gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Zinc air refuelable battery: alternative zinc fuel morphologies and cell behavior (1997)

Multicell zinc/air batteries have been tested previously in the laboratory and as part of the propulsion system of an electric bus; cut zinc wire was used as the anode material. This battery is refueled by a hydraulic transport of 0.5-1 mm zinc particles into hoppers above each cell. We report an investigation concerning alternative zinc fuel morphologies, and energy losses associated with refueling and with overnight or prolonged standby. Three types of fuel pellets were fabricated, tested and compared with results for cut wire: spheres produced in a fluidized bed electrolysis cell; elongated particles produced by gas-atomization; and pellets produced by chopping 1 mm porous plates made of compacted zinc fines. Relative sizes of the particles and cell gap dimensions are critical. All three types transported within the cell 1553 and showed acceptable discharge characteristics, but a fluidized bed approach appears especially attractive for owner/user recovery operations.
The Vitamin E Analog Gamma-Tocotrienol (GT3) Suppresses Radiation-Induced Cytogenetic Damage (2016)

GT3 attenuates radiation-induced cytogenetic damage, possibly by affecting RAD50 expression. GT3 should be explored as a therapeutic to reduce the risk of developing genetic diseases after radiation exposure.
Normalising skid resistance measurements to analyse road geometric elements by timeslices (2009)

This paper discusses the results of a research project undertaken by the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Auckland on the 'Seasonal and short term variation effects of road pavement skid resistance'. Research undertaken in the Northland region of New Zealand has clearly shown that the approximately sinusoidal effect of the variation in measured skid resistance is neither a repeatable nor a predictable phenomenon. Clearly, a better understanding of what causes the variation to occur is required. A normalisation process was developed to remove the seasonal variation of skid resistance measurements. This methodology enabled the consideration of the effect of individual geometric elements on the polishing behaviour of aggregates by comparing various road sections. In-field skid resistance measurements were made using a GripTester at regular intervals at five sites with varying geometric features in the Northland region of New Zealand over a 2.5 year period. The results discussed in this paper demonstrate that, depending upon the ability of the aggregate to resist polishing, various geometric elements 'polish' at faster rates than others. If the causal effects are known, this will enable better decision making by road managers and will lead to more appropriate road management in terms of surfacing techniques and practices. This will ultimately lead to a safer road network for all road users.
Platform for Creating Collaborative E-Learning Communities Based on Automated Composition of Learning Groups (2013)

The current paper presents a platform for self-built e-learning communities, in which a trainee enrolls into the educational process, gains points through achievements and ultimately becomes a trainer, based on those points. When creating a new account, an intelligent profile is attached to the newly created trainee. This profile is composed by the information received from several sources: the form filled by the trainee and the data obtained from querying the social graph of the student. Currently, the social graph is fed with the data extracted from the Facebook profile of the student, through a Facebook connector, which exports RDF data. The intelligent profile of the student is used to build optimal learning groups, by applying a Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm. The authors claim that quantifying various indicators, such as similarity between the type of interest of the participants and background diversity, within a group and between groups could influence the efficiency of learning groups. The paper also offers preliminary results regarding the effectiveness of this kind of approach in creating collaborative e-learning environments.
Tactile allodynia initiated by local subcutaneous endothelin-1 is prolonged by activation of TRPV-1 receptors. (2006)

Subcutaneous endothelin-1 (ET-1; 200 microM, 2 nmoles/paw) injected into the rat hind paw, has been shown to cause robust hind paw flinching (HPF) and paw licking, and to induce impulses selectively in primary nociceptors. Here we report that a much lower [ET-1] sensitizes the paw to a nocifensive withdrawal response to tactile stimulation (by von Frey hairs, VFH), a sensitization that involves local TRPV1 receptors. Injection of 10 microM ET-1 (0.1 nmole/paw) causes only marginal HPF but rapidly (20 mins after injection) lowers the force threshold for paw withdrawal (PWT) to VFH, to approximately 30% of pre-injection baseline. Such tactile allodynia persists for 3 hrs. In rats pre-injected with the TRPV1-antagonists capsazepine (CPZ; 1.33 mM) or 5'-iodoresiniferatoxin (I-RTX; 0.13 microM), 15 min before ET-1, a fast initial drop in PWT, as with ET-1 alone, occurs (to 40% or to 19% of baseline, respectively), but this earliest reduction then regresses back to the pre-injection PWT value more rapidly than with ET-1 alone. The recovery of allodynia from the maximum value is about two times faster for ET-1+CPZ and about 4 times faster for ET-1+ I-RTX, compared with that from ET-1 +vehicle (t(1/2) = 130, 60, and 250 mins, respectively). In contrast, spontaneous pain indicated by overt HPF from ET-1 is not attenuated by TRPV1 antagonists. Tactile allodynia is similarly abbreviated by antagonists of both ET(A) (BQ-123, 32 nmoles/paw) and ET(B) (BQ-788, 30 nmoles/paw) receptors, whereas HPF is abolished by this ET(A) antagonist but enhanced by the ET(B) antagonist. We conclude that low ET-1 causes tactile allodynia, which is characterized by a different time-course and pharmacology than ET-1-induced nociception, and that local TRPV1 receptors are involved in the maintenance of this ET-1-induced allodynia but not in the overt algesic action of ET-1.
Low-Field Giant Magnetoresistance in [Ni-Fe-Co/Cu/Co/Cu] Superlattices (1992)

[Ni-Fe-Co/Cu/Co/Cu] superlattices were prepared by RF sputtering. The superlattices showed low-field (<500 Oe) giant magnetoresistance (Δρ/ρ=15%) at RT when the Cu layer thickness was about 2 nm. The MR (magnetoresistance) ratio was found to oscillate with the Cu spacer layer thickness with a period of 1.1 nm, which implies RKKY (Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida)-like interlayer exchange coupling between the magnetic layers.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Animalworks in China (2007)

The experimental art scene in post-Tiananmen China has featured an array of animal bodies, both living and dead, as well as interspecies encounters ranging from the playful to the sadistic, from the gently collaborative to the violently conflictual, which interrogate and destabilize contemporary constructions of the nature-culture binary.
Complex Formation between Potyvirus VPg and Translation Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4E Correlates with Virus Infectivity (2000)

The interaction between the viral protein linked to the genome (VPg) of turnip mosaic potyvirus (TuMV) and the translation eukaryotic initiation factor eIF(iso)4E of Arabidopsis thaliana has previously been reported. eIF(iso)4E binds the cap structure (m(7)GpppN, where N is any nucleotide) of mRNAs and has an important role in the regulation in the initiation of translation. In the present study, it was shown that not only did VPg bind eIF(iso)4E but it also interacted with the eIF4E isomer of A. thaliana as well as with eIF(iso)4E of Triticum aestivum (wheat). The interaction domain on VPg was mapped to a stretch of 35 amino acids, and substitution of an aspartic acid residue found within this region completely abolished the interaction. The cap analogue m(7)GTP, but not GTP, inhibited VPg-eIF(iso)4E complex formation, suggesting that VPg and cellular mRNAs compete for eIF(iso)4E binding. The biological significance of this interaction was investigated. Brassica perviridis plants were infected with a TuMV infectious cDNA (p35Tunos) and p35TuD77N, a mutant which contained the aspartic acid substitution in the VPg domain that abolished the interaction with eIF(iso)4E. After 20 days, plants bombarded with p35Tunos showed viral symptoms, while plants bombarded with p35TuD77N remained symptomless. These results suggest that VPg-eIF(iso)4E interaction is a critical element for virus production.
Monolithic Nanostructured Silicate Family Templated by Lyotropic Liquid-Crystalline Nonionic Surfactant Mesophases (2003)

A family of well-defined highly ordered mesoporous silica materials (designated as HOM) was synthesized by using a high concentration of nonionic amphiphile of Brij 56 surfactant (C18EO10) as a structure-directing species. Monolithic nanostructures with regular arrays and extended periodicity were produced under acidic conditions and different ambient temperatures (25−45 °C). Liquid-crystal phases formed in aqueous/silica domains played an important role in controlling the monolithic structural morphology. The direct templating method enhanced the phase topology of Brij 56 with three-dimensional (3-D) accessible mesoporous silica of primitive-centered cubic Pn3m (HOM-7), 3-D hexagonal P63/mmc (HOM-3), and solid phase (S) with cubic Ia3d space group (HOM-5) mesophases. By adjustment of the phase behavior of Brij 56/TMOS mass ratio, ca. 35, 50, 70, and 75 wt %, the method yielded predictable mesophase structures of cubic spherical micellar Im3m (HOM-1), 2-D hexagonal P6mm (HOM-2), bicontinuous cubic Ia3d (HOM-5), and lamellar L∞ (HOM-6), respectively. A significant result was that the long-range ordered silica monoliths remained unchanged throughout the fast condensation of TMOS and removal of Brij 56 surfactant. Furthermore, all of the silica monoliths (HOM-types) had high surface area, uniform mesopore channels, well-defined morphological architectures, and large wall thickness of materials. HOM mesoporous molecular sieves were characterized by using powder X-ray diffraction, the Brunauer−Emmett−Teller method for nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that this direct template methodology can be used to successfully synthesize periodic mesoporous silica monoliths with a high degree of control over the mesopore morphology and the surfactant mesophase structures.
CSF 5‐HIAA Predicts Suicide Risk After Attempted Suicide (1994)

Suicide risk after attempted suicide, as predicted by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) monoamine metabolite concentrations, was studied in a sample of 92 psychiatric mood disorder inpatients admitted shortly after attempting suicide. The potential of the serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in the CSF to predict suicide risk within the first year after attempted suicide was studied by means of survival analysis after after median split subgrouping. Eleven patients (12%) committed suicide within 1 year after attempted suicide. Eight of these belonged to the below-the-median (< 87 nM) CSF 5-HIAA subgroup, that is, the suicide risk was 17% as compared with 7% among those with above-the-median CSF 5-HIAA. The cumulative number of survived patient-months during the first year after attempted suicide was significantly lower in the low CSF 5-HIAA subgroup. It was concluded that low CSF 5-HIAA predicts short-range suicide risk after attempted suicide in mood disorder psychiatric inpatients. These findings lend further support to the serotonin hypothesis of suicide risk.
Top-k densest subgraphs in sliding-window graph streams. (2016)

Given a large graph, the densest-subgraph problem asks to find a subgraph with maximum average degree. When considering the top-k version of this problem, a naive solution is to iteratively find the densest subgraph and remove it in each iteration. However, such a solution is impractical due to high processing cost. The problem is further complicated when dealing with dynamic graphs, since adding or removing an edge requires re-running the algorithm. In this paper, we study the top-k densest subgraph problem in the sliding-window model and propose an efficient fully-dynamic algorithm. The input of our algorithm consists of an edge stream, and the goal is to find the node-disjoint subgraphs that maximize the sum of their densities. In contrast to existing state-of-the-art solutions that require iterating over the entire graph upon any update, our algorithm profits from the observation that updates only affect a limited region of the graph. Therefore, the top-k densest subgraphs are maintained by only applying local updates. We provide a theoretical analysis of the proposed algorithm and show empirically that the algorithm often generates denser subgraphs than state-of-the-art competitors. Experiments show an improvement in efficiency of up to three to five orders of magnitude compared to state-of-the-art solutions.
Obesity and Cancer Progression: Is There a Role of Fatty Acid Metabolism? (2015)

Currently, there is renewed interest in elucidating the metabolic characteristics of cancer and how these characteristics may be exploited as therapeutic targets. Much attention has centered on glucose, glutamine and de novo lipogenesis, yet the metabolism of fatty acids that arise from extracellular, as well as intracellular, stores as triacylglycerol has received much less attention. This review focuses on the key pathways of fatty acid metabolism, including uptake, esterification, lipolysis, and mitochondrial oxidation, and how the regulators of these pathways are altered in cancer. Additionally, we discuss the potential link that fatty acid metabolism may serve between obesity and changes in cancer progression.
Damping control combined to output stage for a multi-modular matrix converter (2013)

This paper discusses a damping control that is applied for multi-modular matrix converters to suppress the oscillation by the LC resonance caused from the input filter. The multi-modular matrix converter connects a multiple winding transformer with several modules, which each module is consisting of a three-phase to single-phase matrix converter. It is found that the multi-modular matrix converter has the resonance problem between the leakage inductance of the transformer and filter capacitors. In this paper, the damping control that is combined to the output current control of the multi-modular matrix converter is implemented to suppress the resonance and to achieve better input current quality. The proposed damping control can divert the output current sensors for ACR (Auto Current Regulator), which is generally used in adjustable speed drive system of a motor, and additional sensors are not required. From the experimental results, the proposed damping control improves the input current THD by 72.1%.
Kiwi: a tool for integration and visualization of network topology and gene-set analysis (2014)

Kiwi is a tool that enhances interpretability of high-throughput data. It allows the users not only to discover a list of significant entities or processes as in gene-set analysis, but also to visualize whether these entities or processes are isolated or connected by means of their biological interaction. Kiwi is available as a Python package at http://www.sysbio.se/kiwi and an online tool in the BioMet Toolbox at http://www.biomet-toolbox.org.
Glycerol and the skin: holistic approach to its origin and functions (2008)

Glycerol is a trihydroxy alcohol that has been included for many years in topical dermatological preparations. In addition, endogenous glycerol plays a role in skin hydration, cutaneous elasticity and epidermal barrier repair. The aquaporin-3 transport channel and lipid metabolism in the pilosebaceous unit have been evidenced as potential pathways for endogenous delivery of glycerol and for its metabolism in the skin. Multiple effects of glycerol on the skin have been reported. The diverse actions of the polyol glycerol on the epidermis include improvement of stratum corneum hydration, skin barrier function and skin mechanical properties, inhibition of the stratum corneum lipid phase transition, protection against irritating stimuli, enhancement of desmosomal degradation, and acceleration of wound-healing processes. Even an antimicrobial effect has been demonstrated. Topical application of glycerol-containing products improves skin properties in diseases characterized by xerosis and impaired epidermal barrier function, such as atopic dermatitis. The increase of epidermal hydration by glycerol is critical in skin conditions aggravated by dry and cold environmental conditions, e.g. winter xerosis. This paper provides a review on effects of glycerol on the skin, the mechanisms of its action, and the potential applications of glycerol in dermatology.
A General Software Defect-Proneness Prediction Framework (2010)

BACKGROUND - Predicting defect-prone software components is an economically important activity and so has received a good deal of attention. However, making sense of the many, and sometimes seemingly inconsistent, results is difficult. OBJECTIVE - We propose and evaluate a general framework for software defect prediction that supports 1) unbiased and 2) comprehensive comparison between competing prediction systems. METHOD - The framework is comprised of 1) scheme evaluation and 2) defect prediction components. The scheme evaluation analyzes the prediction performance of competing learning schemes for given historical data sets. The defect predictor builds models according to the evaluated learning scheme and predicts software defects with new data according to the constructed model. In order to demonstrate the performance of the proposed framework, we use both simulation and publicly available software defect data sets. RESULTS - The results show that we should choose different learning schemes for different data sets (i.e., no scheme dominates), that small details in conducting how evaluations are conducted can completely reverse findings, and last, that our proposed framework is more effective and less prone to bias than previous approaches. CONCLUSIONS - Failure to properly or fully evaluate a learning scheme can be misleading; however, these problems may be overcome by our proposed framework.
Decentralized anchor-free localization for wireless ad-hoc sensor networks (2008)

This paper proposes algorithms for establishing connectivity and location estimation in wireless sensor networks. The algorithms exploit the information flow while coping with distributed signal processing and the requirements of network scalability. Once the estimation procedure and communication protocol are performed, sensor clusters can be merged to establish a single global coordinate system without GPS sensors using only distance information. In order to adjust the sensor positions, the refinement schemes are applied to reduce the estimation error such that the propagation error can be suppressed. This paper outlines the technical foundations of the localization techniques and presents the tradeoffs in algorithm design. The feasibility of the proposed schemes is shown to be effective under certain assumptions and the analysis is supported by simulation and numerical studies.
β-Catenin Inversely Regulates Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-D mRNA Stability (2003)

The angiogenic and lymphangiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-D is the only member of the VEGF family that is not induced by hypoxia or by serum factors, but its induction is mediated by direct cell-cell contact. Here we show that VEGF-D mRNA is down-modulated either by beta-catenin mobilization from the cell membrane, by activation of the Wnt signaling pathway, or by transfection with the beta-catenin stable mutant. Down-modulation of beta-catenin by means of RNA interference showed an increase of VEGF-D mRNA steady state in fibroblasts. The beta-catenin-dependent decrease of VEGF-D mRNA is indirect and mainly due to reduced VEGF-D mRNA stability, as demonstrated by experiments of mRNA decay in the presence of transcription or translation inhibitors. By transient transfection of chimeric constructs carrying fusion of VEGF-D sequences under the control of the cytomegalovirus early promoter, we demonstrated that beta-catenin negative regulation is on the VEGF-D mRNA 3'-untranslated region. We mapped the VEGF-D mRNA-destabilizing element to a sequence, conserved between mouse and human VEGF-D, which contains an AU-rich element of group I. These results unveiled a new regulatory pathway for VEGF-D, which explains, at least in part, VEGF-D regulation in tumor progression.
Structure of the chromosomal gene and cDNAs coding for lactase-phlorizin hydrolase in humans with adult-type hypolactasia or persistence of lactase. (1991)

Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH) splits lactose in the small intestine. LPH activity is high in the suckling; in many human populations the activity declines in adults, leading to adult-type hypolactasia, whereas in other populations the high LPH activity persists in adults. In the present work, we compared LPH sequences at the gene and cDNA level among adult subjects with high and low LPH activity. The complete intron-exon organization, including the sequences of all 17 exons and of the borders of all introns (as well as about 1,000 bp of 5' flanking region), was established for the cloned chromosomal LPH gene of a subject with persistence of lactase. Using PCR, we directly sequenced the exons of a hypolactasic subject. Except for silent mutations and the unknown linkage phase at two heterozygous positions, both coding sequences were identical. We further examined the LPH mRNA of a hypolactasic subject by S1 mapping and by sequencing a set of overlapping PCR products produced from cDNA templates. Except for allelic differences, the LPH sequence of the hypolactasic subject was identical to that of the LPH cDNAs of three subjects with persistence of lactase (one cDNA isolated previously by cloning and two characterized in the present work by PCR). No allele was peculiar to the hypolactasic subject. We conclude that humans with high or low levels of lactase can code for identical LPH enzymes.
An Ensemble Classifier for Predicting the Onset of Type II Diabetes (2017)

Prediction of disease onset from patient survey and lifestyle data is quickly becoming an important tool for diagnosing a disease before it progresses. In this study, data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) questionnaire is used to predict the onset of type II diabetes. An ensemble model using the output of five classification algorithms was developed to predict the onset on diabetes based on 16 features. The ensemble model had an AUC of 0.834 indicating high performance.