gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein‐1‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes targeting EBV‐carrying natural killer cell malignancies (2006)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded latent membrane protein (LMP) 1 is a potential target for immunotherapy of some proportion of Hodgkin's disease cases, nasopharyngeal carcinomas, EBV-associated natural killer (NK)/T lymphomas, and chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV). Since it is unknown whether EBV-infected NK/T cells are susceptible to lysis by LMP1-specific cytotoxic T lymphohcytes (CTL), we here tested the ability of mRNA-transduced antigen-presenting cells (APC) to stimulate rare LMP1-specific CTL. A 43-amino acid N-terminal deletion mutant LMP1 (DeltaLMP1) could be efficiently expressed in dendritic cells and CD40-activated B cells upon mRNA electroporation. DeltaLMP1-expressing APC were found to stimulate LMP1-specific CTL from a healthy donor and a CTL clone recognized a peptide, IIIILIIFI, presented by HLA-A*0206 molecules. Processing and presentation of the antigenic peptide proved dependent on expression of an immunoproteasome subunit, low-molecular-weight protein-7, as confirmed by RNA interference gene silencing. Furthermore, an EBV-infected NK cell line derived from a patient with CAEBV, and another from an NK lymphoma with enforced HLA-A*0206 expression, were specifically lysed by the CTL. Overall, these data suggest that immunotherapy targeting LMP1 in EBV-associated NK lymphomas and CAEBV might serve as an alternative treatment modality.
Selective Formic Acid Decomposition for High‐Pressure Hydrogen Generation: A Mechanistic Study (2009)

A homogenous catalytic system has been developed that efficiently and selectively decomposes formic acid into hydrogen and carbon dioxide. [Ru(H(2)O)(6)](2+), [Ru(H(2)O)(6)](3+) and RuCl(3) x xH(2)O are all excellent pre-catalysts in presence of TPPTS (TPPTS = meta-trisulfonated triphenylphosphine), the formic acid decomposition taking place in the aqueous phase, under mild conditions and over a large range of pressures. Optimisation of the reaction conditions is described together with a detailed mechanistic study leading to a tentative catalytic cycle. The performance of the catalytic system for continuous hydrogen generation is presented. Overall, the method proposed overcomes the limitations of other catalysts for the decomposition of formic acid making it a viable hydrogen-storage material.
Design principles for nanoparticle based photonic crystals (2018)

We present a new approach for building three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals from periodic nanoparticle lattices that use spacers between plasmonic particles to control particle interactions, as compared to typical designs where dielectric materials are in contact. We delineate a set of simple yet general design principles that can be used to quickly derive the superlattice stopband features based on just two lattice parameters: nanoparticle-layer periodicity and volume fraction. By fixing the lattice parameters and comparing stopband properties from lattices composed of a variety of metallic and dielectric nanoparticles, we show that plasmonic nanoparticles are advantageous for optimizing the stopband features in photonic crystals made with nanoparticles and spacers.
Isolation, Characterization and Preclinical Development of Human Glial-Restricted Progenitor Cells for Treatment of Neurological Disorders (2010)

We demonstrate that hGRPs can be consistently obtained, propagated, cryopreserved and characterized using protocols that can be transferred to a good laboratory practice/good manufacturing practice setting for the manufacture of clinical-grade hGRP cellular therapeutics. Functional data demonstrate that cells manufactured under these conditions are able to differentiate into appropriate cellular phenotypes in an animal model of dysmyelination.
A Simple Digital Power-Factor Correction Rectifier Controller (2010)

This paper introduces a single-phase digital power-factor correction (PFC) control approach that requires no input voltage sensing or explicit current-loop compensation, yet results in low-harmonic operation over a universal input voltage range and loads ranging from high-power operation in continuous conduction mode down to the near-zero load. The controller is based on low-resolution A/D converters and digital pulsewidth modulator, requires no microcontroller or DSP programming, and is well suited for a simple, low-cost integrated-circuit realization, or as a hardware description language core suitable for integration with other power control and power management functions. Experimental verification results are shown for a 300-W boost PFC rectifier.
Distributed-feedback interband cascade lasers with reduced contact duty cycles (2016)

We report the single-mode operation of mid-infrared distributed-feedback (DFB) interband cascade lasers (ICLs) with contacts that cover only a fraction of the top surface of the laser ridge. This reduces the optical loss from the metal for the GaSb-relevant device configuration in which the grating is fabricated in the top layer of the DFB laser. Continuous wave (cw) room-temperature operation in a single spectral mode is observed for contact duty cycles as small as 14% when the width of the contact is fixed at 10 μm. The reduced contact duty cycle results in a factor of 2 decrease in the threshold current. The highest slope efficiency is observed for a contact duty cycle of 33%, for which the cw single-mode output power is as high as 6.8 mW.
Stable Semiconductor Liquid Junction Cell with 9 Percent Solar-to-Electrical Conversion Efficiency (1977)

The semiconductor liquid junction cell n -GaAs/0.8 M K 2 Se-0.1 M K 2 Se 2 -1 M KOH/C has been shown to attain 9 percent photovoltaic power conversion efficiency in sunlight. Accelerated tests under 3100°K light sources of several solar intensities indicate very low photocorrosion currents and high output stability.
Long-Term Contribution to the Myeloid Compartment by Lineage-Committed Stem Cells (1998)

The current paradigm concerning the kinetics of hematopoiesis is that only the most primitive pluripotential bone marrow stem cells can support prolonged hematopoiesis whereas more differentiated, lineage-committed stem cells can only contribute to a particular lineage for a limited period of time. In this study, we present evidence that in mice, the spleen contains a long-lived myeloid-committed stem cell population(s) that continuously replenishes the mature myeloid lineage for at least 9 months. After myeloid-specific retroviral-mediated gene transfer, the exogenous gene could be detected in thioglycollate-induced macrophages and granulocytes by Southern blot analysis and by in situ polymerase chain reaction on an individual cell basis. The targeted stem cell population does not repopulate the bone marrow in secondary recipients and did not give rise to cells other than cells of the myeloid lineage. It therefore represents the first nonpluripotential stem cell population capable of replenishing a hemopoietic lineage for a long period of time. The ability to target a myeloid-specific stem cell could facilitate gene therapy of congenital disorders of the myeloid system such as lysosomal storage diseases. It also offers a unique opportunity to assess the immunologic consequences of expressing an exogenous gene of choice exclusively in the myeloid lineage.
Phase‐based T<sub>2</sub>mapping with gradient echo imaging (2019)

A phase-based T<sub>2</sub> mapping technique was developed and its feasibility demonstrated in phantoms and in vivo.
A Non-condensing Thermal Compression Power Generation System (2017)

Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) systems have attracted interest for more than three decades due to advantages in operation at lower working temperature, low maintenance requirements, and relative simplicity (fewer components). In theory, these advantages should make ORC technology more economically attractive for the small and medium power scales (10 kW to 10 MW). Unfortunately, the theoretical promise of ORC systems for power generation has been realized at only a relatively small fraction of the potential market. Although there are a number of reasons for the low utilization of ORC technology, the root cause is directly tied to the relatively low heat-to-power conversion efficiency (2 to 7% typically) and high cost of specially designed expander–generator equipment that is up to 60% of total system cost [1]. The resulting high cost of the power produced just does not make economic sense except in very specialized situations where on-site power is needed but unavailable (at any cost) or where local generation costs are well above regional averages. The overarching objective of the work presented here is to break this paradigm by developing and demonstrating a new harmonic adsorption recuperative power cycle (HARP) system that offers 40% more efficient power generation as compared with a standard ORC system and estimated electric power production costs at very competitive rates below $0.10/kWh.
Genome-wide identification and characterization of microRNAs differentially expressed in fibers in a cotton phytochrome A1 RNAi line (2017)

Cotton fiber is an important commodity throughout the world. Fiber property determines fiber quality and commercial values. Previous studies showed that silencing phytochrome A1 gene (PHYA1) by RNA interference in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. Coker 312) had generated PHYA1 RNAi lines with simultaneous improvements in fiber quality (longer, stronger and finer fiber) and other key agronomic traits. Characterization of the altered molecular processes in these RNAi genotypes and its wild-type controls is a great interest to better understand the PHYA1 RNAi phenotypes. In this study, a total of 77 conserved miRNAs belonging to 61 families were examined in a PHYA1 RNAi line and its parental Coker 312 genotype by using multiplex sequencing. Of these miRNAs, seven (miR7503, miR7514, miR399c, miR399d, miR160, miR169b, and miR2950) were found to be differentially expressed in PHYA1 RNAi cotton. The target genes of these differentially expressed miRNAs were involved in the metabolism and signaling pathways of phytohormones, which included Gibberellin, Auxin and Abscisic Acid. The expression of several MYB transcription factors was also affected by miRNAs in RNAi cotton. In addition, 35 novel miRNAs (novel miR1-novel miR35) were identified in fibers for the first time in this study. Target genes of vast majority of these novel miRNAs were also predicted. Of these, nine novel miRNAs (novel-miR1, 2, 16, 19, 26, 27, 28, 31 and 32) were targeted to cytochrome P450-like TATA box binding protein (TBP). The qRT-PCR confirmed expression levels of several differentially regulated miRNAs. Expression patterns of four miRNAs-targets pairs were also examined via RNA deep sequencing. Together, the results imply that the regulation of miRNA expression might confer to the phenotype of the PHYA1 RNAi line(s) with improved fiber quality.
OOElala: order-of-evaluation based alias analysis for compiler optimization (2020)

In C, the order of evaluation of expressions is unspecified; further for expressions that do not involve function calls, C semantics ensure that there cannot be a data race between two evaluations that can proceed in either order (or concurrently). We explore the optimization opportunity enabled by these non-deterministic expression evaluation semantics in C, and provide a sound compile-time alias analysis to realize the same. Our algorithm is implemented as a part of the Clang/LLVM infrastructure, in a tool called OOElala. Our experimental results demonstrate that the untapped optimization opportunity is significant: code patterns that enable such optimizations are common; the enabled transformations can range from vectorization to improved instruction selection and register allocation; and the resulting speedups can be as high as 2.6x on already-optimized code.
Isolated word recognition using demisyllable templates (1981)

An automatic speech recognition system is described for recognizing isolated words from reference templates created by concatenating demisyllables from a corpus of about 1000 demisyllables. The composition (in terms of demisyllables) of each reference word is specified in a lexicon with one or more entries for each word in the vocabulary. Experiments were carried out, using a 1109-word basic English vocabulary, to investigate the usefulness of such a representation and the effect on performance of some simple modifications in demisyllable specifications and durations of reference patterns. Performance statistics are provided.
A new hydroxylase system in Actinomadura sp cells converting compactin to pravastatin (1998)

The hydroxylase in cell-free extracts of Actinomadura sp strain 2966 converts compactin to pravastatin. It requires NADPH as coenzyme and Mg 2+ as cofactor; Mn 2+ can partially replace Mg 2+ . In contrast with the inducible cytochrome P-450 system of Streptomyces carbophilus which catalyzes the same overall reaction, this constitutive hydroxylase is stimulated by ATP and ascorbic acid and is not inactivated by CO.
Recursive displacement estimation for use in multiple object tracking (2002)

The authors develop a recursive model-based maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimator that estimates the displacement vector field (DVF) from a noisy image sequence. To model the DVF, they develop a nonstationary vector field model called the vector coupled Gauss-Markov (VCGM) model. The VCGM model consists of two levels, an upper level, which is made up of several submodels with various characteristics, and a lower level or line process which governs the transitions between the submodels. By estimating the line process the authors segment the DVF along its motion boundaries, which is a critical step in the tracking of objects through a video sequence.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Service-oriented Middleware for Runtime Web Services Interoperability (2006)

A major goal of service-oriented architectures is to enable software interoperability in heterogeneous and dynamic environments. Web services standards and protocols aim to support this goal and middleware systems implementing these standards and protocols consequently are needed. Maintenance and administration of middleware is made difficult due to variations in standards and their constant evolution. In this paper, we introduce a new service-oriented middleware architecture for runtime Web services interoperability. Different from other middleware systems our approach applies service-oriented computing principles on the middleware layer, thereby establishing an on-demand model for middleware features. Clients can use middleware as services, dynamically discovering and using the services as interoperability requirements are determined. Further, middleware as services allows middleware to be provided and managed separately from its clients. We present the policy-based programming model, architecture, and details of our middleware, and discuss new challenges that arise in this context, such as distribution of middleware services. The approach is validated through a scenario integrating Web service transaction middleware
P-A4 Novel CD4-based Bi-specific chimeric antigen receptors (2016)

Introduction: Durable control of HIV after cessation of antiretroviral therapy is a much sought-after goal toward a “functional cure” of infection. We are developing a strategy based on targeted killing of HIV-infected cells by genetically modified T cells; when adoptively transferred back to the infected person, these cells will potentially provide the long-term control of infection needed for a functional cure. Experimental Approach: We designed chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) with extremely high potency and breadth, and devoid of potential undesired activities. The CARs contain novel bi-specific extracellular targeting domains composed of sequences from invariant human proteins, and directed against distinct highly conserved determinants on the HIV Env glycoprotein. The targeting domains consist of human CD4 (extracellular domains 1 and 2) linked to the carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of a human C-type lectin, which specifically recognizes the high-mannose glycans on gp120. To test activity, T cells expressing experimental and control CARs were mixed with HIV-infected autologous PMBC; HIV suppression was assessed by measuring p24. Compared to a monospecific CD4 CAR, the bi-specific CD4-CRD CARs exhibited extraordinary potency; very similar patterns were observed with genetically diverse HIV-1 isolates. Importantly, the CRD moiety prevented the CD4 component from acting as an entry receptor and rendering transduced CD8+ T cells susceptible to HIV-1 infection. Conclusions: The minimal immunogenicity predicted for invariant all-human sequences, coupled with likely limits on virus escape imposed by targeting 2 highly conserved Env determinants, highlight the potential of these CARs toward an HIV functional cure.
Multifocal topographic visual evoked potential: improving objective detection of local visual field defects. (1998)

The multifocal VEP demonstrates good correspondence with the topography of the visual field. Recording with occipital bipolar electrode placement is superior to standard monopolar recording. To avoid a full-field cancellation effect, a separate evaluation of upper and lower hemifields should be used for the best assessment of retinocortical pathways. This technique represents a significant step toward the possible application of the multifocal VEP to objective detection of local defects in the visual field.
Simultaneous hydrosilation and ring‐opening polymerization as a route to novel polymer architectures (1994)

Abstract Typical platinum, rhodium and cobalt hydrosilation catalysts have been found to catalyze the ring‐opening polymerization of many different types of heterocyclic monomers. In particular, epoxide monomers undergo especially rapid polymerization with these catalysts. Investigations have shown that in the case of platinum and rhodium catalysts these polymerizations proceed at the surface of the metal colloids by means of a novel cationic mechanism. In contrast, polymerizations with octacarbonyldicobalt take place by a homogeneous cationic mechanism. In all cases, polymerization appears to proceed by the formal attack of a positively charged silicon species on the heteroatom with the formation of a silicon‐oxygen bond. Interesting comb, graft, block and network polymers can be prepared by carrying out simultaneous epoxide ring‐opening and hydrosilation reactions using these catalysts.
CRISPR Correction of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (2018)

The ability to efficiently modify the genome using CRISPR technology has rapidly revolutionized biology and genetics and will soon transform medicine. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) represents one of the first monogenic disorders that has been investigated with respect to CRISPR-mediated correction of causal genetic mutations. DMD results from mutations in the gene encoding dystrophin, a scaffolding protein that maintains the integrity of striated muscles. Thousands of different dystrophin mutations have been identified in DMD patients, who suffer from a loss of ambulation followed by respiratory insufficiency, heart failure, and death by the third decade of life. Using CRISPR to bypass DMD mutations, dystrophin expression has been efficiently restored in human cells and mouse models of DMD. Here, we review recent progress toward the development of possible CRISPR therapies for DMD and highlight opportunities and potential obstacles in attaining this goal.
Development and performance of an enzyme immunoassay to detect creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity using anti-mitochondrial creatine kinase monoclonal antibodies (2009)

Objective: The MB fraction of creatine kinase (CK-MB) has long been used as a cardiac marker. It is known that the CK-MB immunoinhibition method lacks selectivity and accuracy, because the appearance of macro CK type 2, corresponding to mitochondrial creatine kinase (MtCK) in some patient serum may render CK-MB activity measured by conventional method abnormally high. Thus, to improve the specificity and accuracy of the CK-MB assay, we developed two types of monoclonal anti-MtCK antibodies against sarcomeric MtCK and ubiquitous MtCK, and present herein the performance of a new method using these antibodies. Material and methods: The performance of our test for detecting CK-MB activity was compared with other methods, and the range of CK-MB activities in normal human serum was investigated. Results: The two types of monoclonal antibodies developed by us were isoenzyme-specific to sMtCK or uMtCK. The correlation coefficients of our method and conventional method to electrophoresis were 0.973 and 0.873, respectively. The mean CK-MB activity in normal human serum by our method and the conventional method was 2.4 and 11.7 U/L, respectively. Thus, our data indicated that about 80% of CK-MB activity, determined using the conventional method, seems to correspond to the MtCK activity. Conclusion: Our method is novel in offering higher accuracy of measuring true CK-MB contents in human serum as compared to the conventional method. The possibility of accurately estimating CK-MB activity by our method which can inhibit MtCKs in healthy person and patient serum is likely to bring a break-through in clinical diagnostics.
Alternative Chelator for <sup>89</sup>Zr Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiolabeling and Evaluation of 3,4,3-(LI-1,2-HOPO) (2014)

Zirconium-89 is an effective radionuclide for antibody-based positron emission tomography (PET) imaging because its physical half-life (78.41 h) matches the biological half-life of IgG antibodies. Desferrioxamine (DFO) is currently the preferred chelator for (89)Zr(4+); however, accumulation of (89)Zr in the bones of mice suggests that (89)Zr(4+) is released from DFO in vivo. An improved chelator for (89)Zr(4+) could eliminate the release of osteophilic (89)Zr(4+) and lead to a safer PET tracer with reduced background radiation dose. Herein, we present an octadentate chelator 3,4,3-(LI-1,2-HOPO) (or HOPO) as a potentially superior alternative to DFO. The HOPO ligand formed a 1:1 Zr-HOPO complex that was evaluated experimentally and theoretically. The stability of (89)Zr-HOPO matched or surpassed that of (89)Zr-DFO in every experiment. In healthy mice, (89)Zr-HOPO cleared the body rapidly with no signs of demetalation. Ultimately, HOPO has the potential to replace DFO as the chelator of choice for (89)Zr-based PET imaging agents.
<i>Vernonia</i> DGATs increase accumulation of epoxy fatty acids in oil (2010)

Vernolic acid (cis-12-epoxy-octadeca-cis-9-enoic acid) is valuable as a renewable chemical feedstock. This fatty acid can accumulate to high levels in the seed oil of some plant species such as Vernonia galamensis and Stokesia laevis which are unsuitable for large-scale production. A cost-effective alternative for production of epoxy fatty acids is to genetically engineer its biosynthesis in commercial oilseeds. An epoxygenase cDNA (SlEPX) responsible for vernolic acid synthesis and two acyl-CoA : diacylglycerol acyltransferase cDNAs (VgDGAT1 and VgDGAT2) catalysing triacylglycerol (TAG) formation were cloned from developing seeds of S. laevis and V. galamensis. Co-expression of SlEPX and VgDGAT1 or VgDGAT2 greatly increases accumulation of vernolic acid both in petunia leaves and soybean somatic embryos. Seed-specific expression of VgDGAT1 and VgDGAT2 in SlEPX mature soybean seeds results in vernolic acid levels of approximately 15% and 26%. Both DGAT1 and DGAT2 increase epoxy fatty acid accumulation with DGAT2 having much greater impact.