gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Observation on Causes of Adoption and Social Background of Children in Adoption Institution(5th Report) (2004)

Purpose:Through a review of data provided by an adoption institution, this study was designed to provide a clue to help to reduce the abandonment of children by comparing the conditions at birth, social background, reason for request for adoption, and the degree of dependence on foreign adoption compared with the previous four reports. Methods:A total of 445 children who had been admitted to an institution during the period of 1997 to 2001 were subjected to the study. Medical records were reviewed retrospectively. Results:The sex ratio of male to female was 1:0.87. The mean birth weight was 2.970.70 kg, and the mean gestational age was 38.82.4 weeks. Full term babies accounted for 82%. Most of the children(94.8%) admitted to the studied institution were under one month of age, which showed a significant increase compared to the previous results. Most of the children(98.9%) were delivered at a hospital and this percentage was significantly higher than that of the previous results. The average age of the mothers was 21.25.7 years. Most of them(52.1%) fell between the ages of 16 and 20, which showed a significant increase as compared to the previous result. Four hundred(89.9%) babies were first bornes, and the majority of adoption requests were made by unmarried mothers (83.6%). The vast majority(96.4%) were adopted in foreign countries. Conclusion:The main reason for adoption was the unmarried status of the baby's mothers and the maternal age tended to be younger. In order to reduce the number of unmarried mothers and consequent adoptions, first of all, an overall social view on adoption must change, and active promotion of domestic adoption must be carried out and supported by the country. (Korean J Pediatr 2004;47:264-268)
Combination of thermal cycling and vibration loading effects on the fatigue life of solder joints in a power module (2018)

In this work, the combination of vibration loading and thermal cycle effects on the fatigue properties of a solder joint in a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET) discrete was investigated. The fatigue mechanism under each loading mode was individually analyzed, and then according to the incremental damage superposition approach, the simultaneous effects were thoroughly studied. Under thermal cycling, the creep behavior of the solder is linked to the fatigue life. In fact, the creep accumulated strain in each thermal cycle has a straight relation to the failure time of solder joint. The origin of stress/strain in the assembly is owing to the sharp difference between coefficients of thermal expansions of the components in the electronic package. Regarding the vibration loading, the root mean square of peeling stress as a widely acceptable failure indicator was used to evaluate the vibration effects on the fatigue life. It is determined that the maximum stress is concentrated at the corner of solder layer. This result was similar to the outcomes of thermal cycling. The results also indicated that the combination of thermal and mechanical loadings accelerates the failure of the solder joint of the power MOSFET. Furthermore, the experimental and simulation studies showed similar results and approved the crack initiation at the corner of solder layer.
MARKETING'S FUTURE: AUTOMATION AND THE UPENDING OF CONVENTIONAL WISDOM (2015)

Marketing is experiencing dramatic change in the way it is being performed by companies and NPOs alike. In particular, marketing automation(MA)is revolutionizing the practice of marketing in three major areas: software, strategy and execution. MA software enhances and improves the productivity of those in an organization who are involved in marketing, sales, logistics and customer fulfillment, but it also taxes their traditional ways of doing things and─ like much automation─ forces them to work harder than ever. Chief marketing officers(CMO)have a rapidly growing array of MA tools at their disposal to help implement their strategies, but while execution has gotten a boost from the plethora of software solutions now available, there are also some aspects of marketing which cannot yet be improved simply by applying the artificial intelligence of algorithms.
Modeling Reportable Events as Turning Points in Narrative (2015)

We present novel experiments in modeling the rise and fall of story characteristics within narrative, leading up to the Most Reportable Event (MRE), the compelling event that is the nucleus of the story. We construct a corpus of personal narratives from the bulletin board website Reddit, using the organization of Reddit content into topic-specific communities to automatically identify narratives. Leveraging the structure of Reddit comment threads, we automatically label a large dataset of narratives. We present a change-based model of narrative that tracks changes in formality, affect, and other characteristics over the course of a story, and we use this model in distant supervision and selftraining experiments that achieve significant improvements over the baselines at the task of identifying MREs.
Low vision rehabilitation: vision requirements for driving. (1992)

Driving requires several different sets of abilities, the interaction of which is complex. The combination of these factors, rather than any single factor alone, may make it inadvisable to issue a driver's license. Although vision is the predominant source of information for the driver, visual abilities are only one of the factors to be considered when judging the overall driving ability of an applicant. The final determination can only be made through on-the-road evaluation and cannot be based on the evaluation of vision alone. Individual evaluations should include a review of the past driving record and of nonvisual driving-related abilities, as well as observation of on-the-road performance by a qualified driving instructor or driving evaluator.
A Dictionary of Dentistry (2020)

This dictionary covers thousands of important terms and concepts used in dentistry today. Entries are written in clear and concise English without the use of unnecessary dental or medical jargon, and many entries are supplemented by detailed line drawings or colour photographs. The dictionary defines terms in a broad range of dental specialist areas. In this edition expanded coverage has been given in particular to topics that include oral surgery, oral medicine, special care dentistry, anaesthesia, restorative dentistry, paediatric dentistry, anatomy, and orthodontics. An essential guide for dental practitioners and dental students, it is also an invaluable reference source for all members of the dental team, medical practitioners, lawyers involved with members of the dental profession, and the general reader.
Power efficiency of multi-blade drag typed VAWT by CFD simulation (2018)

In the present paper, CFD simulation is used to perform the numerical calculation of behaviours of multi-blade drag typed VAWT. The sliding grid technology, FLUENT software and PISO algorithm are involved. By taking wind power efficiency C p as the goal function, the optimal situations of multi-blade drag typed VAWT with 4 and 6 blades are conducted by CFD simulation. In this investigation, the variable parameters include the rotation rate of wind-mill ω , the blade installation angle θ and the blade width d . The results show that: the optimal working conditions for the 4-blade wind mill at the inlet wind speed 8 m/s are ω = 18 r/ min, θ = 28°, and d = 0.83 m, which induces an optimal wind power efficiency rate C p = 27.127%; the optimal working conditions for the 6-blade wind mill at the inlet wind speed 8 m/s are ω = 18 r/min, θ = 27°, and d = 0.67 m, which leads to an optimal wind power efficiency rate C p = 30.404%.
Nanoparticles for Cancer Targeting: Current and Future Directions (2016)

The targeting of pharmaceuticals is a rapidly evolving strategy to overcome the difficulties in therapeutic delivery, especially to the tumor site. Unlike traditional drug delivery systems, nanoparticles based compounds attain superior accretion in the tumor site by their active or passive mechanisms. Due to their exclusive properties like small size, large surface-to-volume ratio, tunable surface chemistry, and the ability to encapsulate various drugs, the nano-sized carriers provide longer circulation time; easy penetration into cellular membranes; efficient site-specific targeting. Recent advancements in polymeric- nanomedicines involve targeting of polymer-based nanoparticles (NPs), micelles, polyplexes, dendrimers, polymersomes, drug/protein conjugates and lipid hybrid systems to tumor pathological site. With different functional moieties, NPs improve the performance in terms of targetability, circulation longevity, enhanced intracellular penetration, stimuli-sensitivity, and carrier-mediated visualization. This review highlighted different preparative techniques and types of nanoparticles in the most recent developments in cancer treatment including promising opportunities in targeted; combination therapy; and other medical and biomedical applications. Various delivery strategies and future prospects of nanoparticles are also enlisted. Apart from that, the review discusses the potential advances and targeting of polymeric nanocarriers within the scope of cancer therapeutic system to emphasize it as an auxiliary tool to the customary drug delivery systems.
Tachycardia-Related Channel in the Scar Tissue in Patients With Sustained Monomorphic Ventricular Tachycardias (2004)

CCs represent areas of slow conduction that can be identified in 75% of patients with SMVT. A tiered decreasing-voltage definition of the scar is critical for CC identification.
A Knowledge Graph Framework for Detecting Traffic Events Using Stationary Cameras (2017)

With the rapid increase in urban development, it is critical to utilize dynamic sensor streams for traffic understanding, especially in larger cities where route planning or infrastructure planning is more critical. This creates a strong need to understand traffic patterns using ubiquitous sensors to allow city officials to be better informed when planning urban construction and to provide an understanding of the traffic dynamics in the city. In this study, we propose our framework ITSKG (Imagery-based Traffic Sensing Knowledge Graph) which utilizes the stationary traffic camera information as sensors to understand the traffic patterns. The proposed system extracts image-based features from traffic camera images, adds a semantic layer to the sensor data for traffic information, and then labels traffic imagery with semantic labels such as congestion. We share a prototype example to highlight the novelty of our system and provide an online demo to enable users to gain a better understanding of our system. This framework adds a new dimension to existing traffic modeling systems by incorporating dynamic image-based features as well as creating a knowledge graph to add a layer of abstraction to understand and interpret concepts like congestion to the traffic event detection system.
i‐Net+Webテキスト (2004)

第１章 Ｗｅｂ概論（Ｗｅｂの歴史；Ｗｅｂブラウザ ほか） 第２章 マークアップ言語（ＨＴＭＬの紹介；ＨＴＭＬの基本 ほか） 第３章 Ｗｅｂプログラミング（プログラム言語の使用；Ｗｅｂデータベース ほか） 第４章 Ｅビジネスコンセプト（Ｅコマース；イントラネットとエクストラネット ほか）
Extensions of the EM Algorithm (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction ECM Algorithm Multicycle ECM Algorithm Example 5.2: Normal Mixtures with Equal Correlations Example 5.3: Mixture Models for Survival Data Example 5.4: Contingency Tables with Incomplete Data ECME Algorithm Example 5.5: Maximum Likelihood Estimation of t-Distribution with Unknown Degrees of Freedom Example 5.6: Variance Components Linear Mixed Models Example 5.8: Factor Analysis Efficient Data Augmentation Alternating ECM Algorithm Example 5.9: Mixtures of Factor Analyzers Parameter-Expanded EM (PX-EM) Algorithm EMS Algorithm One-Step-Late Algorithm Variance Estimation for Penalized EM and OSL Algorithms Incremental EM Linear Inverse Problems
Applications of Laser Scanning Cytometry in Immunohistochemistry and Routine Histopathology (2008)

Laser scanning cytometry (LSC) is a powerful tool for qualitative and quantitative analysis of tissue sections in preclinical drug development. LSC combines the strengths of flow cytometry with tissue architecture retention. This technology has been used predominantly with immunofluorescent techniques on cell culture and tissue sections, but recently LSC has shown promise in evaluating chromogenic immunohistochemistry (IHC) and histochemical products in paraffin-embedded and/or frozen tissue sections. Inverted light scatter measurements or a combination of inverted scatter and fluorescence allows automated determination of cell/nuclear counts (e.g., proliferation labeling indices), cell area (e.g., cellular hypertrophy), stromal elements, and labeling intensity (e.g., cytoplasmic/organellar proteins) in chromogen-labeled IHC or histochemical stained sections that correlates well with standard manual quantification methods. Segmentation with autofluorescence or dual immunolabeling facilitates capture of labeling data from specific cell populations. LSC evaluation of HE-stained sections is accomplished using autofluorescence/eosin fluorescence and inverse scatter. A standardized fluorescent approach with archivability, a lack of fluorescence quenching (photobleaching), and amenability to evaluation of multiple markers in a section has been demonstrated using Qdot nanocrystals. Examples of LSC use in chromogenic IHC, routine histopathology, and Qdot labeling will be reviewed, and advantages and disadvantages of this technology will be discussed.
An Exploration of Softmax Alternatives Belonging to the Spherical Loss Family (2015)

In a multi-class classification problem, it is standard to model the output of a neural network as a categorical distribution conditioned on the inputs. The output must therefore be positive and sum to one, which is traditionally enforced by a softmax. This probabilistic mapping allows to use the maximum likelihood principle, which leads to the well-known log-softmax loss. However the choice of the softmax function seems somehow arbitrary as there are many other possible normalizing functions. It is thus unclear why the log-softmax loss would perform better than other loss alternatives. In particular Vincent et al. (2015) recently introduced a class of loss functions, called the spherical family, for which there exists an efficient algorithm to compute the updates of the output weights irrespective of the output size. In this paper, we explore several loss functions from this family as possible alternatives to the traditional log-softmax. In particular, we focus our investigation on spherical bounds of the log-softmax loss and on two spherical log-likelihood losses, namely the log-Spherical Softmax suggested by Vincent et al. (2015) and the log-Taylor Softmax that we introduce. Although these alternatives do not yield as good results as the log-softmax loss on two language modeling tasks, they surprisingly outperform it in our experiments on MNIST and CIFAR-10, suggesting that they might be relevant in a broad range of applications.
Designing 3-D optical dilation multistage interconnection networks (2002)

Three-dimensional multistage interconnection network designs based on a dilation structure are described. The dilation interconnection structure provides a space-invariant property among switching elements, which is suitable for constructing optical networks. Two different dilation topologies are discussed. One has the conventional rectangular shape, and the other uses the most space-compact hexagonal structure. Routing in the network is discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
TPA‐induced activation of MAP kinase (1991)

Threonine and tyrosine residue phosphorylation of a 42 kDa protein identified as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) was stimulated in extracts from TPA-pretreated cells. It is further shown that TPA pretreatment leads to the enhancement of an activity that will induce reactivation of dephosphorylated/inactivated MAP kinase. This TPA-induced activity induces the threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation of p42 in extracts from unstimulated cells.
Power-saving heterogeneous networks through optimal small-cell scheduling (2014)

Traditional macro-cell networks are experiencing an explosion of data traffic, and small-cell can efficiently solve this problem by efficiently offloading the traffic from macro-cells. Given massive small-cells deployed in each over-crowed macro-cell, their aggregate power consumption (though low for an individual) can be larger than that of a macro-cell. To reduce the total power consumption of a whole heterogeneous network (HetNet) including macro-cells and small-cells, we dynamically schedule the operating modes of all small-cells (active or sleeping) in each macro-cell, while keeping the macro-cell active to avoid any service failure in coverage. When mobile users (MUs) are homogeneously distributed in a macro-cell according to a Poisson point process (PPP), we optimally propose small-cell location-based scheduling scheme to progressively decide the states of small-cells according to their distances to the corresponding macro-cell base station. Finally, we turn to a more general case where MUs are heterogeneously distributed in different small-cells. We first prove that the optimal scheduling problem is NP-hard and then propose a location-and-coverage-based scheduling algorithm which gives a suboptimal solution in polynomial-time. Simulation results show that the performance loss of our proposed algorithm is less than 1 percentage from the perspective of network power consumption.
Simulation of Rutting Behavior of Asphalt Pavement Based on Real Temperature Field (2008)

By taking into account the temperature fields as field variables in the rutting simulation and defining the mechanical parameters as the function of temperature variable, the rutting simulation method with consideration of consecutive temperature variation could be developed in ABAQUS. This method can be used to address the short-term behavior of pavement rutting and is more reasonable and effective for rutting prediction. And based on temperature field analysis and laboratory material tests of pavement, the reasonable simulation model and method considering consecutive temperature variance was used to study the effect of exterior factors (temperature and load) on rutting of asphalt pavement and to analyze the behavior of rutting under different temperature and loading. The results show that, (1) the rutting analysis closer to the field condition can be simulated using the simulation method considering consecutive temperature variation; (2) rutting usually occurs at the average daily air temperature of 20 degrees or higher, and the higher the average daily air temperature, the longer the time with the potential of rutting occurrence; (3) under the same temperature condition and accumulated loading time, rutting depth increases roughly linearly with the increasing contact pressure, while the increase will have more chance to be nonlinear on condition of overloading; (4) through regulating traffic (especially low-speed and overloading) to avoid its appearance at the high-temperature period of time, the rutting potential will be significantly reduced.
Human Dendritic Cells Activated via Dectin-1 Are Efficient at Priming Th17, Cytotoxic CD8 T and B Cell Responses (2010)

These data demonstrate that DCs stimulated through Dectin-1 can generate efficient Th, CTL and B cell responses and can therefore be used as effective mucosal and systemic adjuvants in humans.
Polymerisationen und polymerisationsinitiatoren, 16. Einfluß von Thioxo‐Gruppen in barbitursäurederivaten auf die polymerisationsauslösung von methacrylsäure‐methylester (1975)

Abstract 5‐Alkyl‐1,3‐dimethylbarbitursäuren lösen in Gegenwart von Cu 2+ , Cl − und Luftsauerstoff die radikalische Polymerisation von Methacrylsäuremethylester aus. Die Initiatorwirkung wi+d durch Thioxo‐Gruppen in 2‐Stellung etwas verstärkt, in 4‐ bzw. 4,6‐Stellung dagegen stark vermindert. Die Wirkung dieser 4‐ bzw. 4,6‐Thioxobarbitursäuren als Inhibitoren beruht auf der Stabilisierung der primär gebildeten Radikale durch die benachbarten Thioxo‐Gruppen, wodurch Weiterreaktion am S‐Atom unter Dimerisierung zu Disulfiden erfolgt. Bei der Cu(II)‐katalysierten Polymerisationsauslösung wird die Inhibierung durch die Bildung schwerlöslicher Kupfer(I)thioxobarbiturate noch verstärkt.
ON THE RELATIONSHIP OF ATP DEPLETION TO CHEMOTHERAPEUTICALLY-INDUCED TUMOR-REGRESSION (1995)

A positive correlation was found between increasing ATP depletion and enhanced tumor-regressing activity by combining PMA, a three drug combination (PALA, MMPR+6-AN), with FUra, or Adria, or FUra+Adria. For example, at 48 h post treatment, ATP was 68% of saline controls with a 10% tumor regression rate (PMA); ATP was 55% with a 60% regression rate (PMA+FUra); ATP was 54% with an 80% regression rate (PMA+Adria); and ATP was 30% with a;100% regression rate (PMA+FUra+Adria). The results give support to the suggestion that ATP depletion may be a significant factor in the production of chemotherapeutically-induced apoptosis.
arXiv : Systematic studies and optimization of super sensitivity gaseous detectors of sparks, open flames and smoke (2020)

A review of the current progress in developments and tests of supersensitive gaseous detectors of open flame, sparks and smoke is given. A focus on the latest developments is on flat panel type sensors. This design, after further modification, will allow building not only a high efficiency detector but also offers UV imaging capability for flame visualization and several other applications. These studies were done in the framework of ATTRACT-SMART project.
Subpicosecond gain dynamics in InGaAsP optical amplifiers: Experiment and theory (1992)

Pump-probe measurements on bulk InGaAsP optical amplifiers are compared with numerical calculations based on simplified density matrix equations. We find that the gain dynamics is well described by the combined effect of carrier heating, spectral holeburning, and two-photon absorption.
An improved phage-display panning method to produce an HM-1 killer toxin anti-idiotypic antibody (2009)

The scFv antibodies generated after modified subtractive panning appear to have superior binding properties and cytocidal activity than regular panning. A simple modification of the elution condition in the phage-display panning protocol makes a large difference in determining success. Our method offers an attractive platform to discover potential therapeutic candidates.
Electrodeposition of Zn–Fe Alloys Using Electrolytes of the System ZnO–(ferrous gluconate)–KOH (2006)

ZnO–(ferrous gluconate)–KOH electrolytes were developed as novel alkaline baths for electrodeposition of Zn–Fe alloys. Ferrous gluconate is chosen due to its uniquely high solubility in concentrated KOH solution without an additional complexing agent. The electrical conductivity of the proposed baths is , 2.5–2.7 times that of a known formula. The cathodic current efficiency of the proposed baths is higher than that of the known formula (16–31% vs 10–17%). Fe content in the Zn–Fe deposits increases with increasing ion ratio in the baths and current density of deposition. The anticorrosion property of the deposits depends on their iron content. Zn–27.5 atom % Fe is the best due to its lowest corrosion current , being 60% lower than that of Zn-only coating and the noblest corrosion voltage . Therefore, the ZnO–(ferrous gluconate)–KOH system is promising because it is very simple, highly conductive, nontoxic, and efficient.