gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Computer vision and augmented reality in gastrointestinal endoscopy: Figure 1. (2015)

Augmented reality (AR) is an environment-enhancing technology, widely applied in the computer sciences, which has only recently begun to permeate the medical field. Gastrointestinal endoscopy-which relies on the integration of high-definition video data with pathologic correlates-requires endoscopists to assimilate and process a tremendous amount of data in real time. We believe that AR is well positioned to provide computer-guided assistance with a wide variety of endoscopic applications, beginning with polyp detection. In this article, we review the principles of AR, describe its potential integration into an endoscopy set-up, and envisage a series of novel uses. With close collaboration between physicians and computer scientists, AR promises to contribute significant improvements to the field of endoscopy.
Novel Dications with Unfused Aromatic Systems: Trithiophene and Trifuran Derivatives of Furimidazoline (2001)

We report the synthesis, interaction with DNA, topoisomerase II inhibition, and cytotoxicity of two novel unfused aromatic dications derived from the antimicrobial agent furimidazoline. The central diphenylfuran core of furimidazoline has been replaced with a trithiophene (DB358) or a trifuran (DB669) unit and the terminal imidazoline groups were preserved. The strength and mode of binding of the drugs to nucleic acids were investigated by complementary spectroscopic techniques including spectrophotometric, surface plasmon resonance, circular and linear dichroism measurements. The trifuran derivative forms intercalation complexes with double-stranded DNA, whereas the mode of binding of the trithiophene derivative varies depending on the drug/DNA ratio, as independently confirmed by NMR spectroscopic studies performed with (A-T)7 and (G-C)7 oligomers. Two-dimensional NMR data provided a molecular model for the binding of DB358 within the minor groove of the AATT sequence of the decanucleotide d(GCGAATTCGC)2. DNase I footprinting experiments confirmed the sequence-dependent binding of DB358 to DNA. The trithiophene derivative interacts preferentially with AT-rich sequences at low concentrations, but can accomodate GC sites at higher concentrations. DNA relaxation assays revealed that DB358 stimulated DNA cleavage by topoisomerase II, in contrast to DB669. The substitution of N-alkylamidines for the imidazoline terminal groups abolished the capacity of the drug to poison topoisomerase II. At the cellular level, flow cytometry analysis indicated that DB358, which is about six times more cytotoxic than the trifuran analogue, induced a significant accumulation of HL-60 human leukemia cells in the G2/M phase. The incorporation of thiophene heterocycles appears as a convenient procedure to limit the strict AT selectivity of dications containing an extended unfused aromatic system and to design cytotoxic DNA intercalating agents acting as poisons for human topoisomerase II.
Deaf Students’ Perception of Wellbeing and Social and Emotional Skill Development within School: A Critical Examination of the Literature (2022)

This article presents the culmination of the first author’s experience of work at a Deaf Education Centre in Aotearoa New Zealand, alongside the themes stemming from a literature review on wellbeing and the development and maintenance of social and emotional skills for deaf students in both mainstream and special education. The predominant themes identified suggest inconclusive outcomes for students being placed in mainstream or special education in terms of wellbeing and its components such as belonging, identity, and the development of social and emotional skills. Areas for ongoing development and research are outlined, including a need to ascertain the student voice in future research and intervention.
Specific Antibodies to Hemoglobin A1 (anti-Glu) and Hemoglobin S (anti-Val) in the Guinea Pig: Immunologic and Structural Correlations (1978)

Like goats and sheep, guinea pigs can produce, in response to human sickle cell hemoglobin (beta6 Glu leads to Val), an antibody population (anti-Val) that will bind sickle cell hemoglobin but not normal hemoglobin HbA. Unlike goats and sheep, guinea pigs can produce in response to human hemoglobin A1 an antibody fraction, anti-Glu, that will not react with human sickle cell hemoglobin. These anti-Glu antibodies have been isolated by affinity chromatography and their specificity confirmed by fluorescence-quenching titrations. The sequence of the first 10 amino acids of the beta-chain of guinea pig hemoglobin has been determined. This sequence differs from those of both hemoglobin HbA and sickle cell hemoglobin by two residues, those at positions 5 and 6. This explains the similarity of the immunogenicity of this site on the two human hemoglobins when administered to guinea pigs. Both goats and sheep are identical to hemoglobin A1 at the beta-6 position.
A Big Data Enabled Channel Model for 5G Wireless Communication Systems (2018)

The standardization process of the fifth generation (5G) wireless communications has recently been accelerated and the first commercial 5G services would be provided as early as in 2018. The increasing of enormous smartphones, new complex scenarios, large frequency bands, massive antenna elements, and dense small cells will generate big datasets and bring 5G communications to the era of big data. This paper investigates various applications of big data analytics, especially machine learning algorithms in wireless communications and channel modeling. We propose a big data and machine learning enabled wireless channel model framework. The proposed channel model is based on artificial neural networks (ANNs), including feed-forward neural network (FNN) and radial basis function neural network (RBF-NN). The input parameters are transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) coordinates, Tx-Rx distance, and carrier frequency, while the output parameters are channel statistical properties, including the received power, root mean square (RMS) delay spread (DS), and RMS angle spreads (ASs). Datasets used to train and test the ANNs are collected from both real channel measurements and a geometry based stochastic model (GBSM). Simulation results show good performance and indicate that machine learning algorithms can be powerful analytical tools for future measurement-based wireless channel modeling.
A crossed beam study of the reaction of CO<sup>+</sup>with O<sub>2</sub> (1980)

Abstract A new crossed beam instrument for the investigation of ion-molecule reactions is described. The reaction CO++O2→CO2 ++O has been studied over the range of initial relative translational energies from 1·8 to 10 eV. The cross-section increases as the energy is raised to 5 eV and then decreases as the energy is increased further. The reaction proceeds by a direct mechanism at all energies, though at low energies there are substantial interactions between all four atoms. As the initial energy is raised the mechanism becomes more impulsive and there is evidence for the formation of products in an excited electronic state.
A Map of Recent Positive Selection in the Human Genome (2006)

The identification of signals of very recent positive selection provides information about the adaptation of modern humans to local conditions. We report here on a genome-wide scan for signals of very recent positive selection in favor of variants that have not yet reached fixation. We describe a new analytical method for scanning single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data for signals of recent selection, and apply this to data from the International HapMap Project. In all three continental groups we find widespread signals of recent positive selection. Most signals are region-specific, though a significant excess are shared across groups. Contrary to some earlier low resolution studies that suggested a paucity of recent selection in sub-Saharan Africans, we find that by some measures our strongest signals of selection are from the Yoruba population. Finally, since these signals indicate the existence of genetic variants that have substantially different fitnesses, they must indicate loci that are the source of significant phenotypic variation. Though the relevant phenotypes are generally not known, such loci should be of particular interest in mapping studies of complex traits. For this purpose we have developed a set of SNPs that can be used to tag the strongest approximately 250 signals of recent selection in each population.
FROM CRYSTAL TO CRYSTAL EXPERTLY (2003)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTFROM CRYSTAL TO CRYSTAL EXPERTLYResearchers demonstrate strategy for total control of crystal architectureMAUREEN ROUHICite this: Chem. Eng. News 2003, 81, 42, 8Publication Date (Print):October 20, 2003Publication History Published online13 November 2010Published inissue 20 October 2003https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v081n042.p008https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v081n042.p008newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2003 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views17Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Crystals Get e-Alerts
How to increase your business reactivity with MDA/UML? (2003)

For the last few years, companies have tried to develop their software systems with use case driven development processes. This practice brings many benefits by allowing you to concentrate your analysis and design efforts on the usage dimension of a system. However, modeling a system with only use-case driven UML specifications does not allow good levels of business reactivity (= response time necessary for a business system for implementing changes as required by its controlled process of adaptation to its environment). Implementing requested changes as a reaction to new requirements for time-to-market is still very much a challenge for organizations.
Production of Kefir from Soymilk With or Without Added Glucose, Lactose, or Sucrose (2000)

ABSTRACT: The effects of added glucose, lactose, and sucrose on microbial growth, acid, and ethanol production, and galactosidase activity in soymilk fermented with kefir grains were studied. Immediately after the addition of kefir grains to soymilk, the lactic‐acid bacterial counts were higher, but the yeast counts were lower than in milk kefir. After fermentation for 32 h, the concentrations of yeast, lactic acid, and ethanol in soymilk were significantly lower than those in milk kefir. Addition of 1% glucose to soymilk stimulated growth of lactic‐acid bacteria and yeast, the production of lactic acid and ethanol, and the β‐galactosidase activity. Nevertheless α‐ galactosidase activity was suppressed by 1% glucose.
Reducing Routing Overhead in a Growing DDN (1986)

The Defense Data Network (DDN), based on ARPANET technology, is expanding rapidly. One segment of the DDN, the MILNET, will include 250 packet switching nodes by the end of 1987 and as many as 700 by 1991. One obstacle that must be overcome to allow this growth is the overhead associated with the current ARPANET dynamic routing mechanism. Both link utilization due to routing updates and routing computational load are roughly proportional to network size. This paper presents three approaches to reducing routing overhead and includes both modifications to the existing routing scheme and a design for a hierarchical extension.
Semi-Automated Road Detection From High Resolution Satellite Images by Directional Morphological Enhancement and Segmentation Techniques (2012)

Extraction of map objects such roads, rivers and buildings from high resolution satellite imagery is an important task in many civilian and military applications. We present a semi-automatic approach for road detection that achieves high accuracy and efficiency. This method exploits the properties of road segments to develop customized operators to accurately derive the road segments. The customized operators include directional morphological enhancement, directional segmentation and thinning. We have systematically evaluated the algorithm on a variety of images from IKONOS, QuickBird, CARTOSAT-2A satellites and carefully compared it with the techniques presented in literature. The results demonstrate that the algorithm proposed is both accurate and efficient.
Dissociation of Intracellular Signaling Pathways in Response to Partial Agonist Ligands of the T Cell Receptor (1998)

The T cell receptor (TCR) is a versatile receptor able to generate different signals that result in distinct T cell responses. The pattern of early signals is determined by the TCR binding kinetics that control the ability of the ligand to coengage TCR and coreceptor. Coengagement of TCR and CD4 results in an agonist signaling pattern with complete tyrosine phosphorylation of TCR subunits, and recruitment and activation of ZAP-70. In contrast, TCR engagement without CD4 coengagement causes a partial agonist type of signaling, characterized by distinct phosphorylation of TCR subunits and recruitment but no activation of ZAP-70. The pathways triggered by partial agonist signaling are unknown. Here, we show that agonists cause association of active lck and active ZAP-70 with p120-GTPase-activating protein (p120-GAP). These associations follow engagement of CD4 or CD3, respectively. In contrast, partial agonists do not activate lck or ZAP-70, but induce association of p120-GAP with inactive ZAP-70. Despite these differences, both agonist and partial agonist signals activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. However, MAPK activation by partial agonists is transient, supporting a kinetic, CD4-dependent model for the mechanism of action of variant TCR ligands. Transient MAPK activation may explain some of the responses to TCR partial agonists and antagonists.
Ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone in the presence of dicarboxylic acids (1994)

Abstract The ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone (ε‐CL) has been investigated in the presence of succinic acid in nitrogen atmosphere at 225°C. Analysis of the resultant polymers suggests that the poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) obtained has two terminal carboxylic groups. VPO, 1 H NMR and titration are used to determine the number‐average molecular weight of the PCL obtained at ε‐CL to acid molar ratios of 4, 8, 12, 14, 16 and 20, respectively. It is found that the molecular weight of the PCL is not related to the ratio of ε‐CL to succinic acid except for low ε‐CL concentrations. At a molar ratio of 14, the molecular weight of PCL reaches a maximum at a reaction time of 3 h. Beyond 3 h the ester exchange reaction becomes predominant, and the molecular weight approaches the equilibrium value ( M̄ e ) due to the ratio of ε‐CL to succinic acid in the feed.
Collaborative indexing over networked information resources by distributed agents (1994)

Various information tools have appeared to help users locate and retrieve information resources over the Internet. The amount of information resources is increasing dramatically, and it is necessary to use indexing services to deal with the scalability problems. Existing indexing systems collect index data periodically from information servers only. Thus the users of indexing systems lack a common framework where they can share their heuristic information on available resources. This paper introduces collaborative indexing for gathering index data from users. The indexing system is seamlessly integrated with existing information tools. In our model, a group of users with a common view shares feedback of resource discovery. One user's feedback about searches is used by future users to help locate relevant resources. We implemented a prototype system where agents share index data by weighted association. Each agent defines its domain by the community and topic the agent serves. Agents gather users' feedback and use it to change weight values of associations. By doing this, users are relieved from a large volume of irrelevant resources in a global search space, and get more closely related matches to the search request.
Sympathetic Modulation of Radial Artery Compliance in Congestive Heart Failure (1995)

Animal studies have suggested that arterial compliance can be modulated by adrenergic influences. Whether this adrenergic modulation also occurs in humans is still a matter of debate. In the present article we address this issue by examining the relationships between sympathetic tone and arterial compliance in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological conditions. We have found that cigarette smoking, ie, an action that produces a marked sympathetic activation, causes a significant reduction in radial artery compliance, as measured by an echotracking device capable of providing continuous beat-to-beat evaluation of this hemodynamic variable. When expressed as compliance index, ie, as the ratio between the area under the compliance-pressure curve and pulse pressure, the reduction amounted to 35.7 +/- 4.8% (mean +/- SEM) and was independent of the smoking-related blood pressure increase. Furthermore, pharmacological stimulation of adrenergic receptors located in the arterial wall was also shown to affect arterial compliance because the radial artery compliance index was markedly reduced (- 29.5 +/- 3.9%) during phenylephrine infusion in the brachial artery at doses devoid of any systemic blood pressure effect. Evidence was also obtained that the relationship between sympathetic activation and arterial compliance has pathophysiological relevance, because in 17 patients with congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association classes II through IV) there was a significant inverse correlation (r = .62, P < .01) between muscle sympathetic nerve activity (directly measured by microneurography in the peroneal nerve) and radial artery compliance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
AiiA, an enzyme that inactivates the acylhomoserine lactone quorum-sensing signal and attenuates the virulence of Erwinia carotovora (2000)

N-acylhomoserine lactones, known as autoinducers (AIs), are widely conserved signal molecules present in quorum-sensing systems of many gram-negative bacteria. AIs are involved in the regulation of diverse biological functions, including expression of pathogenic genes in the plant pathogens Pseudomonas solanacearum, several Erwinia species, and the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A bacterial isolate, Bacillus sp. 240B1, is capable of enzymatic inactivation of AIs. The gene (aiiA) for AI inactivation from Bacillus sp. 240B1 has been cloned and shown to encode a protein of 250 amino acids. Sequence alignment indicates that AiiA contains a "HXHXDH" zinc-binding motif that is conserved in several groups of metallohydrolases. Site-directed mutagenesis showed that conserved aspartate and most histidine residues are required for AiiA activity. Expression of aiiA in transformed Erwinia carotovora strain SCG1 significantly reduces the release of AI, decreases extracellular pectolytic enzyme activities, and attenuates pathogenicity on potato, eggplant, Chinese cabbage, carrot, celery, cauliflower, and tobacco. Our results indicate that the AI-inactivation approach represents a promising strategy for prevention of diseases in which virulence is regulated by AIs.
A cost-effective disposable graphene-modified electrode decorated with alternating layers of Au NPs for the simultaneous detection of dopamine and uric acid in human urine (2016)

A disposable electrode based on a highly sensitive and readily fabricated arrangement of alternating AuNP and graphene layers was introduced for the simultaneous determination of dopamine and uric acid.
Patient use of Visine (tetrahydrozoline) masks Horner syndrome (2007)

Horner syndrome may indicate a serious disorder such as carotid dissection, Pancoast tumour or medullary infarction. Autonomic headache syndromes such as cluster headache and hemicrania continua may also cause Horner syndrome.1 Absence of ptosis and pupillary miosis may delay the diagnosis and lead to grave consequences. We present a patient with painful Horner syndrome initially masked by Visine (tetrahydrozoline) use.

A 46-year-old man developed sudden-onset, severe right periorbital aching for 8 weeks. The pain was constant with intermittent exacerbations. He noted ptosis of the right upper lid and red eye for 1 week. He subsequently used Visine (tetrahydrozoline HCl 0.05%) several times daily in …
Robust Multilinear Tensor Rank Estimation Using Higher Order Singular Value Decomposition and Information Criteria (2016)

Model selection in tensor decomposition is important for real applications if the rank of the original data tensor is unknown and the observed tensor is noisy. In the Tucker model, the minimum description length (MDL) or Bayesian information criteria have been applied to tensors via matrix unfolding, but these methods are sensitive to noise when the tensors have a multilinear low rank structure given by the Tucker model. In this study, we propose new methods for improving the MDL so it is more robust to noise. The proposed methods are justified theoretically by analyzing the “multilinear low-rank structure” of tensors. Extensive experiments including numerical simulations and a real application to image denoising are provided to illustrate the advantages of the proposed methods.
Analysing The Principle of Thinking About Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine (2001)

The difference in mode of thinking is caused by thinking principle. In this article,the author probed into the thinking principles and thinking laws about Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine by the examples of drawing and characters of chinese and western.
Transmission properties of a multimode optical-fiber taper (1985)

A simple and useful formula governing the skew rays propagating through a multimode fiber taper has been derived by using geometrical optics. Using this formula, the transmission properties of the fiber taper are studied. The total light transmitted and the effective numerical aperture for both the meridional rays and the skew rays are compared with those of a uniform fiber.
The Role of Work Group Status as a Contextual Variable in RelationalDemography Research (2011)

In relational demography research, hypotheses predicting unfavorable effects for demographic dissimilarity have not always been supported. A need exists for the identification of contextual variables that further specify the conditions under which such effects would occur. Work group status is introduced here as an important moderator variable. Three theoretical premises support its use: Social identity and self-categorization theories; Common Ingroup Identity Model; and, downward comparison theory. The general proposition is that as work group status increases, the effects of dissimilarity will be mitigated because status itself (as opposed to demographics) is likely to become the primary delimiter of ingroup-outgroup classifications.