gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of eight 15-lipoxygenase (LO) inhibitors on the biosynthesis of 15-LO metabolites by human neutrophils and eosinophils (2018)

Neutrophils and eosinophils are important sources of bioactive lipids from the 5- and the 15-lipoxygenase (LO) pathways. Herein, we compared the effectiveness of humans eosinophils and eosinophil-depleted neutrophils to synthesize 15-LO metabolites using a cocktail of different 15-LO substrates as well as their sensitivities to eight documented 15-lipoxygenase inhibitors. The treatment of neutrophils and eosinophils with linoleic acid, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonyl-ethanolamide, led to the synthesis of 13-HODE, 15-HETrE, 15-HETE, 15-HEPE, 14-HDHA/17-HDHA, and 15-hydroxy-AEA. Neutrophils and eosinophils also metabolized the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol into 15-HETE-glycerol, although this required 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol hydrolysis inhibition. Neutrophils and eosinophils differed in regard to dihomo-γ-linolenic acid and linoleic acid utilization with 15-HETrE/13-HODE ratios of 0.014 ± 0.0008 and 0.474 ± 0.114 for neutrophils and eosinophils respectively. 15-LO metabolite synthesis by neutrophils and eosinophils also differed in regard to their relative production of 17-HDHA and 14-HDHA.The synthesis of 15-LO metabolites by neutrophils was concentration-dependent and rapid, reaching a plateau after one minute. While investigating the biosynthetic routes involved, we found that eosinophil-depleted neutrophils express the 15-lipoxygenase-2 but not the 15-LO-1, in contrast to eosinophils which express the 15-LO-1 but not the 15-LO-2. Moreover, 15-LO metabolite synthesis by neutrophils was not inhibited by the 15-LO-1 inhibitors BLX769, BLX3887, and ML351. However, 15-LO product synthesis was partially inhibited by 100 μM NDGA. Altogether, our data indicate that the best 15-LO-1 inhibitors in eosinophils are BLX3887, BLX769, NDGA and ML351 and that the synthesis of 15-LO metabolites by neutrophils does not involve the 15-LO-1 nor the phosphorylation of 5-LO on Ser-663 but is rather the consequence of 15-LO-2 or another unidentified 15-LO.
A Modified Procedure for the Purification of Clostridial Collagenase (1978)

A method is described for the purification of clostridial collagenase from a crude enzyme preparation employing cation exchange chromatography on SP Sephadex, anion exchange chromatography on DEAE cellulose and gel filtration on Sephacryl S-200. Emphasis was placed on purity using continuous shallow gradients for the ion exchange separations to increase resolution and monitoring eluates both with respect to ultraviolet light absorption at 230 nm and analytical disc gel acrylamide electrophoresis. In addition, protein fractions were assayed for collagenolytic and non-specific proteolytic activity. The purity of the final preparation was assessed by acrylamide electrophoresis, gel filtration and amino acid analysis. The isolated enzyme hydrolyzed between 30 and 40% of rat tail tendon collagen in 1 h at 37 degrees C and lacked measurable trypsin or elastase-like activity.
Syntheses and structures of dinuclear molybdenum complexes containing reactive .mu.-thiolate-thioether ligands (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSyntheses and structures of dinuclear molybdenum complexes containing reactive .mu.-thiolate-thioether ligandsJ. Birnbaum, R. C. Haltiwanger, P. Bernatis, C. Teachout, K. Parker, and M. Rakowski DuBoisCite this: Organometallics 1991, 10, 6, 1779–1786Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00052a025https://doi.org/10.1021/om00052a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views66Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Optimized Structures for Low-Profile Phase Change Thermal Spreaders (2012)

Thin, low-profile phase change thermal spreaders can provide cooling solutions for some of today's most pressing heat flux dissipation issues. These thermal issues are only expected to increase as future electronic circuitry requirements lead to denser and potentially 3D chip packaging. Phase change based heat spreaders, such as heat pipes or vapor chambers, can provide a practical solution for effectively dissipating large heat fluxes. This thesis reports a comprehensive study of state-of-the-art capillary pumped wick structures using computational modeling, micro wick fabrication, and experimental analysis. Modeling efforts focus on predicting the shape of the liquid meniscus inside a complicated 3D wick structure. It is shown that this liquid shape can drastically affect the wick's thermal resistance. In addition, knowledge of the liquid meniscus shape allows for the computation of key parameters such as permeability and capillary pressure which are necessary for predicting the maximum heat flux. After the model is validated by comparison to experimental results, the wick structure is optimized so as to decrease overall wick thermal resistance and increase the maximum capillary limited heat flux before dryout. The optimized structures are then fabricated out of both silicon and copper using both traditional and novel micro-fabrication techniques. The wicks are made super-hydrophilic using chemical and thermal oxidation schemes. A sintered monolayer of Cu particles is fabricated and analyzed as well.The fabricated wick structures are experimentally tested for their heat transfer performance inside a well controlled copper vacuum chamber. Heat fluxes as high as 170 W/cm2 are realized for Cu wicks with structure heights of 100 μm. The structures optimized for both minimized thermal resistance and high liquid supply ability perform much better than their non-optimized counterparts. The super-hydrophilic oxidation scheme is found to drastically increase the maximum heat flux and decrease thermal resistance. This research provides key insights as to how to optimize heat pipe structures to minimize thermal resistance and increase maximum heat flux. These thin wick structures can also be combined with a thicker liquid supply layer so that thin, low-resistance evaporator layers can be constructed and higher heat fluxes realized. The work presented in this thesis can be used to aid in the development of high-performance phase change thermal spreaders, allowing for temperature control of a variety of powerful electronic components.
Origin Validation Operation Based on the Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) (2014)

Deployment of BGP origin validation that is based on the Resource
Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) has many operational considerations.
This document attempts to collect and present those that are most
critical. It is expected to evolve as RPKI-based origin validation
continues to be deployed and the dynamics are better understood.
Inherent amorphous structures and statistical mechanics of melting (1997)

The statistical mechanics of local and global order in a condensed system is studied in a coarsened model in which the atomic arrangements in small volumes may be crystalline or amorphous. The melting behavior of the material is determined by two characteristic energies, the energy of an orientationally disordered locally crystalline state and the energy of a completely amorphous state. If the amorphization energy is high, the material retains local crystallinity even in the melt; then, at higher temperatures there is a crossover to a locally amorphous state. A material with a low-energy noncrystalline local packing exhibits amorphization melting; the phase transition is from an orientationally ordered crystal state to a fully amorphous melt. Strong interactions that are not of a two-body type are suggested to favor the first behavior, and to lead to structural liquids just above the melting point.
Medication use in an imperfect world: Drug misadventuring as an issue of public policy, Part 1 (1989)

Drug misadventuring is defined, applicable public policy issues are identified and analyzed, and recommendations are suggested for reducing the magnitude and scope of drug misadventuring. The extensive use of pharmaceuticals in the United States, as well as the error-prone systems that are responsible for the appropriate preparation and distribution of drugs, has created new challenges for prescribers, dispensers, and users of drugs. The term "drug misadventuring" covers the broad array of phenomena associated with negative drug experiences. Studies conducted in the United States during the past two decades related to drug misadventuring have been inadequate. Further, extrapolation of data from these studies to the population at large has yielded false projections of the extent of the problem. Since drug misadventuring is a human problem, it is derived from the actions or inactions of a variety of "environments"--social, economic, political, and scientific-technological--that define American society. The following players directly influence decisions associated with drug misadventuring: prescribers, patients, pharmacists, manufacturers, policymakers, and third-party payers. Conflicts of interest among these groups and environmental sectors deter progress in minimizing drug misadventuring. The problem of drug misadventuring must be viewed as a problem in public policy, and new policy decisions must be constructed in the best interest of the patient. Recommendations are made for a "new order" in confronting and resolving this problem. Bold leadership and forthright discussion will be required to find solutions to the problem of drug misadventuring.
A Study of the Operation Strategies of Kweichow Moutai Co., Ltd. (2023)

Moutai known as the “national liquor” band of China has a long history. In recent years, the competition among liquor-making enterprises tends to be intense, and a series of policy adjustment has restricted the development of liquor industry to some extent. So the liquor-making enterprises have to shift their operation idea so that they can survive in such fierce market competition. This paper made a thorough understanding of the entire liquor industry and the macro and micro economic environment of Kweichow Moutai Co., Ltd., integrated with the data of the annual reports of the company over the years, and used SWOT analysis, Michael Porter’s Five Forces Model, core competence analysis to expound the experience and strategies of Kweichow Moutai, respectively.
A Novel Hybrid Approach Based on Deep CNN Features to Detect Knee Osteoarthritis (2021)

In the recent era, various diseases have severely affected the lifestyle of individuals, especially adults. Among these, bone diseases, including Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA), have a great impact on quality of life. KOA is a knee joint problem mainly produced due to decreased Articular Cartilage between femur and tibia bones, producing severe joint pain, effusion, joint movement constraints and gait anomalies. To address these issues, this study presents a novel KOA detection at early stages using deep learning-based feature extraction and classification. Firstly, the input X-ray images are preprocessed, and then the Region of Interest (ROI) is extracted through segmentation. Secondly, features are extracted from preprocessed X-ray images containing knee joint space width using hybrid feature descriptors such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) through Local Binary Patterns (LBP) and CNN using Histogram of oriented gradient (HOG). Low-level features are computed by HOG, while texture features are computed employing the LBP descriptor. Lastly, multi-class classifiers, that is, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), are used for the classification of KOA according to the Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) system. The Kellgren-Lawrence system consists of Grade I, Grade II, Grade III, and Grade IV. Experimental evaluation is performed on various combinations of the proposed framework. The experimental results show that the HOG features descriptor provides approximately 97% accuracy for the early detection and classification of KOA for all four grades of KL.
Negative nanomolecular resists based on Calix[4]resorcinarene (2006)

Negative working nanomolecular resists based on fully epoxy-protected tetra-Cmethylcalix[4]resorcinarene (epoxy C-4-R) and oxetanyl-protected tetra-methylcalix[4]resocinarene (oxetanyl C-4-R) have been developed. They were prepared by the reaction of C-4-R with epichlorohydrin or in the presence of trimethylamine. They can be coated on the silicon wafer by spin-coating method. A clear film cast from a 20 wt% epoxy C-4-R solution in chloroform showed high transparency to UV above 300 nm. A fine negative image featuring 0.8 μm of minimum line and space patterns was observed on the film of the photoresist exposed to 40 mJ/ cm<sup>2</sup> of Near UV-light by the contact mode.
CIDS Completion And Mobilization To The Antares Site (1986)

ABSTRACT The Glomar Beaufort Sea I was successfully mobilized to its first drilling location, the Exxon Antares prospect in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea, only 13-1/2 months after go-ahead. The paper reviews the completion of construction, describes the site surveys and its characterization, and details mobilization operations from Japan to Alaska. INTRODUCTION The Glomar Beaufort Sea I, a Concrete Island Drilling System (CIDS), is a United States Coast Guard certified Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit (MODU) and is classed by the American Bureau of Shipping as a Maltese Cross A-I Caisson Drilling Unit. Its structure is comprised of three basic stacked components:A compartmented A537 steel Mud Base 312 ft in length, 295 ft in breadth and 25 ft deep with raked sides.A central core prestressed and post-tensioned concrete BRICK, octagonal in shape, 234 ft across the flats, 44 ft in height, straight sided.An EH-36 (modified to -60"F) steel deck unit,290.5 ft in length, 274 ft in breadth, and 26 ft deep with raked sides built as two independent deck barges. The Glomar Beaufort Sea I (CIDS) was installed on its initial Alaskan Beaufort Sea drill site, the Exxon Antares' prospect, only 13.5 months after a letter of intent was signed with the Nippon Kokan (NKK) shipyard in Japan and 10 months after the first concrete was poured. At the peak of activity, 4 shipyards and 2 offsite facilities utilizing over 1600 workers were engaged in fabricating the principal sub-assemblies: mud base, brick, port and starboard deck barges, drill rig, and quarters. Numerous papers and articles have detailed the design (References 1 through 15). This paper summarizes the completion of construction and its mobilization to the drill site. CONSTRUCTION COMPLETION Mud Base Construction Construction of the Mud Base began at NKK's Tsurumi Works on September 28, 1983 and continued until March 13, 1984. The Mud Base was launched by skidding it onto a submersible barge. This created an interesting multiple degree of freedom problem involving variable and offset loads and inclination of the barge coupled with tidal effects that the shipbuilder resolved with a computer controlled barge ballast system. The Mud Base was then launched from the barge and towed 250 miles from the Tsurumi works to the Tsu works to await assembly with the BRICK. After arrival at Tsu, a 3 inch thick asphalt rubber compound was applied hot over the entire top of the Mud Base within the shear curb using conventional road building equipment to evenly distribute the load from the BRICK into the Mud Base structure. The asphalt rubber compound was developed and tested under contract by B.A. Va11erga, Inc. and consisted of 15% asphalt paving grade binder, which contained 20% ground vulcanized rubber, and 85% aggregate, made up of 70% clean dry river sand and 30% Meso1ite.
7 nm/V DC tunability and millivolt scale switching in silicon carrier injection degenerate band edge resonators (2016)

We demonstrate electro-optical tuning of degenerate band edge resonances in Si photonic waveguides for applications including tunable filters, low voltage switches, and modulators. Carrier injection modulation is enabled by introducing periodic Si slabs to electrically connect the resonator to P and N dopants. Measured devices yield a large DC tunability of 7.1 nm/V and a peak switching slope of 206 dB/V. Digital data transmission measurements at 100 Mb/s show 3 dB of switching with a swing voltage of 6.8 mV, 91.4 aJ/bit switching energy, and 1.08 pJ/bit holding energy.
Detrimental Effects of Rapid Fluid Resuscitation on Hepatocellular Function and Survival After Hemorrhagic Shock (2002)

Because end-organ injury can occur with reperfusion following hemorrhage or ischemia, we hypothesized that aggressive intravenous fluid resuscitation would aggravate tissue injury in a fixed-volume model of hemorrhagic shock. Unanesthetized chronically prepared male rats were hemorrhaged 33–36 mL/kg for 2.5 h. Then Lactated Ringer's Solution (3x hemorrhage volume) was infused over 5 min (FAST), 20 min (MEDIUM), 180 min (SLOW), or not at all (NO RESUS). Plasma ornithine carbamoyltransferase (OCT), lactate, and creatinine were measured as indices of hepatocellular injury, anaerobic metabolism, and renal function, respectively. At 1 h post-resuscitation (PR), MAP was greater after SLOW and MEDIUM treatment (tx) than after other txs (P < 0.05). OCT increased earliest after FAST tx to values greater than those after other txs from 30 min to 24 h PR (P < 0.01). Plasma lactate was elevated immediately before resuscitation in all groups (P < 0.01) and returned to baseline at 3 h PR after SLOW tx compared to 5 h PR after FAST tx (P < 0.05). Creatinine at 5 h PR was less in the groups treated with intravenous fluid compared to the NO RESUS group, P < 0.05. Survival at 72 h was reduced in the FAST (57%) and NO RESUS (58%) groups compared to the SLOW (87%) and MEDIUM (85%) groups (P < 0.05). Thus, overly aggressive fluid tx accelerates hepatocellular injury, is no better than lesser rates of resuscitation at correcting plasma lactate and preserving renal function, and provides no overall survival benefit.
Perfect information leader election in log*n+O(1) rounds (2002)

In the leader election problem, n players wish to elect a random leader. The difficulty is that some coalition of players may conspire to elect one of its own members. We adopt the perfect information model: all communication is by broadcast, and the bad players have unlimited computational power. Within a round, they may also wait to see the inputs of the good players. A protocol is called resilient if a good leader is elected with probability bounded away from 0. We give a simple, constructive leader election protocol that is resilient against coalitions of size /spl beta/n, for any /spl beta/<1/2. Our protocol takes log*n+O(1) rounds, each player sending at most log n bits per round. For any constant k, our protocol can be modified to take k rounds and be resilient against coalitions of size /spl epsi/n(log/sup (k)/n)/sup 3/, where /spl epsi/ is a small enough constant and log(k) denotes the logarithm iterated k times. This is constructive for k/spl ges/3.
Multi-Camera Monitoring of Human Activities at Critical Transportation Infrastructure Sites (2008)

There are many factors such as the hip, knee flexion/extension and the ankle plantarflexion/dorsiflexion contributing to the control of the transient impact of an amputee during walking. Therefore, for enhanced control of a prosthetic knee, a multifaceted approach is required. This study showed that UTFA adaption to different prosthetic knees in the short term with slower than self-selected speed is completely achievable based on the negative correlation of ground reaction forces versus linear velocity. Reduced speed may provide the prosthetists with the vision of the amputees' progression of adaptation with a newly prescribed prosthetic knee.
Statistical tests for presence of cyclostationarity (1994)

The presence of kth-order cyclostationarity is defined in terms of nonvanishing cyclic-cumulants or polyspectra. Relying upon the asymptotic normality and consistency of kth-order cyclic statistics, asymptotically optimal /spl chi//sup 2/ tests are developed to detect the presence of cycles in the kth-order cyclic cumulants or polyspectra, without assuming any specific distribution on the data. Constant false alarm rate tests are derived in both time- and frequency-domain and yield consistent estimates of possible cycles present in the kth-order cyclic statistics. Explicit algorithms for k/spl les/4 are discussed. Existing approaches are rather empirical and deal only with k/spl les/2 case. Simulation results are presented to confirm the performance of the given tests.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Conditions for protoplasting, regenerating, and transforming the calicheamicin producer, Micromonospora echinospora (1992)

We report methods to generate protoplasts, to regenerate mycelia, and to transform Micromonospora echinospora. This actinomycete produces the unusual antitumor antibiotics, the calicheamicins. These protocols may be applied to other actinomycetes that have been difficult to transform. These methods also may facilitate the cloning of calicheamicin biosynthetic genes by genetic complementation.
Biosynthesis of polyketides by trans-AT polyketide synthases (2010)

This review discusses the biosynthesis of natural products that are generated by trans-AT polyketide synthases, a family of catalytically versatile enzymes that have recently been recognized as one of the major group of proteins involved in the production of bioactive polyketides. 436 references are cited.
Dimethyl sulphoxide as leaving group: applications in transition metal chemotherapy (1982)

Sulphur-bound dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) hydrolyses slowly in complexes of platinum; incorporation of DMSO into molecular species such as [Pt(diamine)(DMSO)2]2+ results in water-soluble, less toxic derivatives with equivalent chemotherapeutic activity of those of the parent chloro-complexes.
Data Flow Analysis in the Presence of Procedure Calls (1977)

The aliasing that results in a variable being known by more than one name has greatly complicated efforts to derive data flow information. The approach we take involves the use of a series of claims that, after we compute the data flow for some of the aliasing possibilities, allows us to produce good approximations for the remaining cases. The method can thus limit the potential combinatorial explosion of aliasing computations while providing results that are frequently exact and almost always very good. The method is illustrated in the context of data flow analysis involving multiple procedures and their calling interactions. It is applicable also in the treatment of recursive procedures.