gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PARALLEL, SPACE-EFFICIENT HASH TABLE RESIZE (2015)

OF THE DISCLOSURE Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for parallel, space-efficient hash table resize. An aspect may include a hash table that may be resized by incrementally de-allocating buckets of an old hash table and incrementally allocating buckets of a new hash table. Additionally or alternatively, an aspect may include a hash table that may be resized by re-allocating buckets from the old hash table to the new hash table and then re-arranging the buckets of the new hash table. Additionally or alternatively, an aspect may include a hash table with chaining that may be resized by copying the elements of the old hash table to corresponding buckets of the new hash table and indicating which elements are not necessarily in a final position. After copying, final positions may be determined for the buckets that are indicated as not necessarily in a final position. Additionally or alternatively, an aspect may include parallezing algorithms for resizing hash tables. 8 Pike and Lebar: PARALLEL, SPACE-EFFICIENT HASH TABLE RESIZE Published by Technical Disclosure Commons, 2015
Down-regulation of miR-23b may contribute to activation of the TGF-β1/Smad3 signalling pathway during the termination stage of liver regeneration (2011)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to play important roles in liver regeneration, although the role of miRNAs associated with the termination of liver regeneration is not as well studied. Here we reported the down-regulation of miR-23b in the termination stage of liver regeneration in rats. In addition, Smad3 was identified as a target of miR-23b during liver regeneration. Up-regulation of miR-23b promoted BRL-3A cell proliferation and partially inhibited transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, TGF-β1 transcriptionally inhibited miR-23b expression. We conclude that down-regulation of miR-23b may contribute to activation of the TGF-β1/Smad3 signalling pathway during the termination stage of liver regeneration.
Soft2LM: Application Guided Heterogeneous Memory Management (2016)

This paper introduces a software policy for memory management in heterogeneous memory systems in order to improve the trade-offs between performance and power consumption, while attempting to make the best use of different characteristics of the underlying memory technologies. In this policy, the operating system and the application co-schedule page management in order to make informed decisions about page allocation and migration. Software-Controlled 2- Level Memory (Soft2LM) is a hardware-agnostic approach for efficient usage of heterogeneous memory that allows for region-based allocations, migrations, and application advice. We include analysis of the access characteristics of the PARSEC 3.0 suite of benchmarks, both as motivation for software-guided intelligent page placement as well as for understanding where application advice can make a difference. Our evaluation running PARSEC on our Soft2LM Linux kernel shows an average 4.7x improvement over comparable RAMDISK- based swapping. Even when migrating 100 and 1000 pages per second between regions, Soft2LM performs comparably to a stock system with twice the available DRAM, showing a 1.8\% and 0.7\% improvement, respectively.
From Implicit Preferences to Ratings: Video Games Recommendation based on Collaborative Filtering (2021)

This work studies and compares the performance of collaborative filtering algorithms, with the intent of proposing a videogame-oriented recommendation system.This system uses information from the video game platform Steam, which contains information about the game usage, corresponding to the implicit feedback that was later transformed into explicit feedback.These algorithms were implemented using the Surprise library, that allows to create and evaluate recommender systems that deal with explicit data.The algorithms are evaluated and compared with each other using metrics such as RSME, MAE, Precision@k, Recall@k and F1@k.We have concluded that computationally low demanding approaches can still obtain suitable results.
All-fiber acoustic particle velocity sensor based on graphene-coated four-core fiber (2019)

A graphene-coated four-core fiber (FCF)-based acoustic particle velocity (APV) sensor for the detection of acoustic location is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. A graphene film is coated on the cross section of the FCF, which can be heated through a 532-nm laser. Due to the antisymmetric temperature distribution of the graphene induced by the APV, the reflection power of different fiber cores in the FCF is modulated, and the acoustic source direction can also be located based on the vector characteristic of the APV. The experimental results show that the figure-of-eight directional response of the graphene-coated FCF with a directional sensitivity of 0.56 mV/deg is achieved. The all-fiber vector acoustic sensor possesses the potential for applications in structural health monitoring, partial discharges, public security, etc.
Secretory IgA and IgM antibodies to E. coli O and poliovirus type I antigens occur in amniotic fluid, meconium and saliva from newborns. A neonatal immune response without antigenic exposure: a result of anti-idiotypic induction? (1986)

Antibodies to E. coli O-antigens and poliovirus type I antigen as well as total SIgA were analysed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), in amniotic fluid and in meconium, urine and saliva from neonates. Secretory IgA and IgM antibodies to E. coli and poliovirus antigens were found in saliva as well as in most meconium samples taken during the first day of life. SIgA could be quantified in all types of samples including amniotic fluid. The finding of secretory IgA and IgM antibodies to E. coli and poliovirus type I antigens in early samples from an infant of a hypogammaglobulinaemic mother, given regular intravenous (i.v.) immunoglobulin prophylaxis, but still lacking IgA and IgM antibodies, supports a fetal origin for at least part of the secretory antibodies detected in the different samples. Since it is unlikely that the fetus has been exposed to poliovirus, which is rare in Sweden, it is hypothesized that the stimulus inducing the SIgA and IgM antibodies found in the neonate could be anti-idiotypic antibodies from the mother.
Generalization performance of multiclass discriminant models (2000)

Starting from a direct definition of the notion of margin in the multiclass case, we study the generalization performance of multiclass discriminant systems. In the framework of statistical learning theory, we establish on this performance a bound based on covering numbers. An application to a linear ensemble method which estimates the class posterior probabilities provides us with a way to compare this bound and another one based on combinatorial dimensions, with respect to the capacity measure they incorporate. Experimental results highlight their usefulness for a real-world problem.
Accelerated Ionic Motion in Amorphous Memristor Oxides for Nonvolatile Memories and Neuromorphic Computing (2018)

Abstract Memristive devices based on mixed ionic–electronic resistive switches have an enormous potential to replace today's transistor‐based memories and Von Neumann computing architectures thanks to their ability for nonvolatile information storage and neuromorphic computing. It still remains unclear however how ionic carriers are propagated in amorphous oxide films at high local electric fields. By using memristive model devices based on LaFeO 3 with either amorphous or epitaxial nanostructures, we engineer the structural local bonding units and increase the oxygen‐ionic diffusion coefficient by one order of magnitude for the amorphous oxide, affecting the resistive switching operation. We show that only devices based on amorphous LaFeO 3 films reveal memristive behavior due to their increased oxygen vacancy concentration. We achieved stable resistive switching with switching times down to microseconds and confirm that it is predominantly the oxygen‐ionic diffusion character and not electronic defect state changes that modulate the resistive switching device response. Ultimately, these results show that the local arrangement of structural bonding units in amorphous perovskite films at room temperature can be used to largely tune the oxygen vacancy (defect) kinetics for resistive switches (memristors) that are both theoretically challenging to predict and promising for future memory and neuromorphic computing applications.
The Crisis of Communication in the Information Age: Revisiting C.P. Snow's Two Cultures in the Era of Fake News (2023)

The purpose of this paper is to revisit C.P. Snow’s “Two Cultures” lecture in light of the cultural dominance of information technology. The crisis of communication in the information age, whether in fake news, political polarisation or science denial, has come about because both scientific and literary cultures, in seeking a world without entropy, have inadvertently stumbled upon a world without meaning. In order to explain how this has happened, the paper first explores Snow's challenge: to describe the second law of thermodynamics. The paper then provides a description of entropy that is neutral with regard to thermodynamics and information, and not simply a measure of something more intuitive like disorder, uncertainty, mixed-up-ness, diffusion, complexity or emergence. Finally, the paper argues that Snow's suggestion that everyone should be able to describe the second law is timely right now because entropy is the bridge between information and reality, and the difference between science and science fiction.
FGF signaling sustains the odontogenic fate of dental mesenchyme by suppressing β-catenin signaling (2013)

Odontoblasts and osteoblasts develop from multipotent craniofacial neural crest cells during tooth and jawbone development, but the mechanisms that specify and sustain their respective fates remain largely unknown. In this study we used early mouse molar and incisor tooth germs that possess distinct tooth-forming capability after dissociation and reaggregation in vitro to investigate the mechanism that sustains odontogenic fate of dental mesenchyme during tooth development. We found that after dissociation and reaggregation, incisor, but not molar, mesenchyme exhibits a strong osteogenic potency associated with robustly elevated β-catenin signaling activity in a cell-autonomous manner, leading to failed tooth formation in the reaggregates. Application of FGF3 to incisor reaggregates inhibits β-catenin signaling activity and rescues tooth formation. The lack of FGF retention on the cell surface of incisor mesenchyme appears to account for the differential osteogenic potency between incisor and molar, which can be further attributed to the differential expression of syndecan 1 and NDST genes. We further demonstrate that FGF signaling inhibits intracellular β-catenin signaling by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway to regulate the subcellular localization of active GSK3β in dental mesenchymal cells. Our results reveal a novel function for FGF signaling in ensuring the proper fate of dental mesenchyme by regulating β-catenin signaling activity during tooth development.
STUDY ON THE INVERSION METHOD OF LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE BY APPLYING IR BRIGHT TEMPERATURE DATA OF STILL SATELLITE (2004)

The inversion method of two-pass,diversified temporal phases can calculate the land surface temperature and the land surface emissivity individually when attaining the land surface temperature,is a good way for researching the variation of land surface temperature field by applying IR data of still satellite.The method is easy to realize processing mass data with simple computation,and is able to fulfil request on applying IR data to earthguake prediction.
Time-dependency in brain lesion enhancement with gadodiamide injection (1997)

The peak enhancement of BBB damage occurs around 3.5 min after injection. The effect does not change during the next 25 min. Scanning should not be started until 2-5 min after injection of the contrast medium, and there is no advantage in waiting longer as no major increase (or decline) of contrast can be expected.
Anisoplanatism effects in Shack-Hartmann Wave Front Sensing with Laser Guide Stars on the ELTs (2010)

Laser Guide Stars aim at increasing the sky coverage, highly restricted when using Adaptive Optics with Natural Guide Stars. With such an artificial object, spot elongation may be a limitation for the measurement quality when using a Wave Front Sensor. In this document, we evaluate and discuss the effects of this limitation on wave front measurements, for a 40 m class telescope. We also explore the possibilities of taking these effects into account in the wave front reconstruction.
Socioeconomic deprivation and notification rates for tuberculosis in London during 1982-91 (1995)

The average tuberculosis notification rates were related to overcrowding and the proportion of migrants in 1981. Only increases in unemployment from 1981 to 1991, however, were significantly associated with the rate of change in notifications over the same period.
Dengue virus-reactive CD8+ T cells mediate cross-protection against subsequent Zika virus challenge (2017)

Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) are antigenically related flaviviruses that share cross-reactivity in antibody and T cell responses, and co-circulate in increasing numbers of countries. Whether pre-existing DENV immunity can cross-protect or enhance ZIKV infection during sequential infection of the same host is unknown. Here, we show that DENV-immune Ifnar1 <sup>-/-</sup> or wild-type C57BL/6 mice infected with ZIKV have cross-reactive immunity to subsequent ZIKV infection and pathogenesis. Adoptive transfer and cell depletion studies demonstrate that DENV-immune CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells predominantly mediate cross-protective responses to ZIKV. In contrast, passive transfer studies suggest that DENV-immune serum does not protect against ZIKV infection. Thus, CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell immunity generated during primary DENV infection can confer protection against secondary ZIKV infection in mice. Further optimization of current DENV vaccines for T cell responses might confer cross-protection and prevent antibody-mediated enhancement of ZIKV infection.
Segmenting foreground objects from a dynamic textured background via a robust Kalman filter (2003)

The algorithm presented aims to segment the foreground objects in video (e.g., people) given time-varying, textured backgrounds. Examples of time-varying backgrounds include waves on water, clouds moving, trees waving in the wind, automobile traffic, moving crowds, escalators, etc. We have developed a novel foreground-background segmentation algorithm that explicitly accounts for the nonstationary nature and clutter-like appearance of many dynamic textures. The dynamic texture is modeled by an autoregressive moving average model (ARMA). A robust Kalman filter algorithm iteratively estimates the intrinsic appearance of the dynamic texture, as well as the regions of the foreground objects. Preliminary experiments with this method have demonstrated promising results.
Switch-Controllable OTRA-Based Square/Triangular Waveform Generator (2007)

A switch-controllable square/triangular waveform generator is presented. The circuit consists mainly of two operational transresistance amplifiers and three switches. The dc level of the triangular signal can be adjusted. Both inverting and noninverting mode operations can be fulfilled. A prototype circuit is implemented and experimental results are recorded to demonstrate its feasibility.
EMC compliant LIN transceiver (2013)

This paper introduces an integrated Local Interconnect Network (LIN) transceiver which sets a new performance benchmark in terms of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). The proposed topology succeeds in an extraordinary high robustness against RF disturbances which are injected into the BUS and in very low electromagnetic emissions (EMEs) radiated by the LIN network without adding any external components for filtering. In order to evaluate the circuits superior EMC performance, it was designed using a HV-BiCMOS technology for automotive applications, the EMC behavior was measured and the results were compared with a state of the art topology.
Management of Temporally and Spatially Correlated Failures in Federated Message Oriented Middleware for Resilient and QoS-Aware Messaging Services. (2016)

Message Oriented Middleware (MOM) is widely recognized as a promising solution for the communications between heterogeneous distributed systems.Because the resilience and quality-of-service of the messaging substrate plays a critical role in the overall system performance, the evolution of these distributed systems has introduced new requirements for MOM, such as inter domain federation, resilience and QoS support.This thesis focuses on a management frame work that enhances the Resilience and QoS-awareness of MOM, called RQMOM, for federated enterprise systems.A common hierarchical MOM architecture for the federated
Novel application of FIB lift-out and ultramicrotomy for advanced package failure analysis (2003)

The semiconductor industry is pushing the technology envelope of integrated circuit packaging: aggressively shrinking the geometry and introducing cost competitive materials and processing technology. The need for more powerful package FA techniques also increases, especially in the area of higher resolution imaging and material characterization. The field emission SEM no longer has the spatial resolution needed to image thin film interfaces found in new generation packages. Hence, TEM was called into action, especially in analyzing thin interfaces such as the solder joint interface and copper via interface. The sample preparation technique for package FA is the gating factor for TEM analysis. The conventional TEM preparation techniques such as wedge and dimpling are not compatible with the advanced packaging materials. The FIB cross-section technique is applicable but typically takes a long time to prepare by trimming to the region of interest (ROI) and then polishing to a 20 /spl mu/m sliver. There is a great need for effective TEM sample preparation techniques to make TEM available to package failure analysis. FIB lift-out and ultramicrotomy techniques have been improvised to meet this need.
High frequency Q-switched operation of a VCSEL with intracavity electroabsorption modulator (2006)

We report on active Q-switching of AlGaAs/GaAs VCSELs with In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.16</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.84</sub> As MQW active region and absorber. Pulse widths of 40 ps at repetition rates of 4 GHz were measured at 5 dBm incident RF power.
Field evaluation of five rapid diagnostic tests for screening of HIV-1 infections in rural Rakai, Uganda (2011)

The performance characteristics of HIV rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) vary by test and by population. We assessed five commercial RDTs in Uganda where all but one RDT (Determine; Abbott Laboratories, Germany) performed close to manufacturer's expectations. Determine had low specificity (85.2%, positive predictive value 67.3%) due to false-positive results with weak-positive bands. Properly trained staff, good quality control programmes and validation of RDTs with laboratories having confirmatory testing capacity may be warranted to assure accuracy in each setting.
Application of a HTS Coil With a Magnetic Sensor to Nondestructive Testing Using a Low-Frequency Magnetic Field (2016)

Detecting corrosion at an early stage on the backside of a thick steel plate using a magnetic field is difficult because of the high permeability of steel. Therefore, we used a low-frequency magnetic field to enable the penetration of magnetic flux deep into the steel plate. According to Faraday's law, to achieve a sufficiently intense signal at low frequencies, the number of turns of a normal conducting coil must be increased. However, a high-temperature superconducting (HTS) coil has a very low resistance; thus, the shielding current of a HTS coil can flow under magnetic fields with a wide-frequency range. Although HTS coils exhibit good shielding characteristics at low frequencies, their voltage signals are very weak. To solve this problem, a magnetic sensor was used to detect the shielding current of a HTS coil. The detection unit included the HTS coil, and the magnetic sensor was optimized; moreover, the possibility of operating the magnetic sensor at the liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K) was investigated. As a demonstration of nondestructive testing using the magnetic response of the HTS coil and magnetic sensor, we measured the change in the thickness of a steel plate in which corrosion was assumed to have occurred. Consequently, we obtained a good response even with a low-frequency magnetic field when using a HTS coil with a few turns. In the thickness measurements of steel plates, thicknesses ranging from 6 to 19 mm were obtained in the frequency range of 1-5 Hz.
Raman spectroscopy as a method to replace off‐line pH during mammalian cell culture processes (2019)

Raman spectroscopy is a robust, well-established tool utilized for measuring important cell culture process variables for example, feed, metabolites, and biomass in real-time. This study further expands the functionality of in-line Raman spectroscopy coupled with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling to develop a pH measurement tool. Cell line specific models were developed to enhance the robustness for processes with different pH setpoints, deadbands, and cellular metabolism. The modelling strategy further improved robustness by reducing the temporal complexity of pH shifts by splitting data sets into two time zones reflective of major changes in pH. In addition, models were developed to assess if lactate and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO<sub>2</sub> ) could be used in a PLS model for pH. Splitting the data sets into early and late for the process resulted in errors of 0.035 pH and 0.034 pH for the two respective Raman cell lines models which was within acceptance criteria. The lactate and pCO<sub>2</sub> PLS model with values provided by Raman models had a further 0.001 pH error reduction. This study illustrates the potential to eliminate off-line samples to correct for in-line measurements of pH and further illustrates the capabilities of Raman to measure additional process variables.
Orthogonal Halogen‐Bonding‐Driven 3D Supramolecular Assembly of Right‐Handed Synthetic Helical Peptides (2019)

Peptide-mediated self-assembly is a prevalent method for creating highly ordered supramolecular architectures. Herein, we report the first example of orthogonal C-X⋅⋅⋅X-C/C-X⋅⋅⋅π halogen bonding and hydrogen bonding driven crystalline architectures based on synthetic helical peptides bearing hybrids of l-sulfono-γ-AApeptides and natural amino acids. The combination of halogen bonding, intra-/intermolecular hydrogen bonding, and intermolecular hydrophobic interactions enabled novel 3D supramolecular assembly. The orthogonal halogen bonding in the supramolecular architecture exerts a novel mechanism for the self-assembly of synthetic peptide foldamers and gives new insights into molecular recognition, supramolecular design, and rational design of biomimetic structures.