gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Second Generation Prostanoid Receptor Antagonist Acting at Multiple Receptor Subtypes (2020)

It has previously been reported that a prototypical compound (AGN 211377), which blocks pro-inflammatory prostanoid receptors (DP<sub>1</sub>, DP<sub>2</sub>, EP<sub>1</sub>, EP<sub>4,</sub> FP, TP) and leaves open IP and EP<sub>2</sub> receptors so that their anti-inflammatory properties could be exerted, produced superior inhibitory effects on cytokine release from human macrophages compared to cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors. This favorable activity profile translated into animal studies, with AGN 211377 exceeding the level of inhibition afforded by COX inhibition. AGN 211377 was not, however, a practical drug candidate, having poor bioavailability and cost of goods concerns. Compound <b>1</b> (designated AGN 225660) represents a second-generation compound with an entirely different "druggable" core structure. Such a dramatic change in chemical scaffold created uncertainty with respect to matching the effects of AGN 211377. AGN 225660 inhibited RANTES, IL-8, and MCP-1 secretion by at least 50%, from TNFα activated human macrophages. Although AGN 225660 reduced TNFα-evoked MCP-1 release from human monocyte-derived macrophages, it increased LPS-induced MCP-1 secretion (up to 2-fold) from human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. However, AGN 225660 inhibited the release of IL12p 70 and IL-23 from human monocyte-derived dendritic cells stimulated by LPS by more than 70%. This effect of AGN 225660 was reproduced in part by the prototype compound AGN 211377 and a combination of selective DP<sub>1</sub>, EP<sub>1</sub>, EP<sub>4</sub>, FP, and TP antagonists. These findings suggest important effects on T cell skewing and disease modification by this class of therapeutic agents. AGN 225660 exhibited good ocular bioavailability and was active in reducing ocular inflammation associated with phacoemulsification surgery, LPS, and arachidonic acid induced uveitis.
Development of novel aptamers for low-density lipoprotein particle quantification (2018)

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is commonly used for CVD risk assessment; however, recent research has shown LDL particle (LDL-P) number to be a more sensitive indicator of CVD risk than both LDL-C and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Described herein are five single stranded DNA aptamers with dissociation constants in the low picomolar range specific to LDL-P and its subfractions. Furthermore, a set of antisense sequences have been developed and characterized that are capable of binding to the best aptamers and undergoing displacement by LDL-P for use in a simple, affordable diagnostic assay.
Breast Cancer Cells in Three-dimensional Culture Display an Enhanced Radioresponse after Coordinate Targeting of Integrin α5β1 and Fibronectin (2010)

Tactics to selectively enhance cancer radioresponse are of great interest. Cancer cells actively elaborate and remodel their extracellular matrix (ECM) to aid in survival and progression. Previous work has shown that beta1-integrin inhibitory antibodies can enhance the growth-inhibitory and apoptotic responses of human breast cancer cell lines to ionizing radiation, either when cells are cultured in three-dimensional laminin-rich ECM (3D lrECM) or grown as xenografts in mice. Here, we show that a specific alpha heterodimer of beta1-integrin preferentially mediates a prosurvival signal in human breast cancer cells that can be specifically targeted for therapy. 3D lrECM culture conditions were used to compare alpha-integrin heterodimer expression in malignant and nonmalignant cell lines. Under these conditions, we found that expression of alpha5beta1-integrin was upregulated in malignant cells compared with nonmalignant breast cells. Similarly, we found that normal and oncofetal splice variants of fibronectin, the primary ECM ligand of alpha5beta1-integrin, were also strikingly upregulated in malignant cell lines compared with nonmalignant acini. Cell treatment with a peptide that disrupts the interactions of alpha5beta1-integrin with fibronectin promoted apoptosis in malignant cells and further heightened the apoptotic effects of radiation. In support of these results, an analysis of gene expression array data from breast cancer patients revealed an association of high levels of alpha5-integrin expression with decreased survival. Our findings offer preclinical validation of fibronectin and alpha5beta1-integrin as targets for breast cancer therapy.
Effects of noise exposure on hearing health evaluated through short interval otoacoustic emission monitoring: Preliminary results with low and moderate noise exposure groups (2018)

Industrial workers are often exposed on a daily basis to noise doses that put them at risk of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL), which remains the largest cause of indemnity in North America industries. To improve occupational hearing loss prevention programs, a method to continuously measure hearing fatigue using otoacoustic emissions (OAE) has already been proposed by the authors using a portable and robust OAE system designed for noisy industrial use. The effectiveness in the field of the aforementioned method is examined by comparing a control group of unexposed subjects in laboratory and noise exposed subjects in the field. All participants are equipped with an hearing protection earpiece which includes the usual OAE measurement components as well as a microphone mounted on the outer faceplate of the earpiece. At regular intervals over the course of the day, the growth function of distortion product OAEs is measured for both groups while simultaneously measuring noise levels inside and outside the ear. Medial olivocochlear reflexes are also measured pre and post exposure to monitor other potential effects on hearing. Preliminary results of this study are presented and analyzed in the broader context of the dose-response relationship that could indicate individuals’ risk to develop NIHL.
An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the identification of antibodies to Senecavirus A in swine (2016)

A simple ELISA based on detection of antibodies to SVA VP2 will help to differentially diagnose IVD due to SVA and rule out the presence of economically devastating foreign animal diseases.
Statistical analysis of tracheal breath sounds during wakefulness for screening obstructive sleep apnea (2013)

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent disorder. The accepted method of diagnosis in widespread clinical practice, polysomnography (PSG), is costly and very time consuming; therefore, quick screening methods, especially when there is a need for quick diagnosis, is of great interest. Diagnostic methods which exploit subtle differences in breath sounds recorded during wakefulness, such as our group's Awake-OSA technology, have shown their capability to diagnose OSA at the research stage. Simplifying the breath sound recording procedure employed in the Awake-OSA diagnostic method would increase its efficiency when used in a clinical setting. In this study, we adopted breath sound data collected during wakefulness in two positions (sitting upright and supine) and two breathing maneuvers (nose and mouth breathing) from our previous study, and ran hypothesis tests on a wide variety of sound features to select the most significant features correlated with OSA. The goal was to investigate which combinations of patient position and breathing maneuver contribute the least to the significant features amongst groups of people with differing OSA severity, thus permitting simplification of the recording protocol. The results show that all signals recorded by a combination of the two breathing maneuvers and two positions result in features significantly correlated with OSA severity; this makes it impossible to confidently recommend that a combination be omitted from the recording protocol. Nevertheless, the results show that the majority of significant features originated from recordings made in the supine position. Therefore, as a step toward simplification of the Awake-OSA diagnostic algorithm, we may use breath sound signals recorded only in the supine position and further investigate the accuracy of the algorithm in distinguishing amongst groups with differing OSA severity.
PCR Amplification of Ribosomal DNA for Species Identification in the Plant Pathogen Genus <i>Phytophthora</i> (1998)

We have developed a PCR procedure to amplify DNA for quick identification of the economically important species from each of the six taxonomic groups in the plant pathogen genus Phytophthora. This procedure involves amplification of the 5.8S ribosomal DNA gene and internal transcribed spacers (ITS) with the ITS primers ITS 5 and ITS 4. Restriction digests of the amplified DNA products were conducted with the restriction enzymes RsaI, MspI, and HaeIII. Restriction fragment patterns were similar after digestions with RsaI for the following species: P. capsici and P. citricola; P. infestans, P. cactorum, and P. mirabilis; P. fragariae, P. cinnamomi, and P. megasperma from peach; P. palmivora, P. citrophthora, P. erythroseptica, and P. cryptogea; and P. megasperma from raspberry and P. sojae. Restriction digests with MspI separated P. capsici from P. citricola and separated P. cactorum from P. infestans and P. mirabilis. Restriction digests with HaeIII separated P. citrophthora from P. cryptogea, P. cinnamomi from P. fragariae and P. megasperma on peach, P. palmivora from P. citrophthora, and P. megasperma on raspberry from P. sojae. P. infestans and P. mirabilis digests were identical and P. cryptogea and P. erythroseptica digests were identical with all restriction enzymes tested. A unique DNA sequence from the ITS region I in P. capsici was used to develop a primer called PCAP. The PCAP primer was used in PCRs with ITS 1 and amplified only isolates of P. capsici, P. citricola, and P. citrophthora and not 13 other species in the genus. Restriction digests with MspI separated P. capsici from the other two species. PCR was superior to traditional isolation methods for detection of P. capsici in infected bell pepper tissue in field samples. The techniques described will provide a powerful tool for identification of the major species in the genus Phytophthora.
Inhibition of L-Deleted Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Replication by Alpha/Beta Interferon Involves Double-Stranded RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase (2001)

We previously demonstrated that the ability of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) to form plaques in cell culture is associated with the suppression of alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta). In the present study, we used Escherichia coli-expressed porcine and bovine IFN-alpha or -beta individually to demonstrate that each was equally effective in inhibiting FMDV replication. The block in FMDV replication appeared to be at the level of protein translation, suggesting a role for double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR). In support of these findings, treatment of porcine and bovine cells with 2-aminopurine, an inhibitor of PKR, increased the yield of virus 8.8- and 11.2-fold, respectively, compared to that in untreated infected cells. In addition, results of FMDV infection in mouse embryonic fibroblast cells derived from gene knockout mice lacking the gene for RNase L(-/-) or PKR(-/-) or both indicated an important role for PKR in the inhibition of FMDV replication.
System and method for determining harmonic contributions from non-linear loads using recurrent neural networks (2006)

This paper proposes a neural network solution methodology for the problem of measuring the actual amount of harmonic current injected into a power network by a non-linear load. The determination of harmonic currents is complicated by the fact that the supply voltage waveform is distorted by other loads and is rarely a pure sinusoid. Harmonics may therefore be classified as contributions from the load on the one hand and contributions from the power system or supply harmonics on the other hand. A recurrent neural network architecture based method is used to find a way of distinguishing between the load contributed harmonics and supply harmonics, without disconnecting the load from the network. The main advantage of this method is that only waveforms of voltages and currents have to be measured. This method is applicable for both single and three phase loads. This could be fabricated into a commercial instrument that could be installed in substations of large customer loads, or used as a hand-held clip on instrument.
Copper‐Vapor‐Assisted Growth and Defect‐Healing of Graphene on Copper Surfaces (2018)

Although there is significant progress in the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of graphene on Cu surfaces, the industrial application of graphene is not realized yet. One of the most critical obstacles that limit the commercialization of graphene is that CVD graphene contains too many vacancies or sp<sup>3</sup> -type defects. Therefore, further investigation of the growth mechanism is still required to control the defects of graphene. During the growth of graphene, sublimation of the Cu catalyst to produce Cu vapor occurs inevitably because the process temperature is close to the melting point of Cu. However, to date few studies have investigated the effects of Cu vapor on graphene growth. In this study, how the Cu vapor produced by sublimation affects the chemical vapor deposition of graphene on Cu surfaces is investigated. It is found that the presence of Cu vapor enlarges the graphene grains and enhances the efficiency of the defect-healing of graphene by CH<sub>4</sub> . It is elucidated that these effects are due to the removal by Cu vapor of carbon adatoms from the Cu surface and oxygen-functionalized carbons from graphene. Finally, these insights are used to develop a method for the synthesis of uniform and high-quality graphene.
Three-dimensional image reconstruction using bundle adjustment applied to multiple texel images (2016)

The importance of creating 3D imagery is increasing and has many applications in the eld of disaster response, digital elevation models, object recognition, and cultural heritage. Several methods have been proposed to register texel images, which consist of fused lidar and digital imagery. The previous methods were limited to registering up to two texel images or multiple texel swaths having only one strip of lidar data per swath. One area of focus still remains to register multiple texel images to create a 3D model.\nThe process of creating true 3D images using multiple texel images is described. The texel camera fuses the 2D digital image and calibrated 3D lidar data to form a texel image. The images are then taken from several perspectives and registered. The advantage of using multiple full frame texel images over 3D- or 2D-only methods is that there will be better registration between images because of the overlapping 3D points as well as 2D texture used in the joint registration process. The individual position and rotation mapping to a common world coordinate frame is calculated for each image and optimized. The proposed methods incorporate bundle adjustment for jointly optimizing the registration of multiple images. Sparsity is exploited as there is a lack of interaction between parameters of different cameras. Examples of the 3D model are shown and analyzed for numerical accuracy.
A new concept for solar energy thermal conversion (1975)

A material has been developed which allows a new approach to be made to the conversion of solar energy to heat. It consists of a dense array of metal whiskers grown with spacings of a few wavelengths of visible light. The material selected has low emissivity, and achieves significant optical absorption by trapping the light by a geometric maze effect. We have deomonstrated that absorption of normal incidence light is greater than 98% from 0.5 to 40-μm wavelengths, and hemispherical emissivity at 550 °C can be made less than 0.26. Since surfaces can be made of a single refractory element, such as W, high-temperature solar conversion (550 °C) should be maintained with good surface stability.
Cyclinacs: Fast-Cycling Accelerators for Hadrontherapy (2009)

We propose an innovative fast-cycling accelerator complex conceived and designed to exploit at best the properties of accelerated ion beams for hadrontherapy. A cyclinac is composed by a cyclotron, which can be used also for other valuable medical and research purposes, followed by a high gradient linear accelerator capable to produce ion beams optimized for the irradiation of solid tumours with the most modern techniques. The properties of cyclinacs together with design studies for protons and carbon ions are presented and the advantages in facing the challenges of hadrontherapy are discussed.
Identifying `Cover Songs' with Chroma Features and Dynamic Programming Beat Tracking (2007)

Large music collections, ranging from thousands to millions of tracks, are unsuited to manual searching, motivating the development of automatic search methods. When different musicians perform the same underlying song or piece, these are known as `cover' versions. We describe a system that attempts to identify such a relationship between music audio recordings. To overcome variability in tempo, we use beat tracking to describe each piece with one feature vector per beat. To deal with variation in instrumentation, we use 12-dimensional `chroma' feature vectors that collect spectral energy supporting each semitone of the octave. To compare two recordings, we simply cross-correlate the entire beat-by-chroma representation for two tracks and look for sharp peaks indicating good local alignment between the pieces. Evaluation on several databases indicate good performance, including best performance on an independent international evaluation, where the system achieved a mean reciprocal ranking of 0.49 for true cover versions among top-10 returns.
Photonic content-addressable memory system that uses a parallel-readout optical disk (1995)

We describe a high-performance associative-memory system that can be implemented by means of an optical disk modified for parallel readout and a custom-designed silicon integrated circuit with parallel optical input. The system can achieve associative recall on 128 × 128 bit images and also on variable-size subimages. The system's behavior and performance are evaluated on the basis of experimental results on a motionless-head parallel-readout optical-disk system, logic simulations of the very-large-scale integrated chip, and a software emulation of the overall system.
Square-lattice large-pitch hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (2008)

We report on the design, fabrication and characterization of silica square-lattice hollow core photonic crystal fibers optimized for low loss guidance over an extended frequency range in the mid-IR region of the optical spectrum. The fiber's linear optical properties include an ultra-low group velocity dispersion and a polarization cross-coupling as low as -13.4 dB over 10 m of fiber.
Late Immunoneutralization of Procalcitonin Arrests the Progression of Lethal Porcine Sepsis (2001)

The prolonged elevation of ProCT concentrations in sepsis allows neutralization of this peptide to be effective during the course of this disorder. These findings suggest that immunoneutralization of ProCT may be a useful treatment in clinical situations where sepsis is already fully established.
Optimization of multiphoton excitation microscopy by total emission detection using a parabolic light reflector (2007)

We have constructed a device that maximizes the probability of collecting all of the scattered and ballistic light isotropically generated at the focal spot of multiphoton excited emissions (MPE) to optimize the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for micro-imaging. This was accomplished by optically coupling a parabolic reflector (that surrounds the sample and top of the objective) to a pair of collimating lenses (above the sample) that redirects emitted light to a separate detector. These additional optics, combined with the objective, allow the total emission detection (TED) condition to be approached. Numerical simulations suggest an approximately 10-fold improvement in SNR with TED. Comparisons between the objective detection and TED reveal an enhancement of 8.9 in SNR (77% of predicted) for GFP-labelled brain slices and similar results for fluorescent beads. This increase in SNR can be used to improve time resolution, reduce laser power requirements/photodynamic damage, and, in certain cases, detection depth, for MPE imaging techniques.
Amorphic Diamond Films Grown With A Laser-Ion Source (1989)

An amorphic diamond-like film can be deposited from the plasma ablated by a laser from pure carbon feedstock. In this technique the output from Nd-YAG laser is focused on a graphite target placed in a UHV environment. The gross effect of the laser beam is to eject a plume of carbon vapor and then to ionize it. The resulting plasma traverses a drift space to the substrate to be coated. The deposited material generally appears smooth and transparent having an index of refraction of 2.2 to 2.5 and displays bright interference colors. Unrecognized variation of process variables sometimes produces a brownish coloration to the film. On Si(100), Ge, quartz, and glass electrical resistivity is high and the materials seem to fall into the same class of "dehydrogenated" materials as are traditionally produced by the ion beam methods. However, growth rates are much higher with this laser plasma source, routinely reaching 0.5 μm/hr. No seeding or heating of the substrate is needed and substrate temperatures seem to remain at ambient room values during processing. Progress in the characterization of this material will be reported.
VEDAS: A Mobile and Distributed Data Stream Mining System for Real-Time Vehicle Monitoring (2004)

This paper presents an overview of an experimental mobile and distributed data stream mining system that allows real time vehicle-health monitoring and driver characterization. It offers the motivation behind this application, explains the system architecture, discusses many challenges that the project faced, and shares some of the adopted solutions. The main contribution of the paper is our experience in building one of the very early distributed data stream mining systems for wireless applications that performs most of the data analysis related tasks using light-weight on-board computing devices. This paper points out that the distributed data mining technology can play a key role in solving real-life problems in a mobile application environment where computing, storage, power, and communication resources are limited. The paper also illustrates how privacy-preserving distributed data mining can play an important role in this type of applications.
The nature and kinetics of 2,4-dimethylphenol adsorption in aqueous solution on biochar derived from Sargassum boveanum macroalgae (2020)

Abstract Many industries produce 2,4-dimethylphenol (DMP) compound in the wastewater which is persistent, toxic, and carcinogenic. Therefore, an adsorbent was prepared by carbonizing a dried Sargassum boveanum macroalgae. The prepared biosorbent was investigated for adsorptive removal of DMP from aqueous solution. After carbonization, the biochar derived from S. boveanum macroalgae (BCM) removed almost 100% of DMP adsorbate. Effects of contact time, solution pH, adsorbate concentration, adsorbent mass, and temperature have been studied. It has been found that, within the experimental conditions, the maximum adsorption capacity is 17 mg/g, rate of adsorption follows pseudo-second order kinetics and the adsorption isotherm experimental data fit the Freundlich model. The thermodynamic parameters were calculated and it has been found that the adsorption of DMP on BCM is endothermic and thermodynamically favorable, and in addition the surface of BCM adsorbent shows affinity to the DMP molecules. The BCM adsorbent has the capability to remove around 65% of DMP from high saline seawater contaminated with DMP. Moreover, the prepared BCM adsorbent was reusable for at least four times in seawater for removal of DMP contaminant.