gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Simple Ion Energy Analyser Equipped with a Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer (1976)

A cylindrical mirror analyser to pass tons in the energy range from 0 to 10 eV and at the angle of incidence ranging from 7° to 11° is designed for a co-axial ton energy analyser (IEA) suitable for combining with a quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) for secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). A mass resolution of the combination for Cr+ in SIMS measurement shows approximately that of the QMS in residual gas analysis. An ion detector using the combination to measure the energy distribution of sputtered secondary ions is calibrated with a Na+ ion gun. The energy resolution and the accuracy are within 5 eV and 0.5 eV, in the ion energy range of 5 to 60 eV respectively. Energy distributions of various metal ions including Na+, K+, Cr+, Fe+, Al+, Cu+, Ni+, Ti+, and Si+ are measured under Xe ion bombardment of 0.5 to 2 keV. These are compared with energy distributions measured by other investigators.
Analysis of random common-mode rejection ratio in op-amps (2003)

One of the important nonideal factors causing op-amp errors is the common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR). The CMRR of CMOS op-amps and its statistical characteristics are thoroughly analyzed. The random and deterministic CMRR of a two-stage CMOS op-amp are derived. The statistical characteristics of the total CMRR are discussed. A definition of the CMRR for processes is given. A sample amplifier has been designed for high-speed and high-precision applications. The simulated performances of the op-amp are shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An investigation of formulation factors and processing parameters for the powder-coating of tablets (2008)

Dry powder coating of pharmaceutical dosage forms has been investigated as an alternative method to commonly used liquid based coating techniques.Eudragit L 100-55 and Eudragit L 30 D-55 have been employed in enteric film coatings using aqueous dispersions, organic solutions and compression coating.However, the copolymer has not been investigated in dry powder coating applications.Initially, formulation factors and processing parameters were investigated for the dry powder coating of chlorpheniramine maleate tablets using Eudragit L 100-55 as the delayed release polymer.Powder coating was studied as a method to prevent the migration of an ionizable, highly water soluble model drug into the polymeric film during the coating process.Eudragit L 100-55 was pre-plasticized with triethyl citrate (TEC) using hot-melt extrusion and subsequently ground into a fine powder.Polyethylene glycol 3350 (PEG 3350) was used as a primer and low melting coating excipient to * * 40TEC 3h
Effect of Coordinated Probiotic/Prebiotic/Phytobiotic Supplementation on Microbiome Balance and Psychological Mood State in Healthy Stressed Adults (2019)

Background: Interest in and knowledge of the gut microbiome has increased exponentially in the past decade. This once overlooked component of the gastrointestinal tract is now implicated in multiple aspects of human health, including mental (e.g. depression, anxiety, stress), metabolic (e.g. diabetes/obesity), neurological (e.g. Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Autism Spectrum Disorder), gastrointestinal (e.g. irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn’s), and immunological (e.g. inflammation, cancer) wellness, among others. Previous research has demonstrated the “strain specificity” of probiotic therapy (e.g. Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 for serotonin/depression; Bifidobacterium longum R0175 for GABA/anxiety; Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 for cortisol/stress). Similarly, probiotic bacteria demonstrate different growth trajectories based on availability of preferred fiber substrates (e.g. prebiotics) and phytonutrients such as flavonoids/polyphenols (e.g. phytobiotics). Thus, our objective was two-fold: to determine the change in microbiome ecology/balance and to evaluate the psychological mood state following a coordinated pro-/pre-/phyto-biotic supplementation regimen.Methods: Thirty-two healthy subjects screened for “moderate” levels of psychological stress were randomly assigned to 1-month of Supplement (Amare Fundamentals, N=21) or matching Placebo (N=11). Microbiome balance was assessed in fecal samples using a PCR-based analysis (BiomeTracker) that has previously compared favorably to 16S sequencing for abundance quantification for major phyla/families of bacteria. Psychological mood state parameters were assessed using the validated Profile of Mood States survey (POMS) to generate scores for Global Mood State, and six sub-scales (Depression, Tension, Fatigue, Anger, Confusion, and Vigor).Results: Following supplementation, there was a significant increase in populations of “good” bacteria in the Supplement group (+28% Lactobacillus; +30% Bifidobacterium) and overall composite score (+17%) versus Placebo (p<0.05). Psychological indices were significantly improved in the Supplement group for both positive (+25% Global Mood; +44% Vigor) and negative (-64% Fatigue; -55% Depression; -54% Anger; -45% Tension; -43% Confusion) mood state parameters versus Placebo (p<0.05).Conclusion: The World Health Organization has identified mental wellness issues as the leading contributor to global health burden – highlighting the urgency to develop lifestyle interventions to effectively manage depression, anxiety, and stress. These results demonstrate the close relationship between microbiome balance and psychological parameters – and the utility of targeted supplementation to positively influence the gut-brain-axis for improved mental wellness.Keywords: Lactobacillus helveticus, Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, depression, anxiety, stress, vigor, mood state, mental wellness
Verifying data integrity of electronically scanned pressure systems at the NASA Glenn Research Center (2002)

The proper operation of the Electronically Scanned Pressure (ESP) Systems at the NASA Glenn Research Center is critical to accomplish the following goals; acquisition of highly accurate pressure data for the development of future aerospace and commercial aviation systems and continuous confirmation of data quality to avoid costly, unplanned, repeat wind tunnel or turbine testing. Standard automated setup and checkout routines are necessary to accomplish these goals. Data verification and integrity checks occur at three distinct stages, pre-test pressure tubing and system checkouts, daily system validation and in-test confirmation of critical system parameters. This paper will give an overview of the existing hardware, software and methods used to validate data integrity.
Whipple's Disease and Tropheryma whippelii: Secrets Slowly Revealed (2001)

Whipple's disease was described in 1907 and was designated "intestinal lipodystrophy," despite the detection of bacteria in 1 specimen. This finding was later substantiated by the success of antibiotic therapy, which resulted in dramatic clinical responses, and by use of electron microscopy, which detected monomorphic bacilli in affected tissues. Many attempts at culture failed, and these bacteria were characterized as actinomycetes for the first time by means of broad-range 16S rDNA amplification and molecular phylogenetic methods. The name "Tropheryma whippelii" was proposed for this bacterium. Whipple's disease is a systemic disease that affects many organ systems, producing protean manifestations. This article summarizes recent developments with regard to this topic as well as unanswered questions regarding the pathogenesis and acquisition of infection, the biology and ecology of the organism, the clinical spectrum of disease, diagnosis of the disease, and therapy.
A Network Algorithm for Performing Fisher's Exact Test in <i>r</i> × <i>c</i> Contingency Tables (1983)

Abstract An exact test of significance of the hypothesis that the row and column effects are independent in an r × c contingency table can be executed in principle by generalizing Fisher's exact treatment of the 2 × 2 contingency table. Each table in a conditional reference set of r × c tables with fixed marginal sums is assigned a generalized hypergeometric probability. The significance level is then computed by summing the probabilities of all tables that are no larger (on the probability scale) than the observed table. However, the computational effort required to generate all r × c contingency tables with fixed marginal sums severely limits the use of Fisher's exact test. A novel technique that considerably extends the bounds of computational feasibility of the exact test is proposed here. The problem is transformed into one of identifying all paths through a directed acyclic network that equal or exceed a fixed length. Some interesting new optimization theorems are developed in the process. The numerical results reveal that for sparse contingency tables Fisher's exact test and Pearson's χ2 test frequently lead to contradictory inferences concerning row and column independence.
Picosecond absorption studies on rhodopsin and isorhodopsin in detergent and native membrane (1984)

Picosecond transient absorption spectra of rhodopsin and isorhodopsin were measured at room temperature with a double-beam laser spectrophotometer after excitation at 355 nm. Photolysis studies were performed on rhodopsin solubilized in two different detergents (digitonin and 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate). The resulting rhodopsin/bathorhodopsin absorption difference spectra were measured at times from 35 ps to 250 ns following photoexcitation. Rhodopsin and isorhodopsin in native disk membrane were studied after suspension in 75% glycerol. Isorhodopsin was prepared by photoisomerizing rhodopsin in disk membrane at 77 K. Transient spectra obtained from the visual pigments in native membrane were of a quality approaching that obtained from detergent-solubilized rhodopsin. The batho intermediate derived from isorhodopsin was spectrally the same as that generated by rhodopsin photolysis and was produced with a quantum yield higher than had been predicted on the basis of other studies.
Electronic and optical properties of single crystal SnS<sub>2</sub>: an earth-abundant disulfide photocatalyst (2015)

Crystals of earth-abundant tin disulfide exhibit high-surface-area platelet formation with ideal photocatalytic properties for water splitting in their ground state.
Video-Aided GPS/INS Positioning and Attitude Determination (2006)

Abstract : NAVSYS have developed a GPS/inertial/video integrated system, the GI-Eye that is designed to provide precision 3-D mapping and modeling data. For both military and commercial applications, there is a need to have a robust method of continuing operation during periods of GPS drop-outs. When the GPS satellite signals are denied, either through intentional jamming or by natural conditions such as urban or terrain masking, the positioning and attitude performance will rapidly degrade due to error growth in the un-aided inertial solution. NAVSYS have developed a video-update technique for the integrated GPS/inertial/video sensor that allows precise positioning and attitude information to be maintained, even during periods of extended GPS dropouts. This relies on information extracted from the video images of reference points and features to continue to update the inertial navigation solution. In this paper, the principles of the video-update method aredescribed.
Imatinib GIST Keeps Finding New Indications: Successful Treatment of Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans by Targeted Inhibition of the Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor (2002)

Article Tools EDITORIALS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2002.20.17.3568 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 12202652 Imatinib GIST Keeps Finding New Indications: Successful Treatment of Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans by Targeted Inhibition of the Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Charles L. SawyersxCharles L. SawyersSearch for articles by this author Show More David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2002.20.17.3568 Full Text PDF Figures and Tables "Imatinib GIST Keeps Finding New Indications: Successful Treatment of Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans by Targeted Inhibition of the Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 20(17), pp. 3568–3569© 2002 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Increased Strength in Wind Turbine Blades through Innovative Structural Design. (2007)

Abstract not provided.
Things I have learned (so far). (1990)

This is an account of what I have learned (so far) about the application of statistics to psychology and the other sociobiomedical sciences. It includes the principles less is (fewer variables, more highly targeted issues, sharp rounding off), simple is better (graphic representation, unit weighting for linear composites), and some things you learn aren't so. I have learned to avoid the many misconceptions that surround Fisherian null hypothesis testing. I have also learned the importance of power analysis and the determination of just how big (rather than how statistically significant) are the effects that we study. Finally, I have learned that there is no royal road to statistical induction, that the informed judgment of the investigator is the crucial element in the interpretation of data, and that things take time.
Aging‐induced proinflammatory shift in cytokine expression profile in rat coronary arteries (2003)

The phenotypic and functional changes of coronary arteries with aging promote ischemic heart disease. We hypothesized that these alterations reflect an aging-induced proinflammatory shift in vascular regulatory mechanisms. Thus, in isolated coronary arteries of young (3-month-old) and aged (25-month-old) male Fischer 344 rats the expression of 96 cytokines, chemokines, and their receptors were screened by a cDNA-based microarray technique. In aged vessels expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (3.3x), interleukin (IL)-1beta (3.0x), IL-6 (2.9x), IL-6Ralpha (2.8x) and IL-17 (6.1x) genes were significantly increased over young vessels. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction confirmed these results. Western blotting demonstrated that protein expressions of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-17 were also significantly increased in vessels of aged rats compared with those of young rats. Immunofluorescent double labeling showed that in aged vessels IL-1beta and IL-6 are predominantly localized in the endothelium, whereas TNF-alpha and IL-17 are localized in smooth muscle. Thus, a proinflammatory shift in the profile of vascular cytokine expression may contribute to the aging-induced phenotypic changes in coronary arteries, promoting the development of ischemic heart disease in the elderly.
<i>In situ</i> observation of coalescence-related tensile stresses during metalorganic chemical vapor deposition of GaN on sapphire (2005)

Surface roughness and stress evolution were monitored in situ during the growth of GaN on sapphire substrates using low-temperature AlN buffer layers of varying thickness. A reduction in buffer layer thickness decreases the concentration of GaN nucleation sites which in turn increases the time to nuclei coalescence, thus varying the temporal evolution of surface roughness. By monitoring the accompanying changes in stress evolution, it is shown that island coalescence consisting of initial contact followed by subsequent surface roughness reduction is a source of tensile stress during growth of GaN films on sapphire. Such delayed coalescence also leads to an improvement in the structural properties of the material.
BlurSense: Dynamic fine-grained access control for smartphone privacy (2014)

For many people, smartphones serve as a technical interface to the modern world. These smart devices have embedded on-board sensors, such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, GPS sensors, and cameras, which can be used to develop new mobile applications. However, the sensors also pose privacy risks to users. This work describes BlurSense, a tool that provides secure and customizable access to all of the sensors on smartphones, tablets, and similar end user devices. The current access control to the smartphone resources, such as sensor data, is static and coarse-grained. BlurSense is a dynamic, fine-grained, flexible access control mechanism, acting as a line of defense that allows users to define and add privacy filters. As a result, the user can expose filtered sensor data to untrusted apps, and researchers can collect data in a way that safeguards users' privacy.
Bacterial Membrane Vesicles: Physiological Roles, Infection Immunology, and Applications (2023)

Bacterial or fungal membrane vesicles, traditionally considered as microbial metabolic wastes, are secreted mainly from the outer membrane or cell membrane of microorganisms. However, recent studies have shown that these vesicles play essential roles in direct or indirect communications among microorganisms and between microorganisms and hosts. This review aims to provide an updated understanding of the physiological functions and emerging applications of bacterial membrane vesicles, with a focus on their biogenesis, mechanisms of adsorption and invasion into host cells, immune stimulatory effects, and roles in the much-concerned problem of bacterial resistance. Additionally, the potential applications of these vesicles as biomarkers, vaccine candidates, and drug delivery platforms are discussed.
Insecticidal Fusion Proteins For The Control of Coleopteran Pests (2011)

Fusion proteins containing a toxin fused to a carrier domain which directs transport across the insect gut epithelium have been shown to be effective orally active insecticides. Expression of functional recombinant fusion proteins comprising of snowdrop lectin (Galanthus nivalis agglutinin; GNA) fused to toxins from Indian red scorpion (Mesobuthus tamulus toxin; ButaIT) and Blue Mountains funnel-web spider (Hadronyche versuta toxins; Ï-ACTX-Hv1a (Ï-ACTX); Îº-ACTX-Hv1c (Îº-ACTX)) was carried out in both yeast (Pichia pastoris) and plant (Arabidopsis thaliana) expression systems. Addition of purification tags, altering the design of assembly of the fusion protein and point mutation of toxin sequence were all investigated to improve yield and reduce proteolytic cleavage during expression and purification. \n\nRecombinant proteins were assayed for oral toxicity against T. castaneum as a model coleopteran species. Fusion proteins incorporating ButaIT and Ï-ACTX toxins showed toxicity ranging from complete mortality when fed at 1mg g-1 ((his)6-GNA-Ï-ACTX and Ï-ACTX-GNA-(his)6) to 65% mortality when fed at 2mg g-1 (ButaIT-GNA-(his)6). Fusion proteins incorporating Îº-ACTX and GNA were shown to be non-toxic despite individual components being functional. Lack of toxicity was due to high proteolytic cleavage in the insect gut environment. Data was obtained to support the use of Tribolium as a model for wireworm (Agriotes spp.), serious pests of potatoes in the UK.\nSelected fusion proteins were expressed in transgenic Arabidopsis. \n\nExpression for ButaIT-GNA as a fusion polypeptide was readily detectable in transformants with estimated levels of expression of approx. 0.15% total soluble protein in leaf tissue. When plants expressing ButaIT-GNA fusion protein were fed to larvae of the tomato moth (Lacanobia oleracea) the fusion protein was shown to be fully functional with levels of toxicity comparable to that seen in previous artificial diet bioassays. Ï-ACTX based constructs expressed in Arabidopsis were subject to high levels of proteolytic cleavage in planta and so were not assayed for toxicity.
Solvent Vapor-Assisted Imprinting of Polymer Films Coated on Curved Surfaces with Flexible PVA Stamps (2009)

We report a simple yet robust and reproducible technique to create surface patterns with submicrometer scale resolution on polymer films coated on nonplanar and curved surfaces at room temperature, without applying any external pressure. The imprinting is achieved by using a flexible, patterned polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) stamp in a controlled solvent vapor atmosphere, where the patterned foil comes in adhesive contact with a swollen and softened polymer film. The stamp bends along the contours of the curved surface to make a complete contact with a soft and swollen viscoelastic polymer film to make an imprint. The soft surface of the film then deforms on the length scale of each structure on the stamp to make a conformal contact, forming a negative replica of the stamp pattern on the film surface. The flexible PVA stamp is later dissolved in water after the patterning process is complete. It is shown that the technique is portable across a variety of polymer coatings, substrates, and geometries. Further, we also show that the same technique can be employed to create complex 2-D microstructures on nonplanar surfaces by multiple imprintings.
CSN5 silencing inhibits invasion and arrests cell cycle progression in human colorectal cancer SW480 and LS174T cells in vitro. (2015)

CSN5 has been implicated as a candidate oncogene in human cancers by genetic linkage with activation of the poor-prognosis, wound response gene expression signature. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of silencing CSN5 on invasion and cell cycle progression of human colorectal cancer cells, and to determine the potential molecular mechanisms that are involved. The CSN5 specific small interfering RNA (shRNA) plasmid vector was constructed and then transfected into colorectal cancer cells. The expression of CSN5 mRNA and protein was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, respectively. Cell adhesion and invasion were analyzed using MTS and Transwell assays, respectively, and cell cycle progression was analyzed using flow cytometry. Adhesion, invasion, and cell cycle distribution were assessed following knockdown of CSN5 by RNA interference (RNAi). Furthermore, knockdown of CSN5 significantly inhibited cell adhesion and reduced the number of invasive cells, while increasing the percentage of cells in the G0/G1 phase (P<0.05). Western blot and real-time PCR analysis were used to identify differentially expressed invasion and cell cycle associated proteins in cells with silenced CSN5. The expression levels of CSN5 in colorectal cancer cells transfected with siRNA were decreased, leading to a significant inhibition of colorectal cancer cell adhesion and invasion. Western blot analysis revealed that silencing of CSN5 may inhibit CD44, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and MMP 9 protein expression, significantly promoted cell cycle-related genes P53 and P27 expression. In addition, CSN5 silencing may induce activation PI3K/AKT signal regulated cell invasion. Moreover, CSN5 silencing inhibited the secretion of TGF-β, IL-1β and IL-6 and the transcriptional activity of transcription factor NF-κB and Twist in human colorectal cancer cells. Taken together, down regulation of CSN5 may inhibit invasion and arrests cell cycle progression in colorectal cancer via PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signal pathway, which indicates that there is a potential of targeting CSN5 as a novel gene therapy approach for the treatment of colorectal cancer.