gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Overall survival (OS) of advanced colorectal cancer (aCRC) patients (pts) treated with the multipeptide vaccine IMA910: Results of a matched-pair analysis with arm C pts from COIN. (2012)

3530 Background: IMA910 is a novel cancer vaccine consisting of 10 class I and 3 class II tumor-associated peptides (TUMAPs), naturally presented on HLA molecules of CRC. Vaccine-induced immune responses are associated with prolonged OS of renal cell carcinoma pts treated with IMA901, a multi-peptide vaccine identified by the same antigen discovery platform. Methods: 92 HLA-A*02+ aCRC pts with stable or responding disease after 12 weeks of first-line oxaliplatin-based therapy were enrolled in this phase I/II trial. After immunomodulation with cyclophosphamide (300 mg/m 2 ) to reduce regulatory T cells, pts were immunized intradermally (up to 16 vaccinations) with IMA910 in combination with GM-CSF without (cohort 1; n=66) or with (cohort 2; n=26) topically applied imiquimod. Safety and PFS data was recently presented [Mayer et al., ASCO-GI 2012]. OS of IMA910 pts was compared to matched pts from arm C (intermittent chemotherapy) of the COIN trial [Adams et al., Lancet Oncology 2011]. Matching was performed in a prospectively defined, fully blinded fashion based on a propensity score involving all available prognostic factors. T-cell responses to individual IMA910 peptides were analyzed by HLA multimer and intracellular cytokine assays. Results: At a median follow up of 1.7 yrs, OS of IMA910 vaccinated pts was significantly longer in comparison to 1:1 matched HLA-A*02+ COIN pts (HR 0.675, 95% CI 0.458-0.995, p=0.047; 1 yr OS: 69% vs 55%; 2 yr OS: 40% vs 24%). Multi-TUMAP responders (≥2 CD8+ and ≥2 CD4+ vaccine-induced T cells) had a significantly longer OS (HR 0.45, p=0.04) compared to matched COIN pts while non-multi-TUMAP responders showed similar OS compared to matched COIN pts (HR 0.76, p=0.22). Conclusions: OS of IMA910 pts was significantly longer in comparison to matched COIN pts with separation of survival curves at ~9 months and increasing OS difference over time. Multi-TUMAP immune responders had a significantly longer OS compared to non-multi-TUMAP responders and compared to matched COIN pts. These clinical and immune response data strongly suggest clinical activity of IMA910 in 1st line CRC pts and warrant further development.
The Effects of Flying-Adder Clocks on Digital-to-Analog Converters (2010)

This brief presents the theoretical and simulation results of the effects of flying-adder (FA) clocks on digital-to-analog converters (DACs). A closed-form expression for the frequency spectrum of the DAC output is derived. Analyses show that there exists a lower bound of the clock frequency above which the FA clock does not introduce any additional frequency components in the DAC output. For an FA clock of frequency between the Nyquist frequency and this lower bound, a closed-form expression of the DAC signal-to-distortion ratio is derived.
Commercial Intermediate Pressure MALDI Ion Mobility Spectrometry Mass Spectrometer Capable of Producing Highly Charged Laserspray Ionization Ions (2010)

The first examples of highly charged ions observed under intermediate pressure (IP) vacuum conditions are reported using laser ablation of matrix/analyte mixtures. The method and results are similar to those obtained at atmospheric pressure (AP) using laserspray ionization (LSI) and/or matrix assisted inlet ionization (MAII). Electrospray ionization (ESI), LSI, and MAII are methods operating at AP and have been shown, with or without the use of a voltage or a laser, to produce highly charged ions with very similar ion abundance and charge states. A commercial matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) mass spectrometry (MS) instrument (SYNAPT G2) was used for the IP developments. The necessary conditions for producing highly charged ions of peptides and small proteins at IP appear to be a pressure drop region and the use of suitable matrixes and laser fluence. Ionization to produce these highly charged ions under the low pressure conditions of IP does not require specific heating or a special inlet ion transfer region. However, under the current setup, ubiquitin is the highest molecular weight protein observed. These findings are in accord with the need to provide thermal energy in the pressure drop region, similar to LSI and MAII, to improve sensitivity and extend the types of compounds that produce highly charged ions. The practical utility of IP-LSI in combination with IMS-MS is demonstrated for the analysis of model mixtures composed of a lipid, peptides, and a protein. Further, endogenous multiply charged peptides are observed directly from delipified mouse brain tissue with drift time distributions that are nearly identical in appearance to those obtained from a synthesized neuropeptide standard analyzed by either LSI- or ESI-IMS-MS at AP. Efficient solvent-free gas-phase separation enabled by the IMS dimension separates the multiply charged peptides from lipids that remained on the delipified tissue. Lipid and peptide families are exceptionally well separated because of the ability of IP-LSI to produce multiple charging.
Co/Pt and Co/Pd multilayers as new magneto-optical recording media (abstract) (1991)

In this paper we will discuss Co/Pt and, to a lesser extent, Co/Pd multilayers optimized for magneto-optical storage applications. Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and square hysteresis loops are achieved for multilayers with a total thickness below about 200 Å if they consist of very thin (≂4 Å) Co layers alternated with 10–20-Å Pt layers. Multilayer made by evaporation show a high coercivity (≳100 kA/m) and have proven to be suitable as magneto-optical recording medium. Recently we showed that Co/Pt layers with high coercivity can be made by sputtering as well, if not Ar but Kr is used as sputter gas.1 We will discuss the properties of Co/Pt multilayers in relation to the preparation technique and will present magneto-optical recording results for both evaporated and sputtered Co/Pt multilayer films. The written domain patterns can be very regular, as observed by scanning magnetic force microscopy, and a CNR as high as 55 dB (1 MHz carrier, 5 m/s, 30 kHz BW) is observed. The good oxidation and corrosion resistance together with increasing Kerr effect towards shorter wavelengths, where higher storage densities are possible, make that Co/Pt multilayers are attractive new magneto-optical recording media.
Differentiation between hemp-type and marijuana-type cannabis using the Fast Blue BB colorimetric test (2021)

The Fast Blue BB (FBBB) colorimetric test has been shown to differentiate between the different cannabinoids found in cannabis addressing the urgent need to distinguish between hemp-type cannabis, which is legal in every state of the US, from marijuana-type cannabis (≥0.3% w/w THC). FBBB forms a red chromophore in the presence of THC, an orange chromophore in the presence of CBD, a detectable fluorophore with THC but no fluorescence with CBD. We report, for the first time, a miniaturized reaction directly on a 3.5 mm diameter solid substrate of a material previously developed in our laboratory using a methanol extract from ∼10 mg of plant sample. Different cannabinoids, various herbs and spices, and authentic cannabis samples were tested with the optimized color test, and the FBBB reaction was found selective for THC relative to other cannabinoids and herbs and spices. RGB (Red, Green, Blue) numerical codes were obtained for each color (and fluorescence) image produced by the reaction. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) results correctly classify a set of 25 known plant samples (marijuana, hemp and herbs and spices) as either containing THC levels below 0.3% (w/w) (hemp) or as containing high THC levels (≥0.3% w/w) and low CBD levels (marijuana). Cannabis samples containing low THC (but just above 0.3%) and high CBD (THC:CBD ratios <2) were incorrectly classified, however. None of the herbs or spices tested were incorrectly classified as either hemp or marijuana.
Strengthening blends of poly(lactic acid) and starch with methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (2001)

Abstract Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a biodegradable polymer, but its applications are limited by its high cost. Blending granular starch with PLA reduces the cost, but the blend has poor strength properties. In this study, a 55/45 (w/w) mixture of PLA (weight‐average molecular weight = 120,000 Da) and dried wheat starch was blended thermally in an intensive mixer with or without a low level of methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI). Blends with MDI had enhanced mechanical properties that could be explained by the in situ formation of a block copolymer acting as a compatibilizer. Scanning electron micrographs showed reduced interfacial tension between the two phases. The presence of MDI also enhanced the mechanical properties of the blend at temperatures above the glass‐transition temperature. Water uptakes by the PLA/starch blends with and without MDI did not differ. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 1761–1767, 2001
The electroquasistatics of the capacitive touch panel (1990)

The capacitive touch panel, a high-resolution position sensor intended for computer displays, must be safe and inexpensive and must sense position accurately in spite of electrical noise, dirt, or direct electrostatic discharge. The implementation discussed uses a quasi-static electric field, applied to a semiconducting coating on the panel surface. A touch draws current from the surface. This current can be used to compute position. If the computation is performed properly, the computed position is independent of touch current and panel coating resistivity. The electroquasistatic basis for position measurement with a capacitive touch panel and a system to implement it are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Chip-based quantum key distribution (2017)

Improvement in secure transmission of information is an urgent need for governments, corporations and individuals. Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises security based on the laws of physics and has rapidly grown from proof-of-concept to robust demonstrations and deployment of commercial systems. Despite these advances, QKD has not been widely adopted, and large-scale deployment will likely require chip-based devices for improved performance, miniaturization and enhanced functionality. Here we report low error rate, GHz clocked QKD operation of an indium phosphide transmitter chip and a silicon oxynitride receiver chip-monolithically integrated devices using components and manufacturing processes from the telecommunications industry. We use the reconfigurability of these devices to demonstrate three prominent QKD protocols-BB84, Coherent One Way and Differential Phase Shift-with performance comparable to state-of-the-art. These devices, when combined with integrated single photon detectors, pave the way for successfully integrating QKD into future telecommunications networks.
Learning a face model for tracking and recognition (2002)

This paper describes a system for learning a face model that is used for 3D tracking of the human face. The face is modeled as a linear combination of shape basis vectors and action vectors. Shape space models the difference in face shape of different people while action space models the facial expressions. First, real stereo tracking data is used to learn the space of these shape and action vectors using Principal Component Analysis. Then this low-complexity model is used to simultaneously track shape, pose and expression from a monocular image sequence. The main contribution of this paper is in learning shape and action deformation models simultaneously from real data. Results of monocular model-based tracking for subjects not included in the training set show that the model derived from data is robust and generalizes well.
Efficient scrolling videotext detection with adaptive temporal differential approach (2014)

This study presents an efficient algorithm for the detection of scrolling text on continuous frames. The proposed scheme adopts both spatial and temporal computation as well as pre‐processing to differentiate among noise, text and background information. Scrolling text is detected using temporal differentiation among inter‐frames and then the region in which the scrolling text appears is identified as a rectangle. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is capable of precisely differentiating scrolling text in any direction, along any of the frame boundaries without false detection or missed text. In a comparison using quantised measurements, the proposed method outperforms all competing algorithms.
A Systematic Reed-Solomon Encoder with Arbitrary Parity Positions (2009)

An efficient encoder circuit for a systematic Reed-Solomon code with arbitrary parity positions is presented. In contrast to the Reed-Solomon encoder circuits widely available today, the parity symbols produced by this encoder are not restricted to form a block of consecutive parity symbols at the beginning or end of the codeword, but may be spread arbitrarily within the codeword. A general structure of the parity-check matrix for such a code is derived by exploiting the special structure of Vandermonde matrices. From this general parity-check matrix, an expression for the calculation of the Reed-Solomon parity symbols at arbitrary positions within the codeword is found and an efficient hardware implementation of the proposed encoder is designed.
Transformerless single-phase UPQC for large scale LED lighting networks (2017)

The paper presents a comprehensive Power Quality (PQ) solution to improve grid current harmonics and light intensity flickers in large scale LED lighting networks. Low cost and low power LED lamps exhibit current harmonic contents due to their nonlinear characteristics. A large scale lighting network requires tens to hundreds LED lamps installation, the resultant harmonic currents pollute the grid seriously. Furthermore, Light intensity fluctuations are becoming a concern nowadays to many users, as safety and health problems. This phenomenon is mainly caused by heavy loads as they lead to voltage fluctuations and deteriorating in PQ and hence visual flickering in LED lamps. This paper proposes a single phase transformerless half-bridge unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) topology with its controls to mitigate most of PQ problems in a network. An active power filter injects harmonic currents and reactive current to provide unity power factor and a dynamic voltage restorer quickly supports the load voltage for any voltage dip, swell or flickering in the network. The performance of the proposed UPQC has been verified by simulations, and small signal models have been determined. A 500VA/120V prototype has been built to verify the models. Experimental results, steady-state characteristics and stability study are given in the paper. The experimental results have a good agreement with the theoretical findings.
Design for a quantum cryptographic entangling probe (2005)

I present the design for an optimized entangling probe attacking the BB84 protocol of quantum key distribution and yielding maximum information to the probe. Probe photon polarization states become entangled with the signal states on their way between the legitimate transmitter and receiver. Based on an earlier optimization of the unitary transformation representing the probe for a set error rate induced by the probe, I derive the simplest quantum circuit which faithfully yields the correct entangled state produced by the probe. The quantum circuit consists of a single CNOT gate in which the control qubit is a photon polarization-basis state of the signal, the target is a probe photon polarization basis state, and the initial state of the probe is set by the error rate. A method is determined for measuring the appropriate correlated state of the probe, yielding maximum information to the probe. Finally, a possible implementation of the entangling probe is given.
Choice of clip levels for beam width measurements using knife-edge techniques (1991)

The scanning knife-edge technique provides a method for measuring the width of an optical beam having an arbitrary or irregular transverse profile. To implement this method, however, it is necessary to select both a clip level and a scale factor for converting the measured clip width into an effective width of the laser beam. The authors show that the preferred clip level for beam width measurements using this technique should be chosen in the range between 8.5% and about 11.6%. With a suitably matched clip level and scale factor within this range, the conversion from measured clip width to standard deviation can be made exactly accurate for TEM/sub 00/ Gaussian beams, and the conversion factor will become only slightly inaccurate for a wide range of other higher-order or poorer-quality beam profiles.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Subjective sensitization to tonic heat as an indicator of thermal pain (1985)

In 144 healthy subjects tonic heat stimuli were applied with a contact thermode and systematically varied with respect to 3 parameters: temperature T, rate of temperature change RTC, and duration D. In addition, the stimulus temperature at which the first sensation of pain occurred was produced by some subjects. In both types of experiments, subjects compared heat intensity felt at the beginning and the end of the stimulus and then set stimulus temperature to correspond with their initial sensation. The direction of this temperature change (delta T) indicates whether the subject senses an augmentation or a diminution of heat intensity. There was a parallel occurrence of pain and sensitization to sustained heat. The average skin temperature of the point of transition from adaptation to sensitization was equal to the average pain threshold temperature. The temperature change response maintained individual differences of thermal and pain sensitivity and was highly consistent for each subject. Potential applications of the procedure in clinical and experimental pain research are discussed.
A new nonionic surfactant pathway to mesoporous molecular sieve silicas with long range framework order (1999)

Mesoporous molecular sieve silicas with ordered structures are formed from tetraethylorthosilicate (I0) in a new reaction pathway based on nonionic R(EO)nH surfactants (N0) and denoted (N0Mn+)I0, wherein electrostatic forces are introduced into the assembly process through –(EO)nH complexation of small metal cations (Mn+ = Li+, Co2+, Ni2+, Mn2+ and Zn2+).
Isolation and structure of cribrostatins 1 and 2 from the blue marine sponge <i>Cribrochalina</i><i>sp</i> (1992)

The blue marine sponge cribrostatins 1 (1, 8.8 × 10 −6 % yield) and 2 (2, 3.1 × 10 −6 % yield) active against the P388 lymphocytic leukemia cell line (ED 50 1.58 and 2.73 μg/mL respectively) have been isolated. The previously known isoquinolinequinones mimosamycin (3), renierone (4), and O-demethylrenierone (5) were also isolated and shown to display activity against the P388 cell line (ED 50 0.73, 2.75, and 8.36 μg/mL, respectively). Importantly, both cribrostatin 1 and mimosamycin showed selective activity against all of the nine human melanoma cell lines employed by the U.S. National Cancer Institute. Structural determinations were accomplished utilizing high field nuclear magnetic resonance (400 MHz) and mass spectral studies. Confirmation of the cribrostatin 1 structure was achieved by X-ray crystallographic techniques.
Hepatitis C virus polyprotein vaccine formulations capable of inducing broad antibody and cellular immune responses (2006)

Although approximately 3 % of the world's population is infected with Hepatitis C virus (HCV), there is no prophylactic vaccine available. This study reports the design, cloning and purification of a single polyprotein comprising the HCV core protein and non-structural proteins NS3, NS4a, NS4b, NS5a and NS5b. The immunogenicity of this polyprotein, which was formulated in alum, oil-in-water emulsion MF59 or poly(dl-lactide co-glycolide) in the presence or absence of CpG adjuvant, was then determined in a murine model for induction of B- and T-cell responses. The addition of adjuvants or a delivery system to the HCV polyprotein enhanced serum antibody and T-cell proliferative responses, as well as IFN-gamma responses, by CD4+ T cells. The antibody responses were mainly against the NS3 and NS5 components of the polyprotein and relatively poor responses were elicited against NS4 and the core components. IFN-gamma responses, however, were induced against all of the individual components of the polyprotein. These data suggest that the HCV polyprotein delivered with adjuvants induces broad B- and T-cell responses and could be a vaccine candidate against HCV.
Pulsed-Ionization Miniature Ion Mobility Spectrometer (2003)

We have demonstrated a miniature ion mobility spectrometer (IMS) that employs single pulses of corona discharge ionization. IMS spectra of both positive and negative ions generated from ambient air were measured as a function of drift field under various ionization conditions. Ion mobility spectra were studied with various pulse widths for both positive and negative ions, giving insights into mechanisms and kinetics of corona discharge ionization used in the miniature IMS. A combination of a pulsed potential with a steady dc bias was used to generate ions in the miniature IMS. There was a threshold dc potential for ion generation for a given pulse height. The dc ionization threshold was found to decrease linearly with increasing pulse height.
Continuous‐Flow Synthesis of the Anti‐Malaria Drug Artemisinin (2012)

Malaria is a serious global health issue. Artemisinin combination treatments are the first-line drugs, but supplies are limited because artemisinin is obtained solely by extraction from Artemisia annua. A continuous-flow process that converts dihydroartemisinic acid into artemisinin (see scheme) was shown to be an inexpensive and scalable process that can ensure a steady, affordable supply of artemisinin.
Mesh Editing with Gradient Field Manipulation (2004)

MicroRNA (miRNA) is involved in many developmental processes and various abiotic stress responses in plants. As nitrogen is a limited element for plant growth, comparative analyses of miRNAs responding to low nitrogen stress is important for improving the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). We used high-throughput sequencing to detect the response of miRNAs to low nitrogen stress in the roots and leaves of Chrysanthemum nankingense. Compared with the control, the differential expression was more than 2-fold in 81 miRNAs in roots and 101 miRNAs in leaves. The identified miRNAs showed overlapping or unique response to nitrate limitation in roots and leaves, including several members of known miRNA families with low nitrogen stress response, such as miR156, miR169, and miR393. The potential target genes of these miRNAs were also identified. The total amount of predicted target genes was 219, and the corresponding amount of matched miRNAs was 37 in roots and 44 in leaves. Moreover, we used 5' RLM-RACE to map the cleavage sites in four predicted target genes. The differential expression level of miRNAs and target genes was verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). According to the functional characteristics of the predicted target genes, they were divided into three main categories: transcription factors, kinases, and metabolism.
Integrative rehabilitation of elderly stroke survivors: The design and evaluation of the<i>BrightArm</i>™ (2011)

Given these preliminary findings, it will be beneficial to evaluate the BrightArm through controlled clinical trials and to investigate its application to other clinical populations.