gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Economical, ISI-Immune Frequency Offset Estimator for DOCSIS Upstream Channels (2012)

This paper discusses the design and implementation of frequency offset estimation algorithms for DOCSIS upstream channels. A cost-effective estimator which approaches the Cramer-Rao bound for high SNRs is derived. The effect of ISI generated by upstream micro-reflections in typical cable networks is considered, and a condition upon the transmitted preamble sequence which guarantees unbiased estimation is presented. It is shown that the proposed estimator is unbiased for a wide range of preamble sequences, which is generally not the case for burst frequency estimators. This flexibility may be utilized by selecting a broadband preamble which is suitable for performing channel estimation and frequency offset estimation simultaneously, thereby increasing the efficiency of the upstream channels.
Edge SLAM: Edge Points Based Monocular Visual SLAM (2017)

Visual SLAM shows significant progress in recent years due to high attention from vision community but still, challenges remain for low-textured environments. Feature based visual SLAMs do not produce reliable camera and structure estimates due to insufficient features in a low-textured environment. Moreover, existing visual SLAMs produce partial reconstruction when the number of 3D-2D correspondences is insufficient for incremental camera estimation using bundle adjustment. This paper presents Edge SLAM, a feature based monocular visual SLAM which mitigates the above mentioned problems. Our proposed Edge SLAM pipeline detects edge points from images and tracks those using optical flow for point correspondence. We further refine these point correspondences using geometrical relationship among three views. Owing to our edge-point tracking, we use a robust method for two-view initialization for bundle adjustment. Our proposed SLAM also identifies the potential situations where estimating a new camera into the existing reconstruction is becoming unreliable and we adopt a novel method to estimate the new camera reliably using a local optimization technique. We present an extensive evaluation of our proposed SLAM pipeline with most popular open datasets and compare with the state-of-the art. Experimental result indicates that our Edge SLAM is robust and works reliably well for both textured and less-textured environment in comparison to existing state-of-the-art SLAMs.
Doppler-Compensated Adaptive Pulse Compression (2006)

Within the minimum mean-square error (MMSE) context the adaptive pulse compression (APC) algorithm has been shown to effectively suppress the range sidelobes resulting from large targets to the level of the noise thereby unmasking nearby small targets and yielding substantial sensitivity improvement over deterministic matched/mismatched filtering techniques. However, this sensitivity improvement is limited by filter mismatch whenever the radar returns from large target(s) undergo a substantial Doppler phase shift caused by significant radial motion relative to the radar platform. To correct for the Doppler-induced filter mismatch, the Doppler compensated APC (DC-APC) algorithm is presented whereby the respective Doppler shifts for large target returns are jointly estimated along with the illuminated range profile and subsequently incorporated into the APC adaptive receive filter formulation thus suppressing the Doppler-mismatch-induced range sidelobes and regaining a significant portion of the sensitivity improvement of APC.
Extracting alcohols from aqueous solutions. [USDOE patent application] (1981)

The objective is to provide an efficient process for extracting alcohols in aqueous solutions into hydrocarbon fuel mixtures, such as gasoline, diesel fuel and fuel oil. This is done by contacting an aqueous fermentation liquor with a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon mixture containing carbon compounds having 5-18 carbon atoms, which may include gasoline, diesel fuel or fuel oil. The hydrocarbon-aqueous alcohol solution is then mixed with one or more of a group of polyoxyalkylene polymers to extract the alcohol into the hydrocarbon fuel-polyoxyalkylene polymer mixture.
Reverse Micelle Supercritical Fluid Separations (1988)

Abstract Initial results are presented showing the potential applications of reverse micelle supercritical fluid solvents in separation processes. The formation of reverse micelles in supercritical nalkane continuous phases is described. Phase diagrams obtained from view-cell studies of micellar and microemulsion phases formed in supercritical fluids are reported and shown to be strongly dependent on pressure. The solubility of AOT in ethane and propane over a range of pressures shows behavior typical of solids in supercritical fluids. The maximum water-to-surfactant ratio (WO) increased dramatically in both ethane and propane systems as pressure was increased. At 300 bar WO = 4 for ethane at 37 'C and WO = 12 for propane at 103 *C. The initial use of supercritical fluids containing reverse micelles for the extraction of solutes from an aqueous phase, and as mobile phases in chromatography, is described.
A quick-turn 3D structured ASIC platform for cost-sensitive applications (2013)

This paper presents a novel 3D structured ASIC platform that lowers the development effort required to deploy 3D integration technologies in cost sensitive, low-volume applications. The key advantage of this structured 3D ASIC architecture, over custom 3D ASICs, is a fixed vertical interconnect pattern that is programmed by a single 2D metal-via mask, allowing individual die levels to be rapidly designed, fabricated, and assembled. The first silicon realization of this architecture is a 3D-stackable 12×12mm structured ASIC die with 42K interconnects, which is resource compatible with an existing 2D structured ASIC device of the same size. 3D die stacks built using this platform are also intended to be a less costly and more flexible replacement for a large 20×20mm monolithically integrated structured ASIC device. This 3D structured ASIC platform was des igned and fabricated in Sandia's 0.35-μm foundry, and high-density front-end-of-line through silicon vias (TSVs) were developed to implement the 3D vertical interconnects <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> .
Solution-Processed Ultrahigh Detectivity Photodetectors by Hybrid Perovskite Incorporated with Heterovalent Neodymium Cations (2019)

Hybrid perovskite materials have drawn a remarkable attention for approaching high-performance photovoltaics owing to their superior optoelectronic properties. But most of research studies focused on the pristine hybrid perovskite CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub>. In this study, we utilize a newly developed CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub>:<i>x</i>Nd<sup>3+</sup> (<i>x</i> = 0.5 mol %) thin film, where Pb<sup>2+</sup> is partially substituted by a heterovalent Nd<sup>3+</sup> cation, as the photoactive layer for solution-processed perovskite photodetectors. It is found that the resultant CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub>:<i>x</i>Nd<sup>3+</sup> (<i>x</i> = 0.5 mol %) thin film possesses superior thin film morphology, enhanced and balanced charge carrier mobilities, and suppressed trap density, resulting in enhanced photocurrent and reduced dark current for perovskite photodetectors by the CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub>:<i>x</i>Nd<sup>3+</sup> (<i>x</i> = 0.5 mol %) thin film. Thus, operated at room temperature, solution-processed perovskite photodetectors exhibit over 10<sup>14</sup> cm Hz<sup>1/2</sup> W<sup>-1</sup> photodetectivity in a spectrum range from 350 to 800 nm, a linear dynamic range over 100 dB, and fast response time. All these results indicate that high-performance solution-processed perovskite photodetectors can be realized by novel hybrid perovskite materials, where Pb<sup>2+</sup> is partially substituted by heterovalent Nd<sup>3+</sup> cations.
Aquareovirus Effects Syncytiogenesis by Using a Novel Member of the FAST Protein Family Translated from a Noncanonical Translation Start Site (2009)

As nonenveloped viruses, the aquareoviruses and orthoreoviruses are unusual in their ability to induce cell-cell fusion and syncytium formation. While an extraordinary family of fusion-associated small transmembrane (FAST) proteins is responsible for orthoreovirus syncytiogenesis, the basis for aquareovirus-induced syncytiogenesis is unknown. We now report that the S7 genome segment of an Atlantic salmon reovirus is polycistronic and uses a noncanonical CUG translation start codon to produce a 22-kDa integral membrane protein responsible for syncytiogenesis. The aquareovirus p22 protein represents a fourth distinct member of the FAST family with a unique repertoire and arrangement of structural motifs.
Enhancing Capacity of Spatial Multiplexing Systems Using Reconfigurable Cavity-Backed Metasurface Antennas in Clustered MIMO Channels (2018)

We propose a spatial multiplexing system using reconfigurable cavity-backed metasurface antennas. The metasurface antennas consist of a printed cavity with dynamically tunable metamaterial radiators patterned on one side and fed by multiple radio frequency ports on the other side (each port representing one communication node), forming a shared aperture. By individual tuning of the radiators, the antennas can generate steerable, concurrent beams that can be adapted to the properties of multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channels. In this paper, we present a 2 × 2 MIMO system with simulated metasurface antennas as transmit and receive antennas operating at 5.9 GHz. We demonstrate that the flexibility in beamforming supported by the metasurface antennas can be used to achieve low spatial correlation and high SNR gain in clustered MIMO channels, leading to a significant improvement of the channel capacity. Numerical studies show 2.36-fold, 2.11-fold enhancements of capacity in MIMO channels with one and two clusters, respectively, compared with an MIMO system consisting of linear dipoles. The MIMO system based on the metasurface antennas can be low cost, low profile, and low power. The metasurface antenna thus has potential applications in small cell networks requiring high data rate under bandwidth, energy, and cost constraints.
DeBot: Twitter Bot Detection via Warped Correlation (2016)

We develop a warped correlation finder to identify correlated user accounts in social media websites such as Twitter. The key observation is that humans cannot be highly synchronous for a long duration, thus, highly synchronous user accounts are most likely bots. Existing bot detection methods are mostly supervised, which requires a large amount of labeled data to train, and do not consider cross-user features. In contrast, our bot detection system works on activity correlation without requiring labeled data. We develop a novel lag-sensitive hashing technique to cluster user accounts into correlated sets in near real-time. Our method, named DeBot, detects thousands of bots per day with a 94% precision and generates reports online everyday. In September 2016, DeBot has accumulated about 544,868 unique bots in the previous one year. We compare our detection technique with per-user techniques and with Twitter's suspension system. We observe that some bots can avoid Twitter's suspension mechanism and remain active for months, and, more alarmingly, we show that DeBot detects bots at a rate higher than the rate Twitter is suspending them.
Abstraction Refinement for Ontology Materialization. (2014)

We present a new procedure for ontology materialization (computing all entailed instances of every atomic concept) in which reasoning over a large ABox is reduced to reasoning over a smaller ABox. The abstract ABox is obtained as the result of a fixed-point computation involving two stages: 1) abstraction: partition the individuals into equivalence classes based on told information and use one representative individual per equivalence class, and 2) refinement: iteratively split (refine) the equivalence classes, when new assertions are derived that distinguish individuals within the same class. We prove that the method is complete for Horn $\mathcal{ALCHOI}$ ontologies, that is, all entailed instances will be derived once the fixed-point is reached. We implement the procedure in a new database-backed reasoning system and evaluate it empirically on existing ontologies with large ABoxes. We demonstrate that the obtained abstract ABoxes are significantly smaller than the original ones and can be computed with few refinement steps.
Dependable Data Repairing with Fixing Rules (2017)

One of the main challenges that data-cleaning systems face is to automatically identify and repair data errors in a dependable manner. Though data dependencies (also known as integrity constraints) have been widely studied to capture errors in data, automated and dependable data repairing on these errors has remained a notoriously difficult problem. In this work, we introduce an automated approach for dependably repairing data errors, based on a novel class of fixing rules . A fixing rule contains an evidence pattern, a set of negative patterns, and a fact value. The heart of fixing rules is deterministic : given a tuple, the evidence pattern and the negative patterns of a fixing rule are combined to precisely capture which attribute is wrong, and the fact indicates how to correct this error. We study several fundamental problems associated with fixing rules and establish their complexity. We develop efficient algorithms to check whether a set of fixing rules are consistent and discuss approaches to resolve inconsistent fixing rules. We also devise efficient algorithms for repairing data errors using fixing rules. Moreover, we discuss approaches on how to generate a large number of fixing rules from examples or available knowledge bases. We experimentally demonstrate that our techniques outperform other automated algorithms in terms of the accuracy of repairing data errors, using both real-life and synthetic data.
Discovery of IWP-051, a Novel Orally Bioavailable Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Stimulator with Sustained and Dose-Dependent Hemodynamic Effects (2015)

Discovery of IWP-051, a novel orally bioavailable soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator with sustained and dose-dependent hemodynamic effects Takashi Nakai, Nicholas R Perl, Rajesh R Iyengar, Ara Mermerian, G-Yoon J Im, Thomas W-H Lee, Glen R Rennie, James Jia, Paul A Renhowe, Timothy C Barden, James E Sheppeck II, Karthik Iyer, Joon Jung, G Todd Milne, Chrissie Segal, Kimberly Long, Joy Miyashiro, Sylvie Bernier, Sarah Jacobson, Jenny Tobin, Courtney Shea, Peter Germano, Yueh-tyng Chien, Daniel Zimmer
Measurements for Structural Logic (2003)

Routability or wiring congestion in a very large scale integration chip is becoming increasingly important as chip complexity increases. Congestion has a significant impact on performance, yield, and chip area. Although advances in placement algorithms have attempted to alleviate this problem, the inherent structure of the logic netlist has a significant impact on the routability irrespective of the placement algorithm used. Placement algorithms find optimal assignments of locations to the logic and do not have the ability to change the netlist structure. Significant decisions regarding the circuit structure are made early in synthesis during the technology-independent logic-optimization step. Optimizations in this step use literal count as a metric for optimization and do not adequately capture the intrinsic entanglement of the netlist. Two circuits with identical literal counts may have significantly different congestion characteristics after placement. In this paper, we postulate that a property of the network structure called adhesion can make a significant contribution to routing congestion. We then provide a metric to measure this property. We evaluate the utility of adhesion as measured by this metric to estimate and optimize postrouting congestion early in the design flow. A heuristic for measuring adhesion is evaluated as well.
Lysosomal Protective Protein/Cathepsin A (1995)

Lysosomal protective protein/cathepsin A is a serine carboxypeptidase that forms a complex with beta-galactosidase and neuraminidase. The enzyme is synthesized as a 54-kDa precursor/zymogen and processed into a catalytically active 32- and 20-kDa two-chain form. We have expressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells the human one-chain precursor as well as the two separate subunits in order to establish the mode of catalytic activation of the zymogen and the assembly and activation of the two subunits. Infected insect cells synthesize large quantities of the exogenous proteins, which are glycosylated and secreted but not processed. Co-expression of the two subunits results in their assembly into a two-chain form of 34- and 20-kDa with negligible enzymatic activity. Limited proteolysis with trypsin of the 54-kDa precursor and the reconstituted 34- and 20-kDa form gives rise to a fully active 32- and 20-kDa product. These results enabled us to map the sites of proteolytic cleavage needed for full activation of the cathepsin A zymogen. They further indicate that the 34- and 20-kDa form is a transient processing intermediate that is converted into a mature and active enzyme by removal of a 2-kDa "linker" peptide from the COOH terminus of the 34-kDa subunit.
Hairpin RNA derived from viral NIa gene confers immunity to wheat streak mosaic virus infection in transgenic wheat plants (2010)

Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), vectored by Wheat curl mite, has been of great economic importance in the Great Plains of the United States and Canada. Recently, the virus has been identified in Australia, where it has spread quickly to all major wheat growing areas. The difficulties in finding adequate natural resistance in wheat prompted us to develop transgenic resistance based on RNA interference (RNAi). An RNAi construct was designed to target the nuclear inclusion protein 'a' (NIa) gene of WSMV. Wheat was stably cotransformed with two plasmids: pStargate-NIa expressing hairpin RNA (hpRNA) including WSMV sequence and pCMneoSTLS2 with the nptII selectable marker. When T(1) progeny were assayed against WSMV, ten of sixteen families showed complete resistance in transgenic segregants. The resistance was classified as immunity by four criteria: no disease symptoms were produced; ELISA readings were as in uninoculated plants; viral sequences could not be detected by RT-PCR from leaf extracts; and leaf extracts failed to give infections in susceptible plants when used in test-inoculation experiments. Southern blot hybridization analysis indicated hpRNA transgene integrated into the wheat genome. Moreover, accumulation of small RNAs derived from the hpRNA transgene sequence positively correlated with immunity. We also showed that the selectable marker gene nptII segregated independently of the hpRNA transgene in some transgenics, and therefore demonstrated that it is possible using these techniques, to produce marker-free WSMV immune transgenic plants. This is the first report of immunity in wheat to WSMV using a spliceable intron hpRNA strategy.
Nickel doping of boron carbide grown by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (1996)

We have nickel doped boron carbide grown by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The source gas closo-1,2-dicarbadodecaborane (ortho-carborane) was used to grow the boron carbide, while nickelocene [Ni(C5H5)2] was used to introduce nickel into the growing film. The doping of nickel transformed a p-type, B5C material, relative to lightly doped n-type silicon, to an n-type material. Both n-n heterojunction diodes and n-p heterojunction diodes were constructed, using as substrates n- and p-type Si(111), respectively. With sufficient partial pressures of nickelocene in the plasma reactor, diodes with characteristic tunnel diode behavior can be successfully fabricated.
Dual estimate receiver of binary offset carrier modulated signals for global navigation satellite systems (2007)

A dual estimate receiver of binary offset carrier (BOC) signals for GNSS applications is described. A unique estimate is derived solely from the code modulation. A more accurate but ambiguous estimate is derived solely from the subcarrier modulation. Any time difference between the two is rounded to the nearest subchip in order to correct the latter estimate. Implementation in the receiver is by a triple digital loop. The full potential accuracy of BOC is then reliably and unambiguously realised.
Expression of neurophysin-related precursor in cell membranes of a small-cell lung carcinoma. (1990)

A monoclonal antibody (mAb L6) to a small-cell lung carcinoma surface antigen recognizes a common epitope of vasopressin-neurophysin and oxytocin-neurophysin in hypothalamic nuclei. We now report on the identification of a neurophysin-like precursor in human lung carcinoma (LX-1) cell membrane. mAb L6 immunoaffinity chromatography of solubilized membranes resulted in a single band of approximately 45 kDa. Western blot analysis demonstrated immunoreactivity of this band with mAb L6, anti-vasopressin, and an antibody to the vasopressin precursor, pro-pressophysin. N-terminal sequencing of this band demonstrated a 21-amino acid homology with the N terminus of human pro-pressophysin, and substitution of a Cys33 residue in the tumor antigen with Arg33. Absence of immunoreactivity with the antibodies described above in cytosolic extracts and culture medium suggests nonsecretion of processed or intact pro-pressophysin-like peptide. Northern analysis of LX-1 mRNA with a 30-mer to the C terminus of rat pro-pressophysin resulted in a band of approximately 1000 base pairs, 250 base pairs larger than hypothalamic message. In situ hybridization of LX-1 tumor-bearing nude rat brain with the same probe demonstrated specific hybridization in rat hypothalamus and xenografted tumor. These findings suggest expression of a pro-pressophysin-like protein in this tumor cell line that is preferentially targeted to the cell membrane.
Ac stability of high power factor multi-pulse rectifiers (2011)

This paper studies the ac stability of high power factor multi-pulse rectifiers, proposing a new stability criterion to assess this condition under constant power load dynamics. Specifically, based on the multivariable generalized Nyquist stability criterion developed by MacFarlane and Postlethwaite, this paper shows how the fundamental stability problem at such ac interface is reduced to a single-input single-output (SISO) case. It is shown that the ac stability is fully determined by the SISO return-ratio of the d-d channel-or the power transfer channel of the desired d-q frame alignment; that is, the stability is solely determined by the d-d channel input and output impedances. Correspondingly, it is shown that the q-q channel trajectory on the complex plane is such that it cannot encircle the critical point (-1+j0) and be the cause of instability. Furthermore, it is shown that the multi-pulse rectifier stability can be indistinctively determined at either ac or dc terminals, which has great significance from a practical point of view. Simulation and experimental results are used to verify the implications of the proposed stability criterion.
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells enhance bone formation in orthodontically expanded maxillae in rats (2014)

This preclinical study might provide foundations for the underlying potential clinical use of MSCs after maxillary expansion. Given the fact that MSCs are currently in use in clinical trials, this approach might be a feasible treatment strategy to accelerate new bone tissue formation in midpalatal suture and to shorten the treatment period for patients undergoing maxillary expansion reinforcement.