gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
2.4-GHz band low-voltage class-C PMOS VCO IC with amplitude feedback loop (2015)

A novel 2.4 GHz-band 0.5-V Class-C PMOS VCO IC with an amplitude feedback loop is proposed. The amplitude feedback loop circuit consists of a detector, an invertor and a bias control circuit. The feedback loop automatically changes the bias of LC-VCO and shifts the oscillation mode from initial Class-AB to Class-C in steady-state. The Class-C VCO IC is designed, fabricated and fully evaluated in 180-nm CMOS technology. The fabricated VCO IC has exhibited a measured phase noise of -117.4 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from the 2.25 GHz carrier frequency with a supply voltage of only 0.5-V.
Synchronization and control of chaotic systems, spatio-temporal structures and applications to communications (1999)

Un campo de investigacion muy activo hoy en dia es el estudio de sistemas dinamicos no lineales y, particularmente, el de los sistemas caoticos. A pesar de que esta rama de investigacion es relativamente joven, no hay la menor duda de que esta llegando a adquirir cada vez mas importancia en una gran variedad de disciplinas. En concreto, este trabajo se ha centrado en el estudio de la sincronizacion y el control de sistemas caoticos, mostrando algunas aplicaciones potenciales a la Biologia y al campo de las comunicaciones.
La primera parte de la tesis esta dedicada al estudio del comportamiento de osciladores caoticos acoplados. En particular, se ha analizado la estabilidad del estado sincronizado global en cadenas abiertas y cadenas cerradas constituidas por osciladores inicialmente en comportamiento caotico. Tambien se ha prestado atencion a las estructuras espacio-temporales (ondas periodicas y ondas caoticas rotantes) que pueden sugir cuando se produce una inestabilidad en el estado de sincronizacion de una cadena cerrada de osciladores caoticos, asi como a la interaccion entre este tipo de estructuras cuando dos cadenas cerradas de osciladores caoticos se conectan entre si elemento a elemento. Se han llevado a cabo simulaciones numericas de cadenas abiertas y cerradas de osciladores de Lorenz y de osciladores de Chua. Con este ultimo tipo de osciladores tambien se presentan resultados experimentales realizados sobre una placa de circuitos electronicos.
La segunda parte de la tesis esta dedicada a las aplicaciones de los sistemas caoticos al campo de las comunicaciones digitales. Despues de mostrar una perspectiva general sobre las ventajas que el comportamiento caotico puede proporcionar a los sistemas de comunicaciones digitales convencionales y hacer una recopilacion de los diferentes esquemas de comunicaciones con transmision de senales caoticas propuestos hasta la fecha, se pre
Optimized production of a bioactive human recombinant protein from the microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii grown at high density in a fed-batch bioreactor (2022)

Microalgae have been identified as an alternative platform to produce high-quality biomass and subsequent bioproducts, such as foods, feeds, nutritional supplements, recombinant proteins, and biofuels. Traditional biotechnological hosts for therapeutic proteins, such as the bacteria Escherichia coli and mammalian CHO cells, have long been established as the dominate platforms, but recent advances have shown that microalgae can potentially serve as an alternative platform. In the present study, we examine the potential of the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to produce a complex human recombinant protein in a high-density heterotrophic culture. The recombinant human protein, ICAM-1, was targeted for secretion to the extracellular media of the culture from cells grown in a bioreactor using a fed-batch strategy to achieve high cell density. Ultimately, this resulted in a maximum biomass titer of 40 g/L and a recombinant protein titer of 50 mg/L. The algal-produced ICAM-1 protein showed comparable bioactivity to mammalian cell culture produced ICAM-1, as measured using binding assays for its native ligand LFA-1. This work shows that C. reinhardtii is a viable option to produce complex recombinant proteins, with native biological activity, at high concentrations using a fed batch heterotrophic growth strategy.
Featured Article: Selective blockade of the OGF–OGFr pathway by naltrexone accelerates fibroblast proliferation and wound healing (2014)

Naltrexone (NTX) is an opioid receptor antagonist that acts at classical and non-classical opioid receptors including the opioid growth factor receptor (OGFr). Animal models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes, as well as normal rodents, have shown that topical NTX enhances the healing rates of corneal epithelium and full-thickness cutaneous wounds. The mechanism of this general opioid antagonist on growth, and in particular the specific receptor pathway involved, is not understood. Tissue culture studies using NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and primary rat auricular fibroblasts were established to evaluate growth following opioid receptor antagonist treatment. Treatment of cells with CTOP, naltrindole, or nalmefene, selective antagonists for mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors, respectively, did not accelerate cell replication. Addition of the classical opioid receptor peptides DAMGO, DPDPE, or EKC did not alter cell growth, suggesting that the classical opioid receptors were not involved in cutaneous wound healing. However, NTX (10(-6) M) increased the growth of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts in culture over a 96-h period, and the specific ligand OGF decreased cell growth, supporting that the OGF-OGFr axis is tonically active and constitutively expressed in fibroblasts, the primary cell type in granulation tissue of the skin. Transfection of NIH 3T3 cells with OGFr siRNA reduced receptor protein; subsequent treatment with NTX did not accelerate cell proliferation. These data indicate that blockade of the OGFr pathway enhances proliferation of fibroblasts in vitro, and in a primary culture of auricular fibroblasts, suggesting that the effect of NTX on growth is mediated through the OGF-OGFr axis. Finally, antagonists for classical opioid receptors as well as NTX were topically applied to cutaneous wounds in type 1 diabetic rats; only NTX accelerated wound closure. These studies indicate that the mechanistic pathway underlying the effects of NTX to enhance cutaneous wound closure in diabetic and nondiabetic subjects is specific blockade of the OGF-OGFr regulatory axis.
Disruption of Dnmt1/PCNA/UHRF1 Interactions Promotes Tumorigenesis from Human and Mice Glial Cells (2010)

Global DNA hypomethylation is a hallmark of cancer cells, but its molecular mechanisms have not been elucidated. Here, we show that the disruption of Dnmt1/PCNA/UHRF1 interactions promotes a global DNA hypomethylation in human gliomas. We then demonstrate that the Dnmt1 phosphorylations by Akt and/or PKC abrogate the interactions of Dnmt1 with PCNA and UHRF1 in cellular and acellular studies including mass spectrometric analyses and the use of primary cultured patient-derived glioma. By using methylated DNA immunoprecipitation, methylation and CGH arrays, we show that global DNA hypomethylation is associated with genes hypomethylation, hypomethylation of DNA repeat element and chromosomal instability. Our results reveal that the disruption of Dnmt1/PCNA/UHRF1 interactions acts as an oncogenic event and that one of its signatures (i.e. the low level of mMTase activity) is a molecular biomarker associated with a poor prognosis in GBM patients. We identify the genetic and epigenetic alterations which collectively promote the acquisition of tumor/glioma traits by human astrocytes and glial progenitor cells as that promoting high proliferation and apoptosis evasion.
A 510-nW Wake-Up Keyword-Spotting Chip Using Serial-FFT-Based MFCC and Binarized Depthwise Separable CNN in 28-nm CMOS (2020)

We propose a sub-μW always-ON keyword spotting (μKWS) chip for audio wake-up systems. It is mainly composed of a neural network (NN) and a feature extraction (FE) circuit. For significantly reducing the memory footprint and computational load, four techniques are used to achieve ultralow-power consumption: 1) a serial-FFT-based Mel-frequency cepstrum coefficient circuit is designed for FE, instead of the common parallel FFT. 2) A small-sized binarized depthwise separable convolutional NN (DSCNN) is designed as the classifier. 3) A framewise incremental computation technique is devised in contrast to the conventional whole-word processing. 4) Reduced computation allows a low system clock frequency, which enables near-threshold voltage operation, and low leakage memory blocks are designed to minimize the leakage power. Implemented in 28-nm CMOS technology, this μKWS consumes 0.51 μW at a 40-kHz frequency and a 0.41-V supply, with an area of 0.23 mm2. Using the Google speech command data set, 97.3% accuracy is reached for a one-word KWS task and 94.6% for a two-word task.
Formation sketching: an approach to stylize groups in crowd simulation (2011)

Most of existing crowd simulation algorithms focus on the moving trajectories of individual agents, while collective group formations are often roughly learned from video examples or manually specified via various hard constraints (e.g., pre-defined keyframes of exact agent distributions). In this paper, we present an intuitive yet efficient approach to generate arbitrary and precise group formations by sketching formation boundaries. Our approach can automatically compute the desired position of each agent in the target formation and generate the agent correspondences between keyframes. When high-level group formations need to be formed on-the-fly in a dynamic environment such as “switching to the circle formation at about one hundred meters ahead&quot;, our algorithm will coordinate and compute appropriate actions for each agent by seamlessly fusing local formation dynamics and global group locomotion. Through a number of experiments, we demonstrate that our approach is efficient and adaptive to variations of group scales (i.e., number of agents), group positions, and environment obstacles.
The power of video training (2011)

L and D development divisions within companies have traditionally used video-based training methods. Over time some of these functions have been outsourced, but whether internally led or through registered training organisations, video-based training provides a powerful approach for teaching technical skills and, more especially, soft skills such as customer service, communication and leadership.
TPOT: A Tree-Based Pipeline Optimization Tool for Automating Machine Learning. (2019)

As data science becomes increasingly mainstream, there will be an ever-growing demand for data science tools that are more accessible, flexible, and scalable. In response to this demand, automated machine learning (AutoML) researchers have begun building systems that automate the process of designing and optimizing machine learning pipelines. In this chapter we present TPOT v0.3, an open source genetic programming-based AutoML system that optimizes a series of feature preprocessors and machine learning models with the goal of maximizing classification accuracy on a supervised classification task. We benchmark TPOT on a series of 150 supervised classification tasks and find that it significantly outperforms a basic machine learning analysis in 21 of them, while experiencing minimal degradation in accuracy on 4 of the benchmarks—all without any domain knowledge nor human input. As such, genetic programming-based AutoML systems show considerable promise in the AutoML domain.
Extraction of a Topological Representation Based on Raw Data Using Voronoi Diagram (2018)

The aim of this work is to build a model of the environment that entails both metric and topological information. The creation of the topological map will be extracted from the metric map, exploiting all the individual advantages of each spatial representation. Voronoi Diagram was the selected representation as a link between the two types of maps. The method extracts, from raw sensor data of the environment and using Voronoi Diagrams, specific features useful for navigation to build the topological map. Enabling a spatial representation that provides levels of abstraction that brings closer the maps to the way the humans represent the space and simplify the navigation task. In addition, the proposed method creates a spatial representation that allows the addition of semantic information to the model.
DNA base changes and alkylation following in vivo exposure of Escherichia coli to N-methyl-N-nitrosourea or N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea. (1987)

Dideoxy chain-termination DNA sequencing was used to determine the specific DNA base changes induced after in vivo exposure of Escherichia coli to N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) and N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) using the xanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (gpt) gene as the genetic target. The resultant mutation spectra were compared with the levels of O6-alkylguanine and O4-alkylthymidine in genomic DNA immediately after exposure. All (39/39) of the MNU-induced mutations were G X C----A X T transitions. In contrast, 24/33 point mutations isolated following ENU treatment were G X C----A X T transitions, 7/33 were A X T----G X C transitions, 1/33 was a G X C----C X G transversion, and 1/33 was an A X T----C X G transversion. Three large insertions, probably of spontaneous origin, were also isolated. O4-alkylthymidine/O6-alkylguanine ratios were 0.014 for MNU and 0.28 for ENU. These data suggest that the difference in the mutation spectrum of MNU versus ENU may be attributed, in part, to the different ratio of O6-alkylguanine versus O4-alkylthymidine produced in the DNA. Of the G X C----A X T transitions, 82% of the MNU- and 71% of the ENU-induced mutations occurred at the middle guanine of the sequence 5'-GG(A or T)-3'.
Advanced indexing and retrieval in present-day content management systems (2003)

A content management system in the broadcast domain comprises a system that provides functionality for long-term preservation of continuous digital media, as well as for annotation, retrieval, and re-use of the content. In order to enrich the annotation without increasing the human workloads a system should generate as much metadata as possible automatically. In this paper, the ongoing work of integrating new automatic indexing and retrieval systems into a content management system is presented. The integration efforts described here are part of some European-funded projects with partners from industry, broadcast organizations, and research institutes.
Antitumor immune response of dendritic cells (DCs) expressing tumor‐associated antigens derived from induced pluripotent stem cells: In comparison to bone marrow‐derived DCs (2013)

It is generally accepted that the difficulty in obtaining a sufficient number of functional dendritic cells (DCs) is a serious problem in DC-based immunotherapy. Therefore, we used the induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell-derived DCs (iPSDCs). If the therapeutic efficacy of iPSDCs is equivalent to that of bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs), then the aforementioned problems may be solved. In our study, we induced iPSDCs from iPS cells and examined the capacity for maturation of iPSDCs compared to that of BMDCs in addition to the capacity for migration of iPSDCs to regional lymph nodes. We adenovirally transduced the hgp100 gene, natural tumor antigens, into DCs and immunized mice once with the genetically modified DCs. The cytotoxic activity of CD8 (+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) was assayed using a (51) Cr-release assay. The therapeutic efficacy of the vaccination was examined in a subcutaneous tumor model. Our results showed that iPSDCs have an equal capacity to BMDCs in terms of maturation and migration. Furthermore, hgp100-specific CTLs were generated in mice immunized with genetically modified iPSDCs. These CTLs exhibited as high a level of cytotoxicity against B16 cells as BMDCs. Moreover, vaccination with the genetically modified iPSDCs achieved as high a level of therapeutic efficacy as vaccination with BMDCs. Our study clarified experimentally that genetically modified iPSDCs have an equal capacity to BMDCs in terms of tumor-associated antigen-specific therapeutic antitumor immunity. This vaccination strategy may therefore be useful for future clinical application as a cancer vaccine.
Deregulation of S-adenosylmethionine biosynthesis and regeneration improves methylation in the E. coli de novo vanillin biosynthesis pathway (2016)

Results from this study demonstrate context dependency of engineered pathways and highlight the limited methylation capacity of E. coli. Unlike in previous efforts to improve SAM or methionine biosynthesis, we pursued two orthogonal strategies that are each aimed at deregulating multiple reactions. Our results increase the working knowledge of SAM biosynthesis engineering and provide a framework for improving titers of metabolic products dependent upon methylation reactions.
Dual-Gas Sensor of CH4/C2H6 Based on Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy Coupled to a Home-Made Compact Dense-Pattern Multipass Cell (2019)

A sensitive dual-gas sensor for the detection of CH₄ and C₂H₆ is demonstrated. Two tunable semiconductor lasers operating at 1.653 μm (for CH₄ monitoring) and 1.684 μm (for C₂H₆) were used as the light source for spectroscopic measurements of CH₄ and C₂H₆. Long-path absorption in a home-made compact dense-pattern multipass cell (L<sub>eff</sub> = 29.37 m) was employed, combined with wavelength modulation and second harmonic detection. Simultaneous detection of CH₄ and C₂H₆ was achieved by separated wavelength modulations of the two lasers. Modulation frequencies and amplitudes were optimized for sensitivity detection of CH₄ and C₂H₆ simultaneously. The dual-gas sensor exhibits 1σ detection limits of 1.5 ppbv for CH₄ in 140 s averaging time and 100 ppbv for C₂H₆ in 200 s.
Downlink beamforming in small cells with scalar information exchange (2014)

Multi-input single-output (MISO) beamforming techniques are addressed in the downlink small cells environment, where a small cell base station (BS) has multiple antennas while a user has a single antenna. Two-types of extreme beamforming schemes at small cell base stations (BSs) are considered based on local channel state information (CSI) at transmitter: i) maximizing the desired channel gain and ii) minimizing the interference generated by each small cell base station (BS). Then, we propose a beamforming scheme that minimizes weighted generating-interference in pursuit of enhancing the achievable rate. In particular, an additional scalar information exchange is assumed between the BSs via a low-rate interface such as the X-2 interface in the 3GPP standards. By carefully choosing the weight coefficients based on the signal-to-interference-and-noise-ratios (SINRs), the scheme balances between these two philosophies - egoism and altruism. Simulation results show that there exists a trade-off between the amount of CSI knowledge and the achievable rate.
A survey of motif finding Web tools for detecting binding site motifs in ChIP-Seq data (2014)

ChIP-Seq (chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing) has provided the advantage for finding motifs as ChIP-Seq experiments narrow down the motif finding to binding site locations. Recent motif finding tools facilitate the motif detection by providing user-friendly Web interface. In this work, we reviewed nine motif finding Web tools that are capable for detecting binding site motifs in ChIP-Seq data. We showed each motif finding Web tool has its own advantages for detecting motifs that other tools may not discover. We recommended the users to use multiple motif finding Web tools that implement different algorithms for obtaining significant motifs, overlapping resemble motifs, and non-overlapping motifs. Finally, we provided our suggestions for future development of motif finding Web tool that better assists researchers for finding motifs in ChIP-Seq data.
TGFβ signaling (2012)

An increasing number of skeletal myopathies are demonstrating favorable responses to alterations of the TGFβ signaling pathway. However, future research is needed to fully understand the downstream molecular signature associated with this pathway in order to develop more specific targeted therapies.
Novel 〈110〉-Oriented Organic−Inorganic Perovskite Compound Stabilized by <i>N</i>-(3-Aminopropyl)imidazole with Improved Optical Properties (2006)

In the organic−inorganic perovskites family, the 〈100〉-oriented type has been extensively investigated as a result of its unique magnetic, optical, and electrical properties, and only one type of 〈110〉-oriented hybrid perovskite stabilized by methylammonium and iodoformamidinium cations or the latter themselves has been known so far. In this paper, another novel 〈110〉-oriented organic−inorganic perovskite (C6H13N3)PbBr4 (compound 1) has been prepared by reacting N-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole (API) with PbBr2 in hydrobromic acid. The crystal structure is determined, which indicates that the perovskite is stabilized by API. The introduction of the optically active organic ligand API into the hybrid perovskite results in a red shift and a great enhancement of photoluminescence in the perovskite with respect to organic ligand API itself. These results have been explained according to calculation based on density-functional theory. Moreover, the excellent film processing ability for the perovskite (C6H13N3)PbBr4 together with the improved optical properties makes it have potential application in optoelectronic devices.
Two-photon interferometry for high-resolution imaging (2002)

This paper discusses the advantages of using non-classical states of light for two aspects of optical imaging: the creation of microscopic images on photosensitive substrates, which constitutes the foundation for optical lithography, and the imaging of microscopic objects. In both cases, the classical resolution limit given by the Rayleigh criterion is approximately half of the optical wavelength. It has been shown, however, that by using multi-photon quantum states of the light field, and a multi-photon sensitive material or detector, this limit can be surpassed. A rigorous quantum mechanical treatment of this problem is given, some particularly widespread misconceptions are addressed, and turning quantum imaging into a practical technology is discussed.
The role of the sporulation gene <i>spollIE</i> in the regulation of prespore‐specific gene expression in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (1989)

The spoIIIG gene encodes a sigma factor that determines prespore-specific gene expression during sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. Correct spatial and temporal expression of the spoIIIG gene depends on a number of other sporulation (spo) genes, but only one of these genes, spoIIIE, has a specific effect on spoIIIG expression and not on gene expression in the other differentiating cell, the mother cell. However, the spoIIIE gene is expressed predominantly before differentiation begins. Thus, its product must play an important role in sensing or determining the spatial localization of prespore-specific gene expression in this system.