gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Switched reluctance motor modelling with on-line parameter identification (2002)

A nonlinear model with on-line parameter estimation using recursive identification for switched reluctance motors is presented. The model is robust towards parameter variations in the motor or any system disturbances. The parameters of the model are adjusted to account for errors in rotor position, which allows the use of crude inexpensive position sensors. The proposed modeling approach allows self-tuning of SRMs in a production unit. The model has been tested through simulation and experimentation, which demonstrated the accuracy of estimation of the model.
A new type of laser triggered multistage gas-vacuum mixed switch (2013)

The triggered vacuum switch (TVS) plays an important role in the pulse power system. The electrical durability, delay time, pulse repetition frequency and the current capacity of switches are the problems in the development of pulse power technology (PPT). To solve the above problems, a new type of laser triggered multistage gas-vacuum mixed switch based on laser triggered technology and fast operating mechanism is put forward. The delay time and pulse repetition frequency of the laser triggered vacuum switch (LTVS) are in ns and MHz respectively. The fast operating mechanism can drive the electrodes of the laser-triggered gap in contact with each other when the working current is too large. Because the burning loss of the triggered material and main electrodes is the main reason for the short working life of triggered switches, the increase of working life by the application of fast operating mechanism is evident and meaningful. The paper designed the structure of the laser triggered multistage gas-vacuum mixed switch in details and used Ansoft to simulate the electrostatic field of the designed switch to prove that the design is reasonable.
Development and performance of a miniature, low cost mass spectrometer (2011)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2011.
Firewall Policy Queries (2009)

Firewalls are crucial elements in network security, and have been widely deployed in most businesses and institutions for securing private networks. The function of a firewall is to examine each incoming and outgoing packet and decide whether to accept or to discard the packet based on its policy. Due to the lack of tools for analyzing firewall policies, most firewalls on the Internet have been plagued with policy errors. A firewall policy error either creates security holes that will allow malicious traffic to sneak into a private network or blocks legitimate traffic and disrupts normal business processes, which in turn could lead to irreparable, if not tragic, consequences. Because a firewall may have a large number of rules and the rules often conflict, understanding and analyzing the function of a firewall has been known to be notoriously difficult. An effective way to assist firewall administrators to understand and analyze the function of their firewalls is by issuing queries. An example of a firewall query is "Which computers in the private network can receive packets from a known malicious host in the outside Internet?rdquo Two problems need to be solved in order to make firewall queries practically useful: how to describe a firewall query and how to process a firewall query. In this paper, we first introduce a simple and effective SQL-like query language, called the Structured Firewall Query Language (SFQL), for describing firewall queries. Second, we give a theorem, called the Firewall Query Theorem, as the foundation for developing firewall query processing algorithms. Third, we present an efficient firewall query processing algorithm, which uses decision diagrams as its core data structure. Fourth, we propose methods for optimizing firewall query results. Finally, we present methods for performing the union, intersect, and minus operations on firewall query results. Our experimental results show that our firewall query processing algorithm is very efficient: it takes less than 10 milliseconds to process a query over a firewall that has up to 10,000 rules.
Solution-processed new porphyrin-based small molecules as electron donors for highly efficient organic photovoltaics (2015)

A series of unsymmetrical π-conjugated small molecules have been constructed from meso-alkyl substituted porphyrins as the central unit and 3-ethylrhodanine as the terminal group. Using PC71BM as an acceptor, and these small molecules as electron donors in solution-processed bulk-heterojunction solar cells, a high power conversion efficiency of 6.49% has been achieved.
NetLord (2011)

Providers of "Infrastructure-as-a-Service" need datacenter networks that support multi-tenancy, scale, and ease of operation, at low cost. Most existing network architectures cannot meet all of these needs simultaneously.
Authentication of African green monkey cell lines using human short tandem repeat markers (2011)

A functional vervet multiplex assay consisting of eight human STR markers with heterozygosity values ranging from 0.53-0.79 was successful in uniquely identifying sixty-two vervet monkey samples. The probability of a random match using these eight markers between any two vervet samples is approximately 1 in 1.9 million. While authenticating a vervet cell line, the multiplex assay may also be a useful indicator for human cell line contamination since the assay is based on human STR markers.
Quarter-mile walk test sensitive to training-induced fitness changes (2019)

The original quarter-mile Rockport Fitness Walking Test equation for predicting VO2max was neither accurate nor sensitive to changes in CRF, most likely due to cardiovascular drift. Our new algorithm, based on the same brisk walking test, can provide a more accurate estimate of CRF, which is also sensitive to VO2max changes, in a broad age range (18 to 50 years).
SCL (stem cell leukemia) gene, and a hematopoietic growth and differentiation factor encoded thereby (1989)

A new human gene, SCL, was identified. The gene was discovered because of its involvement in a chromosomal translocation associated with the occurrence of a stem cell leukemia manifesting myeloid and lymphoid differentiation capabilities. The sequence of a cDNA for the normal SCL transcript is reported, as well as for an aberrant fusion transcript produced in the leukemic cells. Although different at their 3' untranslated regions, both cDNAs predict a protein within which is contained a region of primary amino acid sequence homology to the previously described amphipathic helix-loop-helix DNA binding and dimerization motif also contained within a variety of proteins whose role in development, differentiation, and proliferation has already been established.
Characterization of mice deficient in interleukin-1β converting enzyme (1997)

Interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme (ICE) processes the inactive prolL-1 beta to the proinflammatory mature IL-1 beta. ICE belongs to a family of cysteine proteases that have been implicated in apoptosis. To address the biological functions of ICE, we generated ICE-deficient mice through gene targeting technology. ICE-deficient mice developed normally, appeared healthy, and were fertile. Peritoneal macrophages from ICE-deficient mice underwent apoptosis normally upon ATP treatment. Thymocytes from young ICE-deficient mice also underwent apoptosis when triggered by dexamethasone, gamma irradiation, or aging. ICE-deficient mice had a major defect in the production of mature IL-1 beta and had impaired IL-1 alpha production on LPS stimulation in vitro and in vivo. ICE-deficient mice were resistant to LPS-induced endotoxic shock.
Nd:YAG laser irradiation in conjunction with cryogen spray cooling induces deep and spatially selective photocoagulation in animal models (1997)

Successful laser treatment of haemangiomas requires selective photocoagulation of subsurface targeted blood vessels without thermal damage to the overlying epidermis. We present an in vivo experimental procedure, using a chicken comb animal model, and an infrared feedback system to deliver repetitive cryogen spurts (of the order of milliseconds) during continuous Nd:YAG laser irradiation. Gross and histologic observations show deep-tissue photocoagulation is achieved, while superficial structures are protected from thermal injury due to cryogen spray cooling. Experimental observation of epidermis protection in chicken comb animal models suggests selective photocoagulation of subsurface targeted blood vessels for successful treatment of haemangiomas can be achieved by repetitive applications of a cryogen spurt during continuous Nd:YAG laser irradiation.
Cross‐reactivity and clinical impact of the antibody response to hepatitis C virus second envelope glycoprotein (E2) (2001)

The genotype of hepatitis C virus (HCV) can profoundly affect the success of antiviral therapy for HCV infection. A possible contributing factor is a varied immune response elicited by infection with different HCV genotypes. In this study, full-length E2 proteins of HCV genotypes 1a, 1b, 2a, and 2b were used to determine the fraction of the humoral immune response to HCV E2 that is genotype specific. Greater than 90% of all infected individuals had serum antibodies to the four E2 proteins. Overall, individuals infected with genotype 1a or 1b were characterized by variable immune responses to HCV E2 with relatively high amounts of cross-reactivity with other E2 proteins. Individuals infected with genotype 2a or 2b exhibited a strong preferential reactivity to genotype 2a and 2b E2 proteins. Individuals with elevated titers to HCV E2 were more likely to be infected with genotype 2a and had a significantly lower median viral load. These findings indicate that the antibody response to HCV E2 is affected by the genotype of the virus and that induction of a strong humoral immune response to HCV E2 may contribute to a decreased viral load.
Region-Based Segmentation via Non-Rigid Template Matching (2007)

We propose a new region segmentation method based on non-rigid template matching. We align a binary template to an image by maximizing the likelihood of intensity distributions within a region of interest and its background. The intensity model and the corresponding a posteriori distributions are estimated and updated throughout the alignment. The geometric deformation of the template is based on a fluid registration model. Unlike contour-based segmentation techniques, this registration framework allows for a global regularization of the template variations. This enables the segmentation of irregular shapes while avoiding leaks. We apply our method to the segmentation of the liver in computed tomography images, a challenging task due to the high inter-patient variability in the shape of this organ. We show that our segmentation results are equivalent or superior in accuracy to results obtained using existing techniques based on 3D shape models.
Recommendations for the Generation, Quantification, Storage, and Handling of Peptides Used for Mass Spectrometry–Based Assays (2015)

The Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium of the National Cancer Institute has collaborated with clinical laboratorians, peptide manufacturers, metrologists, representatives of the pharmaceutical industry, and other professionals to develop a consensus set of recommendations for peptide procurement, characterization, storage, and handling, as well as approaches to the interpretation of the data generated by mass spectrometric protein assays. Additionally, the importance of carefully characterized reference materials-in particular, peptide standards for the improved concordance of amino acid analysis methods across the industry-is highlighted. The alignment of practices around the use of peptides and the transparency of sample preparation protocols should allow for the harmonization of peptide and protein quantification in research and clinical care.
Ultrafine Pt cluster and RuO<sub>2</sub> heterojunction anode catalysts designed for ultra-low Pt-loading anion exchange membrane fuel cells (2019)

Pt–RuO<sub>2</sub> heterojunction catalysts with a unique morphology show excellent alkaline membrane fuel cell performance at an ultra-low loading Pt anode.
N-Doped Food-Grade-Derived 3D Mesoporous Foams as Metal-Free Systems for Catalysis (2016)

A challenging task of modern and sustainable catalysis is to rethink key processes at the heart of renewable energy technology in light of metal-free catalytic architectures designed and fabricated from cheap and easily accessible building blocks. This contribution describes the synthesis of highly N doped, carbon nanotube (CNT)-netting composites from cheap raw materials. With physical mixtures of CNTs and food-grade components as the starting materials, their thermal treatment generates foamy, N-doped carbon-based architectures. The mesoporous nature of the N-doped carbon phase grown around intertwined carbon nanotube networks and the easy control of the final material 3D shape make the protocol highly versatile for its full exploitation in the production of materials for catalysis. In addition to offering unique advantages with respect to the classical N-doped CNT powders, the 3D metal-free composites are highly versatile systems for a number of liquid-phase and gas-phase catalytic processes, under a wide operative temperature range. In this paper we demonstrate their excellent and to some extent unique catalytic performance in two fundamental and catalyst-demanding processes: (i) the electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and (ii) the direct, steam-free dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene (EB) to styrene (ST).
Electrochromism in anodic iridium oxide films (1978)

The oxidation state of iridium ions in an oxide film grown electrochemically on an Ir metal reflector electrode in aqueous 0.5M H2SO4 electrolyte can be rapidly and reversibly modulated by voltage pulses of 1 V amplitude according to the reaction: Ir(OH)n(transparent) ⇄IrOx(OH)n−x(colored)+xH++xe. This valency interconversion produces a marked change in light absorption throughout the visible wavelength region and occurs without change in film thickness. Color-bleach cycles exhibit reflectance contrast changes, ΔR/R, and charging times, τ, suitable for electrochromic display devices, e.g., for a film 700 Å thick: ΔR/R=60% at λ=546 nm and τ≈40 msec. The fast write-erase times are made possible by the highly porous and hydrated nature of the oxide film. The charge (∼20 mC cm−2) and energy (∼20 mJ cm−2) are comparable with those for other electrochromic oxide systems, e.g., the tungsten bronzes. Advantages of the iridium oxide system include: (i) fast response; (ii) stability of the colored written state in the presence of water and dissolved O2; (iii) broad spectral absorption; and (iv) the ability to grow and reform the oxide layer insitu in the electro-optic display cell. Electrochromic spectra of anodic iridium oxide films are illustrated and related to charge-transfer and intervalency transitions.
Near field diffraction of phase-shifted phase grating for side-writing fiber Bragg gratings (2006)

The fiber Bragg grating (FBG) with a very high count, up to <i>N=80</i>, identical channels for dispersion compensators has been commercialized. The design utilizes the phase-only sampling, which requires η / N time higher refractive index modulation than the N times required by the amplitude sampling design. The phase sampling is implemented by inserting phase shifts in the FBG. Hence, the positive valued coupling coefficients of the FBG become complex-valued, which greatly increase the functionality and spectral performance of the FBG. In the fabrication of the phase-shifted FBG we find that the phase shifts in the phase mask for writing the FBG are not replicated into the FBG, as believed by many people, but are split into two half-magnitude phase-shifts due to the near field diffraction. We show the split of the phase shift by using the Finite Difference in Time Domain (FDTD) analysis and we show that this split of the phase shifts results in the FBG spectral asymmetry by a physical model of the phase-only sampling function distortion and by the FBG experiments. The new pre-compensating phase mask technique is introduced to remove the errors and therefore ensure the success of the high count multiple channel FBGs.
A self-calibrating approach to whole-home contactless power consumption sensing (2014)

In this paper, we present a significant improvement over past work on non-contact end-user deployable sensor for real time whole home power consumption. The technique allows users to place a single device consisting of magnetic pickups on the outside of a power or breaker panel to infer whole home power consumption without the need for professional installation of current transformers (CTs). The new approach does not require precise placement on the breaker panel, a key requirement in previous approaches. This is enabled through a self-calibration technique using a neural network that dynamically learns the transfer function despite the placement of the sensor and the construction of the breaker panel itself. We also demonstrate the ability to actually infer true power using this technique, unlike past solutions that have only been able to capture apparent power. We have evaluated our technique in six homes and one industrial building, including one seven-day deployment. Our results show we can estimate true power consumption with an average accuracy of 95.0% during naturalistic energy use in the home.
Preparation and Properties of Lubricant Base Stocks from Epoxidized Karanja Oil and Its Alkyl Esters (2013)

Lubricant base stocks of epoxidized oil and its alkyl esters namely epoxidized karanja fatty acid methyl, butyl, 2-methyl-1-propyl, and 2-ethylhexyl esters were synthesized from renewable nonedible source karanja oil (Pongamia glabra). The reaction was carried out using peroxy formic acid (HCOOH) generated in situ, 30 wt % aqueous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by monitoring oxirane oxygen value. The optimized conditions to obtain epoxidized products were oil/ester: HCOOH: H2O2 (1:2:8/1:1.5:3 mol/mol/mol). The epoxidized products were obtained in 90–97% conversion by GC analysis. All the products were characterized by GC, GC-MS, IR, 1H NMR spectral studies. The synthesized products were evaluated for physicochemical and lubricant properties. Based on viscosity index all the products belong to group III, category of base fluids as per API classification. Expecting pour point values that are on higher side, other lubrication properties such as viscosity, VI, flash point, Cu corrosion value, and air release value were found to be good.
Versatile Synthesis of Luminescent Tetradentate Cyclometalated Alkynylgold(III) Complexes and Their Application in Solution‐Processable Organic Light‐Emitting Devices (2016)

A new class of cyclometalated tetradentate alkynylgold(III) complexes has been successfully synthesized by post-synthetic modification. Through the judicious design and choice of pincer ligands, post-synthetic cyclization could be achieved to produce the robust and structurally rigid class of tetradentate gold(III) C^N^C^C complexes with high photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 0.49 in solution and 0.78 in doped thin films at room temperature, at least an order of magnitude higher than those of the structurally related uncyclized tridentate alkynylgold(III) analogues. High-performance yellow to orange-red emitting solution-processable organic light-emitting devices have also been achieved with external quantum efficiency of 11.1 %. This work describes for the first time of the use of post-synthetic ligand modification approach to overcome the synthetic challenge for tetradentate alkynylgold(III) complexes.
Phantom (1996)

This paper presents Phantom, a simple constant space algorithm for rate based flow control. As shown by our simulations, it converges fast to a fair rate allocation while generating a moderate queue length. While our approach can be easily implemented in ATM switches for managing ABR traffic, it is also suitable for flow control in TCP router based networks. Both the introduced overhead and the required modifications in TCP flow control systems are minimal. The implementation of this approach in TCP guarantees fairness and provides a unifying interconnection between TCP routers and ATM networks. The new algorithm easily inter-operates with current TCP flow control mechanisms and thus can be gradually introduced into installed based TCP networks.
Bayesian classification and feature reduction using uniform dirichlet priors (2003)

In this paper, a method of classification referred to as the Bayesian data reduction algorithm (BDRA) is developed. The algorithm is based on the assumption that the discrete symbol probabilities of each class are a priori uniformly Dirichlet distributed, and it employs a "greedy" approach (which is similar to a backward sequential feature search) for reducing irrelevant features from the training data of each class. Notice that reducing irrelevant features is synonymous here with selecting those features that provide best classification performance; the metric for making data-reducing decisions is an analytic for the probability of error conditioned on the training data. To illustrate its performance, the BDRA is applied both to simulated and to real data, and it is also compared to other classification methods. Further, the algorithm is extended to deal with the problem of missing features in the data. Results demonstrate that the BDRA performs well despite its relative simplicity. This is significant because the BDRA differs from many other classifiers; as opposed to adjusting the model to obtain a "best fit" for the data, the data, through its quantization, is itself adjusted.
Facile elaboration of porphyrins via metal-mediated cross-coupling (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFacile elaboration of porphyrins via metal-mediated cross-couplingStephen G. DiMagno, Victor S. Y. Lin, and Michael J. TherienCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 22, 5983–5993Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00074a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00074a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3163Altmetric-Citations241LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts