gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spherical Harmonic Decomposition of a Sound Field Using Microphones on a Circumferential Contour Around a Non-Spherical Baffle (2022)

Spherical harmonic (SH) representations of sound fields are usually obtained from microphone arrays with rigid spherical baffles whereby the microphones are distributed over the entire surface of the baffle. We present a method that overcomes the requirement for the baffle to be spherical. Furthermore, the microphones can be placed along a circumferential contour around the baffle. This greatly reduces the required number of microphones for a given spatial resolution compared to conventional spherical arrays. Our method is based on the analytical solution for SH decomposition based on observations along the equator of a rigid sphere that we presented recently. It incorporates a calibration stage in which the microphone signals due to a suitable set of calibration sound fields are projected onto the SH decomposition of those same sound fields on the surface of a notional rigid sphere by means of a linear filtering operation. The filter coefficients are computed from the calibration data via a least/squares fit. We present an evaluation of the method based on the application of binaural rendering of the SH decomposition of the signals from an 18/element array that uses a human head as the baffle and that provides 8th ambisonic order. We analyse the accuracy and robustness of our method based on simulated data as well as based on measured data from a prototype.
Single-shot phase-shifting digital holography (2014)

We propose a digital holographic imaging system that is capable of recording/measuring the amplitude and phase of an optical wavefront in a single shot. Based on the principle of digital holography (DH), the proposed system uses a reference beam to interfere with the light field under investigation and digitally records/measures the in-phase and quadrature interference patterns. Single-shot in-phase and quadrature interference pattern recording is made possible by incorporating the technologies widely used in coherent optical communication. Specifically, a free-space optical 90-deg hybrid is employed to measure the complex (real and imaginary) optical field. We have constructed a single-shot phase-shifting digital holography system and experimentally demonstrated its operation.
Abstract 981: The design and characterization of a selective TRIM24 degrader (2017)

Abstract A fundamental biological understanding of the individual contributions of functional domains within multidomain proteins is critical to inform therapeutic approaches to targeting mechanisms driving human disease. TRIM24 is a multi-domain protein that has been broadly characterized as a co-regulator of transcription. It is therapeutically relevant as it is implicated as a dependency in many human cancers, however, the potent and selective inhibitors of the TRIM24 bromodomain do not have well-characterized phenotypic consequences. Where inhibition of one activity of a protein does not appear to be efficacious, chemical knockdown tools allow for the acute depletion of the entire protein, therefore eliminating all protein activities. In this study, we have used chemical degradation as one strategy to target the entire TRIM24 protein, where we have shown that a bifunctional degrader molecule hijacks the ubiquitin ligase machinery for targeted TRIM24 degradation. We have shown that TRIM24 degradation is required to perturb the oncogenic state in leukemia. In this context, TRIM24 degradation rather than bromodomain inhibition alone is required to displace TRIM24 from chromatin. Using this probe, a further understanding of the contribution of TRIM24 domains to its transcriptional activation function will provide mechanistic insight as to how TRIM24 promotes a gene expression program permissive of the oncogenic state, as well as inform a therapeutic approach to target multidomain proteins, such as TRIM24, that are tightly linked to disease. Citation Format: Lara N. Gechijian, Dennis Buckley, Matthew Lawlor, Thomas Scott, Joshiawa Paulk, Jaime Reyes, Georg Winter, Michael Erb, Chris Ott, Sirano Dhe-Paganon, James Bradner. The design and characterization of a selective TRIM24 degrader [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 981. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-981
Linear and second-order nonlinear-optical properties of side-chain and cross-linked polymers (1990)

Polymers with polymethyl acrylate backbone and pendant nonlinear optical (NLO) side groups with azomethine linkage 1 have been synthesized. The concentration of the NLO active moieties is varied by preparing copolymers in which the comonomer is methyl methacrylate. The thermal behavior of these polymers has been characterized by using differential scanning calorimetry. The linear optical properties, such as absorption and refractive index, have been measured. Thin-film slab waveguides of the polymer on glass and silicon/SiO 2 substrates have been fabricated with losses less than 1 cm -1 . Second-order nonlinear susceptibility ( d 33 ) of corona-poled films has been measured by second-harmonic generation from 1.06 μ m laser radiation. The temporal stability of the induced second-order susceptibility has been investigated, and compared with the stability of cross-linkable 2 polymer-host systems.
High-power soliton fiber laser based on pulse width control with chirped fiber Bragg gratings (1995)

Chirped fiber Bragg gratings control the pulse width and energy in Kerr mode-locked erbium fiber soliton lasers. We create high-energy pulses by providing large amounts of excessive negative dispersion, which increases the pulse width while keeping the nonlinearity of the cavity constant. With a chirped fiber grating of 3.4-ps(2) dispersion, 3-ps pulses with an energy content higher than 1 nJ are generated at a repetition rate of 27 MHz. By controlling the polarization state in the cavity, we obtain a tuning range from 1.550 to 1.562 mu;m.
Diazonium‐Based Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes: XPS and GC—MS Analysis and Mechanistic Implications. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Coexpression of potato type I and II proteinase inhibitors gives cotton plants protection against insect damage in the field (2010)

Potato type I and II serine protease inhibitors are produced by solanaceous plants as a defense mechanism against insects and microbes. Nicotiana alata proteinase inhibitor (NaPI) is a multidomain potato type II inhibitor (pin II) that is produced at high levels in the female reproductive tissues of the ornamental tobacco, Nicotiana alata. The individual inhibitory domains of NaPI target the major classes of digestive enzymes, trypsin and chymotrypsin, in the gut of lepidopteran larval pests. Although consumption of NaPI dramatically reduced the growth and development of a major insect pest, Helicoverpa punctigera, we discovered that surviving larvae had high levels of chymotrypsin activity resistant to inhibition by NaPI. We found a potato type I inhibitor, Solanum tuberosum potato type I inhibitor (StPin1A), was a strong inhibitor of the NaPI-resistant chymotrypsin activity. The combined inhibitory effect of NaPI and StPin1A on H. armigera larval growth in the laboratory was reflected in the increased yield of cotton bolls in field trials of transgenic plants expressing both inhibitors. Better crop protection thus is achieved using combinations of inhibitors in which one class of proteinase inhibitor is used to match the genetic capacity of an insect to adapt to a second class of proteinase inhibitor.
The contribution of sensory system functional connectivity reduction to clinical pain in fibromyalgia (2014)

Fibromyalgia typically presents with spontaneous body pain with no apparent cause and is considered pathophysiologically to be a functional disorder of somatosensory processing. We have investigated potential associations between the degree of self-reported clinical pain and resting-state brain functional connectivity at different levels of putative somatosensory integration. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was obtained in 40 women with fibromyalgia and 36 control subjects. A combination of functional connectivity-based measurements were used to assess (1) the basic pain signal modulation system at the level of the periaqueductal gray (PAG); (2) the sensory cortex with an emphasis on the parietal operculum/secondary somatosensory cortex (SII); and (3) the connectivity of these regions with the self-referential "default mode" network. Compared with control subjects, a reduction of functional connectivity was identified across the 3 levels of neural processing, each showing a significant and complementary correlation with the degree of clinical pain. Specifically, self-reported pain in fibromyalgia patients correlated with (1) reduced connectivity between PAG and anterior insula; (2) reduced connectivity between SII and primary somatosensory, visual, and auditory cortices; and (3) increased connectivity between SII and the default mode network. The results confirm previous research demonstrating abnormal functional connectivity in fibromyalgia and show that alterations at different levels of sensory processing may contribute to account for clinical pain. Importantly, reduced functional connectivity extended beyond the somatosensory domain and implicated visual and auditory sensory modalities. Overall, this study suggests that a general weakening of sensory integration underlies clinical pain in fibromyalgia.
Preparation of Transparent Thin Film of Novel Apatite-based Photocatalyst (2005)

Abstract Novel apatite-based photocatalyst (TiHAP) films have been prepared by wet process. The films have high transparency with little infringing color. SEM, XPS, and UV–vis analyses were carried out, and it was revealed that the obtained films were similar to TiHAP powder. The films showed photocatalytic activity against adsorbed Methylene Blue and gaseous isopropyl alcohol and no photoinduced hydrophilicity.
DC bus voltage clamp method to prevent over-voltage failures in adjustable speed drives (2010)

The influences of PWM switching and long cable length on motor insulations have been discussed in numerous papers. This paper investigates their effect on the voltage insulation components inside an Adjustable Speed Drive (ASD). This paper shows that high potential voltage insulation issue may exist on various components inside the ASD and cause earlier failures under very long cable or multiple drive conditions. A system model to describe this phenomenon is described in the paper. A DC bus voltage clamp circuit is proposed to reduce these voltage stresses. The effectiveness of this circuit is verified by both simulation and experimental results.
Results from the microminiature thermionic converter demonstration testing program (2000)

Research is in progress to develop microminiature thermionic converters (MTCS) with high energy conversion efficiencies and variable operating temperatures using semiconductor integrated circuit (IC) fabrication methods. The use of IC techniques allows the fabrication of MTCS with cathode to anode spacing of several microns or less and with anode and cathode materials that will have work fimctions ranging from 1 eV to 3 eV. The small cathode to anode spacing and variable electrode work functions should allow the conversion of heat energy to relatively large current densities (up to tens of Amps/cmz) at relatively high conversion efficiencies ( 15-25%).
Erythroid expression of the heme-regulated eIF-2 alpha kinase. (1994)

The role of heme-regulated eIF-2 alpha kinase (HRI) in the regulation of protein synthesis in rabbit reticulocytes is well documented. Inhibitors of protein synthesis with properties similar to those of HRI have been described in some nonerythroid cell types, but it has not yet been determined whether these eIF-2 alpha kinase activities are mediated by HRI or one or more as yet uncharacterized kinases. We have studied the expression of mRNA, polypeptide, and kinase activities of HRI in various tissues from both nonanemic and anemic rabbits. Our results indicate that HRI is expressed in an erythroid cell-specific manner. HRI is present in the bone marrow and peripheral blood of both nonanemic and anemic rabbits but not in any of the other tissues tested. HRI mRNA is present at low levels in uninduced mouse erythroleukemic (MEL) cells and human K562 cells and accumulates to higher levels upon induction. The accumulation of HRI mRNA in differentiating MEL cells is dependent upon the presence of heme. The addition of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AT), an inhibitor of heme biosynthesis, to the induction medium markedly reduced HRI mRNA accumulation. Simultaneous addition of hemin and AT to the dimethyl sulfoxide induction medium largely prevented the inhibition of HRI mRNA induction by AT. These findings indicate that HRI is expressed in an erythroid cell-specific manner and that the major physiologic role of HRI is in adjusting the synthesis of globins to the availability of heme.
Depolymerization of lignin for biological conversion through sulfonation and a chelator-mediated Fenton reaction. (2021)

Abstract not provided.
An 8-channel scalable EEG acquisition SoC with fully integrated patient-specific seizure classification and recording processor (2012)

Tracking seizure activity to determine proper medication requires a small form factor, ultra-low power sensor with continuous EEG classification. Technical challenges arise from: 1) patient-to-patient variation of seizure pattern on EEG, 2) fully integrating an ultra-low power variable dynamic range instrumentation circuits with seizure detection processor, and 3) reducing communication overhead. Reference [1] extracted EEG features locally on-chip to reduce the data being transmitted, and saved power by 1/14 when compared to raw EEG data transmission. However, it still needs data transmission and off-chip classification to detect and to store seizure activity. This paper presents an ultra-low power scalable EEG acquisition SoC for continuous seizure detection and recording with fully integrated patient-specific Support Vector Machine (SVM)-based classification processor.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties Formed through Multidirectional Large Strain Caliber Rolling Using Oval Grooves and Square Grooves (2008)

Multidirectional warm caliber rolling process using oval grooves and square grooves was developed. Microstructure and mechanical properties obtained by this process in a low carbon steel were investigated. Ultrafine grains with high angle grain boundaries were generated in the center region in a material by just 2-pass oval-square caliber rolling. The region having ultrafine ferrite grains expanded along with rolling and almost all of region was occupied with ultrafine ferrite grains with high angle grain boundaries by 6-pass oval-square caliber rolling. Although apparent rolling reduction in this 6-pass oval-square process is 71%, large plastic strain larger than 3 can be introduced into materials due to the effect of multidirectional deformation. Comparing with square-square caliber rolling in which 21-pass is required to obtain fully ultrafine grained structure, oval-square caliber rolling is very efficient process to create ultrafine microstructure.
Sulfite pretreatment to overcome recalcitrance of lignocellulose (SPORL) for robust enzymatic saccharification of hardwoods (2009)

This study demonstrates sulfite pretreatment to overcome recalcitrance of lignocellulose (SPORL) for robust bioconversion of hardwoods. With only about 4% sodium bisulfite charge on aspen and 30-min pretreatment at temperature 180 degrees C, SPORL can achieve near-complete cellulose conversion to glucose in a wide range of pretreatment liquor of pH 2.0-4.5 in only about 10 h enzymatic hydrolysis. The enzyme loading was about 20 FPU cellulase plus 30 CBU beta-glucosidase per gram of cellulose. The production of fermentation inhibitor furfural was less than 20 mg/g of aspen wood at pH 4.5. With pH 4.5, SPORL avoided reactor corrosion problem and eliminated the need for substrate neutralization prior to enzymatic hydrolysis. Similar results were obtained from maple and eucalyptus.
First Soluble M@C<sub>60</sub> Derivatives Provide Enhanced Access to Metallofullerenes and Permit in Vivo Evaluation of Gd@C<sub>60</sub>[C(COOH)<sub>2</sub>]<sub>10</sub> as a MRI Contrast Agent (2003)

M@C(60) and related endohedral metallofullerenes comprise a significant portion of the metallofullerene yield in the traditional arc synthesis, but their chemistry and potential applications have been largely overlooked because of their sparse solubility. In this work, procedures are described to solublize Gd@C(60) species for the first time by forming the derivative, Gd@C(60)[C(COOCH(2)CH(3))(2)](10), and its hydrolyzed water-soluble form, Gd@C(60)[C(COOH)(2)](10). Imparting water solubility to Gd@C(60) permits its evaluation as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent. Relaxometry measurements for Gd@C(60)[C(COOH)(2)](10) reveal it to possess a relaxivity (4.6 mM(-1) s(-1) at 20 MHz and 40 degrees C) comparable to that of commercially available Gd(III) chelate-based MRI agents. An in vivo MRI biodistribution study in a rodent model reveals Gd@C(60)[C(COOH)(2)](10) to possess the first non-reticuloendothelial system (RES) localizing behavior for a water-soluble endohedral metallofullerene species, consistent with its lack of intermolecular aggregation in solution as determined by light-scattering measurements. This first derivatization and use of a M@C(60) species suggests new potential for metallofullerene technologies by reducing reliance on the chromatographic purification procedures normally employed for the far less abundant M@C(82) and related endohedrals. The recognition that water-soluble fullerene derivatives can be designed to avoid high levels of RES uptake is an important step toward fullerene-based pharmaceutical development.
Motion guided segmentation of the right ventricle for 3D cine DENSE MRI (2013)

Cine displacement encoding with stimulated echoes (cine DENSE) [1] allows myocardial motion to be tracked through the cardiac cycle at a pixel resolution [2]. Manually delineating the myocardium is currently the most time-consuming and labor-intensive component of cine DENSE image analysis. We introduce a novel segmentation method that makes use of the cine DENSE myocardial motion information to project a single manually drawn contour onto all cardiac phases.
Design, development and production of nano-particle-based anticancer vaccine targeting human aspartyl (asparaginyl) β-hydroxylase (HAAH) (2013)

Meeting abstracts HAAH is a protein that is over-expressed in cancer cells and is presented on the surface of the cells and in the growth zone of the tumors. It plays a central role in the etiology of cancer, namely, in proliferation, motility and invasion. It is, however, an embryonic protein
The selective 5-HT1A receptor agonist, NLX-112, overcomes tetrabenazine-induced catalepsy and depression-like behavior in the rat (2022)

Tetrabenazine, a preferential inhibitor of the vesicular monoamine transporter type 2, depletes the brain monoamines dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine. Tetrabenazine and deutetrabenazine (Austedo ®) are used to treat chorea associated with Huntington's disease. However, both compounds are known to aggravate Parkinsonism and depression observed in Huntington's disease patients. NLX-112 (a.k.a. befiradol/F13640) is a highly selective, potent and efficacious serotonin 5-HT 1A agonist. In animal models, it has robust efficacy in combating other iatrogenic motor disorders such as L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia and has marked antidepressant-like activity in rodent tests. In the present study, we investigated, in rats, the efficacy of NLX-112 to counteract tetrabenazine-induced catalepsy (a model of Parkinsonism) and tetrabenazine-induced potentiation of immobility in the forced swim test (FST, a model to detect antidepressant-like activity). The prototypical 5-HT 1A agonist, (±)8-OH-DPAT, and the 5-HT 1A partial agonist/dopamine D2 receptor blocker, buspirone, were used as comparators. Both NLX-112 and (±)8-OH-DPAT (0.16-2.5 mg/kg p.o. or s.c., respectively) abolished catalepsy induced by tetrabenazine (2 mg/kg i.p.). In comparison, buspirone (0.63-5.0 mg/kg p.o.) was ineffective and even tended to potentiate tetrabenazine-induced catalepsy at 0.63 mg/kg. In the FST, NLX-112 and (±)8-OH-DPAT (0.63 mg/kg) strongly reduced immobility when administered alone but also significantly opposed potentiation of immobility induced by tetrabenazine (1.5 mg/kg i.p.). Buspirone (0.63 and 2.5 mg/kg p.o.) had no effect by itself or against tetrabenazine. These results strongly suggest that selective and highly efficacious 5-HT 1A agonists, such as NLX-112, may be useful in combating tetrabenazine-induced Parkinsonism and/or depression in Huntington's disease patients.
The CNN universal machine: an analogic array computer (1993)

A new invention, the cellular neural network (CNN) universal machine and supercomputer, is presented. This is the first algorithmically programmable analog array computer having real-time and supercomputer power on a single chip. The CNN universal machine is described, emphasizing its programmability as well as global and distributed analog memory and logic, high throughput via electromagnetic waves, and complex cells that may be used also for simulating a broad class of PDEs. Its implementation, the CNN universal chip, is also described, along with its use of a multichip supercomputer. Other types of hardware implementations are also briefly discussed. Details of the algorithmic aspects of the new type of analogic (analog logic) algorithms, as well as the analogic software (language, compiler, machine code, etc.) are explained, along with a brief description of the available CNN workstation for implementing and simulating these new concepts. A broad range of applications is reviewed, including neuromorphic computing, programmable physics, programmable chemistry, and programmable bionics.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>