gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Opinion space (2010)

Internet users are increasingly inclined to contribute comments to online news articles, videos, product reviews, and blogs. The most common interface for comments is a list, sorted by time of entry or by binary ratings. It is widely recognized that such lists do not scale well and can lead to "cyberpolarization," which serves to reinforce extreme opinions. We present Opinion Space: a new online interface incorporating ideas from deliberative polling, dimensionality reduction, and collaborative filtering that allows participants to visualize and navigate through a diversity of comments. This self-organizing system automatically highlights the comments found most insightful by users from a range of perspectives. We report results of a controlled user study. When Opinion Space was compared with a chronological List interface, participants read a similar diversity of comments. However, they were significantly more engaged with the system, and they had significantly higher agreement with and respect for the comments they read.
Arboviruses and Lemurs in Madagascar: Experimental Infection of Lemur Fulvus with Yellow Fever and West Nile Viruses * (1985)

In previous serological surveys of lemurs in Madagascar, antibodies against flaviviruses were frequently detected. To examine the epidemiological role of Lemur fulvus, experimental infections with yellow fever (YF) virus and West Nile (WN) virus were performed. YF and WN infections were clinically unapparent. A 3 to 4-day-long viremia, with moderate levels was observed with YF virus. WN virus, especially the strain isolated in Madagascar, provoked a 4 to 6-day-long viremia sufficient to infect Aedes aegypti. In all experiments, the antibody response was studied during the following weeks by 3 methods. The results led to the conclusion that Malagasy lemurs could act as amplifying hosts for WN virus present in Madagascar, and as hosts for YF virus if it were introduced on the island. The epidemiological role of these primates is discussed according to their ecology and their contact with potential mosquito vectors in forest areas of Madagascar.
[Valsartan eluting-stents inhibited neointimal hyperplasia by decreasing collagen deposition in rabbits]. (2006)

Valsartan eluting-stents inhibited neointimal hyperplasia by decreasing collagen deposition.
Municipal WiFi networks: The goals, practices and policy implications of the US case (2014)

Abstract: This paper explores three broad questions about municipal Wi-Fi networks in the U.S.: why are cities getting involved, how do they go about deploying these networks, and what policy issues does this new trend raise? To explain municipal involvement, the paper points out that cities have both the means to provide relatively inexpensive deployment and the motives to provide wireless connectivity to city employees, foster the economic development of communities and offer universal and affordable broadband services to residents. The paper then explores nine possible business models, ordered according to two questions: who owns the network and who operates it. Each of the possible business models is described and its policy implications are discussed. Finally, the paper addresses the political and legal fight over the right of cities to build these networks. The authors argue in conclusion that the current municipal Wi-Fi movement should be allowed to proceed without federal restrictions. Key words: municipal wireless, internet policy. n the wake of Wi-Fi&apos;s spectacular rise during the past ten years, a new twist has emerged: the last few years have seen a growing number of municipal governments deploy Wi-Fi networks, in the U.S. and abroad. According to VOS (2005), there were 82 municipal Wi-Fi networks in the U.S. as of July 2005, up from 44 the previous year (VOS, 2004). In addition, another 35 municipalities are currently planning to deploy such networks (VOS, 2005). Outside the U.S., over the same period, this number increased from 40 to 69 (VOS, 2005). Such municipal enthusiasm for deploying and operating telecommunication networks comes as a surprise given the prevailing trend of deregulation and privatization in public utilities. This paper explores the deployment of municipal Wi-Fi networks within the U.S. context, where the deployment of wireless broadband takes on
Crystal structure and optical properties of nonisovalent ion-exchanged Zn:LiTaO<sub>3</sub>waveguides (1995)

Abstract A method to determine the lattice parameters a and c of an unstrained solid solution whose composition is equal to that on the surface of corresponding strained waveguiding layer was applied to characterize the optical waveguides in LiTaO3, prepared by nonisovalent ion exchange Zn2 → 2Li+. The Li1-xZnx/2TaO3 system clearly exhibits a complex structural chemistry. The two distinct phases have been observed. The dependences of the extraordinary index change on the lattice parameters of the unstrained single crystal Li1-xZnx/2TaO3 solid solutions in all phases were obtained.
<title>Content features for logical document labeling</title> (2003)

The use of content feature extracted from recognized text is valuable in labeling logical elements in documents without rigid layout structure, like business letters. This paper discusses a model-based approach to combining content features with other geometrical and presentation features for logical labeling. Models are automatically initialized and adaptively improved using training samples. Satisfactory experiment results are presented.
RAPD Markers Related to Pollen Fertility in Garlic(Allium sativum L.). (1997)

In garlic, molecular markers associated with the trait of pollen fertility were searched, using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Twelve pollen fertile and sterile garlic clones were screened, using 60 RAPD primers to find the DNA fragments related to pollen fertility. With the 60 arbitrary 10-mer primers, 625 discrete fragments of DNA were amplified, and 397 (64%) of them showed polymorphisms among the 12 clones. Two RAPD markers, OPJ121300 and OPJ121700 were amplified only in the pollen fertile clones with the primer OPJ12 (5'-GTCCCGTGGT-3'). The selected primers were tested on 60 pollen fertile and sterile garlic clones. The two RAPD markers were present commonly in all of the 31 pollen fertile clones, and they were not amplified in the 29 sterile clones with the exception of one, No. 395-2 which produces sterile pollen. The two RAPD markers were related to the pollen fertility of male organ, but the female fertility was not confirmed in this clone yet. The first step towdrds marker-assisted selection of fertile clones of garlic was made in this study.
Compact device for assessment of microorganism motility (2004)

We have designed and constructed a simple and reliable instrument, based on dynamic speckle interferometry, which allows the determination of the relative degree of motility for microorganisms. A measurement can be carried out in a few seconds and parasites have been used for test purposes. An ad hoc software was also developed showing easy operation characteristics. This instrument surpasses the purely qualitative methodology employed by human operators, that can be affected by great errors, fatigue, etc. Besides, it does not require using image formation systems (such as a microscope) and a frame grabber is not mandatory.
Comparison of surface contamination with cyclophosphamide and fluorouracil using a closed-system drug transfer device versus standard preparation techniques (2006)

The use of a CSTD in the BSC in conjunction with standard HD preparation techniques significantly reduced cyclophosphamide surface contamination as compared to standard techniques alone. Preparation of fluorouracil outside the BSC using the CSTD did not result in significant analytically detectable contamination on the countertops.
An Essential Role of the Jak-2/STAT-3/Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 Axis in Platelet-derived Growth Factor BB-induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Motility (2004)

Platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) is a potent motogen for vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). To understand its motogenic signaling events, we have studied the role of the Janus-activated kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (Jak/STAT) pathway and cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)). PDGF-BB stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of Jak-2 and STAT-3 in a time-dependent manner in VSMCs. In addition, AG490 and Jak-2KEpRK5, a selective pharmacological inhibitor and a dominant negative mutant, respectively, of Jak-2, attenuated PDGF-BB-induced STAT-3 tyrosine phosphorylation and its DNA binding and reporter gene activities. PDGF-BB induced VSMC motility in a dose-dependent manner with a maximum effect at 10 ng/ml. Dominant negative mutant-dependent suppression of Jak-2 and STAT-3 blocked PDGF-BB-induced VSMC motility. PDGF-BB induced the expression of cPLA(2) in a Jak-2/STAT-3-dependent manner, and pharmacological inhibitors of cPLA(2) prevented PDGFBB-induced VSMC motility. Furthermore, either exogenous addition of arachidonic acid or forced expression of cPLA(2) rescued PDGF-BB-induced VSMC motility from inhibition by blockade of Jak-2 and STAT-3 activation. Together, these results for the first time show that PDGF-BB-induced VSMC motility requires activation of the Jak-2/STAT-3/cPLA(2) signaling axis.
Analysis of apoptosis in the preimplantation bovine embryo using TUNEL (1999)

The occurrence of cell death by apoptosis was examined in blastocyst and preblastocyst stage bovine embryos. Zygotes were obtained by in vitro maturation and in vitro fertilization of oocytes from abattoir derived ovaries. Two-cell to hatched blastocyst stage embryos were stained with propidium iodide to label all nuclei and by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated d-UTP nick end-labelling (TUNEL) to label apoptotic nuclei, and were analysed by epifluorescent and confocal microscopy. Apoptosis was first observed at the 9-16-cell stage of development, decreasing at the morula stage before increasing at the blastocyst stage. Apoptotic dead cell index in day 7 blastocysts was negatively correlated with the total number of cells; the percentage of dead cells ranged from approximately 1 to 10% and occurred predominantly within the inner cell mass. In addition, apoptotic dead cell index was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in blastocysts cultured (from the two-cell stage) in the presence of 10% fetal bovine serum compared with those developed in serum-free medium. Embryos selected for early cleavage at < 29 h after fertilization and cultured together until the blastocyst stage showed a significantly lower rate of apoptosis (P < 0.01) compared with slower cleaving embryos.
Effects of colony stimulating factor-1 on human extravillous trophoblast growth and invasion (1998)

Colony stimulating factor (CSF)-1 has been localized in a variety of tissues and shown to influence proliferation and differentiation of numerous cell types. Messenger RNA and protein products of CSF-1 and its receptor (c-fms) have been identified in the human placenta and decidua. We examined whether CSF-1 and c-fms mRNA and protein are expressed by normal human first trimester invasive extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells propagated in culture and whether CSF-1 influences proliferation and/or invasion of these cells. CSF-1 mRNA and protein expression was determined by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence microscopy. Proliferation was assessed by the cellular uptake of tritiated thymidine and invasion was evaluated by Matrigel invasion assay as well as Northern blot analysis of mRNA expression for invasion-associated enzymes and their inhibitors. Results revealed that normal invasive EVT cells in culture express both CSF-1 and c-fms mRNA and protein. Under serum-free conditions, exogenous CSF-1 greatly stimulated the proliferation of these cells. CSF-1 neutralizing and c-fms receptor blocking antibody (Ab) each abolished the growth stimulatory effects of CSF-1, indicating that CSF-1 and c-fms interaction was responsible for these effects. In fact, c-fms Ab alone reduced proliferation to below background levels. While exogenous CSF-1 failed to influence EVT cell invasiveness, Northern blot analysis of mRNA indicated a slight upregulation of the invasion-associated enzyme 72 kDa type IV collagenase as well as its natural inhibitor tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease (TIMP)-1, so that the balance between the two remained unaltered. These findings suggest that CSF-1 may represent an autocrine (and possibly paracrine) growth stimulatory factor for the invasive trophoblast cells in situ with no net effect on their invasiveness.
Interleukin-6/interleukin-6 receptor complex promotes osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (2018)

IL-6 and IL-6R levels increase during the osteogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs. These two molecules form a complex to activate the downstream STAT3 signaling pathway, which promotes osteogenic differentiation in BM-MSCs via an autocrine/paracrine feedback loop.
Microwave channelized active filters-a new modular approach to achieving compactness and high selectivity (1996)

The new class of microwave active filters being presented offers a convenient way to realize miniature filter circuits with sharp passband-to-stopband transitions. The approach, which lends itself to a broad range of narrowband and wideband filtering applications, involves parallel connections of frequency-selective, unilateral network branches that contain both passive and active subcircuits. Highly selective filtering action derives from controlled interferences among branch signal components. Attributes of the new technique include unconditional circuit stability, tolerance for large passive-circuit-element losses, practicability of narrowband lumped-element configurations, graceful performance degradation with active element parameter changes, and the advantage of module-based procedures for design and implementation. The broad applicability of the new approach is illustrated with three experimental demonstration circuits that employ off-the-shelf MMIC amplifier chips. The circuits comprise a 10-GHz notch filter of one quarter percent bandwidth, a 10-GHz bandpass filter of two percent bandwidth, and a 7.5-GHz lowpass filter.
Aspects of Pathogenesis of Serious Group A Streptococcal Infections in Sweden, 1988-1989 (1992)

Serotypes of serious, sometimes fatal, streptococcal infections in Sweden during 1988-1989 were analyzed. The T1M1 type totally dominated, representing almost 70% of all group A streptococci from serious and uncomplicated infections at the peak of the outbreak. Immunoblots of isolates from various patient groups showed that all isolates produced high amounts of erythrogenic toxin (ET) B and high amounts of ET-C, whereas ET-A was released only in small amounts and from few isolates. ELISAs showed high antibody levels to these toxins and to the M1 antigen in patients with uncomplicated infections. Low antibody levels against M1 were seen in patients with bacteremia and in fatal cases; the latter also had low antibody levels against ET-B. It seems likely that a combination of production of large amounts of toxin and low antibody titers to it and to the M antigen of the infecting isolate are determining factors for the outcome of the infection. No signs of primary immune deficiency were noted.
Error Bounds for Algebraic Soft-Decision Decoding of Reed-Solomon Codes over Additive-Noise Channels (2007)

We bound the probability of error of Algebraic Soft-Decision Decoding (ASD) of Reed-Solomon codes in a discrete, memoryless, additive-noise channel. First, we derive an exponential error bound on the probability of list-decoding error that improves on the bound presented in [9]. However, our previous work [1] has shown that list-decoding error is not sufficient to adequately characterize ASD's performance. Thus, we redefine an error as the event that the decoder selects an erroneous codeword from its list, and we derive an exponential error bound for the probability of selection error.
Colloidally Prepared 3-Mercaptopropionic Acid Capped Lead Sulfide Quantum Dots (2015)

Colloidally suspended PbS quantum dots stabilized with 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA) were prepared via solution ligand exchange. The optical properties of the as-prepared colloidal QDs were investigated by absorption and emission spectroscopy. The 3-MPA exchanged QDs luminesced with intensities comparable to oleate capped PbS QDs. The nanocrystal ligand chemistry was investigated by solution 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, which indicated a dynamic ligand shell undergoing rapid exchange. Optical properties of the QD colloid evolved over time and were correlated to the oxidative conversion of 3-MPA into dithiodipropionic acid (DTDPA) in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) observed by NMR.
Elevated cytosolic phospholipase A2 expression and activity in human neutrophils during sepsis (2000)

Sepsis is defined as the systemic inflammatory response to infection. Phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) plays an important role in inflammation processes by initiating the production of inflammatory mediators. The role of cytosolic PLA (cPLA(2)) has not yet been identified in inflammatory and infectious disease clinical settings. The aim of the present research was to determine whether cPLA(2) activity has a role during sepsis. Since neutrophil activation has been documented during sepsis, these cells were chosen as a model to evaluate the function of cPLA(2) in this clinical setting. cPLA(2 )was studied at 3 levels: activity, protein expression, and messenger RNA (mRNA). Neutrophils from 32 septic patients with and without bacteremia were examined. cPLA(2) activity was measured using labeled phosphatidyl choline vesicles as a substrate, and total PLA(2) was determined by the release of labeled arachidonic acid from prelabeled cells. A significant increase in cPLA(2) activity, protein expression, and total PLA(2) activity in neutrophils was detected during sepsis. mRNA levels, detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, were significantly higher during sepsis, indicating that the increase in the amount of cPLA(2) is regulated on the mRNA level. The significant elevation of cPLA(2) activity and expression in neutrophils during sepsis suggests that this enzyme plays a major role in neutrophil function in this clinical setting. (Blood. 2000;95:660-665)
Evolution of In Situ Oil Sands Recovery Technology: What Happened and What’s New? (2011)

Abstract Over the past 50 years, in-situ recovery methods for oil sands reservoirs have evolved and the patent literature is rich with different well designs, operating conditions, and recovery mechanisms. Here, the patent and literature has been analyzed to understand those features of in-situ recovery technologies that persisted through time. Over 250 hundred patents covering different well designs and injectants have been examined. A simple example of a persistent technology is the horizontal well: Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) is enabled by horizontal well technology; the vertical equivalent of SAGD is not feasible as an economic recovery process. Cyclic steam stimulation (CSS) and steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) are now over two decades old since invention and at this point there are few new technologies on the table which are being researched or evaluated. Most new technologies, for example, thermal-solvent, electrical heating with solvents, and toe-to-heel combustion are incremental adds on existing technology ideas proposed in the patent literature years to decades ago. Here, an analysis has been done to understand the evolution of in-situ oil sands recovery technology and what features have enabled economic recovery oil sands resources. The results reveal that a small number of features arising from the oil sands recovery process ideas dreamed, proposed, and developed over the past 50 years account for the success of current commercial oil sands recovery methods.
CaptureMe: Attacking the User Credential in Mobile Banking Applications (2015)

Recently, the wide use of smart devices (phones and tablets) encourage financial institution to consider mobile banking applications as a necessity service to their clients. In this paper, we propose a screenshot attack to investigate the security risks of the password visibility feature on Android platform with the mobile banking applications. In CaptureMe attack we used different known techniques to take screenshot images and we applied highly efficient Optical Character Recognition (OCR) analysis using tesseract-ocr engine to extract the user credential from the taken screenshot images. We also explore the possible protection mechanisms against CaptureMe with more than 130 mobile banking applications exist in Google play store.
Use of Flash Glucose-Sensing Technology for 12 months as a Replacement for Blood Glucose Monitoring in Insulin-treated Type 2 Diabetes (2017)

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT02082184.
Fibrinolysis in patients with acute ischaemic heart disease. With particular reference to systemic effects of tissue-type plasminogen activator treatment on fibrinolysis, coagulation and complement pathways. (1993)

The plasminogen activator systems in the blood, the coagulation system, and the complement pathways are reviewed. The review describes the role of the vascular intima in activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis and the interrelations between the complement system and haemostatic mechanisms. Physiological activation of fibrinolysis may be triggered by and limited to fibrin because of a special affinity of plasminogen and plasminogen activators. The binding of plasminogen to fibrin is regulated by histidine-rich glycoprotein, and the primary physiological inhibitor of generated plasmin is alpha 2-antiplasmin and especially the plasminogen-binding form of this immediate plasmin inhibitor. Plasminogen activator inhibitors in the blood, that is, notably plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1), bind circulating tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA). However, local fibrinolysis in vivo mediated by t-PA may be independent of complex formation between plasminogen activator inhibitors and t-PA in the fluid phase. Circulating plasminogen activator inhibitors might regulate fibrinolysis by increasing the clearance of t-PA from the blood. The urokinase-type and factor XII-dependent fibrinolytic proactivator system can be activated following t-PA-mediated generation of plasmin, and could thus serve as an amplification system of t-PA-induced fibrinolysis. It is claimed that the as yet uncharacterized proactivator is essential for optimal generation of plasminogen activator activity by the factor XII-dependent fibrinolytic system. The normal antithrombotic condition of the vascular intima probably results from lack of tissue factor activity and the presence of significant antithrombotic components comprising, among others, antithrombin III and the protein C-protein S system. A number of pathophysiologic stimuli, notably mediators of the acute phase response such as the cytokines interleukin-1 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (cachectin), have the potential to induce the vascular endothelium to express procoagulant activity. Vascular endothelium promoting coagulant activity releases increased amounts of t-PA antigen and PAI-1 antigen into the circulation, and elevated levels in the blood of both may be regarded as a marker of a generalized procoagulant condition involving the vascular endothelium. In a prospective study in patients with unstable angina pectoris, patients in whom disease progresses and acute myocardial infarction develops, have increased amounts of t-PA antigen and PAI-1 antigen in the blood. This suggests that the procoagulant potential and atherosclerotic process of the vascular intima is more pronounced in the risk group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)