gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interferon-γ and Proliferation Responses to Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhi Proteins in Patients with S. Typhi Bacteremia in Dhaka, Bangladesh (2011)

This is the first analysis of cellular immune responses to purified S. Typhi antigens in patients with typhoid fever. These results indicate that patients generate significant CD4 and CD8 interferon-γ responses to specific S. Typhi antigens during typhoid fever, and that these responses are elevated at the time of clinical presentation. These observations suggest that an interferon-γ based detection system could be used to diagnose individuals with typhoid fever during the acute stage of illness.
Omega-3 Endocannabinoid-Epoxides Are Novel Anti-inflammatory and Anti-Pain Lipid Metabolites (FS15-01-19) (2019)

Omega-3 fatty acid derived endocannabinoids are metabolized by cytochrome P450s to form bioactive endocannabinoid epoxides that are anti-inflammatory Lipidomics, LC-MS/MS, microglial cells culture, lipid synthesis, extractions, enzymology Cannabinoids are found in marijuana and also are produced naturally in the body from ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids. Exocannabinoids in marijuana, are known to be responsible for some of its euphoric effects, but they also exhibit anti-inflammatory benefits. Our study revealed a cascade of enzymatic reactions that convert ω-3 fatty acids into anti-inflammatory endocannabinoid epoxides that act through the same receptors in the body as marijuana (PNAS 2017). Endocannabinoids are ligands for cannabinoid receptor 1 and 2 (CB1 and CB2). CB1 receptor agonists exhibit psychotropic properties while CB2 receptor agonists have anti-inflammatory effects. Consequently, there is a strong interest in the discovery of CB2 selective agonists to mitigate inflammatory pathologies. The work details the discovery and characterization of naturally occurring ω-3–derived endocannabinoid epoxides that are formed via enzymatic oxidation of ω-3 endocannabinoids by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases. These dual functional ω-3 endocannabinoid epoxides exhibit preference towards binding to CB2 receptor and are anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory and reciprocally modulate platelet aggregation. Some of the other regioisomers of ω-3 endocannabinoid epoxides are partial agonists of CB1 and stop tumor cell metastasis (J. Med. Chem 2018). By virtue of their physiological properties, they are expected to play important roles in neuroinflammation and pain. This finding demonstrates how omega-3 fatty acids can produce some of the same medicinal qualities as marijuana, but without a psychotropic effect. In summary, the ω-3 endocannabinoid epoxides are found at concentrations comparable to those of other endocannabinoids and are expected to play critical roles during inflammation in vivo American Heart Association Scientist Development award, National Institute of Health (NIH) R01, NIH R03, USDA, National Multiple Sclerosis Society.
Exploring the manufacturability of using block copolymers as resist materials in conjunction with advanced lithographic tools (2007)

The authors discuss studies of the capabilities and advantages of using self-assembling block copolymers in the lithographic process. Directing the assembly of these materials on lithographically defined chemically nanopatterned surfaces offers the potential to improve the dimensional control of features at the nanoscale while retaining essential attributes of the lithographic process, such as registration, patterning of regular fabric architectures, and a high degree of pattern perfection.
Development and studies of novel microfabricated radiation hard scintillation detectors with high spatial resolution (2009)

A new type of scintillation detector is being developed with standard microfabrication techniques. It consists of a dense array of scintillating waveguides obtained by coupling microfluidic channels filled with liquid scintillator to photodetectors. Easy manipulation of liquid scintillators inside microfluidic devices allow their flushing, renewal and exchange making the active medium intrinsically radiation hard. The detectors have been fabricated by photostructuration of a radiation hard epoxy resin (SU-8) deposited on silicon wafers and coupled to a multi-anode photomultiplier tube (MAPMT) to read out the scintillation light. They have been characterized by exciting the liquid scintillator in the 200 micrometers thick microchannels with electrons from a <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">90</sup> Sr yielding approximately 1 photoelectron per impinging Minimum Ionizing Particle (MIP). These promising results demonstrate the concept of microfluidic scintillating detection and are very encouraging for future developments.
Character and phoneme recognition based on probability clustering (1994)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Lynn D. Wilcox, A. Lawrence Spitz; Character and phoneme recognition based on probability clustering. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 February 1994; 95 (2): 1185. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.408408 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Microwave ion source (1977)

A coaxial microwave ion source which provides high-current ion beams is presented. The microwave discharge takes place in a magnetic mirror field. The intensity of this field is higher than that of the electron cyclotron resonance at 2.45 GHz over the entire discharge region. The antenna of the discharge chamber is water cooled to protect the ceramic which is used as the vacuum seal as well as the conduit for microwaves into the discharge chamber. The ion beam is extracted through a three-stage multiaperture lens with 124 holes 3 mm in diameter. An electron suppressed Faraday cup is used to collect 200-mA argon and 400-mA hydrogen ion beams.
FEC and pseudo-ARQ for receiver-driven layered multicast (1999)

We consider the problem of joint source/channel coding of real-time sources, such as audio and video, for the purpose of multicasting over the Internet. The sender injects into the network multiple source layers and multiple channel (parity) layers, some of which are delayed relative to the source. Each receiver subscribes to the number of source layers and the number of channel layers that optimizes the source-channel rate allocation for that receiver’s available bandwidth and packet loss probability. We augment this layered FEC system with layered ARQ. Although feedback is normally problematic in broadcast situations, ARQ is simulated by having the receivers subscribe and unsubscribe to the delayed channel coding layers to receive missing information. This pseudo-ARQ scheme avoids an implosion of repeat requests at the sender, and is scalable to an unlimited number of receivers. We show gains of up to 18 dB on channels with 20% loss over systems without error control, and additional gains of up to 13 dB when FEC is augmented by pseudo-ARQ in a hybrid system. The hybrid system is controlled by an optimal policy for a Markov decision process.
Production of [<sup>124</sup>I]-iodine on an 11 MeV cyclotron (2006)

Summary The radiohalogen, 124 I, was produced by the 124 Te( p , n ) reaction from a glassy 124 TeO 2 /6%Al 2 O 3 melt on an 11 MeV proton cyclotron. A 20-degree inclined target withstands beam currents up to 20 μA with no physical damage to the substrate surface. Radioiodine was removed from the glassy melt by dry distillation techniques and trapped on cooled platinum wire. The radiochemical purity, determined by ion chromatography, shows a stable product in the iodide form over a lifetime of weeks.
Conserved nodulation genes from the non–legume symbiont<i>Bradyrhizobium</i>sp.<i>(Parasponia)</i> (1986)

A nodulation locus from the broad-host-range, non-legume symbiont Bradyrhizobium sp. (Parasponia) strain ANU289, has been identified by hybridisation to cloned Rhizobium trifolii nodulation (nod) genes. Transfer of cloned ANU289 nod genes to R.trifolii nodulation-deficient mutants showed that the locus contains a functional homologue of the R. trifolii nodD gene. DNA sequence analysis revealed the presence of three additional genes nodA, nodB and nodC clustered adjacent to nodD. The four genes from ANU289 share substantial sequence homology with those characterised from narrow-host-range Rhizobium strains. A novel 700-bp sequence inserted between the nodD and nodABC genes encodes an open reading frame designated nodK and is oriented in the same direction as nodABC. nodKABC appear to be organized in a single transcriptional unit and nodD is oriented divergently to nodKABC. A 35-bp sequence containing the ribosome binding site for the nodD gene and an AT-rich core sequence has been identified by comparison with sequences from other Rhizobium strains and is likely to be implicated in the plant-mediated induction of nodulation gene expression.
Arresting Elevated-Temperature Creep and Achieving Full Cross-Link Density Recovery in Reprocessable Polymer Networks and Network Composites via Nitroxide-Mediated Dynamic Chemistry (2021)

Thermosets and thermoset composites constitute an extraordinary challenge for recycling and participation in a circular economy because their permanent covalent cross-links prevent spent thermosets from being melt processed into new products. With annual world-wide production in the tens of billions of kilograms, the inability to recycle thermosets into high-value products represents major economic and sustainability losses. While recent research into polymer networks with dynamic covalent cross-links has indicated promise for reprocessability at common melt-state processing temperatures, a crucial shortcoming has been identified: such reprocessable networks and network composites commonly exhibit creep at use conditions due to their dynamic nature, which may prevent their use in applications that require long-term dimensional stability. Here, we use a strategy based on nitroxide-mediated polymerization to synthesize reprocessable networks and network composites containing alkoxyamine dynamic bonds. The resulting networks, including those synthesized from lab-grade polybutadiene and industrial-grade natural rubber/carbon black composites, exhibit full cross-link density recovery and essentially no creep at 80 °C, where alkoxyamine cross-links are nearly static, after multiple molding cycles at 140/160 °C, where alkoxyamine cross-links are dynamic. This capability to “turn on” and “arrest” dynamic chemistry over a relatively narrow temperature window is attributed to the high activation energy (∼120 kJ/mol) and thus strong temperature dependence of the alkoxyamine dissociation reaction. With this key element of high activation energy for the dissociation reaction in systems undergoing dynamic reversion or the dynamic exchange reaction in vitrimers, it is possible to design covalent network materials with acute temperature response allowing for reprocessability with outstanding elevated-temperature creep resistance.
Joint backup capacity allocation and embedding for survivable virtual networks (2017)

A key challenge in Network Virtualization is to efficiently map a virtual network (VN) on a substrate network (SN) while accounting for possible substrate failures. This is known as the Survivable Virtual Network Embedding (SVNE) problem. The state-of-the-art literature has studied the SVNE problem from infrastructure providers' (InPs) perspective, i.e., provisioning backup resources in the SN. A rather unexplored solution spectrum is to augment the VN with sufficient spare backup capacity to survive substrate failures and embed the resulting VN accordingly. Such augmentation enables InPs to offload failure recovery decisions to the VN operator, thus, providing more flexible VN management. In this paper, we study the problem of jointly optimizing spare backup capacity allocation in a VN and embedding the VN to guarantee full bandwidth in the presence of single substrate link failure. We formulate the optimal solution to the joint optimization problem as a quadratic integer program that we transform into an integer linear program. We propose a heuristic algorithm to solve larger instances of the problem. Simulation results show that our heuristic allocates ~21% extra resources compared to the optimal, while executing several orders of magnitude faster.
Mucus‐Penetrating Nanosuspensions for Enhanced Delivery of Poorly Soluble Drugs to Mucosal Surfaces (2016)

Mucus-penetrating nanosuspensions, consisting of pure hydrophobic therapeutics with dense muco-inert coatings that enable particles to effectively bypass the mucus barrier, demonstrate superior drug distribution and absorption at mucosal surfaces. With significantly increased drug load compared to polymeric systems and established clinical translation of nanosuspensions-based products, mucus-penetrating nanosuspensions are a promising vehicle for improving mucosal delivery of poorly soluble drugs.
Tools To Analyze Protein Farnesylation in Cells (2005)

Farnesylation of proteins is catalyzed by protein farnesyl transferase (FTase) and is obligatory for the function of the oncoprotein Ras and a variety of other physiologically important proteins. The rapid and selective detection of cellular protein farnesylation status is crucial to understanding both the function of farnesylated proteins and FTase inhibitors. The unnatural FPP analogue 8-anilinogeranyl diphosphate (AGPP, 3b) is an effective alternative substrate for mammalian FTase. Using antibodies specific for the anilinogeranyl moiety, we show that the alcohol precursor (AGOH, 5b) of AGPP is incorporated into cellular proteins in an FTase dependent manner competitive with endogenous pools of FPP. Continuous treatment of HEK-293 cells with 100 microM AGOH for up to 3 days is neither cytotoxic or cytostatic. Antibodies to detect the unnatural anilinogeranyl group were raised against bovine serum albumin (BSA) and keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) bioconjugates of the activated hapten N-hydroxyphthalimido-succinyl-(S-anilinogeranyl)-L-cysteine methyl ester 9a. Polyclonal antisera containing anti-anilinogeranyl antibodies were generated by immunization of rabbits and a monoclonal anti-anilinogeranyl antibody was raised in mice. ELISA and western blotting of anilinogeranyl modified proteins were used to show the selectivity and measure the titer of the antibodies. The unnatural FPP analogue and corresponding antibodies provide a simple and rapid method for monitoring FTase activity in cells and detection of cellular proteins modified by AGOH 5a.
A sensitive monoclonal antibody‐based enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay to quantify <i>Parietaria judaica</i> major allergens, Par j 1 and Par j 2 (2005)

The results proved the usefulness of the two-sandwich ELISA for the standardization of Parietaria pollen extracts intended for clinical use, because of its good correlation with allergenic potency.
Cell Broadband Engine™ processor security architecture and digital content protection (2006)

Current content protection technologies such as those based on broadcast encryption and public-key encryption focus on the distribution and control of content. Although these technologies are effective and mathematically sound, they are susceptible to systematic attacks that utilize any underlying platform weakness, bypassing the cryptographic strengths of the actual schemes. Thus, ensuring that the computing platform supports the cryptographic content protection layers on top is a critical issue. In this light, the Cell Broadband Engine (Cell BE) processor [1] security architecture has three core features that are well-suited for this purpose. First, it provides a hardware-enforced memory isolation whereby code and data are robustly protected during code execution. Unlike competing security solutions, this design is unique in that even if the supervisory software such as the operating system or the hypervisor is compromised, the memory isolation is guaranteed. In contrast, most security architectures rely on the perpetual integrity and security of its supervisory software to protect and separate the processes. Second, the Cell BE architecture provides the ability to do a hardware supported authentication of the software stack (i.e. "secure boot") during runtime. Many security architectures do a secure boot only at boot time with the assumption that if the software's integrity is verified at time 0, it can be trusted forever afterwards. However, many security attacks such as those that are software-based, compromise the software stack during runtime. The Cell BE protects against this by offering a runtime secure boot feature so that the software stack can be constantly re-verified. Third, the architecture provides a hardware key to act as the root of an encryption chain. Data encrypted by this key directly or indirectly can only be decrypted and provided to an application that is running in the isolated memory (the first feature) and has been verified (via the second feature). This significantly limits an adversary's chances of manipulating software to expose the keys fundamental to a content protection scheme.
Decoupling Control of Electric Power Steering System with Variable Gear Transmission System (2006)

In this paper a new control method of electric power steering (EPS) system with variable gear transfer system (VGTS) is proposed. The basic idea of controller design is to apply decoupling control to this system and to separately design controllers for two decoupled systems. The decoupled systems are torque control system and gear ratio control system. In angle control system the PID control is used for the desired gear ratio. In torque control system the PID control is used for the desired assist torque designed so as to achieve good steering feel. In order to evaluate steering feel the Lissajous curve between the steering torque and steering angle is used. The steering feel of the proposed controller is verified by numerical simulation tests
Supported liquid membrane system (1990)

A cell apparatus for a supported liquid membrane including opposing faceplates, each having a spirally configured groove, an inlet groove at a first end of the spirally configured groove, and an outlet groove at the other end of the spirally configured groove, within the opposing faces of the faceplates, a microporous membrane situated between the grooved faces of the faceplates, said microporous membrane containing an extractant mixture selective for a predetermined chemical species within the pores of said membrane, means for aligning the grooves of the faceplates in an directly opposing configuration with the porous membrane being situated therebetween, such that the aligned grooves form a pair of directly opposing channels, separate feed solution and stripping solution compartments connected to respective channels between the faceplates and the membrane, separate pumping means for passing feed solution and stripping solution through the channels is provided.
Mesh denoising via cascaded normal regression (2016)

We present a data-driven approach for mesh denoising. Our key idea is to formulate the denoising process with cascaded non-linear regression functions and learn them from a set of noisy meshes and their ground-truth counterparts. Each regression function infers the normal of a denoised output mesh facet from geometry features extracted from its neighborhood facets on the input mesh and sends the result as the input of the next regression function. Specifically, we develop a filtered facet normal descriptor (FND) for modeling the geometry features around each facet on the noisy mesh and model a regression function with neural networks for mapping the FNDs to the facet normals of the denoised mesh. To handle meshes with different geometry features and reduce the training difficulty, we cluster the input mesh facets according to their FNDs and train neural networks for each cluster separately in an offline learning stage. At runtime, our method applies the learned cascaded regression functions to a noisy input mesh and reconstructs the denoised mesh from the output facet normals. Our method learns the non-linear denoising process from the training data and makes no specific assumptions about the noise distribution and geometry features in the input. The runtime denoising process is fully automatic for different input meshes. Our method can be easily adapted to meshes with arbitrary noise patterns by training a dedicated regression scheme with mesh data and the particular noise pattern. We evaluate our method on meshes with both synthetic and real scanned noise, and compare it to other mesh denoising algorithms. Results demonstrate that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art mesh denoising methods and successfully removes different kinds of noise for meshes with various geometry features.
Design and synthesis of highly potent and selective cyclic dynorphin A analogs (1990)

We have designed and synthesized several cyclic disulfide-containing peptide analogues of dynorphin A (Dyn A) which are conformationally constrained in the putative "address" segment of the opioid ligand. Several of these Dyn A analogues exhibit unexpected selectivities for the kappa and mu opioid receptors(s) of the central vs peripheral nervous systems. Thus, incorporation of conformational constraint in the putative "address" segment of Dyn A analogues has resulted in the kappa/mu opioid receptor ligands [Cys5,Cys11]Dyn A1-11-NH2 (1) and [Cys5,Cys11,D-Ala8]Dyn A1-11-NH2 (2), which possess high kappa and mu opioid receptor affinities centrally (guinea pig brain, GPB), but only weak activity at peripheral kappa and mu opioid receptors (guinea pig ileum, GPI). On the other hand, [Cys8,Cys13]Dyn A1-13-NH2 and [D-Cys8,D-Cys13]Dyn A1-13-NH2 (5) display high kappa potencies and selectivities at the peripheral (GPI) but not at the central (GPB) kappa opioid receptor. The lack of correlation between the pharmacological profiles observed in smooth muscle and in the brain binding assays suggests the existence of different subtypes of the kappa and mu opioid receptors in the brain and peripheral nervous systems.
An Analytical Delay Model for Read Operation at Any Position on Dyamic Random Access Memory Bit Lines (1999)

In deep submicron devices, the delay of interconnect becomes comparable to that of gate, which limits the circuit performance. Thus, it seems more appropriate to model the interconnect and the gate as a single component in study the device performance. Taking this approach, we develop an analytical model for the signal for a pre-charged, deep submicron dynamic random access memory (DRAM) at any position on the bit lines for read logic-1 operation. The bit line is modeled as a distributed resistance-capacitance (RC) line and is simultaneously solved with the drain current model. The model agrees well with the simulation program integrated circuits emphasis (SPICE) simulations using Berkeley short-channel IGFET model version 3 (BSIM3) models for various values of the bit line resistance, the capacitance on both the bit line and the sense amplifier, and the cell device width.