gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantification of <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> Insect Control Protein as Expressed in Transgenic Plants (1990)

Quantitative assays were developed to analyze gene products produced by transgenic plants that express Bacillus thuringiensis insect control proteins. Initially B. thuringiensis proteins were produced in plants at approximately 10,000 fold lower specific activities than the same proteins produced by microbial fermentations. Consequently, accurate and selective assays were developed to quantitate B. thuringiensis specific DNA (gene copy), mRNA and protein produced by insect tolerant transgenic plants. The 100 fold increase in B. thuringiensis protein expression achieved in plants, based on these analysis, enabled the production of transgenic plants that are protected against agronomically important insect pests.
Conversion between magnetic energy and mechanical energy. [Patent application] (1981)

A method of converting magnetic energy to mechanical energy comprising subjecting a material of the formula R sub x T sub 1-x where in R is a rare earth or mixtures thereof, T is Fe, Ni, Co, Mn, or mixtures thereof, and 0 < x < 1, to a change in magnetic field and of converting mechanical energy to magnetic energy comprising subjecting a material of the formula R sub x T sub 1-x to a change in pressure.
Low-noise CCD signal recovery (1985)

A new circuit is described for the suppression of 1/f amplifier noise and floating diffusion reset noise in CCD imagers. Results are equivalent to correlated double sampling but only a single clock pulse is required. Noise measurements for the RCA SID504, 403 × 512 imager are presented.
High‐Performance Pentacene‐Based Field‐Effect Transistor Memory Using the Electrets of Polymer Blends (2022)

Abstract Organic field‐effect transistor (OFET) memory based on pentacene has attracted a lot of attentions due to its promising prospect of application in flexible electronics, while the high programming/erasing (P/E) gate voltages due to the existence of hole barrier at pentacene/polymer interface leaves great challenges for its commercial applications. A high‐performance pentacene‐based OFET nonvolatile memory (ONVM) with polymer blends is reported here as the charge‐trapping layer containing poly(2‐vinyl naphthalene) (PVN) and poly{[ N , N '‐bis(2‐octyldodecyl)naphthalene‐1,4,5,8‐bis(dicarboximide)‐2,6‐diyl]‐alt‐5,5'‐(2,2'‐bithiophene)} (N2200). The presence of N2200, an n‐type semiconductor, in blends significantly improves the memory performance of pentacene‐based memory devices based on the static‐electric effect. The electrons in N2200 are aggregated near the pentacene/polymer interface due to the electric attraction from the positively charged defects in pentacene. Furthermore, those electrons reduce the height of hole barrier and produce local easy‐transportation paths for holes between pentacene and PVN, which enables the electret‐based ONVM device with low P/E voltages, fast P/E speeds, large mobility and stable multilevel data‐storage ability in ambient air.
Dealing with Noise in Multiframe Structure from Motion (1999)

The problem of structure from motion (SFM) is to obtain a 3D model of a scene using multiple images taken from different camera locations. Traditional SFM algorithms using just two images often produce inaccurate 3D reconstructions, mainly due to incorrect estimation of the camera's motion. More recent algorithms have used multiple (>2) image sequences. This paper describes a new incremental algorithm for reconstructing structure from multi-image sequences which estimates and corrects for the error in computing the camera motion. Experimental results of the algorithm are reported on one synthetic and three real image sequences. Unlike many previous incremental algorithms, the new algorithm in principle is capable of reconstructing a 3D model of the scene to arbitrary accuracy given a sufficient number of images. It is demonstrated experimentally that the algorithm gives superior results compared to others which do not correct for the error in recovering motion.
Additional L-carnitine in the gestating sow diet improves carcass characteristics of the offspring (1999)

A total of 232 sows was used to determine the effects of an additional 50 ppm of L-carnitine in the gestation diet on sow and offspring performance. No differences were observed in either the immediate or subsequent number of pigs born or born alive per litter (P>.l 0). No differences were observed in pig weight at birth, weaning, or d 60 of age. Muscle fiber analysis of newborn pigs indicated a tendency for a larger cross-sectional area of the semitendinosus muscle; increased primary (slow-twitch, red) fibers; and a higher ratio of primary to secondary fibers (fast-twitch, white). No differences were observed in the hot carcass weight, but loin depth and percentage lean were increased in offspring ofsows fed L-carnitine during gestation. Therefore, although feeding L-carnitine during gestation had no effect on the number of pigs born, it improved carcass leanness of the offspring consistent with changes in muscle fiber characteristics. More research is needed to determine the optimum level of L-carnitine to use in the gestation diet.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 18, 1999
Reconstruction of resistivity structure from 2‐D inversions of resistivity logging data using equality and inequality constraints (1999)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1999Reconstruction of resistivity structure from 2‐D inversions of resistivity logging data using equality and inequality constraintsAuthors: Zhiyi I. ZhangMichael A. JervisRaghu K. ChunduruAlberto G. MezzatestaZhiyi I. ZhangBaker Atlas Logging Services, Houston, TX 77042, Michael A. JervisBaker Atlas Logging Services, Houston, TX 77042, Raghu K. ChunduruBaker Atlas Logging Services, Houston, TX 77042, and Alberto G. MezzatestaBaker Atlas Logging Services, Houston, TX 77042https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820745 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820745FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByFast 2D inversion of large borehole EM induction data sets with an efficient Fréchet-derivative approximationGong Li Wang, Carlos Torres-Verdín, Jesús M. Salazar, and Benjamin Voss31 December 2008 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 74, No. 1Real time quasi–2-D inversion of array resistivity logging data using neural networkZhiyi Zhang and Zhiqiang Zhou25 March 2002 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 67, No. 2Smooth inversion of induction logs for conductivity models with mud filtrate invasionCatherine D. de Groot—Hedlin7 February 2012 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 65, No. 5 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1999ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1999 Pages: 2061 publication data© 1999 Copyright © 1999 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 04 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Zhiyi I. Zhang, Michael A. Jervis, Raghu K. Chunduru, and Alberto G. Mezzatesta, (1999), "Reconstruction of resistivity structure from 2‐D inversions of resistivity logging data using equality and inequality constraints," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 128-131. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820745 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Wave augmented diffusers for centrifugal compressors (1998)

A conceptual device is introduced which would utilize unsteady wave motion to slow and turn flows in the diffuser section of a centrifugal compressor. The envisioned device would substantially reduce the size of conventional centrifugal diffusers by eliminating the relatively large ninety degree bend needed to turn the flow from the radial/tangential to the axial direction. The bend would be replaced by a wall and the flow would instead exit through a series of rotating ports located on a disk, adjacent to the diffuser hub, and fixed to the impeller shaft. The ports would generate both expansion and compression waves which would rapidly transition from the hub/shroud (axial) direction to the radial/tangential direction. The waves would in turn induce radial/tangential and axial flow. This paper presents a detailed description of the device. Simplified cycle analysis and performance results are presented which were obtained using a time accurate, quasi-one-dimensional CFD code with models for turning, port flow conditions, and losses due to wall shear stress. The results indicate that a periodic wave system can be established which yields diffuser performance comparable to a conventional diffuser. Discussion concerning feasibility, accuracy, and integration follow.
Biomimetics of Plant Structure in Textile Fabrics for the Improvement of Water Transport Properties (2009)

Plants have extremely efficient water transport systems. The emulation of plant structure in textile fabrics has the potential of developing fabrics with superb liquid water transport properties. Here, we report on some novel weave structures, which emulate the branching structure of the plants and create a continuous water transport pass (just as the `xylem conduit' in the plants) from the bottom layer to the top layer by interchanging the yarns for the bottom layer and the yarns for the top layer. Experimental investigations showed that fabrics with this new structure had clearly faster liquid water transport and better moisture management property. Fabrics constructed in such weaves and made from different types of fibers and yarns exhibited excellent initial water absorption and moisture management properties as measured on the recently developed Transplanar Water Transport Tester and Moisture Management Tester.
A watermarking scheme for digital cinema (2002)

In this paper a video watermarking scheme is presented, that is designed for the future digital cinema format, as it will be used on large projector screens in theatres. The watermark is designed such that it has minimal impact on the video quality, but still is detectable after capture with a handheld camera and conversion to, for instance, VHS, CD-Video or DVD format. In order to achieve the severe requirements, concerning visibility and robustness, the proposed watermarking system only exploits the temporal axis. A watermark is inserted by changing the mean of the luminance values of a frame according to the samples of the watermark. Watermark detection is performed by correlating the watermark sequence with extracted mean luminance values of a sequence of frames. A demonstrator, implementing the proposed algorithm, has been built which shows the aforementioned requirements can be met with the proposed scheme.
Mo/Si and Mo/Be multilayer thin films on Zerodur substrates for extreme-ultraviolet lithography (2000)

Multilayer-coated Zerodur optics are expected to play a pivotal role in an extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) lithography tool. Zerodur is a multiphase, multicomponent material that is a much more complicated substrate than commonly used single-crystal Si or fused-silica substrates. We investigate the effect of Zerodur substrates on the performance of high-EUV reflectance Mo/Si and Mo/Be multilayer thin films. For Mo/Si the EUV reflectance had a nearly linear dependence on substrate roughness for roughness values of 0.06-0.36 nm rms, and the FWHM of the reflectance curves (spectral bandwidth) was essentially constant over this range. For Mo/Be the EUV reflectance was observed to decrease more steeply than Mo/Si for roughness values greater than approximately 0.2-0.3 nm. Little difference was observed in the EUV reflectivity of multilayer thin films deposited on different substrates as long as the substrate roughness values were similar.
Low-Power CMOS-Driven Transmitters and Receivers (2010)

Multimode optical transmitters and receivers are demonstrated with record low power consumptions and at data rates up to 20 Gb/s using 90-nm CMOS analog integrated circuits and GaAs-based VCSELs and photodiodes.
Fire-Through Ag Contact Formation for Crystalline Si Solar Cells Using Single-Step Inkjet Printing (2012)

Inkjet-printed Ag metallization is a promising method of forming front-side contacts on Si solar cells due to its non-contact printing nature and fine grid resolution. However, conventional Ag inks are unable to punch through the SiN(x) anti-reflection coating (ARC) layer on emitter Si surfaces. In this study, a novel formulation of Ag ink is examined for the formation of fire-through contacts on a SiN(x)-coated Si substrate using the single-step printing of Ag ink, followed by rapid thermal annealing at 800 degrees C. In order to formulate Ag inks with fire-through contact formation capabilities, a liquid etching agent was first formulated by dissolving metal nitrates in an organic solvent and then mixing the resulting solution with a commercial Ag nanoparticle ink at various volume ratios. During the firing process, the dissolved metal nitrates decomposed into metal oxides and acted in a similar manner to the glass frit contained in Ag pastes for screen-printed Ag metallization. The newly formulated ink with a 1 wt% loading ratio of metal oxides to Ag formed finely distributed Ag crystallites on the Si substrate after firing at 800 degrees C for 1 min.
Enhancement of <scp>l</scp>-arginine production by increasing ammonium uptake in an AmtR-deficient <i>Corynebacterium crenatum</i> mutant (2019)

L-Arginine is an important amino acid with extensive application in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The efficiency of nitrogen uptake and assimilation by organisms is extremely important for L-arginine production. In this study, a strain engineering strategy focusing on upregulate intracellular nitrogen metabolism in Corynebacterium crenatum for L-arginine production was conducted. Firstly, the nitrogen metabolism global transcriptional regulator AmtR was deleted, which has demonstrated the beneficial effect on L-arginine production. Subsequently, this strain was engineered by overexpressing the ammonium transporter AmtB to increase the uptake of NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> and L-arginine production. To overcome the drawbacks of using a plasmid to express amtB, P<sub>tac</sub>, a strong promoter with amtB gene fragment, was integrated into the amtR region on the chromosome in the Corynebacterium crenatum/ΔamtR. The final strain results in L-arginine production at a titer of 60.9 g/L, which was 35.14% higher than that produced by C. crenatum SYPA5-5.
Polarization multiplexing with solitons (1992)

It is shown both analytically and with numerical simulation, and confirmed experimentally in transmission over distances up to approximately 10000 km, that solitons maintain a high degree of polarization over an ultra-long distance transmission system consisting of birefringent dispersion-shifted fiber segments and erbium amplifiers. Based on that fact, the authors propose a polarization/time division multiplexing technique which should allow the single-wavelength bit-rate capacity of an ultra-long distance soliton transmission system to be doubled with little or no significant increase in bit error rate.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A nano-scale reconfigurable mesh with spin waves (2006)

In this paper, we present a nano-scale reconfigurable mesh that is interconnected with ferromagnetic spin-wave buses. The architecture described here, while requiring the same number of switches and buses as the standard reconfigurable meshes, is capable of simultaneously transmitting N waves on each of the spin-wave buses. Because of this highly parallel feature, very fast and fault-tolerant algorithms can be designed. Furthermore, unlike the traditional spin-based nano structures, which transmit charge, here waves are transmitted. As a result of this, the power consumption of the proposed modules may be low. And using phase logic, simple operations such as AND/OR/NOT can be performed efficiently on the transmitted waves.
Temporal Synchronization in Video Watermarking (2004)

One of the challenges for blind watermark detection is synchronization. Synchronization is the process of identifying the coordinates of an embedded watermark and is crucial in successful watermark detection. If the detector's input is watermarked but synchronization fails, then the embedded watermark will not be detected. In this paper, temporal synchronization for blind video watermark detection is examined by developing new models for watermark embedding and detection. The structure of the watermark, and specifically its key schedule, dramatically affects the ease of synchronization. The new embedder models the construction of the watermark by using a state machine key generator. The key generator can produce time-invariant, time-independent, and time-periodic key schedules as special cases. The watermark detector uses a queue and a state predictor to perform a search to establish and maintain temporal synchronization. These models are general and can be applied to many symmetric blind video watermarking techniques. It is shown that a watermark without temporal redundancy in its key schedule is vulnerable to attacks such as frame dropping and transposition. Using the models, a watermark more resilient against temporal synchronization attacks is designed by adding temporal redundancy in the watermark construction. Experimental results from an implementation of the models are presented.
Receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 (RIPK2) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) cell signaling inhibitors based on a 3,5-diphenyl-2-aminopyridine scaffold (2020)

Receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 (RIPK2) is a key mediator of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) cell signaling that has been implicated in various chronic inflammatory conditions. A new class of RIPK2 kinase/NOD signaling inhibitors based on a 3,5-diphenyl-2-aminopyridine scaffold was developed. Several co-crystal structures of RIPK2•inhibitor complexes were analyzed to provide insights into inhibitor selectivity versus the structurally related activin receptor-like kinase 2 (ALK2) demonstrating that the inhibitor sits deeper in the hydrophobic binding pocket of RIPK2 perturbing the orientation of the DFG motif. In addition, the structure-activity relationship study revealed that in addition to anchoring to the hinge and DFG via the 2-aminopyridine and 3-phenylsulfonamide, respectively, appropriate occupancy of the region between the gatekeeper and the αC-helix provided by substituents in the 4- and 5-positions of the 3-phenylsulfonamide were necessary to achieve potent NOD cell signaling inhibition. For example, compound 18t (e.g. CSLP37) displayed potent biochemical RIPK2 kinase inhibition (IC<sub>50</sub> = 16 ± 5 nM), >20-fold selectivity versus ALK2 and potent NOD cell signaling inhibition (IC<sub>50</sub> = 26 ± 4 nM) in the HEKBlue assay. Finally, in vitro ADME and pharmacokinetic characterization of 18t further supports the prospects of the 3,5-diphenyl-2-aminopyridine scaffold for the generation of in vivo pharmacology probes of RIPK2 kinase and NOD cell signaling functions.
Inhibition of Capacitation-Associated Tyrosine Phosphorylation Signaling in Rat Sperm by Epididymal Protein Crisp-11 (2003)

Ejaculated sperm are unable to fertilize an egg until they undergo capacitation. Capacitation results in the acquisition of hyperactivated motility, changes in the properties of the plasma membrane, including changes in proteins and glycoproteins, and acquisition of the ability to undergo the acrosome reaction. In all mammalian species examined, capacitation requires removal of cholesterol from the plasma membrane and the presence of extracellular Ca2+ and HCO3-. We designed experiments to elucidate the conditions required for in vitro capacitation of rat spermatozoa and the effects of Crisp-1, an epididymal secretory protein, on capacitation. Protein tyrosine phosphorylation, a hallmark of capacitation in sperm of other species, occurs during 5 h of in vitro incubation, and this phosphorylation is dependent upon HCO3-, Ca2+, and the removal of cholesterol from the membrane. Crisp-1, which is added to the sperm surface in the epididymis in vivo, is lost during capacitation, and addition of exogenous Crisp-1 to the incubation medium inhibits tyrosine phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner, thus inhibiting capacitation and ultimately the acrosome reaction. Inhibition of capacitation by Crisp-1 occurs upstream of the production of cAMP by the sperm.
The universality of multidimensional switching networks (1994)

Multidimensional switching networks are networks that utilize more than one degree of freedom (e.g., space, wavelength, time, code). The main idea is to use several dimensions of practical size in hierarchical multiplexing to overcome the physical constraints present when using only one dimension of large size. We generalize the case of one-dimensional switching networks to k-dimensional switching networks. Such networks have high degree of connectivity (/spl Gt/1000) and reduced complexity compared to one-dimensional networks. We introduce a technology-independent universal theory discussing two models, one of multidimensional selective switching, and the other of multidimensional broadcasting, concentrating on complexity and channel assignment. The required size of each dimension, hardware complexities, channel assignment, and corresponding routing algorithms and their time complexities are discussed. It is shown with examples bow the complexity of these networks can be reduced to a minimum by optimal allocation of the complexity in each dimension. Several realizations of three-dimensional wavelength-time-space networks using different technologies (e.g., fiber optics, acousto-optics, free-space and photonic switching) are described for both models.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
[A flow divider which permits, during hemodialysis, the continuous collection of a representative sample of dialysate]. (1994)

Dialysis efficiency is evaluated by the measurement of transfer of urea as well as of other important solutes such as sodium, potassium, phosphates etc. from the blood to the dialysate. These determinations are usually made by using clearances, but, because of the internal dynamics in the blood itself, reliable measurements taken in this way are impossible for most of the solutes of interest. Our system avoids these difficulties and provides accurate results. A reference method requires the determination of the volume and the concentration of the effluent dialysate. This is used in research work, but for obvious reasons, it is not suitable to a daily clinical context. Several authors proposed a system based on a pump, in order to sample continuously a fraction of the dialysate. However, they have to assume a constant flow of the latter. The system described here has the advantage of collecting a representative sample of the whole dialysate regardless of flow and concentrations variations during dialysis. It is suitable to a clinical context, easy to use and silent.
Photoisomerization and Light-Driven Fluorescence Enhancement of Azobenzene Derivatives (2013)

Recent research progress concerning the photoisomerization and fluorescence characteristics of azobenzene derivatives is surveyed. Along with the important knowledge from earlier reports, interesting approaches to making azobenzene fluorescent are described.