gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Instruction cache locking using temporal reuse profile (2010)

The performance of most embedded systems is critically dependent on the average memory access latency. Improving the cache hit rate can have significant positive impact on the performance of an application. Modern embedded processors often feature cache locking mechanisms that allow memory blocks to be locked in the cache under software control. Cache locking was primarily designed to offer timing predictability for hard real-time applications. Hence, the compiler optimization techniques focus on employing cache locking to improve worst-case execution time. However, cache locking can be quite effective in improving the average-case execution time of general embedded applications as well. In this paper, we explore static instruction cache locking to improve average-case program performance. We introduce temporal reuse profile to accurately and efficiently model the cost and benefit of locking memory blocks in the cache. We propose an optimal algorithm and a heuristic approach that use the temporal reuse profile to determine the most beneficial memory blocks to be locked in the cache. Experimental results show that locking heuristic achieves close to optimal results and can improve the cache miss rate by up to 24% across a suite of real-world benchmarks. Moreover, our heuristic provides significant improvement compared to the state-of-the-art locking algorithm both in terms of performance and efficiency.
Unraveling the Role of RNA Mediated Toxicity of C9orf72 Repeats in C9-FTD/ALS (2017)

The most frequent genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is intronic hexanucleotide (G4C2) repeat expansions (HRE) in the <i>C9orf72</i> gene. The non-exclusive pathogenic mechanisms by which C9orf72 repeat expansions contribute to these neurological disorders include loss of C9orf72 function and gain-of-function determined by toxic RNA molecules and dipeptides repeats protein toxicity. The expanded repeats are transcribed bidirectionally and forms RNA foci in the central nervous system, and sequester key RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) leading to impairment in RNA processing events. Many studies report widespread transcriptome changes in ALS carrying a C9orf72 repeat expansion. Here we review the contribution of RNA foci interaction with RBPs as well as transcriptome changes involved in the pathogenesis of C9orf72- associated FTD/ALS. These informations are essential to elucidate the pathology and therapeutic intervention of ALS and/or FTD.
Real-time tracking and fast retrieval of persons in multiple surveillance cameras of a shopping mall (2013)

The capability to track individuals in CCTV cameras is important for e.g. surveillance applications at large areas such as train stations, airports and shopping centers. However, it is laborious to track and trace people over multiple cameras. In this paper, we present a system for real-time tracking and fast interactive retrieval of persons in video streams from multiple static surveillance cameras. This system is demonstrated in a shopping mall, where the cameras are positioned without overlapping fields-of-view and have different lighting conditions. The results show that the system allows an operator to find the origin or destination of a person more efficiently. The misses are reduced with 37%, which is a significant improvement.
Transparent superhydrophobic and highly oleophobic coatings (2010)

We report a facile process for fabrication of transparent superhydrophobic and highly oleophobic surfaces through assembly of silica nanoparticles and sacrificial polystyrene nanoparticles. The silica and polystyrene nanoparticles are first deposited by a layer-by-layer assembly technique. The polystyrene nanoparticles are then removed by calcination, which leaves a porous network of silica nanoparticles. The cavities created by the sacrificial polystyrene particles form overhang structures on the surfaces. Modified with a fluorocarbon molecule, such surfaces are superhydrophobic and transparent. They also repel liquids with low surface tensions, such as hexadecane, due to the overhang structures that prevent liquids from getting into the air pockets even though the intrinsic contact angles of these liquids are less than 90 degrees.
Human hepatic stem cells transplanted into a fulminant hepatic failure Alb-TRECK/SCID mouse model exhibit liver reconstitution and drug metabolism capabilities (2015)

Our model of a humanized liver in Alb-TRECK/SCID mice may provide for functional applications such as drug metabolism, drug to drug interactions, and promote other in vivo and in vitro studies.
Reproducibility of Multichannel Intraluminal Electrical Impedance Monitoring of Gastroesophageal Reflux (2005)

Postprandial gastroesophageal reflux data assessed with impedance monitoring are as reproducible as assessed with pH monitoring.
Methylation of DACT2 Promotes Papillary Thyroid Cancer Metastasis by Activating Wnt Signaling (2014)

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignant disease and the incidence is increasing. DACT2 was found frequently methylated in human lung cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. To explore the epigenetic change and the role of DACT2 in thyroid cancer, 7 thyroid cancer cell lines, 10 cases of non-cancerous thyroid tissue samples and 99 cases of primary thyroid cancer samples were involved in this study. DACT2 was expressed and unmethylated in K1, SW579, FTC-133, TT, W3 and 8505C cell lines. Loss of expression and complete methylation was found in TPC-1 cells. Restoration of DACT2 expression was induced by 5-aza-2'deoxycytidine treatment. It demonstrates that the expression of DACT2 was regulated by promoter region methylation. In human primary papillary thyroid cancer, 64.6% (64/99) was methylated and methylation of DACT2 was related to lymph node metastasis (p<0.01). Re-expression of DACT2 suppresses cell proliferation, invasion and migration in TPC-1 cells. The activity of TCF/LEF was inhibited by DACT2 in wild-type or mutant β-catenin cells. The activity of TCF/LEF was increased by co-transfecting DACT2 and Dvl2 in wild-type or mutant β-catenin cells. Overexpression of wild-type β-catenin promotes cell migration and invasion in DACT2 stably expressed cells. The expression of β-catenin, c-myc, cyclinD1 and MMP-9 were decreased and the level of phosphorylated β-catenin (p-β-catenin) was increased after restoration of DACT2 expression in TPC-1 cells. The expression of β-catenin, c-myc, cyclinD1 and MMP-9 were increased and the level of p-β-catenin was reduced after knockdown of DACT2 in W3 and SW579 cells. These results suggest that DACT2 suppresses human papillary thyroid cancer growth and metastasis by inhibiting Wnt signaling. In conclusion, DACT2 is frequently methylated in papillary thyroid cancer. DACT2 expression was regulated by promoter region methylation. DACT2 suppresses papillary thyroid cancer proliferation and metastasis by inhibiting Wnt signaling.
SR450 And Superhawk XP Applications Of<i>Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis</i>Against<i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i><sup>1</sup> (2014)

Sprayer comparisons and larval morality assays were conducted following SR450 backpack mist blower and Superhawk XP thermal fogger applications of Vectobac® WDG Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) against Culex quinquefasciatus. Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis was applied at maximum label rate in a 232.26-m(2) field plot located in north-central Florida with containers placed at 2 heights (ground level and 1.52 m above ground) on stakes positioned 3.04, 6.09, 9.14, 12.19, and 15.24 m from the spray line. Results indicated that there was no significant (P > 0.05) difference in 24- and 48-h larval mortality between the 2 sprayers or between the 2 heights. There was significant difference (P < 0.05) among the 5 rows, with mortality continuously decreasing with increasing distance from sprayer. Both sprayers provided on average >70% larval mortality 3.04-9.14 m from the spray line, and <60% mortality at 12.19 and 15.24 m. The data suggest that the SR450 and Superhawk XP may be comparable sprayers for use with Bti to control mosquito larvae.
Biochemical marker in familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy, Portuguese type. Family studies on the transthyretin (prealbumin)-methionine-30 variant. (1985)

A transthyretin variant with a methionine for valine substitution at position 30 [TTR(Met30)] is found in Portuguese patients with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP). Effective, rapid, small- and semimicro-scale (immunoblotting) procedures were developed to determine whether or not TTR(Met30) is present in the plasma of an individual subject. The immunoblotting procedure employs only 0.10 ml of serum and can serve as a reliable procedure for the screening of large numbers of persons for the presence of TTR(Met30). In family studies of seven FAP kindreds, TTR(Met30) was found in 21 out of 41 asymptomatic FAP offspring, and its presence was not related to either age or sex. Thus, the mutant TTR segregated in accordance with the known autosomal dominant mode of inheritance of FAP. Total plasma TTR levels were not reduced in asymptomatic FAP offspring who were carriers of TTR(Met30), and no difference was observed between carriers and noncarriers of the mutant TTR. The ratios of the variant to normal TTR in plasma were estimated in asymptomatic FAP offspring and were similar to those found in FAP patients. In contrast, TTR(Met30) was relatively enriched in cerebrospinal fluid samples from two FAP patients. The significance of this finding is not known, but might relate to the preferential deposition of amyloid in the nervous system in FAP. A limited study was conducted involving simultaneous analysis of both stored (collected in 1975) and fresh serum from 20 FAP offspring, all of whom had been asymptomatic in 1975. In every subject, the results obtained with the stored and the fresh serum samples were in agreement. Six of these subjects developed clinical FAP since 1975; TTR(Met30) was present in each of these subjects. These several studies strongly suggest that the presence of TTR(Met30) in plasma constitutes a predictive biochemical marker of FAP in the preclinical phase of the disease.
Timing Anomalies Reloaded (2010)

Computing tight WCET bounds in the presence of timing anomalies - found in almost any modern hardware architecture - is a major challenge of timing analysis. In this paper, we renew the discussion about timing anomalies, demonstrating that even simple hardware architectures are prone to timing anomalies. We furthermore complete the list of timing-anomalous cache replacement policies, proving that the most-recently-used replacement policy (MRU) also exhibits a domino effect.
Kinetic Analysis of the Role of Zinc in the Interaction of Domain 5 of High-Molecular Weight Kininogen (HK) with Heparin (2000)

Previous investigations have shown that HK and its light chain bind heparin, preventing the enhancement of antithrombin inhibition of thrombin and potentiating the inhibition of plasma kallikrein by antithrombin. We found that both HK and HKa bound heparin, but HK exhibited a greater affinity. We therefore localized the binding sites for heparin on HK. HK domains 5 and 6 of the light chain as well as domain 3 from the heavy chain, expressed as glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion proteins in Escherichia coli, were tested for binding to immobilized heparin by surface plasmon resonance using a BiaCore 2000 instrument. GST-D5, but not GST-D3, GST-D6, or GST, bound to heparin when the recombinant domains were present at a concentration of 70 nM. To localize more precisely the amino acid sequences on D5, both of the subdomains, histidine-glycine-rich GST-(K420-D474) and histidine-glycine-lysine-rich GST-(H475-S626), were expressed and tested for binding to immobilized heparin. The K(d) was much lower for GST-(K420-D474) than for GST-(H475-S626) in the presence or absence of Zn(2+). GST-(K420-D474) was effective in decreasing the rate of inactivation of thrombin by antithrombin in the presence of heparin and Zn(2+), while GST-(H475-S626) had no effect. We conclude that the binding of heparin to HK is a complex function of Zn(2+) interacting with histidines in the sequence K420-D474 to create high-affinity binding sites. HK has the potential to be an important modulator of heparin therapy.
Recent Progress in Synthesis of Condensation Polymers (2006)

過去5年間の重縮合系高分子合成の進歩について,重合触媒,分子量および分子量分布の精密制御方法,重縮合反応で生成するポリマーのトポロジー,新規な縮合系高分子のアプローチとしての多重水素結合からなる熱可逆性ポリマーの合成,デンドリマーの簡便な合成に焦点を絞り紹介した.
A Theory of Loop Formation and Elimination By Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity (2010)

We show that the local spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) rule has the effect of regulating the trans-synaptic weights of loops of any length within a simulated network of neurons. We show that depending on STDP's polarity, functional loops are formed or eliminated in networks driven to normal spiking conditions by random, partially correlated inputs, where functional loops comprise synaptic weights that exceed a positive threshold. We further prove that STDP is a form of loop-regulating plasticity for the case of a linear network driven by noise. Thus a notable local synaptic learning rule makes a specific prediction about synapses in the brain in which standard STDP is present: that under normal spiking conditions, they should participate in predominantly feed-forward connections at all scales. Our model implies that any deviations from this prediction would require a substantial modification to the hypothesized role for standard STDP. Given its widespread occurrence in the brain, we predict that STDP could also regulate long range functional loops among individual neurons across all brain scales, up to, and including, the scale of global brain network topology.
Clinical Significance of Lobar Atrophy in Frontotemporal Dementia: Application of an MRI Visual Rating Scale (2007)

MRI findings should form part of the diagnostic criteria for SD; the absence of atrophy on MRI in many behavioural cases raises the prospect that the behavioural syndrome of FTD is not specific for patients with a neurodegenerative disease.
Tripolar nerve cuff recording: stimulus artifact, EMG and the recorded nerve signal (2002)

Properties of nerve cuff recording electrodes were analyzed. Tripolar cuff electrodes have to be described essentially different for (propagating) nerve signals inside the cuff, and electrical muscle activity and stimulus artifacts arising from sources outside the cuff. It was experimentally shown that the signals originating outside the cuff are differently and much stronger influenced by the addition of a balancing resister to the outer cuff electrodes than the nerve signal.
Improving fragmentation of poorly fragmenting peptides and phosphopeptides during collision‐induced dissociation by malondialdehyde modification of arginine residues (2007)

Despite significant technological and methodological advancements in peptide sequencing by mass spectrometry, analyzing peptides that exhibit only poor fragmentation upon collision-induced dissociation (CID) remains a challenge. A major cause for unfavorable fragmentation is insufficient proton 'mobility' due to charge localization at strongly basic sites, in particular, the guanidine group of arginine. We have recently demonstrated that the conversion of the guanidine group of the arginine side chain by malondialdehyde (MDA) is a convenient tool to reduce the basicity of arginine residues and can have beneficial effects for peptide fragmentation. In the present work, we have focused on peptides that typically yield incomplete sequence information in CID-MS/MS experiments. Energy-resolved tandem MS experiments were carried out on angiotensins and arginine-containing phosphopeptides to study in detail the influence of the modification step on the fragmentation process. MDA modification dramatically improved the fragmentation behavior of peptides that exhibited only one or two dominant cleavages in their unmodified form. Neutral loss of phosphoric acid from phosphopeptides carrying phosphoserine and threonine residues was significantly reduced in favor of a higher abundance of fragment ions. Complementary experiments were carried out on three different instrumental platforms (triple-quadrupole, 3D ion trap, quadrupole-linear ion trap hybrid) to ascertain that the observation is a general effect.
Recent insights into androgen action on the anatomical and physiological substrate of penile erection (2006)

可勃起的反应被雄激素集中地并且外围地调整。进雄激素的行动的机制的原来的卓见是雄激素特别地在性欲上施加效果并且响应性爱刺激的勃起是相对雄激素无关的。在男人的性函数在睾丸激素的引用值的低结束要求了雄激素层次，这被显示出。那么看起来睾丸激素不是为有可勃起的困难的男人的有用处理，特别地跟随磷酸二酯酶类型的来临 5 (PDE5 ) 禁止者。然而，与 PDE5 禁止者对待的约 50% 那些中止他们的处理。很多最近的开发在使人变老在可勃起的机能障碍(编辑) 的睾丸激素处理上打开新灯。(1 ) 最近的卓见是与更年轻的男人相对照，老男人可能为正常性工作要求睾丸激素的高水平。(2 ) 几研究显示了 PDE5 禁止者不总是是足够的在男人恢复可勃起的力量，并且那睾丸激素更加改进 therapeutical 反应到 PDE5 禁止者。(3 ) 正在种睾丸激素有的卓见阴茎的纸巾上的深刻效果在勃起和那睾丸激素缺乏的机制包含了损害可勃起的能力的解剖、生理的底层，在雄激素代替之上可逆。PDE5 的合成起来由雄激素调整了，并且进阴茎的动脉的流入被给雄激素改进。上面邀请把睾丸激素给与编辑使人变老的优点的复试 PDE5 禁止者的有益的效果可以最佳地仅仅在 eugonadal 环境被表示。
High-Yield Seeded Growth of Monodisperse Pentatwinned Gold Nanoparticles through Thermally Induced Seed Twinning (2016)

We show that thermal treatment of small Au seeds results in extensive twinning and a subsequent drastic improvement in the yield (>85%) of formation of pentatwinned nanoparticles (NPs), with preselected morphology (nanorods, bipyramids, and decahedra) and aspect ratio. The "quality" of the seeds thus defines the yield of the obtained NPs, which in the case of nanorods avoids the need for additives such as Ag<sup>+</sup> ions. This modified seeded growth method also improves reproducibility, as the seeds can be stored for extended periods of time without compromising the quality of the final NPs. Additionally, minor modification of the seeds with Pd allows their localization within the final particles, which opens new avenues toward mechanistic studies. Together, these results represent a paradigm shift in anisotropic gold NP synthesis.
Tumor suppressor INK4: Refinement of p16<sup>INK4A</sup> structure and determination of p15<sup>INK4B</sup> structure by comparative modeling and NMR data (2000)

Within the tumor suppressor protein INK4 (inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 4) family, p15INK4B is the smallest and the only one whose structure has not been determined previously, probably due to the protein's conformational flexibility and instability. In this work, multidimensional NMR studies were performed on this protein. The first tertiary structure was built by comparative modeling with p16INK4A as the template, followed by restrained energy minimization with NMR constraints (NOE and H-bonds). For this purpose, the solution structure of pl6INK4A, whose quality was also limited by similar problems, was refined with additional NMR experiments conducted on an 800 MHz spectrometer and by structure-based iterative NOE assignments. The nonhelical regions showed major improvement with root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) improved from 1.23 to 0.68 A for backbone heavy atoms. The completion of p15INK4B coupled with refinement of p16INK4A made it possible to compare the structures of the four INK4 members in depth, and to compare the structures of p16INK4A in the free form and in the p16INK4A-CDK6 complex. This is an important step toward a comprehensive understanding of the precise functional roles of each INK4 member.
Instrumental Method for Characterizing Protein Foams (1995)

ABSTRACT A whipping machine for cream analysis (Cream Tester CTII) was used to foam egg white, milk proteins and soy protein isolate. Foam formation and final rigidity were characterized by the current input to the beating motor. In addition, specific volume, rigidity (compressive strength by Instron) and stability (drainage) of the foams were determined by methods that minimized foam damage during handling. Current input during whipping distinguished fresh vs pasteurized egg white and positively correlated with compressive strength of final egg white foams. Such correlation was not found for milk protein and soy protein isolate foams of lower strength and stability.
Gendered voice and robot entities: Perceptions and reactions of male and female subjects (2009)

There is recent evidence that males and females view robots differently, from the way robots are conceptualized, to the way humans respond when they interact with them. In this paper, we further explore gender-based differences in human-robot interaction. Moreover, we provide the first available evidence for sex-related differences in reactions to gendered synthetic voices that are either disembodied or physically embodied within a robot. Results indicate that physical embodiment and perceived entity gender may interact with human sex-related characteristics and pre-experimental attitudes in determining how people respond to artificial entities.
Nuclear S100A7 Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Head and Neck Cancer (2010)

Our study demonstrated nuclear accumulation of S100A7 may serve as predictor of poor prognosis in HNSCC patients. Further, increased nuclear accumulation of S100A7 in HNSCC as compared to dysplastic lesions warrants a large-scale longitudinal study of patients with dysplasia to evaluate its potential as a determinant of increased risk of transformation of oral premalignant lesions.
Interactions in the integer quantum Hall effect (2007)

This thesis captures a numerical study of the interplay between disorder and electron-electron interactions within the integer quantum Hall effect, a regime where the presence of a strong magnetic field and two-dimensional confinement of the electrons profoundly affects the electronic properties. Prompted by recent novel experimental results, we particularly emphasise the behaviour of the electronic compressibility as a joint function of magnetic field and electron density, which appears to be insufficiently accounted for by the widely used independent-particle model. Our treatment of the electron-electron interactions relies on the Hartree-Fock approximation so as to achieve system sizes comparable to the experimental situation. We find numerical evidence for various interaction-mediated effects, such as non-linear screening, local charging, and g-factor enhancement. Important implications for the phase diagram may arise, although a study of the scaling of the participation ratio seems to imply a universal critical behaviour independent of interactions. Furthermore, we examine the Hall conductivity in a similar fashion, which also displayed interaction-promoted features in transport measurements. Our mesoscopic simulations only reproduce some of the observed features, suggesting the presence of effects beyond numerical tractability. Finally, we model scanning tunneling spectroscopy experiments and systematically investigate the influence of the tip induced potential as well as the interactions among the electrons. Our results show a strong dependence on the filling factor and may greatly assist the interpretation of such spectroscopy data.
Combination of multiple observation videos based on face angle estimation (2015)

While observing and recording specific people,multiple videos are needed for sufficient information gathering,which leads to storage of abundant useless data and results in difficulty for searching and analyzing of observation videos. A combination method of multiple observation videos based on face angle estimation is proposed to solve this problem. A single video which only contains facing scenes of moving people is obtained and stored by splitting multiple observation videos,detecting face and recombining based on the face angle estimation.Experiments verify the feasibility of this method and the influence of asynchronous videos is discussed.