gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Compressed progressive meshes (2000)

Most systems that support visual interaction with 3D models use shape representations based on triangle meshes. The size of these representations imposes limits on applications for which complex 3D models must be accessed remotely. Techniques for simplifying and compressing 3D models reduce the transmission time. Multiresolution formats provide quick access to a crude model and then refine it progressively. Unfortunately, compared to the best nonprogressive compression methods, previously proposed progressive refinement techniques impose a significant overhead when the full resolution model must be downloaded. The CPM (compressed progressive meshes) approach proposed here eliminates this overhead. It uses a new technique, which refines the topology of the mesh in batches, which each increase the number of vertices by up to 50 percent. Less than an amortized total of 4 bits per triangle encode where and how the topological refinements should be applied. We estimate the position of new vertices from the positions of their topological neighbors in the less refined mesh using a new estimator that leads to representations of vertex coordinates that are 50 percent more compact than previously reported progressive geometry compression techniques.
Historical change in the bird fauna of western New South Wales: ecological patterns and conservation implications (1994)

An assessment was made of historical change in the native bird fauna of the Western Division of New South Wales. Change has been more extensive than is generally recognized. It was concluded that 103 native bird species and subspecies (35% of the total) have decreased since European settlement and 83 (29%) have increased, while 105 (36%) have shown no consistent overall trend. The most pronounced changes have involved 20 decreasers and eight increasers, including six species that are now presumed extinct in the Division, five species that now occur only as rare vagrants, and four recent colonists. Overall, more birds have decreased in the semi-arid zone of the Division than in the arid zone, and more in mallee scrub and eucalypt woodland than in other vegetation types, due largely to the pattern of vegetation clearing in the Division. Other factors (overgrazing, introduced predators and, for some species, reduced prey populations) are implicated in the major declines and these have been more evenly distributed in relation to climatic zones and vegetation types. Marked features of the decreasers are an over-representation of Australian endemics, residents, woodland and scrub birds, tree and shrub nesters, and birds with a clutch size of only one or two. Specific features of the major decreasers are an over-representation of non-passerines, birds restricted to a single vegetation type, ground foragers and ground nesters. The increasers include many wetland birds that have benefitted from the creation of additional permanent wetlands in the Division. Among the terrestrial increasers, there is an over-representation of birds of open vegetation, ground foragers and regular drinkers. Factors responsible for past avifaunal change continue to operate, and new threats have arisen. Effective conservation of the bird fauna will require not only further reserves, but also active management both on and off reserves. Prerequisites for success are a better understanding of the processes of change, and greater co-operation among land managers.
Novel multioscillator approach to the problem of locking in two-mode ring-laser gyros (1978)

We show theoretically that ring-laser locking between counterrunning waves can be avoided by an internally generated dither effect. Specifically, a barely oscillating detuned mode pair dithers the primary mode pair through coupling in the nonlinear medium. Experimental evidence supporting this result is presented.
Determination and phylogenetic analysis of partial sequences from TT virus isolates. (1999)

Sera from French in-patients were tested for the presence of the TT virus (TTV) genome using PCR and degenerate primers located in ORF1. Thirty-six sequences were determined and compared with those deposited in databases, revealing a high degree of genetic variability between TTV isolates (up to 47% for amino acid sequences). Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the existence of three main groups corresponding to the previously described genotypes 1 and 2 and to a new genotype 3. Isolates could be assigned to distinct genotypes if their genetic distance was > 27%. No comparable genetic criteria were found for the definition of sub-types in the region studied. A 15-31 month follow-up of three haemodialysis patients proved the existence of chronic infection by TTV. In one patient, two strains belonging to different genotypes were detected at the same time. Sequences of both ORF1 and ORF2 remained unchanged for a given strain during the follow-up.
Transgenic overexpression of furin increases epileptic susceptibility (2018)

The proprotein convertase Furin plays crucial roles in the pathology of many diseases. However, the specific role of furin in epilepsy remains unclear. In our study, furin protein was increased in the temporal neocortex of epileptic patients and in the hippocampus and cortex of epileptic mice. The furin transgenic (TG) mice showed increased susceptibility to epilepsy and heightened epileptic activity compared with wild-type (WT) mice. Conversely, lentivirus-mediated knockdown of furin restrained epileptic activity. Using whole-cell patch clamp, furin knockdown and overexpression influenced neuronal inhibitory by regulating postsynaptic gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor (GABA<sub>A</sub>R)-mediated synaptic transmission. Importantly, furin influenced the expression of GABA<sub>A</sub>R β2/3 membrane and total protein in epileptic mice by changing transcription level of GABA<sub>A</sub>R β2/3, not the protein degradation. These results reveal that furin may regulate GABA<sub>A</sub>R-mediated inhibitory synaptic transmission by altering the transcription of GABA<sub>A</sub>R β2/3 subunits in epilepsy; this finding could provide new insight into epilepsy prevention and treatment.
Analysis of Severe Injuries Associated with Volleyball Activities (1987)

In brief: Volleyball has rarely been studied with regard to injuries. However, recent identification of severe knee injuries incurred as a result of participation in volleyball has prompted an investigation of injuries associated with this sport. Among 7,490 persons referred to a major metropolitan outpatient sports medicine clinic for rehabilitation, 106 were treated for injuries related to volleyball. Nearly 90% of the injuries were concentrated in the lower extremities. In particular, knee injuries accounted for 59% of the injuries in both males and females, while ankle injuries accounted for 22% and 24%, respectively. The mechanism of jumping, landing, and twisting upon impact with the ground or floor was associated with 63% of all the injuries, including 61% of the knee injuries and 92% of the ankle injuries. The costs associated with these injuries indicate a significant problem. Directions for future research are identified so that the most appropriate strategies for prevention and control can be d...
The Mechanics of solder alloy interconnects (1993)

Foreword Acknowldgement Introduction: the mechanics of soldere alloy interconnect Microstructural influences on the mechanical properties of solder Interfaces and intermetallics Constitutivemodels Prediction of solder joint geometry Life prediction and accelerated testing Thermomechanical modeling of solder joints - numerical considerations Applications - through-hole Surface mount solder joints under thermal, mechanical, and vibration conditions Index
Isolation of DNA from DNA/anti-DNA antibody immune complexes in systemic lupus erythematosus. (1981)

A low molecular weight DNA fragment was isolated from DNA/anti-DNA antibody immune complexes found in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Total sera were treated with 40% saturated ammonium sulfate to isolate gamma-globulin fraction and phenolized to partition proteins and nucleic acids. After being treated with RNAase, the sample was labeled at the 5' end with 32P-phosphate and electrophoresed in an 8% polyacrylamide gel, which was dried and autoradiographed. The sample that migrated at positions of molecular weight between 20,000 and 28,000 was susceptible to DNAase I but resistant to S1-nuclease. The data suggest that the immune complexes of SLE patients contain double-stranded DNA with 30 to 40 base pairs.
Soluble Notch ligand and receptor peptides act antagonistically during angiogenesis (2015)

The minimal binding domains of Notch ligands are sufficient to interfere with Notch signalling. The corresponding soluble Notch1 EGF11-13 peptide binds stronger to inhibitory Notch ligands and thereby promotes Notch signalling in endothelial cells.
Role of Aldehyde Oxidase in the Hepatic in Vitro Metabolism of 3-Methylindole in Pigs (2000)

The metabolism of 3-hydroxy-3-methylindolenine (HMI), a recently discovered metabolite of 3-methylindole (3MI, skatole) produced by porcine liver microsomes, was investigated in vitro using porcine liver cytosol. HMI was rapidly metabolized to a single product, 3-hydroxy-3-methyloxindole (HMOI), by porcine cytosol. By the use of the selective inhibitors menadione and quinacrine, it was shown that the enzyme responsible for the oxidation of HMI into HMOI was aldehyde oxidase (AO; aldehyde:oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.2.3.1). The activity of AO in the conversion of HMI to HMOI was measured in a population of pigs (n = 30) with a wide range of 3MI levels in back fat (0.07-0.30 mg/kg). AO activity was found to be negatively correlated (r = -0.70; P < 0.001) with the level of 3MI in fat. The results of the present study suggest that AO plays an important role in the metabolism of 3MI in the pig and that its catalytic activity is related to an adequate 3MI clearance.
Development of an algorithm using ultrasonography-assisted peripheral intravenous catheter placement for reducing catheter failure (2020)

Up to 50% peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVs) are removed prematurely because of failures. Catheter failure (CF) leads to replacement and is a great concern for patients and medical staff. It is known that visualization of catheters and vessels with ultrasonography (US) during placement prevents CF. However, US is not a common technique for general nurses. In order to standardize US-assisted PIV placement techniques, an algorithm is needed. This study aimed to develop an algorithm using US-assisted PIV placement to reduce CF rate. Furthermore, to evaluate the effectiveness of the algorithm, CF rates were compared before and after intervention. A pretest-posttest study was performed. The intervention was PIV placement by 23 nurses undergoing training sessions for the algorithm. Intention to treat, per protocol analyses were applied. Logistic regression analysis was used for factor analysis. The CF rate in the pre-intervention group 35.2% (19/54) did not significantly differ from post-intervention group 33.6% (48/143) (p = 0.831), yet significantly differ from complete algorithm-use group 8.7% (2/23; p = 0.017). In factor analysis, compliance to the algorithm was significantly correlated with CF (p = 0.032). The compliance rate was low 16.1% (23/143). Algorithm compliance reduced CF by confirming appropriate catheter tip position from the insertion to the securement phase. This algorithm effectively reduced CF, however, the compliance rate was unacceptable. In order to increase the compliance rate, modified algorithm and new visualizing technology is required.
New Dredging Technology for Inlets and Beaches: Move Sand to the Pump (1991)

Conventional dredging for channel maintenance and 'mining' of offshore sand for beach restoration and renourishment 'moves the pump to the sand'. The new technology of fluidization 'moves the sand to the pump'. The fluidized sand/water slurry flows down a gentle slope to a mid-point where it is easily pumped to a nearby eroded beach - a form of sand bypassing. Beachface dewatering (the 'reverse' of fluidization) works by pumping water out of filter-covered slotted pipes buried parallel to the beach strandline. Down-drift beaches are not harmed, as the newly widened beach sheds sand continually to 'feed' downdrift beaches. A new method for underwater pipe burial has been developed and field-tested - fluidized self-burial using 'pull-down' with earth anchors. Annualized costs over a 20-30 year period are about half that of conventional methods.
Human computation (2011)

The rapid growth of human computation within research and industry has produced many novel ideas aimed at organizing web users to do great things. However, the growth is not adequately supported by a framework with which to understand each new system in the context of the old. We classify human computation systems to help identify parallels between different systems and reveal "holes" in the existing work as opportunities for new research. Since human computation is often confused with "crowdsourcing" and other terms, we explore the position of human computation with respect to these related topics.
A Meta-Analysis of Cognitive Impairment and Decline Associated with Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Women with Breast Cancer (2015)

A meta-analysis was performed to quantify the magnitude and nature of the association between adjuvant chemotherapy and performance on a range of cognitive domains among breast cancer patients. A total of 27 studies (14 cross-sectional, 8 both cross-sectional and prospective, and 5 prospective) were included in the analyses, involving 1562 breast cancer patients who had undergone adjuvant chemotherapy and 2799 controls that included breast cancer patients who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy. A total of 737 effect sizes (Cohen's d) were calculated for cross-sectional and prospective longitudinal studies separately and classified into eight cognitive domains. The mean effect sizes varied across cross-sectional and prospective longitudinal studies (ranging from -1.12 to 0.62 and -0.29 to 1.12, respectively). Each cognitive domain produced small effect sizes for cross-sectional and prospective longitudinal studies (ranging from -0.25 to 0.41). Results from cross-sectional studies indicated a significant association between adjuvant chemotherapy and cognitive impairment that held across studies with varied methodological approaches. For prospective studies, results generally indicated that cognitive functioning improved over time after receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. Greater cognitive impairment was reported in cross-sectional studies comparing chemotherapy groups with healthy control groups. Results suggested that cognitive impairment is present among breast cancer patients irrespective of a history of chemotherapy. Prospective longitudinal research is warranted to examine the degree and persisting nature of cognitive impairment present both before and after chemotherapy, with comparisons made to participants' cognitive function prior to diagnosis. Accurate understanding of the effects of chemotherapy is essential to enable informed decisions regarding treatment and to improve quality of life among breast cancer patients.
Re(I) NHC Complexes for Electrocatalytic Conversion of CO<sub>2</sub> (2016)

The modular construction of ligands around an N-heterocyclic carbene building block represents a flexible synthetic strategy for tuning the electronic properties of metal complexes. Herein, methylbenzimidazolium-pyridine and methylbenzimidazolium-pyrimidine proligands are constructed in high yield using recently established transition-metal-free techniques. Subsequent chelation to ReCl(CO)5 furnishes ReCl(N-methyl-N'-2-pyridylbenzimidazol-2-ylidine)(CO)3 and ReCl(N-methyl-N'-2-pyrimidylbenzimidazol-2-ylidine)(CO)3. These Re(I) NHC complexes are shown to be capable of mediating the two-electron conversion of CO2 following one-electron reduction; the Faradaic efficiency for CO formation is observed to be >60% with minor H2 and HCO2H production. Data from cyclic voltammetry is presented and compared to well-studied ReCl(2,2'-bipyridine)(CO)3 and MnBr(2,2'-bipyridine)(CO)3 systems. Results from density functional theory computations, infrared spectroelectrochemistry, and chemical reductions are also discussed.
Airway and Lung Pathology Due to Mucosal Surface Dehydration in β-Epithelial Na+ Channel-Overexpressing Mice: Role of TNF-α and IL-4Rα Signaling, Influence of Neonatal Development, and Limited Efficacy of Glucocorticoid Treatment (2009)

Overexpression of the epithelial Na(+) channel beta subunit (Scnn1b gene, betaENaC protein) in transgenic (Tg) mouse airways dehydrates mucosal surfaces, producing mucus obstruction, inflammation, and neonatal mortality. Airway inflammation includes macrophage activation, neutrophil and eosinophil recruitment, and elevated KC, TNF-alpha, and chitinase levels. These changes recapitulate aspects of complex human obstructive airway diseases, but their molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. We used genetic and pharmacologic approaches to identify pathways relevant to the development of Scnn1b-Tg mouse lung pathology. Genetic deletion of TNF-alpha or its receptor, TNFR1, had no measurable effect on the phenotype. Deletion of IL-4Ralpha abolished transient mucous secretory cell (MuSC) abundance and eosinophilia normally observed in neonatal wild-type mice. Similarly, IL-4Ralpha deficiency decreased MuSC and eosinophils in neonatal Scnn1b-Tg mice, which correlated with improved neonatal survival. However, chronic lung pathology in adult Scnn1b-Tg mice was not affected by IL-4Ralpha status. Prednisolone treatment ablated eosinophilia and MuSC in adult Scnn1b-Tg mice, but did not decrease mucus plugging or neutrophilia. These studies demonstrate that: 1) normal neonatal mouse airway development entails an IL-4Ralpha-dependent, transient abundance of MuSC and eosinophils; 2) absence of IL-4Ralpha improved neonatal survival of Scnn1b-Tg mice, likely reflecting decreased formation of asphyxiating mucus plugs; and 3) in Scnn1b-Tg mice, neutrophilia, mucus obstruction, and airspace enlargement are IL-4Ralpha- and TNF-alpha-independent, and only MuSC and eosinophilia are sensitive to glucocorticoids. Thus, manipulation of multiple pathways will likely be required to treat the complex pathogenesis caused by airway surface dehydration.
Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Biocide Action against <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> Biofilms (2010)

The dynamic antimicrobial action of chlorine, a quaternary ammonium compound, glutaraldehyde, and nisin within biofilm cell clusters of Staphylococcus epidermidis was investigated using time-lapse confocal scanning laser microscopy. The technique allowed for the simultaneous imaging of changes in biofilm structure and disruption of cellular membrane integrity through the loss of an unbound fluorophore loaded into bacterial cells prior to antimicrobial challenge. Each of the four antimicrobial agents produced distinct spatial and temporal patterns of fluorescence loss. The antimicrobial action of chlorine was localized around the periphery of biofilm cell clusters. Chlorine was the only antimicrobial agent that caused any biofilm removal. Treatment with the quaternary ammonium compound caused membrane permeabilization that started at the periphery of cell clusters, then migrated steadily inward. A secondary pattern superimposed on the penetration dynamic suggested a subpopulation of less-susceptible cells. These bacteria lost fluorescence much more slowly than the majority of the population. Nisin caused a rapid and uniform loss of green fluorescence from all parts of the biofilm without any removal of biofilm. Glutaraldehyde caused no biofilm removal and also no loss of membrane integrity. Measurements of biocide penetration and action time at the center of cell clusters yielded 46 min for 10 mg liter(-1) chlorine, 21 min for 50 mg liter(-1) chlorine, 25 min for the quaternary ammonium compound, and 4 min for nisin. These results underscore the distinction between biofilm removal and killing and reinforce the critical role of biocide reactivity in determining the rate of biofilm penetration.
Price Isn't Everything (1993)

A comparison of Fedwire, CHIPS, and GlobeSet payment services for 24-hour global markets, emphasizing the constraining influence of the Federal Reserve's monetary policy responsibilities on Fedwire's market share.
PIDS: a privacy intrusion detection system (2004)

It is well‐known that the primary threat against misuse of private data about individuals is present within the organisation; proposes a system that uses intrusion detection system (IDS) technologies to help safeguard such private information. Current IDSs attempt to detect intrusions on a low level whereas the proposed privacy IDS (PIDS) attempts to detect intrusions on a higher level. Contains information about information privacy and privacy‐enhancing technologies, the role that a current IDS could play in a privacy system, and a framework for a privacy IDS. The system works by identifying anomalous behaviour and reacts by throttling access to the data and/or issuing reports. It is assumed that the private information is stored in a central networked repository. Uses the proposed PIDS on the border between this repository and the rest of the organisation to identify attempts to misuse such information. A practical prototype of the system needs to be implemented in order to determine and test the practical feasibility of the system. Provides a source of information and guidelines on how to implement a privacy IDS based on existing IDSs.
N-Formylsaccharin: A New Formylating Agent (2011)

N-Formylsaccharin, a very cheap reagent, has been revealed to be an efficient and chemoselective formylating agent of amines.
Low-temperature stress and photoperiod affect an increased tolerance to photoinhibition in <i>Pinus banksiana</i> seedlings (1995)

The capacity to develop tolerance to photoinhibition of photosynthesis was assessed in jack pine seedlings (Pinus banksiana Lamb.). Photoinhibition induced at 5 °C in control jack pine seedlings grown at 20 °C was saturated above an irradiance of 1000 μmol ∙ m −2 ∙ s −1 but was detectable at an irradiance as low as 25 μmol ∙ m −2 ∙ s −1 . However, 20 °C seedlings shifted to 5 °C were 2-fold more tolerant to photoinhibition than 20 °C unshifted control seedlings, as detected by either the light-dependent decrease in photochemical efficiency or the apparent quantum yield of O 2 evolution. The extent of this tolerance of photoinhibition was dependent upon time, photoperiod, and irradiance during exposure to the low-temperature shift. Furthermore, the tolerance of photoinhibition was correlated with anthocyanin accumulation in 20 °C grown seedlings shifted to 5 °C. In addition, seedlings shifted to 5 °C and an 8-h photoperiod exhibited a 2-fold higher yield of photosystem II electron transport, which was associated with an increased capacity to keep Q A , the first stable quinone electron acceptor of photosystem II, oxidized at high irradiance. This was consistent with a 2-fold higher rate of photosynthesis on a chlorophyll basis. We propose that the combination of light attenuation by anthocyanin in the epidermis and enhanced rates of photosynthesis may, in part, account for the reduced sensitivity of jack pine to photoinhibition at low temperature. Key words: anthocyanin, light attenuation, low temperature, Pinus banksiana Lamb, (jack pine), photosynthesis, photoinhibition, photoperiod.