gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Leucine Zipper-bearing Kinase promotes axon growth in mammalian central nervous system neurons (2016)

Leucine Zipper-bearing Kinase (LZK/MAP3K13) is a member of the mixed lineage kinase family with high sequence identity to Dual Leucine Zipper Kinase (DLK/MAP3K12). While DLK is established as a key regulator of axonal responses to injury, the role of LZK in mammalian neurons is poorly understood. By gain- and loss-of-function analyses in neuronal cultures, we identify LZK as a novel positive regulator of axon growth. LZK signals specifically through MKK4 and JNKs among MAP2Ks and MAPKs respectively in neuronal cells, with JNK activity positively regulating LZK protein levels. Neuronal maturation or activity deprivation activates the LZK-MKK4-JNK pathway. LZK and DLK share commonalities in signaling, regulation, and effects on axon extension. Furthermore, LZK-dependent regulation of DLK protein expression and the lack of additive effects on axon growth upon co-manipulation suggest complex functional interaction and cross-regulation between these two kinases. Together, our data support the possibility for two structurally related MAP3Ks to work in concert to mediate axonal responses to external insult or injury in mammalian CNS neurons.
The Synthesis of Some 1, 8‐Phenanthrolines and Related Compounds (1983)

Abstract The synthesis of ethyl 4‐oxo‐1, 4‐dihydro‐1, 8‐phenanthroline‐3‐carboxylate (2a) and some other 1, 8‐phenanthrolines is reported. The ethylation of the above ester yields a thermochromic product 2b and some ethyl 4‐ethoxy‐1, 8‐phenanthroline‐3‐carboxylate (3b). Reexamination of similar ethylations of analogous esters derived from 1, 7‐phenanthroline and 1, 10‐phenanthroline indicated formation of the O ‐ethyl derivative of the former and the N ‐ethyl derivative of the latter.
Laser surface pre-treatment of aluminum for hybrid joints with glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics (2015)

Lightweight construction is a major trend in the automotive industry. The connection of fiber reinforced plastics with aluminum is consequently seen as a promising prospect. In this regard, thermal joining is one potential joining technology for bonding of such hybrid joints. Yet a pretreatment of the aluminum surface is necessary to create a load bearing metal-plastic joint. Recent research has shown that a laser surface pretreatment provides high joint strengths. However, there is a variety of laser sources and possible surface topographies with typical structure sizes ranging from macroscopic to nanoscopic profiles. Within this work, two different laser induced structures were generated on aluminum sheets which were subsequently joined to glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics. One of the two laser structures was created with a continuous wave laser using a modified remote ablation cutting process. The other structure was manufactured by a pulsed laser source with a pulse width in the nanosecond-range. The two laser processes were compared with a conventional abrasive blasting process and they were characterized in terms of surface topography and chemical composition of the surface. Furthermore, the achievable joint strength for joining with glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics was investigated. It is shown that the properties of the thermoplastic as well as the surface topography and chemical composition of the metal strongly influence the resulting joint strength.
Dynamics of Bulk Polymer Heterostructure/Electrolyte Devices (2010)

The application of organic semiconductors and bulk heterojunction (BHJ) devices in photoelectrochemical cells, electrolyte-gated field effect transistors, and neuromorphic devices involves the interface of the polymer with an electrolyte. We report the observation of interesting features arising from bulk and interfacial properties of stable polymer/electrolyte devices from photovoltage and differential photocapacitance measurements. A crossover in polarity of the photovoltage signal as a function of BHJ layer thickness and a crossover in the sign of differential photocapacitance as a function of frequency are observed in certain classes of these device structures. The presence of the critical thickness and crossover frequency can be understood in the framework of an electrical transport model and the parameters defining the interfacial capacitance.
Post-processor for data path synthesis using multiport memories (2002)

A novel design methodology for data path synthesis using multiport memories is presented which can be applied to scheduled algorithms or to already synthesized data paths as a postprocessor to reduce the design space. Based on simple and clear but powerful principles, the proposed technique not only groups variables to a minimum number of multiport memories depending on their ports and taking into consideration the variables' access requirements, but also minimizes their interconnection hardware (such as buses, multiplexers, and tri-state buffers) to functional units. The system, MAP, supports the synthesis of architecture in both linear topology and random topology for the application-specific design. The minimization problems have been formulated as 0-1 integer linear programming problems. Experiments on benchmarks show very promising results and the CPU time for all the benchmarks is less than 1.4 s.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pitting Corrosion and Crevice Corrosion of an Advanced Chromium-based Stainless Steel (1999)

Abstract Alloy 33 is a (wt. %) 33Cr-32Fe-31Ni-1.6Mo-0.6Cu-0.4N austenitic stainless steel combining high yield strength of min. 380 N/mm2 (55 KSI) with high resistance to local corrosion and superior resistance to stress corrosion cracking. Ranking the material according to its PRE (pitting resistance equivalent) value, the new alloy fits in between the advanced 6 % Mo superaustenitics and the nickel-base Alloy 625 but due to the balanced chemical composition the alloy shows a lot less sensitivity to segregation in the base material as well as in welded structures. It is recommended to weld the material with matching filler. The critical pitting temperature of such joints in the 10 % FeCl3 · 6H2O solution is reduced by only 10°C in comparison to the base material. Corrosion tests in artificial seawater (20 g/l Cl-) with additions of chloride up to 37 g/l as well as in a NaCl-CaCl2 solution with 62 g/l Cl- revealed that the critical pitting temperature does not differentiate from the 6 % Mo austenitic steel Alloy 926. With respect to crevice corrosion the depassivation pH value has been determined in 1 M NaCl solution according to Crolet9 and again there was no difference between Alloy 33 and Alloy 926. SCC tests performed on Alloy 33 in the solution annealed condition as well as after heavy cold work up to RP0,2 ≈ 1100 – 1200 N/mm2 (160 – 174 KSI) indicate the high resistance to stress corrosion cracking in hot sodium chloride solutions.
CT simulation for radiotherapy treatment planning (2002)

The present status of CT simulation (CT sim) hardware, software and practice is reviewed, particularly with regard to the changes that have taken place over the last 5 years. The latest technology is discussed together with some recently developed techniques. The article concludes with a discussion of virtual simulation vs physical (conventional) simulation; in particular there is a review of the changes that have been made to the "Disadvantages table" presented by Conway and Robinson [1], which now make CT sim an attractive system for any radiotherapy department.
Oligodendrocyte lineage genes ( <i>OLIG</i> ) as molecular markers for human glial brain tumors (2001)

The most common primary tumors of the human brain are thought to be of glial cell origin. However, glial cell neoplasms cannot be fully classified by cellular morphology or with conventional markers for astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, or their progenitors. Recent insights into central nervous system tumorigenesis suggest that novel molecular markers might be found among factors that have roles in glial development. Oligodendrocyte lineage genes (Olig1/2) encode basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors. In the rodent central nervous system, they are expressed exclusively in oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte progenitors, and Olig1 can promote formation of an chondroitin sulfate proteoglycon-positive glial progenitor. Here we show that human OLIG genes are expressed strongly in oligodendroglioma, contrasting absent or low expression in astrocytoma. Our data provide evidence that neoplastic cells of oligodendroglioma resemble oligodendrocytes or their progenitor cells and may derive from cells of this lineage. They further suggest the diagnostic potential of OLIG markers to augment identification of oligodendroglial tumors.
Direct evidence for implanted Fe on substitutional Ga sites in GaN (2001)

The lattice location of iron in thin-film, single-crystalline hexagonal GaN was studied by means of the emission channeling technique. Following 60 keV room temperature implantation of the precursor isotope Mn59 at a dose of 1.0×1013 cm−2 and annealing up to 900 °C, the angular distribution of β− particles emitted by the radioactive isotope Fe59 was measured by a position-sensitive electron detector. The β− emission patterns around the [0001], [1_102], [1_101], and [2_113] directions give direct evidence that the majority of Fe (80%) occupies substitutional Ga sites.
"GARANTIAS CONSTITUCIONAIS PENAIS" (2014)

Devo começar por lembrar que a mim coube, neste “Curso sobre a Constituição Federal de 1988” como está na programação, o tema “Garantias Constitucionais Penais”. Verifica-se, porém, que alguns temas
A 1V MNC Bandgap Reference with High Temperature Stability (2006)

A 1 V matched nonlinear correction (MNC) CMOS bandgap reference is presented in this paper. A 1 V operational amplifier (OPA) with rail-to-rail input signal swing is also applied in the reference circuit. According to the simulation results, the output voltage is 353.12 mv and there is only plusmn0.4 mv variation from the range of -20 degC to 100 degC. The power dissipation of the circuit is 0.16 mW, and the area is 0.1 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup>
3D Pose Regression Using Convolutional Neural Networks (2017)

3D pose estimation is a key component of many important computer vision tasks such as autonomous navigation and 3D scene understanding. Most state-of-the-art approaches to 3D pose estimation solve this problem as a pose-classification problem in which the pose space is discretized into bins and a CNN classifier is used to predict a pose bin. We argue that the 3D pose space is continuous and propose to solve the pose estimation problem in a CNN regression framework with a suitable representation, data augmentation and loss function that captures the geometry of the pose space. Experiments on PASCAL3D+ show that the proposed 3D pose regression approach achieves competitive performance compared to the state-of-the-art.
Fiber-reinforced scaffolds in soft tissue engineering (2017)

Soft tissue engineering has been developed as a new strategy for repairing damaged or diseased soft tissues and organs to overcome the limitations of current therapies. Since most of soft tissues in the human body are usually supported by collagen fibers to form a three-dimensional microstructure, fiber-reinforced scaffolds have the advantage to mimic the structure, mechanical and biological environment of natural soft tissues, which benefits for their regeneration and remodeling. This article reviews and discusses the latest research advances on design and manufacture of novel fiber-reinforced scaffolds for soft tissue repair and how fiber addition affects their structural characteristics, mechanical strength and biological activities <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo.</i> In general, the concept of fiber-reinforced scaffolds with adjustable microstructures, mechanical properties and degradation rates can provide an effective platform and promising method for developing satisfactory biomechanically functional implantations for soft tissue engineering or regenerative medicine.
Three-Dimensional Printed Electrode and Its Novel Applications in Electronic Devices (2018)

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology provides a novel approach to material fabrication for various applications because of its ability to create low-cost 3D printed platforms. In this study, a printable graphene-based conductive filament was employed to create a range of 3D printed electrodes (3DEs) using a commercial 3D printer. This printing technology provides a simplistic and low-cost approach, which eliminates the need for the ex-situ modification and post-treatment of the product. The conductive nature of the 3DEs provides numerous deposition platforms for electrochemical active nanomaterials such as graphene, polypyrrole, and cadmium sulfide, either through electrochemical or physical approaches. To provide proof-of-concept, these 3DEs were physiochemically and electrochemically evaluated and proficiently fabricated into a supercapacitor and photoelectrochemical sensor. The as-fabricated supercapacitor provided a good capacitance performance, with a specific capacitance of 98.37 Fg<sup>-1</sup>. In addition, these 3DEs were fabricated into a photoelectrochemical sensing platform. They had a photocurrent response that exceeded expectations (~724.1 μA) and a lower detection limit (0.05 μM) than an ITO/FTO glass electrode. By subsequently modifying the printing material and electrode architecture, this 3D printing approach could provide a facile and rapid manufacturing process for energy devices based on the conceptual design.
Preparation and nuclease activity of hybrid "metallotris(methylpyridinium)porphyrin oligonucleotide" molecules having a 3'-loop for protection against 3'-exonucleases (1995)

A 5'-GCGAAAGC minihairpin structure was added to the 3'-end of an oligonucleotide substituted at the 5'-end by a manganese cationic porphyrin in order to enhance the 3'-exonuclease resistance of these cleaver-antisense molecules. The influence of this minihairpin on the 3'-exonuclease resistance, the binding affinity to a target ssDNA, and the cleaving efficiency of Mn-cationic porphyrin oligonucleotide conjugates was compared to that of the parent molecule without the 3'-hairpin. The results showed that the 3'-hairpin slightly decreased the binding affinity and consequently the cleaving efficiency of the conjugated molecule toward a target sequence, but the much higher nuclease resistance makes 3'-minihairpin-protected metalloporphyrin oligonucleotides good candidates as reactive antisense oligonucleotides for studies on cells.
Controlling Ce3+ Emission Color in Silicate Garnet Phosphor (2009)

In this report, we discuss the crystal chemistry and luminescence properties of Ce3+ activated Lu2-xCa1+xMg2-xScxSi3O12 garnets. We identify that the previously published silicate garnets, Lu2CaMg2Si3O12 and Ca3Sc2Si3O12 form a full solid solution with Sc3+ primarily substituting for Mg2+ in octahedral and Ca2+ substitution in the dodecahedral sites. Within this solid solution, both the lowest energy Ce3+ 4f1®5d1 excitation peak and the Ce3+ 5d1® 4f1 emission peak blueshifts as x increases with emission maximum for x = 0 at ~605nm and x =2 at ~505nm. The reasons for this blueshift in the luminescence spectra is discussed as well as the thermal quenching of these phosphors as a function of composition
Analysis of High-Frequency Vibration of Tension Leg Platforms (1987)

The dynamic response of a tension leg platform is studied using spectral analysis techniques. Equations of motion are derived for the rigid platform and its legs which are idealized as cables with longitudinal inertia. Attention is focused on the high-frequency resonant response of the platform in heave, pitch and roll modes with typical periods of 3 to 5 s. These modes are lightly damped, but the wave excitation at the high natural frequencies is small. Thus the response may turn out to be small. Formulas are derived for expected fatigue damage in the tethers due to high-frequency resonant vibration. The analysis includes linear damping from wave radiation and from energy dissipation in the tethers. By way of example, the results of the analysis are applied to a typical tension leg platform for petroleum production in 640 m (2100 ft) of water. The fatigue life for resonant vibration is found to be adequate.
Failure analysis of high performance ballistic fibers (2015)

High performance fibers have a high tensile strength and modulus, good wear resistance, and a low density, making them ideal for applications in ballistic impact resistance, such as body armor. However, the observed ballistic performance of these fibers is much lower than the predicted values. Since the predictions assume only tensile stress failure, it is safe to assume that the stress state is affecting fiber performance. The purpose of this research was to determine if there are failure mode changes in the fiber fracture when transversely loaded by indenters of different shapes. An experimental design mimicking transverse impact was used to determine any such effects. Three different indenters were used: round, FSP, and razor blade. The indenter height was changed to change the angle of failure tested. Five high performance fibers were examined: Kevlar® KM2, Spectra® 130d, Dyneema® SK-62 and SK-76, and Zylon® 555. Failed fibers were analyzed using an SEM to determine failure mechanisms. The results show that the round and razor blade indenters produced a constant failure strain, as well as failure mechanisms independent of testing angle. The FSP indenter produced a decrease in failure strain as the angle increased. Fibrillation was the dominant failure mechanism at all angles for the round indenter, while through thickness shearing was the failure mechanism for the razor blade. The FSP indenter showed a transition from fibrillation at low angles to through thickness shearing at high angles, indicating that the round and razor blade indenters are extreme cases of the FSP indenter. The failure mechanisms observed with the FSP indenter at various angles correlated with the experimental strain data obtained during fiber testing. This indicates that geometry of the indenter tip in compression is a contributing factor in lowering the failure strain of the high performance fibers. TEM analysis of the fiber failure mechanisms was also attempted, though without success.
글쓰기는 생각쓰기이자 삶쓰기 (2013)

이 논문은 대학 글쓰기교육의 현황을 보고하고 삶을 가꾸는 글쓰기교육의 이상을 위한 방향을 모색하는 데 목적을 둔다. 삶을 변화시키는 글쓰기란, 종래의 '결과 중심 글쓰기교육'이나 수사학적 작문교육 방식과는 다르다. 학생들이 전범으로 삼을 명사의 모범 문장을 원문 통달시키거나 명문을 모방하라고 주입식으로 교육하지 않는다. 비판적 사고에...
A silicon bipolar technology for high-efficiency power applications up to C-band (2003)

This paper presents the large-signal characterization and modeling of a 0.8-/spl mu/m 46-GHz-f/sub T/ silicon bipolar technology for RF power applications up to C-band. A series of devices with optimized layout and vertical structure was fabricated for on-wafer load-pull testing at 1.9 GHz, 2.4 GHz, and 5.2 GHz. Under continuous-wave operation, a 56% power-added efficiency and 11-dB large-signal gain were achieved at a 22-dBm output power level by an 80-/spl mu/m emitter length device (180-/spl mu/m/sup 2/ emitter area) operating at 5.2 GHz with a 2.7-V supply voltage. A modified Gummel-Poon model was extracted from DC and multibias S-parameter measurements and validated by comparisons with load-pull results. Close agreement was found between simulated and measured large-signal performance up to power levels well above the 1-dB compression point.
The Emerging Internet of Things Marketplace From an Industrial Perspective: A Survey (2015)

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a dynamic global information network consisting of Internet-connected objects, such as Radio frequency identifications, sensors, actuators, as well as other instruments and smart appliances that are becoming an integral component of the future Internet. Over the last decade, we have seen a large number of the IoT solutions developed by start-ups, small and medium enterprises, large corporations, academic research institutes (such as universities), and private and public research organizations making their way into the market. In this paper, we survey over one hundred IoT smart solutions in the marketplace and examine them closely in order to identify the technologies used, functionalities, and applications. Based on the application domain, we classify and discuss these solutions under five different categories: 1) smart wearable; 2) smart home; 3) smart city; 4) smart environment; and 5) smart enterprise. This survey is intended to serve as a guideline and a conceptual framework for future research in the IoT and to motivate and inspire further developments. It also provides a systematic exploration of existing research and suggests a number of potentially significant research directions.
Factors governing the ratio of isomeric oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octanones formed on Baeyer–Villiger oxidation of some 5-endo,7-anti-disubstituted bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ones (1978)

It was found that the outcome of Baeyer–Villiger oxidation of 5-endo,7-anti-disubstituted bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ones was influenced by at least three factors: (i) the electronegativity of the substituent at C-7; (ii) the hydrogen-bonding capability of the substituent at C-5; and (iii) the peracid employed. The optimum substituents and reaction conditions for oxidation of a bicycloheptanone to the corresponding 2-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-one were delineated and used in the synthesis of a prostaglandin intermediate.
Nd<sup>3+</sup>-Sensitized Ho<sup>3+</sup> Single-Band Red Upconversion Luminescence in Core–Shell Nanoarchitecture (2015)

A strategy to achieve 808 nm excited single-band red upconversion luminescence of Ho(3+) via the core-shell nanoarchitecture design was provided. Specifically, the synthesized Yb/Ho/Ce: NaGdF4@Yb/Nd: NaYF4 active-core@active-shell nanoparticles were evidenced to enable high-content doping of Nd(3+) (∼10 mol %) in the shell layer and, thus, markedly enhance red upconversion emission from Ho(3+) activators in the core with the assistance of spatially confined doping of Nd(3+) ions and efficient energy transfer of Nd(3+) → Yb(3+)(shell) → Yb(3+)(core) → Ho(3+). Importantly, introducing Ce(3+) into the core was beneficial to the competition of radiation transitions from the two intermediate excited states of Ho(3+): (5)S2,(5)F4 (green-emitting) and Ho(3+): (5)F5 (red-emitting), which induced great enhancement in the red to green intensity ratio and ultimately intense single-band red upconversion emission. We believe that this preliminary study will provide an important advance in developing luminescent markers suitable for biolabeling applications.
Alpha1-antitrypsin: Structure, function and molecular biology of the gene (1989)

Alpha 1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is one of the commonest inherited disorders in white Caucasians. This association has provided major insights into the pathogenesis of chronic lung disease. The three dimensional structure of the protein and the structure of the gene have been determined. Some of the signals required for regulation of expression and tissue-specificity have been defined. Genetic manipulation of active site residues may provide a new generation of biological compounds with potential therapeutic applications.