gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An RF-to-BB-Current-Reuse Wideband Receiver With Parallel N-Path Active/Passive Mixers and a Single-MOS Pole-Zero LPF (2014)

N-path passive-mixer-first receivers suffer from a tight tradeoff between noise figure (NF), linearity and power due to no RF gain. This paper describes an extensively-current-reuse wideband receiver exploiting parallel N-path active/passive mixers. The key features are: 1) a stacked RF-to-BB front-end with an 8-path active mixer realizing RF amplification, harmonic-recombination (HR) downconversion and BB filtering in the current domain for better linearity and power efficiency; 2) a feedforward 8-path passive mixer enabling LO-defined input impedance matching without external components, while offering frequency-translated bandpass filtering and noise cancelling; 3) a single-MOS pole-zero low-pass filter (LPF) permitting both RF and BB filtering at low voltage headroom consumption, while easing the tradeoff between the in-/out-of-band linearity, and 4) a BB-only two-stage HR amplifier boosting the third and fifth harmonic rejection ratios (HRR 3,5 ) with low hardware intricacy. Measurements over the TV bands (0.15 to 0.85 GHz) manifest favorable NF (4.6 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\pm$</tex> </formula> 0.9 dB) and out-of-band IIP2/IIP3 (+61/+17.4 dBm) at small power (10.6 to 16.2 mW) and area (0.55 mm 2 ). The HRR 2-6 are > 51 dB without any calibration or tuning. The ultimate out-of-band P –1dB is > +2.5 dBm. The BB stopband rejection is > 86 dB at 150 MHz offset.
26.2: Motion‐Adaptive Alternating Gamma Drive for Flicker‐Free Motion‐Blur Reduction in 100/120 Hz LCD‐TV (2008)

Abstract LCD motion blur is a well‐known phenomenon and several approaches have been developed to address it. This includes very high performing approaches based on Motion‐Compensated Frame‐Rate‐Conversion (MC‐FRC) and very low cost approaches based on impulsive driving. Impulsive driving schemes are attractive because of their low cost but suffer from two significant issues — loss of luminance and large area flicker. We propose a new impulsive driving approach using Motion‐Adaptive Alternate Gamma Driving (MA‐AGD) which removes motion blur and preserves the original luminance level without causing large area flicker.
A Low-Cost GPS-Based Wave Height and Direction Sensor for Marine Safety (2004)

Predicting the development, decay and propagation of ocean waves is essential to allow maritime operations to be carried out safely and economically. A low cost wave height and direction sensor that can be deployed in the open sea is expected to improve the accuracy of wave prediction. We propose a new method for measuring wave height and direction by installing a point-positioning GPS receiver on a buoy placed in the open sea. The essential idea of measuring wave height with centimeter accuracy depends on the fact that the most of the spectrum of GPS point-positioning error exists in the frequency domain below 0.01 Hz, but the frequency spectrum of ocean waves is in a separate band at around 0.1 Hz. Therefore, a sophisticated high-pass filter can extract the movements of a GPS equipped buoy excited by ocean waves with minimum effect of GPS point-positioning error. The three-dimensional GPS positioning data also enables us to measure wave direction. Our proposed system has been already adopted by the Japan Meteorological Agency as the world’s first GPS-based wave height and direction measuring system. This paper presents the concept of the point-positioning GPS-based wave sensor, the algorithms for filtering and extracting wave data, and the results of field trials carried out in the open sea.
The identification of vesicular glutamate transporter 3 suggests novel modes of signaling by glutamate (2002)

Quantal release of the principal excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate requires a mechanism for its transport into secretory vesicles. Within the brain, the complementary expression of vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) 1 and 2 accounts for the release of glutamate by all known excitatory neurons. We now report the identification of VGLUT3 and its expression by many cells generally considered to release a classical transmitter with properties very different from glutamate. Remarkably, subpopulations of inhibitory neurons as well as cholinergic interneurons, monoamine neurons, and glia express VGLUT3. The dendritic expression of VGLUT3 by particular neurons also indicates the potential for retrograde synaptic signaling. The distribution and subcellular location of VGLUT3 thus suggest novel modes of signaling by glutamate.
Research on Risk Assessment Method of Distribution Network with Distributed Generation Based on Latin Hypercube Sampling (2019)

With the access of distributed generation (DG), the structure of distribution network will be changed. Due to intermittent and randomness of the output of DG, it will bring risk to distribution system. In order to realize risk quantitative assessment of distribution network with DG, the outage model of DG and other component of distribution network are built firstly. Second, Latin hypercube sampling method which has smaller variance and faster convergence is proposed to sample and sort the system states. Then a risk assessment process with island isolation of distribution network with DG is proposed. According to the sampling result, the risk indexes are calculated and the risk level classification criteria is proposed in the paper. Finally, the rationality and effectiveness of blackout risk assessment method is verified with IEEE 39-bus distribution network. The simulation results show that the proposed method has smaller variance and faster convergence.
Factors Affecting the Sensitivity of <i>Limulus</i> Lysate (1974)

Limulus lysate clots when mixed with picogram quantities of endotoxins. The sensitivity of the lysate was improved 100-fold by the removal of an inhibitor and addition of divalent cations. The methods developed in this investigation eliminated much of the seasonable variability of the lysate, improved the heat stability after lyophilization, and made it possible to use the lysate with saline solutions.
Encapsulation Methods for Transport of packets over an MPLS PSN - efficient for IP/MPLS (2011)

A Packet Pseudowire (PPW) must be able to carry a packet of any
protocol that can be carried over Ethernet. In many cases IP and MPLS
are the pre-dominant protocols on a PPW transported over an MPLS PSN.
Other protocols are used mainly for control purposes. In such a
scenario it is highly beneficial to make IP/MPLS encapsulation
efficient. This document defines such an encapsulation while retaining
the ability to exchange packets of any other protocol over the PPW.
Characterization of the Soluble Allergenic Proteins of Cashew Nut (<i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L.) (2002)

The allergens associated with cashew food allergy have not been well-characterized. We sought to identify the major allergens in cashew nut by performing IgE immunoblots to dissociated and reduced or nonreduced cashew protein extracts, followed by sequencing of the peptides of interest. Sera from 15 subjects with life-threatening reactions to cashews and 8 subjects who tolerate cashews but have life-threatening reactions to other tree nuts were compared. An aqueous cashew protein extract containing albumin/globulin was separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and subjected to IgE immunoblotting using patient sera. Selected IgE reactive bands were subjected to N-terminal amino acid sequencing. Each of the 15 sera from cashew-allergic subjects showed IgE binding to the cashew protein extract. The dominant IgE-binding antigens in the reduced preparations included peptides in the 31-35 kD range, consistent with the large subunits of the major storage 13S globulin (legumin-like protein). Low-molecular-weight polypeptides of the 2S albumin family, with similarity to the major walnut allergen Jug r 1, also bound IgE. The sera from eight patients who tolerate cashew but displayed allergies to other tree nuts showed only minimal or no IgE binding to cashew. Cashew food allergy is associated with the presence of IgE directed against the major seed storage proteins in cashew, including the 13S globulin (legumin group) and 2S albumins, both of which represent major allergen classes in several plant seeds. Thus, the legumin-group proteins and 2S albumins are again identified as major food allergens, which will help further research into seed protein allergenicity.
Envelope tracking techniques (2019)

The growing demand for high data rate cellular systems has pushed the adoption of 4G/5G Long-Term Evolution (LTE) which uses high peak-to-average power (PAPR) modulation schemes. 5G will bring high data capacity and low latency using the sub-6 GHz and mm-wave spectrum. The increased adoption of powerful worldwide smart phones has been in part possible due to increase of CMOS technology in lower feature nodes as FinFET 7 nm/14 nm. This has made possible the adoption of “old” techniques such as envelope tracking (ET) into smart phones. The ET technique was mentioned back in 1952 by Leonard R. Kahn who introduced a related technique, envelope elimination and restoration (EER). Envelope tracking improves the linearity and efficiency RF for power amplifiers, typically the most power-hungry components in a wireless transmitter. With explosive band proliferation as well as the use of carrier aggregation (CA) and multiple input multiple output (MIMO) techniques, the research area of improving the cost, size, and the performance of the RF transmit solution is very active.
Towards highest spectral efficiency: Optical sinc-shaped Nyquist pulses generation from rectangular frequency comb (2014)

In this paper, we review a method to produce optical sinc-shaped Nyquist pulses with unprecedented quality. The method is based on the synthesis of a rectangular shaped and phase-locked frequency comb from a combination of intensity modulators. The result is a highly flexible pulse generator that can easily be integrated in already installed communication systems. All-optical pulse shaping methods for highest spectral efficiencies are attractive since high-bitrate spectrally efficient channels can be combined into multiple Tbit/s superchannels, enabling ultrahigh data transmission rates and a simultaneous ultrahigh spectral efficiency. Ideal sinc-shaped Nyquist pulses thus unlock the path towards minimal inter-symbol interference and no-guard band wavelength multiplexing. Here we will report on the generation, modulation and multiplexing of the sinc-shaped pulses obtained while using off-the-shelf components.
Study of lasing action based on Förster energy transfer in optically pumped organic semiconductor thin films (1998)

We present a study of optically pumped waveguide and microcavity lasers based on vacuum-deposited thin films of small molecular weight organic semiconductors. Lasing action in waveguide lasers is characterized by high output peak power (50 W), high differential quantum efficiency (70%), low lasing threshold (1 μJ/cm2), and long operational lifetime (&gt;106 laser pulses at 100 times the threshold pump power). Microcavity laser characteristics include 3 W peak output power, 300 μJ/cm2 lasing threshold, and lifetimes of &gt;106 pump laser pulses (operating at 6 times the threshold power). We demonstrate wavelength variability from 460 to 700 nm by changing the composition of the organic films. The confinement of excitations on the dopant molecules leads to quantum dot-like behavior such as high temperature stability of the lasing threshold, output power, and emission wavelength in the temperature range from 0 to 140 °C. The linewidth of laser emission from microcavity structures is found to be 0.2±0.1 Å and is transform limited by 40 ps long relaxation oscillations. We present a theoretical estimate for the linewidth of organic semiconductor laser emission which is found to be at least an order of magnitude smaller than for inorganic laser diodes. The prospects for realizing electrically pumped organic semiconductor lasers are considered.
Multi-Quadrant Surgical Robot for Single Incision Laparoscopic Colectomy (2013)

Colorectal surgery is an area of active research within general surgery. However, over 80% of these procedures currently require an open surgery based on the size and location of the tumor. The current state-of-the-art surgical instruments are unintuitive, restricted by the incision site, and often require timely repositioning tasks during complex surgical procedures. A multi-quadrant miniature in vivo surgical robot has been developed to mitigate these limitations as well as the invasiveness of colorectal procedures. By reducing invasiveness, the patient benefits from improved cosmetics, decreased postoperative pain, faster recovery time, and reduced financial burden. A paradigm shift in invasiveness is often inversely proportional to surgeon benefits. Yet, through the use of a robotic device, the surgeon benefits from improved ergonomics, intuitive control, and fewer required repositioning tasks. This paper presents a two armed robotic device that can be controlled from a remote surgical interface. Each arm has six internally actuated degrees of freedom, decoupling the system from the incision site. Each arm is also equipped with a specialized interchangeable end effector. For the surgical procedure, visual feedback is provided through the use of a standard laparoscope with incorporated light source. The robotic device is introduced into the abdominal cavity through a hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery (HALS) port that is placed within the navel. The device is then grossly positioned to the site of interest within the abdominal cavity through the use of a protruding rod that is rigidly attached to each arm. The surgeon can then begin to manipulate tissue through the use of the surgical interface that is remotely located within the operating room. This interface is comprised of a monitor to provide visual feedback, foot pedals to control the operational state of the device, and two haptic devices to control the end point location of each arm and state of the end effectors.
Genetic Analysis of Biosynthesis of Polyketide Anthelmintic Macrolide Avermectin in Streptomyces avermitilis. (1999)

Within the 82 kb biosynthetic gene cluster for polyketide anthelmintic macrolide avermectin, the central 65 kb segment was found to be required for aglycon biosynthesis. Analysis of a 82 kb segment DNA from avermectin producer, Streptomyces avermitilis, revealed that it contains four large open reading frames (ORFs) encoding giant multifunctional polypeptides of the avermectin type-I polyketide synthase (AVES 1, AVES 2, AVES 3 and AVES 4). These clustered polyketide synthase genes responsible for avermectin biosynthesis together encode 12 homologous sets of enzyme activities (modules), each catalyzing a specific round of polyketide chain elongation and modification of β-carbon. The clustered genes encoding polyketide synthase are organized as two sets of six modular repeats, aveA1-aveA2 and aveA3-aveA4, which are convergently transcribed. The total of 55 constituent active sites were found in these four polyketide synthases but among two domains would not be functional in the process of the polyketide-chain elongation. The biosynthetic gene cluster for avermectin contains 14 additional open reading frames, some of which encode polypeptides governing other key steps in avermectin biosynthesis. Between the two sets of polyketide synthase genes lie two genes involved in postpolyketide modification. On the right of the large polyketide synthase genes is a set of genes involved in biosynthesis of methylated deoxysugar, L-oleandrose, and its transglycosylation to polyketide-derived aglycons. This cluster includes nine genes but one is not functional in the biosynthesis of avermectin. On the left side of polyketide synthase genes, Two open reading frames encoding methyltransferase and non-polyketide synthase ketoreductase involved in post- polyketide modification are located and an adjacent gene encodes a regulatory function which may be involved in activation of the transcription of avermectin biosynthetic genes.
X-alignment techniques for improving the observability of response compactors (2009)

Despite the advantages of performing response compaction in Integrated-Circuit (IC) testing, unknown response bits (x's) inevitably reflect into loss in test quality. The distribution of these x's within the captured response, which varies for each test pattern, directly impacts the number of scan cells observed through the response compactor. In this work, we propose a two-dimensional X-alignment technique in order to judiciously manipulate the distribution of x's in the test response prior to its compaction. The controlled response manipulation is performed on a per pattern basis, in the form of scan chain delay and intra-slice rotate operations, and with the objective that x's are aligned within as few scan slices and chains as possible. Consequently, a larger number of scan cells are observed after compaction for any test pattern. The computation of the control data, i.e., rotate and delay bits, is formulated as a MAX-SAT problem, and efficient heuristics are provided. The proposed technique is test set independent, leading to a generic, simple, and cost-effective hardware implementation. The X-alignment technique can be utilized with any response compactor to manipulate the x-distribution in favor of the compactor, thus improving the test quality.
Cancer vaccines 2004 opening address: the molecular and cellular basis of cancer immunosurveillance and immunoediting. (2005)

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), whose expression is upregulated in poorly differentiated, metastatic, and hormone refractory prostate cancer, could be targeted by gene-based vaccines. The aim of this study was to characterize the humoral immune response against PSMA in prostate carcinoma patients who have been vaccinated against PSMA with gene-based vaccines. Sera from prostate cancer patients who had been immunized repeatedly with plasmid DNA and a recombinant adenoviral vector, both carrying an expression cassette for human PSMA, and sera from healthy donors were tested for anti-PSMA antibodies by Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence. PSMA-producing LNCaP cells, recombinant PSMA protein, and a specific antibody against PSMA were used as positive controls. Specific anti-PSMA antibodies were detected by both Western blot and immunofluorescence in the sera of patients who had been vaccinated against PSMA with plasmid and recombinant adenoviral vectors. The specificity of the anti-PSMA antibodies was confirmed by preincubation and blocking experiments. Positive reactions were detected in 86% of the vaccinated prostate cancer patients. Anti-PSMA antibodies were not detected either in the patients' sera prior to vaccination or in the sera from healthy men and women. These data demonstrate that PSMA, a specific marker for prostate cancer, is a target for humoral immune response induced by gene-based PSMA vaccination. Detection of anti-PSMA antibodies by immunoblot analysis and by indirect immunofluorescence could be used to monitor the vaccination effect.
Controlling spin current polarization through non-collinear antiferromagnetism (2020)

The interconversion of charge and spin currents via spin-Hall effect is essential for spintronics. Energy-efficient and deterministic switching of magnetization can be achieved when spin polarizations of these spin currents are collinear with the magnetization. However, symmetry conditions generally restrict spin polarizations to be orthogonal to both the charge and spin flows. Spin polarizations can deviate from such direction in nonmagnetic materials only when the crystalline symmetry is reduced. Here, we show control of the spin polarization direction by using a non-collinear antiferromagnet Mn3GaN, in which the triangular spin structure creates a low magnetic symmetry while maintaining a high crystalline symmetry. We demonstrate that epitaxial Mn3GaN/permalloy heterostructures can generate unconventional spin-orbit torques at room temperature corresponding to out-of-plane and Dresselhaus-like spin polarizations which are forbidden in any sample with two-fold rotational symmetry. Our results demonstrate an approach based on spin-structure design for controlling spin-orbit torque, enabling high-efficient antiferromagnetic spintronics.
Design and characterization of ebolavirus <scp>GP</scp> prehairpin intermediate mimics as drug targets (2014)

Ebolaviruses are highly lethal filoviruses that cause hemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates. With no approved treatments or preventatives, the development of an anti-ebolavirus therapy to protect against natural infections and potential weaponization is an urgent global health need. Here, we describe the design, biophysical characterization, and validation of peptide mimics of the ebolavirus N-trimer, a highly conserved region of the GP2 fusion protein, to be used as targets to develop broad-spectrum inhibitors of ebolavirus entry. The N-trimer region of GP2 is 90% identical across all ebolavirus species and forms a critical part of the prehairpin intermediate that is exposed during viral entry. Specifically, we fused designed coiled coils to the N-trimer to present it as a soluble trimeric coiled coil as it appears during membrane fusion. Circular dichroism, sedimentation equilibrium, and X-ray crystallography analyses reveal the helical, trimeric structure of the designed N-trimer mimic targets. Surface plasmon resonance studies validate that the N-trimer mimic binds its native ligand, the C-peptide region of GP2. The longest N-trimer mimic also inhibits virus entry, thereby confirming binding of the C-peptide region during viral entry and the presence of a vulnerable prehairpin intermediate. Using phage display as a model system, we validate the suitability of the N-trimer mimics as drug screening targets. Finally, we describe the foundational work to use the N-trimer mimics as targets in mirror-image phage display, which will be used to identify D-peptide inhibitors of ebolavirus entry.
A New Heat-Resistant Polymer from Dimer Diamine Bismaleimide. Part 1. Preparation and Free Radical Cure of Dimer Diamine Bismaleimide (1984)

Abstract : The preparation and free radical cure of the bismaleimide of dimer diamine is described where the polymer shows excellent thermal stability comparable to the aromatic substituted bismaleimide counterparts. An improved process for making the 'monomeric' bismaleimide of dimer diamine provides good yields of highly pure material. Contamination by polymer or other by-products commonly encountered is eliminated by a process that uses N,N'- dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/hydroxybenzotriazole co-reagents for cyclodehydration of the precursor bismaleamic acid of dimer diamine. Purification of the crude product can be accomplished by chromatography.