gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Graphical indicia (2004)

We present an authenticate graphical barcode symbology, and describe a system for its reliable encoding and decoding is presented. The graphical barcode is generated by modulating halftone patterns according to the message to be embedded in the barcode during the rendering of a base image. The generated barcode has the appearance of the base image, and when it is printed and scanned back in, the message can be retrieved. A graphical indicium is a graphical barcode embedded with a digitally signed message such that the integrity and authenticity of the message can be verified.
Cobalt(III)-catalyzed trifluoroacetoxylation of benzene (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCobalt(III)-catalyzed trifluoroacetoxylation of benzeneRobert DiCosimo and Hsiao Chiung SzaboCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 8, 1365–1367Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00358a042https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00358a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views370Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
BILL-E: Robotic Platform for Locomotion and Manipulation of Lightweight Space Structures (2017)

We describe a robotic platform for traversing and manipulating a modular 3D lattice structure. The robot is designed to operate within a specifically structured environment, which enables low numbers of degrees of freedom (DOF) compared to robots performing comparable tasks in an unstructured environment. This allows for simple controls, as well as low mass and cost. This approach, designing the robot relative to the local environment in which it operates, results in a type of robot we call a "relative robot." We describe a bipedal robot that can locomote across a periodic lattice structure, as well as being able to handle, manipulate, and transport building block parts that compose the lattice structure. Based on a general inchworm design, the robot has added functionality for traveling over and operating on a host structure.
Multimodal optical device for early childhood caries: a clinical prototype (2013)

There is currently a need for a safe and effective way to detect and diagnose early childhood caries. We have developed a multimodal optical clinical prototype for testing <i>in vivo</i>. The device can be used to quickly image and screen for any signs of demineralized enamel by obtaining high-resolution and highcontrast surface images using a 405-nm laser as the illumination source, as well as obtaining autofluorescence and bacterial fluorescence images. Then, when a suspicious region is located, the device can perform dual laser fluorescence spectroscopy using 405-nm and 532-nm laser excitation which is used to compute an autofluorescence ratio. This ratio can be used to quantitatively diagnose enamel health. The device is tested on four <i>in vivo</i> test subjects as well as 17 extracted teeth with clinically diagnosed carious lesions. The device was able to provide detailed images which served to screen for suspected early caries. The autofluorescence ratios obtained from the extracted teeth were able to discriminate between healthy and unhealthy enamel. Therefore, the clinical prototype demonstrates feasibility in screening for and in quantitatively diagnosing healthy from demineralized enamel.
Interpolation of multicomponent streamer data using extended structure tensors. Part 1: Interpolating the pressure field. (2015)

Summary We present a data-driven method, based on extended structure tensors, that interpolates multicomponent, marine seismic data. The method is designed to interpolate pressure measurements and their normal derivatives using directional information from the crossline derivative of the pressure field.
Inhibition of Sodium Ion Channel Function with Truncated Forms of Batrachotoxin (2016)

A novel family of small molecule inhibitors of voltage-gated sodium channels (Na<sub>V</sub>s) based on the structure of batrachotoxin (BTX), a well-known channel agonist, is described. Protein mutagenesis and electrophysiology experiments reveal the binding site as the inner pore region of the channel, analogous to BTX, alkaloid toxins, and local anesthetics. Homology modeling of the eukaryotic channel based on recent crystallographic analyses of bacterial Na<sub>V</sub>s suggests a mechanism of action for ion conduction block.
Binding of Intimin from Enteropathogenic<i>Escherichia coli</i>to Lymphocytes and Its Functional Consequences (2003)

Intimin-conjugated fluorescent beads bind to spleen CD4 T cells and Peyer's patch, mesenteric lymph node, and cecal follicle lymphocytes, with less binding to lamina propria T cells and intraepithelial lymphocytes. Intimin costimulates proliferation of spleen CD4 T cells and cells from organized lymphoid tissues but does not costimulate cells from the lamina propria of normal or inflamed colon.
cDNA clones encoding IgE-binding factors from a rat-mouse T-cell hybridoma. (1985)

cDNA clones encoding rodent IgE-binding factors (IgE-BF) were isolated from cDNA libraries of a rat-mouse T hybridoma that secretes IgE-suppressive factor (IgE-SF) upon incubation with rat IgE. COS7 cells transfected with two of the cDNAs expressed IgE-BF, which selectively potentiate an in vitro IgE response. IgE-BF expressed in COS7 cells are glycoproteins of approximately equal to 60 and approximately equal to 11 kDa. DNA sequence analysis of an IgE-BF cDNA revealed a 556-amino acid (62 kDa) protein coding region. The results suggest that IgE-potentiating and IgE-suppressive factors share common precursor polypeptides and that the 11-kDa IgE-BF is derived from a 60-kDa precursor.
Detection and tracking of shopping groups in stores (2005)

We describe a monocular real-time computer vision system that identifies shopping groups by detecting and tracking multiple people as they wait in a checkout line or service counter. Our system segments each frame into foreground regions which contains multiple people. Foreground regions are further segmented into individuals using a temporal segmentation of foreground and motion cues. Once a person is detected, an appearance model based on color and edge density in conjunction with a mean-shift tracker is used to recover the person's trajectory. People are grouped together as a shopping group by analyzing interbody distances. The system also monitors the cashier's activities to determine when shopping transactions start and end. Experimental results demonstrate the robustness and real-time performance of the algorithm.
Development of Ni based single crystal superalloys for power generation gas turbine blades (2007)

AbstractAbstractIn advanced industrial gas turbine systems, there has been a great demand for new single crystal (SC) superalloys with an excellent combination of high temperature creep strength, hot corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance. In the present study, twelve nickel based SC superalloys were designed with the aid of the d-electrons concept. Their chemical compositions were in the range 1·2–1·5%Ti, 3·8–6·5%Cr, 11%Co, 0–1·4%Mo, 0–3·0%Ru, 6·5–7·4%Ta, 5·0–6·4%W, 3·6–5·4%Re, 5·1–5·5%Al, 0·12–0·14%Hf and balanced Ni in wt-%. A series of experiments such as creep rupture tests, burner rig tests and cyclic oxidation tests were conducted with the heat treated SC specimens of these alloys. Almost all the designed alloys were found to be superior in creep rupture life to a second generation superalloy currently used in the world. In the hot corrosion resistance estimated from the burner rig tests, any designed alloys were similar or even superior to a second generation superalloy. The oxidation resistance was very different among the designed alloys, but some of them showed better resistance than the second generation superalloy. Thus the SC alloys containing about 4–5 wt-%Re had ∼30°C or more higher temperature capability than the second generation superalloy, while exhibiting excellent hot corrosion resistance and good oxidation resistance.Keywords: NI BASED SUPERALLOYD-ELECTRONS CONCEPTCREEP STRENGTHOXIDATION RESISTANCEHOT CORROSION RESISTANCE
Integrated Access Backhaul in Millimeter Wave Networks (2017)

High spatial reuse through densification of wireless networks and higher amount of bandwidth are necessary to meet the increase of wireless demand in the next decade. Small cells that operate at millimeter wave (MMW) band can fulfill these two criteria. Deploying fiber to many small cell MMW base stations can be expensive and wireless backhaul can reduce this cost. A fixed access backhaul network - where the available resource is fixed separately for access and backhaul links - cannot meet the dynamic traffic demand of the network. An integrated access backaul (IAB) network - where the summation of available resource is fixed for access and backhaul links - can dynamically change the partition between access and backhaul links and meet instantaneous demand of UEs acrosss the network. This work focuses on joint cost optimal fiber drop deployment, resource allocation and routing in an IAB network. Simulation results show that IAB can significantly reduce the fiber drop deployment cost of the network compared to fixed access backhaul network.
Aptamer Identification of Brain Tumor–Initiating Cells (2013)

Glioblastomas display cellular hierarchies with self-renewing tumor-initiating cells (TIC), also known as cancer stem cells, at the apex. Although the TIC hypothesis remains controversial and the functional assays to define the TIC phenotype are evolving, we and others have shown that TICs may contribute to therapeutic resistance, tumor spread, and angiogenesis. The identification of TICs has been informed by the use of markers characterized in normal stem cells, but this approach has an inherent limitation to selectively identify TICs. To develop reagents that enrich TICs but not matched non-TICs or tissue-specific stem cells, we adopted Cell-Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (Cell-SELEX) to identify glioblastoma TIC-specific nucleic acid probes-aptamers-that specifically bind TICs. In this study, using Cell-SELEX with positive selection for TICs and negative selection for non-TICs and human neural progenitor cells, we identified TIC aptamers that specifically bind to TICs with excellent dissociation constants (Kd). These aptamers select and internalize into glioblastoma cells that self-renew, proliferate, and initiate tumors. As aptamers can be modified to deliver payloads, aptamers may represent novel agents that could selectively target or facilitate imaging of TICs.
Extended Platinum Nanotubes as Fuel Cell Catalysts (2012)

Energy consumption has relied principally on fossil fuels as an energy source; fuel cells, however, can provide a clean and sustainable alternative, an answer to the depletion and climate change concerns of fossil fuels. Within proton exchange membrane fuel cells, high catalyst cost and poor durability limit the commercial viability of the device. Recently, platinum nanotubes (PtNTs) were studied as durable, active catalysts, providing a platform to meet US Department of Energy vehicular activity targets.[1] Porous PtNTs were developed to increase nanotube surface area, improving mass activity for oxygen reduction without sacrificing durability.[2] Subsurface platinum was then replaced with palladium, forming platinum-coated palladium nanotubes.[3] By forming a core shell structure, platinum utilization was increased, reducing catalyst cost. Alternative substrates have also been examined, modifying platinum surface facets and increasing oxygen reduction specific activity. Through modification of the PtNT platform, catalyst limitations can be reduced, ensuring a commercially viable device.
PSXIV-16 Comparative in vitro effects of spray-dried and freshly-harvested Paenibacillus fortis strain 79R4 on rumen methane, nitrate, nitrite and ammonia metabolism (2019)

Abstract Nitrate supplementation into the ruminant diet can decrease ruminal methane emissions, but amounts needed to achieve appreciable decreases can risk ruminal accumulations of nitrite with potential for methemoglobinemia. A denitrifying rumen Paenibacillus fortis strain 79R4 (79R4) selected for enhanced nitrite-metabolizing ability has shown promise as a probiotic to decrease risks of nitrite toxicosis. Presently, a spray-dried prototype of this spore-forming, facultative anaerobe was tested during anaerobic culture (10 mL/tube) of rumen fluid freshly-collected from an alfalfa hay-fed cannulated Jersey cow. Cultures supplemented with 22 mM sodium nitrate and without or with inoculations of freshly-harvested (FH) cells or spray dried (SP) 79R4 spores (3 tubes/treatment; 108 cells/spores per tube) were cultured anaerobically (39oC for 24 h with 100% CO2). The FH- and SP- cells were grown aerobic, 72 h in tryptic soy broth, SP- cells were then processed and spray-dried. Nitrate-supplementation decreased (P = 0.0006; SEM = 0.31) methane production by the cultures, but this decrease was unaffected by 79R4 inoculation (2.57 µmol CH4/mL with no nitrate/no inoculum versus 0.15 µmol CH4/mL with nitrate/inoculum). Nitrate-metabolizing activity in nitrate-treated cultures were unaffected by 79R4 inoculations (P = 0.17; SEM = 0.15), rates being 0.95, 0.63 and 0.50 µmol nitrate/mL h-1 FH-, SP- and non-inoculated cultures, respectively. Nitrite accumulation rates (P = 0.10; SEM = 0.06) and peak nitrite concentrations (P = 0.06; SEM = 0.75) tended to be lower in SP- than in FH- and non-inoculated cultures (0.29, 0.47 and 0.47 µmol nitrite/mL h-1 and 3.33, 5.67 and 5.66 µmol/mL, respectively). Rates of ammonia accumulation were more rapid (P = 0.01; SEM = 0.01) in SP- and FH- than in non-inoculated cultures (0.16 and 0.15 versus 0.06 µmol/mL h-1, respectively). Results provide evidence that 79R4 prototype may aid rumen populations in detoxifying nitrite, therefore enhancing the abilities of high nitrate diets.
A new calibration technique for microwave moisture sensors (2002)

A new calibration technique was developed for implementation in microwave moisture sensors. The calibration permittivity function used for this purpose allows computation of moisture content in granular materials with significant differences in shape, dimensions and composition independent of bulk density and with temperature compensation. A three-dimensional representation is used to plot the calibration permittivity function as it depends on temperature and moisture content in wheat and corn. For each material, data points form a surface that is a plane. These planes have nearly the same coefficients which can be utilized for the development of a "universal" calibration method for moisture sensing in natural and manufactured granular materials. Foundations of the method are discussed, based on results obtained for wheat and corn over a wide temperature range and at moisture contents of practical interest.
Analysis and engineering of chromatic dispersion in silicon waveguide bends and ring resonators (2011)

We analyze chromatic dispersion in tightly curved silicon strip and slot waveguides with high index contrast. It is found that the dispersion profile is changed dramatically at both polarization states, when bending radius is reduced to a few microns. Zero-dispersion wavelength may shift by more than 220 nm, which raises a critical issue in design and optimization of micro-resonator-based devices for nonlinear applications. We propose a slot structure to tailor in-cavity dispersion and obtain spectral lines with the standard deviation of frequency-dependent free spectral range of the slot-waveguide resonator made 460 times smaller than that of a strip-waveguide resonator, making it suitable for on-chip octave-spanning frequency comb generation in mid-infrared wavelength range.
Clock synchronization for packet networks using a weighted least‐squares error filtering technique and enabling circuit emulation service (2006)

Abstract Circuit emulation service (CES) allows time‐division multiplexing (TDM) services (T1/E1 and T3/E3 circuits) to be transparently extended across a packet network. With circuit emulation over IP, for instance, TDM data received from an external device at the edge of an IP network is converted to IP packets, sent through the IP network, passed out of the IP network to its destination, and reassembled into TDM bit stream. Clock synchronization is very important for CES. This paper presents a clock synchronization scheme based on a double exponential filtering technique and a linear process model. The linear process model is used to describe the behaviour of clock synchronization errors between a transmitter and a receiver. In the clock synchronization scheme, the transmitter periodically sends explicit time indications or timestamps to a receiver to enable the receiver to synchronize its local clock to the transmitter's clock. A phase‐locked loop (PLL) at the receiver processes the transmitted timestamps to generate timing signal for the receiver. The PLL has a simple implementation and provides both fast responsiveness (i.e. fast acquisition of transmitter frequency at a receiver) and significant jitter reduction in the locked state. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Strain engineering to prevent norleucine incorporation during recombinant protein production in <scp><i>E</i></scp><i>scherichia coli</i> (2014)

Incorporation of norleucine in place of methionine residues during recombinant protein production in Escherichia coli is well known. Continuous feeding of methionine is commonly used in E. coli recombinant protein production processes to prevent norleucine incorporation. Although this strategy is effective in preventing norleucine incorporation, there are several disadvantages associated with continuous feeding. Continuous feeding increases the operational complexity and the overall cost of the fermentation process. In addition, the continuous feed leads to undesirable dilution of the fermentation medium possibly resulting in lower cell densities and recombinant protein yields. In this work, the genomes of three E. coli hosts were engineered by introducing chromosomal mutations that result in methionine overproduction in the cell. The recombinant protein purified from the fermentations using the methionine overproducing hosts had no norleucine incorporation. Furthermore, these studies demonstrated that the fermentations using one of the methionine overproducing hosts exhibited comparable fermentation performance as the control host in three different recombinant protein production processes.
Time dependent pre-treatment EPID dosimetry for standard and FFF VMAT (2014)

Methods to calibrate Megavoltage electronic portal imaging devices (EPIDs) for dosimetry have been previously documented for dynamic treatments such as intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) using flattened beams and typically using integrated fields. While these methods verify the accumulated field shape and dose, the dose rate and differential fields remain unverified. The aim of this work is to provide an accurate calibration model for time dependent pre-treatment dose verification using amorphous silicon (a-Si) EPIDs in volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for both flattened and flattening filter free (FFF) beams. A general calibration model was created using a Varian TrueBeam accelerator, equipped with an aS1000 EPID, for each photon spectrum 6 MV, 10 MV, 6 MV-FFF, 10 MV-FFF. As planned VMAT treatments use control points (CPs) for optimization, measured images are separated into corresponding time intervals for direct comparison with predictions. The accuracy of the calibration model was determined for a range of treatment conditions. Measured and predicted CP dose images were compared using a time dependent gamma evaluation using criteria (3%, 3 mm, 0.5 sec). Time dependent pre-treatment dose verification is possible without an additional measurement device or phantom, using the on-board EPID. Sufficient data is present in trajectory log files and EPID frame headers to reliably synchronize and resample portal images. For the VMAT plans tested, significantly more deviation is observed when analysed in a time dependent manner for FFF and non-FFF plans than when analysed using only the integrated field. We show EPID-based pre-treatment dose verification can be performed on a CP basis for VMAT plans. This model can measure pre-treatment doses for both flattened and unflattened beams in a time dependent manner which highlights deviations that are missed in integrated field verifications.
Genome-wide association and meta-analysis of bipolar disorder in individuals of European ancestry (2009)

Bipolar disorder (BP) is a disabling and often life-threatening disorder that affects approximately 1% of the population worldwide. To identify genetic variants that increase the risk of BP, we genotyped on the Illumina HumanHap550 Beadchip 2,076 bipolar cases and 1,676 controls of European ancestry from the National Institute of Mental Health Human Genetics Initiative Repository, and the Prechter Repository and samples collected in London, Toronto, and Dundee. We imputed SNP genotypes and tested for SNP-BP association in each sample and then performed meta-analysis across samples. The strongest association P value for this 2-study meta-analysis was 2.4 x 10(-6). We next imputed SNP genotypes and tested for SNP-BP association based on the publicly available Affymetrix 500K genotype data from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium for 1,868 BP cases and a reference set of 12,831 individuals. A 3-study meta-analysis of 3,683 nonoverlapping cases and 14,507 extended controls on >2.3 M genotyped and imputed SNPs resulted in 3 chromosomal regions with association P approximately 10(-7): 1p31.1 (no known genes), 3p21 (>25 known genes), and 5q15 (MCTP1). The most strongly associated nonsynonymous SNP rs1042779 (OR = 1.19, P = 1.8 x 10(-7)) is in the ITIH1 gene on chromosome 3, with other strongly associated nonsynonymous SNPs in GNL3, NEK4, and ITIH3. Thus, these chromosomal regions harbor genes implicated in cell cycle, neurogenesis, neuroplasticity, and neurosignaling. In addition, we replicated the reported ANK3 association results for SNP rs10994336 in the nonoverlapping GSK sample (OR = 1.37, P = 0.042). Although these results are promising, analysis of additional samples will be required to confirm that variant(s) in these regions influence BP risk.