gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multimodal integration learning of robot behavior using deep neural networks (2014)

For humans to accurately understand the world around them, multimodal integration is essential because it enhances perceptual precision and reduces ambiguity. Computational models replicating such human ability may contribute to the practical use of robots in daily human living environments; however, primarily because of scalability problems that conventional machine learning algorithms suffer from, sensory-motor information processing in robotic applications has typically been achieved via modal-dependent processes. In this paper, we propose a novel computational framework enabling the integration of sensory-motor time-series data and the self-organization of multimodal fused representations based on a deep learning approach. To evaluate our proposed model, we conducted two behavior-learning experiments utilizing a humanoid robot; the experiments consisted of object manipulation and bell-ringing tasks. From our experimental results, we show that large amounts of sensory-motor information, including raw RGB images, sound spectrums, and joint angles, are directly fused to generate higher-level multimodal representations. Further, we demonstrated that our proposed framework realizes the following three functions: (1) cross-modal memory retrieval utilizing the information complementation capability of the deep autoencoder; (2) noise-robust behavior recognition utilizing the generalization capability of multimodal features; and (3) multimodal causality acquisition and sensory-motor prediction based on the acquired causality.
Nrf2 acts cell-autonomously in endothelium to regulate tip cell formation and vascular branching (2013)

Angiogenesis, in which new blood vessels form via endothelial cell (EC) sprouting from existing vessels, is a critical event in embryonic development and multiple disease processes. Many insights have been made into key EC receptors and ligands/growth factors that govern sprouting angiogenesis, but intracellular molecular mechanisms of this process are not well understood. NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor well-known for regulating the stress response in multiple pathologic settings, but its role in development is less appreciated. Here, we show that Nrf2 is increased and activated during vascular development. Global deletion of Nrf2 resulted in reduction of vascular density as well as EC sprouting. This was also observed with specific deletion of Nrf2 in ECs, but not with deletion of Nrf2 in the surrounding nonvascular tissue. Nrf2 deletion resulted in increased delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4) expression and Notch activity in ECs. Blockade of Dll4 or Notch signaling restored the vascular phenotype in Nrf2 KOs. Constitutive activation of endothelial Nrf2 enhanced EC sprouting and vascularization by suppression of Dll4/Notch signaling in vivo and in vitro. Nrf2 activation in ECs suppressed Dll4 expression under normoxia and hypoxia and inhibited Dll4-induced Notch signaling. Activation of Nrf2 blocked VEGF induction of VEGFR2-PI3K/Akt and downregulated HIF-2α in ECs, which may serve as important mechanisms for Nrf2 inhibition of Dll4 and Notch signaling. Our data reveal a function for Nrf2 in promoting the angiogenic sprouting phenotype in vascular ECs.
Conversation Trees: A Grammar Model for Topic Structure in Forums (2015)

Online forum discussions proceed differently from face-to-face conversations and any single thread on an online forum contains posts on different subtopics. This work aims to characterize the content of a forum thread as a conversation tree of topics. We present models that jointly perform two tasks: segment a thread into subparts, and assign a topic to each part. Our core idea is a definition of topic structure using probabilistic grammars. By leveraging the flexibility of two grammar formalisms, Context-Free Grammars and Linear Context-Free Rewriting Systems, our models create desirable structures for forum threads: our topic segmentation is hierarchical, links non-adjacent segments on the same topic, and jointly labels the topic during segmentation. We show that our models outperform a number of tree generation baselines.
Key metabolite kinetics in human skeletal muscle during ischaemia and reperfusion: measurement by microdialysis (1995)

The tissue kinetics of key metabolites of ischaemic and postischaemic tissue damage were studied in the intercellular space of human skeletal muscle by microdialysis. In vivo microdialysis calibration experiments (n = 5) yielded the basal intercellular concentration of glucose in human skeletal muscle (3.6 +/- 0.6 mM; mean +/- SD). The corresponding mean plasma glucose concentration was 4.3 +/- 0.2 mM which was significantly higher. The time vs. concentration profiles of intercellular glucose (n = 7), lactate (n = 5), TxB2 (n = 6) and urea (n = 8) were characterized during a 20 min period of leg constriction. TxB2 increased exclusively during reperfusion in comparison to baseline (n = 6). Administration of 500 mg acetylsalicylic acid, 5-10 min after onset of ischaemia blunted TxB2-response to reperfusion (n = 4). It is concluded that intercellular muscle glucose concentration is less than that in plasma. Glucose uptake in skeletal muscle is rapid even under ischaemic conditions. Synthesis and release of TxB2 is not evident during ischaemia. TxB2 mediated reperfusion injury might be reduced by acetylsalicylic acid, even if administered after onset of ischaemia.
Active Trim Panel Attachments for Control of Sound Transmission through Aircraft Structures (2006)

Aircraft interior noise is governed by the sound characteristics of the fuselage sidewall. Active trim panel attachments provide a promising technology for the low-frequency control of interior noise. Placed between the main fuselage and the cabin trim panels they are used to control the dynamic structural response and consequently the sound radiation of the trim panels. The control concept has been developed by means of a vibro-acoustic simulation model representing a generic aircraft section. A prototype demonstrator was experimentally tested under laboratory conditions proving that substantial reductions in sound transmission for various tonal and broadband perturbations can be obtained with such an active system.
Mutational Analysis of Mesentericin Y105, an Anti- <i>Listeria</i> Bacteriocin, for Determination of Impact on Bactericidal Activity, In Vitro Secondary Structure, and Membrane Interaction (2004)

Mesentericin Y105 is a 37-residue bacteriocin produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides Y105 that displays antagonistic activity against gram-positive bacteria such as Enterococcus faecalis and Listeria monocytogenes. It is closely related to leucocin A, an antimicrobial peptide containing beta-sheet and alpha-helical structures. To analyze structure-function relationships and the mode of action of this bacteriocin, we generated a collection of mesentericin derivatives. Mutations were obtained mostly by PCR random mutagenesis, and the peptides were produced by an original system of heterologous expression recently described. Ten derivatives were obtained displaying modifications at eight different positions in the mesentericin Y105 sequence. Purified peptides were incorporated into lysophosphatidylcholine micelles and analyzed by circular dichroism. The alpha-helical contents of these peptides were compared and related to their respective bactericidal activities. Moreover, studies of the intrinsic fluorescence of tryptophan residues naturally occurring at positions 18 and 37 revealed information about insertion of the peptides in micelles. A model for the mode of action of mesentericin Y105 and related bacteriocins is proposed.
Bmp2 Is Critical for the Murine Uterine Decidual Response (2007)

The process of implantation, necessary for all viviparous birth, consists of tightly regulated events, including apposition of the blastocyst, attachment to the uterine lumen, and differentiation of the uterine stroma. In rodents and primates the uterine stroma undergoes a process called decidualization. Decidualization, the process by which the uterine endometrial stroma proliferates and differentiates into large epithelioid decidual cells, is critical to the establishment of fetal-maternal communication and the progression of implantation. The role of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (Bmp2) in regulating the transformation of the uterine stroma during embryo implantation in the mouse was investigated by the conditional ablation of Bmp2 in the uterus using the (PR-cre) mouse. Bmp2 gene ablation was confirmed by real-time PCR analysis in the PR-cre; Bmp2fl/fl (termed Bmp2d/d) uterus. While littermate controls average 0.9 litter of 6.2+/-0.7 pups per month, Bmp2d/d females are completely infertile. Analysis of the infertility indicates that whereas embryo attachment is normal in the Bmp2d/d as in control mice, the uterine stroma is incapable of undergoing the decidual reaction to support further embryonic development. Recombinant human BMP2 can partially rescue the decidual response, suggesting that the observed phenotypes are not due to a developmental consequence of Bmp2 ablation. Microarray analysis demonstrates that ablation of Bmp2 leads to specific gene changes, including disruption of the Wnt signaling pathway, Progesterone receptor (PR) signaling, and the induction of prostaglandin synthase 2 (Ptgs2). Taken together, these data demonstrate that Bmp2 is a critical regulator of gene expression and function in the murine uterus.
A time-orthogonal CDMA high-speed uplink data transmission scheme for 3G and beyond (2005)

In 3G systems, the achievable data rates and capacity on the uplink are much smaller than the downlink data rates and capacity due to the nonorthogonal nature of the CDMA uplink. In this article, we present a new time-orthogonal CDMA approach called high-speed uplink data burst transmission mode. The concept is based on slot-synchronized slot-orthogonal transmissions whereby high-speed data transmissions take place in slots orthogonal to the slots used for physical layer control signaling and low-data-rate transmission such as resource requests. Using this approach, very high data rates and capacity are achieved during data burst transmission because of the availability of high signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, resulting from the orthogonal nature of the transmissions. Simulation results show that the uplink spectral efficiency of the proposed scheme is approximately four times better than that achieved with the existing 3G systems
PATTERNS OF ALLOSENSITIZATION IN ALLOGRAFT RECIPIENTS (1998)

IgG alloantibody production by murine cardiac allograft recipients is not a precise indicator of allosensitization leading to either cardiac allograft rejection or acceptance. However, expression of alloreactive DTH is a reliable indicator of allosensitization leading to acute rejection, and the absence of DTH in association with active DTH down-regulatory mechanisms is a reliable indicator of allograft acceptance in this experimental model. Thus, DTH analysis may hold more promise than alloantibody detection for clinical assessment of posttransplant immune status.
Dominant negative regulation of trans-activation by the rat androgen receptor: roles of the N-terminal domain and heterodimer formation. (1993)

A series of deletion mutants was constructed for the rat androgen receptor (AR) to delineate sequences involved in transcriptional activation. Using transient expression conditions in CV-1 cells and in vitro DNA-binding studies, the amino-terminal domain of the receptor was shown to contain a region (residues 147-296) that is mandatory for trans-activation. Receptors with deletions (residues 147-408) in the N-terminal domain, but with intact DNA- and ligand-binding domains, interacted in vitro with androgen-responsive elements albeit with affinities lower than that of the wild type receptor. Coexpression of N-terminal deletion mutants (delta 46-408 and delta 38-296) with the wild type AR blunted trans-activation by the latter protein in a dominant fashion. By contrast, a hormone-binding-deficient receptor (delta 788-902) that had poor intrinsic activity potentiated the trans-activation by the native receptor. Mechanisms by which deletion mutants in the N-terminal region abolish the function of the wild type protein appear to involve heterodimer formation during interaction with DNA and direct competition for available binding sites on DNA, rather than squelching of accessory proteins. In contrast to impaired trans-activation, binding of the ligand to N-terminal deletion mutants brought about conformational changes that were comparable in wild type and mutant forms, as judged by electrophoretic mobility shift assays. Taken together, these data have specified a region in the N-terminal domain of the AR that plays a decisive role in transcriptional regulation.
Harmonic reduction in a single-switch, three-phase boost rectifier with high order harmonic injected PWM (2002)

A single-switch three-phase boost rectifier cannot be pushed to high power levels due to high total harmonic distortion (THD). An approach employing high order harmonic injected PWM is proposed to reduce the harmonic content to meet the IEC 555-2 (A) standard for a 5-10 kW power application without significantly increasing the output. The results are verified by a prototype converter operating at 800 V/6 kW with a 3/spl times/220 V input.
Fast Incremental Clustering of Gaussian Mixture Speaker Models for Scaling up Retrieval In On-Line Broadcast (2006)

In this paper, we introduce a hierarchical classification approach in the incremental framework of speaker indexing. The technique of incremental generation of speaker-homogeneous segments is applied in the first phase. Then, we propose a hierarchical classification approach that applied in the speaker indexing framework. This approach benefits from the efficiency of Gaussian mixture model (GMM) merge algorithm to the high accuracy of update Gaussian mixture models which referenced by speakers tree index. The adaptive threshold algorithm reduces the cost of exploring the speakers GMM into the balanced binary tree of speaker's index, whose complexity becomes logarithmic curve
Control correction synthesis: A set-theoretic approach (2009)

This paper analyzes the control correction synthesis problem, introduced and discussed in a general non-linear compact setting, for constrained discrete-time control systems. In addition, motivated by computational considerations and a practical application, this paper examines, in more detail, the problem formulated in linear convex compact and linear piece-wise convex compact settings. The solution of the corresponding control correction synthesis problem is obtained by utilizing set theoretic methods, in particular, by employing set invariance concepts. The control correction strategy is illustrated by an example which represents a simplified version of a practical case study.
Superhard materials promise extended wear capability (1977)

Superhard materials ranging in hardness between that of tungsten carbide and diamonds, are being evaluated for use as cutting elements in drill bits and as wear surfaces on stabilizers. Physical properties of the materials, a lab test, and prototype bit are discussed. Compounds considered potentially useful for drilling applications include boron carbide, titanium diboride, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, and some other mixtures of boron carbide and titanium diboride have exhibited unusual qualities and exceed the wear resistance of the parent compounds in some applications.
Direct mapping architecture for JPEG Huffman decoder (2006)

A novel decoding algorithm for the JPEG Huffman code is presented, in which the alternating current (AC) Huffman table is partitioned into four modules. According to this partition, a direct mapping technique is developed to decode Huffman codewords without any searching or matching operations. Therefore, an algorithm based on this technique can save several controlling circuits and will be simple for the hardware implementation. There are also two other merits: first, the run/size symbols and codeword lengths can be obtained directly; and, next, it is not necessary to store any AC Huffman codewords in the memory space at the decoding end. As a result, the overall behaviour of the developed algorithm is better than the conventional methods. This is illustrated through a mathematical verification using the Big-O notation and a hardware simulation using hardware description language. Tables of comparison results are included in the paper. Furthermore, a VLSI architecture of this proposed algorithm is also developed and included.
Convivencia more uxorio. Disolución (2003)

• Enunciado: 
En el Juzgado de Primera Instancia numero 2 de Salamanca se presento demanda de juicio ordinario el 6 de mayo de 2003 por el procurador Senor Garcia en nombre y representacion de don Andres S. S. contra dona Ana M.M. en reclamacion de los gastos devengados hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2002 y los derivados de la propiedad del inmueble. Dona Ana M.M. habia sido su pareja de hecho y habian convivido desde octubre de 1998 hasta marzo de 2002. 
En fecha 7 de julio de 1996 ambos adquirieron por mitad e iguales partes indivisas la vivienda en la que posteriormente convivieron. Durante el periodo de convivencia todos los gastos de la vivienda y los derivados de la convivencia fueron abonados por el demandante quedandose la demandada al cuidado del hogar y del hijo. 
La demandada reconvino interesando la division por mitad de la vivienda quedandose el demandante con la vivienda debiendo abonar la mitad de la vivienda a la demandada reconviniente y solicitando ademas una indemnizacion por el trabajo realizado para el hogar. 
• Cuestiones planteadas: 
1. Objeto del procedimiento. 
2. Normas aplicables a la union paramatrimonial. 
3. Trabajo para el hogar. 
4. Conclusion final.
Analysis of purified human liver α-<scp>l</scp>-fucosidase by western-blotting with lectins and polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies (1992)

Western-blot analysis [with lectins, polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) and four monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)] was employed to investigate the structural relationship between the separated isoforms and subunits of purified human liver alpha-L-fucosidase. SDS/PAGE and Western-blot analysis indicated the presence of two protein bands of 51 kDa and 56 kDa that were recognized by the pAbs. Polyacrylamide-gel isoelectric focusing (PAG-IEF) followed by blotting indicated that the pAbs and mAbs recognized at least five fucosidase isoforms (pI values 3.6-6.0). Lectin blotting indicated an enrichment of sialic acid residues in the more acidic isoforms. Western-blot analysis indicated that four mAbs recognized the 51 kDa subunit and at least two mAbs recognized the 56 kDa subunit. The subunit composition of the isoforms (separated by PAG-IEF) of human liver alpha-L-fucosidase was investigated by SDS/PAGE. One or two closely spaced bands were found for each isoform with a trend of increasing relative amounts of the high-molecular-mass band in the more acidic isoforms relative to the more neutral isoforms. Neuraminidase treatment of alpha-L-fucosidase resulted in a decrease in the amount of the high-molecular-mass subunit and an increase in the amount of the low-molecular-mass subunit, suggesting that these subunits are related at least in part by sialic acid residues. In addition, blotting with lectins indicated the presence of sialic acid residues only in the high-molecular-mass subunit. N-Glycanase treatment led to the disappearance of the glycosylated 56 kDa and 51 kDa protein bands and the appearance of non-glycosylated protein bands at 48 kDa and 45 kDa. The overall results indicate that (1) N-glycosylation contributes to, but does not account completely for, structural differences in the fucosidase subunits and (2) the more acidic isoforms of fucosidase contain enriched relative amounts of the sialylated high-molecular-mass subunit.
A comparison of three heparin-binding serine proteinase inhibitors. (1992)

The purpose of this study was to compare three heparin-binding plasma proteinase inhibitors in order to identify common and unique features of heparin binding and heparin-enhanced proteinase inhibition. Experiments with antithrombin, heparin cofactor, and protein C inhibitor were performed under identical conditions in order to facilitate comparisons. Synthetic peptides corresponding to the putative heparin binding regions of antithrombin, heparin cofactor, and protein C inhibitor bound to heparin directly and interfered in heparin-enhanced proteinase inhibition assays. All three inhibitors obeyed a ternary complex mechanism for heparin-enhanced thrombin inhibition, and the optimum heparin concentration was related to the apparent heparin affinity of the inhibitor. The maximum inhibition rate and rate enhancement due to heparin appeared to be unique properties of each inhibitor. In assays with heparin oligosaccharides of known size, only the antithrombin-thrombin reaction exhibited a sharp threshold for rate enhancement at 14-16 saccharide units. Acceleration of antithrombin inhibition of factor Xa, heparin cofactor inhibition of thrombin, and protein C inhibitor inhibition of thrombin, activated protein C, and factor Xa did not require a minimum saccharide size. The differences in heparin size dependence and rate enhancement of proteinase inhibition by these inhibitors might reflect differences in the importance of the ternary complex mechanism and other mechanisms, alterations in inhibitor reactivity, and orientation effects in heparin-enhanced proteinase inhibition.
Placenta-derived exosomes continuously increase in maternal circulation over the first trimester of pregnancy (2014)

During normal healthy pregnancy, the number of exosomes present in the maternal plasma increased significantly with gestational age across the first trimester of pregnancy. This study is a baseline that provides an ideal starting point for developing early detection method for women who subsequently develop pregnancy complications, clinically detected during the second trimester. Early detection of women at risk of pregnancy complications would provide an opportunity to develop and evaluate appropriate intervention strategies to limit acute adverse sequel.
The broadening reach of frustrated Lewis pair chemistry (2016)

The revelation that combinations of Lewis acids and bases for which dative bonding is impeded can activate dihydrogen led to the concept of "frustrated Lewis pairs" (FLPs). Over the past decade, a range of FLP systems and substrate molecules have precipitated a paradigm change in main-group chemistry and metal-free catalysis. The FLP motif has also found application in a growing body of chemical problems in organic synthesis, transition metal and free radical chemistry, materials, enzymatic models, and surface chemistry. The current state of FLP chemistry is assessed herein, and the outlook for the future considered.