gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The potential role of lactoferrin and derivatives in the management of infectious and inflammatory complications of hematology patients receiving a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (2007)

Human lactoferrin is a natural defense protein belonging to the innate immune system present in several body fluids and secretions, as well as in the secondary granules of polymorphonuclear neutrophils. Lactoferrin and its derivatives have pleiotropic functions including broad-spectrum anti-microbial activity, anti-tumor activity, regulation of cell growth and differentiation, and modulation of inflammatory as well as humoral and cellular immune responses. This is the reason why much research has addressed the potential therapeutic activity of these molecules in different clinical settings, especially regarding infectious diseases and uncontrolled inflammatory conditions. In patients with hematological malignancies treated with a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), morbidity and mortality due to infections and uncontrolled inflammation remains high, despite many advances in supportive care. These life-threatening complications are a result of the damage caused by the conditioning regimens to the mucosal barrier, and the innate and adaptive, humoral, and cellular immune defenses. These complications necessitate the continued exploration of new treatment modalities. Systemic and probably local levels of lactoferrin are decreased following HSCT. Therefore, the use of lactoferrin, or short peptide derivatives that retain the cationic N-terminal moiety that is essential for the anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory activity, may prove to be a promising versatile class of agents for managing the complications that arise from HSCT.
Cloning and characterization of developmental endothelial locus-1: An embryonic endothelial cell protein that binds the αvβ3 integrin receptor (1998)

We have taken advantage of an enhancer trap event in a line of transgenic mice to identify a unique developmentally regulated endothelial cell locus (Del1). The protein encoded in this locus contains three EGF-like repeats homologous to those in Notch and related proteins, including an EGF-like repeat that contains an RGD motif, and two discoidin I-like domains. Del1 is shown to be a matrix protein and to promote adhesion of endothelial cells through interaction with the alphavbeta3 integrin receptor. Embryonic endothelial-like yolk sac cells expressing recombinant Del1 protein, or grown on an extracellular matrix containing Del1 protein, are inhibited from forming vascular-like structures. Expression of Del1 protein in the chick chorioallantoic membrane leads to loss of vascular integrity and promotes vessel remodeling. Del1 is thus a new ligand for the alphavbeta3 integrin receptor and may function to regulate vascular morphogenesis or remodeling in embryonic development.
Glycosylation at 158N of the Hemagglutinin Protein and Receptor Binding Specificity Synergistically Affect the Antigenicity and Immunogenicity of a Live Attenuated H5N1 A/Vietnam/1203/2004 Vaccine Virus in Ferrets (2010)

A live attenuated influenza A/Vietnam/1203/2004 (H5N1) vaccine virus (VN04 ca) has receptor binding specificity to alpha2,3-linked sialosides (alpha2,3SAL), and a single dose induces a minimal serum antibody response in mice and ferrets. In contrast, A/Hong Kong/213/2003 (H5N1) vaccine virus (HK03 ca) binds to both alpha2,6SAL and alpha2,3SAL and generates a stronger serum antibody response in animals. Among the 9 amino acids that differed between the two H5 HA1 proteins, several HK03-specific residues enabled the VN04 ca virus to bind to both alpha2,3SAL and alpha2,6SAL receptors, but only the removal of the 158N glycosylation, together with an S227N change, resulted in more-efficient viral replication in the upper respiratory tract of ferrets and an increased serum antibody response. However, the antibody response was HK03 strain specific and did not significantly cross-neutralize VN04 virus. A second approach was taken to adapt the H5N1 VN04 ca virus in MDCK cells to select HA variants with larger plaque morphology. Although a number of large-plaque-size HA variants with amino acid changes in the HA receptor binding region were identified, none of these mutations affected virus receptor binding preference and immunogenicity. In addition, the known receptor binding site changes, Q226L and G228S, were introduced into the HA protein of the VN04 ca virus. Only in conjunction with the removal of the 158N glycosylation did the virus replicate efficiently in the upper respiratory tract of ferrets and became more immunogenic, yet the response was also HK03 specific. Thus, the mask of the antigenic epitopes by 158N glycosylation at the HA globular head and its alpha2,3SAL binding preference of VN04 ca virus affect virus antigenicity and replication in the host, resulting in a lower antibody response.
Graphene Oxide as a Matrix for Enzyme Immobilization (2010)

Graphene oxide (GO), having a large specific surface area and abundant functional groups, provides an ideal substrate for study enzyme immobilization. We demonstrated that the enzyme immobilization on the GO sheets could take place readily without using any cross-linking reagents and additional surface modification. The atomically flat surface enabled us to observe the immobilized enzyme in the native state directly using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Combining the AFM imaging results of the immobilized enzyme molecules and their catalytic activity, we illustrated that the conformation of the immobilized enzyme is mainly determined by interactions of enzyme molecules with the functional groups of GO.
Partitioning and optimizing controllers synthesized from hierarchical high-level descriptions (1998)

This paper describes methods for partitioning and optimizing controllers described by hierarchical high-level descriptions. The methods utilize the structure of the high-level description, provide flexible exploration of the trade-off between combinational logic and registers to reduce implementation cost, and allow the designer to control the synthesis process. Results are presented using industrial examples.
Consensus Guided Multi-View Clustering (2018)

In recent decades, tremendous emerging techniques thrive the artificial intelligence field due to the increasing collected data captured from multiple sensors. These multi-view data provide more rich information than traditional single-view data. Fusing heterogeneous information for certain tasks is a core part of multi-view learning, especially for multi-view clustering. Although numerous multi-view clustering algorithms have been proposed, most scholars focus on finding the common space of different views, but unfortunately ignore the benefits from partition level by ensemble clustering. For ensemble clustering, however, there is no interaction between individual partitions from each view and the final consensus one. To fill the gap, we propose a Consensus Guided Multi-View Clustering (CMVC) framework, which incorporates the generation of basic partitions from each view and fusion of consensus clustering in an interactive way, i.e., the consensus clustering guides the generation of basic partitions, and high quality basic partitions positively contribute to the consensus clustering as well. We design a non-trivial optimization solution to formulate CMVC into two iterative k -means clusterings by an approximate calculation. In addition, the generalization of CMVC provides a rich feasibility for different scenarios, and the extension of CMVC with incomplete multi-view clustering further validates the effectiveness for real-world applications. Extensive experiments demonstrate the advantages of CMVC over other widely used multi-view clustering methods in terms of cluster validity, and the robustness of CMVC to some important parameters and incomplete multi-view data.
Characterization of the Terminal Iron(IV) Imides {[PhBP<i><sup>t</sup></i><sup>Bu</sup><sub>2</sub>(pz‘)]Fe<sup>IV</sup>⋮NAd}<sup>+</sup> (2006)

New hybrid bis(phosphine)(pyrazole)borate tripodal ligands ([PhBPtBu2(pz')]-) are reported that support pseudotetrahedral iron in the oxidation states +1, +2, +3, and +4. The higher oxidation states are stabilized by a terminal FeNR linkage. Of particular interest is the generation and thorough characterization of an S = 1 FeIVNR+ imide cation using this new ligand system. The latter species can be observed electrochemically and spectroscopically, and its solid-state crystal structure is reported.
Video quality assesment using M-SVD (2007)

Objective video quality measurement is a challenging problem in a variety of video processing application ranging from lossy compression to printing. An ideal video quality measure should be able to mimic the human observer. We present a new video quality measure, M-SVD, to evaluate distorted video sequences based on singular value decomposition. A computationally efficient approach is developed for full-reference (FR) video quality assessment. This measure is tested on the Video Quality Experts Group (VQEG) phase I FR-TV test data set. Our experiments show the graphical measure displays the amount of distortion as well as the distribution of error in all frames of the video sequence while the numerical measure has a good correlation with perceived video quality outperforms PSNR and other objective measures by a clear margin.
On Cellular MIMO Channel Capacity (2008)

To increase the transmission rate without bandwidth expansion, the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technique has recently been attracting much attention. The MIMO channel capacity in a cellular system is affected by the interference from neighboring co-channel cells. In this paper, we introduce the cellular channel capacity and evaluate its outage capacity, taking into account the frequency-reuse factor, path loss exponent, standard deviation of shadowing loss, and transmission power of a base station (BS). Furthermore, we compare the cellular MIMO downlink channel capacity with those of other multi-antenna transmission techniques such as single-input multiple-output (SIMO) and space-time block coded multiple-input single-output (STBC-MISO). We show that the optimum frequency-reuse factor F that maximizes 10%-outage capacity is 3 and both 50%- and 90%-outage capacities is 1 irrespective of the type of multi-antenna transmission technique, where q%-outage capacity is defined as the channel capacity that gives an outage probability of q%. We also show that the cellular MIMO channel capacity is always higher than those of SIMO and STBC-MISO.
3D LIDAR point cloud based intersection recognition for autonomous driving (2012)

Finding road intersections in advance is crucial for navigation and path planning of moving autonomous vehicles, especially when there is no position or geographic auxiliary information available. In this paper, we investigate the use of a 3D point cloud based solution for intersection and road segment classification in front of an autonomous vehicle. It is based on the analysis of the features from the designed beam model. First, we build a grid map of the point cloud and clear the cells which belong to other vehicles. Then, the proposed beam model is applied with a specified distance in front of autonomous vehicle. A feature set based on the length distribution of the beam is extracted from the current frame and combined with a trained classifier to solve the road-type classification problem, i.e., segment and intersection. In addition, we also make the distinction between +-shaped and T-shaped intersections. The results are reported over a series of real-world data. A performance of above 80% correct classification is reported at a real-time classification rate of 5 Hz.
GaAs-based heterojunction bipolar transistors for very high performance electronic circuits (1993)

This paper reviews the principles and status of AlGaAs/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistor technology. Comparisons of this technology with Si bipolar transistor and GaAs field-effect transistor technologies are made. Epitaxial materials, fabrication processes, transistor DC and RF characteristics, and modeling of AlGaAs/GaAs HBT's are described. Key areas of HBT application are also highlighted.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
SiN-capped HfSiON gate stacks with improved bias temperature instabilities for 65 nm-node low-standby-power transistors (2004)

This paper describes the SiN-capped HfSiON gate stacks for 65 nm-node low-standby-power transistors with improved bias temperature instabilities (BTI). By employing SiN-cap on HfSiON and the counter-implant for adjustment of pFET's threshold voltage (V/sub TH/), the symmetrical V/sub TH/ values for nFETs and pFETs have been obtained. The nitrogen incorporation in the interfacial oxide prevents the interface states generation under positive bias temperature stress. Negative BTI can be improved by reducing the thickness of SiN-cap. 10-year lifetimes for both positive and negative BTI have been achieved.
Rectification of Concentration Polarization in Mesopores Leads To High Conductance Ionic Diodes and High Performance Osmotic Power (2019)

Nanopores exhibit a set of interesting transport properties that stem from interactions of the passing ions and molecules with the pore walls. Nanopores are used, for example, as ionic diodes and transistors, biosensors, and osmotic power generators. Using nanopores is however disadvantaged by their high resistance, small switching currents in nA range, low power generated, and signals that can be difficult to distinguish from the background. Here, we present a mesopore with ionic conductance reaching μS that rectifies ion current in salt concentrations as high as 1 M. The mesopore is conically shaped, and its region close to the narrow opening is filled with high molecular weight poly-l-lysine. To elucidate the underlying mechanism of ion current rectification (ICR), a continuum model based on a set of Poisson-Nernst-Planck and Stokes-Brinkman equations was adopted. The results revealed that embedding the polyelectrolyte in a conical pore leads to rectification of the effect of concentration polarization (CP) that is induced by the polyelectrolyte, and observed as voltage polarity-dependent modulations of ionic concentrations in the pore, and consequently ICR. Our work reveals the link between ICR and CP, significantly extending the knowledge of how charged polyelectrolytes modulate ion transport on nano- and mesoscales. The osmotic power application is also demonstrated with the developed polyelectrolyte-filled mesopores, which enable a power of up to ∼120 pW from one pore, which is much higher than the reported values using single nanoscale pores.
Isolation and characterization of strain of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kenyae containing two novel cry1-type toxin genes. (2007)

To identify novel crystal proteins, Bacillus thuringiensis 2385-1 was isolated from Korean soil samples and characterized. The H-serotype of 2385-1 was identical to that of subsp. kenyae (H4a4c), and its crystal toxin was bipyramidal-shaped. However, 2385-1 showed a much higher toxicity towards Plutella xylostella and Spodoptera exigua larvae than subsp. kenyae. In addition, the crystal protein profile and plasmid DNA pattern of 2385-1 differed from those of subsp. kenyae. To verify the crystal protein gene types of 2385-1, a PCR-RFLP analysis was performed, and the results revealed that 2385-1 contained two novel cry1-type crystal protein genes, cry1-5 and cry1-12, in addition to the cry1Ja1 gene. The deduced amino acid sequences of cry1-5 and cry1-12 showed a 97.9% and 75.7% sequence similarity with the CrylAb and Cry1Ja crystal proteins, respectively. Among the novel crystal proteins, Cry1-5 showed a high toxicity towards P. xylostella and S. exigua larvae. In conclusion, B. thuringiensis 2385-1 is a new isolate in terms of its gene types, and should be a promising source for an insecticide to control lepidopteran larvae.
Cytopathology of neoplastic meningitis: A series of 66 cases from a tertiary care center (2013)

CSF cytology is an important tool for diagnosis of NM. Cytomorphologic features helped in diagnosis and for prediction of the primary site. Correct identification of this condition is important as it has therapeutic and prognostic implications.
Experimental evidence of a sustained standing Turing-type nonequilibrium chemical pattern (1990)

We report the experimental observation of a sustained standing nonequilibrium chemical pattern in a single-phase open reactor. Considering the properties of the pattern (symmetry breaking, intrinsic wavelength), it is interpreted as the first unambiguous experimental evidence of a Turing structure.
Triethylborane-mediated atom-transfer cyclisation of 2-iodo-N-(prop-2-enyl)acetamides and related compounds (1998)

The 2-iodo-N-(prop-2-enyl)acetamides 1, upon treatment with triethylborane (0.2–0.6 mol equiv.) in boiling benzene, undergo iodine atom-transfer cyclisation to give the 4-(iodomethyl)pyrrolidin-2-ones 2 in high yields. The method has been applied to the synthesis of γ-lactones.
Long term elimination of epitope-specific diabetogenic CD8+ T cells using toxin coupled tetramers in NOD mice (50.37) (2009)

Abstract Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease in which CD8+ T cells with help from CD4+ T cells and B cells kill the insulin-producing islet cells in the pancreas. Although islet transplants have been successful in treating T1D, the transplants may not persist because of the ongoing autoimmunity. Patients can be treated with immunosuppressants, however these drugs have serious side effects. Selective elimination of diabetogenic T cells should specifically eliminate islet autoimmunity. We previously showed MHC class I tetramers coupled to the toxin saporin could selectively kill transgenic virus specific T cells. We have now used saporin coupled NRP-V7 tetramers to target diabetogenic T cells in vitro and in vivo in non-obese diabetes-prone (NOD) mice. NRP-V7 is a high affinity mimotope that is recognized by the 8.3 T cell clone, a known diabetogenic T cell. Treatment with saporin coupled NRP-V7 tetramers acutely depleted NRP-V7+ CD8+ T cells expressing Vβ 13-3 and elimination appeared to be long term since very few NRP-V7+ T cells were detectable in the islets of toxic-NRP-V7 tetramer treated NOD mice up to 45 weeks later. Treatment with toxic NRP-V7 tetramers resulted in a delay of T1D with a mean onset of 24 weeks compared to 16 weeks for treatment with PBS. Toxic tetramers could potentially be used to treat T1D as well as other T cell mediated autoimmune disease. Supported by JDRF 5-2006-13 and 1-2008-24.
VirtualGrasp (2018)

We propose VirtualGrasp, a novel gestural approach to retrieve virtual objects in virtual reality. Using VirtualGrasp, a user retrieves an object by performing a barehanded gesture as if grasping its physical counterpart. The object-gesture mapping under this metaphor is of high intuitiveness, which enables users to easily discover, remember the gestures to retrieve the objects. We conducted three user studies to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the approach. Progressively, we investigated the consensus of the object-gesture mapping across users, the expressivity of grasping gestures, and the learnability and performance of the approach. Results showed that users achieved high agreement on the mapping, with an average agreement score [35] of 0.68 (SD=0.27). Without exposure to the gestures, users successfully retrieved 76% objects with VirtualGrasp. A week after learning the mapping, they could recall the gestures for 93% objects.
Induction of Smectic A<sub>d</sub> Phase in Polar Systems of nCBB-nCB (1995)

Phase diagrams of two component mixtures are presented. One component is chosen from a homologous series of 4-cyanobiphenyl 4'-alkylbiphenyl-4-carboxylates (nCBB) in such a way that it possesses a nematic and smectic A1 phase (i.e. n=4,5,6,7), and the second from a homologous series of 4-alkyl-4'-cyanobiphenyls (nCB, n = 0-8). In nCBB-nCB system a strong enhancement of the smectic Ad phase is observed for the smectic member of nCB (n=8) and the smectic Ad phase induction for the nematic members of nCB (n=0-7). In most cases the temperature-composition area of the induced smectic Ad phase is an “island” surrounded by the nematic phase. The size and shape of the induced smectic Ad phase area depend on the alkyl chain length of both components. The smectic layer spacing is close to the dimer length of nCBB molecules, and slightly expands with increasing temperature and concentration of nCB. Exchange of a component with the unbranched alkyl chain with branched one favors induction of Ad phase.
Chemistry and Association of Vanadium Compounds in Heavy Oil and Bitumen, and Implications for Their Selective Removal (2010)

Most crude oils contain traces of vanadium, which cause significant detrimental impact during catalytic conversion and combustion. The concentrations in bitumen and vacuum residue are generally much higher, which poses a problem for the economical upgrading of these feedstocks. These problems are relevant since the world reserves of conventional light oils are dwindling and being replaced by an increasing amount of heavier feedstocks. In this article, the current understanding of the distribution and form of vanadium compounds within vacuum residue is critically discussed. The implications of this chemistry on prospects for new separation methods, other than deasphalting, are considered. Although only a small fraction of the vanadium is contained within the polar resin fraction (i.e., maltenes), this fraction has been most often characterized to determine the chemical form of the vanadium compounds. Various spectroscopic techniques have been used to determine that these resin soluble vanadium compounds exist as metalloporphyrins characterized by their intense absorption of UV/visible radiation. In the case of the asphaltene bound metals, this UV/visible absorbance is not observed and has historically led to their distinction as “non-porphyrins”. However, more recent results using X-ray spectroscopies (EXAFS and XANES), as well as a more in depth analysis of the UV/vis response of metalloporphyrins, indicates that, although these asphaltene-bound vanadium compounds do not exhibit the characteristic UV/visible absorption, they are indeed still bound in a porphyrinic structure. The fact that the majority of the vanadium is contained within the highly aromatic, highly polar asphaltene fraction also poses additional roadblocks to their selective removal. This fraction has been shown to associate/aggregate significantly in most (if not all) solvents. Recent work on the nature and possible mechanisms of the molecular association of asphaltenes in solution can be extended to help elucidate the molecular interactions occurring between asphaltenes and metalloporphyrins, and hence the nature of the inclusion of metalloporphyrins within the asphaltene fraction. Many different solvent systems including aromatics, chloro-carbons, alcohols, ketones, as well as other polar solvents have been used to extract the metalloporphyrins from the asphaltene fraction with limited success. In most cases, the effect of asphaltene solubility and aggregation in the given solvent were not considered. The selective separation of metalloporphyrins is clearly hampered by gaps in the basic understanding of the metalloporphyrin properties and behavior in solution.
Chemical Bioinduction of Rubber in Guayule Plant (1977)

The treatment of young guayule plants with 2-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-triethylamine stimulated the accumulation of polyisoprenoid rubber in the stem and root tissues. This finding suggests that rubber productivity can be improved by the use of chemical agents on guayule and other rubber-forming plants.
Encoding of efficient diffractive microlenses (1995)

Different coding schemes for diffractive multilevel microlenses are compared. A simple method to code a lens to get the optimum diffraction efficiency is given. Furthermore, a straightforward way to estimate the achievable efficiency of a lens is presented.