gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kruppel-Like Factor 10 (KLF10)-Deficient Mice Have Marked Defects In EPC Differentiation, Function, and Angiogenesis (2010)

Abstract Abstract 4314 Background: Emerging evidence demonstrates that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may originate from the bone marrow and are capable of being recruited to sites of ischemic injury and contribute to neovascularization. However, the identities of these bone marrow cells and the signaling pathways that regulate their differentiation into functional EPCs remain poorly understood. Methods and Results: We previously identified that among hematopoietic progenitor stem cells, common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) and granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (GMPs) can preferentially differentiate into EPCs and possess high angiogenic activity under ischemic conditions compared to megakaryocyte-erythrocyte progenitors (MEPs), hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs). Herein, we identify that a TGF-β1-responsive Kruppel-like Factor, KLF10, is robustly expressed in EPCs derived from CMPs and GMPs, compared to progenitors lacking EPC markers. KLF10–/– mice have marked defects in circulating EPCs (–23.6% vs. WT, P&lt;0.004). In addition, EPC differentiation and TGF-β induced KDR responsiveness is markedly impaired (CMPs: WT 22.3% vs. KO 8.64%, P&lt;0.0001; GMPs: WT 32.8% vs. KO 8.97%, P&lt;0.00001). Functionally, KLF10–/– EPCs derived from CMPs and GMPs adhered less to fibronectin-coated plates (CMPs: WT 285 vs. KO 144.25, P&lt; 0.0004; GMPs: WT 275.25 vs. KO 108.75, P &lt;0.0003) and had decreased rates of migration in transwell Boyden chambers (CMPs: WT 692 vs. KO 298.66, P&lt;0.00004; GMPs: WT 635.66 vs. KO 263.66, P&lt;0.00001). KLF10–/– mice displayed impaired blood flow recovery after hindlimb ischemia (day 14, WT 0.827 vs. KO 0.640, P &lt;0.009), an effect completely rescued by WT EPCs, but not KLF10–/– EPCs. Matrigel plug implantation studies demonstrated impaired angiogenesis in KLF10–/– mice compared to WT mice (WT 158 vs. KO 39.83, P&lt;0.00000004). Overexpression studies revealed that KLF10 rescued EPC formation from TGF-β1+/– CMPs and GMPs. Mechanistically, TGF-β1 and KLF10 target the VEGFR2 promoter in EPCs which may underlie these effects. Background: Collectively, these observations identify that TGF-β1 signaling and KLF10 are part of a key signaling pathway that regulates EPC differentiation from CMPs and GMPs and may provide a therapeutic target during cardiovascular ischemic states. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Multivariable predictive control of voltage source converter HVDC transmission systems (2010)

This paper contains a model predictive control (MPC) approach for high voltage direct current (HVDC) lines, where in particular the voltage source converter (VSC) HVDC configuration is investigated. The target is to develop a control method which, given the requested power and alternating/direct voltage references, yields an appropriate set of voltage references to be fed to the modulation scheme of the VSC. Since the chosen control approach directly encompasses the multivariable nature of the problem, no phase locked loop (PLL) is required for dq frame alignment, increasing performance and facilitating tuning in the case of weak grids. The considered system is described, the derived control procedure is illustrated and numerical simulations are presented showing the performance of the proposed approach.
Quantum State Transfer Between Matter and Light (2004)

We report on the coherent quantum state transfer from a two-level atomic system to a single photon. Entanglement between a single photon (signal) and a two-component ensemble of cold rubidium atoms is used to project the quantum memory element (the atomic ensemble) onto any desired state by measuring the signal in a suitable basis. The atomic qubit is read out by stimulating directional emission of a single photon (idler) from the (entangled) collective state of the ensemble. Faithful atomic memory preparation and readout are verified by the observed correlations between the signal and the idler photons. These results enable implementation of distributed quantum networking.
Fast electro-optical effect in polymer-stabilized blue phases (2004)

Key challenges in achieving higher-quality liquid crystal displays for future generations are developing new liquid crystal materials with faster electro-optical response and simplifying the fabrication process of devices. Blue phases<sup>1-4</sup>, kinds of liquid crystal phases, have two major advantages over commonly used nematic phases. First, the response is much faster<sup>5-8</sup>. Second, the zero-electric field state is optically isotropic unlike nematic phases, that is, no surface treatment (no rubbing) is necessary, leading to a simplification of the fabrication process. One of the problems of blue phases that the available temperature range is very narrow has been overcome by our recent achievement, the polymer-stabilized blue phases<sup>9,10</sup>. Here we show that the polymer-stabilized blue phases surmount another problem that the blue phase is very fragile to an electric field. We also demonstrate the sufficiently large electric field-induced birefringence and the micro-second response of the polymer-stabilized blue phases without any surface treatment.
Noninvasive Intracranial Pressure Assessment Based on a Data-Mining Approach Using a Nonlinear Mapping Function (2010)

The current gold standard to determine intracranial pressure (ICP) involves an invasive procedure for direct access to the intracranial compartment. The risks associated with this invasive procedure include intracerebral hemorrhage, infection, and discomfort. We previously proposed an innovative data-mining framework of noninvasive ICP (NICP) assessment. The performance of the proposed framework relies on designing a good mapping function. We attempt to achieve performance gain by adopting various linear and nonlinear mapping functions. Our results demonstrate that a nonlinear mapping function based on the kernel spectral regression technique significantly improves the performance of the proposed data-mining framework for NICP assessment in comparison to other linear mapping functions.
Visualizations of Collaborative Information for End-Users (1999)

There is a growing need for methods and tools to illuminate the social contexts of interaction environments created by the World Wide Web, Usenet newsgroups, email lists, and other network interaction media. We present here a framework for creating visualizations of the social connections created in and through network interaction media. Using graph-drawing methods, visualizations can be created for a range of systems that link people to people and people to objects through networks. As an example, we present an application of our methods to the Usenet to illustrate how visualization can improve existing systems. We propose that users of network interaction media can benefit from visualizations that illuminate the interaction context generated by the rich interconnections between groups, conversations, and people in these media. KEYWORDS Information visualization, interaction context, collaborative
Structurally decoupled micromachined gyroscopes with post-release capacitance enhancement (2005)

This paper reports a novel micromachined gyroscope design that provides enhanced decoupling of the drive and sense modes, and increased actuation and detection capacitances beyond the fabrication process limitations. The decoupling mechanism minimizes the effects of fabrication imperfections and the resulting anisoelasticities, by utilizing independent folded flexures and constrained moving electrodes in the drive and sense modes. The post-release capacitance enhancement concept aims to increase the drive and sense capacitances beyond the minimum gap requirement of the micromachining process. The approach is based on designing the stationary components of the electrodes attached to a moving stage that permanently locks into the desired position before the operation of the device, to minimize the electrode gap with a simple assembly step. Bulk-micromachined prototype gyroscopes have been fabricated, and the experimental results have successfully demonstrated the feasibility of the design. It is experimentally shown that over an order of magnitude of capacitance, increase is achieved in the same foot print of the device, without additional fabrication steps. A noise floor of was demonstrated at 50 Hz bandwidth in atmospheric pressure.
On Applying Network Coding in Network Assisted Device-to-Device Communications (2014)

Device-to-device (D2D) communication has been shown to increase the spectrum and energy efficiency of local communication sessions in cellular networks. On the other hand, physical layer network coding (NWC) at a cellular base station - which can be employed without D2D functionality - can also improve the efficiency of a cellular network that carries local traffic. In this paper we study the joint application of D2D and NWC technologies with the purpose of further improving the performance of cellular networks that employ either D2D or NWC alone. We find that the joint D2D and NWC scheme yields additional gains, provided that the network exercises proper mode selection (MS) and resource allocation. Specifically, a cellular network that supports both D2D and NWC can achieve higher spectral and energy efficiency than a network that employs only one of these schemes.
Genetic variation in IBD: progress, clues to pathogenesis and possible clinical utility (2016)

Epidemiological and clinical studies have suggested that the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is strongly influenced by genetic predisposition. Beyond the limitations of linkage analysis, multiple genome-wide association studies, their meta-analyses, and targeted genotyping array techniques have broadened our understanding of the genetic architecture of IBD. Currently, over 200 single nucleotide polymorphisms are known to be associated with susceptibility to IBD and through functional analysis of genes and loci, a substantial proportion of pathophysiologic mechanisms have been revealed. However, because only a modest fraction of predicted heritability can be explained by known genes/loci, additional strategies are needed including the identification of rare variants with large effect sizes to help explain the missing heritability. Considerable progress is also being made on applying outcomes of genetic research in diagnostics, classification, prognostics, and the development of new therapeutics of IBD.
Control of diabetic hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance through TSC22D4 (2016)

Obesity-related insulin resistance represents the core component of the metabolic syndrome, promoting glucose intolerance, pancreatic beta cell failure and type 2 diabetes. Efficient and safe insulin sensitization and glucose control remain critical therapeutic aims to prevent diabetic late complications Here, we identify transforming growth factor beta-like stimulated clone (TSC) 22 D4 as a molecular determinant of insulin signalling and glucose handling. Hepatic TSC22D4 inhibition both prevents and reverses hyperglycaemia, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in diabetes mouse models. TSC22D4 exerts its effects on systemic glucose homeostasis-at least in part-through the direct transcriptional regulation of the small secretory protein lipocalin 13 (LCN13). Human diabetic patients display elevated hepatic TSC22D4 expression, which correlates with decreased insulin sensitivity, hyperglycaemia and LCN13 serum levels. Our results establish TSC22D4 as a checkpoint in systemic glucose metabolism in both mice and humans, and propose TSC22D4 inhibition as an insulin sensitizing option in diabetes therapy.
A Functional Polymorphism in the Promoter Region of the Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein (MTP −493G/T) Influences Lipoprotein Phenotype in Familial Hypercholesterolemia (2000)

The microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) has a key function in intracellular apolipoprotein (apo) B lipidation and secretion of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). A recently discovered functional polymorphism in the promoter of the MTP gene (-493G/T) affects the plasma concentration of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and the VLDL distribution between large and small particle species in healthy men. This phenotype is likely to be explained by an effect on VLDL synthesis. Against this background, we studied the effect of the MTP-493G/T polymorphism in a large cohort (217 men and 211 women) with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). A 40% to 50% lower serum triglyceride level was observed in homozygous carriers of the MTP-493 T allele (T/T, 0.93+/-0.34; G/T, 1.54+/-1.40; and G/G, 1.56+/-1.24 mmol/L; T/T vs G/T P=0.04, T/T vs G/G P=0.02). In contrast to the situation in healthy subjects, the MTP promoter polymorphism did not have a significant effect on the LDL cholesterol levels in FH subjects, although the same trend was observed (T/T, 7.31+/-1.87; G/T, 7. 80+/-2.12; and G/G, 7.91+/-2.31 mmol/L, NS). Adjustment for the apo E gene polymorphism by inclusion of subjects homozygous for the apo E3 allele only revealed a reciprocal high density lipoprotein cholesterol-elevating effect (T/T, 1.41+/-0.73; G/T, 1.18+/-0.27; and G/G, 1.16+/-0.29 mmol/L; T/T vs G/T P=0.06, T/T vs G/G P=0.04). This effect seemed to be sex-specific because it was accounted for by the female patients. In conclusion, the LDL cholesterol-lowering effect of the rare MTP gene promoter variant (MTP-493T) present in healthy subjects is shifted to a triglyceride-lowering effect in FH. These data suggest that the MTP gene has a role in modulating the clinical phenotype of FH.
Berichtigung: Targeted Fluorination with the Fluoride Ion by Manganese‐Catalyzed Decarboxylation (2015)

Die Strukturen der Verbindungen 12 und 21 sind in den Hintergrundinformationen (Abbildung S4l und Abbildung S4u) bei der Beschreibung ihrer spektroskopischen Charakterisierung richtig wiedergegeben. Schema 2 dieser Zuschrift zeigt hingegen fehlerhafte Strukturformeln. Die korrekten Einträge für Schema 2 sind hier abgebildet.1
Speaker independent isolated digit recognition using hidden Markov models (1982)

A method for speaker independent isolated digit recognition based on modeling entire words as discrete probabilistic functions of a Markov process is described. Training is a three-part process comprising conventional methods of linear prediction analysis and vector quantization of the LPCs followed by an algorithm [L. E. Baum, Inequalities 3, 1–8 (1972)] for estimating the parameters of a hidden Markov process. Recognition utilizes linear prediction and vector quantization steps prior to maximum likelihood classification based on the Viterbi algorithm [A. J. Viterbi, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theo. IT-13, 260–269 (1967)]. After training based on a 1000-token set, recognition experiments were conducted on a separate 1000-token test set obtained from 100 new talkers. In this test a 3.5% error rate was observed which is comparable to that measured in an identical test of an LPC/DTW system [L. R. Rabiner et al., IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process. ASSP-37, 336–349 (1979)]. The computational demand for recognition under the new system is reduced by a factor of approximately ten in both time and memory compared to that of the LPC/DTW system. Issues of selection of model structures, averaging techniques to obtain model stability, and methods of compensating for finite training set size are also discussed.
Adding Heart Rate Signal to a Control-to-Range Artificial Pancreas System Improves the Protection Against Hypoglycemia During Exercise in Type 1 Diabetes (2014)

HR-informed closed-loop control can be implemented in a portable artificial pancreas. Although closed loop has been shown to reduce hypoglycemia, adding HR signal may further limit the risk for hypoglycemia during and immediately after exercise. The most prominent effect of adding HR information is reduced BG decline during exercise, without deterioration of overall glycemic control.
Synthesis of Diverse Asparagine Linked Oligosaccharides and Synthesis of Sialylglycopeptide on Solid Phase (2005)

Oligosaccharides are linked to the protein surface and play roles in a number of biological events. Therefore, much attention is being paid to research to investigate the function of the oligosaccharides. In order to investigate the function of oligosaccharides, many synthetic approaches have been examined by synthesizing O-linked or N-linked glycopeptides. Synthesis of O-linked type oligosaccharides is relatively feasible compared to that of N-linked oligosaccharides, because the number of sugar components in the former oligosaccharides is small. In the biosynthesis of oligosaccharides, only N-linked oligosaccharide is reconstructed from the high mannose-type to the hybrid and complex types at the Golgi apparatus. This scientific question, namely, why only N-glycan should change its structure, has been paid much attention and convenient synthesis for both N-glycan and glycopeptide having N-glycans has been examined in order to study the role of N-glycan. In this review, we would introduce recent synthetic developments focusing on the synthesis of N-linked glycopeptides and its analogues.
Development of Pilot Plant for Novel Geopolymer Brick Making Machine (2013)

With rapid growing country’s development and rose in construction activity, rising demand of building materials and increased construction wastes have encouraged the development of new building materials. Geopolymer based construction materials such as concrete, aggregate, brick and so on are getting good response by the public especially those in the construction and development industries nowadays. Geopolymer bricks making process consume less energy and low cost in term of raw materials and production compared to conventional bricks. It become a nessesity nowadays to provide a machine that produced construction material based on geopolymer that are compatible with geopolymer process that can improved productivity and promote geopoymer construction material to repace convertional construction material. This paper presents the main component, specification and controlling system of the geopolymer brick making machine. This paper also describes the basic operation of the brick produced by using novel geopolymer brick making machine. The capacity production is adequate which has mixing tank capacity of 40 kg per batch with high compaction pressure which is 40 tonne and low curing temperature needed (less than 100 °C) that can produce high quality and environmental friendly brick. The size of the brick produced is 9” x 4” x 2.5” accordance with the standard size based on British Standard BS 3921: 1985.
Iron‐Catalyzed Selective Biaryl Coupling: Remarkable Suppression of Homocoupling by the Fluoride Anion. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Application of Phosphor Thermometry to a Galvanneal Temperature Measurement System (1999)

The Galvanneal Temperature Measurement System (GTMS) was developed for the American Iron and Steel Institute by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory through a partnership with the National Steel Midwest Division in Portage, Indiana. The GTMS provides crucial on-line thermal process control information during the manufacturing of galvanneal steel. The system has been used with the induction furnaces to measure temperatures ranging from 840 to 1292 F with an accuracy of better than {+-}9 F. The GTMS provides accurate, reliable temperature information thus ensuring a high quality product, reducing waste, and saving energy. The production of uniform, high-quality galvanneal steel is only possible through strict temperature control.
MSO spent salt clean-up recovery process (1997)

An effective process has been developed to separate metals, mineral residues, and radionuclides from spent salt, a secondary waste generated by Molten Salt Oxidation (MSO). This process includes salt dissolution, pH adjustment, chemical reduction and/or sulfiding, filtration, ion exchange, and drying. The process uses dithionite to reduce soluble chromate and/or sulfiding agent to suppress solubilities of metal compounds in water. This process is capable of reducing the secondary waste to less than 5% of its original weight. It is a low temperature, aqueous process and has been demonstrated in the laboratory [1].
Decarboxylation Study of Acidic Cannabinoids: A Novel Approach Using Ultra-High-Performance Supercritical Fluid Chromatography/Photodiode Array-Mass Spectrometry (2016)

<b>Introduction:</b> Decarboxylation is an important step for efficient production of the major active components in cannabis, for example, Δ<sup>9</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC), cannabidiol (CBD), and cannabigerol (CBG). These cannabinoids do not occur in significant concentrations in cannabis but can be formed by decarboxylation of their corresponding acids, the predominant cannabinoids in the plant. Study of the kinetics of decarboxylation is of importance for phytocannabinoid isolation and dosage formulation for medical use. Efficient analytical methods are essential for simultaneous detection of both neutral and acidic cannabinoids. <b>Methods:</b><i>C. sativa</i> extracts were used for the studies. Decarboxylation conditions were examined at 80°C, 95°C, 110°C, 130°C, and 145°C for different times up to 60 min in a vacuum oven. An ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography/photodiode array-mass spectrometry (UHPSFC/PDA-MS) method was used for the analysis of acidic and neutral cannabinoids before and after decarboxylation. <b>Results:</b> Decarboxylation at different temperatures displayed an exponential relationship between concentration and time indicating a first-order or <i>pseudo</i>-first-order reaction. The rate constants for Δ<sup>9</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid-A (THCA-A) were twice those of the cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) and cannabigerolic acid (CBGA). Decarboxylation of THCA-A was forthright with no side reactions or by-products. Decarboxylation of CBDA and CBGA was not as straightforward due to the unexplained loss of reactants or products. <b>Conclusion:</b> The reported UHPSFC/PDA-MS method provided consistent and sensitive analysis of phytocannabinoids and their decarboxylation products and degradants. The rate of change of acidic cannabinoid concentrations over time allowed for determination of rate constants. Variations of rate constants with temperature yielded values for reaction energy.
Chiral Tunneling of Topological States: Towards the Efficient Generation of Spin Current Using Spin-Momentum Locking (2015)

We show that the interplay between chiral tunneling and spin-momentum locking of helical surface states leads to spin amplification and filtering in a 3D topological insulator (TI). Our calculations show that the chiral tunneling across a TI pn junction allows normally incident electrons to transmit, while the rest are reflected with their spins flipped due to spin-momentum locking. The net result is that the spin current is enhanced while the dissipative charge current is simultaneously suppressed, leading to an extremely large, gate-tunable spin-to-charge current ratio (∼20) at the reflected end. At the transmitted end, the ratio stays close to 1 and the electrons are completely spin polarized.
Single Crystals for Optical Isolator (2012)

Currently, Tb3Ga5O12(TGG)single crystal is used as Faraday rotator in the laser machinery the wavelength of which is <1100 nm. However, TGG has problems of not enough Faraday rotation angle, difficult crystal growth, very high price, and so on. In order to overcome these problems, we focused on Tb3(Sc,Lu)2Al3O12(TSLAG) single crystal and grew and characterized TSLAG crystals. In this paper, we report that TSLAG can be grown easily and has higher transparency, larger Faraday rotation angle, and extinction ratio, which are very important properties for Faraday rotator.