gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antibody response to E2 glycoprotein induced in mice by immunization with plasmid DNA containing sequence derived from a Chinese genotype III/2a isolate of hepatitis C virus. (1999)

Successfully inducing anti-E2 antibody in mice by plasmid DNA-based immunization containing E2/NS1 gene from a Chinese genotype III/2a isolate of HCV is the first time in China.
Repair of sublethal and potentially lethal damage in lung cells using an<i>in vitro</i>colony method (1981)

The repair of radiation damage has been measured in mouse lung using an in vitro colony assay. Following a single dose of 10.5 Gy delivered to the lung in vivo, we observed, six hours after irradiation, an increase of the fraction of surviving cells, which did not change further between six and 24 hours (repair of potentially lethal damage). A similar observation was made using a split-dose method (repair of sublethal damage). The extent of radiation repair is comparable with that of other rodent cells irradiated in vivo. The significance of these results is discussed in relation to the late effects observed following irradiation of lung tissue.
Surface morphology of PECVD fluorocarbon thin films from hexafluoropropylene oxide, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, and difluoromethane (1999)

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements have been made on a series of fluorocarbon films deposited from pulsed plasmas of hexafluoropropylene oxide (HFPO), 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (C2H2F4), and difluoromethane (CH2F2). All of the films give images showing nodular growth (cauliflower-like appearance), with the size and distribution of the nodules dependent on both the precursor, the degree of surface modification to which the growing film is exposed, and the substrate surface. Films deposited from C2H2F4 showed clusters of smaller nodules around larger nodules, whereas films deposited from CH2F2 were characterized by a uniform distribution of smaller nodules, and films deposited from HFPO had the largest observed nodules. Movchan and Demchishin's structure zone model was applied to the observed films, which were all found to be zone 1 structures, indicating that film growth is dominated by shadowing effects. Increased substrate temperature and incident power per nm of film deposited results in decreased rms roughness, consistent with greater atomic mobility during deposition. Larger nodules in the fluorocarbon films developed on silicon wafer substrates than on rougher Al-coated substrates. Advancing contact angles for all of the films were found to be higher than that of PTFE (108°), indicating both hydrophobic and rough surfaces. Specifically, contact angles of films deposited from HFPO were found to increase with pulse off-time, the same trend observed for both the CF2 fraction of the film and the rms roughness. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 74: 2439–2447, 1999
Ages of avatar (2000)

In this paper we describe and analyse the community building process for Ages of Avatar, a set of on-line Collaborative Virtual Environments created in Microsoft Virtual Worlds, which form part of an ongoing experiment in Inhabited Television, aiming to merge CVEs and broadcast media. We describe the means by which the CVEs were launched, promoted and supported alongside a television broadcast channel, and how actions of viewers acting as inhabitants in the CVE can be used to provide broadcast material. We explain how the world content and their super-structure were managed to encourage the growth of a community over a short period of time. Using logs of activities in the worlds we deduce some of the characteristics of the community which was formed.
Low cost fabrication of HOPE-X all-composite prototype structure (2005)

Abstract Two strict requirements were to be adhered to in the development of HOPE-X: to shorten the manufacturing lead-time and to reduce the fabrication cost for the lightweight prototype structure of HOPE-X. To meet these requirements, the design team adopted an all-composite monocoque structure instead of a conventional aluminum skin, stringer-frame structure. The all-composite structure was made of several large parts in order to reduce the total number of parts. These large parts were made by using the non-autoclave curing technique and assembled by bonding into a monocoque structure. The high-accuracy large lay-up tool and the custom-made oven played important roles particularly during these manufacturing processes, leading to reduction in both lead-time and cost. The structural design and the manufacturing strategy for the prototype structure are described in this paper. The development of the lay-up tool and the oven, which helped to realize low fabrication cost, is described here. Keywords: RE-ENTRY VEHICLEALL-COMPOSITE STRUCTURELOW COSTLARGE PARTSBONDED JOINTNON-AUTOCLAVE CURING
Content of low density lipoprotein receptors in breast cancer tissue related to survival of patients. (1986)

The content of low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors in tissue from primary breast cancers was determined and its prognostic information compared with that of variables of established prognostic importance. Frozen tumour specimens were selected, and tissue from 72 patients (32 of whom had died) were studied. The LDL receptor content showed an inverse correlation with the survival time. Analysis by a multivariate statistical method showed that the presence of axillary metastasis, content of receptors for oestrogen and LDL, diameter of the tumour, and DNA pattern were all of prognostic value with regard to patient survival. Improved methods of predicting survival time in patients with breast cancer may be of value in the choice of treatment for individual patients.
A Micro-power EEG acquisition SoC with integrated seizure detection processor for continuous patient monitoring (2009)

Abstract—This paper presents a low-power SoC that performs EEG acquisition and feature extraction required for continuous detection of seizure onset in epilepsy patients. The SoC corresponds to one EEG channel, and, depending on the patient, up to 18 channels may be worn to detect seizures as part of a chronic treatment system. The SoC integrates an instrumentation amplifier, ADC, and digital processor that streams features-vectors to a central device where seizure detection is performed via a machine-learning classifier. The instrumentation-amplifier uses chopper-stabilization in a topology that achieves high input-impedance and rejects large electrode-offsets while operating at 1 V; the ADC employs power-gating for low energy-per-conversion while using static-biasing for comparator precision; the EEG feature extraction processor employs low-power hardware whose parameters are determined through
Innominate Artery Cannulation Access in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Redo Sternotomy (2016)

Redo sternotomy in pediatric patients can be complicated due to the unsuitability of many arterial cannulation sites for the pediatric population. Innominate artery cannulation provides a safe and easily reproducible alternative and prevents many of the disadvantages seen in femoral and axillary artery cannulation. Its use in pediatric cardiac surgery has seen a rise [1]. Herein, we describe the technique for innominate artery cannulation in pediatric patients undergoing redo sternotomy and review our experience with the technique.
Results on underwater mosaic-based navigation (2005)

This paper presents results on mosaic-based visual navigation of an underwater autonomous vehicle, navigating close to the sea floor. A high-quality video-mosaic is automatically built to be used as a representation of the environment. A visual servoing strategy is adopted to drive the vehicle along a specified trajectory (indicated by way-points) relative to the mosaic. The control errors are defined by registering the instantaneous views acquired by the vehicle with the mosaic. Extensive testing was conducted at sea, where the vehicle was able to autonomously navigate over the mosaic for extended periods of time. The presented results illustrate the validity and appropriateness of the approach.
Clinical Development of PARP Inhibitors in Treating Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2019)

The approval of upfront abiraterone for castration-sensitive prostate cancer and the approval of enzalutamide and apalutamide for non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer have led to early utilization of potent androgen receptor (AR) signaling inhibitors in treating advanced prostate cancer. There is an unmet need to develop novel therapies beyond targeting AR signaling for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) belong to a class of targeted agents being developed for the treatment of homologous recombination repair (HRR) deficient tumors. Olaparib, rucaparib, niraparib, veliparib, and talazoparib were evaluated in early phase trials as a monotherapy for HRR-deficient mCRPC. Among them, olaparib and rucaparib have breakthrough designations for <i>BRCA1/2</i>-mutated mCRPC. Phase II studies also reported clinical activity of the PARPi and abiraterone combination and the PARPi checkpoint inhibitor combination in HRR-intact mCRPC. Ongoing phase III trials are testing these combinations as frontline or later line treatments for mCRPC. This review summarizes the critical clinical data as well as ongoing clinical trials for developing PARPi in treating mCRPC.
A UHF channel simulator for digital mobile radio (1980)

A device to simulate the channel propagation characteristics of the ground mobile environment at UHF has been designed, built, and characterized. This device provides a flexible, easily changed set of simulated channel characteristics, which allows the performance of a mobile radio unit to be evaluated in the laboratory under controlled conditions. The channel simulator was designed to simulate mobile platform speeds up to 675 mi/h and multipath components having differential delays approaching 10 µs. The channel simulator can provide up to four easily selectable, independently fading, multipath components, having calculated time delay spreads of up to 3.5 µs. The adjustable fading bandwidths and the exceptional long delays were implemented using the relative new signal processing technologies of charged-coupled devices and surface wave devices. Envelope statistics such as fading distributions and level crossing rates produced by the channel simulator show excellent agreement with theoretical prediction and documented experimental data.
Integration of autonomous mobile robots into the industrial production environment (2005)

The raising automation of flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) demands flexible automated material handling and transport systems. Furtheron new concepts of information processing of FMS are necessary in order to reach optimal economic results with complex production systems. The realisation of a flexible transport system using a mobile robot will be shown. The further development, also presented in this paper, leads to an autonomous mobile robot, which improves the flexibility for material handling processes and supports distributed control processing for a whole FMS.
Characterization and identification of 95 diphtheroid (group JK) cultures isolated from clinical specimens (1979)

Ninety-five cultures of group JK bacteria isolated from clinical specimens were characterized morphologically and biochemically. The microorganisms were isolated primarily from blood cultures. The bacterial cultures produced positive reactions when tested for catalase, Tween hydrolysis, and carbohydrate fermentation. Glucose and galactose were fermented by more than 90% of the organisms. Gas-liquid chromatography of trimethylsilyl derivatives of whole-cell hydrolysates of some of the group JK cultures yielded nearly identical elution profiles. The group JK microorganisms were susceptible to vancomycin but were resistant to most of the other 17 antimicrobial agents tested. A method is presented for differentiating the group JK microorganisms from other similar bacteria encountered in clinical specimens. Although these bacteria rarely occur in clinical specimens, they are capable of producing fatal infections (endocarditis and sepsis) in humans.
Gold nanorods for optimized photothermal therapy: the influence of irradiating in the first and second biological windows (2014)

The absorption efficiencies of gold nanorods working in the first and second biological windows are investigated.
Hybrid LSTM and Encoder–Decoder Architecture for Detection of Image Forgeries (2019)

With advanced image journaling tools, one can easily alter the semantic meaning of an image by exploiting certain manipulation techniques such as copy clone, object splicing, and removal, which mislead the viewers. In contrast, the identification of these manipulations becomes a very challenging task as manipulated regions are not visually apparent. This paper proposes a high-confidence manipulation localization architecture that utilizes resampling features, long short-term memory (LSTM) cells, and an encoder-decoder network to segment out manipulated regions from non-manipulated ones. Resampling features are used to capture artifacts, such as JPEG quality loss, upsampling, downsampling, rotation, and shearing. The proposed network exploits larger receptive fields (spatial maps) and frequency-domain correlation to analyze the discriminative characteristics between the manipulated and non-manipulated regions by incorporating the encoder and LSTM network. Finally, the decoder network learns the mapping from low-resolution feature maps to pixel-wise predictions for image tamper localization. With the predicted mask provided by the final layer (softmax) of the proposed architecture, end-to-end training is performed to learn the network parameters through back-propagation using the ground-truth masks. Furthermore, a large image splicing dataset is introduced to guide the training process. The proposed method is capable of localizing image manipulations at the pixel level with high precision, which is demonstrated through rigorous experimentation on three diverse datasets.
JPEG Pleno: Toward an Efficient Representation of Visual Reality (2016)

In discussing the rationale behind the vision for JPEG Pleno and how the new standardization initiative aims to reinvent the future of imaging, the authors review plenoptic representation and its underlying practical implications and challenges in implementing real-world applications with an enhanced quality of experience.
Data service in Grid-based Future Control Centers (2006)

As the central nerve system of the power systems, the control center has evolved over the years into a complex communication, computation, and control system. The traditional control center, SCADA/EMS, was built to automate control functions in electric utilities. With the expansion and interconnection of power systems and the advent of electric power deregulation, electric utility organizations require the integration of control functions with business processes beyond corporate boundaries. The requirement needs the support of the new generation control centers, which should be more decentralized, integrated, flexible and open. Grid technology offers dependable, consistent, and pervasive access to resources irrespective of their different physical locations or heterogeneity, using open standard data formats and transport protocols. It has been utilized to design the novel distributed power system control centers. Data service, as one of the most important components, is the base of other services inside the proposed future control centers framework. This paper gives a brief introduction of the current data acquisition and processing system, and presents the challenges it is being confronted with. The design of the data service in the grid-based future control centers is discussed. The development roadmap for the data service is also considered.
Electroporation for Gene Therapy (2003)

Interest continues to grow rapidly in clinical gene therapy. Although many protocols approved by the US NIH Recombinant Advisory Committee involve the genetic marking of cells to determine, for example, the source of relapse after autologous bone marrow transplantation for certain malignancies (1), increasing numbers are concerned with the correction of inherited single-gene disorders.
FIRMNANO: Toward IoT Firmware Fuzzing Through Augmented Virtual Execution (2020)

Considering that the deployment of IoT devices is becoming more and more widespread, the security analysis of the firmware of these devices is extremely important. However, a large number of devices now have vulnerabilities that can be exploited, allowing attackers to remotely control IoT devices. In this article, we show FIRMNANO, a fuzzing framework for the firmware of IoT devices with microcontrollers as the core. Based on augmented virtual execution, FIRMNANO solves three key problems of microcontrollers firmware emulation: (1) MMIO region access (2) interrupt triggering (3) DMA support. On this basis, it conducts code coverage-based fuzzing testing for firmware. Our evaluation results show that FIRMNANO can execute firmware correctly and can be used for real-world firmware vulnerability mining.
Initiator protein pi can bind independently to two domains of the gamma origin core of plasmid R6K: the direct repeats and the A+T-rich segment (1996)

The pi protein of plasmid R6K functions in both replication and transcription. pi autoregulates its own synthesis and is required for replication of the RISK gamma origin. pi performs these functions by binding to specific DNA sites arranged as pairs of 6-10 bp inverted repeats (IRs) or as a cluster of seven tandem 22 bp direct repeats (DRs) which lack symmetry. The sites share the TGAGRG nucleotide motif (where R is A or G). The DRs and IRs flank the central A+T-rich segment of the gamma origin. In this work we carried out DNase I and hydroxyl radical protection experiments on various deletion derivatives of the gamma origin complexed with pi protein. These experiments revealed binding of pi to a novel site embedded within the A+T-rich segment. This interaction manifests primarily by the appearance of the enhanced scissions of DNA by DNase I and hydroxyl radicals. pi interaction with the A+T-rich site is independent of pi binding to the DRs and IRs. We propose that pi protein can recognize distinct families of DNA sequences in the gamma origin.
Chlorhexidine Effects on Corneal Epithelium and Endothelium (1980)

Chlorhexidine digluconate, a soft contact lens disinfectant, was perfused over rabbit corneal peithelial and endothelial surfaces under a variety of concentrations and conditions. Without protein in the bathing solutions, the cornea swelled when chlorhexidine concentrations of 20 microgram/mL or greater were perfused over the endothelium. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated rounded, swollen cells with loss of microvilli. Perfusion of the epithelium with chlorhexidine in protein-free Ringer's solution resulted in a dose-dependent sloughing of cells and loss of microvilli, which resulted in little or no swelling when the endothelium was concomitantly bathed with oil. Corneal swelling followed at concentrations of 500 and 1,000 microgram/mL when both corneal surfaces were bathed with protein-free Ringer's solution and the epithelium was perfused with chlorhexidine. With protein included in the bathing solution, no swelling occurred when separate chlorhexidine (500 microgram/mL) and albumin (1%) solutions were applied simultaneously to the epithelial surface of corneas, with the endothelial surface bathed in Ringer's solution.
Positive regulation of mu-calpain action by polyphosphoinositides. (1992)

Whether calcium is the only major intracellular activator of calpain has not yet been established. Here we demonstrate that polyphosphoinositides may play critical roles in the activation process of mu-calpain. Experiments with purified enzyme, substrate (fodrin), and phospholipids show that only polyphosphoinositides but not other lipids significantly promote calpain action in the physiological intracellular calcium range of 10(-7) to 10(-6) M. The effect of polyphosphoinositide is exerted through both a reduction in the calcium concentration required for calpain autolysis and an increase in the Vmax of the proteolytic reaction. Neomycin, a polyphosphoinositide-binding antibiotic, inhibits both polyphosphoinositide-assisted proteolysis in test tubes and calcium-induced calpain activation coupled with substrate proteolysis in intact cells. This implies that the presence of polyphosphoinositides may actually be a prerequisite for calpain activation inside cells.
The Mauriceville and Varkud plasmids: primitive retroelements found in<i>Neurospora</i>mitochondria (1995)

The Mauriceville and closely related Varkud plasmids are small circular DNAs (3.6 and 3.7 kb, respectively) found in the mitochondria of certain Neurospora spp. strains isolated from nature. The plasmids replicate via reverse transcription and appear to be primitive retroelements that may be related to the early ancestors of retroviruses. Recent studies have shown that the plasmid reverse transcriptase closely resembles certain viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases in initiating (−) strand cDNA synthesis de novo (i.e., without a primer) at a tRNA-like structure at the 3′ end of the plasmid transcript. The plasmid reverse transcriptase can also use DNA or RNA primers and can carry out template-switching reactions that lead to the generation of suppressive mutant plasmids or the integration of the plasmids into mitochondrial DNA. The characteristics of the plasmids and their reverse transcription mechanism suggest an evolutionary connection between RNA and DNA replication and raise the possibility that the plasmids are related to the earliest DNA-based life forms that emerged at the time of transition from an RNA to a DNA world. Key words: DNA synthesis, evolution, retrovirus, reverse transcriptase, RNA virus.
A multi-view multi-dimensional ensemble learning approach to mining business process deviances (2016)

The execution logs of a business process have been recently exploited to extract classification models for discriminating “deviant” instances of the process - i.e. instances diverging from normal/desired outcomes (e.g., frauds, faults, SLA violations). Regarding all log traces as sequences of task labels, current solutions essentially map each trace onto a vector space where the features correspond to sequence-oriented patterns, and any standard classifier-induction method can be applied to separate the two classes of instances. An ensemble-learning approach was also recently proposed to combine multiple base learners trained on heterogenous pattern-based log views. However, as these approaches simply abstract each event into an activity symbol, they disregard all the non structural event data that are typically stored in real-life logs, and which may well help improve the detection of deviances. Moreover, the usefulness of deviance models could be enhanced by equipping each prediction with a confidence measure, allowing the analyst to focus on (or prioritize) more suspicious cases. To overcome these limitations, we propose a multi-view ensemble learning approach, which: (i) fully exploits the multi-dimensional nature of log events, with the help of a clustering-based trace abstraction method; and (ii) implements a context- and probability-aware stacking method for combining base models' predictions. Tests on a real-life log confirmed the validity of the approach, and its capability to achieve compelling performances w.r.t. state-of-the-art methods.