gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
L‐4: <i>Late‐New Paper:</i> Active‐Matrix Operation of Electrophoretic Devices with Inkjet‐Printed Polymer Thin Film Transistors (2002)

Abstract Active‐matrix operation of an electrophoretic device has been achieved with all‐polymer thin film transistors (TFTs). The source/drain, gate electrodes and gate lines of the TFTs were fabricated by inkjet printing with a conductive polymer, polyethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT). Electrophoretic material was prepared from TiO 2 particles suspended in dyed solution, and was microencapsulated in polymer membrane spheres. The microcapsules were sandwiched between the polymer active‐matrix array and a counter electrode. The voltage of each pixel was independently changed by switching the printed polymer TFT, and contrast in the electrophoretic material was successfully obtained.
Forensic Analysis by Comprehensive Rapid Detection of Pathogens and Contamination Concentrated in Biofilms in Drinking Water Systems for Water Resource Protection and Management (2003)

Clean fresh water is becoming an increasingly critical resource that will become evermore precious as more societies industrialize and population pressure increases. The critical nature of the water resource expands the vulnerability of the water supply to political and terrorist activities. With this expanded vulnerability, the importance of forensic analysis in management of water resources and protection from contamination increases. Herein, we propose monitoring the accelerated generation of drinking water microbial biofilms on "traps." The major problem with protecting water is the great dilution of the potential pathogens and toxicants. Our solution to this monitoring problem is to utilize the propensity of microbes and toxicants to concentrate at surfaces in biofilms. A logical, cost-effective method to sample pathogenic microbes and membrane-active toxicants in water is to recover biofilms from strategically placed surfaces. Modeling of the total system to maximize protection of each water system component would help identify the location of specific instrumented nodes. Nodes would be outfitted with sensors for reporting rates of general biofilm formation and some specific biofilm components. A change in biofilm at a node, or at some interval period, would signal recovery of some previously placed and colonized bio-trap beads at that node, which would then be rapidly extracted and examined for pathogen lipid, DNA biomarkers, and toxicants by tandem mass spectrometry. The lipid extraction facilitates recovery of DNA that can be used for specific microbial and virus identification. The biomarker analysis enables a much faster and comprehensive analysis than the classic microbial isolation and culture techniques currently used to protect the water supply. The total watershed collection, treatment, and distribution system would be instrumented to provide comprehensive monitoring for threat with time for purification and interdiction systems to protect the drinking water supply in the distribution system.
A Web-based, secure, light weight clinical multimedia data capture and display system. (2000)

Computer-based patient records are traditionally composed of textual data. Integration of multimedia data has been historically slow. Multimedia data such as image, audio, and video have been traditionally more difficult to handle. An implementation of a clinical system for multimedia data is discussed. The system implementation uses Java, Secure Socket Layer (SSL), and Oracle 8i. The system is on top of the Internet so it is architectural independent, cross-platform, cross-vendor, and secure. Design and implementations issues are discussed.
Inference of Expressive Declassification Policies (2011)

We explore the inference of expressive human-readable declassification policies as a step towards providing practical tools and techniques for strong language-based information security. Security-type systems can enforce expressive information-security policies, but can require enormous programmer effort before any security benefit is realized. To reduce the burden on the programmer, we focus on inference of expressive yet intuitive information-security policies from programs with few programmer annotations. We define a novel security policy language that can express what information a program may release, under what conditions (or, when) such release may occur, and which procedures are involved with the release (or, where in the code the release occur). We describe a dataflow analysis for precisely inferring these policies, and build a tool that instantiates this analysis for the Java programming language. We validate the policies, analysis, and our implementation by applying the tool to a collection of simple Java programs.
Succinate uptake and related proton movements in <i>Escherichia coli</i> K12 (1975)

1. The apparent Km values for succinate uptake by whole cells of Escherichia coli K12 depend on pH in the range 6.5-7.4.2. Uptake of succinate in lightly buffered medium is accompanied by proton uptake. 3. The apparent Km values for succinate uptake and for succinate-induced proton uptake are similar. 4. Approximately two protons enter the cell with each succinate molecule. 5. The pattern of inhibition of succinate uptake is similar to that of succinate-induced proton uptake. 6. Uptake of fumarate and malate, which share the succinate-transport system, is also accompanied by the uptake of approximately two protons per molecule of fumarate or malate. 7. Uptake of aspartate by the dicarboxylic acid-transport system is accompanied by the uptake of approximatley two protons per molecule of asparatate. 8. It is concluded that uptake of dicarboxylic acids by the dicarboxylic acid-transport system is obligatorily coupled to proton uptake such that succinate, malate and fumarate are taken up in electroneutral form and asparate is taken up in cationic form. 9. These results are consistent with, though they do not definitely prove, the energization of succinate uptake of the deltapH.
Direct printing and reduction of graphite oxide for flexible supercapacitors (2014)

We report direct printing and photo-thermal reduction of graphite oxide (GO) to obtain a highly porous pattern of interdigitated electrodes, leading to a supercapacitor on a flexible substrate. Key parameters optimized include the amount of GO delivered, the suitable photo-thermal energy level for effective flash reduction, and the substrate properties for appropriate adhesion after reduction. Tests with supercapacitors based on the printed-reduced GO showed performance comparable with commercial supercapacitors: the energy densities were 1.06 and 0.87 mWh/cm3 in ionic and organic electrolytes, respectively. The versatility in the architecture and choice of substrate makes this material promising for smart power applications.
A Comparison of Aqueous and Dilute-Acid Single-Temperature Pretreatment of Yellow Poplar Sawdust (2001)

Pretreatment of fresh yellow poplar sawdust (<6 mm, 25−30 wt % moisture) with hot liquid water (190−220 °C, 2.0−7.5 min, 2−7 wt % solids loading) or steam (220 °C, 2.0 min) was compared with dilute acid pretreatment (0.8% w/v sulfuric acid, 175 °C, 10 min, 20−25 wt % solids loading). The most favorable conditions for hot liquid water pretreatment (220 °C, 2.0 min, 5 wt % solids loading) performed as well as the dilute acid pretreatment (175 °C, 10.0 min, 0.8% sulfuric acid, 20 wt % solids loading) for fermentation of the cellulosic fraction of the pretreated fibers by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and 25 IFPU cellulase/g of cellulose. Ethanol yields of 97 and 92 wt % of the theoretical yield and xylan recoveries of 85 and 70 wt % (92 and 96 wt % solubilization) were achieved with the hot liquid water and dilute acid pretreatments, respectively. Steam pretreatment (220 °C, 2 min) was not as effective as the dilute acid pretreatment, resulting in an ethanol yield of 70 wt % of the theoretical yield, with 88 wt % xylan recovery (54 wt % solubilization). A positive correlation was found between xylan removal and the ethanol yield obtained by SSF. Xylan recovery, however, was inversely proportional to xylan solubilization. Removal of up to 57 wt % of the acid-insoluble lignin in yellow poplar was also possible with hot liquid water pretreatment, with 75 wt % of this acid-insoluble lignin recoverable by simple filtration of the liquid pretreatment products.
The Dynamics of host defence (1983)

The Dynamics of host defence , The Dynamics of host defence , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Ethanol production from corn cob hydrolysates by Escherichia coli KO11 (2002)

Corn cob hydrolysates, with xylose as the dominant sugar, were fermented to ethanol by recombinant Escherichia coli KO11. When inoculum was grown on LB medium containing glucose, fermentation of the hydrolysate was completed in 163 h and ethanol yield was 0.50 g ethanol/g sugar. When inoculum was grown on xylose, ethanol yield dropped, but fermentation was faster (113 h). Hydrolysate containing 72.0 g/l xylose and supplemented with 20.0 g/l rice bran was readily fermented, producing 36.0 g/l ethanol within 70 h. Maximum ethanol concentrations were not higher for fermentations using higher cellular concentration inocula. A simulation of an industrial process integrating pentose fermentation by E. coli and hexose fermentation by yeast was carried out. At the first step, E. coli fermented the hydrolysate containing 85.0 g/l xylose, producing 40.0 g/l ethanol in 94 h. Baker's yeast and sucrose (150.0 g/l) were then added to the spent fermentation broth. After 8 h of yeast fermentation, the ethanol concentration reached 104.0 g/l. This two-stage fermentation can render the bioconversion of lignocellulose to ethanol more attractive due to increased final alcohol concentration. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2002) 29, 124–128 doi:10.1038/sj.jim.7000287
Efficient Synthesis of Pyridylacrylonitriles via the Heck Reaction (2006)

Abstract A new synthetic pathway to pyridylacrylonitriles has been developed based on a palladium‐catalyzed Heck reaction. The optimized process and the preparation of related functionalized pyridylacrylonitriles are discussed. Keywords: Heck reactionpalladium acetatepyridylacrylonitrile Acknowledgment We are grateful for the financial support from Sundia Meditech Company Ltd., Shanghai, China, and technical advice from its scientific staff.
Statistical algorithms for models in state space using SsfPack 2.2 (1999)

This paper discusses and documents the algorithms of SsfPack 2.2. SsfPack is a suite of C routines for carrying out computations involving the statistical analysis of univariate and multivariate models in state space form. The emphasis is on documenting the link we have made to the Ox computing environment. SsfPack allows for a full range of different state space forms: from a simple time-invariant model to a complicated time-varying model. Functions can be used which put standard models such as ARIMA and cubic spline models in state space form. Basic functions are available for filtering, moment smoothing and simulation smoothing. Ready-to-use functions are provided for standard tasks such as likelihood evaluation, forecasting and signal extraction. We show that SsfPack can be easily used for implementing, fitting and analysing Gaussian models relevant to many areas of econometrics and statistics. Some Gaussian illustrations are given.
Translation analysis of subtitle from English into Indonesian in The Raid 2 Movie (2019)

<span>Indonesian movies make foreigners interested to watch it. English subtitle is the solution to make Indonesian movies worldwide. Subtitle’s strategies to make good subtitle is very important to make clear subtitle. The objective of the research are to identify subtitling strategies subtitle used in translating The Raid 2 movie and to describe the subtitling clarity of The Raid 2 movie’s English subtitle. The research method used is descriptive approach. The data are required from three source, they are the script of The Raid 2 movie, the reader evaluation and the expert evaluation. This research uses documentation as the technique of collecting data. The researchers use data, investigator, and theory triangulation to make this research can be trusted. The results of this research show that: (1) there are 11 strategies that subtitle used in translating The Raid 2 movie; (2) the clarity of subtitle in The Raid 2 movie is high. The percentage of subtitling clarity from respondents is 91, 02%. The researchers obtain 41 subtitles included into lowest score, 154 subtitles included into medium score, and 681 subtitles included into high score.</span>
One-Shot Learning for Robust Material Classification Using Millimeter-Wave Radar System (2018)

Wireless classification of different types of objects and materials has great potential in industrial and consumer applications. Different materials have a unique signature of electromagnetic signals that are reflected back to the radar sensor. The two main challenges are to handle instinctive interclass differences and large intraclass variations, as well as sensor variability arising, e.g., from different wafer lots. The limited amount of training data is the limitations for conventional deep learning approaches. We propose to address the issue of material classification in such consumer context using a Siamese network that uses the distance-based similarity metric to be small for same materials and large for different materials. We demonstrate our framework by classifying five variations of four materials using a short-range 60-GHz compact radar sensor achieving an overall accuracy of 99.23%.
Experimental demonstration of the (de)coding of hybrid phase and frequency codes using a pseudolocal oscillator for optical code division multiplexing (1998)

The authors detail an initial experimental demonstration of (de)coding of optical sequences coded in the two-dimensions of phase and wavelength through a pseudolocal oscillator. Narrow pulses at 1 Gb/s originating from a supercontinuum (SC) fiber source with a specific frequency variation across their temporal width were, in addition, phase coded producing hybrid optical sequences. Successful decoding of the sequences using a pseudolocal oscillator in tandem with a coupler and balanced detector (coherent decoding) was accomplished. This approach to code formation allows access to a larger family of codes, potentially permitting more flexible network implementations based on optical code division principles.
Carbon Paste Electrodes in Facts, Numbers, and Notes: A Review on the Occasion of the 50‐Years Jubilee of Carbon Paste in Electrochemistry and Electroanalysis (2008)

Abstract This article reviews the electrochemistry and electroanalytical applications of carbon paste‐based electrodes, sensors, and detectors on the occasion of the half‐of‐century anniversary since the discovery of carbon paste. The review (with 333 references) has been prepared in the form of a retrospective compilation presenting the field by means of various facts, notes, data, surveys, and summaries, including numerous rarities or curiosities that illustrate the individual achievements and milestones. Carbon paste‐based electrodes are discussed in their entirety by covering all important areas of the field, starting from basic characterization of carbon paste as the electrode material, via its typical physicochemical and electrochemical properties or specific features, up to a representative documentation of their applicability in electrochemical and electroanalytical measurements.
Metal–Organic Conjugated Microporous Polymers (2010)

Two versatile strategies for preparing metal–organic conjugated microporous polymers (MO-CMPs) containing metals such as rhenium, rhodium, and iridium are described (see example). These materials combine the uninterrupted extended electronic conjugation in the network with catalytically active metal sites.
A metabolic profile of all-cause mortality risk identified in an observational study of 44,168 individuals (2019)

Predicting longer-term mortality risk requires collection of clinical data, which is often cumbersome. Therefore, we use a well-standardized metabolomics platform to identify metabolic predictors of long-term mortality in the circulation of 44,168 individuals (age at baseline 18-109), of whom 5512 died during follow-up. We apply a stepwise (forward-backward) procedure based on meta-analysis results and identify 14 circulating biomarkers independently associating with all-cause mortality. Overall, these associations are similar in men and women and across different age strata. We subsequently show that the prediction accuracy of 5- and 10-year mortality based on a model containing the identified biomarkers and sex (C-statistic = 0.837 and 0.830, respectively) is better than that of a model containing conventional risk factors for mortality (C-statistic = 0.772 and 0.790, respectively). The use of the identified metabolic profile as a predictor of mortality or surrogate endpoint in clinical studies needs further investigation.
Future directions of lasers in dental medicine. (1993)

Dental practitioners continue to serve as leaders in the development of laser applications for dental surgery. Laser wavelengths ranging from the ultra-violet excimer lasers to the far-infrared carbon-dioxide lasers are now used in dental research with greater frequency. By using new and emerging laser media, researchers can now demonstrate advances in the fields of laser diagnostics, photocoagulation, photoablation, and laser tissue-welding. Dental laser therapy is rapidly emerging as an increasingly significant portion of the dental armamentarium. As advances in laser media and miniaturized delivery systems continue, dental laser research will continue to focus on the risk-benefit ratios and viability of specific laser applications. This paper reviews significant laser research of the past year, covering such areas as laser history, laser types, and laser biophysics. Finally, the future implications for dentistry of the most recent advances in laser therapies on hard and soft tissues is reviewed.
Thin Cation‐Exchanger Films by Plasma Polymerization of 1,3‐Butadiene and Methyl Benzenesulfonate (1991)

Ultrathin, uniform, pinhole‐free films containing sulfonic ester groups were prepared by plasma‐polymerization of 1,3‐butadiene and methyl benzenesulfonate. The sulfonic ester groups of the resulting plasma polymer were transformed to lithium sulfonate by reaction with lithium iodide. The sulfonate cation‐exchange films thus prepared had excellent permselectivity, as shown by the K+ ion transference number of 0.99 in aqueous , and a low resistance per unit area, of 0.04 Ω‐cm2, in .
AA-Dedupe: An Application-Aware Source Deduplication Approach for Cloud Backup Services in the Personal Computing Environment (2011)

The market for cloud backup services in the personal computing environment is growing due to large volumes of valuable personal and corporate data being stored on desktops, laptops and smart phones. Source deduplication has become a mainstay of cloud backup that saves network bandwidth and reduces storage space. However, there are two challenges facing deduplication for cloud backup service clients: (1) low deduplication efficiency due to a combination of the resource-intensive nature of deduplication and the limited system resources on the PC-based client site, and (2) low data transfer efficiency since post-deduplication data transfers from source to backup servers are typically very small but must often cross a WAN. In this paper, we present AA-Dedupe, an application-aware source deduplication scheme, to significantly reduce the computational overhead, increase the deduplication throughput and improve the data transfer efficiency. The AA-Dedupe approach is motivated by our key observations of the substantial differences among applications in data redundancy and deduplication characteristics, and thus is based on an application-aware index structure that effectively exploits this application awareness. Our experimental evaluations, based on an AA-Dedupe prototype implementation, show that our scheme can improve deduplication efficiency over the state-of-art source-deduplication methods by a factor of 2-7, resulting in shortened backup window, increased power-efficiency and reduced cost for cloud backup services.
p53 as an Immunotherapeutic Target in Head and Neck Cancer (2004)

Squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (HNSCCs) are characterized by a high frequency of mutations in the p53 gene often leading to p53 protein accumulation. Since accumulation of p53 is associated with enhanced presentation of wild-type sequence (wt) p53 peptides to immune cells, the development of ' pan' vaccines against HNSCC has focused on wt p53 epitopes. We used the HLA-A2.1-restricted wt p53 264-272 epitope pulsed on autologous dendritic cells to generate cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) ex vivo from circulating precursor T cells of HLA-A2.1+ patients with HNSCC. CTLs specific for the wt p53 264-272 peptide were generated from leukocytes obtained from a cohort of patients with HNSCC (group A). Paradoxically, none of those patients had tumors which adequately presented the epitope, i.e. accumulated p53. In contrast, patients who did not generate CTLs (group B) had tumors which accumulated altered p53 and potentially could present the p53 264-272 epitope. When p53 264-272-specific T cells were directly enumerated in the peripheral circulation of patients with HNSCC using tetrameric p53 264-272/HLA-A2.1 complexes by multicolor flow cytometry, group A had high and group B low percentages of tetramer+ CD3+ CD8+ T cells. These findings suggested that in vivo p53-specific CTLs in group A might play a role in the elimination of tumor cells expressing the p53 264-272 epitope ('immunoselection'), leading to the outgrowth of 'epitope loss' tumor cells. On the other hand, precursor CTLs specific for the wt p53 264-272 peptide in group B are unresponsive to the p53 antigen. Unresponsiveness of CTLs specific for the wt p53264-272 peptide detected in group B could be reversed by using more immunogenic variant peptides of the p53 264-272 epitope. In vivo, immunoselection of tumors which become resistant to anti-p53 immune responses has important implications for future p53-based vaccination strategies. It calls for modified approaches, in which altered peptide variants of the wt sequence p53 264-272 epitope are used in a vaccine in order to overcome unresponsiveness of T lymphocytes to the native epitope.