gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
cDNA Library Construction Using Streptavidin-Paramagnetic Beads and PCR (2003)

cDNA clones of genes expressed in small amounts of material can be hard to obtain because the construction of conventional cDNA libraries requires microgram amounts of poly (A)+ RNA (1). The polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which is commonly used to amplify tiny amounts of DNA (2,3), has been adapted to facilitate the construction of cDNA libraries from small quantities of poly (A)+ RNA (4–7). Most of these cDNA amplification methods require multiple purification or precipitation steps to remove primers and change buffers. These steps result in significant loss of material and compromise the quality of the final library. The method presented here eliminates precipitation and chromatography steps so that all cDNA synthesis and modification reactions are conducted in a single tube.
Use of Next Generation Weather Radar Data and Basin Disaggregation to Improve Continuous Hydrograph Simulations (2004)

Currently, the river forecasting system deployed in each of 13 River Forecast Centers of the National Weather Service primarily uses lumped parameter models to generate hydrologic simulations. With the deployment of the weather surveillance radar 1988 Doppler radars, more and more precipitation data with high spatial and temporal resolution have become available for hydrologic modeling. Hydrologists inside and outside the National Weather Service are now investigating how to effectively use these data to enhance river-forecasting capabilities. In this paper, six years of continuously simulated hydrographs from an eight-subbasin model are compared to those from a single-basin (or lumped) model, both applied to the Blue River basin (1,232 km2) in Oklahoma. The Sacramento soil moisture accounting model is used to generate runoff in all cases. Synthetic unit hydrographs for each subbasin convey the water to the outlet of the basin without explicit flow routing. Subdividing the basin into eight subbasins captures spatially variable rainfall reflected in the next generation weather radar products and produces improved results without greatly increasing the computational and data requirements. Strategies for calibrating the hydrologic model parameters for multiple subbasins are explored.
Compressed representations of sequences and full-text indexes (2007)

Given a sequence S = s 1 s 2 … s n of integers smaller than r = O (polylog( n )), we show how S can be represented using nH 0 ( S ) + o ( n ) bits, so that we can know any s q , as well as answer rank and select queries on S , in constant time. H 0 ( S ) is the zero-order empirical entropy of S and nH 0 ( S ) provides an information-theoretic lower bound to the bit storage of any sequence S via a fixed encoding of its symbols. This extends previous results on binary sequences, and improves previous results on general sequences where those queries are answered in O (log r ) time. For larger r , we can still represent S in nH 0 ( S ) + o ( n log r ) bits and answer queries in O (log r /log log n ) time. Another contribution of this article is to show how to combine our compressed representation of integer sequences with a compression boosting technique to design compressed full-text indexes that scale well with the size of the input alphabet Σ. Specifically, we design a variant of the FM-index that indexes a string T [1, n ] within nH k ( T ) + o ( n ) bits of storage, where H k ( T ) is the k th-order empirical entropy of T . This space bound holds simultaneously for all k ≤ α log |Σ| n , constant 0 < α < 1, and |Σ| = O (polylog( n )). This index counts the occurrences of an arbitrary pattern P [1, p ] as a substring of T in O ( p ) time; it locates each pattern occurrence in O (log 1+ε n ) time for any constant 0 < ε < 1; and reports a text substring of length ℓ in O (ℓ + log 1+ε n ) time. Compared to all previous works, our index is the first that removes the alphabet-size dependance from all query times, in particular, counting time is linear in the pattern length. Still, our index uses essentially the same space of the k th-order entropy of the text T , which is the best space obtained in previous work. We can also handle larger alphabets of size |Σ| = O ( n β ), for any 0 < β < 1, by paying o ( n log|Σ|) extra space and multiplying all query times by O (log |Σ|/log log n ).
Direct Imaging of Defect Structures in Pentacene Nanocrystals (2002)

High-resolution electron microscopy of nanocrystalline pentacene films, obtained by disruption of powder between glass slides, provides a method for direct visualization of structural defects. By imaging edge dislocations (see Figure) and grain boundaries, insight into the way the crystal layers accommodate distortions by lattice bending is gained.
Angiotensin II and the Heart (2000)

-The active end product of the renin-angiotensin system, angiotensin II (Ang II), through the activation of specific Ang II receptors, regulates cardiac contractility, cell coupling, and impulse propagation and is involved in cardiac remodeling, growth, and apoptosis. We review these subjects, as well as the second messengers that are involved, and the synthesis of Ang II in the heart under normal and pathological conditions. Finally, we discuss the possibility that there is an intracrine renin-angiotensin system in the heart that plays a role in the control of cell communication and inward Ca(2+) current.
Changes in blood flow and metabolism in locally advanced breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. (2003)

Although both resistant and responsive LABC tumors have an average decline in MRFDG over the course of chemotherapy, resistant tumors have an average increase in blood flow. Patients whose tumors fail to have a decline in blood flow after 2 mo of therapy have poorer disease-free and overall survival. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the tumor biology underlying these findings.
An Ellagic Acid Rhamnoside from the Roots of Potentilla discolor with Protein Glycation and Rat Lens Aldose Reductase Inhibitory Activity (2007)

Schizandra chinensis fruits (SC) have been used as a traditional Oriental medicine for treatments of many stress-induced diseases. In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of SC aqueous extract (SC-Ex) in the inflammatory diseases of intestine using a mouse model of ulcerative colitis. An experimental colitis was induced by daily treatment with 5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). SC-Ex was orally administered
from day 2 of DSS treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Administration of SC-Ex reduced significantly clinic signs of DSS-induced colitis, including body weight loss, shorten colon length, increased disease activity index, and histological colon injury. Moreover, SC-Ex suppressed significantly not only the activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and chymase, but also the expressions of TNF-a and COX-2 in DSS-treated colon tissues. Inhibitory effect of SC-Ex was effective at a dose over 20 mg/kg. Our results indicate that SC-Ex may possess therapeutic effect on the development of DSS-induced colitis.
An Efficient Task Partitioning and Scheduling Method for Symmetric Multiple GPU Architecture (2013)

This paper presents an efficient task partitioning and scheduling method for symmetric multiple GPU architecture which enables parallel execution of data sending from host to device, kernel execution and data receiving from device to host. Our method divides an individual GPU application into subtasks and overlaps the kernel execution with the bi-directional data transfer from different subtasks on symmetric multiple GPU architecture. To make full use of the bandwidth between the host and the device, we provide a time optimal data transfer algorithm for the data transfer configuration. We divide GPU applications into six basic types. Basing on the classification, we provide six scheduling and modeling sub-methods. We have applied our work to a set of benchmarks and GPUs to measure the performance. The results show that our method successfully hides the communication latency between the host and the device to achieve high performance.
A fault tolerant approach for data aggregation in wireless sensor networks (2012)

Due to existing and emerging applications in various situations, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have emerged as a premier research topic. Data aggregation is a basic operation in Wireless Sensor Network. For an application which is aggregative in nature such as environment monitoring system or health monitoring system, the tree based data aggregation is the most efficient technique, in terms of energy and data collection time. But, when one of nodes stops responding due to energy loss or hardware malfunction or external cause such as fire, flood etc, then the rest of the nodes under that node will not be able to send their data even if there is some other path. In this paper we have tried to fix this issue by using secondary parent.
Polystyrenes with structurally different oligosiloxanes as <i>p</i>‐substituents for oxygen permeable membrane materials (1987)

Abstract Polystyrenes with structurally different oligosiloxanes as p ‐substituents were synthesized and the selective oxygen permeation through the polymer film was studied. It was found that the structure of the p ‐oligosiloxane substituents had great effects not only on the glass transition temperature of the polymer but also on the oxygen permeation behavior through the polymer film. Trimethylsiloxyl groups, especially, were shown to play an essential role in enhancing the permeability.
Alkaline stability of poly(phenylene)‐based anion exchange membranes with various cations (2012)

Anion exchange membranes comprised of a poly(phenylene) backbone and one of five different cationic head‐groups are prepared, briefly characterized, and tested for stability in 4 M KOH at 90 °C. The two membranes with resonance‐stabilized cations (benzyl pentamethylguanidinium and benzyl N ‐methylimidazolium) show large (>25%) decreases in both conductivity and ion exchange capacity (IEC) after just one day of testing. The membrane with benzyl trimethylammonium cations shows a 33% loss of conductivity (14% decrease in IEC) after 14 days while the membrane with trimethylammonium cations attached by a hexamethylene spacer shows the least degradation: a 5% loss of conductivity over 14 days with no accompanying loss in IEC. A similar membrane which has a six‐carbon spacer and a ketone adjacent to the phenyl ring shows much lower stability, suggesting that the ketone takes part in degradation reactions. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2013, 51, 1736–1742, 2013
The Interest of Diazonium Chemistry for Aqueous Lithium-Ion Battery (2013)

International audience
Calcium channel blockers for primary Raynaud's phenomenon (2014)

The randomised controlled trials included in this review provide moderate-quality evidence that oral calcium channel blockers are minimally effective in the treatment of primary Raynaud's phenomenon as measured by the frequency of attacks. However, the results of this review were limited by small sample sizes in the included studies and by variable data quality, particularly with regard to outcome measures.
Impact of Circuit Degradation on FPGA Design Security (2011)

SRAM-based Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are used in a variety of security-critical embedded applications. However, soft-error issues, and vulnerability to design plagiarism are two key challenges for SRAM FPGAs in mission-critical commercial products. Encrypted bit streams with keys stored internally in the FPGA are widely used to alleviate the design security risk. In this paper, we introduce how degradation of the device over the course of normal operation can be used as a new form of identifying the stored keys. We also highlight the impact of process variation on the effectiveness of this attack. Finally, we suggest a simple bit-flipping technique to alleviate this problem.
Overview of initial clinical studies with intravenous and oral GR43175 in acute migraine. (1989)

The novel 5-HT 1-like receptor agonist GR43175 has been evaluated as a treatment for acute migraine in a series of open, dose-ranging and controlled clinical trials. Patients with severe attacks of migraine have attended special pain or headache clinics for treatment and assessment. Given intravenously as a bolus, GR43175 is capable of aborting all migraine symptoms within 10-30 min in over 90% of cases at a dose of 64 micrograms/kg. Characteristic transient and reversible side effects with such a regimen include feelings of heaviness, pressure and occasionally warmth or tingling which can be diminished by extending the duration of drug administration to a short infusion. Initial dose-ranging studies with a dispersible tablet formulation of GR43175 have revealed an efficacy of 70-85% within 2 h with doses of 70-280 mg. Furthermore, tolerability is excellent. These encouraging early results warrant larger-scale controlled studies of GR43175 in acute migraine.
Négociation salariale en Europe: des modèles différents, de plus en plus décentralisés depuis la crise (2018)

There is no single European wage bargaining model. Wage bargaining takes place between social partners at the national and regional level in the Nordic countries. This is also the case in Germany, despite the decentralisation of wage bargaining at industry and company level that began in the early 2000s. In Belgium, Spain, and even Italy, the government intervenes sometimes strongly in wage bargaining. In France and Portugal wage bargaining is less centralised but the minimum wage set by the government can have a significant impact on negotiated wages. Since the crisis, there has been a general trend towards decentralised wage bargaining, which enables companies to better adjust to the economic situation.
A Highly Integrated Chipset for 40 Gbps Wireless D-Band Communication Based on a 250 nm InP DHBT Technology (2014)

A highly integrated chipset comprising a transmitter (TX) and a receiver (RX) chip, based on a 250 nm InP DHBT technology for high data rate D-band (110-170 GHz) wireless communication is described. The chipset is designed for point-to-point wireless communication for 4G and 5G mobile communication infrastructure, high data rate backhaul, low-latency wireless HDTV transmission and >40 Gbps transmission over dielectric waveguide. The measured RX conversion gain is 26 dB, with a noise figure of 9 dB. The measured TX conversion gain is 20 dB. A maximum QPSK data rate of 44 Gbps is demonstrated, which exceeds the present state-of-the art in the D-band by a factor of 2.
Flow cytometry method for the analysis of membrane-associated human chorionic gonadotropin, its subunits, and fragments on human cancer cells (1992)

A quantitative flow cytometry method for the analysis of membrane-associated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), its subunits, and fragments on human cancer cells was developed using a double-antibody reaction; a flow cytometry with a 2-W argon laser, standard settings, and filters for fluorescein isothiocyanate use; commercially available software; and the ectopic hCG producer CCL 2 HeLa cells from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) as a cell control to standardize the reagents and for overall quality control. Twenty-two monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) and immunoglobulin G fractions from three rabbit polyclonal antisera were tested for effects of antibody concentration (titration), reproducibility at different levels of epitope expression, and variability of epitope expression to select appropriate primary antibodies. Based on the results of the various tests, three polyclonal immunoglobulin G antibodies and a panel of nine MoAb directed to epitopes located in five different regions on the hCG molecule were selected as first antibodies. Their specificity was determined by using two unrelated MoAb of the same isotype at the same concentration to replace the primary MoAb and by a competition experiment. The unrelated MoAb also were used for the selection of the appropriate control fluorescence profile needed for the software. The unique characteristics of this method were: the use of living cells, standardized reagents, internal and external quality control, and the highest sensitivity, which could detect as few as 10(3) molecules of fluorochrome per cell. Serial analyses of the ATCC CCL 2 HeLa cells and two of its variants and of the eutopic hCG producer JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cells revealed the expression of membrane-associated epitopes of intact hCG, its subunits, and fragments by a high percentage of the cells, indicating that the expression of these sialoglycoproteins by these two different types of cancer cells is a common phenotypic characteristic.
Packaging and Mounting of In-Fibre Bragg Grating Arrays for Structural Health Monitoring of Large Structures (2010)

A simple and inexpensive method has been developed for the application and bonding of optical fibre sensor networks to large structures for Structural Health Monitoring applications. The method makes use of a vacuum-assisted infusion technique using a low-cost epoxy resin which was found suitable for surface attachment. Mechanical tests showed no creep of the cured resin, and the response of Bragg grating based sensors was linear up to 5500 µε. There was no hysteresis in the response and the sensitivity displayed at least equals that of a standard electrical resistance gauge. A system for the management and transport of long optical fibres with arrays of sensors was proposed which facilitates safe and easy movement of all sensors from production to application. During application, the same resin infusion technique can be adapted to account for parameters in the size and shape of the structure and the operating environment. A laboratory simulation showed that sensors can be bonded over large distances (&gt;10 m) thus making a large-scale, optical fibre sensor network feasible. This work has also revealed a tendency of the fibre to break under load in the splice region where it is connected to the cabled fibre. This is expected as it is the weakest region of the fibre and future work will focus on isolating this region of the packaging from the strain experienced by the structure to which it is bonded. Finally, the report lists other recommendations for further work which includes an evaluation of the long-term performance of this technique.
Thermally matched fluid cooled power converter (2023)

A thermal support may receive one or more power electronic circuits. The support may aid in removing heat from the circuits through fluid circulating through the support. Power electronic circuits are thermally matched, such as between component layers and between the circuits and the support. The support may form a shield from both external EMI/RFI and from interference generated by operation of the power electronic circuits. Features may be provided to permit and enhance connection of the circuitry to external circuitry, such as improved terminal configurations. Modular units may be assembled that may be coupled to electronic circuitry via plug-in arrangements or through interface with a backplane or similar mounting and interconnecting structures.
Electromotive Drug Administration and Hydrodistention for the Treatment of Interstitial Cystitis (1998)

Thirteen patients with interstitial cystitis diagnosed by the NIH criteria were treated with intravesical electromotive administration of lidocaine and dexamethasone followed by cystodistention. After a mean follow-up of 10 (range 3-22) months, 8/13 (62%) of the patients reported complete resolution of bladder symptoms lasting an average 4.5 (range 0.75-17) months. Partial or short-term improvement of bladder symptoms was observed in three patients, while two patients reported aggravation of pain for several days after therapy. A significant increase in bladder capacity, to an average 166% of the pretreatment capacity, was observed in all patients. Whenever symptoms recurred after initially effective therapy, retreatments were performed with equal efficacy in 11 patients. This promising new therapeutic approach, performed on an outpatient basis, may become first-line treatment for patients with interstitial cystitis.
Software-only Diverse Redundancy on GPUs for Autonomous Driving Platforms (2019)

Autonomous driving (AD) builds upon high-performance computing platforms including (1) general purpose CPUs as well as (2) specific accelerators, being GPUs one of the main representatives. Microcontrollers have reached ASIL-D compliance by implementing diverse redundancy with lockstep execution. However, ASIL-D compliant GPUs rely on either fully redundant lockstep GPUs (i.e. 2 GPUs), which doubles hardware costs, or fully redundant systems with a GPU and another accelerator, which virtually doubles design and validation/verification (V&V) costs. In this paper we analyze the degree of diversity achieved when implementing redundancy on a single GPU, showing that diverse redundancy is not achieved in many cases, and propose software strategies that guarantee achieving diverse redundancy for any kernel on systems using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) GPUs, thus showing how to achieve ASIL-D compliance on a single COTS GPU in controlled scenarios.
Widespread expression of parathyroid hormone-related peptide in melanocytic cells (2003)

These results suggest that PTH-rP was widely expressed in melanocytic cells; however, the cells did not secrete PTH-rP.
Randomised controlled trial of topical antibacterial Manuka (Leptospermum species) honey for evaporative dry eye due to meibomian gland dysfunction (2017)

Optimel antibacterial honey treatments are effective as adjunctive therapies for meibomian gland dysfunction.
Control of chemical composition of rare-earth substituted iron garnets using biased target deposition (2012)

Rare earth cerium substituted europium iron garnets (CeEu) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> (FeGa) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</sub> (Ce:EIG) as well as the elemental oxides were deposited on fused quartz substrates using Biased Target Deposition (BTD). The Ce:EIG films are prepared at low temperature (80-120°C) by sputtering four metallic targets simultaneously using a low energy ion beam. This method provides control over the material composition in a predictable way by controlling the bias duty cycle on individual targets.
Identifying Immature Precursor Cells in Bone Marrow Pathological Images Based on Distance Transform and Internal Structures of Cells (2010)

Nowadays manual observation by microscopes is the major method to detect leukemia cells. However this method takes much effort of doctors and depends much on the doctors' experience. This paper proposes a new method to locate the immature precursor cells based on distance transform and internal structures of cells. At first, Otsu method is used to binarize the image; secondly, the image is processed through morphological operations; then an initial location of immature precursor cells in the bone marrow pathological images is done by distance transform operation; fourthly, the internal structure and the size of cells are taken into consideration to remove the wrong cells; finally, the target cells are further marked according to the smoothing feature of the image. Experiments show the method proposed in this paper has a good performance in identifying the immature precursor cells in bone marrow pathological images.