gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prepectoral Breast Reconstruction with Fenestrated Acellular Dermal Matrix: A Novel Design (2018)

Fenestrated acellular dermal matrix (ADM) has improved patient outcomes in both direct-to-implant and 2-stage tissue expander/implant breast reconstruction. This technical alteration utilizes optimal fenestration overlap to enhance the breast reconstruction experience. We present a novel, surgeon-designed shaped fenestrated ADM, placed in the recently repopularized prepectoral pocket for anterior coverage of implants in direct-to-implant and 2-stage breast reconstruction. A retrospective review of 10 patients (18 breasts) who underwent direct-to-implant or 2-stage breast reconstruction utilizing fenestrated shaped ADM in the prepectoral plane at a major academic institution in 2016 was conducted. Sixteen breasts (88.9%) underwent direct-to-implant reconstruction, and 2 breasts (11.1%) received tissue expanders. All reconstructions were performed using FlexHD Pliable ADM with surgeon-designed shape and fenestrations. The average implant size was 544.4 cc (±137.2 cc). The average intraoperative tissue expander fill volume measured 450 cc (90% of tissue expander size). The single expander case utilized 1 office fill (day 21) for full expansion. Major complications requiring reoperation within 90 days postoperatively were observed in 22.2% (4 breasts) of reconstructions. Three breasts (16.7%) due to partial mastectomy flap necrosis, 1 breast (5.5%) explantation due to infection. There was no seroma or capsular contracture. Prepectoral reconstruction with shaped fenestrated ADM is safe with high intraoperative fill volumes and facilitates more direct-to-implant reconstructions. Patients undergo fewer postoperative expansions, experience less time to full expansion, and subjectively report less pain. Patients benefit from improved cosmetic outcomes with better shape and no functional loss or animation deformity.
AdOn (2009)

This paper presents a new video advertising system, called AdOn, which supports intelligent overlay video ads. Unlike most current ad-networks such as Youtube that overlay the ads at fixed positions in the videos (e.g., on the bottom fifth of videos 15 seconds in), AdOn is able to automatically detect a set of spatio-temporal nonintrusive positions and associate the contextually relevant ads with these positions. The overlay positions are obtained on the basis of video structuring, face and text detection, as well as visual saliency analysis, so that the intrusiveness to the users can be minimized. The ads are selected according to content-based multimodal relevance so that advertising relevance can be maximized. AdOn represents one of the first attempts towards intelligent overlay video advertising by leveraging video content analysis techniques.
Active stall control with practicable stall prediction system using auto-correlation coefficient (2001)

Here we report that a practical prediction system of impending compressor stall was established, which can be incorporated into a real time control system. The system uses a static pressure sensor located on the compressor casing to detect stall precursor. The leading edge of the rotor blades was selected as the axial location of the sensor after analyzing the test data of the blade passage flow implying the tip vortex interaction on the leading edge at stall point. The impending stall detection algorithm has been developed, which computes the auto-correlation coefficients of the past and present static pressure profiles and declares an impending stall if the auto-correlation coefficient decreases below a pre-set threshold. Post experiment analysis proved the effectiveness of the algorithm. The auto-correlation coefficients remained nearly 1.0 at stable operation conditions but showed an abrupt decreasing only when the flow coefficient became next to stall. The algorithm consistently detect the stall inception about 100 rotor revolutions prior to the fully developed stall, which is promising and encouraging for practical active stall control. The effectiveness of the developed auto-correlation algorithm was proved by the successful closed loop demonstration with the dynamically inserted plate in front of the compressor.
Localized wavelet based computerized tomography (1995)

We develop an algorithm to reconstruct the wavelet coefficients of an image from the Radon transform data. The proposed method uses the properties of wavelets to localize the Radon transform and can be used to reconstruct a local region of the cross section of a body, using almost completely local data which significantly reduces the amount of exposure and computations in X-ray tomography. For example, for a local region of radius 20 pixels in a 256/spl times/256 image the proposed method can reduce the exposure to 12.5% of the conventional filtered backprojection method. Compared to the existing schemes, which can only reduce to 40%.
Removal of sulfur compounds from diesel using ArF laser and oxygen (2013)

A laser-based technique for deep desulfurization of diesel and other hydrocarbon fuels by removal of dimethyldibenzothiophene (DMDBT), a persistent sulfur contaminant in fuel oils has been developed. We report a selective laser excitation of DMDBT in diesel and model compounds such as n-hexane in a reaction chamber under oxygen environment where oxidative reactions can take place. ArF laser emitting at 193 nm was employed for excitation of oxygen and DMDBT, while for process optimization, the laser energy was varied from 50 to 200 mJ/cm(2). The laser-irradiated DMDBT solution under continuous oxygen flow was analyzed by UV absorption spectrometer to determine the photochemical oxidative degradation of DMDBT. In just 5 min of laser irradiation time, almost 95% DMDBT was depleted in a diesel containing 200 ppm of DMDBT. This article provides a new method for the removal of sulfur compounds from diesel by laser based photochemical process.
Digital image indexing and retrieval by content using the fractal transform for multimedia databases (2002)

Digital image database represent huge amount of data, automatic indexing and content base retrieval are crucial factors. Content base retrieval requests specific indexing techniques allowing to deal with efficient data representations (reduced amount of data and adapted to content base retrieval) in order to avoid prohibitive low level process time on queries. We present a method consisting in building an "iconic" level image representation presenting the semantic, allowing to process content base retrieval and to reconstruct the image. This representation consists in a set of function parameters. It is a semantic presenting compression built by using a dedicated fractal compress scheme. To search patterns in a huge set of images, a specific algorithm allows to use this "iconic" representation as an index. It works entirely in the fractal transform parameter space of both image and pattern, to obtain performances compatible with an interactive search. The research engine uses both textures and edges of the pattern. The pattern can be present in the image with different orientations and/or scales by using a multiresolution fractal representation of the pattern. This method allows to retrieve in 3 seconds a 64/spl times/64 pixels pattern in an 100 images (512/spl times/512 pixels) database, on a SUN Spare 20 workstation. It can be combined with other indexing and retrieval techniques, such as textual annotation.
The Isolation of Volatile Organic Compounds as Noninvasive Early Markers of Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity in Swine (2015)

Purpose Pulmonary oxygen toxicity (PO 2 T) is a concern for any patient or warfighter exposed to oxygen enriched atmospheres for an extended amount of time. While current practice is to limit increased oxygen exposure; there are clinical and operational scenarios where higher oxygen levels must be used and PO 2 T becomes a concern. The purpose of the current study is to develop a non‐invasive breath exhalate based biomarker which can detect PO 2 T prior to clinical manifestations of the disease. Methods Male Yorkshire swine (20‐30 kg) were placed into custom plexi‐glass runs and randomized to air (n=10) or 100% oxygen (n=10) for 72 hours. Breath exhalate samples, arterial blood gas samples, and vital signs were assessed every 12 hours. At the end of the 72 hour exposure animals were euthanized and the lungs were processed for histological injury and wet/dry ratios. Results Swine exposed to the oxygen enriched atmosphere developed a variable pulmonary injury consistent with PO 2 T. Histologically there was evidence of pulmonary lymphatic congestion, epithelial sloughing, and neutrophil transmigration. This evidence was supported by a trend of increased mean wet/dry ratio from 5.23g in the air group to 6.46g in the oxygen group (students t test, p=0.08). Also, the PaO2/FiO2 ratio trended to a decreased mean of 447 mm Hg in the air group to 377 mm Hg in the oxygen group (students t test, p=0.08). Breath exhalate sample analysis identified six Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) that were predictive of PO 2 T.
A Novel Approach against Salmonella: A Review of Polymeric Nanoparticle Vaccines for Broilers and Layers (2021)

This work discusses the present-day limitations of current commercial <i>Salmonella</i> vaccines for broilers and layers and explores a novel approach towards poultry vaccination using biodegradable nanoparticle vaccines against <i>Salmonella</i>. With the increasing global population and poultry production and consumption, <i>Salmonella</i> is a potential health risk for humans. The oral administration of killed or inactivated vaccines would provide a better alternative to the currently commercially available <i>Salmonella</i> vaccines for poultry. However, there are currently no commercial oral killed-vaccines against <i>Salmonella</i> for use in broilers or layers. There is a need for novel and effective interventions in the poultry industry. Polymeric nanoparticles could give way to an effective mass-administered mucosal vaccination method for <i>Salmonella.</i> The scope of this work is limited to polymeric nanoparticles against <i>Salmonella</i> for use in broilers and layers. This review is based on the information available at the time of the investigation.
Laser wakefield acceleration with mid-IR laser pulses (2018)

We report on, to the best of our knowledge, the first results of laser plasma wakefield acceleration driven by ultrashort mid-infrared (IR) laser pulses (λ=3.9 μm, 100 fs, 0.25 TW), which enable near- and above-critical density interactions with moderate-density gas jets. Relativistic electron acceleration up to ∼12 MeV occurs when the jet width exceeds the threshold scale length for relativistic self-focusing. We present scaling trends in the accelerated beam profiles, charge, and spectra, which are supported by particle-in-cell simulations and time-resolved images of the interaction. For similarly scaled conditions, we observe significant increases in the accelerated charge, compared to previous experiments with near-infrared (λ=800 nm) pulses.
Sensorless Nonlinear Stroke Controller for an Implantable, Undulating Membrane Blood Pump (2019)

This paper describes an original methodology to operate a new nonlinear vibrating membrane pump, actuated by a moving magnet actuator without the use of a motion sensor, in the scope of cardiac assistance. A nonlinear mathematical model of the system is established and used to parametrize a nonlinear position observer that uses the coils current as an input and which output is a feedback to a stroke controller. Actuator's parameters are identified by a recursive least square algorithm and direct measurements. Finally, a numerical experiment illustrates the implementation of the algorithm and its possible applications.
(<i>R</i>)‐Selective Nitroaldol Reaction Catalyzed by Metal‐Dependent Bacterial Hydroxynitrile Lyases (2016)

Abstract The nitroaldol (Henry) reaction is a valuable C−C bond‐forming reaction resulting in β‐nitro alcohols, which are important building blocks for the synthesis of bioactive compounds. Metal‐dependent bacterial hydroxynitrile lyases with a cupin fold couple nitromethane or nitroethane and various aldehydes to yield ( R )‐β‐nitro alcohols with up to 90 % conversion and up to ≥99 % enantiomeric excess.
Optical self-routing in a self-clocked photonic switch using pulse-interval encoding (1988)

Self-routing of 100 Mbit/s data through a photonic switch is demonstrated. Individual bits are sub-encoded with a destination address using a pulse-interval technique at 12.5 GBaud. Self-clocked optical processing is used at the switch to read addresses. >
Signal Normalization Reduces Systematic Measurement Differences Between Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Devices (2013)

The signal normalization method successfully reduces the systematic difference in RNFL thickness measurements between two SD-OCT devices. Enabling direct comparison of RNFL thickness obtained from multiple devices would broaden the use of OCT technology in both clinical and research applications.
Abstract 5628: Trilaciclib (G1T28), a CDK4/6 inhibitor, enhances the efficacy of combination chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in preclinical models (2017)

Abstract While immune checkpoint inhibitors are efficacious and lead to durable responses in patients with various cancers, only a minority of patients respond. An approach to increase the response rate of immune checkpoint inhibitors is to combine them with chemotherapy in order to enhance immunogenic cell death and “prime” the immune system. However, chemotherapy itself can cause damage to various cell types of the immune system, potentially diminishing the activity of the chemotherapy/checkpoint inhibitor combination. Therefore, a targeted approach to preserve immune system function during chemotherapy would allow optimal activity of the checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Trilaciclib (G1T28), a potent and selective IV CDK4/6 inhibitor, preserves hematopoietic stem cells and enhances immune system function during chemotherapy. We and others have previously shown T lymphocytes are extremely sensitive to CDK4/6 inhibition causing a transient arrest of proliferation and protection from damage by chemotherapy. Post treatment with trilaciclib and chemotherapy, T lymphocytes are released from the transient arrest in the presence of chemotherapy-induced immunogenic cell death allowing better priming of an anti-tumor immune response. To evaluate the effect of trilaciclib combination treatments, MC38 tumor bearing mice were treated with trilaciclib, oxaliplatin, or anti-PD-L1 alone or in combination, and tumor size was measured during and post treatment for 100 days. Our results demonstrate that the addition of trilaciclib to an oxaliplatin/anti-PD-L1 combination (TOP) treatment significantly improves anti-tumor activity. Specifically, twice as many mice treated with TOP for 15 days had a complete response (CRs) when compared to oxaliplatin/anti-PD-L1 (OP); 6/10 CRs vs 3/10 CRs, respectively. In addition, the CRs were durable and without any evidence of recurrence at 100 days. Furthermore, TOP treatment caused a 60% increase in overall survival (OS) compared to mice treated with OP; median OS for TOP was 98 days compared to 61 days (HR, 0.53) for the OP treatment group. Assessment of ex-vivo stimulation of cytokine release from harvested splenocytes to measure T-cell activation, and evaluation of immune infiltrates and T-cell receptor repertoire within the tumors are ongoing. Taken together, we demonstrate that the short-acting IV CDK4/6 inhibitor, trilaciclib, which has been shown to preserve immune function during chemotherapy, enhances the anti-tumor activity of chemotherapy/anti-PD-L1 combination therapy. Citation Format: Jessica A. Sorrentino, Anne Y. Lai, Jay C. Strum, Patrick J. Roberts. Trilaciclib (G1T28), a CDK4/6 inhibitor, enhances the efficacy of combination chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in preclinical models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5628. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-5628
1760 nm Multi-Watt Broadband PM Tm-doped Fiber Amplifier (2022)

We report the performance of a CW single-clad PM Tm-doped fiber amplifier optimized for the wavelength band from 1760 to 1960 nm. Output powers as high as 3 W and an OSNR > 55 dB/0.1 nm are achieved with our OEM packaged amplifier.
Interband cascade lasers (2015)

We review the current status of interband cascade lasers (ICLs) emitting in the midwave infrared (IR). The ICL may be considered the hybrid of a conventional diode laser that generates photons via electron–hole recombination, and an intersubband-based quantum cascade laser (QCL) that stacks multiple stages for enhanced current efficiency. Following a brief historical overview, we discuss theoretical aspects of the active region and core designs, growth by molecular beam epitaxy, and the processing of broad-area, narrow-ridge, and distributed feedback (DFB) devices. We then review the experimental performance of pulsed broad area ICLs, as well as the continuous-wave (cw) characteristics of narrow ridges having good beam quality and DFBs producing output in a single spectral mode. Because the threshold drive powers are far lower than those of QCLs throughout the λ = 3–6 µm spectral band, ICLs are increasingly viewed as the laser of choice for mid-IR laser spectroscopy applications that do not require high output power but need to be hand-portable and/or battery operated. Demonstrated ICL performance characteristics to date include threshold current densities as low as 106 A cm−2 at room temperature (RT), cw threshold drive powers as low as 29 mW at RT, maximum cw operating temperatures as high as 118 °C, maximum cw output powers exceeding 400 mW at RT, maximum cw wallplug efficiencies as high as 18% at RT, maximum cw single-mode output powers as high as 55 mW at RT, and single-mode output at λ = 5.2 µm with a cw drive power of only 138 mW at RT.
Large-Scale Synthesis of Antisense Oligonucleotides without Chlorinated Solvents (1999)

It is demonstrated that mixed-sequence phosphorothioate oligodeoxyribonucleotides can be synthesized on scales from 1 μmol up to 80 mmol without using chlorinated solvents such as dichloromethane or dichloroethane, while preserving both high yield and purity of the product. A solution of dichloroacetic acid in organic solvents (e.g., toluene, xylenes, benzotrifluoride) cleanly and efficiently removes the 4,4‘-dimethoxytrityl (DMTr) group from the 5‘-terminus of the growing oligonucleotide chain during synthesis on solid support. We have therefore replaced hazardous dichloromethane, formerly used in oligonucleotide synthesis, as the solvent for DMTr-removal, with toluene.
<title>Comparison between different encoding schemes for synthetic aperture imaging</title> (2002)

Synthetic transmit aperture ultrasound (STAU) imaging can create images with as low as 2 emissions, making it attractive for 3D real-time imaging. Two are the major problems to be solved: (1) complexity of the hardware involved, and (2) poor image quality due to low signal to noise ratio (SNR). We have solved the first problem by building a scanner capable of acquiring data using STAU in real-time. The SNR is increased by using encoded signals, which make it possible to send more energy in the body, while reserving the spatial and contrast resolution. The performance of temporal, spatial and spatio-temporal encoding was investigated. Experiments on wire phantom in water were carried out to quantify the gain from the different encodings. The gain in SNR using an FM modulated pulse is 12 dB. The penetration depth of the images was studied using tissue mimicking phantom with frequency dependent attenuation of 0.5 dB/(cm MHz). The combination of spatial and temporal encoding have highest penetration depth. Images to a depth of 110 mm, can successfully be made with contrast resolution comparable to that of a linear array image. The in-vivo scans show that the motion artifacts do not significantly influence the performance of the STAU.
High Yield Methods for Cutting Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2008)

Abstract : Methods for cutting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) to controlled lengths for material, biological and electronic applications are being developed. The research aims at establishing scalable cutting processes for preparing high quality short SWNTs with high yield, systematic procedure for evaluating the cutting results, and effective, scalable methods for length sorting of cut SWNTs. Caro's acid has been studied and chosen as the finishing cutting reagent. High temperature fluorination plus Caro's acid have been developed as our primary cutting method. Electron beam irradiation of ozonated SWNTs has shown promising cutting result. A standard procedure has been developed to individualize SWNT samples and to determine the length distribution. Preliminary results have indicated that phase separation technique could be a scalable, efficient means for length sorting of SWNTs. Ultra-short SWNTs (US-SWNTs) were produced by oxidation in oleum using fuming nitric acid.
Metod och apparat för alstring av röntgenstrålning : Method And Apparatus For Generating X-Ray Radiation (2000)

In a method and an apparatus for generating X-ray or EUV radiation, an electron beam is brought to interact with a propagating target jet, typically in a vacuum chamber. The target jet is formed by urging a liquid substance under pressure through an outlet opening. Hard X-ray radiation may be generated by converting the electron-beam energy to Bremsstrahlung and characteristic line emission, essentially without heating the jet to a plasma-forming temperature. Soft X-ray or EUV radiation may be generated by the electron beam heating the jet to a plasma-forming temperature.
Feasibility study of acoustic/ultrasonic flowmeters for solid/gas systems (1978)

An analysis of sonic techniques for flow measurement in solid/gas media shows that operation of a transmission type flowmeter is feasible in the frequency range from about 32.5 kHz to 400 kHz, depending on the path length and particle concentration. For small light particles a flowmeter is feasible in the lower end of the frequency range, while for intermediate and large particles a flowmeter is feasible in the intermediate and higher ranges respectively. The attenuation constants for various representative media were calculated for various temperatures and pressures.
Basic Studies on Phosphorus Removal by the Contact Aeration Process Using Iron Contactors (1991)

The authors have developed what we call the submerged iron contactor process as a simple and inexpensive phosphorus removal method for small-scale plants disposing of domestic wastewater and household wastewater treatment tanks. In this method iron contactors are submerged in biological treatment tanks, where phosphate anions in wastewater are combined with iron cations produced through corrosion of the contactors, and the compound thus produced is precipitated and removed together with biological sludge. In these studies, laboratory experiments were made on the contact aeration process combined with the above-mentioned method, and the following findings were obtained. (1) It is desirable to treat wastewater by making use of corrosion by sulfate-reducing bacteria instead of corrosion by oxygen dissolved in wastewater, to conduct a stable phosphorus removal by this combined method. (2) The corrosion rate of iron contactors is affected by the volumetric loading of BOD in the tanks where they are submerged. (3) Assuming that an iron contactor continues to suffer corrosion evenly all over the surface when our combined method is applied, it is estimated that the corrosion rate is about 1mm or less in 30 years.