gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surface Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery (2013)

Gold nanoparticles have been widely explored as cancer therapeutics and diagnostic agents in recent years. With their unique subcellular size and good biocompatibility, gold nanoparticles are a promising drug delivery vehicle. In this study, folic acid-coated gold nanoparticles conjugated with fluorophore FITC through amine terminated poly(ethylene glycol) were prepared and confocal microscopy together with bright-field differential interference contrast imaging data showed that folic acid-coated gold nanoparticles accumulated mainly in cytoplasm of primary human fibroblasts, without causing any observable cytotoxicity upon exposure for 48 hours. Through the further development of a drug delivery system that conjugates doxorubicin onto the surface of gold nanoparticles with a poly(ethylene glycol) spacer via an SMCC linker, we demonstrated that multidrug resistance in cancer cells can be significantly overcome by a combination of highly efficient cellular entry and enhanced cytotoxicity of Au-SMCC-DOX nanoconjugates, as revealed both by confocal microscopy imaging and cytotoxicity assay. The prepared Au-SMCC-DOX nanoconjugates demonstrated enhanced drug accumulation and retention in multidrug resistant hepG2-R cancer cells when it was compared with free doxorubicin, with a cytoplasm accumulation profile. The results indicated that gold nanoparticles are a kind of promising drug delivery vehicle with good biocompatibility and suitable for further applications in drug delivery for improved chemotherapy, especially for overcoming multidrug resistance.
Performance Of A Thermal Imager Employing A Hybrid Pyroelectric Detector Array With Mosfet Readout (1988)

A thermal imager employing a two-dimensional hybrid array of pyroelectric detectors with MOSFET readout has been built. In this paper the design and theoretical performance of the detector is discussed and the results of performance measurements are presented.
A 10-bit 150-MS/s, parallel pipeline A/D converter in 0.6-μm CMOS (2003)

This paper describes a 10-bit 150 MS/s CMOS parallel pipeline ADC. The converter includes four parallel interleaved pipeline A/D converters with analog background calibration using adaptive signal processing, an extra channel, and mixed signal integrators that match the offsets and gains of time-interleaved ADC channels. With monolithic analog background calibration, the SNDR in all corner cases (SS, SF, FS, FF, and TT) and temperature between -40/spl deg/C to 85/spl deg/C is better than 57 dB. The power consumption is 1200 mW at a 3.0 V supply voltage. This work is achieved in a 0.6 /spl mu/m CMOS process.
The CAT for efficient 2D and 3D interaction as an alternative to mouse adaptations (2003)

We present the first usable prototype of the CAT (Control Action Table). The CAT is a 6 degree of freedom freestanding device, mixing isotonic and isometric sensing modes. It allows a group of users to interact with virtual environments by means of 3D and 2D interaction techniques. The innovating design of the CAT unifies the principle advantages of existing input devices while rejecting their main limitations. We present the resulting characteristics and compare the CAT to existing input devices. A 3D docking task experiment and a demo application have shown that the CAT can be used more efficiently than an 3D isometric desktop device and that the users preferred the CAT. The CAT is contributing to the development of real VR applications.
A 6-b 1-GS/s 30-mW ADC in 90-nm CMOS technology (2008)

A 6-b 1-GS/s subranging ADC with THA is implemented in 90-nm CMOS technology. This circuit incorporates folded input for the fine ADC as well as offset calibration and digital correction techniques, achieving greater than 5.2 ENOB and 40-dB SFDR up to the Nyquist, and 1.1-GHz ERBW with power consumption of only 30 mW.
Cornering stiffness estimation based on vehicle lateral dynamics (2006)

In this article, the cornering stiffness estimation problem based on the vehicle bicycle (one-track) model is studied. Both time-domain and frequency-domain-based methods are analyzed, aiming to estimate the effective cornering stiffness, defined as the ratio between the lateral force and the slip angle at the two axles. Several methods based on the bicycle model were developed, each having specific pros/cons related to practical implementations. The developed algorithms were evaluated on the basis of the simulation data from the bicycle model and the CarSimTM software. Finally, selected algorithms were evaluated using experimental data.
All-Resonant Control of Superconducting Resonators (2012)

An all-resonant method is proposed to control the quantum state of superconducting resonators. This approach uses a tunable artificial atom linearly coupled to resonators, and allows for efficient routes to Fock state synthesis, qudit logic operations, and synthesis of NOON states. This resonant approach is theoretically analyzed, and found to perform significantly better than existing proposals using the same technology.
The pX Protein of HTLV-I Is a Transcriptional Activator of Its Long Terminal Repeats (1985)

Expression of the pX protein of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) in animal cells demonstrates that this protein is a specific transcriptional activator of the long terminal repeats (LTR) of HTLV-I. Several other promoters are not affected by pX. No lymphocyte-specific factors are required for this activation. pX can be detected in the nucleus of transfected monkey kidney cells (line CV1) by indirect immunofluorescence. These results indicate that the pX protein is essential for the replication cycle of the virus and that it may be directly involved in the immortalization of human lymphocytes by HTLV-I.
Classification of APIs by hierarchical clustering (2018)

APIs can be classified according to the programming domains (e.g., GUIs, databases, collections, or security) that they address. Such classification is vital in searching repositories (e.g., the Maven Central Repository for Java) and for understanding the technology stack used in software projects. We apply hierarchical clustering to a curated suite of Java APIs to compare the computed API clusters with preexisting API classifications. Clustering entails various parameters (e.g., the choice of IDF versus LSI versus LDA). We describe the corresponding variability in terms of a feature model. We exercise all possible configurations to determine the maximum correlation with respect to two baselines: i) a smaller suite of APIs manually classified in previous research; ii) a larger suite of APIs from the Maven Central Repository, thereby taking advantage of crowd-sourced classification while relying on a threshold-based approach for identifying important APIs and versions thereof, subject to an API dependency analysis on GitHub. We discuss the configurations found in this way and we examine the influence of particular features on the correlation between computed clusters and baselines. To this end, we also leverage interactive exploration of the parameter space and the resulting dendrograms. In this manner, we can also identify issues with the use of classifiers (e.g., missing classifiers) in the baselines and limitations of the clustering approach.
Performance Management Through Societal Performance Indicators (2011)

Performance management is tied to external forces and stakeholders whose assessment of performance is more focused on societal outcomes than purely financial outcomes. Government, corporate, and even personal performance measurement should take into account societal indicators that link these disparate yet intertwined spheres of influence. New initiatives in both government and commercial sectors are bringing greater understanding of how societal indicators can measure performance. This paper highlights how societal indicators are used to measure performance in corporate and government sectors. Corporate societal indicators are explored primarily though literary research. Government societal indicators are explored through an examination of the EPA and Superfund program. The paper demonstrates that there is synergy between corporate, government, and personal government performance measures and how business intelligence tools are making these relationships more transparent.
Fluoxetine stimulates glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor synthesis and release in cultured rat astrocytes (2009)

Objective To explore the effects of fluoxetine on glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) synthesis and release in cultured rat astrocytes. Methods The MTT assay were used to evaluate cell viability, the expression of GDNF mRNA were detected with real-time PCR. The level of GDNF in cell-conditioned media was measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results (1) The cell viability was significantly decreased when the concentration of fluoxetine was more than 35 μmol/L (P<0.01 or P<0. 05). (2) When the cells were treated with the 10 μmol/L fluoxetine for different time, the level of GDNF in cell-conditioned media of the 48 hour group [(68±13) fg/L] was significantly higher than that of the 0, 6, 12, 24 hour group [(32±11), (34±12), (41±17) and (45±13) fg/L] (P<0.01). (3) When the cells were treated with the different concentration of fluoxetine for 48 hour, the level of GDNF in cell-conditioned media of 10 μmol/L group[(64±17) fg/L] was significantly higher than that of 0 μmol/L and 1 μmol/L groups[(39±15), (39±18) fg/L] (P<0.05). (4) When the cells were treated at a range of concentrations of fluoxetine for 48 hour, the GDNF was also significantly released by astrocytes after with draual of fluoxetine for 24 hours, (P<0.01or P<0.05). (5) After the cells were treated with the different concentrations of fluoxetine for 24 hour, the expression of GDNF mRNA in 10 μmol/L and 20 μmol/L groups [(0.008 1±0.001 1), (0.006 3±0.000 3)] were significantly higher than that in 0 μmol/L, 1 μmol/L and 5 μmol/L groups [(0.003 1±0.000 7), (0.003 9±0.000 3),(0.004 1±0.000 2)]. Conclusion The results suggest that fluoxetine could stimulate GDNF release from astrocytes, which might underlie it's neuroprotective properties.

Key words: 
Fluoxetine;  Astrocytes;  Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor
Abstract 9581: Bendavia, a Novel Mitochondrial-Targeted Cytoprotective Compound Reduces Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: Experience in 3 Independent Laboratories (2011)

Bendavia is a mitochondrial-targeting compound proposed to maintain cardiac mitochondrial function and decrease permeability transition pore (PTP) opening during ischemia/reperfusion (IR). Our labs assessed the cardioprotective effects of Bendavia using cellular and large animal models of IR when reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is elevated. Left ventricular guinea pig cardiomyocytes were either untreated or incubated with 1nM Bendavia and exposed to 20 min of cellular anoxia plus 30 min of reoxygenation in a hypoxia chamber. Following reoxygenation 54% of control cells survived to the end of reoxygenation versus 93% of Bendavia-treated cells (p<0.05). Myocytes displayed bursts in ROS production immediately prior to cell death that were prevented by Bendavia. Similarly, Bendavia maintained mitochondrial membrane potential in cells exposed to oxidative challenge, suggesting that scavenging mitochondrial ROS with Bendavia sustained mitochondrial energetics by keeping PTP closed. A second study determined the effect of Bendavia on infarct size in anesthetized sheep (60 min coronary occlusion, 3 hr reperfusion). Bendavia infusions of 0.005, 0.05 and 0.5 mg/kg/hr were administered 30 min after occlusion and reduced mean infarct size by 25%, 16% and 17%, respectively (p≤0.05 versus vehicle). Cyclosporin A reduced infarct size by <10% in this same study (p=NS). In a third study anesthetized rabbits received 30 min of coronary artery occlusion plus 3 hr of reperfusion. Rabbits received placebo or Bendavia at 10 or 20 min after occlusion or immediately before reperfusion. At 3 hr of reperfusion, no reflow was assessed by Thioflavin S injection. For any size of ischemic risk zone, the no reflow zone was significantly smaller in the Bendavia group than control group (p=0.0085). There was an overall 21% reduction in no reflow and 11% reduction in infarct size in the Bendavia group. Cardiac hemodynamics were not influenced by Bendavia or Cyclosporin A in either the sheep or rabbit studies. In 3 separate labs studying IR injury, Bendavia protected cardiomyocytes along with reducing infarct size and limiting no reflow when given after ischemia, but prior to reperfusion, making the compound an attractive candidate for clinical studies in cardiac IR injury.
Folding stabilities of encapsulation layers at positions off the mechanical neutral plane (2018)

The folding stabilities of an inorganic single layer and an organic–inorganic multilayer based on the degree of deviation from the neutral plane were investigated for the application of the encapsulation layer to foldable organic light-emitting diodes. The folding stabilities of the two encapsulation layers were evaluated by measuring the change in water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) after 100,000 repetitive folding times. The organic–inorganic multilayer was found stable despite the repeated folding even though the encapsulation layer deviates from the neutral plane by several tens of microns.
Transmission of Bacterium <i>Corynebacterium michiganense</i> pv. <i>michiganense</i> by Seeds (1987)

Abstract The results of experiments on transmission of Corynebacterium michiganense pv. michiganense showed that the spread of the bacterium by artificially infested seeds varies, but it was confirmed that from artificially infested seeds few diseased plants can be grown. The results depend on the environmental conditions during experimentation and the method of assaying the seedlings. High relative humidity favours the spread of the pathogen. The use of selective media helped the detection ofthe pathogen in seemingly healthy plants. It was proved that host can have population of C. michiganense pv. michiganense in a resident phase. It is assumed that when conditions are favorable the pathogen multiplies and cause disease.
Characterization of companion animal pluripotent stem cells (2017)

Pluripotent stem cells have the capacity to grow indefinitely in culture and differentiate into derivatives of the three germ layers. These properties underpin their potential to be used in regenerative medicine. Originally derived from early embryos, pluripotent stem cells can now be derived by reprogramming an adult cell back to a pluripotent state. Companion animals such as horses, dogs, and cats suffer from many injuries and diseases for which regenerative medicine may offer new treatments. As many of the injuries and diseases are similar to conditions in humans the use of companion animals for the experimental and clinical testing of stem cell and regenerative medicine products would provide relevant animal models for the translation of therapies to the human field. In order to fully utilize companion animal pluripotent stem cells robust, standardized methods of characterization must be developed to ensure that safe and effective treatments can be delivered. In this review we discuss the methods that are available for characterizing pluripotent stem cells and the techniques that have been applied in cells from companion animals. We describe characteristics which have been described consistently across reports as well as highlighting discrepant results. Significant steps have been made to define the in vitro culture requirements and drive lineage specific differentiation of pluripotent stem cells in companion animal species. However, additional basic research to compare pluripotent stem cell types and define characteristics of pluripotency in companion animal species is still required. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
Cell kinetics and chemosensitivity of human carcinomas serially transplanted into nude mice. (1986)

Six human carcinoma xenografts serially transplanted into nude mice were used for the study of chemosensitivity and cell kinetics. Three gastric carcinomas (St-4, St-40 and H-111), two colon carcinomas (Co-3 and Co-4) and one breast carcinoma (MX-1) were inoculated into the subcutaneous tissue of BALB/cA nude mice. The maximum tolerable doses of mitomycin C (MMC), adriamycin (ADM), cyclophosphamide (CPA) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were administered when the tumor weights reached 100-300 mg. The response rates of the tumor to these drugs were found to be 3/6 for MMC, 2/6 for 5-FU and 1/6 for ADM and CPA. Percent labeled mitosis curves obtained from 3H-thymidine pulse labeling were analyzed by the method of Quastler and Sherman. It was found that the antitumor effect of MMC was closely correlated with the growth fractions of the tumors (r = -0.98, P less than 0.001), and it appeared that the tumor cells were more sensitive to MMC in the resting stages during the proliferating phase than in the other cell cycle phases. Cell kinetics is considered to be an important factor in determining chemosensitivity, and the system of human tumor xenografts-nude mice seems to be a suitable experimental model for investigating the correlation between cell kinetics and chemosensitivity in vivo.
0.25 μm Periodic Structures For Lightwave Technology Fabricated By Spatial Frequency Doubling Lithography (SFDL) (1989)

A new method to fabricate the gratings useful for integrated optical circuits (IOC) is described. The method combines optical projection lithography with spatial filtering. The projection lens uses nearly coherent illumination. Only the two first orders diffracted by the mask grating are allowed to pass through the lens. This produces a grating pattern in the image plane that has a high contrast (near 100%), a large depth of focus (approx. 13 μm), and a period half of what would have been obtained in normal imaging. Thus, with a 5X reduction lens a 5 μm period grating on the mask produces a 0.5 μm period image on the wafer. 0.5 μm period gratings are useful for fabrication of Bragg filters in dielectric film waveguides. Gratings of different periods, sizes, locations, orientations, and configurations (chirped, phase shifted, etc.) can all be produced on the same chip with a single exposure. Using a deep UV lens with a line-narrowed 248 nm KrF excimer laser for illumination, we printed 0.5 μm period gratings in an oxide layer on 10 mm X 10 mm silicon chips. Because of the high contrast, the photoresist patterns had very high quality. In addition, the extended depth of focus was observed. This method is primarily useful for patterning periodic structures. Lenses designed for this system could be made with large numerical apertures and/or image fields, and be able to pattern gratings of 0.23 μm period for semiconductor waveguide devices. This technique opens up the possibility of high-volume production of IOC chips with Bragg filters using standard IC fabrication facilities.
Transmissive volume holograms in a polymeric medium with phenanthroquinone (2000)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text O. V. Andreeva, O. V. Bandyuk, A. A. Paramonov, A. S. Cherkasov , E. R. Gavrilyuk, and P. V. Andreev, "Transmissive volume holograms in a polymeric medium with phenanthroquinone," J. Opt. Technol. 67, 1043- (2000) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Determination of Enantiomeric Excess in Deuterated Chiral Hydrocarbons by Vibrational Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy (1990)

An improved procedure using vibrational circular dichroism spectroscopy for high-precision determinations of enantiomeric excess (ee) in chiral samples is described. Chiral trans-dideuteriocyclopropane is employed in the gas phase for percent ee measurements. This molecule is a member of the class of simple hydrocarbons made chiral by virtue of isotopic substitution for which no convenient and accurate alternative method of percent ee measurement is available. Percent ee determinations to within 1% are demonstrated for several ee values with and without contamination by the achiral cis-dideuteriocyclopropane species.
Synthesis of 2‐Alkylamino‐3‐fluoropyridines Using Buchwald Conditions (2004)

Abstract Synthesis of 2‐alkylamino‐3‐fluoropyridines from 2‐chloro‐3‐fluoropyridine using palladium‐catalyzed coupling reaction under Buchwald conditions is described.
Robotic Grasping of Novel Objects (2007)

We consider the problem of grasping novel objects, specifically ones that are being seen for the first time through vision. We present a learning algorithm that neither requires, nor tries to build, a 3-d model of the object. Instead it predicts, directly as a function of the images, a point at which to grasp the object. Our algorithm is trained via supervised learning, using synthetic images for the training set. We demonstrate on a robotic manipulation platform that this approach successfully grasps a wide variety of objects, such as wine glasses, duct tape, markers, a translucent box, jugs, knife-cutters, cellphones, keys, screwdrivers, staplers, toothbrushes, a thick coil of wire, a strangely shaped power horn, and others, none of which were seen in the training set.
APPLYING ELECTRONICS TO AUTOMOBILES (1978)

This article shows how the Detroit car makers are using electronic engine controls in more and more automobiles in order to meet the upcoming standards for emission control, fuel economy and performance. For example, Chrysler is expanding the use of its Electronic Spark System to more cars. The system uses a third generation microprocessor controlled spark advance computer. Another example is the electronic fuel injection system for the '79 Cadillac Seville that controls air-fuel ratio by varying the length of time the fuel injectors are open.
The molecular connections between the cannabinoid system and endometriosis (2012)

The endocannabinoid system consists of an array of endogenously produced bioactive lipids that activate cannabinoid 1 (CB1) and 2 (CB2) receptors. Alterations of this system have been described in almost every category of disease. These changes can be protective or maladaptive, making the endocannabinoid network an attractive therapeutic target. Little is known about the potential role of endocannabinoids in endometriosis development although this is a topic worthy of further investigation since endocannabinoid modulators have recently been shown to affect specific mechanisms critical to endometriosis establishment and maintenance. A literature review was herein performed with the aim of defining the regulation and function of the endocannabinoid signaling in in vitro and animal models of endometriosis. The components of the endocannabinoid system, CB1 and CB2 receptors and the enzymes N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine-phospholipase D and fatty acid amide hydrolase are differentially regulated throughout the menstrual cycle in the endometrium and are expressed in deep endometriotic nodules and in sensory and sympathetic neurons innervating the lesions. Selective cannabinoid receptor agonists, such as WIN 55212-2, appear to have a favorable action in limiting cell proliferation and in controlling pain symptoms. Conversely, endometrial cell migration tends to be stimulated by receptor agonists. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathways seem to be involved in these processes. However, the underlying mechanisms of action are only just beginning to unfold. Given the complexity of the system, further studies are needed to clarify whether the endocannabinoid system might represent a promising target for endometriosis.