gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Priming with intranasal lactobacilli prevents Pseudomonas aeruginosa acute pneumonia in mice. (2020)

Abstract Background : Increasing resistance to antibiotics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa leads to therapeutic deadlock and alternative therapies are needed. We aimed to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus clinical isolates in vivo, through intranasal administration on a murine model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. Results : We screened in vitro 50 pulmonary clinical isolates of Lactobacillus for their ability to decrease the synthesis of two QS dependent-virulence factors (elastase and pyocyanin) produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAO1.Two blends of three Lactobacillus isolates were then tested in vivo : one with highly effective anti-PAO1 virulence factors properties (blend named L.rff for L. rhamnosus , two L. fermentum strains), and the second with no properties (blend named L.psb, for L. paracasei, L. salivarius and L. brevis ). Each blend was administered intranasally to mice 18h prior to PAO1 pulmonary infection. Animal survival, bacterial loads, cytological analysis, and cytokines secretion in the lungs were evaluated at 6 or 24h post infection with PAO1. Intranasal priming with both lactobacilli blends significantly improved 7-day mice survival from 12% for the control PAO1 group to 71% and 100% for the two groups receiving L.rff and L.psb respectively. No mortality was observed for both control groups receiving either L.rff or L.psb. Additionally, the PAO1 lung clearance was significantly enhanced at 24h. A 2-log and 4-log reduction was observed in the L.rff+PAO1 and L.psb+PAO1 groups respectively, compared to the control PAO1 group. Significant reductions in neutrophil recruitment and proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine secretion were observed after lactobacilli administration compared to saline solution, whereas IL-10 production was increased. Conclusions : These results demonstrate that intranasal priming with lactobacilli acts as a prophylaxis, and avoids fatal complications caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia in mice. These results were independent of in vitro anti- Pseudomonas aeruginosa activity on QS-dependent virulence factors. Further experiments are required to identify the immune mechanism before initiating clinical trials.
FinFET performance advantage at 22nm: An AC perspective (2008)

At the 22 nm node, we estimate that superior electrostatics and reduced junction capacitance in FinFETs may provide a 13~23% reduction in delay relative to planar FETs. However, this benefit is offset by enhanced gate-to-source/drain capacitance (Cgs) in FinFETs. Here, we measure FinFET C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">gs</sub> capacitance at 22 nm-like dimensions and determine that, with optimization, the FinFET capacitance penalty can be limited to <6%, resulting in an overall advantage of up to 17% over a planar technology.
Antibody-mediated modulation of the IgM B-cell receptor (BCR) expression and signaling. (2014)

3050 Background: Targeting the BCR signaling pathway in B-cell malignancies has been shown to be therapeutic, but inhibition of the BCR itself has remained elusive due to serum IgM (sIgM) sequence homology. A unique sequence in the extracellular domain of membrane IgM (ECD-mIgM), designated proximal domain (PD), is not expressed in sIgM. Anti-PD monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can be used to purify ECD-mIgM for mAb generation. Here we identify an ECD-mIgM conformational epitope not detected in sIgM. Methods: High affinity anti-PD monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were generated by proprietary immunization techniques. These mAbs are shown by ELIZA, Western blots and Scanning Immuno-Electron Microscopy (SEM) to bind to mIgM protein and mIgM+ expressing cell lines (CA 46, SU-DHL-5, CRL-1596, CRL-1432, CRL-1642). Using these high affinity anti-PD mAbs, mIgM was immune-affinity purified. Second generation mAbs detecting mIgM conformational epitopes and not reacting with sIgM in ELIZA/Western/SEM assays were collected. Clonogenic assays were done by limiting dilution/MTT. Results: Cell surface binding assays demonstrated the specificity of these mAbs by testing against a panel of mIgM + vs mIgM- (mIgG+) cells. Normal sera failed to block or reduce mAb binding to mIgM+ cells. MAb1-1, mAb2-2b and mAb3-2b internalize mIgM but do not modulate cell growth inhibition. Second generation mAb4-2b mediates BCR internalization and in low density cultures, cell growth inhibition, anti-clonogenic activity and apoptosis are observed. Apoptosis is seen in a variety of malignant B-cell lines including high and low mIgM/Igα/β expressers. Conclusions: These data support the contention that BCR internalization is insufficient to interrupt the BCR signaling cascade despite the lack of detectable residual mIgM. Upon mAb4-2b binding to a non-ligand binding site on mIgM, it induces both BCR internalization and in another distinct event, apoptosis. These mAbs are candidates for development as drug/radioisotope targeting agents and/or as a mediator of inhibition of the BCR signaling pathway (mAb 4-2b). These mAbs have a high level of specificity as they do not bind to non-mIgM B-cells, normal lymphocytes and non-lymphatic tissue, thus reducing toxicity.
Error-resilient zero-tree wavelet image coding technique over noisy channels (2001)

A zero-tree wavelet image coding technique with resiliency to transmission errors that typically occur on noisy channels is proposed. Key tools employed consist of the bit partitioning algorithm, and the bit reorganization algorithm, which is called the error resilient entropy code (EREC). To take full advantage of the bit reorganization algorithm, the bit partitioning algorithm divides the data into separate code blocks, although the zero-tree wavelet coding algorithm is not a block-based compression method. The bit reorganization algorithm requires a very low redundancy for the sequential transmission of variable length blocks, offering a virtually guaranteed code and block synchronization. The wavelet transform and the wavelet packet transform are used. Simulation results verify the error resiliency of the proposed algorithm for image coding. The experimental data show that the proposed coders outperform the existing error resilient coders over both noise-free channels and noisy channels. In addition, it is confirmed that the proposed algorithm is more error resilient than previously reported error-resilient coders for various channel error conditions.
Olefin Epoxidations Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen Peroxide without Added Metallic Catalysts or Peroxy Acids (2001)

An alternative means of epoxidation is reported that uses environmentally benign supercritical carbon dioxide as both a solvent and reactant in combination with aqueous H2O2, which is made possible through the in situ formation of peroxycarbonic acid. Experiments were conducted at 40 °C and 120 bar in which cyclohexene was epoxidized to 1,2-cyclohexene oxide and 1,2-cyclohexanediol in this aqueous−organic biphasic system. Through the addition of NaHCO3 and the hydrophilic cosolvent dimethylformamide, the conversion increased from 0.4 mol % (without additives) to 12.6 mol % (with 0.1 mol % NaHCO3 and 13 mol % dimethylformamide). The results suggest that the reaction occurs within the aqueous phase, which led to investigations using the water-soluble olefin 3-cyclohexen-1-carboxylate sodium salt as a means of verifying the reaction location. Epoxidation of 3-cyclohexen-1-carboxylate sodium salt went to completion in less than 20 h at 40 °C and 120 bar with an epoxide yield of 89 mol % and diol yield of 11 mol %.
Artificial neural networks in breast cancer diagnosis: merging of computer-extracted features from breast images (2003)

We have developed a computer aided diagnosis method for differentiating malignant from benign masses. The computerized method outputs an estimated likelihood of malignancy for eventual use as an aid to radiologists in diagnosing breast cancer. The method incorporates various computer extracted image features and merges them using artificial neural networks and rules. The authors summarize recent progress.
Development of a compact x-ray particle image velocimetry for measuring opaque flows (2009)

A compact x-ray particle image velocimetry (PIV) system employing a medical x-ray tube as a light source was developed to measure quantitative velocity field information of opaque flows. The x-ray PIV system consists of a medical x-ray tube, an x-ray charge coupled device camera, a programmable shutter for a pulse-type x ray, and a synchronization device. Through performance tests, the feasibility of the developed x-ray PIV system as a flow measuring device was verified. To check the feasibility of the developed system, we tested a tube flow at two different mean velocities of 1 and 2 mm/s. The x-ray absorption of tracer particles must be quite different from that of working fluid to have a good contrast in x-ray images. All experiments were performed under atmospheric pressure condition. This system is unique and useful for investigating various opaque flows or flows inside opaque conduits.
Molecular Signatures Implicate Innate Immune Cells, Fibrosis, and Angiogenesis in Survival Following R-CHOP Treatment of Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (2008)

Abstract Background: The addition of Rituximab to CHOP chemotherapy (R-CHOP) has significantly improved the overall survival of patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) by 10–15%. To evaluate the biological basis of survival for DLBCL, we profiled gene expression in biopsy samples from patients treated with R-CHOP. Methods: Whole genome Affymetrix U133 2.0 plus arrays were used to profile gene expression in pre-treatment biopsies from patients with de novo DLBCL who received CHOP (n=181) or R-CHOP (n=233). Samples were classified as germinal center B cell-like (GCB), activated B cell-like (ABC) or unclassified DLBCL. A multivariate gene expression-based survival predictor was created using CHOP cases as training and R-CHOP cases as validation set. Results: R-CHOP treated patients with GCB DLBCL had a more favorable survival than those with ABC DLBCL, with 3-year overall survival rates of 84% and 56%, respectively (p&lt;0.001). A multivariate model created from 3 gene expression signatures – termed “germinal center B cell”, “stromal-1”, and “stromal-2” – predicted survival in both CHOP and R-CHOP cases, defining quartile groups among R-CHOP-treated patients with 3-year overall survival rates of 89%, 82%, 74%, and 48% (p&lt;0.001), and 3-year progression-free survival rates of 84%, 69%, 61% and 33% (p&lt;0.001). The germinal center B cell signature genes were more highly expressed in the malignant cells, whereas the stromal-1 and stromal-2 signature genes were more highly expressed in the non-malignant cells. The stromal-1 signature was associated with favorable outcome when expressed, and reflected extracellular matrix deposition and infiltration by histiocytic innate immune cells. In contrast, the prognostically unfavorable stromal-2 signature reflected angiogenesis and tumor blood vessel density. Conclusion: Survival in DLBCL is critically influenced by the composition of the tumor microenvironment, suggesting that therapeutic interference with microenvironmental interactions might further improve outcome in DLBCL. Specifically, inhibition of angiogenesis may be beneficial for a subset of patients with high relative expression of the stromal-2 signature and increased tumor blood vessel density.
Mini-Me: A Min-Repro System for Database Systems (2010)

Additional studies are needed to elucidate the neurocognitive characteristics of behavioral addictive disorders in terms of impulsivity and compulsivity.
Defined Xeno-free and Feeder-free Culture Conditions for the Generation of Human iPSC-derived Retinal Cell Models (2018)

The production of specialized cells from pluripotent stem cells provides a powerful tool to develop new approaches for regenerative medicine. The use of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is particularly attractive for neurodegenerative disease studies, including retinal dystrophies, where iPSC-derived retinal cell models mark a major step forward to understand and fight blindness. In this paper, we describe a simple and scalable protocol to generate, mature, and cryopreserve retinal organoids. Based on medium changing, the main advantage of this method is to avoid multiple and time-consuming steps commonly required in a guided differentiation of iPSCs. Mimicking the early phases of retinal development by successive changes of defined media on adherent human iPSC cultures, this protocol allows the simultaneous generation of self-forming neuroretinal structures and retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells in a reproducible and efficient manner in 4 weeks. These structures containing retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) can be easily isolated for further maturation in a floating culture condition enabling the differentiation of RPCs into the seven retinal cell types present in the adult human retina. Additionally, we describe quick methods for the cryopreservation of retinal organoids and RPE cells for long-term storage. Combined together, the methods described here will be useful to produce and bank human iPSC-derived retinal cells or tissues for both basic and clinical research.
Quantitative surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (2008)

The purpose of this tutorial review is to show how surface-enhanced Raman (SERS) and resonance Raman (SERRS) spectroscopy have evolved to the stage where they can be used as a quantitative analytical technique. SER(R)S has enormous potential for a range of applications where high sensitivity needs to be combined with good discrimination between molecular targets, particularly since low cost, compact spectrometers can read the high signal levels that SER(R)S typically provides. These advantages over conventional Raman measurements come at the cost of increased complexity and this review discusses the factors that need to be controlled to generate stable and reproducible SER(R)S calibrations.
Novel anionic photoacid generators (PAGs) and corresponding PAG bound polymers for sub-50 nm EUV lithography (2007)

A new series of anionic photoacid generators (PAGs) and corresponding polymers were prepared. The thermostability of PAG bound polymers was superior to that of PAG blend polymers. PAG incorporated into the polymer main chain showed improved resolution when compared with the PAG blend polymers. This was demonstrated by extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) results: the fluorine PAG bound polymer resist gave 45 nm (1 : 1), 35 nm (1 : 2), 30 nm (1 : 3) and 20 nm (1 : 4) Line/Space as well as the 50 nm (1 : 1) elbow pattern.
Near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield in MoS <sub>2</sub> (2015)

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides have emerged as a promising material system for optoelectronic applications, but their primary figure of merit, the room-temperature photoluminescence quantum yield (QY), is extremely low. The prototypical 2D material molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is reported to have a maximum QY of 0.6%, which indicates a considerable defect density. Here we report on an air-stable, solution-based chemical treatment by an organic superacid, which uniformly enhances the photoluminescence and minority carrier lifetime of MoS2 monolayers by more than two orders of magnitude. The treatment eliminates defect-mediated nonradiative recombination, thus resulting in a final QY of more than 95%, with a longest-observed lifetime of 10.8 ± 0.6 nanoseconds. Our ability to obtain optoelectronic monolayers with near-perfect properties opens the door for the development of highly efficient light-emitting diodes, lasers, and solar cells based on 2D materials.
Application of an equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV1) type-specific ELISA to the management of an outbreak of EHV1 abortion (1995)

Sera from 33 Australian thoroughbred mares were tested during an outbreak of equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV1) abortion with an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) for the presence of EHV1-specific antibodies. The ELISA used a recombinant EHV1 antigen derived from glycoprotein G (gG) and distinguished antibodies to EHV1 from those of the antigenically related and widespread herpesvirus EHV4. Sera were obtained from most of the mares on three occasions, three, 13 and 67 days after the first abortion. Mares which were negative in the ELISA were kept separate from mares which were positive. A second abortion occurred two days after the first and two more abortions and one perinatal death occurred later. Sera from these last three mares showed a significant increase in EHV1-specific antibody on day 13 indicating a recent infection with EHV1. Ten other mares did not have antibodies to EHV1 on day 13 but had seroconverted to EHV1 by day 67. Despite the EHV1 infection, these mares foaled normally, possibly because the infection had occurred either late in gestation or after foaling. Seven mares that remained negative in the ELISA throughout the testing period did not abort, and neither did 11 mares that were positive in the ELISA when they were first tested.
Wideband packet technology in the integrated access and cross‐connect system (IACS) (1990)

Abstract The integrated access and cross‐connect system (IACS) is an AT&T product based on the wideband packet technology. The IACS has two components: the integrated access terminal (IAT) and the integrated access controller (IAC). The IAC provides centralized control, operations and maintenance for a network of IATs. An IAT provides direct digital connectivity at 1·536 Mb/s or 2·048 Mb/s to customer terminals and to circuit‐ and packet‐switched networks. It integrates voice, voiceband data, facsimile traffic, digital data, signalling, image and network control into packets of common format. It allows networking in both the circuit and packet domains, offers bandwidth on demand, and achieves graceful degradation of voice quality during congestion.
Engineering the Schottky barrier heights in InGaAs metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors (1997)

An InGaAs metal-semiconductor-metal photodetector (MSMPD) that employs engineered Schottky barrier heights is proposed and demonstrated in this work. By engineering the barrier heights a significant decrease in dark current with no change in the responsivity or the bandwidth can be obtained in these devices in comparison to conventional MSMPDs. For MSMPDs with an electrode width and spacing of 2 micrometer, a photosensitive area of 2500 micrometer squared, and an applied bias of 5 V, dark currents of 1.42 nA, 381 pA, and 188 pA were obtained for the conventional Ti/Au, the conventional Pt/Ti/Pt/Au, and the engineered Pt/Ti/Pt/Au- Ti/Au MSMPDs, respectively. A Pt/Ti/Pt/Au-Ti/Au MSMPD with a 2 micrometer electrode width and spacing and a broad photosensitive area of 15625 micrometer squared exhibited a dark current density of 18.1 fA/micrometer squared which is lowest dark current density ever reported in literature for an InGaAs MSMPD. The responsivity and bandwidth of the conventional and the engineered MSMPDs was measured and was found to be virtually identical.
Multichannel detection and numerical resolution of overlapping chromatographic peaks (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMultichannel detection and numerical resolution of overlapping chromatographic peaksF. J. Knorr, H. R. Thorsheim, and J. M. HarrisCite this: Anal. Chem. 1981, 53, 6, 821–825Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00229a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00229a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views111Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Aquaspirillum magnetotacticum sp. nov., a Magnetic Spirillum (1981)

We studied the taxonomically relevant characteristics of a microaerophilic, chemoheterotrophic, magnetotactic, freshwater spirillum. Our results indicated that this organism represents a new bacterial species, which is most appropriately placed in the genus Aquaspirillum despite its microaerophilic nature and its lack of detectable catalase and oxidase activities. The name proposed for this new species is Aquaspirillum magnetotacticum, which reflects the remarkable magnetic responsiveness of this organism. The type strain is MS-1 (= ATCC 31632).
A simple control architecture for four-switch buck-boost converter based power factor correction rectifier (2017)

This paper describes a simple control architecture realized using hybrid feedforward control for a power factor correction (PFC) rectifier based on a four-switch non-inverting buck-boost converter. The converter operates in continuous conduction mode, with smooth transitions between the buck and the boost operations across a line-cycle. To implement the PFC functionality, the controller computes the buck and the boost duty cycles based only on the sensed inductor current and output voltage. The hybrid feedforward controller operation and converter design are verified by experiments on a universal-input, 110-V output, 1-kW four-switch buck-boost PFC rectifier prototype.
AI-Augmented, Ripple-Diamond-Chain Shaped, Rateless Routing in Wireless Mesh Networks With Multibeam Directional Antennas (2018)

Use of multibeam directional antennas (MBDAs) allows a node to simultaneously communicate in multiple directions on its different beams, which can significantly improve the data throughput compared with omni-directional or single-beam directional antennas. However, conventional multihop wireless routing protocols cannot effectively exploit the benefits of MBDAs. In this paper, we present a novel routing scheme for a wireless mesh network (WMN) equipped with MBDAs, which has the following two features: 1) Ripple-Diamond-Chain (RDC) shaped routing: To exploit the multidirection transmission capability of MBDAs, we use rateless codes to obtain loss-resilient symbols for data packets, which can be simultaneously transmitted on multiple beams of a node. Then we use ripples to differentiate the nodes in each hop in the tree topology of WMN. While the symbols are dispatched on multiple beams of a main path node in one ripple, they converge into another main path node in the next ripple. The entire route thus looks like a diamond chain, which can exploit the MBDA benefits. 2) Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Augmented Path Selection: Our routing scheme is augmented by using two AI algorithms. The fuzzy logic is used to define a weighted link quality, in order to adapt to different quality-ofservice requirements. The reinforcement learning is used to select the best main path based on the cumulative reward in all the links. In the simulations, we use the video as well as other time-sensitive traffic to evaluate efficiency of RDC routing, as well as intelligent path determination in WMN.