gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Fast Augmented Lagrangian Method for Euler's Elastica Models (2013)

In this paper, a fast algorithm for Euler’s elastica functional is proposed, in which the Euler’s elastica functional is reformulated as a constrained minimization problem. Combining the augmented Lagrangian method and operator splitting techniques, the resulting saddle-point problem is solved by a serial of subproblems. To tackle the nonlinear constraints arising in the model, a novel fixed-point-based approach is proposed so that all the subproblems either is a linear problem or has a closed-form solution. We show the good performance of our approach in terms of speed and reliability using numerous numerical examples on synthetic, real-world and medical images for image denoising, image inpainting and image zooming problems.
Experimental verification of a novel method of extraction of nonstationary sinusoids (2003)

Experimental verification of the functionality of a novel method of detection, extraction and estimation of amplitude, phase and frequency of sinusoids of time-varying nature is presented. A set of nonlinear differential equations governs the dynamics of the algorithm. The proposed algorithm has been digitally implemented on a digital signal processor (DSP) platform and the laboratory verification of its performance is presented. The algorithm has a very simple structure which renders it suitable for implementation both on hardware and software platforms.
Molecular characterization of familial hypercholesterolemia in Spain: Identification of 39 novel and 77 recurrent mutations in LDLR (2004)

Mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene cause familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), an autosomal dominant inherited disorder associated with an increased risk of premature atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to characterize the LDLR mutations in a group of 476 apparently non-related Spanish FH patients. The promoter region and the 18 exons with their flanking intron sequences of the LDLR gene were screened by PCR-SSCP analysis and DNA sequencing. In addition, we tested for the presence of the mutation p.R3500Q in the gene coding for apolipoprotein B-100 (apo B-100). We found 77 mutations previously described, and 39 novel mutations affecting the LDLR gene: 8 missense, 5 nonsense, 15 frameshift, 5 splicing, 4 in frame, one nucleotide change in the non-coding sequence of exon 1, and one silent variant. We have identified al least one of these LDLR gene mutations in 329 subjects (69%). Four patients were homozygous, 4 patients were compound heterozygous, 48 patients were found to carry two different sequence variants in the same allele and 4 patients carried three different sequence variants in the same allele. Additionally, 4 subjects were carriers of the p.R3500Q mutation in the apo B gene. All of these findings indicate that there is a broad spectrum of mutations and sequence variants in the LDLR gene causing FH in Spain.
Secret Key Generation Based on AoA Estimation for Low SNR Conditions (2014)

In the context of physical layer security, a physical layer characteristic is used as a common source of randomness to generate the secret key. Therefore an accurate estimation of this characteristic is the core for reliable secret key generation. Estimation of almost all the existing physical layer characteristic suffer dramatically at low signal to noise (SNR) levels. In this paper, we propose a novel secret key generation algorithm that is based on the estimated angle of arrival (AoA) between the two legitimate nodes. Our algorithm has an outstanding performance at very low SNR levels. Our algorithm can exploit either the Azimuth AoA to generate the secret key or both the Azimuth and Elevation angles to generate the secret key. Exploiting a second common source of randomness adds an extra degree of freedom to the performance of our algorithm. We compare the performance of our algorithm to the algorithm that uses the most commonly used characteristics of the physical layer which are channel amplitude and phase. We show that our algorithm has a very low bit mismatch rate (BMR) at very low SNR when both channel amplitude and phase based algorithm fail to achieve an acceptable BMR.
The Effect of Nonstructural Carbohydrate and Addition of Full Fat Extruded Soybeans on the Concentration of Conjugated Linoleic Acid in the Milk Fat of Dairy Cows (2000)

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a naturally occurring anticarcinogen found in dairy products, is a byproduct of incomplete ruminal biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids. Our objective was to determine the effect of nonstructural carbohydrate sources, addition of full fat extruded soybeans as a source of unsaturated fatty acids, and possible interactions on the milk fat content of CLA. Cows (n = 20) were assigned to a 4 x 4 Latin square involving two sources of nonstructural carbohydrate, high starch (corn) or high pectin (citrus pulp), with or without addition of extruded soybeans. Milk yield was not affected by nonstructural carbohydrate source, but milk production was increased by 7.8 to 10.5% with dietary additions of extruded soybeans. Milk fat content did not differ between treatments, but fatty acid composition was affected. Cows fed extruded soybean diets had reduced concentrations of C8 to C16 fatty acids and increased concentrations of octadecenoic acids. Diets with extruded soybeans also resulted in more than a doubling in milk fat concentration and yield of CLA. Nonstructural carbohydrate source had only minor effects on CLA, and there was no interaction with extruded soybeans. Milk fat content of trans-C18:1 and CLA were closely related (r2 = 0.77). However, variation among cows was about threefold for each of the diets and rank order of individual cows differed among diets. Overall, we demonstrated that diet modification can be used to alter CLA content of milk fat, but there was substantial individual cow variation for all diets.
Human kallikrein 2 (hK2), but not prostate‐specific antigen (PSA), rapidly complexes with protease inhibitor 6 (PI‐6) released from prostate carcinoma cells (2001)

Human kallikrein 2 (hK2) is a secreted, trypsin-like protease that shares 80% amino acid sequence identity with prostate-specific antigen (PSA). hK2 has been shown to be a serum marker for prostate cancer and may also play a role in cancer progression and metastasis. We have previously identified a novel complex between human kallikrein 2 (hK2) and protease inhibitor 6 (PI-6) in prostate cancer tissue. PI-6 is an intracellular serine protease inhibitor with both antitrypsin and antichymotrypsin activity. In the current study we have shown that PI-6 forms a rapid in vitro complex with hK2 but does not complex with PSA. Recombinant mammalian cells expressing both hK2 and PI-6 showed hK2-PI-6 complex in the spent media only after cell death and lysis. Similarly, LNCaP cells expressing endogenous hK2 and PI-6 showed extracellular hK2-PI-6 complex formation concurrently with cell death. Immunostaining of prostate cancer tissues with PI-6 monoclonal antibodies showed a marked preferential staining pattern in cancerous epithelial cells compared with noncancerous tissue. These results indicate that the hK2-PI-6 complex may be a naturally occurring marker of tissue damage and necrosis associated with neoplasia. Both hK2 and PI-6 were shed into the lumen of prostate cancer glands as granular material that appeared to be cellular necrotic debris. The differential staining pattern of PI6 in tissues suggests a complex regulation of PI-6 expression that may play a role in other aspects of neoplastic progression.
Development of Welded Rotors for High-Temperature Steam Turbines (2005)

Steam turbine plants face strict market demand for high-temperature operation, streamlining, and shortened delivery times. The welded rotor enables streamlining through the use of material most appropriate for high to low-temperature parts. The use of materials will also enable a shift to larger capacity and shorter delivery times. The hetero-material welded rotor consisting of 2.25CrMoV, 9%Cr, and 3.5NiCrMoV steel was developed to meet these demands and verified at Takasago combined cycle plant. The plant has been conducting commercial and proving operations on the rotors. In this paper the authors introduce verification of work execution, strength, thermal stability, inspection for the welded rotor, and actual machine commercial operation.
Micro‐ and Nanotechnologies to Engineer Bone Regeneration (2013)

In this chapter, selected published articles pertaining to micro- and nanotechnologies for bone tissue engineering are reviewed with a focus on development of scaffolds. Nanoparticles and nanofibers have shown to improve the mechanical properties of biodegradable polymeric implants. Non-union bone fractures are a major health care concern in the United States. One of the most widely used strategies in bone tissue engineering is the use of scaffolds for temporary structural support. Scaffolds are porous biomaterials and play a central role in tissue engineering approaches by guiding cell proliferation and assisting the exchange of nutrients and waste. Scaffolds made with micro- and nanoparticles and micro- and nanofibers show much promise as they impart the ability to create scaffolds with appropriate mechanical properties and microenvironment. The chapter discusses micro/nanomaterials of hydroxyapatite, a variety of synthetic polymers, and silk, and their potential for use as bone tissue engineering scaffolds.
Microcolumn size exclusion chromatography with polymeric stationary phases (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMicrocolumn size exclusion chromatography with polymeric stationary phasesHernan J. Cortes and Curtis D. PfeifferCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 10, 1476–1480Publication Date (Print):May 15, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 May 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00058a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00058a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views147Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Factor XII inhibition reduces thrombus formation in a primate thrombosis model (2014)

The plasma zymogens factor XII (fXII) and factor XI (fXI) contribute to thrombosis in a variety of mouse models. These proteins serve a limited role in hemostasis, suggesting that antithrombotic therapies targeting them may be associated with low bleeding risks. Although there is substantial epidemiologic evidence supporting a role for fXI in human thrombosis, the situation is not as clear for fXII. We generated monoclonal antibodies (9A2 and 15H8) against the human fXII heavy chain that interfere with fXII conversion to the protease factor XIIa (fXIIa). The anti-fXII antibodies were tested in models in which anti-fXI antibodies are known to have antithrombotic effects. Both anti-fXII antibodies reduced fibrin formation in human blood perfused through collagen-coated tubes. fXII-deficient mice are resistant to ferric chloride-induced arterial thrombosis, and this resistance can be reversed by infusion of human fXII. 9A2 partially blocks, and 15H8 completely blocks, the prothrombotic effect of fXII in this model. 15H8 prolonged the activated partial thromboplastin time of baboon and human plasmas. 15H8 reduced fibrin formation in collagen-coated vascular grafts inserted into arteriovenous shunts in baboons, and reduced fibrin and platelet accumulation downstream of the graft. These findings support a role for fXII in thrombus formation in primates.
Biosynthetic Pathway for Mannopeptimycins, Lipoglycopeptide Antibiotics Active against Drug-Resistant Gram-Positive Pathogens (2006)

The mannopeptimycins are a novel class of lipoglycopeptide antibiotics active against multidrug-resistant pathogens with potential as clinically useful antibacterials. This report is the first to describe the biosynthesis of this novel class of mannosylated lipoglycopeptides. Included here are the cloning, sequencing, annotation, and manipulation of the mannopeptimycin biosynthetic gene cluster from Streptomyces hygroscopicus NRRL 30439. Encoded by genes within the mannopeptimycin biosynthetic gene cluster are enzymes responsible for the generation of the hexapeptide core (nonribosomal peptide synthetases [NRPS]) and tailoring reactions (mannosylation, isovalerylation, hydroxylation, and methylation). The NRPS system is noncanonical in that it has six modules utilizing only five amino acid-specific adenylation domains and it lacks a prototypical NRPS macrocyclizing thioesterase domain. Analysis of the mannopeptimycin gene cluster and its engineering has elucidated the mannopeptimycin biosynthetic pathway and provides the framework to make new and improved mannopeptimycins biosynthetically.
Pressure-Activated Electrical Interconnection During Micro-Transfer-Printing (2016)

Sharp electrically conductive structures integrated into micro-transfer-print compatible components provide an approach to forming electrically interconnected systems during the assembly procedure. Silicon micromachining techniques are used to fabricate print-compatible components with integrated, electrically conductive, pressure-concentrating structures. The geometry of the structures allow them to penetrate a polymer receiving layer during the elastomer stamp printing operation, and reflow of the polymer following the transfer completes the electrical interconnection when capillary action forces the gold-coated pressure-concentrator into a metal landing site. Experimental results and finite element simulations support a discussion of the mechanics of the interconnection.
Video Relation Detection via Multiple Hypothesis Association (2020)

Video visual relation detection (VidVRD) aims at obtaining not only the trajectories of objects but also the dynamic visual relations between them. It provides abundant information for video understanding and can serve as a bridge between vision and language. Compared with visual relation detection on image, VidVRD requires one more step at last called visual relation association which associates relation segments across time dimension into video relations. This step plays an important role in the task but is less studied. Nevertheless, visual relation association is a difficult task as the association process is easily affected by inaccurate tracklet detection and relation prediction in the former steps. In this paper, we propose a novel relation association method called Multiple Hypothesis Association (MHA). It maintains multiple possible relation hypothesis during the association process in order to tolerate and handle the inaccurate or missing problem in the former steps and generate more accurate video relations. Our experiments on the benchmark datasets (Imagenet-VidVRD and VidOR) show that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.
Centimeter‐Scale and Visible Wavelength Monolayer Light‐Emitting Devices (2019)

Abstract Monolayer 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have shown great promise for optoelectronic applications due to their direct bandgaps and unique physical properties. In particular, they can possess photoluminescence quantum yields (PL QY) approaching unity at the ultimate thickness limit, making their application in light‐emitting devices highly promising. Here, large‐area WS 2 grown via chemical vapor deposition is synthesized and characterized for visible (red) light‐emitting devices. Detail optical characterization of the synthesized films is performed, which show peak PL QY as high as 12%. Electrically pumped emission from the synthetic WS 2 is achieved utilizing a transient‐mode electroluminescence device structure, which consists of a single metal–semiconductor contact and alternating gate fields to achieve bipolar emission. Utilizing this aforementioned structure, a centimeter‐scale ( ≈ 0.5 cm 2 ) visible (640 nm) display is demonstrated, fabricated using TMDCs to showcase the potential of this material system for display applications.
Fabrication and characterization of laser micromachined hollow microneedles (2004)

Three-dimensional arrays of hollow and solid microneedles have been fabricated using laser micromachining techniques. Excimer (UV) and infrared (IR) laser machining was used to create molds for electrodeposition of metals. Mold materials included polyimide (Kapton), polyethylene terephthalate (Mylar), and titanium. IR laser machining was also used to cut solid needle designs directly from stainless steel. The mechanical stability and insertion characteristics of hollow microneedles were tested. The force necessary for insertion was found to vary linearly with the interfacial area of the microneedle. The force necessary for the fracture of a microneedle was found to increase with the tip diameter, wall angle, and wall thickness. Over the range of microneedle geometries tested, the margin of safety between the force for insertion and the force for fracture was the greatest for microneedles with the smallest diameter and the greatest wall thickness.
Role of Continuous Phase Protein on the Oxidative Stability of Fish Oil-in-Water Emulsions (2004)

Whey protein isolate (WPI), soy protein isolate (SPI), and sodium caseinate (CAS) can inhibit lipid oxidation when they produce a positive charge at the interface of emulsion droplets. However, when proteins are used to stabilize oil-in-water emulsions, only a fraction of them actually absorb to the emulsion droplets, with the rest remaining in the continuous phase. The impact of these continuous phase proteins on the oxidative stability of protein-stabilized emulsions is not well understood. WPI-stabilized menhaden oil-in-water emulsions were prepared by high-pressure homogenization. In some experiments WPI was removed from the continuous phase of the emulsions through repeated centrifugation and resuspension of the emulsion droplets (washed emulsion). Unwashed emulsions were more oxidatively stable than washed emulsions at pH 7.0, suggesting that continuous phase proteins were antioxidative. The oxidative stability of emulsions containing different kinds of protein in the continuous phase decreased in the order SPI > CAS > WPI, as determined by both hydroperoxide and headspace propanal formation. Iron-binding studies showed that the chelating ability of the proteins decreased in the order CAS > SPI > WPI. The free sulfhydryls of both WPI and SPI were involved in their antioxidant activity. This research shows that continuous phase proteins could be an effective means of protecting omega-3 fatty acids from oxidative deterioration.
Large Scale Purification of Human Fibroblast Interferon (1980)

Human fibroblast interferon was partially purified, about 4,000-fold, on a chromatographic tandem of columns: concanavalin A-agarose leads to phenyl-agarose, to a specific activity of ca 4 x 10(7). The overall recovery of interferon activity was ca 60%.
Electrochemical Evaluation of Porous Non‐Platinum Oxygen Reduction Catalysts for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells (2009)

Abstract A porous non‐platinum electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), obtained by pyrolysing a cobalt porphyrin precursor, was evaluated by electrochemical means. The reactivity of the non‐platinum ORR catalyst was investigated with a rotating disc electrode (RDE) experimental set up. RDE data were collected in an acidic electrolyte containing N 2 , O 2 , CO and under mixed reactant O 2 /methanol conditions. The electrochemical performance of such‐obtained non‐platinum catalyst is discussed and compared to platinum‐based ORR catalysts. Based on the results collected here, we are able to propose and test possible proton exchange fuel cell (PEFC) operating conditions where non‐platinum ORR catalysts can be utilised. Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) data demonstrating a superior performance of the non‐platinum catalyst relative to platinum black, often perceived as the state‐of‐the‐art oxygen–reduction catalyst for the DMFC cathode is presented.
Deposition of Thin Polymeric Films from Liquid Carbon Dioxide Using a High-Pressure Free-Meniscus Coating Process (2003)

Free-meniscus coating processes can be used to deposit a wide variety of coatings. However, the physical properties of the coating solutions often lead to the deposition of nonuniform films. Recently, it has been recognized that compressed carbon dioxide can be used as an environmentally benign solvent for industrial processes. We investigate the use of liquid carbon dioxide as the solvent in free-meniscus coating processes because its physical properties are much different from standard coating solvents. The surface tension and viscosity of liquid carbon dioxide are an order of magnitude smaller than those of typical solvents. Additionally, the density of liquid carbon dioxide is strongly dependent on temperature and pressure. The Tallmadge four-force inertial theory is used to demonstrate that these unique physical properties will result in the formation of thinner films at the same withdrawal velocities as those used with conventional solvents. We then demonstrate experimentally that process variables can be controlled in a high-pressure coating chamber to deposit films of a perfluoropolyether lubricant with controlled thickness in the range of 25−350 Å on a silicon surface with a native oxide. It is shown that the withdrawal velocity, polymer solution concentration, and evaporation rate can be used to control the coating process to produce submicron films on a surface.
AlInGaAs/AlGaAs separate-confinement heterostructure strained single quantum well diode lasers grown by organometallic vapor phase epitaxy (1991)

Separate-confinement heterostructure diode lasers containing a strained Al0.18In0.20Ga0.62 As single quantum well active layer and Al0.25Ga0.75As confining layers have been fabricated from structures grown on GaAs substrates by low-pressure organometallic vapor phase epitaxy. The emission wavelength of these devices is 814 nm. Threshold current density is as low as 103 A cm−2 for cavity length L=1500 μm, and differential quantum efficiency as high as 90% for L=280 μm. The characteristic temperature T0 is 214 K between 10 and 40 °C, and 159 K between 40 and 80 °C. Preliminary tests of cw operation suggest that these lasers are more reliable than AlGaAs/AlGaAs lasers.
Two-dimensional indium gallium arsenide avalanche photodiode arrays for high sensitivity, high speed imaging (2003)

A 32 /spl times/ 32 element InGaAs focal plane array was demonstrated. These arrays may find application in 3-dimensional imaging systems. APD arrays will be advantageous in these systems since the bandwidths required of the readout integrated circuits push their noise performance into the regime where avalanche photodiodes are useful. Further work is underway on both readout integrated circuits for the arrays, as well as integrated microlenses that will improve the fill-factor of the arrays.