gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protein phosphatase 2A dysfunction in Alzheimerâ€™s disease (2014)

Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a large family of enzymes that account for the majority of brain Ser/Thr phosphatase activity. While PP2A enzymes collectively modulate most cellular processes, sophisticated regulatory mechanisms are ultimately responsible for ensuring isoform-specific substrate specificity. Of particular interest to the Alzheimer's disease (AD) field, alterations in PP2A regulators and PP2A catalytic activity, subunit expression, methylation and/or phosphorylation, have been reported in AD-affected brain regions. "PP2A" dysfunction has been linked to tau hyperphosphorylation, amyloidogenesis and synaptic deficits that are pathological hallmarks of this neurodegenerative disorder. Deregulation of PP2A enzymes also affects the activity of many Ser/Thr protein kinases implicated in AD. This review will more specifically discuss the role of the PP2A/Bα holoenzyme and PP2A methylation in AD pathogenesis. The PP2A/Bα isoform binds to tau and is the primary tau phosphatase. Its deregulation correlates with increased tau phosphorylation in vivo and in AD. Disruption of PP2A/Bα-tau protein interactions likely contribute to tau deregulation in AD. Significantly, alterations in one-carbon metabolism that impair PP2A methylation are associated with increased risk for sporadic AD, and enhanced AD-like pathology in animal models. Experimental studies have linked deregulation of PP2A methylation with down-regulation of PP2A/Bα, enhanced phosphorylation of tau and amyloid precursor protein, tau mislocalization, microtubule destabilization and neuritic defects. While it remains unclear what are the primary events that underlie "PP2A" dysfunction in AD, deregulation of PP2A enzymes definitely affects key players in the pathogenic process. As such, there is growing interest in developing PP2A-centric therapies for AD, but this may be a daunting task without a better understanding of the regulation and function of specific PP2A enzymes.
The use of some Gaelic songs and poetry in The Cheviot, the Stag and the Black Black Oil (2012)

an interactive and popularised version of historical exploitation in the Highlands to the communities for which its subject most closely related. Indeed, its message and use of Gaelic songs and some Gaelic dialogue, along with the encouragement to resist exploitation, can be seen to form a part in the beginnings of Scotland’s ‘Gaelic Renaissance ’ (Macdonald 1997, pp. 69-71). The early 1970s saw the establishment of the West Highland Free Press and Sabhal Mòr Ostaig and increasing demands for provision for the language (MacKinnon 1974, pp. 105-110). The Cheviot is, of course, much studied and yet, despite the perceived Gaelic renaissance just referred to, the appearance of the Gaelic songs and poetry in the play usually merits not much more than passing reference. They appear without English translation in the most recent published edition. Yet, this is a living language in Scotland and the songs deserve the attention of those interested in The Cheviot. One can justifiably celebrate McGrath’s use of Gaelic at a time when activists were forced to fight with reluctant local authorities, the BBC and so on, to push through improvements to paltry or non-existent media, education, road sign provision
Foundation Clinical Nursing Skills (2009)

Abstract First year nursing students require a firm foundation in clinical skills in order to succeed on placement, and in their studies. It is not enough to know how to perform a skill - today's students must understand how clinical skills link to biology, holistic care, safety and clinical evidence before they can undertake and master skills on placement. When starting out, it has been difficult to link theory to practice, especially across a range of patients, until now! Foundation Clinical Nursing Skills provides a clear introduction to both the knowledge and practical procedures that first year nursing students require. Without assuming prior knowledge, the authors carefully describe each element of a skill and demonstrate how it should be performed correctly on any patient and in any setting. Covering the NMC's Essential Skills Clusters for first year students, straightforward language explains the biology, evidence-base and rationale so students know why to perform each skill in that way. Colour illustrations and selected video clips show students how to perform a skill. Scenarios and tips show how care is given to children, adults and those people with learning disabilities or experiencing mental health problems. Examples are taken from community and hospital settings ensuring students can deliver skills on every placement. Supporting evidence, protocols and guidelines are reviewed and updated every three months on our free dedicated Online Resource Centre (which includes extra activities and teaching tools). Designed specifically to help first year students get off to the best start possible, Foundation Clinical Nursing Skills provides a high quality and student friendly account of the skills that are required at this stage of the course. On the Online Resource Centre: For registered lecturers and mentors: - Tips for teaching and assessing clinical skills - Figures from the book, ready to download and use in teaching material For students: - Evidence, guidelines and protocols, reviewed and updated every three months - Video demonstration of key skills - Over forty interactive scenarios and fifty interactive self-test questions - Active web links provide a gateway to the articles cited in the book - Flashcard glossary to help learn key terms - Links to useful websites
Bone marrows of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients with a bcl-2 translocation can be purged of polymerase chain reaction-detectable lymphoma cells using monoclonal antibodies and immunomagnetic bead depletion (1992)

Using the extremely sensitive technique of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect the bcl-2 translocation, only 50% of bone marrows could be purged of PCR-detectable lymphoma cells using a cocktail of three anti-B-cell monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) and complement-mediated lysis. This observation is of clinical importance because those patients whose reinfused marrows harbored residual lymphoma cells showed a significantly increased incidence of relapse. To improve purging, we used PCR detection of the bcl-2 translocation to compare the efficiency of complement-mediated lysis with immunomagnetic bead depletion. Using either a three or a four MoAb cocktail followed by immunomagnetic bead depletion, all PCR-detectable cells were purged after three cycles of treatment. In these same patient samples, treatment with three MoAbs and complement purged only 11 of the 25 (44%) samples. The addition of a fourth MoAb followed by complement lysis purged the marrows of only an additional five patients. Immunomagnetic bead depletion was specific because there was no loss of committed myeloid progenitor cells. The above results suggest that immunomagnetic bead depletion of the harvested marrow will likely be superior to our previous method of purging and the lack of nonspecific toxicity to myeloid progenitor cells predicts that it will not impair engraftment. This methodology will now be used to determine whether the reinfusion of lymphoma free marrow affects the incidence of relapse after autologous bone marrow transplantation.
Error analysis for the seismic PDA tracker (1995)

Abstract A new method for assessing the accuracy of a seismic event tracking algorithm is presented. Currently, the accuracy of automatic event tracking algorithms is assessed by the interpreter without the aid of any tracker error analysis. It is clear that a method for mathematically analyzing the tracker accuracy is important, and the method described here enables an accurate assessment of the tracker confidence. The tracking of seismic events through 3-D data sets using probabilistic data association (PDA) is a recently developed technique. The method requires the correlation of information from trackers working in two perpendicular directions, and diagonally, and also from trackers working forward and backward through the data set. The information contained in the covariance matrix, which forms part of the standard Kalman filter model, may be used in the tracking of seismic events using PDA. The importance of this information is two-fold--it gives an indication of the confidence of the tracker over a particular seismic event, and it may be used to improve the correlation of the tracker information. The relevant Kalman filter theory will be presented, and its use in analyzing the tracker errors and in improving the tracker correlation will be explained. It is clear from the examples presented that the tracker correlation, and hence the overall accuracy of the tracker, may be improved, and that the tracker confidence may be obtained.
Digital Twins: The Convergence of Multimedia Technologies (2018)

Originally developed to improve manufacturing processes, digital twins are being redefined as digital replications of living as well as nonliving entities that enable data to be seamlessly transmitted between the physical and virtual worlds. Digital twins facilitate the means to monitor, understand, and optimize the functions of all physical entities and for humans provide continuous feedback to improve quality of life and well-being.
La contraccezione d'emergenza (2006)

A specific formulation has been approved for use in Italy for emergency contraception (EC) in 2000. As expected, marketing of this levonorgestrel (LNG) only formulation has been accompanied by an increased interest and, often, controversies leading to even strong opposition on part of those ethically opposed to use of any method that may act after fertilization. At present, several trials on exact mechanism of action and safety have been conducted, giving good reason for simplifying access, providing it free or over counter, in several European countries. EC, also known as the morning after pill or postcoital contraception, is a modality of preventing establishment of an unwanted pregnancy after unprotected intercourse and thus, probably, of reducing number of voluntary pregnancy terminations. Two different forms are available: hormonal and intrauterine. Hormonal estrogen only EC was first proposed in '60s and in 1974 Yuzpe following his studies proposed for first time his combined regimen, that showed better efficacy and lower side effects. More recently, a new regimen, consisting of LNG, administered alone at dose of 1.5 mg, was introduced and found in clinical trials to be more effective than Yuzpe regimen, if taken as early as possible, within 72 h, thereby replacing latter in common use. Mechanism of action of both hormonal preparations used for EC is inhibiting or delaying ovulation, therefore a prefertitiation action. No effect has been reported on process of implantation nor on an ongoing pregnancy. The WHO have developed a third regimen based on use of selective progesterone receptor modulator (antiprogestin) Mifepristone and conducted trials with different dosages, reporting similar efficacy and safety compared to LNG. Intrauterine EC was first proposed by Lippes in 1976. It has advantage of being effective if inserted within 5 days after unprotected intercourse and disadvantage of a greater complexity. In addition, this modality is truly interceptive, acting by preventing implantation. Pregnancy rates reported following EC using a device >300 mm2 of copper are consistently low (0.1-0.2%).
Assessing Australia’s Progress towards a National Digital Communications Strategy at December 2022 (2023)

This report, prepared by a working group of TelSoc, examines the progress during 2022 towards a national Digital Communications Strategy in Australia, using TelSoc’s report on the need for such a strategy, first published in 2020, as a basis for the dimension upon which progress might be measured. TelSoc made a similar assessment of progress in 2021. The progress assessment is an important public statement that reflects TelSoc’s beliefs in reporting and accountability in this important area of public policy.
Toward Large-Scale Integration of Carbon Nanotubes (2004)

This paper presents a large-scale assembly method to deposit discrete multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) across gaps present in an electrode array. A parametric study showed that MWCNTs dispersed in a liquid could be deposited to individually span gaps by combining an alternating current (ac) and a direct current (dc) electric field in a given ratio; it was shown that the ac field (5 MHz) serves to selectively attract and the dc field to guide individual deposition. Repeated trials demonstrated accurate, discrete, and aligned deposition at room temperature with 90% yield over an electrode array having 100 gaps.