gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High speed dV/dt control technology for SiC power module for EV/HEV inverters (2017)

This paper presents dV/dt control technology that enables lower switching loss and surge, especially higher speed switching of silicon carbide (SiC) devices. This technology is a surge reduction method using a high-speed passive gate driver that independently controls turn-on and turn-off events. Experimental results for a prototype gate driver confirmed that switching loss can be reduced by half.
Glow discharge preparation of amorphous hydrogenated silicon from higher silanes (1980)

Amorphous hydrogenated silicon has been deposited by plasma decomposition of Si2H6 and Si3H8. A major feature of the process is a deposition rate enhancement of over a factor of 20 compared to monosilane. The resulting films are compositionally similar to monosilane-produced intrinsic a-Si(H), but films deposited at 300 °C substrate temperature show greater photoconductivity. On the basis of our deposition experiments and the known thermolysis chemistry of the silanes, a conjectural model for the deposition process is presented.
Ability Emotional Intelligence, Attachment Models, and Reflective Functioning (2022)

Previous studies have reported a significant positive association between ability emotional intelligence (EI) and attachment security. However, these studies may, to some extent, be misleading because they relied on self-report measures of attachment security. Furthermore, to our knowledge, no study has yet investigated the relationship between ability EI and mentalization, operazionalized as reflective functioning (RF), although EI and RF were assumed to be "conceptual cousins." In an attempt to overcome some of the limitations of the previous research, the current study investigated the relationships between ability EI, attachment security, and mentalization measured <i>via</i> the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). Ninety-three volunteer participants from an Italian community population (49.5% males), aged from 27 to 55 years (<i>M</i> = 39.44; <i>SD</i> = 6.84), took part in the study. Significant positive correlations were found between ability EI, attachment security, and RF. The results shed some light on the relationship between different attachment strategies and ability EI. Hyperactivating attachment strategies correlated negatively with ability EI, while the correlation between ability EI and attachment deactivating strategies depend on which defensive strategy is used: avoiding the painful emotional contact with the memory of unpleasant childhood attachment experiences positively correlated with experiential EI, whilst the resort to derogation of the attachment needs correlated with impairment in EI. Findings from the current study suggest that future studies in developmental psychology are needed to investigate the development of the ability EI in relation to the quality of the attachment models more in-depth.
A User‐Interface Toolkit in Object‐Oriented PostScript Owen M. Densmore (1987)

Abstract Only the diehards want to develop applications using basic window system facilities. The preferred approach is a higher‐level “toolkit” of user interface components, such as menus and scroll bars. Experience with current toolkits shows the need for an object‐oriented interface to these components. NeWS, the Network/extensible Window System, allows user interface components to be programmed in PostScript. Fortunately, object‐oriented interfaces are natural in PostScript, and they have been used to create a toolkit with some novel properties. Among these are the use of concurrent processing and run‐time inheritance of component methods. “Postscript is the future of words on paper.” Arthur C. Clarke
Multicenter Evaluation of a Pathogenic <i>Mycobacterium</i> Screening Probe (2001)

The introduction of nucleic acid amplification assays into the clinical laboratory has reduced the time needed to diagnose diseases caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC). However, several mycobacterial species other than those of the MTBC are known to cause disease, especially in immunocompromised individuals. A screening assay has been developed for the detection of the major pathogenic mycobacterial species. The assay utilizes pan-genus primers to amplify mycobacterial DNA and a screening probe (KY493) that detects all major pathogenic mycobacteria. A multicenter European study was conducted to assess the performance of the screening probe in the clinical laboratory. The screening probe was evaluated against individual probes specific for M. tuberculosis, M. avium, and M. intracellulare, a genus-specific probe with broader species coverage, and culture. The screening probe had a sensitivity equivalent to that of the species-specific probes; all specimens positive with any of the species-specific probes were also positive with the screening probes. Compared to culture, the sensitivity of the screening probe was 89% (154 of 173) for all culture-positive specimens tested. This value was 89.6% for the genus-specific probe. The screening probe was more specific than the genus-specific probe. Specificity was 93.9% (661 of 704) compared to culture results alone. The comparable specificity value for the genus-specific probe was 84.8%. When clinical data were taken into consideration, the sensitivity of the screening assay was similar to that of culture (81% versus 76.2%) but the positive predictive value of the test was lower (76.2% versus 100% for culture). However, the screening probe was more sensitive than smear and may be a useful tool in the rapid diagnosis of mycobacterial disease.
Novel Hybrid Electrode Using Transparent Conductive Oxide and Silver Nanoparticle Mesh for Silicon Solar Cell Applications (2014)

Transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) have been widely used as the front electrodes for various solar cell structures, including heterojunction silicon wafer solar cells and the vast majority of thin-film solar cells. For heterojunction silicon wafer solar cells, the front TCO layer not only serves as a top electrode (by enhancing the lateral conductance of the underlying amorphous silicon film), but also as an antireflection coating. These requirements make it difficult to simultaneously achieve excellent conductivity and transparency, and thus only high-quality indium tin oxide (ITO) has as yet found its way into industrial heterojunction silicon wafer solar cells. For thin-film solar cells, in order to provide efficient lateral conductance of the charge carriers, normally a TCO layer of a few hundred nanometers thickness is used which impedes the optical transparency due to the enhanced free carrier absorption. To reduce the conflict between conductivity and transparency, and to separately engineer the electrical and optical properties, a hybrid electrode is proposed and fabricated by us which consists of a TCO layer (optical layer) and a silver nanoparticle mesh (electrical layer). This hybrid electrode is demonstrated to have a 10 times higher lateral conductance compared to a single TCO layer, while maintaining high light transmission in a wide wavelength range. Due to the excellent performance of the hybrid electrode, it is demonstrated that such an electrode is suitable for various solar cell structures.
Quality assessment of academic websites using structured equation modelling (2017)

Academic websites have not evolved much as compared to other sector websites, like e-commerce, tourism, etc. They seem to fall back in areas such as structural design and maintenance quality, which have a direct influence on user experience. A model is hypothesised to evaluate the quality of academic websites. The research is intended to suggest future developers to construct an effective website. A survey has been conducted to gain the user's perspective for an academic website. Data were collected from 124 respondents, and confirmatory factor analysis and other reliability tests have been employed to validate the model. Structured equation modelling has been further used to test the hypotheses. The study indicates that the suggested nine quality constructs (system accessibility, design, responsiveness and functionality; information understandability, relevance and current; service perception of service and trust building) directly affect the user satisfaction of an academic website from a student's point of view.
Understanding and executing a declarative sentence involving a forms-of-be verb (2009)

An important criterion for any artificial intelligence program is its capability to communicate with the external world. One common form of communication is by the use of a natural language, specifically English. When provided a sentence, it is important for the program to understand the intention of the given sentence, which is a significant first step for a program to perform logical reasoning. In this paper, we discuss two components of the grammar that affects the understanding of a sentence: role and control. These two components represent the knowledge that teaches how to use the language to express a thought. We describe in detail what needs to be learned for each of these components for three major grammar terms: noun phrase, declarative sentence, and forms-of-be verb. We then show how to use them to create a declarative thought corresponding to a given declarative sentence that uses a forms-of-be verb. Finally, we show what needs to be learned by the program so that the declarative thought can be understood precisely based on the exact subject and predicate in the given sentence. Object-Oriented paradigm is used to analyze the problem and design the solution to attack the problem.
Measurement of friction on straight catheters in in vitro brain and phantom material (1998)

As part of our studies on the magnetic stereotaxis system (MSS), a means of delivering therapies to the bulk brain, we have measured the frictional forces on a thin, straight tube used to simulate a catheter. Experiments were done with a spring-loaded, stainless steel tube of 1.9-mm diameter which was passed through 5.5 cm of gelatin phantom or, alternatively, through in vitro calf brain. The dynamic response of the tube to sudden displacement of the outer end of the spring yields estimates of the tube's friction per unit length. Twenty-three runs in the two media were analyzed for the static and dynamic frictional forces exhibited. In these series the static frictional forces were found to be (0.0132 +/- 0.0012) N cm-1 [(1.32 +/- 0.12) g cm-1] of length in the gelatin phantom and (0.0079 +/- 0.0008) N cm-1 [(0.79 +/- 0.08) g cm-1] of length in brain. The kinetic friction coefficient, b, was found to be (8.4 +/- 2.1) N s m-1/cm length of catheter in brain and (16.3 +/- 7.6) N s m-1/cm length of catheter in the phantom material. Based on these figures, the MSS will be capable of moving straight catheters of similar friction that are 20-cm long at rates of displacement of 0.02 to 0.05 cm s-1 in the white and grey matter of the brain. Future studies will evaluate the forces arising from curved paths. Unanswered questions remain as to the mechanical difference between in vivo and in vitro brain, between animal and human brain, and the involvement of sulci in practical paths of motion.
Real-Time System for Driver Fatigue Detection Based on a Recurrent Neuronal Network (2020)

In recent years, the rise of car accident fatalities has grown significantly around the world. Hence, road security has become a global concern and a challenging problem that needs to be solved. The deaths caused by road accidents are still increasing and currently viewed as a significant general medical issue. The most recent developments have made in advancing knowledge and scientific capacities of vehicles, enabling them to see and examine street situations to counteract mishaps and secure travelers. Therefore, the analysis of driver's behaviors on the road has become one of the leading research subjects in recent years, particularly drowsiness, as it grants the most elevated factor of mishaps and is the primary source of death on roads. This paper presents a way to analyze and anticipate driver drowsiness by applying a Recurrent Neural Network over a sequence frame driver's face. We used a dataset to shape and approve our model and implemented repetitive neural network architecture multi-layer model-based 3D Convolutional Networks to detect driver drowsiness. After a training session, we obtained a promising accuracy that approaches a 92% acceptance rate, which made it possible to develop a real-time driver monitoring system to reduce road accidents.
Average- and Median-Based Smoothing Techniques for Improving Digital Speech Quality in the Presence of Transmission Errors (1976)

In digital speech communication, transmission errors generally introduce impulsive distortions in the received speech waveform. Smoothing of this waveform results at once in a squelching of the distortion component, and in an undesirable smearing of the speech. However, our experience with practical differential PCM (DPCM) codes (with adaptive quantizers and first-order predictors) has shown that if the error probability is fairly significant (for example, 0.025), the noise attenuation is perceptually desirable in spite of the attendant speech-muffling. Our observations are based on computer simulations and informal listening tests. The smoothing can be performed either on the received DPCM word (prediction error signal) or the reconstructed speech amplitude. (The two signals are identical in nondifferential PCM.) Smoothing algorithms can be either linear (based, for example, on running averages) or nonlinear (based, for example, on running medians). Studies with 3-bit quantizers indicate that with independently occurring transmission errors, smoothing of the prediction error signal is perceptually desirable, although the benefits decrease as a function of the predictor coefficient a, with the maximum advantage showing up for <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">a = 0</tex> (PCM). Running averages and running medians seem to work equally well, and suggested block lengths for their computations are three or five samples. Results with clustered transmission errors show a higher advantage due to smoothing and a preference of linear methods and longer block lengths.
Preparation and properties of difluorophosphino-derivatives of phosphorus(V) hydroxy-compounds (1983)

Phosphoric acid and other hydroxy-derivatives of phosphorus(V) react with S(PF2)2 to give difluorophosphino-esters. Tris(difluorophosphino) phosphate, PO(OPF2)3, and bis(difluorophosphino) monofluorophosphate, PFO(OPF2)2, have been prepared and characterised by n.m.r., mass, and vibrational spectroscopy. The reaction of PO(OPF2)3 with diborane is described. The formation and n.m.r. spectra of PO(OPF2)2Ph and PO(OPF2)Ph2 are also reported.
A RealTime Interactive MultiView Video System (2005)

With the rapid development of electronic and computing technology, multi-view video is attracting extensive interest recently due to its greatly enhanced viewing experience. In this paper, we present the system architecture for real-time capturing, processing, and interactive delivery of multi-view video. Unlike previous systems that mainly focus on multi- view video capturing, our system is designed to provide multi-view video service with high degree of interactivity in real time, which is still challenging in the current state of the technology. The proposed architecture tackles many practical problems in system calibration, object tracking, video compression, interactive delivery, etc. With the proposed system, users can interactively select their desired viewing directions and enjoy many exciting visual experiences, such as view switching, frozen moment and view sweeping, in real-time and with great freedom.
A supramolecular approach to multivalent target-specific MRI contrast agents for angiogenesis (2005)

The synthesis of a cyclic peptide-Gd(III)DTPA molecule equipped with biotin is presented, yielding a well-defined multivalent MRI contrast agent after its coupling to avidin.
Enhanced Thermal Transport in Microchannel Using Oblique Fins (2012)

Sectional oblique fins are employed, in contrast to continuous fins in order to modulate the flow in microchannel heat sinks. The breakage of a continuous fin into oblique sections leads to the reinitialization of the thermal boundary layer at the leading edge of each oblique fin, effectively reducing the boundary layer thickness. This regeneration of entrance effects causes the flow to always be in a developing state, thus resulting in better heat transfer. In addition, the presence of smaller oblique channels diverts a small fraction of the flow into adjacent main channels. The secondary flows created improve fluid mixing, which serves to further enhance heat transfer. Both numerical simulations and experimental investigations of copper-based oblique finned microchannel heat sinks demonstrated that a highly augmented and uniform heat transfer performance, relative to the conventional microchannel, is achievable with such a passive technique. The average Nusselt number, Nuave, for the copper microchannel heat sink which uses water as the working fluid can increase as much as 103%, from 11.3 to 22.9. Besides, the augmented convective heat transfer leads to a reduction in maximum temperature rise by 12.6 °C. The associated pressure drop penalty is much smaller than the achieved heat transfer enhancement, rendering it as an effective heat transfer enhancement scheme for a single-phase microchannel heat sink.
Morphological Estimation of Brain Extracellular Fluid Dynamics in Cold‐induced Edema from the Aspect of Cerebrospinal Fluid‐Extracellular Fluid Communication (1990)

Following the induction of cold injury in the parietal cortex of rats, the brain extracellular fluid dynamics under conditions of cryogenic edema were investigated morphologically from the aspect of extracellular fluid (ECF)-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) communication using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) injected into the cisterna magna as a marker. About 24 h after the induction of cold injury, HRP was distributed in the subjacent white matter of the lesion and around the ventricle. Forty-eight hours after injury, the distribution of HRP around the lesion became distinctive. This distribution of HRP became more concentrated at the same location on day 3-4 after injury. At this time, HRP was observed to be distributed along the walls of small vessels, in the cytoplasm of a few neurons and in the neuropil around the lesion by light microscopy. At small vessels around the lesion, a dense deposit of HRP at the basement membrane and many abluminal vesicles were evident by electron microscopy. These findings indicate that ECF-CSF communication changes drastically under the influence of edema fluid dynamics. In particular, the dense distribution of HRP around the lesion on day 3-4 after injury can be attributed to active retrograde transport by vessels in this area, a phenomenon considered important for edema resolution.
A WDM receiver photonic integrated circuit with net on-chip gain (1994)

We demonstrate a photonic circuit with an optical preamplifier, a WDM filter and a fast photodetector integrated on the same chip. The passive integrated filter is formed by an aspheric waveguide lens and a planar Bragg grating. This arrangements yields narrow filter response (8 /spl Aring/ width at -3 dB is demonstrated) and high rejection ratio of 24 dB. The optical preamplifier consisting of strained multi-quantum well layers provides sufficient amplification to overcome the passive losses. Response curves demonstrate net on-chip gain with low ripple.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fullerene-organic nanocomposite: A flexible material platform for organic light-emitting diodes (2006)

Cu Pc : C 60 organic-nanocarbon composite coated metals (Au, Ag, and ITO) are found to form efficient hole injection anode structures for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). A significant increase (∼ two times ) in current efficiency has been observed in OLEDs when the nanocomposite anode structures are used to replace the conventional CuPc/indium tin oxide hole injection structure. Moreover, the composite anode structures enable the use of simple metal electrodes for efficient and stable OLEDs. The composite provides, through a controlled variation in the C60 concentration, a flexible material platform in regulating the hole injection and transport through the various layers in an OLED.
Automated Monitoring and Control Using New Data Integration Paradigm (2005)

This paper introduces a new paradigm for data integration where the substation field data recorded by monitoring and protection Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) is used to supplement Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) data for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system, which improves SCADA and other applications. This data integration paradigm allows very detailed monitoring of the power system and subsequently a more comprehensive decision making opportunities for the control applications. The data interfacing between the substation IEDs and EMS SCADA database to allow for such integration is elaborated on indicating various issues in using present IEC standards 61850 and 61970 to accomplish the required data interfacing. The paper ends with a discussion of the benefits of such an approach.
Ab interno trabeculectomy in the adult patient (2015)

Glaucoma is a potentially blinding disease that affects millions of people worldwide. The mainstay of treatment is lowering of intraocular pressure (IOP) through the use of medications, laser and/or incisional surgery. The trabecular meshwork (TM) is thought to be the site of significant resistance to aqueous outflow in open angle glaucoma. Theoretically, an incision through TM or TM removal should decrease this resistance and lead to a significant reduction in IOP. This approach, commonly referred to as goniotomy or trabeculotomy, has been validated in the pediatric population and has been associated with long-term IOP control. In adults, however, removal of TM tissue has been historically associated with more limited and short-lived success. More recent evidence, reveals that even adult patients may benefit significantly from removal of diseased TM tissue and can lead to a significant reduction in IOP that is long-lasting and safe. In this review, we discuss current evidence and techniques for ab interno trabeculectomy using various devices in the adult patient.
Low-field magnetoresistance anisotropy in ultrathin Pr0.67Sr0.33MnO3 films grown on different substrates (1999)

We have conducted a comparative study of the strain effect on the anisotropic low-field magnetoresistance (LFMR) in ultrathin Pr0.67Sr0.33MnO3 films epitaxially grown on LaAlO3(LAO), NdGaO3(NGO), and SrTiO3(STO) substrates. Distinctive LFMR effects have been observed on films with compressive (on LAO), tensile (on STO), and nearly zero (on NGO) strains. The films with compressive strain show very large negative LFMR and MR hysteresis when a magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the film plane, while those with tensile strain show positive LFMR for the same field orientation. All samples show negative MR in a parallel magnetic field. These results can be qualitatively interpreted based on the strain-induced magnetic anisotropy.
Heteroarylalkanoic acids with possible antiinflammatory activities, Note IX. The binding to human serum albumin. (1989)

The interaction of some isosteric and homologues series of antiiflammatory heteroarylalkanoic acids with human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated by UV difference spectroscopy and fluorescence quenching. All tested compounds were shown to bind to HSA. The interaction with surfactants and the linear relationship between binding constants and pKa suggest that electrostatic force is dominant in the binding of these compounds and that the binding site consists of a cationic charge near an hydrophobic surface.