gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Resonant Frequency Tracking Technique for Linear Vapor Compressors (2007)

A linear vapor compressor operates most efficiently at resonant frequency which varies with piston stroke and operation conditions. A novel resonant frequency tracking technique is proposed in order to achieve high efficiency operation of a linear compressor system. This is based on the fact that for given amplitude of the motor current, the linear compressor system reaches its maximum stroke and maximum input and output powers at its resonant frequency. By evaluation of the input power to the compressor and implementing a perturb and observe algorithm, the proposed technique can adjust the frequency of the motor current to match the resonant frequency of the compressor operation. The proposed technique does not require a position sensor, and can be easily implemented in a digital controller. Simulation and experimental results have demonstrated the validity of the proposed technique.
New Modulation Scheme for Three-Level Active Neutral-Point-Clamped Converter With Loss and Stress Reduction (2015)

This paper proposes a new modulation scheme for the three-level active neutral-point-clamped (ANPC) converter. This scheme yields new commutation loops for the three-level ANPC phase leg, which contain paralleled switching devices during commutation. The new commutation loops have better switching performance with smaller switching stress for some devices. There are also more evenly distributed loss and stress for each switching device on the phase leg. Moreover, the switching states of the new modulation scheme also reduce the conduction loss of the neutral current. In addition, the proposed modulation scheme needs less pulsewidth modulation (PWM) comparators per phase compared with the conventional scheme. The simple gate signal logic can be applied to any sinusoidal PWM or space vector modulation strategies. Double pulse tests for the new commutation loops show the improved switching characteristics under different load current cases. In addition, the quantitative analysis of the system loss breakdown and the phase leg loss distribution verifies the loss reduction and redistribution result. The proposed method is also applied on a 200-kW three-level ANPC converter for verification.
Rank-reduction deblending for record length extension: The example of the Carnarvon basin (2016)

During the summer of 2015 Dolphin Geophysical, in collaboration with project partner TGS, completed the acquisition of the NCB-15 MC3D survey on the Exmouth Plateau, in the Carnarvon basin offshore Western Australia. In order to provide good imaging throughout the thick Triassic section and down to the deep Permian marker, which is at 9.0 - 9.5s in some areas, the survey was designed and acquired using broadband methodologies and long 12s records. Due to shot-point interval and vessel speed constraints the acquisition was performed using an overlapping shot strategy, with the individual shots later recovered via de-blending at the data processing stage. The goal of this paper is to illustrate the de-blending methodology used to remove the shot overlap and the advantages of record length extension. Presentation Date: Monday, October 17, 2016 Start Time: 3:20:00 PM Location: 140 Presentation Type: ORAL
Adaptive Weblog Post Filtering Based on User Browsing History (2009)

Weblogs are one of important Web-based services that establish the foundations of the Web 2.0. These days many companies propose free Weblog hosting and population services, because they realize that Weblogs are evolving to be a more topic based systems, and so they could be good places to gain more revenue. One of effective factors for gaining more revenue is blog popularity. Weblogs have posts that arranged chronologically with most recent first. Some of Weblog has many posts that cause difficulty in finding specific posts by each viewer. On the other hand unsuitable posts order can redouble this problem. This difficulty occasions reduction of Weblog popularity. As our researches on Farsi weblogs shown many viewers close some Weblog windows before completely loaded in their own Web browsers. Based on our research an important reason is the existence of vast amount of Weblog posts. Viewer interests can be beneficial if they utilize for adaptive filtering Weblogs and showing their contents. This paper represents an approach for filtering and reordering Weblog posts based on user’s browsing history Experimental results show that our filtering approach can improve Weblog popularity and can increases Weblog viewers.
Process effects on structural properties of TiO2 thin films by reactive sputtering (1992)

We have been investigating the growth of crystalline titanium dioxide films at deposition temperature between room temperature and about 400 °C. The films were prepared by a dc magnetron reactive sputtering on glass and Si(100) substrates. The structural properties of the films were analyzed by x-ray diffractometry. The influence of total pressure, oxygen mole fraction in the mixture of Ar–O2, discharge current, and substrate temperature on the structural properties were studied. In addition to higher substrate temperature, low total pressure, high discharge current, and small oxygen mole fraction were shown to be preferable for growing anatase–rutile mixture films. Annealing of the films in air at 850 °C showed that anatase–rutile transformation strongly depends on the deposition temperature; the films deposited at temperature below 400 °C were converted to the anatase–rutile mixture films, and the films deposited at 400 °C to complete rutile films.
Spectrum Prediction in Cognitive Radio Networks: A Bayesian Approach (2014)

Spectrum sensing is an important activity in the Cognitive Radio (CR) scenario. Presence of primary users (PU) over a specific band has to be monitored periodically in each time slots. Spectrum sensing and data communication have to be completed in each time slot. If we can reduce the time required for spectrum sensing, more data can be transmitted in the specified time slot. If the presence of a PU can be predicted by a CR, throughput of the system can be improved. In this paper we define a simple approach based on Bayesian theorem to predict spectrum occupancy status of PU, from its spectrum occupancy pattern. Its performance is compared with exponential weighted moving average (EWMA) based approach to predict the spectrum occupancy information. A modification to EWMA is also suggested named hybrid approach by including the Bayesian probability within the above approach. Their performance is compared in terms of predicted probability and spectrum decision. Spectrum decision at different parameters of beta distribution is compared. Impact of number of previous data considered for prediction is also explored. Bit error rate of Bayesian approach is found less at certain data distributions. Computational requirement of Bayesian approach is also found relatively less.
Evidence that periodontal treatment improves diabetes outcomes: a systematic review and meta‐analysis (2013)

Abstract Context: The effect of periodontal therapy on diabetes outcomes has not been established. Objective: This update examines the effect of periodontal treatment on diabetes outcomes. Data sources: Literature since October 2009 using MEDLINE. Study eligibility criteria: Published RCTs including periodontal therapy for diabetic subjects, a metabolic outcome, an untreated control group, and follow‐up of 3 months. Data extraction: Pre‐defined data fields, including study quality indicators were used. Data synthesis: A search revealed 56 publications of which 9 met inclusion criteria. Mean change of HbA1c from baseline was compared across treatment groups. Pooled analysis was based on random effects models. Results: A meta‐analysis indicated a mean treatment effect of _0.36% HbA1c (CI _0.54, _0.19) compared to no treatment after periodontal therapy (p < 0.0001). Heterogeneity tests revealed only minimal evidence of publication bias (I2 = 9%). Limitations: Small sample size and high risk of bias remain problematic for studies of this type. Periodontal therapy varied considerably. Conclusion: The modest reduction in HbA1c observed as a result of periodontal therapy in subjects with type 2 diabetes is consistent with previous systematic reviews. Despite this finding, there is limited confidence in the conclusion due to a lack of multi‐centre trials of sufficient sample size are lacking.
Effect of benzene and thiophene on rate of coke formation during naphtha pyrolysis (1988)

Abstract The effect of benzene or thiophene addition to the feed on the rates of coke formation during naphtha pyrolysis has been investigated in a jet‐stirred reactor at atmospheric pressure in the temperature range of 1073‐1103 K. In addition, the effect of temperature, space time, weight ratio of steam to naphtha and the material of construction on the rate of coke deposition was also studied. The rate of coke formation increased as the temperature, space time and aromatic content of the feed was increased whereas it decreased with an increase in the weight ratio of steam to naphtha or the thiophene content of the feed. Addition of thiophene increased the rate of naphtha pyrolysis and significantly reduced the aromatic yields. Rates of coke formation for both thiophene‐free and thiophene‐containing naphtha could be modeled by power law expressions involving the aromatics.
Inwardly rectifying potassium channels in Drosophila. (2012)

Inwardly rectifying potassium channels (Kir) are a special subset of potassium selective ion channels which pass potassium more easily into rather than out of the cell. These channels mediate a variety of cellular functions, including control of membrane resting potential, maintenance of potassium homeostasis and regulation of cellular metabolism. Given the existence of fifteen Kir genes in mammals, current genetic studies using mutant animals that lack a single channel may have missed many important physiological functions of these channels due to gene redundancy. This issue can be circumvented by using a simple model organism like Drosophila, whose genome encodes only 3 Kir proteins. The sophisticated genetic approaches of Drosophila may also provide powerful tools to identify additional regulation mechanisms of Kir channels. Here we provide an overview of the progress made in elucidating the function of Drosophila Kir channels. The knowledge of Drosophila Kir channels may lead us to uncover novel functions and regulation mechanisms of human Kir channels and help on pathological studies of related diseases.
End-to-End, Single-Stream Temporal Action Detection in Untrimmed Videos (2017)

In this work, we present a new intuitive, end-to-end approach for temporal action detection in untrimmed videos. We introduce our new architecture for Single-Stream Temporal Action Detection (SS-TAD), which effectively integrates joint action detection with its semantic sub-tasks in a single unifying end-to-end framework. We develop a method for training our deep recurrent architecture based on enforcing semantic constraints on intermediate modules that are gradually relaxed as learning progresses. We find that such a dynamic learning scheme enables SS-TAD to achieve higher overall detection performance, with fewer training epochs. By design, our single-pass network is very efficient and can operate at 701 frames per second, while simultaneously outperforming the state-of-the-art methods for temporal action detection on THUMOS’14.
Serum levels of acute phase proteins in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. (2003)

Measurement of serum C-reactive protein, ferritin, ceruloplasmin and alpha-2-macroglobulin levels may be useful in assessing patients at risk of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and those with high C-reactive protein and ferritin but normal transferrin should be considered for liver biopsy.
Universal Hashing for Ultra-Low-Power Cryptographic Hardware Applications (2004)

Message Authentication Codes (MACs) are valuable tools for ensuring the integrity of messages. MACs may be built around a keyed hash function. Our main motivation was to prove that universal hash functions can be employed as underlying primitives of MACs in order to provide provable security in ultra-low-power applications such as the next generation self-powered sensor networks. The idea of using a universal hash function (NH) was explored in the construction of UMAC. This work presents three variations on NH, namely PH, PR and WH. The first hash function we propose, PH, produces a hash of length 2w and is shown to be 2^(-w)-almost universal. The other two hash functions, i.e. PR and WH, reach optimality and are proven to be universal hash functions with half the hash length of w. In addition, these schemes are simple enough to allow for efficient constructions. To the best of our knowledge the proposed hash functions are the first ones specifically designed for low-power hardware implementations. We achieve drastic power savings of up to 59% and speedup of up to 7.4 times over NH. Note that the speed improvement and the power reduction are accomplished simultaneously. Moreover, we show how the technique of multi- hashing and the Toeplitz approach can be combined to reduce the power and energy consumption even further while maintaining the same security level with a very slight increase in the amount of key material. At low frequencies the power and energy reductions are achieved simultaneously while keeping the hashing time constant. We develope formulae for estimation of leakage and dynamic power consumptions as well as energy consumption based on the frequency and the Toeplitz parameter t. We introduce a powerful method for scaling WH according to specific energy and power consumption requirements. This enables us to optimize the hash function implementation for use in ultra-low-power applications such as "Smart Dust" motes, RFIDs, and Piconet nodes. Our simulation results indicate that the implementation of WH-16 consumes only 2.95 ÃƒÂ¬W 500 kHz. It can therefore be integrated into a self- powered device. By virtue of their security and implementation features mentioned above, we believe that the proposed universal hash functions fill an important gap in cryptographic hardware applications.
Evolutionary Design and Re-design Using Design Parameters and Goals (1999)

Design parameters and goals play important roles in design. Design goals are the required functions of the design elements and explicitly expressed by design parameters. Design parameters also indicate the relations among design elements, by which constraint networks can be constructed and some useful information can be induced. In this study, the mechanical design process is assumed to be the assignment of design goals and their realization through the evolutionary refinement of the design parameters. Thus an integrated design system is proposed to support the process of assigning the design goals and refining the values of the design parameters. In the design system, a genetic engine that utilizes a genetic algorithm is installed to simulate an iterative design process, which leads to an evolutionary design. The genetic engine treats design parameters as genes and design goals as evaluation function. Re-design and design modification are facilitated by the design parameters. The re-design can be activated in the design system by using the information stored in the design parameters when design parameters or goals are changed.
Site-Specific Proteasome Inhibitors (2021)

Proteasome is a multi-subunit protein degradation machine, which plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis and, through degradation of regulatory proteins, in the regulation of numerous cell functions. Proteasome inhibitors are essential tools for biomedical research. Three proteasome inhibitors, bortezomib, carfilzomib, and ixazomib are approved by the FDA for the treatment of multiple myeloma; another inhibitor, marizomib, is undergoing clinical trials. The proteolytic core of the proteasome has three pairs of active sites, β5, β2, and β1. All clinical inhibitors and inhibitors that are widely used as research tools (e.g., epoxomicin, MG-132) inhibit multiple active sites and have been extensively reviewed in the past. In the past decade, highly specific inhibitors of individual active sites and the distinct active sites of the lymphoid tissue-specific immunoproteasome have been developed. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of these site-specific inhibitors of mammalian proteasomes and describe their utilization in the studies of the biology of the active sites and their roles as drug targets for the treatment of different diseases.
Speeding Up the Decision Making of Support Vector Classifiers (2004)

In this paper, we propose a new approach for speeding up the decision making of support vector classifiers (SVC) in the context of multi-class classification. A two-stage system embedded within a probabilistic framework is presented. In the first stage we pre-estimate the posterior probabilities with a model-based approach and we re-estimate only the highest probabilities with appropriate SVCs in the second stage. We have tested our system on the benchmark database MNIST and the results show that our dynamic classification process allows to speedup the full "pairwise coupling" SVCs by a factor of 7.7 while preserving the accuracy. In addition, although the "one against all" strategy estimate slightly betters probabilities, our modular architecture seems more adapted to large multi-class problems.
Exhaled VOCs can discriminate subjects with COVID-19 from healthy controls (2022)

COVID-19 detection currently relies on testing by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or antigen testing. However, SARS-CoV-2 is expected to cause significant metabolic changes in infected subjects due to both metabolic requirements for rapid viral replication and host immune responses. Analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from human breath can detect these metabolic changes and is therefore an alternative to RT-PCR or antigen assays. To identify VOC biomarkers of COVID-19, exhaled breath samples were collected from two sample groups into Tedlar bags: negative COVID-19 (<i>n</i>= 12) and positive COVID-19 symptomatic (<i>n</i>= 14). Next, VOCs were analyzed by headspace solid phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Subjects with COVID-19 displayed a larger number of VOCs as well as overall higher total concentration of VOCs (<i>p</i>< 0.05). Univariate analyses of qualified endogenous VOCs showed approximately 18% of the VOCs were significantly differentially expressed between the two classes (<i>p</i>< 0.05), with most VOCs upregulated. Machine learning multivariate classification algorithms distinguished COVID-19 subjects with over 95% accuracy. The COVID-19 positive subjects could be differentiated into two distinct subgroups by machine learning classification, but these did not correspond with significant differences in number of symptoms. Next, samples were collected from subjects who had previously donated breath bags while experiencing COVID-19, and subsequently recovered (COVID Recovered subjects (<i>n</i>= 11)). Univariate and multivariate results showed >90% accuracy at identifying these new samples as Control (COVID-19 negative), thereby validating the classification model and demonstrating VOCs dysregulated by COVID are restored to baseline levels upon recovery.
Case 1-1977 (1977)

Presentation of CaseA 45-year-old man was admitted to the hospital after collapsing.The patient was apparently well until one day before admission, when he experienced pain in the right leg. On the next day he recalled sitting down somewhere and remembered nothing else until he regained consciousness in the Emergency Ward, where he was brought by police who found him collapsed on a street corner.He was an obese man who appeared apneic on arrival at the Emergency Ward, although the pulse was palpable; he promptly began to breathe with effort. The temperature was not recorded. The pulse was . . .
Combined parenteral and oral immunization results in an enhanced mucosal immunoglobulin A response to Shigella flexneri (1988)

Achieving a vigorous secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) response in intestinal secretions usually requires multiple doses of antigen given orally, while systemic immunity is more easily attained by parenteral immunization. This study examines the role of combined parenteral and oral immunizations to enhance the early mucosal immune response to an enteropathogen. We have used a chronically isolated intestinal-loop model in rabbits as a probe to monitor kinetically the initial (primary) local immune response to shigella lipopolysaccharide (LPS) following combinations of parenteral immunization intramuscularly (i.m.) and oral stimulation with shigellae. Predictably, effective stimulation of systemic immunity was elicited when heat-killed preparations of Shigella sp. strain X16 were given i.m., as shown by strong serum IgG and weak intestinal IgA activity to shigella LPS. A single oral dose of live Shigella sp. strain X16 given to unprimed rabbits elicited only a typical weak IgA response in intestinal secretions. However, when an i.m. dose of heat-killed shigellae was followed 1 day later by an oral dose of live Shigella sp. strain X16, a hyperstimulation of the early secretory IgA response was elicited, and the response reached levels found previously only after multiple oral administrations of live shigellae. This stimulation did not require the use of an adjuvant. At the same time, the animals receiving this combined oral and i.m. regimen had a lower IgG antishigella LPS activity in serum compared with their response after receiving parenteral antigen in adjuvant alone. These findings indicate that while a dichotomy exists between the systemic and mucosal immune responses, careful orchestration of the stimulatory events can promote a vigorous early local IgA response.
Novel approach for nano-patterning magnetic tunnel junctions stacks at narrow pitch: A route towards high density STT-MRAM applications (2017)

Nano-patterning magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) cells at low dimension and very dense pitch remains a challenge for high density STT-MRAM due to the difficulty of MTJ stacks etching. To circumvent this etching issue, this paper demonstrates a novel scalable approach for MTJ nano-patterning at very narrow pitch (pitch = 1.5F, F = MTJ dot diameter) by growing the MTJ material on pre-patterned conducting non-magnetic pillars without post-deposition etching. Advantageously, these pillars could be the vias connecting the different metal levels in CMOS technology. Structural, magnetic and transport properties of so prepared MgO-based MTJs were investigated. The comparison with those obtained by conventional ion beam etching (IBE) shows that this novel approach is quite promising to circumvent the issue of MTJ etching for high density MRAM.
Effect of Gender on Communication of Health Information to Older Adults (2006)

Subject Gender influenced communication effectiveness. A female speaker resulted in identification of more Risks for subjects of both sexes, particularly for Stereotyped narratives. There was no significant effect of matching Subject Gender and Narrator Voice. This study suggests that the sex of the speaker influences the effectiveness of communication with older adults. These findings should motivate future research into the means by which medical providers can improve communication with their patients.