gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Infinite Impulse Response Echo Canceller in STFT Domain for Reverberant Environments (2019)

Acoustic echo cancellation and system identification in reverberant environments have been thoroughly studied in the literature. Theoretically, in a reverberant environment the Acoustic Impulse Response (AIR) relating the loudspeaker signal, denoted reference, with the corresponding signal component at the microphone, denoted echo, is of an infinite length and can be modeled as an Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filter. Correspondingly, the echo signal can be modeled as an Auto Regressive Moving Average (ARMA) process. Yet, most methods for this problem adopt a Finite Impulse Response (FIR) system model or equivalently a Moving Average (MA) echo signal model due to their favorable simplicity and stability. Latter methods, denoted FIR-Acoustic Echo Canceller (AEC), employ an Adaptive Filter (AF) for tracking a possibly time-varying system and cancelling echo. Some contributions adopt an IIR system model and utilize it to derive a time-domain AEC and accurately analyze the room behaviour. An IIR system model has also been successfully applied in the Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) domain for the dereverberation problem.In this contribution we consider an IIR model in the STFT domain and propose a novel online AEC algorithm, denoted IIR-AEC, which tracks the model parameters and cancels echo. The order of the feed-back filter, equivalent to the order of the Auto Regressive (AR) part of the echo signal model, can be designed to fit the acoustic model and the order of the feed-forward filter, equivalent to the order of the MA part of the echo signal model, is limited to a single tap, thereby requiring that the STFT window is longer than the early part of the AIR. The computational complexity of proposed IIR-AEC is comparable to a Recursive Least Squares (RLS) implementation of FIRAEC. These methods are evaluated using real measured AIRs drawn from a recording campaign and the IIR-AEC is shown to outperform the FIR-AEC.
A Potential Role for Adrenomedullin as a Local Regulator of Bone Growth<sup>1</sup> (2001)

Bone remodeling is a complex process of coordinated resorption and formation of bone, which is regulated by systemic hormones and by local factors. We have previously shown that the peptide hormone adrenomedullin is mitogenic to osteoblastic cells in vitro and that it promotes bone growth in vivo. The aim of the present study was to characterize the expression of molecules that may mediate adrenomedullin signaling in osteoblasts and to investigate the expression of adrenomedullin itself in these cells. The first adrenomedullin receptor that was cloned is the seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor, L1. Two additional receptors for adrenomedullin, which arise from interactions between calcitonin receptor-like receptor and receptor activity modifying proteins 2 or 3, have now been described. In the current study, we used RT-PCR and Northern blot analysis to demonstrate that messenger RNA for the three adrenomedullin receptors, as well as for adrenomedullin itself, is expressed in primary rat osteoblasts. Treating primary osteoblasts with transforming growth factor-beta and insulin-like growth factor-I moderately reduced adrenomedullin RNA levels, whereas PTH had no effect. We have shown by immunocytochemistry that adrenomedullin peptide is present in osteoblasts, and by competitive binding assays that (125)I-adrenomedullin binds with high affinity to intact osteoblasts and to osteoblast cell membranes. Coexpression of adrenomedullin and adrenomedullin receptors in osteoblasts, taken together with our previous finding that adrenomedullin is mitogenic to these cells, raises the possibility that this peptide is a local regulator of bone growth.
Sensitivities of five alpha continuous air monitors for detection of airborne {sup 239}Pu (1992)

Results of measurements of the sensitivities of five alpha continuous air monitors (CAMs) for detection of airborne {sup 239}Pu are presented. Four commercially available alpha CAMs (Kurz model 8311, Merlin Gerin Edgar, RADeCO model 452, and Victoreen model 758) and a prototype alpha CAM currently in use at Argonne National Laboratory- West (ANL-W) were tested sampling natural ambient air and laboratory-generated atmospheres laden with either blank dust or dust containing nCi/g concentrations of {sup 239}Pu. Cumulative alpha spectra were stored at 30 or 60 minute intervals during each sampling and were subsequently analyzed using three different commonly used alpha spectrum analysis algorithms. The effect of airborne dust concentration and sample filter porosity on detector resolution and sensitivity for airborne {sup 239}Pu are described.
Er-doped superfluorescent fiber source with a //sup +/sub -//0.5-ppm long-term mean-wavelength stability (2003)

We report an Er-doped superfluorescent fiber source (SFS) with a record mean-wavelength stability of ±0.5 ppm over 17 h. This breakthrough was achieved in a double-pass SFS by implementing several improvements, namely 1) controlling all the parameters that affect its mean wavelength, including the pump diode temperature and current, 2) reducing polarization-induced drifts in mean wavelength with a Faraday rotator mirror and a long Er-doped fiber (EDF), and 3) getting rid of polarization controllers to eliminate polarization-dependent loss. The long-term mean-wavelength variations of this SFS were due almost entirely to variations in the EDF temperature. When the SFS temperature was allowed to vary, by calibrating its mean-wavelength dependence on temperature, it was possible to predict the mean wavelength to a ±2-ppm precision by simply measuring the EDF temperature. The same configuration was also implemented with a different Er-doped fiber to achieve an even lower dependence on EDF temperature. When controlling the temperature of this second SFS to about ±0.5°C, it exhibited a stability of ±0.5 ppm over 17 h. These new developments constitute an important step toward a practical high-grade fiber-optic gyroscope.
3D Printing: Decal Electronics: Printable Packaged with 3D Printing High‐Performance Flexible CMOS Electronic Systems (Adv. Mater. Technol. 1/2017) (2017)

In article number 1600175, Muhammad M. Hussain and co-workers report a highly manufacturable heterogeneous integration strategy to combine complementary metal oxide semiconductor electronics, inkjet printing for interconnection, 3D printing for packaging, and roll-to-roll printing of decal electronics. The flexible electronic system shows reliable electrical performance, large-scale integration density as well as multifunctionality under extreme mechanical conditions.
On the Sub-Packetization Size and the Repair Bandwidth of Reed-Solomon Codes (2019)

Reed-Solomon (RS) codes are widely used in distributed storage systems. In this paper, we study the repair bandwidth and sub-packetization size of RS codes. The repair bandwidth is defined as the amount of transmitted information from surviving nodes to a failed node. The RS code can be viewed as a polynomial over a finite field GF(q <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I</sup> ) evaluated at a set of points, where I is called the sub-packetization size. Smaller bandwidth reduces the network traffic in distributed storage, and smaller I facilitates the implementation of RS codes with lower complexity. Recently, Guruswami and Wootters proposed a repair method for RS codes when the evaluation points are the entire finite field. While the sub-packetization size can be arbitrarily small, the repair bandwidth is higher than the minimum storage regenerating (MSR) bound. Tamo, Ye, and Barg achieved the MSR bound but the sub-packetization size grows faster than the exponential function of the number of the evaluation points. In this paper, we present code constructions and repair schemes that extend these results to accommodate different sizes of the evaluation points. In other words, we design schemes that provide points in between. These schemes provide a flexible tradeoff between the sub-packetization size and the repair bandwidth. In addition, we generalize our schemes to manage multiple failures.
Low‐Density High‐Strength Bulk Metallic Glasses and Their Composites: A Review (2014)

This review gives an overview of the field of low‐density (<6 g cm −3 ) bulk metallic glasses/composites and their potential engineering and space applications. The review focuses on four systems, Al‐, Mg‐, Ca‐, and Ti‐based metallic glass‐forming systems. In the following sections, glass forming ability, mechanical properties, thermal stability, and corrosion resistance of the four metallic glass systems and their composites are presented.
Representative Figure Method for Proximity Effect Correction (1991)

A new concept for proximity effect correction (the representative figure method) is proposed in order to greatly reduce the correction time. The method assigns only one representative rectangle within a small area whose size is sufficiently smaller than the backscattering range of electrons. Proximity effect correction is carried out by using representative figures instead of the original patterns. This method eliminates the pattern density dependence of the correction time because the pattern density of the representative figures does not exceed the number of small areas. The relative error caused by the representative figure method is at most ±1% for a Ghost-scheme exposure and ±3-4% for the dose correction method.
Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees for Point Cloud Attribute Compression (2021)

<div>We propose an embedded attribute encoding method for point clouds based on set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) [1]. The encoder is used with the region-adaptive hierarchical transform [2] which has been a popular transform for point cloud coding, even included in the standard geometry-based point cloud coder (G-PCC) [3],[4]. The result is an encoder that is efficient, scalable, and embedded. That is, higher compression is achieved by trimming the full bit-stream. G-PCC’s RAHT coefficient prediction prevents the straightforward incorporation of SPIHT into G-PCC. However, our results over other RAHT based coders are promising, improving over the original, nonpredictive RAHT encoder, while providing the key functionality of being embedded.</div>
Nanowired three-dimensional cardiac patches (2011)

Engineered cardiac patches for treating damaged heart tissues after a heart attack are normally produced by seeding heart cells within three-dimensional porous biomaterial scaffolds1, 2, 3. These biomaterials, which are usually made of either biological polymers such as alginate4 or synthetic polymers such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA)5, help cells organize into functioning tissues, but poor conductivity of these materials limits the ability of the patch to contract strongly as a unit6. Here, we show that incorporating gold nanowires within alginate scaffolds can bridge the electrically resistant pore walls of alginate and improve electrical communication between adjacent cardiac cells. Tissues grown on these composite matrices were thicker and better aligned than those grown on pristine alginate and when electrically stimulated, the cells in these tissues contracted synchronously. Furthermore, higher levels of the proteins involved in muscle contraction and electrical coupling are detected in the composite matrices. It is expected that the integration of conducting nanowires within three-dimensional scaffolds may improve the therapeutic value of current cardiac patches.
Poster Abstract: Thermal Side-Channel Forensics in Additive Manufacturing Systems (2016)

Additive manufacturing systems leak cyber-related information (such as G-code, M-code, etc.) from the side-channels (such as acoustic, power, thermal, etc.). In our work, we have successfully demonstrated the vulnerability of additive manufacturing to thermal side-channel attacks, where confidentiality can be breached to steal the Intellectual Property (IP) in the form of 3D design and printing parameters. We introduce a novel methodology to reverse engineer the thermal images acquired from the thermal side-channel to extract specific information (such as speed, temperature, axis of movement, etc.) present in the cyber-domain. To the best of our knowledge, this kind of forensics has not yet been explored in additive manufacturing systems.
Widely tunable terahertz source based on intra-cavity frequency mixing in quantum cascade laser arrays (2015)

We demonstrate a compact monolithic terahertz source continuously tunable from 1.9 THz to 3.9 THz with the maximum peak power output of 106 μW at 3.46 THz at room temperature. The source consists of an array of 10 electrically tunable quantum cascade lasers with intra-cavity terahertz difference-frequency generation. To increase fabrication yield and achieve high THz peak power output in our devices, a dual-section current pumping scheme is implemented using two electrically isolated grating sections to independently control gain for the two mid-IR pumps.
Tallysomycin,a new antitumor antibiotic complex related to bleomycin IV. New biosynthetic derivatives of tallysomycin. (1981)

A series of new biosynthetic derivatives of tallysomycins A and B were obtained by precursor amine-feeding fermentation. Certain diamines were incorporated into tallysomycins as the terminal amine moiety affording two classes of biosynthetic derivatives, with or without the Beta-lysine moiety in the subterminal position. Among 21 derivatives prepared, tallysomycin S10b was selected for further studies in view of its favorable therapeutic indices.
Whole-Virus Screening to Develop Synbodies for the Influenza Virus (2016)

There is an ongoing need for affinity agents for emerging viruses and new strains of current human viruses. We therefore developed a robust and modular system for engineering high-affinity synbody ligands for the influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 H1N1 virus as a model system. Whole-virus screening against a peptide microarray was used to identify binding peptides. Candidate peptides were linked to bis-maleimide peptide scaffolds to produce a library of candidate influenza-binding synbodies. From this library, a candidate synbody, ASU1060, was selected and affinity-improved via positional substitution using d-amino acids to produce a new synbody, ASU1061, that bound H1N1 in an ELISA assay with a K<sub>D</sub> of <1 nM, comparable to that of a monoclonal antibody for neuraminidase (NA). We prepared a modified version of ASU1061 that contained an additional C-terminal peptide to simulate conjugation of the synbody to a carrier protein, called ASU1063, and found that H1N1 binding was unchanged. Subsequent work identified the synbody target as nucleoprotein (NP), a highly conserved protein in influenza, with a K<sub>D</sub> of <1 nM for ASU1063. This suggests that virus-binding synbodies can be conjugated to carrier proteins or other moieties that could improve the therapeutic profile of the resulting synbody. This method is a rapid process that offers a means of developing new affinity ligands to influenza and other viruses.
Contamination of Commercially Available Fetal Bovine Sera with Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Genomes: Implications for the Study of Hepatitis C Virus in Cell Cultures (1996)

The establishment of cell cultures for hepatitis C virus (HCV) is important for its study as a human pathogen. However, in reported cell lines, HCV demonstrates low levels of replication detected primarily by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays. In attempts to culture HCV, an additional complication was observed. From mock-infected cultures, cDNA of appropriate size was obtained by RT-PCR with primers deduced from conserved domains of the 5' noncoding region of HCV. However, sequence analysis revealed that the cDNA was amplified from bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). All of 7 bovine sera tested were contaminated with BVDV. In conclusion, most commercially available bovine sera are contaminated with BVDV and, although there is no evidence that the virus is infectious, bovine sera should be screened for this virus by RT-PCR when used in conjunction with HCV or for the development or production of vaccine.
Binding of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag polyprotein to cyclophilin A is mediated by the central region of capsid and requires Gag dimerization (1996)

The cellular peptidyl-prolyl isomerase cyclophilin A (CyPA) is incorporated into human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) virions via direct contacts with the HIV-1 Gag polyprotein. Disruption of the Gag-CyPA interaction leads to the production of HIV-1 particles lacking CyPA; these virions are noninfectious, indicating that contacts between CyPA and Gag are necessary for HIV-1 replication. Here, we have used the yeast two-hybrid system in conjunction with an in vitro binding assay to identify the minimal domain of Gag required for binding to CyPA. Analysis of a panel of gag deletion mutants in the two-hybrid system indicated that a region spanning the central portion of the capsid (CA) domain was sufficient for interactions with CyPA, but discrepancies between results obtained in different fusion protein contexts suggested that multimerization of Gag might also be necessary for binding to CyPA. Consistent with a requirement for multimerization, the binding of Gag to CyPA in vitro required a region within the nucleocapsid (NC) domain shown previously to be important for Gag self-association. Substitution of a heterologous dimerization motif for the region from NC also promoted specific binding to CyPA, confirming that interactions with CyPA are dependent on Gag multimerization. Fusion of the heterologous dimerization motif to a 100-amino-acid domain from CA was sufficient for binding to CyPA in vitro. These results define the minimal CyPA-binding domain within Gag and provide insight into the mechanism by which CyPA is incorporated into HIV-1 virions.
Development of a Potent Brain-Penetrant EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor against Malignant Brain Tumors (2020)

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is genetically altered in nearly 60% of glioblastoma tumors; however, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) against EGFR have failed to show efficacy for patients with these lethal brain tumors. This failure is attributed to the inability of clinically tested EGFR TKIs to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and achieve adequate pharmacological levels to inhibit various oncogenic forms of EGFR that drive glioblastoma. Through SAR analysis, we developed compound <b>5</b> (JCN037) from an anilinoquinazoline scaffold by ring fusion of the 6,7-dialkoxy groups to reduce the number of rotatable bonds and polar surface area and by introduction of an <i>ortho</i>-fluorine and <i>meta</i>-bromine on the aniline ring for improved potency and BBB penetration. Relative to the conventional EGFR TKIs erlotinib and lapatinib, JCN037 displayed potent activity against EGFR amplified/mutant patient-derived cell cultures, significant BBB penetration (2:1 brain-to-plasma ratio), and superior efficacy in an EGFR-driven orthotopic glioblastoma xenograft model.
SNR analysis of high-frequency steady-state visual evoked potentials from the foveal and extrafoveal regions of Human Retina (2012)

With brain-computer interface (BCI) applications in mind, we analyzed the amplitudes and the signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) of steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP) induced in the foveal and extra-foveal regions of human retina. Eight subjects (age 20-55) have been exposed to 2° circular and 16°-18° annular visual stimulation produced by white LED lights flickering between 5Hz and 65Hz in 5Hz increments. Their EEG signals were recorded using a 64-channel NeuroScan system and analyzed using non-parametric spectral and canonical convolution techniques. Subjects' perception of flickering and their levels of comfort towards the visual stimulation were also noted. Almost all subjects showed distinctively higher SNR in their foveal SSVEP responses between 25Hz and 45Hz. They also noticed less flickering and felt more comfortable with the visual stimulation between 30Hz and 45Hz. These empirical evidences suggest that lights flashing above the critical flicker fusion rates (CFF) of human vision may be used as effective and comfortable stimuli in SSVEP BCI applications.
A Self-Assembled Ionophore with Remarkable Cs<sup>+</sup> Selectivity (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTA Self-Assembled Ionophore with Remarkable Cs+ SelectivityJeffery T. Davis, Sampath K. Tirumala, and Allison L. MarlowView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Maryland at College Park College Park, Maryland 20742 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 22, 5271–5272Publication Date (Web):June 4, 1997Publication History Received27 January 1997Published online4 June 1997Published inissue 1 June 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja970248xhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja970248xrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views421Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Extraction,Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,Potassium,Selectivity Get e-Alerts
Differential elastic actuator for robotic interaction tasks (2008)

For complex robotic tasks (e.g., manipulation, locomotion), the lack of knowledge of precise interaction models, the difficulties to precisely measure the task associated physical quantities (e.g., position of contact points, interaction forces) in real-time, the finite sampling time of digital control loops and the non-collocation of sensors and transducers have negative effects on performance and stability of robots when using simple force or simple movement controllers. To cope with these issues, a new compact design for high performance actuators specifically adapted for integration in robotic mechanisms is presented. This design makes use of a mechanical differential as its central element. Results shown that differential coupling between an intrinsically high impedance transducer and an intrinsically low impedance mechanical spring provides the same benefits as serial coupling, but in a more compact and simple design. This new actuator, named Differential Elastic Actuator (DEA), provides interesting design implementations, especially for rotational actuators used for mobile robot locomotion.