gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Paratransgenesis: An Approach to Improve Colony Health and Molecular Insight in Honey Bees (Apis mellifera)? (2012)

The honey bee (Apis mellifera) is highly valued as a commercial crop pollinator and a model animal in research. Over the past several years, governments, beekeepers, and the general public in the United States and Europe have become concerned by increased losses of honey bee colonies, calling for more research on how to keep colonies healthy while still employing them extensively in agriculture. The honey bee, like virtually all multicellular organisms, has a mutually beneficial relationship with specific microbes. The microbiota of the gut can contribute essential nutrients and vitamins and prevent colonization by non-indigenous and potentially harmful species. The gut microbiota is also of interest as a resource for paratransgenesis; a Trojan horse strategy based on genetically modified symbiotic microbes that express effector molecules antagonizing development or transmission of pathogens. Paratransgenesis was originally engineered to combat human diseases and agricultural pests that are vectored by insects. We suggest an alternative use, as a method to promote health of honey bees and to expand the molecular toolbox for research on this beneficial social insect. The honey bees' gut microbiota contains lactic acid bacteria including the genus Lactobacillus that has paratransgenic potential. We present a strategy for transforming one Lactobacillus species, L. kunkeei, for use as a vector to promote health of honey bees and functional genetic research.
Hypochlorous Acid Activates Tyrosine Phosphorylation Signal Pathways Leading to Calcium Signaling and TNF <i>α</i> Production (2002)

Hypochlorous acid is an important oxidizing agent produced by neutrophils to aid in defense against pathogens. Although hypochlorous acid is known to cause tissue damage due to its cytotoxicity, the effect of this oxidizing agent on signal transduction by cells of the immune system and its effects on their responses are not well understood. In this study, hypochlorous acid was found to induce cellular tyrosine phosphorylation in both T and B lymphocytes, activate the ZAP-70 tyrosine kinase, and induce cellular calcium signaling in a tyrosine kinase-dependent manner. These signaling events also occurred in T cell lines that did not express the T-cell receptor, indicating the ability of hypochlorous acid to bypass normal receptor control. Hypochlorous acid induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a tyrosine kinase-dependent manner. These results suggest that hypochlorous acid may contribute to inflammatory responses by activating signal pathways in cells of the immune system.
Analytical method to optimise turn-on angle and turn-off angle for switched reluctance motor drives (2012)

A new analytical method is proposed to produce optimal turn-on and turn-off angles, based on a non-linear inductance model of low-inductance region for switched reluctance motor (SRM). The optimal turn-on angle is derived from the non-linear model and electrical equation of SRM instead of the linear model while optimal turn-off angle is derived from the turn-on angle and flux-linkage. Considering the back electromotive force, the proposed method has more accuracy than the conventional analytical method and improves the efficiencies both at low speed and high speed. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method, which is suited for low- and high-speed conditions both.
Determination of the vitronectin binding site on plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI‐1) (1994)

Vitronectin is the carrier protein of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1). We used a well-characterized panel of anti-human PAI-1 monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) to localize the vitronectin-binding site on PAI-1. By employing a direct vitronectin/PAI-1 binding assay and two vitronectin-dependent inhibition assays, we demonstrate that the anti-PAI-1 MoAbs CLB-5, CLB-10, CLB-2C8 and I1, directed against different epitopes in the region between amino acids 110 and 145, prevent the interaction of PAI-1 with vitronectin. We conclude that the region between amino acids 110 and 145 of PAI-1 harbours an important determinant for the interaction with vitronectin.
A N‐terminal PTHrP peptide fragment void of a PTH/PTHrP‐receptor binding domain activates cardiac ET<sub>A</sub> receptors (2001)

1. Adult ventricular cardiomyocytes show an unusual structure-function relationship for cyclic AMP-dependent effects of PTHrP. We investigated whether PTHrP(1 - 16), void of biological activity on classical PTHrP target cells, is able to mimic the positive contractile effect of PTHrP(1 - 34), a fully biological agonist on cardiomyocytes. 2. Adult ventricular cardiomyocytes were paced at a constant frequency of 0.5 Hz and cell contraction was monitored using a cell-edge-detection system. Twitch amplitudes, expressed as per cent cell shortening of the diastolic cell length, and rate constants for maximal contraction and relaxation velocity were analysed. 3. PTHrP(1 - 16) (1 micromol l(-1)) mimicked the contractile effects of PTHrP(1 - 34) (1 micromol l(-1)). It increased the twitch amplitude from 5.33+/-0.72 to 8.95+/-1.10 (% dl l(-1)) without changing the kinetic of contraction. 4. PTH(1 - 34) (10 micromol l(-1)) affected the positive contractile effect of PTHrP(1 - 34), but not that of PTHrP(1 - 16). 5. RpcAMPS (10 micromol l(-1)) inhibited the positive contractile effect of PTHrP(1 - 34), but not that of PTHrP(1 - 16). 6. The positive contractile effect of PTHrP(1 - 16) was antagonized by the ET(A) receptor antagonist BQ123. 7. Sarafotoxin 6b and PTHrP(1 - 16), but not PTHrP(1 - 34), replaced (3)H-BQ123 from cardiac binding sites. 8. We conclude that N-terminal PTHrP peptides void of a PTH/PTHrP-receptor binding domain are able to bind to, and activate cardiac ET(A) receptors.
Cycloadditionen, 7. Intramolekulare Diels‐Alder‐Reaktionen bei Allencarboxaniliden; Variation der Substituenten in <i>p</i>‐Position des Anilinkerns (1986)

Abstract Die in p ‐Position verschieden substituierten N ‐Methyl‐1,2‐propadien‐1‐carboxanilide 6a – h werden durch Wittig‐Reaktion der Carbamoylmethylenphosphorane 5 mit Keten erzeugt. Sie isomerisieren bei der Thermolyse in siedendem Xylol in einer intramolekularen Diels‐Alder‐Reaktion zu den Tricyclen 7a – h , teilweise aber auch unter Cyclisierung zu den Chinolonen 9 . Reaktionsordnung und der Einfluß der Substituenten auf die Geschwindigkeit der intramolekularen Diels‐Alder‐Reaktion werden 1 H‐NMR‐spektroskopisch bestimmt.
Version Management of XML Documents (2000)

The problem of ensuring efficient storage and fast retrieval for multi-version structured documents is important because of the recent popularity of XML documents and semistructured information on the web. Traditional document version control systems, e.g. RCS, which model documents as a sequence of lines of text and use the shortest edit script to represent version differences are inadequate since they do not preserve the logical structure of the original document. Instead we propose a new approach where the structure of the document is preserved intact, and their sub-objects are timestamped hierarchically for efficient reconstruction of current and past versions. Our technique, called the Usefulness Based Copy Control (UBCC), is geared towards efficient version reconstruction while using small space overhead. Our analysis and experiments illustrate the effectiveness of the overall approach to version control for structured documents. 1. INTRODUCTION The problem of managing multiple...
Multi-Stage Centrifugal Compressors and Defining the Optimum Pressure Ratio According to Temperature Limitations (2008)

Multistaging is one of the conventional methods in centrifugal compressors to increase their efficiency and meet the process and material-related temperature limitations. Simple single-stage compressor pressure ratio is normally limited by constraints of both aerodynamic and structural types. Minimizing the total required gas head equation, resulting from summation of head for each stage, leads to the definition of pressure ratios of each stage which play an important role for required head determination. For minimum power with perfect inter-cooling between stages, there is a theoretical relation for the intake pressures of succeeding stages. As an assumption, both compression ratio and suction temperature is assumed constant in each stage. This assumption results in the mentioned identical magnitude for each stage pressure ratio. When the suction temperatures of gas leaving the intercoolers are different, assuming an identical pressure ratio for all stages, it increases the power required for compressing the gas up to the specified discharge pressure. A numerical method has been presented in this paper with the consideration of changes in suction temperature, compressibility factor, and poly-tropic efficiency. In conclusion it is shown that in order to optimize the power consumption for compressing the gas with specific properties, a numerical method can be used, so that the pressure ratio of the first stage compressor be higher than the successive stages as experimental results suggest.
Formula choice: Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, or SRK/T and refractive outcomes in 8108 eyes after cataract surgery with biometry by partial coherence interferometry (2010)

No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned. Additional disclosure is found in the footnotes.
A randomized double-blind trial on perioperative administration of probiotics in colorectal cancer patients (2010)

La1, but not BB536, adheres to the colonic mucosa, and affects intestinal microbiota by reducing the concentration of pathogens and modulates local immunity.
A Nitinol Wire Actuated Stewart Platform (2002)

The Stewart platform is well known parallel robotic mechanism often used as a flight simulator. Less well known applications involve robotics and machine tools. This paper deals with binary actuated robotic Stewart platforms that use Nitinol wire actuators that are switched on and off to control the position of the actuator. Binary control of the six actuators on a platform yields sixty four possible platform positions, and five stacked platforms yield more than a billion possible positions. The design of a simple basic two stage model is described in this paper. 1
Intra-note segmentation via sticky HMM with DP emission (2014)

This paper presents an intra-note segmentation method for mono-phonic recordings based on acoustic feature variation; each musical note is separated into onset, steady and offset states. The task of intra-note segmentation from audio signals is detecting change points of acoustic feature. In proposed method, the Markov process is assumed on state transition, and time-varying acoustic feature is represented by three Dirichlet processes (DP) that are emitted by the each state. In order to express the generative process, the sticky hidden Markov model (HMM) with DP emission is employed. This modeling allows us to automatically estimate the state transition while avoiding the model selection problem by assuming countably infinite of possible acoustic feature in musical notes. Experimental result shows that the detection accuracy of onset-to-steady and steady-to-offset were improved 2.3 points and 20.7 points from previous method, respectively.
Enterprise Risk Management and the Performance of Local Contractors in Singapore (2013)

Enterprise risk management has been creating value in many industries around the world. However, there is still lack of study about its influence on the Singaporean construction industry. This study is to investigate the nexus between ERM and the performance of Singaporean contractors, and to identify the main hindrances that impede ERM implementation. Questionnaire-based survey is conducted with Singaporean contractors to test their awareness and implementation of ERM, and to what extent ERM has affected different aspects of their performance. The result shows that, apart from health, 10 selected performance indicators have benefited from ERM. The main factors impeding the implementation of ERM are: inadequate time for implementation, lack of experienced staff, and inadequate resources. The study clarifies the reasons why ERM has not fully performed as anticipated. Suggestions to further tap the benefit of ERM are also given.
The WOMAC Knee and Hip Osteoarthritis Indices: development, validation, globalization and influence on the development of the AUSCAN Hand Osteoarthritis Indices. (2006)

Clinical measurement in both clinical research and clinical practice requires tools and techniques that are valid, reliable and responsive. Patient-centred self-reported measures provide opportunity to evaluate consequences of osteoarthritis, that are important and relevant to patients with the condition. The WOMAC and AUSCAN Indices are health status measurement questionnaires that are valid, reliable and responsive, easy to complete, simple to score and available in multiple language forms and scaling formats. They provide opportunities to capture patient relevant information, relating to the impact of interventions, in clinical research and clinical practice environments. WOMAC data have also contributed to the development of proposed definitions for responder criteria and state-attainment criteria in osteoarthritis.
MicroRNA-155 Deficient Mice Experience Heightened Kidney Toxicity When Dosed with Cisplatin (2014)

The development of nephrotoxicity limits the maximum achievable dosage and treatment intervals for cisplatin chemotherapy. Therefore, identifying mechanisms that regulate this toxicity could offer novel methods to optimize cisplatin delivery. MicroRNAs are capable of regulating many different genes, and can influence diverse cellular processes, including cell death and apoptosis. We previously observed miR-155 to be highly increased following ischemic or toxic injury to the kidneys and, therefore, sought to determine whether mice deficient in miR-155 would respond differently to kidney injury. We treated C57BL/6 and miR-155(-/-) mice with 20 mg/kg of cisplatin and found a significantly higher level of kidney injury in the miR-155(-/-) mice. Genome-wide expression profiling and bioinformatic analysis indicated the activation of a number of canonical signaling pathways relating to apoptosis and oxidative stress over the course of the injury, and identified potential upstream regulators of these effects. One predicted upstream regulator was c-Fos, which has two confirmed miR-155 binding sites in its 3' UTR and, therefore, can be directly regulated by miR-155. We established that the miR-155(-/-) mice had significantly higher levels of c-Fos mRNA and protein than the C57BL/6 mice at 72 h after cisplatin exposure. These data indicate a role for miR-155 in the cisplatin response and suggest that targeting of c-Fos could be investigated to reduce cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
Virtual Issue on Best Practices for Reporting the Properties of Materials and Devices (2016)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTVirtual Issue on Best Practices for Reporting the Properties of Materials and DevicesRecord Well, Repeat Often, Report CorrectlyJillian M. Buriak, Christopher W. Jones, Prashant V. Kamat, Kirk S. Schanze, George C. Schatz, Gregory D. Scholes, and Paul S. WeissCite this: Chem. Mater. 2016, 28, 11, 3525–3526Publication Date (Web):June 14, 2016Publication History Published online14 June 2016Published inissue 14 June 2016https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b01854Copyright © 2016 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views3126Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (172 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Materials,Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,Photocatalysis,Solar cells Get e-Alerts
Electronegative microchannel guided streamer propagation for in-liquid spark breakdown applications (2021)

One of the well-known challenging issues of in-liquid spark breakdown is electrode wear and wear-dependent deposit energy fluctuation, regardless of the electrode materials. This work suggests a method that can reduce the breakdown threshold by an order of magnitude and hence enhances the likelihood of breakdown, regardless of wear. Generally, the negative streamer propagates in a branching way; however, the present experiment indicates that the electronegative microchannel is converged with the streamer propagation and extends the breakdown gap distance between the electrodes. Subsequently, the breakdown-possible gap distance was extended by 14.3 times, leading to an enhancement of shockwave intensity by 33%. Such an extension of the breakdown conditions was achievable without any additional source energy input or changing the substance of dielectric electrodes. Thus, the results provide a favorable scheme for energy reduction in high-voltage systems, cost saving for electrode replacement, and enhancement of the propagating shock pressure.
Leaf Phosphate Status, Photosynthesis and Carbon Partitioning in Sugar Beet (1989)

Sugar Beets (Beta vulgaris L. cv F58-554H1) were cultured hydroponically in growth chambers. Leaf orthophosphate (Pi) levels were varied nutritionally. The effect of decreased leaf phosphate (low-P) status was determined on the diurnal changes in the pool sizes of leaf ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP), 3-phosphoglycerate (PGA), triose phosphate, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, fructose-6-phosphate, glucose-6-phosphate, adenylates, nicotinamide nucleotides, and Pi. Except for triose phosphate, low-P treatment caused a marked reduction in the levels of leaf sugar phosphates (on a leaf area basis) throughout the diurnal cycle. Low-P treatment decreased the average leaf RuBP levels by 60 to 69% of control values during the light period. Low-P increased NADPH levels and NADPH/NADP(+) ratio but decreased ATP; the ATP/ADP ratio was unaffected. Low P treatment caused a marked reduction in RuBP regeneration (RuBP levels were half the RuBP carboxylase binding site concentration) but did not depress PGA reduction to triose phosphate. These results indicate that photosynthesis in low-P leaves was limited by RuBP regeneration and that RuBP formation in low-P leaves was not limited by the supply of ATP and NADPH. We suggest that RuBP regeneration was limited by the supply of fixed carbon, an increased proportion of which was diverted to starch synthesis.
In vitro non-rigid life-size model of aortic arch aneurysm for endovascular prosthesis assessment (2007)

The combination of easy segmentation and conversion to the STL format with industrial stereolithography techniques enabled a realistic silicon vascular phantom to be created for endovascular procedure simulation, image modality calibration, and new stent design.
Adaptive Linear Programming Decoding (2006)

The ability of linear programming (LP) decoding to detect failures, and its potential for improvement by the addition of new constraints, motivates the use of an adaptive approach in selecting the constraints for the underlying LP problem. In this paper, we show that the application of such adaptive methods can significantly reduce the complexity of the LP decoding algorithm, which, in the standard formulation, is exponential in the maximum row weight of the parity-check matrix. We further show that adaptively adding new constraints, e.g. by combining parity checks, can provide large gains in LP decoder performance
Assignment of Disulphide Bridges in Par j 2.0101, a Major Allergen of Parietaria judaica Pollen (2003)

Par j 2.0101, a major allergen of the Parietaria judaica pollen, was expressed in E. coli, purified to homogeneity and fully characterised both at the structural and the functional level. The recombinant rPar j 2.0101 protein showed an allergenic activity in histamine release, skin prick tests and capacity to bind IgE, almost identical to that of the native allergens purified from aqueous pollen extract. The complete pattern of S-S bridges of rPar j 2.0101 was determined by enzymatic digestion with endoproteinase Lys-C followed by mass spectrometric analysis of the resulting peptide mixtures. The eight cysteines occurring in the allergenic protein were found to be paired into the following four disulphides: Cys35-Cys83, Cys45-Cys60, Cys61-Cys106 and Cys81-Cys121. This structural information probes Par j 2.0101 to attain a 3-D fold consistent with that of the non-specific lipid transfer protein (ns-LTP) family and it represents an effective molecular basis to develop modified antigens by selective site-directed mutagenesis for immunotherapy.
Animal Models for Hypertension/Blood Pressure Recording (2006)

Hypertension is an important disease with polygenic inheritance. In order to identify the genes involved in blood pressure regulation, hypertensive rat and mouse models have been developed either by selective breeding or by transgenic technology. The most essential technological prerequisite in these studies is a reliable assessment of the blood pressure in rodents. Three methods are used most frequently for this purpose: tail cuff plethysmography, intra-arterial catheters, and radiotelemetry. Plethysmography is noninvasive, relatively simple, and suitable for a large number of animals, but also imprecise. Intra-arterial catheters are more precise, but require surgery. And both methods restrain and thereby stress the animals, which leads to alterations in blood pressure. Therefore, the telemetric blood pressure measurement, which allows the study of conscious, freely moving animals, has become the gold standard for measuring blood pressure in rodents. However, this method is extremely expensive. Thus, for each experiment the costs have to be put in relation to the quality of data required. This chapter will describe blood pressure measurement methods in technical detail.
Comparison of rootstocks Geneva 16, M9 and CG11 under organic cultivation at the LVWO Weinsberg 2009-2013. (2014)

A comparison of the cultivar ‘GoldRush’ grafted on the rootstocks Geneva 16 (weaker than M9), M9 (as standard) and Geneva CG11 (stronger than M9) is going on in the organically cultivated part Q 624 of the LVWO Weinsberg since February 2008. Data were evaluated about growth of the stem, flower setting, fruit-setting, effort for thinning by hand, yield, colourand size-sorting. Over five years the rootstock Geneva 11 had a positive effect on the yield, size and colour of the fruits, the yield was slightly more balanced (better relation growth:yield). 2013 was the first year, when differences were seen at russeting, trees on CG16 had about 10 % more apples with middle russeting. Breakdown of scab-resistance has been watched in the organic orchard of the LVWO Weinsberg since 2008, 2013 was a year with an extreme infection level of Venturia inaequalis. Sprayed with the same organic scab-strategy, the trees on CG11 had some more scab-infections on the leaves and on the fruits in 2013 because of stronger growth, so additional evaluations were done about the infestation level of scab and sooty blotch.