gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The HECTD3 E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Suppresses Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis via Stabilizing MALT1 (2013)

Homologous to the E6-associated protein carboxyl terminus domain containing 3 (HECTD3) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase with unknown functions. Here, we show that HECTD3 confers cancer cell resistance to cisplatin. To understand the molecular mechanisms, we performed a yeast two-hybrid analysis and identified mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue 1 (MALT1) as an HECTD3-interacting protein. HECTD3 promotes MALT1 ubiquitination with nondegradative polyubiquitin chains by direct interacting with the MALT1 through its N-terminal destruction of cyclin domain. HECTD3 does not target MALT1 for degradation but stabilize it. HECTD3 depletion dramatically decreases the levels of MALT1 in MCF7 and HeLa cells treated with cisplatin, which is correlated to an increase in apoptosis. Knockdown of MALT1 likewise increases cisplatin-induced apoptosis in these cancer cells. However, HECTD3 over-expression leads to a decreased cisplatin-induced apoptosis, whereas overexpression of MALT1 partially rescues HECTD3 depletion-induced apoptosis. These findings suggest that HECTD3 promotes cell survival through stabilizing MALT1. Our data have important implications in cancer therapy by providing novel molecular targets.
A Multi-Neural Network Acceleration Architecture (2020)

A cost-effective multi-tenant neural network execution is becoming one of the most important design goals for modern neural network accelerators. For example, as emerging AI services consist of many heterogeneous neural network executions, a cloud provider wants to serve a large number of clients using a single AI accelerator for improving its cost effectiveness. Therefore, an ideal next-generation neural network accelerator should support a simultaneous multi-neural network execution, while fully utilizing its hardware resources. However, existing accelerators which are optimized for a single neural network execution can suffer from severe resource underutilization when running multiple neural networks, mainly due to the load imbalance between computation and memory-access tasks from different neural networks.In this paper, we propose AI-MultiTasking (AI-MT), a novel accelerator architecture which enables a cost-effective, high-performance multi-neural network execution. The key idea of AI-MT is to fully utilize the accelerator’s computation resources and memory bandwidth by matching compute- and memory-intensive tasks from different networks and executing them in parallel. However, it is highly challenging to find and schedule the best load-matching tasks from different neural networks during runtime, without significantly increasing the size of on-chip memory. To overcome the challenges, AI-MT first creates fine-grain tasks at compile time by dividing each layer into multiple identical sub-layers. During runtime, AI-MT dynamically applies three sub-layer scheduling methods: memory block prefetching and compute block merging for the best resource load matching, and memory block eviction for the minimum on-chip memory footprint. Our evaluations using MLPerf benchmarks show that AI-MT achieves up to 1.57x speedup over the baseline scheduling method.
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs: Understanding advantages and limitations (2014)

Pituitary stimulation with pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogs induces both follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Pituitary gonadotropin secretions are blocked upon desensitization when a continuous GnRH stimulus is provided by means of an agonist or when the pituitary receptors are occupied with a competitive antagonist. GnRH antagonists were not available originally; therefore, prolonged daily injections of agonist with its desensitizing effect were used. Today, single- and multiple-dose injectable antagonists are also available to block the LH surge and thus to cause desensitization. This review provides an overview of the use of GnRH analogs which is potent therapeutic agents that are considerably useful in a variety of clinical indications from the past to the future with some limitations. These indications include management of endometriosis, uterine leiomyomas, hirsutism, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, premenstrual syndrome, assisted reproduction, and some hormone-dependent tumours, other than ovulation induction.
Retinal Vessel Diameters and Their Associations with Age and Blood Pressure (2003)

Retinal arteriolar diameters are narrower in older persons and in persons with higher BP, independent of other factors. The weaker association of retinal arteriolar diameters and BP in older people may reflect greater sclerosis of the retinal arterioles, preventing a degree of narrowing with higher BP similar to that seen in younger persons.
[Synthesis and spectral analysis of metal-N-glycoside complexes and studies of catalyzed ester hydrolytic kinetics]. (2005)

Four new complexes of Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Co(III) with HL (HL= N,N'-di-beta-D-glucosylethylenediamine) have been synthesized in methanol solutions. The compositions of the complexes determined by elementary analysis are [Ni(HL)(H2O)2]2+ Cl2.CH3OH.2H2O, [Cu(HL)]2+ Cl2.CH3CH2OH.3H2O, [Zn(HL)]2+ Cl2.H2O and [Co(HL)(H2O)(OH)]2+ Cl2.CH3OH.2H2O respectively. They were also characterized by IR, UV and NMR spectra which show that complexes of Ni(II) and Co(III) have octahedral configuration, while complexes of Cu(II) and Zn(II) have tetralhedral configuration. The hydrolytic kinetics of p-Nitrophenyl picolinate(PNPP) catalyzed by these complexes in buffer solution was also studied spectrophotometrically.
Numerical observer study of MAP-EM regularization methods with anatomical priors for lesion detection in /sup 67/Ga images (2004)

The goal of this work is to investigate to what extent the introduction of anatomical information in the MAP-EM algorithm can improve tumor detection in /sup 67/Ga images of the chest. The anatomical data used here are simulated CT slices of the chest. The edges of the organs and/or lesions can be easily delineated from these slices. Phantom images are created using the SIMIND Monte Carlo simulation software and the mathematical cardiac-torso phantom. Images are reconstructed using MAP-EM algorithm and the detection tasks are performed using numerical observers. Four strategies were investigated. Strategy S1: no prior, the reconstructed images are only filtered using a 3D Gaussian filter post rescaled block iterative reconstruction; Strategy S2: anatomical prior employed where lesions are present in the projection data and in the anatomical data; Strategy S3: anatomical prior employed where lesions are present in the projection data but not in the anatomical data; Strategy S4: anatomical prior employed where lesions are not present in the projection data but only in the anatomical data. Two contrasts lesion/background were used, 12/1 and 22.5/1. Three values for beta, the weight of the prior term, were under investigation: 0.005,0.02,0.04. We find that for the prior weights we have investigated (beta=0.005, 0.02 and 0.04), and for contrasts lesion/background of 12/1 and 22.5/1, strategy S2 yields better results than S1, especially at the low contrast. S3 yields results similar to S1. Strategy S4 yields results similar to S2. Thus it appears that use of the edge information for possible lesions seen in anatomical data may not be a problem in terms of creating false lesions in the emission slices.
Phagocytosis and degradation of DNA‐anti‐DNA complexes by human phagocytes I. Assay conditions, quantitative aspects and differences between human blood monocytes and neutrophils (1981)

The uptake in vitro was studied of 3H-labeled DNA-anti-DNA complexes by neutrophils and monocytes from human blood. Complexes were prepared from 3H-labeled circular double-stranded (dS) DNA of bacteriophage PM2 and anti-dsDNA-containing sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. After phagocytosis, cells and medium were separated. The cells were treated with DNase to remove adherent and noningested complexes before the cell-associated radioactivity was counted. Thus, only complexes inside the cells were measured. The medium was analyzed for acid-precipitable radioactivity. In this way, we found that neutrophils only phagocytose the complexes, whereas monocytes phagocytose the complexes and degrade the antigen. In contrast, both types of phagocyte degraded the antigen in tetanus-anti-tetanus complexes. The degradation took place after phagocytosis, inside the cells. The difference in DNA degradation between neutrophils and monocytes correlated with the difference in acid DNase activity of the lysosomal fractions: monocytes contained DNase activity, neutrophils did not. With complexes made from DNA with 131I-labeled anti-DNA, we found that both cell types degraded the antibody. Uptake of complexes and degradation of antigen increased with incubation time and cell concentration and was saturable with respect to complex concentration. The processes were inhibited by 5 mM mono-iodoacetic acid or by low temperatures.
Anthelminthic agents: some recent developments and their clinical application (1991)

<h3>Abstract</h3> The clinical and biochemical profile of differing LVH phenotypes and its effect on long term outcomes is ill-defined. The study investigated the differences in risk profiles and prognostic effect of concentric (CH) and eccentric hypertrophy (EH) on long-term adverse outcomes in a contemporary, ethnically diverse cohort. We analyzed follow-up data over 15 years from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis study, an ongoing multicenter, prospective population-based study in the United States that enrolled 6,814 participants with subclinical cardiovascular disease between 2000 and 2002. 4,979 participants with left ventricular mass and wall thickness, derived from cardiac MRI at baseline enrollment were included. Descriptive statistics, Kaplan-Meier curves, and regression models were applied. Independent variables associated with CH were Black and Hispanic race/ethnicity, systolic blood pressure, and metabolic syndrome. Independent variables associated with EH were systolic blood pressure, urine creatinine, whereas serum creatinine had an inverse association. The primary endpoint of all-cause death (n=1,137, 22.8%) occurred in 21.7%, 47.4%, and 56.6% of participants with no, concentric, or eccentric hypertrophy, respectively (p<0.001). Age (HR per year = 1.10 [1.09, 1.11], p<0.001), male gender (HR=1.48 [1.29, 1.69], p<0.001), Black race (HR=1.17 [1.005,1.36], p=0.04), fasting glucose (HR=1.005 [1.003, 1.007], p<0.001), baseline creatinine (HR per mg/dL = 1.29 [1.15-1.46], p<0.001), LVEF (HR per 1% = 0.98 [0.98, 0.99], p=0.005), IL-6 (HR per pg/mL = 1.17 [1.12, 1.22], p<0.001), concentric hypertrophy (HR=1.84 [1.41-2.41], p<0.001), and eccentric hypertrophy (HR=2.58 [1.77-3.76], p<0.001) were significant predictors of all-cause mortality. We conclude that CH and EH are two distinct clinical phenotypes of left ventricular hypertrophy with differing gender and racial predisposition, both associated with worse long-term adverse outcomes.
Study of thwarting DoS attacks by detecting MAC spoof in WLAN infrastructure networks (2012)

Denial of Service (DoS) attacks is a major problem prevalent in Wireless Local Area Network. An attack occurs mainly because of Medium Access Control (MAC) address spoofing. MAC spoofing is a technique where an adversary pretends to be a legitimate client/Access Point (AP) and sends forgery frames to the victim client or AP. Most of existing solutions are prevent DoS attacks after an intruder sending forged frame by spoofing Client or AP's identity. Few solutions are exists to detect an attacker at the time of MAC address spoofing. None of these techniques provides a complete solution. This paper describes the existing solutions and drawbacks of the available solutions and also compares the existing technique with future work based on throughput, packet loss and end to end delay.
Primary structure of the Thermoplasma proteasome and its implications for the structure, function, and evolution of the multicatalytic proteinase (1992)

The proteasome or multicatalytic proteinase is a high molecular mass multisubunit complex ubiquitous in eukaryotes but also found in the archaebacterial proteasome is made of two different subunits only, and yet the complexes are almost identical in size and shape. Cloning and sequencing the gene encoding the small (beta) subunit of the T. acidophilum complex completes the primary structure of the archaebacterial proteasome. The similarity of the derived amino acid sequences of 233 (alpha) and 211 (beta) residues, respectively, indicates that they arose from a common ancestral gene. All the sequences of proteasomal subunits from eukaryotes available to date can be related to either the alpha-subunit or beta-subunit of the T. acidophilum "Urproteasome", and they can be distinguished by means of a highly conserved N-terminal extension, which is characteristic for alpha-type subunits. On the basis of circumstantial evidence we suggest that the alpha-subunits have regulatory and targeting functions, while the beta-subunits carry the active sites.
Spatiotemporal Data Fusion for Precipitation Nowcasting (2018)

Precipitation nowcasting using neural networks and ground-based radars has become one of the key components of modern weather prediction services, but it is limited to the regions covered by ground-based radars. Truly global precipitation nowcasting requires fusion of radar and satellite observations. We propose the data fusion pipeline based on computer vision techniques, including novel inpainting algorithm with soft masking.
COBE Spectra<sup>®</sup> Apheresis System: Designs, Protocols and Results (1989)

The COBE Spectra System will perform all types of apheresis procedures. One of its main procedures is to collect single donor platelets. Because of the unique abilities of this device, the procedures are individualized by the control of several algorithms. Prior to the beginning of the run, a platelet yield is predicted using the entered platelet count. Based upon this information, changes can be made in the operating parameters to optimize the collection. Leuko-poor thrombozytes are produced which can be stored for 5 days. The collect concentration monitor, an on-line device, provides information on the use of thrombocyte concentration and yield, without the use of probes. The future of this system will ensure increased platelet yields with new channel designs or protocol modifications.
A comparison of one‐shot and recovery methods in T1 imaging (1988)

Spin-lattice (T1) relaxation times are conventionally estimated using inversion recovery or saturation recovery sequences. Such "recovery" methods are limited in magnetic resonance imaging by the long times required to collect multiple points along the T1 relaxation curve. This problem can be overcome by the use of "one-shot" methods, which collect all points along the relaxation curve in a single excitation. We have compared the relative efficiency of these methods, on the basis of the signal-to-noise ratio obtained in the calculated T1 image from an exam time of fixed duration. We have found that a one-shot method using stimulated echoes has a poor efficiency. However, a method based on a technique first proposed by Look and Locker has an efficiency that is almost equal to the inversion recovery method and therefore possesses highly favorable properties for T1 imaging.
Photocatalysis of Au25-modified TiO2 under visible and near infrared light (2010)

Visible light-driven photocatalysis of Au25-modified TiO2 was investigated. It induces oxidation of phenol derivates and ferrocyanide and reduction of Ag+, Cu2+ and dissolved oxygen. Thermodynamically uphill reactions such as oxidation of phenol accompanied by reduction of Cu2+ are also driven. The photocatalysis, which is based on the excitation of Au25, is observed even under 860 nm light.
OpenBlocks : an extendable framework for graphical block programming systems (2007)

Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2007.
Pharmacokinetics of tralokinumab in adolescents with asthma: implications for future dosing (2015)

Single-dose administration of tralokinumab 300 mg in adolescents was well tolerated, with a PK profile similar to that in adults. Exposure predictions suggest that dose adjustment is not required for adolescents.
Fuzzy metric approach for routing in B-ISDN (2003)

Routing algorithms are required to guarantee the various quality of service (QoS) characteristics requested by the wide range of applications supported by broadband integrated services digital networks (B-ISDN). However, it is known that such a routing problem, with two or more additive or multiplicative QoS metrics in any possible combination is NP-complete. We propose a heuristic approach based on fuzzy logic. For each metric, a fuzzy membership function is defined to reflect the QoS requirements from that metric. A fuzzy-inference rule base is implemented to generate the fuzzy cost of each path based on the crisp values of the different metrics possibly used in the network links. The proposed approach is tested with different loads and the effect on different measures of performance is analyzed. Simulation results demonstrate the capability of this approach to increase the throughput and utilization of the communication network, and provide a fair distribution of different connection requests.
An automated Genomes-to-Natural Products platform (GNP) for the discovery of modular natural products (2015)

Bacterial natural products are a diverse and valuable group of small molecules, and genome sequencing indicates that the vast majority remain undiscovered. The prediction of natural product structures from biosynthetic assembly lines can facilitate their discovery, but highly automated, accurate, and integrated systems are required to mine the broad spectrum of sequenced bacterial genomes. Here we present a genome-guided natural products discovery tool to automatically predict, combinatorialize and identify polyketides and nonribosomal peptides from biosynthetic assembly lines using LC-MS/MS data of crude extracts in a high-throughput manner. We detail the directed identification and isolation of six genetically predicted polyketides and nonribosomal peptides using our Genome-to-Natural Products platform. This highly automated, user-friendly programme provides a means of realizing the potential of genetically encoded natural products.
Pectin–Cellulose Interactions in the <i>Arabidopsis</i> Primary Cell Wall from Two-Dimensional Magic-Angle-Spinning Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (2012)

The primary cell wall of higher plants consists of a mixture of polysaccharides whose spatial proximities and interactions with each other are not well understood. We recently obtained the first two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional high-resolution magic-angle-spinning (13)C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the uniformly (13)C-labeled primary cell wall of Arabidopsis thaliana, which allowed us to assign the majority of (13)C resonances of the three major classes of polysaccharides: cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectins. In this work, we measured the intensity buildup of (13)C-(13)C cross-peaks in a series of 2D (13)C correlation spectra to obtain semiquantitative information about the spatial proximities between different polysaccharides. Comparison of 2D spectra measured at different spin diffusion mixing times identified intermolecular pectin-cellulose cross-peaks as well as interior cellulose-surface cellulose cross-peaks. The intensity buildup time constants are only modestly longer for cellulose-pectin cross-peaks than for interior cellulose-surface cellulose cross-peaks, indicating that pectins come into direct contact with the cellulose microfibrils. Approximately 25-50% of the cellulose chains exhibit close contact with pectins. The (13)C magnetization of the wall polysaccharides is not fully equilibrated by 1.5 s, indicating that pectins and cellulose are not homogeneously mixed on the molecular level. We also assigned the (13)C signals of cell wall proteins, identifying common residues such as Pro, Hyp, Tyr, and Ala. The chemical shifts indicate significant coil and sheet conformations in these structural proteins. Interestingly, few cross- peaks were observed between the proteins and the polysaccharides. Taken together, these data indicate that the three major types of polysaccharides in the primary wall of Arabidopsis form a single cohesive network, while structural proteins form a relatively separate domain.
Design and Synthesis of C5 Methylated <scp>l</scp>-Arginine Analogues as Active Site Probes for Nitric Oxide Synthase (2007)

The role of nitric oxide (NO) as a biological signaling molecule is well established. NO is produced by the nitric oxide synthases (NOSs, EC 1.14.13.39), a class of heme proteins capable of converting l-arginine to NO and l-citrulline. Despite the large body of knowledge associated with the NOSs, mechanistic details relating to the unique oxidative chemistry performed by these enzymes remain to be fully elucidated. Furthermore, a number of disease states are associated with either the over- or underproduction of NO, making the NOS pathway an attractive target for the development of therapeutics. For these reasons, molecular tools capable of providing mechanistic insights into the production of NO and/or the inhibition of the NOSs remain of interest. We report here the stereospecific synthesis and testing of a number of new l-arginine analogues bearing a minimal substitution, methylation at position 5 of the amino acid side chain (such analogues have not been previously reported). The synthetic approach employed a modified photolysis procedure whereby irradiation of the appropriate diacylperoxide precursors at 254 nm gave access to the required unnatural amino acids in good yields. A heme domain construct of the inducible NOS isoform (iNOSheme) was used to assess the binding of each compound to the enzyme active site. The compounds were also investigated as either inhibitors of, or alternate substrates for, the inducible NOS isoform. The results obtained provide new insight into the steric and stereochemical tolerance of the enzyme active site. These findings also further support the role of a conserved active site water molecule previously proposed to be necessary for NOS catalysis.
Driving behaviour in adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (2015)

The results suggest that difficulty regulating and controlling impulsive behavior, reflected in speeding, frustration with other road users, less safety when changing lanes on the motorway and a greater likelihood of an accident following an unexpected event, underlie impaired driving in ADHD. Hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms correlated with these indices. Deficits in sustained attention seemed to play a lesser role in this particular study, although further research is needed to determine whether effects on attention emerge over longer periods of time and/or are influenced by the novelty of the simulator environment.
The state of South Dakota's child: 2007, part II--death during childhood. (2008)

South Dakota's rate of death for children 1 to 14 years of age (39 per 100,000 population) exceeds that of the nation (20 per 100,000 population), and in 2004 (the most recent year for which data are available) it is the highest rate reported for any state in the nation. An examination of these deaths shows over half are caused by injuries. American Indians comprise 15 percent of the state's population of children, yet 35 percent of all its childhood deaths are American Indian. Further, the rate of childhood death due to homicide and suicide is five and four times higher for American Indian than white children in the state. Use of community-based mortality review committees and attention to the systemic social variables that affect behavior are suggested as approaches to responding to the tragic loss of life during childhood.