gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Image-based photorealistic 3-D face modeling (2004)

In this paper, we describe an automatic system for 3-D photorealistic face modeling from frontal and profile images taken by an uncalibrated handheld digital camera. The system employs a generic model adaptation framework. That is, after the fiducial features are detected from both images, a generic head model is deformed to match with the detected features. Realistic texture is created by combining the augmented facial textures from input images and synthesized texture, and mapped onto the deformed generic head model. Our shape deformation and texture generation algorithms have several advantages: (1) they generate photorealistic models even when the orthogonal assumption of input image pairs is not satisfied; (2) the generated ear has very accurate smooth shape and improves the quality of the whole face model dramatically; (3) a few supportive techniques on texture processing are employed to improve the visual quality.
Video Frame Interpolation via Adaptive Separable Convolution (2017)

Standard video frame interpolation methods first estimate optical flow between input frames and then synthesize an intermediate frame guided by motion. Recent approaches merge these two steps into a single convolution process by convolving input frames with spatially adaptive kernels that account for motion and re-sampling simultaneously. These methods require large kernels to handle large motion, which limits the number of pixels whose kernels can be estimated at once due to the large memory demand. To address this problem, this paper formulates frame interpolation as local separable convolution over input frames using pairs of 1D kernels. Compared to regular 2D kernels, the 1D kernels require significantly fewer parameters to be estimated. Our method develops a deep fully convolutional neural network that takes two input frames and estimates pairs of 1D kernels for all pixels simultaneously. Since our method is able to estimate kernels and synthesizes the whole video frame at once, it allows for the incorporation of perceptual loss to train the neural network to produce visually pleasing frames. This deep neural network is trained end-to-end using widely available video data without any human annotation. Both qualitative and quantitative experiments show that our method provides a practical solution to high-quality video frame interpolation.
Test access mechanism for chips with spare identical cores (2012)

Scalability, power-efficiency and shorter time-to-market due to design re-use have favored the adoption of homogeneous multi-core chips with identical processing units (cores) integrated together, offering enhanced computational power. Furthermore, chips with identical cores help cope with increasing defect rates in delivering reasonable yield levels via the utilization of spare cores. In this paper, we propose a comparison-based TAM that is capable of handling spare identical cores; the proposed TAM guarantees the test of a chip through minimum bandwidth in minimum test time, while ensuring no yield loss in the presence of spare identical cores, as its design is driven by the number of spare cores on the chip. The proposed solution also enables the identification of all the good cores in usable chips, supporting models where chips are priced based on number of good cores. We also extend the proposed TAM by adding efficient diagnostic features.
Direct-to-Reverberant Ratio Estimation on the ACE Corpus Using a Two-channel Beamformer (2015)

Direct-to-Reverberant Ratio (DRR) is an important measure for characterizing the properties of a room. The recently proposed DRR Estimation using a Null-Steered Beamformer (DENBE) algorithm was originally tested on simulated data where noise was artificially added to the speech after convolution with impulse responses simulated using the image-source method. This paper evaluates the performance of this algorithm on speech convolved with measured impulse responses and noise using the Acoustic Characterization of Environments (ACE) Evaluation corpus. The fullband DRR estimation performance of the DENBE algorithm exceeds that of the baselines in all Signal-to-Noise Ratios (SNRs) and noise types. In addition, estimation of the DRR in one third-octave ISO frequency bands is demonstrated.
Isolation and Characterization of Broadly Neutralizing Human Monoclonal Antibodies to the E1 Glycoprotein of Hepatitis C Virus (2007)

The relative importance of humoral and cellular immunity in the prevention or clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is poorly understood. However, there is considerable evidence that neutralizing antibodies are involved in disease control. Here we describe the detailed analysis of human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against HCV glycoprotein E1, which may have the potential to control HCV infection. We have identified two MAbs that can strongly neutralize HCV-pseudotyped particles (HCVpp) bearing the envelope glycoproteins of genotypes 1a, 1b, 4a, 5a, and 6a and less strongly neutralize HCVpp bearing the envelope glycoproteins of genotype 2a. Genotype 3a was not neutralized. The epitopes for both MAbs were mapped to the region encompassing amino acids 313 to 327. In addition, robust neutralization was also observed against cell culture-adapted viruses of genotypes 1a and 2a. Results from this study suggest that these MAbs may have the potential to prevent HCV infection.
Detecting a malicious executable without prior knowledge of its patterns (2005)

To detect malicious executables, often spread as email attachments, two types of algorithms are usually applied under instance-based statistical learning paradigms: (1) Signature-based template matching, which finds unique tell-tale characteristics of a malicious executable and thus is capable of matching those with known signatures; (2) Two-class supervised learning, which determines a set of features that allow benign and malicious patterns to occupy a disjoint regions in a feature vector space and thus probabilistically identifies malicious executables with the similar features. Nevertheless, given the huge potential variety of malicious executables, we cannot be confident that existing training sets adequately represent the class as a whole. In this study, we investigated the use of byte sequence frequencies to profile only benign data. The malicious executables are identified as outliers or anomalies that significantly deviate from the normal profile. A multivariate Gaussian likelihood model, fit with a Principal Component Analysis (PCA), was compared with a one-class Support Vector Machine (SVM) model for characterizing the benign executables. We found that the Gaussian model substantially outperformed the one-class SVM in its ability to distinguish malicious from benign files. Complementing to the capabilities in reliably detecting those malicious files with known or similar features using two aforementioned methods, the one-class unsupervised approach may provide another layer of safeguard in identifying those novel computer viruses.
A Strategy to Minimize Reactive Metabolite Formation: Discovery of (<i>S</i>)-4-(1-Cyclopropyl-2-methoxyethyl)-6-[6-(difluoromethoxy)-2,5-dimethylpyridin-3-ylamino]-5-oxo-4,5-dihydropyrazine-2-carbonitrile as a Potent, Orally Bioavailable Corticotropin-Releasing Factor-1 Receptor Antagonist (2009)

Detailed metabolic characterization of 8, an earlier lead pyrazinone-based corticotropin-releasing factor-1 (CRF(1)) receptor antagonist, revealed that this compound formed significant levels of reactive metabolites, as measured by in vivo and in vitro biotransformation studies. This was of particular concern due to the body of evidence suggesting that reactive metabolites may be involved in idiosyncratic drug reactions. Further optimization of the structure-activity relationships and in vivo properties of pyrazinone-based CRF(1) receptor antagonists and studies to assess the formation of reactive metabolites led to the discovery of 19e, a high affinity CRF(1) receptor antagonist (IC(50) = 0.86 nM) wherein GSH adducts were estimated to be only 0.1% of the total amount of drug-related material excreted through bile and urine, indicating low levels of reactive metabolite formation in vivo. A novel 6-(difluoromethoxy)-2,5-dimethylpyridin-3-amine group in 19e contributed to the potency and improved in vivo properties of this compound and related analogues. 19e had excellent pharmacokinetic properties in rats and dogs and showed efficacy in the defensive withdrawal model of anxiety in rats. The lowest efficacious dose was 1.8 mg/kg. The results of a two-week rat safety study with 19e indicated that this compound was well-tolerated.
Hardware-Friendly Compressive Imaging Based on Random Modulations & Permutations for Image Acquisition and Classification (2019)

This paper presents a new compressive sensing acquisition scheme well adapted for highly constrained hardware implementations. The proposed sensing model being basically designed to meet both theoretical (i.e., Restricted Isometry Property) and hardware requirements (i.e., power consumption, silicon footprint), is highly suitable for image sensors applications addressing both image rendering and embedded decision making tasks. In fact, for a pixels array, the proposed framework consists in applying for each row a random modulation ±1 and a random permutation of the pixels, and then averaging the outputs by column to extract a compressed vector. This model is shown to be relevant as it has the same theoretical performance as a randomly generated sensing scheme as well as a low silicon footprint for physical implementation. Various numerical results and a discussion on possible implementations will be presented to show the robustness and the efficiency of the proposed model.
Long-range synchronization of optomechanical structures (2011)

We theoretically and numerically demonstrate that long-range radiation force mediated mechanical coupling and synchronization arise in optomechanical systems. We propose a planar micro-optomechanical device that exhibits non-linear frequency and phase synchronization of two unlike mechanical resonators.
Effect of Cecal Cultures Encapsulated in Alginate Beads or Lyophilized in Skim Milk and Dietary Lactose on Salmonella Colonization in Broiler Chicks (1994)

Cultures of cecal bacteria that were grown under anaerobic conditions were prepared as lyophilized powder or encapsulated and lyophilized in alginate beads and compared with broth cultures for control of Salmonella typhimurium enteric colonization and for ease of delivery in four experiments. Day-old broiler chicks were provided a standard corn-soybean diet with: 1) no culture, no lactose (control); 2) dietary lactose; 3) broth culture by crop gavage; 4) culture in lyophilized powder; or 5) culture encapsulated and lyophilized in alginate beads. Two percent lactose (wt/wt) was included in the diet of chicks in Groups 2 to 5. The lyophilized powder was provided by mixing with the feed. Alginate beads were force-fed or top-dressed on the feed. All groups were challenged on Day 3 with 10(4) cfu of S. typhimurium per chick. Culture by gavage and culture in alginate beads and dietary lactose significantly (P < .05) reduced mean Salmonella colony-forming units in cecal contents by 3.4 to 5.3 log10 units at 10 d of age. Likewise, the number of cecal-culture-positive chicks in the groups provided culture by gavage or in beads was significantly less than controls. Eighty to 90% of the beads provided were consumed by the chicks within 2 h. The results indicated that cultures of cecal bacteria encapsulated and lyophilized in alginate beads were as effective as culture by crop gavage for the reduction of Salmonella colonization in broiler chicks and provide an effective and practical method of delivery.
Procedure for a Normalised Thyroxine Determination in Small Sephadex Columns (1978)

A rapid simple test for measuring normalised serum thyroxine is described in detail, using small Sephadex columns. A small portion of test serum is reintroduced into the test system at the competitive binding stage, so that corrected T4 values are obtained when the concentrations of thyroxine binding globulin are variable. Only 125 microliter serum is required for the whole test. Values obtained by the present method correlated well with the product of thyroxine concentration and radioactive T3 uptake (T4--RT3U index) and with a commercially available method for normalized thyroxine (T4N). Day-to-day variation was CV=6%.
Algorithms for computing Maximally Redundant Trees for IP/LDP Fast- Reroute (2013)

A complete solution for IP and LDP Fast-Reroute using Maximally
Redundant Trees is presented in [I-D.ietf-rtgwg-mrt-frr-
architecture]. This document defines the associated MRT Lowpoint
algorithm that is used in the default MRT profile to compute both the
necessary Maximally Redundant Trees with their associated next-hops
and the alternates to select for MRT-FRR.
Visualizing the robustness of query execution (2009)

In database query processing, actual run-time conditions (e.g., actual selectivities and actual available memory) very often differ from compile-time expectations of run-time conditions (e.g., estimated predicate selectivities and anticipated memory availability). Robustness of query processing can be defined as the ability to handle unexpected conditions. Robustness of query execution, specifically, can be defined as the ability to process a specific plan efficiently in an unexpected condition. We focus on query execution (run-time), ignoring query optimization (compile-time), in order to complement existing research and to explore untapped potential for improved robustness in database query processing. One of our initial steps has been to devise diagrams or maps that show how well plans perform in the face of varying run-time conditions and how gracefully a system's query architecture, operators, and their implementation degrade in the face of adverse conditions. In this paper, we show several kinds of diagrams with data from three real systems and report on what we have learned both about these visualization techniques and about the three database systems
Simple and Flexible Stack Types (2007)

Typed intermediate languages and typed assembly languages for optimiz-ing compilers require types to describe stack-allocated data. Previous type systems for stack data were either undecidable or did not treat arguments passed by reference. This paper presents a simple, sound, decidable type system expressive enough to support the Micro-CLI source language, includ-ing by-reference arguments. This type system safely expresses operations on aliased stack locations by using singleton pointers and a small subset of linear logic.
State-Selection in a Space-Time-State Block Coded MIMO Communication System Using Reconfigurable PIXEL Antennas (2008)

In this paper, we propose a novel Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) wireless communication system employing reconfigurable PIXEL antennas at the receiver. We design a Space-Time-State Block Coding scheme for the PIXEL-based reconfigurable MIMO system and propose optimal and ad hoc state-selection algorithms that achieve maximum diversity gains. Moreover, we prove that in state-selection schemes, contrary to antenna selection, there is no benefit in selecting more than one state. Furthermore, we discuss the gains of state-selection over the state-switching scheme proposed in [1]. Finally, we evaluate the theoretical findings through simulations. These simulations are conducted using a realistic channel model, that takes into account the radio-electric characteristics (radiation pattern, gain, efficiency, etc.) of the PIXEL antennas.
MONGOOSE: MONitoring Global Online Opinions via Semantic Extraction (2009)

The ever increasing amount of content on the Internet has fostered many efforts seeking to leverage this potentially yottascale information source. Service systems using advanced data and text analytics techniques have been developed to perform knowledge gathering and information discovery over Web data. Information gathered from free and public sources on the Web is frequently integrated with enterprise and proprietary data to create sophisticated service systems able to provide insight in an increasing number of business critical areas. Unfortunately, for fixed and or limited resource projects, consistent and reliable ingestion and integration of content often dominates the effort, reducing the time available for developing core analytics and presentations that differentiate and define an information service. If this initial data extraction, translation and loading of information (known as ETL in the database world) can be abstracted for these web sources, it would provide an important core technology on which Web-based information services could be more rapidly and inexpensively developed and deployed. This paper presents such a system - MONGOOSE - an approach that seeks to reduce the time spent creating a reliable data ingest and integration system and thus reducing the time-to-impact of advanced analytics service solutions.
Toluene Dioxygenase-Mediated <i>cis</i>-Dihydroxylation of Aromatics in Enantioselective Synthesis. Asymmetric Total Syntheses of Pancratistatin and 7-Deoxypancratistatin, Promising Antitumor Agents<sup>1</sup> (1996)

Whole-cell biooxidation of bromobenzene with Pseudomonas putida 39D or the recombinant Escherichia coli JM109 (pDTG601) yields (1S,2S)-3-bromocyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol (9a), which is protected as the acetonide and converted to vinylaziridines 7, 15a, 63, and 64. Our route to (+)-pancratistatin features the coupling of a higher order cyanocuprate (derived by ortho-metalation from N,N-dimethyl-2-[(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]-3,4-(methylenedioxy)benzamide) with aziridine 7 to generate 28, which contains the carbon framework of the title alkaloid. Functional group manipulations resulted in the preparation of epoxydiol 50, which was transformed in a unique fashion and under mild conditions (H2O/PhCO2Na) to (+)-pancratistatin, thus completing a concise synthesis of (+)-pancratistatin in 14 steps from bromobenzene (2% overall yield). To improve this first generation attempt, a new route was devised utilizing carbomethoxyaziridine 64 and its coupling to the cuprate of 3,4-(methylenedioxy)bromobenzene. The adduct was converted to (+)-7-deoxypancratistatin in a total of 11 steps from bromobenzene (3% overall yield), and the basis for further improvement toward a practical synthesis of pancratistatin-type alkaloids was formulated.
An object oriented generic audio coding architecture (2002)

The motivation of this paper is to try to define a framework for object-oriented audio coding, aimed at the development of the challenging idea of a generic coding architecture for audio signals. The inherent flexibility associated with the object-oriented approach allows one to foresee a possible combination of audio and video coding aspects when moving towards multimedia applications. This topic is addressed in the set of requirements of ISO/MPEG4. The MAVT (CSELT-BOSCH-MATRA) audio candidate for ISO/MPEG4 develops this idea mainly by the design of a flexible bit manipulation unit, capable of producing a variety of manipulated bit streams in respect to bit rate, level, and audio object selection. All of these with a unique flexible decoder algorithm.
Automatic generation of software pipelines for heterogeneous parallel systems (2012)

Pipelining is a well-known approach to increasing parallelism and performance. We address the problem of software pipelining for heterogeneous parallel platforms that consist of different multi-core and many-core processing units. In this context, pipelining involves two key steps -- partitioning an application into stages and mapping and scheduling the stages onto the processing units of the heterogeneous platform. We show that the inter-dependency between these steps is a critical challenge that must be addressed in order to achieve high performance. We propose an Automatic Heterogeneous Pipelining framework (AHP) that generates an optimized pipelined implementation of a program from an annotated unpipelined specification. Across three complex applications (image classification, object detection, and document retrieval) and two heterogeneous platforms (Intel Xeon multi-core CPUs with Intel MIC and NVIDIA GPGPU accelerators), AHP achieves a throughput improvement of up to 1.53x (1.37x on average) over a heterogeneous baseline that exploits data and task parallelism.
IN VITRO PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF NEW DESIGNED MAGNETIC LEVITATED DISPOSABLE EXTRACORPOREAL CENTRIFUGAL BLOOD PUMP SYSTEM (2006)

Purpose: Mechanical shaft-seal bearing incorporated in the centrifugal blood pumps contributes to hemolysis or thrombus formation, durability and corrosion of shaft-seal bearing has been recently reported from the safety point of view. Magnetic Levitated Centrifugal Rotary Blood Pump (MagLev-CRBP) has been developed for Disposable CRBP system as a non-contact system. In this study we evaluate the of MagLev-CRBP system at in vitro test. Method: Hemolytic performance was evaluated at the 5L/min against head pressure of 100mmHg. Durastudy was performed in Pulsatile mock circuit loop to evaluate the long-term MagLev control stability. Results: The maximum flow and head pressure of MagLev-CRBP were 10 L/min and 210 mmHg respectively at the rotational speed of 2400rpm. Then the MagLev power was less than 1W, rotor amplitude was controlled within 25±μm. The Value of NIH was 0.001g/100L, and one fifth of BioPump BP-80. MagLev control stability was demonstrated for 4 month over and on going. MagLev power kept around 0.7W. Conclusion: Hemolytic performance and Long-term MagLev control stability were demonstrated.Figure
Effects of Electrolyte Composition on Lithium Plating in Lithium-Ion Cells (2011)

Metallic lithium is typically absent in a lithium-ion (Li-ion) cell under normal conditions of operation. Under strenuous charge conditions of high charge rates and/or low temperatures, however, lithium metal will deposit on the carbon anode in preference to lithium intercalation, especially after considerable cycling and storage, which contribute to the degradation of anode capacity. Such plated lithium will react more readily in the Li-ion battery electrolytes and pose problems related to performance, reliability, and safety of the cell. Factors that affect the anode performance, specifically its polarization and lithium intercalation kinetics, play a crucial role in determining the propensity for lithium deposition. Such factors include the nature of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), which is in turn governed by the electrolyte constituents, anode/cathode capacity ratios, and the operating conditions. In this paper, the Li intercalation kinetics and their impact on Li plating were studied with two sets of electrolytes containing different proportions of EC and with SEI-stabilizing additives. Electrolytes with low EC-formulations and those without SEI-stabilizing additives are relatively immune to lithium plating.