gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-throughput computational screening for low work function perovskite electron emitters (2017)

Our recent computational discovery of SrVO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> possessing a low work function has spurred a much larger modeling effort to search for additional, new perovskite compounds with low work function for applications as thermionic electron emitting cathodes. Here, we detail our initial progress of conducting high-throughput Density Functional Theory calculations on hundreds of perovskite compounds. After screening approximately 600 perovskite materials, we have predicted that other new perovskite materials, BaNbO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> and SrNbO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> , should display intrinsic (undoped) work functions of 1.50 and 1.20 eV, respectively, superior to undoped SrVO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> . We have also demonstrated that transition metal d-electron count can provide guidance for tuning the work function of perovskites by altering their composition.
Imaging Fukushima Daiichi reactors with muons (2013)

A study of imaging the Fukushima Daiichi reactors with cosmic-ray muons to assess the damage to the reactors is presented. Muon scattering imaging has high sensitivity for detecting uranium fuel and debris even through thick concrete walls and a reactor pressure vessel. Technical demonstrations using a reactor mockup, detector radiation test at Fukushima Daiichi, and simulation studies have been carried out. These studies establish feasibility for the reactor imaging. A few months of measurement will reveal the spatial distribution of the reactor fuel. The muon scattering technique would be the best and probably the only way for Fukushima Daiichi to make this determination in the near future.
Ultra‐low leakage SRAM design with sub‐32 nm tunnel FETs for low standby power applications (2016)

Tunnel‐field‐effect transistors (TFETs) operate by quantum band‐to‐band tunnelling and display a steeper subthreshold slope than MOSFETs which substantially diminishes the standby current. This work explores the TFET‐based SRAM utilisation for Low STandby Power applications. An 8 T TFET SRAM cell operating at V DD = 1 V, which, in contrast to other 6 T TFET SRAMs, is write‐disturb‐ and half‐selection‐free is proposed. Simulations based on 30 nm p‐ and n‐TFETs models relying on I D , C GS , C GD vs. V GS , and V DS look‐up tables extracted from TCAD, indicate that the proposed cell has a Read SNM and a Write SNM of 120 and 200 mV, respectively, which are well above state of the art values repotted in the literature. When utilised in an 128 × 128‐bit memory array the proposed cell enables read and write operation at 3.84 GHz and 806 MHz, respectively, and a cell leakage of less than 2fA/bit, which makes it an excellent choice for Internet of Things applications.
Illumination-grade white LEDs (2002)

Phosphor conversion of blue radiation from InGaN LEDs has recently gone to a new quality: white light, which is illumination grade in the sense of high co<b></b>lor rendering and color temperatures below 4000°K. At the same time power packages taking inputs of 1 Watt or even 5 W and surpassing in efficiency small size halogen lamps have been introduced. After a short review of alternative solutions state of the art devices are described and open questions outlined.
Oral Therapeutic Vaccination with<i>Streptococcus sobrinus</i>Recombinant Enolase Confers Protection against Dental Caries in Rats (2008)

Dental caries is among the more prevalent chronic human infections for which an effective human vaccine has not yet been achieved. Enolase from Streptococcus sobrinus has been identified as an immunomodulatory protein. In the present study, we used S. sobrinus recombinant enolase (rEnolase) as a target antigen and assessed its therapeutic effect in a rat model of dental caries. Wistar rats that were fed a cariogenic solid diet on day 18 after birth were orally infected with S. sobrinus on day 19 after birth and for 5 consecutive days thereafter. Five days after infection and, again, 3 weeks later, rEnolase plus alum adjuvant was delivered into the oral cavity of the rats. A sham-immunized group of rats was contemporarily treated with adjuvant alone. In the rEnolase-immunized rats, increased levels of salivary IgA and IgG antibodies specific for this recombinant protein were detected. A significant decrease in sulcal, proximal enamel, and dentin caries scores was observed in these animals, compared with sham-immunized control animals. No detectable histopathologic alterations were observed in all immunized animals. Furthermore, the antibodies produced against bacterial enolase did not react with human enolase. Overall, these results indicate that rEnolase could be a promising and safe candidate for testing in trials of vaccines against dental caries in humans.
Sandwich holography for storing information interferometrically with a high degree of security (1979)

An entirely new method of storing confidential data is presented. The method is based on sandwich holography, and its-main principle is the following: The basic state of a surface is recorded in one plate of a sandwich pair; in the other plate the same surface is recorded slightly deformed. When the two holograms are combined an interference fringe pattern is formed. By controlling the deformation of the surface it is possible to obtain exactly the interference pattern wainted. This controlled pattern can be used to create information that is either directly readable digital information or a binary coded information, suitable to automatic readout. The data stored in the holograms are not possible to read out from one hologram alone, but the two holograms must be put together to make the information available. The system is primarily meant to be applied on ID cards but can also be used for other applications where data have to be stored securely.
Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Profiles of Glyco-Modified Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Derivatives Synthesized Using Chemo-enzymatic Synthesis Approaches (2018)

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) exerts beneficial pharmacological effects in the treatment of various cardiovascular disorders, such as acute congestive heart failure (ADHF). However, the clinical use of ANP is limited to the continuous intravenous infusion owing to its short half-life (2.4 ± 0.7 min). In the present study, we conjugated the glyco-modified ANP with a monoclonal antibody (mAb) or an Fc via chemo-enzymatic glyco-engineering using EndoS D233Q/Q303L. The most potent derivative SG-ANP-Fc conjugate extended the half-life to 14.9 d and the duration of blood pressure lowering effect to over 28 d. This new biologic modality provides an opportunity to develop outpatient therapy after ADHF.
Targeting Menin-MLL Interaction to Inhibit MLL Fusion Oncoproteins in Leukemia (2011)

Abstract Abstract 2497 Chromosomal translocations that affect the MLL (Mixed Lineage Leukemia) proto-oncogene occur in aggressive acute leukemias, both in children and adults. Fusion of MLL to one of more than 50 partner genes results in generation of the MLL fusion oncoprotein, which upregulates expression of HOX genes required for normal hematopoiesis, and ultimately leads to the development of acute leukemia. Patients harboring translocations of MLL gene suffer from very aggressive leukemias and respond poorly to available therapies, emphasizing the urgent need for novel therapeutic treatments. All oncogenic MLL fusion proteins have a preserved N-terminal fragment of MLL that interacts with menin, a tumor suppressor protein encoded by MEN1 (Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia 1) gene. Importantly, the menin-MLL fusion protein interaction is critical to the leukemogenic activity of MLL fusion proteins and misregulation of HOXA9 genes, and therefore it represents a valuable molecular target for therapeutic intervention. Selective targeting of the protein-protein interaction between menin and MLL fusion proteins with small molecules could block the oncogenic activity of MLL fusion proteins and inhibit development of acute leukemia. To identify small molecule inhibitors of the menin-MLL interaction we have performed a High Throughput Screen of 350,000 compounds using a collection of biochemical assays and biophysical methods. This resulted in several classes of compounds that specifically bind to menin and inhibit the menin-MLL interaction both in vitro and in human cells. We then applied medicinal chemistry approaches to develop analogues of selected lead candidates, resulting in very potent compounds that inhibit the menin-MLL interaction with nanomolar affinities. To evaluate potency, specificity and mechanism of action of these compounds we used a broad collection of cellular assays. These compounds selectively inhibit proliferation of the MLL leukemia cells, strongly induce apoptosis and differentiation of these cells. Importantly, these compounds substantially downregulate expression of HOXA9 and MEIS1 genes that are downstream targets of MLL fusion proteins required for their leukemogenicity, and they also deplete the menin-MLL fusion protein complex from the target genes. Furthermore, the compounds that we developed specifically inhibit the MLL fusion protein mediated oncogenic transformation. All these effects closely recapitulate the effects observed upon acute loss of menin or disruption of the menin-MLL fusion protein interaction using genetic manipulations, demonstrating highly specific mode of action for these compounds. Our current efforts are focused to assess the effect of these compounds in in vivo models of MLL leukemia and evaluate their utility as future drug candidates for acute leukemias. This may provide a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of very aggressive leukemias with MLL translocations. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
LiteRace (2009)

Data races are one of the most common and subtle causes of pernicious concurrency bugs. Static techniques for preventing data races are overly conservative and do not scale well to large programs. Past research has produced several dynamic data race detectors that can be applied to large programs. They are precise in the sense that they only report actual data races. However, dynamic data race detectors incur a high performance overhead, slowing down a program's execution by an order of magnitude. In this paper we present LiteRace, a very lightweight data race detector that samples and analyzes only selected portions of a program's execution. We show that it is possible to sample a multithreaded program at a low frequency, and yet, find infrequently occurring data races. We implemented LiteRace using Microsoft's Phoenix compiler. Our experiments with several Microsoft programs, Apache, and Firefox show that LiteRace is able to find more than 70% of data races by sampling less than 2% of memory accesses in a given program execution.
A new test structure for measuring on-chip cross-coupling capacitances (2005)

We present a new test structure for measuring on-chip cross-coupling capacitance by means of crosstalk-induced supply currents. The key advantage of the proposed approach over existing charge-based capacitance measurements (CBCMs) based on cross talk is that the victim line is kept at a constant voltage level, thus avoiding short-circuit currents and enabling complete compensation of charge redistribution effects. We present preliminary experimental results obtained from a 0.13 /spl mu/m CMOS implementation.
Computer aided diagnosis for cone beam breast ct (2011)

Cone Beam Breast Computed Tomography (CBBCT) has been developed as a technology dedicated to breast imaging. The system has relatively low radiation dose, high contrast resolution, high contrast-noise ratio, and isotropic high resolution. The CBBCT imaging field is large enough to cover the whole breast in one scan. Without tissue overlap, the breast's anatomic structure is clearly revealed in CBBCT reconstruction images with precise three-dimensional (3D) spatial distribution and morphological characteristics. Compared with mammograms and breast MRI, CBBCT images are able to provide more information to the radiologists. The accuracy of breast lesion diagnosis can potentially be improved with CBBCT images. 
With high resolution 3D visualization, CBBCT images usually have a huge volume of data. Reviewing the data, locating all possible lesions, and making a correct diagnosis with CBBCT images may be a time consuming task for radiologists. Radiologists' accuracy, consistency, and efficiency may decrease when continuously reviewing the CBBCT volume data. In this thesis, a CBBCT-based Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) system is proposed and developed to serve as a “second reader” of the CBBCT volume data. With algorithms designed to take advantage of the CBBCT characteristics and reveal possible lesions with supplementary information, CBBCT CAD can help radiologists to further increase their diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. In this thesis five major components of the CBBCT CAD system have been designed based on the diagnostic requirements: 1. A 3D noise reduction scheme to improve the visualization of the 3D CBBCT image volume; 2. A 3D auto-detection scheme to detect calcifications in CBBCT images; 3. A 3D auto-detection scheme to detect suspicious masses in CBBCT images; 4. A mastectomy specimen experiment to validate the feasibility of CBBCT ductography; and 5. A 3D auto-segmentation scheme to evaluate the breast density based on CBBCT 3D images. 
The experimental results of CBBCT CAD are presented and future work is planned.
<title>Reduced coherence holography and related methods for imaging into inhomogeneities</title> (1990)

We suggest several ideas for imaging either through or into inhomogeneities, all based on essentially coherent techniques in which the coherence of the illumination, either spatial or temporal or both, is reduced in some specially designed way.
TWO-STAGE ROLLING PISTON CARBON DIOXIDE COMPRESSOR. (2004)

A prototype hermetic rotary compressor has been developed for use with carbon dioxide as natural working fluid. Two-stage compression cycle has been employed to reduce effect of the high pressure usual for the compression cycle of carbon dioxide compressors. The paper presents detailed description of the compressor lubrication system, suction and discharge gas flow pattern, discharge valve design, results of the analytical study of the journal and thrust bearings, and some exp erimental test data. The modular design of the compressor elements helps to simplify assembly, reduce production cost, and improve performance of the compressor
Toward Practical Non-Contact Optical Strain Sensing Using Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2016)

Progress is reported in an emerging non-contact strain sensing technology based on optical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). In this strain-sensing smart skin (“S4”) method, nanotubes are dilutely embedded in a thin polymer film applied to a substrate of interest. Subsequent strain in the substrate is transferred to the nanotubes, causing systematic spectral shifts in their characteristic short-wave infrared fluorescence peaks. A small diode laser excites a spot on the coated surface, and the resulting emission is captured and spectrally analyzed to deduce local strain. To advance performance of the method, we prepare S4 films with structurally selected SWCNTs. These give less congested emission spectra that can be analyzed precisely. However, quenching interactions with the polymer host reduce SWCNT emission intensity by an order of magnitude. The instrumentation that captures SWCNT fluorescence has been made lighter and smaller for hand-held use or mounting onto a positioning mechanism that makes efficient automated strain scans of laboratory test specimens. Statistical analysis of large S4 data sets exposes uncertainties in measurements at single positions plus spatial variations in deduced baseline strain levels. Future refinements to S4 film formulation and processing should provide improved strain sensing performance suitable for industrial application.
New Mullite Ceramic Packages and Substrates (1988)

The authors describe the fabrication technologies and properties of new mullites for advanced VLSI packaging technology, as well as applications utilizing their characteristics. These new mullite ceramic substrates have the following characteristics: (1) low dielectric constants (5.4-7.5), which facilitate the realization of a device manifesting a high speed of signal transmission; (2) low thermal expansion coefficients (3.0-4.05*10/sup -6// degrees C), which permit the direct attachment of a large silicon chip; and (3) sufficiently high flexural strength (20-31 kg/mm/sup 2/), providing high mechanical reliability for practical use. It is concluded that, as a result of these characteristics, the new mullite packages and substrates could guarantee a highly reliable attachment for a large silicon chip and high signal transmission speed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
3D video particles (2002)

We present the concept of 3D video particles, a versatile representation for 3D video and real-time visual effects. By generalizing 2D video pixels towards 3D irregular point samples we combine the simplicity of conventional 2D video processing with the power of more complex polygonal representations for 3D video. The heart of the video particle representation is a hierarchical spacesubdivision data structure. Once initialized, this data structure can progressively be updated by so-called “smart” streaming. A smart 3D video stream consists of operators such as particle inserts, updates or deletes accounting for input changes. Our approach works with any real-time 3D reconstruction method and scales smoothly from view dependence to view independence. The video renderer implements a variety of advanced rendering operators including re-shading, and numerous 3D visual effects and makes use of state-of-the-art vertex processing hardware. 3D video particles are primarily designed for 3D telepresence, augmented reality, location-based entertainment, and real-time virtual studio applications.
Human IgE mAbs define variability in commercial Aspergillus extract allergen composition (2018)

Sensitization to Aspergillus species is associated with allergic respiratory diseases. Allergen immunotherapy with nonstandardized Aspergillus extracts is commonly used as therapy in these patients. Unfortunately, no method exists to measure the relevant allergen protein content in diagnostic and therapeutic extracts. Thus, there is a critical need for Aspergillus extract standardization. We hypothesized that development of Aspergillus-specific human IgE mAbs would allow for the characterization of the relevant human allergenic epitopes among currently available commercial Aspergillus fumigatus extracts. Patients with allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis were recruited from Vanderbilt University Medical Center. IgE antibody-secreting B cells were grown and immortalized using human hybridoma techniques first described here. Twenty-six human Aspergillus-reactive IgE mAbs were used as capture and detection reagents to characterize the Aspergillus allergen content of commercial extracts. We found extreme variability in the specificity and quantity of their protein targets. Just 4 mAbs reacted with all available extracts, and only 1 of 4 extracts contained the major allergen Asp f 1. This degree of variability will almost certainly affect the efficacy of these reagents when used in diagnosis and treatment. Human IgE mAbs represent an innovative tool for the evaluation of relevant human allergenic epitopes, which may assist in future development and long-term standardization of mold extracts.
Tensile Strength of Silicon Nitride Fibers Produced from Perhydropolysilazane (1990)

The pyrolysis temperature dependence of tensile strength has been studied for silicon nitride fibers produced by pyrolysis of perhydropolysilazane fibers in N2. The tensile strength of silicon nitride fibers increased up to 4300MPa with increasing pyrolysis temperature. Catastrophic drops in tensile strength took place following crystallization of Si3N4. Crystalline Si precipitated at 1100°C and crystallization of α-Si3N4 took place at 1200°C in silicon nitride fibers (B) derived from perhydropolysilazane fibers in which the Si/N atomic ratio deviated from 3/4 in the presence of excess Si. Crystallization of α-Si3N4 took place at 1400°C in silicon nitride fibers (A) produced from perhydropolysilazane fibers with the near stoichiometric composition. Silicon nitride fibers (A) retained high tensile strength even after exposing above 1300°C.
Peptoid Macrocycles: Making the Rounds with Peptidomimetic Oligomers (2010)

Macrocyclic constraints are often employed to rigidify the conformation of flexible oligomeric systems. This approach has recently been used to organize the structure of peptoid oligomers, which are peptidomimetics composed of chemically diverse N-substituted glycine monomer units. In this review, we describe advances in the synthesis and characterization of cyclic peptoids. We evaluate how the installation of covalent constraints between the oligomer termini or side chains has been effective in defining peptoid conformations. We also discuss the potential applications for this promising family of macrocyclic peptidomimetics.
A Plastic W-Band MEMS Tunable Filter (2006)

A plastic, W-band MEMS tunable filter has been successfully demonstrated by built-in deformable membranes. The filter has been fabricated using a MEMS-based process with plastic micro embossing process and gold electroplating. Two movable membranes of 1.6mm in diameter are designed as part of a two-cavity iris filter to actively change the cavity geometry for frequency tuning. Prototype filter has been fabricated and measured with bandwidth of 4.05GHz centered at 94.79GHz with a minimum insertion loss of 2.37dB and return loss better than 15dB. A total of 2.59GHz center frequency shift has been achieved when membranes deflect from -50mum to +150mum
150-μm Spatial Resolution Using Photon-Counting Detector Computed Tomography Technology (2018)

Phantom studies demonstrated superior resolution and noise properties for the Sharp and UHR modes relative to the standard Macro mode and patient images demonstrated the potential benefit of these scan modes for clinical practice.
Designed Glycopeptides with Different β-Turn Types as Synthetic Probes for the Detection of Autoantibodies as Biomarkers of Multiple Sclerosis (2008)

Circulating autoantibodies have been recognized as disease biomarkers of autoimmune diseases. We have previously disclosed a synthetic glycopeptide that is able to detect specific autoantibodies in sera of patients who are affected by multiple sclerosis (MS). This glycopeptide is characterized by a type I' beta-turn around the minimal epitope Asn(Glc) that allows an efficient exposure of this moiety to antibody interactions in the context of a solid-phase immunoenzymatic assay. With the aim of optimizing the glycopeptide-antibody interactions, we analyze a series of new glycopeptides based on different turn structures. Our results confirm the role of conformation in the recognition and binding of synthetic antigenic probes to MS autoantibodies. Glycopeptide 2, which is characterized by a type I beta-turn around the minimal epitope Asn(Glc), shows the highest antibody affinity (IC50 = 11.8 nM), and thus it appears to be a promising tool for the detection of specific autoantibodies as MS biomarker in patients' sera.