gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flexible Cloud Computing by Integrating Public-Private Clouds Using OpenStack (2015)

Organizations today are moving towards cloud computing in order to reduce their upfront capital expenses. Typically, organizations have limited infrastructure with which they create a private cloud. If the number of user requests go beyond those that can be supported by the limited infrastructure, new user requests are denied. In order to overcome this situation, in this paper, we suggest building a cost aware flexible cloud. We integrate the organization's private cloud with a public cloud. For new requests that need to be hosted on the public cloud, the organization pays rental costs. When the number of requests at the organization goes below a certain threshold, some instances already migrated to the public cloud can be migrated back to the private cloud for reducing the rental costs. We provide solutions to both these issues and have demonstrated an implementation over the open-source Open Stack framework.
Control study with a pilot crane (1990)

The pilot crane and its instrumentation are briefly introduced. The crane offers a uniform environment for a complete control engineering design starting from modeling and ending with tuning of different controllers. The potential possibilities of the crane environment for practical education of control engineering are described. The modeling issues are considered, and different identification methods are compared. Different control algorithms are applied to the load transfer in the pilot crane. The experiments show that the controllers must adapt automatically to the rope length. The velocity-controlled crane, which is a standard in industry, is the focus of the discussion. An illustrative open-loop minimum-time control is derived for the load transfer. A simple root-locus method is used to tune a cascade type of PID controller, which works satisfactorily with fixed rope length. Different pole-placement methods suffered from sensitivity and robustness problems. Good results are achieved after ill-conditioning is understood and avoided. As an example, an adaptive pole-placement control law which was tested successfully is provided.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Homoeopathic Oscillococcinum for preventing and treating influenza and influenza-like syndromes (1999)

Oscillococcinum probably reduces the duration of illness in patients presenting with influenza symptoms. Though promising, the data are not strong enough to make a general recommendation to use Oscillococcinum for first-line treatment of influenza and influenza-like syndrome. Further research is warranted but required sample sizes are large. Current evidence does not support a preventative effect of homeopathy in influenza and influenza-like syndromes.
A new high-pressure phase of solid carbon dioxide (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA new high-pressure phase of solid carbon dioxideRoland C. HansonCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 21, 4499–4501Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100267a019https://doi.org/10.1021/j100267a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views196Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Prediction of the Influence of Induced Stresses in Silicon on CMOS Performance in a Cu-Through-Via Interconnect Technology (2007)

One approach to 3D chip stacking and integration is to process filled Cu-vias into the Si and to attach them to a next level die by means of thermocompression bonding. This results in induced stresses in the silicon due to the large CTE disparity between copper and silicon, and also from the force applied during thermocompression bonding. These stresses can have an impact on the performance of the transistors and may as well result in die fracture. This paper studies these stresses through Finite Element modeling. We found that the keep-away- zone of the transistors from the copper via where transistor performance is impacted by the through-Si interconnect proximity, is proportional to the via diameter. The bonding temperature is found to be the main cause for the induced stresses during the thermocompression bonding process. The induced stresses in silicon decrease with decreasing the silicon thickness.
Is Rectosigmoid Vaginoplasty Still Useful? (2017)

Background The ideal vaginoplasty must be successful functionally as well as have a natural appearance, and also must retain its functionality and appearance over the long term. Conventional vaginoplasty techniques have functional limitations and are associated with recurrent complications, but rectosigmoid vaginoplasty is known to have a high satisfaction rate due to its functional similarity with the vagina. We conducted the present study to assess the usability of rectosigmoid vaginoplasty over the course of long-term follow-up. Methods From March 1992 to February 2014, 84 patients were treated with rectosigmoid vaginoplasty; 44 had gender identity disorder, 29 had vaginal agenesis, 8 had female pseudohermaphroditism, and 3 had gynecologic malignancies after radical pelvic surgery. This retrospective study was based on a review of the patients' records, clinical examinations, complications, and questionnaires about appearance, function, and sexual intercourse. Results All patients who underwent rectosigmoid vaginoplasty were discharged within 2 weeks without surgical flap loss. The early complications were partial flap necrosis, difficulty in defecation, mucous hypersecretion, and postoperative ileus. The late complications were vaginal introitus contracture, vaginal prolapse, and difficulty in urination. The mean length and diameter of the neovagina 3.4 years after rectosigmoid vaginoplasty were 13.2 cm and 3.8 cm, respectively. On questionnaires about satisfaction, 70% of patients reported excellent satisfaction, 11% good, 12% fair, and 7% poor. Conclusions Rectosigmoid vaginoplasty is useful, safe, and well-accepted operative method with good functional and cosmetic results, such as natural lubrication and adequate vaginal length and width obtained without requiring the use of a dilator.
In data veritas (2013)

The increasing deployment of distributed systems to solve large data and computational problems has not seen a concomitant increase in tools and techniques to test these systems. In this paper, we propose a data driven approach to testing. We translate our intuitions and expectations about how the system should behave into invariants, the truth of which can be verified from data emitted by the system. Our particular implementation of the invariants uses Q, a high-performance analytical database, programmed with a vector language.
Conversion of dTDP-4-keto-6-deoxyglucose to free dTDP-4-keto-rhamnose by the rmlC gene products of Escherichia coli and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (1999)

dTDP-rhamnose is made from glucose-1-phosphate and dTTP by four enzymes encoded by rmIA-D. An Escherichia coli rmIC mutant was constructed and a crude enzyme extract prepared from it did not produce dTDP-4-keto-rhamnose, in contrast to a crude enzyme extract prepared from a wild-type E. coli strain where small amounts of this intermediate were found after incubation with dTDP-glucose in the absence of NADPH. These results showed that dTDP-4-keto-rhamnose, the product of RmIC, exists as a free intermediate. Further, the Mycobacterium tuberculosis rmIC gene was expressed and incubation of the resulting purified M. tuberculosis RmIC enzyme with dTDP-4-keto-6-deoxyglucose resulted in the conversion of approximately 7% of dTDP-4-keto-6-deoxyglucose to dTDP-4-keto-rhamnose. The enzyme also allowed for the incorporation of two deuterium atoms from deuterium oxide solvent into dTDP-4-keto-glucose. Thus the rmIC gene encodes dTDP-4-keto-6-deoxyglucose epimerase capable of epimerizing at both C-3' and C-5'; this enzyme produces free dTDP-4-keto-rhamnose but the equilibrium of the 4-keto sugar nucleotides lies strongly on the side of the gluco configuration.
Metallized foams for fractal-shaped microstrip antennas (2008)

An antenna manufacturing process using metallized foams is presented. A microstrip-patch antenna, inspired by the Koch island geometry, embedded in a tectangular cavity is built and tested. All the metallic parts of the antenna (patch, cavity, and feeding probe) were metaliized on the foam, resulting in a low-weight and low-complexity antenna structure. The results of return loss, directivity as a function of frequency, radiation pattern for several modes, and radiation efficiency have been compared with simulated data, resulting in very good agreement.
Other-cell interference in cellular power-controlled CDMA (1994)

An improved series of bounds is presented for the other-cell interference in cellular power-controlled CDMA. The bounds are based on allowing control by one of a limited set of base stations. In particular, it is shown that the choice of cellular base station with least interference among the set of N/sub c/>1 nearest base stations yields much lower total mean interference from the mobile subscribers than the choice of only the single nearest base station.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Materials for Thermoelectric Application Based on the System GeTe-AgBiTe2 (2001)

The thermoelectric parameters (thermoelectric power S, electrical conductivity σand thermal conductivity κ) from the system (GeTe)1—x(AgBiTe2)x are measured in the temperature range from 300 to 800 K on hot-pressed samples with x = 0.03, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20. The thermoelectric figure of merit Z and the Ioffe criterion ZTaverage are calculated. The maximum value ZT = 1.32 at T = 700 K is found for the composition containing 3 mol% AgBiTe2. This value is practically the same as for TAGS 85, a material widely applied in USA space devices, and determines the utility of the new thermoelectric material.
Dynamics of heat shock protein 90-progesterone receptor binding and the disactivation loop model for steroid receptor complexes. (1993)

A cell-free system was used to examine heat shock protein 90 (hsp90)-progesterone receptor (PR) binding at near physiological conditions. Four major findings are presented: 1) hsp90 is required to maintain ligand binding by PR at elevated temperatures; 2) hsp70 and heat shock-related protein p60 are components of an intermediate assembly complex that precedes formation of a mature hsp90-PR complex; 3) hsp90-PR complexes are in a steady state assembly/disassembly cycle (t1/2, 5 min); and 4) hsp90 dissociation is not accelerated after progesterone binding; instead, progesterone prevents PR from forming hsp70-mediated assembly complexes. A model incorporating these findings is presented in which unliganded PR is maintained in a disactivation loop of assembly/disassembly with hsp90; hormone binding releases PR from this loop to proceed along an activation pathway.
A Clinical Quality Improvement Project to Reduce the Rate of Electronic Prescription Errors in Primary Care Practice (2011)

Prescription errors are not uncommon in clinical practice. At the Bukit Merah Polyclinic, the rates of prescription errors for the month of May and June 2009 were 0.40% to 0.45% respectively. The error rates for other clinics at Singhealth Polyclinics ranged from 0.35% to 0.97% over the same period of time. The objective of the project was to reduce electronic prescription error rates at the Bukit Merah Polyclinic. Initial data showed that most of the errors occurred because of wrong patient identification, as well as errors in dosing and frequency which were perpetuated by repeating mistakes made previously when all the medications were repeated en-bloc in our Electronic Prescription Manager (Rx Manager). Using Quality Improvement tools, the team identified possible causes, and implemented interventions. Our interventions, abbreviated “IR” as an easy-to-remember mnemonic, were targeted at the main sources of errors. This involved “I”dentifying the patient correctly and “R”e-typing and amending the erroneous prescriptions on our Rx Manager, “R”e-printing and “R”e-sending them to the pharmacy, before dispensing could occur. Post-intervention results were analysed to evaluate the effectiveness of the measures taken. The results showed a significant and sustainable drop in our prescription error rates (0.45% in June 2009 before the commencement of the interventions, compared to 0.15% in December 2009, upon completion of the project). By targeting patient identification and correcting mistakes made in the Rx Manager, we managed to reduce electronic prescription error rates.
Design methodology of high performance on-chip global interconnect using terminated transmission-line (2009)

We explore two schemes using transmission-line (T-line) to achieve high-performance global interconnects on VLSI chips. For both schemes, we select wire dimensions to ensure T-line effects present and employ inverter chains as drivers and receivers. In order to achieve high throughput and alleviate Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI), high termination resistance is used in the second scheme. For the two schemes, we discuss how to optimize the wire dimensions and the effects of driver impedance and termination resistance on the wire bandwidth. Secondly, design methodology is proposed to determine the optimal design variables for three objectives. We adopt the proposed methodology and compare the performance metrics with repeated RC wires. Simulation results show that, the proposed T-line schemes reduce the delay and improve the throughput as much as 82% and 63%, for min-ddp (delay <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> -power product) objective.
Input impedance conditions for minimizing the noise figure of an analog optical link (1998)

We use an equivalent-circuit model to derive the minimum noise figure (NF) for an amplifierless optical analog link with a perfect lossless input impedance-matching circuit. This minimum, which is 3 dB, is called the lossless passive match limit. We contrast the link model with an analogous equivalent-circuit model for a transistor amplifier, which does not have the same limiting NF under this impedance-matching condition. It turns out that the link's 3-dB limit arises from the ohmic nature of the impedance of the device that modulates the light, and not from the electro-optic conversion processes in the link. In a prior experimental link, with near-perfect impedance matching, dissipative loss in our input circuit precluded achieving a measured NF of less than 4 dB. Investigation of the effects of input impedance mismatch indicates that mismatch can actually lower the NP to below 3 dB even when dissipative loss is present in the input circuit. We have used this mismatch effect to reduce the measured NF of our link to 2.5 dB at 130 MHz. We believe this is the first demonstration of amplifierless-link NF of less than 3 dB.
Uteri of women with endometrial carcinoma contain a histopathological spectrum of monoclonal putative precancers, some with microsatellite instability. (1996)

We have tested the hypothesis that endometrial precancers persist in uteri of patients with endometrial carcinoma and are monoclonal. Twenty-two hysterectomies with both well-differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma and adjacent (normal or abnormal) noncancerous endometrium underwent successful clonal analysis using a PCR assay for nonrandom X chromosome inactivation. Monoclonal lesions included endometrial carcinoma, endometrial polyps, and atypical endometrial hyperplasias, whereas normal and anovulatory endometrium were polyclonal. Comparison of the specific X chromosome copy preferentially inactivated by the matched monoclonal cancers and associated monoclonal lesions allowed us to exclude polyps, but not endometrial hyperplasias, as potential precancers. The repetitive genetic marker (HUMARA) for X inactivation was altered in some cancers, permitting identification of microsatellite instability (RER+). Two patients with RER+ cancers also had adjacent RER+ hyperplasias. The seven monoclonal and two RER+ hyperplasias had focal or diffuse cytological atypia, a feature previously associated with risk for endometrial cancer. We conclude that: (a) putative endometrial precancers and cancers share a monoclonal growth pattern; (b) cancers with microsatellite instability may acquire this feature as precancers; and (c) monoclonal endometrial precancers have the morphology of hyperplasias, which vary in the extent of cytological atypia and degree of architectural complexity.
Incidence and morbidity of extubation failure in surgical intensive care patients (1988)

The rate of extubation failure (reintubation rate) was determined for 700 consecutive extubations in surgical patients admitted to one of two ICUs. Patients were weaned in a standardized fashion and extubated using a standardized gas exchange and mechanics criteria. Of 400 extubations in the general surgical ICU, there were 22 reintubations in 20 patients. Average age was 65 yr, and the major reason for reintubation was need for positive-pressure ventilation. Morbidity (pulmonary edema and/or pneumonia) was 36%, and the inhospital mortality was 40% in this group. The major cause of death was progressive cardiopulmonary failure. There were 10 failures in eight patients, of 300 extubations in the Burn/Trauma unit, where the mean age was 44 yr. Five failures occurred in patients with smoke inhalation and burns, a 13% incidence in this population. The reason for reintubation was airway maintenance and pulmonary toilet. Four failures occurred in head injury patients, a 5% incidence with the major reason for reintubation being airway protection. Morbidity was 60% (new pulmonary infiltrates), while mortality rate was only 10% in this group. Only one failure was noted in a nonhead-injured trauma patient. In no group studied were any predictors of extubation failure detected. We conclude that the incidence, reasons for, and outcome of reintubations in surgical ICU patients varies dramatically depending on the underlying disease process. Overall failure rate was 4%.
Chemogenetic Activation of Melanopsin Retinal Ganglion Cells Induces Signatures of Arousal and/or Anxiety in Mice (2016)

Functional imaging and psychometric assessments indicate that bright light can enhance mood, attention, and cognitive performance in humans. Indirect evidence links these events to light detection by intrinsically photosensitive melanopsin-expressing retinal ganglion cells (mRGCs) [1-9]. However, there is currently no direct demonstration that mRGCs can have such an immediate effect on mood or behavioral state in any species. We addressed this deficit by using chemogenetics to selectively activate mRGCs, simulating the excitatory effects of bright light on this cell type in dark-housed mice. This specific manipulation evoked circadian phase resetting and pupil constriction (known consequences of mRGC activation). It also induced c-Fos (a marker of neuronal activation) in multiple nuclei in the hypothalamus (paraventricular, dorsomedial, and lateral hypothalamus), thalamus (paraventricular and centromedian thalamus), and limbic system (amygdala and nucleus accumbens). These regions influence numerous aspects of autonomic and neuroendocrine activity and are typically active during periods of wakefulness or arousal. By contrast, c-Fos was absent from the ventrolateral preoptic area (active during sleep). In standard behavioral tests (open field and elevated plus maze), mRGC activation induced behaviors commonly interpreted as anxiety like or as signs of increased alertness. Similar changes in behavior could be induced by bright light in wild-type and rodless and coneless mice, but not melanopsin knockout mice. These data demonstrate that mRGCs drive a light-dependent switch in behavioral motivation toward a more alert, risk-averse state. They also highlight the ability of this small fraction of retinal ganglion cells to realign activity in brain regions defining widespread aspects of physiology and behavior.
Memory Augmented Neural Network Adaptive Controllers: Performance and Stability (2022)

In this article, we propose a novel control architecture, inspired from neuroscience, for adaptive control of continuous-time systems. The proposed architecture, in the setting of standard neural network (NN)-based adaptive control, augments an <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">external working memory</i> to the NN. The controller, through a write operation, writes the hidden layer feature vector of the NN to the external working memory and can also update this information with the observed error in the output. Through a read operation, the controller retrieves information from the working memory to modify the final control signal. First, we consider a simpler estimation problem to theoretically study the effect of an external memory and prove that the estimation accuracy can be improved by incorporating memory. We, then, consider a model reference NN adaptive controller for linear systems with matched uncertainty to implement and illustrate our ideas. We prove that the resulting controller leads to a <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">uniformly bounded</i> stable closed-loop system. Through extensive simulations and specific metrics, such as peak deviation and settling time, we show that memory augmentation improves learning significantly. Importantly, we also provide evidence for and insights on the mechanism by which this specific memory augmentation improves learning.
5.6 A 420µW 100GHz-GBW CMOS Programmable-Gain Amplifier leveraging the cross-coupled pair regeneration (2016)

Cross-coupled pairs are certainly among the most widely adopted fundamental circuits still in use today. This elegant device arrangement yields broadband positive feedback with high gain and low power, desirable features both in analog and digital applications [1]. Its small signal properties are consistently leveraged in oscillators, impedance negators and to boost gain of transconductors, while the bistable behavior is exploited in static latches and memory cells. Traditionally, the regeneration capability is leveraged in the design of sense amplifiers and high-speed comparators. In this work, we investigated the performance of the cross-coupled pair for discrete-time linear amplification and we show that its regeneration feature proves to be attractive for implementing Programmable-Gain Amplifiers (PGAs).