gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional heat-induced echo-strain imaging for monitoring high-intensity acoustic ablation (2009)

Three dimensional heat-induced echo-strain imaging is a potentially useful tool for monitoring the formation of thermal lesions during ablative therapy. Heat-induced echo-strain, known as thermal strain, is due to the changes in the speed of propagating ultrasound signals and to tissue expansion during heat deposition. This paper presents a complete system for targeting and intraoperative monitoring of thermal ablation by high intensity focused acoustic applicators. A special software interface has been developed to enable motor motion control of 3D mechanical probes and rapid acquisition of 3D-RF data (ultrasound raw data after the beam-forming unit). Ex-vivo phantom and tissue studies were performed in a controlled laboratory environment. While B-mode ultrasound does not clearly identify the development of either necrotic lesions or the deposited thermal dose, the proposed 3D echo-strain imaging can visualize these changes, demonstrating agreement with temperature sensor readings and gross-pathology. Current results also demonstrate feasibility for realtime computation through a parallelized implementation for the algorithm used. Typically, 125 frames per volume can be processed in less than a second. We also demonstrate motion compensation that can account for shift within frames due to either tissue movement or positional error in the US 3D imaging probe.
Security Threat Identification and Testing (2015)

Business applications are more and more collaborative (cross-domains, cross-devices, service composition). Security shall focus on the overall application scenario including the interplay between its entities/devices/services, not only on the isolated systems within it. In this paper we propose the Security Threat Identification And TEsting (STIATE) toolkit to support development teams toward security assessment of their under-development applications focusing on subtle security logic flaws that may go undetected by using current industrial technology. At design-time, STIATE supports the development teams toward threat modeling and analysis by identifying automatically potential threats (via model checking and mutation techniques) on top of sequence diagrams enriched with security annotations (including WHAT-IF conditions). At run-time, STIATE supports the development teams toward testing by exploiting the identified threats to automatically generate and execute test cases on the up and running application. We demonstrate the usage of the STIATE toolkit on an application scenario employing the SAML Single Sign-On multi-party protocol, a well-known industrial security standard largely studied in previous literature.
Grating interferometer based scanning setup for hard x-ray phase contrast imaging (2007)

In x-ray radiography, particularly for technical and industrial applications, a scanning setup is very often favorable when compared to a direct two-dimensional image acquisition. Here, we report on an efficient scanning method for grating based x-ray phase contrast imaging with tube based sources. It uses multiple line detectors for staggered acquisition of the individual phase-stepping images. We find that the total exposure time does not exceed the time needed in an equivalent scanning setup for absorption radiography. Therefore, we conclude that it should be possible to implement the method into a scanning system without affecting the scanning speed or significant increase in cost but with the advantage of providing both the phase contrast and the absorption information at once.
Studies on antifungal agents. Novel cis-5-alkyl (or alkenyl)-3-phenyl-3-(1H-azol-1-ylmethyl)-2-methyl-isoxazolidine derivatives. (1990)

The preparation and in vitro antifungal activity of a novel series of cis-5-alkyl (or alkenyl)-3-phenyl-3-(1H-azol-1-ylmethyl)-2-methylisoxazol idines are described. The overall activity of the 3-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl) analogues was higher than that of the corresponding 3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl) derivatives. Compound 4b emerged as the most potent derivative. When compared to ketoconazole, several of the analogues tested demonstrated equipotent or superior activity against Trichophyton and Candida sp.
Fluorinated Poly(Phenylene Ether Ketones) (1994)

Fluorinated poly(phenylene ether ketones) are colorless, transparent, low-dielectric-constant, highly thermally stable polymers. Particularly suitable for use as film and coating materials in electronic and thermal-control applications such as; passivant insulating coats and interlevel dielectrics in microelectronic circuits, or as protective transparent coats on solar cells or mirrors. Solubility and transparency of 12F-PEK along with its lower dielectric constant and other properties make it more useful as dielectric film and coating material in many applications.
Physicochemical Characteristics and Droplet Impact Dynamics of Superhydrophobic Carbon Nanotube Arrays (2014)

The physicochemical and droplet impact dynamics of superhydrophobic carbon nanotube arrays are investigated. These superhydrophobic arrays are fabricated simply by exposing the as-grown carbon nanotube arrays to a vacuum annealing treatment at a moderate temperature. This treatment, which allows a significant removal of oxygen adsorbates, leads to a dramatic change in wettability of the arrays, from mildly hydrophobic to superhydrophobic. Such change in wettability is also accompanied by a substantial change in surface charge and electrochemical properties. Here, the droplet impact dynamics are characterized in terms of critical Weber number, coefficient of restitution, spreading factor, and contact time. Based on these characteristics, it is found that superhydrophobic carbon nanotube arrays are among the best water-repellent surfaces ever reported. The results presented herein may pave a way for the utilization of superhydrophobic carbon nanotube arrays in numerous industrial and practical applications, including inkjet printing, direct injection engines, steam turbines, and microelectronic fabrication.
Antineoplastic Agents 500. Narcistatin<sup>,1</sup> (2002)

An efficient procedure was found for synthetic conversion of the sparingly soluble anticancer isocarbostyril narciclasine (1), a component of various Narcissus species, to a cyclic phosphate designated narcistatin (3b). The reaction between narciclasine, tetrabutylammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and p-toluenesulfonic acid in pyridine afforded pyridinium narcistatin (3a) in reasonable yields. Transformation of narcistatin (3a) to, for example, the water-soluble prodrug sodium narcistatin (3d) was easily achieved by cation exchange chromatography. Narcistatin (3b) and 15 salt derivatives were evaluated against a panel of human cancer cell lines, and the range (0.1-0.01) of GI(50) values in micro g/mL was found to parallel that shown by the parent narciclasine.
A Survey of Color Mapping and its Applications (2014)

Color mapping or color transfer methods aim to recolor a given image or video by deriving a mapping between that image and another image serving as a reference. This class of methods has received considerable attention in recent years, both in academic literature and in industrial applications. Methods for recoloring images have often appeared under the labels of color correction, color transfer or color balancing, to name a few, but their goal is always the same: mapping the colors of one image to another. In this report, we present a comprehensive overview of these methods and offer a classification of current solutions depending not only on their algorithmic formulation but also their range of applications. We discuss the relative merit of each class of techniques through examples and show how color mapping solutions can and have been applied to a diverse range of problems.
Monoclonal antibody with hemagglutination, immobilization, and neutralization activities defines an immunodominant, 47,000 mol wt, surface-exposed immunogen of Treponema pallidum (Nichols). (1984)

Radioimmunoprecipitation (RIP) analyses performed on 125I-surface-labeled Treponema pallidum cells using various immune sera revealed the presence of six major surface antigens (immunogens) with apparent molecular weights of 47 K, 36 K, 34 K, 32 K, 29 K, and 13 K. Among these, the 47 K surface antigen was most abundant. Radioimmunoprecipitation assays using 125I-labeled T. phagedenis biotype Reiter or immunoblot analyses using the same strain, failed to reveal the presence of the 47 K mol wt antigen in the representative nonpathogenic treponeme. Preabsorption of anti-T. pallidum immune rabbit serum (IRS) with the Reiter organism did not remove anti-T. pallidum antibodies from immune serum that reacted with the 47 K mol wt immunogen or other immunogens of T. pallidum present in the characteristic antigenic profile. Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) directed specifically against the 47 K mol wt immunogen of T. pallidum also failed to react with an analogous 47 K mol wt component in Treponema phagedenis biotype Reiter, further suggesting the unique presence of this antigen in pathogenic treponemes. The presence of the 47 K mol wt surface immunogen in pathogenic treponemes other than T. pallidum subspecies pallidum was also observed (43). Anti-47 K immunogen mAb was nonreactive against rabbit IgG or IgM. mAb directed specifically against the 47 K mol wt immunogen of T. pallidum was examined for strategic functional activities. It was found to be reactive in the microhemagglutination assay for T. pallidum antibodies, the T. pallidum immobilization test, and was found to be capable of significant blockage of attachment of virulent T. pallidum to host cells in tissue culture. Additional significant biological activity for the anti-47 K mol wt immunogen mAb was revealed through results of the in vitro-in vivo neutralization test of Bishop and Miller, in which a 99% or 100% neutralizing activity was demonstrated. The combined data of this study suggest that the 47 K mol wt immunogen of T. pallidum represents an abundant, immunodominant, surface-exposed immunogen possessing potential biological importance in the pathogenesis and immunology of T. pallidum infection. These studies serve to establish the first functionally defined immunogen for T. pallidum, which may represent the major immunogen of the organism.
Paging system using LPC speech encoding with an adaptive bit rate (1991)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Walter L. Davis, Dakshesh D. Parikh; Paging system using LPC speech encoding with an adaptive bit rate. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 July 1991; 90 (1): 626. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.402400 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
<title>Spatial-domain resolution-scalable video coding</title> (1993)

Scalable video coding is important in a number of applications where video needs to be decoded and displayed at a variety of resolution scales. In this paper, we investigate the spatial-domain approach for spatial resolution scalability. We employ the framework proposed for the ongoing second phase of Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG-2) standard to introduce a general coding structure and discuss key issues in progressive-to-interlace and interlace-to-interlace scalable coding. We discuss the technique of spatio-temporal weighted prediction and show detailed encoder and decoder structures employing this technique. In our simulations we focus on 2-layer progressive-to-interlace spatially scalable coding and compare its performance with the simulcast technique at different bit-rates. Next, we evaluate the performance of spatially scalable coding for different picture types. Finally, we examine the efficiency of a chosen set of weight codes in spatio-temporal weighted prediction and propose improvements.
Inherent self-interference cancellation at 900 MHz for in-band full-duplex applications (2018)

This paper addresses the biggest practical obstacle of in-band full duplex (IBFD) communication systems, which is self-interference (SI) signals. We propose a novel analog self-interference cancellation technique for single antenna IBFD systems. In this technique, we use the secondary SI signal reflected by the antenna to cancel the primary SI signal leaked from the circulator transmitter port at the receiver. We use an adjustable mismatch impedance terminal (IMT) at the antenna port to modify the magnitude and phase of the secondary SI signal. We design and fabricate a prototype of single antenna IBFD in the ISM frequency band at 900 MHz. The measurement results show 40 dB SI cancellation over 35 MHz frequency bandwidth.
Preparation and Characterization of Lignin-Acrylamide Copolymer as a Paper Strength Additive (2016)

With currently practiced technology, lignin is either incinerated in the recovery cycle of pulping or wasted in wastewater treatment systems, resulting in its underutilization. However, lignin can be converted to value-added products. In this work, the copolymerization of soda lignin (SL) and acrylamide (AM) was carried out using potassium persulphate (K2S2O8) as an initiator in an aqueous solution to prepare water-soluble lignin-acrylamide (SL-AM) copolymer as a dry strength additive. The results showed that the optimal copolymerization conditions were 7.5 AM/SL molar ratio, 3.0 wt.% (based on lignin) of K2S2O8, 90 °C, and 4 h of reaction time, which resulted in a SL-AM copolymer with 100% solubility at 10 g/L concentration at pH 7 in water, a grafting ratio of 398%, and a molecular weight of 1.94×105 g/mol. The prepared SL-AM copolymer was characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (H-NMR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). By adding 1.0 wt.% of SL-AM copolymer to the pulp, the tensile, tear, and burst strengths were increased by 23.1%, 22.7%, and 15.2%, respectively, which implies that the resultant copolymer was an effective strength additive for papermaking.
Identification of a Novel Human Constitutive Androstane Receptor (CAR) Agonist and Its Use in the Identification of CAR Target Genes (2003)

The orphan nuclear constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) is proposed to play a central role in the response to xenochemical stress. Identification of CAR target genes in humans has been limited by the lack of a selective CAR agonist. We report the identification of 6-(4-chlorophenyl)imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole-5-carbaldehyde O-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)oxime (CITCO) as a novel human CAR agonist with the following characteristics: (a) potent activity in an in vitro fluorescence-based CAR activation assay; (b) selectivity for CAR over other nuclear receptors, including the xenobiotic pregnane X receptor (PXR); (c) the ability to induce human CAR nuclear translocation; and (d) the ability to induce the prototypical CAR target gene CYP2B6 in primary human hepatocytes. Using primary cultures of human hepatocytes, the effects of CITCO on gene expression were compared with those of the PXR ligand rifampicin. The relative expression of a number of genes encoding proteins involved in various aspects of steroid and xenobiotic metabolism was analyzed. Notably, CAR and PXR activators differentially regulated the expression of several genes, demonstrating that these two nuclear receptors subserve overlapping but distinct biological functions in human hepatocytes.
Boundary Learning by Optimization with Topological Constraints (2010)

Recent studies have shown that machine learning can improve the accuracy of detecting object boundaries in images. In the standard approach, a boundary detector is trained by minimizing its pixel-level disagreement with human boundary tracings. This naive metric is problematic because it is overly sensitive to boundary locations. This problem is solved by metrics provided with the Berkeley Segmentation Dataset, but these can be insensitive to topological differences, such as gaps in boundaries. Furthermore, the Berkeley metrics have not been useful as cost functions for supervised learning. Using concepts from digital topology, we propose a new metric called the warping error that tolerates disagreements over boundary location, penalizes topological disagreements, and can be used directly as a cost function for learning boundary detection, in a method that we call Boundary Learning by Optimization with Topological Constraints (BLOTC). We trained boundary detectors on electron microscopic images of neurons, using both BLOTC and standard training. BLOTC produced substantially better performance on a 1.2 million pixel test set, as measured by both the warping error and the Rand index evaluated on segmentations generated from the boundary labelings. We also find our approach yields significantly better segmentation performance than either gPb-OWT-UCM or multiscale normalized cut, as well as Boosted Edge Learning trained directly on our data.
Synthesis of <sup>195</sup>Au, <sup>32</sup>P and <sup>35</sup>S‐labelled auranofin, A novel orally effective gold antiarthritic drug (1983)

Abstract Auranofin ( 1 ), a phosphine gold(I) thiolate antiarthritic agent effective on oral administration, was labelled separately with 195 Au, 32 P and 35 S. 195 Au‐labelled auranofin 19 was made from H 195 AuCl 4 . 3H 2 0 via the intermediate chloro(triethylphosphine)gold‐ 195 Au ( 18 ). Auranofin ‐ 35 S ( 23 ) was prepared using thiourea‐ 35 S. The synthetic routes for 19 and 23 were similar to those used for unlabelled 1 . However, auranofin‐ 32 p ( 28 ) was made by the novel, direct coupling of the 1: complex (2,3,4,6‐tetra O ‐acetyl‐l‐thio‐β‐D‐glucopyranosato‐ S )gold ( 27 ) with 32 p(C 2 H 5 ) 3 ( 26 ) synthesized from 32 PCl 3 ( 24 ). The labelled compounds were used in pharmacokinetic, tissue distribution and metabolism studies.
Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors as Immunomodulators in Cancer Therapeutics (2016)

HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs) are anticancer agents being developed in preclinical and clinical settings due to their capacity to modulate gene expression involved in cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis, through modification of both chromatin histone and nonhistone proteins. Most HDACIs in clinical development have cytotoxic or cytostatic properties and their direct inhibitory effects on tumor cells are well documented. Numerous studies have revealed that HDACIs have potent immunomodulatory activity in tumor-bearing animals and cancer patients, providing guidance to apply these agents in cancer immunotherapies. Here, we summarize recent reports addressing the effects of HDACIs on tumor cell immunogenicity, and on different components of the host immune system. In addition, we discuss the complexity of the immunomodulatory activity of these agents, which depends on the class specificity of the HDACIs, different experimental settings and the target immune cell populations.
Standardization of Diagnostic Biomarker Concentrations in Urine: The Hematuria Caveat (2012)

Sensitive and specific urinary biomarkers can improve patient outcomes in many diseases through informing early diagnosis. Unfortunately, to date, the accuracy and translation of diagnostic urinary biomarkers into clinical practice has been disappointing. We believe this may be due to inappropriate standardization of diagnostic urinary biomarkers. Our objective was therefore to characterize the effects of standardizing urinary levels of IL-6, IL-8, and VEGF using the commonly applied standards namely urinary creatinine, osmolarity and protein. First, we report results based on the biomarker levels measured in 120 hematuric patients, 80 with pathologically confirmed bladder cancer, 27 with confounding pathologies and 13 in whom no underlying cause for their hematuria was identified, designated "no diagnosis". Protein levels were related to final diagnostic categories (p = 0.022, ANOVA). Osmolarity (mean = 529 mOsm; median = 528 mOsm) was normally distributed, while creatinine (mean = 10163 µmol/l, median = 9350 µmol/l) and protein (0.3297, 0.1155 mg/ml) distributions were not. When we compared AUROCs for IL-6, IL-8 and VEGF levels, we found that protein standardized levels consistently resulted in the lowest AUROCs. The latter suggests that protein standardization attenuates the "true" differences in biomarker levels across controls and bladder cancer samples. Second, in 72 hematuric patients; 48 bladder cancer and 24 controls, in whom urine samples had been collected on recruitment and at follow-up (median = 11 (1 to 20 months)), we demonstrate that protein levels were approximately 24% lower at follow-up (Bland Altman plots). There was an association between differences in individual biomarkers and differences in protein levels over time, particularly in control patients. Collectively, our findings identify caveats intrinsic to the common practice of protein standardization in biomarker discovery studies conducted on urine, particularly in patients with hematuria.
Plasmhogen Activators from the Saliva of <i>Desmodus rotundus</i> (Common Vampire Bat): Unique Fibrin Specificity (1992)

The saliva of D. rotundus contains at least four plasminogen activators (PAs) which all require fibrin as a cofactor. D. rotundus salivary PAs (DSPAs) exhibit a sequential array of structural motifs such as "Finger" (F), "EGF" (E), "Kringle" (K) and "Protease" (P) which was elucidated by cDNA cloning and sequencing. The respective domain organizations are: FEKP (DSPA alpha 1 and DSPA alpha 2), EKP (DSPA beta) and KP (DSPA gamma). In all four forms the plasmin-sensitive site of tPA is obliterated, indicating that they function as single-chain enzymes. DSPA alpha 1 differs from alpha 2 by amino acid substitutions found mainly in the F, E and K domain, 11% of the total sequence. DSPA beta and gamma, while being closely related to alpha 2, still exhibit 2 and 13 amino acid exchanges, respectively. These sequence heterogeneities, together with results of Southern blot hybridization experiments, strongly suggest that the four DSPA mRNA species originate from different genes. All four forms of DSPA have been expressed in animal cell culture and DSPA alpha 1 was chosen for a detailed pharmacological characterization. In vitro DSPA alpha 1 activity is enhanced 50,000-fold in the presence of fibrin, whereas the activity of single chain tPA is only enhanced 100-fold. At equally effective thrombolytic doses DSPA causes lower bleeding incidence in a rat mesenteric vein model and exhibits high potency, clot selectivity, and speed in the dissolution of fibrin embolized into the lung of anesthetized rats. In the copper coil-induced dog coronary heart infarction model, at doses that achieve patency at equal rates, reocclusion is significantly less frequent than with tPA. These results indicate that DSPA alpha 1 may be a safer and more efficacious thrombolytic agent than the PAs currently in clinical use.