gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of <scp>CO<sub>2</sub></scp> Adsorption and <scp>CO<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub></scp> Selectivity on <scp>ZIF</scp>‐8 via Postsynthetic Modification (2012)

Imidazolate framework ZIF‐8 is modified via postsynthetic method using etheylenediamine to improve its adsorption performance toward CO 2 . Results show that the BET surface area of the modified ZIF‐8 (ED‐ZIF‐8) increases by 39%, and its adsorption capacity of CO 2 per surface area is almost two times of that on ZIF‐8 at 298 K and 25 bar. H 2 O uptake on the ED‐ZIF‐8 become obviously lower compared to the ZIF‐8. The ED‐ZIF‐8 selectivity for CO 2 /N 2 adsorption gets significantly improved, and is up to 23 and 13.9 separately at 0.1 and 0.5 bar, being almost twice of those of the ZIF‐8. The isosteric heat of CO 2 adsorption (Q st ) on the ED‐ZIF‐8 becomes higher, while Q st of N 2 gets slightly lower compared to those on the ZIF‐8 Furthermore, it suggests that the postsynthetic modification of the ZIF‐8 not only improves its adsorption capacity of CO 2 greatly, but also enhances its adsorption selectivity for CO 2 /N 2 /H 2 O significantly. ©2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 59: 2195–2206, 2013
The plant microbiome (2013)

Plant genomes contribute to the structure and function of the plant microbiome, a key determinant of plant health and productivity. High-throughput technologies are revealing interactions between these complex communities and their hosts in unprecedented detail.
Altered cardiac autonomic nervous function in depression (2013)

Our findings suggest that depression is accompanied by dysfunction of the cardiac autonomic nervous system, and further, that depression severity is linked to severity of this dysfunction. Individuals with depression appear to be susceptible to premature atrial and/or ventricular disease.
Formulation, Delivery and Stability of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins for Effective Bone Regeneration (2017)

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are responsible for bone formation during embryogenesis and bone regeneration and remodeling. The osteoinductive action of BMPs, especially BMP-2 and BMP-7, has led to their use in a range of insurmountable treatments where intervention is required for effective bone regeneration. Introduction of BMP products to the market, however, was not without reports of multiple complications and side effects. Aiming for optimization of the therapeutic efficacy and safety, efforts have been focused on improving the delivery of BMPs to lower the administered dose, localize the protein, and prolong its retention time at the site of action. A major challenge with these efforts is that the protein stability should be maintained. With this review we attempt to shed light on how the stability of BMPs can be affected in the formulation and delivery processes. We first provide a short overview of the current standing of the complications experienced with BMP products. We then discuss the different delivery parameters studied in association with BMPs, and their influence on the efficacy and safety of BMP treatments. In particular, the literature addressing the stability of BMPs and their possible interactions with components of the delivery system as well as their sensitivity to conditions of the formulation process is reviewed. In summary, recent developments in the fields of bioengineering and biopharmaceuticals suggest that a good understanding of the relationship between the formulation/delivery conditions and the stability of growth factors such as BMPs is a prerequisite for a safe and effective treatment.
Identifying the Epitope Regions of Therapeutic Antibodies Based on Structure Descriptors (2017)

Therapeutic antibodies are widely used for disease detection and specific treatments. However, as an exogenous protein, these antibodies can be detected by the human immune system and elicit a response that can lead to serious illnesses. Therapeutic antibodies can be engineered through antibody humanization, which aims to maintain the specificity and biological function of the original antibodies, and reduce immunogenicity. However, the antibody drug effect is synchronously reduced as more exogenous parts are replaced by human antibodies. Hence, a major challenge in this area is to precisely detect the epitope regions in immunogenic antibodies and guide point mutations of exogenous antibodies to balance both humanization level and drug effect. In this article, the latest dataset of immunoglobulin complexes was collected from protein data bank (PDB) to discover the spatial features of immunogenic antibody. Furthermore, a series of structure descriptors were generated to characterize and distinguish epitope residues from non-immunogenic regions. Finally, a computational model was established based on structure descriptors, and results indicated that this model has the potential to precisely predict the epitope regions of therapeutic antibodies. With rapid accumulation of immunoglobulin complexes, this methodology could be used to improve and guide future antibody humanization and potential clinical applications.
An integrated microfluidic system for screening of phage-displayed peptides specific to colon cancer cells and colon cancer stem cells (2015)

Affinity reagents recognizing biomarkers specifically are essential components of clinical diagnostics and target therapeutics. However, conventional methods for screening of these reagents often have drawbacks such as large reagent consumption, the labor-intensive or time-consuming procedures, and the involvement of bulky or expensive equipment. Alternatively, microfluidic platforms could potentially automate the screening process within a shorter period of time and reduce reagent and sample consumption dramatically. It has been demonstrated recently that a subpopulation of tumor cells known as cancer stem cells possess high drug resistance and proliferation potential and are regarded as the main cause of metastasis. Therefore, a peptide that recognizes cancer stem cells and differentiates them from other cancer cells will be extremely useful in early diagnosis and target therapy. This study utilized M13 phage display technology to identify peptides that bind, respectively, to colon cancer cells and colon cancer stem cells using an integrated microfluidic system. In addition to positive selection, a negative selection process was integrated on the chip to achieve the selection of peptides of high affinity and specificity. We successfully screened three peptides specific to colon cancer cells and colon cancer stem cells, namely, HOLC-1, HOLC-2, and COLC-1, respectively, and their specificity was measured by the capture rate between target, control, and other cell lines. The capture rates are 43.40 ± 7.23%, 45.16 ± 7.12%, and 49.79 ± 5.34% for colon cancer cells and colon cancer stem cells, respectively, showing a higher specificity on target cells than on control and other cell lines. The developed technique may be promising for early diagnosis of cancer cells and target therapeutics.
Shadow Detection Using Tricolor Attenuation Model Enhanced with Adaptive Histogram Equalization (2013)

Shadows create significant problems in many computer vision and image analysis tasks such asobject recognition, object tracking, and image segmentation. For a machine, it is very difficult to distinguish between a shadow and a real object. As a result, an object recognition system may incorrectly recognize a shadow region as an object. So the detection of shadows inimages will enhance the performance of many machine vision tasks. This paper implements a shadow detection method, which is based on Tricolor Attenuation Model (TAM)enhanced with adaptive histogram equalization(AHE). TAM uses the concept of intensity attenuation of pixels in the shadow region which is different for the three color channels. It originates from the idea that if the minimumattenuated color channel is subtracted from the maximum attenuated one, the shadowareas become darker in the resultin g TAM image. But this resulting image will be of low contrast due to the high correlation among R, G and B color channels. In order to enhance the contrast, adaptive histogram equalization is used . The incorporation of AHE significantly improved the quality of the detected shadow region.
One-pot synthesis of nanochain particles for targeting brain tumors (2017)

To synthesize multi-component nanochains, we developed a simple 'one-pot' synthesis, which exhibited high yield and consistency. The nanochains particles consist of parent nanospheres chemically linked into a higher-order, chain-like assembly. The one-pot synthesis is based on the addition of two types of parent nanospheres in terms of their surface chemical functionality (e.g., decorated with PEG-NH<sub>2</sub> or PEG-COOH). By reacting the two types of parent nanospheres at a specific ratio (∼2 : 1) for a short period of time (∼30 min) under rigorous stirring, nanochains were formed. For example, we show the synthesis of iron oxide nanochains with lengths of about 125 nm consisting of 3-5 constituting nanospheres. The chain-like shaped nanoparticle possessed a unique ability to target and rapidly deposit on the endothelium of glioma sites via vascular targeting. To target and image invasive brain tumors, we used iron oxide nanochains with the targeting ligand being the fibronectin-targeting peptide CREKA. Overexpression of fibronectin is strongly associated with the perivascular regions of glioblastoma multiforme and plays a critical role in migrating and invasive glioma cells. In mice with invasive glioma tumors, 3.7% of the injected CREKA-targeted nanochains was found in gliomas within 1 h. Notably, the intratumoral deposition of the nanochain was ∼2.6-fold higher than its spherical variant. Using MR imaging, the precise targeting of nanochains to gliomas provided images with the exact topology of the disease including their margin of infiltrating edges and distant invasive sites.
Highly Selective Monomethylation of Primary Amines Through Host−Guest Product Sequestration (2009)

This Communication reports the highly selective monomethylation of primary amines through host-guest product sequestration. Complete control of the outcome of the N-methylation reaction has been achieved by adding to the reaction medium stoichiometric amounts of a teraphosphonate phosphonate cavitand Tiiii, capable of selectively and quantitatively trapping the monomethylated ammonium salt formed. The synergistic combination of ion-dipole, H-bonding, and CH(3)-pi interactions provide the high association constants (K(ass) > 10(9)) and the specific complexation mode necessary for the exclusive sequestration of the monomethylated intermediate reaction product.
Design and analysis of highway safety communication protocol in 5.9 GHZ dedicated short range communication spectrum (2004)

We study the wireless communication among highway vehicles in the newly-assigned 5.9 GHz dedicated short range communication (DSRC) spectrum. A vehicle-vehicle location-based broadcast (LBB) communication protocol is designed to meet highway safety applications' communication requirements. The analytical expressions of the performance of the protocol in terms of probability of transmission failure and channel occupancy are derived with commonly satisfied assumptions. The optimal relation between the performance and design parameters is obtained from the expressions. The sensitivity of the protocol performance is tested for various communication conditions as well as highway traffic conditions. Feasible combinations of the communication and highway traffic parameters are found for certain requirements on protocol performance.
Availability: What is Availability? Availability of What? (1997)

“Availability” is ubiquitous in the evaluation of the
performance of satellite constellations. However, the
definition of Availability and its targets have evolved
over the years. In the early days of GPS, availability of
a simple requirement (minimum of 4 visible satellites or
maximum PDOP of 6) of an ideal constellation (with 18
or 21 or 24 satellites) was adequate. Then the
availability of same requirement was applied to
degraded constellations with outages of one or more
satellites. Today, availability has become more
complex involving satellite’s Markov state probability
with different satellite failure and restoration models.
For navigation, availability of continuity of accuracy,
not accuracy itself, is the dominant requirement. The
system performance requirement has also evolved from
a simple number of visible satellites to Dilution of
Precision (where satellites’ errors are assumed to be
identical) to more complex horizontal and vertical user
navigation accuracy with satellites’ errors changing with
time as the satellites’ position changes.
This paper provides a short review of all those
definitions and requirements with emphasis on precise
mathematical expression for four types of availability -
ideal, degraded, expected and with continuity - and
different categories of requirements - visibility, GDOP,
accuracy and integrity . A unified formulation for
availability that encompasses all four types of
availability is presented.
The various types of availability combined with different
requirements have been a constant source of confusion
and sometimes frustration (even for researchers working
in this field). There have been suggestions from the
international navigation community for clarifications
and standardization’s on the various definitions of
availability. This paper serves as a beginning for such
efforts.
Case Report of a Psychogenic Urinary Incontinence Patient with Hypersomnia Disorder (2016)

Objective: This study evaluates the effects of traditional Korean medicine (including Guibi-tang) on a psychogenic urinary incontinence patient with hypersomnia disorder.Method: Herbal medicine, acupuncture, and moxibustion were carried out. The effect of the treatments was then evaluated via the Be...
The Pinwheel Tilings of the Plane (1994)

prototiles) in Euclidean n-space, En, for n > 2. The prototiles are usually required to be rather nice topologically, at least homeomorphs of the closed unit ball. One then makes arbitrarily many congruent copies, called tiles, of these prototiles, and considers all ways (called tilings) that such tiles may provide a simultaneous covering and packing of En; a tiling is thus an unordered collection of tiles for which the union is all of En, but such that the interiors of each pair of tiles do not intersect. Wang's original problem was to determine if it was possible to have a finite set of prototiles, with associated tilings of space, for which all the tilings were nonperiodic. (A tiling is nonperiodic if it is not invariant under any single simultaneous translation of its tiles.) This was settled in the affirmative in the thesis of Wang's student Robert Berger [1].
Measuring Privacy Protection in Web Services (2006)

The growth of the Internet has been accompanied by the growth of Web services (e.g. e-commerce, e-health) leading to the need to protect the personal privacy of Web service users. However, it is also important to be able to measure a Web service in terms of how well it protects personal privacy. Such a capability would benefit both users and developers. Users would benefit from being able to choose (assuming that such measures were made public) the service that has the greatest ability to protect user privacy (this would in turn encourage Web service providers to pay more attention to privacy). Developers would benefit by being able to incrementally measure and modify their services during development until certain target levels of privacy protection are reached. This paper presents an approach for measuring how well a Web service protects personal privacy and illustrates the approach with an example
Study of Vitamin D and Interleukin 10 Levels in Uremic Peripheral Neuropathy in Hemodialysis Children. (2023)

Introduction: One of the frequent neurological complications of end stage kidney disease (ESKD) is uremic peripheral neuropathy (UPNP). A rapidly expanding literature on the relationship between 25(OH) vitamin D and UPNP shows a high link between them. Interleukin 10(IL-10) reduced level may contributes to UPNP. The aim was to assess the correlation between serum levels of vitamin D and IL-10 with the incidence of UPNP in children on regular hemodialysis. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 71 children on regular hemodialysis, aged between 3 and 18 years. They were sub classified into two groups after assessment with nerve conduction studies (NCS) and neuropathy score; group I consisted of 24 patients with PNP and group II consisted of 47 patients without PNP. All patients were subjected to clinical examination, laboratory investigations and serum 25(OH) vitamin D and IL-10. Results: Patients with PNP had significantly lower serum levels of IL-10 (P<0.001**) and 25(OH) vitamin D (P=0.003*) than those without PNP. 70% of patients with PNP had vitamin D deficiency with statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). The serum levels of 25(OH) vitamin D and IL-10 have a statistically significant negative correlation with severity of UPNP. There was a significant positive correlation between IL-10 and vitamin D levels (P= 0.022). Longer duration of dialysis with age more than 11 years, low vitamin D, and low IL-10 were independent variables for UPNP.Conclusions: Low vitamin D and IL-10 levels increase the risk of PNP in children on hemodialysis
A distributed approach to mode identification and spectrum monitoring for cognitive radios (2005)

In this paper a distributed approach to mode identification and spectrum monitoring is studied. A Wireless Network composed by Cognitive Terminals is used to classify air interfaces present in the radio scene. The use of cooperative strategies and an advanced signal processing tool, Time Frequency analysis, allows to improve the radio awareness of device. Results in the terms of error probability, modeling the probability density function of considered features as Asymmetric Generalized and Generalized Gaussian functions, are compared to error rate showing good performance and coherence of theoretical model with experimental results.
A review of the operating limits in slot die coating processes (2016)

Slot die coating is a pre‐metered process commonly used for producing thin and uniform films. It is an important film fabrication method for applications where precise coating is required. A major concern in slot die coating processes is how to determine the operating limits to set the appropriate range of operating parameters, including coating speed, flow rate, vacuum pressure, coating gap, liquid viscosity and surface tension, etc. Operating limits directly determine the effectiveness and efficiency of the process. In this article, the current state of academic research on operating limits in slot die coating processes is reviewed. Specifically, the theories, mechanisms, and empirical conclusions related to the limits on vacuum pressure, the low‐flow limit, the limit of wet thickness for zero‐vacuum‐pressure cases, the limit of dynamic wetting failure, and the limits of coating speed for a specific flow rate are reviewed. The article concludes with some recommendations for future work. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 62: 2508–2524, 2016
Personalized websites for mobile devices using dynamic cascading style sheets (2005)

With the rise of mobile devices like cellphones and Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) in the last years, the demand for specialized mobile solutions grows. Newly defined protocols like WAP or i‐Mode can be used to adapt Internet appearances to mobile devices. However, it is often an elaborate work to achieve these adaptions as almost all pages have to be rewritten. This paper shows an approach of semi automatical page generation for mobile devices. It is assumed that a general HTML page is already existing. Based on this page, an approach of generating personalized mobile device compatible pages is shown. This approach is illustrated using the software eSarine. eSarine is an e‐shop softare that can be used to set up an electronic shop.
Acknowledgment to the Reviewers of Journal of Fungi in 2022 (2023)

High-quality academic publishing is built on rigorous peer review [...]
An Integrated Approach To Identifying Chemically Induced Posttranslational Modifications Using Comparative MALDI-MS and Targeted HPLC-ESI-MS/MS (2003)

Identification of multiple and novel posttranslational modifications remains a major challenge in proteomics. The present approach uses comparative analysis by matrix-assisted laser/desorption ionization (MALDI) MS of proteolytic digests from control and treated proteins to target differences due to modifications, without initial assumption as to type or residue localization. Differences between modified and unmodified digest MS spectra highlight peptides of interest for subsequent tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis. Targeted HPLC-electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS/MS is then used to fragment peptides, and manual de novo sequencing is used to determine the amino acid sequence and type of modification. This strategy for identifying posttranslational modifications in an unbiased manner is particularly useful for finding modifications produced by exogenous chemicals. Successful characterization of chemically induced posttranslational modifications and novel chemical adducts is given as an example of the use of this strategy. Histone H4 from butyrate-treated LLC-PK1 cells is separated on a gel into bands representing different overall charge state. Bands are analyzed by comparative MALDI-MS and LC-MS/MS to identify the sites of methylation and acetylation. Previous attempts to identify chemically adducted proteins in vivo have been unsuccessful in part due to a lack of understanding of the final adduct form. Cytochrome c is adducted in vitro with benzoquinone, an electrophilic metabolite of benzene capable of interacting with nucleophilic sites within proteins. De novo sequencing identifies a novel cyclized diquinone adduct species as the major reaction product, targeting Lys and His residues at two specific locations on the protein surface. This unpredicted reaction product is characterized using our unbiased methods for detection and demonstrates the important influence of protein structure on chemical adduction.
Plasma Aβ but Not Tau is Related to Brain PiB Retention in Early Alzheimer’s Disease (2014)

Recent advances in biomarkers provide the possibility of early or preclinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's pathology. Currently, decreased levels of Aβ-42 and increased levels of tau proteins in cerebral spinal fluid are considered reliable biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, little evidence exists for the use of amyloid and tau protein levels in the plasma as useful biomarkers. We investigated the potential use of plasma biomarkers to diagnose AD and explored their relationships with brain Aβ deposition in amyloid imaging. We used an immunomagnetic reduction assay to measure the plasma levels of Aβ40, Aβ42, and tau proteins in 20 older control participants and 25 participants who had either mild cognitive impairment due to AD or early AD dementia. All participants received (11)C-labeled Pittsburgh compound B PET scans. The sensitivity of the plasma tau level at the cutoff value of 28.27 pg/mL was 92%, and the specificity was 100%; the sensitivity of the Aβ42/40 ratio at the cutoff value of 0.3693 was 84%, and the specificity was 100%. Regression analyses of the effects of plasma protein levels on brain amyloid retention, as determined by standard uptake value ratios in either side of the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes and the precuneus, are predicted only by ratios of plasma Aβ42/40 (R(2) 0.326-0.449, all p < 0.001) but not by plasma tau levels. Plasma Aβ in terms of Aβ42/40 might provide an indirect estimation of Aβ deposition in the brain.