gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Assessing Principal Component Regression Prediction of Neurochemicals Detected with Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry (2011)

Principal component regression is a multivariate data analysis approach routinely used to predict neurochemical concentrations from in vivo fast-scan cyclic voltammetry measurements. This mathematical procedure can rapidly be employed with present day computer programming languages. Here, we evaluate several methods that can be used to evaluate and improve multivariate concentration determination. The cyclic voltammetric representation of the calculated regression vector is shown to be a valuable tool in determining whether the calculated multivariate model is chemically appropriate. The use of Cook's distance successfully identified outliers contained within in vivo fast-scan cyclic voltammetry training sets. This work also presents the first direct interpretation of a residual color plot and demonstrated the effect of peak shifts on predicted dopamine concentrations. Finally, separate analyses of smaller increments of a single continuous measurement could not be concatenated without substantial error in the predicted neurochemical concentrations due to electrode drift. Taken together, these tools allow for the construction of more robust multivariate calibration models and provide the first approach to assess the predictive ability of a procedure that is inherently impossible to validate because of the lack of in vivo standards.
Fabrication of morphological defect-free vertical electrodes using a (1 1 0) silicon-on-patterned-insulator process for micromachined capacitive inclinometers (2009)

This paper presents a novel fabrication method of scalloping-free and footing-free vertical electrodes for micromachined capacitive inclinometers with a high sensing resolution. The proposed fabrication method is based on additional crystalline wet etching of a (1 1 0) silicon that is bonded to a silicon substrate with a patterned insulator layer. The sensing electrodes, which are aligned to the (1 1 1) plane, have very smooth sidewalls because the morphological defects formed by the silicon deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) process are drastically reduced in the crystalline wet etching. The fabricated capacitive inclinometer with smooth sensing electrodes was evaluated in terms of capacitance change and resolution. The capacitance of the fabricated inclinometer is changed from −0.246 to 0.258 pF for the inclination angle (−90° to 90°). The temporal deviation of the capacitance is as small as 0.2 fF, which leads to a high resolution of 0.1° or less for ±45°.
Rheological Properties of News Inks (1985)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation G. Pangalos, J. M. Dealy, M. B. Lyne; Rheological Properties of News Inks. Journal of Rheology 1 August 1985; 29 (4): 471–491. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.549803 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Shedding and Interspecies Type Sero-reactivity of the Envelope Glycopolypeptide gp120 of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (1986)

Two glycopolypeptides with molecular weights 160,000 and 120,000 (gp120) are regularly recognized by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific antisera in lysates of cells persistently infected with HIV. In the present study, gp120 was characterized as the major envelope glycopolypeptide of HIV. Gp120 was identified as the external viral glycoprotein by radiosequencing and by its presence in purified virus. However gp120 was predominantly shed as a soluble protein into the culture fluid. Furthermore gp120 was precipitated by sera from horses infected with equine infectious anaemia virus (EIAV), but not by sera from uninfected animals. This may indicate conserved epitopes common to the envelopes of HIV and EIAV.
Horizontal Drilling and Openhole Gravel Packing with Oil-Based Fluids-An Industry Milestone (2006)

Summary An increasing number of horizontal wells requiring sand control are being gravel packed, particularly in deepwater and/or subsea environments in which completion reliability is paramount because of the prohibitively high cost of remediation. Tophole sections in many of these wells are being drilled with oil-based (OB) fluids, with the common practice of switching to water-based fluids when the reservoir drilling starts. In the last several years, some operators started using OB drilling fluids in the reservoir section as well and gravel packed them with water-based fluids. In some cases, these practices required running predrilled liners in OB fluids and subsequently displacing to water-based fluids before running in hole with the sandface screens and gravel packing. In other instances, screens could be run in hole with OB fluids in the wellbore, and gravel packing could be performed with water-based fluids. In both cases, the presence of reactive shales and/or water-sensitive productive zones can introduce serious concern, in the event that carrier-fluid losses occur into the formation during gravel packing. Although a base-oil or diesel can be used as a carrier fluid, low density of the base oil limits such applications to low-pressure/depleted wells. In this paper, we present a case history of the first successful application of drilling and completing in an all-oil environment, using a reversible OB reservoir-drilling fluid (RDF) (the filter cake of which reverses wettability from oil to water when exposed to an acidic fluid) and an OB gravel-packing fluid. The carrier fluid used in this application included a filter-cake cleanup solution in the aqueous internal phase of the OB carrier fluid, extending the application of simultaneous gravel-packing and cake-cleanup processes that have been successfully practiced in water-based-fluid environments to OB systems. The subject application was in a high-rate gas field located offshore Trinidad, with anticipated production rates in excess of 150 MM scf/D per well. Presented in the paper is the drilling and completion selection methodology based on extensive laboratory and yard testing, along with the details of the completion and recommendations for future applications based on lessons learned. A direct comparison of the all-oil drilling and completion process to water-based drilling and completion is also presented based on a case history from the same field.
Alteration of etoposide pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics by cyclosporine in a phase I trial to modulate multidrug resistance. (1992)

PURPOSE To determine the effects of high-dose cyclosporine (CsA) infusion on the pharmacokinetics of etoposide in patients with cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixteen patients were administered 20 paired courses of etoposide and CsA/etoposide. Etoposide was administered daily for three days, alone or with CsA, which was delivered by a loading dose and 3-day infusion. Etoposide was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and serum CsA by nonspecific immunoassay. Etoposide pharmacokinetics included area under the concentration-time curve (AUC), total and renal clearance (CL), half-life (T1/2), and volume of distribution at steady state (Vss). RESULTS CsA concentrations more than 2,000 ng/mL produced an increase in etoposide AUC of 80% (P less than .001), a 38% decrease in total CL (P < .01), a > twofold increase in T1/2 (P < .01), and a 46% larger Vss (P = .01) compared with etoposide alone. CsA levels ranged from 297 to 5,073 ng/mL. Higher CsA levels (< 2,000 ng/mL v > 2,000 ng/mL) resulted in greater changes in etoposide kinetics: Vss (1.4% v 46%) and T1/2 (40% v 108%). CsA produced a 38% decrease in renal and a 52% decrease in nonrenal CL of etoposide. Etoposide with CsA levels > 2,000 ng/mL produced a lower WBC count nadir (900/mm3 v 1,600/mm3) compared with baseline etoposide cycles. CONCLUSIONS High-dose CsA produces significant increases in etoposide systemic exposure and leukopenia. These pharmacokinetic changes are consistent with inhibition by CsA of the multidrug transporter P-glycoprotein in normal tissues. Etoposide doses should be reduced by 50% when used with high-dose CsA in patients with normal renal and liver function. Alterations in the disposition of other multidrug resistance (MDR)-related drugs should be expected to occur with modulation of P-glycoprotein function in clinical trials.
Cast Body Nodes for 2016 Acura NSX (2015)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Ablation casting is an emerging technology which combines traditional sand molding techniques with rapid cooling due to the use of a water soluble binder. High cooling rates and control of solidification direction allows for exceptional mechanical properties and complex shapes. Through the use of ablation, six different body node castings have been manufactured for the 2016 NSX aluminum space frame. The high mechanical properties allowed these castings to be integrated into the crash structure for energy absorption. Using the traditional casting alloy A356, target mechanical properties were 190 Mpa Yield Strength, 280 Mpa Tensile Strength and 12% min elongation. The high elongation was achieved due to the refined eutectic microstructure produced by high cooling rates. The eutectic microstructure produced by ablation was found to be Level 5 or 6 on the AFS scale. Light weighting could also be achieved when compared to traditional GDC castings. By using sand molds instead of steel dies, the nominal wall thickness was set to 4 mm instead of 5-6 mm when using traditional gravity die casting. Further light weighting was achieved by using sand cores to create complex hollow internal sections. The combination of high properties and hollow shapes made ablation cast nodes ideal for a lightweight space frame structure.</div></div>
λ Light Chain Bias Associated With Enhanced Binding and Function of Anti-HIV Env Glycoprotein Antibodies (2015)

The humoral response to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains incompletely understood. In this report, we describe biased λ light chain use during the HIV Env glycoprotein (Env) response in HIV infection and vaccination. We examined HIV Env binding (and neutralization) in the context of light chain use in subjects with acute HIV infection, chronic HIV infection, and among HIV vaccinees. In all populations tested, there was a λ chain bias for HIV Env binding antibodies, compared with other HIV antigens (such as p24) or tetanus toxoid. In subjects with chronic HIV infection, a λ bias was noted for neutralization, with λ antibodies accounting for up to 90% of all neutralization activity observed. This is the first report of antibody function in a human infection being tied to light chain use. In HIV infection, antibodies expressing λ light chains tended to have longer CDRL3s, increased light chain contact with HIV Env, and less hypermutation in the heavy chain, compared with antibodies using the κ light chain. These data also support an evolutionary model for the understanding the various κ to λ light chain ratios observed across species and suggest that the λ light chain bias against HIV provides the host an advantage in developing a more efficient humoral response.
Inhibition of junction assembly in cultured epithelial cells by hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor is concomitant with increased stability and altered phosphorylation of the soluble junctional molecules. (1997)

Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) is a mesenchymally derived glycoprotein with a strong scattering effect on epithelial cells. A receptor tyrosine kinase encoded by the met proto-oncogene has been identified as the cellular receptor for HGF/SF. Following stimulation with HGF/SF, cell scattering occurs concurrent with decreased cell-cell adhesion and disassembly of junctional components. In culture, junction formation is cell-cell contact dependent and can be regulated by modulating the Ca2+ concentrations of the growth media. Decreasing the Ca2+ concentrations below 50 microM causes rapid disassembly of junctions, whereas increasing the Ca2+ concentrations to 1.8 mM induces cell-cell contact and junction assembly. Although associated with decreased cell-cell adhesion and disassembly of the junctional complex, HGF/SF-induced scattering occurs under high extracellular Ca2+ concentrations. To gain insight into the mechanisms of HGF/SF-induced scattering of epithelial cells, we have studied the effect(s) of HGF/SF on junction assembly by examining the solubility, stability, phosphorylation, and subcellular localization of the major components of the adhering junctions, plakoglobin (Pg) and E-cadherin, in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) epithelial cells and in a MDCK cell line expressing an exogenous chimeric met receptor (CSF-MET) that scatters in response to colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1). The results have shown that in HGF/SF-stimulated MDCK cells, adhering junctions were not assembled upon induction of cell-cell contact. Immunofluorescence analyses showed that larger amounts of Pg and E-cadherin were Triton X-100 extractable, and more significantly, these proteins were homogeneously distributed along the membrane and were not concentrated at the areas of cell-cell contact. Similar results were obtained for CSF-MET expressing MDCK cells in response to CSF-1. In contrast, none of the above effects were detected in MDCK cells expressing a mutant CSF-MET chimera containing a phenylalanine substitution at tyrosine 1356 in met, which fails to scatter in response to CSF-1. When compared with the unstimulated cells, the inhibition of cell adhesion promoted by HGF/SF correlated with an increased stability of the newly synthesized soluble E-cadherin and Pg and an altered phosphorylation pattern of E-cadherin, as determined by partial proteolytic peptide mapping.
Superconductive Three-Terminal Amplifier/Discriminator (2009)

We describe a new superconductive three-terminal device that acts as a fast pulse amplifier and discriminator. The device is based on a parallel nano-wire configuration. The nano-wires are properly biased near their critical current. When a current pulse of sufficient amplitude is injected into one of the wires, a transition to the normal state of all the wires occurs, thus generating a large output current pulse. This device could be used as a pulse amplifier for signals generated by nano-wire detectors or by RSFQ circuits. The parallel nano-wire structure can be realized with the same fabrication process used for NbN Superconducting Single Photon Detector (SSPD), so its integration into the existing technology is straightforward. Here we present numerical simulations of the device, with special attention to circuit requirement for the correct operation.
Enolate-mediated 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of β-functionalized ketones with nitrile oxides: direct access to 3,4,5-trisubstituted isoxazoles (2016)

TMG-catalyzed [3 + 2] organocatalytic 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of β-functionalized ketones with nitrile oxides have been developed. This strategy could generate 3,4,5-trisubstituted isoxazoles in high yields and regioselectivities.
Ventral Neural Progenitors Switch toward an Oligodendroglial Fate in Response to Increased Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) Activity: Involvement of Sulfatase 1 in Modulating Shh Signaling in the Ventral Spinal Cord (2006)

In the embryonic chick ventral spinal cord, the initial emergence of oligodendrocytes is a relatively late event that depends on prolonged Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling. In this report, we show that specification of oligodendrocyte precursors (OLPs) from ventral Nkx2.2-expressing neural progenitors occurs precisely when these progenitors stop generating neurons, indicating that the mechanism of the neuronal/oligodendroglial switch is a common feature of ventral OLP specification. We further show that an experimental early increase in the concentration of Shh is sufficient to induce premature specification of OLPs at the expense of neuronal genesis indicating that the relative doses of Shh received by ventral progenitors determine whether they become neurons or glia. Accordingly, we observe that the Shh protein accumulates at the apical surface of Nkx2.2-expressing cells just before OLP specification, providing direct evidence that these cells are subjected to a higher concentration of the morphogen when they switch to an oligodendroglial fate. Finally, we show that this abrupt change in Shh distribution is most likely attributable to the timely activity of Sulfatase 1 (Sulf1), a secreted enzym that modulates the sulfation state of heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Sulf1 is expressed in the ventral neuroepithelium just before OLP specification, and we show that its experimental overexpression leads to apical concentration of Shh on neuroepithelial cells, a decisive event for the switch of ventral neural progenitors toward an oligodendroglial fate.
An Overview on Use of Artificial IntelligenceTechniques in Effective Security Management (2014)

The use of artificial intelligence gives new height for human being in today’s world. The different artificial intelligence techniques give rise to important application areas where human processing ability weakens. Nowadays the security is important key concern for every nation. Use of different AI techniques in security management protects against the security attacks/threads by warning the user on appropriate time. This paper consists of overview of different AI techniques useful in enhancing the security infrastructure.
NUSAP1 influences the DNA damage response by controlling BRCA1 protein levels (2014)

NUSAP1 has been reported to function in mitotic spindle assembly, chromosome segregation, and regulation of cytokinesis. In this study, we find that NUSAP1 has hitherto unknown functions in the key BRCA1-regulated pathways of double strand DNA break repair and centrosome duplication. Both these pathways are important for maintenance of genomic stability, and any defects in these pathways can cause tumorigenesis. Depletion of NUSAP1 from cells led to the suppression of double strand DNA break repair via the homologous recombination and single-strand annealing pathways. The presence of NUSAP1 was also found to be important for the control of centrosome numbers. We have found evidence that NUSAP1 plays a role in these processes through regulation of BRCA1 protein levels, and BRCA1 overexpression from a plasmid mitigates the defective phenotypes seen upon NUSAP1 depletion. We found that after NUSAP1 depletion there is a decrease in BRCA1 recruitment to ionizing radiation-induced foci. Results from this study reveal a novel association between BRCA1 and NUSAP1 and suggests a mechanism whereby NUSAP1 is involved in carcinogenesis.
TOMATO SEEDLING GROWTH AND MORPHOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO SUPPLEMENTAL LED LIGHTING RED:BLUE RATIOS UNDER VARIED DAILY SOLAR LIGHT INTEGRALS (2012)

ISHS VII International Symposium on Light in Horticultural Systems TOMATO SEEDLING GROWTH AND MORPHOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO SUPPLEMENTAL LED LIGHTING RED:BLUE RATIOS UNDER VARIED DAILY SOLAR LIGHT INTEGRALS
RAT-SQL: Relation-Aware Schema Encoding and Linking for Text-to-SQL Parsers (2020)

When translating natural language questions into SQL queries to answer questions from a database, contemporary semantic parsing models struggle to generalize to unseen database schemas. The generalization challenge lies in (a) encoding the database relations in an accessible way for the semantic parser, and (b) modeling alignment between database columns and their mentions in a given query. We present a unified framework, based on the relation-aware self-attention mechanism, to address schema encoding, schema linking, and feature representation within a text-to-SQL encoder. On the challenging Spider dataset this framework boosts the exact match accuracy to 57.2%, surpassing its best counterparts by 8.7% absolute improvement. Further augmented with BERT, it achieves the new state-of-the-art performance of 65.6% on the Spider leaderboard. In addition, we observe qualitative improvements in the model's understanding of schema linking and alignment. Our implementation will be open-sourced at
Reduction of friction and wear by grooves applied on the nanoscale polished surface in boundary lubrication conditions (2014)

The evolution of a friction surface geometry with initially directed microscale grooves on a nanoscale polished surface in ring-on-block sliding contact is studied experimentally. Reduced wear and friction is observed when the orientation of grooves coincides with the direction of sliding. A new compressive-vacuum hypothesis of friction force nature under a condition of boundary lubrication is proposed, which successfully explains the observed phenomena. Grooves supply lubricant into the contact zone and facilitate its devacuumization, which lead to substantial reduction of surface wear. The obtained results enable developing optimized roughness profiles of friction surfaces to create high-performance durable friction units.
Camera motion tracking of real bronchoscope using epipolar geometry analysis and CT-derived bronchoscopic images (2002)

This paper describes a method to track camera motion of a real endoscope by using epipolar geometry analysis and CT derived virtual endoscopic images. A navigation system for a flexible endoscope guides medical doctors by providing navigation information during endoscope examinations. This paper tries to estimate the motion from an endoscopic video image based on epipolar geometry analysis and image registration between virtual endoscopic (VE) and real endoscopic (RE) images. The method consists of three parts: (a) direct estimation of camera motion by using epipolar geometry analysis, (b) precise estimation by using image registration, and (c) detection of bubble frames for avoiding miss-registration. First we calculate optical flow patterns from two consecutive frames. The camera motion is computed by substituting the obtained flows into the epipolar equations. Then we find the observation parameter of a virtual endoscopy system that generates the most similar endoscopic view to the current RE frame. We execute these processes for all frames of RE videos except for frames where bubbles appear. We applied the proposed method to RE videos of three patients who have CT images. The experimental results show the method can track camera motion for over 500 frames continuously in the best case.