gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thick Growing Multilayer Nanobrick Wall Thin Films: Super Gas Barrier with Very Few Layers (2014)

Recent work with multilayer nanocoatings composed of polyelectrolytes and clay has demonstrated the ability to prepare super gas barrier layers from water that rival inorganic CVD-based films (e.g., SiOx). In an effort to reduce the number of layers required to achieve a very low oxygen transmission rate (OTR (<0.01 cc/m(2)·day·atm)) in these nanocoatings, buffered cationic chitosan (CH) and vermiculite clay (VMT) were deposited using layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly. Buffering the chitosan solution and its rinse with 50 mM Trizma base increased the thickness of these films by an order of magnitude. The OTR of a 1.6-μm-thick, six-bilayer film was 0.009 cc/m(2)·day·atm, making this the best gas barrier reported for such a small number of layers. This simple modification to the LbL process could likely be applied more universally to produce films with the desired properties much more quickly.
Functional Interactions between Sp1 or Sp3 and the Helicase-like Transcription Factor Mediate Basal Expression from the Human Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Gene (1999)

Basal expression of the human plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is mediated by a promoter element named B box that binds the helicase-like transcription factor (HLTF), homologous to SNF/SWI proteins. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays performed on a set of B box point mutants demonstrated two HLTF sites flanking and partially overlapping with a GT box binding Sp1 and Sp3. Mutations affecting either the Sp1/Sp3 or the two HLTF sites inhibited by 6- and 2.5-fold, respectively, transient expression in HeLa cells of a reporter gene fused to the PAI-1 promoter. In Sp1/Sp3-devoid insect cells, co-expression of PAI-1-lacZ with Sp1 or Sp3 led to a 14-26-fold induction while HLTF had no effect. Simultaneous presence of Sp1 or Sp3 and the short HLTF form (initiating at Met-123) provided an additional 2-3-fold synergistic activation suppressed by mutations that prevented HLTF binding. Moreover, a DNA-independent interaction between HLTFMet123 and Sp1/Sp3 was demonstrated by co-immunoprecipitation from HeLa cell extracts and glutathione S-transferase pull-down experiments. The interaction domains were mapped to the carboxyl-terminal region of each protein; deletion of the last 85 amino acids of HLTFMet123 abolished the synergy with Sp1. This is the first demonstration of a functional interaction between proteins of the Sp1 and SNF/SWI families.
Repurposing propranolol as a drug for the treatment of retinal haemangioblastomas in von Hippel-Lindau disease (2017)

The study has a clinical trial design and was registered at EU Clinical Trials Register and Spanish Clinical Studies Registry, EudraCT Number: 2014-003671-30 . Registered 2 September 2014.
Early Increase in Resistance during Electromigration in AlCu-plugged Via Structures (2000)

This paper reports on the electromigration (EM) failure mechanism in AlCu-plugged via holes. Based on an observed increase in the via chain resistance and cross-sectional analysis of the damaged vias, an early failure and a normal failure were identified during the EM tests. The early failure occurred in the Al plug at the cathode side, and was attributed to void growth in the Al plugs during EM. The normal failure occurred not in the Al plugs, but on the Al lines, and exhibited a three-stage increase in resistance. An early increase in resistance of about 5% was found in the normal failure during EM. Failure sites were observed around the terminated via using the optical-beam-induced resistance change (OBIRCH) method. At the failure sites, crystallization of CuAl 2 was observed at the anode via using transmission electron microscope (TEM). The early increase in resistance caused by CuAl 2 crystal formation at the anode was brought about by using the AlCu via plug. This resistance increase is a serious problem for the small AlCu via connected to long or wide AlCu interconnects.
Stereoselective metabolism of anti-inflammatory 2-arylpropionates. (1990)

2-Arylpropionic acids (profens) are a major group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. These compounds exist in two enantiomeric forms due to the presence of an asymmetric carbon atom alpha to the carbonyl function. In vitro tests have shown that the anti-prostaglandin synthetase activity of profens resides almost exclusively in the (+)-(S)-enantiomers, yet all profens except naproxen are marketed as racemates. The profens exhibit enantioselective pharmacokinetics, the most intriguing aspect of which is their unidirectional chiral inversion from the (-)-(R)- to the (+)-(S)-enantiomer. Since the transformation goes from the inactive to the pharmacologically active form, the (R)-enantiomer can be considered as a prodrug of its (S)-antipode. The available evidence suggests that this reaction proceeds via the formation of the acyl-CoA thioester of the 2-arylpropionates. Hutt and Caldwell have reviewed the literature describing this unusual metabolic process. The purpose of this paper is to present more recent findings from in vivo and in vitro studies and to summarize actual knowledge concerning the mechanism of the metabolic chiral inversion of profens.
Contributions to Statistical Signal Processing with Applications in Biomedical Engineering (2012)

Cette étude présente des contributions en traitement statistique du signal avec des applications biomédicales. La thèse est divisée en deux parties. La première partie traite de la détection des hotspots à l'interface des protéines. Les hotspots sont les résidus dont les contributions énergétiques sont les plus importantes dans l'interaction entre protéines. Les forêts aléatoires (Random Forests) sont utilisées pour la classification. Une nouvelle famille de descripteurs de hotspot est également introduite. Ces descripteurs sont basés seulement sur la séquence primaire unidimensionnelle d'acides aminés constituant la protéine. Aucune information sur la structure tridimensionnelle de la protéine ou le complexe n'est nécessaire. Ces descripteurs, capitalisant les caractéristiques fréquentielle des protéines, nous permettent de savoir la façon dont la séquence primaire d'une protéine peut déterminer sa structure tridimensionnelle et sa fonction. Dans la deuxième partie, le RDT (Random Distortion Testing), un test robuste d'hypothèse, est considéré. Son application en détection du signal a montré que le RDT peut résister aux imperfections du modèle d'observation. Nous avons également proposé une extension séquentielle du RDT. Cette extension s'appelle le RDT Séquentiel. Trois problèmes classiques de détection d'écart/distorsion du signal sont reformulés et résolus dans le cadre du RDT. En utilisant le RDT et le RDT Séquentiel, nous étudions la détection d'AutoPEEP (auto-Positive End Expiratory Pressure), une anomalie fréquente en ventilation mécanique. C'est la première étude de ce type dans la littérature. L'extension à la détection d'autres types d'asynchronie est également étudiée et discutée. Ces détecteurs d'AutoPEEP et d'asynchronies sont les éléments principaux de la plateforme de suivi de manière automatique et continue l'interface patient-ventilateur en ventilation mécanique.
Photogrammetric Modeling and Image-based Rendering for Rapid Virtual Environement Creation (2004)

Abstract : For realistic simulations, architecture is one of the most important elements to model and render photorealistically. Current techniques of converting architectural plans or survey data to CAD models are labor intensive, and methods for rendering such models are generally not photorealistic. In this work, we present a new approach for modeling and rendering existing architectural scenes from a sparse set of still photographs. For modeling, we use photogrammetric modeling techniques to recover the geometric representation of the architecture. The photogrammetric modeling approach presented in this paper is effective, robust and powerful because it fully exploits structural symmetries and constraints which are characteristic of architectural scenes. For rendering, we use view-dependent texturing mapping, a method for compositing multiple images of a scene to create renderings from novel views. Lastly, we present a software package, named Facade, which uses the techniques described to recover the geometry and appearance of architectural scenes directly from a sparse set of photographs.
MOCVD Deposition of Group V Doped CdTe in Sublimated CdTe and CdSeTe Devices (2018)

Increasing doping density in CdTe absorbers remains one of the most promising avenues for increasing the open-circuit voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OC</sub> ) of photovoltaic devices. This work aimed to develop methods for quickly incorporating group V as a p-type dopant using Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) precursor injection. CdTe:N was deposited by MOCVD injection during sublimation of CdTe. CdTe:As was deposited via MOVCD onto an existing sublimated CdSeTe layer to produce doped CdSeTe/CdTe devices. Nitrogen doping resulted in increased external quantum efficiency and an improved diode curve as compared to a device exposed to cadmium overpressure without the presence of MOVCD nitrogen.
Guidelines for the RF exposure assessment of metallic implants (2007)

This chapter of the EMF Dosimetry Handbook provides guidance for assessing whether persons bearing metallic implants inside their bodies should be restricted from exposure to the upper tier limits of the radiofrequency (RF) safety guidelines (1998) published by the International Commission for Non-ionising Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and the C95.1 (2005) standard of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE). The recommendations presented here are based on original research by the authors, investigations of specific implant cases by the Telstra Research Laboratories in Melbourne, Australia and various publications in the scientific literature. Wherever possible, rules of- thumb have been developed to provide simple and practical ways for assessing implants and for some external body worn metallic objects. Nonetheless, there remain some assessment scenarios that will still require detailed analysis.
Polarization estimation of individual propagation paths using the sage algorithm (2004)

This contribution describes an extension of the ISI-SACR (initialization-and-search-improved space-alternating generalized expectation maximization) algorithm originally published in [B.H. Fleury, et al., 2001] and [2002] to include polarization estimation. The proposed scheme allows for joint estimation of the relative delay, the direction (i.e. azimuth and co-elevation) of departure, the direction of incidence, the Doppler frequency and the complex polarization matrix of propagation paths between the transmitter (Tx) site and the receiver (Rx) site in mobile radio environments. This contribution presents the initialization procedure of the extended ISI-SAGR algorithm and discusses necessary and sufficient conditions regarding the responses of multiple-element Tx and Rx arrays for the system consisting of these two arrays to be able to estimate all coefficients of the polarization matrix. Experimental investigations in a line-of-sight microcellular environment illustrate the application potential of the ISI-SACR algorithm for gaining insight into the polarization states of individual paths. This information is of paramount importance for the design of stochastic and prediction models ut the radio channel for communication systems equipped with multiple Tx and Rx dual-polarized antennae.
Involvement of Protein Kinase A in the Phosphorylation of Spermatidal Protein TP2 and Its Effect on DNA Condensation (2001)

Rat spermatidal protein TP2 is rich in serine residues and has several potential sites for phosphorylation by different protein kinases. Recombinant TP2 is phosphorylated upon incubation in vitro with salt extract of testicular sonication resistant nuclei (SRN) (representing elongating and elongated spermatids). The major phosphorylation sites were localized to the C-terminal, V8 protease-derived, fragment (residues 87-114). Phosphorylation experiments with the wild type and different site-specific mutants of TP2 revealed that serine 109 and threonine 101 are the phosphorylation sites. Phosphorylation of the C-terminal fragment of TP2 was also demonstrated in vivo. Phosphorylation was not stimulated by either protein kinase C activators or cGMP but was inhibited by protein kinase A inhibitor (PKI) peptide, showing the involvement of protein kinase A in the phosphorylation of TP2. Phosphorylation of TP2 greatly reduced its DNA condensation property. TP2 when complexed with DNA was not a good substrate for phosphorylation by PKA. Dephosphorylation of the DNA-TP2 complex by calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase restored the DNA condensation property to a level equivalent to that observed with TP2. The physiological significance of the phosphorylation-dephosphorylation cycle is discussed with reference to the two-domain model of TP2.
Permanent magnet fixation concepts for linear generator (2003)

Abstract- Lately, the field of linear generators for wave energy conversion has attracted large attention, [1], [2]. One encouraging way to convert wave energy into electrical through direct drive is by using a linear, synchronous, longitudinal flux permanent magnet (PM) generator where the rotor piston is driven by, for example, a point absorber. As prices decrease, it has only recently become possible to use high remanence NdFeB magnets in technical applications. This opens up for new possibilities for linear generators, as high magnetic excitation can be achieved with smaller magnets. In the present work two concepts of magnet fixation, surface mounted magnets and magnets buried between pole shoes have been studied with NdFeB and ferrite magnets. While the former alternative demands stronger magnets, which are more difficult to handle, the latter yields a somewhat heavier rotor piston. Pole shoes provides better possibilities to shape the magnetic flux curve in the periphery of the air gap, and the magnets are more protected from transients. The surface mounted concept allows for a more efficient use of the magnets, as the leakage is lower than when the pole shoe approach is used. This means that it is possible to reduce the length of the rotor with surface mounted magnets. The different configurations are compared with respect to total magnet mass, efficiency and load angle. Thorough analysis of the generators has been carried out using full physics simulations using a finite element method (FEM) of the time dependent magnetic field. Magnetic intensity distributions, time dependent currents and voltages are also among the parameters that have been studied.
Sentiment Composition of Words with Opposing Polarities (2016)

In this paper, we explore sentiment composition in phrases that have at least one positive and at least one negative word-phrases like happy accident and best winter break. We compiled a dataset of such opposing polarity phrases and manually annotated them with real-valued scores of sentiment association.
Reflectivity of silver and silver-coated substrates from 25°C to 800°C [for solar collectors] (2002)

A bench top facility was used to evaluate the reflectivity of several candidate solar thermal power system coating-substrate combinations in vacuum at elevated temperatures. Silver was selected as the reflective coating of choice, while copper, nickel, electroless nickel on copper, and 304 stainless steel were selected as substrates. Pure silver, with no coating at all, was also evaluated. An optically flat silver-coated sapphire substrate was used as a standard. All metal substrates were either metallurgically polished or diamond turned to a mirror finish prior to silver deposition. Silicon dioxide was used as a protective coating in most cases. Reflectivity measurements were made at room temperature in the visible range with a spectrophotometer, and at elevated temperatures up to 800/spl deg/C with a helium-neon laser at 632 nm. Results from the high temperature reflectivity measurements are presented.
Automatic extraction of disease-specific features from Doppler images (2017)

Flow Doppler imaging is widely used by clinicians to detect diseases of the valves. In particular, continuous wave (CW) Doppler mode scan is routinely done during echocardiography and shows Doppler signal traces over multiple heart cycles. Traditionally, echocardiographers have manually traced such velocity envelopes to extract measurements such as decay time and pressure gradient which are then matched to normal and abnormal values based on clinical guidelines. In this paper, we present a fully automatic approach to deriving these measurements for aortic stenosis retrospectively from echocardiography videos. Comparison of our method with measurements made by echocardiographers shows large agreement as well as identification of new cases missed by echocardiographers.
Effective treatment by glycolic acid peeling for cutaneous manifestation of familial generalized acanthosis nigricans caused by <i><scp>FGFR</scp>3</i> mutation (2016)

We diagnosed our cases as familial generalized AN caused by heterozygous c.1949A>C (p.K650T) mutation of FGFR3. We propose that GA peeling is a useful and safe therapeutic option to treat familial AN.
Heteroepitaxy of GaP Nucleation Layers on Si by Molecular Beam Epitaxy (2018)

The growth of single crystalline GaP nucleation and buffer layers on Si substrates by molecular-beam epitaxy is demonstrated. The use of two different regimes of migration-enhanced epitaxy was studied. It was found that p–n junctions can be created due to the interdiffusion during the growth of GaP layer on p-type Si substrate.
Synthesis of carbamates from carbon dioxide promoted by organostannanes and alkoxysilanes (2017)

A cooperative methoxy transfer between orthosilicate esters and organotin oxides was developed for the synthesis of various N ‐alkyl and N ‐aryl carbamates from carbon dioxide in up to 97% isolated yield. The reaction is highly selective and N ‐alkylated amines are not observed. Density functional theory calculations of the reaction were performed and, together with NMR observations, a plausible mechanism featuring the catalytic regeneration of dialkyltin dialkoxide is proposed.
A Framework for an Organization's Transition to Globalization - Investigation of IT Issues (2003)

This chapter explores information technology (IT) issues in regard to an organization’s transition towards globalization. The challenges of IT dealing with transforming enterprises to globalized organizations require the identification, consolidation, and resolution of issues to support the organizations towards globalization. The chapter begins with identifying and classifying four major IT transition issues: global IT infrastructure, global business applications, global telecommunication network, and data/information systems improvement. It is then followed by detailed discussion of each issue with regards to its importance and relevance in global transformation. The chapter concludes by indicating a future research direction to incorporate organizational scopes (inter-organizational and intra-organizational) in the global IT transition framework.
O<sub>2</sub>‐sensitive MRI distinguishes brain tumor versus radiation necrosis in murine models (2016)

Purpose The goal of this study was to quantify the relationship between the 1 H longitudinal relaxation rate constant, R 1 , and oxygen (O 2 ) concentration (relaxivity, r 1 ) in tissue and to quantify O 2 ‐driven changes in R 1 (ΔR 1 ) during a breathing gas challenge in normal brain, radiation‐induced lesions, and tumor lesions. Methods R 1 data were collected in control‐state mice (n = 4) during three different breathing gas (and thus tissue O 2 ) conditions. In parallel experiments, pO 2 was measured in the thalamus of control‐state mice (n = 4) under the same breathing gas conditions using an O 2 ‐sensitive microprobe. The relaxivity of tissue O 2 was calculated using the R 1 and pO 2 data. R 1 data were collected in control‐state (n = 4) mice, a glioma model (n = 7), and a radiation necrosis model (n = 6) during two breathing gas (thus tissue O 2 ) conditions. R 1 and ΔR 1 were calculated for each cohort. Results O 2 r 1 in the brain was 9 × 10 −4 ± 3 × 10 −4 mm Hg −1 · s −1 at 4.7T. R 1 and ΔR 1 measurements distinguished radiation necrosis from tumor (P< 0.03 and P< 0.01, respectively). Conclusion The relaxivity of O 2 in the brain is determined. R 1 and ΔR 1 measurements differentiate tumor lesions from radiation necrosis lesions in the mouse models. These pathologies are difficult to distinguish by traditional imaging techniques; O 2 ‐driven changes in R 1 holds promise in this regard. Magn Reson Med 75:1–2, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Factors Affecting the Behavior and Effectiveness of Phospholipid Bilayer Coatings for Capillary Electrophoretic Separations of Basic Proteins (2008)

Phospholipid bilayer coatings can prevent adsorption of cationic proteins on the surface of fused silica capillaries used in capillary electrophoresis. However, the performance of such bilayer coatings is strongly dependent on solution conditions. The factors affecting the rate of formation of phospholipid bilayer coatings were investigated using the double-chained zwitterionic 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-phosphocholine (DMPC, C(14)) as a model phospholipid. The effectiveness of these coatings for CE separations of model cationic lysozyme, cytochrome c, ribonuclease A, and alpha-chymotrypsinogen A was also assessed. Increasing the ionic strength of a 0.1 mM DMPC solution reduced capillary coat times from >2 hours in 2.5 mM Tris (pH 7.4) buffer to 3.4 min in 40 mM Tris and dramatically improved separation performance such that > or =1.4 x 10(5) plates/m were observed in capillaries coated for 5 min with 0.1 mM DMPC in 20 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4). The presence of Ca(2+) in the coating solution also increases the rate of formation of the phospholipid bilayer coating. The type of vesicle strongly affects its adsorption rate onto the silica surface. The time required to coat the capillary was 7.2 min for small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) and 22.5 min for large unilamellar vesicles and excessively long for multilamellar vesicles. Highest efficiency protein separations were achieved with bilayer coatings prepared from SUVs. The coating rate was enhanced by using greater DMPC concentrations and unaffected by pH. The type of buffer present in the DMPC coating solution affects the coating behavior, with HEPES buffer yielding a faster coat time than either Tris or phosphate buffers. Histone H1 was separated on a 0.1 mM DMPC-coated capillary.
Revisiting the Role of the Amygdala in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (2017)

Over the past 20 years, the reactivity of amygdala to emotive stimuli has been explored by emerging neuroimaging techniques in an effort to understand the role of amygdala in the pathophysiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A fear neurocircuitry model, whereby the amygdala is hyperactive due to poor top-down control from the anterior cingulate and ventromedial prefrontal cortices, has been supported by numerous experimental studies and meta-analyses. However, this model has not always been upheld by experimental data and clinical observations. In particular, many neuroimaging studies find that the amygdala fails to activate in response to negative stimuli in individuals with PTSD. Several technical and design issues may explain disparate results regarding amygdala reactivity in PTSD. However, biological and symptom-based factors emerge as possible mediators of amygdala function in PTSD, leading to the conclusion that symptoms of emotional disengagement and dissociation are associated with amygdala hyporeactivity, and symptoms of hypervigilance/hyperarousal and problems with fear conditioning and extinction are reflected by amygdala hyperactivity. Therefore, treatment of PTSD should take into account the nature of amygdala dysfunction in the individual to optimize treatment outcomes.