gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extended RTP Profile for Real-time Transport Control Protocol (RTCP)-Based Feedback: Results of the Timing Rule Simulations (2006)

This document describes the results achieved when simulating the timing rules of the Extended RTP Profile for Real-time Transport Control Protocol (RTCP)-Based Feedback, denoted AVPF. Unicast and multicast topologies are considered as well as several protocol and environment configurations. The results show that the timing rules result in better performance regarding feedback delay and still preserve the well-accepted RTP rules regarding allowed bit rates for control traffic.
Biomimetic Tactile SensorforControl ofGrip (2007)

We aredeveloping anovel, robust tactile sensor arraythatmimics thehumanfingertip anditsdistributed setof touchreceptors. Themechanical components aresimilar toa fingertip, witharigid coresurrounded byaweaklyconductive fluidcontained withinan elastomeric skin.Itusesthe deformable properties ofthefinger pad as partofthe transduction process. Multiple electrodes aremountedonthe surface oftherigid coreandconnected toimpedance measuring circuitry within thecore. External forces deformthefluid path aroundtheelectrodes, resulting ina distributed pattern of impedance changes containing information aboutthoseforces andtheobjects thatapplied them.Herewereport preliminary results withprototypes ofthesensor, andwepropose strategies forextracting features related tothemechanical inputs andusing this information forreflexive grip control. IndexTerms-Biomimetic, electrode impedance, pressure sensor, tactile sensor
MultiSoft (2018)

We introduce MultiSoft, a multilayer soft sensor capable of sensing real-time contact localization, classification of deformation types, and estimation of deformation magnitudes. We propose a multimodal sensing pipeline that carries out both inverse problem solving and machine learning tasks. Specifically, we employ an electrical impedance tomography (EIT) for contact localization and a support vector machine (SVM) for classifying deformations and regressing their magnitudes. We propose a deformation-aware system which enables maintaining a persistent single-point contact localization throughout the deformation. By updating a time-varying distribution of conductivity change caused by deformations, a single-point contact localization can be maintained and restored to support interaction using both contact localization and deformations.We devise a multilayer structure to fabricate a highly stretchable and flexible soft sensor with a short sensor settlement after excitations. Through a series of experiments and evaluations, we validate both raw sensor and multimodal sensing performance with the proposed method. We further demonstrate applicability and feasibility of MultiSoft with example applications.
Accelerating Super-Resolution for 4K upscaling (2015)

This paper presents a fast Super-Resolution (SR) algorithm based on a selective patch processing. Motivated by the observation that some regions of images are smooth and unfocused and can be properly upscaled with fast interpolation methods, we locally estimate the probability of performing a degradation-free upscaling. Our proposed framework explores the usage of supervised machine learning techniques and tackles the problem using binary boosted tree classifiers. The applied upscaler is chosen based on the obtained probabilities: (1) A fast upscaler (e.g. bicubic interpolation) for those regions which are smooth or (2) a linear regression SR algorithm for those which are ill-posed. The proposed strategy accelerates SR by only processing the regions which benefit from it, thus not compromising quality. Furthermore all the algorithms composing the pipeline are naturally parallelizable and further speed-ups could be obtained.
Graft, Block−Graft and Star-Shaped Copolymers by an in Situ Coupling Reaction (1998)

A tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution of the living poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (poly(GMA)) was prepared by the living anionic polymerization of GMA, using 1,1-diphenylhexyllithium (DPHL) as initiator, in the presence of LiCl ([LiCl]/[DPHL]0 = 3), at -45 degreesC. Upon introduction of a benzene solution of living polystyrene (poly(St)) into the above system at -30 degreesC, a very rapid coupling reaction between the epoxy groups of the living poly(GMA) and the propagating sites of the living poly(St) generated a graft copolymer containing a polar backbone and nonpolar side chains. When benzene solutions of living poly(St) and polyisoprene were sequentially transferred to the THF solution of living poly(GMA), a graft copolymer possessing two different nonpolar side chains was obtained. Further, a THF solution of the living block copolymer of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and GMA was prepared by the sequential anionic polymerization of the two monomers, at low temperatures. A block-graft copolymer having a poly(MMA-b-GMA) block backbone and poly(St) side chains was synthesized by reacting the living poly(St) with the epoxy groups of the above living block copolymer. In addition, when the poly(GMA) segment in poly(MMA-b-GMA) was short, a star-shaped copolymer containing a poly(MMA) arm and several poly(St) arms was obtained. GPC and 1H NMR measurements indicated that all the above copolymers possess high purity, designed molecular architectures, controlled molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distributions (Mw/Mn = 1.10-1.23).
Preventing intraoperative complications: a new monitoring device for intraoperative EEG recordings (1994)

Alterations of the cerebral function caused by anesthetics or due to potentially harmful situations are reflected in the electroencephalogram (EEG). Nevertheless, the EEG has not become a routine monitoring device so far because of the complicated and time-consuming recording procedure. Furthermore, interpretation of the EEG requires special knowledge. In order to facilitate the use of the EEG in the theatre and the intensive care unit a new monitoring device the Narkograph, was developed. To our knowledge, the Narkograph is the first monitor for day-to-day use which performs an automatic classification of drug-induced changes of the EEG in real-time. Staging into different levels of anesthesia is performed according to proposals made by Kugler (1981). By means of several case reports the use of the Narkograph and the benefits of routinely conducted EEG monitoring are presented. As, due to the on-line interpretation of EEG data, information on the current functional status of the brain can easily be obtained, the Narkograph is considered an essential contribution to the patients' security.
Mutation analysis of the CACNA1A calcium channel subunit gene in 27 patients with sporadic hemiplegic migraine. (2003)

Arch Neurol . 2002 Jun;59(6):1016‐1018 Background: Familial hemiplegic migraine is a rare autosomal dominant subtype of migraine with aura that in half of the families is caused by mutations in the CACNA1A gene on chromosome 19p13. In sporadic hemiplegic migraine (SHM), that is, hemiplegic migraine without affected family members, the contribution of the CACNA1A gene is unknown. Objective: To investigate the involvement of the CACNA1A calcium channel subunit gene in SHM. Methods: We screened 27 patients with SHM for mutations in the CACNA1A gene by a combination of single‐strand conformational polymorphism analysis and sequence analysis. Results: One patient with SHM also had ataxia, nystagmus, and cerebellar atrophy on computed tomography and carried a T666M mutation. Another patient with SHM who had no cerebellar signs carried an R583Q mutation. No mutations or interictal neurological abnormalities were found in the remaining 25 patients with SHM. Conclusions: Most patients with SHM do not have a CACNA1A mutation. The results of this study, combined with the findings reported in the literature, show that the presence of cerebellar symptoms in addition to the hemiplegic attacks increases the chance of finding a CACNA1A mutation. In addition, to our knowledge, we have found a first patient with SHM without cerebellar signs with a mutation. Comment: The story on calcium channelopathies and neurologic disorders becomes ever more complex, as multiple neurologic disorders appear linked to varying forms of calcium‐channel mutations. Professor Ferrari has described links to cerebellar disorders, to a peculiar and severe response to head trauma, and to epilepsy, as well as to familial hemiplegic migraine. Now his group finds that the most frequently found calcium channelopathy mutations are not found in most patients with spontaneous hemiplegic migraine. Does this just mean that other mutations, not yet described, cause a common phenotypic expression? Or are there multiple causes for the hemiplegic migraine syndrome, and not all of them due to calcium channelopathies? SJT
A Systematic Study on the Impact of Surfactant Chain Length on Dynamic Interfacial Properties in Porous Media: Implications for Enhanced Oil Recovery (2017)

We propose a new systematic procedure to investigate the effect of hydrophobic and hydrophilic chain lengths of polyoxyethylenated (POE) nonionic surfactants on dynamic interfacial properties in porous media. We study the impact of nonionic surfactant structure on oil recovery through comprehensive experimental measurements of phase behavior, cloud point, dynamic interfacial tension, dynamic contact angle, and spontaneous and forced imbibitions at ambient and reservoir conditions. We identify a surfactant structure that increased the oil production by 22% and 6% compared to tap water and a nonionic surfactant commercially deployed in a major unconventional oil reservoir, respectively. In this work, we observe that factors such as minimum interfacial tension used for surfactant selection are not the only parameters influencing displacements at the pore scale. The results of this study reveal that when a surfactant solution imbibes into the pore space as an invading phase, the surfactant ability to lower the IFT and reach equilibrium faster plays an important role in the local trapping of oil phase on a pore-by-pore basis. We propose a mechanism relating this surfactant behavior to oil–brine displacement and confirm our results by visual observation of in situ pore fluid occupancies after surfactant imbibition in micromodels and naturally occurring porous media.
The effect of in-plane uniaxial strain on polarization switching in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (2002)

Summary form only given. Because of their cylindrical symmetry and surface emission, the material gain and waveguiding anisotropies in VCSELs are small. As a result, polarisation switching (PS) between two orthogonal linearly polarised states is often observed. We study experimentally the effect of in-plane uniaxial strain, resulting from an external stress applied to the VCSEL package.
Recent Advances in Zika Virus Vaccines (2018)

The recent outbreaks of Zika virus (ZIKV) infections and associated microcephaly in newborns has resulted in an unprecedented effort by researchers to target this virus. Significant advances have been made in developing vaccine candidates, treatment strategies and diagnostic assays in a relatively short period of time. Being a preventable disease, the first line of defense against ZIKV would be to vaccinate the highly susceptible target population, especially pregnant women. Along those lines, several vaccine candidates including purified inactivated virus (PIV), live attenuated virus (LAV), virus like particles (VLP), DNA, modified RNA, viral vectors and subunit vaccines have been in the pipeline with several advancing to clinical trials. As the primary objective of Zika vaccination is the prevention of vertical transmission of the virus to the unborn fetus, the safety and efficacy requirements for this vaccine remain unique when compared to other diseases. This review will discuss these recent advances in the field of Zika vaccine development.
Omni-resonant optical micro-cavity (2017)

Optical cavities transmit light only at discrete resonant frequencies, which are well-separated in micro-structures. Despite attempts at the construction of planar 'white-light cavities', the benefits accrued upon optically interacting with a cavity - such as resonant field buildup - have remained confined to narrow linewidths. Here, we demonstrate achromatic optical transmission through a planar Fabry-Pérot micro-cavity via angularly multiplexed phase-matching that exploits a bio-inspired grating configuration. By correlating each wavelength with an appropriate angle of incidence, a continuous spectrum resonates and the micro-cavity is rendered transparent. The locus of a single-order 0.7-nm-wide resonance is de-slanted in spectral-angular space to become a 60-nm-wide achromatic resonance spanning multiple cavity free-spectral-ranges. The result is an 'omni-resonant' planar micro-cavity in which light resonates continuously over a broad spectral span. This approach severs the link between the resonance bandwidth and the cavity-photon lifetime, thereby promising resonant enhancement of linear and nonlinear optical effects over broad bandwidths in ultrathin devices.
Relationship between Crystalline Lens Thickness and Shape and the Identification of Anterior Ocular Segment Parameters for Predicting the Intraocular Lens Position after Cataract Surgery (2019)

The ESD and PSD obtained using AS-OCT were highly correlated with the IOL position and significantly correlated with the refractive prediction error. These findings suggest that the ESD and PSD may enhance the accuracy of actual IOL position prediction.
ChemInform Abstract: A Thermal Dehydrogenative Diels—Alder Reaction of Styrenes for the Concise Synthesis of Functionalized Naphthalenes. (2012)

Abstract Under microwave irradiation, a range of alkenynylbenzenes undergo an intramolecular cyclization reaction to give cyclopenta‐fused naphthalenes.
A thermoacoustic-Stirling heat engine: Detailed study (2000)

A new type of thermoacoustic engine based on traveling waves and ideally reversible heat transfer is described. Measurements and analysis of its performance are presented. This new engine outperforms previous thermoacoustic engines, which are based on standing waves and intrinsically irreversible heat transfer, by more than 50%. At its most efficient operating point, it delivers 710 W of acoustic power to its resonator with a thermal efficiency of 0.30, corresponding to 41% of the Carnot efficiency. At its most powerful operating point, it delivers 890 W to its resonator with a thermal efficiency of 0.22. The efficiency of this engine can be degraded by two types of acoustic streaming. These are suppressed by appropriate tapering of crucial surfaces in the engine and by using additional nonlinearity to induce an opposing time-averaged pressure difference. Data are presented which show the nearly complete elimination of the streaming convective heat loads. Analysis of these and other irreversibilities show which components of the engine require further research to achieve higher efficiency. Additionally, these data show that the dynamics and acoustic power flows are well understood, but the details of the streaming suppression and associated heat convection are only qualitatively understood.
Monoclonal antibodies that distinguish non-small cell from small cell lung cancer. (1983)

Two murine IgG2Ak monoclonal antibodies (703D4, 704A 1) were produced and characterized after immunization with a human large cell lung cancer line (NCI-H 157). These antibodies detect different epitopes on 31 kilodalton [35S]methionine incorporating protein(s). Radiobinding and immunohistochemical studies show these antibodies bind to most (11/13) human non-small cell lung cancer (adenocarcinoma, epidermoid, and large cell), but not to small cell lung cancer (0/11) tumors tested. The epitopes these antibodies recognized are also expressed on human melanomas (7/8), two other tumors (osteogenic sarcoma, renal cell carcinoma), but not on many other human tumors (breast, colon, neuroblastoma, lymphoid), and not on a panel of normal adult human tissues. Because the antigen(s) are preserved after fixation and because of their ability to distinguish lung cancer types from each other and normal tissues, they should be of clinical, as well as of biologic interest.
Development of sensors to monitor stroke patients (1996)

In the United States, approximately 550,000 new cases of stroke are reported annually, resulting in 150,000 deaths and leaving 300,000 survivors disabled. Thromboembolic strokes account for an estimated 300,000-400,000 of the 550,000 reported new cases of stroke each year. These thromboembolic strokes may be treatable by thrombolytic therapy which involves injecting a thrombolytic agent directly into the thrombus. As the clot dissolves, it breaks into fragments. One particular diagnostic fragment is the D dimer fragment which has antigenic properties. At LLNL, the authors are developing various catheter-based microtools to treat stroke. As part of the package, fiber optic pH sensors and D dimer biosensors are being developed for novel applications, in that they will be coaxially threaded through a catheter to the damaged area of the brain. The pH sensor would allow local measurements of tissue viability, providing an assessment on the patient`s status and indicating the optimal treatment plan. The D dimer biosensor would allow local measurements of the products of thrombolysis, i.e., D dimer, assisting in the identification of clot type and providing feedback on the dosage and infusion rate of the thrombocytic agent.
Physical and Processing Properties of Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Copolymers (2002)

Abstract Introduction Experimental Chemical Synthesis Biological Production Molecular Weight Determination NMR Thermal Analysis X‐ray Analysis Crystallization Kinetics Mechanical Analysis Rheological Measurements Properties Breaking Down Isodimorphism Increasing Flexibility, Ductility Crystallization Rate Melt Properties Melt Stability Deformation Properties and Morphology Conclusions Acknowledgements
ChemInform Abstract: PYRAZOLO(3,4‐D)PYRIMIDINE RIBONUCLEOSIDES AS ANTICOCCIDIALS. 2. SYNTHESIS AND D ACTIVITY OF SOME NUCLEOSIDES OF 4‐(ALKYLAMINO)‐1H‐PYRAZOLO(3,4‐D)PYRIMIDINES (1983)

Abstract Durch Enzym‐katalysierte Reaktionen erhält man aus (I) die Verbindungen (II), die mit den Pyrazolopyrimidinen (III) die Ribonucleoside (IV) ergeben.
Semi-automatic schema integration in Clio (2007)

Schema integration is the problem of finding a unified representation, called the integrated schema, from a set of source schemas that are related to each other. The relationships between the source schemas can be represented via correspondences between schema
MARS: Memory Aware Reordered Source (2018)

Memory bandwidth is critical in today's high performance computing systems. The bandwidth is particularly paramount for GPU workloads such as 3D Gaming, Imaging and Perceptual Computing, GPGPU due to their data-intensive nature. As the number of threads and data streams in the GPUs increases with each generation, along with a high available memory bandwidth, memory efficiency is also crucial in order to achieve desired performance. In presence of multiple concurrent data streams, the inherent locality in a single data stream is often lost as these streams are interleaved while moving through multiple levels of memory system. In DRAM based main memory, the poor request locality reduces row-buffer reuse resulting in underutilized and inefficient memory bandwidth. In this paper we propose Memory-Aware Reordered Source (\textit{MARS}) architecture to address memory inefficiency arising from highly interleaved data streams. The key idea of \textit{MARS} is that with a sufficiently large lookahead before the main memory, data streams can be reordered based on their row-buffer address to regain the lost locality and improve memory efficiency. We show that \textit{MARS} improves achieved memory bandwidth by 11\% for a set of synthetic microbenchmarks. Moreover, MARS does so without any specific knowledge of the memory configuration.
Benchmarking Quality-Dependent and Cost-Sensitive Score-Level Multimodal Biometric Fusion Algorithms (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Automatically verifying the identity of a person by means of biometrics (e.g., face and fingerprint) is an important application in our day-to-day activities such as accessing banking services and security control in airports. To increase the system reliability, several biometric devices are often used. Such a combined system is known as a multimodal biometric system. This paper reports a benchmarking study carried out within the framework of the BioSecure DS2 (Access Control) evaluation campaign organized by the University of Surrey, involving face, fingerprint, and iris biometrics for person authentication, targeting the application of physical access control in a medium-size establishment with some 500 persons. While multimodal biometrics is a well-investigated subject in the literature, there exists no benchmark for a fusion algorithm comparison. Working towards this goal, we designed two sets of experiments: quality-dependent and cost-sensitive evaluation. The quality-dependent evaluation aims at assessing how well fusion algorithms can perform under changing quality of raw biometric images principally due to change of devices. The cost-sensitive evaluation, on the other hand, investigates how well a fusion algorithm can perform given restricted computation and in the presence of software and hardware failures, resulting in errors such as failure-to-acquire and failure-to-match. Since multiple capturing devices are available, a fusion algorithm should be able to handle this nonideal but nevertheless realistic scenario. In both evaluations, each fusion algorithm is provided with scores from each biometric comparison subsystem as well as the quality measures of both the template and the query data. The response to the call of the evaluation campaign proved very encouraging, with the submission of 22 fusion systems. To the best of our knowledge, this campaign is the first attempt to benchmark quality-based multimodal fusion algorithms. In the presence of changing image quality which may be due to a change of acquisition devices and/or device capturing configurations, we observe that the top performing fusion algorithms are those that exploit automatically derived quality measurements. Our evaluation also suggests that while using all the available biometric sensors can definitely increase the fusion performance, this comes at the expense of increased cost in terms of acquisition time, computation time, the physical cost of hardware, and its maintenance cost. As demonstrated in our experiments, a promising solution which minimizes the composite cost is sequential fusion, where a fusion algorithm sequentially uses match scores until a desired confidence is reached, or until all the match scores are exhausted, before outputting the final combined score. </para>
Advances toward practical all-optical fiber switches (1995)

All-optical switches have been extensively studied for their potential applications in communication and optical computing. These devices usually consist of a waveguide interferometer with a pump applied to one of its arms to modify its refractive index through a third-order nonlinearity, causing switching of a signal (wavelength λs) at the interferometer output. Using a fiber as the waveguide guarantees low loss and a stable fused junction to trunk fibers and other components.
Spatially coherent, phase matched, high-order harmonic EUV beams at 50 kHz (2009)

By focusing a high repetition rate (50 kHz), compact, femtosecond laser system with low pulse energy (25 muJ) using a tight-focusing geometry, we demonstrate fully phase matched high-order harmonic generation for the first time at very high repetition rates, resulting in EUV light with full spatial coherence. The result is a practical, single-box, coherent source useful for applications in metrology, ultrafast spectroscopy, imaging and microscopy. The soft x-ray flux can be improved further by increasing the laser pulse energy and/or repetition rate.