gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Mechanically Reconfigurable Patch Antenna With Polarization Diversity (2018)

A mechanically reconfigurable patch antenna with polarization diversity is presented. The antenna is composed of a fixed L-probe feed on a bottom substrate layer and a patch with truncated corners on an upper substrate layer that can rotate in azimuth. The layers are held together with a thin bolt going through the center of both layers. The handedness of the circular polarization (right-hand circular polarization or left-hand circular polarization) may be changed by simply rotating the upper substrate by 90° with respect to the fixed capacitively coupled feed. Additionally, since the upper layer is not permanently attached, the resonant frequency may be modified by swapping out the patch with one having different dimensions. The L-probe presented in this letter is impedance-matched to patch sizes resonating in the range of 1.0-1.8 GHz. The antenna design is presented along with measurement results, which are shown to be in excellent agreement with simulations. This simple and low-cost reconfigurable design is ideal for applications or systems where the antenna requirements may be variable.
Modified Coherent Rotation Model For Fiber-Optic Magnetometers Using Magnetostrictive Transducers (1990)

We propose a modified coherent rotation model to describe recently observed phenomena in the magnetostrictive responses of Metglas transducers used in fiber-optic magnetometers. A technique to extract the values of the transducer parameters is described. Predictions of the performance of a cylindrical transducer based on the measured values for the transducer parameters are presented and compared to the experimental result.
Involvement of Epithelial Cell Transforming Sequence-2 Oncoantigen in Lung and Esophageal Cancer Progression (2008)

ECT2 cancer-testis antigen is likely to be a prognostic biomarker in clinic and a potential therapeutic target for the development of anticancer drugs and cancer vaccines for lung and esophageal cancers.
Solenoid Valve With Self-Compensation (1987)

New solenoid-operated miniature shutoff valve provides self-compensation of differential pressure forces that cause jamming or insufficient valve closure as in single-seal valves. Dual-seal valve is bidirectional. Valve simultaneously seals both inlet and outlet tubes by pressing single disk of silicone rubber against ends of both.
Sensor and Control Design Issues for Implementation of Real-Time Deposition Rate Control for Plasma Spray (2008)

Real-time control offers the potential to reduce plasma spray variations that affect yield and coating quality. Important factors for designing such controllers are discussed including sensor issues, dominant nonlinearities, and cross-coupling interactions. The performance of several alternative strategies to achieve better coating thickness control are evaluated.
Sonically Assisted Electroanalytical Detection of Ultratrace Arsenic (2004)

A simple portable handheld electrochemical sensor with an integrated sound source for the detection of ultratrace quantities of arsenic using square wave anodic stripping voltammetry is described. The sensor uses low-frequency sound (250 Hz) during the arsenic deposition step to enhance the sensitivity of the arsenic stripping response. It is found that under quiescent (silent) conditions a detection limit of 2.1 x 10(-7) M with a sensitivity of 0.51 M(-1) A is achievable using a 120-s accumulation period, while applying low-frequency sound using a "sonotrode" reduced this detection limit to 3.7 x 10(-9) M with an increased sensitivity of 27.2 M(-1) A. Thus, the low-frequency sonotrode is shown to increase the sensitivity by ca. 50 times while reducing the limit of detection by 2 orders of magnitude. A study of the effect of copper contamination is carried out as well as analysis in real samples; it is found that although as expected copper detrimentally effects the arsenic limit of detection, it does not rise significantly above 10(-8) M levels.
Reconstruction of three-dimensional surfaces from two-dimensional binary images (1989)

The authors describe a method for reconstruction of three-dimensional visible and invisible opaque surfaces using moving shadows. An object whose shape is to be determined is placed on a reference surface. A beam of substantially parallel rays of light is projected at the object at a set of different angles relative to the reference surface. Using a camera which is placed above the reference surface, the shadows cast by the object for each angle are transferred to a computer. A three-dimensional binary level shadow diagram (3DBL shadowgram) is formed and analyzed. The shadowgram has some features which make the reconstruction very simple: a section of the 3DBL shadowgram, referred to as a 2DBL shadowgram, can be used to determine the heights of points of the object to be reconstructed. Further analysis of some curves of the shadowgram can be used for the partial reconstruction of invisible surfaces. A set of experimental results to test the effects of the threshold, camera resolution, and the number of pictures demonstrates the robustness and usefulness of the method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<title>A Synthetic Aperture Phase Measurement System Using A Metering Rod Bridge With Corner Cubes</title> (1984)

A wavefront control concept has been developed for piston phase matching of an array of subaperture telescopes such as might be used as a pointer for laser power transmission or for an astronomical telescope. Deep within the optical system, an absolute distance inter-ferometer injects a diagnostic beam into the main beam train. The diagnostic beam is divided into smaller beams which propagate through the subaperture beam trains and exit out of the subaperture telescopes. A metering rod is placed so as to bridge the outgoing diagnostic beams from adjacent subaperture telescopes. If a series of small retro-reflecting corner cubes are attached to the metering rod, these retro-reflectors will return these wavefront samples back through the beam train to the absolute distance interferometer where the samples from one subaperture are compared indirectly to those from the adjacent subaperture through a common reference beam. The absolute distance interferometer is a two wavelength digital heterodyne interferometer. The absolute distance interferometer measures absolute phase, thus establishing the absolute optical path length (OPL) between the inter-ferometer and corner cubes. Differences in beam path are then adjusted to any required zero or non-zero value by optical trombones and an adaptive mirror incorporated in the beam path. Testing for colinearity of the reference corner cubes on the metering rod eliminates errors due to metering rod misalignment.
HyPer: A hybrid OLTP&amp;OLAP main memory database system based on virtual memory snapshots (2011)

The two areas of online transaction processing (OLTP) and online analytical processing (OLAP) present different challenges for database architectures. Currently, customers with high rates of mission-critical transactions have split their data into two separate systems, one database for OLTP and one so-called data warehouse for OLAP. While allowing for decent transaction rates, this separation has many disadvantages including data freshness issues due to the delay caused by only periodically initiating the Extract Transform Load-data staging and excessive resource consumption due to maintaining two separate information systems. We present an efficient hybrid system, called HyPer, that can handle both OLTP and OLAP simultaneously by using hardware-assisted replication mechanisms to maintain consistent snapshots of the transactional data. HyPer is a main-memory database system that guarantees the ACID properties of OLTP transactions and executes OLAP query sessions (multiple queries) on the same, arbitrarily current and consistent snapshot. The utilization of the processor-inherent support for virtual memory management (address translation, caching, copy on update) yields both at the same time: unprecedentedly high transaction rates as high as 100000 per second and very fast OLAP query response times on a single system executing both workloads in parallel. The performance analysis is based on a combined TPC-C and TPC-H benchmark.
Diamond-Shaped Mesh Network Routing with Cross-Layer Design to Explore the Benefits of Multi-Beam Smart Antennas (2016)

Conventional wireless mesh network (WMN)routing protocols are designed for the nodes that use the omni-directional or single-beam directional antennas. This research presents a throughput-efficient routing scheme for WMN, by taking advantage of the nodes equipped with the multi-beam directional antennas (MBDAs). Our routing design has the following two novel features: First, it is a cross-layer design by integrating the routing scheme with multi-beam oriented medium access control (MAC) scheme. Second, the routing topology has a diamond-like shape and uses the multi-path routes (i.e., one main path and a few side paths). The diamond shape makes the traffic converge and diverge periodically in the routing paths, which exploits the simultaneous data delivery capability of multi-beam antennas, and enhances the network throughput. Our simulation results demonstrate the high throughput efficiency of the proposed multi-beam routing scheme.
Selective Targeting to Glioma with Nucleic Acid Aptamers (2015)

Malignant glioma is characterised by a rapid growth rate and high capacity for invasive infiltration to surrounding brain tissue; hence, diagnosis and treatment is difficult and patient survival is poor. Aptamers contribute a promising and unique technology for the in vitro imaging of live cells and tissues, with a potentially bright future in clinical diagnostics and therapeutics for malignant glioma. The binding selectivity, uptake capacity and binding target of two DNA aptamers, SA43 and SA44, were investigated in glioma cells and patient tissues. The binding assay showed that SA43 and SA44 bound with strong affinity (Kd, 21.56 ± 4.60 nM and Kd, 21.11 ± 3.30 nM respectively) to the target U87MG cells. Quantitative analysis by flow cytometry showed that the aptamers were able to actively internalise in U87MG and 1321N1 glioma cells compared to the non-cancerous and non-glioma cell types. Confocal microscopy confirmed staining in the cytoplasm, and co-localisation studies with endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomal markers suggested internalisation and compartmentalisation within the endomembrane system. Both aptamers selectively bound to Ku 70 and Ku 80 DNA repair proteins as determined by aptoprecipitation (AP) followed by mass spectrometry analysis and confirmation by Western blot. In addition, aptohistochemical (AHC) staining on paraffin embedded, formalin fixed patient tissues revealed that the binding selectivity was significantly higher for SA43 aptamer in glioma tissues (grade I, II, III and IV) compared to the non-cancerous tissues, whereas SA44 did not show selectivity towards glioma tissues. The results indicate that SA43 aptamer can differentiate between glioma and non-cancerous cells and tissues and therefore, shows promise for histological diagnosis of glioma.
Focus and CD control by scatterometry measurements for 65/45nm node devices (2009)

Focus and CD simultaneous control method using scatterometry has been developed. Our focus and CD measurement technique consists of five layers scatterometry model that achieves the stable focus measurement at the exposure dose fluctuation. We utilize this feature and consider applying to the RSM (Response Surface Method) model for the focus and CD control. This control realizes a focus optimization and calculates the correct dose allowed for the focus effect. We've confirmed this method realizing high accuracy PR (Photo Resist) shape control and obtaining the CD variation reduction effect to 1/5 at the 65nm device.
Field Programmability of Supply Voltages for FPGA Power Reduction (2007)

Power reduction is of growing importance for field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). In this paper, we apply programmable supply voltage (Vdd) to reduce FPGA power. We first design FPGA logic fabrics using dual-Vdd levels and show that field-programmable power supply is required to obtain a satisfactory power-versus-performance tradeoff. We further design FPGA interconnect fabrics for fine-grained Vdd programmability with minimal increase of the number of configuration static-random-access-memory cells. With a simple yet practical computer-aided design flow to leverage the field-programmable dual-Vdd logic and interconnect fabrics, we carry out a highly quantitative study using placed and routed benchmark circuits, and delay, power, and area models obtained from detailed circuit designs. Compared to single-Vdd FPGAs with the Vdd level suggested by the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors for 100-nm technology, field-programmable dual-Vdd FPGAs reduce the total power by 47.61% and the energy-delay product by 27.36%
High Energy 13.9 nm Table-top Soft X-ray Laser Operating at 2.5 Hz Repetition Rate (2010)

We have demonstrated table-top generation of λ = 13.9 nm laser pulses with 7 μJ energy at 2.5 Hz repetition rate from nickel-like ions in a laser-created plasma that will enable new applications of coherent soft x-ray light on a table-top.
Design and Operation of Hall Thruster with Segmented Electrodes (1999)

Principles of the Hall thruster with segmented electrodes are explored. A suitable vacuum facility was put into service. For purposes of comparison between segmented and conventional thruster approaches, a modular laboratory prototype thruster was designed and built. Under conventional operation, the thruster achieves state-of-the-art efficiencies (56% at 300 V and 890 W). Very preliminary results under operation with segmented electrodes are also described.
A visibility model for quality assessment of dimmed images (2012)

Dimming the backlight of a liquid crystal display (LCD) reduces the dynamic range and intensity of a displayed image and hence has a profound impact on the perceived image quality. To reflect the actual degradation of image quality perceived by human eye, we take visibility in addition to contrast into account and develop a visibility model for image quality assessment. The proposed visibility model also considers factors related to the display and the ambient light to accommodate the viewing condition. Experimental results are shown to demonstrate the performance of the proposed model.
Fast algorithm for the solution of large‐scale non‐negativity‐constrained least squares problems (2004)

Abstract Algorithms for multivariate image analysis and other large‐scale applications of multivariate curve resolution (MCR) typically employ constrained alternating least squares (ALS) procedures in their solution. The solution to a least squares problem under general linear equality and inequality constraints can be reduced to the solution of a non‐negativity‐constrained least squares (NNLS) problem. Thus the efficiency of the solution to any constrained least square problem rests heavily on the underlying NNLS algorithm. We present a new NNLS solution algorithm that is appropriate to large‐scale MCR and other ALS applications. Our new algorithm rearranges the calculations in the standard active set NNLS method on the basis of combinatorial reasoning. This rearrangement serves to reduce substantially the computational burden required for NNLS problems having large numbers of observation vectors. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microwave-Assisted Mild Conversion of Natural Dihydrotagetone into 5-Isobutyl-3-methyl-4,5-dihydro-2(3H)-furanone, an Analogue of Whisky Lactone* (2007)

A microwave-assisted mild protocol is developed for the synthesis of 5-isobutyl-3-methyl-4,5-dihydro-2(3H)-furanone, an analogue of whisky lactone, from dihydrotagetone, an acyclic monoterpenoid obtained from Tagetes minuta. The methodology involved oxidation of dihydrotagetone in the presence of sodium metaperiodate/potassium permanganate/alumina to give 2,6-dimethyl-4-oxo-heptanoic acid, which upon reduction and subsequent lactonization provided 5-isobutyl-3-methyl-4,5-dihydro-2(3H)-furanone. The reaction is also conducted under conventional conditions and is compared with the microwave method.
Fulcrum Network Codes: A Code for Fluid Allocation of Complexity (2014)

This paper proposes Fulcrum network codes, a network coding framework that achieves three seemingly conflicting objectives: (i) to reduce the coding coefficient overhead to almost n bits per packet in a generation of n packets; (ii) to operate the network using only GF(2) operations at intermediate nodes if necessary, dramatically reducing complexity in the network; (iii) to deliver an end-to-end performance that is close to that of a high-field network coding system for high-end receivers while simultaneously catering to low-end receivers that decode in GF(2). As a consequence of (ii) and (iii), Fulcrum codes have a unique trait missing so far in the network coding literature: they provide the network with the flexibility to spread computational complexity over different devices depending on their current load, network conditions, or even energy targets in a decentralized way. At the core of our framework lies the idea of precoding at the sources using an expansion field GF(2h) to increase the number of dimensions seen by the network using a linear mapping. Fulcrum codes can use any high-field linear code for precoding, e.g., Reed-Solomon, with the structure of the precode determining some of the key features of the resulting code. For example, a systematic structure provides the ability to manage heterogeneous receivers while using the same data stream. Our analysis shows that the number of additional dimensions created during precoding controls the trade-off between delay, overhead, and complexity. Our implementation and measurements show that Fulcrum achieves similar decoding probability as high field Random Linear Network Coding (RLNC) approaches but with encoders/decoders that are an order of magnitude faster.
The two-user Responsive Workbench (1997)

Article The two-user Responsive Workbench: support for collaboration through individual views of a shared space Share on Authors: Maneesh Agrawala Stanford University, Stanford, CA Stanford University, Stanford, CAView Profile , Andrew C. Beers Stanford University, Stanford, CA Stanford University, Stanford, CAView Profile , Ian McDowall Fakespace, Inc., Mountain View, CA Fakespace, Inc., Mountain View, CAView Profile , Bernd Fröhlich Stanford University, Stanford, CA Stanford University, Stanford, CAView Profile , Mark Bolas Fakespace, Inc., Mountain View, CA Fakespace, Inc., Mountain View, CAView Profile , Pat Hanrahan Stanford University, Stanford, CA Stanford University, Stanford, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGGRAPH '97: Proceedings of the 24th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniquesAugust 1997 Pages 327–332https://doi.org/10.1145/258734.258875Online:03 August 1997Publication History 168citation1,305DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations168Total Downloads1,305Last 12 Months58Last 6 weeks7 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Combining PD-1 blockade with T-cell redirecting bispecific antibodies for solid cancer therapy. (2017)

98 Background: Bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) for redirecting T cells to cancers have shown promise in both preclinical and clinical studies. However, clinical results have been disappointing in solid cancers. We have applied the DOCK-AND-LOCK method to generate a novel class of trivalent bsAbs, each comprising an anti-CD3 scFv covalently conjugated to a stabilized dimer of different anti-tumor Fabs. Herein we report the characterization of two such constructs, (E1)-3s and (14)-3s, which activate T cells and target Trop-2- and CEACAM5-expressing cancer cells, respectively. Methods: Human breast and colonic cancer cell lines were grown in monolayer cultures or as 3D spheroids for in vitro evaluation. NOD/SCID mice carrying xenografts of MDA-MB-231 (a TNBC line constitutively expressing Trop-2 and PD-L1) were used for in vivo studies. A human PD-1 antagonistic murine hybridoma antibody was subsequently converted to its chimeric form (IMMU-cPD-1). Human PBMCs, or T cells isolated from buffy coats by negative selection, were used as effector cells in cytotoxicity assays. The effect of IMMU-cPD-1 on cancer cells pretreated with IFN-γ to induce the expression of PD-L1 was compared with those not pretreated. Results: (E1)-3s and (14)-3s, in the presence of human T cells, killed target cells grown as monolayers at low picomolar concentrations, with similar potency observed for drug-resistant cells. The antitumor efficacy was demonstrated for (E1)-3s plus human PBMCs in NOD/SCID mice bearing MDA-MB-231, and for human PBMCs combined with (E1)-3s or (14)-3s in 3D spheroids generated from target cell lines to mimic the in vivo behavior and microenvironment of these tumors. Moreover, with the addition of IMMU-cPD-1, the benefit of PD-1 blockade was indicated by increased cell death in 3D spheroids and longer survival of MDA-MB-231-bearing mice. Conclusions: These results highlight the potency of (E1)-3s and (14)-3s as T-cell redirecting bsAbs, emphasize the potential of combining such bsAbs with immune checkpoint inhibitors to improve the therapeutic activity in the immunotherapy of solid cancers, and provide a basis for using 3D spheroids as an alternative to in vivo models for evaluating T-cell functions.
Acoustically steered and rotated (ASTRO) optoelectronic 2D true-time-delay generation (1997)

A new 2-D true time delay (TTD) generation system architecture for phased array antennas is described. The method uses fiber chirp gratings and acousto-optic beam deflectors. By combining free-space optics and guided optics, the device complexity in conventional TTD systems has been significantly reduced. A proof-of-concept experimental results are demonstrated.
FOAMING OF SPRAYS WITH THE USE OF SCREENS (1997)

ABSTRACT Transformation of liquid sprays into foamed sprays was achieved with the use of a nozzle that contained a screen placed at a distance from the nozzle orifice. The quality of transformation was controlled by the percent open area of the screen with its optimum value being around 46%. Other important spray characteristics that affect the quality of foamed sprays are the spray velocity and distance between screen and orifice. The mechanism responsible for the transformation of liquid droplets into foamed particles is considered to be that of collisions between the liquid droplets and liquid bridges formed in the screen openings. The neck thickness of the liquid bridges depends on the percent open area of the screen. A low percent open area screen results in thick liquid bridges that cannot be effectively penetrated by the liquid droplets. On the other hand, a high percent open area screen results in very thin liquid bridges that are penetrated by the liquid droplets without transforming them into foamed particles.