gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract LB-173: Early detection of pancreatic cancer using a new 5-gene classifier (2014)

Abstract Background: Largely due to late diagnosis when curative resection is no longer possible, Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease marked by a mortality rate nearly equivalent to its incidence rate. While serum CA19-9 is associated with PDAC, it lacks the sensitivity and specificity needed for early and accurate diagnosis. Thus, early diagnosis of PDAC is critical to improving survival for PDAC patients and for accurate PDAC risk stratification. Methods: We have identified key PDAC biomarkers through an optimized meta-analysis strategy of raw data (training sets). From this analysis, the top ranking genes that distinguish PDAC from normal pancreas were selected through statistical significance comparison of the consistency in differential PDAC gene expression across studies. The biomarker panel with the highest sensitivity and specificity in the training sets was chosen for assessment of predictive power in nine independent validation datasets. For a subset of genes in the panel, immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis was performed in human PDAC and pancreatitis to validate our panel. Results and Conclusions: We have identified a 5-gene classifier panel with specificity of 88.9% and sensitivity of 100% with an overall accuracy of 93.3% and AUC of 0.94 for discriminating PDAC from non-malignant (normal or pancreatitis) tissue. IHC analysis of two of the proteins confirmed enhanced expression in PDAC cells. Cell-based experiments demonstrated that both proteins enhance migration and invasion of PDAC cells as well as soft agar growth indicating that they may be causative in PDAC. The 5-gene predictor discriminated PDAC from healthy controls, as well as pancreatitis, with highest accuracy in nine independent validation sets. Our identified PDAC panel may facilitate early diagnosis and improve risk-stratification. Citation Format: Manoj Bhasin, Andrea Bullock, Xuesong Gu, Octavian Bucur, Robert Najarian, Jon Cody Haines, Karl Ruping, Rebecca Miksad, Towia Libermann, Roya Khosravi-Far. Early detection of pancreatic cancer using a new 5-gene classifier. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-173. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-173
Recent Advances in Relative Amplitude 3D Seismic Data Processing (1993)

The amplitude of seismic reflections contains valuable information about the subsurface of the earth and careful processing of the data Is essential to preserve it. During the last few years there has been important progress in the acquisition and processing of seismic data to increase the reliability of seismic amplitude. Relative amplitude processing is adding valuable information to the understanding of hydrocarbon reservoirs, complementing traveltime Information, and leading to a unified, more consistent geologic Interpretation when integrated to other non-seismic information. Our paper discusses three significant new developments in relative amplitude processing of 3-D seismic data: surface- and subsurfaceconsistent amplitude processing in the presence of noise, dynamic amplitude decomposition of transmission effects, and dip moveout (DMO) equalization. Together they increase the quality of the seismic 3-D image and provide more reliable amplitude information for interpretation. Surface- and subsurface-consistent amplitude processing identifies and corrects for the. variability introduced by the instrumentation and for near surface distortions. Dynamic amplitude decomposition identifies and compensates distortions introduced by the cumulative effects of wave propagation, in particular transmission losses in the overburden. DMO is a powerful technique that has become standard during seismic data processing. DMO maps the energy to zero source-to-receiver distance, decreasing the dependence of traveltimes on offset, therefore improving the quality of the seismic stacked section. An important aspect of DMO that is often of crucial importance in everyday seismic data processing is the effect of sparse or irregular spatial sampling on DMO-processed data. I DMO equalization is an efficient process based on the decomposition of DMO ihto its constituent dip components that accounts for the effects of irregular spatial sampling for both flat and dipping events, minimizing amplitude distortions related to the acquisition geometry.
To swing or not to swing (2008)

Web textual advertising can be interpreted as a search problem over the corpus of ads available for display in a particular context. In contrast to conventional information retrieval systems, which always return results if the corpus contains any documents lexically related to the query, in Web advertising it is acceptable, and occasionally even desirable, not to show any results. When no ads are relevant to the user's interests, then showing irrelevant ads should be avoided since they annoy the user and produce no economic benefit. In this paper we pose a decision problem to swing, that is, whether or not to show any of the ads for the incoming request. We propose two methods for addressing this problem, a simple thresholding approach and a machine learning approach, which collectively analyzes the set of candidate ads augmented with external knowledge. Our experimental evaluation, based on over 28,000 editorial judgments, shows that we are able to predict, with high accuracy, when to swing for both content match and sponsored search advertising.
Using a lattice algorithm to estimate the Kalman gain vector in fast Newton-type adaptive filtering (2002)

We consider a recursive least squares (RLS) adaptive filtering problem where the input signal can be modelled as the output of a low order autoregressive (AR) process. We show how a good estimate of the Kalman gain vector can be obtained using a small least squares lattice (LSL) filter. This estimate can then be used in the normal way to determine the optimum filter coefficients. The resulting adaptive filtering algorithm is similar in concept to the fast Newton algorithm. The main difference is the use of the LSL instead of a low order covariance domain fast RLS algorithm. The potential advantage of this new algorithm is that, unlike a covariance domain algorithm, a LSL can be implemented in a numerically stable form.
Efficacy and Safety of Doxepin 1 mg, 3 mg, and 6 mg in Elderly Patients With Primary Insomnia (2008)

In this 2-night study of elderly adults with primary insomnia, doxepin doses of 1 mg, 3 mg, and 6 mg were well tolerated and produced significant improvement in objective and subjective sleep maintenance and duration endpoints that persisted into the final hour of the night. Positive effects on patient-reported sleep onset were observed at the highest dose. All 3 doxepin doses had a safety profile comparable to placebo. These data demonstrate that doxepin was efficacious in improving sleep in elderly adults.
An ontology-based fault generation and fault propagation analysis approach for safety-critical computer systems at the design stage (2022)

Abstract Fault propagation analysis is a process used to determine the consequences of faults residing in a computer system. A typical computer system consists of diverse components (e.g., electronic and software components), thus, the faults contained in these components tend to possess diverse characteristics. How to describe and model such diverse faults, and further determine fault propagation through different components are challenging problems to be addressed in the fault propagation analysis. This paper proposes an ontology-based approach, which is an integrated method allowing for the generation, injection, and propagation through inference of diverse faults at an early stage of the design of a computer system. The results generated by the proposed framework can verify system robustness and identify safety and reliability risks with limited design level information. In this paper, we propose an ontological framework and its application to analyze an example safety-critical computer system. The analysis result shows that the proposed framework is capable of inferring fault propagation paths through software and hardware components and is effective in predicting the impact of faults.
Parallel Stochastic Gradient Descent with Sound Combiners (2017)

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a well known method for regression and classification tasks. However, it is an inherently sequential algorithm at each step, the processing of the current example depends on the parameters learned from the previous examples. Prior approaches to parallelizing linear learners using SGD, such as HOGWILD! and ALLREDUCE, do not honor these dependencies across threads and thus can potentially suffer poor convergence rates and/or poor scalability. This paper proposes SYMSGD, a parallel SGD algorithm that, to a first-order approximation, retains the sequential semantics of SGD. Each thread learns a local model in addition to a model combiner, which allows local models to be combined to produce the same result as what a sequential SGD would have produced. This paper evaluates SYMSGD's accuracy and performance on 6 datasets on a shared-memory machine shows upto 11x speedup over our heavily optimized sequential baseline on 16 cores and 2.2x, on average, faster than HOGWILD!.
Antimycotic azoles. 6. Synthesis and antifungal properties of terconazole, a novel triazole ketal (1983)

The preparation and antifungal properties of cis-1-[4-[[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1, 3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy]phenyl]-4-(1-methylethyl)piperazine are reported. Terconazole has a high topical in vivo activity against vaginal candidosis in rats and against dermatophytosis in guinea pigs.
Reaction-Based Probes for Imaging Mobile Zinc in Live Cells and Tissues (2015)

Chelatable, or mobile, forms of zinc play critical signaling roles in numerous biological processes. Elucidating the action of mobile Zn(II) in complex biological environments requires sensitive tools for visualizing, tracking, and manipulating Zn(II) ions. A large toolbox of synthetic photoinduced electron transfer (PET)-based fluorescent Zn(II) sensors are available, but the applicability of many of these probes is limited by poor zinc sensitivity and low dynamic ranges owing to proton interference. We present here a general approach for acetylating PET-based probes containing a variety of fluorophores and zinc-binding units. The new sensors provide substantially improved zinc sensitivity and allow for incubation of live cells and tissue slices with nM probe concentrations, a significant improvement compared to the μM concentrations that are typically required for a measurable fluorescence signal. Acetylation effectively reduces or completely quenches background fluorescence in the metal-free sensor. Binding of Zn(II) selectively and quickly mediates hydrolytic cleavage of the acetyl groups, providing a large fluorescence response. An acetylated blue coumarin-based sensor was used to carry out detailed analyses of metal binding and metal-promoted acetyl hydrolysis. Acetylated benzoresorufin-based red-emitting probes with different zinc-binding sites are effective for sensing Zn(II) ions in live cells when applied at low concentrations (∼50-100 nM). We used green diacetylated Zinpyr1 (DA-ZP1) to image endogenous mobile Zn(II) in the molecular layer of mouse dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN), confirming that acetylation is a suitable approach for preparing sensors that are highly specific and sensitive to mobile zinc in biological systems.
On-chip jitter and oscilloscope circuits using an asynchronous sample clock (2008)

We demonstrate digital circuits for measuring the jitter histograms of gigahertz clock and data signals. The circuits do not require calibration, and an asynchronous sampling technique alleviates the need for an on-chip sample clock generator with delay control. We combine measurements across swept reference voltages to create statistical clock signal and eye diagram waveforms at 6GHz and 5Gbit/s, respectively. The proposed technique produced RMS jitter measurements of 2.0ps on clock signals and 6.2ps on random data signals.
Table Filling Multi-Task Recurrent Neural Network for Joint Entity and Relation Extraction (2016)

This paper proposes a novel context-aware joint entity and word-level relation extraction approach through semantic composition of words, introducing a Table Filling Multi-Task Recurrent Neural Network (TF-MTRNN) model that reduces the entity recognition and relation classification tasks to a table-filling problem and models their interdependencies. The proposed neural network architecture is capable of modeling multiple relation instances without knowing the corresponding relation arguments in a sentence. The experimental results show that a simple approach of piggybacking candidate entities to model the label dependencies from relations to entities improves performance. We present state-of-the-art results with improvements of 2.0% and 2.7% for entity recognition and relation classification, respectively on CoNLL04 dataset.
Automatic measurement of quality metrics for colonoscopy videos (2005)

Colonoscopy is the accepted screening method for detection of colorectal cancer or its precursor lesions, colorectal polyps. Indeed, colonoscopy has contributed to a decline in the number of colorectal cancer related deaths. However, not all cancers or large polyps are detected at the time of colonoscopy, and methods to investigate why this occurs are needed. We present a new computer-based method that allows automated measurement of a number of metrics that likely reflect the quality of the colonoscopic procedure. The method is based on analysis of a digitized video file created during colonoscopy, and produces information regarding insertion time, withdrawal time, images at the time of maximal intubation, the time and ratio of clear versus blurred or non-informative images, and a first estimate of effort performed by the endoscopist. As these metrics can be obtained automatically, our method allows future quality control in the day-to-day medical practice setting on a large scale. In addition, our method can be adapted to other healthcare procedures. Last but not least, our method may be useful to assess progress during colonoscopy training, or as part of endoscopic skills assessment evaluations.
A Heparin Sulfate-Regulated Human Keratinocyte Autocrine Factor Is Similar or Identical to Amphiregulin (1991)

A novel human keratinocyte-derived autocrine factor (KAF) was purified from conditioned medium by using heparin affinity chromatography as the first step. Purified KAF stimulated the growth of normal human keratinocytes, mouse AKR-2B cells, and a mouse keratinocyte cell line (BALB/MK). Heparin sulfate inhibited KAF mitogenic activity on all cell types tested and inhibited the ability of KAF to compete with epidermal growth factor for cell surface binding. Interestingly, KAF stimulated the growth of BALB/MK cells at high cell density but failed to stimulate these cells at clonal density. Protein microsequencing of the first 20 NH2-terminal amino acid residues of purified KAF revealed identity to the NH2 terminus of human amphiregulin (AR). Northern (RNA) blot analysis with AR-specific cRNA demonstrated that human keratinocytes, as well as mammary epithelial cell cultures, expressed high levels of AR mRNA. In contrast, AR mRNA was not detected in normal human fibroblasts or melanocytes and was present at reduced levels in several mammary tumor cell lines. The mitogenic activity of purified AR was also shown to be inhibited by heparin sulfate, and an AR-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) revealed that KAF and AR are antigenically related. We have previously shown that human keratinocytes can grow in an autocrine manner. Our present study demonstrates that one of the growth factors responsible for this autocrine growth (KAF) is similar or identical to AR and that KAF and AR bioactivity can be negatively regulated by heparin sulfate.
SOFTWARE RADIO TECHNOLOGY AND CHALLENGES (2002)

This paper provides an overview of sotSare radio and its current state in the industry. SotSare radio is a technology in which all of the waveform processing, including the physical layer, of a wireless device moves into sot&apos;tware. If designed properly, this approach leads to dramatically improved device flexibility, sot&apos;tware portability, and reduced development costs. Of course, such a technology brings with it numerous challenges, fom hardware components to power constraints to the regulatory environment. KEYWORDS Software radio, wireless communications, interoperability, multi-standard devices, software portability.
Optically pumped semiconductor platelet lasers (1982)

Tunable CW laser action of platelet semiconductors is reported in both mode-locked and unmode-locked configurations. The gain media are platelets of CdS, CdSe, CdSSe, and InGaAsP cooled to 85 K and longitudinally pumped by an argon-ion laser. Antireflection (AR) coating of the crystal face and external bandwidth restriction have been used to generate pulses as short as 4 ps. The pulses observed are chirped, with nontransform limited time-bandwidth products of about 1.7. The energy conversion efficiency is 20 percent into the TEM <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">00</inf> mode, with output powers of over 10 mW from CdS.
FECAL LACTOFERRIN IS A SENSITIVE AND SPECIFIC NON-INVASIVE SURROGATE MARKER FOR THE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF PEDIATRIC INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (2004)

Purpose: Fecal lactoferrin (FLA) is a neutrophil-derived surrogate marker of intestinal inflammation. Elevated FLA levels have been demonstrated in adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Aims: 1) Determine the ability of FLA to reflect disease activity in pediatric patients with inflammatory and non-inflammatory gastrointestinal disease. 2) Determine the correlation between FLA levels and existing biochemical markers of intestinal inflammation. Methods: Fecal specimens were collected from 148 subjects including 79 with Crohn's disease (CD), 62 with ulcerative colitis (UC), and 7 with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). FLA was measured by ELISA (IBD-SCAN™ TECHLAB®, Inc) and reported as mcg/ml feces. Disease activity was assessed using Harvey Bradshaw (HBAI) and Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Indices (PCDAI). Disease activity was also assessed by Global Physician Assessment (GPA), a derived dichotomous measure that characterizes disease activity based on whether or not a clinician felt a need to alter a subject's medical therapy. Results: Fecal lactoferrin levels were greater in subjects with IBD 1780 ± 326 vs. those with IBS 2.08 ± 0.9 (mean ± SE). The sensitivity and specificity of FLA to distinguish symptomatic subjects with IBD from those with IBS was 95% and 100%, respectively. FLA faithfully discriminated subjects with active IBD, CD, or UC from those with inactive disease (p <0.002) using HBAI, PCDAI, or GPA. Using a Spearman linear regression model, we found highly significant correlations (p <0.0001) between FLA and several commonly used biochemical indices including ESR, hema-tocrit, albumin, and platelet count. ROC analysis demonstrated that FLA outperformed ESR in distinguishing active vs. inactive IBD, UC and CD, but reached statistical significance only in subjects with UC (p = 0.016). FLA levels were significantly higher (1003 ± 547) in 4 subjects that went on to experience a clinical flare in their IBD within two months of specimen collection, relative to 51 subjects that remained in clinical remission (190 ± 90, p = 0.024). Conclusions: Our data confirm FLA as a useful screening tool for detecting IBD in pediatric patients. This non-invasive surrogate marker reflects intestinal disease activity with greater precision than ESR. Elevated levels of FLA may predict patients at greater risk for developing subsequent clinical flares.
Motion Artifact Suppression in Breath Hold 3D Contrast Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Angiography using ECG Ordering (2006)

Vascular pulsation and cardiac motion compromise image quality in contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) in the thorax, resulting in blurring and ghosting artifacts. The use of ECG gating has been proposed in the past to mitigate these artifacts but previous methods suffered from increased scanner time because only a fraction of the cardiac cycle was used for image acquisition and from loss of the study when gating failed. We propose a robust ECG ordering of k-space for breath hold CE-MRA that acquires the central part of k-space in a motion-free portion of diastole and fills in from the periphery of k-space at all other times. To make maximal use of the contrast enhancement, data is acquired continuously even when the ECG signal is lost. The proposed sequence is shown to allow thoracic and pulmonary MRA with a higher resolution when compared to the conventional gated sequence.
Novel synthesis of a block copolymer consisting of styrene and ethylene by means of active site modification (1990)

A block copolymer consisting of styrene and ethylene with a narrow molecular weight distribution has been synthesized by means of active site modification performed by the addition of tertiary diamines to living poly(styrene).
Total synthesis of (+-)-steganacin (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of (+-)-steganacinAndrew S. Kende and Lanny S. LiebeskindCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 1, 267–268Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00417a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00417a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views538Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Generalized special functions are Majorana-like photons (2020)

Majorana-like photons are introduced from a special function class of vector vortex beams known as cylindrically vector vortex (CVV) beams among them are the Laguerre-Gaussian and Airy beams. These Majorana-like photons and their anti-photons are the same being neutral, massless, and following the state function of a Majorana self-transposed (ψ = ψ∗). A Majorana photon has the characteristic of both in its spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM). They have an inhomogeneous polarization structure and a non-separable state. These Majorana-like photons have various types of applications such as in transmission in bio-media, classical and quantum communication, microscopy among others.