gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 13533: Delta-like 4/Notch Signaling Promotes Fatty Liver Disease in Mice (2013)

Background: Fatty liver disease is associated with inflammation and cardiometabolic syndrome. We previously demonstrated that the administration of a neutralizing antibody for Delta-like 4 (Dll4), the ligand of Notch signaling, improves key features of cardiometabolic disorders including macrophage activation, atherosclerosis, insulin resistance and hepatic lipid accumulation in mice. The present study has explored the mechanisms through which Dll4/Notch signaling promotes fatty liver. Methods and Results: We administered Dll4 antibody or control IgG (250 μg, i.p.,twice per week) in high-fat/high-cholesterol fed LDL receptor-deficient mice. Dll4 antibody suppressed prototypical Notch target genes (e.g., Hey1). While body weight and plasma lipid profile did not differ between groups, the livers of mice treated with Dll4 antibody for 4 weeks contained fewer lipids than those of control mice. Dll4 blockade reduced macrophage accumulation in the liver. Dll4 blockade tended to decrease hepatic expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), markers of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages. Dll4 antibody inhibited expression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2, a gene involved in triglyceride synthesis. To further address the role of Dll4 in hepatic inflammation, we performed co-culture experiments of macrophages and hepatocytes. When we exposed the mouse hepatocyte cell line AML12 to conditioned media from Dll4-overexpressing RAW264.7 macrophage cells, mRNA levels of IL-6 and MCP-1 increased. Conclusion: Dll4/Notch signaling induces hepatocyte inflammation, offering a new therapeutic target for fatty liver.
Portable real-time photoacoustic microscopy (2007)

To make a photoacoustic microscope (PAM) suitable for clinical applications, we have developed a portable PAM system with high frame rate. The probe for this portable PAM system is a small hand-held unit, which is connected with the rest of the system with an optical fiber and electrical cables. The probe can be maneuvered easily and pressed against the region of interest at various anatomical sites. By employing a tunable laser with a repetition rate up to 1 kHz, this portable PAM system has reduced its acquisition time to less than one second for each cross-sectional image. We have applied this system to animals as well as humans to acquire cross-sectional images with a maximum imaging depth of 5 mm, a lateral resolution of better than 100 &mgr;m, and an axial resolution of 35 &mgr;m.
Recursive grid partitioning on a cortical surface model: an optimized technique for the localization of implanted subdural electrodes (2013)

The authors have presented several aspects of using new techniques to visualize electrodes implanted for localizing epilepsy. The ability to use automated labeling schemas to denote which gyrus a particular electrode overlies is potentially of great utility in planning resections and in corroborating the results of extraoperative stimulation mapping. Dilation of the pial mesh model provides, for the first time, a sense of the cortical surface not sampled by the electrode, and the potential roles this "electrophysiologically hidden" cortex may play in both eloquent function and seizure onset.
Synthesis of ideal window filter response in grating-assisted couplers (1996)

Synthesizing ideal windowlike spectral response in codirectional grating-assisted couplers is considered. The method of variational optimization is used to design couplers theoretically with near 100% power transfer efficiency over the passband width and with sidelobes suppressed to -40 dB. The physical role of the pi-phase-reversal sections for passband f lattening is explained.
Mapping electrical crosstalk in pixelated sensor arrays (2008)

Electronic coupling effects such as Inter-Pixel Capacitance (IPC) affect the quantitative interpretation of image data from CMOS, hybrid visible and infrared imagers alike. Existing methods of characterizing IPC do not provide a map of the spatial variation of IPC over all pixels. We demonstrate a deterministic method that provides a direct quantitative map of the crosstalk across an imager. The approach requires only the ability to reset single pixels to an arbitrary voltage, different from the rest of the imager. No illumination source is required. Mapping IPC independently for each pixel is also made practical by the greater S/N ratio achievable for an electrical stimulus than for an optical stimulus, which is subject to both Poisson statistics and diffusion effects of photo-generated charge. The data we present illustrates a more complex picture of IPC in Teledyne HgCdTe and HyViSi focal plane arrays than is presently understood, including the presence of a newly discovered, long range IPC in the HyViSi FPA that extends tens of pixels in distance, likely stemming from extended field effects in the fully depleted substrate. The sensitivity of the measurement approach has been shown to be good enough to distinguish spatial structure in IPC of the order of 0.1%.
Thumbs-Up - Wearable Sensing Device for Detecting Hand-to-Mouth Compulsive Habits (2016)

Thumbs-Up explores a novel sensing method for detection of hand-to-mouth compulsive habits. Using electrical bio-impedance spectroscopy and inertial measurement units, a prototype system was implemented. The system can easily be worn around the arm and may perhaps be integrated into future wearable devices. It recognises occurrences of the habits in real-time, allowing monitoring and immediate interventions. These have so far been very limited, impeding behavioural studies and the development of therapeutic treatments. Throughout this paper the methodâs feasibility is demonstrated and aspects of its performance are explored. We present an approach to process the bio-impedance signals and associate them with possible body postures. A positioning strategy optimises the deviceâs sensitivity and increases its efficacy. Machine learning algorithms are leveraged to infer the hand-to-mouth detection. We achieve 92% detection accuracy for recurrent usage and 90% accuracy for users that have not been previously encountered.
High frequency piezoelectric MEMS ultrasound transducers (2007)

High-frequency ultrasound array transducers using piezoelectric thin films on larger structures are being developed for high-resolution imaging systems. The increase in resolution is achieved by a simultaneous increase in operating frequency (30 MHz to about 1 GHz) and close coupling of the electronic circuitry. Two different processing methods were explored to fabricate array transducers. In one implementation, a xylophone bar transducer was prototyped, using thin film PbZr(0.52)Ti(0.48)O(3) (PZT) as the active piezoelectric layer. In the other, the piezoelectric transducer was prepared by mist deposition of PZT films over electroplated Ni posts. Because the PZT films are excited through the film thickness, the drive voltages of these transducers are low, and close coupling of the electronic circuitry is possible. A complementary metal-oxidesemiconductor (CMOS) transceiver chip for a 16-element array was fabricated in 0.35-microm process technology. The ultrasound front-end chip contains beam-forming electronics, receiver circuitry, and analog-to-digital converters with 3-Kbyte on-chip buffer memory.
Overexpression of pyruvate decarboxylase in the yeast<i>Hansenula polymorpha</i>results in increased ethanol yield in high-temperature fermentation of xylose (2008)

Improvement of xylose fermentation is of great importance to the fuel ethanol industry. The nonconventional thermotolerant yeast Hansenula polymorpha naturally ferments xylose to ethanol at high temperatures (48-50 degrees C). Introduction of a mutation that impairs ethanol reutilization in H. polymorpha led to an increase in ethanol yield from xylose. The native and heterologous (Kluyveromyces lactis) PDC1 genes coding for pyruvate decarboxylase were expressed at high levels in H. polymorpha under the control of the strong constitutive promoter of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene (GAPDH). This resulted in increased pyruvate decarboxylase activity and improved ethanol production from xylose. The introduction of multiple copies of the H. polymorpha PDC1 gene driven by the strong constitutive promoter led to a 20-fold increase in pyruvate decarboxylase activity and up to a threefold elevation of ethanol production.
Lens Factory: Automatic Lens Generation Using Off-the-shelf Components (2015)

Custom optics is a necessity for many imaging applications. Unfortunately, custom lens design is costly (thousands to tens of thousands of dollars), time consuming (10-12 weeks typical lead time), and requires specialized optics design expertise. By using only inexpensive, off-the-shelf lens components the Lens Factory automatic design system greatly reduces cost and time. Design, ordering of parts, delivery, and assembly can be completed in a few days, at a cost in the low hundreds of dollars. Lens design constraints, such as focal length and field of view, are specified in terms familiar to the graphics community so no optics expertise is necessary. Unlike conventional lens design systems, which only use continuous optimization methods, Lens Factory adds a discrete optimization stage. This stage searches the combinatorial space of possible combinations of lens elements to find novel designs, evolving simple canonical lens designs into more complex, better designs. Intelligent pruning rules make the combinatorial search feasible. We have designed and built several high performance optical systems which demonstrate the practicality of the system.
Detecting Breathing and Snoring Episodes Using a Wireless Tracheal Sensor—A Feasibility Study (2016)

The system opens unexplored possibilities in sleep monitoring and study enabling a multinight recording strategy involving the collection and analysis of abundant data from thousands of people.
Purification of a Flavobacterium pentachlorophenol-induced periplasmic protein (PcpA) and nucleotide sequence of the corresponding gene (pcpA) (1991)

A pentachlorophenol (PCP)-induced periplasmic protein (PcpA) with a molecular weight of 30,000 has been identified and purified from Flavobacterium sp. strain ATCC 39723. Results suggest that PcpA may be involved in PCP mineralization. The induction of PcpA correlated with the induction of PCP-degrading activity. When PcpA was released from the periplasmic space by EDTA or osmotic shock treatment, PCP-degrading activity was arrested. Two PCP- mutants of ATCC 39723, which do not degrade PCP, did not produce PcpA following induction with PCP. The N terminus of PcpA was sequenced, and two degenerate primers were synthesized for use in DNA amplification of a 68-bp probe which hybridized to a genomic library clone containing pcpA. The nucleotide sequence of pcpA was determined and found to encode an open reading frame of 816 bp. pcpA was found to be part of a 1.35-kb transcript with a transcriptional start site 67 bp upstream of the translational start site. Data base search comparisons yielded no sequences of high similarity to pcpA or its protein product.
Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Measurement of Myoglobin Oxygen Saturation in the Presence of Hemoglobin Using Partial Least-Squares Analysis (1999)

Myoglobin is an important intracellular protein found in cardiac and skeletal muscle. It is involved in the intracellular transport of oxygen from the cell membrane to the mitochondria where oxidative phosphorylation takes place. The optical absorbance characteristics of myoglobin are similar to those of hemoglobin in the near-infrared spectral region. Distinguishing spectral information of myoglobin from hemoglobin should allow for determination of intracellular oxygen availability in muscle. Partial least-squares analysis is used in this report to determine the oxygen saturation of myoglobin, in the presence of hemoglobin, in vitro. Studies were performed with the use of both transmission and reflectance spectroscopic techniques. Transmission spectra of myoglobin solutions were determined with varying degrees of oxygen saturation achieved by deoxygenating the solution using E. coli. Calibration spectral data sets were developed with the use of varying concentrations of hemoglobin interference, and with varying degrees of myoglobin oxygen saturation. Reflectance spectra were obtained from myoglobin and hemoglobin solutions containing a scattering agent to mimic muscle tissue conditions. Predicted myoglobin saturation values were within 2% of the known saturation values from the use of this analysis. Partial least-squares analysis allows for accurate prediction of myoglobin oxygen saturation in the presence of hemoglobin from either transmission of reflectance near-infrared spectra.
Adenovirus 36 DNA in Adipose Tissue of Patient with Unusual Visceral Obesity (2010)

Massive adipose tissue depositions in the abdomen and thorax sufficient to interfere with respiration developed in a patient with multiple medical problems. Biopsy of adipose tissue identified human adenovirus 36 (Adv 36) DNA. Adv 36 causes adipogenesis in animals and humans. Development of massive lipomatosis may be caused by Adv 36.
Changes to the HIV Long Terminal Repeat and to HIV Integrase Differentially Impact HIV Integrase Assembly, Activity, and the Binding of Strand Transfer Inhibitors (2007)

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) integrase enzyme is required for the integration of viral DNA into the host cell chromosome. Integrase complex assembly and subsequent strand transfer catalysis are mediated by specific interactions between integrase and bases at the end of the viral long terminal repeat (LTR). The strand transfer reaction can be blocked by the action of small molecule inhibitors, thought to bind in the vicinity of the viral LTR termini. This study examines the contributions of the terminal four bases of the nonprocessed strand (G(2)T(1)C(-1)A(-2)) of the HIV LTR on complex assembly, specific strand transfer activity, and inhibitor binding. Base substitutions and abasic replacements at the LTR terminus provided a means to probe the importance of each nucleotide on the different functions. An approach is described wherein the specific strand transfer activity for each integrase/LTR variant is derived by normalizing strand transfer activity to the concentration of active sites. The key findings of this study are as follows. 1) The G(2):C(2) base pair is necessary for efficient assembly of the complex and for maintenance of an active site architecture, which has high affinity for strand transfer inhibitors. 2) Inhibitor-resistant enzymes exhibit greatly increased sensitivity to LTR changes. 3) The strand transfer and inhibitor binding defects of a Q148R mutant are due to a decreased affinity of the complex for magnesium. 4) Gln(148) interacts with G(2), T(1), and C(-1) at the 5' end of the viral LTR, with these four determinants playing important and overlapping roles in assembly, strand transfer catalysis and high affinity inhibitor binding.
Diffuse optical tomography forward model refinements in media with heterogeneous optical properties (2007)

Optical properties heterogeneities in small-animals can deeply affect diffuse optical fluorescence data. This can severely limit the precision of fluorescence tomography when the forward model is built assuming homogeneous absorption and scattering coefficients. In this work, we introduce a photon propagation forward model in which local estimates of a sample’s optical properties are used for each source-detector combination, rather than a single global estimate of those optical properties. These estimates may be obtained from either time-resolved data collected at the laser’s wavelength, or based on a priori information gained through another imaging modality. We show that without increasing the computational complexity, our model improves the correlation with independently simulated heterogeneous fluorescence data in the case of optical property heterogeneity levels typically observed in mice.
Divalent Uranium and Cobalt Saturable Absorber Q-Switches at 1.5 μm (1995)

Saturable absorber Q-switching of the 1.5 μm Er:glass laser has been obtained using slowly-relaxing divalent uranium ions in Ca, Sr, and Ba:F2, and fast-relaxing divalent cobalt ions in Y3Sc2Ga3O12 (YSGG) and Y3Al5O12 (YAG). Pulsewidths as short as 20 nanoseconds have been demonstrated without optical damage in both cases. Spectroscopic measurements, as well as Q-switched laser results are discussed for all of these materials.
Davies bar as the reference for impact acceleration metrology (1996)

The mass production of silicon accelerometers has clarified that the current acceleration standard is not perfect. The acceleration standard is usually transferred by a reference accelerometer with the so-called back-to-back connection technique. Manufacturers, however do not explain what sort of calibration technique is applied to the reference accelerometer in the impact acceleration range. This paper proposes a novel impact technique for accelerometers calibration. The input acceleration to an accelerometer to be tested is generated by the reflection of an elastic pulse at one end surface of a bar. The bar is called Davies Bar, after Prof. Davies, who measured the dynamic displacement of the end surface of a metal bar by electrodes. The experiment was the comparison between the calibration of RION PV-44A accelerometer by ENDEVCO 2270 and that by NRLM method. The paper concludes that Davies' Bar should be used as the reference for the impact acceleration, ranging from roughly 200 [m/s<SUP>2</SUP>] to 1000,000 [m/s<SUP>2</SUP>] for mainly following reasons: (1) NRLM method is based on laser interferometer measurement with the reliable accuracy. (2) The frequency bandwidth of the impact acceleration generated using Davies bar is much wider than that of reference accelerometers. (3) Back to back connection does not always enable the comparison between the measurement of the connecting surface motion and the accelerometers' outputs.
Product differentiation during continuous-flow thermal gradient PCR (2008)

A continuous-flow PCR microfluidic device was developed in which the target DNA product can be detected and identified during its amplification. This in situ characterization potentially eliminates the requirement for further post-PCR analysis. Multiple small targets have been amplified from human genomic DNA, having sizes of 108, 122, and 134 bp. With a DNA dye in the PCR mixture, the amplification and unique melting behavior of each sample is observed from a single fluorescent image. The melting behavior of the amplifying DNA, which depends on its molecular composition, occurs spatially in the thermal gradient PCR device, and can be observed with an optical resolution of 0.1 degrees C pixel(-1). Since many PCR cycles are within the field of view of the CCD camera, melting analysis can be performed at any cycle that contains a significant quantity of amplicon, thereby eliminating the cycle-selection challenges typically associated with continuous-flow PCR microfluidics.
Consonant recognition methods for unspecified speakers using bpf powers and time sequence of LPC cepstrum coefficients (1987)

Abstract This paper discusses the recognition of the consonant (except the consonant at the top of the word) in a word for unspecified speakers. First, the consonant section is detected based on the power dips extracted from the low‐ and high‐frequency power information, together with the nasal and unvoiced properties. Applying the discrimination diagram to the detected low‐ and high‐frequency dips, the phoneme is classified into the four phoneme classes (rough classification). Then methods are discussed which discriminate the individual phonemes in the phonemes group by pattern matching (fine classification). Using the time‐series pattern of the LPC cepstrum coefficient as the parameter, it is shown that the comparison with the standard phoneme patterns using the Bayes' discriminant and the Mahalabinos distance is the most useful. The result of recognition experiment using the segmentation, rough classification, and fine classifications is presented. For twenty subjects of both sexes, the mean recognition rate of 78.1 percent was achieved.
Speech synthesizer with function of developing melodies (1988)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Shintaro Hashimoto, Hideo Yoshida; Speech synthesizer with function of developing melodies. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 September 1988; 84 (3): 1131. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.396682 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
The recovery of valuable metals and recycling of alumina from a waste spent hydroprocessing catalyst: extraction with Na salts (2014)

Considering the refinery importance, a spent catalyst recovery study was carried out on industrial spent residue hydroprocessing catalysts that contained high levels of metals. The spent catalyst was de-oiled, de-coked, crushed and ground to a fine powder, which was then subject to further treatment for metal recovery. In the extraction process, metals were recovered through hydrometallurgical routes using NaOH, and Na 2 CO 3 as roasting mediator as well as an extracting agent. The effectiveness of the aqueous basic solution extraction of Mo, V, Ni and Al from the refinery spent catalyst is reported as a function of roasting agent, temperature, concentration, leaching time and temperature. The optimum leaching conditions were achieved in order to obtain a maximum recovery of Mo, Ni and V metals, corresponding to a time of 1 h, a temperature of 700C and a concentration of 30 wt% with soda roasting, while the caustic digestion process's maximum recovery for all metals was at 250C in temperature. The metals were recovered as corresponding salt, while alumina was recovered as boehmite, which was further dried and calcined in order to get the corresponding oxides in pure form. The aim of this study is to recover or recycle a waste catalyst as valuable metals and support (alumina) from the spent catalyst.
A New Flame Retardant 1,2-Polybutadiene Laminate (1983)

A flame retardant 1,2-polybutadiene laminate with excellent dielectric properties and high heat resistance has been developed for high density multilayer printed wiring boards. A high molecular weight 1,2-polybutadiene is selected as a base material to provide prepregs with a bnon-tacky property without semi-curing of the resin. A low molecular weight 1,2-polybutadiene is used to control the resin flow property of prepregs. The desirable flame retardation is achieved while maintaining the excellent dielectric and thermal properties of 1,2-polybutadieney using a new halogenated bisphenol methacrylate compound. The 1,2-polybutadiene laminate exhibits a low dielectric constant (ε = 3.4) and dissipation factor (tanδ=0.004) and a flammability classification of UL94 V-1. Also, it has a solder resistance at 300°C for over 120 s. The 1,2-polybutadiene multilayer printed wiring board shows no occurrence of resin smears and excellent transmission characteristics, and demonstrates high reliability of interconnectionn between plated-through-holes and internal layers against thermal shock.