gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A soluble α-synuclein construct forms a dynamic tetramer (2011)

A heterologously expressed form of the human Parkinson disease-associated protein α-synuclein with a 10-residue N-terminal extension is shown to form a stable tetramer in the absence of lipid bilayers or micelles. Sequential NMR assignments, intramonomer nuclear Overhauser effects, and circular dichroism spectra are consistent with transient formation of α-helices in the first 100 N-terminal residues of the 140-residue α-synuclein sequence. Total phosphorus analysis indicates that phospholipids are not associated with the tetramer as isolated, and chemical cross-linking experiments confirm that the tetramer is the highest-order oligomer present at NMR sample concentrations. Image reconstruction from electron micrographs indicates that a symmetric oligomer is present, with three- or fourfold symmetry. Thermal unfolding experiments indicate that a hydrophobic core is present in the tetramer. A dynamic model for the tetramer structure is proposed, based on expected close association of the amphipathic central helices observed in the previously described micelle-associated "hairpin" structure of α-synuclein.
Reversible Chain Transfer Catalyzed Polymerizations (RTCPs) of Styrene and Methyl Methacrylate with Phosphorus Catalysts (2008)

Abstract Summary : Phosphorus compounds were employed as catalysts in Reversible Chain Transfer Catalyzed Polymerization (RTCP), a novel class of living radical polymerization (LRP) which we had recently developed. Low‐polydispersity polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) with predicted molecular weights were obtained with a fairly high conversion in a fairly short time. These catalysts are particularly featured by their high reactivity hence small amounts being required, low toxicity , and low cost . Some phosphorus catalysts used in this work are among the least expensive catalysts/mediators of LRP developed so far.
Bottom and concave surface rendering in image-based visual hull (2008)

Bottom and concave shapes on object surface are difficult to reconstruct in image-based visual hull method. In this paper, we propose a simple but efficient method to solve these problems in regular image-based visual hull framework. With the help of a simple image acquiring platform which involves a glass and a mirror, we can capture images of the object from both upper and lower side at the same time. Using these images, silhouette cones necessary for reconstructing the bottom and the concave surfaces could be generated. Therefore the final rendering result of the object could be significantly improved in accuracy and reality, especially in the parts of bottom and concaves.
TOWARDS INERTIAL GRADE VIBRATORY MICROGYROS: A HIGH-Q IN-PLANE SILICON-ON-INSULATOR TUNING FORK DEVICE (2004)

This paper reports on the design and implementation of an in-plane solid-mass single-crystal silicon tuning fork gyro that has potential to achieve inertial-grade performance. A novel design is devised to achieve high Q in the drive and sense resonant modes (Q drive =84,000 and Q sense =64,000) with effective decoupling. The gyroscope was fabricated on 40m SOI using a two-mask process. The drive and sense resonant modes were matched electronically to within 0.07% of each other and the measured rate results show a sensitivity of 1.25mV//s in a bandwidth of 12Hz.
Novel multiuser interference cancellation using simplex algorithm for CDMA systems (2002)

A novel MAI-free multiuser receiver is proposed. A reference vector, which is different to the desired signals but creates the same multiple access interference, is generated. Thus the multiple access interference is regenerated by a new correlator and subtracted from the output of the conventional detector. The reference vector can be computed at a very low complexity cost by using the linear programming method (simplex algorithm). The simulation results show that the proposed scheme approaches the performance of the decorrelating detector but with much less complexity.
AUTOMATING MICROFACIES ANALYSIS OF PETROGRAPHIC IMAGES (2020)

Disclosed herein are methods and systems for analysis of a petrographic image of a sample of a subterranean formation, the method comprising performing an unsupervised machine-learning algorithm on the petrographic image, and determining a microfacies or a microfacies characteristic of the sample based on a segmented image provided by the unsupervised machine-learning algorithm that is performed on the petrographic image.
The role of Syk kinase in ultraviolet-mediated skin damage (2011)

Our results demonstrate that Syk expression correlates well with increase of MMPs (MMP-1 in humans and MMP-13 in mice) in response to UV exposure. The findings suggest that Syk may be a novel target for the prevention and treatment of skin photodamage by modulating MMPs.
Kinesthetic stimulation for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: an “on-off” proof of concept trial (2017)

<b>Background:</b> Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) occurs when the upper airway narrows or collapses due to the loss of upper airway muscle activation at sleep onset. This study investigated the effectiveness of triggered kinesthetic stimulation in patients with OSA. <b>Methods:</b> A proof-of-concept, open-label, multicenter prospective study was conducted in 24 patients with severe OSA. During a one night evaluation, kinesthetic stimulation was intermittently delivered in 30 minute periods. The duration of apneas and hypopneas during <i>Stim<sub>on</sub></i> and <i>Stim<sub>off</sub></i> periods were compared. Five hospital-based university centers in France participated. Sleep studies were evaluated by a single scorer at a core laboratory (CHU Grenoble). <b>Results:</b> During the <i>Stim<sub>on</sub></i> phases, statistically significant decreases in durations of apnea and hypopneas were observed in 56% and 46% of patients, respectively. Overall, 75% of patients showed an improvement in apneas or hypopneas durations. The mean reduction in durations for patients with a significant decrease was 4.86 seconds for apneas and 6.00 seconds for hypopneas. Oxygen desaturation index (4%) decreased from 14.6 (29.3 – 7.3) to 13.9 (23.8 – 6.9)/hour when comparing <i>Stim<sub>off</sub></i> versus <i>Stim<sub>on</sub></i> periods. <b>Conclusions:</b> This proof of concept study is the first to identify kinesthetic stimulation as a potentially effective therapy for OSA. These data justify evaluation in a controlled study.
New polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon dopants for red organic electroluminescent devices (2002)

Two new anthracene derivatives with red emission have been synthesized. The materials were characterized with photoluminescence spectroscopy, and showed emission peaking at over 600 nm. Organic light-emitting devices were fabricated by using these derivatives as dopants. The devices have a maximum efficiency of 0.6 cd A−1 and an emission peak at 617 nm. The results of color tuning and fluorescent yield enhancement for anthracene derivatives are presented.
UI<sub>4</sub>(1,4-dioxane)<sub>2</sub>, [UCl<sub>4</sub>(1,4-dioxane)]<sub>2</sub>, and UI<sub>3</sub>(1,4-dioxane)<sub>1.5</sub>: Stable and Versatile Starting Materials for Low- and High-Valent Uranium Chemistry (2011)

The uranium(III) and uranium(IV) iodide complexes UI3(1,4-dioxane)1.5 and UI4(1,4-dioxane)2 have been easily prepared in high yield by reacting uranium turnings with a 1,4-dioxane solution of iodine under mild conditions. The two complexes exhibit outstanding thermal stability and are excellent precursors to a variety of uranium(III), uranium(IV), and uranium(VI) alkoxide, amide, organometallic, and halide compounds, including a safe, room-temperature synthesis of [UCl4(1,4-dioxane)]2, which is a useful synthetic alternative to UCl4.
Clinical feasibility study of combined opto-acoustic and ultrasonic imaging modality providing coregistered functional and anatomical maps of breast tumors (2013)

We report on findings from the clinical feasibility study of the Imagio<sup>TM</sup>. Breast Imaging System, which acquires two-dimensional opto-acoustic (OA) images co-registered with conventional ultrasound using a specialized duplex hand-held probe. Dual-wavelength opto-acoustic technology is used to generate parametric maps based upon total hemoglobin and its oxygen saturation in breast tissues. This may provide functional diagnostic information pertaining to tumor metabolism and microvasculature, which is complementary to morphological information obtained with conventional gray-scale ultrasound. We present co-registered opto-acoustic and ultrasonic images of malignant and benign tumors from a recent clinical feasibility study. The clinical results illustrate that the technology may have the capability to improve the efficacy of breast tumor diagnosis. In doing so, it may have the potential to reduce biopsies and to characterize cancers that were not seen well with conventional gray-scale ultrasound alone.
Effect of niacin on lipoproteins and atherosclerosis (2006)

Niacin has been in use for the past 50 years to treat lipid disorders and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. We have recently demonstrated that niacin, by selective inhibition of liver diacylglycerol acyltransferae (DGAT)2, a rate-limiting enzyme in triglyceride synthesis, inhibits triglyceride synthesis thereby decreasing the secretion of apolipoprotein (Apo)B-containing very low-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein particles. We have demonstrated that niacin increases ApoAI–high-density lipoprotein (HDL), mainly through the selective inhibition of hepatic uptake and removal of ApoAI–HDL (but not HDL-cholesterol ester). Emerging data from our laboratory provide evidence for the nonlipid-related effects of niacin on vascular oxidative and inflammatory processes involved in atherosclerosis. Although decreased free fatty acid mobilization from adipose tissue via a newly described niacin receptor (HM74A) is reported as a mechanism by which niacin decreases triglycerides, both physiologically ...
Synthesis and biological activity of 8-arylergolines (1977)

9,10-Didehydro-6-methyl-8beta-arylergolines 2, in which the carboxyl group of lysergic acid and isolysergic acid is replaced by various aryl groups, were prepared in two steps by alkylation of aromatic substrates with the tetracyclic allylic alcohol 3, followed by aromatization with MnO2. The new ergolines 2 have modest prolactin-inhibiting and rat antimuricidal activities and possess significant alpha-blocking and antiserotonin properties.
A Generalized Pairwise Optimization for Designing Multi-Dimensional Modulation Formats (2017)

A modified pairwise optimization algorithm has been proposed to optimize N-dimensional constellation. The resulting optimized 2- and 4-dimensional 8QAM formats outperform star-8QAM by >0.4 dB at the SNR above the FEC limit in both simulation and experiments.
Breaking the Carrier Injection Bottleneck of Phosphor-Free Nanowire White Light-Emitting Diodes (2013)

We have examined the carrier injection process of axial nanowire light-emitting diode (LED) structures and identified that poor carrier injection efficiency, due to the large surface recombination, is the primary cause for the extremely low output power of phosphor-free nanowire white LEDs. We have further developed InGaN/GaN/AlGaN dot-in-a-wire core-shell white LEDs on Si substrate, which can break the carrier injection efficiency bottleneck, leading to a massive enhancement in the output power. At room temperature, the devices can exhibit an output power of ~1.5 mW, which is more than 2 orders of magnitude stronger than nanowire LEDs without shell coverage. Additionally, such phosphor-free nanowire white LEDs can deliver an unprecedentedly high color rendering index of ~92-98 in both the warm and cool white regions, with the color rendering capability approaching that of an ideal light source, i.e. a blackbody.
Comparison and modelling of extraction methods to assess agronomic effectiveness of fertilizer zinc (2020)

Abstract Total Zn in fertilizer is a poor predictor of Zn availability in granular fertilizers. In this study, we compared different extraction methods using Zn fertilizers for which the agronomic effectiveness had previously been determined. Sixteen fertilizers were extracted by eight different procedures using five extractant solutions: water, 1 M ammonium acetate (pH 7.0), 74 mM EDTA (pH 7.0), 5 mM DTPA + 0.1 M MES (pH 6.2), and 0.12 M bis‐tris (pH 6). Modelling of Zn solubility and speciation was carried out with a chemical speciation program (Visual Minteq). The predicted solubilities were in good agreement with the observations, indicating chemical equilibrium. The three methods using pure water were highly correlated with each other and showed the strongest correlation with agronomic effectiveness ( r = 0.81–0.90). The methods using extractants with strong pH buffering or high chelating capacity showed no or weak correlation with the agronomic effectiveness. Thus, water‐only based methods give the best indication of the availability of Zn in granular fertilizers, and are best suited for regulation or labeling of available Zn in fertilizer.
ChemInform Abstract: The Synthesis of 2′‐Deoxyadenosine via Stereospecific Coupling Reaction. (1989)

Abstract The adenine sodium salt (I) is coupled with 1α‐chloro‐2‐deoxyribose (II) in various solvents to yield the deoxyadenosine (III).
LC resonant clock resource minimization using compensation capacitance (2015)

Distributed-LC resonant clock distribution is a viable technique to reduce clock distribution network (CDN) dynamic power. However, resonant clocks can require significant on-chip resources to form the inductors and decoupling capacitors which discourages adoption. This paper uses a compensation capacitor (C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> ) to reduce the overhead of the on-chip inductor and capacitor resources without changing the performance of a distributed-LC resonant clock. Analysis on the ISPD clock benchmarks show nearly 12% reduction in passive device area compared to previous resonant clocks while still saving 49.9% power over traditional buffered clocks.
Adopting qos real-time dcps models and other reliability measures on high performance and grid computing (2012)

In recent years, we have witnessed a growing interest in improving the reliability when running parallel batch jobs on the High Performance Computing (HPC) environments. However, existing distributed memory HPC systems do not provide proper quality of service (QoS) controls and reliability features because of two limitations. First, standard communication libraries such as Message Passing Interface (MPI) and Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM) do not provide means for applications to specify service quality for computation and communication. Secondly, modern high-speed interconnects such as Infiniband, Myrinet and Quadrics are optimized for performance rather than fault-tolerance and QoS control. On the other hand, Data-Centric Publish-Subscribe (DCPS) model, which is the core of Data Distribution Service (DDS) systems, defines standards that enable applications running on heterogeneous platforms to control various QoS policies in a net-centric system. Notably, a number of DDS standards are comparable to those for High Performance Computing (HPC) systems. In this research, we present a comprehensive survey of the studies exploring the reliability factors of distributed computing in general and the Real Time Publish-Subscribe (RTPS) models for HPC and Grid computing in particular. We then investigate the QoS and reliability measures on the different HPC layers, such as the high speed interconnects and the diskless HPC. Finally, we present our model of incorporating DDS QoS and reliability controls into HPC. Our results show that DDS integration into HPC adds considerable overheard in terms of performance and network utilization when the application is mainly communication-bound, while the performance is comparable to those MPI-based applications when the program is computation-bound. In both cases, the solution is a viable option for those applications in which QoS is considered a priority, or for those HPC batch jobs that would run on commodity hardware, where the probability of failure is not negligible.
The acute effects of Montbretin A (MbA), an á‐glucosidase inhibitor, on plasma glucose levels in the Zucker Diabetic Fatty rat (2012)

Postprandial hyperglycemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients. Acarbose and Miglitol, current therapeutic α‐glucosidase inhibitors, reduce postprandial hyperglycemia but, due to side effects, are not well tolerated. Research is ongoing to develop products that will minimize side effects and improve patient compliance. MbA, a purified glycosylated acyl flavonol, was isolated from extracts of the plant, Crocosmia crocomiflora. In vitro studies have shown MbA to be an inhibitor of both exquisite specificity and affinity for human pancreatic α‐amylase. The objective of this study was to determine if MbA was an orally effective glucose lowering agent in an animal model of type 2 diabetes. Animals were challenged with a starch load (2 g/kg) immediately followed by MbA (dose range: 0.5 to 10 mg/kg) administered by oral gavage. Plasma glucose levels were measured immediately prior to and at 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes post‐administration. Acarbose 10 mg/kg was used as a control for glucose response. MbA prevented the starch‐induced increase in glucose levels at doses greater than 5 mg/kg. MbA (10 mg/kg) reduced plasma glucose levels by 38±3% as compared to 26±2% for acarbose in fatty treated animals. These data show that MbA was effective in lowering plasma glucose levels in vivo . Future studies will examine the chronic effects of oral MbA treatment on diabetes mellitus. Supported by CDRD and CIHR.
A reconfigurable shared scan-in architecture (2003)

In this paper, an efficient technique for test data volume reduction based on the shared scan-in (Illinois Scan) architecture and the scan chain reconfiguration (Dynamic Scan) architecture is defined. The composite architecture is created with analysis that relies on the compatibility relation of scan chains. Topological analysis and compatibility analysis are used to maximize gains in test data volume and test application time. The goal of the proposed synthesis procedure is to test all detectable faults in broadcast test mode using minimum scan-chain configurations. As a result, more aggressive sharing of scan inputs can be applied for test data volume and test application time reduction. The experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed architecture for real-industrial circuits.
Propagation of 2-ps solitons through 100 km of standard fiber with temporal and spectral compensation by NOLMs and optical filters (1998)

Summary form only given. We demonstrate propagation of 2-ps solitons through 100 km of standard fiber with erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) positioned every 25 km, recovering the input pulse width and spectral characteristics. We find that periodically placed optical bandpass filters and nonlinear optical loop mirrors (NOLMs) compensate for soliton self-frequency shift (SSFS), reject the accumulated dispersive wave, and self-time-gate the solitons.
Synaptotagmin Binding to Botulinum Neurotoxins (2019)

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are exceptionally toxic proteins that cause paralysis but are also extensively used as treatment for various medical conditions. Most BoNTs bind two receptors on neuronal cells, namely, a ganglioside and a protein receptor. Differences in the sequence between the protein receptors from different species can impact the binding affinity and toxicity of the BoNTs. Here we have investigated how BoNT/B, /DC, and /G, all three toxins that utilize synaptotagmin I and II (Syt-I and Syt-II, respectively) as their protein receptors, bind to Syt-I and -II of mouse/rat, bovine, and human origin by isothermal titration calorimetry analysis. BoNT/G had the highest affinity for human Syt-I, and BoNT/DC had the highest affinity for bovine Syt-II. As expected, BoNT/B, /DC, and /G showed very low levels of binding to human Syt-II. Furthermore, we carried out saturation transfer difference (STD) and STD-TOCSY NMR experiments that revealed the region of the Syt peptide in direct contact with BoNT/G, which demonstrate that BoNT/G recognizes the Syt peptide in a model similar to that in the established BoNT/B-Syt-II complex. Our analyses also revealed that regions outside the Syt peptide's toxin-binding region are important for the helicity of the peptide and, therefore, the binding affinity.
Synthesis and Biochemical Evaluation of Baicalein Prodrugs (2021)

Baicalein (5,6,7-trihydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one), a flavonoid analog from <i>Scutellaria baicalensis</i>, possesses several pharmacological activities including antioxidant, antiproliferative, and anti-inflammatory activities. We previously reported that baicalein inhibits the thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP)/TSLP receptor (TSLPR) signaling pathways and can be used as an active ingredient in the treatment of asthma and atopic dermatitis. However, baicalein is rapidly metabolized to baicalin and baicalein-6-<i>O</i>-glucuronide in vivo, which limits its preclinical and clinical use. In this study, we designed, synthesized, and evaluated baicalein prodrugs that protect the OH group at the 7-position of the A ring in baicalein with the amino acid carbamate functional group. Comprehensive in vitro and in vivo studies identified compound <b>2</b> as a baicalein prodrug candidate that improved the plasma exposure of baicalein in mouse animal studies. Our results demonstrated that this prodrug approach could be further adopted to discover oral baicalein prodrugs.
Converting methane by chlorine-catalyzed oxidative pyrolysis (1987)

The author explains the Chlorine-Catalyzed Oxidative-Pyrolysis (CCOP) process developed in his laboratory. CCOP avoids the formation of carbonaceous deposits while achieving high yields for acetylene and ethylene at high conversions of methane. This is accomplished by pyrolyzing chlorinated methanes in the presence of oxygen. This article presents experimental data acquired in a bench-scale pyrolysis of CH/sub 3/Cl in the presence and absence of O/sub 2/, illustrating the merits of the CCOP process.
Isolation and characterization of thrombin-activated human factor VIII. (1994)

Recombinant human factor VIII (fVIII) was activated by thrombin at pH 7.4, followed by CM-Sepharose chromatography at pH values ranging from 3.5 to 7.4. Optimal coagulant activity was recovered at pH 5.5 and was associated with the isolation of an A1/A2/A3-C1-C2 heterotrimer. The activity was stable at -80 degrees C, but decayed slowly (t1/2 approximately 1 week) and nonproteolytically at room temperature or 4 degrees C. The coagulant activity of the pH 5.5 fVIIIa preparation assayed in human hemophilia A plasma was only 20% that of porcine factor VIIIa. However, its activity was approximately 75% that of porcine fVIIIa in a plasma-free assay, indicating that human fVIIIa is unstable relative to porcine fVIIIa during the coagulation assay. The first-order rate constant for spontaneous, nonproteolytic loss of activity of human fVIIIa at pH 7.4 was decreased 8-fold by fIXa and phospholipid, indicating that human fVIIIa is stabilized when incorporated into the intrinsic pathway factor X activation complex.