gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An In Vivo Comparison of Hemostatic Gelatin Matrix Products in a Porcine Spleen Biopsy-punch Model. (2015)

Flowable gelatin matrix products have established themselves as effective, easy-to-use hemostatic agents useful in a variety of surgical situations. A recently reformulated gelatin matrix, Surgiflo® (Ethicon Inc., Somerville, NJ), can be prepared quickly and provides consistent flow over an 8-hr. period. No in vivo studies have yet been reported comparing hemostasis with the new Surgiflo to other currently marketed flowable gelatin matrix products. This study was conducted to determine whether Surgiflo in actual use has hemostatic qualities different from another commercial gelatin matrix. An in vivo model based on porcine spleen biopsy punch-induced bleeding was used to compare Surgiflo and Floseal™ (Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Hayward, CA), both with thrombin. Time required to achieve hemostasis and proportion of sites achieving hemostasis within 30 s were determined for both hemostatic agents and a control of saline-soaked gauze. Results were stratified by the degree of initial bleeding (mild, moderate, severe). Hemostasis was achieved within 3 minutes at all sites for both test products regardless of level of initial bleeding, and control sites continued bleeding past 10 minutes. There were no statistically significant differences between Surgiflo and Floseal for either mean time to hemostasis or proportion of sites hemostatic within 30 s. In this realistic in vivo model both gelatin matrix products were effective, and there were no significant differences observed in hemostatic efficacy between Surgiflo and Floseal. Other factors, such as ease of preparation and application, in-use stability, and economic considerations may affect a surgeon's decision in selection of a desirable hemostatic product.
Simulation of the twinkling artifact in color flow Doppler sonography: A phase noise hypothesis validation (2011)

Twinkling artifact is a color flow Doppler sonography artifact appearing as rapidly changing color patterns, surprisingly at location of some non-moving objects such as sediments within tissue. Most studies in this area are as clinical trials and qualitative reports. Although the origin of this artifact is not completely known yet, there are two basic hypotheses suggested by Rahmouni and Kamaya in this regard. None of these hypotheses has been validated through computer simulation in the past. Simulation of twinkling artifact can play an important role in better understanding its origin. In this paper, we have simulated the twinkling artifact based upon the phase noise hypothesis as one of the major theories about its origin, for the first time. Our simulations have been implemented for both the single scan-line pulsed Doppler structure and the B-mode color flow Doppler. In both cases, the twinkling artifact was observed within the expected locations. The results indicate that the intrinsic phase noise in the pulse generation and transmission systems can cause twinkling artifact without considering any motion for the subject or transducer. This is a support for Kamaya's hypothesis.
Use of threat image projection (TIP) to enhance security performance (2009)

Threat Image Projection (TIP) is a software system that is used at airports to project images of threat items amongst the passenger baggage being screened by X-ray. The use of TIP is becoming more widespread and is increasingly being included as part of security regulation. This is due to its purported benefits of improved attention and vigilance, and increased exposure to threat items that are linked to improvements in threat detection performance. Further, the data collected by the TIP system can be used to assess individual performance, provide feedback to screeners, and tailor training to specific performance weaknesses; which can generate further performance improvements. However, TIP will only be successful in enhancing security performance if it is used and managed effectively. In this paper the key areas of effective TIP use and management that enable security performance to be enhanced are highlighted. These include the optimisation of TIP settings, such as the TIP to bag ratio, and image library management. Appropriate setting of these components can lead to improved performance as a facet result of increasing exposure to a suitable range of threat images. The key elements of TIP training are highlighted including the importance of communicating TIP related information and the role of the supervisor in ensuring TIP is used appropriately. Finally, the use of TIP data are examined, including the effective use of TIP for performance assessment and screener feedback and in defining training. The provision of feedback regarding TIP scores has been shown to enhance performance in excess of that achieved by using TIP in isolation. To date, the vast majority of TIP research has been conducted in relation to the screening of carry-on baggage. In the final part of this presentation the use of TIP to enhance performance in other areas such as Hold Baggage Screening (HBS) and Cargo are considered. HBS TIP is associated with different challenges due to its alternative method of operation (to present complete images of a bag and threat item) which imposes demands for the operational set-up and the construction of the image library. The use of TIP in Cargo is associated with a different set of challenges as a result of the diverse nature of items scanned and the screening environment. However, in both these domains, the use of TIP has been associated with the realisation of benefits in line with those achieved for carry-on baggage screening. Through understanding differences in the context in which TIP is used it is possible to understand the differing requirements for its use and management that will enable the benefits of TIP to be realised, enhancing security performance across locations and screening contexts.
PET of Hypoxia: Current and Future Perspectives (2012)

In the past 25 y, a large amount of clinical experience with hypoxia PET tracers has accumulated. This article discusses recent improvements in image acquisition protocols and tracer pharmacology that have resulted in improved understanding of the underlying physiologic processes. The widespread clinical adoption of hypoxia PET tracers will depend largely on their utility in treatment prescription and in outcome monitoring. The establishment and validation of hypoxia-directed treatment protocols are still under development, and it is envisaged that the design and use of future hypoxia PET tracers will develop as part of this process.
Sensitivity of bladder cancer cells to curcumin and its derivatives depends on the extracellular matrix. (2007)

Because the response of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents depends upon the supporting extracellular matrix (ECM), the response in vivo may not be reproduced in 2-dimensional cell culture. The dose-response to curcumin and two derivatives by bladder cancer cells grown on both normal (SISgel) and cancer-derived ECM (Matrigel) and on plastic were contrasted. Cells grown on Matrigel were resistant to curcumins, but cells growing on SISgel, which mimic cancer cells suppressed by normal ECM, were nearly as sensitive as cells grown on plastic. SV40-immortalized urothelial cells, which are models for premalignant cells, were the most sensitive, but even aggressive cell lines were nearly as sensitive when grown on SISgel as on plastic. Curcumin response depends highly on the supporting ECM, and cells grown on plastic poorly models cells growing on natural ECM. Curcumin could prove an effective chemopreventive for bladder cancer recurrence when administered intravesically post-therapy.
A new technique for monolithic D/A conversion (2002)

A technique for monolithic digital-to-analog (D/A) conversion which is based on an extended diode-steering topology is described. Elimination of transistor base-current effects allows high speed and precision to be achieved simultaneously. A practical 16-b converter with a settling time of less than 500 ns to 1/2 LSB is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A performance counter architecture for computing accurate CPI components (2006)

A common way of representing processor performance is to use Cycles per Instruction (CPI) `stacks' which break performance into a baseline CPI plus a number of individual miss event CPI components. CPI stacks can be very helpful in gaining insight into the behavior of an application on a given microprocessor; consequently, they are widely used by software application developers and computer architects. However, computing CPI stacks on superscalar out-of-order processors is challenging because of various overlaps among execution and miss events (cache misses, TLB misses, and branch mispredictions).This paper shows that meaningful and accurate CPI stacks can be computed for superscalar out-of-order processors. Using interval analysis, a novel method for analyzing out-of-order processor performance, we gain understanding into the performance impact of the various miss events. Based on this understanding, we propose a novel way of architecting hardware performance counters for building accurate CPI stacks. The additional hardware for implementing these counters is limited and comparable to existing hardware performance counter architectures while being significantly more accurate than previous approaches.
Reducing Glypican-4 in ES Cells Improves Recovery in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease by Increasing the Production of Dopaminergic Neurons and Decreasing Teratoma Formation (2014)

The heparan sulfate proteoglycan Glypican 4 (Gpc4) is strongly expressed in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells where it controls the maintenance of self-renewal by modulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling activities. Here we show that mouse ES cells carrying a hypomorphic Gpc4 allele, in a single-step neuronal differentiation protocol, show increased differentiation into dopaminergic neurons expressing tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and nuclear receptor related-1 protein (Nurr1) 1. In contrast to wild-type cells, these differentiating Gpc4-mutant cells expressed high levels of DOPA decarboxylase and the dopamine transporter, two markers expressed by fully mature dopaminergic neurons. Intrastriatal transplantation of Gpc4 hypomorphic cells into a 6-OHDA rat model for Parkinson's disease improved motor behavior in the cylinder test and amphetamine-induced rotations at a higher level than transplanted wild-type cells. Importantly, Gpc4 hypomorphic cell grafts, in contrast to wild-type cells, did not generate teratomas in the host brains, leading to strongly enhanced animal survival. Therefore, control of Gpc4 activity level represents a new potential strategy to reduce ES cell tumorigenic features while at the same time increasing neuronal differentiation and integration.
The spatial expression patterns of a phosphate transporter (MtPT1) from <i>Medicago truncatula</i> indicate a role in phosphate transport at the root/soil interface (2001)

The movement of phosphate from the soil into plant root cells is the first of many crucial transport events required to supply phosphorous (P) to cells throughout the plant. In addition to the ability to acquire phosphate from the soil, the majority of the vascular plants are able to form arbuscular mycorrhizal associations in which phosphate may be delivered to the cortex via a fungus. Previously, we cloned two phosphate transporter genes, MtPT1 and MtPT2 from Medicago truncatula roots. Complementation of a yeast phosphate transport mutant revealed that MtPT1 is a functional phosphate transporter and Northern analyses revealed that MtPT1 is expressed exclusively in roots (Liu et al., 1998, Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 11, 14--22). Utilising an antibody specific for MtPT1, we have analysed the accumulation and spatial expression patterns of the MtPT1 transporter. MtPT1 transcript and protein levels show close correlation and increase dramatically in the roots in response to phosphate starvation. MtPT1 protein levels decrease in roots during development of a symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, indicating that this transporter is not involved in symbiotic phosphate transport. Membrane fractionation and analysis of a MtPT1/GFP fusion protein revealed that MtPT1 is located in the plasma membrane, while in situ hybridisation and immunolocalisation demonstrate the presence of MtPT1 transcripts and protein in the epidermal cells and root hairs of M. truncatula roots. MtPT1 shows expression patterns consistent with a role specifically in the acquisition of phosphate from the soil and is distinct from the other phosphate transporter of this class described to date.
Burnout: a wearable system for unobtrusive skeletal muscle fatigue estimation (2016)

Skeletal muscles are pivotal for sports and exercise. However, overexertion of skeletal muscles causes muscle fatigue which can lead to injury. Consequently, understanding skeletal muscle fatigue is important for injury prevention. Current ways to estimate exhaustion revolve around self-estimation or inference from such sensors as force sensors, electromyography e.t.c. These methods are not always reliable, especially during isotonic exercises. Toward this end, we present Burnout - a wearable system for quantifying skeletal muscle fatigue in an exercise setting. Burnout uses accelerometers to sense skeletal muscle vibrations. From these vibrations, Burnout obtains a region based feature (R- Feature), in the case of this work, the region mean power frequency (R-MPF) gradient to correlate the sensed vibrations to a known ground truth measure of skeletal muscle fatigue, i.e., Dimitrov's spectral fatigue index gradient. We evaluate Burnout on the biceps and quadriceps of 5 healthy participants through four different exercises, collected in a real world environment. Our results show that by using this R-MPF feature on our real world data set, Burnout is able to reduce the error of estimating the ground truth fatigue index gradient by up to 50% on average compared to using the standard MPF feature.
Lighting Control: Technology and Applications (2003)

Robert Simpson's comprehensive volume covers all aspects of lighting control systems. It starts with two foundation chapters outlining the basics of electricity, light and electronics as they apply to lighting control. It then reviews all current artificial lightsources, and comments on their suitability for control. A section on lighting control components covers electronic and electromagnetic dimmers, ballasts and transformers. The next section reviews lighting control systems, including those for stage and entertainment, architectural applications, energy management and building control; and includes a chapter on control signals protocols. The final part is an extensive applications review, fully illustrated, covering everything from hotels and cruise ships to homes and churches; and taking in offices, factories, simulators, trains and planes on the way.
Lighting Control: technology and applications brings together information not otherwise available from a single source. It is intended as a training resource within the lighting industry, both for those completely new to the subject, and for those coming to it from another technical field. It will also be useful for lighting designers, consulting engineers and electrical contractors as a reference book covering current and emerging lighting control techniques - with special emphasis on new light sources and new digital control standards. Information, case histories and illustrations for the book have been provided by many leading lighting companies and organizations in North America and Europe.
Vertebral Augmentation With a Novel Vessel-X Bone Void Filling Container System and Bioactive Bone Cement (2007)

Vessel-X was comparable to kyphoplasty in restoring the mechanical properties and height of the fractured vertebrae. Interestingly, Vessel-X instrumentation showed considerably less cement leakage and better cement placement in the vertebral body. Therefore, it could be a leakage controllable technique in percutaneous vertebral augmentation.
Macro-assisted data-only carrier for 5G green cellular systems (2015)

As the commercial operation of 4G systems is speeding up worldwide to meet the increasingly explosive growth of mobile Internet in the 2020 era, a great many R&D efforts targeting the next generation wireless systems (5G) have been launched. With densely deployed small cells in a heterogeneous network, the excessive signaling overhead of conventional carrier design greatly degrades system performance. A new carrier designed for small cells in the next generation system will be highly beneficial toward a green communication network. In this article, we propose a macro-assisted data-only carrier for future 5G networks from a green prospective. With the help of macro base stations, control channel overhead, and cell-specific reference signals for small cells can be minimized to achieve a pure-data carrier. Under this architecture, key procedures are designed including small cell identification and access, synchronization, hand over, and small cell sleeping. Furthermore, to evaluate the potential of our proposed scheme, a complete system and link-level simulation platform according to the current 3GPP LTE standard is built. The simulation results show that our proposed systems, achieving significant performance enhancement of signaling overhead, can lead to more than 17 percent throughput improvement and 90 percent energy efficiency gain over the current LTE HetNet with on-off strategy implemented. The proposed scheme appears to be highly attractive as part of the future 5G green mobile networks.
Security and Privacy for Emerging Augmented Reality Technologies (2019)

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2019
Tunable Microwave Device: Status and Perspective (2005)

State-of-the-art frequency-agile technologies such as semiconductors, micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) and ferrites are briefly overviewed and compared with the emerging ferroelectric techniques such as Ba/sub x/Sr/sub 1-x/TiO/sub 3/ (BST) that are becoming an attractive candidate for designing low-cost and miniaturized tunable integrated microwave devices such as filters and phase shifters. Particularities of ferroelectric materials are summarized and difficulties in connection with the use of BST thin-films in RF monolithic circuit design are addressed. On the basis of a commercially available sol-gel process, BST thin-films have successfully been deposited on alumina substrate to fabricate metal-insulator-metal (MIM) tunable capacitors. Early results of such capacitors at the room temperature indicate that a tunable ratio (C/sub max//C/sub min/) as high as 3.5 can be obtained over 1-6 GHz with 20 biasing voltage (34 V//spl mu/m) even though the ohmic loss remains high. This research also shows a 7% weak effect of hysteresis.
A structural health monitoring method based on magneto-optic imaging technology (2012)

A magneto-optic imaging system is presented in this paper to detect invisible and buried subsurface flaws in metallic structural, which can be used to monitor structural health. The resulting power of the MO imaging system is mainly given by the parameters of the MO thin films, the magnetic excitation device and image processing algorithms. In this paper, the choice of the MO thin films, the design of the magnetic excitation device and the development of the image processing approaches are introduced in detail. Experimental tests have been done and the method presented is evaluated by the experimental results.
An Antiatherogenic Role for Folic Acid in Experimental Diabetes. (1995)

The effect of folic acid on lipoprotein lipase and various lipid fractions was studied in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. An enhanced plasma and hepatic lipoprotein lipase activity has been observed in folate supplemented diabetic animals. The proatherogenic triglycerides and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol+low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were found to be elevated in the diabetic groups, and folic acid supplementation lowered these levels. A significant increase in the antiatherogenic high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels was observed in the diabetic rats on folate supplementation. The ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of 3.93±1.56 observed in the diabetic groups was lowered to 2.04±0.25 on folate supplementation. These observations suggest a role for folic acid as an antiatherogenic agent in experimentally induced diabetes.
Feature Integration, Multi-image Queries and Relevance Feedback in Image Retrieval (2003)

In this paper, we explore the effect of feature integration, multi-image queries, and relevance feedback in enhancing the performance of an image retrieval system. Weighted integration of structure, color and texture features is studied. In addition, we propose a methodology of retrieval consisting of multiple query images, as opposed to the traditionallyused model of a single query image. Two different mechanism of relevance feedback are also proposed and analyzed. Integration of features and feedback significantly improves the performance of the retrieval system.
High sensitivity capacitive humidity sensor with a novel polyimide design fabricated by MEMS technology (2009)

High sensitivity capacitive humidity sensor based on novel designed PI with cavity structure fabricated by MEMS technology is presented in this paper. The humidity sensor consists of a substrate with a cavity, a bottom electrode, a sensing layer, and a comb-shaped top electrode with branches. The cavity structure of the substrate was formed to protect the sensing material and improve reliability. PI was employed for the sensing layer due to its low hysteresis, good linearity, high sensitivity and high resistance to most chemicals. The comb-shaped top electrode was designed to have 50% fill factor with branches and the coated PI was etched by using O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> plasma asher in accordance with the top electrode passivation. This structure could improve the sensitivity and the response time of the humidity sensor due to larger area of contact between the PI and vapor, and shorter pathway of vapor absorption. The humidity sensor was fabricated on a 4 inch silicon wafer by MEMS technology. The humidity sensor with the etched PI showed a high sensitivity of 350 fF/%RH and the response time of 40 sec from room humidity condition to 90%RH. These are more improved results compared with values before PI etching, which are sensitivity of 303 fF/%RH and response time of 122 sec. Further characterizations were carried out to measure the hysteresis and the stability. The humidity sensor showed the hysteresis of 1.3% and maintained stable capacitance values with maximum 0.17% error rate, that are enough values to be used as a reliable humidity sensor in various applications.
Phenotypic and genotypic differences among naturally occuring coxsackie virus B3 variants (1987)

Several naturally occurring variants and two prototype Nancy strains of coxsackie virus B3 (CVB3) were studied comparatively for phenotypic and genotypic properties which would differentiate amyocarditic from myocarditic viruses in mice. Amyocarditic variants replicate to lower litres in heart tissues and produce lower viraemias. The genetic relationship of isolates to the prototype was examined by hybridization (74°C, 0.5 M NaCl) of radiolabelled cDNAs (∼ 7.5 kb) to Southern blot transfers of restriction fragments from five overlapping cDNA clones of CVB3. All variants hold the 5′ nontranslated sequence closely in common. cDNAs of several variants exhibit little or no hybridization with two to five of the six fragments. This molecular technique did not differentiate amyocarditic from myocarditic viruses, but the data show that nature tolerates considerable genotypic changes in the CVB3 genome.