gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Latching micromagnetic relays (2001)

This paper describes the underlying principles, design and operation of a new type of latching micromagnetic relay. The device is based on preferential magnetization of a soft magnetic cantilever in a permanent external magnetic field. Switching between two stable states is accomplished by momentarily changing the direction of the cantilever's magnetization by passing a short current pulse through a planar coil situated under the cantilever. Once the relay is switched, it is held in this nonvolatile state by the permanent external magnetic field. Latching operation has been demonstrated for devices having two different cantilever geometries and a variety of sizes. Characterization has been performed under dc and ac conditions. The minimum (lead-to-lead) resistance through the switch is approximately 50 m/spl Omega/.. The switching current and minimum switching pulse width are 79 mA and 0.2 ms, respectively. The operating voltage is about 5 V. The switching energy consumption is <9.3 /spl mu/J.
Texture tile visibility determination for dynamic texture loading (1998)

Article Free Access Share on Texture tile visibility determination for dynamic texture loading Authors: Michael E. Goss Hewlett-Packard Laboratories Hewlett-Packard LaboratoriesView Profile , Kei Yuasa Hewlett-Packard Laboratories Hewlett-Packard LaboratoriesView Profile Authors Info & Claims HWWS '98: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/EUROGRAPHICS workshop on Graphics hardwareAugust 1998 Pages 55–ff.https://doi.org/10.1145/285305.285312Published:01 August 1998Publication History 4citation282DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations4Total Downloads282Last 12 Months9Last 6 weeks4 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Abstract 2595: Texture variation on a mammogram and risk of breast cancer (2016)

Abstract Mammographic density is one of the strongest risk factors for breast cancer. The most widely used measure of mammographic density is based on the percentage of dense tissue on a mammogram (percent mammographic density). However, there is additional information in mammographic images not captured by current mammographic density measurements including heterogeneity in patterns of breast density, often referred to as ‘texture’. More recent research suggests that textural features on a mammogram are associated with breast cancer risk independent of percent mammographic density. Therefore, we evaluated an automated measure called V, which measures the grayscale variation within a mammogram, in relation to subsequent breast cancer risk in 834 breast cancer cases (426 premenopausal and 408 postmenopausal) and 1805 controls (978 premenopausal and 827 postmenopausal) from a nested case-control study of breast cancer in the Nurses’ Health Studies (NHS). Among all women, V was modestly correlated with percent mammographic density (r = 0.48, p&lt;0.01); this correlation did not vary substantially by menopausal status. Among premenopausal women, those in the highest quartile of V had a significantly higher risk of breast cancer (OR = 1.84, 95%CI: 1.30-2.61) compared to those in the lowest quartile. This association was similar, though more modest, among postmenopausal women (OR = 1.54, 95%CI: 1.08-2.19). These associations somewhat attenuated after adjustment for percent mammographic density in both premenopausal women (OR comparing extreme quartiles = 1.41, 95%CI: 0.97-2.03) and in postmenopausal women (OR comparing extreme quartiles = 1.21, 95%CI: 0.81-1.81). Future work will examine the associations between V and risk of breast cancer subtypes (e.g., by ER/PR tumor expression) as well as examine the associations between other measures of texture including markovian, run-length, laws, wavelet, fourier, and power features with breast cancer risk. Citation Format: Megan Rice, Kimberly Bertrand, John Heine, Bernard Rosner, Rulla Tamimi. Texture variation on a mammogram and risk of breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2595.
Improving In-Memory Database Operations with Acceleration DIMM (AxDIMM) (2022)

The significant overhead needed to transfer the data between CPUs and memory devices is one of the hottest issues in many areas of computing, such as database management systems. Disaggregated computing on the memory devices is being highlighted as one promising approach. In this work, we introduce a new near-memory acceleration scheme for in-memory database operations, called Acceleration DIMM (AxDIMM). It behaves like a normal DIMM through the standard DIMM-compatible interface, but has embedded computing units for data-intensive operations. With the minimized data transfer overhead, it reduces CPU resource consumption, relieves the memory bandwidth bottleneck, and boosts energy efficiency. We implement scan operations, one of the most data-intensive database operations, within AxDIMM and compare its performance with SIMD (Single Instruction Multiple Data) implementation on CPU. Our investigation shows that the acceleration achieves 6.8x more throughput than the SIMD implementation.
Preparation of Biodegradable Polymer Scaffolds with Dual Pore System for Tissue Regeneration (2007)

Abstract Biodegradable polymer scaffolds that have dual pores on the matrix were successfully prepared using a combination of gas foaming and phase separation methods. PLLA and PLGA were dissolved in dioxane/water at the ratios of 90/10, 87/13, or 85/15 (v/v), respectively. Sodium bicarbonate was then added to the polymer solution and freezed‐dried, then subjected to a gas foaming process. Dual pore scaffolds have two distinct pore sizes: large pores in 200∼300 µm and small ones in 5∼20 µm, with the interconnected structure. Their porosities were ranged from 92 to 98%, significantly higher than those of unipore scaffold (90%). Two variables, water content (10, 13, and 15%) and freeze‐drying temperature (FDT; −196, −70, and −20 °C), were introduced during the scaffold preparation. Mechanical compressive strength decreased as the polymer solution was gradually diluted with water (100/0 to 85/15, v/v). Earlier weight loss of the different scaffolds was found with FDT at −20 °C but the final result was the same, regardless of different FDTs used. These dual pore polymer scaffolds may thus be useful in tissue engineering applications.
Complete Genome Sequence of Avian Paramyxovirus (APMV) Serotype 5 Completes the Analysis of Nine APMV Serotypes and Reveals the Longest APMV Genome (2010)

Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences of the APVM-5 genome and proteins versus those of the other APMV serotypes showed that APMV-5 is more closely related to APMV-6 than to the other APMVs. Furthermore, these comparisons provided evidence of extensive genome-wide divergence that supports the classification of the APMVs into nine separate serotypes. The structure of the F cleavage site does not appear to be a reliable indicator of virulence among APMV serotypes 2-9. The availability of sequence information for all known APMV serotypes will facilitate studies in epidemiology and vaccinology.
Structure-activity relationships of sparsomycin and its analogs: octylsparsomycin: The first analog more active than sparsomycin (1984)

Nine analogues of sparsomycin were synthesized, and their cytostatic activity was studied in an in vitro clonogenic L1210 assay by measuring the inhibition of colony formation. The activity of an analogue, expressed as an ID50 value, was compared to that of sparsomycin. Each possesses not more than two structural modifications of the sparsomycin molecule 1. Comparison of the activity of with that of the stereomers, having RCSS, SCSS, and RCRS chirality, respectively, shows that the S configuration of the chiral carbon atom is essential for an optimal activity, whereas the R chirality of the sulfoxide sulfur atom of sparsomycin is of importance. Study of the ID50 values of the S-deoxo analogues, as well as the compounds having the beta-sulfoxide function, indicate that the presence of an oxygen atom on the alpha-sulfur atom is essential. Isomerization of the trans double bond into the cis double bond yields isosparsomycin, (Scheme II), which has a low activity. The cytostatic activity of sparsomycin seems to be related to its lipophilicity: octylsparsomycin was shown to be three times as effective as sparsomycin.
A Josephson logic design employing current-switched junctions (1977)

A logic scheme using Josephson tunnel junctions in a current-steering mode is described. Switching from voltage <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V = 0</tex> to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V \neq 0</tex> is accomplished by adding a fraction of the control-line currents to the bias current. In one form the addition is accomplished by shunting the junction to be switched with a loop containing a second junction serving a diode-like function and causing one or more control lines to possess inductive coupling to the loop. A five-element circuit demonstrating AND, OR and INVERSION operations carried out by this approach has been fabricated and works as expected.
Let me join you! Real-time F-formation recognition by a socially aware\n robot (2020)

This paper presents a novel architecture to detect social groups in real-time\nfrom a continuous image stream of an ego-vision camera. F-formation defines\nsocial orientations in space where two or more person tends to communicate in a\nsocial place. Thus, essentially, we detect F-formations in social gatherings\nsuch as meetings, discussions, etc. and predict the robot's approach angle if\nit wants to join the social group. Additionally, we also detect outliers, i.e.,\nthe persons who are not part of the group under consideration. Our proposed\npipeline consists of -- a) a skeletal key points estimator (a total of 17) for\nthe detected human in the scene, b) a learning model (using a feature vector\nbased on the skeletal points) using CRF to detect groups of people and outlier\nperson in a scene, and c) a separate learning model using a multi-class Support\nVector Machine (SVM) to predict the exact F-formation of the group of people in\nthe current scene and the angle of approach for the viewing robot. The system\nis evaluated using two data-sets. The results show that the group and outlier\ndetection in a scene using our method establishes an accuracy of 91%. We have\nmade rigorous comparisons of our systems with a state-of-the-art F-formation\ndetection system and found that it outperforms the state-of-the-art by 29% for\nformation detection and 55% for combined detection of the formation and\napproach angle.\n
Novel quinuclidine-based ligands for the muscarinic cholinergic receptor (1990)

Recent clinical studies on Alzheimer's patients have implied that only agents displaying high efficacy at the cortical muscarinic receptor have yielded encouraging results. This paper describes the design, synthesis, and biochemical characterization of novel quinuclidine-based muscarinic agonists which can readily penetrate into the central nervous system and which are capable of displaying high efficacy at cortical sites. With use of a biochemical assay capable of measuring receptor affinity and predicting cortical efficacy, it has been discovered that an oxadiazole ring and related heterocycles can function as bioisosteric replacements for the ester moiety found in several known muscarinic ligands. Within this series there exist compounds which span the efficacy range from high-efficacy agonist through partial agonists to antagonists with affinity comparable or superior to that of classical quaternary ammonium ligands. Consistent with recent molecular biology studies, structure-activity trends are interpreted in terms of separate binding sites for agonists and antagonists with H-bonding interactions characterizing agonist behavior and lipophilic binding characterizing antagonist behavior. Thus the aminooxadiazole moiety has structural features which are optimized for an agonist profile.
Isolation and characterization of canine umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (2009)

Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to possess the potential for multiple differentiations abilities in vitro and in vivo. In canine system, studying stem cell therapy is important, but so far, stem cells from canine were not identified and characterized. In this study, we successfully isolated and characterized MSCs from the canine umbilical cord and its fetal blood. Canine MSCs (cMSCs) were grown in medium containing low glucose DMEM with 20% FBS. The cMSCs have stem cells expression patterns which are concerned with MSCs surface markers by fluorescence- activated cell sorter analysis. The cMSCs had multipotent abilities. In the neuronal differentiation study, the cMSCs expressed the neuronal markers glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuronal class III beta tubulin (Tuj-1), neurofilament M (NF160) in the basal culture media. After neuronal differentiation, the cMSCs expressed the neuronal markers Nestin, GFAP, Tuj-1, microtubule-associated protein 2, NF160. In the osteogenic & chondrogenic differentiation studies, cMSCs were stained with alizarin red and toluidine blue staining, respectively. With osteogenic differentiation, the cMSCs presented osteoblastic differentiation genes by RT-PCR. This finding also suggests that cMSCs might have the ability to differentiate multipotentially. It was concluded that isolated MSCs from canine cord blood have multipotential differentiation abilities. Therefore, it is suggested that cMSCs may represent a be a good model system for stem cell biology and could be useful as a therapeutic modality for canine incurable or intractable diseases, including spinal cord injuries in future regenerative medicine studies.
Clinical significance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2-alkyl-4-quinolone quorum-sensing signal molecules for long-term outcomes in adults with cystic fibrosis (2019)

<b>Introduction.</b> <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> is an important respiratory pathogen in cystic fibrosis (CF), which is associated with an accelerated decline in lung function, frequent pulmonary exacerbations and increased mortality. <i>P. aeruginosa</i> produces intercellular signalling molecules including 2-alkyl-4-quinolones (AQs), which regulate virulence-factor production and biofilm formation in the CF airways. Studies have shown that AQs are detectable in the sputum and plasma of adults with CF and chronic pulmonary <i>P. aeruginosa</i>.<b>Aim.</b> We tested the hypothesis that the presence of six AQs in plasma or sputum obtained from adults with CF was associated with long-term adverse clinical outcomes.<b>Methodology.</b> We analysed clinical data over an 8 year follow period for 90 people with CF who had previously provided samples for AQ analysis at clinical stability. The primary outcome was all cause mortality or lung transplantation. Secondary outcomes were the rate of lung-function decline and the number of intravenous (IV) antibiotic days for pulmonary exacerbations.<b>Results.</b> There was no statistical association between the presence of any of the six measured AQs and the primary outcomes or the secondary outcome of decline in lung function. One of the six AQs was associated with IV antibiotic usage. The presence of 2-nonyl-3-hydroxy-4(1 h)-quinolone (C9-PQS) in sputum was associated with an increase in the number of IV antibiotic days in the follow-up period (Mann-Whitney; <i>P</i>=0.011).<b>Conclusion.</b> Further investigation to confirm the hypothesis that C9-PQS may be associated with increased antibiotic usage for pulmonary exacerbations is warranted as AQ-dependent signalling is a potential future target for anti-virulence therapies.
Enantioselective conjugate addition of Grignard reagents to enones catalyzed by chiral cuprate complexes (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnantioselective conjugate addition of Grignard reagents to enones catalyzed by chiral cuprate complexesKwang Hyun Ahn, R. Bryan Klassen, and Stephen J. LippardCite this: Organometallics 1990, 9, 12, 3178–3181Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00162a032https://doi.org/10.1021/om00162a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1123Altmetric-Citations107LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dual energy CT: How to best blend both energies in one fused image? (2008)

In x-ray based imaging, attenuation depends on the type of tissue scanned and the average energy level of the x-ray beam, which can be adjusted via the x-ray tube potential. Conventional computed tomography (CT) imaging uses a single kV value, usually 120kV. Dual energy CT uses two different tube potentials (e.g. 80kV & 140kV) to obtain two image datasets with different attenuation characteristics. This difference in attenuation levels allows for classification of the composition of the tissues. In addition, the different energies significantly influence the contrast resolution and noise characteristics of the two image datasets. 80kV images provide greater contrast resolution than 140kV, but are limited because of increased noise. While dual-energy CT may provide useful clinical information, the question arises as to how to best realize and visualize this benefit. In conventional single energy CT, patient image data is presented to the physicians using well understood organ specific window and level settings. Instead of viewing two data series (one for each tube potential), the images are most often fused into a single image dataset using a linear mixing of the data with a 70% 140kV and a 30% 80kV mixing ratio, as available on one commercial systems. This ratio provides a reasonable representation of the anatomy/pathology, however due to the linear nature of the blending, the advantages of each dataset (contrast or sharpness) is partially offset by its drawbacks (blurring or noise). This project evaluated a variety of organ specific linear and non-linear mixing algorithms to optimize the blending of the low and high kV information for display in a way that combines the benefits (contrast and sharpness) of both energies in a single image. A blinded review analysis by subspecialty abdominal radiologists found that, unique, tunable, non-linear mixing algorithms that we developed outperformed linear, fixed mixing for a variety of different organs and pathologies of interest.
Simple Near-Realtime Crane Workspace Mapping Using Machine Vision (2014)

Overhead cranes are widely used in industries all over the world. It is not easy to move crane payloads without oscillation, increasing the likelihood of obstacle collisions and other accidents. Even experienced crane operators make mistakes that cause loss of money and time. Some reasons for these incidents are limitations of the operator’s field of view, depth perception, knowledge of the workspace, and the dynamic environment of the workspace. One possible solution to these problems could be aiding the operator with a dynamic map of the workspace that shows the current position of obstacles. The probable areas of finding obstacles based on the previous positions of obstacles could also be shown. This paper describes a simple method of generating such a map of the crane workspace using machine vision.
New developments in 3D liquid crystal elastomers scaffolds for tissue engineering: from physical template to responsive substrate (2017)

We report here on cell growth and proliferation within a 3D architecture created using smectic liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) leading to a responsive scaffold for tissue engineering. The investigated LCE scaffolds exhibit biocompatibility, controlled degradability, with mechanical properties and morphologies that can match development of the extracellular matrix. Moreover, the synthetic pathway and scaffold design offer a versatility of processing, allowing modifications of the surface such as adjusting the hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance and the mobility of the LC moieties to enhance the biomaterial performance. First, we succeeded in generating LCEs whose mechanical properties mimic muscle tissue. In films, our LCEs showed cell adhesion, proliferation, and alignment. We also achieved creating 3D LCE structures using either metallic template or microsphere scaffolds. Finally, we recorded a four times higher cell proliferation capability in comparison to conventional porous films and, most importantly, anisotropic cell growth that highlights the tremendous effect of liquid crystal moieties within LCEs on the cell environment.
Reduced Contact Resistance in GaN Using Selective Area Si Ion Implantation (2019)

We report selective area n-type doping using ion implantation of Si into semi-insulating, C-doped GaN samples activated using both conventional rapid thermal annealing (RTA) and 30 atm N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> overpressure annealing. Implanted regions were tested for Si activation using Circular Transmission Line Measurements (CTLM), while linear and circular photoconductive switches (PCSS) in the unimplanted regions were used as a test vehicle to separate implanted Si dopant activation from leakage paths generated by N vacancy formation due to damage and decomposition during annealing. We observed that at an optimal temperature around 1060 °C, a low contact resistivity of 1 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-6</sup> Ω-cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> was obtained while preserving the breakdown of the unimplanted regions.
Three-Dimensional Face Recognition in the Presence of Facial Expressions: An Annotated Deformable Model Approach (2007)

In this paper, we present the computational tools and a hardware prototype for 3D face recognition. Full automation is provided through the use of advanced multistage alignment algorithms, resilience to facial expressions by employing a deformable model framework, and invariance to 3D capture devices through suitable preprocessing steps. In addition, scalability in both time and space is achieved by converting 3D facial scans into compact metadata. We present our results on the largest known, and now publicly available, Face Recognition Grand Challenge 3D facial database consisting of several thousand scans. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest performance reported on the FRGC v2 database for the 3D modality.