gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selective Growth of Vertical ZnO Nanowire Arrays Using Chemically Anchored Gold Nanoparticles (2008)

A selective growth method for ZnO vertical nanowire arrays is demonstrated using self-assembled gold nanoparticles as the growth catalyst. Gold nanoparticles functionalized with bifunctional (thiol-phosphonic acid) ligands assemble rapidly and selectively onto a patterned ZnO seed layer. Vertical ZnO nanowire arrays are grown by the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) deposition method from the ZnO seed layer through the catalytic effect of the bound gold nanoparticles. This synthesis method offers a number of advantages for producing ZnO nanowires because it permits selective placement through directed self-assembly of gold nanoparticles, enables rapid growth, eliminates vacuum deposition processing, and minimizes the amount of gold waste when compared to traditional methods that require vapor deposition of gold films.
The effect of site specific methylation on restriction endonuclease cleavage (update) (1983)

The effect of site specific methylation on restriction endonuclease cleavage (update) Get access Michael McClelland Michael McClelland Department of Molecular and Population Genetics, University of GeorgiaAthens, GA 30602, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 11, Issue 1, 11 January 1983, Page 235, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/11.1.235-c Published: 11 January 1983
Photon event distribution sampling: an image formation technique for scanning microscopes that permits tracking of sub-diffraction particles with high spatial and temporal resolutions (2010)

In photon event distribution sampling, an image formation technique for scanning microscopes, the maximum likelihood position of origin of each detected photon is acquired as a data set rather than binning photons in pixels. Subsequently, an intensity-related probability density function describing the uncertainty associated with the photon position measurement is applied to each position and individual photon intensity distributions are summed to form an image. Compared to pixel-based images, photon event distribution sampling images exhibit increased signal-to-noise and comparable spatial resolution. Photon event distribution sampling is superior to pixel-based image formation in recognizing the presence of structured (non-random) photon distributions at low photon counts and permits use of non-raster scanning patterns. A photon event distribution sampling based method for localizing single particles derived from a multi-variate normal distribution is more precise than statistical (Gaussian) fitting to pixel-based images. Using the multi-variate normal distribution method, non-raster scanning and a typical confocal microscope, localizations with 8 nm precision were achieved at 10 ms sampling rates with acquisition of ~200 photons per frame. Single nanometre precision was obtained with a greater number of photons per frame. In summary, photon event distribution sampling provides an efficient way to form images when low numbers of photons are involved and permits particle tracking with confocal point-scanning microscopes with nanometre precision deep within specimens.
Motion-compensated wavelet transform coding for color video compression (1992)

A variable-block-size multiresolution motion compensation (MRMC) scheme in which the size of a block is adapted to its level in the wavelet pyramid is proposed. This scheme not only considerably reduces the searching and matching time but also provides a meaningful characterization of the intrinsic motion structure. The variable-block-size approach also avoids the drawback of the constant-size MRMC in describing small object motion activities. After wavelet decomposition, each scaled subframe tends to have different statistical properties. An adaptive truncation process is implemented, and a bit allocation scheme similar to that in transform coding is examined. Four variations of the proposed motion-compensated wavelet video compression system are identified, and it is shown that the coding approach has a superior performance in terms of the peak-to-peak signal-to-noise ratio as well as the subjective quality.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Plant production of anti‐β‐glucan antibodies for immunotherapy of fungal infections in humans (2011)

Summary There is an increasing interest in the development of therapeutic antibodies (Ab) to improve the control of fungal pathogens, but none of these reagents is available for clinical use. We previously described a murine monoclonal antibody (mAb 2G8) targeting β‐glucan, a cell wall polysaccharide common to most pathogenic fungi, which conferred significant protection against Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus and Cryptococcus neoformans in animal models. Transfer of this wide‐spectrum, antifungal mAb into the clinical setting would allow the control of most frequent fungal infections in many different categories of patients. To this aim, two chimeric mouse–human Ab derivatives from mAb 2G8, in the format of complete IgG or scFv‐Fc, were generated, transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana plants and purified from leaves with high yields (approximately 50 mg Ab/kg of plant tissues). Both recombinant Abs fully retained the β‐glucan‐binding specificity and the antifungal activities of the cognate murine mAb against C. albicans . In fact, they recognized preferentially β1,3‐linked glucan molecules present at the fungal cell surface and directly inhibited the growth of C. albicans and its adhesion to human epithelial cells in vitro . In addition, both the IgG and the scFv‐Fc promoted C. albicans killing by isolated, human polymorphonuclear neutrophils in ex vivo assays and conferred significant antifungal protection in animal models of systemic or vulvovaginal C. albicans infection. These recombinant Abs represent valuable molecules for developing novel, plant‐derived immunotherapeutics against candidiasis and, possibly, other fungal diseases.
Oligomerization of TAS2R Bitter Taste Receptors (2010)

A family of 25 G protein-coupled receptors, TAS2Rs, mediates bitter taste in humans. Many of the members of this family are coexpressed in a subpopulation of taste receptor cells on the tongue, thereby allowing the possibility of receptor-receptor interactions with potential influences on their function. In this study, we used several experimental approaches to investigate whether TAS2Rs can form oligomers and if this has an effect on receptor function. Coimmunoprecipitations clearly demonstrated that TAS2Rs can physically interact in HEK293T cells. Further bioluminescence resonance energy transfer analysis of all 325 possible binary combinations of TAS2Rs established that the vast majority of TAS2R pairs form oligomers, both homomers and heteromers. Subsequent screenings of coexpressed bitter receptors with 104 different tastants did not reveal any heteromer-specific agonists. Additional studies also showed no obvious influence of TAS2R hetero-oligomerization on plasma membrane localization or pharmacological properties of the receptors. Thus, our results show that receptor oligomerization occurs between TAS2R bitter taste receptors; however, functional consequences of hetero-oligomerization were not obvious.
Electrochemical Study of the High Silver Density Phase Ag4V2O6F2 for Primary Lithium Batteries (2007)

Abstract not Available.
Fluoromethylcyclopropylamine derivatives as potential in vivo toxicophores – A cautionary disclosure (2019)

Fluorination of metabolic hotspots in a molecule is a common medicinal chemistry strategy to improve in vivo half-life and exposure and, generally, this strategy offers significant benefits. Here, we report the application of this strategy to a series of poly-ADP ribose glycohydrolase (PARG) inhibitors, resulting in unexpected in vivo toxicity which was attributed to this single-atom modification.
A device for cutting a web of material (2015)

A device for cutting a web (2) of material comprises movement means (3) for moving a web (2) of material to be cut, defining a feed path (P) for the web (2) at least partly rotatable about a central axis (A) and equipped with at least one conveyor (4) mounted around the central axis (A), at least one cutting head (7) equipped with a laser source (7a) and an optical system (7b) configured to direct the laser beam (F) towards a cutting zone (Z), where the optical system (7b) of the cutting head (7) comprises at least one directing member (8) located inside the conveyor (4) to direct the laser beam (F) away from the central axis (A) towards the cutting zone (Z).
Burst detection by parity check matrix of LDPC code for perpendicular magnetic recording using bit-patterned medium (2008)

In this paper, a burst detection scheme using a parity check matrix of LDPC code is described for the perpendicular magnetic recording using a bit-pattered medium. It is assumed that the burst-like bit-flipping occurs due to missing the write synchronization. The phenomenon cannot be detected as a signal decay and significantly degrades the performance of the LDPC coding and iterative decoding system. Therefore, a good alternative detector is required in order to keep the performance. The LDPC coding and iterative decoding system is evaluated by the computer simulation in a perpendicular magnetic recording channel using a bit-patterned medium with the burst-like bit-flipping. It is clarified that the LDPC coding and iterative decoding system with a burst detector has the resistance to a burst-like bit-flipping of 200 bits.
Efficient Speaker Detection via Target Dependent Data Reduction (2006)

Systems designed to extract time-critical information from large volumes of unstructured data must include the ability, both from an architectural and algorithmic point of view, to filter out unimportant data that might otherwise overwhelm the available resources. This paper presents an approach for data filtering to reduce computation in the context of a distributed speech processing architecture designed to detect or identify speakers. Here, filtering means either dropping and ignoring data or passing it on for further processing. The goal of the paper is to show that when the filter is designed to select and pass on a subset of the input data that best preserves the ability to recognize a specific desired speaker, or group of speakers, a large percentage of the data can be ignored while being able to preserve most of the accuracy
An Extended Query Performance Prediction Framework Utilizing Passage-Level Information (2018)

We show that document-level post-retrieval query performance prediction (QPP) methods are mostly suited for short query prediction tasks; such methods perform significantly worse in verbose (long and informative) query prediction settings. To address the prediction quality gap among query lengths, we propose a novel passage-level post-retrieval QPP framework. Our empirical analysis demonstrates that, those QPP methods that utilize passage-level information are much better suited for verbose QPP settings. Moreover, our proposed predictors, which utilize both document-level and passage-level information provide a more robust prediction which is less sensitive to query length.
High potency dipeptide sweeteners. 1. L-Aspartyl-D-phenylglycine esters (1990)

Twenty esters of L-aspartyl-D-phenylglycine, as well as two substituted analogues, an o-fluoro and a p-hydroxy-phenylglycine ester, were prepared. The L-aspartyl-D-phenylglycine (-)-alpha- and (+)-beta-fenchyl esters had the highest sweetness potency at 1200 and 3700 times that of sucrose, respectively. The high potency of these sweeteners is surprising as the phenyl group occupies a position previously believed to accommodate only much smaller groups.
Eliminating π-cell artifacts (2000)

StereoGraphics Corporation introduced the push-pull ZScreen using (pi) -cell technology for direct viewing of stereoscopic images on monitors in 1987. A version of the push-pull product continues to be manufactured for use in conjunction with high-end CRT based projectors. In 1998, we reintroduced a (pi) -cell modulator, of a different design, which is intended for use with a CRT based monitor image.
Linear analysis of closed-loop field conjugation by decentralized multi-conjugate adaptive optics (2007)

Imaging through turbulence using adaptive optics (AO) is limited by scintillation, even with perfect wavefront sensing and reconstruction. Such errors can be mitigated in closed loop by multi-conjugate AO systems consisting of two phase correctors, each of which is driven by a pair of wavefront sensor phase measurements, along with an internal probe beam that samples the beam train along a common path while propagating in the opposite direction as the external signal beam or beacon wavefront that samples the turbulence. Such decentralized architectures avoid not only direct measurement and feedback of irradiance but also intensive and/or highly coupled nonlinear control algorithms in favor of simpler, more conventional linear control laws. They also admit linear dynamical-systems modeling in the spatial-frequency domain. In this framework, coupled scintillation and servo-lag wave correction errors induced by turbulence are here predicted parametrically by scalably filtering and numerically integrating power spectral density profiles. The role of regularization is explored, and comparisons to previous nonlinear wave-optic simulation results are made.
Sound-deadening and vibration-absorbing β′-martensite type aluminum-bronze alloy (1990)

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FPGA device and architecture evaluation considering process variations (2005)

Process variations in nanometer technologies are becoming an important issue for cutting-edge FPGAs with a multi-million gate capacity. Considering both die-to-die and within-die variations in effective channel length, threshold voltage, and gate oxide thickness, we first develop closed-form models of leakage and timing variations at the FPGA chip level. Experiments show that our models are within 3% from Monte Carlo simulation, and the leakage and delay variations can be up to 3/spl times/ and 1.9/spl times/, respectively. We then derive analytical yield models considering both leakage and timing variations, and use such models to evaluate FPGA device and architecture under process variations. Compared to the architecture similar to a commercial FPGA and device setting from ITRS roadmap, device tuning alone improves leakage yield by 39% and architecture and device co-optimization increases leakage yield by 73%. We also show that LUT size 4 gives the highest leakage yield, LUT size 7 gives the highest timing yield, but LUT size 5 achieves the maximum combined leakage and timing yield. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first in-depth study on FPGA device and architecture co-evaluation considering process variations.
Performance of multiwavelength simultaneous monitoring circuit employing arrayed-waveguide grating (1996)

This paper proposes a novel multiwavelength simultaneous monitoring (MSM) circuit that uses the wavelength crossover properties of an arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG). The MSM circuit consists of an AWG, a stabilized semiconductor laser as a reference light, and logarithmic amplifiers. The AWG chip is a simple planar-lightwave-circuit chip. It functions as multiple optical filters, and make it possible to monitor multiple wavelengths simultaneously. The MSM circuit, locked to the reference wavelength produced by a semiconductor laser stabilized to the 1547.49 mn /sup 13/C/sub 2/H/sub 2/ absorption line, achieved 10 MHz resolution and 30 MHz stability for 24 h in the stable polarization state. Measurement accuracy of better than 1.1 GHz can be realized even if the state of polarization of the input light fluctuates at random. Multiwavelength simultaneous monitoring is successfully demonstrated using tunable lasers.
Recent breakthroughs in hollow core fiber technology (2020)

Flexible dielectric optical fibers guiding light in a hollow core were conceptually imagined at the end of the 19 th century, but first demonstrated in practice about 2 decades ago. Since then, many geometric variants have been described and implemented, and theoretical models developed and finessed. Despite this, for a fairly long time the key metric by which their performance was judged -attenuation -has remained quite considerably higher than standard all-glass fibers. In this paper, we describe the recent breakthroughs in hollow core fiber technology. We trace the story of this breakthrough from the theoretical exploration of a new design of hollow core fiber, through early implementations, up to the staggering results achieved over the last 18 months. The progress reported concerns not only a reduction in the fiber attenuation level, but also a considerable improvement in modal quality of the fibers, which have led to excellent data transmission performance. These fabricated fibers tell a story of improvements in all aspects of the technology, including preform preparation, performance modelling, fiber draw dynamics and coatings.
LRAD surface monitors. [Long-Range Alpha-Detection (LRAD)] (1993)

The long-range alpha-detection (LRAD) technique depends on the detection of ion pairs generated by alpha particles losing energy in air, rather than on detection of the alpha particles themselves. Typical alpha particles generated by uranium or plutonium travel < 3 cm in air. In contrast, the ions have been successfully detected many inches or feet away from the contamination. Since LRAD detection systems are sensitive to all ions simultaneously, large LRAD surface monitors can be used to collect all of the ions from a large area. The LRAD surface monitors are designed around the fan-less LRAD detector. In this case, a five-sided box with an open bottom is placed on the soil surface. Ions generated by alpha decays on the soil surface are collected on a charged copper plate within the box. These ions create a small current from the plate to ground, which is monitored with a sensitive electrometer. The current measured is proportional to the number of ions in the box, which is, in turn, proportional to the amount of alpha contamination on the surface of the soil. This report includes the design, construction, and testing of two types of soil surface monitors.
Multi-Object Tracking Using Online Metric Learning with Long Short-Term Memory (2018)

The capacity to model temporal dependency by Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) makes it a plausible selection for the multi-object tracking (MOT) problem. Due to the nonlinear transformations and the unique memory mechanism, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) can consider a window of history when learning discriminative features, which suggests that the LSTM is suitable for state estimation of target objects as they move around. This paper focuses on association based MOT, and we propose a novel Siamese LSTM Network to interpret both temporal and spatial components nonlinearly by learning the feature of trajectories, and outputs the similarity score of two trajectories for data association. In addition, we also introduce an online metric learning scheme to update the state estimation of each trajectory dynamically. Experimental evaluation on MOT16 benchmark shows that the proposed method achieves competitive performance compared with other state-of-the-art works.
Precision manipulator heating and cooling assembly compatible with sample transfer (1982)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation R. A. Outlaw, B. T. Baugh; Precision manipulator heating and cooling assembly compatible with sample transfer. Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology 1 November 1982; 21 (4): 1037–1038. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.571859 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAVS: Science & Technology of Materials Interfaces and ProcessingJournal of Vacuum Science and Technology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
The Expansion of Heterotopic Bone in Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva Is Activin A-Dependent (2017)

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder that is characterized by episodic yet cumulative heterotopic ossification (HO) in skeletal muscles, tendons, and ligaments over a patient's lifetime. FOP is caused by missense mutations in the type I bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor ACVR1. We have determined that the formation of heterotopic bone in FOP requires activation of mutant ACVR1 by Activin A, in part by showing that prophylactic inhibition of Activin A blocks HO in a mouse model of FOP. Here we piece together a natural history of developing HO lesions in mouse FOP, and determine where in the continuum of HO Activin A is required, using imaging (T2-MRI, μCT, <sup>18</sup> F-NaF PET/CT, histology) coupled with pharmacologic inhibition of Activin A at different times during the progression of HO. First, we show that expansion of HO lesions comes about through growth and fusion of independent HO events. These events tend to arise within a neighborhood of existing lesions, indicating that already formed HO likely triggers the formation of new events. The process of heterotopic bone expansion appears to be dependent on Activin A because inhibition of this ligand suppresses the growth of nascent HO lesions and stops the emergence of new HO events. Therefore, our results reveal that Activin A is required at least up to the point when nascent HO lesions mineralize and further demonstrate the therapeutic utility of Activin A inhibition in FOP. These results provide evidence for a model where HO is triggered by inflammation but becomes "self-propagating" by a process that requires Activin A. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research Published by Wiley Periodicals Inc.