gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Yoga Therapy and Polyvagal Theory: The Convergence of Traditional Wisdom and Contemporary Neuroscience for Self-Regulation and Resilience (2018)

Yoga therapy is a newly emerging, self-regulating complementary and integrative healthcare (CIH) practice. It is growing in its professionalization, recognition and utilization with a demonstrated commitment to setting practice standards, educational and accreditation standards, and promoting research to support its efficacy for various populations and conditions. However, heterogeneity of practice, poor reporting standards, and lack of a broadly accepted understanding of the neurophysiological mechanisms involved in yoga therapy limits the structuring of testable hypotheses and clinical applications. Current proposed frameworks of yoga-based practices focus on the integration of bottom-up neurophysiological and top-down neurocognitive mechanisms. In addition, it has been proposed that phenomenology and first person ethical inquiry can provide a lens through which yoga therapy is viewed as a process that contributes towards eudaimonic well-being in the experience of pain, illness or disability. In this article we build on these frameworks, and propose a model of yoga therapy that converges with Polyvagal Theory (PVT). PVT links the evolution of the autonomic nervous system to the emergence of prosocial behaviors and posits that the neural platforms supporting social behavior are involved in maintaining health, growth and restoration. This explanatory model which connects neurophysiological patterns of autonomic regulation and expression of emotional and social behavior, is increasingly utilized as a framework for understanding human behavior, stress and illness. Specifically, we describe how PVT can be conceptualized as a neurophysiological counterpart to the yogic concept of the <i>gunas</i>, or qualities of nature. Similar to the neural platforms described in PVT, the <i>gunas</i> provide the foundation from which behavioral, emotional and physical attributes emerge. We describe how these two different yet analogous frameworks-one based in neurophysiology and the other in an ancient wisdom tradition-highlight yoga therapy's promotion of physical, mental and social wellbeing for self-regulation and resilience. This parallel between the neural platforms of PVT and the <i>gunas</i> of yoga is instrumental in creating a translational framework for yoga therapy to align with its philosophical foundations. Consequently, yoga therapy can operate as a distinct practice rather than fitting into an outside model for its utilization in research and clinical contexts.
Gait speed in Parkinson disease correlates with cholinergic degeneration (2013)

Comorbid cortical cholinergic denervation is a more robust marker of slowing of gait in PD than nigrostriatal denervation alone. Gait speed is not significantly slower than normal in subjects with PD with relatively isolated nigrostriatal denervation.
Carbamate Polymers as Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitors (2016)

Formation of gas hydrates is a problem in the petroleum industry, where the gas hydrates can cause blockage of the flowlines. Kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) are water-soluble polymers that are used to prevent gas hydrate blockages, and they have been used in the field successfully. In this paper we present the first KHI performance results of a series of polymers containing pendant carbamate groups, poly(hydroxyl-N-alkylcarbamate)s. Similar polymers have been investigated as KHIs before, some of which have been commercialized. Hydroxyalkylcarbamates with varying alkyl pendant groups from methyl to iso-butyl are reported. It was found that increasing the pendant alkyl chain and branching gave increasing KHI performance; however, the polymer also became significantly less soluble in water or had a very low cloud point temperature (TCl). Both solubility and TCl were slightly improved by copolymerization, and we found that the copolymer with pendant iso-butyl- and methylcarbamate 2:1 and 3:1 gave the best results of average To = 8.5 and 8.4 °C, respectively. A copolymer of 2.5:1 with pendant iso-butyl- and methylcarbamate was also investigated at concentrations ranging from 1000 to 7000 ppm, where the increased polymer concentration showed increasing KHI performance.
Tracing Resource Usage over Heterogeneous Grid Platforms: A Prototype RUS Interface for DGAS (2007)

Tracing resource usage by Grid users is of utmost importance especially in the context of large-scale scientific collaborations such as within the High Energy Physics (HEP) community to guarantee fairness of resource sharing, but many difficulties can arise when tracing the resource usage of distributed applications over heterogeneous Grid platforms. These difficulties are often related to a lack of interoperability of the accounting components across middlewares. This paper brie y describes the architecture and workflow of the Distributed Grid Accounting System (DGAS) [1] and evaluates the possibility to extend it with a Resource Usage Service (RUS) [2, 3] interface according to the Open Grid Forum (OGF) sped cation that allows to store and retrieve OGF Usage Records (URs) [4, 5] via Web Services. In this context the OGF RUS and UR sped cations are critically analyzed. Furthermore, a prototype of a RUS interface for DGAS (DGAS-RUS) is presented and the most recent test results towards a full interoperability between heterogeneous Grid platforms are outlined.
Identification and characterization of a porcine‐specific transferrin receptor in <i>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae</i> (1990)

All six strains of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae screened for the ability to use different transferrins as a source of iron for growth were capable of using porcine but not human, bovine, or avian transferrins. A specific binding activity for porcine transferrin (pTf) was expressed in cells grown in the presence of specific iron-chelators and was repressed by addition of excess iron. Two iron-repressible outer-membrane proteins of 105 and 56 kD were specifically isolated from serotype 1, 2 and 7 strains of A. pleuropneumoniae by an affinity-isolation method using biotinylated porcine transferrin and streptavidin-agarose.
Compressed -Air Energy Storage (CAES): Overview, Performance and Cost Data for 25MW to 220MW Plants (1985)

Comparative results are presented for the performance and cost data of 25MW-220MW compressed-air energy storage (CAES) power plants. The data include steady-state and dynamic load following characteristics, turbomachinery versus storage costs and siting flexibility for this type of energy storage power plant. Also presented is a description of the various types of air storage geologic formations available in about 3/4 of the United States.
Performance Analysis of an Electrostatic Switched Radiator Using Heat-Flux-Based Emissivity Measurement (2008)

The heat-flux-based emissivity measurement technique developed in our earlier work has been used to study the performance of an electrostatic switched radiator. The capability of fast and accurate measurement of the real-time changes in emissivity enabled by this technique allowed understanding of the transient behavior during activation, as well as identification of a major failure mode of the second-generation electrostatic radiator. A solution for resolution of this failure mode was then proposed and successfully tested, producing accurate and repeatable results over many cycles. A change in emissivity of 0.52 was achieved with 280 V applied, among the best consistent results achieved through electrostatic technology. The current work offers further understanding of electrostatic radiator performance and its application to space vehicles.
Polyhedral cavity structure for linac colliders (2007)

A polyhedral superconducting cavity is being developed for possible use in linac colliders. The side view of the cavity has the ellipsoidal contour of a Tesla-type multi- cell string, yet the end view has the shape of a dodecahedron. Each of the twelve copper wedges has the TESLA contour cut out by EDM. The copper segments have refrigeration channels gun bored through them and the solid structure eliminates Lorentz detuning. A niobium foil is bonded to the inner surface of the wedge and then the twelve are assembled to create the superconducting cavity. There are no welds, and the seams between adjacent segments do not affect the high Q of the accelerating mode but at the same time block the azimuthal currents of deflecting modes. The power coupled into deflecting modes can be slot-coupled at the seams into waveguides integrated in the copper segments and conveyed to a warm termination. This open geometry makes each seg ment readily available for cleaning, polishing, inspection, and characterization. The accessibility to the surface accommodates advanced superconductors that may allow for higher gradients. The performance of these materials can be tested in a superconducting test cavity.
Extrinsic germanium Blocked Impurity Bank (BIB) detectors (1989)

Ge:Ga blocked-impurity-band (BIB) detectors with long wavelength thresholds greater than 190 microns and peak quantum efficiencies of 4 percent, at an operating temperature of 1.8 K, have been fabricated. These proof of concept devices consist of a high purity germanium blocking layer epitaxially grown on a Ga-doped Ge substrate. This demonstration of BIB behavior in germanium enables the development of far infrared detector arrays similar to the current silicon-based devices. Present efforts are focussed on improving the chemical vapor deposition process used to create the blocking layer and on the lithographic processing required to produce monolithic detector arrays in germanium. Approaches to test the impurity levels in both the blocking and active layers are considered.
Learning-based deformable registration of MR brain images (2006)

This paper presents a learning-based method for deformable registration of magnetic resonance (MR) brain images. There are two novelties in the proposed registration method. First, a set of best-scale geometric features are selected for each point in the brain, in order to facilitate correspondence detection during the registration procedure. This is achieved by optimizing an energy function that requires each point to have its best-scale geometric features consistent over the corresponding points in the training samples, and at the same time distinctive from those of nearby points in the neighborhood. Second, the active points used to drive the brain registration are hierarchically selected during the registration procedure, based on their saliency and consistency measures. That is, the image points with salient and consistent features (across different individuals) are considered for the initial registration of two images, while other less salient and consistent points join the registration procedure later. By incorporating these two novel strategies into the framework of the HAMMER registration algorithm, the registration accuracy has been improved according to the results on simulated brain data, and also visible improvement is observed particularly in the cortical regions of real brain data.
Investigating mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors for their anticancer properties (2006)

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key element of the PI3KAkt (protein kinase B) signalling pathway, responsible for the regulation of cell growth and proliferation. There are two main downstream messengers of the mTOR kinase, eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein-1 and the 40S ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1, that control translation and cell-cycle progression. Abnormal activation of the mTOR pathway occurs frequently in numerous human malignancies; therefore, mTOR represents an attractive target for anticancer drug development. Rapamycin and its analogues CCI-779, RAD-001 and AP-23573 are known specific inhibitors of the mTOR kinase. Several clinical Phase I/II trials showed their activity in solid tumours and haematological malignancies. Moreover, inhibitors of mTOR were found to synergise with some cytostatics or other biological agents, which seems to be a promising direction for future strategies of antitumour treatment.
Effect of mitochondrial uncouplers niclosamide ethanolamine (NEN) and oxyclozanide on hepatic metastasis of colon cancer (2018)

Metabolism of cancer cells is characterized by aerobic glycolysis, or the Warburg effect. Aerobic glycolysis reduces pyruvate flux into mitochondria, preventing a complete oxidation of glucose and shunting glucose to anabolic pathways essential for cell proliferation. Here we tested a new strategy, mitochondrial uncoupling, for its potential of antagonizing the anabolic effect of aerobic glycolysis and for its potential anticancer activities. Mitochondrial uncoupling is a process that facilitates proton influx across the mitochondrial inner membrane without generating ATP, stimulating a futile cycle of acetyl- CoA oxidation. We tested two safe mitochondrial uncouplers, NEN (niclosamide ethanolamine) and oxyclozanide, on their metabolic effects and anti-cancer activities. We used metabolomic NMR to examine the effect of mitochondrial uncoupling on glucose metabolism in colon cancer MC38 cells. We further tested the anti-cancer effect of NEN and oxyclozanide in cultured cell models, APC<sup>min/+</sup> mouse model, and a metastatic colon cancer mouse model. Using a metabolomic NMR approach, we demonstrated that mitochondrial uncoupling promotes pyruvate influx to mitochondria and reduces various anabolic pathway activities. Moreover, mitochondrial uncoupling inhibits cell proliferation and reduces clonogenicity of cultured colon cancer cells. Furthermore, oral treatment with mitochondrial uncouplers reduces intestinal polyp formation in APC<sup>min/+</sup> mice, and diminishes hepatic metastasis of colon cancer cells transplanted intrasplenically. Our data highlight a unique approach for targeting cancer cell metabolism for cancer prevention and treatment, identified two prototype compounds, and shed light on the anti-cancer mechanism of niclosamide.
Local Recurrences and Distant Metastases After Conservative Breast Cancer Treatments: Partly Independent Events (1995)

Local recurrences and distant metastases are partially independent events that occur at different times; several predicting factors also differ. However, women with local recurrences have increased risk of distant metastases. In particular, women 35 years old or younger at first diagnosis who had initial peritumoral lymphatic invasion and local recurrence within 2 years are at high risk for distant spread. For recurrence in cases with an extensive intraductal component or where initial local surgery was possibly inadequate, women are at lower risk.
Surface-Induced Dissociation of Peptides and Protein Complexes in a Quadrupole/Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer (2008)

A novel in-line surface-induced dissociation (SID) device was designed and implemented in a commercial QTOF instrument (Waters/Micromass QTOF II). This new setup allows efficient SID for a broad range of molecules. It also allows direct comparison with conventional collision-induced dissociation (CID) on the same instrument, taking advantage of the characteristics of QTOF instrumentation, including extended mass range, improved sensitivity, and better resolution compared with quadrupole analyzers and ion traps. Various peptides and a noncovalent protein complex have been electrosprayed and analyzed with the new SID setup. Here we present SID of leucine enkephalin, fibrinopeptide A, melittin, insulin chain-B, and a noncovalent protein complex from wheat, heat shock protein 16.9. The SID spectra were also compared to CID spectra. With the SID setup installed, ion transmission proved to be efficient. SID fragmentation patterns of peptides are, in general, similar to CID, with differences in the relative intensities of some peaks such as immonium ions, backbone cleavage b- versus y-type ions, and y- versus y-NH3 ions, suggesting enhanced accessibility to high-energy/secondary fragmentation channels with SID. Furthermore, these results demonstrate that the in-line SID setup is a valid substitute for CID, with potential advantages for activation of singly/multiply charged peptides and larger species such as noncovalent protein complexes.
Second-harmonic generation in fibers (1987)

In this analytical paper, a formalismfor second-harmonic and sum-frequency generation in glass fibers is developed. It considers only the lowest-order nonlinearities in regular, step-index fibers. Plots showing the dependence of index-matching frequencies on the core radius and index difference across the core-cladding interface are given. Estimates are given for the conversion efficiencies due to the nonlinear polarization at the core-cladding interface and the bulk nonlinear polarization proportional to E ∇E, which includes quadrupolar terms. It is concluded that the interface effects would be dominant. Calculations for the longitudinal-electric-field-induced nonlinear polarization proportional to E2 that involve the same mode coupling are also included. The calculated conversion efficiencies are small and cannot explain the recently observed high conversion efficiencies that were obtained under nonindex-matched conditions. A maximum conversion efficiency of around 10−5 is predicted under index-matching conditions.
Drilling-Vibrations Modeling and Field Validation (2008)

This article, written by Assistant Technology Editor Karen Bybee, contains highlights of paper SPE 112650, "Drilling- Vibrations Modeling and Field Validation," by J.R. Bailey, SPE, E.A.O. Biediger, SPE, V. Gupta, SPE, D. Ertas, SPE, W.C. Elks, SPE, and F.E. Dupriest, SPE, ExxonMobil, originally prepared for the 2008 IADC/SPE Drilling Conference, Orlando, Florida, 4-6 March. The paper has not been peer reviewed. A modeling tool has been developed that enables drilling engineers to design vibration-resistant bottomhole assemblies (BHAs), given tool-placement constraints and desired directional objectives. This model can be applied to configurations with the majority of common drilling components. Modeling results have been validated in large, intermediate, and small hole sizes. Redesign has resulted in improved drilling results, including increased on-bottom drilling time, longer tool life, higher rate of penetration (ROP), reduced nonproductive time associated with tripping, and better hole quality. Introduction Vibration of drillstrings and BHAs has contributed to operational problems since rotary drilling was first invented. Failure of drillstring components, such as rotary-steerable (RS) BHAs or logging-while-drilling (LWD) tools, may result in nonproductive time while tripping to replace the failed equipment. Downhole components may eventually part so that fishing or sidetracking operations are required. In some situations, equipment failure also can result in well abandonment. In addition to these unplanned events, whirl or lateral vibration causes the cutting action of the bit to be inefficient, and ROP may decline significantly. The operator drills approximately four million ft of hole each year, and mechanical-specific-energy (MSE) analysis suggests that the performance in more than 40% of this footage is affected adversely by whirl. At various times in the past, investigators have focused on certain elements of the drillstring-dynamics problem and have made some progress, to be succeeded by new theories using generally more-complicated models. The current activity is marked by an emphasis on digital-data collection using both surface and downhole instruments, and the use of time-domain modeling to take advantage of increasing computing power. The full-length paper represents an attempt by the operator to strike a forward path by maximizing the benefits of both worlds: using digital systems to take measurements only recently made possible and developing and using sophisticated frequency-domain dynamic-modeling tools to characterize the dynamic performance of BHAs.
Discovering Low-Precision Networks Close to Full-Precision Networks for Efficient Embedded Inference (2018)

To realize the promise of ubiquitous embedded deep network inference, it is essential to seek limits of energy and area efficiency. To this end, low-precision networks offer tremendous promise because both energy and area scale down quadratically with the reduction in precision. Here we demonstrate ResNet-18, -34, -50, -152, Inception-v3, Densenet-161, and VGG-16bn networks on the ImageNet classification benchmark that, at 8-bit precision exceed the accuracy of the full-precision baseline networks after one epoch of finetuning, thereby leveraging the availability of pretrained models. We also demonstrate ResNet-18, -34, -50, -152, Densenet-161, and VGG-16bn 4-bit models that match the accuracy of the full-precision baseline networks -- the highest scores to date. Surprisingly, the weights of the low-precision networks are very close (in cosine similarity) to the weights of the corresponding baseline networks, making training from scratch unnecessary. We find that gradient noise due to quantization during training increases with reduced precision, and seek ways to overcome this noise. The number of iterations required by SGD to achieve a given training error is related to the square of (a) the distance of the initial solution from the final plus (b) the maximum variance of the gradient estimates. Therefore, we (a) reduce solution distance by starting with pretrained fp32 precision baseline networks and fine-tuning, and (b) combat gradient noise introduced by quantization by training longer and reducing learning rates. Sensitivity analysis indicates that these simple techniques, coupled with proper activation function range calibration to take full advantage of the limited precision, are sufficient to discover low-precision networks, if they exist, close to fp32 precision baseline networks. The results herein provide evidence that 4-bits suffice for classification.
Best Frequency for Temperature Modulation of Tin Oxide Gas Sensor for Chemical Vapor Identification (2014)

Abstract — In this paper, we describe a method of optimum temperature modulation of metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) based gas sensor, operated in dynamic temperature measurement for identification of gas. The volatile organic compound (VOC) sample space consists of fourteen laboratory chemicals sampled at various concentration. We have used eleven number of gas sensors, manufactured by Figaro sensors, Japan. The heater of the sensors were modulated with sawtooth heating waveform of different frequency. Features were obtained from the response waveforms using wavelet transformation. The best frequency of heating waveform were determined using classification accuracy obtained using support vector machine.
Hybrid metrology implementation: server approach (2015)

Hybrid metrology (HM) is the practice of combining measurements from multiple toolset types in order to enable or improve metrology for advanced structures. HM is implemented in two phases: Phase-1 includes readiness of the infrastructure to transfer processed data from the first toolset to the second. Phase-2 infrastructure allows simultaneous transfer and optimization of raw data between toolsets such as spectra, images, traces – co-optimization. We discuss the extension of Phase-1 to include direct high-bandwidth communication between toolsets using a hybrid server, enabling seamless fab deployment and further laying the groundwork for Phase-2 high volume manufacturing (HVM) implementation. An example of the communication protocol shows the information that can be used by the hybrid server, differentiating its capabilities from that of a host-based approach. We demonstrate qualification and production implementation of the hybrid server approach using CD-SEM and OCD toolsets for complex 20nm and 14nm applications. Finally we discuss the roadmap for Phase-2 HM implementation through use of the hybrid server.