gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radionuclide Sensors for Environmental Monitoring:  From Flow Injection Solid-Phase Absorptiometry to Equilibration-Based Preconcentrating Minicolumn Sensors with Radiometric Detection (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRadionuclide Sensors for Environmental Monitoring: From Flow Injection Solid-Phase Absorptiometry to Equilibration-Based Preconcentrating Minicolumn Sensors with Radiometric DetectionJay W. Grate, Oleg B. Egorov, Matthew J. O'Hara, and Timothy A. DeVolView Author Information Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland Washington 99352, and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, 342 Computer Court, Anderson, SC 29625−6510 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2008, 108, 2, 543–562Publication Date (Web):January 3, 2008Publication History Received7 March 2007Published online3 January 2008Published inissue 1 February 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr068115uhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr068115uresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1402Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Groundwaters,Materials,Organic polymers,Sensors,Sorbents Get e-Alerts
Addition of New Pinning Center to Unidirectionally Melt Solidified Y-Ba-Cu-O Superconductor (1990)

Y-Ba-Cu-O bulk superconductor including small particles of BaSnO 3 was synthesized by the unidirectional melt solidification method. Finely dispersed Y 2 BaCuO 5 precipitates and BaSnO 3 particles were observed in YBa 2 Cu 3 O y matrix. The critical current density at 77 K in 8 kOe was 1.8×10 4 A/cm 2 , which was about four times higher than that of the BaSnO 3 -free specimen. Fine particles of BaSnO 3 (0.1–1 µm) can act as effective flux pinning centers in the specimen and result in an increase of the critical current density.
Anion exchange polymer electrolytes (2023)

Anion exchange polymer electrolytes that include guanidinium functionalized polymers may be used as membranes and binders for electrocatalysts in preparation of anodes for electrochemical cells such as solid alkaline fuel cells.
Correlation of Impedance Minute Ventilation with Measured Minute Ventilation in a Rate Responsive Pacemaker (2001)

Although rate responsive pacing based on impedance minute ventilation (IMV) is now standard, there is almost no data confirming the relationship between IMV from an implanted pacemaker and measured minute ventilation (VE) during exercise. Nineteen completely paced adults implanted with Medtronic Kappa 400 pacemakers underwent symptom-limited maximal metabolic treadmill testing using a modified Minnesota Pacemaker Response Protocol. Minute ventilation (VE, L/min) was simultaneously measured using the flowmeter of a respiratory metabolic gas analysis system and the transthoracic impedance minute ventilation circuitry of the pacemaker. Correlation coefficients (r) were used to find the best fit line to describe the relationship between the two measurements. Mean (+/- SD) r values for the first, second, and third order polynomial equations and for log and exponential equations were: 0.92 +/- 0.08, 0.94 +/- 0.04, 0.95 +/- 0.04, 0.91 +/- 0.06, and 0.91 +/- 0.07, respectively. None of the r values were statistically different from the first order equation. Transthoracic IMV as measured by the Medtronic Kappa 400 is closely correlated to measured minute ventilation and is represented well by a first order (linear) equation.
Urinary Metalloproteinases-9 and -2 and Their Inhibitors TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 are Markers of Early and Long-Term Graft Function After Renal Transplantation (2016)

TIMP-1 and-2 are primarily markers of an early function of the transplanted kidney. Early post-transplant concentration of MMP-2 is a marker of proteinuria in early and long-term post-transplant periods.
Paclitaxel: a new antimitotic chemotherapeutic agent. (1994)

Paclitaxel, a compound derived from the bark of the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, is an antimitotic cytotoxic agent with a mechanism of action different from other antimitotics such as vincristine and vinblastine. Instead of causing disassembly of microtubules, paclitaxel forms extremely stable and nonfunctional microtubules, which causes inhibition of many cell functions and the interruption of the cell cycle. Procurement of paclitaxel has raised environmental concerns, leading researchers to explore a variety of approaches to obtain the drug: extraction from yew needles of a paclitaxel precursor that can be converted to paclitaxel, genetic manipulation of plants to increase yield, propagation of yew trees, semisynthesis, total chemical synthesis, and paclitaxel-producing fungus. Clinical trials involving paclitaxel have demonstrated antineoplastic effects in several classically refractory tumors: ovarian cancer, breast cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer, and head and neck tumors. Several toxic effects have been attributed to paclitaxel, including hypersensitivity reactions, cardiotoxicities, neutropenia, peripheral neuropathy, mucositis, gastrointestinal toxicities, alopecia, arthralgias, and myalgias. Clinical implications for these toxicities are addressed.
Effect of Letrozole Versus Placebo on Bone Mineral Density in Women With Primary Breast Cancer Completing 5 or More Years of Adjuvant Tamoxifen: A Companion Study to NCIC CTG MA.17 (2006)

After 5 years of adjuvant tamoxifen, subsequent letrozole causes a modest increase in bone resorption and reduction in bone mineral density in the spine and hip compared to placebo. Further follow-up is necessary to evaluate the long-term clinical implications of this difference.
Persistent disruption of ciliated epithelium following paediatric lung transplantation (2012)

It is unclear whether ciliary function following lung transplantation is normal or not. Our aim was to study the ciliary function and ultrastructure of epithelium above and below the airway anastomosis and the peripheral airway of children following lung transplantation. We studied the ciliary beat frequency (CBF) and beat pattern, using high speed digital video imaging and ultrastructure by transmission electron microscopy, of bronchial epithelium from above and below the airway anastomosis and the peripheral airway of 10 cystic fibrosis (CF) and 10 non-suppurative lung disease (NSLD) paediatric lung transplant recipients. Compared to epithelium below the anastomosis, the epithelium above the anastomosis in the CF group showed reduced CBF (median (interquartile range): 10.5 (9.0-11.4) Hz versus 7.4 (6.4-9.2) Hz; p<0.01) and increased dyskinesia (median (IQR): 16.5 (12.9-28.2)% versus 42.2 (32.6-56.4)%; p<0.01). In both CF and NSLD groups, compared with epithelium above the anastomosis, the epithelium below the anastomosis showed marked ultrastructural abnormalities (median duration post-transplant 7-12 months). Ciliary dysfunction is a feature of native airway epithelium in paediatric CF lung transplant recipients. The epithelium below the airway anastomosis shows profound ultrastructural abnormalities in both CF and NSLD lung transplant recipients, many months after transplantation.
The design of DNA self-assembled computing circuitry (2004)

We present a design methodology for a nanoscale self-assembling fabrication process that uses the specificity of DNA hybridization to guide the formation of electrical circuitry. Custom design software allows us to specify the function of a structure in a way similar to that used by VLSI circuit designers. In an analogous manner to generating masks for a photolithographic process, our software generates an assembly procedure including DNA sequence allocation. We have found that the number of unique DNA sequences needed to assemble a structure scales with its surface area. Using a simple face-serial assembly order we can specify an unambiguous assembly sequence for a structure of any size with only 15 unique DNA sequences.
Annual Research Review: The role of the environment in the developmental psychopathology of autism spectrum condition (2016)

Future investigations should consider the specificity of risks for ASC versus other atypical neurodevelopmental trajectories, timing of risk and protective mechanisms, animal model systems to study mechanisms underlying gene-environment interplay, large-sample genome-envirome designs to address G × E and longitudinal studies to elucidate how rGE plays out over time. Clinical and public health implications are discussed.
Inhibition, flexibility, working memory and planning in autism spectrum disorders with and without comorbid ADHD-symptoms (2008)

Our findings replicate previous results reporting impairment of ADHD children in inhibition and working memory tasks and of ASD children in planning and flexibility abilities. The ASD + group showed similarities to the ADHD group with regard to inhibitory but not to working memory deficits. Nevertheless the heterogeneity of these and previous results shows that EF assessment is not useful for differential diagnosis between ADHD and ASD. It might be useful for evaluating strengths and weaknesses in individual children.
Periodic vortex pinning with magnetic and nonmagnetic dots: The influence of size (2000)

Periodic pinning arrays can give rise to commensurability effects for the vortex pinning in superconductors. We studied the influence of size and separation of the individual pinning centers made out of magnetic and nonmagnetic dots. While there is some dependence on the dot size, the periodic pinning changes its character drastically, as soon as the separation between dots becomes comparable to the coherence length of the superconductor. This can be understood by a crossover from a weak pinning regime to a superconducting wire network regime with decreasing dot separation. In addition, the comparison between the periodic pinning of magnetic dot arrays and nonmagnetic dot arrays shows that the former generally show more pronounced periodic pinning. This indicates conclusively a magnetic contribution to the pinning mechanism.
Conjugation of Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) Sequence in Copolymer Bearing Sugar Moiety for Insulinoma Cell Line (MIN6) Culture (2001)

Copolymers composed of an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence for the adhesion molecule and sugar moieties were synthesized for an insulinoma cell (MIN6) culture. MIN6 cells attached on the poly(N-p-vinylbenzyl-D-maltonamide-co-6-(p-vinylbenzamido)-hexanoic acid-g-GRGDS) (p(VMA-co-VBGRGDS))-coated dishes were in a more aggregated form than other polymer-coated surfaces. P(VMA-co-VBGRGDS) also shows faster proliferation of MIN6 cells (about 18% higher) than with p(VLA-co-VBGRGDS). By interaction between cell and matrix, about 80% greater insulin secretion from MIN6 cells was produced with the p(VMA-co-VBGRGDS), and about 50% greater insulin secretion was produced with the poly(N-p-vinylbenzyl-D-lactonamide-co-6-(p-vinylbenzamido)-hexanoic acid-g-GRGDS) (p(VLA-co-VBGRGDS) as compared with unstimulated cells. Moreover, attachment of MIN6 cells treated with RGD monomer was suppressed approximately 50% for the p(VMA-co-VBGRGDS) surface. This result supported the idea that conjugation of adhesion molecules of RGD peptide in p(VMA-co-VBGRGDS) copolymer specifically interact with integrin families on MIN6 cell membrane.
Equivalent Electric Circuit Modeling and Performance Analysis of a PEM Fuel Cell Stack Using Impedance Spectroscopy (2010)

In this paper, equivalent electric circuit models of a commercial 1.2-kW proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack are proposed based on AC impedance studies. The PEM fuel cell stack was operated using room air and pure hydrogen (99.995%). Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique, impedance data were collected in the laboratory under various loading conditions. Impedance data were analyzed and circuit models developed using basic circuit elements like resistors and inductors, and distributed elements such as Warburg and constant-phase elements. A nonlinear least-square fitting technique is employed to obtain the circuit parameters by fitting a curve to the experimental impedance data. Two circuit models of the fuel cell, one for low and one for high currents are proposed. The average ohmic resistance for the whole stack is estimated to be 41 mΩ. Double-layer capacitances are determined at anode and cathode at various current densities. As expected, cathode charge transfer resistance turns out to be much higher than the anode charge transfer resistance because of slower kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction. At higher load currents, a significant increase in mass transfer resistance as well as low-frequency inductive effects is observed. These low-frequency inductive effects are recognized and modeled in the fuel cell models of this work. Finally, a semiquantitative analysis was used to determine the contribution of individual performance factors to the overall fuel cell voltage drop. The transient response of the fuel cell circuit models is simulated using MATLAB/Simulink and their performance is validated by comparison with experimental data.
伊朗“博拉格”装甲输送车 (1998)

伊朗最近研制的“博拉格”(Boragh)装甲输送车,已在沙希德·科拉多茨工业集团公司投产。该公司是伊朗国防工业组织(DIO)的一部分,它有5万雇员工作在海陆空武器装备领域。 “博拉格”装甲输送车的车体基型在许多方面与俄罗斯-1相似,但是“博拉格”装甲输送车显然不是任何现有的全履带式车辆的直接仿制品,它综合了俄罗斯、中国和美国车辆和分系统特点以满足本国的需求。
Combination of Taylor and Chan method in mobile positioning (2011)

Due to increase in location based services, the need for efficient network based location methods has been made of paramount of importance. Among the mobile positioning techniques Time of Arrival (TOA) and Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) arisen as promising techniques. In order to deal with such technology some theoretical approaches have been put forward to draw the estimation under the technological constraints. Among such approaches, one distinguish the Taylor based approximation and Chan's based approach which provide an approximate solution of the underlying hyperbolic equations. This paper reviews the above approaches and suggests a linear combination of the two estimators that minimize the variance. Simulation platform has been developed to test and compare the performances of these estimators. The result of simulation and actual measurement indicated that the method has high positioning accuracy both in ideal environment and actual measurement.
Medications development to treat alcohol dependence: a vision for the next decade (2012)

More than 76 million people world-wide are estimated to have diagnosable alcohol use disorders (AUDs) (alcohol abuse or dependence), making these disorders a major global health problem. Pharmacotherapy offers promising means for treating AUDs, and significant progress has been made in the past 20 years. The US Food and Drug Administration approved three of the four medications for alcoholism in the last two decades. Unfortunately, these medications do not work for everyone, prompting the need for a personalized approach to optimize clinical benefit or more efficacious medications that can treat a wider range of patients, or both. To promote global health, the potential reorganization of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) must continue to support the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism's (NIAAA's) vision of ensuring the development and delivery of new and more efficacious medications to treat AUDs in the coming decade. To achieve this objective, the NIAAA Medications Development Team has identified three fundamental long-range goals: (1) to make the drug development process more efficient; (2) to identify more efficacious medications, personalize treatment approaches, or both; and (3) to facilitate the implementation and adaptation of medications in real-world treatment settings. These goals will be carried out through seven key objectives. This paper describes those objectives in terms of rationale and strategy. Successful implementation of these objectives will result in the development of more efficacious and safe medications, provide a greater selection of therapy options and ultimately lessen the impact of this devastating disorder.
Comparison of four scatter correction methods using Monte Carlo simulated source distributions. (1994)

It is concluded that performing scatter correction is essential for accurate quantification, and that all four methods yield a good, but not perfect, scatter correction. Since it is hard to distinguish the methods consistently in terms of their performance, it may be that the choice should be made on the basis of ease of implementation.
Scalable Cryoelectronics for Superconducting Qubit Control and Readout (2022)

Quantum computing promises an exponentially higher computational power than classical computers; although all the building blocks have become available, certain constraints still prevent quantum advantage. The fundamental challenge in building a practical quantum computer is integrating thousands of highly coherent qubits with the control and readout electronics. The need for a high‐coherence qubit drives the effort for quantum error correction algorithms to create fault‐tolerant quantum systems. Error correction becomes tangible in a quantum processor only in large numbers of qubits. Thus, the other challenge is reducing the number of physical interconnects (coaxial lines) between the quantum–classical interface and bulky room‐temperature electronics. To interface thousands of qubits, interconnects can be reduced by bringing the control and readout electronics near the quantum processor. Cryogenic complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technology has been an ideal candidate for this purpose. Integrated control and readout at cryogenic temperatures require low power dissipation circuit designs and techniques such as frequency‐division multiplexing (FDM) due to the finite cooling power of a dilution refrigerator. Herein, an overview of each building block in a superconducting quantum computer is provided, focusing on scalability. Furthermore, this article is concluded with an outlook discussing current challenges and future directions for the scalable superconducting control and readout.
Incoherent optical processing of complex data (1977)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. W. Lohmann, "Incoherent optical processing of complex data," Appl. Opt. 16, 261-263 (1977) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Molecular aspects of Bordetella pertussis pathogenesis. (1999)

The molecular mechanisms of Bordetella virulence are now well understood, and many virulence factors have been identified and characterized at the molecular level. These virulence factors can be grouped into two major categories: adhesins, such as filamentous hemagglutinin, pertactin and fimbriae, and toxins, such as pertussis toxin, adenylate cyclase, dermonecrotic toxin and tracheal cytotoxin. The production of most virulence factors is coordinately regulated by a two-component signal transduction system composed of the regulator BvgA and the sensor protein BvgS. The adhesins and toxins act in concert to establish infection. Some adhesins exert their effects synergically or are redundant functioning only in the absence of another adhesin, illustrating the importance of adhesion in infection. Most virulence factors are secreted into the culture supernatant or exposed at the surface of the bacterial cell. A notable exception is dermonecrotic toxin, which remains in the cytoplasmic compartment of bacterial cells. Most virulence factors are produced by all of the three major Bordetella species, B. pertussis, B. parapertussis and B. bronchiseptica. However, some, such as pertussis toxin and the tracheal colonization factor, are only produced by B. pertussis. Our understanding of Bordetella virulence at the molecular level has led to the development of new acellular vaccines against whooping cough, and of genetically attenuated B. pertussis strains to be used as recombinant live bacterial vaccine vectors for homologous and heterologous protection.
Wind Tunnel Testing of Load-Alleviating Membrane Wings at Low Reynolds Numbers (2009)

This work is concerned with wind tunnel testing of an elastic membrane wing intended for micro air vehicles. Erratic flow conditions are a particular problem for the smooth controllability of such vehicles, and so stiff batten structures are imbedded into the trailing edge of the membrane wing, intended to passively washout under aerodynamic loading. This passive deformation is not always effective however, particularly at higher angles of attack, and so this work is intended to provide some understanding of the complex role of wing structure and flight speed upon aerodynamic performance of membrane wings. Several disparate wing structures are fabricated, with varying batten thicknesses and spacing. Data, in terms of measured aerodynamic loads and structural deformation, is given for a wide range of relatively low Reynolds numbers. Drastic changes in lift slopes, stalling conditions, and deformation patterns are found for certain combinations of flight speed and wing structure.
Blind Image Deblurring Driven by Nonlinear Processing in the Edge Domain (2004)

This work addresses the problem of blind image deblurring, that is, of recovering an original image observed through one or more unknown linear channels and corrupted by additive noise. We resort to an iterative algorithm, belonging to the class of Bussgang algorithms, based on alternating a linear and a nonlinear image estimation stage. In detail, we investigate the design of a novel nonlinear processing acting on the Radon transform of the image edges. This choice is motivated by the fact that the Radon transform of the image edges well describes the structural image features and the effect of blur, thus simplifying the nonlinearity design. The effect of the nonlinear processing is to thin the blurred image edges and to drive the overall blind restoration algorithm to a sharp, focused image. The performance of the algorithm is assessed by experimental results pertaining to restoration of blurred natural images.
ChemInform Abstract: The Control of Diastereoselectivity in the Michael Reaction of Ketonic Enolates with Crotonic Acid Derivatives. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.