gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Robust Adaptive Control of Feedback Linearizable MIMO Nonlinear Systems With Prescribed Performance (2008)

A novel robust adaptive controller for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) feedback linearizable nonlinear systems possessing unknown nonlinearities, capable of guaranteeing a prescribed performance, is developed in this paper. By prescribed performance we mean that the tracking error should converge to an arbitrarily small residual set, with convergence rate no less than a prespecified value, exhibiting a maximum overshoot less than a sufficiently small prespecified constant. Visualizing the prescribed performance characteristics as tracking error constraints, the key idea is to transform the ldquoconstrainedrdquo system into an equivalent ldquounconstrainedrdquo one, via an appropriately defined output error transformation. It is shown that stabilization of the ldquounconstrainedrdquo system is sufficient to solve the stated problem. Besides guaranteeing a uniform ultimate boundedness property for the transformed output error and the uniform boundedness for all other signals in the closed loop, the proposed robust adaptive controller is smooth with easily selected parameter values and successfully bypasses the loss of controllability issue. Simulation results on a two-link robot, clarify and verify the approach.
DNA-Barcoded pMHC Tetramers for Detection of Single Antigen-Specific T Cells by Digital PCR (2019)

Antigen-specific T cells are found at low frequencies in circulation but carry important diagnostic information as liquid biomarkers in numerous biomedical settings, such as monitoring the efficacy of vaccines and cancer immunotherapies. To enable detection of antigen-specific T cells with high sensitivity, we develop peptide-MHC (pMHC) tetramers labeled with DNA barcodes to detect single T cells by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). We show that site-specific conjugation of DNA via photocleavable linkers allows barcoded tetramers to stain T cells with similar avidity compared to conventional fluorescent tetramers and efficient recovery of barcodes by light with no loss in cell viability. We design an orthogonal panel of DNA-barcoded tetramers to simultaneously detect multiple antigen-specific T cell populations, including from a mouse model of viral infection, and discriminate single cancer-specific T cells with high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. This approach of DNA-barcoding can be broadened to encompass additional rare cells for monitoring immunological health at the single cell level.
Glucagon and Amino Acids Are Linked in a Mutual Feedback Cycle: The Liver–α-Cell Axis (2017)

Glucagon is usually viewed as an important counterregulatory hormone in glucose metabolism, with actions opposing those of insulin. Evidence exists that shows glucagon is important for minute-to-minute regulation of postprandial hepatic glucose production, although conditions of glucagon excess or deficiency do not cause changes compatible with this view. In patients with glucagon-producing tumors (glucagonomas), the most conspicuous signs are skin lesions (necrolytic migratory erythema), while in subjects with inactivating mutations of the glucagon receptor, pancreatic swelling may be the first sign; neither condition is necessarily associated with disturbed glucose metabolism. In glucagonoma patients, amino acid turnover and ureagenesis are greatly accelerated, and low plasma amino acid levels are probably at least partly responsible for the necrolytic migratory erythema, which resolves after amino acid administration. In patients with receptor mutations (and in knockout mice), pancreatic swelling is due to α-cell hyperplasia with gross hypersecretion of glucagon, which according to recent groundbreaking research may result from elevated amino acid levels. Additionally, solid evidence indicates that ureagenesis, and thereby amino acid levels, is critically controlled by glucagon. Together, this constitutes a complete endocrine system; feedback regulation involving amino acids regulates α-cell function and secretion, while glucagon, in turn, regulates amino acid turnover.
Epidemiology of endometriosis-associated infertility. (1989)

To explain the great discrepancy between the prevalence estimates for endometriosis in the literature, a series of operations was studied from a combined patient population derived from a 21-physician collaborative. The reported discrepancy appears to have to do more with operative indications and technique than with an actual increase in the prevalence of endometriosis over time. The least-biased estimate for the overall prevalence of endometriosis in reproductive-age women is about 10% on the basis of a study of women operated on for symptoms other than those associated with endometriosis. Accepted criteria for causality applied to the endometriosis literature failed to demonstrate an association between endometriosis and infertility.
NEO100 enables brain delivery of blood‒brain barrier impermeable therapeutics (2020)

We envision that this procedure can be translated to patients in the form of transfemoral arterial catheterization and cannulation to the cerebral arteries, which represents a low-risk procedure commonly used in a variety of clinical settings. Combined with NEO100, it is expected to provide a safe, widely available approach to enhance brain entry of any therapeutic.
Software Side Channel Attack on Memory Deduplication (2011)

Memory deduplication merges same-content memory pages and reduces the consumption of physical memory. It is effective on environments that run many virtual machines with the same operating system. However, memory
Control of SRF binding to CArG box chromatin regulates smooth muscle gene expression in vivo (2005)

Precise control of SMC transcription plays a major role in vascular development and pathophysiology. Serum response factor (SRF) controls SMC gene transcription via binding to CArG box DNA sequences found within genes that exhibit SMC-restricted expression. However, the mechanisms that regulate SRF association with CArG box DNA within native chromatin of these genes are unknown. Here we report that SMC-restricted binding of SRF to murine SMC gene CArG box chromatin is associated with patterns of posttranslational histone modifications within this chromatin that are specific to the SMC lineage in culture and in vivo, including methylation and acetylation to histone H3 and H4 residues. We found that the promyogenic SRF coactivator myocardin increased SRF association with methylated histones and CArG box chromatin during activation of SMC gene expression. In contrast, the myogenic repressor Kruppel-like factor 4 recruited histone H4 deacetylase activity to SMC genes and blocked SRF association with methylated histones and CArG box chromatin during repression of SMC gene expression. Finally, we observed deacetylation of histone H4 coupled with loss of SRF binding during suppression of SMC differentiation in response to vascular injury. Taken together, these findings provide novel evidence that SMC-selective epigenetic control of SRF binding to chromatin plays a key role in regulation of SMC gene expression in response to pathophysiological stimuli in vivo.
Co-segmentation of Textured 3D Shapes with Sparse Annotations (2014)

We present a novel co-segmentation method for textured 3D shapes. Our algorithm takes a collection of textured shapes belonging to the same category and sparse annotations of foreground segments, and produces a joint dense segmentation of the shapes in the collection. We model the segments by a collectively trained Gaussian mixture model. The final model segmentation is formulated as an energy minimization across all models jointly, where intra-model edges control the smoothness and separation of model segments, and inter-model edges impart global consistency. We show promising results on two large real-world datasets, and also compare with previous shape-only 3D segmentation methods using publicly available datasets.
The crystal structure of the molecular cocrystal <i>L</i>-malic acid <i>L</i>-tartaric acid (1/1) (1996)

Abstract The synthesis and X-ray single crystal structure determination of the molecular cocrystal L-malic acid L-tartaric acid (1/1) 1, the first example of a dimeric cocrystal incorporating two aliphatic car-boxylic acids, are reported. [C4H6O5][C4H6O6], triclinic, P1, a = 4.835(1), b = 6.488(1), c = 9.227(1) Å, α = 73.83(1), β = 88.32(1), γ = 77.32°, V = 271.06(8) Å3, Z = 1, D calc = 1.741 Mg m−3, T = 123(2) K, μ(Mo-Kα) = 0.169 mm−1. A total of 1238 reflections were measured and 1181 unique reflections were used in the refinement. The final parameters for observed data were R = 0.030, R 2 w = 0.085 and R = 0.033, R 2 w = 0.134 for all data. The competition between complimentary hydrogen-bond sites of the two acids, which results in the unexpected heteromeric complex, is discussed, and the observed packing arrangements, and the structural consequences arising from the presence of the extended hydrogen-bond networks, are examined in detail.
Design of a multicast ATM packet switch (2002)

Multicast and broadcast services such as teleconferencing, entertainment video, LAN bridging, and distributed data processing are highly desirable in a future B-ISDN. These services require ATM switches to handle bursty traffic with multicast connections. This paper evaluates the performance of a nonblocking multicast packet switch architecture utilizing shared-memory buffers. The copy network consists of three nonblocking networks aid two shared-memory buffers which preserve cell sequencing. An overflow controller is proposed that controls overflow of cells in the copy network and allows partial cell expansion. This switch architecture has a parallel operation and fully distributed control, and thereby scales well to large size switches.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Temperature and Photoperiod Effects on Sterility in a Cytoplasmic Male‐Sterile Soybean (2001)

Manual cross‐pollination to produce large quantities of hybrid soybean seed is difficult and time consuming. An environmentally stable sterility system is one of the necessary components to produce large quantities of hybrid seed. The objective of this study was to subject cytoplasmic male‐sterile (CMS) BC5F1 plants, from a cross of a Chinese Glycine max wild‐type soybean with a Chinese wild annual soybean G. soja (male parent) and controls, to a variety of different temperature and photoperiod treatments to test whether CMS is stable under various environmental conditions. Plants were grown in growth chambers under controlled temperature, photoperiod, and irradiance regimes until pod set, and then they were transferred to a glasshouse until they matured. Plants were evaluated for time of anthesis after photoperiod induction (13 h light/11 h dark) and fertility or sterility. Anther squash and pod set data showed that sterility of the CMS line was stable under all environmental conditions tested, whereas fertility‐restored control plants remained fertile. Extreme environmental conditions led to delayed floral induction and/or stunted growth.
5-Methyl-1-(3-pyridylcarbamoyl)-1,2,3,5-tetrahydropyrrolo[2,3-f]indole: A Novel 5-HT2C/5-HT2B Receptor Antagonist with Improved Affinity, Selectivity, and Oral Activity (1995)

The preparation of a series of conformationally restricted analogues of indolylurea 1, namely tetrahydropyrroloindoles and tetrahydropyrroloquinolines, is described. The binding affinities of these compounds at 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B, and 5-HT2C receptors were determined. Of these compounds, the 1,2,3,5-tetrahydropyrrolo[2,3-f]indole derivative, compound 11, was found to have high affinity for the 5-HT2C (pKI 8.0) and 5-HT2B receptors (pA2 8.5), with excellent selectivity over the 5-HT2A and various other receptors (pKI < 6). 11 is also considerably more active than 1 in both an in vitro functional model, 5-HT-stimulated phosphoinositol hydrolysis (pKB 8.8), and an in vivo functional model, mCPP-induced hypolocomotion (ID50 5.5 mg/kg po). 11 should therefore be of significant utility as a pharmacological tool to delineate the functional significance of blockade of 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C receptors.
In Vitro Assessment of Sunscreen Photostability: The Effect of Radiation Source, Sunscreen Application Thickness and Substrate (1999)

The photostabilities of four sunscreen products have been assessed in vitro by applying sunscreen to a substrate and measuring the spectral transmission prior to, and after exposure to a source of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Results were independent of whether an application thickness of 1 or 2 mg/cm ; 2 was used, and whether the UV source was natural sunlight or a xenon arc solar-simulator. There were significant differences, however, between results obtained on a roughened quartz substrate and those obtained on excised human epidermis. It is unlikely that any substrate will give an exact representation of the in vivo situation and, indeed, both quartz and excised human epidermis have disadvantages associated with their use. However, the ranking of the four products in terms of their photostability was the same for both substrates. This implies that transmission spectroscopy, with either a quartz or a human epidermis substrate, can be used successfully to compare the photostabilities of different sunscreen products.
A Phase-Change Via-Reconfigurable CMOS $LC$ VCO (2013)

This paper demonstrates the efficacy of phase-change (PC) vias in reconfiguring RF front-end circuits for multiband/multi-standard operation. Constructed using two series-connected (SC) GeTe vias, a PC switch can be reversibly transformed between a high ROFF state and a low RON state within 1 μs. Using such PC switches to switch the inductor in a resonator, two LC voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) based on: 1) a SC and 2) a coupling-controlled (CC) resonator are developed. Designed and fabricated in 0.13- μm CMOS in conjunction with an in-house GeTe process, the VCOs can switch their operating frequency over widely separated bands. Wide tuning ranges of 2.89-4.23/(4.93-7.79) and 4.80-8.53/(5.28-10.20) GHz were achieved in the off/on state for the SC/(CC) VCOs. The measured phase noise over the entire tuning range was lower than -103.4 and -102.7 dBc/Hz, at a 1-MHz offset frequency, respectively.
On the Preparation of ZnO Single Crystals (1981)

Abstract ZnO single crystals were prepared by means of two methods:i slow cooling of ZnO/PbF 2 (PbO) high temperature solution, (ii) flux reaction technique, hydrolysis of ZnF 2 in PbF 2 as a solvent. At cooling rate ≥ 0.9 K/h the known plates, hexagonal prisms, and hollow crystals were obtained. At the cooling rate 0.6 K/h compact crystals have grown. This habit was also formed with the flux reaction technique. An estimation of the deposition rates of both methods has shown approximative agreement between the cooling runs with 0.6 K/h and the flux reaction technique under the chosen conditions. The deposition rate appears to be a relevant parameter for forming compact ZnO crystals in these systems.
cVM: Containerized Virtual Machine (2020)

Virtual machines (VM) and containers are virtualization technologies that partition computing resources and isolate workloads. They are the foundations for resource consolidation which leads to the success of cloud computing. VMs perform partitioning and isolation at the machine device level while containers do so at the operation system level. The pros and cons of VMs and containers are generally well understood. VMs provide better isolation and security while containers are less resource intensive and perform better. There are various attempts to address the shortcomings in both communities to narrow the gap between the two. In this paper, we review these efforts and discuss their strengths and weaknesses. We also present the cVM architecture with ideas to explore ways of reducing VM resource demand and improving VM performance towards being comparable to those of containers. cVMs bootstrap from a “disk template” where Linux Logical Volume Manager snapshot is used to allow cVMs to share read-only files and directories, thus reducing their disk footprint. Similarly, “memory template” allows cVMs to share read-only code and data memory pages, thus reducing their memory footprint. Finally, cVMs leverage device hotplug capability and lightweight Linux distributions to reduce bootup time without sacrificing too much generality. And cVMs also take advantage of device virtualization and utilize device passthrough to achieve near native I/O performance.
Microstructure, Compressive Strength and Sound Insulation Property of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymeric Foams with Silica Fume as Foaming Agent (2020)

Geopolymer as an alternative to cement has gained increasing attention. The aim of this article is to study the influence of the silica fume content and activator type on the porous fly ash-based geopolymer with silica fume as foaming agent. Geopolymeric foams were fabricated using low-calcium fly ash, silica fume, and sodium-based alkaline activator as initial materials. The designed silica fume contents were 0, 15, 30, and 45 wt % and two kinds of activators of water glass and sodium hydroxide were used for comparison. Phase composition, microstructure, mechanical properties and sound insulation properties of as-prepared bulks were systematically investigated. It was found that, with increasing silica fume content, the density and compressive strength decreased simultaneously, whereas the porosity and sound insulation performance were effectively enhanced. At the silica fume content of 45% with sodium hydroxide as activator, the porosity was increased 3.02 times, and, at the silica fume content of 45% with water glass as activator, the mean sound insulation value of 43.74 dB was obtained.
Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles<BR>A -86dBc reference spurs 1-5GHz 0.13&#x003BC;m CMOS PLL using a dual-path sampled loop filter architecture (2005)

Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles<br><br>"A -86dBc reference spurs 1-5GHz 0.13 μm CMOS PLL using a dual-path sampled loop filter architecture"<br>by Maxim, A.<br>in the Proceedings of the 2005 Symposium on VLSI Circuits, Digest of Technical Papers.<br>16-18 June 2005 Page(s):248 - 251<br><br>After careful and considered review, it has been determined that the above paper is in violation of IEEE's Publication Principles.<br><br>Specifically, the paper contains information that Adrian Maxim admits had been falsified. In response to an inquiry on this misconduct, Mr. Maxim acknowledged that the following people who have been listed as co-authors on several of his papers are fabricated names and that he is the only author:<br><br>C. Turinici, D. Smith, S. Dupue<br><br>Additionally, in papers by Mr. Maxim that have co-authors other than those listed above, it was discovered in some cases that he had not consulted with them while writing the papers, and submitted papers without their knowledge.<br><br>Although Mr. Maxim maintains that not all of the data is falsified, IEEE nevertheless cannot assure the integrity of papers posted by him because of his repeated false statements.<br><br>Due to the nature of this violation, reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to the above paper, and to refrain from any future references. <br/> A CMOS PLL was realized using a dual-path sampled loop filter, which reduces the reference spurs down to the -86dBc. Both the integral and proportional loop filter paths use a sampled configuration that completely isolates the oscillator from the switching effects of the charge-pumps, minimizing thus the ripple on the oscillator control signal. The 300×750 μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> PLL was fabricated in a 0.13μm CMOS process having a 1-5GHz frequency range, 5-12MHz channel separation, -86dBc reference spurs, <0.5% T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">osc</sub> RMS jitter, and draws <100mW from a 2.5V supply.
Combining Automated Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis and Western Blotting Systems (2008)

Abstract not Available.
Capsulorrhexis rescue techniques (2012)

Coelho et al.1 recently described a technique for rescuing the capsulorrhexis. Surprisingly, the authors did not consider it acceptable to perform the maneuver of Little et al.2 in cases with a tear-out extending into the area of the anterior zonule attachments or where the iris impedes visualization. They said that “to their knowledge, there is no described technique for capsulorrhexis rescue in cases with peripheral tear-out.” In fact, Little et al. provided a sequence of figures demonstrating the application and efficacy of their technique with the capsulorrhexis torn in the area of zonule attachments. Our common experience is that the technique works perfectly in a safe, controlled, and predictable way every time it has been adopted. It is therefore routinely taught to our trainees, who almost immediately feel comfortable with it. It is of note that Coelho et al. described their technique as “an aggressive movement… to be performed by experienced surgeons,” and we wonder whether they would feel comfortable adopting their aggressive technique in cases of shallow anterior chamber and weak zonular fibers, which are among the ocular conditions that they identified as predisposing to capsulorrhexis tear-out. We also challenge the authors to agree that this complication is always the result of the surgeon's mistake, such as letting the anterior chamber collapse during the flap creation, choosing the wrong ophthalmic viscosurgical device (OVD), or making a purely manual error. It is even more obviously the surgeon's mistake to proceed with maneuvering the capsule flap until the tear reaches the area of anterior zonule attachments. Finally, when rescuing a capsulorrhexis, it is essential not only to deepen the anterior chamber but also to ensure that the chamber remains deep during further flap manipulation, preferring the adoption of a cohesive OVD.
Fatal sickle cell crisis after granulocyte colony-stimulating factor administration (2001)

We summarize here a case involving a fatal sickle cell crisis in a patient with previously very mild hemoglobin sickle cell (Hb SC) disease. With granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) priming for peripheral stem cell collection, a crisis developed, followed by death within 36 hours. The case