gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functional role of oligomerization for bacterial and plant SWEET sugar transporter family (2013)

Eukaryotic sugar transporters of the MFS and SWEET superfamilies consist of 12 and 7 α-helical transmembrane domains (TMs), respectively. Structural analyses indicate that MFS transporters evolved from a series of tandem duplications of an ancestral 3-TM unit. SWEETs are heptahelical proteins carrying a tandem repeat of 3-TM separated by a single TM. Here, we show that prokaryotes have ancestral SWEET homologs with only 3-TM and that the Bradyrhizobium japonicum SemiSWEET1, like Arabidopsis SWEET11, mediates sucrose transport. Eukaryotic SWEETs most likely evolved by internal duplication of the 3-TM, suggesting that SemiSWEETs form oligomers to create a functional pore. However, it remains elusive whether the 7-TM SWEETs are the functional unit or require oligomerization to form a pore sufficiently large to allow for sucrose passage. Split ubiquitin yeast two-hybrid and split GFP assays indicate that Arabidopsis SWEETs homo- and heterooligomerize. We examined mutant SWEET variants for negative dominance to test if oligomerization is necessary for function. Mutation of the conserved Y57 or G58 in SWEET1 led to loss of activity. Coexpression of the defective mutants with functional A. thaliana SWEET1 inhibited glucose transport, indicating that homooligomerization is necessary for function. Collectively, these data imply that the basic unit of SWEETs, similar to MFS sugar transporters, is a 3-TM unit and that a functional transporter contains at least four such domains. We hypothesize that the functional unit of the SWEET family of transporters possesses a structure resembling the 12-TM MFS structure, however, with a parallel orientation of the 3-TM unit.
Research on Reliability Optimization Method of Disconnecting Circuit Breakers (2019)

In recent years, with the rapid development of power intelligent equipment technology, disconnecting circuit breakers (DCB) has become a research focus. But its high integration of isolation, circuit breaking, data acquisition, intelligent control and other functions has led to the problem of low reliability. Therefore, the reliability optimization method of DCB is proposed in this paper. Based on the reliability analysis of functional units of DCB, several equivalent models of DCB are established, and the reliability calculation of the models is analyzed. The reliability of the DCB basic model is deduced, and the optimal calculation method affecting the reliability of equipment is found out. From the standpoint of system optimization, several reliability optimization methods are studied, such as topology optimization, reliability configuration optimization and redundancy optimization. Reliability analysis is carried out for these three methods, and the advantages and disadvantages of different optimization methods are explained in detail. Finally, statistical data are used to calculate the reliability of products designed by different optimization methods. Through the analysis and comparison of reliability values, it is proved that the proposed methods can improve the reliability of equipment effectively, and have a good guiding role in the reliability design of DCB.
Altered expression of hMSH2 and hMLH1 in tumors with microsatellite instability and genetic alterations in mismatch repair genes. (1996)

To date, at least four genes involved in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) have been demonstrated to be altered in the germline of patients with hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer: hMSH2, hMLH1, hPMS1, and hPMS2. Additionally, loss of MMR function has been demonstrated to lead to the phenomenon of microsatellite instability (MIN) in tumors from these patients. In this study, we have examined the protein expression pattern of hMSH2 and hMLH1 by immunohistochemistry in paraffin-embedded tumors from 7 patients with MIN+ sporadic cancer, 13 patients with familial colorectal cancer, and 12 patients meeting the strict Amsterdam criteria for hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer. The relationship between the expression of these two gene products, the presence of germline or somatic mutations, and the presence of tumor MIN was examined. Nineteen of the 28 tumors studied demonstrated MIN, whereas mutations in hMLH1 and hMSH2 were detected in 6 and 2 patients, respectively. Of the eight MIN+/mutation+ cases, the absence of protein expression was observed for the corresponding gene product in all but one case (missense mutation in hMLH1). However, seven MIN+/mutation- cases also showed no expression of either hMLH1 (n = 5), hMSH2 (n = 1), or both (n = 1), whereas four MIN+/mutation- cases demonstrated normal expression for both. None of the MIN-/mutation- cases (n = 9) demonstrated an altered expression pattern for either protein. These data suggest that examination of protein expression by immunohistochemistry may be a rapid method for prescreening tumors for mutations in the MMR genes.
LinkedIn Salary: A System for Secure Collection and Presentation of Structured Compensation Insights to Job Seekers (2017)

Online professional social networks such as LinkedIn have enhanced the ability of job seekers to discover and assess career opportunities, and the ability of job providers to discover and assess potential candidates. For most job seekers, salary (or broadly compensation) is a crucial consideration in choosing a new job. At the same time, job seekers face challenges in learning the compensation associated with different jobs, given the sensitive nature of compensation data and the dearth of reliable sources containing compensation data. Towards the goal of helping the world's professionals optimize their earning potential through salary transparency, we present LinkedIn Salary, a system for collecting compensation information from LinkedIn members and providing compensation insights to job seekers. We present the overall design and architecture, and describe the key components needed for the secure collection, de-identification, and processing of compensation data, focusing on the unique challenges associated with privacy and security. We perform an experimental study with more than one year of compensation submission history data collected from over 1.5 million LinkedIn members, thereby demonstrating the tradeoffs between privacy and modeling needs. We also highlight the lessons learned from the production deployment of this system at LinkedIn.
Searching for DDAH Inhibitors:  <i>S</i>-Nitroso-<scp>l</scp>-homocysteine Is a Chemical Lead (2005)

The cysteine-hydrolase dimethylargininase-1 (DDAH-1) is an important regulator of NO production in mammalian tissue for which the availability of an inhibitor for clinics and research would be most appreciated. While studying the effect of the endogenously occurring S-nitroso-l-homocysteine on DDAH-1, an unusual N-thiosulfoximide modification was identified in the active site of the enzyme. Thus, S-nitroso-l-homocysteine in combination with the mechanism proposed herein offers a basis for the rational design of DDAH inhibitors.
Rapid protocol for pre‐conception genetic diagnosis of single gene mutations by first polar body analysis: a possible solution for the Italian patients (2007)

[No abstract available]
Cellular-based vehicle to pedestrian (V2P) adaptive communication for collision avoidance (2014)

Road safety is one of the most important applications of vehicular networks. However, improving pedestrian safety via vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) wireless communication has not been extensively addressed. In this paper, our vision is to propose a method which enables development of V2P road safety applications via wireless communication and only utilizing the existing infrastructure and devices. As pedestrians' smartphones do not support the IEEE 802.11p amendment which is customized for vehicular networking, we have initiated an approach that utilizes cellular technologies. Study shows potential of utilizing 3G and LTE for highly mobile entities of vehicular network applications. In addition, some vehicles are already equipped with cellular connectivity but otherwise the driver's smartphone is used as an alternative. However, smartphone limited battery life is a bottleneck in realization of such pedestrian safety system. To tackle the energy limitation in smartphones, we employ an adaptive multi-level approach which operates in an energy-saving mode in risk-free situations but switches to normal mode as it detects a risky situation. Based on our evaluation and analysis, this adaptive approach considerably saves electrical energy and thus makes the cellular-based road-safety system practical.
Reactivity‐Based One‐Pot Synthesis of the Tumor‐Associated Antigen N3 Minor Octasaccharide for the Development of a Photocleavable DIOS‐MS Sugar Array (2006)

Sweet and light: Readily available thioglycosides with defined relative reactivity values were used as building blocks in a one-pot strategy to synthesize the tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen N3 minor (1). The target molecule was attached covalently to a porous silicon surface through a photocleavable linker for direct characterization in a mass spectrometer equipped with a laser source. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z504067_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Spectroscopic Observation of Matrix‐Isolated Carbonic Acid Trapped from the Gas Phase (2010)

Against all odds: Carbonic acid molecules were trapped from the gas phase in a solid noble-gas matrix at <10 K and studied by IR spectroscopy. The 2H and and 13C isotopologues were also examined. Gas-phase carbonic acid is thought to exist as a 1:10:1 mixture of two monomeric conformers and the cyclic dimer (H2CO3)2. This data is vital in the search for gas-phase carbonic acid in astrophysical environments. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
IRcall and IRclassifier: two methods for flexible detection of intron retention events from RNA-Seq data (2015)

The data and codes of IRcall and IRclassifier are available at http://mlg.hit.edu.cn/ybai/IR/IRcallAndIRclass.html.
Single DNA molecule analysis: Applications of molecular combing (2003)

Dynamic changes to the genomic structure and to the DNA replication programme are important determinants of normal and abnormal cell development. To understand these changes and how they vary from cell to cell, single DNA molecules from both normal and abnormal cell populations must be examined and compared. Physical characterisation of single genomes at the kilobase level of resolution over large genomic regions is possible with molecular combing technology. An array of combed single DNA molecules is prepared by stretching molecules attached by their extremities to a silanised glass surface with a receding air-water meniscus. By performing fluorescent hybridisation on combed DNA, genomic probe position can be directly visualised, providing a means to construct physical maps and detect micro-rearrangements. Single-molecule DNA replication can also be monitored through fluorescent detection of incorporated nucleotide analogues on combed DNA molecules. These and other single-molecule applications of molecular combing are discussed in this paper and future developments of the technology are considered.
Experimental validation of a numerical model for non-contact, massively actuated deformable adaptive mirrors (2010)

The validation of the multidisciplinary model of a deformable, massively actuated adaptive mirror is presented. The related experimental correlations are focused on an adaptive shell with 45 non contacting voice coils actuated points, dubbed P45, that was developed as an engineering verification prototype for the LBT adaptive secondary mirrors. A description of the multi physics model is followed by the results obtained simulating actual experimental tests and by their correlation with the related true measures. The significance of various modeling details and their impact on the correlation is discussed. The results show a remarkable match between numerical and experimental data.
Evaluation in an emergency department of rapid separator tubes containing thrombin for serum preparation prior to hs-cTnT and CK-MB analyses (2013)

The hs-cTnT and CK-MB test results did not significantly differ when either tube was used. RST tube use was associated with a short clotting time; this was an advantage in an emergency laboratory setting.
Driver Gaze Estimation Without Using Eye Movement (2015)

Abstract—Automated estimation of the allocation of adriver’s visual attention may be a critical component offuture Advanced Driver Assistance Systems. In theory,vision-based tracking of the eye can provide a good estimateof gaze location. In practice, eye tracking from videois challenging because of sunglasses, eyeglass reﬂections,lighting conditions, occlusions, motion blur, and otherfactors. Estimation of head pose, on the other hand, isrobust to many of these effects, but cannot provide as ﬁne-grained of a resolution in localizing the gaze. However,for the purpose of keeping the driver safe, it is sufﬁcientto partition gaze into regions. In this effort, we proposea system that extracts facial features and classiﬁes theirspatial conﬁguration into six regions in real-time. Ourproposed method achieves an average accuracy of 91.4%at an average decision rate of 11 Hz on a dataset of 50drivers from an on-road study.Index Terms—Head pose estimation, gaze tracking, driverdistraction, driver assistance systems, on-road study.
Round-robin arbiter design and generation (2002)

In this paper, we introduce a Round-robin Arbiter Generator (RAG) tool. The RAG tool can generate a design for a Bus Arbiter (BA). The BA is able to handle the exact number of bus masters for both on-chip and off-chip buses. RAG can also generate a distributed and parallel hierarchical Switch Arbiter (SA). The first contribution of this paper is the automated generation of a round-robin token passing BA to reduce time spent on arbiter design. The generated arbiter is fair, fast, and has a low and predictable worst-case wait time. The second contribution of this paper is the design and integration of a distributed fast arbiter, e.g., for a terabit switch, based on 2/spl times/2 and 4/spl times/4 switch arbiters (SAs). Using a .25/spl mu/ TSMC standard cell library from LEDA Systems [10, 14], we show the arbitration time of a 256/spl times/256 SA for a terabit switch and demonstrate that the SA generated by RAG meets the time constraint to achieve approximately six terabits of throughput in a typical network switch design. Furthermore, our generated SA performs better than the Ping-Pong Arbiter and Programmable Priority Encoder by a factor of 1.9/spl times/ and 2.4/spl times/, respectively.
Fluorescence quenching; a practical problem in flow cytometry (1990)

Dual fluorescence analysis with a single-laser fluorescence-activated cell sorter is dependent on the use of two fluorochromes with similar excitation wavelengths but different emission wavelengths. The dye pair fluorescein and R-phycoerythrin (RPE) have been widely employed for this purpose and interaction between the two dyes has not been observed. Here evidence is presented to show that at high concentrations RPE can completely quench the fluorescein signal in dual fluorescence analysis of human tonsil lymphocytes labelled with pairs of monoclonal antibodies. Reduction in the fluorescein signal correlated with the intensity of red (RPE) staining. This phenomenon can seriously compromise interpretation of dual immunofluorescence carried out on a single laser instrument and can best be avoided by careful analysis of single colour controls.
Hypothesis for Synergistic Toxicity of Organophosphorus Poisoning-induced Cholinergic Crisis and Anaphylactoid Reactions (1996)

The neurotoxicity of organophosphorus (OP) compounds involves the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), causing accumulation of acetylcholine (ACh) at synapses. However, cholinergic crisis may not be the sole mechanism of OP toxicity. Adverse drug reactions caused by synergistic toxicity between drugs with distinct pharmacological mechanisms are a common problem. Likewise, the multiple pharmacological activities of a single molecule might also contribute to either toxicity or efficacy. For example, certain OP compounds (e.g. soman) exhibit anti-AChE activity and also act as secretagogues by inducing mast cell degranulation with associated autacoid release and anaphylactoid reactions. Anaphylactoid shock can produce a lethal syndrome with symptoms of respiratory failure and circulatory collapse similar to the physiological sequelae observed for OP poisoning. Moreover, the major classes of drugs used as antidotes for OP intoxication can affect anaphylaxis. Acetylcholine can act as an agonist of autacoid release, and autacoids such as histamine can augment soman-induced bronchial spasm. In concert with the demonstrably critical role of cholinergic crisis in OP toxicity, the precepts of neuroimmunology indicate that secondary adverse reactions encompassing anaphylactoid reactions may complicate OP toxicity.
Resolving contact conflict for double patterning split (2009)

Double patterning (DP) is one of the main options to print devices with half pitch less than 45nm. The basis of DP is to decompose a design into two masks. In this work we focus on the decomposition of the contact pattern layer. Contacts with pitch less than a split pitch are assigned to opposite masks corresponding to different exposures. However, there exist contact pattern configurations for which features can not be assigned to opposite masks. Such contacts are flagged as color conflicts. With the help of design of manufacturing (DFM), the contact conflicts can be reduced through redesign. However, even the state of the art DFM redesign solution will be limited by area constraints and will introduce delays to the design flow. In this paper, we propose an optical method for contact conflicts treatment. We study the impact of the split on imaging by comparing inverse lithography technology (ILT), optical proximity correction (OPC) and source mask co-optimization (SMO) techniques. The ability of these methods to solve some split contacts conflicts in double patterning are presented.
A Speech-based Just-in-Time Retrieval System using Semantic Search (2011)

The Automatic Content Linking Device is a just-in-time document retrieval system which monitors an ongoing conversation or a monologue and enriches it with potentially related documents, including multimedia ones, from local repositories or from the Internet. The documents are found using keyword-based search or using a semantic similarity measure between documents and the words obtained from automatic speech recognition. Results are displayed in real time to meeting participants, or to users watching a recorded lecture or conversation. 1
The making of a nutrition professional: the Association for Nutrition register (2012)

The establishment of a professional register to protect the public and to provide a clear identity for nutritionists is a vital step forward.
A Multilevel Medium-Voltage Inverter for Step-Up-Transformer-Less Grid Connection of Photovoltaic Power Plants (2014)

Recently, medium (0.1-5 MW) and large (>5 MW) scale photovoltaic (PV) power plants have attracted great attention, where medium-voltage grid connection (typically 6-36 kV) is essential for efficient power transmission and distribution. A power frequency transformer operated at 50 or 60 Hz is generally used to step up the traditional inverter's low output voltage (usually ≤400 V) to the medium-voltage level. Because of the heavy weight and large size of the power frequency transformer, the PV inverter system can be expensive and complex for installation and maintenance. As an alternative approach to achieve a compact and lightweight direct grid connection, this paper proposes a three-phase medium-voltage PV inverter system. The 11-kV and 33-kV PV inverter systems are designed. A scaled down three-phase 1.2-kV test rig has been constructed to validate the proposed PV inverter. The experimental results are analyzed and discussed, taking into account the switching schemes and filter circuits. The experimental results demonstrate the excellent feature of the proposed PV inverter system.
Unsupervised Acquisition of Desktop Application Taxonomies (2008)

This paper presents a novel approach for automatically extracting taxonomies of desktop applications from descriptive eventlogs, unobtrusively collected from the user's computational environment. By using a linguistically inspired clustering technique on application transitions we are able to generate groups of applications that are similar towards their purpose. Attributing the application category (e.g. office application) to a desktop application in an unsupervised manner without manual user engagement yields advantages in many different application areas such as process-oriented workplace-embedded (e-)learning systems or performance management and evaluation.
融智能、管理于一体——D—Link大型校园网方案 (2004)

大型校园网是指规模很大、建筑众多,甚至有多个校区的校园网,网络覆盖范围通常可达数公里,有时还会超过十公里(存在分校时),可能同时采用多模、单模及远距离干兆光纤设备进行传输.信息点在500个以上的大型重点中学和大学的校园网建设均具有以下需求特点:设有众多的多媒体网络教室,大型的图书馆楼、多个实验楼、教学楼和办公楼,而且学生和教工宿舍也要实现网络覆盖.出于对整个网络的运营管理角度考虑,大型校园网通常采用将三层交换功能的骨干交换机和具有安全功能的宽带接入交换机配套使用,并辅之以网络管理软件对整个网络进行监控和维护.
Photoelectrochemical Properties of Polycrystalline TiO2Thin Film Electrodes on Quartz Substrates (1983)

Thin film electrodes of have been prepared by vapor deposition of Ti on a quartz substrate followed by partial oxidation to leave a thin Ti layer as back‐side contact. The electrodes were characterized for their photoelectrochemical activities both on illumination through the electrolyte and through the substrate (back‐side illumination). The transparent substrate made it possible to record the action spectrum for back‐side illumination down to 250 nm. Simple theory has been used to estimate bandgap, flatband potential, and doping density. Observed bandshifts in the action spectra due to changes in doping density and electrode potential have been shown to be in accordance with theory.
Direct Estimation of Optical Parameters From Photoacoustic Time Series in Quantitative Photoacoustic Tomography (2016)

Estimation of optical absorption and scattering of a target is an inverse problem associated with quantitative photoacoustic tomography. Conventionally, the problem is expressed as two folded. First, images of initial pressure distribution created by absorption of a light pulse are formed based on acoustic boundary measurements. Then, the optical properties are determined based on these photoacoustic images. The optical stage of the inverse problem can thus suffer from, for example, artefacts caused by the acoustic stage. These could be caused by imperfections in the acoustic measurement setting, of which an example is a limited view acoustic measurement geometry. In this work, the forward model of quantitative photoacoustic tomography is treated as a coupled acoustic and optical model and the inverse problem is solved by using a Bayesian approach. Spatial distribution of the optical properties of the imaged target are estimated directly from the photoacoustic time series in varying acoustic detection and optical illumination configurations. It is numerically demonstrated, that estimation of optical properties of the imaged target is feasible in limited view acoustic detection setting.