gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Topical rapamycin inhibits tuberous sclerosis tumor growth in a nude mouse model (2008)

Topical rapamycin inhibits TSC-related tumor growth. These findings could lead to a novel treatment approach for facial angiofibromas and other TSC skin lesions.
Extended dosing with CC‐486 (oral azacitidine) in patients with myeloid malignancies (2018)

CC-486 (oral azacitidine) is an epigenetic modifier in clinical development for treatment of hematological cancers. This study of extended CC-486 dosing included patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs), chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). After a pharmacokinetic assessment period, 31 patients (MDS n = 18, CMML n = 4, and AML n = 9) entered a clinical phase in which they received CC-486 300 mg once-daily for 21 days of repeated 28-day cycles. Median age was 71 years (range: 53-93); 42% of patients were aged ≥75 years. A total of 5 patients with AML (63%) had prior MDS. Median number of CC-486 treatment cycles was 4 (range: 1-32). The most common treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were gastrointestinal (84% of patients) and hematologic (81%). Most common grade 3-4 TEAEs were neutropenia (n = 13, 42%) and anemia (n = 9, 29%). Ten patients experienced grade 4 neutropenia. Infrequently, CC-486 dose was interrupted or reduced due to gastrointestinal (n = 5, 16%) or hematologic (n = 6, 19%) TEAEs. Overall response rate (complete remission [CR], CR with incomplete hematological recovery [CRi], partial remission [PR], marrow CR) in the MDS/CMML subgroups was 32% and in the AML subgroup (CR/CRi/PR) was 22%. Red blood cell transfusion independence rates in the MDS/CMML and AML subgroups were 33% and 25%, respectively, and 2 MDS/CMML patients attained hematologic improvement as a best response on-study. No baseline gene mutation was predictive of response/nonresponse. CC-486 allows flexible dosing and schedules to improve tolerability or response. Neutropenia in early treatment cycles deserves scrutiny and may warrant initiation of prophylactic antibiotics. KEY POINTS: The safety profile of oral CC-486 was comparable to that of injectable azacitidine; most adverse events were hematological and gastrointestinal. Extended (21-day/cycle) CC-486 dosing induced responses in patients with hematological malignancies, many of whom had prior DNMTi failure.
Interaction of saponin of Bupleuri radix with Ginseng saponin: Solubilization of saikosaponin-a with chikusetsusaponin V(=ginsenoside-Ro). (1985)

The possible presence of a solubilizing substance for saikosaponin-a, which is sparingly soluble in water, was investigated in Ginseng which is sometimes co-prescribed in decoctions of oriental traditional medicines. It was found that the water solubility of saikosaponin-a was not influenced in the presence of dammarane saponins but was remarkably increased in the presence of chikusetsusaponin V (=ginsenoside-Ro), a bisdesmoside of oleanolic acid. The solubilizing activity of chikusetsusaponin V was estimated by determining the surface tension of aqueous solutions. No influence of chikusetsusaponin V on the hemolytic activity of saikosaponin-a was observed.
Origin of Drift in PR Thermocouple after Long-time Creep Testing (1989)

The drift (or decrease) of electromotive force (EMF) in the calibration of PR thermocouples used for long-time creep testing at various temperatures up to 100 000h in air is investigated. The magnitude of resistivity, ρ, which is considered to be one of indices to the inhomogeneity of thermocouples, and its distribution from the measuring junction are measured. The change in p together with the results of X-ray diffraction and spectroscopic analysis indicate that the inhomogeneity is very small in Pt but considerable in Pt-12.8%Rh limbs. The oxides found on the surface of thermocouples with notable drifts are the mixture of Rh2O3 types. The effect of drift on the measured temperature is rather small if the ratio of immersion depth is less than unity (when it is more than unity, the scatter in the drift among thermocouples after virtually same times is pronounced). For the thermocouples used 30 000 to 50 000h at 1 000°C the drift is also responsible to the evaporation of Pt and Rh elements. For the thermocouples with the immersion depth of 250 mm, the annealing treatment is effective to recover the drift provided that the test temperature is below 500°C ; above 500°C it is recommended to cut off a part of thermocouple limbs up to 100 mm from the measuring junction in order to get the complete recovery of EMF.
Modeling of chemical-mechanical polishing: a review (1995)

This paper gives a survey of the status of today's modeling of chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP). Most existing models describe specific aspects of CMP, such as the flow of the slurry or the bending of the polishing pad. However, as yet no model describes the entire available process. This paper critically reviews existing models with respect to generality, in particular, the different assumptions of the models are investigated. Furthermore, the models are compared and the controversial treatment of physical effects is discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Single-modal and multi-modal false arrhythmia alarm reduction using attention-based convolutional and recurrent neural networks (2020)

This study proposes a deep learning model that effectively suppresses the false alarms in the intensive care units (ICUs) without ignoring the true alarms using single- and multi- modal biosignals. Most of the current work in the literature are either rule-based methods, requiring prior knowledge of arrhythmia analysis to build rules, or classical machine learning approaches, depending on hand-engineered features. In this work, we apply convolutional neural networks to automatically extract time-invariant features, an attention mechanism to put more emphasis on the important regions of the segmented input signal(s) that are more likely to contribute to an alarm, and long short-term memory units to capture the temporal information presented in the signal segments. We trained our method efficiently using a two-step training algorithm (i.e., pre-training and fine-tuning the proposed network) on the dataset provided by the PhysioNet computing in cardiology challenge 2015. The evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed method obtains better results compared to other existing algorithms for the false alarm reduction task in ICUs. The proposed method achieves a sensitivity of 93.88% and a specificity of 92.05% for the alarm classification, considering three different signals. In addition, our experiments for 5 separate alarm types leads significant results, where we just consider a single-lead ECG (e.g., a sensitivity of 90.71%, a specificity of 88.30%, an AUC of 89.51 for alarm type of Ventricular Tachycardia arrhythmia).
DLR's multisensory articulated hand. I. Hard- and software architecture (2002)

The main features of DLR's dextrous robot hand as a modular component of a complete robotics system are outlined in this paper. The application of robotics systems in unstructured servicing environments requires dextrous manipulation abilities and facilities to perform complex remote operations in a very flexible way. Therefore we have developed a multisensory articulated four finger hand, where all actuators are integrated in the hand's palm or the fingers directly. It is an integrated part of a complex light-weight manipulation system aiming at the development of robonauts for space. After a brief description of the hand and it's sensorial equipment the hard- and software architecture is outlined with particular emphasis on flexibility and performance issues. The hand is typically controlled through a data glove for telemanipulation and skill-transfer purposes. Autonomous grasping and manipulation capabilities are currently under development.
The <i>DWF4</i> Gene of Arabidopsis Encodes a Cytochrome P450 That Mediates Multiple 22α-Hydroxylation Steps in Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis (1998)

dwarf4 (dwf4) mutants of Arabidopsis display a dwarfed phenotype due to a lack of cell elongation. Dwarfism could be rescued by the application of brassinolide, suggesting that DWF4 plays a role in brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis. The DWF4 locus is defined by four mutant alleles. One of these is the result of a T-DNA insertion. Plant DNA flanking the insertion site was cloned and used as a probe to isolate the entire DWF4 gene. Sequence analysis revealed that DWF4 encodes a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase with 43% identity to the putative Arabidopsis steroid hydroxylating enzyme CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS AND DWARFISM. Sequence analysis of two other mutant alleles revealed deletions or a premature stop codon, confirming that DWF4 had been cloned. This sequence similarity suggests that DWF4 functions in specific hydroxylation steps during BR biosynthesis. In fact, feeding studies utilizing BR intermediates showed that only 22alpha-hydroxylated BRs rescued the dwf4 phenotype, confirming that DWF4 acts as a 22alpha-hydroxylase.
Soft-magnetic Mg-Zn ferrite ceramics comparable in performance to 600NN Ni-Zn ferrite: Fabrication by radiation-enhanced thermal sintering (2014)

Mg-Zn ferrites comparable in performance to 600NN Ni-Zn ferrite have been produced by radiation-enhanced thermal sintering. We have studied the effect of their basic composition and doping on their electromagnetic properties. The results demonstrate that doping with bismuth oxide as a low-melting-point material allows one to activate sintering processes, thereby improving the performance of the material. The addition of surfactants is shown to be effective in raising the density of green compacts for the preparation of the ferrites.
Auditory toxicity effects of long‐term cis‐dichlorodiammineplatinum II therapy in genitourinary cancer patients (1981)

To determine the auditory toxicity effects of long-term cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum II therapy, pure tone hearing thresholds were measured prior to therapy and repeated before each subsequent treatment. CDDP was given by a slow intravenous drip method at a low dose of 1 mg/kg body weight, with 37.5 gm mannitol, once a week for six treatments and every 3 weeks thereafter. From a group of 173 genitourinary cancer patients treated, 50 male patients were selected who received at least 12 months of CDDP with no active conductive ear pathology, and whose audiograms obtained at baseline, 6th weeks, 26th weeks, and 52nd weeks of treatment were all available for comparison. Pure tone threshold levels deteriorated across time particularly by the 52nd week and at the higher frequencies. Threshold differences across time were statistically significant and within a linear trend. Of the 50 cases, 30% showed suspect or no ototoxicity, 26% mild, 32% moderate, 2% marked, and 4% showed severe ototoxic changes. Of the two cases who developed severe ototoxicity, one showed complete recovery. There was partial recovery in 26% and no recovery in 54%. Individual variability in susceptibility to and recovery from ototoxicity necessitates systematic audiometric monitoring throughout the therapy.
Nature's Subsidies to Shrimp and Salmon Farming (1998)

Although many fisheries stocks have declined precipitously throughout the world, fish farming--and especially shrimp and salmon farming--has boomed. The increasingly large scale of these enterprises is now having unforeseen ecological consequences on ocean resources through habitat destruction, effluent discharge, exotic species introductions, and heightened fish catch for feed use. Ending unsustainable production practices will require reorienting regulatory policies and fiscal incentives in shrimp- and salmon-producing counties, and enhancing restrictions on environmentally unsound practices.
Towards Autonomous Control of Drilling Rigs (2009)

Drilling for petroleum resources in remote and harsh environments requires new technology and operational methods. Recent innovation demonstrates feasibility of having future drilling rigs placed directly on the seabed. In this vision, the drilling rigs are controlled remotely from either an onshore control centre or an offshore supply vessel. Autonomous decision making and advanced control are likely to play a significant role in the realisation of this vision. Powerful methods and constructs brought by the multi-agent paradigm can ease the design and development of such systems. In this thesis we give an introduction to this type of technology, the drilling domain and outline one approach to autonomous control system for drilling rigs. Feasible aspects of this first attempt to address autonomous control of drilling rigs are demonstrated through an experiment conducted in a laboratory setting.
KEPEMIMPINAN SPIRITUAL SOLUSI MENGATASI KRISIS KEPEMIMPINAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM (2012)

Keberadaan lembaga pendidikan Islam saat ini masih memprihatinkan. Hal ini terbukti bahwa sebagian besar mutunya belum menggembirakan karena masih di bawah standar. Kondisi seperti ini disebabkan oleh keberadaan kepemimpinan yang masih belum efektif dalam mengelola sekolah, madrasah maupun perguruan tinggi. Untuk memecahkan permasalahan tersebut dan sekaligus dalam rangka melakukan pembaharuan pendidikan Islam menjadi sekolah yang baik maka diperlukan kepemimpinan yang kuat (strong leadership).Â Kepemimpinan yang kuat adalah kepemimpinan yang visioner, mampu membangun budaya dan proses orgasisasi yang efektif dan iklim pembelajaran yang kondusif. Model kepemimpinan yang dimaksud tentu bukan model kepemimpinan yang biasa, melainkan kepemimpinan yang luar biasa. Model kepemimpinan yang diharapkan ini tak lain adalah kepemimpinan spiritual (spiritual leadership) yang mampu menciptakan pencerahan dalam dunia pendidikan
Gypsum nucleation into sodium chloride solutions (2001)

Abstract The nucleation of gypsum into a NaCl solution was studied within a supersaturation range of 2–4 at 25–70°C. The experiments were carried out using a lab‐scale apparatus consisting of a batch crystallizer with the related measurement devices. Signals of scattered and transmitted light coming from a He–Ne laser source were analyzed to measure the induction period, that is, the time delay necessary for homogeneous nucleation to take place. Comparison of the experimental results with those previously obtained in the absence of added NaCl in solution showed that NaCl strongly affects gypsum precipitation. They were compared in terms of the activation energy and the interfacial tension between crystals and the surrounding aqueous solution.
Antiviral agents targeted to interact with viral capsid proteins and a possible application to human immunodeficiency virus. (1988)

The tertiary structure of most icosahedral viral capsid proteins consists of an eight-stranded antiparallel beta-barrel with a hydrophobic interior. In a group of picornaviruses, this hydrophobic pocket can be filled by suitable organic molecules, which thereby stop viral uncoating after attachment and penetration into the host cell. The antiviral activity of these agents is probably due to increased rigidity of the capsid protein, which inhibits disassembly. The hydrophobic pocket may be an essential functional component of the protein and, therefore, may have been conserved in the evolution of many viruses from a common precursor. Since eight-stranded anti-parallel beta-barrels, with a topology as in viral capsid proteins, are not generally found for other proteins involved in cell metabolism, this class of antiviral agents is likely to be more virus-specific and less cytotoxic. Furthermore, the greatest conservation of viral capsid proteins occurs within this pocket, whereas the least conserved part is the antigenic exterior. Thus, compounds that bind to such a pocket are likely to be effective against a broader group of serologically distinct viruses. Discovery of antiviral agents of this type will, therefore, depend on designing compounds that can enter and fit snugly into the hydrophobic pocket of a particular viral capsid protein. The major capsid protein, p24, of human immunodeficiency virus would be a likely suitable target.
Some Critical Issues for Injection Molding (2012)

This book is composed of different chapters which are related to the subject of injection molding and written by leading international academic experts in the field. It contains introduction on polymer PVT measurements and two main application areas of polymer PVT data in injection molding, optimization for injection molding process, Powder Injection Molding which comprises Ceramic Injection Molding and Metal Injection Molding, ans some special techniques or applications in injection molding. It provides some clear presentation of injection molding process and equipment to direct people in plastics manufacturing to solve problems and avoid costly errors. With useful, fundamental information for knowing and optimizing the injection molding operation, the readers could gain some working knowledge of the injection molding.
Video Encoding Acceleration in Cloud Gaming (2015)

Cloud computing provides reliable, affordable, and flexible resources for many applications and users with constrained computing resources and capabilities. The cloud computing concept is becoming an appealing paradigm for many industries including the gaming industry, leading to the introduction of cloud gaming architectures. Despite its advantages, cloud gaming suffers from unguaranteed end-to-end delay as well as server side's computational complexity. In this paper, a novel algorithm for reducing the computational complexity and hence speeding up the video encoding speed is proposed. Specifically, by performing minimum modifications in the game engine and the video codec, some information from the game engine is fed into the video encoder to bypass the motion estimation (ME) process. Our results show that the proposed method achieves up to 39% speedup in the ME process, leading to a 24% acceleration in the total encoding process.
MigVisor (2017)

Live migration of a virtual machine (VM) is a powerful technique with benefits of server maintenance, resource management, dynamic workload re-balance, etc. Modern research has effectively reduced the VM live migration (VMLM) time to dozens of milliseconds, but live migration still exhibits failures if it cannot terminate within the given time constraint. The ability to predict this type of failure can avoid wasting networking and computing resources on the VM migration, and the associated system performance degradation caused by wasting these resources. The cost of VM live migration highly depends on the application workload of the VM, which may undergo frequent changes. At the same time, the available system resources for VM migration can also change substantially and frequently. To account for these issues, we present a solution called MigVisor, which can accurately predict the behaviour of VM migration using working-set model. This can enable system managers to predict the migration cost and enhance the system management efficacy. The experimental results prove the design suitability and show that the MigVisor has a high prediction accuracy since the average relative error between the predicted value and the measured value is only 6.2%~9%.
Discrete-Continuous Depth Estimation from a Single Image (2014)

In this paper, we tackle the problem of estimating the depth of a scene from a single image. This is a challenging task, since a single image on its own does not provide any depth cue. To address this, we exploit the availability of a pool of images for which the depth is known. More specifically, we formulate monocular depth estimation as a discrete-continuous optimization problem, where the continuous variables encode the depth of the superpixels in the input image, and the discrete ones represent relationships between neighboring superpixels. The solution to this discrete-continuous optimization problem is then obtained by performing inference in a graphical model using particle belief propagation. The unary potentials in this graphical model are computed by making use of the images with known depth. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our model in both the indoor and outdoor scenarios. Our experimental evaluation shows that our depth estimates are more accurate than existing methods on standard datasets.
Two different dihydroorotate dehydrogenases in Lactococcus lactis (1994)

The pyrimidine de novo biosynthesis pathway has been characterized for a number of organisms. The general pathway consists of six enzymatic steps. In the characterization of the pyrimidine pathway of Lactococcus lactis, two different pyrD genes encoding dihydroorotate dehydrogenase were isolated. The nucleotide sequences of the two genes, pyrDa and pyrDb, have been determined. One of the deduced amino acid sequences has a high degree of homology to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, and the other resembles the dihydroorotate dehydrogenase from Bacillus subtilis. It is possible to distinguish between the two enzymes in crude extracts by using different electron acceptors. We constructed mutants containing a mutated form of either one or the other or both of the pyrD genes. Only the double mutant is pyrimidine auxotrophic.
Cholinergic and adrenergic neural control of smooth muscle function in the non‐pregnant rat uterine cervix (1985)

The isolated circular smooth muscle of the uterine cervix from spayed rats was investigated in vitro. One group of animals was treated with oestrogen. Preparations from these rats showed no spontaneous contractile activity, but responded with contractions to electrical field stimulation. The contractions were blocked by approximately 85% with atropine, scopolamine and tetrodotoxin, but were unaffected by the adrenergic antagonists propranolol, phenoxybenzamine, and yohimbine. This neurogenic effect was potentiated by neostigmine. Noradrenaline inhibited the nerve-induced contractions and also lowered resting tension in a concentration-dependent way. The latter effect of noradrenaline was inhibited by propranolol. The indirect effects of noradrenaline on the electrically induced contractions were also inhibited by propranolol, but potentiated with phenoxybenzamine and, to a less extent, yohimbine. Nerve-induced relaxation was never observed. Acetylcholine contracted the smooth muscle by an effect that was counteracted by atropine. A second group of spayed rats was not given any steroid treatment. The cervix preparations from these animals showed spontaneous activity, which was uninfluenced by atropine, propranolol, phenoxybenzamine, yohimbine, and tetrodotoxin. Noradrenaline inhibited the spontaneous activity. This noradrenergic effect was counteracted by propranolol and potentiated by phenobenzamine. Acetylcholine increased the smooth-muscle tone by an atropine-sensitive action. The results suggest the presence of a cholinergic motor innervation on the non-pregnant rat uterine cervix. The cervix also receives an adrenergic innervation, which may act both post-junctionally (lowering resting tension and inhibiting spontaneous activity) and prejunctionally (modulating the cholinergic nerves) via beta-adrenergic as well as alpha-adrenergic receptors.