gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunotherapy in endometrial cancer: new scenarios on the horizon (2019)

This extensive review summarizes clinical evidence on immunotherapy and targeted therapy currently available for endometrial cancer (EC) and reports the results of the clinical trials and ongoing studies. The research was carried out collecting preclinical and clinical findings using keywords such as immune environment, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, immune checkpoint inhibitors, anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies and others' on PubMed. Finally, we looked for the ongoing immunotherapy trials on ClinicalTrials.gov. EC is the fourth most common malignancy in women in developed countries. Despite medical and surgical treatments, survival has not improved in the last decade and death rates have increased for uterine cancer in women. Therefore, identification of clinically significant prognostic risk factors and formulation of new rational therapeutic regimens have great significance for enhancing the survival rate and improving the outcome in patients with advanced or metastatic disease. The identification of genetic alterations, including somatic mutations and microsatellite instability, and the definition of intracellular signaling pathways alterations that have a major role in in tumorigenesis is leading to the development of new therapeutic options for immunotherapy and targeted therapy.
Scenarios and Research Issues for a Network of Information (2008)

This paper describes ideas and items of work within the framework of the EU-funded 4WARD project. We present scenarios where the current host-centric approach to information storage and retrieval is ill-suited for and explain how a new networking paradigm emerges, by adopting the information-centri
Terminal short arm domains of basement membrane laminin are critical for its self-assembly. (1990)

Laminin self-assembles into large polymers by a cooperative two-step calcium-dependent mechanism (Yurchenco, P. D., E. C. Tsilibary, A. S. Charonis, and H. Furthmayr. 1985. J. Biol. Chem. 260:7636-7644). The domain specificity of this process was investigated using defined proteolytically generated fragments corresponding to the NH2-terminal globule and adjacent stem of the short arm of the B1 chain (E4), a complex of the two short arms of the A and B2 chains attached to the proximal stem of a third short arm (E1'), a similar complex lacking the globular domains (P1'), and the distal half of the long arm attached to the adjacent portion of the large globule (E8). Polymerization, followed by an increase of turbidity at 360 nm in neutral isotonic TBS containing CaCl2 at 35 degrees C, was quantitatively inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner with laminin fragments E4 and E1' but not with fragments E8 and P1'. Affinity retardation chromatography was used for further characterization of the binding of laminin domains. The migration of fragment E4, but not of fragments E8 and P1', was retarded in a temperature- and calcium-dependent fashion on a laminin affinity column but not on a similar BSA column. These data are evidence that laminin fragments E4 and E1' possess essential terminal binding domains for the self-aggregation of laminin, while fragments E8 and P1' do not. Furthermore, the individual domain-specific interactions that contribute to assembly are calcium dependent and of low affinity.
Preservice Teachers’ Intercultural Competence: A Comparative Study of Teachers in Switzerland and Turkey (2014)

Problem Statement: Every society consists of individuals different in terms of physical, psychological, and sociocultural characteristics. Differentiation in today’s societies has increased due to globalization, intensified immigration, advancements in communication technologies, and the recent increase in value of subcultures within the dominant culture. Consequently, human communities that maintain different characteristics together have brought about the concept of multicultural societies. Within these societies, teachers play the principle role in maintaining the multicultural environment and managing its processes. Since teachers’ successful implementation of these tasks depends on their level of intercultural competence, today’s teachers should develop their intercultural competence. Purpose of Study: The present study aims to determine the intercultural competence levels of preservice teachers from Switzerland and Turkey. Methods: A descriptive survey model was used as the chief research approach. The study sample comprised 185 preservice teachers, 84 of whom were from Switzerland and 101 of whom were from Turkey. Data were collected by means of the Multicultural Personality Questionnaire and a personal information form. Findings and Results: The intercultural competence levels of preservice teachers from Switzerland and Turkey were found to be middling. Preservice teachers perceived themselves to be the most competent in the dimension of ‘cultural empathy,’ which was followed by ‘openmindedness,’ ‘social initiative,’ ‘flexibility,’ and ‘emotional stability,’
Periodic Hartree−Fock Study of Li<i><sub>x</sub></i>TiS<sub>2</sub>, 0 ≤ <i>x</i> ≤ 1:  The Structural, Elastic, and Electronic Effects of Lithium Intercalation in TiS<sub>2</sub> (1997)

The structural and electronic properties of the intercalation compound LixTiS2, x = 1/4, 3/4, and 1, are investigated at the ab initio, all-electron, periodic Hartree−Fock level, using an extended basis set and a posteriori density functional correlation corrections to the total energy. Calculated lattice parameters, bulk moduli, linear moduli, cohesive energy, elastic constants, band structure, density of states, and Mulliken populations are reported. This study indicates that the following physical changes in LixTiS2 are induced by intercalation. (1) The crystal expands uniaxially in the c⃗ direction. (2) The S−Ti−S layers expand negligibly (<0.01 Å) in the c⃗ direction at x = 1/4, but a large (0.16 Å) layer expansion occurs at x = 1. (3) The elastic properties change negligibly at x = 1/4, but the interlayer stiffness c33 increases by a factor of ∼4 at x = 1. (4) Lithium charge is donated to the S(3p) and Ti(3d) orbitals. At least 75% of this charge is acquired by sulfur atoms. (5) At x = 1/4, the donated charge is localized over the lithium near-neighbor S(3p) and Ti(3d) orbitals. (6) Charge transfer to a Ti(3d)-based conduction band yields metallic properties.
ePlant: Visualizing and Exploring Multiple Levels of Data for Hypothesis Generation in Plant Biology (2017)

A big challenge in current systems biology research arises when different types of data must be accessed from separate sources and visualized using separate tools. The high cognitive load required to navigate such a workflow is detrimental to hypothesis generation. Accordingly, there is a need for a robust research platform that incorporates all data and provides integrated search, analysis, and visualization features through a single portal. Here, we present ePlant (http://bar.utoronto.ca/eplant), a visual analytic tool for exploring multiple levels of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> data through a zoomable user interface. ePlant connects to several publicly available web services to download genome, proteome, interactome, transcriptome, and 3D molecular structure data for one or more genes or gene products of interest. Data are displayed with a set of visualization tools that are presented using a conceptual hierarchy from big to small, and many of the tools combine information from more than one data type. We describe the development of ePlant in this article and present several examples illustrating its integrative features for hypothesis generation. We also describe the process of deploying ePlant as an "app" on Araport. Building on readily available web services, the code for ePlant is freely available for any other biological species research.
Up-regulation of DLK1 as an imprinted gene could contribute to human hepatocellular carcinoma (2006)

Dysregulation of a genomic imprinting gene can contribute to carcinogenesis. Here, delta-like 1 homolog (Drosophila) (DLK1), a paternally expressed gene, was found to be significantly up-regulated in 60 (73.2%) of a total of 82 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) specimens using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. In addition, immunohistochemistry staining was performed in another 88 HCC specimens, of which 50 (56.8%) cancerous tissues were considered as positive. The expression of DLK1 was obviously induced in HCC cells, Bel-7402 and MHCC-H, by a demethylation agent, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. Furthermore, both demethylation of the DLK1 promoter (-565 to -362) and hypermethylation of the imprinting control domain in the region upstream of maternally expressed gene 3 were identified in a few HCC specimens. This implies that deregulation of genomic DNA methylation of the imprinted domain could be attributed to the up-regulation of DLK1 in HCC, although the undoubtedly complex mechanisms involved in the epigenetic event should be further investigated in HCC. Surprisingly, the expression of DLK1 in HCC was confirmed to be monoallelic specific, not biallelic, in three HCC specimens with a single nucleotide polymorphism as at T852C (rs2295660). Importantly, the exogenous DLK1 can significantly promote the cell proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells, a HCC cell line, whereas the suppression of endogenetic DLK1 through RNA interference can markedly inhibit cell growth, colony formation and tumorigenicity of HepG2, Hep3B and HuH-7 cells. These data suggest that DLK1 as an imprinted gene could be significantly up-regulated in HCC due to certain epigenetic events and contribute to the oncogenesis of this tumor.
Removing the Trusted Third Party in a Confidential Multiparty Registered eDelivery Protocol Using Blockchain (2020)

Recently several proposals of blockchain-based solutions for traditional e-commerce applications have been presented, taking advantage of the fact that blockchain is a technology that offers an immutable registry of data. Among these proposals we can find solutions for certified notifications, digital signature of contracts, escrow protocols, fair payments and registered deliveries. In order to execute fair exchanges, most solutions involve trusted third parties, known as TTP, supervising the exchanges in a way or another. Until now, two solutions have been presented for Registered electronic Delivery (eDelivery) services. This service allows a user to prove that he has sent some data to a set of receivers. These protocols differ in the properties achieved and also in the use of trusted third parties. The first protocol is a blockchain-based solution without TTP for the eDelivery of non-confidential data. The second protocol allows also the eDelivery of confidential data. However, this second proposal requires the involvement of a TTP in a non-mandatory resolution phase. In this paper we present a new protocol that achieves the best properties of the previous solutions at the same time. The new protocol doesn't require the involvement of a TTP at any moment while it allows the eDelivery of confidential data, satisfying the security requirements for this service.
Specific volume and adiabatic compressibility measurements of native and aggregated recombinant human interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist: Density differences enable pressure‐modulated refolding (2007)

High hydrostatic pressures have been used to dissociate non-native protein aggregates and foster refolding to the native conformation. In this study, partial specific volume and adiabatic compressibility measurements were used to examine the volumetric contributions to pressure-modulated refolding. The thermodynamics of pressure-modulated refolding from non-native aggregates of recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) were determined by partial specific volume and adiabatic compressibility measurements. Aggregates of IL-1ra formed at elevated temperatures (55 degrees C) were found to be less dense than native IL-1ra and refolded at 31 degrees C under 1,500 bar pressure with a yield of 57%. Partial specific adiabatic compressibility measurements suggest that the formation of solvent-free cavities within the interior of IL-1ra aggregates cause the apparent increase in specific volume. Dense, pressure-stable aggregates could be formed at 2,000 bar which could not be refolded with additional high pressure treatment, demonstrating that aggregate formation conditions and structure dictate pressure-modulated refolding yields.
Active Cord Mechanism with Oblique Swivel Joints and Its Control (1981)

Active Cord Mechanism (abbreviated as ACM) in this paper is the newly proposed bio-mechanical element with long and slender body and executes flexible winding motion such as a snake being in the natural world. The authors have been interested in ACM and have been making successive investigations on its mechanisms and control problems as a locomotor and a manipulator. In this paper some fundamental considerations as to the problems to realize the industrial applications of ACM are performed and shown that the designing of effective actuator system is crucial. As a results of these considerations, a mechanism named “Oblique Swivel Joints” is proposed to be suitable especially for ACM as a locomotor. The control problems of oblique swivel joints are then analyzed by tensor calculus, and basic control principles are derived. To verify these considerations an ACM mechanical model with oblique swivel joints is constructed. The mechanical model is 1.6m in length, 61mm in diameter and consists of 16 segments. It is controlled by micro-computer. By this ACM model, 3 dimensional posture formation and its successive transformation is demonstrated. The ACM model also demonstrates smooth locomotion like a centipede or milliped on a rugged surface or over a ditch by installing powered wheels along the ACM trunk and supplied cooperative control of the rotation of the wheel and the bending motion of the ACM trunk. Thus the authors believe that this study showed one of the ways for ACM to be utilized in various industrial applications.
Tumor Hypoxia Imaging (2006)

In this issue of Clinical Cancer Research , Rajendran et al. ([1][1]) have assessed the value of pretherapy fluoromisonidazole (FMISO) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, an indicator of tissue hypoxia, in predicting survival of 73 patients with head and neck cancers. In this study, the
The economic and social impact of adjustment in Africa : further empirical analysis (1997)

Africa, economic policy, social implications, structural adjustment
Modulation of MHC class II antigen expression in human myoblasts after treatment with IFN‐γ (1991)

Some investigators have proposed myoblast transfer as a potential therapy for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Little is known about the immunobiology of myoblast transplantation. Transplantation rejection is mediated to a large extent by CD8+ T cells, which recognize alloantigens encoded by class I HLA genes, and by CD4+ T cells, which recognize alloantigens encoded by class II HLA genes. Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) is a potent inducer of HLA class II molecules as well as beta 2-microglobulin, which is co-expressed with HLA class I. IFN-gamma may be a critical cytokine involved in graft rejection. We purified human myoblasts by flow cytometry and incubated them in vitro for varying time periods with recombinant human IFN-gamma. The inducibility of HLA-DR and -DP molecules raises a note of caution concerning possible rejection phenomenon which might occur following myoblast transplantation.
[Variability analysis of S2 gene of SARS-CoV]. (2006)

S2 gene of GD322 SARS-CoV is relatively stable during the epidemic spread of the virus, and mutation at the 57th amino acids of S2 protein may affect the T cell antigen epitope.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Oxygenative Addition to Terminal Alkynes for the Synthesis of Esters, Amides, and Carboxylic Acids (2013)

A gem of a couple: The title reaction of terminal alkynes with O and N nucleophiles proceeds in the presence of [{Rh(cod)Cl}2], P(4-FC6H4)3, and 4-picoline N-oxide. Alcohols, amines, and water add to the terminal alkynes to give esters, amides, and carboxylic acids, respectively. The reaction involves formation of a rhodium vinylidene, oxidation to a ketene by oxygen transfer, and nucleophilic addition.
Anticipated tax planning as a source of merger gains (2014)

This paper investigates anticipated tax planning as an underlying source of value creation for acquirers’ shareholders. We hypothesize that merger announcement returns for acquirers reflect their shareholders’ beliefs about the future tax planning performance of the merged firm. Our analyses show that, in acquisitions of more tax aggressive targets by less tax aggressive acquirers, acquirers’ merger announcement abnormal returns decrease as the tax aggressiveness of the acquirer decreases relative to that of the target. For acquisitions of less tax aggressive targets by more tax aggressive acquirers, acquirers’ merger announcement abnormal returns increase as the tax aggressiveness of the acquirer increases relative to that of the target, but is only observable when omitting deals in either extreme decile of the targets’ tax aggressiveness. These findings suggest that the market expects the target to adopt the acquirer’s tax planning rather than benefiting from the more aggressive planning of either party, and that the anticipated tax planning changes are positively associated with acquirer returns. Further, the results suggest that the merged firm’s overall tax planning is easier to reduce than increase through the acquisition.
Sizing up sialic acid in glomerular disease (2007)

A new study by Galeano and colleagues in this issue of the JCI reports the first glomerular disease caused by a genetic defect in sialic acid biosynthesis (see the related article beginning on page 1585). Mice that harbor mutations in the Gne/Mnk gene produce lower amounts of sialic acid, suffer from hematuria, proteinuria, and structural defects in the glomerulus and die within days after birth. Remarkably, the lesion can be reversed through dietary addition of N-acetylmannosamine, a sialic acid precursor, raising the intriguing possibility that this approach might have therapeutic benefit in patients with glomerular disease.
Persistence of <i>Lactobacillus fermentum</i> RC-14 and <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> GR-1 but Not <i>L. rhamnosus</i> GG in the Human Vagina as Demonstrated by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (2002)

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and L. fermentum RC-14 are well-characterized probiotic strains with efficacy in the prevention and treatment of urogenital infections in women. The aim of the present study was to apply a molecular biology-based methodology for the detection of these strains and L. rhamnosus GG (a commercially available intestinal probiotic) in the human vagina in order to assess probiotic persistence at this site. Ten healthy women inserted vaginally a capsule containing either a combination of strains GR-1 and RC-14 or the GG strain for 3 consecutive nights. Vaginal swabs taken before and at various time points after probiotic insertion were analyzed, and the Lactobacillus flora was assessed by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. This method generated discrete DNA fingerprints for GR-1, RC-14, and GG and enabled successful detection of these strains in the vagina. Strain GR-1 and/or strain RC-14 was found to persist in the vaginal tract for up to 19 days after vaginal instillation, while L. rhamnosus GG was detectable for up to 5 days postadministration. In conclusion, the fates of probiotic L. rhamnosus and L. fermentum strains were successfully monitored in the human vagina by RAPD analysis. This technique provides molecular biology-based evidence that RC-14 and GR-1, strains selected as urogenital probiotics, persist in the human vagina and may be more suited to vaginal colonization than L. rhamnosus GG. This highlights the importance of proper selection of strains for urogenital probiotic applications.
Dual Role of Phosphofructokinase-2/Fructose Bisphosphatase-2 in Regulating the Compartmentation and Expression of Glucokinase in Hepatocytes (2005)

Hepatic glucokinase is regulated by a 68-kDa regulatory protein (GKRP) that is both an inhibitor and nuclear receptor for glucokinase. We tested the role of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (PFK2) in regulating glucokinase compartmentation in hepatocytes. PFK2 catalyzes formation or degradation of the regulator of glycolysis fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (fructose 2,6-P2), depending on its phosphorylation state (ser-32), and is also a glucokinase-binding protein. Incubation of hepatocytes at 25 mmol/l glucose causes translocation of glucokinase from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and an increase in fructose 2,6-P2. Glucagon caused phosphorylation of PFK2-ser-32, lowered the fructose 2,6-P2 concentration, and inhibited glucose-induced translocation of glucokinase. These effects of glucagon were reversed by expression of a kinase-active PFK2 mutant (S32A/H258A) that overrides the suppression of fructose 2,6-P2 but not by overexpression of wild-type PFK2. Overexpression of PFK2 potentiated glucokinase expression in hepatocytes transduced with an adenoviral vector-encoding glucokinase by a mechanism that does not involve stabilization of glucokinase protein from degradation. It is concluded that PFK2 has a dual role in regulating glucokinase in hepatocytes: it potentiates glucokinase protein expression by posttranscriptional mechanisms and favors its cytoplasmic compartmentation. Thus, it acts in a complementary mechanism to GKRP, which also regulates glucokinase protein expression and compartmentation.
Pooling: Should We Care if the FASB Kills It? (2000)

Is the FASB justified in eliminating the popular pooling-of-interests method? © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Soft-switching buck boost converter using passive snubber composed of pulse current regenerative resonant circuit (2007)

This paper presents a novel soft-switching buck boost converter using a passive snubber composed of a pulse current regenerative snubber circuit. The proposed soft-switching circuit consists of passive components which configure CD (capacitor and diode) snubber circuit and regenerative resonant circuit assisted with an auxiliary winding of a main inductor. The paper indicates the effective converter operation region of the soft-switching action and its efficiency improvement results on the basis of experimental evaluations using 3.5 kW prototype.
The management paradigm shift: Challenges from element management to service management (2002)

In today's marketplace, the value of a network — whether public or private — is defined by the services it provides. This is a fundamental change from networks whose major value has been perceived as providing data communications. While operations support systems have served the needs of telecommunications providers for many years, major changes will be required in these systems to support this value shift. This issue of the Bell Labs Technical Journal, which emphasizes a management-paradigm-focused view of the network, provides a sample of many trends and challenges found within Lucent Technologies — from implementing element management systems to implementing service management systems. This paper, which presents a view of service management as managing the relationship between clients and applications in a heterogeneous network, serves as an introduction to the issue.