gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Familiarisation and reliability of sprint test indices during laboratory and field assessment. (2009)

The aim of the study was to assess the reliability of sprint performance in both field and laboratory conditions. Twenty-one male (mean ± s: 19 ± 1 years, 1.79 ± 0.07 m, 77.6 ± 7.1 kg) and seventeen female team sport players (mean ± s: 21 ± 4 years, 1.68 ± 0. 07 m, 62.7 ± 4.7 kg) performed a maximal 20-metre sprint running test on eight separate occasions. Four trials were conducted on a non-motorised treadmill in the laboratory; the other four were conducted outdoors on a hard-court training surface with time recorded by single-beam photocells. Trials were conducted in random order with no familiarisation prior to testing. There was a significant difference between times recorded during outdoor field trials (OFT) and indoor laboratory trials (ILT) using a non-motorised treadmill (3.47 ± 0.53 vs. 6.06 ±1.17s; p < 0.001). The coefficient of variation (CV) for time was 2.55-4.22% for OFT and 5.1-7.2% for ILT. During ILT peak force (420.9 ± 87.7N), mean force (147.2 ± 24.7N), peak power (1376.8 ± 451.9W) and mean power (514.8 ± 164.4W), and were measured. The CV for all ILT variables was highest during trial 1-2 comparison. The CV (95% confidence interval) for the trial 3-4 comparison yielded: 9.4% (7.7-12. 1%), 7.9% (6.4-10.2%), 10.1% (8.2-13.1%) and 6.2% (5.1-8.0%) for PF, MF, PP and MP and respectively. The results indicate that reliable data can be derived for single maximal sprint measures, using fixed distance protocols. However, significant differences in time/speed over 20-m exist between field and laboratory conditions. This is primarily due to the frictional resistance in the non- motorised treadmill. Measures of force and power during ILT require at least 3 familiarisations to reduce variability in test scores. Key pointsReliable data can be derived from single maximal sprint measures in both indoor and outdoor environments using fixed distance protocols.There may be significant time differences to complete fixed distance trials between the two environments.Measures of mean force, peak force and peak power during indoor trials may require multiple trials to reduce variability in test scores.
Location of 3-Hydroxyproline Residues in Collagen Types I, II, III, and V/XI Implies a Role in Fibril Supramolecular Assembly (2009)

Collagen triple helices are stabilized by 4-hydroxyproline residues. No function is known for the much less common 3-hydroxyproline (3Hyp), although genetic defects inhibiting its formation cause recessive osteogenesis imperfecta. To help understand the pathogenesis, we used mass spectrometry to identify the sites and local sequence motifs of 3Hyp residues in fibril-forming collagens from normal human and bovine tissues. The results confirm a single, essentially fully occupied 3Hyp site (A1) at Pro(986) in A-clade chains alpha1(I), alpha1(II), and alpha2(V). Two partially modified sites (A2 and A3) were found at Pro(944) in alpha1(II) and alpha2(V) and Pro(707) in alpha2(I) and alpha2(V), which differed from A1 in sequence motif. Significantly, the distance between sites 2 and 3, 237 residues, is close to the collagen D-period (234 residues). A search for additional D-periodic 3Hyp sites revealed a fourth site (A4) at Pro(470) in alpha2(V), 237 residues N-terminal to site 3. In contrast, human and bovine type III collagen contained no 3Hyp at any site, despite a candidate proline residue and recognizable A1 sequence motif. A conserved histidine in mammalian alpha1(III) at A1 may have prevented 3-hydroxylation because this site in chicken type III was fully hydroxylated, and tyrosine replaced histidine. All three B-clade type V/XI collagen chains revealed the same three sites of 3Hyp but at different loci and sequence contexts from those in A-clade collagen chains. Two of these B-clade sites were spaced apart by 231 residues. From these and other observations we propose a fundamental role for 3Hyp residues in the ordered self-assembly of collagen supramolecular structures.
The mast cell and allergic diseases: role in pathogenesis and implications for therapy (2007)

Summary Mast cells have long been recognized for their role in the genesis of allergic inflammation; and more recently for their participation in innate and acquired immune responses. Mast cells reside within tissues including the skin and mucosal membranes, which interface with the external environment; as well as being found within vascularized tissues next to nerves, blood vessels and glandular structures. Mast cells have the capability of reacting both within minutes and over hours to specific stimuli, with local and systemic effects. Mast cells express the high affinity IgE receptor (FcɛRI) and upon aggregation of FcɛRI by allergen‐specific IgE, mast cells release and generate biologically active preformed and newly synthesized mediators which are involved in many aspects of allergic inflammation. While mast cells have been well documented to be essential for acute allergic reactions, more recently the importance of mast cells in reacting through pattern recognition receptors in innate immune responses has become recognized. Moreover, as our molecular understanding of the mast cell has evolved, novel targets for modulation have been identified with promising therapeutic potential.
Structural features and immunological perception of the cell surface glycans of Lactobacillus plantarum: a novel rhamnose-rich polysaccharide and teichoic acids (2020)

The capsular material from Lactobacillus plantarum IMB19, an isolate from fermented vegetables, has been analyzed and our results demonstrate that most of the coat of this bacterium consists of glycerol- and ribitol-type teichoic acids, further decorated with other substituents (α-glucose and alanine), and of a capsular polysaccharide (CPS) with a linear nonasaccharide repeating unit, rich in rhamnose, interconnected to the next via a phosphodiester bridge. Stimulation of immune cells with the total capsular material resulted in the enhancement of immunostimulatory (IFNγ, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-12) or immuno-regulatory (IL-10) cytokines in an in vitro splenocyte culture system. The capsular polysaccharide, and not the teichoic acids mixture, was responsible for the IFNγ production. Indeed, a significant increase of IFNγ along with other inflammatory cytokines, and a dose response in IFNγ expression with an EC<sub>50</sub> of 3.16 μM was found for CPS, disclosing that this polysaccharide is a potent immunostimulatory molecule.
Digital watermarking using multiresolution wavelet decomposition (2002)

We present a novel technique for the digital watermarking of still images based on the concept of multiresolution wavelet fusion. The algorithm is robust to a variety of signal distortions. The original unmarked image is not required for watermark extraction. We provide analysis to describe the behaviour of the method for varying system parameter values. We compare our approach with another transform domain watermarking method. Simulation results show the superior performance of the technique and demonstrate its potential for the robust watermarking of photographic imagery.
Inhibition of cPLA<sub>2</sub> and sPLA<sub>2</sub> Activities in Primary Cultures of Rat Cortical Neurons by <i>Centella asiatica</i> Water Extract (2012)

Leaf extract of Centella asiatica has been used as an alternative medicine for memory improvement in the Indian Ayurvedic system of medicine for a long time. Although several studies have revealed its effect in ameliorating the cognitive impairment in rat models of Alzheimer's disease, the molecular mechanism of C. asiatica on neuroprotection still remains unexplained. In this study, we investigated the effects of C. asiatica water extract on activity of subtypes of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in primary cultures of rat cortical neurons and quantified by HPLC a possible molecule responsible for the activity. The cPLA2 and sPLA2 activities were inhibited in vitro by asiaticoside present in the water extract of C. asiatica. This extract may be a candidate for the treatment of neurodegenerative processes because of its pharmacological activity in the brain and its low toxicity, as attested by its long popular use as a natural product.
Geo-Based IPv6 Multicast in LTE for Dynamic Addressing of Road Users (2013)

This paper presents an alternative to vehicle ad hoc networks: an addressing mechanism based on IPv6-Multicast and LTE which allows a position-dependent and dynamic addressing of road users. Here the initial geographical position of a message is directly incorporated into the IPv6 multicast address. This allows not only an effective pre-filtering on the receiving end but also a routing in the backbone. By using existing eCall components such as GPS and wireless modules, no additional special hardware is required. This cost reduction as well as the reduced complexity makes this solution a highly competitive solution for Car-to-Car (C2C) communication.
Miniaturized Quasi-Lumped Coupled-Line Single-Section and Multisection Directional Couplers (2010)

A class of lumped-element coupled-line directional couplers has been investigated. The paper discusses the influence of the number of coupler's subsections on the overall couplers' performance. The design procedure for calculating elements of the coupler for the chosen coupling C and the number of coupler's subsections has been proposed. The design procedure has been experimentally verified by the measurements of a single-section directional coupler. Also, an asymmetric two-section coupler not reported in the literature has been designed using a lumped-element technique, and the experimental results are shown.
Nonhuman Primate Lung Decellularization and Recellularization Using a Specialized Large-organ Bioreactor (2013)

There are an insufficient number of lungs available to meet current and future organ transplantation needs. Bioartificial tissue regeneration is an attractive alternative to classic organ transplantation. This technology utilizes an organ's natural biological extracellular matrix (ECM) as a scaffold onto which autologous or stem/progenitor cells may be seeded and cultured in such a way that facilitates regeneration of the original tissue. The natural ECM is isolated by a process called decellularization. Decellularization is accomplished by treating tissues with a series of detergents, salts, and enzymes to achieve effective removal of cellular material while leaving the ECM intact. Studies conducted utilizing decellularization and subsequent recellularization of rodent lungs demonstrated marginal success in generating pulmonary-like tissue which is capable of gas exchange in vivo. While offering essential proof-of-concept, rodent models are not directly translatable to human use. Nonhuman primates (NHP) offer a more suitable model in which to investigate the use of bioartificial organ production for eventual clinical use. The protocols for achieving complete decellularization of lungs acquired from the NHP rhesus macaque are presented. The resulting acellular lungs can be seeded with a variety of cells including mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial cells. The manuscript also describes the development of a bioreactor system in which cell-seeded macaque lungs can be cultured under conditions of mechanical stretch and strain provided by negative pressure ventilation as well as pulsatile perfusion through the vasculature; these forces are known to direct differentiation along pulmonary and endothelial lineages, respectively. Representative results of decellularization and cell seeding are provided.
Roles of Interleukin‐6 and Macrophage Inflammatory Protein–2 in Pneumolysin‐Induced Lung Inflammation in Mice (2002)

Pneumolysin (PLY), a toxin synthesized by Streptococcus pneumoniae, is an important virulence factor in pneumococcal disease. This study evaluated the effects of PLY in lungs of mice. Intranasal inoculation with PLY was associated with a dose-dependent influx of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and increased concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2, and KC in BALF. PLY mutants with either reduced cytolytic activity or reduced cytolytic and complement-activating activities were less potent in inducing PMNL recruitment to the lung (P<.05), which suggests that PLY cytolytic activity is very important for the inflammatory response. IL-6 and MIP-2 also played a role in PLY-induced PMNL recruitment; this response was partially diminished in IL-6 gene-deficient mice and in mice treated with anti-MIP-2 antiserum. PLY may play an important role in the induction of an inflammatory response in the pulmonary compartment in the early phase of pneumococcal pneumonia.
Characterization and Structural Behavior of Braided Composites (2009)

The growing interest in small business jets in the general aviation industry is the motivation of this present research. The major objective in the small business jet industry is to reduce costs while keeping takeoff weights below 12,500 lb (5670 kg), which is a requirement of the Federal Aviation Administration. The overall objective of this research is the performance evaluation and modeling of biaxial braided composites manufactured using vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding. Biaxial braided composites with different braid angles were manufactured using carbon braids and two different resin systems (vinyl ester and epoxy). Static tension and tension-tension fatigue tests were performed.
Efficiency and safety of autologous chimeric antigen receptor T-cells therapy used for patients with lymphoma (2019)

CAR T cells are promising in the treatment of relapsed or refractory lymphoma. Doses lower than 10/m, no IL-2 administration, fludarabine administration, and anti-CD19 CAR T cells were related to improved efficacy and safety.
Polarised x-rays in XRF-analysis for improved in vivo detectability of cadmium in man (1983)

A technique is described for the in vivo XRF-analysis of cadmium in the kidney cortex of man using plane polarised photons for excitation. The polarised photons are produced by scattering the radiation from an X-ray tube (W anode, 150 kV, 15 mA) in a polymethylmethacrylate disc at a 90 deg angle. The beam paths (X-ray tube to scatterer, scatterer to sample, sample to detector) must represent three mutually orthogonal directions. The minimum detectable concentration for a counting time of 1800 s and a skin-kidney distance of 30 mm is 8 micrograms g-1. This is a factor of 2.5 lower than our earlier method with direct excitation using the 59.5 keV photons from 241Am. The energy imparted has also been lowered from 0.4 to 0.2 mJ. The cadmium concentration in the kidney cortex of six occupationally exposed persons varied between 15 and 170 micrograms g-1.
Electrochemical DNA Biosensor Based on Conducting Polyaniline Nanotube Array (2007)

Most of the recent developments in ultrasensitive detection of nucleic acid are based on the gold nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes as a medium of signal amplification. Here, we present an ultrasensitive electrochemical nucleic acid biosensor using the conducting polyaniline (PANI) nanotube array as the signal enhancement element. The PANI nanotube array of a highly organized structure was fabricated under a well-controlled nanoscale dimension on the graphite electrode using a thin nanoporous layer as a template, and 21-mer oligonucleotide probes were immobilized on these PANI nanotubes. In comparison with gold nanoparticle- or carbon nanotube-based DNA biosensors, our PANI nanotube array-based DNA biosensor could achieve similar sensitivity without catalytic enhancement, purification, or end-opening processing. The electrochemical results showed that the conducting PANI nanotube array had a signal enhancement capability, allowing the DNA biosensor to readily detect the target oligonucleotide at a concentration as low as 1.0 fM (approximately 300 zmol of target molecules). In addition, this biosensor demonstrated good capability of differentiating the perfect matched target oligonucleotide from one-nucleotide mismatched oligonucleotides even at a concentration of 37.59 fM. This detection specificity indicates that this biosensor could be applied to single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis and single-mutation detection.
Molecular mechanisms of retinal ganglion cell degeneration in glaucoma and future prospects for cell body and axonal protection (2013)

Glaucoma, which affects more than 70 million people worldwide, is a heterogeneous group of disorders with a resultant common denominator; optic neuropathy, eventually leading to irreversible blindness. The clinical manifestations of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), the most common subtype of glaucoma, include excavation of the optic disc and progressive loss of visual field. Axonal degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and apoptotic death of their cell bodies are observed in glaucoma, in which the reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) is known to slow progression of the disease. A pattern of localized retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects in glaucoma patients indicates that axonal degeneration may precede RGC body death in this condition. The mechanisms of degeneration of neuronal cell bodies and their axons may differ. In this review, we addressed the molecular mechanisms of cell body death and axonal degeneration in glaucoma and proposed axonal protection in addition to cell body protection. The concept of axonal protection may become a new therapeutic strategy to prevent further axonal degeneration or revive dying axons in patients with preperimetric glaucoma. Further study will be needed to clarify whether the combination therapy of axonal protection and cell body protection will have greater protective effects in early or progressive glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON).
Temperature dependence of Sb-heterostructure millimetre-wave diodes (2002)

The current against voltage characteristics of Sb-heterostructure zero-bias millimetre-wave diodes were measured from 15 to 81°C. No significant variation in the zero-bias junction resistance or curvature coefficient was found. The new diode is the first that provides temperature independent direct detection capability at and beyond W-band.
Model approach to the pentagonal dodecahedrane. Synthesis and properties of a monoseco derivative (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTModel approach to the pentagonal dodecahedrane. Synthesis and properties of a monoseco derivativeLeo A. Paquette, Douglas W. Balogh, and John F. BlountCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 1, 228–230Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1981https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00391a059Request reuse permissionsArticle Views175Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (380 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Cryptographic rights management of FPGA intellectual property cores (2002)

As the capacity of FPGA's increases to millions of equivalent gates the use of Intellectual Property (IP) cores becomes increasingly important to control design complexity. FPGA's are becoming platforms for integrating a system solution from components supplied by independent vendors in the same way as printed circuit boards provided a platform for earlier generations of designers. However, the current commercial model for IP cores involves large up-front license fees reminiscent of ASIC NRE charges. In order to match the IP core business model to the low to medium volume applications addressed by FPGA customers it is important to develop cryptographic techniques which allow IP core vendors to sell their product on a pay-per-use basis rather than through up-front license fees.
Genome Expression of Plant Positive-strand RNA Viruses (1982)

Microbiology Society journals contain high-quality research papers and topical review articles. We are a not-for-profit publisher and we support and invest in the microbiology community, to the benefit of everyone. This supports our principal goal to develop, expand and strengthen the networks available to our members so that they can generate new knowledge about microbes and ensure that it is shared with other communities.
Targeted enrichment of <sup>28</sup>Si thin films for quantum computing (2020)

We report on the growth of isotopically enriched <sup>28</sup>Si epitaxial films with precisely controlled enrichment levels, ranging from natural abundance ratio of 92.2% all the way to 99.99987% (0.83 × 10<sup>-6</sup> mol mol<sup>-1 29</sup>Si). Isotopically enriched <sup>28</sup>Si is regarded as an ideal host material for semiconducting quantum computing due to the lack of <sup>29</sup>Si nuclear spins. However, the detailed mechanisms for quantum decoherence and the exact level of enrichment needed for quantum computing remain unknown. Here we use hyperthermal energy ion beam deposition with silane gas to deposit epitaxial <sup>28</sup>Si. We switch the mass selective magnetic field periodically to control the <sup>29</sup>Si concentration. We develop a model to predict the residual <sup>29</sup>Si isotope fraction based on deposition parameters and measure the deposited film using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The measured <sup>29</sup>Si concentrations show excellent agreement with the prediction, deviating on average by only 10%.
Overview of the epidemiology and management of childhood obesity. (2012)

Pediatric obesity is rapidly emerging as a serious chronic disease affecting an increasing number of children worldwide. In this report, we review current aspects of pediatric obesity and obesity related management as it relates to the primary care provider who is often the first line of prevention in pediatric obesity.
A 7.4-to-14GHz PLL with 54fs<inf>rms</inf> jitter in 16nm FinFET for integrated RF-data-converter SoCs (2018)

Direct-RF data converters [1,2] have seen increased adoption in remote-radio-head TX and RX, due to their unparalleled bandwidth and flexibility. However, since these converters need to directly synthesize and sample multi-GHz radio signals, the sampling clock must exhibit excellent phase-noise performance, to minimize self- and adjacent-channel mixing, and strong suppression of reference and harmonic spurs, to meet stringent out-of-band emissions and minimize aliased energy. Furthermore, a wide range of sampling frequencies is required for the flexibility to cover multiple bands. Due to these stringent requirements, typically, external PLLs are employed, adding to the BOM cost. This work presents techniques for a fully integrated 7.4-to-14GHz PLL in 16nm FinFET that has 54fs <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</inf> jitter to satisfy the low noise requirements of RF data converters.