gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new full rate relaying method for 4G OFDM systems (2009)

In this paper, we introduce a new transmit architecture that employs a 2-dimensional Fourier Transform and a 2-dimensional cyclic prefix (2D-CP) at the base station. In addition, the proposed scheme incorporates relay nodes that forward the received signals with one OFDM symbol delay. The new method introduces artificial frequency, time and spatial diversity, and unlike previously proposed relaying communication systems, the proposed scheme requires only a single transmission phase. Extensive system simulation studies have shown impressive system throughput gain compared to a single hop and conventional 2-hop systems.
Studies on auromomycin. (1979)

A new antitumor antibiotic, named auromomycin, was isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces macromomyceticus, a macromomycin-producing strain. The antibiotic was recovered from the culture filtrate by salting out with ammonium sulfate and further purified by successive application of ion-exchange chromatography on Amberlite IRA-93 (Cl form) and DEAE-Sephadex (OH form), Gel filtration on Sephadex G-50 and hydrophobic chromatography on Octyl-Sepharose CL-4B. The antibiotic is an acidic polypeptide with a molecular weitht of 12,500 and an isoelectric point of pH 5.4 and consists of 16 different amino acids. It has characteristic absorption maxima at 273 nm and 357 nm in the ultraviolet spectrum and two minima at 280 nm and 350 nm in the optical rotatory dispersion spectrum. Auromomycin exhibits antibacterial activity not only against Gram-positive bacteria, but also Gram-negative bacteria. Antitumor activities of auromomycin were revealed against EHRLICH ascites carcinoma, ascites sarcoma 180, L1210 leukemia and LEWIS lung carcinoma. Auromomycin was found to be converted into macromomycin by adsorption chromatography on Amberlite XAD.
Holographic curved waveguide combiner for AR/HUD with 2D pupil expansion (2022)

Augmented Reality (AR) and Head-up Display (HUD) applications are nowadays taking advantage of the pupil replication that it is possible to achieve with waveguide combiner to increase the eye box without sacrificing the field of view. However, most of the waveguide combiners are limited with flat geometry to avoid unwanted optical power. Flat waveguide ensures that no aberration is imparted to the image when the light propagates inside the medium. Yet, the aesthetic appeal of a flat combiner is not ideal since neither wearing glasses nor vehicle’s windshield is flat. Here we propose a 1-D curved waveguide combiner that take the advantage of holographic optical elements (HOE) to minimize the aberration for 2-D pupil replication. Both ray tracing model and experimental demonstrator will be discussed.
54.1: <i>Distinguished Paper</i> : A Switched Emissive Transparent Display w/ Controllable Per‐pixel Opacity (2015)

An emissive transparent display with per‐pixel opacity employs rapid synchronized switching of a transparent display and transparent backlight between content with a scattering luminous backlight, and masks with a clear unlit backlight. A 144 fps transparent LCD panel is used in conjunction with a transparent backlight and controllably diffusive smartglass screen. The display is capable of producing opaque emissive content on a transparent field for novel display and compact spatial augmented reality applications.
Etching Studies on Singly and Doubly Rotated Quartz Plates (1979)

Abstract : Experiments aimed at finding a chemical polish for the doubly rotated SC-cut have been performed with a variety of etchants. The surface morphologies of etched SC-cut plates depend strongly on the composition of the etching solutions. Some of the solutions evaluated did not produce chemical polishing on either side of the SC-cut plates, some produced chemical polishing on one side but not the other, and some were able to polish both sides. It has also been shown that at least up to 10 MHz, the chemical polishing does not produce a significant 0 degradation for AT-cut quartz crystal resonators.
Emerging applications of lentiviral vectors in dendritic cell-based immunotherapy (2010)

Dendritic cells are professional antigen-presenting cells that initiate, regulate and shape the induction of specific immune responses. The ability to use dendritic cells in the induction of antigen-specific tolerance, antigen-specific immunity or specific differentiation of T-helper subsets holds great promise in dendritic cell-based immunotherapy of various diseases such as cancer, viral infections, allergy, as well as autoimmunity. Replication-incompetent HIV-1-based lentiviral vector is now emerging as a promising delivery system to genetically modify dendritic cells through antigen recognition, costimulatory molecules and/or polarization signals for the manipulation of antigen-specific immunity in vivo. This article discusses some of the recent advances in the uses of lentiviral vectors in dendritic cell-based immunotherapy.
Detection of breast micro-metastases in axillary lymph nodes by infrared micro-spectral imaging (2009)

We report the ability of infrared micro-spectral imaging, coupled with completely unsupervised methods of multivariate statistical analysis, to accurately reproduce the histological architecture of axillary lymph nodes and detect metastatic breast cancer cells. The acquisition of spectral data from tissue embedded in paraffin provided spectra free of dispersive artefacts that may be observed for infrared microscopic measurements using a 'reflection/absorption' methodology. As a consequence, superior tissue classification and identification of cellular abnormality unattainable for deparaffinised tissue was achieved.
High Efficiency Light-Emitting Devices based on Quantum Dots (2013)

We report solution processed light-emitting devices using colloidal quantum dot as emitters. High efficiency and low voltage operation was achieved with the use of a polymer hole-transport layer and a ZnO nanoparticle electron-transport layer.
Learning spatio-temporal patterns in the presence of input noise using phase-change memristors (2016)

Neuromorphic systems increasingly attract research interest owing to their ability to provide biologically inspired methods of computing, alternative to the classic von Neumann architecture. In these systems, computing relies on spike-based communication between neurons, and memory is represented by evolving states of the synaptic interconnections. In this work, we first demonstrate how spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) based synapses can be realized using the crystal-growth dynamics of phase-change memristors. Then, we present a novel learning architecture comprising an integrate-and-fire neuron and an array of phase-change synapses that is capable of detecting temporal correlations in parallel input streams. We demonstrate a continuous re-learning operation on a sequence of binary 20×20 pixel images in the presence of significant background noise. Experimental results using an array of phase-change cells as synaptic elements confirm the functionality and performance of the proposed learning architecture.
A technique to improve DECT transmission quality and coverage (2002)

A DECT base station architecture is presented which allows to enlarge the coverage area and/or to improve the transmission quality both in uplink and in downlink, without any impact on the DECT user terminal. In accordance with the proposed architecture the base station received uplink signal is first equalized before decision and is also used to obtain an estimate of the transmission channel. This estimate is subsequently used to precompensate the downlink signal before transmission. The paper illustrates the architecture of the proposed system and its functional behavior. Performance improvement due to equalization, channel estimation and precompensation under severe multipath conditions is shown through computer simulation.
Development of Design Method for Supersonic Turbine Aerofoils Near the Tip of Long Blades in Steam Turbines: Part 2 — Configuration Details and Validation (2013)

Both inflow and outflow velocities near the blade tip become supersonic when the blade length exceeds a threshold limit. The aerofoil near the tip of such a long blade has four features that demand an original supersonic turbine aerofoil design: supersonic flow in the entire field, high reaction, large stagger angle, and large pitch-to-chord ratio. This paper describes design method development for the supersonic turbine aerofoil. First, the aerofoil shape is defined using a curve with continuity in the gradient of the curvature. Second, six loss generation mechanisms are clarified by turbulent flow analysis. Third, an allowable design space between the pitch-to-chord ratio, the stagger angle and the axial-chord-to-pitch ratio is clarified by formulating three geometrical constraints to accelerate supersonic flow smoothly. When there is no solution in the theoretically allowable design space because of the large pitch-to-chord ratio, methods to reduce shock wave losses are proposed. Increasing the outlet metal angle of the pressure surface by around 10 deg from the theoretical outlet flow angle reduces the loss caused by the trailing shock wave. The physical mechanism for this is as follows: the increased outlet metal angle increases the outlet flow passage area so that the overexpansion is suppressed downstream from the flow passage. Fourth, both a cusped leading edge and an upstream pressure surface which has both an angle corresponding to the inflow angle and near-zero curvature can reduce the loss caused by the leading shock wave and satisfy the unique incidence relation. Finally, the aerodynamic performance of the supersonic turbine cascade and the design method are validated by supersonic cascade wind tunnel tests.
A Large-Area Wearable Soft Haptic Device Using Stacked Pneumatic Pouch Actuation (2022)

While haptics research has traditionally focused on the fingertips and hands, other locations on the body provide large areas of skin that could be utilized to relay large-area haptic sensations. Researchers have thus developed wearable devices that use distributed vibrotactile actuators and distributed pneumatic force displays, but these methods have limitations. In prior work, we presented a novel actuation technique involving stacking pneumatic pouches and evaluated the actuator output. In this work, we developed a wearable haptic device using this actuation technique and evaluated how the actuator output is perceived. We conducted a user study with 20 participants to evaluate users' perception thresholds, ability to localize, and ability to detect differences in contact area and compare their perception using the stacked pneumatic pouch actuation to traditional single-layer pouch actuation. We also used our device with stacked pneumatic actuation in a demonstration of a haptic hug that replicates the dynamics, pressure profile, and mapping to the human back, showcasing how this actuation technique can be used to create novel haptic stimuli.
Face Recognition using Discriminatively Trained Orthogonal Rank One Tensor Projections (2007)

We propose a method for face recognition based on a discriminative linear projection. In this formulation images are treated as tensors, rather than the more conventional vector of pixels. Projections are pursued sequentially and take the form of a rank one tensor, i.e., a tensor which is the outer product of a set of vectors. A novel and effective technique is proposed to ensure that the rank one tensor projections are orthogonal to one another. These constraints on the tensor projections provide a strong inductive bias and result in better generalization on small training sets. Our work is related to spectrum methods, which achieve orthogonal rank one projections by pursuing consecutive projections in the complement space of previous projections. Although this may be meaningful for applications such as reconstruction, it is less meaningful for pursuing discriminant projections. Our new scheme iteratively solves an eigenvalue problem with orthogonality constraints on one dimension, and solves unconstrained eigenvalue problems on the other dimensions. Experiments demonstrate that on small and medium sized face recognition datasets, this approach outperforms previous embedding methods. On large face datasets this approach achieves results comparable with the best, often using fewer discriminant projections.
Computationally efficient smart antennas for CDMA wireless communications (2001)

The analysis in this paper concerns the performance of smart antenna algorithms when used in code-division multiple access (CDMA) wireless communication systems. Complex pseudonoise (PN) spreading, despreading, and pilot-aided channel estimates in the cdma2000 reverse link are some of major characteristics that are different from those in the IS-95 CDMA systems. These different features are included in our analysis. Four computationally efficient smart antenna algorithms are introduced: 1) smart antenna based on maximum output power criteria without Lagrange multiplier; 2) smart antenna based on maximum signal-to-interference-plus-noise output power ratio (SINR) criteria with eigenvector solution; 3) smart antenna based on maximum SINR output criteria without eigenvector solution; 4) more simplified smart antenna based on maximum SINR output criteria without eigenvector solution. Algorithms (1) and (4) require only 4M computational instruction cycles per snapshot where M is the number of antenna array elements. Algorithms (2) and (3) require M/sup 2/ and (4M+2M/sup 2/) operations per snapshot, respectively. These computational loads are significantly smaller than those of typical eigenvalue decomposition blind detection approaches. Bit error rates (BERs) resulting from these algorithms are evaluated through simulation. A double spike power delay profile with equal or unequal power is used. Also, a cluster of interfering users and scattered interference users are considered. For BER comparisons, antenna diversity using equal gain combining is also analyzed. The four smart antenna algorithms show significant capacity improvement compared to the antenna array diversity using equal gain combining under the double spike power delay profile with equal power and scattered interference environments.
406 CDX527–01, a phase 1 dose-escalation and expansion study of the PD-L1xCD27 bispecific antibody CDX-527 in patients with advanced malignancies (2020)

<h3>Background</h3> CD27 ligation and PD-1 blockade elicit complementary signals mediating T cell activation and effector function. CD27 is constitutively expressed on most mature T cells and the interaction with its ligand, CD70, plays key roles in T cell costimulation leading to activation, proliferation, enhanced survival, maturation of effector capacity, and memory. The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway plays key roles in inhibiting T cell responses. Pre-clinical studies demonstrate synergy in T cell activation and anti-tumor activity when combining a CD27 agonist antibody with PD-(L)1 blockade, and clinical studies have confirmed the feasibility of this combination by demonstrating safety and biological and clinical activity. CDX-527 is a novel human bispecific antibody containing a neutralizing, high affinity IgG1k PD-L1 mAb (9H9) and the single chain Fv fragment (scFv) of an agonist anti-CD27 mAb (2B3) genetically attached to the C-terminus of each heavy chain, thereby making CDX-527 bivalent for each target. Pre-clinical studies have demonstrated enhanced T cell activation by CDX-527 and anti-tumor activity of a surrogate bispecific compared to individual mAb combinations, and together with the IND-enabling studies support the advancement of CDX-527 into the clinic. <h3>Methods</h3> A Phase 1 first-in-human, open-label, non-randomized, multi-center, dose-escalation and expansion study evaluating safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and clinical activity of CDX-527 is ongoing. Eligible patients have advanced solid tumor malignancies and have progressed on standard-of-care therapy. Patients must have no more than one prior anti-PD-1/L1 for tumor types which have anti-PD-1/L1 approved for that indication and no prior anti-PD-1/L1 for tumor types that do not have anti-PD-1/L1 approved for that indication. CDX-527 is administered intravenously once every two weeks with doses ranging from 0.03 mg/kg up to 10.0 mg/kg or until the maximum tolerated dose. The dose-escalation phase initiates with a single patient enrolled in cohort 1. In the absence of a dose limiting toxicity or any ≥ grade 2 treatment related AE, cohort 2 will enroll in a similar manner as cohort 1. Subsequent dose-escalation cohorts will be conducted in 3+3 manner. In the tumor-specific expansion phase, up to 4 individual expansion cohort(s) of patients with specific solid tumors of interest may be enrolled to further characterize the safety, PK, PD, and efficacy of CDX 527. Tumor assessments will be performed every 8-weeks by the investigator in accordance with iRECIST. Biomarker assessments will include characterizing the effects on peripheral blood immune cells and cytokines, and for the expansion cohorts, the impact of CDX-527 on the tumor microenvironment. <h3>Results</h3> N/A <h3>Conclusions</h3> N/A <h3>Trial Registration</h3> NCT04440943 <h3>Ethics Approval</h3> The study was approved by WIRB for Northside Hospital, approval number 20201542
Error corrective mechanisms for speech recognition (2002)

In the standard MAP approach to speech recognition, the goal is to find the word sequence with the highest posterior probability given the acoustic observation. A number of alternate approaches have been proposed for directly optimizing the word error rate, the most commonly used evaluation criterion. One of them, the consensus decoding approach, converts a word lattice into a confusion network which specifies the word-level confusions at different time intervals, and outputs the word with the highest posterior probability from each word confusion set. The paper presents a method for discriminating between the correct and alternate hypotheses in a confusion set using additional knowledge sources extracted from the confusion networks. We use transformation-based learning for inducing a set of rules to guide a better decision between the top two candidates with the highest posterior probabilities in each confusion set. The choice of this learning method is motivated by the perspicuous representation of the rules induced, which can provide insight into the cause of the errors of a speech recognizer. In experiments on the Switchboard corpus, we show significant improvements over the consensus decoding approach.
Joins Over Encrypted Data with Fine Granular Security (2019)

Performing joins over encrypted data is particularly challenging, since the query result or access pattern of 1 : n-joins reveals the frequency of each distinct element in the column. This frequency information is used in many easy, but very detrimental inference attacks. In this paper we present a different approach: Instead of implementing a stand-alone join operator that reveals the frequency of each element in the column, we show how to construct joins over encrypted data after selection operations have been applied. These joins only leak the fine granular access pattern and frequency of elements selected for the join. Our new fine-granularly secure joins use searchable encryption and key-policy attribute-based encryption and support dynamically adding and removing database rows. Their performance is practical and we present an implementation in MySQL.
Pore‐structure optimization of calcium carbonate for enhanced sulfation (1997)

Abstract A modified CaCO 3 sorbent with an open internal pore structure is prepared and its sulfation characteristics are investigated in an entrained flow reactor at high temperatures (900‐1,100°C) and short contact times (20–600 ms) using small particle sizes (< 5 μm). The most distinguishing feature of this modified carbonate (MC) is its 70–75% sulfation conversion within 0.5 s, which is substantially higher than any other sorbents published. The MC is prepared by carbonation‐precipitation from a calcium hydroxide suspension by optimizing the operating parameters to generate carbonate particles of the desired pore structural properties. The high initial surface area combined with its open pore structure and pore‐size distribution of its calcine contribute to its high reactivity. The calcined MC possesses a significant portion of its pore volume in the 50‐200 Å range. This size range represents an optimum pore size for sulfation since it provides a reasonably high surface area and is less susceptible than < 50 Å pore sizes, to pore filling, or pore‐mouth plugging due to the formation of higher molar volume CaSO 4 . Investigation with other carbonates reveals that a much higher portion of their calcines' porosity lies in the smaller pores, which leads to premature termination of sulfation. Results show the impact of internal pore structure on initial reactivity and ultimate sorbent conversion.
Characterizing nitric oxide exchange dynamics during tidal breathing: theory (2002)

Parametric characterization of nitric oxide (NO) gas exchange using a two-compartment model of the lungs is a potentially promising, non-invasive technique to characterize inflammatory lung diseases. Currently, this technique is limited to single breath maneuvers, including pre-expiratory breath-hold, which is cumbersome for children and individuals with compromised lung function. The current study extends the two-compartment model to parametric characterization of NO gas exchange from tidal breathing data. We assess the potential to estimate up to six flow-independent parameters, and study alternate breathing patterns by varying breathing frequency and inspiratory/expiratory flow rate ratio at constant alveolar ventilation rate. We identify three, easily characterized flow-independent parameters, which include maximum airway flux, steady state alveolar concentration, and airway volume (uncertainty <10%). Rapid inhalation followed by slow (long duration) exhalation facilitates estimates of all flow-independent parameters. Our results demonstrate the potential of parametric analysis of tidal breathing data to characterize NO pulmonary exchange.
Integral Admittance Shaping for exoskeleton control (2015)

A wide variety of strategies have been developed for assisting human locomotion using powered exoskeletons. Although these strategies differ in their aims as well as the control methods employed, they have the implicit property of causing a virtual modification of the dynamic response of the human limb. We use this property of the exoskeletons action to formulate a unified control design framework called Integral Admittance Shaping, which designs exoskeleton controllers capable of producing the desired dynamic response for the assisted limb. In this framework, a virtual increase in the admittance of the limb is produced by coupling it to an exoskeleton that exhibits active behavior. Specifically, our framework shapes the magnitude profile of the integral admittance (i.e. torque-to-angle relationship) of the coupled human-exoskeleton system, such that the desired assistance is achieved. This framework also ensures that the coupled stability and passivity are guaranteed. This paper presents a formulation of Integral Admittance Shaping for single degree-of-freedom (1-DOF) exoskeleton devices. We also present experimental results on a modified version of Honda's Stride Management Assist (SMA) device that successfully demonstrate motion amplification of the assisted hip joint during walking.