gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibitors of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> methionine aminopeptidase 1b possess antimalarial activity (2006)

With >1 million deaths annually, mostly among children in sub-Saharan Africa, malaria poses one of the most critical challenges in medicine today. Although introduction of the artemisinin class of antimalarial drugs has offered a temporary solution to the problem of drug resistance, new antimalarial drugs are needed to ensure effective control of the disease in the future. Herein, we have investigated members of the methionine aminopeptidase family as potential antimalarial targets. The Plasmodium falciparum methionine aminopeptidase 1b (PfMetAP1b), one of four MetAP proteins encoded in the P. falciparum genome, was cloned, overexpressed, purified, and used to screen a 175,000-compound library for inhibitors. A family of structurally related inhibitors containing a 2-(2-pyridinyl)-pyrimidine core was identified. Structure/activity studies led to the identification of a potent PfMetAP1b inhibitor, XC11, with an IC(50) of 112 nM. XC11 was highly selective for PfMetAP1b and did not exhibit significant cytotoxicity against primary human fibroblasts. Most importantly, XC11 inhibited the proliferation of P. falciparum strains 3D7 [chloroquine (CQ)-sensitive] and Dd2 (multidrug-resistant) in vitro and is active in mouse malaria models for both CQ-sensitive and CQ-resistant strains. These results suggest that PfMetAP1b is a promising target and XC11 is an important lead compound for the development of novel antimalarial drugs.
Conformational energy analysis of retro‐all‐<scp>D</scp>methionine enkephalin (1978)

Abstract Empirical conformational energy calculations have been carried out on the molecule retro‐all‐ D ‐methionine enkephalin. Low‐energy conformers were found by energy minimization and conformational search procedures. The lowest energy conformers wee found toi have some stereochemical relationship to the calculated normal met‐enkephalin conformers, but they were not retro‐all‐ D ‐equivalent to the Met‐enkephalin structures. The retro‐all‐ D ‐equivalent conformations were ∼10 kcal/mol higher energy than the low‐energy conformers found here. A structural comparison between the retro‐all‐ D ‐conformers and the met‐enkephalin conformers shows hat one cannot rely solely on topochemical analysis to predict biological activity for linear retro‐all‐ D ‐peptides.
Luminescent Iridium Complexes Used in Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells (LEECs) (2016)

Cationic iridium(III) complexes represent the single largest class of emitters used in light emitting electrochemical cells (LEECs). In this chapter, we highlight the state-of-the-art emitters in terms of efficiency and stability in LEEC devices, highlighting blue, green, yellow/orange, red and white devices, and provide an outlook to the future of LEECs.
Sustained Correction of a Murine Model of Phenylketonuria following a Single Intravenous Administration of AAVHSC15-PAH (2020)

Phenylketonuria is an inborn error of metabolism caused by loss of function of the liver-expressed enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase and is characterized by elevated systemic phenylalanine levels that are neurotoxic. Current therapies do not address the underlying genetic disease or restore the natural metabolic pathway resulting in the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine. A family of hepatotropic clade F adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) was isolated from human CD34<sup>+</sup> hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and one (AAVHSC15) was utilized to deliver a vector to correct the phenylketonuria phenotype in Pah<sup>enu2</sup> mice. The AAVHSC15 vector containing a codon-optimized form of the human phenylalanine hydroxylase cDNA was administered as a single intravenous dose to Pah<sup>enu2</sup> mice maintained on a phenylalanine-containing normal chow diet. Optimization of the transgene resulted in a vector that produced a sustained reduction in serum phenylalanine and normalized tyrosine levels for the lifespan of Pah<sup>enu2</sup> mice. Brain levels of phenylalanine and the downstream serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were restored. In addition, the coat color of treated mice darkened following treatment, indicating restoration of the phenylalanine metabolic pathway. Taken together, these data support the potential of an AAVHSC15-based gene therapy as an investigational therapeutic for phenylketonuria patients.
Text and Ontology Driven Clinical Decision Support System (2013)

In this paper, we discuss our ongoing research in the domain of text and ontology driven clinical decision support system. The proposed framework uses text analytics to extract clinical entities from electronic health records and semantic web analytics to generate a domain specific knowledge base (KB) of patients’ clinical facts. Clinical Rules expressed in the Semantic Web Language OWL are used to reason over the KB to infer additional facts about the patient. The KB is then queried to provide clinically relevant information to the physicians.
AD/HD Health Related Quality of Life Questionnaire Completed by Children or Adolescents. (2010)

Assessing health-related quality of life (HQOL) for children or adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) to corroborate a diagnosis and monitor treatment outcomes, is usually relegated to parent, teacher and physician observation of the child/adolescent. Allowing adults to act as proxy reporters for children/adolescents increases the bias and contributes to subjective evaluation of the child/adolescent’s HQOL. This article describes the development and validation of a HQOL scale that children or adolescents can complete themselves. The areas assessed included relationships with friends and family, reactions to medication, school achievement and ability to focus and attend. A factor analysis used to achieve construct validation yielded a 21 item scale. Reliability and criterion validation results were determined to be adequate. This new, short, self-report AD/HD HQOL scale for children and adolescents can be administered in a school setting or a physician’s office by administrative staff to support other AD/HD assessment measures and monitor treatment outcomes.
Roman colonial et ideologie coloniale en Algerie (1974)

N° thématique de la Revue algérienne des sciences juridiques économiques et politiques, vol. XI, n°1, mars 1974 : Roman colonial et idéologie coloniale en Algérie / Hubert Gourdon, Jean-Robert Henry, Françoise Henry
Preparation of a Catalyst Composite Silica Membrane Reactor for Steam Reforming Reaction by Using a Counterdiffusion CVD Method (2006)

A silica membrane prepared by a counterdiffusion CVD method using tetramethyl orthosilicate and O2 was applied to a steam reforming reaction of methane. This silica membrane showed hydrothermal stability for more than 80 h at 773 K under H2O/N2 = 3. The H2/H2O permeance ratio was about 290 after the hydrothermal stability test. Rh or Ni catalyst was dipped on a porous alumina substrate before chemical vapor deposition (CVD). As a result, a composite catalytic membrane of a hydrogen permselective silica layer and a catalyst layer was obtained. This catalyst composite membrane reactor was applied to steam reforming reaction to extract hydrogen. Rh catalyst showed better stability than that for Ni catalyst. Methane conversion was increased to 64.5% from the equilibrium value (31.4%) at 773 K under S/C = 2 by the Rh-dipped membrane reactor. High conversion of methane was due to high selectivity of H2/H2O that was confirmed by the simulation evaluation.
Nanoflow LC/Ion Mobility/CID/TOF for Proteomics:  Analysis of a Human Urinary Proteome (2003)

A prototype linear octopole ion trap/ion mobility/tandem mass spectrometer has been coupled with a nanoflow liquid chromatography separation approach and used to separate and characterize a complicated peptide mixture from digestion of soluble proteins extracted from human urine. In this approach, two dimensions of separation (nanoflow liquid chromatography and ion mobility) are followed by collision induced dissociation (CID) and mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. From a preliminary analysis of the most intense CID-MS features in a part of the dataset, it is possible to assign 27 peptide ions which correspond to 13 proteins. The data contain many additional CID-MS features for less intense ions. A limited discussion of these features and their potential utility in identifying complicated peptide mixtures required for proteomics study is presented.
Decision Diagrams and Pass Transistor Logic Synthesis (1997)

Since the relative importance of interconnections increases as feature size decreases, standard-cell based synthesis becomes less effective when deep-submicron technologies become available. Intra-cell connectivity can be decreased by the use of macro-cells. In this work we present methods for the automatic generation of macro-cells using pass transistors and domino logic. The synthesis of these cells is based on BDD and ZBDD representations of the logic functions. We address specific problems associated with the BDD approach (level degradation, long paths) and the ZBDD approach (sneak paths, charge sharing, long paths). We compare performance of the macrocells approach versus the conventional standard-cell approach based on accurate electrical simulation. This shows that the macro-cells perform well up to a certain complexity of the logic function. Functions of high complexity must be decomposed into smaller logic blocks that can directly be mapped to macro-cells. 1. Introduction and
Self-Diffusion of an Entangled DNA Molecule by Reptation (1995)

Diffusion coefficients ($D$) of fluorescently labeled DNA molecules in entangled DNA solutions were measured by tracking Brownian motion. The measured lifetime of tubelike topological constraints that hinder diffusion was longer than the minimum lifetime assumed in the reptation theory. The scaling of $D$ with polymer length and concentration was close to reptation predictions for the highest concentration and longest chain studied. These observations illustrate reptation at the microscopic level.
A Photothermal Interferometer for Gas-Phase Ammonia Detection (1999)

Detection of gas-phase ammonia is particularly challenging because ambient ammonia concentrations may be less than 1 ppb (molecules of NH(3) per 10(9) molecules of air), ammonia sticks to many materials commonly used to sample air, and particles containing ammonium may interfere with gas-phase measurements. We have built a new and sensitive photothermal interferometer to detect gas-phase ammonia in situ, under typical atmospheric conditions. Ammonia molecules in sampled air absorb infrared radiation from a CO(2) laser at 9.22 μm, with consequent collisional heating, expansion, and refractive index change. This change in refractive index is detected as a phase shift in one arm of a homodyne interferometer. Measurements of vibrational and electrical noise in the interferometer correlate to an instrumental lower limit of detection of 6.6 ppt ammonia in 1 s. The CO(2) laser output is modulated at 1.2 kHz, and the ac signal from the interferometer is measured with a lock-in amplifier. The detector is zeroed by sampling through a H(3)PO(4)-coated denuder tube and is calibrated by dynamic dilution of two permeation tube outputs and by standard addition. Signal gain is insensitive to CO(2) or H(2)O in the sample, and the signal is linear over 5 orders of magnitude. The instrument 2σ precision is 31 ppt when the signal is integrated for 100 s and 250 ppt with a 1-s integration time. The windowless sample cell and inlet is fabricated entirely of glass to minimize sample loss and hysteresis. The instrument response time is demonstrated to be about 1 s.
Novel Catalytic System for Ethylene Oligomerization: An Iron(III) Complex with an Anionic N,N,N Ligand (2011)

We report a novel iron(III)-based catalytic system formed by the addition of an anionic N,N,N ligand to an iron(III) precursor. The complex has been characterized by FT-IR, mass spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction. This precatalyst proved to form a stable, active species for the selective oligomerization of ethylene. Up to 66 wt % of butenes was obtained with a selectivity of 98% in 1-butene.
Polymer‐Supported Hantzsch 1,4‐Dihydropyridine Ester: An Efficient Biomimetic Hydrogen Source for the Reduction of Ketimines and Electron‐Withdrawing Group Conjugated Olefins (2010)

Abstract A polymer‐supported Hantzsch 1,4‐dihydropyridine ester was observed to be a useful selective reducing agent for the reduction of ketimines and electron‐withdrawing conjugated olefins. The rate of the reduction of electron‐withdrawing conjugated olefins is dependent on the nature of the conjugated substituents and could be enhanced by microwave irradiation. The reduction of ( Z )‐α‐cyano‐β‐bromomethylcinnamates to cyclopropane derivatives using polymer‐supported Hantzsch 1,4‐dihydropyridine ester was found to proceed stereoselectively and in good yields.
In vitro activation of the contact (Hageman factor) system of plasma by heparin and chondroitin sulfate E (1984)

A large number of negatively charged macromolecules, including DNA, glycosaminoglycans, and proteoglycans, were tested as possible activators of the contact (Hageman factor) system in vitro. Activation was assessed by conversion of prekallikrein to kallikrein, as determined by amidolytic assay and by cleavage of 125I-Hageman factor into 52,000- and 28,000-dalton fragments. Of particular interest to these studies, heparin proteoglycan and glycosaminoglycan from rat peritoneal mast cells, and squid chondroitin sulfate E, which is representative of the glycosaminoglycan from cultured mouse bone marrow derived mast cells, induced the reciprocal activation between Hageman factor and prekallikrein. In addition, naturally occurring heparin glycosaminoglycans from pig mucosa, bovine lung, and rat mast cells also induced activation. In contrast, native connective tissue matrix glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans from several sources were inactive, although when one such chondroitin sulfate was further sulfated in vitro, it gained activity. When the negative charge of the activating agents was blocked by the addition of hexadimethrine bromide, the cleavage of 125I-Hageman factor in the presence of prekallikrein was prevented. The active negatively charged macromolecules induced cleavage of 125I-high molecular weight kininogen in normal plasma but not in Hageman factor-deficient or prekallikrein-deficient plasmas. Reconstitution of prekallikrein-deficient plasma with purified prekallikrein restored the kininogen cleavage upon addition of the active proteoglycans. These results suggest that both heparin from connective tissue mast cells and highly sulfated chondroitin sulfate E from cultured mouse bone marrow derived mast cells (which are considered synonomous with mucosal mast cells) could activate the contact system of plasma subsequent to an activation secretion response.
Cooperative Control of SARTRE Automated Platoon Vehicles (2012)

SARTRE is a European Commission Co-Funded FP7 project that seeks to develop and integrate solutions that allow vehicles to drive in platoons to reduce fuel consumption, increase safety, improve road congestion and increase driver convenience. The platoon will operate on conventional motorways, in a mixed environment with other non-platoon traffic, and will not require changes to the road infrastructure. The paper presents an overview of the control systems developed for the five vehicle demonstrator system, and presents some results from the system operating under a range of conditions.
Characterization of proximal colonic lymphoid tissue in the mouse (1988)

Here we describe a nodule of lymphoid tissue which was consistently located in the proximal colon of mice approximately 25% of the distance from the cecum to the rectum. Immunohistochemical characterization of this nodule demonstrated that the majority of lymphocytes were relatively immature 14.8+ (B220+), IgM+, Ia+ (specificity 20) B cells some of which were also Ly-1+. These nodules also possessed an occasional T cell (Thy-1+, Ly-1+, Lyt-2+) aggregate at the periphery. Rare, small areas did not stain for either T or B cell markers. These lymphoid nodules were associated with epithelial cells which stained positively with the ER-TR4 monoclonal antibody (which also recognizes thymic cortical epithelial cells) and also with ER-TR6, which has been reported to recognize thymic macrophages or dendritic cells. The overlying colonic epithelium stained intensely with the ER-TR4 monoclonal antibody. Proximal colonic lymphoid tissue was extremely sensitive to steroid treatment, losing approximately 80% of its mass within 24 hours in response to a single intraperitoneal injection of 2 mg hydrocortisone acetate. This response was similar to that of the thymus and to that reported for the bursa of Fabricius, but unlike that of other gastrointestinal lymphoid aggregates. These results indicated that proximal colonic lymphoid tissue contains a high frequency of relatively immature B cells and may be a primary site of their generation, possibly including some of the Ly-1+ phenotype. These observations correlate with new evidence suggesting that the allantois participates in the formation of the distal midgut, including its lymphoid components.
A comparative study of navigation meshes (2016)

A navigation mesh is a representation of a 2D or 3D virtual environment that enables path planning and crowd simulation for walking characters. Various state-of-the-art navigation meshes exist, but there is no standardized way of evaluating or comparing them. Each implementation is in a different state of maturity, has been tested on different hardware, uses different example environments, and may have been designed with a different application in mind.
Gas Uptake in Solvents Confined in Mesopores: Adsorption versus Enhanced Solubility (2013)

Three molecular mechanisms for gas uptake in a solvent confined in mesopores are identified. On the one hand, CO2 uptake is an adsorption-driven phenomenon that arises from the strong interaction between the gas molecules and the pore surface. On the other hand, H2 uptake is a confinement-induced enhanced solubility in which solubility is favored in the regions of low solvent density formed by the layering of the solvent. In partially filled pores, adsorption at the gas/liquid solvent interface is a third mechanism that leads to large gas uptakes. This study, which sheds light on previously reported yet unclear oversolubility in pores, provides a guide to design hybrid porous catalysts consisting of a solvent confined in a porous solid.
Gaussian approximation of interferometric PDF for MLE derivation (2012)

The interferometry principle is usually implemented in sonar and radar systems to estimate the arrival angles of backscattered signals at time-sampling rate. This direction-finding method is based on phase-difference measurements between two close receivers. To quantify the associated bathymetric measurement quality, it is necessary to model the statistical properties of the interferometric-phase estimator. The classical interferometric estimator, i.e. arg{s <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> s <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> }, has a well known Gaussian-shaped probability density function (PDF). It is important to notice that the interferometric PDF is 2π periodic and is driven by two parameters: mean and correlation coefficient. Thanks to the relationship between these two parameters, the idea is to find a conversion technique between variance and correlation coefficient. A third-order polynomial function performs this easily while a simple affine function provides a rough but efficient approximation. The second step is to fit the PDF with finite support based on the normal distribution. This operation impacts the value of the PDF. From this it becomes possible to derive a convenient approximation of the maximum likelihood estimator with the Gaussian approximation which is well adapted for these calculations.
Using competitive protein adsorption to measure fibrinogen in undiluted human serum (2010)

We report a unique sensing mechanism based on competitive protein adsorption to measure fibrinogen, a cardiovascular biomarker, in undiluted human serum. The method uses physical adsorption of proteins to a surface rather than complex and time-consuming immobilization procedures. Two fibrinogen concentrations were differentiated in spiked in human serum [3.0 mg/ml (normal concentration) versus 3.2 mg/ml (abnormal concentration with heart disease)]. Real-time surface plasmon resonance signals were monitored as fibrinogen displaced a preadsorbed protein, IgM, on a hydrophobic gold surface. The relatively strong-affinity protein, IgM, was displaced primarily by fibrinogen and much less by other proteins in human serum.
Transmission of 108-Gb/s PDM 16ADPSK signal on 25-GHz grid using non-coherent receivers (2009)

We demonstrate the transmission of 108-Gb/s polarization-division-multiplexed (PDM) 16-ary amplitude- and differential phase-shift-keying (16ADPSK) signal by using a non-coherent receiver. We generate the 16ADPSK signal by using a differential 8-ary phase-shift-keying (D8PSK) modulator and a phase-distortion-free amplitude-shift-keying (ASK) modulator. On the other hand, the receiver is implemented by using a delay interferometer based on a 3x3 fiber coupler and the data-aided phase-noise estimation (DAPNE) algorithm. By using these transmitter and receiver, we achieve a nearly quantum-limited receiver sensitivity in the back-to-back condition. In addition, we examine the possibility of transmitting 108-Gb/s signals on a 25-GHz grid without using the coherent detection technology. The results show that we can secure a sufficient optical-signal-to-noise (OSNR) margin after the transmission of 80-km long dispersion managed link. The achieved spectral efficiency is 4.0 bit/s/Hz.