gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Firefighter Safety and Photovoltaic Installations Research Project (2011)

Under the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Assistance to Firefighter Grant Fire Prevention and Safety Research Program, Underwriters Laboratories examined fire service concerns of photovoltaic (PV) systems. These concerns include firefighter vulnerability to electrical and casualty hazards when mitigating a fire involving photovoltaic (PV) modules systems. The need for this project is significant acknowledging the increasing use of photovoltaic systems, growing at a rate of 30% annually. As a result of greater utilization, traditional firefighter tactics for suppression, ventilation and overhaul have been complicated, leaving firefighters vulnerable to potentially unrecognized exposure. Though the electrical and fire hazards associated with electrical generation and distribution systems is well known, PV systems present unique safety considerations. A very limited body of knowledge and insufficient data exists to understand the risks to the extent that the fire service has been unable to develop safety solutions and respond in a safe manner. This fire research project developed the empirical data that is needed to quantify the hazards associated with PV installations. This data provides the foundation to modify current or develop new firefighting practices to reduce firefighter death and injury. A functioning PV array was constructed at Underwriters Laboratories in Northbrook, IL to serve as a test fixture. The main test array consisted of 26 PV framed modules rated 230 W each (5980 W total rated power). Multiple experiments were conducted to investigate the efficacy of power isolation techniques and the potential hazard from contact of typical firefighter tools with live electrical PV components. Existing fire test fixtures located at the Delaware County Emergency Services Training Center were modified to construct full scale representations of roof mounted PV systems. PV arrays were mounted above Class A roofs supported by wood trusses. Two series of experiments were conducted. The first series represented a room of content fire, extending into the attic space, breaching the roof and resulting in structural collapse. Three PV technologies were subjected to this fire condition – rack mounted metal framed, glass on polymer modules, building integrated PV shingles, and a flexible laminate attached to a standing metal seam roof. A second series of experiments was conducted on the metal frame technology. These experiments represented two fire scenarios, a room of content fire venting from a window and the ignition of debris accumulation under the array. The results of these experiments provide a technical basis for the fire service to examine their equipment, tactics, standard operating procedures and training content. Several tactical considerations were developed utilizing the data from the experiments to provide specific examples of potential electrical shock hazard from PV installations during and after a fire event.
Tumor-specific delivery of biologics by a novel T-cell line HOZOT (2016)

"Cell-in-cell" denotes an invasive phenotype in which one cell actively internalizes in another. The novel human T-cell line HOZOT, established from human umbilical cord blood, was shown to penetrate a variety of human cancer cells but not normal cells. Oncolytic viruses are emerging as biological therapies for human cancers; however, efficient viral delivery is limited by a lack of tumor-specific homing and presence of pre-existing or therapy-induced neutralizing antibodies. Here, we report a new, intriguing approach using HOZOT cells to transmit biologics such as oncolytic viruses into human cancer cells by cell-in-cell invasion. HOZOT cells were successfully loaded via human CD46 antigen with an attenuated adenovirus containing the fiber protein of adenovirus serotype 35 (OBP-401/F35), in which the telomerase promoter regulates viral replication. OBP-401/F35-loaded HOZOT cells were efficiently internalized into human cancer cells and exhibited tumor-specific killing by release of viruses, even in the presence of anti-viral neutralizing antibodies. Moreover, intraperitoneal administration of HOZOT cells loaded with OBP-401/F35 significantly suppressed peritoneally disseminated tumor growth in mice. This unique cell-in-cell property provides a platform for selective delivery of biologics into human cancer cells, which has important implications for the treatment of human cancers.
Bi-functional Oxygen Electrode Using Large Surface Area Perovskite-type Oxide Catalyst for Rechargeable Metal-Air Batteries (1992)

Abstract Gas-diffusion electrodes loaded with large surface area perovskite-type oxides, La0.6Ca0.4Co0.8B′0.2O3 (B′ = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu), were examined for the electro-chemical reduction and evolution of oxygen in 7 M KOH at 25 °C. The oxide with B′ = Fe gave the highest bi-functional performances, i.e., 200 mA/cm2 for the oxygen reduction in air and 300 mA/cm2 for the oxygen evolution at −150 and +620 mV vs. Hg/HgO, respectively, owing to its high catalytic activity for the decomposion of the HO2− intermediate.
Analysis of Quality of Service of Wireless LAN for IEEE 802.11e (2004)

Nowadays Wireless LAN is playing a more and more important role in network systems. After 1999, in which the IEEE organization published its Wireless Local Network standard 802.11[1], many people saw the advantages of the standard but also the lack of support for multimedia streaming. A lot of research work has been done on the proposed IEEE 802.11e standard draft during the past 4 years. It is supposed to be able to fully support Quality of Service. The final version will be published early in 2004. In my thesis, I propose two possible methods to improve the performance of service differentiation in the MAC layer. The first one is calledPCWA (Practical Contention Window Adjustment). It is a method with which the station finds a best size of its contention window when running the EDCF (Enhanced Distributed Coordination Function) access method. It helps to improve the total system throughput, the jitter and the delay of traffics with different priorities. The second method is called AIPM (Adaptive Initiative Polling Machine). It uses the polling mechanism for differential service, intelligently arranging the polling time to reduce the delay as much as possible, achieving large improvement in performance. This method significantly increases the total system throughput, while the delay and jitter of the traffics are very much small in comparison to EDCF.
Controlled power distributed photovoltaic system using solar energy forecast (2017)

The use of renewable energy sources to supply electricity in customer grids is a current practise in developed countries and, particularly, in the case of distributed solar energy generation grids. Even though, the environmental benefits of the practise drive to economic incentives to increase the renewable energies. However, because of the unsteady behaviour of the renewable electric energy sources [1], as wind energy and solar photovoltaic production, the increment in the use of these sources produces severe fluctuations in the electric grids. Then, their electric supply to the electric grid is limited and at the same time, an accurate renewable energy production forecast is required. In this work, the feasibility of a new approach to reduce this problem is tested by the application (on a yearly basis) of a simulator of a production-storage controlled system, namely FOTOV, to be applied in the design of a photovoltaic (PV) installation
A design technique for spectral shaping in CPM systems (1997)

We describe a technique of pulse shaping able to control the power spectral density of a full-response CPM signal in various frequency ranges, under the constraint of a prescribed minimum Euclidean distance. Some examples illustrating the potentialities of the method and some comparisons with standard pulses are presented.
Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections (2009)

Parker, Diana; Callan, Laurie; Harwood, Judith; Thompson, Donna; Webb, Marilyn-Lu; Wilde, Mary; Willson, Margaret Clinical Practice Continence Subcommittee Author Information
국내 집단상담 성과연구에 대한 메타분석 (2002)

The purpose of the present study was to analyze the efficacy of group counseling conducted in Korea using a method of meta-analysis. For this analysis, 260 doctoral dissertations and master theses were examined and finally 198 studies were selected for the meta-analysis. The selected studies were conducted in Korea from 1990 to 1999 and applied pre-post between group design, which means they were selected because they are controlled studies. From each article, abstract section and result section were used as data. Because many of the studies measured more than one dependent variables, 1,333 effecct sizes were calculated and used for further analyses. These effect sizes were analyzed ~lated to a variety of variables which were classified into three categories: ®A.characteristics of group members(age, need for help), ®Echaracteristics of the group treatment(theoretical approach, goals and focus, structure of program management, number of sessions, length of a session, group size), ®Emethodological issues(length of follow-up measures, random assignment). Major results are as followings: (1)Overall mean effect size of group counseling outcomes was 0.99, and the mean effect size of six-month follow-up was 0.81. The results show that the group counseling treatments conducted in Korea were highly effective and the effects lasted at least for six months; (2)The effect sizes of the various approaches ranged between 0.54 and 1.75 and various group focus ranged between 0.52 and 1.58; (3)Structured group program conducted with a marathon session was more effective than other types of group program management; (4)The mean effect size of the clients who needed treatment was larger than that of pseudo-clients who did not really need treatments; (5)The mean effect size of the studies in which random assignment was applied was larger than non-random assignment. This study is the first, comprehensive meta-analysis on a large scale of research in group counseling outcome conducted in Korea, so the results may give informative data to internationally comparative studies as well as domestic studies.
A DNase I binding/immunoprecipitation assay for actin. (1981)

An actin assay which employs the competition between labeled and unlabeled rabbit skeletal muscle actin for DNase I has been developed. Iodination of actin by the method of Bolton and Hunter results in the incorporation of approximately 0.5 mol of 125-iodine/incorporation of approximately 0.5 mol of 125-iodine/mol of actin. This 125I-actin retained the ability to bind to DNase I and inhibit enzymatic activity. The 125I-actin-DNase complex can be precipitated by the addition of a monospecific rabbit antibody to DNase I. The efficiency of this immunoprecipitation step is improved by the use of a second sheep anti-rabbit gamma-globulin. Using this immunoprecipitation assay, there is a linear displacement of the DNase I-bound 125I-actin by rabbit skeletal muscle actin standards or by the actin present in tissue and cell extracts. Using 17.5 ng of DNase I and approximately 500 pg of 125I-actin, 50% inhibition of binding was obtained with 23 ng of unlabeled actin. Reducing the amount of DNase I to 2 ng results in 50% inhibition of binding with 4 ng of unlabeled actin and an increase in the estimated sensitivity of the assay from 1.7 to 0.24 ng. The slopes of the displacement curves generated with both vertebrate and invertebrate non-muscle actins are parallel to rabbit skeletal muscle actin. This observation indicates approximately equal actin-DNase I binding affinities and suggests a high degree of conservation of the actin-DNase I binding site. The assay is useful for measuring the pools of F- and G-actin in a wide range of cells.
Active phased array antenna radiating second harmonic output wave (2006)

In order to make the scanned radiation beam range wider, phased array operation of an active antenna radiating the second harmonic is studied. By numerical analysis of a coupled oscillator system modeling the active antenna array, it is shown that the variation of the phase difference of the second harmonic component between the oscillators reaches 2π when the oscillators are coupled only by the fundamental components. This value is twice that yielding the fundamental component. Through experiments using two- and four-element arrays, the results of the analysis are confirmed. The radiation beam of the second harmonic is successfully scanned in a wider range than that for the fundamental component. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 89(4): 39–50, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley. com). DOI 10.1002/ecjb.20168
Recombinant GenomesWhichExpress Chloramphenicol Acetyltransferase inMammalian Cells (1982)

prototype recombinant inthis series, pSV2-cat, consisted ofthebeta-lactamase geneandorigin ofreplication frompBR322coupled toasimian virus 40(SV40) early transcription region intowhichCAT coding sequences wereinserted. Readily measured levels ofCATaccumulated within 48hafter theintroduction of pSV2-cat DNA into African green monkeykidney CV-1cells. Because endogenousCATactivity isnotpresent inCV-1orother mammalian cells, andbecause rapid, sensitive assays forCAT activity areavailable, theserecombinants provided auniquely convenient system formonitoring theexpression offoreign DNAsintissue culture cells. Todemonstrate theusefulness ofthis system, we constructed derivatives ofpSV2-cat fromwhich part orall oftheSV40promoter region wasremoved. Deletion ofonecopyofthe72-base-pair repeat sequence in theSV40promoter caused nosignificant decrease inCATsynthesis inmonkey kidney CV-1cells; however, anadditional deletion of50basepairs fromthe second copyoftherepeats reduced CATsynthesis to11%ofits level inthewild type. We also constructed arecombinant, pSVO-cat, inwhichtheentire SV40 promoter region wasremoved andaunique HindIlI site wassubstituted forthe insertion ofother promoter sequences. Asthenumberofputative mammalian promotersequences isolated byrecombinant techniques hasincreased overthepast several years, theattention ofmanyinvestigators hasturned to waysinwhichthefunction ofthese sequences maybemeasured. Theinvitro transcription systems developed byManley etal.(17) and Weiletal.(38) offer oneattractive approach. However, itisnotyetclear thatsuchinvitro
Synthesis of Vinyl‐ and Aryl–Acyl Sulfonimidamides Through Pd‐Catalyzed Carbonylation Using Mo(CO)<sub>6</sub> as ex situ CO Source (2014)

Abstract We report the synthesis of N ‐(α,β‐unsaturated acyl)‐substituted sulfonimidamides through a Pd‐catalyzed carbonylation protocol, employing sulfonimidamides as nucleophiles using CO gas released ex situ, and vinyl/aryl halides and triflates as reagents. The reaction is general and offers a unique class of products in moderate to good yields for a wide range of substrates and electrophiles; for example, aliphatic, aromatic (electron‐donating and ‐withdrawing groups), heteroaryl, vinyl halides, and triflates. We also expand our initial report on N ‐aryl–acyl‐substituted sulfonimidamide synthesis by employing aryltriflates as electrophiles. Furthermore, we report a surprisingly facile thermolytic Boc deprotection of N ‐(α,β‐unsaturated acyl) sulfonimidamides.
A novel N-terminal motif for palmitoylation of G-protein α subunits (1993)

We have examined the post-translational processing of G alpha subunits expressed endogenously in rat PC12 and NG108-15 rat/mouse hybrid cells, and after transfection of cDNA expression constructs into COS cells. Thioester-linked palmitoylation of alpha o, alpha s, alpha q/alpha 11 and alpha 12 has been detected by metabolic labelling with [3H]palmitate and immunoprecipitation. Palmitoylation of alpha o occurs post-translationally in cells treated with protein-synthesis inhibitors, suggesting possible dynamic acylation. Palmitoylation of the C-terminal CAAX motif has been excluded. Site-directed mutagenesis of alpha o has been used to implicate the site of modification as a cysteine residue next to the N-terminal myristoylated glycine, in a novel protein-lipid modification motif Met-Gly-Cys. The non-palmitoylated alpha o mutant is still myristoylated but shows reduced membrane binding, suggesting that reversible palmitoylation may regulate G alpha localization and function.
The Tumor Suppressor p53 and Histone Deacetylase 1 Are Antagonistic Regulators of the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21/WAF1/CIP1 Gene (2003)

The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21/WAF1/CIP1 is an important regulator of cell cycle progression, senescence, and differentiation. Genotoxic stress leads to activation of the tumor suppressor p53 and subsequently to induction of p21 expression. Here we show that the tumor suppressor p53 cooperates with the transcription factor Sp1 in the activation of the p21 promoter, whereas histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) counteracts p53-induced transcription from the p21 gene. The p53 protein binds directly to the C terminus of Sp1, a domain which was previously shown to be required for the interaction with HDAC1. Induction of p53 in response to DNA-damaging agents resulted in the formation of p53-Sp1 complexes and simultaneous dissociation of HDAC1 from the C terminus of Sp1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated the association of HDAC1 with the p21 gene in proliferating cells. Genotoxic stress led to recruitment of p53, reduced binding of HDAC1, and hyperacetylation of core histones at the p21 promoter. Our findings show that the deacetylase HDAC1 acts as an antagonist of the tumor suppressor p53 in the regulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 and provide a basis for understanding the function of histone deacetylase inhibitors as antitumor drugs.
Defect characterization of Si-doped GaN films by a scanning near-field optical microscope-induced photoluminescence (2006)

We developed a tapping-mode-scanning near-field optical microscope to measure near-field photoluminescence (SNOM-PL) with nanometer spatial resolution using an ultraviolet laser, and we measured the defect distribution of a Si-doped GaN film. The obtained result was compared with one measured by high spatial resolution cathodoluminescence (CL) spectroscopy. Some dark spots with an average period of 100–300nm were observed in the image of the peak intensity of near-field PL at about 362nm, measured with a pyramidical cantilever, and in a plan-view CL image at the same wavelength. The near-field PL image agreed well with the plan-view CL image. The threading dislocations in GaN films were found to act as nonradiative recombination centers not only for band-edge emission but also for yellow luminescence around 580nm. Furthermore, it was found that free carrier concentration decreased near the threading dislocations. The SNOM-PL we developed has at least a spatial resolution of about 100nm. The SNOM-PL could potentially be applied to the estimation at a nanometer scale of defects in semiconductor films without requiring a vacuum environment.
ZNF692 promotes colon adenocarcinoma cell growth and metastasis by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway (2019)

Despite considerable recent advancements in colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy, the prognosis of patients with advanced disease remains poor. Further understanding of the molecular mechanisms and treatment strategies of this disease is required. Zinc finger protein 692 (ZNF692), also known as AREBP and Zfp692, was first reported to have an important role in gluconeogenesis. A recent study demonstrated that ZNF692 is overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissues and that ZNF692 knockdown inhibited LUAD cell proliferation, migration, and invasion both in vitro and in vivo. However, the role of ZNF692 in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) remains unclear. The present study revealed that ZNF692 was upregulated in COAD tissues and cells and that high ZNF692 expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and tumor stage in COAD patients. Gain‑ and loss‑of‑function experiments were employed to identify the function of ZNF692 in COAD progression. In vitro and in vivo assays revealed that ZNF692 promoted COAD cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Furthermore, western blot analysis demonstrated that the effects of ZNF692 were mediated by upregulating cyclin D1, cyclin‑dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) and matrix metalloproteinase‑9 (MMP‑9) and by downregulating p27Kip1 through the phosphoinositide 3‑kinase/AKT signaling pathway. Collectively, these data indicated that ZNF692 may serve as a novel oncogene and a potential treatment target in COAD patients.
Distinct Pro-Apoptotic Properties of Zhejiang Saffron against Human Lung Cancer Via a Caspase-8-9-3 Cascade (2014)

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Here we investigated the antitumor effect and mechanism of Zhejiang (Huzhou and Jiande) saffron against lung cancer cell lines, A549 and H446. Using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the contents of crocin I and II were determined. In vitro, MTT assay and annexin-V FITC/PI staining showed cell proliferation activity and apoptosis to be changed in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The inhibition effect of Jiande saffron was the strongest. In vivo, when mice were orally administered saffron extracts at dose of 100mg/kg/d for 28 days, xenograft tumor size was reduced, and ELISA and Western blotting analysis of caspase-3, -8 and -9 exhibited stronger expression and activity than in the control. In summary, saffron from Zhejiang has significant antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo through caspase-8-caspase-9-caspase-3 mediated cell apoptosis. It thus appears to have more potential as a therapeutic agent.
Characteristic pattern of free amino acids in plasma and skeletal muscle in stable hepatic cirrhosis. (1990)

Free amino acid (AA) concentrations in plasma and quadriceps femoris muscle were determined in 19 healthy volunteers and in 16 patients with hepatic cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Nutritional state was impaired as judged by overt muscle wasting (9/16), triceps skinfold thickness less than 70% of normal in 8/14 (57%), and creatinine-height index below 70% in 5/12 (42%). In the plasma of patients the typical amino acid pattern of cirrhosis was to be observed: Elevation of tyrosine and methionine (p less than 0.01), uniform reduction of branched chain amino acids (p less than 0.001) resulting in a decreased molar ratio of BCAA/AAA from 2.85 +/- 0.05 in normal individuals to 1.35 +/- 0.12 in cirrhotics (p less than 0.001). Levels of the gluconeogenic AA glutamine, glutamate, aspartate, alanine, glycine, threonine, serine and lysine were lowered (p less than 0.05). In muscle of cirrhotics, intracellular AA concentrations exhibited a similar pattern with two major exceptions: Tyrosine and phenylalanine were augmented (p less than 0.001). Surprisingly, BCAA levels were altered heterogeneously; those of gluconeogenic BCAA decreased: Valine from 0.34 +/- 0.03 to 0.20 +/- 0.03 mmol/l (p less than 0.001), isoleucine 0.09 +/- 0.01 to 0.05 +/- 0.02 mmol/l. However, the concentration of ketogenic leucine remained unaltered in muscle. Nevertheless, the molar ratio of BCAA/AAA was considerably reduced from 3.70 +/- 0.04 to 0.81 +/- 0.08 (p less than 0.001). Most of the gluconeogenic AA exhibited reduced intramuscular concentrations, but glutamine levels were normal. The pattern of plasma and muscle free AA in hepatic cirrhosis is thus characterized by accumulation of aromatic AA and by depletion of gluconeogenic AA, especially BCAA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)