gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Emotional dissonance in call centre work (2010)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate new hypotheses regarding potential correlates and underpinnings of emotional dissonance experienced in call centre work. It is argued that prior attempts to measure emotional dissonance are incomplete because such measures often do not specify which emotions are actually not shown (e.g. faked, suppressed, veiled) during work. Design/methodology/approach A field study with 161 call centre agents was conducted. Positive affectivity (PA), negative affectivity (NA) of agents and customer verbal aggression were conceptualized as correlates of emotional dissonance, whereas job satisfaction, health disorders and burnout were assessed as indicators of agents' work motivation and well‐being. To investigate the emotional underpinnings of emotional dissonance the Frankfurt Emotion Work Scales (FEWS) was used and, in addition, agents were asked to report frequency, intensity and “not showing” of 15 separate emotions. Findings The results show that emotional dissonance was associated with lower work motivation and well‐being. Moreover, NA and customer aggression correlated positively whereas PA correlated negatively with emotional dissonance. Emotional dissonance measured with the FEWS was significantly related to the frequency of longing, the intensity of anger and the not showing of boredom, affection and anger. Originality/value The findings support the construct validity of the FEWS. However, based on correlations with agents' self‐rated ability to perform on a high level and interactions between NA and customer aggression that emerged only when emotion‐specific dissonance measures were analyzed, this paper suggests combining emotion‐specific dissonance measures with the FEWS in future research.
The Big Data Landscape (2014)

Now that we’ve explored a few aspects of Big Data, we’ll take a look at the broader landscape of companies that are playing a role in the Big Data ecosystem. It’s easiest to think about the Big Data landscape in terms of infrastructure and applications.
P-selectin induces the expression of tissue factor on monocytes. (1994)

P-selectin on activated platelets and stimulated endothelial cells mediates cell adhesion with monocytes and neutrophils. Since activated platelets induce tissue factor on mononuclear leukocytes, we examined the effect of P-selectin on the expression of tissue factor activity in monocytes. Purified P-selectin stimulated tissue factor expression on mononuclear leukocytes in a dose-dependent manner. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing P-selectin stimulated tissue factor procoagulant activity in purified monocytes, whereas untransfected CHO cells and CHO cells expressing E-selectin did not. Anti-P-selectin antibodies inhibited the effects of purified P-selectin and CHO cells expressing P-selectin on monocytes. Incubation of CHO cells expressing P-selectin with monocytes leads to the development of tissue factor mRNA in monocytes and to the expression of tissue factor antigen on the monocyte surface. These results indicate that P-selectin upregulates the expression of tissue factor on monocytes as well as mediates the binding of platelets and endothelial cells with monocytes and neutrophils. The binding of P-selectin to monocytes in the area of vascular injury may be a component of a mechanism that initiates thrombosis.
Highly secure strong PUF based on nonlinearity of MOSFET subthreshold operation (2012)

Silicon physical unclonable functions (PUFs) are security primitives relying on intrinsic randomness of IC manufacturing. Strong PUFs have a very large input-output space which is essential for secure authentication. Several proposed strong PUFs use timing races to produce a rich set of responses. However, these PUFs are vulnerable to machine-learning attacks due to linear separability of the output function resulting from the additive nature of timing delay along timing paths. We introduce a novel strong silicon PUF based on the exponential current-voltage behavior in subthreshold region of FET operation which injects strong nonlinearity into the response of the PUF. The PUF, which we term subthreshold current array (SCA) PUF, is implemented as a two-dimensional n×k transistor array with all devices subject to stochastic variability operating in subthreshold region. Our PUF is fundamentally different from earlier attempts to inject nonlinearity via digital control techniques, which could also be used with SCA-PUF. Voltages produced by nominally identical arrays are compared to produce a random binary response. SCA-PUF shows excellent security properties. The average inter-class Hamming distance, a measure of uniqueness, is 50.3%. The average intra-class Hamming distance, a measure of response stability, is 0.6%. Crucially, we demonstrate that the introduced PUF is much less vulnerable to modeling attacks. Using a machine-learning technique of support-vector machine with radial basis function kernel for best nonlinear learnability, we observe that “information leakage ” (rate of error reduction with learning) is much lower than for delay-based PUFs. Over a wide range of the number of observed challenge-response pairs, the error rate is 3 − 35X higher than for earlier designs. 2
HMGB1: Endogenous Danger Signaling (2008)

While foreign pathogens and their products have long been known to activate the innate immune system, the recent recognition of a group of endogenous molecules that serve a similar function has provided a framework for understanding the overlap between the inflammatory responses activated by pathogens and injury. These endogenous molecules, termed alarmins, are normal cell constituents that can be released into the extracellular milieu during states of cellular stress or damage and subsequently activate the immune system. One nuclear protein, High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), has received particular attention as fulfilling the functions of an alarmin by being involved in both infectious and non-infectious inflammatory conditions. Once released, HMGB1 signals through various receptors to activate immune cells involved in the immune process. Although initial studies demonstrated HMGB1 as a late mediator of sepsis, recent findings indicate HMGB1 to have an important role in models of non-infectious inflammation, such as autoimmunity, cancer, trauma, and ischemia reperfusion injury. Furthermore, in contrast to its pro-inflammatory functions, there is evidence that HMGB1 also has restorative effects leading to tissue repair and regeneration. The complex functions of HMGB1 as an archetypical alarmin are outlined here to review our current understanding of a molecule that holds the potential for treatment in many important human conditions.
A model for kitting operations planning (2015)

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to develop a detailed descriptive model for kitting operations, allowing resources sizing and computation of systems’ economic performances. Design/methodology/approach – A mathematical model allows to size resources, given product characteristics and production mix, and determines total system costs by assessing relevant cost items including investment costs (vehicles, containers, storage racks), direct operating costs (transport and kitting workforce, vehicles energy consumption and maintenance, quality costs), indirect operating costs (space requirements, work in process (WIP) and safety stock holding costs, administration and control). Findings – The choice of parts delivery supply to assembly lines requires a thorough economic comparison of alternatives. However, existing models are often simplistic and neglect many critical factors which affect the systems’ performances. As a consequence, industries are unsure about which system is best for their environment. This model allows assessment of the cost and suitability of kitting in any specific industrial setting. Results of the model application are case-specific and cannot be generalized, but the major impact of labour and error correction cost has been highlighted. Research limitations/implications – The model at present focusses on the in-house kitting systems based on travelling kits concept only. Although all quantitative cost drivers are included, some context-related qualitative decision factors are not yet included. The model assumes that the information about product structure and part requirements is known and that a preliminary design of the assembly system (i.e. line balancing) has been carried out. Practical implications – Production managers are given a quantitative decision tool to properly assess the implementation of kitting policies at an early decision stage. This allows exploring the trade-offs between the alternatives and properly planning the adoption of kitting systems, as well as comparing kitting with alternative material supply methods. Originality/value – With respect to previous simplified literature models, this new approach allows quantification of a number of additional factors which are critical for successful implementation of cost-effective kitting systems, including kitting errors. An exhaustive cost estimation of kitting systems in multiple, mixed-model assembly lines is thus permitted.
A paradox involving the second law of thermodynamics (1995)

A simple paradox is posed that appears to challenge the second law of thermodynamics in a blackbody plasma environment. Laboratory experiments approximating salient aspects of this system fail to resolve the paradox.
The vitamin D analogue EB 1089 prevents skeletal metastasis and prolongs survival time in nude mice transplanted with human breast cancer cells. (2000)

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D has potent antiproliferative and anti-invasive properties in vitro in cancer cells. However, its calcemic effect in vivo limits its therapeutic applications. Here, we report the efficacy of EB 1089, a low calcemic analogue of vitamin D, on the development of osteolytic bone metastases after intracardiac injection of the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 in nude mice. Animals injected with tumor cells were implanted simultaneously with osmotic minipumps containing either EB 1089 or vehicle. Both groups remained normocalcemic for the duration of the experiment. The total number of bone metastases, the mean surface area of osteolytic lesions, and tumor burden within bone per animal were markedly decreased in EB1089-treated mice. Furthermore, longitudinal analysis revealed that mice treated with EB1089 displayed a marked increase in survival and developed fewer bone lesions and less hind limb paralysis over time as compared with untreated animals. These results suggest that EB1089 may be beneficial in the prevention of metastatic bone lesions associated with human breast cancer.
Restoring BMP4 expression in vascular endothelial progenitors ameliorates maternal diabetes-induced apoptosis and neural tube defects (2020)

During mouse embryonic development, vasculogenesis initially occurs in the yolk sac, preceding neurulation. Our previous studies have demonstrated that maternal diabetes induces embryonic vasculopathy at early embryonic developmental stage by suppressing the expression of vascular growth factors including BMP4 (bone morphogenetic protein 4). This study aimed to determine whether restoring diabetes-inhibited BMP4 expression in Flk-1<sup>+</sup> progenitors effectively prevented maternal diabetes-induced embryonic vasculopathy and NTDs. Transgenic (Tg) BMP4 expression in the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (Flk-1)-positive (Flk-1<sup>+</sup>) progenitors was achieved by crossing a Floxed BMP4 Tg mouse line with the Flk-1-Cre mouse line. Non-BMP4 Tg and BMP4 Tg embryos were harvested at E8.5 to assess the expression of BMP4, markers of endoplasmic reticulum stress, and expression of the Id genes, direct targets of BMP4; and the presence of cleaved caspase 3 and 8, apoptosis, and Smad signaling. BMP4 Tg overexpression neutralized its down-regulation by maternal diabetes in E8.5 embryos. Maternal diabetes-induced Flk-1<sup>+</sup> progenitor apoptosis, impairment of blood island formation, and reduction of Flk-1<sup>+</sup> progenitor number and blood vessel density, which were reversed by BMP4 Tg expression. BMP4 Tg expression in Flk-1<sup>+</sup> progenitors blocked maternal diabetes-induced vasculopathy in early stage embryos (E7.5-E8.5) and consequently led to amelioration of maternal diabetes-induced neural tube defects (NTDs) at E10.5. BMP4 Tg expression inhibited maternal diabetes-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and caspase cascade activation in the developing neuroepithelium, and reduced neuroepithelial cell apoptosis. BMP4 Tg expression re-activated Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation and reversed maternal diabetes-suppressed Smad4 expression. BMP4 Tg expression restored Id1 and Smad6 expression inhibited by maternal diabetes. In vitro, recombinant BMP4 protein blocked high glucose-induced Flk-1<sup>+</sup> progenitor apoptosis and NTDs. These data demonstrate that BMP4 down-regulation in Flk-1<sup>+</sup> progenitors are responsible for diabetes-induced yolk sac vasculopathy, and that restoring BMP4 expression prevents vasculopathy and rescues neuroepithelial cells from cellular organelle stress, leading to NTD reduction.
Time Evolution of Resistance Drift of Magnetic Tunnel Junctions with Ultrathin AlOx Films (2009)

The degradation of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with AlOx barrier is investigated experimentally. Time evolution of current through MTJ during constant voltage stress is monitored under various stress conditions. We particularly focus on the degradation behavior, such as the power law exponent for the time evolution characteristics and degradation recovery phenomenon after the CVS interruption. The strong dependence on the stress bias polarity is observed, but we show that the common characteristics are confirmed in the data stressed under positive and negative bias stresses.
GNSS positioning in non-line-of-sight context—A survey (2016)

The reliable and accurate localization of people and vehicles is one of the challenges of intelligent transportation systems (ITS)s. This has led to a variety of technical approaches in recent years. Towards an exact positioning via Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)s the visibility of satellites is an important factor. In this paper, we review the literature regarding the positioning under non-line-of-sight conditions and analyze a range of topics from explicit modeling to empirical data collection. The variety of research indicates the growing interest in reliable and accurate localization in urban areas. Moreover, the development and application of different techniques also suggest the existence of many avenues for further exploration. Accordingly, we develop a taxonomy of the technical design for GNSS applications dealing with NLOS and a typology of the measuring instruments based on an extensive analysis of the state of the art. Thus, the goal of this work is to provide a starting point regarding the state of the art for further research activities in robust GNSS positioning.
Binding of PFOS to serum albumin and DNA: insight into the molecular toxicity of perfluorochemicals (2009)

The ion bond, van der Waals force and hydrophobic interaction contributed to PFOS binding to peptide chain of SA and to the groove bases of DNA duplex. The non-covalent interactions of PFOS with SA and DNA alter their secondary conformations, with the physiological function of SA to transport Vitamin B2 being inhibited consequently. This work provides a useful experimental method for further studying the toxigenicity of PFCs.
OBD_SecureAlert: An Anomaly Detection System for Vehicles (2016)

Vehicles can be considered as a specialized form of Cyber Physical Systems with sensors, ECU''s and actuators working together to produce a coherent behavior. With the advent of external connectivity, a larger attack surface has opened up which not only affects the passengers inside vehicles, but also people around them. One of the main causes of this increased attack surface is because of the advanced systems built on top of old and less secure common bus frameworks which lacks basic authentication mechanisms. To make such systems more secure, we approach this issue as a data analytic problem that can detect anomalous states. To accomplish that we collected data flowing between different components from real vehicles and using a Hidden Markov Model, we detect malicious behaviors and issue alerts, while a vehicle is in operation. Our evaluations using single parameter and two parameters together provide enough evidence that such techniques could be successfully used to detect anomalies in vehicles. Moreover our method could be used in new vehicles as well as older ones.
Advances in Anti-Tumor Treatments Targeting the CD47/SIRPα Axis (2020)

CD47 is an immunoglobulin that is overexpressed on the surface of many types of cancer cells. CD47 forms a signaling complex with signal-regulatory protein α (SIRPα), enabling the escape of these cancer cells from macrophage-mediated phagocytosis. In recent years, CD47 has been shown to be highly expressed by various types of solid tumors and to be associated with poor patient prognosis in various types of cancer. A growing number of studies have since demonstrated that inhibiting the CD47-SIRPα signaling pathway promotes the adaptive immune response and enhances the phagocytosis of tumor cells by macrophages. Improved understanding in this field of research could lead to the development of novel and effective anti-tumor treatments that act through the inhibition of CD47 signaling in cancer cells. In this review, we describe the structure and function of CD47, provide an overview of studies that have aimed to inhibit CD47-dependent avoidance of macrophage-mediated phagocytosis by tumor cells, and assess the potential and challenges for targeting the CD47-SIRPα signaling pathway in anti-cancer therapy.
Myostatin, a Negative Regulator of Muscle Growth, Functions by Inhibiting Myoblast Proliferation (2000)

Myostatin, a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily, has been shown to be a negative regulator of myogenesis. Here we show that myostatin functions by controlling the proliferation of muscle precursor cells. When C(2)C(12) myoblasts were incubated with myostatin, proliferation of myoblasts decreased with increasing levels of myostatin. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis revealed that myostatin prevented the progression of myoblasts from the G(1)- to S-phase of the cell cycle. Western analysis indicated that myostatin specifically up-regulated p21(Waf1, Cip1), a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, and decreased the levels and activity of Cdk2 protein in myoblasts. Furthermore, we also observed that in myoblasts treated with myostatin protein, Rb was predominately present in the hypophosphorylated form. These results suggests that, in response to myostatin signaling, there is an increase in p21 expression and a decrease in Cdk2 protein and activity thus resulting in an accumulation of hypophosphorylated Rb protein. This, in turn, leads to the arrest of myoblasts in G(1)-phase of cell cycle. Thus, we propose that the generalized muscular hyperplasia phenotype observed in animals that lack functional myostatin could be as a result of deregulated myoblast proliferation.
Enhanced physical properties of pulsed laser deposited NiO films via annealing and lithium doping for improving perovskite solar cell efficiency (2017)

Post-thermal annealing and <italic>in situ</italic> doping are adopted to tune the physical properties of PLD-NiO films.
DMDC: Delayed Memory Dependence Checking through Age-Based Filtering (2006)

One of the main challenges of modern processor design is the implementation of a scalable and efficient mechanism to detect memory access order violations as a result of out-of-order execution of memory instructions. Traditional CAM-based associative queues can be very slow and energy hungry. In this paper we introduce two new management schemes. The first one is a filtering scheme based on simple age-tracking. This scheme can easily avoid 95-98% of associative load queue (LQ) searches using only a few registers. This translates into significant power savings. More importantly, however, this filtering makes our second scheme, delayed memory dependence checking (DMDC), practical. With a small hash table, DMDC completely avoids the need for an associative LQ and relies on indexing-based checking at the commit phase and hence cuts the energy spent on LQ by an average of 95%. At an average of about 0.3%, the performance impact is negligible. When the energy cost of the increased execution time is factored in, the processor still makes net energy savings of about 3-8%, depending on the configuration and the applications
Temporal and real-time databases: a survey (1995)

A temporal database contains time-varying data. In a real-time database transactions have deadlines or timing constraints. In this paper we review the substantial research in these two previously separate areas. First we characterize the time domain; then we investigate temporal and real-time data models. We evaluate temporal and real-time query languages along several dimensions. We examine temporal and real-time DBMS implementation. Finally, we summarize major research accomplishments to date and list several unanswered research questions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Multichannel image-rejection coherent detection system (1990)

An analysis is made of and data is presented from a prototype of an image channel rejection systems for the coherent detection of densely packed wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) channels. The system can simultaneously process a number of channels with a single-local laser diode and can extract the feedback control signals required to adjust critical system parameters. Although the system operates most simply for frequency shift keying (FSK) and phase-shift keying (PSK), it also operates for all the usual modulation schemes with minor adjustments. The control system aspects of the system are not affected by laser-diode phase noise.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Drug–Target Kinetics in Drug Discovery (2017)

The development of therapies for the treatment of neurological cancer faces a number of major challenges including the synthesis of small molecule agents that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Given the likelihood that in many cases drug exposure will be lower in the CNS than in systemic circulation, it follows that strategies should be employed that can sustain target engagement at low drug concentration. Time dependent target occupancy is a function of both the drug and target concentration as well as the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters that describe the binding reaction coordinate, and sustained target occupancy can be achieved through structural modifications that increase target (re)binding and/or that decrease the rate of drug dissociation. The discovery and deployment of compounds with optimized kinetic effects requires information on the structure-kinetic relationships that modulate the kinetics of binding, and the molecular factors that control the translation of drug-target kinetics to time-dependent drug activity in the disease state. This Review first introduces the potential benefits of drug-target kinetics, such as the ability to delineate both thermodynamic and kinetic selectivity, and then describes factors, such as target vulnerability, that impact the utility of kinetic selectivity. The Review concludes with a description of a mechanistic PK/PD model that integrates drug-target kinetics into predictions of drug activity.