gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acousto-Optic Processor For Identification And Communication: Laboratory Results (1988)

This paper describes laboratory tests performed on a single channel multiplicative space integrating acousto-optic correlator/receiver. These tests were performed to demonstrate the feasibility of using a similar multi-channel system to perform synchronization and demodulation of two types of spread spectrum signals. Laboratory results demonstrating coherent and noncoherent correlation postprocessing techniques are presented for both types of spread spectrum signals.
Orally Active Carbapenem Antibiotics I. Antibacterial and Pharmacokinetic Potential of 2‐Phenyl and 2‐Thienylcarbapenems. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Measuring the Modal Content of Large-Mode-Area Fibers (2009)

Spatially and spectrally resolved imaging of mode content in fibers, or more simply, S <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> imaging, is a new measurement technique for analyzing the mode content of large-mode-area (LMA) fibers. It works by spatially resolving the spectral interference that occurs when light in a few-mode fibers scatters into different modes that then propagate with different group delays. A scanning spatial filter in the form of a single-mode fiber probe coupled to an optical spectrum analyzer is utilized to provide both spatial and spectral resolution, and the data are analyzed via the Fourier transform of the optical spectrum. The wealth of data allows for imaging multiple modes simultaneously propagating in the fiber under test as well as quantifying their relative power levels. In addition, the ability to analyze mode images as a function of modal group delay allows distinguishing between discrete scattering at fiber surfaces and distributed scattering that occurs along the length of the LMA fiber. The all-fiber nature of the setup makes the measurement sufficiently stable to measure phase images of the higher order modes (HOMs). Because the method is interferometrically based, even very weak HOMs can be detected.
Measurement of flow of cerebrospinal fluid in shunts by transcutaneous thermal convection (2005)

With the goal of developing a practical method of performing noninvasive measurements of flow in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunts, transcutaneous thermal convection CSF shunt flow measurement was investigated using dimensional analysis, numerical modeling, and bench testing. Using appropriate manufacturing practices and controls, a microcontroller-based device was designed, constructed, and clinically tested. Flow was detected in functioning shunts nine times in 10 attempts. One test failed due to postoperative edema, and subsequent testing was limited to patients who had not undergone shunt surgery within the previous 2 weeks. On the basis of these data and previous reports, 510(k) clearance was granted by the Food and Drug Administration for detection of flow in CSF shunts. Flow in CSF shunts can be detected noninvasively and cost effectively by using a simple thermal convection system. The positive and negative predictive values of the test are equal to or greater than those of brain imaging and radionuclide shunt studies.
Kinetic study of wall collisions in a coaxial Hall discharge (2002)

Coaxial Hall discharges (also known as Hall thrusters, stationary plasma thrusters, and closed-drift accelerators) are cross-field plasma sources under development for space propulsion applications. The importance of the electron-wall interaction to the Hall discharge operation is studied the through analysis of experimental data and simulation of the electron energy distribution function (EEDF) inside the discharge channel. Experimental time-average plasma property data from a laboratory Hall discharge are used to calculate the electron conductivity and to estimate the rate of wall-loss collisions. The electron Boltzmann equation is then solved in the local field limit, using the experimental results as inputs. The equation takes into account ionization and wall collisions, including secondary electrons produced at the wall. Local electron balances are used to calculate the sheath potential at the insulator walls. Results show an EEDF depleted at high energy due to electron loss to the walls. The calculated EEDFs agree well with experimental electron temperature data when the experimentally determined effective collision frequency is used for electron momentum transport. The electron wall-loss and wall-return frequencies are extremely low compared to those predicted by a Maxwellian of equal average energy. The very low frequency of wall collisions suggests that secondary electrons do not contribute to cross-field transport. This conclusion holds despite significant experimental uncertainty.
Multiple gratings simultaneously formed in holographic polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal displays (2000)

We report single-layer holographic polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal materials with multiple reflection and/or diffraction gratings. Three switchable gratings are observed in a single film formed in a three-beam interference pattern. Two reflection gratings and one transmission grating are formed, corresponding to each of the three possible two-beam interference fringes. We present scanning electron microscopy and electro-optic results which are in good agreement with our model based on matrix methods and coupled-wave theory.
Laser-beam pulse shaping using spectral beam deflection (1993)

Laser-beam temporal pulse shaping is examined using a technique based on beam deflection. The deflection is induced by encoding the beam with phase-modulated bandwidth and passing the beam through a diffraction grating. Pulse-shaping examples are modeled numerically to determine the resolution of this technique. Other applications using this method of spectral beam deflection are discussed.
Anticoagulant-Resistant Rats: Possible Control by the Use of the Chloro Analog of Vitamin K <sub>1</sub> (1973)

Strains of wild rats that are resistant to the anticoagulant action of coumarins and derivatives of indandione have been discovered in a number of geographic areas. These rats have now been shown to be more susceptible than normal rats are to the anticoagulant action of the vitamin K antagonist, 2-chloro-3-phytyl-1,4-naphthoquinone. This compound, either alone or in combination with warfarin, would appear to be an effective rodenticide in areas where resistance to the indirect anticoagulants is a problem.
A Review on the Recent Development of Capacitive Wireless Power Transfer Technology (2017)

Capacitive power transfer (CPT) technology is an effective and important alternative to the conventional inductive power transfer (IPT). It utilizes high-frequency electric fields to transfer electric power, which has three distinguishing advantages: negligible eddy-current loss, relatively low cost and weight, and excellent misalignment performance. In recent years, the power level and efficiency of CPT systems has been significantly improved and has reached the power level suitable for electric vehicle charging applications. This paper reviews the latest developments in CPT technology, focusing on two key technologies: the compensation circuit topology and the capacitive coupler structure. The comparison with the IPT system and some critical issues in practical applications are also discussed. Based on these analyses, the future research direction can be developed and the applications of the CPT technology can be promoted.
Design and performance of a novel magnetocaloric heat pump (2016)

The design and preliminary results of an active magnetic refrigeration prototype for room temperature cooling applications are investigated. The physical prototype along with its operational and measurement envelopes are described. General design goals included: A wide range of cycle parameter control, independent fluid and magnetic circuits, extensive measurement capability, and compact overall design. An initial set of measurements has been made with Gadolinium particulate of an industrial purity. The maximum no-load span recorded was 21 K and the maximum power recorded was 26 W at a span of 1 K. Additionally, three different cyclical parameters have been varied to help determine the optimal cycle for such a machine. The unique modularity and control of this system will allow for a detailed understanding of the operation of commercial active magnetic regeneration designs.
Reversible water-swellable chitin gel (1997)

A novel, reversible, water-swellable chitin gel has been produced by the carboxymethylation of a dry chitin film. The property of this material is that unlike carboxymethyl-chitin, it takes up water but is not soluble and retains a degree of rigidity even when wet. The degree of swelling depends on the reaction conditions and alkali (sodium or potassium hydroxide) used as a co-reactant during the carboxymethylation. Upon drying, the gel returns to its dry film form. This water uptake and loss is cyclic, which is a desirable property in certain applications and is a tremendous advantage in the handling of this material. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35: 2049–2053, 1997
Nonvolatile memory based on mobile protons (2002)

We have found that mobile protons can be introduced into the gate or buried oxide layer(s) of Si-SiO/sub 2/-Si structures with high O vacancy densities via annealing treatments in a hydrogen-containing ambient (e.g. forming gas). These mobile protons are confined within the oxide layer, and their space-charge distribution is easily controlled by an applied gate bias. The resulting proton motion modulates the Si conduction layer conductivity, an effect that can be exploited to form nonvolatile memory elements; the size of the memory window is proportional to the hysteresis due to the proton motion. Speed, retention, endurance, and radiation tolerance data on test structures suggest that this effect can potentially be exploited to develop a low-power, radiation tolerant nonvolatile memory technology. The present status of the protonic memory development activity is discussed, and issues for technology insertion are highlighted.
An Extensible Orthopedic Wire Navigation Simulation Platform (2019)

The demand for simulation-based skills training in orthopaedics is steadily growing. Wire navigation, or the ability to use 2D images to place an implant through a specified path in bone, is an area of training that has been difficult to simulate given its reliance on radiation based fluoroscopy. Our group previously presented on the development of a wire navigation simulator for a hip fracture module. In this paper, we present a new methodology for extending the simulator to other surgical applications of wire navigation. As an example, this paper focuses on the development of an iliosacral wire navigation simulator. We define three criteria that must be met to adapt the underlying technology to new areas of wire navigation; surgical working volume, system precision, and tactile feedback. The hypothesis being that techniques which fall within the surgical working volume of the simulator, demand a precision less than or equal to what the simulator can provide, and that require the tactile feedback offered through simulated bone can be adopted into the wire navigation module and accepted as a valid simulator for the surgeons using it. Using these design parameters, the simulator was successfully configured to simulate the task of drilling a wire for an iliosacral screw. Residents at the University of Iowa successfully used this new module with minimal technical errors during use.
IDENTIFYING VIDEO CONTENT CONSISTENCY BY VECTOR QUANTIZATION (2005)

Many post-production videos such as movies and cartoons present well structured story-lines organized in separated visual scenes. Accurate grouping of shots into these logical segments could lead to semantic indexing of scenes for interactive multimedia retrieval and video summaries. In this paper we introduce a novel shot-based analysis approach which aims to cluster together shots with similar visual content. We demonstrate how the use of codebooks of visual codewords (generated by a vector quantization process) represents an effective method to identify clusters containing shots with similar long-term consistency of chromatic compositions. The clusters, obtained by a single-link clustering algorithm, allow the further use of the well-known scene transition graph framework for logical story unit detection and pattern investigation.
Two reduced-order approaches for characterizing the acoustic output of high-power medical ultrasound transducers (2017)

An approach that combines numerical modeling with measurements is gaining acceptance for field characterization in medical ultrasound. The general method is suitable for accurate simulation of the fields radiated by therapeutic transducers in both water and tissue. Here, three characterization methods are compared. Simulations based on the 3D Westervelt equation with a boundary condition determined from acoustic holography measurements are used as the most accurate benchmark method. Two simplified methods are based on an axially symmetric nonlinear parabolic formulation, either the KZK equation or its wide-angle extension. Various approaches for setting a boundary condition to the parabolic models are presented and discussed. Simulation results obtained with the proposed methods are compared for a typical therapeutic array and a strongly focused single-element transducer, with validation measurements recorded by a fiber optic hydrophone at the focus at increasing acoustic outputs. It is shown that the wide-angle parabolic model is more accurate than the KZK model in governing diffraction effects in the nearfields of the focused beams. However, both methods give accurate results in the focal zone, even at very high outputs when shocks are present. [Work supported by and RSF 14-12-00974, P01 DK043881, NIH EB7643, and NSBRI through NASA 9-58.]
Spent Coffee Grounds as a Versatile Source of Green Energy (2008)

The production of energy from renewable and waste materials is an attractive alternative to the conventional agricultural feed stocks such as corn and soybean. This paper describes an approach to extract oil from spent coffee grounds and to further transesterify the processed oil to convert it into biodiesel. This process yields 10-15% oil depending on the coffee species (Arabica or Robusta). The biodiesel derived from the coffee grounds (100% conversion of oil to biodiesel) was found to be stable for more than 1 month under ambient conditions. It is projected that 340 million gallons of biodiesel can be produced from the waste coffee grounds around the world. The coffee grounds after oil extraction are ideal materials for garden fertilizer, feedstock for ethanol, and as fuel pellets.
Monoclonal antibodies to breast cancer-associated antigens as potential reagents in the management of breast cancer (1984)

Monoclonal antibodies reactive with the surface of human breast carcinoma cells have been generated and characterized. The immunogens used were membrane-enriched fractions of metastatic carcinoma lesions. The various monoclonals were shown to react with previously known as well as with novel tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). The most specific of the latter group is monoclonal B72.3, which is reactive with a 220,000 to 400,000 high-molecular-weight glycoprotein complex found in 50% of human mammary carcinomas and 80% of human colon carcinomas. Monoclonal antibody B6.2, which recognizes a 90,000-d glycoprotein, was radiolabeled and shown to efficiently localize human carcinoma transplants in athymic mice via gamma imaging without the use of second antibody or background subtraction manipulations. F(ab')2 and Fab' fragments were shown to be more efficient for tumor localization than intact immunoglobulin. Whereas the phenomenon of antigenic heterogeneity of tumor cell populations has long been known to exist, this phenomenon was also shown to manifest itself as antigenic modulation, in which specific TAAs can modulate their expression on the cell surface concurrent with different phases of the cell cycle. A phenomenon known as antigen evolution, in which a specific cloned tumor cell population can gradually drift in antigenic phenotype, has also been demonstrated. Recombinant interferon has been employed to (1) enhance the expression of specific TAAs on the surface of tumor cells already expressing the antigen; and (2) induce the expression of specific TAAs on the surface of carcinoma cells not previously expressing the antigen. The clinical implications of such phenomena in gamma scanning for the detection of tumor masses and for tumor immunotherapy are discussed. Methods for circumvention of problems inherent in the clinical use of monoclonal antibodies are also addressed.
Synthesis and biological activities of 2-Pyrimidinone Nucleosides. III.<sup>1,2</sup>5-Alkynyl-2-Pyrimidinone 2′-Deoxyribosides (1985)

Abstract The syntheses of 5-ethynyl-, 5-phenylethynyl- and 5-propynyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone 2′-deoxyribosides are described. Two of the new nucleosides, 14 a and 14 c, showed significant antiviral activities against HSV-1 and HSV-2 in tissue culture.
Rethinking Capacity Management (2016)

Capacity management assures that sufficient supply of application capacity is online to continuously serve user demand with acceptable service quality. Demand management influences customer demand for a service and the provision of capacity to meet that demand. Performance management assures that user demand below online configured capacity is served with acceptable quality. Capacity management consists of two interlocked processes: capacity decision and planning; and capacity action fulfillment. This chapter discusses the following ICT capacity management models: traditional capacity management; ITIL capacity management; and eTOM capacity management. There are three fundamental capacity management problems of cloud computing: physical resource capacity management; virtual resource capacity management; and application capacity management. Service delivery to cloud service users can be viewed as a value chain in which cloud service users are served by cloud service customers via one or more network providers.
Vacuum Enhanced Heat Transfer Through Mammalian Radiator Structures (2008)

Most mammals, including humans, maintain relatively constant internal temperatures despite changes in ambient conditions and fluctuations in internal heat production. To achieve this end, an individual must be able to: 1) protect the internal milieu from external thermal challenges and 2) dissipate excess internally produced heat. Heat is produced as a byproduct of cellular metabolism and is lost to the environment across the body surface. The thermoregulatory challenge is to dissipate excess internally produced heat despite the insulation layers that protect the internal milieu from external thermal influences.
The construction of sutureless cataract incision and the management of corneal astigmatism (1993)

Extrapolating information from equations that govern fluid flow, a theoretical formula is developed for a sutureless cataract incision. This theoretical formula defines the resistance of aqueous outflow as a function of three variables: length of cataract incision, the length of the scleral tunnel, the tortuosity of the outflow channel, and one constant friction factor. The nonlinear relationship of corneal incisions to length, depth, and distance from the visual axis is also examined with respect to their effect on central corneal curvature and control of astigmatism. Finite element analysis of differential equations is discussed as the most plausible technique for predicting these incisional effects.
<sup>99m</sup>Tc(CO)<sub>3</sub>(NTA) and <sup>131</sup>I-OIH: Comparable Plasma Clearances in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (2013)

Results in patients with renal failure show the clearance and rate of urine excretion of (99m)Tc(CO)3(NTA) to be equivalent to that of (131)I-OIH.
Tl-Ca-Ba-Cu-O superconducting oxides (1989)

This paper reviews structural studies of Tl-Ca-Ba-Cu-O superconducting oxides by the authors and others and points out directions for future work.
High-Power Sensitized Erbium Optical Fiber Amplifier (1991)

Much of the recent discussion regarding the systems deployment of erbium-doped fiber optical amplifiers has focussed on the pump source. Ideally, when choosing which pump band to use, one desires high efficiency, quantum limited noise performance, and the availability of a long-lived semiconductor based pump source. Initial experiments focussed on the 800 nm pump band of erbium due to its coincidence with commercidy-available high-power AlGaAs diode lasers.
Measurement method for profiling the residual stress and the strain-optic coefficient of an optical fiber (2002)

A method, believed novel, is demonstrated for determining the strain-optic coefficient profile as well as the residual-stress profile of an optical fiber by use of a modified polariscope combined with a fiber-elongation apparatus. Measurement results of the residual-stress and the strain-optic coefficient profiles for Ge-doped and Er-Ge-Al-doped optical fibers are demonstrated with this method.
Mapped Memory Interface for Communications between Multiple Computers. (1994)

Abstract : An inventive mapped memory interface product and process are provided. The inventive product carries out the steps of transmitting an information packet between a provider and a consumer processor; using the information packet to map a portion in a shared memory to which data will be transferred from a provider processor and from which the data will be extracted via a consumer processor; using the information packet to tell the consumer processor where the data is located; directing the local memory of both the provider processor and consumer processor to the portion mapped in the shared memory; transferring data from the provider processor to the mapped portion in the shared memory; and extracting the data from the mapped portion of the shared memory and transferring it in the local memory of the consumer computer.
Progress Toward a Low-Cost Millimeter-Wave (2005)

This paper discusses the circuits, packaging, and antennas needed to realize a low-cost millimeter-wave transceiver with integrated antenna in silicon technology. The principal application envisioned is in high-speed 60-GHz wireless networks, but the concepts may be applicable to other products as well, such as 77-GHz radar sensors. Circuit results are presented for both 60 and 77 GHz, including an LNA, a highly-integrated direct downconverter, a mixer for a superheterodyne receiver, and a power amplifier. Packaging issues which arise at millimeter-wave frequencies are discussed, and a packaging approach involving a Si IC and a planar antenna in the same package is described. Measurement results for a planar Vivaldi antenna are presented as an example.
New Aqueous Injection Molding Process for Ceramic Powders (1989)

An aqueous injection molding process based on the gelling properties of certain naturally occurring polysaccharides, in particular agar, and its purified derivative, agarose, is described. The materials form nonviscous solutions at temperatures near 100°C which solidify to rigid gels upon cooling below the so‐called gel point temperature, 37°C. Gels formed by these materials are strong, nominally 1500 g/cm 2 for agar and 2500 g/cm 2 for agarose at 3 wt% concentration. Molded parts can be dried and fired without use of absorbent powders or special debinding operations of any kind.