gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Parameters affecting deposition of multiwalled carbon nanotubes on a continuously fed substrate using arc discharge (2006)

Carbon nanotubes have been extensively studied since their discovery (Iijima, 1991) due to their valuable structural and electronic properties. Direct growth of nanotubes on substrates is essential for their integration into various applications, as individual manipulation into position is both difficult and expensive due to their size. A unique single-step method has been developed of continuously depositing nanotubes on a carbon substrate using an arc discharge at atmosphere pressure (Abrahamson, 2005). This method differs from the conventional arc discharge method in that the nanotubes are grown at low currents on a moving substrate surface which acts as one of the electrodes. The effects of inter-electrode gap, buffer gas flow through the porous substrate and substrate speed on the yield and morphology of carbon nanotubes are investigated. It was found that an inter-electrode gap range of 2.5 - 6.0mm is optimal for nanotube occurrence on the carbon substrate. Providing a flushing gas flow into the arc through the substrate reduced the mean diameter but not the number of nanotubes and markedly reduced the number of attached nanoparticles. The residence time of the substrate in the arc was varied by changing substrate velocity, and this was found to be critical for nanotube formation. From the parameters explored, it appears that the substrate temperature alone governs nanotube formation and this occurs at temperatures lower than reasonable sublimation temperatures. This latter fact together with the lack of influence of gas flush, indicate that carbon vapour is unlikely to dominate the formation of nanotubes in arcs.
General relationship for cation and anion doping effects on ferroelectric HfO<inf>2</inf> formation (2016)

This work discusses the general relationship for cation and anion doping effects on the HfO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> para-/ferroelectric transition, which will provide us a helpful instruction for precise HfO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> ferroelectricity design. In addition, ferroelectric N-doped HfO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> has been demonstrated as a gate dielectric film on an oxide semiconductor for ferroelectric field-effect transistors (FeFETs).
3D Inverse Scattering Series Method for Internal Multiple Attenuation (2014)

Summary In this paper, we show the first application of the 3D inverse scattering series (ISS) method for internal multiple attenuation. The ISS method is a data-driven approach that can predict all internal multiples without any prior knowledge of subsurface information. We discuss the implementation of the true-azimuth 3D ISS based method which is suitable for conventional streamer data. We apply the approach on a synthetic example as well as data acquired from the Santos Basin, offshore Brazil. The results show that the 3D prediction and subtraction method outperforms the 2D method as it takes into account out-of-plane multiple contributions.
A Design of Multiloop Self-Tuning PID Control Systems (1998)

In this paper, a new multiloop self-tuning PID controller design scheme is proposed. The proposed control scheme has a static matrix pre-compensator in order to reduce the interaction terms of the process transfer function matrix. The static matrix pre-compensator is adjusted by an on-line estimator. The p×p pre-compensated system is then controlled via 'p' self-tuning PID controllers, whose parameters are adjusted by a second identifier placed around the pre-compensated plant. The PID parameters are calculated on-line based on the relationship between the PID control and generalized minimum variance control laws. The proposed scheme is experimentally evaluated on a 2×2 temperature plus level control system. Experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the new scheme.
Formation of Flavor Oil Microemulsions, Nanoemulsions and Emulsions: Influence of Composition and Preparation Method (2011)

This study aimed to establish conditions where stable microemulsions, nanoemulsions or emulsions could be fabricated from a nonionic surfactant (Tween 80) and flavor oil (lemon oil). Different colloidal dispersions could be formed by simple heat treatment (90 °C, 30 min) depending on the surfactant-to-oil ratio (SOR): emulsions (r > 100 nm) at SOR < 1; nanoemulsions (r < 100 nm) at 1 < SOR < 2; microemulsions (r < 10 nm) at SOR > 2. Turbidity, electrical conductivity, shear rheology, and DSC measurements suggested there was a kinetic energy barrier in the oil-water-surfactant systems at ambient temperature that prevented them from forming metastable emulsion/nanoemulsion or thermodynamically stable microemulsion systems. High energy homogenization (high pressure or ultrasonic homogenizer) or low energy homogenization (heating) could be used to form emulsions or nanoemulsions at low or intermediate SOR values; whereas only heating was necessary to form stable microemulsions at high SOR values.
Amphetamine-induced Dopamine Efflux (2003)

Amphetamine (AMPH) elicits its behavioral effects by acting on the dopamine (DA) transporter (DAT) to induce DA overflow into the synaptic cleft. Facilitated exchange diffusion is the classical model used to describe AMPH-induced DA efflux. This model hypothesizes that AMPH-induced DA efflux is mediated by DAT and results from the transport of AMPH into the cell followed by a counter movement of DA out to the extracellular compartment. To further characterize the action of AMPH, we used the patch clamp technique in the whole-cell configuration combined with amperometry on human embryonic kidney HEK-293 cells stably transfected with the human DAT (DAT cells). In DAT cells, AMPH-induced DAT-mediated currents were blocked by cocaine. We demonstrate that DA efflux mediated by DAT is voltage-dependent, electrogenic, and dependent on intracellular Na(+) concentration in the recording electrode. Intracellular Na(+) fluorescence, as measured by confocal microscopy using a Na(+)-sensitive dye, was enhanced by AMPH application. Furthermore, the ability of AMPH to induce DA efflux was regulated by intracellular Na(+) concentration and correlated with the size of the DAT-mediated, AMPH-induced ion flux across the plasma membrane. In the absence of intracellular Na(+) but the presence of high intracellular Cl(-), AMPH-induced inward currents elicited DA efflux proportionally to their dimension and duration. Thus, we propose that AMPH-induced DA efflux depends on two correlated transporter processes. First, AMPH binds to the DAT and is transported, thereby causing an inward current. Second, because of this AMPH-induced inward current, Na(+) becomes more available intracellularly to the DAT, thereby enhancing DAT-mediated reverse transport of DA.
Nutrients Induce an Increase in Inositol 1,4,5‐Trisphosphate in Soybean Cells: Implication for the Involvement of Phosphoinositide‐Specific Phospholipase C in DNA Synthesis (2002)

Abstract: Phosphoinositide‐specific phospholipase C (PI‐PLC) hydrolyzes the membrane lipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5‐bisphosphate (PtdInsP 2 ) to generate 1,2‐diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate (InsP 3 ). Both molecules serve as second messengers to carry out various cellular functions in mammals. In the present study, we demonstrate that many organic and inorganic nutrients cause the elevation of InsP 3 concentrations in cultured soybean cells. This elevation of InsP 3 content is sustained for several hours following treatment with Murashige‐Skoog (MS) inorganic nutrients. Phosphate and calcium are the major components in MS salts responsible for the increase in InsP 3 levels. DNA synthesis, a measure of cell growth, was significantly suppressed by the PI‐PLC‐specific inhibitor 1‐(6‐{[17β‐3‐methoxyestra‐1,3,5(10)‐trien‐17‐yl]amino}hexyl)‐1H‐pyrrole‐2,5‐dione (U‐73122), whereas its near‐identical analogue 1‐(6‐{[17β‐3‐methoxyestra‐1,3,5(10)‐trien‐17‐yl]amino}hexyl)‐2,5‐pyrrolidinedione did not cause any suppression. Activation of PI‐PLC by MS salts increased DNA synthesis and abolished the suppression of DNA synthesis caused by U‐73122. Thus, we conclude that the higher cellular concentration of InsP 3 induced by MS treatment is involved in DNA synthesis.
Long-Term Adult Feline Liver Organoid Cultures for Disease Modeling of Hepatic Steatosis (2017)

Hepatic steatosis is a highly prevalent liver disease, yet research is hampered by the lack of tractable cellular and animal models. Steatosis also occurs in cats, where it can cause severe hepatic failure. Previous studies demonstrate the potential of liver organoids for modeling genetic diseases. To examine the possibility of using organoids to model steatosis, we established a long-term feline liver organoid culture with adult liver stem cell characteristics and differentiation potential toward hepatocyte-like cells. Next, organoids from mouse, human, dog, and cat liver were provided with fatty acids. Lipid accumulation was observed in all organoids and interestingly, feline liver organoids accumulated more lipid droplets than human organoids. Finally, we demonstrate effects of interference with β-oxidation on lipid accumulation in feline liver organoids. In conclusion, feline liver organoids can be successfully cultured and display a predisposition for lipid accumulation, making them an interesting model in hepatic steatosis research.
First production of new thin 3D sensors for HL-LHC at FBK (2017)

Owing to their intrinsic (geometry dependent) radiation hardness, 3D pixel sensors are promising candidates for the innermost tracking layers of the forthcoming experiment upgrades at the Phase 2 High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). To this purpose, extreme radiation hardness up to the expected maximum fluence of 2e16 neq.cm-2 must come along with several technological improvements in a new generation of 3D pixels, i.e., increased pixel granularity (50x50 or 25x100 um2 cell size), thinner active region (~100 um), narrower columnar electrodes (~5 um diameter) with reduced inter-electrode spacing (~30 um), and very slim edges (~100 um). The fabrication of the first batch of these new 3D sensors was recently completed at FBK on Si-Si direct wafer bonded 6-inch substrates. Initial electrical test results, performed at wafer level on sensors and test structures, highlighted very promising performance, in good agreement with TCAD simulations: low leakage current (<1 pA/column), intrinsic breakdown voltage of more than 150 V, capacitance of about 50 fF/column, thus assessing the validity of the design approach. A large variety of pixel sensors compatible with both existing (e.g., ATLAS FEI4 and CMS PSI46) and future (e.g., RD53) read-out chips were fabricated, that were also electrically tested on wafer using a temporary metal layer patterned as strips shorting rows of pixels together. This allowed a statistically significant distribution of the relevant electrical quantities to be obtained, thus gaining insight into the impact of process-induced defects. A few 3D strip test structures were irradiated with X-rays, showing inter-strip resistance of at least several GOhm even after 50 Mrad(Si) dose, thus proving the p-spray robustness. We present the most important design and technological aspects, and results obtained from the initial investigations.
An analog beamformer for integrated high-frequency medical ultrasound imaging (2011)

We designed and fabricated a dynamic receive beamforming integrated circuit (IC) in 0.35-μm CMOS technology. This beamformer is suitable for integration with an ultrasound annular array for high-frequency (30-50 MHz) intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging. The beamformer IC is capable of buffering, delaying and preamplification for 8 receive channels. We explored an analog delay cell based on a current-mode first-order all-pass filter, which is used as the basic building block to form an analog dynamic delay line. We also explored a bandwidth enhancement method on the delay cell that improved the overall bandwidth of the delay line by a factor of 6. Each delay cell consumes 2.1 mW of power and is capable of generating a tunable delay between 1.75 ns to 2.5 ns, enabling dynamic receive beamforming over a focal range from 1.4 mm to 2 mm. We successfully integrated the fabricated beamformer IC with an 8-element annular array. Our experimental test results demonstrated the desired buffering, preamplification and delaying capabilities of the beamformer.
A generalized theory of collaborative caching (2012)

Collaborative caching allows software to use hints to influence cache management in hardware. Previous theories have shown that such hints observe the inclusion property and can obtain optimal caching if the access sequence and the cache size are known ahead of time. Previously, the interface of a cache hint is limited, e.g., a binary choice between LRU and MRU.
A (1993)

Die Identifikation von Akteuren der Arbeitsbeziehungen erfordert recht umfangreiche theoretische wie definitorische Anstrengungen, die mit der zunehmenden Konkretisierung der Akteure ansteigen. Voraussetzungen sind insbesondere Auffassungen darüber, was Akteure sind, was Arbeitsbeziehungen sind sowie welche konkreten Inhalte bzw. Regelungsnormen zuzuordnen sind.
Transparent and Stretchable High-Performance Supercapacitors Based on Wrinkled Graphene Electrodes (2013)

Transparent and/or stretchable energy storage devices have attracted intense attention due to their unique optical and/or mechanical properties as well as their intrinsic energy storage function. However, it remains a great challenge to integrate transparent and stretchable properties into an energy storage device because the currently developed electrodes are either transparent or stretchable, but not both. Herein, we report a simple method to fabricate wrinkled graphene with high stretchability and transparency. The resultant wrinkled graphene sheets were used as both current collector and electrode materials to develop transparent and stretchable supercapacitors, which showed a high transparency (57% at 550 nm) and can be stretched up to 40% strain without obvious performance change over hundreds of stretching cycles.
L1 Adaptive Output-Feedback Controller for Non-Strictly-Positive-Real Reference Systems: Missile Longitudinal Autopilot Design (2009)

This paper presents an extension of the L 1 adaptive output-feedback controller to systems of unknown relative degree in the presence of time-varying uncertainties without restricting the rate of their variation. As compared with earlier results in this direction, a new piecewise continuous adaptive law is introduced, along with the low-pass-filtered control signal that allows for achieving arbitrarily close tracking of the input and the output signals of the reference system, the transfer function of which is not required to be strictly positive real. Stability of this reference system is proved using a small-gain-type argument. The performance bounds between the closed-loop reference system and the closed-loop L 1 adaptive system can be rendered arbitrarily small by reducing the step size of integration. Missile longitudinal autopilot design is used as an example to illustrate the theoretical results.
Suppression control method for torque vibration of brushless DC motor utilizing repetitive control with Fourier transform (2000)

The authors propose a suppression control method for torque vibration of brushless DC motors utilizing feedforward compensation control and a generation method of compensation signals for the feedforward control by the repetitive control system with the Fourier transform utilizing a vibration signal acquired by an acceleration sensor attached to the motor frame, and in order to realize online generation of the feedforward compensation signals to reduce the vibration. An auto-tuning method of the repetitive control parameters is also presented. In this paper, an experimental system to detect and reduce the motor torque vibration is constructed, and the effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by experimental results.
Culture of murine nasal epithelia: model for cystic fibrosis (2005)

The ion transport defects reported for human cystic fibrosis (CF) airways are reproduced in nasal epithelia of the CF mouse. Although this tissue has been studied in vivo using the nasal potential difference technique and as a native tissue mounted in the Ussing chamber, little information is available on cultured murine nasal epithelia. We have developed a polarized cell culture model of primary murine nasal epithelia in which the CF tissue exhibits not only a defect in cAMP-mediated Cl- secretion but also the Na+ hyperabsorption and upregulation of the Ca2+-activated Cl- conductance observed in human airways. Both the wild-type and CF cultures were constituted predominantly of undifferentiated cuboidal columnar cells, with most cultures exhibiting a small number of ciliated cells. Although no goblet cells were observed, RT-PCR demonstrated the expression of Muc5ac RNA after approximately 22 days in culture. The CF tissue exhibited an adherent layer of mucus similar to the mucus plaques reported in the distal airways of human CF patients. Furthermore, we found that treatment of CF preparations with a Na+ channel blocker for 7 days prevented formation of mucus adherent to epithelial surfaces. The cultured murine nasal epithelial preparation should be an excellent model tissue for gene transfer studies and pharmacological studies of Na+ channel blockers and mucolytic agents as well as for further characterization of CF ion transport defects. Culture of nasal epithelia from DeltaF508 mice will be particularly useful in testing drugs that allow DeltaF508 CFTR to traffic to the membrane.
Silica Nanoparticles for Fluorescence Sensing of Zn<sup>II</sup>: Exploring the Covalent Strategy (2006)

Silica nanoparticles (about 15 nm diameters), which contain a derivative of 6-methoxy-8-(p-toluensulfonamido)-quinoline (TSQ) as a Zn(II) fluorescent probe covalently linked to the silica network, were prepared and studied as Zn(II) fluorescent chemosensors. The systems selectively detect Zn(II) ions in water rich solutions with a submicromolar sensitivity: 0.13 microM concentrations of Zn(II) can be measured with the only interference of Cu(II) and Cd(II) ions. Compared with free TSQ, the nanoparticles based systems have the advantage that they can be employed in aqueous solutions without aggregation problems while at the same time, they maintain a similar Zn(II) affinity and sensing ability. Addition of a second, substrate insensitive, fluorophore to the particles leads to the realization of a ratiometric sensor.
Multilayer Haptic Feedback for Pen-Based Tablet Interaction (2019)

We present a novel, multilayer interaction approach that enables state transitions between spatially above-screen and 2D on-screen feedback layers. This approach supports the exploration of haptic features that are hard to simulate using rigid 2D screens. We accomplish this by adding a haptic layer above the screen that can be actuated and interacted with (pressed on) while the user interacts with on-screen content using pen input. The haptic layer provides variable firmness and contour feedback, while its membrane functionality affords additional tactile cues like texture feedback. Through two user studies, we look at how users can use the layer in haptic exploration tasks, showing that users can discriminate well between different firmness levels, and can perceive object contour characteristics. Demonstrated also through an art application, the results show the potential of multilayer feedback to extend on-screen feedback with additional widget, tool and surface properties, and for user guidance.
Proteomic Profiling of Plasmodium Sporozoite Maturation Identifies New Proteins Essential for Parasite Development and Infectivity (2008)

Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites that develop and mature inside an Anopheles mosquito initiate a malaria infection in humans. Here we report the first proteomic comparison of different parasite stages from the mosquito -- early and late oocysts containing midgut sporozoites, and the mature, infectious salivary gland sporozoites. Despite the morphological similarity between midgut and salivary gland sporozoites, their proteomes are markedly different, in agreement with their increase in hepatocyte infectivity. The different sporozoite proteomes contain a large number of stage specific proteins whose annotation suggest an involvement in sporozoite maturation, motility, infection of the human host and associated metabolic adjustments. Analyses of proteins identified in the P. falciparum sporozoite proteomes by orthologous gene disruption in the rodent malaria parasite, P. berghei, revealed three previously uncharacterized Plasmodium proteins that appear to be essential for sporozoite development at distinct points of maturation in the mosquito. This study sheds light on the development and maturation of the malaria parasite in an Anopheles mosquito and also identifies proteins that may be essential for sporozoite infectivity to humans.
THE STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF WORK POSTURES AND HANDLE INTERFACE FACTORS ON TWO-HANDED MANUAL ABILITY (2001)

ABSTRACT The research studied about the influence of work postures and handle interface factors on two-handed manual ability. The handle interface factors focus on the material of gloves. The work postures contains stand and sit. And analysis the influence of gender, ponderal index and the habit of sport. According to the research framework being referred and sample of students study in Tunghai University, this investigation was taken by using the equipments which include the wrist coordination produced by TOTO physical company. Then the analysis of data was processed with SAS/PC. ANOVA, GLM, Duncan's multiple-range test and correlation analysis have been used in this study. For influence on the wrist coordinate operation, the difference of handle interface factors, gender and ponderal index was significant.
Learning Discriminative Part Detectors for Image Classification and Cosegmentation (2013)

In this paper, we address the problem of learning discriminative part detectors from image sets with category labels. We propose a novel latent SVM model regularized by group sparsity to learn these part detectors. Starting from a large set of initial parts, the group sparsity regularizer forces the model to jointly select and optimize a set of discriminative part detectors in a max-margin framework. We propose a stochastic version of a proximal algorithm to solve the corresponding optimization problem. We apply the proposed method to image classification and co segmentation, and quantitative experiments with standard benchmarks show that it matches or improves upon the state of the art.