gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Orbital Filter Aiding of a High Sensitivity GPS Receiver for Lunar Missions (2017)

Recent studies have shown that weak global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals could potentially be used to navigate from Earth to the Moon. This would increase autonomy, robustness, and flexibility of the navigation architectures for future lunar missions. However, the utilization of GNSS signals at very high altitudes close to the Moon can be significantly limited by the very low power levels seen at the receiver's antenna. This can result in a strongly reduced visibility of the GNSS satellites, which can worsen the already poor relative geometry of the GNSS receiver to the GNSS satellites. Furthermore, during most of a Moon transfer orbit (MTO), the very weak GNSS signals are also affected by Doppler shifts and Doppler rates larger than the ones generally experienced on Earth, due to the much higher relative dynamics between the receiver and the transmitters. As a consequence, commercial GNSS receivers for terrestrial use cannot successfully acquire and track such signals. More advanced architectures and specific implementations are thus required to use GNSS for lunar missions. In this paper, we propose the use of an adaptive orbital filter to aid the GNSS acquisition and tracking modules and to strongly increase the achievable navigation accuracy. The paper describes the orbital filter architecture and tests results carried out by processing realistic radio frequency (RF) signals generated by our Spirent GSS 8000 full constellation simulator for a highly elliptical MTO.
MXenes for Solar Cells (2021)

Application of two-dimensional MXene materials in photovoltaics has attracted increasing attention since the first report in 2018 due to their metallic electrical conductivity, high carrier mobility, excellent transparency, tunable work function and superior mechanical property. In this review, all developments and applications of the Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> MXene (here, it is noteworthy that there are still no reports on other MXenes' application in photovoltaics by far) as additive, electrode and hole/electron transport layer in solar cells are detailedly summarized, and meanwhile, the problems existing in the related studies are also discussed. In view of these problems, some suggestions are given for pushing exploration of the MXenes' application in solar cells. It is believed that this review can provide a comprehensive and deep understanding into the research status and, moreover, helps widen a new situation for the study of MXenes in photovoltaics.
Sequence and analysis of the rpoB gene of Mycobacterium smegmatis (1995)

The rpoB gene encodes the beta subunit of the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase of bacteria. Mutations in defined areas result in resistance to rifampin. Mycobacterium smegmatis is naturally resistant to rifampin, but analysis of the rpoB gene revealed no identifiable rifampin resistance mutations. Another mechanism of resistance may be present.
Defensive Production Of Quinoline By A Phasmid Insect (<i>Oreophoetes Peruana</i>) (1997)

Adults and nymphs of the Peruvian stick insect Oreophoetes peruana (order Phasmatodea) have a pair of thoracic glands from which they discharge a malodorous fluid when disturbed. The secretion contains a single volatile component, quinoline. Quinoline has not been reported previously from an animal source. The compound proved repellent or topically irritant in assays with ants, spiders, cockroaches and frogs. O. peruana nymphs, at molting, do not extricate the shed cuticular lining of the glands, thereby managing not to lose their secretory supply when they cast their skin. They are able, as a consequence, to discharge secretion even while still teneral after molting.
Direct data-driven control of internal combustion engine test benches using closed-loop experiments (2012)

This paper proposes a direct data-driven design approach for multivariable control of rotational speed and torque dynamics in a dynamic internal combustion engine test bench. The controller parameters are directly identified from data using a suitably extended version of the algorithm introduced in [1], allowing closed-loop experiments to be employed. The proposed controller is designed and validated using an accurate simulator of the internal combustion engine test bench on which a comparison with other model-based control strategies is also shown.
On the notion of redundancy in access control policies (2013)

The evolution of information systems sees an increasing need of flexible and sophisticated approaches for the automated detection of anomalies in security policies. One of these anomalies is redundancy, which may increase the total cost of management of the policies and may reduce the performance of access control mechanisms and of other anomaly detection techniques. We consider three approaches that can remove redundancy from access control policies, progressively reducing the number of authorizations in the policy itself. We show that several problems associated with redundancy are NP-hard. We propose exact solutions to two of these problems, namely the Minimum Policy Problem, which consists in computing the minimum policy that represents the behaviour of the system, and the Minimum Irreducible Policy Problem, consisting in computing the redundancy-free version of a policy with the smallest number of authorizations. Furthermore we propose heuristic solutions to those problems. We also present a comparison between the exact and heuristics solutions based on experiments that use policies derived from bibliographical databases.
Tunable Fabry-Perot filters for coarse and dense WDM systems based on III-V semiconductor material (2000)

Tunable Fabry-Perot filters for coarse and dense WDM systems based on III-V semiconductor material
S-217622, a 3CL Protease Inhibitor and Clinical Candidate for SARS-CoV-2 (2022)

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted the ability of scientists to quickly react to the immense challenge presented to the world. The orally available 3CL protease inhibitor S-217622 is currently progressing through clinical trials and its discovery via structure-based drug design, screening and optimization by Shionogi and Hokkaido University is presented here.
Randomised controlled trial of inhaled corticosteroids in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1998)

Inhaled corticosteroids, even at high doses, were of no physiological or functional benefit in these patients with advanced COPD.
Diagnosis and management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults. (2011)

Community-acquired pneumonia is diagnosed by clinical features (e.g., cough, fever, pleuritic chest pain) and by lung imaging, usually an infiltrate seen on chest radiography. Initial evaluation should determine the need for hospitalization versus outpatient management using validated mortality or severity prediction scores. Selected diagnostic laboratory testing, such as sputum and blood cultures, is indicated for inpatients with severe illness but is rarely useful for outpatients. Initial outpatient therapy should include a macrolide or doxycycline. For outpatients with comorbidities or who have used antibiotics within the previous three months, a respiratory fluoroquinolone (levofloxacin, gemifloxacin, or moxifloxacin), or an oral beta-lactam antibiotic plus a macrolide should be used. Inpatients not admitted to an intensive care unit should receive a respiratory fluoroquinolone, or a beta-lactam antibiotic plus a macrolide. Patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia or who are admitted to the intensive care unit should be treated with a beta-lactam antibiotic, plus azithromycin or a respiratory fluoroquinolone. Those with risk factors for Pseudomonas should be treated with a beta-lactam antibiotic (piperacillin/tazobactam, imipenem/cilastatin, meropenem, doripenem, or cefepime), plus an aminoglycoside and azithromycin or an antipseudomonal fluoroquinolone (levofloxacin or ciprofloxacin). Those with risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus should be given vancomycin or linezolid. Hospitalized patients may be switched from intravenous to oral antibiotics after they have clinical improvement and are able to tolerate oral medications, typically in the first three days. Adherence to the Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society guidelines for the management of community-acquired pneumonia has been shown to improve patient outcomes. Physicians should promote pneumococcal and influenza vaccination as a means to prevent community-acquired pneumonia and pneumococcal bacteremia.
Fast search in main memory databases (1992)

The objective of this paper is to develop and analyze high performance hash based search methods for main memory databases. We define optimal search in main memory databases as the search that requires at most one key comparison to locate a record. Existing hashing techniques become impractical when they are adapted to yield optimal search in main memory databases because of their large directory size. Multi-directory hashing techniques can provide significantly improved directory utilization over single-directory hashing techniques. A multi-directory hashing scheme, called fast search multi-directory hashing, and its generalization, called controlled search multi-directory hashing, are presented. Both methods achieve linearly increasing expected directory size with the number of records. Their performance is compared to existing alternatives.
Characterization of a Novel Giant Scaffolding Protein, CG-NAP, That Anchors Multiple Signaling Enzymes to Centrosome and the Golgi Apparatus (1999)

A novel 450-kDa coiled-coil protein, CG-NAP (centrosome and Golgi localized PKN-associated protein), was identified as a protein that interacted with the regulatory region of the protein kinase PKN, having a catalytic domain homologous to that of protein kinase C. CG-NAP contains two sets of putative RII (regulatory subunit of protein kinase A)-binding motif. Indeed, CG-NAP tightly bound to RIIalpha in HeLa cells. Furthermore, CG-NAP was coimmunoprecipitated with the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), when one of the B subunit of PP2A (PR130) was exogenously expressed in COS7 cells. CG-NAP also interacted with the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 1 in HeLa cells. Immunofluorescence analysis of HeLa cells revealed that CG-NAP was localized to centrosome throughout the cell cycle, the midbody at telophase, and the Golgi apparatus at interphase, where a certain population of PKN and RIIalpha were found to be accumulated. These data indicate that CG-NAP serves as a novel scaffolding protein that assembles several protein kinases and phosphatases on centrosome and the Golgi apparatus, where physiological events, such as cell cycle progression and intracellular membrane traffic, may be regulated by phosphorylation state of specific protein substrates.
Immunophenotyping of Dermal Spindle Cell Tumors: Diagnostic Value of Monocyte Marker Ki-M1p and Histogenetic Considerations (1997)

Various studies have reported the utility of anti-CD34 staining in the differential diagnosis of dermal spindle-cell tumors. To investigate whether monoclonal antibody Ki-M1p might add practical diagnostic information, we examined a total of 120 cutaneous spindle cell neoplasms using a panel of markers. Anti-CD34 antibody QBEnd/10 consistently stained dermatofibrosarcomas, Kaposi's sarcomas, neurofibromas, and, to a lesser extent, hemangiopericytomas. A positive reaction was also found in > 18% of the dermatofibromas. Ki-M1p staining showed an intense immunoreaction in all dermatofibromas, whereas no reactivity was observed in dermatofibrosarcomas. In addition, a subset of cells was labeled in atypical fibroxanthomas and Kaposi's sarcomas. Neurofibromas, spindle-cell hemangioendotheliomas, and hemangiopericytomas were negative. Dermatofibrosarcomas and atypical fibroxanthomas also moderately expressed smooth muscle-specific actin. Immunohistochemically, a discrimination between dermatofibrosarcomas and neurofibromas was possible only by means of an antibody against the nerve growth factor receptor. We conclude that the combination of several antibodies, in particular anti-CD34 and Ki-M1p, may improve the accuracy of diagnostic immunohistochemistry in the field of cutaneous spindle cell tumors. We speculate that dermatofibroma is primarily a macrophage-rich inflammatory lesion in which cytokine secretion induces a secondary proliferation of fibroblasts, whereas dermatofibrosarcoma is likely to issue from primitive dermal cells of uncertain origin.
A reconfigurable optofluidic Michelson interferometer using tunable droplet grating (2010)

This paper presents a novel optofluidic Michelson interferometer based on droplet microfluidics used to create a droplet grating. The droplet grating is formed by a stream of plugs in the microchannel with constant refractive index variation. It has a real-time tunability in the grating period through varying the flow rates of the liquids and index variation via different combinations of liquids. The optofluidic Michelson interferometer is highly sensitive and is suitable for the measurement of biomedical and biochemical buffer solutions. The experimental results show that it has a sensitivity of 66.7 nm per refractive index unit (RIU) and a detection range of 0.086 RIU.
Concentric Drilling Risers for Ultra Deepwater (1998)

Abstract Use of a higher pressure rated riser run inside the marine drilling riser would provide floating rigs with some advantages enjoyed by fixed rigs; the potential to drill underbalanced or near balanced, improved gas handling capability, improved well testing capability, expanded kick control capabilities and increased mud weight rating. Drillers have found areas in ultra-deepwater where the fracture gradient is close to the pore pressure within a few thousand feet of the seafloor. These wells cannot be drilled with conventional equipment. Underbalanced or near balanced drilling which has been successfully used onshore may be the only method to drill such formations. The concentric riser would make it possible. The time and equipment required to test a deepwater well would be significantly reduced if a conventional surface type hook up could be used. However, few rigs will be able to run a concentric riser. The latest generation of drillships, such as the Discoverer Enterprise, will have the capability and equipment to do so. The paper will address the advantages, the operational procedures and hardware needed to utilize a concentric riser safely P. 53
Smart sensing of aviation structures with fiber optic Bragg grating sensors (2000)

We developed a surface mounting technique where fiber-optic Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are glued to the surface of structures and tested the technique on the surface of a CFRP- wing at the DASA Airbus test center Hamburg for over one year. The FBG sensors were interrogated with a measurement system capable of determining the Bragg wavelength in a few seconds over a spectral range of 60 nm (around 1.53 μm) with an absolute accuracy better than 1 pm. A polarization scrambler was used to account for polarization effects. Excellent consistence between the values of electrical strain gauges and the FBG sensors were found during all measurements. However because this method shows drawbacks in a harsher environment such as a flight test, we are currently investigating the possibilities of integrating FBG sensors into the varnish of the structures. For reasons of their better mechanical performance we use FBG sensors produced on the fiber draw-tower with a special UV-curable coating. The sensors are integrated into an original Airbus varnish build- up. We observed linear strain sensitivities in a temperature range between -50 and +100 °C. Furthermore, at negative temperatures we found a vanish- induced polarization dependence which could be used to differentiate between strain and temperature effects.
Schur-convexity of the complete symmetric function (2006)

This paper investigates Schur-convexity of the complete symmetric function c r (x) = i1+...+in=r x i1 1 ...x in n and the function r (x) = cr(x) c r-1 (x) , where i 1 , ..., i n are non-negative integers and r 1. Some inequalities, including Ky Fan type inequality, are established by use of the theory of majorization. It is also concerned with an open problem proposed by Menon [1].
Antimicrobial Functionality of Healthcare Textiles: Current needs, Options, and Characterization of N halamine-Based Finishes (2006)

With the resurgence of infectious diseases, the growing problem of hospital-acquired infections has raised suspicion about the role of textiles as vectors of disease agents. Correspondingly, expectations have arisen about technological solutions to this potential hazard, in the form of functional textiles with built-in antimicrobial power to inactivate disease agents that may contaminate healthcare garments and other textile fiber surfaces and devices. We review those expectations here, with particular emphasis on the current spectrum of pathogens ideally targeted by these antimicrobial properties, the kinds of infectious disease challenges faced in contemporary healthcare workplaces, and the evidence for healthcare textiles having a role in institutional transmission of them. The options available for introducing useful levels of function to textile fibers are discussed, with special reference to new findings on rechargeable N halamine-based textile finishes, and the extent to which they may match the emerging standards for utility and performance of antimicrobial functions. Prospects for adoption of preventive measures based on protective garments and functional surfaces are reviewed, in light of the difficulties in quantifying the impact of antimicrobial textile products in an environment where there are so many contributing causes of the problem.
Facilitating mmWave Mesh Reliability in PPDR Scenarios Utilizing Artificial Intelligence (2019)

The use of advanced AR/VR applications may benefit the efficiency of collaborative public protection and disaster relief (PPDR) missions by providing better situational awareness and deeper real-time immersion. The resultant bandwidth-hungry traffic calls for the use of capable millimeter-wave (mmWave) radio technologies, which are however susceptible to link blockage phenomena. The latter may significantly reduce the network reliability and thus degrade the performance of PPDR applications. Efficient mmWave-based mesh topologies need to, therefore, be constructed, which employ advanced multi-connectivity mechanisms to improve the levels of connectivity. This work conceptualizes predictive blockage avoidance by leveraging emerging artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities. In particular, AI-aided blockage prediction permits the mesh network to reconfigure itself by establishing alternative connections proactively, thus reducing the chances of a harmful link interruption. An illustrative scenario related to a fire suppression mission is then addressed by demonstrating that the proposed approach dramatically improves the connection reliability in dynamic mmWave-based deployments.
Phosphorylation of protein 4.1 on tyrosine-418 modulates its function in vitro. (1991)

Protein 4.1 was initially characterized as a protein that regulates cytoskeletal assembly in erythrocytes. However, recent studies have shown that protein 4.1 is ubiquitous in mammalian cells. Here, we show that protein 4.1 is phosphorylated on tyrosine by the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase. The phosphorylation site has been localized to the 8-kDa domain, which has one tyrosine, tyrosine-418. The 8-kDa region is required for the assembly of the spectrin/actin complex, and phosphorylation by EGFR reduced the ability of protein 4.1 to promote the assembly of the spectrin/actin/protein 4.1 ternary complex. Immunoblotting with anti-phosphotyrosine antibodies showed that purified protein 4.1 contained phosphorylated tyrosine, and this increased upon phosphorylation by EGFR. This suggests that tyrosine phosphorylation of protein 4.1 occurs in vivo and may be functionally significant. The tyrosine phosphorylation site is in the center of a sequence motif that is expressed by a differentiation-specific splicing mechanism.
P‐114: Design of a Transflective LCD in the OCB Mode (2005)

Abstract In this paper we propose a configuration for a single‐cell gap single‐driving‐circuit transflective LCD, which is composed of the optically compensated bend (OCB) mode in the transmissive region and the hybrid aligned nematic (HAN) mode in the reflective region. Optical compensation was made with positive A plates, negative C plates, and wide‐band quarter‐wave plates (WB QWPs). Both the reflective mode and the transmissive mode operate in the normally white mode and have the same gamma curve. WB QWPs provide wide viewing angle characteristics of the transmissive mode.
Repurposing the Antidepressant Sertraline as SHMT Inhibitor to Suppress Serine/Glycine Synthesis–Addicted Breast Tumor Growth (2020)

Metabolic rewiring is a hallmark of cancer that supports tumor growth, survival, and chemotherapy resistance. Although normal cells often rely on extracellular serine and glycine supply, a significant subset of cancers becomes addicted to intracellular serine/glycine synthesis, offering an attractive drug target. Previously developed inhibitors of serine/glycine synthesis enzymes did not reach clinical trials due to unfavorable pharmacokinetic profiles, implying that further efforts to identify clinically applicable drugs targeting this pathway are required. In this study, we aimed to develop therapies that can rapidly enter the clinical practice by focusing on drug repurposing, as their safety and cost-effectiveness have been optimized before. Using a yeast model system, we repurposed two compounds, sertraline and thimerosal, for their selective toxicity against serine/glycine synthesis-addicted breast cancer and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines. Isotope tracer metabolomics, computational docking, enzymatic assays, and drug-target interaction studies revealed that sertraline and thimerosal inhibit serine/glycine synthesis enzymes serine hydroxymethyltransferase and phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, respectively. In addition, we demonstrated that sertraline's antiproliferative activity was further aggravated by mitochondrial inhibitors, such as the antimalarial artemether, by causing G<sub>1</sub>-S cell-cycle arrest. Most notably, this combination also resulted in serine-selective antitumor activity in breast cancer mouse xenografts. Collectively, this study provides molecular insights into the repurposed mode-of-action of the antidepressant sertraline and allows to delineate a hitherto unidentified group of cancers being particularly sensitive to treatment with sertraline. Furthermore, we highlight the simultaneous inhibition of serine/glycine synthesis and mitochondrial metabolism as a novel treatment strategy for serine/glycine synthesis-addicted cancers.