gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Post-Mortem Electrical Stimulation on Quality of Turkey Meat (1987)

Two treatment groups of 15 turkeys each were used to study the effect of post-mortem electrical stimulation on turkey meat. One group was electrically stimulated after bleeding and prior to scalding. A second group, which served as the control, was treated identically except it received no post-mortem electrical stimulation. All birds were electrically stunned prior to bleeding, sub-scalded for defeathering, eviscerated, chilled overnight, and frozen until analyzed. Electrical stimulation significantly lowered the average pH of the thigh muscle 15 min after slaughter. Electrical stimulation significantly increased Hunterlab aL values in uncooked breast muscle and significantly decreased Hunterlab L values in the cooked breast muscle. Breast muscle shear values were significantly decreased by post-mortem electrical stimulation compared with those of the control. These results indicate that post-mortem electrical stimulation may produce a more tender muscle and a more desirable, brighter colored muscle.
A PEPTIDE WITH ANTI-TRANSGLUTAMINASE ACTIVITY DECREASES LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-INDUCED LUNG INFLAMMATION IN MICE (2006)

Octapeptide R2 (KVLDGQDP), which has anti-transglutaminas (TGase) activity, decreases inflammation in allergic conjunctivitis model in guinea pigs. The authors examined the effect of R2 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury in BALB/c mice. R2 inhalation significantly decreased neutrophil count and cytokine mRNA expression in the lungs of LPS (25 mg/kg)-treated mice (P < .05). It also showed a tendency for decreased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-immunoreactive protein in lung homogenates and significantly decreased TNF-alpha-immunoreactive protein in the serum of LPS-injected mice (P < .05). These results indicate that TGase may be a new therapeutic target in LPS-induced lung inflammation.
Orthogonal Labeling of M13 Minor Capsid Proteins with DNA to Self-Assemble End-to-End Multiphage Structures (2013)

M13 bacteriophage has been used as a scaffold to organize materials for various applications. Building more complex multiphage devices requires precise control of interactions between the M13 capsid proteins. Toward this end, we engineered a loop structure onto the pIII capsid protein of M13 bacteriophage to enable sortase-mediated labeling reactions for C-terminal display. Combining this with N-terminal sortase-mediated labeling, we thus created a phage scaffold that can be labeled orthogonally on three capsid proteins: the body and both ends. We show that covalent attachment of different DNA oligonucleotides at the ends of the new phage structure enables formation of multiphage particles oriented in a specific order. These have potential as nanoscale scaffolds for multi-material devices.
MAP decoding for multi-antenna systems with non-uniform sources: exact pairwise error probability and applications (2009)

We study the maximum a posteriori (MAP) decoding of memoryless non-uniform sources over multiple-antenna channels. Our model is general enough to include space-time coding, BLAST architectures, and single-transmit multi-receive antenna systems which employ any type of channel coding. We derive a closed-form expression for the codeword pairwise error probability (PEP) of general multi-antenna codes using moment generating function and Laplace transform arguments. We then consider space-time orthogonal block (STOB) coding and prove that, similar to the maximum likelihood (ML) decoding case, detection of symbols is decoupled in MAP decoding. We also derive the symbol PEP in closed-form for STOB codes. We apply these results in several scenarios. First, we design a binary antipodal signaling scheme which minimizes the system bit error rate (BER) under STOB coding. At a BER of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-6</sup> , this constellation has a channel signal-to-noise ratio (CSNR) gain of 4.7 dB over conventional BPSK signaling for a binary nonuniform source with p <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> Delta <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">=</sub> P(0) = 0.9. We next design space-time linear dispersion (LD) codes which are optimized for the source distribution under the criterion of minimizing the union upper bound on the frame error rate (FER). Two codes are given here: one outperforms V-BLAST by 3.5 dB and Alamouti's code by 12.3 dB at an FER of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> for a binary source with p <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> = 0.9, and the other outperforms V-BLAST by 4.2 dB at an FER of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> for a uniform source. These codes also outperform the LD codes of constructed under a different criteria. Finally, the problem of bit-to-signal mapping is studied. It is shown that for a binary source with p <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> = 0.9, 64-QAM signaling, and SER = 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> , a gain of 3.7 dB can be achieved using a better-than-Gray mapping. For a system with one transmit and two receive antennas that uses trellis coding with 16-QAM signaling, a 1.8 dB gain over quasi-Gray mapping and ML decoding is observed when MAP decoding is used for binary sources with p <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> = 0.9.
Epithelial splenic cysts. (2005)

Immunohistochemistry allows differential diagnosis between epidermoid and mesothelial cysts. With regard to etiopathogenesis, these data could mean that epidermoid and mesothelial cysts have distinct origins, though at variance with Burrig's theory. Although the ESC in this series were treated by open splenectomy, the recent approach by conservative and laparoscopic techniques offers great promise.
<i>In vivo</i> manipulation of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells with zoledronate and low-dose interleukin-2 for immunotherapy of advanced breast cancer patients (2010)

The potent anti-tumour activities of gammadelta T cells have prompted the development of protocols in which gammadelta-agonists are administered to cancer patients. Encouraging results from small Phase I trials have fuelled efforts to characterize more clearly the application of this approach to unmet clinical needs such as metastatic carcinoma. To examine this approach in breast cancer, a Phase I trial was conducted in which zoledronate, a Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cell agonist, plus low-dose interleukin (IL)-2 were administered to 10 therapeutically terminal, advanced metastatic breast cancer patients. Treatment was well tolerated and promoted the effector maturation of Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells in all patients. However, a statistically significant correlation of clinical outcome with peripheral Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cell numbers emerged, as seven patients who failed to sustain Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells showed progressive clinical deterioration, while three patients who sustained robust peripheral Vgamma9Vdelta2 cell populations showed declining CA15-3 levels and displayed one instance of partial remission and two of stable disease, respectively. In the context of an earlier trial in prostate cancer, these data emphasize the strong linkage of Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cell status to reduced carcinoma progression, and suggest that zoledronate plus low-dose IL-2 offers a novel, safe and feasible approach to enhance this in a subset of treatment-refractory patients with advanced breast cancer.
Tides, eclipses, and the densities of the sun and the moon (1987)

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Saving portable computer battery power through remote process execution (1998)

We describe a new approach to power saving and battery life extension on an untethered laptop through wireless remote processing of power-costly tasks. We ran a series of experiments comparing the power consumption of processes run locally with that of the same processes run remotely. We examined the trade-off between communication power expenditures and the power cost of local processing. This paper describes our methodology and results of our experiments. We suggest ways to further improve this approach, and outline a software design to support remote process execution.
Activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor suppresses invasion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. (2012)

The obtained results provide critical information on the roles of BNF in mediating esophageal squamous cell carcinoma invasion. This information could be useful for future therapeutic intervention in this lethal human disease.
Determination of alkylphenol ethoxylate non-ionic surfactants in trade effluents by sublation and high-performance liquid chromatography (1996)

Alkylphenol ethoxylate (APE) non-ionic surfactants can be extracted from trade effluents into ethyl acetate by salting out and sublation (gas stripping). The dried extracts are rapidly evaporated in a Kuderna–Danish evaporator and the residue is dissolved in acetonitrile. Finally, co-extractives are precipitated out by chilling to –5 °C and the surfactant is determined in the supernatant by HPLC with fluorescence detection. An internal standard consisting of a single APE oligomer (tert-octylphenol with a nine ethoxylate unit side-chain) compensates for incomplete recovery of the surfactants. The method is applicable to APEs at concentrations of 0.1–50 mg l–1.
Silicon Nanocrystals as an Enabling Material for Silicon Photonics (2009)

Silicon nanocrystals (Si-nc) is an enabling material for silicon photonics, which is no longer an emerging field of research but an available technology with the first commercial products available on the market. In this paper, properties and applications of Si-nc in silicon photonics are reviewed. After a brief history of silicon photonics, the limitations of silicon as a light emitter are discussed and the strategies to overcome them are briefly treated, with particular attention to the recent achievements. Emphasis is given to the visible optical gain properties of Si-nc and to its sensitization effect on Er ions to achieve infrared light amplification. The state of the art of Si-nc applied in a few photonic components is reviewed and discussed. The possibility to exploit Si-nc for solar cells is also presented. In addition, nonlinear optical effects, which enable fast all-optical switches, are described.
Stripification of Free-Form Surfaces With Global Error Bounds for Developable Approximation (2009)

Developable surfaces have many desired properties in the manufacturing process. Since most existing CAD systems utilize tensor-product parametric surfaces including B-splines as design primitives, there is a great demand in industry to convert a general free-form parametric surface within a prescribed global error bound into developable patches. In this paper, we propose a practical and efficient solution to approximate a rectangular parametric surface with a small set of <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C</i> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sup> -joint developable strips. The key contribution of the proposed algorithm is that, several optimization problems are elegantly solved in a sequence that offers a controllable global error bound on the developable surface approximation. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and stability of the proposed algorithm.
[Advances in hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen sulfide-releasing drugs]. (2016)

Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) is considered as a new member of gasotransmitter family, following nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). H2S exerts important biological effects in mammals, which has drawn more and more attention in recent years. It is proved that H(2)S has a role in the regulation of physiological and pathophysiological processes in the cardiovascular system and the nervous system. Several cardiovascular and nervous diseases are connected to H(2)S. H(2)S-releasing agents (also known as H(2)S donors) have been widely used not only as useful research tools but also potential therapeutic agents. In this review, we provide an overview of the chemistry and biology of H(2)S, and summarize the chemistry and biological activity of some natural and synthetic H(2)S donors. We introduce the developments of currently available H(2)S-releasing drugs including H(2)S-non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, H(2)S-nervous system drugs and NO-H(2)S-releasing drugs. We hope this review will be a value reference in the development of H(2)S-releasing drugs in the treatment of cardiovascular and nervous diseases.
Leishmania infantum chagasi in Northeastern Brazil: Asymptomatic Infection at the Urban Perimeter (2012)

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is endemic in large cities in Brazil, including Natal. We determined the prevalence of asymptomatic human infection with Leishmania infantum chagasi and associated environmental risks around Natal. Infection was detected by Leishmania skin test (LST) and anti-leishmanial antibodies in humans and anti-leishmanial antibodies in dogs. Amongst 345 humans, 24.6% were seropositive, and 38.6% were LST-positive. Prevalence of positive serology was similar in both sexes and across all ages. However, positive LST responses increased with age, suggesting that LST is long-lasting and cumulative. Multinomial logistic analysis showed that LST response varied with location (P = 0.007) and that males were more frequently LST-positive (P = 0.027). Indicators of lower socioeconomic status associated significantly with human infection. Furthermore, there was geographic coincidence of seropositive humans and dogs (r = 0.7926, P = 0.011). These data suggest that dog and human L. i. chagasi infection are intimately interrelated in environmental conditions associated with low income.
Combining experiment and theory to elucidate the role of supercritical water in sulfide decomposition (2014)

The cleavage of C-S linkages plays a key role in fuel processing and organic geochemistry. Water is known to affect these processes, and several hypotheses have been proposed, but the mechanism has been elusive. Here we use both experiment and theory to demonstrate that supercritical water reacts with intermediates formed during alkyl sulfide decomposition. During hexyl sulfide decomposition in supercritical water, pentane and CO + CO2 were detected in addition to the expected six carbon products. A multi-step reaction sequence for hexyl sulfide reacting with supercritical water is proposed which explains the surprising products, and quantum chemical calculations provide quantitative rates that support the proposed mechanism. The key sequence is cleavage of one C-S bond to form a thioaldehyde via radical reactions, followed by a pericyclic addition of water to the C[double bond, length as m-dash]S bond to form a geminal mercaptoalcohol. The mercaptoalcohol decomposes into an aldehyde and H2S either directly or via a water-catalyzed 6-membered ring transition state. The aldehyde quickly decomposes into CO plus pentane by radical reactions. The time is ripe for quantitative modelling of organosulfur reaction kinetics based on modern quantum chemistry.
Molecular hydrogen: a therapeutic antioxidant and beyond (2016)

Molecular hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) medicine research has flourished since a landmark publication in <i>Nature Medicine</i> that revealed the antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of hydrogen gas in a focal stroke model. Emerging evidence has consistently demonstrated that molecular hydrogen is a promising therapeutic option for a variety of diseases and the underlying comprehensive mechanisms is beyond pure hydroxyl radicals scavenging. The non-toxicity at high concentrations and rapid cellular diffusion features of molecular hydrogen ensure the feasibility and readiness of its clinical translation to human patients.
Robust Affine Invariant Feature Extraction for Image Matching (2008)

A new approach is presented to extract more robust affine invariant features for image matching. The novelty of our approach is a hierarchical filtering strategy for affine invariant feature detection, which is based on information entropy and spatial dispersion quality constraints. The concept of spatial dispersion quality is introduced to quantify the spatial distribution of features. Moreover, an integrated algorithm combined by the filtering strategy, maximally stable extremal region (MSER) and scale invariant feature transform, is introduced for affine invariant feature extraction. Since Mikolajczyk et al. identified that MSER is the best detector in many cases, we design an experiment to compare our approach (ED-MSER) with the standard MSER. By using two stereo pairs and an image sequence with different types of imagery, the experiment indicates that ED-MSER can always get much higher repeatability and matching score compared to the standard MSER and other algorithms, thus benefiting the subsequent image matching and many other applications.
An active contour model for medical image segmentation with application to brain CT image (2013)

Their region-based active contour model has the ability to achieve accurate segmentation results in images with high noise level and intensity inhomogeneity. Therefore, their method has great potential in the segmentation of medical images and would be useful for developing CAD schemes for acute ischemic stroke in brain CT images.
Strain effects on excitonic transitions in GaN: Deformation potentials (1996)

We present the results of experimental studies of the strain effects on the excitonic transitions in GaN epitaxial layers on sapphire and SiC substrates, with the emphasis on the determination of deformation potentials for wurtzite GaN. Photoluminescence and reflectance spectroscopies were performed to measure the energy positions of exciton transitions and x-ray-diffraction measurements were conducted to examine the lattice parameters of GaN epitaxial layers grown on different substrates. Residual strain induced by the mismatch of lattice constants and thermal expansion between GaN epitaxial layers and substrates was found to have a strong influence in determining the energies of excitonic transitions. The overall effects of the strain generated in GaN is compressive for GaN grown on sapphire and tensile for GaN on SiC substrate. The uniaxial and hydrostatic deformation potentials of wurtzite GaN were derived from the experimental results. Our results yield the uniaxial deformation potentials ${\mathbf{b}}_{1}$\ensuremath{\approxeq}-5.3 eV and ${\mathbf{b}}_{2}$\ensuremath{\approxeq}2.7 eV, as well as the hydrostatic components ${\mathbf{a}}_{1}$\ensuremath{\approxeq}-6.5 eV and ${\mathbf{a}}_{2}$\ensuremath{\approxeq}-11.8 eV. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
TGF-β signaling in the control of hematopoietic stem cells (2015)

Blood is a tissue with high cellular turnover, and its production is a tightly orchestrated process that requires constant replenishment. All mature blood cells are generated from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which are the self-renewing units that sustain lifelong hematopoiesis. HSC behavior, such as self-renewal and quiescence, is regulated by a wide array of factors, including external signaling cues present in the bone marrow. The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family of cytokines constitutes a multifunctional signaling circuitry, which regulates pivotal functions related to cell fate and behavior in virtually all tissues of the body. In the hematopoietic system, TGF-β signaling controls a wide spectrum of biological processes, from homeostasis of the immune system to quiescence and self-renewal of HSCs. Here, we review key features and emerging concepts pertaining to TGF-β and downstream signaling pathways in normal HSC biology, featuring aspects of aging, hematologic disease, and how this circuitry may be exploited for clinical purposes in the future.
Smart CMOS image sensor arrays (1997)

In this paper, we present several smart image sensor arrays intended for various applications. We discuss the realization of image sensors in CMOS technology and show some examples of one-dimensional (1-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) smart image arrays.
What is the role of cytokines in human colostrum? (1992)

No one has ever doubted that maternal milk, in comparison to formula milk, has a far superior nutritional value. Colostrum has a well acknowledge crucial value for the survival of the animal species that cannot receive immunoglobulins through the placenta. Until recently the presence of cytokines in colostrum was unsuspected but it has been now clarified that normally there are at least four cytokines, namely interleukin 1 and 6, tumor necrosis factor and interferon gamma, that may exert an important immunostimulatory role particularly on the oropharyngeal-associated lymphoid tissue. As a corollary, physiological concentration of cytokines administered per os may exert a useful adjuvant activity in aged or immunodeficient people.
Long-Term Public Blockchain: Resilience against Compromise of Underlying Cryptography (2017)

Blockchain technology realizes unforgeable and decentralized ledger by applying P2P network, cryptography and consensus mechanism over distributed network. Its security relies on all of these technologies. One of fundamental problem of the security of blockchain technology is compromise of underlying cryptographic algorithms. This paper shows the impact of compromise of underlying cryptography and the way to extend the validity of blockchain applying the long-term signature scheme which was standardized in ETSI. The longterm signature scheme assume the existence of centralized PKI and secure time-stamp service. In this paper, we propose a method to apply similar concept and data structure with de-centralized manner. Our scheme avoids hard-fork of original blockchain, in the case of compromise of hash function and provides smooth-fork in the case of compromise of digital signature scheme.
3D Scene Segmentation and Object Tracking in Multiocular Image Sequences (2019)

In this contribution we describe a vision-based system for the 3D detection and tracking of moving persons and objects in complex scenes. A 3D point cloud of the scene is extracted by a combined stereo technique consisting of a correlation-based block-matching approach and a spacetime stereo approach based on spatio-temporally local intensity modelling. Hence, the result of stereo analysis is a 3D point cloud attributed with motion information. For localising persons and objects in the scene the point cloud is segmented into meaningful clusters by applying a hierarchical clustering algorithm, using velocity information as an additional discrimination criterion. Initial object hypotheses are obtained by partitioning the observed scene with cylinders, including the tracking results of the previous frame. Multidimensional unconstrained nonlinear minimisation is then applied to refine the position, velocity and size of the initial cylinder in the scene, such that neighbouring clusters with similar velocity vectors are grouped to form a compact object. A particle filter is applied to select hypotheses which generate consistent trajectories. The described system is evaluated based on a tabletop sequence and several real-world sequences acquired in an industrial production environment, based on manually obtained ground truth data. We find that even in the presence of moving objects closely neighbouring the person, all objects are detected and tracked in a robust and stable manner. The average tracking accuracy is of the order of several percent of the distance to the scene.