gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sb-based interband cascade lasers to cover the 3&#x2013;5 &#x03BC;m spectral window (2011)

Semiconductor laser sources for the critical 3-5 um spectral range are evolving and improving rapidly, with significant advancements reported within the last year for three fundamentally different approaches: the intersubband quantum cascade laser (QCL), the type-I quantum well (QW) diode laser, and the interband cascade laser (ICL). Of these three, the most promising candidate to cover the entire wavelength range is the antimonide-based type-II ICL as designed and grown at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). Broad area devices have already demonstrated threshold power densities (P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> = current density × voltage) which will enable room temperature (RT) continuous-wave (CW) operation from 2.9 out to 4.6 μm (Fig. 1). The ICL architecture appears uniquely poised not only to offer complete spectral coverage (3-5 μm) but also to operate with low power dissipation. Some of the most recent ICLs display P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> <; 0.4 kW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> at 300 K (λ ~ 3.6-4.0 μm), which is more than 20 times lower than the best P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> reported to date for QCLs operating at the same temperature. For this reason, the ICL approach is favored for applications demanding low power and excess heat dissipation, e.g., for long battery lifetimes in the field.
Ultra-High-Resolution Millimeter-Wave Imaging: A New Promising Skin Cancer Imaging Modality (2018)

The goal of this study is to investigate the feasibility of using millimeter-wave imaging as a new medical imaging modality for the detection of skin cancer at early stages. In a recent large-scale study, the authors have demonstrated that statistically considerable contrasts exist between the millimeter-wave dielectric properties of normal skin and skin cancer tissues. In this work, an imaging system with a record-wide bandwidth of 98 GHz was developed using the synthetic ultra-wideband millimeterwave imaging approach, a new ultra-high-resolution imaging technique recently developed by the authors. Ex-vivo imaging experiments were conducted on two freshly-excised malignant skin tissues obtained from skin cancer patients having undergone Mohs micrographic surgeries at Hackensack University Medical Center. A programmable measurement platform was designed to automatically scan the tissues across a rectangular aperture plane. Furthermore, a novel frequency-domain imaging algorithm was developed to process the recorded signals and generate an image of the cancerous tissue. The obtained images correctly identified the tumor locations as verified by Mohs histological evaluations.
Explore-Exploit Graph Traversal for Image Retrieval (2019)

We propose a novel graph-based approach for image retrieval. Given a nearest neighbor graph produced by the global descriptor model, we traverse it by alternating between exploit and explore steps. The exploit step maximally utilizes the immediate neighborhood of each vertex, while the explore step traverses vertices that are farther away in the descriptor space. By combining these two steps we can better capture the underlying image manifold, and successfully retrieve relevant images that are visually dissimilar to the query. Our traversal algorithm is conceptually simple, has few tunable parameters and can be implemented with basic data structures. This enables fast real-time inference for previously unseen queries with minimal memory overhead. Despite relative simplicity, we show highly competitive results on multiple public benchmarks, including the largest image retrieval dataset that is currently publicly available. Full code for this work is available here: https://github.com/layer6ai-labs/egt.
An intracellular guanine nucleotide release protein for G0. GAP-43 stimulates isolated alpha subunits by a novel mechanism. (1991)

G protein-coupled membrane receptors activate G proteins by enhancing guanine nucleotide exchange. G0 is a major component of the growing regions (growth cones) of neurons. GAP-43 is a neuronal protein associated with the cytosolic face of the growth cone plasma membrane and stimulates binding of guanosine 5'-3-O-(thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to Go (Strittmatter, S. M., Valenzuela, D., Kennedy, T. E., Neer, E. J., and Fishman, M. C. (1990) Nature 344, 836-841). Here we have examined the mechanism by which GAP-43 affects G0. Like G protein-coupled receptors, GAP-43 enhances GDP release from G0, increases the initial rate of GTP gamma S binding, and increases the GTPase activity of Go, all without altering the intrinsic kappa cat for the GTPase. Unlike the case for receptors, however, the GAP-43 effect is not blocked by pertussis toxin, nor affected by the presence or absence of beta gamma or of phospholipids. There is specificity to the interaction, in that GAP-43 increases GTP gamma S binding to recombinant alpha o and alpha i1, but not to recombinant alpha s. Thus, GAP-43 is a guanine nucleotide release protein with a novel mechanism of action, potentially controlling membrane-associated G proteins from within the cell.
Motion‐adaptive alternate gamma drive for flicker‐free motion‐blur reduction in 100/120‐Hz LCD TV (2009)

LCD motion blur is a well‐known phenomenon, and several approaches have been developed to address it. This includes very‐high‐performance approaches based on motion‐compensated frame‐rate conversion (MC‐FRC) and very‐low‐cost approaches based on impulsive driving. Impulsive‐driving schemes are attractive because of their low cost, but suffer from two significant issues – loss of luminance and large‐area flicker. A new impulsive‐driving approach using motion‐adaptive alternate gamma driving (MA‐AGD), which removes motion blur and preserves the original luminance level without causing large‐area flicker, is proposed.
Wide tunable shift of the reflection band in dual frequency cholesteric liquid crystals (2017)

Technologies featuring external control of reflected and transmitted light are lately being explored for a wide range of optical and photonic applications. Yet, the options for spectral band tuning are scarce, especially if dynamic control of either reflected or transmitted light is required. In this work we demonstrate a tunable device capable of shifting the reflected light spectrum of an impinging light using dual frequency cholesteric liquid crystals. Modulating the frequency of the applied signal, the Bragg reflection can be dynamically shifted over a wide spectral range and also switched off. This feature can be applied to color filters, augmented reality, multi-color lasers or tunable windows.
Somatic Gene Therapy: Methods for the Present and Future (1993)

Somatic gene therapy involves the introduction of novel genetic material into somatic cells to express therapeutic gene products. This emerging technology holds great promise for the treatment of both inherited and acquired diseases. This review summarizes the principles of gene therapy and approaches that are being investigated in experimental animals and clinical trials. These include the construction of recombinant viruses capable of carrying genes into cells by the process of infection as well as the use of DNA molecules that are capable of being used like conventional medicines. Some methods for gene therapy lead to permanent insertion of genes into targeted cells, while others are designed to express a therapeutic product with a defined half-life and duration of action. The goal is to establish site-specific and regulated expression of therapeutic products. The demonstrated safety and public acceptance of initial clinical trials will lead to widespread investigation of applications in both medicine and surgery in the near future.
A 62-kilodalton tyrosine phosphoprotein constitutively present in primary chronic phase chronic myelogenous leukemia enriched lineage negative blast populations. (1994)

Ph+ chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is associated with the reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 culminating in the production of the chimeric p210bcr/abl protein possessing elevated protein tyrosine kinase activity relative to the normal c-abl tyrosine kinase. Our recent studies have revealed subtle differences in the growth, phenotypic and morphologic characteristics of subpopulations of primary lin- Ph+ chronic phase CML blasts and comparable primary normal blasts. In an attempt to correlate these biologic abnormalities and the presence of the p210bcr/abl protein, we initiated studies to identify differences in proteins constitutively phosphorylated on tyrosine in whole cell lysates of comparable primary early blast subpopulations derived from normal and Ph+ chronic phase CML marrows. Immunoblotting with anti-P-tyr Abs demonstrated a prominent 62 kDa phosphotyrosyl protein (pp62) constitutively present in 11/11 Ph+ chronic phase linblasts while being virtually undetectable in equivalent amounts of protein derived from 15/15 and 2/2 comparable normal and Ph-negative chronic phase blast populations, respectively. Immunoblotting with an Ab reportedly specific for the ras GTPase activating protein (GAP) associated p62 protein revealed that the pp62 present in CML blasts is not immunologically related to the former protein. Although the identity of the pp62 is presently not known, its prominent presence in chronic phase CML blasts, in which the only known molecular abnormality is putatively the p210bcr/abl protein, strongly suggests that it may be a critical p210bcr/abl substrate involved in an early stage of expansion of the Ph+ clone.
<title>Design limitations of a photoacoustic probe for port wine stain depth determination</title> (2002)

We designed a photoacoustic probe to determine the depths of epidermal melanin layer and port wine stain (PWS) in human skin. We present experimental data showing limitations in its use. We developed acrylamide tissue phantoms with optical properties matched to shoe of human PWS skin. We determined the limit in resolving epidermal and PWS layers. Additionally, we determined the maximum epidermal melanin concentration that allowed threshold detection of the PWS layer. Finally, we compared the photoacoustic signals from the tissue phantoms and human PWS skin.
Salmonella FraE, an Asparaginase Homolog, Contributes to Fructose-Asparagine but Not Asparagine Utilization (2017)

<i>Salmonella enterica</i> can utilize fructose-asparagine (F-Asn) as a source of carbon and nitrogen. This capability has been attributed to five genes in the <i>fra</i> locus. Previously, we determined that mutations in <i>fraB</i> (deglycase), <i>fraD</i> (kinase), or <i>fraA</i> (transporter) eliminated the ability of <i>Salmonella</i> to grow on F-Asn, while a mutation in <i>fraE</i> allowed partial growth. We hypothesized that FraE, a putative periplasmic fructose-asparaginase, converts F-Asn to NH<sub>4</sub> <sup>+</sup> and fructose-aspartate (F-Asp). FraA could then transport F-Asp into the cytoplasm for subsequent catabolism. Here, we report that growth of the <i>fraE</i> mutant on F-Asn is caused by a partially redundant activity provided by AnsB, a periplasmic asparaginase. Indeed, a <i>fraE ansB</i> double mutant is unable to grow on F-Asn. Moreover, biochemical assays using periplasmic extracts of mutants that express only FraE or AnsB confirmed that each of these enzymes converts F-Asn to F-Asp and NH<sub>4</sub> <sup>+</sup> However, FraE does not contribute to growth on asparagine. We tested and confirmed the hypothesis that a <i>fraE ansB</i> mutant can grow on F-Asp, while mutants lacking <i>fraA</i>, <i>fraD</i>, or <i>fraB</i> cannot. This finding provides strong evidence that FraA transports F-Asp but not F-Asn from the periplasm to the cytoplasm. Previously, we determined that F-Asn is toxic to a <i>fraB</i> mutant due to the accumulation of the FraB substrate, 6-phosphofructose-aspartate (6-P-F-Asp). Here, we found that, as expected, a <i>fraB</i> mutant is also inhibited by F-Asp. Collectively, these findings contribute to a better understanding of F-Asn utilization by <i>Salmonella</i> <b>IMPORTANCE</b> <i>Salmonella</i> is able to utilize fructose-asparagine (F-Asn) as a nutrient. We recently reported that the disruption of a deglycase enzyme in the F-Asn utilization pathway inhibits the growth of <i>Salmonella</i> in mice and recognized this pathway as a novel and specific drug target. Here, we characterize the first step in the pathway wherein FraE hydrolyzes F-Asn to release NH<sub>4</sub> <sup>+</sup> and F-Asp in the periplasm of the cell. A <i>fraE</i> mutant continues to grow slowly on F-Asn due to asparaginase activity encoded by <i>ansB</i>.
A new family of optical systems employing φ-polynomial surfaces (2011)

Unobscured optical systems have been in production since the 1960s. In each case, the unobscured system is an intrinsically rotationally symmetric optical system with an offset aperture stop, a biased input field, or both. This paper presents a new family of truly nonsymmetric optical systems that exploit a new fabrication degree of freedom enabled by the introduction of slow-servos to diamond machining; surfaces whose departure from a sphere varies both radially and azimuthally in the aperture. The benefit of this surface representation is demonstrated by designing a compact, long wave infrared (LWIR) reflective imager using nodal aberration theory. The resulting optical system operates at F/1.9 with a thirty millimeter pupil and a ten degree diagonal full field of view representing an order of magnitude increase in both speed and field area coverage when compared to the same design form with only conic mirror surfaces.
Adaptive Estimation of the State of Charge for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Nonlinear Geometric Observer Approach (2014)

This paper considers the state of charge (SoC) and parameter estimation of lithium-ion batteries. Different from various prior arts, where estimation is based on local linearization of a nonlinear battery model, nonlinear geometric observer approach is followed to design adaptive observers for the SoC and parameter estimation based on nonlinear battery models. A major advantage of the proposed approach is the possibility to establish the exponential stability of the resultant error dynamics of state and parameter estimation. The proposed adaptive observers are shown to be robust with respect to unmodeled process uncertainties. Analysis also shows the design tradeoff between the convergence rate and the robustness of the estimation error dynamics with respect to the measurement noise. Simulation and experimental results validate the effectiveness and main advantages of the proposed approach. Error analysis is presented and explains the experimental results.
Picture Quality Assessment System by Three-Layered Bottom-up Noise Weighting considering Human Visual Perception (1999)

Video compression technologies, such as MPEG-2, are now standardized, and a number of video codecs based on these standards are being developed in many organizations, for use in digital television broadcast and transmission services. The degradation in picture quality produced by video compression is so complicated for human eyes to evaluate that neither a simple signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) nor detailed objective assessment parameters are accurate for this measurement. Studies on picture quality assessment have been conducted based on human visual perception models, which have led to an applicable modeling of the visual process.
A PHASE I TRIAL OF HUMANIZED ANTI-INTERLEUKIN 2 RECEPTOR ANTIBODY IN RENAL TRANSPLANTATION1 (1997)

The efficacy of murine monoclonal anti-interleukin 2 alpha chain receptor (Tac) antibodies is limited by a short half-life and the development of antibodies to the heterologous protein. The safety, pharmacokinetics-dynamics, and immunosuppressive effect of a humanized anti-Tac antibody (HAT) was evaluated in 12 renal transplant recipients. Ten patients received living related transplants (three HLA-identical matches and seven one-haplotype or zero-haplotype matches) and two patients received cadaver organs. The patients were divided into four HAT treatment arms: 0.5 mg/kg/week (n=4), 1 mg/kg/week (n=2), 0.5 mg/kg every other week (n=3), and 1 mg/kg every other week (n=3). The first dose of HAT was given within 12 hr before transplantation, and four additional doses were given after transplantation. Patients were also placed on cyclosporine, steroids, and azathioprine. Only one patient, a recipient of a cadaver kidney in the lowest HAT treatment arm, had a reversible rejection episode. The 10 recipients of living related transplants were compared with 17 historical controls treated with an identical immunosuppressive regimen except for HAT. Whereas none of the HAT-treated living related donor recipients had a rejection episode, 6 of 17 (41%) of the historical controls had a rejection episode in the first year after transplantation. There were no first-dose reactions after HAT therapy or other subsequent side effects. None of the patients experienced opportunistic infections or malignancies. One patient developed low-titer anti-HAT antibodies, although the patient maintained high serum HAT concentrations throughout the study. Immune monitoring showed that there were no changes in the percentage or absolute counts of CD3 cells or T-cell subsets after HAT therapy. However, there was a significant decrease in the number of circulating lymphocytes that expressed free Tac. The overall harmonic mean half-life of HAT was 273 hr. The results of this study indicate that HAT given at 1 mg/kg every other week for a total of five doses may provide therapeutic HAT concentration levels and result in good saturation of Tac receptors for at least 12 weeks after transplantation. In summary, HAT is safe and is well tolerated by patients. Its long half-life and lack of immunization could make it a very useful immunosuppressive drug.
Tuberculosis vaccine with high predicted population coverage and compatibility with modern diagnostics (2014)

A central goal in vaccine research is the identification of relevant antigens. The Mycobacterium tuberculosis chromosome encodes 23 early secretory antigenic target (ESAT-6) family members that mostly are localized as gene pairs. In proximity to five of the gene pairs are ESX secretion systems involved in the secretion of the ESAT-6 family proteins. Here, we performed a detailed and systematic investigation of the vaccine potential of five possible Esx dimer substrates, one for each of the five ESX systems. On the basis of gene transcription during infection, immunogenicity, and protective capacity in a mouse aerosol challenge model, we identified the ESX dimer substrates EsxD-EsxC, ExsG-EsxH, and ExsW-EsxV as the most promising vaccine candidates and combined them in a fusion protein, H65. Vaccination with H65 gave protection at the level of bacillus Calmette-Guérin, and the fusion protein exhibited high predicted population coverage in high endemic regions. H65 thus constitutes a promising vaccine candidate devoid of antigen 85 and fully compatible with current ESAT-6 and culture filtrate protein 10-based diagnostics.
ChemInform Abstract: Discovery and Development of Natural Product Oridonin‐Inspired Anticancer Agents (2016)

Abstract Review: 130 refs.
Enhanced Precision of Estrus and Luteinizing Hormone After Progesterone and Prostaglandin in Heifers (1986)

Objectives were to determine if low progesterone and increased basal luteinizing hormone for 3 d after injecting prostaglandin F2 alpha would affect precision of preovulatory surges of luteinizing hormone and onset of estrus in Holstein heifers. In experiments 1 and 2, heifers received progesterone devices for 10 d and prostaglandin F2 alpha on the 7th d after inserting progesterone device. For controls, progesterone devices were removed when prostaglandin F2 alpha was injected, and control devices were installed for 3 d. In experiment 1, jugular blood was sampled every 2 or 4 h from injection of prostaglandin F2 alpha until 108 h after removing progesterone to determine basal and peak secretion of luteinizing hormone. In treatment heifers, basal luteinizing hormone tended to increase, and intervals to peak secretion of luteinizing hormone were shorter and more precise than for controls. In experiment 2, heifers were observed for estrus for 30 min every 4 h for 96 h after removing progesterone devices. Intervals to onset of estrus for experimental heifers were shorter and more precise than for controls. After exogenous prostaglandin F2 alpha, 1 to 2 ng of progesterone per milliliter of serum for 2 to 3 d allows increased basal luteinizing hormone and is associated with increased precision of preovulatory secretion of luteinizing hormone and onset of estrus. This may be an acceptable method to control ovulation precisely for fixed time insemination of cattle.
Acoustic direction identification system (1986)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Cecil H. Coker, David R. Fischell; Acoustic direction identification system. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 November 1986; 80 (5): 1566. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.394304 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Arithmetic built-in self-test for digital signal processing architectures (2002)

In this paper, we present a new non-intrusive built-in self test (BIST) methodology, aimed at improving testability of DSP architectures. The method utilizes the arithmetic blocks in DSP data paths to perform test pattern generation and test response compaction. Consequently, it requires virtually no area overhead and results in no performance degradation. Furthermore, it can be used for at-speed testing thereby providing a capability to detect failures that may not be detectable by conventional low speed testing.
Silica‐based self‐healing microcapsules for self‐repair in concrete (2015)

ABSTRACT New self‐healing material for concrete repair has been fabricated through microencapsulation of silica sol via interfacial polymerization of poly(urea‐urethane). Smooth, uniform, and spherical capsules of 60–120 µm sizes were synthesized and optimized by studying the emulsification and polymerization steps of its synthesis. A hydrophile–lyophile balance (HLB) value of 3.0–5.0 and a rotational speed of 500 rpm were necessary to produce a stable emulsion system of silica sol in surfactants. The polymerization speed of 900 rpm and the methylene diisocyanate (MDI) monomer content of 15 wt % were both significant in getting the right size and smoothness of the microcapsules. With this method and cheap healing agents, industrial scale‐up is highly possible. The viscoelastic properties of the microcapsules were examined, and further characterizations were carried out through scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. After healing the microcracks in concrete, the results showed that the significant increase of compressive and bending strengths manifested the self‐healing ability of the microcapsules in concrete. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133 , 43090.