gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antiviral effect of ribavirin on Junin virus replication in vitro. (1986)

The effect of Ribavirin (1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide) on the replication in vitro of Junin virus, the causative agent of Argentine Hemorrhagic Fever (AHF), was examined. A concentration as low as 3.12 micrograms/ml of the drug inhibited the cytopathic effect observed five days post-infection (pi) on Vero cells. On the other hand, a concentration of 25 micrograms/ml reduced the virus yield and specific antigen formation to undetectable levels. This same concentration of Ribavirin prevented plaque formation under methylcellulose. The high sensitivity of Junin virus to Ribavirin in vitro, the low toxicity of the drug for mammals and the therapeutic effect observed on in vivo infections with other arenaviruses, makes Ribavirin a promising antiviral agent that deserves testing on AHF primate models before clinical trials are undertaken.
Motion Estimation Using the Correlation Transform (2013)

The zero-mean normalized cross-correlation is shown to improve the accuracy of optical flow, but its analytical form is quite complicated for the variational framework. This paper addresses this issue and presents a new direct approach to this matching measure. Our approach uses the correlation transform to define very discriminative descriptors that are precomputed and that have to be matched in the target frame. It is equivalent to the computation of the optical flow for the correlation transforms of the images. The smoothness energy is non-local and uses a robust penalty in order to preserve motion discontinuities. The model is associated with a fast and parallelizable minimization procedure based on the projected-proximal point algorithm. The experiments confirm the strength of this model and implicitly demonstrate the correctness of our solution. The results demonstrate that the involved data term is very robust with respect to changes in illumination, especially where large illumination exists.
Efficient Solution‐Processed Small‐Molecule Solar Cells with Inverted Structure (2013)

We successfully demonstrate inverted structure small-molecule (SM) solar cells with an efficiency of 7.88% using ZnO and PEIE as an interfacial layer. Modification of ZnO with a cost-effective PEIE thin layer increases the efficiency of the inverted cell as a result of reducing the work function of the cathode and suppressing the trap-assisted recombination. In addition to the high efficiency, the inverted SM solar cells are relatively stable in air compared to conventional cells.
PPPmux-a new protocol for transporting small IP packets (2002)

We introduce a new protocol to improve the capacity of communication links to carry real-time applications that generate a large number of small packets. The key issue in the transport of such applications is the relatively large protocol overhead for each packet. For example, the overhead for RTP/UDP/IP/PPP/HDLC is 12/8/20/7 bytes respectively resulting in a total of 47 bytes. This is considerable for applications with a small payload (10-20 bytes). RTP/UDP/IP header compression (cRTP) mitigates the problem partially by reducing the corresponding protocol overhead from 40 bytes to a best case of 2 bytes. PPPmux provides a further improvement by multiplexing multiple application-level packets into a single PPP frame thereby reducing the PPP overhead per packet. One potential deployment of PPPmux is in cellular networks (IS-95A and UMTS) on links connecting base stations to the radio access network controllers (RNC). The paper provides numerical results listing capacity improvements over existing schemes. Since, multiplexing concatenates multiple IP packets into a single PPP frame, a frame loss would result in loss of multiple IP packets. We provide guidelines on the choosing the optimal multiplexing size that gives the best trade-off between increase in link capacity and increase in packet loss. Specifically, the multiplexing size of 200 bytes gives the best compromise between capacity and packet loss for typical cellular applications.
Distributed Base Station Processing in the Uplink of Cellular Networks (2006)

This paper considers the problem of joint detection in the uplink of cellular multiaccess networks with base-station cooperation. Distributed multiuser detection algorithms with local passing among neighbor base stations are proposed and compared in terms of computational complexity required in the base stations, the amount of serial communications among them, error rate performance, and convergence speed. The algorithms based on the belief propagation algorithm result in complexity and delay per base station which do not grow as the network size increases. In addition, it is observed that these algorithms have near single user error rate performance for the fading channels considered. Thus it is illustrated that using the belief propagation algorithm, it is possible to use non-orthogonal signaling and still achieve near single user performance with moderate computational complexity and a limited amount of message passing between base stations of adjacent cells.
Evaluation of First-Order, Second-Order, and Surface-Limiting Reactions in Anaerobic Hydrolysis of Cattle Manure (2006)

Three kinetic models were evaluated in this study for suitability in describing anaerobic hydrolysis of particulate wastes. The three models evaluated were: first-order reaction in particulate substrate concentration, second-order reaction in acidogenic biomass and particulate substrate concentrations, and a two-parameter, surface-limiting reaction model. Process models incorporating the three hydrolysis reaction models were developed to describe the hydrolysis-acidogenesis phase in the fermentation of cattle manure. Batch reactors were run with cattle manure as the substrate under five different conditions to calibrate and validate the process models. The two-parameter, surface-limiting reaction model and the single-parameter, second-order reaction model were found to fit the experimental results better than the simple first-order reaction model with r 2 values of 0.914, 0.913, and 0.881, respectively.
TrackStick (2012)

It is important that eye-tracking studies report the accuracy and precision of the eye tracker. It is argued that the values provided by the manufacturers are representative of the best possible capability of the eye tracker under ideal conditions and for participants with good tracking probabilities. A tool is introduced that will allow researchers to determine the actual data quality as it applies for individual participants at the time of data capturing. Results of a study where the tool was implemented is discussed and compared with the accuracy and precision values as reported by the manufacturer for the same model of eye-tracker.
Hydrophobins, from molecular structure to multiple functions in fungal development (1997)

Mycelial fungi secrete small, cysteine-rich, proteins, called hydrophobins, that self-assemble at hydrophilic-hydrophobic interfaces into amphipathic membranes, highly insoluble in case of Class I hydrophobins. By self-assembly at the culture medium-air interface they greatly lower the surface tension enabling emergent structures to grow into the air. By self-assembly at the interface between the hydrophillic cell wall and the air or any other hydrophobic environment, these emergent structures are coated with a hydrophobin membrane. These properties allow hydrophobins to fulfil a broad spectrum of functions in fungal development. They are involved in formation of aerial (reproductive) structures, in aerial dispersion of spores, and they line air channels within fruiting bodies with a hydrophobic coating, probably serving gas exchange. Hydrophobins also mediate hyphal attachment to hydrophobic surfaces such as those of plants. Moreover, they appear involved in complex interhyphal interactions, and in interactions with algae in lichens. Their resistance towards chemical and enzymatic treatments suggests that assembled hydrophobins also protect fungal emergent structures against adverse environmental conditions.
A White Paper on Neural Network Quantization (2021)

While neural networks have advanced the frontiers in many applications, they often come at a high computational cost. Reducing the power and latency of neural network inference is key if we want to integrate modern networks into edge devices with strict power and compute requirements. Neural network quantization is one of the most effective ways of achieving these savings but the additional noise it induces can lead to accuracy degradation. In this white paper, we introduce state-of-the-art algorithms for mitigating the impact of quantization noise on the network's performance while maintaining low-bit weights and activations. We start with a hardware motivated introduction to quantization and then consider two main classes of algorithms: Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) and Quantization-Aware-Training (QAT). PTQ requires no re-training or labelled data and is thus a lightweight push-button approach to quantization. In most cases, PTQ is sufficient for achieving 8-bit quantization with close to floating-point accuracy. QAT requires fine-tuning and access to labeled training data but enables lower bit quantization with competitive results. For both solutions, we provide tested pipelines based on existing literature and extensive experimentation that lead to state-of-the-art performance for common deep learning models and tasks.
Probing the surfaces of core‐shell and hollow nanoparticles by solvent relaxation NMR (2017)

Measurement of the spin-spin NMR relaxation time (or its inverse, the rate) of water molecules in aqueous nanoparticle dispersions has become a popular approach to probe of the nature and structure of the particle surface and any adsorbed species. Here, we report on the characterisation of aqueous dispersions of hollow amorphous nanoparticles that have two liquid accessible surfaces (inner cavity surface and outer shell surface) plus the solid (silica) and core-shell (titania-silica) nanoparticle precursors from which the hollow particles have been prepared. In all cases, the observed water relaxation rates scale linearly with particle surface area, with the effect being more pronounced with increasing levels of titania present at the particle surface. Two distinct behaviours were observed for the hollow nanoparticles at very low volume fractions, which appear to merge with increasing surface area (particle concentration). Herewith, we further show the versatility of solvent NMR spectroscopy as a probe of surface character.
High efficiency GaN Class E power amplifier at 5.8GHz with harmonic control network (2014)

This paper presents a 5.8GHz high efficiency class-E power amplifier (PA) using a 25-W GaN HEMT large signal model for wireless power transmission applications. The input and output harmonic control networks using λ/4 open-stub transmission lines is employed to obtain high output power and high efficiency. The simulation results show that the power-added efficiency (PAE) of 69% with a gain of 12.2dB and output power of 41.2dBm is achieved at 5.8GHz. The PAE over 63% and the output power over 40 dBm are maintained in 100 MHz bandwidth.
Efficient Computation of LALR(1) Look-Ahead Sets (1982)

article Free Access Share on Efficient Computation of LALR(1) Look-Ahead Sets Authors: Frank DeRemer Computer and Information Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA Computer and Information Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CAView Profile , Thomas Pennello Computer and Information Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA Computer and Information Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and SystemsVolume 4Issue 4Oct. 1982 pp 615–649https://doi.org/10.1145/69622.357187Published:01 October 1982Publication History 83citation2,258DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations83Total Downloads2,258Last 12 Months471Last 6 weeks49 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Augmentation of Cardiac Contractility Mediated by the Human β <sub>3</sub> -Adrenergic Receptor Overexpressed in the Hearts of Transgenic Mice (2001)

Cardiac overexpression of human beta(3)ARs results in positive inotropy only on stimulation with a beta(3)AR agonist. Overexpressed beta(3)ARs couple to G(s) and activate adenylyl cyclase on agonist stimulation.
A novel <i>Amh</i> -Treck transgenic mouse line allows toxin-dependent loss of supporting cells in gonads (2014)

Cell ablation technology is useful for studying specific cell lineages in a developing organ in vivo. Herein, we established a novel anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)-toxin receptor-mediated cell knockout (Treck) mouse line, in which the diphtheria toxin (DT) receptor was specifically activated in Sertoli and granulosa cells in postnatal testes and ovaries respectively. In the postnatal testes of Amh-Treck transgenic (Tg) male mice, DT injection induced a specific loss of the Sertoli cells in a dose-dependent manner, as well as the specific degeneration of granulosa cells in the primary and secondary follicles caused by DT injection in Tg females. In the testes with depletion of Sertoli cell, germ cells appeared to survive for only several days after DT treatment and rapidly underwent cell degeneration, which led to the accumulation of a large amount of cell debris within the seminiferous tubules by day 10 after DT treatment. Transplantation of exogenous healthy Sertoli cells following DT treatment rescued the germ cell loss in the transplantation sites of the seminiferous epithelia, leading to a partial recovery of the spermatogenesis. These results provide not only in vivo evidence of the crucial role of Sertoli cells in the maintenance of germ cells, but also show that the Amh-Treck Tg line is a useful in vivo model of the function of the supporting cell lineage in developing mammalian gonads.
Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 1 Channel (TRPV1) Immunolocalization in the Murine Enteric Nervous System Is Affected by the Targeted C-terminal Epitope of the Applied Antibody (2013)

The expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 channel (TRPV1) in the enteric nervous system is still the subject of debate. Although a number of studies have reported that TRPV1 is limited to extrinsic afferent fibers, other studies argue for an intrinsic expression of TRPV1. In the present study, reverse transcriptase PCR was employed to establish the expression of TRPV1 mRNA throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Using two antibodies directed against different epitopes of TRPV1, we were able to show at the protein level that the observed distribution pattern of TRPV1 is dependent on the antibody used in the immunohistochemical staining. A first antibody indeed mainly stained neuronal fibers, whereas a second antibody exclusively stained perikarya of enteric neurons throughout the mouse gastrointestinal tract. We argue that these different distribution patterns are due to the antibodies discriminating between different modulated forms of TRPV1 that influence the recognition of the targeted immunogen and as such distinguish intracellular from plasmalemmal forms of TRPV1. Our study is the first to directly compare these two antibodies within the same species and in identical conditions. Our observations underline that detailed knowledge of the epitope that is recognized by the antibodies employed in immunohistochemical procedures is a prerequisite for correctly interpreting experimental results.
43-Gb/s differential receiver module for RZ-DPSK (2008)

We have developed a 43-Gb/s differential receiver module for RZ-DPSK. A wide bandwidth of 42 GHz and a high transimpedance gain of 58 dBΩ were achieved.
A unified approach to dielectric single cell analysis: Impedance and dielectrophoretic force spectroscopy (2010)

In this review we present a unified approach for single cell dielectric spectroscopy. Impedance spectroscopy and dielectrophoretic cell sorting, current microtechnologies applied in electrical analysis of single cells are discussed based on their closely related physical principles. In addition, examples of microfluidic devices will be presented: a microfabricated flow cytometer for single cell discrimination based on impedance analysis and a miniaturized continuous dielectrophoretic cell sorter, both using the concept of liquid electrodes. Using the experimental results obtained from both microdevices, we give a comparative overview over the dielectrophoretic sorting and impedance spectroscopy.
A fast Gibbs sampler for synthesizing constrained fractals (1997)

It is well known that the spatial frequency spectrum of membrane and thin plate splines exhibit self-affine characteristics and, hence, behave as fractals. This behavior was exploited in generating the constrained fractal surfaces, which were generated by using a Gibbs sampler algorithm in the work of Szeliski and Terzopoulos (1989). The algorithm involves locally perturbing a constrained spline surface with white noise until the spline surface reaches an equilibrium state. We introduce a fast generalized Gibbs sampler that combines two novel techniques, namely, a preconditioning technique in a wavelet basis for constraining the splines and a perturbation scheme in which, unlike the traditional Gibbs sampler, all sites (surface nodes) that do not share a common neighbor are updated simultaneously. In addition, we demonstrate the capability to generate arbitrary order fractal surfaces without resorting to blending techniques. Using this fast Gibbs sampler algorithm, we demonstrate the synthesis of realistic terrain models from sparse elevation data.
A simple, rapid ELISA method for the detection of DNA antibodies. (1982)

Employing an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique the serum antibodies against native (double stranded) and denatured (single stranded) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) have been measured in various disease groups and a group of blood donor sera. The ELISA method has been compared with a radioimmunoassay method using native (double stranded) DNA is substrate antigen and a latex-fixation technique using particles coated with soluble deoxyribonucleoprotein (SNP). It is concluded that ELISA offers an economic and reliable alternative to isotope techniques for the assessment of antibody content in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and related disease states for the clinical laboratory.
Beyond the Hype: On Using Blockchains in Trust Management for Authentication (2017)

Trust Management (TM) systems for authentication are vital to the security of online interactions, which are ubiquitous in our everyday lives. Various systems, like the Web PKI (X.509) and PGP's Web of Trust are used to manage trust in this setting. In recent years, blockchain technology has been introduced as a panacea to our security problems, including that of authentication, without sufficient reasoning, as to its merits.In this work, we investigate the merits of using open distributed ledgers (ODLs), such as the one implemented by blockchain technology, for securing TM systems for authentication. We formally model such systems, and explore how blockchain can help mitigate attacks against them. After formal argumentation, we conclude that in the context of Trust Management for authentication, blockchain technology, and ODLs in general, can offer considerable advantages compared to previous approaches. Our analysis is, to the best of our knowledge, the first to formally model and argue about the security of TM systems for authentication, based on blockchain technology. To achieve this result, we first provide an abstract model for TM systems for authentication. Then, we show how this model can be conceptually encoded in a blockchain, by expressing it as a series of state transitions. As a next step, we examine five prevalent attacks on TM systems, and provide evidence that blockchain-based solutions can be beneficial to the security of such systems, by mitigating, or completely negating such attacks.
Infinite stage Ettingshausen cooling in Bi-Sb alloys (1994)

An infinite staged Ettingshausen cooler of exponential shape has been constructed, using an oriented single crystal of Bi97Sb3. The magnetic field of B=0.75 T was provided by a permanent magnet system. A maximal temperature difference ΔT=42 K was achieved maintaining the heat sink at T=160 K. Referring to the temperature range and magnetic field strength used, this result represents a large cooling effect for an Ettingshausen cooling device. A simulation program that takes into account the temperature dependence of the transport coefficients was developed. Not only the predicted maximal temperature difference but also the electrical current necessary to obtain this maximum are in reasonable agreement with experimental results.
Refresh my memory: Episodic memory reinstatements intrude on working memory maintenance (2017)

Abstract A fundamental question in memory research is how different forms of memory interact. Previous research has shown that people rely on working memory (WM) in short-term recognition tasks; a common view is that episodic memory (EM) only influences performance on these tasks when WM maintenance is disrupted. However, retrieval of memories from EM has been widely observed during brief periods of quiescence, raising the possibility that EM retrievals during maintenance-critically, before a response can be prepared-might affect short-term recognition memory performance even in the absence of distraction. We hypothesized that this influence would be mediated by the lingering presence of reactivated EM content in WM. We obtained support for this hypothesis in three experiments, showing that delay-period EM reactivation introduces incidentally-associated information ( context ) into WM, and that these retrieved associations negatively impact subsequent recognition, leading to substitution errors (Experiment 1) and slowing of accurate responses (Experiment 2). fMRI pattern analysis showed that slowing is mediated by the content of EM reinstatement (Experiment 3). These results expose a previously hidden influence of EM on WM, raising new questions about the adaptive nature of their interaction.
Fluorescent and pH-responsive diblock copolymer-coated core–shell CdSe/ZnS particles for a color-displaying, ratiometric pH sensor (2011)

A color distinctive, ratiometric pH sensor was demonstrated using pH responsive and fluorescent (PyMMP-b-P2VP) diblock copolymer coated CdSe/ZnS QDs. Due to the change in the P2VP conformations in response to pH change, the color of QDs in solution changes distinctly from blue to red.