gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cultivar Differences in Nitrogen Remobilization during Grain Fill in Soft Red Winter Wheat<sup>1</sup> (1987)

Remobilization of vegetative N during grain fill in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) contributes significantly to final grain N content. To assess cnltivar variation for this trait in soft red winter (SRW) wheat, nine cultivars were evaluated in the field for 2 yr at one location on a Maury silt loam soil (fine, mixed, mesic, Typic Paleudalf). Plants were harvested at anthesis and maturity, and divided into spike, peduncle, flag leaf blade; and lower culm plus leaves. Significant cultivar differences in N remobilization from the tlag leaf blade, peduncle, and lower culm were detected. The proportion of N accumulated by the spike derived from vegetative N remobilization ranged among cuitivars from 51 to 91%. Approximately 83% of the total aboveground N at maturity was present in the plant at anthesis, in agreement with other studies. An analysis of cultivar differences indicated that all of the cultivar variation in final spike N could be associated with variation in total N uptake. Cuitivar differences in partitioning of vegetative N measured at anthesis did not contribute significantly to cultivar differences in final spike N. Postanthesis N uptake was associated with lower N utilization efficiency (spike weight/total plant N), higher grain N concentration, and lower grain yields. A controlled study with nutrient solutions subjected six wheat cuitivars to N deprivation at anthesis. The impact of N deprivation on grain N concentration varied among cultivars. The ratio of spike N to total N in all cultivars was increased by N deprivation from 0.69 in the presence of N to 0.82 in the absence of N. For the three cultivars common to both studies, field performance did not agree well with performance under controlled conditions.
A Comprehensive Survey of Vision-Based Human Action Recognition Methods (2019)

Although widely used in many applications, accurate and efficient human action recognition remains a challenging area of research in the field of computer vision. Most recent surveys have focused on narrow problems such as human action recognition methods using depth data, 3D-skeleton data, still image data, spatiotemporal interest point-based methods, and human walking motion recognition. However, there has been no systematic survey of human action recognition. To this end, we present a thorough review of human action recognition methods and provide a comprehensive overview of recent approaches in human action recognition research, including progress in hand-designed action features in RGB and depth data, current deep learning-based action feature representation methods, advances in human⁻object interaction recognition methods, and the current prominent research topic of action detection methods. Finally, we present several analysis recommendations for researchers. This survey paper provides an essential reference for those interested in further research on human action recognition.
Measles virus, immune control, and persistence (2012)

Measles remains one of the most important causes of child morbidity and mortality worldwide with the greatest burden in the youngest children. Most acute measles deaths are owing to secondary infections that result from a poorly understood measles-induced suppression of immune responses. Young children are also vulnerable to late development of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, a progressive, uniformly fatal neurologic disease caused by persistent measles virus (MeV) infection. During acute infection, the rash marks the appearance of the adaptive immune response and CD8(+) T cell-mediated clearance of infectious virus. However, after clearance of infectious virus, MeV RNA persists and can be detected in blood, respiratory secretions, urine, and lymphoid tissue for many weeks to months. This prolonged period of virus clearance may help to explain measles immunosuppression and the development of lifelong immunity to re-infection, as well as occasional infection of the nervous system. Once MeV infects neurons, the virus can spread trans-synaptically and the envelope proteins needed to form infectious virus are unnecessary, accumulate mutations, and can establish persistent infection. Identification of the immune mechanisms required for the clearance of MeV RNA from multiple sites will enlighten our understanding of the development of disease owing to persistent infection.
Convergence implementation of adaptive lattice algorithm with fuzzy based adaptive gain (2002)

In the LMS based adaptive filter, the choice of the adaptive gain is important to the adaptive algorithm performances and the realization structure is also important dependent on application areas. This paper presents an adaptive lattice algorithm which adjusts the adaptive gain of LMS using fuzzy if-then rules determined by matching input and output variables during the adaptation procedure. In each lattice filter stage, this filter adjusts the adaptive gain as the output of the fuzzy logic which has two input variables-squared forward prediction error and one step previous adaptive gain. The proposed algorithm is applied to echo cancelling problem of long distance communication channel. The simulation results showed that the convergence speed is improved and the ERLE of echo canceller is also enhanced by comparison with the conventional LMS lattice algorithm.
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection and Inflammation: what is Beneficial for the Host and for the Bacterium? (2011)

Tuberculosis is still a major health problem in the world. Initial interactions between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the host mark the pathway of infection and the subsequent host inflammatory response. This inflammatory response is tightly regulated by both the host and the bacterium during different stages of infection. As infection progresses, the initial intense pro-inflammatory response observed is regulated by suppressive mediators balancing inflammation. In this environment, M. tuberculosis battles to survive interfering with the host inflammatory response. In this review we discuss the major effector molecules involved in inflammation in relation to the different stages of M. tuberculosis infection.
Towards a multi-scale approach for source code approximate match report (2010)

Finding exact clones in source code can be efficiently handled using classical exact substring or subtree pattern matching techniques inspired from genomics applications. These methods may be wisely employed as a foundation to sketch new techniques highlighting duplicated code chunks presenting minor edits or more extensive modifications at a higher structural scale. The main goal is to improve recall of small near matches and to aggregate them into larger ones to provide a more global view of similarities with a reasonable complexity. These concerns are essential to be able to address a large database of source code projects.
Anti-AIDS Agents. 78. Design, Synthesis, Metabolic Stability Assessment, and Antiviral Evaluation of Novel Betulinic Acid Derivatives as Potent Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Agents (2009)

In a continuing study of potent anti-HIV agents, seventeen 28,30-disubstituted betulinic acid (BA, 1) derivatives and seven novel 3,28-disubstituted BA analogues were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for in vitro antiviral activity. Among them, compound 21 showed an improved solubility and equal anti-HIV potency (EC(50) = 0.09 microM) when compared to HIV entry inhibitors 3b (IC9564, (3R,4S)-N'-[N-[3beta-hydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-28-oyl]-8-aminooctanoyl]-4-amino-3-hydroxy-6-methylheptanoic acid) and 4 (A43-D, [[N-[3beta-O-(3',3'-dimethylsuccinyl)-lup-20(29)-en-28-oyl]-7-aminoheptyl]carbamoyl]methane). Using a cyclic secondary amine to form the C-28 amide bond increased the metabolic stability of the derivatives significantly in pooled human liver microsomes. The most potent compounds 47 and 48 displayed potent anti-HIV activity with EC(50) values of 0.007 and 0.006 microM, respectively. These results are slightly better than that of bevirimat (2, 3',3'-dimethylsuccinylbetulinic acid), which is currently in phase IIb clinical trials. Compounds 47 and 48 should serve as attractive promising leads to develop next generation, metabolically stable, 3,28-disubstituted bifunctional HIV-1 inhibitors as clinical trials candidates.
An efficient PWM technique for split phase induction motor operation using dual voltage source inverters (2002)

A PWM (pulse width modulation) strategy is proposed for a split phase induction motor drive, where at low speeds each of the inverters is operated with conventional three-phase space phasor modulation, thereby avoiding fifth and seventh harmonics in the motor voltage. At the higher end of the speed range a voltage space phasor modulation based on the twelve-sided polygonal vertices is used, so that the benefit of a higher speed in the modulation range is retained. A technique for achieving the transition to that range without current transients is proposed. The scheme is verified through computer simulation, using a space-phasor-based model of the split phase motor. Details of a practical control circuit for voltage space-phasor-based PWM pulse generation are presented, and the results from an experimental drive are highlighted.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A route to heat resistant solid membranes with performances of liquid electrolytes (2005)

The confinement of ionic liquids within a porous silica matrix was performed by a one-step non-hydrolytic sol-gel route, leading to hybrid materials (called "ionogels") featuring both the mechanical and transparency properties of silica gels and the high ionic conductivity and thermal stability of ionic liquids.
Effects of Vitamin A Deficiency and Repletion on Rat Glucagon Secretion (1994)

To determine whether vitamin A is involved in pancreatic alpha cell function, we tested for (a) effects of vitamin A deficiency on glucagon release from perifused islets and perfused pancreases, and (b) the presence of cytosolic retinol-binding proteins (CRBP) and retinoic acid-binding proteins (CRABP), in the glucagon-secreting alpha cell line, ln-R1-G9. Arginine 19 mM plus glucose 2.8 mM-stimulated glucagon secretion was markedly impaired in islets and pancreases of vitamin A-deficient rats or rats that had at some time been cycled through vitamin A deficiency (ever A-def) despite repletion with retinoids for 2-4 weeks. Insulin secretion was impaired likewise. Repletion starting early in the development of vitamin A deficiency and for a longer period of time (18 or 60 days) did not restore glucagon secretion, but did normalize insulin secretion. CRBP and CRABP were present in ln-R1-G9 cells. We conclude that (a) vitamin A deficiency is associated with a defect in glucagon secretion; (b) The defect in secretion occurs early in the course of vitamin A deficiency; (c) The defect persists despite repletion; and (d) The requirement of vitamin A for secretion and the presence of CRBP and CRABP in glucagon-secreting cells support a physiologic role for vitamin A at the alpha cell level.
The relationship between cisplatin resistance and histone deacetylase isoform overexpression in epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines (2012)

In SKOV3 and OVCAR3 epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines, the correlation between HDAC overexpression and cisplatin resistance was confirmed. However, the specific HDAC isoform associated with resistance to cisplatin varied depending on the ovarian cancer cell line. These results may suggest that each HDAC isoform conveys cisplatin resistance via different mechanisms.
Fall prevention with supplemental and active forms of vitamin D: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (2009)

Supplemental vitamin D in a dose of 700-1000 IU a day reduced the risk of falling among older individuals by 19% and to a similar degree as active forms of vitamin D. Doses of supplemental vitamin D of less than 700 IU or serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations of less than 60 nmol/l may not reduce the risk of falling among older individuals.
Virtual machines CPU monitoring with kernel tracing (2014)

Virtualization is increasingly prevalent in modern computer systems and in large data centers. Cloud computing, based on providing clients with virtual machines, is growing at a rapid pace. We use kernel tracing in order to help Cloud administrators to efficiently monitor resource usage by virtual machines, coexisting on physical machines and competing for their resources. The new proposed analysis displays, for each virtual machine, its state along the time axis, and thus the time spent executing each process as well as preemption. This is used to point out latency problems specific to system virtualization.
Differentiation from in vitro culture of Ananas comosus (1978)

Various parts of A1canas comosus, (young syncarp, anther, axillary bud of sucker or slip, small crown and small slip) were cultured on the media, containing 1-10 mg/l of naphtaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BA). Except anther, all parts examined produced nodular body or globular body difEerent from so-called callus but resembled with protocorm. The nodular body and globular body grew vigorously and induced numerous plants on the media with 2 mg/l of NAA and BA. Their ability to differentiate into plants did not vanish or decrease after several subcultures. Over 400 differentiated plants have grown on the soil in a greenhouse, and some of them showed varied characters. These results sugrgest the possibility that tissue culture technique may contribute to pineapple breeding with respect to both rapid propagation and induction of new characters.
Future Directions: New Targets (2009)

The biology of endometrial cancer is providing new therapeutic targets. In this chapter we review (a) how the integration of chemotherapy has been taking place; (b) new targeted therapies and immunotherapies being tested in the treatment of these malignancies; (c) new targets worthy of consideration based on the biology of uterine cancers; (d) other consequences such as of these advances and the reduction of morbidity and toxicity associated with past practices; and (e) other special entities and issues to be considered.
Minimizing the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio of OFDM Signals Using Convex Optimization (2006)

The main disadvantage of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is the high time-domain peak-to-average power ratio (PAR) that limits transmitter power efficiency. Assuming no changes in receiver structure, the transmitter can only reduce PAR by distorting the data carriers or by adding power to the free carriers. This paper shows that the OFDM signal with globally minimum PAR, subject to constraints on the allowed constellation error and the free carrier power, can be efficiently computed using convex optimization. Simulation results are presented for the 802.11a/g wireless local-area network standard. The globally minimum PAR, subject to the constellation error constraint, ranges from 0.7 dB for 6-Mbps binary phase-shift keying to 4.1 dB for 54-Mbps 64-QAM. Tradeoff analysis shows that the free carrier power can be drastically reduced by backing off from this globally minimum PAR by less than 1 dB. A customized interior-point method (IPM) is derived for solving the OFDM optimization problem. The IPM reaches the desired tradeoff between PAR and free carrier power within two iterations, where the main computational complexity per iteration is four fast Fourier transforms plus the solution of a linear system of equations. The customized IPM is about 100 times faster than a general-purpose optimization algorithm
Neurogrid: Emulating a Million Neurons in the Cortex (2006)

Summary form only given, as follows. The complete presentation was not made available for publication as part of the conference proceedings. I will present a proposal for Neurogrid, a specialized hardware platform that will perform cortex-scale emulations while offering software-like flexibility. Recent breakthroughs in brain mapping present an unprecedented opportunity to understand how the brain works, with profound implications for society. To interpret these richly growing observations, we have to build models—the only way to test our understanding—since building a real brain out of biological parts is currently infeasible. Neurogrid will emulate (simulate in realtime) one million neurons connected by six billion synapses with Analog VLSI techniques, matching the performance of a one-megawatt, 500-teraflop supercomputer while consuming less than one watt. Neurogrid will provide the programmability required to implement various models, replicate experimental manipulations (and controls), and elucidate mechanisms by augmenting Analog VLSI with Digital VLSI, a mixed-mode approach that combines the best of both worlds. Realizing programmability without sacrificing scale or real-time operation will make it possible to replicate tasks laboratory animals perform in biologically realistic models for the first time, which my lab plans to pursue in close collaboration with neurophysiologists.
SLAMF6 deficiency augments tumor killing and skews toward an effector phenotype revealing it as a novel T cell checkpoint (2020)

SLAMF6 is a homotypic receptor of the Ig-superfamily whose exact role in immune modulation has remained elusive. Its constitutive expression on resting and activated T cells precludes it from being a <i>bona fide</i> exhaustion marker. By breeding Pmel-1 mice with SLAMF6 -/- mice, we generated donors for T cells lacking SLAMF6 and expressing a transgenic TCR for gp100-melanoma antigen. Activated Pmel-1xSLAMF6 -/- CD8+ T cells displayed improved polyfunctionality and strong tumor cytolysis. T-bet was the dominant transcription factor in Pmel-1 x SLAMF6 -/- cells, and upon activation, they acquired an effector-memory phenotype. Adoptive transfer of Pmel-1 x SLAMF6 -/- T cells to melanoma-bearing mice resulted in lasting tumor regression in contrast to temporary responses achieved with Pmel-1 T cells. LAG-3 expression was elevated in the SLAMF6 -/- cells, and the addition of the LAG-3-blocking antibody to the adoptive transfer protocol improved the SLAMF6 -/- T cells and expedited the antitumor response even further. The results from this study support the notion that SLAMF6 is an inhibitory immune receptor whose absence enables powerful CD8+ T cells to eradicate tumors.
Analog to Digital Conversion: A Practical Approach (1995)

Passive support components active support components low-cost microcontroller A/D techniques single and multi-sloped A/D successive approximation flash A/D converters delta-sigma/over sampling A/Ds system error analysis and control.
Malignant Hyperthermia in a Greyhound (1978)

A rapid rise in rectal temperature (to 45 C) in a young male Greyhound was attributed to the use of halothane and succinylcholine. Circulatory failure and death occurred within approximately 90 minutes of the onset of the hyperthermia.
A quantitative assay for transformation of bone marrow cells by Abelson murine leukemia virus. (1976)

A quantitative Abelson murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV) lymphoid cell transformation assay has been developed using a semisolid agarose culture system. Under these conditions lymphoid cell transformation was shown to vary linearly with the dose of A-MuLV used. The susceptibility of bone marrow cells from different strains of mice to A-MuLV-induced transformation can be estimated using the agarose assay. Strains with bone marrow cells of high, medium, and low susceptibility to A-MuLV can be identified. The assay has been used to study the susceptibility of cells from lymphoid organs of fetal and adult mice to A-MuLV. Cell suspensions from fetal liver, adult bone marrow, and adult spleen are susceptible to A-MuLV, while thymocytes are resistant to A-MuLV-induced transformation. Bovine serum albumin gradient fractionation of bone marrow cells before infection with A-MuLV demonstrates that the majority of A-MuLV-sensitive cells are recovered in a broad band partially overlapping the majority of the nucleated cells. The agarose assay system allows study of A-MuLV-lymphoid cell interaction at the level of single cell-single virus particle interaction.
Collaborative creation of semantic points of interest as linked data on the mobile phone (2010)

The novel mobile application csxPOI (short for: collaborative, semantic, and context-aware points-of-interest) enables its users to collaboratively create, share, and modify semantic points of interest (POI). Semantic POIs describe geographic places with explicit semantic properties of a collaboratively created ontology. As the ontology includes multiple subclassifications and instantiations and as it links to DBpedia, the richness of annotation goes far beyond mere textual annotations such as text. With the intuitive interface of csxPOI, users can easily create, delete, and modify their POIs and those shared by others. Thereby, the users adapt the structure of the ontology underlying the semantic annotations of the POIs. Data mining techniques are employed to cluster and thus improve the quality of the collaboratively created POIs. The semantic POIs and collaborative POI ontology are published as Linked Open Data.
MIMO-DFE based BLAST over frequency selective channels (2002)

A BLAST receiver architecture based on the MIMO-DFE (multiple-input-multiple-out decision feedback equalizer) is proposed to combat FS (frequency selective) channels. At each stage of detection, an MIMO-DFE in the MMSE sense is employed to estimate signals simultaneously, and multiple signal streams are selected for output and contribute to interference cancellation. The MIMO-DFE based BLAST promises a performance advantage over the MISO-DFE (multiple-input-single-output DFE) based BLAST where a MISO-DFE is used at each stage. It is also shown that the MIMO-DFE based BLAST requires less complexity than the MISO-DFE based BLAST because fewer equalizer stages and less computation for ordering signals are required.
Besonderheiten in der Theorie der linearen Übertragung zeitdiskreter Signale mit Taktumsetzung bei rationalem Taktverhältnis (Teil I) (1982)

Article Besonderheiten in der Theorie der linearen Übertragung zeitdiskreter Signale mit Taktumsetzung bei rationalem Taktverhältnis (Teil I) was published on October 1, 1982 in the journal Frequenz (volume 36, issue 10).
Del voluntarismo jurídico a la razón práctica del derecho (2020)

Se analizan las conexiones entre razón y voluntad con el derecho como facultades humanas que han sido definidas de formas distintas por varios autores, dichas precisiones se proyectan al campo jurídico de diversas maneras. Se asocia elementalmente a la razón con la capacidad de conocer “teóricamente” diciendo cómo son las cosas y estructurando razonamientos o “práctica- mente” discerniendo y dirigiendo la conducta y la voluntad con la capacidad de querer y concretar las operaciones humanas. En términos kantianos, la razón teórica quiere discernir qué es lo que podemos conocer, mientras que la razón práctica indica cómo debemos actuar.