gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
5G MEC Gateway System Design and Application in Industrial Communication (2020)

In industrial production, mass data transmission and processing are required with an increase in production data, which causes large-scale and complicated wiring in the manufacturing industry. However, it is difficult to achieve improved performance through traditional wireless communication technologies. 5G, a leading communication technology, with its Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (uRLLC) combined with Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC), provides huge potential for the service with requirements for higher bandwidth, lower latency, and more computation. The Local Area Network type (LAN-type) Service supported by the 5G system reduces the net distance, which further decreases latency and provides data security. Based on this, in this paper, a 5G MEC gateway system is proposed to realize local wireless communication in a factory. The gateway system includes an intranet Address Resolution Mechanism, which is designed to resolve User Equipment IP addresses, a MEC server, which acts as a switch for packets broadcasting, and network tunnels, which are established between gateways to transmit data in the 5G LAN. In addition, the implemented testbed includes Raspberry Pi, which acts as the gateway, and the OpenVPN server, which runs in the MEC. Finally, two cases are shown to transfer Profinet and OPC UA data with this system.
A Stereospecific Synthesis of β-Glycosides of <i>N</i>-Acetylneuraminic Acid and Secondary Alcohols (1986)

Abstract Glycosylation of secondary alcohols such as cholesterol, methyl 2,4,6-tri-O-benzylgalactopyranoside, and 2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro-NeuAc methyl ester with a new glycosyl donor, 2β,3α-dibromo-2-deoxy-NeuAc methyl ester, selectively gave the corresponding β-glycosides in high yields. The 3α-bromo-glycosides were debrominated with tri-n-butylstannane to the corresponding glycosides, which were deprotected to give the free glycosides having a β-NeuAc.
Dynamical binary latent variable models for 3D human pose tracking (2010)

We introduce a new class of probabilistic latent variable model called the Implicit Mixture of Conditional Restricted Boltzmann Machines (imCRBM) for use in human pose tracking. Key properties of the imCRBM are as follows: (1) learning is linear in the number of training exemplars so it can be learned from large datasets; (2) it learns coherent models of multiple activities; (3) it automatically discovers atomic “movemes” and (4) it can infer transitions between activities, even when such transitions are not present in the training set. We describe the model and how it is learned and we demonstrate its use in the context of Bayesian filtering for multi-view and monocular pose tracking. The model handles difficult scenarios including multiple activities and transitions among activities. We report state-of-the-art results on the HumanEva dataset.
A Lead(II)-Driven DNA Molecular Device for Turn-On Fluorescence Detection of Lead(II) Ion with High Selectivity and Sensitivity (2010)

A Pb(2+)-driven DNA molecular device which is constructed based on a DNA duplex-quadruplex exchange is utilized for the highly selective and sensitive detection of Pb(2+). The power of this DNA device originates from the excellent efficiency of Pb(2+) for stabilizing G-quadruplexes, which makes the DNA duplex unwind thereby driving the device. This device can be reset to the original state by addition of a strong Pb(2+) chelator DOTA, endowing the device with good reusability. In the whole process, the signal readout is modulated via a fluorescent probe binding to and being released from the G-quadruplex. Such a DNA device can serve as a novel turn-on fluorescent sensor for Pb(2+) detection with high selectivity and sensitivity.
A new analytical model of the "Bird's beak" (1987)

The numerical simulation of technological processes is very important for the fabrication of integrated circuits. The authors have developed the two-dimensional simulator OSIRIS allowing the simulation of ion implantation and redistribution of dopants in silicon. An original analytical model for oxide growth has been developed that gives very good simulation of the "bird's beak" of SEMIROX structures. As an example, a complete simulation of an n-channel MOS device is presented with the redistribution impurity profiles and the oxide layer shape at the end of the process.
VORTEX FORMATION IN PLUNGING BREAKER (1986)

By a flow visualization of a plunging breaker on 1/20 slope beach in a wave tank, an existence of 2nd and 3rd horizontal vortices(Miller, 1976) and slanting vortex (Nadaoka et al., 1986) is confirmed. A MAC method is applied to simulate a violent motion after an impinging of a jet from a crest of a plunging breaker on the trough surface. The calculated maximum water particle velocity in the jet is found to reach three times the linear long wave celerity. Values of circulation of the first four horizontal vortices are calculated and their changes in time are discussed.
Radio access technology selection in heterogeneous wireless networks based on service type and user mobility (2011)

In this paper a new algorithm based on serviced type and user mobility for radio access technology selection in heterogeneous wireless networks is proposed. Numerical method based on two-dimensional Markov chain is used to evaluate performances of the proposed algorithm. Furthermore, the performances of the proposed algorithm are compared in regard to pure mobility based and “if WLAN coverage” RAT selection algorithms. A performance analysis shows that RAT selection algorithm based on multiple criteria, like user mobility and service type, shows better overall performances compared to single criteria based RAT selection algorithms, like pure mobility and “if WLAN coverage” algorithms.
End-to-End Deep Image Matting Platform (2019)

Image matting is a basic feature in most of image quality improvement applications and is considered as a fundamental problem in the computer vision field. In this paper, an End-to-End Image Matting Platform is proposed to segment the foreground and background by creating an alpha matte image. My end-to-end image matting algorithm is a learning based network which contains two stages. The first stage is to create a tri-map image from an RGB image using segmentation neural network where tri-map images are used to locate the expected foreground objects with rough outlines. The second stage is an image matting neural network, and it takes the outputs from the first stage as prior knowledge to predict precise alpha matte images. With the help of image matting formula and the outputs from the second stage, contents in an RGB image can be easily split into foreground and background. I applied both training and evaluating on Adobe matting benchmark and Car Media 2.0's car oriented image matting dataset, and the outcomes demonstrated the convenience and superior performance of our algorithm compared to existing state of the art methods. This paper put forward a web platform structure to integrate deep learning algorithms. I applied multiple strategies to enhance the performance of the platform. By using this platform, multiple users can work with different deep learning applications at the same time which dramatically increases the efficiency of the server usage.
Conductive Metal–Organic Framework Nanowire Array Electrodes for High‐Performance Solid‐State Supercapacitors (2017)

The application of conventional metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as electrode materials in supercapacitors is largely hindered by their conventionally poor electrical conductivity. This study reports the fabrication of conductive MOF nanowire arrays (NWAs) and the application of them as the sole electrode material for solid‐state supercapacitors. By taking advantage of the nanostructure and making full use of the high porosity and excellent conductivity, the MOF NWAs in solid‐state supercapacitor show the highest areal capacitance and best rate performance of all reported MOF materials for supercapacitors, which is even comparable to most carbon materials.
Chemokine CCL15 Mediates Migration of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Toward Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2016)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess the ability to migrate toward tumor sites and are regarded as promising gene delivery vehicles for cancer therapeutics. However, the factors that mediate this tropism have yet to be completely elucidated. In this study, through cytokine array analysis, chemokine CCL15 was found to be the most abundant protein differentially expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines compared with a normal liver cell line. Serum CCL15 levels in HCC patients determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay were shown to be profoundly elevated compared with healthy controls. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that CCL15 expression was much stronger in HCC tumor tissues than in adjacent nontumor tissues. Transwell migration assay suggested that CCL15 may be involved in chemotaxis of human MSCs (hMSCs) toward HCC in vitro and that this chemotactic effect of CCL15 is mediated via CCR1 receptors on hMSCs. Orthotopic animal models of HCC were established to investigate the role of CCL15 in hMSCs migration toward HCC in vivo. Both histological and flow cytometric analysis showed that significantly fewer hMSCs localized within 97H-CCL15-shRNA xenografts compared with 97H-green fluorescent protein xenografts after intravenous delivery. Finally, the possible effects of hMSCs on HCC tumor growth were also evaluated. Coculture experiments showed that hMSCs had no apparent effect on the proliferation of HCC cells in vitro In addition, systemic administration of hMSCs did not affect HCC tumor progression in vivo. Our data in this study help to elucidate the mechanism underlying the homing capacity of hMSCs toward HCC.
Defective transcription of the right end of bacteriophage T7 DNA during an abortive infection of F plasmid-containing Escherichia coli (1991)

Transcription of T7 and mutant T3 DNA during infections of F plasmid-containing cells has been analyzed by using Southern hybridization. A transcriptional defect is apparent in these abortively infected cells that is most severe in the class III region of the phage genome. In particular, RNAs that are initiated from the gene 13 promoter are not elongated to give full-length molecules. It is suggested that the transcription defect results from positive supercoiling of the template DNA and that torsional constraints may even prevent the complete entry of the phage genome into an abortively infected cell.
Herbal remedies and anticoagulant therapy (2004)

Herbal remedies, considered to be both safe and effective by most consumers, may interact with conventional drugs. Warfarin, a vitamin K antagonist originally derived from the sweet clover plant, has a narrow therapeutic window which can be monitored using prothrombin international normalized ratios (PT-INR). Many herbs can increase the risk for bleeding when combined with warfarin, either by augmenting the anticoagulant effects of the drug (with increased PT-INR levels) or through intrinsic anti-platelet properties (without altering PT-INR levels). The increased risk for bleeding among such patients may be difficult to predict, especially when formulas which contain many herbs are used. Further research into herb-drug interactions is warranted, as are guidelines for the use of herbal remedies by patients on chronic anticoagulation therapy.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Constrained Arylpiperidines Using Intramolecular Heck or Radical Reactions. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A transparent framework for enabling incoming TCP connections to hosts behind a NAT gateway (2004)

This paper proposes a transparent and dynamic system to enable incoming TCP connections to hosts behind a NAT gateway without changes to client applications. We achieve this transparency with a daemon monitoring the gateway and modifications to the TCP/IP stack only on clients that need to receive incoming connections. Thus, we separate the issues of fire walling from address space conservation by allowing multiple hosts to be multiplexed onto a single IP address without affecting bidirectional connectivity.
18F-Fluorothymidine radiation dosimetry in human PET imaging studies. (2003)

Organ dose estimates for (18)F-FLT are comparable to those associated with other commonly performed nuclear medicine tests, and the potential radiation risks associated with (18)F-FLT PET imaging are within accepted limits.
Prevention of autoimmune lysis by T cells with specificity for a heat shock protein by antisense oligonucleotide treatment. (1994)

T lymphocytes with specificity for the bacterial heat shock protein (hsp) 60 recognize stressed host cells, thus possibly promoting pathogenesis of certain infectious and autoimmune diseases. Here, we show that autoimmune destruction of stressed Schwann cells and macrophages by cytotoxic T lymphocytes raised against mycobacterial hsp60 can be inhibited by the use of hsp60-specific antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (A-ODNs). The inhibitory effect of hsp60 A-ODNs was specific because lysis of murine cytomegalovirus-infected host cells by virus-specific cytotoxic lymphocytes was not affected. Immunoblot analysis and immunoprecipitation studies suggest that different forms of stress increase hsp60 synthesis in Schwann cells and that this neosynthesis is reduced by hsp60 A-ODNs. These findings (i) provide evidence for participation of endogenous hsp60 in the recognition of stressed host cells by mycobacterial hsp60-crossreactive T cells and (ii) suggest the feasibility of inhibiting autoimmune reactions by target-cell treatment with specific A-ODNs.
Introduction of Functionalized Mesopores to Metal–Organic Frameworks via Metal–Ligand–Fragment Coassembly (2012)

Introduction of functionalized mesopores into microporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can endow them with suitable properties for applications in gas storage, separation, catalysis, and drug delivery. However, common methods for functionalization (including pre- and post-synthetic modifications) of the internal surface of a MOF reduce the pore size of the MOF because the additional functional groups fill up the pores. We present a metal-ligand-fragment coassembly strategy for the introduction of (meso)pores functionalized with various substituent groups on the ligand fragments. Astonishingly, this new functionalization strategy increases the pore volume of a MOF instead of reducing it. Since the ligand fragments are often readily available or easily prepared, the new procedure for synthesis of the modified MOFs becomes much easier and more applicable than existing approaches. Remarkably, mesopores can be generated conveniently and controllably by the coassembly of a ligand and its fragment containing the desired functional groups. The fragment/ligand ratio has been optimized to preserve the parent structure and to promote maximum mesopore introduction, which has led to a systematic evaluation of the effectiveness of a series of functional groups for the adsorption of guest molecules.
Dual-Cure Propargyl Novolac-Epoxy Resins: Synthesis and Properties (2004)

A partially propargylated oligomeric phenolic novolac (PPN) was synthesised by the Williamson's reaction of a novolac with propargyl bromide and was characterised. Reactive blending of the PPN resin with epoxy resin resulted in a dual cure thermoset. The curing occurred through the phenol-epoxy reaction at about 135°C together with a Claisen rearrangement and the addition polymerisation of propargyl ether groups at around 235°C. The phenol-epoxy reaction could be catalysed by triphenyl phosphine, without affecting the curing of the propargyl ether groups. The cure characterisation was done by DSC and DMA. The effect of the phenol-epoxy ratio on the adhesive properties of the PPN-epoxy blend between aluminium adherends was evaluated. The system exhibited moderately good lap shear strength which was optimised for a phenol:epoxy equivalent ratio of 2:1. Good retention of the properties was observed at 100°C. On a comparative scale, the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A was better than the novolac epoxy, in improving the adhesion. Addition of conventional matrix tougheners was not conducive to improved adhesion. The system formed a good composite with glass fabric. The mechanical properties of the glass laminates were independent of the phenol-epoxy stoichiometry. The cured system possessed good thermal stability and a Tg>300°C. The epoxy adversely affected the Tg and the thermal stability.
Conserving the efficacy of insecticides against <i>Plutella xylostella</i> (L.) (Lep., Plutellidae) (2005)

Abstract: The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lep., Plutellidae), is one of the most destructive insect pests of crucifers worldwide. It was the first crop insect reported to be resistant to DDT and now in many crucifer‐producing regions it has shown significant resistance to almost every insecticide applied in field including biopesticides such as crystal toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis and spinosyns from Saccharopolyspora spinosa . In certain parts of the world, economical production of crucifers has become almost impossible because of its resistance to insecticides and resulting control failure. A coordinated resistance management program needs to be implemented with the involvement of pesticide industry, local pesticide regulatory authorities, scientists and farmers. The judicious use of chemicals in conjunction with other control measures (e.g. biological control agents, resistant varieties, proper fertilization rates) is the best way to manage DBM and other pests of cruciferous crops. Introduction of glucosinolate‐sulphatase inhibitors as plant‐incorporated‐products or sprayable material may also lead to a novel pest management strategy.
The use of additive manufacturing in the custom design of orthopedic implants (2011)

Bone plates for the fixation of complex fractures in proximity to joints often have to be reshaped to follow the bone contour. Good adhesion of the screws in areas where the bone is osteoporotic is also a challenge. One possible solution to these issues is to tailor-make plates by creating a digital three-dimensional model of the fracture from a computed tomography (CT) scan, digitally reducing the fracture, designing a plate, and finally manufacturing it directly from the digital model with solid free-form fabrication (SFF) technology. This study designs a custom plate for a distal tibia fracture, and investigates and refines the procedure from the CT scan to the final implant, with the aim of making it usable in trauma orthopaedics. The bone plate is manufactured using electron beam melting (EBM) technology. The challenges of bone plate design using digitalization and SFF are discussed. The virtual models created by the engineer while digitally reducing the fracture and modeling the plate are valuable for the physician while planning the surgery. A combination of surgery planning and digital plate design improves the surgeon's preparations and ensures correspondence between the plan and the designed implant. The proposed procedure, with the approximate required time in brackets, includes the separation of bone in the DICOM file (60 min), the reduction of fracture (5-30 min), revision (30 min), modelling of the plate (30-120 min), confirmation (30 min), manufacturing with SFF (10 h), post-processing (60 min), and finally cleaning and sterilization (90 min). The whole procedure requires about three working days.
Generating Certification Evidence for Autonomous Aerial Vehicles Decision-Making (2020)

The last 15 years have seen a large uptick in the use of unmanned aircraft. However, the current safety of flight clearances for unmanned aircraft requires a qualified operator who can make decisions and ultimately bear the responsibly for the safe operations of the vehicle. The future of aviation is unmanned, and ultimately autonomous. Yet, a clear path for certifying an autonomous vehicle to make decisions currently reserved for qualified pilots does not exist. This paper presents a preliminary approach for certifying an autonomous controller to select an appropriate landing site for a large rotorcraft in an unprepared landing zone. In particular, this paper will decompose the steps currently used by qualified pilots to the basic requirements to define an envelope where the vehicle will be allowed to operate autonomously while landing. These requirements are the basis for a specification that we examine to ensure it met the requirements. A protocol is developed based on the analyzed specification that will ensure what the vehicle "will not do" while operating autonomously. Finally, we describe how this protocol can be used as the safety of flight evidence, and eventually for clearing an autonomous controller to complete a task reserved for qualified pilots.
Urban Spaces and Cultural Settings (1988)

The complexity of cities calls for a multidisciplinary approach, urging urban historians to draw from social, economic, political, intellectual, as well as architectural sources. In exploring different materials, urban historians must carefully consider the motives of the various people who shape urban form and record urban change. They must approach urban history not as a canon of precedents or a chronicle of progress, but as a complex and ongoing enterprise.Equally important is the meaning of a city and how that meaning changes over time. Urban history is not just a synthesis of priorities and disciplinary techniques, but also a synthesis of experiences and visions. Integration of social and formal analyses is crucial, for both are formative and each helps shape the other. The intricate webs of power and meaning that are elaborated through architectural space need exploration as well. To write urban history is to give narrative form to these processes.
Effects of Pulsatile Subcutaneous Injections of Insulin Lispro on Plasma Insulin Concentration Levels (2008)

Our findings support that continuous insulin infusion can be implemented by a pulsatile injection of insulin as infrequent as a pulse every 15 min without significant effects on plasma insulin levels. If clinically confirmed, this result would have important consequences on the design and in silico testing of automated insulin treatment strategies, as increased delivery intervals imply higher accuracy of insulin delivery and facilitated implementations of closed-loop control algorithms.