gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The catecholamine release-inhibitory peptide catestatin (chromogranin A344-364) modulates myocardial function in fish (2010)

Catestatin (CST), the 21-amino acid, cationic and hydrophobic peptide proteolytically derived from the ubiquitous chromogranin A (CgA), is an endogenous inhibitor of catecholamine release, a potent vasodilator in vivo and an anti-hypertensive agent in mammals, including humans. Recently, we discovered that CST also functions as an important negative modulator of heart performance in frog and rat. To gain an evolutionary perspective on CST cardiotropism in fish, we analysed the influence of bovine CST (CgA₃₄₄₋₃₆₄) on the eel heart, as well as the eventual species-specific mechanisms of its myocardial action. Experiments were carried out on fresh-water eels (Anguilla anguilla L.) using an electrically paced isolated working heart preparation. Stroke volume and stroke work were used as measures of ventricular performance. Under basal conditions, CST (from 11 nmol l⁻¹ to 165 nmol l⁻¹) caused a concentration-dependent negative inotropism, which was abolished by inhibitors of either β₁/β₂ (propranolol) or β₃ (SR₅₉₂₃₀) adrenergic receptors, or by G(i/o) protein (PTx) or nitric oxide synthase (L-NMMA), or guanylate cyclase (ODQ) blockers. This suggests a β-adrenergic receptor-G(i/o) protein-NO-cGMP-dependent mechanism. By contrast, the CST-induced cardio-suppression was not influenced by atropine, unspecific muscarinic antagonist, thus excluding cholinergic receptor involvement. CST also counteracted the adrenergic (isoproterenol)-mediated positive inotropism. Under increased preload (i.e. Frank-Starling response) conditions, CST induced a significant increase of the Frank-Starling response, which was blocked by L-NMMA and thapsigargin, but independent from guanylate cyclase. In conclusion, this is the first report in fish that CST modulates myocardial performance under basal, as well as under increased preload, conditions and counteracts the adrenergic-mediated positive inotropism, which strikingly supports the evolutionary significance and establishes the cardioactive role of this peptide.
Mobility API Extension for Distributed Mobility Management (2013)

In order to provide an appropriate level of mobility support that a
mobile node may require for proper performance of various
applications, it is important to enable applications to select
addresses that will be managed properly by the mobility management
infrastructure. Previous documents have enabled address selection on
the basis of certain characteristics such as randomness, temporary
usage, scope of validity, and so on. This document proposes new
classes of addresses in addition to those already available, to enable
an application to receive certain kinds of mobility support.
Online Condition Monitoring for Both IGBT Module and DC-Link Capacitor of Power Converter Based on Short-Circuit Current Simultaneously (2017)

Insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) modules and dc-link capacitors are important parts in the majority of power electronic converters which contribute to cost, size, and failure rate on a considerable scale. This paper presents an online condition monitoring method for both IGBT modules and dc-link capacitors of power converters based on short-circuit current of an IGBT module, which is a good condition indicator according to the theory analysis. The failure prediction of dc-Link capacitor is realized by equivalent series resistance, which can be calculated by short-circuit current and a step voltage, and the bond wires fatigue can also be identified by the short-circuit current. The proposed method is capable for detecting small changes in the failure indicators of IGBT modules and electrolytic capacitors, and its effectiveness is validated by a confirmatory experiment. The novelty of the proposed method is that the degradations of IGBT modules and capacitors can be identified simultaneously, and has the merits of low cost and circuit simplicity.
Gross and Microscopic Findings in Patients Undergoing Microdermabrasion for Facial Rejuvenation (2001)

BACKGROUND Microdermabrasion (MDA) is a new procedure used for the treatment of cosmetic problems, particularly to combat photoaging and intrinsic aging. Though excellent clinical improvement has been well documented, histologic support is limited. OBJECTIVE To determine if microscopic changes correlate with clinical improvement and to examine the depth of penetration compared to chemical peels. METHODS Seven women were submitted to five MDA sessions at weekly intervals. Skin biopsies were performed in all of them, before and after the treatment. Clinical and photographic assessments were recorded weekly. Data concerning skin features, including oiliness, thickness, dilated pores, and general appearance, were all assessed. Microscopic improvement of changes associated with cutaneous aging in the epidermis and dermis where all assessed. For statistical analysis, a t-test for small samples was utilized. RESULTS All the patients showed clinical and microscopic improvement in all of the parameters assessed. The t-test for small samples showed a P < .05. CONCLUSION MDA is a good alternative for facial rejuvenation. Improvements in both clinical and microscopic parameters are readily demonstrable.
Behaviour Trees for Evolutionary Robotics: Reducing the Reality Gap (2014)

Evolutionary Robotics allows robots with limited sensors and processing to tackle complex tasks by means of sensory-motor coordination. In this paper we show the first application of the Behaviour Tree framework to a real robotic platform using the Evolutionary Robotics methodology. This framework is used to improve the intelligibility of the emergent robotic behaviour as compared to the traditional Neural Network formulation. As a result, the behaviour is easier to comprehend and manually adapt when crossing the reality gap from simulation to reality. This functionality is shown by performing real-world flight tests with the 20-gram DelFly Explorer flapping wing UAV equipped with a 4-gram onboard stereo vision system. The experiments show that the DelFly can fully autonomously search for and fly through a window with only its onboard sensors and processing. The success rate of the learnt behaviour in simulation 88% and the corresponding real-world performance is 54% after user adaptation. Although this leaves room for improvement, it is higher than the 46% success rate from a tuned user-defined controller.
Near-IR wide field-of-view Huygens metalens for outdoor imaging applications (2019)

The ongoing effort to implement compact and cheap optical systems is the main driving force for the recent flourishing research in the field of optical metalenses. Metalenses are a type of metasurface, used for focusing and imaging applications, and are implemented based on the nanopatterning of an optical surface. The challenge faced by metalens research is to reach high levels of performance, using simple fabrication methods suitable for mass-production. In this paper we present a Huygens nanoantenna based metalens, designed for outdoor photographic/surveillance applications in the near-infra-red. We show that good imaging quality can be obtained over a field-of-view (FOV) as large as +/-15 degrees. This first successful implementation of metalenses for outdoor imaging applications is expected to provide insight and inspiration for future metalens imaging applications.
Improving T-cell expansion and function for adoptive T-cell therapy using ex vivo treatment with PI3Kδ inhibitors and VIP antagonists (2018)

Adoptive therapy with ex vivo-expanded genetically modified antigen-specific T cells can induce remissions in patients with relapsed/refractory cancer. The clinical success of this therapy depends upon efficient transduction and expansion of T cells ex vivo and their homing, persistence and cytotoxicity following reinfusion. Lower rates of ex vivo expansion and clinical response using anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have been seen in heavily pretreated lymphoma patients compared with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients and motivate the development of novel strategies to enhance ex vivo T cell expansion and their persistence in vivo. We demonstrate that inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase δ (PI3Kδ) and antagonism of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) signaling partially inhibits the terminal differentiation of T cells during anti-CD3/CD28 bead-mediated expansion (mean, 54.4% CD27<sup>+</sup>CD28<sup>+</sup> T cells vs 27.4% in control cultures; <i>P</i> < .05). This strategy results in a mean of 83.7% more T cells cultured from lymphoma patients in the presence of PI3Kδ and VIP antagonists, increased survival of human T cells from a lymphoma patient in a murine xenograft model, enhanced cytotoxic activity of antigen-specific human CAR T cells and murine T cells against lymphoma, and increased transduction and expansion of anti-CD5 human CAR T cells. PI3Kδ and VIP antagonist-expanded T cells from lymphoma patients show reduced terminal differentiation, enhanced polyfunctional cytokine expression, and preservation of costimulatory molecule expression. Taken together, synergistic blockade of these pathways is an attractive strategy to enhance the expansion and functional capacity of ex vivo-expanded cancer-specific T cells.
A computational atlas of the hippocampal formation using ex vivo, ultra-high resolution MRI: Application to adaptive segmentation of in vivo MRI (2015)

Automated analysis of MRI data of the subregions of the hippocampus requires computational atlases built at a higher resolution than those that are typically used in current neuroimaging studies. Here we describe the construction of a statistical atlas of the hippocampal formation at the subregion level using ultra-high resolution, ex vivo MRI. Fifteen autopsy samples were scanned at 0.13 mm isotropic resolution (on average) using customized hardware. The images were manually segmented into 13 different hippocampal substructures using a protocol specifically designed for this study; precise delineations were made possible by the extraordinary resolution of the scans. In addition to the subregions, manual annotations for neighboring structures (e.g., amygdala, cortex) were obtained from a separate dataset of in vivo, T1-weighted MRI scans of the whole brain (1mm resolution). The manual labels from the in vivo and ex vivo data were combined into a single computational atlas of the hippocampal formation with a novel atlas building algorithm based on Bayesian inference. The resulting atlas can be used to automatically segment the hippocampal subregions in structural MRI images, using an algorithm that can analyze multimodal data and adapt to variations in MRI contrast due to differences in acquisition hardware or pulse sequences. The applicability of the atlas, which we are releasing as part of FreeSurfer (version 6.0), is demonstrated with experiments on three different publicly available datasets with different types of MRI contrast. The results show that the atlas and companion segmentation method: 1) can segment T1 and T2 images, as well as their combination, 2) replicate findings on mild cognitive impairment based on high-resolution T2 data, and 3) can discriminate between Alzheimer's disease subjects and elderly controls with 88% accuracy in standard resolution (1mm) T1 data, significantly outperforming the atlas in FreeSurfer version 5.3 (86% accuracy) and classification based on whole hippocampal volume (82% accuracy).
Micellar Solution of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) Catalyzes Facile Michael Addition of Amines and Thiols to α<i>,β</i>‐Unsaturated Ketones in Water under Neutral Conditions (2005)

Abstract Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) catalyzes facile Michael additions of amines and thiols to α ,β ‐unsaturated ketones under neutral micellar conditions to afford the corresponding Michael adducts in good to high yields.
Using Multilevel Phase Change Memory to Build Data Storage: A Time-Aware System Design Perspective (2012)

This paper advocates a time-aware design methodology for using multilevel per cell (MLC) phase-change memory (PCM) in data storage systems such as solid-state disk and disk cache. It is well known that phase-change material resistance drift gradually reduces memory device noise margin and degrades the raw storage reliability. Intuitively, due to the time-dependent nature of resistance drift, if we can dynamically adjust storage system operations adaptive to the time and, hence, memory cell resistance drift, we may improve various PCM-based data storage system performance metrics. Under such an intuitive time-aware system design concept, we propose three specific design techniques, including time-aware variable-strength error correction code (ECC) decoding, time-aware partial rewrite, and time-aware read-&-refresh. Since PCM-based data storage systems have to use powerful ECC whose decoding can be energy-hungry, the first technique aims to minimize the ECC decoding energy consumption. The second technique improves the data retention limit when using partial rewrite in MLC PCM, and the third technique can further improve the efficiency of time-aware variable-strength ECC decoding. Using hypothetical 2-bit/cell PCM with device parameters from recent device research as a test vehicle, we carry out mathematical analysis and trace-based simulations, which show that these techniques can improve the data retention limit by few orders of magnitude, and enable up to 97 and 79 percent energy savings for PCM-based solid-state disk and PCM-based disk cache.
Reactions of cyclohexane derivatives in superacids (1991)

The reactions of menthol with FSO3H–SO2 and neomenthyl chloride with SbF5–SO2ClF follow different routes. The first yields a substituted cyclopentyl cation and the second a substituted cyclohexyl cation. Experiments on substituted cyclohexyl chlorides show that replacement of all the hydrogen atoms on the next but one carbon atom to the reaction centre blocks formation of a carbocation. It is suggested that ionisation of an equatorial chlorine atom takes place with assistance from an intramolecular electronic interaction, forming the methyl cyclopentyl carbocation in a synchronous process, rather than stepwise via the cyclohexyl carbocation. Reasons for contrasting behaviour in solvolytic reactions are discussed.
<i>In vitro</i> growth of oocyte–granulosa cell complexes isolated from cryopreserved ovine tissue (1999)

A culture system has been designed in which enzymatically isolated oocyte-granulosa cell complexes from fresh and frozen-thawed ovine ovarian tissue can be grown to antral size in vitro. Oocyte-granulosa complexes ranging from 100 to 240 microns in diameter were dissected from stromal tissue and grown individually in serum-free medium for 30 days. Complexes < 190 microns generally excluded their oocytes or lost three-dimensional structure early in the culture period. In contrast, complexes isolated from fresh or frozen-thawed tissue and measuring 190-240 microns on the day of isolation formed antral cavities in 25 +/- 9% and 18 +/- 6% (mean +/- SEM) of cases, respectively. The effect of gonadotrophin supplementation to the culture medium was tested on frozen-thawed oocyte-granulosa cell complexes only. In cultures supplemented with both FSH and LH or FSH alone, there was no significant difference in the number of oocyte-granulosa cell complexes that formed antral cavities (18 +/- 7%). However, antrum formation was significantly less frequent in cultures lacking gonadotrophin stimulation (7 +/- 4%). All oocyte-granulosa cell complexes maintained a three-dimensional structure throughout culture and developed a functional P450 aromatase enzyme complex, as revealed by the induction of oestradiol production during 8 days of culture after antrum formation in serum-free medium containing testosterone. Oocytes recovered after 30 days of culture were viable and had increased in diameter from 78 +/- 2 microns on the day of isolation, to 131 +/- 3 microns at the end of culture. These results show that oocyte-granulosa cell complexes isolated from cryopreserved ovarian tissue can be grown to antral size in vitro with similar efficiency to those isolated from fresh tissue.
A long-life lithium-ion battery with a highly porous TiNb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> anode for large-scale electrical energy storage (2014)

A TiNb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> material with a nanoporous structure was prepared by a facile approach and can be used as an anode with excellent rate and cycling performance for long-life stationary lithium-ion batteries.
Administration of α <sub>1</sub> -Proteinase Inhibitor Ameliorates Bleomycin-induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Hamsters (1992)

The effect of alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor (alpha 1Pi) administration on the acute lung injury and subsequent fibrosis induced by bleomycin (BLM) was examined in hamsters. Pulmonary lesions were quantitatively reduced in alpha 1Pi-administered BLM-treated (BLM-alpha 1Pi) animals compared with animals treated by BLM alone (BLM-control) at both 7 days (acute stage) and 30 days (fibrotic stage) after BLM treatment. Analysis of intraalveolar cells from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid revealed that neutrophils and lymphocytes were significantly decreased in the BLM-alpha 1Pi animals at 7 days after BLM treatment and that 30 days after BLM treatment macrophages as well as neutrophils and lymphocytes were remarkably decreased in the BLM-alpha 1Pi animals. The elastase activity in supernatants of BAL fluid during 7 days following BLM treatment was detected, but there was no difference between the two groups. In vitro studies on neutrophil responsiveness to stimulation of BAL fluid at 3 days after BLM treatment revealed noticeable chemotaxis and generation of superoxide anion of isolated neutrophils, but alpha 1Pi did not show any inhibitory effects on neutrophil responsiveness. We suggest that alpha 1Pi administration ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis preceded by acute lung injury induced by BLM treatment in hamsters and that the inhibitory effects of alpha 1Pi on lung injury may not be brought about by altered elastase activity, chemotaxis, or superoxide generation in neutrophils. Alternative mechanisms are discussed.
A novel forward configuration for DC-DC application: built-in input filter forward converter (BIFFC) (1995)

Employing the transformer leakage inductance and two cross-coupled capacitors, a built-in input filter forward converter (BIFFC) configuration is proposed. Without adding extra components, this configuration can perform core reset, turn-off snubber, voltage-clamped and input filter functions. Consequently, low voltage stress, high efficiency performance and reduced input current ripple can be achieved. In this paper, the circuit operation is analyzed by using the PSpice software. Based on the simulation results, the design guideline is provided and an experimental circuit on a 300 kHz, 50 W converter was breadboarded for performance evaluation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Karyometry detects subvisual differences in chromatin organisation state between non-recurrent and recurrent papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential (2004)

Karyometry and multivariate analyses detect subvisual differences in chromatin organisation state between non-recurrent and recurrent PUNLMPs, thus allowing identification of lesions that do or do not recur.
Retinopathy in Diabetes (2004)

Diabetic retinopathy is the most frequent cause of new cases of blindness among adults aged 20 –74 years. During the first two decades of disease, nearly all patients with type 1 diabetes and 60% of patients with type 2 diabetes have retinopathy. In the Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy (WESDR), 3.6% of younger-onset patients (type 1 diabetes) and 1.6% of olderonset patients (type 2 diabetes) were legally blind. In the younger-onset group, 86% of blindness was attributable to diabetic retinopathy. In the older-onset group, in which other eye diseases were common, one-third of the cases of legal blindness were due to diabetic retinopathy. NATURAL HISTORY OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY Diabetic retinopathy progresses from mild nonproliferative abnormalities, characterized by increased vascular permeability, to moderate and severe nonproliferative d iabetic r etinopathy (NPDR), characterized by vascular closure, to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), characterized by the growth of new blood vessels on the retina and posterior surface of the vitreous. Macular edema, characterized by retinal thickening from leaky blood vessels, can develop at all stages of retinopathy. Pregnancy, puberty, blood glucose control, hypertension, and cataract surgery can accelerate these changes. Vision-threatening retinopathy is rare in type 1 diabetic patients in the first 3–5 years of diabetes or before puberty. During the next two decades, nearly all type 1 diabetic patients develop retinopathy. Up to 21% of patients with type 2 diabetes have retinopathy at the time of first diagnosis of diabetes, and most develop some degree of retinopathy over time. Vision loss due to diabetic retinopathy results from several mechanisms. Central vision may be impaired by macular edema or capillary nonperfusion. New blood vessels of PDR and contraction of the accompanying fibrous tissue can distort the retina and lead to tractional retinal detachment, producing severe and often irreversible vision loss. In addition, the new blood vessels may bleed, adding the further complication of preretinal or vitreous hemorrhage. Finally, neovascular glaucoma associated with PDR can be a cause of visual loss.
Lavandulyl Flavanones from Sophora flavescens Protect Mouse Hippocampal Cells against Glutamate-Induced Neurotoxicity via the Induction of Heme Oxygenase-1 (2008)

Lavandulyl flavanones of Sophora flavescens roots are anti-malarial, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic. Here, we examined whether four lavandulyl flavanones, (2S)-2'-methoxykurarinone (1), sophoraflavanone G (2), leachianone A (3), and (-)-kurarinone (4), isolated from S. flavescens could protect HT22 immortalized hippocampal cells against glutamate-induced oxidative stress. Compounds 1 and 2 induced the expression of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 and increased HO activity dose- and time-dependently. These two compounds also suppressed glutamate-induced reactive oxygen species generation in HT22 cells, whereas compounds 3 and 4 were not protective. These two lavandulyl flavanones (compounds 1, 2) may protect against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity via HO-1 induction.
An automatic X-Y scanning controller for laser annealing of ion-implanted semiconductors (1982)

An apparatus for automatic X-Y scanning of ion-implanted samples during laser annealing based on a Z-80 microcomputer is described. The laser beam reflected back from the semiconductor surface is used as a diagnostic signal to control the X and Y scans. The microcomputer is used to generate a pulse with a proper time delay to trigger the laser, to sense the reflected light and to determine when and how to scan the X- and Y-stepping motors.
Association between delayed graft function and allograft and patient survival: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2008)

The results of this meta-analysis emphasize and quantify the long-term detrimental association between DGF and important graft outcomes like graft survival, acute rejection and renal function. Efforts to prevent and treat DGF should be aggressively investigated in order to improve graft survival given the deficit in the number of kidney donors.
The effect of ground profile and plough gauge wheel on ploughing work with a mounted plough (1995)

Kannessa ja nimiösivulla oleva julkaisuvuosi on virheellinen (1994), kuvailulehdellä (publication data) ja takakannessa oleva vuosi on todellinen julkaisu- ja painovuosi, 1995.