gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An S‐locus receptor‐like kinase in plasma membrane interacts with calmodulin in <i>Arabidopsis</i> (2008)

Calmodulin-regulated protein phosphorylation plays a pivotal role in amplifying and diversifying the action of calcium ion. In this study, we identified a calmodulin-binding receptor-like protein kinase (CBRLK1) that was classified into an S-locus RLK family. The plasma membrane localization was determined by the localization of CBRLK1 tagged with a green fluorescence protein. Calmodulin bound specifically to a Ca(2+)-dependent calmodulin binding domain in the C-terminus of CBRLK1. The bacterially expressed CBRLK1 kinase domain could autophosphorylate and phosphorylates general kinase substrates, such as myelin basic proteins. The autophosphorylation sites of CBRLK1 were identified by mass spectrometric analysis of phosphopeptides.
Quantitative neuropathology and quantitative magnetic resonance imaging of the hippocampus in temporal lobe epilepsy (1997)

The aims of this study were to examine the relationships of hippocampal T2 (HCT2) relaxation time and magnetic resonance (MR)-based hippocampal volume (HCV) to neuronal (ND) and glial cell densities (GD) of hippocampal neuronal cell layers, and to obtain a better clinicopathological definition of hippocampal sclerosis (HS) and end folium sclerosis (EFS). Fifty-three hippocampi with HS, 6 with EFS, and 6 control hippocampi were studied. Pathologically, the HS group had a significantly higher logarithm (log) GD/ND than the controls in all hippocampal subregions, and than the EFS group in all subregions except the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus (GCDG). The EFS group had a significantly higher log GD/ND than the control group only in the GCDG. Clinical correlations suggested that EFS may be the consequence of temporal lobe seizures and not an epileptogenic entity. Hippocampal atrophy in HS was associated with neuronal cell depletion and concomitant gliosis in the cornu Ammonis (CA) 1, CA2, CA3, and hilus. An increased HCT2 was associated with damage in the CA1 and also the hilus and has a different neuropathological basis than HCV loss. MR-based HCV measurement and HCT2 mapping, therefore, give complementary information in the presurgical evaluation of temporal lobe epilepsy and longitudinal studies.
Reaction of 2-aminobenzazoles with dimethyl 2-aminofumarate. Synthesis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of 4-oxopyrimido[2,1-b]benzazoles (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of 2-aminobenzazoles with dimethyl 2-aminofumarate. Synthesis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of 4-oxopyrimido[2,1-b]benzazolesJames J. Wade, Ramon F. Hegel, and Cristeta B. TosoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 11, 1811–1816Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01325a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01325a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views507Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Endocannabinoid System: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Coagulopathies (2022)

Abnormal blood coagulation or coagulopathy is a common manifestation of many pathological conditions. It occurs when there is an imbalance between the activities of the coagulation system and the fibrinolytic system, leading to excessive or impaired intravascular blood clot formation, which can disturb blood flow causing ischemia or hemorrhage in the affected tissues. A growing body of evidence has demonstrated blood coagulation abnormalities in association with cannabinoid use, suggesting the involvement of the endogenous cannabinoid system (ECS) in modulating blood coagulation. However, the evidence in the literature has been controversial on whether cannabinoids promote or inhibit blood coagulation. The ECS has been extensively studied in recent years for its potential as a therapeutic target for many diseases. This review provides a brief introduction to the ECS and discusses the reported anticoagulatory and procoagulatory effects of various cannabinoids, highlighting some possible mechanisms that might underlie the observed effects. Understanding the coagulatory effects of cannabinoids and the interaction between the coagulation system and the ECS is vital for developing novel therapeutics for coagulopathies.
AlGaN photonics: recent advances in materials and ultraviolet devices (2018)

AlGaN-based materials own direct transition energy bands and wide bandgap and thus can be used in high-efficiency ultraviolet (UV) emitters and detectors. Over the past two decades, AlGaN-based materials and devices experienced rapid development. Deep ultraviolet AlGaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with improved efficiency of 20.3% (at 275 nm) have been produced. An electron beam (EB)-pumped AlGaN-based UV light source at 238 nm, output power of 100 mW, and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 40% has also been fabricated. UV stimulated emission from AlGaN multiple-quantum-wells laser diodes (LDs) using electrical pumping at room temperature has also been achieved at a wavelength of 336 nm. Compared with GaN-based blue and green LEDs and LDs, the efficiency of AlGaN-based UV LEDs and LDs is lower. Further optimization and improvements in both structure and fabrication are required to realize high-performance devices. In AlGaN-based UV photodetectors (PDs), gain as high as 104 orders of magnitude has been reported using the separated absorption and multiplication region avalanche photodiode structure but is still far from detecting the weak signal, and thus UV single-photon detectors with high detectivity is challenging. Recently, there has been extensive work in the nonlinear optical properties of AlGaN and AlGaN-based passive devices, such as waveguides and resonators. However, how to minimize the scattering and defect-related absorption needs to be further studied. In this review, first, approaches used to grow an AlGaN epilayer and p-type doping are introduced. Second, progress in AlGaN-based UV LEDs, EB-pumped light sources, LDs, PDs, passive devices, and the nonlinear optical properties are presented. Finally, an overview of potential future trends in AlGaN-based materials and UV devices is given.
Degeneration of bioprosthetic heart valve cusp and wall tissues is initiated during tissue preparation: an ultrastructural study. (2003)

The typical steps involved in the preparation of porcine aortic bioprosthetic heart valves induce, or cannot fully prevent, degeneration of some components of the ECM. Controlling the extent of this pre-implantation deterioration will open new gateways for improvement of the quality and durability of future cardiovascular bioprostheses.
Caught in the Act:<i>In Vivo</i>Mapping of Macrophage Infiltration in Nerve Injury by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2003)

In vivo tracking of hematogenous macrophages has been a major challenge because these cells are key players in nerve injury and repair. We visualized the spatiotemporal course of macrophage infiltration after acute peripheral nerve injury in living rats by using superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) particles and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A signal loss on MR images indicating iron accumulation was present in degenerating sciatic nerves between days 1 and 8 after a crush lesion, ceased thereafter, and corresponded to the transient presence of iron-labeled ED1-positive macrophages in tissue sections. In contrast, no SPIO accumulation was seen after optic nerve crush, which revealed microglial activation but lacked macrophage infiltration. SPIO-enhanced MRI provides a new tool to selectively visualize active periods of macrophage transmigration into the nervous system, thus enabling dynamic views on a fundamental process in a multitude of nerve disorders.
Different Serum Enzyme Levels Are Required to Rescue the Various Systemic Features of the Mucopolysaccharidoses (2009)

Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) are lysosomal storage disorders characterized by progressive accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in various tissues. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) for several MPSs is available to date. However, the efficacy of ERT is limited, in particular in compartments such as bone, cartilage, the brain, and the eyes. We selected a rodent model of an MPS, with no central nervous system storage, to study the impact, on systemic features of the disease, of various stable levels of exogenous enzymes produced by adeno-associated viral vector (AAV)-mediated liver gene transfer. Low levels (6% of normal) of circulating enzyme were enough to reduce storage and inflammation in the visceral organs and to ameliorate skull abnormalities; intermediate levels (11% of normal) were required to reduce urinary GAG excretion; and high levels (>or=50% of normal) rescued abnormalities of the long bones and motor activity. These data will be instrumental to design appropriate clinical protocols based on either enzyme or gene replacement therapy for MPS and to predict their impact on the pathological features of MPS.
Simplified implementation of a soft decision threshold decoder (2002)

New fully digital hardware designs for soft-decision threshold decoders are introduced to significantly reduce the complexity and increase the coding gain as compared to previously proposed architectures. These designs are useful for high-rate self-orthogonal convolutional codes with a long constraint length. The study case considered in this paper is for a rate 23/24, constraint length 4056 code used in a typical microwave digital radio. The new decoder architecture provides a four-fold decrease in complexity and an additional 0.3 dB coding gain as compared to previous designs. The simplification of the decoding architectures is possible through the use of three techniques: a different processing of feedback, the separation of information bit and reliability bit processing and the use of partial reencoding.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Enhancing the Quality of Manual Spot Welding through Augmented Reality Assisted Guidance (2015)

Manual spot welding loses the comparison with automated spot welding, not because of a higher execution time, but due to an inferior quality of welded points, mostly a low repeatability. It is not a human fault. Human welder is compelled to operate without having at disposal the knowledge of significant process features that are known by the robot: exact position of the welding spot, electric parameters to be adopted for every specific point, quality of the welded spot and, based on it, possible need for repetition of a defective weld. The research shows that, using an augmented reality device, it is possible to display this very data to the human operator, in order to enhance the manual process execution. The adopted device is a tablet mounted on the welding gun. It displays the working area seen by the built-in camera. The image is augmented by the superposition of computer generated images of the welding spots and their properties. The state of the spot (welded or not) and its execution quality (good or defective weld) is transmitted by some graphic features, like point color, size and way of blinking. The paper describes the algorithms used in the development of the program for this application, focusing on the problem of real time localization of the welding gun position. The augmented reality application was actually installed on a experimental station by a welding gun manufacturer and the results of the tests are presented and discussed.
Improved Wind Speed Prediction Using Empirical Mode Decomposition (2018)

Wind power industry plays an important role in promoting the development of low-carbon economic and energy transformation in the world. However, the randomness and volatility of wind speed series restrict the healthy development of the wind power industry. Accurate wind speed prediction is the key to realize the stability of wind power integration and to guarantee the safe operation of the power system. In this paper, combined with the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), the Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBF) and the Least Square Support Vector Machine (SVM), an improved wind speed prediction model based on Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD-RBF-LS-SVM) is proposed. The prediction result indicates that compared with the traditional prediction model (RBF, LS-SVM), the EMD-RBF-LS-SVM model can weaken the random fluctuation to a certain extent and improve the short-term accuracy of wind speed prediction significantly. In a word, this research will significantly reduce the impact of wind power instability on the power grid, ensure the power grid supply and demand balance, reduce the operating costs in the grid-connected systems, and enhance the market competitiveness of the wind power.
Anomalous diffusion of lightly implanted As into Si substrate during N2 annealing (1994)

We observe the anomalous diffusion of lightly implanted As into Si substrate during conventional furnace anneal in nitrogen ambient. The anomalous behavior shows two conspicuous features in the near-surface region and in the tail region. In the near-surface region reaching about 30–50 nm from the interface, a large number of As atoms moves toward the oxide/Si interface, and occasionally accumulates in a narrow region about 10–20 nm from the interface. Retarded diffusion is observed in the tail region. The diffusivity in the tail region increases with the increase of annealing time.
Covalent Organic Frameworks: Design, Synthesis, and Functions (2020)

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of crystalline porous organic polymers with permanent porosity and highly ordered structures. Unlike other polymers, a significant feature of COFs is that they are structurally predesignable, synthetically controllable, and functionally manageable. In principle, the topological design diagram offers geometric guidance for the structural tiling of extended porous polygons, and the polycondensation reactions provide synthetic ways to construct the predesigned primary and high-order structures. Progress over the past decade in the chemistry of these two aspects undoubtedly established the base of the COF field. By virtue of the availability of organic units and the diversity of topologies and linkages, COFs have emerged as a new field of organic materials that offer a powerful molecular platform for complex structural design and tailor-made functional development. Here we target a comprehensive review of the COF field, provide a historic overview of the chemistry of the COF field, survey the advances in the topology design and synthetic reactions, illustrate the structural features and diversities, scrutinize the development and potential of various functions through elucidating structure-function correlations based on interactions with photons, electrons, holes, spins, ions, and molecules, discuss the key fundamental and challenging issues that need to be addressed, and predict the future directions from chemistry, physics, and materials perspectives.
A two-factor protection scheme for MCC fingerprint templates (2014)

Minutia Cylinder-Code (MCC) is an effective representation for robust and fast fingerprint matching. To avoid that MCC templates can disclose sensitive information about position and angle of minutiae, a protected MCC representation was recently introduced (called P-MCC). In spite of a satisfactory level of accuracy and irreversibility, P-MCC templates cannot be revoked. In this paper we propose a two-factor protection scheme that makes P-MCC templates revocable.
Detection of Orthopoxvirus DNA by Real-Time PCR and Identification of Variola Virus DNA by Melting Analysis (2004)

Although variola virus was eradicated by the World Health Organization vaccination program in the 1970s, the diagnosis of smallpox infection has attracted great interest in the context of a possible deliberate release of variola virus in bioterrorist attacks. Obviously, fast and reliable diagnostic tools are required to detect variola virus and to distinguish it from orthopoxviruses that have identical morphological characteristics, including vaccinia virus. The advent of real-time PCR for the clinical diagnosis of viral infections has facilitated the detection of minute amounts of viral nucleic acids in a fast, safe, and precise manner, including the option to quantify and to genotype the target reliably. In this study a complete set of four hybridization probe-based real-time PCR assays for the specific detection of orthopoxvirus DNA is presented. Melting analysis following PCR enables the identification of variola virus by the PCR product's characteristic melting temperature, permitting the discrimination of variola virus from other orthopoxviruses. In addition, an assay for the specific amplification of variola virus DNA is presented. All assays can be performed simultaneously in the same cycler, and results of a PCR run are obtained in less than 1 h. The application of more than one assay for the same organism significantly contributes to the diagnostic reliability, reducing the risk of false-negative results due to unknown sequence variations. In conclusion, the assays presented will improve the speed and reliability of orthopoxvirus diagnostics and variola virus identification.
Future Horizons in Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement: Lessons Learned During the Early Stages of Developing a Transluminal Implantation Technique (2004)

The aim of this study was to develop a heart valve prosthesis that could be transluminally inserted through the infrarenal aorta in pigs and the femoral artery in humans. Therefore, this valve prosthesis had to be foldable to a diameter of approximately 8 mm, self-expandable when released in the vascular system, and equipped with an anchoring mechanism. For implantation, a suitable catheter delivery system for insertion via the abdominal aorta in pigs also was designed. Furthermore, an operation method, including positioning of the catheter delivery system and deployment of the valved stent under fluoroscopic and echocardiographic control, was developed. A series of different prototypes of the valved stents and catheter delivery systems was produced to optimize design and handling. These prototypes were tested in vitro in a circulation model, and those showing satisfying hemodynamic properties were implanted in pigs as in vivo studies afterwards. The valved stents had a good hemodynamic function in vitro and in vivo with no more than a mild regurgitation or stenosis. Valve movements were satisfying, and the design proved to be generally feasible. However, positioning and anchoring were still difficult; some stents were tilted in the lumen or migrated after implantation.
Regenerative Adaptation to Electrochemical Perturbation in Planaria: A Molecular Analysis of Physiological Plasticity (2019)

Anatomical homeostasis results from dynamic interactions between gene expression, physiology, and the external environment. Owing to its complexity, this cellular and organism-level phenotypic plasticity is still poorly understood. We establish planarian regeneration as a model for acquired tolerance to environments that alter endogenous physiology. Exposure to barium chloride (BaCl<sub>2</sub>) results in a rapid degeneration of anterior tissue in Dugesia japonica. Remarkably, continued exposure to fresh solution of BaCl<sub>2</sub> results in regeneration of heads that are insensitive to BaCl<sub>2</sub>. RNA-seq revealed transcriptional changes in BaCl<sub>2</sub>-adapted heads that suggests a model of adaptation to excitotoxicity. Loss-of-function experiments confirmed several predictions: blockage of chloride and calcium channels allowed heads to survive initial BaCl<sub>2</sub> exposure, inducing adaptation without prior exposure, whereas blockade of TRPM channels reversed adaptation. Such highly adaptive plasticity may represent an attractive target for biomedical strategies in a wide range of applications beyond its immediate relevance to excitotoxicity preconditioning.
Fast measurement of the peak junction temperature of power transistors using electrical method (2002)

An electrical technique is described which can perform a fast measurement of the peak junction temperature of power transistors. The fundamental principles of this technique are summarized as three modifications to the standard electrical technique for measuring the junction temperature. Personal-computer-controlled equipment has been developed based on these principles. In comparison with the infrared-measured peak junction temperature, the measuring error of the equipment is within 8%, whereas the error of the standard electrical method may be up to 50% under the same conditions. The equipment reported here can provide convenience for device manufacturers and users in evaluating device thermal behavior and conducting reliability screening.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Regulatory targets for transcription factor AP2 in <i>Xenopus</i> embryos (2005)

The transcription factor AP2 (TFAP2) has an important role in regulating gene expression in both epidermis and neural crest cells. In order to further characterize these functions we have used a hormone inducible TFAP2alpha fusion protein in a Xenopus animal cap assay to identify downstream targets of this factor. The most common pattern comprised genes predominantly expressed in the epidermis. A second group was expressed at high levels in the neural crest, but all of these were also expressed in the epidermis as well as in other tissues in which TFAP2alpha has not been detected, suggesting modular control involving both TFAP2-dependent and TFAP2-independent components. In addition, a few strongly induced genes did not overlap at all in expression pattern with that of TFAP2alpha in the early embryo, and were also activated precociously in the experimentally manipulated ectoderm, and thus likely represent inappropriate regulatory interactions. A final group was identified that were repressed by TFAP2alpha and were expressed in the neural plate. These results provide further support for the importance of TFAP2alpha in ectoderm development, and also highlight the molecular linkage between the epidermis and neural crest in the Xenopus embryo.
Elastic-wave attenuation in fluid-saturated Berea Sandstone (1989)

Abstract In a previous publication (O'Hara, 1985), I presented detailed measurements on the attenuation of elastic waves in fluid-saturated Berea sandstone. These measurements were used in a systematic empirical study of the frequency dependence of attenuation as a function of external pressure applied to the sandstone, pore fluid pressure, and the saturated sandstone temperature. Two pore fluids were used in the study: a brine solution and n-heptane. I measured the attenuation of the extensional and torsional rod modes of cylindrical specimens of the sandstone at identical conditions of pressure and temperature for each of the two fluids.