gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adaptive IQ Mismatch Compensation in Time-Domain Using Frequency-Domain Observations (2021)

The imbalance between in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) branches of quadrature down-conversion receivers creates interference between the mirror frequencies in baseband. We introduce two new adaptive algorithms for compensating frequency-dependent IQ imbalance in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. The proposed algorithms utilize frequency-domain observations to update filter weights of a time-domain IQ mismatch compensator (IQMC) based on a mini-batch gradient descent search approach. The update rule in the first algorithm is based on the kurtosis criterion, which is a blind adaptation method. The second algorithm is based on minimizing the Euclidean distance (ED) between the frequency-domain impaired signal and the known received reference signal, which is a pilot-aided method. A low-complexity method is introduced to obtain the gradient of cost functions that are only based on the IQMC coefficients and the frequency-domain observations. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms reduce IQ imbalance considerably. The proposed adaptation schemes outperform conventional time-domain IQMC schemes in high signal-to-noise ratio region and also use a much smaller number of adaptation parameters than the previous frequency-domain IQMC methods.
Bayesian ACRONYM Tuning (2019)

We provide an algorithm that uses Bayesian randomized benchmarking in concert with a local optimizer, such as SPSA, to find a set of controls that optimizes that average gate fidelity. We call this method Bayesian ACRONYM tuning as a reference to the analogous ACRONYM tuning algorithm. Bayesian ACRONYM distinguishes itself in its ability to retain prior information from experiments that use nearby control parameters; whereas traditional ACRONYM tuning does not use such information and can require many more measurements as a result. We prove that such information reuse is possible under the relatively weak assumption that the true model parameters are Lipshitz-continuous functions of the control parameters. We also perform numerical experiments that demonstrate that over-rotation errors in single qubit gates can be automatically tuned from 88% to 99.95% average gate fidelity using less than 1kB of data and fewer than 20 steps of the optimizer.
Total Synthesis of (3<i>R</i>,3′<i>R</i>,6′<i>R</i>)-Lutein and Its Stereoisomers (2009)

(3R,3'R,6'R)-lutein (1) is a major dietary carotenoid that is abundant in most fruits and vegetables commonly consumed in the U.S. and that accumulates in the human plasma, major organs, and ocular tissues. Numerous epidemiological and experimental studies have shown that 1 has important biological activities and may play an important role in the prevention of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). While the total synthesis of 1 has been previously reported in a poor overall yield, the total synthesis of the other seven stereoisomers of lutein has not yet been accomplished. We have developed a relatively straightforward methodology for the total synthesis of 1 and three of its stereoisomers, (3R,3'S,6'S)-lutein (2), (3R,3'S,6'R)-lutein or 3'-epilutein (3), and (3R,3'R,6'S)-lutein (4) by C(15) + C(10) + C(15) Wittig coupling reactions. Employing this methodology, the other four stereoisomers of lutein that are enantiomeric to the aforementioned lutein isomers can be similarly prepared. One of the important features of this strategy is its application to the total synthesis of (13)C-labeled luteins and their metabolites with appropriate stereochemistry for metabolic studies in animals and humans. This synthesis also provides access to the C(15)-precursors of optically active carotenoids with a 3-hydroxy-epsilon end group that are otherwise difficult to synthesize.
Turbine-Driven Pipe-Cleaning Brush (1994)

Simple pipe-cleaning device includes small turbine wheel axially connected, by standoff, to circular brush. Turbine wheel turns on hub bearing attached to end of upstream cable. Turbine-and-brush assembly inserted in pipe with cable trailing upstream and brush facing downstream. Water or cleaning solution pumped through pipe. Cable held at upstream end, so it holds turbine and brush in pipe at location to be cleaned. Flow in pipe turns turbine, which turns wheel, producing desired cleaning action. In addition to brushing action, device provides even mixing of cleaning solution in pipe.
A hardware-software co-simulator for embedded system design and debugging (2002)

One of the interesting problems in hardware-software co-design is that of debugging embedded software in conjunction with hardware. Currently, most software designers wait until a working hardware prototype is available before debugging software. Bugs discovered in hardware during the software debugging phase require re-design and re-fabrication, thereby not only delaying the project but also increasing cost. It also puts software debugging on hold until a new hardware prototype is available. In this paper we describe a hardware-software co-simulator that can be used in the design, debugging and verification of embedded systems. This tool contains simulators for different parts of the system and a backplane which is used to integrate the simulators. This enables us to simulate hardware, software and their interaction efficiently. We also address the problem of simulation speed. Currently, the more accurate (in terms of timing) the models used, the longer it takes to simulate a system. Our main contribution is a set of techniques to speed up simulation of processors and peripherals without significant loss in timing accuracy. Finally, we describe applications used to test the co-simulator and our experience in using it.
Eye Drop Adherence With an Eye Drop Bottle Cap Monitor (2022)

The D3 can measure eye drop adherence. Research subjects reported high satisfaction and willingness to pay for an eye drop bottle cap monitor. Glaucoma patients have high adherence when they are being monitored, and future studies with research subjects screened for poor adherence may further determine the benefit of electronic monitoring of adherence with and without electronic reminders.
Bioabsorbable polymers: Materials technology and surgical applications (1998)

Biostable and bioabsorbable biomaterials are used to manufacture implants for supporting, replacement, augmentation and guiding of growth of tissues. Bioabsorbable implants are a better choice for applications where only the temporary presence of the implant is needed. Because of bioabsorption of such implants, there is no need for a removal operation after healing of the tissue and the risks of implant related, long-term complications are eliminated or strongly reduced. Reinforcing of bioabsorbable materials is necessary in order to develop strong and safe, small implants for fixation of bone fractures and connective tissue damage. Self-reinforced bioabsorbable polymeric implants have been used so far extensively in the treatment of traumas of the musculoskeletal system.
Fast principal component pursuit via alternating minimization (2013)

We propose a simple alternating minimization algorithm for solving a minor variation on the original Principal Component Pursuit (PCP) functional. In computational experiments in the video background modeling problem, the proposed algorithm is able to deliver a consistent sparse approximation even after the first outer loop, (taking approximately 12 seconds for a 640 × 480 × 400 color test video) which is approximately an order of magnitude faster than Inexact ALM to construct a sparse component of the same quality.
Down‐regulation of crambe fatty acid desaturase and elongase in Arabidopsis and crambe resulted in significantly increased oleic acid content in seed oil (2015)

High oleic oil is an important industrial feedstock that has been one of the main targets for oil improvement in a number of oil crops. Crambe (Crambe abyssinica) is a dedicated oilseed crop, suitable for industrial oil production. In this study, we down-regulated the crambe fatty acid desaturase (FAD) and fatty acid elongase (FAE) genes for creating high oleic seed oil. We first cloned the crambe CaFAD2, CaFAD3 and CaFAE1 genes. Multiple copies of each of these genes were isolated, and the highly homologous sequences were used to make RNAi constructs. These constructs were first tested in Arabidopsis, which led to the elevated oleic or linoleic levels depending on the genes targeted, indicating that the RNAi constructs were effective in regulating the expression of the target genes in nonidentical but closely related species. Furthermore, down-regulation of CaFAD2 and CaFAE1 in crambe with the FAD2-FAE1 RNAi vector resulted in even more significant increase in oleic acid level in the seed oil with up to 80% compared to 13% for wild type. The high oleic trait has been stable in subsequent five generations and the GM line grew normally in greenhouse. This work has demonstrated the great potential of producing high oleic oil in crambe, thus contributing to its development into an oil crop platform for industrial oil production.
Palmprint Recognition Using 3-D Information (2009)

Palmprint has proved to be one of the most unique and stable biometric characteristics. Almost all the current palmprint recognition techniques capture the 2-D image of the palm surface and use it for feature extraction and matching. Although 2-D palmprint recognition can achieve high accuracy, the 2-D palmprint images can be counterfeited easily and much 3-D depth information is lost in the imaging process. This paper explores a 3-D palmprint recognition approach by exploiting the 3-D structural information of the palm surface. The structured light imaging is used to acquire the 3-D palmprint data, from which several types of unique features, including mean curvature image, Gaussian curvature image, and surface type, are extracted. A fast feature matching and score-level fusion strategy are proposed for palmprint matching and classification. With the established 3-D palmprint database, a series of verification and identification experiments is conducted to evaluate the proposed method. The results demonstrate that 3-D palmprint technique has high recognition performance. Although its recognition rate is a little lower than 2-D palmprint recognition, 3-D palmprint recognition has higher anticounterfeiting capability and is more robust to illumination variations and serious scrabbling in the palm surface. Meanwhile, by fusing the 2-D and 3-D palmprint information, much higher recognition rate can be achieved.
Coherent and incoherent ultrasound backscatter from cell aggregates (2016)

The effective medium theory (EMT) was recently developed to model the ultrasound backscatter from aggregating red blood cells [Franceschini, Metzger, and Cloutier, IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control 58, 2668-2679 (2011)]. The EMT assumes that aggregates can be treated as homogeneous effective scatterers, which have effective properties determined by the aggregate compactness and the acoustical characteristics of the cells and the surrounding medium. In this study, the EMT is further developed to decompose the differential backscattering cross section of a single cell aggregate into coherent and incoherent components. The coherent component corresponds to the squared norm of the average scattering amplitude from the effective scatterer, and the incoherent component considers the variance of the scattering amplitude (i.e., the mean squared norm of the fluctuation of the scattering amplitude around its mean) within the effective scatterer. A theoretical expression for the incoherent component based on the structure factor is proposed and compared with another formulation based on the Gaussian direct correlation function. This theoretical improvement is assessed using computer simulations of ultrasound backscatter from aggregating cells. The consideration of the incoherent component based on the structure factor allows us to approximate the simulations satisfactorily for a product of the wavenumber times the aggregate radius kr<sub>ag</sub> around 2.
On Coded Modulation for Optical Transmission: Invited Tutorial, OFC 2016 (2016)

Shannon capacity is reviewed. Key parameters of coded modulation impacting BER are explained. Representative research work is highlighted, including TCM, multi-dimensional modulation with improved linear/nonlinear tolerance, and bit-interleaved coded modulation with iterative decoding.
Fast bistable nematic display with grey scale (1997)

We present a novel principle for a fast bistable nematic display with intrinsic grey scale. The geometry of a single pixel is the usual hybrid texture in between two conductive flat plates. The device is written by creating surface walls when an electric field is applied, above the thresholds to achieve both the planar anchoring breaking and an electro-hydrodynamic flow. Erasing is obtained by simply breaking the anchoring in absence of vortices. The distorted regions around surface walls depolarize the incident light. As the surface defect density can be modulated, a grey scale is achieved.
Improved sensitivity gas detection by spontaneous Raman scattering (2009)

Accurate, real-time measurement of the dilute constituents of a gaseous mixture poses a significant challenge usually relegated to mass spectrometry. Here, spontaneous Raman backscattering is used to detect low pressure molecular gases. Rapid detection of gases in the approximately 100 parts in 10(6) (ppm) range is described. Improved sensitivity is brought about by use of a hollow-core, photonic bandgap fiber gas cell in the backscattering configuration to increase collection efficiency and an image-plane aperture to greatly reduce silica-Raman background noise. Spatial and spectral properties of the silica noise were examined with a two-dimensional CCD detector array.
Accelerated three‐dimensional multispectral MRI with robust principal component analysis for separation of on‐ and off‐resonance signals (2017)

Three-dimensional multispectral imaging can be highly accelerated by varying undersampling between bins and separating on- and off-resonance. Magn Reson Med 79:1495-1505, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Temperature-modulated bioluminescence tomography (2006)

It was recently reported that bioluminescent spectra can be significantly affected by temperature, which we recognize as a major opportunity to overcome the inherent illposedness of bioluminescence tomography (BLT). In this paper, we propose temperature-modulated bioluminescence tomography (TBT) to utilize the temperature dependence of bioluminescence for superior BLT performance. Specifically, we employ a focused ultrasound array to heat small volumes of interest (VOI) one at a time, and induce a detectable change in the optical signal on the body surface of a mouse. Based on this type of information, the BLT reconstruction can be stabilized and improved. Our numerical experiments clearly demonstrate the merits of our TBT with either noise-free or noisy datasets. Also, this idea is applicable in 2D bioluminescence imaging and computational optical biopsy (COB). We believe that our approach and technology represents a major step forward in the field of BLT, and has an important and immediate applicability in bioluminescence imaging of small animals in general.
Injectable and degradable Poly(oligoethylene glycol methacrylate)-based hydrogels-synthetic versatility for improved biomaterial design (2016)

Frontiers Events is a rapidly growing calendar management system dedicated to the scheduling of academic events. This includes announcements and invitations, participant listings and search functionality, abstract handling and publication, related events and post-event exchanges. Whether an organizer or participant, make your event a Frontiers Event!
Abstract 6: Formation of Human Heart Muscle Directly from Embryonic and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (2014)

Tissue engineering enables the simulation of human heart physiology and pathology. It typically requires a mixture of cardiomyocytes, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix for fabrication. Here, we hypothesised that bioengineered heart muscle (BHM) can be formed directly from undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells by triggering processes of embryonic cardiogenesis. Methods and Results: We tested our hypothesis by applying an optimized serum-free cardiac differentiation protocol to undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells in a collagen type 1 hydrogel. During this process BHMs traversed through distinct developmental stages: early mesoderm (3 days), cardiac specification (10 days), and cardiac maturation (up to 50 days). Flow cytometry demonstrated that BHMs are comprised of primarily cardiomyocytes (α-actinin positive cells, 51 ± 5%, n = 6) and stromal cells (CD90 positive cells, 41 ± 5%, n = 6), with low yields of contaminating cells. By 22 days the BHMs exhibited measurable contractile force (207 ± 19 μN) and contained elongated cross-striated cardiomyocytes. We next sought to optimize the force of contraction and also the maturity of the BHM, by investigating the effect of mechanical stimuli and growth factors. Mechanical stimulation was essential for BHM formation. Additionally, we found that 2 developmentally important growth factors, FGF2 and TGFβ1, induced pathological and physiological hypertrophy, respectively. This was characterized by an increase in cell size in both conditions coupled with reduced force and higher ANP expression in FGF2 treated BHM, and a higher force with reduced ANP expression and elevated β-MHC/α-MHC ratio TGFβ1 treated BHM. Using our optimized protocol, 28 day old BHM responded to electrical pacing, preloading, and inotropic stimuli similarly as bona fide myocardium. Conclusion: BHM can be formed directly with undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells by recapitulating normal cardiac development. The serum-free protocol with developmentally defined stimuli provides us with a useful in vitro model to study cardiac biology and potentially provides a method of producing cardiac tissue for regenerative applications.
Characterization of membranolides B-H from Dendrilla membranosa and their activity against leishmaniasis (2014)

Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease that affects nearly one million people per year and can be fatal if left untreated. In a screening program, the Antarctic sponge Dendrilla membranosa was found to produce diterpenoid secondary metabolites with activity against the leishmaniasis-causing parasite Leishmania donovani. Dichloromethane/methanol (1:1) extracts of the sponge yielded aplysulphurin, its tetrahydro- derivative, and a suite of membranolides, some of which displayed potent bioactivity. In an investigation of membranolides B-H, aplysulphurin was subjected to methanolic treatments and the newly formed compounds were isolated. Upon characterization, these compounds showed identical spectral characteristics to the methoxy-bearing membranolides. The IC50 values of these compounds were assessed in a structure activity relationship (SAR) study targeting anti-leishmanial efficacy.
Abstract 528: Identify and prioritize candidate neoantigens from cancer exome sequencing with unmatched accuracy (2016)

Abstract Somatic, nonsynonymous genetic alterations present in cancer can lead to the formation of novel protein sequences and thus production of immunogenic “non-self” neoantigens. Some of those neoantigens will be processed, presented on MHC molecules, and induce tumor-specific T cell responses. Because neoantigens play central roles in the cancer-immunity cycle, it is critical to identify the most potent immunogenic neoantigens effectively and accurately. Combining PGDx's highly accurate cancer exome analyses (CancerXome™) with in silico neoantigen prediction, we have launched ImmunoSelect-R™ that identifies and prioritizes the most relevant mutation-derived neoantigens. To ensure detection of true somatic mutations and prevent false positive mutations from confounding neoantigen identification, ImmunoSelect utilizes CancerXome that delivers unparalleled cancer whole exome sequencing accuracy, achieving 95% sensitivity and 97% positive predictive value at 10% mutant allele frequency with 150x coverage. ImmunoSelect also provides accurate HLA typing from whole exome sequencing with &gt;99.9% sensitivity and specificity. Once exome-based mutations and novel open-reading-frames are identified and HLA genotypes defined, ImmunoSelect utilizes state of art bioinformatics pipelines for prediction and prioritization of the most relevant neoantigens. When applied to a set of experimentally validated neoantigens, ImmunoSelect identified 18 out of 19 of them as being strong neoantigen candidates, suggesting a sensitivity of greater than 90%. Moreover, ImmunoSelect consistently ranked experimentally validated neoantigens within top 20% of all neoantigen candidates derived from whole exome sequencing. In summary, ImmunoSelect is able to identify and prioritize candidate neoantigens from cancer exome sequencing results effectively and accurately, enabling personalized cancer vaccine development, adoptive T-cell transfer, and prediction of response to checkpoint inhibitors Citation Format: James White, Sam Angiuoli, Mark Sausen, Sian Jones, Lisa Kann, Manish Shukla, Maria Sevdali, Victor Velculescu, Luis Diaz, Theresa Zhang. Identify and prioritize candidate neoantigens from cancer exome sequencing with unmatched accuracy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 528.
Relations Between Zero-IF Receiver I/Q and TI-ADC Channel Mismatches (2014)

This paper shows that the in-phase and quadrature (I/Q) channel mismatch problem for complex signals in zero-IF receivers (ZIFRs) is related to the real-signal channel-mismatch problem in two-channel time-interleaved analog-to-digital converters (TI-ADCs). The problems are related in that, given one of the problems, it can be converted to the other problem via relatively simple signal processing operations. This offers more options for the estimation of and compensation for I/Q and TI-ADC channel mismatches. In particular, if there is a need to perform both I/Q and TI-ADC channel mismatch correction, one can make use of the same basic estimation and/or compensation principles for both applications which may save computational resources. The use of TI-ADC mismatch estimation and/or compensation also offers real-signal processing techniques to the complex-signal mismatch estimation and compensation problem in ZIFRs.
Understanding the biomechanical role of limbus using optical coherence elastography (2021)

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the changes in elasticity of the corneo-scleral limbus when the eye-globe is subjected to different intraocular pressures. Continuous elastic waves were mechanically induced in the sclera and imaged using a phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography system. Experimental results showed a marked heterogeneity of wave speed across the corneal-limbal-scleral region, which increased as a function of IOP. The conclusion of this study reveals that the corneo-scleral limbus tissue is more mechanically nonlinear compared to the cornea and sclera. This suggests that limbus acts as a supporting and accommodating mechanical structure for the cornea.
L-681,217, a new and novel member of the efrotomycin family of antibiotics. (1986)

L-681,217 is a new broad spectrum antibiotic isolated from fermentation broth. The compound is a structurally unique member of the efrotomycin family of growth permittant antibiotics.