gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Concept-drifting Data Streams are Time Series; The Case for Continuous Adaptation (2018)

Learning from data streams is an increasingly important topic in data mining, machine learning, and artificial intelligence in general. A major focus in the data stream literature is on designing methods that can deal with concept drift, a challenge where the generating distribution changes over time. A general assumption in most of this literature is that instances are independently distributed in the stream. In this work we show that, in the context of concept drift, this assumption is contradictory, and that the presence of concept drift necessarily implies temporal dependence; and thus some form of time series. This has important implications on model design and deployment. We explore and highlight the these implications, and show that Hoeffding-tree based ensembles, which are very popular for learning in streams, are not naturally suited to learning \emph{within} drift; and can perform in this scenario only at significant computational cost of destructive adaptation. On the other hand, we develop and parameterize gradient-descent methods and demonstrate how they can perform \emph{continuous} adaptation with no explicit drift-detection mechanism, offering major advantages in terms of accuracy and efficiency. As a consequence of our theoretical discussion and empirical observations, we outline a number of recommendations for deploying methods in concept-drifting streams.
Evaluación de un método de doble centrifugación en tubo para concentrar plaquetas bovinas: estudio celular (2012)

The aim of this study was to evaluate a double centrifugation tube method for concentrating bovine platelets. Whole blood samples were collected from clinically normal Holstein cows and processed using a double centrifugation tube method to obtain platelet rich plasma (PRP). PRP and whole blood were analysed by a volumetric impedance system for hemogram and additional platelet parameters (mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW). Platelet concentrations for PRP were 229% higher in comparison with platelet concentration for whole blood samples. There were positive significant correlations between platelet and lymphocyte counts ( = 0.81; P = 0.0001), platelet and leukocyte counts ( = 0.75; P = 0.0001) and, a significant negative correlation between platelet count and PDW ( = -0.72; P = 0.0001). In conclusion, the double centrifugation tube method evaluated in this study is a reliable method for producing bovine PRP.
Plasma Doping of InGaAs at Elevated Substrate Temperature for Reduced Sheet Resistance and Defect Formation (2014)

Plasma doping (PLAD), a high-throughput ion implantation technique capable of achieving ultrashallow junctions and conformal doping of 3-D structures such as fin field-effect transistors, is investigated as an alternative to conventional beam-line ion implantation for InGaAs at advanced technology nodes. The PLAD at an elevated substrate temperature (ET-PLAD) is studied and reported for InGaAs for the first time. The ET-PLAD can give lower sheet resistance than room-temperature PLAD due to enhanced dopant incorporation. More crucially, an ET can help to prevent amorphization. After dopant activation anneal, residual corner defects are observed in small fins that are amorphized during plasma ion implantation, whereas fins that remain crystalline during plasma ion implantation are free of corner defects.
SUMOylation and the HSF1-Regulated Chaperone Network Converge to Promote Proteostasis in Response to Heat Shock (2019)

The role of stress-induced increases in SUMO2/3 conjugation during the heat shock response (HSR) has remained enigmatic. We investigated SUMO signal transduction at the proteomic and functional level during the HSR in cells depleted of proteostasis network components via chronic heat shock factor 1 inhibition. In the recovery phase post heat shock, high SUMO2/3 conjugation was prolonged in cells lacking sufficient chaperones. Similar results were obtained upon inhibiting HSP90, indicating that increased chaperone activity during the HSR is critical for recovery to normal SUMO2/3 levels post-heat shock. Proteasome inhibition likewise prolonged SUMO2/3 conjugation, indicating that stress-induced SUMO2/3 targets are subsequently degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Functionally, we suggest that SUMOylation can enhance the solubility of target proteins upon heat shock, a phenomenon that we experimentally observed in vitro. Collectively, our results implicate SUMO2/3 as a rapid response factor that coordinates proteome degradation and assists the maintenance of proteostasis upon proteotoxic stress.
The kinetics and specificity of cleavage by RNase P is mainly dependent on the structure of the amino acid acceptor stem (1992)

Cleavage by RNase P of the tRNA(His precursor yields a mature tRNA with an 8 base pair amino acid acceptor stem instead of the usual 7 base pair stem. Here we show, both in vivo and in vitro, that this is mainly dependent on the primary structure and length of the acceptor stem in the precursor. Furthermore, the tRNA(His) precursor used in this study was processed with a change in both kinetic constants, Km and kcat, in comparison to the kinetics of cleavage of the precursor to tRNA(Tyr)Su3. Cleavage of a chimeric tRNA precursor showed that these altered kinetics were due to a difference in the primary structure and in the length of the acceptor stems of these two tRNA precursors. We also studied the cleavage reaction as a function of base substitutions at positions -1 and/or +73 in the precursor to tRNA(His). Our results suggest that the nucleotide at position +73 in tRNA(His) plays a significant role in the kinetics of cleavage of its precursor, possibly in product release. In addition, it appears that the C5 protein of RNase P is involved in the interaction between the enzyme and its substrate in a substrate-dependent manner, as previously suggested.
Towards Lingua Franca Named Entity Recognition with BERT (2019)

Information extraction is an important task in NLP, enabling the automatic extraction of data for relational database filling. Historically, research and data was produced for English text, followed in subsequent years by datasets in Arabic, Chinese (ACE/OntoNotes), Dutch, Spanish, German (CoNLL evaluations), and many others. The natural tendency has been to treat each language as a different dataset and build optimized models for each. In this paper we investigate a single Named Entity Recognition model, based on a multilingual BERT, that is trained jointly on many languages simultaneously, and is able to decode these languages with better accuracy than models trained only on one language. To improve the initial model, we study the use of regularization strategies such as multitask learning and partial gradient updates. In addition to being a single model that can tackle multiple languages (including code switch), the model could be used to make zero-shot predictions on a new language, even ones for which training data is not available, out of the box. The results show that this model not only performs competitively with monolingual models, but it also achieves state-of-the-art results on the CoNLL02 Dutch and Spanish datasets, OntoNotes Arabic and Chinese datasets. Moreover, it performs reasonably well on unseen languages, achieving state-of-the-art for zero-shot on three CoNLL languages.
Impact of Parasitic Capacitance and Ferroelectric Parameters on Negative Capacitance FinFET Characteristics (2016)

In this letter, we present a compact model and analyze the impact of key parameters on negative capacitance FinFET (NC-FinFET) device operation. The developed model solves FinFET device electrostatics and Landau–Khalatnikov equations self-consistently. An experimental NC-FinFET device is accurately modeled and the experimentally calibrated parameters are used to analyze the NC-FinFETs device performance and its dependence on several key parameters.
Static optimization of XSLT stylesheets (2005)

The increasing popularity of XSLT brings up the requirement of more efficient performance. In this paper, we propose two optimization techniques based on template caller-callee analysis. One is the template instantiation optimization which analyzes a stylesheet and identifies the templates to be instantiated before transformation. The other is the static lazy XML parsing optimization that constructs a pruned XML tree by statically identifying the nodes that are actually referred. Furthermore, we have implemented both our optimizations on Saxon and have evaluated its performance. In these experiments, we have proved both of them to be practically useful and to improve XSLT performance.
Virtual Metrology Modeling for CVD Film Thickness (2012)

The semiconductor industry is continuously facing four main challenges in film characterization techniques: accuracy, speed, throughput and flexibility. Virtual Metrology (VM), defined as the prediction of metrology variables using process and wafer state information, is able to successfully address these four challenges. VM is understood as definition and application of predictive and corrective mathematical models to specify metrology outputs (physical measurements). These statistical models are based on metrology data and equipment parameters. The objective of this study is to develop a model predicting the CVD oxide thickness (average) for an IMD (Inter Metal Dielectric) deposition process using FDC data (Fault Detection and Classification) and metrology data. In this paper, two VM models are studied: one based on Partial Least Squares Regression (PLS) and one based on Tree ensembles. We will demonstrate that both models show good predictive strength. Finally, we will highlight that model update is key for ensuring a good model robustness over time and that an indicator of confidence of the predicted values is necessary too if the VM model has to be use on-line in a production environment.
Audio-Visual Multimedia Quality Assessment: A Comprehensive Survey (2017)

Measuring perceived quality of audio-visual signals at the end-user has become an important parameter in many multimedia networks and applications. It plays a crucial role in shaping audio-visual processing, compression, transmission and systems, along with their implementation, optimization, and testing. Service providers are enacting different quality of service (QoS) solutions to issue the best quality of experience (QoE) to their customers. Thus, devising precise perception-based quality metrics will greatly help improving multimedia services over wired and wireless networks. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey of the works that have been carried out over recent decades in perceptual audio, video, and joint audio-visual quality assessments, describing existing methodologies in terms of requirement of a reference signal, feature extraction, feature mapping, and classification schemes. In this context, an overview of quality formation and perception, QoS, QoE as well as quality of perception is also presented. Finally, open issues and challenges in audio-visual quality assessment are highlighted and potential future research directions are discussed.
Activation/inactivation of human factor V by plasmin (1989)

The effect of human plasmin on human coagulation factor V was studied using isolated proteins. Incubation of factor V with plasmin resulted in a rapid increase in procoagulant activity, followed by a subsequent decline in the ability of factor V to serve as a cofactor in the prothrombinase complex. Identical results were obtained when these reactions were conducted in the presence of dansylarginine-N-(3-ethyl- 1,5-pentanediyl) amide (DAPA), indicating that the changes observed could not have occurred as a consequence of cleavage by alpha-thrombin. Analysis of the products of the reaction by sodium dodecyl sulfate- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed a temporal correlation between the rise and fall in factor V activity and the presence of several transient intermediates. These fragments are distinct from the subunits of alpha-thrombin-activated factor V (factor Va). The activation phase of the reaction was not significantly affected by the presence of phospholipid. In contrast, the rate of degradation of active fragments of factor V and the accompanying loss of activity were markedly enhanced in the presence of phospholipid vesicles. These data suggest that the action of plasmin upon factor V results in the transient formation of proteolytic fragments which express significant procoagulant activity.
Effect of Tea Extracts, Catechin and Caffeine against Type-I Allergic Reaction (1997)

The antiallergic effects of green tea, oolong tea, and black tea extracts by hot water were examined. These extracts inhibited the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction of rat after oral administration. Three tea catechins, (--)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (--)-epicatechin gallate (ECg), and (--)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg) isolated from green tea showed stronger inhibitory effects than that of a green tea extract on the PCA reaction. The inhibitory effects of EGC and EGCg on the PCA reaction were greater than that of ECg. Caffeine also showed a inhibitory effect on the PCA reaction. These results indicate that tea could provide a significant protection against the type-I allergic reaction. These findings also suggest that tea catechins and caffeine play an important role in having an inhibitory effect on the type-I allergic reaction.
Incentivizing Cost-Effective Reductions in Hospital Readmission Rates (2015)

The recent regulatory changes enacted by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) have identified hospital readmission rates as a critical healthcare quality metric. This research focuses on the utilization of pay-for-performance (P4P) mechanisms to cost effectively reduce hospital readmission rates and meet the regulatory standards set by CMS. Using the experimental economics laboratory we find that both of the P4P mechanisms researched, bonus and bundled payments, cost-effectively meet the performance criteria set forth by CMS. The bundled payment mechanism generates the largest reduction in patient length of stay (LOS) without altering the probability of readmission. Combined these results indicate that utilizing P4P mechanisms incentivizes cost effective reductions in hospital readmission rates.
Facial Verification Technology for Use In Atm Transactions (2013)

There is an urgent need for improving security in banking region. With the birth of the Automatic Teller Machines, banking became a lot easier though with its own troubles of insecurity. Due to tremendous increase in the number of criminals and their activities, the ATM has become insecure. ATM systems today use no more than an access card and PIN for identity verification. The recent progress in biometric identification techniques, including finger printing, retina scanning, and facial recognition has made a great efforts to rescue the unsafe situation at the ATM. This research looked into the development of a system that integrates facial recognition technology into the identity verification process used in ATMs. An ATM model that is more reliable in providing security by using facial recognition software is proposed .The development of such a system would serve to protect consumers and financial institutions alike from intruders and identity thieves. This paper proposes an automatic teller machine security model that would combine a physical access card, a PIN, and electronic facial recognition that will go as far as withholding the fraudsters card. If this technology becomes widely used, faces would be protected as well as PINs. However, it obvious that mans biometric features cannot be replicated, this proposal will go a long way to solve the problem of Account safety making it possible for the actual account owner alone have access to his accounts. The combined biometric features approach is to serve the purpose both the identification and authentication that card and PIN do.
Characteristics of concatemeric GABA <sub>A</sub> receptors containing α4/δ subunits expressed in <i>Xenopus</i> oocytes (2011)

The neurosteroid structure-activity profile for α4/δ-containing extrasynaptic receptors is unlikely to differ from that of synaptic-like receptors such as α1/β2/γ2-containing receptors.
Phase-Anchored SC-OFDM (2014)

A new out-of-band power suppression method for single carrier (SC)-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is proposed in this letter. In the proposed method, by inserting two static "anchor symbols" at designated positions in every SC-OFDM block, phase continuity between SC-OFDM blocks is preserved and out-of-band power emissions are reduced without bit error rate (BER) performance degradation. Both experimental and simulation results indicate that reduction of out-of-band emissions up to 13dB can be achieved by using the proposed method.
A Smart Molecule for Selective Sensing of Nitric Oxide: Conversion of NO to HSNO; Relevance of Biological HSNO Formation (2017)

A smart molecule, QT<sub>490</sub>, containing thiosemicarbazide moiety acts as a highly selective turn-on in vitro NO sensor through the unprecedented NO-induced transformation of thiosemicarbazide moiety to 1,3,4-oxadiazole heterocycle with the concomitant release of HSNO, thereby eliminating any interference from various endogenous biomolecules including dehydroascorbic acid, ascorbic acid, etc. The kinetic studies of the reactions between QT<sub>490</sub> and NO provide a mechanistic insight into formation of HSNO/RSNO from the reaction between H<sub>2</sub>S/RSH and NO in the biological system. This novel probe is non-cytotoxic, cell permeable, water-soluble, and appropriate for intracellular cytoplasmic NO sensing with the possibilities of in vivo applications.
Dual Bragg grating sensor for concurrent torsion and temperature measurement (2006)

The paper discusses a dual fibre Bragg grating sensor for the independent measurement of temperature and torsion in a rotating shaft. It shows theoretically that torsion affects the differential wavelength of the gratings in the proposed configuration, whereas temperature changes only the common-mode wavelength, allowing measurement of both torsion and temperature. For the particular system investigated experimentally, the differential wavelength change due to torque was 19.4 pm (N m)−1, and the corresponding temperature sensitivity was −0.36 pm °C−1. In contrast to these values, the temperature sensitivity of the common-mode wavelength change was 25.3 pm °C−1, and its torque cross-sensitivity was −0.19 pm (N m)−1.
A Phase I/II Open-Label Study of Nivolumab in Previously Treated Advanced or Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Other Solid Tumors (2019)

Nivolumab monotherapy at 3 mg/kg and flat doses of 240 mg and 360 mg were well tolerated in this Chinese patient population, with PK profiles at 3 mg/kg being similar to those of global patients. Preliminary efficacy results showed promising antitumor activity of nivolumab in advanced NPC.
Opportunities to improve the net energy performance of photoelectrochemical water-splitting technology (2016)

The hydrogen energy provided by solar-driven photoelectrochemical water splitting must be greater than the energy used to produce and operate the technology, to enable energetic benefits to society.
Subband STAP in wideband radar systems (2002)

The detection of moving targets, both airborne and ground-based, is enabled by ground clutter mitigation using space-time adaptive processing (STAP). As technological advances make it possible to perform wide bandwidth processing and future systems require high resolution for target identification, the need has arisen for the effective implementation of wideband STAP. In order to prevent the deleterious effects of dispersion for wideband systems, STAP is performed in subbands, which is also computationally more efficient than full bandwidth STAP. The separate, independent adaptive processing in the individual subbands, however, introduces complications that must be addressed in order to maintain desired performance. These issues are unique to subband STAP, namely, target Doppler dispersion across subbands and range sidelobe levels following subband recombination. In each case, we identify the cause of the problem and propose an effective solution. Throughout this paper, we focus on practical solutions that are tractable and do not require an inordinate amount of computation.
Building secure file systems out of byzantine storage (2002)

This paper shows how to implement a trusted network file system on an untrusted server. While cryptographic storage techniques exist that allow users to keep data secret from untrusted servers, this work concentrates on the detection of tampering attacks and stale data. Ideally, users of an untrusted storage server would immediately and unconditionally notice any misbehavior on the part of the server. This ideal is unfortunately not achievable. However, we define a notion of data integrity called fork consistency in which, if the server delays just one user from seeing even a single change by another, the two users will never again see one another's changes---a failure easily detectable with on-line communication. We give a practical protocol for a multi-user network file system called SUNDR, and prove that SUNDR offers fork consistency whether or not the server obeys the protocol.
Suprathreshold Stochastic Resonance in Multilevel Threshold Systems (2000)

A new form of stochastic resonance (SR) that occurs in multilevel threshold signal detectors is reported. In contrast to classical SR, which extends the dynamic range of threshold detectors to subthreshold signal levels, this new form of SR extends the dynamic range to suprathreshold signal strengths. The effect is most dominant, and can outperform networks based on standard engineering design, when all thresholds adapt to the dc level of the signal. This has an interesting analogy to dc adaptation in neurons. The possible connection between these two effects is discussed.
New dual-quantization multibit sigma-delta modulators with digital noise-shaping (2003)

A new architecture of multibit Sigma-Delta modulator with dual-quantization is proposed here where the multibit DAC in the feedback path is replaced for a single-bit one. Unlike other dual-quantization architectures based on digital cancellation, the proposed one is based on an additional feedback path in the input of the second modulator composed of a quantizer with digital noise-shaping, a digital integrator and a multibit DAC. The non-idealities of the later are not critical because they are shaped by the transfer function of the first integrator. When compared to other dual-quantization architectures, the proposed one is more robust against mismatches between the analog and digital paths, at the cost of an increased complexity. Theoretical and simulation results are presented.