gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Image processing techniques to perform an autonomous system to translate relief braille into black-ink, called: Lectobraille (1988)

The principles of relief acquisition with the use of a camera and a frame memory controlled by a microcomputer are presented. The use of spatial filtering techniques, especially polynomial filtering, followed by median filtering, erosion, and dilatation, permits the contrasted relief to be extracted from the bottom. After thresholding, an adaptive recognition method is applied, using projection of the braille characters to supply the braille-coded chain of the text.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fundholding in northern region: the first year. (1993)

The results offer some encouragement to the proponents of fundholding, but more longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the misgivings of critics of the scheme. Fundholders are uncertain about their ability to make savings year after year, particularly in an increasingly cost contained environment.
Effects of Elevated Temperature Conditioning on Youthful and Mature Beef Carcasses (1976)

Single sides from each of 27 steer and 21 cow carcasses were placed in a 0 to 2 C holding cooler 1 hr post-exsanguination. Counterpart sides from each carcass were placed in a 14 to 19 C cooler for 12, 16 or 20 hr (nine steer and seven cow sides per time interval) and then moved to the 0 to 2 C cooler for the remainder of a 48-hr storage period. At 48 hr postmortem, steaks from steer and cow sides held at 14 to 19 C for 20 hr were significantly more tender than those from normally chilled sides. Panel tenderness ratings for steaks removed 7 days postmortem revealed that steaks from sides stored for 12 hr at 14 to 19 C were more tender than those from control sides. Steaks from mature (cow) carcasses exhibited a greater tenderness response to temperature treatments than did steaks from the youthful (steer) carcasses. The sarcomere lengths of myofibrils from cow carcasses were significantly greater for sides held at a higher temperature for 20 hours. Bacterial counts at the termination of the 48-hr storage period were not significantly (P<.05) different between control and treated sides. Pre-rigor storage at elevated temperatures enhanced the visual appearance of subsequent steaks from steer and cow carcasses. In 115 of 120 comparisons (P<.05 in 40 comparisons) steaks from treated sides displayed numerically higher ratings than steaks from control sides for muscle color, consumer acceptability and discoloration during 5 days of retail display.
Low-coherence fiber-optic sensor with a large numerical aperture for topographic measurements (1998)

We describe a compact fiber-optic setup for three-dimensional topometry. The measuring principle is based on low-coherence interferometry in combination with a confocal microscope. Integrating an optical arrangement based on compact disk optics together with fiber optics into one sensor yields a compact unit. The sensor has a numerical aperture of 0.45 and is suitable for measuring large surface slopes with high spatial resolution. Further, a depth measuring range of more than 1 mm can be achieved. The capabilities of our setup for three-dimensional measurements are demonstrated.
The Unusual Effect of Bandgap Lowering by C<sub>60</sub> on a Conjugated Polymer (2005)

Polymers with lowered bandgaps (see Figure) are produced from monomers containing a bisfulleroid as an electron-acceptor and thiophene as an electron-donor, fused by a thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine bridge. The bandgaps could reach as low as 0.25 eV. Electron flow from the poly(thiophene) backbone to the fullerene through the covalently bound thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine unit in the ground state makes this polymer a good candidate for the fabrication of photovoltaics and photoconductors.
Photodimerization of a <i>m</i>-Phenylenebis(arylmethanofullerene):  The First Rigorous Proof for Photochemical Inter-Fullerene [2 + 2] Cycloaddition (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTPhotodimerization of a m-Phenylenebis(arylmethanofullerene): The First Rigorous Proof for Photochemical Inter-Fullerene [2 + 2] CycloadditionJoop Knol and Jan C. HummelenView Author Information Stratingh Institute and Materials Science Center University of Groningen, Department of Chemistry Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 13, 3226–3227Publication Date (Web):March 16, 2000Publication History Received8 November 1999Revised2 February 2000Published online16 March 2000Published inissue 1 April 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja993931nhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja993931nrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views433Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Carbon nanomaterials,Cyclization,Mixtures,Nanospheres,Photodimerization Get e-Alerts
Effects of Dietary Arabinogalactan on Gastrointestinal and Blood Parameters in Healthy Human Subjects (2001)

These data suggest that dietary AG is easily incorporated into the diet, well tolerated in subjects and has some positive effects on fecal chemistry.
Bioelectrical Impedance Assay to Monitor Changes in Aspirin‐Treated Human Colon Cancer HT‐29 Cell Shape during Apoptosis (2006)

Abstract Physiological cell death occurs primarily through an evolutionarily conserved form of cell suicide termed apoptosis, which may be triggered by cytokines, depletion of growth factors, or certain chemicals. It is morphologically characterized by severe alterations in cell shape like cell shrinkage and disintegration of cell–cell contacts. Aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit proliferation of human colon cancer cells in vitro. We applied a noninvasive bioelectrical impedance assay referred to as electric cell–substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) in order to monitor the apoptosis‐induced changes in human colon cancer HT‐29 cell shape in an integral and quantitative fashion with a time resolution on the order of minutes. In whole‐cell biosensors the cells are grown directly on the surface of small gold‐film electrodes. From readings of the electrical impedance of the cell‐covered electrode, we deduced alterations of aspirin on HT‐29 cells in cell–cell and cell–substrate contacts. And the apoptosis was verified by transmission electron microscope. Keywords: AspirinapoptosisECISbioelectrical impedance assaywhole‐cell biosensor We thank Ch. Zhou and L. Wang for helpful discussions and comments on the manuscript, Dr. D. Wright for his assistance with manuscript presentation, and Dr. H. Smith for her review of the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from the State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs (No. 0200006209089112565) and Beijing Natural Science Foundation of China (No. H010210640121). Notes *This author contributed to the work equally to the first author.
Boron-Mediated Aldol Reaction of Carboxylic Esters:  Complementary Anti- and Syn-Selective Asymmetric Aldol Reactions (2002)

The boron-mediated aldol reaction of carboxylic esters is described in detail. Contrary to the general belief that carboxylic esters are inert under the condition of the boron enolate formation, propionate esters are enolized with certain combinations of a boron triflate and an amine. More importantly, the stereochemical course of the aldol reaction can be controlled by the judicious selection of the enolization reagents. Treatment of propionate esters with c-Hex2BOTf and triethylamine produces anti-aldol products, and that with Bu2BOTf and diisopropylethylamine gives syn-aldol products selectively after reaction with aldehydes. Complementary anti- and syn-selective asymmetric aldol reactions with structurally related, readily available chiral norephedrine-derived propionate esters are developed.
Trusted Application-Centric Ad-Hoc Networks (2007)

Nodes in MANETs lack the protection offered by firewalls in infrastructure-based networks because malicious nodes can roam into the vicinity of another node and start launching attacks. This paper presents a distributed mechanism that allows trusted nodes to create protected networks in MANETs. A protected network is created to run a specific application and enforce a common network access control policy associated with that application. To become a member in the protected network, a node has to demonstrate its trustworthiness by proving its ability to enforce policies. Attacks from untrusted nodes are impossible because these nodes are not allowed to establish wireless links with member nodes. Attacks from member nodes are stopped at the originators by the network policy. The trusted execution of all programs involved in policy enforcement is guaranteed by a kernel agent. We demonstrate the correctness of our solution through security analysis and its feasibility through a prototype implementation tested over an IEEE 802.11 ad hoc network.
Announcing a special issue of the IEEE journal of quantum electronics on tunable solid-state sources (1984)

Provides upcoming special issue information of interest to practitioners and researchers.
Asymptotic Performance Evaluation of Space-Frequency MMSE Filters for OFDM (2004)

This paper proposes and analyzes two different linear space-frequency architectures for the reception of OFDM-modulated signals: the classical sample matrix inversion (SMI) algorithm and a new architecture that maximizes the output signal-to-interference-plus noise ratio (MSINR). The performance of these two linear receivers is compared in terms of asymptotic output SINR, taking into account the finite sample size effect through the asymptotic covariance of the filter weights. The analysis is asymptotic in the sense that the performance is analyzed, assuming that both the number of carriers and the prefix length of the OFDM signal increase without bound at the same rate, whereas their quotient remains constant. Assuming that the carrier frequencies become asymptotically close to one another, we are able to derive explicit equations that shed some light on the influence of the frequency selectivity of channel and interference on the relative performance of the two approaches. The results are useful in the sense that they provide first-order approximations to the (asymptotically) optimum number of adjacent carriers to be processed by a single beamformer in a finite sample size situation.
Representing discourse for automatic text summarization via shallow nlp techinques (2005)

En esta tesis se trata el problema se resume automatico desde una perspectiva linguistica. Se muestra que muchas aproximaciones satisfactorias al problema la abordan mediante caracteristicas generales de los textos. La tesis muestra que algunos propiedades generales de la organizacion discursiva de los Textos se pueden edentificar a nivel superficial, que aportan evidencia objetiva para las teorias sobre la organzacion de los textos y que son utiles para mejorar aproximaciones existentes al resumen automatico. Para mostrar esta oseveracion, he identificado y sistematizado claves dsicursivas relevanes y he validado su utilidad empiricamente.
A CMOS Magnitude/Phase Measurement Chip for Impedance Spectroscopy (2013)

The measurement of electrical impedance is used in a plethora of biomedical applications. The most common technique used is synchronous demodulation, which provides the real and imaginary parts of the impedance. However, in practice, the method requires elaborate calibration and matching between the injection and monitoring stages. This paper presents the integrated realization of an alternative method that is less intricate to implement. The circuit was fabricated in a 0.35-μm CMOS technology, occupies an active area of 0.4 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , and dissipates about 21 mW of power from ±2.5 V supplies. The chip was used to measure equivalent RC circuits of the electrode-tissue interface over the frequency range of 100 Hz to 100 kHz, showing good correlation with the theoretical results.
Sexual and Relationship Therapy – International Perspectives on Theory, Research and Practice (2014)

These instructions will be published in the February issue (Number 1) of Sexual and Relationship Therapy – International Perspectives on Theory, Research and Practice each year. An up to date versi...
Dynamics and Reachability of Learning Tasks (2018)

We compute the transition probability between two learning tasks, and show that it decomposes into two factors. The first depends on the geometry of the loss landscape of a model trained on each task, independent of any particular model used. This is related to an information theoretic distance function, but is insufficient to predict success in transfer learning, as nearby tasks can be unreachable via fine-tuning. The second factor depends on the ease of traversing the path between two tasks. With this dynamic component, we derive strict lower bounds on the complexity necessary to learn a task starting from the solution to another, which is one of the most common forms of transfer learning.
Design and Performance Testing of a Subsea Compact Separation System for Deepwater Applications (2014)

ExxonMobil Upstream Research Company recently completed a technology development and qualification program, which included performance tests on an integrated subsea compact separation system for ultradeepwater applications.
A new single-phase multilevel current-source inverter (2004)

A new single-phase multilevel current-source inverter (CSI) topology is proposed. The structure of this new topology is very simple. The switching strategy that can ensure equal current division among the branches and current harmonics reduction is presented. Simulations as well as practical experiments analyze the characteristics of this new topology.
Ischaemic preconditioning delays ischaemia induced cellular electrical uncoupling in rabbit myocardium by activation of ATP sensitive potassium channels (1993)

(1) Preconditioning delays the onset of electrical uncoupling; (2) the protective effect of preconditioning may be caused by activation of the IK-ATP channel; (3) the protective effect is associated with reduction of action potential duration, but not with changes of conduction velocity.
Automated Cloud Infrastructure, Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery using Docker with Robust Container Security (2019)

Recent industry trends have determined that cloud computing has proven to be a very demanding and lucrative field. Regardless of the size of an organization, they are transitioning to the cloud platform for multiple reasons. Despite cloud providers effort to make the transition smooth, we firmly believe that we have not reached to that point yet, but with the proper set of tools and leveraging best practices, we can certainly make this transition efficient and robust. There are various essential layers that all are working closely together to make cloud automation and platform orchestration successful. This paper provides a brief cloud technology overview and guideline on how cloud computing technology is transforming industrial automation for the future, enhancing productivity and cost optimization. This paper also examines a strategy for effective deployment and maintenance so that automated resources can be managed effectively, provisioned rapidly and released with little to no admin efforts.
Decrease in Seroma Rate After Adopting Progressive Tension Sutures Without Drains: A Single Surgery Center Experience of 451 Abdominoplasties Over 7 Years (2016)

4 Therapeutic.
The International Observatory on End of Life Care (2004)

The development of palliative care is proceeding rapidly in some areas of the world, but major problems continue to exist in several countries and regions. Comparative research evidence to inform palliative care development is limited and can be difficult to obtain, especially for resource poor settings. International collaboration is needed to promote and disseminate an evidence base to support the growth of palliative care. The aims and plans of the newly created International Observatory on End of Life Care are described, together with its orientation to global partnership and collaboration. The Observatory will build on public health models to provide research-based intelligence about palliative care around the world, drawing also on cultural, historical and ethical perspectives.
The Diverse Impacts of Politically Diverse Networks: Party Systems, Political Disagreement, and the Timing of Vote Decisions (2015)

Journal Article The Diverse Impacts of Politically Diverse Networks: Party Systems, Political Disagreement, and the Timing of Vote Decisions Get access Amy Erica Smith Amy Erica Smith Department of Political Science, Iowa State University, 553 Ross Hall, Ames, IA 50010, USA Amy Erica Smith is an assistant professor of political science at Iowa State University, and holds a Ph.D. in political science from the University of Pittsburgh. Her research examines public opinion, civil society, religion and politics, and democratization cross-nationally, with a particular focus on Latin America and Brazil. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Journal of Public Opinion Research, Volume 27, Issue 4, Winter 2015, Pages 481–496, https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpor/edv018 Published: 23 July 2015
Low telomerase activity in CD4+ regulatory T cells in patients with severe chronic GVHD after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (2011)

CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Treg) play an important role in the control of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD). In this study, we examined telomere length and telomerase activity of Treg and conventional CD4(+) T cells (Tcon) in 61 patients who survived more than 2 years after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Cell proliferation and expression of Bcl-2 were also measured in each subset. Treg telomere length was shorter and Treg telomerase activity was increased compared with Tcon (P < .0001). After transplantation, Treg were also more highly proliferative than Tcon (P < .0001). Treg number, telomerase activity, and expression of Bcl-2 were each inversely associated with severity of cGVHD. These data indicate that activation of telomerase is not sufficient to prevent telomere shortening in highly proliferative Treg. However, telomerase activation is associated with increased Bcl-2 expression and higher Treg numbers in patients with no or mild cGVHD. In contrast, patients with moderate or severe cGVHD have fewer Treg with lower levels of telomerase activity and Bcl-2 expression. These results suggest that failure to activate Treg telomerase may restrict proliferative capacity and increase apoptotic susceptibility, resulting in the loss of peripheral tolerance and the development of cGVHD.
Expression of Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs) in Rat Granulosa Cells during Ovarian Follicular Development and Atresia<sup>1</sup> (1998)

The inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) constitute a family of highly conserved apoptosis suppressor proteins that was originally identified in baculoviruses. Although IAP homologs have been recently identified and demonstrated to suppress apoptosis in mammalian cells, their expression and role during follicular development and atresia are unknown. The present study was conducted to address these questions. Using established in vivo models for the induction of follicular development and atresia in immature rats, it was possible to compare the immunolocalization of X-link inhibitor of apoptosis protein (Xiap) and human inhibitor of apoptosis protein-2 (Hiap-2), two members of the IAP family, at defined stages of follicular maturation and to relate the differences observed with those of follicular cell proliferation and apoptosis [as determined by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemistry and in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin end labeling (TUNEL), respectively]. In addition, granulosa cell DNA and proteins were assessed for apoptotic fragmentation by 3'-end labeling/agarose gel electrophoresis (DNA ladder) and Hiap-2 and Xiap protein content by Western blot analysis, respectively. Hiap-2 and Xiap expression in both granulosa and theca cells increased with follicular maturation, reaching maximal levels at the antral stage of development. The immunoreactivity for PCNA, Xiap, and Hiap-2 decreased markedly in atretic (TUNEL-positive) follicles at the small to medium sized antral stage of development, suggesting follicular atresia may be associated with decreased granulosa cell IAP protein content and decreased proliferation. Atresia was also associated with a change in the intracellular distribution of IAPs in granulosa cells. Biochemical analysis of DNA fragmentation (DNA ladder) in granulosa cells from preantral and early antral follicles indicates extensive apoptosis that was associated with minimal IAP protein content. Gonadotropin treatment increased Hiap-2 and Xiap protein content and suppressed apoptosis in granulosa cells, resulting in the development of follicles to the antral and preovulatory stages. In addition, gonadotropin withdrawal induced apoptotic DNA fragmentation in granulosa cells in early antral and antral follicles, which is accompanied by a marked decrease in Hiap-2 and Xiap expression. These data suggest that IAPs may be involved in the suppression of granulosa cell apoptosis by gonadotropin in small to medium-sized antral follicles and play an important role in determining the fate of the cells, and thus also the eventual follicular destiny (atresia vs. ovulation).
Antibody–Drug Conjugates and Small Molecule–Drug Conjugates: Opportunities and Challenges for the Development of Selective Anticancer Cytotoxic Agents (2015)

Conventional cancer chemotherapy heavily relies on the use of cytotoxic agents, which typically do not preferentially localize at the tumor site and cause toxicity to normal organs, preventing dose escalation to therapeutically active regimens. In principle, antibodies and other ligands could be used for the selective pharmacodelivery of cytotoxic agents to the neoplastic mass. For many years, the availability of ligands, capable of selective internalization into tumor cells, has been considered to be an essential requirement for the development of targeted cytotoxics. This assumption, however, has recently been challenged on the basis of therapeutic data obtained with noninternalizing drug conjugates. Moreover, quantitative evaluations of the tumor targeting properties of antibodies and of small organic ligands have provided new insights for the implementation of optimal strategies for the development of targeted cytotoxics. In this article, we highlight opportunities and challenges associated with the clinical and industrial development of antibody-drug conjugates and small molecule-drug conjugates for cancer therapy.