gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Highly concentrated aqueous SiC slurry containing fine SiC powder: A new approach for ultra‐dense green body (2019)

Abstract SiC slurry with ultra‐high concentration up to 70 vol% was prepared using oxidized fine and coarse SiC powder mixture, and dense SiC green body with a relative density of 76% was fabricated by drying the slurry at ambient condition. Three approaches were performed to prepare highly concentrated SiC slurry; preparation of SiC powder having good dispersion behavior, optimization of the oxidation condition, and optimization of bi‐modal particle size distribution. An aqueous slurry with the solid loading up to 62 vol% could be prepared using fine (150 nm) SiC powder prepared by the mechanical alloying of Si and carbon. The surface property of the fine and coarse (10 μm) SiC powders was optimized using an oxidation treatment. The maximum solid loading of the fine SiC slurry prepared using oxidized powder was 66 vol%. By optimizing the mixing ratio of the oxidized fine and coarse SiC powder to 75:25, the solid loading of the SiC slurry could increase up to 70 vol%. The relative densities of the green bodies after drying 66, 68, and 70 vol% slurries were 69, 75.7, and 76.1%, respectively, which values were higher than those (58%) prepared by cold isostatic pressing under 200 MPa.
[Ni(P<sup>Ph</sup><sub>2</sub>N<sup>C6H4X</sup><sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>2+</sup> Complexes as Electrocatalysts for H<sub>2</sub> Production: Effect of Substituents, Acids, and Water on Catalytic Rates (2011)

A series of mononuclear nickel(II) bis(diphosphine) complexes [Ni(P(Ph)(2)N(C6H4X)(2))(2)](BF(4))(2) (P(Ph)(2)N(C6H4X)(2) = 1,5-di(para-X-phenyl)-3,7-diphenyl-1,5-diaza-3,7-diphosphacyclooctane; X = OMe, Me, CH(2)P(O)(OEt)(2), Br, and CF(3)) have been synthesized and characterized. X-ray diffraction studies reveal that [Ni(P(Ph)(2)N(C6H4Me)(2))(2)](BF(4))(2) and [Ni(P(Ph)(2)N(C6H4OMe)(2))(2)](BF(4))(2) are tetracoordinate with distorted square planar geometries. The Ni(II/I) and Ni(I/0) redox couples of each complex are electrochemically reversible in acetonitrile with potentials that are increasingly cathodic as the electron-donating character of X is increased. Each of these complexes is an efficient electrocatalyst for hydrogen production at the potential of the Ni(II/I) couple. The catalytic rates generally increase as the electron-donating character of X is decreased, and this electronic effect results in the favorable but unusual situation of obtaining higher catalytic rates as overpotentials are decreased. Catalytic studies using acids with a range of pK(a) values reveal that turnover frequencies do not correlate with substrate acid pK(a) values but are highly dependent on the acid structure, with this effect being related to substrate size. Addition of water is shown to dramatically increase catalytic rates for all catalysts. With [Ni(P(Ph)(2)N(C6H4CH2P(O)(OEt)2)(2))(2)](BF(4))(2) using [(DMF)H](+)OTf(-) as the acid and with added water, a turnover frequency of 1850 s(-1) was obtained.
Improving the Structural Control of Graft Copolymers. Copolymerization of Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Macromonomer with Methyl Methacrylate Using RAFT Polymerization (2001)

Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer was applied to the copolymerization of methyl methacrylate and a methacrylate-terminated poly-(dimethylsiloxane) macromonomer (PDMS-MA). The relative reactivity of PDMS-MA (1/rMMA) was higher than in the conventional radical copolymerization and similar to that in the atom transfer radical copolymerization. The obtained graft copolymers had much lower polydispersities than those obtained in the conventional radical systems.
Novel vapor pump applied to the synthesis of diboron tetrachloride (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel vapor pump applied to the synthesis of diboron tetrachlorideJames P. BrennanCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1974, 13, 2, 490–491Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50132a058https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50132a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views33Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Heterocycles derived from dimethyldithioimidocarbonates of thiadiazole and thiazole (2006)

A set of imidazolidine, benzimidazole, benzothiazole and benzoxazole derivatives of 1,3,4-thiadiazoles and thiazoles were prepared from corresponding dimethyldithioimidocarbonates by the reaction with various binucleophiles. The structures of the compounds were elucidated and they were screened for antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv using the BACTEC 460 radiometric system and antibacterial activity against E. coli and B. cirrhosis, antifungal activity against A. niger and P. worthmanni.
Elevated diaphragm electromyogram during neonatal hypoxic ventilatory depression (1985)

Diaphragmatic electromyogram (EMG) was obtained in eight 48-h-old unanesthetized monkeys while breathing air and then either of two different hypoxic gas mixtures (12 or 8% O2 in N2) for 5 min. Minute ventilation (VI) rose significantly above control levels by 1 min of hypoxemia while animals were breathing either of the hypoxic gas mixtures as tidal volume (VT) and slope and rate moving average EMG increased. The relative gains in VI were associated with comparable increases in diaphragmatic neural activity per minute (EMG/min = peak EMG X frequency) during this early phase of hypoxemia. VI subsequently fell to control levels (inspired O2 fraction = 12%, arterial PO2 = 23 +/- 3 Torr) or significantly below (inspired O2 fraction = 8%, arterial PO2 = 18 +/- 0.4 Torr) by 5 min of hypoxemia, secondary to changes in VT. Despite the decline in VI, slope and rate moving average EMG, and EMG/min remained statistically above control values by 5 min of hypoxemia, although there was a trend for EMG/min to decrease slightly from the 1-min peak response. These findings demonstrate that hypoxic-induced depression of neural input to the diaphragm is not independently responsible for the biphasic nature of the newborn ventilatory response, although it cannot be ruled out as a contributor. The fall in inspiratory volumes despite constant elevated EMG activity suggests the presence of a change in respiratory mechanics and/or an impairment in diaphragmatic contractile function without offsetting neural compensatory activity.
An ASK demodulator in CMOS technology (1998)

The design of a binary ASK noncoherent demodulator circuit in CMOS technology is described. It will be used to decode an ASK signal carrying information from an external programming device to an implantable cardiac pacemaker. The cell, currently being fabricated, has a core die area of 0.29mm 2 on a 2.4μm standard CMOS technology with 0.85V nominal threshold voltage. We review the characteristics of the signal and the specifications for the circuit. A non-standard topology is proposed, allowing the circuit to be fully integrated, thus, lowering the component count of the system and increasing reliability. We detail the design to the transistor level with special consideration to the limitations associated with low supply voltage. We emphasize the careful sizing, using the (g m/ID) method, of transistors operating in the weak and moderate inversion regions. This allowed to lower the gate-source and saturation voltages, achieving operation for 2V even in the worst case condition of 1V maximum threshold voltage and 5 μA current consumption. We present simulation results and the cell layout for the proposed circuit and an alternative design. Finally, we draw some conclusions.
Expression of Cyclic AMP-Receptor (cARP) Proteins by Fibroblasts in Culture: Effects of Mechanical Disruption (2003)

Journal Article Expression of Cyclic AMP-Receptor (cARP) Proteins by Fibroblasts in Culture: Effects of Mechanical Disruption Get access John Aghajanian, John Aghajanian University of Connecticut Health Center, Central Electron Microscope Facility, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington CT, 06030 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Arthur Hand, Arthur Hand University of Connecticut Health Center, Central Electron Microscope Facility, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington CT, 06030 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Scott Genutis, Scott Genutis University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Dentistry, 801 S. Paulina St., Chicago IL 60302 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Walter Tatch, Walter Tatch University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Dentistry, 801 S. Paulina St., Chicago IL 60302 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Maija Mednieks Maija Mednieks University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Dentistry, 801 S. Paulina St., Chicago IL 60302 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 9, Issue S02, 1 August 2003, Pages 1386–1387, https://doi.org/10.1017/S143192760344693X Published: 18 July 2003
Phosphorescent chemosensors based on heavy-metal complexes (2010)

Recently, the use of phosphorescent heavy-metal complexes as chemosensors has attracted increasing interest due to their advantageous photophysical properties. This critical review focuses on the design principles and the recent development of phosphorescent chemosensors for metal cations, anions, pH, oxygen, volatile organic compounds and biomolecules based on some heavy-metal complexes (such as Pt(II)-, Ru(II)-, Re(I)-, Ir(III)-, Cu(I)-, Au(I)- and Os(II)-based complexes), in which the variation in phosphorescence signals induced by the interaction between heavy-metal complexes and analytes is utilized (217 references).
Gas cluster ion beam processing for improved self aligned contact yield at 7 nm node FinFET: MJ: MOL and junction interfaces (2018)

Self-aligned contact (SAC) is required for 7 nm node to reduce susceptibility of contact-to-gate short failures. This requires forming a SAC cap on metal-recessed gate. The SAC cap formation is usually achieved by removing nitride on the field by planarization techniques such CMP (chemical mechanical polishing) or GCIB (gas cluster ion beam) processes. Significant gate stack height variation can be observed lot-to-lot and wafer-to-wafer due to accumulated variations from multiple steps, including several CMP steps, before the SAC cap module, especially during early research and development prior to full optimization of the steps before the SAC cap module. GCIB potentially offers a method by which the early development stage variation due to CMP steps can be reduced, allowing integration and device learning during the early stages of a program. This study shows a comparison of SAC cap formation by CMP only vs. GCIB with integrated metrology enabled location specific processing. By using GCIB with feed-forward scatterometry measurements taken from a 2D measurement pad we have been able to significantly improve both lot-to-lot and wafer-to-wafer variation on early development wafers. This has led to improvement in within wafer SAC cap thickness non-uniformity, wafer to wafer and lot to lot device yield for gate-contact over a CMP-only process flow.
Limitations in Number of WDM Channels When Using Dispersion Management and Mid-Span Phase Conjugation (1995)

Chromatic dispersion is one of the limiting factors in high-bit-rate, long-distance optical communication systems. For single-channel transmission, this effect can be made negligible by placing the signal very close to the zero-dispersion point.
Trends in stage‐specific incidence rates for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder in the United States: 1988 to 2006 (2013)

The findings of the current study should motivate further epidemiological investigations of differential associations of genetic and environmental factors with different bladder cancer phenotypes as well as further scrutiny of clinical practice guideline recommendations for the growing subgroup of predominantly older patients with lower-risk disease.
The use of the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist mifepristone in Cushing's syndrome (2012)

High clinical efficacy of mifepristone is counterbalanced by the lack of available biological monitoring data during treatment, and the risk of worsening of hypokalemia and blood pressure levels. However, its rapid efficacy and the fact that the drug uses a mechanism that is different from all currently available treatment should make mifepristone a valuable treatment in particular cases of uncontrolled hypercortisolism despite classical methods.
A new role of curcumin: as a multicolor photoinitiator for polymer fabrication under household UV to red LED bulbs (2015)

Curcumin can act as a multicolor photoinitiator in free radical photopolymerization under air upon exposure to household LED bulbs.
GAIN SPECTRUM FLATTENING OF ERBIUM-DOPED FIBER AMPLIFIER USING TAPERED FIBER FILTER (1995)

Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers with broad and flat gain spectrum are very promising in long-haul telecommunications with WDM and analog video transmission systems. The most broad and smooth gain spectrum can be achieved by incorporating a high quantity of aluminum into a glass-host matrix of EDF [1]. However, in case of a small input signal regime in high gain 980 nm-pumped EDF A, the difference between the gain near the peak of 1532 nm and the gain at long wavelength region is still as high as 8-12 dB.
Voice traffic bicasting enhancements in mobile HSPA network (2014)

This paper discusses methods for improving the effectiveness of delivering voice traffic over High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) network by employing transmission diversity with Single-Frequency Dual-Cell (SF-DC) Aggregation that is part of the Multiflow specification. SF-DC Aggregation allows the user to be served at the same time by two different cells. The enhancements discussed in the paper capitalize strongly on the availability of the composed Channel Quality Indication (CQI) feedback at both serving cells. According to the results obtained from the network simulations, the ability to select the better channel for each voice transmission significantly decreases the required transmission power of the cell, thus also improving the residual cell capacity available for best effort (BE) traffic. The required updates are completely software-based and are applied only in the access network, making them transparent to user terminal.
Levels of systemic metal ions in patients with intramedullary nails (2008)

Stainless steel implants show significant differences from titanium implants in the dissemination of metal ions. Although the levels of chromium were elevated, the overall levels were modest when compared to published data regarding metal ion release and hip arthroplasty. Intramedullary nails are, however, often used in younger patients. If not removed, they may result in prolonged exposure to metal ions.
Similarity-Based Models of Word Cooccurrence Probabilities (1998)

In many applications of natural language processing (NLP) it is necessary to determine the likelihood of a given word combination. For example, a speech recognizer may need to determine which of the two word combinations ``eat a peach'' and ``eat a beach'' is more likely. Statistical NLP methods determine the likelihood of a word combination from its frequency in a training corpus. However, the nature of language is such that many word combinations are infrequent and do not occur in any given corpus. In this work we propose a method for estimating the probability of such previously unseen word combinations using available information on ``most similar'' words. We describe probabilistic word association models based on distributional word similarity, and apply them to two tasks, language modeling and pseudo-word disambiguation. In the language modeling task, a similarity-based model is used to improve probability estimates for unseen bigrams in a back-off language model. The similarity-based method yields a 20% perplexity improvement in the prediction of unseen bigrams and statistically significant reductions in speech-recognition error. We also compare four similarity-based estimation methods against back-off and maximum-likelihood estimation methods on a pseudo-word sense disambiguation task in which we controlled for both unigram and bigram frequency to avoid giving too much weight to easy-to-disambiguate high-frequency configurations. The similarity-based methods perform up to 40% better on this particular task.
Low-Dose Methotrexate Enhances Aminolevulinate-Based Photodynamic Therapy in Skin Carcinoma Cells <i>In vitro</i> and <i>In vivo</i> (2009)

Combination therapy using short-term exposure to low-dose methotrexate followed by ALA-PDT should be further investigated as a new combination modality to enhance efficacy and selectivity of PDT for epithelial carcinomas.
A Clinically Applicable Positive Allosteric Modulator of GABA Receptors Promotes Human <i>β</i>-Cell Replication and Survival as well as GABA’s Ability to Inhibit Inflammatory T Cells (2019)

A major goal of T1D research is to develop new approaches to increase <i>β</i>-cell mass and control autoreactive T cell responses. GABA<sub>A</sub>-receptors (GABA<sub>A</sub>-Rs) are promising drug targets in both those regards due to their abilities to promote <i>β</i>-cell replication and survival, as well as inhibit autoreactive T cell responses. We previously showed that positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of GABA<sub>A</sub>-Rs could promote rat <i>β</i>-cell line INS-1 and human islet cell replication <i>in vitro</i>. Here, we assessed whether treatment with alprazolam, a widely prescribed GABA<sub>A</sub>-R PAM, could promote <i>β</i>-cell survival and replication in human islets after implantation into NOD/scid mice. We observed that alprazolam treatment significantly reduced human islet cell apoptosis following transplantation and increased <i>β</i>-cell replication in the xenografts. Evidently, the GABA<sub>A</sub>-R PAM works in conjunction with GABA secreted from <i>β</i>-cells to increase <i>β</i>-cell survival and replication. Treatment with both the PAM and GABA further enhanced human <i>β</i>-cell replication. Alprazolam also augmented the ability of suboptimal doses of GABA to inhibit antigen-specific T cell responses <i>in vitro</i>. Thus, combined GABA<sub>A</sub>-R agonist and PAM treatment may help control inflammatory immune responses using reduced drug dosages. Together, these findings suggest that GABA<sub>A</sub>-R PAMs represent a promising drug class for safely modulating islet cells toward beneficial outcomes to help prevent or reverse T1D and, together with a GABA<sub>A</sub>-R agonist, may have broader applications for ameliorating other disorders in which inflammation contributes to the disease process.
Volume-Activated Chloride Currents Contribute to the Resting Conductance and Invasive Migration of Human Glioma Cells (2001)

We used an in vitro model for glioma cell invasion (transwell migration assay) and patch-clamp techniques to investigate the role of volume-activated Cl(-) currents (I(Cl,Vol)) in glioma cell invasion. Hypotonic solutions ( approximately 230 mOsm) activated outwardly rectifying currents that reversed near the equilibrium potential for Cl(-) ions (E(Cl)). These currents (I(Cl,Vol)) were sensitive to several known Cl(-) channel inhibitors, including DIDS, tamoxifen, and 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)-benzoate (NPPB). The IC(50) for NPPB inhibition of I(Cl,Vol) was 21 microm. Under isotonic conditions, NPPB (165 microm) blocked inward currents (at -40 mV) and increased input resistance in both standard whole-cell recordings and amphotericin perforated-patch recordings. Reducing [Cl(-)](o) under isotonic conditions positively shifted the reversal potential of whole-cell currents. These findings suggest a significant resting Cl(-) conductance in glioma cells. Under isotonic and hypotonic conditions, Cl(-) channels displayed voltage- and time-dependent inactivation and had an I(-) > Cl(-) permeability. To assess the potential role of these channels in cell migration, we studied the chemotactic migration of glioma cells toward laminin or vitronectin in a Boyden chamber containing transwell filters with 8 microm pores. Inhibition of I(Cl,Vol) with NPPB reduced chemotactic migration in a dose-dependent fashion with an IC(50) of 27 microm. Time-lapse video microscopy during patch-clamp recordings revealed visible changes in cell shape and/or movement that accompanied spontaneous activation of I(Cl,Vol), suggesting that I(Cl,Vol) is activated during cell movement, consistent with the effects of NPPB in migration assays. We propose that I(Cl,Vol) contributes to cell shape and volume changes required for glioma cell migration through brain tissue.
Thoracic Pedicle Screw Instrumentation Using the “Funnel Technique” (2002)

This study is a retrospective review of the clinical results of patients treated with thoracic pedicle screws using the "funnel technique." The objective is to report the clinical results of patients treated with thoracic pedicle screws using the funnel technique for screw placement. A total of 115 patients treated with the use of at least one thoracic pedicle screw were retrospectively identified. All patients were treated at a single medical center, under the senior author's supervision. Twenty-five different residents were responsible for placing 50-60% of these screws, and five different fellows and the senior author placed the remainder. The accuracy of screw placement and the complications related to the use of thoracic pedicle screws were analyzed by assessing intraoperative and postoperative charts and radiographs. There were 115 patients (age range 9-82 years) with the average follow-up period of 17 months. The total number of screws used was 348; the screw diameter ranged from 4.0 to 7.75 mm. There were no vascular or pulmonary complications. There was no iatrogenic neurologic injury, except for one patient who developed a transient anterior thigh numbness from intraoperative positioning. In fracture patients, 35% (10 of 28) had documented neurologic improvement postoperatively. There were no obviously misplaced pedicle screws on detailed review of intraoperative and postoperative radiographs. No screws had to be electively removed for complications related to misplacement. There were four broken screws, one broken rod, two loose screws, and three connector disengagements. Two patients had deep infections and four patients had pseudarthrosis requiring additional surgery. The clinical results proved that thoracic pedicle screws can be safely placed with the funnel technique.