gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Calcium-Independent Receptor of α-Latrotoxin Is Not a Neurexin (1996)

alpha-Latrotoxin (alpha-LTx), a vertebrate neurotoxin isolated from Black Widow Spider venom, causes massive spontaneous neurotransmitter release. The molecular mechanism(s) by which the toxin exerts its effect is largely unknown. Here we report identification and purification of a novel membrane receptor with high affinity for alpha-LTx. Unlike neurexin Ia, a previously described high affinity alpha-LTx receptor, this novel protein binds alpha-LTx independently of Ca2+ presence and therefore may be a mediator of the calcium-independent stimulation of neurotransmitter release by alpha-latrotoxin. The major protein component of calcium-independent alpha-LTx receptors is a novel M(r) 120,000 protein which does not belong to the neurexin family. Among several tissues tested, the M(r) 120,000 protein was found only in brain.
Speech synthesizer using shift register sequence generator (1992)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Noriko Matsuo, Yukio Mitome; Speech synthesizer using shift register sequence generator. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 March 1992; 91 (3): 1791. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.403752 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for screening aflatoxin B1 in cottonseed products and mixed feed: collaborative study. (1989)

A joint AOAC/IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) interlaboratory study of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent screening assay (ELISA) for aflatoxins was conducted in laboratories in Canada, France, Japan, South Africa, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Tunisia, and the United States. Twenty-eight samples of raw and roasted peanuts, corn, whole cottonseed, cottonseed meal, ammoniated cottonseed meal, and poultry feed containing various quantities of natural aflatoxins and supplemented when appropriate with aflatoxin B1 were distributed to participating laboratories for testing. The assay is based on conjugation of pure aflatoxin B1 to an enzyme and the competition between this conjugate and (free) aflatoxins in the product for aflatoxin-specific antibodies coated onto microtiter well walls. After a wash step to remove all unbound aflatoxins, a substrate, added to each well, is catalyzed from a colorless to a green solution by any bound enzyme-conjugated aflatoxin B1 present. The intensity of the color decreases as the amount of free aflatoxin B1 in the product increases. Overall correlation was good between ELISA and thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) results for cottonseed products and mixed feed. Variable results were reported for corn and peanut product samples. Although some positive samples (greater than 15 ng/g) of cottonseed products and mixed feed were reported to contain less than 15 ng/g by visual determination, a review of data for absorbance measurements showed that the contamination level was close to the greater than or equal to 15 ng/g standard and would not have been reported as negative under routine screening.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Real-time monitoring of low-temperature hydrogen plasma passivation of GaAs (1990)

By monitoring photoluminescence (PL) in real time and in situ, hydrogen plasma operating conditions have been optimized for surface passivation of native-oxide-contaminated GaAs. PL enhancement is critically dependent on exposure time and pressure because of competition between plasma passivation and damage. Optimal exposure time and pressure are inversely related; thus, previous reports of ineffective passivation at room temperature result from overexposure at low pressure. Plasma treatment is effective in removing As to leave a Ga-rich oxide; removal of excess As increases the photoluminescence yield as the corresponding near-midgap-state density is reduced. Passivation is stable for more than a month. These results demonstrate the power of real time monitoring for optimizing plasma processing of optoelectronic materials.
A Listeria monocytogenes-Based Vaccine That Secretes Sand Fly Salivary Protein LJM11 Confers Long-Term Protection against Vector-Transmitted Leishmania major (2014)

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a sand fly-transmitted disease characterized by skin ulcers that carry significant scarring and social stigmatization. Over the past years, there has been cumulative evidence that immunity to specific sand fly salivary proteins confers a significant level of protection against leishmaniasis. In this study, we used an attenuated strain of Listeria monocytogenes as a vaccine expression system for LJM11, a sand fly salivary protein identified as a good vaccine candidate. We observed that mice were best protected against an intradermal needle challenge with Leishmania major and sand fly saliva when vaccinated intravenously. However, this protection was short-lived. Importantly, groups of vaccinated mice were protected long term when challenged with infected sand flies. Protection correlated with smaller lesion size, fewer scars, and better parasite control between 2 and 6 weeks postchallenge compared to the control group of mice vaccinated with the parent L. monocytogenes strain not expressing LJM11. Moreover, protection correlated with high numbers of CD4(+), gamma interferon-positive (IFN-γ(+)), tumor necrosis factor alpha-positive/negative (TNF-α(+/-)), interleukin-10-negative (IL-10(-)) cells and low numbers of CD4(+) IFN-γ(+/-) TNF-α(-) IL-10(+) T cells at 2 weeks postchallenge. Overall, our data indicate that delivery of LJM11 by Listeria is a promising vaccination strategy against cutaneous leishmaniasis inducing long-term protection against ulcer formation following a natural challenge with infected sand flies.
Single Base Extension in Multiplex Blood Group Genotyping (2009)

Transfusion recipients who become alloimmunized to blood group antigens require antigen-negative blood to limit adverse transfusion reactions. An alternative strategy to phenotyping blood is to assay genomic DNA for the associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A multiplex PCR coupled with a single base oligonucleotide extension assay using genomic DNA can identify SNPs related to D, C/c, E/e, S/s, K/k, Kp(a/b), Fy(a/b), Fy0 (-33 promoter silencing polymorphism), Jk(a/b), Di(a/b), and HPA-1a/b. Using this technology, individual SNP call rates vary from 98 to 100%. The platform has the capacity to genotype thousands of samples per day. The suite of SNPs provides rapid data for both blood donors and transfusion recipients and is poised to change whose blood is provided for potential transfusion recipients. The potential to dramatically lower the incidence of alloimmunization and to avoid serious hemolytic complications of transfusions can be realized with the implementation of this technology.
Spread spectrum signal detection using a cross correlation receiver (1995)

A technique is presented for the detection of very low power spread spectrum signals with high resolution direction finding, by cross correlating the outputs of two spatially separated receivers and forming the domain filtered cross spectral density (TDFCSD). Detection is achieved by threshold detection within the amplitude of this TDFCSD, while direction finding is achieved by phase slope estimation. Results are presented to show that the initial cross correlation can be performed by a time integrating acousto-optic correlator, enabling real time operation for wide receiver bandwidths.
Breakdown-Resistant RF Connectors for Vacuum (1987)

Resilient inserts compensate for insulation shrinkage. Coaxial-cable connector for radio-frequency (RF) energy resists electrical breakdown in vacuum. Used on RF equipment in vacuum chambers as well as in spaceborne radar and communication gear.
Projection decomposition via univariate optimization for dual-energy CT (2022)

Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) acquires two x-ray projection datasets with different x-ray energy spectra, performs material-specific image reconstruction based on the energy-dependent non-linear integral model, and provides more accurate quantification of attenuation coefficients than single energy spectrum CT. In the diagnostic energy range, x-ray energy-dependent attenuation is mainly caused by photoelectric absorption and Compton scattering. Theoretically, these two physical components of the x-ray attenuation mechanism can be determined from two projection datasets with distinct energy spectra. Practically, the solution of the non-linear integral equation is complicated due to spectral uncertainty, detector sensitivity, and data noise. Conventional multivariable optimization methods are prone to local minima. In this paper, we develop a new method for DECT image reconstruction in the projection domain. This method combines an analytic solution of a polynomial equation and a univariate optimization to solve the polychromatic non-linear integral equation. The polynomial equation of an odd order has a unique real solution with sufficient accuracy for image reconstruction, and the univariate optimization can achieve the global optimal solution, allowing accurate and stable projection decomposition for DECT. Numerical and physical phantom experiments are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method in comparison with the state-of-the-art projection decomposition methods. As a result, the univariate optimization method yields a quality improvement of 15% for image reconstruction and substantial reduction of the computational time, as compared to the multivariable optimization methods.
Electroless Co(W,P) and Co(Mo,P) deposition for Cu metallization applications (2002)

The barrier properties against Cu diffusion of thin-film (< 30 nm) Co(P) alloys are significantly improved when tungsten is added. It is not known whether the barrier properties are due to tungsten or any other refractory metal will have a similar effect. In this work we present a novel electroless cobalt-molybdenum-phosphorous Co(Mo,P) process. Both Co(W,P) and Co(Mo,P) deposition solutions were studied and we present their characteristics such as deposition rate and solid composition. We also present the thin film resistivity and show that the Mo alloy resistivity is higher than that of the W alloy. Auger electron Spectroscopy (AES) and X-ray Photon Spectroscopy (XPS) determined the film composition. The corrosion resistance of Co alloy/Cu/Co-alloy structures were studied by measuring the thin film resistance versus time at elevated temperatures, up to 350/spl deg/C. We conclude that both W and Mo alloy have similar barrier and corrosion protection priorities. Therefore, the improved barrier properties, as compared to Co(P) alloy is due the refractory metal and not specific to W.
Two Novel Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, Each with a Second Phosphotransferase-Related Catalytic Domain, Define a New Class of Protein Kinase (1991)

The protein-tyrosine kinases (PTKs) are a burgeoning family of proteins, each of which bears a conserved domain of 250 to 300 amino acids capable of phosphorylating substrate proteins on tyrosine residues. We recently exploited the existence of two highly conserved sequence elements within the catalytic domain to generate PTK-specific degenerate oligonucleotide primers (A. F. Wilks, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:1603-1607, 1989). By application of the polymerase chain reaction, portions of the catalytic domains of several novel PTKs were amplified. We describe here the primary sequence of one of these new PTKs, JAK1 (from Janus kinase), a member of a new class of PTK characterized by the presence of a second phosphotransferase-related domain immediately N terminal to the PTK domain. The second phosphotransferase domain bears all the hallmarks of a protein kinase, although its structure differs significantly from that of the PTK and threonine/serine kinase family members. A second member of this family (JAK2) has been partially characterized and exhibits a similar array of kinase-related domains. JAK1 is a large, widely expressed membrane-associated phosphoprotein of approximately 130,000 Da. The PTK activity of JAK1 has been located in the C-terminal PTK-like domain. The role of the second kinaselike domain is unknown.
The use of simultaneous multichannel endocardial and surface electrocardiograms for verification of exit site localization using body surface mapping (2002)

Exit sites of monomorphic ventricular tachycardia and focal sites of ventricular extrasystoles can be localized using an endocardial catheter in conjunction with a multichannel surface ECG, in order to find a suitable site for ablation. For this procedure, as well as for the diagnosis of these types of arrhythmia it is desirable to know the relation between surface ECG and site of origin accurately. This knowledge can be provided by endocardial pacing on well-known sites and recording the resulting ECG, but this method is hampered by the low resolution of catheter localization techniques, breathing of the patient, and cardiac motion. By pacing on an endocardial basket catheter, that has 64 electrodes, and simultaneously recording of the endocardial and body-surface leads, we may obtain useful data to establish the relation between pacing site, endocardial activation spreading, and surface ECG. These data can be used to create and verify localization methods for ectopic and paced beats. In this paper, we investigate the stability of basket-paced beats and localization results.
Immunoreactive proteins of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae in pigs (2014)

Swine dysentery (SD), caused by the spirochete Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, is a major problem in swine industry worldwide. Few antimicrobial drugs are active against B. hyodysenteriae and acquired antimicrobial resistance is regularly reported. The introduction of asymptomatic carrier animals represents an important threat for negative herds. Diagnosis is based on clinical signs, culture and PCR. However, no reliable diagnostic tests are commercially available to verify the SD status of a herd. By use of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and western blotting (2DWB) followed by mass spectrometry (MS) we aimed to identify immunoreactive proteins of B. hyodysenteriae that could be useful for the development of a serological diagnostic test.
42 Retinoid Receptors as Transcription Factors (1992)

OVERVIEW The process by which retinoic acid (RA) and its congeners elicit their effects on vertebrate development and physiology is mediated by ligand-activated transcription factors that are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Thus far, two distinct classes of retinoid receptor genes have been detected, the retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and the retinoid X receptors (RXRs); each subclass contains three separate genes. An analysis of RAR and RXR ligand specificity, target gene specificity, and patterns of expression suggests that each receptor pathway has both overlapping and unique functions. The ability of the retinoid receptors to interact with other nuclear receptors as well as other classes of transcription factors further increases the diversity and complexity of retinoic acid responses. INTRODUCTION In 1913, a nutritive factor was discovered as a lipid component of butter, egg yolk, and cod liver oil that in vertebrate animals was found to be essential for growth (McCollum and Davis 1913; Osborne and Mendel 1913). The factor was subsequently isolated and called vitamin A. Today, vitamin A and its natural and synthetic derivatives (the retinoids) are known to play essential roles in vision, reproduction, epithelial differentiation, hematopoiesis, bone development, and pattern formation during embryogenesis (Sporn et al. 1984). There is also considerable evidence to suggest that retinoids have potent antiproliferative effects and may be effective in the treatment of a variety of human diseases, including cancer (Ong and Chytil 1983; Sporn et al. 1984). Although vitamin A participates in many diverse and apparently unrelated functions, it is known...
Ovarian Autoimmune Disease and Ovarian Autoantibodies (2002)

Detection of specific autoantibodies remains the most practical clinical and research marker of autoimmune disease. The lack of consensus on ovary specific antibodies as a marker for ovarian autoimmunity has clinical and research consequences. The objective of this review is to summarize the evidence for ovarian autoimmunity and the detection of ovary specific autoantibodies in humans. Evidence favors the presence of an autoimmune disease of the ovary. Ovarian autoantibodies are associated primarily with premature ovarian failure (POF) and unexplained infertility. Variations in detection of ovarian autoantibodies are likely to be due to study design elements such as antibody test format, antigen preparation, and criteria for study and comparison groups. In addition, multiple targets appear to be involved in ovarian autoimmunity including ovarian cellular elements and oocyte related antigens. Many studies only assess one target antigen, leaving individuals with ovarian autoimmunity unidentified. The next most significant advance in characterizing ovarian autoimmunity will be definitive identification of the specific antigens and development of standardized tests based on use of specific antigens.
A novel exosite in the light chain of human activated protein C essential for interaction with blood coagulation factor Va (1993)

Activated protein C (APC) exerts its physiologic anticoagulant role by proteolytic inactivation of the blood coagulation cofactors Va and VIIIa. To identify regions on the surface of the light chain of APC that mediate anticoagulant activity, 10 synthetic peptides were prepared and tested for their ability to inhibit APC anticoagulant activity. The synthetic peptide-(142-155) inhibited APC anticoagulant activity in Xa-1-stage coagulation assays in normal and protein S-depleted plasma with 50% inhibition at 5-25 microM peptide. In a system using purified clotting factors, peptide-(142-155) inhibited APC catalyzed inactivation of factor Va in the presence or absence of phospholipids with 50% inhibition at 50 microM peptide. However, peptide-(142-155) had no effect on APC amidolytic activity or on the reaction of APC with the serpin, recombinant [Arg358]-alpha 1-antitrypsin. Moreover, peptide-(142-155) inhibited factor Xa clotting activity in normal plasma as well as in a prothrombinase assay in the presence of factor Va with 50% inhibition at 5 microM and 50 microM peptide, respectively, under the assay conditions. The peptide had no significant effect on factor Xa or thrombin amidolytic activity and no effect on the clotting of purified fibrinogen by thrombin, suggesting that it does not directly inhibit these enzymes' active sites. Peptide-(142-155) was shown to bind directly to immobilized factor Va.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Thermochemical nitrate reduction (1992)

A series of preliminary experiments was conducted directed at thermochemically converting nitrate to nitrogen and water. Nitrates are a major constituent of the waste stored in the underground tanks on the Hanford Site, and the characteristics and effects of nitrate compounds on stabilization techniques must be considered before permanent disposal operations begin. For the thermochemical reduction experiments, six reducing agents (ammonia, formate, urea, glucose, methane, and hydrogen) were mixed separately with {approximately}3 wt% NO{sub 3}{sup {minus}} solutions in a buffered aqueous solution at high pH (13); ammonia and formate were also mixed at low pH (4). Reactions were conducted in an aqueous solution in a batch reactor at temperatures of 200{degrees}C to 350{degrees}C and pressures of 600 to 2800 psig. Both gas and liquid samples were analyzed. The specific components analyzed were nitrate, nitrite, nitrous oxide, nitrogen, and ammonia. Results of experimental runs showed the following order of nitrate reduction of the six reducing agents in basic solution: formate > glucose > urea > hydrogen > ammonia {approx} methane. Airnmonia was more effective under acidic conditions than basic conditions. Formate was also effective under acidic conditions. A more thorough, fundamental study appears warranted to provide additional data on the mechanism of nitrate reduction. Furthermore, an expanded data base and engineering feasibility study could be used to evaluate conversion conditions for promising reducing agents in more detail and identify new reducing agents with improved performance characteristics.
Reaction-Bonded Boron Nitride-Aluminum Nitride Ceramic Composites (1991)

Hexagonal boron nitride-aluminum nitride (h-BN-AlN, 75-25 wt%) ceramic composites are synthesized by reaction bonding. Metallic component-free, relatively dense composites are obtained by using h-BN and Al as starting materials and by optimizing sintering conditions. In comparison with reaction-bonded BN, higher bending strength, 98 MPa, and higher thermal conductivity, 66 W/(m·K), are attained for a Y 2 O 3 -added BN-AlN composite. A low thermal expansion coefficient of 2.6×10 -6 /K is also achieved.
Evidence of a Susceptible Allele Inverting the Dominance of Rust Resistance in Soybean (2010)

Soybean rust (SBR) is the most threatening fungal disease in the major soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production areas around the world. In spite of the availability of chemical control with fungicides, the increase of production costs as well as operational difficulties associated with fungicide use for disease management has prompted the search for resistant genes in the soybean germplasm. Five genes ( Rpp1 , Rpp2 , Rpp3 , Rpp4 , and Rpp5 ) have been reported as capable of conferring SBR resistance in soybean. Here we report the genetic segregation of the SBR resistance in two populations derived from crossing the SBR resistance source PI 594760B with the breeding lines TMG06_0012 (Population 1 [POP‐1]) and TMG06_0011 (Population 2 [POP‐2]). In both populations the resistance segregated as a single gene, but the resistance gene was dominant in POP‐1 and recessive in POP‐2. Molecular mapping of the phenotype placed it in the vicinity of the Rpp1 locus in both POP‐1 and POP‐2. When the breeding lines TMG06_0011 and TMG06_0012 where crossed with several other sources of resistance at the Rpp1 , Rpp2 , Rpp4 , and Rpp5 loci or other putative loci, the inversion of gene action type observed with PI 594760B occurred only for the putative Rpp1 genotypes. We propose that a dominant susceptible allele, present in TMG06_0011, is causing the inversion of dominance observed in each of these crosses.
Novel Biphasic Synthesis of Porphyrin (1997)

An unusual synthesis of porphyrin has been developed using a novel biphasic solvent system. Under optimized conditions reproducible yields of pure porphyrin of over 15% can be easily obtained in about two hours from the acid-catalysed condensation of 2-hydroxymethylpyrrole in a solvent consisting of water and an immiscible ketone. Important variables of the reaction have been studied to improve the yield and characterize the limitations of the reaction.
Methylene Blue for the Treatment of Oral Mucositis Associated to Cancer Treatment in Pediatrics (2023)

Here, we report the use of a methylene blue oral rinse for the treatment of oral mucositis–associated pain. A child receiving chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia had progressive decline in clinical condition from uncontrolled oral pain associated with mucositis. Conventional therapy was shown to be ineffective and eventually discontinued. The patient received a methylene oral rinse treatment, which provided good pain control and allowed him to recover successfully completing his chemotherapy. The use of the methylene blue oral rinse can be a safe, inexpensive, and effective treatment for mucositis-related oral pain in the pediatric cancer patient population.