gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low-Loss Waveguides for Terahertz Frequencies (2008)

Hollow-core, periodic bandgap (HCPBG) flexible waveguides have been proposed as a means of low-loss transmission of electromagnetic signals in the frequency range from about 300 GHz to 30 THz. This frequency range has been called the gap because it has been little utilized: Heretofore, there has been no way of low-loss guiding of terahertz beams other than by use of fixed-path optical beam guides with lenses and mirrors or multimode waveguides that cannot maintain mode purity around bends or modest discontinuities.
A Novel Successive Suturing Device for Laparoscopic Surgery (2016)

Suturing is one of the more tiresome and difficult tasks during laparoscopic surgeries. To cope with this problem, we aimed to develop a novel successive suturing device. A novel needle holding and locking mechanism is proposed to transfer the needle between the upper and bottom jaws. The device is straightforward to use with intuitive 2-trigger control, and it can perform successive suturing without the need of reload between stiches. Also, it is compact enough to be inserted through a 12-mm trocar. The feasibility of the device is verified through in vitro and in vivo experiments. It was found that the developed device was able to successfully close the wounds without any leakage. The developed successive suturing device offers an easy way of performing suture, and it will greatly help surgeons during laparoscopic surgeries.
Dual Mode SWIPT: Waveform Design and Transceiver Architecture with Adaptive Mode Switching Policy (2018)

In this paper, we propose a dual mode simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) system in which a sensor node monitors the received power and adaptively controls the communication mode. To this end, we design two types of single and multi-tone waveforms and propose a new transceiver architecture that realizes adaptive power management and information decoding (adaptive PM-&-ID) module. On top of this, we implement adaptive PM-&-ID policy algorithm which reflects non-linear energy harvesting (EH) model for both single and multi-tone waveforms. Our newly designed SWIPT can be applied to Internet-of-Things (IoT) network with RF EH capability for self-powering, leading to battery-free network. Numerical results show that significant performance gain can be achieved by the proposed dual mode SWIPT over the existing SWIPT design.
Rapid Transfer‐Based Micropatterning and Dry Etching of Silk Microstructures (2011)

The silk transfer applied micropatterning (STAMP) method enables patterning of large area silk fibroin protein films with metallic microfabricated features. All processing is performed under ambient conditions in an aqueous environment. The micropatterns fabricated enable masking of biopolymer films for dry etching to produce protein-based metamaterial structures.
New mullite ceramic packages and substrates (1988)

The authors describe the fabrication technologies and properties of new mullites for advanced VLSI packaging technology, as well as applications utilizing their characteristics. These new mullite ceramic substrates have the following characteristics: (1) low dielectric constants (5.4-7.5), which facilitate the realization of a device manifesting a high speed of signal transmission; (2) low thermal expansion coefficients (3.0-4.05*10/sup -6// degrees C), which permit the direct attachment of a large silicon chip; and (3) sufficiently high flexural strength (20-31 kg/mm/sup 2/), providing high mechanical reliability for practical use. It is concluded that, as a result of these characteristics, the new mullite packages and substrates could guarantee a highly reliable attachment for a large silicon chip and high signal transmission speed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Scaling properties of polarization mode dispersion of spun fibers in the presence of random mode coupling (2002)

The scaling properties of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in spun fibers are studied. Simple equations have been obtained to describe the scaling properties of spun fibers as a function of intrinsic fiber birefringence, spin parameters, and mode-coupling length under both optimal and nonoptimal spin conditions. In particular, a counterintuitive result is found for fibers with perfect spin optimization, in which case the fiber PMD increases as the mode-coupling length is shortened. The results are verified with direct numerical modeling.
Photonic time stretch enhanced recording scope (2008)

We demonstrate a new mode of operation for the time stretched A/D converter. The technique is superior to the sampling scope in that it permits the capture of non periodic events such as clustered noise.
Intranasal Inoculation of <i>Bordetella Bronchiseptica</i> in Mice Induces Long‐Lasting Antibody and T‐Cell Mediated Immune Responses (1996)

Humoral and cellular immune responses were analysed in mice inoculated intranasally with Bordetella bronchiseptica. After infection, the number of bacteria that colonized the respiratory tract of the mice increased during the first day and decreased thereafter. Total IgG levels increased as early as 14 days after infection and decreased with time after infection, whereas total IgA and IgM levels were lower but remained stable. Specific antibodies to the bacteria were mainly IgG2a and IgA and persisted up to 10 months after infection. Some of these specific antibodies were directed against adenylate cyclase-haemolysin, the bacterial factor that had been shown to be necessary for initiation of infection. The proliferation of Bordetella bronchiseptica-reactive spleen cells occurred during the acute phase of infection. T cells from infected mice produced increasing amounts of IFN gamma and IL-2 after infection. Although very low levels of IL-10 were produced, no IL-4 was detected after bacterial stimulation in vitro. These results suggest that Bordetella bronchiseptica infection induces primarily a Th1-type T-cell response. Importantly, the authors demonstrated that antibody and T-cell responses directed against bacterial determinants of the virulent strain and to purified adenylate cyclase-haemolysin were long-lasting. This observation could be due to the fact that Bordetella bronchiseptica may persist intracellularly in the host as it was demonstrated in vitro.
Combining Trigram-based and Feature-based Methods for Context-Sensitive Spelling Correction (1996)

This paper addresses the problem of correcting spelling errors that result in valid, though unintended words (such as ``peace'' and ``piece'', or ``quiet'' and ``quite'') and also the problem of correcting particular word usage errors (such as ``amount'' and ``number'', or ``among'' and ``between''). Such corrections require contextual information and are not handled by conventional spelling programs such as Unix `spell'. First, we introduce a method called Trigrams that uses part-of-speech trigrams to encode the context. This method uses a small number of parameters compared to previous methods based on word trigrams. However, it is effectively unable to distinguish among words that have the same part of speech. For this case, an alternative feature-based method called Bayes performs better; but Bayes is less effective than Trigrams when the distinction among words depends on syntactic constraints. A hybrid method called Tribayes is then introduced that combines the best of the previous two methods. The improvement in performance of Tribayes over its components is verified experimentally. Tribayes is also compared with the grammar checker in Microsoft Word, and is found to have substantially higher performance.
Transition metal-substituted lead halide perovskite absorbers (2017)

Cobalt substituted MAPbBr<sub>3</sub> films are a novel perovskite material with tunable mid-gap density of states providing promise for IB photovoltaics.
RQL: A Query Language For Recommender Systems (2005)

Initially popularized by Amazon.com, recommendation technologies have become widespread over the past several years, both in the industry and academia. The traditional two-dimensional approach to recommender systems, involving the dimensions of Users and Items, has been subsequently extended to the multidimensional approach supporting additional contextual dimensions and OLAP-type aggregation capabilities. Furthermore, the class of all possible recommendations available to the users in traditional recommender systems is typically determined by the vendor and is quite limited. In this paper we address this limitation by proposing a query language RQL that allows the users to formulate various types of recommendation requests on their own. RQL adapts OLAP queries to the domain of recommender systems and, therefore, is able to support both the traditional two-dimensional and the more complex multidimensional recommender systems. The paper also presents a recommendation algebra that allows mapping RQL queries into the algebraic expressions for the query processing purposes. Finally, the paper presents a method for executing RQL queries.
Antagonists of IAP proteins based on an azabicyclooctane scaffold (2007)

4736 Starting from a co-crystal structure of the peptide AVPW with ML-IAP, the program CAVEAT was used to design potential proline mimetics. The synthesis of an azabicyclooctane core, and incorporation of this core into elaborated antagonists is described. The binding of these compounds to IAP proteins was assessed by fluorescence polarization competition assay, and several compounds with Kis of
Discovery and Kinetic Profiling of 7-Aryl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-<i>a</i>]pyridines: Positive Allosteric Modulators of the Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 2 (2017)

We report the synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of 7-aryl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyridines with mGlu<sub>2</sub> positive allosteric modulator (PAM) activity and affinity. Besides traditional in vitro parameters of potency and affinity, kinetic parameters k<sub>on</sub>, k<sub>off</sub> and residence time (RT) were determined. The PAMs showed various kinetic profiles; k<sub>on</sub> values ranged over 2 orders of magnitude, whereas RT values were within a 10-fold range. Association rate constant k<sub>on</sub> was linearly correlated to affinity. Evaluation of a short, medium, and long RT compound in a label-free assay indicated a correlation between RT and functional effect. The effects of long RT compound 9 on sleep-wake states indicated long RT was translated into sustained inhibition of rapid eye movement (REM) in vivo. These results show that affinity-only driven selection would have resulted in mGlu<sub>2</sub> PAMs with high values for k<sub>on</sub> but not necessarily optimized RT, which is key to predicting optimal efficacy in vivo.
Flip Chip Assembly Using Anisotropic Conductive Adhesives with Enhanced Thermal Conductivity (2005)

This paper presents the development of new anisotropic conductive adhesives with enhanced thermal conductivity for the wide use of adhesive flip chip technology with improved reliability under high current density condition. The continuing downscaling of structural profiles and increase in inter- connection density in flip chip packaging using ACAs has given rise to reliability problem under high current density. In detail, as the bump size is reduced, the current density through bump is also increased. This increased current density also causes new failure mechanism such as interface degradation due to inter- metallic compound formation and adhesive swelling due to high current stressing, especially in high current density interconnection, in which high junction temperature enhances such failure mechanism. Therefore, it is necessary for the ACA to become thermal transfer medium to improve the lifetime of ACA flip chip joint under high current stressing condition. We developed thermally conductive ACA of 0.63 W/m·K thermal conductivity using the formulation incorporating 5 µm Ni and 0.2 µm SiC-filled epoxy-based binder system to achieve acceptable viscosity, curing property, and other thermo-mechanical properties such as low CTE and high mod- ulus. The current carrying capability of ACA flip chip joints was improved up to 6.7 A by use of thermally conductive ACA compared to conventional ACA. Electrical reliability of thermally conductive ACA flip chip joint under current stressing condition was also improved showing stable electrical conductivity of flip chip joints. The high current carrying capability and improved electrical reliability of thermally conductive ACA flip chip joint under current stressing test is mainly due to the effective heat dissipation by thermally con- ductive adhesive around Au stud bumps/ACA/PCB pads structure.
First-in-Human Trial of a STAT3 Decoy Oligonucleotide in Head and Neck Tumors: Implications for Cancer Therapy (2012)

This is the fi rst study of a STAT3-selective inhibitor in humans and the fi rst evidence that a transcription factor decoy can be modifi ed to enable systemic delivery. These findings have therapeutic implications beyond STAT3 to other “undruggable” targets in human cancers.
Dominance-based duplication simulation (DBDS): code duplication to enable compiler optimizations (2018)

Compilers perform a variety of advanced optimizations to improve the quality of the generated machine code. However, optimizations that depend on the data flow of a program are often limited by control-flow merges. Code duplication can solve this problem by hoisting, i.e. duplicating, instructions from merge blocks to their predecessors. However, finding optimization opportunities enabled by duplication is a non-trivial task that requires compile-time intensive analysis. This imposes a challenge on modern (just-in-time) compilers: Duplicating instructions tentatively at every control flow merge is not feasible because excessive duplication leads to uncontrolled code growth and compile time increases. Therefore, compilers need to find out whether a duplication is beneficial enough to be performed.
All-optical half adder using cross gain modulation in semiconductor optical amplifiers (2006)

By using the gain nonlinearity characteristics of semiconductor optical amplifier, an all-optical binary half adder at 10 Gbps is demonstrated. The half adder operates in a single mechanism, which is cross gain modulation. The half adder utilizes two logic functions of SUM and CARRY, which can be demonstrated by using XOR and AND gates, respectively. The extinction ratios of both XOR and AND gates are about 6.1 dB. By achieving this experiment, we also explored the possibilities for the enhanced complex logic operation and higher chances for multiple logic integration.
How medical expertise influences web search interaction (2008)

Domain expertise can have an important influence on how people search. In this poster we present findings from a log-based study into how medical domain experts search the Web for information related to their expertise, as compared with non-experts. We find differences in sites visited, query vocabulary, and search behavior. The findings have implications for the automatic identification of domain experts from interaction logs, and the use of domain knowledge in applications such as query suggestion or page recommendation to support non-experts.
Novel Passive Two-Stage Magnetic Targeting Devices for Distal Locking of Interlocking Nails (2017)

Interlocking nailing is a common surgical operation to stabilize fractures in long bones. One of the difficult parts of the surgery is how to locate the position and direction of a screw hole on the interlocking nail, which is invisible to the naked eye after insertion of the nail into the medullary canal. Here, we propose a novel two-stage targeting process using two passive magnetic devices to locate the position and direction of the screw hole without radiation for the locking screw procedure. This involves a ring-shape positioning magnet inside the nail to generate a magnetic field for targeting. From the accuracy test results of these two-stage targeting devices, the search region can be identified in less than 20 seconds by the 1st-stage targeting device, while the total targeting time to locate the drilling position and direction takes less than 4 minutes, with 100% successful rate in 50 attempts. The drilling test further combines the two-stage targeting process and drilling process on the swine tibia, and it is shown that a 100% successful rate is achieved in all 10 attempts, where the total time needed is less than 5 minutes.
Optical fiber preform diagnostics (1979)

A sensitive, nondestructive, and noncontacting method is described for obtaining structural information on the preforms from which optical fibers are produced. The technique allows the determination of the core size and the core eccentricity from direct observation of light traversing the preform normal to its axis. Also observable are the core-cladding interface structure, individual deposition layer structure and variations, imperfections within the core and the cladding, and the presence of an axial refractive-index depression. Results and implications from a variety of multimode and single-mode preforms are presented along with a theoretical analysis of the observations.
Nonlinear Pulse Compression in Fiber Bragg Gratings (1999)

Short optical pulses are desirable in a large variety of applications when time resolution, large bandwidth or high peak powers are necessary. In many cases nonlinear pulse compression is required to produce such pulses. Typically, the main component of such a compressor is a long optical fiber. Fiber Bragg gratings (and more generally, photonic bandgap structures) are very dispersive elements, which allow scaling down of the compressor to centimeter lengths. Here we present various pulse compression schemes based on such gratings to achieve small, versatile, all-fiber pulse compressors.
Antitumor activity of a Brucella abortus preparation (1977)

Mice injected intraperitoneally with sarcoma-180 cells develop ascites and eventually die. Intraperitoneal injection of a nonviable, aqueous... ether-extracted Brucella abortus preparation (BRU-PEL) as early as 7 days before or as late as 7 days after injection of tumor cells significantly inhibited development of ascites and protected against death. BRU-PEL was not effective if injected after ascites was grossly apparent. BRU-PEL was significantly more active than a Corynebacterium parvum preparation administered in the same way.
InP-based negative feedback avalanche diodes (2008)

The operation of InP-based single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) in Geiger mode provides great utility for the detection of single photons at near-infrared wavelengths between 1.0 and 1.6 um. However, SPADs have performance limitations with respect to photon counting rate and the absence of photon number resolution that, at the most fundamental level, can be traced back to the positive feedback inherent in the impact ionization-driven avalanche process. In this paper, we describe the inclusion of negative feedback with best-in-class InP-based single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) structures to form negative feedback avalanche diodes (NFADs) in which many of the present limitations of SPAD operation can be overcome. The use of thin film resistors as monolithic passive negative feedback elements ensures rapid self-quenching with very low parasitic effects and wafer-level integration for creating multi-element NFAD arrays. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of this approach with InP-based avalanche diode structures. We present NFAD device properties, including pulse response, quenching dynamics, and photon counting performance parameters such as photon detection efficiency.
A laser device for fusion of nasal mucosa (2010)

A prototype device has been created to fuse septal tissue membranes as an alternative to sutures or staples through the
controlled application of laser heating and pressure to induce protein denaturation and subsequent tissue fusion, through
renaturation and intertwining, across the interface. Lasers have been used to close wounds in controlled laboratory tests
over the last 15 years. Many encouraging results have been obtained; however, no commercial delivery systems are
currently available. This is due primarily to two factors: requiring an inordinate amount of experience on the part of the
operator, and attempting to achieve general applicability for multiple tissue systems. The present device overcomes
these barriers as it is tailored for the particular application of septal laser fusion, namely for the coaptation of
mucoperichondrial membranes.
The important parameters involved in fusing biological tissues are identified. The development of the device
followed from computational modeling based on Monte Carlo simulation of photon transport and on engineering firstprinciples.
Experiments were designed and analyzed using orthogonal arrays, employing a subset of the relevant
parameters, i.e., laser irradiance, dwell time and spot size, for a range of wavelengths. The in vitro fusion experiments
employed 1cm by 1cm sections of equine nasal mucosa having a nominal thickness of 1mm.
Face Relighting from a Single Image under Arbitrary Unknown Lighting Conditions (2008)

In this paper, we present a new method to modify the appearance of a face image by manipulating the illumination condition, when the face geometry and albedo information is unknown. This problem is particularly difficult when there is only a single image of the subject available. Recent research demonstrates that the set of images of a convex Lambertian object obtained under a wide variety of lighting conditions can be approximated accurately by a low-dimensional linear subspace using a spherical harmonic representation. Moreover, morphable models are statistical ensembles of facial properties such as shape and texture. In this paper, we integrate spherical harmonics into the morphable model framework by proposing a 3D spherical harmonic basis morphable model (SHBMM). The proposed method can represent a face under arbitrary unknown lighting and pose simply by three low-dimensional vectors, i.e., shape parameters, spherical harmonic basis parameters, and illumination coefficients, which are called the SHBMM parameters. However, when the image was taken under an extreme lighting condition, the approximation error can be large, thus making it difficult to recover albedo information. In order to address this problem, we propose a subregion-based framework that uses a Markov random field to model the statistical distribution and spatial coherence of face texture, which makes our approach not only robust to extreme lighting conditions, but also insensitive to partial occlusions. The performance of our framework is demonstrated through various experimental results, including the improved rates for face recognition under extreme lighting conditions.
Using the CIRA GC/IR Analyzer with an FT-IR Spectrometer as an Alternative to Interfacing a Conventional Gas Chromatograph (1979)

Journal Article Using the CIRA GC/IR Analyzer with an FT-IR Spectrometer as an Alternative to Interfacing a Conventional Gas Chromatograph Get access Richard H. Shaps, Richard H. Shaps Sadtler Research Laboratories, 3316 Spring Garden Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michael J. Flanagan, Michael J. Flanagan Sadtler Research Laboratories, 3316 Spring Garden Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Antonio Varano Antonio Varano Sadtler Research Laboratories, 3316 Spring Garden Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Chromatographic Science, Volume 17, Issue 8, August 1979, Pages 454–459, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/17.8.454 Published: 01 August 1979