gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Global Pose Estimation with an Attention-Based Recurrent Network (2018)

The ability for an agent to localize itself within an environment is crucial for many real-world applications. For unknown environments, Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) enables incremental and concurrent building of and localizing within a map. We present a new, differentiable architecture, Neural Graph Optimizer, progressing towards a complete neural network solution for SLAM by designing a system composed of a local pose estimation model, a novel pose selection module, and a novel graph optimization process. The entire architecture is trained in an end-to-end fashion, enabling the network to automatically learn domain-specific features relevant to the visual odometry and avoid the involved process of feature engineering. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our system on a simulated 2D maze and the 3D ViZ-Doom environment.
Group-Based Control Method for Machine Type Communications in LTE System (2013)

Machine Type Communication (MTC) devices perform the attach procedure without bit rate limitations, congestion arise at the core network. To prevent such congestion, Long Term Evolution (LTE) takes advantages of the group-based policing to regulate the maximum bit rate of all traffic generated by a group of MTC devices. But previous researches on Access Point Name-Aggregate Maximum Bit Rate (APN-AMBR) based on group-based policing are relatively limited. This study proposes a multi-stage control mechanism, called MSC, to process the operations of maximum bit rate allocation based on resource utilization information. Simulation results indicate that MSC mechanism achieved a higher overall throughput for all MTC devices. For the purpose of performance evaluation, a M/G/k/k Markov chain was used to analyze the time controlled MTC application in LTE networks. The simulation results revealed that the throughput of MSC is 28% higher than that of the LTE standard model by using the group-based policing.
Mining on-line sources for definition knowledge (2004)

Finding definitions in huge text collections is a challenging problem, not only because of the many ways in which defini-tions can be conveyed in natural language texts but also be-cause the definiendum (i.e., the thing to be defined) has not, on its own, enough discriminative power to allow selection of definition-bearing passages from the collection. We have de-veloped a method that uses already available external sources to gather knowledge about the “definiendum ” before trying to define it using the given text collection. This knowledge consists of lists of relevant secondary terms that frequently co-occur with the definiendum in definition-bearing passages or “definiens”. External sources used to gather secondary terms are an on-line enyclopedia, a lexical database and the Web. These secondary terms together with the definiendum are used to select passages from the text collection perform-ing information retrieval. Further linguistic analysis is car-ried out on each passage to extract definition strings from the passages using a number of criteria including the presence of main and secondary terms or definition patterns.
Organometal halide perovskite nanocrystals embedded in silicone resins with bright luminescence and ultrastability (2017)

The formation of CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbBr<sub>3</sub> nanocrystals and silicone resin composites greatly improves the stability of CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbBr<sub>3</sub> nanocrystals against water, heat and UV exposure.
Spread ALOHA for VSATs (1986)

<p>Spread ALOHA is a multiple access protocol using conventional ALOHA packets spread in time, so that the packet contention interval at the output of the packet receiver is not increased. Packets transmitted using a Spread ALOHA protocol can overlap in the physical channel with high probability, but still be separated at the output of a matched filter, so that the probability of overlap at the receiver output is low. Spread ALOHA operation of a data channel combines several characteristics of ALOHA channels and Spread Spectrum channels. The use of Spread ALOHA can achieve certain efficiencies and simplicities of operation which are not possible in conventional ALOHA channels or conventional Spread Spectrum channels. In particular, for the case of a large number of small earth stations accessing a single satellite transponder in a data network, no signaling technique is possible which can achieve a higher average data throughput for a given average power and a given bandwidth than Spread ALOHA.</p>\n<p>This report is preliminary only. It contains an explanation of the basic elements of a Spread ALOHA channel together with some notational material which serves to emphasize the connection between Spread ALOHA, conventional Spread Spectrum and algebraic coding theory. A more detailed report will be provided at a later date.</p>
Novel CO2 laser with Michelson-interferometer type optical resonator (1994)

Most lasers have usually used the Fabry- Perot interferometer (FPI) type resonator1 consisting of two mirrors facing each other. In high power gas lasers such as CO2 and CO lasers, a diffraction grating is also extensively used to tune out its oscillation line.2 In this paper we shall propose a new scheme of CO2 laser with the Michelson interferometer (MI) type resonator,3 and experimentally demonstrate its oscillation characteristics especially with emphasizing on line-selection)
Highly Efficient Phosphorescent Furo[3,2-<i>c</i>]pyridine Based Iridium Complexes with Tunable Emission Colors over the Whole Visible Range (2017)

A series of highly efficient phosphorescent Ir complexes with tunable emission colors over the whole visible range have been designed and synthesized based on furo[3,2-c]pyridine ligand. By mainly varying the molecular structures of the C-chelated blocks, the emission maxima of these complexes can be obviously tailored from 477 to 641 nm while keeping the considerable photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) (0.55-0.78 at wavelength of 475-560 nm and 0.10-0.34 at wavelength of 590-640 nm). Correspondingly, the phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) achieve high-performance greenish-blue, green, greenish-yellow, orange, red, and deep-red electrophosphorescence, revealing state-of-art external quantum efficiences (EQEs) of 20.0% (46.6 cd/A), 31.8% (89.0 cd/A), 19.9% (71.9 cd/A), 16.6% (38.9 cd/A), 12.0% (16.7 cd/A), and 8.5% (7.3 cd/A) as well as Commision Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.25, 0.48), (0.30, 0.58), (0.43, 0.54), (0.62, 0.37), (0.66, 0.32), and (0.70, 0.29), respectively. The results clearly demonstrate the great potential of furo[3,2-c]pyridine based phosphors used for full-color OLED displays.
Discrete and Continuous, Probabilistic Anticipation for Autonomous Robots in Urban Environments (2014)

This paper develops a probabilistic anticipation algorithm for dynamic objects observed by an autonomous robot in an urban environment. Predictive Gaussian mixture models are used due to their ability to probabilistically capture continuous and discrete obstacle decisions and behaviors; the predictive system uses the probabilistic output (state estimate and covariance) of a tracking system and map of the environment to compute the probability distribution over future obstacle states for a specified anticipation horizon. A Gaussian splitting method is proposed based on the sigma-point transform and the nonlinear dynamics function, which enables increased accuracy as the number of mixands grows. An approach to caching elements of this optimal splitting method is proposed, in order to enable real-time implementation. Simulation results and evaluations on data from the research community demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can accurately anticipate the probability distributions over future states of nonlinear systems.
Unsteady aerodynamic model of flapping wings (1996)

Propulsive forces can be generated with flapping or heaving wings traveling through a fluid, as demonstrated in animal flight. To examine the flowfield around variable geometry bodies, with specific application to the unsteady flow associated with flapping wings, an unsteady, three-dimensional, incompressible, potential flow model was developed. The problem is formulated in an inertial reference frame such that the body moves through an otherwise quiescent fluid. Results were compared with the limited experimental results available and analytical methods. In one case the model was applied to a flapping wing in a wind tunnel at high advance ratios (J = 4.31) where the computed average lift and thrust were within the error bounds of the experimental data. The model was also applied to high-frequency flapping flight (J = 0.76) of a pigeon flying in a wind tunnel, where the predicted lift matched the weight of the bird.
Effects of Attention on the Processing of Motion in Macaque Middle Temporal and Medial Superior Temporal Visual Cortical Areas (1999)

The visual system is continually inundated with information received by the eyes. Only a fraction of this information appears to reach visual awareness. This process of selection is one of the functions ascribed to visual attention. Although many studies have investigated the role of attention in shaping neuronal representations in cortical areas, few have focused on attentional modulation of neuronal signals related to visual motion. We recorded from 89 direction-selective neurons in middle temporal (MT) and medial superior temporal (MST) visual cortical areas of two macaque monkeys using identical sensory stimulation under various attentional conditions. Neural responses in both areas were greatly influenced by attention. When attention was directed to a stimulus inside the receptive field of a neuron, responses in MT and MST were enhanced an average of 20 and 40% compared with a condition in which attention was directed outside the receptive field. Even stronger average enhancements (70% in MT and 100% in MST) were observed when attention was switched from a stimulus moving in the nonpreferred direction inside the receptive field to another stimulus in the receptive field that was moving in the preferred direction. These findings show that attention modulates motion processing from stages early in the dorsal visual pathway by selectively enhancing the representation of attended stimuli and simultaneously reducing the influence of unattended stimuli.
A 30-frames/s, $252\times144$ SPAD Flash LiDAR With 1728 Dual-Clock 48.8-ps TDCs, and Pixel-Wise Integrated Histogramming (2018)

A 252 × 144 single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) pixel sensor, called Ocelot, is reported for light detection and ranging (LiDAR). The sensor, fabricated in the 180-nm CMOS technology, features 1728 12-bit time-to-digital converters (TDCs) with 48.8-ps resolution (LSB). Each 126 pixels in a half-column are connected to six TDCs through a collision detection bus, which enables effective sharing of resources, and consequently a fill factor of 28% with a pixel pitch of 28.5 μm. The columnparallel TDCs, based on dual-clock architecture, exhibit a DNL of +0.48/-0.48 LSB and an INL of +0.89/-1.67 LSB; they are dynamically reallocated in a scalable daisy chain approach that enables a maximum of five photon detections per illumination cycle per half-column. The sensor can operate in timecorrelated single-photon counting (TCSPC) and single-photon counting (SPC) modes, while peak detection (PD) and partial histogramming (PH) are included in the operation of the sensor. The PD and PH modes are enabled by the first implementation of integrated histogramming for a full array via 3.32-Mb SRAMbased PH readout (PHR) scheme providing a 14.9-to-1 compression. Telemetry measurements up to 50 m achieve an accuracy of 8.8 cm and worst-case precision of 1.4 mm (σ). A flash LiDAR using direct time of flight (dTOF) and based on Ocelot is demonstrated, achieving depth imaging at short distances with a frame rate of 30 frames/s, employing an ultra-low power laser with an average power of 2 mW and peak power of 0.5 W.
Phosphapalladacycle-Catalyzed Heck Reactions for Efficient Synthesis of Trisubstituted Olefins: Evidence for Palladium(0) Intermediates (1998)

The coupling reaction of 1,1-disubstituted olefins (α-methylstyrene, n-butyl methacrylate) with various aryl bromides (Heck reaction) has been studied as a new concept to synthesize trisubstituted olefins. Surprisingly, the nature of the base dramatically influences the product distribution. Thus, a systematic investigation on the role of base in Heck reactions of 1,1-disubstituted olefins was performed. Less coordinating bases like NaOAc, NaOBz or Na2CO3 yield a statistical distribution of regioisomers with the terminal olefin 10 as the major product. However, by using amines like Bu3N or diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) as base internal olefins can be synthesized with high selectivities. With phosphapalladacycle 3 as catalyst precursor, we were able to obtain catalyst turnover numbers up to 1000, while Pd(OAc)2/2PPh3 was one order of magnitude less active. Analysis of the reaction profile by kinetic investigations led to the postulation of a reduction and subsequent oxidative addition of the catalyst precursor 3 to form 12 as catalytically active intermediate.
Recombinant Human Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein-5 Stimulates Bone Formation Parameters in Vitro and in Vivo1 (1999)

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-5 (rhIGFBP-5) is stored in bone and stimulates osteoblast cell proliferation in vitro. Bone formation is dependent on the number and activity of osteoblasts. We therefore evaluated the ability of recombinant human (rh) IGFBP-5 to increase osteoblast activity in vitro; both alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteocalcin levels showed a dose-dependent increase. In in vivo time-course studies, daily s.c. administration of 50 microg rhIGFBP-5/day/mouse significantly increased serum osteocalcin levels by day 7, and these levels were sustained through day 21. We further evaluated whether rhIGFBP-5 was as effective as IGF-I. Daily s.c. administration of rhIGFBP-5 (50 microg/day), IGF-I (13 microg/day), or IGF-I plus rhIGFBP-5 complex for 9 days increased serum osteocalcin levels by 58%, 65%, and 81% (P < 0.001 in all) and femoral bone extract ALP activity by 85% (P < 0.001), 29% (P < 0.05), and 13% (P = NS), respectively, and decreased carboxyl-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen by 29% (P < 0.05), 20% (P = NS), and 12.5% (P = NS), respectively. One s.c. injection of rhIGFBP-5 (50 microg/mouse) increased serum osteocalcin and bone ALP activity by 21% (P < 0.05) and 27% (P < 0.02), respectively, after 5 days, but did not significantly increase serum IGF-I (1, 6, or 24 h/postinjection), suggesting that the effects of rhIGFBP-5 on bone are not mediated by increasing circulating IGF-I. Our data demonstrate that systemic administration of rhIGFBP-5, either alone or in combination with IGF-I, increases bone formation parameters in vivo.
Migrate or not? Exploring virtual machine migration in roadside cloudlet‐based vehicular cloud (2015)

Summary Vehicle Ad‐Hoc Networks (VANET) enable all components in intelligent transportation systems to be connected so as to improve transport safety, relieve traffic congestion, reduce air pollution, and enhance driving comfort. The vision of all vehicles connected poses a significant challenge to the collection, storage, and analysis of big traffic‐related data. Vehicular cloud computing, which incorporates cloud computing into vehicular networks, emerges as a promising solution. Different from conventional cloud computing platform, the vehicle mobility poses new challenges to the allocation and management of cloud resources in roadside cloudlet. In this paper, we study a virtual machine (VM) migration problem in roadside cloudlet‐based vehicular network and unfold that (1) whether a VM shall be migrated or not along with the vehicle moving and (2) where a VM shall be migrated, in order to minimize the overall network cost for both VM migration and normal data traffic. We first treat the problem as a static off‐line VM placement problem and formulate it into a mixed‐integer quadratic programming problem. A heuristic algorithm with polynomial time is then proposed to tackle the complexity of solving mixed‐integer quadratic programming. Extensive simulation results show that it produces near‐optimal performance and outperforms other related algorithms significantly. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of vandetanib on lung adenocarcinoma cells harboring epidermal growth factor receptor T790M mutation in vivo (2011)

Vandetanib is a novel multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), with additional inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and rearranged during transfection receptor signaling, which has shown promising results in clinical trials for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. However, the mechanisms of acquired resistance to vandetanib remain unclear. Therefore, we established in vitro vandetanib-resistant PC-9/VanR cells from PC-9, a vandetanib-sensitive lung adenocarcinoma cell line, by chronic exposure to this agent. PC-9/VanR cells were 50-fold more resistant to vandetanib than PC-9 cells in vitro. Compared with PC-9 cells, PC-9/VanR cells showed emergence of an EGFR T790M mutation, moderately elevated MET amplification, and similar VEGFR-2 inhibition by vandetanib. Note that phospho-MET in PC-9/VanR was suppressed following EGFR inhibition by an irreversible EGFR-TKI, indicating that MET signaling of PC-9/VanR was dependent on EGFR signaling and that MET amplification was not the primary mechanism of resistance to vandetanib. In contrast to the in vitro experiment, vandetanib effectively inhibited the growth of PC-9/VanR tumors in an in vivo xenograft model through the antiangiogenesis effects of VEGFR-2 inhibition. In conclusion, the multitarget TKI vandetanib induced or selected for the EGFR T790M mutation as observed previously with highly selective EGFR-TKIs. However, vandetanib retained significant efficacy in vivo against xenografts harboring the T790M mutation, providing a strong scientific rationale for investigating vandetanib in clinical settings where acquired resistance through emergence of EGFR T790M mutations limits the effectiveness of highly selective EGFR-TKIs.
Sensitivity analysis in hierarchical fuzzy logic models (2003)

A method developed previously for performing sensitivity analysis with systems based on two-valued logic is extended to the case in which all points in the closed unit interval are possible truth values and the rules of fuzzy logic apply. The advantage of this approach over incrementing inputs and observing outputs are that (1) some insight may be gained into the structure of the model, as when one node 'blocks' changes in another node from propagating upward, and (2) the sensitivity measures are proved to be true (one-sided) derivatives, which may not be the case when simulations are performed with positive and negative increments. These results apply to an important class of information structures found in knowledge-based decision support systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Multiplexed Flow Cytometric Sensing of Blood Electrolytes in Physiological Samples Using Fluorescent Bulk Optode Microspheres (2007)

Polymeric bulk optode microsphere ion sensors in combination with suspension array technologies such as analytical flow cytometry may become a power tool for measuring electrolytes in physiological samples. In this work, the methodology for the direct measurement of common blood electrolytes in physiological samples using bulk optode microsphere sensors was explored. The simultaneous determination of Na(+), K(+), and Ca(2+) in diluted sheep blood plasma was demonstrated for the first time, using a random suspension array containing three types of mixed microsphere bulk optodes of similar size, fabricated from the same chromoionophore without additional labeling. Sodium ionophore X, potassium ionophore III, and grafted AU-1 in poly(butyl acrylate) were the ionophores used in the bulk optode microsphere ion sensors for Na(+), K(+), and Ca(2+), respectively, in combination with the cation-exchanger NaTFPB (sodium tetrakis-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate) and the same concentration of the chromoionophore ETH 5294 (9-(di-ethylamino)-5-octadecanoylimino-5H-benzo[a]phen-oxazine) in plasticized poly(vinyl chloride). Excellent reproducibility was achieved for the sensing of potassium ions. The effect of sample pH was relatively small at near-physiological pH and followed theoretical predictions, yet the sample temperature was found to influence the sensor response to a larger extent. Multiplexed ion sensing was achieved by taking advantage of the chemical tunability of the sensor response, adjusting the sensor compositions so that the three types of ion sensors responded with distinct levels of protonation of the chromoionophore. Consequently, three well-resolved peaks were simultaneously observed in the single-channel histogram during the multiplexed calibration as well as in the subsequent measurement of the three cations in 10-fold-diluted sheep plasma. The assigned peak positions corresponded very well to the physiological range of the measured ions.
Photochemistry of unsaturated ketones in solution. 51. Photophysical and photochemical studies of Michler's ketone (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry of unsaturated ketones in solution. 51. Photophysical and photochemical studies of Michler's ketoneDavid I. Schuster, Marc D. Goldstein, and Penina BaneCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 1, 187–193Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00443a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00443a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views460Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High‐Density Lipoprotein Particles and Markers of Inflammation and Thrombotic Activity in Patients with Untreated HIV Infection (2009)

Persons with untreated HIV infection have lower HDLp (primarily large and small HDLp) and higher IL-6, sICAM-1, and D-dimer levels, and the relationship of these markers to HIV-mediated atherosclerotic risk requires further study.