gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fast-responsive link adaptation for IEEE 802.11 WLANs (2005)

The mechanism to select one out of multiple available transmission rates at a given time is referred to as link adaptation. The effectiveness of a link adaptation scheme depends on how fast it can respond to the wireless channel variation. In this paper, we propose a truly-adaptive fast-responsive link adaptation scheme for IEEE 802.11 WLAN (wireless LAN). The key idea is to direct the transmitter station's rate-increasing attempts in a controlled manner such that the responsiveness of the link adaptation scheme can be guaranteed with minimum number of rate-increasing attempts. Since our scheme allows the transmitter station to make the link adaptation decision solely based on its local acknowledgment information, it does not require any change to the current 802.11 standard, thus facilitating its deployment with existing 802.11 devices. Our in-depth simulation shows that our scheme yields significantly higher throughput than other existing schemes including single-rate schemes, the ARF (auto rate fallback) scheme and its variants, in various fading channels.
The Economic and Social Role of Internet Intermediaries (2010)

As the Internet has grown to permeate all aspects of the economy and society, so too has the role of Internet intermediaries that give access to, host, transmit and index content originated by third parties or provide Internet-based services to third parties. They enable a host of activities through both wired and increasingly, mobile technologies. Internet access intermediaries and hosting and data processing providers provide the platform for new, faster, and cheaper communication technologies, for innovation and productivity gains, and for the provision of new products and services. As to online e-commerce intermediaries, they have brought unprecedented user and consumer empowerment through greater information, facilitating product and price comparisons and creating downward pressure on prices or, in the case of auction platforms, meeting supply and demand and creating new markets. Search engines, portals and participative networked platforms for their part facilitate access to an unparalleled wealth of information, as well as providing opportunities for new innovative activities and social interactions.
Fluorescent Cancer-Selective Alkylphosphocholine Analogs for Intraoperative Glioma Detection (2014)

CLR1501 (green) and CLR1502 (near infrared) are novel tumor-selective fluorescent agents for discriminating tumor from normal brain. CLR1501 exhibits a tumor-to-brain fluorescence ratio similar to that of 5-ALA, whereas CLR1502 has a superior tumor-to-brain fluorescence ratio. This study demonstrates the potential use of CLR1501 and CLR1502 in fluorescence-guided tumor surgery.
Influence of Extrusion on the Physiological Effects of Brans in Rats (1990)

Journal Article Influence of Extrusion on the Physiological Effects of Brans in Rats Get access Takashi Hayakawa, Takashi Hayakawa Department of Nutrition, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kaoru Nakamura, Kaoru Nakamura Department of Nutrition, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Toshichika Takita, Toshichika Takita Department of Nutrition, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Satoshi Innami, Satoshi Innami Department of Nutrition, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156, Japan To whom all correspondence should be addressed. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kohei Yamada, Kohei Yamada Department of Nutrition, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Toshio Yoshioka, Toshio Yoshioka Department of Nutrition, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156, JapanResearch Laboratory, Kyodo Shiryo Co., Ltd., Naka-ku, Yokohama 231, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Saburoh Kawamura Saburoh Kawamura Department of Nutrition, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156, JapanDivision of Fine Chemicals, Nihon Shokuhin Kako Co., Ltd., Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 54, Issue 5, 1 May 1990, Pages 1285–1287, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1990.10870121 Published: 01 May 1990 Article history Received: 08 August 1989 Published: 01 May 1990
Five-Year Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Total Mastectomy and Segmental Mastectomy with or without Radiation in the Treatment of Breast Cancer (1985)

In 1976 we began a randomized trial to evaluate breast conservation by a segmental mastectomy in the treatment of Stage I and II breast tumors less than or equal to 4 cm in size. The operation removes only sufficient tissue to ensure that margins of resected specimens are free of tumor. Women were randomly assigned to total mastectomy, segmental mastectomy alone, or segmental mastectomy followed by breast irradiation. All patients had axillary dissections, and patients with positive nodes received chemotherapy. Life-table estimates based on data from 1843 women indicated that treatment by segmental mastectomy, with or without breast irradiation, resulted in disease-free, distant-disease-free, and overall survival at five years that was no worse than that after total breast removal. In fact, disease-free survival after segmental mastectomy plus radiation was better than disease-free survival after total mastectomy (P = 0.04), and overall survival after segmental mastectomy, with or without radiation, was better than overall survival after total mastectomy (P = 0.07, and 0.06, respectively). A total of 92.3 per cent of women treated with radiation remained free of breast tumor at five years, as compared with 72.1 per cent of those receiving no radiation (P less than 0.001). Among patients with positive nodes 97.9 per cent of women treated with radiation and 63.8 per cent of those receiving no radiation remained tumor-free (P less than 0.001), although both groups received chemotherapy. We conclude that segmental mastectomy, followed by breast irradiation in all patients and adjuvant chemotherapy in women with positive nodes, is appropriate therapy for Stage I and II breast tumors less than or equal to 4 cm, provided that margins of resected specimens are free of tumor.
<i>Xenopus</i> Cdc7 function is dependent on licensing but not on XORC, XCdc6, or CDK activity and is required for XCdc45 loading (2000)

The assembly and disassembly of protein complexes at replication origins play a crucial role in the regulation of chromosomal DNA replication. The sequential binding of the origin recognition complex (ORC), Cdc6, and the minichromosome maintenance (MCM/P1) proteins produces a licensed replication origin. Before the initiation of replication can occur, each licensed origin must be acted upon by S phase-inducing CDKs and the Cdc7 protein kinase. In the present report we describe the role of Xenopus Cdc7 (XCdc7) in DNA replication using cell-free extracts of Xenopus eggs. We show that XCdc7 binds to chromatin during G(1) and S phase. XCdc7 associates with chromatin only once origins have been licensed, but this association does not require the continued presence of XORC or XCdc6 once they have fulfilled their essential role in licensing. Moreover, XCdc7 is required for the subsequent CDK-dependent loading of XCdc45 but is not required for the destabilization of origins that occurs once licensing is complete. Finally, we show that CDK activity is not necessary for XCdc7 to associate with chromatin, induce MCM/P1 phosphorylation, or perform its essential replicative function. From these results we suggest a simple model for the assembly of functional initiation complexes in the Xenopus system.
Hygienic indicator bacteria in the 2 species of wild-caught Japanese cicadas, large brown cicadas and robust cicadas (2023)

Abstract Entomophagy is considered a potent dietary practice to replace animal protein due to its highly nutritious and environmentally sustainable features. While entomophagy has many advantages, safety and security concerns still remain, especially for wild-caught insects, not farm-reared insects. This study aimed to clarify the potential microbiological hazards of eating wild-caught cicadas. Large brown cicadas and robust cicadas, which were commonly inhabited in Japan, were caught and examined the hygienic indicator bacteria, standard plate counts (SPC) and Enterobacteriaceae . Then, representative colonies of Enterobacteriaceae were identified. Also, the distribution of bacteria, i.e. the surface or inside the body of the cicadas, and the changes in the bacterial number during the storage of the dead cicadas were examined. SPC was in the range of 3.0 to 9.0 log CFU/g and Enterobacteriaceae was detected in the most of cicadas. Most of the Enterobacteriaceae species identified were biosafety level 2 pathogens or opportunistic pathogens. SPC and Enterobacteriaceae were distributed both on the surface and in the body of the cicadas. SPC and Enterobacteriaceae rapidly increased in the dead cicadas during the storage (at 25 °C). In this study, it is concluded that sufficient heat cooking and proper cold storage should be necessary for the safe consumption of cicadas as food.
Réinsertion ou exclusion par la justice pénale: des questions pénitentiaires à la question sociale (1996)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
How Cubic Can Ice Be? (2017)

Using an X-ray laser, we investigated the crystal structure of ice formed by homogeneous ice nucleation in deeply supercooled water nanodrops (r ≈ 10 nm) at ∼225 K. The nanodrops were formed by condensation of vapor in a supersonic nozzle, and the ice was probed within 100 μs of freezing using femtosecond wide-angle X-ray scattering at the Linac Coherent Light Source free-electron X-ray laser. The X-ray diffraction spectra indicate that this ice has a metastable, predominantly cubic structure; the shape of the first ice diffraction peak suggests stacking-disordered ice with a cubicity value, χ, in the range of 0.78 ± 0.05. The cubicity value determined here is higher than those determined in experiments with micron-sized drops but comparable to those found in molecular dynamics simulations. The high cubicity is most likely caused by the extremely low freezing temperatures and by the rapid freezing, which occurs on a ∼1 μs time scale in single nanodroplets.
Transport near the metal-insulator transition: Polypyrrole doped with<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">PF</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>6</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1994)

Heavily doped polypyrrole-hexafluorophosphate, PPy(${\mathrm{PF}}_{6}$), undergoes a metal-insulator (M-I) transition at resistivity ratio ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\rho}}}_{\mathit{r}}$=\ensuremath{\rho}(1.4 K)/${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\rho}}}_{\mathit{r}}$(300 K)\ensuremath{\approxeq}10: for ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\rho}}}_{\mathit{r}}$10, the system is metallic with \ensuremath{\rho}(T) remaining finite as T\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0, whereas for ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\rho}}}_{\mathit{r}}$>10, the system is an insulator with \ensuremath{\rho}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty} as T\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0. In the critical regime, \ensuremath{\rho}(T) shows a power-law temperature dependence, \ensuremath{\rho}(T)=${\mathit{T}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\beta}}}$, with 0.31. The effect of the partially screened Coulomb interaction is substantial at low temperatures for samples on both sides of the M-I transition. In the insulating regime, the crossover from Mott variable-range hopping (VRH) to Efros-Shklovskii hopping is observed. In the metallic regime, the sign of the temperature coefficient of the resistivity changes at ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\rho}}}_{\mathit{r}}$\ensuremath{\approxeq}2. At T=1.4 K, the interaction length ${\mathit{L}}_{\mathit{T}}$=(\ensuremath{\Elzxh}D/${\mathit{k}}_{\mathit{B}}$T${)}^{1/2}$\ensuremath{\approxeq}30 \AA{}.Since this is smaller than the inelastic-scattering length, ${\mathit{L}}_{\mathrm{in}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\approxeq}}}$300 \AA{}, the contribution to \ensuremath{\rho}(T) from the electron-electron interaction is dominant. Application of high pressure decreases ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\rho}}}_{\mathit{r}}$, induces the transition into the metallic regime, and enables fine tuning of the M-I transition. For samples close to the M-I transition, the thermoelectric power is proportional to the temperature in both the metallic and insulating regimes. The correlation length (${\mathit{L}}_{\mathit{c}}$) increases as the disorder, characterized by ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\rho}}}_{\mathit{r}}$, approaches the M-I transition from either side. The expected divergence in ${\mathit{L}}_{\mathit{c}}$ at the M-I transition is qualitatively consistent with the values for ${\mathit{L}}_{\mathit{c}}$ inferred from the extrapolated \ensuremath{\sigma}(0) in the metallic regime and from analysis of the VRH magnetoresistance in the insulating regime. Thus, by using ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\rho}}}_{\mathit{r}}$ to characterize the magnitude of the disorder, a complete and fully consistent picture of the M-I transition in PPy(${\mathrm{PF}}_{6}$) is developed.
99mTc-Labeled Nanobodies: A New Type of Targeted Probes for Imaging Antigen Expression (2008)

Introduction: The development of specific radiolabeled probes towards molecular markers in vivo has gained interest as targeted imaging allows for a more accurate detection of diseases. We investigate the feasibility of targeted imaging of cancer antigens using the variable domain of single chain camelid antibodies (Nanobodies®) labeled with 99mTechnetium. Nanobodies against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were used as a model. Methods: His6-CEA1 Nanobodies were generated and labeled with 99mTc at their His-tag using Tc(I)-tricarbonyl (Isolink, Mallinckrodt, B.V., Petten, The Netherlands). The normal biodistribution was assessed in healthy athymic mice by ex vivo analysis at 1 and 3 h. In vivo targeting was evaluated in the same mouse model bearing the CEA-positive LS174T tumour or a CEA-negative A431 (human skin carcinoma) control tumour. Pinhole SPECT imaging was performed at 3 hours after intravenous injection of 90 MBq 99mTc-His6-CEA1 using a dual-headed gamma camera equipped with pinhole collimators. Results: Radiolabeling efficiency was > 95%. General biodistribution showed intense renal uptake and marked liver accumulation. Using pinhole-SPECT, the average uptake of 99mTc- His6-CEA1 in LS174T (CEA positive) was significantly higher compared to the A431 (CEA negative) control tumour: respectively 3.2 ± 0.6 %IA/cm3 and 1.1 ± 0.2 %IA/cm3 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study presents effective labeling of Nanobodies with 99mTc using Tc(I)-carbonyl chemistry and shows their potential as a new type of specific probes for imaging antigen expression. Keywords: Nanobody, carcinoembryonic antigen, Tc(I)-carbonyl chemistry, imaging, tumor targeting
A novel survival model of cardioplegic arrest and cardiopulmonary bypass in rats: a methodology paper (2008)

This novel small animal CPB model with cardioplegic arrest allows for both the study of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury as well as new cardioprotective strategies. Major advantages of this model include its overall feasibility and cost effectiveness. In future experiments long-term echocardiographic outcomes as well as enzymatic, genetic, and histologic characterization of myocardial injury can be assessed. In the field of myocardial protection, rodent models will be an important avenue of research.
Procedure recording and telediagnosis of pulse diagnosis in Traditional Chinese Medicine (2010)

Pulse diagnosis is one of important diagnosis methods in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Although current medical devices have the capabilities of pulse feeling as a doctor do, the procedure how experienced doctors make diagnoses have not been recorded. Thus it is difficult to establish knowledgebase of Traditional Chinese Medicine and make a useful clinic support model. In this paper, by inserting an electronic doctor fingers and an electronic patient arm between a patient and a doctor, the interactive diagnoses operation is transferred and recorded. In the application system, the electronic doctor fingers and the electronic patient arm act like real fingers and arm. The doctor's finger pressure is detected and transferred to the patient and the patient's pulse signal is detected and transferred to the doctor. The two parts are connected by a communication network; they can be used to provide service for remote patients and implement telediagnosis.
Characterization of the dystrophin‐syntrophin interaction using the two‐hybrid system in yeast (1996)

The carboxy-terminal region of dystrophin has previously been shown to interact directly with alpha1 syntrophin, a cytoplasmic component of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex, by in vitro biochemical studies such as overlay assay or immunoprecipitation. Using the two-hybrid system, we have isolated from a human heart cDNA library the entire coding sequence of human alpha1 syntrophin, therefore confirming for the first time this interaction via an in vivo approach. In addition, we have reduced the interaction domain to the distal half of alpha1 syntrophin.
Methodology for Variogram Interpretation and Modeling for Improved Reservoir Characterization (1999)

Abstract The variogram is a critical input to geostatistical studies. It is the most widely used tool to investigate and model spatial variability of lithofacies, porosity, and other petrophysical properties. In addition, 90% of geostatistical reservoir characterization studies use variogram-based geostatistical modeling methods. Furthermore, the variogram reflects our understanding of the geometry and continuity of reservoir properties and can have an important effect on predicted flow behavior and consequent reservoir management decisions. Yet, the practice of variogram interpretation and modeling is poorly documented and unexperienced practitioners find themselves at lost when required to provide a reliable variogram model. This often results in wrong variogram models used in subsequent geostatistical studies. Our approach is a two-step procedure similar to that used in modern well test interpretation, that is, model identification followed by parameter estimation. The total variance of the phenomenon under study is divided into variance regions. The behavior of each variance region is shown to follow clearly defined behaviors reflecting well-understood geological features. Establishing a mathematically consistent and geologically interpretable variogram model is straightforward after model recognition. The proposed methodology for variogram interpretation and modeling provides a better, more rigorous, quantification of spatial variability, which leads to improved flow models and management decisions. The theoretical background of our methodology will be presented. A number of case studies are then shown to illustrate the practical importance of the methodology.
Architecture for genetic algorithm-based threat assessment (2003)

The determination and subsequent analysis of potential enemy course of actions (COAs) /oms a key element within the Intelligence Preparation of the Balllespace (IPB) process. Enemy COA prediction and analysis is also key element of threat assessment dafa fusion processing. Here weformulate an architecture that employs genetic algorithms (GAS) to generate and evaluate enemy COAs. 771;s formulation is derivedfrom experience we have garnered over several research and development efforts and across d@erent military domains. The oupul ofthis architecture is a set ofenemy COAs chat can be evaluated based on their potential effectiveness against friendly forces. These results can then be disfributed to higher-jdelip simulafions for detailed evaluation and/or lo decision support systems for friendlyforce mission planning.
Triplex structures induce DNA double strand breaks via replication fork collapse in NER deficient cells (2016)

Structural alterations in DNA can serve as natural impediments to replication fork stability and progression, resulting in DNA damage and genomic instability. Naturally occurring polypurine mirror repeat sequences in the human genome can create endogenous triplex structures evoking a robust DNA damage response. Failures to recognize or adequately process these genomic lesions can result in loss of genomic integrity. Nucleotide excision repair (NER) proteins have been found to play a prominent role in the recognition and repair of triplex structures. We demonstrate using triplex-forming oligonucleotides that chromosomal triplexes perturb DNA replication fork progression, eventually resulting in fork collapse and the induction of double strand breaks (DSBs). We find that cells deficient in the NER damage recognition proteins, XPA and XPC, accumulate more DSBs in response to chromosomal triplex formation than NER-proficient cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that XPC-deficient cells are particularly prone to replication-associated DSBs in the presence of triplexes. In the absence of XPA or XPC, deleterious consequences of triplex-induced genomic instability may be averted by activating apoptosis via dual phosphorylation of the H2AX protein. Our results reveal that damage recognition by XPC and XPA is critical to maintaining replication fork integrity and preventing replication fork collapse in the presence of triplex structures.
Miniature grating for spectrally-encoded endoscopy (2013)

Spectrally-encoded endoscopy (SEE) is an ultraminiature endoscopy technology that acquires high-definition images of internal organs through a sub-mm endoscopic probe. In SEE, a grating at the tip of the imaging optics diffracts the broadband light into multiple beams, where each beam with a distinctive wavelength is illuminated on a unique transverse location of the tissue. By encoding one transverse coordinate with the wavelength, SEE can image a line of the tissue at a time without using any beam scanning devices. This feature of the SEE technology allows the SEE probe to be miniaturized to sub-mm dimensions. While previous studies have shown that SEE has the potential to be utilized for various clinical imaging applications, the translation of SEE for medicine has been hampered by challenges in fabricating the miniature grating inherent to SEE probes. This paper describes a new fabrication method for SEE probes. The new method uses a soft lithographic approach to pattern a high-aspect-ratio grating at the tip of the miniature imaging optics. Using this technique, we have constructed a 500 μm-diameter SEE probe. The miniature grating at the tip of the probe had a measured diffraction efficiency of 75%. The new SEE probe was used to image a human finger and formalin fixed mouse embryos, demonstrating the capability of this device to visualize key anatomic features of tissues with high image contrast. In addition to providing high quality imaging SEE optics, the soft lithography method allows cost-effective and reliable fabrication of these miniature endoscopes, which will facilitate the clinical translation of SEE technology.