gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 345 mW Heterogeneous Many-Core Processor With an Intelligent Inference Engine for Robust Object Recognition (2010)

A heterogeneous many-core object recognition processor is proposed to realize robust and efficient object recognition on real-time video of cluttered scenes. Unlike previous approaches that simply aimed for high GOPS/W, we aim to achieve high Effective GOPS/W, or EGOPS/W, which only counts operations carried out on meaningful regions of an input image. This is achieved by the Unified Visual Attention Model (UVAM) which confines complex Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) feature extraction to meaningful object regions while rejecting meaningless background regions. The Intelligent Inference Engine (HE), a mixed-mode neuro-fuzzy inference system, performs the top-down familiarity attention of the UVAM which guides attention toward pre-learned objects. Weight perturbation-based learning of the HE ensures high attention precision through online adaptation. The SIFT recognition is accelerated by an optimized array of 420-way SIMD Vector Processing Elements, 32 MIMD Scalar Processing Elements, and 1 Feature Matching Processor. When processing 30 fps 640 × 480 video, the 50 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> object recognition processor implemented in a 0.13 μm process achieves 246 EGOPS/W, which is 46 % higher than the previous work. The average power consumption is only 345 mW.
Enhanced Efficiency of Single and Tandem Organic Solar Cells Incorporating a Diketopyrrolopyrrole‐Based Low‐Bandgap Polymer by Utilizing Combined ZnO/Polyelectrolyte Electron‐Transport Layers (2013)

Power conversion efficiency up to 8.6% is achieved for a solution-processed tandem solar cell based on a diketopyrrolopyrrole-containing polymer as the low-bandgap material after using a thin polyelectrolyte layer to modify the electron-transport ZnO layers, indicating that interfacial engineering is a useful approach to further enhancing the efficiency of tandem organic solar cells.
Fluorescence diffuse tomography for detection of RFP-expressed tumors in small animals (2007)

Conventional optical imaging is restricted with tumor size due to high tissue scattering. Labeling of tumors by fluorescent markers improves sensitivity of tumor detection thus increasing the value of optical imaging dramatically. Creation of tumor cell lines transfected with fluorescent proteins gives the possibility not only to detect tumor, but also to conduct the intravital monitoring studies. Cell lines of human melanomas Mel-P, Mel-Kor and human embryonic kidney HEK-293 Phoenix were transfected with DsRed-Express and TurboRFP genes. Emission of RFP in the long-wave optical range permits detection of the deeply located tumors, which is essential for whole-body imaging. Only special tools for turbid media imaging, such as fluorescent diffusion tomography (FDT), enable noninvasive investigation of the internal structure of biological tissue. FDT setup for monitoring of tumor growth in small animals has been created. An animal is scanned in the transilluminative configuration by low-frequency modulated light (1 kHz) from Nd:YAG laser with second harmonic generation at the 532 nm wavelength. In vivo experiments were conducted immediately after the subcutaneously injection of fluorescing cells into small animals. It was shown that FDT method allows to detect the presence of fluorescent cells in small animals and can be used for monitoring of tumor growth and anticancer drug responce.
Building a distributed authenticating CDN (2011)

In recent times, much has been made of the security, or lack thereof, utilised within Facebook's content distribution network (CDN). Their CDN is noted to enable public access to any resource via a GET request presuming the user knows the URL for the resource. This means that not only can users directly access material that they would otherwise not have access to but it also means that material that has been considered “deleted” may still be accessible. noncdn is a content distribution network designed to provide light-weight authenticated access to content stored at edge nodes with easily replicated authentication access through time limited authentication tokens. noncdn provides “volumes” as a container for handling access control and authentication nodes for generation and validation of authentication tokens. As tokens identify individuals, accesses can be logged and tracked to provide extra auditing functionality.
Exploiting the Oxygen Inhibitory Effect on UV Curing in Microfabrication: A Modified Lithography Technique (2015)

Rapid prototyping (RP) of microfluidic channels in liquid photopolymers using standard lithography (SL) involves multiple deposition steps and curing by ultraviolet (UV) light for the construction of a microstructure layer. In this work, the conflicting effect of oxygen diffusion and UV curing of liquid polyurethane methacrylate (PUMA) is investigated in microfabrication and utilized to reduce the deposition steps and to obtain a monolithic product. The conventional fabrication process is altered to control for the best use of the oxygen presence in polymerization. A novel and modified lithography technique is introduced in which a single step of PUMA coating and two steps of UV exposure are used to create a microchannel. The first exposure is maskless and incorporates oxygen diffusion into PUMA for inhibition of the polymerization of a thin layer from the top surface while the UV rays penetrate the photopolymer. The second exposure is for transferring the patterns of the microfluidic channels from the contact photomask onto the uncured material. The UV curing of PUMA as the main substrate in the presence of oxygen is characterized analytically and experimentally. A few typical elastomeric microstructures are manufactured. It is demonstrated that the obtained heights of the fabricated structures in PUMA are associated with the oxygen concentration and the UV dose. The proposed technique is promising for the RP of molds and microfluidic channels in terms of shorter processing time, fewer fabrication steps and creation of microstructure layers with higher integrity.
A Skin Detection Approach Based on Color Distance Map (2009)

We propose a reliable approach to detect skin regions that can be used in various human-related image processing applications. We use a color distance map, which itself is a grayscale image making the process simple, but still containing color information. Based on this map, we generate some skin as well as nonskin seed pixels, and then grow them to capture the appropriate regions. This approach outperforms the existing approaches in terms of segmenting solid and perfect skin regions. It does not generate much noisy segments. Moreover, it does not need any prior training session and can adapt to detect skin regions from images taken at different imaging conditions.
Studies of the reaction of thiocarbonyl-containing compounds with ketenes (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies of the reaction of thiocarbonyl-containing compounds with ketenesHarold Kohn, P. Charumilind, and Y. GopichandCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 26, 4961–4965Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00420a014https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00420a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views275Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Pivot-Shift Phenomenon During Computer-Assisted Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (2009)

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction was one of the first procedures in which computer-assisted techniques were used in orthopaedic surgery. However, the use of navigation for tunnel placement in anterior cruciate ligament surgery remains problematic, as the optimal position for placement of the tunnels is debatable. The technical specification of tunnel position is clinically relevant, but the targets and tolerances for this technical specification are poorly understood. The inability to reliably quantify knee kinematics and stability before, during, or after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction remains a problem. A navigated examination to assess knee stability could potentially close the computer-assisted surgery treatment loop by providing quantitative feedback about various reconstruction techniques. Recent iterations of navigated examinations for the assessment of stability include even complex pathologic movements, such as those detected with the pivot-shift examination. In this paper, we review conventional stability measurements of the knee and compare them with navigated techniques, with a focus on the navigated pivot-shift examination. In summary, direct intraoperative measurements and quantifications of knee stability, including the pivot-shift phenomenon, are now possible with the use of navigation. Consequently, more reproducible and clinically meaningful quantification of the pivot-shift phenomenon may allow for more accurate evaluation of various anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction techniques in the future.
Preservice teachers' uses of SMILE to enact student-generated questioning practices (2016)

Stanford mobile inquiry-based learning environment (SMILE) is a technology developed to support student learning through student-generated questioning. Literature has shown that student-generated questions can positively affect students' learning motivations and reading comprehension depending on teachers' designs of learning activities. In order to explore ways that teachers may use SMILE to support student-generated questioning practices, we piloted the technology with 26 preservice teachers. They used SMILE to enact student-generated questioning practices that elicit and use higher-order thinking in the learning process. We evaluated questions generated by teachers and reported their implementation experience with K-12 students. Our paper discusses the sense of achievement felt by both teachers and students regarding the student-generated questioning practices. It also addresses perceived satisfaction and the challenges of using SMILE to enhance student-generated questioning practices in the classroom.
FML: Fast Machine Learning for 5G mmWave Vehicular Communications (2018)

Millimeter-Wave (mmWave) bands have become the de-facto candidate for 5G vehicle-to-everything (V2X) since future vehicular systems demand Gbps links to acquire the necessary sensory information for (semi)-autonomous driving. Nevertheless, the directionality of mmWave communications and its susceptibility to blockage raise severe questions on the feasibility of mmWave vehicular communications. The dynamic nature of 5G vehicular scenarios, and the complexity of directional mmWave communication calls for higher context-awareness and adaptability. To this aim, we propose the first online learning algorithm addressing the problem of beam selection with environment-awareness in mmWave vehicular systems. In particular, we model this problem as a contextual multi-armed bandit problem. Next, we propose a lightweight context-aware online learning algorithm, namely FML, with proven performance bound and guaranteed convergence. FML exploits coarse user location information and aggregates received data to learn from and adapt to its environment. We also perform an extensive evaluation using realistic traffic patterns derived from Google Maps. Our evaluation shows that FML enables mmWave base stations to achieve near-optimal performance on average within 33 minutes of deployment by learning from the available context. Moreover, FML remains within ~ 5% of the optimal performance by swift adaptation to system changes such as blockage and traffic.
Compared Performance of High-Sensitivity Cameras Dedicated to Myocardial Perfusion SPECT: A Comprehensive Analysis of Phantom and Human Images (2012)

The performance of CZT cameras is dramatically higher than that of Anger cameras, even for human SPECT images. However, CZT cameras differ in that spatial resolution and contrast-to-noise ratio are better with the Discovery NM 530c, whereas count sensitivity is markedly higher with the DSPECT.
Beyond the handset (2002)

Service-based wireless devices like wireless telephones require users to interact with aspects of the technology beyond the hardware and software of the handset. By entering into contractual relationships with service-providers, and by using network-based services, users interact with a larger system ---one that has social and technological components. The operation of the wireless telephone requires the assimilation of heterogeneous sources of information from the device manufacturer, sales people, customer service representatives, marketing people, and members of the popular media, among others, which can easily confound users' understanding of this new class of technology. Opportunities for usability problems therefore scale beyond the handset, as do opportunities for better design. We report the results of a study of 19 novice wireless phone users who were closely tracked for the first 6 weeks after service acquisition. Taking a technology-as-system analytical approach, we describe the wireless telephony system as four socio-technical components: hardware, software, "netware," and "bizware." This particular organization of the system is intended for the practical application of designing for usability.
Increase in ovulation rate after active immunization of sheep with inhibin partially purified from bovine follicular fluid (1984)

Four Romney ewes were actively immunized with a partially purified preparation of inhibin derived from bovine follicular fluid and their ovulation rates in four successive oestrous cycles were compared with those of four ewes receiving adjuvant alone. The ovulation rates of the ewes immunized with the inhibin preparation were significantly higher than those of the control ewes (2.06 +/- 0.16 (S.E.M.) vs 1.31 +/- 0.06 ovulations/ewe, n = 4). Plasma concentrations of FSH and LH, measured in blood samples taken three times a week for 11 weeks, during which time each ewe was immunized three times, were not significantly different between the two treatment groups. These results suggest that active immunization with inhibin-enriched follicular fluid may be a potential means of increasing fecundity in sheep.
Boosting Applied to Tagging and PP Attachment (1999)

Boosting is a machine learning algorithm that is not well known in computational linguistics. We apply it to part-of-speech tagging and prepositional phrase attachment. Performance is very encouraging. We also show how to improve data quality by using boosting to identify annotation errors. 1 Introduction Boosting is a machine learning algorithm that has been applied successfully to a variety of problems, but is almost unknown in computational linguistics. We describe experiments in which we apply boosting to part-of-speech tagging and prepositional phrase attachment. Results on both PP-attachment and tagging are within sampling error of the best previous results. The current best technique for PP-attachment (backed-off density estimation) does not perform well for tagging, and the current best technique for tagging (maxent) is below state-of-the-art on PPattachment. Boosting achieves state-of-the-art performance on both tasks simultaneously. The idea of boosting is to combine many s...
Poly(<i>N</i>-vinylpyrrolidone)-Poly(dimethylsiloxane)-Based Polymersome Nanoreactors for Laccase-Catalyzed Biotransformations (2014)

Laccases (Lac) are oxidizing enzymes with a broad range of applications, for example, in soil remediation, as bleaching agent in the textile industry, and for cosmetics. Protecting the enzyme against degradation and inhibition is of great importance for many of these applications. Polymer vesicles (polymersomes) from poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)-block-poly(dimethylsiloxane)-block-poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PNVP-b-PDMS-b-PNVP) triblock copolymers were prepared and investigated as intrinsically semipermeable nanoreactors for Lac. The block copolymers allow oxygen to enter and reactive oxygen species (ROS) to leave the polymersomes. EPR spectroscopy proved that Lac can generate ROS. They could diffuse out of the polymersome and oxidize an aromatic substrate outside the vesicles. Michaelis-Menten constants Km between 60 and 143 μM and turn over numbers kcat of 0.11 to 0.18 s(-1) were determined for Lac in the nanoreactors. The molecular weight and the PDMS-to-PNVP ratio of the block copolymers influenced these apparent Michaelis-Menten parameters. Encapsulation of Lac in the polymersomes significantly protected the enzyme against enzymatic degradation and against small inhibitors: proteinase K caused 90% less degradation and the inhibitor sodium azide did not affect the enzyme's activity. Therefore, these polymer nanoreactors are an effective means to stabilize laccase.
Molecularly Regulated Reversible DNA Polymerization (2016)

Natural polymers are synthesized and decomposed under physiological conditions. However, it is challenging to develop synthetic polymers whose formation and reversibility can be both controlled under physiological conditions. Here we show that both linear and branched DNA polymers can be synthesized via molecular hybridization in aqueous solutions, on the particle surface, and in the extracellular matrix (ECM) without the involvement of any harsh conditions. More importantly, these polymers can be effectively reversed to dissociate under the control of molecular triggers. Since nucleic acids can be conjugated with various molecules or materials, we anticipate that molecularly regulated reversible DNA polymerization holds potential for broad biological and biomedical applications.
Accelerating Recurrent Neural Network Language Model Based Online Speech Recognition System (2018)

This paper presents methods to accelerate recurrent neural network based language models (RNNLMs) for online speech recognition systems. Firstly, a lossy compression of the past hidden layer outputs (history vector) with caching is introduced in order to reduce the number of LM queries. Next, RNNLM computations are deployed in a CPU-GPU hybrid manner, which computes each layer of the model on a more advantageous platform. The added overhead by data exchanges between CPU and GPU is compensated through a frame-wise batching strategy. The performance of the proposed methods evaluated on LibriSpeech <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> test sets indicates that the reduction in history vector precision improves the average recognition speed by 1.23 times with minimum degradation in accuracy. On the other hand, the CPU-GPU hybrid parallelization enables RNNLM based real-time recognition with a four times improvement in speed.
Hölder and L P Estamtes for the ∂-Operator on Polycylinders (2010)

Holder estimates are used to obtain L p estmates for the ∂-operator and to solve the Holder-Gleason problem on admissible polycylinders.
The promise of the gut metabolite propionate for a novel and personalized lipid-lowering treatment (2021)

The promise of the gut metabolite
Stem cell-synthesized extracellular matrix for bone repair (2010)

This study investigated the potential use of stem cell-synthesized extracellular matrix (ECM) as a bone graft replacement therapy. ECM was synthesized by both mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and amniotic fluid stem cells (AFS cells) and decellularized via freeze-thaw cycling and DNase treatment. A series of in vitro studies were performed to evaluate the effect of the ECM on cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. Reseeded MSCs were able to attach to and proliferate on both ECM types in both 2D and 3D culture. In 2D, cells cultured on both ECM types showed increased levels of calcium deposition. In 3D, both ECM types increased the mineralized matrix production of reseeded MSCs, with the ECM produced by the AFS cells inducing a greater amount of mineralized matrix formation than the MSC synthesized ECM. Both ECM types were used to treat a rat femoral segmental defect in vivo. Each ECM type increased the rate of bridging of the defect when compared to collagen coated scaffolds. However, the presence of the ECM did not have a significant effect on the volume of mineralized matrix within the defect site in this study.
Liquid Sensing Using WiFi Signals (2021)

The popularity of Internet-of-Things (IoT) has provided us with unprecedented opportunities to enable a variety of emerging services in a smart home environment. Among those services, sensing the liquid level in a container is critical to building many smart home and mobile healthcare applications that improve the quality of life. This paper presents LiquidSense, a liquid-level sensing system that is low-cost, high accuracy, widely applicable to different daily liquids and containers, and can be easily integrated with existing smart home networks. LiquidSense uses an existing home WiFi network and a low-cost transducer that attached to the container to sense the resonance of the container for liquid level detection. In particular, our system mounts a low-cost transducer on the surface of the container and emits a well-designed chirp signal to make the container resonant, which introduces subtle changes to the home WiFi signals. By analyzing the subtle phase changes of the WiFi signals, LiquidSense extracts the resonance frequency as a feature for liquid level detection. Our system constructs prediction models for both continuous and discrete predictions using curve fitting and SVM respectively. We evaluate LiquidSense in home environments with containers of three different materials and six types of liquids. Results show that LiquidSense achieves an overall accuracy of 97% for continuous prediction and an overall F-score of 0.968 for discrete prediction. Results also show that our system has a large coverage in a home environment and works well under non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios.
Epstein–Barr virus-specific adoptive immunotherapy for progressive multiple sclerosis (2014)

Defective control of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection by cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells might predispose to multiple sclerosis (MS) by allowing EBV-infected autoreactive B cells to accumulate in the central nervous system. We have treated a patient with secondary progressive MS with in vitro-expanded autologous EBV-specific CD8(+) T cells directed against viral latent proteins. This adoptive immunotherapy had no adverse effects and the patient showed clinical improvement with reduced disease activity on magnetic resonance imaging and decreased intrathecal immunoglobulin production. This is the first report of the use of EBV-specific adoptive immunotherapy to treat MS or any other autoimmune disease.