gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Excited-State Photodynamics of Perylene−Porphyrin Dyads. 5. Tuning Light-Harvesting Characteristics via Perylene Substituents, Connection Motif, and Three-Dimensional Architecture (2010)

Seven perylene-porphyrin dyads were examined with the goal of identifying those most suitable for components of light-harvesting systems. The ideal dyad should exhibit strong absorption by the perylene in the green, undergo rapid and efficient excited-state energy transfer from perylene to porphyrin, and avoid electron-transfer quenching of the porphyrin excited state by the perylene in the medium of interest. Four dyads have different perylenes at the p-position of the meso-aryl group on the zinc porphyrin. The most suitable perylene identified in that set was then incorporated at the m- or o-position of the zinc porphyrin, affording two other dyads. An analogue of the o-substituted architecture was prepared in which the zinc porphyrin was replaced with the free base porphyrin. The perylene in each dyad is a monoimide derivative; the perylenes differ in attachment of the linker (either via a diphenylethyne linker at the N-imide or an ethynylphenyl linker at the C9 position) and the number (0-3) of 4-tert-butylphenoxy groups (which increase solubility and slightly alter the electrochemical potentials). In the p-linked dyad, the monophenoxy perylene with an N-imide diphenylethyne linker is superior in providing rapid and essentially quantitative energy transfer from excited perylene to zinc porphyrin with minimal electron-transfer quenching in both toluene and benzonitrile. The dyads with the same perylene at the m- or o-position exhibited similar results except for one case, the o-linked dyad bearing the zinc porphyrin in benzonitrile, where significant excited-state quenching is observed; this phenomenon is facilitated by close spatial approach of the perylene and porphyrin and the associated thermodynamic/kinetic enhancement of the electron-transfer process. Such quenching does not occur with the free base porphyrin because electron transfer is thermodynamically unfavorable even in the polar medium. The p-linked dyad containing a zinc porphyrin attached to a bis(4-tert-butylphenoxy)perylene via an ethynylphenyl linker at the C9 position exhibits ultrafast and quantitative energy transfer in toluene; the same dyad in benzonitrile exhibits ultrafast (<0.5 ps) perylene-to-porphyrin energy transfer, rapid (∼5 ps) porphyrin-to-perylene electron transfer, and fast (∼25 ps) charge recombination to the ground state. Collectively, this study has identified suitable perylene-porphyrin constructs for use in light-harvesting applications.
Depression predicts disability in long-term chronic pain patients (2002)

These data suggest that depression, but not personality disorders characteristics, was an important disability predictor in chronic pain patients with extended follow-up.
مقياس جامعة الخليل الرباعي للتوافق الزواجي: الخصائص السيكومترية (2017)

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى بناء مقياس التوافق الزواجي الرباعي، الذي يكشف عن حالات التوافق الزواجي المختلفة، ويتكون المقياس من أربع أوضاع تتدرج من التوافق الزواجي المرتفع وحتى الطلاق العاطفي (السكينة الزوجية، التعايش، الصمت الزواجي، الطلاق العاطفي) وكذلك استقصاء الخصائص السيكومترية للمقياس في الضفة الغربية، وقد تم بناء فقرات المقياس بصورتيه (صورة الرجل، وصورة المرأة) وتم تطبيق المنهج الوصفي على عينة عشوائية قوامها (362) زوج وزوجة (176 زوجة، و186 زوج) موزعين في مناطق الضفة الغربية، وأسفرت الدراسة عن وجود دلالات اتساق داخلي مرتفعة ودالة إحصائيا لجميع فقرات المقياس، كما وتمتع المقياس بدرجات صدق تلازمي دالة إحصائيا مع كل من اختبار التوافق التكاملي الثنائي ومقياس الطلاق العاطفي.
Identification of an interstitial carbon-interstitial oxygen complex in silicon (1987)

An electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum, observed in electron irradiated silicon and labeled Si-G15, is shown to originate from the same carbon-oxygen complex as does the well studied C-line photoluminescence spectrum with zero-phonon line at 0.79 eV. Both the g tensor and the 13C hyperfine tensor for this center are remarkably similar to those for the isolated interstitial carbon atom. Stress-induced alignment experiments reveal the role of oxygen and indicate a unique structure for an interstitial carbon-interstitial oxygen pair.
On-demand neural probes (2004)

We demonstrate a method to vary recording site distribution on Si neural probes with a maskless finishing process. The concept is based on the use of a direct write laser (DWL) lithography on one mask layer thus enabling relatively fast on-demand processing of wafers with semi-custom designs at a reasonable cost. Up till now, neural probes have only been produced with fixed standard mask sets, which is straightforward but very costly for small production volumes and inflexible for electrode distribution redesigns. Using a DWL machine enables us to selectively choose which electrodes, from a standardised electrode array, should be active. We propose a probe model with eight shafts and 64 recording electrodes distributed in 11 different ways. The process was evaluated on some of our standard Acreo neural probes, and showed as a proof of concept. Impedance characterisation was performed on active and inactive electrodes, and on electrodes with varying active area.
Prospects for new plague vaccines (2009)

The potential application of Yersinia pestis for bioterrorism emphasizes the urgent need to develop more effective vaccines against airborne infection. The current status of plague vaccines has been reviewed. The present emphasis is on subunit vaccines based on the F1 and LcrV antigens. These provide good protection in animal models but may not protect against F1 strains with modifications to the type III secretion system. The duration of protection against pneumonic infection is also uncertain. Other strategies under investigation include defined live-attenuated vaccines, DNA vaccines, mucosal delivery systems and heterologous immunization. The live-attenuated strain Y. pestis EV NIIEG protects against aerosol challenge in animal models and, with further modification to reduce residual virulence and to optimize respiratory protection, it could provide a shortcut to improved vaccines. The regulatory problems inherent in licensing vaccines for which efficacy data are unavailable and their possible solutions are discussed herein.
TO-Lock: Removing Lock Overhead Using the Owners' Temporal Locality (2004)

The performance of locking is critical, as programming languages with built-in thread support are coming into wide use. Many techniques for optimizing Java monitors have been proposed, based on the observation that the locks are rarely contended for in many applications. However, the problem of the performance degradation in SMP environments caused by necessary serializations of the processors' execution has not been addressed for shared objects. We propose a new algorithm for this problem. It uses simple instructions to acquire the lock by exploiting the owner locality for objects even if the ownership has migrated among the threads. Our algorithm is particularly effective for SMP environments because we can remove the overhead of the serialization caused by complex atomic operations for uncontended locks by allowing the lock operation and the code protected by the lock to be executed in parallel. We verified the safety of the algorithm by using a software tool, Spin. The experimental results of our bench-marking on an SMP machine using Intel Xeon processors showed that our algorithm can significantly improve the performance by 83% on average compared to the case using a complex atomic instruction.
Specificity and Latent Correlation Learning for Action Recognition Using Synthetic Multi-View Data From Depth Maps (2017)

This paper presents a novel approach to action recognition using synthetic multi-view data from depth maps. Specifically, multiple views are first generated by rotating 3D point clouds from depth maps. A pyramid multi-view depth motion template is then adopted for multi-view action representation, characterizing the multi-scale motion and shape patterns in 3D. Empirically, despite the view-specific information, the latent information between multiple views often provides important cues for action recognition. Concentrating on this observation and motivated by the success of the dictionary learning framework, this paper proposes to explicitly learn a view-specific dictionary (called specificity) for each view, and simultaneously learn a latent dictionary (called latent correlation) across multiple views. Thus, a novel method, specificity and latent correlation learning, is put forward to learn the specificity that captures the most discriminative features of each view, and learn the latent correlation that contributes the inherent 3D information to multiple views. In this way, a compact and discriminative dictionary is constructed by specificity and latent correlation for feature representation of actions. The proposed method is evaluated on the MSR Action3D, the MSR Gesture3D, the MSR Action Pairs, and the ChaLearn multi-modal data sets, consistently achieving promising results compared with the state-of-the-art methods based on depth data.
Evaluation of Anti-Hyperalgesic and Analgesic Effects of Two Benzodiazepines in Human Experimental Pain: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study (2013)

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01011036.
Ligand-Directed Active Tumor-Targeting Polymeric Nanoparticles for Cancer Chemotherapy (2014)

In recent years, polymeric nanoparticles have appeared as a most viable and versatile delivery system for targeted cancer therapy. Various in vivo studies have demonstrated that virus-sized stealth particles are able to circulate for a prolonged time and preferentially accumulate in the tumor site via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect (so-called "passive tumor-targeting"). The surface decoration of stealth nanoparticles by a specific tumor-homing ligand, such as antibody, antibody fragment, peptide, aptamer, polysaccharide, saccharide, folic acid, and so on, might further lead to increased retention and accumulation of nanoparticles in the tumor vasculature as well as selective and efficient internalization by target tumor cells (termed as "active tumor-targeting"). Notably, these active targeting nanoparticulate drug formulations have shown improved, though to varying degrees, therapeutic performances in different tumor models as compared to their passive targeting counterparts. In addition to type of ligands, several other factors such as in vivo stability of nanoparticles, particle shape and size, and ligand density also play an important role in targeted cancer chemotherapy. In this review, concept and recent development of polymeric nanoparticles conjugated with specific targeting ligands, ranging from proteins (e.g., antibodies, antibody fragments, growth factors, and transferrin), peptides (e.g., cyclic RGD, octreotide, AP peptide, and tLyp-1 peptide), aptamers (e.g., A10 and AS1411), polysaccharides (e.g., hyaluronic acid), to small biomolecules (e.g., folic acid, galactose, bisphosphonates, and biotin), for active tumor-targeting drug delivery in vitro and in vivo are highlighted and discussed. With promise to maximize therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic side effects, ligand-mediated active tumor-targeting treatment modality has become an emerging and indispensable platform for safe and efficient cancer therapy.
Cycle Accurate Binary Translation for Simulation Acceleration in Rapid Prototyping of SoCs (2005)

The application of a cycle accurate binary translator for rapid prototyping of SoCs is presented. This translator generates code to run on a rapid prototyping system consisting of a VLIW processor and FPGAs. The generated code is annotated with information that triggers cycle generation for the hardware in parallel with the execution of the translated program. The VLIW processor executes the translated program whereas the FPGAs contain the hardware for the parallel cycle generation and the bits interface that adapts the bits of the VLIW processor to the SoC bits of the emulated processor core.
Triple-axis X-ray diffraction study of polishing damage in III–V semiconductors (1996)

Plane wave X-ray topography has been successfully used for studies and measurements of a weak, spread both elastic and quasiplastic strains in nearly pelfect crystalline plates due to high sensitivity to lattice distortions. Such a technique is particularly useful at studying of various inhomogeneities in distiibution of impurities. It combines a wide observation area (up to 10 cm2) with a relatively good locality (1-10 !J.m) and rather high sensitivity to crystal lattice distortions (up to 10-7-10-S). Quantitative estimation of a distortion field provided by the effective applying of computer image processing tools.
0.2 mu m or less i-line lithography by phase-shifting-mask technology (2002)

A novel phase-shifting technology has been developed for improving resolution of isolated patterns. A phase-shifter edge line (PEL) is used as an opaque mask instead of a chrome pattern. The intensity distribution of the PEL is sharper than those of chrome patterns under the same illumination conditions. 0.15 mu m wide space patterns in LMR-UV (negative resist) are delineated in the focus range of more than 1.5 mu m by using a PEL-mask and an i-line stepper. In the same manner, 0.15 mu m wide line patterns are clearly formed by use of PFR-TT15 (positive resist). In addition, a new modification adapted to hole or pillar patterns has been developed by applying double exposure with a pair of PEL-masks. By this method 0.2 mu m hole patterns in LMR-UV are successfully delineated in a wide focus latitude of 1.5 mu m.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Reverse osmosis in the metal finishing industry (1982)

Reverse osmosis (RO) technology has been employed in the metal finishing industry for recovery of plating chemical from rinse water as well as purification of mixed wastewater to allow its reuse. In plating chemical recovery applications, RO units separate the valuable metal salts from rinse solutions, yielding a concentrated metal solution which can be recycled to the plating bath, and water of sufficient purity for use in rinsing.
Advances on Exploiting Polarization in Wireless Communications: Channels, Technologies, and Applications (2016)

Polarization is an important property of electromagnetic waves. It has shown the great application potential in optical fiber, radar, and satellite communications, where polarization has been exploited to be a promising means of enhancing channel capacity. The existing research has shown that, in theory, it has great potential to sixfold the channel capacity by using six co-located orthogonally polarized electric and magnetic dipoles. Wireless communications exploits the electromagnetic medium, which is also intrinsically polarization-sensitive. In the past decades, wireless communications have mainly exploited the dimensions of time, frequency, and space, and most wireless channels, technologies, and applications have been devised without explicit consideration of polarization. To keep up with the recent exponentially growing network capacity, as such, leveraging polarization for wireless communications is a logical next step. However, exploiting polarization in wireless communications involves many challenges that differentiate it from conventional polarization applications in terms of optical fiber, radar, and satellite communications due to complex depolarization effects, restriction on additional gain offered, and limited degrees of freedom in the polarization domain. These challenges have inspired recent advances, particularly related to polarization channels, polarization technologies (such as polarization-based modulation, polarization-based signal sensing, polarization-based orthogonal transmission, and polarization-based filtering), and their applications to emerging communication scenarios including energy-efficient communications, cognitive radio networks, and in-band full-duplex transmission. This paper thoroughly surveys these recent advances and presents the state-of-the-art research progress on each aspect. Furthermore, open research issues and challenges are discussed in order to provide perspectives for future research directions.
Characterization of the Human Junctional Epithelial Cells Directly Attached to the Tooth (DAT Cells)in Periodontal Disease (1994)

This study examined the directly attached cells (DAT cells) of the human junctional epithelium from teeth extracted for advanced periodontal disease. The monolayer nature of the DAT cells remaining on the tooth surface after extraction offers a unique opportunity to study their morphology and activity in situ. We collected DAT cells and examined them by transmission electron microscopy and by autoradiography of cells labeled with 3H-thymidine. Our morphological results suggest that degenerative changes associated with pocket formation affect individual cells rather than regions of the DAT cell population at one time. The epithelial attachment apparatus (EAA) appeared to be the most resistant structure persisting on the tooth surface during the degeneration of the individual DAT cells. The new technique developed for two-dimensional observation of the sheet of DAT cells labeled in situ on the tooth surface in culture showed that the attached cells, even in periodontal disease, exhibit proliferative ability, suggesting a regenerative role for the DAT cells.
Hand Hygiene for the Prevention of Nosocomial Infections (2009)

Improved compliance in hand hygiene, with proper use of alcohol-based hand rubs, can reduce the nosocomial infection rate by as much as 40%.
Night-to-Day Image Translation for Retrieval-based Localization (2019)

Visual localization is a key step in many robotics pipelines, allowing the robot to (approximately) determine its position and orientation in the world. An efficient and scalable approach to visual localization is to use image retrieval techniques. These approaches identify the image most similar to a query photo in a database of geo-tagged images and approximate the query's pose via the pose of the retrieved database image. However, image retrieval across drastically different illumination conditions, e.g. day and night, is still a problem with unsatisfactory results, even in this age of powerful neural models. This is due to a lack of a suitably diverse dataset with true correspondences to perform end-to-end learning. A recent class of neural models allows for realistic translation of images among visual domains with relatively little training data and, most importantly, without ground-truth pairings.In this paper, we explore the task of accurately localizing images captured from two traversals of the same area in both day and night. We propose ToDayGAN - a modified image-translation model to alter nighttime driving images to a more useful daytime representation. We then compare the daytime and translated night images to obtain a pose estimate for the night image using the known 6-DOF position of the closest day image. Our approach improves localization performance by over 250% compared the current state-of-the-art, in the context of standard metrics in multiple categories.
Brine to Enhance the Transport of Encapsulated Petroleum Sulfonates Nanosurfactants Deeper into the High Temperature Carbonate Reservoirs (2022)

Abstract Development of NanoSurfactants (NSs), encapsulated petroleum sulfonates, is in progress for use as one of the most cost efficient surfactants in chemical enhanced oil recovery (CEOR) applications under extreme conditions. This work provides a better understanding of NS transport though porous carbonate rocks and demonstrates how hot and salty brines can facilitate NS transport when compared to deionized (DI) water. Transport of NSs at 90 °C in 57,000 ppm total dissolved solids (TDS) brine as well as NS components, petroleum sulfonate and zwitterionic co-surfactant, in 90 °C DI water through limestone core plugs was studied using a core flood apparatus. Effluent samples were measured for the total surfactant concentration using a total organic carbon (TOC) analyzer, and the dynamic retention values were calculated and compared. Structural integrity of NS assemblies before and after transport through the porous rock structure were studied using 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Petroleum sulfonate surfactants are unstable in hot brines with high concentrations of divalent ions, and therefore cannot be transported through porous rock structures. Transforming such unstable sulfonates into NS formulations can overcome these challenges. Dynamic retention results in water-wet limestone demonstrate that NSs can be successfully transported through 150 - 200 millidarcy (mD) reservoir rocks with retention values &lt; 0.4 mg/g of rock. These values are 30-50% lower than the retention of NS components alone, which is &lt; 0.7 mg/g, if measured at the same conditions using DI water. Much lower retention for NSs was observed in brines, when compared to its surfactant components in DI water. This can be attributed to the NSs nanostructure which is designed to encapsulate sulfonates closer to the core while efficiently dispersing in the brines by co-surfactants with zwitterionic heads located at the surface. High salinity brine also helps to screen surface charges present on the rock surface. NMR spectroscopy results confirm that the nano-assembled NS structure does not exhibit noticeable changes after core flood experiments and confirms that the formulation has great potential for CEOR applications. Results presented in this work demonstrate that NS formulations made of assembled and dispersed nanocapsules enable the application of one of the lowest cost industrial surfactants for CEOR in hot and salty brines. This formulation in brines significantly reduces the loss of surfactants to the carbonate rock when compared to the same surfactant components in fresh water.
Three-Dimensional Metal Azide Coordination Polymers with Amino Carboxylate Coligands: Synthesis, Structure, and Magnetic Properties (2009)

The reaction of M(II) ions with azido ligands in the presence of different amino carboxylic acids gave four three-dimensional metal-azido coordination polymers, [Mn(3,5-daba)(N(3))](n) (1), [Cd(3,5-daba)(N(3))](n) (2; 3,5-daba = 3,5-diaminobenzoate), [Mn(4-aba)(N(3))](n) (3; 4-aba = 4-aminobenzoate), and [Cu(2)(gly)(2)(N(3))(2)](n) (4; gly = glycinate), which display different topological structures. Polymers 1 and 2 present 4,6-connected 3D networks with different Schlafli symbols. However, 3 and 4 feature an unprecedented trinodal 3,6-connected network with the Schlafli symbol (4(2).6)(4.6(2))(4(3).6(6).8(6)) and an unusual 4-connected 3D net with the Lonsdaleite (hexagonal diamond) topology, respectively. Magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed dominant antiferromagnetic couplings for 1 and 3 and an overall dominant ferromagnetic coupling for 4, which presents metamagnetic behavior with a magnetic phase transition at a critical temperature of 6 K and a transition field of ca. 6030 Oe. The results demonstrate that the EE azido and syn-anti carboxylato bridges in our cases induce an antiferomagnetic interaction, and the anti-anti carboxylato bridge in 4 mediates a ferromagnetic interaction. The magnetic interaction through the EO azido bridge in 3 and 4 has a dependence on the value of the M-N-M bond angle.