gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
No-insulation multi-width winding technique for high temperature superconducting magnet (2013)

We present a <i>No-Insulation <i>(</i>NI<i>)</i> Multi-Width <i>(</i>MW</i>) winding technique for an HTS (high temperature superconductor) magnet consisting of double-pancake (DP) coils. The NI enables an HTS magnet self-protecting and the MW minimizes the detrimental anisotropy in current-carrying capacity of HTS tape by assigning tapes of multiple widths to DP coils within a stack, widest tape to the top and bottom sections and the narrowest in the midplane section. This paper presents fabrication and test results of an NI-MW HTS magnet and demonstrates the unique features of the NI-MW technique: self-protecting and enhanced field performance, unattainable with the conventional technique.
A new effect in second harmonic generation by poled nematic films (1990)

Poled nematic films, where the asymmetric axis responsible for second harmonic generation (SHG) is not in the poling direction are reported. Liquid crystalline polymers containing dopant chromophores, or side chain groups with high molecular hyperpolarizabilies exhibit this effect which has potential applications in nonlinear optics.
Cloning of the chicken <i>α</i>3(IX) collagen chain completes the primary structure of type IX collagen (1992)

Type IX collagen is composed of three genetically distinct polypeptides that contain several collagenous and non-collagenous domains. The alpha 2(IX) chain also contains a covalently bound glycosaminoglycan side chain. Type IX collagen is located on the surface of collagen fibrils of both hyaline cartilage and vitreous humor, such that one of the collagenous domains (COL3) projects from the surface of the fibril in a periodic manner. We have cloned and sequenced a full-length cDNA for the chicken alpha 3(IX) collagen chain from a cartilage cDNA library. Together with the sequence of the alpha 1(IX) and alpha 2(IX) chains, this completes the primary structure of type IX collagen for one species. These sequences will be useful to better understand the mechanism of triple-helix formation in type IX collagen and the nature of type II and type IX collagen interactions in fibril formation.
Dual frequency ultrasound- A pulse-echo technique for analysis of layered material (2008)

Ultrasound (US) thickness gauges typically analyse layered materials by utilizing ultrasound reflections between different layers and prior knowledge for the material order within the layered structure. In this study, a dual frequency ultrasound (DFUS) technique is applied to eliminate the effect of overlying layered structure on the measurements of the object of interest without prior knowledge of the order of materials within the multilayered structure. DFUS technique utilizes prior knowledge on US attenuation coefficient and speed at two frequencies in multilayered materials, consisting of two different material types. Then, US reflection from the front (first) and the back (last) surfaces of the multilayered structure is measured using two different US frequencies. No reflections from the internal interfaces are needed. The technique was validated using several elastomer samples and their combinations, measured at 2.25 MHz and 5.0 MHz. DFUS reduced the mean error, induced by the overlying elastomers, in reflection from the object of interest from 103.6 - 289.4% to -15.9 - 5.6% and from 37.5 - 77.5% to -12.0 - 4.9% with 5.0 MHz and 2.25 MHz, respectively. Based on these results, DFUS is a straightforward technique to analyse the multilayered structure without the need for echoes from internal interfaces.
Signal power transients in optically amplified WDM ring networks (2002)

Summary form only given. In multiwavelength optical networks with wavelength add/drop (WAD), closed loops may be formed, which, with the erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) used to compensate the losses of network elements and fiber spans, can constitute ring laser cavities. Laser oscillations in the ring cavity, occurring if the round trip gain exceeds the loop loss, are expected to introduce additional noise and steal power from signal channels. Recently we reported that in such networks channels in service could suffer significant power penalties due to the ring laser oscillations. We believe we report the first experimental investigation of the time dependence of signal channel power in the event of channel loss due to link failure or network reconfiguration.
GeneCodeq: quality score compression and improved genotyping using a Bayesian framework (2016)

GeneCodeq is available at: github.com/genecodeq/eval CONTACT: dan@petagene.comSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Sequence Hopping Algorithm for Securing IEC 61850 GOOSE Messages (2022)

In this paper, a sequence hopping algorithm is proposed for authenticating IEC 61850 Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) messages for event-driven communications in substation automation systems. The main feature of the proposed algorithm is that it is a lightweight authentication scheme and does not violate the 3 ms end-to-end time delay imposed on GOOSE messages. This significantly improves the security of control and protection systems in modern smart grids, where intelligent schemes can be applied. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, in terms of total end-to-end delay, is evaluated through experimental results obtained from a hardware test setup. The results demonstrate that the latency between sending and receiving a GOOSE message among participants is within its maximum time span defined by the IEC 61850 working group for communications over Ethernet.
Refrigerated high-Tc superconducting devices (1992)

The successful development of refrigerated superconducting magnets has greatly enhanced the functionality of superconducting devices. By eliminating the need for liquid cryognes the size, weight, and cost of superconducting devices is substantially reduced. For example, coils wound with Nb3Sn conductor can be operated at approximately 10 K by using a two‐stage Gifford‐McMahon closed‐cycle refrigerator. As reported herein, prototype refrigerated magnets using Nb3Sn have been successfully fabricated and tested. As high‐Tc superconductors become available in longer lengths and with higher current densities, the refrigerated magnet technology can be efficiently utilized to operate high‐Tc devices above 10K. Three enabling technologies are critical to success of high‐Tc refrigerated superconducting devices: high‐Tc materials development, reliable cryogenic refrigeration, and high‐Tc coil design methodology. An overview of these enabling technologies is presented in this paper, with a discussion of the future developments required to ensure the viability of refrigerated high‐Tc devices.
XRCE: Hybrid Classification for Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis (2014)

In this paper, we present the system we have developed for the SemEval-2014 Task 4 dedicated to Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis. The system is based on a robust parser that provides information to feed different classifiers with linguistic features dedicated to aspect categories and aspect categories polarity classification. We mainly present the work which has been done on the restaurant domain 1 for the four subtasks, aspect term and category detection and aspect term and category polarity.
Calibration Method for Elemental Quantification (2000)

Abstract Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (EDS) is generally calibrated for quantification using elemental standards. This can introduce errors when quantifying non-elemental samples and does not provide an accurate detection limit. In addition, variations between analysis tools can lead to values that differ considerably, especially for trace elements. By creating a standard with an exact trace composition, many of the errors inherent in EDS quantification measurements can be eliminated. The standards are created by high dose ion implantation. For ions implanted into silicon, a dose of 1E16 cm-2 results in a peak concentration of approximately 1E21 cm-3 or 2% atomic. The exact concentration can be determined using other methods, such as Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) or Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS). For this study, SIMS analyses were made using a CAMECA IMS-6f magnetic sector. Measurement protocols were used that were developed for high concentration measurements, such as B and P in borophosphosilicate glass (BPSG).
Mew nonlinear optical crystal LiB3O5 (1989)

As another new high quality nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal of the borate series, lithium triborate LBO has been characterized in our Fujian Institute. This follows theoretical calculations of the second harmonic generation (SHG) coefficients on the basis of the anionic group theory (which has been generalized into a general NLO active group theory) with the GNDO approximation. This leads to localized wave functions for the component active anionic group (B3O7)5− and the resultant anionic group (B3O5)−.
Design and experimental validation of a linear robust controller for an active suspension of a quarter car (2004)

This work presents the design and experimental validation of a robust linear controller for an active suspension mounted in a quarter car test-rig. The presented method is based on linear techniques well supported by CACSD-software tools, yielding a fast control design approach, applicable to almost any active suspension system. Linear black box models are identified using frequency domain identification techniques while robust linear control design techniques account for the model uncertainties introduced by the linear model approximation of the nonlinear dynamics. Although this linear approach introduces some conservatism, it is shown that the desired performance is achieved in simulation as well as on the experimental test-rig.
Oxidative coupling of porphyrins using copper(ii) salts (2011)

A method for radical coupling of porphyrins using copper(II) salts as one-electron oxidants was developed. A Zn(II)-porphyrin bearing an aminophenyl group yielded porphyrin oligomers, and two tri-arylporphyrins were oxidized to form doubly and triply linked dimers. Bromination of doubly linked dimers gave macrocycles with twisted skeletons.
ChemInform Abstract: A SYNTHESIS OF 3′,4′‐DIDEOXYKANAMYCIN B (1977)

Abstract Ausgehend von Kanamycin B‐penta‐p‐toluolsulfonat (I) werden die 4",6"‐O‐geschützten Derivate (IIa) und (IIb) dargestellt, von denen (IIa) durch N‐Benzyloxycarbonylierung, 3′,4′,2"‐Tri‐O‐benz.ylsulfonylierung und anschließende Einführung der 3′,4′‐Döppelbindung in das ungesättigte Pro16? dukt (III) übergeführt wird.
Abstract 3646: Characterization of the novel antibody drug conjugate MEN1309 and its target antigen Ly75 (2017)

Abstract Ly75 (CD205, DEC-205) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein and a C-type lectin receptor involved in antigen uptake and processing, mainly expressed by antigen presenting cells (APC). The short cytoplasmic tail contains motifs for amino acid-based endocytosis, making this receptor an ideal target antigen for an antibody drug conjugate (ADC)-based antitumoral therapy. MEN1309 is a novel fully humanized ADC which binds to Ly75 with high affinity as shown by ELISA and FACS analysis. The antibody is conjugated to a maytansinoid DM4, a potent tubulin inhibitor, through a cleavable linker.The ability of Ly75 to internalize the antibody after binding was determined using an immunoflourescence assay that showed a rapid, efficient, and near complete internalization over a one hour time course.The expression of Ly75 mRNA and protein was investigated in human cancer cell lines derived from different histotypes and revealed high expression in pancreas, bladder, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Indeed, MEN1309 shows a powerful (pM range) in vitro cytotoxic activity on different cancer cell lines expressing Ly75, whereas it exerts a weaker effect on antigen-negative cells. Besides the mechanism of action (MoA) of MEN1309 as an ADC, the putative efficacy of the antibody to drive an ADCC response was investigated through in vitro binding and functional assays. In spite of a high binding affinity of MEN1309 to FcγRIIIa, no ADCC response was observed, suggesting that the high internalization rate of the antigen could hamper the triggering of NK responses.Moreover, in order to characterize the functional role of Ly75 in cancer cell lines, its expression was downregulated by siRNA demonstrating an inhibition of the proliferation rate in cells from different histotypes.Finally, we investigated if some cancer cell lines could show a higher expression of two intergenically spliced forms derived from Ly75 and DCL-1 genes recently reported in literature. We found that the intergenically spliced forms were expressed on average 30 fold less than CD205 mRNA in all the cancer cell lines analyzed, suggesting that these variants derive just from an intergenic readthrough without a specific transcriptional regulation. Citation Format: Alessandro Bressan, Alessio Fiascarelli, Giuseppe Merlino, Corrado Carrisi, Daniela Bellarosa, Rachel Dusek, Rahel Awdew, Sudha Swaminathan, Arnima Bisht, To Uyen T. Do, San Lin Lou, Dee Aud, Jonathan Terrett, Keith Wilson, Christian Rohlff, Monica Binaschi. Characterization of the novel antibody drug conjugate MEN1309 and its target antigen Ly75 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3646. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-3646
Automating algorithms for the identification of fault-prone files (2007)

This research investigates ways of predicting which files would be most likely to contain large numbers of faults in the next release of a large industrial software system. Previous work involved making predictions using several different models ranging from a simple, fully-automatable model (the LOC model) to several different variants of a negative binomial regression model that were customized for the particular software system under study. Not surprisingly, the custom models invariably predicted faults more accurately than the simple model. However, development of customized models requires substantial time and analytic effort, as well as statistical expertise. We now introduce new, more sophisticated models that yield more accurate predictions than the earlier LOC model, but which nonetheless can be fully automated. We also extend our earlier research by presenting another large-scale empirical study of the value of these prediction models, using a new industrial software system over a nine year period.
Optimized weighting for Fourier rebinning of three-dimensional time-of-Flight PET data to non-time-of-flight (2009)

Time-of-flight (TOF) PET scanners provide the potential for significantly improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and lesion detectability in clinical PET. Therefore, it is likely that TOF will become the standard for clinical whole body PET in the near future. However, fully 3D TOF PET image reconstruction is a challenging task due to the huge data size. One solution to this problem is to rebin TOF data into a lower dimensional format. We have recently developed Fourier rebinning methods for mapping TOF data into non-TOF formats and achieved substantial SNR advantages over sinograms acquired without TOF information. However, such mappings for rebinning into non-TOF formats are not unique and optimization of rebinning methods has not been widely investigated. In this paper we address the question of optimal rebinning in order to make full use of TOF information and consequently to maximize image quality. We focus on FORET-3D, which rebins 3D TOF data into 3D non-TOF sinogram formats without requiring a Fourier transform in the axial direction. We optimize the weighting for FORET-3D using a uniformly minimum variance unbiased (UMVU) estimator under reasonable approximations. We show that the rebinned data with optimal weights are a sufficient statistic for the unknown image, implying that any information loss due to rebinning is as a result only of the approximations used in developing the optimal weighting. We demonstrate using simulated and real phantom TOF data that the optimal rebinning method achieves significant variance reduction and better contrast recovery compared to other rebinning weightings.
A Uniquified Virtualization Approach to Hardware Security (2017)

Virtualization has well-known security advantages for operating systems and software, but current techniques do not address increasingly important hardware-security concerns. For widely deployed systems (e.g., Internet of Things) and safety-critical systems (e.g., defense and automobiles), protecting against device tampering is critical, but is often unavoidable due to the relative ease of side-channel attacks. In this letter, we present a novel usage of virtualization that limits damage from bitstream tampering to a single instance of a deployed system by employing unique virtual architectures (i.e., overlays) on field-programmable gate arrays.
Artificial Intelligence Software for Assessing Postural Stability (2013)

A software package reads and analyzes pressure distributions from sensors mounted under a person's feet. Pressure data from sensors mounted in shoes, or in a platform, can be used to provide a description of postural stability (assessing competence to deficiency) and enables the determination of the person's present activity (running, walking, squatting, falling). This package has three parts: a preprocessing algorithm for reading input from pressure sensors; a Hidden Markov Model (HMM), which is used to determine the person's present activity and level of sensing-motor competence; and a suite of graphical algorithms, which allows visual representation of the person's activity and vestibular function over time.
Chimeric avidin shows stability against harsh chemical conditions—biochemical analysis and 3D structure (2010)

Avidin and its bacterial analog streptavidin have been widely used in applications in life sciences. Recently, we described a highly thermostable engineered avidin, called chimeric avidin, which is a hybrid of avidin and avidin-related protein 4. Here, we report a protocol for pilot-scale production in E. coli and the X-ray structure of chimeric avidin. The ligand-binding properties of chimeric avidin were explored with isothermal titration calorimetry. We found chimeric avidin to be more stable against various harsh organic solvents at elevated temperatures compared to avidin and streptavidin. The properties of chimeric avidin make it a potential tool for new applications in biotechnology.
Fiber optic sensor technology for air conformal ice detection (2004)

Ice accretion on flying surfaces affects the aerodynamic performance and handling qualities of aircraft, and may require different pilot corrective action, dependent upon the surface that ice is accreting onto. The current methodology for ice detection usually relies on an indirect method, normally based on ambient air temperature, and liquid water content. When a pre-set threshold level is reached, the ice protection system is activated, whether or not ice is accreting on critical surfaces. This method is not cost effective or efficient for an ice protection system. Air Conformal Ice Detection System (ACIDS) obviates these problems by using a 'direct’ method of detection and measurement the presence and thickness of ice. This paper outlines some of the preliminary experimental work done on the optical properties of ice grown in an icing tunnel on the leading edge of an aerofoil leading to the development of a Fibre Optic Direct Ice Detector sensor (DID) with emphasis. The result of this studies have shown that with suitable processing it is possible to use fibre optic sensors to determine the thickness of ice and texture of the ice accreted in the vicinity of the sensor. In the latter part of this paper basic fibre optic architecture is discussed and together with some preliminary results for representative icing runs.
Homogeneous Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Formic Acid: Progress Towards a Hydrogen-Based Economy (2014)

One of the limiting factors to a hydrogen-based economy is associated with the problems storing hydrogen. Many different approaches are under evaluation and the optimum approach will not be the same for all applications, i.e., static, mobile, small and large scale needs, etc. In this article we focus on formic acid as a promising molecule for hydrogen storage that, under certain catalytic conditions, can be dehydrogenated to give highly pure hydrogen and carbon dioxide with only extremely low levels of carbon monoxide gas produced. We describe the various homogeneous catalysts available that usually operate in aqueous formic acid solutions. We also briefly describe the reverse reaction that would contribute to making the use of formic acid in hydrogen storage even more attractive.
Adipogenic Human Adenovirus Ad-36 Induces Commitment, Differentiation, and Lipid Accumulation in Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (2008)

Human adenovirus Ad-36 is causatively and correlatively linked with animal and human obesity, respectively. Ad-36 enhances differentiation of rodent preadipocytes, but its effect on adipogenesis in humans is unknown. To indirectly assess the role of Ad-36-induced adipogenesis in human obesity, the effect of the virus on commitment, differentiation, and lipid accumulation was investigated in vitro in primary human adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (hASC). Ad-36 infected hASC in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Even in the presence of osteogenic media, Ad-36-infected hASC showed significantly greater lipid accumulation, suggestive of their commitment to the adipocyte lineage. Even in the absence of adipogenic inducers, Ad-36 significantly increased hASC differentiation, as indicated by a time-dependent expression of genes within the adipogenic cascade-CCAAT/Enhancer binding protein-beta, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, and fatty acid-binding protein-and consequentially increased lipid accumulation in a time- and viral dose-dependent manner. Induction of hASC to the adipocyte state by Ad-36 was further supported by increased expression of lipoprotein lipase and the accumulation of its extracellular fraction. hASC from subjects harboring Ad-36 DNA in their adipose tissue due to natural infection had significantly greater ability to differentiate compared with Ad-36 DNA-negative counterparts, which offers a proof of concept. Thus, Ad-36 has the potential to induce adipogenesis in hASC, which may contribute to adiposity induced by the virus.
A digitally controlled transient suppression method for integrated DC-DC converters (2008)

In this paper a transient suppression method applicable to integrated DC-DC converter is introduced. This method is designed for point-of-load applications where load current frequently varies. An auxiliary buck stage is added to a traditional buck stage that turns on only during transient to assist sinking or injecting load current. This helps swiftly to restore the output voltage to steady state and reduce transient variation. Simulation shows that for a 3W, 12V to 1V buck converter, this method effectively suppress the overshoot to be less than 3% when subjected to a 3A to 0A transient. This represents a 30% reduction in output voltage variations during transient comparing to control methods that only focus on fast recovery.