gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lung‐resident <i>γδ</i> T cells and their roles in lung diseases (2017)

γδ T cells are greatly enriched in mucosal and epithelial sites, such as the skin, respiratory, digestive and reproductive tracts, and they are defined as tissue-resident immune cells. In these tissues, the characteristics and biological roles of γδ T cells are distinguished from each other. The lungs represent the most challenging immunological dilemma for the host, and they have their own effective immune system. The abundance of γδ T cells, an estimated 8-20% of resident pulmonary lymphocytes in the lung, maintains lung tissue homeostasis. In this review, we summarize the recent research progress regarding lung-resident γδ T cells, including their development, residency and immune characteristics, and discuss the involvement of γδ T cells in infectious diseases of the lung, including bacterial, viral and fungal infections; lung allergic disease; lung inflammation and fibrosis; and lung cancer.
Decreased Jun-D and myogenin expression in muscle wasting of human cachexia (2009)

Muscle wasting is a critical feature of patients afflicted by acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), cancer, or chronic inflammatory diseases. In a mouse model of muscle wasting, TNF-alpha induces oxidative stress and nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS2) and decreases myogenin, Jun-D, and creatinine kinase muscle isoform (CKM) expression. Here, we studied 12 patients with muscle wasting due to cancer (N = 10) or AIDS (N = 2) and 4 control subjects. We show that in skeletal muscle of cachectic patients there is 1) increased expression and activity of the TNF-alpha signaling, including TNF-alpha mRNA, activation of TNFR1, and TNF-alpha-associated to TNFR1; 2) increased oxidative stress, as determined by the presence of malondialdehyde-lysine adducts; 3) increased NOS2 mRNA and protein; 4) decreased expression of Jun-D, myogenin, myosin, and CKM mRNA and protein; 5) impaired CKM-E box binding activities, associated with decreased Jun-D/myogenin activities; and 6) oxidative modification and ubiquitination of Jun-D. These studies show that these molecular pathways are modulated in association with muscle wasting in patients with cancer or AIDS, and whether or not they cause muscle wasting remains to be determined.
Peer Reviewed: Molecular Micelles: Novel Pseudostationary Phases for CE (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVFeatureNEXTPeer Reviewed: Molecular Micelles: Novel Pseudostationary Phases for CEPolymeric materials that can solvate compounds in much the same way as micelles provide an attractive alternative to conventional surfactant micelles as separation carriers.Shahab A. Shamsi, Christopher P. Palmer, and Isiah M. WarnerCite this: Anal. Chem. 2001, 73, 5, 140 A–149 APublication Date (Web):March 1, 2001Publication History Published online1 March 2001Published inissue 1 March 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac012412bhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ac012412bnewsACS Publications. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views690Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (75 MB) Get e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Micelles Get e-Alerts
Validation of the CO2 rebreathing method for measuring cardiac output in patients with hypertension or heart failure. (1976)

The CO2 rebreathing method, a noninvasive indirect Fick procedure, has been previously validated in normal subjects at supine rest and during exercise. In the present study 29 nearly simultaneous measurements of cardiac output were made by CO2 rebreathing and dye dilution in 17 patients with cardiovascular disease, 11 with hypertension, and six with congestive heart failure. Cardiac output at supine rest averaged 5.52 +/- 0.31 L. per minute by CO2 and 5.62 +/- 0.32 L. per minute by dye dilution (r = 0.93). Successive cardiac output measurements by rebreathing varied 6.0 +/- 1.1 per cent (r = 0.96) and by dye dilution, 6.5 +/- 0.9 per cent. Changes in cardiac output during exercise or after beta-adrenergic blockade were reflected by the CO2 method. It is concluded that the CO2 method provides reliable measurements of cardiac output both at rest and during exercise in patients with hypertension or congestive heart failure. Further validation of the method is needed in various disease states before it can be widely applied.
Obesity in Male and Female Rhesus Monkeys: Fat Distribution, Glucoregulation, and Serum Androgen Level* (1989)

Obese (n = 8) and nonobese (n = 6) adult rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were assessed in terms of body size and distribution of body fat, glucose tolerance, and serum lipid, insulin, and androgen levels. The weights of the obese monkeys were more than 2 SD above the mean for their sex, while the nonobese monkeys averaged less than 0.25 SD from the mean. Obese males and females had excess body fat located predominantly in the abdominal region; abdominal circumference was highly correlated with total body fat, as estimated by the isotope dilution method (r = 0.98; P less than 0.001). Obese monkeys of both sexes had fasting hyperinsulinemia, greater insulin response to iv glucose administration, and marginally impaired glucose tolerance. Obese males had delayed maximal insulin response to glucose administration. Fasting serum triglycerides also were elevated in the obese monkeys (0.95 +/- 0.08 vs. 0.47 +/- 0.05 mmol/L; P less than 0.001). Obese males had lower serum dihydrotestosterone levels than nonobese males (3.1 +/- 0.7 vs. 5.6 +/- 0.4 nmol/L; P less than 0.01). Nonobese females had approximately 2-fold higher serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels than the other groups. We conclude that obese male and female rhesus monkeys have patterns of fat distribution and glucoregulatory abnormalities similar to those of humans with upper body obesity. The contribution of differences in androgen metabolism to the development of obesity and its complications in rhesus monkeys remain to be defined.
High-Precision Relative Depth and Subsidence Mapping From Seafloor Water-Pressure Measurements (2006)

Summary A method to accurately measure seafloor subsidence away from platform locations is presented. The method is based on seafloor water pressure, which is measured on top of predeployed benchmarks visited one after another using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) and is at the same time measured continuously throughout the survey at one or more reference locations. Because no significant subsidence is expected during a few days of data acquisition, high-precision relative depths representative for the average time of the survey can be obtained. Accurate subsidence estimates between seafloor surveys are found assuming negligible subsidence at benchmarks located outside the field. Results from six seafloor surveys performed at two gas fields in the North Sea are presented. For an area of 1 km2 at 80 m water depth, single-measurement relative depth precision (standard deviation) of 0.4 cm was obtained. Correspondingly, for an area of 700 km2 at 295 to 345 m water depth, 0.6 cm was obtained. Single-station subsidence accuracy down to 1 cm is achieved from the two most recent pressure surveys at the large field. A subsidence signal is seen for this difference, and it is compared with modeled subsidence. Error budgets for depth precision and subsidence, incorporating instrumental and environmental errors, are discussed.
Exploring Phonological Areality in the Circum-Andean Region Using a Naive Bayes Classifier (2014)

This paper describes the Core and Periphery technique: a quantitative method for exploring areality that uses a naive Bayes classifier, a statistical tool for inferring class membership based on training sets assembled from members of the classes in question. The Core and Periphery technique is applied to the exploration of phonological areality in the Andes and surrounding lowland regions, based on the South American Phonological Inventory Database (SAPhon 1.1.3; Michael et al., 2013). Evidence is found for a phonological area centering on the Andean highlands, and extending to parts of the northern and central Andean foothills regions, the Chaco, and Patagonia. Evidence is also found for Southern and North-Central phonological sub-areas within this larger phonological area.
Lighting quality research using rendered images of offices (2005)

Forty participants viewed a series of high-quality, computer-rendered colour images of a typical open-plan partitioned office, and rated them for attractiveness. The images were projected at realistic luminances and 33% of full size. The images were geometrically identical, but the outputs of four lighting circuits depicted in the renderings were independently manipulated. Initially, the lighting circuit outputs were random, but a genetic algorithm was used to generate new images that retained features of prior, highly-rated, images. As a result, the images converged on an individual’s preferred scene. Luminances in the preferred image were similar to preferred luminances chosen by people in real settings. A sub-set of images was rated on Brightness, Non-Uniformity and Attraction scales. Ratings were significantly related to simple photometric descriptors of the images. In particular, around 50% of the variance in Attraction ratings was predicted by average image luminance and its square, or by average image luminance and a measure of luminance variability.
Transcriptional profiling of cell lines derived from an orthotopic pancreatic tumor model reveals metastasis-associated genes. (2002)

In order to identify genes associated with metastasis of ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma we investigated pancreatic tumor cell lines derived from an orthotopic pancreatic tumor model in SCID mice. Transcriptional profiling (Affymetrix Gene Chip Technology) was performed with cell lines derived from the primary tumor and metastatic lesions such as mesentery, liver and lungs. We scored for genes commonly deregulated in the cell lines derived from the metastatic lesions. Of 7070 genes investigated, 59 (0.83%) were found to be deregulated in the cell lines derived from the metastatic lesions. We grouped these genes into different categories such as transcription, translation, cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, chromosome instability, tumor suppressor genes, enzymes and "others". The most remarkable features of the system are the up-regulation of high mobility group protein HMG-I (Y), twenty-one ribosomal proteins, GAPDH and the laminin receptor in the cell lines derived from the metastatic lesions, whereas tumor suppressor genes such as maspin and RB1 were down-regulated. Inhibition or reconstitution of the activity of these targets are an emerging strategy for inhibition of metastasis in this system.
Synthesis and Bioactivity of Quinoline‐3‐carboxamide Derivatives (2018)

Twelve novel substituted 2‐chloroquinoline‐3‐carboxamide derivatives were prepared from acetanilides using the Vilsmeier–Haack reaction, producing 2‐chloro‐3‐carbaldehyde quinolines, followed by oxidation of the 3‐carbaldehyde to the carboxylic acid and coupling this group with various anilines. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by NMR, mass spectrometry, and single crystal X‐ray diffraction. The chemical shifts of H‐5 and H‐8 were shown to be influenced by the substituent at C‐6. The substituent at C‐6 was also seen to affect the chemical shift of C‐5, C‐7, and C‐8, with C‐5 and C‐7 being more shielded in 5j (F substituted) in comparison with 5g (Cl substituted) and 5d (CH 3 substituted). The compounds showed weak activity in the mM range against Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria of which 5b , 5d , and 5f showed the best activity with minimum bactericidal concentration values for 5b being 3.79 mM against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus and 5d and 5f having minimum bactericidal concentration values of 3.77 and 1.79 mM against S. aureus ATCC 25923, respectively.
Google cloud messaging (GCM): An evaluation (2014)

This paper presents a survey on the timing performance of Google Cloud Messaging (GCM). We evaluate GCM in real world experiments, and at a reasonable scale involving thousands of real users. Our findings reveal that the GCM message delivery is unpredictable, namely having a reliable connection to Google's GCM servers on the client device does not guarantee a timely message arrival. Therefore, GCM is not suitable for time sensitive and/or "must-deliver-to-all" app scenarios. On the other hand, GCM delivers the push messages to a big portion of the subscribers (more than 40% in any experiment scenario) in a reasonable timeframe (in 10 seconds). Therefore, GCM may be a good fit for the application scenarios where random multicasting is sufficient, such as crowdsourcing systems. Our results provide a through evaluation of the GCM performance, and will guide developers and researchers to decide whether GCM is suitable for their intended use cases.
Macromolecular organization of human centromeric regions reveals high-frequency, polymorphic macro DNA repeats. (1989)

To analyze the macromolecular organization of human centromeric regions, we used alpha-satellite, or alphoid, repetitive DNA sequences specific to the centromeres of human chromosomes 6 (D6Z1), X (XC), and Y (YC-2) and the technique of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Genomic DNA from 24 normal, unrelated individuals was digested and separated into fragments ranging from 23 kilobases (kb) to 2 megabases (Mb) in length. Digestion with 12 different restriction enzymes with 4- to 8-base-pair recognition sequences and hybridization with alphoid sequences revealed chromosome-specific hybridization patterns. Similarities in the organization of the centromeric regions of the three chromosomes included NotI, SfiI, and SalI fragments of greater than 2 Mb and Sau3A1 and Alu I fragments of less than 150 kb. Each restriction enzyme with a 6-base-pair recognition sequence (Ava II, BamHI, HindIII, Hpa I, Pst I, Sal I, Sst I, and Xba I) detected polymorphic DNA fragments of 50 kb to 2 Mb. Forty percent or more of the individuals screened revealed a unique hybridization pattern with these enzymes and at least one of the three chromosome-specific alphoid probes. Five individuals differed from one another in hybridization pattern for each of the three enzymes HindIII, HpaI, and SstI and for each of the three centromeric probes. All 24 individuals could be distinguished on the basis of unique hybridization patterns with only two enzymes and one chromosome-specific alphoid probe. Family studies showed that these polymorphisms are inherited. The high frequency of these macro restriction fragment length polymorphisms illustrates the high degree of variability of the centromeric region among normal individuals and demonstrates its usefulness for DNA fingerprinting and pericentromeric mapping by linkage analysis.
Managing On-Demand Sensing Resources in IoT Cloud Systems (2016)

The changes in software development and operation for Internet of Things (IoT) and the increasing integration between IoT and cloud systems have fostered on-demand sensing re-sources deployment for advanced applications. Such a deployment relies on various software sensors and dependent components that can be pulled from repositories and marketplaces to establish on-demand resources for sensing. To enable the utilization of such resources in a pay-per-use fashion and to reduce operational costs, in this paper, we provide dynamic up-to-date information about sensing resources at runtime to support applications to deal with dynamic changes of requirements, such as changing communication protocols between IoT devices and cloud systems, launching and activating sensors, or changing cloud services to support sensing data. Our approach is to collect and correlate both static and runtime information from different software stacks of sensing resources in the existence of the diversity, dynamism and large-scale associated with IoT cloud systems. To this end, we develop a framework for collecting, managing and provisioning information of on-demand sensing resources. We design and implement a rich set of data collectors and a middleware to gather information through different phases in the lifecycle of sensing resources. We demonstrate the extensibility, flexibility and usefulness of our framework with several examples.
A pilot study on the diagnostic value of high resolution microendoscopy for colorectal cancer (2016)

Objective 　To summarize the image feature of normal colorectal mucosa and colorectal cancer tissues based on high-resolution microendoscopy (HRME), and evaluate the feasibility of HRME in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Methods 　Twelve colorectal cancer surgical specimens confirmed by pathology and 56 biopsy specimens from colorectal lesions by conventional endoscopy were selected for the study. The normal mucosa and colorectal cancer tissue were imaging-observed to establish the HRME-diagnostic criteria of the normal mucosa and colorectal cancer tissues taking pathological diagnosis as the gold standard. According to the established criteria, the 56 biopsy specimens of colorectal lesions were HRME-imaged, and the prediagnosis was made. The prediagnosis result was compared with the pathological results for evaluating the diagnostic value of HRME. Results 　In the prospective study of 56 colorectal lesion specimens, 25 patients were diagnosed with cancer by HRME, of which 21 cases were confirmed by pathological examination. 31 specimens were diagnosed as non-cancerous tissues by HRME, and 29 were confirmed by pathology. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of HRME in diagnosis of colorectal cancer were 91.3%, 87.9%, 89.3%, 84.0%, 93.5% respectively. The Kappa value was 0.78. Conclusions 　HRME can distinguish cancerous lesion from non-cancerous colon tissue, and have good consistency with pathological diagnosis, thus is of good prospects in terms of guidance for biopsy and diagnosis of colon cancer.
		
		DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2016.09.09
Robust collaborative filtering (2007)

The widespread deployment of recommender systems has lead to user feedback of varying quality. While some users faithfully express their true opinion, many provide noisy ratings which can be detrimental to the quality of the generated recommendations. The presence of noise can violate modeling assumptions and may thus lead to instabilities in estimation and prediction. Even worse, malicious users can deliberately insert attack profiles in an attempt to bias the recommender system to their benefit.Robust statistics is an area within statistics where estimation methods have been developed that deteriorate more gracefully in the presence of unmodeled noise and slight departures from modeling assumptions. In this work, we study how such robust statistical methods, in particular M-estimators, can be used to generate stable recommendation even in the presence of noise and spam. To that extent, we present a Robust Matrix Factorization algorithm and study its stability. We conclude that M-estimators do not add significant stability to recommendation; however the presented algorithm can outperform existing recommendation algorithms in its recommendation quality.
Radioprotective Agents: Strategies and Translational Advances (2016)

Radioprotectors are agents required to protect biological system exposed to radiation, either naturally or through radiation leakage, and they protect normal cells from radiation injury in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. It is imperative to study radioprotectors and their mechanism of action comprehensively, looking at their potential therapeutic applications. This review intimately chronicles the rich intellectual, pharmacological story of natural and synthetic radioprotectors. A continuous effort is going on by researchers to develop clinically promising radioprotective agents. In this article, for the first time we have discussed the impact of radioprotectors on different signaling pathways in cells, which will create a basis for scientific community working in this area to develop novel molecules with better therapeutic efficacy. The bright future of exceptionally noncytotoxic derivatives of bisbenzimidazoles is also described as radiomodulators. Amifostine, an effective radioprotectant, has been approved by the FDA for limited clinical use. However, due to its adverse side effects, it is not routinely used clinically. Recently, CBLB502 and several analog of a peptide are under clinical trial and showed high success against radiotherapy in cancer. This article reviews the different types of radioprotective agents with emphasis on the strategies for the development of novel radioprotectors for drug development. In addition, direction for future strategies relevant to the development of radioprotectors is also addressed.
RPL applicability in industrial networks (2013)

The wide deployment of wireless devices, with their low installed cost
(compared to wired devices), will significantly improve the
productivity and safety of industrial plants. It will simultaneously
increase the efficiency and safety of the plant's workers, by
extending and making more timely the information set available about
plant operations. The new Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy
Networks (RPL) defines a Distance Vector protocol that is designed for
such networks. The aim of this document is to analyze the
applicability of that routing protocol in industrial LLNs formed of
field devices.
Transverse Beam Profile Imaging of Few-Micrometer Beam Sizes Based on a Scintillator Screen (2016)

Standard beam profile measurements of high-brightness electron beams based on optical transition radiation (OTR) may be hampered by coherence effects induced by the micro-bunching instability which render a direct beam imaging impossible. As consequence, for modern linac based 4th generation light sources as the European XFEL which is currently under construction in Hamburg, transverse beam profile measurements are based on scintillating screen monitors. However, the resolution of a scintillator based monitor is limited due to intrinsic material properties and the observation geometry [*,**]. In this report we present the results of beam size measurements in the order of a few microns using a LYSO:Ce scintillator and discuss the possible achievable resolution.
Mutual Flocculation of Algae and Clay: Evidence and Implications (1982)

Algae-clay aggregates were formed when algal and clay suspensions were mixed in the presence of an electrolyte. The maximum ratio of clay to algae in the aggregates was 1.7, 0.2, and 0.03 milligrams of clay per milligram of algae (wet weight) for Anabaena, Chlamydomonas, and Chlorella sp., respectively. The aggregates formed at Ca(2+) concentrations higher than 5 x 10(-4)M or Na(+) concentrations higher than 2 x 10(-2). The mutualf flocculation and subsequent sedimentation have many practical and ecological implications for bodies of water.