gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of a Melanoma Marker Derived from Melanoma-Associated Endogenous Retroviruses (2006)

We previously described the expression of melanoma-associated endogenous retrovirus (MERV) proteins and viral particles in human melanomas and metastases. The objective of the present study was to determine whether a humoral immune response to MERV proteins occurs in melanoma. Candidate B-cell epitopes on MERV proteins were predicted using bioinformatic screening. The reactivity of MERV peptides corresponding to the predicted epitopes with antibodies prevalent in sera of melanoma patients was analyzed. An immunodominant peptide located in the env protein of MERV was identified. Subsequent analyzes using 81 samples from stage I to stage IV melanoma patients and 95 sera from healthy subjects revealed statistically significant differences in seroprevalence of antibodies in melanoma sera samples when compared with reference samples from healthy subjects. The prevalence of anti-MERV antibodies in melanoma patient sera was confirmed by immunofluorescence on env-transfected cells. These data indicate the potential of this candidate peptide as target for diagnosis and immunotherapy.
Weighted random test program generation for a per-pin tester (2002)

The authors present an overview of a comprehensive software system that serves as an automatic bridge between computer-aided-design- (CAD-) generated weighted random patterns (WRPs-) and a per-pin tester that incorporates dedicated hardware to support WRP testing. A test program generation system that integrates a level-sensitive-scan-design (LSSD-) based design system with a per-pin tester containing WRP hardware has been architected. This system generates complete test programs and permits the direct release of hundreds of ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit) devices into manufacturing. The benefits of low test data volume, improved test coverage, and finer diagnostic resolution provided by the WRP methodology are realized. The capture of delay defects is aided by the availability of several timing edges on a per-pin basis.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Multidimensional shaping of ultrafast optical waveforms (1996)

Simultaneous temporal and spatial shaping of ultrashort optical pulses is demonstrated. A two-dimensional mask pattern is used to filter spatially separated frequency components along one coordinate and to impart a shaped spatial (or wave-vector) profile along the perpendicular coordinate, yielding a spatially and temporally coherent output waveform. As an example, a single input pulse is transformed into 11 spatially separated output beams, each with an independently specified temporal profile.
Anaerobic Digestion in a Flooded Densified Leachbed (2009)

A document discusses the adaptation of a patented biomass-digesting process, denoted sequential batch anaerobic composting (SEBAC), to recycling of wastes aboard a spacecraft. In SEBAC, high-solids-content biomass wastes are converted into methane, carbon dioxide, and compost.
Generation of optical phase-conjugate waves and compensation for pulse shape distortion in a single-mode fiber (1994)

The generation of optical phase-conjugate waves and the application of optical phase conjugation (OPC) to optical communication systems is described. The method of pulse shape distortion compensation by OPC is outlined including distortion due to both fiber dispersion and the optical Kerr effect. The generation of a forward-going phase-conjugate wave in a third-order nonlinear medium is discussed and that by a nondegenerate forward four-wave mixing in a zero-dispersion single-mode fiber (SMF) is investigated. Suppressing the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) of a pump wave in the fiber prevents saturation of the generation efficiency of the phase-conjugate wave even when the pump power exceeds the SBS threshold. In transmission experiments through a 200-km standard SMF with a 16-Gb/s intensity-modulated signal and a 5-Gb/s continuous-phase FSK (CPFSK) modulated signal, it is shown the applicability of OPC is modulation independent and that OPC effectively compensates for both chromatic dispersion and the optical Kerr effect.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A fast recursive algorithm for computing the discrete cosine transform (1987)

The discrete cosine transform (DCT) is widely applied in various fields, including image data compression, because it operates like the Karhunen-Loève transform for stationary random data. This paper presents a recursive algorithm for DCT with a structure that allows the generation of the next higher order DCT from two identical lower order DCT's. As a result, the method for implementing this recursive DCT requires fewer multipliers and adders than other DCT algorithms.
A Mixed-Signal Approach Towards Linear and Efficient $N$-Way Doherty Amplifiers (2007)

A mixed-signal approach for the design and testing of high-performance N-way Doherty amplifiers is introduced. In support of this, an analysis of N-way power-combining networks is presented-in particular, their optimum design-by examining the relationship between the drive conditions of the active devices and input power. This analysis makes no prior assumption on the network topology and facilitates free-to-choose levels for the high-efficiency power back-off points. By comparing the results of this analysis with prior work, it is shown that very specific drive conditions apply to traditional three-way Doherty amplifier implementations to obtain simultaneously high-efficiency and high-linearity operation. To support these conclusions, a 15-W three-way Doherty amplifier was constructed using Philips GEN4 LDMOS devices featuring three separate inputs to independently drive the main and peaking devices. By testing this three-way amplifier with a custom-built measurement setup, capable of providing multiple digitally controlled coherent RF input signals with high spectral purity, a unique flexible amplifier concept is created resulting in a record-high efficiency for LDMOS-based Doherty amplifiers over a 12-dB back-off power range
Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (2006)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been started from the applications of ophthalmology. Spectral domain OCT (SD-OCT) is proposed as an alternative to the time domain OCT (TD-OCT). SD-OCT based on spectral interference does not require mechanical scanning, and is able to get phase information without any additional signal processing. Using phase information as a contrast engine of OCT, we can also develop a polarization sensitive SD-OCT (PS-SD-OCT) and Doppler OCT. The application of SD-OCT including swept source OCT (SS-OCT) is introduced. Two dimensional and three dimensional in vivo human retinal images are shown.
Feasibility of Image Fusion for Concurrent MRI Evaluation of Vessel Lumen and Vascular Calcifications in Peripheral Arterial Disease (2019)

In a prospective study of 15 patients, MR image fusion enabled the simultaneous display of vessel lumen and vascular calcifications similarly to CT angiography.
Supported Lyotropic Liquid‐Crystal Polymer Membranes: Promising Materials for Molecular‐Size‐Selective Aqueous Nanofiltration (2005)

The ordered monodisperse ionic channels existing in lyotropic liquid-crystal (LLC) polymer films allow only the passage of water-soluble molecules which are smaller than the ∼ 1.2 nm diameter of the channels. When formed on an ultraporous polysulfone (PSf) support, the films are used effectively as size-selective sieves for water-soluble molecules. These membranes are able to completely reject molecules larger than their pore sizes. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2089/2005/c0444_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Tolerance and Resistance to Viruses and Their Vectors in <i>Vitis</i> sp.: A Virologist’s Perspective of the Literature (2011)

Grapevines can be affected by many viruses and viral diseases. However, despite a long history of cultivation and breeding efforts, little useable resistance to viral diseases has been identified in <i>Vitis</i> species. As a result, management of viral diseases has largely relied upon prevention/exclusion or on the use of economically and/or environmentally consequential methods to manage vector populations. Resistance to dagger nematode vectors has been identified and successfully transferred to rootstock genotypes that are commercially available, but these resistant materials do not prevent virus translocation into the scion, although a significant delay in infection can allow for suitable production. In this review, we critically evaluate the literature regarding resistance against viruses and vectors in <i>Vitis</i> and <i>Muscadinia</i> species. We examine the challenges of breeding grapevines for virus resistance and the methodologies used to test for resistance. The availability of useful sources of resistance and tolerance toward both viruses and their vectors, or lack thereof, is evaluated and discussed in terms of disease management.
Sensors and Hybrid Therapies: A New Approach with Automated Citrate Anticoagulation (2012)

The low cost, ease of use, safety and efficacy of hybrid therapy with near-automated RCA may lead to rapid expansion of this form of ICU renal support.
<title>Compact, tunable source of monochromatic, highly-directional x-rays</title> (1993)

I propose a new radiation-generating device called the laser undulator x-ray source (LUXUS). In particular, I demonstrate that LUXUS has the potential to generate a highly-directional, monochromatic beam of x-rays which is continuously tunable over multiple orders of magnitude in photon energy. In the configuration used as a model, the photons will be seen to have energies lying between 18 eV and 45 KeV when the electron accelerator energy is varied over the range 1 - 50 MeV. Reduced to its essentials, LUXUS consists of (1) a high-current, cyclic electron induction accelerator (such as a 'rebatron') in a racetrack configuration, (2) a high-finesse Fabry-Perot resonator used as a power-buildup cavity, and (3) a high-power, CW, injection-locked Nd:YAG laser to which, in turn, the Fabry-Perot resonator is locked. With a mean accelerator current of 1000 A and a Nd:YAG laser of 15 W output, an x-ray flux approximately 10<SUP>13</SUP> photon/s should be possible at any selected energy within the x-ray range mentioned above (18 eV to 45 KeV). Important applications in medicine--including digital subtractive angiography, x-ray mammography, and general monochromatic radiography--will be discussed briefly.
A compressive light field projection system (2014)

Researchers and experimentalists have strived to bring glasses-free 3D to the big screen. Though light field projection systems are now commercially available, unfortunately they employ dozens of devices. They are costly, energy inefficient, and bulky. We present a compressive approach to light field synthesis for projection devices. We propose a novel, passive screen design inspired by angle-expanding Keplerian telescopes. Combined with high-speed light field projection and nonnegative light field factorization, we demonstrate compressive light field projection with a single device. Our prototype can alternatively display super-resolved and high dynamic range 2D images on a conventional screen.
Automated Recovery in a Secure Bootstrap Process (1997)

Integrity is rarely a valid presupposition in much systems architecture, yet it is necessary to make any security guarantees. To address this problem, we have designed a secure bootstrap process, AEGIS, which presumes a minimal amount of integrity, and which we have prototyped on the Intel x86 architecture. The basic principle is sequencing the bootstrap process as a chain of progressively higher levels of abstraction, and requiring each layer to check a digital signature of the next layer before control is passed to it. A major design decision is the consequence of a failed integrity check. A simplistic strategy is to simply halt the bootstrap process. However, as we show in this paper, the AEGIS bootstrap process can be augmented with automated recovery procedures which preserve the security properties of AEGIS under the additional assumption of the availability of a trusted repository. We describe a variety of means by which such a repository can be implemented, and focus our attention on a network accessible repository. The recovery process is easily generalized to applications other than AEGIS, such as standardized desktop management and secure automated recovery of network elements such as routers or &quot;Active Network &quot; elements.
Broadly tunable picosecond infrared source (1979)

We report a completely grating tuned (1.9-2.4 microm) picosecond traveling-wave infrared generator capable of controlled spectral-bandwidth operation down to the Fourier-transform limit. Subsequent down-conversion in CdSe extends the tuning range to 10-20 microm.
Phenotypic Effects of PBAN RNAi Using Oral Delivery of dsRNA to Corn Earworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Tobacco Budworm Larvae (2018)

Insect neuropeptides represent more than 90% of all insect hormones. The pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (PBAN)/pyrokinin family is a major group of insect neuropeptides. These neuropeptides regulate a variety of biological functions from embryo to adult in moths including, sex pheromone biosynthesis and diapause. Other functions are yet to be determined. The identification of suitable target genes is most important for the successful application of RNA interference (RNAi) for pest insect control. Insect neuropeptide genes including PBAN are known to have multiple functions and could be a good target for RNAi suppression. In this study, we selected the PBAN gene and its neuropeptide products as an RNAi target for two economically important moth species, the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), and the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (Fabricius). We investigated RNAi effects on immature moths that had ingested the specific double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) starting at the first instar larva through pupation. We report that RNAi treatments resulted in delay of larval growth, interference of pupal development, and mortality in the two pest moths. In addition, we selected small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to determine if they have negative phenotypic effects similar to their full-length RNAi parents. This is one of the few examples of negative RNAi effects on lepidopteran pests via feeding and suggests possible RNAi-based control of pest moths.
Keeping the Resident in the Loop: Adapting the Smart Home to the User (2009)

Advancements in supporting fields have increased the likelihood that smart-home technologies will become part of our everyday environments. However, many of these technologies are brittle and do not adapt to the user's explicit or implicit wishes. Here, we introduce CASAS, an adaptive smart-home system that utilizes machine learning techniques to discover patterns in resident's daily activities and to generate automation polices that mimic these patterns. Our approach does not make any assumptions about the activity structure or other underlying model parameters but leaves it completely to our algorithms to discover the smart-home resident's patterns. Another important aspect of CASAS is that it can adapt to changes in the discovered patterns based on the resident implicit and explicit feedback and can automatically update its model to reflect the changes. In this paper, we provide a description of the CASAS technologies and the results of experiments performed on both synthetic and real-world data.
Distributed Adaptive Simulation Through Standards-Based Integration of Simulators and Adaptive Learning Systems (2012)

We have developed a distributed, standards-based architecture that enables simulation and simulator designers to leverage adaptive learning systems. Our approach, which incorporates an electronic competency record, open source LMS, and open source microcontroller hardware, is a low-cost, pragmatic option to integrating simulators with traditional courseware.
First-Generation Linear Absorption Spectrometer for the Optical Trace-Detection of Radiocarbon (2017)

We present our first-generation cavity ring-down spectrometer for the optical trace-detection of radiocarbon (14C) as well as define an absolute 14C scale based on ab initio 14C16O2 intensities and linear absorption principles.
TU‐C‐303A‐02: Intrafraction Prostate Motion Monitoring with Cine‐MV and Minimal As‐Needed Onboard KV Imaging (2009)

Purpose: To examine the feasibility and performance of using treatment MV beam imaging with prior knowledge to estimate 3D prostate intrafraction motion and to instantaneously reposition based on information from minimal usage of on‐board kV imaging during IMRT. Methods and Materials: In contrast with current motion monitoring techniques which seek to accurately and continuously localize a moving target, we attempted for the first step only to detect potential motion beyond a pre‐defined threshold using MV images and in the second step through combined MV‐kV imaging (by turning on the kV imager) to confirm the over‐threshold event as well as obtaining accurate position information which could be used for instantaneously repositioning. EPID images were used to measure 2D prostate displacement in the imaging plane. By taking into account the strong correlation between prostate SI and AP motion, small displacement in the LR direction, and data from a previous IMRT session (different gantry angle), we estimated in‐line prostate motion as well which in turn allowed us to detect potential 3D over‐threshold motion. To minimize the influence from training data, no statistical motion probability distribution information was used. Simulation has been done using 536 patient‐measured trajectories from 17 patients. Experiments were performed on a Varian Trilogy linac using a motion phantom programmed for selected typical trajectories, and the results were compared with simulations. Results: Prostate displacement beyond a set threshold (3mm) was detected for over 99% of the time at the cost of negligible kV dose (< 3 images/fraction on average). The position information required for repositioning was found to have sub‐millimeter accuracy using combined MV‐kV data. Conclusion: Significant reduction of adverse effects of intrafraction prostate motion is achievable. The technique can be readily implemented in clinics and incurs minimal imaging dose to the patient as compared with other stereoscopic imaging techniques.
PatchWorks: Example-Based Region Tiling for Image Editing (2004)

Filling regions of an image in a seamless manner is an important task for editing digital images. We propose to address it by using an example-based image generation technique. Such techniques have recently proved very effective in the context of unconstrained texture synthesis. We show that they can also be surprisingly effective to fill large regions in images, even within complex mixes of textures and structures. We combine this approach with a block-based architecture within an interactive image editing tool, named PatchWorks. This tool performs faster and better than earlier pixel-based counterparts, and faster than most recent related techniques with similar capabilities. The ease of use and versatility of our system is illustrated on a number of real image editing tasks.
Preparation and characterization of nano-hetero Pt-pure CeO2 electrodes supported by carbon materials for direct methanol fuel cells applications (2005)

The nano-size Pt-pure CeO2 anode materials supported by conductive carbon materials were prepared using combined process of co-precipitation and impregnation methods. Cyclic voltammetry of the specimens was measured in 0.5M H2SO4 containing 0.5M CH3OH. In the return sweep, the current density value (45mA/cm(2)) of the specimen is four times bigger than that of the commercial available Pt-Ru anode material (12mA/cm(2)). The current density of the specimen increased with decreasing particle size of pure CeO2. The nano-size pure CeO2 particles consist of round shape particles, although course particles of pure CeO2 includes rod like shape and round shape particles. Therefore, it is concluded that the morphology control of pure CeO2 particles is important for enhancement of current density of the specimens. In addition, a meso-porous carbon as a new conductive carbon in anode materials was examined. It is expected that the nano-hetero Pt-pure CeO2 electrodes supported by conductive mesoporous carbon will be one of promising anode materials for direct methanol fuel cells applications.
Blending and diffusion of reclaimed asphalt pavement and virgin asphalt binders (2014)

An experimental study to understand the properties of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), virgin binder and their respective blends was conducted. It was found that the current AASHTO (American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials) M 323 specification recommendation to use one-grade softer performance graded asphalt at>15% RAP addition may not be justified. It is demonstrated that a binder grade change is not necessary up to 25% RAP in most blends. The ability of RAP and virgin binders to blend by diffusion at typical asphalt-mix production and placement temperatures and times was measured by a dynamic shear rheometer. A simulation showed that a complete binder blending in both hot-mix asphalt and warm-mix asphalt applications is reached within minutes after mixing. Nevertheless, binder layer thickness in the mix has a significant impact in these simulations and further understanding of binder film thickness in asphalt mix is necessary to accurately estimate degree of blending. Real mix data from Carpenter and Wolosick [(1980). Modifier influence in the characterization of hot-mix recycled material. Transportation Research Record, 777, 15–22] were successfully fitted with the diffusion model, demonstrating that the diffusion as measured for binders follows the same fundamental processes in the asphalt mix.
On bootstrapping recommender systems (2010)

Recommender systems perform much better on users for which they have more information. This gives rise to a problem of satisfying users new to a system. The problem is even more acute considering that some of these hard to profile new users judge the unfamiliar system by its ability to immediately provide them with satisfying recommendations, and may be the quickest to abandon the system when disappointed. Rapid profiling of new users is often achieved through a bootstrapping process - a kind of an initial interview - that elicits users to provide their opinions on certain carefully chosen items or categories. This work offers a new bootstrapping method, which is based on a concrete optimization goal, thereby handily outperforming known approaches in our tests.