gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biomimetic Diels−Alder Cyclizations for the Construction of the Brevianamide, Paraherquamide Sclerotamide, and VM55599 Ring Systems (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTBiomimetic Diels−Alder Cyclizations for the Construction of the Brevianamide, Paraherquamide Sclerotamide, and VM55599 Ring SystemsRobert M. Williams, Juan F. Sanz-Cervera, Félix Sancenón, J. Alberto Marco, and Kathleen HalliganView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidad de Valencia, Calle Dr. Moliner 50. E-46100 Burjassot, Spain Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 5, 1090–1091Publication Date (Web):January 22, 1998Publication History Received26 August 1997Published online22 January 1998Published inissue 1 February 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja972998chttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja972998crapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views946Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Cyclization,Ethers,Metabolism,Organic compounds Get e-Alerts
Sequence of Testing for Monoclonal Gammopathies (1999)

The first test for recognition of monoclonal gammopathies should be serum protein electrophoresis with high-resolution agarose gel. Serum protein electrophoresis should be performed whenever multiple myeloma, Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, primary amyloidosis, or a related disorder is suspected. Immunofixation is critical for the differentiation of a monoclonal from a polyclonal increase in immunoglobulins. Quantitation of immunoglobulins should be performed with a rate nephelometer. The viscosity of serum should be measured if the patient has signs or symptoms of hyperviscosity syndrome. A 24-hour urine specimen should be obtained for determination of the total amount of protein excreted each day. Immunofixation of the urine should be performed on every patient who has an M-protein level greater than 1.5 g/dL (15 g/L) in the serum or in whom multiple myeloma, Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, primary amyloidosis, or a related disorder is suspected.
Comparison of Neurotoxicity following Repeated Administration of L-Dopa, D-Dopa, and Dopamine to Embryonic Mesencephalic Dopamine Neurons in Cultures Derived from Fisher 344 and Sprague-Dawley Donors (1997)

Levodopa is the most efficacious and widely used symptomatic drug for Parkinson's disease (PD). There is currently, however, a great deal of interest focused on the possibility that levodopa-induced increases in dopamine (DA) turnover may increase oxidative damage derived from the breakdown of DA. Increased oxidative damage following levodopa may contribute to the progressive degeneration of remaining host nigral neurons as well as interfere with development and function of embryonic nigral neurons in neural grafting trials. There is abundant evidence that levodopa is toxic to embryonic nigral DA neurons in both cell culture and neural grafting models. These findings have prompted a number of studies on mechanisms of levodopa toxicity to identify effective means of ameliorating potential oxidative stress related to levodopa in PD. In the current study we have utilized cultures of embryonic nigral DA neurons to address the fundamental question of whether levodopa-induced toxicity is related to DA production or whether dopa itself contributes to cell death. We compared the degree of nigral DA cell death following chronic administration of: 1) levodopa (e.g.: l-dopa); 2) its less active stereoisomer d-dopa; and 3) DA. We examined the rank order of toxicity of these compounds in two species of rats, Fisher 344 (F344) and Sprague-Dawley (SD). Results indicate a toxicity profile of: DA > l-dopa > > d-dopa. In addition, although there was no difference in response of F344 and SD cultures to l-dopa, the SD cultures were significantly more susceptible to the neurotoxic effects of DA. Taken collectively, these results suggest that levodopa-induced toxicity is related primarily to DA production rather than oxidation of dopa to toxic metabolites, and that some strain related differences do exist.
Characteristics of Convex Skin Barriers and Clinical Application: Results of an International Consensus Panel. (2021)

Regulatory bodies do not set parameters for measuring certain ostomy product characteristics. As a result, each manufacturer has a different way of measuring specific convex skin barrier characteristics that may create confusion among clinicians when selecting a product. In order to alleviate this confusion and encourage consistency in reporting product characteristics, an international meeting of clinicians with expertise in the care of persons living with an ostomy was convened. The goal of the meeting was to define and establish consistency in convex skin barrier characteristics and their clinical application of the product based on these characteristics. Twelve nurse panelists from 11 countries reviewed, discussed, and reached consensus on a group of proposed statements designed to provide standard definitions of convex skin barrier characteristics and clinically relevant application. The group reached consensus on 5 characteristics of convex skin barriers: depth, compressibility, flexibility, slope, and tension location. These statements provide a basis for quantifying the most clinically relevant characteristics of convex skin barriers and a framework for their application in clinical practice.
A Novel Computational Approach for Fire Detection (2010)

This paper proposes a model for detecting fire captured in video data by combining the methods of correlation coefficient, Gaussian Mixture Model - GMM and turbulent analysis. The method of correlation efficient is used to determine movement objects. We use GMM to cluster fire-colored pixel in the RGB space. The objective of turbulent analysis is to detect the flame of fire. A model built on three above methods will be presented and the experimental results are discussed in Section III.
A Near-Optimal Linear Crosstalk Precoder for Downstream VDSL (2007)

This letter presents a linear crosstalk precoder for very-high-speed digital subscriber lines (VDSL) that has a low run-time complexity. A lower bound on the data rate of the precoder is developed, and guarantees that the precoder achieves near-optimal performance in 99% of VDSL channels
A Murine Model of HUS (2006)

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), which is caused by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infection, is the leading cause of acute renal failure in children. At present, there is no complete small animal model of this disease. This study investigated a mouse model using intraperitoneal co-injection of purified Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2) plus LPS. Through microarray, biochemical, and histologic analysis, it was found to be a valid model of the human disease. Biochemical and microarray analysis of mouse kidneys revealed the Stx2 plus LPS challenge to be distinct from the effects of either agent alone. Microarrays identified differentially expressed genes that were demonstrated previously to play a role in this disease. Blood and serum analysis of these mice showed neutrophilia, thrombocytopenia, red cell hemolysis, and increased serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. In addition, histologic analysis and electron microscopy of mouse kidneys demonstrated glomerular fibrin deposition, red cell congestion, microthrombi formation, and glomerular ultrastructural changes. It was established that this C57BL/6 mouse is a complete model of HUS that includes the thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, and renal failure that define the human disease. In addition, a time course of HUS disease progression that will be useful for identification of therapeutic targets and development of new treatments for HUS is described.
Limits and application of the newly proposed deep-depletion SOI LDMOS (2007)

The behaviour of a deep depletion (DD) silicon on insulator (SOI) lateral MOS (LDMOS) is analysed. DD of the substrate for an SOI device has been recently proposed as an innovative technique to design power devices featuring a transient breakdown higher than the static breakdown. DD is a dynamic effect that allows the design of a whole new generation of SOI power devices. Eligible applications are power conditioning circuits in which the device sustains transient voltages higher than bus voltage such as the flyback converter and the resonant circuits. Numerical simulation methods are used to analyse the behaviour of the device together with the effect of temperature, substrate carrier generation time and applied reverse bias on the duration of the transient breakdown phase. The results show that the newly proposed DD SOI device, an SOI power LDMOS using P - substrate, exhibits a static breakdown voltage of 190 V and sustains transient overvoltages up to 280 V. Furthermore, mixed-mode simulation of a complete Class E resonant converter using the proposed DD SOI device is presented.
Sequence analysis of the clpG gene, which codes for surface antigen CS31A subunit: evidence of an evolutionary relationship between CS31A, K88, and F41 subunit genes (1991)

The clpG gene coding for the CS31A subunit was localized on a 0.9-kb SphI fragment from the recombinant plasmid pAG315. This was established by testing the ability of subclones to hybridize with a 17-meric oligonucleotide probe obtained from N-terminal analysis of the CS31A subunit. The nucleotide sequence of the region coding for CS31A was determined. From primer extension analysis, two initiation translation start sites were detected. Two possible promoterlike sequences were identified; the ribosome binding site and the translation terminator are proposed. Inverted repeat sequences leading to the formation of possible hairpin structures of the transcripts were found on the 5' untranslated region of clpG. The deduced amino acid composition was in close agreement with the chemical amino acid composition and sequence match with the first 25 N-terminal amino acids from the published N-terminal sequence of the purified CS31A subunit. The clpG gene codes for a mature protein of 257 amino acids with a molecular size of 26,777 Da. An obvious homology was observed when the amino acid sequence of CS31A was compared with those of K88 and F41. This homology includes five different conserved sequences of up to 19 identical amino acids, which is associated with conserved proline. An extensive change in the CS31A region homologous to that identified to contain the K88 receptor binding site might be responsible for the functional divergence between CS31A and K88.
Prognostic significance of p53 immunostaining in epithelial ovarian cancer. (1994)

Abnormalities of p53 expression occur commonly in epithelial ovarian cancer. Although associated with decreased survival in a univariate analysis, this biologic marker did not retain independent prognostic significance in a multivariate analysis. p53 expression should be studied in a larger cohort of early-stage patients, where accurate prognostic information is needed to direct therapy.
Neuropeptide Y: a possible role in hypertension? (1995)

NPY might be an important physiological and pathophysiological modulator of cardiovascular function, but further studies using specific high-affinity antagonists are required.
Rutheniumkatalysierte intermolekulare Hydroaminierung terminaler Alkine mit Anilinen: eine praktikable Synthese von aromatischen Ketiminen (1999)

Lösungsmittelfrei und an Luft kann die Hydroaminierung von Phenylacetylen mit Anilin in Gegenwart von [Ru3(CO)12]/NH4PF6 in hoher Regioselektivität durchgeführt werden [Gl. (1)]. Durch einfache Destillation erhält man das >99 % reine Produkt in exzellenter Ausbeute. Die Anwendung dieser Methode in einer neuen Zweikomponentenreaktion führte zur wichtigen Stoffklasse der Chinoline.
Understanding hepatitis C. (2004)

There are at least 4 million cases of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the United States (overall prevalence 1.8%, with many of these patients unaware of their infection) and 170 million worldwide. The consequences of this virus account for 10,000 deaths every year in the United States. HCV is the primary reason for liver transplantation in this country. Most new cases are now acquired through the use of illegal injection drugs (68%) or potentially sexual transmission (18%). Although the incidence of HCV infection has dropped sharply since the early 1990s because of improved blood-supply screening, the infections that were acquired from the 1960s to the 1980s are likely to dramatically increase the morbidity, mortality, and costs of HCV disease over the next 2 decades. A proportion of these individuals with long-term HCV infection will develop cirrhosis, decompensated liver disease, or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). These increases in HCV-related end-stage liver disease and HCC will have significant implications for clinicians and pharmacists in managed care settings. This article reviews the virology, serology, epidemiology, natural history, and the current and projected future disease burden of HCV in the United States.
Influence of hydrogen and hydrogen/methane plasmas on AlN thin films (2014)

Polycrystalline aluminum nitride (AlN) thin films are exposed to hydrogen and hydrogen/methane plasmas at different conditions. The latter plays an indispensable role in the subsequent deposition of nanocrystalline diamond thin films on AlN. The changes of AlN properties are investigated by means of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopies as well as atomic force microscopy. The E1(TO) and E22 phonon mode frequencies blue-shift after the exposure to plasmas. The damping constant of E1(TO) phonon, calculated from FTIR transmission spectra using the factorized model of a damped oscillator, and the width of E22 peak in Raman spectra decrease with increasing substrate temperature till the decomposition of AlN thin film becomes notable. It is proven that these changes are driven by the plasmas as annealing in vacuum does not induce them.
Effectiveness of neuronavigation in resecting solitary intracerebral contrast-enhancing tumors: a randomized controlled trial (2006)

There is no rationale for the routine use of neuronavigation to improve the extent of tumor resection and prognosis in patients harboring a solitary enhancing intracerebral lesion when neuronavigation is not already deemed advantageous because of the size or location of the lesion.
Wireline distributed acoustic sensing allows 4.2 km deep vertical seismic profiling of the Rotliegend 150 °C geothermal reservoir in the North German Basin (2021)

Abstract. We performed so-far-unprecedented deep wireline vertical seismic profiling at the Groß Schönebeck site with the novel method of distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) to gain more detailed information on the structural setting and geometry of the geothermal reservoir, which is comprised of volcanic rocks and sediments of Lower Permian age. During the survey of 4 d only, we acquired data for 61 source positions using hybrid wireline fiber-optic sensor cables deployed in two 4.3 km deep, already existing wells. While most of the recorded data have a very good signal-to-noise ratio, individual sections of the profiles are affected by characteristic coherent noise patterns. This ringing noise results from incomplete coupling of the sensor cable to the borehole wall, and it can be suppressed to a large extent using suitable filtering methods. After conversion to strain rate, the DAS data exhibit a high similarity to the vertical component data of a conventional borehole geophone. We derived accurate time–depth relationships, interval velocities, and corridor stacks from the recorded data. Based on integration with other well data and geological information, we show that the top of a porous and permeable sandstone interval of the geothermal reservoir can be identified by a positive reflection event. Overall, the sequence of reflection events shows a different character for both wells explained by lateral changes in lithology. The top of the volcanic rocks has a somewhat different seismic response in both wells, and no clear reflection event is obvious at the postulated base of the volcanic rocks, so that their thickness cannot be inferred from individual reflection events in the seismic data alone. The DAS method enabled measurements at elevated temperatures up to 150 ∘C over extended periods and led to significant time and cost savings compared to deployment of a conventional borehole geophone string. This wireline approach finally suggests significant implications for observation options in old wells for a variety of purposes.
Thermostable NAD+-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase from Sulfolobus solfataricus: gene and protein sequence determination and relationship to other alcohol dehydrogenases (1992)

The NAD(+)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.1) from the thermoacidophilic archaebacterium Sulfolobus solfataricus, DSM1617 strain (SSADH), has been purified and characterized. Its gene has been isolated by screening two S. Solfataricus genomic libraries using oligonucleotide probes. The encoding sequence consists of 1041 base pairs, and it shows a high preference for codons ending in T or A. The primary structure, determined by peptide and gene analysis, consists of 347 amino acid residues, yielding a molecular weight of 37,588. A level of identity of 24-25% was found with the amino acid sequences of horse liver, yeast, and Thermoanaerobium brockii alcohol dehydrogenases. The coenzyme-binding and catalytic and structural zinc-binding residues typical of eukaryotic alcohol dehydrogenases were found in SSADH with the difference that one out of the four structural zinc-binding Cys residues is substituted by Glu. The protein contains four zinc atoms per dimer, two of which are removed by chelating agents with a concomitant loss of structural stability.
Methane-Oxidizing Enzymes: An Upstream Problem in Biological Gas-to-Liquids Conversion (2016)

Biological conversion of natural gas to liquids (Bio-GTL) represents an immense economic opportunity. In nature, aerobic methanotrophic bacteria and anaerobic archaea are able to selectively oxidize methane using methane monooxygenase (MMO) and methyl coenzyme M reductase (MCR) enzymes. Although significant progress has been made toward genetically manipulating these organisms for biotechnological applications, the enzymes themselves are slow, complex, and not recombinantly tractable in traditional industrial hosts. With turnover numbers of 0.16-13 s(-1), these enzymes pose a considerable upstream problem in the biological production of fuels or chemicals from methane. Methane oxidation enzymes will need to be engineered to be faster to enable high volumetric productivities; however, efforts to do so and to engineer simpler enzymes have been minimally successful. Moreover, known methane-oxidizing enzymes have different expression levels, carbon and energy efficiencies, require auxiliary systems for biosynthesis and function, and vary considerably in terms of complexity and reductant requirements. The pros and cons of using each methane-oxidizing enzyme for Bio-GTL are considered in detail. The future for these enzymes is bright, but a renewed focus on studying them will be critical to the successful development of biological processes that utilize methane as a feedstock.
Biomimetic Materials Chemistry (1995)

Partial table of contents: Biomineralization and Biomimetic Chemistry. Biogenic Cadmium Sulfide Semiconductors. Biomimetic Approaches to Nanoscale Fabrication. Construction of Organized Particulate Films By The Langmuir--Blodgett Technique. Polyamino Acids As Antiscalents, Dispersants, Antifreezes, and Absorbent Gelling Materials. Biomimetic Inorganic--Organic Composites. Ceramics Processing with Biogenic Additives. Index.
Comparison of mechanical and ballistic performance of composite laminates produced from single‐layer and double‐layer interlocked woven structures (2013)

Textile structures have become quite popular as reinforcement materials in composite laminates due to their high impact‐damage tolerance and energy absorption ability. The impact performance of textile composites is not only affected by the type of fiber/matrix but also by the fabric structure used as reinforcement. The aim of this study was to compare the mechanical and ballistic performance of composite laminates reinforced with single‐layer and double‐layer interlocked woven fabrics. Kevlar ® −29 multifilament yarn was used for preparation of all the fabric structures and epoxy resin was used as the matrix system. The composites were produced using a hand lay‐up method, followed by compression molding. The mechanical and ballistic performance of composites reinforced with single‐layer and double‐layer interlocked woven fabrics was investigated in this study. The energy absorption and mechanical failure behavior of composites during the impact event were found to be strongly affected by the weave design of the reinforcement. The composites reinforced with double‐layer interlocked woven fabrics were found to perform better than those comprising single‐layer fabrics in terms of impact energy absorption and mechanical failure. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:1583–1591, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers
PVT Properties of Polymers for Injection Molding (2012)

PVT (Pressure-Volume-Temperature) properties of polymers are important for both engineering and polymer physics. Fig.1 shows the typical PVT diagrams of an amorphous (a) and semi-crystalline polymer (b). PVT diagram describes the specific volume as a function of pressure and temperature. Specific volume increases with the temperature increasing. There is a thermal transition in the polymer. The primary amorphous transition of any polymer is known as its glass transition temperature, Tg. While Tg is not a sharp transition, the data from below and above Tg will show an intersection that is generally accepted as being Tg. As shown in Fig. 1, semi-crystalline polymer exhibits a different thermal response than amorphous polymer. For the amorphous polymer, Tg is clearly seen as the temperature where the polymer goes from a solid to a melt. The rate of expansion per temperature increment is much smaller in the solid state than in the melt state. By contrast, the semi-crystalline polymer contains sufficient crystallinity to maintain structural continuity above Tg. While the amorphous content in this polymer exhibits a Tg, the crystal structure allows characterization up to nearly the temperature where the crystals melt.
Magnetization reversal with domain-wall pinning in (Ga, Mn)As wire (2005)

The pinning effect of magnetic domain walls in patterned (Ga, Mn)As wires with a constriction is investigated through magnetoresistance (MR) measurements and micromagnetic simulations. An experimental MR curve of a sample with the constriction clearly demonstrates step-like magnetization behavior in its magnetization reversal process and the behavior is also observed in the calculated MR curve. Simulated magnetic domain configurations indicate that the constriction in the wire acts as an effective pinning site of a 90/spl deg/ domain wall.