gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular Beacons: Signalling Nucleic Acid Probes, Methods, and Protocols (2008)

Significant DNA sequence data has been made available by several important genome projects. The allocation of functions to a mere string of the four letters in the code of life plays a major if not pr
Gamma Interferon, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, and Nitric Oxide Synthase 2, Key Elements of Cellular Immunity, Perform Critical Protective Functions during Humoral Defense against Lethal Pulmonary <i>Yersinia pestis</i> Infection (2006)

Pulmonary infection by Yersinia pestis causes pneumonic plague, a rapidly progressing and often fatal disease. To aid the development of safe and effective pneumonic plague vaccines, we are deciphering mechanisms used by the immune system to protect against lethal pulmonary Y. pestis infection. In murine pneumonic plague models, passive transfer of convalescent-phase sera confers protection, as does active vaccination with live Y. pestis. Here, we demonstrate that protection by either protocol relies upon both gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) cytokines classically associated with type 1 cellular immunity. In both protocols, abrogating IFN-gamma or TNF-alpha activity significantly decreases survival and increases the bacterial burden in pulmonary, splenic, and hepatic tissues. Neutralization of either cytokine also counteracts challenge-induced, vaccination-dependent upregulation of nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2). Moreover, genetic depletion of NOS2 suppresses protection conferred by serotherapy. We conclude that IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and NOS2, key elements of cellular immunity, perform critical protective functions during humoral defense against lethal pulmonary Y. pestis challenge. These observations strongly suggest that plague vaccines should strive to maximally prime both cellular and humoral immunity.
Aptamer-directed lanthanide chelate self-assembly for rapid thrombin detection (2013)

We report a sensitive assay method for homogeneous thrombin detection. The method is based on lanthanide chelate complementation, where the luminescent complex is split into two separate label moieties, which are intrinsically non-luminescent. A luminescent mixed chelate complex is formed only when the label moieties are brought into close proximity directed by two separate binding events of aptamers to the analyte. This results in high specificity in signal generation while time-resolved fluorescence detection eliminates the short lifetime autofluorescence, which is inherent to many homogeneous assays and limits their applicability. The developed method is also very rapid as the maximum signal is obtained in just five minutes. Lanthanide chelate complementation can be applied for the detection of other proteins when two binders recognizing separate epitopes of the analyte are available.
Biorhizome: A Biosynthetic Platform for Colchicine Biomanufacturing (2017)

Colchicine is one of the oldest plant-based medicines used to treat gout and one of the most important alkaloid-based antimitotic drugs with anticancer potential, which is commercially extracted from <i>Gloriosa superba</i>. Clinical trials suggest that colchicine medication could prevent atrial fibrillation recurrence after cardiac surgery. In addition, therapeutic colchicine is undergoing clinical trials to treat non-diabetic metabolic syndrome and diabetic nephropathy. However, the industrial-scale biomanufacturing of colchicine have not yet been established. Clearly, further studies on detailed biorhizome-specific transcriptome analysis, gene expression, and candidate gene validation are required before uncover the mechanism of colchicine biosynthesis and biorhizome-based colchicine biomanufacturing. Annotation of 32312 assembled multiple-tissues transcripts of <i>G. superba</i> represented 15088 unigenes in known plant specific gene ontology. This could help understanding colchicine biosynthesis in <i>G. superba</i>. This review highlights the biorhizomes, rhizome specific genes or gene what expressed with high level in rhizomes, and deep fluid dynamics in a bioreactor specifically for the biomanufacture of colchicine.
Emission Reduction Technologies Applied to High-Speed Direct Injection Diesel Engine (1998)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">In this paper, emissions reduction technologies applied to high-speed direct injection (HSDI) diesel passenger car engines to meet the stricter exhaust emission legislation are described. To reduce smoke, the F.I.E. has been improved by using a radial-piston distributor pump which delivers fuel-injection-pressure up to 120MPa. Cooled exhaust gas re-circulation (EGR) system and increase in volume ratio of the combustion chamber has made it possible to increase EGR ratio and reduced nitrogen oxides (NOx) and smoke simultaneously. Furthermore, improvements in the oxidation catalyst activating temperature reduces PM at lower exhaust gas temperatures.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">As a result of applying these technologies, a clean and economical HSDI diesel engine for passenger cars, which complies with Japanese '98 exhaust emissions legislation and has better fuel economy than indirect injection (IDI) diesel engines (above 15%), has been developed.</div>
Early temperament and negative reactivity in boys with fragile X syndrome (2008)

Our results show different behavioural profiles in very young children with FXS than reported in older-aged children with FXS which implies that temperamental differences and elevated problem behaviours reported in older-aged children with FXS may not be rooted in early temperament. This information is important to develop the phenotype of early development in FXS to facilitate early identification and treatment.
BCOR Involvement in Cancer (2019)

<i>BCOR</i> is a gene that encodes for an epigenetic regulator involved in the specification of cell differentiation and body structure development and takes part in the noncanonical polycomb repressive complex 1. This review provides a comprehensive summary of BCOR's involvement in oncology, illustrating that various <i>BCOR</i> aberrations, such as the internal tandem duplications of the PCGF Ub-like fold discriminator domain and different gene fusions (mainly <i>BCOR-CCNB3, BCOR-MAML3 and ZC3H7B-BCOR</i>), represent driver elements of various sarcomas such as clear cell sarcoma of the kidney, primitive mesenchymal myxoid tumor of infancy, small round blue cell sarcoma, endometrial stromal sarcoma and histologically heterogeneous CNS neoplasms group with similar genomic methylation patterns known as CNS-HGNET-BCOR. Furthermore, other <i>BCOR</i> alterations (often loss of function mutations) recur in a large variety of mesenchymal, epithelial, neural and hematological tumors, suggesting a central role in cancer evolution.
Calibrating Thrombin Generation in Different Samples: Less Effort with a Less Efficient Substrate (2009)

The technique of thrombin generation has been established as a promising tool for the diagnosis, risk estimation, and perhaps prognosis of coagulation insufficiencies. Without further experimentation an indication can be obtained if a sample donor carries the risk for haemophilia or thrombophilia, either congenital or acquired. A comparison of two different thrombin generation assays is presented, demonstrating that a currently not commercially available test allows an easier and cheaper calibration than its commercial counterpart. This is achieved by employment of a less efficient but highly specific peptide substrate for thrombin and the involvement of low amounts of analyte (plasma samples).
CD20-targeted therapy: a breakthrough in the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. (2009)

Targeting the CD20 antigen on B lymphocytes with the monoclonal antibody rituximab has greatly improved the outcome of patients with B-cell malignancies. Despite the success of rituximab, resistance occurs in about half of the patients, resulting in non-response to treatment or early relapse of the original disease. A better understanding of the mechanism of rituximab resistance has lead to the development of novel, improved anti-CD20 antibodies. This review describes the development of CD20-targeted therapy from its historical background towards the next generation of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies and explains new strategies to overcome resistance.
Growth of germanium quantum dots on different dielectric substrates by chemical-vapor deposition (2001)

The growth of Ge quantum dots on various nitrided oxides has been achieved by ultra-high-vacuum chemical-vapor deposition with GeH4 gas at temperatures between 550 and 650 °C. The characteristics of the Ge dots were investigated using atomic-force microscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in order to find the mechanism of the Ge dot formation. On N2O-annealed nitrided oxide films, we obtained Ge dots with height and diameters of 3.2 and 11 nm, respectively. No Ge dots were formed on surfaces of other dielectric substrates at 550 °C. From our experimental results, we suggest that the surface of N2O-annealed nitrided oxide contains a large amount of defects such as dangling bonds, which act as Ge nucleation sites. This is further confirmed by studying the growth kinetics and the influence of in situ annealing of the samples.
Combined Atomic Layer and Chemical Vapor Deposition, and Selective Growth of Ge<sub>2</sub>Sb<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>5</sub> Films on TiN/W Contact Plug (2007)

GST thin films were deposited by combined ALD and CVD at a temperature of 200 °C. The selective growth behavior of GST on the contact hole was observed. This was explained by the preferential nucleation property of Sb and subsequent adsorption of Te and Ge on the Sb nuclei on SiO2.
Information fusion with ProFusion. (1996)

The explosive growth of the World Wide Web, and the resulting infocreation overload, has led to a miniexplosion in World Wide Web search engines. This mini-explosion, in turn, led to the development of ProFusion, a meta search engine. Educators, like other users, do not have the time to evaluate multiple search engines to knowledgeably select the best for their uses. Nor do they have the time to submit each query to multiple search engines and wade through the resulting flood of good information, duplicated information, irrelevant information, and missing documents. ProFusion sends user queries to multiple underlying search engines in parallel, retrieves and merges the resulting URLs. It identifies and removes duplicates and creates one relevance-ranked list. If desired, the actual documents can be pre-fetched to remove yet more duplicates and broken links. ProFusion&apos;s performance has been compared to the individual search engines and other meta searchers, demonstrating its ability to retrieve more relevant information and present fewer duplicates pages. Future developments include analyzing the documents for improved ranking, automatically submitting queries to the most appropriate search engines, and modifying ProFusion to be an information filtering and dissemination system.
A Robust HF Modem (1985)

This paper describes the preliminary performance of a robust and low-cost HF modem design intended for data transmission at 300, 150, and 75 bps. The modem is designed to overcome the effects of multipath fading and frequency offsets. Error-correction coding is used to reduce the signal-to-noise ratio required to support reliable communications. The 300 bps modem design was first tested using an array processor (the FPS AP-120B) implementation. Performance evaluation using the SIGNATRON HF channel simulator has shown the modem to be capable of acquiring the received signal frequency and timing, and performing channel adaptation in a fraction of a second. Satisfactory performance has been measured even under fast multipath fading conditions.
In Vitro Production of an Extracellular Protease by <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> (1981)

Extracellular protease activity was measured in liquid cultures of representative strains from six serotypes of Legionella pneumophila. A variety of substrates were degraded, including denatured casein, skim milk, gelatin, and hide powder azure, but not elastin.
Quantifying and minimizing entropy generation in AMTEC cells (1997)

Entropy generation in an AMTEC cell represents inherent power loss to the AMTEC cell. Minimizing cell entropy generation directly maximizes cell power generation and efficiency. An internal project is on-going at AMPS to identify, quantify and minimize entropy generation mechanisms within an AMTEC cell, with the goal of determining cost-effective design approaches for maximizing AMTEC cell power generation. Various entropy generation mechanisms have been identified and quantified. The project has investigated several cell design techniques in a solar-driven AMTEC system to minimize cell entropy generation and produce maximum power cell designs. In many cases, various sources of entropy generation are interrelated such that minimizing entropy generation requires cell and system design optimization. Some of the tradeoffs between various entropy generation mechanisms are quantified and explained and their implications on cell design are discussed. The relationship between AMTEC cell power and efficiency and entropy generation is presented and discussed.
EVALUATION OF NEW LIPID-SOLUBLE CONTRAST AGENT FOR HEPATIC CT (1982)

Longino, M. Ph.D.; Glazer, G. M.D.; Counsell, R. Ph.D.; Schwendner, S. B.A.; Seevers, R. Ph.D.; Weichert, J. B.S. Author Information
Inexact Alternating Optimization for Phase Retrieval in the Presence of Outliers (2017)

Phase retrieval has been mainly considered in the presence of Gaussian noise. However, the performance of the algorithms proposed under the Gaussian noise model severely degrades when grossly corrupted data, i.e., outliers, exist. This paper investigates techniques for phase retrieval in the presence of heavy-tailed noise, which is considered a better model for situations where outliers exist. An ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</sub> -norm (0 <; p <; 2) based estimator is proposed for fending against such noise, and two-block inexact alternating optimization is proposed as the algorithmic framework to tackle the resulting optimization problem. Two specific algorithms are devised by exploring different local approximations within this framework. Interestingly, the core conditional minimization steps can be interpreted as iteratively reweighted least squares and gradient descent. Convergence properties of the algorithms are discussed, and the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) is derived. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed algorithms approach the CRB and outperform state-of-the-art algorithms in heavy-tailed noise.
Design a decoupled receiver with one dual - polarized antenna to cancel CCI for GSM network (2013)

Abstract — The capacity of the popular GSM network is limited by co-channel interference (CCI) rather than noise. Nowadays, some solutions such as a receiver with multiple antennas (MIMO) or a receiver with single antenna interference cancellation (SAIC) have been applied to cancel the CCI as well as to improve the network capacity. According to this paper, a novel receiver system with only one dual-polarized antenna is introduced. The proposed system has some dominant characteristics than above systems. Actually, it has lower cost and volume than a MIMO system, whereas its performance is better than that of a SAIC system due to the additional polarization diversity. Due to two different polarized branches this receiver overcomes the limitations of cost and size as a drawback of a multi-antenna receiver. Furthermore, it also offers additional polarization diversity gain, i.e., it provides better performance than a SAIC system. This paper focuses on design a receiver with one dual polarized antenna in conjunction with a decoupled linear filtering and a trellis-based equalization for synchronous GSM network. Additionally, only the training sequences of the desired user are assumed to be known to the receiver in advance.
[Adjuvant treatment of patients with neoplastic lesions using the combination of a vitamin complex and an amino acid. Apropos of a series of 17 cases of epidermoid carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract]. (1993)

The aim of the work reported here was to evaluate the effects of an adjuvant treatment composed of an association of vitamins with an amino acid: beta-alanine, in cancer patients. This adjuvant therapy has been given to 17 subjects with a squamous cell carcinoma of upper aerodigestive tract treated by radiotherapy most cases were T3 (according to the TNM-UICC). After a 63 months follow-up, 7 patients are alive and sterilized, 4 are alive but no sterilized, 2 died, 4 were excluded from the study. Besides a physical comfort improved in all our patients, we note a restoration of the immune defenses, both humoral and cellular, disturbed by radiotherapy. At last, we note an increase of survival in the patients treated by the adjuvant therapy, compared to a reference population of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of upper aerodigestive tract. Despite the limits of the study, it was interesting to report the positive effects of the therapeutical association, vitamins and beta-alanine, after a combined radio-surgical treatment of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of upper aerodigestive tract.
Consistency of System Test Case Results for Software Capability Rating (2018)

This paper discusses an approach for software capability rating for software under test by assessing the stability of features in the software. This is done by using the consistency of the results from the test cases executed based on test iterations imposed to the software. The focus is on how consistent any test case obtained PASS result consecutively. The approach is based on few parameters: total test iteration, result of test per iteration, total number of pass results per total iteration, result of last iteration and number of change in test result, which is from PASS to FAIL and vice-versa. The result produced consistency pass percentage per test case, which in total is translated into average consistency. The average consistency represented the capability rating for the software to deliver its intended features demonstrating specific degree of confidence of how stable the software features are, based on the rating obtained. Indirectly, it serves as early indicator on the capability of the software as a whole when it operates in real operating environment later.
The tuberous sclerosis complex subunit TBC1D7 is stabilized by Akt phosphorylation–mediated 14-3-3 binding (2018)

The tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a negative regulator of mTOR complex 1, a signaling node promoting cellular growth in response to various nutrients and growth factors. However, several regulators in TSC signaling still await discovery and characterization. Using pulldown and MS approaches, here we identified the TSC complex member, TBC1 domain family member 7 (TBC1D7), as a binding partner for PH domain and leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase 1 (PHLPP1), a negative regulator of Akt kinase signaling. Most TBC domain-containing proteins function as Rab GTPase-activating proteins (RabGAPs), but the crystal structure of TBC1D7 revealed that it lacks residues critical for RabGAP activity. Sequence analysis identified a putative site for both Akt-mediated phosphorylation and 14-3-3 binding at Ser-124, and we found that Akt phosphorylates TBC1D7 at Ser-124. However, this phosphorylation had no effect on the binding of TBC1D7 to TSC1, but stabilized TBC1D7. Moreover, 14-3-3 protein both bound and stabilized TBC1D7 in a growth factor-dependent manner, and a phospho-deficient substitution, S124A, prevented this interaction. The crystal structure of 14-3-3ζ in complex with a phospho-Ser-124 TBC1D7 peptide confirmed the direct interaction between 14-3-3 and TBC1D7. The sequence immediately upstream of Ser-124 aligned with a canonical β-TrCP degron, and we found that the E3 ubiquitin ligase β-TrCP2 ubiquitinates TBC1D7 and decreases its stability. Our findings reveal that Akt activity determines the phosphorylation status of TBC1D7 at the phospho-switch Ser-124, which governs binding to either 14-3-3 or β-TrCP2, resulting in increased or decreased stability of TBC1D7, respectively.
GENETIC CONTROL OF MITOCHONDRIAL THYMIDINE KINASE IN HUMAN-MOUSE AND MONKEY-MOUSE SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS (1974)

Distinctive thymidine (dT) kinase molecular forms are present in mouse, human, and monkey mitochondria. Disk polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (disk PAGE) analyses have shown that the mitochondrial-specific dT kinases differ from cytosol dT kinases in relative electrophoretic mobilities (Rm). Furthermore, the mouse mitochondrial dT kinase differs in Rm value from primate mitochondrial dT kinases. The mouse and primate cytosol dT kinases can also be distinguished. Disk PAGE analyses have been carried out on the cytosol and mitochondrial dT kinases of human-mouse (WIL-8) and monkey-mouse (mK.CV(III)) somatic cell hybrids in order to learn whether the mitochondria of the hybrid cells contained murine mitochondrial-specific, primate mitochondrial-specific, or both dT kinases. WIL-8 cells were derived from cytosol dT kinase-negative, mitochondrial dT kinase-positive mouse fibro blasts and from cytosol dT kinase-positive, mitochondrial dT kinase-positive human embryonic lung cells; they contained mostly mouse chromosomes and a few human chromosomes, including the determinant for human cytosol dT kinase. The mK.CV(III) cells were derived from cytosol dT kinase-negative, mitochondrial dT kinase-positive mouse kidney cells and from cytosol dT kinase-positive, mitochondrial dT kinase-positive monkey kidney cells; they contained mostly mouse chromosomes and a few monkey chromosomes, including the determinant for monkey cytosol dT kinase. Disk PAGE analyses demonstrated that the mitochondria of human-mouse and monkey-mouse somatic cell hybrids contained the mouse-specific mitochondrial dT kinase but not the human- or monkey-specific mitochondrial dT kinase. These findings suggest that primate cytosol and mitochondrial thymidine kinase genes are coded on different chromosomes.
Optical wireless front-end receiver design (2008)

Optical wireless or Free Space Optics (FSO) has received considerable attention as an alternative to existing Radio Frequency (RF) communication system. This is due to the growing demand for wireless broadband communications and congestion on bandwidth of RF spectrum. In optical wireless application, the performance of the receiver is significantly determines the overall performance of optical wireless link. Receiver is required to have large aperture. Accordingly, the detector is required to have a large detection area which produces high photodetector capacitance and limits the receiver bandwidth. In this paper, the front-end optical receiver designs especially for wireless application have been focused where a fundamental requirement is the achievement of wide dynamic range and broad bandwidth. Through a review on reported works, the bootstrapping technique is found effectively reduces the photodetector capacitance associated with the large area photodetector. Consequently, the overall bandwidth of the system can be improved.
A pyramid algorithm for fast fractal image compression (2002)

We present a fast fractal image encoding algorithm which is based on a refinement of the fractal code from an initial coarse level of the pyramid. The pyramid search algorithm is quasi-optimal in terms of minimizing the mean square error. Assuming that the distribution of the matching error is described by an independent, identically distributed (i.i.d.) Laplacian random process, we derive the threshold sequence for the objective function in each pyramidal level. The computational efficiency depends on the depth of the pyramid and the search step size and could be improved up to two orders of magnitude compared with the full search of the original image.