gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparing Levelized Cost of Energy for a 200 MW Floating Wind Farm using Vertical and Horizontal Axis Turbines in the Northeast U.S.A. (2018)

Abstract The technology to engineer, fabricate and install offshore floating wind turbine exists and is feasible for all components. Applying lessons learned from offshore oil and gas projects with respect to engineering execution options, competitive supply and reduction in life cycle costs makes offshore floating wind a commercially viable energy supply in regions with relatively high electricity prices or in regions that have other geographical or resource constraints to bringing additional energy supply on-line. However, while horizontal wind turbine (HAWT) technology is developing rapidly and driving down cost, it may be possible to further drive down offshore floating wind costs by choosing a vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) technology. VL Offshore has developed a cost effective 5 MW floating foundation, Y-Wind semi for HAWT. In this study, the LCoE (Levelized Cost of Energy) of the Y-Wind semi with 5 MW HAWT is compared against the same foundation type with a 5 MW VAWT. For the present work, a 200 MW wind farm, located about 10km off shore the Northeast U.S. at a water depth of 100m is selected. This water depth exceeds the current commercial limits for fixed foundations for offshore wind. LCoE is estimated using the tool developed by NREL, considering all the cost parameters of foundation and mooring CAPEX, installation, operation and maintenances, in-field and export power cables, capacity factors, turbine layouts, substation, discount rate, cost escalation rate, current electricity price and design life. The LCoE results indicate that a 5 MW VAWT foundation will be more commercially viable than a comparable 5 MW HAWT foundation. The LCoE values compare favorably to the LCoE values for most electricity prices in the Northeast states.
<title>Thin digital imaging systems using focal plane coding</title> (2006)

With this work we show the use of focal plane coding to produce nondegenerate data between subapertures of an imaging system. Subaperture data is integrated to form a single high resolution image. Multiple apertures generate multiple copies of a scene on the detector plane. Placed in the image plane, the focal plane mask applies a unique code to each of these sub-images. Within each sub-image, each pixel is masked so that light from only certain optical pixels reaches the detector. Thus, each sub-image measures a different linear combination of optical pixels. Image reconstruction is achieved by inversion of the transformation performed by the imaging system. Registered detector pixels in each sub-image represent the magnitude of the projection of the same optical information onto different sampling vectors. Without a coding element, the imaging system would be limited by the spatial frequency response of the electronic detector pixel. The small mask features allow the imager to broaden this response and reconstruct higher spatial frequencies than a conventional coarsely sampling focal plane.
Rechargeable alkali-ion cathode-flow battery (2011)

We provide a proof of concept of a lithium battery configuration containing an aqueous cathode in a flow-through mode. A room-temperature, rechargeable alkali-ion battery with a commercially available Li+-ion solid–electrolyte separating a Li0 anode and an organic liquid–carbonate electrolyte on one side and, on the other, an aqueous cathode containing 0.1 M K3Fe(CN)6 has been demonstrated to give high efficiency electrical energy storage at 3.40 V; it is capable of matching the capacity of the Li0 anode if operated with the aqueous cathode in a flow-through mode. The resistance of the solid electrolyte rather than the flow rate of the cathode determined the power density of the test cell. The concept can be used with a more-abundant Na0 anode and a Na+-ion solid electrolyte. The results call for the development of an alkali-ion solid–electrolyte separator with a smaller resistance.
Gabor-based fusion technique for Optical Coherence Microscopy (2010)

We recently reported on an Optical Coherence Microscopy technique, whose innovation intrinsically builds on a recently reported - 2 microm invariant lateral resolution by design throughout a 2 mm cubic full-field of view - liquid-lens-based dynamic focusing optical probe [Murali et al., Optics Letters 34, 145-147, 2009]. We shall report in this paper on the image acquisition enabled by this optical probe when combined with an automatic data fusion method developed and described here to produce an in-focus high resolution image throughout the imaging depth of the sample. An African frog tadpole (Xenopus laevis) was imaged with the novel probe and the Gabor-based fusion technique, demonstrating subcellular resolution in a 0.5 mm (lateral) x 0.5 mm (axial) without the need, for the first time, for x-y translation stages, depth scanning, high-cost adaptive optics, or manual intervention. In vivo images of human skin are also presented.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation coil with electronically switchable active and sham modes (2011)

Blinded studies with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) require a valid sham condition. A wide range of sham approaches have been implemented but they have various limitations including residual electric field in the brain, inadequate reproduction of auditory and cutaneous sensations, and/or need for electrical stimulation with scalp electrodes. We propose a quadrupole TMS coil configuration that can be electronically switched between active and sham modes. In active mode, the quadrupole coil has electric field characteristics similar to a conventional figure-8 coil. In sham mode, the quadrupole coil compared to the reverse-current sham figure-8 coil has 50% less electric field penetration depth, is 97% more focal, produces 35% less intense field in the brain, and induces scalp electric field characteristics closer to those of active TMS.
Efficient immobilization of lipases by entrapment in hydrophobic sol-gel materials (2000)

The commercial application of lipases as biocatalysts for organic synthesis requires simple but efficient methods to immobilize the enzyme, yielding highly stable and active biocatalysts which are easy to recover. In this study, we present a novel method to achieve lipase immobilization by entrapment in chemically inert hydrophobic silica gels which are prepared by hydrolysis of alkyl-substituted silanes in the presence of the enzyme. A typical immobilization procedure uses: an aqueous solution of lipase; sodium fluoride as a catalyst; and additives like polyvinyl alcohol or proteins and alkoxysilane derivatives like RSi-(OMe)(3) with R = alkyl, aryl, or alkoxy as gel precursors. The effect of various immobilization parameters like stoichiometric ratio of water, silane, type and amount of additive, type and amount of catalyst, and type of silane has been carefully studied. The new method is applicable for a wide variety of lipases, yielding immobilized lipases with esterification activities enhanced by a factor of up to 88, compared to the commercial enzyme powders under identical conditions. Studies on the stability of sol-gel immobilized lipases under reaction conditions or storage (dry, in aqueous or organic medium) revealed an excellent retention of enzymatic activity. The possible reasons for the increased enzyme activities are discussed.
Improved multi-resolution foveated laparoscope with real-time digital transverse chromatic correction (2020)

A multi-resolution foveated laparoscope (MRFL) with autofocus and zooming capabilities was previously designed to address the limiting trade-off between spatial resolution and field of view during laparoscopic minimally invasive surgery. The MRFL splits incoming light into two paths enabling simultaneous capture of the full surgical field and a zoomed-in view of the local surgical site. A fully functional prototype was constructed to demonstrate and test the autofocus, zooming capabilities, and clinical utility of this new laparoscope. The test of the prototype in both dry lab and animal models was successful, but it also revealed several major limitations of the prototype. In this paper, we present a brief overview of the aforementioned MRFL prototype design and results, and the shortcomings associated with its optical and mechanical designs. We then present several methods to address the shortcomings of the existing prototype with a modified optical layout and redesigned mechanics. The performances of the new and old system prototypes are comparatively analyzed in accordance with the design goals of the new MRFL. Finally, we present and demonstrate a real-time digital method for correcting transverse chromatic aberration to further improve the overall image quality, which can be adapted to future MRFL systems.
Viscoelastic Creep Imaging (2018)

Elasticity imaging is an emerging imaging approach that uses the elasticity of tissue as the contrast mechanism in images. Viscoelastic materials exhibit both elastic and viscous behavior characterized by being time or frequency dependent. Viscoelastic creep imaging is an emerging field where the viscoelastic properties of soft tissues are measured by monitoring the soft tissue strain or displacement response to an applied constant stress. This chapter reviews acoustic radiation force creep methods. Creep is the slow, progressive deformation of a material under constant stress. In viscoelastic creep imaging, acoustic radiation force is used to apply a step-stress excitation and the creep response is monitored with traditional ultrasound imaging. In the radiation force-induced creep method, both creep and recovery are induced but only the creep period is used. Quantitative characterization of viscoelastic properties of human soft tissues has the potential to provide an independent indicator of soft tissue health.
Sequencing of 640,000 exomes identifies <i>GPR75</i> variants associated with protection from obesity (2021)

Large-scale human exome sequencing can identify rare protein-coding variants with a large impact on complex traits such as body adiposity. We sequenced the exomes of 645,626 individuals from the United Kingdom, the United States, and Mexico and estimated associations of rare coding variants with body mass index (BMI). We identified 16 genes with an exome-wide significant association with BMI, including those encoding five brain-expressed G protein-coupled receptors (<i>CALCR</i>, <i>MC4R</i>, <i>GIPR</i>, <i>GPR151</i>, and <i>GPR75</i>). Protein-truncating variants in <i>GPR75</i> were observed in ~4/10,000 sequenced individuals and were associated with 1.8 kilograms per square meter lower BMI and 54% lower odds of obesity in the heterozygous state. Knock out of <i>Gpr75</i> in mice resulted in resistance to weight gain and improved glycemic control in a high-fat diet model. Inhibition of GPR75 may provide a therapeutic strategy for obesity.
Structurally Different Yet Functionally Similar: Aptamers Specific for the Ebola Virus Soluble Glycoprotein and GP1,2 and Their Application in Electrochemical Sensing (2023)

The Ebola virus glycoprotein (GP) gene templates several mRNAs that produce either the virion-associated transmembrane protein or one of two secreted glycoproteins. Soluble glycoprotein (sGP) is the predominant product. GP1 and sGP share an amino terminal sequence of 295 amino acids but differ in quaternary structure, with GP1 being a heterohexamer with GP2 and sGP a homodimer. Two structurally different DNA aptamers were selected against sGP that also bound GP1,2. These DNA aptamers were compared with a 2'FY-RNA aptamer for their interactions with the Ebola GP gene products. The three aptamers have almost identical binding isotherms for sGP and GP1,2 in solution and on the virion. They demonstrated high affinity and selectivity for sGP and GP1,2. Furthermore, one aptamer, used as a sensing element in an electrochemical format, detected GP1,2 on pseudotyped virions and sGP with high sensitivity in the presence of serum, including from an Ebola-virus-infected monkey. Our results suggest that the aptamers interact with sGP across the interface between the monomers, which is different from the sites on the protein bound by most antibodies. The remarkable similarity in functional features of three structurally distinct aptamers suggests that aptamers, like antibodies, have preferred binding sites on proteins.
Laminin-guided highly efficient endothelial commitment from human pluripotent stem cells (2016)

Obtaining highly purified differentiated cells via directed differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) is an essential step for their clinical application. Among the various conditions that should be optimized, the precise role and contribution of the extracellular matrix (ECM) during differentiation are relatively unclear. Here, using a short fragment of laminin 411 (LM411-E8), an ECM predominantly expressed in the vascular endothelial basement membrane, we demonstrate that the directed switching of defined ECMs robustly yields highly-purified (>95%) endothelial progenitor cells (PSC-EPCs) without cell sorting from hPSCs in an integrin-laminin axis-dependent manner. Single-cell RNA-seq analysis revealed that LM411-E8 resolved intercellular transcriptional heterogeneity and escorted the progenitor cells to the appropriate differentiation pathway. The PSC-EPCs gave rise to functional endothelial cells both in vivo and in vitro. We therefore propose that sequential switching of defined matrices is an important concept for guiding cells towards desired fate.
Structure Binding Relationship of Galactosylated Glycoclusters toward Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lectin LecA Using a DNA-Based Carbohydrate Microarray (2014)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a major public health issue due to its impact on nosocomial infections as well as its impact on cystic fibrosis patient mortality. One of the main concerns is its ability to develop antibiotic resistance. Therefore, inhibition of PA virulence has been proposed as an alternative strategy to tackle PA based infections. LecA (or PA-IL), a galactose binding lectin from PA, is involved in its virulence. Herein, we aimed at designing high affinity synthetic ligands toward LecA for its inhibition and at understanding the key parameters governing the binding of multivalent galactosylated clusters. Twenty-five glycoclusters were synthesized and their bindings were studied on a carbohydrate microarray. Monosaccharide centered clusters and linear comb-like clusters were synthesized with different linkers separating the core and the galactosyl residues. Their length, flexibility, and aromaticity were varied. Our results showed that the binding profile of LecA to galactosylated clusters was dependent on both the core and the linker and also that the optimal linker was different for each core. Nevertheless, an aryl group in the linker structure drastically improved the binding to LecA. Our results also suggest that optimal distances are preferred between the core and the aromatic group and the core and the galactose.
A novel surface-mount RF delay filter for feedforward LPAs (2005)

A novel time-delay filter design is presented that uses a cascade of surface-mount coaxial ceramic delay lines. Quarter-wave microstrip lines are used as impedance inverters to extend the operating bandwidth of the ceramic delay lines. Ideally, no tuning is involved. A theoretical analysis is presented. Two different high-power low-loss delay filters are simulated, built and tested for the 869-894 MHz cellular band. Performance limitations due to circuit parasitics are discussed.
Integrated optical preamplifier technology for optical signal processing and optical communication systems (1991)

Optical preamplification has been shown to significantly improve the sensitivity of receivers for wideband lightwave systems when compared with conventional electronic postamplification. However, the large size and relatively fragile nature of optical preamplifiers assembled from discrete optoelectronic components (i.e., hybrid assemblies) has discouraged the use of optical preamplifiers for system applications. This paper discusses the technology required for integrating a semiconductor optical amplifier with a high-speed photodetector on the same chip, [1] and the expected performance of such a device. The monolithically Integrated Optical Preamplifier (lOP) is expected to combine the performance of hybrid receivers with the functionality of a single optoelectronic component. In addition, this integrated device can be used as a lossless optical tap for network monitoring and/or system reconfiguration, functions that are highly desirable for advanced network architectures.
Identification, Purification, and Characterization of a PA700-dependent Activator of the Proteasome (1996)

The activity of the intracellular protease, the proteasome, is modulated by a number of specific regulatory proteins. One such regulator, PA700, is a 700,000-Da multisubunit protein that activates hydrolytic activities of the proteasome via a mechanism that involves the ATP-dependent formation of a proteasome-PA700 complex. Four subunits of PA700 have been shown previously to be members of a protein family that contains a consensus sequence for ATP binding, and purified PA700 expresses ATPase activity. We report here the identification, purification, and initial characterization of a new modulator of the proteasome. The modulator has no direct effect on the activity of the proteasome, but enhances PA700 activation of the proteasome by up to 8-fold. This activation is associated with the formation of a proteasome/PA700-containing complex that is significantly larger than that formed in its absence. The modulator has a native Mr of approximately 300,000, as determined by gel filtration chromatography, and is composed of three electrophoretically distinct subunits with Mr values of 50,000, 42,000, and 27,000 (p50, p42, and p27, respectively). Amino acid sequence analysis of the subunits shows that p50 and p42 are members of the same ATP-binding protein family found in PA700. The p50 subunit is identical to TBP1, a protein previously reported to interact with human immunodeficiency virus Tat protein (Nelbock, P., Dillion, P. J., Perkins, A., and Rosen, C. A. (1990) Science 248, 1650-1653), while the p42 subunit seems to be a new member of the family. The p27 subunit has no significant sequence similarity to any previously described protein. Both p50 and p42, but not p27, were also identified as components of PA700, increasing the number of ATP-binding protein family members in this complex to six. Thus, p50 and p42 are subunits common to two protein complexes that regulate the proteasome. The PA700-dependent proteasome activator represents a new member of a growing list of proteins that regulate proteasome activity.
Sub-40nm tri-gate charge trapping nonvolatile memory cells for high-density applications (2004)

Fully-depleted tri-gate oxide-nitride-oxide (ONO) transistor memory cells with very short gate lengths in the range L/sub G/ = 30 - 80 nm have been fabricated for the first time. The devices show very good electrical characteristics and have been optimized successfully for high density applications. A NAND-type array organization is proposed and solutions to integration issues are given. In addition, high resolution scanning spreading resistance microscopy has been used to visualize the On-state of a tri-gate memory device.
Hardware-Efficient Delta Sigma-Based Digital Signal Processing Circuits for the Internet-of-Things (2015)

This paper presents hardware-efficient Delta Sigma linear processing circuits for the next generation low-power VLSI devices in the Internet-of-things (IoT).We first propose the P-N (positive-negative) pair method to manipulate both the analog value and length of a first-order Delta Sigma bit sequence. We then present a binary counter method. Based on these methods, we develop Delta Sigma domain on-the-fly digital signal-processing circuits: the Delta Sigma sum adder, average adder and coefficient multiplier. The counter-based average adder can work with both first-order and higher-order Delta Sigma modulators and can also be used as a coefficient multiplier. The functionalities of the proposed circuits are verified by MATLAB simulation and FPGA implementation. We also compare the area and power between the proposed Delta Sigma adders and a conventional multi-bit adder by synthesizing both circuits in the IBM 0.18-μm technology. Synthesis results show that the proposed Delta Sigma processing circuits can extensively reduce circuit area and power. With 100 inputs, a Delta Sigma average adder saves 94% of the silicon area and 96% of the power compared to a multi-bit binary adder. The proposed circuits have the potential to be widely used in future IoT circuits.
Pickup apparatus for an electric string type instrument (1983)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Kenkichi Kaneko, Katsuyuki Tanaka, Satoru Hayashi, Kensaku Hakamada, Masakazu Matsumoto, Shinji Tagaki, Takayuki Goshima; Pickup apparatus for an electric string type instrument. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 August 1983; 74 (2): 672. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.389746 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Design of Smart Oligo(ethylene glycol)-Based Biocompatible Hybrid Microgels Loaded with Magnetic Nanoparticles (2014)

This article reports a rational strategy for preparing smart oligo(ethylene glycol)-based hybrid microgels loaded with high content of homogeneously distributed preformed magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) (up to 33 wt%). The strategy is based on the synthesis of biocompatible multiresponsive microgels by precipitation copolymerization of di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate, oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate, methacrylic acid, and oligo(ethylene glycol)diac-rylate. An aqueous dispersion of preformed magnetic NPs is straightforwardly loaded into the microgels. Robust monodisperse thermoresponsive magnetic microgels are produced, exhibiting a constant value of the volume phase transition temperature whatever the NPs content. The homogeneous microstructure of the initial stimuli-responsive biocompatible microgels plays a crucial role for the design of unique well-defined ethylene glycol-based thermoresponsive hybrid microgels.
Measurements of Microjet Cooling and Phase Change Characteristics Using Microcantilever Heaters (2007)

This paper reports novel microcantilever metrology tools to investigate free microjets emanating from a micromachined nozzle having 10 μm diameter. Microcantilever sensors are well-suited to interrogate these flows due to their high spatial and temporal resolution. In this work, microcantilevers with integrated piezoresistors have been used to detect the breakup distance of free microjets, and microcantilevers with integrated resistive heaters have been applied to study microjet cooling and phase change characteristics. Measured microjet thrusts were in the range of 10 – 60 μN and heat fluxes were measured in the range of 25 – 350 °C. The convective heat fluxes by microjet impingement boiling were estimated at 2.9 – 7.6 kW/cm2. The techniques reported herein are promising to characterize microscale flows.