gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites: Synthesis, properties and applications (1998)

Polymer nanocomposites, especially polymer-layered silicate (PLS) nanocomposites, represent a radical alternative to conventionally (macroscopically) filled polymers. Because of their nanometer-size dispersion, the nanocomposites exhibit markedly improved properties when compared with the pure polymers or conventional composites. These include increased modulus and strength, decreased gas permeability, increased solvent and heat resistance and decreased flammability. In addition to their potential applications, PLS nanocomposites are also unique model systems to study the structure and dynamics of polymers in confined environments. Using both delaminated and intercalated hybrids, the statics and dynamics of polymers confined over distances ranging from the radius of gyration of the polymer to the statistical segment length of the chains can be studied. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Loss-of-Function Mutations of BCOR Are an Independent Marker of Adverse Outcomes in Intensively Treated Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2021)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by recurrent genetic events. The <i>BCL6</i> corepressor <i>(BCOR)</i> and its homolog, the <i>BCL6 corepressor-like 1 (BCORL1)</i>, have been reported to be rare but recurrent mutations in AML. Previously, smaller studies have reported conflicting results regarding impacts on outcomes. Here, we retrospectively analyzed a large cohort of 1529 patients with newly diagnosed and intensively treated AML. <i>BCOR</i> and <i>BCORL1</i> mutations were found in 71 (4.6%) and 53 patients (3.5%), respectively. Frequently co-mutated genes were <i>DNTM3A</i>, <i>TET2</i> and <i>RUNX1</i>. Mutated <i>BCORL1</i> and loss-of-function mutations of <i>BCOR</i> were significantly more common in the ELN2017 intermediate-risk group. Patients harboring loss-of-function mutations of <i>BCOR</i> had a significantly reduced median event-free survival (HR = 1.464 (95%-Confidence Interval (CI): 1.005-2.134), <i>p</i> = 0.047), relapse-free survival (HR = 1.904 (95%-CI: 1.163-3.117), <i>p</i> = 0.01), and trend for reduced overall survival (HR = 1.495 (95%-CI: 0.990-2.258), <i>p</i> = 0.056) in multivariable analysis. Our study establishes a novel role for loss-of-function mutations of <i>BCOR</i> regarding risk stratification in AML, which may influence treatment allocation.
New Simple Chiral Phosphine Oxazolidine Ligands: Easy Synthesis and Application in the Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation (2005)

New types of chiral phosphine-oxazolidines have been easily synthesized in a straightforward one-pot process starting from optically active aminoalcohols. They were screened in the Pd-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylations of 1,3-diphenyl-2-propenyl acetate with dimethylmalonate. The reaction proceeds smoothly in good to excellent yields and excellent stereoselectivity was obtained (up to 97%).
<title>Fabrication of micro-optical surface profiles by using grayscale masks</title> (1998)

The fabrication of surface profile may become an interesting technology in the field of micro optics and micromachining. Recently, surface profiles are known and widely used in optics, especially in diffractive optics. In the last few years the demand on deep and arbitrarily shape profiles increased drastically. Laser beam writing and e-beam writing are technologies suitable for the fabrication of such profiles, but only for a limited range of profile depth. Photolithography is also able to realize surface profiles, much deeper profiles can be realized by combining of different technologies. In this paper we report about a strategy for arbitrary deep profile generation as well as results we achieved by using single and combined technologies of special gray scale masks (based on HEBS glass), e-beam lithography and photolithography.
Scanning nonlinear dielectric microscopy with nanometer resolution (1999)

A very high-resolution scanning nonlinear dielectric microscope was developed for the observation of ferroelectric polarization. We demonstrate that the resolution of the microscope is of a nanometer order by measurement of the c–c domain wall of a BaTiO3 single crystal, and that this microscope is very useful not only for the domain observation of ferroelectric bulk material but also for that of thin films.
Responses of male Mediterranean fruit flies, <i>Ceratitis capitata</i> , to trimediure in a wind tunnel of novel design (1981)

ABSTRACT. The responses of male Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera; Tephritidae) to trimediure were investigated in a wind tunnel of novel design with disposable plastic walls. Trimediure was presented to the flies either in the form of a discrete ‘plume’ or uniformly dispersed in the air passing through the tunnel. The flies showed an increase in flight activity in response to the two forms of stimulation and performed a zig‐zag anemotactic flight in response to the plume, reminiscent of the behaviour of moths responding to a sex pheromone. They performed a straight, upwind, anemotactic response to the uniformly dispersed odour. The design of wind tunnel used in these tests was found to have several advantages: air flow and turbulence can be easily varied and the plastic walls can be changed to eliminate contamination problems.
Ketamine augmentation rapidly improves depression scores in inpatients with treatment-resistant bipolar depression (2017)

The results confirm a rapid antidepressant effect of ketamine infusion in a considerable proportion of those patients with bipolar depression receiving mood-stabilising drugs. Apart from male gender, no other clinical factors were predictors of response.
Compound Motor Action Potential Recording Distinguishes Differential Onset of Motor Block of the Obturator Nerve in Response to Etidocaine or Bupivacaine (1996)

The purpose of this investigation was to establish an objective (quantitative) method for determining onset time of motor block induced by different local anesthetics.Twenty-four consenting patients undergoing transurethral surgery during spinal anesthesia were randomized to receive direct obturator nerve block with 10 mL of plain bupivacaine 0.5% (n = 12) or 10 mL of plain etidocaine 1% (n = 12). Another 14 patients (control group) received obturator nerve "block" with saline. After identification of the obturator nerve, patients underwent testing of nerve conduction by recording compound motor action potentials (CMAPs) of thigh adductor muscles in response to stimulation provided by a nerve stimulator at 0.2 to 0.5-mA currents. Testing ended when CMAP amplitudes had returned to their baseline values (control group) or when motor blockade was 90% complete (local anesthetic groups). In all 38 patients, the amplitude of the thigh CMAPs decreased immediately after injection of saline or local anesthetic. While CMAP amplitudes in the control group returned to their initial (baseline) values after 3-6 min, the patients receiving etidocaine or bupivacaine achieved >or=to90% motor blockade after 6 and 13 min, respectively. In the present report, the time to >or=to90% block was significantly faster in patients given etidocaine compared with those given bupivacaine. We conclude that electromyographic recording of CMAPs can be used to compare the ability of different local anesthetics to induce motor block. (Anesth Analg 1996;82:317-20)
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Regulates Reendothelialization and Neointima Formation in a Mouse Model of Arterial Injury (2004)

VEGF overexpression accelerated endothelial repair and inhibited neointima formation after arterial injury. Conversely, sequestration of exogenous and/or endogenous VEGF by VEGF-trap delayed reendothelialization and significantly increased neointima size. This demonstrates the therapeutic potential of VEGF but also emphasizes the important physiologic role of endogenous VEGF in vascular repair.
Theory and test of bathymetric side scan sonar (2003)

Bathymetric, or interferometric, side-scan-sonars offer great improvement over conventional hydrographic and bathymetric techniques, because their broad swath makes it possible to survey an area more efficiently, their high spatial resolution makes it less likely to miss an obstruction of feature, and their image output gives valuable information about the bottom composition. A theoretical model of the phase measurement errors that limit accuracy is presented. Tests of a shallow-water bathymetric side-scan sonar, the Bathyscan 300, were conducted in August, 1987, in the Chesapeake Bay. The results of those tests, as well as the performance demonstrated by other bathymetric side-scan sonars, are compared to the predictions of the model.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
In-Service Chromatic Dispersion and Pass-Band Shape Measurements for Light Path with Modulated ASE Source (2010)

A tunable modulated broadband source and narrow-bandwidth filter are used to measure chromatic dispersion, group-delay ripple, and pass-band shape of DWDM-network light paths. This new method is simple and suitable for in-service measurements.
Oxidative Stress Is Associated with Adiposity and Insulin Resistance in Men (2003)

To investigate the direct relationship of oxidative stress with obesity and insulin resistance in men, we measured the plasma levels of 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) in 14 obese and 17 nonobese men and evaluated their relationship with body mass index; body fat weight; visceral, sc, and total fat areas, measured by computed tomography; and glucose infusion rate during a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp study. Obese men had significantly higher plasma concentrations of 8-epi-PGF2alpha than nonobese men (P < 0.05). The plasma levels of 8-epi-PGF2alpha were significantly correlated with body mass index (r = 0.408; P < 0.05), body fat weight (r = 0.467; P < 0.05), visceral (r = 0.387; P < 0.05) and total fat area (r = 0.359; P < 0.05) in all (obese and nonobese) men. There was also a significant correlation between the plasma levels of 8-epi-PGF2alpha and glucose infusion rate in obese men (r = -0.552; P < 0.05) and all men (r = -0.668; P < 0.01). In all subjects, the plasma levels of 8-epi-PGF2alpha were significantly correlated with fasting serum levels of insulin (r = 0.487; P < 0.01). In brief, these findings showed that the circulating levels of 8-epi-PGF2alpha are related to adiposity and insulin resistance in men. Although correlation does not prove causation, the results of this study suggest that obesity is an important factor for enhanced oxidative stress and that this oxidative stress triggers the development of insulin resistance in men.
Expert system for on-board satellite scheduling and control (1988)

An Expert System is described which Rockwell Satellite and Space Electronics Division (S&SED) is developing to dynamically schedule the allocation of on-board satellite resources and activities. This expert system is the Satellite Controller. The resources to be scheduled include power, propellant and recording tape. The activities controlled include scheduling satellite functions such as sensor checkout and operation. The scheduling of these resources and activities is presently a labor intensive and time consuming ground operations task. Developing a schedule requires extensive knowledge of the system and subsystems operations, operational constraints, and satellite design and configuration. This scheduling process requires highly trained experts anywhere from several hours to several weeks to accomplish. The process is done through brute force, that is examining cryptic mnemonic data off line to interpret the health and status of the satellite. Then schedules are formulated either as the result of practical operator experience or heuristics - that is rules of thumb. Orbital operations must become more productive in the future to reduce life cycle costs and decrease dependence on ground control. This reduction is required to increase autonomy and survivability of future systems. The design of future satellites require that the scheduling function be transferred from ground to on board systems.
Smoking cessation: A clinical study of the transdermal nicotine patch (1995)

Although cigarette smoking is a declining trend in the United States, the amount of cigarettes consumed by the American public is the same today as in 1964. The role of cigarette smoking in many disease processes is publicly well known, and smoking cessation has been proved to reduce risk for some diseases, but the various methods of cessation are often met with a high rate of treatment failure or relapse. In this study, the short-term efficacy of nicotine-replacement therapy by way of the transdermal patch system was evaluated in 110 patients in a family practice setting. Patches were tapered from 21 mg of nicotine to 14 mg to 7 mg, each for 30 days. Subjects wore one patch for every 24 hours and were instructed not to smoke. Telephone follow-up was used at 2 to 3 weeks to check smoking status and inquire for side effects, and further follow-up of those who had completed the 3-month program was initiated 6 months after the program began. Nineteen patients never filled the prescription, and six were lost to follow-up. Of the 85 who finished the program, 35% were still not smoking at 6 months after the study began. The other 65% had relapsed. Side effects were mild and were mainly related to skin irritation at the patch site and abnormal dreams. Combinations of this cessation method with physician counseling and other behavioral methods should improve the success rate of this encouraging treatment.
FDTD and transfer matrix methods for evaluating the performance of photonic crystal based microcavities for exciton-polaritons (2016)

We investigate alternative microcavity structures for exciton-polaritons consisting of photonic crystals instead of distributed Bragg reflectors. Finite-difference time-domain simulations and scattering transfer matrix methods are used to evaluate the cavity performance. The results are compared with conventional distributed Bragg reflectors. We find that in terms of the photon lifetime, the photonic crystal based microcavities are competitive, with typical lifetimes in the region of ~20 ps being achieved. The photonic crystal microcavities have the advantage that they are compact and are frequency adjustable, showing that they are viable to investigate exciton-polariton condensation physics.
On the mechanisms of conjugate vaccines (2018)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Helmholtz resonators with large aperture (2022)

The lowest resonant frequency of a cavity resonator is usually approximated by the classical Helmholtz formula. However, if the opening is rather large and the front wall is narrow this formula is no longer valid. Here we present a correction which is of third order in the ratio of the diameters of aperture and cavity. In addition to the high accuracy it allows to estimate the damping due to radiation. The result is found by applying the method of matched asymptotic expansions. The correction contains form factors describing the shapes of opening and cavity. They are com-puted for a number of standard geometries. Results are compared with numerical computations. Acknowledgements The paper is based on ideas used first by L. Ronkel1 deriving the classical Helmholtz formula in a rigorous way from the wave equation [12]. We thank S.W. Rienstra2 for some valuable comments. This work was supported in the frame of the program Wirtschaftsnahe Forschung of the Ministry of Economy, Rheinland Pfalz, Germany. 1
Managing Change in Information Systems : technological challenges (1994)

: Information systems and other computer-based systems must continuously undergo change in order to reflect change in their environments. The present technology used to implement such systems, including models, methods, tools and languages, does not have an inherent understanding of the nature of evolution. The rigidity of existing systems is a hindrance for user requested enhancements. Propagating changes correctly is a particular problem. It is common to find that necessary changes consequent on some other change have not been made, so that the system is inconsistent and will eventually fail to operate correctly. The paper discusses tools for system maintenance and focuses on the issue of automation. A tool that automatically generates and maintains all the information it needs is presented. To provide more information about the form and extent of the evolution in real-world systems, the same tool was instructed to collect change measurements. Information about the evolution of a lar...
Addressing the challenges to successful recruitment and retention in Alzheimer's disease clinical trials (2010)

Among the key challenges in Alzheimer's disease drug development is the timely completion of clinical trials. Unfortunately, clinical trials often suffer from slow or insufficient enrollment. Successful clinical trial recruitment describes a balance between expeditiously achieving full enrollment and ensuring an appropriate study sample. Investigators face a number of challenges to the successful negotiation of this balance. The failure to address these challenges means that drug development may take more time and money and that trial results may not adequately represent drug efficacy or may not be applicable beyond the study. We review the challenges to recruitment and retention in Alzheimer's disease clinical trials and present a framework to address them.
Decision-directed channel estimation for supporting higher terminal velocities in OFDM based WLANs (2004)

A channel estimation technique which allows the support of higher terminal velocities in OFDM based WLANs (HIPERLAN/2, IEEE 802.11a) is presented. After an initial channel estimation based on the preamble, the channel impulse response is tracked by means of detected and remodulated data symbols. A good performance is obtained in both line-of-sight (LOS) and nonline-of-sight (nLOS) environments with a reasonable receiver complexity.
[Gene mapping of a pedigree with autosomal dominant congenital cataract]. (2004)

The mutation gene in this ADCC pedigree is located at chromosome 17q. This is the first report of an autosomal dominant congenital nuclear cataracts located at this locus. This result will be helpful for further studying of the pathogenesis of cataract.
Analysis of thermally induced stresses on the core node bonds of a co-cured sandwich panel (2012)

During process development testing of the ARES I composite interstage, large regions of node disbonds were observed in the aluminum honeycomb core. The sandwich panels were composed of carbon fiber/epoxy face sheets and one-eighth inch cell size aluminum core co-cured in an autoclave. Node disbonds were initially observed after cure with ultrasonic inspection and subsequently confirmed with X-ray inspection and cross sectioning. A stress analysis was performed on the residual thermal stresses resulting from post-cure cool down. Analysis indicated that the thermal stresses in the aluminum core are a function of foil thickness of the aluminum core. Thermal stresses are relieved through disbonding of the adhesive node. The node disbonds were shown to significantly reduce the shear capability of the sandwich structure. Funding was provided by the ARES I Upper Stage Project.
Document imaging security and forensics ecosystem considerations (2010)

Much of the focus in document security tends to be on the deterrent -- the physical (printed, manufactured) item placed on a document, often used for routing in addition to security purposes. Hybrid (multiple) deterrents are not always reliably read by a single imaging device, and so a single device generally cannot simultaneously provide overall document security. We herein show how a relatively simple deterrent can be used in combination with multiple imaging devices to provide document security. In this paper, we show how these devices can be used to classify the printing technology used, a subject of importance for counterfeiter identification as well as printer quality control. Forensic-level imaging is also useful in preventing repudiation and forging, while mobile and/or simple scanning can be used to prevent tampering -- propitiously in addition to providing useful, non-security related, capabilities such as document routing (track and trace) and workflow association.
Control of the block copolymer morphology in templated epoxy thermosets (2007)

Abstract It has been found that by the addition of low concentrations of an amphiphilic block copolymer to an epoxy resin, novel disordered morphologies can be formed and preserved through curing. This article will focus on characterizing the influence of the block copolymer and casting solvent on the templated morphology achieved in the thermoset sample. The ultimate goal of this work is to determine the parameters that would control the microphase morphology produced. Epoxy resins blended with a series of amphiphilic block copolymers based on hydrogenated polyisoprene (polyethylene‐ alt ‐propylene or PEP) and polyethylene oxide (PEO), specifically, were investigated. In this article, the cure‐induced order–order phase transition from the spherical to wormlike micelle morphology will also be discussed. It is proposed that the formation of the wormlike micelle structure from the spherical micelle structure is similar to the phase transition behavior that occurs in dilute block copolymer solutions as a function of the influence of the solvent on micelle morphology. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 3338–3348, 2007
Impact of Cyclic Stretch on Induced Elastogenesis Within Collagenous Conduits (2013)

In vitro tissue engineering of vascular conduits requires a synergy between several external factors, including biochemical supplementation and mechanotranductive stimulation. The goal of this study was to improve adult human vascular smooth muscle cell orientation and elastic matrix synthesis within 3D tubular collagen gel constructs. We used a combination of elastogenic factors (EFs) previously tested in our lab, along with cyclic circumferential strains at low amplitude (2.5%) delivered at a range of frequencies (0.5, 1.5, and 3 Hz). After 21 days of culture, the constructs were analyzed for elastic matrix outcomes, activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-2 and -9, cell densities and phenotype, and mechanical properties of constructs. While cell densities remained unaffected by the addition of stretch, contractile phenotypic markers were elevated in all stretched constructs relative to control. Constructs cultured with EFs stretched at 1.5 Hz exhibited the maximum elastin mRNA expression and total matrix elastin (over sixfold vs. the static EFs control). MMP-2 content was comparable in all treatment conditions, but MMP-9 levels were elevated at the higher frequencies (1.5 and 3 Hz). Minimal circumferential orientation was achieved and the mechanical properties remained comparable among the treatment conditions. Overall, constructs treated with EFs and stretched at 1.5 Hz exhibited the most elastogenic outcomes.