gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Production of Monodispersed Oil-in-Water Emulsion Using Crossflow-Type Silicon Microchannel Plate. (1999)

A novel method for continuous production of monodispersed oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion is developed using a crossflow-type silicon microchannel plate. On the single crystal silicon plate, a liquid flow path for continuous phase was made, and at each side of the wall of the path an array of regular-sized slits was precisely fabricated. A flat glass plate was tightly attached on the microchannel plate to cover the top of the slits to form the array of microchannels. Regular-sized oil (triolein) droplets were generated by squeezing the oil through the microchannels into the continuous-phase water (0.3 wt% sodium lauryl sulfate solution) flowing in the liquid path. Oil droplet size is significantly dependent on the microchannel structure, which is identified with the microchannel width, height, and the length of the terrace (a flat area at the microchannel outlet). Three types of microchannel plates having different microchannel structures generate monodispersed emulsions of different average droplet sizes, 16, 20, and 48 μm at the water flow rate of 1.4 × 10–2 mL·min–1. For the microchannel plate which generates large droplets of 48 μm, increasing the flow rate causes decreasing droplet size. However, for the microchannel plate which generates small droplets of 16 or 20 μm, the size is not affected by the flow rate within the range from 1.4 × 10–2 to 2.4 mL·min–1. In every case, the droplet size distribution is narrow, and the geometric standard deviation is 1.03 or less.
POS-540 INTERIM ANALYSIS OF THE EAGLE TRIAL: AN OPEN-LABEL STUDY TO ASSESS THE LONG-TERM SAFETY AND TOLERABILITY OF BARDOXOLONE METHYL IN PATIENTS WITH ALPORT SYNDROME (2022)

Alport syndrome is a rare genetic disease and the second most common inherited cause of kidney failure, affecting about 60,000 persons in the United States and 103,000 persons in the European Union. Bardoxolone methyl (Bard) reduces inflammatory signaling in animal models and increases eGFR in clinical trials.
SAW resonators of SiO/sub 2//ZnO/diamond structure in GHz range (2002)

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) characteristics of the SiO/sub 2//in interdigital-transducer(IDT)/ZnO/diamond structure were studied, and it was found that the 2nd Sezawa mode in this structure can provide superior SAW characteristics of a zero temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF), a high velocity of 10,000 m/s and a large electromechanical coupling coefficient of 1.2%. Several kinds of SAW resonators were successfully fabricated with this structure, which resulted in superior characteristics with the minimum insertion losses from 6.7 to 13.4 dB, Q values from 680 to 1600, at the center frequencies of 2.488, 2.666 and 3.061 GHz. Their frequency shifts in the temperature range from 0 to 85/spl deg/C were no more than 50 ppm which is smaller than those of ST-cut quartz or 36Y-cut quartz. These characteristics are superior to those ever realized for a GHz SAW resonator.
<i>Colletotrichum coccodes</i>: A Pathogen of Eastern Black Nightshade (<i>Solanum ptycanthum</i>) (1985)

The fungus Colletotrichum coccodes (Wallr.) Hughes was isolated from diseased plants of eastern black nightshade ( Solanum ptycanthum Dun. ♯ SOLPT) growing in the field. In greenhouse experiments, the isolate was highly pathogenic to eastern black nightshade and less so to seven other weedy species within the Solanaceae. No disease symptoms were observed on seedlings of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.), or 10 other species inoculated with the isolate. Dew periods of 16 h or longer were required for maximum disease development. This requirement could limit the practical use of this pathogen as a my coherbicide.
Improving Mobile Search User Experience with SONGO (2010)

Our results suggested that prevention of the progression of DKD by ANT could be related to the regulation of amino acid metabolism. The use of dietary ANT may be one of the dietary strategies to prevent and treat DKD.
Method for continuous guidance of endoscopy (2007)

Previous research has indicated that use of guidance systems during endoscopy can improve the performance and decrease the skill variation of physicians. Current guidance systems, however, rely on computationally intensive registration techniques or costly and error-prone electromagnetic (E/M) registration techniques, neither of which fit seamlessly into the clinical workflow. We have previously proposed a real-time image-based registration technique that addresses both of these problems. We now propose a system-level approach that incorporates this technique into a complete paradigm for real-time image-based guidance in order to provide a physician with continuously-updated navigational and guidance information. At the core of the system is a novel strategy for guidance of endoscopy. Additional elements such as global surface rendering, local cross-sectional views, and pertinent distances are also incorporated into the system to provide additional utility to the physician. Phantom results were generated using bronchoscopy performed on a rapid prototype model of a human tracheobronchial airway tree. The system has also been tested in ongoing live human tests. Thus far, ten such tests, focused on bronchoscopic intervention of pulmonary patients, have been run successfully.
Solid‐state polymerization in poly(butylene terephthalate): The Equilibrium constant (1985)

Abstract Poly(butylene terephthalate) PBT or Poly‐1, 4‐butanediyl 1, 4‐diearboxylate. polycondenses readily in the presence of small amounts of organo‐titanium compounds to form progressively higher molecular weight polymers, The reaction is reversible in the presence of the condensation byproduct, 1,4‐butanediol. Usually this reaction is carried out in the melt phase, but the viscosity is soon limiting. In the current work the polymerization is carried out in the solid phase just below the melting point of 227°C. The equilibrium constant for this reaction is measured by subjecting the polymer to a nitrogen stream saturated with a controlled quantity of butanediol. The reaction is followed by measuring the change in the number of alcoholic end‐groups by infrared spectroscopy. At about 220°C the equilibrium constant is 0.31 (σ = 0.08).
Safety and colonization of two novel VirG(IcsA)-based live Shigella sonnei vaccine strains in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). (2008)

Shigella are gram-negative bacterium that cause bacillary dysentery (shigellosis). Symptoms include diarrhea and discharge of bloody mucoid stools, accompanied by severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, malaise, and fever. Persons traveling to regions with poor sanitation and crowded conditions become particularly susceptible to shigellosis. Currently a vaccine for Shigella has not been licensed in the United States, and the organism quickly becomes resistant to medications. During the past 10 y, several live attenuated oral Shigella vaccines, including the strain WRSS1, have been tested in humans with considerable success. These Phase I vaccines lack the gene for the protein VirG also known as IcsA, which enables the organism to disseminate in the host target tissue. However, 5% to 20% of the vaccinated volunteers developed mild fever and brief diarrhea, and the removal of additional virulence-associated genes from the vaccine strain may reduce or eliminate these side effects. We administered 2 Shigella sonnei vaccines, WRSs2 and WRSs3, along with WRSS1 to compare their rates of colonization and clinical safety in groups of 5 rhesus macaques. The primate model provides the most physiologically relevant animal system to test the validity and efficacy of vaccine candidates. In this pilot study using a gastrointestinal model of infection, the vaccine candidates WRSs2 and WRSs3, which have additional deletions in the enterotoxin and LPS modification genes, provided better safety and comparable immunogenicity to those of WRSS1.
Privacy-Preserving Similarity Joins Over Encrypted Data (2017)

Similarity search on high-dimensional data has been intensively studied for data processing and analytics. Despite its broad applicability, data security and privacy concerns along the trend of data outsourcing have not been fully addressed. In this paper, we investigate privacy-preserving similarity join queries, i.e., a pivotal primitive of similarity search that finds pairwise similar data points across two data sets. We start from locality-sensitive hashing and searchable symmetric encryption, i.e., the most practical techniques for similarity search and encrypted search, respectively. However, the immediate combination of two techniques discloses the distribution of the query set, which is exploitable to compromise the confidentiality of queries. To enhance the security, we propose the frequency hiding query scheme, which allows the server to see the flattened query distribution only. To improve the scalability, we further design the result sharing query scheme, which processes a small portion of query points and shares the results with other nearby points. Besides, we set up a strict constraint to carefully select query points to achieve “as-strong-as-possible” guarantees. We formalize the leakage functions in the context of similarity joins, and conduct rigorous security analysis. We implement and evaluate the proposed query schemes on Azure cloud. Experimental results indicate that they have different tradeoffs on security, efficiency, and accuracy, which can flexibly be used for different deployment scenarios.
Stabilizing markets via a novel auction based pricing mechanism for short-term contracts for network services (2005)

This paper studies pricing mechanisms for short-term contracts for network services in a recurring auction with sealed bids. We propose and evaluate a novel winner selection policy in such an auction. The new approach was motivated by an observation that in a recurring auction enough customers must be willing to participate in future auction rounds to prevent collapse of prices. Using simulations, we compare the proposed mechanism with traditional ones. The results demonstrate that the new method (i) increases revenues of the network service provider, (ii) minimizes loss of fairness, and (iii) enlarges the active customer base of a recurring auction.
A robust meta‐classification strategy for cancer detection from MS data (2005)

We propose a novel method for phenotype identification involving a stringent noise analysis and filtering procedure followed by combining the results of several machine learning tools to produce a robust predictor. We illustrate our method on SELDI-TOF MS prostate cancer data (http://home.ccr.cancer.gov/ncifdaproteomics/ppatterns.asp). Our method identified 11 proteomic biomarkers and gave significantly improved predictions over previous analyses with these data. We were able to distinguish cancer from non-cancer cases with a sensitivity of 90.31% and a specificity of 98.81%. The proposed method can be generalized to multi-phenotype prediction and other types of data (e.g., microarray data).
Polymer Supported Carbodiimide Strategy for the Synthesis of N‐Acylated Derivatives of Deoxy‐ and Ribo‐Purinenucleosides Using Active Esters. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Design of low-error fixed-width modified booth multiplier (2004)

This paper presents an error compensation method for a modified Booth fixed-width multiplier that receives a W-bit input and produces a W-bit product. To efficiently compensate for the quantization error, Booth encoder outputs (not multiplier coefficients) are used for the generation of error compensation bias. The truncated bits are divided into two groups depending upon their effects on the quantization error. Then, different error compensation methods are applied to each group. By simulations, it is shown that quantization error can be reduced up to 50% by the proposed error compensation method compared with the existing method with approximately the same hardware overhead in the bias generation circuit. It is also shown that the proposed method leads to up to 35% reduction in area and power consumption of a multiplier compared with the ideal multiplier.
<title>Evaluation of color display by polychromatic MTF</title> (2002)

We propose a method for evaluating the image quality of color LCD monitors by using the polychromatic modulation transfer function (PMTF). The PMTF is calculated from the values of monochromatic MTFs weighted by the overall spectral response of the system. We also propose a method for simulating the PMTF of a color LCD monitor by using three bar targets with different amplitudes. To obtain the spectral response of the color LCD monitor, the chromaticity (x,y) and luminance are measured with a spectroradiometer. The PMTF measuring system with a 2-D cooled charge coupled- device camera, an objective lens and a translator is used to evaluate the color LCD monitor.
Joint Analog and Digital Interference Cancellation (2014)

The mitigation of in-band interference from co-located emitters is an increasingly important problem in commercial and military wireless communications systems design. In this work, we present a co-located interference mitigation approach that is targeted for scenarios in which the interfering signal is received at an extremely high power and the delay between the received (over-the-air) and reference (wired) copies of the interferer is not negligible. Such scenarios are common in military applications (e.g., simultaneous jamming and communications). The proposed Joint Analog and Digital Interference Cancellation (JADIC) system is self-configuring and can provide over 100 dB of suppression of wideband and narrowband jammers.
Extremely Low Organ Toxicity and Strong Antitumor Activity of miR-34-Regulated Oncolytic Coxsackievirus B3 (2019)

Oncolytic virotherapies have emerged as new modalities for cancer treatment. We previously reported that coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is a novel oncolytic virus (OV) with a strong ability to lyse human non-small cell lung cancer cells; however, its non-specific toxicity against normal cells remains to be resolved. To improve its safety profile, microRNA target sequences complementary to miR-34a/c, which is expressed preferentially in normal cells, were inserted into the 5' UTR or 3' UTR of the CVB3 genome. In the presence of miR-34a/c, the gene-modified CVB3 could not replicate in normal cells. We also found that the pathogenicity of CVB3 was reduced to a greater extent by targeting miR-34a than miR-34c; in addition, it was more effective to insert the target sequences into the 3' UTR rather than the 5' UTR of the viral genome. Ultimately, we developed a double-miR-34a targeting virus (53a-CVB) by inserting miR-34a targets in both the 5' UTR and 3' UTR of the virus. 53a-CVB was minimally toxic to cells in normal tissue, but maintained nearly its full oncolytic activity in mice xenografted with human lung cancer. 53a-CVB is the first miR-34-regulated OV and represents a promising platform for the development of safe and effective anti-cancer therapies.
Suppressing alignment: An approach for out-of-band interference reduction in OFDM systems (2015)

In this work, we introduce a novel approach, called suppressing alignment, to reduce the out-of-band (OOB) interference of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. Suppressing alignment exploits the unavoidable redundancy provided by the cyclic prefix (CP) and the wireless communications channel to generate an OOB interference suppressing signal at the OFDM transmitter. However, after passing through the wireless channel, the suppressing signal is aligned with the CP duration at the OFDM receiver, essentially causing no interference to the data portion of the OFDM symbol. The proposed approach reduces the OOB interference by tens of decibels and does not require any change in the receiver structure of legacy OFDM.
<i>Clostridium perfringens</i> epsilon toxin H149A mutant as a platform for receptor binding studies (2013)

Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin (Etx) is a pore-forming toxin responsible for a severe and rapidly fatal enterotoxemia of ruminants. The toxin is classified as a category B bioterrorism agent by the U.S. Government Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), making work with recombinant toxin difficult. To reduce the hazard posed by work with recombinant Etx, we have used a variant of Etx that contains a H149A mutation (Etx-H149A), previously reported to have reduced, but not abolished, toxicity. The three-dimensional structure of H149A prototoxin shows that the H149A mutation in domain III does not affect organisation of the putative receptor binding loops in domain I of the toxin. Surface exposed tyrosine residues in domain I of Etx-H149A (Y16, Y20, Y29, Y30, Y36 and Y196) were mutated to alanine and mutants Y30A and Y196A showed significantly reduced binding to MDCK.2 cells relative to Etx-H149A that correlated with their reduced cytotoxic activity. Thus, our study confirms the role of surface exposed tyrosine residues in domain I of Etx in binding to MDCK cells and the suitability of Etx-H149A for further receptor binding studies. In contrast, binding of all of the tyrosine mutants to ACHN cells was similar to that of Etx-H149A, suggesting that Etx can recognise different cell surface receptors. In support of this, the crystal structure of Etx-H149A identified a glycan (β-octyl-glucoside) binding site in domain III of Etx-H149A, which may be a second receptor binding site. These findings have important implications for developing strategies designed to neutralise toxin activity.
Electromagnetic Based Devices for Non-invasive Glucose Monitoring (2018)

This paper presents an overall review of the most recent electromagnetic (EM) based techniques that are employed for non-invasive, continuous glucose monitoring. The different types of EM based sensors are discussed and their challenges are addressed. Such sensors have proven to provide good sensitivity to glucose variation in blood. However, they exhibit some significant downfalls that must be addressed in the design of any future EM based device.
Barrier Properties of Titanium Nitride Films Grown by Low Temperature Chemical Vapor Deposition from Titanium Tetraiodide (1997)

Results are presented from a systematic study of the composition, texture, and electrical properties of titanium nitride (TiN) films and their performance as diffusion barrier in multilevel interconnect schemes of ultralarge scale integration (ULSI) computer chip device structures. The films were grown by low temperature (<450°C) inorganic chemical vapor deposition using titanium tetraiodide as source precursor and ammonia and hydrogen as co‐reactants. The TiN films were nitrogen‐rich., with iodine concentrations below 2 atom percent, displayed resistivities in the range 100 to 150 μΩ cm depending on thickness, and exhibited excellent step coverage with better than 90% conformality in both nominal 0.45 μm, 3:1 aspect ratio and 0.25 μm, 4:1 aspect ratio contact structures. A comparison of the properties of chemical vapor deposited (CVD) TiN with equivalent physical vapor deposited (PVD) TiN showed that reactivity with Al‐0.5 a/o Cu alloys was equivalent in both cases. In particular, a 10% increase in the Al‐Cu/TiN stack sheet resistance was observed for both types of TiN after a 450°C, 30 min sinter. Similarly, the characteristics of CVD tungsten and reflow plug fills were identical on both types of TiN films. However, barrier performance for CVD TiN in aluminum and tungsten plug technologies was superior to that of PVD TiN, as evidenced by lower contact diode leakage for CVD TiN in comparison with PVD TiN films of equal thickness. This improved barrier performance could be attributed to a combination of factors, which include the nitrogen‐rich composition, higher density, and enhanced conformality of the CVD TiN phase in comparison with the PVD TiN. In view of the superior step coverage and diffusion barrier characteristics, the low temperature inorganic CVD route to TiN seems to provide an adequate replacement for conventional PVD TiN in emerging ULSI metallization interconnect schemes.
REVIEW OF ALLIED TIRE MECHANICS RESEARCH (1979)

This paper presents a brief summary of Allied Corporation's tire mechanics research. Recognizing the tire temperature as the key variable affecting the performance of a tire, a study was made of the problems of why the temperature rises, how to determine the temperature, what role it plays in the tire performance with respect to rolling resistance and fatigue failure, and how it can be kept low within the limit of keeping the tire safe. A method of finite element analysis is now being refined to determine tire deformations from the tire design data.
Rotational Stability of Scaphoid Osteosyntheses: An In Vitro Comparison of Small Fragment Cannulated Screws to Novel Bone Screw Sets (2016)

For both BSS and to a lesser extent for Twinfix® (as dual-component screw), higher rotational stabilities were identified in comparison to single component headless compression screws.
Production of a monocot-specific monoclonal antibody against acetohydroxyacid synthase and its use in the purification and characterization of the enzyme. (1991)

Acetohydroxyacid synthase [AHAS; acetolactate pyruvate-lyase (carboxylating), EC 4.1.3.18], the first enzyme unique to the biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine, is a known target for several different chemical classes of herbicides. Antibodies required for immunological characterization of the enzyme have not been generated by the conventional method of antibody production using purified protein. Monoclonal antibodies were raised against AHAS from corn by using as immunogen a synthetic peptide representing this enzyme. This antibody immunoprecipitated the enzyme activity from corn. On a Western blot, a protein band with a molecular weight of 65,000 was detected in crude extracts of corn. Furthermore, a monoclonal antibody immunoaffinity gel was used to isolate a single protein from crude enzyme preparations that migrated at Mr 65,000 in an SDS/polyacrylamide gel. The molecular weight of this protein band is the molecular weight predicted for a plant AHAS from a cloned gene sequence. These results strongly suggest that the Mr 65,000 protein represents AHAS in corn extracts. Interestingly, the monoclonal antibody specifically recognized the enzyme from monocots and did not crossreact with AHAS from any dicot species tested. Identification of this monoclonal antibody that distinguishes monocot and dicot AHAS is significant because of a very high degree of amino acid conservation (85%) between AHAS proteins from different species.
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) expressing the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 as a live virus vaccine candidate (2020)

This work is supported by an NIAID funded Center of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance (CEIRS) contract, the Collaborative Influenza Vaccine Innovation Centers (CIVIC) contract, philanthropic donations and NIH grants.