gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A rapid whole‐blood immunoassay system (1990)

A new immunoassay system has been developed which allows the detection of circulating antigens, antibodies or drugs in whole blood without specialized personnel or equipment. This is achieved by the use of bispecific reagents, which comprise specific antibodies or antigens that are coupled to a non-agglutinating antierythrocyte antibody. Within two minutes, these reagents cause specific agglutination of a patient's own red cells in samples that contain the relevant analyte. Levels of low molecular weight haptens also can be measured by the use of an indirect, agglutination-inhibition assay. This simple immunoassay method would fulfil the needs of many physicians and Third-World countries and also has mass-screening and veterinary applications.
Entrapping Flavin‐Containing Monooxygenase on Corrugated Silica Nanospheres and their Recyclable Biocatalytic Activities (2010)

Abstract Synthetic methods and biocatalytic activities of new classes of heterogeneous biocatalysts by immobilizing flavin‐containing monooxygenase on corrugated and nanoporous silica nanospheres are reported. The nanoporous and corrugated silica nanospheres are synthesized by etching silica nanospheres with aqueous KOH solution. The etched nanospheres are proven to have increased surface area, corrugated, cage‐like external surfaces, and, most importantly, more accessible and well‐suited surfaces to immobilize bigger molecules, such as enzymes. Furthermore, the etched silica nanospheres contain hydrophilic and silanol groups that are conducive for anchoring enzymes. By utilizing the structures of the etched silica nanospheres, effective immobilization of flavin‐containing monooxygenase 1 (FMO1) is demonstrated. The FMO1 immobilized etched silica nanospheres have shown efficient and recyclable biocatalytic activity for nicotine oxidation.
High-Contrast <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math> Interaction Using Superconducting Qubits with Opposite-Sign Anharmonicity (2020)

For building a scalable quantum processor with superconducting qubits, ZZ interaction is of great concern because its residual has a crucial impact to two-qubit gate fidelity. Two-qubit gates with fidelity meeting the criterion of fault-tolerant quantum computation have been demonstrated using ZZ interaction. However, as the performance of quantum processors improves, the residual static ZZ can become a performance-limiting factor for quantum gate operation and quantum error correction. Here, we introduce a superconducting architecture using qubits with opposite-sign anharmonicity, a transmon qubit, and a C-shunt flux qubit, to address this issue. We theoretically demonstrate that by coupling the two types of qubits, the high-contrast ZZ interaction can be realized. Thus, we can control the interaction with a high on-off ratio to implement two-qubit controlled-Z gates, or suppress it during two-qubit gate operation using XY interaction (e.g., an iSWAP gate). The proposed architecture can also be scaled up to multiqubit cases. In a fixed coupled system, ZZ crosstalk related to neighboring spectator qubits could also be heavily suppressed.
Design and Implementation of OTG Communication System Terminal Based on USB (2011)

To mobile communication requirement of portable device, a USB On-The-Go (OTG) communication system terminal, based on Freescale's 32-bit MCU - MCF52223, is designed in the paper. The system terminal can implement USB host function and USB peripheral function. The system design includes software part and hardware part. The hardware design includes power management circuit and interface circuit design. The OTG software on the IDE of CodeWarrior is designed by component thinking. Firstly, we build the OTG software architecture and analyze its structural characteristics. Secondly, initialization mode judgement software, OTG drive software, host/peripheral software packet and role switch protocol software packet also are designed on the basis of software architecture. Finally, the debugging result is shown in the paper. The result shows that the system terminal can implement not only host function but also peripheral function and has stable performance. Meanwhile, the design also provides a guide to application terminal design based on USB OTG.
Selenium Deficiency Is Associated with Mortality Risk from COVID-19 (2020)

SARS-CoV-2 infections underlie the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and are causative for a high death toll particularly among elderly subjects and those with comorbidities. Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element of high importance for human health and particularly for a well-balanced immune response. The mortality risk from a severe disease like sepsis or polytrauma is inversely related to Se status. We hypothesized that this relation also applies to COVID-19. Serum samples (<i>n</i> = 166) from COVID-19 patients (<i>n</i> = 33) were collected consecutively and analyzed for total Se by X-ray fluorescence and selenoprotein P (SELENOP) by a validated ELISA. Both biomarkers showed the expected strong correlation (<i>r</i> = 0.7758, <i>p</i> < 0.001), pointing to an insufficient Se availability for optimal selenoprotein expression. In comparison with reference data from a European cross-sectional analysis (EPIC, <i>n</i> = 1915), the patients showed a pronounced deficit in total serum Se (mean ± SD, 50.8 ± 15.7 vs. 84.4 ± 23.4 µg/L) and SELENOP (3.0 ± 1.4 vs. 4.3 ± 1.0 mg/L) concentrations. A Se status below the 2.5th percentile of the reference population, i.e., [Se] < 45.7 µg/L and [SELENOP] < 2.56 mg/L, was present in 43.4% and 39.2% of COVID samples, respectively. The Se status was significantly higher in samples from surviving COVID patients as compared with non-survivors (Se; 53.3 ± 16.2 vs. 40.8 ± 8.1 µg/L, SELENOP; 3.3 ± 1.3 vs. 2.1 ± 0.9 mg/L), recovering with time in survivors while remaining low or even declining in non-survivors. We conclude that Se status analysis in COVID patients provides diagnostic information. However, causality remains unknown due to the observational nature of this study. Nevertheless, the findings strengthen the notion of a relevant role of Se for COVID convalescence and support the discussion on adjuvant Se supplementation in severely diseased and Se-deficient patients.
Discovering and Visualizing Operations Processes with POD-Discovery and POD-Viz (2015)

Understanding the behavior of an operations process and capturing it as an abstract process model has been shown to improve dependability significantly [1]. In particular, process context can be used for error detection, diagnosis, and even automated recovery. Creating the process model is an essential step in determining process context and, consequently, improving dependability. This paper describes two systems. The first, POD-Discovery, simplifies the creation of such an abstract process model from operations logs. An activity that previously required many manual steps can now be done largely automatically and in minutes. Using the discovered model, the second system, POD-Viz, provides operators with the ability to visualize the current state of an operations process in near-real-time and to replay a set of events to understand how the process context changed over time. This allows operators to trace the progress of an operations process easily, and helps in analyzing encountered errors.
Boron-Mediated Growth of Long Helicity-Selected Carbon Nanotubes (1999)

We investigate the growth of B-doped carbon nanotubes combining experimental and theoretical techniques. Electron microscopy observations and electron diffraction patterns reveal that B doping considerably increases the length of carbon tubes and leads to a remarkable preferred zigzag chirality. These findings are corroborated by first-principles static and dynamical simulations which indicate that, in the zigzag geometry, B atoms act as a surfactant during growth, preventing tube closure. This mechanism does not extend to armchair tubes, suggesting a helicity selection during growth.
Issues in Scalable Clustered Network Architecture for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (2004)

As a large-scale, high-density multi-hop network becomes desirable in many applications, there exists a greater demand for scalable mobile ad hoc network (MANET) architecture. Due to the increased route length between two end nodes in a multi-hop MANET, the challenge is in the limited scalability despite the improved spatial diversity in a large network area. Common to most of existing approaches for a scalable MANET is the link cluster architecture (LCA), where mobile nodes are logically partitioned into groups, called clusters. Clustering algorithms select master nodes and maintain the cluster structure dynamically as nodes move. Routing protocols utilize the underlying cluster structure to maintain routing and location information in an efficient manner. This paper discusses the various issues in scalable clustered network architectures for MANETs. This includes a classification of link-clustered architectures, an overview of clustering algorithms focusing on master selection, and a survey of cluster-based routing protocols.
Lipids and Pulmonary Function in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2002)

Studies considering the association between total cholesterol and noncardiovascular mortality, particularly from respiratory disease, yield inconclusive findings. To explore this question, the relation of lipids to pulmonary function, specifically forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)), was investigated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Conducted in the United States in 1988-1994 among adults aged > or =17 years, this survey measured serum lipids, FEV(1), and confounding factors including smoking and antioxidants. Multiple linear regression analysis explored the relation of FEV(1)/height(2) to low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and their respective apolipoproteins (apo) B and A-I. A standard deviation increase in HDL cholesterol or apo A-I was associated with an FEV(1) increase of 43 ml (95% confidence interval (CI): 30, 56) or 29 ml (95% CI: 11, 47), respectively, for an average-height adult. A standard deviation increase in LDL cholesterol or apo B was associated with an FEV(1) decrease of -24 ml (95% CI: -43, -5) or -53 ml (95% CI: -74, -32), respectively, adjusted for serum antioxidant status. The lipid subfractions were differentially associated with FEV(1) consistent with the possibility that LDL cholesterol contributes to endogenous oxidative burden while HDL cholesterol attenuates inflammatory tissue damage. Whether these associations are causal remains to be determined.
Validation of a Discrete Particle Model in a 2D Spout‐Fluid Bed Using Non‐Intrusive Optical Measuring Techniques (2004)

Abstract To gain insight into the hydrodynamics of spout‐fluid beds, an experimental and numerical study was carried out. Particle image velocimetry was successfully developed and applied to determine particle velocity profiles, whereas voidage profiles were determined by digital image analysis. A 3D hard‐sphere discrete particle model was used to simulate the flow in a spout‐fluid bed. The simulations and experiments showed a similar influence of the background fluidization velocity on the spout behaviour.
Document restoration using 3D shape: a general deskewing algorithm for arbitrarily warped documents (2002)

We present a framework for restoring arbitrarily warped and deformed documents to their original planar shape. The impetus for this work is the need for tools and techniques to help digitally preserve and restore fragile manuscripts. Current digitization is performed under the assumption that the documents are flat, with subsequent image-processing and restoration algorithms either relying on this assumption or attempting to overcome it without shape information. Although most manuscripts were originally flat, many become deformed from damage and deterioration. Physical flattening is not possible without risking further, possibly irreversible, damage. Our framework addresses this restoration problem with two primary contributions. First, we present a working 3D digitization setup that acquires a 3D model with accurate shape-to-texture registration under multiple lighting conditions. Second, we show how the 3D model and a mass-spring particle system can be used together as a framework for digital flattening. We show that this restoration process can correct document deformations and can significantly improve subsequent document analysis.
Intelligent O-RAN for Beyond 5G and 6G Wireless Networks (2022)

Building on the principles of openness and intelligence, there has been a concerted global effort from the operators towards enhancing the radio access network (RAN) architecture. The objective is to build an operator-defined RAN architecture (and associated interfaces) on open hardware that provides intelligent radio control for beyond fifth generation (5G) as well as future sixth generation (6G) wireless networks. Specifically, the open-radio access network (O-RAN) alliance has been formed by merging xRAN forum and C-RAN alliance to formally define the requirements that would help achieve this objective. Owing to the importance of O-RAN in the current wireless landscape, this article provides an introduction to the concepts, principles, and requirements of the Open RAN as specified by the O-RAN alliance. In order to illustrate the role of intelligence in O-RAN, we propose an intelligent radio resource management scheme to handle traffic congestion and demonstrate its efficacy on a real-world dataset obtained from a large operator. A high-level architecture of this deployment scenario that is compliant with the O-RAN requirements is also discussed. The article concludes with key technical challenges and open problems for future research and development.
Best practices for Dielectric Frequency Response measurements and analysis in real-world substation environment (2012)

Modern technology and developments in signal acquisition and analysis techniques have provided new tools for transformer and bushing diagnostics. Of particular interest are dielectric response measurements where insulation properties of oil-paper systems can be investigated. Dielectric Frequency Response, DFR (also known as Frequency Domain Spectroscopy, FDS), was introduced more than 20 years and has been thoroughly evaluated in a number of research projects and field tests with good results. DFR data in combination with mathematical modeling of the oil-paper insulation is proven as an excellent tool for moisture and oil conductivity assessment of power transformers. Dielectric response measurements are usually performed at a much lower voltage level than traditional power frequency tan-delta measurements. Due to this, the signal-to-noise ratio may sometimes be extremely low, especially at low frequencies and when measuring low capacitance objects e.g. bushings and instrument transformers. The interference suppression capability of the test set thus becomes an important parameter when considering different methods and instruments. In this paper investigation of the electromagnetic interference in terms of AC hum currents, induced DC currents and low frequency interference in AC as well as HVDC substations are presented. Solutions to handle these different types and levels of interference are investigated and examples of measurements under those conditions are presented. The paper also covers DFR response analysis using the XY-model. Numerical analysis using COMSOL has been performed and compared with the simplified analytical XY-model to investigate how non-ideal conditions influence geometry parameters and results.
A 50MFLOPS Superpipelined Data-driven Microprocessor (1991)

A 32b 50MFLOPS data-driven (or dataflow) microprocessor uses double-polysilicon double-metal 0.8μm CMOS technology. The processor has vector processing capability implemented in a superpipeline structure useful for many computation-intensive applications such as computer graphics and image processing. Superpipeline structure improves performance of a data-driven processor. This paper describes the superpipeline configuration, a unique clocking scheme using self-timed circuits, address generators for vector processing, and transparent memory access in a multiprocessor configuration.
AIRBAG IM RAHMENFAHRZEUG. GRUNDSATZUNTERSUCHUNGEN ZUR ENTWICKLUNG EINES AIRBAGS FUER NUTZFAHRZEUGE DER "SCHWEREN KLASSE" (1995)

Aus Analysen der Nutzfahrzeug-Unfallforschung geht hervor, dass ein Airbag ein zusaetzliches Schutzpotential fuer die Insassen von schweren Lkw bei einem Unfall bieten. Da sich schwere Nutzfahrzeuge bei einem Unfall grundlegend anders verhalten als ein Pkw, weicht die Entwicklung eines Airbags fuer Rahmenfahrzeuge von der herkoemmlichen Vorgehensweise ab. Fuer Grundsatzuntersuchungen werden deshalb neben den aus der Pkw-Entwicklung bekannten Crashtests neue, dem Nutzfahrzeug-Unfallgeschehen angepasste Crashtests entwickelt. Im Rahmen einer Versuchsreihe bei Mercedes-Benz wurde nicht nur die Entwicklung des Airbags durchgefuehrt, sondern gleichzeitig auch die Genauigkeit einer Crashsimulation fuer Rahmenfahrzeuge bestimmt. Mit Hilfe des Simulationsverfahrens kann jetzt mit nur wenigen Abgleichversuchen je Fahrzeugtyp das gesamte Spektrum an Frontalcrashtests von Rahmenfahrzeugen abgedeckt werden. Titel in Englisch: Airbag in heavy class vehicles.
Computer applications in radiation therapy treatment planning. (1984)

A virtual revolution in computer capability has occurred in the last few years, based largely on rapidly decreasing cost and increasing reliability of digital memory and mass storage capability. These developments have now made it possible to consider the application of both computer and imaging technology to a much broader range of problems in radiation therapy including dose computation, therapy planning and treatment verification. In this paper, a review of the current status in the United States of dose computational algorithms for photon beam and electron beams and treatment planning display is presented.
Theoretical model for optical oximetry at the capillary level: exploring hemoglobin oxygen saturation through backscattering of single red blood cells (2017)

Oxygen saturation ( sO 2 ) of red blood cells (RBCs) in capillaries can indirectly assess local tissue oxygenation and metabolic function. For example, the altered retinal oxygenation in diabetic retinopathy and local hypoxia during tumor development in cancer are reflected by abnormal sO 2 of local capillary networks. However, it is far from clear whether accurate label-free optical oximetry (i.e., measuring hemoglobin sO 2 ) is feasible from dispersed RBCs at the single capillary level. The sO 2 -dependent hemoglobin absorption contrast present in optical scattering signal is complicated by geometry-dependent scattering from RBCs. We present a numerical study of backscattering spectra from single RBCs based on the first-order Born approximation, considering practical factors: RBC orientations, size variation, and deformations. We show that the oscillatory spectral behavior of RBC geometries is smoothed by variations in cell size and orientation, resulting in clear sO 2 -dependent spectral contrast. In addition, this spectral contrast persists with different mean cellular hemoglobin content and different deformations of RBCs. This study shows for the first time the feasibility of, and provides a theoretical model for, label-free optical oximetry at the single capillary level using backscattering-based imaging modalities, challenging the popular view that such measurements are impossible at the single capillary level.
Minimum-entropy data partitioning using reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo (2001)

Problems in data analysis often require the unsupervised partitioning of a data set into classes. Several methods exist for such partitioning but many have the weakness of being formulated via strict parametric models (e.g., each class is modeled by a single Gaussian) or being computationally intensive in high-dimensional data spaces. We reconsider the notion of such cluster analysis in information-theoretic terms and show that an efficient partitioning may be given via a minimization of partition entropy. A reversible-jump sampling is introduced to explore the variable-dimension space of partition models.
Image processing with the radial Hilbert transform: theory and experiments (2000)

The Hilbert transform is useful for image processing because it can select which edges of an input image are enhanced and to what degree the edge enhancement occurs. However, the transform operation is one dimensional and is not applicable for arbitrarily shaped two-dimensional objects. We introduce a radially symmetric Hilbert transform that permits two-dimensional edge enhancement. We implement one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and radial Hilbert transforms with a programmable phase-only liquid-crystal spatial light modulator. Experimental results are presented.
Photocatalytic syntheses of azoxybenzene by visible light irradiation of silica-coated cadmium sulfide nanocomposites (2007)

Photoirradiation (lambda= 436 nm) of a deaerated 2-propanol aqueous solution containing nitrobenzene and rhodium-loaded silica-coated cadmium sulfide nanoparticles produced azoxybenzene with relatively high selectivity (68%), the photocatalytic activity being enhanced with a decrease in the size of the semiconductor particle core.
Experimental Study of Copper Extraction with LIX-64N by Means of Motionless Mixers (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExperimental Study of Copper Extraction with LIX-64N by Means of Motionless MixersJose C. Merchuk, Rachamim Shai, and David WolfCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1980, 19, 1, 91–97Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i260073a016https://doi.org/10.1021/i260073a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views136Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts