gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Off-shore wind farm grid connection using a novel diode-rectifier and VSC-inverter based HVDC transmission link (2011)

This paper carries out a technical feasibility study on the use of HVDC diode based rectifiers for the connection of large off-shore wind farms, together with an on-shore voltage source converter. An integrated control technique for the overall system is developed and validated by means of PSCAD simulation of the distributed wind farm together with the complete HVDC link. The presented results show an adequate distributed control of the off-shore ac-grid voltage and frequency. Moreover, the proposed system shows good behavior during solid three phase faults at the on-shore connection point. It is concluded that the proposed topology is a technically feasible solution for the connection of large off-shore wind farms.
Honey and a Mixture of Honey, Beeswax, and Olive Oil–Propolis Extract in Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study (2012)

In spite of being one of the most investigated subjects among supportive care in cancer, no therapy has been found effective in treatment of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. Based on the observations that honey bees products have anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects, the present study tried to evaluate the effect of topical application of honey and a mixture of honey, olive oil-propolis extract, and beeswax (HOPE) in treatment of oral mucositis. This was a randomized controlled clinical trial conducted on 90 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and oral mucositis grades 2 and 3. The mean age of enrolled patients was 6.9 years. The patients were assigned into 3 equal treatment groups: Honey, HOPE, and control groups. Topical treatment for each patient consists of honey, HOPE, and benzocaine gel for honey, HOPE, and control groups, respectively. Recovery time in grade 2 mucositis was significantly reduced in the honey group as compared with either HOPE or controls (P < .05). In grade 3 mucositis, recovery time did not differ significantly between honey and HOPE (P = 0.61) but compared with controls, healing was faster with either honey or HOPE (P < .01). Generally, in both grades of mucositis, honey produced faster healing than either HOPE or controls (P < .05). Based on our results that showed that honey produced faster healing in patients with grade 2/3 chemotherapy-induced mucositis, we recommend using honey and possibly other bee products and olive oil in future therapeutic trials targeting chemotherapy-induced mucositis.
Thermal stress analysis of tape automated bonding packages and interconnections (1990)

The stresses and strains in tape automated bonding (TAB) assemblies have been studied using a nonlinear three-dimensional finite-element method. Detailed stress distributions in the TAB assembly beam leads, polyimide rings, gold bumps, silicon chips, and solder joints are presented. Due to the flexibility of the beam lead and the unequal thermal expansion and stiffness difference of all the parts of the TAB assembly, the beam lead was subjected to the largest deformation. Bending of the silicon chip and printed circuit board was very small compared with that of the beam lead, because of their much larger section moments of inertia. Due to their small thickness, the TAB beam leads, unlike the case of conventional surface mount technology assemblies, are more likely to fail than the solder joints. There is excellent agreement between the analytically predicted and the experimentally observed failure mechanisms. The results presented should be useful in understanding and designing more reliable advanced surface-mount assemblies.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
L'AMÉLIORATION DES PRATIQUES ÉDUCATIVES CONDUISANT À UNE PLUS GRANDE EFFICACITÉ DES ÉTABLISSEMENTS. Deux études de cas portugais. (2002)

L'article de Lopes da Silva et Gois s'inscrit dans le cadre du projet « Capacity for change and adpatation of schools in the case of effective school improvement » (ESI) finance par l'Union europeenne (Targeted Socio-Economic Research - TSER). Ce programme (Cahiers du SPE, 2000, 1-2, p. 157) a reuni les equipes de recherche de 8 pays europeens (Belgique, Angleterre, Italie, Grece, Espagne, Portugal, Finlande et Pays-Bas) pendant deux ans et demi. Il a fait l'objet d'un rapport en anglaise 2 , coordonne par Gerry Reezigt, et traduit et adapte en francais 3 par Marc Demeuse, Anne Matoul et Regine Denooz. Un texte de presentation generale du projet 4 sera disponible sous peu dans les actes du Quatrieme congres de l'Association des Enseignants-Chercheurs en Sciences de l'Education (AECSE-France). Le texte que nous publions ici presente deux etudes de cas menees par nos collegues portugais, parmi la trentaine qui ont ete realisees par les differentes equipes nationales 5 .
Relationship of seminal plasma interleukin (IL) -8 and IL-6 with semen quality (2001)

The concentration of interleukin (IL) -8 and IL-6 was determined in seminal plasma (SP) samples from 137 randomly chosen subfertile males to evaluate the relationship with other potential parameters of subclinical infection/inflammation such as seminal leukocytes, and with semen quality in a prospective study. All patients were asymptomatic for genital tract infection. A comprehensive semen evaluation included sperm analysis, sperm migration testing, antisperm antibody screening, immunocytochemical round cell differentiation to determine seminal leukocytes counts and the leukocyte ratio, complement fraction C(3) (C(3c)) determination, and semen cultures, in aliquots of the same ejaculates. The SP concentration of IL-8 was inversely related to semen quality, e.g. to the total number of motile spermatozoa or to the outcome of the sperm migration test (motile sperm harvested after a swim-up procedure). IL-8 concentrations were significantly correlated with leukocyte counts per ml (P < 0.0001) and per ejaculate (P < 0.0001), and with the leukocyte ratio (P < 0.001). All leukocytospermic samples had high IL-8 concentrations (< or =2 ng/ml). The SP concentration of IL-6 was much lower, but was significantly correlated with IL-8 (P < 0.0001). Both IL-8 and IL-6 were significantly related with the C(3c). No association of interleukin concentrations with the bacterial colonization of semen samples was found. The results indicate a marked relationship of some pro-inflammatory cytokines with semen quality. The significant association with seminal leukocytes and other potential inflammation markers suggests that IL-8 might be used as sensitive marker for silent male genital tract infection.
Factor V Leiden-like behaviour of animal plasma and its use for calibration of activated protein C-dependent assays (1996)

We studied the sensitivity of various animal plasmas to activated human protein C (APC) and found an impaired response in the order monkey < horse < pig < dog < rabbit. We assume that this effect was mainly caused by differences in the APC cleavage region of factor V, as recently described for the factor V Leiden mutation in humans. In APC-dependent assays, which are based on the inactivation of factor Va, 5% (v/v) rabbit plasma added to human plasma mimicked the APC response seen in heterozygous carriers of factor V Leiden; 20% rabbit plasma gave results similar to those seen in homozygotes. We exploited this factor V Leiden-like behaviour to prepare plasma standards for calibration of APC-dependent assays by mixing rabbit and human plasmas. The 0% value was assigned to the clotting time in the absence of APC, while the 100% value was assigned to the clotting time in presence of APC. A normal human plasma pool was used as reference. These standards were used to establish reference curves. On automated coagulation analyzers, the results obtained were automatically reported as 'percent normal'. This not only simplified evaluation, but also improved the comparability of results.
Equilibrium Pricing Transforms: New Results Using Buhlmann’s 1980 Economic Model (2003)

In this paper we revisit an economic model of Buhlmann (ASTIN Bulletin, 1980) and derive equilibrium pricing transforms. We obtain the Esscher Transform and the Wang Transform under different sets of assumptions on the aggregate economic environment. We show that the Esscher Transform and the Wang Transform exhibit very different behaviors when used in pricing insurance risks.
Mixing Evaluation of a Passive Scaled-Up Serpentine Micromixer With Slanted Grooves (2013)

A novel, passive, scaled-up micromixer based on fluid rotation is proposed and evaluated experimentally and numerically over Reynolds numbers ranging from 0.5 to 100. Flow visualization is employed to qualitatively assess flow patterns, while induced fluorescence is used to quantify species distribution at five locations along the channel length. Two individual fluids are supplied to the test section via a Y-inlet. The fluid enters a meandering channel with four semicircular portions, each of which is lined with nine slanted grooves at the bottom surface. The main mixing channel is 3 mm wide and 0.75 mm deep, with a total length of 155.8 mm. Numerical simulations confirm rotation at all investigated Reynolds numbers, and the strength of rotation increases with increasing Reynolds number. Grooves are employed to promote helical flow, while the serpentine channel structure results in the formation of Dean vortices at Re ≥ 50 (Dean number ≥ 18.25), where momentum has a more significant effect. A decreasing-increasing trend in the degree of mixing was noted, with an inflection point at Re = 5, marking the transition from diffusion dominance to advection dominance. The increase in interfacial surface area is credited with the improved mixing in the advection-dominant regime, while high residence time allowed for significant mass diffusion in the diffusion-dominant regime. Good mixing was achieved at both high and low Reynolds numbers, with a maximum mixing index of 0.90 at Re = 100.
Subunit interactions in ABC transporters: towards a functional architecture (1999)

The ABC superfamily is a diverse group of integral membrane proteins involved in the ATP-dependent transport of solutes across biological membranes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Although ABC transporters have been studied for over 30 years, very little is known about the mechanism by which the energy of ATP hydrolysis is used to transport substrate across the membrane. The recent report of the high resolution crystal structure of HisP, the nucleotide-binding subunit of the histidine permease complex of Salmonella typhimurium, represents a significant breakthrough toward the elucidation of the mechanism of solute translocation by ABC transporters. In this review, we use data from the crystallographic structures of HisP and other nucleotide-binding proteins, combined with sequence analysis of a subset of atypical ABC transporters, to argue a new model for the dimerisation of the nucleotide-binding domains that embraces the notion that the C motif from one subunit forms part of the ATP-binding site in the opposite subunit. We incorporate this dimerisation of the ATP-binding domains into our recently reported β-barrel model for P-glycoprotein and present a general model for the cooperative interaction of the two nucleotide-binding domains and the translocation of mechanical energy to the transmembrane domains in ABC transporters.
Kaistia soli sp. nov., isolated from a wetland in Korea (2008)

A bacterial strain, 5YN9-8(T), was isolated from a peat layer in Yongneup, Republic of Korea. It was strictly aerobic, Gram-negative, non-motile, short rod- or coccus-shaped and produced ivory-pigmented colonies. Results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses indicated a close relationship between this isolate and Kaistia granuli Ko04(T) (97.2 % similarity) and Kaistia adipata Chj404(T) (96.2 % similarity), members of the order Rhizobiales within the Alphaproteobacteria. Predominant cellular fatty acids of strain 5YN9-8(T) were C(18 : 1)omega7c, C(18 : 0), C(19 : 0)omega8c cyclo and C(16 : 0). The DNA G+C content was 67.0 mol%. Phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data accumulated in this study revealed that the isolate represents a novel species of the genus Kaistia, for which the name Kaistia soli sp. nov. is proposed; strain 5YN9-8(T) (=KACC 12605(T) =DSM 19436(T)) is the type strain.
Preparation of linear low‐density polyethylene by the <i>in situ</i> copolymerization of ethylene with an iron oligomerization catalyst and <i>rac</i>‐ethylene bis(indenyl) zirconium (IV) dichloride (2005)

Abstract An iron oligomerization catalyst, [(2‐ArNC(Me)) 2 C 5 H 3 N]FeCl 2 [Ar = 2,6‐C 6 H 3 (F) 2 ], was combined with rac ‐ethylene bis(indenyl)zirconium (IV) dichloride [ rac ‐Et(Ind) 2 ZrCl 2 ] to prepare linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) by the in situ copolymerization of ethylene. A series of LLDPEs with different properties were prepared by the alteration of the reaction temperature, Fe/Zr molar ratio, Al/(Fe + Zr) molar ratio, and reaction time. The structures of the polymers were characterized with differential scanning calorimetry, 13 C NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and so forth. The melting points, crystallizations, and densities of the resulting products increased, and the average branching degree decreased, as the reaction temperature, Al/(Fe + Zr) ratio, and reaction time increased. The melting points, crystallizations, and densities of the polymers decreased, and the average branching degree increased, when the Fe/Zr ratio increased. The 13 C NMR and GPC results showed that there were no unreacted α‐olefins remaining in the resulting polymers because the percentage of low‐molar‐mass sections (C 4 –C 10 ) of the oligomers obtained with this catalyst was very high (>70%). In addition, the formation of polymers with two melting points under different reaction conditions was examined in detail, and the results indicated that the two melting points of the polymers could be attributed to polyethylene with different branches. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 984–993, 2005
Prediction of secondary structure by evolutionary comparison: Application to the α subunit of tryptophan synthase (1987)

The amino acid sequences of the a subunits of tryptophan synthase from ten different microorganisms were aligned by standard procedures. The alpha helices, beta strands and turns of each sequence were predicted separately by two standard prediction algorithms and averaged at homologous sequence positions. Additional evidence for conserved secondary structure was derived from profiles of average hydropathy and chain flexibility values, leading to a joint prediction. There is good agreement between (1) predicted beta strands, maximal hydropathy and minimal flexibility, and (2) predicted loops, great chain flexibility, and protein segments that accept insertions of various lengths in individual sequences. The a subunit is predicted to have eight repeated beta-loop-alpha-loop motifs with an extra N-terminal alpha helix and an intercalated segment of highly conserved residues. This pattern suggests that the territory structure of the a subunit is an eightfold alpha/beta barrel. The distribution of conserved amino acid residues and published data on limited proteolysis, chemical modification, and mutagenesis are consistent with the alpha/beta barrel structure. Both the active site of the a subunit and the combining site for the beta 2 subunit are at the end of the barrel formed by the carboxyl-termini of the beta strands.
Comparison of Healos/Bone Marrow to INFUSE(rhBMP-2/ACS) With a Collagen-Ceramic Sponge Bulking Agent as Graft Substitutes for Lumbar Spine Fusion (2005)

From the manual palpation, radiographic and biomechanical assessment of fusion, the results in this study showed that INFUSE (rhBMP-2/collagen sponge) consistently produced spine fusion when wrapped around a collagen-ceramic sponge bulking agent (Mastergraft Matrix). Meanwhile, Healos was ineffective as a bone graft material when combined with heparinized autogenous bone marrow.
PHOTORESPONSIVE POLYMERIZED CRYSTALLINE COLLOIDAL ARRAYS AND CHEMICAL SENSORS (2004)

The focus of this thesis is the development of novel materials based upon a self-assembled array of highly charged, monodisperse colloidal particles, called a crystalline colloidal array (CCA). We have developed a method to permanently lock the order of the CCA by embedding the CCA into a polymer network (PCCA). The polymer around the CCA can be functionalized with some recognition element, making these materials useful as optical sensors. This thesis describes a novel method for functionalizing PCCAs. We have successfully incorporated crown ethers and enzymes into PCCAs. The described method opens up the possibility of easy attachment of molecules containing amine, thiol and hydroxyl groups to PCCAs. The work includes incorporation of glycidyl methacrylate to the hydrogel network, and reacting the epoxide groups to develop sensing materials.This thesis also describes the fabrication of a new photochemically controlled PCCA. This photoswitchable device shows a photoreversible shift in diffracted light, and acts as a novel recordable and erasable memory device. The photoresponsive PCCA was created by functionalizing a PCCA with an azobenzene-type molecule. Gradual red-shifting of the diffraction peak upon UV illumination is accompanied by a decrease in p->p* absorption, and an increase in n->p* absorption, due to the trans->cis isomerization of azobenzene. Excitation with visible light results in the reverse cis->trans isomerization and a diffraction peak blue-shift to the original position. Information can be written using UV light and stored until visible light is used for erasing. An additional route for developing a photoresponsive PCCA is to introduce photochemical crosslinks inside the hydrogel network around the CCA. For this purpose we have used azophenyl-p-N,N'-dimaleimide. In contrast to the previously described photoresponsive PCCA, in which the hydrogel volume increases under UV irradiation, the azobenzene-crosslinked PCCA's volume decreases under UV light. Both systems are controlled by free energy of mixing.Different photochemically responsive PCCAs were created using a spiropyran derivative and different methods of attachment. These photochromic films are able to respond to UV and visible light by shifting the diffracted wavelength from the photosensitive film. The photochromic systems based on azobenzene and spiropyran described in this work could find wide technological applications in the future.
Observation of a photo wetting effect on anisotropic liquid-solid interfaces (2009)

This paper reports on the experimental observation of an anisotropic photo controlled wetting effect. We discuss how capillary propagation of nematic liquid crystals in a "sandwich" cell is blocked in areas exposed to light. We postulate that the underlying mechanism is related to the optical reorientation of molecules on the surface of the surrounding solid, which in turn, forces a corresponding reorientation of the liquid crystal molecules. The corresponding orientation deformation energy of the liquid then changes the balance of forces and the corresponding capillary action.
ABC transporter-facilitated ATP conductive transport (1999)

The concept that the cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator, the protein product of the CF gene, can conduct larger multivalent anions such as ATP as well as Cl- is controversial. In this review, I examine briefly past findings that resulted in controversy. It is not the goal of this review to revisit these disparate findings in detail. Rather, I focus intently on more recent studies, current studies in progress, and possible future directions that arose from the controversy and that may reconcile this issue. Important questions and hypotheses are raised as to the physiological roles that ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter-facilitated ATP transport and signaling may play in the control of epithelial cell function. Perhaps the identification of key biological paradigms for ABC transporter-mediated extracellular nucleotide signaling may unify and guide the CF research community and other research groups interested in ABC transporters toward understanding why ABC transporters facilitate ATP transport.
Eye-tracking Based Video Streaming System with Fast Quality Switching (2017)

While more people than ever consume video content using mobile devices, high resolution video requires high bandwidth, which is a problem in current wireless networks. The requirements can be even ...
Design of a Tumorigenicity Test for Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC)-Derived Cell Products (2015)

Human Pluripotent Stem Cell (PSC)-derived cell therapy holds enormous promise because of the cells' "unlimited" proliferative capacity and the potential to differentiate into any type of cell. However, these features of PSC-derived cell products are associated with concerns regarding the generation of iatrogenic teratomas or tumors from residual immature or non-terminally differentiated cells in the final cell product. This concern has become a major hurdle to the introduction of this therapy into the clinic. Tumorigenicity testing is therefore a key preclinical safety test in PSC-derived cell therapy. Tumorigenicity testing becomes particularly important when autologous human induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC)-derived cell products with no immuno-barrier are considered for transplantation. There has been, however, no internationally recognized guideline for tumorigenicity testing of PSC-derived cell products for cell therapy. In this review, we outline the points to be considered in the design and execution of tumorigenicity tests, referring to the tests and laboratory work that we have conducted for an iPSC-derived retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell product prior to its clinical use.
Effects of a polymorphism in the human tumor necrosis factor α promoter on transcriptional activation (1997)

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) is a potent immunomodulator and proinflammatory cytokine that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and infectious diseases. For example, plasma levels of TNF alpha are positively correlated with severity and mortality in malaria and leishmaniasis. We have previously described a polymorphism at -308 in the TNF alpha promoter and shown that the rare allele, TNF2, lies on the extended haplotype HLA-A1-B8-DR3-DQ2, which is associated with autoimmunity and high TNF alpha production. Homozygosity for TNF2 carries a sevenfold increased risk of death from cerebral malaria. Here we demonstrate, with reporter genes under the control of the two allelic TNF promoters, that TNF2 is a much stronger transcriptional activator than the common allele (TNF1) in a human B cell line. Footprint analysis using DNase I and B cell nuclear extract showed the generation of a hypersensitive site at -308 and an adjacent area of protection. There was no difference in affinity of the DNA-binding protein(s) between the two alleles. These results show that this polymorphism has direct effects on TNF alpha gene regulation and may be responsible for the association of TNF2 with high TNF alpha phenotype and more severe disease in infections such as malaria and leishmaniasis.
An adaptive filter for the reduction of cardiogenic oscillations on esophageal pressure signals (2002)

In pulmonary monitoring, the processing and interpretation of esophageal pressure (Pes) signals is often complicated by strong cardiogenic oscillations (CGO). Here, the authors describe an adaptive filter that reduces CGO based on simultaneous recordings of the electrocardiogram. The algorithm is tested in a computer simulation and on patient data. In simulation, a reduction of the mean squared error introduced by the CGO by 87%, is achieved. In patient data, the filter reduces the power in Pes in a /spl plusmn/0.25 Hz band around the heart rate by 76%.