gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional cage-like microscaffolds for cell invasion studies (2015)

Cancer cell motility is one of the major events involved in metastatic process. Tumor cells that disseminate from a primary tumor can migrate into the vascular system and, being carried by the bloodstream, transmigrate across the endothelium, giving rise to a new tumor site. However, during the invasive process, tumor cells must pass through the extracellular matrix, whose structural and mechanical properties define the parameters of the migration process. Here, we propose 3D-complex cage-like microstructures, realized by two-photon (TP) direct laser writing (DLW), to analyze cell migration through pores significantly smaller than the cell nucleus. We found that the ability to traverse differently sized pores depends on the metastatic potential and on the invasiveness of the cell lines, allowing to establish a pore-area threshold value able to discriminate between non-tumorigenic and tumorigenic human breast cells.
Metal–organic frameworks MIL-88A with suitable synthesis conditions and optimal dosage for effective catalytic degradation of Orange G through persulfate activation (2016)

Possible mechanism for the activation of PS by MIL-88A involves heterogeneous and homogeneous reaction.
A concise XML binding framework facilitates practical object-oriented document engineering (2008)

Semantic web researchers tend to assume that XML Schema and OWL-S are the correct means for representing the types, structure, and semantics of XML data used for documents and interchange between programs and services. These technologies separate information representation from implementation. The separation may seem like a benefit, because it is platform-agnostic. The problem is that the separation interferes with writing correct programs for practical document engineering, because it violates a primary principle of object-oriented programming: integration of data structures and algorithms. We develop an XML binding framework that connects Java object declarations with serialized XML representation. A basis of the framework is a metalanguage, embedded in Java object and field declarations, designed to be particularly concise, to facilitate the authoring and maintenance of programs that generate and manipulate XML documents. The framework serves as the foundation for a layered software architecture that includes meta-metadata descriptions for multimedia information extraction, modeling, and visualization; Lightweight Semantic Distributed Computing Services; interaction logging services; and a user studies framework.
Pulsed Energy Storage in Fusion Devices (2016)

Research and development on pulsed energy technologies primarily for pulsed high-beta fusion systems, is described. Systems studies at Los Alamos and elsewhere have served to define these required technologies, which include fast discharging homopolar machines, pulsed superconducting coils, and the associated switching technology. Programs at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, Westinghouse, and The University of' Texas are described here.
Machine Learning Techniques for Satellite Fault Diagnosis (2019)

Satellites are known as a remotely operated systems with high degree of complexity due to large number of interconnected devices onboard the satellite. Consequently, it has corresponding significant number of telemetry parameters to allow operator and designers have full control and monitor of satellite mode of operation. The tremendous amount of telemetry data received from the satellite, during its lifetime, has to be analyzed in order to monitor and control subsystems health for better decision making and fast responsively. In this research, we address the topic of using machine learning techniques to diagnose faults of satellite subsystems using its telemetry parameters. The case study and source of telemetry are acquired from Egyptsat-1 satellite which has been launched April 2007 and lost communication with ground station last 2010. We applied Machine learning techniques in order to identify operating modes and corresponding telemetry parameters. We used Support Vector Machine for Regression to analyze the satellite performance; then a fault diagnosis approach is applied to determine the most probable reason of this satellite failure. Telemetry data is clustered using k-means clustering algorithm in combination with t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) function for dimensionality reduction. We classified data using Logical Analysis of Data (LAD) in order to generate positive patterns for each failure class which is used to determine probability failure cause for each telemetry parameter. These probabilities enable Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) to get the most probable cause that lead to satellite failure.
Controlled temperature tissue fusion: Argon laser welding of canine intestine in vitro (1996)

Laser-assisted intestinal anastomoses created in vitro are optimally strong at 90-95 degrees C feedback control temperatures.
Adjuvanted pandemic influenza vaccine: variation of emulsion components affects stability, antigen structure, and vaccine efficacy (2012)

Oil-in-water emulsions can significantly enhance antibody and cellular immune responses to a pandemic influenza antigen. The dramatic differences in adjuvant activity between squalene-based emulsion and medium chain triglyceride-based emulsion are due principally to the biological activity of the oil composition rather than physical interactions of the antigen with the emulsion.
<title>Modular architecture for smart pixel switching networks</title> (1993)

Multistage interconnection networks based on the perfect shuffle topology are often suggested as candidates for large scale multiprocessor and broadband communication networks. The perfect shuffle interconnection requires global communication links that extend across the entire system and have a large number of wire crossovers. These constraints prohibit a scalable electronic implementation both within a VLSI chip and at the MCM or board levels. This paper presents the architecture of a scalable optoelectronic hardware module for building multistage interconnection networks. To achieve a scalable implementation, the design uses free-space optical interconnects for global communication links and electronic VLSI technology for local communication links and switching elements (e.g., smart pixel approach). Our approach is to engineer a network with the desired functionality, cost, and performance characteristics using generic hardware modules. In this paper, various applications are examined and their implementation using the proposed method is described.
Quantitative phase microscopy via optimized inversion of the phase optical transfer function (2015)

Although the field of quantitative phase imaging (QPI) has wide-ranging biomedical applicability, many QPI methods are not well-suited for such applications due to their reliance on coherent illumination and specialized hardware. By contrast, methods utilizing partially coherent illumination have the potential to promote the widespread adoption of QPI due to their compatibility with microscopy, which is ubiquitous in the biomedical community. Described herein is a new defocus-based reconstruction method that utilizes a small number of efficiently sampled micrographs to optimally invert the partially coherent phase optical transfer function under assumptions of weak absorption and slowly varying phase. Simulation results are provided that compare the performance of this method with similar algorithms and demonstrate compatibility with large phase objects. The accuracy of the method is validated experimentally using a microlens array as a test phase object. Lastly, time-lapse images of live adherent cells are obtained with an off-the-shelf microscope, thus demonstrating the new method's potential for extending QPI capability widely in the biomedical community.
Comparison of the Sequence-Dependent Fluorescence of the Cyanine Dyes Cy3, Cy5, DyLight DY547 and DyLight DY647 on Single-Stranded DNA (2014)

Cyanine dyes are commonly used for fluorescent labeling of DNA and RNA oligonucleotides in applications including qPCR, sequencing, fluorescence in situ hybridization, Förster resonance energy transfer, and labeling for microarray hybridization. Previous research has shown that the fluorescence efficiency of Cy3 and Cy5, covalently attached to the 5' end of single-stranded DNA, is strongly sequence dependent. Here, we show that DY547 and DY647, two alternative cyanine dyes that are becoming widely used for nucleic acid labeling, have a similar pattern of sequence-dependence, with adjacent purines resulting in higher intensity and adjacent cytosines resulting in lower intensity. Investigated over the range of all 1024 possible DNA 5mers, the intensities of Cy3 and Cy5 drop by ∼ 50% and ∼ 65% with respect to their maxima, respectively, whereas the intensities of DY547 and DY647 fall by ∼ 45% and ∼ 40%, respectively. The reduced magnitude of change of the fluorescence intensity of the DyLight dyes, particularly of DY647 in comparison with Cy5, suggests that these dyes are less likely to introduce sequence-dependent bias into experiments based on fluorescent labeling of nucleic acids.
Ciguatera (1993)

Ciguatera is a type of marine food poisoning produced by the consumption of ciguatoxic reef fish. The disease is of significant concern in many tropical areas where it has been known for centuries. Although mortality from ciguatera is low, morbidity is high and symptoms may be debilitating and prolonged. Ciguatera produces characteristic gastrointestinal, neurological, and to a lesser extent, cardiovascular symptoms. Though the symptoms are relatively well documented, the disease often goes unreported or misdiagnosed. The toxins responsible for ciguatera are produced by marine dinoflagellates associated with coral reefs. The toxins are ingested by and accumulate in the fishes which when consumed by man ultimately cause ciguatera. Recent advances in toxin pharmacology have identified ciguatoxin as a sodium channel agonist and have begun to address other aspects of ciguatera on the molecular level. Treatment with mannitol relieves the symptoms; the precise mechanism or mechanisms of action have not been proven. Immunoassays are being developed for detecting even negligible amounts of toxins in suspect fish flesh.
Recent progress in spontaneous speech recognition and understanding (2004)

How to recognize and understand spontaneous speech is one of the most important issues in state-of-the-art speech recognition technology. In this context, a five-year large scale national project entitled "Spontaneous speech: corpus and processing technology" started in Japan in 1999. This paper gives an overview of the project and reports on the major results of experiments that have been conducted so far at Tokyo Institute of Technology, including spontaneous presentation speech recognition, automatic speech summarization, and message-driven speech recognition. The paper also discusses the most important research problems to be solved in order to achieve ultimate spontaneous speech recognition systems.
[Acetate accumulation and shift of bacterial community during anaerobic sewage sludge fermentation by pH adjustment]. (2009)

pH not only altered the yields of VFAs and acetate,but also changed the bacterial community structure. Under the alkali condition, the VFAs accumulation was mainly from the hydrolysis fermenting bacteria. At the neutral and acid conditions, the syntroph acetogenic bacteria made more contribution for the acetate accumulation.
Kwiyani, Harvey, Multicultural Kingdom: Ethnic Diversity, Mission and the Church (2022)

Rezension von: Multicultural Kingdom: Ethnic Diversity, Mission and the Church, London, SCM Press, ISBN: 978-03-3405-752-9
Electro-optical and Magneto-optical Sensing Apparatus and Method for Characterizing Free-space Electromagnetic Radiation (2023)

Apparatus and methods for characterizing free-space electromagnetic energy, and in particular, apparatus/method suitable for real-time two-dimensional far-infrared imaging applications are presented. The sensing technique is based on a non-linear coupling between a low-frequency electric (or magnetic) field and a laser beam in an electro-optic (or magnetic-optic) crystal. In addition to a practical counter-propagating sensing technique, a co-linear approach is described which provides longer radiated field-optical beam interaction length, thereby making imaging applications practical.
Delivery of the Cre recombinase by a self-deleting lentiviral vector: Efficient gene targeting <i>in vivo</i> (2001)

The Cre recombinase (Cre) from bacteriophage P1 is an important tool for genetic engineering in mammalian cells. We constructed lentiviral vectors that efficiently deliver Cre in vitro and in vivo. Surprisingly, we found a significant reduction in proliferation and an accumulation in the G(2)/M phase of Cre-expressing cells. To minimize the toxic effect of Cre, we designed a lentiviral vector that integrates into the host genome, expresses Cre in the target cell, and is subsequently deleted from the genome in a Cre-dependent manner. Thus, the activity of Cre terminates its own expression (self-deleting). We showed efficient modification of target genes in vitro and in the brain after transduction with the self-deleting vectors. In contrast to sustained Cre expression, transient expression of Cre from the self-deleting vector induced significantly less cytotoxicity. Such a self-deleting Cre vector is a promising tool for the induction of conditional gene modifications with minimal Cre toxicity in vivo.
Modulation of Immune Responses Induced by DNA Vaccine Expressing Glycoprotein B of Pseudorabies Virus via Coadministration of IFN- <i>γ</i> -Associated Cytokines (2006)

The immunomodulatory efficacy of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-associated cytokines coadministered with a plasmid DNA vaccine has been investigated, with variable results. Therefore, to test the immunomodulatory effect of IFN-gamma-associated cytokines as vaccine adjuvant, the present study evaluated the immune responses induced by pseudorabies virus (PrV) gB-encoded plasmid DNA vaccine coadministered with IFN-gamma-associated cytokines and chemokines. These cytokines and chemokines included interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18, as potent inducers of IFN-gamma, and IFN-gamma-inducible protein (IP-10), the production of which is IFN-gamma dependent. A coinjection of either IL-12 or IL-18 strongly suppressed the humoral antibody responses but increased the production of the Th1-type cytokines IFN-gamma and IL-2 from immune T cells. Such antibody suppression was closely related to the increased susceptibility against a virulent viral challenge. On the other hand, IP-10 exhibited enhanced immune responses in both antibody responses and IFN-gamma production of immune T cells and facilitated the prolonged survival of infected mice. In contrast, there was no significant change in the immune responses of the mice that received codelivery of IFN-gamma. Therefore, IFN-gamma-associated cytokines, as Th1-type inducers, can generate unexpected and unwanted effects, and their application as a vaccine adjuvant should be carefully evaluated depending on the target antigens.
Infectious complications of CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor–modified T-cell immunotherapy (2017)

Lymphodepletion chemotherapy with CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor-modified T (CAR-T)-cell immunotherapy is a novel treatment for refractory or relapsed B-cell malignancies. Infectious complications of this approach have not been systematically studied. We evaluated infections occurring between days 0 to 90 in 133 patients treated with CD19 CAR-T cells in a phase 1/2 study. We used Poisson and Cox regression to evaluate pre- and posttreatment risk factors for infection, respectively. The cohort included patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL; n = 47), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (n = 24), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 62). There were 43 infections in 30 of 133 patients (23%) within 28 days after CAR-T-cell infusion with an infection density of 1.19 infections for every 100 days at risk. There was a lower infection density of 0.67 between days 29 and 90 (<i>P</i> = .02). The first infection occurred a median of 6 days after CAR-T-cell infusion. Six patients (5%) developed invasive fungal infections and 5 patients (4%) had life-threatening or fatal infections. Patients with ALL, ≥4 prior antitumor regimens, and receipt of the highest CAR-T-cell dose (2 × 10<sup>7</sup> cells per kg) had a higher infection density within 28 days in an adjusted model of baseline characteristics. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) severity was the only factor after CAR-T-cell infusion associated with infection in a multivariable analysis. The incidence of infections was comparable to observations from clinical trials of salvage chemoimmunotherapies in similar patients. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01865617.
Effect of in vitro organic nitrate tolerance on relaxation, cyclic GMP accumulation, and guanylate cyclase activation by glyceryl trinitrate and the enantiomers of isoidide dinitrate. (1988)

Previously, it was shown that the D enantiomer of isoidide dinitrate was 10-fold more potent than the L enantiomer and 10-fold less potent than glyceryl trinitrate for stimulating cyclic GMP accumulation and relaxation of isolated rat aorta. In the present study, these organic nitrates were tested for their ability to induce tolerance to organic nitrate-induced relaxation, cyclic GMP accumulation, and guanylate cyclase activation in rat aorta in vitro. To compensate for the differences in vasodilator potency, tolerance was induced by incubating isolated rat aorta with concentrations of organic nitrates 1,000-fold greater than the EC50 for relaxation. Under these conditions, the EC50 for relaxation was increased significantly for each organic nitrate and to a similar degree on subsequent reexposure. These data suggest that the potential for inducing in vitro tolerance to relaxation was the same for the three organic nitrates tested. When activation of soluble guanylate cyclase by these compounds was assessed, the enantiomers of isoidide dinitrate were equipotent, but less potent than glyceryl trinitrate, suggesting that the site of enantioselectivity is not guanylate cyclase itself. In blood vessels made tolerant to organic nitrates by pretreatment with glyceryl trinitrate, vasodilator activity, cyclic GMP accumulation, and guanylate cyclase activation were attenuated on reexposure to each organic nitrate. In addition, differences in the potency of the three organic nitrates and the enantioselectivity of isoidide dinitrate for relaxation were abolished in tolerant tissue, whereas the potency difference between glyceryl trinitrate and isoidide dinitrate for activation of guanylate cyclase was unchanged.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Thermal and transport properties of the Heusler-type compounds Fe2−xTi1+xSn (2004)

We have studied the thermoelectric properties of the stoichiometric and off-stoichiometric Heusler compounds Fe2−xTi1+xSn between 10K and 400K. It is found that the electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficient are very sensitive to the off-stoichiometry. Seebeck coefficient (S) measurements indicate that all studied materials are p-type materials with moderate S values of about 20–30μV∕K at room temperature. Broad maximums at around 330K are observed in S for Fe2TiSn and Fe2.05Ti0.95Sn, and this maximum shifts to higher temperatures with replacing more Ti for Fe. These features are consistent with other experimental results and are related to issues raised by band-structure calculations.
A monoclonal antibody against a murine CD38 homologue delivers a signal to B cells for prolongation of survival and protection against apoptosis in vitro: unresponsiveness of X-linked immunodeficient B cells. (1995)

A novel monoclonal antibody (mAb) was established in an attempt to look for a cell-surface molecule that delivered a signal regulating apoptotic cell death of B cells. Because spleen cells in resting culture die from apoptosis, mAb were looked for that were able to prolong spleen cell survival in vitro. This screening selected mAb CS/2. CS/2 not only prolonged spleen cell survival in vitro, but also protected spleen cells from apoptotic cell death brought about by irradiation or dexamethasone. Moreover, stimulation of spleen cells with CS/2 mAb induced changes of cells to blastoid morphology, and a significant uptake of [3H]thymidine ([3H]TdR). The antigen recognized by CS/2 mAb (CS/2 Ag) was expressed on preB cells, B cells, and Mac-1+ cells. The cells surviving in vitro culture or irradiation in response to ligation with CS/2 mAb were mostly B cells expressing the CS/2 Ag. In addition, B cells from X-linked immunodeficient (XID) mice did not respond to CS/2 mAb. These results indicate that CS/2 mAb is agonistic to B cells, and that XID mice are deficient in this CS/2 mAb-mediated activation pathway. Determination of the amino-terminal 24 amino acid residues revealed that the CS/2 Ag appears to be identical to the CS/2 mAb is directed against a murine CD38 homologue, and suggest a possible role of the murine CD38 homologue in controlling apoptotic cell death of B cells.
Milk Production and Composition from Cows Fed Wet Corn Distillers Grains (1999)

Twelve lactating Holstein cows were utilized in a repeated switchback design to evaluate milk production and milk fat composition responses to wet corn distillers grains. Total mixed diets consisted of 31.4% corn silage, 18.4% alfalfa hay, and either 50.2% of a concentrate mix that contained mostly corn and soybean meal or 19.4% of a concentrate mix that contained mostly corn and 31.2% wet corn distillers grains. The first 4 wk of each 6-wk period were for adaptation to diets; data were collected during wk 5 and 6 of each period. Although dry matter intake (22.1 vs. 19.7 kg/d) was lower when cows were fed the wet corn distillers grains diet, milk production (30.7 vs. 30.8 kg/d) was similar for cows fed both diets. Milk fat (3.60 vs. 3.85%) was slightly higher, and protein (3.06 vs. 2.84%) was lower, when cows were fed the wet corn distillers grains diet. Milk fat from cows fed wet corn distillers grains contained lower concentrations of saturated fatty acids and higher concentrations of long-chain and unsaturated fatty acids. The feeding of wet corn distillers grains increased the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in milk fat without changing milk production.
Mössbauer study on intergranular phases in the bcc-Fe/NdFeB nanocomposite alloys (2000)

Magnetic properties of the intergranular phase in the bcc-Fe/NdFeB nanocomposite alloys containing Nb and Co were investigated with Mössbauer spectroscopy. The alloys were prepared with melt-spinning and post-annealing method. It is revealed that the intergranular phase is not amorphous as considered so far and consists of several thin layers outside the nanoscale grains of bcc-Fe and Nd2Fe14B. The hyperfine field in the layer on the surface of the grain is rather strong and the structure of this layer is similar to the grain. The field in the outer layers is reduced because the structure becomes indistinct gradually as the layer is apart from the grain. The high remanence and coercive field of the nanocomposite alloys may originate from the magnetic coupling between grains via the intergranular ferromagnetic phase.
One SPE (April 2003) (2003)

President's column - No abstract available.