gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comments, with reply, on 'Full 360 degrees phase shifting of injection-locked oscillators' by X. Zhang and A. S. Daryoush (1993)

The commenters point out that when two fundamental locking mode injection-locked oscillators are cascaded together, they can easily provide 280 degrees plus phase shift. The total phase shift of the cascade oscillators is related to the overlapping locking region and is due to the phase shift accumulation in each suboscillator. A simple theory to explain the effect of cascading two suboscillators together is proposed, and a simple graphical model is suggested to explain the frequency-detuning-induced phase shift. X. Zhang and A. S. Daryoush, the authors of the above-titled paper (ibid., vol.3, no.1, pp.14-16, Jan. 1993) acknowledge the usefulness of the graphical technique but emphasize that great care must be taken in extending this fundamentally locked suboscillators graphical method to the harmonically related suboscillators presented. They clarify, the differences between the commenters' approach and their own.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Palladium-Catalyzed N-Arylation Reactions with Aziridine and Azetidine (2007)

Studies on the viability of palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of aryl- or hetaryl bromides with the parent aziridine or azetidine showed that a wide range of N-arylaziridines and N-arylazetidines are accessible by this method. Ring cleavage of the N-arylaziridines or -azetidines thus produced does not occur under the applied reaction conditions. The synthetic utility of the method is illustrated by examples of double N-arylations with either aziridine or azetidine.
High-Pressure Trickle-Bed Reactors:  A Review (1997)

A concise review of relevant experimental observations and modeling of high-pressure trickle-bed reactors, based on recent studies, is presented. The following topics are considered: flow regime transitions, pressure drop, liquid holdup, gas−liquid interfacial area and mass-transfer coefficient, catalyst wetting efficiency, catalyst dilution with inert fines, and evaluation of trickle-bed models for liquid-limited and gas-limited reactions. The effects of high-pressure operation, which is of industrial relevance, on the physicochemical and fluid dynamic parameters are discussed. Empirical and theoretical models developed to account for the effect of high pressure on the various parameters and phenomena pertinent to the topics discussed are briefly described.
A Walkie-Talkie-Like Emergency Communication System for Catastrophic Natural Disasters (2009)

When a catastrophic natural disaster strikes, an organized and effective rescue operation is essential to rescue those victims trapped under collapsed buildings or landslides as well as to relief massive survivals who lose their life support. However, communication systems were usually paralyzed by many causes. The loss of communication systems made rescue and relief operations extremely difficult costing many lives unnecessarily. We had proposed a MANET based emergency communication and information system, P2Pnet, which can support a large number of voluntary workers under catastrophic natural disasters. This paper demonstrates the design of a subsystem of P2Pnet, a walkie-talkie-like communication system, which can be used in the early hours or days after a natural disaster strikes. We wish to stimulate the research on the emergency communication systems that is inexpensive and easy to deploy for future catastrophic natural disasters.
In Memoriam: Herman Otto Hartley (1912–1980) (1981)

(1981). In Memoriam: Herman Otto Hartley (1912–1980) The American Statistician: Vol. 35, No. 3, pp. 142-143.
A hierarchical approach for road detection (2014)

Road detection is a crucial problem for autonomous navigation system (ANS) and advance driver-assistance system (ADAS). In this paper, we propose a hierarchical road detection method for robust road detection in challenging scenarios. Given an on-board road image, we first train a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) to obtain road probability density map (RPDM), and next oversegment the image into superpixels. Based on RPDM and superpixels, initial seeds are selected in an unsupervised way, and the seed superpixels iteratively try to occupy their neighbors according to GrowCut framework, the road segment is obtained after convergency. Finally, we refine the road segment with a conditional random field (CRF), which enforces the shape prior on the road segmentation task. Experiments on two challenging databases demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits high robustness compared with the state-of-the-art.
An Efficient Statistical Intra-mode Prediction Method for H.264 (2006)

H.264 is a new codec that achieves roughly half of the bit-savings over MPEG2 and MPEG4 for a given quality. One of the features of H.264 is that allows intra frames to be predicted from previously encoded macroblocks in the same frame. This prediction is currently based on a simple algorithm that utilizes the encoded modes of the adjacent macroblocks. While this method is fast, it is often inaccurate, especially at high bitrates. In this paper a new adaptive statistical method is proposed that increases prediction accuracy by over 100% in certain situations. This improvement in accuracy results in the reduction of bits required for each intra frame
Enhanced low voltage digital &amp; analog mixed-signal with 28nm FDSOI technology (2015)

This paper presents superior CMOS behavior in the field of low voltage and analog thanks to Fully Depleted Silicon On Insulator (FDSOI) used for 28nm technology. Performance and total power are improved by +100% and -200% versus regular bulk solution, respectively. Dispersion at low voltage is discussed evidencing 2x reduction thanks to efficient Forward Body Bias (FBB). Finally, key analog metrics such as gm, output voltage gain and matching factor enhancement are demonstrated.
Payment Aspects of Financial Inclusion (2016)

In recent years, a number of reports have been prepared by organizations on financial inclusion, a topic whose importance is increasingly being recognized. However, few of these reports have addressed what may be called the “payment aspects” of financial inclusion. In cases where the topics of payment systems and payment services have been raised in the context of financial inclusion, discussion has focused only on specific aspects of payments, such as mobile payments, rather than on the payment system in its entirety. Understanding payments in a holistic sense, including how individual elements relate to one other, is crucial to an understanding of financial inclusion and to promoting broader access to and usage of financial services. This report provides an analysis of the payment aspects of financial inclusion, on the basis of which it sets out guiding principles designed to assist countries that seek to advance financial inclusion in theirmarkets through payments.
Preconditioned total field inversion (TFI) method for quantitative susceptibility mapping (2016)

Preconditioned total field inversion improves the accuracy of QSM over the traditional method where background and local fields are separately estimated. Magn Reson Med 78:303-315, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Short‐term reactogenicity and gender effect of anthrax vaccine: analysis of a 1967–1972 study and review of the 1955–2005 medical literature (2007)

Our results for both overall and gender-specific reactogenicity are consistent with other anthrax safety studies. To date, possible implications of these gender differences observed for anthrax and other vaccines are unknown and deserve further study.
Polymerization of polyurethane-polyester interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolymerization of polyurethane-polyester interpenetrating polymer network (IPN)Y. S. Yang and L. James LeeCite this: Macromolecules 1987, 20, 7, 1490–1495Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1987https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00173a008RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views873Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (731 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
On the use of Attribute‐Based Encryption for multimedia content protection over Information‐Centric Networks (2013)

ABSTRACT Video streaming dominates the Internet traffic, a trend that is expected to increase in the next years. End users expect to access video content, regardless of their device, connection type and location. On the other hand, content providers set strict security requirements regarding the protection of their content, making up an overall difficult and challenging context for Over‐the‐Top service providers. A miscellany of proprietary approaches tries to address these issues, providing, however, only partial solutions, and composing a domain, highly fragmented by non‐interoperable products. In this paper, we propose an architecture that utilises Information‐Centric Networking (ICN) in order to provide scalable and efficient video distribution, and Attribute‐Based Encryption (ABE) to securely distribute this content in the ICN environment. ABE is incorporated into Digital Rights Management (DRM) schemes. We present the video license acquisition process, with a focus on orchestrating multiple authorities; subsequently, the video distribution over ICN is demonstrated, and finally, we investigate user revocation techniques in the ABE and ICN context and adopt the most appropriate one. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Production of graphene by liquid-phase exfoliation of intercalated graphite (2023)

Liquid-phase exfoliation of tetraethylammonium graphite intercalation compound (TEA-GIC) has been prepared by high-power tip-sonication of graphite in aqueous TEA solution. The release of gaseous species due to the decomposition of TEA under microwave irradiation led to huge expansion of graphite. The expanded graphite was then exfoliated to produce graphene under mild sonication in organic solvents. Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements indicated that the thus prepared graphene had few defects and little oxidation. In addition, the graphene films exhibited an electrical conductivity of 5000 S m-1 and the production process is easy to scale up and the single-cycle yield reached is as high as 5%.
Updates in Gastrointestinal Oncology – insights from the 2008 44th annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (2009)

We have reviewed the pivotal presentations rcelated to colorectal cancer (CRC) and other gastrointestinal malignancies from 2008 annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). We have discussed the scientific findings and the impact on practice guidelines and ongoing clinical trials. The report on KRAS status in patients with metastatic CRC receiving epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeted antibody treatment has led to a change in National Comprehensive Cancer Network guideline that recommends only patients with wild-type KRAS tumor should receive this treatment. The results of double biologics (bevacizumab and anti-EGFR antibody) plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment in patients with metastatic CRC has shown a worse outcome than bevacizumab-based regimen. Microsatellite Instability has again been confirmed to be an important predictor in patients with stage II colon cancer receiving adjuvant treatment. Adjuvant gemcitabine therapy for pancreatic cancer was investigated by the CONKO-001 study; this resulted in superior survival as compared with observation and can be regarded as an acceptable option, without the addition of radiotherapy. The addition of bevacizumab to gemcitabine and erlotinib was not supior to gemcitabine and erlotinib for advanced disease. Second-line therapy for advanced pancreatic cancer with 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin resulted in a survival benefit. Irinotecan plus cisplatin and paclitaxel plus cisplatin result in similar survival when combined with radiotherapy for esophageal cancer. The novel fluoropyrimidine S1 appears to be active in gastric cancer, as a single agent or as combination therapy. Adjuvant intraperitoneal mitomycin-C may decrease the incidence of peritoneal recurrence of gastric cancer. Sorafenib is an effective agent in Asian patients with hepatocellular carcinoma secondary to hepatitis B; its utility in child's B cirrhosis remains to be proven. Sunitinib is also an active agent in hepatocellular carcinoma, and may represent an alterative to sorafenib for advanced disease. These and other important presentations from the 2008 ASCO annual meeting are discussed in this article.
Image analysis--derived morphometric differences in fine needle aspirates of ductal and lobular breast carcinoma. (1995)

The differentiation of ductal and lobular carcinoma (including lobular carcinoma in situ) of the breast has important prognostic implications; thus, preoperative differentiation of these entities via fine needle aspiration could have a substantial impact on the therapeutic options offered to patients. However, well-defined, reliable light microscopic criteria do not currently exist for their distinction in cytologic preparations, particularly when the differential diagnosis of lobular versus low nuclear grade ductal carcinoma is considered. In this study we utilized a morphometric image analysis system to identify distinct nuclear features useful in the differentiation of these two entities and found that a number of significant differences do exist. Although some features (i.e., nuclear size) may be detected in traditional cytologic preparations, others may not be detected by the human observer, supporting a role for automated morphometric analysis as a useful adjunct in the distinction of lobular and low nuclear grade ductal carcinoma in fine needle aspirates of the breast.
Variation is function: Are single cell differences functionally important? (2015)

There is a growing appreciation of the extent of transcriptome variation across individual cells of the same cell type. While expression variation may be a byproduct of, for example, dynamic or homeostatic processes, here we consider whether single-cell molecular variation per se might be crucial for population-level function. Under this hypothesis, molecular variation indicates a diversity of hidden functional capacities within an ensemble of identical cells, and this functional diversity facilitates collective behavior that would be inaccessible to a homogenous population. In reviewing this topic, we explore possible functions that might be carried by a heterogeneous ensemble of cells; however, this question has proven difficult to test, both because methods to manipulate molecular variation are limited and because it is complicated to define, and measure, population-level function. We consider several possible methods to further pursue the hypothesis that variation is function through the use of comparative analysis and novel experimental techniques.
The effect of a SiO/sub 2/ interface layer on CPW lines and Schottky barrier diodes on HRS substrates (2002)

Aluminium based CPW lines on high resistivity Si (HRS) substrates, and integrated and implanted Schottky barrier diodes have shown bias-dependent leakage current effects. By incorporating a patterned SiO/sub 2/ interface layer between the line conductors and HRS substrate, excellent CPW line performance in terms of leakage current and dissipation loss, and significantly improved Schottky diode isolation can be achieved.
Dynamic rate control based on interference and transmission power in 3GPP WCDMA system (2002)

We propose a dynamic rate control method for throughput enhancement and different QoS support of each user in the 3GPP WCDMA system using the variable spreading factor of the physical channel specification. We focus on the uplink rather than the downlink for the reason that the uplink resource is not used effectively by the multiple access. The transmission rate of each user is controlled according to the user's priority and transmission power. Also, the interference level of the other cell is considered in the case of call admission and increased transmission rate. The performance of the proposed rate control method is compared with other methods by simulation. The simulation results show proposed that the scheme has a high throughput achievement and support proper differentiation according to the user's QoS.
Catalytic asymmetric reaction of lithium ester enolates with imines (1999)

K. Tomioka, M. Ahmed Hussein, T. Kambara, H. Fujieda, S. Hayashi, Y. Nomura, M. Kanai and K. Koga, Chem. Commun., 1999, 715 DOI: 10.1039/A901424A
The application of co-melt-extruded poly(ε-caprolactone) as a controlled release drug delivery device when combined with novel bioactive drug candidates: Membrane permeation and Hanson dissolution studies (2011)

Eight bioactive drug compounds (abamectin, amoxicillin, dexamethasone, dexamethasone valerate, ketoprofen, melatonin, oestradiol 17β, and oestradiol benzoate) were combined via melt extrusion and disc pressing processes with a polycaprolactone (PCL) matrix and were then evaluated and compared via membrane diffusion and Hanson dissolution studies. This investigation was to determine the potential of this matrix to act as a controlled release drug delivery vehicle for a number of drugs not previously combined with PCL in a melt extrusion mix. The inclusion of the progesterone/PCL system, for which the drug release behaviour has been well studied before was intended for comparison with the PCL systems incorporating drugs that have received little research attention in the past. Initial studies centred on an evaluation of the permeation ability of the bioactive drugs dissolved in aqueous cyclodextrin solutions through a poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) membrane using Valia-Chien side-by-side cells. Permeation rates were mostly low and found to range from 0 to 122 μg h(-1) with only ketoprofen, melatonin, and progesterone displaying rates exceeding 20 μg h(-1). Hanson dissolution release profiles in aqueous alcohol were subsequently measured for the 9 melt extruded PCL/drug combinations and led to Hanson release rates of 0-556 μg cm(-2) h(-0.5) with dexamethasone, dexamethasone valerate, ketoprofen, melatonin, and progesterone giving values exceeding 100 μg cm(-2) h(-0.5). A number of drugs such as the dexamethasones probably performed better than they did in the permeability rate measurements because of the less polar aqueous alcoholic solvent used. In searching for useful correlations between the drug physicochemical properties and release rate, only a moderate correlation (R (2)=0.5675) between Hanson dissolution release rate and permeation rate was found. This suggests that the release rate and the permeation are both controlled by the rate of drug diffusion through the PCL with release rate involving an additional dissolution process (of the drug) before permeation occurs accounting for the moderate correlation. In general, of the eight drugs considered, it was clear that the oestradiol-based drugs, abamectin, and amoxicillin were generally not suited to drug delivery via PCL under the conditions used. However, ketoprofen was found to be very suitable as a drug candidate for melt extrusion with PCL with dexamethasone valerate, dexamethasone, and melatonin also showing potential as candidates though to a much lesser extent.
Linear and Angular Head Acceleration Measurements in Collegiate Football (2009)

Each year, between 1.6x10(6) and 3.8x10(6) concussions are sustained by athletes playing sports, with football having the highest incidence. The high number of concussions in football provides a unique opportunity to collect biomechanical data to characterize mild traumatic brain injury. Human head acceleration data for a range of impact severities were collected by instrumenting the helmets of collegiate football players with accelerometers. The helmets of ten Virginia Tech football players were instrumented with measurement devices for every game and practice for the 2007 football season. The measurement devices recorded linear and angular accelerations about each of the three axes of the head. Data for each impact were downloaded wirelessly to a sideline data collection system shortly after each impact occurred. Data were collected for 1712 impacts, creating a large and unbiased data set. While a majority of the impacts were of relatively low severity (<30 g and <2000 rad/s2), 172 impacts were greater than 40 g and 143 impacts were greater than 3000 rad/s2. No instrumented player sustained a clinically diagnosed concussion during the 2007 season. A large and unbiased data set was compiled by instrumenting the helmets of collegiate football players. Football provides a unique opportunity to collect head acceleration data of varying severity from human volunteers. The addition of concurrent concussive data may advance the understanding of the mechanics of mild traumatic brain injury. With an increased understanding of the biomechanics of head impacts in collegiate football and human tolerance to head acceleration, better equipment can be designed to prevent head injuries.
Current-induced spin-orbit torques in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic systems (2019)

The field of spintronics, that is, the use of spin-charge coupling in solid-state devices, is both of fundamental interest and of great promise for practical applications, resistive random access memory being a prime example. Recently the transfer of orbital angular momentum to the spin system in materials with a strong spin-orbit coupling in conjunction with a broken spatial inversion symmetry has emerged as a particularly promising further development of this idea. This review discusses the theoretical and experimental aspects of such spin-orbit torques induced by electrical currents.
State of Intermetallics Development (1996)

Abstract A brief overview is given on the state of development of intermetallic alloys for high‐temperature applications with discussion of problems and prospects. In particular alloys on the basis of the titanium aluminides Ti 3 Al and TiAl, the nickel aluminides Ni 3 Al and NiAl, the iron aluminides Fe 3 Al and FeAl, chromides and silicides are regarded.
A new passive colorimetric air monitoring badge system for ammonia, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide (1981)

A new passive colorimetric air monitoring badge system has been developed to determine the time-weighted average (TWA) concentration of specific inorganic vapor contaminants in air. The system consists of a small passive badge which either can be worn by employees for personal monitoring or used as an area monitor and a portable colorimetric readout instrument which determines the exposure dose in ppm-hours. To date, systems have been developed for ammonia, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide, and they will meet or exceed both NIOSH and OSH A accuracy requirements. The overall performance of these systems, based on laboratory tests designed to show overall accuracy, linearity, and environmental effects, is described. Field test results are also presented.