gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Network Coding-Based Broadcast in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (2007)

Broadcast operation, which disseminates information network-wide, is very important in multi-hop wireless networks. Due to the broadcast nature of wireless media, not all nodes need to transmit in order for the message to reach every node. Previous work on broadcast support can be classified as probabilistic (each node rebroadcasts a packet with a given probability) or deterministic approaches (nodes pre-select a few neighbors for rebroadcasting). In this paper, we show how network-coding can be applied to a deterministic broadcast approaches, resulting in significant reductions in the number of transmissions in the network. We propose two algorithms, that rely only on local two-hop topology information and makes extensive use of opportunistic listening to reduce the number of transmissions: 1) a simple XOR-based coding algorithm that provides up to 45% gains compared to a non-coding approach and 2) a Reed-Solomon based coding algorithm that determines the optimal coding gain achievable for a coding algorithm that relies only on local information, with gains up to 61% in our simulations. We also show that our coding-based deterministic approach outperforms the coding-based probabilistic approach presented in (C. Fragouli et al, 2006).
Trifunctional High-Throughput Screen Identifies Promising Scaffold To Inhibit Grp94 and Treat Myocilin-Associated Glaucoma (2018)

Gain-of-function mutations within the olfactomedin (OLF) domain of myocilin result in its toxic intracellular accumulation and hasten the onset of open-angle glaucoma. The absence of myocilin does not cause disease; therefore, strategies aimed at eliminating myocilin could lead to a successful glaucoma treatment. The endoplasmic reticulum Hsp90 paralog Grp94 accelerates OLF aggregation. Knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of Grp94 in cells facilitates clearance of mutant myocilin via a non-proteasomal pathway. Here, we expanded our support for targeting Grp94 over cytosolic paralogs Hsp90α and Hsp90β. We then developed a high-throughput screening assay to identify new chemical matter capable of disrupting the Grp94/OLF interaction. When applied to a blind, focused library of 17 Hsp90 inhibitors, our miniaturized single-read in vitro thioflavin T -based kinetics aggregation assay exclusively identified compounds that target the chaperone N-terminal nucleotide binding site. In follow up studies, one compound (2) decreased the extent of co-aggregation of Grp94 with OLF in a dose-dependent manner in vitro, and enabled clearance of the aggregation-prone full-length myocilin variant I477N in cells without inducing the heat shock response or causing cytotoxicity. Comparison of the co-crystal structure of compound 2 and another non-selective hit in complex with the N-terminal domain of Grp94 reveals a docking mode tailored to Grp94 and explains its selectivity. A new lead compound has been identified, supporting a targeted chemical biology assay approach to develop a protein degradation-based therapy for myocilin-associated glaucoma by selectively inhibiting Grp94.
Cooperative Therapeutic Action of Retinoic Acid Receptor and Retinoid X Receptor Agonists in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease (2014)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative process involving amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide deposition, neuroinflammation, and progressive memory loss. Here, we evaluated whether oral administration of retinoic acid receptor (RAR)α,β agonist Am80 (tamibarotene) or specific retinoid X receptor (RXR) pan agonist HX630 or their combination could improve deficits in an AD model, 8.5-month-old amyloid-β protein precursor 23 (AβPP23) mice. Co-administration of Am80 (0.5 mg/kg) and HX630 (5 mg/kg) for 17 days significantly improved memory deficits (Morris water maze) in AβPP23 mice, whereas administration of either agent alone produced no effect. Only co-administration significantly reduced the level of insoluble Aβ peptide in the brain. These results thus indicate that effective memory improvement via reduction of insoluble Aβ peptide in 8.5-month-old AβPP23 mice requires co-activation of RARα,β and RXRs. RARα-positive microglia accumulated Aβ plaques in the AβPP23 mice. Rat primary microglia co-treated with Am80/HX630 showed increased degradation activity towards 125I-labeled oligomeric Aβ1-42 peptide in an insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE)-dependent manner. The co-administration increased mRNA for IDE and membrane-associated IDE protein in vivo, suggesting that IDE contributes to Aβ clearance in Am80/HX630-treated AβPP23 mice. Am80/HX630 also increased IL-4Rα expression in microglial MG5 cells. The improvement in memory of Am80/HX630-treated AβPP23 mice was correlated with the levels and signaling of hippocampal interleukin-4 (IL-4). Therefore, Am80/HX630 may promote differentiation of IL-4-responsive M2-like microglia and increase their activity for clearance of oligomeric Aβ peptides by restoring impaired IL-4 signaling in AβPP23 mice. Combination treatment with RAR and RXR agonists may be an effective approach for AD therapy.
Visualizing association rules for text mining (2003)

An association rule in data mining is an implication of the form X/spl rarr/Y where X is a set of antecedent items and Y is the consequent item. For years researchers have developed many tools to visualize association rules. However, few of these tools can handle more than dozens of rules, and none of them can effectively manage rules with multiple antecedents. Thus, it is extremely difficult to visualize and understand the association information of a large data set even when all the rules are available. This paper presents a novel visualization technique to tackle many of these problems. We apply the technology to a text mining study on large corpora. The results indicate that our design can easily handle hundreds of multiple antecedent association rules in a three-dimensional display with minimum human interaction, low occlusion percentage, and no screen swapping.
Field Evaluation of Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Female Selective Attractants for Use in Monitoring Programs (1999)

Field trials were conducted on the island of Chios, Greece, to compare captures of the Mediterranean fruit y, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), in several types of traps baited with female-targeted lures. Female-targeted trapping systems included food-based synthetic attractants of ammonium acetate and putrescine alone (2 component lure) and in combination with trimethylamine (3 component lure) tested in plastic McPhail-type traps. Additionally, Frutect traps baited with proprietary liquid protein bait and McPhail-type traps baited with an aqueous solution of NuLure and borax, which is the standard female-targeted trapping system for C. capitata in Greece, were tested. More females, as indicated by relative trap efciency, were captured in traps baited with the 3 component lure than in traps baited with other female-targeted lures and they captured more females than the NuLure/borax-baited traps. Traps baited with the 3 component synthetic lure were more C. capitata specic than the other female-targeted trapping systems and captured fewer nontarget insects than the 2 component lures and liquid protein-baited traps. Jackson traps baited with male specic trimedlure captured more males than were captured in traps baited with the female attractants. However, the total capture of C. capitata was signicantly less in trimedlure traps than in plastic McPhail traps baited with the 3 component synthetic lure. The demonstration of a potent synthetic attractant for female C. capitata may provide a new improved system for detection, survey and possibly suppression by mass trapping of C. capitata. The female selectivity of the synthetic attractant observed will be of considerable value when used with C. capitata single-sex release of males and will further increase efcacy of the sterile insect technique for C. capitata by removal of the feral females without removal of sterile males.
Complete orientational access for semipolar GaN devices on sapphire (2015)

Semipolar ( ) GaN light‐emitting diodes and ( ) GaN films are demonstrated on sapphire substrates. The processes developed here embody all the required steps in order to produce planar semipolar devices on sapphire substrates with complete control of the crystallographic orientation. Theoretical and experimentally observed aspects of semipolar materials and devices on bulk substrates are reviewed, including device performance and orientation‐dependent material properties. This summary motivates the use of particular semipolar orientations having Miller indices ( hkil ), with l < 0, such as ( ) and ( ). These orientations have not, as of yet, been shown to be obtained using sapphire substrates. With the appropriate nitridation and buffer layer growth condition on stripe‐patterned sapphire, high quality single crystal ( ) GaN films have been achieved. Demonstration of surface planarization, device layer regrowth, and LED operation, performed here on semipolar ( ) GaN, detail the processes to enable planar semipolar‐based devices on sapphire with these unique orientations. With these advances, the required foundation has been put into place to allow access to the potentially highest performance semipolar planes while using economically feasible, large area sapphire substrates. Processes to produce ( ) LED devices (top left) on GaN films grown on full 2″ sapphire substrates (bottom left) are described in this paper. The achievement of ( ) GaN paves the way toward achieving full orientational access on sapphire substrates (right).
A New Representation for Device Color Gamuts (2001)

An important part of color reproduction is the rendering of colors onto display devices, where the colors may be spot colors (e.g., tints) or the colors of a digitized photograph. Display devices, such as monitors and printers, are capable of showing only a subset of all perceivable colors; this subset is called the device color gamut. In this report, we identify a new variation of adaptively sampled distance fields (ADFs) for representing device color gamuts that overcome limitations of previous work. Associated algorithms for gamut testing and gamut construction are discussed. We then describe how the new representation fits nicely into the computational framework used in the ISO ICC specification, the international standard for color reproduction adopted by the industry.
Non-linear systems in the frequency domain: Energy transfer filters (2002)

The analysis of non-linear systems in the frequency domain is studied and a new class of filters, called energy transfer filters, is introduced. While conventional linear filter design procedures are based on the principle of attenuating unwanted effects the new energy transfer filter design concept exploits non-linearity to allow energy to be moved to new frequency locations. The ability to design non-linear filters that can move energy to designed locations in the frequency domain introduces new degrees of freedom into filter design and offers new solution possibilities to many filtering problems.
Isolation of pluripotent stem cells from human third molar dental pulp. (2011)

Potent stem/progenitor cells have been isolated from normal human dental pulps, termed dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). However, no study has described the presence of stem cell populations in human dental pulp from the third molar with embryonic phenotypes. The dental pulp tissue was cultured in media with the presence of LIF, EGF, and PDGF. In the present study, we describe a new population of pluripotent stem cells that were isolated from dental pulp (DPPSC). These cells are SSEA-4(+), Oct4(+), Nanog(+), FLK-1(+), HNF3beta(+), Nestin(+), Sox2(+), Lin28(+), c-Myc(+), CD13(+), CD105(+), CD3(-), CD45(-), CD90(low), CD29(+), CD73(low), STRO-1(low) and CD146(-). We have investigated by SEM analysis and q-RT-PCR the capacity of DPPSCs to 3D differentiate in vitro using the Cell Carrier 3D glass scaffold into tissues that have similar characteristics to embryonic mesoderm and endoderm layers. These data would support the use of these cells, which are derived from an easily accessible source and can be used in future regeneration protocols for many tissue types that differentiate from the three embryonic layers.
Superconducting magnet quench protection analysis and design (1991)

A three-dimensional simulation of the quench thermal transient in a multicoil magnet system is described which includes circuit equations for induced secondary current transients and magnet subdivision by resistors and switching devices. Thus, the magnet designer can study the quench protection of a superconducting magnet and select the optimal protection scheme utilizing heat transfer enhancement, resistive subdivision, circuit branch switching, quench propagation heaters, coupled secondaries, and cowound stabilizers. Transient thermal profiles are available for subsequent evaluation in terms of thermal stress. An example system is modeled, and the appropriate quench protection scheme is discussed.
A Monoclonal Antibody That Recognizes Sialyl-Lea Oligosaccharide, but Is Distinct from NS 19-9 as to Epitope Recognition1 (1988)

A murine monoclonal antibody, designated as MSW 113, was generated using a human colonic cancer cell line, SW 1116, as the immunogen. MSW 113 was shown to be directed mainly to mucin-type oligosaccharide with sialyl-Lea antigens. The reactivity of MSW 113 to sialyl-Lea was stronger than that of NS 19-9, which is believed to be raised against the same determinant group. MSW 113 binds to sialyl-Lea-ol, LS-tetrasaccharide a, and disialyllacto-N-tetraose with higher affinities, compared to NS 19-9. These two antibodies could clearly be distinguished in that MSW 113 bound to sialic acid but not to fucose, whereas NS 19-9 bound to fucose but not to sialic acid. Thus, MSW 113 is directed more toward sialic acid-containing terminal structures while NS 19-9 is directed toward fucose-containing internal structures. MSW 113 was found to be useful for detecting antigens in the bloodstream of patients, especially those with pancreas cancer. Even NS 19-9 negative patient sera were positive for MSW 113.
Gene Silencing by siRNA Microhydrogels via Polymeric Nanoscale Condensation (2011)

The first attempt to prepare biologically active siRNA-based microhydrogels is reported. The self-assembled microhydrogels were fabricated using sense/antisense complementary hybridization between single-stranded linear and Y-shaped trimeric siRNAs. The siRNA microhydrogels were condensed using a popular cationic polymer such as LPEI to form compact, stable siRNA/polymeric nanoparticles that exhibited superb cellular uptake efficiency and gene silencing activity.
A 180 Kbit Embeddable MRAM Memory Module (2007)

180 Kbit magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) designed for embedding in a 0.28 micron CMOS process has been developed. The memory cell is based on a 1-transistor 1-magnetic tunnel junction (1T1MTJ) bit cell. The architecture, write driver, and sense amplifier are described. The use of a test register to characterize and optimize the memory design is also discussed.
Development of a new all-wheel-drive control system (2000)

The new all-wheel drive control system has been developed to improve stability on slippery road and handling performance on dry road. This control system realized advanced safety and controllability in the aspect of vehicle dynamics under various road/operating conditions by the estimation of the coefficient of road friction (μ) and development of cooperative controls with ABS, TCS (Traction Control System) and braking system for yaw control (VDC). The ! estimator was based on parameter identification law in adaptive control theory, and added effective modification according to lateral acceleration of vehicle to improve response of estimation. In the experimental results, the ! estimator fulfilled it's expectations, and our production car equipped with this control system showed sufficient handling performance, stability and controllability for an all-wheel drive vehicle under various road/operating conditions.
The ESA astronaut sleep restraint--its development and use onboard Spacelab and MIR. (1990)

The development of the ESA portable sleep restraint system is described. The system was developed to simulate certain earthbound sleep conditions in microgravity. The restraint is a bag made of two sheets of Nomex(R) cloth stretched over a tubular tension device and provides the astronaut with feedback pressure similar to bedding on Earth. The final prototype of the bag was tested on the German Spacelab-D1 mission and during a six-month mission aboard MIR. Positive feedback from astronauts suggests the need for further evaluation during space flight.
Anisotropic transverse resonance in a symmetrically loaded rectangular cavity (2016)

Anisotropic media provide unique properties not available using isotropic media. These include a high refractive index reducing wavelength in the medium and relatively low magnetic losses. However, fundamental propagation concepts such as anisotropic transverse resonance are not well understood. We derive an anisotropic transverse resonance condition established between the walls of a rectangular cavity and an anisotropic medium to suppress high order resonances produced by a high refractive index. We then demonstrate how this directly translates to a novel tapered shape preserving the transverse resonance of the cavity.
Applications of Thermostable DNA Polymerases in Molecular Biology (1992)

With the advent of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), thermostable DNA polymerases have begun to play an important role in molecular biology. We have recently isolated and cloned a novel DNA polymerase from the hyperthermophilic marine archaebacterium, Pyrococcus furiosus (Pfu). The multifunctional enzyme has been shown to function effectively in PCR. Moreover, results from fidelity studies indicate that amplification reactions performed with Pfu DNA polymerase result in PCR products with 12 fold less mutations than products from similar amplifications performed with Thermus aquaticus (Taq) DNA polymerase. These finding may have important ramifications for PCR-based procedures which require high fidelity DNA synthesis.
Novel High-Density Data-Retention Power Gating Structure Using a Four-Terminal Double-Gate Device (2006)

This paper presents a new power gating structure with robust data retention capability using only one single double-gate device to provide both power gating switch and virtual supply/ground diode clamp functions. The scheme reduces the transistor count, area, and capacitance of the power gating structure, thus improving circuit performance, power, and leakage. The scheme is compared with the conventional power gating structure via mixed-mode physics-based two-dimensional numerical simulations. Analysis of virtual ground bounce for the proposed scheme is also presented
Orthonormal Polynomials for Wavefront Analysis in Optical Testing (2007)

We have derived closed-form orthonormal polnomials over noncircular apertures using a new matrix approach. Isometric plots, interferograms and point-spread functions are illustrated. Their use for wavefront analysis in optical testing is discussed.
Method for accurate unsupervised cell nucleus segmentation (2005)

To achieve the extreme accuracy rates demanded by applications in unsupervised automated cytology, it is frequently necessary to supplement the primary segmentation algorithm with a segmentation quality control system. The more robust the segmentation strategy, the less severe the data pruning need be at the segmentation validation stage. These issues are addressed as we describe our cell nucleus segmentation strategy which is able to achieve 100% accurate segmentation from a data set of 19946 cell nucleus images by automatically discarding the most difficult cell images. The automatic quality checking is applied to enhance-the performance of a robust energy minimisation based segmentation scheme which already achieved a 99.47% accurate segmentation rate.
Performance of new ceramic scintillators for gamma- and x-ray detection (2007)

Ceramic materials show significant promise for the production of reasonably priced, large-size scintillators. Ceramics have recently received a great deal of attention in the field of materials for laser applications, and the technology for fabricating high-optical-quality polycrystalline ceramics of cubic materials has been well developed. The formation of transparent ceramics of non-cubic materials is, however, much more difficult as a result of birefringence effects in differently oriented grains. Here, we will describe the performance of a few new ceramics developed for the detection of gamma- and x-ray radiation. Results are presented for ceramic analogs of three crystalline materials - cubic Lu<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and non-cubic LaBr<sub>3</sub>, and Lu<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>5</sub> or LSO (hexagonal, and monoclinic structures, respectively). The impact of various sintering, hot-pressing and post-formation annealing procedures on the light yield, transparency, and other parameters, will be discussed. The study of LaBr<sub>3</sub>:Ce shows that fairly translucent ceramics of rare-earth halides can be fabricated and they can reach relatively high light yield values. Despite the fact that no evidence for texturing has been found in our LSO:Ce ceramic microstructures, the material demonstrates a surprisingly high level of translucency or transparency. While the scintillation of LSO:Ce ceramic reaches a light yield level of about 86 % of that of a good LSO:Ce single crystal, its decay time is even faster, and the long term afterglow is lower than in LSO single crystals.
Oxidative Stability and in Vitro Digestibility of Fish Oil-in-Water Emulsions Containing Multilayered Membranes (2010)

The oxidative stability and lipid digestibility of fish oil-in-water emulsions (d(43); 5.26-5.71 microm) laminated by primary, secondary, and/or tertiary layers of interfacial membranes have been investigated. The primary emulsion (5 and 0.5% wt % of fish oil and Citrem in acetate buffer) was produced through a membrane homogenizer. The second and tertiary emulsions were prepared by electrostatic deposition of chitosan and sodium alginate on the surfaces of the oil droplets, respectively. The lamination of biopolymers was measured by zeta potential. The lipid oxidative stability was assessed with peroxide value, thiobabituric acid reactive substances, and headspace aldehydes of the emulsions stored at 20 degrees C for 40 days. The positively charged secondary emulsions (+56.27 +/- 2.5 mV) were more stable to lipid oxidation compared to negatively charged primary (-45.13 +/- 1.7 mV) and tertiary emulsions (-24.8 +/- 1.2 mV). An in vitro digestion model was used to study the impact of different layers on the digestibility of oil droplets. Lipid digestion was decreased with multilayer coating, and chitosan coating further reduced the digestion. These findings have implications for the design of structured emulsions to achieve better oxidative stability with more controlled digestibility of lipids.