gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Activity and Tolerance of a Continuous Subcutaneous Infusion of Interferon-α2b in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C (1997)

We administered interferon-alpha2b (IFN-alpha2b) by continuous subcutaneous infusion (60,000 IU/h, or 10 million IU/week) over 3 months to 7 patients with chronic hepatitis C. All had previously responded, as assessed by normalization of transaminases to the same dose of IFN administered by intermittent injection over 6 months, but had relapsed after cessation of therapy. The continuous infusion was tolerated well at the site of infusion, and the systemic side effects were similar in type but were lesser in intensity than with intermittent dosage. Four of 7 subjects had normalization of transaminase at the end of week 12 of therapy. Serum HCV RNA and HCV by PCR decreased with treatment, and there was a prompt and sustained increase in serum beta2-microglobulin and of 2', 5' OAS activity. The level of the latter appeared to correlate with response of the transaminase. Serum IFN concentrations were low but detectable throughout therapy. After stopping IFN administration, the transaminases in responders increased again to pretreatment levels.
Data fusion for automated non-destructive inspection (2014)

In industrial non-destructive evaluation (NDE), it is increasingly common for data acquisition to be automated, driving a recent substantial increase in the availability of data. The collected data need to be analysed, typically necessitating the painstaking manual labour of a skilled operator. Moreover, in automated NDE a region of an inspected component is typically interrogated several times, be it within a single data channel due to multiple probe passes, across several channels acquired simultaneously or over the course of repeated inspections. The systematic combination of these diverse readings is recognized to offer an opportunity to improve the reliability of the inspection, but is not achievable in a manual analysis. This paper describes a data-fusion-based software framework providing a partial automation capability, allowing component regions to be declared defect-free to a very high probability while readily identifying defect indications, thereby optimizing the use of the operator's time. The system is designed to applicable to a wide range of automated NDE scenarios, but the processing is exemplified using the industrial ultrasonic immersion inspection of aerospace turbine discs. Results obtained for industrial datasets demonstrate an orders-of-magnitude reduction in false-call rates, for a given probability of detection, achievable using the developed software system.
Biodegradable Green Composites from Distiller's Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) and a Polyhydroxy(butyrate‐<i>co</i>‐valerate) (PHBV)‐Based Bioplastic (2011)

Abstract Biodegradable green composites from distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS), a major coproduct of the corn ethanol industry, and a polyhydroxy(butyrate‐ co ‐valerate) (PHBV)‐based bioplastic were successfully produced. Green surface treatment of DDGS was performed and thermogravimetric analysis showed noticeable improvement in the degradation onset temperature of DDGS from 140 to 235 °C; this was a key point during melt processing of the composite. Utilizing compatibilizer improved the adhesion between DDGS and the matrix, which was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The green composite containing treated and compatibilized DDGS showed an enhanced modulus (by about 28% from 1.77 to 2.26 GPa) and an improved heat deflection temperature (by about 21% from 109 to 132 °C) compared to the polymeric matrix, while having tensile and flexural strengths equal to or greater than the respective properties of the matrix. magnified image
Seismic Processing with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks: Opportunities and Challenges (2020)

Summary Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) are growing in popularity in seismic data processing and inversion due to their achievements in signal and image processing. In this paper we explore the link between DCNN and seismic processing. We demonstrate the potential of the application of DCNNs to seismic processing by analysing its performance with data deblending as an example. We discuss challenges and issues to solve before deploying DCNNs to production, and suggest some directions of study.
Silicon Atom Substitution Enhances Interchain Packing in a Thiophene‐Based Polymer System (2009)

A new silole-containing low bandgap polymer is synthesized by replacing the 5-position carbon of PCPDTBT with a silicon atom (PSBTBT). Through experiments and computational calculations, we show that the material properties, particular the packing of polymer chains, can be altered significantly. As a result, the polymer changes from amorphous to highly crystalline with the replacement of the silicon atom. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Human chromaffin cell graft into the CSF for cancer pain management: a prospective phase II clinical study (2000)

A number of pre-clinical studies have demonstrated the value of adrenal medullary allografts in the management of chronic pain. The present longitudinal survey studied 15 patients transplanted for intractable cancer pain after failure of systemic opioids due to the persistence of undesirable side-effects. Before inclusion, all the patients had their pain controlled by daily intrathecal (I-Th) morphine administration. The main evaluation criteria of analgesic activity of the chromaffin cell allograft was the complementary requirement of analgesics and in particular the consumption of I-Th morphine required to maintain effective pain control. Out of the 12 patients who profited from enhanced analgesia with long-term follow-up (average 4.5 months), five no longer required the I-Th morphine (with prolonged interruption of systemic opioids as well), two durably decreased I-Th morphine intake and five were stabilized until the end of their follow-up. Durable decline and stabilization were interpreted as indicative of analgesic activity by comparison with the usual dose escalation observed during disease progression. In most cases, we noted a relationship between analgesic responses and CSF met-enkephalin levels. The results of this phase II open study demonstrate the feasibility and the safety of this approach using chromaffin cell grafts for long-term relief of intractable cancer pain. However, while analgesic efficacy was indicated by the reduction or stabilization in complementary opioid intake, these observations will need to be confirmed in a controlled trial in a larger series of patients.
Suppression of interface degradation in InGaAsP inP buried heterostructure lasers (1987)

In InGaAsP/InP buried heterostructure (BH) lasers, the degradation of BH interface between first- and second-growth step layers can be suppressed by employing the melt back process just before the second-step layer growth. It is confirmed this burying process give more reliable BH lasers than the conventional burying process. From the viewpoint of BH interface degradation, lasers lasing at 1.5 μm, where the melt back process naturally occurs during BH formation, are found to be more reliable than those lasing at 1.3 μm.
Horizontal Well Path Planning and Correction Using Optimization Techniques (2001)

We present a procedure that uses nonlinear optimization theory to plan complex, three-dimensional well paths and path corrections while drilling. The problem of hitting a 3-D target is posed as seeking a profile that optimizes some well-defined objective function (the optimality criterion) subject to equality and inequality constraints. The well path is idealized to contain a finite combination of turn and straight sections. Operational restrictions translate into inequality constraints, and target restrictions translate into equality constraints. Several optimality criteria may be chosen, and appropriate choices are discussed. In this work, we choose optimization with respect to user preferred parameters as the criterion. The resulting nonlinear optimization problem is solved using a sequential gradient-restoration algorithm (SGRA), with scaling and optimal step-size selection. The optimization problem formulation and the solution procedure are described. The procedure is robust, efficient, and clearly superior to trial-and-error heuristic techniques that are commonly used to plan well paths today. A computer program based on this technique has been developed and successfully used. Two examples are included to illustrate the procedure. It is concluded that nonlinear optimization is a powerful and versatile mathematical tool that can be used for planning better, optimal well paths, and can be extended to several other drilling and production problems.
Influence of Interactions on Flux and Back-Gate Period of Quantum Hall Interferometers (2007)

In quantum Hall systems with two narrow constrictions, tunneling between opposite edges can give rise to quantum interference and Aharonov-Bohm-like oscillations of the conductance. When there is an integer quantized Hall state within the constrictions, a region between them, with higher electron density, may form a compressible island. Electron tunneling through this island can lead to residual transport, modulated by Coulomb-blockade-type effects. We find that the coupling between the fully occupied lower Landau levels and the higher-partially occupied level gives rise to flux subperiods smaller than one flux quantum. We generalize this scenario to other geometries and to fractional quantum Hall systems, and compare our predictions to experiments.
Non-peptidic Thrombospondin-1 Mimics as Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 Inhibitors (2010)

Endogenous inhibitors of angiogenesis, such as thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), are promising sources of therapeutic agents to treat angiogenesis-driven diseases, including cancer. TSP-1 regulates angiogenesis through different mechanisms, including binding and sequestration of the angiogenic factor fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), through a site located in the calcium binding type III repeats. We hypothesized that the FGF-2 binding sequence of TSP-1 might serve as a template for the development of inhibitors of angiogenesis. Using a peptide array approach followed by binding assays with synthetic peptides and recombinant proteins, we identified a FGF-2 binding sequence of TSP-1 in the 15-mer sequence DDDDDNDKIPDDRDN. Molecular dynamics simulations, taking the full flexibility of the ligand and receptor into account, and nuclear magnetic resonance identified the relevant residues and conformational determinants for the peptide-FGF interaction. This information was translated into a pharmacophore model used to screen the NCI2003 small molecule databases, leading to the identification of three small molecules that bound FGF-2 with affinity in the submicromolar range. The lead compounds inhibited FGF-2-induced endothelial cell proliferation in vitro and affected angiogenesis induced by FGF-2 in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay. These small molecules, therefore, represent promising leads for the development of antiangiogenic agents. Altogether, this study demonstrates that new biological insights obtained by integrated multidisciplinary approaches can be used to develop small molecule mimics of endogenous proteins as therapeutic agents.
A Trust-Aware Task Offloading Framework in Mobile Edge Computing (2019)

Task offloading in Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) is a solution to augment resource-limited mobile devices' capabilities by migrating tasks to the edge of the network (i.e., edge servers and idle devices). At present, a lot of work is focused on optimizing policies to reduce latency or energy consumption for users. However, they mostly ignore that services are not necessarily trustworthy because the resource providers are complex, dynamic, and unreliable. The trustworthiness of a service in our paper mainly includes two aspects. One is that resource providers will not violate users' privacy. The other is that resource providers will perform well to ensure the effectiveness of services. To solve this problem, we propose a trust-aware task offloading framework. The main purpose of the framework is to select a resource provider for a user to reduce latency or energy consumption and ensure service trustworthiness at the same time. The framework can be divided into three modules (i.e., trust evaluation, filtering and selection). By combining trust evaluation and filtering modules, some resource providers that are not trusted by users are filtered out to ensure that the services provided to users are trustworthy. In the selection module, we select an appropriate provider for a user from the qualified (i.e., left after the filtering process) resource providers based on an offloading policy. The experimental results show that our framework not only reduces latency or energy consumption for users, but also reduces the failure rate of tasks.
Phalloidin enhances actin assembly by preventing monomer dissociation. (1984)

Incubation of the isolated acrosomal bundles of Limulus sperm with skeletal muscle actin results in assembly of actin onto both ends of the bundles. These cross-linked bundles of actin filaments taper, thus allowing one to distinguish directly the preferred end for actin assembly from the nonpreferred end; the preferred end is thinner. Incubation with actin in the presence of equimolar phalloidin in 100 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl2 and 0.5 mM ATP at pH 7.5 resulted in a slightly smaller association rate constant at the preferred end than in the absence of the drug (3.36 +/- 0.14 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 vs. 2.63 +/- 0.22 X 10(6) M-1 s-1, control vs. experimental). In the presence of phalloidin, the dissociation rate constant at the preferred end was reduced from 0.317 +/- 0.097 s-1 to essentially zero. Consequently, the critical concentration at the preferred end dropped from 0.10 microM to zero in the presence of the drug. There was no detectable change in the rate constant of association at the nonpreferred end in the presence of phalloidin (0.256 +/- 0.015 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 vs. 0.256 +/- 0.043 X 10(6) M-1 s-1, control vs. experimental); however, the dissociation rate constant was reduced from 0.269 +/- 0.043 s-1 to essentially zero. Thus, the critical concentration at the nonpreferred end changed from 1.02 microM to zero in the presence of phalloidin. Dilution-induced depolymerization at both the preferred and nonpreferred ends was prevented in the presence of phalloidin. Thus, phalloidin enhances actin assembly by lowering the critical concentration at both ends of actin filaments, a consequence of reducing the dissociation rate constants at each end.
Affinity Chromatographic Selection of Carbonylated Proteins Followed by Identification of Oxidation Sites Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry (2005)

It has been shown that oxidatively modified forms of proteins accumulate during oxidative stress, aging, and in some age-related diseases. One of the unique features of a wide variety of routes by which proteins are oxidized is the generation of carbonyl groups. This paper reports a method for the isolation of oxidized proteins, which involves (1) biotinylation of oxidized proteins with biotin hydrazide and (2) affinity enrichment using monomeric avidin affinity chromatography columns. The selectivity of the method was validated by adding in vitro oxidized biotinylated BSA to a yeast lysate and showing that the predominant protein recovered was BSA. This method was applied to the question of whether large doses of 2-nitropropane produce oxidized proteins. A study of rat liver homogenates showed that animals dosed with 2-nitropropane produced 17 times more oxidized protein than controls in 6 h. Tryptic digestion of these oxidized proteins followed by reversed-phase chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry led to the identification of 14 peptides and their parent proteins. Nine of the 14 identified peptides were found to carry 1 or 2 oxidation sites and 5 of the 9 peptides were biotinylated. The significance of this affinity method is that it allows the isolation of oxidized proteins from the rest of the proteome and facilitates their identification. In some cases, it is even possible to identify the site of oxidation.
An Introduction to Computational Biochemistry (2002)

From the Publisher:
The application of computational tools is rapidly becoming a standard component of molecular biology and biochemistry curricula at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. Researchers in biochemistry are required to understand, at a minimum, the basic concepts of data management and analysis using computer programs.
An Introduction to Computational Biochemistry is a comprehensive text ideal for providing a solid introduction to biochemical principles and the skills required for applying computational tools to practical problems in biochemistry.
Written for end users as opposed to programmers, the text can be used at an entry level to teach students biochemical principles as well as the specific uses of application programs for the acquisition, analysis, and management of biochemical data with computers. Each chapter contains problem sets as well as an introduction, a review of biological concepts, discussion of the programming techniques and applications, and key references. Some features of the text are:
* Provides detailed coverage of biochemical structures, enzyme reactions, metabolic simulation, genomic and proteomic analyses, and molecular modeling
* Demonstrates the broad applications and versatility of computers for use in solving biochemical problems
* Includes a handy appendix of software suppliers
* Follows a topical organization of core biochemistry textbooks for use as an essential supplement
* Reviews the fundamental biochemical principles
An Introduction to Computational Biochemistry promises to be an indispensable text for undergraduates, graduate students, researchers, and instructors in biochemistry, molecular biology, and biotechnology.
The actuator in high performance disk drives: Design rules for minimum access time (1983)

-A moving coil actuator for a high performance disk drive is simulated to study the effect of parameter variations on average access time, A group of sensitive parameters are identified. There is an optimum force factor which minimizes access time for a fixed set of parameters. Simple, empirical formulas yield the optimum force factor for a specified stroke length and access time.
Vitamin D3 and K2 and their potential contribution to reducing the COVID-19 mortality rate (2020)

The world is desperately seeking for a sustainable solution to combat the coronavirus strain SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Recent research indicated that optimizing Vitamin D blood levels could offer a solution approach that promises a heavily reduced fatality rate as well as solving the public health problem of counteracting the general vitamin D deficiency. This paper dived into the immunoregulatory effects of supplementing Vitamin D<sub>3</sub> by elaborating a causal loop diagram. Together with D<sub>3</sub>, vitamin K<sub>2</sub> and magnesium should be supplemented to prevent long-term health risks. Follow up clinical randomized trials are required to verify the current circumstantial evidence.
Neural scene representation and rendering (2018)

Scene representation-the process of converting visual sensory data into concise descriptions-is a requirement for intelligent behavior. Recent work has shown that neural networks excel at this task when provided with large, labeled datasets. However, removing the reliance on human labeling remains an important open problem. To this end, we introduce the Generative Query Network (GQN), a framework within which machines learn to represent scenes using only their own sensors. The GQN takes as input images of a scene taken from different viewpoints, constructs an internal representation, and uses this representation to predict the appearance of that scene from previously unobserved viewpoints. The GQN demonstrates representation learning without human labels or domain knowledge, paving the way toward machines that autonomously learn to understand the world around them.
Online impedance spectroscopy estimation of a battery (2016)

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a helpful tool to understand how a battery is behaving and how it degrades. One of the disadvantages is that it is typically an “off-line” process. This paper investigates an alternative method of looking at impedance spectroscopy of a battery system while it is on-line and operational by manipulating the switching pattern of the dc-dc converter to generate low frequency harmonics in conjunction with the normal high frequency switching pattern to determine impedance in real time. However, this adds extra ripple on the inductor which needs to be included in the design calculations. The paper describes the methodology and presents some experimental results in conjunction with EIS results to illustrate the concept.
Tumorigenic poxviruses: construction of the composite physical map of the Shope fibroma virus genome (1984)

The sites for the restriction enzymes BamHI, Bg/I, HindIII, PstI, PvuII, and SstI on the linear DNA genome of Shope fibroma virus, a tumorigenic poxvirus of rabbits, have been determined by digestions of the cloned BamHI and HindIII restriction fragments and by hybridization of 32P-labeled cloned fragments to Southern blots of Shope fibroma virus DNA cleaved partially or completely with the various enzymes. The linear genome is shown to be 160 kilobases in length and to possess terminal inverted repeat sequences of between 12.2 and 12.5 kilobases extending inwards from the cross-linked DNA telomeres. The fine map of the Shope fibroma virus terminal inverted repeats has been constructed and shown to be distinctly different from that of members of the orthopoxvirus group, such as vaccinia, by the absence of detectable tandemly repeated sequences near the termini and by the lack of detectable sequence homology with vaccinia termini.
[Reiter's syndrome in children: a clinical analysis of 22 cases]. (2010)

RS is common in children with clinical features different from those in adults and a relatively good prognosis.
The Fast Fourier Transform (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Improvements to the DFT FFT-Specific Weakness Eight-Point DFT to FFT Example Building-Block Construction of FFT Algorithms Conclusions This chapter contains sections titled: References
Holey fiber concept spawns optical-fiber renaissance (2002)

Analysis of photonic-crystal fiber has occupied theoreticians worldwide and the list of potential applications grows monthly.