gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adaptive system identification by nonadaptively trained neural networks (2002)

This paper proposes a novel adaptive neural system (ANS), which minimizes computation, focuses on learning about and adapting to the unknown environmental parameter, and eliminates (or reduces) poor local minima of the performance surface during the operation of the ANS. The idea is illustrated by its application to adaptive system identification. The adjustable weights of the ANS are divided into nonadaptively and adaptively adjustable weights. The former are determined by a nonadaptive training, using a priori information. Only the latter are adapted in operation. If they consist of linear weights of the ANS, the fast algorithms for adaptive linear filters are applicable for adaptation.
Lasing, Second Harmonic Conversion and Self-frequency Doubling of YbrYCOB (Yb:YCa4B3O10) (1998)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text B. H. T. Chai, D. A. Hammons, J. M. Eichenholz, Q. Ye, W. K. Jang, L. Shah, G. M. Luntz, M. Richardson, and H. Qiu, "Lasing, Second Harmonic Conversion and Self-frequency Doubling of YbrYCOB (Yb:YCa4B3O10)," in Advanced Solid State Lasers, W. Bosenberg and M. Fejer, eds., Vol. 19 of OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics Series (Optica Publishing Group, 1998), paper VL6. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Advanced signal processing for high temperatures health monitoring of condensed water height in steam pipes (2013)

An advanced signal processing methodology is being developed to monitor the height of condensed water thru the wall of a steel pipe while operating at temperatures as high as 250°C. Using existing techniques, previous study indicated that, when the water height is low or there is disturbance in the environment, the predicted water height may not be accurate. In recent years, the use of the autocorrelation and envelope techniques in the signal processing has been demonstrated to be a very useful tool for practical applications. In this paper, various signal processing techniques including the auto correlation, Hilbert transform, and the Shannon Energy Envelope methods were studied and implemented to determine the water height in the steam pipe. The results have shown that the developed method provides a good capability for monitoring the height in the regular conditions. An alternative solution for shallow water or no water conditions based on a developed hybrid method based on Hilbert transform (HT) with a high pass filter and using the optimized windowing technique is suggested. Further development of the reported methods would provide a powerful tool for the identification of the disturbances of water height inside the pipe.
High‐lysine corn generated by endosperm‐specific suppression of lysine catabolism using RNAi (2007)

Because of the limited lysine content in corn grain, synthetic lysine supplements are added to corn meal-based rations for animal feed. The development of biotechnology, combined with the understanding of plant lysine metabolism, provides an alternative solution for increasing corn lysine content through genetic engineering. Here, we report that by suppressing lysine catabolism, transgenic maize kernels accumulated a significant amount of lysine. This was achieved by RNA interference (RNAi) through the endosperm-specific expression of an inverted-repeat (IR) sequence targeting the maize bifunctional lysine degradation enzyme, lysine-ketoglutarate reductase/saccharopine dehydrogenase (ZLKR/SDH). Although plant-short interfering RNA (siRNA) were reported to lack tissue specificity due to systemic spreading, we confirmed that the suppression of ZLKR/SDH in developing transgenic kernels was restricted to endosperm tissue. Furthermore, results from our cloning and sequencing of siRNA suggested the absence of transitive RNAi. These results support the practical use of RNAi for plant genetic engineering to specifically target gene suppression in desired tissues without eliciting systemic spreading and the transitive nature of plant RNAi silencing.
Three-dimensional optical diffraction tomographic microscopy with optimal frequency combination with partially coherent illuminations (2018)

We demonstrate a three-dimensional (3D) optical diffraction tomographic technique with optimal frequency combination (OFC-ODT) for the 3D quantitative phase imaging of unlabeled specimens. Three sets of through-focus intensity images are captured under an annular aperture and two circular apertures with different coherence parameters. The 3D phase optical transfer functions (POTF) corresponding to different illumination apertures are combined to obtain an optimally synthesized frequency response, achieving high-quality, low-noise 3D reconstructions with imaging resolution up to the incoherent diffraction limit. Besides, the 3D imaging performance of annular illumination is explored and the expression of 3D POTF for arbitrary illumination pupils is derived and analyzed. It is shown that the phase-contrast washout effect in high-NA circular apertures can be effectively addressed by introducing a complementary annular aperture, which strongly boosts the phase contrast and improves the practical imaging resolution. To test the feasibility of the proposed OFC-ODT technique, the 3D refractive index reconstruction results based on a simulated 3D resolution target and experimental investigations of micro polystyrene bead and unstained biological samples are presented. Due to its capability of high-resolution 3D phase imaging as well as the compatibility with widely available commercial microscope, the OFC-ODT is expected to find versatile applications in biological and biomedical research.
Synthesis of Novel Quinaldine‐Based Squaraine Dyes: Effect of Substituents and Role of Electronic Factors. (2005)

Condensation of squaric acid with quinaldinium salts containing electron-donating substituents gave only the semisquaraines. However, with\nsalts possessing electronegative and electron-withdrawing groups, the squaraine dyes were isolated in quantitative yields. The semisquaraines\nformed undergo condensation with highly nucleophilic salts yielding the unsymmetrical squaraine dyes. These results demonstrate the role\nof electronic factors and provide valuable information for the design of efficient squaraine-based sensitizers that can have potential applications\nin photodynamic therapy.
Photo-plethysmograph nail sensors: for measuring finger forces without haptic obstruction: modeling and experimentation (2003)

A new type of touch sensor for detecting contact pressure at human fingertips is presented. A fingernail is instrumented with miniature LEDs and photodetectors in order to measure changes in the nail color pattern when the fingertip is pressed against a surface. Unlike traditional electronic gloves, in which sensor pads are placed between the fingers and the environment surface, this new sensor allows the fingers to directly contact the environment without obstructing the human's natural haptic senses. The finger touch force is detected by measuring changes in the nail color, hence the sensor is mounted on the fingernail rather than on the fingertip. Photo-reflective plethysmography is used to measure the nail color. Haemodynamic modeling is used to investigate the dynamics of the change in blood volume under the fingernail. The model is simulated and then evaluated by comparison with the experimental dynamic response of the sensor. Applications to human-machine interaction are discussed.
A Comparison of Algorithms for TV Ad Targeting (2014)

Television is the largest advertising category in the United States with 70 billion spent by advertisers per year. We compare a variety of different targeting algorithms, ranging from the traditional age-gender targeting methods employed based on Nielsen ratings, to new approaches that attempt to target high probability buyers using Set Top Box data. We show the performance of these different algorithms on a real television campaign, and discuss the advantages and limitations of each method. In contrast to other theoretical work, all methods presented in this paper are implementable on current television delivery systems.
The "Bitter-Sweet" Truth of Artificial Sweeteners (2008)

For some consumers, an unpleasant aftertaste is thought to underlie the rejection of artificially sweetened foods and beverages. As consumers become more informed regarding health and wellness issues, the consumption of artificially sweetened foods is expected to grow. Thus, understanding the negative characteristics associated with artificial sweeteners is crucial. However, this is not an easy task due to consumer differences in artificial sweetener sensitivity and difficulties in characterizing the artificial aftertaste. Recent evidence suggests that consumer sensitivity may be linked to differences in the expression of T2R genes. We will present the results of our studies on genetic variability and saccharin and ACEK bitterness sensitivity in humans. Furthermore, we characterized and differentiated the sensations elicited by natural and artificial sweeteners. Using trained panelists with proven sensitivity to artificial sweetener aftertastes, we generated sensory and temporal profiles that described and differentiated the aftertaste associated with each of the natural and artificial sweeteners. Finally, by linking aftertaste sensitivity to the liking of naturally and artificially-sweetened soft drinks, we were able to reveal the sensory attributes that contribute to the decreased liking of the artificial sweeteners studied. A discussion of possible approaches aimed at attenuating or masking the off-tastes of artificial sweeteners will be presented.
Macroscopic Fibers Self-Assembled from Recombinant Miniature Spider Silk Proteins (2007)

Strength, elasticity, and biocompatibility make spider silk an attractive resource for the production of artificial biomaterials. Spider silk proteins, spidroins, contain hundreds of repeated poly alanine/glycine-rich blocks and are difficult to produce recombinantly in soluble form. Most previous attempts to produce artificial spider silk fibers have included solubilization steps in nonphysiological solvents. It is here demonstrated that a miniature spidroin from a protein in dragline silk of Euprosthenops australis can be produced in a soluble form in Escherichia coli when fused to a highly soluble protein partner. Although this miniature spidroin contains only four poly alanine/glycine-rich blocks followed by a C-terminal non-repetitive domain, meter-long fibers are spontaneously formed after proteolytic release of the fusion partner. The structure of the fibers is similar to that of dragline silks, and although self-assembled from recombinant proteins they are as strong as fibers spun from redissolved silk. Moreover, the fibers appear to be biocompatible because human tissue culture cells can grow on and attach to the fibers. These findings enable controlled production of high-performance biofibers at large scale under physiological conditions.
TH-CD-207A-09: Stay On Target: Dynamic, Patient-Specific Templates of Fiducial Marker Clusters for IGRT (2016)

Purpose: Pancreatic SBRT relies on extremely accurate delivery of ablative radiation doses to the target, and intra-fractional tracking of fiducial markers can facilitate improvements in dose delivery. However, this requires algorithms that are able to find fiducial markers with high speed and accuracy. The purpose of this study was to develop a novel marker tracking algorithm that is robust against many of the common errors seen with traditional template matching techniques. Methods: Using CBCT projection images, a method was developed to create detailed template images of fiducial marker clusters without prior knowledge of the number of markers, their positions, or their orientations. Briefly, the method (i) enhances markers in projection images, (ii) stabilizes the cluster's position, (iii) reconstructs the cluster in 3D, and (iv) precomputes a set of static template images dependent on gantry angle. Furthermore, breathing data were used to produce 4D reconstructions of clusters, yielding dynamic template images dependent on gantry angle and breathing amplitude. To test these two approaches, static and dynamic templates were used to track the motion of marker clusters in more than 66,000 projection images from 75 CBCT scans of 15 pancreatic SBRT patients. Results: For both static and dynamic templates, the new technique was able to locate marker clusters present in projection images 100% of the time. The algorithm was also able to correctly locate markers in several instances where only some of the markers were visible due to insufficient field-of-view. In cases where clusters exhibited deformation and/or rotation during breathing, dynamic templates resulted in cross-correlation scores up to 70% higher than static templates. Conclusion: Patient-specific templates provided complete tracking of fiducial marker clusters in CBCT scans, and dynamic templates helped to provide higher cross-correlation scores for deforming/rotating clusters. This novel algorithm provides an extremely accurate method to detect fiducial markers during treatment. Research funding provided by Varian Medical Systems to Miften and Jones.
Plasma deposition of geo2/sio2 and si3n4 waveguides for integrated optics (1986)

A plasma activated chemical vapour deposition (CVD) technique is described for fabricating doped silica optical waveguides on silica substrates. Planar, germania-doped, silica waveguides have been fabricated with less than 0.3 dB/cm attenuation at λ = 0.633 μ/m. The deposition technique has also been used for fabricating GeO2 and Si3N4 waveguides.
Signal-Processing ICs Employed in A Single-Chip CCD Color Camera (1984)

As home videotape recorders have come into wide use, a need for a reduction in the size, weight, and power consumption of color video cameras has become obvious. This need can be met using a solid-state imager such as a CCD, but only if at the same time system ICs are used for the circuits. For this purpose signal-processing ICs for a single-chip CCD color camera have been developed. The signal- processing method and the structure of the ICs will be reported.
Visible Light Photoreduction of CO<sub>2</sub> Using CdSe/Pt/TiO<sub>2</sub> Heterostructured Catalysts (2009)

A series of CdSe quantum dot (QD)-sensitized TiO2 heterostructures have been synthesized, characterized, and tested for the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 in the presence of H2O. Our results show that these heterostructured materials are capable of catalyzing the photoreduction of CO2 using visible light illumination (λ > 420 nm) only. The effect of removing surfactant caps from the CdSe QDs by annealing and using a hydrazine chemical treatment have also been investigated. The photocatalytic reduction process is followed using infrared spectroscopy to probe the gas-phase reactants and gas chromatography to detect the products. Gas chromatographic analysis shows that the primary reaction product is CH4, with CH3OH, H2, and CO observed as secondary products. Typical yields of the gas-phase products after visible light illumination (λ > 420 nm) were 48 ppm g−1 h−1 of CH4, 3.3 ppm g−1 h−1 of CH3OH (vapor), and trace amounts of CO and H2.
Dynamic Pricing Algorithm with Embedded Controller for High Occupancy Toll Lanes (2015)

Today more and more Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) strategies are introduced nationwide to reduce congestion and maintain desired service levels on freeways. High Occupancy Toll (HOT) lanes (form of managed lanes) is one such ITS strategy. HOT lanes are intended to maintain certain level of service such as average speed, throughput, etc. One of the major challenges in achieving these objectives is the time delay (due to long stretches of HOT lanes) and the resulting uncertainty in the throughput calculated at the end of the HOT lanes. HOT lanes need to have pricing algorithms that control the traffic by considering this time delay between the checking point and the tollbooth. This paper introduces a PID controller based pricing algorithm that addresses this need. A simulation model of I-95 is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.
SuperBiHelix method for predicting the pleiotropic ensemble of G-protein–coupled receptor conformations (2013)

There is overwhelming evidence that G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) exhibit several distinct low-energy conformations, each of which might favor binding to different ligands and/or lead to different downstream functions. Understanding the function of such proteins requires knowledge of the ensemble of low-energy configurations that might play a role in this pleiotropic functionality. We earlier reported the BiHelix method for efficiently sampling the (12)(7) = 35 million conformations resulting from 30° rotations about the axis (η) of all seven transmembrane helices (TMHs), showing that the experimental structure is reliably selected as the best conformation from this ensemble. However, various GPCRs differ sufficiently in the tilts of the TMHs that this method need not predict the optimum conformation starting from any other template. In this paper, we introduce the SuperBiHelix method in which the tilt angles (θ, ϕ) are optimized simultaneously with rotations (η) efficiently enough that it is practical and sufficient to sample (5 × 3 × 5)(7) = 13 trillion configurations. This method can correctly identify the optimum structure of a GPCR starting with the template from a different GPCR. We have validated this method by predicting known crystal structure conformations starting from the template of a different protein structure. We find that the SuperBiHelix conformational ensemble includes the higher energy conformations associated with the active protein in addition to those associated with the more stable inactive protein. This methodology was then applied to design and experimentally confirm structures of three mutants of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor associated with different functions.
miR-1207-3p Is a Novel Prognostic Biomarker of Prostate Cancer (2016)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to be dysregulated in prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, we investigated if miR-1207-3p is capable of distinguishing between indolent and aggressive PCa and if it contributes to explaining the disproportionate aggressiveness of PCa in men of African ancestry (moAA). A total of 404 patients with primary adenocarcinoma of the prostate were recruited between 1988 and 2003 at the Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA. Patient clinicopathological features and demographic characteristics such as race were identified. RNA samples from 404 postprostatectomy prostate tumor tissue samples were analyzed by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for the mRNA expression of miR-1207-3p. miR-1207-3p expression in PCa that resulted in overall death or PCa-specific death is significantly higher than in PCa cases that did not. The same positive correlation holds true for other clinical characteristics such as biochemical recurrence, Gleason score, clinical stage, and prostate-specific antigen level. Furthermore, miR-1207-3p expression was significantly less in moAA in comparison to Caucasian men. We also evaluated whether miR-1207-3p is associated with clinical outcomes adjusted for age at diagnosis and tumor stage in the modeling. Using competing risk regression, the PCa patients with a high miR-1207-3p expression (≥6 vs 3) had a high risk to develop PCa recurrence (hazard rate = 2.5, P < .001) adjusting for age at diagnosis and tumor stage. In conclusion, miR-1207-3p is a promising novel prognostic biomarker for PCa. Furthermore, miR-1207-3p may also be important in explaining the disproportionate aggressiveness of PCa in moAA.
New syntheses of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) (1979)

Two new syntheses of L-ascorbic acid (1) are described, the first involving the selective oxidation of 3,5-O-benzylidene-L-gulono-1,4-lactone (4a) to 3,5-O-benzylidene-L-xylo-hexulosono-1,4-lactone hydrate (4b) and hydrolysis of (4b) to (1), and the second involving the regiospecific conversion of L-gulono-1,4-lactone (3) into ethyl 3,5 : 4,6-O-dibenzylidene-L-gulonate (5) followed by oxidative and hydrolytic conversion of (5) into ethyl L-xylo-hexulosonate (6a), a known precursor of L-ascorbic acid (1).
Structure and Expression in <i>Escherichia coli</i> of Canine Interferon-α Genes (1987)

Using a human interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) cDNA probe, several recombinant phages containing type I IFN genes were isolated from a canine genomic library. One of these phages contains two complete CaIFN-alpha genes with identical coding sequences, and a second one a slightly different IFN-alpha gene. The IFN-alpha protein sequences contain six cysteine residues as well as two or three potential N-glycosylation sites. Expression of mature CaIFN-alpha 1 in E. coli results in antiviral activity on dog cells. Genomic analysis using an equine IFN-omega probe and DNA sequencing suggests the deletion of IFN-omega genes from canine genome.
Recent Progress in On-Focal-Plane ADC (1996)

Two 8 bit successive approximation analog-to-digital converters (ADC) and a 12 bit current mode incremental sigma delta ADC have been designed, fabricated, and tested.
A Statically Balanced Shape Shifting Surface (2012)

This paper presents a concept for producing a Statically Balanced Shape-Shifting Surface (SB-SSS). In this context, an SB-SSS is a surface that can require near-zero magnitude force changes to accomplish a change in shape while retaining effectiveness as a physical barrier. This paper focuses on how to statically balance a specifically-designed compliant mechanism and how to incorporate this mechanism into a polygonal cell. The mechanism consists of a compliant Peaucellier-Lipkin linkage layered with a pre-stressed link as the balancer. Prior art is presented that can show how a polygonal cell can be incorporated into a surface via a tiling array. Specifically shaped overlapping thin plates are used to retain the physical barrier requirement. The demonstration of a virtually zero-force Shape-Shifting Surface (SSS) suggests that SSS’s can be designed with a wide range of force-displacement properties, i.e. ranging from that of a square of the parent material to the zero-force mechanism presented here. Applications for an SB-SSS may be macro-scale or micro-scale and may include sensors, biomedical applications, defense applications, and variable stiffness materials.
Republished: Real-time MRI guidance for intra-arterial drug delivery in a patient with a brain tumor: technical note (2019)

Patients suffering from malignant brain tumors are burdened with a grim prognosis. The blood brain barrier is considered a primary obstacle in therapeutic drug delivery to the brain. Intra-arterial (IA) delivery of therapeutic agents following osmotic BBB opening has been attempted for years, but high variability has limited its widespread implementation. It has been recently shown in animal studies that MRI is superior to X-ray for guiding IA infusions, as it allows direct visualization of the brain parenchyma perfused and facilitates predictable drug targeting. Moreover, PET imaging has revealed that IA, not intravenous, delivery of bevacizumab results in brain accumulation, providing strong rationale for utilizing the IA route. Here, we present our experience in a patient with recurrent butterfly glioblastoma enrolled in first-in-man MRI-guided neurointervention for targeted IA drug delivery.