gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of Inhibin .BETA.A, .BETA.B, and Follistatin mRNAs in the Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Rat Liver Regeneration Model. (2000)

Follistatin (FS, an activin-binding protein) and activin A (homodimer of inhibin betaA chain) promote and inhibit cell proliferation in rat liver, respectively. The roles of activin AB (heterodimer of inhibin betaA and betaB) and activin B (homodimer of inhibin betaB) in rat liver have not been elucidated yet. In this study, we examined, by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, whether the levels of FS, inhibin betaA and betaB mRNAs change in the carbon tetrachloride induced rat liver regeneration model. The analysis was made in an hour-by-hour manner during the early stage of liver injury. There are 2 types of FS mRNA, FS-288 and FS-315, and the levels of both had begun to increase at 3 h, were maximal at 6 h, remained constant up to 12 h, and thereafter gradually decreased. The inhibin betaA mRNA had started to decline at 3 h, reached its lowest level at 6 h, partly returned at 12 h, and remained constant up to 48 h. The inhibin betaB mRNA level had begun to increase at 1 h, was maximal at 3 h, remained constant up to 24 h, and returned to the original level at 48 h. These results indicate that FS and activin A may act reciprocally in liver regeneration, and also suggest that activin AB and B may play roles in liver regeneration that differ from that of activin A.
Pathway-Based Classification of Lung Cancer: A Strategy to Guide Therapeutic Selection (2011)

The critical challenge in virtually all cancer research is heterogeneity: "Breast cancer" and "lung cancer" are actually collections of disease with distinct molecular mechanisms and clinical characteristics. The challenge is evident in the complexity of most cancers with multiple mutations and alterations generating the cancer phenotype, requiring therapeutic strategies that can match the complexity with equally complex combination regimens. Substantial progress in treatment requires major advances in methods to define refined, "common mechanism" subgroups to allow development of combination therapeutics that target these individual mechanisms. Our work is on the use of genomic signatures of oncogenic signaling pathways that provide an opportunity to dissect the complexity of lung cancer and to serve as tools to direct the use of targeted therapeutic agents.
Purification, <i>N</i>-terminal amino acid sequence and properties of hydroxymethylbilane synthase (porphobilinogen deaminase) from <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1986)

Hydroxymethylbilane synthase (porphobilinogen deaminase) was purified to apparent homogeneity from Escherichia coli. The enzyme is a monomer of Mr approx. 40,000. The Km for porphobilinogen and relative Vmax. values have been obtained at various pH values over the range 6.2-8.8, enabling pK values for ionizable groups important for activity to be determined. The N-terminal amino acid sequence is presented.
Modeling Heterogeneity in a Low-Permeability Gas Reservoir Using Geostatistical Techniques, Hyde Field, Southern North Sea (1996)

Hyde field is a small (133 Gcf (FOOTNOTE *) reserves) gas field in the United Kingdom southern North Sea. The reservoir, the Permian Rotliegende Group, contains eolian, fluvial, and sabkha facies. The eolian facies constitute the dominant flow units. Illite cementation results in low reservoir quality. In the eolian facies permeability averages 2.5 md and rarely exceeds 10 md. To maximize recovery from this field, with its thin gas column and low reservoir quality, Hyde has been developed with three long-reach horizontal wells. A reservoir model that could accurately predict future production had to include a full range of heterogeneities from the effects of thin muddy laminations at the core-plug scale to the spatial distribution of eolian, fluvial, and sabkha facies over the entire field at the largest scale. By carefully defining the model's layering scheme, we incorporated strongly deterministic elements where facies trends were influenced by laterally extensive stratigraphic surfaces. The distribution of facies within stratigraphic units was modeled using geostatistical techniques. Average permeability values were assigned to the poorest quality fluvial and muddy sabkha facies. Permeability values for the eolian and sandy sabkha facies were determined by upscaling models of their internal permeability structure. The resulting distribution of permeabilities across the field, present in a 2.2-million-cell model, was upscaled into a coarser grid suitable for simulating the full field. This new model produced a significantly better match to dynamic data than did an earlier simple layer model that was used to take the field to sanction. The results of our work suggest that stochastic modeling allowed us to represent a level of heterogeneity that was not captured by the earlier simple layer model. By capturing this level of heterogeneity, we were able to achieve a significantly better match of model predictions to production data.
Whole-exome and targeted sequencing identify ROBO1 and ROBO2 mutations as progression-related drivers in myelodysplastic syndromes (2015)

The progressive mechanism underlying myelodysplastic syndrome remains unknown. Here we identify ROBO1 and ROBO2 as novel progression-related somatic mutations using whole-exome and targeted sequencing in 6 of 16 (37.5%) paired MDS patients with disease progression. Further deep sequencing detects 20 (10.4%) patients with ROBO mutations in a cohort of 193 MDS patients. In addition, copy number loss and loss of heterogeneity (LOH) of ROBO1 and ROBO2 are frequently observed in patients with progression or carrying ROBO mutations. In in vitro experiments, overexpression of ROBO1 or ROBO2 produces anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in leukaemia cells. However, this effect was lost in ROBO mutants and ROBO-SLIT2 signalling is impaired. Multivariate analysis shows that ROBO mutations are independent factors for predicting poor survival. These findings demonstrate a novel contribution of ROBO mutations to the pathogenesis of MDS and highlight a key role for ROBO-SLIT2 signalling in MDS disease progression.
New Indole Alkaloids from the North Sea Bacterium <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> Bio249 (2003)

Several bis- and tris-indole derivatives were isolated from a North Sea bacterium that was closely related to Vibrio parahaemolyticus (98% homology). 1,1,3-Tris(3-indolyl)butane (3) is a new compound, and 3,3-bis(3-indolyl)butane-2-one (1a), arundine (1b), and 1,1,1-tris(3-indolyl)methane (2a) were isolated from a microorganism for the first time here. Additionally, many other known compounds were obtained from the ethyl acetate extract of the culture. Their structures were established on the basis of various spectral data, and their origin is discussed. All compounds were inactive against a range of bacteria and fungi.
When Foods Cause Itch: Clinical Characteristics, Pathophysiology, and Recommendations for Food-Induced Skin and Mucosal Pruritus (2023)

Itch occurs in various dermatologic and systemic conditions. Many patients report that certain foods instigate itch, although there is limited published information in dermatology on food-induced pruritus. In addition, itch severity is rarely mentioned. Food can induce pruritus through either ingestion or direct contact with skin or mucosal membranes. The most common type of itch provoked by food is acute urticaria, often through the classical immunoglobulin E (IgE)–mediated pathway. Other mechanisms include non-IgE–mediated, mixed (IgE-mediated and non-IgE–mediated), T-cell–mediated, and nonimmune reactions. For patients presenting with urticaria, generalized pruritus, oral pruritus, or dermatitis, a thorough history is warranted, and possible food associations should be considered and assessed. Although any food seems to have the potential to elicit an immune response, certain foods are especially immunogenic. Treatment includes avoidance of the trigger and symptom management. Careful consideration should be used as to avoid unnecessarily restrictive elimination diets.
Compound Collection Preparation for Virtual Screening (2012)

Virtual screening is an established technique that has successfully been deployed in the identification of novel biologically active molecules. Whether for ligand-based or for structure-based virtual screening, a chemical collection needs to be properly processed prior to in silico evaluation. Here we describe our step-by-step procedure for handling large collections of compounds prior to virtual screening.
Precursors of 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline, a Potent Flavor Compound of an Aromatic Rice Variety (2002)

The biological formation of a potent flavor compound, 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, in the aromatic rice variety (Khao Dawk Mali 105) was studied in seedlings and callus of the rice. Concentrations of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline were determined by GC-MS-SIM using an isotope dilution method. Increases in concentration occurred when proline, ornithine, and glutamate were present in solution, with proline increasing the concentration by more than 3-fold compared to that of the control. Results of tracer experiments using (15)N-proline, (15)N-glycine, and proline-1-(13)C indicated that the nitrogen source of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline was proline, whereas the carbon source of the acetyl group was not the carboxyl group of proline. 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline was formed in the aromatic rice at temperatures below that of thermal generation in bread baking, and formed in the aerial part of aromatic rice from proline as the nitrogen precursor.
Degradation of trehalose by rhizobia and characteristics of a trehalose-degrading enzyme isolated from Rhizobium species NGR234 (2004)

Trehalose which accumulates during legume-rhizobia symbiosis is toxic to plants. Detoxification by trehalose-degrading enzymes is important for the progress of symbiosis.
Quadrature wavelength scanning interferometry (2016)

A novel method to double the measurement range of wavelength scanning interferometery (WSI) is described. In WSI the measured optical path difference (OPD) is affected by a sign ambiguity, that is, from an interference signal it is not possible to distinguish whether the OPD is positive or negative. The sign ambiguity can be resolved by measuring an interference signal in quadrature. A method to obtain a quadrature interference signal for WSI is described, and a theoretical analysis of the advantages is reported. Simulations of the advantages of the technique and of signal errors due to nonideal quadrature are discussed. The analysis and simulation are supported by experimental measurements to show the improved performances.
UAV-Aided Cellular Communications with Deep Reinforcement Learning Against Jamming (2018)

Cellular systems are vulnerable to jamming attacks, especially smart jammers that choose their jamming policies such as the jamming channel frequencies and power based on the ongoing communication policies and network states. In this article, we present an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) aided cellular communication framework against jamming. In this scheme, UAVs use reinforcement learning methods to choose the relay policy for mobile users in cellular systems, if the serving base station is heavily jammed. More specifically, we propose a deep reinforcement learning based UAV relay scheme to help cellular systems resist smart jamming without being aware of the jamming model and the network model in the dynamic game based on the previous anti-jamming relay experiences and the observed current network status. This scheme can achieve the optimal performance after enough interactions with the jammer. Simulation results show that this scheme can reduce the bit error rate of the messages and save energy for the cellular system compared with the existing scheme.
Warmteterugwinning in scholen of passief koelen (2014)

Mechanische ventilatie met warmteterugwinning (WTW) levert volgens de in deze studie gehanteerde uitgangspunten in bestaande schoolgebouwen een relatief kleine besparing op. Bij nieuwbouw kan WIW op scholen zelfs voor een verhoging van de energiekosten zorgen, afhankelijk van de benodigde ventilatorenergie. ln de steeds beter geïsoleerde scholen wordt koeling steeds belangrijker. Daarnaast zijn fijn stof reducerende maatregelen van belang om de gezondheid te verbeteren. De focus op de ontwikkeling van nieuwe systemen voor schoolklimatisering zou hierop moeten zijn gericht.
Explanation based on contexts (2003)

The authors present a hypertext-based explanation mechanism built on an existing diagnostic expert system. The system is a decision support tool for experts analyzing the condition of rotating machinery. Explanation for the system is based on context. It guides interaction and search for suitable explanations. Questions and answers are modeled separately, allowing heuristic answering. System knowledge is modeled as explicable objects to make explanations more modular. Using context to maintain a dialogue is discussed with an implementational view, and explanation techniques of an actual real-world system are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A study on the characteristic and information elements of interface design throughout the design process in the digital environment (2007)

As products, contents, and system on the base of Digital starting with Internet is appearing, there is a large range of opinion in the issue of the importance of an Interface Design and Design Process, which is able to design and use efficiently. Especially, as the demand on the Interface Design among the elements of Design is increasing, the interface Design consists of a collaboration of research of contiguous studies. for example, engineering, cognitive psychology, sociology, design and so on. Hence, this thesis will research about Interface Design’s characteristic and information element in order to form an interaction communication between suers in the digital environment and construct information in the centre of the efficient interface. First, the main part of the thesis analyzed a change in the environmental side by digital technology, and arranged a characteristic of the product that had been newly developed in the environment and a change of design environment which occurs by the effect of these products. In order to interpret the characteristic of interface design on the base of understanding of diversified a change of environment that presents this content analysis significantly, a property of interdisciplinary has been analyzed and presented by the standard of classification. I have presented and analyzed the role of Interface design’s information element and a particular element on the base of the requirement of the understanding of interdisciplinary and systematical requirement.
Translational Regulation of Gene Expression in Chloroplasts and Mitochondria (1994)

We have made rapid progress in recent years in identifying the genetic causes of many human diseases. However, despite this recent progress, our mechanistic understanding of these diseases is often incomplete. This is a problem because it limits our ...Read More
Wear characterization of abrasive waterjet nozzles and nozzle materials (1997)

Parameters that influence nozzle wear in the abrasive water jet (AWJ) environment were identified and classified into nozzle geometric, AWJ system, and nozzle material categories. Regular and accelerated wear test procedures were developed to study nozzle wear under actual and simulated conditions, respectively. Long term tests, using garnet abrasive, were conducted to validate the accelerated test procedure. In addition to exit diameter growth, two new measures of wear, nozzle weight loss and nozzle bore profiles were shown to be invaluable in characterizing and explaining the phenomena of nozzle wear. By conducting nozzle wear tests, the effects of nozzle geometric, and AWJ system parameters on nozzle wear were systematically investigated. An empirical model was developed for nozzle weight loss rate. To understand the response of nozzle materials under varying AWJ system conditions, erosion tests were conducted on samples of typical nozzle materials. The effect of factors such as jet impingement angle, abrasive type, abrasive size, abrasive flow rate, water pressure, traverse speed, and target material was evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy was performed on eroded samples as well as worn nozzles to understand the wear mechanisms. The dominant wear mechanism observed was grain pullout. Erosion models were reviewed and along the lines of classical erosion theories a semi-empirical model, suitable for erosion of nozzle materials under AWJ impact, was developed. The erosion data correlated very well with the developed model. Finally, the cutting efficiency of AWJ nozzles was investigated in conjunction with nozzle wear. The cutting efficiency of a nozzle deteriorates as it wears. There is a direct correlation between nozzle wear and cutting efficiency. The operating conditions that produce the most efficient jets also cause the most wear in the nozzle.
Microcirculatory characteristics of acupuncture points obtained by laser Doppler flowmetry (2007)

Acupuncture points (acupoints) form part of the meridian system that constitutes the most fundamental concept in oriental medicine, but their physiological basis has not been clarified. In this study we employed laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) to extract the microcirculatory characteristics of acupoints and their surrounding tissues, and we interpreted the results from the viewpoint of microcirculatory physiology. Three groups of measurements were performed focusing on the following two important acupoints in oriental medicine in healthy volunteers (n = 13 for group A and n = 9 for groups B and C, respectively): Hoh-Ku (Li4, on the hand) and Ching-Ku (B64, on the foot). The two groups of measurements around Hoh-Ku (Groups A and B) were so designed as to examine the effect of the direction of the nonacupoint away from the acupoint, whereas comparison between the Hoh-Ku and the Ching-Ku measurements was to verify whether the phenomenon was consistent in the upper and the lower extremities. We found that the mean LDF signals were significantly larger at the acupoints than in their surrounding tissues (all p < 0.05), which indicates a larger blood supply into the microvascular beds of acupoints. The results indicate that the physical properties of the vascular structure of acupoints may affect the perfusion resistance, and thereby modulate the microcirculatory perfusion in accordance with tissue needs. This finding facilitates the localization of acupoints, helps in identifying the connection between microcirculatory physiology and responses to acupoint stimulation, and introduces an objective research method for understanding the mechanisms that underlie oriental medicine.
Reviews (1991)

Pleasures and Sufferings of Different World: The Novels of Adam Zameenzad Paul Scott: Conflicts and Obsessions Haroun and the Sea of Stories Salman Rushdie (Granta, 1990), hb. £12.99 How Many Miles to Babylon?, Adewale Maja‐Pearce (Heinemann, 1990) hb. £13.95 Isarà: A Voyage Around ‘Essay’, Wole Soyinka (Methuen, 1990), hb. £12.99 Chinua Achebe. Cambridge Studies in African and Caribbean Literature, 1, C.L. Innes (Cambridge University Press, 1990), hb. £25 Sunshine and Shadow: A Caribbean Anthology, eds. Roy and Clifford Narinesingh (Cassell, 1980, reprinted 1981, 1986) Squeeze Words Hard: Poetry for Gcse, eds. Maureen Alcorn and Amanda Ebborn (Longman 1990) De Home Place: Poems for Renewal by Young People of Caribbean Origin, ed. Abdul Malik (Panrun Collective, 1990) pb. £3.95 Stories From South Asia, ed. John Welch (Oxford University Press, 1989), pb. £3.95 Crisis and Creativity in New Literatures in English, (Editions Rodopi B.V.) Cross/Cultures 1: Readings in Post/Colonial Literature, ed. Geoffrey Davis and Hena Maes‐Jelinek (hb., Dutch fl. 150) Cross/Cultures 2: Canada, ed. Geoffrey Davis (pb., Dutch fl. 35) Cross/Cultures 3: Contents of African Literature, ed. Albert Gerard (pb., Dutch fl. 70)
Breakdown voltage of zinc and magnesium vapours (2014)

In this paper the findings of a study into the electrical breakdown of zinc and magnesium metal vapours are reported. The interest in the breakdown of these vapours lies in the fact that there is a growing interest in producing zinc–magnesium coated articles using physical vapour deposition. For commercial scale operations which require a high power input, a disturbance by electrical breakdown of the metal vapour is unacceptable. Hence, knowledge of the breakdown voltage and pressure relation of these elements is essential in the engineering of a set-up.
A small and robust active beamstop for scattering experiments on high-brilliance undulator beamlines (2015)

A small active in-vacuum beamstop has been developed to monitor the flux of intense third-generation synchrotron X-ray beams protecting the downstream detector from the direct beam. Standard active beamstops, where a built-in diode directly absorbs the beam, have limitations in size and lifetime. In the present design, a silicon PIN diode detects the photons back-scattered from a cavity in the beamstop. This approach drastically reduces the radiation dose on the diode and thus increases its lifetime. The beamstop with a diameter of 2 mm has been fabricated to meet the requirements for the P12 bioSAXS beamline of EMBL Hamburg at PETRA III (DESY). The beamstop is in regular user operation at the beamline and displays a good response over the range of energies tested (6-20 keV). Further miniaturization of the diode is easily possible as its size is not limited by the PIN diode used.
Assessment and Improvement of Liver Specific Function of the AMC-Bioartificial Liver (2005)

The current second generation of our BAL and improvement of hepatocyte isolation and testing protocols have led to a significant increase in the level as well as the maintenance of hepatocyte specific function in our BAL. Finally, consensus on definition of the bioactive mass to be loaded in the bioreactor and insight in the variation and reliability of the functional and metabolic parameters enhances comparison of the different types of bioartificial livers presented in literature.
Surgical Latex Glove Allergy: Characterization of Rubber Protein Allergens by Immunoblotting (1991)

Immunoblot analysis employing IgE antibodies derived from sera of 3 physicians and 2 nurses allergic to surgical latex gloves, disclosed 10 allergens in natural rubber sap. Nine of the 10 allergens were detected in ammoniated natural rubber latex, but only 4 allergens in a latex glove extract. The allergenic proteins had apparent molecular weights ranging from 14 to 70 kD. Allergens with molecular weights of 14 and 21 kD showed the most intense immunoblot reactions suggesting that these proteins could be the major allergens in the natural rubber. An 11-kD protein and a 26-kD protein were only seen in the glove extract, indicating that they could be modified rubber proteins formed during glove manufacture.
Two‐Step, PCR‐Free Telomerase Detection by Using Exonuclease III‐Aided Target Recycling (2011)

We report the sensitive detection of telomerase activity by using exonuclease III-aided target recycling to amplify the signal produced by a chimeric LNA–DNA molecular beacon. We demonstrate the specific detection of as few as 30 telomerase-positive breast cancer cells in a single-measurement fluorescence assay that avoids the problematic PCR and gel analysis of the current “gold-standard” assay.