gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Information-theoretic approach to privacy protection of biometric templates (2004)

This work presents a general secure biometric authentication algorithm that guarantees privacy protection of biometric templates. These are all based on the use of a one-way transform and helper data, which is used to achieve noise robustness at the input of the one-way transform. The biometrics templates obtained during enrollment are described by sequences of n i.i.d. random variables. A hashed form of the template is stored together with helper data in a database that is vulnerable to attacks from the inside.
Soluble epidermal growth factor receptor (sEGFR/sErbB1) as a potential risk, screening, and diagnostic serum biomarker of epithelial ovarian cancer. (2003)

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancies in the United States, for which risk assessment, screening, and diagnostic tests are needed. We have shown previously that women with stage III/IV EOC have lower serum p110 sEGFR/sErbB1 (Soluble Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) concentrations than healthy women. Here, we show that serum p110 sEGFR/sErbB1 is the product of a 3-kb EGFR/ERBB1 alternate transcript. We report that serum sEGFR concentrations in stage I/II and stage III/IV EOC patients are significantly lower than in healthy women, and that serum sEGFR concentrations are not associated with disease stage or tumor grade. Logistic regression models show that: (a) lower serum sEGFR concentrations are associated significantly with a greater risk of EOC; (b) the risk associated with lower serum sEGFR concentrations is reduced by older age or menopause; and (c) age- or menopausal status-specific cutoff values for sEGFR concentration are appropriate. Receiver operating characteristic curves indicate that: (a) serum sEGFR concentrations are more effective in discerning stage III/IV than stage I/II EOC cases from healthy women; and (b) sEGFR concentrations have an 89% probability of correctly discerning EOC patients from healthy women when accounting for effect modification by age. By maintaining a test specificity of approximately 95% across strata of age or menopausal status with appropriate cutoff values, we observe that sEGFR concentrations are most useful for detecting stage I/II (sensitivity: 64-67%) and stage III/IV (sensitivity: 75-81%) EOC in young, premenopausal women. We conclude that serum sEGFR concentrations warrant additional investigation in the risk assessment, early detection, and/or diagnosis of EOC.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antimycobacterial Effects of Some Lipophilic Substituted 2,4‐Diamino‐5‐benzylpyrimidines. (1989)

Abstract The hydroxybenzaldehydes (I) are alkylated with the bromides (II) to yield the alkoxybenzaldehydes (III) which are coupled with the cyanoethylmorpholine (IV), producing the morpholinoacrylnitriles (V).
Urinary Cell mRNA Profiles and Differential Diagnosis of Acute Kidney Graft Dysfunction (2014)

Noninvasive tests to differentiate the basis for acute dysfunction of the kidney allograft are preferable to invasive allograft biopsies. We measured absolute levels of 26 prespecified mRNAs in urine samples collected from kidney graft recipients at the time of for-cause biopsy for acute allograft dysfunction and investigated whether differential diagnosis of acute graft dysfunction is feasible using urinary cell mRNA profiles. We profiled 52 urine samples from 52 patients with biopsy specimens indicating acute rejection (26 acute T cell-mediated rejection and 26 acute antibody-mediated rejection) and 32 urine samples from 32 patients with acute tubular injury without acute rejection. A stepwise quadratic discriminant analysis of mRNA measures identified a linear combination of mRNAs for CD3ε, CD105, TLR4, CD14, complement factor B, and vimentin that distinguishes acute rejection from acute tubular injury; 10-fold cross-validation of the six-gene signature yielded an estimate of the area under the curve of 0.92 (95% confidence interval, 0.86 to 0.98). In a decision analysis, the six-gene signature yielded the highest net benefit across a range of reasonable threshold probabilities for biopsy. Next, among patients diagnosed with acute rejection, a similar statistical approach identified a linear combination of mRNAs for CD3ε, CD105, CD14, CD46, and 18S rRNA that distinguishes T cell-mediated rejection from antibody-mediated rejection, with a cross-validated estimate of the area under the curve of 0.81 (95% confidence interval, 0.68 to 0.93). Incorporation of these urinary cell mRNA signatures in clinical decisions may reduce the number of biopsies in patients with acute dysfunction of the kidney allograft.
Multitask Learning for Spoken Language Understanding (2006)

In this paper, we present a multitask learning (MTL) method for intent classification in goal oriented human-machine spoken dialog systems. MTL aims at training tasks in parallel while using a shared representation. What is learned for each task can help other tasks be learned better. Our goal is to automatically re-use the existing labeled data from various applications, which are similar but may have different intents or intent distributions, in order to improve the performance. For this purpose, we propose an automated intent mapping algorithm across applications. We also propose employing active learning to selectively sample the data to be re-used. Our results indicate that we can achieve significant improvements in intent classification performance especially when the labeled data size is limited
Testing of a high performance, precision-bore railgun (1986)

This paper discusses the results of high-pressure (up to 350 MPa) railgun experiments. The gun is designed both to be capable of high-pressure operation without structural damage and to be readily disassembled for inspection, maintenance and component testing. Considerable effort has been invested to develop techniques to produce and measure smooth, extremely precise (>5µm of variation) bores. We have not deliberately varied bore precision to determine the effect of precision on performance, but our experience suggests that if two otherwise identical railguns, one with a polished, high-precision bore, were fired under identical conditions, the precisely finished gun would achieve a higher muzzle velocity. Very high accelerations have been achieved (>10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> m/s <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ). A 2-g projectile has been accelerated to 5 km/s in a 13 mm square-bore gun only 1 m long. Projectiles with an L/D as small as 0.65 have been successfully accelerated. Projectiles with smaller L/Ds have not yet been tested to determine the minimum L/D which can be successfully accelerated. A number of different insulator materials ranging from common float glass to fused quartz have been tested. The best results have been obtained with fused quartz, which shows promise of being reusable. In the course of testing, the importance of gasketing the rail-to-insulator seams to prevent loss of plasma has become apparent. We have made progress in gasket design, but more work is needed. Rail gouging has been a continuing problem. Gouging may be dependent on bore precision, projectile fit, rail mechanical properties, projectile L/D, structural stiffness, operating pressure, velocity, and shape of the current pulse.
Flight experience with windshear detection (1990)

Windshear alerts resulting from the Honeywell Windshear Detection and Guidance System are presented based on data from approximately 248,000 revenue flights at Piedmont Airlines. The data indicate that the detection system provides a significant benefit to the flight crew of the aircraft. In addition, nuisance and false alerts were found to occur at an acceptably low rate to maintain flight crew confidence in the system. Data from a digital flight recorder is also presented which shows the maximum and minimum windshear magnitudes recorded for a representative number of flights in February, 1987. The effect of the boundary layer of a steady state wind is also discussed.
Progress in GaAs/CuInSe2 tandem junction solar cells (1991)

Much more power is required for spacecraft of the future than current vehicles. To meet this increased demand for power while simultaneously meeting other requirements for launch, deployment, and maneuverability, the development of higher-efficiency, lighter-weight, and more radiation resistant photovoltaic cells is essential. Mechanically stacked tandem junction solar cells based on (AlGaAs)GaAs thin film CLEFT (Cleavage of Lateral Epitaxial Film for Transfer) top cells and CuInSe2(CIS) thin film bottom cells are being developed to meet these power needs. The mechanically stacked tandem configuration is chosen due to its interconnect flexibility allowing more efficient array level performance. It also eliminates cell fabrication processing constraints associated with monolithically integrated multi-junction approaches, thus producing higher cell fabrication yields. The GaAs cell is used as the top cell due to its demonstrated high efficiency, and good radiation resistance. Furthermore, it offers a future potential for bandgap tuning using AlGaAs as the absorber to maximize cell performance. The CuInSe2 cell is used as the bottom cell due to superb radiation resistance, stability, and optimal bandgap value in combination with an AlGaAs top cell. Since both cells are incorporated as thin films, this approach provides a potential for very high specific power. This high specific power (W/kg), combined with high power density (W/sq m) resulting from the high efficiency of this approach, makes these cells ideally suited for various space applications.
PDC-109 (BSP-A1/A2) Promotes Bull Sperm Binding to Oviductal Epithelium In Vitro and May Be Involved in Forming the Oviductal Sperm Reservoir1 (2003)

Sperm reservoirs have been found in the oviducts of several species of mammals. In cattle, the reservoir is formed by the binding of sperm to fucose-containing glycoconjugates on the surface of oviductal epithelial cells. A fucose-binding molecule was purified from sperm extracts and identified as PDC-109 (BSP-A1/A2), a protein that is secreted by the seminal vesicles and associates with the plasma membrane of sperm upon ejaculation. The objective of this study was to demonstrate that PDC-109 promotes bull sperm binding to oviductal epithelium. PDC-109 was purified from bovine seminal plasma, and polyclonal antibodies were produced in rabbits. The antibodies detected PDC-109 on ejaculated sperm by indirect immunofluorescence and Western blots of extracts, but PDC-109 was not detected on epididymal sperm. When added to epididymal sperm, purified PDC-109 was absorbed onto the plasma membrane overlying the acrosome, as demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence and by labeling sperm directly with fluorescein-conjugated PDC-109. When added to explants of oviductal epithelium, significantly fewer epididymal sperm than ejaculated sperm became bound. Addition of PDC-109 to epididymal sperm increased epithelial binding to the level observed for ejaculated sperm. In addition, binding of ejaculated sperm to oviductal epithelium was inhibited by addition of excess soluble PDC-109. Ejaculated sperm lost the ability to bind to oviductal epithelium after heparin-induced capacitation, but treatment with PDC-109 restored binding. These results demonstrate that PDC-109 enables sperm to bind to oviductal epithelium and plays a major role in formation of the bovine oviductal sperm reservoir.
Magnetic droplet nucleation boundary in orthogonal spin-torque nano-oscillators (2016)

Static and dynamic magnetic solitons play a critical role in applied nanomagnetism. Magnetic droplets, a type of non-topological dissipative soliton, can be nucleated and sustained in nanocontact spin-torque oscillators with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy free layers. Here, we perform a detailed experimental determination of the full droplet nucleation boundary in the current-field plane for a wide range of nanocontact sizes and demonstrate its excellent agreement with an analytical expression originating from a stability analysis. Our results reconcile recent contradicting reports of the field dependence of the droplet nucleation. Furthermore, our analytical model both highlights the relation between the fixed layer material and the droplet nucleation current magnitude, and provides an accurate method to experimentally determine the spin transfer torque asymmetry of each device.
ChemInform Abstract: The Influence of Boric Acid on the Acetylation of Aldoses: “One‐Pot” Syntheses of Penta‐O‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucofuranose and Its Crystalline Propanoyl Analogue. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Tissue-specific and hormonal regulations of human prostate-specific glandular kallikrein (1992)

Kallikreins are involved in the posttranslational processing of a number of specific polypeptide precursors. Previously, human glandular kallikrein (hGK-1) mRNA has been identified in the prostate; however, the hGK-1 protein has not been identified and characterized. Therefore, its physiologic function in the prostate is not known. In this study, we have isolated a full-length hGK-1 cDNA from a human adenocarcinoma cell line, LNCaP. In vitro translation experiments demonstrated that the molecular size of the hGK-1 protein generated from this cDNA is similar to that of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a protein which is produced exclusively in the prostate. In situ hybridization with a hGK-1-specific oligonucleotide probe (77 bases), which can differentiate hGK-1 mRNA from PSA mRNA, demonstrated the hGK-1 mRNA to be located in the prostate epithelium. The hGK-1 mRNA was colocalized with PSA mRNA in prostatic epithelia. Moreover, in situ hybridization studies revealed that the level of hGK-1 mRNA in human benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues is approximately half that of PSA mRNA. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that hGK-1 mRNA is under androgenic regulation in LNCaP cells. Time course analysis revealed that hGK-1 mRNA levels increased significantly at 5 h of mibolerone treatment and reached maximal levels by 9 h. In addition, hGK-1 mRNA levels were increased by dihydrotestosterone, but not by dexamethasone or diethylstilbestrol treatments. Flutamide, a nonmetabolized anti-androgen, repressed the androgenic effects. These studies suggest that expression of hGK-1 mRNA is regulated by androgen via the androgen receptor.
ZVS double-side LCC compensated resonant inverter with magnetic integration for electric vehicle wireless charger (2015)

This paper investigates the impact of inductance variation in a magnetic integrated double-side LCC compensated wireless power transfer (WPT) topology. The circuit topology with the extra couplings between the compensated coils (inductor) and the main coils is analyzed. Considering the main coil inductance variation, the characteristics of the investigated topology are studied. The compensated receiving coil inductance is found to be an effective tuning parameter to ensure the primary side zero voltage switching (ZVS) operation. An analytical expression for the current at the switching instant is derived, which is critical for the design of soft-switching operation. Circuit simulation is performed to validate the analytical analysis and to aid the ZVS tuning design. A WPT system with up to 5.6kW output power for electric vehicles has been built to verify the validity of the discussion. The soft-switching is achieved in a wide operation range which leads to overall efficient wireless power transfer.
Secure Variable Data Rate Transmission (2011)

A novel secure variable data rate (SVDR) transmission method is presented along with an architecture for implementing the SVDR transmission. This method reduces transmission overhead requirements by allowing both parties to maintain the initialization vector information locally rather than by obtaining it from the received packet. The only requirement this method places on the transmission is to maintain the sequence. This brief shows a 70% reduction in the overhead for transmitting this sequence information with a window size of 10 and seven priority levels.
Specifying and executing requirements (2002)

A powerful methodology for specifying scenario-based requirements of reactive systems is described, in which behavioral requirements are "played in" directly from the system's GUI or some abstract version thereof, and full behavior can then be "played out" freely, just as if a conventional system model were present. The approach is supported and illustrated by a tool we have built, which we call the play-engine. The ideas appear to be relevant to many stages of system development, including requirements engineering, specification, testing, and implementation.
Radiopaque, Iodine Functionalized, Phenylalanine-Based Poly(ester urea)s (2015)

The synthesis and characterization of iodine-functionalized phenylalanine-based poly(ester urea)s (PEUs) are reported. 4-Iodo-L-phenylalanine and L-phenylalanine were separately reacted with 1,6-hexanediol to produce two monomers, bis-4-I-L-phenylalanine-1,6-hexanediol-diester (1-IPHE-6 monomer) and bis-L-phenylalanine-1,6-hexanediol-diester (1-PHE-6 monomer). By varying the feed ratio of the 1-IPHE-6 and 1-PHE-6 monomers, the copolymer composition was modulated resulting in a wide variation in thermal, mechanical and radiopacity properties. Microcomputed tomography (μ-CT) projections demonstrate that increasing iodine content results in greater X-ray contrast. Compression tests of dry and wet porous scaffolds indicate that the poly(1-IPHE-6)0.24-co-poly(1-PHE-6)0.76 material results in the highest compression modulus. MC3T3 cell viability and spreading studies show PEUs are nontoxic to cells. As most medical device procedures require placement verification via fluoroscopic imaging, materials that possess inherent X-ray contrast are valuable for a number of applications.
A unified architecture for adaptive compression of data and code on embedded systems (2005)

We present an architecture for compression/decompression of executable files running on embedded systems. Compression is important for memory reduction purposes; previous work on memory reduction for embedded systems has focused on compressing the instruction segment of executable code before execution and decompressing at runtime. Our work has shown that solely compressing the instruction segment is not enough as in many cases executable files contain large data areas that would benefit from compression as well. Compressing data areas presents new challenges to the embedded system designer; data can be modified during execution and therefore a fast compression algorithm and intelligent memory management are required as well. We propose a novel compression/decompression framework that can handle both instructions and data and show memory reductions over 50% while keeping performance degradation within 12%.
High-speed high-resolution heterodyne interferometer using a laser with low beat frequency (2015)

A high-speed high-resolution heterodyne interferometer using a laser with low beat frequency is developed. The interferometer has two spatially separated parallel beams with different frequencies. Two interference signals with opposite Doppler shift are optically generated by the interferometric optics. The measurement electronics uses two identical phasemeters for the two opposite interference signals. The two interference signals are selectively used according to the speed of the target, which makes sure that the Doppler shift of the selected signal is always positive, so that the measurable speed is no longer limited by the beat frequency of the laser source. Experimental results show that the measurement resolution is 0.62 nm. The measurable speed can exceed the restriction determined by the beat frequency. Compared with a commercial interferometer, the displacement difference is less than 40 nm in a travel range of 900 mm.
High power laser fiber fabricated through vapor phase doping of Ytterbium (2014)

We present the characteristics of an ytterbium-doped alumino-silicate fiber, fabricated through vapor phase doping of aluminum and ytterbium in the core, along with silica and in conjunction with the modified chemical vapor deposition process. The vapor phase doping of rare-earths provides the opportunity to fabricate large core active fibers with a uniform distribution of dopants. The fibers fabricated exhibited low OH− content, negligible center dip and good optical properties. Lasing performance was tested up to output power of 105 W, with a slope efficiency of 77% with respect to launched pump power. The linear variation of the laser power with a pump shows its potentiality for further power scaling.
High-efficiency x-ray gratings with asymmetric-cut multilayers (2012)

We present the fabrication and analysis of efficient and highly dispersive gratings for the x-ray and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) regime. We show that an asymmetric-cut multilayer structure can act as a near-perfect blazed grating. The precision and high line density are achieved by layer deposition of materials, which can be controlled to the angstrom level. We demonstrate this in the EUV regime with two structures made by cutting and polishing magnetron-sputtered multilayer mirrors of over 2000 bilayers thick, each with a period of 6.88 nm. These were cut at angles of 2.9° and 7.8° to the surface. Within the 3% bandwidth rocking curve of the multilayer, the angular dispersion of the diffracted wave was in agreement with the grating equation for elements with 7250 and 19,700 line pairs/mm, respectively. The dependence of the measured efficiency was in excellent agreement with a formulation of dynamical diffraction theory for multilayered structures. At a wavelength of 13.2 nm, the efficiency of the first-order diffraction was over 95% of the reflectivity of the uncut multilayer. We predict that such structures should also be effective at shorter x-ray wavelengths. Both the Laue (transmitting) and Bragg (reflecting) geometries are incorporated in our formalism, which is applied to the analysis of multilayer Laue lenses and focusing and dispersing Bragg optics.
Separation of Neutral Saccharide Mixtures with Capillary Electrochromatography Using Hydrophilic Monolithic Columns (2002)

While developing a combination of capillary electrochromatography (CEC) with tandem mass spectrometry (MS) for the benefit of characterizing complex oligosaccharide mixtures, we needed highly efficient CEC columns operating in an "MS-friendly" mode. We demonstrate here novel types of polar, monolithic CEC columns that separate effectively complex mixtures of saccharides with the use of mobile phases containing acetonitrile/dilute ammonium formate buffers. Using the positive-ion mode of detection for neutral saccharides, the detection conditions were optimized down to the low-femtomole sensitivities with the use of an ion trap mass spectrometer. This column technology provides a nearly universal system that can separate a wide range of carbohydrates: mono- and oligosaccharides with the intact reducing end, as well as saccharide alditols. Even the anomers formed due to mutarotation could be resolved with a high content of organic phase.