gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Magnetomechanical properties of single crystal Tb/sub x/Dy/sub 1-x/ under compressive stress (1992)

The magnetic and magnetostrictive properties of the Tb/sub x/Dy/sub 1-x/ highly magnetostrictive alloys were measured in the region of large magnetostriction to anisotropy ratios (x=0.5, 0.6, and 0.67). Magnetizations and magnetostrictions under compressive stresses up to 25 MPa and fields up to 2 kOe were compared to theoretical curves. Field dependences clearly display magnetization discontinuities and magnetic rotation regions. From these data and from corresponding elastic modulus measurements, permeabilities, piezomagnetic d-constants (d/sub 33/), and elastic compliances were calculated. For some values of stress and magnetic field, Delta E effects >10 and coupling factors (k/sub 33/) approach unity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Beamwidth Optimization and Resource Partitioning Scheme for Localization Assisted mm-Wave Communication (2020)

We study a millimeter wave (mm-wave) wireless network deployed along the roads of an urban area, to support localization and communication services simultaneously for outdoor mobile users. In this network, we propose a mm-wave initial beam-selection scheme based on localization-bounds, which greatly reduces the initial access delay as compared to traditional initial access schemes for standalone mm-wave small cell base station (BS). Then, we introduce a downlink transmission protocol, in which the radio frames are partitioned into three phases, namely, initial access, data, and localization, respectively. We establish a trade-off between the localization and communication performance of mm-wave systems, and show how enhanced localization can actually improve the data-communication performance. Our results suggest that dense BS deployments enable to allocate more resources to the data phase while still maintaining appreciable localization performance. Furthermore, for the case of sparse deployments and large beam dictionary size (i.e., with thinner beams), more resources must be allotted to the localization phase for optimizing the rate coverage. Based on our results, we provide several system design insights and dimensioning rules for the network operators that will deploy the first generation of mm-wave BSs.
MTF analysis of a prototype table-top inverse-geometry volumetric CT system (2005)

This work investigates the modulation transfer function (MTF) of a prototype table-top inverse-geometry volumetric CT (IGCT) system. The IGCT system has been proposed to acquire sufficient volumetric data in one circular rotation using a large-area scanned source and a narrower array of fast detectors. The source and detector arrays have the same axial, or slice, extent, thus providing sufficient volumetric coverage. A prototype system has been built using a NexRay Scanning-Beam Digital X-ray system (NexRay, Inc., Los Gatos, CA) with the C-arm gantry in the horizontal position and a stage placed between the source and detector to rotate the scanned object. The resulting system has a 16-cm in-plane field of view (FOV) and 5-cm axial FOV. Two phantoms were constructed for measuring the MTF. A 76 micron tungsten wire placed axially in a plastic frame was used to measure the in-plane MTF, and the same wire slanted at 45 degrees was used to test the isotropy of the MTF. The data were calibrated for flat-field intensity and geometric misalignment and reconstructed using a modified 3D PET algorithm. For both phantoms, slices perpendicular to the wires were reconstructed. Simulations which model the IGCT system were used to verify the MTF measurement, along with analytical predictions. The measured MTF curve was similar in shape to the predicted curve with a 10% point at 20 lp/cm compared to a predicted 18 lp/cm. Future work will also study the uniformity of the MTF across the FOV and further characterize the IGCT system.
Development of Access Point Selection Architecture with Avoiding Interference For WLANs (2006)

Multiple access points (APs) will be much more likely to be available for stations (STAs) due to the spread of wireless LANs. Within this context, we have developed a decentralized AP selection architecture for wireless LANs, and demonstrated that the proposed scheme can achieve an efficient and fair share of wireless access resources. Another issue regarding AP selection is the interference among both APs and STAs because channels partially overlap neighboring channels with the IEEE 802.11b/g standard. Therefore, we first discuss our investigations through experiments into how interference among both APs and STAs affects throughput. Based on these experiments, we propose a decentralized AP selection scheme that avoids interference, and demonstrate that the proposed solution can alleviate the effects of interference and improve throughput compared with the existing AP selection scheme. In addition, we implemented the proposed architecture on actual devices and added a function for avoiding interference. Lvaluations in terms of our scheme's effectiveness and feasibility revealed that the proposed architecture can actually improve the throughput of wireless LAN systems compared with the existing RSSI based scheme
High-energy 139 nm table-top soft-x-ray laser at 25 Hz repetition rate excited by a slab-pumped Ti:sapphire laser (2010)

We have demonstrated repetitive operation of a table-top λ=13.9 nm Ni-like Ag soft-x-ray laser that generates laser pulses with 10 μJ energy. The soft-x-ray laser is enabled by a Ti:sapphire laser pumped by high-repetition-rate frequency-doubled high-energy Nd:glass slab amplifiers. Soft-x-ray laser operation at 2.5 Hz repetition rate resulted in 20 microwatt average power.
Preparation of high <i>T</i> <i>c</i> Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O thin films by pulsed laser evaporation and Tl2O3 vapor processing (1989)

Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O superconducting thin films with zero-resistance temperatures up to 115 K have been prepared using a Tl2 O3 vapor process on Ba-Ca-Cu-O precursor thin films. The Ba-Ca-Cu-O thin films were made by laser deposition on Y-stabilized ZrO2 substrates. This technique minimizes problems caused by the toxicity of Tl2 O3, and its subsequent decomposition to the volatile and toxic Tl2 O upon heating. Therefore, it may have practical application in the fabrication of high Tc Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O superconducting thin-film devices.
Full‐Field Displacement Measurement of a Speckle Grid by using a Mesh‐Free Deformation Function (2006)

Abstract: In the present study, a combined experimental–numerical technique for the determination of the displacement and strain fields in the surface of a deformable body is described. The experimental part of this technique is based on the recording of the pair of images of the surface before and after deformation of the body, by means of a digital camera. This is done after spraying the surface with a random field of speckles (dots). Then the dots (having finite dimensions) of the second image are identified and uniquely paired with the dots of the first image. This permits the experimental determination of the deformation field in the surface. Then, by means of a mesh‐free numerical method, a smoothed deformation field can be constructed. For that, the moving least square method is applied. The deformation field being available, the corresponding strain field can easily be obtained. Numerical simulation of this technique in three simple examples indicates that promising applications are expected.
High peak power solid state switches (2006)

This paper describes the design and performance of solid state switches developed for applications ranging from low repetition rates with moderate average power to high repetition rates with high average power. These switches use multiple series connected small 5300 V thyristors capable of 14 kA peak currents and >25 kA/μs rate of current risetimes. These switch designs use patented self powered gate drives. One example is a 24 kV switch for operation at 2 pps that replaces spark gaps in a medical application in which the switch current has a ringing discharge with a peak forward value of 9 kA and a quarter cycle time of 500 ns. Switches used in fast kicker magnet drivers and to build solid state replacements for thyratrons are another example. Finally a 68 kV switch developed as a replacement for an F187 thyratron will be described which is intended for operation at a peak current of 7 kA and a repetition rate of 50 pps.
Three-dimensional subband coding of video (1995)

We describe and show the results of video coding based on a three-dimensional (3-D) spatio-temporal subband decomposition. The results include a 1-Mbps coder based on a new adaptive differential pulse code modulation scheme (ADPCM) and adaptive bit allocation. This rate is useful for video storage on CD-ROM. Coding results are also shown for a 384-kbps rate that are based on ADPCM for the lowest frequency band and a new form of vector quantization (geometric vector quantization (GVQ)) for the data in the higher frequency bands. GVQ takes advantage of the inherent structure and sparseness of the data in the higher bands. Results are also shown for a 128-kbps coder that is based on an unbalanced tree-structured vector quantizer (UTSVQ) for the lowest frequency band and GVQ for the higher frequency bands. The results are competitive with traditional video coding techniques and provide the motivation for investigating the 3-D subband framework for different coding schemes and various applications.
AUTO GMM-SAMT: An Automatic Object Tracking System for Video Surveillance in Traffic Scenarios (2010)

A complete video surveillance system for automatically tracking shape and position of objects in traffic scenarios is presented. The system, called Auto GMM-SAMT, consists of a detection and a tracking unit. The detection unit is composed of a Gaussian mixture model- (GMM-) based moving foreground detection method followed by a method for determining reliable objects among the detected foreground regions using a projective transformation. Unlike the standard GMM detection the proposed detection method considers spatial and temporal dependencies as well as a limitation of the standard deviation leading to a faster update of the mixture model and to smoo ther binary masks. The binary masks are transformed in such a way that the object size can be used for a simple but fast classification. The core of the tracking unit, named GMM-SAMT, is a shape adaptive mean shift- (SAMT-) based tracking technique, which uses Gaussian mixture models to adapt the kernel to the object shape. GMM-SAMT returns not only the precise object position but also the current shape of the object. Thus, Auto GMM-SAMT achieves good tracking results even if the object is performing out-of-plane rotations.
Performance of a Low-Power Cylindrical Hall Thruster (2007)

Recent mission studies have shown that a Hall thruster which operates at relatively constant thrust efficiency (45-55%) over a broad power range (300W - 3kW) is enabling for deep space science missions when compared with slate-of-the-art ion thrusters. While conventional (annular) Hall thrusters can operate at high thrust efficiency at kW power levels, it is difficult to construct one that operates over a broad power envelope down to 0 (100 W) while maintaining relatively high efficiency. In this note we report the measured performance (I(sub sp), thrust and efficiency) of a cylindrical Hall thruster operating at 0 (100 W) input power.
Regulation of maize root nitrate reductase mRNA levels (1992)

The regulation of maize ( Zea mays L. cv. W64A x W182E) root nitrate reductase (NR) transcript levels has been investigated. To facilitate this process a partial nitrate reductase cDNA clone has been isolated from a maize root cDNA library. Its derived amino acid sequence was found to be more similar to that of the barley nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate)‐reduced from [NAD(P)H] bispecific isoform of NR than to that of the maize leaf NADH:NR. The amount of NR mRNA in maize roots was found to increase very rapidly upon the addition of nitrate, reaching a maximum approximately 30 min after induction in the root tip. The level of NR mRNA was analysed in leaf and root tissue. There was very little cross‐hybridizing mRNA in leaf tissue when the root cDNA clone was used as a probe. Conversely, the leaf NADH:NR cDNA clone hybridized to an mRNA that was present at considerably higher levels in leaf tissue than in root tissue, although there was a clearly detectable level of this transcript present in the roots. Finally, the level of root NR mRNA was analyzed by using the tissue print technique to study its localization at the cellular level. The greatest amount of NR transcript was found in the region just above the root tip. At the cellular level, NR mRNA was found in all root cell types.
GeoSAR P/X-band single pass IFSAR over arctic ice (2013)

The GeoSAR single-pass P-band and X-band IFSAR system was employed 09 April 2012 to acquire ice data over the city of Barrow, Alaska, extending into the Chukchi Sea to the west and the Beaufort Sea to the northeast. The acquisition covered two back-to-back flights obtaining high quality single-pass interferometric X-band and P-band data. Some of the P-band data was collected in fully polarimetric mode. Ground control was established by two geographically separated dual-band corner reflectors. Nadir looking lidar profiler data was acquired over the majority of the project. The acquisition was timed to be temporally coincident with airborne electromagnetic (AEM) ice thickness measurements. Sea ice in the region surveyed was primarily composed of first year ice around 1.8 m thick, though multiyear ice was also observed and ice thicknesses >20m were measured over pressure ridges. P-band imagery disclosed a rich network of ridges with high brightness compared with X-band. Owing to the much greater penetration at P-band than X-band the volumetric decorrelation differs significantly between X-band and P-band that could be potentially exploited to improve ice-type classification. P-band penetration was assessed by simplistic differencing of the X-band and P-band digital elevation models (DEMs) after thresholding based on height error. Preliminary observations indicate surface penetration has been observed; however further analysis is required to determine the relationship between X-band-P-band elevation differences and ice penetration. Acquiring data from a lower altitude with improved SNR and enhanced interferometric sensitivity will benefit measurements.
Imaging Performance of the Si/Ge Hybrid Compton Imager (2006)

The point spread function (PSF) of a fully-instrumented silicon/germanium Compton telescope has been measured as a function of energy and angle. Overall, the resolution was 3deg to 4deg FWHM over most of the energy range and field of view. The various contributions to the resolution have been quantified. These contributions include the energy and position uncertainty of the detector; source energy; Doppler broadening; and the 1/r broadening characteristic of Compton back-projection. Furthermore, a distortion of the PSF is observed for sources imaged off-axis from the detector. These contributions are discussed and compared to theory and simulations
Synthesis of Novel 6,11-O-Bridged Bicyclic Ketolides via a Palladium-Catalyzed Bis-allylation (2004)

A bridging chemistry process was developed to form an ether bridge between 6-O and 11-O of erythromycin A via a tandem or stepwise palladium-catalyzed bis-pi-allylation. By applying this bridging process, new 6,11-O-bridged bicyclic ketolides (BBKs) were synthesized. These BBKs showed good antibacterial activities against the macrolide-susceptible strains as well as mef-resistant strains and served as a good core for further modifications to study the structure-activity relationship (SAR) and to overcome bacterial resistance. [reaction: see text]
Introduction of <i>Culex</i> Toxicity into <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> Cry4Ba by Protein Engineering (2003)

Bacillus thuringiensis mosquitocidal toxin Cry4Ba has no significant natural activity against Culex quinquefasciatus or Culex pipiens (50% lethal concentrations [LC(50)], >80,000 and >20,000 ng/ml, respectively). We introduced amino acid substitutions in three putative loops of domain II of Cry4Ba. The mutant proteins were tested on four different species of mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti, Anopheles quadrimaculatus, C. quinquefasciatus, and C. pipiens. Putative loop 1 and 2 exchanges eliminated activity towards A. aegypti and A. quadrimaculatus. Mutations in a putative loop 3 resulted in a final increase in toxicity of >700-fold and >285-fold against C. quinquefasciatus (LC(50) congruent with 114 ng/ml) and C. pipiens (LC(50) 37 ng/ml), respectively. The enhanced protein (mutein) has very little negative effect on the activity against Anopheles or AEDES: These results suggest that the introduction of short variable sequences of the loop regions from one toxin into another might provide a general rational design approach to enhancing B. thuringiensis Cry toxins.
Impact of decoupled plasma nitridation of ultra-thin gate oxide on the performance of p-channel MOSFETs (2002)

10.1088/0268-1242/17/6/101
Pilot acute study of feedback-controlled retrograde peristalsis invoked by neural gastric electrical stimulation (2009)

Neural gastric electrical stimulation (NGES) is a new method for invoking gastric contractions under microprocessor control. However, optimization of this technique using feedback mechanisms to minimize power consumption and maximize effectiveness has been lacking. The present pilot study proposes a prototype feedback-controlled neural gastric electric stimulator for the treatment of obesity. Both force-based and inter-electrode impedance-based feedback neurostimulators were implemented and tested. Four mongrel dogs (2 M, 2 F, weight 14.9 +/- 2.3 kg) underwent subserosal implantation of two-channel, 1 cm, bipolar electrode leads and two force transducers in the distal antrum. Two of the dogs were stimulated with a force feedback system utilizing the force transducers, and the other two animals were stimulated utilizing an inter-electrode impedance-based feedback system utilizing the proximal electrode leads. Both feedback systems were able to recognize erythromycin-driven contractions of the stomach and were capable of overriding them with NGES-invoked retrograde contractions which exceeded the magnitudes of the erythromycin-driven contractions by an average of 100.6 +/- 33.5% in all animals. The NGES-invoked contractions blocked the erythromycin-driven contractions past the proximal electrode pair and induced temporary gastroparesis in the vicinity of the distal force transducer despite the continuing erythromycin infusion. The amplitudes of the erythromycin-invoked contractions in the vicinity of the proximal force transducer decreased abruptly by an average of 47.9 +/- 6.3% in all four dogs after triggering-invoked retrograde contractions, regardless of the specific feedback-controlled mechanism. The proposed technique could be helpful for retaining food longer in the stomach, thus inducing early satiety and diminishing food intake.
A new approach to implant alignment and ligament balancing in total knee arthroplasty focussing on joint loads (2012)

Preservation and recovery of the mechanical leg axis as well as good rotational alignment of the prosthesis components and well-balanced ligaments are essential for the longevity of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). In the framework of the OrthoMIT project, the genALIGN system, a new navigated implantation approach based on intra-operative force-torque measurements, has been developed. With this system, optical or magnetic position tracking as well as any fixation of invasive rigid bodies are no longer necessary. For the alignment of the femoral component along the mechanical axis, a sensor-integrated instrument measures the torques resulting from the deviation between the instrument's axis and the mechanical axis under manually applied axial compression load. When both axes are coaxial, the resulting torques equal zero, and the tool axis can be fixed with respect to the bone. For ligament balancing and rotational alignment of the femoral component, the genALIGN system comprises a sensor-integrated tibial trial inlay measuring the amplitude and application points of the forces transferred between femur and tibia. Hereby, the impact of ligament tensions on knee joint loads can be determined over the whole range of motion. First studies with the genALIGN system, including a comparison with an imageless navigation system, show the feasibility of the concept.
Sensitivity of colorectal or pancreatic cancers with high DDX5 and mutations in Kras and p53 genes to FL118 treatment. (2020)

e16102 Background: FL118 is a small molecule anticancer drug with novel mechanisms of action, although its chemical structure is similar to camptothecins. Currently, FL118 is completing its IND process to enter clinical trials for patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cancers. Precision medicine is becoming a trend for modern cancer treatment. Thus, identification of drug efficacy-relevant biomarker(s) for patient selection is critical for enhancing patients’ response rates and avoiding unnecessary treatment in the clinic. Methods: Animal models of CRC and PDAC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumors were used to test FL118 efficacy; next generation sequencing (NGS) was used to determine PDX tumor molecular profiles; Western blots (WB) and real time RT-PCR were used to determine gene expression and/or apoptosis; Immunoprecipitation (IP) plus WB was used to determine protein phophorylation. Proteasome inhibitor was used to determine protein expression pathway. FL118 affinity purification was used to identify FL118 binding protein(s). Results: In association with WuXi Apptec, we have completed FL118 CMC and produced a clinical compatible product formulation. In this new product format, FL118 exhibits excess toxicity at a dose of ≥ 7.5 mg/kg via weekly x 4 schedules in mice. However, dosages of ≤ 6 mg/kg via the same schedule are tolerable. FL118 can eliminate the Kras/p53/APC triple-mutated SW620-established CRC tumors in a high percentage of mice at doses of 6 (maximum tolerated dose, MTD), 5, 4, 3, and 2 mg/kg. Tumor elimination under MTD is a typical characteristic of targeted drugs, which do not need MTD but only need the target to be saturated with drug for maximal efficacy. High expression of DDX5 (also called p68), a multifunctional oncogenic transcriptional co-activator and a DEAD-box RNA helicase, is associated with high FL118 efficacy in both CRC and PDAC PDX tumors. Mechanistically, FL118 binds to DDX5 to induce DDX5 tyrosine dephosphorylation and protein degradation without decreasing its mRNA. Tumors with Kras mutation (mKras) and/or TP53/p53 mutation (mp53) possess intrinsic resistance to multiple classic chemotherapeutic agents. However, PDAC PDX tumors with mp53 exhibit higher mKras expression and greater sensitivity to FL118 than tumors with wild type p53 and mKras. Conclusions: DDX5, mKras and mp53 appears to be favorable biomarkers for predicting FL118 high efficacy. However, further studies with a large cohort will be needed for confirmation.