gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Layered Space-Time-Frequency Coded OFDM for Next Generation Mobile Multimedia Systems (2007)

We consider the architecture of layered space-time-frequency (STF) coding as a combination of orthogonal precoding and hybrid space-time block coding (STBC) for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless multimedia systems. This approach provides both maximum transmit diversity and spatial multiplexing with moderate complexity. The proposed layered STF coded transmission scheme is practical and efficient over multipath fading channels. In addition, it is possible to obtain maximum frequency diversity gain by means of the orthogonal precoding that enhances the system performance.
Quantification Below the Lloq in Regulated Lc–Ms/Ms Assays: A Review of Bioanalytical Considerations and Cautions (2019)

In response to an earlier workshop covering the pros and cons of quantification below the LLOQ (BLQ) the author reviews the topics discussed from the bioanalytical standpoint. Important considerations for estimating concentrations below the LLOQ include: method signal-to-noise, baseline shape and condition, close lying interference peaks (especially for protein methods), matrix effect, adsorption and stability of the analyte at low concentrations and carryover. These methodological issues are discussed as possible contributors to inaccuracy in BLQ estimations, and appropriate cautions are provided via examples. A proposed method for the evaluation of BLQ estimations utilizes extended incurred sample reanalysis analysis where BLQ samples or spiked simulated samples are analyzed with quality controls and standards in addition to those in the original study. Generally, BLQ estimations are discouraged, with the recommendation that any extrapolations should be done in close collaboration between the pharmacokinetic (PK) and bioanalytical scientists in consultation with the regulatory agency.
A synthesis-for-transparency approach for hierarchical and system-on-a-chip test (2003)

Test data propagation through modules and test vector translation are two major challenges encountered in hierarchical testing. We propose a new synthesis-for-test approach in which multiplexers are embedded in the behavioral models of the various modules constituting a hierarchical system. This approach can also be applied to system-on-a-chip designs in which synthesizable models are available for the embedded cores. The embedded multiplexers provide complete single-cycle transparency, thereby offering a straightforward yet effective solution to the problems of test data propagation and test vector translation. In order to determine module I/O bitwidths for single-cycle transparency, a global analysis is carried out using a graph-theoretic framework and an optimization method based on integer linear programming. Case studies using high-level synthesis benchmarks and an industrial-strength benchmark show that synthesis for transparency introduces very little area and performance overhead.
Systematic Dissection of the Agrobacterium Type VI Secretion System Reveals Machinery and Secreted Components for Subcomplex Formation (2013)

The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is widely distributed in pathogenic Proteobacteria. Sequence and structural analysis of T6SS reveals a resemblance to the T4 bacteriophage tail, in which an outer sheath structure contracts an internal tube for injecting nucleic acid into bacterial cells. However, the molecular details of how this phage tail-like T6SS structure is assembled in vivo and executed for exoprotein or effector secretion remain largely unknown. Here, we used a systematic approach to identify T6SS machinery and secreted components and investigate the interaction among the putative sheath and tube components of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. We showed that 14 T6SS components play essential roles in the secretion of the T6SS hallmark exoprotein Hcp. In addition, we discovered a novel T6SS exoprotein, Atu4347, that is dispensable for Hcp secretion. Interestingly, Atu4347 and the putative tube components, Hcp and VgrG, are mainly localized in the cytoplasm but also detected on the bacterial surface. Atu4342 (TssB) and Atu4341 (TssC41) interact with and stabilize each other, which suggests that they are functional orthologs of the sheath components TssB (VipA) and TssC (VipB), respectively. Importantly, TssB interacts directly with the three exoproteins (Hcp, VgrG, and Atu4347), in which Hcp also interacts directly with VgrG-1 on co-purification from Escherichia coli. Further co-immunoprecipitation and pulldown assays revealed these subcomplex(es) in A. tumefaciens and thereby support T6SS functioning as a contractile phage tail-like structure.
Discurso literario y discurso gráfico en la novela " La honrada " (1890) de Jacinto Octavio Picón (2012)

Analysis of the relation between the literary speech of Jacinto Octavio Picon's novel La honrada and the pictures of Pellicer and Cuchy that they accompanied on his first edition.
CAMTA: Causal Attention Model for Multi-touch Attribution (2020)

Advertising channels have evolved from conventional print media, billboards and radio-advertising to online digital advertising (ad), where the users are exposed to a sequence of ad campaigns via social networks, display ads, search etc. While advertisers revisit the design of ad campaigns to concurrently serve the requirements emerging out of new ad channels, it is also critical for advertisers to estimate the contribution from touch-points (view, clicks, converts) on different channels, based on the sequence of customer actions. This process of contribution measurement is often referred to as multi-touch attribution (MTA). In this work, we propose CAMTA, a novel deep recurrent neural network architecture which is a causal attribution mechanism for user-personalised MTA in the context of observational data. CAMTA minimizes the selection bias in channel assignment across time-steps and touchpoints. Furthermore, it utilizes the users' pre-conversion actions in a principled way in order to predict per-channel attribution. To quantitatively benchmark the proposed MTA model, we employ the real-world Criteo dataset and demonstrate the superior performance of CAMTA with respect to prediction accuracy as compared to several baselines. In addition, we provide results for budget allocation and user-behaviour modeling on the predicted channel attribution.
Coupled Catalytic and Autocatalytic Oxidation Reactions Linked by a Feedback Reaction Part 1. The Mechanism of the Superadditive Oxidation of p‐Phenylenediamines by Iron(III)<sub>aq</sub> and Hexacyanoferrate (1985)

Abstract The 2‐step oxidation of some organic compounds in homogeneous aqueous solution often occurs according to an autocatalytic mechanism, because by a feedback reaction the semi oxidized form is autocatalytically increased. In presence of two different oxidants additional homogeneous catalysis can sometimes be observed, yielding a complex redox system which often causes curious experimental curves. For example p‐phenylenediamines are oxidized by iron(III) aq irreversibly, but slowly, whereas hexacyanoferrate(III) oxidizes rapidly, but reversibly. A mixture of both oxidants, however, oxidizes rapidly and irreversibly, even if the concentration of hexacyanoferrate is less than 10 −8 M.
How to sanitize data? (2005)

Balancing the needs of a data analyst with the privacy needs of a data provider is a key issue when data is sanitized. We treat both the requirements of the analyst and the privacy expectations as policies, and compose the two policies to detect conflicts. The result can be applied to an intermediate data representation to sanitize the relevant pans of the data. We conclude that this method has promise, but more work is needed to determine its effectiveness and limits.
DNN-Based Feature Extraction and Classifier Combination for Child-Directed Speech, Cold and Snoring Identification (2017)

In this study we deal with the three sub-challenges of the Interspeech ComParE Challenge 2017, where the goal is to identify child-directed speech, speakers having a cold, and different types of snoring sounds.For the first two sub-challenges we propose a simple, two-step feature extraction and classification scheme: first we perform frame-level classification via Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), and then we extract utterancelevel features from the DNN outputs.By utilizing these features for classification, we were able to match the performance of the standard paralinguistic approach (which involves extracting thousands of features, many of them being completely irrelevant to the actual task).As for the Snoring Sub-Challenge, we divided the recordings into segments, and averaged out some frame-level features segment-wise, which were then used for utterance-level classification.When combining the predictions of the proposed approaches with those got by the standard paralinguistic approach, we managed to outperform the baseline values of the Cold and Snoring sub-challenges on the hidden test sets.
A single-chip all-bipolar camera-control integrated circuit (1977)

Describes an integrated circuit in which special processing provides low-current (/spl les/1 nA)/spl beta/, a high-speed silicon photodiode, and an on-chip capacitor to control the shutter and aperture and blink a low-light indicator at 4 Hz without external parts or calibration. In the system approach, current was selected as the analog of scene brightness. Two chips were developed for two different camera systems, one of which was the instant-developing type.
Analgesic profile of intrathecal P2X3 antisense oligonucleotide treatment in chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain states in rats (2002)

Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP), acting at P2X ionotropic receptors, is implicated in numerous sensory processes. Exogenous ATP has been shown to be algogenic in both animals and humans. Research focus has been directed towards the P2X(3) receptor, as it is preferentially expressed on nociceptive C-fibers and its implication in pain processing is supported by an altered nociceptive phenotype in P2X(3) knock-out mice. In order to further characterize the role of P2X(3) receptor activation in nociception, we evaluated the effects of continuous intrathecal administration of P2X(3) antisense oligonucleotides for 7 days in the rat. P2X(3) receptor antisense oligonucleotide treatment significantly decreased nociceptive behaviors observed after injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), formalin or alphabeta-methylene ATP into the rat's hind paw. The anti-hyperalgesic effects of the antisense treatment in the CFA model of inflammatory pain were dose related. Similar effects were observed with two distinct P2X(3) antisense oligonucleotides. These behavioral effects were significantly correlated with a decrease in P2X(3) receptor protein expression in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG). In contrast, a decrease in P2X(3) receptor protein expression in the DRG did not affect nociceptive behavior in the carrageenan model of acute thermal hyperalgesia. P2X(3) receptor antisense oligonucleotide treatment also significantly reduced mechanical allodynia observed after spinal nerve ligation. Overall, the present data demonstrate that activation of P2X(3) receptors contribute to the expression of chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain states and that relief form these forms of chronic pain might be achieved by selective blockade of P2X(3 )receptor expression or activation.
Network Access Control Mechanism Based on Locator/Identifier Split (2009)

Legacy IP address-based access control has met many challenges, because the network nodes cannot be identified accurately based on their variable IP addresses. ldquolocator/identifier splitrdquo has made it possible to build a network access control mechanism based on the permanent identifier. With the support of ldquolocator/identifier splitrdquo routing and addressing concept, the identifier-based access control (IBAC) makes network access control more accurate and efficient, and fits for mobile nodespsila access control quite well. Moreover, Self-verifying Identifier makes it possible for the receiver to verify the packet senderpsilas identity without the third part authentication, which greatly reduces the probability of ldquoidentifier spoofingrdquo.
Differences in Immune Cells Engaged in Cell-Mediated Immunity After Chemotherapy for Far Advanced Pancreatic Cancer (2005)

Objectives: Little is known about the effects of chemotherapy on the immunity of cancer patient or the ideal timing for immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy. To address these questions, we evaluated the effect of gemcitabine and cisplatin combination chemotherapy on the immunity of pancreatic cancer patients. Methods: Thirteen patients with far advanced pancreatic cancer were enrolled and 7 sex- and age-matched healthy volunteers were included as a control group. Results: Compared with healthy controls, the amounts of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer cells, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells were reduced. With this numerical suppression, NK cell cytotoxicity to K562 leukemia cells was also significantly impaired (7.7% ± 4.9% versus 21.7% ± 7.9% of DNA loss; P = 0.016). Serum concentrations of VEGF and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were higher than the control group (192.1 ± 114.7 versus 50.8 ± 39.5 pg/mL of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and 122 ± 68.9 versus 111.4 ± 37.4 pg/mL of IL-10). After 1 cycle of gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy, the impaired immunity of patients with pancreatic cancer was restored. Specifically, the recovery of DCs occurred rapidly and exceeded the value of healthy controls. Levels of the immunosuppressive cytokines, IL-10 and VEGF, gradually decreased during chemotherapy. Conclusions: Systemic chemotherapy seems to be beneficial for restoring the impaired immunity of patients with pancreatic cancer, and one of the ideal times to collect DCs for immunotherapy is after completing each cycle of chemotherapy.
Hospital Bed Support System Based on Machine Learning (2020)

Recent years, the phenomenon of hospital overcrowding has become more and more severe and occurs in all levels with 2-3 people per bed, which has become an urgent issue for the health system as well as the whole society. One of the solutions to reduce this situation is to arrange beds in a reasonable way. Based on the large amount of data on examination and treatment in hospitals, we propose a solution to use Machine Learning to solve the above problem. A district hospital in Binh Dinh has provided 15066 medical records of 20 different hospitalizations, including information on patients such as year of birth, ethnicity, hometown, diagnosis, date admission and discharge date. With these records, we have built into a dataset and conducted experiments that predict the number of days the patient will be inpatient. The best experimental result is the use of XGBoost Regression, the R2 coefficient is about 0.84.
DUAL ROLE OF MANNAN‐BINDING PROTEIN IN INFECTIONS: ANOTHER CASE OF HETEROSIS? (1994)

Human mannan-binding protein (MBP) is a serum lectin that participates in the immune defence by mediating phagocytosis and activation of complement. Variant MBP alleles causing dominant low-serum concentrations have high frequencies in all populations studied, and therefore, low MBP concentrations may confer selective advantages to those individuals carrying the variant alleles. Mycobacterium leprae, the causative agent of leprosy, is an obligate intracellular parasite dependent on phagocytosis to invade host cells. The serum concentrations of MBP in 36 Ethiopian patients (median: 1688 micrograms l-1) with lepromatous or borderline lepromatous leprosy were significantly (P < 0.001) higher than in 26 healthy Ethiopian blood donors (median: 368 micrograms l-1). Only 17% of the patients vs. 58% of the donors (P = 0.0019) had the relatively low MBP concentrations usually associated with variant alleles. Functional studies revealed that M. leprae and M. tuberculosis sonicates bind MBP as strongly as pure mannan. These observations suggest a role for mycobacteria as a selective force in the positive selection of alleles causing low levels of MBP and warrant genetic studies of patients infected with these bacteria.
Analysis of a predominant immunoglobulin population in the cerebrospinal fluid of a multiple sclerosis patient by means of an anti-idiotypic hybridoma antibody. (1981)

We have produced hybridoma antibodies directed against immunoglobulins present in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with multiple sclerosis (MS). One hybridoma antibody recognized an idiotypic determinant of an immunoglobulin population [an idiotype (Id)] which constituted approximately 1% of the immunoglobulin present in the cerebrospinal fluid. The Id focused in the pH range 8.0-8.4. It was present at roughly 10- to 15-fold higher relative (compared to total immunoglobulin) concentration in cerebrospinal fluid than in serum of the homologous MS patient. The Id could not be detected in three cerebrospinal fluid samples and 28 serum samples of heterologous MS patients or in the serum of 43 optic neuritis patients. The Id persisted in the homologous MS patient at increased concentration over the entire (6 years) observation period. The Id could be shown to react with a Theiler murine encephalomyelitis virus strain WW which was isolated from mice after inoculation with periplaque white matter from brain in a histologically confirmed case of MS.
Ferroelectric BaTiO3 thin-film optical waveguide modulators (2002)

High-quality BaTiO3 epitaxial thin films on MgO substrates have been grown by pulsed-laser deposition. Both, c-axis and a-axis BaTiO3 orientations were studied. Mach–Zehnder optical waveguide modulators with a fork angle of 1.7° have been fabricated by ion-beam etching. The waveguides are of the ridge type, the BaTiO3 thickness is 1 μm, the ridge step 50 nm, and the width 2 μm. Light was coupled into the waveguides from optical fibers. The BaTiO3 waveguide propagation losses are 2–3 dB/cm. Electrodes of 3 mm length were deposited besides the waveguides. Electro-optic modulation has been demonstrated with Vπ=6.3 V at 632 nm wavelength and Vπ=9.5 V at 1550 nm wavelength for the a-axis samples, and with Vπ=8 V at 632 nm wavelength and Vπ=15 V at 1550 nm for the c-axis samples. Theoretical modelling of the Mach–Zehnder modulators for both crystalline orientations of the BaTiO3 films gave the Pockels coefficients r51=80 pm/V for the c-axis film and an effective Pockels coefficient reff=734 pm/V for the a-axis films at 632 nm wavelength.
Absolute Number versus Percentage of T-Helper Lymphocytes in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection (1990)

COLLEAGUES-We welcome articles such as Jonsen's thoughtprovoking perspective in which he addresses ethical issues related to research with volunteers [1]. We wish to expand his comments based on our experiences recruiting and counseling large numbers of volunteers who participate in experimental vaccine trials, especially trials of AIDS vaccine candidates.
Tunable Capacitor Based on Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal for Power Harvesting Microsystems (2008)

A tunable capacitor based on polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal (PDLC) technology is presented in this paper. Its application for robust power harvesting microsystems was investigated. The power harvesting device utilized a piezoelectric microcantilever excited by ambient random vibrations to convert mechanical energy into electric power. For improving the power harvesting efficiency, the PDLC tunable capacitor was used to adjust the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric microcantilever beam to match the frequency of the ambient vibrations in real time. The fabrication process and measurement results of the PDLC tunable capacitor are detailed. The measured tuning ratio of the PDLC tunable capacitor was 63% at 300-Hz excitation frequency when a 25-V driving voltage was applied. The dielectric and optical properties of the fabricated PDLC tunable capacitor have been examined thoroughly. Based on the results of the experiment, an equivalent lumped-element model of the PDLC tunable capacitor has been developed. The simulation results showed that the impedance of the developed model agreed well with that of the fabricated tunable capacitor. This model can be incorporated into the equivalent circuit of the integrated power harvesting system for efficiency optimization.
Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 Regulates TNF-Induced Production of Joint Destructive Effectors in Synoviocytes (2013)

cPLA2α appears to be an important regulator of central effectors of inflammation and joint destruction, namely MMP3, IL8, COX2, and PGE2. Decreased transcription of the PLA2G4A and COX2 genes in response to cPLA2α enzyme inhibition further suggest a self-reinforcing effect of cPLA2α inhibition in response to TNF. Collectively, these results support that cPLA2α is an attractive therapeutic target candidate as its inhibition reduces the production of multiple key pro-inflammatory factors involved in RA pathogenesis.
Up-regulation of interleukin 4/B-cell stimulatory factor 1 receptor expression. (1988)

The expression of interleukin 4 (IL-4) receptors on resting T and B lymphocytes was enhanced 4- to 8-fold by IL-4 stimulation of these cells. Other agents such as lipopolysaccharide and anti-IgM for B cells and concanavalin A for T cells also caused increased IL-4 receptor expression, although to a somewhat smaller degree than IL-4. Using a newly developed flow cytometric analysis based on the binding of biotinylated IL-4 and phycoerythrin-streptavidin, it was observed that receptor up-regulation in a T-cell population treated with IL-4 was a feature of the majority of the T cells. Analysis of IL-4 by cross-linkage of 125I-labeled IL-4 to IL-4 receptor with disuccinimidyl suberate indicated that the IL-4-IL-4 receptor complex was the same size in the resting and up-regulated cells, implying that the same receptor species found in resting cells was up-regulated in response to IL-4.
MDR1 Genotype-related Pharmacokinetics: Fact or Fiction? (2005)

Multidrug resistant transporter MDR1/P-glycoprotein, the gene product of MDR1, is a glycosylated membrane protein of 170 kDa, belonging to the ATP-binding cassette superfamily of membrane transporters. A number of various types of structurally unrelated drugs are substrates for MDR1, and MDR1 and other transporters are recognized as an important class of proteins for regulating pharmacokinetics. The first investigation of the effects of MDR1 genotypes on pharmacotherapy was reported in 2000; a silent single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), C3435T in exon 26, was found to be associated with the duodenal expression of MDR1, and thereby the plasma concentration of digoxin after oral administration. In the last 5 years, clinical studies have been conducted around the world on the association of MDR1 genotype with MDR1 expression and function in tissues, and with the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs; however, there are still discrepancies in the results on C3435T. In 1995, a novel concept to predict in vivo oral pharmacokinetic performance from data on in vivo permeability and in vitro solubility has been proposed, and this Biopharmaceutical Classification System strongly suggested that the effects of intestinal MDR1 on the intestinal absorption of substrates is minimal in the case of commercially available oral drugs, and therefore MDR1 genotypes are little associated with the pharmacokinetics after oral administration. This review summarizes the latest reports for the future individualization of pharmacotherapy based on MDR1 genotyping, and attempts to explain discrepancies.
Sirolimus for non‐progressive NF1‐associated plexiform neurofibromas: An NF clinical trials consortium phase II study (2013)

This study efficiently documented that sirolimus does not cause shrinkage of non-progressive PNs, and thus should not be considered as a treatment option for these tumors. This study also supports the inclusion of patient-reported outcome measures in clinical trials to assess areas of benefit that are not addressed by the medical outcomes.