gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of .beta.-carboline-benzodiazepine hybrid molecules: use of the known structural requirements for benzodiazepine and .beta.-carboline binding in designing a novel, high-affinity ligand for the benzodiazepine receptor (1987)

Hybrid molecules incorporating pharmacologically important structural features of both 3-carboxy-beta-carbolines and 1,4-benzodiazepines were synthesized, and their affinities for the benzodiazepine receptor were determined in vitro. One of these hybrids, 8,14-dioxo-13,14-dihydro-8H-indolo[3',2':4,5]pyrido[2,1-c] [1,4]benzodiazepine (13), demonstrated high affinity for the receptor, displacing both benzodiazepines (IC50 = 23 nM) and beta-carbolines (IC50 = 47 nM) from their binding sites. Of the compounds synthesized, 13 also most closely satisfied the structural requirements that generally ensure a high affinity of both beta-carbolines and benzodiazepines for the receptor (e.g., aromaticity of the beta-carboline, presence of a carbonyl at C-3 of the beta-carboline and of a pi 2-region on the benzodiazepine). The hybrids not fulfilling these requirements had no affinity for the receptor. In vivo pharmacological properties of 13 could not be demonstrated because of its metabolic instability and/or its poor transport into the brain. The results are discussed in terms of a possible overlapping of beta-carboline binding sites with those of benzodiazepines on the receptor.
Anonymity notions and techniques for public‐key infrastructures in vehicular networks (2010)

Abstract As vehicular networks approach deployment phases, there is wide recognition for challenges and pressing needs for solutions with respect to the areas of security, privacy, and performance. The requirement of participation in applications such as traffic safety, combined with the intrinsically ad hoc network environment, poses rather novel challenges to the modeling, design, and analysis of security solutions for vehicular networks. One particularly stringent requirement in this area is that of protecting the privacy of vehicle owners (i.e., their anonymity and their vehicle's location unlinkability) during their participation in a vehicular network such as in traffic safety applications. In this paper, we present novel models of concrete anonymity and unlinkability requirements for vehicular networks that can be built using state‐of‐the‐art options for communication network deployment (e.g., road‐side short‐range radio networks and hotspot networks). One key aspect of our modeling consists of recognizing the existence and impact of additional certification authorities managed by vehicle manufacturers. In particular, we consider a simple variant of a previously proposed public‐key infrastructure (PKI) for vehicular networks and present two techniques to augment it so that it provides improved anonymity and unlinkability properties. The resulting vehicular‐network key infrastructures satisfy desirable combinations of anonymity, unlinkability, bad actor detection, and performance requirements. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Visuo-haptic environment perception for autonomous robotic systems (2016)

Visuo-haptic perception is an essential ability for autonomous robots that operate in so-called unstructured environments. This work presents approaches for multimodal object/scene modeling and corresponding planning methods, which integrate haptic and visual data for navigation tasks, joint acquisition of object geometry and manipulation of deformable thin-walled objects. Furthermore, a visuo-haptic sensor is proposed, which acquires forces and contact profiles using an external camera that tracks the deformation of a passive elastic element.
A mechanistic study of syngas conversion to light olefins over OXZEO bifunctional catalysts: insights into the initial carbon–carbon bond formation on the oxide (2021)

NMR experiments reveal a mechanism of syngas conversion in which CO reacts with OCH 3 on the oxide surface, generating ketene intermediates, which can either form acetate or diffuse into zeolite.
Two-dimensional atomic lithography by submicrometer focusing of atomic beams (2006)

We analyze a method for serial writing of arbitrary two-dimensional patterns using optical focusing of a collimated atomic beam. A spatial light modulator is used in a side illumination geometry to create a localized optical spot with secondary maxima that are well separated from the central peak. Numerical simulation of a lithography experiment using a magneto-optical trap as a source of cold Cs atoms, collimation and cooling in a magnetic guide, and optical focusing predicts FWHM pixel sizes of 110×110 nm and writing times of ∼20 ms/pixel.
Nanostructured Manganese Oxide Supported on Carbon Nanotubes for Electrocatalytic Water Splitting (2012)

Abstract Incipient wetness impregnation and a novel deposition symproportionation precipitation were used for the preparation of MnO x /CNT electrocatalysts for efficient water splitting. Nanostructured manganese oxides have been dispersed on commercial carbon nanotubes as a result of both preparation methods. A strong influence of the preparation history on the electrocatalytic performance was observed. The as‐prepared state of a 6.5 wt. % MnO x /CNT sample could be comprehensively characterized by comparison to an unsupported MnO x reference sample. Various characterization techniques revealed distinct differences in the oxidation state of the Mn centers in the as‐prepared samples as a result of the two different preparation methods. As expected, the oxidation state is higher and near +4 for the symproportionated MnO x compared to the impregnated sample, where +2 was found. In both cases an easy adjustability of the oxidation state of Mn by post‐treatment of the catalysts was observed as a function of oxygen partial pressure and temperature. Similar adjustments of the oxidation state are also expected to happen under water splitting conditions. In particular, the 5 wt. % MnO/CNT sample obtained by conventional impregnation was identified as a promising catalytic anode material for water electrolysis at neutral pH showing high activity and stability. Importantly, this catalytic material is comparable to state‐of‐art MnO x catalyst operating in strongly alkaline solutions and, therefore, offers advantages for hydrogen production from waste and sea water under neutral, hence, environmentally benign conditions.
Cell identification using single beam lensless imaging with pseudo-random phase encoding (2016)

In this Letter, we propose a novel compact optical system for automated cell identification. Our system employs pseudo-random encoding of the light modulated by the cells under inspection to capture the unique opto-biological signature of the micro-organisms by an image sensor and without using a microscope objective lens to magnify the object beam. The proposed instrument can be fabricated using a compact light source, a thin diffuser, and an image sensor connected to computational hardware; thus, it can be compact and cost effective. Experiments are presented using the proposed system to identify and classify various micro-objects and demonstrate proof of concept. The captured opto-biological signature pattern can be attributed to the micro-object's morphology, size, sub-cellular complex structure, index of refraction, internal material composition, etc. Using the captured signature of the micro-object, we extract statistical features such as mean, variance, skewness, kurtosis, entropy, and correlation coefficients for cell identification using the random forest classifier. For comparison, similar identification experiments were repeated with a digital shearing interferometer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on automated cell identification using the proposed approach.
Anti-Inflammatory Lactobacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-3690 Strain Protects against Oxidative Stress and Increases Lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans (2012)

Numerous studies have shown that resistance to oxidative stress is crucial to stay healthy and to reduce the adverse effects of aging. Accordingly, nutritional interventions using antioxidant food-grade compounds or food products are currently an interesting option to help improve health and quality of life in the elderly. Live lactic acid bacteria (LAB) administered in food, such as probiotics, may be good antioxidant candidates. Nevertheless, information about LAB-induced oxidative stress protection is scarce. To identify and characterize new potential antioxidant probiotic strains, we have developed a new functional screening method using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as host. C. elegans were fed on different LAB strains (78 in total) and nematode viability was assessed after oxidative stress (3 mM and 5 mM H(2)O(2)). One strain, identified as Lactobacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-3690, protected worms by increasing their viability by 30% and, also, increased average worm lifespan by 20%. Moreover, transcriptomic analysis of C. elegans fed with this strain showed that increased lifespan is correlated with differential expression of the DAF-16/insulin-like pathway, which is highly conserved in humans. This strain also had a clear anti-inflammatory profile when co-cultured with HT-29 cells, stimulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines, and co-culture systems with HT-29 cells and DC in the presence of LPS. Finally, this Lactobacillus strain reduced inflammation in a murine model of colitis. This work suggests that C. elegans is a fast, predictive and convenient screening tool to identify new potential antioxidant probiotic strains for subsequent use in humans.
Deactivation of a vinyl acetate catalyst (1994)

Abstract Kinetic studies as well as morphological and physico‐chemical surface studies have been carried out on the deactivation of a palladium carrier catalyst for vinyl acetate synthesis in the ethylene gas phase process. The experiments cover concentration and temperature ranges of technical interest at a total pressure of 900 kPa. The deactivation rate depends on the temperature and the oxygen and acetic acid concentrations. The decline in activity is best described by a rate law of second order relative to the activity number. This behaviour is attributed to the observed aggregation of finely dispersed palladium. It can be concluded that palladium(II) acetate acts as a transport species in a chemically assisted sintering mechanism. At temperatures T ≤ 438 K the more advantageous final texture of the catalyst will only be formed on reaction.
An experimental and theoretical study of a porous-matrix combustor-heater (1992)

The surface combustor-heater is a combined combustion/heat-transfer device in which the heat-exchange surfaces are embedded in a stationary bed (porous matrix) of refractory material where gaseous fuel is burned. An experiment is being conducted on a 60-kWth benchscale surface combustor-heater to evaluate its performance and explore the mechanism of combined convectiveradiative heat transfer and its interaction with combustion in the porous matrix. To support the ongoing experimental program at IGT and to aid in scale-up of the small laboratory test stand to a commercial-size unit, a parallel theoretical model development is being pursued. A preliminary analytical study has established the feasibility of such a model. The primary objective of the research is to develop a theoretical computational model to simulate combustion and heat transfer in the porous bed and to predict convection conduction-radiation heat transfer in the combustor heater. The validated computer program will be used for parametric studies and scale-up calculations.
CO/sub 2/ removal from gaseous streams (1984)

Carbon dioxide is removed from a gaseous stream by contacting the stream with an adsorbent prepared by impregnating a porous aluminum with an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal oxide or salt decomposable upon calcination and subsequently calcining the impregnated alumina at about 350/sup 0/ C.-700/sup 0/ C.
Human embryonic germ cell derivatives express a broad range of developmentally distinct markers and proliferate extensively <i>in vitro</i> (2000)

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have been derived from the inner cell mass cells of blastocysts (embryonic stem cells) and primordial germ cells of the developing gonadal ridge (embryonic germ cells). Like their mouse counterparts, hPSCs can be maintained in culture in an undifferentiated state and, upon differentiation, generate a wide variety of cell types. Embryoid body (EB) formation is a requisite step in the process of in vitro differentiation of these stem cells and has been used to derive neurons and glia, vascular endothelium, hematopoietic cells, cardiomyocytes, and glucose-responsive insulin-producing cells from mouse PSCs. EBs generated from human embryonic germ cell cultures have also been found to contain a wide variety of cell types, including neural cells, vascular endothelium, muscle cells, and endodermal derivatives. Here, we report the isolation and culture of cells from human EBs as well as a characterization of their gene expression during growth in several different culture environments. These heterogeneous cell cultures are capable of robust and long-term [>70 population doublings (PD)] proliferation in culture, have normal karyotypes, and can be cryopreserved, clonally isolated, and stably transfected. Cell cultures and clonal lines retain a broad pattern of gene expression including simultaneous expression of markers normally associated with cells of neural, vascular/hematopoietic, muscle, and endoderm lineages. The growth and expression characteristics of these EB-derived cells suggest that they are relatively uncommitted precursor or progenitor cells. EB-derived cells may be suited to studies of human cell differentiation and may play a role in future transplantation therapies.
Design of a cased-hole-density logging tool. Phase 1. Topical report, June 1993-June 1995 (1995)

The objective of this project is to design and develop a commercial, cased-hole density tool. The tool must be capable of measuring formation densities behind casing and cement. The project is divided into three phases. Phase 1 will determine the optimum tool design and evaluate its effectiveness.
The Race for the Photonic Chip: Colloidal Crystal Assembly in Silicon Wafers (2001)

This paper surveys recent developments in engineering physics approaches and self-assembly chemistry methodologies for creating 3D photonic crystals and how this has led to in-wafer patterned colloidal crystals. These materials are comprised of single crystal micrometer scale features of silica colloidal crystals that have controlled thickness, area, and orientation and are embedded within a single crystal silicon wafer. Two processes for growing opal-patterned chips are described. One is based upon microfluidic and the other spin coating driven self-assembly of colloidal silica micro-spheres within a lithographic patterned silicon wafer.
Optimizing cursor movement in holistic twig joins (2005)

Holistic twig join algorithms represent the state of the art for evaluating path expressions in XML queries. Using inverted indexes on XML elements, holistic twig joins move a set of index cursors in a coordinated way to quickly find structural matches. Because each cursor move can trigger I/O, the performance of a holistic twig join is largely determined by how many cursor moves it makes, yet, surprisingly, existing join algorithms have not been optimized along these lines. In this paper, we describe TwigOptimal, a new holistic twig join algorithm with optimal cursor movement. We sketch the proof of TwigOptimal's optimality, and describe how TwigOptimal can use information in the return clause of XQuery to boost its performance. Finally, experimental results are presented, showing TwigOptimal's superiority over existing holistic twig join algorithms.
Demonstration of a self-mixing displacement sensor based on terahertz quantum cascade lasers (2011)

There has been growing interest in the use of terahertz (THz) quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) for sensing applications. However, the lack of compact and sensitive THz detectors has limited the potential for commercial exploitation of sensors based on these devices. We have developed a self-mixing sensing technique in which THz QCLs are used for both generation and interferometric sensing of THz radiation, eliminating the need for a separate detector. Using this technique, we have measured the displacement of a remote target, both with and without opaque (in the visible spectrum) materials in the beam path and demonstrated a stand-off distance of up to 7 m in air.
Multiband Electromagnetic-Bandgap Structures for Applications in Small Form-Factor Multichip Module Packages (2008)

The design and implementation of package-level electromagnetic-bandgap (EBG) structures is presented. By using spiral-based inductance-enhanced electromagnetic-bandgap structures (IE-EBGs), the relative periodicity for achieving bandgap at extremely low frequencies is substantially reduced in comparison to traditional EBGs. Using both full-wave electromagnetic simulation and experimental characterization, it is demonstrated that this type of structure can exhibit multiple bandgaps, which are individually tunable through variation of the inductance per unit area and/or the unit cell periodicity. Sample structures with dimensions compatible with today's microprocessor packaging technology are designed and fabricated in a multilayer organic flip-chip ball-grid array package substrate. These package-embedded IE-EBGs have unit cell dimensions less than 750 mum and exhibit the first forbidden bandgaps for electromagnetic wave propagation below 10 GHz, which is a frequency band of interest for commercial wireless communication systems.
A Homogeneous, High-Throughput Assay for Phosphatidylinositol 5-Phosphate 4-Kinase with a Novel, Rapid Substrate Preparation (2013)

Phosphoinositide kinases regulate diverse cellular functions and are important targets for therapeutic development for diseases, such as diabetes and cancer. Preparation of the lipid substrate is crucial for the development of a robust and miniaturizable lipid kinase assay. Enzymatic assays for phosphoinositide kinases often use lipid substrates prepared from lyophilized lipid preparations by sonication, which result in variability in the liposome size from preparation to preparation. Herein, we report a homogeneous 1536-well luciferase-coupled bioluminescence assay for PI5P4Kα. The substrate preparation is novel and allows the rapid production of a DMSO-containing substrate solution without the need for lengthy liposome preparation protocols, thus enabling the scale-up of this traditionally difficult type of assay. The Z'-factor value was greater than 0.7 for the PI5P4Kα assay, indicating its suitability for high-throughput screening applications. Tyrphostin AG-82 had been identified as an inhibitor of PI5P4Kα by assessing the degree of phospho transfer of γ-(32)P-ATP to PI5P; its inhibitory activity against PI5P4Kα was confirmed in the present miniaturized assay. From a pilot screen of a library of bioactive compounds, another tyrphostin, I-OMe tyrphostin AG-538 (I-OMe-AG-538), was identified as an ATP-competitive inhibitor of PI5P4Kα with an IC(50) of 1 µM, affirming the suitability of the assay for inhibitor discovery campaigns. This homogeneous assay may apply to other lipid kinases and should help in the identification of leads for this class of enzymes by enabling high-throughput screening efforts.
UV Curable Silicone Release Coatings and Controlled Release Additives (1990)

A background discussion of silicone release coatings is presented together with efforts to develop controlled release additives for photolytically cured systems A theory of release that correlates release, surface tension, and resin func tionality is presented Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) depth profiling has been used to determine the location of CRAs in cured coatings The CRAs were found to be uniformly distributed throughout the coating without preferential segregation at the air or adhesive interfaces Tight release is not obtained without CRAs suggesting that a minimum concentration at the surface which is necessary, is not greater than that found in the bulk.
Enhanced Interpretation of Chest Radiographs:Application of Rib-Contrast Suppression Processing in Conjunction with Low-Energy X-rays Imaging (2013)

Poster: ECR 2013 / C-1313 / Enhanced Interpretation of Chest Radiographs:Application of Rib-Contrast Suppression Processing in Conjunction with Low-Energy X-rays Imaging by: X. Wang1, Z. Huo2, S. Richard1, D. Foos1; 1Rochester, NY/US, 2Rochester/US
Exosomes from Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Epidermal Barrier Repair by Inducing de Novo Synthesis of Ceramides in Atopic Dermatitis (2020)

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifactorial, heterogeneous disease associated with epidermal barrier disruption and intense systemic inflammation. Previously, we showed that exosomes derived from human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASC-exosomes) attenuate AD-like symptoms by reducing multiple inflammatory cytokine levels. Here, we investigated ASC-exosomes' effects on skin barrier restoration by analyzing protein and lipid contents. We found that subcutaneous injection of ASC-exosomes in an oxazolone-induced dermatitis model remarkably reduced trans-epidermal water loss, while enhancing stratum corneum (SC) hydration and markedly decreasing the levels of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-17, and TSLP, all in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, ASC-exosomes induced the production of ceramides and dihydroceramides. Electron microscopic analysis revealed enhanced epidermal lamellar bodies and formation of lamellar layer at the interface of the SC and stratum granulosum with ASC-exosomes treatment. Deep RNA sequencing analysis of skin lesions demonstrated that ASC-exosomes restores the expression of genes involved in skin barrier, lipid metabolism, cell cycle, and inflammatory response in the diseased area. Collectively, our results suggest that ASC-exosomes effectively restore epidermal barrier functions in AD by facilitating the de novo synthesis of ceramides, resulting in a promising cell-free therapeutic option for treating AD.
A Parallelization Framework for High Throughput Entropy Coding (2015)

We propose a general framework for parallel entropy coding in media compression, which preserves compression efficiency, and is well matched to future generations of general-purpose or custom processors. Similarly to some previous parallelization methods, it is based on the fact that optimal compression is not affected by the arrangement of coded bits, but it goes further in exploiting the decreasing cost of data processing and memory. We use finite-state-machine models for identifying the best manner of separating data into segments that can be processed independently, while minimizing compression losses. Additional advantages include the ability to use, within this framework, increasingly more complex data modeling techniques, and the freedom to mix different types of coding. We confirm the parallelization effectiveness using coding simulations that run on multi-core processors, and show how throughput scales with the number of cores.