gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Malignant phenotype regulated by endocrine glands derived VEGF in pancreatic cancer cells MiaPaCaII (2011)

Objective To evaluate the endocrine glands derived VEGF (EG-VEGF) influence on growth, migration and apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells MiaPaCa Ⅱ. Methods MiaPaCa Ⅱ were treated by 100,200 ng/ml EG-VEGF for 24, 48, 72, 96 h, and MTT assay was used to determine the proliferation; and cell scratch experiment was used to investigate the percentage of cell migration distance, flow cytometry was used to measure the apoptosis of the cancer cells. Results After MiaPaCa Ⅱ cells were treated by 0, 100,200 ng/ml EG-VEGF for 72 h, the proliferation of MiaPaCa Ⅱ was 0. 253 ± 0. 012 , 0. 374 ± 0.013,0. 383 ±0.015, respectively EG-VEGF could significantly promote the proliferation of MiaPaCa Ⅱ ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). After MiaPaCa Ⅱ cells were treated by 0, 100 ng/ml EG-VEGF for 24 h, the percentage of cell migration distance was (27.40 ± 3.45 ) % and ( 13.21 ±4.65 ) % ,respectively with statistical difference ( P ＜ 0.05 ), EG-VEGF could significantly promote the migration ability of MiaPaCa Ⅱ cells and inhibite the apoptosis. Conclusions After EG-VEGF treatment, the growth and migration ability of MiaPaCa Ⅱ cells increases, apoptosis decreases.

Key words: 
Pancreatic neoplasms;  Vascular endothelial growth factor;  Phenotype
“Reality” TV: Portrayals of Labor and Birth in a Mainstream Reality Series One Born Every Minute (2016)

Today, the birthing process is predominantly medicalized in the United States. Compounding this phenomenon is the media, which has a strong influence on people’s perceptions, attitudes, and behavior, and can serve to reinforce cultural norms—specifically, mainstream media disproportionately promotes medicalized birth. The media often portrays labor and birth as a dangerous affair, and as a result, may contribute to the culture of fear around labor and birth. In this feminist, qualitative media analysis, we examined women’s experiences giving birth on a popular reality television series called One Born Every Minute. We analyzed how women’s births are portrayed in four episodes, paying close attention to the frequency of perceived danger and who identifies as the decision maker. We asked two questions to guide our study: 1) How often is birth portrayed as dangerous in the reality television show One Born Every Minute? and 2) Who are presented as decision makers during labor and birth? We found that labor and birth are more frequently portrayed as dangerous than not, and that women are most often the least empowered to make decisions during labor and birth, after their doctors and family members. This analysis reflects popular beliefs about labor and delivery and sheds light on the disempowerment of mothers in labor and birth.
Multi-version memory: software cache management for concurrent B-trees (2002)

The authors describe a new concurrent B-tree algorithm. The algorithm is designed to work well in large-scale parallel or distributed systems in which the number of processors sharing the tree is large or the communication delay between processors (or between processors and the global memory for a shared-memory system) is large relative to the speed of local computation. The basis of the algorithm is an abstraction that is similar to coherent shared memory, but provides a weaker semantics; this abstraction is called multiversion memory. Multi-version memory uses caches but weakens the semantics of ordinary shared memory by allowing process reading data to be given an old version of the data. This semantics is adequate for the non-leaf nodes in the B-tree algorithms presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase, Growth Disorders, and Cancer (2018)

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is involved in multiple cell processes, including insulin signaling, cell growth, immunity, and brain development. It is activated in a wide variety of cancers and is being targeted as a treatment, with notable success in lymphoma.
Memory tagging in Charm++ (2008)

Many scientific applications are logically decomposed into modules. each module performing a different type of computation. These modules are then linked together inside the same executable. While these modules are logically independent, they are not physically independent: a faulty module can corrupt the state of another one.
Efficient Blind Spectral Unmixing of Fluorescently Labeled Samples Using Multi-Layer Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (2013)

The ample variety of labeling dyes and staining methods available in fluorescence microscopy has enabled biologists to advance in the understanding of living organisms at cellular and molecular level. When two or more fluorescent dyes are used in the same preparation, or one dye is used in the presence of autofluorescence, the separation of the fluorescent emissions can become problematic. Various approaches have been recently proposed to solve this problem. Among them, blind non-negative matrix factorization is gaining interest since it requires little assumptions about the spectra and concentration of the fluorochromes. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm for blind spectral separation that addresses some of the shortcomings of existing solutions: namely, their dependency on the initialization and their slow convergence. We apply this new algorithm to two relevant problems in fluorescence microscopy: autofluorescence elimination and spectral unmixing of multi-labeled samples. Our results show that our new algorithm performs well when compared with the state-of-the-art approaches for a much faster implementation.
Biometric-enabled authentication in 3G/WLAN systems (2005)

This paper proposes a secure and privacy friendly protocol, called Bio4G, for biometric-enabled authentication in combined 3G/WLAN systems. Bio4G provides real end-to-end strong user authentication to the mobile operator, requiring no storing or transferring of biometric data and eliminating the need for biometric enrolment and administration procedures, which are time-consuming for the user and expensive for the mobile and WLAN operators
Bearingless Segment Motor With Five Stator Elements—Design and Optimization (2009)

Bearingless motors and active magnetic bearings work completely contactless and wearless. With these properties, hermetically sealed and lubricant-free rotating systems for various applications can be designed. It is possible to stabilize three degrees of freedom by reluctance forces when a permanent-magnet excited rotor disc is used. Hence, only the remaining three degrees of freedom are actively controlled. A subtype of this constructional design called bearingless slice motor is the bearingless segment motor. This paper comprises the design process of a bearingless segment motor with five equal stator elements and concentrated windings. Finite-element simulations are applied to maximize the bearing forces and the motor torque per ampere and minimize the reluctance forces. However, the mathematical model of the system is nonlinear, therefore, an appropriate nonlinear control scheme has to be applied to put the system into operation. The introduction of a prototype, together with first measurements, completes the paper.
NINO: an ultrafast low-power front-end amplifier discriminator for the time-of-flight detector in the ALICE experiment (2004)

An ultrafast front-end preamplifier-discriminator chip called NINO has been developed for use in the ALICE time-of-flight detector. The chip has eight channels. Each channel is designed with an amplifier with less than 1-ns peaking time, a discriminator with a minimum detection threshold of 10 fC and an output stage. The output pulse has minimum time jitter (less than 25 ps) on the front edge, and the pulsewidth is dependent of the input signal charge. Each channel consumes 27 mW, and the eight channels fit in a 2/spl times/4 mm/sup 2/ ASIC processed in IBM 0.25-/spl mu/m CMOS technology.
Survival after squamous cell and basal cell carcinoma of the skin: A retrospective cohort analysis (2015)

A retrospective cohort analysis of survival after keratinocyte cancer (KC) was conducted using data from a large, population-based case-control study of KC in New Hampshire. The original study collected detailed information during personal interviews between 1993 and 2002 from individuals with squamous (SCC) and basal (BCC) cell carcinoma, and controls identified through the Department of Transportation, frequency-matched on age and sex. Participants without a history of non-skin cancer at enrolment were followed as a retrospective cohort to assess survival after either SCC or BCC, or a reference date for controls. Through 2009, cancers were identified from the New Hampshire State Cancer Registry and self-report; death information was obtained from state death certificate files and the National Death Index. There were significant differences in survival between those with SCC, BCC and controls (p = 0.040), with significantly greater risk of mortality after SCC compared to controls (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.25; 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.54). Mortality after BCC was not significantly altered (HR 0.96; 95% CI 0.77-1.19). The excess mortality after SCC persisted after adjustment for numerous personal risk factors including time-varying non-skin cancer occurrence, age, sex and smoking. Survival from the date of the intervening cancer, however, did not vary (HR for SCC 0.98; 95% CI 0.70-1.38). Mortality also remained elevated when individuals with subsequent melanoma were excluded (HR for SCC 1.30; 95% CI 1.05-1.61). Increased mortality after SCC cannot be explained by the occurrence of intervening cancers, but may reflect a more general predisposition to life threatening illness that merits further investigation.
Individualization of Tamoxifen Treatment for Breast Carcinoma (2012)

Traditionally, all patients treated with tamoxifen receive a standard dose. A number of studies claimed a clinically relevant impact of cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) genotype on outcome, and therefore genotyping before tamoxifen therapy was advocated. Recent data showed that adequate exposure to the active metabolite endoxifen is important and that genotype only partially explains interindividual differences in endoxifen concentrations. Phenotyping approaches, as well as therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) strategies, are now being tested to individualize tamoxifen treatment.
Relationships between C<sub>6</sub>−C<sub>12</sub> Alkanal and Alkenal Volatile Contents and Resistance of Maize Genotypes to <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> and Aflatoxin Production (1996)

An association was found between C6−C12 alkanal and alkenal volatile contents in several maize genotypes and aflatoxin contamination. Volatiles generated from untreated, ground, field resistant (R) maize kernels contained in an inverted lid of a Petri dish affected growth and aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus when spores were inoculated on potato dextrose agar in a closed, sealed Petri dish assay. Volatiles from the ground maize genotypes were purged onto Tenax columns and analyzed by GC/MS; C6−C12 aldehydes were more prominent in the GC/MS total ion chromatograms of the R genotypes. Maize genotypes that exhibited a greater inhibition of aflatoxin production in the inverted lid assay also exhibited a larger concentration of linoleic acid in their fatty acid profiles. These results suggest the correlation of decay products of polyunsaturated fatty acids and plant disease resistance and indicate that the lipoxygenase pathway may contribute to this resistance. Keywords: Lipoxygenase products; volatiles; aldehydes; antifungal; aflatoxin
Relationship between stacking-fault energy and x-ray measurements of stacking-fault probability and microstrain (1974)

Stacking-fault energies can be determined by measuring the positions and profiles of x-ray diffraction lines. Use of this method has been hampered by the uncertainty of the relationship between stacking-fault energy and the ratio of microstrain to stacking-fault probability. Microstrains and stacking-fault probabilities have been determined for five fcc metals by x-ray diffraction line profile analysis. For these metals, Ag, Au, Cu, Al, and Ni, stacking-fault energies have been estimated from a comprehensive updated review of the experimental literature. A linear correlation does exist between γ and 〈ε502〉111/α and thus, the x-ray technique can be applied more confidently. The possible role of elastic anisotropy is also considered.
Optical glass fabrication technology 2: Relationship between surface roughness and subsurface damage (1987)

For glass grinding conditions where fracture is the principal mechanism, a constancy is found between the depths of surface roughness and subsurface damage. For a range of experimental conditions we find the ratio of subsurface damage to surface roughness to be 6.2-6.4 for bound diamond abrasive grinding. This is larger than the value reported for loose abrasive grinding (3.7-4.0). The constancy of this value has great practical importance. From a measurement of the surface roughness one can obtain an accurate estimate of the damage layer thickness that must be eliminated by polishing or subsequent grinding operations.
<i>Response</i> : Dopamine Receptors and Average Clinical Doses (1976)

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Functional cloning and characterization of a UDP- glucuronic acid decarboxylase: The pathogenic fungus <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> elucidates UDP-xylose synthesis (2001)

UDP-xylose is a sugar donor required for the synthesis of diverse and important glycan structures in animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria. Xylose-containing glycans are particularly abundant in plants and in the polysaccharide capsule that is the major virulence factor of the pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. Biosynthesis of UDP-xylose is mediated by UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase, which converts UDP-glucuronic acid to UDP-xylose. Although this enzymatic activity was described over 40 years ago it has never been fully purified, and the gene encoding it has not been identified. We used homology to a bacterial gene, hypothesized to encode a related function, to identify a cryptococcal sequence as putatively encoding a UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase. A soluble 47-kDa protein derived from bacteria expressing the C. neoformans gene catalyzed conversion of UDP-glucuronic acid to UDP-xylose, as confirmed by NMR analysis. NADH, UDP, and UDP-xylose inhibit the activity. Close homologs of the cryptococcal gene, which we termed UXS1, appear in genome sequence data from organisms ranging from bacteria to humans.
Helmet Tracker System Using Stereo Cameras (2006)

This paper presents the helmet tracker system which can estimate the position and attitude of the pilot's helmet even though the shape and the number of obtained features vary. The helmet tracker algorithms consist of the feature detection and 3D motion estimation algorithm. The feature detection algorithm predicts the position of the feature on the 2D image plane by using the result of the 3D motion estimation algorithm and it extracts a center point of a feature through the digital image processing technique. Then, this algorithm gets the correspondence point of the features from the both left and right image pairs. As a result, the helmet tracker can operate regardless of the helmet's attitude and position. Finally, the 3D motion estimation algorithm using the extended Kalman filter is presented. The filter consists of nine state variables such as three positions, three velocities and three angular rate of the head frame with respect to the camera reference frame. The rotational experiment using the accurate rate table is carried out to verify the performance of the helmet tracker system. The experimental result shows that the proposed helmet tracker can extend the working volume and be operated at the dynamic environment
Metrics and similarity measures for hidden Markov models. (1999)

Hidden Markov models were introduced in the beginning of the 1970's as a tool in speech recognition. During the last decade they have been found useful in addressing problems in computational biology such as characterising sequence families, gene finding, structure prediction and phylogenetic analysis. In this paper we propose several measures between hidden Markov models. We give an efficient algorithm that computes the measures for left-right models, e.g. profile hidden Markov models, and briefly discuss how to extend the algorithm to other types of models. We present an experiment using the measures to compare hidden Markov models for three classes of signal peptides.
F‐xy Cadzow noise suppression (2008)

Cadzow filtering has previously been applied to constant‐frequency slices along one spatial dimension to remove random noise from seismic traces. Here I extend Cadzow filtering to two or more spatial dimensions. The resulting method is superior to both f‐xy prediction (deconvolution) and projection filtering, especially for very noisy data. In particular, it preserves signal better and can be made far stronger.
New inorganic scintillators on the basis of LBO glass for neutron registration (2005)

Undoped lithium borate glasses and those doped with Сu, Се, Sm, Eu, Тb, Тm, Yb have been synthesized; the optical and luminescence properties thereof have been determined as well as some scintillation characteristics at registration of neutrons (Eₙ ≤ 10 MeV) and of the ⁶⁰Со у radiation. The lithium borate glassy scintillators have been established in experiment to have a high sensitivity to neutrons and to be suitable to record selectively neutrons in mixed radiation fields. The results obtained evidence that such scintillators can be an alternative of promise to the known neutron detectors based on gases, liquids, plastics, and crystals.
Signal-space characterization of iterative decoding (2001)

By tracing the flow of computations in the iterative decoders for low-density parity-check codes, we formulate a signal-space view for a finite number of iterations in a finite-length code. On a Gaussian channel, maximum a posteriori (MAP) codeword decoding (or "maximum-likelihood decoding") decodes to the codeword signal that is closest to the channel output in Euclidean distance. In contrast, we show that iterative decoding decodes to the "pseudosignal" that has highest correlation with the channel output. The set of pseudosignals corresponds to "pseudocodewords", only a vanishingly small number of which correspond to codewords. We show that some pseudocodewords cause decoding errors, but that there are also pseudocodewords that frequently correct the deleterious effects of other pseudocodewords.
Investigation of Sliding-Surface Design on the Performance of Sliding Mode Controller in Antilock Braking Systems (2008)

Sliding mode control (SMC) has widely been employed in the development of a wheel-slip controller because of its effectiveness in applications for nonlinear systems as well as its performance robustness on parametric and modeling uncertainties. The design of a sliding surface strongly influences the overall behavior of the SMC system due to the discontinuous switching of control force in the vicinity of a sliding surface that produces chattering. This paper investigates the effects of sliding-surface design on the performance of an SMC-based antilock braking system (ABS), including a brake-torque limitation, an actuator time delay, and a tire-force buildup. Different sliding-surface designs commonly used in ABS were compared, and an alternative sliding-surface design that improves convergence speed and oscillation damping around the target slip has been proposed. An 8-degree-of-freedom (dof) nonlinear vehicle model was developed for this paper, and the effects of brake-system parameter variations, such as a brake actuator time constant, target slip ratios, an abrupt road friction change, and road friction noises, were also assessed.
Cells Process Exogenous Proteins for Recognition by Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (1988)

Cells exposed to intact, noninfectious influenza virus were shown to be recognized by class I-restricted anti-influenza cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Both internal and external proteins derived from virions were processed by cells for CTL recognition. Sensitization required the inactivation of viral neuraminidase activity and could be inhibited by preventing fusion of viral and cellular membranes. These findings are important in designing vaccines to elicit CTL responses, since they demonstrate that cells can process intact, exogenous proteins for recognition by CTLs and suggest that such processing depends on introduction of exogenous proteins into the cytoplasm.
VidLoc: A Deep Spatio-Temporal Model for 6-DoF Video-Clip Relocalization (2017)

Machine learning techniques, namely convolutional neural networks (CNN) and regression forests, have recently shown great promise in performing 6-DoF localization of monocular images. However, in most cases image-sequences, rather only single images, are readily available. To this extent, none of the proposed learning-based approaches exploit the valuable constraint of temporal smoothness, often leading to situations where the per-frame error is larger than the camera motion. In this paper we propose a recurrent model for performing 6-DoF localization of video-clips. We find that, even by considering only short sequences (20 frames), the pose estimates are smoothed and the localization error can be drastically reduced. Finally, we consider means of obtaining probabilistic pose estimates from our model. We evaluate our method on openly-available real-world autonomous driving and indoor localization datasets.
A Closed-Loop State Estimation Tool for MV Network Monitoring and Operation (2014)

This paper discusses the design and simulation of an integrated load forecasting and state estimation tool for distribution system operations. A predictive database is created and applied to forecast future network states in order to allow short-term (e.g., hours/days ahead) planning to be carried out. The predictive database is based on adaptive nonlinear auto-regressive exogenous (NARX) load estimation and forecasting models, which are continuously updated using feedback from the state estimator. This creates a closed-loop information flow designed to continuously monitor and improve the system state estimation performance by updating and retraining models where appropriate. The aim of this methodology is to improve situational awareness and help to provide network operators with early warning of potential issues, in medium voltage (MV) networks where the number of on-line measurements is limited, and state estimation relies heavily on estimates of power injections. The applicability of the approach is demonstrated through simulation using supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) and smart meter measurements recorded from an actual MV distribution network.
Design of an integrated services <i>packet</i> network (1985)

The Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) has been proposed as a way of providing integrated voice and data communications services on a universal or near-universal basis. In this paper, I argue that the evolutionary approach inherent in current ISDN proposals is unlikely to provide an effective long term solution and advocate a more revolutionary approach, based on the use of advanced packet switching technology. The bulk of this paper is devoted to a detailed description of an Integrated Services Pocket Network (ISPN), which I offer as an alternative to current ISDN proposals.