gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On Quality-of-Service Provisioning in IEEE 802.11ax WLANs (2016)

A revolutionary effort to seek fundamental improvement of 802.11, known as IEEE 802.11ax, has been approved to deliver the next-generation wireless local area network (WLAN) technologies. In WLANs, medium access control protocol is the key component that enables efficient sharing the common radio channel while satisfying the quality of service (QoS) requirements for multimedia applications. With the new physical layer design and subsequent new medium access control functions under more demands on QoS and user experience, in this paper, we first survey the QoS support in legacy 802.11. Then, we summarize the IEEE 802.11ax standardization activities in progress and present an overview of current perspectives and expected features on medium access control protocol design to better support QoS and user experience in 802.11ax. We present the motivation behind, explain design principles, and identify new research challenges. To better satisfy customer needs on high bandwidth and low latency, emerging long-term evolution licensed-assisted access and its impacts to QoS provisioning in IEEE 802.11ax are further addressed given the collaboration between cellular and WLANs, and given the trend of 5G cellular over unlicensed bands.
Generation and Evaluation of a Newcastle Disease Virus–Based H9 Avian Influenza Live Vaccine (2010)

Infection with H9 avian influenza virus (AIV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) are two important causes of egg drop in layer and breeder poultry, leading to severe economic loss in the industry. Currently in China, inactivated H9 AIV vaccine and live attenuated NDV vaccine have to be repeatedly administered to prevent egg drop in layer animals. Using reverse genetics, we constructed a recombinant NDV expressing an H9 AIV hemagglutinin (HA) from an H9N2 field isolate, A/Chicken/ Shandong/2/2007. The HA gene was inserted into the intergenic region between the phosphoprotein (P) and matrix (M) genes of the LaSota NDV vaccine strain. The recombinant virus stably expressing the HA gene, rL-H9, was found to be innocuous after intracerebral inoculation of 1-day-old chickens. A single dose of 10(6) 50% egg infectious dose of the recombinant virus intranasally inoculated into chickens induced high levels of NDV- and AIV H9-specific hemagglutination-inhibition antibody. Complete protection from clinical disease and mortality against challenge with a lethal dose of velogenic NDV was observed in chickens and 90% of chickens were protected from clinical disease, mortality, and virus shedding against challenge with homologous H9N2 AIV. Our results suggest that recombinant NDV is suitable as a potential bivalent live attenuated vaccine against both NDV and H9 AIV infection in poultry.
Identification of randomly selected colonies of lactobacilli from normal vaginal fluid by pyrosequencing of the 16S rDNA variable V1 and V3 regions (2002)

The present study aimed to characterize lactobacilli in vaginal fluid from 23 adult healthy women by using high-throughput DNA sequencing for identification of a large number of randomly selected colonies appearing on Rogosa and blood agar. The typing method was based on broad-range PCR of 16S rRNA gene variable regions V1 and V3, pyrosequencing, and classification of the fragments by alignment with NCBI-catalogued sequences and type strain sequences. Four major groups of sequences were found among the 402 isolates clearly corresponding to Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus iners and Lactobacillus jensenii when compared to the sequences obtained for type strains. Our results indicate that pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragments as used here is a fast and reliable method well suited for identification to the species level, even within the Lactobacillus acidophilus complex.
EVResponse - Moving Beyond Traditional Emergency Response Notification (2005)

Federal, state and local governmental agencies have been investing considerably in emergency response management systems to assist crisis management officers in the assessment, mitigation and response to emergency situations. In crisis management contexts, the timeliness of a response may be determined with reference to a fixed instant in the form of an absolute action threshold. This establishes the last possible point in time where any sort of solution is available. Once an action threshold is passed, a crisis is no longer containable; whatever adverse consequences a problem portends are thereafter inescapable. In this paper, we describe a special GIS-based response management system, EVResponse that combines GIS capabilities with web based voice translation technologies such as VoiceXML to effectively coordinate the pre, current and post crisis management activities. VoiceXML provides open standards based methodology to facilitate the integration and communication of emergency response systems with existing disaster planning systems. The EVResponse application uses web services to provide real-time reporting capabilities to both decision makers and first response units.
AtIRE1C, an unconventional isoform of the UPR master regulator AtIRE1, is functionally associated with AtIRE1B in Arabidopsis gametogenesis (2019)

The unfolded protein response (UPR), a highly conserved set of eukaryotic intracellular signaling cascades, controls the homeostasis of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in normal physiological growth and situations causing accumulation of potentially toxic levels of misfolded proteins in the ER, a condition known as ER stress. During evolution, eukaryotic lineages have acquired multiple UPR effectors, which have increased the pliability of cytoprotective responses to physiological and environmental stresses. The ER-associated protein kinase and ribonuclease IRE1 is a UPR effector that is conserved from yeast to metazoans and plants. IRE1 assumes dispensable roles in growth in yeast but it is essential in mammals and plants. The Arabidopsis genome encodes two isoforms of IRE1, IRE1A and IRE1B, whose protein functional domains are conserved across eukaryotes. Here, we describe the identification of a third Arabidopsis IRE1 isoform, IRE1C. This protein lacks the ER lumenal domain that has been implicated in sensing ER stress in the IRE1 isoforms known to date. Through functional analyses, we demonstrate that IRE1C is not essential in growth and stress responses when deleted from the genome singularly or in combination with an <i>IRE1A</i> knockout allele. However, we found that IRE1C exerts an essential role in gametogenesis when IRE1B is also depleted. Our results identify a novel, plant-specific IRE1 isoform and highlight that at least the control of gametogenesis in Arabidopsis requires an unexpected functional coordination of IRE1C and IRE1B. More broadly, our findings support the existence of a functional form of IRE1 that is required for development despite the remarkable absence of a protein domain that is critical for the function of other known IRE1 isoforms.
Ultraviolet light emitting diodes (2011)

The paper presents a review of the recent development of III-nitride based deep UV light emitting diodes (LEDs). Main applications of the deep UV LEDs are introduced. Review of material issues is focused on the lattice mismatch between the substrate and the active layer and at heterojunctions in multiple quantum well structures forming the active layer, the localization of nonequilibrium carriers, the material properties limiting the internal quantum efficiency, and the effect of efficiency droop at high density of nonequilibrium carriers. AlGaN is currently the semiconductor of choice for development of deep UV LEDs, so this material is the most discussed one in this review, though some information on AlInGaN is also provided.
Flapping wings via direct-driving by DC motors (2013)

In previous work, a proof-of-concept artificial flapper was devised by Campolo et al. to demonstrate that DC motors, in concert with compliant mechanisms, would be able to directly flap wings at relatively high frequencies and large angles without exceeding their operational limits. The prototype makes use of a pair of relatively long elastic strings as the compliant structures. In this article, we experimentally analyze the wing kinematics and efficiency of a more compact prototype, where small helical springs are implemented instead of elastic strings. Since the proof-of-concept prototype validated the quasi-sinusoidal assumption in spite of nonlinear aerodynamic damping, incorporating instantaneous wing kinematics into the analysis is not necessary, simplifying experiments and data processing. Along with wing kinematics and system efficiency, the possibility of controlling the wing pair to flap independently is evaluated as well.
In Vivo Angiogenic Phenotype of Endothelial Cells and Pericytes Induced by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A (2004)

VEGF-A is a major angiogenesis and permeability factor. Its cellular effects, which can be used as targets in anti-angiogenesis therapy, have mainly been studied in vitro using endothelial cell cultures. The purpose of the present study was to further characterize these effects in vivo in vascular endothelial cells and pericytes, in an experimental monkey model of VEGF-A-induced iris neovascularization. Two cynomolgus monkeys ( Macaca fascicularis) received four injections of 0.5 μg VEGF-A in the vitreous of one eye and PBS in the other eye. After sacrifice at day 9, eyes were enucleated and iris samples were snap-frozen for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and stained with a panel of antibodies recognizing endothelial and pericyte determinants related to angiogenesis and permeability. After VEGF-A treatment, the pre-existing iris vasculature showed increased permeability, hypertrophy, and activation, as demonstrated by increased staining of CD31, PAL-E, tPA, uPA, uPAR, Glut-1, and α v β 3 and α v β 5 integrins, VEGF receptors VEGFR-1, −2 and −3, and Tie-2 in endothelial cells, and of NG2 proteoglycan, uPA, uPAR, integrins and VEGFR-1 in pericytes. Vascular sprouts at the anterior surface of the iris were positive for the same antigens except for tPA, Glut-1, and Tie-2, which were notably absent. Moreover, in these sprouts VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 expression was very high in endothelial cells, whereas many pericytes were present that were positive for PDGFR-β, VEGFR-1, and NG2 proteoglycan and negative for α-SMA. In conclusion, proteins that play a role in angiogenesis are upregulated in both pre-existing and newly formed iris vasculature after treatment with VEGF-A. VEGF-A induces hypertrophy and loss of barrier function in pre-existing vessels, and induces angiogenic sprouting, characterized by marked expression of VEGFR-3 and lack of expression of tPA and Tie-2 in endothelial cells, and lack of α-SMA in pericytes. Our in vivo study indicates a role for α-SMA-negative pericytes in early stages of angiogenesis. Therefore, our findings shed new light on the temporal and spatial role of several proteins in the angiogenic cascade in vivo.
Digital Image Stabilization Based on Phase Correlation (2009)

In this paper, we present a method for digital image stabilization based on Fourier-Mellin transform and phase correlation. We acquire the rotating angle and scaling factor firstly by phase correlation between Fourier-Mellin transform images of the reference and observed images. After rotating and scaling the observed image, implement the phase correlation again to compute the spacial translation. Because of spectral periodicity, the correlation between Fourier-Mellin transform images will be weaken and maybe lead to wrong result when the rotating angle is close to 90°. So we add a coarse search before phase correlation to avoid this situation. And we use a smooth window to reduce the noise in phase correlation. Furthermore, a coordinate mapping chart is recommended to avoid the unnecessary computation cost during creating log-polar image. The experiment results show the proposed method can acquire accurate motion parameters between two adjacent frames.
BADA: An advanced aircraft performance model for present and future ATM systems (2010)

Abstract This paper gives an overview of Base of Aircraft Data (BADA), an Aircraft Performance Model developed and maintained by EUROCONTROL. BADA is based on a kinetic approach to aircraft performance modelling, which models aircraft forces. The intended use of BADA is trajectory simulation and prediction in Air Traffic Management (ATM) Research and Development and strategic planning in ground ATM operations. BADA is used for various ATM‐related studies which require information on aircraft performances. The paper provides details on the existing BADA family 3 model and the latest achievements in the development of the new BADA family 4 model. Several examples of the applications of using BADA are provided, together with information on how to obtain access to BADA. Copyright © 2010 EUROCONTROL. All rights reserved.
P-I-N CdTe Gamma Ray Detectors by Liquid Phase Epitaxy (LPE) (1985)

A new device concept for CdTe gamma ray detectors has been demonstrated using p+(HgCdTe)-n(CdTe)-n+ (HgCdTe) diode structures. Both P+ and n+ Hg0.25Cd0.75Te epilayers were grown by the liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) technique on semi-insulating CdTe sensor elements. The LPE grown P-I-N structure offers potential advantages for p-n junction and ohmic contact formation over standard ion implanted diodes or Schottky barrier devices. Detectors with active areas of 2 mm2 were fabricated. Resolutions of 10 KeV were obtained for the 122 KeV gamma peak of Co57 at room temperature.
Design and control of Proportional-Resonant controller based Photovoltaic power conditioning system (2009)

This paper presents a current control technique for a single-phase grid-connected DC/AC inverter which is used in photovoltaic power conditioning system (PV PCS). A proportional-resonant (PR) controller is used for replacing the conventional proportional-integral (PI) controller in this system. By comparison with the conventional PI control method, the PR control can introduce an infinite gain at the fundamental frequency and hence can achieve zero steady-state error. A theoretical analysis of the PR controller is presented and verified by experiment. Furthermore, a pseudo synchronous d-q transformation is employed in current control scheme and an all-pass filter based single-phase digital phase-locked loop (PLL) is introduced to detect the phase of grid voltage. Based on the theoretical analysis, the control strategy is implemented on a 32-bit fixed-point TMS320F2812 DSP and tested in a 3 kW prototype PV PCS. Simulation and experimental verify the high performance of the implemented control scheme.
Porous Structures in Heat Pipes (2018)

This work deals with heat pipes with porous wick structures and experiments depending on the wick structure porosity, because the porosity is one of the wick structure properties which has effect on the heat transport ability of the heat pipe. The work describes manufacturing porous wick structures for wick heat pipe by sintering of copper metal powders with various powder grain size; manufacturing porous wick structures for loop heat pipe by sintering of copper and nickel metal powders with various powder grain size; influence of manufacturing technology on the wick structure porosity by microscopic analysis of the porous structure; design and construction of wick heat pipe and loop heat pipes; experimental determination influence of the wick structure porosity on the heat transport ability of loop heat pipes at various conditions; and experimental and mathematical determination influence of the wick structure porosity on the heat transport ability of wick heat pipes at various conditions.
Selection of an Efficient AAV Vector for Robust CNS Transgene Expression (2019)

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) capsid libraries have generated improved transgene delivery vectors. We designed an AAV library construct, iTransduce, that combines a peptide library on the AAV9 capsid with a Cre cassette to enable sensitive detection of transgene expression. After only two selection rounds of the library delivered intravenously in transgenic mice carrying a Cre-inducible fluorescent protein, we flow sorted fluorescent cells from brain, and DNA sequencing revealed two dominant capsids. One of the capsids, termed AAV-F, mediated transgene expression in the brain cortex more than 65-fold (astrocytes) and 171-fold (neurons) higher than the parental AAV9. High transduction efficiency was sex-independent and sustained in two mouse strains (C57BL/6 and BALB/c), making it a highly useful capsid for CNS transduction of mice. Future work in large animal models will test the translation potential of AAV-F.
The albumin receptor effect may be due to a surface-induced conformational change in albumin (1989)

Abstract To determine whether equilibrium binding between and hepatocytes involves a cell surface receptor for albumin, we incubated freshly isolated rat hepatocytes with 125I-albumin and determined the amount of associated with the cells as a function of the total concentration. The resulting two-phase binding curve showed the rat albumin-hepatocyte interaction to consist of a saturable binding interaction with a dissociation constant of 1.1 microM and 2 X 10(6) sites/cell in addition to a weak, nonsaturable binding interaction. However, the saturable binding of to hepatocytes did not appear to result from the presence of an receptor on the cell surface; the interaction was the same for different species of albumin, for chemically modified albumins, and for fragments of representing mutually exclusive domains of the molecule. The saturable binding was, instead, found to involve a subpopulation of with an enhanced affinity for the cell surface. We show that this subpopulation of is generated upon contact with either solid surfaces or cell surfaces and can be transferred from one surface to another. We propose that the two-phase Scatchard binding curve and the albumin receptor effect reflect two populations of that bind to the cell surface with different affinities rather than one population of that binds to two classes of binding sites.
Circulating Cytokine Profiles and Their Relationships with Autoantibodies, Acute Phase Reactants, and Disease Activity in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (2010)

Our objective was to analyse the relationship between circulating cytokines, autoantibodies, acute phase reactants, and disease activity in DMARDs-naïve rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients (n = 140). All cytokines were significantly higher in the RA cohort than in healthy controls. Moderate-to-strong positive intercorrelations were observed between Th1/Th2/macrophage/fibroblast-derived cytokines. RF correlated significantly with IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, and TNF (P < .0001), and aCCP and aMCV with IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10 (P < .0002), while IL-6 correlated best with the acute phase reactants, CRP, and SAA (P < .0001). In patients with a DAS28 score of ≥5.1, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-1Ra, TNF, GM-CSF, and VEGF were significantly correlated (P < .04-.001) with high disease activity (HDA). Circulating cytokines in RA reflect a multifaceted increase in immune reactivity encompassing Th1 and Th2 cells, monocytes/macrophages, and synovial fibroblasts, underscored by strong correlations between these cytokines, as well as their relationships with RF, aCCP, and aMCV, with some cytokines showing promise as biomarkers of HDA.
Diode-pumped Er–Yb:glass laser passively Q switched by use of Co^2+:MgAl_2O_4 as a saturable absorber (2000)

We report on passively Q-switched operation of a diode-pumped Er-Yb:glass laser with a Co(2+):MgAl(2)O(4) plate as a saturable absorber. Optical pulses with peak power exceeding 2 kW and a pulse length of 2.3 ns have been generated. Single-longitudinal-mode Q-switched operation at 1.53 mum has been obtained by use of the Co(2+):MgAl(2)O(4) plate as an intracavity etalon. A discussion of the optimal Er(3+) concentration as well as optimization of the cavity design is included.
Runtime Testability on Autonomous System (2022)

More than ever, autonomous systems that are critical to everyday life, social infrastructure, and social security are increasingly dependent on sophisticated hardware computer systems. As the computer hardware systems become increasingly complex and semiconductor manufacturing technology becomes continuously miniaturized (especially in several nanometer technologies), there is a corresponding increased vulnerability to system malfunction caused by runtime hardware defects. Detecting defects that will be generated in postdeployment time is impossible in the predeployment verification. This is the reason why some lifetime testabilities are necessary, especially for autonomous systems requiring extremely high-reliable functionalities. This article proposes a hardware architecture that extends the pre-deployment mass production verification (such as the scan-test) to the lifetime of the hardware systems, <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">to guarantee the mass production verification level integrity for the hardware systems in their lifetime</i> . In addition, this article explains how to recover hardware functionalities compromised by runtime defects.
3X endurance enhancement by advanced signal processor for 3D NAND flash memory (2017)

In order to keep reducing the bit cost, NAND Flash memory vendors have changed the NAND Flash technology from 2D to 3D since 2014. Moreover, 3D NAND Flash is becoming the mainstream of the NAND Flash based storage system from 2017. Owing to the storage material of NAND Flash changing from heavy doped poly-silicon to silicon-nitride, the inter-cell interference is ignored during programming operation to increase the write performance on 3D NAND Flash memory. However, in order to reduce the aspect ratio of the memory hole, the thickness of the inter word-line dielectric is reduced with the increasing of the stacking number. Accordingly, the Vth distribution is widened by the interference between the electrons in the silicon-nitride and the conductive channel between memory cells. This paper provides the measurement results of the cell-to-cell interference with the mass-produced 3D NAND Flash memory and proposes a method to reduce the cell-to-cell interference on 3D NAND Flash. Furthermore, the error bit of the 3D NAND Flash memory is 15% reduced and the endurance is 3X increased by the proposed method.
New technology for reduction in cost and size of silica guided-wave component (1992)

A waveguide with SiOxNyHz core glass film and its fabrication method have been developed that can realise a high refractive index difference Δ to reduce the cost and size of the device. Δ can be increased by ∼7% by controlling the nitrogen concentration. This SiOxNyHz film is deposited on a quartz glass substrate with face down type of plasma CVD method. The warp of the substrate formed by SiOxNyHz core glass film is very small compared with that of conventional core glass film. The core side roughness on patterning of the core glass film in the dry-etching process is also very small. The plasma CVD method can suppress the growth of particles on deposited film. A reduction in the cost and size of the guided-wave type component can be expected by using the SiOxNyHz core glass.