gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Beyond RED: Periodic Early Detection for on-chip buffer memories in network elements (2011)

The scalability and energy efficiency of future network equipment will critically depend on the ability to confine the memories that implement the packet buffers within the same traffic management chips that process and forward the packets. Despite massive research efforts aimed at trimming its demand of large buffers for the accommodation of TCP traffic, the bandwidth-delay product (BDP) rule remains to-date the dominant criterion for the sizing of packet buffers in commercial network elements, and arguably the only cause for their implementation in off-chip memories. Only the lack of a valid alternative justifies the lasting popularity of conventional buffer management methods for TCP traffic such as Tail Drop and Random Early Detection (RED), which fail to reconcile small buffer sizes with high-end throughput performance. Our contribution is twofold. First, we show that the RED algorithm is intrinsically flawed because of the way it maps buffer occupancy levels onto packet drop probabilities. Second, we introduce Periodic Early Detection (PED), a buffer management scheme with touchless configuration that sustains 100% link utilization using only 2.5% of the memory required by the BDP rule. While a more comprehensive study of PED's properties is in order, the clear superiority of the scheme under common benchmarking setups places it at the forefront of the candidate enablers for the on-chip implementation of buffer memories.
Porphyromonas gingivicanis sp. nov. and Porphyromonas crevioricanis sp. nov., Isolated from Beagles (1994)

Two new species, Porphyromonas gingivicanis and Porphyromonas crevioricanis, are proposed for black-pigmented, asaccharolytic, anaerobic, nonmotile, non-spore-forming, gram-negative, rod-shaped organisms. These organisms were isolated from the gingival crevicular fluids of beagles. P. gingivicanis and P. crevioricanis do not grow in the presence of 20% bile. They exhibit less than 5% DNA-DNA homology with the type strains of Porphyromonas gingivalis (strain ATCC 33277), Porphyromonas endodontalis (strain ATCC 35406), and Porphyromonas asaccharolytica (strain ATCC 25260), which were isolated from humans, or with the type strains of Porphyromonas salivosa (strain NCTC 11632) and Porphyromonas circumdentaria (strain NCTC 12469), which were isolated from cats. The major cellular fatty acid of P. gingivicanis and P. crevioricanis is 13-methyltetradecanoic acid (iso-C15:0 acid). Glutamate and malate dehydrogenases are present in both species, and 6-phosphogluconate and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenases are absent; neither organism exhibits trypsin activity. P. gingivicanis and P. crevioricanis produce large amounts of acetic and isovaleric acids and minor amounts of isobutyric and succinic acids as end products of metabolism in GAM medium. P. gingivicanis also produces large amounts of butyric acid and small amounts of propionic acid, while P. crevioricanis produces large amounts of propionic acid and minor amounts of butyric and phenylacetic acids. The G+C contents of the DNA of P. gingivicanis is 41 to 42 mol%; the G+C content of the DNA of P. crevioricanis is 44 to 45 mol%. Catalase is produced by P. gingivicanis but not by P. crevioricanis; strains of P. crevioricanis agglutinate sheep erythrocytes, but strains of P. gingivicanis do not.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Crystal Growth and Evaluations of ${\hbox {Nd}}{\hbox {:LuLiF}}_{4}$ Scintillators for Different Nd Concentration (2010)

In order to develop novel scintillating materials, we grew 0.5 mol%, 1 mol%, and 3 mol% Nd-doped LuLiF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> scintillators by the micro-pulling down method, because LuLiF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> has a very wide band gap and Nd <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> shows fast and intense 5d-4f emission as a luminescence center. The transmittance and emission peaks were examined in these three samples by using our original spectrometer made by Bunkou-Keiki Company. At wavelengths longer than 180 nm, approximately 60-80% transmittance with three absorption peaks around 140, 160 and 175 nm and emission peak at approximately 180 nm were observed for all the crystals. Light yields and decay time constants of the samples irradiated by <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">241</sup> Am γ-ray were measured using photomultiplier tubes R8778 (Hamamatsu). The light yield of the 1 mol% doped LuLiF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> was 700 photons/5.5MeV α that is much greater than that of Nd:LaF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> scintillator (100 photons/5.5MeV α). As for decay time profiles, the main component of Nd:LuLiF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> was 12 ns in the case of α-ray irradiation. 137Cs 662 keV γ-ray photoabsorption peak was detected in 1 mol% doped LuLiF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> only, and the light yield was 300 ph/MeV.
Tumblr Blog Recommendation with Boosted Inductive Matrix Completion (2015)

Popular microblogging sites such as Tumblr have attracted hundreds of millions of users as a content sharing platform, where users can create rich content in the form of posts that are shared with other users who follow them. Due to the sheer amount of posts created on such services, an important task is to make quality recommendations of blogs for users to follow. Apart from traditional recommender system settings where the follower graph is the main data source, additional side-information of users and blogs such as user activity (e.g., like and reblog) and rich content (e.g., text and images) are also available to be exploited for enhanced recommendation performance. In this paper, we propose a novel boosted inductive matrix completion method (BIMC) for blog recommendation. BIMC is an additive low-rank model for user-blog preferences consisting of two components; one component captures the low-rank structure of follow relationships and the other captures the latent structure using side-information. Our model formulation combines the power of the recently proposed inductive matrix completion (IMC) model (for side-information) together with a standard matrix completion (MC) model (for low-rank structure). Furthermore, we utilize recently developed deep learning techniques to obtain semantically rich feature representations of text and images that are incorporated in BIMC. Experiments on a large-scale real-world dataset from Tumblr illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed BIMC method.
Fast one-dimensional wave-front propagation for x-ray differential phase-contrast imaging (2014)

Numerical wave-optical simulations of X-ray differential phase-contrast imaging using grating interferometry require the oversampling of gratings and object structures in the range of few micrometers. Consequently, fields of view of few millimeters already use large amounts of a computer's main memory to store the propagating wave front, limiting the scope of the investigations to only small-scale problems. In this study, we apply an approximation to the Fresnel-Kirchhoff diffraction theory to overcome these restrictions by dividing the two-dimensional wave front up into 1D lines, which are processed separately. The approach enables simulations with samples of clinically relevant dimensions by significantly reducing the memory footprint and the execution time and, thus, allows the qualitative comparison of different setup configurations. We analyze advantages as well as limitations and present the simulation of a virtual mammography phantom of several centimeters of size.
Capillary electrochromatography‐mass spectrometry of cationic surfactants (2006)

The CEC-MS of alkyltrimethylammonium (ATMA+) ions with chain lengths ranging from C1-C18 is optimized using an internally tapered column packed with mixed mode reversed phase/strong cation exchange stationary phase. A systematic study of the CEC separation parameters is conducted followed by evaluation of the ESI-MS sheath liquid and spray chamber settings. First, the optimization of CEC separation parameters are performed including the ACN concentration, triethylamine (TEA) content, buffer pH and ammonium acetate concentration. Using 90% v/v ACN with 0.04% v/v TEA as mobile phase, the separation of longer chain C6-C18-TMA+ surfactants could be achieved in 15 min. Lowering the ACN concentration to 70% v/v provided resolution of shorter chain C1, C2-TMA+ from C6-TMA+ although the total analysis time increased to 40 min. Furthermore, variation of both the ACN and TEA content as well as ionic strength has found to significantly influence the retention of longer chain surfactants as compared to shorter chains. The optimum CEC conditions are 70% v/v ACN, 0.04% v/v TEA, pH 3.0 and 15 mM ammonium acetate. Next, the optimization of the ESI-MS sheath liquid composition is conducted comparing methanol to isopropanol followed by the use of experimental design for analysis of spray chamber parameters. Overall, the developed CEC-ESI-MS method allows quantitative and sensitive monitoring of ATMA+ from < or =10 microg/mL down to 10 ng/mL. Utilizing the optimized CEC-ESI-MS protocol, the challenging analysis of commercial sample Arquad S-50 ATMA+ containing cis-trans unsaturated and saturated soyabean fatty acid derivatives is demonstrated.
Controlling loudspeakers in rooms (2003)

How to control the perceived timbre of a loudspeaker in different listening positions, using different loudspeaker positions in different listening rooms is a central problem, when designing and using loudspeakers is discussed. Loudspeaker directivity has been found to be one of the critical parameters in the solution to this problem. This paper presents three hypotheses for the optimal loudspeaker directivity and a novel realization of that directivity, i.e., the Acoustic Lense (ALT). The dominant problem at low frequencies has been found to relate to the fact, that the acoustic power output of loudspeakers is highly dependent on the loudspeaker position and on the acoustic properties of the listening room. This paper also presents a novel system for adapting a loudspeaker to its position and to the acoustic properties of the listening room, i.e., Adaptive Bass Control (ABC).
The Mucin <scp>MUC</scp>16 (<scp>CA</scp>125) Binds to <scp>NK</scp> Cells and Monocytes from Peripheral Blood of Women with Healthy Pregnancy and Preeclampsia (2012)

Problem MUC 16 ( CA 125) released from ovarian tumors binds to NK cells and monocytes via the inhibitory receptor S iglec‐9. Here, we investigate whether MUC 16 also binds to circulating immune cells during pregnancy and in women with preeclampsia. Method of study MUC 16 binding was monitored by flow cytometry and immunoprecipitation, and RT ‐ PCR was used to monitor indigenous expression in immune cells. Serum CA 125 levels were measured by a clinical assay. Results MUC 16 was equally distributed on S iglec‐9 pos CD 16 pos / CD 56 dim and CD 16 neg / CD 56 br NK cells in the healthy pregnant and preeclampsia groups. While serum CA 125 levels and number of NK and monocytes were similar, increased binding of MUC 16 was observed on these immune cells in the preeclampsia cohort as compared to the healthy pregnant samples. Conclusion MUC 16 binding to NK cells and monocytes likely contributes to tolerance of the fetal allograft from maternal responses and may also serve as a novel biomarker for preeclampsia.
Time-domain passivity control of haptic interfaces (2002)

A patent-pending, energy-based method is presented for controlling a haptic interface system to ensure stable contact under a wide variety of operating conditions. System stability is analyzed in terms of the time-domain definition of passivity. We define a "passivity observer" (PO) which measures energy flow in and out of one or more subsystems in real-time software. Active behavior is indicated by a negative value of the PO at any time. We also define the "passivity controller" (PC), an adaptive dissipative element which, at each time sample, absorbs exactly the net energy output (if any) measured by the PO. The method is tested with simulation and implementation in the Excalibur haptic interface system. Totally stable operation was achieved under conditions such as stiffness >100 N/mm or time delays of 15 ms. The PO/PC method requires very little additional computation and does not require a dynamical model to be identified.
Regressed Importance Sampling on Manifolds for Efficient Object Tracking (2009)

In this paper, a new integrated particle filter is proposed for video object tracking. After particles are generated by importance sampling, each particle is regressed on the transformation space where the mapping function is learned offline by regression on pose manifold using Lie algebra, leading to a more effective allocation of particles. Experimental results on synthetic and real sequences clearly demonstrate the improved pose (affine) tracking performance of the proposed method compared with the original regression tracker and particle filters.
Isoform-specific insulin receptor signaling involves different plasma membrane domains (2003)

In pancreatic beta-cells, insulin selectively up-regulates the transcription of its own gene and that of the glucokinase gene by signaling through the two isoforms of the insulin receptor, i.e., A-type (Ex11-) and B-type (Ex11+), using different signaling pathways. However, the molecular mechanism(s) that allows the discrete activation of signaling cascades via the two receptor isoforms remains unclear. Here we show that activation of the insulin promoter via A-type and of the glucokinase promoter via B-type insulin receptor is not dependent on receptor isoform-specific differences in internalization but on the different localization of the receptor types in the plasma membrane. Our data demonstrate that localization and function of the two receptor types depend on the 12-amino acid string encoded by exon 11, which acts as a sorting signal rather than as a physical spacer. Moreover, our data suggest that selective activation of the insulin and glucokinase promoters occurs by signaling from noncaveolae lipid rafts that are differently sensitive toward cholesterol depletion.
Immunization against Plasmodium falciparum asexual blood stages using soluble antigens. (1984)

Saimiri sciureus monkeys have been successfully immunized against a human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, using soluble antigens purified from schizont and merozoite extracts. High levels of antibodies reacting with schizont and merozoite specific polypeptides of 140 and 200 kdaltons were detected in the sera of protected monkeys. The five immunized monkeys survived a challenge infection with 5 X 10(7) parasites inducing a fulminant disease in control monkeys.
Diamond films grown by a 60-kW microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition system (2001)

In order to use chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond films for electronic devices, it is necessary to establish technologies for producing diamond wafers with controlled quality. Most of existing diamond CVD systems are, however, designed primarily for laboratory use. To cross the technological gap between the commercial production and the laboratory experiments, the current CVD technologies of diamond must be scaled up and upgraded. Development of large-scale diamond deposition processes was undertaken by using a microwave plasma CVD system, equipped with a 915-MHz, 60-kW generator for generating a large-size plasma. Polycrystalline diamond films were deposited from a hydrogen/methane gas mixture with typical gas pressures and substrate temperatures of 80–120 torr and 800–1050°C, respectively. It was found that depending on the growth conditions, the deposited films have various surface morphologies. Some of the samples have well-defined {111} and {100} facets of up to tens of micrometers in size. The Raman spectra had an intense main peak due to diamond at 1333 cm−1 without a trace of non-diamond carbon. The film quality in terms of Raman spectra was relatively uniform across the samples of 100 mm in diameter. Both 〈111〉 and 〈001〉 textured diamond films were obtained by selected growth conditions.
First-in-Human Study of the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics and - Preliminary Dynamics of Neuroprotectant 2-Iminobiotin in Healthy Subjects (2019)

Sulfobutyletherbeta-cyclodextrin (SBECD) in Captisol® had a low-clearance profile with a small volume of distribution, with time-independent PK. Preliminary PD characterization of repeated iv dosing of 2-IB in an acute peripheral hypoxic ischemia model in healthy subjects did not reveal any notable effects of 2-IB, noting that this model was not selected to guide efficacy in the currently pursued indication of cerebral hypoxia-ischemia.
Open access to sequence: Browsing the Pichia pastoris genome (2009)

The first genome sequences of the important yeast protein production host Pichia pastoris have been released into the public domain this spring. In order to provide the scientific community easy and versatile access to the sequence, two web-sites have been installed as a resource for genomic sequence, gene and protein information for P. pastoris: A GBrowse based genome browser was set up at http://www.pichiagenome.org and a genome portal with gene annotation and browsing functionality at http://bioinformatics.psb.ugent.be/webtools/bogas. Both websites are offering information on gene annotation and function, regulation and structure. In addition, a WiKi based platform allows all users to create additional information on genes, proteins, physiology and other items of P. pastoris research, so that the Pichia community can benefit from exchange of knowledge, data and materials.
Tunable resonant leaky mode silicon-on-insulator photonic devices (2006)

The objective of this paper is to present MEMS-tunable leaky-mode resonance elements. With focus on the silicon-oninsulator (SOI) materials system, the paper provides computed results elucidating the nature of resonant leaky modes associated with periodic refractive-index lattices such as gratings and photonic crystals. Introductory examples demonstrate the general features of the basic guided-mode resonance effect and the resulting externally measurable diffraction efficiency. Computed Brillouin diagrams illustrate the association of the guided-mode resonance with the second stopband considering grating profile symmetry and its Fourier harmonic content controlled by the chosen fill factors. A tunable double-grating resonant leaky-mode MEMS-type element is then introduced. Significant level of tunability is demonstrated by controlling the effective fill factor and the structural symmetry as well as the effective thickness of the resonant layer. For a particular example SOI structure treated, it is shown that the resonance wavelength can be shifted by ~500 nm with a horizontal movement of ~300 nm within the 1.6-2.2 μm wavelength band. Additionally, the reflectance can be tuned from ~10<sup>-4</sup> to 100% with a vertical movement of ~250 nm. These results demonstrate potentially new dimensions in design of tunable optical devices.
Antiviral and antitumor agents from a New Zealand sponge, Mycale sp. 2. Structures and solution conformations of mycalamides A and B (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntiviral and antitumor agents from a New Zealand sponge, Mycale sp. 2. Structures and solution conformations of mycalamides A and BNigel B. Perry, John W. Blunt, Murray H. G. Munro, and Andrew M. ThompsonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 1, 223–227Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00288a037https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00288a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views368Altmetric-Citations126LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Unsymmetrical Unsaturated Ketones from Lactones and Carboxylic Acids in One Step (2004)

Abstract A one‐step transformation of γ ‐ and δ ‐(spiro)lactones into γ , δ ‐ and δ , ε ‐unsaturated ketones in the presence of carboxylic acids in the vapor phase at 400° over a supported manganese catalyst is reported for the first time. The scope of this new transformation is exemplified with a series of lactones, and a mechanistic rationale is proposed.