gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Empirical tight binding description of Hg1−<i>x</i>Mn<i>x</i>Te and Hg1−<i>x</i>Cd<i>x</i>Te (1983)

This paper presents the first theoretical treatment of the electronic structure of Hg1−xMnxTe. As in the authors’ previous work on Hg1−xCdxTe, a semiempirical tight binding approach is employed, based in part on atomic energy levels, Harrison’s universal tight binding scheme, and existing experimental band structure information. The occupied Mn spin-polarized d bands are discussed and shown to have little effect on the states near the band edges. The s–p electron ‘‘complex band structure’’ of Hg1−xMnxTe is calculated in the CPA. Previous results for Hg1−xCdxTe are extended and used as a basis of comparison. The more rapid increase of the band gap with x in Hg1−xMnxTe is shown to result from the larger energy difference between cation s levels. This difference also gives rise to more pronounced disorder effects in Hg1−xMnxTe. These are discussed in the context of the CPA results for damping, band gap bowing, and the limiting electron mobilities.
On the identity of the type species of the genus Telema (Araneae, Telemidae) (2012)

Telema tenella Simon, 1882, the type species of genus Telema, is the only species of family Telemidae reported from Europe and all other 39 congeners occur far from it.However, it has never been properly described. In this paper Telema tenella is redescribed and illustrated.
Effects of Implantation Site of Stem Cell Grafts on Behavioral Recovery From Stroke Damage (2002)

After stroke, both the intact and lesioned hemispheres attract grafted stem cells, suggesting repair processes that utilize cells both for local repair and to augment plastic changes in contralateral motor pathways. However, differential effects of parenchymal and intraventricular grafts suggest that different mechanisms are implicated in recovery from cognitive and sensorimotor deficits induced by stroke.
New directions in Parkinson’s research and treatment (1998)

L-DOPA remains the mainstay of therapy for Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the side-effects associated with its chronic use have fuelled the search for novel strategies as an alternative to simply supplementing dopamine deficiency. In reviewing the advances made over the last five years, focus has been given to dopamine agonists, as well as to new MAO inhibitors that appear more effective than the currently used compound, selegiline. A number of new molecules acting at sites of the neuronal circuit distal from lesioned dopaminergic neurones have also been considered, including NMDA antagonists, adenosine antagonists and anticholinergic agents, this latter group representing the pioneering approach to PD treatment. In addition, new concepts of ‘neuroprotection’ have led to the exploitation of various agents, especially anti-oxidants, directed toward slowing or halting disease progression. An entirely new perspective has been provided by methods that apply the techniques of molecular biology to PD therapy and allow modified dopaminergic neurones capable of synthesising specific neurotrophic factors to be obtained by transfection. Parkinson’s research has now progressed extensively, and further understanding of the aetiology of neuronal degeneration will disclose the key to the development of an effective therapy.
New design concept of monopole antenna array for UHF 7T MRI (2013)

The monopole antenna array is a promising candidate for MRI applications, especially for brain imaging in a 7T MRI because it provides increased sensitivity at the center of the brain.
Ellipse fitting for interferometry Part 1: static methods (2014)

We compare a number of different methods for fitting an ellipse to a static set of measured data points, specifically considering their suitability for interferometric application. We suggest an improved distance approximation for least-square geometric fitting and alternative normalizations for linear algebraic fitting. Of the methods considered, an algebraic fit using a data-dependent normalization has both the least bias in phase and amplitude estimation and the greatest robustness against uneven distribution of data.
On the Night of the Fireworks (2008)

The author relates an evening out in Tokyo on the night of the fireworks in August. The sounds, sights and scents of the hot summer night on the riverbank are described. The author had been in Japan teaching English to young children before going back to Australia.
Photo-realistic Terrain Modeling and Visualization for Mars Exploration Rover Science Operations (2006)

Modern NASA planetary exploration missions employ complex systems of hardware and software managed by large teams of engineers and scientists in order to study remote environments. The most complex and successful of these recent projects is the Mars Exploration Rover mission. The Computational Sciences Division at NASA Ames Research Center delivered a 3D visualization program, Viz, to the MER mission that provides an immersive, interactive environment for science analysis of the remote planetary surface. In addition, Ames provided the Athena Science Team with high-quality terrain reconstructions generated with the Ames Stereo-pipeline. The on-site support team for these software systems responded to unanticipated opportunities to generate 3D terrain models during the primary MER mission. This paper describes Viz, the Stereo-pipeline, and the experiences of the on-site team supporting the scientists at JPL during the primary MER mission.
Divalent tin and lead complexes of a bulky salen ligand: the syntheses and structures of [SalenBut,Me]Sn and [SalenBut,Me]Pb (1999)

The divalent tin and lead complexes, [SalenBut,Me]Sn and [SalenBut,Me]Pb, have been synthesized by the reactions of [(Me3Si)2N]2M (M = Sn, Pb) with the substituted Salen compound, [SalenBut,Me]H2. [SalenBut,Me]Sn and [SalenBut,Me]Pb have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, which demonstrates that the complexes are structurally similar, with the metal atom located above the [N2O2] plane. Despite their similar structures, however, 1H NMR spectroscopy demonstrates that the barrier for the formal transfer of the metal from one face of the ligand to the other is significantly greater for the tin derivative.
Adipokines and Insulin Resistance (2008)

Obesity is associated with an array of health problems in adult and pediatric populations. Understanding the pathogenesis of obesity and its metabolic sequelae has advanced rapidly over the past decades. Adipose tissue represents an active endocrine organ that, in addition to regulating fat mass and nutrient homeostasis, releases a large number of bioactive mediators (adipokines) that signal to organs of metabolic importance including brain, liver, skeletal muscle, and the immune system--thereby modulating hemostasis, blood pressure, lipid and glucose metabolism, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. In the present review, we summarize current data on the effect of the adipose tissue-derived hormones adiponectin, chemerin, leptin, omentin, resistin, retinol binding protein 4, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6, vaspin, and visfatin on insulin resistance.
Notes on the characterization of prokaryote strains for taxonomic purposes (2009)

Taxonomy relies on three key elements: characterization, classification and nomenclature. All three elements are dynamic fields, but each step depends on the one which precedes it. Thus, the nomenclature of a group of organisms depends on the way they are classified, and the classification (among other elements) depends on the information gathered as a result of characterization. While nomenclature is governed by the Bacteriological Code, the classification and characterization of prokaryotes is an area that is not formally regulated and one in which numerous changes have taken place in the last 50 years. The purpose of the present article is to outline the key elements in the way that prokaryotes are characterized, with a view to providing an overview of some of the pitfalls commonly encountered in taxonomic papers.
How do we know research and development projects in vocational education and training are cost‐effective? (1991)

This article reviews a recent U.K. study which sought to identify the steps that have to be taken to improve the efficacy of research and development (R&D) projects in Vocational Education and Training (VET). The review is facilitated by making reference to the approach and findings of a parallel study in Switzerland. The review seeks to highlight the importance of more rigorously establishing what really happens to the results of R&D projects after they are completed. In particular, it seeks to identify what is necessary to ensure that each R&D project has a positive impact on practice. It does this in order to ensure that the now substantial investment in R&D for VET is cost effective. On the basis of the review the article proposes an agenda for an effective and coordinated approach to action and research in the area.
<i>PRAME</i>, a gene encoding an antigen recognized on a human melanoma by cytolytic T cells, is expressed in acute leukaemia cells (1998)

Gene PRAME was found to encode an antigen recognized on a human melanoma cell line by an autologous cytolytic T-lymphocyte clone. This gene is expressed at a high level in a very large fraction of tumours, such as melanomas, non-small-cell lung carcinomas, sarcomas, head and neck tumours and renal carcinomas. It is therefore a candidate for tumour immunotherapy even though some low expression is found in certain normal tissues. We tested by RT-PCR the expression of PRAME on more than 250 bone marrow or blood samples from patients with a haematological malignancy. Approximately 25% of the acute leukaemia samples were positive. Remarkably, all acute myeloblastic leukaemias that carried the chromosomal translocation t(8;21), which fuses the genes AML1 and ETO, expressed PRAME at a high level.
Repression of apoC‐III gene expression by TNFα involves C/EBPδ/NF‐IL6β via an IL‐1 independent pathway (1997)

Apolipoproteins A-II and C-III, which participate in the control of cholesterolemia and triglyceridemia, are negative acute phase proteins. Treatment of HepG2 cells with TNFalpha showed that apoA-II and apoC-III mRNA levels were decreased. Using transient transfection, we found that apoC-III gene expression is controlled at the transcriptional level. By competition and supershift experiments, we demonstrate that TNFalpha-induced complexes were related to C/EBPdelta/NF-IL6beta and p50 and that overexpression of C/EBPdelta was able to reproduce the inhibitory effect of TNFalpha on the apoC-III promoter. RT-PCR failed to detect the IL-1 transcript in TNFalpha-treated HepG2 cells, suggesting that activation of C/EBPdelta by TNFalpha is not related to the IL-1-signalling pathway.
Genetic and biologic characterization of a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolate attenuated by cell culture passage (2000)

The genome of a cell culture-attenuated strain was analyzed and compared it to its highly virulent parent strain, VR-2385. The overall genome sequence difTered by less than 1%, despite a significant change in virulence between the two strains. The vast majority of the nucleotide changes resulted in amino acid changes, with a 3:1 ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous changes in the structural genes. Many of the amino acid changes in VR- 2385 p85 resulted in the high passage virus acquiring an amino acid that is the same as the other U. S. PRRSV isolates at that position. The sequence of VR-2385 p7 has many amino acid positions that are unique to that isolate, which may contribute to the high virulence of this isolate relative to other PRRSV isolates and should be considered as potential virulence determinants. Introduction Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) was first recognized in the United States in 1987 and has since been reported throughout much of Western Europe and Asia [Hill, 1990 #5; Kefifaber, 1989 #10; Done, 1996 #24]. The disease syndrome caused
Probabilistic author-topic models for information discovery (2004)

We propose a new unsupervised learning technique for extracting information from large text collections. We model documents as if they were generated by a two-stage stochastic process. Each author is represented by a probability distribution over topics, and each topic is represented as a probability distribution over words for that topic. The words in a multi-author paper are assumed to be the result of a mixture of each authors' topic mixture. The topic-word and author-topic distributions are learned from data in an unsupervised manner using a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm. We apply the methodology to a large corpus of 160,000 abstracts and 85,000 authors from the well-known CiteSeer digital library, and learn a model with 300 topics. We discuss in detail the interpretation of the results discovered by the system including specific topic and author models, ranking of authors by topic and topics by author, significant trends in the computer science literature between 1990 and 2002, parsing of abstracts by topics and authors and detection of unusual papers by specific authors. An online query interface to the model is also discussed that allows interactive exploration of author-topic models for corpora such as CiteSeer.
Nucleophilic substitution vs. acid–base reactions of [Mn{N(SiMe3)2}2]·2thf; syntheses and structures of 2[Li(thf )4]+[Mn(C12H 8N)4]2−·C6 H5Me and [Mn(C12H8N)2]·3thf (thf = tetrahydrofuran, C12H8N = carbazol-9-yl) (1997)

The ion-separated complex 2[Li(thf) 4 ] + [Mn(C 12 H 8 N) 4 ] 2- 1 has been obtained from the nucleophilic substitution reaction of [Mn{N(SiMe 3 ) 2 } 2 ]·2thf with Li[C 12 H 8 N] (1∶4 equivalents) (thf = tetrahydrofuran, C 12 H 8 N = carbazol-9-yl), and the molecular species [Mn(C 12 H 8 N) 2 ]·3thf 2 from the acid–base reaction of [Mn{N(SiMe 3 ) 2 } 2 ]·2thf and C 12 H 8 NH (1∶2 equivalents). They are among the few amidomanganese(II) complexes containing simple (sterically undemanding) dialkyl- or diaryl-amido groups to be characterised. The crystal structures of both were determined: 1 contains the first tetraamidomanganese(II) dianion and 2 possesses the highest co-ordination number for Mn II in such a compound.
First-Harmonic Injection-Locked Ring Oscillators (2006)

This paper presents an analysis of first-harmonic injection locking in CMOS ring oscillators. In this analysis, Adler's equation is proved by using a new analytical approach based on the propagation delay of an inverter stage. Also the behavior of the injection-locked ring oscillators from phase noise point of view is discussed and a closed-form equation for the phase noise of such oscillators is derived. According to the measurement results on a DLL-based frequency multiplier implemented in 0.13-mum CMOS process, good agreement between theoretical prediction and measurements is observed
"How Old Do You Think I Am?" A Study of Language and Age in Twitter (2021)

In this paper we focus on the connection between age and language use, exploring age prediction of Twitter users based on their tweets. We discuss the construction of a fine-grained annotation effort to assign ages and life stages to Twitter users. Using this dataset, we explore age prediction in three different ways: classifying users into age categories, by life stages, and predicting their exact age. We find that an automatic system achieves better performance than humans on these tasks and that both humans and the automatic systems have difficulties predicting the age of older people. Moreover, we present a detailed analysis of variables that change with age. We find strong patterns of change, and that most changes occur at young ages.
In situ stress field prediction based on seismic data in the Sijiazhuang mining area (2022)

Abstract Accurately predicting the 3D in situ stress field is critical in coal mining. We have proposed a workflow that is based on 3D seismic attributes to predict the in situ stress field of a coal mine located in Sijiazhuang, Shanxi, China. First, we interpreted the faults and folds within our study area. Then, we determine the directions and types of in situ stress by analyzing the interpreted faults and folds. Under the assumption that the process of strata deformation can be simulated by a thin-plate theory, we deduce the equations to compute in situ stress as a function of seismic curvature attribute and elastic parameters inverted from seismic data. We also proposed a stability factor that is based on the computed stress field. The results find that the in situ stress field within our study area is dominated by the compression stress along the northwest–southeast direction. Based on the proposed stability coefficient, we further predicted the zones that have abnormal rock mass stability.
Stereospecific reductive methylation via a radical cyclization desilylation process (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereospecific reductive methylation via a radical cyclization desilylation processGilbert. Stork and Michael J. SofiaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 21, 6826–6828Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1986https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00281a073RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views773Altmetric-Citations82LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (349 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
MCDNN: An Execution Framework for Deep Neural Networks on Resource-Constrained Devices (2015)

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have become the computational tool of choice for many applications relevant to mobile devices. However, given their high memory and computational demands, running them on mobile devices has required expert optimization or custom hardware. We present a framework that, given an arbitrary DNN, compiles it down to a resource-efficient variant at modest loss in accuracy. Further, we introduce novel techniques to specialize DNNs to contexts and to share resources across multiple simultaneously executing DNNs. Using the challenging continuous mobile vision domain as a case study, we show that our techniques yield very significant reductions in DNN resource usage and perform effectively over a broad range of operating conditions.
Optical pressure and temperature sensors for aerospace applications (1998)

This paper gives a brief overview of requirements within the aerospace market sector for which optical sensors are of potential benefit, and goes on to describe sensors currently under development at Lucas Electrical and Electronic Systems which are primarily intended to meet some of these requirements. These sensors, based on the combination of silicon micromachining and optical sensing technologies, are sufficiently robust to provide the capability of directly measuring on‐engine parameters such as pressure and temperature. In association with FADEC‐mounted interface units, to which the sensor heads are coupled via optical fibre links, the sensors have the potential to provide measurement data for a number of aero‐engine control requirements.
Repetitive High-Voltage Solid-State Marx Modulator Design for Various Load Conditions (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> The analysis of a solid-state Marx modulator <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$(\hbox{S}^{2}\hbox{M}^{2})$ </tex></formula> topology, which have been developed for repetitive high-voltage (in kilovolts) applications, needing positive or negative rectangular pulses, is presented. The proposed topology benefits from the intensive use of semiconductors, allowing kilohertz operation with different load conditions. In addition to resistive loads, capacitive loads can be discharged to ground after each pulse and inductive loads can be clamped and the energy recovered to the main capacitors. Furthermore, the presented topology and proposed switching sequence enables the use of typical half-bridge semiconductor structures currently integrated in modular packages, which is advantageous for circuit assembling and triggering the semiconductors. Discussion on the advantages and limitation will be given. Finally, experimental results of some modulator features will be presented. </para>
Latent Tuberculosis Infection (2004)

Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a clinical condition characterized by a positive tuberculin skin test in the absence of clinical or radiological signs of active tuberculosis disease. It has been estimated that one third of the world's population is latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and serves as an enormous reservoir for future cases of active tuberculosis. The detection and treatment of individuals with LTBI and a high risk of progression to active tuberculosis are effective means to control the spread of tuberculosis. Furthermore, a better understanding of the host-pathogen interactions that result in latent infection could provide important insights for future drug or vaccine development. This chapter reviews recent developments in the molecular genetics, natural history, diagnosis, and treatment of LTBI within its historical context, including the impact of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Current treatment recommendations are also summarized.
Rare Variants of <i>IFIH1</i> , a Gene Implicated in Antiviral Responses, Protect Against Type 1 Diabetes (2009)

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) are regularly used to map genomic regions contributing to common human diseases, but they often do not identify the precise causative genes and sequence variants. To identify causative type 1 diabetes (T1D) variants, we resequenced exons and splice sites of 10 candidate genes in pools of DNA from 480 patients and 480 controls and tested their disease association in over 30,000 participants. We discovered four rare variants that lowered T1D risk independently of each other (odds ratio = 0.51 to 0.74; P = 1.3 x 10(-3) to 2.1 x 10(-16)) in IFIH1 (interferon induced with helicase C domain 1), a gene located in a region previously associated with T1D by GWASs. These variants are predicted to alter the expression and structure of IFIH1 [MDA5 (melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5)], a cytoplasmic helicase that mediates induction of interferon response to viral RNA. This finding firmly establishes the role of IFIH1 in T1D and demonstrates that resequencing studies can pinpoint disease-causing genes in genomic regions initially identified by GWASs.