gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laser-Induced Nanoscale Thermocapillary Flow for Purification of Aligned Arrays of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2014)

Although aligned arrays of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have outstanding potential for use in broad classes of advanced semiconductor devices, the relatively large population of metallic SWNTs (m-SWNTs) that results from conventional growth techniques leads to significantly degraded performance. Recently reported methods based on thermocapillary effects that enable removal of m-SWNTs from such arrays offer exceptional levels of efficiency, but the procedures are cumbersome and require multiple processing steps. Here we present a simple, robust alternative that yields pristine arrays of purely semiconducting SWNTs (s-SWNTs) by use of irradiation with an infrared laser. Selective absorption by m-SWNTs coated with a thin organic film initiates nanoscale thermocapillary flows that lead to exposure only of the m-SWNTs. Reactive ion etching eliminates the m-SWNTs without damaging the s-SWNTs; removal of the film completes the purification. Systematic experimental studies and computational modeling of the thermal physics illuminates the essential aspects of this process. Demonstrations include use of arrays of s-SWNTs formed in this manner as semiconducting channel materials in statistically relevant numbers of transistors to achieve both high mobilities (>900 cm2 V(-1) s(-1)) and switching ratios (>10(4)). Statistical analysis indicates that the arrays contain at least 99.8% s-SWNTs and likely significantly higher.
Abstract 099: Novel Angiotensin-Converting-Enzyme 2 (ACE2) Truncates to Target the Kidney Renin-Angiotensin-System (RAS) (2019)

ACE2 is an enzyme with a molecular size of more than 100 kDa which produces Angiotensin (1-7) from Angiotensin II (1-8). Attempts to target kidney RAS using ACE2 to treat kidney disease are hampered by its large molecular size which precludes its glomerular filtration and subsequent tubular uptake. We tested two ACE2 truncates (1-605 and 1-619AA) that we generated through truncation from the C terminus. ACE2 enzyme activity measured using Mca-APK-Dnp substrate was as high for each of them as native rACE2 (1-740 AA). The two truncates had an apparent MW of ~70 kDa, as expected from the amino acid sequence, as shown by western blot. For radioimaging each purified truncate was labeled with 99m Tc to study kidney uptake. After i.v. injection of Tc99m -labeled rACE2, there was kidney cortex retention for Tc99m 1-605 [8.6±0.7% of whole body (WB) radioactivity] and for Tc99m 1-619 (4.2±2.1% WB) as compared to only trace retention after injection of native Tc99m -rACE2 1-740 (1.2±0.2% WB)(figure). When infused to mice with genetic ACE2 deficiency, a single i.v. injection of 1-619 resulted in detectable ACE2 activity in urine and kidneys (23.1±4.3 and 1.96±0.73 RFU/ug prot/hr, respectively). In addition, the kidneys of ACE2-nul mice infused with 1-619 studied ex vivo formed more Ang (1-7) from exogenous Ang II than those of uninfused animals (p<0.05). We conclude that our novel ACE2 truncates undergo glomerular filtration which is associated with kidney uptake of enzymatically active protein that can enhance formation of Angiotensin 1-7 from Angiotensin II (1-8). These truncates may offer a potentially useful approach to target kidney RAS overactivity to combat kidney disease.
Abstract 195: Nitro-Oleic Acid is a Dual Inhibitor of Nox1 and Nox2 (2012)

Nitrated fatty acids (NFAs) are α,β-unsaturated keto derivatives of ω-3 fatty acids formed from redox reactions of nitric oxide and nitrite and have recently emerged as anti-inflammatory agents that act as electrophiles. NFAs activate Nrf2 and PPARγ signaling and inhibit NF-κB. Recent data suggest a role in inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. This function however, remains largely unexplored. The Nox family of oxidases is a major source of ROS implicated in hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Here we postulate that the NFA nitro-oleic acid (OA-NO 2 ) specifically inhibits ROS production by the Nox1 and Nox2 oxidases. Treatment of canonical Nox1-expressing COS-7 cells with OA-NO 2 vs its oleic acid (OA) control resulted in a concentration-dependent inhibition of ROS production (101.5, 98.9, 91.7, 94.8, 54.2, and 45.5 % of vehicle treated groups for 0.1, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 10 μM OA-NO 2 , respectively), with an IC 50 of 6.5 μM. Treatment of phorbol ester (PMA)-stimulated Nox2-expressing COS-7 cells yielded similar results (103.6, 106.6, 112.2, 102.1, 51.8 and 35.1 % vehicle treated groups for the same OA-NO 2 concentration range) with an IC 50 of 7.0 μM. Treatment with the same OA-NO 2 concentrations of Nox4- or Nox5-expressing COS-7 cells did not result in any inhibition. The effects of OA-NO 2 on Nox1 and Nox2 were unique to its electrophilic unsaturated keto structure, as OA (lacking NO 2 group), palmitic acid (lacking both double bond and NO 2 group) and linoleic acid (containing two cis double bonds) did not result in any inhibition, demonstrating that fatty acids other than NFAs are incapable of this inhibition. Moreover, experiments using potassium superoxide (O 2 •- ) ruled out any scavenging effects of OA-NO 2 on O 2 •- . Finally, 10 μM OA-NO 2 inhibited both angiotensin II (AngII)- and PMA-stimulated O 2 •- in rat aortic smooth muscle cells (4.4 ± 0.9, 10.8 ± 1.7 and 9.0 ± 2.5 in OA-treated vehicle, AngII and PMA groups vs. 5.8 ± 0.6, 5.7 ± 0.3 and 3.3 ± 1.0 pmol O 2 •- /min/mg protein in OA-NO 2 -treated vehicle, AngII and PMA groups, respectively). Taken together, these results identify NFAs as potent inhibitors of Nox1- and Nox2-derived ROS raising the possibility for their use as therapeutic agents to treat hypertension and other CVDs.
Table S1 from TTK Inhibitors as a Targeted Therapy for <i>CTNNB1</i> (<b>β</b>-catenin) Mutant Cancers (2023)

<p>Relation between TTK inhibitor sensitivity and CTNNB1 mutant status on the basis of Oncolines data</p>
Bioisosteric Modification of Salvinorin A, a Potent and Selective Kappa-Opioid Receptor Agonist (2011)

Salvinorin A ((2S,4aR,6aR,7R,9S,10aS, 10bR)-2H-naphtho[2,1-c]pyran-7-carboxylic acid, 9-(acetyloxy)-2-(3-furanyl) dodecahydro-6a,10b-dimethyl-4,10-dioxo methyl ester, 1, CAS 83729-01-5) has been shown to bind with high affinity and selectivity to the kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) as an agonist. Bioisosteres of 1 were developed and biologically evaluated in binding and functional assays. The C-2 thioacetate isoster produced comparable activity to 1, but nitrogen substitution had a diminishing effect. Intermediates, which lack a β-car-bonyl at C-2, displayed moderate affinity. The derivatives were tested against all opioid subtypes and were selective towards KOR.
Piezoelectric vibrator and method of adjusting vibrating frequency thereof (1988)

First Page
Amination of Buckminsterfullerene C<sub>60</sub>at Low Temperature: Application in Polyamide Synthesis (1996)

Abstract Addition of diamines to C60 was performed under different conditions.; it proceeded efficiently at low temperatures. Reaction of the adducts with dicarboxylic acid derivatives produced polyamides. Interaction between amines and C60 was studied by molecular modeling.
Pathogenic IgG4 subclass autoantibodies in MuSK myasthenia gravis (2012)

Autoantibodies against muscle-specific kinase (MuSK), a protein essential for clustering of acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), are detected in the serum of a proportion of myasthenia gravis (MG) patients. In most MuSK MG patients the anti-MuSK activity resides in the IgG4 subclass, a minor IgG component without very well-defined, but presumably anti-inflammatory, roles in immunity. In recent years, several animal model studies showed that anti-MuSK autoantibodies can cause muscle weakness by directly affecting NMJ function and, therefore, are likely not simply bystander disease markers in MuSK MG patients. In passive transfer mice, we recently provided proof that MuSK MG patient IgG4 is severely myasthenogenic, causing functional defects at NMJs. Against the clinical, serological, and pharmacological background of MuSK MG, here we discuss the MuSK MG animal models generated by our laboratory and others that have been instrumental in elucidating the etiological and pathophysiological roles of anti-MuSK antibodies.
Lysophospholipids are natriuretic and diuretic in rats (1988)

The effects of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and some of its analogues on renal sodium (UNaV) and water excretion (V) were examined in the pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized rat. LPC caused the increase in UNaV and V with a steep dose response. The natriuretic effect began within 20 min after a bolus injection and lasted for 7 h. The natriuresis and diuresis were not affected when the phospholipid was given as an LPC-albumin complex. Natriuretic activity was eliminated by substituting unsaturated bonds in the 1-acyl group and by removing the choline group on position 3. Natriuretic activity was not affected by substitution of 1-alkyl for 1-acyl groups and was stereospecific. These results demonstrate a unique, previously unrecognized effect of lysophospholipids and suggest that they may account for some of the previously demonstrated natriuretic activity of plasma.
Copper‐Mediated Aromatic Radiofluorination Revisited: Efficient Production of PET Tracers on a Preparative Scale (2015)

Two novel methods for copper-mediated aromatic nucleophilic radiofluorination were recently reported. Evaluation of these methods reveals that, although both are efficient in small-scale experiments, they are inoperative for the production of positron emission tomography (PET) tracers. Since high base content turned out to be responsible for low radiochemical conversions, a "low base" protocol has been developed which affords (18)F-labeled arenes from diaryliodonium salts and aryl pinacol boronates in reasonable yields. Furthermore, implementation of our "minimalist" approach to the copper-mediated [(18)F]-fluorination of (mesityl)(aryl)iodonium salts allows the preparation of (18)F-labeled arenes in excellent RCCs. The novel radiofluorination method circumvents time-consuming azeotropic drying and avoids the utilization of base and other additives, such as cryptands. Furthermore, this procedure enables the production of clinically relevant PET tracers; [(18)F]FDA, 4-[(18)F]FPhe, and [(18)F]DAA1106 are obtained in good isolated radiochemical yields. Additionally, [(18)F]DAA1106 has been evaluated in a rat stroke model and demonstrates excellent potential for visualization of translocator protein 18 kDa overexpression associated with neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke.
Abstract 2835: Voruciclib, a clinical stage oral CDK inhibitor, sensitizes triple negative breast cancer xenografts to proteasome inhibition (2016)

Abstract Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly heterogeneous disease, notoriously challenging to treat with standard chemotherapy options, and therefore is an area of intense focus for discovery of novel effective combination therapies. Here we used a previously described technology platform called CIVO, which enables assessment of multiple drugs and drug combinations simultaneously in living tumors, to identify drug combinations that result in synergistic anti-tumor activity in the HCC1187 model of TNBC. Our study focused on agents that combine with Voruciclib, a novel clinical stage oral CDK inhibitor with potent activity (&lt;100 nM) against CDKs 1, 4, and 9. Among the drug combinations investigated, robust localized anti-tumor activity as measured by cleaved caspase 3 (CC3) positive apoptotic cells, was observed upon combined tumor exposure to Voruciclib and the proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib. In contrast, exposure to either Voruciclib or Bortezomib as single agents showed little anti-tumor activity. Importantly, results obtained with CIVO accurately predicted the outcome of systemic dosing studies where tumor regression was induced by the Voruciclib/Bortezomib combination, but no significant impact on tumor progression was observed in xenografted subjects treated with either single agent. The ability of TNBC cells to withstand stressors such as chemotherapy may be due in part to activation of adaptive survival pathways including the unfolded protein (UPR) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress responses. As observed in previous reports, exposure of HCC1187 cells to Bortezomib alone led to an increase in two markers of the cytoprotective arm of the UPR/ER stress pathway: XBP-1s and GRP-78/BIP. Consistent with the possibility that Voruciclib impedes the cytoprotective UPR/ER stress response induced by Bortezomib, exposure to the drug combination substantially reduced protein expression of both XBP-1s and GRP-78 with concomitant induction of cPARP. Voruciclib also neutralized upregulation of these same proteins by the classic ER stress inducing agent Tunicamycin. These studies provide a foundation for further investigation of breast cancer relevant anti-cancer agents that induce UPR/ER stress responses in combination with Voruciclib for treating TNBC patients. Citation Format: Joyoti Dey, Joseph Casalini, Sally Ditzler, Matt Biery, Angela Merrell, Derek Thirstrup, Marc Grenley, Richard Klinghoffer. Voruciclib, a clinical stage oral CDK inhibitor, sensitizes triple negative breast cancer xenografts to proteasome inhibition. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2835.
Simultaneous Colonization of Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella typhimurium in Day-Old Chicks (1991)

Day-old chicks were challenged with Campylobacter jejuni or Salmonella typhimurium or both to assess the influence of these two bacteria upon the colonization of one another. Median colonization dose (CD50), a measure indicating the number of organisms required to colonize one-half of the challenged chickens, was used to assess the influence of these organisms upon the colonization of one another. Chicks were gavaged with serial dilutions of 1) C. jejuni, 2) S. typhimurium, 3) dilutions of C. jejuni and a fixed level of S. typhimurium, or 4) dilutions of S. typhimurium and a fixed level of C. jejuni. Six days postchallenge, cecal contents were quantitatively assayed for the challenge organisms. Birds challenged with only C. jejuni or birds challenged with both C. jejuni and S. typhimurium had a CD50 of 120 C. jejuni cells. The CD50 values for S. typhimurium alone (48 cells) and S. typhimurium simultaneously colonized with C. jejuni (180 cells) were not significantly different (P less than .05). The colonization levels of either organism were generally correlated with the challenge dose and ranged up to 63 million cells per gram. It was concluded that the CD50 for both C. jejuni and S. typhimurium in 24-h-old chicks were similar, and the presence of one of these particular co-colonizers does not influence the CD50 of the other.
Identification of two aptamers binding to <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> with high affinity and specificity (2019)

ABSTRACT Legionella pneumophila ( Lp ) is a water borne bacterium causing Legionnaires’ Disease (LD) in humans. Rapid detection of Lp in water system is essential to reduce the risk of LD outbreaks. The methods currently available require expert skills and are time intensive, thus delaying intervention. In situ detection of Lp by biosensor would allow rapid implementation of control strategies. To this end, a biorecognition element is required. Aptamers are considered promising biorecognition molecules for biosensing. Aptamers are short oligonucleotide sequence folding into a specific structure and are able to bind to specific molecules. Currently no aptamer and thus no aptamer-based technology exists for the detection of Lp. In this study, Systemic Evolution of Ligands through EXponential enrichment (SELEX) was used to identify aptamers binding specifically to Lp . Ten rounds of positive selection and two rounds of counter-selection against two Pseudomonas species were performed. Two aptamers binding strongly to Lp were identified with K D of 116 and 135 nM. Binding specificity of these two aptamers to Lp was confirmed by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Therefore, these two aptamers are promising biorecognition molecules for the detection of Lp in water systems.
Comparison of Frequency Conversion Techniques for Magnetoelectric Sensors (2015)

Recent advances in magnetoelectric sensor systems prove their growing importance for biomagnetic sensing applications. But with increasing sensitivity down to some pT in mechanical resonance the sensors require techniques to convert low frequent biomagnetic signals in the range of 0.1 Hz to 40 Hz into the mechanical resonance frequency of the cantilevers to utilise the effect amplification of the first bending mode. This contribution introduces the frequency conversion via electrical modulation of the piezoelectric phase and readout via the piezoelectric phase in both basic theory and experiment and compares the results to a magnetic frequency conversion method. The electrical frequency conversion shifts the wanted signal into the mechanical resonance but,with the current setup and sensors,is about a decade less sensitive compared to the magnetic approach. ×Suitable offsets in the magnetic frequency conversion effectively reduce the noise level by more than two decades.
Scale Inhibitors Designed for Zinc Bromide High-Density Completion Brines (2005)

Abstract Zinc bromide high-density brines are widely used in well completions, and zinc sulfide scale, which can cause formation damage and production decline, has been reported in some well completions. When severe scaling occurs, costly acid stimulation treatments are required to restore well production. Therefore, it is highly desirable to add an effective ZnS scale inhibitor directly to ZnBr2 brines before scaling can occur downhole. While scale inhibition methods for sulfates and carbonates in production equipment and reservoirs have been extensively studied, only limited literature for sulfide scales exists. Of the limited case, most are related to treatment in production tubing and topside process facilities, i.e., low zinc concentration in produced waters. Unlike traditional scale inhibitors which are typically applied in fresh water or very low salt solutions (~3 % salt), inhibitors designed for zinc brines need to be compatible with more than 50% dissolved salt. In zinc brines, the extremely high salt content and the limited amount of free-water severely restrict both the solubility and effectiveness of inhibitor candidates. Furthermore, most wells using high-density zinc brine are high-temperature high-pressure, and conventional scale inhibitor evaluation methods are not adequate. New evaluation methods were developed to test scaling tendencies and inhibition under downhole conditions. This research work was focused on the development and evaluation of ZnS scale inhibitors compatible with high-density zinc brines. Candidate chemicals were selected based on their potential ZnS scale-inhibition characteristics, and were studied in high-density zinc brines at high temperatures. Details of the test methods and results are presented for several ZnS scale inhibitors.
On-Line Time-of-Flight Mashing: the PDR Card Applied to a Long-Axis PET-TOF System for Reduced Transaxial Angular Sampling with 3-D Nearest-Neighbor Projection-Space Rebinning in Clinical PET/CT (2006)

Progress toward more effective time-of-flight (TOF) projection space mapping algorithms has been recently reported. This TOF "mashing" technique (less precise transaxial axial angular sampling) together with single-slice rebinning (SSRB) and reduced MSRB ("M" for multiple) allows much smaller, more optimized TOF projection data space sizes without significant loss in image resolution. This "works in progress" article presents methods for providing both nearest-neighbor rebinning and TOF mashing in general-purpose on-line hardware. Mechanisms to support both TOF axial rebinning and TOF-MSRB are in place but require more validation. The Siemens PDR (PETLINKtrade DMA Rebinner) card has been previously presented for fast and effective LOR-to-projection-space mapping in other PET applications. Here we apply the PDR card for yet another tough and interesting application. In this case, the PDR architecture - which makes use of FPGAs and flash memory - supports nearest-neighbor rebinning, transaxial TOF mashing and TOF-MSRB for the Siemens Long-Axis TOF PET/CT prototype. The TOF PET portion of this PET/CT system supports 52 rings of (4times4times20mm) LSO crystals (624 crystals/ring), a 70 cm dia. FOV with a 22 cm axial length, and a 500 ps FWHM intrinsic TOF resolution. As with previous PDR applications, internal rebinning throughput of 13 to 15 M event packets per second is possible. PDR throughput via PCI to local RAID is in excess of 7 M event packets per second.
A recurrent human papillomavirus integration site at chromosome region 12q14-q15 in SW756 and SK-v cell lines derived from genital tumors. (1995)

The SW756 cell line, derived from an invasive cancer of the uterine cervix, harbours integrated human papillomavirus (HPV) 18 DNA sequences which have been located in chromosome band 12q13. By in situ hybridization experiments with tritiated and digoxigenin-labelled HPV18 probes on R-banded chromosomes, we now localize the integrated viral sequences in 12q14-q15. Interestingly, we have previously localized integrated HPV16 sequences in the same chromosomal region in SK-v cells, derived from a pre-invasive vulvar neoplasia. The chromosomal region 12q14-q15 could thus correspond to a preferential site for the integration of HPV DNA in genital tumors.
Spectral-purity-enhancing layer for multilayer mirrors (2008)

We demonstrate, both theoretically and experimentally, that special spectral-purity-enhancing multilayer mirror systems can be designed and fabricated to substantially reduce the level of out-of-band radiation expected in an extreme ultraviolet lithographic tool. A first proof of principle of applying such spectral-purity-enhancement layers showed reduced out-of-band reflectance by a factor of five, while the in-band reflectance is only 4.5% (absolute) less than for a standard capped multilayer.
Detection of Plant Water Stress Using Leaf Temperature Measurements for Vineyard and Nut Crops (2012)

A mobile sensor suite was developed and evaluated to predict plant water status by measuring the leaf temperature of nut trees and grapevines. It consists of an infrared thermometer to measure leaf temperature along with relevant ambient condition sensors to measure microclimatic variables in the vicinity of the leaf. Sensor suite was successfully evaluated in three crops (almonds, walnuts and grapevines) for both sunlit and shaded leaves. Stepwise linear regression models developed for shaded leaf temperature yielded coefficient of multiple determination values of 0.90, 0.86, and 0.86 for almonds, walnuts, and grapevines, respectively. Stem water potential (SWP) and air temperature (Ta) were found to be significant variables in all models. Regression models were used to classify trees into stressed and unstressed categories with critical misclassification error (i.e., predicting a stressed tree as unstressed) for sunlit and shaded leaf models of 8.8 and 5.2% for almonds, 5.4 and 6.9% for walnuts, and 12.9 and 8.1% for grapevines, respectively. Canonical discrimination analyses were also conducted using sensor suite data to classify stressed and unstressed trees with critical misclassification error for sunlit and shaded leaves of 9.3 and 7.8% for almonds, 2.0 and 4.1% for walnuts, and 9.6and 1.6% for grapevines, respectively. These results show the feasibility that the sensor suite can be used to determine plant water status for irrigation and quality management of nut and vineyard crops.