gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Consensus Guidelines for the Management of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (2013)

The present guidelines are the most recent data on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and an update on the 2 previous sets of guidelines published in 2003 and 2007. These guidelines were compiled by a multidisciplinary international panel of individuals with interest and expertise in PONV under the auspices of the Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia. The panel members critically and systematically evaluated the current medical literature on PONV to provide an evidence-based reference tool for the management of adults and children who are undergoing surgery and are at increased risk for PONV. These guidelines identify patients at risk for PONV in adults and children; recommend approaches for reducing baseline risks for PONV; identify the most effective antiemetic single therapy and combination therapy regimens for PONV prophylaxis, including nonpharmacologic approaches; recommend strategies for treatment of PONV when it occurs; provide an algorithm for the management of individuals at increased risk for PONV as well as steps to ensure PONV prevention and treatment are implemented in the clinical setting.
Renal pathology in congenital nephrotic syndrome of Finnish type: a quantitative light microscopic study on 50 patients. (1980)

The quantitative histopathological analysis was performed on 68 renal specimens of 50 children with congenital nephrotic syndrome of Finnish type (CNF). Thirty five of samples were biopsies and 33 were taken at autopsy. The kidneys of the CNF children were 2-3 times larger by weight than those of normal children. The renal histological picture varied greatly from one patient to another. The glomeruli of the CNF patients showed more often fibrotic lesions and mesangial hypercellularity than those of the normal infants, while immature glomeruli were seen more frequently in the controls than in CNF children. Tubular atrophy and tubular dilatations were also common histological feature in the CNF children. Glomerular fibrosis and tubulo-interstitial changes showed significant progression during the course of the disease while mesangial cell proliferation did not increase with age. The decreased tubular cell mass was replaced by interstitial tissue in the kidneys of older CNF infants. The proportion of the total glomerular volume to the volume of the whole kidney was about the same in CNF as in normal children. Because of the greater kidney size in CNF the absolute volume of the total glomerular mass is increased in this disease.
The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases in the Pathophysiology of Neurodegeneration: A Literature Study (2013)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their natural tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) are involved in cell signaling processes and the release of extracellular matrix (ECM) and non-ECM molecules. Nonregulated MMP activity and an imbalance between metalloproteinases and their inhibitors might contribute to various disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is the most common cause of dementia. There is a complex relationship between MMPs and TIMPs with AD. It has been shown that MMPs and TIMPs are localized in neuritic senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the postmortem brains of patients with AD. Some MMPs have also been shown to induce tau aggregation and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles in vitro. Moreover, MMPs contribute to AD pathogenesis via the disruption of the blood-brain barrier and promotion of neurodegeneration. However, MMPs can degrade both soluble and fibrillar forms of amyloid-β (Aβ). It has also been shown that Aβ enhances the expression of MMPs in neuroglial cultures and induces the release of TIMP-1 by brain cells. Inhibition of Aβ-induced MMP activity resulted in an improvement of performance tests in mice. Moreover, simultaneous examination of MMP-9, MMP-2, and TIMP-1 in the CSF contributed to the ability to differentiate between AD and other types of dementia. Thus, the aim of this literature study was to describe the role of MMPs and TIMPs in neurodegeneration, as well as their potential usefulness as CSF or plasma biomarkers in the diagnosis of AD as well as other neurodegenerative disorders and vascular dementia.
Photoluminescence of Si Nanocrystals Created by Heavy Ion Irradiation of Amorphous SiO Films (1995)

In order to create Si nanocrystals we have irradiated amorphous films of SiO by high energy heavy ions.The electron microscope images clearly show crystallites of 15-25Å size formed inside ion traces of ∼200Å diameter. The broad luminescence band observed in the visible is attributed to the radiative recombination of photoexcited carriers confined in the Si crystallites. We are able to control the density and the mean size of the nanocrystals by tuning the irradiation parameters.
A 5-GHz CMOS LC Quadrature VCO With Dynamic Current-Clipping Coupling to Improve Phase Noise and Phase Accuracy (2013)

This paper presents a quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator (QVCO) employing a proposed dynamic current-clipping coupling technique to provide around 90° phase shift in the coupling paths. The phase shift given by the coupling network not only improves the phase noise, but also desensitizes the phase error to component mismatches in the QVCO. The coupling network furthermore reduces the noise injected into the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">LC</i> tank at the most vulnerable time (zero crossing points). The proposed current-clipping coupling allows the use of a strong coupling ratio to minimize the quadrature phase sensitivity to mismatches without degrading the phase noise performance. The proposed QVCO is implemented in a 130-nm CMOS technology. The measured phase noise is -121 dBc/Hz at 1-MHz offset from a 5-GHz carrier. The QVCO consumes 4.2 mW from a 1-V power supply, resulting in an outstanding figure of merit of 189 dBc/Hz.
Rakeness in the Design of Analog-to-Information Conversion of Sparse and Localized Signals (2012)

Design of random modulation preintegration systems based on the restricted-isometry property may be suboptimal when the energy of the signals to be acquired is not evenly distributed, i.e., when they are both sparse and localized. To counter this, we introduce an additional design criterion, that we call rakeness, accounting for the amount of energy that the measurements capture from the signal to be acquired. Hence, for localized signals a proper system tuning increases the rakeness as well as the average SNR of the samples used in its reconstruction. Yet, maximizing average SNR may go against the need of capturing all the components that are potentially nonzero in a sparse signal, i.e., against the restricted isometry requirement ensuring reconstructability. What we propose is to administer the trade-off between rakeness and restricted isometry in a statistical way by laying down an optimization problem. The solution of such an optimization problem is the statistic of the process generating the random waveforms onto which the signal is projected to obtain the measurements. The formal definition of such a problems is given as well as its solution for signals that are either localized in frequency or in more generic domain. Sample applications, to ECG signals and small images of printed letters and numbers, show that rakeness-based design leads to nonnegligible improvements in both cases.
Modeling and Control of Multiple Aerial-Ground Manipulator System (MAGMaS) with Load Flexibility (2018)

The MAGMaS (Multiple Aerial-Ground Manipulator System) was proposed in [1] as a heterogeneous system composed of multiple ground (mobile) manipulators and aerial robots to collaboratively manipulate a long/large-sized object and demonstrated therein for rigid load manipulation. Here, we extend this result of [1] to the case of load manipulation with flexibility, which is crucial for long/slender object manipulation, yet, not considered in [1]. We first provide a rigorous modeling of the load flexibility and its effects on the MAGMaS dynamics. We then propose a novel collaborative control framework for flexible load-tip pose tracking, where the ground manipulator provides slower nominal pose tracking with overall load weight holding, whereas the aerial robot allows for faster vibration suppression with some load weight sharing. We also discuss the issue of controllability stemming from that the aerial robot provides less number of actuation than the modes of the load flexibility; and elucidate some peculiar conditions for this vibration suppression controllability. Simulations are also performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed theory.
Effectiveness of Voltage Error Compensation and Parameter Identification for Model-Based Sensorless Control of IPMSM (2009)

A sensorless-control technique for improving the performance of interior permanent-magnet synchronous-motor control such as the operating speed range and position estimation accuracy is proposed herein. The method presented is based on the estimation of an extended electromotive force in a rotating reference frame. The difference between the reference voltage and the actual voltage of the inverter is modeled and compensated for in order to improve the accuracy and the stability of the sensorless drive system. Moreover, an online parameter-identification technique is applied in order to improve the accuracy of position estimation. The effects of the proposed scheme are evaluated by the experimental results.
Genetic dissection of the biosynthetic route to gentamicin A<sub>2</sub>by heterologous expression of its minimal gene set (2008)

Since the first use of streptomycin as an effective antibiotic drug in the treatment of tuberculosis, aminoglycoside antibiotics have been widely used against a variety of bacterial infections for over six decades. However, the pathways for aminoglycoside biosynthesis still remain unclear, mainly because of difficulty in genetic manipulation of actinomycetes producing this class of antibiotics. Gentamicin belongs to the group of 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides containing a characteristic core aminocyclitol moiety, 2-deoxystreptamine (2-DOS), and the recent discovery of its biosynthetic gene cluster in Micromonospora echinospora has enabled us to decipher its biosynthetic pathway. To determine the minimal set of genes and their functions for the generation of gentamicin A(2), the first pseudotrisaccharide intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway for the gentamicin complex, various sets of candidate genes from M. echinospora and other related aminoglycoside-producing strains were introduced into a nonaminoglycoside producing strain of Streptomyces venezuelae. Heterologous expression of different combinations of putative 2-DOS biosynthetic genes revealed that a subset, gtmB-gtmA-gacH, is responsible for the biosynthesis of this core aminocyclitol moiety of gentamicin. Expression of gtmG together with gtmB-gtmA-gacH led to production of 2'-N-acetylparomamine, demonstrating that GtmG acts as a glycosyltransferase that adds N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GLcNA) to 2-DOS. Expression of gtmM in a 2'-N-acetylparomamine-producing recombinant S. venezuelae strain generated paromamine. Expression of gtmE in an engineered paromamine-producing strain of S. venezuelae successfully generated gentamicin A(2), indicating that GtmE is another glycosyltransferase that attaches d-xylose to paromamine. These results represent in vivo evidence elucidating the complete biosynthetic pathway of the pseudotrisaccharide aminoglycoside.
Application of nematic liquid crystals to quasi-optical millimeter-wave devices (2001)

Relatively large electro-optic effects of nematic liquid crystal (LC) in the millimeter wavelength region have the possibility of an application to the electrically controlled millimeter-wave devices. The millimeter-wave transmission properties of the conventional nematic LC cells with a grating-patterned electrode structure are described. Novel LC cells with a stack-layered structure using metal substrates, which have a large effective path length, are prepared and large millimeter-wave transmission modulation of 50% can be attained by applying an external electric field to the LC cell. The stack-layered structure is useful for an application to the millimeter-wave devices. Then, the LC prism and LC lens as the quasi-optical millimeter-wave devices using the stack-layered structure are proposed. Deflection and focusing effects of the millimeter-wave are observed by applying an external electric field to the LC cells.
Study of interoperability between EFCI and ER switch mechanisms for ABR traffic in an ATM network (2002)

The rate-based flow control mechanism in asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks controls the transmission rate of available bit rate (ABR) traffic sources, based on feedback information contained in the resource management (RM) cells coming from the destination and/or the network switching nodes. While the source and destination end systems behavior are fully described in the ATM Forum Traffic Management Specification, the network switch mechanism is implementation dependent. Since there is a variety of algorithms an ATM switch vendor can choose from, different performance characteristics are expected. This paper investigates the interoperability issues in terms of network performance and fairness of bandwidth allocation when an ATM network consists of switches using different rate control mechanisms, namely, the explicit forward congestion indication (EFCI) mode and the explicit rate (ER) mechanism. Simulation results show that these algorithms will interoperate as long as the switch implementation conforms to the end system behavior for congestion notification and usage of RM cells. Moreover, the location of an ER switch in a given topology might be critical to solving the "beat-down" phenomenon, when traffic passing through a larger number of switches might get less bandwidth than single hop traffic.
Energy consumption and schedule length minimisation of multiprocessor systems using genetic algorithm (2013)

Multiprocessors have emerged as a powerful computing means for running real-time applications, especially where a uniprocessor system would not be sufficient enough to execute all the tasks. The high performance and reliability of multiprocessors have made them a powerful computing resource. Such computing environment requires an efficient algorithm to determine when and on which processor a given task should be executed. This paper focuses the combinational optimisation problem, namely, the problem of minimising schedule length with energy consumption constraint and the problem of minimising energy consumption with schedule length constraint for independent parallel tasks on homogeneous and heterogeneous multiprocessor computers. These problems emphasise the trade-off between power and performance and are defined such that the power-performance product is optimised by fixing one factor and minimising the other and vice versa. The performance of the proposed algorithm with optimal solution is validated analytically and compared with genetic algorithm.
Development and testing of a synthetic oligonucleotide probe for the detection of pathogenic Yersinia strains (1989)

A 24-base oligonucleotide probe specific for a region of the Yersinia enterocolitica virulence plasmid (pYV) associated with HEp-2 cell cytotoxicity and the Sereny reaction was constructed by using sequences flanking critical TnphoA insertions in a subcloned fragment of pYV. This probe, highly specific and sensitive for virulent yersiniae, detected pathogenic Y. enterocolitica isolates in artificially inoculated foods.
Antitumor Agents. 280. Multidrug Resistance-Selective Desmosdumotin B Analogues (2010)

6,6,8-Triethyldesmosdumotin B (2) was discovered as a MDR-selective flavonoid with significant in vitro anticancer activity against a multidrug resistant (MDR) cell line (KB-VIN) but without activity against the parent cells (KB). Additional 2 analogues were synthesized and evaluated to determine the effect of B-ring modifications on MDR-selectivity. Analogues with a B-ring Me (3) or Et (4) group had substantially increased MDR selectivity. Three new disubstituted analogues, 35, 37, and 49, also had high collateral sensitivity (CS) indices of 273, 250, and 100, respectively. Furthermore, 2-4 also displayed MDR selectivity in an MDR hepatoma-cell system. While 2-4 showed either no or very weak inhibition of cellular P-glycoprotein (P-gp) activity, they either activated or inhibited the actions of the first generation P-gp inhibitors verapamil or cyclosporin, respectively.
A New Approach to Manufacturing with Frontal Polymerization to Generate Patterned Materials (2021)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVFirst ReactionsNEXTA New Approach to Manufacturing with Frontal Polymerization to Generate Patterned MaterialsUsing frontal polymerization to create controlled, programmable, and useful patterns in properties of a thermoset polymer without masks, molds, or printers.John A. Pojman Sr.​John A. Pojman, Sr.Department of Chemistry and the Macromolecular Studies Groups, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United StatesPojman Polymer Products, LLC, Louisiana Business and Technology Center, 8000 Innovation Park Dr., Building 3000, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70820, United StatesEmail: [email protected]More by John A. Pojman, Sr.http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4788-8767Cite this: ACS Cent. Sci. 2021, 7, 4, 534–535Publication Date (Web):March 29, 2021Publication History Published online29 March 2021Published inissue 28 April 2021https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.1c00341Copyright © Published 2021 by American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSACS AuthorChoiceCC: Creative CommonsBY: Credit must be given to the creatorNC: Only noncommercial uses of the work are permittedND: No derivatives or adaptations of the work are permittedArticle Views2296Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (829 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Polymerization,Fluids,Chemical reactions,Quantum mechanics,Materials Get e-Alerts
Incidence and specificity of antibodies to types I, II, III, IV, and V collagen in rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic diseases as measured by <sup>125</sup>i‐radioimmunoassay (1983)

Antibodies to human native and denatured types I, II, III, IV, and V collagens were measured using 125I-radioimmunoassay. Mean levels of binding by sera from 30 rheumatoid arthritis patients were significantly higher than those from 20 normal subjects against all of the collagens tested. The relative antibody concentration was higher in synovial fluid than in simultaneously obtained serum. Many patients with gout or various other rheumatic diseases also had detectable anticollagen antibodies. With a few notable exceptions, the majority of the reactivity detected in all patient groups was directed against covalent structural determinants present on all of the denatured collagens, suggesting a secondary reaction to tissue injury.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids and neutral lipids in developing larvae of the oyster,<i>Crassostrea virginica</i> (1984)

Abstract The fatty acid composition of oyster larvae at various stages, as well as of the algal diet, were determined by gas liquid chromatography (GC). Saturated fatty acids are the major fatty acid components in all larval stages and account for 34–62%, 30–35% and 35–81% of the neutral, polar and total lipids of algal‐fed larvae respectively. Weight percentage of saturated fatty acid in “starved” larvae was consistently higher (63–81%) during the whole period. The total polyunsaturated fatty acids were higher in the polar lipids than in the neutral lipids. The concentration of the ω3 fatty acids also was comparatively higher in the polar lipids than in the neutral lipids. In the total and neutral lipid fractions, the weight percentage of polyunsaturated and ω3 fatty acids was higher in the eyed than in the pre‐eyed (pediveliger) larvae. Eicosapentaenoic acid (20∶5ω3) and 22∶6ω3 were not detected in lipids of “starved” and young larvae. There was an accumulation of 20∶5ω3, 22∶6ω3, and total ω3 fatty acids in the older larvae. Lipid classes were separated by thin layer chromatography (TLC). There was no qualitative change in lipid composition during larval development, but a marked increased of triacylglycerol in larvae up to the stage of maturation in algae‐fed larvae.
Effect of Cautery with Irrigation Forceps on the Remnant Liver after Hepatectomy in Rats (1999)

Monopolar cautery with irrigation forceps (CIF) was devised for use in liver resection that does not require occlusion of inflow to the remnant liver. However, a high power output is required to divide the hepatic parenchyma which boils the irrigation water. This study was performed to investigate the effects of using CIF on the hepatic parenchyma. Histologic and biochemical examination was performed in rats which had undergone hepatectomy using the CIF, irrigating bipolar (IB), Pringle's maneuver with blunt dissection (group P), or a sham operation. A greater cautery distance was obtained with the CIF than the IB. There was no significant difference in the remnant liver function after the 1st postoperative day in any of the groups. CIF is an effective instrument for anatomic or nonanatomic hepatic resection.
Virtual colonoscopy screening with ultra low-dose CT: A simulation study (2007)

Computed tomography colonography (CTC) or CT- based virtual colonoscopy (VC) is an emerging tool for detection of colonic polyps. Compared to the conventional fiber-optic colonoscopy, VC has demonstrated the potential to become a mass screening modality in terms of safety, cost, and patient compliance. However, current CTC delivers excessive X-ray radiation to the patient during data acquisition. The radiation dose is a major concern for screening application of CTC. In this work, we performed a simulation study to demonstrate a possible ultra low-dose CT technique for VC. The ultra low-dose abdominal CT images were simulated by adding noise to the sinograms of the patient CTC images acquired with normal dose scans at 100 mAs levels. The simulated noisy sinogram or projection data were first processed by a Karhunen-Loeve domain penalized weighted least squares (KL-PWLS) restoration method and then reconstructed by a filtered backprojection algorithm for the ultra low-dose CT images. The patient-specific virtual colon lumen was constructed and navigated by a VC system after electronic colon cleansing of the orally-tagged residue stool and fluid. By the KL-PWLS noise reduction, the colon lumen can be successfully constructed and the colonic polyp can be detected in an ultra low-dose level below 50 mAs. Polyp detection was also found easier by the KL-PWLS noise reduction compared to the results using the conventional noise filters, such as Hanning filter. These promising results indicate the feasibility of an ultra low-dose CTC pipeline for colon screening.