gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the NIH Workshop Monoclonal Antibodies to Human Melanoma Antigens (1982)

Reagents exchanged at the 2nd workshop on monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) to human melanoma antigens were analyzed using both serological and immunochemical assays. The analysis by laboratories participating in the workshop of our MoAb 225.28S, 345.134S, 376.96S, 465.12S, and 763.24TS reaffirms our own analysis of these reagents in that (1) they all react with the majority of melanoma cell lines tested and (2) the reactivity of MoAb 225.28S and 763.24TS is much more restricted than that of MoAb 345.134S 376.96S, and 465.12S. Our serological analysis revealed that the majority of workshop reagents reacted with cultured melanoma cells. Immunochemical analysis of these monoclonal antibodies allowed for their division into three groups according to the molecular weights of the antigens recognized in immunoprecipitation experiments, greater than 100 kd, 80-100 kd, and DR antigens. Further analysis of the first two groups of monoclonal antibodies by immunodepletion and antibody binding inhibition assays revealed that MoAb 9.2.27, 225.28S, and 763.24TS recognize distinct determinants with a heterogeneous distribution on subpopulations of a high molecular weight melanoma associated antigen. MoAb 376.96S and 705.F6 recognize either the same or spatially close determinant(s).
Parathyroid hypertensive factor-like activity in human essential hypertension (1993)

Elevated levels of PHF-like activity are characteristic of the low-renin or salt-sensitive state, or both, and may contribute to the hypertensive process. Elevated PHF-like activity levels found in normotensive subjects may presage the development of low-renin, salt-sensitive hypertension.
The quantum interference effect transistor (2007)

We give a detailed discussion of the quantum interference effect transistor (QuIET), a proposed device which exploits the interference between electron paths through aromatic molecules to modulate the current flow. In the off state, perfect destructive interference stemming from the molecular symmetry blocks the current, while in the on state, the current is allowed to flow by locally introducing either decoherence or elastic scattering. Details of a model calculation demonstrating the efficacy of the QuIET are presented, and various fabrication scenarios are proposed, including the possibility of using conducting polymers to connect the QuIET with multiple leads.
Antibodies to quinolinic acid reveal localization in select immune cells rather than neurons or astroglia (1993)

Polyclonal antibodies were produced against quinolinic acid. No immunoreactivity was observed in any cell type in carbodiimide-fixed brain tissue from control rats. When the antibodies were applied to carbodiimide-fixed spleen tissue, strong quinolinic acid immunoreactivity was observed in some cells with the appearance of macrophages and dendritic cells. These findings indicate an immune system origin for quinolinic acid, and implicate immune cells in excitotoxic CNS pathologies. These findings also raise the possibility that quinolinic acid is a unique cytokine in immune system signal transmission.
An Advanced Neutron Spectrometer for Future Manned Exploration Missions (2014)

An Advanced Neutron Spectrometer (ANS) is being developed to support future manned exploration missions. This new instrument uses a refined gate and capture technique that significantly improves the identification of neutrons in mixed radiation fields found in spacecraft, habitats and on planetary surfaces. The new instrument is a composite scintillator comprised of PVT loaded with litium-6 glass scintillators. We will describe the detection concept and show preliminary results from laboratory tests and exposures at particle accelerators
Automated carotid artery intima layer regional segmentation (2011)

Evaluation of the carotid artery wall is essential for the assessment of a patient's cardiovascular risk or for the diagnosis of cardiovascular pathologies. This paper presents a new, completely user-independent algorithm called carotid artery intima layer regional segmentation (CAILRS, a class of AtheroEdge™ systems), which automatically segments the intima layer of the far wall of the carotid ultrasound artery based on mean shift classification applied to the far wall. Further, the system extracts the lumen-intima and media-adventitia borders in the far wall of the carotid artery. Our new system is characterized and validated by comparing CAILRS borders with the manual tracings carried out by experts. The new technique is also benchmarked with a semi-automatic technique based on a first-order absolute moment edge operator (FOAM) and compared to our previous edge-based automated methods such as CALEX (Molinari et al 2010 J. Ultrasound Med. 29 399-418, 2010 IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control 57 1112-24), CULEX (Delsanto et al 2007 IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 56 1265-74, Molinari et al 2010 IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control 57 1112-24), CALSFOAM (Molinari et al Int. Angiol. (at press)), and CAUDLES-EF (Molinari et al J. Digit. Imaging (at press)). Our multi-institutional database consisted of 300 longitudinal B-mode carotid images. In comparison to semi-automated FOAM, CAILRS showed the IMT bias of -0.035 ± 0.186 mm while FOAM showed -0.016 ± 0.258 mm. Our IMT was slightly underestimated with respect to the ground truth IMT, but showed uniform behavior over the entire database. CAILRS outperformed all the four previous automated methods. The system's figure of merit was 95.6%, which was lower than that of the semi-automated method (98%), but higher than that of the other automated techniques.
Characterization of beam splitters in the calibration of a six-channel Stokes polarimeter (2018)

Polarization distortion in a beam splitter is a phenomenon where the polarization state of output light deviates from the theoretical expectation, which is inevitable and will result in significant errors in the optical systems. A theoretical analysis method based on Mueller matrix ellipsometry is proposed for characterizing the beam splitters and the application in the calibration of a six-channel Stokes polarimeter (SP) is shown. In this study, polarization distortions in the beam splitters including depolarization, linear birefringence, circular birefringence, linear dichroism, and circular dichroism have been considered. With the proposed method, the beam splitters are characterized by the polarization distortions and the effective optical parameters extracted. In our experiment, the Mueller matrices of two different commonly used beam splitters measured by a commercial Mueller matrix ellipsometer (MME) are consistently fitted by the proposed method and the residual errors have shown improvement compared to the conventional methods. A practical application of the proposed method is exhibited by calibrating a SP system containing two non-polarization beam splitters and three polarization beam splitters. With the proposed method introduced, the general error of the measured Stokes vector can be reduced from 3% to 1%, and the errors of the thickness measurement of standard SiO2 thin film samples are within 1 nm compared with the results reported by a commercial MME.
Bioactive molecules from the Blue Lagoon: <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> assessment of silica mud and microalgae extracts for their effects on skin barrier function and prevention of skin ageing (2008)

Bathing in the Blue Lagoon, a specific geothermal biotope in Iceland has been known for many years to be beneficial for human skin in general and for patients with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis in particular. The scientific rationale for this empirical observation, however has remained elusive. We now report that extracts prepared from silica mud and two different microalgae species derived from the Blue Lagoon are capable of inducing involucrin, loricrin, transglutaminase-1 and filaggrin gene expression in primary human epidermal keratinocytes. The same extracts also affects primary human dermal fibroblasts, because extracts from silica mud and one type of algae inhibited UVA radiation-induced upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression and both algae, as well as silica mud extracts induced collagen 1A1 and 1A2 gene expression in this cell type. These effects were not restricted to the in vitro situation because topical treatment of healthy human skin (n = 20) with a galenic formulation containing all three extracts induced identical gene regulatory effects in vivo, which were associated with a significant reduction of transepidermal water loss. In aggregate, these results suggest that the bioactives in Blue Lagoon have the capacity to improve skin barrier function and to prevent premature skin ageing. These observations explain at least some of the beneficial effects of bathing in the Blue Lagoon and provide a scientific basis for the use of Blue Lagoon extracts in cosmetic and/or medical products.
Ten Stage Knudsen Gas Pump (2012)

A Knudsen gas pump is driven by the thermal transpiration effect. In this study, a Knudsen gas pump was fabricated which is powered by using a thermoelectric module. By adding current to the thermoelectric module, each module’s ceramic plate is heated/cooled causing a temperature gradient when positioned properly across the nano-porous membranes. Thermal transpiration occurs, causing a pressure gradient across the channels of the membrane which then induces a gas flow across the membrane. During the study, each single pump was initially tested for pressure performance by powering the thermoelectric at 6 and 15 Watts. Loaded and unloaded flow rates were also tested for a single pump. Five and 10 pumps were then connected into series and the pressure performance was tested at 6 and 15 Watts. The flow rate under loaded and unloaded conditions was also tested. It has been demonstrated that the 10 stage series Knudsen pump creates a significantly larger pressure than a 5 stage series or a single stage Knudsen pump.
Synthesis of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazinones as potent, subtype selective PDE4 inhibitors (2007)

A series of pyrrolo [2,3-d]pyridazinones was synthesized and tested for their inhibitory activity on PDE4 subtypes A, B and D and selectivity toward Rolipram high affinity binding site (HARBS). New agents with interesting profile were reported; in particular compound 9e showed a good PDE4 subtype selectivity, being 8 times more potent (IC50 = 0.32 microM) for PDE4B (anti-inflammatory) than for PDE4D (IC50 = 2.5 microM), generally considered the subtype responsible for emesis. Moreover the ratio HARBS/PDE4B was particularly favourable for 9e (147), suggesting that the best arranged groups around the pyrrolopyridazinone core are an isopropyl at position-1, an ethoxycarbonyl at position-2, together with an ethyl group at position-6. For compounds 8 and 15a the ability to inhibit TNFalpha production in PBMC was evaluated and the results are consistent with their PDE4 inhibitory activity.
A platform for constucting infectivity-enhanced fiber-mosaic adenoviruses genetically modified to express two fiber types (2004)

Summary Adenoviruses type 5 have been successfully exploited as gene transfer vectors and numerous vectorologicalimprovements have contributed to increasing efficiency and specificity of adenoviral gene therapy. Despite theseimprovements, inefficient gene transfer still is an important limitation and is, at least in part, due to the lowexpression of the primary receptor (CAR) on target cells. Combining two different fiber types (the fiber of Ad5 forCAR-dependent uptake and the fiber of Ad3 for CAR-independent uptake) on an Ad5-based capsid would increasethe options for improvement of specificity and efficiency. In this study, we present an approach to engineer fiber-mosaic adenoviruses by cloning the fiber of Ad3 into the Ad5 genome under the control of the Major Late Promoterusing native splicing signals. Such fiber-mosaic viruses were efficiently rescued using conventional 293 cells anddemonstrated good infection profiles. Pre-incubation with recombinant fiber knob (either derived from Ad5 orAd3) indicated different mechanisms of entry for the fiber-mosaic viruses. The introduction of an additional entrypathway can be further exploited to overcome low infection efficiency due to low CAR expression. In addition, thetechnology will be of value in increasing the specificity of adenoviral gene therapy since this approach allows theincorporation of two different retargeting ligands per capsid. Such infectivity enhancement will also prove powerfulin the context of replicative agents.
<title>Efficient image data distribution and management with application to web caching architectures</title> (2003)

We present compact image data structures and associated packet delivery techniques for effective Web caching architectures. Presently, images on a web page are inefficiently stored, using a single image per file. Our approach is to use clustering to merge similar images into a single file in order to exploit the redundancy between images. Our studies indicate that a 30-50% image data size reduction can be achieved by eliminating the redundancies of color indexes. Attached to this file is new metadata to permit an easy extraction of images. This approach will permit a more efficient use of the cache, since a shorter list of cache references will be required. Packet and transmission delays can be reduced by 50% eliminating redundant TCP/IP headers and connection time. Thus, this innovative paradigm for the elimination of redundancy may provide valuable benefits for optimizing packet delivery in IP networks by reducing latency and minimizing the bandwidth requirements.
Regression Tree Fields &#x2014; An efficient, non-parametric approach to image labeling problems (2012)

We introduce Regression Tree Fields (RTFs), a fully conditional random field model for image labeling problems. RTFs gain their expressive power from the use of non-parametric regression trees that specify a tractable Gaussian random field, thereby ensuring globally consistent predictions. Our approach improves on the recently introduced decision tree field (DTF) model [14] in three key ways: (i) RTFs have tractable test-time inference, making efficient optimal predictions feasible and orders of magnitude faster than for DTFs, (ii) RTFs can be applied to both discrete and continuous vector-valued labeling tasks, and (Hi) the entire model, including the structure of the regression trees and energy function parameters, can be efficiently and jointly learned from training data. We demonstrate the expressive power and flexibility of the RTF model on a wide variety of tasks, including inpainting, colorization, denoising, and joint detection and registration. We achieve excellent predictive performance which is on par with, or even surpassing, DTFs on all tasks where a comparison is possible.
Yeast‐mediated preparation of <i>l</i>‐PAC in an organic solvent (2002)

The yeast-mediated acyloin condensation of benzaldehyde and pyruvic acid to form l-PAC occurs in a petroleum spirit solvent system at room temperature with moderate conversion (30%) and high enantioselectivity (86%ee) after 24 h. The addition of a small amount of ethanol (0.5% mL) to the reaction mixture inhibits the formation of the side product benzyl alcohol and increases the conversion to l-PAC. Conducting the reaction using 13C labeled pyruvate indicated that the pyruvate was incorporated into the l-PAC and that the excess pyruvate was converted into ethanol. Conducting the reaction at 5 degrees C results in similar conversion but higher enantioselectivity.
A low‐complexity relay selection scheme based on switch‐and‐examine diversity combining for AF relay systems (2013)

In this study, the authours present a low‐complexity relay selection scheme for channel‐state information (CSI)‐assisted dual‐hop amplify‐and‐forward cooperative systems. The scheme is mainly based on the switch‐and‐examine diversity combining (SEC) and SEC post‐selection (SECps) techniques in which a relay out of multiple relays is selected to forward the source signal to destination. The selection process is performed such that the selected relay signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) satisfies a predetermined switching threshold instead of best relay. Such a relay that satisfies this threshold will be chosen instead of the best relay. In this study, the authorsuse an upper bound on the end‐to‐end (e2e) SNR of the selection scheme and derive the probability density function and the cumulative distribution function of this SNR assuming the Rayleigh fading channels. These statistics are then used to derive accurate approximations for both the e2e outage probability and bit error probability, where the direct link in considered. The authours assume that maximal‐ratio combining is used at the destination to combine the signals through the relay and the direct link. To obtain more about system insights, the outage performance is studied at high SNR regime, where approximate expressions for the outage probability as well as the diversity order and coding gain are derived and analysed. The Monte‐Carlo simulations are provided to illustrate the validity of the analytical results and to show the tightness of the used SNR bound. Results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed relaying schemes in reducing the required number of channel estimations and hence, reducing the system complexity compared with the opportunistic relaying. Furthermore, results show the gain achieved in the system performance; especially, at low‐to‐medium SNR values when the SECps selection scheme is used compared with the conventional SEC relaying. Finally, findings show that the system with the SEC and the SECps relaying schemes has the same diversity order of two and the same coding gain.
Reevaluation of Pholiota squarrosa lectin-reactive haptoglobin as a pancreatic cancer biomarker using an improved ELISA system (2017)

An increase in Lewis- and core-type fucosylation of haptoglobin has been reported in patients with pancreatic cancer (PC), suggesting that fucosylated haptoglobin is a candidate PC biomarker. Previously, we developed a Pholiota squarrosa lectin antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (PhoSL-ELISA) system for the detection of core-fucosylated haptoglobin. However, with this methodology, positive results were only obtained for some patients with PC, demonstrating the need for a more sensitive detection system. In the current study, we developed an improved PhoSL-ELISA system with higher sensitivity to detect core-fucosylated haptoglobin using high-concentration urea as a denaturing agent with lectin to facilitate detection. We then reevaluated the performance of PhoSL reactive-core-fucosylated haptoglobin (PhoSL-HP) as a PC biomarker using the improved PhoSL-ELISA system. PhoSL-HP levels in the sera of patients with PC were significantly higher than those in healthy volunteers, with an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.753. Furthermore, the AUC value of CA19-9 improved from 0.793 to 0.907 when combined with PhoSL-HP. Additionally, several CA19-9-negative cases among the patients with PC were diagnosed as positive for PhoSL-HP. In conclusion, PhoSL-HP detection using our improved ELISA system might allow PhoSL-HP to serve as a potential biomarker for PC and thus might be useful to complement the detection of CA19-9 in PC diagnosis.
Synthetic Nano-Low Density Lipoprotein as Targeted Drug Delivery Vehicle for Glioblastoma Multiforme - eScholarship (2006)

This paper discribes a synthetic low density lipoprotein (LDL) made by complexing a 29 amino acid that consists of a lipid binding domain and the LDL receptor binding domain with a lipid microemulsion. The nano-LDL particles were intermdiate in size between LDL and HDL and bound to LDL receptors on GBM brain tumor cells. Synthetic nano-LDL uptake by GBM cells was LDL receptor specific and dependent on cell receptor number. It is suggested that these synthetic particles can serve as a delivery vehicle for hydophobic anti-tumor drugs by targeting the LDL receptor.
The Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 UL20 Protein and the Amino Terminus of Glycoprotein K (gK) Physically Interact with gB (2010)

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) glycoprotein K (gK) and the UL20 protein (UL20p) are strictly required for virus-induced cell fusion, and mutations within either the gK or UL20 gene cause extensive cell fusion (syncytium formation). We have shown that gK forms a functional protein complex with UL20p, which is required for all gK and UL20p-associated functions in the HSV-1 life cycle. Recently, we showed that the amino-terminal 82 amino acids (aa) of gK (gKa) were required for the expression of the syncytial phenotype of the mutant virus gBDelta28 lacking the carboxyl-terminal 28 amino acids of gB (V. N. Chouljenko, A. V. Iyer, S. Chowdhury, D. V. Chouljenko, and K. G. Kousoulas, J. Virol. 83:12301-12313, 2009). This work suggested that the amino terminus of gK may directly or indirectly interact with gB and/or other viral glycoproteins. Two-way coimmunoprecipitation experiments revealed that UL20p interacted with gB in infected cells. Furthermore, the gKa peptide was coimmunoprecipitated with gB but not gD. Three recombinant baculoviruses were constructed, expressing the amino-terminal 82 aa of gKa together with either the extracellular portion of gB (30 to 748 aa), gD (1 to 340 aa), or gH (1 to 792 aa), respectively. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments revealed that gKa physically interacted with the extracellular portions of gB and gH but not gD. Three additional recombinant baculoviruses expressing gKa and truncated gBs encompassing aa 30 to 154, 30 to 364, and 30 to 500 were constructed. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments showed that gKa physically interacted with all three truncated gBs. Computer-assisted prediction of possible gKa binding sites on gB suggested that gKa may interact predominantly with gB domain I (E. E. Heldwein, H. Lou, F. C. Bender, G. H. Cohen, R. J. Eisenberg, and S. C. Harrison, Science 313:217-220, 2006). These results imply that the gK/UL20p protein complex modulates the fusogenic properties of gB and gH via direct physical interactions.
Poly(thiophosphazenes): new inorganic backbone polymers (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPoly(thiophosphazenes): new inorganic backbone polymersHarry R. Allcock, Jeffrey A. Dodge, and Ian MannersCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 1, 11–16Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00053a002RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views229Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (745 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts