gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrically Pumped Photonic Crystal Nanocavities Using a Laterally Doped p-i-n Junction (2010)

Ion implantation doping is used to define a laterally doped p-i-n junction to electrically pump a gallium arsenide photonic crystal nanocavity with indium arsenide quantum dots. Cavity coupled electroluminescence is demonstrated.
Selective Inhibitors of Histone Deacetylases 1 and 2 Synergize with Azacitidine in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2017)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by defects in myeloid differentiation and increased proliferation of neoplastic hematopoietic precursor cells. Outcomes for patients with AML remain poor, highlighting the need for novel treatment options. Aberrant epigenetic regulation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AML, and inhibitors of DNA methyltransferase or histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes have exhibited activity in preclinical AML models. Combination studies with HDAC inhibitors plus DNA methyltransferase inhibitors have potential beneficial clinical activity in AML, however the toxicity profiles of non-selective HDAC inhibitors in the combination setting limit their clinical utility. In this work, we describe the preclinical development of selective inhibitors of HDAC1 and HDAC2, which are hypothesized to have improved safety profiles, for combination therapy in AML. We demonstrate that selective inhibition of HDAC1 and HDAC2 is sufficient to achieve efficacy both as a single agent and in combination with azacitidine in preclinical models of AML, including established AML cell lines, primary leukemia cells from AML patient bone marrow samples and in vivo xenograft models of human AML. Gene expression profiling of AML cells treated with either an HDAC1/2 inhibitor, azacitidine, or the combination of both have identified a list of genes involved in transcription and cell cycle regulation as potential mediators of the combinatorial effects of HDAC1/2 inhibition with azacitidine. Together, these findings support the clinical evaluation of selective HDAC1/2 inhibitors in combination with azacitidine in AML patients.
Variation of the amount of water absorbed in Ni-montmorillonite with the amount of exchangeable cations. (1989)

Montmorillonites with different amounts of exchangeable Ni2+ were prepared. The amount of water absorbed in the interlayer sites of these specimens was measured thermogravimetrically. The amount of the absorbed water decreased with the decrease of the amount of Ni2+ in the interlayer sites. The observed results suggest that the number of exchangeable cations plays an important role in determining the amount of water absorbed in montmorillonite.
Richness-preserving manga screening (2008)

Due to the tediousness and labor intensive cost, some manga artists have already employed computer-assisted methods for converting color photographs to manga backgrounds. However, existing bitonal image generation methods usually produce unsatisfactory uniform screening results that are not consistent with traditional mangas, in which the artist employs a rich set of screens. In this paper, we propose a novel method for generating bitonal manga backgrounds from color photographs. Our goal is to preserve the visual richness in the original photograph by utilizing not only screen density, but also the variety of screen patterns. To achieve the goal, we select screens for different regions in order to preserve the tone similarity, texture similarity, and chromaticity distinguishability. The multi-dimensional scaling technique is employed in such a color-to-pattern matching for maintaining pattern dissimilarity of the screens. Users can control the mapping by a few parameters and interactively fine-tune the result. Several results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and convenience of the proposed method.
Accurate, efficient, and adaptive calling context profiling (2006)

Calling context profiles are used in many inter-procedural code optimizations and in overall program understanding. Unfortunately, the collection of profile information is highly intrusive due to the high frequency of method calls in most applications. Previously proposed calling-context profiling mechanisms consequently suffer from either low accuracy, high overhead, or both. We have developed a new approach for building the calling context tree at runtime, called adaptive bursting. By selectively inhibiting redundant profiling, this approach dramatically reduces overhead while preserving profile accuracy. We first demonstrate the drawbacks of previously proposed calling context profiling mechanisms. We show that a low-overhead solution using sampled stack-walking alone is less than 50% accurate, based on degree of overlap with a complete calling-context tree. We also show that a static bursting approach collects a highly accurate profile, but causes an unacceptable application slowdown. Our adaptive solution achieves 85% degree of overlap and provides an 88% hot-edge coverage when using a 0.1 hot-edge threshold, while dramatically reducing overhead compared to the static bursting approach.
Detection and Manipulation of the Stress Response Protein Metallothionein (2017)

Metallothioneins (MTs) are small molecular weight stress response proteins that play a central role as reservoir of essential divalent heavy metal cations such as zinc and copper, and also can diminish the effects of toxic heavy metals such as mercury and cadmium. Historically, MT has been considered to be an intracellular protein with roles to play in the management of heavy metals, as a regulator of cellular redox potential, and as a buffer of free radicals. Our recent studies have highlighted immunomodulatory role of MT in inflammatory diseases and also in the progression of metastatic cell movement. Hence, manipulation and detection of MT is essential for its possible use as a diagnostic and in therapeutic interventions of chronic inflammation. This review describes procedures used to detect MT using techniques such as western immunoblot, competition ELISA, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Additionally, it also describes the use of a colorimetric cell proliferation assay (CellTiter 96 AQ<sub>ueous</sub> One Solution/MTS) to study the proliferative effect of MT. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A Stationary-Sources and Rotating-Detectors Computed Tomography Architecture for Higher Temporal Resolution and Lower Radiation Dose (2014)

In current computed tomography (CT) architecture, both X-ray tubes and X-ray detectors are rotated mechanically around an object to collect a sufficient number of projections. This architecture has been shown to not be fast enough for patients with high or irregular heart rates. Furthermore, both X-ray beams and detectors of the current architecture are made wide enough, so that the entire object is covered in the lateral direction without data truncation. Although novel acquisition protocols have recently been developed to reduce a radiation exposure, the high radiation dose from CT imaging remains a heightened public concern (especially for cardiac CT). The current CT architecture is a major bottleneck to further increase the temporal resolution and reduce the radiation dose. To overcome these problems, we present an innovative stationary-sources rotating-detectors CT (SSRD-CT) architecture based on the three stationary distributed X-ray sources and three smaller rotating X-ray detectors. Each distributed X-ray source has ~ 100 distinctive X-ray focal spots, and each detector has a narrower width compared with the conventional CT detectors. The SSRD-CT will have a field-of-view of 200 mm in diameter at isocenter, which is large enough to image many internal organs, including hearts. X-rays from the distributed sources are activated electronically to simulate the mechanical spinning of conventional single-beam X-ray sources with a high speed. The activation of individual X-ray beam will be synchronized to the corresponding rotating detector at the opposite end. Three source-detector chains can work in parallel to acquire three projections simultaneously and improve temporal resolution. Lower full-body radiation dose is expected for the proposed SSRD-CT because X-rays are restricted to irradiate a local smaller region. Taken together, the proposed SSRD-CT architecture will enable ≤50-ms temporal resolution and reduce radiation dose significantly.
Frames: A Corpus for Adding Memory to Goal-Oriented Dialogue Systems (2017)

This paper presents the Frames dataset (Frames is available at http://datasets.maluuba.com/Frames), a corpus of 1369 human-human dialogues with an average of 15 turns per dialogue. We developed this dataset to study the role of memory in goal-oriented dialogue systems. Based on Frames, we introduce a task called frame tracking, which extends state tracking to a setting where several states are tracked simultaneously. We propose a baseline model for this task. We show that Frames can also be used to study memory in dialogue management and information presentation through natural language generation.
(<i>In situ</i>) spectroscopic studies on state-of-the-art Pd(<scp>ii</scp>) catalysts in solution for the alkoxycarbonylation of alkenes (2022)

( In situ ) liquid-phase spectroscopic investigations on state-of-the-art Pd catalysts modified with pyridyl-substituted diphosphine ligands for alkene alkoxycarbonylations have been performed for characterizing resting state complexes in solution.
(2′-5′)-Oligo-3′-Deoxynucleotides: Selective Binding to Single-Stranded RNA but Not DNA (1995)

Oligodeoxynucleotides with (2′-5′) internucleotide linkages have been synthesized on a solid support via standard cyanoethyl phosphoramidite chemistry. This simple change in the oligonucleotide bond connectivity led to unique properties. UV melting temperature experiments indicate that the (2′-′)-oligo-3′-deoxyadenylates, (2′-5′)-3′-dA8 and (2′-5′)-3′-dA8(s) phosphorothioate, hybridize selectively to single-stranded RNA but not DNA. The complex (2′-5′)-3′-dA8:poly (U) (Tm = 32°C) was nearly as stable as the natural (3′-5′)-2′-dA8 and poly (U) (Tm = 33°C) in 130 mM NaCl, and 10 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.5). However, no association was observed upon mixing (2′-5′)-3′-dA8 and poly (dT). The (2′-5′) linkages also confer greater resistance to exo- and endonucleolytic degradation compared with (3′-5′)-linked oligomers. The rate of degradation of (2′-5′)-3′-dA8 was almost four times less than that of (3′-5′)-2′-dA8 in cell culture medium containing 10% heat-inactivated fetal calf serum. An increase in stability for (2′-5′)-3′-dA8 against endonuclease activity was observed in both cytoplasmic and nuclear extracts. The nucleic acid selectivity of (2′-5′)-oligo-3′-deoxynucleotides may represent an important design feature to improve the efficacy of antisense oligonucleotides.
Distributed-mass micromachined gyroscopes: demonstration of drive-mode bandwidth enhancement (2004)

The limitations of photolithography-based micromachining technologies defines the upper-bound on the performance and robustness of micromachined gyroscopes. The mode-matching problem and the quadrature error due to the resulting fabrication imperfections are the two major challenges in MEMS gyroscope design. This paper presents a novel micromachined z-axis rate gyroscope with multidirectional drive-mode, that increases the drive-mode bandwidth for relaxing mode-matching requirements, and completely decouples the drive and sense modes. By utilizing multiple drive-mode oscillators with incrementally spaced resonance frequencies, wide-bandwidth response is achieved in the drive-mode, leading to reduced sensitivity to structural and thermal parameter fluctuations. Quadrature error and zero-rate-output are also minimized, due to the enhanced decoupling of multi-directional linear drive-mode and the torsional sense-mode. Bulk-micromachined prototypes have been fabricated in a one-mask SOI-based process, and experimentally characterized.
A Rack-Level Cooling Redundancy Metric for Data Center Applications (2011)

Redundancy is an important measure of an operation’s ability to withstand planned or unplanned system failures. While this concept is commonly used in power systems, redundancy can be extended to data center cooling systems, as well. We propose a rack-based redundancy metric for cooling performance that is similar in nomenclature to metrics for power systems, but also captures the local nature of data center cooling. This paper will explain how to compute this metric for general data center layouts and show how cooling redundancy can influence design choices when used in combination with typical measures of cooling coverage: inlet temperature and Capture Index.
Ultrasound-Targeted Microbubble Destruction to Deliver siRNA Cancer Therapy (2012)

Microbubble contrast agents can specifically deliver nucleic acids to target tissues when exposed to ultrasound treatment parameters that mediate microbubble destruction. In this study, we evaluated whether microbubbles and ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) could be used to enhance delivery of EGF receptor (EGFR)-directed siRNA to murine squamous cell carcinomas. Custom-designed microbubbles efficiently bound siRNA and mediated RNAse protection. UTMD-mediated delivery of microbubbles loaded with EGFR-directed siRNA to murine squamous carcinoma cells in vitro reduced EGFR expression and EGF-dependent growth, relative to delivery of control siRNA. Similarly, serial UTMD-mediated delivery of EGFR siRNA to squamous cell carcinoma in vivo decreased EGFR expression and increased tumor doubling time, relative to controls receiving EGFR siRNA-loaded microbubbles but not ultrasound or control siRNA-loaded microbubbles and UTMD. Taken together, our results offer a preclinical proof-of-concept for customized microbubbles and UTMD to deliver gene-targeted siRNA for cancer therapy.
Broken Symmetry Dielectric Resonators for High Quality Factor Fano Metasurfaces (2016)

We present a new approach to dielectric metasurface design that relies on a single resonator per unit cell and produces robust, high quality factor Fano resonances. Our approach utilizes symmetry breaking of highly symmetric resonator geometries, such as cubes, to induce couplings between the otherwise orthogonal resonator modes. In particular, we design perturbations that couple “bright” dipole modes to “dark” dipole modes whose radiative decay is suppressed by local field effects in the array. Our approach is widely scalable from the near-infrared to radio frequencies. We first unravel the Fano resonance behavior through numerical simulations of a germanium resonator-based metasurface that achieves a quality factor of ∼1300 at ∼10.8 μm. Then, we present two experimental demonstrations operating in the near-infrared (∼1 μm): a silicon-based implementation that achieves a quality factor of ∼350; and a gallium arsenide-based structure that achieves a quality factor of ∼600, the highest near-infrared quality factor experimentally demonstrated to date with this kind of metasurface. Importantly, large electromagnetic field enhancements appear within the resonators at the Fano resonant frequencies. We envision that combining high quality factor, high field enhancement resonances with nonlinear and active/gain materials such as gallium arsenide will lead to new classes of active optical devices.
Hybridization Properties and Polymerase Acceptance of Nitropiperonyl Deoxyriboside. Photochemical DNA Backbone Cleavage (1999)

Abstract A novel C-nucleoside has been developed that can substitute for three of the four heterocyclic bases in double-stranded nucleic acids. It has the further property that it can be activated by light, leading to backbone cleavage and thereby dissociation of longer, double-stranded nucleic acids into shorter, single-stranded nucleic acids. Keywords:: nucleotidesfragmentationphotochemistry
Association of Epileptic and Nonepileptic Seizures and Changes in Circulating Plasma Proteins Linked to Neuroinflammation (2021)

This study provides Class III evidence that variable levels of 4 plasma proteins, when analyzed by a diagnostic algorithm, can distinguish PNES from ES with sensitivity of 82.6% and specificity of 91.6%.
A Novel Approach to a Bifunctional Photosensitizer for Tumor Imaging and Phototherapy (2005)

Optical imaging has attracted a great attention for studying molecular recognitions because minute fluorescent tracers can be detected in homogeneous and heterogeneous media with existing laboratory instruments. In our preliminary study, a clinically relevant photosensitizer (HPPH, a chlorophyll-a analog) was linked with a cyanine dye (with required photophysical characteristics but limited tumor selectivity), and the resulting conjugate was found to be an efficient tumor imaging (fluorescence imaging) and photosensitizing agent. Compared to HPPH, the presence of the cyanine dye moiety in the conjugate produced a significantly higher uptake in tumor than skin. At a therapeutic/imaging dose, the conjugate did not show any significant skin phototoxicity, a major drawback associated with most of the porphyrin-based photosensitizers. These results suggest that tumor-avid porphyrin-based compounds can be used as "vehicles" to deliver the desired fluorescent agent(s) to tumor. The development of tumor imaging or improved photodynamic therapy agent(s) by itself represents an important step, but a dual function agent (fluorescence imaging and photodynamic therapy) provides the potential for tumor detection and targeted photodynamic therapy, combining two modalities into a single cost-effective "see and treat" approach.
Design of a Multi-Directional Variable Stiffness Leg for Dynamic Running (2007)

Recent developments in dynamic legged locomotion have focused on encoding a substantial component of leg intelligence into passive compliant mechanisms. One of the limitations of this approach is reduced adaptability: the final leg mechanism usually performs optimally for a small range of conditions (i.e. a certain robot weight, terrain, speed, gait, and so forth). For many situations in which a small locomotion system experiences a change in any of these conditions, it is desirable to have a variable stiffness leg to tune the natural frequency of the system for effective gait control. In this paper, we present an overview of variable stiffness leg spring designs, and introduce a new approach specifically for autonomous dynamic legged locomotion. We introduce a simple leg model that captures the spatial compliance of the tunable leg in three dimensions. Lastly, we present the design and manufacture of the multi-directional variable stiffness legs, and experimentally validate their correspondence to the proposed model.
Mechanical record cutting method (1981)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Herbert Knothe, Horst Redlich, Klaus Röschmann; Mechanical record cutting method. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 August 1981; 70 (2): 657. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.386710 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
New therapeutic approaches for Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (2010)

Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM) is a B-cell disorder characterized by the infiltration of the bone marrow (BM) with lymphoplasmacytic cells, as well as detection of an IgM monoclonal gammopathy in the serum. WM is an incurable disease, with an overall medial survival of only 5-6 years. First-line therapy of WM has been based on single-agent or combination therapy with alkylator agents (e.g. chlorambucil or cyclophasphamide), nucleoside analogues (cladribine or fludarabine), and the monoclonal antibody rituximab. Novel therapeutic agents that have demonstrated efficacy in WM include thalidomide, lenalidomide, bortezomib, everolimus, Atacicept, and perifosine. The range of the ORR to these agents is between 25-80%. Ongoing and planned future clinical trials include those using PKC inhibitors such as enzastaurin, new proteasome inhibitors such as carfilzomib, histone deacetylase inhibitors such as panobinostat, humanized CD20 antibodies such as Ofatumumab, and additional alkylating agents such as bendamustine. These agents, when compared to traditional chemotherapeutic agents, may lead in the future to higher responses, longer remissions and better quality of life for patients with WM.
New Proteins for the Control of Insects in Transgenic Crops (1996)

Genetically modified potato and cotton crops that express insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have recently been commercialized. These crops display autonomous resistance to specific insect pests, and thus offer major agricultural and environmental benefits. We have implemented a microbial screening program to discover new types of insecticidal proteins for use in transgenic crops. New proteins with diverse modes of action offer opportunities to control insect pests that are not susceptible to Bt insecticidal proteins and to delay or prevent the potential occurrence of resistance of insects to crops genetically modified with Bt genes. Cholesterol oxidase emerged from our screen as a new insecticidal protein with potent activity against the cotton boll weevil. Cholesterol oxidase was acutely toxic to boll weevil larvae, with an LC50 of 2–6 parts per million when ingested in artificial diet feeding assays, and caused marked reductions in fecundity when ingested by adult boll weevils. Cholesterol oxidase also exerted significant, though less severe, toxicity against several lepidopteran pests. The insecticidal action of cholesterol oxidase appears to be due to oxidation of midgut epithelial membrane cholesterol followed by membrane disruption. A cholesterol oxidase gene was cloned and expressed in transgenic tobacco plants to yield plant tissue that exerted potent activity against boll weevil. Expression of this cholesterol oxidase gene in cotton plants may offer significant protection against the cotton boll weevil and may also aid in the mitigation of resistance of cotton lepidopteran pests to Bt proteins.
Sidelobe suppression in ultrasound imaging using dual apodization with cross-correlation (2008)

This paper introduces a novel sidelobe and clutter suppression method in ultrasound imaging called dual apodization with cross-correlation or DAX. DAX dramatically improves the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) allowing for easier visualization of anechoic cysts and blood vessels. This technique uses dual apodization or weighting strategies that are effective in removing or minimizing clutter and efficient in terms of computational load and hardware/software needs. This dual apodization allows us to determine the amount of mainlobe versus clutter contribution in a signal by cross-correlating RF data acquired from 2 apodization functions. Simulation results using a 128 element 5 MHz linear array show an improvement in CNR of 139% compared with standard beamformed data with uniform apodization in a 3 mm diameter anechoic cylindrical cyst. Experimental CNR using a tissue-mimicking phantom with the same sized cyst shows an improvement of 123% in a DAX processed image.