gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Run-Time Partial Reconfiguration for Removal, Placement and Routing on the Virtex-II Pro (2007)

Reconfigurable computing entails the utilization of a general-purpose processor augmented with a reconfigurable hardware structure (usually an FPGA). Normally, a complete reconfiguration is needed to change the functionality of the FPGA even when the change is minor. Moreover, the complete chip needs to be halted to perform the reconfiguration. Dynamic partial reconfiguration (DPR) provides the possibility to change certain parts of the hardware while other parts of the FPGA remain in use. In this paper, we propose a solution using dynamic partial reconfiguration which provides a methodology to generate bitstreams for removal of `old' hardware modules, and placement and routing of new hardware modules within an FPGA. Hardware modules may reside at any location and our solution can connect the additional functionality to the remaining running parts of the chip. In addition, bus macros are no longer necessary and we use the Xilinx tools only for generating the modules. We implemented our solution on a Xilinx Virtex-II Pro series FPGA, specifically the XC2VP30 on the XUP board, and demonstrated that the solution is fully functional.
Kerr frequency comb generation in overmoded resonators (2012)

We show that scattering-based interaction among nearly degenerate optical modes is the key factor in low threshold generation of Kerr frequency combs in nonlinear optical resonators with small group velocity dispersion (GVD). Mode interaction is capable of producing drastic changes in the local GVD, resulting in either a significant reduction, or an increase, in the oscillation threshold. Furthermore, we show that mode interaction is also responsible for majority of observed optical frequency combs in resonators characterized with large normal GVD. We present results of our numerical simulations together with supporting experimental data.
Diamond Coating of Titanium Alloys (1994)

A titanium alloy was coated with a thin layer of synthetic diamond by chemical vapor deposition methods, achieving exceptional adhesion. Scientific and technological opportunities exist for the development of diamond-coated metal alloys and for a better understanding of adhesion mechanisms of hard, brittle coatings. An indentation method of wide applicability for measuring the adhesion of such coatings is discussed.
Data Gathering with Compressive Sensing in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Random Walk Based Approach (2014)

In this paper, we study the problem of data gathering with compressive sensing (CS) in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Unlike the conventional approaches, which require uniform sampling in the traditional CS theory, we propose a random walk algorithm for data gathering in WSNs. However, such an approach will conform to path constraints in networks and result in the non-uniform selection of measurements. It is still unknown whether such a non-uniform method can be used for CS to recover sparse signals in WSNs. In this paper, from the perspectives of CS theory and graph theory, we provide mathematical foundations to allow random measurements to be collected in a random walk based manner. We find that the random matrix constructed from our random walk algorithm can satisfy the expansion property of expander graphs. The theoretical analysis shows that a k-sparse signal can be recovered using `1 minimization decoding algorithm when it takes m = O(k log(n=k)) independent random walks with the length of each walk t = O(n=k) in a random geometric network with n nodes. We also carry out simulations to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Simulation results show that our proposed scheme can significantly reduce communication cost compared to the conventional schemes using dense random projections and sparse random projections, indicating that our scheme can be a more practical alternative for data gathering applications in WSNs.
Refining the use of Monte Carlo techniques for risk analysis in project planning (1999)

Monte Carlo approaches to risk analysis in project appraisal are re‐examined. Limitations with conventional methods are identified, and refinements suggested that deal with increasing uncertainty about variables throughout the project life, along with correlations and cycles among variables. These are illustrated with an example. Emphasis is placed on a practical approach that minimises demands on the appraiser's prior knowledge. Modelling the objective function of an investment appraisal autoregressively enables complete distributional mapping of project outcome, given specification by the appraiser of ‘likely bounds’ for the value of key parameters in the first and last periods of the project life plus an approximate correlation matrix.
Zur Synthese von 2‐Acyl‐3‐aminofuranen durch Thorpe‐Cyclisierung (1984)

Abstract Die substituierten β‐(Acylmethoxy)acrylnitrile 2 und 11 , erhältlich durch O ‐Alkylierung von β‐Cyanketonen mit Halogenmethylketonen oder von α‐Hydroxymethylketonen mit β‐Chlor‐α‐cyanzimtsäurenitril, cyclisieren basenkatalysiert zu 2‐Acyl‐3‐aminofuranen 3 und 12 . – Phenacyl‐ und Acetonylester 5 und 8 von 2‐(Arylhydrazono)‐2‐cyanessigsäuren und der 2‐(Anilinomethylen)‐2‐cyanessigsäure cyclisieren in Gegenwart von Triethylamin zu substituierten 5‐Acyl‐4‐amino‐2‐furanonen 6, 9 .
Long‐lasting inhibition of in vivo cocaine binding to dopamine transporters by 3β‐(4‐Iodophenyl)Tropane‐2‐Carboxylic acid Methyl Ester: RTI‐55 or βCIT (1995)

Cocaine analogs such as 3 beta-(4-iodophenyl)tropane-2 beta-carboxylic acid methyl ester (RTI-55 or beta CIT) with a higher affinity for the dopamine transporter (DAT) may be potentially useful in interfering with cocaine's actions in brain. This study evaluates the time course of the effects of RTI-55 on cocaine binding in baboon brain using PET and [11C]cocaine. [11C]Cocaine binding was measured prior to, and 90 minutes, 24 hours, 4-5 days and 11-13 days after RTI-55 (0.3 mg/kg i.v.). Parallel studies with [3H]cocaine and RTI-55 (0.5 mg/kg i.v. or 2 mg/kg i.p.) were performed in the mouse. RTI-55 significantly inhibited [11C]cocaine binding at 90 minutes and 24 hours after administration. The half-life for the clearance of RTI-55 from the DAT was estimated to be 2 to 3 days in the baboon brain. In the mouse brain, RTI-55 significantly inhibited [3H]cocaine binding at 60 and 180 minutes after administration and recovery was observed at 12 hours. These results document long-lasting inhibition of cocaine binding by RTI-55 and corroborate that binding kinetics of RTI-55 in striatum observed in imaging studies with [123I]RTI-55 represents binding to DATs.
Single-Event Upset (SEU) Results of Embedded Error Detect and Correct Enabled Block Random Access Memory (Block RAM) Within the Xilinx XQR5VFX130 (2010)

Recent heavy ion measurements of the single-event upset (SEU) cross section for 65 nm embedded block random access memory (Block RAM) are presented. Results of initial investigation into the on-chip Error Detection and Correction (EDAC) are also discussed.
Experimental Study of Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 Handover Performance (2008)

In this paper the optimized handover mechanisms including the dual-interfaces hard handover and network-layer soft-handover are proposed to improve the handover performance when adopting the hierarchical mobile IPv6 (HMIPv6) protocol. A HMIPv6 test-bed based on Linux is set up and a series of experimental studies on network-layer handover are performed. From the test results we can see that the soft-handoff algorithm can provide the seamless and smooth user experience in the network overlapped regions, because the packet loss rate, delay and jitter are obviously improved due to the redundant packets transmission over multiple wireless links simultaneously.
Contact Lenses for Color Vision Deficiency (2020)

Abstract Color blindness or color vision deficiency (CVD) affects around 4.5% of the population in Europe. There have been several attempts to assist color‐blind individuals using color filter glasses. Here, contact lenses are developed to assist individuals suffering from color blindness. Two dyes (Atto 488 and 565) that provide the desired absorption wavelength ranges are selected to be immobilized in soft contact lenses. The chosen dyes have absorption bands in wavelength ranges of 480–500 and 550–580 nm. Both dyes are individually immobilized in contact lenses, and over 95% of the light in the undesired ranges are blocked. The dyes do not diffuse out from lenses in artificial tears and contact lens storage solution. Performances of the developed contact lenses are compared to commercial color‐blind glasses. The contact lenses are tested in color vision deficient patients using Ishihara test. Participants indicate enhancement in the visibility of the colors and their contrast in a color rich environment. The proposed contact lenses show enhanced results as compared to commercial color‐blind glasses in indoors and achieved similar outcomes outdoors.
Switching Impulse Strength of Compacted Transmission Line Flat and Delta Configurations (1983)

Five transmission line phase configurations suitable for phase compaction were simulated and tested in a large portal testing tower to establish phase-to-phase and phase-to-tower switching surge insulation requirements for 765 kV systems. Using these results and other data available from the literature, clearances for 345, 500, and 1100 kV systems also were developed.
Combing Context and Commonsense Knowledge Through Neural Networks for Solving Winograd Schema Problems (2016)

This paper proposes a general framework to combine context and commonsense knowledge for solving the Winograd Schema (WS) and Pronoun Disambiguation Problems (PDP). In the proposed framework, commonsense knowledge bases (e.g. cause-effect word pairs) are quantized as knowledge constraints. The constraints guide us to learn knowledge enhanced embeddings (KEE) from large text corpus. Based on the pre-trained KEE models, this paper proposes two methods to solve the WS and PDP problems. The first method is an unsupervised method, which represents all the pronouns and candidate mentions in continuous vector spaces based on their contexts and calculates the semantic similarities between all the possible word pairs. The pronoun disambiguation procedure could then be implemented by comparing the semantic similarities between the pronoun (to be resolved) and all the candidate mentions. The second method is a supervised method, which extracts features for all the pronouns and candidate mentions and solves the WS problems by training a typical mention pair classification model. Similar to the first method, the features used in the second method are also extracted based on the KEE models. Experiments conducted on the available PDP and WS test sets show that, these two methods both achieve consistent improvements over the baseline systems. The best performance reaches 62% in accuracy on the PDP test set of the first Winograd Schema Challenge.
EGFR Inhibition in Glioma Cells Modulates Rho Signaling to Inhibit Cell Motility and Invasion and Cooperates with Temozolomide to Reduce Cell Growth (2012)

Enforced EGFR activation upon gene amplification and/or mutation is a common hallmark of malignant glioma. Small molecule EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as erlotinib (Tarceva), have shown some activity in a subset of glioma patients in recent trials, although the reported data on the cellular basis of glioma cell responsiveness to these compounds have been contradictory. Here we have used a panel of human glioma cell lines, including cells with amplified or mutant EGFR, to further characterize the cellular effects of EGFR inhibition with erlotinib. Dose-response and cellular growth assays indicate that erlotinib reduces cell proliferation in all tested cell lines without inducing cytotoxic effects. Flow cytometric analyses confirm that EGFR inhibition does not induce apoptosis in glioma cells, leading to cell cycle arrest in G 1 . Interestingly, erlotinib also prevents spontaneous multicellular tumour spheroid growth in U87MG cells and cooperates with sub-optimal doses of temozolomide (TMZ) to reduce multicellular tumour spheroid growth. This cooperation appears to be schedule-dependent, since pre-treatment with erlotinib protects against TMZ-induced cytotoxicity whereas concomitant treatment results in a cooperative effect. Cell cycle arrest in erlotinib-treated cells is associated with an inhibition of ERK and Akt signaling, resulting in cyclin D1 downregulation, an increase in p27 kip1 levels and pRB hypophosphorylation. Interestingly, EGFR inhibition also perturbs Rho GTPase signaling and cellular morphology, leading to Rho/ROCK-dependent formation of actin stress fibres and the inhibition of glioma cell motility and invasion.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of p‐Nitroperbenzoic Acid with N‐Methyl‐3,4‐ dihydroisoquinolinium Tetrafluoroborate: Formation of an Oxaziridinium Salt. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Manageability and Operability in the Business Services Fabric (2009)

The focus of manageability and operability concerns for long has been the Information Technology (IT) infrastructure and capabilities. Over the years many proposals have been made for improving IT Services Management. In the new cloud environment, the userspsila ability to manage service performance is limited at best; the situation would get worse when enterprises require a seamless integration of public and private clouds with their and their partnerspsila IT infrastructures. This paper proposes to focus attention on the manageability and operability of business services because in the end their performance affects business outcomes.
Carbon nanotubes and gas adsorption (1999)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation I. Stepanek, L. C. de Menorval, R. Edwards, P. Bernier; Carbon nanotubes and gas adsorption. AIP Conf. Proc. 30 September 1999; 486 (1): 456–461. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.59867 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Half-Sandwich Ruthenium Carbene Complexes Link<i>trans</i>-Hydrogenation and<i>gem</i>-Hydrogenation of Internal Alkynes (2018)

The hydrogenation of internal alkynes with [Cp*Ru]-based catalysts is distinguished by an unorthodox stereochemical course in that E-alkenes are formed by trans-delivery of the two H atoms of H<sub>2</sub>. A combined experimental and computational study now provides a comprehensive mechanistic picture: a metallacyclopropene (η<sup>2</sup>-vinyl complex) is primarily formed, which either evolves into the E-alkene via a concerted process or reacts to give a half-sandwich ruthenium carbene; in this case, one of the C atoms of the starting alkyne is converted into a methylene group. This transformation represents a formal gem-hydrogenation of a π-bond, which has hardly any precedent. The barriers for trans-hydrogenation and gem-hydrogenation are similar: whereas DFT predicts a preference for trans-hydrogenation, CCSD(T) finds gem-hydrogenation slightly more facile. The carbene, once formed, will bind a second H<sub>2</sub> molecule and evolve to the desired E-alkene, a positional alkene isomer or the corresponding alkane; this associative pathway explains why double bond isomerization and over-reduction compete with trans-hydrogenation. The computed scenario concurs with para-hydrogen-induced polarization transfer (PHIP) NMR data, which confirm direct trans-delivery of H<sub>2</sub>, the formation of carbene intermediates by gem-hydrogenation, and their evolution into product and side products alike. Propargylic -OR (R = H, Me) groups exert a strong directing and stabilizing effect, such that several carbene intermediates could be isolated and characterized by X-ray diffraction. The gathered information spurred significant preparative advances: specifically, highly selective trans-hydrogenations of propargylic alcohols are reported, which are compatible with many other reducible functional groups. Moreover, the ability to generate metal carbenes by gem-hydrogenation paved the way for noncanonical hydrogenative cyclopropanations, ring expansions, and cycloadditions.
Effect of Aluminum on the Corrosion Characteristics of Mg-4Ni-xAl Alloys (2003)

Corrosion properties of Mg-4Ni-xAl alloys were investigated using electrochemical techniques, pH measurement, hydrogen evolution test in acid-chloride solution (pH 5.4, 200 ppm Cl−), and surface analysis. The Mg-4Ni-xAl alloys were prepared by a new alloying method called rotation-cylinder method (RCM). Mg dissolution was closely related to the pH value of the test solution. At pH &gt; 11, the surface of Mg alloys was covered by magnesium hydroxide (Mg[OH]2) film, which influenced the corrosion potential and corrosion rate of Mg alloys. In this case, the corrosion potential was shifted toward the anodic side and corrosion rate decreased. At pH &lt; 11, however, corrosion rate continuously increased as a function of time. With increasing Al content in the Mg-4Ni-xAl alloys from 0 to 2 wt%, (1) the corrosion potential had more active potential, but the corrosion rate decreased, and (2) the segregation of the α-Mg/Mg2Ni eutectic phases at the grain boundary was reduced. Generally, Mg2Ni had more noble potential than the α-Mg. As a result of the addition of Al, microgalvanic reactions (1) between the Mg matrix and the α-Mg/Mg2Ni eutectic phase and (2) between the α-Mg and the Mg2Ni in eutectic phase decreased, which reduced the corrosion rate of Mg alloys.
Thermodynamics of Microstructures (2008)

Thermodynamics of Microstructures provides a mathematical treatment of the microstructure of materials and the processes and mechanisms involved in its formation. The first few chapters cover the basics of thermodynamics and its application to pure substances, solutions, mixtures, and compounds. Subsequent chapters apply the principles of thermodynamics to phase diagrams and multicomponent systems, interfaces and grain boundaries, diffusion processes, ordering, nucleation, and microstructure changes. The information in the book is presented in a Q&A style and each chapter includes exercises complemented with notes, hints, and answers. The book is intended for students and practitioners in computational materials design and includes many detailed derivations, equations, and models. For information on the print version, ISBN 978-0-87170-716-1, follow this link.
Generation of pretilt angles of liquid crystals on cinnamate-based photoalignment layer by a simple directional peel-off process (2009)

As an alternative to the rubbing method, the photoalignment method has been extensively developed for liquid crystal displays owing to its various advantages including the absence of any contamination problems, feasibility of multi-domain structure formation, and low temperature processing capability. However, cinnamate-based photo-reactive materials that are widely used in photoalignment suffer from several limitations including low pretilt angle and limited control of tilted-up direction of the liquid crystals compared to that of the rubbing process. In this work, we demonstrate a simple and convenient method to generate the pretilt angle, compared to that achieved via the rubbing method, by means of a simple directional peel-off process using a photo-reactive cinnamate oligomer having flexible molecular chain.
Image segmentation using evolutionary computation (1999)

Image segmentation denotes a process by which a raw input image is partitioned into nonoverlapping regions such that each region is homogeneous and the union of any two adjacent regions is heterogeneous. A segmented image is considered to be the highest domain-independent abstraction of an input image. The image segmentation problem is treated as one of combinatorial optimization. A cost function which incorporates both edge information and region gray-scale uniformity is defined. The cost function is shown to be multivariate with several local minima. The genetic algorithm, a stochastic optimization technique based on evolutionary computation, is explored in the context of image segmentation. A class of hybrid evolutionary optimization algorithms based on a combination of the genetic algorithm and stochastic annealing algorithms such as simulated annealing, microcanonical annealing, and the random cost algorithm is shown to exhibit superior performance as compared with the canonical genetic algorithm. Experimental results on gray-scale images are presented.
Current Features of Infective Endocarditis in Elderly Patients (2008)

In this large prospective study, increasing age emerges as a major determinant of the clinical characteristics of IE. Lower rates of surgical treatment and high mortality are the most prominent features of elderly patients with IE. Efforts should be made to prevent health care-associated acquisition and improve outcomes in this major subgroup of patients with IE.
<i>Agrobacterium</i>‐mediated transformation of cereals: a promising approach crossing barriers (2006)

Cereal crops have been the primary targets for improvement by genetic transformation because of their worldwide importance for human consumption. For a long time, many of these important cereals were difficult to genetically engineer, mainly as a result of their inherent limitations associated with the resistance to Agrobacterium infection and their recalcitrance to in vitro regeneration. The delivery of foreign genes to rice plants via Agrobacterium tumefaciens has now become a routine technique. However, there are still serious handicaps with Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of other major cereals. In this paper, we review the pioneering efforts, existing problems and future prospects of Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of major cereal crops, such as rice, maize, wheat, barley, sorghum and sugarcane.
Swelling of a Polymer Membrane for Use in a Glucose Biosensor (1992)

A membrane for a fiber optic biosensor based on polymer swelling and optical displacement has been investigated. A copolymer of polyacrylamide and 2-(dimethylamino) ethylmethacrylate (DMAEM), lightly crosslinked with N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) served as the membrane for immobilizing glucose oxidase. The swelling was found to be a function of the glucose concentration in the physiological range. The final degree of swelling varies inversely with the extent of crosslinking and directly with the amine content.