gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultrathin Polyamide Membrane with Decreased Porosity Designed for Outstanding Water-Softening Performance and Superior Antifouling Properties (2018)

Poly(piperazine-amide)-based nanofiltration membranes exhibit a smooth surface and superior antifouling properties but often have lower Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup> rejection due to their larger inner micropore and thus cannot be extensively used in water-softening applications. To decrease the pore size of poly(piperazine-amide) membranes, we designed and synthesized a novel monomer, 1,2,3,4-cyclobutane tetracarboxylic acid chloride (BTC), which possesses a smaller molecular conformation than trimesoyl chloride (TMC). The thickness of the prepared BTC-piperazine (PIP) polyamide nanofilm via interfacial polymerization is as thin as 15 nm, significantly lower than the 50 nm thickness of the TMC-PIP nanofilm. The surface characterization reveals that the BTC-PIP polyamide membrane exhibits an enhanced hydrophilicity, a smooth surface, and a decreased surface-negative charge. The desalination performance (both rejection and water flux) of these membranes in terms of Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup> exceeds that of the current commercial water-softening membranes. In addition, the BTC-PIP polyamide membrane also exhibits superior antifouling properties compared to the TMC-based polyamide membrane. More importantly, molecular simulations show that the BTC-PIP membrane has a lower average pore size than that of the TMC-PIP membrane, which demonstrates an enhanced steric hindrance effect, as confirmed by desalination performance. Our results demonstrate that in the household and industrial water-softening market, BTC-PIP membrane with decreased porosity, enhanced hydrophilicity, and smooth surface is preferred alternative to the conventional TMC-based polyamide membranes.
A simple and effective strategy for labeling cysteine sulfenic acid in proteins by utilization of β-ketoesters as cleavable probes (2012)

β-ketoesters are robust probes for labeling sulfenic acid (-SOH) proteins allowing quantitative cleavage of the tag for improved analysis of the labeled peptides by MS.
Fine mapping of a linkage peak with integration of lipid traits identifies novel coronary artery disease genes on chromosome 5 (2012)

Using an intermediate disease-related quantitative trait of LDL-C we have identified four novel CAD genes, EBF1, PRELID2, SPOCK1, and PPP2R2B. These four genes should be further examined in future functional studies as candidate susceptibility loci for cardiovascular disease mediated through LDL-cholesterol pathways.
Repeated exposure to heterologous hepatitis C viruses associates with enhanced neutralizing antibody breadth and potency (2022)

A prophylactic hepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccine that elicits neutralizing antibodies could be key to HCV eradication. However, the genetic and antigenic properties of HCV envelope (E1E2) proteins capable of inducing anti-HCV broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) in humans have not been defined. Here, we investigated the development of bNAbs in longitudinal plasma of HCV-infected persons with persistent infection or spontaneous clearance of multiple reinfections. By measuring plasma antibody neutralization of a heterologous virus panel, we found that the breadth and potency of the antibody response increased upon exposure to multiple genetically distinct infections and with longer duration of viremia. Greater genetic divergence between infecting strains was not associated with enhanced neutralizing breadth. Rather, repeated exposure to antigenically related, antibody-sensitive E1E2s was associated with potent bNAb induction. These data reveal that a prime-boost vaccine strategy with genetically distinct, antibody-sensitive viruses is a promising approach to inducing potent bNAbs in humans.
Elevated Platelet Count before Ileal Pouch–Anal Anastomosis for Ulcerative Colitis is Associated with the Development of Chronic Pouchitis (2005)

Acute pouchitis (AP) after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is common and easily treated. However, chronic pouchitis (CP) remains a difficult management problem and may represent a form of Crohn disease (CD) of the ileal pouch. Because CD patients have higher platelet counts than ulcerative colotis (UC) patients, we prospectively evaluated the association between preoperative platelet count and pouchitis development in 159 patients undergoing IPAA. Reactive thrombocytosis (RT) was defined as a platelet count > 450 x 10(9)/L. Median preoperative platelet count was 312 x 10(9)/L (range, 103 x 10(9)/L to 886 x 10(9)/L). One hundred twenty-five patients (79%) had a normal (150 x 10(9)/L to 450 x 10(9)/L) platelet count (-RT patient group). Twenty-eight patients (18%) had RT. Six patients (3%) had a platelet count below 150 x 10(9)/L. After a median follow-up of 13 months, 45 patients (28%) developed pouchitis. Pouchitis developed in 33 +RT patients (26%) versus 9 -RT patients (32%) (P = NS). UC patients who had +RT had a 25 per cent incidence of CP compared to only 7 per cent of those UC patients who had -RT (P = 0.03). The incidence of CP was significantly higher after IPAA in UC patients having thrombocytosis before surgery compared to UC patients having a normal platelet count before surgery.
Side chain pendant non‐linear optically active polymers synthesised by grafting reactions on maleic anhydride copolymers (1996)

Abstract The synthesis of well defined, high molecular weight polymers for non‐linear optical (NLO) applications has been carried out in an effort to improve the film properties of waveguides fabricated from these materials, Free radical methods of polymerisation result in molecular weight limitations due to the chain transfer nature of the NLO active chromophores, and therefore, in order to prepare a high molecular weight polymer, a post polymerisation grafting method was chosen to incorporate side chain pendant chromophores onto a preformed polymer. Alcoholysis of anhydride copolymers resulted in chromophore incorporation levels of up to 90% of available reactive sites. Additional branching of the linear anhydride prepolymers was also carried out using polytetrahydrofuran but this was not shown to improve the mechanical properties of the fabricated films. Since the anhydride opens to an ester and an acid, in order to reduce the ionic content of the final polymer, further reaction of the generated carboxylic acid group was attempted, resulting in partial diester formation, and an improvement in film quality. Electrical field poling at temperatures close to the glass transition was only successful at low electrical field strengths, allowing electrooptic coefficients of values of up to 2.4 pm/V at a poling field of 80 V/μm to be obtained.
BLADDER STRETCH ALTERS URINARY HEPARIN-BINDING EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR AND ANTIPROLIFERATIVE FACTOR IN PATIENTS WITH INTERSTITIAL CYSTITIS (2000)

Bladder stretch increased HB-EGF and conversely reduced antiproliferative factor activity in urine from patients with interstitial cystitis but not controls up to 2 weeks after distention. These results provide additional evidence for the possible role of antiproliferative factor and decreased HB-EGF in the pathophysiology of interstitial cystitis. To our knowledge this is also the first human study to show that in vivo bladder stretch can alter urinary factors that regulate cell growth.
Quad-Band Petal Reflector Antenna for Ground Communications (2022)

Future protected communications require soldiers on the ground to carry several antennas to integrate with their man-packs to provide secure and reliable communications at several frequency bands. This paper describes a novel “petal-reflector” that combines four antennas into one using a quad-band antenna design. A dual-reflector antenna using axially displaced ellipsoid (ADE) sub-reflector fed with a wideband quad-ridged horn provided Ku-band transmit, Ku-band receive, K-band receive and Ka-band transmit frequencies using a high performance quadraplexer. The main reflector is made of six identical petals that can be quickly assembled and disassembled in the battle field. The antenna is assembled on a light-weight 2-axis gimbal to provide beam scanning over +/− 900 in elevation and 3600 in azimuth. The antenna / gimbal combination is then mounted on a tripod structure for field operations and uses commercial off the shelf (COTS) components and 3-D manufactured parts to minimize cost and weight. Details on the antenna design, analyses, hardware, integration and test results are presented.
Synergistic activity of colistin in combination with N-acetylcysteine against colistin-resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii grown in biofilms (2018)

<b>Objectives:</b><i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> is a leading cause of hospital-acquired pneumonia often recalcitrant to antibiotics. Colistin is a last-resort drug to treat infections caused by XDR <i>A baumannii.</i> Nebulized colistin alone or with iv colistin was used to treat respiratory infections by those strains. High N-acetylcysteine (NAC) concentrations by topical route potentiated colistin activity against a collection of colistin-resistant <i>A baumannii</i> in planktonic phase. <b>Methods:</b> Two XDR <i>A baumannii</i> colistin resistance phenotype clinical isolates were investigated (Z165, Z167). Biofilm susceptibility testing was performed using Nunc-TSP lid system. Biofilms grew in cation-adjusted Mueller Hinton broth for 7 days and exposed to NAC/colistin combo. Three NAC concentrations (1.6, 3.2, 8mg/ml) and colistin concentrations (2, 8, 32mcg/ml) were tested alone and in combo. Biofilm mass was determined by biofilm disruption and viable cell count (enumeration of CFUs) at time 0 (before exposure to the combo) and after 24 hours. <b>Results:</b> Biofilms were formed by mean of 6.08±0.49 and 5.89±1.06 log CFU/ml, for Z165 and Z167, respectively. Antibiofilm activity was not observed with NAC alone or colistin ≤8µg/ml alone. Colistin 32mcg/ml eradicated both biofilms. Relevant antibiofilm NAC/colistin combo activity was demonstrated for both tested strains. NAC potentiated colistin activity in a concentration-dependent way, a relevant antibiofilm activity was seen with colistin 8mcg/ml+NAC 1.6mg/ml (reduction>3 log CFU/ml vs controls). <b>Conclusions:</b> Nebulized NAC/colistin combo is a valid option for biofilm-associated infections due to colistin-resistant <i>A baumannii</i> strains.
Triboelectric Nanogenerator Tattoos Enabled by Epidermal Electronic Technologies (2021)

Abstract With the high flexibility, good conformability and lightweight, the next‐generation energy harvesters could exist in the format of epidermal electronics. They are able to convert the mechanical energy from daily body motions into electrical signals for energy harvesting and human‐machine interfaces. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have proven to be excellent candidates for wearable energy harvesters, however, the reported TENGs commonly face the hurdles of poor adhesion to skin and relative thick in geometry up to several cm. Herein, a series of ultrathin, soft, tattoo‐like triboelectric nanogenerators (TL‐TENGs) with well‐designed aesthetic patterns are introduced. With the ultrathin materials applied and state of art processing techniques in epidermal electronics, the TL‐TENGs present an outstanding mechanical property of high robustness and thickness of tens of μm. Besides, TL‐TENGs own remarkable electrical characteristics, the open‐circuit voltage and short circuit current can reach up to ≈180 V and ≈2.2 μA under constant tapping (≈16 kPa), respectively. With the well structural mechanics designs, the TL‐TENGs can be customized into various tattoo patterns, such as twelve Chinese zodiac signs. Demonstrations of TL‐TENGs in energy harvesting and the human‐machine interface indicate great potential in next generation wearable nanogenerators and internet of things.
A Multi-sampling SVM Scheme for Current Source Converter with Superior Harmonic Performance (2009)

The device switching frequency of current source converters (CSC) in high power medium voltage applications is usually several hundred hertz. Selective harmonic elimination (SHE) has been the dominant modulation scheme because of its ability to eliminate unwanted low order harmonics at low switching frequency. Conventional space vector modulation (SVM), as another CSC modulation method, provides variable modulation index but its output contains low order harmonics with high magnitudes. In this paper, a multi-sampling SVM (MS-SVM) is proposed which substantially suppresses the low order harmonics. Investigation on the switching frequency of the proposed modulation method is carried out and methods to reduce additional switchings are developed. The proposed MS-SVM method exhibits a superior low order harmonics profile comparable to that of SHE and provides the same fast and flexible control capability as the conventional SVM. Simulation and experimental results are provided to verify the proposed method.
Non-invasive Soccer Goal Line Technology: A Real Case Study (2013)

In this paper, a real case study on a Goal Line Monitoring system is presented. The core of the paper is a refined ball detection algorithm that analyzes candidate ball regions to detect the ball. A decision making approach, by means of camera calibration, decides about the goal event occurrence. Differently from other similar approaches, the proposed one provides, as unquestionable proof, the image sequence that records the goal event under consideration. Moreover, it is non-invasive: it does not require any change in the typical football devices (ball, goal posts, and so on). Extensive experiments were performed on both real matches acquired during the Italian Serie A championship, and specific evaluation tests by means of an artificial impact wall and a shooting machine for shot simulation. The encouraging experimental results confirmed that the system could help humans in ambiguous goal line event detection.
Apparatus and a method for locating a source of acoustic emission in a material (1994)

First Page
Synthesis and Discovery of Arylpiperidinylquinazolines: New Inhibitors of the Vesicular Monoamine Transporter (2018)

Methamphetamine, a human vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) substrate, releases dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine from vesicles into the cytosol of presynaptic neurons and induces reverse transport by the monoamine transporters to increase extracellular neurotransmitters. Currently available radioligands for VMAT2 have considerable liabilities: The binding of [<sup>3</sup>H]dihydrotetrabenazine ([<sup>3</sup>H]DHTB) to a site on VMAT2 is not dependent on ATP, and [<sup>3</sup>H]reserpine binds almost irreversibly to VMAT2. Herein we demonstrate that several arylpiperidinylquinazolines (APQs) are potent inhibitors of [<sup>3</sup>H]reserpine binding at recombinant human VMAT2 expressed in HEK-293 cells. These compounds are biodiastereoselective and bioenantioselective. The lead radiolabeled APQ is unique because it binds reversibly to VMAT2 but does not bind the [<sup>3</sup>H]DHTB binding site. Furthermore, experimentation shows that several novel APQ ligands have high potency for inhibition of uptake by both HEK-VMAT2 cells and mouse striatal vesicles and may be useful tools for characterizing drug-induced effects on human VMAT2 expression and function.
Two-Photon Quantum Interference from Separate Nitrogen Vacancy Centers in Diamond (2012)

We report on the observation of quantum interference of the emission from two separate nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. Taking advantage of optically induced spin polarization in combination with polarization filtering, we isolate a single transition within the zero-phonon line of the nonresonantly excited NV centers. The time-resolved two-photon interference contrast of this filtered emission reaches 66%. Furthermore, we observe quantum interference from dissimilar NV centers tuned into resonance through the dc Stark effect. These results pave the way towards measurement-based entanglement between remote NV centers and the realization of quantum networks with solid-state spins.
Prior culture with concanavalin A increases intramuscular migration of transplanted myoblast (1998)

The effect was studied of pretreatment with concanavalin A (ConA) of primary myoblast cultures on their migration when transplanted into muscles. As donors, transgenic CD1 mice in which the beta-galactosidase gene is under the control of a CMV promoter (CMVLacZ.9) were used. The myoblasts were grown with 20 microg/mL ConA during the 2 days before injecting them in the right tibialis anterior (TA) muscles of BALB/c mice and mdx mice. As a control, myoblasts from the same primary cultures were grown without ConA and injected in the left TA muscles. The host muscles were not previously irradiated or damaged by notexin injection. The recipient mice were immunosuppressed with FK506. Four days after myoblast transplantation, the area occupied by donor cells was significantly greater (more than threefold) following culture with ConA than without ConA. This result indicates that culture of myoblasts with ConA permits them to migrate farther following their transplantation in host muscles not previously damaged by notexin injection or irradiation. This suggests that pretreatment with ConA may be helpful for myoblast transplantation in humans. The mechanism of this effect still remains to be investigated.
Candidate genes underlying the quantitative trait loci for root-knot nematode resistance in a Cucumis hystrix introgression line of cucumber based on population sequencing (2019)

The southern root-knot nematode (RKN), Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood, is one of most destructive species of plant parasitic nematodes, causing significant economic losses to numerous crops including cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. 2n = 14). No commercial cultivar is currently available with resistance to RKN, severely hindering the genetic improvement of RKN resistance in cucumber. An introgression line, IL10-1, derived from the interspecific hybridization between the wild species Cucumis hystrix Chakr. (2n = 24, HH) and cucumber, was identified with resistance to RKN. In this study, an ultrahigh-density genetic linkage bin-map, composed of high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), was constructed based on low-coverage sequences of the F<sub>2:6</sub> recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross between inbred line IL10-1 and cultivar 'Beijingjietou' CC3 (hereinafter referred to as CC3). Three QTLs were identified accounting for 13.36% (qRKN1-1), 9.07% and 9.58% (qRKN5-1 and qRKN5-2) of the resistance variation, respectively. Finally, four genes with nonsynonymous SNPs from chromosome 5 were speculated to be the candidate RKN-resistant related genes, with annotation involved in disease resistance. Though several gaps still exist on the bin-map, our results could potentially be used in breeding programs and establish an understanding of the associated mechanisms underlying RKN resistance in cucumber.
Recent improvements in straw neutron detectors for large-scale neutron science instruments (2020)

Modified boron-coated straw (BCS) detector configurations are introduced, in order to improve detection efficiency, and reduce the number of layers required to match the response of high-pressure 3He tubes, in large-scale neutron science instruments. A new 7-straw design employing thin-walled aluminum tubes facilitates operation in vacuum, and substantially reduces the scattering material by a factor of 5 compared with the flow-through design of the Multi-Grid detector. Another design introduces 18 radial walls inside each straw, coated on both sides with enriched boron carbide, to increase the coated wall perimeter 4.3 times. The so-called Pie straw offers a significant benefit in detection efficiency compared with round straws used in LoKI. An example of such a straw having 18 septa is explored in modeling and experimental studies, that can potentially reduce the number of layers needed in large-scale instruments like LoKI by a factor of 2.8. In a parallel development, a totally new configuration of boron-coated detectors is introduced, aimed to address the need for high spatial resolution, and high-rate capability in single crystal diffractometers, like MaNDi and TOPAZ at the SNS, and in neutron reflectometers. The proposed structure is a close-packed array of rectangular cells, each fabricated by wrapping copper foil having a coating of 10B4C on one side and electroplated tin on the other side, around precisely machined rectangular bars. The array is pressed together and then vacuum brazed together. The resulting structure is quite strong and precise in geometry. This so-called Microcell Straw Array can be configured with channel dimensions as small as 0.5 mm × 2.5 mm. Due to its ultra thin walls (25 μm) secondary scattering of neutrons is minimized. It is sealed inside a fully welded thin aluminum containment vessel that allows convenient operation in vacuum. A mature low power readout system capable of an estimated count rate of 22 MHz in a 15 × 15 cm2 detector is also proposed. The improvements are the result of recent advances in BCS design, spurred by the development of compact, high-sensitivity monitors for homeland security and military applications.
Adaptive temperature control of a class of home refrigerators (2012)

A simplified dynamic model of a household refrigerator incorporating a single evaporator, variable position air damper, and variable speed evaporator fan is constructed. It is shown that, with proper parametric values, the model can accurately recreate data measured from such a refrigerator. Using the model, a model reference adaptive controller is derived and executed on a physical plant. The new controller improves upon the temperature tracking accuracy of stock controllers and is shown to adapt to changing unit types, environmental conditions, and loading cases.
A mobile software for health professionals to monitor remote patients (2012)

There is a lack of timely access to necessary healthcare in remote areas, especially in India. This paper addresses the availability of quality healthcare, by introducing wireless technology to monitor patients, in remote areas. A reliable system to continuously monitor the patients in the remote areas has been developed, this software suite consists of two mobile software platforms. The first mobile software platform uses wearable wireless sensors to collect a Patient's ECG and Blood Pressure based on the patient's health condition. This sensed data is transmitted to the Patient's mobile phone where the first level of analysis is performed and an emergency warning may be indicated. If the patient's parameters are at a certain level a message is sent immediately to the Health Professional's mobile phone. The health data is also transmitted it to a central server for storage and further processing. This database can be of great value to health researchers. The second mobile software platform enables health professionals to view patient's health reports on their mobile phones from the central database. The health professional can also assign the risk levels of each patient, from the health professional's mobile phone. Both platforms communicate with the central database using a web server. This research also considers power optimization in the patient's mobile.
Miniature optical connector with small zirconia ferrule (1991)

The problems and design targets related to miniaturizing an optical connector are described, and the results of optical characteristic measurements after a trial fabrication are presented. Miniaturized optical connectors using 1.25-mm-diameter ferrules have been developed. They are smaller and have a higher packaging density than conventional optical connectors. Ferrule pitch is 1/2, plug volume is 2/5, and cross-sectional area is 2/5 that of the SC connector. Excellent optical performance, an average insertion loss of 0.04 dB, and an average return loss of 50.1 dB have been achieved.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>