gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The acute effects of exercise intensity on HDL???C metabolism (1994)

To determine whether exercise intensity influences acute HDL-C responses, 12 male recreational runners (24.8 +/- 4 yr) who ran 15-30 miles.wk-1 exercised on a motor driven treadmill at 60% (L) and 75% (H) VO2max. A counterbalanced experimental design was utilized and energy expenditure was 800 Kcal. Fasting blood samples were obtained 24 h before exercise (24 PRE), immediately post-(IPE), 1 h post- (1 h PE), 6 h post- (6 h PE), and 24 h post- (24 h PE) exercise and analyzed for HDL-C and HDL2&3-C. In addition, postheparin plasma samples, obtained 24 h PRE, 6 h PE, and 24 h PE were analyzed for lipolytic activity--LPLA and HTGLA. An exercise trial by time interaction was observed for HDL-C (P < 0.01). Post-hoc analysis revealed no change in HDL-C following the L trial. However, an increase in HDL-C was observed 24 h PE (P < 0.01) following the H trial. The increase in HDL-C was attributed to an elevated HDL3-C (P < 0.01), with no change in HDL2-C. Analysis of plasma lipolytic activity revealed an increase in LPLA 24 h PE (P < 0.05) which may be responsible for the postexercise alterations in HDL-C. However, HTGLA decreased 6 h PE (P < 0.01) and 24 h PE (P < 0.05). We conclude that increases in HDL-C levels following endurance activity are influenced, in part, by the exercise intensity.
Time-of-flight cameras with multiple distributed illumination units (2008)

In this paper, the simultaneous operation of multiple distributed illumination units for time-of-flight (TOF) cameras is addressed. On the one hand, multiple illumination units can be used independently of each other by several means (spatial, temporal, wavelength and modulation division). On the other hand, constructive interference of a number of illumination units can be used to increase the modulation contrast, to decrease the necessary integration time and to increase the phase data reliability.
Mechanisms in intimal monocyte-macrophage recruitment. A special role for monocyte chemotactic protein-1. (1992)

This article briefly addresses the role of the monocyte-macrophage in atherogenesis and the potential mechanisms participating in intimal blood monocyte recruitment. The obligatory components of the recruitment process, i.e., contact with the vascular endothelium, attachment, and migration into the subendothelial space, are addressed with reference to the influence of blood flow, plasma proteins (particularly low density lipoprotein), and inflammatory mediators and cytokines. The potentially important role of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 in regulating monocyte recruitment in plaque pathogenesis is discussed.
Tracking Sentiment in Mail: How Genders Differ on Emotional Axes (2013)

With the widespread use of email, we now have access to unprecedented amounts of text that we ourselves have written. In this paper, we show how sentiment analysis can be used in tandem with effective visualizations to quantify and track emotions in many types of mail. We create a large word--emotion association lexicon by crowdsourcing, and use it to compare emotions in love letters, hate mail, and suicide notes. We show that there are marked differences across genders in how they use emotion words in work-place email. For example, women use many words from the joy--sadness axis, whereas men prefer terms from the fear--trust axis. Finally, we show visualizations that can help people track emotions in their emails.
Potentiometric titration of cytochrome‐<i>bo</i> type quinol oxidase of <i>Escherichia coli</i>: Evidence for heme‐heme and copper‐heme interaction (1989)

The cytochrome-bo quinol oxidase of Escherichia coli contains a high-spin b-type heme (cytochrome o), a low-spin b-type heme (cytochrome b) and copper. The EPR signal from cytochrome o is axial high spin and when titrated potentiometrically gives a bell-shaped curve. The low-potential side of this curve (Em7 approx. 160 mV) corresponds to the reduction/oxidation of the cytochrome. The high-potential side (Em7 approx. 350 mV) is proposed to be due to reduction/oxidation of a copper center; in the CuII form tight cytochrome o-copper spin coupling results in a net even spin system and loss of the EPR spectrum. Optical spectra of the alpha-bands of the reduced cytochromes at 77 K show that cytochrome b has its maxima at 564 nm when cytochrome o is oxidized but that this shifts to 561 nm when cytochrome o (max. 555 nm) is reduced. Both a heme-copper (cytochrome o-CuII) and a heme-heme (cytochrome o-cytochrome b) interaction are indicated in this quinol oxidase. These results indicate that cytochrome-bo quinol oxidase has a binuclear heme-copper catalytic site and suggest striking structural similarity to subunit I of the cytochrome aa3 system.
Whiteboard It (2002)

This ongoing project aims at converting the content on a physical whiteboard, captured by a digital camera, into an electronic document which can be easily manipulated as drawings in a MS Office document or as links in a TabletPC. Through a series of image processing procedures, the originally captured image is first transformed into a rectangular bitmap with clean white background, and finally converted into a vectorized representation (inks).
Advances in the Application of a Rotary Dryer for Drying of Agricultural Products: A Review (2014)

Agricultural products are highly perishable and drying of the product after harvest has been proved as one of the methods to minimize postharvest losses. Different studies have been conducted to evaluate the performance of a rotary dryer for drying of agricultural products. The advantages and the challenges of rotary dryers in drying of agricultural products are discussed. This study discusses the effects of product and drying air properties, and dryer design and operation parameters, on dryer performance and product quality. Rotary dryers are capable of processing a variety of agricultural products with a wide range of thermo-physical and flow properties. Rotary dryers have been used for drying of grains, beans, nuts, vegetables, herbs, woody biomass, animal feeds, agricultural wastes, and by-products. This review paper summarizes the advances in the application of rotary dryers in drying of different agricultural products and recommends future research into the use of rotary dryers to improve the efficiency of the drying process.
Fine-Grained Semantic Image Synthesis with Object-Attention Generative Adversarial Network (2021)

Semantic image synthesis is a new rising and challenging vision problem accompanied by the recent promising advances in generative adversarial networks. The existing semantic image synthesis methods only consider the global information provided by the semantic segmentation mask, such as class label, global layout, and location, so the generative models cannot capture the rich local fine-grained information of the images (e.g., object structure, contour, and texture). To address this issue, we adopt a multi-scale feature fusion algorithm to refine the generated images by learning the fine-grained information of the local objects. We propose OA-GAN, a novel object-attention generative adversarial network that allows attention-driven, multi-fusion refinement for fine-grained semantic image synthesis. Specifically, the proposed model first generates multi-scale global image features and local object features, respectively, then the local object features are fused into the global image features to improve the correlation between the local and the global. In the process of feature fusion, the global image features and the local object features are fused through the channel-spatial-wise fusion block to learn ‘what’ and ‘where’ to attend in the channel and spatial axes, respectively. The fused features are used to construct correlation filters to obtain feature response maps to determine the locations, contours, and textures of the objects. Extensive quantitative and qualitative experiments on COCO-Stuff, ADE20K and Cityscapes datasets demonstrate that our OA-GAN significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.
The Fecal Viral Flora of Wild Rodents (2011)

The frequent interactions of rodents with humans make them a common source of zoonotic infections. To obtain an initial unbiased measure of the viral diversity in the enteric tract of wild rodents we sequenced partially purified, randomly amplified viral RNA and DNA in the feces of 105 wild rodents (mouse, vole, and rat) collected in California and Virginia. We identified in decreasing frequency sequences related to the mammalian viruses families Circoviridae, Picobirnaviridae, Picornaviridae, Astroviridae, Parvoviridae, Papillomaviridae, Adenoviridae, and Coronaviridae. Seventeen small circular DNA genomes containing one or two replicase genes distantly related to the Circoviridae representing several potentially new viral families were characterized. In the Picornaviridae family two new candidate genera as well as a close genetic relative of the human pathogen Aichi virus were characterized. Fragments of the first mouse sapelovirus and picobirnaviruses were identified and the first murine astrovirus genome was characterized. A mouse papillomavirus genome and fragments of a novel adenovirus and adenovirus-associated virus were also sequenced. The next largest fraction of the rodent fecal virome was related to insect viruses of the Densoviridae, Iridoviridae, Polydnaviridae, Dicistroviriade, Bromoviridae, and Virgaviridae families followed by plant virus-related sequences in the Nanoviridae, Geminiviridae, Phycodnaviridae, Secoviridae, Partitiviridae, Tymoviridae, Alphaflexiviridae, and Tombusviridae families reflecting the largely insect and plant rodent diet. Phylogenetic analyses of full and partial viral genomes therefore revealed many previously unreported viral species, genera, and families. The close genetic similarities noted between some rodent and human viruses might reflect past zoonoses. This study increases our understanding of the viral diversity in wild rodents and highlights the large number of still uncharacterized viruses in mammals.
MIRAS: Model-based Reinforcement Learning for Microservice Resource Allocation over Scientific Workflows (2019)

Microservice, an architectural design that decomposes applications into loosely coupled services, is adopted in modern software design, including cloud-based scientific workflow processing. The microservice design makes scientific workflow systems more modular, more flexible, and easier to develop. However, cloud deployment of microservice workflow execution systems doesn't come for free, and proper resource management decisions have to be made in order to achieve certain performance objective (e.g., response time) within constraint operation cost. Nevertheless, effective online resource allocation decisions are hard to achieve due to dynamic workloads and the complicated interactions of microservices in each workflow. In this paper, we propose an adaptive resource allocation approach for microservice workflow system based on recent advances in reinforcement learning. Our approach (1) assumes little prior knowledge of the microservice workflow system and does not require any elaborately designed model or crafted representative simulator of the underlying system, and (2) avoids high sample complexity which is a common drawback of model-free reinforcement learning when applied to real-world scenarios. We show that our proposed approach automatically achieves effective policy for resource allocation with limited number of time-consuming interactions with the microservice workflow system. We perform extensive evaluations to validate the effectiveness of our approach and demonstrate that it outperforms existing resource allocation approaches with read-world emulated workflows.
Regular expression pattern matching for XML (2001)

We propose regular expression pattern matching as a core feature for programming languages for manipulating XML (and similar tree-structured data formats). We extend conventional pattern-matching facilities with regular expression operators such as repetition (*), alternation (I), etc., that can match arbitrarily long sequences of subtrees, allowing a compact pattern to extract data from the middle of a complex sequence. We show how to check standard notions of exhaustiveness and redundancy for these patterns.Regular expression patterns are intended to be used in languages whose type systems are also based on the regular expression types. To avoid excessive type annotations, we develop a type inference scheme that propagates type constraints to pattern variables from the surrounding context. The type inference algorithm translates types and patterns into regular tree automata and then works in terms of standard closure operations (union, intersection, and difference) on tree automata. The main technical challenge is dealing with the interaction of repetition and alternation patterns with the first-match policy, which gives rise to subtleties concerning both the termination and the precision of the analysis. We address these issues by introducing a data structure representing closure operations lazily.
Development of Direct Cell Inorganic Barrier Film Technology Providing Exceptional Device Stability for CIGS Solar Cells (2011)

Failure analysis of solar cells and model substrates coated with silicon nitride barrier thin films has led to important conclusions regarding the major factors leading to barrier degradation. Data gathered from optical densitometry, microscopy (optical, SEM, and TEM), as well as infrared spectroscopy, have revealed that nitride film delamination, because of poor adhesion to silver collection grids, and nitride oxidation, facilitated by sodium migration, were the leading causes of barrier failure. Based on this study, a new method for barrier deposition utilizing an ultrathin tantalum nitride adhesion layer was implemented. Copper indium gallium diselenide (CuIn1–xGaxSe2, denoted hereafter as CIGS) solar cells treated with a TaNx/SiNx thin film bilayer architecture have shown exceptional stability under accelerated damp heat conditions. Devices treated with these coatings have retained >90% of initial photovoltaic performance for an average of >1900 h at 85 °C/85% RH, with several devices showing damp heat survival for >3000 h.
Rao-Blackwellisation of sampling schemes (1996)

Journal Article Rao-Blackwellisation of sampling schemes Get access GEORGE CASELLA, GEORGE CASELLA Biometrics Unit, Cornell UniversityIthaca, New York 14850, US.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar CHRISTIAN P. ROBERT CHRISTIAN P. ROBERT Département de MathématiqueCNRS-URA 1378, Université de Rouen, BP 118, 76134 Mont Saint-Aignan cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Biometrika, Volume 83, Issue 1, March 1996, Pages 81–94, https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/83.1.81 Published: 01 March 1996 Article history Received: 01 August 1994 Revision received: 01 July 1995 Published: 01 March 1996
<title>Laser Electro-Optic System For Three-Dimensional (3D) Topographic Mensuration</title> (1979)

Applications and system hardware are described for a new comparative topographic spatial mapping device. The device will remotely, automatically, and non-destructively measure any specified surface. A unique optical method, generates a well-defined orthogonal array of individual laser beams. Variable adjustment of beam pattern spatial frequency permits either wide-angle coverage of large-sized objects or high resolution capability for detailed areas. A novel programmable electro-optic filtering system encodes the beam array. A synchronized electro-optic selective wavelength scene capture system decodes and stores scene data in real-time in ambient light. The hardware described interfaces with suitable algorithms for the rapid calculation of the three-dimensional coordinates of sample points which mathematically define the surface of an object. The derived spatial coordinates of surface sample points then form a data base for numerically-controlled fabrication machines. A completely automated real-time scene acquisition and analysis capability could lead to machine interactive systems for pattern recognition, casting or mold comparisons, vector analysis of dimensional changes, and servo-controlled robot vision applications. The device can be ruggedly configured for use in surgical operatories, hazardous industries, outdoor inspection, etc.
Fabrication-Tolerant Waveguide Chirped Grating Coupler for Coupling to a Perfectly Vertical Optical Fiber (2008)

We report the simulation, fabrication, and measurement results of a waveguide grating coupler that could efficiently couple light between submicrometer-sized planar waveguides and vertical optical fibers. The coupler comprises a section of chirped grating which reduces back reflection and enhances coupling efficiency. Coupling efficiency of over 34% was measured and a 3-dB bandwidth of 45 nm was obtained. An experimental study showed that the coupling efficiency was tolerant to fabrication process fluctuations which may lead to random variations in slot width and the duty cycle of the grating periods.
Material parameters and vector scaling in transformation acoustics (2008)

The degree to which the coordinate transformation concept first demonstrated for electromagnetic waves can be applied to other classes of waves remains an open question. In this work, we thoroughly examine the coordinate transformation invariance of acoustic waves. We employ a purely physical argument to show how the acoustic velocity vector must transform differently than the E and H fields in Maxwell's equations, which explains why acoustic coordinate transformation invariance was not found in some previous analyses. A first principles analysis of the acoustic equations under arbitrary coordinate transformations confirms that the divergence operator is preserved only if velocity transforms in this physically correct way. This analysis also yields closed-form expressions for the bulk modulus and mass density tensor of the material required to realize an arbitrary coordinate transformation on the acoustic fields, which we show are equivalent to forms presented elsewhere. We demonstrate the computation of these material parameters in two specific cases and show that the change in velocity and pressure gradient vectors under a nonorthogonal coordinate transformation is precisely how these vectors must change from purely physical arguments. This analysis confirms that all of the electromagnetic devices and materials that have been conceived using the coordinate transformation approach are also in principle realizable for acoustic waves. Together with previous work, this analysis also shows how the curl, divergence and gradient operators maintain form under arbitrary coordinate transformations, opening the door to analyzing other wave systems built on these three vector operators.
A study of the applicability of complexity measures (1988)

A study of the predictive value of a variety of syntax-based problem complexity measures is reported. Experimentation with variants of chunk-oriented measures showed that one should judiciously select measurable software attributes as proper indicators of what one wishes to predict, rather than hoping for a single, all-purpose complexity measure. The authors have shown that it is possible for particular complexity measures or other factors to serve as good predictors of some properties of program but not for others. For example, a good predictor of construction time will not necessarily correlate well with the number of error occurrences. M.H. Halstead's (1977) efforts measure (E) was found to be a better predictor that the two nonchunk measures evaluated, namely, T.J. McCabe's (1976) V(G) and lines of code, but at least one chunk measure predicted better than E in every case.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
FSAD: Flow Similarity Analysis for Anomaly Detection in Cloud Applications (2015)

Fast detection of performance anomalies is critical in Cloud applications, but challenging to implement in a general and effective tool with low operational overload. We propose FSAD, a performance anomaly detection system based on the concept of flow similarity. It stems from the observation that, in general, the number of responses generated by a component closely follows the number of received requests, but this relation stops holding in presence of performance anomalies. In FSAD, components are regarded as black boxes, and time series of incoming and outgoing packets are fed to the flow similarity analysis for anomaly detection. The effectiveness of FSAD is demonstrated in experimental results.
Weighted-Collaborative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio (2007)

Cognitive radio is an advanced enabling technology for efficient utilization of under-utilized spectrum since it is able to sense the spectrum and use the frequency when the primary users are absent. Recent investigation suggests that spectrum sensing is compromised when a user experiences fading or shadowing. In order to combat such effects, collaborative sensing is presented. However, the conventional collaborative sensing is not effective when users suffer from different fading environments. In this paper, we propose a weighted-collaborative scheme to improve the spectrum sensing performance under fading environment. The analysis of the simulation results proves that the weighted-collaborative scheme improves sensing performance obviously.
Purification, cDNA cloning and heterologous expression of the human mitochondrial NADP+-dependent malic enzyme (1994)

Mitochondrial NADP(+)-dependent malic enzyme (ME; EC 1.1.1.39) has been purified to homogeneity and characterized kinetically from bovine heart. Partial amino acid sequence information allowed amplification of a specific bovine cDNA, which was used to isolate a full-length human cDNA of this isoform of ME. The cDNA is 1930 bp long and codes for a protein of 604 amino acids. Comparison of the amino acid sequence of this isoform with published sequences of other human ME isoforms shows stretches of homology interrupted by larger regions with significant differences. The human protein has been expressed in Escherichia coli, and the recombinant human protein has the same kinetic properties as the corresponding protein purified from bovine heart. Northern blot analysis showed a strong tissue-specific transcription with a predominantly high expression-rate in organs with a low division-rate.
Fabrication and mechanical characterization of ultrashort nanocantilevers (2003)

Three aspects on nanocantilevers are presented in this letter. First, we present the fabrication process of 2 μm long freestanding chromium cantilevers with width 150 nm, and thickness 50 nm. Second, a measurement scheme using an atomic force microscope operating in contact mode was employed to study the mechanical properties along the length of the cantilevers. Third, we have investigated extremely large deflections on these nanoscale cantilevers demonstrating their high ductility. The spring constants calculated from the experimental data are smaller than expected from classical mechanics calculations, but show good agreement with previously reported calculations for largely deflected beams.