gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Energy management and control of grid-connected wind/fuel cell/battery Hybrid Renewable Energy System (2016)

This manuscript explains an energy management and control of grid-connected Hybrid Renewable Energy System (HRES). It describes a Wind Turbine (WT) and hybrid energy storage system based on hydrogen technology (fuel cell), and battery. DC/DC converters are used to connect all the energy sources and storage system to a common DC bus. The output of DC bus is integrated to the national grid through three phase inverter to increase the continuity of power. The proposed HRES is working under classical-based supervisory control algorithm. According to the proposed algorithm, the wind is used the primary energy source to satisfy the load demands. The fuel cell is used to ensure long-term energy balance by using the hydrogen technology. The battery is utilized as a backup and high energy density device to keep the DC-bus voltage constant. The performance of the HRES is verified under real-world record of wind speed and load variations for the twenty five households at Islamabad, Pakistan. Matlab/Simulink results are provided to show the right performance of the proposed system in terms of load tracking, voltage regulation, and grid stability
Alleviating poverty with labour-based road maintenance in the semi-arid environment of the Kgalagadi District of Botswana: <i>Impacts and constraints</i> (2011)

Labour-based road maintenance has been used in many African countries to alleviate poverty in, and improve communication with, isolated communities. In Southern Africa, the Kgalagadi region, extending across parts of South Africa, Botswana and Namibia, has been a planning and development challenge to all three countries in this regard. One of the many efforts to promote development and alleviate poverty in the Botswana part of the region is a programme to introduce labour-based road maintenance to create employment. This article uses a case study to identify and discuss the socio-economic impacts of this effort. A questionnaire and rapid rural appraisal were used to collect data which were analysed using frequencies to reveal the impacts. The results show that the local people thought that the programme had made significant contributions to their incomes. However, very low wages discourage would-be labourers, reducing the potential impact. Poor implementation also makes road gangs inefficient, making it d...
Demonstration of Continuous Improvement in Open Optical Network Design by QoT Prediction using Machine Learning (2019)

We demonstrate for the first time an interactive process with QoT prediction learning design server for multi-vendor optical networks using vendor-neutral optical model parameter learning from real BER measurements, enabling continuous improvement in network efficiency.
Effects of the soluble guanylyl cyclase activator, YC‐1, on vascular tone, cyclic GMP levels and phosphodiesterase activity (1999)

The vasomotor and cyclic GMP-elevating activity of YC-1, a novel NO-independent activator of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), was studied in isolated rabbit aortic rings and compared to that of the NO donor compounds sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and NOC 18. Similarly to SNP and NOC 18, YC-1 (0.3-300 microM) caused a concentration-dependent, endothelium-independent relaxation that was greatly reduced by the sGC inhibitor 1-H-[1,2,4]oxadiazole[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ 10 microM; 59% inhibition of dilation induced by 100 microM YC-1) suggesting the activation of sGC as one mechanism of action. Preincubation with YC-1 (3 and 30 microM) significantly increased the maximal dilator responses mediated by endogenous NO in aortic rings that was released upon exposure to acetylcholine, and enhanced the dilator response to the exogenous NO-donors, SNP and NOC 18, by almost two orders of magnitude. Vasoactivity induced by SNP and YC-1 displayed different kinetics as evidenced by a longlasting inhibition by YC-1 (300 microM) on the phenylephrine (PE)-induced contractile response, which was not fully reversible even after extensive washout (150 min) of YC-1, and was accompanied by a long-lasting elevation of intracellular cyclic GMP content. In contrast, SNP (30 microM) had no effect on the vasoconstrictor potency of PE, and increases in intravascular cyclic GMP levels were readily reversed after washout of this NO donor compound. Surprisingly, YC-1 not only activated sGC, but also affected cyclic GMP metabolism, as it inhibited both cyclic GMP break down in aortic extracts and the activity of phosphodiesterase isoforms 1-5 in vitro. In conclusion, YC-1 caused persistent elevation of intravascular cyclic GMP levels in vivo by activating sGC and inhibiting cyclic GMP break down. Thus, YC-1 is a highly effective vasodilator compound with a prolonged duration of action, and mechanisms that are unprecedented for any previously known sGC activator.
Opportunities for New Therapies Based on the Natural Regulators of Complement Activation (2005)

While the complement system is an essential component of immunity, shutting down all or part of it could be beneficial in a wide range of clinical situations. Designer, small-molecule, protease inhibitors and antagonists of protein-protein interactions are under development, while an approach based on a humanized monoclonal antibody to the C5 component works effectively against the later stages of complement activation and is close to completing clinical trials. The cobra venom factor depletes plasma of essential complement components, and a humanized (nonimmunogenic) version is being sought. Perhaps the most promising approach to comprehensive complement downregulation, however, is the exploitation of innate regulators of complement activation, with two products in clinical trials. The potential for more efficacious complement blockers of this kind is growing because of better targeting, but a deeper knowledge at the atomic level of mechanisms of action of these regulators is needed to underpin a rational approach to design of still more potent complement inhibitors.
ISOZYME ANALYSIS OF MATING POPULATIONS OF<i>GONIUM PECTORALE</i>(CHLOROPHYTA)<sup>1</sup> (1991)

ABSTRACT Intraspecific variation among 36 strains of the freshwater alga Gonium pectorale Müller (Chlorophyceae) isolated from three geographically different locations in Tibet, Nepal, and Japan was investigated by isozyme analysis. Variation in isozyme patterns of eight enzyme systems (malate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, tetrazolium oxidase, lactate dehydrogenase, octanol dehydrogenase, xanthine dehydrogenase, phosphoglucomutase, and malic enzyme) of axenic and clonal cultures was revealed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Unweighted average linkage clustering, based on Jaccard's similarity coefficient, illustrated the high similarity between most strains from Nepal and all strains from the Ryukyu Islands (Japan). However, there was relatively low similarity between strains from Tibet and those from Nepal and Japan. Strains from the Ryukyu Islands (Japan) grouped into two clusters, and most Nepalese strains formed a single cluster, but Tibetan strains were heterogenous.
True Metabolizable Energy and Amino Acid Digestibility of Dehulled Soybean Meal (1981)

Five experiments were conducted to evaluate a procedure for determining true metabolizable energy (TME) and amino acid digestibility of dehulled soybean meal (DSM). The procedure consisted of fasting birds for 24 hr, force-feeding DSM, and quantitatively collecting excreta for 48 hr. In Experiment 1, feed was withdrawn from roosters fed ad libitum, and excreta were collected for 48 hr at 6-hr intervals. Results indicated that a 24-hr pre-experimental fasting period was sufficient for complete intestinal clearance of dietary residues. In Experiments 2 and 3, roosters were force-fed 25 or 50 and 20 or 40 g of DSM, respectively, and adult male turkeys were force-fed 100, 200 or 300 g of DSM in Experiment 4. Lower estimates of dry matter digestibility and TME were obtained for 48-hr compared with those of 24-hr excreta collection periods, indicating that more than 24 hr were required for complete intestinal clearance of dietary residues. Average dry matter digestibility (%) and TME (kcal/g) of DSM for 48-hr collection periods were 45.2 ± 1.1 and 3.003 ± .054 for roosters, and 56.8 ± 2.8 and 3.292 ± .039 for turkeys, respectively. The higher values for turkeys than for roosters are believed to be due to incomplete clearance of dietary residues from the turkey. As length of acid hydrolysis of samples prior to amino acid analysis was increased from 24 to 72 hr, the apparent levels of threonine, serine, and tyrosine of DSM and excreta decreased as expected, whereas the observed levels of glycine increased. Average digestibility of amino acids in DSM was approximately 90% for both chickens and turkeys. In Experiment 5, microbial cells present in poultry excreta were harvested via differential centrifugation, and the amino acid composition was determined. In general, the amino acid composition of the microbial cells was similar to that of excreta (from endogenous sources and/or feed residues) voided by fasted birds or birds fed DSM. However, the excreta samples consistently contained higher levels of serine and proline and lower levels of alanine than the microbial cells.
Recollections of a Brother and Friend (2002)

I am Charles's brother.I feel sure that I have known him longer than anyone else here.Technically, I have known him since my birth.My remarks will address primarily personal rather than professional subjects concerning Charles.I anticipate the latter will be the subject of later talks.I have a fantasy that Charles, along with his idols Abraham Lincoln and Louis Armstrong, is somehow witnessing this event, thrilled and proud that so many distinguished people are here to honor and remember him.My childhood memories of Charles consist entirely of fun and excitement.He was thirteen years older than I, so he served not only as big brother to me but also as friend, counselor, and even as father.There was no sibling rivalry between us.Charles was never interested in spectator sports, so we never engaged in the traditional activities like going to ball games or throwing the old ball around in the yard.Instead, we took many hikes and outings in the hills west of Austin, attended movies, or ate out at restaurants, mostly Mexican or Tex-Mex.An afternoon or evening with Charles was very special.Later, after he began his travels, he would visit at home, and I remember long walks around town and long talks on random subjects.It was Charles who explained to me the birds and the bees and the stork.This came up during a dinner he was having at home with three or four of his male friends, and I, in ignorance, inquired as to the meaning of a word that made the subject unavoidable.Charles's friends understandably snickered, but Charles left the table and we walked around the neighborhood while he explained the process, not lewdly or lustily, but in very romantic, sensitive terms.Through the years I often sought his advice-which was usually good.After I graduated from high school I wanted to get out of Austin, and he helped me decide what university to attend.Later I remember a discussion when I was feeling guilty about the breakup of my first marriage.He gave me very simple advice: "Thomas, you are not a saint."I knew this already, but somehow the direct simplicity of his observation served as an epiphany
Novel Synthesis of 2-Aryl and 2,3-Disubstituted Indoles by Modified Double Elimination Protocol (2005)

[reaction: see text] Syntheses of 2-aryl and 2,3-substituted indoles were realized by modified double elimination protocol. Under basic conditions, vinyl sulfones derived from the reaction of 2-aminobenzyl sulfone with benzaldehydes underwent cyclization and alkylation followed by elimination of sulfinic acid to afford 2,3-substituted indoles.
[Indications and results of the first 100 liver resections in Bolzano]. (2004)

The aim of the study was to report on a survey of 100 liver resections performed over an 8-year period. Seventy-four patients underwent surgery for primary or secondary liver tumours, 15 for benign diseases, and 11 for traumas. The overall operative mortality rate was 3.0%, while the operative mortality rate in elective resections was 2.3%. Five-year survival was 22% for colorectal metastases and 25% for hepatocarcinomas. The expanding role of liver surgery in the treatment of hepato-biliary diseases is emphasized and the importance of anatomical surgery, guided by intraoperative ultrasonography, with limited blood loss and transfusion, is stressed.
An algorithm of calligraphy beautification based on improved velocity and width model (2015)

Calligraphy is the essence of Chinese traditional culture which integrates the cultural deposits and philosophical connotation of Chinese history. In order to combine it to modern computer technology, this paper presents a new calligraphy beautification method based on the connection parts and the improved velocity and width algorithm. A character is divided into middle section and connecting section according to its structure. Connecting section would be modeled by Bessel curve; Middle section will be shipped according to the writing velocity, writing style and width of strokes to get suitable strokes. Experiments show that this method has a good effect.
TDI Imaging In Industrial Inspection (1990)

Time delay and integration (TDI) imaging was first applied in the early 1970's to aerial photoreconnaissance as an electronic replacement for photographic film. Since that time, TDI has been applied elsewhere infrequently with bare printed circuit board inspection and document digitizing as the only well-known recent applications. Now, TDI has been effectively brought to bear on an ubiquitous problem, that of inspection of moving webs. Although other imaging techniques have been and are being used for web inspection, none shows the broad adaptability and ease of use of TDI-based imaging. Herein is a review of the TDI technique, a specific implementation of TDI in a unique web-imaging-compatible camera and a comparison of the TDI technique with other current technologies.
Turning Over a New Leaf: Cannabinoid and Endocannabinoid Modulation of Immune Function (2015)

Cannabis is a complex substance that harbors terpenoid-like compounds referred to as phytocannabinoids. The major psychoactive phytocannabinoid found in cannabis ∆(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) produces the majority of its pharmacological effects through two cannabinoid receptors, termed CB1 and CB2. The discovery of these receptors as linked functionally to distinct biological effects of THC, and the subsequent development of synthetic cannabinoids, precipitated discovery of the endogenous cannabinoid (or endocannabinoid) system. This system consists of the endogenous lipid ligands N- arachidonoylethanolamine (anandamide; AEA) and 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG), their biosynthetic and degradative enzymes, and the CB1 and CB2 receptors that they activate. Endocannabinoids have been identified in immune cells such as monocytes, macrophages, basophils, lymphocytes, and dendritic cells and are believed to be enzymatically produced and released "on demand" in a similar fashion as the eicosanoids. It is now recognized that other phytocannabinoids such as cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabinol (CBN) can alter the functional activities of the immune system. This special edition of the Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology (JNIP) presents a collection of cutting edge original research and review articles on the medical implications of phytocannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system. The goal of this special edition is to provide an unbiased assessment of the state of research related to this topic from leading researchers in the field. The potential untoward effects as well as beneficial uses of marijuana, its phytocannabinoid composition, and synthesized cannabinoid analogs are discussed. In addition, the role of the endocannabinoid system and approaches to its manipulation to treat select human disease processes are addressed.
Development of smart phone tools for printed diagnostics: Challenges and solutions (2016)

Among the various forms of low-cost diagnostic tests (e.g. lateral flow, fluorescent), colorimetric tests are powerful tools for performing a wide range of point-of-care health diagnostics and screening using biological samples (blood, urine, or saliva). However, due to human color perception, colorimetric test results are difficult to quantify, particularly in the case of multi-parameter tests, which pose an even greater challenge. In order to meet this need, we propose the use of a mobile app with augmented reality (AR) that can automatically track the relative position and orientation of a printed test, which includes a reference color pattern that enables automatic color calibration. This solution is highly scalable, does not require any hardware (e.g. phone stand), and can be easily adapted to any colorimetric test geometry. For quantitative evaluation, we conducted a field study with 23 Indian health workers who had never previously used a smart phone. With only 10 minutes of instruction, participants were asked to perform 50 randomized consecutive measurements manually, then repeat 50 additional measurements with our mobile app. Results with mobile app (R <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> =0.944, duration=32 sec/test) compared favorably to the manual data capture (R <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> =0.819, duration=37 sec/test). This work demonstrates that mobile phones can be used successfully to read colorimetric tests without external hardware, and also demonstrates that augmented reality can be a valuable ingredient for creating mobile tools that are accessible to novice users in low-resource communities.
Dietary Sodium, Potassium, Saturated Fat, Alcohol, and Stroke Mortality (1995)

These results suggest that dietary factors, especially sodium and SFA, are of primary importance as determinants of stroke mortality at the population level.
Genomics of Human Intracranial Aneurysm Wall (2009)

The differentially expressed genes in the aneurysm wall may shed light on aneurysm pathobiology and provide novel targets for therapeutic intervention. These data will help generate hypotheses for future studies.
Feature‐based rectal contour propagation from planning CT to cone beam CT (2008)

The purpose of this work is to develop a novel feature-based registration strategy to automatically map the rectal contours from planning computed tomography (CT) (pCT) to cone beam CT (CBCT). The rectal contours were manually outlined on the pCT. A narrow band with the outlined contour as its interior surface was then constructed, so that we can exclude the volume inside the rectum in the registration process. The corresponding contour in the CBCT was found by using a feature-based registration algorithm, which consists of two steps: (1) automatically searching for control points in the pCT and CBCT based on the features of the surrounding tissue and matching the homologous control points using the scale invariance feature transformation; and (2) using the control points for a thin plate spline transformation to warp the narrow band and mapping the corresponding contours from pCT to CBCT. The proposed contour propagation technique is applied to digital phantoms and clinical cases and, in all cases, the contour mapping results are found to be clinically acceptable. For clinical cases, the method yielded satisfactory results even when there were significant rectal content changes between the pCT and CBCT scans. As a consequence, the accordance between the rectal volumes after deformable registration and the manually segmented rectum was found to be more than 90%. The proposed technique provides a powerful tool for adaptive radiotherapy of prostate, rectal, and gynecological cancers in the future.
Adaptive Tactical Pricing in Multi‐Agent Supply Chain Markets Using Economic Regimes (2015)

ABSTRACT In today's complex and dynamic supply chain markets, information systems are essential for effective supply chain management. Complex decision making processes on strategic, tactical, and operational levels require substantial timely support in order to contribute to organizations' agility. Consequently, there is a need for sophisticated dynamic product pricing mechanisms that can adapt quickly to changing market conditions and competitors' strategies. We propose a two‐layered machine learning approach to compute tactical pricing decisions in real time. The first layer estimates prevailing economic conditions—economic regimes—identifying and predicting current and future market conditions. In the second layer, we train a neural network for each regime to estimate price distributions in real time using available information. The neural networks compute offer acceptance probabilities from a tactical perspective to meet desired sales quotas. We validate our approach in the trading agent competition for supply chain management. When competing against the world's leading agents, the performance of our system significantly improves compared to using only economic regimes to predict prices. Profits increase significantly even though the prices and sales volume do not change significantly. Instead, tactical pricing results in a more efficient sales strategy by reducing both finished goods and components inventory costs.
Evaluation of the macula prior to cataract surgery (2017)

There is growing evidence for the importance of more detailed retinal evaluation of cataract patients even with clinically normal exam. OCT has been the most established and studied method for retinal evaluation in cataract patients, but other technologies such as microperimetry and ERG are beginning to be studied.
Test Case Generation for Collaborative Real-time Editing Tools (2007)

Efficient testing of the collaborative and real-time aspects of collaborative real-time editing tools (CRETs) is extremely challenging. Changes in testing parameters and conflict resolution policies result in significant time and effort for modifying the corresponding test cases. In this paper, we propose a time-line diagram approach to visually model aspects of timing and collaborative conflicts useful for efficient generation of test cases. A specification language, ACDATE, is introduced to formally specify the corresponding test scenarios. We develop an algorithm that allows configuring test parameters and collaboration policies on the fly, automatically generates textual test cases corresponding to the timeline diagram, and creates corresponding test scripts in the ACDATE language. A prototype implementation shows good results, with automatically generated test cases consistent across from a visual and textual perspective.
Elders' Nonadherence: Its Assessment and Medication Reminding by Voice Mail (1991)

This study investigates four questions related to the problem of medication nonadherence among elders. First, does memory failure play a significant role in nonadherence? Second, can memory-related nonadherence be predicted by simple tests of cognitive performance? Third, can the new portable bar code scanner technology be used to unobtrusively monitor nonadherence? Most importantly, can inexpensive telephone voice mail technology be used to improve medication adherence? The results show that: elders have substantial levels of forgetting; nonadherence decreases with higher cognitive test scores; portable bar code scanners are useful for monitoring adherence; and voice mail reduces tardiness and complete forgetting.