gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adjusting microbiome profiles for differences in microbial load by spike-in bacteria (2016)

Exogenous spike-in bacteria in gut microbiome studies enable estimation of ratios of absolute OTU abundances, providing novel insights into the structure and the dynamics of intestinal microbiomes.
RFID tag antenna based temperature sensing (2010)

Temperature monitoring is important in a number of fields, particularly cold supply chain applications. Most commercial wireless temperature sensors consist of transceivers, memory and batteries to maintain a temperature time history but this is expensive and allows for limited sensor deployment. In this paper, we propose a low cost temperature sensor based on the paradigm of passive RFID tag antenna based sensing. A simple mechanical method to permanently induce changes in RFID tag power characteristics upon exposure to temperatures greater than a threshold is presented. Critical temperature threshold violations can then be detected by monitoring received backscatter signal strength at a reader. The feasibility of the proposed hypothesis is examined via theoretical and experimental means. It will be shown that this sensing paradigm has the potential to greatly increase the pervasiveness of temperature sensing nodes and improve supply chain visibility and performance.
Factors affecting the concentration of acrylamide during deep‐fat frying of potatoes (2004)

Abstract The paper describes the effect of different factors influencing the concentration of acrylamide in deep‐fat fried potato products. In French fries the amount of acrylamide increased with the temperature as well as the frying time, especially at temperatures higher than 175 °C. The increase of acrylamide with the time followed a linear function, whereas a non‐linear relationship was given with the temperature of frying. As a result, a reduction of the processing temperature led to lower concentrations of acrylamide in the product. Both, oil type and silicon oil as antifoaming agents had no significant influence upon the acrylamide concentration in the food. The variety of potatoes had a strong effect on the acrylamide concentration in potato crisps and French fries. The investigation showed a significant correlation (r = 0.73) between the concentration of acrylamide and reducing sugars in raw potatoes, and no significant correlation with the asparagine concentration. The storage temperature of the raw material had an effect on the acrylamide concentration in the product. Lowering of the storage temperature from 8 to 4 °C resulted in an increase of the concentration of reducing sugars in the raw material, which led to a higher potential of acrylamide formation in the products. The experiments showed that the acrylamide concentration of French fries depended on the surface‐to‐volume ratio (SVR).
Self-powered Gate Driver Design for a Gallium Nitride Based Phase Shifted Full Bridge DC-DC Converter for Space Applications (2018)

Radiation hardened Gallium Nitride (GaN) Field Effect Transistors (FETs) for space DC-DC converter applications have been released to the market recently. However; space qualified digital isolators with small propagation delays, fast rise and fall times, and high common mode transient immunity necessary for isolated GaN gate drivers are not currently available. In this work, a self-powered isolated GaN gate drive circuit for a Phase Shifted Full Bridge DC-DC converter for space applications is designed and tested. Signal isolation and energy transfer to bias GaN gate driver chips are achieved using pulse transformers. Operation is successfully verified in a converter using 200 V radiation hardened GaN FETs and delivering 400 W from a 100 V DC bus. Experimental results show the effects that the voltage rate of change of the switch nodes have on dead time accuracy for the top switches in the proposed implementation, and a description of how better dead time accuracy was obtained is included.
Intelligent Data Analysis (2011)

Intelligent Data Analysis (IDA) is an interdisciplinary study concerned with the effective analysis of data. IDA draws the techniques from diverse fields, including artificial intelligence, databases, high-performance computing, pattern recognition, and statistics. These fields often complement each other (e.g., many statistical methods, particularly those for large data sets, rely on computation, but brute computing power is no substitute for statistical knowledge) (Berthold & Hand 2003; Liu, 1999). Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.
IDENTIFYING LEXICAL PARAPHRASES FROM A SINGLE CORPUS: A CASE STUDY FOR VERBS (2003)

A series of bischelate ionic silver complexes [Ag(L*)(2)][X] was prepared by complexation of a newly synthesized 2,2'-bipyridine containing chiral alkoxy chains in the 4,4' positions. The appropriate choice of the construction motifs allows the preparation of new materials in which several functionalities can be introduced. Indeed, when the anion X(-) is a triflate or a dodecylsulfate group, the right combination of intermolecular interactions promotes the production of liquid crystalline mesophases. Therefore, the presence of coordinating anions, which drives the supramolecular assembly, is essential to generate, at the same time, room-temperature columnar hexagonal mesomorphism, the columnar helical supramolecular structure, and excimeric emission.
Single‐Phase NaDyF<sub>4</sub>:Tb<sup>3+</sup> Nanocrystals as Multifunctional Contrast Agents in High‐Field Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging (2012)

Abstract The current work reports single‐phase, terbium‐doped sodium dysprosium fluoride (NaDyF 4 :Tb 3+ ) nanocrystals with green luminescence and good T 2 contrast in 7.0‐T MRI phantom and animal imaging. The current nanocrystals demonstrate good potential as a dual modal contrast agent for high‐field magnetic resonance (MR) and fluorescence imaging.
Separate measurements of the flexoelectric and surface polarization in a model nematic liquid crystal<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi></mml:math>-methoxybenzylidene-<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>′</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>-butylaniline: Validity of the quadrupolar approach (2001)

The temperature dependences of the surface polarization have been measured at the interface of a conductive glass with both the homogeneously and homeotropically oriented nematic liquid crystal p-methoxybenzylidene-p(')-butylaniline. The polarization was found in the field-off regime from the pyroelectric response of a cell to a short laser pulse, absorbed in the bulk of the liquid crystal. The temperature increment was calculated from the measurements of the birefringence induced by the same light pulse. It has been shown that the surface polarization at the homeotropic (m(h)) and planar (m(p)) interfaces is directed from an interface into the bulk and from the bulk to an interface, respectively (with a magnitude m(h) approximately -0.3 pC/m and m(p) approximately +0.2 pC/m at 25 degrees C). The experimental data may be explained in terms of the quadrupole model of the order-electric polarization with account of some additional contribution from molecular dipoles. The same technique also allows for the measurements of the z component of the flexoelectric polarization using a pyroelectric response of a hybrid (homeoplanar) aligned nematic cell and proper subtracting of the surface contributions. The flexoelectric polarization has been shown to be opposite to the sum of the surface terms m(h)+m(p) and directed from the planar to homeotropic interface. This means that the sum of the flexoelectric coefficients e=(e(1)+e(3)) is positive (e congruent with 1.7 pC/m at 28 degrees C). The temperature dependence of e has been shown to involve a combination of both the quadrupolar and dipolar contributions.
Comparison of clinical efficacy using the guidance of SonixGPS ultrasound navigation system and general ultrasound for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (2019)

Objective
To compare clinical efficacy using the guidance of SonixGPS ultrasound navigation system and general ultrasound for percutaneous nephrolithotomy.


Methods
One hundred and fifteen patients with kidney stone underwent PCNL from January 2016 to December 2016 in our hospital. There were seventy-five males and forty females, mean age was (45±10) years. All patients underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy with holmium laser. Fifty nine cases established percutaneous renal access under the guidance of SonixGPS ultrasound navigation system, and 56 cases setted up percutaneous renal access by general ultrasound. The differences of two groups in the puncturing time, blood loss in puncturing process, success rate of disposable puncture, incidence of sepsis, incidence of delayed hemorrhage, phaseⅠstone clearance rate were compared by statistical analysis software.


Result
Two cases under the guidance of general ultrasound got channel lost and were transferred to phaseⅡ, the percutaneous renal access was successfully established in the other 113 patients without intestinal and pleura damage. The puncture time of SonixGPS navigation group and general ultrasound were(3.9±1.0) min and (5.0±2.0) min respectively, blood loss in puncturing process were (26±9) ml and (28±12) ml respectively. The success rate of disposable puncture was 96.6% and 82.1% respectively, the incidence of sepsis was 1.69% and 1.78% respectively, the incidence of delayed hemorrhage was 3.4% and 8.9% respectively, phaseⅠstone clearance rate was 94.9% and 82.1% respectively. No significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of gender, age, stone location, stone size and degree of hydronephrosis (P>0.05). Significant differences were identified between the two groups in the puncturing time, the success rate of disposable puncture and phaseⅠstone clearance rate (P<0.05).


Conclusions
SonixGPS ultrasound navigation system applied for PCNL is safe and effective, which is a recommended guided approach in PCNL.


Key words: 
PCNL; GPS navigation; Ultrasound
P2P applied in CMS for advertising (2009)

Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks promise to be a means for secure, reliable and effective data distribution. This paper describes the p2pcds project, which requires such features for a closed distributed advertising system. In this system large multimedia files are to be shared for simultaneous display on a large number of advertising screens. The project delivers a new and improved P2P based approach for a currently available client-server system. p2pcds utilizes P2P networks for a decentral network structure and includes peers for data distribution to get a fast and reliable system. It also establishes multipoint connections via IP-multicast to increase the data transfer rate. Other features include a public-key-infrastructure for secure decentral authentication and a kind of a two-phase commit for concurrent data transfers. Presented are p2pcds concepts and some details about its implementation with Java and JXTA.
Nitric oxide, sepsis, and the kidney. (1999)

Although excess nitric oxide (NO) production plays a major role in the hypotension characteristic of sepsis, concurrent constitutive NO generation in the kidney during sepsis is essential for preservation of renal perfusion and prevention of glomerular thrombosis. The authors have shown that although all nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors restore normal blood pressure in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treated rats, only selective inducible NOS (iNOS) inhibition prevents the reductions in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), whereas nonselective inhibition of NOS further decreases GFR. Glomerular endothelial NOS (eNOS) activity was found to be inhibited by LPS. The decrease in eNOS activity was completely prevented by selective iNOS inhibition in vivo and in vitro. The adverse renal outcomes after LPS administration correlated with decreased glomerular eNOS activity rather than elevated NO production. These findings suggest that the decrease in GFR after LPS is caused by local inhibition of eNOS by iNOS possibly via NO autoinhibition. Selective inhibition of iNOS could represent a substantially superior approach for the treatment of the sepsis syndrome.
Joint Semantic and Motion Segmentation for Dynamic Scenes using Deep Convolutional Networks (2017)

Dynamic scene understanding is a challenging problem and motion segmentation plays a crucial role in solving it. Incorporating semantics and motion enhances the overall perception of the dynamic scene. For applications of outdoor robotic navigation, joint learning methods have not been extensively used for extracting spatio-temporal features or adding different priors into the formulation. The task becomes even more challenging without stereo information being incorporated. This paper proposes an approach to fuse semantic features and motion clues using CNNs, to address the problem of monocular semantic motion segmentation. We deduce semantic and motion labels by integrating optical flow as a constraint with semantic features into dilated convolution network. The pipeline consists of three main stages i.e Feature extraction, Feature amplification and Multi Scale Context Aggregation to fuse the semantics and flow features. Our joint formulation shows significant improvements in monocular motion segmentation over the state of the art methods on challenging KITTI tracking dataset.
Dietary protein effects on cholesterol and lipoprotein concentrations: a review. (1986)

Different dietary proteins exert different effects on plasma cholesterol concentrations. Animal studies have shown that animal proteins, most notably casein, increase plasma total cholesterol concentrations compared with vegetable proteins, such as soy. Soy protein has been shown to be hypocholesterolemic in rats, swine, primates, and rabbits. Epidemiologic studies have disclosed that vegetarians have lower mean plasma cholesterol concentrations than populations consuming diets of mixed proteins, but it is unclear whether this effect results specifically from the animal or vegetable nature of the protein. In human clinical experiments, substituting soy protein for mixed protein reduces plasma total cholesterol concentration in hypercholesterolemic subjects, but it causes only a small, nonsignificant change in persons with normal plasma cholesterol concentrations. The mechanism responsible for the effects of different proteins on plasma cholesterol concentrations has not been established. One hypothesis suggests that animal proteins, which have a greater content of phosphorylated amino acids than vegetable proteins, interfere with bile acid reabsorption. Another hypothesis suggests that the amino acid content of the protein affects cholesterol absorption, tissue storage, synthesis, and excretion. The dietary protein may also alter cholesterol metabolism by affecting plasma hormone concentrations, either postprandially or over weeks to months. Among the hormones thought to be affected by dietary protein source are insulin, glucagon, and thyroid hormones. Gastrointestinal hormones, such as gastrointestinal inhibitory polypeptide, may also be affected by dietary protein.
Colitis associated with biological agents (2012)

In the past, there has been considerable focus on a host of drugs and chemicals that may produce colonic toxicity. Now, a variety of new biological monoclonal antibody agents, usually administered by infusion, have appeared in the clinical realm over the last decade or so to treat different chronic inflammatory or malignant disorders.For some of these agents, adverse effects have been documented, including apparently new forms of immune-mediated inflammatory bowel disease. In some, only limited symptoms have been recorded, but in others, severe colitis with serious complications, such as bowel perforation has been recorded. In others, adverse effects may have a direct vascular or ischemic basis, while other intestinal effects may be related to a superimposed infection. Some new onset cases of ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease may also be attributed to the same agents used to treat these diseases, or be responsible for disease exacerbation. Dramatic and well documented side effects have been observed with ipilimumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody developed to reduce and overcome cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4, a key negative feedback regulator of the T-cell anti-tumor response. This agent has frequently been used in the treatment of different malignancies, notably, malignant melanoma. Side effects with this agent occur in up to 40% and these are believed to be largely immune-mediated. One of these is a form of enterocolitis that may be severe, and occasionally, fatal. Other agents include rituximab (an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody), bevacizumab (a monoclonal antibody against the vascular endothelial growth factor) and anti-tumor necrosis factor agents, including infliximab, adalimumab and etanercept.
True time delay integrated optical RF phase shiftersin lithium niobate (1997)

Integrated optical true time delay two bit phase shifters for 10 GHz RF frequency have been fabricated on Z-cut LiNbO3. Cascaded optical delay lines are connected by crossed-waveguide switches in a scaleable design. The devices exhibited 8-9 dB fibre-coupled insertion loss at 1.3 µm wavelength. The RF phase shifts were measured in the 9–12.5 GHz range.
The Sonographic Stenosis Index: A New Specific Quantitative Measure of Transplant Hepatic Arterial Stenosis (2016)

Stenosis index is more accurate than the resistive index and the pulsatility index for detecting transplant hepatic artery stenosis.
ISDN-PAS: an ISDN performance analysis system (2002)

The integrated services digital network performance analysis system (ISDN-PAS) is a software tool developed for analyzing the performance of voice calls on ISDN. It takes raw call control data collected from the D-channel of the basic rate interface (BRI) of digital subscriber loops (DSL), reconstructs the original call control sequences, and generates performance statistics for the switches and networks. ISDN-PAS is written in C and runs in either a Unix or an MS-DOS environment. Owing to its general-purpose design, it can be used to analyze the performance of basically any ISDN configuration-whether emulated or a real end-user environment.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Problems and Solutions (2001)

Edward T. H. Wang, Andrew Cusumano, Erwin Just, Norman Schaumberger, Roger B. Nelsen, Ayoub B. Ayoub, Rick Mabry, Paul Deiermann, Jack V. Wales, Jr., Dennis Walsh, Geoffrey A. Kandall, M. Reza Akhlaghi, David Atkinson, Jerrold Grossman, John Henry Steelman, Kent Holing, Thomas C. Wales, Problems and Solutions, The College Mathematics Journal, Vol. 32, No. 3 (May, 2001), pp. 211-217
Production and Characterization of Human‐Human and Human‐Mouse Hybridomas Secreting Rh(D)‐Specific Monoclonal Antibodies (1987)

Human monoclonal antibodies specific for the Rh(D) antigen were produced by cell lines generated by the fusion of pooled Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed B-cell lines secreting Rh(D) antibodies with the murine myeloma cell line NS.1 or with the human lymphoblastoid cell line HOA.1. The selection of hybrids was achieved in RPMI 1640 medium containing HAT and ouabain. Higher fusion efficiency was obtained with the NS.1 cell line; however, the hybrids with HOA.1 exhibited a greater clonal stability. The products of four clones (three human-human and one human-mouse) that consistently secreted antibodies for over 11 months were tested for specificity with a panel of red cells of various Rh phenotypes. The supernatants of all four clones showed anti-Rh(D) specificity but failed to react with the red cell Du phenotypes categorized as DV(Dw+) and DVI. Two of the three human-human clones secreted IgM(lambda) and the third IgG(kappa). The human-mouse clone produced IgG(kappa) antibody.
Pancreatic Cancer: Epidemiology and Risk Factors (2010)

Ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas has an incidence of approximately 10 per 100,000 population per year. This number pertains to Europe, North America and parts of South America (Argentina). Men are more often afflicted than women (female:male ratio of about 1:1.5, though reports vary). There has been a very small but steady increase in the incidence over the last 50 years. Unfortunately, numbers for incidence and mortality are still practically identical for this cancer. The peak of incidence is between 60 and 80 years of age. In absolute numbers, there are 8,000 cases diagnosed annually in Germany, and 33,000 in the US. Pancreatic cancer at <40 years of age is extremely rare (2 cases per million per year), but among 80-year-olds, the incidence is about 200 new cases per 100,000 population per year. In men, carcinoma of the pancreas is the fourth most common cause of cancer death after lung, prostate and colorectal cancer. In women, it is the fifth most common cause of cancer death. Risk factors for pancreatic cancer include high-fat diet, smoking, chronic pancreatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, hereditary pancreatitis, family history of pancreatic cancer and diabetes mellitus. In chronic pancreatitis, the risk for pancreatic cancer is increased 20-fold, in hereditary pancreatitis it is 60-fold higher than in the general population. In a kindred with 2 first-degree relatives with pancreatic cancer, the risk for pancreatic cancer for other members of that kindred is 7-fold higher.
ISOLATED PERFUSED LIVER TECHNOLOGY FOR STUDYING METABOLIC AND TOXICOLOGICAL PROBLEMS (1989)

The isolated perfused liver system is a versatile model for investigating the effects and mechanisms of action of hepatotoxins and the metabolism of endogenous and exogenous compounds. The interpretation of metabolic data and apparent toxic events is dependent upon the viability and reproducibility of the model. In this study, a new approach has been undertaken to assess the viability of isolated liver preparations. This has involved the continuous monitoring of multistage processes namely, the synthesis and secretion of radiolabelled proteins, glycoproteins and lipoproteins on the one hand and the uptake of macromolecules by receptor-mediated endocytosis on the other. The consistency of these complex integrated processes from one liver to another and in particular the steady-state rate of production of radiolabelled macromolecules over 6h perfusion periods suggests that this model can be used with confidence for metabolic/toxicological investigations. The selectivity of the responses to chemical challenge(s) shows that this system can be exploited for (a) screening potential hepatotoxins; (b) identifying areas of metabolism which are affected and (c) advancing basic knowledge of liver biochemistry.
A Candida albicans 37 kDa polypeptide with homology to the laminin receptor is a component of the translational machinery (1998)

A cDNA encoding a 37 kDa protein was isolated from an expression library using antibodies raised against mycelial cell walls from Candida albicans. The 37 kDa protein has over 60% sequence identity with the 37 kDa laminin-binding protein (LBP) from humans and over 80% identity with the Yst proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The C. albicans protein was named CaYst1. It was found in membrane and ribosome fractions but surprisingly, was not found in cell walls. Unlike the human LBP, CaYst1p does not bind laminin. These data indicate that CaYst1p is not a cell-surface receptor for laminin as has been proposed for the human LBP. Instead, like the S. cerevisiae Yst proteins, it appears to be a ribosomal protein. This conclusion is supported by the finding that CaYST1-cDNA complements the lethal phenotype linked to the disruption of both YST genes in S. cerevisiae.