gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Learning to predict slip for ground robots (2006)

In this paper we predict the amount of slip an exploration rover would experience using stereo imagery by learning from previous examples of traversing similar terrain. To do that, the information of terrain appearance and geometry regarding some location is correlated to the slip measured by the rover while this location is being traversed. This relationship is learned from previous experience, so slip can be predicted later at a distance from visual information only. The advantages of the approach are: 1) learning from examples allows the system to adapt to unknown terrains rather than using fixed heuristics or predefined rules; 2) the feedback about the observed slip is received from the vehicle's own sensors which can fully automate the process; 3) learning slip from previous experience can replace complex mechanical modeling of vehicle or terrain, which is time consuming and not necessarily feasible. Predicting slip is motivated by the need to assess the risk of getting trapped before entering a particular terrain. For example, a planning algorithm can utilize slip information by taking into consideration that a slippery terrain is costly or hazardous to traverse. A generic nonlinear regression framework is proposed in which the terrain type is determined from appearance and then a nonlinear model of slip is learned for a particular terrain type. In this paper we focus only on the latter problem and provide slip learning and prediction results for terrain types, such as soil, sand, gravel, and asphalt. The slip prediction error achieved is about 15% which is comparable to the measurement errors for slip itself
Lead Fractures in Deep Brain Stimulation during Long-Term Follow-Up (2009)

The purpose was to determine the incidence of lead fracture in patients with DBS over a long period of time. We present a retrospective study of 208 patients who received 387 DBS electrodes. Fourteen patients had sixteen lead fractures (4% of the implanted leads) and two patients suffered from 2 lead fractures. Of all lead fractures, five patients had the connection between the leads and the extension cables located in mastoids region, ten in cervical area and one in thoracic region. The mean distance from the connection between the electrode and the extension cable and the lead fracture was 10.7 mm. The lead fracture is a common, although long-term complication in DBS surgery. In our experience, the most common site of electrode cable breakage is approximately between 9 and 13 mm from the junction between the lead and the extension cable. The most important cause of lead fracture is the rotational movement of the lead-extension cable system. If we suspect lead fracture, we must check the impedance of the electrode and to evaluate the side effects of voltage. Finally, we must conduct a radiological screening.
The Overall Analysis of HPV and HLA for Chinese Cervical Cancers (2008)

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major risk factor for the development of cervical cancer (CC). Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles have been associated with an increased or decreased risk of developing CC through infection with oncogenic forms of HPV.Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the interaction between HPV and HLA for invasive cervical cancer.Materials and Methods: It was found that HPV infection rates were 91.33% in CC, and 26.15% in controls using PCR-SBT method in China.Results: Ten HPV genotypes including HPV-16, -58, -61, -6, -39, -81, -18, -33, -11 and -52 were detected in controls. Among the controls, 14.84% were positive for HPV-16, 2.47% for HPV-58, and 8.84% for other HPV types. It was found that 16 HPV genotypes including HPV-16, -18, -58, -33, -81, -31, -68, -39, -67, -6, -11, -26, -52, -62, -66, and -70 were detected in patients with CC. Among the CC specimens, 68.67% were positive for HPV-16, 6.33% for HPV-18, 3.33% for HPV-58 and 13.00% for other HPV types. In HPV-16 positive cervical cancers, 23.6% of them were belonged to prototype, 65.5% were Asian variant, 5.5% were African type 1 and 3.6% were European variants.Our results indicate that HLA-DQB1*060101, DPB1*1301, D6S1043 alleles 112, 132 and D6S2764 allele 209 may confer susceptibility to CC, and DRB1*150101-DQB1*0602 haplotype and DRB1*070101-DQB1*0201 haplotype may contribute to the resistance to the development of CC among Chinese women. Our finding also implies that polymorphic amino acids at the putative antigen binding residues 9 and 37 of HLA-DQB1 alleles may play an important role in the development of cervical cancer. Conclusions: The study suggests that specific HLA class II alleles and haplotypes may influence the immune response to specific HPVencoded epitopes and affect the risk of cervical cancer in Chinese population from an area with a high incidence of this neoplasia.
Surface Analysis of TMCTS-Based SiOC(H) Low-k Dielectrics in Post-Etch Strip of ACL Hardmask (2021)

The miniaturization of devices requires the introduction of a high aspect ratio through patterning in the Damascene copper interconnect process. The high aspect ratio etch process employs hardmasks, such as amorphous carbon, that can withstand high-powered plasma exposure. When an etch hardmask is removed after patterning, the properties of the underlying film can be altered by the effect of plasma exposure during the strip process. In this study, surface properties of SiOC(H) are investigated after an amorphous carbon strip with O<sub>2</sub>/Ar plasma. Since the low-k film of SiOC(H) structure shows characteristics according to the Si-O internal bonding structure, the Si-O bonding ratio of the ring, network and cage structure was analyzed through Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis to measure changes in thin film properties. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was also used to add reliability to the SiOC(H) film structure. In addition, the end point of the strip process was obtained using an optical emission spectroscopy sensor and variations in thin film characteristics over the plasma exposure time were analyzed. These results revealed the structural modification of the SiCO(H) thin film in the post-etch strip of the amorphous carbon layer (ACL) hardmask.
An<i>In Vivo</i>Microdialysis Study of FLZ Penetration through the Blood-Brain Barrier in Normal and 6-Hydroxydopamine Induced Parkinson’s Disease Model Rats (2014)

FLZ (N-[2-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-2-(2,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-3-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenyl)-acrylamide) is a novel synthetic squamosamide derivative and a potential anti-Parkinson's disease (PD) agent. The objective of the present study was to investigate the penetration of free FLZ across the BBB and the effects of P-gp inhibition on FLZ transport in normal and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) induced PD model rats. In vivo microdialysis was used to collect FLZ containing brain and blood dialysates following intravenous (i.v.) drug administration either with or without pretreatment with the specific P-gp inhibitor, zosuquidar trihydrochloride (zosuquidar·3HCl). A sensitive, rapid, and reliable ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) technique was developed and validated to quantitate free FLZ levels in the dialysates. No significant differences were observed in the brain/blood FLZ area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) ratio between normal and PD model rats. However, pretreatment with zosuquidar·3HCl markedly increased the AUC ratio in both rat models. In addition, FLZ penetration was similar in zosuquidar·3HCl-pretreated normal and PD rats. These results suggest that P-gp inhibition increases BBB permeability to FLZ, thereby supporting the hypothesis that P-gp normally restricts FLZ transfer to the brain. These findings could provide reference data for future clinical trials and may aid investigation of the BBB permeability of other CNS-active substances.
Building an Efficient Put-Intensive Key-Value Store with Skip-Tree (2016)

Multi-component based Log-Structured Merge-tree (LSM-tree) has been becoming one of the mainstream indexes. LSM-tree adopts component-by-component KV item flowing down mechanism to push each KV item from one smaller component to the adjacent larger component during compaction procedures until the KV items reach the largest component. This process incurs significant write amplification and limits the write throughput. In this paper, we propose one multi-component Skip-tree to aggressively push the KV items to the non-adjacent larger components via skipping some components and then make the KV items' top-down move more efficient. We develop adaptive and reliable KV item movements among components. By reducing the number of steps during the flowing process from memory-resident component to the disk-resident largest component, Skip-tree can effectively reduce the write amplification and thus improve the system throughput. We design and implement one high performance key-value store, named SkipStore, based on Skip-tree. The experiments demonstrate that SkipStore outperforms the state-of-the-art open-sourced system RocksDB in Facebook by 66.5 percent under HDD and 61 percent under SSD.
Advances in the Chemistry of Tetrahydroquinolines (2011)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTAdvances in the Chemistry of TetrahydroquinolinesVellaisamy Sridharan, Padmakar A. Suryavanshi, and J. Carlos Menéndez*View Author Information Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain.E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2011, 111, 11, 7157–7259Publication Date (Web):August 10, 2011Publication History Received13 September 2010Published online10 August 2011Published inissue 9 November 2011https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr100307mhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr100307mreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2011 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views21736Altmetric-Citations889LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Cyclization,Hydrogenation,Quinolines,Reaction products Get e-Alerts
Interchromophoric Interactions Determine the Maximum Brightness Density in DNA Origami Structures (2019)

An ideal point light source is as small and as bright as possible. For fluorescent point light sources, homogeneity of the light sources is important as well as that the fluorescent units inside the light source maintain their photophysical properties, which is compromised by dye aggregation. Here we propose DNA origami as a rigid scaffold to arrange dye molecules in a dense pixel array with high control of stoichiometry and dye-dye interactions. In order to find the highest labeling density in a DNA origami structure without influencing dye photophysics, we alter the distance of two ATTO647N dyes in single base pair steps and probe the dye-dye interactions on the single-molecule level. For small distances strong quenching in terms of intensity and fluorescence lifetime is observed. With increasing distance, we observe reduced quenching and molecular dynamics. However, energy transfer processes in the weak coupling regime still have a significant impact and can lead to quenching by singlet-dark-state-annihilation. Our study fills a gap of studying the interactions of dyes relevant for superresolution microscopy with dense labeling and for single-molecule biophysics. Incorporating these findings in a 3D DNA origami object will pave the way to bright and homogeneous DNA origami nanobeads.
Real-time optical characterization and control of heteroepitaxial Ga{sub x}In{sub 1{minus}x}P growth by P-polarized reflectance (2000)

The characterization and control of thin film growth processes requires improved methods of characterization and understanding of decomposition pathways and surface reaction kinetics under steady-state epitaxial growth involving organometallic precursors. In this contribution the authors present the application of p-polarized reflectance spectroscopy (PRS) for real-time monitoring and control of pulsed chemical beam epitaxy (PCBE) during low temperature growth of epitaxial Ga{sub 1{minus}x}In{sub x}P heterostructures on Si(001) substrates by PCBE, where the growth surface is sequentially exposed to organometallic precursors. During the pulsed precursor supply the surface reaction kinetics can be followed by analyzing a periodically in composition and thickness modulated surface reaction layer (SRL), which is captured in the PR-signals as a fine structure that is superimposed to the interference fringes caused due to the underlying growing film. The optical response is linked to the growth process via a reduced order surface kinetics (ROSK) model and integrated as a control signal in the implementation of filter and control algorithms for closed-loop controlled growth of epitaxial Ga{sub 1{minus}x}In{sub x}P heterostructures on Si(001) substrates. The control concept has been applied for thickness and compositional graded multi-heterostructure Ga{sub x}In{sub 1{minus}x}P epilayers and validated by ex-situ post-growth analysis, showing superior tracking of composition andmore » thickness targets under closed loop controlled conditions compared to films grown using pre-designed source injection profiles (open-loop conditions).« less
Erratum: Glucocorticoid resistance in T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is associated with a proliferative metabolism (2010)

Correction to: British Journal of Cancer (2009) 100, 1926–1936. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6605072 In reference to Figure 4D, the drug quercetin is clearly cytotoxic as a single agent in the ALL-SIL cell line, but its effect in combination with dexamethasone (DEX) is not synergistic as originally quoted. Rather, the combination of quercetin and DEX resulted in a small, though non-significant reduction in cytotoxicity.
Establishing a Link Between Prescription Drug Abuse and Illicit Online Pharmacies: Analysis of Twitter Data (2015)

This study examined the association between Twitter content, NUPM behavior promotion, and online access to drugs using a broad set of prescription drug keywords. Initial results are concerning, as our study found over 45,000 tweets that directly promoted NUPM by providing a URL that actively marketed the illegal online sale of prescription drugs of abuse. Additional research is needed to further establish the link between Twitter content and NUPM, as well as to help inform future technology-based tools, online health promotion activities, and public policy to combat NUPM online.
Fabrication de micro-résonateurs haute fréquence pour la microscopie à force atomique sur des objets biologiques (2011)

Thèse de doctorat en Micro et Nanotechnologies, Acoustique et Télécommunications, Université de Lille 1, 13 décembre
Supramolecular chemistry: from complexes to complexity (2000)

This review looks back to the birth of modern supramolecular chemistry with the formation of simple crown ether-alkali metal complexes through to more recent self–assembling molecular systems. The final section of this review speculates on what the future may hold for supramolecular assemblies. This includes new catalysts, self–replicating molecular systems, complexes that might be used for data storage, and the creation of molecular motors.
Remnant Lipoprotein Density Profiling by CsBiEDTA Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation (2005)

Remnant lipoproteins (RLPs) are now considered a strong marker of the triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) class for cardiovascular heart disease. The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the efficacy of a novel method that combines an established immunoseparation assay used to measure the RLP class in human serum with ultracentrifugal density gradient separation. These two methods are combined to obtain an RLP density profile. The immunoseparation effectively removes the non-RLP lipoproteins from serum. The RLPs obtained from the immunoseparation are separated into two density-distinct fractions by ultracentrifugal density gradient separation in CsBiEDTA. It is now clear that IDL is distinct in density and immunoreactivity from the two RLP classes isolated by the immunoseparation and ultracentrifugation. This methodology defines the RLP by density and measures their relative prevalence in the TRL class. When applied to clinical samples, variations in the RLP subclasses in different patients are examined. The differences in the RLP density profile are also examined in fasting and postprandial samples. The RLP density profile significantly increases in the postprandial state versus the fasting state. However, the overall quantity of TRL does not appreciably increase in the postprandial state. This work demonstrates the feasibility of measuring the postprandial state in clinical samples to provide insight into the clearance of RLP by the liver as well as the general atherogenicity of these particles. The major outcome of this research is a novel analytical method that couples immunoseparation and density gradient ultracentrifugation to separate and differentially profile the RLP subclass against its nascent counterparts in the TRL class.
Cooperation among access points for enhanced quality of service in dense wireless environments (2014)

The high popularity of Wi-Fi technology for wireless access has led to a common problem of densely deployed access points (APs) in residential or commercial buildings, competing to use the same or overlapping frequency channels and causing a degradation to the user experience due to excessive interference. This degradation is partly caused by the restriction where each client device is allowed to be served only by one of a very limited set of APs (e.g. belonging to the same residential unit), even if it is within range of (or even has a better signal quality to) many other APs. In this paper, we propose a cooperative strategy to mitigate the interference and enhance the quality of service in dense wireless deployments, by having neighboring APs agree to take turns (e.g. in round-robin fashion) to serve each other's clients. We present and analyze a cooperative game-theoretic model of the incentives involved in such cooperation and identify the conditions under which cooperation would be beneficial for the participating APs.
Study of fluorine bombardment on the electrical properties of AlGaN∕GaN heterostructures (2007)

The effects of fluorine ion bombardment on the channel transport properties of AlGaN∕GaN heterostructures have been investigated. Ion bombardment of the heterostructure was carried out within a CF4 plasma in a reactive ion etching system at various self-bias voltages. Hall mobility and sheet electron concentration for the two-dimensional electron gas showed strong dependence on bombardment duration and postbombardment annealing. A systematic study of the behavior of implanted fluorine ions in the annealed heterostructure reveals diffusion followed by accumulation of the ions at the heterointerface. Implications of such behavior on the performance of high electron mobility transistors are briefly discussed.
Model-Based Recognition and Extraction of Information from Chart Images (2011)

Charts are widely used in technical and business documents as a graphical representation of numerical and qualitative data. We present a model-based method to automatically extract data carried by charts and convert them to XML format, thus making these data available for indexing, querying and analysis by common methods of textual data management. The proposed method includes several steps: 1) chart detection, 2) model-based classification by chart type and extraction of graphical components, 3) detection and recognition of textual components, 4) extraction of semantic relations between graphics and text. For testing purpose, a benchmark set was created with the XML/SWF Chart tool. By comparing the recovered data and the original data used for chart generation, we are able to evaluate our information extraction algorithm and confirm its validity. We also extensively tested each step of the proposed algorithm against existing approaches. Model- based classification showed high accuracy, comparable to those of the best supervised learning methods. The proposed text detection algorithm leads to significant improvement in text recognition rate (up to 20 times better).
Colorless Green Ideas Learn Furiously (2012)

Abstract Language recognition programs use massive databases of words, and statistical correlations between those words, to translate or to recognise speech. But correlation is not causation. Do these statistical data-dredgings give any insight into how language works? Or are they a mere big-number trick, useful but adding nothing to understanding? One who holds the latter view is the theorist of language Noam Chomsky. Peter Norvig disagrees.
Small Molecule Regulation of Phosphatase-Dependent Cell Signaling Pathways (2003)

Small molecules provide exceptionally useful tools for probing signaling targets relevant for cancer and stem cell differentiation. In contrast to genetic approaches, the application of small molecules generally offers a graded and reversible disruption of a particular pathway. The vast array of theoretical chemical entities that exist in the chemical universe are now becoming available through the production and distribution of chemical libraries generated by both traditional and combinatorial methods, which are suitable for pharmacological use. Convenient and inexpensive cell-free and cell-based assays can be used to identify chemicals that exhibit desirable antisignaling properties. We illustrate a model of how agents targeted against signaling macromolecules involved in cancer, namely dual specificity protein phosphatases, can be identified.
Evaluation of Uniform Color Spaces Developed after the Adoption of CIELAB and CIELUV (1994)

Since the adoption of the color spaces CIELAB and CIELUV by the CIE in 1976, several other uniform spaces have been developed. We studied most of these spaces and evaluated their uniformity for small as well as larger color differences. Therefore, several criteria have been defined based on color discrimination data and appearance systems. The main difference between color spaces based on discrimination data and spaces that model appearance systems is reflected in a different size of the chroma distance unit compared with the lightness unit. If spaces based on the same kind of data (discrimination data or appearance systems) are compared with each other, they are all almost equally uniform. BFD (l:c), for example, is said to be more uniform than CMC(l:c), but, based on confidence intervals of 65%, there is no significant difference between them. If the proposed color difference formula of the CIE is compared with these distance functions, it also performs equally well. The SVF space and OSA 90 space on the other hand should be better than OSA 74. However, as opposed to what was expected, OSA 74 is slightly better; but, also in this case, the difference between the spaces is insignificant.