gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Message Driven Processor: an integrated multicomputer processing element (2003)

A description is given of the Message-Driven Processor (MDP), an integrated multicomputer node. It incorporates a 36-bit integer processor, a memory management unit, a router for a 3D mesh network, a network interface, a 4K*36-bit word static RAM (SRAM), and an ECC dynamic RAM (DRAM) controller on a single 1.1 M-transistor VLSI chip. The MDP is not specialized for a single model of computation. Instead, it incorporates efficient primitive mechanisms for communication, synchronization, and naming. These mechanisms support most proposed parallel programming models. Each processing node of the MIT J-Machine consists of an MDP with 1 Mbit of DRAM.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Soil Power?: Can Microbial Fuel Cells Power Non-Trivial Sensors? (2021)

This paper explores the power delivery potential of soil-based microbial fuel cells. We build a prototype energy harvesting setup for a soil microbial fuel cell, measure the amount of power that we can harvest, and use that energy to drive an e-ink display as a representative example of a periodic energy-intensive load. Microbial fuel cells are highly sensitive to environmental conditions, especially soil moisture. In near-optimal, super moist conditions our cell provides approximately 100 μW of power at around 500 mV, which is ample power over time to power our system several times a day. We further explore how cell performance diminishes and recovers with varying moisture levels as well as how cell performance is affected by the load from the energy harvester itself. In sum, we find that the confluence of ever lower-power electronics and new understanding of microbial fuel cell design means that soil-powered sensors are now feasible. There remains, however, significant future work to make these systems reliable and maximally performant.
Emergence of CD8+ T Cells Expressing NK Cell Receptors in Influenza A Virus-Infected Mice (2000)

Both innate and adaptive immune responses play an important role in the recovery of the host from viral infections. In the present report, a subset of cells coexpressing CD8 and NKR-P1C (NK1.1) was found in the lungs of mice infected with influenza A virus. These cells were detected at low numbers in the lungs of uninfected mice, but represented up to 10% of the total CD8(+) T cell population at day 10 postinfection. Almost all of the CD8(+)NK1.1(+) cells were CD8alphabeta(+)CD3(+)TCRalphabeta(+) and a proportion of these cells also expressed the NK cell-associated Ly49 receptors. Interestingly, up to 30% of these cells were virus-specific T cells as determined by MHC class I tetramer staining and by intracellular staining of IFN-gamma after viral peptide stimulation. Moreover, these cells were distinct from conventional NKT cells as they were also found at increased numbers in influenza-infected CD1(-/-) mice. These results demonstrate that a significant proportion of CD8(+) T cells acquire NK1.1 and other NK cell-associated molecules, and suggests that these receptors may possibly regulate CD8(+) T cell effector functions during viral infection.
Qalqašandī, Šihāb ad-Dīn Abu l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad (2020)

Studierte in Alexandria Literatur, Traditionswissenschaft und Recht; erhielt 1376–1377 die Lehrerlaubnis (‚iǧza‘) des bekannten Scheichs Ibn al-Mulaqqin (gest. 1401); wurde 1389 zum Sekretär in der mameluckischen Staatskanzlei in Kairo ernannt, wo er unter dem Geheimschreiber (‚ktib as-sirr‘) arbeitete; seine Schriften stammen aus den Bereichen Recht, Literatur (‚adab‘) und Kanzleiwesen (‚kitba‘) mitsamt den genealogisch-historischen Hilfswissenschaften.
Pulsating Electromagnetic Field in the Therapy of Headache (1988)

(1988). Pulsating Electromagnetic Field in the Therapy of Headache. Journal of Bioelectricity: Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 127-128.
CCR10 Is Important for the Development of Skin-Specific γδT Cells by Regulating Their Migration and Location (2010)

Unlike conventional αβ T cells, which preferentially reside in secondary lymphoid organs for adaptive immune responses, various subsets of unconventional T cells, such as the γδ T cells with innate properties, preferentially reside in epithelial tissues as the first line of defense. However, mechanisms underlying their tissue-specific development are not well understood. We report in this paper that among different thymic T cell subsets fetal thymic precursors of the prototypic skin intraepithelial Vγ3(+) T lymphocytes (sIELs) were selected to display a unique pattern of homing molecules, including a high level of CCR10 expression that was important for their development into sIELs. In fetal CCR10-knockout mice, the Vγ3(+) sIEL precursors developed normally in the thymus but were defective in migrating into the skin. Although the earlier defect in skin-seeding by sIEL precursors was partially compensated for by their normal expansion in the skin of adult CCR10-knockout mice, the Vγ3(+) sIELs displayed abnormal morphology and increasingly accumulated in the dermal region of the skin. These findings provide definite evidence that CCR10 is important in sIEL development by regulating the migration of sIEL precursors and their maintenance in proper regions of the skin and support the notion that unique homing properties of different thymic T cell subsets play an important role in their peripheral location.
How to Perform Permanent His Bundle Pacing: Tips and Tricks (2016)

Right ventricular pacing can cause ventricular dyssynchrony and result in reduced left ventricular systolic function and heart failure. Permanent His bundle pacing is a more physiologic form of pacing, but can be technically challenging. In this article, we describe our technique for permanent His bundle pacing including special considerations and limitations associated with His bundle pacing.
A pilot study of N-acetylcysteine as adjunctive therapy for severe malaria (2002)

Background: The case fatality rate of severe malaria remains unacceptably high. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a safe compound that inhibits tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and impedes cytoadherence, both of which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of malaria complications. Aim: To evaluate NAC as adjunctive therapy in severe malaria. Design: A placebo-controlled, double-blind prospective study, with serum lactate level as the principal objective measure of response. Methods: Thirty adult males with severe, quininetreated malaria received either 300 mg/kg of NAC or placebo, over 20 h. Results: Serum lactate levels normalized twice as quickly after NAC (median 21 h, 95%CI 12-36 h) as after placebo (median 42 h, 95%CI 30-84 h; p = 0.002, Mann-Whitney U test). Twenty-four hours after admission, 10/15 (67%) NAC-group patients but only 3/15 (20%) placebo-group patients had normal lactate concentrations (p = 0.01, Fisher exact test). NAC-treated patients could be switched from intravenous to oral therapy earlier than individuals who received placebo (42 h vs. 51 h after admission) but the difference was not significant (p = 0.28, Mann-Whitney U test). Discussion: NAC's mechanism of action in malaria is unclear, since it did not markedly alter plasma cytokine profiles. Trials of NAC adjunctive therapy for complicated malaria, with mortality as an endpoint, appear to be warranted.
Development of a 23S rRNA-based PCR assay for the identification of Pasteurella multocida (2001)

Veterinary diagnostic laboratories can use this PCR to rapidly and accurately diagnose fowl cholera and porcine pasteurellosis.
Management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: from diagnosis to treatment (2004)

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal tumours of the digestive tract. Most gastrointestinal soft tissue neoplasms, previously classified as leiomyomas, schwannomas, leiomyoblastomas or leiomyosarcomas, are today classified as GIST on the basis of molecular and immunohistological features. They originate from gastrointestinal pacemaker cells and are characterised by over-expression of the tyrosine kinase receptor KIT. Overall 5-year survival after surgical resection of GIST is approximately 60%. However, these tumours span a wide clinical spectrum from benign to highly malignant. Prognostic factors have recently been identified for GIST and include tumour size, mitotic rate and other minor factors. At present, surgery is the standard treatment for primary resectable GIST. Benign GIST have an excellent prognosis after primary surgical treatment, with over 90% 5-year survival. While recurrent or malignant GIST, which are resistant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, had until recently an extremely poor prognosis even after surgical resection, with median survival of 12 months. The development of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor has changed the management of unresectable malignant cases. This new tyrosine kinase inhibitor, imatinib mesylate, which inhibits the c-kit receptor, has proved highly effective against GIST and has improved survival in metastatic GIST. This paper reviews the literature and our experience of GIST, including: diagnosis, pathology, treatment and prognosis.
Molecular Mechanisms of Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation from Adipose-Derived Stem Cell (2022)

Smooth muscle cell can be differentiated from adipose-derived stem cell via various approaches: mechanical force, growth factor or cytokine stimulation as well as cell coculture. The smooth muscle cell derived from stem cell has been employed as a promising cell source to replace the damaged tissue in cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and bladder diseases. The goal of the review is to summarize recent knowledge of methodologies of smooth muscle cell differentiation from adipose-derived stem cell and possible molecular mechanism.
McDiarmid Drift Detection Methods for Evolving Data Streams (2018)

Increasingly, Internet of Things (IoT) domains, such as sensor networks, smart cities, and social networks, generate vast amounts of data. Such data are not only unbounded and rapidly evolving. Rather, the content thereof dynamically evolves over time, often in unforeseen ways. These variations are due to so-called concept drifts, caused by changes in the underlying data generation mechanisms. In a classification setting, concept drift causes the previously learned models to become inaccurate, unsafe and even unusable. Accordingly, concept drifts need to be detected, and handled, as soon as possible. In medical applications and emergency response settings, for example, change in behaviours should be detected in near real-time, to avoid potential loss of life. To this end, we introduce the McDiarmid Drift Detection Method (MDDM), which utilizes McDiarmid's inequality [1] in order to detect concept drift. The MDDM approach proceeds by sliding a window over prediction results, and associate window entries with weights. Higher weights are assigned to the most recent entries, in order to emphasize their importance. As instances are processed, the detection algorithm compares a weighted mean of elements inside the sliding window with the maximum weighted mean observed so far. A significant difference between the two weighted means, upper-bounded by the McDiarmid inequality, implies a concept drift. Our extensive experimentation against synthetic and real-world data streams show that our novel method outperforms the state-of-the-art. Specifically, MDDM yields shorter detection delays as well as lower false negative rates, while maintaining high classification accuracies.
Influence of growth temperature on properties of zirconium dioxide films grown by atomic layer deposition (2002)

ZrO 2 films were grown by atomic layer deposition from ZrCl4 and H2O or a mixture of H2O and H2O2 on Si(100) substrates in the temperature range of 180–600 °C. The films were evaluated in the as-deposited state, in order to follow the effect of deposition temperature on the film quality. The rate of crystal growth increased and the content of residual impurities decreased with increasing temperature. The zirconium-to-oxygen atomic ratio, determined by ion-beam analysis, corresponded to the stoichiometric dioxide regardless of the growth temperature. The effective permittivity of ZrO2 in Al/ZrO2/Si capacitor structures increased from 13–15 in the films grown at 180 °C to 19 in the films grown at 300–600 °C, measured at 100 kHz. The permittivity was relatively high in the crystallized films, compared to the amorphous ones, but rather insensitive to the crystal structure. The permittivity was higher in the films grown using water. The leakage current density tended to be lower and the breakdown field higher in the films grown using hydrogen peroxide.
Preservation of Methane Hydrate at 1 Atm (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTPreservation of Methane Hydrate at 1 AtmL. A. Stern, S. Circone, S. H. Kirby, and W. B. DurhamView Author Information U.S. Geological Survey, 345 Middlefield Road, MS/977, Menlo Park, California 94025, and U. C. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550 Cite this: Energy Fuels 2001, 15, 2, 499–501Publication Date (Web):February 27, 2001Publication History Received4 December 2000Published online27 February 2001Published inissue 1 March 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef000277khttps://doi.org/10.1021/ef000277krapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views280Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Dissociation,Hydrocarbons,Materials,Solvates,Stability Get e-Alerts
Obtaining Reliable Feedback for Sanctioning Reputation Mechanisms (2007)

Reputation mechanisms offer an effective alternative to verification authorities for building trust in electronic markets with moral hazard. Future clients guide their business decisions by considering the feedback from past transactions; if truthfully exposed, cheating behavior is sanctioned and thus becomes irrational. It therefore becomes important to ensure that rational clients have the right incentives to report honestly. As an alternative to side-payment schemes that explicitly reward truthful reports, we show that honesty can emerge as a rational behavior when clients have a repeated presence in the market. To this end we describe a mechanism that supports an equilibrium where truthful feedback is obtained. Then we characterize the set of pareto-optimal equilibria of the mechanism, and derive an upper bound on the percentage of false reports that can be recorded by the mechanism. An important role in the existence of this bound is played by the fact that rational clients can establish a reputation for reporting honestly.
High-efficiency single-photon generation via large-scale active time multiplexing (2019)

Deterministic generation of single- and multiphoton states is a key requirement for large-scale optical quantum information and communication applications. While heralded single-photon sources (HSPSs) using nonlinear optical processes have enabled proof-of-principle demonstrations in this area of research, they are not scalable as their probabilistic nature severely limits their generation efficiency. We overcome this limitation by demonstrating a substantial improvement in HSPS efficiency via large-scale time multiplexing. Using an ultra-low loss, adjustable optical delay to multiplex 40 conventional HSPS photon generation processes into each operation cycle, we have observed a factor of 9.7(5) enhancement in efficiency, yielding a 66.7(24)% probability of collecting a single photon with high indistinguishability (90%) into a single-mode fiber per cycle. We also experimentally investigate the trade-off between a high single-photon probability and unwanted multiphoton emission. Upgrading our time-multiplexed source with state-of-the-art HSPS and single-photon detector technologies will enable the generation of >30 coincident photons with unprecedented efficiency.
License Plate Detection Based on Convolutional Neural Network and Visual Feature (2018)

In this paper, in order to solve the problem of license plate detection in license plate recognition, we propose a detection algorithm based on convolutional neural network and visual feature. First, we generate a certain number of candidate bounding box by means of artificial feature extraction. Then, the bounding box generated is used as input to the cascaded convolutional neural network for further verification and regression. After a series of experiments, our method has achieved good results both on accuracy and speed.
Berberine Inhibits Human Melanoma A375.S2 Cell Migration and Invasion via Affecting the FAK, uPA, and NF-κB Signaling Pathways and Inhibits PLX4032 Resistant A375.S2 Cell Migration In Vitro (2018)

Many studies have demonstrated that berberine inhibited the cell migration and invasion in human cancer cell lines. However, the exact molecular mechanism of berberine inhibiting the cell migration and invasion of human melanoma A375.S2 and A375.S2/PLX (PLX4032 induced resistant A375.S2) skin cancer cells remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the anti-metastasis mechanisms of berberine in human melanoma cancer A375.S2 cells and A375.S2/PLX resistant cells in vitro. Berberine at low concentrations (0, 1, 1.5 and 2 μM) induced cell morphological changes and reduced the viable cell number and inhibited the mobility, migration, and invasion of A375.S2 cells that were assayed by wound healing and transwell filter. The gelatin zymography assay showed that berberine slightly inhibited MMP-9 activity in A375.S2 cells. Results from western blotting indicated that berberine inhibited the expression of MMP-1, MMP-13, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, RhoA, ROCK1, SOS-1, GRB2, Ras, p-ERK1/2, p-c-Jun, p-FAK, p-AKT, NF-κB, and uPA after 24 h of treatment, but increased the PKC and PI3K in A375.S2 cells. PLX4032 is an inhibitor of the BRAFV600E mutation and used for the treatment of cancer cells harboring activated BRAF mutations. Berberine decrease cell number and inhibited the cell mobility in the resistant A375.S2 (A375.S2/PLX, PLX4032 generated resistant A375.S2 cells). Based on these observations, we suggest that the potential of berberine as an anti-metastatic agent in melanoma that deserves to be investigated in more detail, including in vivo studies in future.
Equilibria in the B(C6F5)3–H2O system: synthesis and crystal structures of H2O·B(C6F5)3 and the anions [HOB(C6F5)3]− and [(F5C6)3B(μ-OH)B(C6F5)3]− (1998)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
Principales diferencias entre las NIIF y las US GAAP (2006)

En este articulo se presentan las principales diferencias entre las Normas Internacionales de Informacion Financiera (NIIF), emitidas por el International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), y las normas contables estadounidenses (US GAAP), emitidas por el Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB).
TAPBPR alters MHC class I peptide presentation by functioning as a peptide exchange catalyst (2015)

Our understanding of the antigen presentation pathway has recently been enhanced with the identification that the tapasin-related protein TAPBPR is a second major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-specific chaperone. We sought to determine whether, like tapasin, TAPBPR can also influence MHC class I peptide selection by functioning as a peptide exchange catalyst. We show that TAPBPR can catalyse the dissociation of peptides from peptide-MHC I complexes, enhance the loading of peptide-receptive MHC I molecules, and discriminate between peptides based on affinity in vitro. In cells, the depletion of TAPBPR increased the diversity of peptides presented on MHC I molecules, suggesting that TAPBPR is involved in restricting peptide presentation. Our results suggest TAPBPR binds to MHC I in a peptide-receptive state and, like tapasin, works to enhance peptide optimisation. It is now clear there are two MHC class I specific peptide editors, tapasin and TAPBPR, intimately involved in controlling peptide presentation to the immune system.
Post-Mortem on Europe’s First War of the 21st Century (2008)

he small war between Georgia and Russia from 8 to 22 August 2008 has shattered any remaining illusions over the frontiers of the normative map of Europe. All the primary parties have to be criticised: Russia for setting a trap for Saakashvili to fall into, the Georgian leadership for its astounding military and political blunder in falling into it, and the United States for having failed to restrain its protege. The first consequence is that Georgia has paid the price of Saakashvili's folly, with the definitive loss of Abkhazia and South Ossetia. The second consequence is triggered by Russia's continued occupation of strategic points in Georgia-proper, which means not peacekeeping but threatened strangulation of the Georgian economy and its role in the transit of oil and gas from the Caspian to the West. It also means that business as usual has become impossible, as already announced between NATO and Russia, and with more important decisions pending in both the EU and US. The third consequence is that the EU should immediately step up its policies to integrate Ukraine, with real perspectives of membership subject to the standard criteria. The fourth unknown consequence is how far this deteriorating process between Russia and the West will go. Russia may pretend, with its petro-power and wealth, to be immune from any actions by the West, but beyond the short-term it is vulnerable. Whatever these unknowns, already Russia has crossed a red line with its strategic occupation of Georgia-proper, rather than the option just to push Georgia out of South Ossetia. This latter option would have met with widespread understanding internationally. But with its chosen option Russia has placed itself in another category, which is a throwback to earlier times, and totally incompatible with the political and moral principles of modern Europe.