gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Secretion of an Inhibitor of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Binding to Receptor by the Bacteria Serratia, Including a Strain Isolated From Porcine Follicular Fluid (1984)

Bacterial growth in contaminated porcine follicular fluid (PFF) was associated with increased concentrations of a large molecular weight (Mr greater than 6000) inhibitor (FSH-BI) of 125I-FSH binding to calf testis membranes (Sluss and Reichert, 1983). We undertook to identify the bacteria and to determine if the inhibitor was a secretory product. Only one of 39 pure bacterial colonies isolated from PFF generated FSH-BI. The bacterium was tentatively identified as Serratia liquifaciens and was subsequently shown to also secrete FSH-BI when grown in synthetic culture media. Serratia liquifaciens from PFF secreted FSH-BI in a minimal culture medium containing only glucose as a carbon source. Other bacteria, including strains of Pseudomonas and Streptococcus did not secrete FSH-BI in either sterile PFF or synthetic culture media. Six strains of Serratia, obtained from the American Type Culture Collection, also secreted FSH-BI. FSH-BI secreted by Serratia liquifaciens was inactivated by heat (T 1/2 = 30 min at 60 degrees C), exposure to pH 2 (2 h at 25 degrees C) and was insoluble in ether, 75% acetone or 40% ammonium sulfate. Protease activity, using a casein substrate, was undetected in doses of FSH-BI which effectively (50%) inhibited 125I-FSH binding. Initial studies suggested that FSH-BI was due to effects on membranes rather than on the radioligand. These data demonstrate that Serratia liquifaciens isolated from PFF secretes a substance of Mr greater than 6000 which inhibits receptor binding of 125I-hFSH. Furthermore, the FSH-BI appears to be secreted constitutively by all (7) strains of Serratia tested.
Novel Thermoplastic Elastomers: Polyisobutylene-block-polyamide Multiblocks (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel Thermoplastic Elastomers: Polyisobutylene-block-polyamide MultiblocksBernd Zaschke and Joseph P. KennedyCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 13, 4426–4432Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00117a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00117a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views353Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Functional Antibodies Targeting IsaA of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Augment Host Immune Response and Open New Perspectives for Antibacterial Therapy (2010)

Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of nosocomial infections. Multiple antibiotic resistance and severe clinical outcomes provide a strong rationale for development of immunoglobulin-based strategies. Traditionally, novel immunological approaches against bacterial pathogens involve antibodies directed against cell surface-exposed virulence-associated epitopes or toxins. In this study, we generated a monoclonal antibody targeting the housekeeping protein IsaA, a suggested soluble lytic transglycosylase of S. aureus, and tested its therapeutic efficacy in two experimental mouse infection models. A murine anti-IsaA antibody of the IgG1 subclass (UK-66P) showed the highest binding affinity in Biacore analysis. This antibody recognized all S. aureus strains tested, including hospital-acquired and community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains. Therapeutic efficacy in vivo in mice was analyzed using a central venous catheter-related infection model and a sepsis survival model. In both models, anti-IsaA IgG1 conferred protection against staphylococcal infection. Ex vivo, UK-66P activates professional phagocytes and induces highly microbicidal reactive oxygen metabolites in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in bacterial killing. The study provides proof of concept that monoclonal IgG1 antibodies with high affinity to the ubiquitously expressed, single-epitope-targeting IsaA are effective in the treatment of staphylococcal infection in different mouse models. Anti-IsaA antibodies might be a useful component in an antibody-based therapeutic for prophylaxis or adjunctive treatment of human cases of S. aureus infections.
Hemocompatibility of super-repellent surfaces: current and future (2019)

Virtually all blood-contacting medical implants and devices initiate immunological events in the form of thrombosis and inflammation. Typically, patients receiving such implants are also given large doses of anticoagulants, which pose a high risk and a high cost to the patient. Thus, the design and development of surfaces with improved hemocompatibility and reduced dependence on anticoagulation treatments is paramount for the success of blood-contacting medical implants and devices. In the past decade, the hemocompatibility of super-repellent surfaces (i.e., surfaces that are extremely repellent to liquids) has been extensively investigated because such surfaces greatly reduce the blood-material contact area, which in turn reduces the area available for protein adsorption and blood cell or platelet adhesion, thereby offering the potential for improved hemocompatibility. In this review, we critically examine the progress made in characterizing the hemocompatibility of super-repellent surfaces, identify the unresolved challenges and highlight the opportunities for future research on developing medical implants and devices with super-repellent surfaces.
Novel Sparse-Coded Ambient Backscatter Communication for Massive IoT\n Connectivity (2018)

Low-power ambient backscatter communication (AmBC) relying on radio-frequency\n(RF) energy harvesting is an energy-efficient solution for batteryless Internet\nof things (IoT). However, ambient backscatter signals are severely faded by\ndyadic backscatter channel (DBC), limiting connectivity in conventional\northogonal time-division-based AmBC (TD-AmBC). In order to support massive\nconnectivity in AmBC, we propose sparse-coded AmBC (SC-AmBC) based on\nnon-orthogonal signaling. Sparse code utilizes inherent sparsity of AmBC where\npower supplies of RF tags rely on ambient RF energy harvesting. Consequently,\nsparse-coded backscatter modulation algorithm (SC-BMA) can enable\nnon-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) as well as M-ary modulation for\nconcurrent backscatter transmissions, providing additional diversity gain.\nThese sparse codewords from multiple tags can be efficiently detected at access\npoint (AP) using iterative message passing algorithm (MPA). To overcome DBC\nalong with intersymbol interference (ISI), we propose dyadic channel estimation\nalgorithm (D-CEA) and dyadic MPA (D-MPA) exploiting weighted-sum of the ISI for\ninformation exchange in factor graph. Simulation results validate the potential\nof the SC-AmBC in terms of connectivity, detection performance and sum\nthroughput.\n
Open-circuit voltage photodetector architecture for infrared imagers (2020)

We theoretically and experimentally investigate the application of an open-circuit voltage photodetector (VocP) architecture for mid-wave infrared (MWIR, 3–5 μm) detection and imaging. In contrast to conventional reverse-bias (RB) operation of the diode, which generates a photocurrent that is proportional to the photon irradiance, we evaluate the potential of using unbiased diodes that generate an open-circuit voltage, VOC, under illumination. The predicted Noise Equivalent Differential Temperature (NEDT) of a VocP is inferior to conventional RB when we assume an infinite well capacity and fixed integration time, but the prediction reverses when the actual well capacity of a readout integrated circuit (ROIC) is taken into account. Therefore, for a focal plane array (FPA) with a ROIC, we predict superior NEDT for the VocP. To demonstrate this concept, we fabricated and tested a basic VocP unit-cell architecture by connecting the VOC anode of a MWIR photodiode to the gate of an n-type metal-oxide semiconductor transistor that is operated in sub-threshold. Very good agreement is obtained between the analytical model and the observed drain current of the transistor over three orders of photon irradiance (1015–1018 photons/sec-cm2). The decoupling of the diode photocurrent from the integration capacitor in the circuit leads to a lower dark current that allows for longer integration times and improved sensitivity. This potentially can have a great impact on the performance and functionality of FPAs, leading to FPAs with better NEDT at a higher operating temperature, wider dynamic range, and smaller pixel size leading to larger array formats.
Micellar Affinity Gradient Focusing:  A New Method for Electrokinetic Focusing (2004)

This report describes a new method for the concentration and separation of neutral and/or hydrophobic analytes based on a combination of the analytes' electrophoretic mobility, and affinity for partitioning into a micellar phase. Micellar affinity gradient focusing (MAGF) works by creating a gradient in the micellar retention factor. An electric field is applied along the channel to cause the (negatively charged) micelles to move from the region of high retention to the region of low retention, and the mobile phase is forced to move from the region of low retention to the region of high retention. Consequently, the analyte moves into the gradient region from both directions where it is concentrated at a point where its total velocity is zero. Different analytes, which interact differently with the micelles, will have zero total velocity at different points along the gradient, and will thereby be simultaneously concentrated and separated.
Allosteric Regulation of Mammalian Pantothenate Kinase (2016)

Pantothenate kinase is the master regulator of CoA biosynthesis and is feedback-inhibited by acetyl-CoA. Comparison of the human PANK3·acetyl-CoA complex to the structures of PANK3 in four catalytically relevant complexes, 5'-adenylyl-β,γ-imidodiphosphate (AMPPNP)·Mg<sup>2+</sup>, AMPPNP·Mg<sup>2+</sup>·pantothenate, ADP·Mg<sup>2+</sup>·phosphopantothenate, and AMP phosphoramidate (AMPPN)·Mg<sup>2+</sup>, revealed a large conformational change in the dimeric enzyme. The amino-terminal nucleotide binding domain rotates to close the active site, and this allows the P-loop to engage ATP and facilitates required substrate/product interactions at the active site. Biochemical analyses showed that the transition between the inactive and active conformations, as assessed by the binding of either ATP·Mg<sup>2+</sup> or acyl-CoA to PANK3, is highly cooperative indicating that both protomers move in concert. PANK3(G19V) cannot bind ATP, and biochemical analyses of an engineered PANK3/PANK3(G19V) heterodimer confirmed that the two active sites are functionally coupled. The communication between the two protomers is mediated by an α-helix that interacts with the ATP-binding site at its amino terminus and with the substrate/inhibitor-binding site of the opposite protomer at its carboxyl terminus. The two α-helices within the dimer together with the bound ligands create a ring that stabilizes the assembly in either the active closed conformation or the inactive open conformation. Thus, both active sites of the dimeric mammalian pantothenate kinases coordinately switch between the on and off states in response to intracellular concentrations of ATP and its key negative regulators, acetyl(acyl)-CoA.
Influenza A virus-specific aptamers screened by using an integrated microfluidic system (2014)

The influenza A virus is a notorious pathogen that causes high morbidity, high mortality, and even severe global pandemics. Early and rapid diagnosis of the virus is therefore crucial in preventing and controlling any influenza outbreaks. Recently, novel nucleic acid-based affinity reagents called aptamers have emerged as promising candidates for diagnostic assays as they offer several advantages over antibodies, including in vitro selection, chemical synthesis, thermal stability and relatively low costs. Aptamers with high sensitivity and specificity are generated via Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX), a process that is currently time-consuming, as well as labor- and resource-intensive. In this study, an integrated microfluidic system was developed and was successfully applied to screen a specific aptamer for the influenza A/H1N1 (InfA/H1N1) virus in an automated and highly efficient manner. The selected aptamer was implemented in a magnetic-bead assay, which demonstrated specific and sensitive detection of the InfA/H1N1 virus, even in biological samples such as throat swabs. Consequently, this specific aptamer presents a promising affinity reagent for clinical diagnosis of InfA/H1N1. This is the first demonstration of screening influenza virus-specific aptamers using the microfluidic SELEX technology, which may be expanded for the rapid screening of aptamers against other pathogens for future biomedical applications.
Towards a Comprehensive Diagnostic Assay for Scoliosis (2012)

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is one of the most common childhood deformities worldwide, characterized by a 3D spinal deformity with unknown cause, and represents both an immediate medical challenge and a chronic condition affecting individuals throughout their lives. The standard of care for scoliosis has not changed in any significant manner in decades. Patients today are treated in a substantially similar manner to those 20 or 30 years ago: observation, bracing and spinal surgery as last resort. Recent progress allow the identification of potential candidate genes, but the function of these still remains elusive and further efforts should be made to connect the predisposing genetic background to the physiopathology. To overcome that situation, we developed functional and biochemical assays that represent promising alternatives. They can help to understand the physiopathology of AIS and direct genetic studies, but more importantly they will contribute to an improved stratification of AIS patients, and thus lead to accurate personalized diagnoses, prognoses and treatment strategies.
How to reconstruct a large genetic network from <i>n</i> gene perturbations in fewer than <i>n</i>2 easy steps (2001)

wagnera@unm.edu
Vapor-Resistant Heat-Pipe Artery (1991)

Vapor lock in heat pipe delayed or prevented. Modifications of wick prevent flow of vapor into, or formation of vapor in, liquid-return artery. Small pores of fine-grained sintered wick help to prevent formation of large bubbles. Slotted tube offers few nucleation sites for bubbles. Improves return of liquid in heat pipe.
Thin Film Nitinol Covered Stents: Design and Animal Testing (2008)

Interventionalists in many specialties have the need for improved, low profile covered stents. Thin films of nitinol (<5-10 microns) could be used to improve current covered stent technology. A "hot target" sputter deposition technique was used to create thin films of nitinol for this study. Covered stents were created from commercially available balloon-inflatable and self-expanding stents. Stents were deployed in a laboratory flow loop and in four swine. Uncovered stent portions served as controls. Postmortem examinations were performed 2-6 weeks after implantation. In short-term testing, thin film nitinol covered stents deployed in the arterial circulation showed no intimal proliferation and were easily removed from the arterial wall postmortem. Scanning electron microscopy showed a thin layer of endothelial cells on the thin film, which covered the entire film by 3 weeks. By contrast, significant neointimal hyperplasia occurred on the luminal side of stents deployed in the venous circulation. Extremely low-profile covered stents can be manufactured using thin films of nitinol. Although long-term studies are needed, thin film nitinol may allow for the development of low-profile, nonthrombogenic covered stents.
A Low Cost Remote Cardiac Monitoring Framework for Rural Regions (2015)

Cardiovascular diseases in rural developing countries take a large toll of human lives, due to inadequate quality health care facilities and their limited reach to the patients. The burgeoning population of developing nations make the linear organic scaling of health care facilities impractical to c
Design considerations for the enhancement of human color vision by breaking binocular redundancy (2018)

To see color, the human visual system combines the response of three types of cone cells in the retina-a compressive process that discards a significant amount of spectral information. Here, we present designs based on thin-film optical filters with the goal of enhancing human color vision by breaking its inherent binocular redundancy, providing different spectral content to each eye. We fabricated a set of optical filters that "splits" the response of the short-wavelength cone between the two eyes in individuals with typical trichromatic vision, simulating the presence of approximately four distinct cone types. Such an increase in the number of effective cone types can reduce the prevalence of metamers-pairs of distinct spectra that resolve to the same tristimulus values. This technique may result in an enhancement of spectral perception, with applications ranging from camouflage detection and anti-counterfeiting to new types of artwork and data visualization.
Abstract 1674: Novel direct AMPK activator suppresses non-small cell lung cancer through inhibition of lipid metabolism (2018)

Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality. While non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common histological type of lung cancer and dominates almost 85% of all lung cancer cases. Conventional therapy, such as surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy, scarify normal cells during the curing progress are becoming unfavorable. To avoid harmful side-effect on normal cell, target-based therapy is the mainstream of modern cancer therapy. For example, gefitinib is a clinically-marketed drug which acts as tyrosine kinase inhibitor to inhibit epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating signaling pathway. For the NSCLC patients who harbor activating substitution from leucine to arginine at amino acid 858 (L858R) point mutation and in-frame exon 19 deletion on EGFR, response well to gefitinib and these two common mutation are used a biomarkers for gefitinib prescription. However, gefitinib-resistance commonly happens due to further substitution mutation from threonine to methionine at amino acid position 790 (T790M) occurred after one year or less gefitinib treatment. Therefore, developing new treatment strategy to tackle gefitinib-resistance is urgently. Abnormal energy metabolism is accepted as new cancer hallmark. Recently, a metabolism rate-limiting enzyme 5'-adenosine menophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has become a promising anti-cancer target. In this study, we have applied computational docking to perform in silico virtual screening, and we have identified a novel direct AMPK agonist, D561-0775 from a compound library. Using enzyme activation assay, we demonstrated that D561-0775 activates directly on AMPK α subunit. In addition, D561-0775 exhibited significant inhibitory effect on gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cell lines but is less cytotoxicity on normal lung fibroblast cells. D561-0775 also activates AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway, resulting in induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, suppressing glycolysis and cholesterol synthesis in gefitinib-resistant H1975 lung cancer cells. Taken together, D561-0775 has provided clue on a new chemical structure that could be developed as cancer drug for gefitinib-resistant NSCLC patients through inhibition lipid metabolism by directly targeting at AMPK directly. Acknowledgments: This work was supported by Macau Science and Technology Development Fund (Project No: 021/2013/A1, 074/2011/A3 & 082/2013/A3) Citation Format: Xi Chen, Chun Xie, Xing Xing Fan, Ze Bo Jiang, Vincent Wong, Jia Hui Xu, Xiao Jun Yao, Liang Liu, Elaine L. Leung. Novel direct AMPK activator suppresses non-small cell lung cancer through inhibition of lipid metabolism [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1674.
Stress-constrained topology optimization of lattice-like structures using component-wise reduced order models (2022)

Lattice-like structures can provide a combination of high stiffness with light weight that is useful in many applications, but a resolved finite element mesh of such structures results in a computationally expensive discretization. This computational expense may be particularly burdensome in many-query applications, such as optimization. We develop a stress-constrained topology optimization method for lattice-like structures that uses component-wise reduced order models as a cheap surrogate, providing accurate computation of stress fields while greatly reducing run time relative to a full order model. We demonstrate the ability of our method to produce large reductions in mass while respecting a constraint on the maximum stress in a pair of test problems. The ROM methodology provides a speedup of about 150x in forward solves compared to full order static condensation and provides a relative error of less than 5% in the relaxed stress.
Production and characterisation of polyclonal antibodies to the common moiety of some organophosphorus pesticides and development of a generic type ELISA (1998)

Most of the commonly used organophosphorus (OP) pesticides share a similar moiety in chemical structures. We used this moiety [(CH3O)2‐P(S)‐O‐] to synthesise a ‘generic‐OP’ hapten, which was linked through a 4‐carbon spacer to bovine serum albumin (BSA), against which polyclonal antibodies (PAb) were raised. Other analogues of the generic‐OP hapten were also prepared with varying lengths of spacer group and used in an inhibition ELISA, developed for PAb characterisation. Greater inhibitions of the PAb were recorded with Fenitrothion, Methacrifos, Propetamphos and Dichlorvos with 50% inhibition values of 4.8, 8.2, 36.2 and 91.1 μg ml−1 respectively. Compared to these OPs, in which phosphorus is linked to specific side groups via an oxy‐ester link, other compounds either with a thio‐ester link or in which side group contains a pyridine or pyrimidine ring, showed much lower inhibition. Using analogues of the generic‐OP hapten as inhibitors, the greatest inhibitions of the PAb were recorded with hapten containing a 4‐carbon spacer group, and progressively lower inhibitions with a decrease in length of spacer. However, some inhibition of the PAb was noted for the generic—OP analogue with a single carbon side group. The information gained from these studies will be useful in the design of immunogens for other small molecule haptens, and production and use of generic PAb against a group of chemically‐similar compounds.