gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Feedback Particle Filter (2013)

The feedback particle filter introduced in this paper is a new approach to approximate nonlinear filtering, motivated by techniques from mean-field game theory. The filter is defined by an ensemble of controlled stochastic systems (the particles). Each particle evolves under feedback control based on its own state, and features of the empirical distribution of the ensemble. The feedback control law is obtained as the solution to an optimal control problem, in which the optimization criterion is the Kullback-Leibler divergence between the actual posterior, and the common posterior of any particle. The following conclusions are obtained for diffusions with continuous observations: 1) The optimal control solution is exact: The two posteriors match exactly, provided they are initialized with identical priors. 2) The optimal filter admits an innovation error-based gain feedback structure. 3) The optimal feedback gain is obtained via a solution of an Euler-Lagrange boundary value problem; the feedback gain equals the Kalman gain in the linear Gaussian case. Numerical algorithms are introduced and implemented in two general examples, and a neuroscience application involving coupled oscillators. In some cases it is found that the filter exhibits significantly lower variance when compared to the bootstrap particle filter.
Performance Improvement by Layout Designs of Conductive Polymer Microelectrode Based Impedimetric Biosensors (2014)

Abstract In this work we present a theoretical, computational, and experimental evaluation of the performance of an impedimetric biosensor based on interdigitated conductive polymer (PEDOT:TsO) microelectrodes in a microfluidic system. The influence of the geometry of the electrodes and microchannels on the electrochemical performance of the biosensor was exploited to improve the detection system. The developed model allowed us to predict the performance of the electrochemical system, and thus to optimize the geometry for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Finally, the optimized electrode design was validated by the detection of a clinically relevant target (ampicillin) at picomolar concentrations.
Establishment of a sandwich ELISA for human megsin, a kidney-specific serine protease inhibitor (2007)

We established a high-sensitive megsin ELISA, which detects urinary megsin in some patients with renal diseases and in only a few healthy subjects. Megsin ELISA may be a novel diagnostic tool for renal diseases.
Non-Aqueous Electrochemical Fluorination of Used Nuclear Fuel as an Advanced Separation Process (2019)

Development of efficient and environmentally benign methods to reprocess used nuclear fuel (UNF) will enable technologies for a nuclear renaissance. Electrochemical and fluorination methods for reprocessing UNF have been proposed, but combinations of electrochemical and fluorination methods have not been investigated. Electrochemical fluorination may reduce waste volumes compared to the main large-scale aqueous methods for processing used nuclear fuel. A non-aqueous electrochemical fluorination reprocessing method has been developed and demonstrated that enables gas phase uranium recovery while allowing for potential control of the reaction using a single process. Thermodynamic modeling showed a galvanic reaction between UNF and a fluorinating agent, such as NF<sub>3</sub>, in a molten fluoride electrolyte was possible and could selectively fluorinate U to UF<sub>6</sub>. To verify the model results, a reactor system for electrochemical fluorination was constructed along with vessels for product collection and analysis. Initial trials of the electrochemical reaction were performed and characterized by several electrochemical methods. The electrochemical oxidation of U using NF<sub>3</sub> as an oxidizing agent was demonstrated and UF<sub>6</sub> as a reaction product was detected.
Coherent Lidar for Autonomous Vehicle Applications (2019)

To address the challenges of autonomous driving applications Blackmore has focused on integrated photonics and coherent detection as the keys to realizing high performance lidar systems. Technology adoption is discussed from the perspective of range-Doppler measurement engines.
Development of Double Sheathed Multiple Thermocouples and Analyzing Method of Lining Erosion of Refractory Wall (1984)

The lining erosion measuring system for blast furnace has been developed. This system consists of double sheathed multiple thermocouple (FMT Sensor : Fine Multi Thermo-Sensor) and computer software for the estimation of lining erosion of refractory wall (Trigger-Response method).The sensor can simultaneously measure the temperature variations at a number of positions across the thickness of the lining. The Trigger-Response method can calculate the remaining thickness of lining by analyzing the time-delay occuring in the propagation of temperature variations in the lining. By analyzing the signals out of FMT-Sensors by the Trigger-Response method, the extent of erosion of the refractory lining is estimated within an error tolerance of less than 5%.These techniques have been successfully systematized to on-line lining erosion monitoring system for blast furnace. Also, this paper describes the newly developed Ansatz Measuring Sensor of which principle is based on the application of FMT-Sensors. It is considered that signals out of FMT-Sensor may carry the useful data as operation guidance for blast furnace.
Video object tracking with a sequential hierarchy of template deformations (2001)

We have developed a new contour-based tracking algorithm that uses a sequence of template deformations to model and track generic video objects. We organize the deformations into a hierarchy: globally affine deformations, piecewise (locally) affine deformations, and arbitrary smooth deformations (snakes). This design enables the algorithm to track objects whose pose and shape change in time compared to the template. If the object is not a rigid body, we model the temporal evolution of its shape by updating the entire template after each video frame; otherwise, we only update the pose of the object. Experimental results demonstrate that our method is able to track a variety of video objects, including those undergoing rapid changes. We quantitatively compare our algorithm with its constituent pieces (e.g., the snake algorithm) and show that the complete algorithm can track objects with moving parts for a longer duration than partial versions of the hierarchy. It could be benefited from a higher level algorithm to dynamically adjust the parameters and template deformations to improve the segmentation accuracy further. The hierarchical nature of this algorithm provides a framework that offers a modular approach for the design and enhancement of future object-tracking algorithms.
Learning to model relatedness for news recommendation (2011)

With the explosive growth of online news readership, recommending interesting news articles to users has become extremely important. While existing Web services such as Yahoo! and Digg attract users' initial clicks by leveraging various kinds of signals, how to engage such users algorithmically after their initial visit is largely under-explored. In this paper, we study the problem of post-click news recommendation. Given that a user has perused a current news article, our idea is to automatically identify "related" news articles which the user would like to read afterwards. Specifically, we propose to characterize relatedness between news articles across four aspects: relevance, novelty, connection clarity, and transition smoothness. Motivated by this understanding, we define a set of features to capture each of these aspects and put forward a learning approach to model relatedness. In order to quantitatively evaluate our proposed measures and learn a unified relatedness function, we construct a large test collection based on a four-month commercial news corpus with editorial judgments. The experimental results show that the proposed heuristics can indeed capture relatedness, and that the learned unified relatedness function works quite effectively.
Improved Writing-Conductor Designs For Magnetic Memory (1994)

Writing currents reduced to practical levels. Improved conceptual designs for writing conductors in micromagnet/Hall-effect random-access integrated-circuit memory reduces electrical current needed to magnetize micromagnet in each memory cell. Basic concept of micromagnet/Hall-effect random-access memory presented in Magnetic Analog Random-Access Memory (NPO-17999).
Integrated EMI filter design with flexible PCB structure (2008)

A novel integrated EMI filter structure is proposed in this paper, based on the flexible PCB integrated L-C winding. By employing this integrated L-C structure, CM inductors, DM inductors and CM capacitors are integrated in a single unit. By compare with the planar PCB winding that used in previously proposed method for integrated EMI filters, we found that flexible PCB winding need less length, which means less loss and room. A prototype was built, and measurement result presented.
A Soft-Limiting Receiver Structure for Time-Hopping UWB in Multiple Access Interference (2006)

A novel receiver structure is proposed for detecting a time-hopping ultra-wide bandwidth signal in the presence of multiple access interference. The proposed structure achieves better bit error rate performance than the conventional matched receiver when operating in multiple access interference. When operating in a multiple access interference-plus-Gaussian-noise environment, the receiver structure outperforms the conventional matched filter receiver for moderate to large values of signal-to-noise ratio
Adaptive indexing for relational keys (2010)

Adaptive indexing schemes such as database cracking and adaptive merging have been investigated to-date only in the context of range queries. These are typical for non-key columns in relational databases. For complete self-managing indexing, adaptive indexing must also apply to key columns. The present paper proposes a design and offers a first performance evaluation in the context of keys. Adaptive merging for keys also enables further improvements in B-tree indexes. First, partitions can be matched to levels in the memory hierarchy such as a CPU cache and an in-memory buffer pool. Second, adaptive merging in merged B-trees enables automatic master-detail clustering.
Identification of high‐grade cervical dysplasia by the detection of p16<sup>INK4a</sup> in cell lysates obtained from cervical samples (2006)

The data obtained in this study suggested that ELISA-based quantification of solubilized p16(INK4a) protein may have high sensitivity for detecting cervical precancer. Further population-based studies will be necessary to analyze the specificity and predictive values of p16(INK4a) protein quantification in cervical samples.
Distributed Temperature Sensors (1983)

The capabilities and technologies of a number of spatially distributed over-temperature sensors are reviewed. A new conductive polymeric sensor is described in which capacitance measurements indicate the presence and location of hot spots. Physical characteristics, operating principles, and test results are discussed. In addition to over-temperature sensors, two additional distributed temperature sensors are described which either 1) read out the actual hot spot temperature or 2) sense and locate both hot and cold spots in a single cable.
Ion implantation of Si in Be-implanted In0.53Ga0.47As (1982)

Ion implantation of Si has been used to create n+ layers in Be-implanted InGaAs epilayers. A peak electron concentration of 7×1018 cm−3, a sheet resistance of 28 Ω per square, and an average electron mobility of 3000 cm2/Vs are measured in layers implanted with doses of 5.6×1013 cm−2 and 14×1013 cm−2 at 100 and 250 keV, respectively, and proximity cap annealed at 670°C for 15 min. Activation efficiencies of 86 and 38% are found for the low and high energy implants, respectively.
Magnetic properties of amorphous Fe-Cr-Si-B alloys (1981)

Substitution of Fe with Cr in amorphous (Fe 1-x Cr x ) z (Si 0.3 B 0.7 ) 100-z ( x=0\sim0.10, z=75\sim83 ) alloys was investigated. Cr decreases Curie temperature quite greatly, but it also slightly increases crystallization temperature. Cr improves soft magnetic properties, namely, it decreases coercive force and magnetic core loss, and increases initial magnetic permeability. An amorphous alloy, with (Fe 0.925 Cr 0.075 ) 83 Si 5 B 12 composition, is obtained which has superior soft magnetic properties comparable to Permalloy or Ferrites: coercive force 0.024Oe, initial permeability at 1 kHz 12,000 and magnetic core loss at f = 20 kHz and B= 3 kG 140 mW/cm3. The above magnetic properties can be achieved by annealing at 400°C for 15 minutes without magnetic field.
Corrosion-resistant ceramic thermal barrier coating (1980)

Two-layer thermal barrier coating, consisting of metal-CrA1Y bond coating and calcium silicate ceramic outer layer, greatly improves resistance of turbine parts to hot corrosion from fuel and air impurities. Both layers can be plasma sprayed, and ceramic layer may be polished to reduce frictional losses. Ceramic provides thermal barrier, so parts operate cooler metal temperatures, coolant flow can be reduced, or gas temperatures increased. Lower grade fuels also can be used.
Bcl-B, a Novel Bcl-2 Family Member That Differentially Binds and Regulates Bax and Bak (2001)

A novel human member of the Bcl-2 family was identified, Bcl-B, which is closest in amino acid sequence homology to the Boo (Diva) protein. The Bcl-B protein contains four Bcl-2 homology (BH) domains (BH1, BH2, BH3, BH4) and a predicted carboxyl-terminal transmembrane (TM) domain. The BCL-B mRNA is widely expressed in adult human tissues. The Bcl-B protein binds Bcl-2, Bcl-X(L), and Bax but not Bak. In transient transfection assays, Bcl-B suppresses apoptosis induced by Bax but not Bak. Deletion of the TM domain of Bcl-B impairs its association with intracellular organelles and diminishes its anti-apoptotic function. Bcl-B thus displays a unique pattern of selectivity for binding and regulating the function of other members of the Bcl-2 family.
Improved Industrial Syntheses of Penciclovir and Famciclovir Using N2-Acetyl-7-Benzylguanine and a Cyclic Side Chain Precursor (2006)

We have established practical synthetic methods for penciclovir (PCV, 1) and famciclovir (FCV, 2) from N2-acetyl-7-benzylguanine (NAc7BnG, 3) and 6,6-dimethyl-5, 7-dioxaspiro[2.5]octane-4,8-dione (4)--the latter being a more easily prepared cyclic precursor of the diacetate side chain (5) used in the conventional process. The coupling of 4 with 3 proceeded regioselectively at the N9 position of guanine in good yield. The coupling product was then successfully transformed into the known antiviral agents in a short number of steps.
Computational-Fluid-Dynamics Investigation of Aeromechanics (2002)

A computational-fluid-dynamics (CFD) tool was developed and applied to a variety of aeromechanics problems, including both forced response and flutter. This three-dimensional nonlinear, viscous, time-accurate code, in conjunction with a large parallel network, is used to demonstrate the mature capability of CFD-based tools for aeromechanical analyses. Examples of multistage blade-row interaction analyses are presented and compared against detailed experimental data highlighting the fidelity of current CFD tools. Flutter analyses of isolated blade rows are also compared to data and used to demonstrate several classical aeromechanical concepts such as influence coefficients, the destabilizing effect of neighboring blades in cascade flutter, the depiction of an aerodynamic damping map, and the flutter benefit of frequency mistuning. These two capabilities, multistage and flutter, are then combined to examine the effect of multistage interaction on the flutter problem. Finally, the reasons for extending the above modeling to include full-aeroelastic capability are discussed, and an example is presented.
Initiated Chemical Vapor Deposition‐Based Method for Patterning Polymer and Metal Microstructures on Curved Substrates (2012)

A simple, efficient, and scalable method for patterning microstructures on curved substrates is demonstrated. Initiated chemical vapor deposition is used to synthesize a thin film that crosslinks upon UV exposure. Polymeric features are defined on glass rods with high curvature and used as masks for metal patterning. Additionally, vapor-deposited polymer layers are selectively patterned to produce bifunctional surfaces.
Proton Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) MRS and MRI (2016)

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) of biological systems has higher specificity than MRI because resonances of multiple metabolites can be distinguished, reflecting chemistry and physiology in situ. Unfortunately, this approach has very low sensitivity as the metabolites are typically at millimolar concentrations compared to the molar signal strength of water-based MRI. As a consequence, even though 1H MRS is a powerful and common research tool, its inroad into daily clinical practice has been limited. Until very recently, 1H MRS applications have focused on the resonances upfield (i.e., at lower frequency) of the water resonance. This article deals with protons that are generally not observed in a typical water-suppressed spectrum, namely, the exchangeable protons found predominantly downfield from water. These can usually be detected by MRS only if the transfer of water proton saturation (established during water suppression) is not a confounding factor, or by using water exchange (WEX) spectroscopy, in which RF labeling of the water protons is transferred to the exchangeable protons and subsequently detected. More importantly, it has recently become clear that the presence of such exchangeable protons on low concentration solute molecules can be detected via the water signal by RF labeling of these protons and subsequent transfer of this label to water protons. This process, leading to saturation of the water signal and enhancement of the effect through repeated exchange, can be used for the imaging of metabolite signals or exchangeable-proton-based contrast agents with enhanced sensitivity. This has given rise to the field of chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI, which has greatly increased the potential for translating spectroscopic methods to the clinic. Examples include the measurement of pH, temperature, and enzyme activity as well as detection of cellular metabolites, ions, and proteins and peptides. In addition, bio-organic compounds can now be used for contrast agents, cell and nanoparticle labeling, and reporter genes.
40.1: <i>Invited Paper</i> : Dyed Polymeric Microparticles for Colour Rendering in Electrophoretic Displays (2010)

Abstract Realising bright and vivid full colour performance in electrophoretic displays presents a significant challenge to display architects and material designers. A range of dyed polymeric microparticles with tunable size, charge and colour have been developed. When formulated as colloidal dispersions in low dielectric constant media, the particles are electrophoretically active and are suitable for use in full colour or monochrome electrophoretic displays.
High Tc SQUID Detector for Magnetic Metallic Particles in Products (2009)

High-Tc superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) is an ultra-sensitive magnetic sensor. After the discovery of the high-Tc superconducting materials, the performance of the high-Tc SQUID has been improved and stabilized. One strong candidate for application is a detection system of magnetic foreign matters in industrial products. There is a possibility that ultra-small metallic foreign matter has been accidentally mixed with industrial products such as lithium ion batteries. If this happens, the manufacturer of the product suffers a great loss recalling products. The outer dimension of metallic particles less than 100 micron cannot be detected using X-ray imaging, which is commonly used for the inspection. Therefore a highly sensitive system for small foreign matters is required. We developed detection systems based on high-Tc SQUID for industrial products. We could successfully detect small iron particles of less than 50 micron on a belt conveyer. These detection levels were hard to be achieved using conventional X-ray detection or other methods.
Vitronectin binds to the head region of <i>Moraxella catarrhalis</i> ubiquitous surface protein A2 and confers complement‐inhibitory activity (2010)

The serum resistance of the common respiratory pathogen Moraxella catarrhalis is mainly dependent on ubiquitous surface proteins (Usp) A1 and A2 that interact with complement factor 3 (C3) and complement inhibitor C4b binding protein (C4BP) preventing the alternative and classical pathways of the complement system respectively. UspA2 also has the capacity to attract vitronectin that in turn binds C9 and hereby inhibits membrane attack complex (MAC) formation. We found UspA2 as a major vitronectin binding protein and hence the UspA2/vitronectin interaction was studied in detail. The affinity constant (K(D)) for vitronectin binding to UspA2 was 2.3 x 10(-8) M, and the N-terminal region encompassing residues UspA2 30-170 bound vitronectin with a K(D) of 7.9 x 10(-8) M. Electron microscopy verified that the active binding domain (UspA2(30-177)) was located at the head region of UspA2. Experiments with recombinantly expressed vitronectin also revealed that UspA2(30-177) bound to the C-terminal region of vitronectin residues 312-396. Finally, when human serum was pre-incubated with UspA2, bacteria showed significantly less serum resistance. Our study directly reveals the binding mode between the N-terminal domain of UspA2 and the C-terminal part of vitronectin and thus sheds light upon the mechanism of M. catarrhalis-dependent serum resistance.
Self-Healing Functionality in the Protection of Off-Shore Oil and Gas Assets (2019)

Abstract In a 2016 NACE report, the global cost of corrosion was estimated to be about US$ 2.5 trillion, which amounts to about 3.4% of global Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Industries such as oil and gas that maintain a disproportionate amount of their assets in extremely corrosive environments bear a disproportionate amount of these costs. Add to these costs the environmental and individual safety consequences of material failure due to corrosion and the case for investing in new technologies geared towards improving corrosion protection can hardly be overstated. In this paper, we report on novel additives which leverage the incorporation of microencapsulated healing agents into coating systems with a view towards lengthening their service lives and that of their underlying substrates while minimizing the opportunity cost of downtime associated with maintenance. These self-healing additives have been evaluated in a broad range of coating systems selected to provide the asset owner/operator with a range of options aimed at delivering improved readiness and cost savings across the oil and gas value chain. Here, we provide an overview of evaluations performed in in a range of coating chemistries. For all the data reported, the efficacy of the self-healing additives was evaluated by incorporation into a coating system and comparing relative to the equivalent commercially available coating. For all the comparisons, the control and the self-healing versions of the coating were damaged by scribing followed by equilibration at room temperature for a minimum of 24 h prior to accelerated corrosion testing. A summary of the performance improvements observed upon incorporation of the self-healing additive into coating formulations is provided in Figure 1.