gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Common mode EMI study and reduction technique in interleaved Multi-channel PFC (2008)

Interleaved Multi-channel Power factor correction (PFC) converter is very popular nowadays with its ability to reduce the input and output current ripples. In this paper, common mode (CM) EMI noise emission model of multi-channel PFC is studied. Topology modification to implement balance technique is made to reduce its CM noise emission. To improve the high frequency balance, a novel topology with coupled inductor structure is proposed. Design guideline is provided to achieve balance in practice. This topology can greatly reduce CM noise with only little changes to the original multi-channel PFC topology. Effects of phase shift and channel shedding on this solution are also studied. The proposed topology has effectively reduced CM noise under any phase shift and channel shedding condition. A two-channel PFC is built to verify the proposed balance technique. Experimental results show that CM noise is reduced up to 20dBuV between 150 kHz and 7 MHz.
Development of Small Molecule MEIS Inhibitors that modulate HSC activity (2020)

Abstract Meis1 , which belongs to TALE-type class of homeobox gene family, appeared as one of the key regulators of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal and a potential therapeutical target. However, small molecule inhibitors of MEIS1 remained unknown. This led us to develop inhibitors of MEIS1 that could modulate HSC activity. To this end, we have established a library of relevant homeobox family inhibitors and developed a high-throughput in silico screening strategy against homeodomain of MEIS proteins using the AutoDock Vina and PaDEL-ADV platform. We have screened over a million druggable small molecules in silico and selected putative MEIS inhibitors (MEISi) with no predicted cytotoxicity or cardiotoxicity. This was followed by in vitro validation of putative MEIS inhibitors using MEIS dependent luciferase reporter assays and analysis in the ex vivo HSC assays. We have shown that small molecules named MEISi-1 and MEISi-2 significantly inhibit MEIS-luciferase reporters in vitro and induce murine (LSKCD34 low cells) and human (CD34 + , CD133 + , and ALDH hi cells) HSC self-renewal ex vivo . In addition, inhibition of MEIS proteins results in downregulation of Meis1 and MEIS1 target gene expression including Hif-1α, Hif-2α and HSC quiescence modulators. MEIS inhibitors are effective in vivo as evident by induced HSC content in the murine bone marrow and downregulation of expression of MEIS target genes. These studies warrant identification of first-in-class MEIS inhibitors as potential pharmaceuticals to be utilized in modulation of HSC activity and bone marrow transplantation studies.
Mutation of Archaeal Isopentenyl Phosphate Kinase Highlights Mechanism and Guides Phosphorylation of Additional Isoprenoid Monophosphates (2010)

The biosynthesis of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) from either the mevalonate (MVA) or the 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate (DXP) pathway provides the key metabolite for primary and secondary isoprenoid biosynthesis. Isoprenoid metabolism plays crucial roles in membrane stability, steroid biosynthesis, vitamin production, protein localization, defense and communication, photoprotection, sugar transport, and glycoprotein biosynthesis. Recently, an alternative branch of the MVA pathway was discovered in the archaeon Methanocaldococcus jannaschii involving a small molecule kinase, isopentenyl phosphate kinase (IPK). IPK belongs to the amino acid kinase (AAK) superfamily. In vitro, IPK phosphorylates isopentenyl monophosphate (IP) in an ATP and Mg(2+)-dependent reaction producing IPP. Here, we describe crystal structures of IPK from M. jannaschii refined to nominal resolutions of 2.0-2.8 A. Notably, an active site histidine residue (His60) forms a hydrogen bond with the terminal phosphate of both substrate and product. This His residue serves as a marker for a subset of the AAK family that catalyzes phosphorylation of phosphate or phosphonate functional groups; the larger family includes carboxyl-directed kinases, which lack this active site residue. Using steady-state kinetic analysis of H60A, H60N, and H60Q mutants, the protonated form of the Nepsilon(2) nitrogen of His60 was shown to be essential for catalysis, most likely through hydrogen bond stabilization of the transition state accompanying transphosphorylation. Moreover, the structures served as the starting point for the engineering of IPK mutants capable of the chemoenzymatic synthesis of longer chain isoprenoid diphosphates from monophosphate precursors.
Preparation and properties of 7α-formamido cephalosporins (1987)

The preparation of novel antibacterially active 7α-formamido cephalosporins from the corresponding 7α-(methylthio) analogues by mercury (II)-mediated displacement with ammonia and subsequent formylation is described. The amine (2), a versatile intermediate, was prepared and acylated to give a wider range of 7α-formamido cephalosporins. Modifications at C-3 are discussed, in particular the preparation of the 3-(heterocyclylthiomethyl) cephalosporin (44) and the 3-(pyridylmethyl) derivative (49).
Terahertz interferometric and synthetic aperture imaging (2006)

The stand-off imaging properties of a terahertz (THz) interferometric array are examined. For this application, the imaged object is in the near-field region limit of the imaging array. In this region, spherical and circular array architectures can compensate for near-field distortions and increase the field of view and depth of focus. Imaging of THz point sources is emphasized to demonstrate the imaging method and to compare theoretical predictions to experimental performance.
Fast Wavelength Locking of a Microring Resonator (2014)

Microring resonator devices require thermal initialization to match their intended operating wavelengths in a process called wavelength locking. We use the dither technique, where we apply a small periodic signal to the microring's integrated heater, to demonstrate reliable wavelength locking of a microring resonator filter to an operating wavelength at a wavelength shift rate of 0.012 nm/μs, an order of magnitude faster than previous demonstrations. We also identify and characterize fundamental speed limits of the wavelength locking process, showing that the integrated-heater bandwidth is the limiting factor.
HMM-Based Speech Enhancement using Explicit Gain Modeling (2006)

We propose a hidden Markov model (HMM) based speech enhancement method using explicit modeling of speech and noise gains. The gains are considered to be stochastic variables in an HMM framework. The speech gain models the energy variations of speech phones, typically due to differences in pronunciation and/or different vocalizations of individual speakers. The noise gain helps to improve the tracking of the time-varying energy of non-stationary noise. The time-varying parameters of the gain models are estimated on-line using the recursive expectation maximization (EM) algorithm. The performance of the proposed enhancement system is evaluated through both objective and subjective tests. The experimental results confirm the advantage of explicit gain modeling, particularly for non-stationary noise sources
Feasibility study of III-V/Si hybrid MOS optical modulators consisting of n-InGaAsP/Al<sub>3</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/p-Si MOS capacitor formed by wafer bonding (2016)

We investigate III-V/Si hybrid MOS optical modulators. Owing to the large electron-induced refractive index change in InGaAsP, the modulation efficiency can be improved by a few times by using n-InGaAsP/Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> /p-Si MOS structure. We fabricate n-InGaAsP/Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> /p-Si MOS capacitor, exhibiting well-behaved C-V characteristic, enabling high-performance optical modulators.
The Optofluidic Microscope ¿ A High Resolution Microscope-on-A-Chip System (2007)

In this article, a complete on-chip high resolution OFM device is presented. The OFM method abandons the conventional microscope design and, instead, shares some similarities with direct shadow imaging method where the target object is directly placed on top of a CCD or CMOS imaging sensor chip. In direct shadow imaging, the image resolution is no better than the sensor pixel size. As the typical sensor pixel size is around 10 microns, direct shadow imaging systems are unable to provide images that are comparable in resolution to those of conventional microscopes.
New P2 - Na<sub>0.70</sub>Mn<sub>0.60</sub>Ni<sub>0.30</sub>Co<sub>0.10</sub>O<sub>2</sub>Layered Oxide as Electrode Material for Na-Ion Batteries (2014)

Sodium layered oxide, Na0.70Mn0.60Ni0.30Co0.10O2, with a P2-type structure was synthesized by a co-precipitation method and characterized as positive electrode of sodium batteries. The P2-NaxMn0.60Ni0.30Co0.10O2 electrode delivered a high specific capacity of 185 mAh/g in the 1.5–4.3 V range at 1st cycle at C/20 rate; however, rapid capacity decay is observed. In the 1.7–4.0 V range the capacity is equal to 125 mAh/g with a fading considerably reduced. The rate capability is reasonably good. According to the electrochemical profile, a potential plateau around 4.2 V vs. Na+/Na, meaning a bi-phasic domain, and several voltage drops that could be related to single phase domains in a narrow sodium content range are observed. Even if the capacity decreases when the battery is cycled above 4.0 V, there is no irreversible structural change.
Ultrasound method and apparatus for evaluating, <i>in vivo</i>, bone conditions (1990)

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X-ray welding of metal-matrix composites (1997)

We present the first results of use of the high power x-rays from an insertion device beamline at the Advanced Photon Source for welding. X-rays with energies between 3 and 200 keV and power densities greater than 10 000 W/cm2 can penetrate deeply into most materials and thus can be used as volumetric heating sources. In this article we show results of bead-on-plate welds of a 3.3-mm-thick Al/Al2O3 metal-matrix composite and discuss results obtained for other materials. The potential of x-rays for welding is also discussed.
Laser Ultrasonic Inspection of Solder Bumps in Flip-Chip Packages Using Virtual Chip Package as Reference (2011)

In flip-chip (FC) packages, the solder bumps are sandwiched between the silicon die and the substrate, making them no longer visible for usual visual inspection. An inspection system capable of evaluating the quality of the hidden solder bumps in FC packages has been developed. The system pulses a laser on the top surface of a chip package to generate ultrasonic waves in the package to excite structural vibrations which can then be measured using an interferometer. Since defective solder bumps cause changes in the transient vibration response of a test sample, quality of the test sample can be assessed by correlating its vibration responses to that of a known-good reference sample. The limitation to this method is the necessity to use a known-good reference chip package, which typically involves expensive testing using alternate methods. In this paper, the development of a method without the need of known-good reference samples is presented. This method, called hybrid reference method, uses a statistical approach to find the most similar packages and then average their time domain vibration signals to generate virtual time domain signals. These virtual signals are what we call hybrid reference signals and they are correlated back with the vibration signals from the sample under inspection to obtain a quality signature. Finally, defective and nondefective chip packages are separated by estimating a beta distribution that fits the quality signature histogram of the inspected packages, and then determining a critical threshold for an acceptable quality signature. This method was applied on two types of FC packages with no available pre-established known-good reference chip package. The results of this quality assessment were validated by comparison with electrical test and X-ray technique results.
Cloning and sequencing of human<i>K</i>-casein cDNA (1992)

A cDNA encoding kappa-casein of human milk was cloned and sequenced. The kappa-casein cDNA was isolated from a lambda gt11 library generated from mRNA prepared from a mammary gland biopsy obtained from a lactating woman. The library was screened with polyclonal rabbit antibodies raised against purified native kappa-casein. The obtained nucleotide sequence contained an ORF sufficient to encode the entire amino acid sequence of a kappa-casein precursor protein consisting of 182 amino acids. This includes a tentative signal peptide of 20 amino acids and a processed protein of 162 amino acids.
Absolute interferometric testing based on reconstruction of rotational shear (2001)

A method, believed to be new, for the absolute interferometric testing of flat or spherical surfaces is presented. It is based on the classic three-flat test, combined with additional measurements of one test piece in different rotational positions. Full-surface absolute maps for each test piece are determined with a data-processing technique based on the rotationally sheared maps of the rotated surface. An optimized numerical reconstruction algorithm employing linear filtering and superposition of the different rotational shear spectra in the angular frequency domain is used to reconstruct the rotationally sheared data. The technique does not require any assumptions about the surfaces under test; has low error propagation, even in the case of high spatial resolution; and is computationally efficient.
Spectral phase conjugation using temporal imaging (2009)

We perform spectral phase conjugation with a temporal imaging system based on broadband four-wave mixing in silicon waveguides. Excellent compensation of second- and third- order dispersion and self-phase modulation in optical fibers is demonstrated.
Large area etching for porous semiconductors (2005)

While electrochemical etching of small samples in the 1 cm region is relatively easy, this is not true for large areas, i.e. standard wafer sizes up to 300 mm. The paper outlines the specific demands and difficulties in some detail, discusses large area etching strategies and systems, in particular for very deep macropores, and presents and discusses various results from the large area etching system of the authors. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Admittance Compensation in Current Loop Control for a Grid-Tie LCL Fuel Cell Inverter (2008)

Current loop transfer function of a single-phase grid-tie inverter has been systematically derived with representations of conventional transfer function format using admittance terms for controller design and loop compensation. The power circuit adopts the LCL type filter to allow universal output that can be operated in both standalone and grid-tie modes. The proposed admittance compensation along with a quasi-proportional-resonant controller is designed to achieve high gain at the fundamental frequency while maintaining enough stability margins. The entire current loop controller and admittance compensation have been simulated and tested with a 5-kW fuel cell prototype. Without the admittance path compensation, simulation results indicate that the system cannot start up smoothly and the zero current command cannot be tracked very well. At first simulation cycle, the power flow erratically fed back to the inverter that may cause catastrophe failure. With admittance path compensation, the time-domain current steady-state error can be easily reduced with the loop gain design in frequency-domain. Simulation and experimental results show that the inverter is capable of both standalone and grid-tie connection mode operations and smooth power flow control even with zero current command.
Tension monitoring for the ring chain transmission system using an observer-based tension distribution estimation method (2017)

This article demonstrates the tension distribution estimation method for the ring chain transmission system of scraper conveyer, which is based on multi-body dynamics theory and linear state observer. As designed, a multi-body dynamic model of ring chain transmission system is constructed using ADAMS dynamic design software, and a mathematical model solved by MATLAB functions is established and adopted to verify system performance of the dynamic model by comparing the simulation results. In practical terms, tension monitoring of ring chains is virtually unreasonable due to difficulties of direct measurement and restrictions of high-cost tension sensors during the process of mechanized coal mining. Besides, the change law of tension distribution of the ring chain transmission system has mainly been obtained via heuristic experience, coupled with simple calculations. The proposed estimation method makes it feasible to obtain all the contact forces of ring chains based on the measurable state variables. For research purpose, the state-space modeling allows the reconstruction of the tension observer and flexible application for numerical solutions based on Runge–Kutta equations. However, the high-dimensional tension observer has inherent drawbacks of heavy computational loads. In such cases, a novel dimension-minimized algorithm is proposed for high-order matrices solution, which makes the observer very attractive for applications in dimensionality reduction. Furthermore, the practicability of the proposed estimation method is verified with simulation evaluation and deviation analysis.
Substream-based out-of-sequence packet scheduling for streaming stored media (2004)

We propose a packet scheduling algorithms for streaming media. We assume that the receiver periodically reports back the channel throughput. From the original video data, the importance level of a video packet is determined by its relative position within its group of pictures, taking into account the motion-texture discrimination and temporal scalability. Thus, we generate a number of nested substreams. Using feedback information from the receiver and statistical characteristics of the video, we model the streaming system as a queueing system, compute the run-time decoding failure probability of a Same in each substream based on effective bandwidth approach, and determine the optimum substream to be sent at that moment in time. Since the optimum substream is updated periodically, the resulting sending order is different from the original playback order. From experiments with real video data, we show that our proposed scheduling scheme outperforms the conventional sequential sending scheme.
Complex Binding of Leukemia Inhibitory Factor to Its Membrane-Expressed and Soluble Receptors (1994)

The complex interaction of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) with its specific receptor present on the cell surface, in isolated membranes and in solution, has been examined in detail. Several aspects of this complexity have been highlighted, including the presence of high- and low-affinity murine LIF receptors, biphasic dissociation of human LIF from apparently homogeneous high- or low-affinity human LIF receptors, and unusual species cross-reactivity. The unusual species cross-reactivity observed between murine and human LIF has also been exploited to map an important receptor binding epitope on human LIF.
Aerosol Gelation: Synthesis of a Novel, Lightweight, High Specific Surface Area Material (2007)

We demonstrate that an aerosol can gel. This gelation is then used for a one-step method to produce an ultralow density porous carbon material. This material is named an aerosol gel because it is made via gelation of particles in the aerosol phase. The carbon aerosol gels have high specific surface area (200–350 m 2 /g), an extremely low density (2.5–5.0 mg/cc) and a high electrical conductivity, properties similar to conventional aerogels. The primary particles of the carbon aerosol gels are highly crystalline with a narrow (002) graphitic X-ray diffraction peak. Key aspects to form a gel from an aerosol are large volume fraction, ca. 10 −4 or greater, and small primary particle size, 50 nm or smaller, so that the gel time is fast compared to other characteristic times.
DedupT: Deduplication for tape systems (2014)

Deduplication is a commonly-used technique on disk-based storage pools. However, deduplication has not been used for tape-based pools: tape characteristics, such as high mount and seek times combined with data fragmentation resulting from deduplication create a toxic combination that leads to unacceptably high retrieval times. This work proposes DedupT, a system that efficiently supports deduplication on tape pools. This paper (i) details the main challenges to enable efficient deduplication on tape libraries, (ii) presents a class of solutions based on graph-modeling of similarity between data items that enables efficient placement on tapes; and (iii) presents the design and evaluation of novel cross-tape and on-tape chunk placement algorithms that alleviate tape mount time overhead and reduce on-tape data fragmentation. Using 4.5 TB of real-world workloads, we show that DedupT retains at least 95% of the deduplication efficiency. We show that DedupT mitigates major retrieval time overheads, and, due to reading less data, is able to offer better restore performance compared to the case of restoring non-deduplicated data.
Discovery of ((4<i>R</i>,5<i>S</i>)-5-Amino-4-(2,4,5- trifluorophenyl)cyclohex-1-enyl)-(3- (trifluoromethyl)-5,6-dihydro- [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-7(8<i>H</i>)-yl)methanone (ABT-341), a Highly Potent, Selective, Orally Efficacious, and Safe Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitor for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (2006)

Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4) deactivates glucose-regulating hormones such as GLP-1 and GIP, thus, DPP4 inhibition has become a useful therapy for type 2 diabetes. Optimization of the high-throughput screening lead 6 led to the discovery of 25 (ABT-341), a highly potent, selective, and orally bioavailable DPP4 inhibitor. When dosed orally, 25 dose-dependently reduced glucose excursion in ZDF rats. Amide 25 is safe in a battery of in vitro and in vivo tests and may represent a new therapeutic agent for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
CRA-024781: a novel synthetic inhibitor of histone deacetylase enzymes with antitumor activity <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> (2006)

CRA-024781 is a novel, broad spectrum hydroxamic acid-based inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) that shows antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo preclinically and is under evaluation in phase I clinical trials for cancer. CRA-024781 inhibited pure recombinant HDAC1 with a K(i) of 0.007 mumol/L, and also inhibited the other HDAC isozymes HDAC2, HDAC3/SMRT, HDAC6, HDAC8, and HDAC10 in the nanomolar range. Treatment of cultured tumor cell lines grown in vitro with CRA-024781 resulted in the accumulation of acetylated histone and acetylated tubulin, resulting in an inhibition of tumor cell growth and the induction of apoptosis. CRA-024781 parenterally administered to mice harboring HCT116 or DLD-1 colon tumor xenografts resulted in a statistically significant reduction in tumor growth at doses that were well tolerated as measured by body weight. Inhibition of tumor growth was accompanied by an increase in the acetylation of alpha-tubulin in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and an alteration in the expression of many genes in the tumors, including several involved in apoptosis and cell growth. These results reveal CRA-024781 to be a novel HDAC inhibitor with potent antitumor activity.