gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Thermophilic Bacteria Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (2008)

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) can provide molecular-level information about the molecules and molecular structures in the vicinity of nanostructured noble metal surfaces such as gold and silver. The three thermophilic bacteria Bacillus licheniformis, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, and Geobacillus pallidus, a Gram-negative bacterium E. coli, and a Gram-positive bacterium B. megaterium are comparatively characterized using SERS. The SERS spectra of thermophilic bacteria are similar, while they show significant differences compared to E. coli and B. megaterium. The findings indicate that a higher number of thiol residues and possible S-S bridges are present in the cell wall structure of thermophilic bacteria, providing their stability at elevated temperatures. Incubating the thermophilic bacteria with colloidal silver suspension at longer times improved the bacteria-silver nanoparticle interaction kinetics, while increased temperature does not have a pronounced effect on spectral features. A tentative assignment of the SERS bands was attempted for thermophilic bacteria. The results indicate that SERS can be a useful tool to study bacterial cell wall molecular differences.
Unusually Stable Aqueous Lyotropic Gyroid Phases from Gemini Dicarboxylate Surfactants (2011)

Aqueous lyotropic liquid crystal (LLC) assemblies with bicontinuous cubic morphologies (Q-phases) have shown promise in applications ranging from selective chemical separations to ion transporting media, yet universal design criteria for amphiphiles that adopt these unique structures remain elusive. Recent reports have demonstrated that cationic gemini surfactants exhibit a tendency to form bicontinuous cubic LLCs as compared to single-tail amphiphiles; however, the universality of this surfactant design motif in stabilizing Q-phases remains untested. Herein, we report the modular synthesis of a new class of anionic gemini surfactants derived from aliphatic carboxylic acids and demonstrate their unexpectedly strong propensity to form gyroid LLC phases with unprecedented stability between 25 and 100 °C over amphiphile concentration windows up to 20 wt % wide. By systematically varying the alkyl spacer length and surfactant counterions (Na(+), K(+), and (CH(3))(4)N(+)), we identify molecular motifs that favor formation of technologically useful bicontinuous cubic LLC morphologies.
Compact, magnetically actuated, additively manufactured pumps for liquids and gases (2020)

Abstract We report the proof-of-concept demonstration of novel, valve-less, and magnetically actuated miniature (∼1 cm 3 ) positive displacement pumps for liquids and gases—both single-material-printed pumps with embedded sintered magnets and the first monolithic, fully 3D-printed, multi-material magnetic pumps in the literature; a valve-less design greatly simplifies the pump’s operation and consumes less power compared to designs with active valves, and is less prone to clogging than designs with passive valves. The miniature diaphragm pumps are fabricated using 150 μ m-thick to 225 μ m-thick layers via fused filament fabrication; the structural parts are printed in pure Nylon 12, while the magnet that makes possible the actuation of the pump chamber is either monolithically printed in Nylon 12 embedded with NdFeB micro-particles or press-fit into the pump after single-material printing of the enclosing piston. The fabrication of the pumps employs a novel multi-material-compatible 3D printing process flow that monolithically creates all features with less than 13 μ m of in-plane misalignment. Pump fabrication takes below 75 min to complete and costs under $3.89 in materials. The devices are driven by a rotating magnet and can deliver liquid flow rates as large as 7.88 ml min −1 at 198 Hz for sintered magnet pumps (N35 grade) and 1.68 ml min −1 at 204 Hz for the devices with monolithically 3D-printed magnets (∼N4 grade); the results surpass state-of-the-art, 3D-printed miniature liquid pumps. Actuation of a pump in excess of 14.4 million cycles shows no evidence of degradation, e.g. leaks. A pump with sintered magnet (N48 grade) was characterized as a vacuum pump using air as working fluid, achieving an ultimate pressure of 540 Torr in a 0.61 ml pumping volume and up to 9.3 ml min −1 flow rate at 230 Hz actuation; the results compare well with miniature, commercial, non-3D-printed vacuum pumps.
Rectenna design for passive RFID transponders (2007)

This work emphasises rectenna design issues of passive RFID transponders for 868/915-MHz and 2.45-GHz ISM bands. The characterisation of transponder chip takes into account the impact of connecting antenna to rectifier by flip-chip bonding process. Proposed experimental way allows finding chip impedance exactly as it seen by antenna. Refined rectifier circuitry effectively overcomes dependence of transponder performances on the type deviation of connected antennas.
<title>Computer-aided detection and diagnosis of masses and clustered microcalcifications from digital mammograms</title> (1993)

We are developing an 'intelligent' workstation to assist radiologists in diagnosing breast cancer from mammograms. The hardware for the workstation will consist of a film digitizer, a high speed computer, a large volume storage device, a film printer, and 4 high resolution CRT monitors. The software for the workstation is a comprehensive package of automated detection and classification schemes. Two rule-based detection schemes have been developed, one for breast masses and the other for clustered microcalcifications. The sensitivity of both schemes is 85% with a false-positive rate of approximately 3.0 and 1.5 false detections per image, for the mass and cluster detection schemes, respectively. Computerized classification is performed by an artificial neural network (ANN). The ANN has a sensitivity of 100% with a specificity of 60%. Currently, the ANN, which is a three-layer, feed-forward network, requires as input ratings of 14 different radiographic features of the mammogram that were determined subjectively by a radiologist. We are in the process of developing automated techniques to objectively determine these 14 features. The workstation will be placed in the clinical reading area of the radiology department in the near future, where controlled clinical tests will be performed to measure its efficacy.
Dual-axes confocal microscopy with post-objective scanning and low-coherence heterodyne detection (2003)

We present a dual-axes confocal microscope that employs postobjective scanning and low-coherence heterodyne detection to collect vertical cross-sectional images from biological tissue with high axial resolution, reduced noise from scattered light, deep tissue penetration, and a large dynamic range. This architecture can be scaled down to millimeter dimensions with microelectromechanical systems technology for performance of in vivo optical biopsy.
Maskless, parallel patterning with zone-plate array lithography (1999)

Zone-plate array lithography (ZPAL) is a maskless lithography scheme that uses an array of shuttered zone plates to print arbitrary patterns on a substrate. An experimental ultraviolet ZPAL system has been constructed and used to simultaneously expose nine different patterns with a 3×3 array of zone plates in a quasidot-matrix fashion. We present exposed patterns, describe the system design and construction, and discuss issues essential to a functional ZPAL system. We also discuss another ZPAL system which operates with 4.5 nm x radiation from a point source. We present simulations which show that, with our existing x-ray zone plates and this system, we should be able to achieve 55 nm resolution.
TransFill: Reference-guided Image Inpainting by Merging Multiple Color and Spatial Transformations (2021)

Image inpainting is the task of plausibly restoring missing pixels within a hole region that is to be removed from a target image. Most existing technologies exploit patch similarities within the image, or leverage large-scale training data to fill the hole using learned semantic and texture information. However, due to the ill-posed nature of the inpainting task, such methods struggle to complete larger holes containing complicated scenes. In this paper, we propose TransFill, a multi-homography transformed fusion method to fill the hole by referring to another source image that shares scene contents with the target image. We first align the source image to the target image by estimating multiple homographies guided by different depth levels. We then learn to adjust the color and apply a pixel-level warping to each homography-warped source image to make it more consistent with the target. Finally, a pixel-level fusion module is learned to selectively merge the different proposals. Our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on pairs of images across a variety of wide baselines and color differences, and generalizes to user-provided image pairs.
A New Cervical-Thoracic Orthosis: Clinical Report of Seven Cases (1998)

A new cervical-thoracic orthosis is described which provides cervical-thoracic stabilization, and is possibly less intrusive, less conspicuous, and more comfortable than other orthoses currently available. It rests and pivots on the wearer's shoulder, thereby transferring the weight of the head, via the shoulder pivot, to the wearer's shoulder and midsection. Our admittedly limited results show that the orthosis is relatively cool and comfortable, easy to clean, and aesthetically pleasing as it can be worn under clothing and concealed from general view. The orthosis is formed from one continuous piece of a suitably rigid material and generally conforms to the contours of the wearer's body. One size fits most users; however, it can be customized to conform to the contours of the wearer, even while the wearer is positioned in a corrective posture. The orthosis can also be used to incrementally adjust the position of the wearer's head or the curvature of the wearer's spine. A preliminary process for mass producing the orthosis has been demonstrated with a view toward a more sophisticated method of manufacture. Physicians have prescribed the orthosis for seven patients, and the initial qualitative results presented here are quite encouraging
Aminoborohydrides. 4. The Synthesis and Characterization of Lithium Aminoborohydrides: A New Class of Powerful, Selective, Air-Stable Reducing Agents (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAminoborohydrides. 4. The Synthesis and Characterization of Lithium Aminoborohydrides: A New Class of Powerful, Selective, Air-Stable Reducing AgentsGary B. Fisher, Joseph C. Fuller, John Harrison, Salvador G. Alvarez, Elizabeth R. Burkhardt, Christian T. Goralski, and Bakthan SingaramCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 21, 6378–6385Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00100a046https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00100a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2806Altmetric-Citations91LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Defect passivation and homogenization of amorphous oxide thin-film transistor by wet O2 annealing (2008)

Roles of H2O addition to an annealing atmosphere were investigated for amorphous In–Ga–Zn–O thin-film transistors fabricated at room temperature. Although dry O2 annealing improved saturation mobility (μsat) and subthreshold voltage swings (S), wet O2 annealing further improved them to μsat∼12cm2(Vs)−1 and S&lt;0.12Vdecade−1 along with improvement of their uniformity. Desorption of OH-related species caused conductivity increase during thermal annealing at &lt;310°C. Zn–O components started to desorb at ∼300°C for the unannealed and the dry O2 annealed films, while these were suppressed remarkably by the wet O2 annealing.
Enantiocontrolled Route to Optically Pure Carvone Using Chiral Cyclohexa-2,5-dienone Synthon (1993)

Enantiocontrolled route to optically pure carvone has been developed by using a chiral synthon of cyclohexa-2,5-dienone.
Algorithmic approaches for efficient enumeration of candidate p-cycles and capacitated p-cycle network design (2004)

We develop and test an algorithmic approach for providing p-cycle survivable transport network designs. The basic approach is to first identify a set of primary p-cycles, then to search for improvements on those cycles through various operations to create a final set of cycles of high individual and collective efficiency, before finally placing one p-cycle at a time, iteratively, until all working capacity of the network is protected. We compare the solution quality of the algorithm to optimal designs obtained with ILP methods. The primary advantage of this algorithmic approach is that it entirely avoids the step of enumerating all cycles, which is a preliminary step in both ILP and heuristic solution methods based on preselection. This method proceeds initially with no more than S "primary" p-cycles, and in the worst case will enumerate no more than S/sup 2/-N other candidate cycles during its execution, where S is the number of spans in the network and N is the number of nodes. We also find that the set of candidate cycles developed by the algorithm can themselves be used as a quite small but highly effective set of eligible cycles in an ILP design model.
Data hiding via phase manipulation of audio signals (2004)

Data hiding in media, including images, video, and audio, and in data files is currently of great interest both commercially, mainly for the protection of copyrighted digital media, and to the government and law enforcement in the context of information system security and covert communications. We present a technique for inserting and recovering "hidden" data in audio files. The phase of chosen components of the host audio signal is manipulated in a way that may be detected by a receiver with the proper "key". Without the key, the hidden data is undetectable, both aurally and via blind digital signal processing attacks. The method described is both aurally transparent and robust and can be applied to both analog and digital audio signals, the latter including uncompressed as well as compressed audio file formats such as MP3.
Study on evaluation method for surface topography of polishing pad based on optical Fourier transform (2015)

We suggest that evaluation method of the polishing pad surface topography by optical technique based on optical Fourier transform. In our measurement system, intensity distribution of the diffraction light detected by the area CCD camera reflect the surface topography of the polishing pad. In this case, the incident light angles is a dominant parameter to detect the diffraction light from the several surface topographies formed by dressing process. The wavelength composition ratio (WCR)s were calculated by integration of the diffraction light intensity against the spatial wavelength of the polishing pad surface topography to quantify the surface topographies parameter of the polishing pad. As results, the high correlation coefficient between the WCRs and the material removal rate and erosion can be realized over 0.8 by optimizing incident light angle.
A Bottom-Gate Metal–Oxide Thin-Film Transistor With Self-Aligned Source/Drain Regions (2018)

Proper driving of a large-area, high-resolution, and high-frame-rate active-matrix display can be hindered by excessive delay along a signal path, such as a scan line. Depending on the transistor architecture, such delay could be dominated by the parasitic overlap capacitance between the gate electrodes and the source/drain (S/D) regions of the address-transistors attached to a scan line. While the capacitance can be minimized by employing a transistor with the edges of the regions self-aligned (SA) to those of the electrode, actual implementation is easier with a top-gate rather than the more commonly deployed bottom-gate architecture. Presently reported is the realization and characterization of a bottom-gate, SA indium-gallium-zinc oxide transistor. The extent of the overlap between the S/D and the gate is determined by a thermal “activation” process, similar to how it is controlled in a conventional top-gate, SA transistor.
microRNA Control of Lifespan and Metabolism (2006)

A family of small, noncoding RNAs, known as microRNAs, has recently emerged as sequence-specific regulators of gene expression. Hundreds of microRNAs have been identified in almost all metazoans genomes, but they are only beginning to be classified by functional roles. Here, we review microRNAs that have been shown to play roles in two closely related processes, lifespan and metabolic regulation. Understanding the metabolic and lifespan regulatory roles of these novel gene regulators will undoubtedly further our understanding of the complex genetic networks that control lifespan and metabolism, and will also provide us with novel targets for the therapeutic intervention of metabolic and age-related diseases.
Further characterization of the receptor-binding region of the thyroid-stimulating hormone alpha subunit: a comprehensive synthetic peptide study of the alpha-subunit 26-46 sequence. (1991)

Previously, using a synthetic peptide strategy, we determined that the region of the common glycoprotein hormone alpha subunit between residues 26 and 46 is a site of interaction of the hormone with the thyroid membrane-bound receptor for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). We have undertaken to identify further the specific residues within this 21-amino acid span that are critical in hormone receptor binding. We synthesized three nested sets of peptide, two in which we systematically truncated the amino-terminal region of the sequence and another in which we truncated the carboxyl-terminal region, and we synthesized a fourth nested set in which we systematically substituted alanine for the native residues from the region of highest activity. Each peptide was tested in a TSH radioreceptor assay for its ability to inhibit binding of 125I-labeled bovine TSH to porcine thyroid membranes. Removal either by truncation or alanine substitution, of several specific residues resulted in a significant reduction in the ability of the sequence to interact with receptor; these residues included Cys31, Cys32, Phe33, Arg35, Arg42, Lys44, and Lys45, suggesting that they are crucial for binding activity. Loss of activity also occurred with substitution for Gly30 and Ser34, but the reduction was less pronounced. Amino-terminal truncation of the sequence through Arg35 (leaving the alpha-subunit peptide 36-46) resulted in greater than 98% loss of activity of the sequence. We conclude that two distinct receptor binding regions lie within the alpha-subunit 26-46 sequence. The first lies between residues Gly30 and Arg35 and includes Cys31, Cys32, and Phe33 as important constituents, and the second region lies between residues Arg42 and Lys45 and includes Lys44 as an important residue and Ser43 as a less important component.
The Designation of Human Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy Products for Human Trials (2013)

Derivation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) from the in vitro fertilization (IVF) leftover embryos has brought a new era of cellular medicine for the heart [1-7]. The intrinsic ability of a hESC to both unlimited self-renew and differentiate into cardiac tissue elements makes it a practically inexhaustible source of replacement cells for the damaged heart. The hESC cardiac cell therapy derivatives are emerging as a new type of pharmacologic agent of cellular entity in cell-based regenerative medicine because they have direct pharmacologic utility and capacity for human myocardial tissue reconstitution and contractile function restoration that the conventional compound drug of molecular entity lacks [1-7]. Although a vast sum of government and private funding has been spent on looking for adult alternates, such as reprogramming and trans-differentiation of fibroblasts or mature tissues, so far, only human cardiac stem/precursor/ progenitor cells derived from embryo-originated hESCs have shown such cellular pharmacologic utility and capacity adequate for myocardium regeneration in pharmaceutical development of stem cell therapy for the damaged heart [1-7].
Quantification of myocardial blood flow using non-electrocardiogram-triggered MRI with three-slice coverage (2015)

We have developed a non-ECG-triggered quantitative perfusion imaging method. In this preliminary study, our results demonstrate that our method yields comparable MBF compared with the conventional ECG-triggered method and that it is feasible for stress imaging.
Studies on the elimination of .BETA.-lactoglobulin from whey using carboxymethyl cellulose cation exchanger. Effects of pH and desalting of whey on the fractionation of .BETA.-lactoglobulin. (1988)

CMCカラムを用いて牛乳ホエーからのβ-LGの除去を試み,次の知見を得た. (1) 牛乳ホエー中のβ-LGを効率的にCMCに吸着させ,除去するには,ホエーの脱塩が効果的であった.ホエーの処理量は,電導度指標での脱塩が80%程度の日撮大となったが,99%といった過度の脱塩は, β-LGのCMCへの選択的吸着性を弱めた. (2) β-LGのCMCへの選択的吸着性はホエーのpHの影響を受け, pH4.0以下,及び5.0以上では選択的吸着性が弱まった.また.至適pHは,ホエーの脱塩度によって異なった. (3) 脱塩度82%のホエーを, pH4.6としてCMCカラムに供したところ. CMCの約30倍量のβ-LG除去を画分と,高純度のβ-LG (CMC吸着)画分を得た.前者のβ-LG含量は,分画前の約1/4まで低下した.4種主要ホエータンパク質(Ig, BSA, α-LA, β-LG)に占める後者のβ-LG比は92.6%であった. (4) (3)に示したβ-LG除去画分は溶解性,熱安定性に優れていた. β-LG画分は,標品として用いた凍結乾燥β-LGとほぼ同等の溶解性,熱安定性を示し,変性がほとんど進行していないことが示唆された.本研究の概要は,第34回日本食品工業学会(1987,富山)において発表した.
Direct and Fast Determination of Uranium in Human Urine Samples by Laser-Induced Time-Resolved Spectrofluorometry (1991)

The determination of uranium as a toxic (chemically and radioactively) element in human urine is of major medical interest since metabolic models must be established in order to estimate the body burden of uranium in professionally exposed workers. Moreover, nuclear medical regulations require important controls of uranium, with levels determined, from workers' urine samples. Different methods have been and are still used to perform such measurements, namely: fluorescence on pellets, chromatography, counting techniques, neutron activation, and mass spectrometry. However, these different techniques are time consuming, and some of them require bulky equipment. Laser-Induced Time-Resolved Spectrofluorometry (LITRS) is a very sensitive technique for ultratrace determinations of uranium in solution and seemed appropriate for these analyses. This technique is based on laser excitation followed by temporal resolution of the fluorescence signal. The great advantages of this technique, aside from sensitivity, are its triple resolution (i.e., excitation, emission, and life-time) and its rapidity.