gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>Ab initio</i>band structure calculations of Mg<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>and MgSiN<sub>2</sub> (1999)

Ab initio band structure calculations were performed for MgSiN 2 and Mg 3 N 2 . Calculations show that both nitrides are semiconductors with direct energy gaps at . The valence bands are composed mainly of N 2p states hybridized with s and p characters of the metals. The bottom of the conduction band consists of the s characters of Mg and N for Mg 3 N 2 , as well as for MgSiN 2 , while the characters of Si are higher in energy. The optical diffuse spectra show an energy gap of about 2.8 eV for Mg 3 N 2 and 4.8 eV for MgSiN 2 , in agreement with the calculated values.
Feedback regulation via AMPK and HIF-1 mediates ROS-dependent longevity in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (2014)

Mild inhibition of mitochondrial respiration extends the lifespan of many species. In Caenorhabditis elegans, reactive oxygen species (ROS) promote longevity by activating hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) in response to reduced mitochondrial respiration. However, the physiological role and mechanism of ROS-induced longevity are poorly understood. Here, we show that a modest increase in ROS increases the immunity and lifespan of C. elegans through feedback regulation by HIF-1 and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). We found that activation of AMPK as well as HIF-1 mediates the longevity response to ROS. We further showed that AMPK reduces internal levels of ROS, whereas HIF-1 amplifies the levels of internal ROS under conditions that increase ROS. Moreover, mitochondrial ROS increase resistance to various pathogenic bacteria, suggesting a possible association between immunity and long lifespan. Thus, AMPK and HIF-1 may control immunity and longevity tightly by acting as feedback regulators of ROS.
Identification of a homologue for annexin VII (synexin) in Dictyostelium discoideum (1991)

Immunological and biochemical data have been used to show that the slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum expresses a Ca2+/phospholipid-binding protein related to vertebrate annexins. The Dictyostelium protein (apparent molecular mass 46 kDa) is recognized by an antibody directed against an annexin consensus peptide and exhibits the properties characteristic for annexins, i.e. it interacts in a Ca2(+)-dependent manner with negatively charged phospholipids. Limited proteolysis converts the 46-kDa protein into a 32-kDa derivative which retains the Ca2+/phospholipid-binding properties of the 46-kDa polypeptide. Partial protein sequence data identify the Dictyostelium protein as the typical annexin and indicate that the 46-kDa protein is an annexin VII (synexin) homologue. The identification of an annexin in a simple eucaryote should lead to the introduction of genetic approaches to analyze the physiological role of the annexins.
Verifica della struttura fattoriale dell’e-YCCT tramite l’impiego dei modelli di equazioni strutturali (MES) (2005)

Verifica della struttura fattoriale dell’e-YCCT tramite l’impiego dei modelli di equazioni strutturali (MES)
Symbol Error Probability of Distributed-Alamouti Scheme in Wireless Relay Networks (2008)

In this paper, we analyze the maximum likelihood decoding performance of non-regenerative cooperation employing Alamouti scheme. Specifically, we derive two closed-form expressions for average symbol error probability (SEP) when the relays are located near by the source or destination. The analytical results are obtained as a single integral with finite limits and an integrand composed solely of trigonometric functions. Assessing the asymptotic (high signal-to-noise ratio) behavior of SEP formulas, we show that the distributed-Alamouti codes achieves a full diversity order. We also perform Monte-Carlo simulations to validate the analysis.
Vacuum ultraviolet circular dichroism spectroscopy using an ac-modulated polarizing undulator (2005)

To obtain vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) circular dichroism (CD) measurements, an Onuki-type crossed undulator in an electron storage ring (TERAS) at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) was used as a light source and a polarization modulator was used instead of a photoelastic modulator (PEM). Polarization modification through the beam-line optics was theoretically considered and experimentally examined by polarization analysis. The modulation frequency of 2Hz was chosen to optimize the signal-to-noise ratio. On this basis, VUV-CD spectra of alanine films were measured and calibrated. The resulting CD spectra were consistent with other data obtained that was measured by a conventional CD spectropolarimeter (JASCO, J720WI) at a wavelength range of 190–210nm. The spectra of L- and D-alanine films showed an obvious symmetry with respect to the baseline at a wavelength range of 120–210nm. These results proved that the true CD of the samples was measured. The present technique successfully extended the wavelength coverage of CD measurements to a shorter range than the practical limit of PEMs.
PaCER - A fully automated method for electrode trajectory and contact reconstruction in deep brain stimulation (2017)

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a neurosurgical intervention where electrodes are permanently implanted into the brain in order to modulate pathologic neural activity. The post-operative reconstruction of the DBS electrodes is important for an efficient stimulation parameter tuning. A major limitation of existing approaches for electrode reconstruction from post-operative imaging that prevents the clinical routine use is that they are manual or semi-automatic, and thus both time-consuming and subjective. Moreover, the existing methods rely on a simplified model of a straight line electrode trajectory, rather than the more realistic curved trajectory. The main contribution of this paper is that for the first time we present a highly accurate and fully automated method for electrode reconstruction that considers curved trajectories. The robustness of our proposed method is demonstrated using a multi-center clinical dataset consisting of <i>N</i> = 44 electrodes. In all cases the electrode trajectories were successfully identified and reconstructed. In addition, the accuracy is demonstrated quantitatively using a high-accuracy phantom with known ground truth. In the phantom experiment, the method could detect individual electrode contacts with high accuracy and the trajectory reconstruction reached an error level below 100 μm (0.046 ± 0.025 mm). An implementation of the method is made publicly available such that it can directly be used by researchers or clinicians. This constitutes an important step towards future integration of lead reconstruction into standard clinical care.
Transient behavior of natural circulation for boiling two-phase flow - experimental results (1990)

The safety of current light water reactors (LWRs) is too dependent on active engineered safety features to enhance their reliability greatly. Many concepts have been proposed for the next generation of LWRs in which passive safety functions are pursued. A natural-circulation boiling water reactor (BWR), such as the simplified BWR SBWR, is one such proposal. From the viewpoint of core stability, the power density of natural-circulation BWRs is lower than that of current BWRs and their fuel pin length is shorter, so that reactor diameter is larger. Moreover, the size of a reactor vessel is limited by the ability of the present machine, and its output power may be lower than 600 MW(electric). As Japan is a relatively small country, it is difficult to find reactor sites, and Japanese electric power companies are not inclined to introduce small or medium-sized reactors. If the merits of eliminating circulation pumps are truly understood, however, it seems that a series of power generators will be supported by industry and natural-circulation BWRs may thus be introduced in Japan. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a discussion on the merits and drawbacks of natural-circulation BWRs. The thermohydraulic behavior of developing processes of naturalmore » circulation in boiling two-phase flow has been investigated experimentally by simulating normal and abnormal start-up conditions.« less
Photoinhibitory printing on leaves, visualised by chlorophyll fluorescence imaging and confocal microscopy, is due to diminished fluorescence from grana (1999)

By analogy with the starch printing technique, it was hypothesised that photoinhibition could be used to print images on leaves that would be invisible to the eye, but easily revealed by chlorophyll fluorescence imaging. We first illustrate the process of chlorophyll fluorescence printing on leaves of the shade plant, Cissus rhombifolia , using photographs of artefacts from starch printing experiments in the laboratory of Molisch. We then use portraits of current leaders in chlorophyll fluorescence research to demonstrate the stability of these images in living tissues. Text printing from microfilm of Ewart’s pioneering studies in photoinhibition shows the resolution of the method with the fixed-focus, portable, imaging system used here. The stability of images, as well as quenching analysis of images and of leaves, suggests that localised photoinactivation, rather than sustained photoprotection, is responsible for the detail displayed by fluorescence printing. Electron micrograph positives of stained thylakoids can be printed to create an illusion of what is imagined to be the source of chlorophyll fluorescence at the membrane level. Individual chloroplasts in adjacent cells under the grid pattern of granal stacks printed on leaves were also examined using a confocal microscope. Compared with chloroplasts in the shaded parts of the grid, those in the photoinactivated parts of the grid show greatly reduced chlorophyll autofluorescence. Moreover, these chloroplasts have lost the localised bright fluorescence from grana. Comparisons of fluorescence yields show that relative chlorophyll autofluorescence from grana observed in the confocal microscope parallels that determined in leaves. Our experiments provide direct visual evidence that fluorescence from grana is lost following photoinactivation of photosystem II in vivo .
Enhancing Traditional Games with Augmented Reality Technologies (2012)

Digital technologies are useful to enhance existing traditional games to increase their pleasure. In many games, digital technologies can add special effects to excite a player emotionally. However, the technologies are also useful to help a player to learn complex rules in the games. Especially, traditional games like a poker are not easy to learn for beginners so many recent young people lose interests to play the games. In this paper, we present AR-Hold'em that is an enhanced Texas Hold'em poker game with augmented reality technologies. We also present some user studies showing the effectiveness of our approach.
ADENOVIRUS NEPHRITIS IN HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELL TRANSPLANTATION (2004)

ADV nephritis is a specific renal complication in HSCT patients that can be diagnosed by renal biopsy in patients with hematuria and adenoviruria.
Intravenously administered nanoparticles increase survival following blast trauma (2014)

Explosions account for 79% of combat-related injuries, leading to multiorgan hemorrhage and uncontrolled bleeding. Uncontrolled bleeding is the leading cause of death in battlefield traumas as well as in civilian life. We need to stop the bleeding quickly to save lives, but, shockingly, there are no treatments to stop internal bleeding. A therapy that halts bleeding in a site-specific manner and is safe, stable at room temperature, and easily administered is critical for the advancement of trauma care. To address this need, we have developed hemostatic nanoparticles that are administered intravenously. When tested in a model of blast trauma with multiorgan hemorrhaging, i.v. administration of the hemostatic nanoparticles led to a significant improvement in survival over the short term (1 h postblast). No complications from this treatment were apparent out to 3 wk. This work demonstrates that these particles have the potential to save lives and fundamentally change trauma care.
Computational and performance studies of Ag<sub>2</sub>S–Bi<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> quantum dot-sensitised solar cells (2022)

In this work, theoretical and experimental techniques were employed to analyze the feasibility of ‘green’ Ag- and Bi-based QDs as sensitisers in QDSSC. In the computational approach, the geometrical structures and optoelectronic properties of anatase-TiO 2 (101) surface sensitised with Ag 2 S, Bi 2 S 3 and Ag 2 S–Bi 2 S 3 nanoclusters were investigated by means of density functional theory. In the experimental approach, the performances of the QDSSCs were validated. The properties of the QD-sensitised TiO 2 electrode were characterised with FESEM, TEM, EDS, and UV–visible spectroscopy. It was observed that Ag 2 S–Bi 2 S 3 QDSSC treated with post heat treatment exhibited better efficiency. UV–VIS spectroscopy result showed that the same sample had better absorption below the 570 nm wavelength. Efficiency obtained was at the low side due to charge recombination.
High speed separation of DNA fragments by capillary electrophoresis in poly(ethylene oxide)‐poly(propylene oxide)‐poly(ethylene oxide) triblock polymer (1998)

The high speed separation of DNA fragments by using a triblock copolymer, 25% w/v F127 (PEO99PPO69PEO99 with PEO and PPO denoting polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide, respectively) which is easy to handle and does not need coating of the quartz capillary, has been investigated. Two ways to decrease the run time are presented: one is to shorten the effective capillary length and the other to increase the electric field strength. In a short capillary, the sieving ability of the separation medium versus the initial band width, and the band width spreading as a function of distance traveled dominate the resolution; at high electric field strength, Joule heating could deteriorate the separation. By taking both effects into account, the phi X174/HaeIII digest could be separated within 100 s by using an 8 mm effective length, 50 microns diameter capillary operating at 300 V/cm.
Suppression of Li2O out-diffusion from Ti-diffused LiNbO3 optical waveguides (1977)

Light guides fabricated by Ti diffusion into y-cut LiNbO3 are attractive because of the possibility of using the larest electro-optic coefficient (r33). However, the accompanying Li2O out-diffusion gives rise to unwanted guided modes which are a problem in electro-optic modulators. To overcome this problem it is necessary to reintroduce Li back into the crystal by some means. Here we report on a simplebut effective process (using Li2O) to suppress Li2O out-diffusion and realize single-mode Ti-diffused LiNbO3 light guides in a y-cut orientation. A natural extension of the above process to Ti-diffused LiTaO3 light-guiding structure should be possible.
Analysis of periodic and event-driven rescheduling policies in dynamic shops (1992)

Abstract We address the problem of rescheduling production systems in the face of dynamic job arrivals. Using simple single-and parallel-machine models to gain insight, we provide worst-case and computational analyses of periodic and event-driven rescheduling policies. Our results indicate that event-driven policies can obtain high-quality schedules with less rescheduling than continuous rescheduling policies. We also show that if structure in the job arrival process is exploited very effective periodic rescheduling policies can be designed.
Difference in Visual Processing Assessed by Eye Vergence Movements (2013)

Orienting visual attention is closely linked to the oculomotor system. For example, a shift of attention is usually followed by a saccadic eye movement and can be revealed by micro saccades. Recently we reported a novel role of another type of eye movement, namely eye vergence, in orienting visual attention. Shifts in visuospatial attention are characterized by the response modulation to a selected target. However, unlike (micro-) saccades, eye vergence movements do not carry spatial information (except for depth) and are thus not specific to a particular visual location. To further understand the role of eye vergence in visual attention, we tested subjects with different perceptual styles. Perceptual style refers to the characteristic way individuals perceive environmental stimuli, and is characterized by a spatial difference (local vs. global) in perceptual processing. We tested field independent (local; FI) and field dependent (global; FD) observers in a cue/no-cue task and a matching task. We found that FI observers responded faster and had stronger modulation in eye vergence in both tasks than FD subjects. The results may suggest that eye vergence modulation may relate to the trade-off between the size of spatial region covered by attention and the processing efficiency of sensory information. Alternatively, vergence modulation may have a role in the switch in cortical state to prepare the visual system for new incoming sensory information. In conclusion, vergence eye movements may be added to the growing list of functions of fixational eye movements in visual perception. However, further studies are needed to elucidate its role.
Aircraft Wing Build Philosophy Change through System Pre-Equipping of Major Components (2016)

In the civil aircraft industry there is a continuous drive to increase the aircraft production rate, particularly for single aisle aircraft where there is a large backlog of orders.One of the bottlenecks is the wing assembly process which is largely manual due to the complexity of the task and the limited accessibility.The presented work describes a general wing build approach for both structure and systems equipping operations.A modified build philosophy is then proposed, concerned with large component pre-equipping, such as skins, spars or ribs.The approach benefits from an offloading of the systems equipping phase and allowing for higher flexibility to organize the pre-equipping stations as separate entities from the overall production line.Its application is presented in the context of an industrial project focused on selecting feasible system candidates for a fixed wing design, based on assembly consideration risks for tooling, interference and access.Further industrial, human and cost factors are discussed to establish project competiveness.The main findings show a potential to reduce assembly time of systems equipping operations by 30% together with a lower ergonomic impact score.The paper also presents design rules derived from the case study towards a system design for a pre-equipping build philosophy.Primarily, cross component interfaces should be avoided as much as possible.Access for phase one structural operations need to be considered as well as major component jig pickup points.To increase system installation independence, layout considerations of components should lead to sufficient access to all components at any installation stage.
Dissection and Modulation of the Four Distinct Activities of Nisin by Mutagenesis of Rings A and B and by C-Terminal Truncation (2007)

ABSTRACT Nisin A is a pentacyclic antibiotic peptide produced by various Lactococcus lactis strains. Nisin displays four different activities: (i) it autoinduces its own synthesis; (ii) it inhibits the growth of target bacteria by membrane pore formation; (iii) it inhibits bacterial growth by interfering with cell wall synthesis; and, in addition, (iv) it inhibits the outgrowth of spores. Here we investigate the structural requirements and relevance of the N-terminal thioether rings of nisin by randomization of the ring A and B positions. The data demonstrate that: (i) mutation of ring A results in variants with enhanced activity and a modulated spectrum of target cells; (ii) for the cell growth-inhibiting activity of nisin, ring A is rather promiscuous with respect to its amino acid composition, whereas the bulky amino acid residues in ring B abolish antimicrobial activity; (iii) C-terminally truncated nisin A mutants lacking rings D and E retain significant antimicrobial activity but are unable to permeabilize the target membrane; (iv) the dehydroalanine in ring A is not essential for the inhibition of the outgrowth of Bacillus cells; (v) some ring A mutants have significant antimicrobial activities but have decreased autoinducing activities; (vi) the opening of ring B eliminates antimicrobial activity while retaining autoinducing activity; and (vii) some ring A mutants escape the nisin immune system(s) and are toxic to the nisin-producing strain NZ9700. These data demonstrate that the various activities of nisin can be engineered independently and provide a basis for the design and synthesis of tailor-made analogs with desired activities.
Reduced Graphene Oxide nano-composites layer on fiber optic tip sensor reflectance response for sensing of aqueous ethanol (2016)

In this study, the used of tapered optical fiber tip as sensors coated with reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) is investigated. The resultant rGO nanocomposites coated on the tapered fiber sensor were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Optimization of the rGO layer and the tapering parameters are found and the sensing capability of the device is tested using different concentrations of ethanol in water. The nanocomposite layer improved the performance of the sensor by demonstrating high sensitivity to aqueous ethanol when interrogated in the visible region using a spectrometer in the optical wavelength range of 500–700 nm. The reflectance response of the rGO coated fiber tip reduced linearly, upon exposure to ethanol concentrations ranging between 20-80 %.
Pharmacologic evaluation of pressor and visceromotor reflex responses to bladder distension (2007)

Current results using the rat urinary bladder distension model are consistent with previous research demonstrating a role of the analgesics (morphine, U50,488, and mexiletine) in the inhibition of visceral nociceptive transmission. The utility of the reflex responses to urinary bladder distension may provide a method useful to examine mechanisms which target the bladder sensory pathway.