gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ribociclib as First-Line Therapy for HR-Positive, Advanced Breast Cancer (2016)

Among patients receiving initial systemic treatment for HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer, the duration of progression-free survival was significantly longer among those receiving ribociclib plus letrozole than among those receiving placebo plus letrozole, with a higher rate of myelosuppression in the ribociclib group. (Funded by Novartis Pharmaceuticals; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01958021 .).
2-Deoxypentoses. Stereoselective reduction of ketene dithioacetals (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT2-Deoxypentoses. Stereoselective reduction of ketene dithioacetalsMargaret Y. H. Wong and Gary R. GrayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 11, 3548–3553Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00479a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00479a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views801Altmetric-Citations82LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
AIOPS Prediction for Hard Drive Failures Based on Stacking Ensemble Model (2020)

This paper mainly shares a successful Artificial Intelligence for IT Operations (AIOps) solution we have built for a cloud storage array to deal with unbalanced hard disk failure data and predict disk failure. Firstly, we preprocessed the unbalanced disk data to filter out irrelevant raw data. Based on SMART (Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology) attributes, we extracted 14 preliminary attributes as training features for disk failure prediction. Secondly, we used a feature extraction library called Tsfresh and 16 extraction methods to regenerate more than 1500 features. To accelerate machine learning process, we used the Benjamini Yekutieli procedure with a significance test to select the most relevant features. Since a single predictive model no longer performs sufficiently well on the unbalanced dataset, we finally input the prediction results calculated by three algorithms(XGBoost classification, LSTM classification, and XGBoost regression) as new features input of a stacking ensemble learning model that can generate more stable and accurate prediction results. The experimental results showed that the proposed stacking ensemble learning model can accurately predict the disk failure and necessity of disk replacement 0 to 14 days, 14 to 42 days and more days in advance.
Crystal structures of fibronectin-binding sites from <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> FnBPA in complex with fibronectin domains (2008)

Staphylococcus aureus can adhere to and invade endothelial cells by binding to the human protein fibronectin (Fn). FnBPA and FnBPB, cell wall-attached proteins from S. aureus, have multiple, intrinsically disordered, high-affinity binding repeats (FnBRs) for Fn. Here, 30 years after the first report of S. aureus/Fn interactions, we present four crystal structures that together comprise the structures of two complete FnBRs, each in complex with four of the N-terminal modules of Fn. Each approximately 40-residue FnBR forms antiparallel strands along the triple-stranded beta-sheets of four sequential F1 modules ((2-5)F1) with each FnBR/(2-5)F1 interface burying a total surface area of approximately 4,300 A(2). The structures reveal the roles of residues conserved between S. aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes FnBRs and show that there are few linker residues between FnBRs. The ability to form large intermolecular interfaces with relatively few residues has been proposed to be a feature of disordered proteins, and S. aureus/Fn interactions provide an unusual illustration of this efficiency.
Sentence ordering in multidocument summarization (2001)

The problem of organizing information for multidocument summarization so that the generated summary is coherent has received relatively little attention. In this paper, we describe two naive ordering techniques and show that they do not perform well. We present an integrated strategy for ordering information, combining constraints from chronological order of events and cohesion. This strategy was derived from empirical observations based on experiments asking humans to order information. Evaluation of our augmented algorithm shows a significant improvement of the ordering over the two naive techniques we used as baseline.
Artificial Esophagus With Peristaltic Movement (2005)

In this study, we have developed an artificial esophagus simulating peristaltic movement with the use of a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy (NiTi-SMA) actuator. Serial pairs of NiTi-SMAs were placed around a Gore-Tex vascular graft in a helical position such that they obliterated the lumen of the vessel when they contracted. In an animal experiment using a goat, the cervical esophagus was resected over a length of approximately 20 cm. The artificial esophagus was anastomosed with the remaining cervical esophagus. When a direct current of 500 mA at 5 V was applied to the NiTi-SMAs, the first pair of the NiTi-SMA contracted. The following pairs of the NiTi-SMAs contracted consecutively. The entire contraction of the artificial esophagus was similar to the esophageal peristaltic movement observed by x-ray examination in humans. The results showed the possibility that the artificial esophagus could function as an artificial esophagus having peristaltic movement.
Respiratory metabolism during cold storage of apple fruit. II. Alternative oxidase is induced at the climacteric (1999)

Changes in mitochondrial respiration were investigated during cold storage of apple fruit ( Malus domestica Borkh. cv. Reinette du Canada). Postharvest calcium treatment of the apples had no effect on the aspects of mitochondrial metabolism studied, suggesting that the role of calcium in fruit ripening is not related to respiration. A transient increase in mitochondrial oxidative capacity occurred during storage around day 80 after harvest. This climacteric burst was associated with an enhanced capacity of the alternative pathway, but not of the cytochrome pathway. The major factor determining this rise in alternative pathway capacity at the climacteric was the transient increase in the amount of alternative oxidase (AOX) protein. Antibodies raised against the Sauromatum guttatum enzyme recognized a reduced form product of ampproximately 37 kDa and a 67‐kDa band corresponding to the oxidized form of the protein. During cold storage of the apple fruit, alternative pathway capacity correlated with the levels of the AOX and was ampparently not dependent on major changes in the oxidation state of the enzyme. This is the first work to report that the respiratory climacteric and the induction of AOX are tightly and temporally linked.
A new two-stage object detection network without RoI-Pooling (2018)

Two-stage object detection networks often propose a set of candidate boxes in the first stage, and then fine- tune the boxes in the second stage. The original two-stage object detection methods mostly process the features among the candidate boxes in the picture by RoI-Pooling [3]. Due to the overlaps of the candidate boxes proposed in the first stage, the calculation of the second stage is repetitive and the single-frame detection is slow. RoI-Pooling also makes the features of the elongated shape deformed. In this paper, we present a new two-step object detection network, called Spatial Alignment Network(SAN), which does not use the RoI-Pooling layer and reduces the computational repeatability of the second stage. We also use atrous convolution for the network fine-tuning. Our network has a competitive result, and faster than the original two-stage detectors.
All-Fiber Mode-Locked Ring Laser With a Sagnac Filter (2011)

We present an ytterbium-doped all-fiber all-normal-dispersion laser with a Sagnac filter. The Sagnac filter facilitates the all-fiber configuration without bulk filtering components. In addition, the bandwidth, central wavelength, and modulation depth can be tuned easily by controlling the length of the polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber and polarization controllers in the Sagnac loop. All these properties are independent of the polarization state of the pulses. Stable mode-locked pulses are obtained in this laser with a pulse energy of 3.5 nJ.
Formation of Heterogeneous Polymer Films via Simultaneous or Sequential Depositions of Soluble and Insoluble Monomers onto Ionic Liquids (2013)

In this paper, we studied the formation of heterogeneous polymer films on ionic liquid (IL) substrates via the simultaneous or sequential depositions of monomers that are either soluble or insoluble in the liquid. We found that the insoluble monomer 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate (PFDA) only polymerizes at the IL surface, while the soluble monomer ethylene glycol diacrylate (EGDA) can polymerize at both the IL surface and within the bulk liquid. The polymer chains that form within the bulk liquid entrap IL as they integrate into the polymer film formed at the IL surface, resulting in heterogeneous films that contain IL on the bottom side. Varying the order in which the soluble and insoluble monomers were introduced into the system led to different film structures. When the insoluble monomer was introduced first, a film formed at the surface and the soluble monomer then diffused through this film and polymerized within the bulk, leading to a sandwich structure. When the soluble monomer was introduced first, a layered film was formed whose structure followed the order in which the monomers were introduced. When the two monomers were introduced simultaneously, the soluble monomer polymerized in the bulk while a copolymer film formed at the surface. This study provides an understanding of how to control the composition of layered polymer films deposited onto IL substrates in order to develop new composite materials for separation and electrochemical applications.
Persistent Toll-like receptor 7 stimulation induces behavioral and molecular innate immune tolerance (2019)

Toll-like receptors 7 and 8 (TLR7 and TLR8) are endosomal pattern recognition receptors that detect a variety of single-stranded RNA species. While TLR7/8 agonists have robust therapeutic potential, clinical utility of these agents is limited by sickness responses associated with treatment induction. To understand the kinetics and mechanism of these responses, we characterized the acute and chronic effects of TLR7 stimulation. Single-cell RNA-sequencing studies, RNAscope, and radiolabeled in situ hybridization demonstrate that central nervous system gene expression of TLR7 is exclusive to microglia. In vitro studies demonstrate that microglia are highly sensitive to TLR7 stimulation, and respond in a dose-dependent manner to the imidazoquinoline R848. In vivo, both intraperitoneal (IP) and intracerebroventricular (ICV) R848 induce acute sickness responses including hypophagia, weight loss, and decreased voluntary locomotor activity, associated with increased CNS pro-inflammatory gene expression and changes to glial morphology. However, chronic daily IP R848 resulted in rapid tachyphylaxis of behavioral and molecular manifestations of illness. In microglial in vitro assays, pro-inflammatory transcriptional responses rapidly diminished in the context of repeated R848. In addition to TLR7 desensitization, we found that microglia become partially refractory to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) following R848 pretreatment, associated with induction of negative regulators A20 and Irak3. Similarly, mice pre-treated with R848 demonstrate reduced sickness responses, hypothalamic inflammation, and hepatic inflammation in response to LPS. These data combined demonstrate that TLR7 stimulation induces acute behavioral and molecular evidence of sickness responses. Following prolonged dosing, R848 induces a refractory state to both TLR7 and TLR4 activation, consistent with induced immune tolerance.
Coloured Rippling: An Extension of a Theorem Proving Heuristic (1994)

. Rippling is a type of rewriting developed in inductive theorem proving for removing differences between terms; the induction conclusion is annotated to mark its differences from the induction hypothesis and rippling attempts to move these differences. Until now rippling has been primarily employed in proofs where there is a single induction hypothesis. This paper describes an extension to rippling to deal with theorems with multiple hypotheses. Such theorems arise, for instance, when reasoning about data-structures like trees with multiple recursive arguments. The essential idea is to colour the annotation, with each colour corresponding to a different hypothesis. The annotation of rewrite rules used in rippling is similarly generalized so that rules propagate colours through terms. This annotation guides search so that rewrite rules are only applied if they reduce the differences between the conclusion and some of the hypotheses. We have tested this implementation on a number of pro...
A Review of the Potential Benefits of Pentoxifylline in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Proteinuria (2011)

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) as a considerable health problem may have proteinuria as the main complication and strong risk factor to reach end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Decreasing proteinuria is the mainstay of therapy in order to delay the progression of CKD. Current therapeutic regimens provide only partial renoprotection, and a substantial number of patients who have proteinuria progress to ESRD. Pentoxifylline (PTF) is known for its potent inhibitory effects against cell proliferation and inflammation which play important roles in CKD progression. Data derived from both human studies and animal models demonstrated that PTF has broad-spectrum renoprotective effects and therefore, provide a scientific basis for the use of PTF as an anti-proteinuric agent. Conclusion of this review is that short-term use of PTF may produce a significant reduction of proteinuria in subjects with diabetic and also non-diabetic kidney diseases but the reports of long-term use of PTF also show that urinary protein excretion exhibits a progressive and sustained reduction in patients treated with PTF. Whether the long-term use of PTF could be a pharmacological alternative for delaying or preventing the development of end stage renal disease, is among the questions that remained to be appropriately answered in large-scale clinical trials.
Measured dynamic linewidth properties of a 1.5-μm DFB-GRIN rod coupled-cavity laser under direct high-frequency modulation (1986)

A coherent optical system offers two advantages over the conventional system with Intensity modulation and direct detection. First, the receiver sensitivity may approach the shot-noise limit; and, second, the much greater frequency selectivity may allow more channels to be transmitted at close wavelength separation than by conventional wavelength multiplexing in direct detection systems. The frequency selectivity is specially suitable for applications in the local access and exchange networks. Optical sources used in such coherent systems, however, require narrower linewidth and greater frequency stability than that normally exhibited in a solitary semiconductor laser. Various schemes to reduce the linewidth of a semiconductor laser have been demonstrated.1–3 Recently, we reported4 a new coupled-cavity laser consisting of a distributed feedback laser (DFB) coupled to a graded-index rod (GRIN rod). Use of the DFB laser has improved the frequency stability over that of the cleaved-coupled cavity (C3 ) laser previously investigated.3 The linewidth of the new coupled-cavity laser is comparable to or narrower than that obtained with a C3 laser. We report, for the first time, the dynamic linewidth properties of the DFB-GRIN-rod external coupled-cavity (DFB-GRECC) laser under direct high-frequency modulation by the injection current. The implication of the results for its application in a FSK system is discussed.
Shape selection in chiral ribbons: from seed pods to supramolecular assemblies (2014)

We provide a geometric-mechanical model for calculating equilibrium configurations of chemical systems that self-assemble into chiral ribbon structures. The model is based on incompatible elasticity and uses dimensionless parameters to determine the equilibrium configurations. As such, it provides universal curves for the shape and energy of self-assembled ribbons. We provide quantitative predictions for the twisted-to-helical transition, which was observed experimentally in many systems, and demonstrate it with synthetic ribbons made of responsive gels. In addition, we predict the bi-stability of wide ribbons and also show how geometrical frustration can cause arrest of ribbon widening. Finally, we show that the model's predictions provide explanations for experimental observations in different chemical systems.
Predicting melting points of quaternary ammonium ionic liquidsElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: training sets B and C. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/gc/b3/b301217d/ (2003)

A melting point at or below ambient temperature is an essential property of ionic liquids being considered as non-volatile replacement solvents. Here we use the Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship (QSPR) method to correlate and predict the melting points of organic salts based on the quaternary ammonium cation. For a set of 75 tetraalkyl-ammonium bromides, a correlation with R2 = 0.790 is created, and for a set of 34 (n-hydroxyalkyl)-trialkyl-ammonium bromides, two correlations are created with R2 = 0.716 and R2 = 0.766. Descriptors used in the correlations are analyzed to determine structural features that lower melting point, and melting points are predicted for salts that incorporate these features.
Transverse Anderson localization of light: a tutorial review (2015)

This tutorial review gives an overview of the transverse Anderson localization of light in one and two transverse dimensions. A pedagogical approach is followed throughout the presentation, where many aspects of localization are illustrated by means of a few simple models. The tutorial starts with some basic aspects of random matrix theory, and light propagation through and reflection from a random stack of dielectric slabs. Transverse Anderson localization of light in one- and two-dimensional coupled waveguide arrays is subsequently established and discussed. Recent experimental observations of localization and image transport in disordered optical fibers are discussed. More advanced topics, such as hyper-transport in longitudinally varying disordered waveguides, the impact of nonlinearity, and propagation of partially coherent and quantum light, are also examined.
[Syntheses of human little gastrin-I and its leucine-15, norleucine-15 and methoxinine-15 analogs]. (1983)

Human little gastrin-I is known to exhibit a high tendency to air-oxidation of its methionine-15 residue to the corresponding S-oxide derivative, with concomitant loss of biological activity. Since its leucine-15 analog, even if fully biologically active, differs significantly from the parent hormone in the immunological properties, the norleucine-15 and methoxinine-15 analogues were synthetized. For the required comparative analyses new syntheses of human little gastrin-I and of its leucine-15 analog were additionally elaborated. Upon an optimized condensation of the fragments, followed by the deprotection step, partition chromatography as well as preparative high-performance liquid chromatography led to the desired gastrins in satisfactory yields and high degree of purity as judged by the expected and known side products.
<i>In vitro</i>anti-quorum sensing activity of phytol (2014)

Anti-quorum sensing activity of the diterpene phytol was evaluated in vitro for the first time. This compound (at three sub-MIC concentrations - 0.5, 0.25 and 0.125 MIC, respectively) reduced the formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm in the range of 74.00-84.33% exhibiting higher activity than the both positive controls used, streptomycin and ampicillin. Phytol (0.5 MIC) also effectively reduced P. aeruginosa twitching and flagella motility. Indeed, the bacteria treated were incapable of producing a twitching zone and had almost round, smooth and regular colony edges. Finally, the tested compound (0.5 MIC) exhibited good P. aeruginosa pyocyanin inhibitory activity (51.94%) practically to the same extent as streptomycin (52.09%). According to the experimental data obtained, this phytol property may inspire design of medical foods targeting P. aeruginosa quorum sensing activity.
Insulin-like growth factor actions during development of neural stem cells and progenitors in the central nervous system (2005)

Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) plays a key role in normal development. Recent studies show that IGF-I exerts a wide variety actions in the central nervous system during development as well as in adulthood. This report reviews recent developments on IGF-I actions and its mechanisms in the central nervous system, with a focus on its actions during the development of neural stem cells and progenitors. Available data strongly indicate that IGF-I shortens the length of the cell cycle in neuron progenitors during embryonic life and has an influence on the growth of all neural cell types. The phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways seem to be the predominant mediators of IGF-I-stimulated neural cell proliferation and survival. IGF-I actions, however, likely depend on cell type, developmental stage, and microenvironmental milieu.
CrowdBC: A Blockchain-Based Decentralized Framework for Crowdsourcing (2018)

Crowdsourcing systems which utilize the human intelligence to solve complex tasks have gained considerable interest and adoption in recent years. However, the majority of existing crowdsourcing systems rely on central servers, which are subject to the weaknesses of traditional trust-based model, such as single point of failure. They are also vulnerable to distributed denial of service (DDoS) and Sybil attacks due to malicious users involvement. In addition, high service fees from the crowdsourcing platform may hinder the development of crowdsourcing. How to address these potential issues has both research and substantial value. In this paper, we conceptualize a blockchain-based decentralized framework for crowdsourcing named CrowdBC, in which a requester's task can be solved by a crowd of workers without relying on any third trusted institution, users' privacy can be guaranteed and only low transaction fees are required. In particular, we introduce the architecture of our proposed framework, based on which we give a concrete scheme. We further implement a software prototype on Ethereum public test network with real-world dataset. Experiment results show the feasibility, usability, and scalability of our proposed crowdsourcing system.