gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modulating the Gelation Properties of Self-Assembling Peptide Amphiphiles (2009)

Peptide amphiphiles (PAs) are self-assembling molecules that form interwoven nanofiber gel networks. They have gained a lot of attention because of their excellent biocompatibility, adaptable peptide structure that allows for specific biochemical functionality, and nanofibrous assembly that mimics natural tissue formation. However, variations in molecule length, charge, and intermolecular bonding between different bioactive PAs cause contrasting mechanical properties. This potentially limits cell-delivery therapies because scaffold durability is needed to withstand the rigors of clinician handling and transport to wound implant sites. Additionally, the mechanical properties have critical influence on cellular behavior, as the elasticity and stiffness of biomaterials have been shown to affect cell spreading, migration, contraction, and differentiation. Several different PAs have been synthesized, each endowed with specific cellular adhesive ligands for directed biological response. We have investigated mechanical means for modulating and stabilizing the gelation properties of PA hydrogels in a controlled manner. A more stable, biologically inert PA (PA-S) was synthesized and combined with each of the bioactive PAs. Molar ratio (M(r) = PA/PA-S) combinations of 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3 were tested. All PA composites were characterized by observed nanostructure and rheological analysis measuring viscoelasticity. It was found that the PAs could be combined to successfully control and stabilize the gelation properties, allowing for a mechanically tunable scaffold with increased durability. Thus, the biological functionality and natural degradability of PAs can be provided in a more physiologically relevant microenvironment using our composite approach to modulate the mechanical properties, thereby improving the vast potential for cell encapsulation and other tissue engineering applications.
Medical and Care Compunetics 2 (2005)

The role of the International Council on Medical and Care Compunetics (ICMCC) with regards to patient-related ICT has become obvious with the start of the Record Access Portal. The goal of this publication is to come forward with a recommendation to the WHO on Record Access. This recommendation will therefore be one of the leading issues of the Round Table on the Responsibility Shift from Doctor to Patient. The subjects discussed in this publication are: EHR and Record Access; Digital Homecare; Behavioral compunetics; and The Paradigm Change Challenge towards Personal Health. This last subject has been handled by Prof. Dr. Bernd Blobel from the eHealth Competence Center (University of Regensburg Medical Center, Germany) jointly with the European Federation for Medical Informatics (EFMI) Working Groups Electronic Health Records (EHR) and Security, Safety and Ethics (SSE).
<title>Fabrication of unstable resonator diode lasers</title> (1991)

Recent work has demonstrated high power, spatially coherent operation of on-the-chip unstable resonator diode lasers. The unstable resonators were fabricated in SQW-GRINSCH material using photolithography and a dry chemical etch technique. The unstable resonator design provides mode selectivity in broad area devices by suppressing higher order lateral modes. These devices demonstrated twice diffraction limited far fields with high average power and strong lateral coherence.
Therapeutic agents for treatment of established metastases and inhibitors of metastatic spread (1992)

This article reviews recently described agents for the treatment of established metastases or inhibitors of metastatic spread. Recent progress in both preclinical models of experimental metastasis and clinical evaluation is highlighted. Where possible, distinctions are made between therapeutic agents for established metastatic tumors and those that merely interfere with the process of metastasis. The approaches emphasized include radiotherapy, cytotoxic chemotherapy, targeting the metastatic process and tumor metastases (adhesion, invasion, and angiogenesis), and modulation of the immune response, including chemoimmunotherapy. Emphasis has been placed on the necessity of using appropriate animal models of metastatic disease for the discovery and development of novel and effective antimetastatic therapeutic agents. Also addressed is the likelihood that future approaches to the metastasis problem will employ novel combined antimetastatic therapeutic modalities.
Low Latency Multimedia Broadcast in Multi-rate Wireless Meshes (2005)

Abstract — In a multi-rate wireless network, a node can dynamically adjust its link transmission rate by switching between different modulation schemes. For the current IEEE802.11a/b/g standards, this rate adjustment is limited to unicast traffic only while multicast and broadcast traffic is always transmitted at the lowest possible rate. In this paper, we consider a novel type of multi-rate mesh networks where a node can dynamically adjust its link layer multicast rates to its neighbours. In particular, we consider the problem of realising low latency network-wide broadcast in this type of multi-rate wireless meshes. We will first show that the multi-rate broadcast problem is significantly different from the single-rate case. We will then present an algorithm for achieving low latency broadcast in a multi-rate mesh which exploits both wireless broadcast advantage and the multi-rate nature of the network. I.
DNA Probes with Different Specificities from a Cloned 23S rRNA Gene of Micrococcus luteus (1988)

A 7500 bp PstI restriction fragment of chromosomal DNA from Micrococcus luteus containing a 23S rRNA gene was cloned in vector pHE3 in E. coli RR 28 (the recombinant plasmid was designated pAR1). A recombinant phage (pAR5) hybridizing to all eubacteria tested was constructed by shotgun subcloning of the PstI fragment in phage M13mp8. Further subcloning of the fragments of the 23S rRNA gene in the vectors pTZ18R and pTZ19R using selected restriction sites of the gene enabled us to select cloned fragments of the 23S rRNA gene representing different specificities. Probes specific for Micrococcus luteus-Micrococcus lylae (pAR28), for the Arthrobacter-Micrococcus group (pAR27), for eubacteria (pAR5), and for the detection of eu- and archaebacteria (the so-called universal probe pAR17) were constructed. The specificity of each probe was analysed by dot hybridization to the chromosomal DNAs of representatives of most of the main phyla of eu- and archaebacteria.
A Transceiver Using Simplex Plastic Optical Fiber For IEEE 1394 (1998)

Currently, stepped Index Plastic Optical Fiber (SIPOF) is able to transmit 100 Mbps data stream over loom cable length using a Laser Diode (LD) at optical wavelength of 650 nm (Table 1). Meanwhile, solution for connectivity of 5Om to loom necessary in using IEEE1394 as home network is awaited for a long time.
Sequence Variants of Estrogen Receptor β and Risk of Prostate Cancer in the National Cancer Institute Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (2007)

In our analysis focused on genetic variation common in Whites, we observed little evidence for any substantial association of inherited variation in ESR2 with risk of prostate cancer. A nominally significant (P < 0.01) association between the TACC haplotype and prostate cancer risk under the recessive model could be a chance finding and, in any event, would seem to contribute only slightly to the overall burden of prostate cancer.
An overview of Design and Analysis techniques of Bootlace Lens for Multiple beamforming (2009)

A review of the design and analysis techniques reported so far for Bootlace type lens and its origin the Rotman type lens has been presented.The basic design and the improvement with its implications and adoptions are presented with the justification.The basic bootlace lens with the modifications reported with improvement and their characteristics is also presented with mathematical approach.The parameters and methods, which are of importance in the design and analysis of the work, are compared and performance thereon is considered for practical approach and fabrication results of some of the tested designs are also investigated.The basic design of microwave lens is Rotman lens and modifications have brought the new concept of bootlace lens due to its specific design and look as of open lenses of military boot.This analysis has given us direction for new approach in design.
Few-layer SnSe2 transistors with high on/off ratios (2016)

We report few-layer SnSe2 field effect transistors (FETs) with high current on/off ratios. By trying different gate configurations, 300 nm SiO2 and 70 nm HfO2 as back gate only and 70 nm HfO2 as back gate combined with a top capping layer of polymer electrolyte, few-layer SnSe2 FET with a current on/off ratio of 104 can be obtained. This provides a reliable solution for electrically modulating quasi-two-dimensional materials with high electron density (over 1013 cm−2) for field-effect transistor applications.
Multisource Video On-Demand Streaming in Wireless Mesh Networks (2012)

We study the multisource video on-demand (VoD) application in multichannel multiradio wireless mesh networks. When a user initiates a new video request, the application can stream the video not only from the media servers, but also from the peers that have buffered the video. The multipath multisource video on-demand streaming has been applied in wired networks with great success. However, it remains a challenging task in wireless networks due to wireless interference. In this paper, we first focus on the problem of finding the maximum number of high-quality and independent paths from the user to the servers or peers for each VoD request by considering the effect of wireless interference. We formulate it as a constrained maximum independent paths problem and propose two efficient heuristic path discovery algorithms. Based on the multiple paths discovered, we further propose a joint routing and rate allocation algorithm, which minimizes the network congestion caused by the new VoD session. The algorithm is aware of the optimization for both existing and potential VoD sessions in the wireless mesh network. We evaluate our algorithms with real video traces. Simulation results demonstrate that our algorithm not only improves the average video streaming performance over all the coexisting VoD sessions in the network, but also increases the network's capacity of satisfying more subsequent VoD requests.
Molecular characterization and mutational screening of the PRKAG3 gene in the horse (2003)

The PRKAG3 gene encodes a muscle-specific isoform of the regulatory gamma subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). A major part of the coding PRKAG3 sequence was isolated from horse muscle cDNA using reverse-transcriptase (RT)-PCR analysis. Horse-specific primers were used to amplify genomic fragments containing 12 exons. Comparative sequence analysis of horse, pig, mouse, human, Fugu, and zebrafish was performed to establish the exon/intron organization of horse PRKAG3 and to study the homology among different isoforms of AMPK gamma genes in vertebrates. The results showed conclusively that the three different isoforms (gamma1, gamma2, and gamma3) were established already in bony fishes. Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), five causing amino acid substitutions, were identified in a screening across horse breeds with widely different phenotypes as regards muscle development and intended performance. The screening of a major part of the PRKAG3 coding sequence in a small case/control material of horses affected with polysaccharide storage myopathy did not reveal any mutation that was exclusively associated with this muscle storage disease. The breed comparison revealed several potentially interesting SNPs. One of these (Pro258Leu) occurs at a residue that is highly conserved among AMPK gamma genes. In an SNP screening, the variant allele was only found in horse breeds that can be classified as heavy (Belgian) or moderately heavy (North Swedish Trotter, Fjord, and Swedish Warmblood) but not in light horse breeds selected for speed or racing performance (Standardbred, Thoroughbred, and Quarter horse) or in ponies (Icelandic horses and Shetland pony). The results will facilitate future studies of the possible functional significance of PRKAG3 polymorphisms in horses.
A Lightweight Program Similarity Detection Model using XML and Levenshtein Distance. (2006)

Program plagiarism is one of the most significant problems in Computer Science education. Most common plagiarism includes modifying comments, reordering statements, and changing variable names. Such simple changes, however, require excessive string comparisons. This paper presents a lightweight program similarity detection model. Unlike other detection models, our model avoids globally involved string comparisons. String matching is only involved locally when comparing control sequences. To this end we use XML and Levenshtein distance algorithm. The XML’s tree-like representation reduces intensive string comparisons for the simple modifications. Levenshtein distance algorithm makes our model reliable for logic changes. Our approach is based on the XPDec model and is capable of distinguishing a flat structure from a nested structure of control sequences. Such improvement will lead to simple and reliable implementation of program similarity detection systems.
On-line Measurement of Solidification Shell Thickness and Estimation of Crater-end Shape of CC-slabs by Electromagnetic Ultrasonic Method (1984)

To establish the technique for producing very high temperature steel slabs required in a continuous casting-direct rolling process, the measurement method for the solidification shell thickness of a continuous casting steel slab has been developed using the electromagnetic ultrasonic technique, and industrialized at Sakai Works, Nippon Steel Corporation. The main features of this method are as follows:(1) On-line, real time, non-contact and continuous measurement is done at every 15 seconds.(2) Sensors are transversally scanned and the measurement is done at any desired points.The measurement error was determined to be 1.2 mm (standard deviation) by comparing the measured results with the destructive method, driving a special aluminum plated rivet into a slab of 250 mm in thickness.Combining the shell thickness measurement with the two dimensional solidification simulation, the estimation method for the location and the shape of the crater-end (solidification completion end) was also developed.In the real operation of the continuous casting machine, the shell thickness variation due to the casting speed change was clearly measured and moreover, the interesting shape of the W-figure type craterend was obtained. This measurement system has become very useful for the stable operation of the continuous casting machine and is now working very well.
Desmosine as a biomarker of elastin degradation in COPD: current status and future directions (2008)

Desmosine (DES) and isodesmosine (IDES) are two unusual, tetrafunctional, pyridinium ring-containing amino acids involved in elastin cross-linking. Being amino acids unique to mature, cross-linked elastin, they are useful for discriminating peptides derived from elastin breakdown from precursor elastin peptides. According to these features, DES and IDES have been extensively discussed as potentially attractive indicators of elevated lung elastic fibre turnover and markers of the effectiveness of agents with the potential to reduce elastin breakdown. In the present manuscript, immunology-based and separation methods for the evaluation of DES and IDES are discussed, along with studies reporting increased levels of urine excretion in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with and without alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency. The results of the application of DES and IDES as surrogate end-points in early clinical trials in COPD are also reported. Finally, recent advances in detection techniques, including liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and high-performance capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence, are discussed. These techniques allow detection of DES and IDES at very low concentration in body fluids other than urine, such as plasma or sputum, and will help the understanding of whether DES and IDES are potentially useful in monitoring therapeutic intervention in COPD.
A Dynamic Resource Allocation Algorithm for Database-as-a-Service (2011)

In Database-as-a-Service (DBaaS), a large number of tenants share DBaaS resources (CPU, I/O and Memory). While the DBaaS provider runs DBaaS to "share" resources across the entire tenant population to maximize resource utilization and minimize cost, the tenants subscribe to DBaaS at a low price point while still having resources conceptually "isolated" according to service level agreements (SLAs). To optimize this dichotomy of goals, we propose a dynamic resource allocation framework that periodically re-allocates resources to tenants to maximize resource utilization while tolerating a low risk of SLA violations. We model the resource allocation problem as a modified unbounded knapsack problem. The model introduces an additional fairness constraint to assign residual resources to active tenants, while avoiding that few tenants consume all residual resources. Performed experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed allocation algorithm for a synthetic workload with burstiness and predicted tenant behavior.
Simulation of microfluid systems (1994)

The dynamic behavior of microfluid devices like miniaturized diaphragm pumps, microvalves and flow channels will be discussed. Special interest is directed to the dynamics of microminiaturized diaphragm pumps. A formalism will be given, which allows the evaluation of the interaction between these pumps and the connected fluid system. The results of the simulation will be compared with transient pressure measurements on pneumatically and electrostatically actuated diaphragm pumps on the millisecond time scale. It will be outlined how the dynamic behavior of more complex fluid systems can be described. Hence the hydraulic simulation of chemical analysis systems, consisting of several micropumps, flow channels, sensing and mixing elements becomes possible in the future.
Additive‐Free, Robust H<sub>2</sub> Production from H<sub>2</sub>O and DMF by Dehydrogenation Catalyzed by Cu/Cu<sub>2</sub>O Formed In Situ (2017)

Hydrogen production from organic/inorganic hydrides is a promising strategy for the development of novel clean energy resources to replace fossil fuels and satisfy ever-increasing energy demands. Most current processes involve small flammable chemicals and are catalyzed by noble metals in basic media with the release of the greenhouse gas CO<sub>2</sub> . Herein, we describe an alternative pathway for highly efficient and robust H<sub>2</sub> production through a dehydrogenation reaction between water and N,N-dimethylformamide catalyzed by Cu/Cu<sub>2</sub> O catalysts formed in situ. The catalysts exhibit high and robust activity for H<sub>2</sub> production. Importantly, the formation of H<sub>2</sub> as the sole gas and the valuable by-product N,N-dimethylaminoformic acid make this process clean and valuable with 100 % atom economy.
Polymer Nanodot-Hybridized Alkyl Silicon Oxide Nanostructures for Organic Memory Transistors with Outstanding High-Temperature Operation Stability (2016)

Organic memory devices (OMDs) are becoming more important as a core component in flexible electronics era because of their huge potentials for ultrathin, lightweight and flexible plastic memory modules. In particular, transistor-type OMDs (TOMDs) have been gradually spotlighted due to their structural advantages possessing both memory and driving functions in single devices. Although a variety of TOMDs have been developed by introducing various materials, less attention has been paid to the stable operation at high temperatures. Here we demonstrate that the polymer nanodot-embedded alkyl silicon oxide (ASiO) hybrid materials, which are prepared by sol-gel and thermal cross-linking reactions between poly(4-vinylphenol) (PVP) and vinyltriethoxysilane, can deliver low-voltage (1~5 V) TOMDs with outstanding operation stability (>4700 cycles) at high temperatures (150 °C). The efficient low-voltage memory function is enabled by the embedded PVP nanodots with particular lattice nanostructures, while the high thermal stability is achieved by the cross-linked ASiO network structures.
Design and implementation of all-digital receivers for mobile communications (2002)

The ability to turn advanced digital receiver concepts into silicon VLSI is fast becoming the key factor in competing successfully to realize commercial mobile communication systems. Behavioral synthesis is central to the next-generation of high-level VLSI design automation tools that allow designing at the algorithm level and rapid exploration of the VLSI architecture space. We demonstrate how to leverage behavioral synthesis technology in the design of digital transceivers. We propose and demonstrate a new DSP system design methodology where digital communications engineers can interactively explore detection and estimation algorithms, architectures, and their IC implementation. We demonstrate how the designer can explore algorithms and architectures using three examples from portable and mobile communication modem applications: an MFSK receiver for paging applications, a receiver front-end channel filter for a wideband modem, and a Viterbi decoder used for trellis-coded modulation. Using the methodology, we demonstrate how system designers can exercise control over algorithm parameters as well as architectural parameters such as hardware area, speed, and latency. This allows algorithm designers to quickly explore different VLSI architectures that execute the same algorithm.
Heterogeneous distribution of beta and alpha‐2 adrenoceptor binding sites in human fat cells from various fat deposits: functional consequences (1987)

Investigations have been carried out to explain the heterogeneity of response to catecholamines of human fat cells from various deposits. Adipocytes from two subcutaneous sites (abdominal and femoral) were studied concomitantly in women while omental fat cells were taken from another group of patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Alpha-2 and beta sites were identified in fat-cell membranes with [3H]yohimbine and [3H]dihydroalprenolol, respectively. Lipolytic responses were tested with isoproterenol (beta agonist), clonidine (alpha-2 agonist) and epinephrine. There are clear differences in the relative number of beta and alpha-2 sites according to the origin of the fat deposit; beta sites are less numerous than alpha-2 sites in subcutaneous fat cells of both regions (alpha-2:beta sites are in a ratio of 3 +/- 0.4:2 +/- 0.4). However, in membranes of omental fat cells, beta sites are at least as numerous as alpha-2 sites (ratio 0.9 +/- 0.2). Epinephrine always has a higher affinity for alpha-2 sites than for beta sites in the subcutaneous and omental deposits. In lipolysis studies, epinephrine, in the absence of adenosine in the incubation medium, initiated an anti-lipolytic effect in femoral fat cells and promoted inhibition of lipolysis at lower concentrations in abdominal subcutaneous fat cells, the effect being reversed at higher doses; epinephrine, however, was always lipolytic in omental adipocytes. There was no striking differences in the sensitivity to isoproterenol in the various deposits. Clonidine had a higher affinity for alpha-2 sites in femoral fat cells and was equipotent in the omental and abdominal ones. Thus, the differences in the lipolytic responses to epinephrine in adipocytes from different sites are linked to a variable alpha-2 inhibiting effect (and alpha-2 site number) rather than to a modified beta driven increase in lipolysis initiated by the physiological amine.