gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Tomato Transcription Factor Pti4 Regulates Defense-Related Gene Expression via GCC Box and Non-GCC Box<i>cis</i>Elements[W] (2003)

The tomato transcription factor Pti4, an ethylene-responsive factor (ERF), interacts physically with the disease resistance protein Pto and binds the GCC box cis element that is present in the promoters of many pathogenesis-related (PR) genes. We reported previously that Arabidopsis plants expressing Pti4 constitutively express several GCC box-containing PR genes and show reduced disease symptoms compared with wild-type plants after inoculation with Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato or Erysiphe orontii. To gain insight into how genome-wide gene expression is affected by Pti4, we used serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) to compare transcripts in wild-type and Pti4-expressing Arabidopsis plants. SAGE provided quantitative measurements of >20,000 transcripts and identified the 50 most highly expressed genes in Arabidopsis vegetative tissues. Comparison of the profiles from wild-type and Pti4-expressing Arabidopsis plants revealed 78 differentially abundant transcripts encoding defense-related proteins, protein kinases, ribosomal proteins, transporters, and two transcription factors (TFs). Many of the genes identified were expressed differentially in wild-type Arabidopsis during infection by Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato, supporting a role for them in defense-related processes. Unexpectedly, the promoters of most Pti4-regulated genes did not have a GCC box. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments confirmed that Pti4 binds in vivo to promoters lacking this cis element. Potential binding sites for ERF, MYB, and GBF TFs were present in statistically significantly increased numbers in promoters regulated by Pti4. Thus, Pti4 appears to regulate gene expression directly by binding the GCC box and possibly a non-GCC box element and indirectly by either activating the expression of TF genes or interacting physically with other TFs.
Bridging IMO e-Navigation Policy and Offshore Oil and Gas Operations through Geospatial Standards (2016)

In offshore industry activities, the suitable onboard provision of assets location and geospatial marine information during operations is essential. Currently, most companies use its own data structures, resulting in incompatibility between processes. In order to promote the data exchange, oil and gas industry associations have pursued initiatives to standardize spatial information. In turn, the IMO - International Maritime Organization - started the implementation of e-Navigation policy, which is the standardization of technologies and protocols applied to maritime information and navigation. This paper shows relationship and integration points between maritime activities of oil and gas industry and e-Navigation technologies and processes, highlighting geospatial information. This paper also preludes out an initiative for a suitable product specification for the offshore oil and gas industry, compliant with e-Navigation and IHO S-100 international standards.
A Haptic Knob for Rehabilitation of Hand Function (2007)

This paper describes a novel two-degree-of-freedom robotic interface to train opening/closing of the hand and knob manipulation. The mechanical design, based on two parallelogram structures holding an exchangeable button, offers the possibility to adapt the interface to various hand sizes and finger orientations, as well as to right-handed or left-handed subjects. The interaction with the subject is measured by means of position encoders and four force sensors located close to the output measuring grasping and insertion forces. Various knobs can be mounted on the interface, including a cone mechanism to train a complete opening movement from a strongly contracted and closed hand to a large opened position. We describe the design based on measured biomechanics, the redundant safety mechanisms as well as the actuation and control architecture. Preliminary experiments show the performance of this interface and some of the possibilities it offers for the rehabilitation of hand function.
What are the differences in nurse practitioner training and scope of practice in the US and UK? (2010)

In the US, the role of the nurse practitioner is long established. In the UK, the role is not as well developed and there is neither a separate registry nor a recordable qualification to recognise NPs on the Nursing and Midwifery Council register. This has hindered the development of NPs as there is no specified level of training or scope of practice that applies to all nurses in posts labelled "nurse practitioner". This article examines the differences in NP training, licensing and practice between the US and the UK; recommendations are made for using the lessons learnt in the US to help promote the development of NPs in the UK.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Single-Crystal Ni(OH)2 Nanorods in a Carbon-Coated Anodic Alumina Film (2002)

The formation of Ni(OH)2 nanorods within an anodic oxide template via hydrothermal synthesis, followed by their subsequent liberation to form discrete NiO nanorods, is presented. The carbon can effectively be removed to form this uniform rod-like product. The Figure shows a schematic illustration of the synthesis.
Improvements in GaAs/plasma-deposited silicon nitride interface quality by predeposition GaAs surface treatment and postdeposition annealing (1982)

Substantial improvements in the electrical properties of interfaces between n-type GaAs and Si3N4 formed by plasma-enhanced CVD have been obtained by in situ substrate surface treatment with a hydrogen plasma and postdeposition annealing. For samples with surface treatment and deposition performed at 300 °C, annealing at 600° for 30 min in N2 produced a dramatic reduction of capacitance frequency dispersion. Capacitance and conductance data indicate a major reduction of surface state density. Low-frequency C–V on an illuminated sample show evidence of surface inversion. AES composition profiles are presented as evidence that the hydrogen plasma treatment reduces native oxide on the GaAs.
Interferon-γ-Induced Necrosis: An Antitumor Biotherapeutic Perspective (2013)

Interferon (IFN)-γ—like the well-known antitumor biotherapeutic IFN-α—is a powerful antiproliferative and immune modulatory cytokine, but mixed results from clinical trials, together with issues of systemic toxicity, have dampened enthusiasm for its use in the treatment of cancer. We suggest that at least 2 factors reduce the antitumor efficacy of IFN-γ: (1) poorly understood survival mechanisms that protect most tumor cells from IFN-γ-induced direct cytotoxicity, and (2) the short half-life of IFN-γ in serum. In this review, we outline avenues to overcome both these limitations. First, we have identified the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) as a protective mechanism against IFN-γ-induced necrosis, and disabling NF-κB allows IFN-γ to trigger RIP1 kinase-dependent programmed necrosis (or necroptosis) in otherwise resistant cells. Second, we propose that fusing IFN-γ to tumor-specific antibodies will stabilize IFN-γ in serum and target this cytokine to tumor cells. We expect that such IFN-γ–antibody chimeras (called immunocytokines), when combined with agents that neutralize tumor-intrinsic survival signals such as NF-κB, will exert potent tumoricidal activity with minimized systemic side effects. Although this review will focus on exploiting IFN-γ-induced necrosis for treatment of renal cell carcinoma, these approaches are also directly applicable to several human cancers in which IFNs have shown therapeutic potential.
A comparative study of three single-stage, depressed-collector designs for a 1-MW, CW gyrotron (2000)

1-MW continuous-wave (CW) gyrotrons operating at 140 GHz are being developed for heating fusion plasmas. Energy recovery using a depressed collector is employed to improve total efficiency and reduce power supply voltage and voltage regulation requirements for various electron beam devices. This paper describes and compares three different types of single-stage, depressed collector designs. The first design is a magnetically shielded, coaxial collector with fixed-current collector coils. The second and third designs use cylindrical collectors with an outer magnetic shield and collector coils with time-varying current values. The time-varying magnetic field produced by the collector coils sweeps the beam trajectories on the collector surface lowering the average power density. The second design employs axial beam sweeping using axisymmetric collector coils, whereas the third design employs transverse beam sweeping, making the instantaneous fields and electron trajectories nonaxisymmetric and three-dimensional (3-D). Relative advantages and disadvantages of these three schemes are discussed.
Enhanced intrusion detection system for malicious node detection in <i>ad hoc</i> routing protocols using minimal energy consumption (2010)

An ad hoc network is the assortment of cooperative wireless nodes without existence of any access point or infrastructure. Many ad hoc network routing protocols have been proposed in the literature. However, none of them deal with the issues of security. The presence of malicious nodes in an ad hoc network deteriorates the network performance. A novel approach for enhanced intrusion detection system for malicious node is proposed here to protect against attacks in ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing protocol. The proposed approach employs a method for determining conditions under which malicious node should be monitored. Apart from identification of malicious node, it has been observed that this approach leads to less conservation and less communication breakage in ad hoc routing. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach can effectively detect malicious nodes. This approach has been found beneficial for identifying malicious nodes in black hole attack, neighbour attack, sequence number attack and packet forwarding attack up to 700 nodes.
Nipah Virus in Lyle's Flying Foxes, Cambodia (2005)

We conducted a survey in Cambodia in 2000 on henipavirus infection among several bat species, including flying foxes, and persons exposed to these animals. Among 1,072 bat serum samples tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, antibodies reactive to Nipah virus (NiV) antigen were detected only in Pteropus lylei species; Cynopterus sphinx, Hipposideros larvatus, Scotophilus kuhlii, Chaerephon plicata, Taphozous melanopogon, and T. theobaldi species were negative. Seroneutralization applied on a subset of 156 serum samples confirmed these results. None of the 8 human serum samples was NiV seropositive with the seroneutralization test. One virus isolate exhibiting cytopathic effect with syncytia was obtained from 769 urine samples collected at roosts of P. lylei specimens. Partial molecular characterization of this isolate demonstrated that it was closely related to NiV. These results strengthen the hypothesis that flying foxes could be the natural host of NiV. Surveillance of human cases should be implemented.
[Advances of lentiviral vectors]. (2014)

Lentiviral vectors are currently very effective tools in molecular and cell experiment. Lentiviral vector, a kind of retroviral vectors, has a number of unique advantages in target gene transferation, for example, the ability of transfection to the dividing or nondividing cells, its high efficiency of transfection and a capacity of large target gene fragments. This paper describes the sources of lentiviral vectors, molecular characteristics, research progress, etc.
Lasing at 1.28 /spl mu/m of InAs-GaAs quantum dots with AlGaAs cladding layer grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (2005)

We report the device characteristics of stacked InAs-GaAs quantum dot (QD) lasers cladded by an Al/sub 0.4/Ga/sub 0.6/As layer grown at low temperature by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. In the growth of quantum dot lasers, an emission wavelength shifts toward a shorter value due to the effect of postgrowth annealing on quantum dots. This blueshift can be suppressed when the annealing temperature is below 570/spl deg/C. We achieved 1.28-/spl mu/m continuous-wave lasing at room temperature of five layers stacked InAs-GaAs quantum dots embedded in an In/sub 0.13/Ga/sub 0.87/As strain-reducing layer whose p-cladding layer was grown at 560/spl deg/C. From the experiments and calculations of the gain spectra of fabricated quantum dot lasers, the observed lasing originates from the first excited state of stacked InAs quantum dots. We also discuss the device characteristics of fabricated quantum dot lasers at various growth temperatures of the p-cladding layer.
Analysis of Pressure Transient Data in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs With Spherical Flow (1976)

American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, Inc, Abstract Methods for analysis of pressure transient performance in homogeneous reservoirs with performance in homogeneous reservoirs with spherical flow have been presented by others in the past. This work extends the art to the case of naturally fractured reservoirs with uniform fracture distribution. A reservoir model similar to the double-porosity system described by Warren and Root is employed. The fundamental differential equation and the solution of the equation by the application of the Laplace Transformation serves as the theoretical foundation. A method is then presented for estimation of an average spherical permeability and static reservoir pressure. Also the procedure for estimation of total fluid capacitance (2C2+ 1C1) and the fraction of which being contributed by the fracture network () is discussed. Introduction If in a naturally fractured reservoir only a small interval of the upper portion of the zone is open to production, the flow regime has a vertical component and cannot be considered cylindrical. The existence of the vertical flow component gives rise to the establishment of a hemispherical flow system, Fig. 1. The problem of spherical flow in homogeneous porous media has received a fair treatment by porous media has received a fair treatment by others. Muskat derived the general equation for potential distribution in a spherical flow system. He showed that for a steady state system under spherical flow the pressure gradients are much more concentrated about the wellbore than in the case of radial flow. He further noted that for such systems the flux is independent of the shape and the size of the drainage boundary as long as the external boundary radius is large compared to the wellbore radius. Moran and Finklea were the first to present the pressure buildup equations for analysis of pressure data obtained form wireline formation testers. They showed that for thin beds the early stages of pressure buildup tend toward spherical flow. The later stages, however, approach cylindrical flow. Chatas considered several flow problems of importance to reservoir engineering where spherical geometry serves as a better approximation than the cylindrical.
Corpo e identidade feminina - Parte 1 (2008)

"O artigo versa sobre a importância do corpo perfeito e da beleza no processo de construção da identidade em mulheresurbanas de classe média alta. Prioriza o papel da mídia na elaboração e manutenção do estereótipo da mulher bem sucedidacomo sendo a mulher magra e malhada."
Abstract 18257: A Novel Portable Polyvinylidene Fluoride Based Sensor for Detection of Hemorrhage (2015)

Introduction: Hemorrhage (Hem) is one of the leading causes of mortality from trauma, and continuous monitoring for Hem using techniques such as traditional BP, especially in field conditions, poses significant challenges. We have built a portable low-powered noninvasive sensor for continuous vascular tone monitoring to detect significant Hem as an alternative to BP monitoring. The sensor, made of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) material, can sense and record changes in the mechanical properties of arteries due to peripheral vasoconstriction caused by Hem. Methods: Nine pigs underwent Hem by femoral artery bleeding. Systolic arterial pressure (SAP) was used to select 16 instances of significant hemorrhage (SAP>85mmHg pre-Hem and >10mmHg drop in SAP post-Hem). The PVDF signal was measured from the animal’s distal forelimb. A piecewise linear estimation of the PVDF signal was computed using a newly developed Taut String algorithm such that the error was <4% of the signal amplitude. The number of pieces in each period was used as a complexity score (CS) to detect Hem. Results: Arterial BP and the CS derived from the PVDF signal for one subject (Fig), as well as snapshots from the PVDF signal demonstrating morphology changes are shown. Maximum separation between pre- and post-Hem CS was achieved by a threshold of 5.5; 14 instances (87.5%) transitioned from CS≥6 to 5 within 5 minutes of the onset of HS (t0) while the remaining 2 instances transitioned from CS=5 to 3. The average detection delay was 1.95±1.2 min. These changes corresponded to >10mmHg decrease in SAP from baseline. CS improved during subsequent resuscitations. Conclusions: The proposed low-powered portable sensor captures continuous vascular tone and can be used to detect significant Hem in a continuous manner that may offer diagnostic and therapeutic guidance as an alternative to traditional intermittent BP measures. The results indicate that the derived CS can effectively separate the signals pre- and post-Hem.
Consumi politici e denaro. Logiche d’azione trasformativa nel campo economico (2011)

Il volume è diviso in tre parti. Nella prima parte sono illustrate due grandi traiettorie seguite dalla sociologia per denaturalizzare il riferimento al denaro. Il primo capitolo fissa un approccio alla de(i)stituzione della moneta incentrato sulla “contaminazione” del suo utilizzo da parte di fattori extra-economici. Il secondo capitolo rende conto di una seconda traiettoria di studi sociologici basata sul “disvelamento” dell’ontologia sociale della moneta. La seconda parte entra nel merito del dibattito sul consumerismo politico (Cp). Il terzo capitolo iscrive il Cp nel contesto di alcune delle maggiori trasformazioni delle forme della partecipazione politica e ripercorre il dibattito esistente sul Cp. Il quarto capitolo procede ad una revisione critica del dibattito sul Cp resa possibile dalla sociologia del denaro.\nNella terza parte il Volume si concentra sulle forme apparentemente più radicali di azione politica diretta in campo economico. Il quinto capitolo torna sul denaro, defininendo alcuni termini della sua entità politicamente agita. Il sesto capitolo sintetizza i principali risultati di uno studio di caso di un esperimento monetario in Italia, quello della Rete Economica Locale di Reggio Emilia, promosso nel contesto di una delle più originali strutture della finanza etica, Mag6.\nDa ultimo, le conclusioni provano a tornare su alcune questioni affrontate nel corso del lavoro e cercano di fissare quale può essere ritenuto il risultato più interessante di questo lavoro.
Storage Media for Avulsed Tooth-A Review (2020)

Dental avulsion is the complete dislodgement of a tooth from its alveolar socket caused by certain traumatic injuries. The ideal treatment is to reimplant the tooth in its respective socket. The success of reimplanting an avulsed tooth depends on the viability of PDL cells, the available peridontium to support the tooth and the storage media where the avulsed tooth is temporarily preserved. The proper use of storage media helps in maintaining the viability of the PDL cells whereas the incorrect use of the storage media may lead to necrosis of PDL cells or root resorption. This literary review discusses the significant importance of storage media and its biological properties in reimplanting an avulsed tooth.
A comparative assessment of the effects of alkaloid tryptanthrin, rosmarinic acid, and doxorubicin on the redox status of tumor and immune cells (2017)

A comparative study of the effects of natural compounds with different biological activity spectra and mechanisms of action on the dynamics of the change in the redox-status of tumor and immune cells was carried out by measuring the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species depending on the dose and incubation time. The quinazoline alkaloid tryptanthrin, phenol propanoid rosmarinic acid, and the anticancer agent doxorubicin were tested. This study was performed on Ehrlich adenocarcinoma tumor cells and splenocytes after loading with the oxidant sensing fluorescent probe 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate. It was shown that when rosmarinic acid influences tumor cells it has a pronounced antioxidant activity at a low dose (1 mg/mL), while a high dose of rosmarinic acid (10 mg/mL) exhibits prooxidant activity. Interestingly, in a splenocyte cell culture, rosmarinic acid reduced the level of reactive oxygen species at low and high doses. The combined application of doxorubicin with rosmarinic acid at a low dose reduced the prooxidant effect of doxorubicin, which is a potent inducer of reactive oxygen species in tumor cells. Tryptanthrin is also a potent inducer of reactive oxygen species with respect to tumor and immune cells; it is a more potent prooxidant than doxorubicin. In addition, tryptanthrin enhanced the doxorubicin-induced formation of reactive oxygen species by tumor cells in the combined use of doxorubicin with tryptanthrin. However, the prooxidant effect of tryptanthrin is short-term and decreases after a prolonged incubation. The effect of reactive oxygen species on the potent mechanisms of the biological activities of the individual and combined substances under study is discussed.
How Intimate Relationships Contribute to Gender Inequality: Sexist Attitudes Encourage Women to Trade Off Career Success for Relationship Security (2017)

One reason gender inequality persists is because core needs in intimate relationships foster sexist attitudes. Benevolent sexism reveres women’s traditional caregiving roles and prescribes that men should cherish, protect, and provide for women. Benevolent sexism is appealing to both men and women because it promotes a gender role structure that promises intimacy and security within heterosexual relationships. However, benevolent sexism offers women relationship security at the expense of their career aspirations and accomplishments. The fundamental relationship motives that underpin this relationship-career trade-off for women present countervailing forces to policies designed to mitigate gender inequality. Thus, effective interventions must attend to the relationship processes that restrict women’s careers by valuing both career and relationship needs, promoting equity in career support and caregiving within intimate relationships, and providing early education to foster career and relationship goals that ensure both women and men thrive in both domains.
Clutter metrics for target detection systems (1994)

The problem of calculating an effective contrast for diffused targets in visual scenery is addressed. The effect of local variations of intensity in the vicinity of the target is modeled by considering the distribution of the intensity of the edges. The effect of global clutter is discussed from the vantage point of selecting the best model for background scenery. Generalized contrast measures are described and applied to real scenes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The effect of the LiCoO<sub>2</sub>/Li<sub>7</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> ratio on the structure and electrochemical properties of nanocomposite cathodes for all-solid-state lithium batteries (2017)

A LiCoO<sub>2</sub>/Li<sub>7</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> nanocomposite synthesized using a self-assembled block copolymer template exhibited a high capacity per active material, 135 mA h g<sup>−1</sup>.