gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic changes in murine forebrain miR-211 expression associate with cholinergic imbalances and epileptiform activity (2017)

Epilepsy is a common neurological disease, manifested in unprovoked recurrent seizures. Epileptogenesis may develop due to genetic or pharmacological origins or following injury, but it remains unclear how the unaffected brain escapes this susceptibility to seizures. Here, we report that dynamic changes in forebrain microRNA (miR)-211 in the mouse brain shift the threshold for spontaneous and pharmacologically induced seizures alongside changes in the cholinergic pathway genes, implicating this miR in the avoidance of seizures. We identified miR-211 as a putative attenuator of cholinergic-mediated seizures by intersecting forebrain miR profiles that were Argonaute precipitated, synaptic vesicle target enriched, or differentially expressed under pilocarpine-induced seizures, and validated TGFBR2 and the nicotinic antiinflammatory acetylcholine receptor nAChRa7 as murine and human miR-211 targets, respectively. To explore the link between miR-211 and epilepsy, we engineered dTg-211 mice with doxycycline-suppressible forebrain overexpression of miR-211. These mice reacted to doxycycline exposure by spontaneous electrocorticography-documented nonconvulsive seizures, accompanied by forebrain accumulation of the convulsive seizures mediating miR-134. RNA sequencing demonstrated in doxycycline-treated dTg-211 cortices overrepresentation of synaptic activity, Ca<sup>2+</sup> transmembrane transport, TGFBR2 signaling, and cholinergic synapse pathways. Additionally, a cholinergic dysregulated mouse model overexpressing a miR refractory acetylcholinesterase-R splice variant showed a parallel propensity for convulsions, miR-211 decreases, and miR-134 elevation. Our findings demonstrate that in mice, dynamic miR-211 decreases induce hypersynchronization and nonconvulsive and convulsive seizures, accompanied by expression changes in cholinergic and TGFBR2 pathways as well as in miR-134. Realizing the importance of miR-211 dynamics opens new venues for translational diagnosis of and interference with epilepsy.
Acoustic behavior of large encapsulated gas bubbles with resonance frequencies in the 50 to 100 Hz range (2010)

A one-dimensional resonator technique was used to investigate the acoustic behavior of water containing large spherical and toroidal encapsulated air bubbles. Tethered balloons and inner tubes, respectively, were used to create the bubbles, which had effective spherical radii of approximately 5 cm. The number of balloons or inner tubes varied from 3 to 6, which resulted in void fractions from 1.5% to 5%. Effective mixture sound speeds for both shapes were inferred from the resonances of a water and bubble-filled waveguide 1.8 meters in length. For the spherical bubbles, the Commander and Prosperetti (CP) model [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 85, 732--746 (1989)] quantitatively described the measured sound speed dispersion approaching the individual bubble resonance frequency, and qualitatively predicted the frequency range of high attenuation, even in this regime of high void fractions and discrete bubble distribution within the waveguide. Qualitative agreement was found between the CP model and the toroidal bubble measurements. Finite-element simulations of both experiments were performed, which help explain the discrepancy between the model and the spherical bubble measurements. [Work supported by Shell.]
Post‐transcriptional control of <i><scp>GRF</scp></i> transcription factors by micro<scp>RNA</scp> miR396 and <scp>GIF</scp> co‐activator affects leaf size and longevity (2014)

The growth-regulating factors (GRFs) are plant-specific transcription factors. They form complexes with GRF-interacting factors (GIFs), a small family of transcriptional co-activators. In Arabidopsis thaliana, seven out of the nine GRFs are controlled by microRNA miR396. Analysis of Arabidopsis plants carrying a GRF3 allele insensitive to miR396 revealed a strong boost in the number of cells in leaves, which was further enhanced synergistically by an additional increase of GIF1 levels. Genetic experiments revealed that GRF3 can still increase cell number in gif1 mutants, albeit to a much lesser extent. Genome-wide transcript profiling indicated that the simultaneous increase of GRF3 and GIF1 levels causes additional effects in gene expression compared to either of the transgenes alone. We observed that GIF1 interacts in vivo with GRF3, as well as with chromatin-remodeling complexes, providing a mechanistic explanation for the synergistic activities of a GRF3-GIF1 complex. Interestingly, we found that, in addition to the leaf size, the GRF system also affects the organ longevity. Genetic and molecular analysis revealed that the functions of GRFs in leaf growth and senescence can be uncoupled, demonstrating that the miR396-GRF-GIF network impinges on different stages of leaf development. Our results integrate the post-transcriptional control of the GRF transcription factors with the progression of leaf development.
Ion Mobility Shift of Isotopologues in a High Kinetic Energy Ion Mobility Spectrometer (HiKE-IMS) at Elevated Effective Temperatures (2020)

Ion mobility spectrometers (IMS) separate ions mainly by ion-neutral collision cross section and to a lesser extent by ion mass and effective temperature. When investigating isotopologues, the difference in collision cross section can be assumed negligible. Since the mobility shift of isotopologues is thus mainly caused by their difference in mass and effective temperature, the investigation of isotopologues can provide important insights into the theory of ion mobility. However, in classical IMS operated at ambient pressure, cluster formation with neutral molecules occurs, which significantly influences the mobility shift of isotopologues and thus makes a sound investigation of the effect of ion mass and effective temperature on the ion mobility difficult. In this work, the relative ion mobility of several organic compounds and their <sup>13</sup>C-labeled isotopologues is studied in a High Kinetic Energy Ion Mobility Spectrometer (HiKE-IMS) at high reduced electric fields up to 120 Td, which allows the investigation of nonclustered ion species and thus enables a sound investigation of the mobility shift of isotopologues. The results show that the measured relative ion mobilities of isotopologues having the same effective temperature and, thus, their ion mass dominating the relative ion mobility agree well with theoretical relative ion mobilities predicted by the theory of ion mobility.
Targeted laser therapy synergistically enhances efficacy of antibiotics against multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms (2019)

The growing prevalence of biofilm-associated multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria necessitates the innovation of non-traditional approaches to improve the effectiveness of mainstay antibiotics. Here, we evaluated the use of gold nanoparticle (GNP)-targeted pulsed laser therapy to enhance antibiotic efficacy against in vitro methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. Treatment with antibody-conjugated GNPs followed by nanosecond-pulsed laser irradiation at 532 nm (~1.0 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) dispersed 96-99% of the biofilms relative to controls. GNP-targeted laser therapy combined with gentamicin or amikacin caused a synergistic 4- and 5-log reduction in the viability of MRSA and P. aeruginosa biofilms, respectively, whereas GNP-targeted laser therapy or antibiotics alone decreased biofilm viability by only ~1 log. Notably, GNP-targeted laser therapy was able to increase the antibiotic susceptibility of the biofilms to the level of drug sensitivity observed in planktonic MRSA and P. aeruginosa cultures, further indicating effective biofilm dispersal via this novel approach.
Wing kinematics and aerodynamics of a hovering flapping Micro Aerial Vehicle (2011)

Biological Inspiration for the design of flapping wing vehicles has been the source of numerous design efforts in the field of Micro Aerial Vehicle (MAV) development. For flapping flight in small birds and insects, high lift generation is typically a result of unsteady fluid flow phenomena. Our previous studies have conceptualized and demonstrated how a dragonfly inspired Quad-Winged Vehicle (QV) can produce higher energy efficiency and increase payload capacity on-board an MAV. The objective of this paper is to further improve on the in-flight aerodynamic efficiency of MAVs and propose improved flapping configuration and kinematics of a light weight wing to enhance lift and aerodynamic efficiency during hovering flight. This paper presents a series of experimental and computational results in the form of performance plots comparing the effects of wing orientation, flapping kinematics: frequency / amplitude and wing feathering, all of which influence the lift and drag generated by the MAV.
Triac Dimmable Integrated Compact Fluorescent Lamp (1998)

(1998). Triac Dimmable Integrated Compact Fluorescent Lamp. Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society: Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 144-151.
An Instruction-Driven Adaptive Clock Management Through Dynamic Phase Scaling and Compiler Assistance for a Low Power Microprocessor (2019)

This paper presents an instruction-driven adaptive clock management scheme using a dynamic phase scaling (DPS) operation and compiler-assisted cross-layer design methodology for a low power microprocessor. The intrinsic instruction-level timing variation is explored on an ARMv7 ISA pipeline architecture. The clock period can be dynamically adjusted by a multi-phase all-digital PLL, with the timing encoded into the instruction set at the compiler level. Special compiler optimization schemes are also presented through reorganizing the runtime instruction sequences to better exploit the dynamic timing slack. In addition, an instruction timing calibration scheme is proposed to characterize the instruction delay under process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) variations, which can be integrated with the conventional dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS). The implementation of 55-nm CMOS process shows a 20% performance improvement from the proposed instruction-driven adaptive clock management. The performance improvement can be equivalently converted up to 32% energy saving benefit.
X-ray diffraction wafer mapping method for SiGe twin defects characterization (2011)

Group IV semiconductors, silicon, germanium, and carbon are today's most important cubic diamond structure forming semiconductors. A recently developed rhombohedral super-hetero epitaxy technology has enabled the single-crystal growth of cubic diamond semiconductors on the basal plane of selected trigonal crystals. This kind of hetero-crystal-structure epitaxy was previously thought to be impossible or very difficult to grow. We found this apparent lacuna in the earlier studies to be stemming from the lack of a proper characterization tool and a deficit in the knowledge of growth parameters employed. Here, we present X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods for characterizing twin crystal defects in the rhombohedral-trigonal epitaxy scheme. These XRD methods not only measure the total density of the twin defect crystals but also map their distribution on the wafer with high sensitivity and spatial resolution.
Epsilon-near-zero and metasurface optics in extreme optical fiber platforms (Conference Presentation) (2019)

Metasurfaces that can refract and focus light in unique ways provide the opportunity for advanced light manipulation and development of novel applications. Due to the flat nature of metasurfaces (typical thickness < 100nm), conventional three-dimensional optical elements such as prisms or lenses could be replaced by flat, low-profile, and low-cost versions. In addition, the optical response of near-zero refractive index metasurface systems, i.e., vanishing permittivity and permeability values, have been shown to exhibit unique optical properties. Those features can be exploited in various optical applications such as wavefront engineering, radiation pattern tailoring, non-reciprocal magneto-optical effects, nonlinear ultrafast optical switching, and broadband perfect absorption. However, most of the studies on epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) optical properties are limited to the excitation of ENZ mode in the planar structures or meta-surfaces with short interaction length, restricting the excitation platform for novel optical device applications. In this talk, I will report a novel optical waveguide design of a hollow step index fiber modified with a thin layer of conducting oxide epsilon-near-zero materials. We show an excitation of highly confined waveguide mode in the proposed fiber near the wavelength where permittivity of conducting oxide material approaches zero [1]. I will present our study on "meta"-optical fiber by integrating metasurfaces with optical fibers to develop novel and ultracompact in-fiber optical devices such as an optical fiber metalens and color filter [2,3]. These advanced "meta"/ENZ-optical fibers open the path to revolutionary in-fiber optical imaging and communication devices. 1. K. Minn, A. Anopchenko, J. Yang, H. W. Lee, "Excitation of epsilon-near-zero resonance in ultra-thin indium tin oxide shell embedded nanostructured optical fiber," Nature Scientific Reports 8, 2342 (2018). 2. J. Yang, I Ghirmire, P. C. Wu, S. Gurung, C. Arndt, D. P. Tsai, H. W. Lee, "Photonic crystal fiber metalens", submitted (2018). 3. Indra Ghimire, Jingyi Yang, Sudip Gurung, Satyendra K. Mishra and Ho Wai Howard Lee," Polarization dependent photonic crystal fiber color filter using asymmetric metasurfaces," Submitted (2018)
Simultaneous determination of silica and alumina in bulk bauxite samples by fast neutron activation (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSimultaneous determination of silica and alumina in bulk bauxite samples by fast neutron activationMihai. Borsaru and Peter L. EislerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1981, 53, 12, 1751–1754Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00235a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00235a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views44Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
In vitro evaluation of a novel fiducial marker for computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of soft tissues in small animals (2014)

A marker containing a 10% solution of iodinated contrast medium mixed with water provided ideal contrast for both CT and MRI.
Photoinduced electron transfer in supramolecular complexes of a π-extended viologen with porphyrin monomer and dimer (2012)

A π-extended viologen has been synthesized, forming supramolecular complexes with a freebase tetraphenylporphyrin (H2TPP) and the cofacial porphyrin dimer with an anthracene spacer [H4(DPA)] through π–π interaction in benzonitrile (PhCN). Formation of the H2TPP-BHV2+ supramolecular complex was probed by UV-vis and fluorescence spectra. The fluorescence of H2TPP was strongly quenched by electron transfer from the singlet excited state (1H2TPP*) to BHV2+ in the supramolecular complex. The transient absorption spectrum of the charge-separated (CS) state (H2TPP•+ and BHV•+) was successfully detected by the laser flash photolysis measurements of the H2TPP-BHV2+ supramolecular complex in PhCN. The lifetime of the CS state of the supramolecular complex was determined as 0.37 ms in PhCN at 298 K. The H4(DPA)-BHV2+ supramolecular complex was formed with a larger formation constant as compared to the H2TPP-BHV2+ supramolecular complex because of the stronger π–π interaction of BHV2+ with the cofacial porphyrin dimer and the lifetime of the CS state was determined to be 0.59 ms in PhCN at 298 K.
Metal–Organic Framework Membranes: From Fabrication to Gas Separation (2018)

Gas membrane-based separation is considered one of the most effective technologies to address energy efficiency and large footprint challenges. Various classes of advanced materials, including polymers, zeolites, porous carbons, and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been investigated as potential suitable candidates for gas membrane-based separations. MOFs possess a uniquely tunable nature in which the pore size and environment can be controlled by connecting metal ions (or metal ion clusters) with organic linkers of various functionalities. This unique characteristic makes them attractive for the fabrication of thin membranes, as both the diffusion and solubility components of permeability can be altered. Numerous studies have been published on the synthesis and applications of MOFs, as well as the fabrication of MOF-based thin films. However, few studies have addressed their gas separation properties for potential applications in membrane-based separation technologies. Here, we present a synopsis of the different types of MOF-based membranes that have been fabricated over the past decade. In this review, we start with a short introduction touching on the gas separation membrane technology. We also shed light on the various techniques developed for the fabrication of MOF as membranes, and the key challenges that still need to be tackled before MOF-based membranes can successfully be used in gas separation and implemented in an industrial setting.
Amino- and Hydroxytetraphenylporphyrins with Activity against the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (1992)

A series of amino- and hydroxytetraphenylporphyrin derivatives was found to have activity against the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Activity tends to be associated with increased hydrophilicity of the porphyrins for the porphyrins with one substituent on each phenyl ring but there is no clear pattern for the porphyrins with two substituents on each phenyl ring. The antiviral activity of certain porphyrins has been demonstrated in the absence of light, suggesting a non-photochemical process. Whereas only some of the porphyrins that inhibit HIV-1 in culture inhibit HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in a cell-free system, none of those tested inhibit DNA polymerase α.
A new generation of optical systems with φ-polynomial surfaces (2010)

Recent advances have made it viable to fabricate optical surfaces that are not rotationally symmetric using a new generation of diamond-turning machines. These surfaces can greatly extend the field of view of optical systems and provide compact solutions. Through the use of optimization and analysis methods that track aberration content throughout the field of view, two non-rotationally symmetric designs that provide a compact mirror based geometry with a 10 degree full field of view are presented and compared. It is shown that a φ-polynomial surface provides superior optical performance to an anamorphic asphere because the surface can be made comatic.
Quantitation of Femtomolar Protein Levels via Direct Readout with the Electrochemical Proximity Assay (2012)

We have developed a separation-free, electrochemical assay format with direct readout that is amenable to highly sensitive and selective quantitation of a wide variety of target proteins. Our first generation of the electrochemical proximity assay (ECPA) is composed of two thrombin aptamers which form a cooperative complex only in the presence of target molecules, moving a methylene blue (MB)-conjugated oligonucleotide close to a gold electrode. Without washing steps, electrical current is increased in proportion to the concentration of a specific target protein. By employing a DNA-based experimental model with the aptamer system, we show that addition of a short DNA competitor can reduce background current of the MB peak to baseline levels. As such, the detection limit of aptamer-based ECPA for human thrombin was 50 pM via direct readout. The dual-probe nature of ECPA gave high selectivity and 93% recovery of signal from 2.5 nM thrombin in 2% bovine serum albumin (BSA). To greatly improve the flexibility of ECPA, we then proved the system functional with antibody-oligonucleotide conjugates as probes; the insulin detection limit was 128 fM with a dynamic range of over 4 orders of magnitude in concentration, again with high assay selectivity. ECPA thus allows separation-free, highly sensitive, and highly selective protein detection with a direct electrochemical readout. This method is extremely flexible, capable of detecting a wide variety of protein targets, and is amenable to point-of-care protein measurement, since any target with two aptamers or antibodies could be assayed via direct electrochemical readout.
Design space exploration and data memory architecture design for a hybrid nano/CMOS dynamically reconfigurable architecture (2009)

In recent years, research on nanotechnology has advanced rapidly. Novel nanodevices have been developed, such as those based on carbon nanotubes, nanowires, etc. Using these emerging nanodevices, diverse nanoarchitectures have been proposed. Among them, hybrid nano/CMOS reconfigurable architectures have attracted attention because of their advantages in performance, integration density, and fault tolerance. Recently, a high-performance hybrid nano/CMOS reconfigurable architecture, called NATURE, was presented. NATURE comprises CMOS reconfigurable logic and interconnect fabric, and CMOS-fabrication-compatible nanomemory. High-density, fast nano RAMs are distributed in NATURE as on-chip storage to store multiple reconfiguration copies for each reconfigurable element. It enables cycle-by-cycle runtime reconfiguration and a highly efficient computational model, called temporal logic folding. Through logic folding, NATURE provides more than an order of magnitude improvement in logic density and area-delay product, and significant design flexibility in performing area-delay trade-offs, at the same technology node. Moreover, NATURE can be fabricated using mainstream photolithography fabrication techniques. Hence, it offers a currently commercially viable reconfigurable architecture with high performance, superior logic density, and outstanding design flexibility, which is very attractive for deployment in cost-conscious embedded systems. In order to fully explore the potential of NATURE and further improve its performance, in this article, a thorough design space exploration is conducted to optimize its architecture. Investigations in terms of different logic element architectures, interconnect designs, and various technologies for nano RAMs are presented. Nano RAMs can not only be used as storage for configuration bits, but the high density of nano RAMs also makes them excellent candidates for large-capacity on-chip data storage in NATURE. Many logic- and memory-intensive applications, such as video and image processing, require large storage of temporal results. To enhance the capability of NATURE for implementing such applications, we investigate the design of nano data memory structures in NATURE and explore the impact of memory density. Experimental results demonstrate significant throughput improvements due to area saving from logic folding and parallel data processing.