gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DocTag2Vec: An Embedding Based Multi-label Learning Approach for Document Tagging (2017)

Tagging news articles or blog posts with relevant tags from a collection of predefined ones is coined as document tagging in this work. Accurate tagging of articles can benefit several downstream applications such as recommendation and search. In this work, we propose a novel yet simple approach called DocTag2Vec to accomplish this task. We substantially extend Word2Vec and Doc2Vec -two popular models for learning distributed representation of words and documents. In DocTag2Vec, we simultaneously learn the representation of words, documents, and tags in a joint vector space during training, and employ the simple k-nearest neighbor search to predict tags for unseen documents. In contrast to previous multi-label learning methods, DocTag2Vec directly deals with raw text instead of provided feature vector, and in addition, enjoys advantages like the learning of tag representation, and the ability of handling newly created tags. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, we conduct experiments on several datasets and show promising results against state-of-the-art methods.
Micromachined Uncooled Si<sub>x</sub>Ge<sub>y</sub>O<sub>1-x-y</sub> Microbolometer Integrated Metasurface for Uncooled Infrared Detection (2019)

This paper presents a study of metasurface integrated uncooled infrared (IR) silicon germanium oxide (Si-Ge-O) microbolometers for Long Wavelength Infrared (LWIR) detection. The inclusion of the metasurface permits engineering the IR absorptance with respect to wavelength. Absorption by the metasurface eliminates the need for a ¼-wave resonant cavity under the microbolometer. In addition, the metasurface can significantly improve the electrical performance of the temperature-sensing layer. Experimental results show an increase in the Temperature Coefficient of Resistance (TCR) and a decrease in the resistivity of the amorphous Si-Ge-O films. These parameters scale with the periodicity and area fraction of the metasurface. The voltage noise power spectral density was reduced by annealing the devices in vacuum. The measured responsivity and detectivity approached 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> V/W and 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">9</sup> cm Hz <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1/2</sup> /W to filtered blackbody infrared radiation.
Protein mimetic amyloid inhibitor potently abrogates cancer-associated mutant p53 aggregation and restores tumor suppressor function (2020)

ABSTRACT Missense mutations in p53 are severely deleterious and occur in over 50% of all human cancers. The vast majority of these mutations are located in the inherently unstable DNA-binding domain (DBD), many of which destabilize the domain further and expose its aggregation-prone hydrophobic core, prompting self-assembly of mutant p53 into inactive cytosolic amyloid-like aggregates. Screening an oligopyridylamide library, previously shown to inhibit amyloid formation associated with Alzheimer’s disease and type II diabetes, identified a tripyridylamide, ADH-6, that potently abrogates self-assembly of the aggregation-nucleating subdomain of mutant p53 DBD. Moreover, ADH-6 effectively targets and dissociates mutant p53 aggregates in human cancer cells, which restores p53’s transcriptional activity, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Notably, ADH-6 treatment substantially shrinks xenografts harboring mutant p53 and prolongs survival, while exhibiting no toxicity to healthy tissue. This study demonstrates the first successful application of a bona fide small-molecule amyloid inhibitor as an anticancer agent.
Kidney Injury Molcule-1 in Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease (2012)

Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1 in humans, Kim-1 in rodents) was first reported in 1998 as a highly up regulated protein in rat ischemic kidneys, and was subsequently demonstrated as a urinary biomarker in 2002 by our laboratory. KIM-1 expression is absent in healthy kidney epithelium, but is markedly upregulated with tubular injury or dedifferentiation providing a high signal-to-noise ratio for accurate detection of kidney injury. Since its discovery, KIM-1 has evolved as a diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarker of various kidney diseases. Based on results from our laboratory and other research groups including large consortia, Federal Drug Administration (FDA), European Medicines Agency (EMA), and the Japanese Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA) have qualified KIM-1 as a marker to monitor kidney injury in preclinical studies and on a case-by-case basis in clinical trials. Recent studies also highlight the therapeutic aspects of anti-KIM-1 agents in mitigating renal injury. We also discussed a selected number of recent patents on KIM-1 pertaining to kidney pathophysiology.
Parstatin Suppresses Ocular Neovascularization and Inflammation (2010)

Parstatin is a potent antiangiogenic agent of ocular neovascularization and may have clinical potential in the treatment of angiogenesis-related ocular disorders.
Triboluminescent Optical Nerves for Smart Concrete Structures (2013)

In-situ and real time structural health monitoring is critical for ensuring the safety of users and for extending the useful life of our aged and overloaded civil infrastructure systems like concrete bridges and dams. The development of the insitu triboluminescent optical fiber (ITOF) sensor may provide concrete structures with these capabilities. Two types of cement-based composites with integrated ITOF sensors were fabricated and tested under flexural loading. Real time failure detection was demonstrated in mortar beams while real time damage monitoring was demonstrated in reinforced concrete (RC) beams. For all samples tested, significant and distinctive jump in the triboluminescent (TL) signal values were detected at the instance of failure in mortar beams and cracking in RC beams. Analysis of the TL signal profiles from the brittle failure of the mortar beams revealed multiple peaks indicative of multiple TL emissions that provided evidence of the sensor’s ability to sense rapidly propagating crack during mortar failure. TL signals were observed at the instance of crack formation (damage) in the tested RC beams that provided early warning of system’s degradation before failure.
Peptide-Based Anti-PCSK9 Vaccines - An Approach for Long-Term LDLc Management (2014)

Peptide-based anti-PCSK9 vaccines induce the generation of antibodies that are persistent, high-affine, and functional for up to one year. They are powerful and safe tools for long-term LDLc management, and thus may represent a novel therapeutic approach for the prevention and/or treatment of LDL hypercholesterolemia-related cardiovascular diseases in humans.
The effect of dielectric relaxation on charge-redistribution A/D converters (1990)

The extent to which dielectric relaxation in typical monolithic capacitors degrades the performance of charge-redistribution analog-to-digital (A/D) converters is described. Experimental device data from a monolithic capacitor test circuit are presented, an empirical capacitor model fitted to the measured device performance is described, and simulated A/D system errors are compared with those observed in a monolithic, 10-b, 3.3- mu ms A/D converter. The agreement found in this comparison demonstrates that the transient error in A/D-converter code transition voltages due to dielectric relaxation may be accurately predicted. The modeling and simulation techniques that are discussed are important tools both for the selection of proper capacitor technology and in the development of circuit designs insensitive to dielectric relaxation. This analysis is also applicable to any circuit where precision is derived from capacitor characteristics, such as sample-and-hold circuits and switched-capacitor filters.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Two distinct classes of functional α7‐containing nicotinic receptor on rat superior cervical ganglion neurons (2000)

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) that bind alpha-bungarotoxin (alpha Bgt) were studied on isolated rat superior cervical ganglion (SCG) neurons using whole-cell patch clamp recording techniques. Rapid application of ACh onto the soma of voltage clamped neurons evoked a slowly desensitizing current that was reversibly blocked by alpha Bgt (50 nM). The toxin-sensitive current constituted on average about half of the peak whole-cell response evoked by ACh. Nanomolar concentrations of methyllycaconitine blocked the alpha Bgt-sensitive component of the ACh-evoked current as did intracellular dialysis with an anti-alpha 7 monoclonal antibody. The results indicate that the slowly reversible toxin-sensitive response elicited by ACh arises from activation of an unusual class of alpha 7-containing receptor (alpha 7-nAChR) similar to that reported previously for rat intracardiac ganglion neurons. A second class of functional alpha 7-nAChR was identified on some SCG neurons by using rapid application of choline to elicit responses. In these cases a biphasic response was obtained, which included a rapidly desensitizing component that was blocked by alpha Bgt in a pseudo-irreversible manner. The pharmacology and kinetics of the responses resembled those previously attributed to alpha 7-nAChRs in a number of other neuronal cell types. Experiments measuring the dissociation rate of 125I-labelled alpha Bgt from SCG neurons revealed two classes of toxin-binding site. The times for toxin dissociation were consistent with those required to reverse blockade of the two kinds of alpha Bgt-sensitive response. These results indicate that rat SCG neurons express two types of functional alpha 7-nAChR, differing in pharmacology, desensitization and reversibility of alpha Bgt blockade.
Spiral chip implantable radiator and printed loop external receptor for RF telemetry in bio-sensor systems (2005)

The paper describes the operation of a patented wireless RF telemetry system, consisting of a bio-MEMS implantable sensor and an external hand held unit, operating over the frequency range of a few hundreds of MHz. A MEMS capacitive pressure sensor, integrated with a miniature inductor/antenna, together constitute the implantable sensor. Signal processing circuits collocated with a printed loop antenna together form the hand held unit, capable of inductively powering and also receiving the telemetry signals from the sensor. The paper, in addition, demonstrates a technique to enhance the quality factor and inductance of the inductor in the presence of a lower ground plane and also presents the radiation characteristics of the loop antenna.
Computerized Design and Analysis of Face-Milled, Uniform Tooth Height Spiral Bevel Gear Drives (1996)

Face-milled spiral bevel gears with uniform tooth height are considered. An approach is proposed for the design of low-noise and localized bearing contact of such gears. The approach is based on the mismatch of contacting surfaces and permits two types of bearing contact either directed longitudinally or across the surface to be obtained. Conditions to avoid undercutting were determined. A Tooth Contact Analysis (TCA) was developed. This analysis was used to determine the influence of misalignment on meshing and contact of the spiral bevel gears. A numerical example that illustrates the developed theory is provided.
Differential Mobility Separation of Ions Using a Rectangular Asymmetric Waveform (2008)

The performance of a planar differential mobility spectrometer (DMS) is investigated when operated in air at ambient pressure and driven by a rectangular asymmetric waveform, limited to frequencies of <1.2 MHz and voltage pulse amplitudes of <1 kV with steep rise times of the order of approximately 15 ns. Independent control of frequency, voltage pulse amplitude, and duty cycle allow for characterizing the DMS in terms of transmission, resolution and separation. The tradeoff between sensitivity and resolution and the effect of duty cycle on instrument performance are demonstrated experimentally. The dependence of ion mobility on the magnitude of the electric field determines the displacement of ions measured by the DC compensation voltage as a function of the duty cycle. Optimum values for the duty cycle exist for the separation of A- and C-type ions, while, B-type ions exhibit a more complex behavior. An analytical expression for describing the effect of duty cycle on the separation of the ions, determined by variations in the compensation voltage, is developed and compared to experimental results obtained in air below 75 Td using estimated alpha parameters for a set of ketones. In this context, errors associated with the calculation of alpha parameters using polynomials of even powers are highlighted.
Bidirectional dynamic node low voltage swing domino logic (2005)

A new low voltage swing technique is presented in this paper for simultaneously reducing the active and standby mode power consumption and enhancing the noise immunity in domino logic circuits. The proposed circuit technique modifies both the upper and lower boundaries of the voltage swing at the dynamic node. Meanwhile, full voltage swing signals are maintained at the inputs and the outputs for high speed operation. The power supply and ground voltages are simultaneously optimized to minimize the power-delay product (PDP). The proposed technique reduces the PDP by up to 28% as compared to the standard full-swing circuits in a 45nm CMOS technology. The active mode power consumption is reduced by up to 32% due to the lower switching power required to charge/discharge the dynamic node. Furthermore, the noise immunity is enhanced by up to 59% as compared to the standard full-swing circuits. The bidirectional dynamic node low voltage swing technique also reduces the idle mode leakage power by up to 20% in the high fan-in domino gates. Furthermore, approximately a 3.9 /spl times/ reduction in leakage power consumption is offered as compared to a previously published low swing domino logic circuit technique in a 45nm CMOS technology.
The elucidation of phosphosugar stress response in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> guides strain engineering for high <i>N</i>‐acetylglucosamine production (2020)

Bacillus subtilis is a preferred microbial host for the industrial production of nutraceuticals and a promising candidate for the synthesis of functional sugars, such as N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). Previously, a GlcNAc-overproducer B. subtilis SFMI was constructed using glmS ribozyme dual-regulatory tool. Herein, we further engineered to enhance carbon flux from glucose towards GlcNAc synthesis. As a result, the increased flux towards GlcNAc synthesis triggered phosphosugar stress response, which caused abnormal cell growth. Unfortunately, the mechanism of phosphosugar stress response had not been elucidated in B. subtilis. To reveal the stress mechanism and overcome its negative effect in bioproduction, we performed comparative transcriptome analysis. The results indicate that cells slow glucose utilization by repression of glucose import and accelerate catabolic reactions of phosphosugar. To verify these results, we overexpressed the phosphatase YwpJ, which relieved phosphosugar stress and allowed us to identify the enzyme responsible for GlcNAc synthesis from GlcNAc 6-phosphate. In addition, the deletion of nagBB and murQ, responsible for GlcNAc precursor degradation, further improved GlcNAc synthesis. The best engineered strain, B. subtilis FMIP34, increased GlcNAc titer from 11.5 to 26.1 g/L in shake flasks and produced 87.5 g/L GlcNAc in 30-L fed-batch bioreactor. Our results not only elucidate, for the first time, the phosphosugar stress response mechanism in B. subtilis, but also demonstrate how the combination of rational metabolic engineering with novel insights into physiology and metabolism allows the construction of highly efficient microbial cell factories for the production of high-value chemicals.
Functional characterization of a reproductive tissue specific promoter from <i>Eucalyptus camaldulensis</i> (2018)

SWEET proteins are essential for the maintenance of nectar production, as well as seed and pollen development, in plants. A search within the Eucalyptus genome identified 52 putative genes belonging to the SWEET gene family based on sequence similarity. The expression of two of these genes, EcSWEET2 and EcSWEET5, was analyzed in vegetative and reproductive tissues of Eucalyptus camaldulensis. The expression of EcSWEET5 was specific to male reproductive tissues, and transcripts were detected only at certain stages of flower development. Tobacco Rattle Virus (TRV)-mediated suppression of EcSWEET5 resulted in a significant reduction in pollen germination percentage in Nicotiana benthamiana without adverse effect on vegetative growth. A promoter sequence 1 kb upstream of the start codon of EcSWEET5 contained many elements suggestive of pollen specificity of the promoter. This specificity was confirmed in transgenic tobacco lines harboring a GUS gene whose expression was controlled by the EcSWEET5 gene promoter. GUS expression was limited to pollen alone in transgenic tobacco as evidenced by histochemical staining. The expression of a cytotoxic gene, barnase under the control of the EcSWEET5 gene promoter, showed pollen ablation in transgenic tobacco with normal vegetative growth.
Group Resource Allocation for Increasing VoIP Capacity over WiMAX (2010)

High demand for mobile voice puts forth the requirement of high VoIP capacity over WiMAX networks. Although WiMAX networks are well-known for high-speed internet access on the go, VoIP capacity over WiMAX is low due to large control overhead. In this paper, we propose Group Resource Allocation (GRA) mechanism that reduces the control overhead and hence increases VoIP Capacity over WiMAX. In GRA multiple users are provided allocation as a group. Grouping is based on common traffic and channel characteristics and uses bitmaps to signal resource allocation information to users. Grouping of users and use of bitmaps reduces control overhead. Simulation results show that a 40% gain in VoIP capacity over WiMAX can be achieved with Group Resource Allocation.
Polydopamine Spheres as Active Templates for Convenient Synthesis of Various Nanostructures (2012)

In this work, monodisperse polydopamine (PDA) spheres with tunable diameters have been synthesized through a facile and low cost method using a deionized water and alcohol mixed solvent. The PDA spheres possess surface functional groups (-OH, -NH(2)), exhibiting an extraordinary versatile active nature. It is demonstrated that the PDA spheres could serve as an active template for the convenient synthesis of various nanostructures, e.g., MnO(2) hollow spheres or PDA/Fe(3)O(4) and PDA/Ag core/shell nanostructures. No surface modification or special treatment is required for the synthesis of these nanostructures, which makes the fabrication process simple and very convenient. The novel application of PDA/Fe(3)O(4) spheres as fillers in nanocomposites for high-performance capacitors is demonstrated, indicating a promising practicality. The PDA spheres provide a new general platform not only for the facile assembly of nanostructures but also a green synthetic template for practical applications.
A unified statistical model for the identification of English baseNP (2000)

This paper presents a novel statistical model for automatic identification of English baseNP. It uses two steps: the N-best Part-Of-Speech (POS) tagging and baseNP identification given the N-best POS-sequences. Unlike the other approaches where the two steps are separated, we integrate them into a unified statistical framework. Our model also integrates lexical information. Finally, Viterbi algorithm is applied to make global search in the entire sentence, allowing us to obtain linear complexity for the entire process. Compared with other methods using the same testing set, our approach achieves 92.3% in precision and 93.2% in recall. The result is comparable with or better than the previously reported results.
ChemInform Abstract: The Relaxin Peptide Family — Structure, Function and Clinical Applications (2011)

Abstract Review: 89 refs.
The role of endothelin receptor antagonists in cardiovascular pharmacotherapy (2001)

Endothelin (ET) is a hormone produced predominantly by endothelial cells which has been recognised to play a significant role in the development of several cardiovascular disease states. In order to combat the deleterious effects of ET, several ET-receptor antagonists (ETRA) are currently in clinical development. The agents developed thus far inhibit the actions of ET through either selective inhibition of the ET(A) receptors or non-selective inhibition of both ET(A) and ET(B) receptors. However, due to the differing proportions of the two receptor subtypes in various tissues, animal models and pathologies, it remains a matter of debate whether receptor selective agents impart significant clinical benefits over non-selective agents. This paper seeks to briefly summarise the important preclinical and clinical effects that have been reported in the literature and will attempt to provide a rationale for the use of both types of ETRAs in the treatment of both systemic and pulmonary hypertension as well as chronic heart failure (CHF).
A new framework for debugging globally optimized code (1999)

With an increasing number of executable binaries generated by optimizing compilers today, providing a clear and correct source-level debugger for programmers to debug optimized code has become a necessity. In this paper, a new framework for debugging globally optimized code is proposed. This framework consists of a new code location mapping scheme, a data location tracking scheme, and an emulation-based forward recovery model. By taking over the control early and emulating instructions selectively, the debugger can preserve and gather the required program state for the recovery of expected variable values at source breakpoints. The framework has been prototyped in the IMPACT compiler and GDB-4.16. Preliminary experiments conducted on several SPEC95 integer programs have yielded encouraging results. The extra time needed for the debugger to calculate the limits of the emulated region and to emulate instructions is hardly noticeable, while the increase in executable file size due to the extra debug information is on average 76% of that of the executable file with no debug information.
Self-Mode-Locking of Quantum Cascade Lasers with Giant Ultrafast Optical Nonlinearities (2000)

We report on the generation of picosecond self-mode-locked pulses from midinfrared quantum cascade lasers, at wavelengths within the important molecular fingerprint region. These devices are based on intersubband electron transitions in semiconductor nanostructures, which are characterized by some of the largest optical nonlinearities observed in nature and by picosecond relaxation lifetimes. Our results are interpreted with a model in which one of these nonlinearities, the intensity-dependent refractive index of the lasing transition, creates a nonlinear waveguide where the optical losses decrease with increasing intensity. This favors the generation of ultrashort pulses, because of their larger instantaneous intensity relative to continuous-wave emission.