gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neurophysiologically driven image triage (2006)

Effective analysis of complex imagery is a vital aspect of important domains such as intelligence image analysis. As technological developments lower the cost of gathering and storing imagery, the cost of searching through large image sets for important information has been growing substantially. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of using neurophysiological signals associated with early perceptual processing to identify critical information within large image sets efficiently. Brain signals called evoked response potentials, detected in conjunction with rapid serial presentation of images, show promise as a human computer interaction modality for screening high volumes of imagery accurately and efficiently.
Affinity Chromatography of Phosphorylated Proteins (2008)

This chapter covers the use of immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) for enrichment of phosphorylated proteins. Some requirements for successful enrichment of these types of proteins are discussed. An experimental protocol and a set of application data are included to enable the scientist to obtain high-yield results in a very short time with pre-packed phospho-specific metal ion affinity resin (PMAC).
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A SERIES OF LIPID-SOLUBLE ANTITUMOR BIS(CARBOXYLATO) (R, R-1, 2-DIAMINOCYCLOHEXANE) PLATINUM(II) COMPLEXES (1988)

Abstract A series of lipid-soluble platinum(II) complexes of the type [Pt(OCOR)2 (R, R-DACH)] (OCOR = neopentanoate, n-decanoate, or neodecanoate; R, R-DACH= 1R2R-diaminocyclohexane) has been prepared. These complexes have been characterized by various spectroscopic techniques [IR and NMR (carbon-13 and platinum-195)] and by the measurement of conductivity and specific rotation.
Cavity ring-down spectroscopy for quantitative absorption measurements (1995)

We examine under what conditions cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) can be used for quantitative diagnostics of molecular species. We show that CRDS is appropriate for diagnostics of species whose absorption features are wider than the spacing between longitudinal modes of the optical cavity. For these species, the absorption coefficient can be measured by CRDS without a knowledge of the pulse characteristics provided that the cavity ring-down decay is exponential. We find that the exponential ring-down decay is obeyed when the linewidth of the absorption feature is much broader than the linewidth of the light circulating in the cavity. This requirement for exponential decay may be relaxed when the sample absorption constitutes only a small fraction of the cavity loss and, consequently, the sample absorbance is less than unity during the decay time. Under this condition the integrated area of a CRDS spectral line approximates well the integrated absolute absorption coefficient, which allows CRDS to determine absolute number densities (concentrations). We determine conditions useful for CRDS diagnostics by analyzing how the absorption loss varies with the sample absorbance for various ratios of the laser pulse linewidth to the absorption linewidth for either a Gaussian or a Lorentzian absorption line shape.
Compact and self-retentive multi-ferrule optical backpanel connector (1992)

A compact optical backpanel connector called a compact and self-retentive multi-ferrule optical backpanel connector or an MU optical backpanel connector has been developed Eight plugs/jacks can be installed within the MU backpanel connector which is 42 mm high and 13 mm wide. A novel self-retentive mechanism, 1.25-mm diameter ferrules and advanced PC (APC) technology are used to realize a high performance connector with a low insertion loss of 0.1 dB and a high return loss of 50.3 dB.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Actively addressed single pixel full-colour plasmonic display (2017)

Dynamic, colour-changing surfaces have many applications including displays, wearables and active camouflage. Plasmonic nanostructures can fill this role by having the advantages of ultra-small pixels, high reflectivity and post-fabrication tuning through control of the surrounding media. However, previous reports of post-fabrication tuning have yet to cover a full red-green-blue (RGB) colour basis set with a single nanostructure of singular dimensions. Here, we report a method which greatly advances this tuning and demonstrates a liquid crystal-plasmonic system that covers the full RGB colour basis set, only as a function of voltage. This is accomplished through a surface morphology-induced, polarization-dependent plasmonic resonance and a combination of bulk and surface liquid crystal effects that manifest at different voltages. We further demonstrate the system's compatibility with existing LCD technology by integrating it with a commercially available thin-film-transistor array. The imprinted surface interfaces readily with computers to display images as well as video.
β-Lactones Inhibit <i>N</i>-acylethanolamine Acid Amidase by S-Acylation of the Catalytic N-Terminal Cysteine (2012)

The cysteine amidase N-acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA) is a member of the N-terminal nucleophile class of enzymes and a potential target for anti-inflammatory drugs. We investigated the mechanism of inhibition of human NAAA by substituted β-lactones. We characterized pharmacologically a representative member of this class, ARN077, and showed, using high-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, that this compound forms a thioester bond with the N-terminal catalytic cysteine in human NAAA.
Application and Evaluation of Highly Automated Software for Comprehensive Stent Analysis in Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography (2020)

Intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) is used to assess stent tissue coverage and malapposition in stent evaluation trials. We developed the OCT Image Visualization and Analysis Toolkit for Stent (OCTivat-Stent), for highly automated analysis of IVOCT pullbacks. Algorithms automatically detected the guidewire, lumen boundary, and stent struts; determined the presence of tissue coverage for each strut; and estimated the stent contour for comparison of stent and lumen area. Strut-level tissue thickness, tissue coverage area, and malapposition area were automatically quantified. The software was used to analyze 292 stent pullbacks. The concordance-correlation-coefficients of automatically measured stent and lumen areas and independent manual measurements were 0.97 and 0.99, respectively. Eleven percent of struts were missed by the software and some artifacts were miscalled as struts giving 1% false-positive strut detection. Eighty-two percent of uncovered struts and 99% of covered struts were labeled correctly, as compared to manual analysis. Using the highly automated software, analysis was harmonized, leading to a reduction of inter-observer variability by 30%. With software assistance, analysis time for a full stent analysis was reduced to less than 30 minutes. Application of this software to stent evaluation trials should enable faster, more reliable analysis with improved statistical power for comparing designs.
Elimination of False Positives Based on Shape Analysis of Nodule Candidates on Chest Radiographs (2001)

We have been developing an automated scheme of computer-aided diagnosis(CAD)for detection of lung nodules based on a difference-image approach in which a nodule-suppressed image is subtracted from a nodule-enhanced image. To further improve the performance of the scheme, we need to reduce the number of false positives and increase the sesitivity for detection of nodules. In this study, we focused on elimination of false positives of pulmonary nodules. First, we investigated an automated extraction method for nodules in a difference image and calculated various measures related to the shape of nodule candidates. Then we analyzed those measures to reduce false-positive detection. Our results indicated that 94 ROIs(13.5%)in the 696 false-positive ROIs were eliminated by using the method described in this study, whereas no true positive ROIs were eliminated. We conclude that our method based on shape analyses would be useful to eliminate some of the difficult false positives in the current CAD scheme.
A Simple Membrane Immunobead Assay for Detecting Ciguatoxin and Related Polyethers from Human Ciguatera Intoxication and Natural Reef Fishes (1998)

A simple membrane immunobead assay (MIA) for detecting ciguatoxin (CTX) and related polyethers directly from fish tissue is presented. A membrane laminated onto a solid plastic support is immersed with a piece of fish tissue in methanol. The membrane is thoroughly dried and placed into an immunobead suspension containing polystyrene particles coated with monoclonal antibody to CTX (MAb-CTX). Two beads of different diameter and color are used. The color intensity of the membrane is related to the concentration of the toxin bound to the membrane. Twelve of 13 fish implicated in human ciguatera fish poisoning showed borderline or positive responses in the assay. A Sphyraena barracuda sample that tested negative with the MIA and was highly toxic with the mouse toxicity bioassay showed only weak CTX-like toxin activity in the guinea pig atrial assay, indicating that the major toxin in the sample was not CTX-like. Examination of 154 routinely caught reef fish from Hawaii, Kosrae, and Kwajalein by MIA found 132 (86%) negative and 8 (5%) positive for CTX, with 14 (9%) giving a borderline response. Fish from Hawaii showed a higher frequency of borderline or positive responses than those from Kosrae and Kwajalein, probably because several species of fish from several islands of Hawaii were tested, whereas only one species from a single area was examined from each of the islands of Kosrae and Kwajalein.
Emulsifying Properties of a Peptide from Peptic Hydrolysates of Soy Glycinin (2005)

Soy glycinin was hydrolyzed by pepsin under controlled conditions. The emulsifying activity of the hydrolysates was found to be higher than that of glycinin. Fractionation of the peptides was performed in order to determine which peptides in the hydrolysates contributed to the enhanced emulsifying activity. A peptide fragment from an acidic subunit of glycinin A1a, corresponding to residues 209-275, was purified and was found to have a higher emulsifying activity at pH 4.0 than that of the original hydrolysate. Based on the hydropathic index, it is expected that the peptide possesses amphiphilic structure.
Full-length EBNA1 mRNA-transduced dendritic cells stimulate cytotoxic T lymphocytes recognizing a novel HLA-Cw*0303- and -Cw*0304-restricted epitope on EBNA1-expressing cells (2007)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) is an attractive target for immunotherapy against EBV-associated malignancies because it is expressed in all EBV-positive cells. Although CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) epitope presentation is largely prevented by its glycine-alanine-repeat domain (GAr), the use of mRNA-transduced dendritic cells (DCs) would offer the advantage of priming EBNA1-specific CTLs. After stimulation with GAr-containing EBNA1-transduced monocyte-derived DCs, two EBNA1-specific CTL clones, B5 and C6, were isolated successfully from a healthy donor. These CTLs recognize peptides in the context of HLA-B*3501 and HLA-Cw*0303, respectively. A novel epitope, FVYGGSKTSL, was then identified, presented by both HLA-Cw*0303 and -Cw*0304, which are expressed by >35% of Japanese, >20% of Northern Han Chinese and >25% of Caucasians. The mixed lymphocyte-peptide culture method revealed that FVYGGSKTSL-specific CTL-precursor frequencies in HLA-Cw*0303- or -Cw*0304-positive donors were between 1x10(-5) and 1x10(-4) CD8+ T cells. Moreover, both CTL clones inhibited growth of HLA-matched EBV-transformed B lymphocytes in vitro, and B5 CTLs produced a gamma interferon response to EBNA1-expressing gastric carcinoma cells in the context of HLA-Cw*0303. These data demonstrate that EBNA1 mRNA-transduced DCs may be useful tools for inducing EBNA1-specific CTLs that might be of clinical interest for CTL therapy of EBV-associated malignancies.
Nanocomposites of Semimetallic ErAs Nanoparticles Epitaxially Embedded within InGaAlAs-based Semiconductors for Thermoelectric Materials (2006)

We present the molecular beam epitaxial growth of nanocomposites consisting of semimetallic ErAs nanoparticles which are epitaxially embedded within InGaAlAs-based semiconductors. The properties of nanocomposites can be drastically different from that of the constituents, and in this case, the incorporation of ErAs is used to increase the thermoelectric power factor and decrease the lattice thermal conductivity, resulting in an increase in the figure of merit, ZT. In addition, the thermoelectric power factor is increased due to electron filtering (solid-state thermionic emission) by barriers within the composite. In one geometry, barriers of InGaAIAs, a wider bandgap semiconductor, are introduced into an ErAs:InGaAs nanocomposite. In a second geometry, ErAs particles are embedded directly into InGaAIAs. Electron filtering occurs due to the Schottky barriers which are formed surrounding the particles. We present a 400-element array based on these materials for thermoelectric power generation; a power density > 1 W/cm2 is demonstrated with a temperature gradient of 120°C.
Amalgam: A machine-learned generation module (2002)

Amalgam is a novel system for sentence realization during natural language generation. Amalgam takes as input a logical form graph, which it transforms through a series of modules involving machine-learned and knowledge-engineered sub-modules into a syntactic representation from which an output sentence is read. Amalgam constrains the search for a fluent sentence realization by following a linguistically informed approach that includes such component steps as raising, labeling of phrasal projections, extraposition of relative clauses, and ordering of elements within a constituent. In this technical report we describe the architecture of Amalgam based on a complete implementation that generates German sentences. We describe several linguistic phenomena, such as relative clause extraposition, that must be handled in order to successfully generate German.
GeoSim: Realistic Video Simulation via Geometry-Aware Composition for Self-Driving (2021)

Scalable sensor simulation is an important yet challenging open problem for safety-critical domains such as self-driving. Current works in image simulation either fail to be photorealistic or do not model the 3D environment and the dynamic objects within, losing high-level control and physical realism. In this paper, we present GeoSim, a geometry-aware image composition process which synthesizes novel urban driving scenarios by augmenting existing images with dynamic objects extracted from other scenes and rendered at novel poses. Towards this goal, we first build a diverse bank of 3D objects with both realistic geometry and appearance from sensor data. During simulation, we perform a novel geometry-aware simulation-by-composition procedure which 1) proposes plausible and realistic object placements into a given scene, 2) renders novel views of dynamic objects from the asset bank, and 3) composes and blends the rendered image segments. The resulting synthetic images are realistic, traffic-aware, and geometrically consistent, allowing our approach to scale to complex use cases. We demonstrate two such important applications: long-range realistic video simulation across multiple camera sensors, and synthetic data generation for data augmentation on downstream segmentation tasks. Please check https://tmux.top/publication/geosim/ for high-resolution video results.
Path integral Monte Carlo method and maximum entropy: a complete solution for the derivative valuation problem (1996)

Summary form only given. We propose a combination of the path-integral Monte Carlo method and the maximum entropy method as a comprehensive solution for the problem of pricing of derivative securities. The path-integral Monte Carlo approach relies on the probability distribution of the complete histories of the underlying security, from the present time to the contract expiration date. In our present implementation, the Metropolis algorithm is used to sample the probability distribution of histories (paths) of the underlying security. The advantage of the path integral approach is that complete information about the derivative security, including its parameter sensitivities, is obtained in a single simulation. It is also possible to obtain results for multiple values of parameters in a single simulation. The input to the path-integral Monte Carlo method is the assumed propagator for the stochastic process of the underlying. The path integral method is flexible about the input stochastic process and it can be used for both American and European contracts. Derivative valuation can be viewed as a statistical inference procedure about the underlying stochastic process. In its simplest form it reduces to the computation of implied volatility. It is known that the implied volatility matrix may contain significant variations across strike prices and contract maturities. This implies that parametrization of the underlying process via single volatility parameter is inconsistent with market data. Instead, we formulate an approach which allows one to generate a fully consistent estimate of the complete propagator for the underlying.
Dynamics of large χ(2) induced in SiO2 by temperature and electric field stress (1992)

We have recently reported 1 on the formation of a large, stable second-order nonlinearity χ (2) ~ 1 μm/V) in the near surface region (~10 μm) of commercial fused silica materials by a modest temperature and electric field poling process. This nonlinearity is approximately 10 3 larger than that found in fibers and approaches the nonlinearity of LiNbO 3 . We have proposed a mechanism involving mobile-ion charge transport and trapping to create a large internal field that interacts with the material χ (3) to produce this large χ (2) nonlinearity. In this paper, we report time-resolved measurements of the formation and decay of the nonlinearity for a sample maintained at elevated temperatures (~300°C) while the applied electric field is switched on and off. The nonlinearity is probed by monitoring the second harmonic generation with a cw mode-locked YAG laser excitation source. The observed time dependence of the nonlinearity is consistent with an ionic charge transport process.
EFFICIENT TEST SETUP FOR DETERMINING THE WATER-PERMEABILITY OF CONCRETE (1988)

The permeability of concrete is one of the most important factors influencing the durability of a concrete structure, and is a property of great interest to designers of concrete structures. However, very little data on this property of concrete exist, and there is not any widely used standard procedure for determining the permeability of concrete. The major problems generally encountered in performing a water-permeability test on concrete include (a) the great amount of time required for each test; (b) the possible leakage of water through the sides of the test specimens; and (c) the extremely low water flow rate, which makes an accurate measurement difficult to obtain. This paper presents a test setup and procedure that have been developed through experimentation and that have proven effective in dealing with the above-listed problems. The developed test setup can test 20 concrete specimens simultaneously by using 20 permeability apparatuses, which are connected to the same regulated compressed air source. The concrete specimens can be placed into and removed from the permeability apparatuses with a minimal loss of time and with no disturbance to the other test specimens. The problem of the effects of water evaporation on the measured flow rate has also been effectively dealt with. Another major advantage of this test setup is that it can be duplicated easily and economically. This paper also presents the results of permeability tests on three different Florida concretes subjected to four different curing conditions. The test setup has been demonstrated to be both reliable and efficient for determining permeability on a large number of concrete specimens.
Circulating Adiponectin Levels in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation (2008)

High plasma adiponectin levels are associated with the presence of persistent AF, which is accompanied by increased CITP levels. Thus, measurement of plasma adiponectin could be useful for assessment of AF.
Seasonal climate forecasts of the South Asian monsoon using multiple coupled models (2006)

This study addresses seasonal climate forecasts using coupled atmosphere—ocean multimodels. Using as many as 67 different seasonal-forecast runs per season from a variety of coupled (atmosphere—ocean) models consensus seasonal forecasts have been prepared from about 4500 experiments. These include the European Center’s DEMETER (Development of a European Multi-Model Ensemble System for Seasonal to Inter-Annual Prediction) database and a suite of Florida State University (FSU) models (based on different combinations of physical parametrizations). This is one of the largest databases on coupled models. The monsoon region was selected to examine the predictability issue. The methodology involves construction of seasonal anomalies of all model forecasts for a number of variables including precipitation, 850 hPa winds, 2-m/surface temperatures, and sea surface temperatures. This study explores the skills of the ensemble mean and the FSU multimodel superensemble. The metrics for forecast evaluation include computation of hindcast and verification anomalies from model/observed climatology, time-series of specific climate indices, and standard deterministic ensemble mean scores such as anomaly correlation coefficient and root mean square error. The results were deliberately prepared to match the metrics used by European DEMETER models. Invariably in all modes of evaluation, the results from the FSU multimodel superensemble demonstrate greater skill for most of the variables tested here than those obtained in earlier studies. The specific inquiry of this study was on this question: is it going to be wetter or drier, warmer or colder than the long-term recent climatology of the monsoon; and where and when during the next season? These results are most encouraging, and they suggest that this vast database and the superensemble methodology are able to provide some useful answers to the seasonal monsoon forecast issue compared to the use of single climate models or from the conventional ensemble averaging.
Design tradeoffs in a multi-modular capacitive wireless power transfer system (2016)

This paper investigates the tradeoffs involved in designing a single module in a multi-modular scalable capacitive wireless power transfer system suitable for stationary and inmotion electric vehicle charging. A matching network optimization is employed to design the module over a range of power levels, air-gap voltages, input and output voltages, and switching frequencies to evaluate impacts on its efficiency, safety, and practical implementation. Results indicate that increasing module power decreases the required matching network inductances, but at the cost of increased fringing fields. Increasing switching frequency, however, decreases both the required inductances and fringing fields. Maximum and minimum limits on module power and switching frequency are determined based on a detailed air-core inductor design procedure. These module-level results are currently informing the design of a kW-level multi-modular capacitive WPT system with a 12-cm air-gap and a target power transfer density of 50 kW/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .