gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spectrophotometric system for kinetic absorbance measurements in two-phase enzyme immunoassays (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpectrophotometric system for kinetic absorbance measurements in two-phase enzyme immunoassaysVadiraja V. Murthy, Lawrence. Freundlich, and Arthur. KarmenCite this: Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 8, 1898–1900Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00121a067https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00121a067research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views40Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Thick silicon drift detectors (2008)

A new concept of silicon drift detector is presented that potentially allows much thicker devices. The detector is based on a trench array, which penetrate the bulk with different depths. Finite element (FEM) simulations of the detector structure will be presented and discussed. The key micro-fabrication technique for different depth trenches, so called “gray-tone lithography”, will be introduced and discussed in a feasibility study.
Poster abstract: PRK-based scheduling for predictable link reliability in wireless networked sensing and control (2013)

Summary form only given. Despite decades of research on interference-oriented channel access scheduling, most existing literature are either based on the physical interference model or the protocol interference model, neither of which is a good foundation for distributed interference control in the presence of uncertainties [2]. To address the issue, Che et al. [2] have identified the physical-ratio-K (PRK) interference model that integrates the protocol model's locality with the physical model's high-fidelity. To enable distributed scheduling with predictable performance, we design the PRK-based scheduling protocol PRKS. In PRKS, we model the problem of identifying the PRK model parameter KS,R,T(S,R) as a minimum-variance regulation control problem, and we design distributed controllers that allow each link to adapt its PRK model parameter for ensuring the desired link reliability through purely local coordination. For ensuring that nodes interfering with one another do not transmit concurrently, we propose the concept of local signal map that allows nodes close-by to maintain the wireless path loss among themselves; together with the PRK model and transmission power control in protocol signaling, local signal maps enable nodes to precisely identify the interference relations among themselves despite anisotropic, asymmetric wireless communication and large interference range. To address the inherent delay in protocol signaling and to avoid interference between protocol signaling and data transmissions, PRKS uses a control channel for protocol signaling and a separate data channel for data transmissions in a TDMA fashion. With the above mechanisms, PRKS precisely identifies and then avoids interfering concurrent transmissions in scheduling; accordingly, PRKS eliminates the hidden terminal issue which has been a basic challenge in interference-oriented channel access control since 1975.
Energy efficient LED driving system for large-scale Video display panel (2013)

This paper shows how an energy efficient LED driving system can be implemented on a full-color large-scale Video display panel through a low-cost modification of conventional hardware configuration. The proposed system employs multiple LED driver modules connected in parallel that are combined to deliver multi-level PWM current to individual LED pixels. The implementation of the proposed driver is illustrated with a three-level driving scheme. The criteria for selecting current levels in order to maximize the luminous efficacy gain is derived mathematically. The algorithm for video signal conversion that requires for deriving sub-video signals from the original HDMI or DVI signal to activate multiple LED driver modules is also discussed. Experimental results show an average gain of 15% on luminous efficacy over the ON-OFF PWM driving scheme by the proposed method.
Probing the spatial organization of nucleic acids within cells by nonisotopic in situ hybridization (1992)

In situ hybridization is a powerful experimental approach that directly couples molecular and cytological information in a visual context. Advances in hybridization procedures over recent years, coupled with previously described non-isotopic labelling methods developed in a number of laboratories, now provide a way to detect nucleic acids within cells with a high degree of resolution and sensitivity. Adaptations of this technology allow either DNA or RNA to be detected and visualized either with the light microscope, using fluorescence or colorimetric methods, or with the electron microscope using antibodies conjugated to gold or peroxidase. The potential applications of this technology are relevant to numerous areas of biomedical research and range from the more straightforward study of differential gene expression in single cells within a population to the precise localization of individual genes or RNAs within the cytoplasm or nucleus of a cell.
Otoreflectance of the cochlea and middle ear (1997)

Otoreflectance refers to acoustic pressure reflectance measurements in the ear canal, by the use of a leak-free insertion of a probe assembly, in the frequency or time domain over a range of two or more stimulus levels. Otoreflectance includes an iso-level response indicative of the forward transfer of acoustic energy into the middle ear, and nonlinear responses indicative of the acoustic energy reflected back from the cochlea. The nonlinear otoreflectance decouples the reflected energy in an evoked otoacoustic emission (OAE) from its subsequent re-reflected energy due to the presence of the ear-canal probe. Nonlinear otoreflectance responses are extremely sensitive to probe distortion, and a double-evoked (2E) technique, previously used in evoked (OAE) measurements, is adapted for otoreflectance to solve the distortion problem. Results are obtained using a 2E stimulus set containing a set of three click stimuli delivered through a pair of sources. The corresponding sets of three pressure responses are acquired in a calibration tube, and in the ear canal, and a set of three iso-level ear-canal reflectances is calculated. An evoked OAE can be decomposed into a otoacoustic reflected pressure (ORP), and a nonlinear otoreflectance is defined by the ratio of the ORP to the initial pressure spectrum. Otoreflectance provides simultaneous measurements of middle-ear and cochlear responses, and has potential, as yet untested, for application to clinical tests for hearing impairments.
1029 Study on the Residual Stress Improvement Method for Small Diameter Pipe (1) : Experimental Survey of the Residual Stress Improvement (2010)

In order to prevent stress corrosion cracking (SCC) initiation at inner surface of butt-welding region of small diameter piping, the residual stress improvement method was developed. In this method, butt-welding region is quenched by cooling water after heated in air. During quenching, a large thermal stress is generated by the temperature difference between inner and outer surfaces. When the thermal stress exceeds the yield stress of piping material, compressive stress can be introduced at the inner surface due to tensile yielding. In this study, we confirmed the effectiveness of this method by measuring residual stress at the inner surface of butt-welding region of small diameter piping after applying this method.
System Design with Memristor Technologies (2018)

Memristors are a new class of circuit element with the ability to change their resistance value while retaining memory of their current and past resistances. Their small form factor, high density, and fast switching times have sparked research into their applications in modern memory hierarchies. However, these new components pose system design challenges, as well as opportunities. System Design with Memristor Technologies explores design solutions for memristors, covering research and development trends in memristor technology, fabrication, modelling, and applications, and the design and implementation of arithmetic units using memristors. The book begins with an introduction to the principles of system design with memristors, then goes on to address memristor logic gates, arithmetic units for adders, multipliers and dividers, and improved and optimised adder, multiplier and divider designs. The final chapters draw conclusions from the topics covered and explore potential future trends in research into system designs with memristor technologies. This book is essential reading for research scientists and electronics engineers interested in the use of memristors in future system architectures, specifically focused on the areas of arithmetic units, non-Von-Neumann architectures, and logic-in-memory
A System-On-Chip Bus Architecture for Thwarting Integrated Circuit Trojan Horses (2010)

While the issue of Trojan ICs has been receiving increasing amounts of attention, the overwhelming majority of anti-Trojan measures aim to address the problem during verification. While such methods are an important part of an overall anti-Trojan strategy, it is statistically inevitable that some Trojans will escape verification-stage detection, in particular in light of the increasing size and complexity of system-on-chip (SoC) solutions and the increasing use of third-party designs. In contrast with much of the previous work in this area, we specifically focus on run-time methods to identify the attacks of a Trojan and to adapt the system and respond accordingly. We describe a solution including a bus architecture in which the arbitration, address decoding, multiplexing, wrapping, and other components protect against malicious use of the bus.
Holographic Manipulation of a Cold Atomic Beam (1996)

A method of generating an arbitrary pattern of atoms by using an interferometric technique is reported. A laser-cooled metastable Ne atomic beam in the ${1s}_{3}$ state is diffracted by a computer generated binary hologram. A black-and-white pattern is drawn on a microchannel detector with a spatial resolution exceeding $65\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ and a resolving power better than $30$.
Performance Analysis of Metamaterial Substrate Based MIMO Antenna Arrays (2008)

A rectangular patch antenna array for MIMO communications was simulated on a magnetic permeability enhanced metamaterial. The performance of this antenna array was studied relative to a similar array constructed on a regular substrate. The analysis was performed with respect to performance metrics such as degree of mutual coupling for different element spacing, achievable channel capacity, bandwidth and efficiency. The array built on the metamaterial substrate showed significant size reduction, less mutual coupling and significant channel capacity improvement compared to similar arrays on conventional substrates.
Orientation Field Estimation for Latent Fingerprint Enhancement (2012)

Identifying latent fingerprints is of vital importance for law enforcement agencies to apprehend criminals and terrorists. Compared to live-scan and inked fingerprints, the image quality of latent fingerprints is much lower, with complex image background, unclear ridge structure, and even overlapping patterns. A robust orientation field estimation algorithm is indispensable for enhancing and recognizing poor quality latents. However, conventional orientation field estimation algorithms, which can satisfactorily process most live-scan and inked fingerprints, do not provide acceptable results for most latents. We believe that a major limitation of conventional algorithms is that they do not utilize prior knowledge of the ridge structure in fingerprints. Inspired by spelling correction techniques in natural language processing, we propose a novel fingerprint orientation field estimation algorithm based on prior knowledge of fingerprint structure. We represent prior knowledge of fingerprints using a dictionary of reference orientation patches. which is constructed using a set of true orientation fields, and the compatibility constraint between neighboring orientation patches. Orientation field estimation for latents is posed as an energy minimization problem, which is solved by loopy belief propagation. Experimental results on the challenging NIST SD27 latent fingerprint database and an overlapped latent fingerprint database demonstrate the advantages of the proposed orientation field estimation algorithm over conventional algorithms.
NAIL: Nucleic Acid detection using Isotachophoresis and Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (2015)

Nucleic acid amplification tests are the gold standard for many infectious disease diagnoses due to high sensitivity and specificity, rapid operation, and low limits of detection. Despite the advantages of nucleic acid amplification tests, they currently offer limited point-of-care (POC) utility due to the need for complex instruments and laborious sample preparation. We report the development of the Nucleic Acid Isotachophoresis LAMP (NAIL) diagnostic device. NAIL uses isotachophoresis (ITP) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) to extract and amplify nucleic acids from complex matrices in less than one hour inside of an integrated chip. ITP is an electrokinetic separation technique that uses an electric field and two buffers to extract and purify nucleic acids in a single step. LAMP amplifies nucleic acids at constant temperature and produces large amounts of DNA that can be easily detected. A mobile phone images the amplification results to eliminate the need for laser fluorescent detection. The device requires minimal user intervention because capillary valves and heated air chambers act as passive valves and pumps for automated fluid actuation. In this paper, we describe NAIL device design and operation, and demonstrate the extraction and detection of pathogenic E. coli O157:H7 cells from whole milk samples. We use the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) limit of detection (LoD) definitions that take into account the variance from both positive and negative samples to determine the diagnostic LoD. According to the CLSI definition, the NAIL device has a limit of detection (LoD) of 1000 CFU mL(-1) for E. coli cells artificially inoculated into whole milk, which is two orders of magnitude improvement to standard tube-LAMP reactions with diluted milk samples and comparable to lab-based methods. The NAIL device potentially offers significant reductions in the complexity and cost of traditional nucleic acid diagnostics for POC applications.
Microfabrication of hemispherical shells for laser fusion targets (1981)

Hemispherical shells for use in laser fusion targets have been fabricated by using reactive ion etching to produce a hemispherical original master pattern from a selected glass microsphere. Then micromolding techniques using silicone rubber and positive photoresist are employed to produce a large number of final molds which are coated with the shell material (parylene or copper). The flat background film is removed by a number of etching techniques and the final molds are dissolved to give free standing hemispherical shells. The shells were found to replicate the hemispherical section of the original microsphere within the measurement accuracy of about 3%. The advantages and current limitations of this technique are also discussed.
Neuroprotective Effect of Transplanted Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Neural Precursors in an Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis (2008)

The therapeutic effect of transplantation was not related to graft or host remyelination but was mediated by an immunosuppressive neuroprotective mechanism. The attenuation of EAE by hESC-derived NPs, demonstrated here, may serve as the first step towards further developments of hESC for cell therapy in MS.
Structural modification of 5-aryl-2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinoline platelet activating factor receptor antagonists (1993)

In an effort to determine the effect of modification of the imidazo[2,1-a]isoquinoline portion of the PAF-receptor antagonist SDZ 64-412 (1), several new analogs were prepared and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. One of these, 5-[4-[2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]phenyl]-2,3-dihydroimidazo [1,2-a]thieno[2,3-c]pyridine (6) was 4-5 times more potent than 1 in inhibiting PAF-induced bronchoconstriction and hemoconcentration when administered po to the guinea pig.
Bio-Inspired Filter Banks for Frequency Recognition of SSVEP-Based Brain–Computer Interfaces (2019)

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) and their associated technologies have the potential to shape future forms of communication, control, and security. Specifically, the steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) based BCIs have the advantages of better recognition accuracy, and higher information transfer rate (ITR) compared to other BCI modalities. To fully exploit the capabilities of such devices, it is necessary to understand the underlying biological features of SSVEPs and design the system considering their inherent characteristics. This paper introduces bio-inspired filter banks (BIFBs) for improved SSVEP frequency recognition. SSVEPs are frequency selective, subject-specific, and their power gets weaker as the frequency of the visual stimuli increases. Therefore, the gain and bandwidth of the filters are designed and tuned based on these characteristics while also incorporating harmonic SSVEP responses. The BIFBs are utilized in the feature extraction stage to increase the separability of classes. This method not only improves the recognition accuracy but also increases the total number of available commands in a BCI system by allowing the use of stimuli frequencies that elicit weak SSVEP responses. The BIFBs are promising particularly in the high-frequency band, which causes less visual fatigue. Hence, the proposed approach might enhance user comfort as well. The BIFB method is tested on two online benchmark datasets and outperforms the compared methods. The results show the potential of bio-inspired design, and the findings will be extended by including further SSVEP characteristics for future SSVEP based BCIs.
Making C++ objects persistent: The hidden pointers (1993)

Abstract C++ objects of types that have virtual functions or virtual base classes contain volatile (‘memory’) pointers. We call such pointers ‘hidden pointers’ because they were not specified by the user. If such C++ objects are made persistent, then these pointers become invalid across program invocations. We encountered this problem in our implementation of O++, which is a database language based on C++. O++ extends C++ with the ability to create and access persistent objects. In this paper, we describe the hidden pointers problem in detail and present several solutions to it. Our solutions are elegant in that they do not require modifying the C++ compiler or the semantics of C++. We also discuss another problem that arises because C++ allows base class pointers to point to derived class objects. C++ has emerged as the de facto standard language for software development, and database systems based on C++ have attracted much attention. We hope that the details and techniques presented will be useful to database researchers and to implementors of object‐oriented database systems based on C++.
ChemInform Abstract: Cobalt(II)‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Olefin Cyclopropanation with α‐Ketodiazoacetates. (2014)

Abstract It is demonstrated that a metalloradical Co‐porphyrin catalyst is highly effective for the asymmetric cyclopropanation of olefins with α‐ketodiazoacetates.
Electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure synthesizer using genetic algorithm for wireless system applications (2006)

Electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure synthesizer using genetic algorithm (GA) has been developed. In mixed-signal systems, in spite of the fact that band gap structures have become very important parts for noise suppression, there has been no synthesis method for band gap structure. Hence, designing EBG structures have been computationally expensive. For the first time, EBG synthesizer using GA has been presented. The synthesizer has been verified with simulations and measurements. To have the synthesizer fully automated, GA has been combined with the finite-difference frequency-domain (FDFD) method and dispersion diagram analysis method.
Simultaneous Extraction and Concentration in Carbon Nanotube Immobilized Hollow Fiber Membranes (2010)

Analytical enrichment during continuous hollow fiber membrane extraction involves the movement of analytes from the sample to the extractant. At the same time, a second preconcentration mechanism is provided by out-diffusion of the extracting solvent. These effectively combine extraction and concentration into one step. In this paper, we demonstrate for the first time that the presence of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can enhance both these phenomenon leading to superior performance in terms of higher enrichment factors and extraction efficiency. The CNTs were immobilized in the pores of a polypropylene hollow fiber and led to nearly 250% enrichment enhancement over the unmodified parent membranes. The detections limits for polycyclic aromatic compounds were between 0.042 and 0.25 microg/L.
Cryoprotectant-free vitrification of human spermatozoa in large (up to 0.5 mL) volume: a novel technology. (2011)

A basic protection from cryo-injury can be achieved for human spermatozoa using the novel technology of aseptic cryoprotectant-free vitrification in large volumes.
Polarization-multiplexed multilevel LDPC-Coded modulation for optical communication systems (2009)

Polarization-multiplexed coded-modulation, with joint coherent MAP detection and soft-iterative decoding, which considers independent symbols transmitted over both polarizations as a super-symbol is proposed. Penalty of only 1.5 dB at 20 Gb/s for DGD of 100 ps is reported.
Molecular Imaging of Atherosclerotic Plaques Targeted to Oxidized LDL Receptor LOX-1 by SPECT/CT and Magnetic Resonance (2010)

LOX-1 can be used as a target for molecular imaging of atherosclerotic plaque in vivo. Furthermore, the LOX-1 imaging signal is associated with markers of rupture-prone atherosclerotic plaque.