gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular Cloning and Sequencing of a Novel Invertebrate Intestinal Mucin cDNA (1997)

The first invertebrate intestinal mucin, termed insect intestinal mucin (IIM), was recently identified from Trichoplusia ni larvae (Wang, P., and Granados, R. R. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , in press). We report the cDNA cloning and sequencing of IIM, which is only the second completely sequenced intestinal mucin after human intestinal mucin, MUC2. To clone and sequence the cDNA for IIM, a T. ni larval midgut cDNA expression library was constructed and screened with an anti-IIM antiserum. Two full-length cDNA clones for IIM were identified and sequenced. The deduced proteins from the two cDNA clones contained 807 and 788 amino acid residues, respectively. The structural organization of IIM is similar to that of MUC2, containing a 25-amino acid signal leading sequence and two threonine/proline/alanine-rich tandem repeat domains flanked by cysteine-rich sequences. One tandem repeat domain contained two repeating units, TTTQAP and AATTP, and the other contained one repeating unit, TAAP. The cysteine-rich regions showed potential chitin binding features. By immunolocalization in tissue sections, it was determined that IIM is expressed in midgut tissues. The IIM mRNA is abundant in the midgut tissue, and Northern blot analysis indicated that IIM transcripts were not polydispersed as is found in mammalian mucin transcription.
Limitations of measurement-based system functions in magnetic particle imaging (2010)

Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a new tomographic imaging technique capable of determining the spatial distribution of superparamagnetic iron oxide particles at high temporal and spatial resolution. Reconstruction of the particle distribution requires the system function to be known. In almost all other tomographic imaging techniques, a basic mathematical model of the system function exists, so that for reconstruction of an image, only measured data from the object under examination have to be provided. Due to the complex behavior of the particle dynamics, this is more complicated in MPI. Therefore, to date, the system function is measured in a tedious calibration procedure. To this end, a small delta sample is moved to each position inside the measuring field, while the magnetization response is acquired consecutively. However, although this measurement-based approach provides a good estimate of the system function, it has several drawbacks. Most important, the measured system function contains noise, which limits the size of the delta sample and in turn the resolution of the sampling grid. In this work, the noise induced limitations of the measurement-based system function are investigated in a simulation study. More precisely, the influence of the system function noise and the size of the delta sample on the resulting image quality after reconstruction are analyzed.
Regression Model-Based Walking Speed Estimation Using Wrist-Worn Inertial Sensor (2016)

Walking speed is widely used to study human health status. Wearable inertial measurement units (IMU) are promising tools for the ambulatory measurement of walking speed. Among wearable inertial sensors, the ones worn on the wrist, such as a watch or band, have relatively higher potential to be easily incorporated into daily lifestyle. Using the arm swing motion in walking, this paper proposes a regression model-based method for longitudinal walking speed estimation using a wrist-worn IMU. A novel kinematic variable is proposed, which finds the wrist acceleration in the principal axis (i.e. the direction of the arm swing). This variable (called pca-acc) is obtained by applying sensor fusion on IMU data to find the orientation followed by the use of principal component analysis. An experimental evaluation was performed on 15 healthy young subjects during free walking trials. The experimental results show that the use of the proposed pca-acc variable can significantly improve the walking speed estimation accuracy when compared to the use of raw acceleration information (p<0.01). When Gaussian process regression is used, the resulting walking speed estimation accuracy and precision is about 5.9% and 4.7%, respectively.
Measurement of Finger Posture and Three-Axis Fingertip Touch Force Using Fingernail Sensors (2004)

When the human fingertip is pressed against a surface or bent, the hemodynamic state of the fingertip is altered due to mechanical interactions between the fingernail and bone. Normal force, shear force, and finger extension/flexion all result in different patterns of blood volume beneath the fingernail. This phenomenon has been exploited in order to detect finger forces and finger posture by creating a photoplethysmograph "fingernail sensor," which measures the two-dimensional pattern of blood volume beneath the fingernail. In this paper, a filter is designed to predict the normal force, lateral shear force, longitudinal shear force, and bending angle based on readings from the fingernail sensor. Linear, polynomial, and neural network models relating the bending angle and touch forces to optical sensor outputs are developed and tested. A method is developed to uniformly calibrate the predictor for each user. Calibration experiments are performed to train and validate the predictor for seven human subjects. Results show that on average, shear forces can be predicted with 0.5 N root mean square (rms) error, normal force with 1 N rms error, and posture angle with 10 degrees rms error. Applications and methods for improving performance are discussed.
Screen-Printable Contacts for Industrial <i>N</i>-TOPCon Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells (2022)

Optimally prepared industrial <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</i> -type bifacial tunnel oxide passivated contacts c-Si solar cells (156 × 156 mm) fabricated with cost effective screen-printable front-side (FS) and rear-side (RS) silver pastes had a median solar cell efficiency of 22.21% ± 0.10% and bifaciality efficiency factor of 82.9%. A FS paste comprising silver, metallic aluminum, and inorganic frit was designed to contact <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p<sup>+</sup></i> boron-diffused Si emitter surfaces with SiN <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> :H–Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> antireflection-passivation layers. A RS paste comprising silver and inorganic frit was designed to contact <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n<sup>+</sup></i> phosphorous-doped surfaces with tunnel-SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> / <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n<sup>+</sup></i> poly-Si/SiN <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> :H layers. The bifacial electrical data indicates efficiency is being limited by the FS contact. The final FS bulk silver metal region microstructure shows isolated metallic aluminum particles surrounded by solidified liquid phase within the bulk sintered silver conductor line. The FS silver metal- <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p<sup>+</sup></i> boron-diffused emitter contact region shows continuous interfacial (IF) films decorated with silver colloids located between the bulk silver metal and emitter surface. The final RS silver metal- <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n<sup>+</sup></i> phosphorus diffused contact region again shows continuous IF films between the bulk silver metal and semiconductor surface. A microstructural model suggests electrical contact for both the FS and RS contact regions occurs by a tunneling mechanism though the residual IF films.
Excretion of the penicillinase of an alkalophilic Bacillus sp. through the Escherichia coli outer membrane (1983)

Two plasmids containing the penicillinase gene of alkalophilic Bacillus sp. strain 170, pEAP1 and pEAP2, were constructed. Most of the penicillinase produced by Escherichia coli, which carried these plasmids, was found in the culture medium. This excretion is caused by the cloned DNA fragment which contains some component that changes the outer membrane of E. coli.
Process for the production of magnetic recording members (1983)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Ryuji Shirahata, Tatsuji Kitamoto, Yasuo Tamai, Masaaki Suzuki; Process for the production of magnetic recording members. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 May 1983; 73 (5): 1892. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.389295 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Innovative Concepts in Diver Thermal Protection (1997)

Abstract Passive methods of protecting a diver from cold exposures are constantly being sought as alternatives to active heating systems. All passive thermal protection techniques share one common advantage over their active heating counterparts; they have no requirement for energy storage or energy distribution. This advantage tends to make passive protection less complex and usually less expensive. Unfortunately in severe cold water, passive systems have customarily required divers to use thick, layered insulating garments worn beneath waterproof diving suits to reduce the loss of body heat to the surrounding cold water. These suits tend to be excessively bulky — inhibiting diver mobility; inherently buoyant — requiring 40–60 pounds of lead weights to make the diver neutrally buoyant; difficult to keep waterproof — an uncertainty that could fatally reduce the diver’s thermal protection during long duration missions; and only minimally effective in protecting the divers’ extremities. Even the best conventional drysuits have been found to be inadequate to meet the full requirements for long duration missions in near freezing waters. The objective of the research reported in this paper has been to provide the diving community with improvements in thermal protection for long duration, cold water missions. The unconventional approach proposed here, the use of liquids as an insulating medium for divers’ suits, shows promise as a means of significantly surpassing the performance, and acceptable durations, of conventional drysuits. Laboratory testing of conceptual insulating concepts are reported.
Double peak-induced distance error in short-time-Fourier-transform-Brillouin optical time domain reflectometers event detection and the recovery method (2015)

The measured distance error caused by double peaks in the BOTDRs (Brillouin optical time domain reflectometers) system is a kind of Brillouin scattering spectrum (BSS) deformation, discussed and simulated for the first time in the paper, to the best of the authors' knowledge. Double peak, as a kind of Brillouin spectrum deformation, is important in the enhancement of spatial resolution, measurement accuracy, and crack detection. Due to the variances of the peak powers of the BSS along the fiber, the measured starting point of a step-shape frequency transition region is shifted and results in distance errors. Zero-padded short-time-Fourier-transform (STFT) can restore the transition-induced double peaks in the asymmetric and deformed BSS, thus offering more accurate and quicker measurements than the conventional Lorentz-fitting method. The recovering method based on the double-peak detection and corresponding BSS deformation can be applied to calculate the real starting point, which can improve the distance accuracy of the STFT-based BOTDR system.
RNA aptamers directed to discrete functional sites on a single protein structural domain (2007)

Cellular regulatory networks are organized such that many proteins have few interactions, whereas a few proteins have many. These densely connected protein "hubs" are critical for the system-wide behavior of cells, and the capability of selectively perturbing a subset of interactions at these hubs is invaluable in deciphering and manipulating regulatory mechanisms. SELEX-generated RNA aptamers are proving to be highly effective reagents for inhibiting targeted proteins, but conventional methods generate one or several aptamer clones that usually bind to a single target site most preferred by a nucleic acid ligand. We advance a generalized scheme for isolating aptamers to multiple sites on a target molecule by reducing the ability of the preferred site to select its cognate aptamer. We demonstrate the use of this scheme by generating aptamers directed to discrete functional surfaces of the yeast TATA-binding protein (TBP). Previously we selected "class 1" RNA aptamers that interfere with the TBP's binding to TATA-DNA. By masking TBP with TATA-DNA or an unamplifiable class 1 aptamer, we isolated a new aptamer class, "class 2," that can bind a TBP.DNA complex and is in competition with binding another general transcription factor, TFIIA. Moreover, we show that both of these aptamers inhibit RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription, but analysis of template-bound factors shows they do so in mechanistically distinct and unexpected ways that can be attributed to binding either the DNA or TFIIA recognition sites. These results should spur innovative approaches to modulating other highly connected regulatory proteins.
Development of Multi-Layered and Graded Die Coatings for Materials Processing Applications (2006)

The paper will present the methodology used to design optimized die coatings employed in material forming processes in an effort to extend the life and effect efficient operation of the dies. An optimized die coating 'architecture' requires that the coating system be essentially non-wetting with the material (metal, glass, polymer) being formed in the die, coupled with good wear and oxidation resistance Other factors, such as delaying the onset of thermal fatigue cracking (heat checking), and an acceptably low coefficient of friction. And, possibly, self-lubricating, also need to be considered based on the processing and forming conditions that include both liquid and solid materials. Many different die coatings have and are being used with different levels of success. This paper presents the current understanding that has been gained in laboratory testing, in-plant trials, and modeling in an effort to generate a fundamental understanding of how such optimized die coating systems may be designed for specific forming operations and conditions, with examples based on dies used in aluminum pressure die casting, glass molding, and metal forming operations.
GPS Spoofing Detection via Dual-Receiver Correlation of Military Signals (2013)

Cross-correlation of unknown encrypted signals between two Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers is used for spoofing detection of publicly-known signals. This detection technique is one of the strongest known defenses against sophisticated spoofing attacks if the defended receiver has only one antenna. The attack strategy of concern overlays false GNSS radio-navigation signals on top of the true signals. The false signals increase in power, lift the receiver tracking loops off of the true signals, and drag the loops and the navigation solution to erroneous but consistent results. Hypothesis testing theory is used to develop a codeless cross-correlation detection method for use in inexpensive, narrowband civilian GNSS receivers. The detection method is instantiated by using the encrypted military Global Positioning System (GPS) P(Y) code on the L1 frequency in order to defend the publicly-known civilian GPS C/A code. Successful detection of spoofing attacks is demonstrated by off-line processing of recorded RF data from narrowband 2.5 MHz RF front-ends, which attenuate the wideband P(Y) code by 5.5 dB. The new technique can detect attacks using correlation intervals of 1.2 s or less.
Oligonucleotides Containing Acyclic Nucleoside Analogues with Carbamate Internucleoside Linkages (1995)

Abstract Synthesis of 2′-deoxy-2′,3′-secothymidine t and its dimer t∗t, where the two 2′-deoxy-2′,3′-secothymidine t units are connected via a carbamate, ∗=3′-NH-CO-O-5′, internucleoside linkage has been achieved. These building blocks were protected in the 5′-position, converted into their phosphoramidites, or attached onto CPG, and then used for “chimeric oligonucleotide” synthesis.
On the Sensitivity of All-Dielectric Microwave (2010)

We report on a theoretical study of an all-dielectric microwave photonic receiver based on the optical whispering gallery mode resonator technology. We show that dielectric near-field concentrators of microwave radiation utilized with an all-dielectric whispering gallery mode microwave photonic receiver front-end result in achieving sensitivity levels comparable to the sensitivity of conventional metal-containing electronic receivers. On the other hand, a dielectric resonator antenna that relies upon conventional diffraction-limited high-Q microwave modes does not provide the required sensitivity. We find fun- damental restrictions on the sensitivity of the receiver without specifying its design, and note that the receiver can be more generally considered as a photonic implementation of an electric (E-) field sensor with an electric field probe made of all-dielectric RF-transparent parts. The geometrical dimensions of the electric field probe can be much smaller than the wavelength of the measured electromagnetic field in the material. Our theoretical calculations show that the sensor allows detecting electric fields in a broad frequency range (100 Hz-20 GHz) with sensitivity exceeding 10 V/(Hz m).
Electroacoustic pulse source for high resolution seismic prospecting (1988)

First Page
X-ray-induced dissociation of H.sub.2O and formation of an O.sub.2-H.sub.2 alloy at high pressure (2011)

A novel molecular alloy of O.sub.2 and H.sub.2 and a method of producing such a molecular alloy are provided. When subjected to high pressure and extensive x-radiation, H.sub.2O molecules cleaved, forming O--O and H--H bonds. In the method of the present invention, the O and H framework in ice VII was converted into a molecular alloy of O.sub.2 and H.sub.2. X-ray diffraction, x-ray Raman scattering, and optical Raman spectroscopy demonstrate that this crystalline solid differs from previously known phases.
Characterization of Metallically Bonded Carbon Nanotube-Based Thermal Interface Materials Using a High Accuracy 1D Steady-State Technique (2011)

The next generation of Thermal Interface Materials (TIMs) are currently being developed to meet the increasing demands of high-powered semiconductor devices. In particular, a variety of nanostructured materials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), are interesting due to their ability to provide low resistance heat transport from device to spreader and compliance between materials with dissimilar coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs). As a result, nano-Thermal Interface Materials (nTIMs) have been conceived and studied in recent years, but few application-ready configurations have been produced and tested. Over the past year, we have undertaken major efforts to develop functional nTIMs based on short, vertically-aligned CNTs grown on both sides of a thin interposer foil and interfaced with substrate materials via metallic bonding. A high-precision 1-D steady-state test facility has been utilized to measure the performance of nTIM samples, and more importantly, to correlate performance to the controllable parameters. Nearly 200 samples have been tested utilizing myriad permutations of such parameters, contributing to a deeper understanding and optimization of CNT growth characteristics and application processing conditions. In addition, we have catalogued thermal resistance results from a variety of commercially-available, high-performance thermal pads and greases. In this paper, we describe our material structures and the parameters that have been investigated in their design. We report these nTIM thermal performance results, which include a best to-date thermal interface resistance measurement of 3.5 mm2-K/W, independent of applied pressure. This value is significantly better than all commercial materials we tested and compares favorably with the best results reported for CNT-based nTIMs in an application-representative setting.
Motion compensated prediction for inter‐frame coding systems (1981)

Abstract An interframe coding system is most promising when a high coding rate is required. However, it is disadvantageous in that the coding rate for the moving picture is not very high. To eliminate this disadvantage, it is effective to compensate for motion displacement. To do this, we propose a method whereby an image is segmented into many blocks. Each block which contains many motion‐displaced pixels compared with that of the previous frame, is selected. A motion vector is considered as a shift vector contained in correlated blocks which is detected by calculating the correlation between the preceding frame and the current frame for each block. A simple application of this idea to interframe coding requires a vast amount of calculation, and the realization of the above real‐time operation device is difficult. This problem is solved by using a system which modifies sequentially the detected motion displacement in the preceding field, and an experimental device for a motion compensated prediction system is built to test its performance. As a result of an experiment on an actual broadcasted moving image, it has been shown that the amount of the active picture elements of the proposed method has been reduced to about 50 ‐ 60% of that of the simple frame‐to‐frame prediction method, and the average log prediction error has been decreased to about 50%.
Isolation and structure of antibiotic U-68,204, a new thiolactone. (1986)

A new thiolactone-containing antibiotic U-68,204 was found to be produced by a soil actinomycete identified as Streptomyces thiolactonus UC 8478 (NRRL 15,439). The production, isolation, structure determination as well as the physical, spectroscopic and antibacterial properties of this C13H17NO3S compound are here reported. On the basis of these data, the antibiotic was identified as the 10-carboxamide of thiotetromycin.
Performance Analysis of OFDM-CDMA Systems with Doppler Spread (2006)

6 pages
Traffic-Adaptive, Flow-Specific Medium Access Control for Wireless Networks (2009)

In this paper, we formally introduce the novel concept of traffic-adaptive, flow-specific medium access control and show that it outperforms contention, non-contention and hybrid medium access schemes. A traffic-adaptive, flow-specific mechanism is proposed that utilizes flow-specific queue size statistics to select between medium access modes. A general model for traffic-adaptive, flow-specific medium access control is developed and it is shown that hybrid medium access as well as traditional contention-based and non-contention schemes can be seen as special cases of the more general flow-specific access. The proposed traffic-adaptive, flow-specific mechanism is applied to Cooperative Wireless Sensor Network Medium Access Control (CWS-MAC) to provide representative simulation results.