gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Herpes simplex virus type 1 and human DNA polymerase interactions with 2′-deoxyguanosine 5′-triphosphate analogues (1989)

The ability of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) DNA polymerase, HeLa polymerase alpha, and HeLa polymerase beta to utilize several dGTP analogues has been investigated using a defined synthetic template primer. The relative efficiencies of the triphosphates of 9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]guanine (acyclovir triphosphate, ACVTP), 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl] guanine (ganciclovir triphosphate, DHPGTP), and 2',3'-dideoxyguanosine (ddGTP) as substrates for the three polymerases were: HSV-1 polymerase, dGTP greater than ACVTP approximately equal to DHPGTP greater than ddGTP; polymerase alpha, dGTP greater than ACVTP approximately equal to DHPGTP much greater than ddGTP; polymerase beta, ddGTP greater than dGTP much greater than ACVTP approximately equal to DHPGTP. The potent inhibition of HSV-1 polymerase by ACVTP has been shown previously to be due to the formation of a dead-end complex upon binding of the next 2'-deoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphate encoded by the template after incorporation of acyclovir monophosphate into the 3' end of the primer (Reardon, J. E., and Spector, T. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 7405-7411). This mechanism was shown here to be a general mechanism for inhibition of polymerases by the obligate chain terminators, ACVTP and ddGTP. The ACVTP-induced inhibition was 30-fold more potent with HSV-1 polymerase than with polymerase alpha. This difference may contribute to the antiviral selectivity of this nucleotide analogue. The effect of ganciclovir monophosphate incorporation (a nonobligate chain terminator) on subsequent primer extension was also evaluated. With HSV-1 polymerase and polymerase alpha, although there was a considerable reduction in the efficiency of utilization of the 3'-DHPGMP-terminal primer, contrasting kinetic behavior was observed. With HSV-1 polymerase, insertion of DHPGTP resulted in a significant reduction in Vmax for subsequent nucleotide incorporations. In contrast, with polymerase alpha, a relatively small decrease in Vmax was accompanied by increased Km values for subsequent nucleotide incorporations.
Reliability investigations for high temperature interconnects (2014)

Purpose – Because of the need for electronics use at temperatures beyond 150°C, high temperature resistant interconnection technologies like transient liquid phase (TLP) soldering and silver sintering are being developed which are not only replacements of high-lead solders, but also open new opportunities in terms of temperature resistance and reliability. The paper aims to address the thermo-mechanical reliability issues that have to be considered if the new interconnection technologies will be applied. Design/methodology/approach – A TLP soldering technique is briefly introduced and new challenges concerning the thermo-mechanical reliability of power devices are worked out by numerical analysis (finite element simulation). They arise as the material properties of the interconnect materials differ substantially from those known for soft solders. The effective material responses of the new materials are determined by localized unit cell models that capture the inhomogeneous structure of the materials. Findings – It is shown that both the TLP solder layer and the Ag-sinter layer have much less ductility and show less creep than conventional soft solders. The potential failure modes of an assembly made by TLP soldering or Ag sintering change. In particular, the characteristic low cycle fatigue solder failures become unlikely and are replaced either by metallization fatigue, brittle failure of intermetallic compound, components, or interfaces. Originality/value – A variety of new failure risks, which have been analyzed theoretically, can be avoided only if they are known to the potential user of the new techniques. It is shown that an optimal reliability will be strongly dependent on the actual assembly design.
Remembering Knowledge: An Expert Knowledge Based Approach to Digital Soil Mapping (2013)

A paradigm shift has occurred in the field of pedolody, moving away from traditional, tacit knowledge based soil survey methods to new, digital soil mapping (DSM) approaches. Although a variety of DSM techniques have been developed and are widely available, it is important not to lose sight of the wealth of existing soils information captured by historic soil survey and soil scientists. This paper presents a DSM method that combines expert knowledge with fuzzy logic and selective soil sampling to generate soil class and property maps for an approximately 16‐ha (?40‐acre) farm field in southeastern Indiana. Five soil classes were produced by implementing a fuzzy membership based approach utilizing four digital elevation model (DEM) derived terrain attributes: SAGA topographic wetness index (TWI), modified catchment area (MCA), slope percentage, and elevation. From the fuzzy class membership values, in combination with selective soil sampling and model calibration, calibrated and uncalibrated loess depth maps were generated. The mean absolute error (MAE) of predicted loess depth was 27 cm for uncalibrated prediction and 29 cm for calibrated prediction. Normalized yield data from 2011 found all five soil classes differed significantly in yield, giving evidence the five classes function differently in crop production.
An Extension to the Precision Time Protocol (PTP) to Enable the Detection of Cyber Attacks (2019)

The precision time protocol (PTP) is considered as one of the most favorable mechanisms for providing unified and precise time at the substation level in the smart grid. Nevertheless, PTP was shown to be vulnerable to cyber-attacks targeting its components and synchronization services. In this article, we capitalize on the theory and outcome of our previous work to contribute a more complete solution that addresses PTP cyber security. We propose to close the PTP loop through an extension that introduces new functionality and messages. This extension covers the PTP attack surface and enables the detection of attacks on PTP time synchronization. We formally model and verify the proposed extension using UPPAAL model checker. In addition, we validate the proposed extension using Omnet++ simulation. The evaluation demonstrates that our approach preserves PTP functionality, while successfully detecting cyber attacks against PTP components in a timely manner.
Súčasné fóra desivých zážitkov (2018)

Why would anyone go to see horror theatre nowadays? Cinema can give us spectacle on an enormous scale: the camera zooms in and out of buildings and bodies; CGI realises the ultra-real as much as the surreal; and sound systems make our bodies literally tremble. Similarly, TV gives us series like American Horror Story or The Walking Dead, richly developed narratives with the highest production values, to unnerve us in the assumed safety of homes. Additionally, new media takes us into unprecedented realms of horror: the digital game The Last of Us is an epic in which the player navigates survivors through a zombie-infested USA while Hellblade: Senua’s Sacrifice is best played with headphones to immerse the player in the binaural soundscape of the avatar’s psychosis, so that voices bait, mock yet guide the player as we lead the heroine into the underworld. How can theatre compete with any of these?
Data analytics in cloud data warehousing, case company (2019)

The objective of the final year project was to discover a solution for gathering and analyzing digital marketing service data from different sources such as Google ads, Facebook ads and internal database of case company. By viewing well-presented analyzed data, business owners, sales and campaign managers could easily achieve better and accurate planning and forecasting. As a result, this would improve case company business strategies. To reach the mentioned objective above, the cloud data warehousing solution was required to tackle two problems. Firstly, required data are scattered among the internet which often makes the analysis processes more complex and time consuming. Secondly, data have different models and analyzing such a large quantities of data demands a high-performance data processing platform. The project has successfully created a cloud data warehouse in Snowflake and scheduled different analytics processes on the given data imported from various sources. In addition, one of the most important outcomes of the project is that it provides various report files that contain analytics data.
Production, partial purification, and antimicrobial activity of a novel antibiotic produced by a <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> isolate from <i>Ulmus americana</i> (1988)

Antibiotic substances produced by a Bacillus subtilis isolate from the xylem of an American elm (Ulmus americana L.) inhibited several fungal plant pathogens including the Dutch elm disease pathogen, Ceratocystis ulrni. Bioassays indicated the bacterium produced a diffusible, methanol-soluble antibiotic on potato dextrose agar at 30 °C. Cellulose powder column chromatography separated the antibiotic, which was further purified on a Sephadex LH-20 column, yielding two peaks of antibiotic activity, BS1 and BS2. These were further purified by paper chromatography. High-performance liquid chromatography, using C-18 reverse phase chromatography under isocratic conditions, resulted in five 280-nm absorbing peaks. Only one peak contained antibiotic activity. Upon ultrafiltration, the antibiotics passed through a 500 mol. wt. filter. The antibiotic was soluble in water, absolute methanol, ethanol, and chloroform but not in hexane or petroleum ether. Antimicrobial activity differed from that of other B. subtilis antibiotics including iturin A, bacillomycin L, mycosubtilin, fengycin, and bacilysin. Ceratocystis ulmi exposed to BS1 produced short, twisted, and swollen hyphae with irregularly thickened cell walls.
The problem with 'problematising research' (1990)

In 1978 a multi-disciplinary research team was formed in a School of Medicine at a South Australian university, which devised an applied approach to research involving an Aboriginal community. The team investigated aspects of the social and psychological health of the community inducting studies of juvenile delinquency and court appearances, and substance abuse among both adults and adolescents. The ideal which illuminated the project was that of empowering' the community (although we did not use this term at the time) to act upon the various social ills that appeared to impede the simple process of living day-to-day life with a minimum of suffering, discomfort and anxiety.
Study on the thermotropic liquid crystalline polycarbonates. IV. Synthesis and properties of liquid crystalline poly(imide‐carbonate)s (1994)

Abstract Two series of novel thermotropic liquid crystalline poly(imide‐carbonate)s were prepared by melt polycondensation from various arylene or alkylene bis(phenylcarbonate)s by using N,N′ ‐bis(hydroxyethyl)pyromellitimide and N,N′ ‐bis(hydroxypropyl)pyromellitimide as monomers. Thermotropic liquid crystalline properties were characterized by a polarizing microscope with a heating stage and a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Nematic melts were found for the synthesized aromatic poly(imide‐carbonate)s. In order to investigate whether the pyromellitimide unit could be used as a mesogenic unit for preparing LC polymers, a series of aliphatic poly(imide‐carbonate)s was prepared in this study. However, no significant LC textures were found under the observation by polarizing microscope. It was suggested that the aspect ratio of the pyromellitimide unit was too short to form liquid crystalline poly(imide‐carbonate)s. In addition, it was interesting that the aliphatic poly(imide‐carbonate)s with a longer spacer ( n = 3) in the pyromellitimide unit showed better crystallinity. Thermostabilities of all synthesized poly(imide‐carbonate)s were measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Tree Analysis of BATS Codes (2015)

BATS codes are a class of efficient random linear network codes. In this letter, BATS codes are generalized to incorporate batches of different sizes, and the corresponding belief propagation (BP) decoding performance is studied. Using a tree-based analysis, a sufficient condition is obtained such that the BP decoder can recover a given fraction of the input symbols with high probability. Some assumptions in the previous works are relaxed in our analysis so that the analytical results can be applied to more general scenarios.
Joining thermoplastics with metallic and non-metallic materials (2012)

The special features of joining metallic components with thermoplastics are investigated. It is shown that the addition of metallic reinforcement to plastic components by means of ultrasound is an efficient method of producing permanent joints in plastic components.
PWB Solder Joint Life Calculations Under Thermal and Vibrational Loading (1992)

The goal of automating PWB solder joint fatigue life calculations into a design environment is to make reliability assessment information available to the designer as early as possible and in an easily understood and implemented manner. This paper discusses the assumptions and details of the fatigue life calculations under a combined thermal and vibrational load. A methodology is presented to evaluate the combined effects of simultaneous vibration and thermal cycling of solder joints. This combined loading situation is simulated by superposing the effects of the vibrational and thermal loads. The damage due to each load-type acting individually is determined and then superposed to assess the overall effective fatigue life of the joint. As a first order approximation. Palmgren-Miner's linear superposition rule is utilized.
Phase IIb Study of Intranasal Glutathione in Parkinson’s Disease (2017)

Although predicted improvements in PD total and motor scores were observed, these data do not suggest (in)GSH is superior to placebo after a three month intervention. The symptomatic effects are sufficient to warrant a delayed-start or wash-out design study for disease-modification trials. Whether long-term use of (in)GSH leads to clinical improvements that are sustained and significantly different than placebo will require appropriately-powered longer-duration studies in larger cohorts. The improvement in the placebo arm was more robust than has been observed in previous PD studies and warrants further investigation.
Influence of calcium chelators on concentrated micellar casein solutions : from micellar structure to viscosity and heat stability (2012)

In practice it is challenging to prepare a concentrated medical product with high heat stability and low viscosity. Calcium chelators are often added to dairy products to improve heat stability, but this may increase viscosity through interactions with the casein proteins. The aim of this thesis was to obtain a better understanding of the influence of different calcium chelators on the physico-chemical properties of casein micelles and the resulting effect on viscosity and heat stability of concentrated micellar casein isolate (MCI) solutions. The calcium chelators disodium uridine monophosphate (Na2UMP), disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4), trisodium citrate (TSC), sodium phytate (SP), and sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) were studied. Initially, the calcium-binding capacity of the phosphates was investigated and found to be directly related to the amount of charges. The resulting effects on physical changes of casein micelles were subsequently explored before and during heating. The viscosity of the MCI solutions increased upon addition of the calcium chelators, which was attributed to swelling of the caseins at decreasing calcium-ion activity. The calcium chelators induced different changes in turbidity of the MCI solutions, which could be related to the degree of dissociation of the casein micelles. Simulations of the ion equilibria indicated that the extent of casein micelle dissociation followed the calcium-binding capacity of the calcium chelators. Micelle dissociation occurred in the order of SHMP > SP > TSC > Na2HPO4 > Na2UMP. The results on heat stability indicated that the calcium-ion activity and state of the micellar structure before and during heating determined the heat stability of the MCI solutions. Na2UMP was the most effective heat stabilizer, as it bound sufficient free calcium ions to reduce protein aggregation without affecting the micellar structure. SHMP was the least effective heat stabilizer because of heat-induced changes occurring during heating. For polyphosphates, SHMP and SP, it was found that they decreased the isoint of casein by forming direct bindings with the caseins, for which calcium ions were not required. In conclusion, this thesis has provided new insights in the relationships between calcium chelators and their influence on the casein micelle structure and on the physico-chemical properties of concentrated MCI solutions. Also, the practical relevance for the dairy industry was described, demonstrating how different calcium chelators can manipulate the viscosity and heat stability of dairy products.
Transmission of 256Gb/s PM-16QAM Signal through Hybrid Cladding and Core Pumping Scheme MC-EDFA Controlled for Reduced Power Consumption (2017)

We transmit 256Gb/s signal through 404km, passing 8 times a hybrid pumping scheme MC-EDFA controlled depending on monitored temperature. Received Q value variations are within ±0.15dB while power consumption is reduced by up to 38.0%.
RsmA and the Quorum-Sensing Signal,<i>N</i>-[3-Oxohexanoyl]-<scp>l</scp>-Homoserine Lactone, Control the Levels of<i>rsmB</i>RNA in<i>Erwinia carotovora</i>subsp.<i>carotovora</i>by Affecting Its Stability (2002)

RsmA (for regulator of secondary metabolism), RsmC, and rsmB RNA, the components of a posttranscriptional regulatory system, control extracellular protein production and pathogenicity in Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora. RsmA, an RNA binding protein, acts as a negative regulator by promoting message decay. rsmB RNA, on the other hand, acts as a positive regulator by neutralizing the effect of RsmA. RsmC modulates the levels of RsmA and rsmB RNA by positively regulating rsmA and negatively controlling rsmB. The level of rsmB RNA is substantially higher in RsmA(+) bacteria than in RsmA(-) mutants. We show that rsmB RNA is more stable in the presence of RsmA than in its absence. RsmA does not stimulate the expression of an rsmB-lacZ transcriptional fusion; in fact, the beta-galactosidase level is somewhat higher in RsmA(-) bacteria than in RsmA(+) bacteria. We also investigated the basis for increased levels of rsmA and rsmB RNAs in the absence of the quorum-sensing signal, N-[3-oxohexanoyl]-L-homoserine lactone (OHL). The absence of OHL activates transcription of rsmA but not of rsmB. Instead, increased stability of rsmB RNA in the presence of RsmA accounts for the elevated levels of the rsmB RNA in OHL(-) bacteria. Mutant studies disclosed that while RsmA, OHL, and RsmC control the levels of rsmB RNA, high levels of rsmB RNA occur in the absence of RsmC or OHL only in RsmA(+) bacteria, indicating a critical role for RsmA in modulating the levels of rsmB RNA. The findings reported here firmly establish that the quorum-sensing signal is channeled in E. carotovora subsp. carotovora via the rsmA-rsmB posttranscriptional regulatory system.
Moving Object Detection and Tracking Based on Interaction of Static Obstacle Map and Geometric Model-Free Approachfor Urban Autonomous Driving (2020)

Detection and tracking of moving objects (DATMO) in an urban environment using Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) is a major challenge for autonomous vehicles due to sparse point cloud, multiple moving directions, various traffic participants, and computational load. To address the complexity of this issue, this study presents a novel model-free approach for DATMO using 2D LiDAR implemented on autonomous vehicles. The approach has been used to classify moving points in the point cloud using the predicted Static Obstacle Map (SOM) generated via interaction between Geometric Model-Free Approach (GMFA) and SOM, and estimates the state of each moving object via GMFA. The motion of each point represented by the state of moving objects updates the SOM. The interaction between GMFA and SOM estimates the correspondence between consecutive point clouds in real-time. The proposed approach has been evaluated via RT range and labeled dataset. The accuracy of estimation of the yaw angle and the velocity of a moving vehicle has been quantitatively evaluated using the RT-range. The performance is significantly improved compared with the geometric model-based tracking (MBT). The estimation of the yaw angle, which has a significant effect on the cut-in/cut-out intention of the target vehicle, is shown to be remarkably improved. Based on the evaluation of the labeled dataset, false-positive and false-negative features are suppressed more than MBT.
Characterizing Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle Consumers Most Influenced by California’s Electric Vehicle Rebate (2017)

California’s Clean Vehicle Rebate Project (CVRP) provides cash rebates to make plug-in and fuel-cell electric vehicle purchases and leases more financially attractive. Self-reported evidence provided by CVRP participants provides a unique opportunity to examine the influence of the incentive from the consumer perspective. With evidence from a voluntary survey offered to all individual CVRP participants, this inquiry used logistic regression to examine the relationship between consumer factors and the influence of CVRP on consumers’ acquisition decisions. In other words, would they have purchased their vehicle without the rebate? This initial analysis examined a set of consumers who adopted plug-in hybrid electric vehicles between fall 2012 and spring 2015 ( n = 7,345). Factors considered for inclusion encompassed transaction, household, and demographic characteristics, motivations for adopting plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, and measures of experience with plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs). Findings indicated, as expected, that several characteristics and experiences are associated with a greater likelihood that a consumer would consider the rebate essential. These characteristics and experiences include having lower household income, being younger, adopting less-expensive vehicles, being more motivated to adopt a PEV by a desire to save money, being less motivated to adopt a PEV by a desire to reduce environmental impact, and reporting a lower initial interest level in adopting a PEV. Less straightforward, but informative, results included a positive association between rebate influence and identification with a nonwhite ethnicity or as male. Additionally, the lack of significance of some predictors was unexpected; in particular, no housing characteristics were associated with the influence of the rebate.