gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Steric Influence on the Structure, Magnetic Properties, and Reactivity of Hexa- and Octaisopropylmanganocene (1998)

The reaction of KCpni (Cpni = (C3H7)nC5H5-n; n = 3, 4) with MnCl2 in THF produces the metallocenes (Cp3i)2Mn or (Cp4i)2Mn in good yield. Solid-state magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate that orange-red (Cp3i)2Mn is in high-spin/low-spin equilibrium at room temperature. In the solid-state, it has a centrosymmetric sandwich structure with an average Mn−C bond length (2.130(6) Å) typical of low-spin manganocenes. (Cp3i)2Mn reduces tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) to generate the TCNE radical anion. Despite the presence of additional electron-donating isopropyl groups, pale yellow (Cp4i)2Mn is entirely high-spin from room temperature to 10 K. The crystal structure of (Cp4i)2Mn reveals a bent metallocene structure, with a centroid−Mn−centroid angle of 167.4° and an average Mn−C distance of 2.42(2) Å. This structure is consistent with its high-spin electron configuration; the longer Mn−C bonds provide relief from the steric strain that would be present in a low-spin complex. The reaction of (Cp4i)2Mn with TCNE produces a tricyanovinylation product, C5(i-Pr)4HC(CN)C(CN)2, which was characterized by X-ray diffraction.
Does Glycemic Variability Impact Mood and Quality of Life? (2012)

Data suggest that greater glycemic variability may be associated with lower quality of life and negative moods. Implications include replication of the study in a larger sample for the assessment of blood glucose fluctuations as they impact mood and quality of life.
Mechanisms of the regional hemodynamic effects of a mu-opioid receptor agonist microinjected into the hypothalamic paraventricular nuclei of conscious unrestrained rats. (1997)

The present study was undertaken to characterize the mechanisms of the hemodynamic responses to microinjection of the selective mu-opioid receptor agonist [D-Ala2,MePhe4,Gly5-ol]enkephalin (DAMGO) into the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, in conscious rats chronically instrumented with pulsed Doppler flow probes. We found that i.v. pretreatment with phentolamine had no effect on the tachycardia elicited by DAMGO (1 nmol); however, the pressor response was reversed to a state of hypotension, the renal and superior mesenteric vasoconstrictions were attenuated and the hindquarter vasodilation was potentiated. In the presence of propranolol, the pressor response and renal vasoconstriction were unchanged, whereas the superior mesenteric vasoconstriction was reduced and the hindquarter vasodilation was abolished. Moreover, in those animals we observed bradycardia followed by tachycardia. Combined i.v. pretreatment with phentolamine and propranolol abolished the pressor and heart rate responses to DAMGO but had no effect on the renal and superior mesenteric vasoconstrictions, although the hindquarter vasodilation was reduced. Intravenous pretreatment with a vasopressin V1 receptor antagonist or captopril had no effect on the cardiovascular responses to DAMGO. Together, these results indicate that the hypertension observed after injection of DAMGO into the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus was secondary to alpha adrenoceptor-mediated vasoconstrictions in renal and superior mesenteric vascular beds and to beta adrenoceptor-mediated vasodilation in the hindquarter vascular bed, whereas the involvement of circulating vasopressin or angiotensin seems less obvious from the present findings. However, we cannot exclude the possibility that nonadrenergic, nonvasopressinergic and nonangiotensinergic vasoconstrictor mechanisms were acting in the renal and superior mesenteric vascular beds.
Comparison of sonar system performance achievable using synthetic-aperture techniques with the performance achievable by more conventional means (1975)

A comparison is made of the signal-to-noise characteristics of synthetic-aperture sonar and conventional sonar. For the synthetic-aperture sonar case a design procedure is described which makes possible the choice of essentially any unambiguous range and any resolution. Often multiple beam receivers are required. It is shown for the synthetic-aperture sonar case that the horizontal aperture is the major factor affecting area coverage rate. The comparisons are made with as many parameter values as spossible identical for both the synthetic-aperture cases and the nonsynthetic-aperture cases. If identical physical aperture dimensions are used and other parameters held to identical values, the synthetic-aperture sonar gives higher signal-to-ratio than does the nonsynthetic-aperture sonar primarily because the latter must operate at higher acoustic frequencies for which signal attenuation becomes extremely large. If the sonar systems are operated at the same frequency, then the nonsynthetic aperture sonar can give a higher signal-to-noise ratio only when its physical aperture is larger than that used in the synthetic-aperture case. Subject Classification: 30.82; 60.20.
The Enzymic and Chemical Synthesis of Ursodeoxycholic and Chenodeoxycholic Acid from Cholic Acid (1982)

Three approaches to the synthesis of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDC) from cholic acid have been investigated: (i) oxidation of cholic acid to 3 alpha, 7 alpha-dihydroxy-12 keto-5 beta-cholanoic acid (12K-CDC) with Clostridium group P 12 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSDH), isomerization of 12K-CDC to 3 alpha, 7 beta-dihydroxy-12 keto-5 beta-cholanoic acid (12K-UDC) with Clostridium absonum 7 alpha- and 7 beta-HSDH and reduction of 12K-UDC by Wolff-Kishner to UDC; (ii) isomerization of cholic acid to ursocholic acid (UC) by C. absonum 7 alpha- and 7 beta-HSDH, oxidation of UC to 12K-UDC with Clostridium group P 12 alpha-HSDH and Wolff-Kishner reduction of 12K-UDC to UDC; (iii) oxidation of cholic acid to 12K-CDC by Clostridium group P 12 alpha-HSDH, Wolff-Kishner reduction of 12K-CDC to chenodeoxycholic acid (CDC) and isomerization of CDC to UDC using whole cell cultures of C. absonum. In the first two approaches (using cell free systems) the yields of desired product were relatively low primarily due to the formation of various side products. The third method proved the most successful giving an overall yield of 37% (UDC) whose structure was verified by mass spectroscopy of the methyl ester.
Mining the Deep (2019)

Author(s): Shea, Jacob H | Abstract: When it comes to oceans, our understanding of ecological damage is rooted in a murky past. This is a book proposal of an immersive journey that shows the gritty reality of commercial fishing around the globe.
Long-Range MIMO Channel Prediction Using Recurrent Neural Networks (2020)

Outdated channel state information (CSI) has a severely negative impact on the performance of a wide variety of adaptive transmission systems. Channel prediction is an effective method that can directly improve the quality of CSI. To realize the full potential of adaptive systems, the prediction horizon should be long enough to at least compensate for the time delay. In this paper, therefore, we focus on the problem of long-range prediction (LRP), i.e., how to forecast fading channels as far ahead as possible. Two different LRP approaches - Multi-Step Prediction and Fading Signal Processing - are proposed for the predictors based on classical Kalman filter and recently proposed recurrent neural networks. As an application example, we present an LRP-aided transmit antenna selection system, whose performance in noisy and correlated channels is evaluated. Numerical results reveal that the RNN predictor can achieve a comparable performance with respect to the classical predictor, while avoiding its drawbacks in parameter estimation and multi-step processing.
A Model Predictive Control for Renewable Energy Based AC Microgrids Without Any PID Regulators (2018)

This letter presents a novel model predictive control strategy without involving any proportional-integral-differential regulators for practical renewable energy based ac microgrids. The proposed method consists of a model predictive power control (MPPC) scheme and a model predictive voltage control (MPVC) scheme. By controlling the bidirectional buck-boost converters of the battery energy storage systems based on the MPPC algorithm, the fluctuating output from the renewable energy sources can be smoothed, while stable dc-bus voltages can be maintained as the inverters' inputs. Then, the parallel inverters are controlled by using a combination of the MPVC scheme and the droop method to ensure stable ac voltage output and proper power sharing. Compared with the traditional cascade control, the proposed method is simpler and shows better performance, which is validated in simulation on MATLAB/Simulink and on real-time laboratory platform.
A resonant DC-to-DC converter operating at 22 megahertz (2003)

An experimental DC-to-DC converter prototype based on a zero-voltage switching, resonant circuit topology is described. The converter is suitable for mounting directly on a circuit card. The unit provides a regulated 5 V output at power levels up to 50 W with an input between 40 and 60 V. The switching frequency is between 20 and 24 MHz, depending on the input voltage and load. Differential input and output ripple and EMI are extremely low and somewhat difficult to measure. The converter prototype has been designed to demonstrate compatibility with a fully automated assembly process based on surface-mount technology. Solutions are presented to a number of problems, including MOSFET gate-drive and rectifier diode capacitance, that have seriously limited the performance of high-frequency converters operating with useful input and output voltages.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Incorporating soft computing techniques into a probabilistic intrusion detection system (2002)

There are a lot of industrial applications that can be solved competitively by hard computing, while still requiring the tolerance for imprecision and uncertainty that can be exploited by soft computing. This paper presents a novel intrusion detection system (IDS) that models normal behaviors with hidden Markov models (HMM) and attempts to detect intrusions by noting significant deviations from the models. Among several soft computing techniques neural network and fuzzy logic are incorporated into the system to achieve robustness and flexibility. The self-organizing map (SOM) determines the optimal measures of audit data and reduces them into appropriate size for efficient modeling by HMM. Based on several models with different measures, fuzzy logic makes the final decision of whether current behavior is abnormal or not. Experimental results with some real audit data show that the proposed fusion produces a viable intrusion detection system. Fuzzy rules that utilize the models based on the measures of system call, file access, and the combination of them produce more reliable performance.
Random paintbrush transformation (2002)

A paintbrush-like image transformation is proposed. It is based on a random searching to insert brush-strokes into a generated image at decreasing scale of brush-sizes, without predefined models or interaction. One of the goals of the method is to transform the image into a representation that is very similar to the human sensation of artistic images. We introduce a sequential multiscale image decomposition method, based on simulated rectangular-shaped paintbrush strokes. The resulting images look like good-quality paintings with well-defined contours, at an acceptable distortion compared to the original image. The image can be described with the parameters of the consecutive paintbrush strokes, resulting in a parameter-series that can be used for compression. The painting process can be used for scale-space image representation, segmentation and contour detection, and image representation for retrieval purposes.
Human Factors Design Guide For Acquisition of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf Subsystems, Non-Developmental Items, and Developmental Systems (1996)

The Human Factors Design Guide (HFDG) provides reference information to assist in the selection, analysis, design, development, and evaluation of new and m odified Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) systems and equipment. A preliminary edition was a draft standard developed at the Human Factors Laboratory of the FAA Technical Center. This 1996 edition converts the preliminary draft document to a guide and incorporates expert comments that were collected in 1994 and 1995 from selected reviewers. It is primarily focused on FAA ground systems and equipment such as those that are managed and maintained by Airway Facilities. This guide covers a broad range of human factors topics that pertain to automation, maintenance, human interfaces, workplace design, documentation, system security, safety, the environment, and anthropometry. This document also includes extensive human-computer interface guidance. The index begins on page 927 and is interactive allowing the user to go directly to the subject desired. Glossary. 1007p.
Pharmacokinetics of 111In- and 125I-labeled antiTac single-chain Fv recombinant immunotoxin. (2000)

We evaluated the biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, and catabolism of 111In-labeled antiTac(Fv)-PE38 and found that it differed from 125I-labeled antiTac(Fv)PE38. These studies suggest that 111In-labeled antiTac(Fv)-PE38 can be used to trace the fate of antiTac(Fv)-PE38 in humans.
'I'm all ears': Can your child hear? (2015)

Hearing health in children is an area that we may not think of as often as we should. In Australia we are fortunate enough to have easy access to universal newborn hearing screening programs (varying across the different states). The purpose is to identify any babies with a significant hearing loss, in order to facilitate access to early intervention services as soon as possible, providing children and families with immediate support.
Development of a standard protocol for in vitro cytogenetic testing with Chinese hamster ovary cells: Comparison of results for 22 compounds in two laboratories (1985)

A major problem of cytogenetics testing in mammalian cells is lack of agreement of results among laboratories. Our objective was to develop a sensitive in vitro test protocol that was applicable to large-scale chemical screening and yielded comparable results in two laboratories. We used sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and chromosome aberration (CAb) tests in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The initial protocol used standard cell densities, medium, batch of rat liver S9 for metabolic activation; positive, negative, and solvent controls; staining and scoring techniques; and fixation times. Treatment without S9 was for 8-12 hr (CAb) or 26 hr (SCE), and with S9 for 2 hr in serum-free medium. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) (10 microM) was added to SCE cultures only, 2 hr after addition of the test chemical. Doses were based on the 50% toxicity level in a preliminary test of cell survival 24 hr after treatment. One hundred cells (CAb) or 50 cells (SCE) were scored from each control and from five dose levels. Five clastogens were tested in the first two-laboratory comparison: mitomycin-C, triethylenemelamine, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, cyclophosphamide, and benzo(alpha)pyrene. There was quite good agreement between laboratories. Seventeen compounds were then tested "blind" in the two laboratories. As testing proceeded, some discrepancies occurred between the laboratories, and the protocol was modified in attempts to improve the resolution of marginal responses and make dose selection more consistent. The preliminary test for cell survival was omitted. A 10(5) dose range in a half-log series was tested, and cells were scored at the highest dose at which sufficient mitotic cells were obtained, and at the next two lower doses. By delaying fixation times, SCE and CAb were scored at doses that inhibited cell cycle progression. This protocol gave comparable results in the two laboratories in many cases and by testing up to a maximum dose, limited by solubility and/or toxicity, should detect a high proportion of clastogens and SCE inducers.
A rapid and sensitive detection of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis in tomato seeds by polymerase chain reaction (1997)

A polymerase chain reaction-based method was applied for the detection and identification of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis in tomato seed. Two primers, CM 3 and CM 4 , were used to amplify a specific 645bp DNA fragment when the target bacterium was present in the amplification step. This fragment was produced with DNA from all C. m. subsp. michiganensis strains and contaminated seed extracts tested from as less as 40 cells ml -1 , but not from DNA of other plant-pathogenic bacteria or tomato saprophytes. The results were confirmed by isolation, IF, pathogenicity tests and RFLP analysis of the amplified fragments by the endonuclease SalI.
Determination of Alkyl Thioureas, Isothiocyanates and Amines with Iodine Monochloride (1979)

Abstract Iodine monochloride oxidizes thioureas to respective urea and sulfate in hydrogencarbonate medium. The iodine formed in the reaction is titrated with iodine trichloride to an Andrews end-point. This method has been applied to determine isothiocyanates and amines by their conversion to thioureas.
An investigation of coupling ship/rotor flowfield using steady and unsteady rotor methods (2017)

A coupling numerical methodology has been developed using the Navier–Stokes solver for ship/rotor flowfield simulation during the helicopter shipboard launch. The steady rotor model (SRM) based on the momentum source approach and unsteady rotor model (URM) based on the moving overset mesh method are respectively employed to account for rotor operations. Studies of coupling ship/rotor flowfield on two typical ships highlight complex interactions over the flight deck. It is shown that the rotor-shipboard vortex interaction and recirculation zone are more serious for small-sized-deck destroyers, while on the straight-through-deck ship the helicopter operations are sensitive to asymmetric distribution of lateral velocity caused by the island. Qualitative and quantitative comparisons in terms of vorticity and velocity between SRM and URM solvers have been conducted. The results demonstrate that both methods can capture complex interactions well. The velocity difference is within 1 m/s in most flowfield areas, except the rotor-wake dominant region. With the consideration of computational efficiency, the momentum source approach could be used to effectively conduct the study of helicopter shipboard operations.
Molecular Characterization of β-Thalassemia Mutations in Central Vietnam (2017)

The molecular basis of β-thalassemia (β-thal) mutations in North and in South Vietnam have been described during the past 15 years, whereas limited data were available concerning the central area of the country. In this study, we describe the molecular characterization and frequency of β-globin gene mutations in the Thua Thien Hue Province of Central Vietnam as the result of a first survey conducted in 22 transfusion-dependent patients, and four unrelated heterozygotes. Nine different known mutations were identified (seven of the β<sup>0</sup> and two of the β<sup>+</sup> type) in a total of 48 chromosomes. The most common was codon 26 (G>A) or Hb E (HBB: c.79 G>A) accounting for 29.2% of the total studied chromosomes, followed by codon 17 (A>T) (HBB: c.52 A>T) (25.0%), and codons 41/42 (-TTCT) (HBB: c.126_129delCTTT) (18.8%). Other mutations with appreciable frequencies (6.3-8.3%) were IVS-I-1 (G>T) (HBB: c.92+1 G>T), codon 26 (G>T) (HBB: c.79 G>T) and codons 71/72 (+A) (HBB: c.216_217insA). Relatively rarer (2.0%) were the promoter -28 (A>G) (HBB: c.78 A>G) mutation, the codon 95 (+A) (HBB: c.287_288insA), which is reported only in the Vietnamese, and the codons 14/15 (+G) (HBB: c.45_46insG) mutation, thus far observed only in Thailand. Results are relevant for implementing appropriate measures for β-thal prevention and control in the region as well as in the whole country.
Influence of Dietary Fish Oil on the Aortic, Myocardial, and Renal Lesions of SHR. (1991)

To examine the effects of menhaden oil on the progressive glomerulosclerosis, arteriosclerosis, plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and myocardial damage, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were fed Purina rat chow supplemented either with 6 g % of menhaden oil or with 6 g % of corn oil. They were sacrificed on the 12th and 18th months, and the kidneys, aorta, and heart were examined by light microscopy. At sacrifice, body weight, plasma creatinine, systolic blood pressure, 24 h' urinary protein output, total plasma cholesterol and triglyceride, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and glomerulosclerosis index were measured. There was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the average body weight, plasma creatinine level, systolic blood pressure, total 24 h urinary protein output, and glomerular filtration rate. Rats with menhaden oil had, however, statistically significant less aortic arteriosclerosis, myocardial damage, plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and renal interstitial fibrosis than those with corn oil. The glomerular damage of the former as expressed by glomerulosclerosis index was numerically less than that of the latter. The data indicated that menhaden oil lessened the hypertensive damage to the renal and cardiovascular systems.
국제해상물품매매계약상 CIF조건의 확정기매매의 표지성 여부 (2014)

CIF, which is one of the trade term that are most frequently used along with FOB in international marine trade, is generally defined as having the seller bear the burden of the production costs, shipping charges and insurance for the products shipped. In regards to the international marine trade sales contract that contains the terms and conditions of CIF, the Supreme Court has ruled the following: First, In the case there is a CIF term in an international marine trade sales contract, the period for shipping must be listed and forms an important prerequisite for the contract; Second, In determining whether a certain international marine trade product sales contract is considered a sale at fixed time between merchants, the existence or lack of important terms and conditions that require a listing of shipping period, such as a CIF term, becomes an important indicator. A study was conducted to review whether this ruling by the Supreme Court is consistent with the practice of international marine trade sales contracts or proper trade conditions as stipulated by ICC, etc, with a focus on laws, cases and theories from both internal and external.