gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Solid Liquid Suspensions Utilizing Non-Invasive Ultrasonic Measurements (2004)

Sesbania grandiflora, commonly known as 'sesbania', is widely used in Indian folk medicine for the treatment of liver disorders. Oral administration of an ethanolic extract of S. grandiflora leaves (200 mg/kg/day) for 15 days produced significant hepatoprotection against erythromycin estolate (800 mg/kg/day)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. The increased level of serum enzymes (aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase), bilirubin, cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, free fatty acids, plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and hydroperoxides observed in rats treated with erythromycin estolate were significantly decreased in rats treated concomitantly with sesbania extract and erythromycin estolate. The sesbania extract also restored the depressed levels of antioxidants to near normal. The results of the study reveal that sesbania could afford a significant protective effect against erythromycin estolate-induced hepatotoxicity. The effect of sesbania was compared with that of silymarin, a reference hepatoprotective drug.
Compact and Resilient Cryptographic Tools for Digital Forensics (2020)

Audit logs play a crucial role in the security of computer systems and are targeted by the attackers due to their forensic value. Digital signatures are essential tools to ensure the authentication/integrity of logs with public verifiability and nonrepudiation. Especially, forward-secure and aggregate signatures (FAS) offer compromise-resiliency and append-only features such that an active attacker compromising a computer cannot tamper or selectively delete the logs collected before the breach. Despite their high-security, existing FAS schemes can only sign a small pre-defined number (K) of logs, and their key-size/computation overhead grows linearly with K. These limitations prevent a practical adoption of FAS schemes for digital forensics. In this paper, we created new signatures named COmpact and REsilient (CORE) schemes, which are (to the best of our knowledge) the first FAS that can sign (practically) unbounded number of messages with only a sub-linear growth in the keysize/computation overhead. Central to CORE is the creation of a novel K-time signature COREKBase that has a small-constant key generation overhead and public key size. We then develop CORE-MMM that harnesses COREK Base via forward-secure transformations. We showed that CORE-MMM significantly outperforms its alternatives for essential metrics. For instance, CORE-MMM provides more than two and one magnitudes faster key updates and smaller signatures, respectively, with smaller private keys. CORE-MMM also offers extra efficiency when the same messages are signed with evolving keys. We formally prove that CORE schemes are secure. Our analysis indicates that CORE schemes are ideal tools to enhance the trustworthiness of digital forensic applications.
Lyapunov-based control of the sway dynamics for elevator ropes (2014)

In this work we study the problem of rope sway dynamics control for elevator systems. We formulate this problem as a bilinear control problem and propose nonlinear controllers based on Lyapunov theory, to stabilize the rope sway dynamics. We study the stability of the proposed controllers, and test their performances on a numerical example.
Self-energized acoustic wireless sensor for pressure-temperature measurement in injection molding cavity (2009)

This paper presents a self-energized acoustic wireless sensing method for simultaneous measurement of pressure and temperature within the cavity of an injection mold and wireless transmission of the measured parameters out of such a metallically shielded environment through ultrasound pulse trains. Two attributes of the ultrasound pulses have been explored to enable dual-parameter sensing: the number of pulses serves as a direct measure for the magnitude of the pressure, and the carrier frequency of the pulses accounts for the polymer melt temperature. A piezoceramic stack serves as an energy harvester that scavenges energy from the pressure differential of the molding process itself to power the sensor electronics. Systematic comparative experiments on a real-world injection molding machine with commercial wired sensors as the reference verified the accuracy and robustness of the new sensor. Small in size, requiring no battery and no holes to be drilled through the mold, the new sensor is suited for embedded monitoring in a wide range of industrial applications characterized by low accessibility and harsh environmental conditions.
Aromatische polyphosphonate: Thermoplastische polymere von extremer brandwidrigkeit (1985)

Abstract Durch alkalikatalysierte Polykondensation aromatischer Dihydroxyverbindungen mit Phosphonsäurediarylestern in Gegenwart geringer Mengen an speziellen verzweigenden Monomeren wurden verzweigte, hochmolekulare, thermoplastisch verarbeitbare Polyphosphonsäureester erhalten, die eine herausragende Flammwidrigkeit zeigen. Die mechanischen, thermischen, elektrischen und chemischen Eigenschaften eines typischen Vertreters dieser Thermoplastklasse — dem Poly[4,4′‐dioxydiphenylmethylphosphonat] — werden erstmals beschrieben. Es zeigt sich, daß das obengenannte Polymethylphosphonat zu den gut thermoplastisch verarbeitbaren, wärmeformbeständigen, äßerst schlag‐ und kerbschlagzähen Kunststoffen gerechnet werden kann, das innerhalb der halogenfreien Thermoplaste die höchste Flammwidrigkeit besitzt und sogar einen Großteil der hochhalogenhaltigen Kunststoffe in der Brandwidrigkeit übertrifft. Über den Verbleib des chemisch gebundenen Phosphors unter Pyrolysebedingungen an Luft wird eine Aussage gegeben: die Pyrolysegase enthalten ca. 2/3 des im Polymeren gebundenen Phosphors in Form von Phosphorsäure und Methylphosphonsäure. Die Anhebung der Wärmeformbeständigkeit der Polyphosphonate gelingt durch Einkondensation von Carbonat‐ und Arylestergruppen unter Bildung von thermoplastischen amorphen Polycarbonatophosphonaten und Polyesterphosphonaten — ebenfalls Kunststoffen mit signifikant verbesserten Brand‐widrigkeitseigenschaften.
Inhibition of the NMDA response by pregnenolone sulphate reveals subtype selective modulation of NMDA receptors by sulphated steroids (2002)

1. The neurosteroid pregnenolone sulphate (PS) potentiates N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor mediated responses in various neuronal preparations. The NR1 subunit can combine with NR2A, NR2B, NR2C, or NR2D subunits to form functional receptors. Differential NR2 subunit expression in brain and during development raises the question of how the NR2 subunit influences NMDA receptor modulation by neuroactive steroids. 2. We examined the effects of PS on the four diheteromeric NMDA receptor subtypes generated by co-expressing the NR1(100) subunit with each of the four NR2 subunits in Xenopus oocytes. Whereas PS potentiated NMDA-, glutamate-, and glycine-induced currents of NR1/NR2A and NR1/NR2B receptors, it was inhibitory at NR1/NR2C and NR1/NR2D receptors. 3. In contrast, pregnanolone sulphate (3alpha5betaS), a negative modulator of the NMDA receptor that acts at a distinct site from PS, inhibited all four subtypes, but was approximately 4 fold more potent at NR1/NR2C and NR1/NR2D than at NR1/NR2A and NR1/NR2B receptors. 4. These findings demonstrate that residues on the NR2 subunit are key determinants of modulation by PS and 3alpha5betaS. The modulatory effects of PS, but not 3alpha5betaS, on dose-response curves for NMDA, glutamate, and glycine are consistent with a two-state model in which PS either stabilizes or destabilizes the active state of the receptor, depending upon which NR2 subunit is present. 5. The selectivity of sulphated steroid modulators for NMDA receptors of specific subunit composition is consistent with a neuromodulatory role for endogenous sulphated steroids. The results indicate that it may be possible to develop therapeutic agents that target steroid modulatory sites of specific NMDA receptor subtypes.
MODTRAN4: radiative transfer modeling for remote sensing (1999)

MODTRAN4, the newly released version of the U.S. Air Force atmospheric transmission, radiance and flux model is being developed jointly by the Air Force Research Laboratory/Space Vehicles Directorate and Spectral Sciences, Inc. It is expected to provide the accuracy required for analyzing spectral data for both atmospheric and surface characterization. These two quantities are the subject of satellite and aircraft campaigns currently being developed and pursued by, for instance: NASA (Earth Observing System), NPOESS (National Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellite System), and the European Space Agency (GOME--Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment). Accuracy improvements in MODTRAN relate primarily to two major developments: (1) the multiple scattering algorithms have been made compatible with the spectroscopy by adopting a corrected-k approach to describe the statistically expected transmittance properties for each spectral bin and atmospheric layer, and (2) radiative transfer calculations can be conducted with a Beer-Lambert formulation that improves the treatment of path inhomogeneities. Other code enhancements include the incorporation of solar azimuth dependence in the DISORT- based multiple scattering model, the introduction of surface BRDF (Bi-directional Radiance Distribution Functions) models and 15 cm<SUP>-1</SUP> band model for improved computational speed.
Culture conditions' impact on succinate production by a high succinate producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> strain (2011)

This work aimed to identify the key operational factors that significantly affect succinate production by the high succinate producing Escherichia coli strain SBS550MG (pHL413), which bears mutations inactivating genes adhE ldhA iclR ackpta::Cm(R) and overexpresses the pyruvate carboxylase from Lactococcus lactis. The considered factors included glucose concentration, cell density, CO(2) concentration in the gas stream, pH, and temperature. The results showed that high glucose concentrations inhibited succinate production and that there is a compromise between the total succinate productivity and succinate specific productivity, where the total productivity increased with the increase in cell density and the specific productivity decreased with cell density, probably due to mass transfer limitation. On the other hand, a CO(2) concentration of 100% in the gas stream showed the highest specific succinate productivity, probably by favoring pyruvate carboxylation, increasing the OAA pool that later is converted into succinate. A full factorial design of experiments was applied to analyze the pH and temperature effects on succinate production in batch bioreactors, where succinate yield was not significantly affected by either temperature (37 to 43°C) or pH (6.5 to 7.5). Additionally, the temperature effect on succinate productivity and titer was not significant, in the range tested. On the other hand, a pH of 6.5 showed very low productivity, whereas pH values of 7.0 and 7.5 resulted in significantly higher specific productivities and higher titers. The increase on pH value from 7.0 to 7.5 did not show significant improvement. Then, pH 7.0 should be chosen because it involves a lower cost in base addition.
Disilane: A new silicon doping source in metalorganic chemical vapor deposition of GaAs (1984)

Disilane (Si2H6) is presented as a new silicon doping source in the metalorganic chemical vapor deposition of GaAs together with comparison results obtained using the conventional silane (SiH4) doping source. The doping characteristics of disilane were studied over a wide range of growth conditions: temperature, gas phase stoichiometry, and disilane concentration in the growth ambient. Silicon incorporation by means of disilane pyrolysis showed no temperature dependence, in sharp contrast to the strong temperature activated dependence found when employing silane. The decomposition reaction of disilane proved to be very efficient, reducing the amount of dopant gas required by about two orders of magnitude at the lower growth temperatures. Electrical measurements on disilane-doped GaAs yield the same high mobilities as obtained in silane-doped GaAs films, indicative of low compensation.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using <em>Pimpinella anisum</em> seeds: antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity on human neonatal skin stromal cells and colon cancer cells (2016)

Overall, our results highlighted the capacity of <i>P. anisum</i>-synthesized AgNPs as novel and cheap bioreducing agents for eco-friendly nanosynthetical routes. The data confirm the multipurpose potential of plant-borne reducing and stabilizing agents in nanotechnology.
Novel Process to Enhance the Dyeability of Cotton in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (2007)

A new simple method to improve the dyeability of cotton in supercritical carbon dioxide, which does not require any chemical modification of the cotton, is described here. The affinity of the cotton is enhanced through physical interactions between the pretreatment solvent and the cotton structure. Addition of cosolvents and dissolution of the dye greatly improved the coloration and fixation of the cotton. Experiments with different solvents as pretreatment and as cosolvents were performed. Methanol was found to be the best solvent for the pretreatment. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as cosolvent and dye carrier provided the highest cotton coloration ( K/ S 15.3), but a fixation of only 2%. An increase in fixation to 62% was achieved when methanol was the cosolvent and the dye carrier.
Électrolytes polymères pour les batteries au lithium métal (2015)

Pour les applications nécessitant le stockage et la conversion de grandes quantités d'énergie telles que le véhicule électrique et les énergies intermittentes renouvelables, des batteries présentant à la fois une grande densité d'énergie (kWh/kg), un coût faible (euros/kWh), une grande sécurité et une longue durée de vie sont nécessaires. Parmi les différentes technologies en développement, les batteries « tout solide » lithium métal polymère sont particulièrement prometteuses. Les verrous de cette technologie portent sur l'utilisation du lithium métal à l'électrode négative et sur le développement d'un électrolyte polymère permettant un fonctionnement à température ambiante. Les différentes stratégies développées portant sur les électrolytes polymères secs, électrolytes plastifiés, électrolytes gélifiés, électrolytes caoutchouteux sont présentés dans cet article.
Organic derivatives of hydrazine and hydroxylamine in future technology of spent nuclear fuel reprocessing (1993)

An important issue in nuclear fuel reprocessing is the reduction of salts. It is seen that this can be accomplished utilizing organic derivatives of hydrazine and hydroxylamine as reductants of Np(VI) and Pu(IV). The chemistry of this process is described.
Pathogenesis of enteroaggregative<i>Escherichia coli</i>infection (2005)

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is emerging as a significant diarrheal pathogen in multiple population groups. Although most commonly associated with pediatric diarrhea in developing countries, EAEC is also linked to diarrhea in adults including HIV-positive patients and travelers and has been a cause of food-borne outbreaks in the industrialized world. Current data suggest that one set of virulence elements is not associated with all EAEC strains, but that combinations of multiple factors prevail. Pathogenesis is believed to be initiated with adherence to the terminal ileum and colon in an aggregative, stacked-brick-type pattern by means of one of several different hydrophobic aggregative adherence fimbriae. Some strains of EAEC may then elaborate cytotoxins including the plasmid-encoded toxin and the enterotoxins, EAST1 and ShET1. An AraC homolog termed AggR regulates several genes contributing to fimbrial biogenesis in 'typical EAEC strains'. AggR has now also been shown to regulate genes on a chromosomal island. Sequencing of the EAEC type strain 042 completed at the Sanger Center has revealed two other chromosomal islands that are being explored for their pathogenetic potential. This article reviews these virulence elements and presents on-going areas of research in EAEC pathogenesis.
Particle-free semiconductor cutting using the water jet guided laser (2005)

For many years, wafer cutting has posed a challenge to laser-based cutting techniques because of the brittle nature of semiconductors and the exacting requirements for cleanliness. Since conventional laser cutting generates a strong heat-affected zone and a large amount of particles, abrasive sawing is currently the standard process for semiconductor wafer dicing. However, abrasive sawing can no longer fulfill the demands of new, emerging types of semiconductor devices like those based on thin wafers and compound semiconductors. New separation methods are investigated here. The water jet guided laser is a relatively recent technology that offers not only a significantly reduced heat-affected zone but also a cleaner wafer surface. This is due, first, to the water jet, which cools the material between the laser pulses and removes a significant amount of molten material generated by laser ablation. However, the system has recently been upgraded by adding a device that covers the entire wafer surface with a well-controlled thin water film throughout the cutting process. The few generated particles are thus kept in suspension and will not deposit on the wafer surface.
Effect of Lying on Gastric Electrical Rhythm (2005)

Purpose: The gastrointestinal tract is uniquely sensitive to mental stress, reflecting the communication between the central nervous system and the enteric nervous system. We hypothesized that this relationship could be exploited to provide insight into the psychological state of an individual when lying by analyzing changes in gastric physiology. Current lie detection methods (using standard polygraph) rely on non- GI physiological changes (ie. heart rate and sweating), but are only about 90% accurate and often unreliable. Methods: Sixteen healthy volunteers (13F, 3M) were recruited. Simultaneous electrogastrogram “EGG” and electrocardiogram “EKG” recordings were done for 3 periods, Baseline “BsL”, “Lying” and “Truth”; the later 2 being randomized. Autonomic activity was assessed via spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) data derived from EKG. Gastric slow waves were assessed via spectral analysis of EGG signal. Statistical analysis was done using Student t-test and ANOVA as appropriate. Results: The 2nd channel of EGG, located on stomach proximal antral area, showed a significant decrease in% normal slow wave in Lying vs. BsL (75.39 ± 5.5 vs. 82.29 ± 4.47; P = 0.04). This may be attributed to significant increase in% arrhythmia in Lying vs. BsL (11.13 ± 3.87 vs. 6.35 ± 2.86; P = 0.02). HRV analysis showed a significant increase in average heart rate in Lying and Truth vs. BsL (75.76 ± 1.73; 74.4 ± 1.69 vs. 72.19 ± 1.43); (p = 0.05, 0.002, 0.001 respectively). There was a significant increase in sympathovagal balance in Lying vs. BsL (1.67 ± 0.33 vs. 1.35 ± 0.32; P = 0.045), which might be attributed to significant decrease in vagal activity in both Lying and Truth periods vs. BsL (0.32 ± 0.04 and 0.33 ± 0.04 vs. 0.4 ± 0.04; P = 0.026 and 0.003 respectively). Conclusions: Lying and truth telling are both associated with an increase in heart rate and sympathovagal balance. However, the act of lying is associated with a significant increase in gastric arrhythmia. Thus standard polygraph methods to assess heart rate variability may not perform as well as the EGG in distinguishing between lying and telling the truth. The addition of the EGG to standard polygraph methods has clear value in improving the accuracy of current lie detectors. In addition to a new, potentially breakthrough method for a variety of security applications, the results also provide understanding of the complex communication between the big brain and the little brain in the stomach. Further research in real-life situations and using larger numbers is necessary to validate these results.
Performance Analysis and Modeling of Video Transcoding Using Heterogeneous Cloud Services (2018)

High-quality video streaming, either in form of Video-On-Demand (VOD) or live streaming, usually requires converting (ie, transcoding) video streams to match the characteristics of viewers' devices (eg, in terms of spatial resolution or supported formats). Considering the computational cost of the transcoding operation and the surge in video streaming demands, Streaming Service Providers (SSPs) are becoming reliant on cloud services to guarantee Quality of Service (QoS) of streaming for their viewers. Cloud providers offer heterogeneous computational services in form of different types of Virtual Machines (VMs) with diverse prices. Effective utilization of cloud services for video transcoding requires detailed performance analysis of different video transcoding operations on the heterogeneous cloud VMs. In this research, for the first time, we provide a thorough analysis of the performance of the video stream transcoding on heterogeneous cloud VMs. Providing such analysis is crucial for efficient prediction of transcoding time on heterogeneous VMs and for the functionality of any scheduling methods tailored for video transcoding. Based upon the findings of this analysis and by considering the cost difference of heterogeneous cloud VMs, in this research, we also provide a model to quantify the degree of suitability of each cloud VM type for various transcoding tasks. The provided model can supply resource (VM) provisioning methods with accurate performance and cost trade-offs to efficiently utilize cloud services for video streaming.
Coding of animated 3-D wireframe models for internet streaming applications (2001)

In this paper we present a coding technique for 3-D animated wireframe models, suitable for Internet streaming. First we present the MPEG-4 like coding scheme with simple RTP packetisation, and provide details of the achieved compression efficiency. Then, we describe a distortion metric for such a signal and we conduct experiments to study the effect of packet loss, following a bursty packet loss model that approximates a simulated IP network. Our experiments examine the performance of the coding scheme for a simple streaming scenario with different sequence configurations. The results show that short-term and short average length burst losses of up to 30% have a logarithmic effect on the decrease of the animation smoothness in the case of simple differential coding. This logarithmic decrease is corrected to linear by inserting I-frames to the sequence at the expense of reduced compression. The result is smoother animation.