gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
WNT16 Influences Bone Mineral Density, Cortical Bone Thickness, Bone Strength, and Osteoporotic Fracture Risk (2012)

We aimed to identify genetic variants associated with cortical bone thickness (CBT) and bone mineral density (BMD) by performing two separate genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses for CBT in 3 cohorts comprising 5,878 European subjects and for BMD in 5 cohorts comprising 5,672 individuals. We then assessed selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for osteoporotic fracture in 2,023 cases and 3,740 controls. Association with CBT and forearm BMD was tested for ∼2.5 million SNPs in each cohort separately, and results were meta-analyzed using fixed effect meta-analysis. We identified a missense SNP (Thr>Ile; rs2707466) located in the WNT16 gene (7q31), associated with CBT (effect size of -0.11 standard deviations [SD] per C allele, P = 6.2 × 10(-9)). This SNP, as well as another nonsynonymous SNP rs2908004 (Gly>Arg), also had genome-wide significant association with forearm BMD (-0.14 SD per C allele, P = 2.3 × 10(-12), and -0.16 SD per G allele, P = 1.2 × 10(-15), respectively). Four genome-wide significant SNPs arising from BMD meta-analysis were tested for association with forearm fracture. SNP rs7776725 in FAM3C, a gene adjacent to WNT16, was associated with a genome-wide significant increased risk of forearm fracture (OR = 1.33, P = 7.3 × 10(-9)), with genome-wide suggestive signals from the two missense variants in WNT16 (rs2908004: OR = 1.22, P = 4.9 × 10(-6) and rs2707466: OR = 1.22, P = 7.2 × 10(-6)). We next generated a homozygous mouse with targeted disruption of Wnt16. Female Wnt16(-/-) mice had 27% (P<0.001) thinner cortical bones at the femur midshaft, and bone strength measures were reduced between 43%-61% (6.5 × 10(-13)<P<5.9 × 10(-4)) at both femur and tibia, compared with their wild-type littermates. Natural variation in humans and targeted disruption in mice demonstrate that WNT16 is an important determinant of CBT, BMD, bone strength, and risk of fracture.
Secure logging framework integrating with cloud database (2015)

Trustworthy logging mechanism is crucial to the process of system and application event auditing. Additionally, integrating cloud database in the logging system is a beneficial alternative because it can significantly reduce the cost of database deployment and maintenance. However, a log owner will lose the security control of log data if the data are stored in a cloud database. Attackers could thus use this weakness to falsify log data in a cloud database environment In this paper, we provide a secure logging framework integrating with the cloud database. Log auditors herein can use the public key to validate the integrity of log data. The secret key can be used to generate signatures of log and block data in this framework. We also provide an implementation for this framework and a performance evaluation of signing/verifying log data. Our study demonstrates a method to protect log data for log owners in the cloud database. Furthermore, the proposed secure logging framework can be easily deployed in a cloud computing environment.
A predominant idiotype on rabbit anti-VH a1 allotype antibodies: sharing by both major and minor VH subgroups. (1982)

In every rabbit examined, greater than or equal to 80% of antibodies directed against the VH allotypic marker, a1, bears a predominant idiotype (IdX-a1). The IdX-a1 marker is site-associated and expressed on H chains, but not L chains, of anti-a1 antibody. Experiments using rabbits suppressed for the VH a subgroup demonstrated that IdX-a1 can be associated with both major (a+) and minor (a-) VH subgroup gene products and that a1 rabbits contain IdX-a1 within their genetic repertoire. The genetic and regulatory implications of our results are discussed.
Anisotropic Disorder in High-Mobility 2D Heterostructures and Its Correlation to Electron Transport (2001)

Surface morphology of high-mobility heterostructures is examined and correlated with dc transport. All samples examined show evidence of lines in the [11-0] direction with roughness ranging from small-amplitude features to severe anisotropic ridges. Transport in these samples is consistent with that in samples having artificially induced 1D charge modulations. The native surface properties reflect a prevalent, anisotropic disorder affecting 2D electron conduction. Importantly, the native lines are orthogonal to the stripes theoretically proposed to explain high Landau level transport anisotropies.
Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs) Improve Heart Function in Swine Myocardial Infarction Model through Paracrine Effects (2016)

Stem cells are promising for the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI) and large animal models should be used to better understand the full spectrum of stem cell actions and preclinical evidences. In this study, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were transplanted into swine heart ischemia model. To detect glucose metabolism in global left ventricular myocardium and regional myocardium, combined with assessment of cardiac function, positron emission tomography-computer tomography (PET-CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed. To study the changes of glucose transporters and glucose metabolism-related enzymes and the signal transduction pathway, RT-PCR, Western-blot, and immunohistochemistry were carried out. Myocardium metabolic evaluation by PET-CT showed that mean signal intensity (MSI) increased in these segments at week 4 compared with that at week 1 after BM-MSCs transplantation. Moreover, MRI demonstrated significant function enhancement in BM-MSCs group. The gene expressions of glucose transporters (GLUT1, GLUT4), glucose metabolism-related enzymes phosphofructokinase (PFK), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH)) and 70-kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70s6k) in BM-MSCs injected areas were up-regulated at week 4 after BM-MSCs transplantation and this was confirmed by Western-blot and immunohistochemistry. In conclusions, BM-MSCs transplantation could improve cardiac function in swine MI model by activation of mTOR signal transduction pathway.
<i>Escherichia coli</i> serotyping and disease in man and animals (1992)

Serotyping of Escherichia coli is useful, but complex, with 173 O antigens, 80 K antigens, and 56 H antigens, which can all be subdivided into partial antigens. The O, K, and H antigens can be found in nature in many of the possible combinations. The final number of E. coli serotypes is very high, 50,000-100,000 or more. The number of frequent pathogenic serotypes is, however, limited. Two main groups of such frequent serotypes are (i) serotypes from diarrhoeal disease and (ii) serotypes from extraintestinal disease. Serotypes from diarrhoeal diseases are mostly species specific, and could at present be used as epidemiological markers for bacterial clones equipped with special virulence markers, such as toxins and adhesins. Their O-antigen lipopolysaccharides may be regarded as virulence factors. These strains are not inhabitants of the normal intestine. Serotypes from extraintestinal diseases constitute a different set of clones, which are good colonizers of the intestinal tract, that under certain conditions succeed in invading host tissues. They are characterized by virulence factors different from those found in strains from diarrhoeal disease. Thus, the two groups of pathogenic E. coli are both composed of a limited number of clones for which the O:K:H serotypes are excellent, although not faultless, markers.
Channel Models for Multi-Level Cell Flash Memories Based on Empirical Error Analysis (2016)

We propose binary discrete parametric channel models for multi-level cell (MLC) flash memories that provide accurate error-correcting code (ECC) performance estimation by modeling the empirically observed error characteristics under program/erase cycling stress. Through a detailed empirical error characterization of 1X-nm and 2Y-nm MLC flash memory chips from two different vendors, we observe and characterize the overdispersion phenomenon in the number of bit errors per ECC frame. A well-studied channel model, such as the binary asymmetric channel model, is unable to provide accurate ECC performance estimation. Hence, we propose a channel model based on the beta-binomial probability distribution [2-beta-binomial (2-BBM) channel model], which is a good fit for the overdispersed empirical error characteristics, and show through statistical tests and simulation results for BCH, low density parity check, and polar codes, that the 2-BBM channel model provides accurate ECC performance estimation in MLC flash memories.
Learning and Calibrating Per-Location Classifiers for Visual Place Recognition (2013)

The aim of this work is to localize a query photograph by finding other images depicting the same place in a large geotagged image database. This is a challenging task due to changes in viewpoint, imaging conditions and the large size of the image database. The contribution of this work is two-fold. First, we cast the place recognition problem as a classification task and use the available geotags to train a classifier for each location in the database in a similar manner to per-exemplar SVMs in object recognition. Second, as only few positive training examples are available for each location, we propose a new approach to calibrate all the per-location SVM classifiers using only the negative examples. The calibration we propose relies on a significance measure essentially equivalent to the p-values classically used in statistical hypothesis testing. Experiments are performed on a database of 25,000 geotagged street view images of Pittsburgh and demonstrate improved place recognition accuracy of the proposed approach over the previous work.
Analytical Synthesis of the Digitally Programmable Voltage-Mode OTA-C Universal Biquad (2006)

None of the recently reported voltage-mode versatile filters are digitally programmable for applications like the easy addition of current-mode filtering signals to do the synthesis. None of the recently reported analytical synthesis methods are used for the realization of a multifunction filter. Both the above two induced motivations of researches have been merged, developed, and solved in this brief on the voltage-mode operational transconductance amplifier (OTA)-C universal biquad filter, which still achieves many advantages like the employment of all single-ended-input OTAs, all grounded capacitors, and the least number of active transistor and passive component counts, in addition to having a controllable gain, a cascadable input terminal, and the absence of the need to impose component matchings
A NAD(P)H Oxidase Isolated from the Archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus Is Not Homologous with Another NADH Oxidase Present in the Same Microorganism (2000)

A NAD(P)H oxidase has been isolated from the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus. The enzyme is a homodimer with M(r) 38,000 per subunit (SsNOX38) containing 1 FAD molecule/subunit. It oxidizes NADH and, less efficiently, NADPH with the formation of hydrogen peroxide. The enzyme was resistant against chemical and physical denaturating agents. The temperature for its half-denaturation was 93 and 75 degrees C in the absence or presence, respectively, of 8 M urea. The enzyme did not show any reductase activity. The SsNOX38 encoding gene was cloned and sequenced. It accounted for a product of 36.5 kDa. The translated amino acid sequence was made of 332 residues containing two putative betaalphabeta-fold regions, typical of NAD- and FAD-binding proteins. The primary structure of SsNOX38 did not show any homology with the N-terminal amino acid sequence of a NADH oxidase previously isolated from S. solfataricus (SsNOX35) (Masullo, M., Raimo, G., Dello Russo, A., Bocchini, V. and Bannister, J. V. (1996) Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. 23, 47-54). Conversely, it showed 40% sequence identity with a putative thioredoxin reductase from Bacillus subtilis, but it did not contain cysteines, which are essential for the activity of the reductase.
Identification with monoclonal antibodies of glycoproteins of Marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkeys related to virus neutralization (1984)

By use of monoclonal antibodies cross-reactive with Marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkeys, three glycoproteins (for Marek's disease virus, gp115/110, gp63, and gp50; for herpesvirus of turkeys, gp115, gp62 and gp52) related to virus neutralization were identified. Immunization of chickens or rabbits with these glycoproteins purified by affinity chromatography resulted in production of neutralizing antibodies.
Infectious Diseases of Poverty reviewer acknowledgement 2015 (2016)

The editors of Infectious Diseases of Poverty would like to thank all our reviewers who have contributed to the journal in volume 4 (2015).
A New Route to Covalently Attached Monolayers:  Reaction of Hydridosilanes with Titanium and Other Metal Surfaces (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTA New Route to Covalently Attached Monolayers: Reaction of Hydridosilanes with Titanium and Other Metal SurfacesAlexander Y. Fadeev and Thomas J. McCarthyView Author Information Polymer Science and Engineering Department University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 51, 12184–12185Publication Date (Web):December 10, 1999Publication History Received30 August 1999Published online10 December 1999Published inissue 1 December 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9931269https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9931269rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1316Altmetric-Citations98LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Monolayers,Oxides,Silicon,Titanium,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Get e-Alerts
Factors Inducing Successful Anhydrobiosis in the African Chironomid Polypedilum vanderplanki: Significance of the Larval Tubular Nest (2005)

The African chironomid Polypedilum vanderplanki exhibits anhydrobiosis, i.e., the larvae can survive complete desiccation. Recovery rate and trehalose content were investigated in larvae desiccated slowly or at a rate more than 3 times faster. Upon slow desiccation (evaporation rate 0.22 ml day(-1)) larvae synthesized 38 μg trehalose/individual before complete desiccation, and all of them recovered after rehydration, whereas larvae that were dehydrated quickly (evaporation rate 0.75 ml day(-1)) accumulated only 6.8 μg trehalose/individual and none of them revived after rehydration. In the pools that are their natural habitat P. vanderplanki larvae make tubes by incorporating detritus or soil with their sticky saliva. This tubular structure is a physical barrier not only to protect the larva from natural enemies but also induces successful anhydrobiosis by reducing the dehydration rate. When larvae were dehydrated with 100 μl distilled water (DW) in soil tubes, they accumulated 37 μg trehalose/individual and more than half of them could revive after rehydration, whereas larvae without tubes accumulated lower level of trehalose and none recovered after rehydration.
Novel potential diagnostic test for <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> complex using combined immunomagnetic separation (IMS) and PCR-CTPP (2016)

This study is the first report emphasizing the combination of IMS and PCR-CTPP for the detection of MTC and simultaneous identification of Myco. bovis from sputum. It could be used for TB diagnosis in resource-limited countries with high TB burden.
Experimental testing of a rocking timber shear wall with slip‐friction connectors (2014)

SUMMARY Allowing a structure to uplift and rock during an earthquake is one way in which activated forces can be capped and damage to the structure avoided or minimised. Slip‐friction connectors (also known as slotted‐bolt connectors) were originally developed for use in steel construction, but for this research have been adapted for use as hold‐downs in an experimental 2.4 m × 2.4 m rigid timber shear wall. A novel approach is used to achieve the desired sliding threshold in the connectors, and the wall uplifts when this threshold is reached. From a series of quasi‐static cyclic tests, it is shown that slip‐friction connectors can impart ductile and elasto‐plastic characteristics to what would otherwise be essentially brittle structures. Because forces on the wall were capped by the slip‐friction connectors to levels well below the design level, no damage to the wall was observed. Self‐centring potential was also found to be excellent. The slip‐friction connectors themselves are of a unique design and have proven to be robust and durable, adequately performing their duty even after almost 14 m of cumulative travel under high contact pressures. To resist base shear without unduly affecting rocking behaviour, a new type of shear‐key is proposed and implemented, and a procedure developed to quantify its influence on overall wall behaviour. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Supramolecular Precursors for the Synthesis of Anisotropic Cu<sub>2</sub>S Nanocrystals (2014)

Copper alkanethiolates are organometallic precursors that have been used to form Cu2S nanodisks upon thermal decomposition. Here, we demonstrate that molecular assembly of Cu alkanethiolates into an ordered liquid crystalline mesophase plays an essential role in templating the disk morphology of the solid-state product. To examine this templating effect, we synthesize Cu alkanethiolate precursors with alkane tails of varying chain length and sterics. We demonstrate that short chain precursors produce two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets of Cu2S, while longer-chained variants produce Cu2S nanodisks exclusively. This work provides new insights into the use of liquid crystalline phases as templates for nanocrystal synthesis and as a potential route for achieving highly anisotropic inorganic nanostructures.
Computerized interferometric surface measurements [Invited] (2012)

The addition of electronics, computers, and software to interferometry has enabled enormous improvements in optical metrology. This paper discusses four areas in which computerized interferometric measurement improvements have been made in the measurement of surface shape and surface roughness: (a) The use of computer-generated holograms for the testing of aspheric optics, (b) phase-shifting interferometry for getting interferometric data into a computer so the data can be analyzed, (c) computerized interference microscopes, including multiple-wavelength and coherence scanning, for the precision measurement of surface microstructure, and (d) vibration-insensitive dynamic interferometers for enabling precise measurements in noncontrolled environments.
ALKBH3, a human AlkB homologue, contributes to cell survival in human non-small-cell lung cancer (2011)

We suggest that ALKBH3 contributes significantly to cancer cell survival and may be a therapeutic target for human adenocarcinoma of the lung.
Ischemia-reperfusion-induced calpain activation and SERCA2a degradation are attenuated by exercise training and calpain inhibition (2005)

The Ca2+-activated protease calpain has been shown to play a deleterious role in the heart during ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). We tested the hypothesis that exercise training would minimize I/R-induced calpain activation and provide cardioprotection against I/R-induced injury. Hearts from adult male rats were isolated in a working heart preparation, and myocardial injury was induced with 25 min of global ischemia followed by 45 min of reperfusion. In sedentary control rats, I/R significantly increased calpain activity and impaired cardiac performance (cardiac work during reperfusion = 24% of baseline). Compared with sedentary animals, exercise training prevented the I/R-induced rise in calpain activity and improved cardiac work (recovery = 80% of baseline). Similar to exercise, pharmacological inhibition of calpain activity resulted in comparable cardioprotection against I/R injury (recovery = 86% of baseline). The exercise-induced protection against I/R-induced calpain activation was not due to altered myocardial protein levels of calpain or calpastatin. However, exercise training was associated with increased myocardial antioxidant enzyme activity (Mn-SOD, catalase) and a reduction in oxidative stress. Importantly, exercise training also prevented the I/R-induced degradation of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA)2a. These findings suggest that increases in endogenous antioxidants may diminish the free radical-mediated damage and/or degradation of Ca2+ handling proteins (such as SERCA2a) typically observed after I/R. In conclusion, these results support the concept that calpain activation is an important component of I/R-induced injury and that exercise training provides cardioprotection against I/R injury, at least in part, by attenuating I/R-induced calpain activation.
A Technical Modification of Cloward's Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (1977)

The concept of interbody (intercorporal) fusion as a useful treatment for intervertebral disc disease in the cervical area has been well received. Thirty-two years have passed since Cloward first introduced his technique of posterior lumbar intervertebral fusion. The author believes that the delayed acceptance of this procedure is due to fear of technical difficulties. A technical modification of Cloward's posterior lumbar interbody fusion is introduced. It entails better technique in controlling epidural bleeding by careful positioning of the patient and the use of oxidized cellulose as a tampon in the epidural space. The integrity of the facet is preserved through a more limited interlaminal approach. Osteosynthesis of the grafts is assured by multiple perforations of the cortical plate in accordance with Robinson's principle utilized in cervical interbody fusion. The author believes that the modification simplifies the Cloward posterior lumbar interbody fusion. It also assures better stability after surgery by retention of the facet and lessening the dangers of settlement of the graft by preservation of the cortical plate. In a series of 75 cases, tomograms made 4 months after operation have shown a viable graft with active osteosynthesis between the graft and the adjoining vertebral bodies in 94%.