gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-Time 400G Superchannel Transmission using 100-GbE based 37.5-GHz Spaced Subcarriers with Optical Nyquist Shaping over 3,600-km DMF link (2013)

400G superchannel with four parallel 100-GbE subcarriers is successfully transmitted in real-time over 3600-km of DMF link using 150-GHz bandwidth. Optical Nyquist shaping is employed to reduce performance penalty induced by sharp optical filtering.
Thermodynamic trends in the uptake capacity of porous adsorbents on methane and hydrogen (2008)

A considerable progress has been made for the development of novel porous materials with controlled architectures and surface treatment. An important feature of these adsorbent materials is the maximization of adsorption capacity at Henry’s region. A thermodynamic framework is presented to capture the relationship between the pore specific surface areas with the enthalpy of adsorption. By using this approach, the scientific community can be guided to the development of advanced porous adsorbent and adsorbate pairs. The adsorbents with the highest porous surface areas tend to possess lower isosteric heat of adsorption when storing the methane and hydrogen gases at room temperature.
Klotho and activin A in kidney injury: plasma Klotho is maintained in unilateral obstruction despite no upregulation of Klotho biosynthesis in the contralateral kidney (2017)

In a new paradigm of etiology related to chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD), kidney injury may cause induction of factors in the injured kidney that are released into the circulation and thereby initiate and maintain renal fibrosis and CKD-MBD. Klotho is believed to ameliorate renal fibrosis and CKD-MBD, while activin A might have detrimental effects. The unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO) model is used here to examine this concept by investigating early changes related to renal fibrosis in the obstructed kidney, untouched contralateral kidney, and vasculature which might be affected by secreted factors from the obstructed kidney, and comparing with unilateral nephrectomized controls (UNX). Obstructed kidneys showed early Klotho gene and protein depletion, whereas plasma Klotho increased in both UUO and UNX rats, indicating an altered metabolism of Klotho. Contralateral kidneys had no compensatory upregulation of Klotho and maintained normal expression of the examined fibrosis-related genes, as did remnant UNX kidneys. UUO caused upregulation of transforming growth factor-β and induction of periostin and activin A in obstructed kidneys without changes in the contralateral kidneys. Plasma activin A doubled in UUO rats after 10 days while no changes were seen in UNX rats, suggesting secretion of activin A from the obstructed kidney with potentially systemic effects on CKD-MBD. As such, increased aortic sclerostin was observed in UUO rats compared with UNX and normal controls. The present results are in line with the new paradigm and show very early vascular effects of unilateral kidney fibrosis, supporting the existence of a new kidney-vasculature axis.
Parallel Direct Search Methods Applied to Seismic Inverse Problems (1992)

The ultimate goal of this work is to improve the data processing techniques used to prospect for petroleum. The improvements will come from extracting detailed estimates of local parameter fluctuations in a model of the earth which may indicate lithological features associated with oil and gas deposits. Our hope is to further the evaluation of the widely-believed economic potential for finding and producing petroleum through more precise use of seismic data. A key component of this research lies in robust estimation of wave velocity models directly from waveform data. Interesting instances of this problem can be formulated via differential semblance optimization as a low (e.g., two- to four-) dimensional minimization problem [2], [3]. The catch is that while the number of control variables is small, the number of state variables is quite large. Thus an implementation of the objective function on a Stardent Titan, running at 20 Mflops, currently takes up to eight hours to return a function value. Noise in the data means that more than two digits in the value of the objective function is irrelevant. An analytic expression for the gradient is not yet available and a finite-difference approximation to the gradient appears fraught with numerical difficulties.
Efficient isolation and elution of cellular proteins using aptamer-mediated protein precipitation assay (2014)

Protein precipitation is one of the most widely used methods for antigen detection and purification in biological research. We developed a reproducible aptamer-mediated magnetic protein precipitation method that is able to efficiently capture, purify and isolate the target proteins. We discovered DNA aptamers having individually high affinity and specificity against human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human insulin receptor (INSR). Using aptamers and magnetic beads, we showed it is highly efficient technique to enrich endogenous proteins complex and is applicable to identify physiologically relevant protein-protein interactions with minimized nonspecific binding of proteins. The results presented here indicate that aptamers would be applicable as a useful and cost-effective tool to identify the presence of the particular target protein with their specific protein partners.
Word sense disambiguation via human computation (2010)

One formidable problem in language technology is the word sense disambiguation (WSD) problem: disambiguating the true sense of a word as it occurs in a sentence (e.g., recognizing whether the word refers to a river bank or to a financial institution). This paper explores a strategy for harnessing the linguistic abilities of human beings to develop datasets that can be used to train machine learning algorithms for WSD. To create such datasets, we introduce a new interactive system: a fun game designed to produce valuable output by engaging human players in what they perceive to be a cooperative task of guessing the same word as another player. Our system makes a valuable contribution by tackling the knowledge acquisition bottleneck in the WSD problem domain. Rather than using conventional and costly techniques of paying lexicographers to generate training data for machine learning algorithms, we delegate the work to people who are looking to be entertained.
High efficiency thermally activated delayed fluorescence based on 1,3,5-tris(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)-2,4,6-tricyanobenzene (2015)

A trigonal donor-acceptor molecule of 1,3,5-tris(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)-2,4,6-tricyanobenzene (3DPA3CN) was synthesized to exhibit efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence. By doping 3DPA3CN into a wide energy gap host, the film had a photoluminescence quantum efficiency of 100% with the reverse intersystem crossing efficiency of 100%. An OLED including the emitter exhibited a very high external quantum efficiency (η(EQE)) of 21.4%.
Gas atomized precursor alloy powder for oxide dispersion strengthened ferritic stainless steel (2011)

Gas atomization reaction synthesis (GARS) was employed as a simplified method for producing precursor powders for oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic stainless steels (e.g., Fe-Cr-Y-(Ti,Hf)-O), departing from the conventional mechanical alloying (MA) process. During GARS processing a reactive atomization gas (i.e., Ar-O2) was used to oxidize the powder surfaces during primary break-up and rapid solidification of the molten alloy. This resulted in envelopment of the powders by an ultra-thin (t < 150 nm) metastable Cr-enriched oxide layer that was used as a vehicle for solid-state transport of O into the consolidated microstructure. In an attempt to better understand the kinetics of this GARS reaction, theoretical cooling curves for the atomized droplets were calculated and used to establish an oxidation model for this process. Subsequent elevated temperature heat treatments, which were derived from Rhines pack measurements using an internal oxidation model, were used to promote thermodynamically driven O exchange reactions between trapped films of the initial Cr-enriched surface oxide and internal Y-enriched intermetallic precipitates. This novel microstructural evolution process resulted in the successful formation of nano-metric Y-enriched dispersoids, as confirmed using high energy X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), equivalent to conventional ODS alloys from MA powders. The thermal stability of these Y-enriched dispersoids was evaluated using high temperature (1200°C) annealing treatments ranging from 2.5 to 1,000 hrs of exposure. In a further departure from current ODS practice, replacing Ti with additions of Hf appeared to improve the Y-enriched dispersoid thermal stability by means of crystal structure modification. Additionally, the spatial distribution of the dispersoids was found to depend strongly on the original rapidly solidified microstructure. To exploit this, ODS microstructures were engineered from different powder particle size ranges, illustrating microstructural control as a function of particle solidification rate. The consolidation of ultra-fine powders (dia. ≤ 5μm) resulted in a significant reduction in dispersoid size and spacing, consistent with initial scanning electron microscopy studies on as-atomized cross-sectioned particles that suggested that these powders solidified above the threshold velocity to effectively solute trap Y within the α-(Fe,Cr) matrix. Interestingly, when the solidification velocity as a function of particle size was extracted from the aforementioned theoretical particle cooling curves, it could be offered as supporting evidence for these microstructure observations. Thermal-mechanical treatments also were used to create and evaluate the stability of a dislocation substructure within these alloys, using microhardness and TEM analysis of the alloy sub-grain and grain structure. Moreover, elevated temperature tensile tests up to 800°C were used to assess the initial mechanical strength of the ODS microstructure.
Extraction, Characterization, Stability and Biological Activity of Flavonoids Isolated from Chamomile Flowers (2009)

Dried flowers of Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) are largely used for their medicinal properties. In the present study, we examined the pharmacological properties of aqueous and methanolic fraction isolated from two varieties of German chamomile. HPLC-MS analysis of chamomile extract confirmed apigenin-7-O-glucoside as the major constituent of chamomile; some minor glycoside components were observed along with essential oils. These glucosides are highly stable in solution at different temperature range and their degradation occurs after long-term storage and extraction conditions at different pH and solvent. Methanolic fraction isolated from chamomile flowers demonstrated higher biologic response in inhibiting cell growth and causing induction of apoptosis in various human cancer cell lines compared to aqueous chamomile fraction. Apigenin glucosides inhibited cancer cell growth through deconjugation of glycosides that occurs in the cellular compartment to produce aglycone, apigenin. Taken together, the pharmacological profile of chamomile extract was dependent upon extraction process, storage conditions which affected the biological activity.
Relative Contributions of Dectin-1 and Complement to Immune Responses to Particulate β-Glucans (2012)

Glucan particles (GPs) are Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell walls chemically extracted so they are composed primarily of particulate β-1,3-D-glucans. GPs are recognized by Dectin-1 and are potent complement activators. Mice immunized with Ag-loaded GPs develop robust Ab and CD4(+) T cell responses. In this study, we examined the relative contributions of Dectin-1 and complement to GP phagocytosis and Ag-specific responses to immunization with OVA encapsulated in GPs. The in vitro phagocytosis of GPs by bone marrow-derived dendritic cells was facilitated by heat-labile serum component(s) independently of Dectin-1. This enhanced uptake was not seen with serum from complement component 3 knockout (C3(-/-)) mice and was also inhibited by blocking Abs directed against complement receptor 3. After i.p. injection, percent phagocytosis of GPs by peritoneal macrophages was comparable in wild-type and Dectin-1(-/-) mice and was not inhibited by the soluble β-glucan antagonist laminarin. In contrast, a much lower percentage of peritoneal macrophages from C3(-/-) mice phagocytosed GPs, and this percentage was further reduced in the presence of laminarin. Subcutaneous immunization of wild-type, Dectin-1(-/-), and C3(-/-) mice with GP-OVA resulted in similar Ag-specific IgG(1) and IgG(2c) type Ab and CD4(+) T cell lymphoproliferative responses. Moreover, while CD4(+) Th1 and Th2 responses measured by ELISPOT assay were similar in the three mouse strains, Th17 responses were reduced in C3(-/-) mice. Thus, although Dectin-1 is necessary for optimal phagocytosis of GPs in the absence of complement, complement dominates when both an intact complement system and Dectin-1 are present. In addition, Th-skewing after GP-based immunization was altered in C3(-/-) mice.
The anatomy of a large query graph (2008)

In this paper, we analyze the structure of a graph derived from query logs. Previous query log analysis was mostly done with just the queries and not the actions that followed after them, while the studied graph is induced by the actions of the users. A few exceptions do consider the clicks after a query, but mainly in a small or filtered query log. In this paper, we analyze a graph produced by more than twenty million queries, showing that it is less sparse than previous results suggested. We show that our graphs strongly resemble scale-free networks and that almost all the measures of these graphs are well approximated by power laws.
Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions in Cobalt Oxide/Graphite Air Electrodes: II . Homogeneous Role of Co(II) Ions during Oxygen Reduction on Electrodes (1990)

The mechanism and kinetics of reduction on Teflon‐bonded electrodes in alkaline solutions have been studied by steady‐state polarization and ac impedance methods. The homogeneous role of dissolved cobaltous ions during reduction is to reduce the mass transport hindrance and to increase the pseudo‐exchange current density. More significantly, the kinetics as well as mechanism of reduction on systems are also influenced by the homogeneous and heterogeneous decomposition process of the formed as intermediate. The efficiency of such homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions in reduction are largely affected by the interfacial distribution of the cobalt oxide/graphite catalysts. The factors which influence the electrode stability in the earlier stage of polarization were also investigated.
Adaptive labeling: normalization of speech by adaptive transformations based on vector quantization (2003)

A general technique termed adaptive labeling is presented for the normalization of the speech signal. In principle, adaptive labeling is applicable to any sequence of feature vectors of a given dimension. It combines the familiar labeling process executed by a vector quantizer with an adaptive renormalization transformation of the feature vectors proposed here. Adaptive labeling is applied to speech recognition, where the particular interest lies in diminishing the degradation of performance that occurs as a result of changes in the signal characteristics following changes in ambient noise and other recording environment conditions or in response to a change in the characteristics of the talker. Results are presented for a series of experiments using soft and loud noises as well as environments in which microphone-to-speaker distances were allowed to vary. A 5000-word vocabulary with isolated word input was used.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
OLAP AGGREGATION FUNCTION FOR TEXTUAL DATA WAREHOUSE (2007)

For more than a decade, OLAP and multidimensional analysis have generated methodologies, tools and resource management systems for the analysis of numeric data. With the growing availability of semistructured data there is a need for incorporating text-rich document data in a data warehouse and providing adapted multidimensional analysis. This paper presents a new aggregation function for keywords allowing the aggregation of textual data in OLAP environments as traditional arithmetic functions would do on numeric data. The AVG_KW function uses an ontology to join keywords into a more common keyword.
SAFE biopsy (2009)

SAFE biopsy is a rational and validated method for staging liver fibrosis in hepatitis C with a marked reduction in the need for liver biopsy. It is an attractive tool for large-scale screening of HCV carriers.
Innate IFN‐γ promotes development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: A role for NK cells and M1 macrophages (2014)

The role of IFN-γ in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases is controversial. Although Th1 cells can induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), IFN-γ can suppress Th17 cells that are pathogenic in EAE. Here we show that NK cells provide an early source of IFN-γ during development of EAE. Depletion of NK cells or neutralization of IFN-γ delayed the onset of EAE and was associated with reduced infiltration of IL-17(+) and GM-CSF(+) T cells into the CNS. In the passive transfer model, immune cells from myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-immunized IFN-γ(-/-) mice failed to induce EAE, despite producing IL-17 and GM-CSF. The macrophages expressed markers of M2 activation and the T cells had low very late antigen-4 (VLA-4) expression and failed to infiltrate the CNS. Addition of recombinant IFN-γ to immune cells from the IFN-γ(-/-) mice activated M1 macrophages and restored VLA-4 expression, migratory, and encephalitogenic activity of T cells. Furthermore, treatment of recipient mice with anti-VLA-4 neutralizing antibody abrogated EAE induced by transfer of T cells from WT mice. Our findings demonstrate IFN-γ-producing T cells are not required for development of EAE, but NK cell-derived IFN-γ has a key role in promoting M1 macrophage expansion and VLA-4-mediated migration of encephalitogenic T cells into the CNS.
Hyperpolarization of Nitrogen‐15 Schiff Bases by Reversible Exchange Catalysis with <i>para</i>‐Hydrogen (2016)

NMR with thermal polarization requires relatively concentrated samples, particularly for nuclei with low abundance and low gyromagnetic ratios, such as (15) N. We expand the substrate scope of SABRE, a recently introduced hyperpolarization method, to allow access to (15) N-enriched Schiff bases. These substrates show fractional (15) N polarization levels of up to 2 % while having only minimal (1) H enhancements.
Evaluation System for Hydraulic Excavator Operation Skill Using Remote Controlled Excavator and Virtual Reality (2019)

We developed a system to evaluate the skill of operating a hydraulic excavator using a remotely controlled (RC) excavator and virtual reality (VR) technology. We re-modeled the RC excavator such that it can be operated in the same manner as an actual excavator, and proceeded to measure the excavator's state. To evaluate the skill of operating this system, we calculated several indices from data recorded during excavation work. We calculated the same indices from data recorded during excavation performed by an actual excavator, and verified that there exists a high correlation between the indices of the RC excavator and those of the actual excavator.
Unidirectional Lightweight Encapsulation: Performance Evaluation and Application Perspectives (2006)

Multi Protocol Encapsulation (MPE) is today the dominant method for encapsulating IP data into the MPEG-2 Transport Stream so they can be conveyed over digital television platforms (DVB or ATSC). Unidirectional Lightweight Encapsulation (ULE) is a new alternative to MPE, providing simplicity, efficiency and configurability. This paper presents the principle and benefits of ULE, approaches the issues associated with its adoption and compares it against MPE through extensive performance measurements in a fully functional testbed under IPv4 and IPv6 load. It also proposes, implements and demonstrates the combination of MPEG-4/H.264, IPv6 and ULE as the most efficient and flexible protocol stack for next-generation transmission of digital video over Digital Television networks
Sequence variations in the <i>Boophilus microplus</i> Bm86 locus and implications for immunoprotection in cattle vaccinated with this antigen (2000)

Conference Abstract| October 01 2000 Sequence variations in the Boophilus microplus Bm86 locus and implications for immunoprotection in cattle vaccinated with this antigen José C. García-García; José C. García-García 1Edif B-36 Apto 21, Zona 5 Alamar, Habana del Este, Ciudad Habana, Cuba, CP 12600 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Ileana L. González; Ileana L. González 1Edif B-36 Apto 21, Zona 5 Alamar, Habana del Este, Ciudad Habana, Cuba, CP 12600 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Diana M. González; Diana M. González 1Edif B-36 Apto 21, Zona 5 Alamar, Habana del Este, Ciudad Habana, Cuba, CP 12600 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Gianna B. Izquierdo; Gianna B. Izquierdo 1Edif B-36 Apto 21, Zona 5 Alamar, Habana del Este, Ciudad Habana, Cuba, CP 12600 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar José de la Fuente José de la Fuente 1Edif B-36 Apto 21, Zona 5 Alamar, Habana del Este, Ciudad Habana, Cuba, CP 12600 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd Online ISSN: 1470-8752 Print ISSN: 0300-5127 © 2000 Biochemical Society2000 Biochem Soc Trans (2000) 28 (5): A201. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst028a201b Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation José C. García-García, Ileana L. González, Diana M. González, Gianna B. Izquierdo, José de la Fuente; Sequence variations in the Boophilus microplus Bm86 locus and implications for immunoprotection in cattle vaccinated with this antigen. Biochem Soc Trans 1 October 2000; 28 (5): A201. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst028a201b Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2000 Biochemical Society2000 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
A Compact Dual Band Gap Electromagnetic Band Gap Structure (2018)

In this communication, compact dual-bandgap two via double-slot-type electromagnetic bandgap (TVDS-EBG) structure is presented. The analysis of the TVDS-EBG structure is done by using the LC model. Two resonance parallel LC circuits per unit cell result dual-bandgap in the x- and y-directions. Compactness is achieved because of two via per unit cell, square slot, and inverse C-type slot on an EBG patch. The simulation of the unit cell TVDS-EBG is carried out using an eigenmode solution of Ansys high-frequency structure simulator. Simulated results are validated by experimental results. Simulated and experimental results prove that compared with a two-layer edge located via interdigital-EBG, edge located via-EBG, and Minkowski EBG, TVDS-EBG gives size reduction of 20.48%, 29.03%, and 31.25%, respectively, with a simple structure. The application of the proposed dual-bandgap TVDS-EBG for ultrawideband monopole antenna is also demonstrated. Simulated and measured results show that dual-band-notched can be obtained by using a unit cell of TVDS-EBG at fed line of an elliptical monopole antenna.