gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optical and thermal response of single-walled carbon nanotube–copper sulfide nanoparticle hybrid nanomaterials (2012)

This paper reports the optical and thermal response of a single-walled carbon nanotube-copper sulfide nanoparticle (SWNT-CuS NP) hybrid nanomaterial and its application as a thermoelectric generator. The hybrid nanomaterial was synthesized using oleylamine molecules as the linker molecules between SWNTs and CuS NPs. Measurements found that the hybrid nanomaterial has significantly increased light absorption (up to 80%) compared to the pure SWNT. Measurements also found that the hybrid nanomaterial thin-film devices exhibit a clear optical and thermal switching effect, which can be further enhanced up to 10 × by asymmetric illumination of light and thermal radiation on the thin-film devices instead of symmetric illumination. A simple prototype thermoelectric generator enabled by the hybrid nanomaterials is demonstrated, indicating a new route for achieving thermoelectricity.
<title>3D-model building of the jaw impression</title> (1997)

A novel approach is proposed to obtain a record of the patient's occlusion using computer vision. Data acquisition is obtained using intra-oral video cameras. The technique utilizes shape from shading to extract 3D information from 2D views of the jaw, and a novel technique for 3D data registration using genetic algorithms. The resulting 3D model can be used for diagnosis, treatment planning, and implant purposes. The overall purpose of this research is to develop a model-based vision system for orthodontics to replace traditional approaches. This system will be flexible, accurate, and will reduce the cost of orthodontic treatments.
All-optical associative holographic memory with feedback using phase conjugate mirrors (1985)

We propose to use a hologram as a storage medium in an all-optical feedback configuration which includes phase conjugate mirrors. The associative properties of holograms have been suggested earlier by Gabor. Addressing the system by a partial or distorted version of the stored data generates the complete version most closely associated with that input. The phase conjugate mirrors are used to form an optical resonator, containing the hologram, with threshold adjustment such that only the strongest reconstructed image and its corresponding reference beam are fully reconstructed. Because a hologram can be decomposed into a set of single holographic gratings, we demonstrate that a phase conjugate resonator can operate with multiple intracavity gratings. The resonator consisted of the phase conjugator, BaTiO 3 , an intracavity hologram of two superimposed gratings, and two output couplers normal to each diffracted beam. The resonator oscillates between both output couplers unless there is a different loss in each path. By adjusting the loss and therefore the threshold, either leg of the resonator could be made to oscillate. To replace permanent holograms, the use of photorefractive materials for real-time adaptive associative memories is also presented.
Method for storing spent nuclear fuel in repositories. [in sulfur] (1981)

A method for storing radioactive spent fuel in repositories containing sulfur as the storage medium is disclosed. Sulfur is non-corrosive and not subject to radiation damage. Thus, storage periods of up to 100 years are possible.
New latex reagent using monoclonal antibodies to capsular polysaccharide for reliable identification of both oxacillin-susceptible and oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (1993)

A new latex agglutination test (Pastorex Staph-Plus, Sanofi Diagnostics Pasteur), consisting of a mixture of latex particles coated with fibrinogen and immunoglobulin G for the detection of clumping factor and protein A and latex particles sensitized with monoclonal antibodies directed to Staphylococcus aureus serotype 5 and 8 capsular polysaccharides, was compared with three commercially available rapid agglutination methods for the identification of 220 isolates of S. aureus (61 oxacillin resistant) and 128 isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci. The sensitivity for identification of S. aureus was high with the Pastorex Staph-Plus test (98.6%) compared with those of the other tests, which ranged from 91.8 to 84.5%. Test sensitivities for the identification of oxacillin-resistant S. aureus were as follows: Pastorex Staph-Plus, 95.1%; Pastorex Staph, 73.8%; Staphyslide, 72.1%; and StaphAurex, 49.2%.
An EP2 receptor-selective prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub>agonist induces bone healing (2003)

The morbidity and mortality associated with impaired/delayed fracture healing remain high. Our objective was to identify a small nonpeptidyl molecule with the ability to promote fracture healing and prevent malunions. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) causes significant increases in bone mass and bone strength when administered systemically or locally to the skeleton. However, due to side effects, PGE2 is an unacceptable therapeutic option for fracture healing. PGE2 mediates its tissue-specific pharmacological activity via four different G protein-coupled receptor subtypes, EP1, -2, -3, and -4. The anabolic action of PGE2 in bone has been linked to an elevated level of cAMP, thereby implicating the EP2 and/or EP4 receptor subtypes in bone formation. We identified an EP2 selective agonist, CP-533,536, which has the ability to heal canine long bone segmental and fracture model defects without the objectionable side effects of PGE2, suggesting that the EP2 receptor subtype is a major contributor to PGE2's local bone anabolic activity. The potent bone anabolic activity of CP-533,536 offers a therapeutic alternative for the treatment of fractures and bone defects in patients.
MinBD: Minimally-Buffered Deflection Routing for Energy-Efficient Interconnect (2012)

A conventional Network-on-Chip (NoC) router uses input buffers to store in-flight packets. These buffers improve performance, but consume significant power. It is possible to bypass these buffers when they are empty, reducing dynamic power, but static buffer power, and dynamic power when buffers are utilized, remain. To improve energy efficiency, buffer less deflection routing removes input buffers, and instead uses deflection (misrouting) to resolve contention. However, at high network load, deflections cause unnecessary network hops, wasting power and reducing performance. In this work, we propose a new NoC router design called the minimally-buffered deflection (MinBD) router. This router combines deflection routing with a small "side buffer," which is much smaller than conventional input buffers. A MinBD router places some network traffic that would have otherwise been deflected in this side buffer, reducing deflections significantly. The router buffers only a fraction of traffic, thus making more efficient use of buffer space than a router that holds every flit in its input buffers. We evaluate MinBD against input-buffered routers of various sizes that implement buffer bypassing, a buffer less router, and a hybrid design, and show that MinBD is more energy efficient than all prior designs, and has performance that approaches the conventional input-buffered router with area and power close to the buffer less router.
An Oxygen‐Effervescent Aluminate Glass (1987)

A foaming‐agent‐free aluminate glass of the composition 59CaO·7MgO·27Al 2 O 3 ·7SiO 2 (mol%) exhibited marked effervescence on heating the as quenched glass to near its softening temperature. Numerous bubbles evolve over the entire glass. Their radii are nearly constant (50 μm) and depend on heat‐treatment conditions. Their maximum volume goes up to ∼ 10 vol%. The bubbles consist solely of oxygen gas and pressure is ∼ 130 kPa (1.3 atm) at the softening temperature.
A new design for ultracompact multimode interference-based 2/spl times/2 couplers (1997)

Summary form only given. Perhaps the most important MMI structure is the 2/spl times/2 coupler, due to its use in such a variety of photonic integrated circuits. We propose here a new MMI stucture which reduces the proximity limitations by allowing the access waveguides to be well separated. This device allows for a major reduction in the device length through a taper of the MMI region width along the propagation axis. The shape of the MMI region is designed in such a manner that the splitting ratio at the end of the MMI region is preserved, even at the 3dB point. Numerical simulations of several such MMI structure designs are given.
User-directed exploration of mining space with multiple attributes (2003)

There has been a growing interest in mining frequent itemsets in relational data with multiple attributes. A key step in this approach is to select a set of attributes that group data into transactions and a separate set of attributes that labels data into items. Unsupervised and unrestricted mining, however is stymied by the combinatorial complexity and the quantity of patterns as the number of attributes grows. In this paper we focus on leveraging the semantics of the underlying data for mining frequent itemsets. For instance, there are usually taxonomies in the data schema and functional dependencies among the attributes. Domain knowledge and user preferences often have the potential to significantly reduce the exponentially growing mining space. These observations motivate the design of a user-directed data mining framework that allows such domain knowledge to guide the mining process and control the mining strategy. We show examples of tremendous reduction in computation by using domain knowledge in mining relational data with multiple attributes.
White light from InGaN/conjugated polymer hybrid light-emitting diodes (1997)

We report white light emission from InGaN/conjugated polymer hybrid light-emitting diodes (LEDs). White light sources (or sources with various colors) are achieved by combining the photoluminescence (PL) from semiconducting (conjugated) polymers with the emission from high efficiency InGaN based LEDs; the InGaN based LED provides the blue component and, simultaneously, serves as the short wavelength pump source for exciting the PL of the polymer film(s).
Synthesis of novel energetic compounds. 7. Azido derivatives of pentaerythritol (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of novel energetic compounds. 7. Azido derivatives of pentaerythritolEdgar R. Wilson and Milton B. FrankelCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 17, 3211–3212Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00217a040https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00217a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views561Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Powerful Color Center Laser in NaCl:OH over the 1.41 to 1.77 μm Region (1986)

A stable color center laser based on the F2+:O-- center has been demonstrated in NaCl. The laser produces over 1.25 W of power at 1.6 μm when pumped with 9 W from a 1.06 μm cw Nd:YAG laser. The laser tuning curve extends from 1.41 μm to 1.77 μm (Fig. 1), and represents the first powerful source of tunable radiation above 1.6 μm, extending well beyond the Tlo(1) laser in KCl in both power and range. In addition, modelocked pulses of 5.5 psec duration have been generated in a synchronously pumped arrangement, tunable from 1.47 to 1.73 with average power of 450 mW at the peak of the tuning curve.
Extended Polysaccharide Analysis within the Liposomal Encapsulation of Polysaccharides System (2020)

The Liposomal Encapsulation of Polysaccharides (LEPS) dual antigen vaccine carrier system was assessed across two distinct polysaccharides for encapsulation efficiency, subsequent liposomal surface adornment with protein, adjuvant addition, and size and charge metrics. The polysaccharides derive from two different serotypes of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> and have traditionally served as the active ingredients of vaccines against pneumococcal disease. The LEPS system was designed to mimic glycoconjugate vaccines that covalently couple polysaccharides to protein carriers; however, the LEPS system uses a noncovalent co-localization mechanism through protein liposomal surface attachment. In an effort to more thoroughly characterize the LEPS system across individual vaccine components and thus support broader future utility, polysaccharides from <i>S. pneumoniae</i> serotypes 3 and 4 were systematically compared within the LEPS framework both pre- and post-surface protein attachment. For both polysaccharides, ≥85% encapsulation efficiency was achieved prior to protein surface attachment. Upon protein attachment with either a model protein (GFP) or a pneumococcal disease antigen (PncO), polysaccharide encapsulation was maintained at ≥61% encapsulation efficiency. Final LEPS carriers were also evaluated with and without alum as an included adjuvant, with encapsulation efficiency maintained at ≥30%, while protein surface attachment efficiency was maintained at ≥~50%. Finally, similar trends and distributions were observed across the different polysaccharides when assessed for liposomal zeta potential and size.
Abstract 4023: Combination therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitor and CCK-receptor blockade increases survival of pancreatic cancer (2016)

Abstract Introduction: Advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has typically been resistant to chemotherapy and immune therapy; therefore, novel strategies are needed to enhance therapeutic response. Cholecystokinin receptors (CCKRs) are present on pancreatic cancer epithelial cells, fibroblasts of the microenvironment, and lymphocytes. We hypothesized that CCK receptor blockade would improve response to immune checkpoint blockade and survival by promoting influx of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and reducing fibrosis. Methods: Subcutaneous tumors were established using Panc02 murine pancreatic cancer cells (1.0- or 2.0 x10E6) in a syngeneic immune competent mouse model. Three separate experiments were performed with 40 mice each. Mice (C57BL/6) were divided into 4 groups (N = 10 mice each) and treated with PBS (control), a CCKR antagonist (L364,718 or proglumide), an immune checkpoint blockade antibody (PD-1 or CTLA-4; Im-Ab), or the combination of CCKR antagonist and immune checkpoint blockade antibody (combination). Tumor growth and animal survival were evaluated. Tumors were subjected to immunohistochemical staining for TILs, trichrome staining, and flow cytometry. Results: On day 50 after inoculation of 10E6 cells all control mice had died while 42%, 42% and 71% of L364,718, CTLA-4 mice, or combination-treated mice, respectively were alive (p = 0.02). By day 90 all mice died except one in the combination-treated group. In the experiment where mice were injected with 2×10E6 Panc02 cells, survival was also increased in mice receiving a proglumide and PD-1 antibody combination (p = 0.0009). CD8+TILs increased by 3-,6.3-,and 7.5-fold in CCKR antagonist, Im-Ab, and combination therapy, respectively compared to controls (p&lt;0.0001). CD4+ TILs also significantly increased (p = 0.001) in the tumors of mice treated with the combination. Trichrome stain analysis revealed 50% less fibrosis in mice treated with CCKR antagonist compared to PBS controls (p = 0.017). Conclusions: The combination of CCKR antagonism and immune checkpoint blockade antibodies significantly improve survival in a murine model of PDAC. The mechanism is associated with decreased fibrosis in the microenvironment and an accompanying influx of CD8+ and CD4+ TILs. Supported by NCI CA50633, CA51008, and CA194745 Citation Format: Jill P. Smith, Shangzi Wang, Ajina Reham, Sandra A. Jablonski, Louis M. Weiner. Combination therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitor and CCK-receptor blockade increases survival of pancreatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 4023.
An Efficient and Robust Approach for Discovering Data Quality Rules (2010)

Poor quality data is a growing problem that affects many enterprises across all aspects of their business ranging from operational efficiency to revenue protection. Moreover, this problem is costly to fix because significant effort and resources are required to identify a comprehensive set of rules that can detect (and correct) data defects along various data quality dimensions such as consistency, conformity, and more. Hence, many organizations employ only basic data quality rules that check for null values, format, etc. in efforts such as data profiling and data cleansing; and ignore rules that are needed to detect deeper problems such as inconsistent values across interdependent attributes. This oversight can lead to numerous problems such as inaccurate reporting of key metrics used to inform critical decisions or derive business insights. In this paper, we present an approach that efficiently and robustly discovers data quality rules - in particular conditional functional dependencies - for detecting inconsistencies in data and hence improves data quality along the critical dimension of consistency. We evaluate our approach empirically on several real-world data sets. We show that our approach performs well on these data sets for metrics such as precision and recall. We also compare our approach to an established solution and show that our approach outperforms this solution for the same metrics. Finally, we show that our approach scales efficiently with the number of records, the number of attributes, and the domain size.
EVALUTATION OF THE EFFECT OF NITRIC OXIDE RELEASING POLYMER ON PLATELET COMSUMPTION AND THROMBOSIS IN A EXTRACORPOREAL CIRCUIT (2001)

Purpose: Nitric oxide (NO) release from vascular endothelium plays a role in preventing both platelet activation and aggregation. NO-releasing polymers represent one strategy for preventing platelet activation and adhesion to artificial surfaces. One class of NO-releasing polymer relies on a surface-bound diamino-cross linking agent (DACA) onto which NO has been coupled. Our goal was to demonstrate that this agent when applied to an extracorporeal circuit would reduce thrombosis and platelet consumption. Methods: Unheparinized New Zealand white rabbits were cannulated in the superior vena cava. Venovenous extracorporeal circulation was carried out for 4 hours at flow rates of 100–120ml/min. Three surfaces were evaluated: untreated silicone rubber (n=2), silicone rubber coated with NO-loaded DACA (n=3), and silicone rubber coated with DACA in the absence of NO (n=4). Platelet counts and fibrinogen levels were performed hourly. The experiment concluded at the end of 4 hours or upon thrombosis of the circuit. The circuits were rinsed and preserved for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: No circuit thrombosis or platelet consumption occurred in the NO-releasing tubing. Furthermore, SEM's of these circuits showed adherent but morphologically normal, non-activated platelets. All DACA-coated non-NO and plain silicone circuits were associated with significant platelet consumption and displayed greater platelet aggregates with fibrin stranding on SEM. Additionally, all four DACA coated non-NO loaded circuits thrombosed prior to the conclusion of the experiment. Fibrinogen consumption occurred irrespective of surface type. The use of nitric oxide releasing compounds in extracorporeal circuits reduces artificial surface-associated platelet consumption. It also reduces the rate of circuit thrombosis, potentially decreasing the need for systemic heparinization.
Structured illumination induced moiré fringes for resolution enhancement in digital holographic microscopy (2016)

This work describes resolution enhancement of digital holographic microscopy based on structured illumination, in which low-frequency moiré fringes are induced and recorded for hologram reconstruction. Higher resolution can be performed with the known structured patterns.
Develop a novel aptamer‐mediated assay for simultaneous detection of different types of circulating tumor cells in whole blood samples (2013)

Oligonucleotide aptamers are a new class of small molecular probes. In contract to protein antibodies, aptamers can be chemically synthesized and easily modified with a variety of functional molecules. By conjugation of both fluorophore and quencher molecule we have previously developed a unique tumor cell‐activated aptamer reporter which is optically silent in the absence of cells of interest. However, the aptamer reporter can selectively target and highlight circulating tumor cells in whole blood with intracellular fluorescent signal. For simultaneous detection of different tumor cells, a new assay system containing aptamer reporters specific for multiple biomarkers (EpCAM, VEGF, and CD30) were formulated. Mixed tumor cells were added into the assay in a 96‐well microplate. After incubation for 30 minutes, the breast cancer cells, prostate cancer cells, and lymphoma cells were highlighted with different fluorescent signals, and simultaneously detected by fluorescent microscope without interference to each other. In addition, the new assay system was also validated in whole blood sample containing diluting cancer cells. Our study shows the first demonstration of a novel aptamer‐mediated assay, which is able to simultaneously detect different types of circulating tumor cells in a single assay with whole blood samples within minutes.
4108 The development of the Electrostatic Actuator for a Micro Camera Module (2006)

This paper describes a newly developed linear electrostatic micro actuator for a camera module. Authors have proposed the electrostatic actuator with vibrating motion of the slider in order to avoid the influence of friction. The micro actuator consists of a slider, two electrodes and several parts. The slider is sandwiched between the plate whose surface has four-phase comb-electrode and the plate whose surface has two-phase electrode. This paper describes the relationship between the slider surface flatness and the actuator driving force. And we confirmed that the actuator driving resolution with plastic slider is 16μm long. These test results shows the possibility to realize the micro zoom camera module with this electrostatic actuator with plastic sliders.
Fluorescence quenching metrology of graphene (2014)

We investigate the application of fluorescence quenching microscopy (FQM) for visual characterization of graphene quality, number of layers and uniformity over its landscape. The method relies on the fact that pristine, modified and multi-layer graphene regions quench fluorescence with different rates. Steady-state and time-resolved emission spectroscopy are used to comparatively characterize the photophysical behavior of pristine graphene relative to unquenched dye on bare substrate. The results demonstrate that with premeditated choice of Fluorescence dye, the interaction between fluorophores and graphene provides valuable tools for identifying the chemical structure and thickness of graphene. Fluorescence quenching metrology can be implemented as the basis for a microscopy based metrology for 2D materials.