gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resolving Time Dependant Stress Variations through Analysis of Microseismicity Recorded During Hydraulic Fracturing (2015)

Hydraulic fracturing of shale reservoirs enhances productivity of reservoirs by propping open fractures in the reservoir. In order to map the extent of the successfully stimulated zones, microseismic monitoring is increasingly used; typical outputs of such monitoring efforts are the geometry of the microseismic event distribution. To relate these event distributions to production decline curves, geomechanical modelling of the injection using these event distributions as a constraint is frequently performed. However, a basic assumption of such efforts is that the stress regime under which the events are occurring is invariant. By using multiple-well recordings of microseismic events, the mechanisms of the microseismicity may be determined. These mechanisms are proportional to the strain rate (deformation) that is imparted to the medium at the point of rupture, and as such constrain the stress regime through the treatment. Observations indicate that the stress/strain conditions in the reservoir can be highly variable, implying that microseismicity needs to be coupled to geomechanical models at a more basic level, in that the dynamic stress regime controls both the occurrence of these events and the propagation of fluid and proppant in the reservoir.
Molecular cloning and characterization of chemokine-like factor 1 (CKLF1), a novel human cytokine with unique structure and potential chemotactic activity (2001)

Cytokines are small proteins that have an essential role in the immune and inflammatory responses. The repertoire of cytokines is becoming diverse and expanding. Here we report the identification and characterization of a novel cytokine designated as chemokine-like factor 1 (CKLF1). The full-length cDNA of CKLF1 is 530 bp long and a single open reading frame encoding 99 amino acid residues. CKLF1 bears no significant similarity to any other known cytokine in its amino acid sequence. Expression of CKLF1 can be partly inhibited by interleukin 10 in PHA-stimulated U937 cells. Recombinant CKLF1 is a potent chemoattractant for neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes; moreover, it can stimulate the proliferation of murine skeletal muscle cells. These results suggest that CKLF1 might have important roles in inflammation and in the regeneration of skeletal muscle.
Multimaterial preform coextrusion for robust chalcogenide optical fibers and tapers (2012)

The development of robust infrared fibers is crucial for harnessing the capabilities of new mid-infrared lasers. We present a novel approach to the fabrication of chalcogenide glass fiber preforms: one-step multimaterial extrusion. The preform consists of a glass core and cladding surrounded by a built-in, thermally compatible, polymer jacket for mechanical support. Using this approach we extrude several preform structures and draw them into robust composite fibers. Furthermore, the polymer cladding allows us to produce robust tapers with submicrometer core diameter.
Performance of a 1 MV A high temperature superconductors-enabled saturable magnetic core-type fault current limiter (2004)

A 1 MV A single-phase DC saturated iron core-type fault current limiter (FCL) employing DC coils manufactured from Bi-2223/Ag high temperature superconductor has been designed, constructed, and tested. The device, configured to respond to a fault occurring on either the positive or negative wave cycle, exhibited instantaneous reaction and reset times. It could clip a continuous applied steady state fault current of 1200 A, and limited a transient peak fault current of 2200 A to the specified current of 100 A. The operation of the device did not produce any significant harmonic contribution from the clipping action, as under fault conditions, 99.96% of the harmonic power spectrum of the clipped waveform contributed to the fundamental, and the non-fault inductance of the FCL was <0.01 mH.
Gating circuit developed for high power thyristors (1981)

Gate turn off thyristor (GTO) gating circuits, especially off-gating circuits, are the most important for reliable operation of GTO equipment. This paper describes a new gating circuit for high power GTO of 600A class. The off-gating circuit can provide a negative pulse of 200A with its rate of rise of 30A/us. Its power dissipation decreases to 20 percent of a previous type. The on-gating and negative bias circuits are also described.
Optimized MAP turbo decoder (2002)

The very powerful turbo codes are a breakthrough in coding theory. The implementation of the iterative turbo decoder however hampers their incorporation in real systems. We tackle this problem by optimizing the decoder on two levels: the separate decoder modules and the global decoder system. Our module level optimizations greatly reduce the decoding delay and energy. The main contribution of this paper is situated at the system level, where we present an optimized architecture that uses a better interleaver organization. The combination of the optimizations on both levels results in a significant decoder power (factor 3), area (factor 2) and latency (factor 2) reduction.
Application of Sequential Paired Covariance to Capillary Electrophoresis Electrospray Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry: Unraveling the Signal from the Noise in the Electropherogram (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTApplication of Sequential Paired Covariance to Capillary Electrophoresis Electrospray Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry: Unraveling the Signal from the Noise in the ElectropherogramDavid C. Muddiman, Alan L. Rockwood, Quanyin. Gao, Joanne C. Severs, Harold R. Udseth, Richard D. Smith, and Andrew. ProctorCite this: Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 23, 4371–4375Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00119a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00119a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views163Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
p55 and p75 tumor necrosis factor receptors are expressed and mediate common functions in synovial fibroblasts and other fibroblasts. (1995)

There is increasing evidence that TNF-alpha is a cytokine of major importance in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Since TNF-alpha mediates its effects via high affinity receptors, we were interested in investigating their expression and function in cells from rheumatoid tissue. Synovial fibroblasts derived from rheumatoid synovial tissue are stimulated by TNF-alpha to proliferate and release cytokines, prostaglandins, proteases and protease inhibitors. We have evaluated through which receptor stimulation of DNA synthesis and the release of the proinflammatory agents, IL-6, IL-8 and PGE2 are induced. It was found that rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts express both the p55 and p75 TNF receptor, in a ratio of 4:1. TNF-alpha-stimulated synovial fibroblast DNA synthesis and the release of IL-6, IL-8 and PGE2 was inhibited by antagonist monoclonal antibodies against either the p55 or the p75 TNF receptor, although the blockade of the p55 TNF receptor had a more potent effect than inhibition of the p75 TNF receptor alone. Similarly, specific monoclonal antibodies, agonistic for either the p55 or p75 TNF receptor stimulated synovial fibroblast DNA synthesis, as well as IL-6, IL-8 and PGE2 release. Both p55 and p75 TNF receptors on dermal and gingival fibroblasts were also involved in TNF-alpha-mediated DNA synthesis and IL-6, IL-8 and PGE2 release, although differences in the levels of DNA synthesis and release of inflammatory cytokines and PGE2 were observed between the three fibroblast types.
A clinical laboratory–developed LSC17 stemness score assay for rapid risk assessment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (2021)

Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are linked to relapse in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The LSC17 gene expression score robustly captures LSC stemness properties in AML and can be used to predict survival outcomes and response to therapy, enabling risk-adapted, upfront treatment approaches. The LSC17 score was developed and validated in a research setting. To enable widespread use of the LSC17 score in clinical decision making, we established a laboratory-developed test (LDT) for the LSC17 score that can be deployed broadly in clinical molecular diagnostic laboratories. We extensively validated the LSC17 LDT in a College of American Pathologists/Clinical Laboratory Improvements Act (CAP/CLIA)-certified laboratory, determining specimen requirements, a synthetic control, and performance parameters for the assay. Importantly, we correlated values from the LSC17 LDT to clinical outcome in a reference cohort of patients with AML, establishing a median assay value that can be used for clinical risk stratification of individual patients with newly diagnosed AML. The assay was established in a second independent CAP/CLIA-certified laboratory, and its technical performance was validated using an independent cohort of patient samples, demonstrating that the LSC17 LDT can be readily implemented in other settings. This study enables the clinical use of the LSC17 score for upfront risk-adapted management of patients with AML.
Future execution: a hardware prefetching technique for chip multiprocessors (2005)

This paper proposes a new hardware technique for using one core of a CMP to prefetch data for a thread running on another core. Our approach simply executes a copy of all non-control instructions in the prefetching core after they have executed in the primary core. On the way to the second core, each instruction's output is replaced by a prediction of the likely output that the nth future instance of this instruction will produce. Speculatively executing the resulting instruction stream on the second core issues load requests that the main program will probably a reference in the future. Unlike previously proposed thread-based prefetching approaches, our technique does not need any thread spawning points, features an adjustable lookahead distance, does not require complicated analyzers to extract prefetching threads, is recovery-free, and necessitates no storage for the prefetching threads. We demonstrate that for the SPECcpu2000 benchmark suite, our mechanism significantly increases the prefetching coverage and improves the primary core's performance by 10% on average over a baseline that already includes an aggressive hardware stream prefetcher. We further show that our approach works well in combination with runahead execution.
A very high-speed ATM switch architecture using internal speed-up technique (1997)

An internal speed-up crossbar-type ATM switch architecture is proposed. This switch accommodates 10 Gbit/s cell streams from AHMs in order to guarantee the QoS of switched cells. A new high-speed arbitration algorithm using three buses on each output line, called the bi-directional arbiter, is used. It handles output contention about twice as fast as the conventional ring-arbiter and has the same fairness function. It increases the switch throughput to 160 Gbit/s efficiently. By combining the high-speed switch and AHMs, it will be able to make a sub-terabit/s ATM switching system for future Broadband ISDN networks.
Seismic imaging of oil production rate (2004)

Field and laboratory data indicate anomalously high reflectivity from fluid‐saturated reservoirs at the low‐frequency seismic range. It also has been observed that the reflected signal is frequency‐dependent and is strongly related to the reservoir flow properties. We have obtained an asymptotic representation of the seismic reflection from a fluid‐saturated porous medium in the low‐frequency domain. The frequency‐dependent component of the reflection coefficient is proportional to the square root of the product of frequency of the signal and the mobility of the fluid in the reservoir. This provides an opportunity for locating the most productive zones of the field before drilling. In the presented example we quantify low‐frequency imaging amplitude attribute in terms of reservoir fluid mobility and reservoir production rate.
Eyeball camera based calibration and performance verification for spatial computing systems (2020)

Spatial computing enables overlay of the digital world over the real world in a spatially interactive manner by merging digital light-fields, perception systems, and computing. The digital content presented by the spatial computing needs to work tandemly with real-world surroundings, and more importantly the human eye-brain system, which is the ultimate judge for system success. As a result, to develop a spatial computing system, it would be essential to have a proxy for the human eye-brain to calibrate and verify the performance of the spatial computing system. This paper proposes a novel camera design for such purpose which mimics human ocular anatomy and physiology in the following aspects: geometry, optical performance and ocular motor control. Specifically, the proposed camera not only adopts the same corneal and pupil geometry from human eye, also the iris and pupil can be configured with multiple texture, color and diameter options. Furthermore, the resolution of eyeball camera is designed to match the acuity of typical 20/20 human vision, and focus can be dynamically adjusted from 0 to 3 diopters. Lastly, a pair of eyeball cameras are mounted independently on two hexapods to simulate the eye gaze and vergence. With the help of the eyeball cameras, both perceived virtual and real world can be calibrated and evaluated in a deterministic and quantifiable eye conditions like pupil location and gaze. Principally, the proposed eyeball camera serves as a bridge which combines all the data from spatial computing like eye tracking, 3D geometry of the digital world, display color accuracy/uniformity, and display optical quality (sharpness, contrast, etc) for a holistic view, which helps to effectively blend the virtual and real worlds together seamlessly.
Targeting Antiapoptotic Genes Upregulated by Androgen Withdrawal Using Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotides to Enhance Androgenand Chemo-Sensitivity in Prostate Cancer (2003)

Androgen withdrawal is the only effective form of systemic therapy for men with advanced disease, producing symptomatic and/or objective response in 80% of patients. Unfortunately, androgen independent (AI) progression and death occurs within a few years in the majority of these cases (6). Prostate cancer is highly chemoresistant, with objective response rates of 10% and no demonstrated survival benefit (28). Hormone refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) is therefore the main obstacle to improving the survival and quality of life in patients with advanced disease, and novel therapeutic strategies that target the molecular basis of androgen and chemoresistance are required.
Metal-catalyzed alkynylation of brominated polyphenylenes. Thermoset precursors of high-density monolithic glassy carbon (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetal-catalyzed alkynylation of brominated polyphenylenes. Thermoset precursors of high-density monolithic glassy carbonEric B. Stephens and James M. TourCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 10, 2420–2427Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00062a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00062a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views331Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Polarization gratings in the short-pitch approximation: electro-optics of deformed helix ferroelectric liquid crystals (2010)

Electro-optical properties of deformed helix ferroelectric liquid crystal (DHFLC) cells are studied by using a general theoretical approach to polarization gratings in which the transmission and reflection matrices of diffraction orders are explicitly related to the evolution operator of equations for the Floquet harmonics. In the short-pitch approximation, a DHFLC cell is shown to be optically equivalent to a uniformly anisotropic biaxial layer where one of the optical axes is normal to the substrates. For in-plane anisotropy, orientation of the optical axes and birefringence are both determined by the voltage applied across the cell and represent the parameters that govern the transmittance of normally incident light passing through crossed polarizers. We calculate the transmittance as a function of the applied voltage and compare the computed curves with the experimental data. The theoretical and experimental results are found to be in good agreement.
DOORS to the Semantic Web and Grid With a PORTAL for Biomedical Computing (2008)

The semantic web remains in the early stages of development. It has not yet achieved the goals envisioned by its founders as a pervasive web of distributed knowledge and intelligence. Success will be attained when a dynamic synergism can be created between people and a sufficient number of infrastructure systems and tools for the semantic web in analogy with those for the original web. The domain name system (DNS), web browsers, and the benefits of publishing web pages motivated many people to register domain names and publish web sites on the original web. An analogous resource label system, semantic search applications, and the benefits of collaborative semantic networks will motivate people to register resource labels and publish resource descriptions on the semantic web. The Domain Ontology Oriented Resource System (DOORS) and Problem Oriented Registry of Tags and Labels (PORTAL) are proposed as infrastructure systems for resource metadata within a paradigm that can serve as a bridge between the original web and the semantic web. The Internet Registry Information Service (IRIS) registers [corrected] domain names while DNS publishes domain addresses with mapping of names to addresses for the original web. Analogously, PORTAL registers resource labels and tags while DOORS publishes resource locations and descriptions with mapping of labels to locations for the semantic web. BioPORT is proposed as a prototype PORTAL registry specific for the problem domain of biomedical computing.
Preliminary Crystallographic Studies of Four Crystal forms of Serum Albumin (1994)

Several crystal forms of serum albumin suitable for three-dimensional structure determination have been grown. These forms include crystals of recombinant and wild-type human serum albumin, baboon serum albumin, and canine serum albumin. The intrinsic limits of X-ray diffraction for these crystals are in the range 0.28-0.22 nm. Two of the crystal forms produced from human and canine albumin include incorporated long-chain fatty acids. Molecular replacement experiments have been successfully conducted on each crystal form using the previously determined atomic coordinates of human serum albumin illustrating the conserved tertiary structure.
MIMO Equalization and Cancellation for 10Gbase-T>sup<1>/sup< (2006)

Traditionally equalization is performed individually for 10GBASE-T, and FEXT is treated as noise to be cancelled at the receiver. However, FEXT contains information about the symbols transmitted from remote transmitters and it can be viewed as a signal rather than noise to facilitate signal recovery. This paper proposes to use MIMO (multi-input multi output) equalization technique to deal with FEXT in 10GBASE-T. In the proposed MIMO technique, FEXT is treated as signal, which improves SNR. Instead of using long FEXT cancellers, MIMO-DFE with short length is used to remove post-cursor ISI. Our simulation results show that, by using the proposed MIMO equalization, we are able to achieve SNR (signal to noise ratio) improvement around 0.5-9 dB with 13% less complexity than the traditional equalization technique in twisted-pair channel environment
Variable operation of Hall thruster with multiple segmented electrodes (2001)

Variable plasma jet velocity with low beam divergence over a range of mass flow rates can be achieved through segmented electrode operation of the Hall plasma accelerator. With the use of just a cathode side electrode at the cathode potential, the beam divergence can be decreased substantially, at some cost in efficiency. However, the additional use of an anode side electrode retains the same reduced plume divergence, but at efficiencies comparable to the nonsegmented operation. The high efficiency persists also when the anode side electrode is biased at an intermediate potential, thus producing two-stage Hall accelerator operation.
Characterization of a tolerogenic T cell epitope of type II collagen and its relevance to collagen-induced arthritis (1992)

A synthetic peptide representing sequences of type II collagen, (CII 245-270), has previously been used to induce tolerance and suppress arthritis in DBA/1 mice. To determine important residues, a series of peptides, each containing one or two site-directed substitutions, was generated. Mononuclear cells from DBA/1 mice immunized with CII were cultured in the presence of each peptide and the T cell response determined by measuring IFN-gamma in culture supernatant fluids. Substitutions within the region CII 260-270 led to significant decreases in IFN-gamma responses, identifying this sequence as a T cell epitope. To determine the effects of substitutions within this epitope on arthritis, substituted peptides were administered to neonatal mice as tolerogens. Five site-directed substitutions, four of which included the insertion of a residue found in type I collagen to replace its type II counterpart, abrogated the ability of the peptides to induce tolerance and suppress arthritis. These substitutions were located at residues 260, 261, 263, 264, and 266. Two patterns of T cell reactivity were observed. Peptides containing individual substitutions at positions 261, 264, or 266 were capable of generating a significant T lymphokine response, although those containing substitutions at residues 260 or 263 were ineffective Ag. Systematic analysis of the fine structures of T cell determinants important for autoimmune arthritis can lead to strategies for therapeutic intervention.