gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonic techniques for assessing wall vibrations in stenosed arteries (2005)

Arterial stenoses are often associated with audible bruits. Quantitative analysis of the bruit spectrum has been successfully used to predict the residual lumen diameter in carotid stenoses. Arterial wall vibrations occurring due to turbulent pressure fluctuations in the post-stenotic jet are known to be the source of the bruits. We present novel signal processing techniques that enable the detailed noninvasive assessment of these vibrations in real time using color-Doppler and pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasound. A color-Doppler-based two-dimensional vibration imaging technique can be used to locate the source of the bruits relative to the underlying anatomy. Subsequently, a pulsed-wave Doppler-based technique can be used to analyze the bruit spectrum quantitatively. Experiments in ex vivo arteries indicate that these techniques can predict the location of the bruit as well as its spectral content. Case studies on human subjects with stenosed vein grafts are presented and the clinical applicability of this technique is discussed.
IL-21 selectively protects CD62L+ NKTs from activation-induced cell death during <i>ex vivo</i> expansion and enhances antitumor activity of NKT cell therapy <i>in vivo</i> (2018)

Abstract Vα24-invariant natural killer T cells (NKTs) have potent antitumor properties that can be exploited for use in cancer immunotherapy. This requires rigorous protocols for ex vivo expansion of primary NKTs that preserve their longevity and function. We recently reported that CD62L+ NKTs persist longer and have better antitumor activity in vivo than CD62L− counterparts. However, the conditions governing preservation of CD62L expression in NKTs during expansion remain largely unknown. Comparative gene expression analysis of CD62L+ and CD62L− NKTs revealed significantly higher IL-21R expression in the former subset, which was confirmed at the protein level by flow cytometry. Hence, we hypothesized that IL-21 preferentially supports CD62L+ NKTs. We expanded primary human peripheral blood NKTs by stimulating in vitro with cognate antigen, α-galactosylceramide, and supplemented the culture with IL-2, IL-21, or both cytokines. In contrast to IL-2, IL-21 alone failed to support NKT cell expansion, but combined treatment with IL-2 and IL-21 produced more NKTs and preserved a significantly higher frequency of CD62L+ cells. We further demonstrated that IL-21 selectively downregulates BIM in CD62L+ NKTs and protects the subset from activation-induced cell death. Functionally, IL-2/IL-21-expanded NKTs secreted more TH1 cytokines and were more cytotoxic against lymphoma cells, which was associated with granzyme B upregulation by IL-21. Following adoptive transfer to NSG mice, IL-2/IL-21-expanded NKTs persisted significantly longer and had higher therapeutic efficacy in a lymphoma model compared with IL-2-expanded NKTs. Our results instruct inclusion of IL-21 in NKT-cell expansion protocols for cancer immunotherapy applications.
Fast nonlocal filtering applied to electron cryomicroscopy (2008)

We present an efficient algorithm for nonlocal image filtering with applications in electron cryomicroscopy. Our denoising algorithm is a rewriting of the recently proposed nonlocal mean filter. It builds on the separable property of neighborhood filtering to offer a fast parallel and vectorized implementation in contemporary shared memory computer architectures while reducing the theoretical computational complexity of the original filter. In practice, our approach is much faster than a serial, non-vectorized implementation and it scales linearly with image size. We demonstrate its efficiency in data sets from Caulobacter crescentus tomograms and a cryoimage containing viruses and provide visual evidences attesting the remarkable quality of the nonlocal means scheme in the context of cryoimaging. With such development we provide biologists with an attractive filtering tool to facilitate their scientific discoveries.
SLA impact modeling for service engagement (2013)

During the customer engagement phase it is critical for the service providers to estimate the impact of service level constraints on service personnel needs. However, it is often difficult due to the implication from customer workload. In this paper we propose an SLA impact evaluation methodology that uses queueing models to quantitatively evaluate the impact of SLAs to the engagement cost model.
Zero-forcing blind equalization based on channel subspace estimates for multiuser systems (1999)

The recovery of input signals in a frequency selective fading channel is a problem of great theoretical and practical interest. We present several new blind algorithms that utilize second order statistics for multichannel equalization. The algorithms are based on the subspace extraction of a preselected block column of the channel convolution matrix. For multiuser system, user signal separation can be achieved based on partial information of the composite channel response. The equalization algorithms do not rely on the signal and noise subspace separation and therefore tend to be more robust to channel order estimation errors.
A General Method of Tritium Labeling Utilizing Microwave Discharge Activation of Tritium Gas (1973)

A method of general tritium labeling is described which is applicable to a broad range of organic compounds of biological interest, including amino acids, peptides, and proteins.The method is rapid, inexpensive, and nondestructive, thereby making the purification of labeled material relatively uncomplicated.The reaction apparatus consists of a closed system in which tritium gas at a pressure of 4 mm Hg or less can be cycled by an internal pump.The labeling reaction(s) is initiated by microwave discharge activation of the tritium gas and the sample, cooled by liquid nitrogen, remains outside the region of the high ultraviolet and electron flux from the tritium plasma.The evidence suggests that tritium-hydrogen exchange occurs as a result of bombardment of the labeled substrate with tritium atoms.Studies of the chemistry of the labeling reaction with aromatic hydrocarbons, of the analytical requirements for radiochemical purity, of the characteristic specific activities noted for several classes of compounds, and of the application of the method to the preparation of tritium-labeled peptides are presented.Tritiumlabeled adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) with a specific activity of 15 Ci per mmole and full biological activity has been prepared by this method.This represents a lOOO-fold increase in the specific activity previously obtained by Wilzbach labeling of ACTH.The availability of high specific activity tritium-labeled compounds of biological interest has made it, possible to characterize many previously inaccessible biochemical and physiological processes.In addition, studies of tritium incorporation into organic compounds, whether by synthetic, recoil, or exchange methods, have provided new insights into both chemical struc-
The design and modelling of a comb-drive-based microengine for mechanism drive applications (1992)

The design and modelling of a comb-drive-based microengine is presented. The motivation for developing such a device came from our own need to drive specific micromechanisms. Difficulty in connecting an external load to an existing micromotor and insufficient torque led us to a design which uses the comb drive concept of Tang, Nguyen, and Howe, to convert linear oscillatory motion into rotational motion. The microengine provides output in the form of a continuously rotating output gear that is capable of delivering torque to a micromechanism. The microengine can be operated at varying speeds and its motion can be reversed. Modelling of the system indicates that dynamic effects are important and that the device behaves in ways similar to that of high speed'' machinery. Processing considerations address the elimination of natural interferences that arise when conformally deposited polysilicon films form the links, joints, and gears. The resultant device is completely batch fabricated without the need for manual assembly steps.
Development of a new topology of dc hybrid circuit breaker (2013)

A new topology of dc hybrid circuit breaker based on fast switch and liquid metal fault current limiters(LMFCL) is proposed for medium voltage dc system in this paper. The voltage generated by LMFCL can commutate the fault current into the parallel thyristors and make arcless open of fast switch contacts. The thyristors are forced off due to the parallel LC reverse pulse discharge circuit. The influences of bulkhead aperture diameter, current rising rate and voltage on LMFCL at the initial commutation moment on the arcless current commutation are analyzed. Finally, the breaking based on arcless commutation is accomplished with short circuit fault simulated using synthetic circuit.
Delayed cerebral edema and fatal coma after minor head trauma: Role of the CACNA1A calcium channel subunit gene and relationship with familial hemiplegic migraine (2001)

Trivial head trauma may be complicated by severe, sometimes even fatal, cerebral edema and coma occurring after a lucid interval ("delayed cerebral edema"). Attacks of familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) can be triggered by minor head trauma and are sometimes accompanied by coma. Mutations in the CACNA1A calcium channel subunit gene on chromosome 19 are associated with a wide spectrum of mutation-specific episodic and chronic neurological disorders, including FHM with or without coma. We investigated the role of the CACNA1A gene in three subjects with delayed cerebral edema. Two subjects originated from a family with extreme FHM, and one subject was the previously asymptomatic daughter of a sporadic patient with hemiplegic migraine attacks. In all three subjects with delayed severe edema, we found a C-to-T substitution resulting in the substitution of serine for lysine at codon 218 (S218L) in the CACNA1A gene. The mutation was absent in nonaffected family members and 152 control individuals. Haplotype analysis excluded a common founder for both families. Neuropathological examination in one subject showed Purkinje cell loss with relative preservation of granule cells and sparing of the dentate and inferior olivary nuclei. We conclude that the novel S218L mutation in the CACNA1A calcium channel subunit gene is involved in FHM and delayed fatal cerebral edema and coma after minor head trauma. This finding may have important implications for the understanding and treatment of this dramatic syndrome.
The new test pattern selection method for OPC model calibration, based on the process of clustering in a hybrid space (2012)

Model-based Optical Proximity Correction (OPC) is widely used in advanced lithography processes. The OPC model contains an empirical part, which is calibrated by fitting the model with data from test patterns. Therefore, the success of the OPC model strongly relies on a test pattern sampling method. This paper presents a new automatic sampling method for OPC model calibration, using centroid-based clustering in a hybrid space: the direct sum of geometrical sensitivity space and image parameter space. This approach is applied to an example system in order to investigate the minimum size of a sampling set, so that the resulting calibrated model has the error comparable to that of the model built with a larger sampling set. The proposed sampling algorithm is verified for the case of a contact layer of the most recent logic device. Particularly, test patterns with both 1D and 2D geometries are automatically sampled from the layer and then measured at the wafer level. The subsequent model built using this set of test patterns provides high prediction accuracy.
Stochastic synaptic plasticity with memristor crossbar arrays (2016)

Memristive devices have been shown to exhibit slow and stochastic resistive switching behavior under low-voltage, low-current operating conditions. Here we explore such mechanisms to emulate stochastic plasticity in memristor crossbar synapse arrays. Interfaced with integrate-and-fire spiking neurons, the memristive synapse arrays are capable of implementing stochastic forms of spike-timing dependent plasticity which parallel mean-rate models of stochastic learning with binary synapses. We present theory and experiments with spike-based stochastic learning in memristor crossbar arrays, including simplified modeling as well as detailed physical simulation of memristor stochastic resistive switching characteristics due to voltage and current induced filament formation and collapse.
Mimicking the photosynthetic triplet energy-transfer relay (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMimicking the photosynthetic triplet energy-transfer relayDevens Gust, Thomas A. Moore, Ana L. Moore, Alexander A. Krasnovsky Jr., Paul A. Liddell, David Nicodem, Janice M. DeGraziano, Pamela Kerrigan, Lewis R. Makings, and Peter J. PessikiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 13, 5684–5691Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00066a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00066a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views292Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Adjacent channel interference aware channel selection for wireless local area networks (2014)

A channel selection mechanism, interference aware channel selection (IACS) that chooses the channel with the maximum achievable data rate is proposed. Achievable rate is calculated by considering information on signal strength of clients, airtime and effective noise floor (NF). While measuring the effective NF of a channel, adjacent channel rejection (ACR) capability of access point (AP) is taken into account. We fully characterized the ACR performance of an AP via conducted tests carried out in laboratory environment. This ACR information is then used to compute the effective NF of channels that encounter adjacent channel interference (ACI). The proposed IACS algorithm is implemented and its performance is demonstrated in an example scenario. It is shown that with the use of IACS, network sustains high throughput values even in the presence of powerful interference sources in the vicinity, whereas schemes that do not consider ACI fail even to provide communication.
Traveltime inversion of multi-azimuthal walkaway VSP data for a model with dipping TI layers (2015)

Summary Walkaway vertical seismic profiling (WVSP) data potentially provides the most reliable anisotropy estimates. In many cases, a 1D depth velocity model is not adequate for WVSP data inversion. If the walkaway first break function is not symmetrical with respect to the well then a velocity model with lateral velocity changes is needed. In this paper, I present a first break constrained traveltime inversion approach for a 3D tilted transverse isotropy (TTI) parameter estimation that takes into account lateral velocity changes above the shallowest receiver. A new methodology, based on the constrained first break inversion, was developed to estimate anisotropic parameters in a 3D model. This method includes residual source statics calculation, walkaway first break correction due to zero-offset misfit for different walkaway lines, lateral velocity changes above the shallowest receiver, dipping boundaries and visual uncertainty analysis of estimated anisotropic parameters. Dipping boundaries, interval velocities and anisotropic TI parameters are simultaneously estimated through the least squares method with adaptive stabilizing weights. This approach was applied to a four-line walkaway dataset. The results showed small residual time differences between actual and synthetic first breaks with a standard deviation of 2 msec.
Total body skeletal muscle mass: estimation by creatine (<i>methyl</i>-d<sub>3</sub>) dilution in humans (2014)

Current methods for clinical estimation of total body skeletal muscle mass have significant limitations. We tested the hypothesis that creatine (methyl-d3) dilution (D3-creatine) measured by enrichment of urine D3-creatinine reveals total body creatine pool size, providing an accurate estimate of total body skeletal muscle mass. Healthy subjects with different muscle masses [n = 35: 20 men (19-30 yr, 70-84 yr), 15 postmenopausal women (51-62 yr, 70-84 yr)] were housed for 5 days. Optimal tracer dose was explored with single oral doses of 30, 60, or 100 mg D3-creatine given on day 1. Serial plasma samples were collected for D3-creatine pharmacokinetics. All urine was collected through day 5. Creatine and creatinine (deuterated and unlabeled) were measured by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Total body creatine pool size and muscle mass were calculated from D3-creatinine enrichment in urine. Muscle mass was also measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and traditional 24-h urine creatinine. D3-creatine was rapidly absorbed and cleared with variable urinary excretion. Isotopic steady-state of D3-creatinine enrichment in the urine was achieved by 30.7 ± 11.2 h. Mean steady-state enrichment in urine provided muscle mass estimates that correlated well with MRI estimates for all subjects (r = 0.868, P < 0.0001), with less bias compared with lean body mass assessment by DXA, which overestimated muscle mass compared with MRI. The dilution of an oral D3-creatine dose determined by urine D3-creatinine enrichment provides an estimate of total body muscle mass strongly correlated with estimates from serial MRI with less bias than total lean body mass assessment by DXA.
A transformer isolated AC to DC switch-mode power converter with resistive input current (1988)

Switch-mode power conditioning circuits which provide regulated DC output power from utility AC input power while drawing resistive (or sinusoidal) input current have been developed for applications where harmonic current generation in the utility distribution and generation system must be minimized. The authors describe and analyze a switch-mode power conditioner which produces a 200 VDC output at 450 Watts from a 120 VAC (60 Hz to 40 Hz) power source while drawing resistive input current. A single switch-mode power processing stage is used which contains a transformer for input-output isolation and which operates in a continuous conduction mode. >
Novel gate dielectric films formed by ion plating for low-temperature-processed polysilicon TFTs (1996)

A novel SiO/sub 2/ film formed by ion plating (IP) at room temperature was developed for low-temperature-processed (LTP) (<625/spl deg/C) polysilicon thin-film transistors (poly-Si TFT's). The IP SiO/sub 2/ film is a high-density dielectric with strained bonds, and also a high-performance insulator with low-leakage current and high-breakdown voltage. Poly-Si TFT with IP SiO/sub 2/ as a gate insulator shows satisfactory performance.
Involvement of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 in Human Cancer. (2002)

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) mediates transcriptional responses to hypoxia. HIF-1 is composed of an O2- and growth factor-regulated HIF-1alpha subunit and a constitutively-expressed HIF-1beta subunit. Four lines of evidence indicate that HIF-1 contributes to tumor progression. First, HIF-1 controls the expression of gene products that stimulate angiogenesis, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, and promote metabolic adaptation to hypoxia, such as glucose transporters and glycolytic enzymes, thus providing a molecular basis for involvement of HIF-1 in tumor growth and angiogenesis. Second, in mouse xenograft models, tumor growth and angiogenesis are inhibited by loss of HIF-1 activity and stimulated by HIF-1alpha overexpression. Third, immunohistochemical analyses of human tumor biopsies indicate that HIF-1alpha is overexpressed in common cancers and that the level of expression is correlated with tumor grade, angiogenesis, and mortality. Fourth, in addition to intratumoral hypoxia, genetic alterations in tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes induce HIF-1 activity.
Insights Into Frequency-Invariant Beamforming With Concentric Circular Microphone Arrays (2018)

This paper studies the problem of frequency-invariant beamforming with concentric circular microphone arrays (CCMAs) and presents an approach to the design of frequency-invariant and symmetric beampatterns. We first apply the Jacobi-Anger expansion to each ring of the CCMA to approximate the beampattern. The beamformer is then designed by using all the expansions from different rings. In comparison with the existing work in the literature where a Jacobi-Anger expansion of the same order is applied to different rings, here in this contribution the order of the Jacobi-Anger expansion at a ring is related to its number of sensors and, as a result, the expansion order at different rings may be different. The developed approach is rather general. It is not only able to mitigate the deep nulls problem in the directivity factor and the white noise gain, that is common to circular microphone arrays (CMAs), and improve the steering flexibility, but is also flexible to use in practice where a smaller ring can have less microphones than a larger one. We discuss the conditions for the design of <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</i> th-order symmetric beampatterns and examples of frequency-invariant beampatterns with commonly used array geometries such as CMAs, CMAs with a sensor at the center, and CCMAs. We show the advantage of adding one microphone at the center of either a CMA or a CCMA, i.e., circumventing the deep nulls problem caused by the 0th-order Bessel function.