gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Free-space quantum cryptography in daylight</title> (2000)

Quantum cryptography is an emerging technology in which two parties may simultaneously generate shared, secret cryptographic key material using the transmission of quantum states of light. The security of these transmissions is based on the inviolability of the laws of quantum mechanics and information-theoretically secure post-processing methods. An adversary can neither successfully tap the quantum transmissions, nor evade detection, owing to Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. In this paper we describe the theory of quantum cryptography, and the most recent results from our experimental free-space system with which we have demonstrated for the first time the feasibility of quantum key generation over a point-to-point outdoor atmospheric path in daylight. We achieved a transmission distance of 0.5 km, which was limited only by the length of the test range. Our results provide strong evidence that cryptographic key material could be generated on demand between a ground station and a satellite (or between two satellites), allowing a satellite to be securely re-keyed on orbit. We present a feasibility analysis of surface-to-satellite quantum key generation.
Cytochrome b5 potentiation of cytochrome P-450 catalytic activity demonstrated by a vaccinia virus-mediated in situ reconstitution system. (1990)

A cDNA containing the full coding region of human cytochrome b5 was inserted into a vaccinia virus cDNA expression vector. Infection of human thymidine kinase-minus (TK-) 143 cells in culture with this recombinant virus resulted in production of 0.3 nmol of cytochrome b5 per mg of cell lysate protein. The expressed cytochrome had a reduced difference spectrum with a Soret peak at 424 nm, typical of pure cytochrome b5. TK- 143 cells have little detectable endogenous cytochrome b5, cytochrome P-450 (P450), and NADPH-P450 oxidoreductase. To test whether cytochrome b5 potentiated mixed-function monooxygenation in situ, these cells were coinfected with three recombinant vaccinia viruses individually carrying cDNAs encoding cytochrome b5, NADPH-P450 oxidoreductase, and P450 form IIB1. These triple-virus-infected cells were compared to cells infected with the P450IIB1 and NADPH-P450 oxidoreductase recombinant viruses with respect to P450IIB1-catalyzed monooxygenase activities. Cytochrome b5 specifically augmented the deethylation of p-nitrophenetole in microsomal membrane fractions of infected cells or when substrate was incubated directly with cells in situ. No significant increases were seen with P450IIB1-catalyzed testosterone, 7-ethoxycoumarin, or 7-pentoxyresorufin oxidations. These data demonstrate that cytochrome b5 is capable of specifically augmenting monooxygenase activities in intact cells.
Deep-Well Quantum Cascade Laser Structure on Metamorphic Buffer Layer (2012)

A novel deep-well tapered-active quantum cascade laser design (λ~3.6 μm) on a metamorphic buffer layer (MBL) virtual substrate is achieved. Strain-compensated superlattice structures, representative of the QCL active region, are grown on the MBL.
High-fidelity image-based modeling (2008)

Image-based modeling is the process of automatically acquiring geometric object and scene models from photographs or video clips. This dissertation addresses three core problems in image-based modeling: static scene reconstruction, high-fidelity camera calibration, and dynamic scene reconstruction. For static scene reconstruction, we propose two novel multi-view stereo algorithms. In the first algorithm, after building a visual hull model purely from geometric constraints associated with image silhouettes, we identify rims where the surface grazes the visual hull model, which is then carved by maximizing a photometric consistency score defined over the surface while fixing the identified rims. A local iterative deformation step is finally used to recover fine surface details. In the second algorithm, we propose a simple method that outputs a set of planar oriented rectangular patches, which are then converted into a polygonal surface. The method does not require any initialization and is capable of detecting and discarding outliers and obstacles visible in the images. It does not perform any smoothing across nearby features, yet is one of the best algorithm available today according to the recent quantitative evaluations of multi-view stereo algorithms. For high-fidelity camera calibration, given a set of camera parameters possibly containing errors, we use multi-view stereo to construct a rough geometric model of a scene, which is then used to establish feature correspondences, Standard bundle adjustment software is used with the established feature correspondences to tighten up camera parameters. The proposed method has been tested on various real data sets including objects without salient textures, where feature correspondences cannot be established without our method. Lastly, for dynamic scene reconstruction, we propose a dense 3D tracking algorithm that uses multi-view stereo in the first frame to reconstruct an initial surface mesh, then tracks its vertices over time by using a local rigid and a global non-rigid motion models. An expansion strategy, which has proven extremely effective for multi-view stereo, is employed for fast and complex motions that existing approaches cannot handle. Qualitative and quantitative experiments are performed for seven real data sets, demonstrating the effectiveness of our approach.
Musical instrument (1983)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Melville Clark, David A. Luce; Musical instrument. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 April 1983; 73 (4): 1413. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.389187 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Pregnancy Prediction in Single Embryo Transfer Cycles after ICSI Using QPCR: Validation in Oocytes from the Same Cohort (2013)

Cumulus cell (CC) gene expression is being explored as an additional method to morphological scoring to choose the embryo with the highest chance to pregnancy. In 47 ICSI patients with single embryo transfer (SET), from which individual CC samples had been stored, 12 genes using QPCR were retrospectively analyzed. The CC samples were at the same occasion also used to validate a previously obtained pregnancy prediction model comprising three genes (ephrin-B2 (EFNB2), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ID, stanniocalcin 1). Latter validation yielded a correct pregnant/non-pregnant classification in 72% of the samples. Subsequently, 9 new genes were analyzed on the same samples and new prediction models were built. Out of the 12 genes analyzed a combination of the best predictive genes was obtained by stepwise multiple regression. One model retained EFNB2 in combination with glutathione S-transferase alpha 3 and 4, progesterone receptor and glutathione peroxidase 3, resulting in 93% correct predictions when 3 patient and treatment cycle characteristics were included into the model. This large patient group allowed to do an intra-patient analysis for 7 patients, an analysis mimicking the methodology that would ultimately be used in clinical routine. CC related to a SET that did not give pregnancy and CC related to their subsequent frozen/thawed embryos which ended in pregnancy were analyzed. The models obtained in the between-patient analysis were used to rank the oocytes within-patients for their chance to pregnancy and resulted in 86% of correct predictions. In conclusion, prediction models built on selected quantified transcripts in CC might help in the decision making process which is currently only based on subjective embryo morphology scoring. The validity of our current models for routine application still need prospective assessment in a larger and more diverse patient population allowing intra-patient analysis.
Direct Reductive Amination <i>versus</i> Hydrogenation of Intermediates –A Comparison (2004)

Abstract The direct reductive amination of acetophenone with benzylamine or piperidine was studied in comparison with the hydrogenation of possible intermediates like a corresponding imine or enamine. No common features in terms of productivity and stereocontrol (in the case of chiral catalysts) have been found for both processes. Hence evaluation of efficient, selective and enantioselective catalysts for direct reductive amination appears to be a separate task.
Selective inhibitors of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) with a xanthine scaffold (2014)

The first selective, non-peptide derived inhibitors of FAP are presented.
Synthesis of Benz[d]indeno[1,2‐b]pyran‐5,11‐diones: Versatile Intermediates for the Design and Synthesis of Topoisomerase I Inhibitors. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. 10. Isomeric 4-[(3-Bromophenyl)amino]pyrido[<i>d</i>]- pyrimidines Are Potent ATP Binding Site Inhibitors of the Tyrosine Kinase Function of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (1996)

Following the discovery of the very high inhibitory ability of the 4-[(3-bromophenyl)amino]-quinazolines against the tyrosine kinase activity of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (e.g., 3, IC50 0.029 nM), four series of related pyrido[d]pyrimidines bearing electron-donating groups at the 6- or 7-positions have been synthesized and evaluated. The compounds were prepared by nucleophilic substitution of the corresponding 6- and 7-fluoro analogues. While members of all series showed potent inhibitory activity against isolated EGFR, there were important differences between the different isomeric pyrido[d]pyrimidines and the parent quinazolines. Overall, the [3,4-d] and [4,3-d] series were the most potent, followed by the [3,2-d] compounds, with the [2,3-d] analogues being least active. Whereas in the parent quinazoline series the addition of steric bulk to a 6- or 7-NH2 substituent (i.e., NHMe and NMe2 groups) dramatically decreased potency, no such trend was discernable in the [3,2-d] series. Furthermore, in the 7-substituted pyrido[4,3-d]- and 6-substituted pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidine series, and to a limited extent in the 7-substituted pyrido[2,3-d] series, such substitution increased potency dramatically, to the extent that the 7-(methylamino)pyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidine (5f) (IC50 0.13 nM) and 6-(methylamino)pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidine (7f) (IC50 0.008 nM) constitute important new leads. Selected compounds were evaluated for their ability to inhibit EGFR autophosphorylation in A431 cells, and a positive quantitative correlation was found between this activity and inhibitory activity against the isolated enzyme.
Enhancing the mechanical properties of single-crystal CVD diamond (2009)

Approaches for enhancing the strength and toughness of single-crystal diamond produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) at high growth rates are described. CVD processes used to grow single-crystal diamond in high density plasmas were modified to incorporate boron and nitrogen. Semi-quantitative studies of mechanical properties were carried out using Vickers indentation techniques. The introduction of boron in single-crystal CVD diamond can significantly enhance the fracture toughness of this material without sacrificing its high hardness (∼78 GPa). Growth conditions were varied to investigate its effect on boron incorporation and optical properties by means of photoluminescence, infrared, and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy. Boron can be readily incorporated into single-crystal diamond by the methods used, but with nitrogen addition, the incorporation of boron was hindered. The spectroscopic measurements indicate that nitrogen and boron coexist in the diamond structure, which helps explain the origin of the enhanced fracture toughness of this material. Further, low pressure/high temperature annealing can enhance the intrinsic hardness of single-crystal CVD diamond by a factor of two without appreciable loss in fracture toughness. This doping and post-growth treatment of diamond may lead to new technological applications that require enhanced mechanical properties of diamond.
Microspherical photonics: Sorting resonant photonic atoms by using light (2014)

A method of sorting microspheres by resonant light forces in vacuum, air, or liquid is proposed. Based on a two-dimensional model, it is shown that the sorting can be realized by allowing spherical particles to traverse a focused beam. Under resonance with the whispering gallery modes, the particles acquire significant velocity along the beam direction. This opens a unique way of large-volume sorting of nearly identical photonic atoms with 1/Q accuracy, where Q is the resonance quality factor. This is an enabling technology for developing super-low-loss coupled-cavity structures and devices.
Highly-integrated guidewire vascular ultrasound imaging system-on-a-chip (2018)

To produce real-time images for the cardio-vascular interventions, in this study, we present a highly integrated guidewire ultrasound imaging system-on-a-chip (GUISoC) implemented in 0.18-pm high voltage (HV) CMOS process which requires three wires for the interconnection. The system generates high voltage pulses exciting a capacitive micromachined ultrasound transducer (CMUT) array in transmit mode and captures echo signals scattered from the imaging medium in receive mode. Quadrature sampler down-converts 25–38 MHz echo signals from 12-elements CMUT array to baseband, and I/Q signals are multiplexed through a 2-m long 52-AWG coaxial cable. The 3 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> GUISoC is powered and clocked through three wires, while consuming 25.2 mW and 46 mW at 1.8 V and 46 V supplies, respectively.
PPM1D is a potential target for 17q gain in neuroblastoma. (2003)

Neuroblastomas (NBs) show complex patterns of genetic abnormalities, which may include amplification of the MYCN gene, deletion of 1p, or a gain of DNA at 17q, the last being the most frequent observation in NB tumors. However, the specific genes and the molecular mechanisms responsible for development and progression of NB remain poorly understood. We investigated aberrations of DNA copy number in 25 NB cell lines using comparative genomic hybridization and identified a minimal common region of gain at 17q23. Although gain of distal 17q is the most powerful genetic predictor of adverse outcome currently available for patients with NB, thus far, no potential target genes have been reported for that region. Therefore, we defined the 17q23 amplicon in detail and determined expression levels of 15 genes located within the smallest region of overlap observed among our NB cell lines to identify the most likely target gene(s). Among them, seven (CLTC, VMP1, delta-tubulin, RPS6KB1, FLJ22087, APPBP2, and PPM1D) were consistently overexpressed through increases in regional copy number. Analysis of expression levels of those seven genes in 32 primary NB tumors revealed a significant correlation between higher expression and poorer clinical outcome only with respect to PPM1D. Moreover, down-regulation of PPM1D by transfection of an antisense oligonucleotide suppressed the growth of NB cell lines to a remarkable degree, at least partly by participating in a process leading to apoptotic cell death. Taken together, our results indicate that PPM1D is the most likely target of the 17q23 gain/amplification in NB tumors and may have an important role in the pathogenesis of this disease.
Epithelial Membrane Protein-2 (EMP2) and Experimental Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy (PVR) (2011)

These in vivo studies support a direct correlation between EMP2 expression and severity of PVR. These results validate the potential for controlling RPE biology through a change in EMP2 expression, and provide a potential therapeutic target for this disease.
Bone suppression technique for chest radiographs (2014)

High-contrast bone structures are a major noise contributor in chest radiographic images. A signal of interest in a chest radiograph could be either partially or completely obscured or “overshadowed” by the highly contrasted bone structures in its surrounding. Thus, removing the bone structures, especially the posterior rib and clavicle structures, is highly desirable to increase the visibility of soft tissue density. We developed an innovative technology that offers a solution to suppress bone structures, including posterior ribs and clavicles, on conventional and portable chest X-ray images. The bone-suppression image processing technology includes five major steps: 1) lung segmentation, 2) rib and clavicle structure detection, 3) rib and clavicle edge detection, 4) rib and clavicle profile estimation, and 5) suppression based on the estimated profiles. The bone-suppression software outputs an image with both the rib and clavicle structures suppressed. The rib suppression performance was evaluated on 491 images. On average, 83.06% (±6.59%) of the rib structures on a standard chest image were suppressed based on the comparison of computer-identified rib areas against hand-drawn rib areas, which is equivalent to about an average of one rib that is still visible on a rib-suppressed image based on a visual assessment. Reader studies were performed to evaluate reader performance in detecting lung nodules and pneumothoraces with and without a bone-suppression companion view. Results from reader studies indicated that the bone-suppression technology significantly improved radiologists’ performance in the detection of CT-confirmed possible nodules and pneumothoraces on chest radiographs. The results also showed that radiologists were more confident in making diagnoses regarding the presence or absence of an abnormality after rib-suppressed companion views were presented
State‐of‐charge and state‐of‐health estimation with state constraints and current sensor bias correction for electrified powertrain vehicle batteries (2016)

Pragmatic approaches are proposed to enhance battery state estimation using Kalman filter (KF) and extended KF. Notable novelties introduced include: the use of state/parameter constraints, asymmetric equivalent circuit model behaviour, inclusion of nominal models, and current sensor measurement bias estimation and compensation. The so‐called delta parameters are estimated to handle cell variations, aging, and online deviation of parameters. Strategic simplifications that enable the use of traditional KF algorithm are described. Unique filter structures are presented for state‐of‐charge and state‐of‐health estimation, the latter focuses on capacity and impedance estimation. The performance of the proposed approaches is demonstrated on experimental drive‐cycle data designed for electric vehicle (EV) and hybrid EV applications.
Safety and immunogenicity of three doses of a Neisseria meningitidis A + C diphtheria conjugate vaccine in infants from Niger (2000)

MenD was safe among infants in Niger, and immunization led to significantly greater functional antibody activity than with MenPS. The 4-microg dose of MenD for both the A and C serogroups has been selected for further studies.
Lower Density HCFC Blown Appliance Foams (1993)

New, more stringent electrical efficiency standards for refrigerated home appliances will go into effect in 1993. In order to meet these new standards, manufacturers of appliances may have to use foams for insulation that have lower thermal conductivity values than their current production foams. In 1994, the substantial tax increase on CFC-11 used in insulating foams will likely result in the replacement of CFC-11 blown foams with HCFC blown foams. It is well known however, that HCFCs have about 25% higher thermal conductivity values than CFC-11, and drop in replacement foams with HCFCs have about 5 to 10% higher values. Miles Inc. has developed and previously published data [1] on microcell HCFC polyurethane foams that offered about 2 to 3% lower thermal conductivities than conventional CFC-11 blown production foams
Gyroless 3-Axis Sun Acquisition via Sun Sensors Only Unscented Kalman Filter Estimation (2013)

This paper proposes an attitude estimator that uses a sun sensor and the known momentum vector direction as the only attitude determination measurements to provide 3axis attitude information by incorporating Euler equation into the estimator in a unique way. The performance and robustness against uncertainties and sensor noise of the proposed estimator is verified by applying it to a sun acquisition operation.
Cloning and expression of DiT33 from<i>Dirofilaria immitis</i>: a specific and early marker of heartworm infection (1996)

Dirofilaria immitis is an important filarial parasite of dogs and cats, and a useful model for human filariasis. Current diagnostic tests for heartworm infection in animals rely on the presence of fecund female worms (usually found 6.5 months post-infection or later) and therefore fail to detect pre-patent infections. Putative pepsin inhibitors from 2 filarial parasites of humans namely Onchocerca volvulus (Ov33, Oc3.6, OvD5B) and Brugia malayi (Bm33), have been shown to be useful in diagnosis of onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis, respectively. Previous studies have suggested that a homologue exists in D. immitis (DiT33), which may have potential in diagnosis of heartworm infection. In this study, the isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone encoding DiT33 is described. This cDNA contains 12 bases of the nematode-specific 22 nucleotide spliced leader sequence and encodes a 26.4 kDa-protein with a high level of similarity (87-89%) to other filarial members of the family. DiT33 was over-expressed in E. coli as a fusion with the maltose-binding protein and serological analysis was performed using a panel of clinically defined dog sera. The findings of this study indicate that DiT33 is a promising antigen for the early detection of D. immitis and may be a valuable tool in the control and management of heartworm infection.
Noise detection in heart sound recordings (2011)

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death in the United States. Although progression of CAD can be controlled using drugs and diet, it is usually detected in advanced stages when invasive treatment is required. Current methods to detect CAD are invasive and/or costly, hence not suitable as a regular screening tool to detect CAD in early stages. Currently, we are developing a noninvasive and cost-effective system to detect CAD using the acoustic approach. This method identifies sounds generated by turbulent flow through partially narrowed coronary arteries to detect CAD. The limiting factor of this method is sensitivity to noises commonly encountered in the clinical setting. Because the CAD sounds are faint, these noises can easily obscure the CAD sounds and make detection impossible. In this paper, we propose a method to detect and eliminate noise encountered in the clinical setting using a reference channel. We show that our method is effective in detecting noise, which is essential to the success of the acoustic approach.