gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-Time UAV Path Planning for Autonomous Urban Scene Reconstruction (2020)

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are frequently used for large-scale scene mapping and reconstruction. However, in most cases, drones are operated manually, which should be more effective and intelligent. In this article, we present a method of real-time UAV path planning for autonomous urban scene reconstruction. Considering the obstacles and time costs, we utilize the top view to generate the initial path. Then we estimate the building heights and take close-up pictures that reveal building details through a SLAM framework. To predict the coverage of the scene, we propose a novel method which combines information on reconstructed point clouds and possible coverage areas. The experimental results reveal that the reconstruction quality of our method is good enough. Our method is also more time-saving than the state-of-the-arts.
Wnt Signaling Promotes Breast Cancer by Blocking ITCH-Mediated Degradation of YAP/TAZ Transcriptional Coactivator WBP2 (2016)

Cross-talk between the Hippo and Wnt pathways has been implicated recently in breast cancer development, but key intersections have yet to be fully defined. Here we report that WBP2, a transcription coactivator that binds the Hippo pathway transcription factor YAP/TAZ, contributes to Wnt signaling and breast cancer pathogenesis. Clinically, overexpression of WBP2 in breast cancer specimens correlated with malignant progression and poor patient survival. In breast cancer cells, nuclear entry and interaction of WBP2 with β-catenin was stimulated by Wnt3A, thereby activating TCF-mediated transcription and driving malignant invasive character. Mechanistic investigations showed WBP2 levels were controlled by the E3 ligase ITCH, which bound and target WBP2 for ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation. Accordingly, ITCH silencing could elevate WBP2 levels. Wnt signaling upregulated WBP2 by disrupting ITCH-WBP2 interactions via EGFR-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of WBP2 and TAZ/YAP competitive binding. Conversely, ITCH-mediated downregulation of WBP2 inhibited TCF/β-catenin transcription, in vitro transformation, and in vivo tumorigenesis. We identified somatic mutations in ITCH, which impaired its ability to degrade WBP2 and to block its function in cancer, even while retaining binding capacity to WBP2. Thus, the Wnt pathway appeared to engage WBP2 primarily by affecting its protein stability. Our findings show how WBP2/ITCH signaling functions to link the intricate Wnt and Hippo signaling networks in breast cancer. Cancer Res; 76(21); 6278-89. ©2016 AACR.
MATERIALS' CHALLENGES FOR METAL MULTILAYERS AS A MAGNETO-OPTICAL RECORDING MEDIUM (1991)

Pt/Co and Pd/Co multilayers are attractive candidates for a magneto-optical recording medium, particularly because of their larger Kerr rotation at short wavelength where future ultra-high density recording is possible. In this paper we discuss the attributes of multilayers and point out some of their deficiencies which need improvement in order to meet the overall requirements for a high density, high performance recording medium.
In Situ Localized Growth of Porous Tin Oxide Films on Low Power Microheater Platform for Low Temperature CO Detection (2016)

This paper reports a facile method for creating a nanostructured metal oxide film on a low power microheater sensor platform and the direct realization of this structure as a gas sensor. By fast annealing the deposited liquid precursors with the microheater, a highly porous, nanocrystalline metal oxide film can be generated in situ and locally on the sensor platform. With only minimal processing, a high performance, miniaturized gas sensor is ready for use. A carbon monoxide sensor using the in situ synthesized porous tin oxide (SnO2) sensing film is made as a demonstration of this technique. The sensor exhibits a low detection limit and fast response and recovery time at a low operating temperature. This facile fabrication method is highly flexible and has great potential for large-scale gas sensor fabrication.
Steinernema khoisanae n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from South Africa (2006)

Abstract A new species of entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema khoisanae n. sp. is described from South Africa. The new species is characterised by morphometrics of the infective juvenile with body length 1076 μm, narrow body diameter of 33 μm, excretory pore 94 μm from anterior end, tail 85 μm long, a = 33, D% = 68, H% = 57, and E% = 111. The lateral field pattern of the new species is 2, 7, 8, 6, 4 and 2. The male of the first generation can be recognised by the spicule and the gubernaculum shape, excretory pore located posteriorly near the end of the pharynx, D% = 88, and SW% = 199. The first generation female can be recognised by the non-protruding vulva and tail bearing a prominent mucron. Steinernema khoisanae n. sp. is characterised genetically by sequences of the internal transcribed spacers and D2/D3 regions of 28S ribosomal DNA, by composition of their sequences and by numerous unique, derived, nucleotide character states. Phylogenetic trees show that S. khoisanae n. sp. and other members of the S. glaseri-group form a monophyletic assemblage.
Application of metamaterial concepts to chipless-RFID (2018)

Chipless radiofrequency identification (chipless-RFID) has emerged as an alternative to RFID systems with tags equipped with chips. The main advantage of chipless-RFID over chipped-RFID is the lower cost of the tags, since the silicon integrated circuits (IC) of chipped tags are replaced with planar passive encoders in chipless tags. The main limitations of chipless-RFID tags are the data storage capability and tag size. In this paper, we propose an approach for the implementation of chipless-RFID systems, based on near-field coupling and sequential bit reading, which alleviates the previous limitations. The tags are implemented by chains of split ring resonators (SRRs) printed on a substrate (including plastic and paper substrates), and the logic state ’1’ or ‘0’ is dictated by the presence or absence of these resonant elements at predefined positions (alternatively, programmable tags can be implemented by detuning certain resonant elements). Tag reading is achieved by means of a transmission line fed by a harmonic signal conveniently tuned, so that such signal is amplitude modulated by tag motion above the line (in proximity to it) due to inductive coupling. Such chipless-RFID system is especially suited for security and authentication applications, by directly printing the planar passive encoders on the items of interest (e.g., corporate and official documents, ballots, exams, etc.). It is demonstrated that the number of achievable bits is only limited by tag size; therefore, the proposed system is compatible with chipped-RFID system in terms of data capacity.
Orally Active, Antimalarial, Anticancer, Artemisinin-Derived Trioxane Dimers with High Stability and Efficacy (2003)

In only two steps and in 70% overall yield, naturally occurring trioxane artemisinin (1) was converted on a gram scale into C-10-carba trioxane dimer 3. This new, very stable dimer was then transformed easily in one additional step into four different dimers 4-7. Alcohol and diol dimers 4 and 5 and ketone dimer 7 are 10 times more antimalarially potent in vitro than artemisinin (1), and alcohol and diol dimers 4 and 5 are strongly growth inhibitory but not cytotoxic toward several human cancer cell lines. Water-soluble carboxylic acid derivatives 8aand 9 were easily prepared in one additional step from dimers 4 and 5. Carboxylic acid dimers 8a and 9 are thermally stable even at 60 degrees C for 24 h, are more orally efficacious as antimalarials in rodents than either artelinic acid or sodium artesunate, and are strongly inhibitory but not cytotoxic toward several human cancer cell lines.
Explicit TCP window adaptation in a shared memory architecture (2003)

Abstract A multiple (priority) queueing system allows a network node to manage the queueing of packets in such a way that higher priority packets will always be served first, low priority packets will be discarded when the queue is full, and for same‐priority packets any interference between them will be prevented. This paper describes a TCP window control scheme for a shared memory device that has buffer memory logically organized into multiple queues. To handle changing queue traffic loads, the shared memory device uses a dynamic buffer threshold mechanism to allocate buffer space to the queues. The TCP window control scheme allows the receiver's advertised window size in ACK packets to be modified at the network queue in order to maintain the queue size at a computed dynamic threshold. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Power Trace: An Efficient Method for Extracting the Power Dissipation Profile in an IC Chip From Its Temperature Map (2009)

In this paper, we present a new technique to calculate the power dissipation profile from the IC temperature map using a process analogous to image processing and restoration. In this technique, finite-element analysis (FEA) is used to find the heat-point spread function (heat PSF) of the IC chip. Then, the temperature map is used as input for an efficient image restoration algorithm which locates the sources of strong power dissipation non-uniformities. Therefore, it optimally solves the inverse heat transfer problem, and estimates the IC power map without extensive lab experiments. Our computationally efficient and robust method, unlike some previous techniques, applies to many experimental scenarios. Simulation results on a typical commercial integrated circuit chip confirm the effectiveness of our proposed method.
A Ruthenium Catalyst for Olefin Metathesis Featuring an Anti‐Bredt N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand (2016)

A ruthenium complex bearing an "anti-Bredt" N-heterocyclic carbene was synthesized, characterized and evaluated as a catalyst for olefin metathesis. Good conversions were observed at room temperature for the formation of di- and tri-substituted olefins by ring-closing metathesis. It also allowed for the ring-opening metathesis polymerization of cyclooctadiene, as well as for the cross-metathesis of <i>cis</i>-1,4-diacetoxy-2-butene with allyl-benzene, with enhanced <i>Z</i>/<i>E</i> kinetic selectivity over classical NHC-based catalysts.
Regulating vacuum pump speed with feedback control (1992)

Considerable energy is wasted by the vacuum pump/motor on dairy farms. The output capacity (m{sup 3}/min or cfm) of the vacuum pump always exceeds the capacity needed to milk cows and wash pipelines. Vacuum pumps run at full speed and load regardless of actual need for air. Excess air is admitted through a controller. Energy can be saved from electrical demand reduced by regulating vacuum pump speed according to air based on air usage. An adjustable speed drive (ASD) on the motor and controlled based upon air usage, can reduce the energy used by the vacuum pump. However, the ASD unit tested could not maintain vacuum levels within generally accepted guidelines when air usage changed. Adding a high vacuum reserve and a dual vacuum controller between the vacuum pump and the milking pipeline brought vacuum stability within guidelines. The ASD/dual vacuum system can reduce energy consumption and demand by at least 50 percent during milking and provide better vacuum stability than conventional systems. Tests were not run during washing cycles. Using 1990 costs and only the energy saved during milking, the simple payback on investment in new equipment for a 5 hp motor, speed controller and vacuum regulator would bemore » about 5 years.« less
A differential capacitive torque sensor (DCTS) (2005)

A novel design is presented for a noncontacting torque sensor based on differential capacitive sensing principles. Although, developed initially for automotive applications, the sensor and sensing techniques presented are applicable to a wide range of applications in the industrial, transportation, and aerospace and defense industries
Stromal and epithelial transcriptional map of initiation progression and metastatic potential of human prostate cancer (2017)

While progression from normal prostatic epithelium to invasive cancer is driven by molecular alterations, tumor cells and cells in the cancer microenvironment are co-dependent and co-evolve. Few human studies to date have focused on stroma. Here, we performed gene expression profiling of laser capture microdissected normal non-neoplastic prostate epithelial tissue and compared it to non-transformed and neoplastic low-grade and high-grade prostate epithelial tissue from radical prostatectomies, each with its immediately surrounding stroma. Whereas benign epithelium in prostates with and without tumor were similar in gene expression space, stroma away from tumor was significantly different from that in prostates without cancer. A stromal gene signature reflecting bone remodeling and immune-related pathways was upregulated in high compared to low-Gleason grade cases. In validation data, the signature discriminated cases that developed metastasis from those that did not. These data suggest that the microenvironment may influence prostate cancer initiation, maintenance, and metastatic progression.Stromal cells contribute to tumor development but the mechanisms regulating this process are still unclear. Here the authors analyze gene expression profiles in the prostate and show that stromal gene signature changes ahead of the epithelial gene signature as prostate cancer initiates and progresses.
A 5.8nW, 45ppm/&#x00B0;C on-chip CMOS wake-up timer using a constant charge subtraction scheme (2014)

This work presents an ultra-low power oscillator designed for wake-up timers in compact wireless sensors. A constant charge subtraction scheme removes continuous comparator delay from the oscillation period, which is the source of temperature dependence in conventional RC relaxation oscillators. This relaxes comparator design constraints, enabling low power operation. In 0.18µm CMOS, the oscillator consumes 5.8nW at room temperature with temperature stability of 45ppm/°C (-10°C to 90°C) and 1%V line sensitivity.
Image-processing technique for suppressing ribs in chest radiographs by means of massive training artificial neural network (MTANN) (2006)

When lung nodules overlap with ribs or clavicles in chest radiographs, it can be difficult for radiologists as well as computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) schemes to detect these nodules. In this paper, we developed an image-processing technique for suppressing the contrast of ribs and clavicles in chest radiographs by means of a multiresolution massive training artificial neural network (MTANN). An MTANN is a highly nonlinear filter that can be trained by use of input chest radiographs and the corresponding "teaching" images. We employed "bone" images obtained by use of a dual-energy subtraction technique as the teaching images. For effective suppression of ribs having various spatial frequencies, we developed a multiresolution MTANN consisting of multiresolution decomposition/composition techniques and three MTANNs for three different-resolution images. After training with input chest radiographs and the corresponding dual-energy bone images, the multiresolution MTANN was able to provide "bone-image-like" images which were similar to the teaching bone images. By subtracting the bone-image-like images from the corresponding chest radiographs, we were able to produce "soft-tissue-image-like" images where ribs and clavicles were substantially suppressed. We used a validation test database consisting of 118 chest radiographs with pulmonary nodules and an independent test database consisting of 136 digitized screen-film chest radiographs with 136 solitary pulmonary nodules collected from 14 medical institutions in this study. When our technique was applied to nontraining chest radiographs, ribs and clavicles in the chest radiographs were suppressed substantially, while the visibility of nodules and lung vessels was maintained. Thus, our image-processing technique for rib suppression by means of a multiresolution MTANN would be potentially useful for radiologists as well as for CAD schemes in detection of lung nodules on chest radiographs.
Per-bucket concurrent rehashing algorithms (2015)

This paper describes a generic algorithm for concurrent resizing and on-demand per-bucket rehashing for an extensible hash table. In contrast to known lock-based hash table algorithms, the proposed algorithm separates the resizing and rehashing stages so that they neither invalidate existing buckets nor block any concurrent operations. Instead, the rehashing work is deferred and split across subsequent operations with the table. The rehashing operation uses bucket-level synchronization only and therefore allows a race condition between lookup and moving operations running in different threads. Instead of using explicit synchronization, the algorithm detects the race condition and restarts the lookup operation. In comparison with other lock-based algorithms, the proposed algorithm reduces high-level synchronization on the hot path, improving performance, concurrency, and scalability of the table. The response time of the operations is also more predictable. The algorithm is compatible with cache friendly data layouts for buckets and does not depend on any memory reclamation techniques thus potentially achieving additional performance gain with corresponding implementations.
Identification of a pharmacophore for nucleoside analog inhibitors directed at HIV‐1 reverse transcriptase (1994)

An 'active analog' approach to receptor mapping was used to identify a pharmacophore for a set of thymidine nucleoside analog inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. The preliminary results indicate that the O2, O4', and O5' atoms are capable of adopting a unique pharmacophoric pattern which may be the key to their recognition by reverse transcriptase.
Synthesis of Cytotoxic Indenoisoquinoline Topoisomerase I Poisons (1999)

A number of indenoisoquinolines were prepared and evaluated for cytotoxicity in human cancer cell cultures and for activity vs topoisomerase 1 (top1). The two most cytotoxic indenoisoquinolines proved to be cis-6-ethyl-5,6,12,13-tetrahydro-2,3-dimethoxy-8, 9-(methylenedioxy)-5,11-dioxo-11H-indeno[1,2-c]isoquinoline (21) and cis-6-allyl-5,6,12,13-tetrahydro-2,3-dimethoxy-8, 9-(methylenedioxy)-5,11-dioxo-11H-indeno[1,2-c]isoquinoline (22), both of which displayed submicromolar mean graph midpoints when tested in 55 human cancer cell cultures. Two of the most potent top1 inhibitors were 6-(3-carboxy-1-propyl)-5,6-dihydro-5, 11-dioxo-11H-indeno[1,2-c]isoquinoline (26) and 6-ethyl-2, 3-dimethoxy-8,9-(methylenedioxy)-11H-indeno[1,2-c]isoquinolinium chloride (27), both of which also inhibited top2, unwound DNA, and are assumed to be DNA intercalators. However, two additional potent top1 inhibitors, 6-allyl-5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxy-8, 9-(methylenedioxy)-5,11-dioxo-11H-indeno[1,2-c]isoquinoline (13c) and 5,6-dihydro-6-(4-hydroxybut-1-yl)-2,3-dimethoxy-8, 9-methylenedioxy-5,11-dioxo-11H-indeno[1,2-c]isoquinoline (19a), did not unwind DNA and did not affect top2. Some of the DNA cleavage sites detected in the presence of the indenoisoquinolines were different from those seen with the camptothecins. The cleavage sites induced by the indenoisoquinolines were reversed by salt treatment, which is consistent with the reversible trapping of top1 cleavable complexes by the indenoisoquinolines. In general, the potencies of the indenoisoquinolines as top1 inhibitors did not correlate with their potencies as cytotoxic agents, as some of the most cytotoxic agents had little if any effect on top1. On the other hand, the most potent of the indenoisoquinolines vs top1 were not the most cytotoxic. In several cases, moderate activity was observed for both cytotoxicity and activity vs top1.
The Staphylococcus aureus Map protein is an immunomodulator that interferes with T cell–mediated responses (2002)

Staphylococcus aureus (SA) is an opportunistic pathogen that affects a variety of organ systems and is responsible for many diseases worldwide. SA express an MHC class II analog protein (Map), which may potentiate SA survival by modulating host immunity. We tested this hypothesis in mice by generating Map-deficient SA (Map(-)SA) and comparing disease outcome to wild-type Map(+)SA-infected mice. Map(-)SA-infected mice presented with significantly reduced levels of arthritis, osteomyelitis, and abscess formation compared with control animals. Furthermore, Map(-)SA-infected nude mice developed arthritis and osteomyelitis to a severity similar to Map(+)SA-infected controls, suggesting that T cells can affect disease outcome following SA infection and Map may attenuate cellular immunity against SA. The capacity of Map to alter T cell function was tested more specifically in vitro and in vivo using native and recombinant forms of Map. T cells or mice treated with recombinant Map had reduced T cell proliferative responses and a significantly reduced delayed-type hypersensitivity response to challenge antigen, respectively. These data suggest a role for Map as an immunomodulatory protein that may play a role in persistent SA infections by affecting protective cellular immunity.
Real-Time in situ Signal-to-Noise Ratio Estimation for the Assessment of Operational Communications Links (2002)

The work presented here formulates the rigorous statistical basis for the correct estimation of communication link SNR of a BPSK, QPSK, and for that matter, any M-ary phase-modulated digital signal from what is known about its statistical behavior at the output of the receiver demodulator. Many methods to accomplish this have been proposed and implemented in the past but all of them are based on tacit and unwarranted assumptions and are thus defective. However, the basic idea is well founded, i.e., the signal at the output of a communications demodulator has convolved within it the prevailing SNR characteristic of the link. The acquisition of the SNR characteristic is of the utmost importance to a communications system that must remain reliable in adverse propagation conditions. This work provides a correct and consistent mathematical basis for the proper statistical 'deconvolution' of the output of a demodulator to yield a measure of the SNR. The use of such techniques will alleviate the need and expense for a separate propagation link to assess the propagation conditions prevailing on the communications link. Furthermore, they are applicable for every situation involving the digital transmission of data over planetary and space communications links.
Incorporating lactate/lipid discrimination into a spectroscopic imaging sequence (1993)

A spectroscopic imaging sequence incorporating a two-shot lactate editing method was used in two human brain studies to image lactate and NAA. The subtractive editing method allows separate images of lactate, NAA, and lipids to be collected during a single study with no SNR penalty. The sequence uses a spectral-spatial excitation for slice selection and water suppression, and employs inversion recovery and an echo time of 136 ms for additional lipid suppression.