gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Total Organic Carbon and Formation Evaluation with Wireline Logs in the Green River Oil Shale (2011)

Abstract A well drilled in the Green River formation in Colorado on the Bureau of Land Management RD&D lease of American Shale Oil LLC (AMSO), provides an opportunity to compare core measurements and log-derived properties in a unique unconventional resource reservoir. The core was analyzed for matrix density, Fischer Assay, total organic carbon (TOC), mineralogy, and 58 inorganic elemental concentrations. Logs include neutron, density, gamma ray, resistivity, magnetic resonance, and inelastic and capture nuclear spectroscopy. The data from this well are used to demonstrate new methodologies to estimate the TOC content and Fischer Assay oil yield. The TOC content is estimated in three ways. The first is a multitool petrophysical evaluation. The second is an estimation of kerogen from the difference between density and magnetic resonance (MR) porosities where MR porosity corresponds to the water-filled porosity and density porosity to the sum of kerogen-and water-filled porosity. The third method combines inelastic and capture nuclear spectroscopy log data to compute elemental concentration logs of total carbon, inorganic carbon, and TOC. For comparison of core mineralogy and chemistry with log data, over 200 intervals of core from this well were sampled as 2-ft-long slabs that were ground and homogenized, approximating the vertical resolution of log responses. The agreement between the logs and core values for total carbon, total inorganic carbon, and TOC is very good. The TOC log is used to activate empirical relationships such as Fischer Assay oil shale grade from TOC, again with good results.
Selective pharmacological inhibitors of HDAC6 reveal biochemical activity but functional tolerance in cancer models (2019)

Our study investigates the biochemical and functional impact of selective histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibitors, a promising class of novel therapeutics, in several cancer models. Selective HDAC6 inhibitors (Tubathian A, Tubastatin A, Tubacin and Ricolinostat) and a non-selective HDAC inhibitor (Vorinostat) were evaluated on cancer cell lines derived from multiple tumour types in both an in vitro and in vivo setting as potential cancer therapeutics. Selective HDAC6 inhibitors resulted in α-tubulin acetylation with no impact on histone acetylation but failed to show any anti-cancer properties. Only the use of high concentrations of selective HDAC6 inhibitors resulted in co-inhibition of other HDAC enzymes and consequently in reduced growth, migratory and/or invasive activity of cancer cells in vitro as well as in vivo. The specificity of HDAC6 inhibition was confirmed using a CRISPR/Cas9 knockout cell line. Our results suggest that selective HDAC6 inhibitors may fall short as potential single agent anti-cancer drugs and prove that many previous data regarding this promising class of compounds need to be interpreted with great care due to their use in high concentrations resulting in low selectivity and potential off-target effects.
From Scores to Face Templates: A Model-Based Approach (2007)

Regeneration of templates from match scores has security and privacy implications related to any biometric authentication system. We propose a novel paradigm to reconstruct face templates from match scores using a linear approach. It proceeds by first modeling the behavior of the given face recognition algorithm by an affine transformation. The goal of the modeling is to approximate the distances computed by a face recognition algorithm between two faces by distances between points, representing these faces, in an affine space. Given this space, templates from an independent image set (break-in) are matched only once with the enrolled template of the targeted subject and match scores are recorded. These scores are then used to embed the targeted subject in the approximating affine (non-orthogonal) space. Given the coordinates of the targeted subject in the affine space, the original template of the targeted subject is reconstructed using the inverse of the affine transformation. We demonstrate our ideas using three, fundamentally different, face recognition algorithms: Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with Mahalanobis cosine distance measure, Bayesian intra-extrapersonal classifier (BIC), and a feature-based commercial algorithm. To demonstrate the independence of the break-in set with the gallery set, we select face templates from two different databases: Face Recognition Grand Challenge (FRGC) and Facial Recognition Technology (FERET) Database (FERET). With an operational point set at 1 percent False Acceptance Rate (FAR) and 99 percent True Acceptance Rate (TAR) for 1,196 enrollments (FERET gallery), we show that at most 600 attempts (score computations) are required to achieve a 73 percent chance of breaking in as a randomly chosen target subject for the commercial face recognition system. With similar operational set up, we achieve a 72 percent and 100 percent chance of breaking in for the Bayesian and PCA based face recognition systems, respectively. With three different levels of score quantization, we achieve 69 percent, 68 percent and 49 percent probability of break-in, indicating the robustness of our proposed scheme to score quantization. We also show that the proposed reconstruction scheme has 47 percent more probability of breaking in as a randomly chosen target subject for the commercial system as compared to a hill climbing approach with the same number of attempts. Given that the proposed template reconstruction method uses distinct face templates to reconstruct faces, this work exposes a more severe form of vulnerability than a hill climbing kind of attack where incrementally different versions of the same face are used. Also, the ability of the proposed approach to reconstruct actual face templates of the users increases privacy concerns in biometric systems.
Laser-induced-breakdown spectra in a coal-fired MHD environment (1993)

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a laser-based, non-intrusive, high-sensitivity optical diagnostic technique used to detect atomic and certain molecular species and measure the species concentration.
Preparation and Characterization of Epoxy and Hollow Ceramic Spheres Composites (2018)

High crash strength and high thermal conductivity hollow ceramic sphere with external diameters between 250 and 420 micrometers were produced by firing green bodies prepared in a fluidized reactor at room temperature. Then these spheres were bonded together by epoxy resin to produce composites with very high filler concentration but light weight. The dielectric, thermal and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated. Because the component in the raw materials of hollow ceramic spheres is varied, the corresponding composites have tunable permittivity and dielectric loss. In the composites, hollow ceramic spheres are nearly close packed, which can be observed by optical microscope. The novel close packed structure of these spheres endows the composites with highly efficient pathways for heat dissipation and reliable framework of bearing compressive loading. The surfaces of the spheres were modified by 1wt. % silane coupling agent, KH-560, before combining with epoxy resin in order to improve their chemical compatibility with epoxy resin. With TGA results, we can see that the epoxy resin in the composites has a low percentage of mass ratios and thus plays a role as binder to combine neighboring hollow ceramic spheres together. The results demonstrate improvement of dielectric and thermal conducting properties of epoxy resin, and feasibility of extending its working ranges in both compression strength and temperature as a multifunctional material in insulating area.
Improved processing of Mg-Zn-Y alloys containing quasicrystal phase for isotropic high strength and ductility (2011)

The stable quasicrystal phase in Mg-Zn-Y alloys has been proved to be beneficial for strength and ductility and has also been shown to impart high fracture toughness. However, the strength of these alloys has been limited to 300MPa with an average grain size of about 1 µm. We show here a simple procedure in which a Mg93Zn6Y alloy was chilled cast and then extruded. Yield strengths of up to 400 MPa in tension and compression, accompanied by ductility of ~14% were obtained with grain of size of about 1 µm. Compression to tension yield anisotropy ratios were in the narrow range of 0.95 to 1.03. These alloys also showed ageing response with two peaks. The effect of precipitation ageing on the mechanical properties has been studied.
Reversible Pebbling Game for Quantum Memory Management (2019)

Quantum memory management is becoming a pressing problem, especially given the recent research effort to develop new and more complex quantum algorithms. The only existing automatic method for quantum states clean-up relies on the availability of many extra resources. In this work, we propose an automatic tool for quantum memory management. We show how this problem exactly matches the reversible pebbling game. Based on that, we develop a SAT-based algorithm that returns a valid clean-up strategy, taking the limitations of the quantum hardware into account. The developed tool empowers the designer with the flexibility required to explore the trade-off between memory resources and number of operations. We present two show-cases to prove the validity of our approach. First, we apply the algorithm to straight-line programs, widely used in cryptographic applications. Second, we perform a comparison with the existing approach, showing an average improvement of 52.77%.
N-substituted pyrazino[2,3-c][1,2,6]thiadiazine 2,2-dioxides. A new class of diuretics (1992)

The synthesis and evaluation of a new class of diuretic agents derived from the pyrazino[2,3-c][1,2,6]thiadiazine 2,2-dioxide ring system are described. Preliminary structure-activity relationships indicate that the nature and location of the substituents at different positions of the heterocycle are crucial for activity. Thus, a novel synthetic methodology has been developed to selectively introduce the desired substituents at different positions. From the study of the pharmacological properties (dose-response curves, duration of action, and acute toxicity) of the most active compounds, 4-amino-1,7-diethyl-6-methylpyrazino[2,3-c][1,2,6]thiadiazine++ + 2,2-dioxide (9) was selected for further investigation. Compound 9 (C10H15N5O2S) crystallizes in space group P21/a with unit cell dimensions a = 16.482 (1), b = 9.3484 (3), c = 8.333 (3) A, beta = 103.003 (3) degrees, Z = 4.
A SEALANT for Inter-App Security Holes in Android (2017)

Android's communication model has a major security weakness: malicious apps can manipulate other apps into performing unintended operations and can steal end-user data, while appearing ordinary and harmless. This paper presents SEALANT, a technique that combines static analysis of app code, which infers vulnerable communication channels, with runtime monitoring of inter-app communication through those channels, which helps to prevent attacks. SEALANT's extensive evaluation demonstrates that (1) it detects and blocks inter-app attacks with high accuracy in a corpus of over 1,100 real-world apps, (2) it suffers from fewer false alarms than existing techniques in several representative scenarios, (3) its performance overhead is negligible, and (4) end-users do not find it challenging to adopt.
BRAF T1796A Transversion Mutation in Various Thyroid Neoplasms (2004)

A high prevalence of activating mutation of the B type Raf kinase (BRAF) gene was recently reported in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). However, the frequency of this mutation in several other types of thyroid neoplasms was not thoroughly investigated. In the present study, in addition to PTC, we evaluated various thyroid tumor types for the most common BRAF T1796A mutation by direct genomic DNA sequencing. We found a high and similar frequency (45%) of the BRAF T1796A mutation in two geographically distinct PTC patient populations: one composed of sporadic cases from North America, and the other from Kiev, Ukraine, that included individuals who were exposed to the Chernobyl nuclear accident. In contrast, we found BRAF mutation in only 20% of anaplastic thyroid cancers and no mutation in medullary thyroid cancers and benign thyroid hyperplasia. We also confirmed previous reports that the BRAF T1796A mutation did not occur in benign thyroid adenomas and follicular thyroid cancers. Specific analysis of the Ukraine patients with confirmed history of radiation exposure failed to show a higher incidence of BRAF mutation. Our results suggest that frequent occurrence of BRAF mutation is inherently associated with PTC, irrespective of geographic origin, and is apparently not a radiation-susceptible mutation. The lack or low prevalence of BRAF mutation in other thyroid neoplasms is consistent with the notion that other previously defined genetic alterations on the same signaling pathway are sufficient to cause tumorigenesis in most thyroid neoplasms.
Ultra-fine Equiaxed Grains Obtained by Process of Hydrogenation, Aging and Dehydrogenation in &alpha;+&beta; Type Titanium Alloys (1991)

Titanium alloys can be hydrogenated with large amounts of hydrogen and dehydrogenated in vacuum at elevated temperatures. This paper aims at the equiaxed grain refinement of titanium alloys utilizing this phenomenon. Particular attention has been drawn to the control of two different types of dislocation structures introduced by the following treatments:(1) Precipitation of hydrides: On aging at relatively low temperature after solution treatment of hydrogenated titanium alloys, high density dislocations are introduced in the interior of hydrides and also in the surrounding region.(2) Martensitic transformation: On cooling from the β-phase or the α+β two phase region of hydrogenated titanium alloys, high density dislocations with uniform distribution are introduced in acicular martensites.The factor (1) gives rise to the localized dislocation structure which provides with heterogeneous nucleation sites for recrystallization, leading to the grain refinement. The factor (2) causes the subdivision of the, β-phase grain into fine martensite leaves with different variants, in each of which uniformly distributed dislocations of high density are introduced that may serve for the precipitation of hydrides.The combination of the two factors described above results in the grain refinement of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy containing large amounts of hydrogen, very different from the case simply utilizing the eutectoid trandormation. Specimens thus treated, exhibit ultra-fine equiaxed grains of about 1 μm diameter.
A combined HIFU-Fluorescence Tomography high-resolution imaging technique using temperature-modulated thermodots (2013)

We present a high-resolution fluorescence imaging technique based on the use of in-vivo temperature sensitive ICG loaded pluronic nanocapsules and the synergistic combination of two imaging techniques: Fluorescence Tomography FT and High Intensity Focused Ultrasound.
Control for audio receiver (1982)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Lars Odlen, Anders Hansson; Control for audio receiver. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 March 1982; 71 (3): 783. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.387560 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
IQ Imbalance Mitigation via Unbiased Training Sequences (2007)

Modern digital communication systems use quadrature modulation (IQ) such as QAM. An imbalance between the I and Q paths in the RF module results in self-interference that affects both channel estimation and data demodulation. We propose unbiased training sequences that automatically eliminate the interference from the channel estimate. Strong gains are achieved for high data rates. For additional gains, we also propose a relatively inexpensive extension to compensate for data distortion in OFDM. End-to-end (transmitter and receiver) and frequency-dependent imbalances are covered.
Maternal serum screening for Down syndrome in the first trimester: experience from Belarus (1999)

We have carried out a large retrospective study of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), free-beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein (PAPP-A) in the first trimester of pregnancy. Unlike other studies all women had routine ultrasound dating, carried out during a nuchal translucency measurement project. A total of 13,477 serum samples were tested for AFP and 11,659 for free beta-hCG. A subset of 1564 samples from unaffected pregnancies were also tested for PAPP-A on a case-control basis. All three markers were also determined in 31 samples from pregnancies with Down syndrome. Equations were derived to express results in multiples of the median using both gestational age and crown rump length and to adjust for maternal weight. Statistical modelling with Gaussian distribution parameters obtained in the study were used to predict the detection rate for a 5 per cent false-positive rate. The predicted rates were: 73.7 per cent for all three markers; 69.1 per cent for PAPP-A and free beta-hCG; 47.4 per cent for PAPP-A and AFP; 57.6 per cent for free beta-hCG and AFP. As these rates are similar to those in the second trimester, health planners may now want to consider a change in policy from second-trimester to first-trimester screening with biochemical markers.
Synthesis and preclinical evaluation of two new 18F-labeled PSMA inhibitors prepared via click chemistry (2015)

110 Objectives Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is over-expressed in the epithelium of prostate cancer and non-prostate solid tumor neovasculature, making it an excellent target for cancer imaging and therapy. Here we report the synthesis of two new low-molecular-weight PSMA-based imaging agents, [18F]YC-88 and [18F]YC-71, utilizing copper-catalyzed click chemistry and a comparison of the effect of the presence of a linker between the triazole and the PSMA targeting urea on radiotracer pharmacokinetics. Methods [18F]YC-88 and [18F]YC-71 were synthesized from 2-[18F]fluoroethyl azide ([18F]FEA) and the corresponding alkyne precursors. [18F]YC-71 contains a lysine-suberate linker between the fluoroethyltriazole moiety and the targeting urea. Biodistribution and PET imaging were performed in immunocompromised mice bearing PSMA+ PC3 PIP and PSMA- PC3 flu xenografts. Results YC-88 and YC-71 exhibited high affinity for PSMA as evidenced by Ki values of 12.9 and 0.6 nM, respectively. [18F]FEA was prepared in 29-47% yield (non-decay-corrected) and reacted with alkyne precursors to give [18F]YC-88 and [18F]YC-71 in 36-40% and 21-25% yields, respectively, after HPLC purification. [18F]YC-88 and [18F]YC-71 clearly visualized PSMA+ PC3 PIP prostate tumor xenografts via PET imaging. The PSMA+ PC3 PIP tumor uptake was 41.8 ± 3.2 %ID/g and 41.7 ± 8.2 %ID/g for [18F]YC-88 and [18F]YC-71, respectively, at 60 min post-injection, the time of highest uptake for each compound. Unlike [18F]YC-88, which exhibits rapid normal organ clearance, [18F]YC-71 had higher liver retention (21.5 ± 3.8 %ID/g for [18F]YC-71;1.5 ± 0.1 %ID/g for [18F]YC-88) at 60 min. Conclusions [18F]YC-88 and [18F]YC-71 were synthesized using click chemistry and both demonstrated high PSMA+ tumor uptake in mouse tumor xenografts. Because of its rapid non-target organ clearance and relatively simple two-step radiosynthesis, [18F]YC-88 is a viable new PET agent for imaging PSMA-expressing tissues. Research Support CA134675
Glucosylsphingosine Is a Highly Sensitive and Specific Biomarker for Primary Diagnostic and Follow-Up Monitoring in Gaucher Disease in a Non-Jewish, Caucasian Cohort of Gaucher Disease Patients (2013)

In summary, Glucosylsphingosine is a very promising, reliable and specific biomarker for GD.
Sensor controlled pyrolysis in consumer ovens (1998)

Pyrolysis means to heat a material up to high temperatures at which its molecular structure is thermally cracked. The residues of the heated material are gases and ashes. In modern consumer ovens this method is used to clean the walls of the oven cavity. The cavity is heated up to about 480°C. At this temperature the dirt sticking on the walls is thermally cracked into gases and ashes. The approach of the system described in this paper is to estimate the quantity of dirt to be pyrolysed in the cavity. This is done by using a gas sensor. The sensor measures the concentration of the gaseous residues in the exhaust air of the oven. Evaluation of the sensor signal makes it possible to minimise the energy consumption during the process. Furthermore, the sensor can be used as a safety device.
PREPARATION OF QUINOLINES SUBSTITUTED AT THE 2 OR 3 POSITION BY AN ALKENYL OR ALKYNYL CHAIN (2002)

ABSTRACT Quinolines substituted by a functionalized alkenyl or an alkynyl chain, either at the 2 or 3 position, were efficiently synthesized from 2-quinaldehyde and 3-bromoquinoline, respectively.
DNA methylation topology differentiates between normal and malignant in cell models, resected human tissues, and exfoliated sputum cells of lung epithelium (2022)

The results suggest that 5mC topology using high-resolution image cytometry shows potential for identifying hypomethylated cancerous cells in human tissues and amongst normal cells in matching sputum, which may render a valuable surrogate for biopsied tissues. This promising feature deserves further validation in more comprehensive studies.
Exploiting single-user web applications for shared editing (2012)

In the light of the Web 2.0 movement, web-based collaboration tools such as Google Docs have become mainstream and in the meantime serve millions of users. Apart from established collaborative web applications, numerous web editors lack multi-user support even though they are suitable for collaborative work. Enhancing these single-user editors with shared editing capabilities is a costly endeavor since the implementation of a collaboration infrastructure (accommodating conflict resolution, document synchronization, etc.) is required. In this paper, we present a generic transformation approach capable of converting single-user web editors into multi-user editors. Since our approach only requires the configuration of a generic collaboration infrastructure (GCI), the effort to inject shared editing support is significantly reduced in contrast to conventional implementation approaches neglecting reuse. We also report on experimental results of a user study showing that converted editors meet user requirements with respect to software and collaboration qualities. Moreover, we define the characteristics that editors must adhere to in order to leverage the GCI.