gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Channelized Active Noise Elimination (CANE) with envelope Delta Sigma modulation (2015)

Digital switching-mode power amplifiers (PA) based on bit-stream modulations such as Delta Sigma Modulations (DSM) have been studied as a potential solution to overcome the trade-off between the power efficiency and the signal linearity of RF PAs. FIR filtering has been introduced to suppress the quantization noise near signal band for those transmitters based on a combination of multiple power amplifiers. In this paper, the Channelized Active Noise Elimination (CANE) technique is proposed to implement the FIR filtering concept into the Envelope Delta Sigma Modulation (EDSM) scheme so that the low pass characteristics of the FIR filter is upconverted carrier to form a band pass filter. The advantage of CANE comparing to conventional FIR filtering is its small bandwidth, low sampling rate requirement and arbitrary carrier frequency and filter bandwidth selections. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Polar Coding for Deletion Channels: Theory and Implementation (2018)

In this paper, we propose a polar coding scheme for binary deletion channels. We also present an implementation of low-complexity polar SC decoder for deletion channels. The modified decoding algorithm requires only O(d <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> nlogn) computational complexity, where d and n respectively denote the number of deletions and the code-length. This is a huge improvement over naive implementation of the SC decoder for channels with deletion with O(n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d+1</sup> logn) computation complexity that was recently proposed by Thomas et al. in [21], and is based on running individual instances of SC decoder for every deletion pattern while treating the deleted symbols as erasures. We also prove polarization theorems for the polar bit-channels in presence of deletions when d = o(n), which implies that our coding scheme is capable of achieving the symmetric information rate for this concatenated scheme with diminishing error probabilities as n becomes large. The same framework, in both theory and implementation, is also applicable to channels formed as a concatenation between binary discrete memoryless channels and the d-deletion channel, which marks our coding scheme as the first family of practical codes that is capable of decoding noisy channels with deletions at the optimal code rate.
Phenotypic Spectrum of <i>COL4A1</i> Mutations: Porencephaly to Schizencephaly (2012)

Our study first confirmed that COL4A1 mutations are associated with schizencephaly and hemolytic anemia. Based on the finding that COL4A1 mutations were frequent in patients with porencephaly and schizencephaly, genetic testing for COL4A1 should be considered for children with these conditions.
Microscopic magnetic stimulation of neural tissue (2012)

Electrical stimulation is currently used to treat a wide range of cardiovascular, sensory and neurological diseases. Despite its success, there are significant limitations to its application, including incompatibility with magnetic resonance imaging, limited control of electric fields and decreased performance associated with tissue inflammation. Magnetic stimulation overcomes these limitations but existing devices (that is, transcranial magnetic stimulation) are large, reducing their translation to chronic applications. In addition, existing devices are not effective for deeper, sub-cortical targets. Here we demonstrate that sub-millimeter coils can activate neuronal tissue. Interestingly, the results of both modelling and physiological experiments suggest that different spatial orientations of the coils relative to the neuronal tissue can be used to generate specific neural responses. These results raise the possibility that micro-magnetic stimulation coils, small enough to be implanted within the brain parenchyma, may prove to be an effective alternative to existing stimulation devices.
The Regulation of miRNA-211 Expression and Its Role in Melanoma Cell Invasiveness (2010)

The immediate molecular mechanisms behind invasive melanoma are poorly understood. Recent studies implicate microRNAs (miRNAs) as important agents in melanoma and other cancers. To investigate the role of miRNAs in melanoma, we subjected human melanoma cell lines to miRNA expression profiling, and report a range of variations in several miRNAs. Specifically, compared with expression levels in melanocytes, levels of miR-211 were consistently reduced in all eight non-pigmented melanoma cell lines we examined; they were also reduced in 21 out of 30 distinct melanoma samples from patients, classified as primary in situ, regional metastatic, distant metastatic, and nodal metastatic. The levels of several predicted target mRNAs of miR-211 were reduced in melanoma cell lines that ectopically expressed miR-211. In vivo target cleavage assays confirmed one such target mRNA encoded by KCNMA1. Mutating the miR-211 binding site seed sequences at the KCNMA1 3'-UTR abolished target cleavage. KCNMA1 mRNA and protein expression levels varied inversely with miR-211 levels. Two different melanoma cell lines ectopically expressing miR-211 exhibited significant growth inhibition and reduced invasiveness compared with the respective parental melanoma cell lines. An shRNA against KCNMA1 mRNA also demonstrated similar effects on melanoma cells. miR-211 is encoded within the sixth intron of TRPM1, a candidate suppressor of melanoma metastasis. The transcription factor MITF, important for melanocyte development and function, is needed for high TRPM1 expression. MITF is also needed for miR-211 expression, suggesting that the tumor-suppressor activities of MITF and/or TRPM1 may at least partially be due to miR-211's negative post transcriptional effects on the KCNMA1 transcript. Given previous reports of high KCNMA1 levels in metastasizing melanoma, prostate cancer and glioma, our findings that miR-211 is a direct posttranscriptional regulator of KCNMA1 expression as well as the dependence of this miRNA's expression on MITF activity, establishes miR-211 as an important regulatory agent in human melanoma.
Scalable face image retrieval with identity-based quantization and multi-reference re-ranking (2010)

State-of-the-art image retrieval systems achieve scalability by using bag-of-words representation and textual retrieval methods, but their performance degrades quickly in the face image domain, mainly because they 1) produce visual words with low discriminative power for face images, and 2) ignore the special properties of the faces. The leading features for face recognition can achieve good retrieval performance, but these features are not suitable for inverted indexing as they are high-dimensional and global, thus not scalable in either computational or storage cost. In this paper we aim to build a scalable face image retrieval system. For this purpose, we develop a new scalable face representation using both local and global features. In the indexing stage, we exploit special properties of faces to design new component-based local features, which are subsequently quantized into visual words using a novel identity-based quantization scheme. We also use a very small hamming signature (40 bytes) to encode the discriminative global feature for each face. In the retrieval stage, candidate images are firstly retrieved from the inverted index of visual words. We then use a new multi-reference distance to re-rank the candidate images using the hamming signature. On a one-millon face database, we show that our local features and global hamming signatures are complementary - the inverted index based on local features provides candidate images with good recall, while the multi-reference re-ranking with global hamming signature leads to good precision. As a result, our system is not only scalable but also outperforms the linear scan retrieval system using the state-of-the-art face recognition feature in term of the quality.
Remote temperature sensing using polarisation-preserving fibre (1984)

A fibre-optic temperature sensor is described in which the change in modal birefringence of a short length of polarisation-preserving fibre is monitored in reflection through a 90 m length of input fibre. The system shows high sensitivity and good downlead insensitivity.
Chaperonins in Phage Display of Antibody Fragments (2003)

The display of antibody fragments on the surface of filamentous bacteriophages (, , , , , , ) constitutes a powerful system for the selection of molecules with desired specificities. In phage display, the antibody fragment is coupled to the minor coat protein (protein3) of bacteriophage M13 phage and is, in this way, both anchored in the phage capsid and exposed on the phage surface, linking specificity and genetic information. This permits direct isolation and sequence determination of the gene encoding the antibody fragment. The gene can subsequently be exposed to further engineering and selection in order to improve affinity and specificity.
Adaptive image segmentation using a genetic algorithm (1995)

Image segmentation is an old and difficult problem. One of the fundamental weaknesses of current computer vision systems to be used in practical applications is their inability to adapt the segmentation process as real-world changes occur in the image. We present the first closed loop image segmentation system which incorporates a genetic algorithm to adapt the segmentation process to changes in image characteristics caused by variable environmental conditions such as time of day, time of year, clouds, etc. The segmentation problem is formulated as an optimization problem and the genetic algorithm efficiently searches the hyperspace of segmentation parameter combinations to determine the parameter set which maximizes the segmentation quality criteria. The goals of our adaptive image segmentation system are to provide continuous adaptation to normal environmental variations, to exhibit learning capabilities, and to provide robust performance when interacting with a dynamic environment. We present experimental results which demonstrate learning and the ability to adapt the segmentation performance in outdoor color imagery.
Autostereoscopic display for use with a personal computer (1990)

Dimension Technologies has developed a black and white 640 X 480 pixel flat panel autostereoscopic computer monitor that is compatible with the IBM PC family of computers and most compatibles. The monitor employs a liquid crystal display as the image generating element. The LCD is used in combination with a patented illumination system to produce vivid stereoscopic Images that can be seen by several observers from several locations in front of the screen. This paper describes the monitor and how It works, the advantages of DTI's autostereoscopic technology, and the results achieved with the monitor as a display device for computer generated images and still television images.
Manipulation at the nano-scale of single magnetic particles via domain walls conduits (2009)

We demonstrate on-chip manipulation of individual nanoparticles in suspension with active control of position at the nanometer scale, through the control of the motion of geometrically constrained domain walls (DWs) in magnetic nano-conduits. Magnetic nanoparticles are captured by the stray field of a DW and their transport and release is obtained via precise control over DW nucleation, displacement, and annihilation processes. In comparison with other manipulation techniques, our approach is unique because it combines the true single nano-particle manipulation ability at the nanoscale and the compatibility with lab-on-chip applications. As magnetic nano-particles are widely used for tagging molecules or cells, our method holds great potential for biological applications involving manipulation, transport and sorting of molecules and cells on surfaces. This work opens the way towards the realization of microchip-based platforms for high-throughput cell manipulation or single molecule analysis and synthesis.
The etiology and pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease – how close are we to an answer? (1997)

Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado *Department of Pediatrics, New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts †Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
Efficacy of antilipopolysaccharide and anti-tumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibodies in a neutropenic rat model of Pseudomonas sepsis. (1991)

Monoclonal antibodies (MAb) directed against bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) provide partial protection in experimental models of septic shock. To determine if additional benefit accrues from a combination of anti-TNF and anti-LPS MAb in the treatment of septic shock, a neutropenic rat model was developed to study active infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa 12.4.4. Animals were treated intravenously with an irrelevant MAb (group 1); anti-TNF MAb (group 2); MAb directed against P. aeruginosa 12.4.4 LPS (group 3); or a combination of anti-TNF and anti-LPS MAb (group 4). None of the control animals in group 1 survived the 7-d period of neutropenia (0/16). In contrast, the survival rate was 44% in group 2 (P less than 0.02); 37% in group 3 (P less than 0.05); and 75% in group 4 (P less than 0.0002). The combination of monoclonal antibodies provided greater protection than either MAb given alone (P less than 0.05). Serum TNF levels during infection were significantly greater in groups 1 and 3 (20.1 +/- 3.3 U, mean +/- SE) than in groups 2 and 4 (0.9 +/- 0.8 U, P less than 0.0001). These results indicate that a combination of monoclonal antibodies to LPS and TNF have additive benefit in experimental Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis. This immunotherapeutic approach may be of potential utility in the management of serious, gram-negative bacterial infection in neutropenic patients.
Discovery of an Opioid κ Receptor Selective Pure Antagonist from a Library of N-Substituted 4β-Methyl-5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)morphans (2002)

A library of compounds biased toward opioid receptor antagonist activity was prepared by incorporating N-phenylpropyl-4beta-methyl-5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)morphans as the core scaffold using simultaneous solution phase synthetic methodology. From this library, N-phenylpropyl-4beta-methyl-5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-7alpha-[3-(1-piperidinyl)propanamido]morphan [(-)-3b] was identified as the first potent and selective kappa opioid receptor antagonist from the 5-phenylmorphan class of opioids.
High efficiency power management system for solar energy harvesting applications (2010)

A high efficiency power management system for solar energy harvesting applications is proposed. The power management system receives power from photovoltaic (PV) cell and generate different voltage levels, they are 1V~0.3V for analog circuitry and low power digital circuitry, -1.2V for super-cutoff technique in memory circuitry, and 10V for FLASH memory or I/O components. The great voltage varieties are suitable for green integrated regulator SoC electronics. The power management system also contains a rechargeable battery which is charged by multi-phase maximum power tracking (MPT) circuitry with the PV cell module. With the MPT circuitry, the power of PV cell can be regulated in the maximum power region. The average power efficiency of the MPT circuitry is up to 80%~73%. All results are simulated in UMC 90nm bulk CMOS technology model.
A two-phase return-to-zero (RZ) asynchronous transceiver circuit for pipe-lined SoC interconnects (2008)

A new delay-insensitive two-phase asynchronous handshaking protocol has been developed. The new protocol utilizes return to zero data format which simplifies communication circuits design significantly. Robust transceiver circuitry that implement this protocol have been developed and simulated using a 0.13mum, 1.2V technology to verify their performance.
Effective Utilization Technique for Coal Having High Fluidity and Long Maximum Permeation Distance by Coal Size Adjustment (2018)

In our previous paper, a new measurement method for coal thermoplasticity, “permeation distance method”, was devised. Permeation distance of thermally plastic coal into glass beads layer adjacently placed on the coal sample was measured as a unique caking property. The maximum permeation distance measured is roughly correlated with Gieseler fluidity, however large deviation is observed especially in high fluidity coals. Moreover, it was revealed that high MF coal having longer maximum permeation distance forms thinner pore-wall structures in coke and that coke strength deteriorated when the coal blend included longer maximum permeation distance coal. Therefore, technique for reducing the adverse effects of long maximum permeation distance coal on coke strength is necessary so as to utilize the coal more efficiently.
Epitope Mapping of Antipig Podoplanin Monoclonal Antibody PMab-213 (2019)

Podoplanin (PDPN), a type I transmembrane sialoglycoprotein, is expressed on lymphatic endothelial cells, podocytes of the kidneys, and type I alveolar cells of the lungs. PDPN, a platelet aggregation-inducing factor, comprises three platelet aggregation-stimulating (PLAG) domains (PLAG1, PLAG2, and PLAG3) in the N-terminus and PLAG-like domains in the middle of the PDPN protein. We have previously reported a mouse antipig PDPN (pPDPN) monoclonal antibody (mAb) clone, PMab-213, which was developed using the Cell-Based Immunization and Screening (CBIS) method. PMab-213 is very useful in flow cytometry, Western blotting, and immunohistochemical analyses; however, the binding epitope of PMab-213, which was developed by CBIS method, remains to be elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the epitope of PMab-213 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemical analyses. The results revealed that the critical epitopes of PMab-213 are Pro53, Arg54, Arg56, and Tyr60 of pPDPN.
Site-Directed Mutagenesis of Human Pancreatic Secretory Trypsin Inhibitor (1989)

Arg-42 or Lys-43 or Arg-44 of human pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) was replaced by Thr or Ser by site-directed mutagenesis, and the inactivation rates of the mutants after mixing with human trypsin were compared with that of the natural form. The inactivation rate decreased for one mutant (Arg-44----Ser), whereas no change was observed for another (Arg-42----Thr) and an increase was observed for a third (Lys-43----Thr). Kinetic studies on the interactions between human trypsin and synthetic peptides, comprising the regions of Phe39-Ser47 of the respective PSTI species, showed that human trypsin cleaved the Arg42-Lys43 bond preferentially to the Arg44-Gln45 bond. However, it is cleavage of the latter bond that is thought to cause inactivation of human PSTI. These results suggest that the Arg44-Gln45 bond of human PSTI is responsible for its inhibitory activity, and inactivation of human PSTI is probably caused by deletion of the dipeptide Lys43-Arg44.
Monolithic electronically controlled millimeter-wave beam-steering antenna (2002)

A new electronically controlled MMW beam-steering antenna is presented in the paper. The antenna operation is based on interaction of millimeter waves with solid-state plasma in a planar semiconductor waveguide. Proof of the concept experiment has demonstrated the feasibility of the approach. The new antenna is a cost-effective alternative to electronically controlled phased-array antennas and is promising for application in automotive smart cruise control and aircraft landing systems.
DIY Human Action Dataset Generation (2018)

The recent successes in applying deep learning techniques to solve standard computer vision problems has aspired researchers to propose new computer vision problems in different domains. As previously established in the field, training data itself plays a significant role in the machine learning process, especially deep learning approaches which are data hungry. In order to solve each new problem and get a decent performance, a large amount of data needs to be captured which may in many cases pose logistical difficulties. Therefore, the ability to generate de novo data or expand an existing dataset, however small, in order to satisfy data requirement of current networks may be invaluable. Herein, we introduce a novel way to partition an action video clip into action, subject and context. Each part is manipulated separately and reassembled with our proposed video generation technique. Furthermore, our novel human skeleton trajectory generation along with our proposed video generation technique, enables us to generate unlimited action recognition training data. These techniques enables us to generate video action clips from an small set without costly and time-consuming data acquisition. Lastly, we prove through extensive set of experiments on two small human action recognition datasets, that this new data generation technique can improve the performance of current action recognition neural nets.
A spatio-temporal model of the selective human visual attention (2005)

A new spatio-temporal model for simulating the bottom-up visual attention is proposed. It has been built from numerous important properties of the human visual system (HVS). This paper focuses both on the architecture of the model and on its performances. Given that the spatial model of the bottom-up visual attention has already been defined [O. Le Meur et al., 2004], the temporal dimension is more accurately described. A qualitative and quantitative comparison with human fixations collected from an eye tracking apparatus is undertaken. From the former, the quality of the prediction is deemed very good whereas the latter illustrates that the best predictor of the human fixation consists of the sum all visual features (achromatic, chromatic and motion).
Solar-cell characteristics and interfacial chemistry of indium-tin-oxide/indium phosphide and indium-tin-oxide/gallium arsenide junctions (1979)

The preparation of indium-tin-oxide (ITO)/p-InP and ITO/p-GaAs solar cells via ion-beam deposition, rf sputtering, and magnetron sputtering of ITO onto single-crystal InP and GaAs substrates is described. The properties of these solar cells are strongly affected by the fabrication conditions and are related to chemical modifications of the junctions. The solar power conversion efficiencies at air mass 2 of ITO/p-GaAs and ITO/p-InP solar cells are ?5 and ?14.4%, respectively.
Head slider flying height measurement using a color image processing technique. (1989)

A new method was developed to measure the head slider flying height in magnetic disk devices. The interference color fringe created in the clearance between slider and the glass disk was characterized by using a color image processing technique. The relation between hue and the flying height was obtained within a 0.0073 micrometer error. The presented method makes use of the phase difference among RGB signals, so it does not depend on the light intensity distribution in the TV field, which comes from optical devices. In addition, the presented method gives spatially continuous flying height attitude with a high resolution over a wide range.