gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Method for oxygen reduction in a uranium-recovery process. [US DOE patent application] (1981)

An improvement in effecting uranium recovery from phosphoric acid solutions is provided by sparging dissolved oxygen contained in solutions and solvents used in a reductive stripping stage with an effective volume of a nonoxidizing gas before the introduction of the solutions and solvents into the stage. Effective volumes of nonoxidizing gases, selected from the group consisting of argon, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, helium, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur dioxide, and mixtures thereof, displace oxygen from the solutions and solvents thereby reduce deleterious effects of oxygen such as excessive consumption of elemental or ferrous iron and accumulation of complex iron phosphates or cruds.
High Throughput Sequencing of the Human Antibody Repertoire in Response to Influenza Vaccination (58.14) (2012)

Abstract Despite the many advances in personal genome analysis, the immunoglobulin repertoire of the genome, while central to human health, is in practice extraordinarily challenging to measure and analyze. There are several reasons for this, including the facts that each B cell contains a distinct antibody sequence encoded in its genome, that the antibody repertoire is not constant but changes over time, and the high similarity between antibody sequences. We have addressed this challenge by using high-throughput long read sequencing to perform immunogenetic characterization of expressed human antibody repertoires. Informatic analysis of large numbers of antibody heavy chain sequences from individual subjects allowed us to perform global characterizations of isotype distributions, clonal lineage structure of the repertoire and age-related mutational activity. With influenza vaccination as a specific stimulus, we used lineage analysis to measure the clonal structure and mutational distribution of individuals’ repertoires; analysis of this data showed that elderly subjects have a decreased number of lineages but an increased pre-vaccination mutation load in their repertoire and that some of these subjects have an oligoclonal character to their repertoire in which the diversity of the lineages is greatly reduced relative to younger subjects. These analyses may ultimately be useful as metrics to measure vaccine response and to further understand impaired immune function in aging.
Optimal Atlas Registration and Resting State Functional Architecture in Patients with Glioblastoma (2022)

Abstract Using resting-state fMRI is a challenge in patients with large tumors owing to mass effect and potentially altered representation of function, i.e., remapping. The best approach to atlas registration in tumor patients remains uncertain. In this work, we investigated the effects of alternative approaches to atlas registration on resting-state fMRI functional connectivity in glioblastoma (GBM) patients and studied the impact of GBM on functional brain organization. We analyzed data representing 59 GBM patients and 161 age-matched healthy subjects and systemically investigated affine vs. non-linear atlas registration and two associated masking options. Outcomes were assessed both in terms of structural data match to an atlas template as well as functional connectivity (FC) match to a reference dataset. Next, we evaluated the impact of GBMs on the organization of brain networks accounting for the hierarchical organization of resting state networks. Our results demonstrate that non-linear atlas registration with tumor masking optimizes both structural normalization and FC mapping. The aberrancy map results, obtained with fine parcellations, are consistent with prior findings showing that FC abnormalities induced by focal lesions are widely distributed. However, the results obtained with coarse parcellations indicate that functional architecture is grossly normal in tumor patients.
General distributed secondary control for multi‐microgrids with both PQ‐controlled and droop‐controlled distributed generators (2016)

A novel general distributed secondary control (DSC) scheme is proposed to implement coordination control for both droop‐controlled and active power and reactive power (PQ)‐controlled distributed generator (DG)‐clusters in multi‐microgrids (MMGs), using cluster concept. It not only reduces the steady‐state derivation caused by primary droop control, but also brings the whole MMG into a new optimised operation state in the secondary control. The implementation of the DSC is accomplished based on the protocol combining pinning control and in‐group and inter‐group information exchange of multi‐agent system. Accordingly, the DSC of the MMG is converted to the distributed multiple DG‐clusters control, and the control process is tuned to tracking group synchronisation to pinning‐based anticipative consensus in DG‐clusters. In this way, the implementation of many MMG functions, such as global coordination among MGs, local autonomy in an MG, reliability, scalability, and self‐healing are all simplified. Meanwhile, the dimensions of control and the number of controllers are dramatically reduced by pinning control. In addition, the requirements for a central controller and complex communication topologies are obviated. Simulation results are presented and discussed to illustrate the effectiveness, adaptability and advantages of the proposed control.
Shift-based pattern matching for compressed web traffic (2011)

Compressing web traffic using standard GZIP is becoming both popular and challenging due to the huge increase in wireless web devices, where bandwidth is limited. Security and other content based networking devices are required to decompress the traffic of tens of thousands concurrent connections in order to inspect the content for different signatures. The overhead imposed by the decompression inhibits most devices from handling compressed traffic, which in turn either limits traffic compression or introduces security holes and other dysfunctionalities. The ACCH algorithm was the first to present a unified approach to pattern matching and decompression, by taking advantage of information gathered in the decompression phase to accelerate the pattern matching. ACCH accelerated the DFA-based Aho-Corasick multi-pattern matching algorithm. In this paper, we present a novel algorithm, SPC (Shift-based Pattern matching for Compressed traffic) that accelerates the commonly used Wu-Manber pattern matching algorithm. SPC is simpler and has higher throughput and lower storage overhead than ACCH. Analysis of real web traffic and real security devices signatures shows that we can skip scanning up to 87.5% of the data and gain performance boost of more than 51% as compared to ACCH. Moreover, the additional storage requirement of the technique requires only 4KB additional information per connection as compared to 8KB of ACCH.
Highly Efficient Yb-doped Laser Fiber Synthesized by Vapor-phase Doping Technique (2014)

High power fiber lasers have become an area of active interest for several industrial, medical and strategic applications. The key component of a high power fiber laser module operating at around 1 μm is Ytterbium (Yb) doped optical fiber of large mode area (LMA) structure with high RE concentration and uniform dopant distribution [1]. In this context, vapor phase technique based on high temperature sublimation of RE chelate compounds has shown high potential compared to conventional solution doping method. Recently, high success has been reported in producing good quality fibers employing this technique [2]. In this paper, the performance of Yb–doped fibers fabricated through vapor phase doping technique is reported.
Time- and wavelength-division multiplexing of FBG sensors using a semiconductor optical amplifier in ring cavity configuration (2005)

A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system based on a semiconductor optical amplifier connected in a ring cavity configuration is proposed. The proposed configuration produces high power signal with good extinction ratio for FBGs with /spl sim/1% reflectivity. A sensor system consists of four group of three FBGs of different wavelengths was constructed to demonstrate time- and wavelength-division multiplexing of FBG sensors.
<title>Modeling of three-level laser superfluorescent fiber sources</title> (1991)

A large signal model of three-level superfluorescent sources (SFS''s) is presented. It is found that due to the ground state signal absorption present in three-level systems theoretical backward signal quantum efficiencies well in excess of the limit of 0. 5 exhibited by four-level systems can be achieved. Feedback is also studied and it is shown that when used in high feedback applications SFS ''s may require the use of an optical isolator.
Abstract 4397: Therapeutic microRNA agaisnt KRAS mutant colorectal cancer (2014)

Abstract Background: The anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies are the molecular target drugs, dependent on v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) mutations status in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody based chemotherapy is the standard treatment for mCRC with KRAS wild-type. However, the issue of resistance to this therapy in CRC with KRAS mutations (approximately 50% of CRC) remains unresolved. The aim of this study is to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) that govern the resistance to anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody in CRC with KRAS mutations. Experimental Design: We first established the KRAS mutant cell model using HEK293 and MRC5 cells by introducing KRASG12V plasmid. The miRNA expression profiles were compared between these cells using miRNA microarray analysis. We selected the candidate a miRNA which down-regulates the downstream signal of KRAS using luciferase reporter assays. Assessment of target genes of the candidate a miRNA was performed in vitro. Next, anti-tumor effects by supplement of a miRNA were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Results: We picked up miRNAs, of which expressions decreased in both HEK293 and MRC5 cells by introduction of KRASG12V plasmid in miRNA array analysis. Among them, administration of mature-miR-X suppressed SRE and AP1 activity in KRAS mutant CRC cell lines such as DLD1G13D, SW480 G12V, and HCT116 G13D using dual luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, miR-X regulated not only Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway but also suppressed PI3K/Akt pathway in vitro. Administration of mature-miR-X suppressed proliferation and induced apoptosis of the CRC cell lines with KRAS mutations in vitro. Systemic mature-miR-X administration into tail veins of nude mice significantly inhibited the growth of pre-established DLD1G13D xenografts. miR-X level was significantly lower in tumor tissues compared to normal mucosa. Conclusions: miR-X may overcome anti-EGFR therapy resistance in CRC with KRAS mutations by regulating Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway and PI3K/Akt pathway. Our data suggests that miR-X could be suitable for a novel therapy for mCRC patients with KRAS mutations. Citation Format: Masayuki Hiraki, Junichi Nishimura, Mamoru Uemura, Taishi Hata, Ichiro Takemasa, Tsunekazu Mizushima, Hirofumi Yamamoto, Yuichiro Doki, Masaki Mori. Therapeutic microRNA agaisnt KRAS mutant colorectal cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4397. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4397
Coaxial holographic data storage without recording the dc components (2006)

A technique of recovering the data pages from Fourier holograms recorded without the dc components is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally by use of a coaxial holographic storage system. A reconstructed image is obtained by adding a phase-modulated dc component of the signal beam on reading. The bit error rate of the reconstructed image is comparable with that for the hologram recorded with the dc component as well. Since high intensities of the dc components are not recorded in this technique, the dynamic range of the recording media can be saved, which potentially contributes to increasing the number of multiplexed holograms.
Fiber optic vibration sensor for remote monitoring in high power electric machines (1989)

A novel fiber optic vibration sensor is presented, based on the motion detection of an elastic cantilever by means of the optical triangulation technique. The sensor was designed to work at a fixed frequency of 100 Hz for applications in high power electrical plants where insulation and EM immunity requirements make fiber optic sensing the most suitable choice. The working linear range reaches a peak amplitude of 0.25 mm; resolution is 0.1 microm; accuracy is better than +/-3%; and sensitivity is 10 mV/microm. Design details and experimental results are reported.
NormalTouch and TextureTouch (2016)

We present an investigation of mechanically-actuated hand-held controllers that render the shape of virtual objects through physical shape displacement, enabling users to feel 3D surfaces, textures, and forces that match the visual rendering. We demonstrate two such controllers, NormalTouch and TextureTouch, which are tracked in 3D and produce spatially-registered haptic feedback to a user's finger. NormalTouch haptically renders object surfaces and provides force feedback using a tiltable and extrudable platform. TextureTouch renders the shape of virtual objects including detailed surface structure through a 4×4 matrix of actuated pins. By moving our controllers around while keeping their finger on the actuated platform, users obtain the impression of a much larger 3D shape by cognitively integrating output sensations over time. Our evaluation compares the effectiveness of our controllers with the two de-facto standards in Virtual Reality controllers: device vibration and visual feedback only. We find that haptic feedback significantly increases the accuracy of VR interaction, most effectively by rendering high-fidelity shape output as in the case of our controllers.
Reinforcement Learning Based Text Style Transfer without Parallel Training Corpus (2019)

Hongyu Gong, Suma Bhat, Lingfei Wu, JinJun Xiong, Wen-mei Hwu. Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Volume 1 (Long and Short Papers). 2019.
Robust, compact implementation of an off-axis digital holographic microscope (2015)

Recent advances in digital technologies, such as high-speed computers and large-format digital imagers, have led to a burgeoning interest in the science and engineering of digital holographic microscopy (DHM). Here we report on a novel off-axis DHM, based on a twin-beam optical design, which avoids the limitations of prior systems, and provides many advantages, including compactness, intrinsic stability, robustness against misalignment, ease of use, and cost. These advantages are traded for a physically constrained sample volume, as well as a fixed fringe spacing. The first trade is not overly restrictive for most applications, and the latter provides for a pre-set assembly alignment that optimizes the spatial frequency sampling. Moreover, our new design supports use in both routine laboratory settings as well as extreme environments without any sacrifice in performance, enabling ready observation of microbial species in the field. The instrument design is presented in detail here, along with a demonstration of bacterial video imaging at sub-micrometer resolution at temperatures down to -15 °C.
Processing Nanostructured Sensors Using Microfabrication Techniques (2010)

Standard microfabrication techniques can be implemented and scaled to help assemble nanoscale microsensors. Currently nanostructures are often deposited onto materials primarily by adding them to a solution, then applying the solution in a thin film. This results in random placement of the nanostructures with no controlled order, and no way to accurately reproduce the placement. This method changes the means by which microsensors with nanostructures are fabricated. The fundamental advantage to this approach is that it enables standard microfabrication techniques to be applied in the repeated manufacture of nanostructured sensors on a microplatform.
Recursive Context Propagation Network for Semantic Scene Labeling (2014)

We propose a deep feed-forward neural network architecture for pixel-wise semantic scene labeling. It uses a novel recursive neural network architecture for context propagation, referred to as rCPN. It first maps the local visual features into a semantic space followed by a bottom-up aggregation of local information into a global representation of the entire image. Then a top-down propagation of the aggregated information takes place that enhances the contextual information of each local feature. Therefore, the information from every location in the image is propagated to every other location. Experimental results on Stanford background and SIFT Flow datasets show that the proposed method outperforms previous approaches. It is also orders of magnitude faster than previous methods and takes only 0.07 seconds on a GPU for pixel-wise labeling of a 256 x 256 image starting from raw RGB pixel values, given the super-pixel mask that takes an additional 0.3 seconds using an off-the-shelf implementation.
Dynamic FEM analysis of multiple cmut cells in immersion (2005)

This paper reports on the accurate modeling of immersion capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (cMUTs) using a time-domain, nonlinear FEM package. A cMUT device consists of many cells. In this paper, a square membrane was used as the unit cell to cover the transducer area by periodic replication on the surface. The FEM calculations were used to analyze the nonlinear operation regimes of the cMUT. Nonlinear operation regimes (collapsed and collapse-snapback) provided higher acoustic output pressures than the conventional operation. The FEM calculations were compared to transmit experiment results performed with a hydrophone, and good agreement was observed.
Development of Inverse Design System for Supersonic Natural Laminar Flow Wing on High Reynolds Number Condition (2016)

A natural laminar flow wing was designed using a computational-fluid-dynamics-based inverse design method of supersonic transport at high-Reynolds number condition to reduce the friction drag of a large supersonic commercial transport. Design of the higher Reynolds number condition is more difficult than the lower Reynolds number condition because a target pressure distribution that can achieve natural laminar flow has steeper pressure gradients at the leading edge than a low Reynolds number condition. This study improved the conventional natural laminar flow design method by inverse design starting from a low-Reynolds number condition design, variable smoothing strength, the modified trailing edge closing method, and so on. The improved inverse design method was applied to a large supersonic transport with 300 passengers at the condition of Mach 2.0 and high Reynolds number of approximately 126 million based on the mean aerodynamic chord. The results and the effects of the improved natural laminar flow design are described here in.
Optical Pulse Compression Reflectometry Based on Double Sideband Modulation (2016)

We propose a novel scheme of optical pulse compression reflectometry (OPCR) based on double sideband modulation (DSBM). Owing to the use of DSBM in the novel scheme, the cost-effectiveness and the stability of the OPCR are essentially enhanced. The working principle and the theoretical analysis are demonstrated. Experiment is conducted to verify that the performance of the DSBM-based OPCR is comparable with that based on single sideband modulation. Large measurement range over 58 km with high spatial resolution of 10 cm is experimentally achieved.
Fundamental study on laser spraying. Report 4. ; Estimation of stability of spraying. Laser yosha ni kansuru kisoteki kenkyu. 4. ; Spray no anteisei no ichikosatsu (1994)

An attempt was made to evaluate the stability of spraying by observing the temperature and shape of the tip of titanium wire which was molten by the laser beam using an infrared radiation thermometer and a high speed video camera. The wire tip temperature was measured by changing the wire feed speed. The results showed that the spray conditions could be classified into the following three: (1) unstable spray with a big temperature variation, (2) stable spray with a small temperature variation, and (3) stable spray with a relatively big temperature variation. In the cases of (1) and (2), the visual observation of spray corresponded well to the temperature variation. In the case of (3), a stabilized temperature-time curve was obtained by changing slightly the set position of thermometer, suggesting that the visual observation of spray could agree with the temperature variation at the wire tip. It is clarified that the visual observation virtually represents the spray condition, and it can be judged by an infrared radiation thermometer, too. 2 refs., 5 figs.
Nutritional Studies on Xanthan Production by <i>Xanthomonas campestris</i> NRRL B1459 (1979)

The nutritional requirements of Xanthomonas campestris NRRL B1459 for optimal xanthan production were studied in a chemically defined medium. Of the carbon sources tested, a 4% sucrose or glucose medium yielded the highest xanthan titers. The further addition of certain organic acids, such as succinate, pyruvate, and alpha-ketoglutarate, stimulated xanthan production; excess concentrations of these organic acids inhibited xanthan formation. Certain amino acids (e.g., glutamate) and nitrate salts were superior to ammonium salts for xanthan production. Concentrations of these nitrogen sources higher than the optimal levels inhibited xanthan production while stimulating growth. Xanthan production was also sensitive to high concentrations of inorganic phosphate. High xanthan potencies, up to 30 g/kg of broth, were achieved in these shake-flask studies, in which completely defined media were used.
Kalman Smoothing for Irregular Pilot Patterns; A Case Study for Predictor Antennas in TDD Systems (2018)

For future large-scale multi-antenna systems, channel orthogonal downlink pilots are not feasible due to extensive overhead requirements. Instead, channel reciprocity can be utilized in time division duplex (TDD) systems so that the downlink channel estimates can be based on pilots transmitted during the uplink. User mobility affects the reciprocity and makes the channel state information outdated for high velocities and/or long downlink subframe durations. Channel extrapolation, e.g. through Kalman prediction, can reduce the problem but is also limited by high velocities and long downlink subframes. An alternative solution has been proposed where channel predictions are made with the help of an extra antenna, e.g. on the roof of a car, so called predictor antenna, with the primary objective to measure the channel at a position that is later encountered by the rearward antenna(s). The predictor antenna is not directly limited by high velocities and allows the channel in the downlinks to be interpolated rather than extrapolated. One remaining challenge here is to obtain a good interpolation of the uplink channel estimate, since a sequence of uplink reference signals (pilots) will be interrupted by downlink subframes. We here evaluate a Kalman smoothing estimate of the downlink channels and compare it to a cubic spline interpolation. These results are also compared to results where uplink channels are estimated through Kalman filters and predictors. Results are based on measured channels and show that with Kalman smoothing, predictor antennas can enable accurate channel estimates for a longer downlink period at vehicular velocities. The gaps in the uplink pilot stream, due to downlink subframes, can have durations that correspond to a vehicle movement of up to 0.75 carrier wavelengths in space, for Rayleigh-like non-line-of-sight fading.