gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A role for WRN in telomere-based DNA damage responses (2006)

Telomeres cap the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes and prevent them from being recognized as DNA breaks. We have shown that certain DNA damage responses induced during senescence and, at times of telomere uncapping, also can be induced by treatment of cells with small DNA oligonucleotides homologous to the telomere 3' single-strand overhang (T-oligos), implicating this overhang in generation of these telomere-based damage responses. Here, we show that T-oligo-treated fibroblasts contain gammaH2AX foci and that these foci colocalize with telomeres. T-oligos with nuclease-resistant 3' ends are inactive, suggesting that a nuclease initiates T-oligo responses. We therefore examined WRN, a 3'-->5' exonuclease and helicase mutated in Werner syndrome, a disorder characterized by aberrant telomere maintenance, premature aging, chromosomal rearrangements, and predisposition to malignancy. Normal fibroblasts and U20S osteosarcoma cells rendered deficient in WRN showed reduced phosphorylation of p53 and histone H2AX in response to T-oligo treatment. Together, these data demonstrate a role for WRN in processing of telomeric DNA and subsequent activation of DNA damage responses. The T-oligo model helps define the role of WRN in telomere maintenance and initiation of DNA damage responses after telomere disruption.
Welcoming Deaf Students into STEM: Recommendations for University Science Education (2018)

Scientists are shaped by their unique life experiences and bring these perspectives to their research. Diversity in life and cultural experiences among scientists, therefore, broadens research directions and, ultimately, scientific discoveries. Deaf individuals, for example, have successfully contributed their unique perspectives to scientific inquiry. However, deaf individuals still face challenges in university science education. Most deaf students in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines interact with faculty who have little to no experience working with deaf individuals and who often have preconceptions or simply a lack of knowledge about deaf individuals. In addition to a lack of communication access, deaf students may also feel unwelcome in STEM, as do other underrepresented groups. In this essay, we review evidence from the literature and, where data are lacking, contribute the expert opinions of the authors, most of whom are deaf scientists themselves, to identify strategies to best support deaf students in university STEM education. We describe the journey of a hypothetical deaf student and methods for faculty to create a welcoming environment. We describe and provide recommendations for classroom seating and layout, accommodations, teaching strategies, and research mentoring. We also discuss the importance of including deaf scientists in research about deaf individuals.
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase (17β -HSD3, 17β-HSD5, and 3α-HSD3) Inhibitors:Extragonadal Regulation of Intracellular Sex Steroid Hormone Levels (2007)

Sex hormone signaling regulates the growth, differentiation and development of many tissues. The intracellular concentrations of sex hormones are regulated by several enzymes, including the 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17β-HSDs) and 3α- hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (3α-HSDs). Most notably, these enzymes are involved in the oxidation and reduction of ketone and β- hydroxyl groups at the C17 position of androgens and estrogens. Fourteen mammalian 17β-HSDs have been identified to date; and are grouped into oxidative enzymes (17β-HSD types 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 14) that catalyze the NAD+-dependent inactivation of sex hormones and reductive enzymes (17β-HSD types 1, 3, 5 and 7) that catalyze the formation of more potent steroid receptor ligands. The proliferative effects of androgens and estrogens in target tissues and over-expression of 17β-HSDs in cancer have led to intense drug discovery efforts to identify and develop 17β-HSD inhibitors that can be used for the treatment of breast, prostate and endometrial cancers, neurological disorders, endometriosis, acne, hirsutism and other hormone dependent and independent diseases. Potent and selective inhibitors of intracellular androgen biosynthesis have been reported and, recent proof-of-concept data suggests that these agents have utility in the treatment of androgen-dependent diseases. This review summarizes recent patents and scientific literature regarding steroidal and nonsteroidal 17β-HSD3, 17β-HSD5, and 3α-HSD3 inhibitors and their promise for treatment of androgen-dependent diseases.
An Empirical Study of Release Note Production and Usage in Practice (2020)

The release note is one of the most important software artifacts that serves as a communication bridge between development teams and users. Release notes contain a set of crucial information, such as descriptions of enhancements, improvements, potential issues, development, evolution, testing, and maintenance of projects throughout the whole development life cycle. A comprehensive understanding of the characteristics of release notes and how to best document one for different targeted users would be highly beneficial. However, the release note is often neglected and has not to date been systematically investigated by researchers. In this paper, we conducted a descriptive case study to investigate release note production and usage in practice. We first performed a large scale empirical study of 32,425 release notes in 1,000 GitHub projects to understand the characteristics of real-world release notes, and eight categories of information identified that are normally documented in release notes. We then conducted interviews with 15 professionals and an online survey with 314 respondents to investigate their opinions on release notes in practice. Our results show that both release note producers and users consider that well-formed release notes impact software activities (e.g., software evolution) positively. We summarised 27 statements about release notes grouped into eight topics based on participants’ opinions. Our study uncovers significant discrepancies between release note producers and users in perceiving release notes. Based on these findings, we provide a set of release note production and usage guidelines for practitioners and highlight future research directions.
[Role of nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation in pathogenesis of acute experimental pancreatitis]. (2005)

In experiment, conducted on 130 Wistar line rats, there was studied up the influence of nitric oxide on the peroxidal oxidation of lipids intensity, activity of enzymes of the antioxidant defense system and morphological changes in acute pancreatitis. Modern suggestions about the influence of the nitric oxide system on pathogenetic mechanisms of an acute pancreatitis and possibilities of correcting therapy were scrutinized. It was established, that the nitrates and the nitrites content in the blood serum of experimental animals correlates positively with the pancreatic oedema index and severity of its morphological changes as well. Intraperitoneal injection of 20% water solution of L-arginine in dosage 200 mg per 100 g of an animal body mass have had aggravated an acute pancreatitis course; intravenous injection of 1% water solution of methylene blue in dosage 1 mg per 100 g of an animal body mass caused pancreatoprotective effect.
Utilizing social media data for pharmacovigilance: A review (2015)

Our review suggests that interest in the utilization of the vast amounts of available social media data for ADR monitoring is increasing. In terms of sources, both health-related and general social media data have been used for ADR detection-while health-related sources tend to contain higher proportions of relevant data, the volume of data from general social media websites is significantly higher. There is still very limited amount of annotated data publicly available , and, as indicated by the promising results obtained by recent supervised learning approaches, there is a strong need to make such data available to the research community.
Information Aggregation Efficiency in Virtual Prediction Markets (2006)

Prediction markets have shown excellent information aggregation and forecasting abilities.
Markets can efficiently consolidate information that is widely dispersed among a number of
individuals. In such markets, securities of future outcomes are traded on virtual trading
platforms. Resulting market prices reflect a market consensus about the likelihood of future
outcomes.
The development of electronic markets has enabled a broader application of markets and
improved market design options for the purpose of business forecasting and decision support.
Prediction markets are expected to become a central information management instrument of
organizations in the future. However, little is known about the mechanism of information
aggregation in such markets. A predominant theory of information aggregation based on
differences in trader types has been proposed in literature. It states that a certain trader type
shows superior ability to identify relevant information and show less cognitive biases. It states
further that this trader type is responsible for efficient information aggregation. Empirical
observations made in several experimental markets militate against such a theory.
This thesis seeks to challenge the trader-based theory by testing its assumptions with regard to
prediction accuracy and by proposing and testing an alternative theory based on allocative
efficiency.
Environmental Assessment of Water Quality in Kuwait Bay (2014)

Present study aimed to assess the spatial and temporal variations of water quality in Kuwait Bay from six stations between 2009 to 2011. The results showed that the concentration of phosphorus (PO 4 ), nitrate (NO 3 ) and dissolved oxygen(DO) fluctuated over time and space. Six stations were significantly grouped into two main classes by cluster analysis, one group located in western side of the Bay and other in eastern side. Three principal component are responsible for water quality variations in the Bay. The first component included DO and pH. The second included PO 4 and NO 3 , and the last component contained seawater temperature and turbidity. Water quality in Kuwait Bay is influenced by seasonal variations and discharges from point sources of pollution along Kuwait Bay's coast as well as from Shat Al-Arab River. Redesign spatial strategy of monitoring stations is required to cover most degraded areas in Kuwait Bay such Sulaibikhat Bay.
FTIR study of CO adsorption on basic zeolites (2006)

FTIR spectra of CO adsorbed at low temperatures on CsX and KX zeolites, unlike those for CsZSM5 or NaX, reveal bands at wavenumbers below the position of the free molecule. In accordance with the electrostatic model, the bands are attributed to molecules which form side-on complexes with basic framework oxygen ions. Low values of entropy changes on adsorption, obtained for these bands from the analysis of the temperature dependence of the intensity at different pressures, testify to the rotational mobility of molecules adsorbed on anions.
Shape‐Memory Alloys as New Materials for Aseismic Isolation (1991)

New results are presented in the area of hysteretic modeling and experimental characterization of shape memory alloys (SMAs). A stress‐induced micromechanical phase transition occurs in SMAs that causes inelastic deformation and gives rise to a large energy‐absorbing capacity. Because it is possible to achieve large hysteretic deformation in SMAs without incurring plastic deformation, SMAs have potential for use in earthquake‐engineering passive damping schemes. In order to represent such energy‐absorbing behavior, an existing one‐dimensional model of hysteresis is modified to include the macroscopic characteristics of SMAs. Also, the results of cyclic material‐characterization tests applied to a nickel‐titanium SMA known as Nitinol are presented. Hysteretic behavior closely resembling that of the superelastic material was obtained in the laboratory for cyclic strain levels up to 4.5%. The model of SMA behavior is also compared to the cyclic responses of Nitinol.
Analysis and comparison of classical and flex-PCB slotless windings in BLDC motors (2012)

Slotless brushless DC motors find more and more applications due to their high performance and their low production cost. This paper focuses on the windings inserted in the airgap of these motors, and particularly, to an original production technique which consists in printing the windings on a flexible printed circuit board. It shows that this technique, when coupled with an optimization of the winding shape, can improve the power density of about 30 % compared with classical skewed and rhombic windings made of round wire.
Accurate Vision-based Vehicle Localization using Satellite Imagery (2015)

We propose a method for accurately localizing ground vehicles with the aid of satellite imagery. Our approach takes a ground image as input, and outputs the location from which it was taken on a georeferenced satellite image. We perform visual localization by estimating the co-occurrence probabilities between the ground and satellite images based on a ground-satellite feature dictionary. The method is able to estimate likelihoods over arbitrary locations without the need for a dense ground image database. We present a ranking-loss based algorithm that learns location-discriminative feature projection matrices that result in further improvements in accuracy. We evaluate our method on the Malaga and KITTI public datasets and demonstrate significant improvements over a baseline that performs exhaustive search.
379. Delivery of Human Clotting Factors By Expression from B lymphocytes Genetically Engineered Using the Sleeping Beauty Transposon System (2015)

Hemophilia A and hemophilia B are X-linked, genetic disorders that are caused by defective or deficient coagulation factor VIII and IX, respectively, resulting in the inability to form blood clots and sustained bleeding after trauma or injury. Recombinant clotting factor protein is currently used to treat hemophilia at a high cost per patient. As a therapeutic approach for hemophilia, gene transfer has the potential to provide more consistent levels of circulating clotting factor over an extended period of time for more cost-effective treatment. Moreover, only modest levels of FVIII or FIX expression (2%-5% of normal) can improve clinical outcomes. We are using the Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system to engineer autologous human B cells for secretion of clotting factors as a cellular therapy for hemophilia. An in vitro system for expansion and differentiation of memory B cells into plasma cells has been developed. Plasma cells are suitable for sustained delivery of FVIII or FIX, since they secrete high levels of protein and may survive for years in vivo. For human FIX expression, we assembled an SB transposon with the human FIX coding sequence (codon-optimized with R338L mutation for enhanced potency) regulated by the CAGS promoter. Elevated levels of hFIX in cultures of B lymphoblastoid cells required co-electroporation of the hFIX transposon along with an SB transposase encoding plasmid, demonstrating the role of transposition in achieving extended hFIX expression. There have been remarkable advances recently in the treatment of hemophilia B by systemic AAV8-hFIX administration, but similar treatment of hemophilia A presents a significant challenge due to the size of the FVIII-encoding sequence and the complexity of the protein. We previously demonstrated B-domain deleted hFVIII expression and correction of clotting dysfunction in FVIII deficient mice by hydrodynamic delivery using the SB transposon system (Ohlfest et al, Blood 105: 2691, 2005). Current studies are focused on identifying conditions for effective hFVIII transposon delivery and long term expression in primary human B cells after Sleeping Beauty-mediated transposition. Results from these studies will be applicable to the development of a clinical protocol for treatment of human hemophilia by infusion of B cells genetically engineered using the Sleeping Beauty transposon system.
Conventional and molecular marker-assisted selection and pyramiding of genes for multiple disease resistance in tomato (2016)

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is widely grown in the tropics but production is subject to high losses from diseases. AVRDC—The World Vegetable Center initiated a program to develop fresh market tomato lines resistant to begomoviruses causing tomato yellow leaf curl disease, Phytophthora infestans causing late blight, Ralstonia solanacearum causing bacterial wilt, Stemphyllium spp. causing gray leaf spot, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 2, and Tobacco mosaic virus. This work provides greenhouse, field, molecular marker, and laboratory protocols used in the screening and selection process that were applied to segregating populations during generation advance over three years to develop five multiple disease resistant F7 fresh market tomato lines. Resistance of the five lines to the abovementioned diseases was confirmed in subsequent evaluations. Average yields of the five lines exceeded 100 t/ha under optimal temperatures in a dry season trial, but yields were reduced in a second trial under higher temperatures and rainfall. Seed of three multiple disease resistant F7:8 lines is available from AVRDC (http://avrdc.org/seed/improved-lines/); these lines have potential for release as inbred line cultivars, hybrid parental lines, or breeding stock.
Quality control of laser- and powder bed-based Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies (2010)

The quality of metal components manufactured by laser- and powder bed-based additive manufacturing technologies has continuously been improved over the last years. However, to establish this production technology in industries with very high quality standards the accessibility of prevalent quality management methods to all steps of the process chain needs still to be enhanced. This publication describes which tools are and will be available to fulfil those requirements from the perspective of a laser machine manufacturer. Generally five aspects of the part building process are covered by separate Quality Management (QM) modules: the powder quality, the temperature management, the process gas atmosphere, the melt pool behaviour and the documentation module. This paper sets the focus on melt pool analysis and control.
[A successfully treated case of intraoperative latex anaphylaxis during abdominal aorta aneurysm resection]. (2003)

We experienced resuscitation from latex anaphylaxis induced by surgical gloves during elective abdominal aorta aneurysm resection in a low risk adult with latex allergy. The patient developed severe circulatory collapse 10 minutes after the start of surgery. Although administration of dopamine, norepinephrine, and a large amount of fluid could not normalize this circulatory collapse, but addition of famotidine and chlorpheniramine could restore blood pressure. After resuscitation, we decided to postpone the operation. The re-operation was planned in the latex free setting one month later. All products, containing latex, had been excluded from operating room one day before the re-operation, and the patient entered operating room earlier than other patients to avoid latex-polluted powder from surgical gloves of other staffs. Y-shaped graft replacement was performed, and the perioperative course was uneventful. Latex is the second leading cause of intraoperative anaphylaxis, and the high-risk cases could be easily detected through the questionnaires, focusing on latex and other tropical fruits allergy. Moreover, because it is easy to get latex-free products, we recommend that a set of latex free products should be prepared at least for a high-risk case of latex allergy.
High-Efficiency Gene Transfer to Primary Monkey Airway Epithelial Cells with Retrovirus Vectors Using the Gibbon Ape Leukemia Virus Receptor (1993)

The efficiency of retrovirus-mediated gene transfer to primary airway epithelial cells from rhesus monkeys was evaluated. We compared the use of murine amphotropic retrovirus vectors to the use of murine retrovirus vectors containing the envelope (Env) glycoproteins from gibbon ape leukemia virus (GALV). These vectors use distinct receptors to gain entry into host cells. We found that vectors with the GALV Env glycoproteins are up to 10-fold more efficient at transducing genes into primary monkey airway epithelial cells than vectors with the amphotropic Env glycoproteins. Under optimal conditions, up to about 80% of primary monkey airway epithelial cells could be transduced with the vector containing the GALV Env glycoproteins. In addition, we found that delivery of retrovirus vectors to the apical side of polarized airway epithelial cultures was significantly more efficient than delivery to the basal side. These results suggest the feasibility of luminal delivery of retrovirus vectors to the lung.
An open-label, multicenter, phase Ib study investigating the effect of apalutamide on ventricular repolarization in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer (2018)

The effect of apalutamide on QTc prolongation was modest and does not produce a clinically meaningful effect on ventricular repolarization. The AE profile was consistent with other studies of apalutamide.
Methanol Synthesis from CO and CO2 Hydrogenations over Supported Palladium Catalysts (2002)

Abstract The hydrogenation of CO and CO2 was carried out over palladium catalysts supported on various metal oxides. A significant support effect of Ga2O3 on the methanol synthesis activity from CO2 hydrogenation was observed. On the other hand, a Pd/ZrO2 catalyst showed high methanol synthesis activity from CO hydrogenation. Furthermore, the hydrogenation reaction over Pd/Ga2O3 and Pd/ZrO2 catalysts was investigated by in situ infrared spectroscopy in order to understand the active sites and the reaction mechanism. On the Pd/Ga2O3 catalyst, surface formate and methoxy species were observed during CO and CO2 hydrogenation. In contrast, the reaction pathway was clearly different between CO and CO2 hydrogenation over the Pd/ZrO2 catalyst. That is, surface formaldehyde and methoxy species were observed as intermediates during CO hydrogenation, while surface formate and methoxy species were detected during CO2 hydrogenation. It was thus found that the reaction mechanisms of methanol synthesis from CO and CO2 hydrogenation were strongly dependent on the types of supports over the Pd catalysts.
A monolithic integrated millimeter wave transmitter for automotive applications (1995)

An integrated transmitter at 80 GHz is presented. This device finds many applications in civil sensor and communication systems, and is employed in automotive applications. The device consists of an IMPATT diode and a slotted patch resonator. The resonator acts simultaneously as an antenna. The resonator impedance seen by the IMPATT diode is calculated by means of a full wave analysis and the matching of the IMPATT diode is investigated using a large signal analysis. The transmitter devices have been fabricated employing a SIMMWIC (silicon millimeter wave integrated circuit) fabrication process and deliver a radiated power of up to 1 mW at 79 GHz. An excellent carrier-to-noise ratio of 81.7 dBc/Hz at an offset of 100 kHz has been achieved. The deviation of the measured values from the theoretically predicted values of frequency and power is -5.9% and -1.5 dB, respectively.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>