gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ligand-Directed Gene Targeting to Mammalian Cells by Pseudotype Baculoviruses (2005)

The baculovirus Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) can infect a variety of mammalian cells, as well as insect cells, facilitating its use as a viral vector for gene delivery into mammalian cells. Glycoprotein gp64, a major component of the budded AcMNPV envelope, is involved in viral entry into cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis and subsequent membrane fusion. We examined the potential production of pseudotype baculovirus particles transiently carrying ligands of interest in place of gp64 as a method of ligand-directed gene delivery into target cells. During amplification of a gp64-null pseudotype baculovirus carrying a green fluorescent protein gene in gp64-expressing insect cells, however, we observed the high-frequency appearance of a replication-competent virus incorporating the gp64 gene into the viral genome. To avoid generation of replication-competent revertants, we prepared pseudotype baculoviruses by transfection with recombinant bacmids without further amplification in the gp64-expressing cells. We constructed gp64-null recombinant bacmids carrying cDNAs encoding either vesicular stomatitis virus G protein (VSVG) or measles virus receptors (CD46 or SLAM). The VSVG pseudotype baculovirus efficiently transduced a reporter gene into a variety of mammalian cell lines, while CD46 and SLAM pseudotype baculoviruses allowed ligand-receptor-directed reporter gene transduction into target cells expressing measles virus envelope glycoproteins. Gene transduction mediated by the pseudotype baculoviruses could be inhibited by pretreatment with specific antibodies. These results indicate the possible application of pseudotype baculoviruses in ligand-directed gene delivery into target cells.
Inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatases causes phosphorylation of tyrosine‐331 in the p60 TNF receptor and inactivates the receptor‐associated kinase (1997)

Inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatases blocks tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced growth modulation and NF-kappaB activation, both mediated primarily through the p60 TNF receptor. How inhibition of the phosphatases affects the p60 TNF receptor or the recently described receptor-associated serine/threonine kinase (p60TRAK) is not known. In this report, we show that this inhibition, when induced by pervanadate, caused the tyrosine phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic domain (CD) of the p60 receptor, as revealed by phosphoamino acid analysis. Furthermore, site-directed mutagenesis indicated that pervanadate specifically induced the phosphorylation of tyrosine-331, which is located in the death domain of the TNF receptor, a domain to which p60TRAK binds. This tyrosine residue was also phosphorylated by purified, recombinant pp60Src in vitro. Inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatases by pervanadate also led to the inactivation of p60TRAK. In contrast, okadaic acid, a specific inhibitor of protein serine/threonine phosphatase, increased p60TRAK activity. Taken together, these results suggest that protein tyrosine phosphatases play an essential role in phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic domain of the TNF receptor and in regulation of the receptor-associated kinase, and this in turn may play a role in TNF-mediated growth modulation and NF-kappaB activation.
A cloud infrastructure for target detection and tracking using audio and video fusion (2015)

This paper presents a Cloud-based architecture for detecting and tracking multiple moving targets from airborne videos combined with the audio assistance, which is called Cloud-based Audio-Video (CAV) fusion. The CAV system innovation is a method for user-based voice-to-text color feature descriptor track matching with an automated hue feature extraction from image pixels. The introduced CAV approach is general purpose for detecting and tracking different valuable targets' movement for suspicious behavior recognition through multi-intelligence data fusion. Using Cloud computing leads to real-time performance as compared a single machine workflow. The obtained multiple moving target tracking results from airborne videos demonstrate that the CAV approach provides improved frame rate, enhanced detection, and real-time tracking and classification performance under realistic conditions.
Mechanism of Isotactic Polypropylene Formation with <i>C</i><sub>1</sub>-Symmetric Metallocene Catalysts (2006)

The mechanism for isotactic polypropylene formation by the C1-symmetric catalyst system [Me2C(3-tert-butyl-C5H3)(C13H8)]ZrCl2/MAO (MAO = methylaluminoxane, C13H8 = fluorenylidene) has been examined. Evidence supports an alternating mechanism, where both sites of the metallocene wedge are utilized for monomer insertion, rather than the previously proposed site epimerization (inversion at Zr) following each monomer insertion. As the polymerization temperature increases (0 to 60 °C) with lower concentrations of propylene, the site epimerization mechanism begins to compete, as evidenced by an increase in isotacticity. The alternating mechanism also accounts for polypropylene microstructures obtained with Me2C(3-R-C5H3)(Oct)ZrCl2/MAO, where Oct = octamethyloctahydrodibenzofluorenylidene and R = methyl, cyclohexyl, diphenylmethyl, and with Me2C(3-tert-butyl-4-Me-C5H2)(Oct)ZrCl2/MAO. For an Oct-containing catalyst system with R = 2-methyl-2-adamantyl, unprecedentedly high (for a fluorenyl-based metallocene catalyst) isotacticity ([mmmm] > 99%) is obtained; the polymer prepared at 0 °C has Tm = 167 °C and Mw = 370 000.
Induction of protection against Borna disease by inoculation with high-dose-attenuated Borna disease virus (1995)

Borna disease is a chronic neurological disease caused by an enveloped negative-strand RNA virus (BDV). Experimental disease can be reproduced in rats with brain homogenates derived from infected animals or with virus derived from infected cells in culture. The virus replicates in cultured cells without evidence of cytopathic effect or production of significant levels of cell-free virus. Borna disease is caused by an immunopathological response to viral infection of neural cells. To further investigate the pathogenesis of Borna disease, rats were inoculated with different doses of BDV attenuated by culture in MDCK cells. Low doses of attenuated BDV (10(2)-10(4) TCID50) resulted in typical clinical disease and severe encephalitis; however, the lag period between inoculation and disease was considerably longer than that with virulent BDV. In contrast, animals inoculated with a high dose of attenuated BDV (10(5)-10(6) TCID50) did not develop clinical disease, although a mild encephalitic response was present that did not progress beyond the mild encephalitis. Animals inoculated with a high dose of BDV developed high titers of anti-BDV antibody and were protected against virulent challenge. Protection was correlated with the rapid induction of an immune response in the animals and the lack of any biologically detectable virus in the CNS.
Broadband interferometric characterization of divergence and spatial chirp (2015)

We demonstrate a spectral interferometric method to characterize lateral and angular spatial chirp to optimize intensity localization in spatio-temporally focused ultrafast beams. Interference between two spatially sheared beams in an interferometer will lead to straight fringes if the wavefronts are curved. To produce reference fringes, we delay one arm relative to another in order to measure fringe rotation in the spatially resolved spectral interferogram. With Fourier analysis, we can obtain frequency-resolved divergence. In another arrangement, we spatially flip one beam relative to the other, which allows the frequency-dependent beamlet direction (angular spatial chirp) to be measured. Blocking one beam shows the spatial variation of the beamlet position with frequency (i.e., the lateral spatial chirp).
A public broadly neutralizing antibody class targets a membrane-proximal anchor epitope of influenza virus hemagglutinin (2021)

Summary Broadly neutralizing antibodies against influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) have the potential to provide universal protection against influenza virus infections. Here, we report a distinct class of broadly neutralizing antibodies targeting an epitope toward the bottom of the HA stalk domain where HA is “anchored” to the viral membrane. Antibodies targeting this membrane-proximal anchor epitope utilized a highly restricted repertoire, which encode for two conserved motifs responsible for HA binding. Anchor targeting B cells were common in the human memory B cell repertoire across subjects, indicating pre-existing immunity against this epitope. Antibodies against the anchor epitope at both the serological and monoclonal antibody levels were potently induced in humans by a chimeric HA vaccine, a potential universal influenza virus vaccine. Altogether, this study reveals an underappreciated class of broadly neutralizing antibodies against H1-expressing viruses that can be robustly recalled by a candidate universal influenza virus vaccine.
Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to latent membrane protein 1 induce growth inhibition, apoptosis and Bcl‐2 suppression in Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐transformed B‐lymphoblastoid cells, but not in EBV‐positive natural killer cell lymphoma cells (2001)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded latent membrane protein 1 (LMP-1) is essential for immortalization of B cells by EBV, protects the infected cells from apoptotic cell death and induces Bcl-2 expression. Suppression of LMP-1 expression by antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS-oligo) to LMP-1 inhibits proliferation, promotes apoptosis and suppresses Bcl-2 expression in EBV-transformed B cells. However, the function of LMP-1 expression in EBV-positive natural killer (NK) cell lymphoma cells has not been reported previously. We examined the function of LMP-1 in two EBV-positive NK cell lymphoma cell lines (NK-YS and YT) through suppressing LMP-1 expression by AS-oligo to LMP-1. The AS-oligo to LMP-1 suppressed LMP-1 mRNA and protein expression in two EBV-positive NK cell lymphoma cell lines, as well as in an EBV-transformed B-cell line (CMG-1). Proliferation was inhibited, apoptosis was induced and Bcl-2 expression was suppressed in CMG-1 cells, but none of these events were observed in NK-YS or YT cells. These results suggest that proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis and Bcl-2 expression in EBV-positive NK cell lymphoma cells are not directly regulated by LMP-1 as in EBV-transformed B-cell lines, but are probably mediated through other signal transducing systems.
Magnetic Tactile Sensor for Braille Reading (2016)

We report a biomimetic magnetic tactile sensor for reading Braille characters. The sensor consists of magnetic nanocomposite artificial cilia implemented on magnetic micro sensors. The nanocomposite is produced from the highly elastic polydimethylsiloxane and iron nanowires that exhibit a permanent magnetic behavior. This design enables remote operation and does not require an additional magnetic field to magnetize the nanowires. The highly elastic nanocomposite is easy to pattern, corrosion resistant, and thermally stable. The tactile sensors can detect vertical and shear forces, which allows recognizing small changes in surface texture, as in the case of Braille dots. The six dots of a braille cell are read from top to bottom with a tactile sensor array consisting of four elements and 1 mm long nanocomposite cilia.
Generation of a Concise Gene Panel for Outcome Prediction in Urinary Bladder Cancer (2009)

We have documented the generation of a concise, biologically relevant four-gene panel that significantly predicts recurrence and survival and may also identify potential therapeutic targets for UC.
Electrochemical conversion of CO sub 2 and CH sub 4 to C sub 2 hydrocarbons in a single cell (1991)

This patent describes a process for concurrent gas phase electrocatalytic oxidative dimerization of methane at the anode on one side of a solid electrolyte and reduction of carbon dioxide to gaseous hydrocarbons at a cathode on the other side of the solid electrolyte. It comprises passing methane containing gas in contact with a rare earth metallic oxide anode layer of an anode comprising a rare earth metallic oxide anode layer in contact with one side of an ionic and electronic conducting metallic oxide perovskite anode layer in contact with one side of a solid electrolyte on its opposite side, the anode catalytically oxidatively dimerizing the methane to C{sub 2} species; transferring through the solid electrolyte an ionic species selected from the group consisting of an O{sup 2}-species from the cathode to the anode and a proton mediating ion from the anode to the cathode at cell operating temperatures; passing carbon dioxide containing gas in contact with one side of an ionic and electronic conducting metal cathode electrocatalyst capable of providing adsorption sites for carbon dioxide and chemisorbed and faradaically generated hydrogen species in proximity to the adsorbed carbon dioxide and capable of catalytic reduction of the carbon dioxide to predominantlymore » C{sub 2} species; and withdrawing the C{sub 2} species from the region of the anode and the cathode.« less
Creosote-contaminated sites. Their potential for bioremediation (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCreosote-contaminated sites. Their potential for bioremediationJames G. Mueller, Peter J. Chapman, and P. Hap PritchardCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1989, 23, 10, 1197–1201Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00068a003https://doi.org/10.1021/es00068a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1611Altmetric-Citations321LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
RETRACTED: Mutations in mitochondrial cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase genes segregate with late-onset Alzheimer disease (1997)

Mounting evidence suggests that defects in energy metabolism contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD). Cytochrome c oxidase (CO) is kinetically abnormal, and its activity is decreased in brain and peripheral tissue in late-onset AD. CO is encoded by both the mitochondrial and the nuclear genomes. Its catalytic centers, however, are encoded exclusively by two mitochondrial genes, CO1 and CO2 (encoding CO subunits I and II, respectively). We searched these genes, as well as other mitochondrial genes, for mutations that might alter CO activity and cosegregate with AD. In the present study, specific missense mutations in the mitochondrial CO1 and CO2 genes but not the CO3 gene were found to segregate at a higher frequency with AD compared with other neurodegenerative or metabolic diseases. These mutations appear together in the same mitochondrial DNA molecule and define a unique mutant mitochondrial genome. Asymptomatic offspring of AD mothers had higher levels of these mutations than offspring of AD fathers, suggesting that these mutations can be maternally inherited. Cell lines expressing these mutant mitochondrial DNA molecules exhibited a specific decrease in CO activity and increased production of reactive oxygen species. We suggest that specific point mutations in the CO1 and CO2 genes cause the CO defect in AD. A CO defect may represent a primary etiologic event, directly participating in a cascade of events that results in AD.
Proactive Scan: Fast Handoff with Smart Triggers for 802.11 Wireless LAN (2007)

It has been a challenging problem to support VoIP-type delay sensitive applications in an 802.11 wireless LAN, because the standard handoff procedure implemented in many current 802.11 products occurs a delay deem unacceptable to VoIP users. To reduce this delay, we have developed a fast handoff scheme called Proactive Scan. It employs two new techniques. The first is to decouple the time-consuming channel scan from the actual handoff, and to eliminate channel scan delay by doing scan early and interleaving it with ongoing traffic in a non-intrusive way. The second technique is a smart trigger that takes into account both uplink and downlink quality and explicitly addresses the link asymmetry which has yet not been touched in previous work. Through implementation and experimentation study, we have shown that Proactive Scan does provide fast handoff and satisfactory performance to VoIP applications. Further, it is a software-only client-only solution that any mobile device can use in any existing 802.11 networks.
Optical design of soft x-ray focusing system with ellipsoidal mirror for laboratory-based sources (2013)

The ellipsoidal mirror is one of the most effective achromatic focusing optic with large aperture and nanofocusing ability. Because of the large aperture of mm-order size, this optic is suitable for a laboratory-based light source that has a large divergence angle. Recently, soft X-rays produced by high-order harmonics have become available. Such a beam has high spatial coherency but relatively large divergence angle. This light in combination with an ellipsoidal mirror will generate a highly intense focusing nanobeam that will contribute to various experiments and analyses such as those of photoelectron spectroscopy and nonlinear optical phenomena. In this paper, we present the optical design for a lab-based soft X-ray beamline and the results of optical simulation considering the parameters of the source. Finally, we introduce a two-stage focusing system with an axisymmetric mirror as a promising soft X-ray focusing system.
Structural Analysis of the Synthetic Duffy Binding Protein (DBP) Antigen DEKnull Relevant for Plasmodium vivax Malaria Vaccine Design (2015)

The Plasmodium vivax vaccine candidate Duffy Binding Protein (DBP) is a protein necessary for P. vivax invasion of reticulocytes. The polymorphic nature of DBP induces strain-specific immune responses that pose unique challenges for vaccine development. DEKnull is a synthetic DBP based antigen that has been engineered through mutation to enhance induction of blocking inhibitory antibodies. We determined the x-ray crystal structure of DEKnull to identify if any conformational changes had occurred upon mutation. Computational and experimental analyses assessed immunogenicity differences between DBP and DEKnull epitopes. Functional binding assays with monoclonal antibodies were used to interrogate the available epitopes in DEKnull. We demonstrate that DEKnull is structurally similar to the parental Sal1 DBP. The DEKnull mutations do not cause peptide backbone shifts within the polymorphic loop, or at either the DBP dimerization interface or DARC receptor binding pockets, two important structurally conserved protective epitope motifs. All B-cell epitopes, except for the mutated DEK motif, are conserved between DEKnull and DBP. The DEKnull protein retains binding to conformationally dependent inhibitory antibodies. DEKnull is an iterative improvement of DBP as a vaccine candidate. DEKnull has reduced immunogenicity to polymorphic regions responsible for strain-specific immunity while retaining conserved protein folds necessary for induction of strain-transcending blocking inhibitory antibodies.
Regulation of DNA-dependent Protein Kinase by the Lyn Tyrosine Kinase (1998)

The Src-like protein-tyrosine kinase Lyn is activated by ionizing radiation and certain other DNA-damaging agents, whereas the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), consisting of the catalytic subunits (DNA-PKcs) and Ku DNA-binding components, requires DNA double-stranded breaks for activation. Here we demonstrate that Lyn associates constitutively with DNA-PKcs. The SH3 domain of Lyn interacts directly with DNA-PKcs near a leucine zipper homology domain. We also show that Lyn phosphorylates DNA-PKcs but not Ku in vitro. The interaction between Lyn and DNA-PKcs inhibits DNA-PKcs activity and the ability of DNA-PKcs to form a complex with Ku/DNA. These results support the hypothesis that there are functional interactions between Lyn and DNA-PKcs in the response to DNA damage.
A Modified Colorimetric Method for Phytic Acid Analysis in Soybean (2007)

A quantitative, reproducible, and efficient phytic acid assay procedure is needed to screen breeding populations and support genetic studies in soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. The objective of this study was to modify the colorimetric Wade reagent method and compare the accuracy and applicability of this new method in determining seed phytic acid content in soybean with three well‐established phytic acid assay methods: anion exchange column (AEC), high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The CV for repeated measurements of a low phytic acid soybean mutant, CX1834‐1‐6, ranged from 1.8 to 4.2% ( n = 5), indicating the results were precise and reproducible. Phytic acid content of 42 soybean genotypes as determined by this method showed a correlation of 93.7 to 96.6% with the measurements by AEC, HPLC, and NMR. According to analysis of covariance, using inorganic P content as a predictor, phytic acid P content in a given sample analyzed by the four assay methods can be estimated with four linear regression models at the α = 0.01 level. Compared with HPLC, AEC, and 31 P NMR, this modified colorimetric method is simpler and less expensive for assaying a large number of samples, allowing its effective application in breeding and genetic studies of low phytic acid soybean.
MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL MATERIALS BASED ON IRON ALLOY PARTICLES (1996)

A magnetorheological material containing iron alloy particles demonstrates magnetorheological strength dependent upon the elements of the alloy and relative concentration of the alloy elements. Selected iron/cobalt alloys demonstrate improved yield strength over traditional carbonyl iron based MR materials when the iron-cobalt alloy has an iron-cobalt ratio ranging from about 30:70 to 95:5. The iron-nickel alloys which have an iron-nickel ratio ranging from about 90:10 to 99:1 maintains superior strength over iron-nickel alloys outside that range.
Fast Li+ Ion Conduction in Li <sub>2</sub> O‐Al <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> ‐TiO <sub>2</sub> ‐SiO <sub>2</sub> ‐P <sub>2</sub> O <sub>2</sub> Glass‐Ceramics (1997)

Fast lithium ion conducting glass‐ceramics have been successfully prepared from the pseudobinary system 2[Li 1+ x Ti 2 Si x P 3‐ x O 2 ]‐AlPO 4 . The major phase present in the glass‐ceramics was LiTi 2 P 3 O 12 in which Ti 4+ ions and P 5+ ions were partially replaced by Al 3+ ions and Si 4+ ions, respectively. Increasing x resulted in a considerable enhancement in conductivity, and in a wide composition range extremely high conductivity over 10 ‐3 S/cm was obtained at room temperature.