gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Permox—A Hydrogen Peroxide-Zinc Acetate Antibacterial Finish for Cotton (1978)

A new, durable antibacterial finish for cotton fabrics has been developed that consists of the reaction products of zinc acetate, hydrogen peroxide, and acetic acid. The active agent is thought to be a zinc peroxide complex or polymer containing activc oxygen. When these reagents were applied to cotton fabrics, antibacterial activity was imparted which lasted throughout 50 home launderings. This treatment is effective against odor causing bacteria such as S. epidermidis and pathogenic bacteria such as S. aureus. For simplicity the name "Permov" is used to describe the finish. The treat ment consists of applying aqueous zinc acetate, hydrogen peroxide, and acetic acid solution to the fabrics and curing them for 5 min at 85°C. Other curing temperatures (23 160°C) were studied, as well as the effect of varying solution concentrations. Fabrics given these treatments had 0.2-0.8% peroxide and 0.3 3.4% zinc prior to laundering. Even after 50 launderings the fabrics retained 0.1-0.2% peroxide and 0.2-0.4% zinc. Disinfecting of fabrics with sodium hypochlorite before Permox treatment was not advantageous in maintaining antihacterial activity on repeated laundering Breaking strength, stiffness, and moisture regain of the treated fabrics arc comparable to untreated fabrics, but a moderate loss of tearing strength was observed.
A Simulation of Magneto-Optical Signals in Near-Field Recording (1999)

The diffraction from two-dimensional magneto-optical marks has been calculated using the plane wave expansion method and the Fourier modal method. The modulation transfer function (MTF) in near field magneto-optical recording has been simulated for the first time on the basis of the strict vector diffraction theory. The simulated result proved that the magneto-optical signal is reduced by only 3 dB at a spatial frequency of NA/λ, for an air gap of 50 nm between a solid immersion lens with an effective numerical aperture (NA) of 1.5 and a magneto-optical disk surface.
Automatic quantification of escherichia coli bacteria to determine the potability of water (2016)

Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria is one of the major biological contaminant of water in developing countries. According to WHO nearly 4 billion cases of diarrhoea and 2.2 million deaths in developing countries is because of E. coli. chlorination is an effective and scalable way of decontaminating and making water potable. The correct amount of chlorination is crucial; under-chlorination does not deactivate the E. coli completely and over-chlorination results in poor quality of water. Knowledge of the degree of contamination (measured in cfu) can be effectively used by local administration to decontaminate water by using exact amount of chlorine. Recently, Mobile Water Kit (MWK) has been proposed which can detect the presence of E. coli in water rapidly by manual inspection of pathogenic strains of E. coli. In this paper, we propose a robust and automatic method to quantify E. coli in water using image processing techniques. The choice of pre-processing techniques and identification of specific color based features makes the technique robust. Experimental results on 16 real images of water contaminated by E. coli taken by a mobile phone camera demonstrate the relevance of the features selected to identify the degree of contamination. The main contribution of this paper is the identification of an appropriate image color and structural features to estimate the degree of contamination.
Reliability-based type II hybrid ARQ schemes (2004)

Hybrid ARQ (HARQ) schemes use a combination of forward error correction and retransmissions to guarantee reliable packet data communications. In this work, we propose a HARQ scheme that exploits channel state information and received packet quality to improve system performance. Specifically, the receiver uses the average magnitude of the log-likelihood ratios corresponding to the received information bits, in order to determine the sizes of subsequent retransmissions. The proposed retransmission strategy attempts to maximize user throughput while satisfying a maximum packet delay constraint. The performance of our reliability-based type II HARQ (RBHARQ) scheme is evaluated in static and time-varying channels through simulations.
Least Distance Movement Recovery approach for large scale Wireless sensor and actor networks (2011)

In most applications of Wireless sensor and actor network it is important to sustain connectivity among all actors at all times. When an actor fails the inter-actor topology may get partitions into disjoint blocks and the application may be negatively impacted. Tolerating the actor failure and restoring the lost connectivity need to be performed while imposing the least overhead on the individual actors. In this paper a Least Distance Movement Recovery (LDMR) algorithm is proposed. LDMR is a distributed approach that exploits non cut-vertices actors in the recovery process. The idea is for a set of direct neighbours of the failed node to move toward the position of the failed node while its original position is replaced with the nearest non cut-vertex actor. The recovery process starts with the search phase where each neighbour broadcasts a message containing the failed node ID, neighbour node ID and, Time-To-Live (TTL). When a neighbour receives responses, it chooses the best candidate based on a certain criteria (e.g. distance). We compare our approach with Recovery through Inward Motion (RIM) which depends only on cascaded movements. Extensive simulation experiments are carried out to validate the performance.
Bending Benzene: Syntheses of [<i>n</i>]Cycloparaphenylenes (2012)

Since the first successful synthesis in 2008, methods to prepare the [n]cycloparaphenylenes have evolved rapidly. The aim of this synopsis is to provide an overview of recent advancements in this emerging field. The optoelectronic properties and supramolecular chemistry of these unique structures are presented as well.
Joint Audio-Video Fingerprint Media Retrieval Using Rate-Coverage Optimization (2016)

In this work, we propose a joint audio-video fingerprint Automatic Content Recognition (ACR) technology for media retrieval. The problem is focused on how to balance the query accuracy and the size of fingerprint, and how to allocate the bits of the fingerprint to video frames and audio frames to achieve the best query accuracy. By constructing a novel concept called Coverage, which is highly correlated to the query accuracy, we are able to form a rate-coverage model to translate the original problem into an optimization problem that can be resolved by dynamic programming. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that uses joint audio-video fingerprint ACR technology for media retrieval with a theoretical problem formulation. Experimental results indicate that compared to reference algorithms, the proposed method has up to 25% query accuracy improvement while using 60% overall bit-rates, and 25% bit-rate reduction while achieving 85% accuracy, and it significantly outperforms the solution with single audio or video source fingerprint.
Artificial redox enzymes. 1. Synthetic strategies (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTArtificial redox enzymes. 1. Synthetic strategiesDing Rong, Hongping Ye, Todd R. Boehlow, and Valerian T. D'SouzaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 1, 163–167Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00027a031RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views304Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (741 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Comparison of the Serological Responses to<i>Moraxella catarrhalis</i>Immunoglobulin D-Binding Outer Membrane Protein and the Ubiquitous Surface Proteins A1 and A2 (2006)

Moraxella catarrhalis immunoglobulin D-binding protein (MID) is a complex antigen with unique immunoglobulin D (IgD)-binding, adhesion, and hemagglutination properties. Previous studies have shown that antibodies raised against MID764-913 in rabbits inhibited M. catarrhalis adhesion to human alveolar epithelial cells, and immunization with MID764-913 resulted in an increased pulmonary clearance in a murine model. Strong immune responses against MID have also consistently been shown in humans. Here, the MID-specified IgG responses were compared to those of ubiquitous surface proteins A1 and A2 (UspA1/A2) using a series of recombinant fragments that spanned all three proteins. Sera were obtained from young children, aged 6 months to 1 year (n=8) and 2 to 3 years (n=15), and healthy adults (n=16). Acute- and convalescent-phase sera from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with M. catarrhalis infective exacerbations (n=23) were also analyzed. Young children, who are at risk of M. catarrhalis infection, had low levels of anti-MID and anti-UspA1/A2 antibodies. Healthy adults and the majority of COPD patients (16/23) had high levels of antibodies directed against, among others, the adhesive domain of MID and the fibronectin- and C3-binding domains of UspA1/A2. Among eight COPD patients in whom a rise in antibody levels could be detected, these functional domains were also the main regions targeted by the antibodies. In addition, human IgG directed against MID was bactericidal and anti-MID antibodies were additive to antibodies targeting UspA1/A2. Hence, the functional domains in these three antigens may have significant potential in a future vaccine against M. catarrhalis.
Direct Anonymous Attestation. (2004)

This paper describes the direct anonymous attestation scheme (DAA). This scheme was adopted by the Trusted Computing Group as the method for remote authentication of a hardware module, called trusted platform module (TPM), while preserving the privacy of the user of the platform that contains the module. Direct anonymous attestation can be seen as a group signature without the feature that a signature can be opened, i.e., the anonymity is not revocable. Moreover, DAA allows for pseudonyms, i.e., for each signature a user (in agreement with the recipient of the signature) can decide whether or not the signature should be linkable to another signature. DAA furthermore allows for detection of &quot;known&quot; keys: if the DAA secret keys are extracted from a TPM and published, a verifier can detect that a signature was produced using these secret keys. The scheme is provably secure in the random oracle model under the strong RSA and the decisional Di#e-Hellman assumption.
<title>Flexible packaging and interconnect scheme for microfluidic systems</title> (1999)

A slide-together compression package and microfluidic interconnects for microfabricated devices requiring fluidic and electrical connections is presented. The package assembles without tools, is reusable, and requires no epoxy, wirebonds, or solder, making chip replacement fast and easy. The microfluidic interconnects use standard HPLC PEEK tubing, with the tip machined to accept either an o-ring or custom molded ring which serves the dual function of forming the seal and providing mechanical retention strength. One design uses a screw to compress the o-ring, while others are simply plugged into a cartridge retained in the package. The connectors are helium leak-tight, can withstand hundreds of psi, are easy to connect and disconnect, are low dead volume, have a small footprint, and are adaptable to a broad range of microfabricated devices.
Synthesis of New Cholesterol- and Sugar-Anchored Squaraine Dyes:  Further Evidence of How Electronic Factors Influence Dye Formation (2005)

[reaction: see text] Synthesis of new quinaldine-based squaraine dyes linked to cellular recognition elements that exhibit near-infrared absorption (>740 nm) are described. Both product analysis and theoretical calculations substantiate the interesting electronic effects of various substituents in the dye formation reaction. These results are useful in the synthesis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical squaraine dyes that can have potential biological and photodynamic therapeutical applications.
Parallel computing for fast and accurate phase analysis of fringe pattern by two-dimensional phase shifting methods (2017)

Phase analysis techniques of fringe patterns have been widely used for noncontact three-dimensional shape and deformation measurement by the fringe projection method. Recently, we developed two novel accurate phase analysis methods. One is the two-dimensional sampling moiré method to perform robust phase analysis for a single-shot fringe pattern. The other is the two-dimensional spatiotemporal phase-shifting method to analyze phase distribution accurately for multi-step phase-shifted fringe patterns. To perform accurate phase analysis under low signal-to-noise ratio conditions, both the above two methods use the two-dimensional discrete Fourier transform or fast Fourier transform. Therefore, these algorithms are computationally expensive compared with the conventional one-dimensional sampling moiré and phase-shifting methods. In this study, a fast parallelization implementation for two-dimensional phase-shifting methods, including the two-dimensional sampling moiré method and the spatiotemporal phase-shifting method, are presented by utilizing multi-core CPU. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that phase analysis can reach 7.5 and 5.9 times faster by use of a 12-core CPU compared with a single CPU.
All-Printed Flexible Microwave Varactors and Phase Shifters Based on a Tunable BST/Polymer (2017)

This paper presents all-printed varactors and phase shifters using direct-ink writing methodologies on flexible organic films. The key enabler is a novel ferroelectric nanoink that allows printing high dielectric constant, low loss, and electrostatically tunable dielectrics at extremely low temperatures. The dielectric is made by suspending nanoparticles of barium strontium titanate (BST) in thermoplastic cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) to create a multiphase BST/COC nanocomposite. Unlike conventional ferroelectric ceramics, this ferroelectric dielectric requires no sintering and can be printed on any substrate. After printing, it is cured at temperatures below 200 °C. Careful stoichiometry and particle analysis of BST powders resulted in identifying conditions for achieving electrostatic tunability. A high relative permittivity of ε <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> = 38 and a very low dielectric loss of tan δ = 0.002 at f = 10 GHz were measured for the printed sinterless dielectric. The ink allows printing voltage-variable capacitors with a capacitance tunability up to 10% at microwave frequencies. The tunable capacitors were utilized in a left-handed transmission line design to create all-printed tunable phase shifters with up to a maximum phase shift of Δφ = 97° and a maximum figure of merit of 29°/dB at f = 10 GHz.
Stage-Specific Inhibition of MHC Class I Presentation by the Epstein-Barr Virus BNLF2a Protein during Virus Lytic Cycle (2009)

The gamma-herpesvirus Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) persists for life in infected individuals despite the presence of a strong immune response. During the lytic cycle of EBV many viral proteins are expressed, potentially allowing virally infected cells to be recognized and eliminated by CD8+ T cells. We have recently identified an immune evasion protein encoded by EBV, BNLF2a, which is expressed in early phase lytic replication and inhibits peptide- and ATP-binding functions of the transporter associated with antigen processing. Ectopic expression of BNLF2a causes decreased surface MHC class I expression and inhibits the presentation of indicator antigens to CD8+ T cells. Here we sought to examine the influence of BNLF2a when expressed naturally during EBV lytic replication. We generated a BNLF2a-deleted recombinant EBV (DeltaBNLF2a) and compared the ability of DeltaBNLF2a and wild-type EBV-transformed B cell lines to be recognized by CD8+ T cell clones specific for EBV-encoded immediate early, early and late lytic antigens. Epitopes derived from immediate early and early expressed proteins were better recognized when presented by DeltaBNLF2a transformed cells compared to wild-type virus transformants. However, recognition of late antigens by CD8+ T cells remained equally poor when presented by both wild-type and DeltaBNLF2a cell targets. Analysis of BNLF2a and target protein expression kinetics showed that although BNLF2a is expressed during early phase replication, it is expressed at a time when there is an upregulation of immediate early proteins and initiation of early protein synthesis. Interestingly, BNLF2a protein expression was found to be lost by late lytic cycle yet DeltaBNLF2a-transformed cells in late stage replication downregulated surface MHC class I to a similar extent as wild-type EBV-transformed cells. These data show that BNLF2a-mediated expression is stage-specific, affecting presentation of immediate early and early proteins, and that other evasion mechanisms operate later in the lytic cycle.
Caching and Coded Multicasting: Multiple Groupcast Index Coding (2014)

The capacity of caching networks has received considerable attention in the past few years. A particularly studied setting is the case of a single server (e.g., a base station) and multiple users, each of which caches segments of files in a finite library. Each user requests one (whole) file in the library and the server sends a common coded multicast message to satisfy all users at once. The problem consists of finding the smallest possible codeword length to satisfy such requests. In this paper we consider the generalization to the case where each user places $L \geq 1$ requests. The obvious naive scheme consists of applying $L$ times the order-optimal scheme for a single request, obtaining a linear in $L$ scaling of the multicast codeword length. We propose a new achievable scheme based on multiple groupcast index coding that achieves a significant gain over the naive scheme. Furthermore, through an information theoretic converse we find that the proposed scheme is approximately optimal within a constant factor of (at most) $18$.
Electrolytes for Low Temperature Operations of Li-Ion Batteries (2007)

The factors that limit the low temperature performance of Li- ion batteries were examined using an impedance analysis technique. The charge transfer resistance, Rct, obtained by this technique was increased with decreasing temperature following an Arrhenius relationship and it was the predominant resistance at low temperatures. The limiting step in the charge transfer process was discussed by comparing the activation energy of the charge transfer process and the activation energy obtained at a model interface designed by Abe et al. We also explored some electrolyte systems containing ester/carbonate solvent mixtures and/or LiBF4 salt. Lower Rct and activation energy were obtained for MCMB electrode in these electrolytes. Improved low temperature cell performance was also obtained for cells using these electrolytes.
Synthesizing Diacetylenes With Nonlinear Optical Properties (1993)

Diacetylene compounds being investigated to determine whether they have nonlinear optical properties making them useful for four-wave mixing, generation of third harmonics, phase conjugation, and like. Diacetylene monomers synthesized by sequences of chemical reactions. Monomers polymerized by ultraviolet light, forming potentially useful nonlinear optical materials.
Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalysts Containing Six-Membered Sulfone and Sulfonamide Chelating Rings (2011)

The preparation and X-ray structure characterization of new olefin metathesis initiators containing sulfone- and sulfonamide-substituted benzylidene ligands are described. We observed that these catalysts exhibit Ru···O(SO)R interactions, forming six-membered chelates. Tuning the electronic and steric factors of the benzylidene part as well as selecting the proper NHC ligands can have a direct impact on catalyst activity and stability, leading to promising new catalysts.
Transcriptional analysis of human survivin gene expression (1999)

The preservation of tissue and organ homoeostasis depends on the regulated expression of genes controlling apoptosis (programmed cell death). In this study, we have investigated the basal transcriptional requirements of the survivin gene, an IAP (inhibitor of apoptosis) prominently up-regulated in cancer. Analysis of the 5' flanking region of the human survivin gene revealed the presence of a TATA-less promoter containing a canonical CpG island of approximately 250 nt, three cell cycle dependent elements, one cell cycle homology region and numerous Sp1 sites. PCR-based analysis of human genomic DNA, digested with methylation-sensitive and -insensitive restriction enzymes, indicated that the CpG island was unmethylated in both normal and neoplastic tissues. Primer extension and S1 nuclease mapping of the human survivin gene identified two main transcription start sites at position -72 and within -57/-61 from the initiating ATG. Transfection of cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with truncated or nested survivin promoter-luciferase constructs revealed the presence of both enhancer and repressor sequences and identified a minimal promoter region within the proximal -230 nt of the human survivin gene. Unbiased mutagenesis analysis of the human survivin promoter revealed that targeting the Sp1 sequences at position -171 and -151 abolished basal transcriptional activity by approximately 63-82%. Electrophoretic mobility-shift assay with DNA oligonucleotides confirmed formation of a DNA-protein complex between the survivin Sp1 sequences and HeLa cell extracts in a reaction abolished by mutagenesis of the survivin Sp1 sites. These findings identify the basal transcriptional requirements of survivin gene expression.
MOS Transistors with Stacked SiO -Ta O -SiO Gate Dielectrics for Giga-Scale Integration of CMOS Technologies (1998)

Advances in lithography and thinner SiO gate ox- ides have enabled the scaling of MOS technologies to sub-0.25- m feature size. High dielectric constant materials, such as Ta O have been suggested as a substitute for SiO as the gate material beyond ˚ A However, the Si-Ta O material system suffers from unacceptable levels of bulk fixed charge, high density of interface trap states, and low silicon interface carrier mobility. In this paper we present a solution to these issues through a novel synthesis of a thermally grown SiO (10 ˚ A)-Ta O (MOCVD-50 ˚ A)- SiO (LPCVD-5 ˚ A) stacked dielectric. Transistors fabricated using this stacked gate dielectric exhibit excellent subthreshold behavior, saturation characteristics, and drive currents.