gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Review of the state of the technology for joining ceramics for high-temperature structural applications (1990)

Three major processes are reviewed for joining ceramics for structural applications; i.e., those which impose significant stresses, at elevated temperatures, and in corrosive environments. Included are discussions on diffusion welding, brazing with filler metals, and brazing with nonmetallic filler materials (glasses). 67 refs., 7 figs.
A metal interconnected cascade (MIC<sup>2</sup>) solar cell (1981)

A novel cascade solar cell using an etched groove and metallization interconnect scheme is described. This eliminates the requirement for growing a shorting junction in an already complex epitaxial structure. Device fabrication and performance are described. Detailed computer models show this device will have efficiency comparable to a cell with a tunnel junction interconnect.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Substituted 11‐(4‐Piperidylene)‐5,6‐dihydro‐11H‐benzo(5,6)cyclohepta‐(1,2‐b)pyridines. Antihistamines with no Sedating Liability. (1987)

Abstract The carbamates (III) were prepared either by reacting the azatadine derivatives (I) with the chloroformate (II) or by treatment of the phenylester (III) (R: ‐Ph) with the appropriate alkoxide (IV).
Counting people in crowds with a real-time network of simple image sensors (2003)

Estimating the number of people in a crowded environment is a central task in civilian surveillance. Most vision-based counting techniques depend on detecting individuals in order to count, an unrealistic proposition in crowded settings. We propose an alternative approach that directly estimates the number of people. In our system, groups of image sensors segment foreground objects from the background, aggregate the resulting silhouettes over a network, and compute a planar projection of the scene’s visual hull. We introduce a geometric algorithm that calculates bounds on the number of persons in each region of the projection, after phantom regions have been eliminated. The computational requirements scale well with the number of sensors and the number of people, and only limited amounts of data are transmitted over the network. Because of these properties, our system runs in real-time and can be deployed as an untethered wireless sensor network. We describe the major components of our system, and report preliminary experiments with our first prototype implementation. 1.
Free-standing polycrystalline boron phosphide film and method for production thereof (1982)

A process for producing a free-standing polycrystalline boron phosphide film comprises growing a film of boron phosphide in a vertical growth apparatus on a metal substrate. The metal substrate has a coefficient of thermal expansion sufficiently different from that of boron phosphide that the film separates cleanly from the substrate upon cooling thereof, and the substrate is preferably titanium. The invention also comprises a free-standing polycrystalline boron phosphide film for use in electronic device fabrication.
Additional file 4: of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated viral interference in plants (2015)

Supplementary sequences and maps. Supplemental sequence 1. TYLCV 2.3 genome sequence and map. Supplemental sequence 2. IR-gRNA (TYLCV) sequence and map. Supplemental sequence 3. CP-gRNA (TYLCV) sequence and map. Supplemental sequence 4. RCRII-gRNA (TYLCV) sequence and map. Supplementary sequence 5. IR-gRNA (BCTV Worland) sequence and map. Supplementary sequence 6. RCRII-gRNA (BCTV Worland) sequence and map. Supplementary sequence 7. BCTV (Worland) sequence and map. Supplementary sequence 8. MeMV sequence and map. Supplementary sequence 9. Non-specific-sgRNA sequence and map. (PDF 3031 kb)
Stabilization of iodine-doped polyacetylene in aqueous solutions (1983)

The conductivity decay which typically accompanies the storage of iodine-doped polyacetylene even in inert atmospheres can be significantly suppressed by immersion of the doped polymer in aqueous chloride containing solutions in which the chloride ion concentration is 1.0 M or greater.
Synthesis of New N-Containing Maltooligosaccharides, .ALPHA.-Amylase Inhibitors, and Their Biological Activities. (1999)

Fifteen new N-containing maltooligosaccharides were obtained using the chemoenzymatic method. Among these compounds, maltooligosaccharides having 6-amino-6-deoxy-D-sorbitol residue, (3R,4R,5R,6S)-hexahydro-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxy-1H-azepine residue, and (3R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxypiperidine residue at the reducing end showed strong inhibitory activities for human pancreatic alpha-amylase (HPA) (EC 3.2.1.1) and human salivary alpha-amylase (HSA). The administration of (3R,4R,5R,6S)-hexahydro-3,5,6-trihydroxy-1H-azepine-4-yl O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (13, IC50 = 4.3 x 10(-5) M for HPA, IC50 = 8.2 x 10(-5) M for HSA) and (3R,5R)-3,5-dihydroxypiperidine-4-yl O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (18, IC50 = 3.4 x 10(-5) M for HPA, IC50 = 4.6 x 10(-5) M for HSA) to ICR mice suppressed postprandial hyperglycemia.
Analytic model of Web servers in distributed environments (2000)

In this paper, we illustrate a model-based approach to Web server performance evaluation, and present an analytic queueing model of Web servers in distributed environments. Performance predictions from the analytic model match well with the performance observed from simulation. The model forms an excellent basis for a decision support tool to allow system architects to predict the behavior of new systems prior to deployment, or existing systems under new workload scenarios.
RTL-PSC: Automated Power Side-Channel Leakage Assessment at Register-Transfer Level (2019)

Power side-channel attacks (SCAs) have become a major concern to the security community due to their non-invasive feature, low-cost, and effectiveness in extracting secret information from hardware implementation of cryto algorithms. Therefore, it is imperative to evaluate if the hardware is vulnerable to SCAs during its design and validation stages. Currently, however, there is little-known effort in evaluating the vulnerability of a hardware to SCAs at early design stage. In this paper, we propose, for the first time, an automated framework, named RTL-PSC, for power side-channel leakage assessment of hardware crypto designs at register-transfer level (RTL) with built-in evaluation metrics. RTL-PSC first estimates power profile of a hardware design using functional simulation at RTL. Then it utilizes the evaluation metrics, comprising of KL divergence metric and the success rate (SR) metric based on maximum likelihood estimation to perform power side-channel leakage (PSC) vulnerability assessment at RTL. We analyze Galois-Field (GF) and Look-up Table (LUT) based AES designs using RTL-PSC and validate its effectiveness and accuracy through both gate-level simulation and FPGA results. RTL-PSC is also capable of identifying blocks inside the design that contribute the most to the PSC vulnerability which can be used for efficient countermeasure implementation.
Specific immunoassay of alpha-amylase isoenzymes in human serum. (1985)

A monoclonal antibody (66C7) was prepared that specifically binds human salivary amylase (EC 3.2.1.1); it cross reacts with human pancreatic amylase by less than 1%. Two procedures are described for determination of isoamylases in human serum with this antibody: an enzyme immunoassay for determining amylase of salivary origin, and a routine method in which this amylase is immunoprecipitated and the remaining (pancreatic) amylase activity is assayed. Results by the two methods correlate well.
Thermochemical production of hydrogen from water (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermochemical production of hydrogen from waterC. E. Bamberger , J. Braunstein , and D. M. Richardson Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1978, 55, 9, 561Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1978Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 September 1978Published inissue 1 September 1978https://doi.org/10.1021/ed055p561Request reuse permissionsArticle Views275Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (3 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Investigation of Coil Designs for Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Mice (2016)

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive, surgery-free, and safe treatment for major depressive disorder. There is a need to develop coils, which can stimulate deep brain regions for the treatment of other neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease. Stimulation of the deep brain regions cannot be directly tested on human subjects without successful animal trials. In this paper, seven mouse TMS coils were compared and their electric and magnetic fields in the brain were calculated. Coils, such as “Slinky” coil and “V” coil, stimulate small and outer layers of the mouse brain, while “Animal Halo” coil stimulates ~90 % of the mouse brain. This comparison between the coils enables researchers to choose the right coil according to their need, such as the depth of penetration or the focality of brain region to be stimulated.
Topologically Interpenetrating Polymeric Networks (1971)

This article describes ways of producing interpenetrating poly meric networks (IPN's). Formation of IPN's is one method used in overcoming the difficulty in mixing chemically incompatible poly mers. One method of preparing IPN's is the sorption of liquid curable polymers by crosslinked polymer films, then curing the resultant swollen film. Another method involves simultaneous cross linking of the two chemically different polymers mixed in a single solution. Crosslink density gives a good measure of degree of interpenetration.
The importance of gate charge formulation in large-signal PHEMT modeling (2002)

A critical step in developing accurate large signal PHEMT models is the equation used for the gate charge. This paper examines three types of gate charge formulations. Measured versus modeled results at 2, 8 and 16 GHz clearly demonstrate that a two terminal voltage dependent gate charge model provides the best prediction of all the parameters measured, namely : output power, PAE, drain current, harmonic power, and 3rd order intermodulation distortion products Ga.
A comparison of the diagnostic utility of the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio versus PlGF alone for the detection of preeclampsia/HELLP syndrome (2016)

The fully automated Elecsys immunoassay sFlt-1/PlGF ratio provides improved diagnostic utility over the Triage PlGF assay with improved specificity for the clinical management of pregnant women with suspected preeclampsia/HELLP syndrome.
Detection of <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> and a Mutation That Confers Reduced Susceptibility to Itraconazole and Posaconazole by Real-Time PCR and Pyrosequencing (2005)

A real-time PCR and pyrosequencing method was developed to detect Aspergillus fumigatus in whole blood by amplifying the cyp51A gene and sequencing the codon for glycine 54. Mutations in this codon can result in amino acid substitutions that confer reduced susceptibility to itraconazole and posaconazole.
Serologic screening of United States blood donors for <i>Babesia microti</i> using an investigational enzyme immunoassay (2016)

The B. microti EIA detected PCR-positive, potentially infectious blood donors in an endemic population and exhibited high specificity among uninfected and unexposed individuals. The EIA promises to provide an effective tool for blood donor screening for B. microti in a format amenable to high-throughput and cost-effective screening.
SiO<sub>2</sub>/Grooved Al Electrode/LiTaO<sub>3</sub> and Edge-Reflection Surface Acoustic Wave Structures Having Large Reflection Coefficient, Large Coupling Factor, and Excellent Temperature Characteristic Even If Al Electrodes Are Used (2006)

SiO2/Grooved Al Electrode/LiTaO3 and Edge-Reflection Surface Acoustic Wave Structures Having Large Reflection Coefficient, Large Coupling Factor, and Excellent Temperature Characteristic Even If Al Electrodes Are Used, Michio Kadota, Tetsuya Kimura
Biomass Pre-Extraction as a Versatile Strategy to Improve Biorefinery Feedstock Flexibility, Sugar Yields, and Lignin Purity (2022)

Feedstock flexibility is highly advantageous for the viability of (solvent-based) biorefineries but comes with the considerable challenge of having to cope with the varying nature and typically high abundance of nonlignocellulose compounds in the most readily available residual biomass streams. Here, we demonstrate that mild aqueous acetone organosolv fractionation of various complex lignocellulosic raw materials (roadside grass, wheat straw, birch branches, almond shells, and a mixed stream thereof) is indeed negatively affected by these compounds and present a versatile strategy to mitigate this bottleneck in biorefining. A biomass pre-extraction approach has been developed to remove the detrimental extractives with (aqueous) acetone prior to fractionation. Pre-extraction removed organic extractives as well as minerals, primarily reducing acid dose requirements for fractionation and loss of hemicellulose sugars by degradation and improved the purity of the isolated lignin. We show how pre-extraction affects the effectiveness of the biorefinery process, including detailed mass balances for pretreatment, downstream processing, and product characteristics, and how it affects solvent and energy use with a first conceptual process design. The integrated biorefining approach allows for the improved compatibility of biorefineries with sustainable feedstock supply chains, enhanced biomass valorization (i.e., isolation of bioactive compounds from the extract), and more effective biomass processing with limited variation in product quality.
Multi-stage 3D–2D registration for correction of anatomical deformation in image-guided spine surgery (2017)

A multi-stage image-based 3D-2D registration method is presented that maps annotations in a 3D image (e.g. point labels annotating individual vertebrae in preoperative CT) to an intraoperative radiograph in which the patient has undergone non-rigid anatomical deformation due to changes in patient positioning or due to the intervention itself. The proposed method (termed msLevelCheck) extends a previous rigid registration solution (LevelCheck) to provide an accurate mapping of vertebral labels in the presence of spinal deformation. The method employs a multi-stage series of rigid 3D-2D registrations performed on sets of automatically determined and increasingly localized sub-images, with the final stage achieving a rigid mapping for each label to yield a locally rigid yet globally deformable solution. The method was evaluated first in a phantom study in which a CT image of the spine was acquired followed by a series of 7 mobile radiographs with increasing degree of deformation applied. Second, the method was validated using a clinical data set of patients exhibiting strong spinal deformation during thoracolumbar spine surgery. Registration accuracy was assessed using projection distance error (PDE) and failure rate (PDE > 20 mm-i.e. label registered outside vertebra). The msLevelCheck method was able to register all vertebrae accurately for all cases of deformation in the phantom study, improving the maximum PDE of the rigid method from 22.4 mm to 3.9 mm. The clinical study demonstrated the feasibility of the approach in real patient data by accurately registering all vertebral labels in each case, eliminating all instances of failure encountered in the conventional rigid method. The multi-stage approach demonstrated accurate mapping of vertebral labels in the presence of strong spinal deformation. The msLevelCheck method maintains other advantageous aspects of the original LevelCheck method (e.g. compatibility with standard clinical workflow, large capture range, and robustness against mismatch in image content) and extends capability to cases exhibiting strong changes in spinal curvature.
Intelligent systems using fuzzy logic for the determination of breast tumors (2002)

Describes an intelligent system using fuzzy logic for the determination of breast tumors in ultrasonic images. The system is based on the fuzzy logic and relaxation method for determining a surface region of breast tumor using ultrasonic voxel data. A significant feature of the system is that the membership functions are approximated by Rician density function and their parameter is determined by the histogram of the region that is classified by three dimensional LoG (Laplace of Gaussian) filtering. The authors applied the proposed algorithm to a total of seventy clinical cases, forty malignant and thirty benign tumors. As a result, they obtained a successful extraction and a good agreement with the evaluation of tumors using a conventional diagnosis.
<sup>99m</sup>Tc-Labeled Duramycin as a Novel Phosphatidylethanolamine-Binding Molecular Probe (2008)

99mTc-duramycin is a stable, low-molecular-weight PtdE-binding radiopharmaceutical, with favorable in vivo imaging profiles. It is a strong candidate as a molecular probe for PtdE imaging and warrants further development and characterization.
Gastroprotective Effect of Ginger Rhizome <i>(Zingiber officinale)</i> Extract: Role of Gallic Acid and Cinnamic Acid in H<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>‐ATPase/<i>H. pylori</i> Inhibition and Anti‐Oxidative Mechanism (2009)

Zinger officinale has been used as a traditional source against gastric disturbances from time immemorial. The ulcer-preventive properties of aqueous extract of ginger rhizome (GRAE) belonging to the family Zingiberaceae is reported in the present study. GRAE at 200 mg kg(-1) b.w. protected up to 86% and 77% for the swim stress-/ethanol stress-induced ulcers with an ulcer index (UI) of 50 ± 4.0/46 ± 4.0, respectively, similar to that of lansoprazole (80%) at 30 mg kg(-1) b.w. Increased H(+), K(+)-ATPase activity and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were observed in ulcer-induced rats, while GRAE fed rats showed normalized levels and GRAE also normalized depleted/amplified anti-oxidant enzymes in swim stress and ethanol stress-induced animals. Gastric mucin damage was recovered up to 77% and 74% in swim stress and ethanol stress, respectively after GRAE treatment. GRAE also inhibited the growth of H. pylori with MIC of 300 ± 38 μg and also possessed reducing power, free radical scavenging ability with an IC(50) of 6.8 ± 0.4 μg mL(-1) gallic acid equivalent (GAE). DNA protection up to 90% at 0.4 μg was also observed. Toxicity studies indicated no lethal effects in rats fed up to 5 g kg(-1) b.w. Compositional analysis favored by determination of the efficacy of individual phenolic acids towards their potential ulcer-preventive ability revealed that between cinnamic (50%) and gallic (46%) phenolic acids, cinnamic acid appear to contribute to better H(+), K(+)-ATPase and Helicobacter pylori inhibitory activity, while gallic acid contributes significantly to anti-oxidant activity.
Circulating Anti-Helicobacter pylori Immunoglobulin A Antibodies and Low Serum Pepsinogen I Level Are Associated with Increased Risk of Gastric Cancer (1996)

Helicobacter pylori infection has been suggested to be associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer, and low levels of serum pepsinogen I (PG I) have been linked to atrophic gastritis, which is a risk factor for gastric cancer. In Finland, 39,268 persons from 25 cohorts participated during 1968-1972 in a health examination survey and were followed for up to 13 years. A nested case-control study was performed on 84 stomach cancer patients identified from the Finnish Cancer Registry and 146 controls matched for age, sex, and municipality. Serum samples drawn at the baseline study were analyzed. An elevated level of serum anti-H. pylori immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies (a titer > or = 70) and a low serum PG I level ( < 49 micrograms/liter) were associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer. The odds ratios were 2.52 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14-5.57) for high IgA and 2.68 (95% CI 1.35-5.30) for low PG I. For high immunoglobulin G (IgG) ( > or = 700), the odds ratio was only 1.50 (95% CI 0.70-3.22). When both high IgA and low PG I were present, the odds ratio was 5.96 (95% CI 2.02-17.57). The association of H. pylori infection with cancer became stronger with longer follow-up times, whereas that of low PG I was strongest at shorter follow-up times. Our findings support the hypothesis that H. pylori infection is a prevalent and potentially preventable cause of gastric cancer. They stress the value of IgA antibody determinations and provide new evidence for a pathogenesis leading from prolonged infection through atrophic gastritis to gastric cancer.
A novel high speed, high density SRAM cell utilizing a bistable GeSi/Si tunnel diode (2002)

A three element SRAM cell consisting of a gate transistor, a load device and a bistable GeSi/Si quantum well tunnel diode as the storage element is proposed and demonstrated with a test structure. Being composed of a couple of closely-spaced n-type and p-type /spl delta/-doped layers and a GeSi/Si superlattice, the quantum diode has a unique bistable characteristic and features of high density and high speed. The new SRAM cell is expected to have both the advantages of high speed of SRAM's and high density of DRAM's.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Multi-axis AlN-on-Silicon vibration energy harvester with integrated frequency-upconverting transducers (2012)

This paper presents fully-integrated multi-axis piezoelectric-on-silicon kinetic energy harvesters (KEHs) that demonstrate enhanced power output via mechanical frequency upconversion. Mechanical energy is converted to electrical energy by out-of-plane and in-plane devices that are micromachined on the same substrate. The out-of-plane device demonstrates nearly 100× frequency upconversion of 134 Hz input vibrations, while the in-plane harvester demonstrates more than 3000× frequency upconversion of 2 Hz input vibrations. The batch-fabrication process is compatible with AlN-on-Si devices such as RF resonators and sensors. The total volume of an individual harvester is 5 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> (in-plane) and 1 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> (out-of-plane), implying that stacked arrays of such devices can easily increase power density.
Facile Conversion of Red Phosphorus into Soluble Polyphosphide Anions by Reaction with Potassium Ethoxide (2016)

Soluble polyphosphide anions were successfully generated in a number of organic solvents by the reaction between shelf-stable red phosphorus and potassium ethoxide. The species were identified by (31)P NMR spectroscopy in solution and by X-ray crystal-structure determination of (Bu4N)2P16 in the solid state. The reaction was scaled up to gram quantities by using a flow-chemistry process.