gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
African Swine Fever Virus Structural Protein p54 Is Essential for the Recruitment of Envelope Precursors to Assembly Sites (2004)

The assembly of African swine fever virus (ASFV) at the cytoplasmic virus factories commences with the formation of precursor membranous structures, which are thought to be collapsed cisternal domains recruited from the surrounding endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This report analyzes the role in virus morphogenesis of the structural protein p54, a 25-kDa polypeptide encoded by the E183L gene that contains a putative transmembrane domain and localizes at the ER-derived envelope precursors. We show that protein p54 behaves in vitro and in infected cells as a type I membrane-anchored protein that forms disulfide-linked homodimers through its unique luminal cysteine. Moreover, p54 is targeted to the ER membranes when it is transiently expressed in transfected cells. Using a lethal conditional recombinant, vE183Li, we also demonstrate that the repression of p54 synthesis arrests virus morphogenesis at a very early stage, even prior to the formation of the precursor membranes. Under restrictive conditions, the virus factories appeared as discrete electron-lucent areas essentially free of viral structures. In contrast, outside the assembly sites, large amounts of aberrant zipper-like structures formed by the unprocessed core polyproteins pp220 and pp62 were produced in close association to ER cisternae. Altogether, these results indicate that the transmembrane structural protein p54 is critical for the recruitment and transformation of the ER membranes into the precursors of the viral envelope.
Improving security in computational electronic mail systems (1997)

Posits that computational electronic mail is essentially traditional electronic mail messages with embedded programs or interpretable scripts. States, at the recipient’s end, the mail reading software will distinguish it from normal mail, and executes it on confirmation by the recipient, and if appropriate, output from the program can be channelled back to the sender automatically for further processing. Shows that, despite its potential for many applications, it has not however, taken off in a big way. Major reasons stem from security concerns among users. Examines security issues associated with computational electronic mail systems and suggests some techniques and approaches for improving the security of such systems.
Synergy: A Hypervisor Managed Holistic Caching System (2017)

Efficient system-wide memory management is an important challenge for over-commitment based hosting in virtualized systems. Due to the limitation of memory domains considered for sharing, current deduplication solutions simply cannot achieve system-wide deduplication. Popular memory management techniques like sharing and ballooning enable important memory usage optimizations individually. However, they do not complement each other and, in fact, may degrade individual benefits when combined. We propose $\mathsf{Synergy}$Synergy, a hypervisor managed caching system to improve memory efficiency in over-commitment scenarios. $\mathsf{Synergy}$Synergy builds on an exclusive caching framework to achieve, for the first time, system-wide memory deduplication. $\mathsf{Synergy}$Synergy also enables the co-existence of the mutually agnostic ballooning and sharing techniques within hypervisor managed systems. Finally, $\mathsf{Synergy}$Synergy implements a novel file-level eviction policy that prevents hypervisor caching benefits from being squandered away due to partial cache hits. $\mathsf{Synergy}$Synergy's cache is flexible with configuration knobs for cache sizing and data storage options, and a utility-based cache partitioning scheme. Our evaluation shows that $\mathsf{Synergy}$Synergy consistently uses 10 to 75 percent lesser memory by exploiting system-wide deduplication as compared to inclusive caching techniques and achieves application speedup of 2x to 23x. We also demonstrate the capabilities of $\mathsf{Synergy}$Synergy to increase VM packing density and support for dynamic reconfiguration of cache partitioning policies.
Faked states attack using detector efficiency mismatch on SARG04, phase-time, DPSK, and Ekert protocols (2008)

In quantum cryptosystems, variations in detector efficiency can be exploited to stage a successful attack. This happens when the efficiencies of Bob's two detectors are different functions of a control parameter accessible to Eve (e.g., timing of the incoming pulses). It has previously been shown that the Bennett-Brassard 1984 (BB84) protocol is vulnerable to this attack. In this paper, we show that several other protocols and encodings may also be vulnerable. We consider a faked states attack in the case of a partial efficiency mismatch on the Scarani-Acin-Ribordy-Gisin 2004 (SARG04) protocol, and derive the quantum bit error rate as a function of detector efficiencies. Additionally, it is shown how faked states can in principle be constructed for quantum cryptosystems that use a phase-time encoding, the differential phase shift keying (DPSK) and the Ekert protocols.
Smad2 transduces common signals from receptor serine–threonine and tyrosine kinases (1998)

SMAD proteins mediate signals from receptor serine-threonine kinases (RSKs) of the TGF-beta superfamily. We demonstrate here that HGF and EGF, which signal through RTKs, can also mediate SMAD-dependent reporter gene activation and induce rapid phosphorylation of endogenous SMAD proteins by kinase(s) downstream of MEK1. HGF induces phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of epitope-tagged Smad2 and a mutation that blocks TGF-beta signaling also blocks HGF signal transduction. Smad2 may thus act as a common positive effector of TGF-beta- and HGF-induced signals and serve to modulate cross talk between RTK and RSK signaling pathways.
The rheology and processing of “edge sheared” colloidal polymer opals (2014)

This paper is concerned with the rheology and processing of solvent-free core shell “polymer opals” that consist of a soft outer shell grafted to hard colloidal polymer core particles. Strong iridescent colors can be produced by shearing the material in a certain way that causes the initially disordered spheres to rearrange into ordered crystalline structures and produce colors by diffraction and interference of multiple light scattering, similar to gemstone opals. The basic linear viscoelastic rheology of a polymer opal sample was determined as a function of temperature, and the material was found to be highly viscoelastic at all tested temperatures. A Cambridge multipass rheometer was specifically modified in order to make controlled mechanical measurements of initially disordered polymer opal tapes that were sandwiched between protective polyethylene terephthalate sheets. Axial extension, simple shear, and a novel “edge shearing” geometry were all evaluated, and multiple successive experiments of the edge shearing test were carried out at different temperatures. The optical development of colloidal ordering, measured as optical opalescence, was quantified by spectroscopy using visible backscattered light. The development of opalescence was found to be sensitive to the geometry of deformation and a number of process variables suggesting a complex interaction of parameters that caused the opalescence. In order to identify aspects of the deformation mechanism of the edge shearing experiment, a separate series of in situ optical experiments were carried out and this helped indicate the extent of simple shear generated with each edge shear deformation. The results show that strong ordering can be induced by successive edge shearing deformation. The results are relevant to polymer opal rheology, processing, and mechanisms relating to ordering within complex viscoelastic fluids.
Towards safer vectors for the field release of recombinant bacteria (2002)

The prospect of the deliberate environmental release of genetically manipulated microorganisms has given rise to a great deal of polemic. Amongst the rational scientific concerns are those concerned with the fate of the released bacteria, the fate of the recombinant genes that they carry, the selective pressures acting upon them in different environmental situations and the long term effects on the environment and human health. All recombinant DNA is carried by vectors (plasmids, transposons or bacteriophage or remnants of these). Thus the way in which recombinant constructions are made may itself lead to potential biosafety concerns, irrespective of the host bacterium and the recombinant DNA fragment of primary interest. The purpose of the present review is to assess progress in improved vector design aimed at eliminating risks due to the way recombinant vectors are constructed. Improved vector constructions include the avoidance of the use, or removal, of antibiotic resistance genes, the use of defective transposons rather than plasmids in order to reduce horizontal transfer and the development of conditionally lethal suicide systems. More recently, new site-specific recombination systems have permitted transposon vectors to be manipulated following strain construction, but before environmental release, so that virtually all recombinant DNA not directly involved in the release experiment is eliminated. Such bacteria are thus pseudo-wild type in that they contain no heterologous DNA other than the genes of interest.
Electrically Addressable Cell Immobilization Using Phenylboronic Acid Diazonium Salts (2008)

Holding cells: Individual gold electrodes can be activated by phenylboronic acid diazonium salts for the facile and reversible immobilization of eukaryotic cells (see scheme). This platform provides a simple method for on-demand release of captured cells (yeast and macrophage) and can be used in single-cell or array-based studies. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2008/z704597_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Blind Carrier Frequency Offset Estimation Based on Eighth-Order Statistics for Coherent Optical QAM Systems (2011)

We propose a carrier frequency offset estimation (FOE) algorithm based on eighth-order statistics for optical quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signals. The FOE algorithm does not involve fast Fourier transformation and can be implemented by hardware with little memory and computation resources. Simulation results show that in a 10.709-GBaud/s optical 16-QAM system, carrier frequency offset ranging between ± 1.25 GHz can be estimated with a uniform standard deviation of 2 MHz when the optical signal-to-noise ratio is 17 dB and 4 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10</sup> symbols are utilized.
“Polícia do turista ”:: contradições e revelações (2018)

Para pensar na atividade turística e a problemática da segurança pública, o\n contexto atual induz algumas indagações, quais sejam: o aumento dos índices de violência homicida retrai a atividade turística? A imagem transmitida pelos noticiários é considerada pelos turistas no momento das mescolhas relativas aos seus destinos? As políticas públicas para o turismo consideram a importância da segurança pública? Como o Estado – enquanto realizador da utopia contratualista do “bem comum” \n– tem agido para sanar determinados problemas relativos à segurança dos turistas e dos munícipes? Longe de tentar responder ou equacionar estas questões, busca\n-se aqui, sob a forma livre de ensaio, problematizar acerca da relação turismo\n-violência e o papel desempenhado pela denominada “polícia do turista”, comum em muitas cidades turísticas
Pixel and Feature Level Based Domain Adaption for Object Detection in Autonomous Driving (2018)

Annotating large scale datasets to train modern convolutional neural networks is prohibitively expensive and time-consuming for many real tasks. One alternative is to train the model on labeled synthetic datasets and apply it in the real scenes. However, this straightforward method often fails to generalize well mainly due to the domain bias between the synthetic and real datasets. Many unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) methods are introduced to address this problem but most of them only focus on the simple classification task. In this paper, we present a novel UDA model to solve the more complex object detection problem in the context of autonomous driving. Our model integrates both pixel level and feature level based transformtions to fulfill the cross domain detection task and can be further trained end-to-end to pursue better performance. We employ objectives of the generative adversarial network and the cycle consistency loss for image translation in the pixel space. To address the potential semantic inconsistency problem, we propose region proposal based feature adversarial training to preserve the semantics of our target objects as well as further minimize the domain shifts. Extensive experiments are conducted on several different datasets, and the results demonstrate the robustness and superiority of our method.
Acute B-type natriuretic peptide response and early postoperative right ventricular physiology following tetralogy of Fallot's repair (2012)

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) response early after a tetralogy of Fallot's repair remains unclear. BNP was measured pre- and post-operatively (immediately, day 1) in 18 children undergoing corrective repair with concurrent echocardiography (pre-, post-op day 1) to assess right ventricular (RV) systolic dysfunction, restrictive physiology, wall motion and pulmonary regurgitation (PR). In the first 24 h postoperatively, BNP rose acutely in all patients (mean 34.9 vs 144.4 vs 716.9 pg/ml at pre-op, days 0 and 1; P < 0.001). Immediate postoperative BNP correlated with preoperative haematocrit (rho = 0.52, P = 0.03) and inversely with preoperative oxygen saturation (rho = -0.63, P = 0.007). All patients showed reduced RV systolic function and abnormal wall motion with at least moderate PR in six patients (33.3%) and restrictive physiology in four (24%). Subsequent BNP expression (post-op day 1) correlated with a low RV fractional area change (rho = -0.51, P = 0.04), high oxygen extraction ratio (rho = 0.56, P = 0.02) and high central venous pressure (rho = 0.79, P < 0.001). The LV function and wall motion remained preserved in all patients. The mechanism of BNP expression is likely to be multi-factorial in the presence of a complex postoperative RV physiology in tetralogy of Fallot. An acute BNP response in the early postoperative period reflects an important physiological role and may be used as an adjunct biomarker to assess the RV function.
Learning Probability Measures with respect to Optimal Transport Metrics (2012)

We study the problem of estimating, in the sense of optimal transport metrics, a measure which is assumed supported on a manifold embedded in a Hilbert space. By establishing a precise connection between optimal transport metrics, optimal quantization, and learning theory, we derive new probabilistic bounds for the performance of a classic algorithm in unsupervised learning (k-means), when used to produce a probability measure derived from the data. In the course of the analysis, we arrive at new lower bounds, as well as probabilistic upper bounds on the convergence rate of the empirical law of large numbers, which, unlike existing bounds, are applicable to a wide class of measures.
Using Bidirectional Search to Compute Optimal Shortest Paths over Multi-weight Graphs (2013)

Computing the shortest path between two vertices in a given graph finds out vast applications. Currently most state-of-the-art research studies the shortest path computation problem in single-weight graphs, i.e., each edge in the graph has only one weight. In some applications, there are multiple weights on an edge, and those weights need to be considered when computing the shortest path. However, the sub-path property that any sub-path on a shortest path is also a shortest path, is violated in multi-weight graphs, and hence those state-of-the-arts could not be directly applied. This paper proposes a Bidirectional Best-First Search (BBFS) method with heuristic optimizations to find an optimal shortest path in multi-weight graphs. Experiments show that compared to the single search Best-First Search (BFS), BBFS has higher performance. Meanwhile, BBFS has high accuracy especially for long paths search.
Towards automatic program partitioning (2009)

There is a trend towards using accelerators to increase performance and energy efficiency of general-purpose processors. Adoption of accelerators, however, depends on the availability of tools to facilitate programming these devices.
Semiconductor electrodes. 12. Photoassisted oxidations and photoelectrosynthesis at polycrystalline titanium dioxide electrodes (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSemiconductor electrodes. 12. Photoassisted oxidations and photoelectrosynthesis at polycrystalline titanium dioxide electrodesSteven N. Frank and Allen J. BardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 14, 4667–4675Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00456a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00456a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views923Altmetric-Citations131LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Metabolite Profiling of Diverse Rice Germplasm and Identification of Conserved Metabolic Markers of Rice Roots in Response to Long-Term Mild Salinity Stress (2015)

The sensitivity of rice to salt stress greatly depends on growth stages, organ types and cultivars. Especially, the roots of young rice seedlings are highly salt-sensitive organs that limit plant growth, even under mild soil salinity conditions. In an attempt to identify metabolic markers of rice roots responding to salt stress, metabolite profiling was performed by ¹H-NMR spectroscopy in 38 rice genotypes that varied in biomass accumulation under long-term mild salinity condition. Multivariate statistical analysis showed separation of the control and salt-treated rice roots and rice genotypes with differential growth potential. By quantitative analyses of ¹H-NMR data, five conserved salt-responsive metabolic markers of rice roots were identified. Sucrose, allantoin and glutamate accumulated by salt stress, whereas the levels of glutamine and alanine decreased. A positive correlation of metabolite changes with growth potential and salt tolerance of rice genotypes was observed for allantoin and glutamine. Adjustment of nitrogen metabolism in rice roots is likely to be closely related to maintain the growth potential and increase the stress tolerance of rice.
Worker Centers: Organizing Communities at the Edge of the Dream (2006)

The abstract, table of contents, and first twenty-five pages are published with permission from the Cornell University Press. For ordering information, please visit the Cornell University Press at http://www.cornellpress.cornell.edu/.
Promising Interventions for Promoting Emergent Literacy Skills (2003)

The decade of the 1990s saw a tremendous increase in research studying the value of emergent literacy intervention, particularly for meeting the needs of children at risk. Such studies have documented the positive effects of adult—child shared storybook reading, literacy-enriched play settings, and structured phonological awareness curricula for enhancing the emergent literacy skills of young children. This article defines emergent literacy, discusses the meaning of evidence-based practice, and describes three promising evidence-based approaches for emergent literacy intervention.
SYNGAP1: Mind the Gap (2016)

A cardinal feature of early stages of human brain development centers on the sensory, cognitive, and emotional experiences that shape neuronal-circuit formation and refinement. Consequently, alterations in these processes account for many psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Neurodevelopment disorders affect 3-4% of the world population. The impact of these disorders presents a major challenge to clinicians, geneticists, and neuroscientists. Mutations that cause neurodevelopmental disorders are commonly found in genes encoding proteins that regulate synaptic function. Investigation of the underlying mechanisms using gain or loss of function approaches has revealed alterations in dendritic spine structure, function, and plasticity, consequently modulating the neuronal circuit formation and thereby raising the possibility of neurodevelopmental disorders resulting from synaptopathies. One such gene, SYNGAP1 (Synaptic Ras-GTPase-activating protein) has been shown to cause Intellectual Disability (ID) with comorbid Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and epilepsy in children. SYNGAP1 is a negative regulator of Ras, Rap and of AMPA receptor trafficking to the postsynaptic membrane, thereby regulating not only synaptic plasticity, but also neuronal homeostasis. Recent studies on the neurophysiology of SYNGAP1, using Syngap1 mouse models, have provided deeper insights into how downstream signaling proteins and synaptic plasticity are regulated by SYNGAP1. This knowledge has led to a better understanding of the function of SYNGAP1 and suggests a potential target during critical period of development when the brain is more susceptible to therapeutic intervention.
Undecagold cluster modified tRNA<sup>Phe</sup> from <i>Escherichia coli</i> and its activity in the protein elongation cycle (1994)

An undecagold cluster (Au11) of molecular mass 6200Da was attached to the 3-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)uridine at position 47 of tRNA(Phe) from Escherichia coli. This modified tRNA can be enzymically aminoacylated with phenylalanine in the reaction catalyzed by phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase. Au11-labeled Phe-tRNA(Phe) forms a ternary complex with the elongation factor Tu.GTP and is active in poly(U)-dependent poly(phe) synthesis. The Au11 modification does not hinder the specific binding of tRNA to distinct ribosomal binding sites or the precise positioning of the aminoacyl and peptidyl residues in the peptidyltransferase center, and does not impair the translocation. The modified tRNA is suitable for the identification of ribosomal binding sites by scanning transmission electron microscopy and for crystallographic studies of the 70S ribosome at different states of the protein-elongation cycle.