gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sarcoidosis (2010)

Case History—A 26 yr old man with an odd skin rash and an abnormal chest radiograph. Sarcoidosis is a disease of unknown cause that is characterized by the presence of noncaseating granulomas in at least two organs. It can present in a wide variety of ways. Differential diagnosis is most commonly from tuberculosis or lymphoma....
A Lightweight Online Multiple Object Vehicle Tracking Method (2018)

In this paper, multiple-object vehicle tracking system by affinity matching using min-cost linear cost assignment is proposed. This tracking system is targeted to scene recordings acquired from cameras mounted on a moving ego vehicle. Vehicle tracking on the road scene and images acquired from moving ego vehicle’s camera amplifies the problem of greater bounding box geometry change in comparison with other low speed tracking applications such as traditional pedestrian tracking. This perturbation occurs in many tracking scenarios such as when a high speed object is approaching from an opposing lane. Since autonomous driving algorithms need to use the processing resources in an efficient manner even while satisfying the requirements of computationally complex tasks like localization, object detection, occupancy grid update, sensor-fusion and trajectory planning, our study is particularly focused on the development and benchmarking of an computationally lightweight online multiple object tracking model. To test and evaluate our model, we use KITTI Object Tracking - Car Benchmark dataset and our model statistical metric values are comparably higher; our model outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on ML and MT and places second on MOTA and MOTP metric evaluations, and processing time is 6 to 20 times faster compared to other methods.
Towards the understanding of the interaction effects between reflector antennas and phased array feeds (2012)

A computationally efficient numerical procedure has been developed and used to analyze the mutual interaction effects between an electrically large reflector antenna and a phased array feed (PAF). The complex electromagnetic behavior for such PAF systems is studied through a few simple and didactical examples, among which a single dipole antenna feed, a singly-excited antenna in an array of 20 dipoles, and a fully-excited array. These examples account for the effects of the ground plane, active loading (low noise amplifiers), and beamforming scenario, and are used to illustrate the differences between single-port feeds and PAFs.
BEE2 A High-End Reconfigurable Computing System (2005)

The Berkeley Emulation Engine 2 (BEE2) project is developing a reusable, modular, and scalable framework for designing high-end reconfigurable computers, including a processing-module building block and several programming models. Using these elements, BEE2 can provide over 10 times more computing throughput than a DSP-based system with similar power consumption and cost and over 100 times that of a microprocessor-based system.
Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase attenuates hyperoxia-induced cell death through activation of ERK/MAPK and PI3K-Akt pathways in lung epithelial cells (2006)

Oxygen toxicity is one of the major risk factors in the development of the chronic lung disease or bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants. Using proteomic analysis, we discovered that mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (mtALDH or ALDH2) was downregulated in neonatal rat lung after hyperoxic exposure. To study the role of mtALDH in hyperoxic lung injury, we overexpressed mtALDH in human lung epithelial cells (A549) and found that mtALDH significantly reduced hyperoxia-induced cell death. Compared with control cells (Neo-A549), the necrotic cell death in mtALDH-overexpressing cells (mtALDH-A549) decreased from 25.3 to 6.5%, 50.5 to 9.1%, and 52.4 to 15.1% after 24-, 48-, and 72-h hyperoxic exposure, respectively. The levels of intracellular and mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mtALDH-A549 cells after hyperoxic exposure were significantly lowered compared with Neo-A549 cells. mtALDH overexpression significantly stimulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation under normoxic and hyperoxic conditions. Inhibition of ERK phosphorylation partially eliminated the protective effect of mtALDH in hyperoxia-induced cell death, suggesting ERK activation by mtALDH conferred cellular resistance to hyperoxia. mtALDH overexpression augmented Akt phosphorylation and maintained the total Akt level in mtALDH-A549 cells under normoxic and hyperoxic conditions. Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) activation by LY294002 in mtALDH-A549 cells significantly increased necrotic cell death after hyperoxic exposure, indicating that PI3K-Akt activation by mtALDH played an important role in cell survival after hyperoxia. Taken together, these data demonstrate that mtALDH overexpression attenuates hyperoxia-induced cell death in lung epithelial cells through reduction of ROS, activation of ERK/MAPK, and PI3K-Akt cell survival signaling pathways.
Cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus venom on 293T and C2C12 eukaryotic cell lines (2003)

Scorpion venom toxicity is of major concern due to its influence on human activities and public health. The cytotoxicity and apoptosis induced by scorpion L. quinquestriatus venom on two established eukaryotic cell lines (293T and C2C12) were analyzed. Both cultured cell lines were incubated with varying doses (10, 20, and 50 µg/ml) of scorpion venom in serum free medium (SFM) for 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 hours at 37°C. The percentage of total lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released in the culture during venom incubation was used as an index of cell damage. Control culture was treated with an equal amount of SFM. Cell injury was recognized morphologically and apoptosis was researched by a Fluorescing Apoptosis Detection System using the principle of TUNEL (TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labelling) assay and confirmed by another assay concerning nuclear DNA staining with DAPI stain. Cytotoxicity was remarkable and cell survival highly reduced at the highest tested concentration (50 µg/ml). These effects were rapid and observed within 30 minutes. The apparent initial damage to the nucleus and lysis of the plasmalemma and/or organelle membranes, which was evident by a significant increase in cytosolic LDH release, suggested that this toxin acts at the membrane level. The morphological changes that occurred in apoptotic cells include condensation and compartmentalization of nuclear and cytoplasmic materials into structurally preserved membrane-bound fragments or blebs. The cytotoxic effects are dose and time dependent and cell death by apoptosis was more characteristic of 293T cells than C2C12 cells. The apoptotic effects were more prominent and clear in the early stages of toxicity, while other forms of cell damage such as swelling, rupture, and/or necrosis occurred at later stages.
Professional development: blogs, wikis, RSS feeds, Facebook, del.icio.us, Flickr (2024)

Discusses Swinburne Library's 23 Things program. The program encouraged staff to explore and become familiar with emerging and popular web technologies.
A novel family of proteins that regulates antibiotic production in streptomycetes appears to contain an OmpR‐like DNA‐binding fold (1997)

bacterial genome sequences to have been determined are those of two very closely related species of Mycoplasma, M. genitalium (
Selective visual attention to emotional words: Early parallel frontal and visual activations followed by interactive effects in visual cortex (2016)

Human brains spontaneously differentiate between various emotional and neutral stimuli, including written words whose emotional quality is symbolic. In the electroencephalogram (EEG), emotional-neutral processing differences are typically reflected in the early posterior negativity (EPN, 200-300 ms) and the late positive potential (LPP, 400-700 ms). These components are also enlarged by task-driven visual attention, supporting the assumption that emotional content naturally drives attention. Still, the spatio-temporal dynamics of interactions between emotional stimulus content and task-driven attention remain to be specified. Here, we examine this issue in visual word processing. Participants attended to negative, neutral, or positive nouns while high-density EEG was recorded. Emotional content and top-down attention both amplified the EPN component in parallel. On the LPP, by contrast, emotion and attention interacted: Explicit attention to emotional words led to a substantially larger amplitude increase than did explicit attention to neutral words. Source analysis revealed early parallel effects of emotion and attention in bilateral visual cortex and a later interaction of both in right visual cortex. Distinct effects of attention were found in inferior, middle and superior frontal, paracentral, and parietal areas, as well as in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Results specify separate and shared mechanisms of emotion and attention at distinct processing stages. Hum Brain Mapp 37:3575-3587, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Robot Control: The Task Function Approach (1991)

From the Publisher:
A complete approach to the problem of controlling robot manipulators needs to bring together three scientific branches: computer science, mechanics, and automatic control.
The Effectiveness of Mobile-Health Technology-Based Health Behaviour Change or Disease Management Interventions for Health Care Consumers: A Systematic Review (2013)

Text messaging interventions increased adherence to ART and smoking cessation and should be considered for inclusion in services. Although there is suggestive evidence of benefit in some other areas, high quality adequately powered trials of optimised interventions are required to evaluate effects on objective outcomes.
Oral biofilms: molecular analysis, challenges, and future prospects in dental diagnostics (2013)

Oral biofilms are functionally and structurally organized polymicrobial communities that are embedded in an extracellular matrix of exopolymers on mucosal and dental surfaces. These biofilms are found naturally in health, and provide benefits to the host. However, this relationship can break down, and disease can occur; disease is associated with a shift in the balance of the species within these biofilms. Simple diagnostic tests have been developed that involve the culture of selected bacteria, eg, those implicated in dental caries, facilitating an assessment of risk of further disease in individual patients. However, oral diseases have a complex etiology, and because only around 50% of oral biofilm can be grown at present, culture-independent molecular-based approaches are being developed that give a more comprehensive assessment of the presence of a range of putative pathogens in samples. The diversity of these biofilms creates challenges in the interpretation of findings, and future work is investigating the ability of novel techniques to detect biological activity and function in oral biofilms, rather than simply providing a catalogue of microbial names.
Heteromeric Complexes of α5 and/or α7 Subunits: Effects of Calcium and Potential Role in Nicotine‐Induced Presynaptic Facilitation (1999)

Nicotine alters a broad spectrum of behaviors, including attention, arousal, anxiety, and memory. The cellular physiology of nicotine is comparably diverse: nicotine interacts with an array of ionotropic receptors whose gating can lead to direct depolarization of neurons or to an indirect modulation of neuronal excitability by presynaptic facilitation. Furthermore, as many laboratories have shown, the alpha- and beta-type subunits that comprise neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are encoded by multiple, homologous genes, yielding at least seven alpha and three beta subunits, distinct in primary sequence. nAChRs that differ in subunit composition differ in pharmacology, conductance, and kinetics as well as in their permeability to and modulation by calcium. We will first discuss recent studies on the biophysics of a special (peculiar?) subset of nAChRs, focusing on heteromeric nAChRs comprised of alpha 4 beta 2 +/- alpha 5 or alpha 7 +/- beta 2 and alpha 5. These nAChR channel subtypes are potently and differentially modulated by changes in intracellular calcium ([Ca]). Thus, the Po, tau o, and desensitization kinetics of alpha 4 beta 2 channels are altered by changes in [Ca]int from 0 to 50 microM; nAChRs that include the alpha 5 subunit are oppositely regulated. Mutagenesis of specific residues within the M1 and M2 domain of alpha 4, beta 2, and alpha 5 suggest a possible Ca binding "pocket." The assembly of functional nAChRs that include alpha 5 and/or alpha 7 and the potential role of these novel heteromeric complexes in presynaptic facilitation will also be presented.
Determination of Solubility Parameters of New Suit Materials (1988)

The U.S. Coast Guard set out to determine three-dimensional solubility parameters for several new materials. The final approach employed three measures of responses to exposure of material to each of 56 solvents of diverse solubility parameters. The intent was to identify the best measure for this purpose in terms of ease of conducting the test and its statistical reliability. The responses measured were: visual observation of changes, volume increase, and weight gain. Weight gain proved to be the best measure of the three, providing the greatest amount of information with the least experimental error. Tests were conducted on: butyl rubber, chlorobutyl rubber, “three-ply” chlorinated polyethylene, Viton A (copolymer), Viton B (terpolymer), and Teflon. Tests conducted for 24 h gave essentially the same results as those conducted for one week. No three-dimensional solubility parameter could be obtained for Teflon, because of its minimal interaction throughout the solubility parameter space.
The Efficacy of Peer Presentations for English Language Learners (2014)

This study investigates whether the instructional strategy of peer presentations positively influences English Language Learners' (ELLs') relationships with peers and their personal perspectives on their institution, the sciences, and public discourse. Data collection instruments included a pre- and post-sociometric survey to quantitate each classroom's social status, and a pre- and post-qualitative inquiry of appreciation concerning academic topics via oral interviews. Three ELLs from two learning environments participated in an eight-day intervention, comprised of 45-minute instructive sessions, to become proficient with an arrangement of scientific experiments. After the three ELLs presented these experiments to their classmates, analysis of pre- and post-sociometric results demonstrated an overall increase in friendships. Examination of the ELLs' oral interview responses indicated growth of enjoyment regarding their institution and speaking publicly. Discussed are suggested methods for using peer presentations in classroom instruction, in addition to potential for future research.
Multi-level metallurgy for master image structured logic (1983)

A dense double-level metal interconnection process has been developed for application to master image structured logic products. The metal wiring pitches that are currently being produced, 5.0-µm metal 1 and 7.0-µm metal 2, are compatible with 2.0-µm lithography at other mask levels. These densities are achieved by use of a nitride-polyimide dual insulation scheme and second metal lift-off to achieve a unique overlapping via structure and elimination of metal borders. Details and rationale for the choice of the insulator/via etch scheme and second metal definition process are discussed. Finally, the influence of various topographical effects are also considered.
Synthesis and analgesic activities of 2,5-dimethyl-2'-hydroxy-9.alpha.- and -.beta.-propyl-6,7-benzomorphans (1975)

The 2,5-dimethyl-2'-hydroxy-9alpha- and-beta-propyl-6,7-benzomorphans were synthesized from 4-methyl-3-propylpyridine in five steps, in an overall yield of 14 and 5%, respectively. The required 4-methyl-3-propylpyridine was prepared in an overally yield of 34% by a four-step sequence. The benzomorphans were about as potent as, or more potent than, morphine in vivo.
Novel analog switching circuit for van der Pauw measurements (2005)

A simple electronic circuit is described using four common and very inexpensive analog multiplexer/demultiplexer chips. These analog switches are used to select eight different wiring configurations to a van der Pauw sample. Several interfacing schemes to a PC are suggested. The van der Pauw resistivity and Hall voltage expressions are also summarized.
High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of mezlocillin, piperacillin, their degradation products, and of ioxitalamic acid in plasma and urine of healthy volunteers (1985)

In plasma and urine of 10 healthy volunteers after intravenous administration of 4 g mezlocillin and piperacillin, respectively, the parent compounds as well as degradation products were assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Ioxitalamic acid, a renal contrast medium, was administered simultaneously, in order to measure the glomerular filtration rate, and to control the collection of 24-h urine. As metabolite of mezlocillin the corresponding penicilloic acid only was found, whereas in the case of piperacillin a further degradation product was observed. Half of the doses given was recovered in the urine as unchanged drugs, and in addition 5-10% as metabolites. No differences were found in the pharmacokinetic behaviour of both antibiotics.
A new recycling system for expanded polystyrene using a natural solvent. Part 1. A new recycling technique (1998)

A new recycling technique has been developed which uses a natural solvent, d limonene, to shrink expanded polystyrene (EPS). d-Limonene is a natural vegetable oil which is extracted from the rinds of citrus fruits and is a good solvent of EPS. Limonene has almost the same solubility as toluene at room temperature. This technique reduces the volume of EPS to about 1/20th of the original. Contracted EPS is recyclable with almost no molecular weight degradation because d-limonene acts as an antioxidant of polystyrene during the heating process. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Fluorescence Biodistribution And Kinetics Of Aminolevulinic Acid Induced Protoporphyrin IX In The Bladder Of A Rat Model With Orthotopic Urothelial Carcinoma (2002)

According to the results of this study a difference in PpIX accumulation in urothelial carcinoma or normal urothelium and the muscular layer of the bladder can be achieved by each route of ALA administration. Although intravesical installation provided tumor and normal urothelium labeling comparable to the intravenous route, it lost the selectivity of PpIX accumulation in tumor and normal urothelium. The effect of this finding on clinical therapy results remains to be resolved in the future.
Psychedelics and the essential importance of context (2018)

Psychedelic drugs are making waves as modern trials support their therapeutic potential and various media continue to pique public interest. In this opinion piece, we draw attention to a long-recognised component of the psychedelic treatment model, namely ‘set’ and ‘setting’ – subsumed here under the umbrella term ‘context’. We highlight: (a) the pharmacological mechanisms of classic psychedelics (5-HT2A receptor agonism and associated plasticity) that we believe render their effects exceptionally sensitive to context, (b) a study design for testing assumptions regarding positive interactions between psychedelics and context, and (c) new findings from our group regarding contextual determinants of the quality of a psychedelic experience and how acute experience predicts subsequent long-term mental health outcomes. We hope that this article can: (a) inform on good practice in psychedelic research, (b) provide a roadmap for optimising treatment models, and (c) help tackle unhelpful stigma still surrounding these compounds, while developing an evidence base for long-held assumptions about the critical importance of context in relation to psychedelic use that can help minimise harms and maximise potential benefits.
The growth of a low defect InAs HEMT structure on Si by using an AlGaSb buffer layer containing InSb quantum dots for dislocation termination (2009)

It is found that the surface migration and nucleation behaviors of InSb quantum dots on AlSb/Si substrates, formed by molecular beam epitaxy in Stranski-Krastanov (SK) growth mode, are dependent on the substrate temperature. At relatively high temperatures above 430 degrees C, quantum dots are migrated and preferentially assembled onto the surface steps of high defect AlSb layers grown on Si substrates, while they are uniformly distributed on the surface at lower temperatures below 400 degrees C. It is also found that quantum dots located on the defect sites lead to effective termination of the propagation of micro-twin-induced structural defects into overlying layers, resulting in the low defect material grown on a largely mismatched substrate. The resulting 1.0 microm thick Al(x)Ga(1-x)Sb (x = 0.8) layer grown on the silicon substrate shows atomically flat (0.2 nm AFM mean roughness) surface and high crystal quality, represented by a narrow full width at half-maximum of 300 arc s in the x-ray rocking curve. The room-temperature electron mobility of higher than 16 000 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) in InAs/AlGaSb FETs on the Si substrate is obtained with a relatively thin buffer layer, when a low defect density ( approximately 10(6) cm(-2)) AlGaSb buffer layer is obtained by the proposed method.
Formation of Al <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> /Metal Composites by the Directed Oxidation of Molten Aluminum‐Magnesium‐Silicon Alloys: Part II, Growth Kinetics (1992)

The growth kinetics of an Al 2 O 3 /metal composite by the directed oxidation of an aluminum alloy (10 wt% Si, 3 wt% Mg, balance Al) have been measured as a function of temperature (1398 to 1548 K) and oxygen partial pressure in O 2 /Ar gas mixtures. The growth rate exhibited an activation energy of ∼370 kJ/mol and a dependence on oxygen partial pressure consistent with a P o 1/4 2 relationship. A dissolution‐precipitation growth mechanism is proposed in which the growth rate is controlled by the electronic conductivity of an external Al 2 O 3 ‐doped MgO surface layer in conjunction with grain boundary diffusion of magnesium.