gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mass spectrometry analysis of photo-induced methionine oxidation of a recombinant human monoclonal antibody (2008)

Oxidation of methionine (Met) residues of a recombinant fully human monoclonal antibody after exposure to light was investigated and compared with chemically induced oxidation using tert-butyl-hydroperoxide (tBHP). Met256 and Met432 in the Fc region in the samples exposed to light or incubated with tBHP were oxidized. The Fc mass spectra of the antibody exposed to light showed mainly peaks with a molecular weight (MW) increase of 32 Da, however the sample treated with tBHP showed peaks with increase of only 16 Da. These results suggested that either oxidation of one Met residue (either Met256 or Met432) catalyzed the oxidation of the second Met residue on the same heavy chain (HC) or Met residues of one HC were preferentially oxidized when the antibody was exposed to light, while Met256 and Met432 were randomly oxidized when the antibody was incubated with tBHP.
An Analysis of Verifications in Microblogging Social Networks -- Sina Weibo (2012)

Sina Weibo (Weibo) is a fast growing microblogging social network with total user size closer to Twitter. Weibo adopts a mechanism to verify users, so that the public can identify true accounts of celebrities and official channels of certain organizations. The verification mechanism builds trust and authenticity to the source, and hence, stimulates people to actively participate on the platform. However, how the verifications affect the user behaviors in microblogging social networks have never been fully investigated. This paper analyzes the Weibo social network with verifications, by comparing the user microblogging behaviors between verified users and unverified users and studying the social network evolvements of these two group of users. In addition, a method is proposed to approximately reconstruct the network evolvement, and lower bound quasi-densification exponents for the social networks are found. Empirical evidence demonstrates that verifications play a significant role in motivating users to have more interactions in a social network.
Display of wasp venom allergens on the cell surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2010)

All the three major wasp venom allergens were expressed on the yeast surface. A high-level expression, which was observed only for antigen 5, was needed for detection of IgE binding by FACS and for induction of histamine release. The non-modified S. cerevisiae cells did not cause any unspecific reaction in FACS or histamine release assay despite the expression of high-mannose oligosaccharides.In perspective the yeast surface display may be used for allergen discovery from cDNA libraries and possibly for sublingual immunotherapy as the cells can serve as good adjuvant and can be produced in large amounts at a low price.
PIC microcontroller project book (2000)

From the Publisher:
PIC Microcontroller Project Book gives you hands-on directions for putting Microchip's RISC-based chips with up to 8K of memory to work. Starting with simple projects and experiments, this book leads you gradually into sophisticated programming techniques. You need no programming experience to get started. John Iovine coaches you through every single step. Written with the beginner in mind.
Protein synthesis and breakdown in skin and muscle: a leg model of amino acid kinetics (1994)

In the postabsorptive state, amino acids are released from the periphery to provide precursors for protein synthesis in the splanchnic organs. To evaluate the differential role of the most important peripheral tissues, i.e., skin and muscle, in the interorgan amino acid exchange, we have developed a model to simultaneously measure the rates of protein synthesis and degradation in these tissues. Anesthetized dogs were studied using the arteriovenous catheterization of the leg in combination with muscle and skin biopsies. L-[alpha-15N]lysine and L-[ring-2H5]phenylalanine were infused as independent markers of both skin and muscle protein kinetics. Model structure described leg skin and muscle as tissues arranged in parallel and accounted for blood flow distribution. Lysine data show that, in the postabsorptive state, the fractional rate (%/h) of skin protein synthesis (0.543 +/- 0.218) was comparable to the fractional rate of degradation (0.507 +/- 0.157), whereas, in muscle, degradation (0.454 +/- 0.116) was greater (P < 0.05) than synthesis (0.318 +/- 0.109). Similar conclusions were apparent from the phenylalanine data. Skin protein synthesis and degradation accounted for approximately 10-15% of the total leg protein kinetics.
β‐Amyloid inhibits integrated mitochondrial respiration  and key enzyme activities (2001)

Disrupted energy metabolism, in particular reduced activity of cytochrome oxidase (EC 1.9.3.1), alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.4.2) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.4.1) have been reported in post-mortem Alzheimer's disease brain. beta-Amyloid is strongly implicated in Alzheimer's pathology and can be formed intracellularly in neurones. We have investigated the possibility that beta-amyloid itself disrupts mitochondrial function. Isolated rat brain mitochondria have been incubated with the beta-amyloid alone or together with nitric oxide, which is known to be elevated in Alzheimer's brain. Mitochondrial respiration, electron transport chain complex activities, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity and pyruvate dehydrogenase activity have been measured. Beta-amyloid caused a significant reduction in state 3 and state 4 mitochondrial respiration that was further diminished by the addition of nitric oxide. Cytochrome oxidase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and pyruvate dehydrogenase activities were inhibited by beta-amyloid. The K(m) of cytochrome oxidase for reduced cytochrome c was raised by beta-amyloid. We conclude that beta-amyloid can directly disrupt mitochondrial function, inhibits key enzymes and may contribute to the deficiency of energy metabolism seen in Alzheimer's disease.
Exploiting off-chip memory access modes in high-level synthesis (1997)

Memory-intensive behaviors often contain large arrays that are synthesized into off-chip memories. With the increasing gap between on-chip and off-chip memory access delays, it is imperative to exploit the efficient access mode features of modern-day memories (e.g., page-mode DRAMs) in order to alleviate the memory bandwidth bottleneck. Our work addresses this issue by: (a) modeling realistic off-chip memory access modes for High-Level Synthesis (HLS), (b) presenting algorithms to infer applicability of HLS with these memory access modes, and (c) transforming input behavior to provide further memory access optimizations during HLS. We demonstrate the utility of our approach using a suite of memory-intensive benchmarks with a realistic DRAM library module. Experimental results show a significant performance improvement (more than 40\%) as a result of our optimization techniques.
Dendrite-Free Li-Metal Battery Enabled by a Thin Asymmetric Solid Electrolyte with Engineered Layers (2017)

The key bottleneck troubling the application of solid electrolyte is the contradictory requirements from Li-metal and cathode, which need high modulus to block Li-dendrite penetration and flexibility to enable low interface resistance, respectively. This study describes a thin asymmetrical design of solid electrolyte to address these shortcomings. In this architecture, a rigid ceramic-layer modified with an ultrathin polymer is toward Li-metal to accomplish dendrite-suppression of Li-anode, and a soft polymer-layer spreads over the exterior and interior of cathode to endow connected interface simultaneously. This ingenious arrangement endows solid Li-metal batteries with extremely high Coulombic efficiency and cyclability. This work will open up one avenue for realizing safe and long-life energy storage systems.
Gravity inversion of basement relief and estimation of density contrast variation with depth (2006)

Abstract We present a method to estimate the basement relief as well as the density contrast at the surface and the hyperbolic decaying factor of the density contrast with depth, assuming that the gravity anomaly and the depth to the basement at a few points are known. In both cases, the interpretation model is a set of vertical rectangular 2D prisms whose thicknesses are parameters to be estimated and that represent the depth to the interface separating sediments and basement. The solutions to both problems are stable because of the incorporation of additional prior information about the smoothness of the estimated relief and the depth to the basement at a few locations, presumably provided by boreholes. The method was tested with synthetic gravity anomalies produced by simulated sedimentary basins with smooth relief, providing not only well-resolved estimated relief, but also good estimates for the density contrasts at the surface and for the decaying factors of the density contrast with depth. The method was applied to the Bouguer anomaly from Recôncavo Basin, estimating the surface density contrast and the decaying factor of the density contrast with depth as −0.30g/cm3 and 30 km, respectively.
A 0.5V 1.6mW 2.4GHz fractional-N all-digital PLL for Bluetooth LE with PVT-insensitive TDC using switched-capacitor doubler in 28nm CMOS (2017)

This paper proposes an ultra-low-voltage (ULV) fractional-N all-digital PLL (ADPLL) powered from a single 0.5 V supply. While its DCO runs directly at 0.5 V, a switched-capacitor DC-DC converter doubles the supply voltage to all the digital circuitry and regulates the TDC supply to stabilize its resolution thus maintaining fixed inband phase noise (PN) across PVT. The ADPLL supports a 2-point modulation and forms a Bluetooth LE (BLE) transmitter realized in 28 nm CMOS. It achieves in-band PN of -106 dBc/Hz (FoM of -239.2 dB) and RMS jitter of 0.86ps while dissipating only 1.6mW at 40 MHz reference. The power consumption reduces to 0.8 mW during BLE transmission when the DCO switches to open-loop.
Homology modeling and molecular docking simulation of some novel imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-carboxamide (IPA) series as inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2021)

The information derived in this research revealed some potential hits and paved a route for structure-based drug discovery of new hypothetical imidazo pyridine amide analogs as anti-tubercular drug candidates.
Reconfigurable streaming processor core with interconnected floating-point arithmetic units for multicore adaptive signal processing systems (2011)

A reconfigurable and programmable streaming processor core complemented with interconnected arithmetic units for the acceleration of floating-point operations is presented in this paper. The streaming processor can be easily reconfigured to perform a complex scientific algorithm or computations by changing the set of instructions in a central control unit. By using floating-point arithmetic unit with pipeline streaming data flow, floating-point operations can be performed in each cycle resulting in a high-performance scientific computations. The streaming processor is dedicated for a high-performance adaptive signal processing applications. For higher performance, reliability and fault-tolerance scientific computations, the streaming processor would be designed as a tile processor in a multicore streaming processor system.
Virtual Makeup: Foundation, Eye Shadow and Lipstick Simulation (2014)

Realistic makeup simulation can be used to create interactive virtual environments where users can try makeup products in a fast, low-cost and flexible way. Most existing makeup simulators are not appropriate for interactive applications because they don't allow the realistic application of specific products interactively or are based on fixed makeup styles that depend on the same pose and lighting conditions of predefined makeup templates. This paper introduces a new method for makeup simulation that receives a picture with a clean (no makeup) face, and decomposes the facial region into several frequency bands. Each band is processed individually to conceal or enhance facial texture and color features that can be affected by makeup. A specific makeup product is defined by a set of properties that change the texture and color features. To allow the interaction among several makeup products, the method uses a layered representation that can mimic the application of a sequence of products. We present a real-time implementation of the method that simulates the application of foundation, eye shadow and lipstick. The software was developed in C++ and can process one high resolution (1018×990) facial image in about 80 ms and one low resolution (640×480) in about 30ms.
Emerging urinary biomarkers in the diagnosis of acute kidney injury (2008)

BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) represents a common and devastating problem in clinical medicine. The lack of early biomarkers for AKI has led to a delay in initiating potentially effective therapies. OBJECTIVE: Identification of novel urinary biomarkers for AKI that have progressed to the clinical phase of the biomarker discovery process. METHODS: A literature review (PubMed, MedLine) from 2000 to the present. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS;: The most promising AKI biomarkers include neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, IL-18, kidney injury molecule-1 and liver-type fatty acid binding protein. Studies to validate the sensitivity and specificity of these biomarkers in clinical samples from large cohorts and from multiple clinical situations are in progress, facilitated by the development of commercial tools for their measurement.
Speech Perception in Classroom Acoustics by Children With Cochlear Implants and With Typical Hearing (2016)

These results support the acoustic standards of 0.6 s RT for children with typical hearing and 0.3 s RT for children with auditory issues in learning spaces (≤283 m3) as specified in standards S12.60-2010/Part 1 of the American National Standards Institute /Acoustical Society of America (2010). In addition, speech perception testing in a low-reverberant booth overestimated classroom listening ability in children with cochlear implants.
[The effect of tobacco smoking on tissue oxygen balance]. (1991)

Oxygen tension (pO2) in the muscles was studied in 90 healthy young males: 60 were tobacco (cigarette) smokers and 30 were non-smokers. In the smokers pO2 in the muscles was higher than in the non-smokers. Functional tests revealed worsening of O2 to the tissues and reduced tissue metabolism intensity. The latter occurred against the background of quantitative and qualitative compensatory reactions of pO2 regulation mechanisms directed for improvement of O2 transport and tissue aeration indicating a negative effect of smoking on the capacity of tissue cells to utilize O2 in aerobic breathing.
Hyperthermia worsens ischaemic brain injury through destruction of microvessels in an embolic model in rats (2012)

These results demonstrate that hyperthermia exacerbates the destruction of microvascular integrity possibly by increasing the activities of MMP-2, MMP-9 and uPA in the ischaemic cerebral tissues.
Antiphospholipid antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus: evidence of an association with positive Coombs' and hypocomplementemia. (1988)

Anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) were evaluated in 65 consecutive patients with systemic lupus erythematosus using an enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) and were detected in 14 (22%). There was no association of aCL with active disease, specific clinical manifestations, high DNA binding or circulating immune complex levels. The presence of aCL was associated with lupus anticoagulant activity (p less than 0.001), positive VDRL (p less than 0.05), and lower mean platelet counts (p less than 0.05) and C3 levels (p less than 0.05). Both aCL and lupus anticoagulant activity were associated with positive Coombs' (p less than 0.01) and low C4 (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05, respectively). Analysis of red blood cell (RBC) eluates and absorption studies using fixed RBC suggested that some aCL may act as anti-RBC antibodies, likely directed at membrane phospholipid epitopes. Furthermore, we hypothesize that complement may participate as a cofactor maximizing lupus anticoagulant activity.
A novel one-step process for enzymatic incorporation of amino acids into proteins: application to soy protein and flour for enhancing their methionine levels. (1979)

It is known that amino acid esters added in a protein hydrolysate are covalently incorpo-rated during the plastein reaction. As its modification, a novel simplified process was de-veloped which permitted incorporation of L-methionine directly into soy protein during treat-ment with papain. This process is characterized by its requirement for a very high substrate (protein) concentration and an alkaline pH condition. Racemic DL-methionine ethyl ester could be used to incorporate the L-isomer only. The amount of L-methionine incorporated varied depending on the amount of formulation of L-methionine ethyl ester; it was easily feasible to obtain final products with almost expected methionine contents. From an economic point of view, defatted soy flour was used as starting material, with a satisfactory result that the methionine level was enhanced in a large measure.
The oxygen free radical system: from equations through membrane-protein interactions to cardiovascular injury and protection (1992)

Highly toxic oxygen radicals and their metabolites have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ischaemia/reperfusion injury. These reactive oxygen species include the superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, and singlet oxygen. The central theme of this review is first to discuss the basic mechanisms of free radical generation from various potential sources, to point out and emphasise the growing importance of the role of singlet oxygen, and then to discuss in depth membrane-protein interactions that ultimately lead to myocardial damage and dysfunction. With this background, we highlight several novel therapeutic strategies aimed at interrupting the oxygen free radical mediated component of ischaemia/reperfusion injury. It is hoped that this thesis will then serve as a future impetus to challenge these hypotheses and further build on this truly unique system that has assumed such an important role in the pathophysiology of myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion and inflammation. "To those of us who are humbly exploring the mysteries of science, we must project our findings and model our systems. For if correct, we have made a small contribution and, if wrong, we have forced others to eventually think." A V Hill, on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of E H Starling's Linacre lecture (University College, London, 1968).
The Effect of Carbon Nanotube Dispersion on CO Gas Sensing Characteristics of Polyaniline Gas Sensor (2006)

Polyaniline is one of the most promising conducting polymers for gas sensing applications due to its relatively high stability and n or p type doping capability. However, the conventionally doped polyaniline still exhibits relatively high resistivity, which causes difficulty in gas sensing measurement. In this work, the effect of carbon nanotube (CNT) dispersion on CO gas sensing characteristics of polyaniline gas sensor is studied. The carbon nanotube was synthesized by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) using acetylene and argon gases at 600 degrees C. The Maleic acid doped Emeradine based polyaniline was synthesized by chemical polymerization of aniline. CNT was then added and dispersed in the solution by ultrasonication and deposited on to interdigitated AI electrode by solvent casting. The sensors were tested for CO sensing at room temperature with CO concentrations in the range of 100-1000 ppm. It was found that the gas sensing characteristics of polyaniline based gas sensor were considerably improved with the inclusion of CNT in polyaniline. The sensitivity was increased and response/recovery times were reduced by more than the factor of 2. The results, therefore, suggest that the inclusion of CNT in MA-doped polyaniline is a promising method for achieving a conductive polymer gas sensor with good sensitivity, fast response, low-concentration detection and room-operating-temperature capability.
Improving software quality using machine learning (2016)

Software is an entity that keeps on progressing and endures continuous changes, in order to boost its functionality and maintain its effectiveness. During the development of software, even with advanced planning, well documentation and proper process control, are problems that are countered. These defects influence the quality of software in one way or the other which may result into failure. Therefore, in today's neck to neck competition, it is our requirement to control and minimize these defects in software engineering. Software prediction models are typically used to map the patterns of classes of software that are prone to change. This paper highlights the significant analysis in the area's subject to learn and stimulate the association between the metric specifying the object orientation & the concept of change proneness. This would often lead us to rigorous testing so as to find all kinds of possibilities in the data set. We have two views to be addressed: (1) Parameters quantification that affects the quality, functionality and productivity of the software. (2) Machine learning technologies are used for predicting software Here, the focus of the research paper is to equate and compare all of learning methods corresponding to performance parameter with its statistical method & methodology which would often results enhanced. Data points are the basis for prediction of models.
Ethylene Receptor 1 (ETR1) Is Sufficient and Has the Predominant Role in Mediating Inhibition of Ethylene Responses by Silver in Arabidopsis thaliana (2012)

Ethylene influences many processes in Arabidopsis thaliana through the action of five receptor isoforms. All five isoforms use copper as a cofactor for binding ethylene. Previous research showed that silver can substitute for copper as a cofactor for ethylene binding activity in the ETR1 ethylene receptor yet also inhibit ethylene responses in plants. End-point and rapid kinetic analyses of dark-grown seedling growth revealed that the effects of silver are mostly dependent upon ETR1, and ETR1 alone is sufficient for the effects of silver. Ethylene responses in etr1-6 etr2-3 ein4-4 triple mutants were not blocked by silver. Transformation of these triple mutants with cDNA for each receptor isoform under the promoter control of ETR1 revealed that the cETR1 transgene completely rescued responses to silver while the cETR2 transgene failed to rescue these responses. The other three isoforms partially rescued responses to silver. Ethylene binding assays on the binding domains of the five receptor isoforms expressed in yeast showed that silver supports ethylene binding to ETR1 and ERS1 but not the other isoforms. Thus, silver may have an effect on ethylene signaling outside of the ethylene binding pocket of the receptors. Ethylene binding to ETR1 with silver was ∼30% of binding with copper. However, alterations in the K(d) for ethylene binding to ETR1 and the half-time of ethylene dissociation from ETR1 do not underlie this lower binding. Thus, it is likely that the lower ethylene binding activity of ETR1 with silver is due to fewer ethylene binding sites generated with silver versus copper.
Micromanipulation of human gametes for assisted fertilization (1993)

The techniques of partial zona dissection, subzonal sperm insertion, and intracytoplasmic sperm injection have been clinically employed to alleviate aberrations of human gamete interaction. This article reviews the current status of assisted fertilization technology and its relevance in treating male infertility. Indications for the application of each technique and factors affecting outcome are discussed.