gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
REMOVAL OF TITAN YELLOW DYE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY POLYANILINE/Fe3O4 NANOCOMPOSITE (2016)

The efficiency of polyaniline/Fe3O4 (PANI/Fe3O4) nanocomposite (NC) as an adsorbent was investigated in the removal of Titan yellow (TY) dye from aqueous solution. The PANI/Fe3O4 was synthesized by polymerization of aniline in H2SO4 medium in the presence of Fe3O4 nanoparticles with ammonium persulfate as an oxidant. The NC formed was characterized by SEM and FT-IR methods. The dye removal process was studied under various conditions and was found that the adsorption activity of the PANI/Fe3O4 NC was greater than that of the bare PANI and Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Adsorption kinetics fitted with pseudo-first-order kinetic model.
Switching mechanism of double forming process phenomenon in ZrOx/HfOy bilayer resistive switching memory structure with large endurance (2014)

In this Letter, the mechanism of double forming process phenomenon revealing in ZrO2/HfO2 bilayer resistive random access memory structure is investigated. This phenomenon caused by the formation of TiON interfacial layer can be well explained by using the energy band diagram. The TiON interfacial layer will be a tunneling barrier during the first forming process when a negative voltage applied on the device, while it will breakdown when applying a positive voltage. Besides, due to the double forming process, an asymmetric conductive filament with narrower size at ZrO2/HfO2 interface is formed in the device. The point for formation and rupture of the conductive filament can be confined at the ZrO2/HfO2 interface, and it will suppress the consumption of oxygen ions during endurance test. Therefore, high speed (40 ns) and large endurance (107 cycles) characteristics are achieved in this device structure.
ChemInform Abstract: REGIOSELECTIVE METALATION OF PHENYLCYCLOPROPANE AND SMOOTH ADDITION OF 1‐PHENYLCYCLOPROPYL POTASSIUM TO ETHYLENE (1981)

Abstract Zur Diskussion des Zusammenhangs von Struktur und Acidität bei Wasserstoff/Metall‐Austauschprozessen werden diese an Phenylcyclopropan (III) durchgeführt.
Maca Lepidium meyenii (2003)

Buddleja globosa has been found to contain flavonoids, phenylethanoids, iridoids, sesquiterpenes, diterepens and triterpenoids. In vitro tests have shown that the flavonoids and phenylethanoids have activities related to the traditional use of the leaves for wound healing and for liver ailments. The sesquiterpenoids present have antifungal properties and anti-inflammatory properties and an extract has shown antiplasmodial activity which warrants further investigation to determine the compounds responsible. Resumen: En Buddleja globosa se ha encontrado que contiene flavonoides, feniletanoides, iridoides, sesquiterpenos, diterepenos y triterpenoides. En analisis in vitro se ha mostrado que los flavonoides y feniletanoides tienen las actividades relacionadas al 4 Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmacy, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NN, UK. Email: peter.houghton@kcl.ac.uk uso tradicional de las hojas para la curacion de las herida y para las dolencias mas fuertes. Los sesquiterpenoides presentes tiene propiedades antihongos y propiedades antiinflamatorias y un extracto ha mostrado actividad antiplasmodial que garantiza la investigacion extensa para determinar los compuestos responsable.
Effect of baclofen on sleep‐related periodic leg movements (1984)

Five patients with nocturnal myoclonus (periodic leg movements during sleep), mean age 59.6 years, were monitored polygraphically for fifteen successive nights. Using a double-blind drug study design with placebo at baseline, we investigated the effect of baclofen on these patients. All patients had the repetitive sleep-related abnormal movements during both the baseline nights and those on which baclofen had been administered. The number of movements varied during the four baseline nights, but the movements induced sleep fragmentation, i.e., very short electroencephalographic changes. Baclofen increased the number of movements but decreased their amplitude during non-rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and shortened the interval between movements. Its effect on sleep was dose related: as dosages increased, delta sleep progressively increased and REM sleep decreased. Sleep fragmentation resulting from muscle twitches decreased, as indicated by the diminution in alpha electroencephalographic arousals and K complexes. Baclofen dosages of 20 mg and 40 mg were the most efficacious.
Fair coalitions for power-aware routing in wireless networks (2004)

Several power aware routing schemes have been developed under the assumption that nodes are willing to sacrifice their power reserves in the interest of the network as a whole. But, in several applications of practical utility, nodes are organized in groups, and as a result a node is willing to sacrifice in the interest of other nodes in its group but not necessarily for nodes outside its group. Such groups arise naturally as sets of nodes associated with a single owner or task. We consider the premise that groups will share resources with other groups only if each group experiences a reduction in power consumption. When this is the case the groups may form a coalition in which they route each other's packets. We demonstrate that sharing between groups has different properties from sharing between individuals and investigate fair mutually-beneficial sharing between groups. In particular, we propose a Pareto-efficient condition for group sharing based on max-min fairness called fair coalition routing. We propose distributed algorithms for computing the fair coalition routing. Using these algorithms we demonstrate that fair coalition routing allows different groups to mutually beneficially share their resources.
A STUDY OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY CHANGES IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES IN A TERTIARY CARE LEVEL HOSPITAL (2023)

Introduction: One of the most signicant non-communicable illness public health issues is diabetes. Compared to 180 million in 1980, 422 million persons worldwide had diabetes in 2012. Diabetes contributed to 1.5 million fatalities in 2012 and an additional 2.2 million deaths were related to those with blood glucose levels that were higher than ideal, raising the risk for CVD. Aims: To identify any abnormalities in the echocardiograms of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients visiting the outpatient clinic. Materials and Methods: Result: In our study, 23 % of study population having HbA1c in the range 7 - 8.5%, 19.5% of patients had HbA1c < 7% and 30% of patients had > 17%. We found that the incidence of diastolic dysfunction is lower in the group of patients with HbA1c 7 - 8.5 and increased occurrence in groups with HbA1c > 8.5. Conclusion: The widespread medical condition known as type 2 diabetes leads to a number of consequences. It is a signicant contributor to cardiovascular mortality and the rise in heart failure incidence
Characterization of Placenta Derived Adherent Cells (PDAC): A Novel Type of Stem Cells Isolated from Human Placenta. (2006)

Abstract The placenta is a rich source of ethically non-controversial stem cells. In this work, we describe the development of procedures to isolate and culture adherent stem cells from a full term, postpartum human placenta (Placenta Derived Adherent Cells, PDACs). PDACs are isolated from the placenta by one of several methods including physical disruption of tissue from several different anatomical sites within the placenta that include the amniotic membrane, chorion, cord, placental cotyledons, or any combination thereof. PDACs were established in a medium containing low concentrations of fetal calf serum and limited growth factors. Flow cytometry analysis showed that PDACs isolated from certain sites exhibit phenotypes, including for example CD200+ CD105+ CD73+ CD34− CD45− at percentages ≥70%. We found that PDACs differentiate down the adipocyte, chondrocyte and osteocyte lineages. In an induction medium containing IBMX, insulin, dexamethasone and indomethacin, PDACs turned into fat laden adipocytes in 3 to 5 weeks. Under osteogenic induction culture conditions, PDACs were found to form bone nodules and have calcium depositions in their extracellular matrix. Chondrogenic differentiation of PDACs was performed in micropellets and was confirmed by formation of glycosaminoglycan in the tissue aggregates. In addition, we showed that PDACs suppress an MLR consisting of suitable effectors (T cells or NK cells) and target populations (allogeneic irradiated PBMCs or mature DCs). The range of suppression of T cell proliferation was 50 to 95 %. The observed suppression of the MLR is likely cell-to-cell contact dependent in the range of 20%. In summary, the PDACs described herein exhibit in vitro properties of pluripotent stem cells. The placenta is an excellent raw material for the isolation of stem cells.
Fibroblast responses to variation in soft tissue mobilization pressure (1999)

The morphological evidence indicated that the application of heavy pressure promoted the healing process to a greater degree than light or moderate pressure.
Update rewriting and integrity constraint maintenance in a schema evolution support system (2010)

Supporting legacy applications when the database schema evolves represents a long-standing challenge of practical and theoretical importance. Recent work has produced algorithms and systems that automate the process of data migration and query adaptation; however, the problems of evolving integrity constraints and supporting legacy updates under schema and integrity constraints evolution are significantly more difficult and have thus far remained unsolved. In this paper, we address this issue by introducing a formal evolution model for the database schema structure and its integrity constraints, and use it to derive update mapping techniques akin to the rewriting techniques used for queries. Thus, we (i) propose a new set of Integrity Constraints Modification Operators (ICMOs), (ii) characterize the impact on integrity constraints of structural schema changes, (iii) devise representations that enable the rewriting of updates, and (iv) develop a unified approach for query and update rewriting under constraints. We then describe the implementation of these techniques provided by our PRISM++ system. The effectiveness of PRISM++ and its enabling technology has been verified on a testbed containing evolution histories of several scientific databases and web information systems, including the Genetic DB Ensembl (410+ schema versions in 9 years), and Wikipedia (240+ schema versions in 6 years).
<title>Intracavity laser-beam control and formation</title> (1998)

The results of intracavity beam correction and formation by active bimorph mirror are presented in this paper. Different types of lasers were used to show the efficiency of such method of laser beam control. Also, the possibility to improve beam quality parameter of YAG and copper-vapor lasers is shown.
Nonselective destruction of murine neoplastic cells by syngeneic tumoricidal macrophages. (1985)

The purpose of these studies was to select in vitro tumor cells that were resistant to macrophage-mediated lysis. Seven different heterogeneous murine neoplasms (four fibrosarcomas, a melanoma, a rhabdomyosarcoma, and an osteogenic sarcoma) and one cloned line of a fibrosarcoma were incubated in vitro with syngeneic tumoricidal macrophages. Surviving tumor cells were recovered and expanded to undergo subsequent interaction with tumoricidal macrophages. After six sequential interactions, all cell lines were examined for their susceptibility to lysis mediated by murine peritoneal exudate macrophages activated with liposomes containing muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine. In all eight systems, no significant differences were detected between the parent tumor cells and cells that survived the sequential interactions. Neither macrophage infiltration into s.c. tumors nor the experimental or spontaneous metastatic potentials of the parental tumors differed from the lines established by cells surviving macrophage-mediated lysis. Collectively, the data suggest that tumor cell destruction by activated macrophages is nonselective and does not lead to the development of resistant tumor cells nor to cells with altered metastatic properties.
A<sub>2A</sub>adenosine receptor: a novel therapeutic target in renal disease (2002)

Present strategies in the treatment of inflammatory renal injury have focused on developing agents that specifically target individual mechanisms thought to contribute toward the pathogenesis of the disease. Such an approach is hindered by redundancies in the inflammatory cascade, rendering intervention suboptimal. The A(2A) adenosine receptor (A(2A)-AR) is a member of the family of guanine nucleotide binding proteins and has become a focus of major interest primarily because of its ability to broadly inactivate the inflammatory cascade. This review summarizes our present knowledge regarding the molecular biology and pharmacology of A(2A)-ARs as well as the physiological effects of activation of A(2A)-ARs in the kidney. We also review our recent experience in targeting this receptor subtype in abrogating the inflammatory cascade in ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Loss-of-function genetic diseases and the concept of pharmaceutical targets (2007)

The biomedical world relies heavily on the definition of pharmaceutical targets as an essential step in the drug design process. It is therefore tempting to apply this model to genetic diseases as well. However, whereas the model applies well to gain-of-function genetic diseases, it is less suited to most loss-of-function genetic diseases. Most common diseases, as well as gain-of-function genetic diseases, are characterized by the activation of specific pathways or the ectopic activity of proteins, which make well identified targets. By contrast, loss-of-function genetic diseases are caused by the impairment of one protein, with potentially distributed consequences. For such diseases, the definition of a pharmaceutical target is less precise, and the identification of pharmaceutically-relevant targets may be difficult. This critical but largely ignored aspect of loss-of-function genetic diseases should be taken into consideration to avoid the commitment of resources to inappropriate strategies in the search for treatments.
Levels of Interferon α and γ in Seminal Plasma of Normozoospermic, Oligozoospermic, and Azoospermic Men (1998)

The functions of the interferons in the testis are unclear. We investigated the role of interferon alpha and gamma in the seminal plasma on spermatogenesis. The levels of interferon alpha and gamma were determined in the seminal plasma of 101 males including normozoospermic (n = 31), oligozoospermic (n = 57) and azoospermic men (n = 13). The correlation between such levels and clinical parameter (seminogram and serum hormone levels) was evaluated. The seminal plasma level of interferon alpha (92.0 + 110.3 ng/mL) in the normozoospermic men was significantly lower than that of oligozoospermic men (162.4 +/- 130.3 ng/mL) (p < .05). The three groups (normozoospermic, oligozoospermic, and azoospermic group) did not differ as to the level of interferon gamma. No significant correlations were observed between the levels of interferon alpha or gamma in seminal plasma and the serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, prolactin, or estradiol. Theses results suggest that the level of interferon alpha in the seminal plasma may be related to sperm production.
A 60 GHz same-channel full-duplex CMOS transceiver and link based on reconfigurable polarization-based antenna cancellation (2015)

This paper describes a direct-conversion 45nm SOI CMOS 60 GHz transceiver for same-channel full duplex applications. A novel polarization-based wideband self-interference cancellation (SIC) technique in the antenna domain is described that can be reconfigured from the IC. In order to achieve the high levels of required SIC, a second RF cancellation path from the transmitter output to the LNA output with >30 dB gain control and >360° phase control is also integrated. The TX and RX share the same LO to reduce the impact of phase noise on SIC. Antenna and RF cancellation together enable >70 dB of total self-interference suppression even in the presence of nearby reflectors. In conjuction with digital SIC impemented in MATLAB, a same-channel full-duplex link is demonstrated over 0.7 m. To the best of our knowledge, this work demonstrates the first fully-integrated full-duplex transceiver front-end and mm-wave link. While not our focus, the transceiver also achieves state-of-the-art saturated output power of +15 dBm, peak TX efficiency of 15.3% and RX NF of 4 dB.
Synthesis of the [<sup>2</sup>H]-labelled urinary lignans, enterolactone and enterodiol, and the phytoestrogen daidzein and its metabolites equol and O-demethyl-angolensin (1986)

Methods are described for the synthesis of [2H6]enterolactone, {[2H6]-trans-2,3-bis(3-hydroxybenzyl)-γ-butyrolactone}, [2H6]enterodiol, {[2H6]-2,3-bis(3-hydroxybenzyl)butane-1,4-diol}, [2H4]daidzein, {[2H4]-7-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one}, [2H4]equol, {[2H4]-3(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-7-ol}, and [2H5]-O-demethylangolensin,{[2H6]-1-(2′,4′-dihydroxy-2-(p-hydroxyphenyl)propiophenone} by hydrogen–deuterium exchange at aromatic rings using PBr3 or NaOD in deuterium oxide or labelled trifluoroacetic acid. The structures, isotopic purities and positions of uptake of deuterium were determined by n.m.r. and mass spectrometry (m.s.)
Prevention of myocardial infarctions, using non-invasive biophotonics measurement of biomarker cardiac troponin I. (2010)

Coronary Heart Disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Myocardial Infarctions are one of the most frequent cardiovascular diseases. This research aims to design a non-invasive heart attack detection system based on biphotonic measurements. Several methods such as ECG monitoring, Florescence and Raman Spectroscopy are evaluated and Raman Spectroscopy is chosen due to advantages in sensitivity and efficiency. Since cTnI test is the current gold standard in diagnosing MI, the initial part of this research is based on comprehensive study of this protein. In this research Raman spectra of cTnI is measured and after assessment of possible adjustments to noise level, SERS method is used to obtain the enhanced spectra and consequently a unique cTnI Raman signature. Due to low biological concentrations and low SNR, the spectra are measured in higher concentrations. Finally, a conceptual Raman design is proposed as a part of the instrumentation study of the system.
Occurrence of Two 5-Aminolevulinate Biosynthetic Pathways in <i>Streptomyces nodosus</i> subsp. <i>asukaensis</i> Is Linked with the Production of Asukamycin (2006)

We report the results of cloning genes for two key biosynthetic enzymes of different 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) biosynthetic routes from Streptomyces. The genes encode the glutamyl-tRNAGlu reductase (GluTR) of the C5 pathway and the ALA synthase (ALAS) of the Shemin pathway. While Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) synthesizes ALA via the C5 route, both pathways are operational in Streptomyces nodosus subsp. asukaensis, a producer of asukamycin. In this strain, the C5 route produces ALA for tetrapyrrole biosynthesis; the ALA formed by the Shemin pathway serves as a precursor of the 2-amino-3-hydroxycyclopent-2-enone moiety (C5N unit), an antibiotic component. The growth of S. nodosus and S. coelicolor strains deficient in the GluTR genes (gtr) is strictly dependent on ALA or heme supplementation, whereas the defect in the ALAS-encoding gene (hemA-asuA) abolishes the asukamycin production in S. nodosus. The recombinant hemA-asuA gene was expressed in Escherichia coli and in Streptomyces, and the encoded enzyme activity was demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro. The hemA-asuA gene is situated within a putative cluster of asukamycin biosynthetic genes. This is the first report about the cloning of genes for two different ALA biosynthetic routes from a single bacterium.
Finite array of printed dipoles with a dielectric cover (1987)

An array of printed dipoles with a dielectric cover is analysed. The antenna currents are determined by solving an integral equation based on the exact Green's function for the layered structure. An approximative method applicable to very large arrays is described. The parameters of an array consisting of five parallel radiation-supplied dipoles are determined.
Nephrotic Syndrome Caused by Immune-Mediated Acquired LCAT Deficiency (2013)

Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) is an enzyme involved in maintaining cholesterol homeostasis. In familial LCAT deficiency (FLD), abnormal lipid deposition causes renal injury and nephrotic syndrome, frequently progressing to ESRD. Here, we describe a 63-year-old Japanese woman with no family history of renal disease who presented with nephrotic syndrome. The laboratory data revealed an extremely low level of serum HDL and undetectable serum LCAT activity. Renal biopsy showed glomerular lipid deposition with prominent accumulation of foam cells, similar to the histologic findings of FLD. In addition, she had subepithelial electron-dense deposits compatible with membranous nephropathy, which are not typical of FLD. A mixing test and coimmunoprecipitation study demonstrated the presence of an inhibitory anti-LCAT antibody in the patient's serum. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence detected LCAT along parts of the glomerular capillary walls, suggesting that LCAT was an antigen responsible for the membranous nephropathy. Treatment with steroids resulted in complete remission of the nephrotic syndrome, normalization of serum LCAT activity and HDL level, and disappearance of foam cell accumulation in renal tissue. In summary, inhibitory anti-LCAT antibody can lead to glomerular lesions similar to those observed in FLD.
Maturation-dependent glycoproteins containing both N- and O-linked oligosaccharides in epididymal sperm plasma membrane of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) (2000)

Abstract Glycosylation is one of the important post-translational modifications of sperm plasma membrane proteins during the maturation of epididymal spermatozoa that results in the development of motility and fertilizing capability. The aim of the present study was to identify and characterize the maturation-dependent asparagine-linked (N-linked) and serine- and threonine-linked (O-linked) glycoproteins of the epididymal spermatozoa of rhesus monkeys. The presence of N- and O-linked glycoproteins was confirmed by treatment of sperm membranes with N-glycosidase F and O-glycosidase. The major maturation-dependent sperm membrane glycoproteins identified on blots of SDS-PAGE-fractionated proteins of purified sperm plasma membranes from five segments of epididymis, probed with biotinylated lectins and Vectastain-ABC reagent included O-linked 170, 150, 86 and 60/58 kDa glycoproteins; N-linked 68, 56, 48 and 38 kDa glycoproteins and N- and O-linked 116 kDa glycoprotein, all of which exhibited marked differences in the degree of glycosylation between immature and mature sperm surfaces. These glycoproteins can be used as markers of sperm maturation in the epididymis of rhesus monkeys, during the screening of antifertility agents acting at the epididymis, or may be developed as potential sperm antigens. The 100% inhibition of fertility in female rats and rabbits immunized with major maturation-dependent 116 kDa glycoprotein showed the significance of glycosylation changes in the maturation status of epididymal spermatozoa. This 116 kDa protein can be used as a marker parameter of sperm maturation in the rhesus monkey, which is often the preferred animal model for preclinical studies. These results will contribute to the identification of an appropriate animal model for the development of male contraceptives in humans.