gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stress‐Activated Protein Kinase/c‐Jun N‐Terminal Kinase Phosphorylates τ Protein (1997)

A proportion of the neuronal microtubule-associated protein (MAP) tau is highly phosphorylated in foetal and adult brain, whereas the majority of tau in the neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer's patients is hyperphosphorylated; many of the phosphorylation sites are serines or threonines followed by prolines. Several kinases phosphorylate tau at such sites in vitro. We have now shown that purified recombinant stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase, a proline-directed kinase of the MAP kinase extended family, phosphorylates recombinant tau in vitro on threonine and serine residues. Western blots using antibodies to phosphorylation-dependent tau epitopes demonstrated that phosphorylation occurs in both of the main phosphorylated regions of tau protein. Unlike glycogen synthase kinase-3, the c-Jun N-terminal kinase readily phosphorylates Thr205 and Ser422, which are more highly phosphorylated in Alzheimer tau than in foetal or adult tau. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 may preferentially phosphorylate the sites found physiologically, in foetal and to a smaller extent in adult tau, whereas stress-activated/c-Jun N-terminal kinase and/or other members of the extended MAP kinase family may be responsible for pathological proline-directed phosphorylations. Inflammatory processes in Alzheimer brain might therefore contribute directly to the pathological formation of the hyperphosphorylated tau found in neurofibrillary tangles.
Isolation of porcine pancreatic islets: Low trypsin activity during the isolation procedure guarantees reproducible high islet yields (1994)

Abstract During the past few years, interest in xenotransplantation of porcine islets of Langerhans for the future therapy of type I diabetes has increased markedly. Therefore, we established a semiautomated digestion method for isolating islets from the porcine pancreas. However, although the isolation technique was standardized and collagenase of controlled quality was used, we were unable to attain high islet yields with a satisfactory degree of reproducibility. One hypothesis was that varying degrees of interference by donor pancreatic enzymes were responsible for this failure. The aim of this study was to examine the kinetics of four types of enzymatic activity during the isolation procedure, as well as their effects on islet yield: collagenase, trypsin, neutral protease, and clostripain. Our results indicate that while exogenous collagenase activity decreases slightly during the isolation procedure, the activity of the pancreas enzymes neutral protease and trypsin increases. In some cases, trypsin activity increases very strongly. A strong increase in trypsin activity correlates with poor islet yield, whereas low trypsin activity always correlates with high islet yield. Addition of the protease inhibitor Pefabloc to the isolation medium results in low trypsin activity and reproducible high islet yields. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enhancing malaria diagnosis through microfluidic cell enrichment and magnetic resonance relaxometry detection (2015)

Despite significant advancements over the years, there remains an urgent need for low cost diagnostic approaches that allow for rapid, reliable and sensitive detection of malaria parasites in clinical samples. Our previous work has shown that magnetic resonance relaxometry (MRR) is a potentially highly sensitive tool for malaria diagnosis. A key challenge for making MRR based malaria diagnostics suitable for clinical testing is the fact that MRR baseline fluctuation exists between individuals, making it difficult to detect low level parasitemia. To overcome this problem, it is important to establish the MRR baseline of each individual while having the ability to reliably determine any changes that are caused by the infection of malaria parasite. Here we show that an approach that combines the use of microfluidic cell enrichment with a saponin lysis before MRR detection can overcome these challenges and provide the basis for a highly sensitive and reliable diagnostic approach of malaria parasites. Importantly, as little as 0.0005% of ring stage parasites can be detected reliably, making this ideally suited for the detection of malaria parasites in peripheral blood obtained from patients. The approaches used here are envisaged to provide a new malaria diagnosis solution in the near future.
A collaborative study for the evaluation of lectin-reactive alpha-fetoproteins in early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. (1993)

Lectin-affinity electrophoretic separation of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was carried out using AFP Differentiation Kits, which used Lens culinaris agglutinin-A (Kit L) and erythroagglutinating phytohemagglutinin (Kit P). Separated AFP bands were detected with a sensitive antibody-affinity blotting technique and determined quantitatively by densitometry, and the results were expressed as percentages of the intensity of total AFP bands. Sera from 424 patients with acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and extrahepatic tumors were assayed for proportion of AFP present as Lens culinaris agglutinin-A-reactive AFP (AFP-L3) and erythroagglutinating phytohemagglutinin-reactive AFPs (AFP-P4+P5). From the maximum Youden indices determined, cutoff levels were set at 15% for both AFP-L3 and AFP-P4+P5 to discriminate between patients with chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis and patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. AFP-L3 and AFP-P4+P5 showed sensitivities of 55.3 and 61.0% at specificities of 93.9% and 82.3%, respectively. Thirty-eight % of tumors that measured less than 20 mm in diameter were positive for AFP-L3 and AFP-P4+P5. AFP-L3 exceeded the cutoff level of 15% 4.0 +/- 4.9 months before detection of hepatocellular carcinomas by imaging techniques with a sensitivity of 48% and a specificity of 81%. Thus, these tests are useful for the early detection of hepatocellular carcinomas in patients with hepatitis or liver cirrhosis.
Protective Effects of IL-6 Blockade in Sepsis Are Linked to Reduced C5a Receptor Expression (2003)

IL-6 is known to be an important pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine, which is up-regulated during sepsis. Our previous work has suggested a role for IL-6 in the up-regulation of C5aR in sepsis. We reported earlier that interception of C5a or C5aR results in improved outcomes in experimental sepsis. Using the cecal ligation/puncture (CLP) model in mice, we now demonstrate that treatment with anti-IL-6 Ab (anti-IL-6) results in significantly improved survival, dependent on the amount of Ab infused. CLP animals showed significantly increased binding of 125I-labeled anti-C5aR to organs when compared to either control mice at 0 h or CLP animals infused with normal rabbit 125I-labeled IgG. Binding of 125I-labeled anti-C5aR to lung, liver, kidney, and heart was significantly decreased in anti-IL-6-treated animals 6 h after CLP. RT-PCR experiments with mRNA isolated from various organs obtained 3, 6, and 12 h after CLP demonstrated increased C5aR mRNA expression during the onset of sepsis, which was greatly suppressed in CLP mice treated with anti-IL-6. These data suggest that IL-6 plays an important role in the increased expression of C5aR in lung, liver, kidney, and heart during the development of sepsis in mice and that interception of IL-6 leads to reduced expression of C5aR and improved survival.
Analysis of Block Matching Algorithms with Fast Computational and Winner-update Strategies (2013)

Block matching for motion estimation has been widely used in video compression for efficient transmission and storage of video bit stream by reducing the temporal redundancy existing in a video sequence. The motion estimation is a process to predict the motion between two successive frames. This paper is primarily a review of the block matching algorithms using fast computational and winner-update strategies. The paper describes and analyses different types of block matching algorithms, namely Full Search (FS), Fast Computational of
An Inflammatory Clock Predicts Multi-morbidity, Immunosenescence and Cardiovascular Aging in Humans (2019)

Abstract While many diseases of aging have been linked to the immunological system, immune metrics with which to identify the most at-risk individuals are lacking. Here, we studied the blood immunome of 1001 individuals age 8-96 and derived an inflammatory clock of aging (iAge), which tracked with multi-morbidity and immunosenescence. In centenarians, iAge was on average, 40 years lower than their corresponding chronological age. The strongest contributor to this metric was the chemokine CXCL9, which was involved in cardiac aging, affected vascular function, and down-regulated Sirtuin-3, a longevity-associated molecule. Thus, our results identify an important link between inflammatory molecules and pathways known to govern lifespan.
[Surgeon general Jean Lambert des Cilleuls (1885-1980)]. (1993)

La biographie du medecin-general Jean Lambert des Cilleuls montre sa brillante carriere dans la societe francaise d'histoire de la medecine, et son interet a definir le lien entre les societes parisiennes et provinciales
Probiotics in pregnant women to prevent allergic disease: a randomized, double-blind trial (2010)

Probiotics given to nonselected mothers reduced the cumulative incidence of AD, but had no effect on atopic sensitization.
Real-world experiences with an interactive ad hoc sensor network (2003)

While it is often suggested that moderate-scale ad hoc sensor networks are a promising approach to solving real-world problems, most evaluations of sensor network protocols have focused on simulation, rather than realworld, experiments. In addition, most experimental results have been obtained in limited scale. This paper describes a practical application of moderate-scale ad hoc sensor networks. We explore several techniques for reducing packet loss, including quality-based routing and passive acknowledgment, and present an empirical evaluation of the effect of these techniques on packet loss and data freshness.
Über den Einbau von AI(III), Ga(III) und In(III) in das Calcium-Fluorapatit-Gitter (1991)

In order to determine the effect of Al(III), Ga(III) and In(III) on the inorganic phase of bone, a model study has been undertaken, investigating a series of fluoroapatites in which part of the Ca(II) ions were substituted be these cations. Diffractometric and spectroscopic studies show that low concentrations of the incorporated metals neither affect the crystallographic characteristics nor the strength of the P - O bonds of these apatitic materials.
MP2ML: A Mixed-Protocol Machine Learning Framework for Private Inference (2020)

We present an extended abstract of MP2ML, a machine learning framework which integrates Intel nGraph-HE, a homomorphic encryption (HE) framework, and the secure two-party computation framework ABY, to enable data scientists to perform private inference of deep learning (DL) models trained using popular frameworks such as TensorFlow at the push of a button. We benchmark MP2ML on the CryptoNets network with ReLU activations, on which it achieves a throughput of 33.3 images/s and an accuracy of 98.6%. This throughput matches the previous state-of-the-art frameworks.
Analysis of Parkinson’s Disease and Subsequent Cancer Risk in Taiwan: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study (2011)

Our study found that Taiwanese patients with PD have a lower risk of developing colorectal and lung cancers. The findings of this study are compatible with those of prior studies from other countries.
Opioid Addiction: Social Problems Associated and Implications of Both Current and Possible Future Treatments, including Polymeric Therapeutics for Giving Up the Habit of Opioid Consumption (2017)

Our study of the available oral treatments for opioid dependence has revealed that no current treatment can actually claim to be fully effective. These treatments require daily oral administration and, consequently, regular visits to dispensaries, which in most cases results in a lack of patient compliance, which causes fluctuations in drug plasma levels. We then reviewed alternative treatments in the available scientific literature on polymeric sustained release formulations. Research has been done not only on release systems for detoxification but also on release systems for giving up the habit of taking opioids. These efforts have obtained the recent authorization of polymeric systems for use in patients that could help them to reduce their craving for drugs.
Plant Tissue Culture Media (2012)

The essential elements in plant cell or tissue culture media include, besides C, H and O, macroelements: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and sulphur (S) for satisfactory growth and morphogenesis. Culture media should contain at least 25-60 mM of inorganic nitrogen for satisfactory plant cell growth. Potassium is required for cell growth of most plant species. Most media contain K in the form of nitrate chloride salts
Capturing real-time power system dynamics: Opportunities and challenges (2015)

The power grid evolves towards a new mix of generation and consumption that introduces new dynamic and stochastic behaviors. These emerging grid behaviors would invalidate the steady-state assumption in today's state estimation - an essential function for real-time power grid operation. This paper examines this steady-state assumption and identifies the need for estimating dynamic states. Supporting technologies are presented as well as a proposed formulation for estimating dynamic states. Metrics for evaluating methods for solving the dynamic state estimation problem are proposed, with example results to illustrate the use of these metrics. The overall objective of this paper is to provide a basis that more research on this topic can follow.
Particle-mediated gene transfer with transforming growth factor-beta1 cDNAs enhances wound repair in rat skin. (1996)

Based on preliminary but variable results with direct DNA transfer into wounds, we evaluated in vivo gene transfer by particle-mediated DNA delivery to rat skin to determine whether overexpression of TGF-beta1 at the site of skin incisions would result in a significant improvement in repair. Optimization of the method with viral promoter-luciferase reporter constructs indicated that expression of luciferase activity persisted up to 5 d and was promoter, pressure, and site dependent (ventral > dorsal). Using cytomegalovirus (CMV)-driven human alpha1-antitrypsin, transgene expression was immunolocalized within keratinocytes of the stratum granulosum at 24 h. We measured tensile strength of skin incisions at 11-21 d in both normal and diabetic rats transfected with TGF-beta1 expression vectors at surgery. Native murine TGF-beta1 under an SV40 promoter produced positive effects, while wound strengthening was more pronounced in diabetic animals using a CMV-driven construct. Transfection of rat skin with constitutively active, mutant porcine TGF-beta1 under the control of the CMV and Moloney murine leukemia virus promoters significantly increased tensile strength up to 80% for 14-21 d after surgery. Transfection 24 h before surgery was more effective. Particle-mediated gene delivery can be used to deliver viral promoter-cytokine expression constructs into rat skin in a safe, efficient, and reproducible fashion. The extent of wound repair, as evidenced by enhanced tensile strength, can be markedly improved in tissues transfected with TGF-beta1 expression constructs.
Effect of storage in media with different ion strengths and osmolalities on human periodontal ligament cells (1981)

The viability of the periodontal ligament (PDL) cells is critical for the successful healing of replanted exarticulated teeth. It is mainly dependent on the duration of the extra-alveolar time and the storage medium. Saliva has usually been recommended as the most suitable storage medium, but recent experimental studies indicate that milk is preferable. In the present study the effect on cultured PDL cells of saliva and milk has been compared with some reference media such as tap water or saline by means of a 3H-uridine leakage test. Storage in milk or saline was found to cause much less 3H-uridine leakage than storage in saliva or tap water. Cells stored in milk for 60-180 min showed about the same leakage as cells stored in saline or Hanks' balanced salt solution. Osmolality measurements showed that saliva was hypotonic, while the osmolality of milk ranged within physiological limits. When the osmolality of saliva was increased by addition of NaCl the leakage of the stored cells decreased to the level of cells stored in 0.9% NaCl or milk.
Novel Design of a Soft Lightweight Pneumatic Continuum Robot Arm with Decoupled Variable Stiffness and Positioning (2017)

Soft robot arms possess unique capabilities when it comes to adaptability, flexibility, and dexterity. In addition, soft systems that are pneumatically actuated can claim high power-to-weight ratio. One of the main drawbacks of pneumatically actuated soft arms is that their stiffness cannot be varied independently from their end-effector position in space. The novel robot arm physical design presented in this article successfully decouples its end-effector positioning from its stiffness. An experimental characterization of this ability is coupled with a mathematical analysis. The arm combines the light weight, high payload to weight ratio and robustness of pneumatic actuation with the adaptability and versatility of variable stiffness. Light weight is a vital component of the inherent safety approach to physical human-robot interaction. To characterize the arm, a neural network analysis of the curvature of the arm for different input pressures is performed. The curvature-pressure relationship is also characterized experimentally.
PDGF-CC blockade inhibits pathological angiogenesis by acting on multiple cellular and molecular targets (2010)

The importance of identifying VEGF-independent pathways in pathological angiogenesis is increasingly recognized as a result of the emerging drug resistance to anti-VEGF therapies. PDGF-CC is the third member of the PDGF family discovered after more than two decades of studies on PDGF-AA and PDGF-BB. The biological function of PDGF-CC and the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Here, using different animal models, we report that PDGF-CC inhibition by neutralizing antibody, shRNA, or genetic deletion suppressed both choroidal and retinal neovascularization. Importantly, we revealed that PDGF-CC targeting acted not only on multiple cell types important for pathological angiogenesis, such as vascular mural and endothelial cells, macrophages, choroidal fibroblasts and retinal pigment epithelial cells, but also on the expression of other important angiogenic genes, such as PDGF-BB and PDGF receptors. At a molecular level, we found that PDGF-CC regulated glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3beta phosphorylation and expression both in vitro and in vivo. Activation of GSK3beta impaired PDGF-CC-induced angiogenesis, and inhibition of GSK3beta abolished the antiangiogenic effect of PDGF-CC blockade. Thus, we identified PDGF-CC as an important candidate target gene for antiangiogenic therapy, and PDGF-CC inhibition may be of therapeutic value in treating neovascular diseases.
[Research advancement in natural anti-cancer product]. (2019)

Human health has been severely threatened by malignant tumors continuously.Rational and effective drug use provides an effective means for the treatment of malignant tumors,and is expected to become an important way to solve the problem of tumor treatment in the future.In recent years,with the escalation of new cancer theories and the emergence of clinical drug resistance,innovative research and development of anti-cancer drugs has always been a hot spot and focus in cancer research.Among them,the discovery of novel anti-cancer drugs from natural compound is of top priority due to its strong anti-cancer efficacy and the abundant drug resources.Therefore,it is imperative to systematically summarize the cutting-edge advancements of the natural products and their potential pharmacological mechanisms according to the characteristics of tumor progression,and put forward the new directions and trends for further development of anti-cancer natural products in the future.Specifically,the research advancements on anti-cancer effect of natural products were reviewed,focusing on both the traditional and innovative application.We hope this review could bring the light on the research path of the natural anti-cancer products clearly and comprehensively,and also provide inspirations for innovative,safer and more effective anti-cancer drug development and exploration.
INVESTIGATION OF BEARING TECHNOLOGY (2016)

Abstract : This report records and documents Laboratory and Field Test data that demonstrates the superiority of new universal joints that utilize a unique, innovative technological concept. These U-Joint's were tested on the Propeller Shafts of the HMMWV in direct comparison with Standard universal joints. They are interchangeable. The new bearings, named Geometrically Contoured (GC) for their design configurations, are made from powdered metal materials. They eliminate roller needles and balls in bearings. Since the GC design does not require lubrication maintenance, there is no need for the u-joint cross to contain lubrication reservoirs and distribution channels and their input fitting. Their elimination in the cross enhances the fatigue resistance of the entire universal joint significantly , as well as markedly reducing their manufacturing costs. Field tests confirm the GC Solid U-Joint provides significant wear performance improvement over the HMMWV standard needle rollered universal joint. The innovation is not limited to the universal joint. GC Bearings are interchangeable with standard bearings. They provide improved performance with longer life and do so without lubrication maintenance and at reduced unit costs. GC designed bearings can be used to replace Roller Bearings, Ball Bearings and Sliding (Sleeve) Bearings.
AFM Studies of Corona Treated Biaxially Oriented PET Film (2007)

A sixteen run designed experiment was performed on biaxially oriented PET film with line speed and corona treater power setting as variables. The (corona treater gap was held constant.) on biaxially oriented PET film. Using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), surface topography and compositional variations were measured on each sample of treated film. Surface roughness values, Ra, were determined from the AFM images. The surface energy of each sample was obtained from contact angle data immediately after production. Each sample was also aged at 50Â°C for one week and then imaged with AFM again to determine any changes in roughness or composition. The film was washed with deionized water to remove any water soluble low molecular weight material formed in the corona treatment. The material was analyzed with mass spectroscopy and nuclear resonance spectroscopy in an effort to identify the material(s). Comparisons will be made between these results and our prior results of corona treatment of uniaxially oriented PET film.