gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel topological alternatives to the design of a harmonic-free, utility/DC interface (1983)

Circuit designs previously proposed for utility/DC power conditioning interfaces that draw a harmonic-free, unity power factor ac current have, for the most part, followed a certain topological approach. This paper discusses several alternative approaches that can greatly improve the interface's simplicity, performance, and cost. One suggestion involves the use of a dc current source instead of a voltage source. Another concerns the use of a tuned passive filter to remove the ripple from the dc system's waveforms. Results from an experimental 6 kW rectifier are included to demonstrate the feasibility and usefulness of the approaches suggested.
Parallel communication (1993)

Advances in communication rates exceed the ability of a single source to fully utilize a gigabit WAN channel with existing deterministic protocols. A method called parallel communication, which reduces latency by managing indeterminism and increasing channel utilization, given a surplus bandwidth-delay product, is presented. It involves a nondeterministic state mechanism with a modified protocol interface.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Immune Activation Driven by CTLA-4 Blockade Augments Viral Replication at Mucosal Sites in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection (2008)

The importance of chronic immune activation in progression to AIDS has been inferred by correlative studies in HIV-infected individuals and in nonhuman primate models of SIV infection. Using the SIV(mac251) macaque model, we directly address the impact of immune activation by inhibiting CTLA-4, an immunoregulatory molecule expressed on activated T cells and a subset of regulatory T cells. We found that CTLA-4 blockade significantly increased T cell activation and viral replication in primary SIV(mac251) infection, particularly at mucosal sites, and increased IDO expression and activity. Accordingly, protracted treatment with anti-CTLA-4 Ab of macaques chronically infected with SIV(mac251) decreased responsiveness to antiretroviral therapy and abrogated the ability of therapeutic T cell vaccines to decrease viral set point. These data provide the first direct evidence that immune activation drives viral replication, and suggest caution in the use of therapeutic approaches for HIV infection in vivo that increase CD4(+) T cell proliferation.
The Relationship between Satellite Deoxyribonucleic Acid, Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid Gene Redundancy, and Genome Size in Plants (1975)

The buoyant density of ribosomal DNA is similar in species with or without satellite DNA, and in all species examined was distinguishable from that of the satellite DNA. In melon tissues (Cucumus melo) the percentage satellite DNA is not correlated with the percentage hybridization to ribosomal RNA. Satellite DNA sequences do not appear to be dispersed between those coding for ribosomal RNA. There is no correlation between the presence of satellite DNA and high ribosomal RNA gene redundancy, but there is a correlation between satellite DNA and small genome size, which results in a correlation between satellite DNA and a high percentage hybridization to ribosomal RNA. Satellite DNAs are defined as minor components after CsCI centrifugation.
An analysis of mobile location based services & advertising (2012)

Mobile Location Based Services (LBS) are one of the most recent mobile advances for businesses and advertisers. LBS are services that allow mobile users to find geographically based informlation by using Global Positioning System capabilities (GPS) within their device. The problems with LBS are that many mobile users do not understand how they work, the privacy implications, or that businesses are taking advantage of consumer location information. LBS are growing at a rapid rate, almost parallel to the growth of smartphones, and are causing privacy concerns because legislation has been unable to keep up with the pace of technology adoption. This paper is an analysis of LBS including how LBS work, their benefits, and how Congress is attempting to protect user's information through new regulations. The findings in this paper include where and when LBS began and popular user applications such as Foursquare, Yelp, and Facebook. It also discusses the best mobile platforms for advertisers: xAd, Apple iAd, and LeadBolt. LBS provide useful benefits to users and businesses as long as companies do not abuse privacy privileges. Companies using LBS hope to be able to practice self-regulation, but Congress is involved and working to pass various regulatory laws. The paper concludes with a discussion of how user concerns are being mitigated and where the future of LBS is headed. This is just the beginning of the discussions of LBS as they continue to playa larger role in mobile marketing technology.
Thickness and microstructure effects in the optical and electrical properties of silver thin films (2015)

The optical and electrical response of metal thin films approaching thicknesses in the range of the electron mean free path is highly affected by electronic scattering with the interfaces and defects. Here, we present a theoretical and experimental study on how thickness and microstructure affect the properties of Ag thin films. We are able to successfully model the electrical resistivity and IR optical response using a thickness dependent electronic scattering time. Remarkably, the product of electronic scattering time and resistivity remains constant regardless of the thickness (τx ρ = C), with a value of 59 ± 2 μΩ cm ⋅ fs for Ag films in the investigated range from 3 to 74 nm. Our findings enable us to develop a theoretically framework that allows calculating the optical response of metal thin films in the IR by using their measured thickness and resistivity. An excellent agreement is found between experimental measurements and predicted values. This study also shows the theoretical lower limit for emissivity in Ag thin films according to their microstructure and thickness. Application of the model presented here will allow rapid characterization of the IR optical response of metal thin films, with important application in a broad spectrum of fundamental and industrial applications, including optical coatings, low-emissivity windows and semiconductor industry.
The broad homeostatic role of natriuretic peptides (2006)

A brief non-inclusive review on natriuretic peptides (NP), their receptors, and their main functional properties is presented. The three main NP, atrial (ANP), brain (BNP) and C-type (CNP) are considered. Guanylyl cyclase receptors modulate all the known systemic effects of NP. Clearance receptors determine the metabolic disposal of NP and in this manner regulate their plasma levels and/or local tissue concentrations. Structure-function properties, and homeostatic properties of NP receptors are presented. ANP, which plays a major role in pressure-volume homeostasis, is discussed in relationship to its effects on renal hemodynamic and excretory functions, inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, vasorelaxant, and third-spacing action. For BNP special attention is directed to its role as a negative modulator of ventricular remodeling, in view of its anti-hypertrophic, anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects in the heart. The major effect of CNP in promoting vertebral and longitudinal bone growth is briefly addressed. Finally, emphasis is placed on the recent discovery that ANP affects fat metabolism in humans due to its powerful lipolytic action.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Taxol with DAST. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Dynamic Imaging Using a Deep Generative SToRM (Gen-SToRM) Model (2021)

We introduce a generative smoothness regularization on manifolds (SToRM) model for the recovery of dynamic image data from highly undersampled measurements. The model assumes that the images in the dataset are non-linear mappings of low-dimensional latent vectors. We use the deep convolutional neural network (CNN) to represent the non-linear transformation. The parameters of the generator as well as the low-dimensional latent vectors are jointly estimated only from the undersampled measurements. This approach is different from traditional CNN approaches that require extensive fully sampled training data. We penalize the norm of the gradients of the non-linear mapping to constrain the manifold to be smooth, while temporal gradients of the latent vectors are penalized to obtain a smoothly varying time-series. The proposed scheme brings in the spatial regularization provided by the convolutional network. The main benefit of the proposed scheme is the improvement in image quality and the orders-of-magnitude reduction in memory demand compared to traditional manifold models. To minimize the computational complexity of the algorithm, we introduce an efficient progressive training-in-time approach and an approximate cost function. These approaches speed up the image reconstructions and offers better reconstruction performance.
Selectivity of the Parkinsonian Neurotoxin MPTP: Toxic Metabolite MPP <sup>+</sup> Binds to Neuromelanin (1986)

Methylphenyltetrahydropyridine (MPTP) selectively destroys neuronal cell bodies in the melanin-containing substantia nigra of humans and other primates. We show that methylphenylpyridine (MPP+), an active metabolite of MPTP which is accumulated intraneuronally by the catecholamine uptake system, binds with high affinity to melanin and neuromelanin. MPP+ bound intracellularly to neuromelanin may be released gradually, resulting in subsequent damage to the neurons of the substantia nigra.
Hunger Compel Children to Turn Out to be Street Children (2012)

This study explains that how the food crunch is creating an environment that is pushing the children to take to streets for their livelihood and supporting their families. Due to dearth of financial resources the families were unable to provide basic needs to their children. An average Pakistani family consists of five to six (5–6) persons. With so many mouths to feed the basic human needs are not met and this causes undue rift, anger and frustration amongst the family members. Food shortage was a common thing, most of the times there was no food to eat. Living conditions were substandard and sleeping space negligible at home. These factors forced them to leave home. Pirwadhai, Rawalpindi bus station is one of the places that provide ample work opportunity for these children, not only struggle for their own survival but also assist their families in terms of financial support.
Growth and Characterization of N-Polar GaN Films on Si(111) by Plasma Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy (2012)

Smooth N-polar GaN films were epitaxially grown by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PAMBE) on on-axis p-Si(111). The structural quality of the as-grown GaN films was further improved by insertion of AlGaN/GaN superlattice structures, resulting in reduced threading dislocation density and also efficient stress management in the GaN film to mitigate crack formation. The structural quality of these films was comparable to N-polar GaN grown on C-SiC by MBE. Convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) imaging and KOH etch studies were performed to confirm the N-polarity of the sample. Room temperature photoluminescence measurements revealed strong GaN band-edge emission.
A combinatorial approach toward smart libraries of discontinuous epitopes of HIV gp120 on a TAC synthetic scaffold (2012)

We describe rapid and convenient access to smart libraries of protein surface discontinuous epitope mimics. Up to three different cyclic peptides, representing discontinuous epitopes in HIV-gp120, were conjugated to a triazacyclophane scaffold molecule via CuAAC. In this way protein mimics for use as synthetic vaccines and beyond will become available.
A Survey on Spark Ecosystem: Big Data Processing Infrastructure, Machine Learning, and Applications (2020)

With the explosive increase of big data in industry and academic fields, it is important to apply large-scale data processing systems to analyze Big Data. Arguably, Spark is the state-of-the-art in large-scale data computing systems nowadays, due to its good properties including generality, fault tolerance, high performance of in-memory data processing, and scalability. Spark adopts a flexible Resident Distributed Dataset (RDD) programming model with a set of provided transformation and action operators whose operating functions can be customized by users according to their applications. It is originally positioned as a <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">fast</i> and <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">general</i> data processing system. A large body of research efforts have been made to make it more efficient (faster) and general by considering various circumstances since its introduction. In this survey, we aim to have a thorough review of various kinds of optimization techniques on the generality and performance improvement of Spark. We introduce Spark programming model and computing system, discuss the pros and cons of Spark, and have an investigation and classification of various solving techniques in the literature. Moreover, we also introduce various data management and processing systems, machine learning algorithms and applications supported by Spark. Finally, we make a discussion on the open issues and challenges for large-scale in-memory data processing with Spark.
Neurodegeneration-associated TDP-43 Interacts with Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP)/Staufen (STAU1) and Regulates SIRT1 Expression in Neuronal Cells (2012)

Despite the identification of the 43 kDa transactive response DNA-binding protein (TDP-43) as a major pathological signatory protein in a wide range of neurodegenerative diseases, the mechanistic role of TDP-43 in neurodegenerative disorders is still poorly understood. Here, we report that TDP-43 is physically associated with fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) and Staufen (STAU1) to form a functional complex. Differential microarray analysis revealed that the expression of a collection of functionally important genes including Sirtuin (SIRT1) is regulated by this complex. RNA-immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA pull-down assays demonstrated that TDP-43/FMRP/STAU1 specifically binds to the 3'-UTR of SIRT1 mRNA, and that knockdown the expression of any one of these three proteins resulted in the reduction of SIRT1 mRNA and protein. SIRT1 is implicated in double-stranded DNA break repair and is required for cell survival. Indeed, depletion of TDP-43/FMRP/STAU1 sensitizes cells to apoptosis and DNA damages. Collectively, our results revealed a molecular mechanism for the cellular function of TDP-43 and might shed new light on the understanding of the mechanistic role of TDP-43 in neurodegenerative diseases.
Cystic Fibrosis Bronchial Epithelial Cells Are Lipointoxicated by Membrane Palmitate Accumulation (2014)

The F508del-CFTR mutation, responsible for Cystic Fibrosis (CF), leads to the retention of the protein in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The mistrafficking of this mutant form can be corrected by pharmacological chaperones, but these molecules showed limitations in clinical trials. We therefore hypothesized that important factors in CF patients may have not been considered in the in vitro assays. CF has also been associated with an altered lipid homeostasis, i. e. a decrease in polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in plasma and tissues. However, the precise fatty acyl content of membrane phospholipids from human CF bronchial epithelial cells had not been studied to date. Since the saturation level of phospholipids can modulate crucial membrane properties, with potential impacts on membrane protein folding/trafficking, we analyzed this parameter for freshly isolated bronchial epithelial cells from CF patients. Interestingly, we could show that Palmitate, a saturated fatty acid, accumulates within Phosphatidylcholine (PC) in CF freshly isolated cells, in a process that could result from hypoxia. The observed PC pattern can be recapitulated in the CFBE41o(-) cell line by incubation with 100 µM Palmitate. At this concentration, Palmitate induces an ER stress, impacts calcium homeostasis and leads to a decrease in the activity of the corrected F508del-CFTR. Overall, these data suggest that bronchial epithelial cells are lipointoxicated by hypoxia-related Palmitate accumulation in CF patients. We propose that this phenomenon could be an important bottleneck for F508del-CFTR trafficking correction by pharmacological agents in clinical trials.
Review - 40 years of laser-marking - industrial applications (2006)

One of the early applications of lasers was marking electronics components. Today laser marking has found its way into a wide range of applications, from wafer marking at the chip scale package level to beer bottles and food package identifications, and to marking of the cloth buttons. In many cases, laser marking has become a standard manufacturing process. We will review the laser marking technology over the last four decades. This would include the review on evolution of the different laser technologies and beam delivery systems used in various laser-marking systems for the past 40 years. Finally, the latest laser marking technologies will be presented and future directions be discussed.
Fixed Dosing of Monoclonal Antibodies in Oncology (2017)

The currently available knowledge of elimination of monoclonal antibodies combined with the publicly available data from clinical trials and extensive population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) modeling justifies fixed dosing. Interpatient variation in exposure is comparable after body weight and fixed dosing and most monoclonal antibodies show relatively flat dose-response relationships. For monoclonal antibodies, this results in wide therapeutic windows and no reduced clinical efficacy after fixed dosing. Therefore, we believe that fixed dosing at a well-selected dose can increase medication safety and help in reduction of costs of health care without the loss of efficacy or safety margins.
Vertically Self-Organized InAs Quantum Box Islands on GaAs(100) (1995)

Coherent InAs islands separated by GaAs spacer layers are shown to exhibit self-organized growth along the vertical (i.e., growth) direction. The driving force for such vertically self-organized growth is shown to be the interacting strain fields induced by the islands which give rise to a preferred direction for In migration. A model analysis accounting for the mechanochemical surface diffusion gives an island average size and average separation dependent characteristic spacer layer thickness ${z}_{0}$ below which a vertically self-organized growth occurs.
Simulated Site Visits (1999)

Architectural designs are translated into buildings using the documentation language. Gaps invariably exist between what is documented and what is built. Once a building is complete, its construction is largely concealed and it becomes difficult to compare the drawn details with the built details. This difficulty is compounded by the abstract nature of traditional architects' orthographic drawings.A multimedia relational database titled OSimulated Site Visits' (SSV), developed by Clare Newton and Jonathan Finkelstein at the University of Melbourne, records the process of constructing buildings. The structure and layout of SSV facilitates comparisons across media and helps to shift the focus onto the connections and gaps between a building and its representation.The development of SSV has been funded because of its potential as a teaching aid for architecture and building students. This paper will outline teaching implications of this form of multimedia intertwined with a discussion of the research potential.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Cardiac Muscle Repair via Enhanced Neovascularization (2015)

Our study thus sheds light on an undescribed role of placental growth factor in cardiac muscle regeneration.
Poly(crown ether): a potential candidate for solid-state electrolytes (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPoly(crown ether): a potential candidate for solid-state electrolytesDarmasena Peramunage, Jack E. Fernandez, and L. H. Garcia-RubioCite this: Macromolecules 1989, 22, 6, 2845–2849Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00196a053RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views158Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (610 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Combining error statistics with failure prediction in memory page offlining (2019)

Memory errors constitute a large fraction of total hardware failures on modern systems, negatively impacting their reliability, availability, and serviceability. Error correcting codes have been developed to detect and correct the errors. Error-prevention mechanisms such as soft page offlining has been implemented in modern operating systems. Common offlining policies are based on error rate statistics in a certain past period. However, future error occurrences depend on both the wear level of the faulty memory cells and the implicit runtime context which may not be reflected in the statistics in the period. This paper proposes a new offlining policy which combines error statistics with failure prediction of the memory cells in a page. Using a failure prediction component, the new approach is more effective in mining the combined effect of both the hardware wear level and the runtime context. Scoring with both the error statistics and the prediction confidence, the new policy is more comprehensive in offlining error-prone pages to avoid more errors. Empirical evaluation demonstrates that the new policy outperforms the baseline policies based on historical error statistics.
A methodology for predicting check valve slam (2007)

Check valve slam, a problem commonly associated with check valves, is often discovered during startup of the pump system, by which time it is too late to easily overcome. An extensive program of valve flow testing conducted to develop profiles of slamming characteristics for various types of check valves is described. Research results led to a methodology designed to help system designers predict and ultimately prevent check valve slam through selection of valves that are less prone to slam and associated water hammer. Different check valves offer different advantages such as reduced cost, low head loss, or special flow characteristics. Ultimately, the best check valve is the one that meets the requirements of a particular installation or application. Consulting engineers and utilities alike can use the data that are provided in this article, combined with field experience and other readily available information, to make informed choices and resolve check valve problems.