gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multifunctional Stimulation of Gas Wells Operating in Gas Cap over a Depleted Oil Reservoir (2016)

Abstract The primary aim of the research project was to develop an efficient technology to control excessive water production in gas wells. As a novelty, water sensitive petroleum-based solutions were developed, which spontaneously form extremely high viscosity barrier under reservoir condition when contacting with water. The beneficial effects of induced phase inversion of metastable systems on restriction on water flow were already detailed in previous papers and later the technology was deemed matured and necessary to test under field conditions. Two phases and the still running field pilots were accomplished in one of the gas capped oil reservoirs of the largest stacked hydrocarbon field Algyő, Hungary. The target gas wells were operating in the gas cap over the oil layer depleted by double-sided water injection. Until now, six active wells were treated with the self-conforming microemulsions including two repeated cases. Analyzing the production history of wells, the detrimental (&gt;50 m3/d, sometimes much higher than 100 m3/d) water production was the primary factor selecting the target wells to be treated. Usually, 40–100 m3 microemulsion was injected into the wells after drying the vicinity of wells by water-miscible organic solvent and N2 injection. The post-injected inert gas also served to create deep penetration of the treating solution in the reservoir. The jobs were completed within 1–2 days, and after 2–3 weeks of shut-in period, the gas production was restarted. Evaluating the field results, it was concluded that the treatments prove a multifunctional mechanism. The water production in some wells dropped significantly (from 120 m3/d to 40–30 m3/d in one well); meanwhile the gas production remained unchained. In one well, the water production remained unchained, however, the gas production tripled. Surprisingly, all treated wells, never producing liquid hydrocarbons in the earlier period, started to produce substantial amount of oil (oil cut between 10% and 75% oil in net fluid rate). These positive results can be attributed to three different reasons: effective barrier formation against water influx, reducing skin factor caused by formation damage, and opening new flow paths from entrapped oil bodies existing below the gas cap. Thus, the treatment technology was qualified as a "multifunctional well stimulation" in contrast to the original term of "water shutoff" method. Based on the encouraging field results the technology became one of the strategic projects of the company in the coming years until 2020.
Shared I/O-cell structures: a framework for extending the IEEE 1149.1 boundary-scan standard (2002)

This paper proposes a framework to help designers understand how to integrate customized design for test features under the guidelines of the 1149.1 standard. The paper begins by discussing the reasoning behind some of the essential features of the IEEE 1149.1 boundary scan standard. Following that, arguments are made for allowing greater flexibility within the standard in order to accommodate design features, that may follow the intent of the standard but not necessarily the letter of its specification. An example of such a feature is to allow I/O cells in which test logic is "shared" with functional logic. The proposed framework for compatibility with the IEEE 1149.1 standard may result in some changes to the current standard. The framework is intended to provide a guideline for additional tools and recommendations to be developed by the IEEE 1149.1 working group and EDA companies in order to help produce testable designs. The framework also helps to explain and understand the ramifications of implementing testability features, which are not compliant with the boundary-scan standard.
Effect of melatonin on the peripheral concentrations of LH and progesterone after oestrus, and on conception rate in ewes (1988)

It has previously been shown that administration of the indoleamine melatonin to advance the breeding season of ewes is also associated with an increase in ovulation rate and subsequent litter size. Experiment 1 assessed whether, in ewes receiving melatonin to advance the breeding season, the indoleamine acts directly on the corpus luteum to enhance progesterone secretion or indirectly through increased activity of the hypothalamic pulse generator. Six ewes received 3 mg melatonin orally at 15.00 h daily from 22 March onwards, six were induced to ovulate during mid-anoestrus following withdrawal of a progestagen pessary and injection of exogenous gonadotrophin and six acted as naturally ovulating controls. First overt oestrus occurred between 17 May and 8 July in melatonin-treated ewes, between 21 October and 3 January in control ewes and on 8 July in all induced ewes. On days 2 and 10 after the first overt oestrus, melatonin-treated ewes had pulsatile LH activity characteristic of that measured in control ewes ovulating naturally during the breeding season. There was an absence of any pulsatile LH activity in the induced ewes. Progesterone concentrations between days 7 and 12 following oestrus were significantly higher in melatonin-treated than in control and induced ewes, suggesting a luteotrophic role for melatonin. Experiment 2 was carried out to determine whether administration of melatonin commencing after induced ovulation and insemination would alter the endocrine status of the ewe and thereby influence the establishment of pregnancy and embryo survival.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
James Callaway, an Artist with a Drill and a Brush. (2022)

Dr. James A. Callaway (1947-2022) (Fig.1) was a well-known dentist and Renaissance-Man for over 50 years in Las Vegas, NV. Callaway attended the University of Nevada Reno as an undergraduate then matriculated into the University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry where he earned a D.D.S. Summa Cum Laude. He then moved back to his hometown of Las Vegas to begin practice.
Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Laninamivir, a Novel Long‐Acting Neuraminidase Inhibitor, After Single and Multiple Inhaled Doses of Its Prodrug, CS‐8958, in Healthy Male Volunteers (2010)

Phase 1 studies of laninamivir, a novel long-acting neuraminidase inhibitor, were carried out to assess its safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics after inhaled administration of its prodrug, CS-8958. Healthy male volunteers (total N = 76) participated in double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials and received 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, or 120 mg of a single dose or 20 or 40 mg of a twice-daily dose for 3 days. The clinical and laboratory parameters and plasma and urinary concentrations of CS-8958 and laninamivir for 144 hours post dosing were measured. There were no adverse events related to the test drug. CS-8958 disappeared from plasma with a half-life of about 2 hours, although laninamivir was slowly eliminated from the body, lasting for even up to 144 hours after administration with a half-life of about 3 days. Area under the curve and maximum concentration increased almost linearly with the dose administered. The cumulative urinary excretion amounts of CS-8958 and laninamivir were 2.3% to 3.6% and 10.7% to 14.6% of the dose, respectively. The half-life of the urinary excretion rates of laninamivir at higher single dose is comparable to plasma half-life. CS-8958, when inhaled by healthy volunteers, is well tolerated and exhibits a suitable pharmacokinetic profile, suggesting potential for long-lasting anti-influenza activity.
Prevention of heterotopic ossification with irradiation after total hip arthroplasty. Radiation therapy with a single dose of eight hundred centigray administered to a limited field. (1992)

Sixty-two hips in fifty-five patients who were considered to be at risk for postoperative heterotopic ossification were randomly divided into two groups: one received a single 800-centigray dose of limited-field radiation and the other, 1000 centigray of limited-field radiation in divided doses. The risk for heterotopic-bone formation was identified on the basis of previously described criteria, which included previous heterotopic ossification after an operation about the hip, hypertrophic osteoarthritis or post-traumatic osteoarthrosis characterized by formation of extensive osteophytes, radiographic evidence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, ankylosing spondylitis, and male sex. The treatment portals excluded prosthetic surfaces that were intended for biological fixation by ingrowth of bone. At a minimum six-month follow-up, progression of heterotopic ossification had occurred in seven (21 per cent) of thirty-four hips in the first group and in six (21 per cent) of twenty-eight hips in the second group. The ossification had advanced more than one grade in only one hip. Extra-field ossification occurred in fifteen (43 per cent) of thirty-five hips that had not had previous heterotopic ossification. Since the time of the study, the treatment portal has been modified to include the lateral aspect of the greater trochanter, so that the risk of bursitis associated with ossification in this area is minimized. Single-dose limited-field radiation is effective for the prevention of heterotopic ossification, without compromise of early fixation of an uncemented implant.
Comparison of [3H]glucosamine-labeled glycoproteins from human renal cancer and normal kidney epithelial cell cultures by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. (1981)

Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis has been used to compare the Nonidet P-40 soluble, [3H]glucosamine-labeled glycoproteins of human kidney cancer cell lines and short-term cultures of normal kidney epithelia. Two pairs of autologous combinations of tumor and normal cells and also six other cancer lines and four normal cultures were examined. Because autologous cells could be compared, possible differences due to allogeneic variations could be eliminated. The electrophoretic patterns given by tumor and normal cells were extremely similar. Nevertheless, more than 10 differences could be recognized when randomly selected combinations of cancer and normal cells were examined in detail. Of these differences, however, only one was consistently found in all possible combinations of cancer and normal cells. Cancer cells had three prominent components of molecular weight 27,500 and pIs of 5.7, 5.3, and 4.9, respectively. Normal cells have a fainter and different constellation of spots in this region, with the more acid component (pI 4.9) being absent (or barely detectable). The pattern of fetal kidney cells resembled that given by normal adult kidney.
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1: Clinical and Genetic Topics (1998)

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) consists of benign, and sometimes malignant, tumors (often multiple in a tissue) of the parathyroids, enteropancreatic neuroendocrine system, anterior pituitary, and other tissues. Skin angiofibromas and skin collagenomas are common. Typically, MEN1 tumors begin two decades earlier than sporadic tumors. Because of tumor multiplicity and the tendency for postoperative tumor recurrence, specialized methods have been developed for preoperative and intraoperative localization of many MEN1-associated tumors. The MEN1 gene was recently isolated by positional cloning. This strategy progressively narrows the size of the candidate MEN1 gene interval on the chromosome and then finds and tests many or, if needed, all genes within that interval. The MEN1 gene was finally identified because it was the one gene that contained mutations in most DNAs from a test panel of MEN1 cases. It has been suggested that MEN1, like many hereditary cancer syndromes, is caused by mutation in a tumor suppressor gene that contributes to neoplasia when both gene copies in a tumor precursor cell have been sequentially inactivated ("two-hit" oncogenesis mechanism). Germline MEN1 mutations were found in most families with MEN1 and in most cases of sporadic MEN1. In addition, the MEN1 gene was the gene most likely to show acquired mutation in several sporadic or nonhereditary tumors-parathyroid adenomas, gastrinomas, insulinomas, and bronchial carcinoids. Most germline or acquired MEN1 mutations predicted truncation (and thus likely inactivation) of the encoded protein, supporting expectations for the "first hit" to a tumor suppressor gene. Testing for MEN1 germline mutation is possible in a research setting. Candidates for MEN1 mutation testing include patients with MEN1 or its phenocopies and first-degree relatives of persons with MEN1.
Peripheral Calcitonin Gene‐Related Peptide Receptor Activation and Mechanical Sensitization of the Joint in Rat Models of Osteoarthritis Pain (2014)

Our findings provide new and compelling evidence implicating a role of CGRP in peripheral sensitization in experimental OA. Our novel finding of CGRP-mediated control of joint nociceptor mechanosensitivity suggests that the CGRP receptor system may be an important target for the modulation of pain during OA. CGRP receptor antagonists recently developed for migraine pain should be investigated for their efficacy against pain in OA.
The susceptibility loci juvenile idiopathic arthritis shares with other autoimmune diseases extend to PTPN2, COG6, and ANGPT1 (2010)

General susceptibility loci for autoimmunity are shared across diseases, including JIA, suggesting the potential for common therapeutic targets and mechanisms.
The use of Nanocomposite Materials for High Refractive Index Immersion Lithography (2008)

High-index immersion lithography beyond water can be an enabler for the 32nm node. For several years researchers have tried to find or develop higher index lens element, immersion fluid and resist. A high index lens material has been developed that is suitable for implementation as the final lens element. The development of high index immersion fluid and resist remains, and this will require breakthroughs in materials development. An intermediate index fluid has been developed but will only enable 1.55NA immersion lithography. To achieve 1.70NA a fluid with a refractive index approaching 1.80 at 193nm will be required. Additionally a compatible resist with an index of about 1.9 will be required. The development of these materials with extreme refractive indices is particularly challenging due to the limitations of variables that can affect the index without compromising other required properties. This paper reviews the successes and failures in the search for these higher index fluids and resist materials, and the most likely path to success using high index nanoparticles.
Protection Against Reperfusion-Induced Arrhythmias by Human Thioredoxin (1996)

Adult T-cell leukemia-derived factor (ADF), identified in the supernatant of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cell culture, is a human homologue of thioredoxin and consists of 104 amino acids; it has two redox-active half-cysteine residues in an exposed active center. Human thioredoxin has many biological activities, including growth promotion, cell activation, and a catalase-like radical scavenging activity. We examined the protective effect of human thioredoxin (h-thioredoxin) against reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in an isolated rat heart model with 10-min regional ischemia followed by 30-min reperfusion. Male Wistar rats were assigned to six groups: a control, a superoxide dismutase (SOD 8 x 10(4) IU/L), and a catalase group (1 x 10(6) IU/L), and three groups treated with h-thioredoxin [approximately .01 microM (TRX-I group), approximately 0.1 microM (TRX-II group), and approximately 1 microM (TRX-III group)]. In the early reperfusion period, h-thioredoxin reduced the incidence of ventricular fibrillation (VF) to 8% in the TRX-II group (p < 0.01) from the control value of 75%. SOD and catalase reduced the incidence of VF to 43 and 33%, respectively (NS). During the entire reperfusion period, the incidence of VF in the SOD group was 79%, as compared to 83% in the control group. In the catalase and TRX-II groups, the incidence of VF was significantly reduced to 42 and 25%, respectively. These findings indicate that SOD failed to protect against the reperfusion-induced arrhythmias. h-Thioredoxin exerted a protective effect against these arrhythmias; a concentration of approximately 0.1 micro was the most effective.
Zinc Fingers: Conserved Properties that Can Distinguish Between Spurious and Actual DNA-Binding Motifs (1993)

The zinc finger, one of the major structural motifs used for sequence specific DNA binding, has been identified in many regulatory proteins. By analogy, involvement in nucleic acid recognition has been implied for proteins that contain two cysteines and two histidines, spaced in accordance with the zinc finger motif. In this study we identify sequence dependent characteristics that are conserved in the DNA-binding zinc fingers and are probably required for a functional DNA-binding zinc finger. Examination of the conserved properties in view of the solved three dimensional structure of a zinc finger, confirms the importance of most of these properties. The absence of the identified physical-chemical characteristics from CCHH containing sequences of non-DNA binding proteins suggest that they can be used to distinguish between spurious and actual DNA binding zinc fingers.
Early Interferon Therapy for Hepatitis C Virus Infection Rescues Polyfunctional, Long-Lived CD8 <sup>+</sup> Memory T Cells (2008)

The majority of acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections progress to chronicity and progressive liver damage. Alpha interferon (IFN-alpha) antiviral therapy achieves the highest rate of success when IFN-alpha is administered early during the acute phase, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. We used a panel of major histocompatibility complex class I tetramers to monitor the phenotypic and functional signatures of HCV-specific T cells during acute HCV infection with different infection outcomes and during early IFN therapy. We demonstrate that spontaneous resolution correlates with the early development of polyfunctional (IFN-gamma- and IL-2-producing and CD107a(+)) virus-specific CD8(+) T cells. These polyfunctional T cells are distinguished by the expression of CD127 and Bcl-2 and represent a transitional memory T-cell subset that exhibits the phenotypic and functional signatures of both central and effector memory T cells. In contrast, HCV-specific CD8(+) T cells in acute infections evolving to chronicity expressed low levels of CD127 and Bcl-2, exhibited diminished proliferation and cytokine production, and eventually disappeared from the periphery. Early therapeutic intervention with pegylated IFN-alpha rescued polyfunctional memory T cells expressing high levels of CD127 and Bcl-2. These cells were detectable for up to 1 year following discontinuation of therapy. Our results suggest that the polyfunctionality of HCV-specific T cells can be predictive of the outcome of acute HCV infection and that early therapeutic intervention can reconstitute the pool of long-lived polyfunctional memory T cells.
Non-contact metal film metrology using impulsive stimulated thermal scattering (2001)

A non-contact, non-destructive method for measuring the thickness of opaque metal films in circuit interconnect layers is presented along with typical metrology applications. The technique, known as Impulsive Stimulated Thermal Scattering or Transient Grating optoacoustics, is based on a special method for the initiation and detection of acoustic waves in the sample film using laser light. The simple optical arrangement and rapid measurement make the technique ideal for in-line on-product process-control applications, particularly for emerging processes for copper-based films. Typical applications include monitoring PVD and ECD Cu deposition and Cu CMP uniformity, on both blanket and patterned wafers.
A phase I study of anti-GPC3 chimeric antigen receptor modified T cells (GPC3 CAR-T) in Chinese patients with refractory or relapsed GPC3+ hepatocellular carcinoma (r/r GPC3+ HCC). (2017)

3049 Background: HCC was commonly diagnosed and identified as leading causes of cancer death in China. Using a 10% cutoff score, GPC3 was detected in 63.6% of HCCs. Safety and preliminary efficacy of a GPC3 CAR-T was evaluated in 13 Chinese patients (pts) with r/r GPC3+ HCC in a Phase I trial. Methods: Pts between 18 and 70 yrs old with histopathological confirmed r/r GPC3+ HCC, Child-Pugh score≤B7, ECOG≤1, lymphocyte ≥ □0.7 x10 9 , post-transduction positive T cells □ ≥30%, amplification by α CD3/CD28 ≥5 □, and without ascites and HIV infection were enrolled. Eligible pts undergo leukapheresis or whole blood colletion, which further developed into GPC3 CAR-T via lentiviral transduction. Standard release tests were conducted before administering GPC3 CAR-T in pts. Adverse events were graded per NCI CTCAE v.4.03. Efficacy was evaluated per modified RECIST (mRECIST). Results: All 13 pts, who received at least one infusion of GPC3 CAR-T, tolerated the treatment well. No dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was identified, and only one SAE of grade 3 fever was reported. Preliminary analysis compared the clinical outcomes in pts who received GPC3 CAR-T without lymphodepleting conditioning (LDC) (Group A) vs. with LDC (Group B) at baseline. In Group A (N = 5), all pts developed progressive disease (PD) shortly after received a total infusion of GPC3 CAR-T ranging from 0.92x10 7 to 8.72 x10 7 cells/kg. In Group B (N = 8), following the LDC with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide, pts received a total infusion of GPC3 CAR-T ranging from 0.013x10 7 to 14.68 x10 7 cells/kg. Except two non-evaluable pts, the best response for the rest 6 pts are 1 PR, 3 SD, 2 PD. As of Feb 1, 2017, the PR pt remains alive for 385 days; 2 SD pts remain alive for 384 and 562 days, respectively; and one SD deceased at 108 days. Also worth to mention, one pt in Group A decided to remain on the study after PD, further received a total of 6.23 x10 7 cells/kg infusions following a LDC given around Day 150, remains stable for 571 days as of Feb 1, 2017. Conclusions: Phase I trial shows GPC3 CAR-T is feasible and safe for Chinese pts with r/r GPC3+ HCC, and holds promising antitumor potential when LDC is applied along with GPC3 CAR-T. Clinical trial information: NCT02395250.
Generalized digital Butterworth filter design (2002)

This paper presents a formula-based method for the design of IIR filters having more zeros than (nontrivial) poles. The filters are designed so that their square magnitude frequency responses are maximally-flat at /spl omega/=0 and at /spl omega/=/spl pi/ and are thereby generalizations of classical digital Butterworth filters. A main result of the paper is that, for a specified half-magnitude frequency and a specified number of zeros, there is only one valid way in which to split the zeros between z=-1 and the passband. IIR filters having more zeros than poles are of interest, because often, to obtain a good trade-off between performance and the expense of implementation, just a few poles are best.
A Deep Learning Method Combined Sparse Autoencoder with SVM (2015)

In this paper, a novel unsupervised method for learning sparse features combined with support vector machines for classification is proposed. The classical SVM method has restrictions on the large-scale applications. This model uses sparse auto encoder, a deep learning algorithm, to improve the performance. Firstly, we use multiple layers of sparse auto encoder to learn the features of the data. Secondly, we use SVM to classify. Many experimental results show that compared with SVM, our proposed method can improve the classification rate. In particular, it can effectively deal with large-scale data sets.
Outcome of Patients Hospitalized for Complications after Outpatient Liver Biopsy (1993)

Complications after outpatient liver biopsy occur early and rarely require invasive management. Outpatient liver biopsy is safe when done on carefully selected patients in a setting that provides close observation for at least 3 hours after liver biopsy.