gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Infective endocarditis associated with acute renal failure: Repeat renal biopsy and successful recovery (2010)

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious disease with a high associated mortality rate, particularly when complicated by acute renal failure (ARF). Although valve surgery and treatment with antibiotic agents are recommended, surgical options and the optimal therapy are not as yet well documented. Here, we report a rare case of IE in a young man with a history of intravenous drug abuse, who presented with high fever, bilateral thoracalgia, lower limb edema and renal dysfunction. After treatment with antibiotics, hemodialysis and anticoagulants, a tricuspid valve replacement surgery was performed on the patient. After surgery, his renal functions deteriorated and progressed to ARF. The first renal biopsy showed type II crescentic glomerulonephritis. After receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis followed by administration of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blockers, the patient's serum creatinine level decreased and the urine output increased gradually. In order to identify the renal turnover, we performed a second biopsy and found significant improvement in the pathological changes with endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis and fibrous crescents. Successful recovery of renal function was achieved 12 weeks after the initiation of therapy. Therefore, eradication of infection, tricuspid valve replacement and renal substitution therapy may be sufficient in some cases.
Your Smart Home Can't Keep a Secret: Towards Automated Fingerprinting of IoT Traffic with Neural Networks (2019)

The IoT (Internet of Things) technology has been widely adopted in recent years and has profoundly changed the people's daily lives. However, in the meantime, such a fast-growing technology has also introduced new privacy issues, which need to be better understood and measured. In this work, we look into how private information can be leaked from network traffic generated in the smart home network. Although researchers have proposed techniques to infer IoT device types or user behaviors under clean experiment setup, the effectiveness of such approaches become questionable in the complex but realistic network environment, where common techniques like Network Address and Port Translation (NAPT) and Virtual Private Network (VPN) are enabled. Traffic analysis using traditional methods (e.g., through classical machine-learning models) is much less effective under those settings, as the features picked manually are not distinctive any more. In this work, we propose a traffic analysis framework based on sequence-learning techniques like LSTM and leveraged the temporal relations between packets for the attack of device identification. We evaluated it under different environment settings (e.g., pure-IoT and noisy environment with multiple non-IoT devices). The results showed our framework was able to differentiate device types with a high accuracy. This result suggests IoT network communications pose prominent challenges to users' privacy, even when they are protected by encryption and morphed by the network gateway. As such, new privacy protection methods on IoT traffic need to be developed towards mitigating this new issue.
Immunohistochemical localization of FAP‐1, an inhibitor of Fas‐mediated apoptosis, in normal and neoplastic human tissues (1999)

Fas, a death receptor, is widely expressed in human tissue, but its expression, although a prerequisite for the induction of apoptosis, does not predict its biological function. To understand the mechanisms of Fas resistance in human tissues in vivo, we performed immunohistochemistry using an antibody against Fas-associated phosphatase-1 (FAP-1), which interacts with the cytosolic domain of Fas and inhibits Fas-mediated apoptosis. In normal human tissues, FAP-1 immunostaining was easily detected, for example, in renal tubules, skeletal muscle, myocardiocytes, pituitary gland, parathyroid gland, pancreatic islets, hepatocytes, testicular germ cells, prostatic glands, neurons, epithelium of fallopian tube, endometrial glands, trophoblasts, bronchial epithelial cells, and some types of gastrointestinal epithelial cells. In 123 (78%) of 158 cancers of various origins, including breast carcinomas, stomach carcinomas, colon carcinomas, lung carcinomas and several types of sarcomas, variable intensities of FAP-1 expression were evident. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that FAP-1 is widely expressed in normal human tissues and partly overlapped with Fas expression described in earlier reports, suggesting that FAP-1 may have an important role in the regulation of apoptosis in vivo. In addition, FAP-1 expression in cancers suggests that many cancers may be resistant to Fas-mediated apoptosis through the action of FAP-1 in vivo.
Flexural excitation in a standard torsional-resonant column device (1998)

The excitation of specimens in multiple modes enhances the characterization of granular materials. The purpose of this paper is to present the equipment modification and test procedure and data reduction for flexural excitation in a standard torsional-resonant column device. Typical results for dry and wet sand specimens are also presented. A salient advantage of the modified device is that it permits testing shear stiffness (torsional excitation) and longitudinal stiffness (flexural excitation) at frequencies which are relevant to high-resolution seismics and near-surface studies (approx. 50-200 Hz). High attenuation in flexural mode is measured in saturated and partially saturated specimens; local flow is suspected as a prevailing loss mechanism. Velocity and damping ratios are complementary indicators of saturation conditions prevailing in the specimen.Key words: mechanical waves, resonant column, velocity, attenuation, sands, modal testing.
Practical problems and possible corrections of agricultural research at tertiary education institutions (1989)

Agricultural research at tertiary institutions is subjected to quite a few practical problems. The most important of these are time, assistance and money. Due to the relatively high lecture load of agricultural teaching staff, it is impossible for them to do any significant research without suitable assistance. The provision in this regard is however totally inadequate at the moment. Several problems arise around funding. The most important are that it is inadequate, that there is no continuity and that poor provision is being made for the creation and maintenance of a research infrastructure. Further problems highlighted are the limited availability of funds for so called “free” research and that several problems exist around all the existing financing agents.
Real-time differential carrier phase GPS-aided INS (2000)

This article describes the implementation and experimental results of a real-time carrier phase differential Global Positioning System (GPS) aided inertial navigation system (INS). The implementation is the result of a study to analyze the capabilities of such a system relative to the requirements of advanced vehicle control and safety systems for intelligent transportation systems. Such navigation systems have many application possibilities (e,g., aviation and precision flight, automated mining, precision farming, dredging, satellite attitude control). Advantages and disadvantages of the GPS, INS, and differential GPS-aided INS approaches are discussed. The implementation achieves 100-Hz vehicle state estimates with position accuracies at the centimeter level through the use of differential carrier phase GPS techniques.
A New Development in Covalently Bonded Carbon Nitride and Related Materials (1999)

A large amount of work world-wide has been directed towards the understanding of covalently bonded materials made from elements of the first row of the periodic table because of their potentially useful mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. Progress has been made following the initial work by Cohen in 1985, in which covalently bonded carbon nitride was predicted to be as hard as diamond. This review surveys recent work that has been carried out in this area, with a focus on the level of understanding that has been attained in the research of carbon nitride and related materials.
Copycat CNN: Stealing Knowledge by Persuading Confession with Random Non-Labeled Data (2018)

In the past few years, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been achieving state-of-the-art performance on a variety of problems. Many companies employ resources and money to generate these models and provide them as an API, therefore it is in their best interest to protect them, i.e., to avoid that someone else copy them. Recent studies revealed that stateof-the-art CNNs are vulnerable to adversarial examples attacks, and this weakness indicates that CNNs do not need to operate in the problem domain (PD). Therefore, we hypothesize that they also do not need to be trained with examples of the PD in order to operate in it. Given these facts, in this paper, we investigate if a target blackbox CNN can be copied by persuading it to confess its knowledge through random non-labeled data. The copy is two-fold: i) the target network is queried with random data and its predictions are used to create a fake dataset with the knowledge of the network; and ii) a copycat network is trained with the fake dataset and should be able to achieve similar performance as the target network. This hypothesis was evaluated locally in three problems (facial expression, object, and crosswalk classification) and against a cloud-based API. In the copy attacks, images from both nonproblem domain and PD were used. All copycat networks achieved at least 93.7% of the performance of the original models with non-problem domain data, and at least 98.6% using additional data from the PD. Additionally, the copycat CNN successfully copied at least 97.3% of the performance of the Microsoft Azure Emotion API. Our results show that it is possible to create a copycat CNN by simply querying a target network as black-box with random non-labeled data.
Personalization of Trending Tweets using Like-dislike Category Model (2015)

Twitter is a popular social media platform, where millions of tweets are being generated every day. On Twitter, users can tweet about certain topic during occurrence of events. This results in trending topics, such as #MH370, #MH17, #South Korea ferry etc. When viewing trending topic, not all the tweets are relevant to one self. Therefore, it is important to classify these tweets based on individual preference for better information retrieval. To address this problem, this paper focuses on automated personalization of tweets for popular trending topics. The main objective is to classify the tweets information as “Like” or “Dislike” on a particular topic depending on personal preference by feature selection. For enhancement, topic-related keywords are selected as features for representing a category model from user preferred tweets and other sources like news. Finally, the result of experiment shows promising outcome that a training based on low number of tweets can give quick personalization on next incoming tweets.
Strong, Tough, Stretchable, and Self‐Adhesive Hydrogels from Intrinsically Unstructured Proteins (2017)

Strong, tough, stretchable, and self-adhesive hydrogels are designed with intrinsically unstructured proteins. The extraordinary mechanical properties exhibited by these materials are enabled by an integration of toughening mechanisms that maintain high elasticity and dissipate mechanical energy within the protein networks.
Maximum Utility for Minimum Cost: Simple Structural Methods for Stormwater Quality Improvement (2003)

Stormwater runoff is characterized by the United States Environmental Protection Agency as "one of the greatest remaining sources of water pollution" in America. Thus, efforts to implement stormwater quality improvement regulations are accelerating across the United States, compelling municipalities and land developers to maximize the usefulness of stormwater infrastructure as never before. With simple modifications to current designs, common catch basins and other stormwater structures can be more effectively utilized as pollution control devices, rather than merely as a way to move stormwater. Future systems must drain runoff which can not be infiltrated to areas where it can be appropriately managed, and simultaneously, reduce the environmental impact of the ultimate discharge to the receiving waters. Adding a deep sump to catch basins, a common feature in some areas of the country, has been shown to remove some sediments and gross particles. As an additional benefit, these structures allow the use of an outlet hood or baffle, which can drastically reduce the discharge of floatable debris and trash, and aid in the removal of free oil and grease. This "cleaner" runoff can also extend the service life of a traditional stormwater detention facility, such as a pond, or a retention facility, such as a groundwater recharge area. This paper addresses a group of low-cost components which comprise the SNOUT Stormwater Quality Control System, manufactured by Best Management Products, Inc. (BMP, Inc.) The applications include a deep sump catch basin with an outlet hood, a structure with an outlet hood and flow restrictor, structures configured to bypass high flows, and outlet controls which can accommodate extreme flow conditions while retaining captured pollutants.
Determination of the Boundary Layer Airflow from a Single Doppler Radar (1990)

In the warm season the optically clear boundary layer often contains scatterers that can be detected by sensitive radars to distances of 50–100 km. Inhomogeneities in the field of reflectivity lead to echo patterns that have some persistence over periods as long as 5–10 minutes. These echo patterns translate with the local wind and can, for example, be easily followed by eye on PPI playback loops reviewing 15–20 minutes of data. In this paper a technique is discussed that determines the wind field by objectively identifying and tracking local echo. patterns. The technique, called TREC (Tracking Radar Echoes by Correlation), involves the cross-correlation of the echo features measured at two times a few minutes apart. The translation of a local feature during the measurement interval then determines the local wind. Use of this technique in the clear boundary layer means that problems associated with noisy data (reflectivities just above the minimum detectable signal) and ground clutter will be common. A number of methods for dealing, with these matters are presented. The use of TREC in clear air rather than in storms carries the advantage that misleading results associated with the sedimentation of hydrometeors in a sheared flow are avoided. In this study TREC is applied to data collected during the Convective Initiation and Downburst Experiment (CINDE) in northeastern Colorado. The method is shown to provide horizontal winds in the boundary layer (the region of significant clear-air echo) over areas 100 to 150 km on a side with a resolution of about 10 km. TREC can be used with either conventional or Doppler radars sensitive enough to detect clear-air echo, though there are some advantages in using single Doppler measurements to improve the reliability of the technique. Applications of the present method are anticipated in a number of research and forecast areas.
Multicenter, Open-Label, Phase I Study of DSP-7888 Dosing Emulsion in Patients with Advanced Malignancies (2021)

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02498665.
Comparison of promoter region constructs for<i>in vivo</i>intramuscular expression (2006)

For applications of gene transfer restricted to skeletal muscle, the MCK promoter or a MCK promoter variant would be a promising alternative to the CMV promoter. Indeed, it has been demonstrated that the use of MCK promoter limits humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Furthermore, the MCK promoter decreases the initial expression peak that may be detrimental, drives a sustained gene expression, and improves gene transfer safety.
Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Regulates Proopiomelanocortin Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Levels in vivo (1984)

Ovine corticotropin-releasing factor (oCRF) was administered to male rats for 3-15 days. Continuous intravenous infusion, repeated subcutaneous, and intracerebroventricular injections of oCRF resulted in a 50-100% increase in messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) coding for proopiomelanocortin (POMC) in the anterior pituitaries (AP) of these animals. The synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone, reversed the actions of oCRF. None of the above treatments altered POMC mRNA content in the neurointermediate lobe. Bilateral adrenalectomy enhanced POMC mRNA levels 4.8-fold. To determine whether this effect was dependent on increased hypothalamic production and release of CRF, a bilateral ablation of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), known to contain CRF neurons directly involved in ACTH secretion, was performed. 6 days after the PVN destruction a parallel 75% reduction of both stalk-median eminence CRF-like immunoreactivity and plasma ACTH had occurred. The AP content of POMC mRNA decreased by 53%, while the ACTH content increased by 56%. These observations suggest that CRF regulates the biosynthesis of POMC-derived polypeptide products in the AP, while the peptide does not seem to be directly involved in intermediate lobe POMC biosynthesis. The reduction of POMC mRNA levels following PVN destruction demonstrates that CRF and other substances located in the nucleus may cause the increased POMC gene transcription following adrenalectomy.
Esterification of Fatty Acids and Short-Chain Carboxylic Acids with Stearyl Alcohol and Sterols (2013)

Esterification of tall oil fatty acids by neutral components, such as stearyl alcohol and sterols, is an undesired reaction; a potential solution is to eliminate the neutral components by a competing esterification with short-chain carboxylic acids. Esterification of fatty acids and short-chain carboxylic acids with stearyl alcohol and sterols was studied in a laboratory-scale glass reactor in the temperature range of 60–140 °C. Linoleic acid (LA) was used as a model component for fatty acid esterification with stearyl alcohol (StOH) and sitosterol (SitOH). Linoleic acid underwent esterification with stearyl alcohol and sitosterol. In the presence of short-chain carboxylic acids, such as formic and acetic acid, the esterification of linoleic acid by stearyl alcohol was efficiently suppressed because stearyl alcohol reacted with the short-chain carboxylic acid. Formic acid catalyzed the formation of dienes from sitosterol and campesterol. The esterification and dehydration processes were verified by gas chromatographic analysis and extensive kinetic studies. Mathematical models for esterification and dehydration were developed and successfully applied to a selected part of experimental data.
A Survey on P2P Streaming Clients: Looking at the End-User (2008)

Internet home users – through the diffusion of xDSL connections – represent the potential market of IPTV channels that Content Generators may distribute at reduced costs thanks to Peer To Peer (P2P). This work describes the state of the art of P2P streaming clients and poses some questions about the
Clearance of<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>from the Murine Genital Mucosa Does Not Require Perforin-Mediated Cytolysis or Fas-Mediated Apoptosis (1999)

The molecular mechanisms of resistance to genital infection with the mouse pneumonitis (MoPn) strain of Chlamydia trachomatis are unknown. A role for major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted, interleukin-12-dependent CD4(+) T cells has been established, but the functional activity of these cells does not depend on secretion of gamma interferon. Here we examined the potential contribution of T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity and apoptosis to mucosal clearance of MoPn by using mice deficient in the molecular mediators of target cell lysis. Animals lacking perforin, Fas, Fas ligand, or both perforin and Fas ligand were infected genitally with C. trachomatis MoPn and monitored for expression of immunity to chlamydial antigens and clearance of MoPn from the genital mucosa. In each case, the profile of spleen cytokine production, the magnitude of the host antibody response, and the kinetics of chlamydial clearance were similar to those of genetically intact controls. Compensatory overproduction of tumor necrosis factor alpha, an alternate mediator of apoptosis in certain cell types, did not appear to account for the ability of mutant mice to resolve Chlamydia infections. These results fail to support CD4(+) T-cell-mediated apoptosis or CD8(+) T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity as being critical to the clearance of C. trachomatis MoPn urogenital infections.
The wave expansion approach to broadcasting in multihop radio networks (1991)

An algorithm for efficient communication between neighbours in multihop radio networks is proposed. The algorithm guarantees a bound on the transmission efficiency in a radio channel for arbitrary topology. The algorithm can be embedded in protocols for solving basic network problems such as broadcast, multicast, leader election, or finding shortest paths. The problem of bounded-time broadcasting utilizing the proposed algorithm is addressed. A polynomial solution in which the process of spreading information over the network is viewed as the expansion of a wave caused by a point of disturbance is presented. The broadcast originates at a source node and is accomplished in repeated transmission periods, emulating a wave progressing away from the source. The algorithm is used to select a subset of potential transmitters in each period, so that a tightly bound proportion of potential receivers receive the transmission without collisions, guaranteeing a high level of spatial reuse in the broadcast process.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Avoiding Store Misses to Fully Modified Cache Blocks (2006)

Memory bandwidth limitation is one of the major impediments to high-performance microprocessors. This paper investigates a class of store misses that can be eliminated to reduce data traffic. Those store misses fetch cache blocks whose original data is never used. If fully overwritten by subsequent stores, those blocks can be installed directly in the cache without accessing lower levels of the memory hierarchy, eliminating the corresponding data traffic. Our results indicate that for a 1 MB data cache, 28% of cache misses are avoidable across SPEC CPU INT 2000 benchmarks. We propose a simple hardware mechanism, the store fill buffer (SFB), which directly installs blocks for store misses, and substantially reduces the data traffic. A 16-entry SFB eliminates 16% of overall misses to a 64 KB data cache, resulting in 6% speedup. This mechanism enables other bandwidth-hungry techniques to further improve system performance