gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analogs of GnRH-I and GnRH-II inhibit epidermal growth factor-induced signal transduction and resensitize resistant human breast cancer cells to 4OH-tamoxifen (2005)

About 50-64% of human breast cancers express receptors for GnRH-I. Direct antiproliferative effects of analogs of GnRH-I on human breast cancer cell lines have been shown. They are at least in part mediated by antagonizing growth promoting effects of estradiol, epidermal growth factor (EGF) or insulin-like growth factor. Recently, expression of a putative receptor for GnRH-II in human tissues was demonstrated. Antiproliferative effects of GnRH-II in human endometrial and ovarian cancer cells were shown not to be mediated through the GnRH-I receptor. Now we demonstrate direct anti-proliferative effects of the GnRH-I analog Triptorelin and the GnRH-II analog [d-Lys(6)]GnRH-II in MCF-7 and T47D human breast cancer cells expressing GnRH-I receptors and putative GnRH-II receptors. Pretreatment with Triptorelin or [d-Lys(6)]GnRH-II blocked EGF-induced autophosphoryla-tion of EGF receptor and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2)) in these cells. In sublines of MCF-7 and T47D cells, which were developed to be resistant to 4OH-tamoxifen, HER-2/p185 was overexpressed. Pretreatment of these cell lines with Triptorelin or [d-Lys(6)]GnRH-II completely abolished resistance to 4OH-tamoxifen, assessed by 4OH-tamoxifen-induced apoptosis. Analogs of GnRH-I and GnRH-II counteract EGF-dependent signal transduction in human breast cancer cells with expression of receptors for GnRH-I and GnRH-II. Through this mechanism, they probably reverse acquired resistance to 4OH-tamoxifen mediated through overexpression or activation of receptors of the c-erbB family.
Antibody-aptamer functionalized fibre-optic biosensor for specific detection of Listeria monocytogenes from food (2010)

The study demonstrates feasibility and novel application of aptamer on fibre-optic biosensor platform for the sensitive detection of L. monocytogenes from food products.
Health‐related quality of life in persons with long‐term pain after a stroke (2004)

Awareness and understanding of the patients' perceptions and transitions with regard to their life situation and suffering from long-term pain after a stroke is important in order to support a maintained or increased HRQoL. This is also important after the acute stage and rehabilitation, including quality of life of the relatives, especially to older and dependent persons.
Diabetes in Asia (2009)

Type 2 diabetes is an increasing epidemic in Asia, characterized by rapid rates of increase over short periods and onset at a relatively young age and low body mass index. Prevention and control of diabetes should be a top public health priority in Asian populations.
The Orphan Nuclear Receptor Rev-Erbα Is a Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor (PPAR) γ Target Gene and Promotes PPARγ-induced Adipocyte Differentiation (2003)

Rev-Erbalpha (NR1D1) is an orphan nuclear receptor encoded on the opposite strand of the thyroid receptor alpha gene. Rev-Erbalpha mRNA is induced during adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells, and its expression is abundant in rat adipose tissue. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) (NR1C3) is a nuclear receptor controlling adipocyte differentiation and insulin sensitivity. Here we show that Rev-Erbalpha expression is induced by PPARgamma activation with rosiglitazone in rat epididymal and perirenal adipose tissues in vivo as well as in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in vitro. Furthermore, activated PPARgamma induces Rev-Erbalpha promoter activity by binding to the direct repeat (DR)-2 response element Rev-DR2. Mutations of the 5' or 3' half-sites of the response element totally abrogated PPARgamma binding and transcriptional activation, identifying this site as a novel type of functional PPARgamma response element. Finally, ectopic expression of Rev-Erbalpha in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes potentiated adipocyte differentiation induced by the PPARgamma ligand rosiglitazone. These results identify Rev-Erbalpha as a target gene of PPARgamma in adipose tissue and demonstrate a role for this nuclear receptor as a promoter of adipocyte differentiation.
CSF1R signaling is a regulator of pathogenesis in progressive MS (2020)

Microglia serve as the innate immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) by providing continuous surveillance of the CNS microenvironment and initiating defense mechanisms to protect CNS tissue. Upon injury, microglia transition into an activated state altering their transcriptional profile, transforming their morphology, and producing pro-inflammatory cytokines. These activated microglia initially serve a beneficial role, but their continued activation drives neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the CNS, and activated microglia and macrophages play a significant role in mediating disease pathophysiology and progression. Colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R) and its ligand CSF1 are elevated in CNS tissue derived from MS patients. We performed a large-scale RNA-sequencing experiment and identified CSF1R as a key node of disease progression in a mouse model of progressive MS. We hypothesized that modulating microglia and infiltrating macrophages through the inhibition of CSF1R will attenuate deleterious CNS inflammation and reduce subsequent demyelination and neurodegeneration. To test this hypothesis, we generated a novel potent and selective small-molecule CSF1R inhibitor (sCSF1R<sub>inh</sub>) for preclinical testing. sCSF1R<sub>inh</sub> blocked receptor phosphorylation and downstream signaling in both microglia and macrophages and altered cellular functions including proliferation, survival, and cytokine production. In vivo, CSF1R inhibition with sCSF1R<sub>inh</sub> attenuated neuroinflammation and reduced microglial proliferation in a murine acute LPS model. Furthermore, the sCSF1R<sub>inh</sub> attenuated a disease-associated microglial phenotype and blocked both axonal damage and neurological impairments in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of MS. While previous studies have focused on microglial depletion following CSF1R inhibition, our data clearly show that signaling downstream of this receptor can be beneficially modulated in the context of CNS injury. Together, these data suggest that CSF1R inhibition can reduce deleterious microglial proliferation and modulate microglial phenotypes during neuroinflammatory pathogenesis, particularly in progressive MS.
High performance α-Fe/Nd2Fe14B-type nanocomposites (1998)

The α-Fe/R2Fe14B-type exchange-coupled NdFeB nanocomposites with a coercivity (iHc) of more than 11 kOe and energy product, (BH)max, of more than 16 MGOe have been successfully obtained on melt spun (Nd0.95La0.05)7.5+xFebalCr2B10 alloy powders, where x ranged from 3 to 3.5. It was found that a slight substitution of Cr for Fe suppresses the formation of the R2Fe23B3 and Fe3B phases during crystallization and results in the formation of an α-Fe/R2Fe14B mixture. Increasing the total rare earth content was found to enhance the remanence, and the Hic of (Nd0.95La0.05)7.5+xFe80.5−xCr2B10 ribbons was also increased drastically with increasing values of x. A Br of 9.2–9.7 kG, Hic of 11.1–13.2 kOe, and (BH)max of 16.5–18.0 MGOe have been obtained on (Nd0.95La0.05)7.5+xFe80.5−xCr2B10 (x=3–3.5).
ELECTROLYTIC PREPARATION OF TETRAALKYLAMMONIUM BROMITES FROM THE CORRESPONDING BROMIDES (1980)

Abstract Electrolytic oxidation of tetraalkylammonium bromides to give the corresponding bromites was found. This method is convenient and applicable to the preparation of the stable tetraalkylammonium bromites.
Benefits and disadvantages of existing smart heating control systems: a critical survey (2015)

Residential buildings are still responsible of a higher share of global energy consumption, in particular, the main amount of energy (68%) is consumed for space heating and cooling. In this context, an important goal is the development of indoor climate control strategies that may help to reduce high-energy consumption. Thanks to the ICT development, the global market is already trying to answer to this necessity. A "smart home" should be equipped with computing and information technology, which responds to the needs of the occupants and works to promote their comfort, convenience, security. Several "smart heating" controls have been developed in the last few years, initially in American countries and after in Europe. In particular, these smart heating control systems act on temperature set points and schedules. The available "smart" control options and algorithms radically vary among the products presented in the market, shifting from memorization of user habits to interaction with other variables as windows openings and occupancy. This paper represents a survey of current temperature control systems available: they are compared and critically analyzed in their benefits and disadvantages. In particular, this study regards technical elements and heating system requirements, remote and smart control options, costs and installation procedures. Finally, possible upgrades are also considered in the perspective of a more persuasive technology and user awareness of energy consumption.
<title>Functional imaging of single cells with photothermal microscopy</title> (2000)

Photothermal technique for light microscopy is reported as the new tool for quantitative analysis of single living cell structural and functional properties. Probe laser illumination with phase contrast method allows to visualize thermal field being induced in cell due to absorption of pump laser radiation. In our set up the cell is pumped by the pulsed laser at 532 nm, 10 ns, 0.01-0.4 mJ. The source of probe beam is a pulsed dye laser which forms cell image. Fully automated image cytometer with acquisition rate 1cell/s is described. An acquired cell image is considered as spatially and temporally resolved cell response to non- specific load being induced with a pump laser. Thus we introduce photothermal image cytometry which may be applied for investigation of mechanisms of photodamage, single cell dosimetry, cell functions and structure and thermal phenomena at cell level.
Synthetic fracture network characterization with transdimensional inversion (2017)

Abstract Fracture network geometry is crucial for transport in hard rock aquifers, but it can only be approximated in models. While fracture orientation, spacing, and intensity can be obtained from borehole logs, core images, and outcrops, the characterization of in situ fracture network geometry requires the interpretation of spatially distributed hydraulic and transport experiments. In this study, we present a novel concept using a transdimensional inversion method (reversible jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo, rjMCMC) to invert a two‐dimensional cross‐well discrete fracture network (DFN) geometry from tracer tomography experiments. The conservative tracer transport is modeled via a fast finite difference model neglecting matrix diffusion. The proposed DFN inversion method iteratively evolves DFN variants by geometry updates to fit the observed tomographic data evaluated by the Metropolis‐Hastings‐Green acceptance criteria. A main feature is the varying dimensions of the inverse problem, which allows for the calibration of fracture geometries and numbers. This delivers an ensemble of thousands of DFN realizations that can be utilized for probabilistic identification of fractures in the aquifer. In the presented hypothetical and outcrop‐based case studies, cross sections between boreholes are investigated. The procedure successfully identifies major transport pathways in the investigated domain and explores equally probable DFN realizations, which are analyzed in fracture probability maps and by multidimensional scaling.
Importance of manufacturing consistency of the glycosylated monoclonal antibody adalimumab (Humira®) and potential impact on the clinical use of biosimilars (2016)

Author byline as per print journal: Professor Paul J Declerck, PhD; Paul W Tebbey, PhD Abstract: The clinical performance of biological therapies is affected by their manufacturing processes. The advent of biosimilars increases the need to understand the clinical impact of potential differences versus originator
Digital libraries and document image analysis (2004)

The rapid growth of digital libraries (DLs) worldwide poses many new challenges for document image analysis (DIA) research and development. DLs promise to offer more people access to larger document collections, and at far greater speed, than physical libraries can. But DLs also tend, for many reasons, to serve poorly, or even to omit entirely, many types of non-digital human-legible media, such as originally printed and handwritten documents. These media, in their original physical (undigitized) form, are readily - if not always quickly - legible, searchable, and browseable, whereas in the form of document images accessed through DLs they often lose many of their original advantages while of course lacking many advantages of symbolically encoded information. The author explores these issues and illustrates them with brief case studies arising from his experience as a DIA researcher in collaboration with several DL projects in the US. Difficult open DIA technical problems in DL applications are identified in the contrasting advantages of paper and digital displays, at every stage of capture, early processing, recognition, analysis, presentation, retrieval, and in personal and interactive applications. These support the conclusion that the international DIA R & D community is urgently needed (because uniquely qualified) to provide new technology to help rescue from neglect - even, in many cases, eventual oblivion - the world's vast culturally irreplaceable legacy paper document collections.
Religion and Ethic Values in Anecdote Based Stories of Omer Seyfettin (2014)

Sade dil ve Milli Edebiyat akımlarının öncü isimlerinden olan Ömer Seyfettin, sanatının merkezine hikâye türünü koyan ilk yazarlardandır. Türk edebiyatında hikâye türünün gelişmesine ve halkla buluşmasına katkıda bulunmuş olması bakımından önemlidir. Sanat toplum içindir anlayışıyla eserler veren Ömer Seyfettin, gerçekçilik akımını benimsemiş, dolayısıyla hikâyelerinde kendi hayatından ve gözlemlerinden yararlanmıştır. Eserlerinde çocukluk anılarını, sınır bölgesinde yaşadığı olayları konu edinmiştir. Toplumu gözlemlemiş, birçok hikâyesinde toplumda yaşanan aksaklıkları dile getirmiştir. Tarihi konu edinen ve fikir savunusuna dayanan hikâyeleri de önemlidir. Hikâyelerinin önemli bir kısmında da halk edebiyatını kaynak olarak alması dikkat çekmektedir. Halk arasında anlatılan masal, efsane, fıkra gibi edebi türlerden yararlanarak birçok hikâye kaleme almıştır. Çalışmada, yazarın fıkra kaynaklı hikâyeleri, toplumda yer eden önemli değerlerden “din ve ahlakî değerler” açısından ele alınmaktadır. Böylece yazarın toplum ve bu değerlerle ilgili görüşleri açıklanmaya çalışılacaktır. Çalışmada yazılı materyallerin incelenmesi için doküman incelemesi, elde edilen verilen çözümlenmesi noktasında da içerik analizi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Eserlerinde mizaha ve eleştiriye geniş yer verdiği bilinen Ömer Seyfettin’in, “Külah, Çakmak, Rüşvet” adlı üç hikâyesinde de; dinin çıkarlar doğrultusunda kullanılarak yalan ve hile ile insanların kandırılmasını, aç gözlülüğü ve hırsızlığı/rüşveti eleştirdiği görülmektedir. Buna karşın eserlerde, doğruluk-dürüstlük, tokgözlülük, yardımlaşma, paylaşma, bencil olmama gibi değerler desteklenmektedir. Bu verilerden hareketle, yazarın eserlerinin Türkçe dersleri başta olmak üzere, eğitimde çocuklara değer kazandırmada araç olarak kullanılabileceği de anlaşılmaktadır.
Haptic-Enabled Telementoring Surgery Simulation (2008)

Medical surgery involves a high degree of skill and experience, making the learning curve for medical trainees quite long. For instance, in eye cataract surgery, despite it only taking around seven minutes for a well-trained surgeon to perform and having a success rate of 99 percent, medical residents need months to become proficient in this procedure to avoid its typical complications. Medical trainees traditionally have acquired surgical skills through apprenticeships in which trainees observe senior surgeons, then perform under guidance until they achieve mastery. Training often makes use of cadavers or laboratory animals, but this type of training is becoming increasingly difficult to do in many countries due to ethical reasons. An effective alternative is medical simulation, which can enhance understanding, improve performance, and assess competence; in preoperative settings, it assists surgeons in remaining at a high technical skill level. Surgical simulation can provide high-fidelity training that increases the diffusion of innovative and less- invasive procedures while decreasing the surgeon's learning curve.
Energy trading for fun and profit buy your neighbor's rooftop solar power or sell your own-it'll all be on a blockchain (2017)

Would you pay slightly more for your electricity if you knew it was sourced from photovoltaic panels on your neighbor's roof? Or, if you are that neighbor, would you use your solar power to charge a battery and dump that energy back onto the grid at peak hours, when the price was highest? The answers to these questions-which depend on how people would behave in an open energy market-are unknown, because that market does not exist. Net metering and feed-in tariff programs, the two dominant schemes for reimbursing residential energy production, pay out at a fixed rate, effectively decoupling producers from the price signals that might otherwise direct their behavior. But that may be changing. And we may have the blockchain to thank. Multiple projects are now under way to use technology that was originally intended to account for transactions in digital currency to track electricity production and put it up for sale.
When the Material Grows: A Case Study on Designing (with) Mycelium-Based Materials (2018)

<p>Diverse forms of material expressions can be achieved through practices that cross-fertilize biology and design. Growing Design is one such practice in which designers grow materials from living organisms, such as bacteria, algae or fungi. While this emerging practice may facilitate novel product ideas, the grown materials, to date, are often used in applications as surrogates for conventional materials. A recently introduced method, Material Driven Design (MDD) (Karana, Barati, Rognoli, &amp; Zeeuw van der Laan, 2015), can support designers in finding novel application ideas for a material in development, by providing the ways in which the unique technical and experiential qualities of the material are emphasized and bridged in an appropriate and creative manner. The present paper explores the journey of a product design master’s student, who followed the MDD method through a six-month graduation project, in search of a product application idea for a material that is intentionally grown for design purposes, namely, mycelium-based materials. We provide a practical understanding of how the material-driven design process evolves when the material grows, and elaborate on the product application concept through the lens of materials experience, which is the main motivation for the research and design activities throughout the project. We further speculate on the tools and activities that the student incorporated in the design process to tackle uncertainty as to the micro-organism’s agency, its unique temporality, and the acceptance of the material in society.</p>
New Findings on Leak Resistance of API 8-Round Connectors (1989)

Summary This paper covers research funded by the API Production Research Advisory Committee (PRAC) on leak resistance of API 8-round connectors. It details the sensitivity of leak resistance to variations in makeup turns, pipe diameter, grade, and applied tension. Findings show that the leak resistance of the connector relative to pipe-body ratings increases with the number of makeup turns and decreases as diameter and yield strength increase. Finally, tension is found to lower leak resistance in a manner that renders hydrotesting insufficient for defining leak resistance in typical service conditions.
Error compensation in a pointing system based on Risley prisms (2017)

Risley prisms are widely used for beam pointing in several optical systems. The exact solution for the inverse problem does not exist, except using numerical methods. However, the errors introduced by misalignment are usually greater than the approximation errors. We present a novel method to compensate alignment errors in pointing systems based on Risley prisms. The prism model that we used is based on paraxial approximation with an additional vector to compensate typical alignment errors. Simulation and experimental results show that the improvement in pointing accuracy is achievable even in comparison with exact ray tracing methods.
Bringing basic research on early experience and stress neurobiology to bear on preventive interventions for neglected and maltreated children (2006)

A major focus in developmental psychopathology is on understanding developmental mechanisms and, armed with this information, intervening to improve children's outcomes. Translational research attempts to bridge the distance between understanding and intervention. In the collaborations that have formed the core of our research network on early experience, stress, and prevention science, we have focused on translating basic research on early experiences and stress neurobiology into preventive interventions for neglected and abused children. Our experiences in attempting to move from bench to bedside have led us to recognize the many challenges that face translational researchers. This review provides a brief synopsis of the animal model literature on early experience and stress neurobiology from which we glean several key bridging issues. We then review what is currently known about the impact of childhood neglect and abuse on stress neurobiology in human adults and children. Next, we describe how this work has informed the evaluation of our preventive interventions with maltreated children. Finally, we discuss several considerations that should facilitate a more complete integration of basic research on early experience and stress neurobiology into preventive intervention strategies.
Investigation of the Relationship between Organic Porosity and Thermal Maturity in the Marcellus Shale (2011)

Abstract Thermal maturity is important in determining whether shales containing organic material have produced hydrocarbons and whether those hydrocarbons are oil or gas. One method used to determine the thermal maturity of shales is vitrinite reflectance. Recently nanoscale pores have been observed in the organic material of different gas shales by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These pores vary in size, number, and density. One possible explanation to the origin and diversity of these pores is that they are formed during the generation of hydrocarbons and thus would be affected by the thermal maturity of the shale. Using focused ion beam milling (FIB) and SEM imaging, the organic porosity of Marcellus shale samples with vitrinite reflectances of Ro=1.1+ and Ro &gt;&gt;3.1 have been compared. The pores within the organic material have been investigated in relation to thermal maturity. Understanding the relationship between the porosity of the organic material and thermal maturity has implications for many gas shale parameters including the density of the organic material, and therefore total organic carbon (TOC), free and adsorbed gas in place (GIP), the wettability of the shale, and transport properties.