gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stabilization of internal-mirror He–Ne lasers (1986)

Simultaneous frequency and amplitude stabilization of a commercial internal-mirror He–Ne laser by a new simple method is reported. In this method, the back beam intensity of one polarization of the orthogonally polarized modes is fed back as a heater current to control the cavity length of the laser. The relative frequency stability and amplitude stability achieved are, respectively, ±2.5 × 10−9 and ±0.13% over a period of 1 h.
Ovarian markers of implantation potential in assisted reproduction (1998)

In-vitro fertilization provides evidence for the heterogeneity of human embryos; data from the UK indicating that approximately 90% of embryos selected for transfer fail to implant. The need to identify factors that promote implantation or markers of implantation is self-evident. There is an increasing awareness that the heterogeneity of follicles may have a significant impact on oocyte competence and embryo viability and that factors which contribute to the heterogeneity of follicles may provide markers of implantation in assisted conception. The markers of implantation described include the expression of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase by granulosa cells in vitro; adhesion and proliferation of cumulus cells in vitro; steroidogenic activity of cumulus in vitro and perifollicular vascularity and vascular endothelial growth factors bound to granulosa and cumulus cells. These factors may provide clinically useful markers of implantation potential.
Electrical Conductivity and Infrared Radiometry of Steam (1980)

Abstract : In-house laboratory independent research investigations of molecular clustering in water vapor included careful measurements of the electrical and infrared radiometric properties of steam and steam-humidified air. These measurements showed that 10 to the 6th power to 10 to the 7th power ions per cubic centimeter are present in steam or in steam-generated water vapor compared to 100 to 300 ions per cubic centimeter in water vapor under normal ambient conditions. These data, combined with infrared spectral observations of steam, are giving new insights into the understanding of the vapor-liquid phase transition in water. The results are important in meteorology, weather and climatology, and they have military implications.
Multispectral visible and infrared imaging for face recognition (2008)

Multispectral imaging in the visible and near infrared spectra helps reduce color variations in the face due to changes in illumination source types and directions. Thermal infrared imaging provides useful signatures of the face that is insensitive to ambient lighting through the measurement of heat energy radiated from the object. This paper introduces the use of multispectral imaging and thermal infrared imaging as alternative means to conventional broadband monochrome or color imaging sensors in order to enhance the performance of face recognition in uncontrolled illumination conditions.
A phase Ia/Ib trial of the DNA-dependent protein kinase inhibitor (DNA-PKi) M3814 in combination with radiotherapy in patients with advanced solid tumors. (2017)

e14048 Background: DNA-PK, with its protein subunits, Ku70 and Ku80, regulates one of the major pathways responsible for repair of double-strand breaks in DNA that are induced by radiotherapy (RT) and some chemotherapeutic agents (CT). Therefore, the combined strategy of RT with a DNA-PKi is promising. The purpose of this phase I trial is to explore the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetic (PK) profile, and clinical activity of M3814 administered together with RT and chemo-RT (CRT). Methods: Patients (pts) with tumors or metastasis in the head and neck region or thorax in need of palliative RT (10 x 3 Gy) are eligible for the dose escalation part Ia, with a starting dose of 100 mg once daily. Dose escalation decisions are aided by the Bayesian logistic regression model with overdose control. Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) is evaluated up to 3 weeks after RT. Rich PK sampling is taken during treatment. Tumor evaluation is performed every 6 weeks up to 6 months and every third month thereafter. Results: As of January 2017, 7 pts had been enrolled into the part Ia dose escalation arm and treated with 100 mg daily. The most frequent adverse events (AEs) were fatigue, constipation, decreased appetite, dry mouth, dysphagia, headache, oral pain, radiation skin injury, and mucositis in more than 1 pt (20%). No pts discontinued due to AE. Two episodes of grade 3 mucositis lasting > 7 days were reported; one of these was classified as a DLT, and both pts recovered without sequelae. Two of 7 pts enrolled had local tumor control at +300 days. PK analysis demonstrated high exposure variability. Conclusions: M3814 at the 100 mg daily dose was tolerable as palliative treatment and dose escalation is currently at 200 mg. In part Ib of the study, two separate dose escalation arms will enroll pts with either head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCCHN; US only) or non-small cell lung cancer (EU and US) to receive CRT 2 Gy x 30-35 over 6-7 weeks with curative intent; the SCCHN cohort is now open for enrollment. For these two cohorts, the DLT window will be 12 weeks. Clinical trial information: NCT02516813.
CD4 <sup>+</sup> T-Lymphocytes and Interleukin-5 Mediate Antigen-induced Eosinophil Infiltration into the Mouse Trachea (1992)

In order to determine the role of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells and of interleukin-5 (IL-5) in causing antigen-induced eosinophil infiltration into the site of airway late-phase reaction, we examined the effect of the in vivo depletion of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells on the eosinophil infiltration of the trachea induced by antigen inhalation in mice. We also studied the effect of anti-murine IL-5 monoclonal antibody (mAb) on the antigen-induced eosinophil infiltration in the trachea. The eosinophil infiltration into the trachea of ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized BALB/c mice began to increase 9 h after OVA inhalation and persisted for more than 48 h. The in vivo depletion of CD4+ T-cells by pretreatment with anti-L3T4 mAb significantly decreased the eosinophil infiltration induced by OVA inhalation in the trachea of sensitized mice. However, the in vivo depletion of CD8+ T-cells by pretreatment with anti-Lyt-2 mAb had no significant effect on OVA-induced eosinophil infiltration in the trachea. Pretreatment with anti-murine IL-5 mAb also decreased OVA-induced eosinophil infiltration in the trachea. In contrast, neither disodium cromoglycate nor a selective antagonist for platelet-activating factor CV-6209 decreased OVA-induced airway eosinophilia in the mouse. Our results provide direct evidence that CD4+ but not CD8+ T-cells mediate antigen-induced eosinophil recruitment in the airways and that IL-5 mediates this eosinophil recruitment.
Real-time blood analysis using coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering (2008)

We demonstrate a real-time method of blood analysis. Using a novel coherent Raman technique we record the vibrational spectrum from picoliters of whole blood in milliseconds. This method will allow real-time, in vivo, blood monitoring.
Block-copolymer of Polyethylene Glycol and Polylysine as a Carrier of Organic Iodine: Design of Long-circulating Particulate Contrast Medium for X-ray Computed Tomography (1997)

In order to obtain small, polymer-stabilized particulate carriers for organic iodine to serve as a contrast agent for X-ray computed tomography (CT) an attempt was made to design a carrier based on polymeric micelles. Here we describe the synthesis of an iodine-containing amphiphilic block-copolymer which can micellize in aqueous solutions. The two blocks of the copolymer consisted of methoxypoly(ethyleneglycol) and poly[epsilon,N-(triiodobenzoyl)-L-lysine]. Upon dispersion in water, the block copolymer formed particles with average diameter 80 nm and iodine content up to 44.7%. The particles start to dissociate to the individual polymeric chains in the concentration range of 0.05-0.5 microM in water at 23 degrees C. Upon intravenous injection at 250 mg of iodine/kg (570 mg of the agent/kg) in rabbits the medium demonstrated exceptional 24 hr half-life in the blood substantiating corona/core structure of the particles with PEG chains protecting the iodine-containing core. The possible use of these particulates as contrast medium for X-ray computed tomography is discussed.
Diffusion processes in vitreous silica revisited (2007)

We analyzed extensive literature data on crystal growth rate, u, viscosity, eta, and diffusivities of silicon and oxygen at deep and low undercoolings, between the glass transition, Tg, and the melting point, Tm, for four types of commercial silica glasses and thin films. The self-diffusion coefficients, Du, and the viscosity, Deta, in this network glass are extremely dependent on the impurity level, much more than in multi-component, depolymerized, silicate glasses. Despite this drawback, we combined such kinetics data in a systematic way and confirmed that normal growth is the operative mechanism of crystal growth. Then the effective diffusivity for viscous flow, Deta, and the controlling activation energy were compared with the activation energies and diffusivities calculated from crystal growth rates, Du, and with those of silicon and oxygen diffusion rates (DSi and DO, respectively). In the whole temperature range Du = Deta = DSi, but measured oxygen diffusivities were much higher than Du = Deta = DSi. We speculate that this fact can be explained because non-bridging oxygen diffuse much faster than bridging oxygen (more easily measured experimentally); or perhaps Si and bridging oxygen do not diffuse together. In addition, there is no sign of decoupling between silicon diffusivity and viscous flow from near the melting point to somewhat below Tg. We thus conclude that silicon controls the transport mechanism involved in crystal growth and viscous flow in this glass. The congruence of Du and Deta indicates that whatever the bond breaking and molecular reorientation mechanisms required for crystallization are, they are the same as those required for the atomic transport mechanism that controls viscous flow
Full-bandwidth adaptive waveform inversion at the reservoir (2017)

Adaptive waveform inversion (AWI) is one of a new breed of full-waveform inversion (FWI) algorithms that seek to mitigate the effects of cycle skipping (Warner & Guasch, 2016). The phenomenon of cycle skipping is inherent to the classical formulation of FWI, owing to the manner in which it tries to minimize the difference between oscillatory signals. AWI avoids this by instead seeking to drive the ratio of the Fourier transform of the same signals to unity. One of the strategies most widely employed by FWI practitioners when trying to overcome cycle skipping, is to introduce progressively the more nonlinear components of the data, referred to as multiscale inversion. Since AWI is insensitive to cycle skipping, we assess here whether this multiscale approach still provides an appropriate strategy for AWI. Presentation Date: Tuesday, September 26, 2017 Start Time: 3:05 PM Location: 361F Presentation Type: ORAL
Automatic Identification of Participants in Haptic Systems (2006)

Biometric systems identify of users based on behavioral or physiological characteristics. This paper explores the feasibility of automatically identifying participants in haptic systems. Such a biometric system would lead to important and interesting applications such as continuous authentication in tele-operation. In order to test this feasibility, we designed a haptic system in which position, velocity, force and torque data from the tool was continuously measured and stored. Using this system, users navigated a simple maze where the user generates a continuous path from start to finish. Subsequently, several algorithms were developed to extract characteristic biometric features from the measured data. A 78.8% probability of verification was observed for data from trained users. Overall, the paper suggests the possibility of extracting identity information in a real world haptic system
Clinical significance of L-type amino acid transporter 1 expression as a prognostic marker and potential of new targeting therapy in biliary tract cancer (2013)

High expression of LAT1 is a promising pathological marker to predict the outcome in patients with biliary tract adenocarcinoma. Inhibition of LAT1 may be an effective targeted therapy for this distressing disease.
Concise Software Identification Tags (2023)

ISO/IEC 19770-2:2015 Software Identification (SWID) tags provide an
extensible XML-based structure to identify and describe individual
software components, patches, and installation bundles. SWID tag
representations can be too large for devices with network and storage
constraints. This document defines a concise representation of SWID
tags: Concise SWID (CoSWID) tags. CoSWID supports the same features as
SWID tags, as well as additional semantics that allow CoSWIDs to
describe additional types of information, all in a more memory
efficient format.
Protector: A Probabilistic Failure Detector for Cost-Effective Peer-to-Peer Storage (2010)

Maintaining a given level of data redundancy is a fundamental requirement of peer-to-peer (P2P) storage systems—to ensure desired data availability, additional replicas must be created when peers fail. Since the majority of failures in P2P networks are transient (i.e., peers return with data intact), an intelligent system can reduce significant replication costs by not replicating data following transient failures. Reliably distinguishing permanent and transient failures, however, is a challenging task, because peers are unresponsive to probes in both cases. In this paper, we propose Protector, an algorithm that enables efficient replication policies by estimating the number of “remaining replicas” for each object, including those temporarily unavailable due to transient failures. Protector dramatically improves detection accuracy by exploiting two opportunities. First, it leverages failure patterns to predict the likelihood that a peer (and the data it hosts) has permanently failed given its current downtime. Second, it detects replication level across groups of replicas (or fragments), thereby balancing false positives for some peers against false negatives for others. Extensive simulations based on both synthetic and real traces show that Protector closely approximates the performance of a perfect “oracle” failure detector, and significantly outperforms time-out-based detectors using a wide range of parameters. Finally, we design, implement and deploy an efficient P2P storage system called AmazingStore by combining Protector with structured P2P overlays. Our experience proves that Protector enables efficient long-term data maintenance in P2P storage systems.
The effectiveness of ICA-based representation: Application to speech feature extraction for noise robust speaker recognition (2006)

In this paper, we present a mathematical derivation demonstrating that feature representation obtained by us-ing the Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is an ef-fective representation for non-Gaussian signals when being both clean and corrupted by Gaussian noise. Our findings are experimentally demonstrated by employing the ICA for speech feature extraction; specifically, the ICA is used to transform the logarithm filter-bank-energies (instead of the DCT which provides MFCC features). The evaluation is pre-sented for a GMM-based speaker identification task on the TIMIT database for clean speech and speech corrupted by white noise. The effectiveness of ICA is analysed individu-ally for signals corresponding to each phoneme. The experi-mental results show that the ICA-based features can provide significantly better performance than traditional MFCCs and PCA-based features in both clean and noisy speech. 1.
Microfluidic-enhanced 3D bioprinting of aligned myoblast-laden hydrogels leads to functionally organized myofibers in vitro and in vivo (2017)

We present a new strategy for the fabrication of artificial skeletal muscle tissue with functional morphologies based on an innovative 3D bioprinting approach. The methodology is based on a microfluidic printing head coupled to a co-axial needle extruder for high-resolution 3D bioprinting of hydrogel fibers laden with muscle precursor cells (C2C12). To promote myogenic differentiation, we formulated a tailored bioink with a photocurable semi-synthetic biopolymer (PEG-Fibrinogen) encapsulating cells into 3D constructs composed of aligned hydrogel fibers. After 3-5 days of culture, the encapsulated myoblasts started migrating and fusing, forming multinucleated myotubes within the 3D bioprinted fibers. The obtained myotubes showed high degree of alignment along the direction of hydrogel fiber deposition, further revealing maturation, sarcomerogenesis, and functionality. Following subcutaneous implantation in the back of immunocompromised mice, bioprinted constructs generated organized artificial muscle tissue in vivo. Finally, we demonstrate that our microfluidic printing head allows to design three dimensional multi-cellular assemblies with an exquisite compartmentalization of the encapsulated cells. Our results demonstrate an enhanced myogenic differentiation with the formation of parallel aligned long-range myotubes. The approach that we report here represents a robust and valid candidate for the fabrication of macroscopic artificial muscle to scale up skeletal muscle tissue engineering for human clinical application.
Dedice e katagrafaí dal santuraio frigio di Apollo Lairbenos: 2324 (2000)

We reported the fabrication and characterization of microfluidic platform that can generate time-varying concentrations of fluorescein with arbitrary waveforms. We envision that this platform will enable a wide range of biological studies, where time-varying soluble factor concentrations play a critical role. In addition, the technology is expected to assist in the development of biomedical devices that allow precise dosing of pharmaceuticals for enhanced therapeutic efficacy and reduced toxicity.
Pharmacological analysis of heartbeat in <i>Drosophila</i> (1995)

Analysis of the mechanisms underlying cardiac excitability can be facilitated greatly by mutations that disrupt ion channels and receptors involved in this excitability. With an extensive repertoire of such mutations, Drosophila provides the best available genetic model for these studies. However, the use of Drosophila for this purpose has been severely handicapped by lack of a suitable preparation of heart and a complete lack of knowledge about the ionic currents that underlie its excitability. We describe a simple preparation to measure heartbeat in Drosophila. This preparation was used to ask if heartbeat in Drosophila is myogenic in origin, and to determine the types of ion channels involved in influencing the heart rate. Tetrodotoxin, even at a high concentration of 40 microM, did not affect heart rate, indicating that heartbeat may be myogenic in origin and that it may not be determined by Na+ channels. Heart rate was affected by PN200-110, verapamil, and diltiazem, which block vertebrate L-type Ca2+ channels. Thus, L-type channels, which contribute to the prolonged plateau of action potentials in vertebrate heart, may play a role in Drosophila cardiac excitability. It also suggests that Drosophila heart is subject to a similar intervention by organic Ca2+ channel blockers as the vertebrate heart. A role for K+ currents in the function of Drosophila heart was suggested by an effect of tetraethylammonium, which blocks all the four identified K+ currents in the larval body wall muscles, and quinidine, which blocks the delayed rectifier K+ current in these muscles. The preparation described here also provides an extremely simple method for identifying mutations that affect heart rate. Such mutations and pharmacological agents will be very useful for analyzing molecular components of cardiac excitability in Drosophila.
Proposing Individualization of the design of cryptographic hardware accelerators as countermeasure against structure and side channel analysis. (2014)

Side channel and fault attacks take advantage from the fact that the behavior of crypto implementations can be observed and provide hints that simplify revealing keys. These attacks are normally prepared by analyzing devices that are identical to the real target. Here we propose to individualize the design of cryptographic devices in order to prevent attacks that use identical devices. We implemented three different designs that provide exactly the same cryptographic function, i.e. an ECC kP multiplication. The synthesis and power simulation results show clear differences in the area consumed as well as in the power traces. We envision that this type of protection mechanism is relevant e.g. for wireless sensor networks from which devices can easily be stolen for further analysis in the lab. Keywords— cryptographic hardware architectures, security processors, countermeasures against side-channel attacks
Optimization of Controlled Jets in Crossflow (2006)

The controlled acoustical excitation of a round gas jet injected transversely into crossflow, is studied. Use of an open-loop, or feedforward, controller in the experiments allowed for straightforward comparisons to be made among jet responses to different conditions of acoustic excitation of jet fluid. It was found that, for a variety of excitation frequencies, optimal temporal pulse widths during square wave excitation produced clear and distinctly rolled-up vortical structures as well as increased jet penetration into the crossflow forjet-to-crossflow velocity ratios of 2.6 and 4.0. In some cases, application of forcing frequencies corresponding to subharmonics of the upstream shear layer mode for the unforced transverse jet also produced increased jet penetration, coincident with deeply penetrating, distinct vortical structures in the jet. In other instances, merely exciting at the optimal pulse width and at a low excitation frequency (in comparison to the unforced transverse jet shear layer frequency) yielded the best jet penetration and spread. These results on optimization may be interpreted in terms of a universal timescale associated with vortex ring formation and propagation.
Seed 1-Cysteine Peroxiredoxin Antioxidants Are Not Involved in Dormancy, But Contribute to Inhibition of Germination during Stress (2003)

Peroxiredoxins (Prx) are thiol-dependent antioxidants containing one (1-cysteine [-Cys]) or two (2-Cys) conserved Cys residues that protect lipids, enzymes, and DNA against reactive oxygen species. In plants, the 1-Cys Prxs are highly expressed during late seed development, and the expression pattern is dormancy related in mature seeds. We have expressed the Arabidopsis 1-Cys Prx AtPER1 in Escherichia coli and show that this protein has antioxidant activity in vitro and protects E. coli in vivo against the toxic oxidant cumene hydroperoxide. Although some 1-Cys Prxs are targeted to the nucleus, a green fluorescent protein-AtPER1 fusion protein was also localized to the cytoplasm in an onion epidermis subcellular localization assay. It has been proposed that seed Prxs are involved in maintenance of dormancy and/or protect the embryo and aleurone layer surviving desiccation against damage caused by reactive oxygen species. These hypotheses were tested using transgenic Arabidopsis lines overexpressing the barley (Hordeum vulgare) 1-Cys PER1 protein and lines with reduced levels of AtPER1 due to antisensing or RNA interference. We found no correlation between Prx levels and the duration of the after-ripening period required before germination. Thus, Prxs are unlikely to contribute to maintenance of dormancy. RNA interference lines almost devoid of AtPER1 protein developed and germinated normally under standard growth room conditions. However, seeds from lines overexpressing PER1 were less inclined to germinate than wild-type seeds in the presence of NaCl, mannitol, and methyl viologen, suggesting that Prx can sense harsh environmental surroundings and play a part in the inhibition of germination under unfavorable conditions.