gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A visual environment for dynamic web application composition (2003)

HTML-based interface technologies enable end-users to easily use various remote Web applications. However, it is difficult for end-users to compose new integrated tools of both existing Web applications and legacy local applications such as spreadsheets, chart tools and database. In this paper, the authors propose a new framework where end-users can wrap remote Web applications into visual components called pads, and functionally combine them together through drag & drop-paste operations. The authors use, as the basis, a meme media architecture IntelligentPad that was proposed by the second author. In the IntelligentPad architecture, each visual component called a pad has slots as data I/O ports. By pasting a pad onto another pad users can integrate their functionalities. The framework presented in this paper allows users to visually create a wrapper pad for any Web application by defining HTML nodes within the Web application to work as slots. Examples of such a node include input-forms and text strings on Web pages. Users can directly manipulate both wrapped Web applications and wrapped local legacy tools on their desktop screen to define application linkages among them. Since no programming expertise is required to wrap Web applications or to functionally combine them together, end-users can build new integrated tools of both wrapped Web applications and local legacy applications.
A comprehensive approach to the segmentation of multichannel three-dimensional MR brain images in multiple sclerosis (2013)

Accurate classification and quantification of brain tissues is important for monitoring disease progression, measurement of atrophy, and correlating magnetic resonance (MR) measures with clinical disability. Classification of MR brain images in the presence of lesions, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), is particularly challenging. Images obtained with lower resolution often suffer from partial volume averaging leading to false classifications. While partial volume averaging can be reduced by acquiring volumetric images at high resolution, image segmentation and quantification can be technically challenging. In this study, we integrated the brain anatomical knowledge with non-parametric and parametric statistical classifiers for automatically classifying tissues and lesions on high resolution multichannel three-dimensional images acquired on 60 MS brains. The results of automatic lesion segmentation were reviewed by the expert. The agreement between results obtained by the automated analysis and the expert was excellent as assessed by the quantitative metrics, low absolute volume difference percent (36.18 ± 34.90), low average symmetric surface distance (1.64 mm ± 1.30 mm), high true positive rate (84.75 ± 12.69), and low false positive rate (34.10 ± 16.00). The segmented results were also in close agreement with the corrected results as assessed by Bland-Altman and regression analyses. Finally, our lesion segmentation was validated using the MS lesion segmentation grand challenge dataset (MICCAI 2008).
Iterative detection and decoding on nonlinear ISI channels (2003)

This paper examines various techniques for nonlinear intersymbol interference (NL-ISI) mitigation, including the RAM-Search Viterbi detector, the RAM-Search BCJR algorithm, and two iterative detection/decoding algorithms. The two RAM-Search algorithms are only presented to lay a foundation and to provide a basis for comparison. The primary contribution in this paper is the comparison of the two iterative detection/decoding algorithms. The first is simply a generalization of turbo equalization to NL-ISI channels. The second considers the NL-ISI channel to be an inner code in a serial concatenation scheme, in which case interleaver gain is possible whenever this inner code is recursive. We show that by the simple insertion of a differential encoder prior to the NL-ISI channel to achieve recursiveness, this second scheme is far superior to the turbo equalization approach, but with equal complexity.
Radiation effects data on commercially available optical fiber: database summary (2003)

Presented here are the results of a survey performed at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center on radiation data for commercially available optical fiber. The survey includes data from the past decade that can still be used for currently available parts. The objective of this work was to provide a current central location for relevant radiation data on optical fiber that could be useful for space flight projects. Only valid part numbers that are currently relevant to the manufacturers producing the optical fiber and parts that have been verified as changing number but not process, are included in this study. Presented are the currently available optical fiber types with valid part numbers and manufacturer, the relevant radiation data, and the corresponding data reference. Also included in this summary is the recent unreleased radiation data from experiments conducted at Goddard Space Flight Center on OFS (formerly Spectran) 62.5/125/250 micron optical fiber. This database will serve as a tool for engineers when selecting radiation tested optical fiber for future and current optical fiber systems for space flight applications.
[Vitamin K2]. (2008)

Vitamin K2 has been approved for the treatment of osteoporosis in Japan since 1995. Vitamin K2 treatment in osteoporosis has been shown to inhibit the occurrence of new bone fractures and to maintain BMD. The uniqueness of the prevention of bone fractures by vitamin K2 is that there has been no direct evidence of the relationship between increase of BMD and a decrease in the occurrence of bone fractures. A recent systematic review of seven Japanese randomized controlled trials by Cockayne has also shown that supplementation with phytonadione (Vitamin K1) and menaquinone (Vitamin K2) , particularly menaquinone-4, is associated with increased BMD and reduced fracture incidence. To confirm these results, a larger well design RCT using fractures as the primary endpoint is clearly needed.
High resolution refractive index sensing with cladded multimode tapered optical fibre (2004)

A new fibre-optic refractive index sensor is presented. It is based on the radiation losses introduced by the sample medium in a cladded multimode tapered fibre. A simple light transmission measurement setup is used to test some samples. It is demonstrated that the sensor is suitable for measuring RI in the range 1.36 to 1.46, as well as RI changes below 10−4.
Evaluation framework for organization-based ridesharing :service design considerations and potential for AUB - (2014)

Dissertation. Ph.D. American University of Beirut. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2014. ED:51
Molecular cloning and expression of cDNA for human antileukoprotease from cervix uterus (1986)

We have isolated cDNA clones for the human antileukoprotease HUSI-I, an elastase inhibitor, from a library, containing cDNA inserts made from human cervix uterus. A library of 10 000 recombinants was screened using a mixture of 16 different oligodeoxyribonucleotides which correspond to amino acids 79-84 and one 20mer oligodeoxyribonucleotide corresponding to amino acids 19-26. Two overlapping cDNA clones, containing the entire coding sequence and part of the 5'- and 3'-untranslated region, were isolated. DNA sequence data showed that our clone corresponds with the available protein sequence data. For expression, the cDNA fragment was inserted in a derivative of plasmid pPLc236 and expressed under the control of lambda PL promoter. Expression of antileukoprotease was proven by Western blot analysis and inhibition of chymotrypsin.
Measuring neural coupling from non-Gaussian power spectra of voltage traces taken from awake behaving animals (2003)

Brains consist of complex networks of neurons possessing highly non-linear interactions, suggesting that neural systems will show cooperative dynamics. Previous studies of the non-Gaussian statistics of 1/<i>f</i> noise in spin glasses and amorphous semiconductors have revealed important information concerning interaction kinetics not available through other techniques. Five male Brown-Norway-Cross rats were chronically implanted with arrays of microwire electrodes from which local field potentials (LFPs) were recorded from the dorsocentral striatum as the animals performed complex navigational tasks. The power spectra displayed a frequency dependence significantly different from 1/<i>f</i>. The correlation coefficients of the Fourier transform of the LFPs from striatum showed significant non-zero correlations between frequencies separated by less than three octaves. This novel technique may be useful in measuring functional interactions in neural systems.
Design of pleated filters by computer simulations (2022)

Four aspects are important in the design of hydraulic lters. We distinguish between two cost factors and two performance factors. Regarding performance, filter eciencynd lter capacity are of interest. Regarding cost, there are production considerations such as spatial restrictions, material cost and the cost of manufacturing the lter. The second type of cost is the operation cost, namely the pressure drop. Albeit simulations should and will ultimately deal with all 4 aspects, for the moment our work is focused on cost. The PleatGeo Module generates three-dimensional computer models of a single pleat of a hydraulic lter interactively. PleatDict computes the pressure drop that will result for the particular design by direct numerical simulation. The evaluation of a new pleat design takes only a few hours on a standard PC compared to days or weeks used for manufacturing and testing a new prototype of a hydraulic lter. The design parameters are the shape of the pleat, the permeabilities of one or several layers of lter media and the geometry of a supporting netting structure that is used to keep the out ow area open. Besides the underlying structure generation and CFD technology, we present some trends regarding the dependence of pressure drop on design parameters that can serve as guide lines for the design of hydraulic lters. Compared to earlier two-dimensional models, the three-dimensional models can include a support structure.
Lightly Supervised Learning of Procedural Dialog Systems (2013)

Procedural dialog systems can help users achieve a wide range of goals. However, such systems are challenging to build, currently requiring manual engineering of substantial domain-specific task knowledge and dialog management strategies. In this paper, we demonstrate that it is possible to learn procedural dialog systems given only light supervision, of the type that can be provided by non-experts. We consider domains where the required task knowledge exists in textual form (e.g., instructional web pages) and where system builders have access to statements of user intent (e.g., search query logs or dialog interactions). To learn from such textual resources, we describe a novel approach that first automatically extracts task knowledge from instructions, then learns a dialog manager over this task knowledge to provide assistance. Evalutation in Microsoft Office domain demonstrates that the individual components are accurate enough and when integrated into a dialog system provide effective help to users. 1
Green light-emitting device using Tb3+ activated anodic Al2O3 films detached cathodically from aluminum substrate. (1989)

Porous anodic Al2O3 films 50μm in thickness formed in oxalic acid solution were detached cathodically from aluminum substrate. The films were then dipped in an aqueous solution of 2.92 wt. % Tb (NO3)3, and heat-teated at 550°C for 10 minutes in air. The light-emitting device was fabricated by sandwiching the Al2O3 film between sheets of 110 glass. At voltage of 280V AC 50Hz or above, a bright green light emission was obseorved, with peaks at 489, 542, 583, 620nm.This emission is not intrinsic electroluminescence but is due to the air-plasma collision excitation of the Al2O3: Tb3+ phosphor that is formed on the pore walls of the film by the heat-treatment.
원전 케이블 화재 열속평가 및 열화 진단방법에 관한 연구 (2011)

The fire event occurred in fire proof zone often causes serious electrical problems such as shorts, ground faults, or open circuits in nuclear power plants. These would be directed to the loss of safe shutdown capabilities performed by safety related systems and equipments The fire event can treat the basic design principle that safety systems should keep their functions with redundancy and independency. In case of a multi-core cable fire, operators can not perform their mission properly and can misjudge the situation because of spurious operation, wrong indication or instrument. These would deteriorate the plant capabilities of safety shutdown and make disastrous conditions. In this paper, the characteristic of cable fire is investigated and the heat-flux evaluation for cable fire is studied. Moreover, a diagnostic methodology for degraded cable in nuclear power plants is presented.
Facile Syntheses of All Possible Diastereomers of Conduritol and Various Derivatives of Inositol Stereoisomers in High Enantiopurity from <i>m</i><i>yo</i>-Inositol (2002)

Phosphoinositide-based signaling processes are crucially important in intracellular signal transduction events. Inositol phosphate analogues have been useful in probing the structure−activity relationships between inositol phosphates and biomacromolecules, and in studying biological functions of newly found inositol phosphates. Thus, a systematic and ready access to inositol stereoisomers is highly desirable. And practical and convenient syntheses of conduritols and related compounds are also important because of their biological activities and their synthetic utilities in the preparation of other bioactive molecules. We herein report the first syntheses of all possible diastereomers of conduritol and various derivatives of eight inositol stereoisomers in high enantiopurity from myo-inositol, which involve efficient enzymatic resolution of the intermediates conduritol B and C derivatives, followed by oxidation−reduction or the Mitsunobu reaction, and cis-dihydroxylation in stereo- and regioselective manners.
Environment in 2005 Country Assistance Strategies (2006)

Country Assistance Strategies (CASs) have been periodically reviewed from a variety of different perspectives. This review assesses how environment is integrated in CASs for 2005 and also compares the progress made by 37 countries over the period of 1999-2005. Five themes are used to assess the 23 CASs across an established methodology also used in previous reviews. The five themes are: issues identification, treatment, mainstreaming, environmental policy and poverty- environment linkages. The review finds that the treatment of environment in CASs has only marginally improved. However, the positive aspect is the increase in the number of good practice cases as illustrated by high scores of individual countries under the five different themes. These good practice cases provide lessons and serve as tools for strengthening future CASs. Poverty environment linkages continue to remain the weakest aspect of CASs.
Thermal design analysis of compact heat exchanger using nanofluids (2008)

Compact heat exchangers have been widely used in various applications in thermal fluid systems including automotive thermal fluid systems. Radiators for engine cooling systems, evaporators and condensers for HVAC systems, oil coolers and inter coolers are typical examples that can be found in ground vehicles. Recent development of nanotechnology brings out a new heat transfer coolant called 'nanofluids'. These fluids exhibit larger thermal properties than conventional coolants (water, ethylene glycol, engine oil etc.) due to the presence of suspended nanosized particles in them such as Al2O3, Cu, CuO, TiO2 etc. In this paper, a theoretical analysis was carried with the ε-NTU rating method by using Al2O3 + H2O nanofluid as coolant on flat tube plain fin compact heat exchanger and different characteristics are graphically presented.
Immunolocalization of the apoptosis regulating proteins Bcl-2 and Bax in human endometrium and isolated peritoneal fluid macrophages in endometriosis (1997)

Endometriosis, a debilitating disease associated with infertility, is characterized by the prolonged presence of ectopic endometrial tissue and the involvement of activated peritoneal fluid macrophages. Apoptosis, which occurs in both endometrium and peritoneal fluid macrophages, is controlled in part by members of the Bcl-2/Bax family of proteins. Here, through immunohistochemical staining, we investigated the Bcl-2/Bax status in endometrium and peritoneal fluid macrophages in endometriosis. Bcl-2/Bax immunoreactivity was found predominantly in the glandular epithelial cells, mainly during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle for Bcl-2 but throughout the entire menstrual cycle for Bax. Ectopic endometrium contained a population of Bcl-2 positive. Bax negative tissue macrophages. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting of isolated peritoneal fluid macrophages showed that women with endometriosis had a significantly higher proportion of Bcl-2 positive macrophages than the non-endometriotic group. The proportion of Bax positive peritoneal fluid macrophages was significantly elevated in women without endometriosis. The increased proportion of Bcl-2 positive macrophages found in women with endometriosis may predispose these cells to resist apoptosis. The continued survival of these active cells could have important consequences for the survival and proliferation of the ectopic endometrial tissue.
Active Control of Epithelial Cell‐Density Gradients Grown Along the Channel of an Organic Electrochemical Transistor (2009)

Complex patterning of the extracellular matrix, cells, and tissues under in situ electronic control is the aim of the technique presented here. The distribution of epithelial cells along the channel of an organic electrochemical transistor is shown to be actively controlled by the gate and drain voltages, as electrochemical gradients are formed along the transistor channel when the device is biased..
Circulated Culture System of Tobacco Hairy Roots for Rapid Evaluation of Viral Multiplication and Movement (2001)

From the hairy roots induced by an inoculation of Agrobacterium rhizogenes into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Bright Yellow) leaf segments, we obtained the hairy root clone which could frequently regenerate shoots from calli produced at the basal sites of lateral roots branched from major hairy roots. The leaflets detached from the regenerated shoots produced secondarily the hairy roots and differentiated into the secondary shoots via calli in a similar manner. This circulatory culture system for the hairy root production and plant regeneration was available for an in vitro assay of multiplication and translocation of TMV. By the inoculation into detached leaves of the regenerated shoots with TMV, the virus-specific mosaic symptom was observed in the leaflets of the newly regenerated shoots, and the localization of TMV in the symptomless tissues such as stems, petioles, and secondary hairy roots of the infected regenerants was easily detected by direct tissue printing immunoblotting assay.
Lactoferrin as a Natural Immune Modulator (2009)

Lactoferrin, an iron-binding glycoprotein, is a cell-secreted mediator that bridges innate and adaptive immune function in mammals. It is a pleiotropic molecule that directly assists in the influence of presenting cells for the development of T-helper cell polarization. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of research regarding the role of lactoferrin in maintaining immune homeostasis, in particular as a mediator of immune responses to infectious assault, trauma and injury. These findings are critically relevant in the development of both prophylactic and therapeutic interventions in humans. Understanding these particular effects of lactoferrin will provide a logical framework for determining its role in health and disease.
Final assembly of the ULTRA 1-m carbon fiber optical telescope (2007)

Presented is a poster presentation relating to the final assembly and testing of the Ultra Lightweight Telescope for Research in Astronomy, ULTRA [1]. The program is a 3-year Major Research Instrumentation (MRI) program funded by NSF. Objectives are to demonstrate carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) composite mirrors for ground-based optical telescopes. Presented will be final assembly of the telescope including the unique features of the system including the 27 kg primary mirror, hexapod secondary mirror control, motorized iris for the primary mirror cover. Also presented are results of the optical testing of the 0.4m mirrors used as developmental optics in the program.
<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>stimulates phosphorylation of the airway epithelial membrane glycoprotein Muc1 and activates MAP kinase (2004)

We reported previously that Muc1 on the surface of epithelial cells was a receptor for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Lillehoj EP, Kim BT, and Kim KC. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 282: L751-L756, 2002). Other studies showed that the Muc1 cytoplasmic tail (CT) contains multiple phosphorylation sites, some of which are phosphorylated constitutively and associated with signaling proteins. However, the relationship between extracellular P. aeruginosa binding and intracellular signaling is unknown. To investigate the signaling mechanism of Muc1, this study examined phosphorylation of its CT and activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in response to stimulation by P. aeruginosa or purified flagellin. Our results showed 1) the Muc1 CT was phosphorylated constitutively on serine and tyrosine, 2) serine phosphorylation was stimulated by bacterial cells or flagellin, and 3) binding of P. aeruginosa or flagellin to Muc1 induced phosphorylation of ERK. These results are the first to demonstrate Muc1 CT phosphorylation and ERK activation in response to a clinically important airway pathogen.
Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Is Linked to Regulatory Transplantation Tolerance (2005)

Overall, our findings demonstrate that allo-antigen driven signaling events can be detected within a whole spleen cell population and identify a role for LIF in the regulation of transplantation tolerance in vivo.
The Information Content of Interest Rate Futures Options (2021)

Options prices are being increasingly employed to extract market expectations and views about monetary policy. In this paper, eurodollar options are monitored to examine the evolution of market sentiment over the possible future values of eurodollar rates. Risk-neutral probability functions are employed to synopsize the information contained in the prices of euro/dollar futures options. Several common methods of estimating risk-neutral probability density functions are examined. A method based on a mixture of lognormals density is found to rank first and a method based on a Hermite polynomial approximation is found to rank second. Several standard summary statistics are also examined, namely volatility, skewness, and kurtosis. The volatility measure is fairly robust across methods, while the skewness and kurtosis measure are model-sensitive. As an example, the days surrounding the September 1998 Federal Open Market Committee are examined.