gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supersonic Inlet Shaping for Dramatic Reductions in Drag and Sonic Boom Strength (2006)

An alternate approach has been identified for defining supersonic inlet compression surface geometry, the use of which increases the design latitude for lofting the inlet cowling region while permitting control over other key inlet design variables. Through this approach, a novel inlet design space is analytically shown to significantly improve supersonic aircraft performance and reduce sonic boom overpressure compared to high-speed inlets designed using traditional methods and constraints. Installed specific fuel consumption improvements of up to 11 percent and sonic boom overpressure reductions of 16 percent were observed for a podded axisymmetric external compression inlet designed for Mach 1.8 cruise. A theoretical discussion and physical description of the alternate inlet design concept is provided along with a summary of the analysis methodology used to judge the concept’s merit against conventional configurations. Inlet performance metrics, presented as a function of key design variables, are compared; and CFD solutions of the compression and diffusion flow environment are included. Drag characteristics at off-design Mach number are also presented. An extended range, low sonic boom vehicle concept is used as an aircraft study platform for which installed CFD-based drag and sonic boom comparisons are made.
Electrical Capacitance Volume Tomography: Design and Applications (2010)

This article reports recent advances and progress in the field of electrical capacitance volume tomography (ECVT). ECVT, developed from the two-dimensional electrical capacitance tomography (ECT), is a promising non-intrusive imaging technology that can provide real-time three-dimensional images of the sensing domain. Images are reconstructed from capacitance measurements acquired by electrodes placed on the outside boundary of the testing vessel. In this article, a review of progress on capacitance sensor design and applications to multi-phase flows is presented. The sensor shape, electrode configuration, and the number of electrodes that comprise three key elements of three-dimensional capacitance sensors are illustrated. The article also highlights applications of ECVT sensors on vessels of various sizes from 1 to 60 inches with complex geometries. Case studies are used to show the capability and validity of ECVT. The studies provide qualitative and quantitative real-time three-dimensional information of the measuring domain under study. Advantages of ECVT render it a favorable tool to be utilized for industrial applications and fundamental multi-phase flow research.
Hyperspectral interferometry for single-shot absolute measurement of two-dimensional optical path distributions (2010)

This article was published in the journal, Measurement Science and Technology [© IOP Publishing Ltd]. The definitive version is available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/21/7/075304
Adaptive heterogeneous scheduling for integrated GPUs (2014)

Many processors today integrate a CPU and GPU on the same die, which allows them to share resources like physical memory and lowers the cost of CPU-GPU communication. As a consequence, programmers can effectively utilize both the CPU and GPU to execute a single application. This paper presents novel adaptive scheduling techniques for integrated CPU-GPU processors. We present two online profiling-based scheduling algorithms: naïve and asymmetric. Our asymmetric scheduling algorithm uses low-overhead online profiling to automatically partition the work of data-parallel kernels between the CPU and GPU without input from application developers. It does profiling on the CPU and GPU in a way that it doesn't penalize GPU-centric workloads that run significantly faster on the GPU. It adapts to application characteristics by addressing: 1) load imbalance via irregularity caused by, e.g., data-dependent control flow, 2) different amounts of work on each kernel call, and 3) multiple kernels with different characteristics. Unlike many existing approaches primarily targeting NVIDIA discrete GPUs, our scheduling algorithm does not require offline processing.
Synthese und biologische Aktivität von Sarcodictyinen (1998)

Eine neue Klasse von potentiellen Antitumormitteln mit Taxol-artigem Wirkmechanismus sind die Sarcodictyine 1. Durch Modifikation der vorgestellten Synthesen von Sarcodictyinen wurden weitere Derivate hergestellt, deren biologische Eigenschaften stark von der Struktur abhängen.
High-Throughput Screening of Fouling-Release Properties: An Overview (2011)

Marine biofouling of ship hulls has significant cost, performance and environmental implications. Due to environmental concerns associated with traditional antifouling paints that mitigate fouling with the use of biocides, increasing research and development efforts have been made on fouling-release (FR) coatings. FR coatings do not actively deter settlement of marine organisms, but, instead, mitigate biofouling by minimizing the strength of adhesion. Ideally, an FR coating will allow the fouling community to be removed by simply running the vessel at relatively high speed. Traditional methods for characterizing FR properties involve immersion of relatively large samples in the ocean and waiting months for enough fouling to occur to enable reliable measurements to be made. To greatly enhance research and development relative to FR coatings, a combinatorial/high-throughput workflow was developed that includes a suite of FR laboratory assays involving marine bacteria, microalgae, and live, adult barnacles. The novel high-throughput FR measurement systems have been shown to allow for rapid screening of FR characteristics of miniaturized coating samples arranged in an array format.
ChemInform Abstract: INHIBITORS OF PHENYLETHANOLAMINE N‐METHYLTRANSFERASE AND EPINEPHRINE BIOSYNTHESIS. 1. CHLORO‐SUBSTITUTED 1,2,3,4‐TETRAHYDROISOQUINOLINES (1980)

Abstract Die Isochinoline (I) werden durch katalytische Hydrierung oder mit überschüssigem Diboran in Tetrahydrofuran zu den Tetrahydroisochinolinen (II) reduziert.
Mesoporous silica chips for selective enrichment and stabilization of low molecular weight proteome (2009)

The advanced properties of mesoporous silica have been demonstrated in applications, which include chemical sensing, filtration, catalysis, drug delivery and selective biomolecular uptake. These properties depend on the architectural, physical and chemical properties of the material, which in turn are determined by the processing parameters in evaporation-induced self-assembly. In this study, we introduce a combinatorial approach for the removal of the high molecular weight proteins and for the specific isolation and enrichment of low molecular weight species. This approach is based on mesoporous silica chips able to fractionate, selectively harvest and protect from enzymatic degradation, peptides and proteins present in complex human biological fluids. We present the characterization of the harvesting properties of a wide range of mesoporous chips using a library of peptides and proteins standard and their selectivity on the recovery of serum peptidome. Using MALDI-TOF-MS, we established the correlation between the harvesting specificity and the physicochemical properties of mesoporous silica surfaces. The introduction of this mesoporous material with fine controlled properties will provide a powerful platform for proteomics application offering a rapid and efficient methodology for low molecular weight biomarker discovery.
Role of SrRuO3 buffer layers on the superconducting properties of YBa2Cu3O7 films grown on polycrystalline metal alloy using a biaxially oriented MgO template (2002)

A SrRuO3 (SRO) buffer layer has been developed for growth of superconducting YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) thick films on polycrystalline metal substrates where a biaxially oriented MgO layer—produced by ion-beam-assisted deposition (IBAD)—was used as a template. By using such an architecture, we have routinely deposited YBCO films with an in-plane mosaic spread in the range of 3°–6° in full width at half maximum. A critical current density of 3.0×106 A/cm2 in self-field at 75 K for a film thickness of over 1.3 μm has been achieved. We believe that the SRO buffer layer plays a significant role in the much improved performance of YBCO conductors built on IBAD MgO. The features of SRO, such as good lattice match with both MgO and YBCO, excellent thermal stability in an oxidizing environment, and planarization of growing surface, make it the ideal choice as the buffer layer for high-performance superconductor coatings.
Breaking a paradigm: male-produced aggregation pheromone for the Colorado potato beetle (2002)

A male-produced aggregation pheromone was identified for the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). While male beetles produced only minor amounts of the pheromone, its production could be enhanced by topical application of juvenile hormone III (JH III) (eightfold), by antennectomy (40-fold) or by the combined treatment of JH III and antennectomy (almost 200-fold); this enhancement enabled the identification of the compound as (S)-3,7-dimethyl-2-oxo-oct-6-ene-1,3-diol [(S)-CPB I], a unique structure for an insect pheromone. Antennal receptors of both sexes responded selectively to the (S)-enantiomer. Both male and female Colorado potato beetles were attracted to serial source loads of (S)-CPB I in laboratory bioassays; (R)-CPB I was inactive or inhibitory, as demonstrated by the inactivity of the racemate. This is the first identification of a pheromone for the Colorado potato beetle and differs from the paradigm of a female-produced pheromone for this insect. The attractant is also the first male-produced pheromone identified for the Chrysomelidae. The discovery that both JH III and antennectomy increase levels of the pheromone (S)-CPB I indicates the existence of a feedback system involving antennal input, and this system may be under hormonal control.
Superior Terahertz Generation using Plasmon-Enhanced Sub-bandgap Photoconductive Antenna (2017)

We demonstrate eight times larger THz field emission with twice the bandwidth for a plasmon-enhanced low-temperature grown GaAs photoconductive antenna in comparison with a commercial InGaAs device at 1570 nm excitation.
Temperature profile of <i>ex-vivo</i> organs during radio frequency thermal ablation by fiber Bragg gratings (2016)

We report on the integration of fiber optic sensors with commercial medical instrumentation for temperature monitoring during radio frequency ablation for tumor treatment. A suitable configuration with five fiber Bragg grating sensors bonded to a bipolar radio frequency (RF) probe has been developed to monitor the area under treatment. A series of experiments were conducted on <italic<ex-vivo</italic< animal kidney and liver and the results confirm that we were able to make a multipoint measurement and to develop a real-time temperature profile of the area, with a temperature resolution of 0.1°C and a spatial resolution of 5 mm during a series of different and consecutive RF discharges.
I-FLICE, a Novel Inhibitor of Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-1- and CD-95-induced Apoptosis (1997)

The pivotal discovery that the death proteases caspase 8 (FLICE) and caspase 10 (Mch4/FLICE2) are recruited to the CD-95 and tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 signaling complexes suggested a mechanism used by these cytotoxic receptors to initiate apoptosis. In this report, we describe the cloning and characterization of I-FLICE, a novel inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor receptor-1- and CD-95-induced apoptosis. The overall architecture of I-FLICE is strikingly similar to that of FLICE and Mch4/FLICE2. However, I-FLICE lacks both a catalytic active site and residues that form the substrate binding pocket, in keeping with its dominant negative inhibitory function. I-FLICE is the first example of a catalytically inert caspase that can inhibit apoptosis.
Hologram recording in Du Ponts new photopolymer materials (1989)

New families of transmission and reflection holographic photopolymer materials and their performance are described. The materials are composed of polymeric binders, monomers, initiation system, and sensitizing dyes. By suitable choice of these ingredients, the materials can be customized in terms of their physical and holographic properties. Applications of the materials are discussed.
Overview of Taxol safety. (1993)

The safety profile of Taxol administered intravenously as a single agent has been established based on the experience of 655 patients. Of these patients, 253 were treated in nine phase I studies, and 402 were treated in eight disease-oriented phase II studies. Myelosuppression, specifically neutropenia, was the dose-limiting toxicity in all studies conducted in patients with solid tumors. Neutropenia was schedule dependent and was less severe when Taxol was administered via a 3-hour infusion. Severe hypersensitivity reactions were controlled in the phase II program with a premedication regimen consisting of dexamethasone, an antihistamine, and an H2 blocker. Cardiovascular toxicities were minimal and do not indicate constant electrocardiographic monitoring during Taxol infusions. Peripheral neuropathy was usually mild to moderate and dose related; however, it rarely caused treatment discontinuation. Additional adverse events associated with Taxol include arthralgia/myalgia, mucositis, nausea and vomiting, and alopecia.
Construction and characterization of chimeric and humanized forms of a broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody to HIV-1 (1994)

Murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) G3-519 has been shown to recognize a conserved neutralizing epitope in the fourth constant (C4) region of the external glycoprotein gp120 of HIV-1. Inasmuch as this antibody effectively neutralized the infectivity of diverse HIV-1 isolates, it has been selected to be developed for passive immunization against HIV-1 infection in humans. In order to minimize the problem of immunogenicity of murine antibodies and to confer additional accessory immune functions, we have constructed mouse/human chimeric and humanized forms of the antibody. The chimeric antibody was constructed by cloning the murine variable regions and replacing the mouse constant regions with those from human Ig gamma 1,kappa. The humanized antibody was constructed using the human KAS variable region framework sequences as template. Engineering was guided by a three dimensional model of the murine variable region. The murine, chimeric and humanized forms of the antibody exhibited similar reactivity with the peptidic antigen in ELISA, and comparably neutralized the infectivity of HIV-1 in vitro. Taken together, our results show that the chimeric and humanized forms of G3-519 essentially retain the binding activity of the mouse parental antibody. Clinical development is planned to assess the prophylactic and therapeutic usefulness of these reshaped antibodies in humans.
Thermoresponsive Injectable Microparticle–Gel Composites with Recombinant BMP-9 and VEGF Enhance Bone Formation in Rats (2019)

Bone morphogenetic protein-9 (BMP-9) has been shown to be the most osteogenic BMP. Most of these experiments, however, involve an adenovirus-transfection strategy. Here, we used the scaffold-based strategy to study the bone forming ability of recombinant BMP-9 combined with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). A robust, injectable, multicomponent-releasing scaffold in the form of a composite gel was developed by combining chitosan microparticles (MPs) with thermosensitive gel (MPs-gel). The MPs acted as the carriers for BMP-9 and the gel was loaded with VEGF. The developed gel consisted of hydrophobic chains of methyl cellulose (MC) and the cross-linked structures of alginate (Alg) and calcium. Gelation was achieved at physiological temperature and thus facilitated the injection and localization of MPs enabling an increased efficacy of incorporated growth factors at the target site. A release profile of incorporated growth factors over a two-week period showed higher release of VEGF at each time point compared to that of BMP-9. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) encapsulated within the MPs-gel maintained their viability. BMP-9 enhanced the proliferation of hMSCs along the surface of MPs. Furthermore, BMP-9 potently induced the osteogenic differentiation of encapsulated hMSCs elucidated by the increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the higher expression of ALP, collagen 1, and osteocalcin genes. In addition, <i>in vivo</i> experiments demonstrated that MPs-gel with the combination of BMP-9-VEGF could significantly enhance both subcutaneous and cranial bone formation (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Taken together, the results here strongly suggest that BMP-9-VEGF incorporated MPs-gel holds promise as an injectable bone tissue engineering platform.
Reflective color display using cholesteric liquid crystals (1998)

Abstract— A stacked‐type reflective color display using cholesteric liquid crystals has been developed. The display has high luminance and 512‐color capability. This device also has display‐image memory features without a field owing to its intermediate multi‐stability. We will discuss a new fast‐addressing scheme and device construction to obtain intermediate stability and excellent color‐display characteristics.
MON-002 The Effect of GNRHR Autoantibody on Reproduction Function and Insulin Signaling Intermediates in a New Animal Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (2020)

Abstract Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a metabolic and reproductive associated disease, defined as hyperandrogenism with reproductive dysfunction including menstrual disorder, anovulation, infertility, polycystic ovary and so on. We previously showed reported a high percentage of activating autoantibodies (AAb) directed toward the second extracellular loop (ECL2) of gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) in PCOS patients, and further demonstrated elevated GnRHR-autoantibody (GnRHR-AAb) could induced insulin resistance in energy storage and peripheral tissue in immunized animals. In the present study, we have now induced specific GnRHR-ECL2 AAb in rats and explored the underlying mechanisms of their resultant reproductive dysfunction. Methods: Sixteen SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: a GnRHR group (n=8) and a control group (n=8). Rats in the GnRHR group were immunized with GnRHR ECL2 peptide while the controls were not. Epitope mapping of GnRHR-ECL2-directed AAb was performed using octapeptide multipin solid-phase peptides. Rat estrus cycle was measured through pudendum appearance and vaginal smears. Ovarian and pituitary tissues were collected to observe ovarian morphological changes, to examine the expressions of proteins and genes of insulin signaling pathway by Quantitative real-time PCR respectively. The concentration of inflammatory cytokines in the ovary was detected by Bio-plex Pro™ magnetic bead-based assays on the Bio-plex®. Results: The GnRHR-AAb titers and activity in the GnRHR group were significantly higher than the control group, and the GnRHR-AAb from the immunized rats reacted predominantly with the peptide sequence FSQCVTHC of the GnRHR-ECL2. Numbers of LH pulses and concentration of testosterone in GnRHR group were significantly higher than control group. The GnRHR group exhibited lower frequency of in the appearance of proestrus and estrous phases while the control group represented had a higher frequency in the appearance of metestrus and diestrus stages on estrus cyclicity. The GnRHR-immunized group showed demonstrated increased atretic follicles, decreased corpora lutea, loosely packed granulosa cells, and thecal cell hyperplasia in ovarian tissue compared with controls group. There was GnRHR group represented increased expressions of IRS-1, PI3K and GLUT-1 in ovarian and pituitary tissues compared with control group. However, no obvious changes of inflammatory cytokines are observed in ovarian tissues between two groups. Conclusion: Chronic elevated GnRHR-AAb exerts induced reproductive dysfunction through increased ovarian LH secretion and androgen production, thus likely leading to compensatory hyperinsulinemia which ultimately enhanced insulin signaling in reproductive tissues to exert more and androgen production to, which may provide a novel etiological mechanism for PCOS.
Convergent Synthesis of the ABCDE‐Ring Fragment of the Caribbean Ciguatoxin C‐CTX‐1. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Muse (2008)

Schema mappings are logical assertions that specify the relationships between a source and a target schema in a declarative way. The specification of such mappings is a fundamental problem in information integration. Mappings can be generated by existing mapping systems (semi-)automatically from a visual specification between two schemas. In general, the well-known 80-20 rule applies for mapping generation tools. They can automate 80% of the work, covering common cases and creating a mapping that is close to correct. However, ensuring complete correctness can still require intricate manual work to perfect portions of the mapping.
Sol-Gel Material-Enabled Electro-Optic Polymer Modulators (2015)

Sol-gels are an important material class, as they provide easy modification of material properties, good processability and are easy to synthesize. In general, an electro-optic (EO) modulator transforms an electrical signal into an optical signal. The incoming electrical signal is most commonly information encoded in a voltage change. This voltage change is then transformed into either a phase change or an intensity change in the light signal. The less voltage needed to drive the modulator and the lower the optical loss, the higher the link gain and, therefore, the better the performance of the modulator. In this review, we will show how sol-gels can be used to enhance the performance of electro-optic modulators by allowing for designs with low optical loss, increased poling efficiency and manipulation of the electric field used for driving the modulator. The optical loss is influenced by the propagation loss in the device, as well as the losses occurring during fiber coupling in and out of the device. In both cases, the use of sol-gel materials can be beneficial due to the wide range of available refractive indices and low optical attenuation. The influence of material properties and synthesis conditions on the device performance will be discussed.
Improved Simultaneous Multi-Slice Imaging for Perfusion Cardiac MRI Using Outer Volume Suppression and Regularized Reconstruction (2020)

Perfusion cardiac MRI (CMR) is a radiation-free and noninvasive imaging tool which has gained increasing interest for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. However, resolution and coverage are limited in perfusion CMR due to the necessity of single snap-shot imaging during the first-pass of a contrast agent. Simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) imaging has the potential for high acceleration rates with minimal signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) loss. However, its utility in CMR has been limited to moderate acceleration factors due to residual leakage artifacts from the extra-cardiac tissue such as the chest and the back. Outer volume suppression (OVS) with leakage-blocking reconstruction has been used to enable higher acceleration rates in perfusion CMR, but suffers from higher noise amplification. In this study, we sought to augment OVS-SMS/MB imaging with a regularized leakage-blocking reconstruction algorithm to improve image quality. Results from highly-accelerated perfusion CMR show that the method improves upon SMS-SPIRiT in terms of leakage reduction and split slice (ss)-GRAPPA in terms of noise mitigation.