gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Accelerated wound healing in tumor necrosis factor receptor p55‐deficient mice with reduced leukocyte infiltration (2002)

To clarify biological roles of tumor necrosis factor receptor p55 (TNF-Rp55) -mediated signals in wound healing, skin excisions were prepared in BALB/c (WT) and TNF-Rp55-deficient (KO) mice. In WT mice, the wound area was reduced to 50% of the original area 6 days after injury, with angiogenesis and collagen accumulation. Histopathologically, reepithelialization rate was approximately 80% 6 days. Myeloperoxidase activity and macrophage recruitment were the most evident 1 and 6 days after injury, respectively. Gene expression of adhesion molecules, interleukin 1alpha (IL-1alpha), IL-1beta, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha (MIP-1alpha), MIP-2, transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Flt-1, and Flk-1 was enhanced at the wound site. In KO mice, an enhancement in angiogenesis, collagen content, and reepithelialization was accelerated with the increased gene expression of TGF-beta1, CTGF, VEGF, Flt-1, and Flk-1 at the wound sites, resulting in accelerated wound healing compared with WT mice. In contrast, leukocyte infiltration, mRNA expression of adhesion molecules, and cytokines were significantly reduced in KO mice. These observations suggest that TNF-Rp55-mediated signals have some role in promoting leukocyte infiltration at the wound site and negatively affect wound healing, probably by reducing angiogenesis and collagen accumulation.
Inhibitory effects of captopril on protein synthesis ofcultured neonatal rat heart cells (1995)

By using myocardial cells in culture as amodel. the effccts of captopnl (Cap) on the growth of cardiacmyocytc were observed. The results showed that there was nosignificani change in cell number. but a significant decrease of9%. 18% in total cellular protein alter 72 h exposure to Cap20. 200 umol · L￣(-1) . Forty-eight hours exposure to 1. 10. 100)nmol · L￣(-1) angiotensin Ⅱ caused a 29%. 53%. 70% incrcascin protein synthesis as measured by [￣3H]leucine incorporation,but no significant change in DNA synthesis Cap 20. 200ymol · L￣(-1) were able to reduce the protein synthesis in thepresence and absence of 100 nmol · L￣(-1) angiotensin Ⅱ. The re-sults suggested that the direct inhibitory action of Cap on thegrowth of myocytes may bc rclated to the cardiachyperi rophy。
On being less tolerant: Enhanced cancer immunosurveillance enabled by targeting checkpoints and agonists of T cell activation (2015)

The recent approvals of two drugs that block the function of the immune checkpoint programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) have firmly planted tumor immunotherapy in the mainstream of clinical oncology. We provide a historical and immunologic context for these recent advances and discuss translational studies that provide insight into the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy at the individual patient level.
Models for Pricing Decisions (1978)

The authors review the major pricing decisions that must be made by managers, explain the current price decision models, and suggest the developments necessary before pricing decisions can become more “scientific” in orientation. They suggest ways market researchers can contribute to the creative development of new approaches to solving pricing problems.
Kohonen neural networks for optimal colour quantization (1994)

We present a self-organizing Kohonen neural network for quantizing colour graphics images. The network is compared with existing algorithmic methods for colour quantization. It is shown experimentally that, by adjusting a quality factor, the network can produce images of much greater quality with longer running times, or slightly better quality with shorter running times than the existing methods. This confounds the frequent observation that Kohonen neural networks are necessarily slow. The continuity of the colour map produced can be exploited for further image compression, or for colour palette editing.
Development of a Flexible Temperature Sensor Array System (2008)

A flexible temperature sensor array and a scanning system are developed in this paper. A 16×16 temperature sensor array in a 25×20 mm2 area is fabricated on a flexible copper-PI substrate using MEMS fabrication technology. Platinum is employed as the temperature sensing material, which is often so called the resistance temperature detector (RTD). Copper patterns on both sides of the flexible substrate serve as the row and column interconnects for scanning circuitry. In each element of the temperature sensor array, the resistance of platinum, which is patterned by lift-off process, can be measured by the scanning system.
Architecture evaluation for power-efficient FPGAs (2003)

This paper presents a flexible FPGA architecture evaluation framework, named fpgaEVA-LP, for power efficiency analysis of LUT-based FPGA architectures. Our work has several contributions: (i) We develop a mixed-level FPGA power model that combines switch-level models for interconnects and macromodels for LUTs; (ii) We develop a tool that automatically generates a back-annotated gate-level netlist with post-layout extracted capacitances and delays; (iii) We develop a cycle-accurate power simulator based on our power model. It carries out gate-level simulation under real delay model and is able to capture glitch power; (iv) Using the framework fpgaEVA-LP, we study the power efficiency of FPGAs, in 0.10um technology, under various settings of architecture parameters such as LUT sizes, cluster sizes and wire segmentation schemes and reach several important conclusions. We also present the detailed power consumption distribution among different FPGA components and shed light on the potential opportunities of power optimization for future FPGA designs (e.g., ≤: 0.10um technology).
Integration of fog and IoT model for the future smart grid (2017)

A modern power grid with smart devices, smart houses, smart meter, smart vehicle and transmission lines connected through a network constitute smart grid. Unlike the traditional structure of power grid, a smart grid provides transparency between the customer and distributor and having a property of self-healing and self-monitoring. In this paper, an integrated approach of fog and IOT is presented as a backbone for smart grid structure. Wherein the micro-grid concept is proposed with fog to extend the feature to the end users and efficient load balancing and power consumption technique are being introduced. Private data of smart meter is secured by the use of RSA algorithm at the fog server. Further, smart street light is integrated with fog server for efficient load balancing.
Soy consumption and cholesterol reduction: review of animal and human studies. (1995)

Animal proteins such as casein are more hypercholesterolemic than soy protein or other plant proteins when fed to rabbits in low-fat, cholesterol-free, semipurified diets. A casein-amino acid mixture produces a hypercholesterolemia similar to that of casein. This appears to be mainly due to lysine and methionine, although other essential amino acids probably contribute to the effect. Arginine appeared to counteract the hypercholesterolemic effects of other essential amino acids. Soy protein gave a lower level of serum cholesterol in rabbits than did a soy protein-amino acid mixture, suggesting the presence of factors in soy protein that counteract the effects of hypercholesterolemic amino acids. Soy protein is also less hypercholesterolemic than casein in other animal species, particularly when the diet contains cholesterol, and substitution of soy protein for animal protein in the diet reduces the concentration of serum cholesterol in humans. This effect is somewhat variable but is generally greater in hypercholesterolemic than in normocholesterolemic subjects. The differing effects of dietary proteins on serum cholesterol concentrations in humans and in rabbits are primarily due to changes in LDL cholesterol, and the hypercholesterolemia produced by dietary casein is associated with down-regulation of hepatic LDL receptors.
ElliPS: A Privacy Preserving Scheme for Sensor Data Storage and Query (2009)

With in-network sensor data storage and query, storage nodes are responsible for storing the data collected by sensor nodes and answering queries from users. Thus, without proper protection for data types and user queries, compromise of storage nodes and/or sensor nodes may reveal sensitive information about the sensed environment as well as users' private interests and query patterns. In this paper, we explore trade-offs between privacy, computation overhead, communication overhead, network flexibility and network complexity, and propose ElliPS (Elliptic curve based Privacy Scheme) to provide joint protection on data type privacy and query privacy in the presence of sensor node compromise, storage node compromise, or under collusive attacks by compromised sensor nodes and storage nodes together. Extensive analysis and simulation are conducted to verify the security properties and efficiency of the proposed scheme.
Predictive image compression for interactive remote visualization (2004)

The standard way of remotely visualizing 3D models is by first downloading them to the user's computer, and then rendering them. This approach is plagued by many problems which can be overcome by moving the rendering at server's side and by essentially turning interactive visualization into the transmission of user's prompted images. How to effectively compress the rendered views which need to be transmitted to the client is a fundamental issue within this remote visualization scenario. This work presents a predictive compression scheme for remote visualization based on image based rendering. Its experimental performance is discussed with respect to the use of JPEG and JPEG2000 within it.
AlGaN/GaN HEMTs with Recessed Ohmic Electrodes on Si Substrates (2006)

Abstract not Available.
Direct DNA Methylation Profiling Using Methyl Binding Domain Proteins (2010)

Methylation of DNA is responsible for gene silencing by establishing heterochromatin structure that represses transcription, and studies have shown that cytosine methylation of CpG islands in promoter regions acts as a precursor to early cancer development. The naturally occurring methyl binding domain (MBD) proteins from mammals are known to bind to the methylated CpG dinucleotide (mCpG) and subsequently recruit other chromatin-modifying proteins to suppress transcription. Conventional methods of detection for methylated DNA involve bisulfite treatment or immunoprecipitation prior to performing an assay. We focus on proof-of-concept studies for a direct microarray-based assay using surface-bound methylated probes. The recombinant protein 1xMBD-GFP recognizes hemimethylation and symmetric methylation of the CpG sequence of hybridized dsDNA, while displaying greater affinity for the symmetric methylation motif, as evaluated by SPR. From these studies, for symmetric mCpG, the K(D) for 1xMBD-GFP ranged from 106 to 870 nM, depending upon the proximity of the methylation site to the sensor surface. The K(D) values for nonsymmetrical methylation motifs were consistently greater (>2 muM), but the binding selectivity between symmetric and hemimethylation motifs ranged from 4 to 30, with reduced selectivity for sites close to the surface or multiple sites in proximity, which we attribute to steric effects. Fitting skew normal probability density functions to our data, we estimate an accuracy of 97.5% for our method in identifying methylated CpG loci, which can be improved through optimization of probe design and surface density.
Effectiveness of photodynamic therapy and sodium hypochlorite on root canal system infected with Enterococcus faecalis – An in vitro study (2016)

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy and sodium hypochlorite over root canal system infected with Enterococcus faecalis.Methods: The root canals of 45 single-rooted human extracted teeth were enlarged up to a file 60, autoclaved, inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis and incubated for 30 days. The samples were divided into five groups (G1 – n=5; G2-G5 – n=10) according to the protocol of decontamination: G1 (negative control) – no procedure was performed; G2 – distilled water; G3 – hotodynamictherapy (PDT); G4 – 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); and G5 – 2.5% NaOCl+PDT. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of proposed treatments. The assessment was made by images of each third at 5000x magnification for the canal wall and 10000x for the exposed tubule area. The presence of bacteria was scored by position ranks from 1 to 45, where the higher the value, the cleanliness of the sample. Data were subjected to one-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc Tukey test (α=0.05).Results: Group 4 (2.5% NaOCl) and 5 (2.5% NaOCl + PDT) had the highest mean of position ranks for all thirds of the root canal in the canal wall, which was statistically different from groups 1, 2 and 3 (p<0.05). Group 3 (PDT), group 4 (2.5% NaOCl) and 5 (2.5% NaOCl+PDT) had the highest mean of position ranks in the exposed tubule area, which was statistically different from groups 1 and 2 (p<0.05).Conclusion: the association of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite + photodynamic therapy can be considered an effective protocol for the elimination of Enterococcus faecalis.
Oncogene amplifications in early‐stage human prostate carcinomas (1994)

Oncogene amplifications are frequently found in solid tumours and are often associated with more aggressively growing forms of human cancer. The proto-oncogenes c-myc, c-erbB2/neu and the 11q13 band are the most frequently amplified regions in adenocarcinomas of various origins. The present study was undertaken to define whether c-myc, int2/FGF3 (11q13 region) and c-erbB2/neu genes are involved in prostate tumorigenesis. Tumours and peripheral lymphocyte DNA from 21 localized early-stage prostatic carcinomas were analysed by Southern-blot electrophoresis for amplification of the c-myc and c-erbB2/neu genes and the 11q13 region (int2/FGF3). We detected no amplification of these 3 oncogenes in our panel.
Oleanolic, Ursolic, and Betulinic Acids as Food Supplements or Pharmaceutical Agents for Type 2 Diabetes: Promise or Illusion? (2016)

Oleanolic (OA), ursolic (UA), and betulinic (BA) acids are three triterpenic acids (TAs) with potential effects for treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Mechanistic studies showed that these TAs act as hypoglycemic and antiobesity agents mainly through (i) reducing the absorption of glucose; (ii) decreasing endogenous glucose production; (iii) increasing insulin sensitivity; (iv) improving lipid homeostasis; and (v) promoting body weight regulation. Besides these promising beneficial effects, it is believed that OA, UA, and BA protect against diabetes-related comorbidities due to their antiatherogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. We also highlight the protective effect of OA, UA, and BA against oxidative damage, which may be very relevant for the treatment and/or prevention of T2DM. In the present review, we provide an integrative description of the antidiabetic properties of OA, UA, and BA, evaluating the potential use of these TAs as food supplements or pharmaceutical agents to prevent and/or treat T2DM.
Activation of NF-κB Is Essential for Hepatocyte Growth Factor-Mediated Proliferation and Tubulogenesis (2002)

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor, Met, regulate a number of biological functions in epithelial and nonepithelial cells, such as survival, motility, proliferation, and tubular morphogenesis. The transcription factor NF-kappaB is activated in response to a wide variety of stimuli, including growth factors, and is involved in biological responses in part overlapping with those triggered by HGF. In this work we used the liver-derived MLP29 cell line to study the possible involvement of NF-kappaB in HGF/Met signaling. HGF stimulates NF-kappaB DNA binding and transcriptional activation via the canonical IkappaB phosphorylation-degradation cycle and via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase is not involved in Met-mediated NF-kappaB activation. Blockage of NF-kappaB activation in MLP29 cells by forced expression of the NF-kappaB super-repressor IkappaB(alpha)2A does not interfere with HGF-induced scatter but inhibits proliferation and tubulogenesis. Surprisingly, in the same cells NF-kappaB appears to be dispensable for the antiapoptotic function of HGF.
Classification of posture and activities by using decision trees (2012)

Obesity prevention and treatment as well as healthy life style recommendation requires the estimation of everyday physical activity. Monitoring posture allocations and activities with sensor systems is an effective method to achieve the goal. However, at present, most devices available rely on multiple sensors distributed on the body, which might be too obtrusive for everyday use. In this study, data was collected from a wearable shoe sensor system (SmartShoe) and a decision tree algorithm was applied for classification with high computational accuracy. The dataset was collected from 9 individual subjects performing 6 different activities--sitting, standing, walking, cycling, and stairs ascent/descent. Statistical features were calculated and the classification with decision tree classifier was performed, after which, advanced boosting algorithm was applied. The computational accuracy is as high as 98.85% without boosting, and 98.90% after boosting. Additionally, the simple tree structure provides a direct approach to simplify the feature set.
Atomic delegation: object-oriented transactions (1991)

Atomic delegation, an object-oriented linguistic mechanism that allows the creation of dynamically defined classes of atomic actions is presented. When a type is modified, atomic delegation updates functionalities of the the types that delegate to the modified type. This mechanism permits dynamic binding and code reuse in atomic actions. The Sina language is used to illustrate the utility of atomic delegation in the modeling of a real-world problem, involving an office with a number of departments, using object-oriented techniques. Implementation issues are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Domain II plays a crucial role in the function of ribosome recycling factor (2006)

RRF (ribosome recycling factor) consists of two domains, and in concert with EF-G (elongation factor-G), triggers dissociation of the post-termination ribosomal complex. However, the function of the individual domains of RRF remains unclear. To clarify this, two RRF chimaeras, EcoDI/TteDII and TteDI/EcoDII, were created by domain swaps between the proteins from Escherichia coli and Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis. The ribosome recycling activity of the RRF chimaeras was compared with their wild-type RRFs by using in vivo and in vitro activity assays. Like wild-type TteRRF (T. tengcongensis RRF), the EcoDI/TteDII chimaera is non-functional in E. coli, but both wild-type TteRRF, and EcoDI/TteDII can be activated by coexpression of T. tengcongensis EF-G in E. coli. By contrast, like wild-type E. coli RRF (EcoRRF), TteDI/EcoDII is fully functional in E. coli. These findings suggest that domain II of RRF plays a crucial role in the concerted action of RRF and EF-G for the post-termination complex disassembly, and the specific interaction between RRF and EF-G on ribosomes mainly depends on the interaction between domain II of RRF and EF-G. This study provides direct genetic and biochemical evidence for the function of the individual domains of RRF.
Study of process dependent reliability in SiOC dielectric interconnects and film (2004)

Carbon doped oxides undergo surface carbon depletion induced by plasma etch and clean processes. The effect of this surface damage on dielectric reliability was assessed in patterned and blanket films using current-voltage (IV) methods. Among the process steps characterized, SiC etching imparted higher surface roughness and resulted in lower breakdown strength and higher leakage due to irreversible surface damage and carbon depletion of the SiOC dielectric. Moreover, it is postulated that fluoride ions from the etching plasma can penetrate the bulk SiOC dielectric, causing a significant increase in k-value.
A Cascaded Sigma-Delta Pipeline ADC Structure Design (2006)

This paper discussed a 2-order 5-bit Sigma-Delta modulator cascaded 12-bit pipeline ADC structure, analyzed its noise characteristic, provided main building block circuit structure, and presented behavioral and circuit simulation result, circuit implementation and layout design
The Unhappy Cosmetic Patient: Lessons From Unfavorable Online Reviews of Minimally and Noninvasive Cosmetic Procedures (2019)

Ineffectiveness and complications were the most common reasons for dissatisfaction among all treatments analyzed. Patient-reported outcome data may offer insight into how physicians can improve their patient's satisfaction with cosmetic procedures.
SHORT COMMUNICATION: ACCELERATED PUBLICATION: Multicrystalline silicon solar cells exceeding 20% efficiency (2004)

Abstract This paper presents the first conversion efficiency above 20% for a multicrystalline silicon solar cell. The application of wet oxidation for rear surface passivation significantly reduces the process temperature and therefore prevents the degradation of minority‐carrier lifetime. The excellent optical properties of the dielectrically passivated rear surface in combination with a plasma textured front surface result in a superior light trapping and allow the use of substrates below 100 μm thickness. A simplified process scheme with laser‐fired rear contacts leads to conversion efficiencies of 20·3% for multicrystalline and 21·2% for monocrystalline silicon solar cells on small device areas (1 cm 2 ). Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Domain-interface dynamics of CFTR revealed by stabilizing nanobodies (2019)

Abstract The leading cause of cystic fibrosis (CF) is the deletion of phenylalanine 508 (F508del) in the first nucleotide-binding domain (NBD1) of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). The mutation affects the thermodynamic stability of the domain and the integrity of the interface between NBD1 and the transmembrane domain leading to its clearance by the quality control system. Here, we develop nanobodies targeting NBD1 of human CFTR and demonstrate their ability to stabilize both isolated NBD1 and full-length protein. Crystal structures of NBD1-nanobody complexes provide an atomic description of the epitopes and reveal the molecular basis for stabilization. Furthermore, our data uncover a conformation of CFTR, involving detachment of NBD1 from the transmembrane domain, which contrast with the compact assembly observed in cryo-EM structures. This unexpected interface rearrangement is likely to have major relevance for CF pathogenesis but also for the normal function of CFTR and other ABC proteins.