gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Network Forensics: Network Data and State Seizures in the United States (2008)

Network systems capture data about electronic activity in new, sometimes unprecedented forms. These new forms offer new, powerful tactical tools for investigations of electronic malfeasance under traditional leg al regulation of state power, particular that of Fourth Amendment limitations on police searches and seizures under the U.S. Constitution. But mis- appreciation of identity and authenticity issues with electronic data, particularly IP addresses and account numbers, raise issues of public policy, privacy and proper oversight network forensic investigations. The digital age uses digital facts, particularly alphanumerical identifiers used for addressing, hashing and authentication and identification in online transactions. These artifacts become the evidence supporting a state search or seizure Given the technical issues with evidence preservation and examination in electronic storage media, search warrants relating to computers may direct the seizure of computers and removal off-site for examination in a computer forensics facility. This can disrupt or even destroy records, objects and systems on those computers. This reliance on simple digital identification with minimal authentication further corrodes privacy and liberty rights in new ways. Technical security cannot protect privacy and security with such attitudes towards data. Security policy must extend into all domains of society. The challenge will be to establish a balance where courts set a stricter boundary for state searches and seizures based on electronic evidence of questionable reliability. As the United States v. Gourde court observed "We are acutely aware that the digital universe poses particular challenges with respect to the Fourth Amendment." That awareness still needs greater knowledge of the facts of identity and authenticity of electronic data as evidence, its mutability and evanescence, if the rights, liberties, and privacy of Americans are to be protected.
Pure and syndromic optic atrophy explained by deep intronic OPA1 mutations and an intralocus modifier (2014)

The genetic diagnosis in inherited optic neuropathies often remains challenging, and the emergence of complex neurological phenotypes that involve optic neuropathy is puzzling. Here we unravel two novel principles of genetic mechanisms in optic neuropathies: deep intronic OPA1 mutations, which explain the disease in several so far unsolved cases; and an intralocus OPA1 modifier, which explains the emergence of syndromic 'optic atrophy plus' phenotypes in several families. First, we unravelled a deep intronic mutation 364 base pairs 3' of exon 4b in OPA1 by in-depth investigation of a family with severe optic atrophy plus syndrome in which conventional OPA1 diagnostics including gene dosage analyses were normal. The mutation creates a new splice acceptor site resulting in aberrant OPA1 transcripts with retained intronic sequence and subsequent translational frameshift as shown by complementary DNA analysis. In patient fibroblasts we demonstrate nonsense mediated messenger RNA decay, reduced levels of OPA1 protein, and impairment of mitochondrial dynamics. Subsequent site-specific screening of >360 subjects with unexplained inherited optic neuropathy revealed three additional families carrying this deep intronic mutation and a base exchange four nucleotides upstream, respectively, thus confirming the clinical significance of this mutational mechanism. Second, in all severely affected patients of the index family, the deep intronic mutation occurred in compound heterozygous state with an exonic OPA1 missense variant (p.I382M; NM_015560.2). The variant alone did not cause a phenotype, even in homozygous state indicating that this long debated OPA1 variant is not pathogenic per se, but acts as a phenotypic modifier if it encounters in trans with an OPA1 mutation. Subsequent screening of whole exomes from >600 index patients identified a second family with severe optic atrophy plus syndrome due to compound heterozygous p.I382M, thus confirming this mechanism. In summary, we provide genetic and functional evidence that deep intronic mutations in OPA1 can cause optic atrophy and explain disease in a substantial share of families with unsolved inherited optic neuropathies. Moreover, we show that an OPA1 modifier variant explains the emergence of optic atrophy plus phenotypes if combined in trans with another OPA1 mutation. Both mutational mechanisms identified in this study-deep intronic mutations and intragenic modifiers-might represent more generalizable mechanisms that could be found also in a wide range of other neurodegenerative and optic neuropathy diseases.
Comparison of peel oil components of Yuzu (Citrus junos Tanaka) extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide and those of traditional ones. (1989)

ユズ果皮油の調製に超臨界二酸化炭素(SCCO2)抽出を試み,冷圧油および溶媒抽出油と比較した. SCCO2抽出条件として,抽出槽4lのパイロットプラントを使用し, 15℃, 100kg/cmcm2で抽出し, 30℃, 40 kg/cmcm2で分離した.試料としてはユズ搾汁後の残滓果皮および生鮮果皮を使用した. (1) 残滓果皮からのSCCO2抽出で,ホモジナイズしたものおよび冷凍したものの収率はそれぞれ, 0.2%, 0.3 %と低かったが,残滓果皮を細切したものは約1.3%の収率であった.生鮮果皮からの収率は約3.9%と高かった. (2) 各果皮オイルの一般物理的恒数を測定した.屈折率は1.47,比重は0.84～0.86でほぼ同じであった.比旋光度はSCCO2抽出油で67.96～82.1であり,冷圧油, 溶剤抽出油でそれぞれ91.18, 89.79であった. (3) SCCO2法ではモノおよびセスキテルペン含量が比較的高かった.また,リナロール, β-ファルネセン, ビシクロエレメン,チモールなどの中高沸点成分割合が冷圧油および溶媒抽出油に比べて高かった. 終わりに,本研究の遂行にあたり,ご協力をいただいた高知県北川村農業協同組合に謝意を表します.また, 貴重なご助言を賜った台糖株式会社の高橋弘氏,並びに,超臨界ガス抽出実験にご協力していただいた三菱化工機株式会社の安芸忠徳氏に感謝致します. 本研究費の一部は高知県北川村農業協同組合奨学寄付金,並びに,昭和62年度本学教育研究学内特別経費によった.
Electronic feedback control of the intensity noise of a single-frequency intracavity-doubled laser (2002)

We present a fully quantum model to process the intensity noise reduction of a single-frequency intracavity-doubled laser with an electronic feedback loop connected directly to the pump current of a laser diode. Adding an electronic feedback term to the quantum Langevin equations for a free-running single-frequency-doubling laser yields an analytical expression for the intensity noise spectrum of this system. Our previous experimental results with a Nd:YVO4/KTP green laser are basically in agreement with the theoretical calculation.
A novel approach for epileptic seizure detection (2002)

A new on-line adaptive methodology is introduced for detecting a suspected epileptic seizure from an electroencephalogram (EEG). This is achieved by using the angle between two progressive oblique spaces. Two seizure indices are introduced. In the absence of seizure, the EEG remains short time stationary, and hence the seizure indices remain approximately unity. If and when abnormality or epileptic seizure activity occurs, the EEG becomes non-stationary causing the seizure indices to drop in value. The dips in the seizure indices indicate the time at which the seizure activity occurs, while the magnitude of the dips indicate the strength of the abnormality. Simulation is carried out to show that the methodology can be used to detect the signal burst in a stationary or a short time stationary environment adaptively. Probability of error detection is given for both seizure indices. Results for real data collected from epileptic patients are given to substantiate the methodology. The proposed methodology provides an objective criterion for detecting suspected epileptic seizure. It can be used to analyze routine and 24 hour EEG records. Since the detection is on-line and adaptive, if and when a possible epileptic seizure activity is detected, the methodology can be applied to activate appropriate neuro-transmitters (thalamic, cerebellar, or vagal) instantly as a preventive measure. The algorithm can be implemented in VLSI form as an implantable device.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Recent Advances of MEMS Resonators for Lorentz Force Based Magnetic Field Sensors: Design, Applications and Challenges (2016)

Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) resonators have allowed the development of magnetic field sensors with potential applications such as biomedicine, automotive industry, navigation systems, space satellites, telecommunications and non-destructive testing. We present a review of recent magnetic field sensors based on MEMS resonators, which operate with Lorentz force. These sensors have a compact structure, wide measurement range, low energy consumption, high sensitivity and suitable performance. The design methodology, simulation tools, damping sources, sensing techniques and future applications of magnetic field sensors are discussed. The design process is fundamental in achieving correct selection of the operation principle, sensing technique, materials, fabrication process and readout systems of the sensors. In addition, the description of the main sensing systems and challenges of the MEMS sensors are discussed. To develop the best devices, researches of their mechanical reliability, vacuum packaging, design optimization and temperature compensation circuits are needed. Future applications will require multifunctional sensors for monitoring several physical parameters (e.g., magnetic field, acceleration, angular ratio, humidity, temperature and gases).
Immunotherapy using autologous monocyte‐derived dendritic cells pulsed with leukemic cell lysates for acute myeloid leukemia relapse after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (2004)

Although a second stem cell transplantation (SCT) can be used as salvage therapy in patients with relapsing leukemia after SCT, most of these patients have a poor outcome. We tried clinical vaccination using monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with leukemic lysates to treat relapsing acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after autologous SCT. To generate DCs, CD14+ cells isolated from peripheral blood stem cell products were cultured in AIM-V in the presence of GM-CSF and IL-4. Adding TNF-alpha on day 6 induced maturation of the DCs, which were harvested on day 8 or 9. The DCs were incubated with tumor lysate and KLH for 2 hr at 37 degrees C. After certifying the absence of microorganisms and endotoxins, the patients received four DC vaccinations at two- to three-week intervals. Two patients received four DC vaccinations with means of 7.8 x 10(6) and 9 x 10(6) DCs at two- to three-week intervals. The DC vaccinations were well tolerated with no apparent side effects. After the vaccinations, the patients showed immunological responses with positive delayed-type hypersensitivity skin reaction and increasing autologous T cells stimulatory capacity to the DCs; however, the BM blast percentage of the patients did not improve. The results suggest that DCs are a feasible cellular therapy for relapsing AML after autologous SCT.
Vascular endocan (ESM‐1) is markedly overexpressed in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (2009)

Our results showed that endocan is overexpressed in patients with RCC. Endocan could therefore appear as a marker of interest in the follow-up and may be a potential parameter to monitor the tumour response to anti-angiogenic therapeutics.
Multi-objective test case prioritization for GUI applications (2013)

Test case prioritization techniques are proposed to schedule execution of test cases in order to improve testing effectiveness. Various coverage criteria are used as surrogates for test case prioritization. They are expected to improve testing effectiveness by satisfying the surrogates as early as possible. In test case prioritization, statement coverage is widely used for conventional applications and event coverage is applied for GUI applications. GUI applications are different from conventional applications for interactions between front-end events and back-end codes. Such complex interactions lead to the single-objective strategy insufficient for testing of GUI applications in many cases. In this paper, we propose a multi-objective test case prioritization strategy to combine event coverage and statement coverage for GUI applications. The preliminary experimental results show that our multi-objective strategy can outperform the single-objective strategies.
Revocation schemes for delegated authorities (2003)

We deal with an existing framework for updating privileges and creating management structures by means of authority certificates. These are used both to create access-level permissions and to delegate authority to other agents. Here we extend the framework to support a richer set of revocation schemes. The discussion of revocation follows an existing classification in the literature based on three separate dimensions: resilience, propagation, and dominance. The first one does not apply to this framework. The second one is specified straightforwardly. The third one can be encoded but raises a number of further questions for future investigation.
An Approach for Safe and Efficient Human-Robot Collaboration (2010)

In today's working cells, human operator and robot are strictly separated in space and/or time. If integrated, human operators could do intelligent monitoring tasks or even actively participate in the process. Since the behavior of the operator in such human-robot collaboration (HRC) scenarios is not exactly known a priori, the system has to cope with considerably changing conditions. The inclusion of humans into the production process leads to high demands for employed safety measures. Collaboration (and interaction) between the plant and human operators can possibly lead to injuries, if appropriate measures are missing. Obviously, the most important requirement for the development of safety concepts is therefore the minimization of critical incident probability, in which the human operator is harmed. This paper proposes a two-level approach in which (a) the Optimizing Strategic Control (OSC) increases the availability and reliability based on learning principles for derivation of control strategies (non safety-critical) and (b) the independent Fail-Safe Control (FSC) ensures the overall safety of the system (safety-critical). Systems that adapt to changing conditions can act as an enabler for a more efficient and cost-effective production of different product types and batch sizes. An architecture for human-robot collaboration is proposed in which the environment of the robot is constantly monitored. This allows for the prediction of the operator's future behavior and to gear the robot behavior towards efficiency of production without harming the overall safety of the system.
A Novel Net Weighting Algorithm for Power and Timing-Driven Placement (2018)

Nowadays, many new low power ASICs applications have emerged. This new market trend made the designer’s task of meeting the timing and routability requirements within the power budget more challenging. One of the major sources of power consumption in modern integrated circuits (ICs) is the Interconnect. In this paper, we present a novel Power and Timing-Driven global Placement (PTDP) algorithm. Its principle is to wrap a commercial timing-driven placer with a nets weighting mechanism to calculate the nets weights based on their timing and power consumption. The new calculated weight is used to drive the placement engine to place the cells connected by the critical power or timing nets close to each other and hence reduce the parasitic capacitances of the interconnects and, by consequence, improve the timing and power consumption of the design. This approach not only improves the design power consumption but facilitates also the routability with only a minor impact on the timing closure of a few designs. The experiments carried on 40 industrial designs of different nodes, sizes, and complexities and demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is able to achieve significant improvements on Quality of Results (QoR) compared with a commercial timing driven placement flow. We effectively reduce the interconnect power by an average of 11.5% that leads to a total power improvement of 5.4%, a timing improvement of 9.4%, 13.7%, and of 3.2% in Worst Negative Slack (WNS), Total Negative Slack (TNS), and total wirelength reduction, respectively.
Traffic Danger Recognition With Surveillance Cameras Without Training Data (2018)

We propose a traffic danger recognition model that works with arbitrary traffic surveillance cameras to identify and predict car crashes. There are too many cameras to monitor manually. Therefore, we developed a model to predict and identify car crashes from surveillance cameras based on a 3D reconstruction of the road plane and prediction of trajectories. For normal traffic, it supports real-time proactive safety checks of speeds and distances between vehicles to provide insights about possible high-risk areas. We achieve good prediction and recognition of car crashes without using any labeled training data of crashes. Experiments on the BrnoCompSpeed dataset show that our model can accurately monitor the road, with mean errors of 1.80% for distance measurement, 2.77 km/h for speed measurement, 0.24 m for car position prediction, and 2.53 km/h for speed prediction.
Thermoregulatory Thresholds for Vasoconstriction in Patients Anesthetized with Various 1-Minimum Alveolar Concentration Combinations of Xenon, Nitrous Oxide, and Isoflurane  (1999)

Xenon inhibits thermoregulatory control more than isoflurane, whereas nitrous oxide is the least effective in this respect.
Efficient & Effective Prioritized Matching for Large-Scale Image-Based Localization (2016)

Accurately determining the position and orientation from which an image was taken, i.e., computing the camera pose, is a fundamental step in many Computer Vision applications. The pose can be recovered from 2D-3D matches between 2D image positions and points in a 3D model of the scene. Recent advances in Structure-from-Motion allow us to reconstruct large scenes and thus create the need for image-based localization methods that efficiently handle large-scale 3D models while still being effective, i.e., while localizing as many images as possible. This paper presents an approach for large scale image-based localization that is both efficient and effective. At the core of our approach is a novel prioritized matching step that enables us to first consider features more likely to yield 2D-to-3D matches and to terminate the correspondence search as soon as enough matches have been found. Matches initially lost due to quantization are efficiently recovered by integrating 3D-to-2D search. We show how visibility information from the reconstruction process can be used to improve the efficiency of our approach. We evaluate the performance of our method through extensive experiments and demonstrate that it offers the best combination of efficiency and effectiveness among current state-of-the-art approaches for localization.
Abnormal cholesterol biosynthesis in the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome. (1995)

We measured plasma sterol concentrations in 7 homozygotes with the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome, 5 heterozygotes and rats treated with BM 15.766, the competitive inhibitor of 7-dehydrocholesterol 7-reductase. Low cholesterol associated with markedly elevated 7-dehydrocholesterol concentrations were detected in the plasma of all homozygotes and inhibitor-treated rats. Heterozygotes were clinically normal and, like control subjects, showed only trace amounts of 7-dehydrocholesterol in plasma. We conclude that the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome is due to an inherited defect in 7 dehydrocholesterol 7-reductase which causes the accumulation of 7-dehydrocholesterol and a deficiency of cholesterol in the plasma, a biochemical abnormality that can be reproduced in rats treated with BM 15.766.
Palladium-Catalyzed Alkynylation of Aryl and Hetaryl Halides: A Journey from Conventional Palladium Complexes or Salts to Palladium/Carbon (2009)

Palladium-catalyzed alkynylation of aryl and hetaryl ­halides has found wide application in the areas of synthetic, heterocyclic, and medicinal chemistry. Attempts to introduce the stable and potentially recyclable palladium/carbon has provided an attractive alternative to the homogeneous palladium catalytic process. The present article provides a personal account of the outcome of the use of conventional palladium catalysts versus palladium/carbon, especially under Sonogashira conditions.
Statistical characteristics of pedestrian-induced fading for a narrowband 2.45 GHz indoor channel (2002)

This paper presents a statistical analysis of pedestrian-induced fading for a narrowband indoor 2.45 GHz point-to-point link. A hybrid image/ray-shooting propagation simulator, capable of including the presence of moving human bodies within the environment, was used to investigate temporal fading for this channel. The traffic conditions were moderate, with 4 pedestrians moving in a regular fashion within a 150 m/sup 2/ open-plan office. Analysis of a 13-s period of movement indicated that the channel was Rayleigh distributed during pedestrian-induced fading. As the channel is narrowband, the fading is flat across the transmission bandwidth and slow compared to the symbol duration. The resulting impairment in transmission quality for DPSK modulation on an AWGN channel was determined: an additional 27-dB margin is required to operate at a BER of 10/sup -4/ with respect to a non-fading AWGN channel. Frequency-selective effects were also investigated. The simulation was repeated for both faded (2.465 GHz) and un-faded (2.400 GHz) frequencies. Here the additional ray paths created by movement were capable of significantly improving the propagation conditions for the faded frequency.
Design Optimization and <i>In Vitro</i>-<i>In Vivo</i> Evaluation of Orally Dissolving Strips of Clobazam (2014)

Clobazam orally dissolving strips were prepared by solvent casting method. A full 3(2) factorial design was applied for optimization using different concentration of film forming polymer and disintegrating agent as independent variable and disintegration time, % cumulative drug release, and tensile strength as dependent variable. In addition the prepared films were also evaluated for surface pH, folding endurance, and content uniformity. The optimized film formulation showing the maximum in vitro drug release, satisfactory in vitro disintegration time, and tensile strength was selected for bioavailability study and compared with a reference marketed product (frisium5 tablets) in rabbits. Formulation (F6) was selected by the Design-expert software which exhibited DT (24 sec), TS (2.85 N/cm(2)), and in vitro drug release (96.6%). Statistical evaluation revealed no significant difference between the bioavailability parameters of the test film (F6) and the reference product. The mean ratio values (test/reference) of C max (95.87%), t max (71.42%), AUC0-t (98.125%), and AUC0-∞ (99.213%) indicated that the two formulae exhibited comparable plasma level-time profiles.
Platelet Accumulation in Brain Microvessels in Fatal Pediatric Cerebral Malaria (2003)

The pathogenesis of fatal cerebral malaria (CM) is not well understood, in part because data from patients in whom a clinical diagnosis was established prior to death are rare. In a murine CM model, platelets accumulate in brain microvasculature, and antiplatelet therapy can improve outcome. We determined whether platelets are also found in cerebral vessels in human CM, and we performed immunohistopathology for platelet-specific glycoprotein, GPIIb-IIIa, on tissue from multiple brain sites in Malawian children whose fatal illness was severe malarial anemia, CM, or nonmalarial encephalopathy. Platelets were observed in 3 locations within microvessels: between malaria pigment and leukocytes, associated with malaria pigment, or alone. The mean surface area of platelet staining and the proportion of vessels showing platelet accumulation were significantly higher in patients with CM than in those without it. Platelet accumulation occurs in the microvasculature of patients with CM and may play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease.