gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Novel Thienopyrrolizinones as Antitubulin Agents (2004)

Herein, we describe the structure-activity relationship study of a new 3-aryl-8H-thieno[2,3-b]pyrrolizin-8-one series of antitubulin agents. The pharmacological results from the National Cancer Institute in vitro human disease oriented tumor cell line screening allowed us to identify compound 1d (NSC 676693) as a very efficient antitumoral drug in all cancer cell lines tested. This prompted us to define the structural requirements essential for this antiproliferative activity. Among all analogues synthesized in this study, compound 1o was the most promising, being 10-fold more potent than compound 1d. Its activity over a panel of nine tumoral cell lines was in the nanomolar range for all of the histological types tested, and surprisingly, the resistant KB-A1 cell line was also sensitive to this compound. Moreover, a flow cytometric study showed that L1210 cells treated by the most potent compounds were arrested in the G(2)/M phases of the cell cycle with a significant percentage of cells having reinitiated a cycle of DNA synthesis without cell division. This interesting pharmacological profile, resulting from inhibition of tubulin polymerization, encouraged us to perform preliminary in vivo studies that led to a new prodrug chemical approach.
The Lightning Flash (2014)

This updated and expanded new edition of Cooray's classic text provides the reader with a thorough background in almost every aspect of lightning and its impact on electrical and electronic equipment. The contents range from basic discharge processes in air through transient electromagnetic field generation and interaction with overhead lines and underground cables, to lightning protection and testing techniques. New to this edition are discussions of high-speed video recordings of lightning; rocket-and-wire triggered lightning experiments; tower initiated lightning discharges; upper atmospheric electrical discharges; attachment of lightning flashes to grounded structures; energetic radiation from thunderstorms and lightning; global lightning nitrogen oxides production; and lightning and global temperature change. The Lightning Flash, 2nd Edition is a sound introduction to researchers and advanced students working in the field and of value for anyone designing, installing or commissioning equipment which needs to be secured against lightning strikes.
Expression analysis of cloned chromosomal segments of Escherichia coli (1993)

The novel transcription system of bacteriophage T7 was used to express Escherichia coli genes preferentially with a new low-copy-number plasmid vector, pFN476, to minimize toxic gene effects. Selected E. coli chromosomal fragments from an ordered genomic library (Y. Kohara, K. Ikiyama, and K. Isono, Cell 50:495-508, 1987) were recloned into this vector, and their genes were preferentially expressed in vivo utilizing its T7 promoter. The protein products were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. By using DNA sequence information, the gel migration was predicted for the protein products of open reading frames from these segments, and this information was used to identify gene products visualized as spots on two-dimensional gels. Even in the absence of DNA sequence information, this approach offers the opportunity to identify all gene products of E. coli and map their genes to within 10 kb on the E. coli genome; with sequence information, this approach can produce a definitive expression map of the E. coli genome.
DESIGN & CHARACTERIZATION OF A MEMS THERMAL SWITCH (2006)

In this paper we present the design, fabrication, and characterization of a MEMS thermal switch. Three switch designs are considered: one in which the conductive material is in the form of liquid-metal micro droplets, one in which the conductive material consists of aligned carbon nanotube arrays, and one in which solid silicon contacts are used. The ratio of thermal resistance in the on and off conditions is used to characterize performance. Based on these measurements the switch incorporating liquid-metal droplets is superior to the other two switches. The liquid-metal switch has a thermal resistance off to on ratio of 168 and can provide heating rates of 905 o C/s.
Property driven verification framework : application to real time property for UML MARTE software design (2014)

Automatic formal verification such as model checking faces the combinatorial explosion issue. This limits its application in indus- trial projects. This issue is caused by the explosion of the number of states during system’s execution , as it may easily exceed the amount of available computing or storage resources. This thesis designs and experiments a set of methods for the development of scalable verification based on the property-driven approach. We propose efficient approaches based on model checking to verify real-time requirements expressed in large scale UML-MARTE real-time system designs. We rely on the UML and its profile MARTE as the end-user modeling language, and on the Time Petri Net (TPN) as the verification language. The main contribution of this thesis is the design and implementation of a property-driven verification prototype toolset dedicated to real-time properties verification for UML-MARTE real-time software designs. We validate this toolset using an avionic use case and its user requirements. The whole prototype toolset includes five contributions: definition of real-time property specific execution semantics for UML-MARTE architecture and behavior models; specification of real- time requirements relying on a set of verification dedicated atomic real- time property patterns; real-time property specific observer-based model checking approach in TPN; real-time property specific state space reduction approach for TPN; and fault localization approach in model checking.
Quantitatively reliable silicon-29 magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of surfaces and surface-immobilized species at high field using a conventional high-resolution spectrometer (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuantitatively reliable silicon-29 magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of surfaces and surface-immobilized species at high field using a conventional high-resolution spectrometerColin A. Fyfe, Gian C. Gobbi, and Gordon J. KennedyCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 2, 277–281Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100248a020https://doi.org/10.1021/j100248a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views255Altmetric-Citations78LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Chemical utilization of hydrogen from fluctuating energy sources – Catalytic transfer hydrogenation from charged Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier systems (2015)

Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier (LOHC) systems offer a very attractive way for storing and distributing hydrogen from electrolysis using excess energies from solar or wind power plants. In this contribution, an alternative, high-value utilization of such hydrogen is proposed namely its use in steady-state chemical hydrogenation processes. We here demonstrate that the hydrogen-rich form of the LOHC system dibenzyltoluene/perhydro-dibenzyltoluene can be directly applied as sole source of hydrogen in the hydrogenation of toluene, a model reaction for large-scale technical hydrogenations. Equilibrium experiments using perhydro-dibenzyltoluene and toluene in a ratio of 1:3 (thus in a stoichiometric ratio with respect to H2) yield conversions above 60%, corresponding to an equilibrium constant significantly higher than 1 under the applied conditions (270 °C).
Requirement of rapid Ca<sup>2+</sup> entry and synaptic activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors for the induction of long‐term depression in adult rat hippocampus (1998)

1. During block of gamma-aminobutyric acid-A-mediated inhibition, low-frequency stimulation (2 Hz, 900 pulses) to Schaffer collateral-CA1 neuron synapses of adult rat hippocampus induced an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-independent, postsynaptic Ca2+-dependent depression of synaptic strength (long-term depression; LTD). 2. Ratio imaging with fura-2 revealed moderate dendritic [Ca2+] increases (approximately 500 nM) during only the initial approximately 30 s of the 7.5 min stimulation period. Conditioning for 30 s was, however, insufficient to induce LTD. 3. The [Ca2+] changes were insensitive to the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) antagonist (+)-alpha-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine (MCPG). MCPG, however, completely blocked LTD when present during conditioning. 4. The [Ca2+] changes were abolished by postsynaptic hyperpolarization (-110 mV at the soma). Hyperpolarizing neurons to -110 mV during conditioning significantly attenuated LTD induction. 5. LTD induction was also blocked by the postsynaptic presence of the protein kinase C inhibitor peptide PKC(19-36). 6. These results suggest that LTD induction in adult hippocampus by prolonged low-frequency stimulation depends on both a rapid Ca2+ influx through voltage-sensitive channels and synaptic stimulation of mGluRs which may be coupled to phospholipase C.
Lifestyle Changes That Reduce Blood Pressure: Implementation in Clinical Practice. (1999)

Lifestyle modification is widely advocated as initial and adjuvant therapy for the treatment and prevention of hypertension. In addition to exercise, nutritional changes including sodium reduction, adoption of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, alcohol reduction, and weight loss have significant blood pressure lowering effects. The current challenge to clinicians has been developing and implementing practical and effective approaches for use in clinical practice. This review discusses the evidence supporting each current lifestyle recommendation, discusses evidence on specific programs or office based strategies, and provides practical advice. (c)1999 by Le Jacq Communications, Inc.
Study on extraction of total flavonoids from wheat bran with microwave-aided extraction technology. (2009)

Objective To extract total flavonoids from wheat bran with microwave-aided extraction method.Methods The optimal extraction technology of total flavonoids was defined by single factor and orthogonal tests.Results The optimal extraction technology was as follows: microwave power of 560 W,microwave irradiation for 60 s,80 % ethanol,the ratio of material to liquid of 1∶20.Under these conditions,the extraction rate of total flavonoids was 3.51 ‰.Conclusion The microwave-aided extraction is an economical and efficient method for the extraction of total flavonoids from wheat bran.
Metabolic effects of short-term fasting in obese hyperglycaemic humans and mice. (1987)

The aim of this study was to investigate the metabolic effects of short-term fasting in obese diabetic patients and to correlate the observed changes with the activity of hepatic key enzymes in an animal model of obesity-associated diabetes (ob/ob mice, C57BL/6J strain). In obese diabetic patients (ODP), a 72-h fast (causing slight change in body weight) decreased fasting glycemia by 3.82 +/- 0.79 mmoles/l and significantly improved glucose tolerance (OGTT) while reducing basal and stimulated insulinemia, whereas in obese non-diabetic patients (ONDP) only a small decrease in fasting glycemia (1.24 +/- 0.51 mmoles/l) occurred. This suggests that in ODP hyperphagia is a factor contributing to maintain hyperglycaemia and glucose intolerance (in the face of hyperinsulinaemia, indicating insulin resistance). In fed obese hyperglycaemic mice (OHM), which are a good model of the human obesity-associated diabetes, hepatic fructose-1,6-diphosphatase (F16Pase) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), involved in glucose production, showed increased activity (+52 and +200 per cent, respectively) compared to control mice (CM), and the ratios of F16Pase and G6Pase to the opposing enzymes phosphofructokinase (PFK1) and glucokinase (GK), i.e. the F16Pase/PFK1 and G6Pase/GK ratios, were increased by 38 and 101 per cent, respectively, suggesting increase in gluconeogenesis and perhaps in glycogenolysis. In the 48-h fasted OHM, F16Pase activity was decreased (-30 per cent) compared to the fed animals, while the activity of G6Pase showed a smaller and statistically not significant change (-22 per cent). In contrast, in the CM a 48-h fasting was associated with a trend toward increased F16Pase (+22 per cent) and G6Pase (+173 per cent). However, since PFK1 and GK decreased to a similar extent in OHM and CM, the F16Pase/PFK1 and G6Pase/GK ratios, basally elevated in the OHM, did not change with fasting, whereas in the CM they showed a striking elevation (+71 and +274 per cent, respectively). The basally elevated F16Pase/PFK1 and G6Pase/GK ratios (functionally linked to glucose production) in the OHM may contribute to maintain hyperglycaemia; in these mice, the lack of further increase in the glucose production-related F16Pase/PFK1 and G6Pase/GK ratios (which occurs in CM) with fasting might allow that the interruption of the afflux of dietary carbohydrates ameliorates the glycaemic level. Similar mechanisms might occur also in the ODP.
Meniscal repair devices: a clinical and biomechanical literature review (2004)

Data suggest that the biomechanical performance of some devices is nearly equivalent to current suture techniques. Ultimately, the combination of a simplified surgical technique, high clinical healing rates (75%-92%), and relatively minor complications makes these devices attractive for properly indicated meniscal tears.
Vertebroplasty (2008)

Viscosity is the key factor for reducing the risk of PMMA cement leakage and it should be adapted to the degree of osteoporosis encountered in each patient. It may be advisable to opt for a higher starting viscosity but to inject the material at a faster rate.
The Bile Response Repressor BreR Regulates Expression of the <i>Vibrio cholerae breAB</i> Efflux System Operon (2008)

Enteric pathogens have developed several resistance mechanisms to survive the antimicrobial action of bile. We investigated the transcriptional profile of Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor strain C6706 under virulence gene-inducing conditions in the presence and absence of bile. Microarray analysis revealed that the expression of 119 genes was affected by bile. The mRNA levels of genes encoding proteins involved in transport were increased in the presence of bile, whereas the mRNA levels of genes encoding proteins involved in pathogenesis and chemotaxis were decreased. This study identified genes encoding transcriptional regulators from the TetR family (vexR and breR) and multidrug efflux pumps from the resistance-nodulation-cell division superfamily (vexB and vexD [herein renamed breB]) that were induced in response to bile. Further analysis regarding vexAB and breAB expression in the presence of various antimicrobial compounds established that vexAB was induced in the presence of bile, sodium dodecyl sulfate, or novobiocin and that the induction of breAB was specific to bile. BreR is a direct repressor of the breAB promoter and is able to regulate its own expression, as demonstrated by transcriptional and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA). The expression of breR and breAB is induced in the presence of the bile salts cholate, deoxycholate, and chenodeoxycholate, and EMSA showed that deoxycholate is able to abolish the formation of BreR-P(breR) complexes. We propose that deoxycholate is able to interact with BreR and induce a conformational change that interferes with the DNA binding ability of BreR, resulting in breAB and breR expression. These results provide new insight into a transcriptional regulator and a transport system that likely play essential roles in the ability of V. cholerae to resist the action of bile in the host.
Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms for Crop Mapping on Satellite Image Data (2021)

Crop classification is main area of our planet for understanding the agricultural cover. Studies via satellite imagery are often limited to public data with low revisit rates and/or coarse spatial resolution. However, a recent surge in satellite data from new-aerospace companies provides daily imagery with relatively high spatial resolution. With high revisit rates in satellite image capture enable the incorporation of temporal information into crop classification schemes. With high cadence temporal information just now becoming available, there is plenty of room to explore the data and methods for classification [60].Crop mapping methodology is used for the monitoring of various crop types. These methodology is depend on a large space of satellite imagery and different time series data values which is use in supervised classifiers such as Support Vector Machines (SVMs) and Random Forest (RF)[1]. These classifiers are applied at three unique degrees of crop terminology order and compare the result with accuracy and execution time. SVM gives ideal execution and demonstrates essentially better than RF for the least level of the classification. The significance of information factors such as Near Infrared (NIR), vegetation red-edge, and Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR) multispectral groups, and the Normalized Difference Vegetation (NDVI) and Plant Senescence Reflectance (PSRI) are used during cutting edge crop phenology stages and crop mapping [2].
A comment on the confinement problem (1975)

The confinement problem, as identified by Lampson, is the problem of assuring that a borrowed program does not steal for its author information that it processes for a borrower. An approach to proving that an operating system enforces confinement, by preventing borrowed programs from writing information in storage in violation of a formally stated security policy, is presented. The confinement problem presented by the possibility that a borrowed program will modulate its resource usage to transmit information to its author is also considered. This problem is manifest by covert channels associated with the perception of time by the program and its author; a scheme for closing such channels is suggested. The practical implications of the scheme are discussed.
<i>MYD88</i> Mutations and Response to Ibrutinib in Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia (2015)

Patients with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia without mutations in MYD88 tend to have a shorter median survival and a lower probability of response to ibrutinib than do those with MYD88 mutations.
Noncontact potentiometry of polymer field-effect transistors (2002)

We report on high-resolution potentiometry of operating organic thin-film field-effect transistors by means of scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy. It is demonstrated that the measured potential reflects the electrostatic potential of the accumulation layer at the semiconductor/insulator interface. We present data revealing gate bias and lateral electric field dependence of the field-effect mobility in poly(hexylthiophene) at temperatures from 50 to 300 K.
Thermoreversible gelation and viscoelasticity of κ-carrageenan hydrogels (2016)

The gelation behavior of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solution was studied by microdifferential scanning calorimetry and rheology. It was found that the formation and melting of κ-carrageenan hydrogels were thermally reversible and extremely sensitive to κ-carrageenan concentration. In comparison with the crossover of G′ and G″, the extrapolation method based on multiwave oscillation and Winter–Chambon criterion were able to give more accurate critical gel temperature Tc. At the gel point, the critical relaxation exponent n was almost constant whereas the critical gel strength Sg increased with κ-carrageenan concentration. In the stable gel state, the plateau modulus Ge depended on temperature according to a power-law scaling, Ge ∝ ε2.2, where ε is the relative distance (=|T − Tc|/Tc) and independent of κ-carrageenan concentration. The presence of potassium ions shifted the formation and melting temperatures of κ-carrageenan hydrogel to higher temperatures, and the temperatures for gel formation and melting increased with increasing potassium ions' content.
An update on the use of rational functions for photogrammetric restitution (2002)

This paper reviews the status of the use of rational functions models for photogrammetry. A major review was published at the ISPRS Congress in Amsterdam, and since then many more tests have been carried out to determine the accuracy of the method, particularly for setting up Images from the Ikonos sensor. Software for doing this is available on a number of digital photogrammetric systems. The paper reviews the published work and concludes that accurate results can be obtained from using rational function models, but that there is no evidence that the method is likely to replace traditional rigorous methods.
Translation-, Rotation-, Scale-, and Distortion-Invariant Object Recognition Through Self-Organization (1997)

The task of visual object recognition is often complicated by the fact that a single 3-D object can undergo a number of transformations which can substantially alter its projection onto a 2-D surface, such as the retina. Such transformations include translation of the object in the visual field, changes in the size of the object, its orientation in the 2-D plane and the viewing perspective. For a general pattern recognition system to detect and recognize and object after such transformations, it must be able to associate widely differing patterns with the same object label. In this paper, a novel self-organizing model, called the Multiple Elastic Modules (MEM), is presented which attempts to solve this problem by searching a multi-dimensional space, where each axis is defined by one of the transformations (e.g. scale, translation, rotation, etc.). A particular object of a specific size, orientation and spatial location is mapped onto a single point in this space. Of course, distortions and minor variations in an object's image will expand this point to a small localized area in this multi-dimensional space. Such a powerful representation scheme comes at a cost of high computational demand due to the combinatorially large search space. The MEM approach to solving this problem efficiently partitions the solution space to search the most promising areas for the correct match. Simulation results are presented on detecting a stick-figure object under translation, distortion, scale, and rotation transformations in a cluttered background.