gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structured illumination microscopy (2015)

Illumination plays an important role in optical microscopy. Köhler illumination, introduced more than a century ago, has been the backbone of optical microscopes. The last few decades have seen the evolution of new illumination techniques meant to improve certain imaging capabilities of the microscope. Most of them are, however, not amenable for wide-field observation and hence have restricted use in microscopy applications such as cell biology and microscale profile measurements. The method of structured illumination microscopy has been developed as a wide-field technique for achieving higher performance. Additionally, it is also compatible with existing microscopes. This method consists of modifying the illumination by superposing a well-defined pattern on either the sample itself or its image. Computational techniques are applied on the resultant images to remove the effect of the structure and to obtain the desired performance enhancement. This method has evolved over the last two decades and has emerged as a key illumination technique for optical sectioning, super-resolution imaging, surface profiling, and quantitative phase imaging of microscale objects in cell biology and engineering. In this review, we describe various structured illumination methods in optical microscopy and explain the principles and technologies involved therein.
Immunological cross-reactivity between olive and grass pollen: implication of major and minor allergens (2014)

No in vitro cross-reactivity was observed when sIgE was mainly directed to major allergens. In our population, sensitization to olive and grasses is not due to cross-reactivity. The contribution of the major allergens seems to be determinant.
Abstract 1918: A Fat1 Cadherin-Myocardin Regulatory Pathway Controls Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation and Neointimal Formation in Response to Vascular Injury (2009)

Data on 208 pregnancies occurring among 20,749 women following sterilization were collected by the International Fertility Research Program and the histories of these pregnancies from conception to termination were analyzed. In the laparoscopic series, the operator's failure to interrupt the tube by electrocoagulation or a tubal occlusion device was the major reason reported for sterilization failure. In the culdoscopic series, operator error or device deficiency were the major reasons for failure. About three quarters of pregnancies in this study were conceived within the first year following sterilization and were confirmed during the first trimester. The rate of ectopic pregnancy occurring in this series was higher than the rate reported for nonsterilized women and was especially high when electrocoagulation was used.
Advances in catheter-based ultrasound imaging Intracardiac Echocardiography and the ACUSON AcuNavTM Ultrasound Catheter (2006)

Conventional transthoracic and transesophageal ultrasound imaging often cannot satisfy imaging requirements for many advanced catheter-based interventional cardiac procedures due to restricted access to the anatomy. Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) can provide almost unrestricted access and has been shown to be very effective in accurately guiding interventional cardiac procedures by providing high quality visualization of intracardiac anatomy and intracardiac devices. ICE is steadily replacing transesophageal ultrasound as the preferred imaging tool for device guidance during atrial fibrillation treatment, valve repair and closure of atrial septal defects. This article provides a history of the ACUSON AcuNav™ Ultrasound Catheter, a discussion of key technologies employed and a review of the expanding range of clinical applications where ICE technology is utilized. We also discuss recent innovations in catheter-based ultrasound, such as three- dimensional (3D) tools for navigation and volume rendering, new imaging modalities like acoustic radiation force imaging (ARFI) and emerging applications for catheter-based ultrasound in the field of minimally invasive surgery.
The Sociological Study of Work (1983)

The slogan of the 1933 World Fair was 'Science Finds, Industry Applies, Man Conforms'. Within the social sciences the conceptualisation of the changing nature of work has often corresponded with this mechanistic notion. Scientists and technologists are seen as making independent discoveries which constantly renew the productive apparatus, while managers put the results to their most efficient use, and workers react and adapt to the changes. Meanwhile industrial sociologists theorise about the best combination of conditions for productivity, progress and harmonious relations.
Effectiveness of silver-impregnated central venous catheters for preventing catheter-related blood stream infections: a meta-analysis (2014)

Silver-impregnated CVCs are not associated with reduced rates of bacterial colonization or CRBSI.
Excitatory and modulatory effects of inflammatory cytokines and neurotrophins on mechanosensitive group IV muscle afferents in the rat (2005)

In inflamed tissue--including skeletal muscle--the concentrations of cytokines and neurotrophins are known to increase. However, nothing is known about a possible contribution of these agents to muscle pain and hyperalgesia. The present study investigated acute effects of cytokines and neurotrophins on response properties of slowly conducting muscle afferents. In anaesthetised rats, the impulse activity of single mechanosensitive group IV fibres innervating the gastrocnemius-soleus muscle was recorded and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), nerve growth factor (NGF), or brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were injected into the muscle. Changes in the mechanosensibility of the endings following administration of the agents were tested with repeated pressure stimuli of defined forces. A low mechanical threshold in the innocuous range was found in 44.4% of the units tested, 55.6% required strong, potentially tissue-damaging pressure stimuli for activation. NGF excited only units that had a high mechanical threshold, while IL-6 was a stimulant for low-threshold mechanosensitive units only. TNF-alpha and BDNF did not excite group IV units but had a desensitising action: after TNF-alpha or BDNF, the response magnitudes to pressure stimuli decreased significantly. The data indicate that cytokines and neurotrophins influence the impulse activity and mechanosensitivity of group IV muscle afferent units. These effects could be of functional significance when the agents are released from muscle cells under pathophysiological circumstances.
Investigation of heterogeneous computing through novel parallel programming platforms (2016)

The computational landscape is dominated by the use of a very high number of CPU resources; this has however provided diminishing returns in recent years, pushing for a paradigm shift in the choice for computational systems.\n\n\nThe following work was aimed at determining the maturity of heterogeneous computer systems in terms of computational performance and their possible integration within High-Performance Computing resources through the use of the OpenCL parallel programming platform.\n\n\nAn introduction is given in the existing hardware architectures targeted by the OpenCL platform, existing literature regarding the integration of heterogeneous systems for computational applications, and the OpenCL platform as a development environment.\n\n\nA number of applications are developed to benchmark the capabilities of the framework in multi-architecture environments, the results of which show up to 160 times performance gain when targeting GPU architectures, as opposed to CPU, for matrix multiplication algorithms.\n\n\nBased on this, an extensive test-bench is designed targeting the HTCondor resource pool for a Fast-Fourier Transform application. Results from these machines once again showed a significant performance increase against CPU systems, while also enabling the expansion of the HTCondor system and the uncovering of 30 Teraflops of dormant computing power.\n\n\nThe FPGA architecture is also investigated for its potential in OpenCL computational acceleration, with a focus on the platforms ease of use. It is determined that the framework is mature enough for FPGA application development.
Effect and Compensation of Symbol Timing Offset in OFDM Systems With Channel Interpolation (2008)

Symbol timing offset (STO) can result in intersymbol interference (ISI) and a rotated phase which value is proportional to the subcarrier index at the FFT output in an OFDM receiver. In order to avoid ISI, the FFT window start position has to be put in advance of the estimated point obtained by coarse STO estimation algorithms. But a large number of forward-shift samples will deteriorate the estimation of data subcarrier channels requiring interpolation from pilot subcarrier channels due to the phase rotation caused by a residual STO. In this paper we analyze the influence of STO on channel interpolation and propose a new compensation method for channel correction with STO. From the performance analysis of simulation results in the DVB-T application, the new algorithm not only has a better performance but also is attractive in using a simple residual STO estimation method such that few pilots are required for fine STO estimation compared to conventional approaches.
Phylogenomics and the Genetic Architecture of the Placental Mammal Radiation (2020)

The genomes of placental mammals are being sequenced at an unprecedented rate. Alignments of hundreds, and one day thousands, of genomes spanning the rich living and extinct diversity of species offer unparalleled power to resolve phylogenetic controversies, identify genomic innovations of adaptation, and dissect the genetic architecture of reproductive isolation. We highlight outstanding questions about the earliest phases of placental mammal diversification and the promise of newer methods, as well as remaining challenges, toward using whole genome data to resolve placental mammal phylogeny. The next phase of mammalian comparative genomics will see the completion and application of finished-quality, gapless genome assemblies from many ordinal lineages and closely related species. Interspecific comparisons between the most hypervariable genomic loci will likely reveal large, but heretofore mostly underappreciated, effects on population divergence, morphological innovation, and the origin of new species.
Detection of alarm sounds in noisy environments (2017)

Sirens and alarms play an important role in everyday life since they warn people of hazardous situations, even when these are out of sight. Automatic detection of this class of sounds can help hearing impaired or distracted people, e.g., on the road, and contribute to their independence and safety. In this paper, we present a technique for the detection of alarm sounds in noisy environments. The technique is not limited to particular alarms and can detect most electronically generated alerting sounds within 200 ms. We consider a set of acoustic features and use the ReliefF algorithm to select only the ones that best differentiate between alarms and other sounds. We use an SVM classifier as the detector. On the tested dataset, consisting of several dozen alarm sounds and several dozen background noises, the proposed technique shows an accuracy of 98% per audio frame. With a larger training dataset, this result is expected to substantially improve.
Quantitative visualization of biological data in <scp>G</scp>oogle <scp>E</scp>arth using <scp>R</scp>2<scp>G</scp>2, an <scp>R CRAN</scp> package (2012)

Abstract We briefly introduce R 2 G 2, an R CRAN package to visualize spatially explicit biological data within the Google Earth interface. Our package combines a collection of basic graph‐editing features, including automated placement of dots, segments, polygons, images (including graphs produced with R), along with several complex three‐dimensional (3D) representations such as phylogenies, histograms and pie charts. We briefly present some example data sets and show the immediate benefits in communication gained from using the Google Earth interface to visually explore biological results. The package is distributed with detailed help pages providing examples and annotated source scripts with the hope that users will have an easy time using and further developing this package. R 2 G 2 is distributed on http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages .
Precipitation of Iron and Aluminum Phosphates Directly from Aqueous Solution as a Function of Temperature from 50 to 200 °C (2009)

The nucleation and crystallization of Al and Fe phosphate phases directly from aqueous solutions were investigated experimentally in batch reactors at 50 to 200 °C and pH 1.6. The mineralogy, elemental composition, and morphology of the formed solids were characterized by X-ray diffraction, spectroscopy, and high-resolution microscopic techniques. The corresponding dissolved aqueous Al, Fe, and P concentrations were analyzed by spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques. In all experiments Al and Fe phosphate phases readily precipitate from supersaturated solutions. Precipitation is initiated by the nucleation and growth of amorphous Al or Fe phosphate precursors. These crystallize at T = 100 °C to either variscite and metavariscite or strengite and phosphosiderite, respectively. At T ≥ 150 °C, these Al and Fe amorphous phases recrystallize to either berlinite or ferric giniite, respectively. The composition of the aqueous solution in all cases evolves rapidly to near saturation with respect to variscite and strengite. These observations suggest that Al and Fe phosphates may be critical to limiting aqueous phosphate availability in many natural environments.
How Telomeres Solve the End-Protection Problem (2009)

The ends of eukaryotic chromosomes have the potential to be mistaken for damaged or broken DNA and must therefore be protected from cellular DNA damage response pathways. Otherwise, cells might permanently arrest in the cell cycle, and attempts to "repair" the chromosome ends would have devastating consequences for genome integrity. This end-protection problem is solved by protein-DNA complexes called telomeres. Studies of mammalian cells have recently uncovered the mechanism by which telomeres disguise the chromosome ends. Comparison to unicellular eukaryotes reveals key differences in the DNA damage response systems that inadvertently threaten chromosome ends. Telomeres appear to be tailored to these variations, explaining their variable structure and composition.
Absolute lymphocytopenia as a diagnostic aid in bronchogenic carcinoma. (1994)

Total lymphocyte count and lymphocyte percentage were calculated in a group of 26 patients of Bronchogenic carcinoma and compared with the values in 22 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. Patients of Bronchogenic carcinoma had a significant lymphocytopenia as compared to patients of tuberculosis. It is inferred that this peripheral lymphocytopenia can be used as a possible diagnostic pointer in patients of Bronchogenic carcinoma.
Aufarbeitung von Fermentationsprodukten (1980)

Abstract Recovery of fermentation products . Microbiological production of chemical products involves culturing of suitable microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, yeasts). The recovery or work‐up procedure employed to isolate cellular material or active components (such as secondary metabolites) depends upon whether the substances are present in the aqueous phase, in the cells, or in both. Many products are sensitive (thermolabile, pH changes) and therefore require mild recovery conditions. This article considers, from an industrial viewpoint, the principal physical and chemical recovery methods (and some combinations), special requirements and operation modes of equipment, performance and consumption data, an assessment of various recovery methods, as well as development trends, future requirements, and desirable studies. Production of foods, tissue cultures, and methods of a purely preparative nature are not considered.
Robust Weighted Graph Transformation Matching for Rigid and Nonrigid Image Registration (2012)

This paper presents an automatic point matching algorithm for establishing accurate match correspondences in two or more images. The proposed algorithm utilizes a group of feature points to explore their geometrical relationship in a graph arrangement. The algorithm starts with a set of matches (including outliers) between the two images. A set of nondirectional graphs is then generated for each feature and its K nearest matches (chosen from the initial set). Using the angular distances between edges that connect a feature point to its K nearest neighbors in the graph, the algorithm finds a graph in the second image that is similar to the first graph. In the case of a graph including outliers, the algorithm removes such outliers (one by one, according to their strength) from the graph and re-evaluates the angles until the two graphs are matched or discarded. This is a simple intuitive and robust algorithm that is inspired by a previous work. Experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of this algorithm under various conditions, such as rigid and nonrigid transformations, ambiguity due to partial occlusions or match correspondence multiplicity, scale, and larger view variation.
Splice: a new analytical network analysis software (2002)

Splice is an analytical electrical circuit analysis program that operates under the Windows operating system. Splice is the only commercially available software that will perform this type of analysis. A description of the features found in Splice 1.0 and examples to illustrate them is presented. Splice is easy to use and works with the netlist file of the MicroSim Corporation PSpice simulator. The user adds special "analysis symbols" to the circuit schematic which instruct Splice to perform a specific type of analysis. The analysis symbols are transparent to PSpice, giving the user the option to simulate the network at any time. Splice is powered by the Waterloo Maple algebraic engine and can analyze many types of linear electrical networks consisting of inductors, capacitors, resistors, transformers, transistors, operational amplifiers and all types of AC and DC current and voltage sources. Splice can perform branch current, nodal voltage, Thevenin reduction, transfer function and two-port reduction analysis, with options for component substitutions, pole and zero calculations, sinusoidal steady-state analysis and time-domain result calculations. Splice cannot solve networks with nonlinear components, but it can reduce the linear network surrounding a nonlinear element, allowing the user to attempt an analytical solution. From computer-assisted homework to in-depth circuit analysis, Splice provides for better, more insightful linear electrical network analysis.
Confidence intervals for an effect size measure based on the Mann–Whitney statistic. Part 2: asymptotic methods and evaluation (2005)

Several asymptotic confidence interval methods for U/mn, the Mann-Whitney U statistic divided by the product of the two sample sizes, are developed and evaluated alongside published methods. Novel methods derived from Gaussian and beta models perform well, though overall a modification of the Hanley-McNeil approach (method 5 in this evaluation) performed better and is recommended for calculating confidence intervals for U/mn for continuously distributed data.
Assessment of intramyocardial hemorrhage with dark-blood T2*-weighted cardiovascular magnetic resonance (2021)

While IMH can be visible on dark-blood T2*-weighted CMR, the overall conspicuity of IMH is significantly reduced compared to that observed in bright-blood T2*-weighted images, across infarct age in clinical and preclinical settings at 1.5 and 3 T. Hence, bright-blood T2*-weighted CMR would be preferable for clinical use since dark-blood T2*-weighted CMR carries the potential to misclassify hemorrhagic MIs as non-hemorrhagic MIs.
A high-Q reconfigurable planar EBG cavity resonator (2001)

A reconfigurable planar electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) cavity resonator has been designed, fabricated, and tested. The resonator, based on a microstrip-coupled cavity constructed with periodic metallic post side walls, resonates at 10.60 GHz or 8.63 GHz, depending on the state of two rows of switchable post elements. Fabricated on 0.031 inch 5880 Duroid, the resonator exhibits Qs of 348 and 274 for the 10.60 GHz and 8.63 GHz resonances, respectively. In addition to the reasonably high Qs achievable with this design, the circuit utilizes standard printed circuit board (PCB) fabrication techniques and is 100% compatible with commercial PCB processes, enabling low-cost mass production.
Changing Outlook for Rechargeable Batteries (2016)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEViewpointNEXTChanging Outlook for Rechargeable BatteriesJohn B. Goodenough*View Author Information Materials Science Program, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: ACS Catal. 2017, 7, 2, 1132–1135Publication Date (Web):December 20, 2016Publication History Received1 November 2016Published online9 January 2017Published inissue 3 February 2017https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acscatal.6b03110https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.6b03110editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2016 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views5371Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (224 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Batteries,Cations,Electrochemical cells,Electrodes,Electrolytes Get e-Alerts
Parallel Machine Scheduling In A Flexible Manufacturing System (2001)

We consider the problem of assigning parts and tools on a Flexible Manufacturing System composed by W identical parallel workstations, so that the workload of the workstations is well balanced. The goal is to minimize the total number of tools needed on all workstations, including multiple copies, if any. We give a mixed integer programming formulation of this problem and a branch and cut procedure to solve it. Several computational experiences have been carried out in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed procedure.