gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
VHTR NUMERICAL BENCHMARK BASED ON THE COMPACT NUCLEAR POWER SOURCE EXPERIMENTS (2007)

Two- and three-dimensional numerical benchmark cases based on the Compact Nuclear Power Source (CNPS) experiments conducted at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in the 1980s have been specified for the validation and verification of Very High Temperature Reactor (VHTR) physics codes. Previous evaluation of the CNPS experiments has shown that the experimental tests could be useful for the validation of neutronic data and codes developed for the analysis of VHTR cores and that the Monte Carlo results obtained for critical test configurations are representative of the neutronic characteristics of the CNPS. To define the benchmark cases that could be readily analyzed by current deterministic lattice and whole-core physics codes, the irregular arrangement of channels in the actual CNPS core was simplified to a regular Cartesian geometry arrangement in the benchmark cases, while preserving the important neutronic characteristics of the CNPS. The results of deterministic calculations using HELIOS/DIF3D were compared to MCNP4C Monte Carlo results to show the usefulness of the numerical benchmark cases.
In situ microspectrofluorometry of nuclear and kinetoplast DNA in Trypanosoma gambiense. (1979)

Using a spectrofluorometer with the Zeiss Universal Micro-Spectrophotometer 1 (UMSP 1), both nuclear and kinetoplast DNA (N-DNA and K-DNA) in the trypomastigote form of Trypanosoma gambiense (Strain Wellcome) were measured in situ without being extracted. As the fluorescent dye, ethidium bromide was preferably employed because there was a very marked increase in the ethidium fluorescence when the dye was intercalated between the base paires of the DNA helix. According to this method, it became possible to demonstrate the existence of double-stranded DNA in both nucleus and kinetoplast clearer than before.
Isolation of Bacteria which Produce Yeast Cell Wall-Lytic Enzymes and Their Characterization (2008)

To isolate bacteria capable of producing enzymes that lyse cell wall, we screened soil samples from Rokko Mountain where is situated in west Japan. The isolated strains KH1, KH2 and KH3 that secrete yeast cell wall lytic enzymes are described herein. The activity of the enzymes, after isolation from culture supernatants, were examined. The lytic enzyme produced by strain KH3 was the most active in both cell wall degradation and beta-1,3 glucanase activity in comparison with commercially available enzymes. This enzyme also had the highest thermo- and pH-stability. On the baisis of partial 16S rDNA sequence analyses, KH1 and KH3 were identified as Cellulosimicrobium sp. and KH2 as Bacillus sp. KH3 was tested by DNA-DNA hybridization and GC content in an attempt to precisely classify it, because the 16S rDNA sequence similarities to other strains were very high at 99.4%. These chemotaxonomic experiments indicate that KH3 belongs to Cellulosimicrobium cellulans.
All silicon multi chip module with a fully integrated cooling system (2002)

This paper proposes a novel silicon-on-silicon multichip module with an integrated thermal management system. Our module offers a new packaging approach, which allows great densification of the number of electronic circuits on a common substrate that is almost equivalent to wafer scale integration, yet uses discrete chips. Wet anisotropic etching is used for the separation of silicon integrated circuits as well as for the fabrication of the chip-receiving cavities in the MCM substrate. The etching exposes Si{111} planes in both chip and receiving surface, assuring a virtually perfect mating of the assemblage. The system is complemented with an integrated cooling channel which allows the removal of heat fluxes up to 300 Wcm/sup -2/.
HyperHistory (2005)

HyperHistory is a web browser extension supporting the user's browsing habits. Second only to processing information, finding it is the most essential task. As users frequently return to previously seen documents, this work focuses on revisitation patterns. The extension improves the browser's navigational facilities and alleviates some of the most urgent and well-documented issues both built-in and third-party solutions have not yet successfully solved. HyperHistory attempts to mend the rift between the user's mental model and the context-less representation the browser's history provides. Furthermore, the extension lessens the affordance necessary to efficiently gather and retrieve information by preserving the semantic context based on visited hyperlinks and estimating the value a single page has to the user.
Sputtered Al-Ti electrodes for high power durable SAW devices (2003)

DC magnetron sputtering and Ti addition for Al electrodes are studied to achieve higher durability of SAW (surface acoustic wave) devices operating at high frequency and high power. Experiments on SAW resonators and ladder-type SAW filters were conducted. The sputtering is shown to be better than conventional electron-gun evaporation for both the reproducibility of the film composition and durability. The sputtered Al films with 0.4-wt.%-to-0.8-wt.% Ti addition lead to a durability for three-times-larger power than for 0.7-wt.% Cu addition to evaporated Al films.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Structural Basis for UBA-mediated Dimerization of c-Cbl Ubiquitin Ligase (2007)

Ligand-induced down-regulation by the ubiquitin-protein ligases, c-Cbl and Cbl-b, controls signaling downstream from many receptor-tyrosine kinases (RTK). Cbl proteins bind to phosphotyrosine residues on activated RTKs to affect ligand-dependent ubiquitylation of these receptors targeting them for degradation in the lysosome. Both c-Cbl and Cbl-b contain a ubiquitin-associated (UBA) domain, which is important for Cbl dimerization and tyrosine phosphorylation; however, the mechanism of UBA-mediated dimerization and its requirement for Cbl biological activity is unclear. Here, we report the crystal structure of the UBA domain of c-Cbl refined to 2.1-A resolution. The structure reveals the protein is a symmetric dimer tightly packed along a large hydrophobic surface formed by helices 2 and 3. NMR chemical shift mapping reveals heterodimerization can occur with the related Cbl-b UBA domain via the same surface employed for homodimerization. Disruption of c-Cbl dimerization by site-directed mutagenesis impairs c-Cbl phosphorylation following activation of the Met/hepatocyte growth factor RTK and c-Cbl-dependent ubiquitination of Met. This provides direct evidence for a role of Cbl dimerization in terminating signaling following activation of RTKs.
Einleitung (2000)

„Die gesellschaftliche Krise hat die Jugend erreicht.“ Unter diesem Titel werden die Ergebnisse der 12. Shell Jugendstudie, die im Mai 1997 der Öffentlichkeit vorgestellt wurde, zusammengefaßt. Erstmals verfolgt diese in der Bundesrepublik seit den 50er Jahren in unregelmäßigen Abständen vorgenommene Untersuchung eine Themenstellung: „Sie will nämlich Voraussetzungen, Motive und Formen sowie das Verständnis des sozialen, gesellschaftlichen und politischen Engagements Jugendlicher analysieren.“ (Fischer/Münchmeier 1997, 11f) Damit reagiert das Jugendwerk der Deutschen Shell auf die paradox erscheinende Situation, daß trotz der besonderen Betroffenheit von einer prekären Lage am Arbeitsmarkt und im Bereich der Ausbildung keine signifikante Bereitschaft junger Menschen zur Partizipation am politischen Prozeß zu erkennen ist. So resümiert bereits 1995 der Politikwissenschaftler Peter Grottian: „Noch niemals in den letzten 25 Jahren ist eine Jugend so lautlos und schamlos in ihren persönlich-beruflichen Perspektiven betrogen worden — und noch niemals hat sie das so klaglos hingenommen.“ (FR vom 14.9.1995) Diese Einschätzung orientiert sich insbesondere an Indikatoren institutionalisierter Interessenvertretung wie der Mitgliedschaft in Parteien oder Verbänden, aber auch an der abnehmenden Beteiligung an Bürgerinitiativen und sozialen Bewegungen. Die Shell-Studie „Jugend ’97“ bestätigt diesen Befund: Bei den abgefragten Organisationen erreichen Parteien und Gewerkschaften mit einem bzw. zwei Prozent die niedrigsten Werte bei der Mitgliedschaft und auch den „sozialen Reform- und Protestbewegungen rechnen sich nur wenige Jugendliche zu (meist unter 5%)“ (Fritzsche 1997, 370).1
The FlowVizMenu and Parallel Scatterplot Matrix: Hybrid Multidimensional Visualizations for Network Exploration (2010)

A standard approach for visualizing multivariate networks is to use one or more multidimensional views (for example, scatterplots) for selecting nodes by various metrics, possibly coordinated with a node-link view of the network. In this paper, we present three novel approaches for achieving a tighter integration of these views through hybrid techniques for multidimensional visualization, graph selection and layout. First, we present the FlowVizMenu, a radial menu containing a scatterplot that can be popped up transiently and manipulated with rapid, fluid gestures to select and modify the axes of its scatterplot. Second, the FlowVizMenu can be used to steer an attribute-driven layout of the network, causing certain nodes of a node-link diagram to move toward their corresponding positions in a scatterplot while others can be positioned manually or by force-directed layout. Third, we describe a novel hybrid approach that combines a scatterplot matrix (SPLOM) and parallel coordinates called the Parallel Scatterplot Matrix (P-SPLOM), which can be used to visualize and select features within the network. We also describe a novel arrangement of scatterplots called the Scatterplot Staircase (SPLOS) that requires less space than a traditional scatterplot matrix. Initial user feedback is reported.
Enterprise-scale cloud migration orchestrator (2015)

With the promise of low-cost access to flexible and elastic resources, enterprises are increasingly migrating their existing workloads into the Cloud. Yet, the heterogeneity of the workloads and existing configuration of legacy IT infrastructure make it challenging to enable a one-click, seamless migration process. There are multiple tools available for migrating servers based on their existing configurations and multiple ways of dealing with data synchronization (post migration). In this paper, we present a Cloud Migration Orchestrator (CMO), based on business process management (BPM) approach to provide a systematic framework to automate and coordinate migration activities. CMO coordinates the process of migration, starting from discovery, provisioning, network configuration, execution of migration, cutover and validation. CMO integrates multiple migration technologies, to support different migration scenarios. We present and discuss our results from a preliminary deployment of CMO to migrate 25 VMware instances and discuss how this approach improves the effectiveness of migration, and seamlessly coordinates activities required to be executed.
A 55-ns 16-Mb DRAM with built-in self-test function using microprogram ROM (1990)

A single 5-V power supply 16-Mb dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) has been developed using high-speed latched sensing and a built-in self-test (BIST) function with a microprogrammed ROM, in which automatic test pattern generation procedures were stored by microcoded programs. The chip was designed using a double-level Al wiring, 0.55- mu m CMOS technology. As a result, a 16-Mb CMOS DRAM with 55-ns typical access time and 130-mm/sup 2/ chip area was attained by implementing 4.05- mu m/sup 2/ storage cells. The installed ROM was composed of 18 words*10 b, where the marching test and checkerboard scan write/read test procedures were stored, resulting in successful self-test operation. As the BIST circuit occupies 1 mm/sup 2/ and the area overhead is about 1%, it proves to be promising for large-scale DRAMs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Multiple inversion recovery reduces static tissue signal in angiograms (1991)

Spin label angiography compares two images by subtraction. The first is obtained after blood in one region is labeled by inversion and flows into a region of interest. Labeling is not used for the second image, so only labeled blood remains in the final angiogram after subtraction. This subtraction is never perfect, but with starting images containing less static tissue signal, the remaining background can be reduced. This can be achieved by observing at the zero crossing following an inversion. Multiple inversions allow one to null the signal from tissues with differing T1 simultaneously. We present equations and sample calculations for inversion times and demonstrate the resistance to subject motions (peristalsis, breathing, speaking) resulting from two inversions. Adequate suppression of static tissue signal allows one to dispense with labeling and subtraction, halving the minimum time needed to acquire an image.
The Steelmaking Process Parameter Optimization with a Surrogate Model Based on Convolutional Neural Networks and the Firefly Algorithm (2021)

High-strength low-alloy steels (HSLAs) are widely used in the structural body components of many domestic motor vehicles owing to their better mechanical properties and greater resistance. The real production process of HSLA steelmaking can be regarded as a model that builds on the relationship between process parameters and product quality attributes. A surrogate modeling method is used, and the resulting production process model can be applied to predict the optimal manufacturing process parameters. We used different methods in this paper, including linear regression, random forests, support vector regression, multilayer perception, and a simplified VGG model to build such a surrogate model. We then applied three bio-inspired search algorithms, namely particle swarm optimization, the artificial bee colony algorithm, and the firefly algorithm, to search for the optimal controllable manufacturing process parameters. Through experiments on 9000 test samples used for building the surrogate model and 299 test samples for making the optimal process parameter selection, we found that the combination of a simplified VGG model and the firefly algorithm was the most successful at reaching a success rate of 100%—in other words, when the product quality attributes of all test samples satisfy the mechanical requirements of the end products.
Collision detection, localization & classification for industrial robots with joint torque sensors (2017)

High dynamic capabilities of industrial robots make them dangerous for humans and environment. To reduce this factor and advance collaboration between human and manipulator fast and reliable collision detection algorithm is required. To overcome this problem, we present an approach allowing to detect collision, localize action point and classify collision nature. Internal joint torque and encoder measurements were used to determine potential collisions with the robot links. This work proposes two ways of solving this problem: using classical analytical approach and learning approach implemented with neural network. The suggested algorithms were examined on the industrial robotic arm Kuka iiwa LBR 14 R820, ground truth information on the contact nature and its location were obtained with 3D LIDAR and camera.
Evaluation of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma. (1992)

The usefulness of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) antigen as a tumor marker was investigated in 72 patients with histologically verified non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Increased level of SCC-Ag was observed in 41%, mostly in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (69%). Positive serum SCC-Ag was correlated with lymph node metastases and with the stage of disease. The positive rate of SCC-Ag observed in patients without and with nodal metastases was 52.9% and 84.2%, respectively. Positive SCC-Ag level was observed in 50% of Stage I, 71.4% of Stage II and 78.9% of Stage III patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. The study proved that preoperative SCC-Ag determination in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and the course of levels of this marker during postoperative follow-up was of importance. A high preoperative and postoperative SCC-Ag value suggested a worse prognosis.
Anti-Inflammatory mechanisms of the proteinase-activated receptor 2-inhibiting peptide in human synovial cells (2011)

Our study suggests that the PAR2-IP inhibits trypsin-induced NF-κB activation, resulting in a reduction in inflammatory COX-2 expression in synovial cells. Application of PAR2-IP is suggested as a potential therapeutic strategy for OA.
Increased Expression of the Cardiac L-type Calcium Channel in Estrogen Receptor–deficient Mice (1997)

Steroid hormones control the expression of many cellular regulators, and a role for estrogen in cardiovascular function and disease has been well documented. To address whether the activity of the L-type Ca2+ channel, a critical element in cardiac excitability and contractility, is altered by estrogen and its nuclear receptor, we examined cardiac myocytes from male mice in which the estrogen receptor gene had been disrupted (ERKO mice). Binding of dihydropyridine Ca2+ channel antagonist isradipine (PN200-110) was increased 45.6% in cardiac membranes from the ERKO mice compared to controls, suggesting that a lack of estrogen receptors in the heart increased the number of Ca2+ channels. Whole-cell patch clamp of acutely dissociated adult cardiac ventricular myocytes indicated that Ca2+ channel current was increased by 49% and action potential duration was increased by 75%. Examination of electrocardiogram parameters in ERKO mice showed a 70% increase in the QT interval without significant changes in PQ or QRS intervals. These results show that the membrane density of the cardiac L-type Ca2+ channel is regulated by the estrogen receptor and suggest that decreased estrogen may lead to an increase in the number of cardiac L-type Ca2+ channels, abnormalities in cardiac excitability, and increased risk of arrhythmia and cardiovascular disease.
Structure, Chemical Composition, And Reactivity Correlations during the In Situ Oxidation of 2-Propanol (2011)

Unraveling the complex interaction between catalysts and reactants under operando conditions is a key step toward gaining fundamental insight in catalysis. We report the evolution of the structure and chemical composition of size-selected micellar Pt nanoparticles (∼1 nm) supported on nanocrystalline γ-Al(2)O(3) during the catalytic oxidation of 2-propanol using X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy. Platinum oxides were found to be the active species for the partial oxidation of 2-propanol (<140 °C), while the complete oxidation (>140 °C) is initially catalyzed by oxygen-covered metallic Pt nanoparticles, which were found to regrow a thin surface oxide layer above 200 °C. The intermediate reaction regime, where the partial and complete oxidation pathways coexist, is characterized by the decomposition of the Pt oxide species due to the production of reducing intermediates and the blocking of O(2) adsorption sites on the nanoparticle surface. The high catalytic activity and low onset reaction temperature displayed by our small Pt particles for the oxidation of 2-propanol is attributed to the large amount of edge and corner sites available, which facilitate the formation of reactive surface oxides. Our findings highlight the decisive role of the nanoparticle structure and chemical state in oxidation catalytic reactions.
Electrical control of parametric processes in silicon waveguides (2008)

We demonstrate electrical tuning of phase mismatch in silicon wavelength converters. Active control of birefringence induced by a thin-film piezoelectric transducer integrated on top of the waveguides is used for dispersion engineering. The technology provides a solution for compensating the phase mismatch caused by fabrication errors in integrated waveguides. It also offers a mean to dynamically control the relative dispersion between interacting waves and hence, to introduce electronic control of optical parametric processes.
An Optimized Genetic Approach for Scheduling Task Duplication in Parallel Systems (2015)

Task Scheduling deals with the set of tasks assigned to parallel multiprocessor system and the execution order of the schedule so that the total execution time is minimized. The role of a good scheduling algorithm is to efficiently assign each task to a processor depending on the resources needed, the communication overhead between related tasks is reduced and the precedence relations among tasks are satisfied. It can be efficiently used for tasks that have a large calculation, and have time constraints to complete the schedule. The efficient execution of the task scheduling on parallel system takes the structure of the task and the performance characteristics of the proposed genetic algorithm. It falls in the category of NP-complete problem. This study proposes a parallel genetic algorithm-based approach to schedule tasks on parallel system with task duplication heuristics. Task duplication can minimize inter-processor communication and hence results in shorter finish times. Its performance is measured in comparison with the Round Robin (RR), First Come First Serve (FCFS), and Multi-level queue scheduling (MQS), Shortest Job First (SJF), Largest Job First (LJF) and Priority scheduling methods.
A New Method for Navigating Optimal Direction for Pulling Ligand from Binding Pocket: Application to Ranking Binding Affinity by Steered Molecular Dynamics (2015)

In this paper we present a new method for finding the optimal path for pulling a ligand from the binding pocket using steered molecular dynamics (SMD). Scoring function is defined as the steric hindrance caused by a receptor to ligand movement. Then the optimal path corresponds to the minimum of this scoring function. We call the new method MSH (Minimal Steric Hindrance). Contrary to existing navigation methods, our approach takes into account the geometry of the ligand while other methods including CAVER only consider the ligand as a sphere with a given radius. Using three different target + receptor sets, we have shown that the rupture force Fmax and nonequilibrium work Wpull obtained based on the MSH method show a much higher correlation with experimental data on binding free energies compared to CAVER. Furthermore, Wpull was found to be a better indicator for binding affinity than Fmax. Thus, the new MSH method is a reliable tool for obtaining the best direction for ligand exiting from the binding site. Its combination with the standard SMD technique can provide reasonable results for ranking binding affinities using Wpull as a scoring function.
Polymeric phosphonium salts as a novel class of cationic biocides. IV. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of polymers with phosphonium salts in the main chain (1993)

Abstract Polymers with phosphonium salts and different alkyl spacers in the main chain were prepared, and their antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were explored by the viable cell counting method in sterile distilled water. The antibacterial activity of the polymers was found to be higher than that of the corresponding model compounds against each strain, and the effect of the molecular weight on the antibacterial activity was also observed for the compounds with the same spacer length. The antibacterial activity of the polymer samples bonded with different spacer lengths was found to increase with increasing the spacer length against both strains. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.