gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development and modeling of electrically triggered hydrogels for microfluidic applications (2005)

In this paper, we present progress in the development of electrically triggered hydrogels as components in microfluidic systems. Stimuli-responsive hydrogels are fabricated using liquid-phase photopolymerization techniques and are subjected to different voltage signals in order to determine their volume change response characteristics. A chemoelectromechanical model has been developed to predict the swelling and deswelling kinetics of these hydrogels. The Nernst-Planck equation, Poisson equation, and mechanical equations are the basic governing relationships, and these are solved in an iterative manner to compute the deformation of the hydrogel in response to varied electrical input.
An electrochemical-based thermal flow sensor (2016)

The first thermal flow sensor to operate on the principle of measuring thermal changes in ionic mobility vis-à-vis electrochemical impedance resulting from flow was developed and demonstrated. Its biocompatible construction on a flexible polymer substrate enables unobtrusive integration with medical implants such as shunts and catheters. Flow is transduced by utilizing electrochemical impedance measurements between an electrode pair to detect temperature changes resulting from transport of liquid focally heated upstream. This approach offers increased sensitivity compared to solid sensing materials and compatibility in saline environments. Flow rates below 320 μL/min could be detected with a limit of detection of 10.7 μL/min. The simple design and performance range is suitable for in vivo applications.
Architecture-Aware Synthesis of Phase Polynomials for NISQ Devices (2023)

We propose a new algorithm to synthesise quantum circuits for phase polynomials, which takes into account the qubit connectivity of the quantum computer. We focus on the architectures of currently available NISQ devices. Our algorithm generates circuits with a smaller CNOT depth than the algorithms currently used in Staq and tket, while improving the runtime with respect the former.
A smartphone-based diagnostic platform for rapid detection of Zika, chikungunya, and dengue viruses (2017)

Current multiplexed diagnostics for Zika, dengue, and chikungunya viruses are situated outside the intersection of affordability, high performance, and suitability for use at the point-of-care in resource-limited settings. Consequently, insufficient diagnostic capabilities are a key limitation facing current Zika outbreak management strategies. Here we demonstrate highly sensitive and specific detection of Zika, chikungunya, and dengue viruses by coupling reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) with our recently developed quenching of unincorporated amplification signal reporters (QUASR) technique. We conduct reactions in a simple, inexpensive and portable "LAMP box" supplemented with a consumer class smartphone. The entire assembly can be powered by a 5 V USB source such as a USB power bank or solar panel. Our smartphone employs a novel algorithm utilizing chromaticity to analyze fluorescence signals, which improves the discrimination of positive/negative signals by 5-fold when compared to detection with traditional RGB intensity sensors or the naked eye. The ability to detect ZIKV directly from crude human sample matrices (blood, urine, and saliva) demonstrates our device's utility for widespread clinical deployment. Together, these advances enable our system to host the key components necessary to expand the use of nucleic acid amplification-based detection assays towards point-of-care settings where they are needed most.
Design and Implementation of IEEE 802.21 Framework for WIBRO-HSDPA Seamless Mobility (2009)

Recently, the need for always-best-connected wireless network service is increasing more than ever. To meet this need, wireless network operators prefer cost effective strategy to massive investment on current network before LTE. In this paper, we propose IEEE 802.21 Media Independent Handover (MIH) based network integration solution by which no change is needed for core networks. We use Mobile IP for IP mobility and implement Make-Before-Break (MBB) scheme during vertical handover. In Skype and VoD experiments on commercial WIBRO and HSDPA networks, user did not recognize any interruption of session during handovers.
Secret key agreement by public discussion from common information (1993)

The problem of generating a shared secret key S by two parties knowing dependent random variables X and Y, respectively, but not sharing a secret key initially, is considered. An enemy who knows the random variable Z, jointly distributed with X and Y according to some probability distribution P/sub XYZ/, can also receive all messages exchanged by the two parties over a public channel. The goal of a protocol is that the enemy obtains at most a negligible amount of information about S. Upper bounds on H(S) as a function of P/sub XYZ/ are presented. Lower bounds on the rate H(S)/N (as N to infinity ) are derived for the case in which X=(X/sub 1/, . . ., X/sub N/), Y=(Y/sub 1/, . . ., Y/sub N/) and Z=(Z/sub 1/, . . ., Z/sub N/) result from N independent executions of a random experiment generating X/sub i/, Y/sub i/ and Z/sub i/ for i=1, . . ., N. It is shown that such a secret key agreement is possible for a scenario in which all three parties receive the output of a binary symmetric source over independent binary symmetric channels, even when the enemy's channel is superior to the other two channels.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Aboriginal biography: Research and resources (1988)

In 1985 an Aboriginal Biographical Index Project was started at the Institute's Library by Dr Diane Barwick. Since then it has been maintained and updated so that now - largely thanks to Dr Barwicks dedication - the Index holds over 11000 recorded references to biographical information on some 8000 named Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Initially compiled with a strong emphasis on south-eastern historical records, the Index has broadened considerably in scope to cover all Australian States and Territories, especially with the continual addition of contemporary references.
A Graphical Database Interface for a Multimedia DBMS (1991)

Abstract : In this paper we describe the GRAphical Database Interface (GRADI) of a Multimedia Database Management System. As generally true, the user interface is an important part of a system which strongly determines the effectiveness of using it. In order to find a natural way of interacting with the MDBMS system we examined the query specification process used by humans. We found that incremental query specification, natural ways of expressing joins and an additional 'all'-operator are important to improve the query specification process making it considerably easier to use in comparison with query languages like SQL. The Graphical Database Interface described in this paper incorporates the mentioned capabilities as part of the MDBMS system. We think that the principles are of general use not only for multimedia systems but for any database query interface.
<i>Bordetella pertussis</i> adenylate cyclase toxin (ACT) induces cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) in murine macrophages and is facilitated by ACT interaction with CD11b/CD18 (Mac‐1) (2007)

Bordetella pertussis causes a profound inflammatory response in lungs of infected individuals. The adenylate cyclase toxin (ACT) of B. pertussis is a potent enzyme that converts cytosolic ATP into cAMP, and is required for virulence in vivo. During infection, secreted ACT binds to macrophages utilizing the beta2 integrin, Mac-1 (CR3, CD11b/CD18), and subsequent intoxication by ACT inhibits essential antibacterial activities of macrophages. Additionally, Mac-1 has been reported to be a co-receptor for TLR4 required for the full induction of some LPS-responsive genes, including pro-inflammatory cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). We have examined the effect of ACT on COX-2 expression in HEK293T cells expressing Mac-1 and in murine macrophages. We report that ACT induces COX-2 in a manner that absolutely requires the catalytic activity of this enzyme and Mac-1 expression dramatically enhanced the sensitivity of cells to ACT-dependent COX-2 induction. The mechanism of COX-2 induction by ACT utilizes the cAMP-PKA-CREB-dependent pathway. Finally, ACT and TLR2 or TLR4 act synergistically to increase COX-2 expression. These data suggest that ACT contributes significantly to the inflammatory response induced by B. pertussis infection by augmenting COX-2 expression and provides evidence against the concept that ACT functions exclusively via its inhibitory effects on phagocytic leucocytes.
Anti-aircraft fire control and the development of integrated systems at Sperry, 1925-40 (1995)

The dawn of the electrical age brought new types of control systems. Able to transmit data between distributed components and effect action at a distance, these systems employed feedback devices as well as human beings to close control loops at every level. By the time theories of feedback and stability began to become practical for engineers in the 1930s, a tradition of remote and automatic control engineering had developed that built distributed control systems with centralized information processors. These two strands of technology, control theory and control systems, came together to produce the large-scale integrated systems typical of World War II and after.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Shape memory polymer (SMP) gripper with a release sensing system (2023)

A system for releasing a target material, such as an embolic coil from an SMP located at the end of a catheter utilizing an optical arrangement for releasing the material. The system includes a laser, laser driver, display panel, photodetector, fiber optics coupler, fiber optics and connectors, a catheter, and an SMP-based gripper, and includes a release sensing and feedback arrangement. The SMP-based gripper is heated via laser light through an optic fiber causing the gripper to release a target material (e.g., embolic coil for therapeutic treatment of aneurysms). Various embodiments are provided for coupling the laser light into the SMP, which includes specific positioning of the coils, removal of the fiber cladding adjacent the coil, a metal coating on the SMP, doping the SMP with a gradient absorbing dye, tapering the fiber optic end, coating the SMP with low refractive index material, and locating an insert between the fiber optic and the coil.
Nuclear factor-I and activator protein-2 bind in a mutually exclusive way to overlapping promoter sequences and<i>trans</i>-activate the human growth hormone gene (1990)

Transcription of the human growth hormone (hGH) gene and its regulation are controlled by trans-acting factors that bind to hGH gene promoter sequences. Several DNase I footprints have been described within 500 bp of this promoter, one of which (-289 to -267) has not yet been ascribed to a defined factor. By DNase I footprinting, gel mobility shift, and methylation interference assays with extracts from HeLa cells and GH-producing pituitary tumor (GC) cells, we show that this factor belongs to the NF-I family. When NF-I was competed out of the cell extracts, the trans-acting factor AP-2 bound to the same site as NF-I. AP-2 was present not only in HeLa cells, but also in GC cells albeit at a much lower concentration. Consistent with the mutually exclusive binding of NF-I and AP-2, their methylation interference patterns included four guanine residues that were crucial for binding of both NF-I and AP-2. Cell-free transcription from the hGH gene promoter showed that these two factors can transactivate this gene.
Optical edge detection based on high-efficiency dielectric metasurface (2019)

Optical edge detection is a useful method for characterizing boundaries, which is also in the forefront of image processing for object detection. As the field of metamaterials and metasurface is growing fast in an effort to miniaturize optical devices at unprecedented scales, experimental realization of optical edge detection with metamaterials remains a challenge and lags behind theoretical proposals. Here, we propose a mechanism of edge detection based on a Pancharatnam-Berry-phase metasurface. We experimentally demonstrated broadband edge detection using designed dielectric metasurfaces with high optical efficiency. The metasurfaces were fabricated by scanning a focused laser beam inside glass substrate and can be easily integrated with traditional optical components. The proposed edge-detection mechanism may find important applications in image processing, high-contrast microscopy, and real-time object detection on compact optical platforms such as mobile phones and smart cameras.
Hiding Depth Map in JPEG Image and MPEG-2 Video (2011)

Digital watermarking of multimedia content has been proposed as a method for different applications such as copyright protection, content authentication, transaction tracking and data hiding. In this thesis, we propose a lossless watermarking approach based on Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) for a new application of watermarking. A depth map obtained from a stereoscopic image pair is embedded into one of the two images using a reversible watermarking algorithm. Different from existing approaches which hide depth map in spatial domain, the depth information is hidden in the quantized DCT domain of the stereo image in our method. This modification makes the watermarking algorithm compatible with JPEG and MPEG-2 compression. After the investigation of the quantized DCT coefficients distribution of the compressed image and video, The bit-shift operation is utilized to embed the depth map into its associated 2D image reversibly for the purpose of achieving high compression efficiency of the watermarked image and/or video and high visual quality of stereo image and/or video after the depth map is extracted. We implement the proposed method to analyze its performance. The experimental results show that a very high payload of watermark (e.g. depth map) can be embedded into the JPEG compressed image and MPEG-2 video. The compression efficiency is only slightly reduced after the watermark embedding and the quality of the original image or video can be restored completely at the decoder side.
Differentiating between partial discharge sources using envelope comparison of ultra-high-frequency signals (2010)

Partial discharges (PD) in high-voltage equipment cause damage to insulation. One method for detecting them is the ultra-high-frequency (UHF) method. Subsequent analysis using phase-resolved patterns or time-of-flight measurements can identify PD type or locate the defect. This study presents a method for comparing UHF signal envelopes to differentiate between multiple PD sources. Experimental investigations are conducted to identify an approach that strikes a compromise between competing aims of minimising signal sampling rates while retaining sufficient ability to discriminate between PD sources in different locations. The envelope comparison method is efficient and has potential for incorporation within automated systems. Results clearly demonstrate the ability to distinguish between PD sources in different positions, which offers a means to determine the number of PD sources present. Since each PD pulse can then be associated with a particular subset of data, subsequent PD interpretation could be applied to separate PD date streams, rather than to mixed data. An radio frequency (RF) detector circuit was designed and used to validate the approach by means of experiments carried out in a model transformer tank. The technique should be applicable to other condition monitoring systems that are required to distinguish between complex transient signals.
Conditional Divergence Triangle for Joint Training of Generator, Energy-based and Inference Models (2019)

This paper proposes a conditional version of Divergence Triangle [1] as a framework to train generator, energy-based and inference models jointly with the information of labels, where the learning of the above three models are integrated perfectly in a unified probabilistic formulation. Experiments demonstrate that, within this one framework, we are able to complete the following tasks together, (1) control the fine-grained categories to generate realistic images, (2) obtain the meaningful representation of observed data in the low dimensions, and also (3) conduct label classification on unobserved data. Additionally, I also discuss a possible extension on Conditional Divergence Triangle model at the end of this paper for future work.
Receptor-induced conformational changes in the subgroup A avian leukosis and sarcoma virus envelope glycoprotein (1995)

We recently reported that Tva, the host cell receptor for subgroup A avian leukosis and sarcoma viruses, binds specifically to the subgroup A envelope glycoprotein (Env-A) (J.M. Gilbert, P. Bates, H. E. Varmus, and J. M. White, J. Virol. 68:5623-5628, 1994). Here we have tested the hypothesis that binding of Tva causes conformational changes in Env-A that correlate with its conversion from a fusion-inactive to a fusion-active state. Conformational changes were examined by both a proteolysis and an immunoprecipitation assay. A temperature-dependent conformational change, demonstrated by the generation of a specific thermolysin digestion product of the surface (SU) subunit, occurred when a soluble form of Tva (sTva) was incubated with Env-A. sTva did not induce this conformational change in Env-C or in a noninfectious precursor form of Env-A, Env-A CL. However sTva did induce the conformational change in Env-A CL that had been pretreated in vitro to produce the SU and transmembrane (TM) subunits. Moreover, interaction of Tva with Env-A at 25 degrees C, but not at 4 degrees C, appeared to reveal a previously buried segment of the putative fusion peptide of Env-A. Our results suggest that binding of Tva to Env-A results in specific conformational changes in the Env-A glycoprotein that are relevant to the activation of its fusion function.
SHP‐1 and SHP‐2 in T cells: two phosphatases functioning at many levels (2009)

Tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of proteins play a critical role for many T-cell functions. The opposing actions of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) determine the level of tyrosine phosphorylation at any time. It is well accepted that PTKs are essential during T-cell signaling; however, the role and importance of PTPs are much less known and appreciated. Both transmembrane and cytoplasmic tyrosine phosphatases have been identified in T cells and shown to regulate T-cell responses. This review focuses on the roles of the two cytoplasmic PTPs, the Src-homology 2 domain (SH2)-containing SHP-1 and SHP-2, in T-cell signaling, development, differentiation, and function.
Identification of potent and safe antiviral therapeutic candidates against SARS-CoV-2 (2020)

Abstract COVID-19 pandemic has infected millions of people with mortality exceeding 300,000. There is an urgent need to find therapeutic agents that can help clear the virus to prevent the severe disease and death. Identifying effective and safer drugs can provide with more options to treat the COVID-19 infections either alone or in combination. Here we performed a high throughput screen of approximately 1700 US FDA approved compounds to identify novel therapeutic agents that can effectively inhibit replication of coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2. Our two-step screen first used a human coronavirus strain OC43 to identify compounds with anti-coronaviral activities. The effective compounds were then screened for their effectiveness in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2. These screens have identified 24 anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs including previously reported compounds such as hydroxychloroquine, amlodipine, arbidol hydrochloride, tilorone 2HCl, dronedarone hydrochloride, and merfloquine hydrochloride. Five of the newly identified drugs had a safety index (cytotoxic/effective concentration) of >600, indicating wide therapeutic window compared to hydroxychloroquine which had safety index of 22 in similar experiments. Mechanistically, five of the effective compounds were found to block SARS-CoV-2 S protein-mediated cell fusion. These FDA approved compounds can provide much needed therapeutic options that we urgently need in the midst of the pandemic.
The cytologic diagnosis of adenocarcinoma in situ of the cervix uteri and related lesions. I. Adenocarcinoma in situ. (1987)

Seventy cases of histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) of the cervix uteri have been predicted in this laboratory using cytologic criteria, which are illustrated in this paper. The architectural features that were of primary diagnostic importance included an exfoliation pattern consisting of sheets of cells and tissue fragments in the form of cellular strips and rosettes. Nuclear criteria allowed the distinction of AIS into well-differentiated and poorly differentiated types. The former showed nuclear enlargement, an oval nuclear shape, hyperchromasia and moderate-to-coarse granularity as usual features. In the latter, nuclear enlargement was even greater, with an oval-to-round shape, prominent nucleoli and chromatin that was usually only finely granular. Variant patterns of AIS included endocervical, endometrioid and intestinal subtypes, each with characteristic cytologic appearances that correspond closely with their histologic appearances. The evolution of the description of AIS reveals a range of precursor lesions that may match the range of invasive adenocarcinomas originating in the cervix. This suggests that invasive adenocarcinoma of the cervix uteri could be preventable as is its more common squamous counterpart.
High count rate thermal neutron detectors and electronics (2023)

Improved, high count rate thermal neutron counters and electronics enabling new, higher measurement capabilities are disclosed. Next generation 3He and 10B tubes may include an electronics package capable of operating at higher count rates and in higher gamma fields and providing more efficient use of 3He gas. Conventional detector systems may also be upgraded, providing a possible solution to measure spent nuclear fuel with high neutron efficiency previously not possible in 235U fission counter systems. Switching the number of tubes per amplifier allows use of the measured nuclear material for a calibration standard for dead time correction, increasing accuracy of neutron measurements systems. An optimized detector geometry and advanced electronics with double pulse filtering and a dual channel readout may be provided. A bipolar shaper may improve dead time, provide efficient detector use, reduce double pulsing, facilitate high count rate measurements, and allow remote threshold setting.
Spin Pumping by Parametrically Excited Exchange Magnons (2011)

We experimentally show that exchange magnons can be detected by using a combination of spin pumping and the inverse spin-Hall effect proving its wavelength integrating capability down to the submicrometer scale. The magnons were injected in a ferrite yttrium iron garnet film by parametric pumping and the inverse spin-Hall effect voltage was detected in an attached Pt layer. The role of the density, wavelength, and spatial localization of the magnons for the spin pumping efficiency is revealed.
Tartrate-resistant Acid Phosphatase Isoform 5b as Serum Marker for Osteoclastic Activity (2001)

All sera contained both TRAcP isoforms 5a and 5b, but only 5b was present in bone. TRAcP isoform expression was variable in different diseases. Measurement of TRAcP activity at pH 6.1 improves the specificity of immunoassay for isoform 5b.
Characterization of antithrombin levels in pregnancy (2014)

It appears that antithrombin (AT) is consumed at the time of delivery. Our findings have implications for AT replacement or even anticoagulation at the time of delivery.