gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Signal recovery from subband energy constraints (1992)

Prior knowledge of the subband energy partition of an image is useful for recovering an image from insufficient or noisy data. We consider how such knowledge can be associated with constraint sets and derive two algorithms for image recovery. One constraint assumes knowledge of a reference function, while the other assumes knowledge only of a reference energy. The former leads to an iterative convex projection algorithm, while the latter leads to a generalized projection algorithm. Reasonably good recovery is obtained when the irradiance data are not significantly smoothed and other prior knowledge is sufficiently precise.
Interaction of the LILRB1 inhibitory receptor with HLA class Ia dimers (2016)

Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 1 (LILRB1) has been reported to interact with a wide spectrum of HLA class I (HLA-I) molecules, albeit with different affinities determined by allelic polymorphisms and conformational features. HLA-G dimerization and the presence of intracellular Cys residues in HLA-B7 have been shown to be critical for their recognition by LILRB1. We hypothesized that dimerization of classical HLA class Ia molecules, previously detected in exosomes, might enhance their interaction with LILRB1. A soluble LILRB1-Fc fusion protein and a sensitive cellular reporter system expressing a LILRB1-ζ chimera were employed to assess receptor interaction with different HLA class Ia molecules transfected in the human lymphoblastoid 721.221 cell line. Under these conditions, intracellular Cys residues and HLA-I dimerization appeared associated with increased LILRB1 recognition. On the other hand, a marginal interaction of LILRB1 with primary monocytic cells, irrespective of their high HLA-I expression, was enhanced by type I interferon (IFN). This effect appeared disproportionate to the cytokine-induced increase of surface HLA-I expression and was accompanied by detection of HLA class Ia dimers. Altogether, the results support that a regulated assembly of these noncanonical HLA-I conformers during the immune response may enhance the avidity of their interaction with LILRB1.
Enzyme Immunoassays and Radioimmunoassays for Quantification of Anti‐TNF Biopharmaceuticals and Anti‐Drug Antibodies (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Anti-TNF Biopharmaceuticals Assays for Drug Bioavailability, Pharmacokinetics, and Immunogenicity Clinical Relevance of ADAS to TNF Inhibitors References
Synthesis of phenolic group containing analogs of porcine secretin and their immunological properties (1977)

Syntheses by the conventional method are described of Nalpha-tyrosylsecretin, [Tyr1]secretin, and Nalpha-beta-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionylsecretin. Secretin and [Tyr6]secretin were also prepared by the synthetic route identical with those employed for construction of the above analogues. Purification of secretin and the analogues was conducted by ion-exchange column chromatography on CM-Sephadex and gel filtration. Immunological reactivities of these analogues were examined in the radioimmunoassay system for secretin using two different antisera raised against synthetic secretin in rabbits. The tracers used in this study were [125I]-[Tyr1]secretin and [125I]-[Tyr6]secretin. The dose-response curves of Nalpha-tyrosylsecretin, [Tyr1]secretin, and Nalpha-beta-(4-hydroxphenyl)propionylsecretion were essentially superimposable upon those of natural and synthetic preparations of porcine secretin in the systems used, while [Tyr6]secretin showed discrepancy in the curve. In addition, biological activities of the synthetic polypeptides were compared with that of natural porcine secretin in term of exocrine pancreatic secretory response in anesthetized dogs.
Development and Flight Testing of a Morphing Aircraft, the NextGen MFX-1 (2007)

Over the last three years, primarily under a DARPA sponsored program called “Next Generation Morphing Aircraft Structures (N-MAS),” NextGen Aeronautics has been developing morphing wing technologies and designs. The current phase of this effort culminated in a high-successful wind tunnel test of a full-scale morphing wing under transonic Mach numbers; details of the wing model design and the wind tunnel testing is described in companion papers in this session. In addition to the wind tunnel model, NextGen developed and successfully flight tested a 100 lb jet-powered, remotely piloted vehicle (RPV), named the Morphing Flight-vehicle Experimental (MFX-1), with a shape-changing, morphing wing. The goal of this flight test effort was to demonstrate morphing in-flight and lay the ground work for future technology development and demonstration, ultimately leading to aerodynamically efficient, shape-changing, morphing wings on operational aircraft that would provide optimal, uncompromised performance during complex military missions. This paper describes the development of the MFX-1, including design details, fabrication processes, details of low-speed wind tunnel testing performed to obtain stability and controls data, flight test procedures, and results of the flight tests.
Sea Transportation Analysis of Pre-assembled Module (2008)

Alcan Engineering (Alceng) was established in 1997 as the engineering arm of Alcan Inc (which was acquired by Rio Tinto in 2007 forming Rio Tinto Alcan) responsible for the design and construction project management of the stage 3 (G3) expansions at Alcan Gove Aluminium refinery. Due to the remoteness of the site at Gove, labour shortage was an issue. In addition, the project had a tight schedule and the additional facilities involved construction around an existing plant that operates round the clock. Alceng being conscience in Environment, Health & Safety, engaged alternative construction methods apart from the traditional labour on site. The use of pre-assembled module (PAM) was adopted and two overseas fabrication yards at Thailand and Vietnam were established. PAM building process employs the fabrication of permanent structural steel framework in conjunction with an allowance of temporary foundations and the inclusion of final supporting pipes, valves, vessels and equipment etc, with the purpose of maximising the transfer of man hours off site and reducing overall construction time. As the fabrication yards are off shore, sea transportation of the PAMs was involved. This paper provides a description of the structural analysis of the steel framework under sea transportation involving sea motion analysis which is dependent on the type of vessels and the way of which the framework is placed on the ship deck. Additional bracing steelwork is normally required to resist the six-degree-of- freedom sea motion forces, in particular heavy equipments and vessels are built in with the framework that generate relatively large lateral forces during sea transportation. Examples of the completed framework in the order of some 50x20x40 metre height structure weighing 4,000 tonnes will also be provided.
Partial discharge characteristics and development of typical XLPE power cable insulation defects (2016)

It is well known that preventive tests have been widely used as an important means to ensure reliable operation of the power cable. Nevertheless, in the early stages of insulation deterioration, the traditional preventive tests cannot effectively detect the faint abnormal signals caused by defects. As insulation failure usually starts with PD activities, which is not only one of the primary reasons to cause the insulation deterioration of the cable, but also the characteristic scalar to describe the insulation state of cable. Therefore, PD diagnosis is recommended by IEC, IEEE and CIGRE as an effective method to evaluate the properties of cable insulation condition. In order to study the PD characteristics of the typical defects in XLPE(Cross-Linked Polyethylene)power cable, two PD models as protrusion defect of cable joint and void defect in main insulation were designed, and then the PD measurement and analysis system based on the PDBase was established. The PD characteristics of typical defects were detected and compared, also the effects of the applied voltage on the phase-resolved PD (PRPD) pattern, waveform characteristic, discharge frequency, center-phase distribution and statistical features were investigated. The experimental results indicated that it has the high stability and repeatability of the discharge on the identical defect model under the same condition. The discharge development process, PRPD patterns, time domain waveforms, central phase changing of PD signals and statistical features had very similar distribution characteristics and those of different defect had different ones. So it provides a test basis for the pattern recognition of PD types and a deeper study on the PD mechanism of XPLE cable.
Preventing Hair Loss From Chemotherapy (2001)

The images are painful: a cancer patient, perhaps a child without hair, or a woman wearing a scarf or all-too-obvious wig to disguise the hair loss caused by chemotherapy. Although this loss may seem trivial—it's likely to be temporary and the chemotherapy may well save the patient's life—it's not. “After nausea and vomiting, one of the harder side effects of chemotherapy is loss of image,” says cancer researcher Stephen Friend of Rosetta Inpharmatics in Kirkland, Washington. “Keeping that image intact,” he adds, “has a lot to do with fighting the disease.” Now, researchers may be on the way to developing a drug that can prevent chemotherapy-induced hair loss.
Retaining Passenger Loyalty through Data Mining: A Case Study of Taiwanese Airlines (2008)

Abstract Passenger loads on Taiwanese domestic flights have rapidly declined following the launch of the Taiwan High Speed Rail in 2007. Retaining passenger loyalty is thus a crucial challenge facing Taiwan domestic airlines. This study develops a loyal passenger mining process that is used to assess passenger loyalty and extract their information by a data mining technique from a database. Analytical results demonstrate that loyal passengers had high satisfaction in terms of service preferences, including airport service, passenger cabin facilities, information provision and complaint resolution, and flights departing on schedule. Loyal passengers also emphasized luggage services and obtaining airline information without an agency. The suggestions of this study not only provide Taiwanese airlines with a valuable reference for planning database marketing and managing loyal passengers but also expand the applicability of management information systems (MIS) to airline industry research.
The Application of Pulsed Neutron Decay Time Logs To Monitor Waterfloods With Changing Salinity (1980)

A combination of a pulsed neutron decay time log (TDT) TM) and an induction log has been successful in monitoring the early stages of a low- salinity waterflood. This technique has proved successful in determining the salinity of the mixture of flood-water and formation water so that water saturation can be determined behind the floodfront. Introduction During the early development of the giant Ghawar and Abqaiq fields of Saudi Arabia, Arabian American Oil Co. (Aramco) decided that the most efficient means of maintaining reservoir pressure would be through a peripheral water injection system. Accordingly, injection wells were located downdip from the original oil/water contact and as far away as 5 km from the nearest producing well.Initially, the sources of injection water were massive sandstone aquifers of the Wasia and Biyadh formations, which overlie the entire Ghawar and Abqaiq structure. Water salinities from these aquifers vary from 5,000 to 18,000 ppm. Water from the oil-producing zone of the Arab-D reservoir has salinities of about 200,000 ppm. In addition to the Wasia and Biyadh source, seawater with salinities of about 57,000 ppm now is being used in some areas.The producing interval, the Arab-D reservoir, typically is a calcarenitic-to-aphanitic limestone with some dolomitic stringers. Porosity is 20% on the average but can be as high as 30 to 32% in the upper part of the reservoir. Permeabilities range from a few part of the reservoir. Permeabilities range from a few millidarcies to over 1 darcy. Normally the producing wells are completed openhole with 7-in. casing set to the top of the reservoir. Usually the reservoir section is drilled out below the 7-in. casing approximately 200 to 250 ft below the casing shoe, several hundred feet above the present oil/water contact. Two-in. tubing, which will act as a kill string, normally is run just above the casing shoe, and the well is produced up the casing annulus.Most injection wells are completed openhole, the same way as producers. Injection rates tend to vary from area to area, ranging from 5,000 to more than 50,000 B/D.As early as 1960, a feasibility study made by Aramco successfully determined the rate of oil/water contact advance and calculated the oil displacement efficiency of waterflooding in the Arab-D reservoir. For this study, observation wells were drilled into the oil/water contact to observe fluid changes with time. The wells were completed openhole with a highly resistive fluid such as fuel oil in the wellbore. Initially the induction and sonic logs were run through the reservoir section. Subsequent induction logging was done at regularly scheduled periods to observe changes in oil saturation with time.The study assumed, at the time, that the advancing water at the oil/water contact would be entirely Arab-D formation water. Therefore, the values of water saturation could be calculated from induction and sonic logs using the classic Archie equation: (1) JPT P. 957
Refinement of protein structures in explicit solvent (2003)

We present a CPU efficient protocol for refinement of protein structures in a thin layer of explicit solvent and energy parameters with completely revised dihedral angle terms. Our approach is suitable for protein structures determined by theoretical (e.g., homology modeling or threading) or experimental methods (e.g., NMR). In contrast to other recently proposed refinement protocols, we put a strong emphasis on consistency with widely accepted covalent parameters and computational efficiency. We illustrate the method for NMR structure calculations of three proteins: interleukin-4, ubiquitin, and crambin. We show a comparison of their structure ensembles before and after refinement in water with and without a force field energy term for the dihedral angles; crambin was also refined in DMSO. Our results demonstrate the significant improvement of structure quality by a short refinement in a thin layer of solvent. Further, they show that a dihedral angle energy term in the force field is beneficial for structure calculation and refinement. We discuss the optimal weight for the energy constant for the backbone angle omega and include an extensive discussion of meaning and relevance of the calculated validation criteria, in particular root mean square Z scores for covalent parameters such as bond lengths.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis — A New Role for Old Drugs (2005)

A screening assay of FDA-approved drugs identified ceftriaxone and other β-lactam antibiotics as potential therapies for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other neurologic disorders. The results of experiments in a mouse model of ALS provide support for this hypothesis and suggest that ceftriaxone could also be used to delay the onset of ALS.
HVNet: Hybrid Voxel Network for LiDAR Based 3D Object Detection (2020)

We present Hybrid Voxel Network (HVNet), a novel one-stage unified network for point cloud based 3D object detection for autonomous driving. Recent studies show that 2D voxelization with per voxel PointNet style feature extractor leads to accurate and efficient detector for large 3D scenes. Since the size of the feature map determines the computation and memory cost, the size of the voxel becomes a parameter that is hard to balance. A smaller voxel size gives a better performance, especially for small objects, but a longer inference time. A larger voxel can cover the same area with a smaller feature map, but fails to capture intricate features and accurate location for smaller objects. We present a Hybrid Voxel network that solves this problem by fusing voxel feature encoder (VFE) of different scales at point-wise level and project into multiple pseudo-image feature maps. We further propose an attentive voxel feature encoding that outperforms plain VFE and a feature fusion pyramid network to aggregate multi-scale information at feature map level. Experiments on the KITTI benchmark show that a single HVNet achieves the best mAP among all existing methods with a real time inference speed of 31Hz.
Gallium-68 lipophilic complexes for labeling platelets. (1985)

Generator produced 68Ga-labeled platelets could be useful for positron emission tomographic (PET) studies of thrombosis or atherosclerosis. To label platelets with 68Ga, we have studied the effects of trace metals in elutions of 68Ga from 68Ge. Studies were conducted on the formation of lipophilic 68Ga complexes 8-hydroxyquinoline, tropolone, and mercaptopyridine-N-oxide (MPO). Parameters such as pH, buffers, concentration of ligand, and stability with time were investigated. High performance liquid chromatography and instant thin layer chromatography were used to quantitate formation of the 68Ga complex. Platelets from human, dog, and rabbit plasma were incubated with the 68Ga complexes and the percent labeling determined. Accumulation of platelets in the catheter scraped aorta of the rabbit was determined by PET imaging, tissue counting, and autoradiography. Gallium-68 MPO gave 40-60% labeling of rabbit platelets with higher accumulation in the scraped aorta compared to the normal.
Staphylococcal Biofilm Exopolysaccharide Protects against Caenorhabditis elegans Immune Defenses (2007)

Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus are leading causes of hospital-acquired infections that have become increasingly difficult to treat due to the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in these organisms. The ability of staphylococci to produce biofilm is an important virulence mechanism that allows bacteria both to adhere to living and artificial surfaces and to resist host immune factors and antibiotics. Here, we show that the icaADBC locus, which synthesizes the biofilm-associated polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA) in staphylococci, is required for the formation of a lethal S. epidermidis infection in the intestine of the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Susceptibility to S. epidermidis infection is influenced by mutation of the C. elegans PMK-1 p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase or DAF-2 insulin-signaling pathways. Loss of PIA production abrogates nematocidal activity and leads to reduced bacterial accumulation in the C. elegans intestine, while overexpression of the icaADBC locus in S. aureus augments virulence towards nematodes. PIA-producing S. epidermidis has a significant survival advantage over ica-deficient S. epidermidis within the intestinal tract of wild-type C. elegans, but not in immunocompromised nematodes harboring a loss-of-function mutation in the p38 MAP kinase pathway gene sek-1. Moreover, sek-1 and pmk-1 mutants are equally sensitive to wild-type and icaADBC-deficient S. epidermidis. These results suggest that biofilm exopolysaccharide enhances virulence by playing an immunoprotective role during colonization of the C. elegans intestine. These studies demonstrate that C. elegans can serve as a simple animal model for studying host-pathogen interactions involving staphylococcal biofilm exopolysaccharide and suggest that the protective activity of biofilm matrix represents an ancient conserved function for resisting predation.
Tangible and Screen-Based Interfaces for End-User Workflow Modeling (2014)

Bridging the gap between business needs and IT solutions is a major challenge in service-oriented computing. Recent research has emphasized the importance of including end users in the development of service-based applications. This article contributes to this problem by taking on a human-centered software engineering perspective. Based on an analysis of two different approaches--tangible and screen-based versions of tools--it discusses how end users can participate in the development of technical workflow models based on their perception of business processes. The evaluation results contribute to a better understanding of the needs and problems of end users and give an idea of future challenges for the design of tools that aim to support end user development in the domain of service-oriented computing.
Enteric hyperoxaluria: an important cause of end-stage kidney disease (2015)

Hyperoxaluria is a frequent complication of inflammatory bowel diseases, ileal resection and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and is well-known to cause nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis. The associated prevalence of chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is less clear but may be more consequential than recognized. In this review, we highlight three cases of ESKD due to enteric hyperoxaluria following small bowel resections. We review current information on the pathophysiology, complications and treatment of this complex disease.
Operation and experience of a 2 km coated conductor REEL – to – REEL copper pulse plating facility (2014)

Bruker HTS manufactures YBCO based superconducting wires of the second generation on low- cost Stainless Steel substrate (100 μm thick). With 250 – 500 A/cm@77 K, SF, 650 MPa tensile strength and 6 mm bending radius excellent electrical and mechanical properties are achieved. As complementation of the 2G fabrication technology an automated 2 km copper pulse plating facility has been installed in 2012. We report here the operation requirements and the experiences of the copper plating technique.
Using Hybrid Magnetic Bearings to Completely Suspend the Impeller of a Ventricular Assist Device (1996)

Clinically available blood pumps and those under development suffer from poor mechanical reliability and poor biocompatibility related to anatomic fit, hemolysis, and thrombosis. To alleviate these problems concurrently in a long-term device is a substantial challenge. Based on testing the performance of a prototype, and on our judgment of desired characteristics, we have configured an innovative ventricular assist device, the CF-VAD4, for long-term use. The design process and its outcome, the CFVAD4 system configuration, is described. To provide unprecedented reliability and biocompatibility, magnetic bearings completely suspend the rotating pump impeller. The CFVAD4 uses a combination of passive (permanent) and active (electric) magnetic bearings, a mixed flow impeller, and a slotless 3-phase brushless DC motor. These components are shaped, oriented, and integrated to provide a compact, implantable, pancake-shaped unit for placement in the left upper abdominal quadrant of adult humans.
Electrically Actuated Varifocal Lens Based on Liquid-Crystal-Embedded Dielectric Metasurfaces (2021)

Compact varifocal lenses are essential to various imaging and vision technologies. However, existing varifocal elements typically rely on mechanically actuated systems with limited tuning speeds and scalability. Here, an ultrathin electrically controlled varifocal lens based on a liquid crystal (LC) encapsulated dielectric metasurface is demonstrated. Enabled by the field-dependent LC anisotropy, applying a voltage bias across the LC cell modifies the local phase response of the silicon meta-atoms, in turn modifying the metalens focal length. In a numerical implementation, a voltage-actuated metalens with continuous zoom and up to 20% total focal shift is demonstrated. The LC-based metalens concept is experimentally verified through the design and fabrication of a bifocal metalens that facilitates high-contrast switching between two discrete focal lengths upon application of a 9.8 V<sub>pp</sub> voltage bias. Owing to their ultrathin thickness and adaptable design, LC-driven dielectric metasurfaces open new opportunities for compact varifocal lensing in a diversity of modern imaging applications.