gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Subjective, cognitive and cardiovascular dose-effect profile of nabilone and dronabinol in marijuana smokers (2012)

Marijuana dependence is a substantial public health problem, with existing treatments showing limited efficacy. In laboratory and clinical studies, the cannabinoid receptor 1 agonist oral Δ9tetrahydrocannabinol (THC; dronabinol) has been shown to decrease marijuana withdrawal but not relapse. Dronabinol has poor bioavailability, potentially contributing to its failure to decrease relapse. The synthetic THC analogue, nabilone, has better bioavailability than dronabinol. We therefore aimed to characterize nabilone's behavioral and physiological effects across a range of acute doses in current marijuana smokers and compare these with dronabinol's effects. Participants (4 female; 10 male) smoking marijuana 6.6 (standard deviation = 0.7) days/week completed this outpatient, within-subjects, double-blind, randomized protocol. Over seven sessions, the time-dependent subjective, cognitive and cardiovascular effects of nabilone (2, 4, 6, 8 mg), dronabinol (10, 20 mg) and placebo were assessed. Nabilone (4, 6, 8 mg) and dronabinol (10, 20 mg) increased ratings of feeling a good effect, a strong effect and/or 'high' relative to placebo; nabilone had a slower onset of peak subjective effects than dronabinol. Nabilone (6, 8 mg) modestly lowered psychomotor speed relative to placebo and dronabinol. There were dose-dependent increases in heart rate after nabilone, and nabilone (2 mg) and dronabinol (10 mg) decreased systolic blood pressure. Thus, nabilone produced sustained, dose-related increases in positive mood, few cognitive decrements and lawful cardiovascular alterations. It had a longer time to peak effects than dronabinol, and effects were more dose-related, suggesting improved bioavailability. Nabilone was well tolerated by marijuana smokers, supporting further testing as a potential medication for marijuana dependence.
Synchronous composition of discretized control actions: design, verification and implementation with ORCCAD (2003)

Robotic systems are typical examples of hybrid systems where continuous time aspects, related to control laws, must be carefully merged with discrete-time aspects related to control switches and exception handling. These two aspects interact in real-time to ensure an efficient nominal behavior of the system together with safe and graceful degradation otherwise. In a mixed synchronous/asynchronous approach, ranging from user's requirements to run-time code, ORCADD provides formalized control structures, the coordination of which is specified using the ESTEREL synchronous language and formally verified using the FC2TOOLS package. CAD tools have been designed and integrated to help the users along the steps of programming, verification and implementation processes.
A Chemical Additive for Enhancing Thermal Recovery of Heavy Oil (2010)

Abstract This paper describes the development of a chemical steam additive to enhance thermal recovery of heavy oil. When applied, the chemical additive is carried along with the steam to the reservoir. In the reservoir, the chemical enhances production by increasing mobilization of the oil and enabling condensed water to carry a higher loading of oil. A lab-based coreflood setup was created to simulate the thermal recovery process by passing pressurized steam over an unconsolidated oilsand core sample. These lab-based test results establish the effectiveness of this steam additive to enhance heavy oil production at a dosage rate as low as 100 parts per million (PPM).
Content‐based image retrieval using Gaussian–Hermite moments and firefly and grey wolf optimization (2021)

Abstract Rapid growth in the transfer of multimedia information over the Internet requires algorithms to retrieve a queried image from large image database repositories. The proposed content‐based image retrieval (CBIR) uses Gaussian–Hermite moments as the low‐level features. Later these features are compressed with principal component analysis. The compressed feature set is multiplied with the weight matrix array, which has the same size as the feature vector. Hybrid firefly and grey wolf optimization (FAGWO) is used to prevent the premature convergence of optimization in the firefly algorithm. The retrieval of images in CBIR is carried out in an OpenCV python environment with K‐nearest neighbours and random forest algorithm classifiers. The fitness function for FAGWO is the accuracy of the classifier. The FAGWO algorithm derives the optimum weights from a randomly generated initial population. When these optimized weights are applied, the proposed algorithm shows better precision/recall and efficiency than other techniques such as exact legendre moments, Region‐based image retrieval, K‐means clustering ​and Color descriptor wavelet‐based texture descriptor retrieval technique. In terms of optimization, hybrid FAGWO outperformed various optimization techniques (when used alone) like Particle Swarm Optmization, Genetic Algorithm, Grey‐Wolf Optimization and FireFly algorithm.
Baidu Apollo EM Motion Planner (2018)

In this manuscript, we introduce a real-time motion planning system based on the Baidu Apollo (open source) autonomous driving platform. The developed system aims to address the industrial level-4 motion planning problem while considering safety, comfort and scalability. The system covers multilane and single-lane autonomous driving in a hierarchical manner: (1) The top layer of the system is a multilane strategy that handles lane-change scenarios by comparing lane-level trajectories computed in parallel. (2) Inside the lane-level trajectory generator, it iteratively solves path and speed optimization based on a Frenet frame. (3) For path and speed optimization, a combination of dynamic programming and spline-based quadratic programming is proposed to construct a scalable and easy-to-tune framework to handle traffic rules, obstacle decisions and smoothness simultaneously. The planner is scalable to both highway and lower-speed city driving scenarios. We also demonstrate the algorithm through scenario illustrations and on-road test results. The system described in this manuscript has been deployed to dozens of Baidu Apollo autonomous driving vehicles since Apollo v1.5 was announced in September 2017. As of May 16th, 2018, the system has been tested under 3,380 hours and approximately 68,000 kilometers (42,253 miles) of closed-loop autonomous driving under various urban scenarios. The algorithm described in this manuscript is available at https://github.com/ApolloAuto/apollo/tree/master/modules/planning.
Decision support and data mining for direct consumer-to-consumer trading (2014)

This paper describes a decision support system that integrates a hybrid neighborhood search algorithm for determining the price of sale item when it is placed for trading in the Internet. The seller would provide the condition and number of years of usage of the used item, and the intelligent system would provide real-time search on related items in the marketplace and suggest a price for trading. Data mining techniques are explored for efficient processing of a vast amount of information in the database tables. In addition, the trading system would also have the intelligence of recommending items or products to a potential buyer given the previous purchase patterns. Related items to a recently purchased item would also be suggested with an aim of providing friendly reminders and recommendations so that the user of the website would obtain a pleasant trading experience.
Molecular Evolution of a Peptide GPCR Ligand Driven by Artificial Neural Networks (2012)

Peptide ligands of G protein-coupled receptors constitute valuable natural lead structures for the development of highly selective drugs and high-affinity tools to probe ligand-receptor interaction. Currently, pharmacological and metabolic modification of natural peptides involves either an iterative trial-and-error process based on structure-activity relationships or screening of peptide libraries that contain many structural variants of the native molecule. Here, we present a novel neural network architecture for the improvement of metabolic stability without loss of bioactivity. In this approach the peptide sequence determines the topology of the neural network and each cell corresponds one-to-one to a single amino acid of the peptide chain. Using a training set, the learning algorithm calculated weights for each cell. The resulting network calculated the fitness function in a genetic algorithm to explore the virtual space of all possible peptides. The network training was based on gradient descent techniques which rely on the efficient calculation of the gradient by back-propagation. After three consecutive cycles of sequence design by the neural network, peptide synthesis and bioassay this new approach yielded a ligand with 70fold higher metabolic stability compared to the wild type peptide without loss of the subnanomolar activity in the biological assay. Combining specialized neural networks with an exploration of the combinatorial amino acid sequence space by genetic algorithms represents a novel rational strategy for peptide design and optimization.
Psychology and Politics: Lies, Damned Lies and Self-Deception (1995)

Can deception be a model for self-deception? There are familiar problems with saying that it can be. At the heart of all these problems, in the long run and despite the complexities and sophistications of the various theories, is this one evident point: all deception of another requires at least two choosing and believing agents, and such a duality is not—is it?—a model which we can tolerate for understanding a single person. Yet on the other hand we seem to have no other way of describing self-deception; most attempts to do so, even if they begin by criticising the ‘deception’ model, prove, in the long run, to come down to it.
Real Time Localized Corrosion Monitoring in Refinery Cooling Water Systems (1998)

Abstract Localized corrosion, such as pitting and crevice/underdeposit corrosion, is responsible for the majority of plant equipment corrosion failures. However, the assessment of localized corrosion in plant operating conditions is often overlooked, partly due to the fact that none of the techniques commonly used today can provide realistic and effective monitoring of localized corrosion. Research carried out has resulted in the development of the Localized Corrosion Monitor (LCM) as a solution to this problem. The LCM is based on a new and patented electrochemical method capable of in situ on-line determination of underdeposit corrosion rates. Experimental results have shown that the LCM technique can be used to determine the rate of propagation of localized corrosion in mild steel accurately and reliably. It is ideally suited to monitor the performance of corrosion inhibition programs in industrial systems. In this paper, the scientific principles behind the LCM will be described. The usefulness of the LCM will be demonstrated by the results obtained in two refinery cooling water system trials. The results demonstrate clearly that the LCM localized corrosion rate is far more sensitive to process variable changes than general corrosion rate and real time on-line localized corrosion monitoring is most effective for treatment optimization to minimize the damaging effects of process variations.
Synergic Effect between Adsorption and Photocatalysis of Metal-Free g-C3N4 Derived from Different Precursors (2015)

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) used in this work was obtained by heating dicyandiamide and melamine, respectively, at different temperatures. The differences of g-C3N4 derived from different precursors in phase composition, functional group, surface morphology, microstructure, surface property, band gap and specific surface area were investigated by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV-visible diffuse reflection spectroscopy and BET surface area analyzer, respectively. The photocatalytic discoloration of an active cationic dye, Methylene Blue (MB) under visible-light irradiation indicated that g-C3N4 derived from melamine at 500°C (CN-M500) had higher adsorption capacity and better photocatalytic activity than that from dicyandiamide at 500°C (CN-D500), which was attributed to the larger surface area of CN-M500. MB discoloration ratio over CN-M500 was affected by initial MB concentration and photocatalyst dosage. After 120 min reaction time, the blue color of MB solution disappeared completely. Subsequently, based on the measurement of the surface Zeta potentials of CN-M500 at different pHs, an active anionic dye, Methyl Orange (MO) was selected as the contrastive target pollutant with MB to reveal the synergic effect between adsorption and photocatalysis. Finally, the photocatalytic mechanism was discussed.
Detection of hidden users in cognitive radio networks (2013)

In cognitive radio networks, the unoccupied frequency bands licensed to primary users can be opportunistically accessed by secondary (low-power or hidden) cognitive users. Secondary users can be authorized low-power users, or unauthorized (hidden) users that occupy the band illegally transmitting under the noise level. More in details, the devised method is able to detect unknown low-power constant-modulus signals in noise of unknown variance, exploiting higher order moments of the received signal. The decision variable used in the detection stage is represented (only) by the estimated power of the hidden signal. Performance analysis is carried out in comparison with conventional energy detection, in the presence of noise uncertainty. In particular, the detection probabilities of the proposed and conventional methods as well as the mean detection time are evaluated and compared. The numerical results, obtained from wide simulation trials, have evidenced the efficiency of our method for detecting the hidden user's low-power signal in cognitive communications.
Transcriptome analysis of G protein-coupled receptors in distinct genetic subgroups of acute myeloid leukemia: identification of potential disease-specific targets (2016)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with poor clinical outcome and the development of more effective therapies is urgently needed. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent attractive therapeutic targets, accounting for approximately 30% of all targets of marketed drugs. Using next-generation sequencing, we studied the expression of 772 GPCRs in 148 genetically diverse AML specimens, normal blood and bone marrow cell populations as well as cord blood-derived CD34-positive cells. Among these receptors, 30 are overexpressed and 19 are downregulated in AML samples compared with normal CD34-positive cells. Upregulated GPCRs are enriched in chemokine (CCR1, CXCR4, CCR2, CX3CR1, CCR7 and CCRL2), adhesion (CD97, EMR1, EMR2 and GPR114) and purine (including P2RY2 and P2RY13) receptor subfamilies. The downregulated receptors include adhesion GPCRs, such as LPHN1, GPR125, GPR56, CELSR3 and GPR126, protease-activated receptors (F2R and F2RL1) and the Frizzled family receptors SMO and FZD6. Interestingly, specific deregulation was observed in genetically distinct subgroups of AML, thereby identifying different potential therapeutic targets in these frequent AML subgroups.
Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassays for Potato Glycoalkaloids (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorescence Polarization Immunoassays for Potato GlycoalkaloidsCarrie A. Thomson and Peter SpornsCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1995, 43, 1, 254–260Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00049a045https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00049a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views94Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mixed Alkaline-Earth Effect in the Metastable Anion Conductor Ba<sub>1–<i>x</i></sub>Ca<sub><i>x</i></sub>F<sub>2</sub> (0 ≤ <i>x</i> ≤ 1): Correlating Long-Range Ion Transport with Local Structures Revealed by Ultrafast <sup>19</sup>F MAS NMR (2011)

Fast ion conductors are urgently needed in many research areas of materials science. Advanced preparation strategies take advantage of an interplay of structural disorder, nanosize effects, and metastability. Getting access to detailed insights into the microstructure of such solids is crucial to identify the origins of fast ion conduction. High-resolution and high-sensitive spectroscopic techniques are well-suited to meet this challenge. Here, ion transport properties of a highly conducting, metastable fluoride with two isovalent cations were interrelated with the microscopic, atomic-scale structure probed by ultrafast 19F magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Nanocrystalline samples of Ba1–xCaxF2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) were prepared according to a mechanochemical route from BaF2 and CaF2. The resulting DC ion conductivity, when plotted as a function of x, passes through a well-developed maximum, which is located at xm = 0.5, while the associated activation energy Ea shows a minimum at xm. As revealed by 19F MAS NMR, five magnetically inequivalent F sites are present in the cation-mixed fluorides. These sites are characterized by a distinct number of Ba and Ca cations in the first coordination shell: [Ba]n[Ca]4–n (0 ≤ n ≤ 4). The mixed sites with n = 1,2,3 dominate the NMR spectra at intermediate values of x. Presumably, the mixed cation sublattice, causing the metastability of the compounds, influences both the formation energy of, for example, F interstitials, as well as the migration energy leading to the fast ion conduction observed.
Clinical Characterization of Suprachoroidal Injection Procedure Utilizing a Microinjector across Three Retinal Disorders (2020)

These results, along with the presented ex-vivo endoscopic imaging, suggest that SC injection could be readily adopted in clinical practice for targeted compartmentalized delivery of ocular therapeutics.
The PCC Rule in the 3GPP IMS Policy and Charging Control Architecture (2008)

Optimized processing and cost efficient solutions for providing and controlling the quality of service (QoS) are important issues for the 3GPP operators. Although the main frame of the IMS architecture in the area was defined, i.e. the policy and charging control architecture (PCC), it misses a clear definition and standardized processing of the interchanged messages. This allows for a set of different perspectives on how the main information unit of the architecture, the PCC rule, is deployable. Based on the incomplete set of requirements already existent, this paper proposes two solutions on handling QoS provisioning architectural aspects of the IMS. It also considers a comparative evaluation of the prototypes developed in this work for proving the concept of the two approaches.
Altered Dynamics in the Circadian Oscillation of Clock Genes in Dermal Fibroblasts of Patients Suffering from Idiopathic Hypersomnia (2014)

From single cell organisms to the most complex life forms, the 24-hour circadian rhythm is important for numerous aspects of physiology and behavior such as daily periodic fluctuations in body temperature and sleep-wake cycles. Influenced by environmental cues -mainly by light input -, the central pacemaker in the thalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) controls and regulates the internal clock mechanisms which are present in peripheral tissues. In order to correlate modifications in the molecular mechanisms of circadian rhythm with the pathophysiology of idiopathic hypersomnia, this study aimed to investigate the dynamics of the expression of circadian clock genes in dermal fibroblasts of idiopathic hypersomniacs (IH) in comparison to those of healthy controls (HC). Ten clinically and polysomnographically proven IH patients were recruited from the department of sleep medicine of the University Hospital of Muenster. Clinical diagnosis was done by two consecutive polysomnographies (PSG) and Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT). Fourteen clinical healthy volunteers served as control group. Dermal fibroblasts were obtained via punch biopsy and grown in cell culture. The expression of circadian clock genes was investigated by semiquantitative Reverse Transcriptase-PCR qRT-PCR analysis, confirming periodical oscillation of expression of the core circadian clock genes BMAL1, PER1/2 and CRY1/2. The amplitude of the rhythmically expressed BMAL1, PER1 and PER2 was significantly dampened in dermal fibroblasts of IH compared to HC over two circadian periods whereas the overall expression of only the key transcriptional factor BMAL1 was significantly reduced in IH. Our study suggests for the first time an aberrant dynamics in the circadian clock in IH. These findings may serve to better understand some clinical features of the pathophysiology in sleep -wake rhythms in IH.
Evidence for the synthesis and release of strongly immunosuppressive, noncytotoxic substances by Streptococcus intermedius. (1979)

Products secreted by Streptococcus intermedius were studied for their effects on the immune response. Three different preparations of crude extracellular products from S. intermedius (CEP-Si) were found to have powerful suppressor activity in vitro as shown by inhibition of human lymphocyte proliferation (uptake of [3H]thymidine) and protein synthesis in response to a wide variety of stimulants, including mitogens and antigens, and suppression of plaque formation by human cells in response to sheep erythrocytes. CEP-Si was noncytotoxic, because cells incubated with high concentrations of CEP-Si and subsequently washed were viable and recovered their ability to respond to mitogens, and because leukocyte migration was not inhibited by CEP-Si, nor was the release of leukocyte migration inhibitory factor from sensitized lymphocytes. The possibility of antigen or mitogen competition was excluded. The effects of CEP-Si in vitro were time dependent and did not require the presence of monocytes. Cells pretreated with CEP-Si and then washed suppressed plaque formation by fresh autologous cells in highly stimulated cultures. CEP-Si injected into C57BL/6 mice also strongly suppressed their immune response to sheep erythrocytes, and the in vivo suppression was correlated with the effects of CEP-Si in vitro.
A perfusion technique for tongues to be used in bioheat transfer studies (1991)

Hyperthermia, the application of a temperature elevation to approximately 43 degrees C to tumour tissue, is an important adjuvant cancer treatment. One of the main problems in treatment planning is predicting the influence of tissue blood flow on the temperature distribution. Isolated, perfused animal organs are suitable for studying this influence experimentally. The preparation of bovine tongues and the composition of the perfusion fluid are described. The perfusion technique used in the hyperthermia studies is described.