gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prebiotics Promote Good Health (2004)

It is observed that modification of intestinal flora by inherently selectively fermented prebiotics is central in determining their nutritional properties. They interact positively through the large intestinal surface with various physiologic processes and are thought to improve health status by reducing risk for disease (markers).
Alternating Copolymerization of Polar Olefins with Carbon Monoxide (2007)

Palladium-catalyzed alternating copolymerization of olefins with carbon monoxide has been successfully applied to new substrates, namely, 3-perfluoroalkyl-substituted 1-propene (1) and vinyl acetate. The key to success was the choice of ligands. The bulky phosphine-phosphite ligand, (R, S) -BINAPHOS (2e) realized the 1, 2-insertion of 1a, b to enable the subsequent CO insertion. With phosphine-sulfonate ligand 7a, the first example of the alternating copolymerization of vinyl acetate with CO has been performed via CO insertion to the stable chelation intermediate which has never been performed with the conventional ligands for the copolymerization.
Serological assays for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), March 2020 (2020)

BackgroundThe ongoing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has major impacts on health systems, the economy and society. Assessing infection attack rates in the population is critical for estimating disease severity and herd immunity which is needed to calibrate public health interventions. We have previously shown that it is possible to achieve this in real time to impact public health decision making.AimOur objective was to develop and evaluate serological assays applicable in large-scale sero-epidemiological studies.MethodsWe developed an ELISA to detect IgG and IgM antibodies to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We evaluated its sensitivity and specificity in combination with confirmatory microneutralisation (MN) and 90% plaque reduction neutralisation tests (PRNT<sub>90</sub>) in 51 sera from 24 patients with virologically confirmed COVID-19 and in age-stratified sera from 200 healthy controls.ResultsIgG and IgM RBD ELISA, MN and PRNT<sub>90</sub> were reliably positive after 29 days from illness onset with no detectable cross-reactivity in age-stratified controls. We found that PRNT<sub>90</sub> tests were more sensitive in detecting antibody than MN tests carried out with the conventional 100 tissue culture infectious dose challenge. Heparinised plasma appeared to reduce the infectivity of the virus challenge dose and may confound interpretation of neutralisation test.ConclusionUsing IgG ELISA based on the RBD of the spike protein to screen sera for SARS-CoV-2 antibody, followed by confirmation using PRNT<sub>90</sub>, is a valid approach for large-scale sero-epidemiology studies.
The State of Water and Surfactant in Surfactant-Based Lyotropic Liquid Crystals (2020)

The thermodynamic and molecular motional states of water and surfactant, and their thermal transitions, were examined in several surfactant/water lyotropic liquid crystals by DSC, isopiestic vapor pressure, FTIR, and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The presence of the three types of water at room temperature was corroborated by FTIR spectroscopy. Many surfactant/water lamellar liquid crystals exhibit a gel-to-liquid crystal transition. The instrument was calibrated with indium, water and n-octane standards. Surfactants frequently form lyotropic liquid crystalline phases by incorporating in their structures considerable amounts of water and/or organic solvents. Bulk water molecules, in turn, have stronger intermolecular hydrogen bonding, leading to clusters of water molecules that further shift the band frequency to the lower side of the spectrum. The melting enthalpy of water decreases linearly with Brij 58 concentration and becomes zero at about 68 wt%. At this concentration, there are ca. 29 water molecules per molecule of Brij 58, or 1.4 water molecules per ethylene oxide group.
An Interval Tightly Linked to but Distinct From the H2 Complex Controls Both Overt Diabetes (<i>Idd16</i>) and Chronic Experimental Autoimmune Thyroiditis (<i>Ceat1</i>) in Nonobese Diabetic Mice (2002)

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) has long been associated with predisposition to several autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes and autoimmune thyroiditis. In type 1 diabetes, a primary role has been assigned to class II genes, both in humans and in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model. However, an involvement of other tightly linked genes is strongly suspected. Here, through two independent sets of experiments, we provide solid evidence for the existence of at least one such gene. First, using a new recombinant congenic NOD strain, R114, we definitively individualized the Idd16 locus from the MHC in a 6-cM interval proximal to H2-K. It affords almost complete protection against diabetes and is associated with delayed insulitis. Second, by genome scan, we mapped non-H2 genes associated with the highly penetrant form of chronic experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT) that is elicited in NOD and NOD.H2(k) mice by immunization with thyroglobulin. We identified one major dominant locus, Ceat1, on chromosome 17, overlapping with Idd16. Most importantly, R114 recombinant congenic mice challenged with thyroglobulin did not develop chronic EAT. This new major region defined by both Idd16 and Ceat1 might thus concur to the unique strength of the MHC in autoimmune susceptibility of NOD mice.
Noise effects on centroid tracker aim point estimation (1988)

An investigation of errors due to noise in centroid tracker aim-point estimation is presented. The centroid tracker discussed is similar to the tracker described by A.L. Gilbert et al. (1980). Simplifications to this algorithm were made so that the derived models would be consistent with the actual tracker algorithm. Two statistical models are derived which relate image noise effects to computation of the target centroid. The first model, the simplified aim-point error model, is derived by assuming that the probabilities of incorrectly classifying target and background pixels are equal. The second model, the extended aim-point error model, is derived by assuming that the probability of incorrectly classifying a target pixel can differ from the probability of incorrectly classifying a background pixel. These models are described and their mathematical implication is discussed. Simulation results which verify the models are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Co-channel interference cancelation at the user terminal in multibeam satellite systems (2015)

We study the applicability of soft interference cancelation in the forward link of multibeam satellite systems with focus on mobile terminals. We adopt a standard currently used in commercial satellite systems as a reference. The multibeam satellite antenna radiation diagram has been generated using a physical optics reflector model while a widely adopted channel model has been used for the land mobile satellite channel. The interference pattern has been derived using a system simulator developed by the European Space Agency. Starting from the analysis of the interference pattern, we study the application of a low-complexity soft interference cancelation scheme for commercial applications. Our results show that, under realistic conditions, a two-colors frequency reuse scheme can be employed while guaranteeing service availability across the coverage and keeping the complexity at the user terminals relatively low. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Forklift Class II (2019)

Specialized Toyota Class II forklifts for working in narrow aisles, short distances, container entry is not recommended.
Effect of clarithromycin on sputum production and its rheological properties in chronic respiratory tract infections (1995)

Macrolide antibiotics possess a variety of actions other than antimicrobial activities. To determine the effects of long-term administration of clarithromycin (CAM) on the amount and physical properties of sputum in patients with clinical conditions associated with excessive airway secretions, we conducted the present study in a parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled fashion. Patients were divided into two groups: the first group (n = 16) received CAM (100 mg, twice a day) for 8 weeks, and the second group (n = 15) received placebo. In evaluating airway secretion, the daily amount of expectorated sputum, solid composition, viscoelastic properties (including elastic modulus and dynamic viscosity), and sputum microbiology were assessed. CAM decreased sputum production from 51 +/- 6 to 24 +/- 3 g/day after treatment, whereas placebo had no effect. The bacterial density and sputum flora were unaltered. In the group receiving CAM, the percent solid composition and elastic modulus increased from 2.44% +/- 0.29% to 3.01% +/- 0.20% and 66 +/- 7 to 87 +/- 8 dyne/cm2 (P < 0.05), respectively, but the dynamic viscosity remained unchanged. These results suggest that long-term treatment with CAM reduces the amount of sputum production, probably by inhibiting airway secretions, and increases sputum elasticity.
Development of a New Positron Emission Tomography Tracer for Targeting Tumor Angiogenesis: Synthesis, Small Animal Imaging, and Radiation Dosimetry (2013)

Angiogenesis plays a key role in cancer progression and correlates with disease aggressiveness and poor clinical outcomes. Affinity ligands discovered by screening phage display random peptide libraries can be engineered to molecularly target tumor blood vessels for noninvasive imaging and early detection of tumor aggressiveness. In this study, we tested the ability of a phage-display-selected peptide sequence recognizing specifically bone marrow- derived pro-angiogenic tumor-homing cells, the QFP-peptide, radiolabeled with 64Cu radioisotope to selectively image tumor vasculature in vivo by positron emission tomography (PET). To prepare the targeted PET tracer we modified QFP-phage with the DOTA chelator and radiolabeled the purified QFP-phage-DOTA intermediate with 64Cu to obtain QFP-targeted radioconjugate with high radiopharmaceutical yield and specific activity. We evaluated the new PET tracer in vivo in a subcutaneous (s.c.) Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) mouse model and conducted tissue distribution, small animal PET/CT imaging study, autoradiography, histology, fluorescence imaging, and dosimetry assessments. The results from this study show that, in the context of the s.c. LLC immunocompetent mouse model, the QFP-tracer can target tumor blood vessels selectively. However, further optimization of the biodistribution and dosimetry profile of the tracer is necessary to ensure efficient radiopharmaceutical applications enabled by the biological specificity of the QFP-peptide.
The inhibitory role of autolysed yeast of<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae,</i>vitamins B<sub>3</sub>and B<sub>6</sub>on acrylamide formation in potato chips (2014)

The efficiency of vitamins B3, B6, and the autolysed yeast on the decrease of acrylamide formation in potato chips was investigated in this paper and the optimal levels of three additives were summarized. Ten experimental groups including a control group were organized for all additives. Potatoes were soaked in different concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1%) of vitamin B3, B6, and the autolysed yeast treatments. The acrylamide level in potato chips was determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Results indicated 58, 50, and 33% reduction in acrylamide formation, when the vitamins B3, B6, and the autolysed yeast of Saccharomyces cerevisiae addition levels were 1 g/100 g. The elevated inhibitory effect was achieved with an increase in additive concentration. The present study indicated that vitamins B3, B6, and the autolysed yeast could significantly reduce the acrylamide content, without affecting the original flavor and crispness of potato chips.
Comparative analysis of antibacterial activities of Xenorhabdus species on related and non-related bacteria in vivo (2010)

Insect-nematode-bacterium mutualistic associations provide attractive systems for discovery of inter kingdom signal compounds and antibiotics. A better understanding of the biological meaning of the inter-specific diversity of compounds with antimicrobial activity of theSteinernema-symbiont Xenorhabdus bacteria may provide options for simultaneous applications in pathogen control. Anti-bacterial activities of representative strains ofXenorhabdus budapestensis, Xenorhabdus szentirmaii, Xenorhabdus innexi, Xenorhabdus ehlersii, Xenorhabdus nematophila, Xenorhabdus bovienii and Xenorhabdus cabanillassiiwere tested on non-related (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria and on each other by previously published bioassays. All active compounds were adsorbed by AmberliteR XAD1180. Chemical and thermal stability of antibacterial factors were determined. Antibiotic factors produced by different Xenorhabdus species against each other differ from those used against other competing bacterial genera. Anti-Xenorhabdusactivity of the cell-free medium and sensitivity of the cells of other Xenorhabdus strains negatively correlated in X. innexi and X. bovienii. Some activity remained unchanged during high pressure and 121°C for 10 min. The first comparative analysis of the intraspecific antibacterial activities of Xenorhabdus species demonstrated that some Xenorhabdusspecies with strong antibacterial activity could be co-cultured and they might be used simultaneously for pathogen control.

	 

	Key words: Xenorhabdus, autoclaveable antimicrobials, intra-generic, cross-tolerance
Linking TEM Analytical Spectroscopies for an Assumptionless Compositional Analysis (2014)

The classical implementation for putting quantitative figures on maps to reveal elemental compositions in transmission electron microscopy is by analytical methods like X-ray and energy-loss spectroscopy. Typically, the technique in use often depends on whether lighter or heavier elements are present and-more practically-which calibrations are available or sample-related properties are known. A framework linking electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) signals such that absolute volumetric concentrations can be derived without assumptions made a priori about the unknown sample, is largely missing. In order to combine both techniques and harness their respective potentials for a light and heavy element analysis, we have set up a powerful hardware configuration and implemented an experimental approach, which reduces the need for estimates on many parameters needed for quantitative work such as densities, absolute thicknesses, theoretical ionization cross-sections, etc. Calibrations on specimens with known geometry allow the measurement of inelastic mean free paths. As a consequence, mass-thicknesses obtained from the EDX ζ-factor approach can be broken up and quantities like concentrations and partial energy-differential ionization cross-sections become accessible. ζ-factors can then be used for conversion into EELS cross-sections that are hard to determine otherwise, or conversely, connecting EDXS and EELS in a quantitative manner quite effectively.
Integration of Metabolic Modeling and Phenotypic Data in Evaluation and Improvement of Ethanol Production Using Respiration-Deficient Mutants of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (2008)

Flux balance analysis and phenotypic data were used to provide clues to the relationships between the activities of gene products and the phenotypes resulting from the deletion of genes involved in respiratory function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The effect of partial or complete respiratory deficiency on the ethanol production and growth characteristics of hap4Delta/hap4Delta, mig1Delta/mig1Delta, qdr3Delta/qdr3Delta, pdr3Delta/pdr3Delta, qcr7Delta/qcr7Delta, cyt1Delta/cyt1Delta, and rip1Delta/rip1Delta mutants grown in microaerated chemostats was investigated. The study provided additional evidence for the importance of the selection of a physiologically relevant objective function, and it may improve quantitative predictions of exchange fluxes, as well as qualitative estimations of changes in intracellular fluxes. Ethanol production was successfully predicted by flux balance analysis in the case of the qdr3Delta/qdr3Delta mutant, with maximization of ethanol production as the objective function, suggesting an additional role for Qdr3p in respiration. The absence of similar changes in estimated intracellular fluxes in the qcr7Delta/qcr7Delta mutant compared to the rip1Delta/rip1Delta and cyt1Delta/cyt1Delta mutants indicated that the effect of the deletion of this subunit of complex III was somehow compensated for. Analysis of predicted flux distributions indicated self-organization of intracellular fluxes to avoid NAD(+)/NADH imbalance in rip1Delta/rip1Delta and cyt1Delta/cyt1Delta mutants, but not the qcr7Delta/qcr7Delta mutant. The flux through the glycerol efflux channel, Fps1p, was estimated to be zero in all strains under the investigated conditions. This indicates that previous strategies for improving ethanol production, such as the overexpression of the glutamate synthase gene GLT1 in a GDH1 deletion background or deletion of the glycerol efflux channel gene FPS1 and overexpression of GLT1, are unnecessary in a respiration-deficient background.
Local expression and distribution of a storage protein in the ovary of<i>Hyphantria cunea</i> (2001)

Storage protein-1 (HcSP-1) is a major storage protein found in the hemolymph and fat body of Hyphantria cunea. HcSP-1 has a high methionine (6.0%) and low aromatic amino acid content (8.5%) (Cheon et al., 1998). In this study, the accumulation and expression of HcSP-1 in ovary was investigated using biochemical and immunocytochemical methods. HcSP-1 was detected in the ovaries in 6-day-old pupae and accumulated toward the end of pupal life, when HcSP-1 transcripts were detectable by Northern blot analysis and RT-PCR. In situ hybridization showed that the HcSP-1 mRNA was located in the nurse cells and follicular epithelial cells, but not in the oocyte. Though most of the HcSP-1 that is incorporated in the yolk bodies of the oocyte is probably sequestered from the surrounding hemolymph, HcSP-1 is an important yolk protein contributing to early yolk body formation before the development of patency by the follicular epithelium.
In Vivo Fluoroscopic Analysis Of Fixed-Bearing Total Knee Replacements (2003)

In vivo kinematic patterns were determined for subjects (patients participating in the study), having either a fixed-bearing posterior-stabilized or posterior cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty. While under fluoroscopic surveillance, subjects did normal gait and a deep knee bend. Video images were downloaded to a workstation computer and analyzed in three dimensions using an iterative model-fitting approach. Femorotibial contact paths for the medial and lateral condyles, axial rotation, and condylar lift-off were determined. During a deep knee bend, subjects having a posterior-stabilized total knee arthroplasty routinely experienced posterior femoral rollback of their lateral condyle and normal axial rotational patterns, whereas random subjects having a posterior cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty experienced paradoxical anterior sliding and opposite axial rotational patterns. During gait, posterior-stabilized and posterior cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasties experienced similar kinematic patterns, with the presence of paradoxical sliding and opposite axial rotational patterns. Subjects having posterior-stabilized and posterior cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasties experienced condylar lift-off. Subjects having a posterior cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty predominantly experienced lateral condylar lift-off whereas subjects with posterior-stabilized total knee arthroplasties experienced either medial or lateral condylar lift-off. Subjects having a posterior-stabilized total knee arthroplasty experienced significantly greater weightbearing range of motion.
태권체조 참여 노인의 인지된 여가만족이 정신건강에 미치는 영향 (2010)

본 연구는 초 고령화 사회로 접어들고 있는 우리나라의 노인문제를 해결하기 위한 방안을 제공하고자 서울 및 경기지역을 중심으로 노년기 태권체조 프로그램이 진행되고 있는 노인복지관, 보건소, 체육관(도장)을 직접 방문하여 총 388명의 자료를 연구 대상으로 하였다. 또한 태권체조 참여노인의 여가만족은 정신건강에 영향을 미칠 것이라는 가설을 설정하고 이를 검증하고자 SPSS(Ver. 12.0) 통계프로그램을 이용하여 빈도분석, 요인분석, 상관분석, 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 위와 같은 연구방법을 통하여 다음과 같은 결론이 도출되었다. 첫째, 여가만족의 하위요인 중 심리적 만족은 불안, 강박증, 대인예민증, 적대감, 공포불안, 신체화에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 여가만족의 하위요인 중 환경적 만족은 우울에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 여가만족의 하위요인 중 사회적 만족은 불안, 편집증, 적대감, 공포불안, 신체화, 우울, 정신증에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤다. 넷째, 여가만족의 하위요인 중 교육적 만족은 불안, 강박증, 대인예민증, 정신증에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤다. 다섯째, 여가만족의 하위요인 중 신체적 만족은 적대감, 공포불안, 신체화, 우울에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤다. 여섯째, 여가만족의 하위요인 중 휴식적 만족은 정신건강에 유의한 영향력을 미치지 않았다.
Mutation spectrum of MLL2 in a cohort of kabuki syndrome patients (2011)

This study emphasizes the relevance of mutational screening of the MLL2 gene among patients diagnosed with Kabuki syndrome. The identification of a large spectrum of MLL2 mutations possibly offers the opportunity to improve the actual knowledge on the clinical basis of this multiple congenital anomalies/mental retardation syndrome, design functional studies to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this disease, establish genotype-phenotype correlations and improve clinical management.
Lipidation of Cysteine or Cysteine‐Containing Peptides Using the Thiol‐Ene Reaction (CLipPA) (2016)

Abstract The efficient synthesis of N α ‐protected S ‐palmitoylated cysteine building blocks using thiol‐ene coupling is described. These building blocks were incorporated into a resin‐bound peptide under racemisation‐suppressing conditions, and the degree of racemisation during the coupling process was assessed. The direct conjugation of vinyl palmitate with the sulfhydryl side‐chain of a cysteine residue on a semiprotected peptide was also studied. The reaction gave both mono‐ and bispalmitoylated cysteine residues in varying proportions, depending on the reaction conditions adopted.
A Survey on Context-Aware Mobile and Wireless Networking: On Networking and Computing Environments' Integration (2012)

During the last years, a continuous convergence and fusion of computing and networking systems is stressed in the ICT research community. Context awareness appears to be a major research "glue-point" of such kind of heterogeneous environments' integration. In this survey paper, we aim to assemble all the "puzzle-pieces" of the emerging research area of Context Aware Mobile and Wireless Networking (CAMoWiN) in order to provide the reader a holistic representation of the work having been done in the past emphasizing in recent research efforts. A precise definition of abstract Context Aware (CA) functionalities together with a clear classification of related state-of-the-art proposals are provided in the form of a proposed taxonomy scheme per CA functionality. Each taxonomy scheme can also serve as a sufficiently general framework permitting the easy classification of novel CAMoWiN solutions emerging in the near future. Therefore, our study not only defines all the possible components of a CAMoWiN architecture and clearly points out the similarities and differences of all research efforts in the field but also evaluates future research trends and paves the way for the researchers to work beyond the concepts investigated in this work. Finally, apart from identifying the open challenges, which arise when applying traditional concepts of pervasive computing to mobile and wireless networks, we further map them to the Mobile Cloud Computing paradigm, whose concepts appear to be very promising regarding next generation networking and computing environments' integration.