gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fast extraction of adaptive multiresolution meshes with guaranteed properties from volumetric data (2001)

We present a new algorithm for extracting adaptive multiresolution triangle meshes from volume datasets. The algorithm guarantees that the topological genus of the generated mesh is the same as the genus of the surface embedded in the volume dataset at all levels of detail. In addition to this hard constraint on the genus of the mesh, the user can choose to specify some number of soft geometric constraints, such as triangle aspect ratio, minimum or maximum total number of vertices, minimum and/or maximum triangle edge lengths, maximum magnitude of various error metrics per triangle or vertex, including maximum curvature (area) error, maximum distance to the surface, and others. The mesh extraction process is fully automatic and does not require manual adjusting of parameters to produce the desired results as long as the user does not specify incompatible constraints. The algorithm robustly handles special topological cases, such as trimmed surfaces (intersections of the surface with the volume boundary), and manifolds with multiple disconnected components (several closed surfaces embedded in the same volume dataset). The meshes may self-intersect at coarse resolutions. However, the self-intersections are corrected automatically as the resolution of the meshes increase. We show several examples of meshes extracted from complex volume datasets.
HDTV Subband/DCT Coding Using IIR Filter Banks: Coding Strategies (1989)

The results of a study of HDTV subband coding using an Infinite-duration Impulse Response (IIR) filter bank is described. The coding scheme consists of using Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coding in the lowest frequency band and runlength/entropy coding in the high frequency bands. Coding strategies in representing the information in the different subbands, and the tradeoffs involved in apportioning the budget of bits among the different subbands are described. Issues in the selection and implementation of the analysis and synthesis filter banks are discussed. The effect of varying the order of the analysis and synthesis filters on the reconstruction of the signal is also examined.
Toughening in Graphene Ceramic Composites (2011)

The majority of work in graphene nanocomposites has focused on polymer matrices. Here we report for the first time the use of graphene to enhance the toughness of bulk silicon nitride ceramics. Ceramics are ideally suited for high-temperature applications but suffer from poor toughness. Our approach uses graphene platelets (GPL) that are homogeneously dispersed with silicon nitride particles and densified, at ∼1650 °C, using spark plasma sintering. The sintering parameters are selected to enable the GPL to survive the harsh processing environment, as confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. We find that the ceramic's fracture toughness increases by up to ∼235% (from ∼2.8 to ∼6.6 MPa·m(1/2)) at ∼1.5% GPL volume fraction. Most interestingly, novel toughening mechanisms were observed that show GPL wrapping and anchoring themselves around individual ceramic grains to resist sheet pullout. The resulting cage-like graphene structures that encapsulate the individual grains were observed to deflect propagating cracks in not just two but three dimensions.
Shear elasticity probe for soft tissues with 1-D transient elastography (2002)

Important tissue parameters such as elasticity can be deduced from the study of the propagation of low frequency shear waves. A new method for measuring the shear velocity in soft tissues is presented in this paper. Unlike conventional transient elastography, in which the ultrasonic transducer and the low frequency vibrator are two separated parts, the new method relies on a probe that associates the vibrator and the transducer, which is built on the axis of the vibrator. This setup is easy to use. The low frequency shear wave is driven by the transducer itself that acts as a piston while it is used in pulse echo mode to acquire ultrasonic lines. The results obtained with the new method are in good agreement with those obtained with the conventional one.
ComP-net (2018)

Current state-of-the-art in GPU networking advocates a host-centric model that reduces performance and increases code complexity. Recently, researchers have explored several techniques for networking within a GPU kernel itself. These approaches, however, suffer from high latency, waste energy on the host, and are not scalable with larger/more GPUs on a node. In this work, we introduce Command Processor Networking (ComP-Net), which leverages the availability of scalar cores integrated on the GPU itself to provide high-performance intra-kernel networking. ComP-Net enables efficient synchronization between the Command Processors and Compute Units on the GPU through a line locking scheme implemented in the GPU's shared last-level cache. We illustrate that ComP-Net can improve application performance by up to 20% and provide up to 50% reduction in energy consumption vs. competing networking techniques across a Jacobi stencil, allreduce collective, and machine learning applications.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY OF 2‐β‐D‐RIBOFURANOSYLSELENAZOLE‐4‐CARBOXAMIDE AND RELATED DERIVATIVES (1983)

Abstract Aus dem Nitril (I) erhält man das Selenoamid (II), das über die Verbindung (IV) in das gewünschte Selenazol (VI) umgewandelt wird.
Human microglial cells synthesize albumin in brain (2008)

Abstract Albumin has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease since it can bind to and transport amyloid beta, the causative agent; albumin is also a potent inhibitor of amyloid beta polymerization. In a pilot phase study of Human Brain Proteome Project, we found evidence that albumin may be synthesized in immortalized human microglial cells, human primary microglial cells, and human fetal and adult brain tissues. We also found the synthesis and secretion is enhanced upon microglial activation by Amyloid [beta]~1-42~, lipopolysaccharide treatment or human Alzheimer's brain.
New nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonists. 1. Synthesis, biological properties and structure-activity relationships of 2-alkylbenzimidazole derivatives (1992)

On the basis of an extension of the literature lead 1, a series of benzimidazoles have been synthesized and shown to be angiotensin II (AII) receptor antagonists. The structure-activity relationships of these new antagonists have been explored and the key binding interactions defined. Molecular mechanics calculations were carried out on analogues of imidazole AII antagonists and conformationally restricted analogues were synthesized. The benzimidazole antagonists displaced AII in binding studies in vitro with IC50 values in the range 10(-5)-10(-7) M and antagonized the hypertensive effects of AII in vivo (rats) following intravenous administration with ED50 values in the range of 5-20 mg/kg.
Resource Shared Galois Field Computation for Energy Efficient AES/CRC in IoT Applications (2019)

End-to-end encryption and reliability of the transmitted data are essential requirements in the present era of internet enabled smart devices. Adhering to current industry standards, the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) are the two most utilized methods for ensuring security and reliability. To integrate AES and CRC functionality in ultralow-power embedded System on Chips (SoCs), dedicated computation engines/co-processors are often used, consuming valuable silicon area and additional battery power. This paper presents the design of an energy-efficient multipurpose encryption engine capable of processing both AES and CRC algorithms using a shared Galois Field Computation Unit (GFCU). By decomposing the necessary Galois Field operations of AES and CRC to their fundamental binary steps, it was possible to identify shared operations in these two algorithms. This approach allowed the development of a resource shared system architecture capable of computing AES-128 and CRC-32 using a single computation unit. The GFCU based design was implemented in an area of 151μm x 151μm in 90nm technology node. The energy consumption of the design operating at 0.8 V supply voltage for a 25.6 Mbps throughput was less than 280pJ and 140pJ for AES-128 encryption and CRC-32, respectively.
A fast and sensitive room-temperature graphene nanomechanical bolometer (2019)

Bolometers are a powerful means of detecting light. Emerging applications demand that bolometers work at room temperature, while maintaining high speed and sensitivity, properties which are inherently limited by the heat capacity of the detector. To this end, graphene has generated interest, because it has the lowest mass per unit area of any material, while also possessing extreme thermal stability and an unmatched spectral absorbance. Yet, due to its weakly temperature-dependent electrical resistivity, graphene has failed to challenge the state-of-the-art at room temperature. Here, in a departure from conventional bolometry, we use a graphene nanoelectromechanical system to detect light via resonant sensing. In our approach, absorbed light heats and thermally tensions a suspended graphene resonator, thereby shifting its resonant frequency. Using the resonant frequency as a readout for photodetection, we achieve a room-temperature noise-equivalent power (2 pW Hz<sup>-1/2</sup>) and bandwidth (from 10 kHz up to 1.3 MHz), challenging the state-of-the-art.
ChemInform Abstract: Polyacrylic Crosslinked Resins with Pendant Chirality as Auxiliary in Supported Asymmetric Synthesis. (1987)

Abstract Copolymerization of the amides (I) ‐ (III) yields the randomly crosslinked resins (IV) which possess chiral centres.
A 3D-printed Lateral Skull Base Implant for Repair of Tegmen Defects: A Case Series (2020)

Computer modeling and 3D printing can design custom fitted tegmen reconstruction plates for temporal bone defects. Versatility in prefabrication and 3D modeling shows potential in allowing the construct to avoid critical structures and adequately cover defects with high precision to the tegmen surface.
Long QT Syndrome Patients With Mutations of the <i>SCN5A</i> and <i>HERG</i> Genes Have Differential Responses to Na <sup>+</sup> Channel Blockade and to Increases in Heart Rate (1995)

This is the first study to demonstrate differential responses of LQTS patients to interventions targeted to their specific genetic defect. These findings also suggest that LQT3 patients may be more likely to benefit from Na+ channel blockers and from cardiac pacing because they would be at higher risk of arrhythmia at slow heart rates. Conversely, LQT2 patients may be at higher risk to develop syncope under stressful conditions because of the combined arrhythmogenic effect of catecholamines with the insufficient adaptation of their QT interval when heart rate increases.
Exogenous and endogenous two-photon absorption for Intra-tissue Refractive Index Shaping (IRIS) in live corneal tissue [Invited] (2011)

Both exogenous and endogenous two-photon absorption were shown to significantly enhance femtosecond laser micromachining in corneal tissue. Comparison with previous results without two-photon enhancement demonstrated a much larger refractive index change, up to 0.037.
Finance-Based Scheduling of Construction Projects Using Integer Programming (2004)

Construction scheduling is the process of devising schemes for sequencing activities. A realistic schedule fulfills the real concerns of users, thus minimizing the chances of schedule failure. The minimization of total project duration has been the concept underlying critical-path method/program evaluation and review technique (CPM/PERT) schedules. Subsequently, techniques including resource management and time-cost trade-off analysis were developed to customize CPM/PERT schedules in order to fulfill users’ concerns regarding project resources, cost, and time. However, financing construction activities throughout the course of the project is another crucial concern that must be properly treated otherwise, nonrealistic schedules are to be anticipated. Unless contractors manage to procure adequate cash to keep construction work running according to schedule, the pace of work will definitely be relaxed. Therefore, always keeping scheduled activities in balance with available cash is a potential contribution to producing realistic schedules. This paper introduces an integer-programming finance-based scheduling method to produce financially feasible schedules that balance the financing requirements of activities at any period with the cash available during that same period. The proposed method offers twofold benefits of minimizing total project duration and fulfilling finance availability constraints.
Bipolar Plate-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (2003)

This project addresses the following technical barriers from the Fuel Cells section of the Hydrogen, Fuel Cells and Infrastructure Technologies Program Multi-Year R,D&D Plan: • D. Fuel Cell Power System Benchmarking • L. Hydrogen Purification/Carbon Monoxide Cleanup • M. Fuel Processor System Integration And Efficiency • O. Stack Material And Manufacturing Cost • P. Durability • Q. Electrode Performance
Nutritional and Hormonal Regulation of Thyroid Hormone Deiodinases (1995)

Selenocysteine has been identified in the active center of types 1 and 3 iodothyronine deiodinases, two important enzymes regulating the formation and degradation of the active thyroid hormone, 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3). Selenium is thus required for such complex processes as normal growth, brain development, and metamorphosis, all of which are thyroid hormone dependent. Structural and functional analyses of the type 1 deiodinase mRNA allowed identification of the selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS) element, a stem-loop structure in the 3' untranslated region of the mRNA. SECIS elements with conserved sequence and structural features are also present in the 3' untranslated regions of the mRNAs encoding selenoprotein P and the glutathione peroxidase family of selenoproteins. These elements are necessary and sufficient for directing selenocysteine incorporation into the deiodinases and the other mammalian selenoproteins.
Magnetic resonance measurements of tissue quantity and quality using T<sub>2</sub>* relaxometry predict temporal changes in the biomechanical properties of the healing ACL (2017)

our time-specific, T<sub>2</sub> *-based regression model may allow us to estimate the structural properties of ACL repairs in vivo longitudinally. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1701-1709, 2018.
Frequency and average gray-level information for thermal ablation status in ultrasound B-Mode sequences (2020)

Abstract During thermal ablation in a target tissue the information about temperature is crucial for decision making of successful therapy. An observable temporal and spatial temperature propagation would give a visual feedback of irreversible cell damage of the target tissue. Potential temperature features in ultrasound (US) B-Mode image sequences during radiofrequency (RF) ablation in ex-vivo porcine liver were found and analysed. These features could help to detect the transition between reversible and irreversible damage of the ablated target tissue. Experimental RF ablations of ex-vivo porcine liver were imaged with US B-Mode imaging and image sequences were recorded. Temperature was simultaneously measured within the liver tissue around a bipolar RF needle electrode. In the B-Mode images, regions of interest (ROIs) around the centre of the measurement spots were analysed in post-processing using average gray-level (AVGL) compared against temperature. The pole of maximum energy level in the time-frequency domain of the AVGL changes was investigated in relation to the measured temperatures. Frequency shifts of the pole were observed which could be related to transitions between the states of tissue damage.
Investigations of <i>In Vitro</i> Corrosion, and Wear Properties of TiN PVD Coating on Ti6Al4V Alloy for Dental Application (2019)

Ti alloys have been widely used for biomedical applications.The generated wear debris due to its low wear resistance lead to inflammations and reduce the lifetime of the implant. So, the coating has been used to improve corrosion and wear resistance. In the present work, we report the assessments of TiN coating deposited by CA-PVD on Ti6Al4V alloy for dental applications. The deposited coating was characterized by XRD and SEM. Mechanical properties were assessed using micorindentation. The in vitro corrosion properties was investigated using PDP and EIS in artificial saliva. The wear rate was characterized using the linear reciprocating tribometer. The results showed that a TiN layer with 1.8 µm thickness was deposited with a hardness of 24.9±8.123 GPa and a Modulus of elasticity of 244.7±14.8 GPa. The corrosion study revealed enhancement in the corrosion performance of the coated sample in artificial saliva. The wear rate of the coated samples was also enhanced for the coated sample. The improved surface hardness, corrosion and wear characteristics of the TiN coating suggests that TiN coating would be a potential candidate for dental applications.
Durable Control of Autoimmune Diabetes in Mice Achieved by Intraperitoneal Transplantation of “Neo-Islets,” Three-Dimensional Aggregates of Allogeneic Islet and “Mesenchymal Stem Cells” (2017)

Novel interventions that reestablish endogenous insulin secretion and thereby halt progressive end-organ damage and prolong survival of patients with autoimmune Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are urgently needed. While this is currently accomplished with allogeneic pancreas or islet transplants, their utility is significantly limited by both the scarcity of organ donors and life-long need for often-toxic antirejection drugs. Coadministering islets with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that exert robust immune-modulating, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and angiogenic actions, improves intrahepatic islet survival and function. Encapsulation of insulin-producing cells to prevent immune destruction has shown both promise and failures. Recently, stem cell-derived insulin secreting β-like cells induced euglycemia in diabetic animals, although their clinical use would still require encapsulation or anti-rejection drugs. Instead of focusing on further improvements in islet transplantation, we demonstrate here that the intraperitoneal administration of islet-sized "Neo-Islets" (NIs), generated by in vitro coaggregation of allogeneic, culture-expanded islet cells with high numbers of immuno-protective and cyto-protective MSCs, resulted in their omental engraftment in immune-competent, spontaneously diabetic nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. This achieved long-term glycemic control without immunosuppression and without hypoglycemia. In preparation for an Food and Drug Administration-approved clinical trial in dogs with T1DM, we show that treatment of streptozotocin-diabetic NOD/severe combined immunodeficiency mice with identically formed canine NIs produced durable euglycemia, exclusively mediated by dog-specific insulin. We conclude that this novel technology has significant translational relevance for canine and potentially clinical T1DM as it effectively addresses both the organ donor scarcity (>80 therapeutic NI doses/donor pancreas can be generated) and completely eliminates the need for immunosuppression. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:1631-1643.
Synthesizing union tables from the web (2013)

Several recent works have focused on harvesting HTML tables from the Web and recovering their semantics [Cafarella et al., 2008a; Elmeleegy et al., 2009; Limaye et al., 2010; Venetis et al., 2011]. As a result, hundreds of millions of high quality structured data tables can now be explored by the users. In this paper, we argue that those efforts only scratch the surface of the true value of structured data on the Web, and study the challenging problem of synthesizing tables from the Web, i.e., producing never-before-seen tables from raw tables on the Web. Table synthesis offers an important semantic advantage: when a set of related tables are combined into a single union table, powerful mechanisms, such as temporal or geographical comparison and visualization, can be employed to understand and mine the underlying data holistically.

We focus on one fundamental task of table synthesis, namely, table stitching. Within a given site, many tables with identical schemas can be scattered across many pages. The task of table stitching involves combining such tables into a single meaningful union table and identifying extra attributes and values for its rows so that rows from different original tables can be distinguished. Specifically, we first define the notion of stitchable tables and identify collections of tables that can be stitched. Second, we design an effective algorithm for extracting hidden attributes that are essential for the stitching process and for aligning values of those attributes across tables to synthesize new columns. We also assign meaningful names to these synthesized columns. Experiments on real world tables demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
A Bipolar Hybrid Circuit Breaker for Low-Voltage DC Circuits (2021)

Presently available dc breakers fall into three categories, mechanical, static, and hybrid dc breakers. With the advent of dc circuits, generation, and loads, dc breakers are required for system protection. This paper proposes a new alternate method to break dc currents for low-voltage applications. The proposed mechanism utilizes two switches along with two diodes, to reverse the direction of the current flow and clear the fault. This is different than the conventional single-switch commute-and-absorb method used in mechanical or static breakers in the sense that it reverses the current direction and delivers part of the fault energy back to the source. It is shown that the proposed method can break the fault current effectively with minimal arc and significantly reduces the voltage stress across the mechanical switches.
Advances in teletext decoder design (1989)

The author reviews the types and uses of the teletext services available. He then introduces the latest decoders, compares their architecture with that of previous designs, and explores some of their features. Specifically, he considers two third-generation decoder designs, IVT and DVT, which are being introduced to cover the lower and higher ends of the market, respectively. He notes that set manufacturers can substantially reduce the cost of incorporating teletext in their TV sets by using the single-chip integrated VIP and teletext (IVT) decoder, which integrates the data-slicing function with the rest of the decoding circuitry. The author also considers the digital video text (DVT) decoder, which has improved page acquisition and display performance, for use in TV sets with standard or double line frequency scanning.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>