gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spin‐echo m‐mode nmr imaging (1992)

A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging and display method for the observation of the continuous motion of objects is presented. By modifying a line scan technique, the spin-density distribution along a line is displayed in succession. Although spatial information is limited to only one dimension, the motion of the object is recorded at intervals of 55 ms by using a commercially available NMR imaging system. In a phantom study, this method yielded accurate velocity measurements along a single axis. When the method was applied to the human chest, an image analogous to that of M-mode echocardiography was obtained. This method, which can be called spin-echo M-mode NMR imaging, approaches the functional analysis of cardiac wall motion in regions where echocardiography is not possible. The effects of respiratory motion on the left ventricular wall were recorded in addition to its intrinsic contractile motion in an image obtained along a line parallel to the cranio-caudal axis of the body. The advantages of this method to assess cardiac wall motion in a patient with an arrhythmia were also demonstrated.
Software Metrics Evaluation Based on Entropy (2010)

The complexity of modern software, the commercial constraints and the expectation for high quality product demands the accurate fault prediction based on OO design metrics in the class level in the early stages of software development. The object oriented class metrics are used as quality predictors in the entire OO software development life cycle even when a highly iterative, incremental model or agile software process is employed. Recent research has shown some of the OO design metrics are useful for predicting fault-proneness of classes. In this chapter the empirical validation of a set of metrics proposed by Chidamber and Kemerer is performed to assess their ability in predicting the software quality in terms of fault proneness and degradation. The authors have also proposed the design complexity of object-oriented software with Weighted Methods per Class metric (WMC-CK metric) expressed in terms of Shannon entropy, and error proneness.
Introducing M.M.SE.OR.2017 (2018)

The International Workshop Mathematical Modeling of Self-Organizations in Medicine, Biology and Ecology: from micro to macro (M
Generative Adversarial Residual Pairwise Networks for One Shot Learning (2017)

Deep neural networks achieve unprecedented performance levels over many tasks and scale well with large quantities of data, but performance in the low-data regime and tasks like one shot learning still lags behind. While recent work suggests many hypotheses from better optimization to more complicated network structures, in this work we hypothesize that having a learnable and more expressive similarity objective is an essential missing component. Towards overcoming that, we propose a network design inspired by deep residual networks that allows the efficient computation of this more expressive pairwise similarity objective. Further, we argue that regularization is key in learning with small amounts of data, and propose an additional generator network based on the Generative Adversarial Networks where the discriminator is our residual pairwise network. This provides a strong regularizer by leveraging the generated data samples. The proposed model can generate plausible variations of exemplars over unseen classes and outperforms strong discriminative baselines for few shot classification tasks. Notably, our residual pairwise network design outperforms previous state-of-theart on the challenging mini-Imagenet dataset for one shot learning by getting over 55% accuracy for the 5-way classification task over unseen classes.
A system for creating personalized synthetic voices (2005)

We will be demonstrating the ModelTalker Voice Creation System, which allows users to create a personalized synthetic voice with an unrestricted vocabulary. The system includes a tool for recording a speech inventory and a program that converts the recorded inventory into a synthetic voice for the ModelTalker TTS engine. The entire system can be downloaded for use on a home PC or in a clinical setting, and the resulting synthetic voices can be used with any SAPI compliant system.We will demonstrate the recording process, and convert the recordings to a mini-database with a limited vocabulary for participants to hear.
The role of post‐translational modifications in acute and chronic cardiovascular disease (2014)

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, accounting for both primary diseases of the heart and vasculature and arising as a co-morbidity with numerous pathologies, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There has been significant emphasis on the role of the genome in CVD, aiding in the definition of 'at-risk' patients. The extent of disease penetrance however, can be influenced by environmental factors that are not detectable by investigating the genome alone. By targeting the transcriptome in response to CVD, the interplay between genome and environment is more apparent, however this implies the level of protein expression without reference to proteolytic turnover, or potentially more importantly, without defining the role of PTMs in the development of disease. Here, we discuss the role of both brief and irreversible PTMs in the setting of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Key proteins involved in calcium regulation have been observed as differentially modified by phosphorylation/O-GlcNAcylation or phosphorylation/redox modifications, with the level of interplay dependent on the physiological or pathophysiological state. The ability to modify crucial sites to produce the desired functional output is modulated by the presence of other PTMs as exemplified in the T2DM heart, where hyperglycemia results in aberrant O-GlcNAcylation and advanced glycation end products. By using the signalling events predicted to be critical to post-conditioning, an intervention with great promise for the cardioprotection of the ischemia/reperfusion injured heart, as an example, we discuss the level of PTMs and their interplay. The inability of post-conditioning to protect the diabetic heart may be regulated by aberrant PTMs influencing those sites necessary for protection.
CAR T Cells Releasing IL-18 Convert to T-Bethigh FoxO1low Effectors that Exhibit Augmented Activity against Advanced Solid Tumors (2017)

Adoptive therapy with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-redirected T cells has achieved remarkable efficacy in the treatment of hematopoietic malignancies. However, eradicating large solid tumors in advanced stages of the disease remains challenging. We explored augmentation of the anti-tumor immune reaction by establishing an acute inflammatory reaction. Systematic screening indicates that IL-18 polarizes CAR T cells toward T-bet<sup>high</sup> FoxO1<sup>low</sup> effectors with an acute inflammatory response. CAR T cells engineered with inducible IL-18 release exhibited superior activity against large pancreatic and lung tumors that were refractory to CAR T cells without cytokines. IL-18 CAR T cell treatment was accompanied by an overall change in the immune cell landscape associated with the tumor. More specifically, CD206<sup>-</sup> M1 macrophages and NKG2D<sup>+</sup> NK cells increased in number, whereas Tregs, suppressive CD103<sup>+</sup> DCs, and M2 macrophages decreased, suggesting that "iIL18 TRUCKs" can be used to sensitize large solid tumor lesions for successful immune destruction.
Tumor Suppressor <i>CHK2</i>: Regulator of DNA Damage Response and Mediator of Chromosomal Stability (2010)

CHK2 is a multiorgan tumor susceptibility gene that encodes for a serine/threonine protein kinase involved in the response to cellular DNA damage. After ATM-mediated phosphorylation, the activated Chk2 kinase can act as a signal transducer and phosphorylate a variety of substrates, including the Cdc25 phosphatases, p53, PML, E2F-1, and Brca1, which has been associated with halting the cell cycle, the initiation of DNA repair, and the induction of apoptosis after DNA damage. In addition, recent work has revealed another, DNA-damage-independent function of Chk2 during mitosis that is required for proper mitotic spindle assembly and maintenance of chromosomal stability. This novel role involves a mitotic phosphorylation of the tumor suppressor Brca1 by the Chk2 kinase. On the basis of its role during DNA damage response, Chk2 has been suggested as an anticancer therapy target, but given its recently discovered new function and its role as a tumor suppressor, it is questionable whether inhibition of Chk2 is indeed beneficial for anticancer treatment. However, investigators may be able to exploit the loss of CHK2 in human tumors to develop novel therapies based on synthetic lethal interactions.
Design optimization for cost and quality: The robust design approach (1990)

Designing reliable, low cost, and operable space systems has become the key to future space operations. Designing high quality space systems at low cost is an economic and technological challenge to the designer. A systematic and efficient way to meet this challenge is a new method of design optimization for performance, quality, and cost, called Robust Design. Robust Design is an approach for design optimization. It consists of: making system performance insensitive to material and subsystem variation, thus allowing the use of less costly materials and components; making designs less sensitive to the variations in the operating environment, thus improving reliability and reducing operating costs; and using a new structured development process so that engineering time is used most productively. The objective in Robust Design is to select the best combination of controllable design parameters so that the system is most robust to uncontrollable noise factors. The robust design methodology uses a mathematical tool called an orthogonal array, from design of experiments theory, to study a large number of decision variables with a significantly small number of experiments. Robust design also uses a statistical measure of performance, called a signal-to-noise ratio, from electrical control theory, to evaluate the level of performance and the effect of noise factors. The purpose is to investigate the Robust Design methodology for improving quality and cost, demonstrate its application by the use of an example, and suggest its use as an integral part of space system design process.
Abstract #2018: Antitumor activity of PM00104 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) experimental models (2009)

PM00104 is a new synthetic alkaloid related to Jorumycin and the Renieramycins with in vitro growth-inhibitory properties in the low nanomolar range as well as anti-tumor activity in vivo against several adult and pediatric tumors. PM00104 affects cell cycle, displays DNA binding properties and transcriptional inhibition. Currently PM00104 is under late Phase I development in solid tumors.The in vivo antitumor activity of PM00104 administered as a single agent or in combination (with Sorafenib) has been investigated in two xenografted hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) models, namely HepG2 and PLC/PRF/5. Briefly, athymic nude female mice were subcutaneously implanted with matrigel-cell suspensions (HepG2 or PLC/PRF/5). When tumors reached ca. 150 ± 100 mg, mice were randomly allocated into treatment and control groups (n=10-15 animals/group); an experiment involving larger tumors (ca. 300 mg) was also performed (HepG2). Treatments were initiated (Day 0) and administered on an individual body weight basis. Tumor dimensions and body weights were recorded twice weekly starting with the first day of treatment. Treatments producing >20% lethality and/or 20% net body weight loss were considered as toxic. Mean, standard deviation and standard error of the mean were determined for tumor volume for all dose groups at all assessments. PM00104 was intravenously dosed at 0.9, 0.6 or 0.45 mg/kg/day on a weekly schedule for 3 consecutive weeks (q7dx3). In the combination studies, PM00104 was dosed as previously described and Sorafenib was orally administered at 60 or 30 mg/kg/day for 21 consecutive days (qd21). Both compounds were co-administered at the same time, with no attempt to explore whether the sequence may affect the final result. Results demonstrated that Zalypsis (q7dx3 at 0.9, 0.6 or 0.45 mg/kg/day) produced statistically significant antitumor activity (P Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 2018.
Scaling the Aspect Ratio of Nanoscale Closely Packed Silicon Vias by MacEtch: Kinetics of Carrier Generation and Mass Transport (2017)

Metal‐assisted chemical etching (MacEtch) has shown tremendous success as an anisotropic wet etching method to produce ultrahigh aspect ratio semiconductor nanowire arrays, where a metal mesh pattern serves as the catalyst. However, producing vertical via arrays using MacEtch, which requires a pattern of discrete metal disks as the catalyst, has often been challenging because of the detouring of individual catalyst disks off the vertical path while descending, especially at submicron scales. Here, the realization of ordered, vertical, and high aspect ratio silicon via arrays by MacEtch is reported, with diameters scaled from 900 all the way down to sub‐100 nm. Systematic variation of the diameter and pitch of the metal catalyst pattern and the etching solution composition allows the extraction of a physical model that, for the first time, clearly reveals the roles of the two fundamental kinetic mechanisms in MacEtch, carrier generation and mass transport. Ordered submicron diameter silicon via arrays with record aspect ratio are produced, which can directly impact the through‐silicon‐via technology, high density storage, photonic crystal membrane, and other related applications.
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of a technetium-99m-labeled 2-nitroimidazole (BMS181321) as a marker of tumor hypoxia. (1996)

These results suggest BMS181321 or an analog of it will be a useful agent to investigate the status of hypoxia in solid tumors experimentally and potentially in the clinic.
Zirconium in the nuclear industry: Tenth international symposium. ASTM STP 1245 (1994)

This symposium consisted of seven platform sessions: hydrogen effects; pressure tubes; fabrication; lithium effects and second phase particles; mechanical properties; oxide characterization; and in-reactor corrosion. The technical information contained in this book is valuable to zirconium alloy producers, nuclear fuel fabricators, reactor materials designers and development engineers, utility plant operators, and regulators. Separate abstracts were prepared for 40 papers of this book.
Accurate traffic replay based on interactive sequence and timestamp (2017)

Existing traffic replay methods are mainly aim to generate a large number of network traffic per unit time, which neglect the time's authenticity of replay traffic. In order to generate the network traffic which is exactly the same as the real traffic in the target network, including packet's numbers, payloads, interactive orders and time series, this paper proposes a traffic replay method based on packet's interactive sequence and timestamp. Firstly, zero-copy technology is used to capture network traffic in real network, Then the flows are processed by data processing operations such as de-duplicating, ip-address mapping and filtering. Finally, network traffic is generated accurately in the target network by the replay program. The experimental results show that the traffic which is generated by our methods is completely consistent with the original traffic at packet's numbers, payloads, interaction orders. In addition, the similarity of the interaction time is averaged at 99.9%, which confirms that this method is correct and feasible.
Design of optimum controller for electronic control system of Metal Halide-High Intensity Discharge Lamps (2014)

Energy crisis has now become a global concern. Research at various levels is on to save energy in almost every field. Artificial lighting is one of the areas where tremendous amount of energy is consumed. Metal Halide (MH) High Intensity Discharge (HID) Lamps are very famous in artificial lighting system because of its energy saving features as these lamps have very high luminous efficacy. The operation of MH lamps is complex and with the ageing affects the impedance of these lamp changes. Due to this change MH lamps draw power more than its rated value. It may lead to safety concerns for the end user. To overcome these complexities electronic control systems (ECS) is required for controlling its operation. ECS is power electronics based circuit, designed to fulfill the electrical characteristics of MH lamps. The controller used in ECS plays key role to identify the MH lamp stage and regulate the lamp power. In this paper the design of controller along with half bridge inverter and LCC resonant is studied. The simulation is done using PSIM simulation software.
Decentralized Differentially Private Without-Replacement Stochastic Gradient Descent (2018)

While machine learning has achieved remarkable results in a wide variety of domains, the training of models often requires large datasets that may need to be collected from different individuals. As sensitive information may be contained in the individual's dataset, sharing training data may lead to severe privacy concerns. Therefore, there is a compelling need to develop privacy-aware machine learning methods, for which one effective approach is to leverage the generic framework of differential privacy. Considering that stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is one of the most commonly adopted methods for large-scale machine learning problems, a decentralized differentially private SGD algorithm is proposed in this work. Particularly, we focus on SGD without replacement due to its favorable structure for practical implementation. Both privacy and convergence analysis are provided for the proposed algorithm. Finally, extensive experiments are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Infrared ear thermometry (1992)

Many hospitals are considering using infrared (IR) ear thermometers (also called tympanic membrane thermometers) as an alternative to traditional temperature-measurement devices. IR technology allows users to quickly and noninvasively measure body temperature by inserting a directional probe into the ear canal. For infection control, ear thermometers offer the advantages of not contacting mucous membranes and eliminating the need for special handling procedures. For use on unconscious patients or those who are otherwise unwilling or unable to cooperate with traditional techniques, IR ear thermometers offer a more comfortable and less stressful method of temperature taking for both patients and nurses, especially where rectal temperatures are used. The recent entry into this market by major companies and distributors and the release of several new IR ear thermometers have helped to further stimulate interest in this technology. However, a complete transition to IR ear thermometers throughout the hospital may not be necessary and should be made only after these devices have been successfully used in selected clinical locations, such as emergency departments, critical care areas, recovery areas, and labor and delivery rooms. Clinical users must be familiar with the technique needed for temperature measurement with these instruments and understand the differences between temperatures taken in the ear canal and those obtained from traditional sites. In the following article, we first present an overview of clinical thermometry, describing traditional temperature-measurement sites and devices. We then discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using the ear canal, including the tympanic membrane (TM), as a site for temperature measurement. In addition, we guide readers in determining the usefulness of IR ear thermometers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
c-Myc directly regulates nucleotide metabolism (2008)

1682 To identify c-Myc targets rate-limiting for proliferation of tumor cells, we stably inhibited c-Myc in several human melanoma lines via lentivirus-based shRNAs approximately to the levels detected in normal melanocytes. c-Myc depletion resulted in the repression of several genes encoding enzymes rate-limiting for dNTP metabolism including thymidylate synthase (TS), inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (IMPDH2) and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 2 (PRPS2), reduction in the amounts of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) and inhibition of proliferation. Individual suppression of TS, IMPDH2 or PRPS2 via specific shRNAs resulted in the decrease of dNTP pools and inhibition of proliferation of melanoma cells, thus reproducing effects caused in these cells by depletion of c-Myc. Reciprocally, concurrent overexpression of cDNAs for TS, IMPDH2 and PRPS2 in melanoma cells delayed proliferative arrest caused by inhibition of c-Myc. Overexpression of c-Myc in normal melanocytes enhanced mRNA and protein expression of the above genes and increased dNTP pools. Chromatin immunoprecipitation confirmed that TS, IMPDH2 and PRPS2 genes are direct c-Myc targets. Our data establish a direct control of dNTP metabolism by c-Myc and identify the role of such control in proliferation of tumor cells.
Predicting player behavior in Tomb Raider: Underworld (2010)

This paper presents the results of an explorative study on predicting aspects of playing behavior for the major commercial title Tomb Raider: Underworld (TRU). Various supervised learning algorithms are trained on a large-scale set of in-game player behavior data, to predict when a player will stop playing the TRU game and, if the player completes the game, how long will it take to do so. Results reveal that linear regression models and other non-linear classification techniques perform well on the tasks and that decision tree learning induces small yet well-performing and informative trees. Moderate performance is achieved from the prediction models, which indicates the complexity of predicting player behavior based on a constrained set of gameplay metrics and the noise existent in the dataset examined, a generic problem in large-scale data collection from millions of remote clients.
Photocarrier Recombination Dynamics in Perovskite CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub> for Solar Cell Applications (2014)

Using time-resolved photoluminescence and transient absorption measurements at room temperature, we report excitation-intensity-dependent photocarrier recombination processes in thin films made from the organo-metal halide perovskite semiconductor CH3NH3PbI3 for solar-cell applications. The photocarrier dynamics are well described by a simple rate equation including single-carrier trapping and electron-hole radiative recombination. This result provides clear evidence that the free-carrier model is better than the exciton model for interpreting the optical properties of CH3NH3PbI3. The observed large two-carrier recombination rate suggests the promising potential of perovskite semiconductors for optoelectronic device applications. Our findings provide the information about the dynamical behaviors of photoexcited carriers that is needed for developing high-efficiency perovskite solar cells.