gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Property Graph Schema Optimization for Domain-Specific Knowledge Graphs (2021)

Enterprises are creating domain-specific knowledge graphs by curating and integrating their business data from multiple sources. Ontologies provide a semantic abstraction for such knowledge graphs to describe their data in terms of the entities involved and their relationships. There has been a lot of effort to build systems that enable efficient querying over knowledge graphs, represented as property graphs. However the problem of schema optimization in the property graph setting has been largely ignored. In this work, we show that graph schema design has significant impact on query performance, and propose two algorithms to generate an optimized property graph schema from the domain ontology. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to present an ontology-driven approach for property graph schema optimization. The rich semantic relationships in an ontology contain a variety of opportunities to reduce edge traversals and consequently improve the graph query performance. Our experimental study with two real-world knowledge graphs shows that our algorithms produce high-quality schemas, achieving up to 2 orders of magnitude speed-up compared to alternative schema designs.
New methods for adaptive noise suppression (2002)

We propose three new adaptive noise suppression algorithms for enhancing noise-corrupted speech: smoothed spectral subtraction (SSS), vector quantization of line spectral frequencies (VQ-LSF), and modified Wiener filtering (MWF). SSS is an improved version of the well-known spectra subtraction algorithm, while the other two methods are based on generalised Wiener filtering. We have compared these three algorithms with each other and with spectral subtraction on both simulated noise and actual car noise. All three proposed methods perform substantially better than spectral subtraction, primarily because of the absence of any musical noise artifacts in the processed speech. Listening tests showed preference for MWF and SSS over VQ-LSF. Also, MWF provides a much higher mean opinion score (MOS) than does spectral subtraction. Finally, VQ-LSF provides a relatively good spectral match to the clean speech, and may, therefore, be better suited for speech recognition.
Aza-Darzens Asymmetric Synthesis of <i>N</i>-(<i>p</i>-Toluenesulfinyl)aziridine 2-Carboxylate Esters from Sulfinimines (<i>N</i>-Sulfinyl Imines) (1999)

The one-step aza-Darzens reaction of sulfinimines 2 with lithium α-bromoenolates readily affords diversely substituted cis and trans N-sulfinylaziridine 2-carboxylate esters 3 and 7 in good yield and excellent diastereoselectivity. Higher yields, but lower de's, result when a mixture of the α-bromo ester and 2 are treated with base. The N-sulfinyl group is transformed, nearly quantitatively, without ring opening, into the N-tosyl activating group by oxidation with m-CPBA. Selective removal of the N-sulfinyl group in aziridines 3a and 3h with TFA/H2O affords 1H-aziridines 21 which are difficult to prepared by other means. However, C(3) activated azirines such as 3b undergo ring-opening under these conditions. Alternatively, the N-sulfinyl group, even in C(3)-activated aziridines, was selectively and efficiently removed by treatment of the aziridine with 2 equiv of MeMgBr.
Three Haptic Shape-Feedback Controllers for Virtual Reality (2018)

We present three new novel haptic controllers that render shape force feedback during interaction. 1) CLAW is a multi-purpose controller that renders tactile forces for common hand interactions, such as grasping, touching, and triggering grasped objects. 2) Haptic Revolver is a general-purpose handheld VR controller that renders touch contact with virtual surfaces, motion shear along a surface, textures, and shapes using interchangeable wheels. 3) Haptic Links haptic render shape feedback between two controllers using variable-stiffness locking mechanisms to provide force feedback for grasping and interacting with two-handed objects such as wind instruments, steering wheels, handle bars, or bow and arrow.
Lipase–triethylamine-mediated dynamic transesterification of a tricyclic acyloin having a latent meso-structure: a new route to optically pure oxodicyclopentadiene (1997)

The racemic tricyclic acyloin (±)-endo-3-hydroxytricyclo[4.2.1.0 2,5 ]non-7-en -4-one has been dynamically resolved via the transient formation of the meso-enediol isomer under lipase–triethylamine-mediated kinetic transesterification conditions to give the single chiral acetate (-)-endo-3-acetoxytricyclo[4.2.1.0 2,5 ]non-7-en- 4-one, serving as a precursor of (-)-oxodicyclopentadiene, in excellent optical and chemical yields.
Byonic: Advanced Peptide and Protein Identification Software (2012)

Byonic is the name of a software package for peptide and protein identification by tandem mass spectrometry. This software, which has only recently become commercially available, facilitates a much wider range of search possibilities than previous search software such as SEQUEST and Mascot. Byonic allows the user to define an essentially unlimited number of variable modification types. Byonic also allows the user to set a separate limit on the number of occurrences of each modification type, so that a search may consider only one or two chance modifications such as oxidations and deamidations per peptide, yet allow three or four biological modifications such as phosphorylations, which tend to cluster together. Hence, Byonic can search for tens or even hundreds of modification types simultaneously without a prohibitively large combinatorial explosion. Byonic's Wildcard Search allows the user to search for unanticipated or even unknown modifications alongside known modifications. Finally, Byonic's Glycopeptide Search allows the user to identify glycopeptides without prior knowledge of glycan masses or glycosylation sites.
Linear-induction-motor slide drive (1977)

A linear-induction-motor drive system to position machine tool slides has been developed on a test bed that utilizes an air-bearing slide, laser interferometer feedback, and a microprocessor-based servo system. Static and dynamic positioning accuracies of +-16 nm (+-0.6 ..mu..in) have been demonstrated.
Hexagonal surface acoustic wave devices for enhanced sensing and materials characterizaton (2006)

We present the design, fabrication and testing of a hexagonal surface acoustic wave (SAW) array device fabricated in YZ lithium niobate for non-destructive evaluation of thin organic, inorganic and biological films. Propagation along the Y-axis generates a Rayleigh mode wave where off-axis propagation excites a mixture of other SAWs. Our approach permits rapid and simultaneous extraction of multiple film parameters (film material density or thickness, Lame and shear moduli, sheet conductivity) of a thin film material to achieve a more complete characterization than when a single SAW device is utilized. In sensor applications, this capability translates to better discrimination of the analyte and possibly more accurate quantification. The device is based on a double split finger delay-line design with a line width of 4 µm and a delay path of 197 λ. The individual delay paths of each hexagonal device intersect in the center of the die producing a single region for sensor analysis. Additionally, the central region where the acoustic waves intersect is shorted to reduce the number of modes of waves traversing the surface. Initial testing has shown the pass band frequency of the individual delay paths to be centered around 97 MHz. The acoustic velocities of the rotated device have been measured to be 3593 m/s, 3721 m/s, and 3620 m/s, which correspond to the theoretical values of 3542 m/s, 3646 m/s, and 3622 m/s, respectively. Vapor sensing tests were conducted by exposing a poly(isobutylene)-coated device to various concentrations of benzene, chloroform, and n-hexane in the range of 0.8 to 16.6 volume percent. Measured attenuation and phase angle shifts at a fixed, near-center frequency revealed significant, signature-type differences for the three delay-paths at each exposure concentration. These responses can be exploited in constructing better sensors and sensor arrays utilizing these hexagonal SAW devices.
Association of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 With Vascular Lesions in Porcine Pneumonia (2011)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the vasculature in porcine circovirus type 2-infected (PCV2-infected) lungs and to identify the PCV2 subtypes involved in porcine pneumonia. Pulmonary samples from 140 pigs, 2 weeks to 7 months of age, from 36 Hungarian commercial herds with clinical signs of respiratory disease were examined for the presence of respiratory pathogens, with bacterial culture, pathologic evaluation, and immunohistochemistry for PCV2, porcine reproductive respiratory syndrome virus, and swine influenza virus. PCV2 was the most commonly identified pathogen (49 cases) among the 74 of 140 cases (53%) with respiratory pathogens. PCV2 was detected immunohistochemically in the wall of 13% to 100% of pulmonary vessels (mean, 89%) in 38 of 49 cases (78%). Detection of PCV2 antigen was positively correlated with the presence of vascular lesions (P < .001, odds ratio [OR]: 159.54). Other pathogens capable of vascular injury in swine were found in 29 of 49 of the PCV2-positive cases (59%). The probability of detecting vascular lesions in PCV2-infected lung was higher than in infection with porcine reproductive respiratory syndrome virus (P < .002, OR: 14.63), Pasteurella multocida infection (P < .001, OR: 5.75), or Streptococcus spp. infection (not significant, OR: 1.45). Sequence analysis of open reading frame 2 amplicons was possible in 6 PCV2-positive cases, from which 5 cases proved to be PCV2b subtype and 1 case, PCV2a subtype. In conclusion, PCV2 antigen was commonly colocalized with pulmonary vascular lesions in pneumonia in Hungarian swine, and PCV2b was the dominant subtype.
The CArG-Box Located Upstream from the Transcriptional Start of Wheat Vernalization Gene VRN1 Is Not Necessary for the Vernalization Response (2009)

In diploid wheat (Triticum monococcum), and likely in other Triticeae species, the VRN1 gene is essential for the initiation of the reproductive phase, and therefore, a detailed characterization of its regulatory regions is required to understand this process. A CArG-box (MADS-box-binding site) identified in the VRN1 promoter upstream from the transcription initiation site has been proposed as a critical regulatory element for the vernalization response. This hypothesis was supported by the genetic linkage between CArG-box natural deletions and dominant Vrn1 alleles for spring growth habit and by physical interactions with VRT2, a MADS-box protein proposed as a putative flowering repressor regulated by vernalization. Here, we describe a T. monococcum accession with a strong vernalization requirement and a 48-bp deletion encompassing the CArG-box in the VRN1 promoter. Genetic analyses of 2 segregating populations confirmed that this VRN1 allele is completely linked with a strong winter growth habit (vrn-A(m)1b). Transcript levels of the VRN1 allele with the 48-bp deletion were very low in unvernalized plants and increased during vernalization to levels similar to those detected in other wild-type vrn-A(m)1 alleles. Taken together, these results indicate that the CArG-box found upstream of the VRN1 transcription initiation site is not essential for the vernalization response.
Nitrogen-containing polyhydroxylated aromatics as HIV-1 integrase inhibitors: synthesis, structure-activity relationship analysis, and biological activity (2012)

Four series of forty-five nitrogen-containing polyhydroxylated aromatics based on caffeic acid phenethyl ester were designed and synthesized as HIV-1 integrase (IN) inhibitors. Most of these compounds inhibited IN catalytic activities in low micromolar range. Among these new analogues, compounds 9e and 9f were the most potent IN inhibitors with IC(50) value of 0.7 μM against strand transfer reaction. Their key structure-activity relationships were also discussed.
High-voltage quantum well waveguide solar cells (2011)

Photon absorption, and thus current generation, is hindered in conventional thin-film solar cell designs, including quantum well structures, by the limited path length of incident light passing vertically through the device structure. Optical scattering into lateral waveguide structures provides a physical mechanism to dramatically increase photocurrent generation through in-plane light trapping. However, the insertion of wells of high refractive index material with lower energy gap into the device structure often results in lower voltage operation, and hence lower photovoltaic power conversion efficiency. In this work, we demonstrate that the voltage output of an InGaAs quantum well waveguide photovoltaic device can be increased by employing a novel III-V material structure with an extended wide band gap emitter heterojunction. Analysis of the light IV characteristics from small area test devices reveals that nonradiative recombination components of the underlying dark diode current have been reduced, exposing the limiting radiative recombination component and providing a pathway for realizing solar-electric conversion efficiency of 30% or more in single-junction cells.
Abstract 3029: Biochemical evidence towards the existence of an oncogenic Hsp90 complex (2012)

Abstract To maintain homeostasis, cells employ intricate molecular machineries comprised of thousands of proteins programmed to execute well-defined functions. Dysregulation of these pathways, through protein mis-expression or mutation, provides biological advantages that confer the malignant phenotype. At the molecular level, this requires cells to invest energy in maintaining the stability and function of these proteins, and for this reason cancer cells co-opt molecular chaperones, including Hsp90. Hsp90 is recognized to play important roles in maintaining the transformed phenotype - the chaperone and its associated co-chaperones assist in the correct folding of cellular proteins, collectively referred to as “client proteins,” many of which are effectors of signal transduction pathways controlling cell growth, differentiation, the DNA damage response, and cell survival. Tumor cell addiction to these proteins (i.e. through mutations, aberrant expression, improper cellular translocation, etc) thus makes them critically reliant on Hsp90. While Hsp90 is expressed in all cells and tissues, it was shown that tumors preferentially contain Hsp90 that is in a higher order multi-chaperone complex with high affinity for certain Hsp90 inhibitors, while normal tissues harbor a latent, uncomplexed Hsp90 that has low affinity for these inhibitors. We here extend this model and propose that Hsp90 forms biochemically distinct complexes in cancer cells. In this view, a major fraction of cancer cell Hsp90 retains “house keeping” chaperone functions similar to normal cells, whereas a functionally distinct Hsp90 pool enriched or expanded in cancer cells specifically interacts with oncogenic proteins required to maintain tumor cell survival. Perhaps this Hsp90 fraction represents a cell stress specific form of chaperone complex that is expanded and constitutively maintained in the tumor cell context. Our data suggest that it may execute functions necessary to maintain the malignant phenotype. One such role is to regulate the folding of mutated (i.e. mB-Raf) or chimeric proteins (i.e. Bcr-Abl). We here also present experimental evidence for an additional role; that is, to facilitate scaffolding and complex formation of molecules involved in aberrantly activated signaling complexes. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3029. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3029
Kallikrein family proteases KLK6 and KLK7 are potential early detection and diagnostic biomarkers for serous and papillary serous ovarian cancer subtypes (2014)

KLK6 and KLK7 mRNA and protein overexpression is directly associated with early-stage ovarian tumors and can be measured in patient tissue and serum samples. Assays based on KLK6 and KLK7 expression may provide specific and sensitive information for early detection of ovarian cancer.
<title>Fluoride Glass Fibres For Telecommunications</title> (1983)

Zirconium fluoride glasses are the best known and the most stable beryllium-free glasses. They offer numerous potential uses for I.R.-transmitting fibres and ultra-long repeaterless optical wave-guides. Various problems arise in the manufacturing of fluoride glass fibres, essentially because of the steep viscosity profile and the devitrification phenomena. This paper discusses the processes for manufacturing step-index preforms and for drawing fibres. Optical quality preforms have been obtained and fibres have been drawn over more than 1 km. A spectral loss measurement system has been constructed using fluoride glass optical components. Several curves showing the optical attenuation versus wavelength are presented and discussed. These fibres are now available for optical transmission in infra-red systems.
Microarchitecture techniques to improve the design of superscalar microprocessors (1995)

This doctoral research focuses on finding microarchitecture techniques/alternatives to improve the design of superscalar microprocessors that support multi-instruction issue, decoupled dataflow scheduling, out-of-order execution, register renaming, multi-level speculative execution, and precise interrupts. Two new/improved superscalar techniques are proposed and analyzed. These are (1) the Distributed Instruction Queue (DIQ): which is a new distributed instruction shelving technique that is an alternative to the reservation station (RS) technique, and (2) the Modified Reorder Buffer (MRB): which is an improved reorder buffer (RB) technique that offers a solution to drawbacks in typical RB designs.
The DIQ offers a more efficient (i.e., good performance/cost) implementation by eliminating operand value copying and result value forwarding altogether. The hardware cost and speed advantages increase in 64-bit architectures with multiple execution units. The MRB eliminates the slow and expensive prioritized associative lookup by using a unique associative key. It also eliminates shared-global (chipwide) wires for operand and result buses by replacing them with private-local (module-to-module) wires. To support multi-level speculative execution without the need to enter dummy branch entries in the RB, a new circuit, the Flush Address Queue (FAQ), is added. The FAQ reduces decode stalls due to RB full and allows quick branch misprediction repair/recovery.
A theoretical cost analysis was used to estimate and compare hardware costs. A set of cost parameters is introduced, based on the unit costs of a 1-bit comparator, 1-bit register storage, 1-bit global wire, etc. Cost comparisons are made for different design parameters and against their existing counterparts. The DIQ technique shows a major reduction in the number of comparators, multiplexers, and shared global wires. The MRB shows a major reduction in the number of multiplexers and global wires.
A cycle-by-cycle simulator (named gtsim) based on the DLX/MIPS instruction set was built, written in C++ and C, to verify the DIQ and MRB design techniques and to analyze performance. Several synthetic and real-application benchmark programs (linpack, livermore, hanoi, nsieve, and grep) were run over several million cycles to produce accurate simulation results. The performance data was also compared to the corresponding scalar model, UC-Berkeley's dlxsim. On unoptimized codes, a speedup from 2.6X to 3.3X was realized at a 4-way superscalar gtsim.
Erasable Compact Disc Using Phase Change Optical Media (1991)

An application of phase change optical media for a erasable compact disc(CD) has been studied. As the phase change optical disks have featuring properties; overwritable only by power modulation of a single laser beam and detectable reproducing signals directly by reflectivity changes, it can be said that they intrinsically have high compatibility with commercial read-only CD or write-once CD. Recording the CD format signals means pulse width modulation (PWM) recording at low linear velocity. Accordingly, teardrop shaped distortions of recording marks, which are common problems for heat-mode recording media, should be suppressed.
Opportunistic Routing in Dynamic Ad Hoc Networks: the OPRAH protocol (2006)

This paper describes the opportunistic routing in dynamic ad hoc networks, the OPRAH protocols, which uses the air interface to find a more optimal path for each packet in a dynamic network. In the static environment the connectivity is perturbed only by fading between two fixed points, the performance of these protocols depends on how steady a route is. Thus these protocols have the following advantages: ability to interoperate with wired protocols, to ensure that the ad hoc network can communicate with the legacy wired infrastructure, it works in a low mobility environment, and it should be implemented using relatively simple off-the-shelf components
Injection-seeded terahertz-wave parametric generator with wide tunability (2002)

We report on the development of a widely tunable (frequency: 0.7–2.4 THz and wavelength: 125–430 μm), injection-seeded THz-wave parametric generator (IS-TPG), which operates at room temperature. The spectral resolution (&lt;100 MHz and 0.003 cm−1) is the Fourier transform limit of the nanosecond THz-wave pulse. The continuous scanning and narrow spectral bandwidth of the IS-TPG were verified in the absorption spectrum of low-pressure water vapor. The high peak power (&gt;200 mW) of the output wave and the small beam divergence are suited to a variety of applications.
Adaptive decoding for space time codes with imperfect channel estimation, using the bootstrap algorithm (2010)

Space time coding is a powerful technique to exploit transmitter diversity. Nevertheless, to enjoy its full potential performance, a perfect knowledge of the channel state information should be available at the receiver. Since even small channel estimation error results in severe performance lose, a long, rate consuming training sequences should be used to minimize these estimation errors. Hence, presenting an undesired tradeoff between rate and performance. Applying the ”bootstrap” algorithm; an adaptive decoder, can mitigate the effect of estimation errors, hence enables a way out of this deadlock, by achieving high performance transmission while reducing the required length of the training sequences.
Coherent Synthesis of Pulsed Waveforms and Energies Using Fiber-Array Combining and Pulse Stacking Techniques (2014)

Coherent signal synthesis using spatial and spectral combining of multiple laser beams and time-domain pulse stacking enables overcoming fiber amplifier pulse duration and energy limitations and could lead to kHz repetition rate TW-peak power systems.
Production of Vitamin B<sub>6</sub>in<i>Rhizobium</i> (1999)

The production of vitamin B6 was studied in about 1,590 bacterial isolates from soil, and an isolate, 28-21, identified as Rhizobium leguminosarum was obtained as a vitamin B6 high producer. Then, the production of vitamin B6 by commercially available Rhizobium strains was examined, and many of the tested strains excreted large amounts of vitamin B6 into the culture broth. The best producer of vitamin B6 was R. meliloti IFO 14782, which produced 51 mg per liter. Media study for the vitamin B6 production was done with R. meliloti IFO 14782; the strain was able to excrete 84 mg of vitamin B6 per liter, 79 mg per liter of which was pyridoxol.