gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Linear dependency of NMR relaxation rates on shear modulus in hydrogels (2011)

It is found that the NMR relaxation rates of diffusants in peptide hydrogels have a linear dependency on the shear modulus of the hydrogels. This finding opens the door for non-invasive and forceless mechanical characterizations of materials and tissues using NMR and MRI.
Microprocessor-Based Universal Motor Protection System (1981)

The design and development of' a universal controller for application to pipeline pumping motor control and protection is discussed. The work involved in the development of a prototype was presented in an earlier paper. Project activities, packaging, controller organization and programming for the development of a printed circuit version of the universal controller are presented. Future developments are discussed.
Bimodal Dynamic Imaging System for Embedded Inclusion Characterization (2016)

This paper presents a novel bimodal dynamic imaging (BDI) system for estimating the mechanical and spectral properties of an embedded inclusion. The BDI system consists of a near infrared laser diode as a source, a tactile imaging sensor (TIS) as a detector, and a mechanical scanning platform for dynamic positioning. The tactile imaging sensor includes a flexible and transparent sensing probe, a light module, and a camera. By combining the tactile, spectral, and dynamic position information, the BDI system can measure size, depth, elastic modulus, and absorption coefficient of an embedded inclusion. We validated the measurement method by a bimodal tissue phantom with an embedded inclusion of known mechanical and spectral properties. The mechanical properties measured with the BDI method was compared with the TIS measurements. The BDI method improved the size, depth, and elastic modulus estimation errors by 6.43%, 21.83%, and 22.01%, compared with the TIS method. We showed that the BDI method can be extended to determine chromophore concentrations using the lasers of multiple wavelengths.
Upregulation of miR-31* Is Negatively Associated with Recurrent/Newly Formed Oral Leukoplakia (2012)

Upregulation of miR-31* is negatively associated with recurrent/newly formed OLK. MiR-31* may exert similar but distinguishable effects on biological function in oral cells with different malignant potential. FGF3 is the target of miR-31*. miR-31* may play an important role during OLK progression through regulating FGF3. MiRNA* strands may also have prominent roles in oral carcinogenesis.
Immunologic Control of Tumors by In Vivo Fcγ Receptor-Targeted Antigen Loading in Conjunction with Double-Stranded RNA-Mediated Immune Modulation (2006)

Despite the expression of non-self or neo-epitopes, many tumors such as lymphoid malignancies or cancers induced by oncogenic viruses are able to gradually overcome the immune defense mechanisms and spread. Using a preclinical model of hematological malignancy, we show that Ig-associated idiotypic determinants are recognized by the immune system in a fashion that results in immune deviation, allowing tumor progression and establishment of metastases. Using gene-targeted mice, we show that anti-idiotypic MHC class I-restricted immunity is promoted by ITAM motif (ITAM+) FcgammaR, but kept in check by ITIM motif (ITIM+) FcgammaRIIB-mediated mechanisms. In addition to interfering with the functionality of ITIM+ FcgammaR, effective anti-idiotypic and antitumoral immunity can be achieved by FcgammaR-targeted delivery of epitope in conjunction with administration of stimulatory motifs such as dsRNA, correcting the ineffective response to idiotypic epitopes. The immune process initiated by FcgammaR-mediated targeting of epitope together with dsRNA, resulted in control of tumor growth, establishment of immune memory and protection against tumors bearing antigenic variants. In summary, targeted delivery of MHC class I-restricted epitopes via ITAM+ FcgammaR, in conjunction with use of TLR-binding immune stimulatory motifs such as dsRNA, overcomes suboptimal responses to idiotypic determinants and may constitute a novel approach for the treatment of a broad range of malignancies. Finally, the results shed light on the mechanisms regulating the idiotypic network and managing the diversity associated with immune receptors.
Video Anomaly Identification (2010)

This article describes a family of unsupervised approaches to video anomaly detection based on statistical activity analysis. Approaches based on activity analysis provide intriguing possibilities for region-of-interest (ROI) processing since relevant activities and their locations are detected prior to higher-level processing such as object tracking, tagging, and classification. This strategy is essential for scalability of video analysis to cluttered environments with a multitude of objects and activities. Activity analysis approaches typically do not involve object tracking, and yet they inherently account for spatiotemporal dependencies. They are robust to clutter arising from multiple activities and contamination arising from poor background subtraction or occlusions. They can sometimes also be employed for fusing activities from multiple cameras. We illustrate successful application of activity analysis to anomaly detection in various scenarios, including the detection of abandoned objects, crowds of people, and illegal U-turns.
ChemInform Abstract: Rates of Tritium Exchange in a Series of N‐Phenyl Substituted Pyrroles (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Cardiovascular responses to exhaustive upright cycle exercise in highly trained older men (1994)

It is unclear whether the markedly enhanced aerobic exercise capacity of older endurance-trained men relative to their sedentary age peers is mediated primarily by central or peripheral cardiovascular mechanisms. To address this question, we performed radionuclide ventriculography with respiratory gas exchange measurements during exhaustive upright cycle ergometry in 16 endurance-trained men aged 63 +/- 7 yr and in 35 untrained men of similar age. As expected, maximal O2 consumption during treadmill exercise was much higher in athletes than in controls. At rest and during fixed submaximal cycle work rates through 100 W, athletes demonstrated lower heart rates and greater stroke volume indexes than controls while maintaining similar cardiac indexes and O2 uptake (VO2). At exhaustion, athletes achieved 53% higher work rates and peak VO2 per kilogram body weight than the sedentary men. The higher peak VO2 in athletes was achieved by a 22.5% larger cardiac index and a 15.6% greater arteriovenous O2 difference. The larger peak cardiac index in the athletes than in sedentary controls was mediated entirely by a greater stroke volume index; peak heart rates were virtually identical. The athletes' greater stroke volume index was achieved through an 11% larger end-diastolic volume index and a 7% higher ejection fraction, both of borderline significance. At exhaustion, athletes demonstrated a lower systemic vascular resistance than controls, despite a higher value at rest. Athletes also showed greater exercise-induced increments in heart rate, stroke volume index, and cardiac index and a greater reduction in systemic vascular resistance from rest to maximal workload.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Oligomerization of oncoprotein p53 (1988)

Cellular phosphoprotein p53, which seems to be a multifunctional protein, may be assigned to different structural subclasses. Recently established immortalized or transformed cell lines that overexpress p53 allowed us to perform a detailed analysis of the quaternary structure of p53. By means of sucrose density gradient centrifugation, we found in simian virus 40-transformed cells that overexpress p53, in addition to high-molecular-weight T-p53 complexes, low-molecular-weight forms. The level of T-p53 complexes within simian virus 40-transformed cells seemed to be determined by the intracellular concentration of p53. However, the presence of uncomplexed T antigen and p53 indicated that an appropriate modification of at least one of the two proteins appears to be necessary for complex formation. Using different monoclonal antibodies that distinguish between (i) p53 associated with T antigen or heat shock proteins and (ii) p53 in apparently free form, we found p53 from transformed cells always in high-molecular-weight forms. p53 from normal and immortalized cells, however, was found mainly in low-molecular-weight forms. Pulse-labeling experiments revealed that oligomerization of p53 is a very rapid process. Monomeric forms of p53 which could be detected only by 2 min of pulse-labeling were rapidly converted to stable, high-molecular-weight oligomers. Furthermore, our data indicate a correlation between the occurrence of p53 in high-molecular-weight forms and the transformation state of the cell.
Enhanced Formaldehyde Detoxification by Overexpression of Glutathione-Dependent Formaldehyde Dehydrogenase from Arabidopsis (2003)

The ADH2 gene codes for the Arabidopsis glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FALDH), an enzyme involved in formaldehyde metabolism in eukaryotes. In the present work, we have investigated the potential role of FALDH in detoxification of exogenous formaldehyde. We have generated a yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) mutant strain (sfa1Delta) by in vivo deletion of the SFA1 gene that codes for the endogenous FALDH. Overexpression of Arabidopsis FALDH in this mutant confers high resistance to formaldehyde added exogenously, which demonstrates the functional conservation of the enzyme through evolution and supports its essential role in formaldehyde metabolism. To investigate the role of the enzyme in plants, we have generated Arabidopsis transgenic lines with modified levels of FALDH. Plants overexpressing the enzyme show a 25% increase in their efficiency to take up exogenous formaldehyde, whereas plants with reduced levels of FALDH (due to either a cosuppression phenotype or to the expression of an antisense construct) show a marked slower rate and reduced ability for formaldehyde detoxification as compared with the wild-type Arabidopsis. These results show that the capacity to take up and detoxify high concentrations of formaldehyde is proportionally related to the FALDH activity in the plant, revealing the essential role of this enzyme in formaldehyde detoxification.
Electrochemical performance of a fluidized bed electrode fuel cell with molten carbonate electrolyte (2014)

Molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) has been extensively studied and vigorously developed. However, the shortage in gas‐diffusion electrode limits its widely application to a large extent. Fluidized bed electrode (FBE) has been paid more and more attention all around the world due to its high mass and heat transfer coefficient. In this study, a novel fuel cell combined MCFC and FBE is proposed, which is called fluidized bed electrode fuel cell (FBEFC). Its polarization characteristics are fundamentally investigated under various experimental conditions. The optimal performance of the FBEFC is obtained under the following conditions with an open circuit voltage of 0.987 V and a peak power density of 39.6 mW cm −2 : electrolyte composition, 62 % Li 2 CO 3 : 38 % K 2 CO 3 ; O 2 /CO 2 ratio, 1/2; reaction temperature, 923 K; anode gas flow rate, 402 ml min −1 ; and cathode gas flow rate, 1723 ml min −1
A two-stage approach to blind spatially-varying motion deblurring (2012)

Many blind motion deblur methods model the motion blur as a spatially invariant convolution process. However, motion blur caused by the camera movement in 3D space during shutter time often leads to spatially varying blurring effect over the image. In this paper, we proposed an efficient two-stage approach to remove spatially-varying motion blurring from a single photo. There are three main components in our approach: (i) a minimization method of estimating region-wise blur kernels by using both image information and correlations among neighboring kernels, (ii) an interpolation scheme of constructing pixel-wise blur matrix from region-wise blur kernels, and (iii) a non-blind deblurring method robust to kernel errors. The experiments showed that the proposed method outperformed the existing software based approaches on tested real images.
Gut microbial diversity is reduced and is associated with colonic inflammation in a piglet model of short bowel syndrome (2013)

SBR significantly decreased the diversity of the colonic microbiota and this was associated with an increase in colonic mucosal inflammation. This study supports the hypothesis that SBR has a significant impact on the colon and that this may play an important role in defining clinical outcome.
Chinese Regional Unemployment: Neighborhood and Spillover Effects (2011)

Many studies of regional unemployment have found a significant neighborhood and spillover effect across regions within a country, but few papers have focused on how these factors relate to the Chinese regional labor market. In this paper we analyze the Chinese labor market and find that, besides the macro-environment and spatial effects that are commonly observed in the literature, regional institutional variables have had a significant impact on Chinese unemployment. As such, neighborhood and spillover effects are described in terms of their effect on Chinese regional unemployment.
A new parallel LR parsing algorithm (1995)

Article Free Access Share on A new parallel LR parsing algorithm Author: Kenneth J. Hendrickson University of Southern California University of Southern CaliforniaView Profile Authors Info & Claims SAC '95: Proceedings of the 1995 ACM symposium on Applied computingFebruary 1995 Pages 277–281https://doi.org/10.1145/315891.315992Published:26 February 1995Publication History 0citation275DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads275Last 12 Months9Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Fabrication of an Aspherical Microlens for OLED with Modified Etching Process (2010)

Study on using a process which was combined LIGA (Lithographie Galvanoformung Abformung) with etching to manufacture an optical film of an aspherical microlens array (A-MLA), which can improve the extraction efficiency of an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode). The extraction efficiency of a current OLED is not high due to its total internal reflection, and the luminance is also lower because of the low extraction efficiency. How to increase the extraction efficiency is a valuable topic to discuss. This study analyzes the manufacturing and design parameters of A-MLAs such as diameter of a microlens, dry etching parameters and electroforming rates. The experimental results indicate that the variation of the diameter is about 5% after the thermal reflow and dry etching process. Electroforming process is used to make a metal mold as the first mold after PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) mold is replicated called the secondary mold. In addition, it has an additional effect to refine the existing defects on photoresist surface. From the measured data of the luminance of the optical film with A-MLAs, they show that the luminance of OLEDs is enhanced more than that of common spherical-microlens array.
HIV-1 Structural Proteins Serve as PAMPs for TLR2 Heterodimers Significantly Increasing Infection and Innate Immune Activation (2015)

Immune activation is critical to HIV infection and pathogenesis; however, our understanding of HIV innate immune activation remains incomplete. Recently we demonstrated that soluble TLR2 (sTLR2) physically inhibited HIV-induced NFκB activation and inflammation, as well as HIV-1 infection. In light of these findings, we hypothesized that HIV-1 structural proteins may serve as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) for cellular TLR2 heterodimers. These studies made use of primary human T cells and TZMbl cells stably transformed to express TLR2 (TZMbl-2). Our results demonstrated that cells expressing TLR2 showed significantly increased proviral DNA compared to cells lacking TLR2, and mechanistically this may be due to a TLR2-mediated increased CCR5 expression. Importantly, we show that HIV-1 structural proteins, p17, p24, and gp41, act as viral PAMPs signaling through TLR2 and its heterodimers leading to significantly increased immune activation via the NFκB signaling pathway. Using co-immunoprecipitation and a dot blot method, we demonstrated direct protein interactions between these viral PAMPs and TLR2, while only p17 and gp41 bound to TLR1. Specifically, TLR2/1 heterodimer recognized p17 and gp41, while p24 lead to immune activation through TLR2/6. These results were confirmed using TLR2/1 siRNA knock down assays which ablated p17 and gp41-induced cellular activation and through studies of HEK293 cells expressing selected TLRs. Interestingly, our results show in the absence of TLR6, p24 bound to TLR2 and blocked p17 and gp41-induced activation, thus providing a novel mechanism by which HIV-1 can manipulate innate sensing. Taken together, our results identified, for the first time, novel HIV-1 PAMPs that play a role in TLR2-mediated cellular activation and increased proviral DNA. These findings have important implications for our fundamental understanding of HIV-1 immune activation and pathogenesis, as well as HIV-1 vaccine development.
Anti-TNF therapy for inflammatory bowel disease in patients with neurodegenerative Niemann-Pick disease Type C (2022)

<b>Background:</b> Blockade of tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) is effective in patients with Crohn's Disease but has been associated with infection risk and neurological complications such as demyelination. Niemann-Pick disease Type C1 (NPC1) is a lysosomal storage disorder presenting in childhood with neurological deterioration, liver damage and respiratory infections. Some NPC1 patients develop severe Crohn's disease. Our objective was to investigate the safety and effectiveness of anti-TNF in NPC1 patients with Crohn's disease. <b>Methods:</b> Retrospective data on phenotype and therapy response were collected in 2019-2020 for the time period 2014 to 2020 from patients in the UK, France, Germany and Canada with genetically confirmed NPC1 defects and intestinal inflammation. We investigated TNF secretion in peripheral blood mononuclear cells treated with NPC1 inhibitor in response to bacterial stimuli <i>.</i> <b>Results:</b> NPC1 inhibitor treated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) show significantly increased TNF production after lipopolysaccharide or bacterial challenge providing a rationale for anti-TNF therapy. We identified 4 NPC1 patients with Crohn's disease (CD)-like intestinal inflammation treated using anti-TNF therapy (mean age of onset 8.1 years, mean treatment length 27.75 months, overall treatment period 9.25 patient years). Anti-TNF therapy was associated with reduced gastrointestinal symptoms with no apparent adverse neurological events. Therapy improved intestinal inflammation in 4 patients. <b>Conclusions:</b> Anti-TNF therapy appears safe in patients with NPC1 and is an effective treatment strategy for the management of intestinal inflammation in these patients.
A CURVATURE BASED METHOD FOR COMBINING MULTI-TEMPORAL SAR DIFFERENTIAL INTERFEROMETRIC MEASUREMENTS (2004)

Considering multiple interferograms is a common practice in SAR differential interferometry. In fact, multitemporal SAR acquisitions are used for monitoring terrain displacements over a long period of time. Moreover, the use of multiple data sets can help reducing atmospheric artifacts in SAR interferometric measurements. Given a series of SAR acquisitions, when all the interferograms between consecutive dates are computed, consecutive differential phases (after phase unwrapping) can be simply summed to obtain the differential phases correspondent to all the possible time intervals (including the total one). More generally, to this goal it is not necessary that all the computed interferograms are time-consecutive, but it suffices that the differential phases of each possible time interval can be obtained through a linear combination of the computed ones, i.e. by the solution of a determined linear system of equations. It is common in typical cases (e.g. with ERS data), that not all the interferograms necessary to the goal above can be computed, unless one accepts that only few pixels (corresponding to point-like scatterers) remain coherent. In fact, spatial and temporal baselines can be very large. So, an under-determined linear system of equations is in generally available. Previous works proposed to solve this system by singular value decomposition, i.e., by assuming that the solution (i.e. the terrain displacement) has minimum velocity. In this work, a different assumption is exploited in order to find a determined solution to the problem of combining SAR multi-temporal differential interferometric measurements. The proposed approach is based on the idea that the solution should have minimum curvature. Tests performed on simulated and ERS real data confirm the validity of the method. 1
AI can be sexist and racist — it’s time to make it fair (2018)

Computer scientists must identify sources of bias, de-bias training data and develop artificial-intelligence algorithms that are robust to skews in the data, argue James Zou and Londa Schiebinger. Computer scientists must identify sources of bias, de-bias training data and develop artificial-intelligence algorithms that are robust to skews in the data.
A Phase I Study to Assess the Safety and Cancer-Homing Ability of Allogeneic Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Men with Localized Prostate Cancer (2019)

Animal models show that systemically administered bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) home to sites of primary and metastatic prostate cancer (PC)-making them candidates to selectively deliver cytotoxic agents. To further assess this potential as a cell-based therapeutic vehicle, a phase I study testing homing of systemically infused allogeneic MSCs preprostatectomy was conducted. The primary objective was to assess safety and feasibility and to determine if MSCs accumulate within primary PC tissue. MSCs were quantified using beads, emulsion, amplification, magnetics digital polymerase chain reaction (limit of detection: ≥0.01% MSCs) to measure allogeneic MSC DNA relative to recipient DNA. MSCs were harvested from healthy donors and expanded ex vivo using standard protocols by the Johns Hopkins Cell Therapy Laboratory. PC patients planning to undergo prostatectomy were eligible for MSC infusion. Enrolled subjects received a single intravenous infusion 4-6 days prior to prostatectomy. The first three subjects received 1 x 10<sup>6</sup> cells per kilogram (maximum 1 x 10<sup>8</sup> cells), and subsequent four patients received 2 x 10<sup>6</sup> cells per kilogram (maximum 2 x 10<sup>8</sup> cells). No dose-limiting toxicities were observed and all patients underwent prostatectomy without delay. Pathologic assessment of prostate cores revealed ≥70% tumor involvement in cores from four subjects, with benign tissue in the others. MSCs were undetectable in all subjects, and the study was stopped early for futility. MSC infusions appear safe in PC patients. Although intended for eventual use in metastatic PC patients, in this study, MSCs did not home primary tumors in sufficient levels to warrant further development as a cell-based therapeutic delivery strategy using standard ex vivo expansion protocols. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:441-449.