gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of the Anionic Conductor System La<sub>2</sub>Mo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>9</sub><sub>-</sub><sub>0.5</sub><i><sub>x</sub></i>F<i><sub>x</sub></i> (<i>x</i> = 0.02−0.30) (2002)

Fluorine-doped lanthanum molybdates with the nominal formula La2Mo2O9-0.5xFx (x = 0.20−0.30) were synthesized and characterized using powder X-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, differential thermal analysis, and impedance spectroscopy. Comparisons are made with the parent anionic conductor system La2Mo2O9. From our studies two distinct regimes with two different ranges of “x” values (range 1: including 0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.12; range 2: including 0.18 ≤ x ≤ 0.30) could be delineated for the La2Mo2O9-0.5xFx compositions. Electron diffraction study on selected samples showed that x = 0.20 and 0.30 compositions (range 2) have a 3 × 3 × 3 supercell, different from the 2 × 3 × 4 supercell observed in the x = 0.00 and 0.10 compositions (range 1). All the fluorine-doped lanthanum molybdates show a first-order phase transition. With the increase in the fluorine content the transition temperature decreases in both ranges 1 and 2. Below the transition temperature, compositions belonging to range 2 have much lower conductivity when compared to that of those belonging to range 1. The activation energy as obtained from the conductivity data is higher for the fluorine-doped lanthanum molybdates compared to the parent compound La2Mo2O9. Above the transition temperature the conductivity of the fluorine-doped lanthanum molybdate is higher than that of La2Mo2O9. Significantly our study presents the possibility of using fluorine substitution as a technique to increase the anionic conductivity in oxide ion conductors with favorable structural features (like in the case of La2Mo2O9) by decreasing the transition temperature of the first-order (order−disorder type) phase transition.
Primary Induction of Human CD8<sup>+</sup>Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes and Interferon‐γ–Producing T Cells after Smallpox Vaccination (2002)

This study measured the ability of a standard smallpox vaccine, given by scarification (by bifurcated needle), to induce primary human vaccinia virus-specific cytotoxic and interferon (IFN)-gamma-producing T lymphocyte responses. Because protection against smallpox may be mediated in part by T cell memory responses induced by vaccination, an analysis of the induction of primary human cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and IFN-gamma-producing T cell responses was performed. Although smallpox is no longer an epidemic threat under natural conditions, vaccination is still recommended for persons working with vaccinia viruses in the laboratory and for those who may be at risk from the potential use of smallpox virus as a bioterrorism agent. The results demonstrate that smallpox vaccine given by bifurcated needle induces strong vaccinia virus-specific CD8(+) CTL and IFN-gamma-producing T cell responses and provide baseline information useful for planning the immunologic assessment of future smallpox vaccines.
Active and Passive Immunization Protects against Lethal, Extreme Drug Resistant-Acinetobacter baumannii Infection (2012)

Extreme-drug-resistant (XDR) Acinetobacter baumannii is a rapidly emerging pathogen causing infections with unacceptably high mortality rates due to inadequate available treatment. New methods to prevent and treat such infections are a critical unmet medical need. To conduct a rational vaccine discovery program, OmpA was identified as the primary target of humoral immune response after intravenous infection by A. baumannii in mice. OmpA was >99% conserved at the amino acid level across clinical isolates harvested between 1951 and 2009 from cerebrospinal fluid, blood, lung, and wound infections, including carbapenem-resistant isolates, and was ≥89% conserved among other sequenced strains, but had minimal homology to the human proteome. Vaccination of diabetic mice with recombinant OmpA (rOmpA) with aluminum hydroxide adjuvant markedly improved survival and reduced tissue bacterial burden in mice infected intravenously. Vaccination induced high titers of anti-OmpA antibodies, the levels of which correlated with survival in mice. Passive transfer with immune sera recapitulated protection. Immune sera did not enhance complement-mediated killing but did enhance opsonophagocytic killing of A. baumannii. These results define active and passive immunization strategies to prevent and treat highly lethal, XDR A. baumannii infections.
Phage-Based Applications in Synthetic Biology (2018)

Bacteriophage research has been instrumental to advancing many fields of biology, such as genetics, molecular biology, and synthetic biology. Many phage-derived technologies have been adapted for building gene circuits to program biological systems. Phages also exhibit significant medical potential as antibacterial agents and bacterial diagnostics due to their extreme specificity for their host, and our growing ability to engineer them further enhances this potential. Phages have also been used as scaffolds for genetically programmable biomaterials that have highly tunable properties. Furthermore, phages are central to powerful directed evolution platforms, which are being leveraged to enhance existing biological functions and even produce new ones. In this review, we discuss recent examples of how phage research is influencing these next-generation biotechnologies.
Estimating blood pressure using Windkessel model on photoplethysmogram (2014)

Simple and non-invasive methods to estimate vital signs are very important for preventive healthcare. In this paper, we present a methodology to estimate Blood Pressure (BP) using Photoplethysmography (PPG). Instead of directly relating systolic and diastolic BP values with PPG features, our proposed methodology initially maps PPG features with some person specific intermediate latent parameters and later derives BP values from them. The 2-Element Windkessel model has been considered in the current context to estimate total peripheral resistance and arterial compliance of a person using PPG features, followed by linear regression for simulating arterial blood pressure. Experimental results, performed on a standard hospital dataset yielded absolute errors of 0.78±13.1 mmHg and 0.59 ± 10.23 mmHg for systolic and diastolic BP values respectively. Results also indicate that the methodology is more robust than the standard methodologies that directly estimate BP values from PPG signal.
Operating system scheduling for chip multithreaded processors (2006)

This dissertation addresses operating system thread scheduling for chip multithreaded processors. Chip multithreaded processors are becoming mainstream thanks to their superior performance and power characteristics. Threads running concurrently on a chip multithreaded processor share the processor's resources. Resource contention, and accordingly performance, depends on characteristics of the co-scheduled threads. The operating system controls thread co-scheduling, and thus affects performance of a chip multithreaded system. 
This dissertation describes the design and implementation of three new scheduling algorithms for chip multithreaded processors: the non-work-conserving algorithm, the target-miss-rate algorithm, and the cache-fair algorithm. These algorithms target contention for the second-level cache, a recognized performance-critical resource, and pursue several objectives: performance optimization, fairness, and performance predictability. These algorithms use novel analytical performance models and online performance monitoring, and do not require input from applications or changes to existing hardware structures. This dissertation describes the implementation of these algorithms in a commercial operating system and evaluates their effectiveness.
Uses of micropower radars for speech coding and applications (1996)

It has recently become possible to measure the positions and motions of the human speech organs, as speech is being articulated, by using micropower radars in a noninvasive manner. Using these instruments the vocalized excitation function of human speech is measured and thereby the transfer function of each constant vocalized speech unit is obtained by deconvolving the output acoustic pressure from the input excitation function. In addition, the positions of the tongue, lips, jaw, velum, and glottal tissues are measured for each speech unit. Using these data, very descriptive feature vectors for each acoustic speech unit were able to be formed. It is believed that these new data, in conjunction with presently obtained acoustic data, will lead to more efficient speech coding, recognition, synthesis, telephony, and prosthesis.
Electrochemical Etching of Silicon in Nonaqueous Electrolytes Containing Hydrogen Fluoride or Fluoroborate (1999)

The electrochemical behavior and surface chemistry of anodic silicon etching in nonaqueous electrolytes was studied. Etching of single‐crystal p‐type and n‐type (100) silicon was carried out in acetonitrile and propylene carbonate with hydrofluoric acid (HF) or tetrafluoroborate providing fluoride to complex the oxidized silicon. Electrolytes containing HF resulted in tetravalent dissolution, and photocurrent quadrupling was observed. Electrolytes containing also resulted in tetravalent dissolution; however, calculated quantum efficiencies were lower depending upon the electrolyte. Current‐voltage behavior indicates the presence of surface states which affect both the onset potential for oxidation and the current multiplication. In situ multiple internal reflection Fourier transform infrared analysis confirms that silicon surfaces etched in electrolytes containing HF remain hydride‐terminated throughout etching; however, silicon etched in based electrolytes loses the initial hydride termination at the onset of etching. © 1999 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Mass-based readout for agglutination assays (2007)

We present a mass-based readout for agglutination assays. The suspended microchannel resonator (SMR) is used to classify monomers and dimers that are formed during early stage aggregation, and to relate the total count to the analyte concentration. Using a model system of streptavidin functionalized microspheres and biotinylated antibody as the analyte, we obtain a dose-response curve over a concentration range of 0.63–630nM and show that the results are comparable to what has been previously achieved by image analysis and conventional flow cytometry.
Computer Simulation of the Performance of Digital-Displacement Pump-Motors (1996)

Abstract The digital-displacement pump-motor is a hybrid device, which combines reciprocating hydraulics with micro-processor control, creating a highly integrated machine capable of producing variable flow and power. It is based on the conventional hydraulic piston pump but with actively controlled poppet valves for each cylinder. This allows enabling or disabling on a stroke-by-stroke basis in any desired sequence. Time-domain modelling of the pump-motor system predicts the performance under variable-demand, variable-speed as well as different control-modes. The advantages of this approach over conventional variable-swash hydraulic machines lie with both the response speed and the inherent energy efficiency.
Abstract P4-01-14: The RXR agonist, IRX4204, increases the anti-tumor activity of HER2-targeted therapies in HER2-amplified breast cancer (2022)

Abstract Background: HER2 targeted monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are effective treatments for HER2-amplified primary tumors. However, the challenge persists that primary and acquired resistance to anti-HER2 therapy is common, and that anti-HER2 targeted therapies fail to achieve a cure in the metastatic setting. There is a critical need for safe and effective therapies that can overcome anti-HER2 drug resistance and eliminate breast cancer metastases. Here, we present data demonstrating the activity of IRX4204, a highly specific agonist of the nuclear retinoid X receptor (RXR), to inhibit the growth of HER2-amplified breast cancer cell lines alone and in combination with current anti-HER2 therapies. Methods: In vitro cell growth assays were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of IRX4204 alone and in combination with trastuzumab, tucatinib, neratinib or T-DM1, using a panel of breast cancer cell lines expressing various levels of HER2. A calculated coefficient of drug interaction (CDI) and isobologram analysis was used to assess the additive, synergistic or antagonistic effects of IRX4204 with each anti-HER2 targeted therapy. Results: IRX4204 treatment alone inhibited the growth of HER2-overexpressing cell lines, SkBr3, AU565, HCC1419 and ZR75-1 in vitro, but not the growth of HER2-normal cell lines MCF7, MDA-MB-231, or HCC1143. When combined with trastuzumab, tucatinib, neratinib or T-DM1, additive or synergistic effects were observed in all of the drug-sensitive cell lines. Moreover, IRX4204 in combination with neratinib or tucatinib inhibited the growth of a TKI-resistant breast cancer cell line (HCC1954). Conclusion: These data demonstrate a novel use of an RXR agonist, IRX4204, to inhibit the growth of HER2-amplified breast cancer cell lines and to enhance the activity of anti-HER2 therapy in vitro. These results also demonstrate that IRX4204 can overcome anti-HER2 resistance to inhibit the growth of HER2-positive cells. These data demonstrate that IRX4204 can enhance the anti-cancer activity of anti-HER2 therapies even in TKI-resistant cells. In vivo experiments and mechanistic studies are ongoing. Citation Format: Cassandra L Moyer, Abhijit Mazumdar, Jamal Hill, Martin E Sanders, Powel Brown. The RXR agonist, IRX4204, increases the anti-tumor activity of HER2-targeted therapies in HER2-amplified breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-01-14.
Low-Latency 2d non-line-of-sight positioning using single-anchor magnetoquasistatic systems (2017)

Recent progress in magnetoquasistatic (MQS) positioning theory and techniques have resulted in short to long range two-dimensional (2D) positioning using a single-anchor device - a single fixed base-station device that enables 2D positioning of a mobile device, not relying on tri-angulation/lateration. These recent works demonstrate the ability to determine the position of a mobile device in 2D space over ranges of up to many ten's of meters and in non-line-of-sight environment, due to use of MQS fields. One additional advantage of the recent theory and technique is that the solutions for range, azimuthal-direction, and orientation of the device are decoupled and can be solved in a low-latency environment. In this article, we demonstrate a low-latency solution for MQS positioning in a large 2D space.
Molecular epidemiology of breast cancer in Puerto Rico (2007)

1729 Breast cancer (BC) represented 32% of the cancer cases diagnosed in Puerto Rican women in the year 2000. The DNA repair capacity (DRC) of the body is a critical system aimed at protecting the integrity and stability of the genome. Individual susceptibility to cancer may result from several factors including differences in DNA repair. A large scale case-control population study has been recently been undertaken to test the hypothesis that a low DNA repair capacity (DRC) is a risk factor for BC. The focus of this study is to examine the relationship between DNA repair, changes in the expression of DNA repair genes, and key pathological and epidemiological characteristics in terms of how these factors influence the risk of breast carcinoma in Puerto Rican women. Informed consent was solicited from all participants in order to obtain blood samples and pathology data. An epidemiological questionnaire was utilized for soliciting information on BC risk factors in relation to familial, occupational, nutritional, and other variables. DRC was measured in lymphocytes utilizing a host cell reactivation assay with a luciferase reporter gene. Based on the ongoing analysis of data of 41 cases (36 analyzed) and 80 controls (47 analyzed), there is a statistically significant (p
Experimental Transplantation With Principal Islets of Teleost Fish (Brockmann Bodies): Long-Term Function of Tilapia Islet Tissue in Diabetic Nude Mice (1992)

Certain teleost fish have macroscopically visible islets called BBs that are anatomically discrete. BBs were harvested from Oreochromis nilotica (tilapia) with microscissors, divided, and cultured overnight at 37 degrees C before transplantation into STZ-induced diabetic nude mice. Each mouse received BB fragments from 3-5 fish weighing in aggregate approximately 1.7 kg. Non-FPGs were monitored 5 days/wk. Recipients remained normoglycemic (plasma glucose < 11.1 mM) for 50 days posttransplantation. Mice bearing 50-day-old grafts had essentially normal GTTs. Left nephrectomies then were performed to remove the grafts, and plasma glucose levels in recipient mice rose to > 22.2 mM. Histological examination of graft-bearing kidneys showed viable, vascularized islet tissue containing numerous well-granulated beta-cells; examination of recipient native pancreases revealed small islets composed predominantely of non-beta-cells.
Characterization of the Tautomycetin Biosynthetic Gene Cluster from <i>Streptomyces griseochromogenes</i> Provides New Insight into Dialkylmaleic Anhydride Biosynthesis (2009)

Tautomycetin (TTN) is a highly potent and specific protein phosphatase inhibitor isolated from Streptomyces griseochromogenes. The biological activity of TTN makes it an important lead for drug discovery, whereas its rare dialkylmaleic anhydride moiety and structural similarity to tautomycin (TTM), another potent phosphatase inhibitor with tremendous medicinal potential, draws attention to novel biosynthetic chemistries responsible for its production. To elucidate the biosynthetic machinery associated with TTN production, the ttn biosynthetic gene cluster from S. griseochromogenes was isolated and characterized, and its involvement in TTN biosynthesis confirmed by gene inactivation and complementation experiments. The ttn cluster was localized to a 79 kb DNA region, consisting of 19 open reading frames that encode two modular type I polyketide synthases (TtnAB), one type II thioesterase (TtnH), eight proteins for dialkylmaleic anhydride biosynthesis (TtnKLMNOPRS), four tailoring enzymes (TtnCDFI), two regulatory proteins (TtnGQ), and one resistance protein (TtnJ). A model for TTN biosynthesis is proposed on the basis of functional assignments from sequence analysis, which agrees well with previous feeding experiments, has been supported by in vivo gene inactivation experiments, and is supported by analogy to the recently reported ttm cluster. These findings set the stage to fully investigate TTN biosynthesis and to biosynthetically engineer new TTN analogues.
640×512 pixel four-band, broadband, and narrowband quantum well infrared photodetector focal plane arrays (2003)

A 9 μm cutoff 640×512 pixel hand-held quantum well IR photodetector (QWIP) camera has been demonstrated wiht excellent imagery. Based on the single pixel test data, a nose equivalent differential temperature (NETD) of 8 mK is expected at 65K operating temperature with f/2 optics at 300K background. This focal plane array has shown backgeround lmiited performance at 72K operating temperature with the same optics and background conditions. In this paper, we discuss the development of this very sensitive long wavelength IR (LWIR) camera based on a GaAs/AlGaAs QWIP focal plane array and its performance in quantum efficiency, NETD, uniformity, and operability.
Classification of cardiac rhythm based on heart rate dynamics (2014)

Cardiac rhythm classification is usually achieved using the raw electrocardiogram signal (EKG), which is not always available. By means of dynamical measures we developed a RR based classifier which is able to distinguish normal sinus rhythm (NSR), atrial fibrillation (AF) and sinus rhythm with ectopy with an accuracy of 99%, 81% and 77%, respectively, using 10-minute segments. The classifier was built on the University of Virginia (UVa) Holter database.
Low power fast and dense longest prefix match content addressable memory for IP routers (2009)

An IP router determines the next hop for an internet protocol packet by finding the longest prefix match. Ternary CAMs, which allow bit masking of the IP address, are commonly used for this fast search function. In this paper, a CAM that directly determines the longest prefix match to the stored address is described. One of these best matching (IPCAM) entries replaces on average 22 TCAM entries. Overall, the resulting IPCAM array is less than 1/10 the size of the equivalent TCAM and dissipates 93.5% less dynamic power. The design automatically produces an encoded prefix match length that is limited by the prefix mask, so entries do not need to be sorted in prefix mask length order. Simulations of extracted layouts in a bulk CMOS 65-nm foundry process show the proposed IPCAM circuits can operate above 1 GHz
Deep-UV photoresists: Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-indenone) (1981)

Copolymers of indenone and methyl methacrylate have been evaluated as deep-UV (200–300 nm) positive photoresists. Sensitivities of 0.02 and 0.1 J/cm2 at 248 and 280 nm were found for polymers containing 7% and 18% indenone, respectively. Exposure of a 3 in. resist-coated silicon wafer on a Perkin Elmer 111 Projection Printer (modified for short wavelength) for 40 s resolved equal 0.75 μm lines and spaces. The materials have chemical and physical properties compatible with microfabrication processes. The resists have approximately the same plasma resistance and e-beam sensitivity as poly(methyl methacrylate).
Enhanced Tunable Ultra-Wideband Pulse Generation Based on Variable Edge-Rate Compression (2006)

The most recurrent pulse generator design approach described in literature employs a series step recovery diode (SRD) and pulse-duration tuning subsequent to Gaussian pulse formation. Although this conventional approach is advantageous in fixed pulse-duration designs, it leads to relatively complex designs for tunable generators. This paper presents a variable edge-rate compression (VERC) approach, to tunable ultra-wideband (UWB) generator design, that entails tuning prior to Gaussian pulse formation and a shunt configuration of forward and reverse biased SRDs. Compared to the conventional approach, VERC offers performance advantages that include broader tuning range, improved tuning sensitivity, increased design simplicity and reduced cost. A comparison of the series and shunt SRD configurations reveals that input-signal slew rate has a dominant effect on pulse-duration tuning for an SRD in a shunt configuration. As slew rate may be modified using frequency, rise time or voltage, the VERC approach also offers greater design flexibility and is more advantageous for tunable UWB generator design