gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Musical frequency tracking using the methods of conventional and “narrowed” autocorrelation (1991)

In two recent papers, a description is given of a means of obtaining an arbitrarily narrow peak in the calculation of the autocorrelation function [J. C. Brown and M. S. Puckette, “Calculation of a narrowed autocorrelation function,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 85, 1595–1601 (1989)] or of a narrow valley in the calculation of an inverse autocorrelation [J. C. Brown and M. S. Puckette, “Musical information from a narrowed autocorrelation function,” Proceedings of the 1987 International Conference on Computer Music, Urbana, Illinois, 84–88 (1987)]. These calculations are applied to the determination of the fundamental frequency of musical signals produced by keyboard, wind, and string instruments. These results are compared to frequency tracking results obtained on these sounds with conventional autocorrelation. In so doing it is determined first whether the method of autocorrelation is well-adapted to the problem of tracking the frequency of musical signals, and, second, under what conditions “narrowed” autocorrelation is advantageous.
Clock Gating Techniques: An Overview (2018)

Clock gating is one of the most popular techniques used in many synchronous circuits for reducing dynamic power dissipation and it is helpful for decreasing the ability of power wasted by digital circuits. The major power consuming in electronics product is the systems clock signal and it is responsible for transition state of the components and this typically leads to the switching power consumption. Several techniques are used to reduce power some of the developed techniques are power gating, clock gating, adiabatic logic etc,. In clock gating technique, the unwanted clock signal is deactivated or blocked and by this activity, low dynamic power consumption can be achieved. Summary of issues associated with above clock gating techniques are presented for the research community to enable them to take future research in the right direction.
Discovery of aspoquinolones A–D, prenylated quinoline-2-one alkaloids from Aspergillus nidulans, motivated by genome mining (2006)

Motivated by the observation that the Aspergillus nidulans genome bears multiple anthranilic acid synthase gene copies, the fungal metabolome was reinvestigated under various fermentation conditions, resulting in the discovery of novel prenylated quinolin-2-one alkaloids, two of which bear unprecedented terpenoid side chains.
Photonic crystals as host material for a new generation of microwave components (2006)

Abstract. In order to verify simulations of a concave lens based upon a photonic crystal, it was scaled and built for the application in the microwave range. Its field distribution was measured between 5.5 and 12 GHz. Due to the effective refractive index smaller than 1, focusing points were found in spite of the concave shape. The survey of the field distributions at the investigated frequencies leads to other possible applications of photonic crystals in the microwave and millimetre wave region, like beam-splitter and prism.
Spring-loaded polymeric gel actuators (2023)

Spring-loaded electrically controllable polymeric gel actuators are disclosed. The polymeric gels can be polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, or polyacrylamide, and are contained in an electrolytic solvent bath such as water plus acetone. The action of the gel is mechanically biased, allowing the expansive and contractile forces to be optimized for specific applications.
Computed Tomography of Breast Lesions (1983)

Thirty-three patients with breast lesions demonstrated by mammography were examined with computed tomography (CT) using a standard whole body scanner. Although the CT images were of good diagnostic quality, the amount of new information gained was limited. The diagnostic accuracy of mammography in the hands of an experienced reader was higher than that with CT. We conclude that, although technically a whole body scanner is capable of producing good images of the breast, the number of patients in whom CT should be used instead of or in addition to mammography is limited. The indication for its use was primarily for patients in whom quality mammograms could not be produced because either the breast was unusually dense or extensive breast disease caused technical difficulties in performing mammograms. Computed tomography was also useful if the interpretation of the mammogram was equivocal, regional lymph node enlargement was questioned, invasion of the chest wall by tumor was suspected, and for planning radiotherapy treatment.
Radioimmunoassay of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in serum and urine by using antisera of different specificities. (1977)

We raised high-titre antisera to two LSD-bovine serum albumin conjugates, one linked via the indole nitrogen, the other via the amide side-chain. The antisera were specific for different parts of the LSD molecule, as demonstrated by cross-reactivity studies with LSD, its metabolites, ergot alkoloids, and closely related compounds. The antisera were used to develop a double-antibody radioimmunoassay with a detection limit of about 0.4 mug of LSD per liter of unextracted urine or serum. We saw no nonspecific interference by urine, serum, or from a series of commonly used drugs. There was good correlation between immunoassay values obtained with the two antisera (r = 0.91). However, the antiserum linked via the indole nitrogen gave consistently higher results for samples from persons who had taken LSD, owing to greater cross-reactivity with LSD metabolites. Radioimmunoassay by use of two such antisera is a more specific screening procedure for LSD abuse than has been available previously. In addition, antisera cross-reacting with LSD metabolites allow measurement of these compounds, for which there is no satisfactory method at the concentrations found in biological fluids in man.
HABITAT SATURATION DRIVES THRESHOLDS IN STREAM SUBSIDIES (2008)

Understanding how abundance regulates the effects of organisms on their ecosystems remains a critical goal of ecology, especially for understanding inter-ecosystem transfers of energy and nutrients. Here we examined how territoriality and nest-digging by anadromous salmon mediate trophic subsidies to stream fishes. Salmon eggs become available for consumption primarily by the digging of salmon that superimpose their nests on previous nests. An individual-based model of spawning salmon predicted that territoriality and habitat saturation produce a nonlinear effect of salmon density on numbers of available eggs to resident predators. Field studies in Alaskan streams found that higher densities of salmon produce disproportionately more eggs in stream drift and in diets of resident fishes (Arctic grayling and rainbow trout). Bioenergetics model simulations indicated that these subsidies produce substantially enhanced growth rates of trout. These results demonstrate that small changes in salmon abundance can drive large changes in subsidies to stream food webs. Thus, the ecological consequences of population declines of keystone species, such as salmon, will be exacerbated when behavior generates nonlinear impacts.
Combining hierarchy and energy for drawing directed graphs (2004)

We present an algorithm for drawing directed graphs which is based on rapidly solving a unique one-dimensional optimization problem for each of the axes. The algorithm results in a clear description of the hierarchy structure of the graph. Nodes are not restricted to lie on fixed horizontal layers, resulting in layouts that convey the symmetries of the graph very naturally. The algorithm can be applied without change to cyclic or acyclic digraphs and even to graphs containing both directed and undirected edges. We also derive a hierarchy index from the input digraph, which quantitatively measures its amount of hierarchy.
Measurement of Extracellular Fluid Volume and Blood Volume in Sheep (1977)

Methods are described for the simultaneous measurement of extracellular fluid volume (ECFV) and plasma volume (PV) in sheep using dilution of 82Br (as sodium bromide) and l3lI-labelled ovine gamma globulin. Following injection of 82Br (100 }lCi), equilibrium in blood was reached after 3 h at which time only 4 % of the injected dose was in rumen water. The ECFV was measured as the mean Of the 2- and 3-h bromide space after correction for the relative water content of plasma, the Gibbs-Donnan factor and the loss of 82Br into red blood cells. l 3lI-labelled ovine gamma globulin (20 }lCi) was injected after the 3-h 82Br space was obtained and blood samples were taken at 10, 20, 30 and 40 min.
Daily variation in the udder surface temperature of dairy cows measured by infrared thermography: Potential for mastitis detection (2003)

The daily and within-day variation in udder temperature was monitored in dairy cows (n = 10) using infrared thermography (IRT). The initial assessment and prediction of udder surface temperature variation would hopefully form the basis for future development of an early detection method for mastitis. Our initial objective was to determine the magnitude and pattern of udder temperature variation. To accomplish this, we measured daily fluctuations in udder temperature and the influence of environmental factors upon these values in non-mastitic cows. Udder temperature rose significantly after an exercise period (P < 0.05). Within-day monitoring of udder temperature demonstrated there was a distinct circadian rhythm. Lag regression analysis showed that previous daily udder temperatures together with environmental temperature parameters could successfully predict current udder temperature with a high degree of accuracy. The variation between predicted and actual udder temperature was within the detectable range for an inflammatory response. Infrared thermography shows promise in its application if coupled with environmental temperature monitoring as an early detection method for mastitis. Key words: Thermography, dairy cattle, environment, temperature
Estimulando Funções Executivas em sala de aula: o Programa Heróis da Mente. (2014)

As Funcoes Executivas (FE) sao um conjunto de habilidades complexas que nos permitem direcionar o nosso comportamento para metas e objetivos, flexibilizar estrategias e pensamentos, assim como autorregular-se, controlar os impulsos, tomar decisoes, realizar planos e solucionar problemas, sempre tendo em monitorando nosso progresso.  Conjunto de processos cognitivos e metacognitivos que estao envolvidas no controle e direcionamento do comportamento, responsaveis por orientrem e gerenciarem funcoes cognitivas, comportamentais e emocionais (Dias, 2013; Malloy-Diniz, Fuentes, Mattos, & Abreu, 2010) (Dias e Seabra, 2013; Malloy-Diniz et al., 2008). As FE atingem sua maturidade mais tardiamente, apresentam um desenvolvimento mais intenso entre 4 e 8 anos (Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University, 2011), e ao longo da adolescencia ate o inicio da vida adulta. Por conta desse longo processo de maturacao e desenvolvimento, as FE sao susceptiveis a desvios do seu desenvolvimento, acarretando em prejuizos e comprometimentos dessas habilidades.
Studies on the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds. XIV. Cleavage of 1,3‐benzoxathioles by magnesium bromide‐acetic anhydride (1984)

Abstract The cleavage reaction of some 1,3‐benzoxathioles with magnesium bromide and acetic anhydride has been studied. In all the 1,3‐benzoxathioles studied, the opening of the heterocyclic ring occurs first with cleavage of the CO bond and formation of bromides and their corresponding products of hydrolysis. Successively also the cleavage of the CS bond can occur. The competitive electrophilic substitution on the benzene ring becomes appreciable only in the 1,3‐benzoxathioles‐2,2‐disubstituted with sterically demanding groups. The structure of newly prepared compounds has been determined by analytical and spectroscopic data and when possible by comparison with authentic samples.
Basic principles of the ABO and Rh blood group systems for hemapheresis practitioners (1992)

Since 1901, more than 20 distinct blood group systems have been identified and characterized. Yet, the ABO System, the first described, remains the most clinically significant in blood transfusion and organ transplantation medicine. The ABO antigens are the only cellular antigens which consistently produce a potent, naturally occurring antithetical antibody which circulates in the plasma of healthy individuals. ABO antigens are expressed on most blood cells, organs, and tissues and in most body fluids. Expression of the antigens results from the interaction of several separate, but closely related genes: ABO, H, and Secretor (Se). Blood group specificity depends upon the inheritance of the ABO and H genes, and the subsequent expression of these antigens on the red blood cells. The "D" or Rho antigen is the most clinically significant blood group antigen next to the ABO antigens. The D antigen belongs to the Rh System, which consists of a trio of genes that are so closely linked that they are inherited as a package. The antigens are an integral part of the red blood cell membrane. They lend stability to the membrane structure when they are normal, but result in decreased red cell survival when absent. Rh antibodies are immune antibodies requiring a stimulus and can cause significant transfusion and childbearing complications if present.
Duplicate detection in consumer photography and news video (2002)

Consumers often make more than one photograph of the same scene, creating non-identical duplicates and near duplicates. In Kodak's consumer photography database, on average, 19% of the images, per roll, fall into this category. Automatic detection of duplicates, therefore, is extremely useful in applications that help users organize their image collections. We introduce the challenging problem of non-identical duplicate image detection in consumer photography, describe STELLA (a novel interactive personal image collection organization system), and give an overview of our novel framework for detecting duplicate and near duplicate consumer photographs and news videos.
Combining rules and state objects in a configuration expert system (2002)

The authors have designed and implemented an expert system in the area of mechanical design that combines the rule-based paradigm of problem solving with a paradigm based on on search in a state space. KONEX uses the state space to represent intermediate designs and applies production rules to move to successor states. The authors have developed strategies to keep the search space at a manageable size. The search tree is expanded incrementally and the number of nodes is reduced at each step. The authors describe the domain in which KONEX operates, i.e. the domain of CNC-machines. They then concentrate on how states are represented by control-objects. The advantages of using state spaces with nodes describing partial designs are illustrated with a concrete example.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
MRA Toolbox v. 1.0: a web-based toolbox for predicting mixture toxicity of chemical substances in chemical products (2022)

The chemical risk assessment paradigm is shifting from "substance-based" to "product/mixture-based" and from "animal testing" to "alternative testing" under chemical regulations. Organisms and the environment may be exposed to mixtures rather than a single substance. Conducting toxicity tests for all possible combinations is impractical due to the enormous combinatorial complexity. This study highlights the development and application case studies of Mixture Risk Assessment Toolbox, a novel web-based platform that supports mixture risk assessment through the use of different prediction models and public databases. This integrated framework provides new functional values for assessors to easily screen and compare the toxicity of mixture products using different computational techniques and find strategic solutions to reduce the mixture toxicity in the product development process. The toolbox ( https://www.mratoolbox.org ) includes four additive toxicity models: two conventional (Concentration Addition; and Independent Action) and two advanced (Generalized Concentration Addition; and Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship-based Two-Stage Prediction) models. We demonstrated the multiple functions of the toolbox using three cases: (i) how it can be used to calculate the mixture toxicity, (ii) those for which safety data sheet (SDS) only indicating representative toxicity values (EC<sub>50</sub>; and LC<sub>50</sub>), and (iii) those comprising chemicals with low toxic effects.
Novel ArF Excimer Laser Resists Based on Menthyl Methacrylate Terpolymer. (1996)

Recent advances in the single-layer resist for forming finer patterns have led us to a search for new resist materials for the ArF excimer laser. We describe a novel, environmentally friendly, single-layer resist based on a menthyl methacrylate terpolymer which has good dry etch resistance and high transparency in the wavelength region of ArF emission.
Enhanced regeneration and functional recovery after spinal root avulsion by manipulation of the proteoglycan receptor PTPσ (2015)

Following root avulsion, spinal nerves are physically disconnected from the spinal cord. Severe motoneuron death and inefficient axon regeneration often result in devastating motor dysfunction. Newly formed axons need to extend through inhibitory scar tissue at the CNS-PNS transitional zone before entering into a pro-regenerative peripheral nerve trajectory. CSPGs are dominant suppressors in scar tissue and exert inhibition via neuronal receptors including PTPσ. Previously, a small peptide memetic of the PTPσ wedge region named ISP (Intracellular Sigma Peptide) was generated, and its capabilities to target PTPσ and relieve CSPG inhibition were validated. Here, we demonstrate that after ventral root avulsion and immediate re-implantation, modulation of PTPσ by systemic delivery of ISP remarkably enhanced regeneration. ISP treatment reduced motoneuron death, increased the number of axons regenerating across scar tissue, rebuilt healthy neuromuscular junctions and enhanced motor functional recovery. Our study shows that modulation of PTPσ is a potential therapeutic strategy for root avulsion.
Feature detection and tracking with the dynamic and active-pixel vision sensor (DAVIS) (2016)

Because standard cameras sample the scene at constant time intervals, they do not provide any information in the blind time between subsequent frames. However, for many high-speed robotic and vision applications, it is crucial to provide high-frequency measurement updates also during this blind time. This can be achieved using a novel vision sensor, called DAVIS, which combines a standard camera and an asynchronous event-based sensor in the same pixel array. The DAVIS encodes the visual content between two subsequent frames by an asynchronous stream of events that convey pixel-level brightness changes at microsecond resolution. We present the first algorithm to detect and track visual features using both the frames and the event data provided by the DAVIS. Features are first detected in the grayscale frames and then tracked asynchronously in the blind time between frames using the stream of events. To best take into account the hybrid characteristics of the DAVIS, features are built based on large, spatial contrast variations (i.e., visual edges), which are the source of most of the events generated by the sensor. An event-based algorithm is further presented to track the features using an iterative, geometric registration approach. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated on real data acquired by the DAVIS.
Correction: P-Glycoprotein Acts as an Immunomodulator during Neuroinflammation (2010)

Background: Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system in which autoreactive myelin-specific T cells cause extensive tissue damage, resulting in neurological deficits. In the disease process, T cells are primed in the periphery by antigen presenting dendritic cells (DCs). DCs are considered to be crucial regulators of specific immune responses and molecules or proteins that regulate DC function are therefore under extensive investigation. We here investigated the potential immunomodulatory capacity of the ATP binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (Pgp). P-gp generally drives cellular efflux of a variety of compounds and is thought to be involved in excretion of inflammatory agents from immune cells, like DCs. So far, the immunomodulatory role of these ABC transporters is unknown.
Essential Role of TRPC6 Channels in G2/M Phase Transition and Development of Human Glioma (2010)

In this preclinical model, TRPC6 channels were essential for glioma development via regulation of G2/M phase transition. This study suggests that TRPC6 might be a new target for therapeutic intervention of human glioma.
Phenotypic expression of genetically-controlled natural resistance to <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> (BCG). (1984)

Mycobacterium bovis (BCG), when maintained in vitro, readily incorporates [3H]uracil, the RNA precursor. The rate of [3H]uracil incorporation into bacilli is sharply reduced when the BCG is phagocytized by murine adherent resident peritoneal macrophages and subsequently released by the lysis of monolayers. Macrophages derived from mouse strains that are innately resistant to BCG infection in vivo (Bcgr) are able to inhibit the [3H]uracil incorporation into the bacilli in a significantly more effective way than macrophages from BCG-susceptible (Bcgs) strains. This difference is best demonstrated with a low rate of infection (BCG: macrophage ratio between 1:1 and 2:1), and is most pronounced at 4 to 5 days after in vitro infection of macrophage monolayers. In vivo interaction of BCG with peritoneal macrophages in situ results in the same pattern of enhanced inhibition of [3H]uracil incorporation by Bcgr macrophages. The use of Bcg-congenic mouse strains has confirmed that the Chromosome 1 Bcg (Ity, Lsh) locus is regulating the antimycobacterial activity of macrophages. We conclude that the resident macrophage is the cell population that expresses the phenotype of genetically determined resistance to BCG infection.
Outcome Prediction in Pediatric Critical Care (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Segmentation-based intra coding of depth maps using texture information (2013)

Emerging video technologies, such as 3DTV, increase the demand for high efficiency coding tools. To allow the transmission of a multiview video over the employed transmission channels, a new data format including texture and the corresponding depth information has been proposed. In this paper we present a novel segmentation-based intra codec for depth maps, utilizing the correlation between depth and color data. Our system performs a low-complexity color segmentation on the texture image and encodes the depth values within the segments. The same segmentation is calculated at the decoder, ensuring the closed-loop property of the system. Experimental results show that the proposed system is a viable alternative for 3D-HEVC in low-complexity applications.