gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
21. Non-CD3-Based Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CARs) with Enhanced Anti-Tumor Activity in Solid Tumors (2015)

Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) based upon a single chimeric molecule bearing an antigen binding domain linked in cis to the cytoplasmic domains of CD3ζ and costimulatory receptors CD28 or 4-1BB provide a potent method for engineering T cell cytotoxicity towards tumors. We describe a simple chimeric receptor based upon a killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) normally expressed by natural killer (NK) cells and T cells. Constructed by fusing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) to the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domain of a KIR, we show that a KIR-based CAR targeting multiple tumor-related antigens triggers antigen-specific cytotoxic activity and cytokine production that is comparable to CD3ζ-based CARs with antigen-induced proliferation that is independent of additional costimulation. Using a solid tumor xenograft model that is highly resistant to CD3ζ-based CAR-targeted T cells, we further demonstrate that KIR-based CAR-targeted T cells can induce tumor regression despite in vivo persistence of CD3ζ-based CAR-modified T cells with CD28 and 4-1BB costimulatory domains. We show that the enhanced activity of the KIR-based CAR is associated with less tumor-induced T cell hypofunction that has previously been demonstrated with CD3ζ-based CARs. These data support the future clinical evaluation of a KIR-based CARs especially within solid tumors.
Investigating phase transition temperatures of size separated gadolinium silicide magnetic nanoparticles (2018)

Gadolinium silicide (Gd5Si4) nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit different properties compared to their parent bulk materials due to finite size, shape, and surface effects. NPs were prepared by high energy ball-milling of the as-cast Gd5Si4 ingot and size separated into eight fractions using time sensitive sedimentation in an applied dc magnetic field with average particle sizes ranging from 700 nm to 82 nm. The largest Gd5Si4 NPs order ferromagnetically at 316 K. A second anomaly observed at 110 K can be ascribed to a Gd5Si3 impurity. As the particle sizes decrease, the volume fraction of Gd5Si3 phase increases at the expense of the Gd5Si4 phase, and the ferromagnetic transition temperature of Gd5Si4 is reduced from 316 K to 310 K, while the ordering of the minor phase is independent of the particle size, remaining at 110 K.
<i>In vivo</i>Photothermal and Photoacoustic Flow Cytometry (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Photothermal and Photoacoustic Effects at Single-Cell Level PT Technique Integrated PTFC for In vivo Studies Integrated PAFC for In vivo Studies In vivo Lymph Flow Cytometery In vivo Mapping of Sentinel Lymph Nodes (SLNs) Concluding Remarks and Discussion Acknowledgments References
Ka-band waveguide hybrid combiner for MMIC amplifiers with unequal and arbitrary power output ratio (2009)

The design, simulation and characterization of a novel Ka-band (32.05 plusmn 0.25 GHz) rectangular waveguide branch-line hybrid unequal power combiner is presented. The manufactured combiner was designed to combine input signals, which are in phase and with an amplitude ratio of two. The measured return loss and isolation of the branch-line hybrid are better than 22 and 27 dB, respectively. The application of the branch-line hybrid for combining two MMIC power amplifiers with output power ratio of two is demonstrated. The measured combining efficiency is 92.9% at the center frequency of 32.05 GHz.
Transparent Conducting Oxide (TCO) Electrode Based High-speed Organic Electro-optic (EO) Modulator (2007)

A novel organic Mach Zehnder EO modulator using TCO as electrodes has been demonstrated. The simulation results show such structure is suitable for high frequency operation by engineering TCO material conductivity and loss.
High-Resolution Imaging by Fourier Transform X-ray Holography (1992)

Fourier transform x-ray holography has been used to image gold test objects with submicrometer structure, resolving features as small as 60 nanometers. The hologram-recording instrument uses coherent 3.4-nanometer radiation from the soft x-ray undulator beamline X1A at the National Synchrotron Light Source. The specimen to be imaged is placed near the first-order focal spot produced by a Fresnel zone plate; the other orders, chiefly the zeroth, illuminate the specimen. The wave scattered by the specimen interferes with the spherical reference wave from the focal spot, forming a hologram with fringes of low spatial frequency. The hologram is recorded in digital form by a charge-coupled device camera, and the specimen image is obtained by numerical reconstruction.
Classification of corn kernels contaminated with aflatoxins using fluorescence and reflectance hyperspectral images analysis (2015)

Aflatoxins are secondary metabolites produced by certain fungal species of the Aspergillus genus. Aflatoxin contamination remains a problem in agricultural products due to its toxic and carcinogenic properties. Conventional chemical methods for aflatoxin detection are time-consuming and destructive. This study employed fluorescence and reflectance visible near-infrared (VNIR) hyperspectral images to classify aflatoxin contaminated corn kernels rapidly and non-destructively. Corn ears were artificially inoculated in the field with toxigenic A. flavus spores at the early dough stage of kernel development. After harvest, a total of 300 kernels were collected from the inoculated ears. Fluorescence hyperspectral imagery with UV excitation and reflectance hyperspectral imagery with halogen illumination were acquired on both endosperm and germ sides of kernels. All kernels were then subjected to chemical analysis individually to determine aflatoxin concentrations. A region of interest (ROI) was created for each kernel to extract averaged spectra. Compared with healthy kernels, fluorescence spectral peaks for contaminated kernels shifted to longer wavelengths with lower intensity, and reflectance values for contaminated kernels were lower with a different spectral shape in 700-800 nm region. Principal component analysis was applied for data compression before classifying kernels into contaminated and healthy based on a 20 ppb threshold utilizing the K-nearest neighbors algorithm. The best overall accuracy achieved was 92.67% for germ side in the fluorescence data analysis. The germ side generally performed better than endosperm side. Fluorescence and reflectance image data achieved similar accuracy.
Resolvin E1, an endogenous lipid mediator derived from eicosapentaenoic acid, prevents dextran sulfate sodium–induced colitis (2009)

These results indicate that RvE1 suppresses proinflammatory responses of macrophages. RvE1 and its receptor may therefore be useful as therapeutic targets in the treatment of human inflammatory bowel disease and other inflammatory disorders.
A projector/backprojector with slice-to-slice blurring for efficient three-dimensional scatter modeling (1999)

Scatter correction is an important factor in single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Many scatter correction techniques, such as multiple-window subtraction and intrinsic modeling with iterative algorithms, have been under study for many years. Previously, we developed an efficient slice-to-slice blurring technique to model attenuation and system geometric response in a projector/backprojector pair, which was used in an ML-EM algorithm to reconstruct SPECT data. This paper proposes a projector/backprojector that models the three-dimensional (3-D) first-order scatter in SPECT, also using an efficient slice-to-slice blurring technique. The scatter response is estimated from a known nonuniform attenuation distribution map. It is assumed that the probability of detection of a first-order scattered photon from a photon that is emitted in a given source voxel and scattered in a given scatter voxel is proportional to the attenuation coefficient value at that voxel. Monte Carlo simulations of point sources and an MCAT torso phantom were used to verify the accuracy of the proposed projector/backprojector model. An experimental Jaszczak torso/cardiac phantom SPECT study was also performed. For a 64 x 64 x 64 image volume, it took 8.7 s to perform each iteration per slice on a Sun ULTRA Enterprise 3000 (167 MHz, 1 Gbyte RAM) computer, when modeling 3-D scatter, attenuation, and system geometric response functions. The main advantage of the proposed method is its easy implementation and the possibility of performing reconstruction in clinically acceptable time.
Spatio-Temporal Imaging of Vascular Reactivity by Optical Tomography (1999)

Representative results from simulated, laboratory and physiological studies are presented, demonstrating the ability to extract important features of dynamic behavior from dense scattering media. These results were obtained by analyzing time series of reconstructed images. Investigations on the human forearm clearly reveal the ability to identify and correctly locate principal features of the vasculature. Characterization of these features using linear and nonlinear time-series analysis methods can produce a wealth of information regarding the spatio-temporal features of the dynamics of vascular reactivity.
Preparation of Fuel Cell Membranes by Photografting in Vapor and Liquid Phases (2006)

UV radiation-induced photografting of styrene into poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-ethylene) (ETFE) films for the preparation of fuel cell membranes was carried out. The proton conductivity in the thickness direction of membranes prepared by the vapor- and liquid-phase photografting can reach as high as 0.065 and , respectively. The higher conductivity in the liquid-phase grafting is close to the homogeneity of graft chain distribution in the membrane.
Alchemix: a novel alkylating anthraquinone with potent activity against anthracycline- and cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer. (2003)

Chloroethylaminoanthraquinones are described with intercalating and alkylating capacity that potentially covalently cross-link topoisomerase II (topo II) to DNA. These compounds have potent cytotoxic activity (IC(50) = 0.9-7.6 nM) against the A2780 human ovarian carcinoma cell line. Hydroxyethylaminoanthraquinones also reported in this paper have similar IC(50) values (0.7-1.7 nM) in the same cell line. Alchemix (ZP281M, 1-(2-[N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]ethylamino)-4-(2-[N,N-(dimethyl)amino]ethylamino)-5,8-dihydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione), an alkylating anthraquinone, retains excellent antitumor activity in Adriamycin-resistant (2780AD) and cisplatin-resistant (2780/cp70) cell lines in vitro and in vivo. This indicates that Alchemix can evade both P-glycoprotein efflux pump and DNA mismatch repair-mediated resistance. In treated cells, Alchemix was shown to preferentially induce drug-stabilized covalent bound topo IIalpha-DNA complexes over topo IIbeta-DNA complexes.
High data throughput VCSELs (2010)

VCSELs continue to be widely deployed in data communication networks. The total bandwidth requirements continue to grow, resulting in higher data rates and utilization of both spatial and wavelength multiplexing. This paper will discuss recent results on VCSELs operating at aggregate speeds up to 1000Gbps as well as the prospects and results on extending to higher serial data rates.
A Strategy for Achieving High Performance with SOFC Ceramic Anodes (2007)

A proposal that high solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anode performance can be achieved by using a very thin, catalytically active functional layer, with a noncatalytic conduction layer, has been tested. An anode impedance of was obtained at in humidified using a Ag-paste conduction layer and a thick functional layer made from Pd and ceria in yttria-stabilized zirconia. Replacing the Ag paste with a layer of porous (LST) had minimal effect on cell performance. The anode concept is flexible and should allow various materials to be used in the functional and the current-collector layers.
Supersonic Combustion Heater Development for Hypersonic Materials and Propulsion Testing (2004)

Simulating hypersonic flight conditions presents a significant technological challenge to ground test facilities in that the combination of required stagnation temperatures and pressures are often well beyond the thermal and structural limits of most practical materials. While most large scale testing requires blowdown facilities with enthalpy - matched air which is then expanded to appropriate flow conditions, the upper limit in Mach numb ers is set by the material properties at the supersonic nozzle throat where the static temperature and pressure tend to be extremely high. Although it is possible to design heavy -duty vessels that can withstand the required stagnation pressure, the combi nation of high static temperature and pressure at the throat produces excessive heat transfer and thermal load even for small -sized facilities. As the facility size increases this problem becomes even worse. To address this problem, a novel approach and a device have been developed for generating high enthalpy flows without creating excessive static temperature in the nozzle throat. The new approach utilizes a hydrogen -fueled supersonic combustion heater to add enthalpy to the flow after it is expanded t o a supersonic condition where the flow static
A Possible Neurophysiological Basis of Cocaine Craving (1990)

AbstractIn an open clinical series, patients seeking treatment for cocaine addiction reported a substantial subjective reduction in cocaine craving associated with carbamazepine treatment. We suggest that cocaine craving may be the behavioral manifestation of kindling, the neuronal supersensitivity induced by cocaine in animal studies. The inherent difficulties in open studies, of subjective phenomena, and reliability of patients with substance abuse disorders, require that caution be observed in applying this preliminary observation to general clinical use.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3‐Halogen Migration as an Entry to Aryl Coppers from an Unintuitive Starting Material (2014)

Abstract Review: 18 refs.
Spacecraft Navigation Using Celestial Gamma-Ray Sources (2015)

As the future progresses for space exploration endeavors, spacecraft that are capable of autonomously determining their position and velocity will provide clear navigation advances to mission operations. Thus, new techniques for determining spacecraft navigation solutions using celestial gamma-ray sources have been developed. Most of these sources offer detectable, bright, high-energy events that provide well-defined characteristics conducive to accurate time alignment among spatially separated spacecraft. Using assemblages of photons from distant gamma-ray bursts, relative range between two spacecraft can be accurately computed along the direction to each burst’s source based upon the difference in arrival time of the burst emission at each spacecraft’s location. Correlation methods used to time-align the high-energy burst profiles are provided. A simulation of the newly devised navigation algorithms has been developed to assess the system’s potential performance. Using predicted observation capabilities for this system, the analysis demonstrates position uncertainties comparable to the NASA Deep Space Network for deep-space trajectories.
Hybridoma Cell Lines amd Monoclonal Antibodies to Clostridium difficile Toxins A and B. (1986)

Abstract : Clostridium difficile, the etiological agent of pseudomembranous colitis in humans and animals, produces two toxins, designated toxin A and toxin B, that are cytotoxic for tissue-cultured mammalian cells. Toxin B is approximately 1,000-fold more cytotoxic than toxin A per mg of protein. Toxin A also possesses enterotoxin activity and causes a fluid response when injected into ligated rabbit intestinal loops. These antibodies produced by a family of murine hybrid cell lines are cross-reactive with both toxin A and toxin B of Clostridium difficile. The monoclonal antibodies are useful in an immunoassay for toxin A and toxin B of C. difficile.
Hydrophilic and Compressible Aerogel: A Novel Draw Agent in Forward Osmosis (2017)

Forward osmosis (FO) technology is an efficient route to obtain purity water for drinking from wastewater or seawater. However, there are some challenges in draw solution to limit its application. We first introduce a novel sodium alginate-graphene oxide (SA-GO) aerogel as draw agent for highly efficient FO process. The GO nanosheets covalently cross-linked to SA matrix to form a three-dimensional and highly porous aerogel to provide excellent water flux and operation stability, together with the property of compressibility served by SA-GO aerogel resulting in easy water production and regeneration process. When deionized water was used as the feed solution, the SA-GO aerogel exhibited a higher water flux (15.25 ± 0.65 L m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>, abbreviated as LMH) than that of 1 mol L<sup>-1</sup> NaCl (1 M), and there was no nonreverse osmosis phenomenon. The water fluxes were stabilized in the range of 5-6.5 LMH during recycle process of absorbing and releasing water as high as 100 times. It also had a great desalination capacity (water flux was 7.49 ± 0.61 LMH) with the seawater (Huanghai coast) as the feed solution. Moreover, the water production and regeneration process of the SA-GO aerogel can be rapidly and cost-effectively accomplished with low-strength mechanical compression (merely 1 kPa). The results present that the SA-GO aerogels as a promising, innovative draw agent can make the FO process simpler, more efficient, and lower energy consumption. It can be a potential material for hydration bags to fast and repeatable product fresh water from saline water or wastewater.
Near-Infrared Photoactivatable Nitric Oxide Donors with Integrated Photoacoustic Monitoring (2018)

Photoacoustic (PA) tomography is a noninvasive technology that utilizes near-infrared (NIR) excitation and ultrasonic detection to image biological tissue at centimeter depths. While several activatable small-molecule PA sensors have been developed for various analytes, the use of PA molecules for deep-tissue analyte delivery and monitoring remains an underexplored area of research. Herein, we describe the synthesis, characterization, and in vivo validation of photoNOD-1 and photoNOD-2, the first organic, NIR-photocontrolled nitric oxide (NO) donors that incorporate a PA readout of analyte release. These molecules consist of an aza-BODIPY dye appended with an aryl N-nitrosamine NO-donating moiety. The photoNODs exhibit chemostability to various biological stimuli, including redox-active metals and CYP450 enzymes, and demonstrate negligible cytotoxicity in the absence of irradiation. Upon single-photon NIR irradiation, photoNOD-1 and photoNOD-2 release NO as well as rNOD-1 or rNOD-2, PA-active products that enable ratiometric monitoring of NO release. Our in vitro studies show that, upon irradiation, photoNOD-1 and photoNOD-2 exhibit 46.6-fold and 21.5-fold ratiometric turn-ons, respectively. Moreover, unlike existing NIR NO donors, the photoNODs do not require encapsulation or multiphoton activation for use in live animals. In this study, we use PA tomography to monitor the local, irradiation-dependent release of NO from photoNOD-1 and photoNOD-2 in mice after subcutaneous treatment. In addition, we use a murine model for breast cancer to show that photoNOD-1 can selectively affect tumor growth rates in the presence of NIR light stimulation following systemic administration.
Acoustic isolation timing belt pulley for drafting plotters (1989)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Kenneth A. Regas, Erich E. Coiner, Frederick W. Beilicke; Acoustic isolation timing belt pulley for drafting plotters. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 October 1989; 86 (4): 1630. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.398651 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
RF coil design for low and high field MRI: Numerical methods and measurements (2011)

Several clinical magnetic resonance applications at 1.5 T and higher field strengths require a careful selection of the RadioFrequency (RF) coil design to optimize the RF spatial distribution and sensitivity. Specifically, two basic requirements must be fulfilled for obtaining high quality images: in the transmission mode, RF coils must be able to produce a uniform magnetic field in the volume of interest so that the nuclei can be properly excited; in the receiving mode, a high signal to noise ratio is needed, and the coil must be able to collect the signal emitted by the nuclei with better sensitivity throughout the volume of interest. A number of analytical and numerical methods are reported in the literature to simulate the RF field distributions of surface and volume coils. In this work, we compared the performances of two computational methods (Method of Moments and Finite Elements Method), considering the modelling of both surface (single loop, figure of eight coil - FO8, dual loop) and volume (TEM) coils. Low (1.5 T) and high (7 T) field operating regimes have been analysed. Measurements obtained on the workbench and with a 1.5 T scanner are used for validation.
Acquired immune responses to three malaria vaccine candidates and their relationship to invasion inhibition in two populations naturally exposed to malaria (2016)

The findings support the fact that the development of semi-immunity to malaria is probably contingent on the development of antibodies to not only one, but a range of antigens and that invasion inhibition in immune adults may be a function of antibodies to various antigens. This supports strategies of vaccination including multicomponent vaccines as well as passive vaccination strategies with antibody cocktails.
Elucidating the Energy- and Electron-Transfer Dynamics of Photon Upconversion in Self-Assembled Bilayers (2017)

Self-assembled bilayers of acceptor (A) and sensitizer (S) molecules on a metal oxide surface is a promising strategy to facilitate photon upconversion via triplet–triplet annihilation (TTA-UC) and extract charge from the upconverted state. The hypothesized mechanism for TTA-UC in a bilayer film includes low energy light absorption, triplet energy transfer, cross-surface energy migration, triplet–triplet annihilation, and electron injection into TiO2. Nonproductive processes can also occur including sensitizer-sensitizer TTA, radiative/nonradiative decay, back-electron transfer, and others. Steady-state and time-resolved emission/absorption spectroscopy were used to determine the rate constants of these processes. The rate constants indicate that S to A triplet energy transfer as well as S and A nonradiative rates are the primary efficiency-limiting processes for TTA-UC at the interface. This information is necessary to guide the design of new self-assembled UC films and is a critical stepping stone toward the long-term goal of generating a practical UC solar cell.