gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cloud computing security considerations (2011)

Cloud computing is a new way of delivering computing resources and is not a new technology. It is an internet based service delivery model which provides internet based services, computing and storage for users in all markets including financial health care and government. This new economic model for computing has found fertile ground and is attracting massive global investment. Although the benefits of cloud computing are clear, so is the need to develop proper security for cloud implementations. Cloud security is becoming a key differentiator and competitive edge between cloud providers. This paper discusses the security issues that arise in a cloud computing frame work. It focuses on technical security issues arising from the usage of cloud services and also provides an overview of key security issues related to cloud computing with the view of a secure cloud architecture environment.
A study of time-domain FXLMS algorithms with control output constraint (2001)

A single input, single output active noise control system using the time-domain Filtered-X LMS algorithm with output constraint is investigated. The constraint on the output of the control filter is applied by three different methods: the leakage algorithm based on the transformation method using a penalty function; the re-scaling algorithm based on the active set method; and the simple practical (clipping) algorithm which just clips the output if a constraint is encountered. A comparison of the three algorithms shows that the re-scaling algorithm can usually work successfully under the constraint, while the leakage algorithm usually needs a large leakage coefficient to satisfy the constraint with a resulting performance loss. The clipping algorithm has potential problems both with the stability and convergence speed.
Applied Spectroscopy News (2008)

Applied Spectroscopy News is a monthly feature in the journal. It includes information from the Society for Applied Spectroscopy, news from other societies and institutions, announcements of meetings, schools, or other activities, and reports of symposia from recent conferences. If you have news items, a meeting announcement, or a report from a symposium that would be of interest to readers of Applied Spectroscopy, contact Deborah K. Bradshaw, Applied Spectroscopy News Editor, P.O. Box 536307, Orlando, Florida 32853-6307, e-mail: d.k.bradshaw@att.net , Ph: (407) 898-3823.
Multipotency of clonal cells derived from swine periodontal ligament and differential regulation by fibroblast growth factor and bone morphogenetic protein (2009)

Periodontal ligament fibroblasts have the potential to differentiate not only into osteoblastic but also into vascular cell lineages. The destiny of the cells was reciprocally regulated by BMP-2 and FGF-2.
Critical drug appraisal: etidronate intermittent cyclic therapy for postmenopausal osteoporosis. (1996)

An overview of intermittent cyclical therapy with oral etidronate disodium in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis is given. Etidronate has been used successfully in the treatment of Paget's disease and for the prevention and treatment of heterotopic ossification after hip replacement and spinal cord injury. It is approved for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis in many European countries, Canada and Australia. Studies of such therapy indicate that etidronate significantly increases bone mass, reduces the risk of future vertebral fracture, and is safe and generally well tolerated.
Effects of radiation and chemotherapy on adipose stem cells: Implications for use in fat grafting in cancer patients (2021)

Autologous fat transplantation is a versatile tool in reconstructive surgery. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) increase survival of fat grafts and thus are increasingly used for breast reconstruction in breast cancer patients. However, radiation and/or chemotherapy have been proposed to inhibit soft tissue regeneration in wound healing thus suggesting alteration in stem cell pathways. Therefore, elucidating effects of radiation and chemotherapy on ASCs is critical if one desires to enhance the survival of fat grafts in patients. This review outlines our work evaluating the function and recoverability of ASCs from radiation or chemotherapy patients, focusing specifically on their availability as a source of autologous stem cells for fat grafting and breast reconstruction in cancer patients. Even though evidence suggests radiation and chemotherapy negatively influence ASCs at the cellular level, the efficiency of the isolation and differentiation capacity did not appear influenced in patients after receiving chemotherapy treatment, although fat from radiated patients exhibited significantly altered ASC differentiation into endothelial-like cells. Further, the <i>in vitro</i> growth rates of patient's ASCs do not differ significantly before or after treatment. Taken together, these studies suggest ASCs as an important new tool for grafting and reconstruction even when radiation and chemotherapy treatment are involved.
Characterization of the Divergent <i>sacBK</i> and <i>sacAR</i> Operons, Involved in Sucrose Utilization by <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> (1999)

The divergently transcribed sacBK and sacAR operons, which are involved in the utilization of sucrose by Lactococcus lactis NZ9800, were examined by transcriptional and gene inactivation studies. Northern analyses of RNA isolated from cells grown at the expense of different carbon sources revealed three sucrose-inducible transcripts: one of 3.2 kb containing sacB and sacK, a second of 3.4 kb containing sacA and sacR, and a third of 1.8 kb containing only sacR. The inactivation of the sacR gene by replacement recombination resulted in the constitutive transcription of the sacBK and sacAR operons in the presence of different carbon sources, indicating that SacR acts as a repressor of transcription.
Stray inductance estimation with detailed model of the IGBT module (2013)

Stray inductances cause various problems in a power inverter and should be appraised and minimized at an early design stage to avoid later required countermeasures and redesign after the device prototype has been built. The stray inductances of the commutation loops of an Active Neutral Point Clamped (ANPC) inverter are estimated in this paper. Detailed model of the Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) module is created to improve the accuracy of the stray inductance calculation. The influence of the coupling between the IGBT modules and between the IGBT modules and the busbars on the commutation loop inductance is considered. The partial inductances of the components of the commutation loops are estimated by AnSYS Q3D parasitic extractor to calculate the total stray inductance. It is found that the commutation loop inductances of the studied ANPC inverter are overestimated by neglecting the couplings between the IGBT modules and between the IGBT modules and the busbars.
Stimulation of in situ low intensity ultrasound on batch fermentation of <scp><i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i></scp> to enhance the <scp>GSH</scp> yield (2020)

Abstract In this study, an in situ 7.5 L ultrasonic fermentation tank was used to culture Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 30°C for 36 hr to explore the effects of low intensity ultrasound on the production of glutathione (GSH). Ultrasonic conditions of 28 kHz frequency, 28 W/L power density for fermentation time of 0–12 hr, 280 W/L power density for fermentation time of 12–36 hr, 3 s of interval and fixed frequency mode were used for the set‐up and a nonsonicated set‐up served as the control for the experiment. Results showed that ultrasound treatment increased total GSH production by 15.60% from a maximum value of 45.52 mg/L in the control to a maximum value of 52.62 mg/L in the sonicated sample. Also, intracellular and extracellular GSH productions in the sonicated sample increased by 5.60% and 42.92% respectively. Regular detection of the changes of biomass yield, residual sugar, dissolved oxygen and pH showed that sonication resulted in biomass increased by 7.25%, glucose consumption rate increased by 53.08% and dissolved oxygen content decreased by 41.67%. The biomass models of sonication and nonsonication treatments were established according to growth of S. cerevisiae showed that the model fitted well with Logistic regression in which the strain specific growth rate increased by 60.95% after sonication. GSH production model agreed with Luedeking‐Piret regression in which GSH synthesis parameters of sonication, α and β increased by 1.96% and 19.64% in comparison to the nonsonicated sample. This study clearly demonstrated that ultrasonic stimulation could improve the biosynthesis of GSH during fermentation. Practical Applications In this study, the GSH was producted by microbial fermentation in in situ 7.5 L ultrasonic fermentation tank. During the fermentation, sonication was applied to increasing yield of GSH. The results show that the study provides a theoretical basis for manufacture GSH combined with sonication industrialization. The fermentation kinetic model was established, which provided experimental basis for continous fermentation.
CD8+ T Cell Subsets and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (1999)

COPD is a debilitating and progressive condition in which the airways become irreversibly obstructed and the lungs progressively damaged. Unlike asthma, we know little about the cells that initiate and drive this process. Research has shown that CD8(+) T cells are overrepresented in the lungs of patients with COPD and that they are inversely related to lung function. However, not all CD8(+) T cells are alike and subsets that make IFN-gamma but not IL-4 (Tc1), IL-4 but not IFN-gamma (Tc2) as well as those that make both (Tc0) have been described. This article focuses on the characteristics of CD8(+) T cell subsets and considers their potential contribution to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Kemeny DM, Vyas B, Vukmanovic-Stejic M, Thomas M, Noble A, Loh LC, O'Connor BJ. CD8(+) T cell subsets and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Neuroprotective effects of PDGF against oxidative stress and the signaling pathway involved (2009)

The neuroprotective effects of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and the major signaling pathways involved in these were examined using primary cultured mouse cortical neurons subjected to H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative stress. The specific function of the PDGF beta-receptor (PDGFR-beta) was examined by the selective deletion of the corresponding gene using the Cre-loxP system in vitro. In wild-type neurons, PDGF-BB enhanced the survival of these neurons and suppressed H(2)O(2)-induced caspase-3 activation. The prosurvival effect of PDGF-AA was less than that of PDGF-BB. PDGF-BB highly activated Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38. PDGF-AA activated these molecules at lesser extent than PDGF-BB. In particular, PDGF-AA induced activation of Akt was at very low level. The neuroprotective effects of PDGF-BB were antagonized by inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K), mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK), JNK and p38. The PDGFR-beta-depleted neurons showed increased vulnerability to oxidative stress, and less responsiveness to PDGF-BB-induced cytoprotection and signal activation, in which Akt activation was most strongly suppressed. After all, these results demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of PDGF and the signaling pathways involved against oxidative stress. The effects of PDGF-BB were more potent than those of PDGF-AA. This might be due to the activation and additive effects of two PDGFRs after PDGF-BB stimulation. Furthermore, the PI3-K/Akt pathway that was deduced to be preferentially activated by PDGFR-beta may explain the potent effects of PDGF-BB.
An efficient method for automatic stereoscopic conversion (2008)

In this paper, we present an efficient method for automatic conversion from a monoscopic video to a stereoscopic video. Our method consists of two main steps: object segmentation and depth calculation. The proposed object segmentation algorithm is based on both image motion information and colour information, which can yield visually satisfactory results. The proposed depth calculation algorithm also considers the image motion information, along with an efficient algorithm for depth value correction. KLT tracker algorithm is adopted in this paper for robust and accurate motion estimation, and an approach is proposed to make KLT tracker algorithm more efficient. The experimental results show that our method can achieve good performance .
A Highly Energetic N‐Rich Metal–Organic Framework as a New High‐Energy‐Density Material (2015)

Metal-organic framework (MOF)-based energetic material [Cu3 (MA)2 (N3 )3 ] (1; MA=melamine) was synthesized and structurally characterized (47.55 % N). The structural analysis revealed the existence of unusual multiwalled tubular channels and interweaving of single and double helical units in 1. The standard molar enthalpy of formation was found to be 1788.73 kJ mol(-1) , which is the highest value among previously reported MOF-based energetic materials. The calculated detonation properties showed that 1 can be used as a potential explosive. Sensitivity tests revealed that 1 is insensitive and thus can function as a high-energy-density material with a favorable level of safety.
Rotating Injector for DI Diesel Engines:Analysis of the Combustion System with Regards to Swirl, Fuel, Boost and Fuel/Air-Equivalence Ratio (2000)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The injector in a DI diesel engine has been modified to allow rotation. The injector speed was varied within ± 4,000 rpm in the current study over 13 testpoints. Air swirl levels tested are 1.5 and 2.8.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Rotating the injector adds a free parameter to the combustion system and enables lowest possible smoke emission from each given loadpoint.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Smoke reduction up to 74% has been encountered. The mean reduction over all 10 testpoints with a swirl ratio of 1.5 is 55%. Increasing the air-swirl level decreases the smoke level with static injector. The further smoke reduction with counter-swirl rotation is significant albeit not as large as for the lower swirl case.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">A relationship between the injector speed and effective swirl ratio at TDC is strongly supported by the results and maximum spray stagnation onto the piston bowl wall explains the maximum smoke level when rotating co-swirl.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Both counter-swirl rotation and increased air-swirl decreases the ignition delay. Increased swirl leads to lower premixed peak whereas counter-swirl rotation increases the premixed peak. This shows that the rotating injector enhances the initial air/fuel mixing more than air-swirl do.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The sensitivity of smoke to changes in injector speed increases with:</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph"> <ul class="list nostyle"> <li class="list-item"><span class="li-label">a</span><div class="htmlview paragraph">Lower air swirl level.</div></li> <li class="list-item"><span class="li-label">b</span><div class="htmlview paragraph">Increasing engine load and fuel/air-equivalence ratio.</div></li> <li class="list-item"><span class="li-label">c</span><div class="htmlview paragraph">Decreasing aromatic content of the fuel.</div></li> <li class="list-item"><span class="li-label">d</span><div class="htmlview paragraph">Decreasing engine speed.</div></li> </ul> </div>
<title>Electron multiplying CCDs</title> (2003)

A novel CCD has been commercially produced by Marconi Applied Technology, UK under the trade name of L3Vision, and by Texas Instruments, USA under the trade name Impactron, both of which incorporate an all solid-state electron multiplying structure based on the Impact Ionisation phenomenon in silicon. This technology combines the single photon detection sensitivity of ICCDs with the inherent advantages of CCDs. Here we review the electron multiplying CCD (EMCCD) technology and compare it with scientific ICCDs. In particular we look at the effect of the Excess Noise Factors on the respective S/N performances. We compare QEs, spatial resolution, darksignal, EBI and Clock Induced Charge (CIC), with the latter two as the ultimate limitations on sensitivity. We conclude that the electron multiplying CCD is a credible alternative to ICCDs in all non-gated applications.
Form Follows Function (2007)

Strains of Prochlorococcus cyanobacteria contribute nearly half of the photosynthesis in the open ocean. Different ecotypes have distinct morphologies. The tiny and spherical MED4 strain holds a 1.66-Mb genome and appears to prefer surface waters. In contrast, the larger (2.41-Mb genome) and ovoid MIT9313 ecotype is abundant in deeper (>50 m) subtropical and tropical waters.
Performance of an automated radar target discrimination scheme using E pulses and S pulses (1993)

Previous studies have demonstrated the viability of natural resonance based target discrimination using extinction pulses (E pulses) and single-mode pulses (S pulses). These studies qualitatively demonstrated the principles of resonance annihilation by forcing the interrogating pulse to have zeros at the complex natural resonance frequencies of the target. Here a quantitative scheme for evaluating discrimination using the E pulse and the S pulse is given. The performance of an automated E-pulse and S-pulse discrimination scheme is evaluated using numerically derived scattering data with varying amounts of noise.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synthesis of tin(IV)-oxygen and -sulfur heterocycles and their transformation to tin(II) analogs (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of tin(IV)-oxygen and -sulfur heterocycles and their transformation to tin(II) analogsW. D. Honnick and J. J. ZuckermanCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1979, 18, 6, 1437–1443Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50196a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50196a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views87Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Comparative Study of Methods for Handheld Speaker Verification in Realistic Noisy Conditions (2006)

A number of methods have been studied and compared for their robustness for speaker verification using noisy speech samples. The methods include Wiener filtering, noise compensation, missing-feature technique, universal compensation, and their combinations. Strategies for combining different techniques are investigated, as a means of further improving noise robustness. A handheld-device database, collected in realistic conditions with noise corruption and transducer mismatch between training and testing, is used in the study. The various techniques and proposed combinations are compared within the same feature and model framework for characterizing the speakers. The experimental results indicate that: 1) usual noise filtering and noise compensation provided very limited robustness to noise corruption, and 2) the proposed technique combinations offered significantly improved noise robustness
Relation between Gas Permeabilities and Structure of Polyimides (1999)

In this study, several polyimides were prepared and the relation between their gas permeation properties and chemical structure was determined and compared with data from previous studies. Permeability coefficients and diffusion coefficients, D, of the polyimides were obtained by a time-lag method for He, CO2, O2, N2, and CH4. The correlation of log(D) vs. reciprocal fractional free volume was poor due to the polyimides having substituents, such as halogens, in the diamine unit. Better linear relations were observed for plots of log(D) vs. storage modulus and cohesive energy density for these polyimides. These results suggest that gas diffusivity is influenced by mobility of polymer chains due to intermolecular interaction. Gas molecules in the glassy polymers diffuse more easily as segmental mobility increases, and estimation of gas diffusivities may be possible by the use of factors such as cohesive energy density.
Effective variable switching point predictive current control for ac low-voltage drives (2014)

This paper presents an effective model predictive current control scheme for induction machines driven by a three-level neutral point clamped inverter, called variable switching point predictive current control. Despite the fact that direct, enumeration-based model predictive control (MPC) strategies are very popular in the field of power electronics due to their numerous advantages such as design simplicity and straightforward implementation procedure, they carry two major drawbacks. These are the increased computational effort and the high ripples on the controlled variables, resulting in a limited applicability of such methods. The high ripples occur because in direct MPC algorithms the actuating variable can only be changed at the beginning of a sampling interval. A possible remedy for this would be to change the applied control input within the sampling interval, and thus to apply it for a shorter time than one sample. However, since such a solution would lead to an additional overhead which is crucial especially for multilevel inverters, a heuristic preselection of the optimal control action is adopted to keep the computational complexity at bay. Experimental results are provided to verify the potential advantages of the proposed strategy.
Three-dimensional nano-HAp/collagen matrix loading with osteogenic cells in organ culture (1999)

Transplantation of osteogenic cells with a suitable matrix is one strategy for engineering bone tissue. Three-dimensional distribution and growth of cells within the porous scaffold are of clinical significance for the repair of large bony defects. A nano-HAp/collagen (nHAC) composite that mimics the natural bone both in composition and microstructure to some extent was employed as a matrix for the tissue engineering of bone. A porous nHAC composite was produced in sheet form and convolved to be a three-dimensional scaffold. Using organ culture techniques and the convolving method, we have developed three-dimensional osteogenic cells/nHAC constructs in vitro. Scanning electron microscopic and histological examination has demonstrated the development of the cells/material complex. Spindle-shaped cells migrating out of bone fragments continuously proliferated and migrated throughout the network of the coil. The porous nHAC scaffold provided a microenvironment resembling that seen in vivo, and cells within the composite eventually acquired a tridimensional polygonal shape. In addition, new bone matrix was synthesized at the interface of bone fragments and the composite.