gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Context-based search engine for industrial IoT: Discovery, search, selection, and usage of devices (2015)

During the past few years, with the fast development and proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT), many application areas have started to exploit this new computing paradigm. An interesting use of IoT is in the Industrial field, which has resulted in a new business concept called IIoT (Industrial Internet of Things). Another important fact is the number of active computing devices has been growing at a rapid pace in IoT environments around the world. Consequently, a mechanism to deal with this different devices has become necessary. Middleware systems solutions for IoT have been developed in both research and industrial environments to supply this need. However, discover, search, select, and interact with devices remain a critical challenge. In this paper we present COBASEN, a software framework composed of a Context Module and a Search Engine to address the research challenge regarding the discovery and interaction with IoT devices when large number of devices with overlapping and sometimes redundant functionality are available in IoT middleware systems. The search engine of the COBASEN operates based on the semantic characteristics of the devices, which is provided by the context module, and that helps users in their interactions with desired devices. The main goal of this work is to highlight the importance of a context-based search engine in the IoT paradigm and to provide a solution that addresses the proper management of search and usage in IoT middleware environments. We developed a tool that implements all COBASEN concepts. However, for preliminarily tests, we made a functional evaluation of the search engine in terms of performance for indexing and querying response time. Our initial findings suggest that COBASEN provides important approaches that facilitate the development of IIoT applications, which based on the COBASEN systems support, may perform essential roles to improve industrial processes.
Sense And Avoid (SAA) & Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) Integration for Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) (2007)

The emerging role of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) for both military and civil operations hinges on the ability to gain unrestricted access to national airspace. One of the key issues that must be resolved to open up the skies to UAS is coexisting safely and effectively with current manned operations in Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)controlled airspace. This includes the ability to perform Sense and Avoid (SAA) functions at an “equivalent level of safety” (ELOS) to manned aircraft while not negatively impacting the existing infrastructure and manned Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) that create today’s safe airspace. An SAA system consisting of multiple dissimilar passive and active sensors can be designed to provide a robust and safety-critical autonomous collision avoidance solution to protect against midair collisions with both cooperative (transponding) and non-cooperative (non-transponding) intruder vehicles. In this paper, the authors investigate the feasibility of using data from multiple sensors to drive a collision avoidance algorithm that is compatible with current manned TCAS II-equipped aircraft. Furthermore, the authors investigate the effects of integrating TCAS II on UAS.
Hydrogen Peroxide Electroreduction at a Silver-Nanoparticle Array: Investigating Nanoparticle Size and Coverage Effects (2009)

The cathodic reduction of hydrogen peroxide displays altered electrochemical behavior between silver macro- and nanoscale electrodes. In acidic media, two parallel reduction mechanisms have been reported: “normal” and “autocatalytic”. The reduction potentials are reported in the literature versus mercury/mercurous sulfate reference electrode. The “normal” reduction of H2O2, in the presence of H+, forms water and the intermediate OH(ads), taking place at <−0.4 V. The presence of the OH(ads) allows the “autocatalytic” process to proceed at a higher rate, operating at a smaller potential of −0.1 V. We report that “autocatalysis” is absent at a silver nanoparticle (NP)-modified electrode. Moreover, experimentally obtained voltammetry at silver nanoparticle (AgNP)-modified basal plane pyrolytic graphite electrodes, for the “normal” H2O2 reduction, demonstrates a negative peak shift for decreasing NP size as well as a positive peak shift for increased surface coverage. Several factors are involved in this complex behavior, including size effects, mass transport, and possible catalysis. Mass transport models are developed to separate size-related diffusional effects from other possible influences. It is shown that, for electrochemically irreversible reduction processes and widely separated nanoparticles, the voltammetric peak potential (or half-wave potential) varies logarithmically with the radius of the NPs, assumed hemispherical or disk-shaped. In particular, the unusually large overpotential on the NP-modified electrodes as compared to the bulk electrode is seen to result from the enhanced mass transport overpotentials for nanoelectrodes as compared to bulk electrodes.
Effects of pointers on data dependences (2002)

This paper presents a technique for computing and classifying data dependences that takes into account the complexities introduced by specific language constructs, such as pointers, arrays and structures. The classification is finer-grained than previously proposed classifications. Moreover unlike previous work, the paper presents empirical results that illustrate the distribution of data dependences for a set of C subjects. The paper also presents a potential application for the proposed classification, program slicing, and a technique that completes slices based on data-dependence types. This technique facilitates the use of slicing for program understanding because a user can either augment a slice incrementally, by incorporating data dependences based on their relevance, or focus on specific kinds of dependences. Finally, the paper presents a case study that shows how the incremental addition of data dependences allows for growing the size of the slices in steps.
Nanostructuring the graphite basal plane by focused ion beam patterning and oxygen etching (2006)

Ga+ focused ion beam (FIB) patterning was used to structure highly oriented pyrolytic graphite surfaces with square, periodic arrays of amorphous carbon defects (mesh sizes: 300 nm–2 µm). Controlled oxygen etching of these arrays leads to matrices of uniform, orientationally aligned, nm-sized, hexagonal holes. The properties of the resulting hole assembly (hole depths and lateral hole dimensions) have been investigated by means of atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and FIB sectioning. The hole dimensions and uniformity both depend on the FIB parameters and etching conditions. Etching temperatures from 500 to 700 °C were applied. Initial etch rates of up to 106 C s−1 per individual hole were observed when using oxygen pressures of 200 mbar. For an etch temperature of 590 °C the rate of etching of individual holes was found to depend measurably on the inter-hole separation. This confirms that the associated reaction kinetics is mediated by the finite diffusion length of reactive oxygen species along the graphite basal plane. Prolonged etching results in hole–hole contact and generation of mesa arrays of controllable size and shape.
Kinetic Curves of Malignant Lesions Are Not Consistent Across MRI Systems: Need for Improved Standardization of Breast Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI Acquisition (2009)

The kinetic curve data on malignant lesions acquired with one system showed significantly lower initial contrast uptake and a different curve shape in comparison with data acquired with the other two systems. Differences in k-space sampling, T1 weighting, and magnetization transfer effects may be explanations for the difference.
Dynamics of Molecular Motion of Nematic Liquid Crystal Confined in Cylindrical Pores (1999)

Abstract Broadband dielectric spectroscopy was applied to investigate the influence of confinement on the dynamics of dielectric modes in MBBA, dispersed in porous matrix with parallel cylindrical pores, 200 Å in diameter. Both molecular modes due to the molecular rotation around its short and long axis were observed in the pores. The confinement results in the modification of the bulk-like modes and of the temperature dependencies of the relaxation times. Two low frequency modes due to relaxation of interfacial polarization (collective mode) and reori-entational dynamics of molecules at liquid crystal-pore wall interface (surface mode) were observed. The relaxation time of the surface mode has strong glasslike temperature dependence.
Red Blood Cell Engineering in Stroma and Serum/Plasma-Free Conditions and Long Term Storage (2011)

In vitro generation of artificial red blood cells (RBCs) is very important to overcome insufficient and unsafe blood supply. Despite recent progresses in RBCs engineering from several stem cell sources, none of them could succeed in generation of functional RBCs in the absence of serum/plasma and feeder cells. Without the elimination of serum and plasma, human RBC engineering in a large scale is impossible, especially for the future bioreactor system. Using an appropriate combination of cost-effective and safe reagents, the present study demonstrated the terminal maturation of hematopoietic stem cells into enucleated RBCs, which were functional comparable to donated human RBCs. Surprisingly, the viability of erythroid cells was higher in our serum- and feeder-free culture condition than in the previous serum-added condition. This was possible by supplementation with vitamin C in media and hypothermic conditions. Also, our report firstly presents the storability of artificial RBCs, which possibility is essential for clinical application. In summary, our report demonstrates engineering of human applicable RBCs with a dramatically enhanced viability and shelf-life in both serum- and stroma-free conditions. This innovative culture technology could contribute to the realization of the large-scale pharming of human RBCs using bioreactor systems.
Adsorption of diatomic molecules on iron tape-porphyrin: A comparative study (2008)

We investigated the adsorption of diatomic molecules, CO, NO, and ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$, denoted by $X\mathrm{O}$ on iron tape-porphyrin (FeTP) using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. In this work, we present the structure and electronic properties of iron tape-porphyrin and its complexes with CO, NO, and ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$. The binding of such diatomic molecules to FeTP gave rise to significant changes on both the geometric structure and electronic properties of FeTP. We found that in all FeTP complexes with diatomic molecules, the Fe atom moves out of the porphyrin plane toward the adsorbed molecule. The energy of the iron-diatomic molecule bond increases in the order of $\mathrm{Fe}\text{\ensuremath{-}}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}(0.554\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV})<\mathrm{Fe}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{O}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}(1.225\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV})<\mathrm{Fe}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{N}\mathrm{O}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}(1.719\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV})$. At its stable position, the $\mathrm{Fe}\text{\ensuremath{-}}X\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{O}$ angle increases in the order of $\mathrm{Fe}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{C}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{O}>\mathrm{Fe}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{N}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{O}>\mathrm{Fe}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{O}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{O}$. The changes in geometric structure are in accordance with other density functional theory calculations and experimental results for porphyrin molecule. As regards the electronic properties, there appears an energy gap between the conduction band and valence band in CO-adsorbed and NO-adsorbed cases with a more pronounced energy gap in the former, while none was observed in the ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$-adsorbed case. We attribute these changes in electronic properties to the strong interaction involving the $d$ orbitals of the Fe atom and the ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{*}$ orbitals of diatomic molecules. Specifically, for the CO and NO adsorbed on FeTP cases, the change in electronic properties is attributed to the strong hybridization of ${d}_{xz}$ and ${d}_{yz}$ orbitals of the Fe atom and ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{*}$ orbitals. For ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ adsorbed on FeTP, the hybridization of the ${d}_{{z}^{2}}$ orbital of the Fe atom and ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{*}$ orbitals plays the key role in ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$--iron tape-porphyrin interaction.
Analysis of Indoor Rowing Motion using Wearable Inertial Sensors (2015)

In this exploratory work the motion of rowers is analyzed while rowing on a rowing machine. This is performed using inertial sensors that measure the orientation at several positions on the body. Using these measurements, this work provides a preliminary analysis of the differences between experienced and novice rowers, or between a good and a bad technique. The analysis shows that the measured postural angles show no clear trend that would set apart experienced and novice rowers or a bad and a good technique. However, there are clear differences in absolute postural angle's consistency and timing consistency of strokes between novice and experienced rowers. We also applied a machine learning technique to the data to find the similarities between different rowers and an experienced reference rower. The results can be used to compare the quality of the rowing technique with respect to a reference. In this paper, we present our initial results as well as the challenges that need to be further explored.
Capillary Condensation and Desorption of Binary Mixtures of N<sub>2</sub>−Ar Confined in a Mesoporous Medium (2000)

The adsorption and desorption of the binary system N2xAr1-x confined in the cylindrical 4 nm diameter pores of Vycor glass has been studied using positron annihilation spectroscopy. When the Vycor sample was suspended in the gaseous mixture, the gas−liquid and liquid−gas phase transitions of the confined fluid exhibit hysteresis which varies little with composition, indicating that the confined mixture behaves like a simple fluid. However, if bulk mixture surrounding the samples was allowed to condense, the liquid−gas transition exhibited a much larger degree of hysteresis for the mixtures, although unchanged for either pure gas. The observed behavior indicates that bulk liquid condensed around the Vycor samples is able to interact with the confined fluid, causing the confined mixture to become Ar rich.
Automated performance control in a virtual distributed storage system (2008)

Storage demand in large organizations has grown rapidly in the last few decades. In this paper, we describe Storage@desk, a new virtual distributed storage system that utilizes a large number of distributed machines to provide storage services with quality of service guarantees. We present the Storage@desk architecture and core components. The machines on which Storage@desk relies exist in an environment that is unreliable and dynamic. We utilize replication to provide high levels of availability and reliability. Our evaluation reveals that Storage@desk achieves better read and write performance compared to CIFS. As Storage@desk serves clients and applications on shared storage resources, it is crucial to ensure predictable storage access even when the workloads are unknown a priori. To this end, we take a control theoretic approach for automated performance control in Storage@desk. Given a reference value, the feedback controller is able to effectively regulate service requests to virtual storage resources under various scenarios.
Effect of beam ellipticity on self-mode locking in lasers (1993)

In the cavity of a self-mode-locked (Kerr-lens mode-locked) laser, a noncircular beam experiences a nonlinear coupling between beam parameters in the x and y planes. This coupling produces a significant change in beam radii throughout the cavity and may result in more than one TEM00 cavity mode. The dramatic nature of this effect is demonstrated with the Ti:sapphire laser as an example.
Peer Reviewed: Tandem FTMS of Large Biomolecules (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVFeaturesNEXTPeer Reviewed: Tandem FTMS of Large Biomolecules The combination of electrospray ionization and Fourier transform MS is becoming a powerful method for the structural analysis of large biomolecules. Evan R. WilliamsCite this: Anal. Chemi. 1998, 70, 5, 179A–185APublication Date (Web):June 2, 2011Publication History Published online2 June 2011Published inissue 1 March 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac981773xhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ac981773xresearch-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views104Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Local myocardial deformation computed from speckle motion (2003)

A new method is presented for computing the local myocardial deformation from two-dimensional (2-D) echocardiograms. It is based on the relationship between echocardiographic speckle motion and the underlying tissue motion. The computer algorithm follows an optical flow methodology and computes the 2-D interframe linear velocity field of the speckle pattern inside a myocardial region of interest. Each regional velocity (motion) field is then decomposed into meaningful components representing the local myocardial translation, rotation (twist), and biaxial deformation (contraction and thickening). The diagnostic potential of the method is illustrated with a clinical example. The deformation values are in close agreement with manually calculated values obtained from wall thickness and heart circumference measurements from end-diastole to end-systole.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Probiotics in the treatment of Japanese cedar pollinosis: a double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial (2006)

These results suggest the efficacy of BB536 in relieving JCPsis symptoms, probably through the modulation of Th2-skewed immune response.
Radial Basis Function Networks GPU-Based Implementation (2008)

Neural networks (NNs) have been used in several areas, showing their potential but also their limitations. One of the main limitations is the long time required for the training process; this is not useful in the case of a fast training process being required to respond to changes in the application domain. A possible way to accelerate the learning process of an NN is to implement it in hardware, but due to the high cost and the reduced flexibility of the original central processing unit (CPU) implementation, this solution is often not chosen. Recently, the power of the graphic processing unit (GPU), on the market, has increased and it has started to be used in many applications. In particular, a kind of NN named radial basis function network (RBFN) has been used extensively, proving its power. However, their limiting time performances reduce their application in many areas. In this brief paper, we describe a GPU implementation of the entire learning process of an RBFN showing the ability to reduce the computational cost by about two orders of magnitude with respect to its CPU implementation.
Clinical properties of yeast-derived versus Escherichia coli-derived granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. (1993)

Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) can be expressed in yeast, bacteria, or mammalian cells. Expression in each system results in a protein that differs, to a varying extent, from native GM-CSF. Like the native protein, yeast-expressed GM-CSF is glycosylated and has 127 amino acids, but differs from native GM-CSF in molecular mass and in the substitution of leucine for proline at position 23. GM-CSF expressed in Escherichia coli bacteria is not glycosylated, has six fewer amino acids than the native protein, and an extra methionine at position 1. A review of laboratory studies shows that these differences in physiochemical properties result in variations in the pharmacokinetics, biologic activity, and immunogenicity of GM-CSF expressed in different host cells. These variations may lead to an increased clinical toxicity with GM-CSF expressed in E coli versus that produced in yeast. A total of 32 clinical trials were reviewed to determine the relative frequency of adverse events in patients treated with GM-CSF expressed in E coli versus that expressed in yeast. In general, the median reported frequency of adverse events was higher in patients treated with E coli-derived GM-CSF. The median frequencies of fluid retention, dyspnea, fever, myalgias/bone pain/joint pain, and rash were 8.3%, 13.4%, 21.7%, 16%, and 14.3%, respectively, in patients receiving GM-CSF expressed in yeast, versus 18.4%, 55.2%, 40.7%, 28.5%, and 12.5%, respectively, in patients treated with GM-CSF expressed in E coli. Thus data in the literature support the view that the GM-CSF expression system influences the pharmacokinetic properties, biologic activity, and clinical toxicity of GM-CSF.
Osmylated DNA, a novel concept for sequencing DNA using nanopores (2015)

Saenger sequencing has led the advances in molecular biology, while faster and cheaper next generation technologies are urgently needed. A newer approach exploits nanopores, natural or solid-state, set in an electrical field, and obtains base sequence information from current variations due to the passage of a ssDNA molecule through the pore. A hurdle in this approach is the fact that the four bases are chemically comparable to each other which leads to small differences in current obstruction. 'Base calling' becomes even more challenging because most nanopores sense a short sequence and not individual bases. Perhaps sequencing DNA via nanopores would be more manageable, if only the bases were two, and chemically very different from each other; a sequence of 1s and 0s comes to mind. Osmylated DNA comes close to such a sequence of 1s and 0s. Osmylation is the addition of osmium tetroxide bipyridine across the C5-C6 double bond of the pyrimidines. Osmylation adds almost 400% mass to the reactive base, creates a sterically and electronically notably different molecule, labeled 1, compared to the unreactive purines, labeled 0. If osmylated DNA were successfully sequenced, the result would be a sequence of osmylated pyrimidines (1), and purines (0), and not of the actual nucleobases. To solve this problem we studied the osmylation reaction with short oligos and with M13mp18, a long ssDNA, developed a UV-vis assay to measure extent of osmylation, and designed two protocols. Protocol A uses mild conditions and yields osmylated thymidines (1), while leaving the other three bases (0) practically intact. Protocol B uses harsher conditions and effectively osmylates both pyrimidines, but not the purines. Applying these two protocols also to the complementary of the target polynucleotide yields a total of four osmylated strands that collectively could define the actual base sequence of the target DNA.