gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and implementation of an Automatic Speaker recognition system using neural and fuzzy logic in Matlab (2013)

Recognition of a particular speaker amongst a crowded group of people is one of the current areas of interest of researchers. This paper presents a Text Dependent Automatic Speaker recognition system developed and simulated using Matlab. For a better computational efficiency, the system is trained to store voice of the same person under various physiological conditions such as coughing, shouting, during chewing, mouth covered etc. A dictionary is created to store the signature features of each user's voice. A neural networks is then trained using back propagation and accordingly weights are obtained to recognize voice in the testing phase. The efficiency of the proposed system is then compared to the system implemented using vector quantization.
Document compression using rate-distortion optimized segmentation (2001)

The <i>Journal of Electronic Imaging</i> (JEI), copublished bimonthly with the Society for Imaging Science and Technology, publishes peer-reviewed papers that cover research and applications in all areas of electronic imaging science and technology.
Si-rich Silicon Nitride for Nonlinear Signal Processing Applications (2017)

Nonlinear silicon photonic devices have attracted considerable attention thanks to their ability to show large third-order nonlinear effects at moderate power levels allowing for all-optical signal processing functionalities in miniaturized components. Although significant efforts have been made and many nonlinear optical functions have already been demonstrated in this platform, the performance of nonlinear silicon photonic devices remains fundamentally limited at the telecom wavelength region due to the two photon absorption (TPA) and related effects. In this work, we propose an alternative CMOS-compatible platform, based on silicon-rich silicon nitride that can overcome this limitation. By carefully selecting the material deposition parameters, we show that both of the device linear and nonlinear properties can be tuned in order to exhibit the desired behaviour at the selected wavelength region. A rigorous and systematic fabrication and characterization campaign of different material compositions is presented, enabling us to demonstrate TPA-free CMOS-compatible waveguides with low linear loss (~1.5 dB/cm) and enhanced Kerr nonlinear response (Re{γ} = 16 Wm<sup>-1</sup>). Thanks to these properties, our nonlinear waveguides are able to produce a π nonlinear phase shift, paving the way for the development of practical devices for future optical communication applications.
Excretion of Hydrogen Peroxide in Human Urine (1990)

The excretion of hydrogen peroxide in human urine has been demonstrated for the first time. This was accomplished by a new radioactive method developed on the basis of decarboxylation of alpha-ketoglutaric acid by H2 O2. Urine samples were incubated with alpha ketoglutarate pulsed with iwts 1 -14C-analogue, and CO2 formed by decarboxylation was determined by radioactivity measurements. Blanks were prepared by pre-incubation of the samples with catalase. Both male and female subjects were studied. On an average the concentration of H2 O2 in urine was approximately 100 ± 60 μM(10-4 M) Peroxide excretion was found to be unexpectedly high and might thus be useful for clinical diagnosis and therapy in diseases purported to be related to oxidative stress.
Intronic RNAs constitute the major fraction of the non-coding RNA in mammalian cells (2012)

So far, the focus of non-coding RNA discovery has shied away from intronic regions as those were believed to simply encode parts of pre-mRNAs. Results presented here suggest a very different situation--the sequences encoded in the introns appear to harbor a yet unexplored reservoir of novel, functional RNAs. As such, they should not be ignored in surveys of functional transcripts or other genomic studies.
Volatiles – An Interdisciplinary Approach (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Geraniol – A Typical Example Conclusion References
A global, multicenter phase II trial of lapatinib plus capecitabine in gastric cancer. (2011)

88 Background: Advanced gastric cancer (GC) is an incurable disease. HER2 overexpression has been reportedin 6%–35% of gastric and gastroesophageal tumors, whereas the EGFR is upregulated in about 18%–28%. Clinical studies confirm that targeting HER2 in combination with chemotherapy is an effective strategy, achieving a median survival of ∼13.5 mos. Lapatinib, a dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor of HER2 and the EGFR, inhibits tumor growth and modulates expression of fluoropyrimidine-targeting genes. LPT109747 is an international, multicenter phase II study investigating the combination of lapatinib + capecitabine in patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. Methods: Primary endpoints of the study included clinical response rate, 5 mo PFS and mRNA and protein expression levels of genes involved in the 5-FU and HER2 pathway. HER2 overexpression was not required at study entry. Oral lapatinib was administered (1,250 mg/d, continuously) during a monotherapy run-in period (day -7 to 0) and in combination with oral capecitabine (1,000 mg/m 2 BID, 14 of 21 days). Patients were treated until disease progression (PD) or study withdrawal. Biopsies were performed on days -7 and 0. Safety was assessed every 3 weeks and response every 6 weeks by RECIST. Results: Sixty-seven patients were included in the current analysis: 25% female, 75% male; 51% Caucasian, 45% Asian; median age 60 y (range: 22-89 y); 75% GC, 25% GEJ. All 67 patients were evaluable for response. The overall response rate was 22.4% (16.4% confirmed). 45% of patients had stable disease, and 24% had PD. No complete responses were observed. PD or death at < 5 mo was 63%. At the time of data cut off, PFS at 5 mo was 28.4% (17.3%–40.5%); median follow up was 26.4 weeks (CI: 22.1; 55.9); 39% of patients remain in follow up. Most frequent grade 3/4 events were anemia (13%), hand-foot syndrome (12%), decreased appetite (10%), and nausea (9%). Conclusions: The combination of lapatinib + capecitabine shows promising efficacy and is well tolerated as 1st line treatment for advanced GC. An analysis of biomarker data may help identify who may benefit most from this regimen. [Table: see text]
Dynamic causal brain circuits during working memory and their functional controllability (2021)

Control processes associated with working memory play a central role in human cognition, but their underlying dynamic brain circuit mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we use system identification, network science, stability analysis, and control theory to probe functional circuit dynamics during working memory task performance. Our results show that dynamic signaling between distributed brain areas encompassing the salience (SN), fronto-parietal (FPN), and default mode networks can distinguish between working memory load and predict performance. Network analysis of directed causal influences suggests the anterior insula node of the SN and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex node of the FPN are causal outflow and inflow hubs, respectively. Network controllability decreases with working memory load and SN nodes show the highest functional controllability. Our findings reveal dissociable roles of the SN and FPN in systems control and provide novel insights into dynamic circuit mechanisms by which cognitive control circuits operate asymmetrically during cognition.
Novel vehicle crash risk detection based on vehicular sensory system (2015)

Vehicular on-board devices have been widely applied for enhancement of perceiving driving status and road traffic environment, which in turn, can be used to detect vehicle crash risk and provide drivers with pre warning or safe driving assistance in dangerous situation. This paper aims to propose a vehicular cyber physical system and its logical framework for crash risk identification and warning system based on vehicular on-board devices. Wireless communication devices connecting subject vehicle to approaching vehicles (V2V) and vehicles to roadside equipment (V2I), are applied to comprehensively track the motion status of the moving vehicles and road target (approaching vehicles, obstacles and pedestrians). Then, the motion state of road vehicles and obstacles under surveillance is short-term predicted with regards to the Kalman Filter (KF), and the crossed vehicle trajectory will be detected half a second early. Furthermore, vehicular distance are predicted and compared with the estimated safe threshold, and the traffic crash risk can be evaluated. Finally, a group of simulation tests are conducted and the results indicate that the proposed system and method are of effective for detecting vehicle crash risk and providing driver accurate warning.
PolyGen: An Autoregressive Generative Model of 3D Meshes (2020)

Polygon meshes are an efficient representation of 3D geometry, and are of central importance in computer graphics, robotics and games development. Existing learning-based approaches have avoided the challenges of working with 3D meshes, instead using alternative object representations that are more compatible with neural architectures and training approaches. We present an approach which models the mesh directly, predicting mesh vertices and faces sequentially using a Transformer-based architecture. Our model can condition on a range of inputs, including object classes, voxels, and images, and because the model is probabilistic it can produce samples that capture uncertainty in ambiguous scenarios. We show that the model is capable of producing high-quality, usable meshes, and establish log-likelihood benchmarks for the mesh-modelling task. We also evaluate the conditional models on surface reconstruction metrics against alternative methods, and demonstrate competitive performance despite not training directly on this task.
Wetting studies of molecularly engineered surfaces (1996)

The wettability studies of mixed monolayers containing Hydrophobie (CH3) and hydrophilic (OH) terminal groups are discussed. We describe and explain a concentration-driven transition in the contact angles of liquids on mixed monolayers. It is suggested that this phenomenon is due to a possible surface phase transition, resulting in the formation of a prewetting water layer. The self-assembly method opens exciting new possibilities of engineering smooth surfaces. Chemical properties fine-tuned at the molecular level will lead to new levels of control of physicochemical properties of surfaces. Long-chain thiol derivatives can be used in model surfaces to attain control of surface roughness and chemical properties. Combinations of surface functionalities give a large variety of surfaces, thus allowing a systematic control of surface free energy, and chemical affinity.
Mechanisms of the Cardiovascular Response to Posterior Hypothalamic Nucleus Administration of Carbachol (1996)

Unilateral microinjection of the cholinergic agonist carbachol (CCh) into the posterior hypothalamic nucleus (PHN) of conscious rats evoked a dose-dependent increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP). The pressor response was accompanied by tachycardia at all doses of CCh used (0.8-13.2 nmol), although the tachycardia was followed by a secondary bradycardia after the two highest doses (5.5 and 13.2 nmol). To determine the involvement of the autonomic nervous system and arginine vasopressin (AVP) in these cardiovascular changes, we administered selective receptor antagonists intravenously (i.v.) before microinjection of CCh into the PHN. The pressor response evoked by 3.3 nmol CCh could be attenuated by prazosin (an alpha 1-adrenoceptor blocker) or yohimbine (an alpha 2-adrenoceptor blocker) and completely blocked by the combination of prazosin and yohimbine. In contrast, the increase in MAP evoked by 5.5 and 13.2 nmol CCh could be attenuated by prazosin, yohimbine, or D[(CH2)5Tyr(Me)]AVP (AVPX, a V 1-vasopressin receptor blocker), and completely blocked by the combination of prazosin and AVPX. The tachycardia evoked by the 3.3-, 5.5-, and 13.2-nmol doses of CCh could be attenuated by propranolol (a beta-adrenoceptor blocker), and the secondary bradycardia evoked by 5.5 and 13.2 nmol CCh could be attenuated by either methylatropine (a muscarinic receptor blocker) or AVPX. These results suggest that administration of CCh into the PHN increases sympathetic nervous system activity, which increases MAP and heart rate (HR). The increase in MAP activates a baroreflex-mediated bradycardia by increasing vagal tone. This bradycardia is potentiated by an increase in circulating levels of AVP, which also contributes to the increased blood pressure (BP).
<title>NGST mirror system demonstrator from the University of Arizona</title> (2001)

Future space telescopes require primary mirrors that are much lighter than those currently being manufactured. They also must maintain optical tolerances while operating at cryogenic temperatures. We present a Mirror System Demonstrator for the Next Generation Space Telescope (NGST) that uses a thin glass facesheet with active control to achieve low mass and high surface quality. A 2-mm thick glass facesheet is controlled by miniature actuators and held together by a rigid carbon fiber frame. The 2-m diameter mirror system weighs only 13 kg/m<SUP>2</SUP>, including the glass, supports, actuators, support structure, and cabling. We present the status of the development and testing of this revolutionary mirror.
Finite-difference beam-propagation method for anisotropic waveguides with torsional birefringence (2018)

A new three-dimensional finite-difference (FD)-based beam propagation method (BPM) is proposed for simulating optical propagation in weakly guiding waveguides with torsional birefringence, which cannot be simulated by existing FD-BPM algorithms. We also demonstrate that this new BPM algorithm is capable of obtaining eigenmode solutions in a helically-symmetric z-dependent waveguide structure with torsional birefringence.
The unifying role of the coarray in aperture synthesis for coherent and incoherent imaging (1990)

Systems of two-dimensional (2-D) imaging arrays and apertures are considered from the point of view of their performance in the imaging of spatially incoherent as well as coherent source distributions. Such systems find applications in radar, sonar, and ultrasound imaging, as well as in applications such as seismology and radio astronomy. For linear imaging techniques related to beamforming and based on the Fourier transform relationship between the source distribution and the aperture plane measurements, the point spread function of the system completely characterizes its performance. This function is determined by the geometry of the physical aperture or array as well as the weighting that can be applied to measurements. It is shown that the introduction of the concept of coarray, both for receive apertures in incoherent imaging and for transmit/receive systems in reflection-mode coherent imaging, provides a convenient and elegant framework within which many apparently isolated techniques for point-spread function or aperture synthesis can be understood. In addition to this unifying role, coarray concept gives new insight into the aperture synthesis process, which allows interesting new imaging techniques to be developed, especially in coherent imaging.
Murine inner cell mass-derived lineages depend on Sall4 function (2006)

Sall4 is a mammalian Spalt transcription factor expressed by cells of the early embryo and germ cells, an expression pattern similar to that of both Oct4 and Sox2, which play essential roles during early murine development. We show that the activity of Sall4 is cell-autonomously required for the development of the epiblast and primitive endoderm from the inner cell mass. Furthermore, no embryonic or extraembryonic endoderm stem cell lines could be established from Sall4-deficient blastocysts. In contrast, neither the development of the trophoblast lineage nor the ability to generate trophoblast cell lines from murine blastocysts was impaired in the absence of Sall4. These data establish Sall4 as an essential transcription factor required for the early development of inner cell mass-derived cell lineages.
Visualization and tracking of tumour extracellular vesicle delivery and RNA translation using multiplexed reporters (2015)

Accurate spatiotemporal assessment of extracellular vesicle (EV) delivery and cargo RNA translation requires specific and robust live-cell imaging technologies. Here we engineer optical reporters to label multiple EV populations for visualization and tracking of tumour EV release, uptake and exchange between cell populations both in culture and in vivo. Enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) and tandem dimer Tomato (tdTomato) were fused at NH2-termini with a palmitoylation signal (PalmGFP, PalmtdTomato) for EV membrane labelling. To monitor EV-RNA cargo, transcripts encoding PalmtdTomato were tagged with MS2 RNA binding sequences and detected by co-expression of bacteriophage MS2 coat protein fused with EGFP. By multiplexing fluorescent and bioluminescent EV membrane reporters, we reveal the rapid dynamics of both EV uptake and translation of EV-delivered cargo mRNAs in cancer cells that occurred within 1-hour post-horizontal transfer between cells. These studies confirm that EV-mediated communication is dynamic and multidirectional between cells with delivery of functional mRNA.
A protein corona sensor array detects breast and prostate cancers (2020)

Following exposure to human plasma (HP), nanoparticles (NPs) are coated with a biomolecular layer referred to as a protein corona. We recently revealed that characterizing the protein coronas of various NPs may provide a unique opportunity for cancer identification and discrimination. In other words, protein corona profiles of several NPs, when being analyzed using classifiers, would provide a unique "fingerprint" for each type of disease. Here, we probed the capacity of the protein corona for the identification and discrimination of breast and prostate cancer patients from healthy individuals. Using three lipid NP formulations with distinct physical-chemical properties as a cross-reactive sensor array and a supervised random forest classifier, we identified a set of proteins that showed a significant difference in cancer patients and control subjects. Our data show that many of the corona proteins with the highest discrimination ability between oncological patients and healthy individuals are related to cellular and molecular aspects of breast and prostate cancers.
Verifying sequential behavior with model checking (2002)

The design of state-of-the-art digital circuits often involves interacting state machines with very complex control flow. As consequence functional verification of sequential designs is becoming a major bottleneck in the design process. Model checking techniques, the topic of this tutorial, promise to speed up verification time by checking high level temporal properties. Model checking is best used in early design phases where it may help to catch fundamental design flaws and errors as early as possible.
Tandem Catalytic Conversion of Glucose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural with an Immobilized Enzyme and a Solid Acid (2014)

Conversion of cellulosic biomass to renewable chemicals such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is of high current interest. Herein, we report a rare example of one-pot synthesis of HMF from glucose by tandem catalysis. The system is composed of a thermophilic glucose isomerase enzyme for glucose isomerization to fructose and a solid acid catalyst for fructose dehydration to HMF. A base (−NH2) functionalized mesoporous silica (aminopropyl-FMS) with large pore size was deployed successfully to immobilize and protect the thermophilic glucose isomerase in organic solvents at high temperature. The combination of this catalyst with a Brønsted acid (−SO3H) functionalized mesoporous silica (propylsulfonic acid-FMS) allowed us to conduct a one-pot transformation of glucose to HMF directly in a monophasic solvent system composed of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and H2O (4:1 v/v) with 61% yield of fructose and 30% yield of HMF at temperatures >363 K in 24 h.
Inhibition of RAS farnesylation by isoprenoid phosphonic acids. (1996)

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (1996) 59, 198–198; doi: 10.1038/sj.clpt.1996.290
Enhance 1,3-propanediol production from crude glycerol in batch and fed-batch fermentation with two-phase pH-controlled strategy (2011)

The batch fermentation of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD) by Klebsiella pneumoniae SU6 at different crude glycerol concentration (40-100 g l -1 ), pH (6.5-7.5) and temperature (31-40ºC) combined with two-phase pH-controlled strategy was investigated. Effect of feeding rate (0.10-0.15 L h -1 ) was studied in fed-batch fermentation. In batch fermentation, the optimal condition was 60 g l -1 crude glycerol, pH control at 6.5 and cultivation temperature at 37ºC. The maximum 1,3-PD of 20 g l -1 , the yield of 0.34 g 1,3-PD g -1 glycerol consumed and the productivity of 1.25 g l -1 h -1 were achieved at 16 hrs cultivation. The by-products were acetic acid and succinic acid at 2.7 and 1.1 g l -1 , respectively. Two-phase pH-controlled strategy gave better results (24.95 g l -1 1,3-PD and 1.78 g l -1 h -1 productivity) than constant pH-controlled strategy (20 g l -1 and 1.25 g l -1 h -1 , respectively) at 16 hrs incubation. In fed-batch fermentation, the maximum 1,3-PD of 45.35 g l -1 was achieved at constant feeding rate of 0.1 L h -1 . The yield and productivity were 0.44 g g -1 and 1.94 g l -1 h -1 , respectively. The fed-batch fermentation with constant feeding at 0.1 L h -1 with two-phase pH-controlled strategy gave 2.2 folds higher 1,3 PD concentration than the batch fermentation with two-phase pH-controlled strategy. This demonstrated the great impact of combination of pH control and feeding strategies in fed-batch fermentation on enhancing 1,3-propanediol production.
Establishment of the MethyLight Assay for Assessing Aging, Cigarette Smoking, and Alcohol Consumption (2015)

The environmental factors such as aging, smoking, and alcohol consumption have been reported to influence DNA methylation (DNAm). However, the versatility of DNAm measurement by DNAm array systems is low in clinical use. Thus, we developed the MethyLight assay as a simple method to measure DNAm. In the present study, we isolated peripheral blood DNA from 33 healthy volunteers and selected cg25809905, cg02228185, and cg17861230 as aging, cg23576855 as smoking, and cg02583484 as alcohol consumption biomarkers. The predicted age by methylation rates of cg25809905 and cg17861230 significantly correlated with chronological age. In immortalized B-cells, DNAm rates of two sites showed a younger status than the chronological age of donor. On the other hand, the predicted age of the patients with myocardial infarction (MI) was not accelerated. The methylation rate of cg23576855 was able to discriminate the groups based on the smoking status. The DNAm rate of cg02583484 was reduced in subjects with habitual alcohol consumption compared to that of subjects without habitual alcohol consumption. In conclusion, our MethyLight assay system reconfirms that aging, smoking, and alcohol consumption influenced DNAm in peripheral blood in the Japanese. This MethyLight system will facilitate DNAm measurement in epidemiological and clinical studies.