gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reduction of opioid dependence by the CB<sub>1</sub> antagonist SR141716A in mice: evaluation of the interest in pharmacotherapy of opioid addiction (2001)

Several compounds, mainly opioid agonists such as methadone, are currently used for long term medication of heroin addicts. Nevertheless, these maintenance treatments have the disadvantage to induce a dependence to another opiate. As interactions between opioid and cannabinoid systems have been demonstrated, the ability of the CB(1) antagonist, SR141716A to reduce morphine-induced addiction was investigated. The effects of SR141716A on the rewarding responses of morphine were evaluated in the place conditioning paradigm. No significant conditioned preference or aversion were observed after repeated treatment with the CB(1) antagonist alone. However, SR141716A was able to antagonize the acquisition of morphine-induced conditioned place preference. SR141716A was co-administered with morphine for 5 days, and the withdrawal syndrome was precipitated by naloxone administration. A reduction in the incidence of two main signs of abstinence: wet dog shakes and jumping was observed while the other were not significantly modified. In contrast, an acute injection of the CB(1) antagonist just before naloxone administration was unable to modify the incidence of the behavioural manifestations of the withdrawal, suggesting that only chronic blockade of CB(1) receptors is able to reduce morphine-induced physical dependence. Several biochemical mechanisms could explain the reduction of opioid dependence by CB(1) antagonists. Whatever the hypotheses, this study supports the reported interaction between the endogenous cannabinoid and opioid systems, and suggests that SR 141716A warrants further investigations for a possible use in opioid addiction.
Amide Ion Formation and <i>N</i>-Alkylation of Aminoanthraquinones in the Presence of Potassium Hydroxide in Dimethyl Sulfoxide (1985)

Abstract Amide ions were formed by the deprotonation of the amino group of amino- and (monoalkylamino)anthraquinones in the presence of powdered potassium hydroxide in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Under a nitrogen atmosphere these amide ions changed to their radical anions. The amide ions of 1-aminoanthraquinones reacted with excess alkyl halides to yield 1-alkylaminoanthraquinones, while the N-alkylation of 2-aminoanthraquinones afforded 2-dialkylaminoanthraquinones in good yields. 2-Aminobenzophenone underwent mono-N-alkylation, while 4-aminoazobenzene and p-nitroaniline underwent di-N-alkylation. It was also found that the carbanion of DMSO easily attacked the carbonyl group of the (dialkylamino)anthraquinones.
Robotic assembly: a synthesizing overview (1987)

SUMMARY Robotic assembly systems offer tremendous promise for the flexible assembly automation but present a variety of complex research issues due to the positioning inaccuracy of the manipulator, dimensional variation of mating parts and their physical interactions. This paper provides an up-to-date survey of researches in robotic assembly with emphasis on parts mating technology. Depending upon the mating strategy, presently available methods of performing precision assembly operations are classified and their advantages and limitations are discussed from the view points of the system complexity, adaptability and reliability. The performance variables such as the mating speed, positioning error absorbing capability and applicability are compared in some details for various assembly methods.
Sentinel: Efficient Tensor Migration and Allocation on Heterogeneous Memory Systems for Deep Learning (2021)

Memory capacity is a major bottleneck for training deep neural networks (DNN). Heterogeneous memory (HM) combining fast and slow memories provides a promising direction to increase memory capacity. However, HM imposes challenges on tensor migration and allocation for high performance DNN training. Prior work heavily relies on DNN domain knowledge, unnecessarily causes tensor migration due to page-level false sharing, and wastes fast memory space. We present Sentinel, a software runtime system that automatically optimizes tensor management on HM. Sentinel uses dynamic profiling, and coordinates operating system (OS) and runtime-level profiling to bridge the semantic gap between OS and applications, which enables tensor-level profiling. This profiling enables co-allocating tensors with similar lifetime and memory access frequency into the same pages. Such fine-grained profiling and tensor collocation avoids unnecessary data movement, improves tensor movement efficiency, and enables larger batch training because of saving in fast memory space. Sentinel reduces fast memory consumption by 80% while retaining comparable performance to fast memory-only system; Sentinel consistently outperforms a state-of-the-art solution on CPU by 37% and two state-of-the-art solutions on GPU by 2x and 21% respectively in training throughput.
Products and kinetics of decarboxylation of activated and unactivated aromatic cuprous carboxylates in pyridine and in quinoline (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProducts and kinetics of decarboxylation of activated and unactivated aromatic cuprous carboxylates in pyridine and in quinolineTheodore Cohen, Ronald W. Berninger, and John T. WoodCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 5, 837–848Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00399a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00399a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1448Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Orthogonal superposition measurements using a rheometer equipped with a force rebalanced transducer (1997)

The design of a device for rheological orthogonal superposition measurements on fluids is discussed. Superposing a small amplitude oscillatory motion on a steady or transient shear flow provides a technique to probe flow-induced microstructural changes in situ by means of mechanical spectroscopy. Oscillations perpendicular to the main shear flow possess intrinsic advantages over the parallel case. It is shown that the closed loop system of a force rebalanced transducer of an existing rheometer can be modified to drive an orthogonal oscillatory motion and to measure the material response. Nonhomogeneous flow, annular pumping or cavitation can occur and have to be avoided by means of a suitable flow cell. A double walled Couette cell, open at the bottom is suggested for that purpose. The device is evaluated with Newtonian fluids and with a viscoelastic polymer solution. The apparatus has two major advantages. First the forces associated with the main shear flow can be measured simultaneously with the orthogonal moduli. Second, the present design is implemented on an instrument already capable of performing parallel superposition measurements, hence the two superposition modes are available on a single instrument. The relative simplicity of the proposed modification could boost the use of orthogonal superposition measurements and facilitate the development of new applications, e.g., to probe the time evolution of the flow-induced anisotropy in complex systems.
Metformin Inhibits the Growth of Human Pancreatic Cancer Xenografts (2013)

The studies presented here provide further evidence indicating that metformin offers a potential novel approach for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma prevention and therapy.
fa zhan jing zhun nong ye shi xian nong min zeng shou (2003)

一、精准农业势在必行 精准农业目的是提高农业生产效率,改进农产品质量,保护能源环境,使土壤和水资源达到最有效的保护和利用。 哈密地区人均占有耕地仅有4.2(666.7米~2),由于受耕地资源限制和水资源匮乏的约束,仅靠农业的外延性扩大再生产来拉动农民增收已不实际,这就迫使我们要充分挖掘现有耕地的潜力,生产特色突出、科技含量高、成本低、效益高,具有较强的市场竞争力的农产品。
Relationship between Volatiles and Other Factors Indicating Quality of Melon (Cucumis Melo L. cv. Prince Melon) during Fruit Development and Storage (2003)

‘Prince Melon’ (Cucumis melo var. reticulatus Naud × Cucumis melo var. makuwa Mak.) was analyzed to determine the relationship among refractometer index, sugar content and volatile compound evolution during developmental and postharvest stage of the fruit. All the components were increased during development up to 34 days after anthesis. Among sugars, only sucrose increased parallel with total sugar and refractometer index. Refractometer index and total sugar in early picked fruit (20 days after anthesis) and in matured fruit (27 days after anthesis) were almost constant during storage at 20 ℃, although sucrose concentration of mature fruit increased at the 5 th days from the start of storage and then decreased gradually toward 15 days from the start of storage. Volatiles, mainly esters, emanated very little from early picked fruit at harvested day, but the production increased in significant level during the storage. Volatile production from mature fruit was already high at harvesting time and fluctuated that level depend on individual ester during storage. The correlation between refractometer index and volatiles production was high in developing stages, while the correlation was very poor during storage at 20 ℃ in both early picked and mature fruit. These results revealed that volatile would become good indicator for fruit quality at picking time without any destruction. However, volatile can not be a good indicator for storage period and also on the shelf in retail market.
Removal efficiency of the constructed wetland wastewater treatment system at Bainikeng, Shenzhen (1995)

In this paper, three years study on a constructed wetland wastewater treatment system at Bainikeng, Shenzhen, is reviewed and summarized. The wetland system under study occupies an area of 8400m2, with a design flow of 3100 m3 per day. The study was conducted to understand removal efficiencies of constructed wetland systems for municipal wastewaters from small or medium scale towns in the sub-tropics. Such parameters as biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus in the influent and effluent of the wetland system are examined, and their removal rates are determined. It is shown that the system is very effective in removing organic pollutants and suspended solids and its removal efficiency is much similar to those of the constructed wetlands at Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) (Choate et al., 1990) while better than those of conventional secondary biochemical treatments.
New Double-Layer-per-Phase Isolated Switched Reluctance Motor: Concept, Numerical Analysis, and Experimental Confirmation (2011)

This paper presents a new configuration for switched reluctance motor (SRM) which can be proposed as a suitable candidate for high-torque and low-flux-leakage SRMs. Unlike the conventional SRMs, this configuration has no direct windings wrapped on the stator poles. This motor consists of three different sets, and each set has one concentric independent winding, two layers of the stator poles, and three layers of the rotor poles in which the middle rotor layer acts as a core for phase winding. To evaluate the motor performance, two types of analysis, namely, numerical technique and experimental study, have been utilized. In the numerical analysis, the 3-D finite-element method is employed, whereas in the experimental study, a prototype motor has been fabricated and tested in the laboratory. Finally, experimental results are compared to conventional SRM to verify the advantages of the proposed motor and show its applicability.
Mechanisms and clinical relevance of antagonism between beta-lactam antibiotics. (1985)

The author discussed the problem of antagonism between combined antibiotics. Several examples of antagonistic combinations between cefoxitin plus moxalactam, or carbenicillin were cited in the literature. This phenomenon may occur especially with Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Citrobacter spp. and Serratia marcescens: in these species induction of chromosomally mediated beta-lactamase by certain potent inducers such as cefoxitin has been suggested as the main mechanism of antagonism. Competition for binding sites (PBPs) or diminished permeability that alter susceptibility to beta-lactams, may be less likely acceptable hypotheses for double beta-lactam combination antagonism. These in vitro interactions may have clinical relevance; however even if studies in animal models showed a few examples of in vivo antagonism, the actual clinical significance of interactions between beta-lactams requires further thorough controlled clinical studies.
Hindsight helps: deterministic task scheduling with backtracking (2002)

This paper considers the problem of scheduling a set of precedence-related tasks on a nonpreemptive homogeneous message-passing multiprocessors system in order to minimize the makespan, that is, the completion time of the last task relative to start time of the first task. We propose family of scheduling algorithms, called IPR for immediate predecessor rescheduling, which utilize one level of backtracking. We also develop a unifying framework to facilitate the comparison between our results and the various models and algorithms that have been previously studied. We show, both theoretically and experimentally, that the IPR algorithms out-perform previous algorithms in terms of both time complexity and the makespans of the resulting schedules. Moreover our simulation results indicate that the relative advantage of the IPR algorithms increases as the communication constraint is relaxed.
Regulation of Minichromosome Maintenance Gene Family by MicroRNA-1296 and Genistein in Prostate Cancer (2010)

The minichromosome maintenance (MCM) gene family is essential for DNA replication and is frequently upregulated in various cancers. Here, we examined the role of MCM2 in prostate cancer and the effect of microRNA-1296 (miR-1296), genistein, and trichostatin A (TSA) on the MCM complex. Profiling results showed that expression of MCM genes was higher in tumor samples. Genistein and TSA significantly downregulated the expression of all MCM genes. Genistein, TSA, and small interfering RNA duplexes caused a significant decrease in the S phase of the cell cycle. There was also downregulation of CDT1, CDC7, and CDK2 genes, which govern loading of the MCM complex on chromatin. We also found that miR-1296 was significantly downregulated in prostate cancer samples. In PC3 cells, inhibition of miR-1296 upregulated both MCM2 mRNA and protein, whereas overexpression caused a significant decrease in MCM2 mRNA, protein, and the S phase of the cell cycle. MCM genes are excellent anticancer drug targets because they are essential DNA replication factors that are highly expressed in cancer cells. This is the first report showing anti-MCM effect by miR-1296, genistein, and TSA. TSA is undergoing clinical trials as a prostate cancer treatment but has high toxicity. Genistein, a natural, nontoxic dietary isoflavone, may be an advantageous therapeutic agent for treating prostate cancer. The use of RNA interference is currently being implemented as a gene-specific approach for molecular medicine. The specific downregulation of oncogenes by miR may contribute to novel therapeutic approaches in the treatment of prostate cancer.
In-Situ, On-Demand Lubrication System for Space Mechanisms (2003)

Many of today's spaceraft have long mission lifetimes. Whatever the lubrication method selected, the initial lubricant charge is required to last the entire mission. Fluid lubricant losses are mainly due to evaporation, tribo-degradation, and oil creep out of the tribological regions. In the past, several techniques were developed to maintain the appropriate amount of oil in the system. They were based on oil reservoirs (cartridges, impregnated porous parts), barrier films, and labyrinth seals. Nevertheless, all these systems have had limited success or have not established a proven record for space missions. The system reported here provides to the ball-race contact fresh lubricant in-situ and on demand when the ball bearing is close to failure. The lubricant is stored in a porous cartridge attached to the inner or the outer ring of a ball bearing. The oil is released by heating the cartridge to eject oil, taking advantage of the greater thermal expansion of the oil compared to the porous network. The heating may be activated by torque increases that signal the depletion of oil in the contact. The low surface tension of the oil compared to the ball bearing material is utilized and the close proximity of the cartridge to the moving balls allows the lubricant to reach the ball-race contacts. This oil re-supply system avoided a mechanism failure, reduced torque to an acceptable level, and extended the life of the component.
An Integrated Slot-Ring Traveling-Wave Radiator (2015)

Electromagnetic duality is used to design a multi-port traveling-wave slot-ring antenna with on-chip driver circuitry to create a fully integrated radiator. By creating a slot version of the multi-port driven antenna, the required exclusive use area of the antenna is significantly decreased, while still being able to perform impedance matching, power combining, and power transfer off chip through electromagnetic radiation in a single step. The driver core consists of an oscillator followed by three amplification stages. A split path inductor design was utilized to reduce the radiator's dependence on process variation in the metal stack while ensuring proper isolation between the four quadrature paths. The slot radiator has a simulated antenna efficiency of 39% and a measured single-element effective isotropic radiated power of 6.0 dBm with a total radiated power of -1.3 dBm at 134.5 GHz.
Vascular smooth muscle cell growth‐promoting factor/F‐spondin inhibits angiogenesis via the blockade of integrin αvβ3 on vascular endothelial cells (2001)

Vascular smooth muscle cell growth-promoting factor (VSGP) was originally isolated from bovine ovarian follicular fluid as a stimulator of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Homology searches indicate that bovine and human VSGPs are orthologs of rat F-spondin. Here, we examined whether recombinant human VSGP/F-spondin affected the biological activities of endothelial cells. VSGP/F-spondin did not affect the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs); however, it did inhibit VEGF- or bFGF-stimulated HUVEC migration. To clarify the mechanism of this inhibitory effect, we examined the adhesion of HUVECs to extracellular matrix proteins. VSGP/F-spondin specifically inhibited the spreading of HUVECs on vitronectin via the functional blockade of integrin alphavbeta3. As a result, VSGP/F-spondin inhibited the tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) when HUVECs were plated on vitronectin. Moreover, VSGP/F-spondin inhibited the activation of Akt when HUVECs on vitronectin were stimulated with VEGF. VSGP/F-spondin inhibited tube formation by HUVECs in vitro and neovascularization in the rat cornea in vivo. These results indicate that VSGP/F-spondin inhibits angiogenesis at least in part by the blockade of endothelial integrin alphavbeta3.
Modification of glass ionomer cements on their physical‐mechanical and antimicrobial properties (2018)

As the modification of glass ionomer cement with different material improved the physical-mechanical and antimicrobial properties, it could be used as restorative material for wider application in dentistry.
Predicting antigen specificity of single T cells based on <scp>TCR CDR</scp> 3 regions (2020)

It has recently become possible to simultaneously assay T-cell specificity with respect to large sets of antigens and the T-cell receptor sequence in high-throughput single-cell experiments. Leveraging this new type of data, we propose and benchmark a collection of deep learning architectures to model T-cell specificity in single cells. In agreement with previous results, we found that models that treat antigens as categorical outcome variables outperform those that model the TCR and antigen sequence jointly. Moreover, we show that variability in single-cell immune repertoire screens can be mitigated by modeling cell-specific covariates. Lastly, we demonstrate that the number of bound pMHC complexes can be predicted in a continuous fashion providing a gateway to disentangle cell-to-dextramer binding strength and receptor-to-pMHC affinity. We provide these models in the Python package TcellMatch to allow imputation of antigen specificities in single-cell RNA-seq studies on T cells without the need for MHC staining.
Overcoming Symmetry Mismatch in Vaccine Nanoassembly through Spontaneous Amidation (2020)

Matching of symmetry at interfaces is a fundamental obstacle in molecular assembly. Virus-like particles (VLPs) are important vaccine platforms against pathogenic threats, including Covid-19. However, symmetry mismatch can prohibit vaccine nanoassembly. We established an approach for coupling VLPs to diverse antigen symmetries. SpyCatcher003 enabled efficient VLP conjugation and extreme thermal resilience. Many people had pre-existing antibodies to SpyTag:SpyCatcher but less to the 003 variants. We coupled the computer-designed VLP not only to monomers (SARS-CoV-2) but also to cyclic dimers (Newcastle disease, Lyme disease), trimers (influenza hemagglutinins), and tetramers (influenza neuraminidases). Even an antigen with dihedral symmetry could be displayed. For the global challenge of influenza, SpyTag-mediated display of trimer and tetramer antigens strongly induced neutralizing antibodies. SpyCatcher003 conjugation enables nanodisplay of diverse symmetries towards generation of potent vaccines.