gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identifying an In-Season Response Index and the Potential to Increase Wheat Yield with Nitrogen (2003)

Current nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of cereal crop production is estimated to be near 33%, indicating that much of the applied fertilizer N is not utilized by the plant and is susceptible to loss from the soil–plant system. Supplying fertilizer N only when a crop response is expected may improve use efficiency and profitability. A response index using harvest data was recently proposed that indicates the actual crop response to additional N within a given year. This response index, RIHarvest, is calculated by dividing the average grain yield of the highest yielding treatment receiving N by the average yield of a check treatment (0 N). Although theoretically useful, RIHarvest does not allow for in-season adjustment of N application. The objective of this work was to determine the relationship between RIHarvest and the response index measured in-season (RINDVI) using the normalized difference vegetative index (NDVI). Research was conducted in 23 existing field experiments in Oklahoma. Each field experiment evaluated crop response to varying levels of preplant N. At Feekes growth stages 5, 9, and 10.5, RIHarvest was accurately predicted using RINDVI (r2 > 0.56). These results indicated that the in-season response index based on sensor readings is a viable method for identifying environments (i.e., fields) where the potential to respond to additional N exists.
Calcium phosphosilicate nanoparticles for imaging and photodynamic therapy of cancer. (2012)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as an alternative modality for cancer treatment. PDT works by initiating damaging oxidation or redox-sensitive pathways to trigger cell death. PDT can also regulate tumor angiogenesis and modulate systemic antitumor immunity. The drawbacks to PDT--photosensitizer toxicity, a lack of selectivity and efficacy of photosensitizers, and a limited penetrance of light through deep tissues--are the same pitfalls associated with diagnostic imaging. Developments in the field of nanotechnology have generated novel platforms for optimizing the advantages while minimizing the disadvantages of PDT. Calcium phosphosilicate nanoparticles (CPSNPs) represent an optimal nano-system for both diagnostic imaging and PDT. In this review, we will discuss how CPSNPs can enhance optical agents and serve as selective, non-toxic, and functionally stable photosensitizers for PDT. We will also examine novel applications of CPSNPs and PDT for the treatment of leukemia to illustrate their potential utility in cancer therapeutics.
Human T cell hybridomas producing lymphokines. I. Establishment and characterization of human T cell hybridomas producing lymphotoxin and migration inhibitory factor. (1982)

Stable human T cell hybridomas were produced by cell fusion between PHA-activated human peripheral blood lymphocytes and human acute lymphatic leukemia cells of a CEM cell line whose proliferation had been inhibited by treatment with an irreversible protein synthesis inhibitor (emetine) and an irreversible RNA synthesis inhibitor (actinomycin D). Two hybrid cell lines (E10, F8) thus produced expressed OKT3-reactive antigen, HLA-A1 and -B8 antigens derived from CEM cells, and HLA-A2 antigen derived from PBL, and they have 10 more chromosomes than CEM cells. Furthermore, these cell lines continuously secreted lymphotoxin over 3 mo. E10 was found to produce MIF in addition to lymphotoxin. Cloning of E10 and the relationship between the functions and surface phenotypes of E10 sublines were examined. Lymphotoxin-producing hybrids (E10-15 and E10-37) express more OKT8-reactive antigen than OKT4-reactive antigen, while lymphotoxin and MIF-producing hybrids (E10-25, E10-42, and E10-43) express more OKT4-reactive antigen than OKT8-reactive antigen.
Bioinspired Iron‐Based Catalyst for Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (2013)

Natürlich vorkommendes Hämin, ein Eisen-koordiniertes Porphyrinmolekül, und seine synthetischen Derivate wurden als Katalysatoren für die radikalische Atomtransferpolymerisation (ATRP; siehe Bild) verwendet. Die Effekte der Halogensalzkonzentration, der angehängten Polyethylenglykol-Einheiten und der hydrierten Häminvinylgruppen auf die katalytische Aktivität wurden untersucht.
Circularly Polarized Planar Aperture Antenna for Millimeter-Wave Applications (2015)

This paper presents a novel differentially driven planar aperture antenna with circularly polarized (CP) radiation. The proposed antenna is simple in structure yet can achieve high gain and wide bandwidth, and is constructed using only a single layer laminate via standard printed-circuit-board (PCB) technology. Circular polarization is realized by a rotationally symmetric windmill-shaped patch-aperture formation with travelling wave distribution. The physical aperture of the antenna is constituted by an opening cavity structure formed by metalized vias, which offers high-gain unidirectional radiation pattern. Measurement results of a prototype operating at 60 GHz band show a 3-dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of 17.9% (56.5-67.5 GHz), which is within its -10-dB impedance bandwidth. Meanwhile, the left-handed CP (LHCP) gain is stable throughout the operating bandwidth with a peak gain of 13.4 dBi. The proposed antenna is a promising candidate for various consumer level millimeter-wave (mmWave) band applications due to its merits of wideband, high gain, simple structure, low cost, and easy integration with differential circuits.
Adult Stem Cell Specification by Wnt Signaling in Muscle Regeneration (2003)

Recently, we describe a biological role for endogenous CD45+ stem cells in maintaining muscle integrity by participating in regeneration. Our experiments further establish that Wnt-signaling is the mechanism by which resident CD45+ adult stem cells are induced to undergo myogenic specification during muscle regeneration. Importantly, our study suggests that targeting the Wnt-pathway represents a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of neuromuscular degenerative diseases.
Exportation and Validation of Latent Constructs for Dementia Case Finding in a Mexican American Population–based Cohort (2016)

It is possible to export δ composites from populations to well-characterized cohorts for validation.
Genotyping performance evaluation of commercially available HIV-1 drug resistance test (2018)

This study confirms that ATCC kit showed greater sensitivity in genotyping plasma samples stored in suboptimal conditions experiencing frequent and prolonged power outage. Thus, it is more sensitive particularly for subtypes A and A/G HIV-1 in resource-limited settings.
Dynamic constrained multipath routing for MPLS networks (2002)

Multipath routing employs multiple parallel paths between a traffic source and destination in order to relax the most heavily congested link in the Internet backbone. A large bandwidth path can be easily set up too. Although multipath routing is useful, the total network resources, i.e. sum of link bandwidths consumed, could be wasted when the acquired path is larger(in terms of number of hops) than the conventional shortest path. In addition, even though we can accommodate more traffic by establishing more paths between the same node pair, it is advised to limit the number of paths for practical reasons such as manageability. This paper presents a heuristic algorithm for hop-count and path count constrained dynamic multipath routing. The objective we adopted in this paper is to minimize the maximum of link utilization. We also obtain the traffic split ratio among the paths, for routers based on traffic partitioning by hashing at the flow level. The extensive simulation results show that the proposed algorithm always minimizes the maximum of link utilization and reduces the number of blocked requests.
Intensely potent anthracycline antibiotic oxaunomycin produced by a blocked mutant of the daunorubicin-producing microorganism. (1986)

A new potent anthracycline antibiotic oxaunomycin was isolated from the culture broth of a blocked mutant derived from a baumycin producer and was identified as 7-O-(alpha-L-daunosaminyl)-beta-rhodomycinone. It exhibited about 100 times more strongly cytotoxic activity against leukemic L1210 cell culture than doxorubicin.
Rational selection of superparamagnetic iron oxide/silica nanoparticles to create nanocomposite inductors (2015)

The detailed structure/composition of superparamagnetic Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/iron orthosilicate/silica core/inner-shell/middle-shell/outer-shell nanoparticles and their performance as inductor device is reported.
Coimmunization with Complementary Glucosyltransferase Peptides Results in Enhanced Immunogenicity and Protection against Dental Caries (2000)

Peptide constructs from the catalytic (CAT) and glucan-binding (GLU) regions of the mutans streptococcal glucosyltransferase enzymes (GTF) can provide immunity to dental caries infection. A strategy of coimmunization was tested to determine whether protection could be enhanced. Rats were immunized with one of the previously described peptide constructs from the CAT or GLU region of the GTF of mutans streptococci or coimmunized with a combination of these constructs (CAT-GLU). Coimmunized animals demonstrated significantly higher serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and salivary IgA antibody levels to CAT or GTF than rats immunized with either construct alone. To assess the functional significance of coimmunization with these constructs, animals were immunized as above or with Streptococcus sobrinus GTF and then infected with S. sobrinus to explore the effects of immunization on immunological, microbiological, and disease (dental caries) parameters. Serum antibody from the communized group inhibited S. sobrinus GTF-mediated insoluble glucan synthesis in vitro above that of the individual-construct-immunized groups. Immunization with CAT or GLU constructs resulted in significantly reduced dental caries after infection with S. sobrinus compared with sham-immunized animals. Coimmunization produced greater reductions in caries than after immunization with either CAT or GLU. Also, significant elevations in lymphocyte proliferative responses to CAT, GLU, and GTF were observed after coimmunization with CAT-GLU compared with the responses after immunization with the individual constructs. The results suggested that increased numbers of memory T cells, which could proliferate to CAT, were generated by coimmunization. The experiments support the functional significance of these GTF domains in dental caries pathogenesis and present coimmunization as a simple alternative to intact GTF to enhance protective immunity against cariogenic microorganisms.
Automatic and rapid antimicrobial susceptibility test on an integrated microfluidic device (2018)

This study presented an integrated microfluidic device which can perform rapid antimicrobial susceptibility tests (AST) of antibiotics combination against clinical bacteria. A new approach to measure either drug interactions of three antibiotics or minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics by performing bacteria dispensation and antibiotics dilution automatically was proposed and it substantially reduced detection time (from 24 hr to 4 hr) and bacteria consumption (from 100 μL to 3 μL) when compared to the broth microdilution method. A new membrane-type micromixer composed of two circular micropumps was integrated in order to achieve on-chip pumping/mixing with high accuracy and efficiency. Experimental results revealed that the proposed device can produce accurate liquid transportation and chaotic mixing and visually interpret AST results including individual MIC determination and drug interactions. Synergistic and antagonistic effects of pairwise and triple interactions among three common antibiotics (vancomycin, gentamicin and ceftazidime) with ten different combinations were demonstrated on one clinical isolate of vancomycin-intermediate staphylococcus aureus. It is the first time that a microfluidic device was demonstrated for drug screening to inhibit bacteria growth with three antibiotics by performing AST automatically. The developed device could be utilized as a robust tool to rapidly explore drug screening for drug cocktail therapy.
A model of stressed liquid crystals: close-packed, shaped liquid crystal droplets inside a sheared polymer matrix (2005)

Stressed liquid crystals (SLCs) have been applied in fields such as optical phase array non-mechanical beam steering applications, adaptive optical tip-tilt correction, and fast displays because SLCs are capable of switching large phase shift in sub-millisecond time ranges. SLCs consist of liquid crystal micro-domains dispersed in a stressed polymer matrix. In this paper, we propose a model of close-packed, shaped liquid crystal droplets inside a sheared polymer matrix based upon the measurements of polarizing microscopy, fluorescence confocal microscopy, and visible-near-infrared spectroscopy. The light scattering of SLC films results mostly from the index mismatch between adjacent liquid crystal domains instead of the index mismatch between polymer matrices and liquid crystals as in traditional polymer dispersed liquid crystals. We show how the light scattering of SLC cells is greatly reduced upon shearing because the liquid crystal domains are aligned along the direction of shearing. The stretching of polymer matrices and the reshaping of liquid crystal domains upon shearing are confirmed by fluorescence confocal microscopy. The calculations of the electro-optic responses are based on the balance between the elastic torque and the electric field torque. Our experimental results support the calculations.
Improved Collisionally Activated Dissociation Efficiency and Mass Resolution on a Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer System (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTImproved Collisionally Activated Dissociation Efficiency and Mass Resolution on a Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer SystemBruce A. Thomson, D. J. Douglas, Jay J. Corr, James W. Hager, and Charles L. JolliffeCite this: Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 10, 1696–1704Publication Date (Print):May 15, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00106a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00106a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views536Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Partial MHC/Neuroantigen Peptide Constructs: A Potential Neuroimmune-Based Treatment for Methamphetamine Addiction (2013)

Relapse rates following current methamphetamine abuse treatments are very high (∼40-60%), and the neuropsychiatric impairments (e.g., cognitive deficits, mood disorders) that arise and persist during remission from methamphetamine addiction likely contribute to these high relapse rates. Pharmacotherapeutic development of medications to treat addiction has focused on neurotransmitter systems with only limited success, and there are no Food and Drug Administration approved pharmacotherapies for methamphetamine addiction. A growing literature shows that methamphetamine alters peripheral and central immune functions and that immune factors such as cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules play a role in the development and persistence of methamphetamine induced neuronal injury and neuropsychiatric impairments. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new immunotherapy, partial MHC/neuroantigen peptide construct (RTL551; pI-A(b)/mMOG-35-55), in treating learning and memory impairments induced by repeated methamphetamine exposure. C57BL/6J mice were exposed to two different methamphetamine treatment regimens (using repeated doses of 4 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg, s.c.). Cognitive performance was assessed using the Morris water maze and CNS cytokine levels were measured by multiplex assay. Immunotherapy with RTL551 improved the memory impairments induced by repeated methamphetamine exposure in both mouse models of chronic methamphetamine addiction. Treatment with RTL551 also attenuated the methamphetamine induced increases in hypothalamic interleukin-2 (IL-2) levels. Collectively, these initial results indicate that neuroimmune targeted therapies, and specifically RTL551, may have potential as treatments for methamphetamine-induced neuropsychiatric impairments.
Curved radiation detector (2008)

As vertex detectors for smaller for smaller inner beam pipe diameters are required, the planar nature of the detector becomes more and more of a problem. We present a curved silicon vertex detector, whose radius of curvature can be adjusted to the beam pipe. The advantage of these curved detectors over conventional planar ones is twofold: The first advantage is that these detectors are curved to a specific curvature and shaped directly for the specific application (e.g. beam pipe radius), and second, the curvature of the backside is independent from the front surface, which allows thinning of the detector using standard semiconductor processing. Both strip detectors and pixel arrays (with Indium bump bonds) have been realized on the curved topography. The key micro-fabrication technique for curved topography, so called “gray-tone lithography”, will be introduced and discussed. We demonstrated low-noise performance by successfully detecting low-energy gamma-rays with a curved strip detector. The energy resolution was ∼ 1.73 keV FWHM at 59.5 keV for the pixel detector. There is excellent charge collection at the curved surface. The general fabrication method could also be applied for curved focal plane arrays to improve optical systems.
Lactobacillus intestinalis YT2 restores the gut microbiota and improves menopausal symptoms in ovariectomized rats (2021)

There are many studies focusing on the alleviation of menopausal symptoms; however, little is known about the role of gut microorganisms in menopausal symptoms. Ovariectomized (OVX) rats were administered a novel strain (YT2) of <i>Lactobacillus intestinalis</i> (a species with significantly reduced abundance in OVX rats) and the potential probiotic effect on the improvement of menopausal symptoms was evaluated. Of note, the gut microbial composition completely shifted after ovariectomy in rats. Treatment with <i>L. intestinalis</i> YT2 significantly alleviated menopausal symptoms, such as increased fat mass, decreased bone mineral density, increased pain sensitivity, depression-like behaviour, and cognitive impairment. Additionally, the administration of <i>L. intestinalis</i> YT2 restored the intestinal microbial composition, including an increased <i>Firmicutes</i>/<i>Bacteroides</i> ratio. <i>L. intestinalis</i> YT2 also promoted gut barrier integrity by increasing the mRNA levels of tight junction-related markers. In conclusion, <i>L. intestinalis</i> YT2 treatment alleviated menopausal symptoms via the modulation of the gut microbiota. Importantly, these results suggest that <i>L. intestinalis</i> YT2 should be considered as a therapeutic probiotic agent for menopausal women.
A novel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) system for measuring regional oxygen saturation (2002)

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) offers a continuous, non-invasive method of measuring biological tissue oxygenation. However, on-line, consistent quantitative measurements of oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin concentrations and tissue oxygen saturation by NIRS have met with challenging problems. We have developed a novel NIRS system that minimizes these problems in monitoring regional tissue oxygen saturation of the brain and skeletal muscle. The results show that our NIRS system measured tissue oxygen saturation levels that were expected in the experiments.
The Manumeter: A non-obtrusive wearable device for monitoring spontaneous use of the wrist and fingers (2013)

This paper describes the design and pilot testing of a novel device for unobtrusive monitoring of wrist and hand movement through a sensorized watch and a magnetic ring system called the manumeter. The device senses the magnetic field of the ring through two triaxial magnetometers and records the data to onboard memory which can be analyzed later by connecting the watch unit to a computer. Wrist and finger joint angles are estimated using a radial basis function network. We compared joint angle estimates collected using the manumeter to direct measurements taken using a passive exoskeleton and found that after a 60 minute trial, 95% of the radial/ulnar deviation, wrist flexion/extension and finger flexion/extension estimates were within 2.4, 5.8, and 4.7 degrees of their actual values respectively. The device measured angular distance traveled for these three joints within 10.4%, 4.5%, and 14.3 % of their actual values. The manumeter has potential to improve monitoring of real world use of the hand after stroke and in other applications.
DASD dancing (1995)

For a video-on-demand computer system we propose a scheme which balances the load on the disks, thereby helping to solve a performance problem crucial to achieving maximal video throughput. Our load balancing scheme consists of two stages. The static stage determines good assignments of videos to groups of striped disks. The dynamic phase uses these assignments, and features a DASD dancing algorithm which performs real-time disk scheduling in an effective manner. Our scheme works synergistically with disk striping. We examine the performance of the DASD dancing algorithm via simulation experiments.
Data from Metabolic Adaptations to MEK and CDK4/6 Cotargeting in Uveal Melanoma (2023)

<div>Abstract<p>Frequent <i>GNAQ</i> and <i>GNA11</i> mutations in uveal melanoma hyperactivate the MEK–ERK signaling pathway, leading to aberrant regulation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) and cell-cycle progression. MEK inhibitors (MEKi) alone show poor efficacy in uveal melanoma, raising the question of whether downstream targets can be vertically inhibited to provide long-term benefit. CDK4/6 selective inhibitors are FDA-approved in patients with estrogen receptor (ER)–positive breast cancer in combination with ER antagonists/aromatase inhibitors. We determined the effects of MEKi plus CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) in uveal melanoma. <i>In vitro</i>, palbociclib, a CDK4/6i, enhanced the effects of MEKi via downregulation of cell-cycle proteins. In contrast, <i>in vivo</i> CDK4/6 inhibition alone led to cytostasis and was as effective as MEKi plus CDK4/6i treatment at delaying tumor growth. RNA sequencing revealed upregulation of the oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) pathway in both MEKi-resistant tumors and CDK4/6i-tolerant tumors. Furthermore, oxygen consumption rate was increased following MEKi + CDK4/6i treatment. IACS-010759, an OxPhos inhibitor, decreased uveal melanoma cell survival in combination with MEKi + CDK4/6i. These data highlight adaptive upregulation of OxPhos in response to MEKi + CDK4/6i treatment in uveal melanoma and suggest that suppression of this metabolic state may improve the efficacy of MEKi plus CDK4/6i combinations.</p></div>