gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tyrosine phosphorylation of murine Crkl. (1995)

The SH2/SH3 adaptor protein Crkl is abnormally phosphorylated on tyrosine by the Bcr/Abl protein in leukemic cells from patients with Philadelphia-chromosome (Ph)positive leukemia. However, the state of tyrosine-phosphorylation of crkl in normal tissues is unknown. In the current study, we identified mouse crkl by cDNA cloning and examined expression levels and tyrosine-phosphorylation of the mouse crkl protein during embryogenesis and in adult tissues. Tyrosine-phosphorylation of crkl was prominent during early development, but decreased at later embryonic stages and in newborn mice. Expression of both crkl and the related crk was ubiquitous in the adult. However, crkl differed considerably from crk in relative tissue distribution, and was more abundant in hematopoietic tissues. With exception of the lung, crkl was mostly present in a non-tyrosine phosphorylated form. Consistent with our previous findings in human patients, murine crkl was phosphorylated on tyrosine in leukemic tissues of BCR/ABL transgenic animals, but was non-tyrosine phosphorylated in normal mouse bone marrow. We conclude that this crkl tyrosine-phosphorylation by Bcr/Abl in hematopoietic cells is clearly aberrant and is consistently linked to the development of leukemia. Identification of proteins interacting with tyrosine-phosphorylated crkl in the leukemic cells of BCR/ABL transgenic mice should reveal members of signal transduction pathways activated in Ph-positive leukemia.
Th17/Treg ratio in human graft-versus-host disease (2010)

Th17 cells have never been explored in human graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). We studied the correlation between the presence of Th17 cells with histologic and clinical parameters. We first analyzed a cohort of 40 patients with GVHD of the gastrointestinal tract. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), TNF receptors, and Fas expression, and apoptotic cells, CD4(+)IL-17(+) cells (Th17), and CD4(+)Foxp3(+) cells (Treg) were quantified. A Th17/Treg ratio less than 1 correlated both with the clinical diagnosis (P < .001) and more than 2 pathologic grades (P < .001). A Th17/Treg ratio less than 1 also correlated with the intensity of apoptosis of epithelial cells (P = .03), Fas expression in the cellular infiltrate (P = .003), TNF, and TNF receptor expression (P < .001). We then assessed Th17/Treg ratio in 2 other independent cohorts; a second cohort of 30 patients and confirmed that Th17/Treg ratio less than 1 correlated with the pathologic grade of GI GVHD. Finally, 15 patients with skin GVHD and 11 patients with skin rash but without pathologic GVHD were studied. Results in this third cohort of patients with skin disease confirmed those found in patients with GI GVHD. These analyses in 96 patients suggest that Th17/Treg ratio could be a sensitive and specific pathologic in situ biomarker of GVHD.
Investigation of Tritium Self-Sufficiency for FFHR2 Design with Liquid Li Self-Cooled Blanket System (2011)

In conceptual design of a fusion reactor, tritium self-sufficiency IS one of fundamental neutronics perfonnances detennining the feasibility.It is evaluated with a tritium breeding ratio (TBR), i.e. a ratio of tritium quantity produced in a blanket to that burned in DT plasma during operation, and TBR> I is required for DT fusion reactors as permanent power source.Tritium is produced in a blanket region by nuclear reactions of neutrons and lithium atoms contained in breeder materials such as Li2 TiO], Flibe, liquid Li etc.Most of reactor concepts achieve the condition of TBR> I by enhancing tritium production rate with beryllium neutron multiplier, which is sparse material on the earth.In
Magnetic studies of polymer-coated Fe nanoparticles synthesized by microwave plasma polymerization (2001)

Static and dynamic magnetic experiments were conducted on polymer-coated Fe nanoparticles synthesized by a microwave plasma method. Transmission electron microscopy indicates the formation of 15–20 nm particles and agglomerated clusters. The field-dependent magnetization (M–H) data show the presence of sharp switching at low fields (∼60 Oe) followed by a gradual approach to saturation. A saturation magnetization of Ms∼80 emu/g is obtained for the nanopowder. Dynamic transverse susceptibility using a radio-frequency resonant method provides evidence for sharp switching fields and a broad distribution in anisotropy fields. These results indicate that the polymer coating plays an effective role in the underlying magnetic response of the particles.
Porphyrins for boron neutron capture therapy (2023)

Novel compounds for treatment of brain tumors in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy are disclosed. A method for preparing the compounds as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing said compounds are also disclosed. The compounds are water soluble, non-toxic and non-labile boronated porphyrins which show significant uptake and retention in tumors.
Establishing soft tissue integration with natural tooth-shaped abutments. (1998)

The disparity in dimensions between implant fixtures and the exposed extraction sockets has resulted in the development of anatomically shaped abutments. Systems have been recently introduced that facilitate the fabrication of abutments to the configuration of natural teeth in the anterior maxilla. These systems permit development of an aesthetic emergence profile and contours for easy access in maintenance of oral hygiene of maxillary anterior single-tooth implant-supported restorations. The rationale for the development, indications, advantages, and clinical utilization of a recently introduced abutment system is discussed.
A Combined Selection of Fragmentation and Allocation Schemes in Parallel Data Warehouses (2008)

The process of designing a parallel data warehouse has two main steps: (1) fragmentation and (2) allocation of generated fragments at various nodes. Usually, fragmentation and allocation tasks are used iteratively (we first split the warehouse horizontally and then allocate fragments over the nodes). The main drawback of such design approach (called iterative) is that it does not take into account the interdependencies between fragmentation and allocation since the generated fragments are the input of data allocation problem. In this paper, we consider a parallel data warehouse design approach combining data fragmentation and allocation. Its main characteristic is that it decides on the quality of the allocation schema when fragmenting the warehouse. Our approach is validated using computational tests over a variety of parameter values.
Poly(L‐lactide). IX. Hydrolysis in acid media (2002)

Abstract Amorphous and crystallized poly( L ‐lactide) (PLLA) films are prepared by quenching and annealing at 140°C for 600 min, respectively, from the melt. Their hydrolysis is investigated at pH 2.0 in HCl and DL ‐lactic acid (DLLA) solutions (37°C) for up to 300 days, and the results are compared with those obtained for PLLA films hydrolyzed at pH 7.4 (phosphate‐buffered solution) and pH 12 (NaOH solution). The changes in the weight loss and molecular weight distribution of the PLLA films during hydrolysis in the acid media reveals that their hydrolysis proceeds homogeneously along the film cross section by mainly a bulk erosion mechanism. Moreover, the durability of PLLA films in the acid media is very similar to that in the neutral medium but higher than that in the alkaline medium. The hydrolysis rate constant values ( k ) of the initially amorphous PLLA0 film evaluated from the changes in the number‐average molecular weight were 3.0 and 2.4 × 10 −3 day −1 at pH 2.0 in the HCl and DLLA solutions, respectively. These k values are very similar to 2.6 × 10 −3 day −1 at pH 7.4 in the phosphate‐buffered solution. The similar k values and the negligible weight loss after the hydrolysis for 300 days reflect that the hydronium ions and the lactic acid oligomers and monomers have insignificant catalytic effects on the hydrolysis of the PLLA films. Increasing the initial crystallinity of the PLLA film increases the hydrolysis rate in the HCl solution, whereas increasing the initial crystallinity of the PLLA film does not alter the hydrolysis rate in the DLLA solution. The differential scanning calorimetry results show that the crystallization of PLLA chains occurs during the hydrolysis, irrespective of the hydrolysis acid media and the initial crystallinity. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 186–194, 2002
Dual-function electroabsorption waveguide modulator/detector for optoelectronic transceiver applications (1996)

A Franz-Keldysh effect InGaAsP electroabsorption waveguide device is utilized as a high-frequency, high-linear dynamic range modulator and photodetector. The dual-function modulator/photodetector can be useful in compact transmit/receive front end antenna architectures. Adjusting the electrical bias to the reverse-biased p-i-n diode, either efficient optical modulation or detection is demonstrated. As an electroabsorption modulator, a fiber optic link with a -17.4-dB RF loss and a 124-dB-Hz/sup 4/5/ suboctave spurious-free dynamic range is obtained with electrical biases in the 2 to 3 V range. As a waveguide photodetector, a 0.45-A/W fiber coupled responsivity, photocurrents up to 20 mA, and an output second-order intercept of +34.5 dBm are achieved at 7-V electrical bias.
Fast, Accurate, and Realizable Two-Qubit Entangling Gates by Quantum Interference in Detuned Rabi Cycles of Rydberg Atoms (2019)

Ultracold neutral atoms offer a promising route toward scalable quantum computing---a route that is unfortunately hindered by Doppler dephasing, a major stumbling block that spoils the fidelity of entangling gates. This study uses a theory based on quantum interference to show that it is possible to significantly suppress Doppler dephasing, allowing a high-fidelity entangling gate even with present-day technology. The interference-induced entanglement described here not only lays a foundation for such neutral-atom gates, but also sheds light on quantum information science involving other physical systems.
Interleukin-18, a proinflammatory cytokine. (2000)

Although IL-18 is an inducer of IFN-gamma and Th1 responses. IL-18 is a proinflammatory cytokine by several criteria. In several animal models. antibodies that neutralize endogenous IL-18 reduce the severity of disease. Endotoxin lethality is prevented by anti-IL-18. Even in models that are interferon-y independent, neutralization of IL-18 prolongs survival. Anti-IL-18 also protects the liver against cellular injury induced by toxins or activated T cells. In models of hepatic melanoma metastasis. IL-18 blockade reduces the adherence of malignant cells by preventing IL-18 upregulation of vascular endothelial adhesion-1 molecule expression. IL-18 and IL-12 act synergistically to stimulate I cells and natural killer cells to produce IFN-gamma but neutralization of IL-18 prevents IL-12 induction of IFN-gamma. IL-18. like several cytokines. can be used to enhance host defense against tumors in mice a mechanism that is most often IFN-gamma-dependent. Nevertheless. it is the proinflammatory portfolio of IL-18 which likely contributes to enhanced host defenses. In models or arthritis, lung injury or inflammatory bowel disease, neutralization of IL-18 reveals the important role of this cytokine in mediating inflammation.
Effects of Ultra-High Pressure Homogenization on Microbial and Physicochemical Shelf Life of Milk (2007)

The effect of ultra-high pressure homogenization (UHPH) on microbial and physicochemical shelf life of milk during storage at 4 degrees C was studied and compared with a conventional heat preservation technology used in industry. Milk was standardized at 3.5% fat and was processed using a Stansted high-pressure homogenizer. High-pressure treatments applied were 100, 200, and 300 MPa (single stage) with a milk inlet temperature of 40 degrees C, and 200 and 300 MPa (single stage) with a milk inlet temperature of 30 degrees C. The UHPH-treated milks were compared with high-pasteurized milk (PA; 90 degrees C for 15 s). The microbiological quality was studied by enumerating total counts, psychrotropic bacteria, lactococci, lactobacilli, enterococci, coliforms, spores, and Pseudomonas. Physicochemical parameters assessed in milks were viscosity, color, pH, acidity, rate of creaming, particle size, and residual peroxidase and phosphatase activities. Immediately after treatment, UHPH was as efficient (99.99%) in reducing psychrotrophic, lactococci, and total bacteria as was the PA treatment, reaching reductions of 3.5 log cfu/mL. Coliforms, lactobacilli, and enterococci were eliminated. Microbial results of treated milks during storage at 4 degrees C showed that UHPH treatment produced milk with a microbial shelf life between 14 and 18 d, similar to that achieved for PA milk. The UHPH treatments reduced the L* value of treated milks and induced a reduction in viscosity values of milks treated at 200 MPa compared with PA milks; however, these differences would not be appreciated by consumers. In spite of the fat aggregates detected in milks treated at 300 MPa, no creaming was observed in any UHPH-treated milk. Hence, alternative methods such as UHPH may give new opportunities to develop fluid milk with an equivalent shelf life to that of PA milk in terms of microbial and physicochemical characteristics.
<i>RUNX1</i> Mutations Are Associated With Poor Outcome in Younger and Older Patients With Cytogenetically Normal Acute Myeloid Leukemia and With Distinct Gene and MicroRNA Expression Signatures (2012)

RUNX1 mutations are twice as common in older than younger patients with CN-AML and negatively impact outcome in both age groups. RUNX1-mutated blasts have molecular features of primitive hematopoietic and lymphoid progenitors, potentially leading to novel therapeutic approaches.
Spatial-temporal event prediction: a new model (2002)

A new model for predicting the probability of occurrence of spatial-temporal random events is proposed based on the theory of point patterns. The model allows for the incorporation of observed event characteristics or features into space-time prediction. Effective and efficient prediction also involves identifying the key characteristics or features that explain the spatial pattern as a preliminary step. A clustering-based criterion is presented to address the feature subset selection problem.
You are who you know (2010)

Online social networks are now a popular way for users to connect, express themselves, and share content. Users in today's online social networks often post a profile, consisting of attributes like geographic location, interests, and schools attended. Such profile information is used on the sites as a basis for grouping users, for sharing content, and for suggesting users who may benefit from interaction. However, in practice, not all users provide these attributes.
Programming disturbance and cell scaling in phase change memory: For up to 16nm based 4F<sup>2</sup> cell (2010)

We focus here on the promising solutions to overcome thermal-induced erase failure of the unselected neighbor cell while a selected cell is being programmed to reset state with a high-current pulse. Our physical analysis directly demonstrate that this parasitic heating in Ge <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> Sb <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> Te <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</inf> based cell leads to partial crystallization in the amorphous reset state and to a consequent resistance decrease with disturbing current. Systematic approaches compatible with disturbance-free are addressed to achieve a highly scalable architecture, which can provide the physical and electrical criteria for phase change memory (PCM) up to 16nm technology node.
Attention allocation in information-rich environments (2012)

Few industries have suffered more severe disruption by digital technologies than news and journalism. Traditional content creators, such as newspapers, are witnessing their geographical monopolies dissolving into the globally competitive Internet and some of their most important sources of revenue, such as classified ads, migrating to specialized online marketplaces like eBay and Craigslist. User-generated content, such as blogs and online reviews, has increased the supply of content that often competes head-on for readers' attention with professionally produced content.
A Green and Simple Protocol for Extraction and Application of a Peroxidase-Rich Enzymatic Extract (2020)

Recently there is a great social expectation that scientists should produce more sustainable and environmentally friendly chemical processes. Within this necessity, biocatalysis presents many attractive features because reactions are often performed in water, under mild conditions, the catalyst is biodegradable and can be obtained from renewable raw materials. In this work, we propose a simple, rapid and low-cost method for the preparation and application of an enzymatic extract from turnip root. The protocol described includes (1) the preparation of the enzymatic extract, (2) the procedure for the assessment of the more favorable working parameters (temperature, pH) and (3) the methodology for the application of the extract as the catalyst for biotransformation reactions. We anticipate that the protocol in this research will provide a simple way for obtaining an enzymatic extract which can operate efficiently under mild conditions and can effectively catalyze the biotransformation of simple phenols.
Spurious Free SAW Resonators on Layered Substrate with Ultra-High Q, High Coupling and Small TCF (2018)

A new type of surface acoustic wave (SAW)configuration consisting of a very thin single crystal piezoelectric film bonded onto a support substrate (layered substrate)has been actively developed in recent years. This layered SAW structure exhibits superior performance compared to conventional SAW or temperature compensated (TC)SAW, with SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> over coat, on traditional piezoelectric substrates through a higher quality factor (Q), higher electromechanical coupling factor (k <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) and smaller temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF). However, without a careful design of the substrate, the layered SAW potentially has spurious responses in the out-of-band frequencies due to higher order modes guided in the layer. This paper focuses on the design of layered substrate not only to optimize its narrow band characteristics (Q, k <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , TCF)but also for eliminating the out-of-band spurious responses. By using a finite element method / boundary element method (FEM/BEM)approach, requirements for the substrate velocity and piezoelectric layer thickness are derived to avoid the presence of spurious modes. Based on the analyses, a new orientation of quartz is proposed as a spurious free support substrate. Sapphire as well as new quartz is selected as a demonstration support substrate and bonded wafers are fabricated using LiTaO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> (LT)piezoelectric thin film. Fabricated SAW resonators on LT/sapphire confirm ultra-high Q (>7,000), high k <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> (9.0%)and small TCF (-2 ppm/K)at 1 GHz, but have several out-of-band spurious responses. LT/new quartz SAW resonators also show ultra-high Q (>6,000), high k <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> (9.9%)and small TCF (-23 ppm/K)at 1 GHz, and achieve a spurious free out-of-band response as expected.
Identification of distinct receptors for two hemopoietic growth factors (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and multipotential colony-stimulating factor) by chemical cross-linking. (1986)

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and multipotential colony-stimulating factor (multi-CSF or interleukin 3) are two members of a family of hemopoietic growth and differentiation factors. Using biologically active radioiodinated derivatives and chemical cross-linking (predominantly with the homobifunctional reagent disuccinimidyl suberate) followed by gel electrophoresis and autoradiography, receptors for these two factors have been identified. The G-CSF receptor was identified as a single subunit protein of Mr approximately 150,000 while two molecular species able to specifically cross-link to 125I-multi-CSF were identified of Mr approximately 75,000 and 60,000. For both CSFs specificity of formation of cross-linked species was demonstrated by showing that the homologous unlabeled CSF (but not other CSFs) competed for formation of the complexes with the appropriate dose-response relation, by showing that saturation occurred over the appropriate range of 125I-CSF concentration and by showing that the cellular specificity of CSF binding paralleled that for cross-linked complex formation. The formation of cross-linked complexes was dependent on the concentration and type of chemical cross-linker, especially for cross-linking of 125I-multi-CSF. Based on a number of criteria it is suggested that the two species cross-linked to 125I-multi-CSF do not represent receptors of different affinity but, rather, two noncovalently associated subunits of a receptor complex.
Outer zone energetic electron environment update (2002)

Electron data (0.1 to 1.7 MeV) from the Medium Electrons A spectrometer on CRRES were used to train neural networks to predict daily averages of energetic fluxes at 5 energies and 6 L-values using the daily sum of the Kp magnetic field index. The trained networks were then used to process the entire Kp index from 1932 to 1996 (six complete solar cycles), providing daily estimates of the electron fluxes for the entire period. Superposed-epoch analysis of the six cycles shows the fluxes are minimum about six months after the solar sunspot minimum and maximize about three years after sunspot maximum. The variation over the solar cycle is about a factor of 2.3. Specific outputs from the study include long-term averages of fluxes, peak flux vs. energy and L, and flux vs. frequency-of-occurrence tables. The outputs were then used to generate a new model, ESA-SEE1, as an update to AE8. This study indicates that AE8 has excessive fluxes above 1 MeV beyond L=5.5, with the discrepancy being an order of magnitude at geosynchronous orbit. The high energy electrons peak in L about 0.5 L lower than indicated by AE8.
A fabrication process for electrostatic microactuators with integrated gear linkages (1997)

A surface micromachining process is presented which has been used to fabricate electrostatic microactuators. These microactuators are interconnected with each other and linked to other movable microstructures by integrated gear linkages. The gear linkages consist of rotational and linear gear structures, and the electrostatic microactuators include curved electrode actuators, comb-drive actuators, and axial-gap wobble motors. The micromechanical structures are constructed from polysilicon. Silicon dioxide was used as a sacrificial layer, and silicon nitride was used for electrical insulation. A cyclohexane freeze drying technique was used to prevent problems with stiction. The actuators, loaded with various mechanisms, were successfully driven by electrostatic actuation. The work is a first step toward mechanical power transmission in micromechanical systems.