gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of ultrashort optical pulses with third-harmonic-generation based triple autocorrelation (2002)

We present a method to obtain complete information of femtosecond pulses. By measuring triple-optical autocorrelation directly with third-harmonic generation, without spectral information, a temporal pulse shape can be obtained by analytical calculation without direction-of-time ambiguity. Combining the resulting optical pulse shape with its corresponding optical spectrum, the exact phase and color variations in time can all be recovered with a Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm through an iterative calculation with an O(n) complexity.
Solvation effect in precursor solution enables over 16% efficiency in thick 2D perovskite solar cells (2019)

GA<sup>+</sup> with solvation effect assisted high-quality 2D perovskite film with thickness over 500 nm reached a PCE of 16.26%.
Automatic Removal of Chromatic Aberration from a Single Image (2007)

Many high resolution images exhibit chromatic aberration (CA), where the color channels appear shifted. Unfortunately, merely compensating for these shifts is sometimes inadequate, because the intensities are modified by other effects such as spatially-varying defocus and (surprisingly) in-camera sharpening. In this paper, we start from the basic principles of image formation to characterize CA, and show how its effects can be substantially reduced. We also show results of CA correction on a number of high-resolution images taken with different cameras.
Acetic Acid Production by <i>Clostridium thermoaceticum</i> in pH-Controlled Batch Fermentations at Acidic pH (1982)

Four strains of the homofermentative, obligately anaerobic thermophile Clostridium thermoaceticum were compared in pH-controlled batch fermentation for their tolerance to acetic acid, efficiency of converting glucose to acetic acid and cell mass, and growth rate. At pH 6 (and pH 7) and initial acetic acid concentrations of less than 10 g/liter, the four strains had mass doubling times of 5 to 7 h and conversion efficiencies to acetic acid and cell mass of about 90% (70 to 110%) and 10%, respectively. At pH 6 and initial acetic acid concentrations of greater than 10 g/liter, only two of the strains grew, the mass doubling time increased to 18 h, and the conversion efficiencies to acetic acid and cell mass remained unchanged. Both of these strains had been selected for their ability to grow in the presence of acetate at neutral pH. The highest acetic acid concentrations reached were about 15 and 20 g/liter at pH 6 and 7, respectively. C. thermoaceticum is apparently more sensitive to free acetic acid than to either acetate ion or pH. It was also shown that, at pH 6 and 7, the redox potential must be at least as low as -300 and -360 mV, respectively, for growth to occur.
Measuring the absolute magnetic field using high-<i>T</i><sub>c</sub>SQUID (2006)

SQUID normally can only measure the change of magnetic field instead of the absolute value of magnetic field. Using a compensation method, a mobile SQUID, which could keep locked when moving in the earth's magnetic field, was developed. Using the mobile SQUID, it was possible to measure the absolute magnetic field. The absolute value of magnetic field could be calculated from the change of the compensation output when changing the direction of the SQUID in a magnetic field. Using this method and the mobile SQUID, we successfully measured the earth's magnetic field in our laboratory.
Burst deblurring: Removing camera shake through fourier burst accumulation (2015)

Numerous recent approaches attempt to remove image blur due to camera shake, either with one or multiple input images, by explicitly solving an inverse and inherently ill-posed deconvolution problem. If the photographer takes a burst of images, a modality available in virtually all modern digital cameras, we show that it is possible to combine them to get a clean sharp version. This is done without explicitly solving any blur estimation and subsequent inverse problem. The proposed algorithm is strikingly simple: it performs a weighted average in the Fourier domain, with weights depending on the Fourier spectrum magnitude. The method's rationale is that camera shake has a random nature and therefore each image in the burst is generally blurred differently. Experiments with real camera data show that the proposed Fourier Burst Accumulation algorithm achieves state-of-the-art results an order of magnitude faster, with simplicity for on-board implementation on camera phones.
Reliable design with multiple clock domains (2006)

We present a set of guiding principles for the management of multiple clocks domains in the design of a high-level hardware description language. Our motivation of the requirements is based on typical design problems; the solutions are based on common engineering practices and appropriate language abstractions. We include examples, and conclude with some comments based on a design experience.
Laying the Foundation for Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) Biodesign: Expression of the C4 Metabolism Cycle Genes of CAM in Arabidopsis (2019)

Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is a specialized mode of photosynthesis that exploits a temporal CO<sub>2</sub> pump with nocturnal CO<sub>2</sub> uptake and concentration to reduce photorespiration, improve water-use efficiency (WUE), and optimize the adaptability of plants to hotter and drier climates. Introducing the CAM photosynthetic machinery into C<sub>3</sub> (or C<sub>4</sub>) photosynthesis plants (CAM Biodesign) represents a potentially breakthrough strategy for improving WUE while maintaining high productivity. To optimize the success of CAM Biodesign approaches, the functional analysis of individual C<sub>4</sub> metabolism cycle genes is necessary to identify the essential genes for robust CAM pathway introduction. Here, we isolated and analyzed the subcellular localizations of 13 enzymes and regulatory proteins of the C<sub>4</sub> metabolism cycle of CAM from the common ice plant in stably transformed <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>. Six components of the carboxylation module were analyzed including beta-carbonic anhydrase (<i>McBCA2</i>), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (<i>McPEPC1</i>), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinase (<i>McPPCK1</i>), NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase (<i>McNAD-MDH1</i>, <i>McNAD-MDH2</i>), and NADP-dependent malate dehydrogenase (<i>McNADP-MDH1</i>). In addition, seven components of the decarboxylation module were analyzed including NAD-dependent malic enzyme (<i>McNAD-ME1</i>, <i>McNAD-ME2</i>), NADP-dependent malic enzyme (<i>McNADP-ME1</i>, <i>NADP-ME2</i>), pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase (<i>McPPDK</i>), pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase-regulatory protein (<i>McPPDK-RP</i>), and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (<i>McPEPCK</i>). Ectopic overexpression of most C<sub>4</sub>-metabolism cycle components resulted in increased rosette diameter, leaf area, and leaf fresh weight of <i>A. thaliana</i> except for <i>McNADP-MDH1</i>, <i>McPPDK-RP</i>, and <i>McPEPCK.</i> Overexpression of most carboxylation module components resulted in increased stomatal conductance and dawn/dusk titratable acidity (TA) as an indirect measure of organic acid (mainly malate) accumulation in <i>A. thaliana</i>. In contrast, overexpression of the decarboxylating malic enzymes reduced stomatal conductance and TA. This comprehensive study provides fundamental insights into the relative functional contributions of each of the individual components of the core C<sub>4</sub>-metabolism cycle of CAM and represents a critical first step in laying the foundation for CAM Biodesign.
LCTF Raman chemical imaging in the near infrared (1997)

Chemical imaging has tremendous potential as a quantitative imaging modality for chemical analysis. Chemical imaging integrates focal plane array technology and novel schemes for obtaining high spectral and spatial resolution imagery in the visible, near-infrared and mid-infrared. We have applied chemical imaging techniques to the characterization of a diverse array of materials, including human tissues, polymers, semiconductors, thin films, and corrosion products. This report describes recent technological advances in the development of liquid crystal tunable filter (LCTF) near- infrared imaging spectrometers suitable for high performance Raman microscopy. This technology is anticipated to have broad impact in a wide variety of commercial applications.
Wireless modem synchronization using an external reference (2003)

This paper discusses a communications system design for wireless modems incorporating an external reference for carrier synchronization. Motivation and a performance analysis in the presence of noise are given. Simulation results and initial field trial experiences are presented.
Optimization methods for post-bond die-internal/external testing in 3D stacked ICs (2010)

Testing of three-dimensional (3D) stacked ICs (SICs) is starting to receive considerable attention in the semiconductor industry. Since the die-stacking steps of thinning, alignment, and bonding can introduce defects, there is a need to test multiple subsequent partial stacks during 3D assembly. We address the problem of test-architecture optimization for 3D stacked ICs to minimize overall test time when either the complete stack only, or the complete stack and multiple partial stacks, need to be tested. We show that optimal test-architecture solutions and test schedules for multiple test insertions are different from their counterparts for a single final stack test. In addition, we present optimization techniques for the testing of TSVs and die-external logic in combination with the dies in the stack.
Utilization of Acyl-Homoserine Lactone Quorum Signals for Growth by a Soil Pseudomonad and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> PAO1 (2003)

Acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) are employed by several Proteobacteria as quorum-sensing signals. Past studies have established that these compounds are subject to biochemical decay and can be used as growth nutrients. Here we describe the isolation of a soil bacterium, Pseudomonas strain PAI-A, that degrades 3-oxododecanoyl-homoserine lactone (3OC12HSL) and other long-acyl, but not short-acyl, AHLs as sole energy sources for growth. The small-subunit rRNA gene from strain PAI-A was 98.4% identical to that of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but the soil isolate did not produce obvious pigments or AHLs or grow under denitrifying conditions or at 42 degrees C. The quorum-sensing bacterium P. aeruginosa, which produces both 3OC12HSL and C4HSL, was examined for the ability to utilize AHLs for growth. It did so with a specificity similar to that of strain PAI-A, i.e., degrading long-acyl but not short-acyl AHLs. In contrast to the growth observed with strain PAI-A, P. aeruginosa strain PAO1 growth on AHLs commenced only after extremely long lag phases. Liquid-chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry analyses indicate that strain PAO1 degrades long-acyl AHLs via an AHL acylase and a homoserine-generating HSL lactonase. A P. aeruginosa gene, pvdQ (PA2385), has previously been identified as being a homologue of the AHL acylase described as occurring in a Ralstonia species. Escherichia coli expressing pvdQ catalyzed the rapid inactivation of long-acyl AHLs and the release of HSL. P. aeruginosa engineered to constitutively express pvdQ did not accumulate its 3OC12HSL quorum signal when grown in rich media. However, pvdQ knockout mutants of P. aeruginosa were still able to grow by utilizing 3OC12HSL. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the degradation of AHLs by pseudomonads or other gamma-Proteobacteria, of AHL acylase activity in a quorum-sensing bacterium, of HSL lactonase activity in any bacterium, and of AHL degradation with specificity only towards AHLs with long side chains.
Vessel‐encoded arterial spin‐labeling using pseudocontinuous tagging (2007)

A new signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) efficient method is introduced for the mapping of vascular territories based on pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (ASL). A pseudocontinuous tagging pulse train is modified using additional transverse gradient pulses and phase cycling to place some arteries in a tag condition, while others passing through the same tagging plane are in a control condition. This is combined with a Hadamard or similar encoding scheme such that all vessels of interest are fully inverted or relaxed for nearly all of the encoding cycles, providing optimal SNR. The relative tagging efficiency for each vessel is measured directly from the ASL data and is used in the decoding process to improve the separation of vascular territories. High SNR maps of left carotid, right carotid, and basilar territories are generated in 6 min of scan time.
Full Stabilization of a Microresonator-Based Optical Frequency Comb (2008)

We demonstrate control and stabilization of an optical frequency comb generated by four-wave mixing in a monolithic microresonator with a mode spacing in the microwave regime (86 GHz). The comb parameters (mode spacing and offset frequency) are controlled via the power and the frequency of the pump laser, which constitutes one of the comb modes. Furthermore, generation of a microwave beat note at the comb's mode spacing frequency is demonstrated, enabling direct stabilization to a microwave frequency standard.
Phosphorylation by p38 MAPK as an Alternative Pathway for GSK3β Inactivation (2008)

Glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta) is involved in metabolism, neurodegeneration, and cancer. Inhibition of GSK3beta activity is the primary mechanism that regulates this widely expressed active kinase. Although the protein kinase Akt inhibits GSK3beta by phosphorylation at the N terminus, preventing Akt-mediated phosphorylation does not affect the cell-survival pathway activated through the GSK3beta substrate beta-catenin. Here, we show that p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) also inactivates GSK3beta by direct phosphorylation at its C terminus, and this inactivation can lead to an accumulation of beta-catenin. p38 MAPK-mediated phosphorylation of GSK3beta occurs primarily in the brain and thymocytes. Activation of beta-catenin-mediated signaling through GSK3beta inhibition provides a potential mechanism for p38 MAPK-mediated survival in specific tissues.
Unsymmetrical Unsaturated Ketones from Lactones and Carboxylic Acids in One Step. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Capillary electrophoresis ionization-mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry (1989)

The combination of capillary electrophoresis, including capillary zone electrophoresis and capillary isotachophoresis, with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry provides a powerful analytical tool for the analysis of proteins and oligopeptides. The electrospray ionization process provides detection limits in the attomole to femtomole range. The multiple charging phenomena observed in the electrospray ionization mass spectra of large biomolecules also has two important advantageous effects. First, the mass range for analysis with conventional quadrupole mass spectrometers is extended by a factor equal to the extent of charging. This provides mass spectrometric resolution and precision of mass measurement equivalent or superior to mass spectrometric methods dedicated to the measurements at high m/z. Secondly, the efficiency of collisionally induced dissociation (for MS/MS) is markedly enhanced. This provides for an important flexibility and advantage in the qualitative investigation of analytes above the range of mass ordinarily accessible for singly charged analyte parent ions. The experimental results are described suggest the possible extension of tandem MS techniques for protein analysis.
Identification and authentication of integrated circuits (2004)

Abstract This paper describes a technique to reliably and securely identify individual integrated circuits (ICs) based on the precise measurement of circuit delays and a simple challenge–response protocol. This technique could be used to produce key‐cards that are more difficult to clone than ones involving digital keys on the IC. We consider potential venues of attack against our system, and present candidate implementations. Experiments on Field Programmable Gate Arrays show that the technique is viable, but that our current implementations could require some strengthening before it can be considered as secure. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Towards Large-Pose Face Frontalization in the Wild (2017)

Despite recent advances in face recognition using deep learning, severe accuracy drops are observed for large pose variations in unconstrained environments. Learning pose-invariant features is one solution, but needs expensively labeled large-scale data and carefully designed feature learning algorithms. In this work, we focus on frontalizing faces in the wild under various head poses, including extreme profile view's. We propose a novel deep 3D Morphable Model (3DMM) conditioned Face Frontalization Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), termed as FF-GAN, to generate neutral head pose face images. Our framework differs from both traditional GANs and 3DMM based modeling. Incorporating 3DMM into the GAN structure provides shape and appearance priors for fast convergence with less training data, while also supporting end-to-end training. The 3DMM-conditioned GAN employs not only the discriminator and generator loss but also a new masked symmetry loss to retain visual quality under occlusions, besides an identity loss to recover high frequency information. Experiments on face recognition, landmark localization and 3D reconstruction consistently show the advantage of our frontalization method on faces in the wild datasets.
Fabrication and optical properties of polymeric waveguides containing nanocrystalline quantum dots (2004)

We report on the fabrication of polymer waveguides containing infrared-emitting nanocrystal quantum dots. Both PbSe and InAs nanocrystal quantum dots are incorporated into a fluorinated polymer by a surface functionalization method. The optical properties of the nanocrystal quantum dots are shown to be unaffected by the entire fabrication process. This method may provide a versatile platform for integration of nanocrystal quantum dots into planar photonic circuits.
Development of a Motorized Robotic Walker Guided by an Image Processing System for Human Walking Assistance and Rehabilitation (2018)

Impaired mobility negatively impacts a patient’s life, both physically and mentally. Existing tools for the assistance of such individuals include passive walking aids, which tend to disrupt the users’ walking rhythms, and motorized wheelchairs, which preclude the muscle activity of the users’ lower limb. To address these problems, this paper proposes a new robotic walker guided by an image processing system. This system uses visual information from a 3D camera to estimate the user’s position and orientation, and the motion are sent to a PID controller to actuate the robot so that the robot can automatically follow the user to provide assistance if needed. Therefore, for regular walking, the device can accompany the user without interfering with the muscle activity of the lower limbs; for rehabilitation training, it may support the user and provide protection. To reduce the errors of the estimated position and orientation, a discrete derivative term is added into a conventional PI controller to form a mixed PID controller which can reduce the noise from measurement or image processing. Experimental results demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed robotic method, as well as the functionality and effectiveness of the whole robotic system.
From high-frequency to low-frequency cell death detection: quantitative ultrasound evaluation of tumor response in breast cancer (2013)

Pre-clinical and clinical studies were undertaken investigating the efficacy of ultrasound to quantify cell death in tumor responses with cancer treatment. Animals bearing tumours (n=48), and patients (n=24) with locally advanced breast cancer received various therapies including for patients anthracyline and taxane-based chemotherapy treatments over four to six months. Tumour cell-death was assessed in specimens after treatment using histopathology. Pre-clinical ultrasound data collection was carried out at low-frequency and high-frequency. For human imaging, low-frequency ultrasound data were collected 5 times during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Data indicated considerable increases in ultrasound backscatter in animal tumours after treatment. Similar findings were observed in patients who clinically responded to treatment. Patients assessed as responding poorly demonstrated significantly lower increases. Increases in 0-MHz intercept followed similar trends while increases in spectral slope were observed locally from tumor regions demonstrating increases in tissue echogenicity. This study demonstrates the potential of ultrasound to quantify changes in tumours in response to cancer treatment administration in a pre-clinical and clinical setting. The results indicate that such responses can be detected early during a course of chemotherapy in patients and should permit ineffective treatments to be changed to more efficacious ones potentially leading to improved treatment outcomes.
Association of early osteoarthritis of the knee with a <i>Taq</i> I POLYMORPHISM OF THE VITAMIN D RECEPTOR GENE (1997)

A Taq I polymorphism of the VDR gene appears to be associated with an increased risk of knee OA. This is the first genetic locus that has been shown to influence the risk of early knee OA within the general population.
Detection of Greenhouse Gas (N2O) using Intracavity Absorption Spectroscopy (ICAS) (2016)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. K. Valiunas and G. Das, "Detection of Greenhouse Gas (N2O) using Intracavity Absorption Spectroscopy (ICAS)," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2016), paper AM3K.3. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article