gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PETCAM—A Power Efficient TCAM Architecture for Forwarding Tables (2011)

Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM) is a hardware device which can support high-speed table lookups and is an attractive solution for applications such as packet forwarding and classification. We investigate various TCAM architectures recently proposed for TCAM power and memory reduction in packet forwarding and show that far better power and memory performance is possible when we use an optimal prefix set for the given routing table. Compared to existing approaches, our experimental results demonstrate that our approach can significantly reduce both power (8-98 percent) and TCAM memory (45-78 percent) requirements.
<i>In vivo</i> imaging of a stable paramagnetic probe by pulsed‐radiofrequency electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (1997)

Imaging of free radicals by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy using time domain acquisition as in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has not been attempted because of the short spin-spin relaxation times, typically under 1 microsecond, of most biologically relevant paramagnetic species. Recent advances in radiofrequency (RF) electronics have enabled the generation of pulses of the order of 10-50 ns. Such short pulses provide adequate spectral coverage for EPR studies at 300 MHz resonant frequency. Acquisition of free induction decays (FID) of paramagnetic species possessing inhomogenously broadened narrow lines after pulsed excitation is feasible with an appropriate digitizer/averager. This report describes the use of time-domain RF EPR spectrometry and imaging for in vivo applications. FID responses were collected from a water-soluble, narrow line width spin probe within phantom samples in solution and also when infused intravenously in an anesthetized mouse. Using static magnetic field gradients and back-projection methods of image reconstruction, two-dimensional images of the spin-probe distribution were obtained in phantom samples as well as in a mouse. The resolution in the images was better than 0.7 mm and devoid of motional artifacts in the in vivo study. Results from this study suggest a potential use for pulsed RF EPR imaging (EPRI) for three-dimensional spatial and spectral-spatial imaging applications. In particular, pulsed EPRI may find use in vivo studies to minimize motional artifacts from cardiac and lung motion that cause significant problems in frequency-domain spectral acquisition, such as in continuous wave (cw) EPR techniques.
Voltage tunable multispectral imaging lens (2021)

We present design, fabrication, and characterization results on a novel multi-spectral imaging lens. Our lens design combines a catadioptric geometry with a reflective tunable cholesteric liquid crystal cell. The lens images in a narrow (~50 nm) spectral band and can be continuously voltage-tuned over a broad wavelength range (>;400 nm). The lens works with circularly polarized light. A cholesteric liquid crystal cell reflects light if the incident circular polarization has the correct handedness and the wavelength is closely matched with the liquid crystal pitch. Otherwise, the light transmits unaffected. Our compact optical design converts this reflective mechanism into a transmissive one for the purpose of imaging. In addition, we use corrective refractive lenses to optimize imaging performance over wide field of view. The traditional approach would be to use tunable birefringent filter (e.g. Solc and Lyot filter) in conjunction with a broadband imaging lens, with the birefringent filter itself composed of multiple liquid crystal cells and polarizers. Tunability is provided by adjusting optical retardation of nematic liquid crystal cells through application of appropriate voltages. Our design uses a single liquid crystal cell and a single polarizer and is inherently high in optical transmission, significantly less complex and thus potentially low cost. The applications include forensic imaging, multispectral aerial surveys, dermatology, medical microscopy etc.
Replacement Recombination in<i>Coryneform</i>Bacteria: High Efficiency Integration Requirement for Non-methylated Plasmid DNA (1993)

We have developed a versatile system that permits efficient manipulation of coryneform bacteria by gene disruption and replacement. Circumventing the methyl-specific restriction system in certain of these bacteria by using non-methylated plasmid DNA was necessary. Integrative plasmid DNA containing an in vitro disrupted copy of the Brevihacterium ftavum thr B gene was introduced into B. ftavum at an efficiency of 2.4 × 102 integrants/μg. Integration occurred by homologous recombination either via a Campbell-like mechanism or via a double crossover event. Integrants were stable for over 32 generations.
Inversion for source wavelet and AVA parameters from prestack seismic data (2003)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2003Inversion for source wavelet and AVA parameters from prestack seismic dataAuthors: Partha S. RouthPhil D. AnnoRobert T. BaumelJ. Andres ChavarriaPartha S. RouthConocoPhillips, Seismic Imaging and Prediction Center, Houston, Texas, Phil D. AnnoConocoPhillips, Seismic Imaging and Prediction Center, Houston, Texas, Robert T. BaumelConocoPhillips, Seismic Imaging and Prediction Center, Houston, Texas, and J. Andres ChavarriaDuke University, Durham, North Carolinahttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1818028 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1818028FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByStatistical modeling of seismic reflectivities comparing Lévy stable and Gaussian mixture distributionsTapan Mukerji, Partha Routh, and Vaughn Ball14 October 2009Inversion using Bayesian hyper‐prior formulation for sharp boundariesPartha Routh, Mrinal Sen, Dan Whitmore, and Phil Anno15 December 2008Improving lateral and vertical resolution of seismic images by correcting for wavelet stretch in common-angle migrationGabriel Perez and Kurt J. Marfurt3 October 2007 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 72, No. 6Inversion for non‐smooth models with physical boundsPartha S. Routh, Leming Qu, Mrinal K. Sen, and Phil D. Anno14 September 2007A new 4D workflow for legacy seismic dataPhil D. Anno and Partha S. Routh14 September 2007 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2003ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2003 Pages: 2452 publication data© 2003 Copyright © 2003 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 03 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Partha S. Routh, Phil D. Anno, Robert T. Baumel, and J. Andres Chavarria, (2003), "Inversion for source wavelet and AVA parameters from prestack seismic data," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 698-701. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1818028 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Resonant Raman detection of macular pigment levels in the living human retina (2001)

We have used resonant Raman scattering as a novel, noninvasive in vivo optical technique to measure the concentration of macular carotenoid pigments in the living human retina. Using a backscattering geometry and resonant molecular excitation in the visible, we measure the Raman peaks that originate from the single- and double-bond stretch vibrations of the p -conjugated molecule's carbon backbone. The Raman signals scale linearly with carotenoid content, whereas the required laser excitation is well under safety limits for macular exposure. The Raman technique is objective and quantitative and may lead to a new method for rapid screening of carotenoid pigment levels in large human populations that are at risk for vision loss from age-related macular degeneration, the leading cause of blindness of the elderly in the United States.
A biomimetic five-module chimeric antigen receptor ( <sup>5M</sup> CAR) designed to target and eliminate antigen-specific T cells (2020)

T cells express clonotypic T cell receptors (TCRs) that recognize peptide antigens in the context of class I or II MHC molecules (pMHCI/II). These receptor modules associate with three signaling modules (CD3γε, δε, and ζζ) and work in concert with a coreceptor module (either CD8 or CD4) to drive T cell activation in response to pMHCI/II. Here, we describe a first-generation biomimetic five-module chimeric antigen receptor (<sup>5M</sup>CAR). We show that 1) chimeric receptor modules built with the ectodomains of pMHCII assemble with CD3 signaling modules into complexes that redirect cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) specificity and function in response to the clonotypic TCRs of pMHCII-specific CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells, and 2) surrogate coreceptor modules enhance the function of these complexes. Furthermore, we demonstrate that adoptively transferred <sup>5M</sup>CAR-CTLs can mitigate type I diabetes by targeting autoimmune CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells in NOD mice. This work provides a framework for the construction of biomimetic <sup>5M</sup>CARs that can be used as tools to study the impact of particular antigen-specific T cells in immune responses, and may hold potential for ameliorating diseases mediated by pathogenic T cells.
Mueller matrix retinal imager with optimized polarization conditions (2008)

A new Mueller matrix polarimeter was used to image the retinas of normal subjects. Light from a linearly polarized 780 nm laser was passed through a system of variable retarders and scanned across the retina. Light returned from the eye passed through a second system of retarders and a polarizing beamsplitter to two confocal detection channels. Optimization of the polarimetric data reduction matrix was via a condition number metric. The accuracy and repeatability of polarization parameter measurements were within +/- 5%. The magnitudes and orientations of retardance and diattenuation, plus depolarization, were measured over 15 degrees of retina for 15 normal eyes.
Single Switch Electronic Ballast with Unity Power Factor for Compact Fluorescent Lightings Based on a Single-Stage Current Fed Resonant Inverter (2007)

A novel single stage single switch electronic ballast topology with unity power factor is presented in this paper. The proposed circuit consists of an integrated buck-boost stage that is operating in the discontinuous conduction mode to provide high power factor and a single switch current fed resonant inverter to stabilize the lamp current. The proposed topology presents a low cost and compact electronic ballast design method. Detailed operating principles of the proposed circuit are provided in this paper. Experimental results confirm that a very high power factor of 0.995 and an efficiency of 92.4% are achieved on a 26 W compact fluorescent lamp for the proposed work.
A Versatile Self-Assembly Approach toward High Performance Nanoenergetic Composite Using Functionalized Graphene (2014)

Exploiting the functionalization chemistry of graphene, long-range electrostatic and short-range covalent interactions were harnessed to produce multifunctional energetic materials through hierarchical self-assembly of nanoscale oxidizer and fuel into highly reactive macrostructures. Specifically, we report a methodology for directing the self-assembly of Al and Bi2O3 nanoparticles on functionalized graphene sheets (FGS) leading to the formation of nanocomposite structures in a colloidal suspension phase that ultimately condense into ultradense macrostructures. The mechanisms driving self-assembly were studied using a host of characterization techniques including zeta potential measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), particle size analysis, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and electron microscopy. A remarkable enhancement in energy release from 739 ± 18 to 1421 ± 12 J/g was experimentally measured for the FGS self-assembled nanocomposites.
Pipelined adaptive IIR filter architecture (2002)

The authors present fine-grain pipelined architectures for adaptive infinite impulse response (AIIR) filters. The AIIR filters are equation error based. The proposed architectures are developed by employing a combination of scattered look-ahead and relaxed look-ahead pipelining techniques. The scattered look-ahead technique is applied do the non-adaptive (but time-varying) recursive section. The relaxed look-ahead technique is applied to the adaptive blocks. It is shown via simulations that speed-ups of up to 8 and more can be achieved with marginal or no degradation in performance.
Nonlinear polymeric 1D photonic materials (2003)

Nonlinear nanolayered polymer films with a modulation in the complex nonlinear refractive index normal to the surface were fabricated using new polymers with large absorptive nonlinearities. The effective nonlinear absorption increased, relative to a monolithic control, at wavelengths approaching the band gap.
Metal Nanoparticles Derived from Polysilane Shell Cross-linked Micelle Templates (2003)

Abstract Polysilane shell cross-linked micelles, where the polysilane core is surrounded by a partially cross-linked shell of poly(methacrylic acid), can be used as the template for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles.
Planar gradient index photonic metamaterials (2011)

Metamaterials operating at optical frequencies, referred to as optical or photonic metamaterials, require features fabricated at a subwavelength scale from 50 nm to 1000nm. In this work a planar gradient index metamaterial is designed and demonstrated at optical frequencies by numerical simulation through a finite-difference time domain method in conjunction with an electromagnetic retrieval technique. We confirm the gradient by simulating the deflection of a light beam passing through a multilayer silver (Ag) and magnesium fluoride (MgF<sub>2</sub>) slab featured with specially designed nano-rectangular holes. The planar gradient index photonic metamaterials we propose can be fabricated by available nano-fabrication technologies. Optical tests can be performed since the designs are also based on the consideration of the frequency range available for evaluation.
New porous perfluoropolyether membranes (2001)

Abstract A new family of porous fluorinated membranes was developed from perfluoropolyethers (PFPEs). The PFFE–dimethacrylate (3) was dispersed in isopropanol to form a clear homogeneous solution, which after UV curing in polypropylene molds formed a porous polymer disk. A series of 10 polymers was prepared with ratios of isopropanol to PFPE ranging from 1.3:1 to 0.2:1. The water content of the membranes after hydration varied from 56 to 7% (w/w) and was directly proportional to the percentage of isopropanol used in the polymerization. However, the tensile elastic modulus, which ranged from 0.17 to 15 MPa, was inversely proportional to the water content. The high water content membranes [52 and 46% (w/w)] had a similar permeability to glucose, inulin, and albumin, while the membranes with lower water contents of 37 and 25% displayed progressively lower permeability. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 1756–1763, 2001
Image deconvolution by a logarithmic/exponential nonlinear joint transform process (1990)

We present a nonlinear joint transform processor that uses logarithmic and exponential nonlinearities at the Fourier plane to remove the amplitude distortion effects of a smearing function. The smeared image and the blur function are displayed side by side at the input plane of the system. The exact Fourier phase of the original image is restored in the joint power spectrum from the product of the Fourier transform of the smeared image with the complex conjugate of the Fourier transform of the smearing function. The Fourier amplitude of the original image is recovered by applying the logarithmic nonlinearity to both the joint power spectrum of the smeared image and the blur function, and the Fourier spectrum of the blur function. The amplitude distortion of the joint power spectrum is then removed by subtracting the log of the Fourier spectrum of the blur function from the log of the joint power spectrum. An exponential nonlinearity is then applied to the output of the logarithmic subtraction to implement an inverse logarithmic operation and to recover the Fourier amplitude. An inverse Fourier transform operation will yield the unsmeared image at the output plane of the processor. An analysis of the logarithmic/exponential nonlinear signal processor for image deconvolution is presented. Computer simulation is presented to investigate the performance of the nonlinear processor for a linearly smeared image.
Proof of Principle <i>In Vitro</i> Study of a Prototype Ultrasound Technology to Size Stone Fragments During Ureteroscopy (2009)

The prototype technology and either method measured stone size with good accuracy and precision. This technology may be possible to incorporate into ureteroscopy.
Method for accurate growth of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (1993)

We report a method for accurate growth of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs). The method uses a single reflectivity spectrum measurement to determine the structure of the partially completed VCSEL at a critical point of growth. This information, along with the extracted growth rates, allows imprecisions in growth parameters to be compensated for during growth of the remaining structure, which can then be completed with very accurate critical dimensions. Using this method, we can now routinely grow lasing VCSELs with Fabry–Perot cavity resonance wavelengths controlled to within 0.5%.
The Sodium–Oxygen/Carbon Dioxide Electrochemical Cell (2016)

Electrochemical cells that utilize metals in the anode and an ambient gas as the active material in the cathode blur the lines between fuel cells and batteries. Such cells are under active consideration worldwide because they are considered among the most promising energy storage platforms for electrified transportation. Li-air batteries are among the most actively investigated cells in this class, but long-term challenges, such as CO2 contamination of the cathode gas and electrolyte decomposition, are associated with loss of rechargeability owing to metal carbonate formation in the cathode. Remediation of the first of these problems adds significant infrastructure burdens to the Li-air cell that bring into question its commercial viability. Several recent studies offer contradictory evidence, namely, that the presence of substantial fractions of CO2 in the cathode gas stream can have significant benefits, including increasing the already high specific energy of a Li-O2 cell by as much as 200 %. In this report, we consider electrochemical processes in model Na-O2 /CO2 cells and find that, provided the electrode/electrolyte interfaces are electrochemically stable, such cells are able to deliver both exceptional energy storage capacity and stable long-term charge-discharge cycling behaviors at room temperature.
Steric hindrance enzyme immunoassay (SHEIA); a novel method in enzyme immunoassay. (1979)

We have developed a new method for separation of antibody bound and unbound enzyme conjugates. The technique as applied to the assay of choriomammotropin involves the use of beta-D-galactosylamine bound to agarose to separate the unbound choriomammotropin-beta-galactosidase conjugates for antibody bound conjugates. When beta-galactosidase was conjugated with choriomammotropin using the N-hydroxy-succinamide ester of m-maleimidobenzoic acid the affinity of the enzyme conjugate to beta-D-galactosylamine attached to agarose diminished markedly following incubation with antibody. In a typical enzyme immunoassay of choriomammotropin, 5 microliter of swelled affinity gel per tube was required to precipitate unbound enzyme following one hour gentle shaking at room temperature. Choriomammotropin antibody was used at titer of 1:1,000. The standard curve for the assay was adjusted to cover a range of 0-10 mg/l with maximum sensitivity between 1-4 mg/l.
Biotransformation activity of atrazine-degrading bacteria originating from industrial wastewater and soil (2004)

The objective of this study was to evaluate biotransformation activity of atrazine-degrading bacteria originating from an agrochemical factory wastewater and soil exposed to long-term pollution by atrazine production. The enrichment of atrazine- degrading bacteria was carried out in microcosms in mineral salts medium with atrazine as the only carbon and nitrogen source (AMS) and in the same medium with the addition of citrate as a supplemental carbon source. Five mixed cultures (two enriched from wastewater, and three from soils taken from top layer at different locations within the factory) were selected as the most efficient since they showed complete disappearance of atrazine (initial concentration 30 mgl-1) during 1- or 2- day batch cultivation in shaken flasks (monitored by HPLC analyses). A more detailed study of the mechanism of atrazine transformation suggested that all selected cultures expressed atrazine-mineralizing activity (transient metabolites hydroxyatrazine and cyanuric acid were monitored by HPLC analyses). It was also shown that the mixed cultures enriched from soil in the presence of citrate were more efficient in complete atrazine degradation than those enriched from wastewater in AMS medim with atrazine as the only carbon and nitrogen source. Plating on selective atrazine-agar medium demonstrated that all enrichments contained at least one bacterial strain which formed clear halos around the colonies. All these strains were capable of transforming atrazine to cyanuric acid, but none of them could continue degradation, i.e. the cleavage of s-triazine ring. Enrichment of mixed bacterial cultures which were more efficient in atrazine degradation than any of the individual populations alone suggested that the relationships between culture members, including those based on combined metabolic capability and the transfer of catabolic genes, are important for successful atrazine mineralization.
The Automated Measurement of Endotoxin by Pharallel Turbidimetric Time Assay (1985)

An attempt has been made to develop an automated instrument that measures the turbidity change in gelation reaction of a solution containing endotoxin and Limulus amoebocyte lysate, and quantifies endotoxin by determining gelation time of the sample. This instrument monitors the ratio R (t) of the sequential to the initial transmittance of up to 64 samples simultaneously and independently at 10 s increments. As the samples are stationarily incubated at controlled temperature of 37±0.5°C, the objective judgement of gelation is provided without any disturbance from sample vibration. Defining gelation time as the time required to obtain 5% decrease of R (t), the well correlated calibration curve was obtained for endotoxin concentration from 1 pg/ml to 100 ng/ml. The coefficients of variation of the calculated endotoxin concentration were 5.64 to 14.1%. The judgement of gelation by this method agreed well with that by the conventional gel-clot method when the proper measuring time (about a half of that by the conventional method) was selected.
Underwater Stud Welding (1978)

Stud welding is a simple process which requires no skill of the operator. Experiments were conducted to determine whether underwater stud welding could be made. Most experiments were made with mild-steel studs 3/4 inch in diameter. Base plates used were mild steel and HY-80 steel, 1/2 and 1 inch (6.4 and 25.4 mm) thick. It was found that stud welding could be made successfully under water. In the mechanical and metallurgical examinations, including tensile tests, bend tests, examinations of macro-structures, and micro-hardness tests, underwater welded specimens exhibited properties comparable to those of welds made in air. An effort is being made to develop an integrated stud welding unit which can be used for various applications in underwater fabrication and repair.