gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Grating assisted mode coupling in microring resonators (2013)

We present our work on developing a new class of photonic devices realized by selective coupling of degenerate modes in microring resonators using gratings. Engineering the reflection spectrum and the radiation quality factor are demonstrated.
<title>Lifetime studies of Mo/Si and Mo/Be multilayer coatings for extreme ultraviolet lithography</title> (1999)

Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (EUVL) is a candidate for future application by the semiconductor industry in the production of sub-100 nm feature sizes in integrated circuits. Using multilayer reflective coatings optimized at wavelengths ranging from 11 to 14 nm, EUVL represents a potential successor to currently existing optical lithography techniques. In order to assess lifetimes of the multilayer coatings under realistic conditions, a series of radiation stability tests has been performed. In each run a dose of EUV radiation equivalent to several months of lithographic operation was applied to Mo/Si and Mo/Be multilayer coatings within a few days. Depending on the residual gas concentration in the vacuum environment, surface deposition of carbon during the exposure lead to losses in the multilayer reflectivity. However, in none of the experimental runs was structural damage within the bulk of the multilayers observed. Mo/Si multilayer coatings recovered their full original reflectivity after removal of the carbon layer by an ozone cleaning method. Auger depth profiling on Mo/Be multilayers indicate that carbon penetrated into the Be top layer during illumination with high doses of EUV radiation. Subsequent ozone cleaning fully removed the carbon, but revealed enhanced oxidation of the area illuminated, which led to an irreversible loss in reflectance on the order of 1%.
Large scale semi-supervised linear SVMs (2006)

Large scale learning is often realistic only in a semi-supervised setting where a small set of labeled examples is available together with a large collection of unlabeled data. In many information retrieval and data mining applications, linear classifiers are strongly preferred because of their ease of implementation, interpretability and empirical performance. In this work, we present a family of semi-supervised linear support vector classifiers that are designed to handle partially-labeled sparse datasets with possibly very large number of examples and features. At their core, our algorithms employ recently developed modified finite Newton techniques. Our contributions in this paper are as follows: (a) We provide an implementation of Transductive SVM (TSVM) that is significantly more efficient and scalable than currently used dual techniques, for linear classification problems involving large, sparse datasets. (b) We propose a variant of TSVM that involves multiple switching of labels. Experimental results show that this variant provides an order of magnitude further improvement in training efficiency. (c) We present a new algorithm for semi-supervised learning based on a Deterministic Annealing (DA) approach. This algorithm alleviates the problem of local minimum in the TSVM optimization procedure while also being computationally attractive. We conduct an empirical study on several document classification tasks which confirms the value of our methods in large scale semi-supervised settings.
Welding and weldability of ductile intermetallic alloys. [(Fe,Ni)/sub 3/(V,Ti); (Fe,Co)/sub 3/(V,Ti)] (1987)

Successful welds have been produced in several nickel aluminide (Ni/sub 3/Al) alloys. Weldability has been found to be a strong function of boron, other alloying additions, and welding speed. Cracking during welding observed in some of the aluminides was predominantly in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and was always intergranular. Additions of iron promote the formation of a second phase. The observed HAZ cracking in some of these alloys resulted from thermal stresses imposed on this region of the weldment at elevated temperature and from grain boundary weakness. Sound welds were produced in sheets of (Fe,Ni)/sub 3/(V,Ti) and (Fe,Co)/sub 3/(V,Ti) ordered alloys. Welds of (Fe,Ni)/sub 3/(V,Ti) were disordered, but the tensile properties were not adversely affected. A reordering heat treatment restored the weldment properties to those of the base metal. Welds of (Fe,Co)/sub 3/(V,Ti) remained ordered after the weld thermal cycle. Factors that seem to influence the weldment properties include ordered domain size and precipitation of carbide. 23 refs., 8 figs., 24 tabs.
Process for Overcoming Drug Retention in Hard Gelatin Inhalation Capsules (2002)

The quantity and consistency of drug delivery from dry powder inhalation devices that incorporate a pre-measured dose in a hard shell capsule of gelatin or other compatible material can be negatively affected by mold release lubricants used in capsule manufacturing. This paper describes a novel process employing supercritical CO2 for selective extraction of the fraction of lubricant responsible for the observed high and inconsistent drug retention in capsules and the ensuing lack of reproducibility of drug delivery. The process allows for lubricant removal from seemingly inaccessible interior surfaces of assembled capsule shells without altering the structural or chemical properties of the capsules. Diffusion limitations are overcome through repeated pressure increase and decrease to generate significant convective flow of dissolved lubricant out of the capsule. Drug retention is alleviated only if nearly all the retentive fraction of the lubricant is removed. The effect of extraction with supercritical CO2 on the structure of the internal surfaces of the capsules is investigated using scanning electron microscopy. Key performance parameters such as drug and carrier retention and fine particle mass are investigated using simulated inhalation tests. Laboratory and pilot scale extractions yielded similar results.
Adaptive impulsive noise mitigation using Multi Mode Compressive Sensing for powerline communications (2012)

We propose an adaptive algorithm based on Compressive Sensing (CS) to mitigate impulsive noise (IN) from Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) based systems. In recent CS literature on IN mitigation, the sparsity of IN is assumed to be constant and thereby the number of pilots to reconstruct IN is also fixed. However, in practical systems especially in Power Line Communications (PLC) the sparsity of IN changes significantly over time. This limits the application of traditional CS algorithms. Therefore, we develop a Multi Mode Compressive Sensing (MMCS) scheme that adaptively changes the number of pilots used to reconstruct the IN depending on the IN's current severity. The scheme not only stabilizes the Bit Error Rate (BER) in stern IN conditions but also improves overall system throughput.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 1‐(1,2‐Benzisothiazol‐3‐yl)‐ and (l,2‐Benzisoxazol‐3‐yl)piperazine Derivatives as Potential Antipsychotic Agents. (1986)

Abstract Die nach verschiedenen Methoden dargestellten Heterocyclen (IV) werden mit Piperazin bzw. Homopiperazin (X) zu den Verbindungen (XI) umgesetzt.
Trifunctional agents as a design strategy for tailoring ligand properties: irreversible inhibitors of A1 adenosine receptors (1991)

The 1,3-phenylene diisothiocyanate conjugate of XAC (8-[4-[[[[(2-aminoethyl)amino]carbonyl]methyl]- oxy]phenyl]-1,3-dipropylxanthine, a potent A1 selective adenosine antagonist) has been characterized as an irreversible inhibitor of A1 adenosine receptors. To further extend this work, a series of analogues were prepared containing a third substituent in the phenyl isothiocyanate ring, incorporated to modify the physiochemical or spectroscopic properties of the conjugate. Symmetrical trifunctional cross-linking reagents bearing two isothiocyanate groups were prepared as general intermediates for cross-linking functionalized congeners and receptors. Xanthine isothiocyanate derivatives containing hydrophilic, fluorescent, or reactive substituents, linked via an amide, thiourea, or methylene group in the 5-position, were synthesized and found to be irreversible inhibitors of A1 adenosine receptors. The effects of the 5-substituent on water solubility and on the A1/A2 selectivity ratio derived from binding assays in rat brain membranes were examined. Inhibition of binding of [3H]-N6-(2-phenylisopropyl)-adenosine and [3H] CGS21680 (2-[2-[4-carboxyethyl)phenyl]ethyl]amino] adenosine-5'-N-ethylcarboxamide) at central A1 and A2 adenosine receptors, respectively, was measured. A conjugate of XAC and 1,3,5-triisothiocyanatobenzene was 894-fold selective for A1 receptors. Reporter groups, such as fluorescent dyes and a spin-label, were included as chain substituents in the irreversible binding analogues, which were designed for spectroscopic assays, histochemical characterization, and biochemical characterization of the receptor protein.
Biological control of post-harvest late blight of potatoes (2007)

Abstract Introduction of US-8 genotypes of Phytophthora infestans has coincided with an increase in severity of potato late blight in North America. As alternatives to chemical fungicides, 18 bacterial strains patented as biological control agents (BCA) of both sprouting and Fusarium dry rot were cultivated in three liquid media and screened in wounded potato bioassays for their ability to suppress late blight incited by P. infestans (US-8, mating type A2). Washed or unwashed stationary-phase bacteria were mixed with fungal zoospores to inoculate potato wounds with 5µL containing ∼108 bacterial CFU/mL and 2×104 zoospore count/mL. Disease suppressiveness was evaluated after tubers were stored a week at 15°C, 90% relative humidity. One-fifth of the 108 BCA treatments screened, reduced late blight by 25–60%, including among other strains Pseudomonas fluorescens S22:T:04 (showing most consistency), P22:Y:05, S11:P:12 and Enterobacter cloacae S11:T:07. Small-scale pilot testing of these four strains, alone and in combination, was conducted under conditions simulating a commercial application. Suspensions of 4×104 P. infestans sporangia/mL were sprayed at a rate of 1.6 mL followed by 0.8 mL of bacteria treatment at ∼5×109 CFU/mL per each of 90 unwounded potatoes. Three replicate boxes per treatment (30 tubers per box) were randomized in storage and maintained 4 weeks at 7.2°C, 95% relative humidity. All BCA treatments significantly reduced disease; and unwashed bacteria outperformed those washed free of culture broth. Disease suppression ranged from 35% up to 86% the first test year and from 35 to 91% the second year. Highest overall performance rankings significantly above the control were achieved by the following strains in culture broth: four-strain mix > P. fluorescens S22:T:04> P. fluorescens S11:P:12. Combined with previous demonstrations of dry rot and sprout suppression, the consistent late blight control by these strains and strain mixtures suggests the commercial feasibility of a single treatment for broad spectrum suppression of post-harvest potato diseases and sprouting.
Phase 1 single-center, dose escalation study of D2C7-IT administered intratumorally via convection-enhanced delivery for adult patients with recurrent malignant glioma. (2017)

e13532 Background: D2C7 immunotoxin (D2C7-IT) is a dual-specific recombinant immunotoxin consisting of EGFR-wt and EGFRvIII monoclonal antibodies with a genetically engineered Pseudomonas exotoxin, PE-38KDEL. The primary objective is to determine the maximum tolerated dose of D2C7-IT when delivered intratumorally by convection enhanced delivery (CED). Methods: Inclusion criteria includes subjects with a single, recurrent supratentorial WHO grade III or IV glioma, KPS ≥ 70 and a washout of chemotherapy, bevacizumab or study drug of ≥ 4 weeks. Prior to administration of D2C7-IT, recurrent tumor must be confirmed by histopathology. A minimum of 2 subjects are accrued by dose level. Results: Currently, 23 subjects have been treated (16 male, 7 female) with a median age of 54 years. Out of 9 dose levels, 2 subjects have been treated at every dose except for 4 at dose level 3 (120 ng/ml) and 5 at dose 6 (405ng/ml). Adverse events possibly, probably or definitely related to D2C7-IT are mostly grade 1 or 2 events consisting of, but not limited to: intracranial hemorrhage (n = 1), stroke (n = 2), headache (n = 15), seizure (n = 5), confusion (n = 4), paresthesia (n = 4), dysarthria (n = 1), dysphasia (n = 4), visual disturbances (n = 7), fatigue (n = 4), gait disturbance (n = 2), elevated transaminases (n = 5), decreased platelets (n = 3), decreased neutrophil count (n = 1), nausea (n = 3), vomiting (n = 1), and thromboembolic event (n = 1). There was 1 dose limiting toxicity (grade 4 seizure at dose level 3), 2 grade 3 headaches and 1 grade 3 elevated ALT. 14 subjects are still alive with 6 remaining on study. So far, the longest survival time from infusion is 18.2+ months. Conclusions: D2C7-IT infusion via CED is safe with encouraging results. This dose escalation Phase I study is ongoing and will set the stage for the Phase II trial. Clinical trial information: NCT02303678.
Uplink Load Based Scheduling for CDMA Systems (2013)

Cellular third-generation wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) systems must meet interference constraints to maintain coverage when uplink traffic is scheduled. The interference constraints can be expressed in the form of load factor constraints but current scheduling algorithms are typically not formulated in terms of these variables. The current paper shows how a cost function for the scheduling problem can be expressed directly in terms of load factors. A near optimal solution is developed for the resulting problem.
An Area-Efficient FPGA-Based Architecture for Fully-Parallel Stochastic LDPC Decoding (2007)

Stochastic decoding is a new alternative method for low complexity decoding of error-correcting codes. This paper presents the first hardware architecture for stochastic decoding of practical Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes on factor graphs. The proposed architecture makes fully-parallel decoding of (long) state-of-the-art LDPC codes viable on FP-GAs. Implementation results for a (1024, 512) fully-parallel LDPC decoder shows an area requirement of about 36% of a Xilinx Virtex-4 XC4VLX200 device and a throughput of 706 Mbps at a bit-error-rate of about 1 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-6</sup> with performance loss0 of about 0.1 dB, with respect to the nearly ideal floating-point sum-product algorithm with 32 iterations.
A DNA damage and stress inducible G protein-coupled receptor blocks cells in G<sub>2</sub>/M (1998)

Cell cycle progression is monitored by highly coordinated checkpoint machinery, which is activated to induce cell cycle arrest until defects like DNA damage are corrected. We have isolated an anti-proliferative cell cycle regulator named G2A (for G2 accumulation), which is predominantly expressed in immature T and B lymphocyte progenitors and is a member of the seven membrane-spanning G protein-coupled receptor family. G2A overexpression attenuates the transformation potential of BCR-ABL and other oncogenes, and leads to accumulation of cells at G2/M independently of p53 and c-Abl. G2A can be induced in lymphocytes and to a lesser extent in nonlymphocyte cell lines or tissues by multiple stimuli including different classes of DNA-damaging agents and serves as a response to damage and cellular stimulation which functions to slow cell cycle progression.
FlashTrie: Hash-based Prefix-Compressed Trie for IP Route Lookup Beyond 100Gbps (2010)

It is becoming apparent that the next generation IP route lookup architecture needs to achieve speeds of 100-Gbps and beyond while supporting both IPv4 and IPv6 with fast real-time updates to accommodate ever-growing routing tables. Some of the proposed multibit-trie based schemes, such as Tree Bitmap, have been used in today's high-end routers. However, their large data structure often requires multiple external memory accesses for each route lookup. A pipelining technique is widely used to achieve high-speed lookup with a cost of using many external memory chips. Pipelining also often leads to poor memory load-balancing. In this paper, we propose a new IP route lookup architecture called FlashTrie that overcomes the shortcomings of the multibit-trie based approach. We use a hash-based membership query to limit off-chip memory accesses per lookup to one and to balance memory utilization among the memory modules. We also develop a new data structure called Prefix-Compressed Trie that reduces the size of a bitmap by more than 80%. Our simulation and implementation results show that FlashTrie can achieve 160-Gbps worst-case throughput while simultaneously supporting 2-M prefixes for IPv4 and 279-k prefixes for IPv6 using one FPGA chip and four DDR3 SDRAM chips. FlashTrie also supports incremental real-time updates.
Physicochemical properties and microstructures of core-shell type cerium oxide/organic polymer nanospheres (2009)

Recently, core-shell type spherical nanoparticles (nanospheres) (core: cerium oxide, shell: organic polymer) that have a monodisperse size distribution and disperse easily in water and alcohol have been reported. Core-shell type cerium oxide/organic polymer nanospheres were characterized with respect to physicochemical properties and microstructure. As-prepared nanospheres have no pores with a size of 4 nm or less, while the nanospheres calcined at 600°C had the pores with a size of 4 nm or less. These pores are considered to be on the surface of the core. The as-prepared nanospheres and those calcined at 600°C had size distribution peaks in the range of 20-60 and 70-110 nm, respectively. The specific surface area and total pore volume of the as-prepared nanospheres were 82.8 m2/g and 0.211 cm3/g, respectively. For core-shell type nanospheres with a size of 114 nm, the diameter of the core particles was 88-92 nm and the thickness of the shell was 11-13 nm. Transmission electron microscopy images revealed that the core had dense structure. The average density of the core-shell type nanospheres was in the range of 4.2-4.6 g/cm3.
The interface of capillary electrophoresis with high performance fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry for biomolecule characterization (1996)

The interfacing of capillary electrophoresis (CE) with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) and the factors which dictate obtainable performance (i.e., sensitivity, mass resolution, scan rate and duty cycle) are described. We demonstrate the current status of the technique with examples of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and capillary isotachophoresis (CITP) with FTICR analyses of proteins and oligonucleotides, and describe current limitations on sensitivity and scan speed. The first on-line interfacing of capillary isoelectric focusing (CIEF) with FTICR is also demonstrated and shown to be effective for separating minor components of protein mixtures for on-line mass spectral analysis. Finally, the potential for greatly improved performance based upon recent advances in FTICR instrumentation and methods is briefly described.
A linear Kalman filter approach for estimation of a vehicle's motion parameters using range-Doppler tracking and road information (2009)

For the processing of ISAR images of curving vehicles, the accurate knowledge of the target position as well as the aspect angle rate is essential. Especially when the targets are non-cooperative, there are no measurements like GPS positions available. This paper presents a Kalman filter [1] based algorithm which fuses radar measurements of distance and velocity in line of sight with road information. The result is a set of parameters containing target position, velocity and acceleration, each in Cartesian coordinates. The aspect angle can then be obtained by calculating the angle between target velocity vector and the slant range vector.
Investigating the querying and browsing behavior of advanced search engine users (2007)

One way to help all users of commercial Web search engines be more successful in their searches is to better understand what those users with greater search expertise are doing, and use this knowledge to benefit everyone. In this paper we study the interaction logs of advanced search engine users (and those not so advanced) to better understand how these user groups search. The results show that there are marked differences in the queries, result clicks, post-query browsing, and search success of users we classify as advanced (based on their use of query operators), relative to those classified as non-advanced. Our findings have implications for how advanced users should be supported during their searches, and how their interactions could be used to help searchers of all experience levels find more relevant information and learn improved searching strategies.
Combinatorial Discovery of Platinum Alloy Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Electro-reduction (2007)

The oxygen electro-reduction properties of various platinum alloys were studied using a combinatorial high throughput method. Binary and ternary platinum alloys were fabricated using a multi-source physical vapor deposition system and the resulting thin film samples were electrochemically screened by the hydrodynamic rotating disk electrode technique. By comparing the activity-stability-composition relationship between these alloys and a pure platinum film, over 10 alloy catalyst candidates were identified with mass-fraction specific activities of 5 to 10 times that of pure platinum. Additionally, organometallic synthesis methods have been studied to synthesize carbon supported alloy nanoparticles. A good relationship of the molecular oxygen electro-reduction has been found between alloy thin film and powder catalysts.
Research and Development of Staging Fuel Nozzle for Aeroengine (2009)

Research and development of combustion technologies to reduce NOx emission of aero-engines to 20% of ICAO CAEP4 is progressing as a part of a project of JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency), the Technology Development for Clean Engine (TechCLEAN). To realize such low NOx level on aero-engines, it is necessary to use not conventional combustion system such as rich-lean combustion but advanced one such as premixed combustion. We are conducting research and development of staging fuel nozzles that use diffusion combustion for the pilot nozzle and premixed combustion for the main nozzle. As the first step, five fuel nozzles were tested experimentally in the form of single-sector combustor. Test conditions were selected as the LTO cycle of presumed small-class engines. From the result of tests, to combine the combustion efficiency in low engine power condition and low NOx emission in high power one, fuel nozzle models that have triple contrary swirler are suitable. However, the combustion efficiency in 7%MTO is lower than that of current engines. It is necessary to decrease the emission of CO.
Enhanced Time-domain Photoacoustic Tomography through Total-variation Minimization (2010)

A total-variation-minimization-based iterative algorithm is described in this paper that enhances the quality of reconstructed images with time-domain data over that obtained previously with a regularized least-squares approach.