gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Compression of picosecond pulses from diode lasers using a modified grating-pair compressor (1990)

Optical pulses from gain-switched diode lasers were compressed using a grating-pair compressor containing an internal telescope. Original pulses of 20-30 psec were compressed to 5-7 psec, with the largest compression factor ~5. Diode-laser pulse compression is well modeled by transmission of Gaussian pulses with excess bandwidth through a dispersive system.
A piecewise function-to-structure registration algorithm for image-guided cardiac catheter ablation (2006)

An extensive simulation study was performed to examine different point-to-surface registration techniques for intraoperative registration of preoperative patient data to points collected with electrophysiologic anatomy mapping systems. Three point-to-surface registration methods were evaluated using simulated points sampled from a preoperative heart model. Downhill Simplex (DS) based method outperformed the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) method and a chamfer transform based method. One hundred simulations were performed under a variety of noise and sampling conditions. Less than four pixels root mean squared distance (RMSD) error was observed when there was a 2-pixel standard deviation Gaussian noise in the point cloud coordinates. This registration error was mainly due to the added noise in the sampled points. A near optimal registration can be achieved when 50 or more points randomly sampled on the surface are used as point samples. Reasonable registration can be achieved when 25 points are used. A motion-compensating approach to registration was evaluated in order to account for the different transformation that each anatomical structure may undergo during the procedure due to respiratory motion and other factors. A piecewise registration method, which registers different anatomical structure independently, was evaluated, and favorable results were obtained as compared to a global registration approach. Further validation is in progress to evaluate the piecewise registration using realistic dynamic phantoms and in vivo animal studies.
Arterial and venous compliance in sustained essential hypertension. (1987)

Arterial and venous compliances are decreased in men with sustained essential hypertension. The reduced arterial compliance acts to maintain systolic pressure and end-systolic stress, thus contributing to the development of cardiac hypertrophy. Since cardiac output remains within the normal range in the hypertrophied hypertensive heart, elevated left ventricular pressures, and therefore increased cardiac filling pressures, are necessary if an adequate stroke volume is to be maintained. In hypertensive persons, reduced venous compliance acts to maintain the filling pressure of the heart in the presence of reduced intravascular volume. In patients with hypertension, even if compliance changes have been initiated by the elevated blood pressure itself, the reduced arterial and venous compliance observed in cross-sectional studies is not simply the mechanical consequence of the elevated blood pressure, but also reflects intrinsic alterations of the vascular wall. Consequently, blood pressure reduction caused by antihypertensive agents is not constantly associated with a reversion of the decreased vascular compliance. Such observations may be of importance in the consideration of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients treated for hypertension.
Smokers of Low-Yield Cigarettes Do Not Consume Less Nicotine (1983)

Advertisements suggest that smokers of cigarettes low in nicotine are exposed to less nicotine and tar. Nicotine yields are measured with smoking machines, but machines do not smoke cigarettes as people do. We therefore measured the actual nicotine content of commercial cigarettes with different nicotine and tar yields as determined with smoking machines, and also measured actual nicotine intake as indicated by blood concentrations of its metabolite, cotinine, in 272 subjects smoking various brands of cigarettes. We found that low-yield cigarette tobacco did not contain less nicotine; in fact, the nicotine concentration in tobacco inversely correlated (r = -0.53, P less than 0.05) with the concentration measured by smoking machines. Blood cotinine concentrations correlated with the number of cigarettes smoked per day but not with the nicotine yield measured by smoking machines. Only 3.8 to 5.0 per cent of total variance in blood cotinine was contributed by nicotine yield. We conclude that smokers of low-nicotine cigarettes do not consume less nicotine.
A Cell Plate–Specific Callose Synthase and Its Interaction with Phragmoplastin (2001)

Callose is synthesized on the forming cell plate and several other locations in the plant. We cloned an Arabidopsis cDNA encoding a callose synthase (CalS1) catalytic subunit. The CalS1 gene comprises 42 exons with 41 introns and is transcribed into a 6.0-kb mRNA. The deduced peptide, with an approximate molecular mass of 226 kD, showed sequence homology with the yeast 1,3-beta-glucan synthases and is distinct from plant cellulose synthases. CalS1 contains 16 predicted transmembrane helices with the N-terminal region and a large central loop facing the cytoplasm. CalS1 interacts with two cell plate--associated proteins, phragmoplastin and a novel UDP-glucose transferase that copurifies with the CalS complex. That CalS1 is a cell plate--specific enzyme is demonstrated by the observations that the green fluorescent protein--CalS1 fusion protein was localized at the growing cell plate, that expression of CalS1 in transgenic tobacco cells enhanced callose synthesis on the forming cell plate, and that these cell lines exhibited higher levels of CalS activity. These data also suggest that plant CalS may form a complex with UDP-glucose transferase to facilitate the transfer of substrate for callose synthesis.
Correlation between magnetic properties of layered ferromagnetic/dielectric material and tunable microwave device applications (2002)

Layered dielectric / ferromagnetic materials are extensively explored for microwave applications. Indeed, these materials combine the large saturation magnetization of ferromagnetic material with the low loss of dielectrics. Here, our aim was to integrate a layered ferromagnetic composite in a microwave propagation structure since the main advantage of such a material is the large impedance for one polarization. Thus, in order to predict the transmission response of the device, we carried out an electromagnetic analysis to determine how the field pattern of a microstrip line and the microwave-induced demagnetizing fields disturb the material behavior. We also explored the use of the propagation structure in two dc magnetic field-dependent devices: a tunable band stop filter and a magnetic switch. The stop-band function presented a large tunability of more than 50% with a minimal insertion loss of 3 dB when 250 Oe field was applied. Moreover, a magnetic switch using a dc field perpendicular to the easy axis of the ferromagnetic material was manufactured.
On properties of floating point arithmetics: numerical stability and the cost of accurate computations (1992)

Floating point arithmetics generally possess many regularity properties in addition to those that are typically used in roundoff error analyses; these properties can be exploited to produce computations that are more accurate and cost effective than many programmers might think possible. Furthermore, many of these properties are quite simple to state and to comprehend, but few programmers seem to be aware of them (or at least willing to rely on them). This dissertation presents some of these properties and explores their consequences for computability, accuracy, cost, and portability. For example, we consider several algorithms for summing a sequence of numbers and show that under very general hypotheses, we can compute a sum to full working precision at only somewhat greater cost than a simple accumulation, which can often produce a sum with no significant figures at all. This example, as well as others we present, can be generalized further by substituting still more complex algorith...
Reverberation robust acoustic modeling using i-vectors with time delay neural networks (2015)

In reverberant environments there are long term interactions between speech and corrupting sources. In this paper a time delay neural network (TDNN) architecture, capable of learning long term temporal relationships and translation invariant representations, is used for reverberation robust acoustic modeling. Further, iVectors are used as an input to the neural network to perform instantaneous speaker and environment adaptation, providing 10% relative improvement in word error rate. By subsampling the outputs at TDNN layers across time steps, training time is reduced. Using a parallel training algorithm we show that the TDNN can be trained on ∼ 5500 hours of speech data in 3 days using up to 32 GPUs. The TDNN is shown to provide results competitive with state of the art systems in the IARPA ASpIRE challenge, with 27.7% WER on the dev test set.
From Jöbsis to the present day: a review of clinical near-infrared spectroscopy measurements of cerebral cytochrome-c-oxidase (2016)

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measurements of cytochrome-c-oxidase (CCO) have the potential to yield crucial information about cerebral metabolism at the patient bedside. Developments in instrumentation and the analytical methods used to resolve changes in CCO have led to many clinical applications of the measurement since its first demonstration in 1977 by Jöbsis. There is a substantial literature of work on measures of CCO in animal and in vitro studies; however, this review focuses on translational studies. Almost 40 years from the advent of the first measurement of CCO using NIRS, this signal continues to hold significant interest in our understanding of the human brain in health and disease. We discuss methodologies for obtaining NIRS measurements of CCO in the clinic and review studies in neonates and adults.
Bundle Adjustment Revisited (2019)

3D reconstruction has been developing all these two decades, from moderate to medium size and to large scale. It's well known that bundle adjustment plays an important role in 3D reconstruction, mainly in Structure from Motion(SfM) and Simultaneously Localization and Mapping(SLAM). While bundle adjustment optimizes camera parameters and 3D points as a non-negligible final step, it suffers from memory and efficiency requirements in very large scale reconstruction. In this paper, we study the development of bundle adjustment elaborately in both conventional and distributed approaches. The detailed derivation and pseudo code are also given in this paper.
Sodium cromoglycate as a replacement for inhaled corticosteroids in mild‐to‐moderate childhood asthma (1996)

We investigated whether sodium cromoglycate 10 mg three times daily, delivered as an aerosol via Nebuhaler (in addition to terbutaline 0.5 mg three times daily), could replace inhaled steroid in children with mild-to-moderate asthma. Children (mean age 10.3 years) were randomly allocated to 12-week treatment with sodium cromoglycate 10 mg plus terbutaline 0.5 mg (group A; n = 30) or placebo plus terbutaline 0.5 mg (group B; n = 32), both taken three times a day. The daily steroid dose was reduced by 50 microg/week for 4 weeks from a starting dose of 200 microg. Fewer patients withdrew owing to worsening asthma from group A (n = 1) than group B (n = 11). Symptom scores, morning and evening peak flows, and additional beta2-agonist usage, recorded on diary cards, were better in group A than group B. Lung function measured at clinic visits was unchanged in either group. Overall opinions of efficacy favoured Group A. Adverse events were similar in the groups. Sodium cromoglycate plus terbutaline substituted effectively for inhaled steroid therapy.
Virtual Sectioning and Haptic Exploration of Volumetric Shapes in the Absence of Visual Feedback (2013)

The reduced behavior for exploration of volumetric data based on the virtual sectioning concept was compared with the free scanning at the use of the StickGrip linkage-free haptic device. Profiles of the virtual surface were simulated through the penholder displacements in relation to the pen tip of the stylus. One or two geometric shapes (cylinder, trapezoidal prism, ball, and torus) or their halves and the ripple surface were explored in the absence of visual feedback. In the free scanning, the person physically moved the stylus. In the parallel scanning, cross-sectional profiles were generated automatically starting from the location indicated by the stylus. Analysis of the performance of 18 subjects demonstrated that the new haptic visualization and exploration technique allowed to create accurate mental images, to recognize and identify virtual shapes. The mean number of errors was about 2.5% in the free scanning mode and 1.9% and 1.5% in the parallel scanning mode at the playback velocity of 28 mm/s and 42 mm/s, respectively. All participants agreed that the haptic visualization of the 3D virtual surface presented as the cross-sectional slices of the workspace was robust and easy to use. The method was developed for visualization of spatially distributed data collected by sensors.
Immigrant entrepreneurs: Koreans in Los Angeles, 1965-1982 (1989)

A decade in preparation, Immigrant Entrepreneurs offers the most comprehensive case study ever completed of the causes and consequences of immigrant business ownership. Koreans are the most entrepreneurial of America's new immigrants. By the mid-1970s Americans had already become aware that Korean immigrants were opening, buying, and operating numerous business enterprises in major cities. When Koreans flourished in small business, Americans wanted to know how immigrants could find lucrative business opportunities where native-born Americans could not. Somewhat later, when Korean-black conflicts surfaced in a number of cities, Americans also began to fear the implications for intergroup relations of immigrant entrepreneurs who start in the middle rather than at the bottom of the social and economic hierarchy. Nowhere was immigrant enterprise more obvious or impressive than in Los Angeles, the world's largest Korean settlement outside of Korea and America's premier city of small business. Analyzing both the short-run and the long-run causes of Korean entrepreneurship, the authors explain why the Koreans could find, acquire, and operate small business firms more easily than could native-born residents. They also provide a context for distinguishing clashes of culture and clashes of interest which cause black-Korean tensions in cities, and for framing effective policies to minimize the tensions.
童音凄切,催人泪下——诗歌The Chimney Sweeper赏析 (2003)

The Chimney SweePerake如孩子A 11嘴Ue black面飞~9 thesn卿,C州ng“’。ep,!’we叩!”in notesof们eZ!“职几le二are thy 3father and mother,say?”Th叮are both gone up协the ehureh top喃“B虎aus。Iwa。haP哪。p。。tha一城巍此’一\Aod,而1’d~ng触Win烤军,、。~,戮ev。Iothed meill汰e。IOth6s减de抖找沪,八no taugnt me to别ng小e no烤splwoe扩一准寸戈 盔二~、飞飞)靡/*清熏簿砌、牙二城一声惨他萨互妒在;白鬓蕙:_.扫烟囱哩!”“扫烟囱哩!护告诉我,碱交每在哪里?”岁.换川俩都到教.堂祷告‘、:厂厂一“、d be。二L,。Iam、,夕anJ赢县漏sing.: _洲__一一一又—习一一一-They面nkthey havedo汕me no injllry,And姗黔ne to praise God即d his Priest and苟ng,WllomakeuPahe盯en证our而sery.”镇卿在声角卒蜘孺、、在冬天的飞...
Fe–Nd–Ti Films with Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy (1984)

Fe–Nd–Ti thin films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy have been prepared by rf sputtering. Though Fe–Nd films has its easy axis of magnetization in the film plane, the addition of Ti to Fe–Nd causes the film to have an easy axis of magnetization in the normal to the film plane. The structure of Fe–Nd-Ti film is detected to be partially crystallized in amorphous alloy matrix.
Intracellular Trafficking of Epidermal Growth Factor Family Ligands Is Directly Influenced by the pH Sensitivity of the Receptor/Ligand Interaction (1995)

Using members of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family as well as site-directed recombinant human EGF mutants, we investigated how ligand binding properties influence endosomal sorting. Mouse EGF (mEGF), human EGF (hEGF), and transforming growth factor alpha (TGF alpha) bind to the human EGF receptor (EGFR) with similar affinities at pH 7.4. However, the binding properties of these ligands have substantially different pH sensitivities resulting in varying degrees of dissociation from the receptors at lower pH levels characteristic of endosomes. We employed a steady-state sorting assay to determine the fraction of ligand sorted to recycling versus degradation as a function of the number of intracellular ligand molecules in mouse B82 fibroblasts. mEGF, hEGF, and TGF alpha display significantly different steady-state endosomal sorting patterns which correspond to the extent of their dissociation at endosomal pH. Moreover, several recombinant hEGF mutants with differing affinities exhibit altered endosomal sorting compared to hEGF, demonstrating a similar direct relationship between ligand binding properties and endosomal sorting outcomes. Intracellular trafficking of the EGF ligands was also monitored by measuring the observed degradation rate constants. These likewise show marked differences that correlate with the differing pH sensitivities of the ligands' binding properties.
Randomized Phase II Trial of a Toll-Like Receptor 9 Agonist Oligodeoxynucleotide, PF-3512676, in Combination With First-Line Taxane Plus Platinum Chemotherapy for Advanced-Stage Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer (2008)

The addition of PF-3512676 to taxane plus platinum chemotherapy for first-line treatment of NSCLC improves objective response and may improve survival. Confirmatory phase III trials are ongoing.
QoS-Aware Scheduling of Workflows in Cloud Computing Environments (2016)

Cloud Computing has emerged as a service model that enables on-demand network access to a large number of available virtualized resources and applications with a minimal management effort and a minor price. The spread of Cloud Computing technologies allowed dealing with complex applications such as Scientific Workflows, which consists of a set of intensive computational and data manipulation operations. Cloud Computing helps such Workflows to dynamically provision compute and storage resources necessary for the execution of its tasks thanks to the elasticity asset of these resources. However, the dynamic nature of the Cloud incurs new challenges, as some allocated resources may be overloaded or out of access during the execution of the Workflow. Moreover, for data intensive tasks, the allocation strategy should consider the data placement constraints since data transmission time can increase notably in this case which implicates the increase of the overall completion time and cost of the Workflow. Likewise, for intensive computational tasks, the allocation strategy should consider the type of the allocated virtual machines, more specifically its CPU, memory and network capacities. Yet, a critical challenge is how to efficiently schedule the Workflow tasks on Cloud resources to optimize its overall quality of service. In this paper, we propose a QoS-aware algorithm for Scientific Workflows scheduling that aims to improve the overall quality of service (QoS) by considering the metrics of execution time, data transmission time, cost, resources availability and data placement constraints. We extended the Parallel Cat Swarm Optimization (PCSO) algorithm to implement our proposed approach. We tested our algorithm within two sample Workflows of different scales and we compared the results to those given by the standard PSO, the CSO and the PCSO algorithms. The results show that our proposed algorithm improves the overall quality of service of the tested Workflows.
First-in-human phase I study of HPN424, a tri-specific half-life extended PSMA-targeting T-cell engager in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). (2020)

5552 Background: HPN424 is a first-in-class, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting T-cell engager designed as a small, globular protein to enable efficient solid-tumor penetration with prolonged half-life. HPN424 is derived from the TriTAC platform (Tri-specific T-Cell-Activating Construct) and engineered with three binding domains: anti-PSMA for tumor cell engagement, anti-albumin for half-life extension and anti-CD3 for T-cell engagement. Methods: This Ph I study is evaluating HPN424 in progressing mCRPC patients (pts) who have received >2 prior systemic therapies. Primary endpoints are safety, tolerability and determination of MTD/RP2D. Secondary objectives are pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics, immunogenicity, and preliminary anti-tumor activity. HPN424 is administered IV once weekly. Tumor assessments include PSA, CT, and bone scans every 9 weeks. Results: As of 1/17/20, 27 pts were dosed in 8 cohorts ranging from 1.3 to 72ng/kg. Pts received a median of 6 prior systemic regimens, including >1 novel AR therapy, and 59% received prior chemotherapy for mCRPC. Median PSA at baseline was 251 ng/mL (range: 0.05 – 5000). No DLTs have been observed. The most common grade >3 TRAEs were cytokine release syndrome (CRS) (3 pts) and transient elevated liver transaminases (2 pts) that occurred concurrently with CRS. All CRS events resolved and pts were successfully re-treated. Short-term steroid premedication was effective in limiting CRS and allowing long-term weekly treatment. HPN424 demonstrated dose proportional increase in Cmax and AUC with a geometric mean T1/2 of 30.5 hours. Dose-dependent, transient increases in peripheral cytokine and chemokine levels were observed. Reduction in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) was seen in 11 of 19 pts with measurable CTC at baseline. Six pts had PSA decreases from baseline ranging from -3.8% to -76%, including 2 pts with PSA decline ≥50%. Ten of 20 pts (50%) with > 18 weeks follow-up remained on study beyond week 18 and includes 8 pts on study > 24 weeks. Conclusions: HPN424 represents a novel half-life extended PSMA-targeting T-cell engager that can be safely administered once weekly. AEs have been transient and manageable. Cytokine increases indicate T-cell activation. CTC reductions in subset of pts suggest target engagement. Early signs of clinical activity include PSA reductions and time on study, including 8 pts on study > 24 weeks. Dose escalation is ongoing, including exploration of step dosing. Clinical trial information: NCT03577028 .
Blind MAI and ISI suppression for DS/CDMA systems using HOS-based inverse filter criteria (2002)

Cumulant-based inverse filter criteria (IFC) using second-and higher order statistics (HOS) proposed by Tugnait et al. (1993) have been widely used for blind deconvolution of discrete-time multi-input multi-output (MIMO) linear time-invariant systems with non-Gaussian measurements through a multistage successive cancellation procedure, but the deconvolved signals turn out to be an unknown permutation of the driving inputs. A multistage blind equalization algorithm (MBEA) is proposed for multiple access interference (MAI) and intersymbol interference (ISI) suppression of multiuser direct sequence/code division multiple access (DS/CDMA) systems in the presence of multipath. The proposed MBEA, which processes the chip waveform matched filter output signal without requiring any path delay information, includes blind deconvolution processing using IFC followed by identification of the estimated symbol sequence with the associated user through a user identification algorithm (UIA). Then, some simulation results are presented to support the proposed MBEA and UIA. Finally, some conclusions are drawn.
Optimization of Human Tendon Tissue Engineering (2012)

bFGF, IGF-1, and PDGF-BB can be used to improve cellular proliferation and repopulation of an acellularized scaffold. The use of growth factors may be an important step in the tissue engineering of human flexor tendons.