gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correlation of quantitative p95HER2 and HER2 protein expression with pathologic complete response (pCR) in HER2-positive breast cancer patients (pts) treated with neoadjuvant (NEO) trastuzumab-containing therapy. (2012)

608 Background: Elevated p95 [HER2-M611-CTF (carboxy-terminal-fragment) also known as p110 or p95HER2] expression has been correlated with poor outcomes in HER2+ pts with metastatic breast cancer treated with trastuzumab (T); however, limited data have been presented on the correlation between p95 and pCR to T in the NEO setting, where p95 was measured by immunohistochemistry. In the current study, we sought to determine whether quantitative p95 and HER2 expression correlated with pCR in pts treated with T + chemotherapy in the NEO setting. Methods: HER2 expression (H2T) was quantified by HERmark in 47 breast tumors using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections. Tissue remained in 40 cases to measure p95 by VeraTag and compare to a previously published cutoff (Clin Cancer Res 16:4226, 2010). pCR data were available for 45 cases. pCR was defined as the absence of invasive disease in the breast. Results: The overall pCR rate was 46.7% (ER+: 14.3% vs. ER-: 75%; Wilcoxon rank p<0.0001) and was significantly associated with higher H2T levels (p=0.02). In ER- subjects (N=24), no difference in H2T levels was observed between pCR vs non-pCR groups [median H2T=111.5 (IQR 63.4-162.2) vs 150.5 (IQR 43 – 226.2), respectively; p=0.721]. However, within the ER+ group (N=21), H2T levels were significantly higher in the pCR group vs non-pCR group [median H2T=254 (IQR 181.5-584.5) vs 37.3 (IQR 16.4-89); p=0.024]. Using multivariate logistic regression, increasing log(H2T) (p = 0.011), ER-negativity (p = 0.027) and low p95 (p = 0.074) were found to correlate or trend with pCR. Conclusions: pCR was significantly associated with high H2T expression in ER+ HER2+ breast cancer pts who received NEO therapy with T + chemotherapy. A trend towards pCR was seen in tumors that had low p95. These data suggest that quantitative H2T and p95 may provide additional information on response to T-based regimens in breast cancer, particularly ER+ breast cancer. Additional investigation into the possible relationship between quantitative levels of HER2 and p95 expression and T response in the NEO setting in larger cohorts is warranted.
Quantitative electroencephalography power analysis in subjective idiopathic tinnitus patients: a clinical paradigm shift in the understanding of tinnitus, an electrophysiological correlate. (2006)

Z-score analyses of QEEG recordings--based on a large normative database--for the metric of power for patients having tinnitus of the severe disabling type (N = 61) revealed statistically significant abnormalities in frontal greater than temporal electrode recording sites. We reported no difference between male and female tinnitus patients in the number of abnormal power QEEG recordings. However, we observed significant differences in the average Z scores between males and females in the alpha and theta bands. The results suggest multiple central electrophysiological correlates for different clinical types of tinnitus identifiable with QEEG, for the metric of power, by frequencies of brain activity of delta greater than beta greater than alpha greater than theta bands of activity, reflecting physiologically the individuality of brain function and clinically the heterogeneity of the symptom of tinnitus for tinnitus patients. Clinical interpretation of the QEEG data in terms of brain function in a tinnitus patient, with a focus on theories of a neuroanatomical homeostatic system that regulates baseline levels of local synchrony in multiple neuronal assemblies and on theories of consciousness, introduces a paradigm switch in our clinical understanding of the symptom of tinnitus and an application for tinnitus diagnosis and treatment.
Assessment of Gunshot Bullet Injuries with the Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2000)

When ferromagnetic foreign bodies are excluded by pretesting their properties within the MRI with a comparative projectile, MRI portends an excellent imaging procedure for assessing the extent of injury and planning the removal by surgery.
Adaptive push based data collection method for online performance monitoring (2011)

In telecommunication network management systems, pull and push are the conventional methods for data collection. The manager (also called client) entity manages a large number of network elements (NE, also called server) that send monitoring data to the manager. The pull approach does not depend on data changes and is not efficient. The push approach serves the data strictly based on the data changes and is hence more efficient. However, the push approach does not consider the manager's capabilities; hence, the efforts spent on serving the data will be wasted when the manager is unable or unwilling to process the data. Ideally, data collection should be done based on the manager's capabilities, load and other service level criteria. In this paper, we present an adaptive push technique that combines the best of push's advantages while providing the manager with control over demand in data. This approach is compared with pull and push techniques in terms of metrics such as benefit, cost and optimum.
Towards optimal ship design and valuable knowledge discovery under uncertain conditions (2015)

Ship design is a complex engineering activity which requires a multidisciplinary consideration in arriving at design objectives and constraints. An optimal design of such problems require a multi-objective optimization method that is capable of finding multiple trade-off solutions, not only to choose a preferred solution for implementation, but also to have a deeper understanding of the interactions among design variables. In this paper, we consider two ship design models involving uncertainties in design variables, and demonstrate the usefulness of an evolutionary multiobjective optimization (EMO) method and subsequent data analysis procedures in arriving at valuable design principles that enhance the knowledge of a designer. The study is pedagogical yet provide key insights of ship design issues and importantly outlines the systematic procedure for applying the technology to other more complex design problems.
The O-glycomap of Lubricin, a Novel Mucin Responsible for Joint Lubrication, Identified by Site-specific Glycopeptide Analysis (2014)

The lubricative, heavily glycosylated mucin-like synovial glycoprotein lubricin has previously been observed to contain glycosylation changes related to rheumatoid and osteoarthritis. Thus, a site-specific investigation of the glycosylation of lubricin was undertaken, in order to further understand the pathological mechanisms involved in these diseases. Lubricin contains an serine/threonine/proline (STP)-rich domain composed of imperfect tandem repeats (EPAPTTPK), the target for O-glycosylation. In this study, using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry approach, employing both collision-induced and electron-transfer dissociation fragmentation methods, we identified 185 O-glycopeptides within the STP-rich domain of human synovial lubricin. This showed that adjacent threonine residues within the central STP-rich region could be simultaneously and/or individually glycosylated. In addition to core 1 structures responsible for biolubrication, core 2 O-glycopeptides were also identified, indicating that lubricin glycosylation may have other roles. Investigation of the expression of polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase genes was carried out using cultured primary fibroblast-like synoviocytes, a cell type that expresses lubricin in vivo. This analysis showed high mRNA expression levels of the less understood polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 15 and 5 in addition to the ubiquitously expressed polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1 and 2 genes. This suggests that there is a unique combination of transferase genes important for the O-glycosylation of lubricin. The site-specific glycopeptide analysis covered 82% of the protein sequence and showed that lubricin glycosylation displays both micro- and macroheterogeneity. The density of glycosylation was shown to be high: 168 sites of O-glycosylation, predominately sialylated, were identified. These glycosylation sites were focused in the central STP-rich region, giving the domain a negative charge. The more positively charged lysine and arginine residues in the N and C termini suggest that synovial lubricin exists as an amphoteric molecule. The identification of these unique properties of lubricin may provide insight into the important low-friction lubricating functions of lubricin during natural joint movement.
Selective Individual Primary Cell Capture Using Locally Bio-Functionalized Micropores (2013)

Background: Solid-state micropores have been widely employed for 6 decades to recognize and size flowing unlabeled cells. However, the resistive-pulse technique presents limitations when the cells to be differentiated have overlapping dimension ranges such as B and T lymphocytes. An alternative approach would be to specifically capture cells by solid-state micropores. Here, the inner wall of 15-mm pores made in 10 mm-thick silicon membranes was covered with antibodies specific to cell surface proteins of B or T lymphocytes. The selective trapping of individual unlabeled cells in a biofunctionalized micropore makes them recognizable just using optical microscopy.
An efficient class of unidirectional error detecting/correcting codes (1988)

A method for constructing a class of t-error correcting and all unidirectional error-detecting systematic codes is proposed. These codes have been shown to be more efficient than codes constructed using other methods proposed in the literature. In a special case, the code constructed is the Berger code.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Valvuloplasty and valve transfer. (1986)

The technique and results of valvuloplasty and valve transfer are presented. The rationale and theoretical background for these procedures are outlined. Results of reconstructive valve surgery have been good and justify continued application of this therapeutic modality in chronic venous insufficiency.
Diurnal tear cycle: evidence for a nocturnal inflammatory constitutive tear fluid. (1992)

To investigate the tear film in the closed eye, microliter tear samples were collected without overt reflex stimulation throughout the diurnal cycle, with closed eye samples recovered immediately upon eye opening. Samples were subjected to agarose, polyacrylamide, and two-dimensional electrophoresis, coupled with immunofixation, immunoblot, and lectin blot assays. Major protein constituents were densitometrically and immunologically quantified. Results revealed a distinct progression in composition from reflex to open to closed eye tear samples. Total protein increased from 6.0 to 9.0 to 18.0 mg/ml, secretory IgA increased from less than 0.23 to 0.85 to 8.40 mg/ml, and serum albumin increased from 0.02 to 0.06 to 1.10 mg/ml. In contrast, concentrations of the major reflex tear components (lysozyme, lactoferrin, and tear specific prealbumin) remained essentially static. Immunoblot assay for complement C3 and C3c revealed that eye closure was associated with C3 activation. Results indicate that: (1) the reflex and closed eye tear layers represent opposite extremes in composition and likely origins, with open eye tear film suggesting an intermediate origin; (2) reflex tears are derived from a neurologically inducible lacrimal or accessory gland secretion composed almost exclusively of lysozyme, lactoferrin, tear specific prealbumin, and a minor mixed alpha to beta globulin fraction; (3) upon eye closure, reflex secretion ceases or greatly diminishes, with ongoing slower flow maintained by a constitutive secretion composed almost exclusively of secretory IgA; (4) the closed eye environment induces a subclinical inflammation, accounting in part for the marked rise in albumin concentration. This increase, coupled with that of secretory IgA, may play a critical role in protecting the closed eye environment from pathogens. However, this may render the closed eye environment particularly vulnerable to inflammatory and immune-mediated pathological processes, such as those seen with extended wear soft contact lenses.
Thyroid hormone augmentation with levothyroxine in bipolar depression (2002)

Bauer M. Thyroid hormone augmentation with levothyroxine in bipolar depression. Bipolar Disord 2002: 4(Suppl. 1): 109–110. © Blackwell Munksgaard, 2002
MRI Evidence of Impaired CSF Homeostasis in Obesity-Associated Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (2012)

Increased intracranial CSF volume that accumulates in the extraventricular subarachnoid space provides direct evidence for impaired CSF homeostasis in obesity-associated IIH. The finding of larger GM interstitial fluid volume is consistent with increased overall resistance to cerebral venous drainage, as evident from reduced relative cerebral drainage through the IJV. The present study confirms that both impaired CSF homeostasis and venous hemodynamics coexist in obesity-associated IIH.
Gastrointestinal endoscopes a need to shift from disinfection to sterilization? (2020)

More than 10 million gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures are performed annually in the United States for diagnostic purposes, therapeutic interventions, or both.1 Because gastrointestinal endoscopescontactmucosal surfaces, use of acontaminated endoscope may lead to patient-to-patient transmission of potential pathogens with a subsequent risk of infection.
Design of hybrid continuous-time discrete-time delta-sigma modulators (2008)

Recent attention has been drawn to the hybrid Delta-Sigma (ΔΣ) structure featuring the integration of continuous-time (CT) and discrete-time (DT) structures in the loop filter. It combines the accurate loop filter characteristic of a DT ΔΣ modulator and the inherent anti-aliasing of a CT modulator. We present a design methodology for building a CT-DT ΔΣ modulator via the transformation from a DT ΔΣ modulator prototype. We also demonstrate the tradeoff of applying this structure to cascaded Delta-Sigma modulators compared to pure CT or DT implementations.
NTIRE 2020 Challenge on Real-World Image Super-Resolution: Methods and Results (2020)

This paper reviews the NTIRE 2020 challenge on real world super-resolution. It focuses on the participating methods and final results. The challenge addresses the real world setting, where paired true high and low-resolution images are unavailable. For training, only one set of source input images is therefore provided along with a set of unpaired high-quality target images. In Track 1: Image Processing artifacts, the aim is to super-resolve images with synthetically generated image processing artifacts. This allows for quantitative benchmarking of the approaches \wrt a ground-truth image. In Track 2: Smartphone Images, real low-quality smart phone images have to be super-resolved. In both tracks, the ultimate goal is to achieve the best perceptual quality, evaluated using a human study. This is the second challenge on the subject, following AIM 2019, targeting to advance the state-of-the-art in super-resolution. To measure the performance we use the benchmark protocol from AIM 2019. In total 22 teams competed in the final testing phase, demonstrating new and innovative solutions to the problem.
Evaluation of Unsupervised Emotion Models to Textual Affect Recognition (2010)

In this paper we present an evaluation of new techniques for automatically detecting emotions in text. The study estimates categorical model and dimensional model for the recognition of four affective states: Anger, Fear, Joy, and Sadness that are common emotions in three datasets: SemEval-2007 “Affective Text”, ISEAR (International Survey on Emotion Antecedents and Reactions), and children’s fairy tales. In the first model, WordNet-Affect is used as a linguistic lexical resource and three dimensionality reduction techniques
An effect of pine volatiles on departure of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Nematoda : Aphelenchoididae) from Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera : Cerambycidae) (1998)

To clarify the effect of the volatiles of Pinus densiflora on the temporal pattern of departure of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus from Monochamus alternatus adults (nematode departure curve), autoclaved or normal pine twigs were provided to the beetles. Monoterpenoids were not detected from the air of rearing containers with autoclaved pine twigs. A Kolmogorov-Smirnov test showed that there were significant differences in the averaged nematode departure curve between the 2 beetle groups supplied with different foods. The time of 50% nematode departure was shorter in the beetles supplied with autoclaved twigs. The proportion of nematodes which remained in the bodies of 5l-day-old M. alternatus was significantly smaller in the beetles supplied with autoclaved pine twigs. Consequently, it is suggested that B. xylophilus had a trait of spontaneous departure from M. alternatus and that the volatiles from excised normal P. densiflora twigs repressed B. xylophilus departure from M. alternatus.
Rewriting and suppressing UMLS terms for improved biomedical term identification (2010)

We recommend applying the five rewrite rules and seven suppression rules that passed our evaluation when the UMLS is to be used for biomedical term identification in MEDLINE. A software tool to apply these rules to the UMLS is freely available at http://biosemantics.org/casper.
Immune reactivity to neurofilament proteins in the clinical staging of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2013)

Immunoreactivity to plasma NF-L and homologous NF proteins is informative of the stage of disease progression in ALS. The determination of NF antibody levels in plasma could be added to the growing panel of disease-monitoring biomarkers in ALS targeting cytoskeletal antigens.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthesis of 1,5‐Dihydropyridazino(3,4‐b)quinoxalines (VII) and 2‐(Pyrazol‐4‐yl)quinoxalines (VI). (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Double-Parity-Check CA-SCL Encoding and Decoding for Polar Codes (2018)

Due to the unsatisfactory block error rate (BLER) performance of short or moderate block , the further development of polar codes is limited. In this paper, the parity-check codes concatenated cyclic redundancy check aided successive cancellation list (CA-SCL) decoding algorithms are studied. Then, an efficient concatenated method, double-parity-check CA-SCL (DP-CA-SCL) polar codes, is proposed according to exiting parity-check decoding algorithms. Not only can this new method improve the BLER performance in short or moderate block, but also it can guarantee the reduction of complexity relative to original CA-SCL method. The simulations in additive white Gaussian noise channel with binary phase shift keying modulation reveal that the DP-CA-SCL polar codes can provide significant performance gains. Comparing to the original CA-SCL decoding, there are 0.5 dB performance gains using proposed method at BLER of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> with (128, 64) polar codes. For another moderate block (256, 128) polar codes, it can also guarantee performance gains at least 0.18 dB.
How to predict and improve coating performance by nanomechanical testing (2007)

"How to predict and improve coating performance by nanomechanical testing." Surface Engineering, 23(3), pp. 155–156
BONE ARROWHEADS FROM THE EARLY TAGAR (BIDZHA) ASSEMBLAGES OF THE SAGAYSKAYA PROTOKA-4 KURGAN CEMETERY (2023)

The article deals with the results of an instrumental and contextual study of the bone arrowheads found during urgent excavations on the Sagayskaya Protoka-4 kurgan cemetery (Khakassia, the Askiz district). The morphological characteristics of the artifacts and the results of their traceology study are presented as well as the circumstances in which the arrow points were found in burial assemblages. The material for studied in the present article artifacts were long bone walls of big animals. The study of changes on the points’ surface allowed us to determine the main peculiarities of their production technology. All studied artifacts were shaped with a metallic knife. In one case, polishing was used. The obtained data allow us to continue the database of technologies of production not only of bone arrow points but also Tagar bone objects in general. The materials of an assemblage (tomb 2 in kurgan 3) with a dead body with tools in situ pushed us to turn to the bone arrowheads in Tagar burials. It is noted, that the consistent presence of this category of tools in burial practice is connected to the Bidzha group of the Early Tagar burial assemblages (the 8th –6th centuries BC). Based on analogies, it was stated that the arrow points sets were always put on the left of the body. Compact arrangement and the same orientation of the points indicate that they were in a quiver (wrappage). The found regularities are specific to Bidzhin assemblages of the whole Tagar culture area.
High-performance microprocessor architectures (1976)

Over the past few years, microprocessor designs have undergone an evolution process shaped largely by improvements in LSI circuit technology and experiences gained from the very large user community. By and large, most microprocessors have internal architectures that are patterned after classical CPU structures. This trend is changing rapidly. High-performance LSI microprocessors are emerging at a slow but steady pace, with architectural features borrowed from larger and more powerful computers. This paper examines aspects of pipelined concurrency and microprogramming as applied to LSI microprocessors, for the purpose of enhancing performance.
Real-time monitoring of blood using coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (2008)

We demonstrate a real-time method of measuring the vibrational Raman spectrum of whole blood. Using a novel coherent Raman technique, we record the vibrational spectrum of the red blood cells from picoliters in blood in milliseconds. This method will allow real-time in vivo blood monitoring.
Effects of Surface Cleaning on Stressvoiding and Electromigration of Cu-Damascene Interconnection (2008)

The purpose of this paper is to study the effects of surface-clean process on stressvoiding (SV) and electromigration (EM) of Cu-dual-damascene metallization. Prior to the deposition of copper diffusion-barrier metal, conventional argon bombardment is used to clean Cu surface. Higher preclean bias power and shorter preclean time demonstrate remarkable low via resistance and excellent Cu-reliability performance. In addition, the via-diameter effect to Cu stressmigration is explored. A superior Cu precleaning process condition is developed to improve Cu stress-induced voiding and EM. The preclean bias power of argon plasma should be kept as high as possible but not too high to avoid damaging underlying metal, while the resputtering clean time should keep as short as possible but sufficiently long in order to clean via bottoms. To improve ultralarge-scale integrated-circuit yield and reliability of Cu-damascene metallization, the cleaning process of Cu surface becomes more and more critical as CMOS technology continues shrinking.