gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coexistence of glutamate and substance P in dorsal root ganglion neurons of the rat and monkey (1988)

Antisera to a glutamate (Glu) conjugate, to glutaminase (GLN), and to substance P (SP) have been used to investigate the issue of putative glutamergic neurons in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and the possible coexistence in these neurons of Glu and SP. The Glu antiserum, characterized by immunoadsorption and immunoblot tests, is highly selective for Glu out of a number of other amino acids including aspartate. Quantitative data were gathered from consecutive 4-microns-thick paraffin sections from cervical ganglia of rats with or without spinal injections of colchicine and from one monkey not treated with colchicine. Neurons containing more than one antigen could be identified on adjacent sections tested with the three different antisera. Neurons labeled by the Glu-antiserum represent 15-30% of the DRG population in untreated rats. They include most of the small neurons (with mean perikaryal area around 300-400 microns) but also larger neurons (with perikaryal area greater than 600 microns). DRG neurons labeled by either the GLN or the SP antiserum are small (mean area 335-375 microns and 356-374 microns, respectively) and account for approximately 40 and 15%, respectively, of the sampled neurons. In colchicine-treated rats the number of Glu-positive neurons increases up to about 70%. The same treatment also increases the number of SP-positive neurons but not that of GLN-positive neurons. In the monkey about half of the DRG neurons are Glu positive and, as in rats, they are mostly small. GLN-positive neurons in the same species account for about half of the DRG population and are only small. In rats, about 60-80% of Glu-positive neurons are also GLN-positive and most GLN-positive neurons are Glu positive. In colchicine-treated rats, close to 90% of SP-positive neurons are also positive for Glu and about 60% of SP-positive neurons are triple labeled. In the monkey's DRGs, whose sections were not processed for SP, most Glu- or GLN-positive neurons are also positive for the other antiserum used. Several considerations argue against the possibility that, under the present experimental conditions, the Glu antiserum is a metabolic marker. It is therefore suggested that Glu-positive neurons may use Glu as neurotransmitter. Coexistence of Glu and SP in some DRG neurons suggests that both agents may be released by terminals of primary afferents from the same DRG neuron.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Fabrication of High-Quality Opal Films with Controllable Thickness (2002)

A dipping method was developed to fabricate three-dimensional colloidal crystal films. The thickness of the films fabricated by this method can be precisely controlled from one layer to several tens of layers by controlling the particle concentration and the film formation speed. Experimental results showed that the spheres form a face-centered cubic structure and that single crystals in the film can extend to centimeter dimensions.
Survey on Recommending Learning Path of Student using Machine Learning (2017)

Many times student do not understand what is the field they are good at, what is the area they can improve to be better in. This paper introduce the adaptive questionnaire strategies, which changes the question based on student previous answer. This can help student to find out the depth of knowledge they have in that subject. Some of them are to check the students learning style. In that which student work better in what kind of courses. This paper gives idea about the different methods to set the questionnaire and the different classification algorithm to help us to understand the nature of the student like for what course they are suitable or they can find their correct career path with different classes the paper gives the techniques to make the classification of the students.
Implementation and certification of LPV approach and options for VFR aerodromes (2013)

This article focuses on general LPV approach certification for erodromes. It also indicates the problematic parts of the current certification rocess and shows the direction for possible certification of instrument approaches at uncontrolled aerodromes.
Multi-Modal Biometric-Based Implicit Authentication of Wearable Device Users (2019)

The Internet of Things (IoT) is increasingly empowering people with an interconnected world of physical objects ranging from smart buildings to portable smart devices, such as wearables. With recent advances in mobile sensing, wearables have become a rich collection of portable sensors and are able to provide various types of services, including tracking of health and fitness, making financial transactions, and unlocking smart locks and vehicles. Most of these services are delivered based on users' confidential and personal data, which are stored on these wearables. Existing explicit authentication approaches (i.e., PINs or pattern locks) for wearables suffer from several limitations, including small or no displays, risk of shoulder surfing, and users' recall burden. Oftentimes, users completely disable security features out of convenience. Therefore, there is a need for a burden-free (implicit) authentication mechanism for wearable device users based on easily obtainable biometric data. In this paper, we present an implicit wearable device user authentication mechanism using combinations of three types of coarse-grain minute-level biometrics: behavioral (step counts), physiological (heart rate), and hybrid (calorie burn and metabolic equivalent of task). From our analysis of over 400 Fitbit users from a 17-month long health study, we are able to authenticate subjects with average accuracy values of around .93 (sedentary) and .90 (non-sedentary) with equal error rates of .05 using binary SVM classifiers. Our findings also show that the hybrid biometrics perform better than other biometrics and behavioral biometrics do not have a significant impact, even during non-sedentary periods.
Dysarthric vocal interfaces with minimal training data (2014)

Over the past decade, several speech-based electronic assistive technologies (EATs) have been developed that target users with dysarthric speech. These EATs include vocal command & control systems, but also voice-input voice-output communication aids (VIVOCAs). In these systems, the vocal interfaces are based on automatic speech recognition systems (ASR), but this approach requires much training data and detailed annotation. In this work we evaluate an alternative approach, which works by mining utterance-based representations of speech for recurrent acoustic patterns, with the goal of achieving usable recognition accuracies with less speaker-specific training data. Comparisons with a conventional ASR system on dysarthric speech databases show that the proposed approach offers a substantial reduction in the amount of training data needed to achieve the same recognition accuracies.
From Binary to Ternary Solvent: Morphology Fine‐tuning of D/A Blends in PDPP3T‐based Polymer Solar Cells (2012)

For the PDPP3T/PCBM system investigated here, atomic force microscopy, resonant soft X-ray scattering, and grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering are used as an initial set of tools to determine the surface texture, the bulk compositional morphology, and the crystallization behavior, respectively. We find systematic variations and relate them to device performance. A solvent mixture of DCB/CF/DIO = 76:19:5 (v/v/v) yields a PCE of 6.71%.
Discrete-time feedback structures for high precision analog signal processing (1996)

The use of purely discrete-time analog feedback circuits with no continuous-time feedback present is described for realizing high precision analog signal processing systems. Several attractive properties of these systems are discussed, and their application as a highly linear current-mode sample/hold is presented.
FVC: A New Framework towards Deep Video Compression in Feature Space (2021)

Learning based video compression attracts increasing attention in the past few years. The previous hybrid coding approaches rely on pixel space operations to reduce spatial and temporal redundancy, which may suffer from inaccurate motion estimation or less effective motion compensation. In this work, we propose a feature-space video coding network (FVC) by performing all major operations (i.e., motion estimation, motion compression, motion compensation and residual compression) in the feature space. Specifically, in the proposed deformable compensation module, we first apply motion estimation in the feature space to produce motion information (i.e., the offset maps), which will be compressed by using the auto-encoder style network. Then we perform motion compensation by using deformable convolution and generate the predicted feature. After that, we compress the residual feature between the feature from the current frame and the predicted feature from our deformable compensation module. For better frame reconstruction, the reference features from multiple previous reconstructed frames are also fused by using the non-local attention mechanism in the multi-frame feature fusion module. Comprehensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed framework achieves the state-of-the-art performance on four benchmark datasets including HEVC, UVG, VTL and MCL-JCV.
A Power-Efficient Switched-Capacitor Stimulating System for Electrical/Optical Deep Brain Stimulation (2014)

A power-efficient wireless switched-capacitor based stimulating (SCS) system for electrical/optical deep brain stimulation (DBS) is presented. The SCS system efficiently charges storage capacitors directly from an inductive link and delivers accurately balanced charge to the tissue, improving the overall stimulator efficiency. In addition, the decaying exponential stimulus pulses generated by SCS can be more effective than conventional rectangular and ramp stimuli in activating neural tissue when consuming the same amount of energy, leading to higher stimulus efficacy. A 4-channel wireless SCS system in 0.35 μm CMOS process achieves stimulator efficiency of 80.4% with capacitor pairs charged to ±2V, while the decaying exponential stimulus requires equal or less stimulus energy and injected charge than other stimuli depending on pulse width to activate the same tissue area. The SCS system has also been utilized for power-efficient wireless optogenetic stimulation by periodically discharging capacitors into high-current micro-LED arrays. Results from acute in vivo experiments have verified the utility of the SCS system prototype in both electrical and optical stimulation.
Evaluation of the resolving power of three different DNA fingerprinting methods to discriminate among isolates of a natural <b> <i>Rhizobium meliloti</i> </b> population (1997)

In a comparative study, the PCR-based RAPD and ERIC fingerprint methods were evaluated for their resolving power to discriminate among 21 isolates of a natural Rhizobium meliloti population. PCR fingerprint patterns were analysed by using an automated laser fluorescent (ALF) DNA sequencer, thus allowing the automated on-line storage of data. Results obtained were compared to a classification system using insertion sequence (IS) fingerprinting. Both PCR fingerprint methods were comparable in their ability to resolve differences amongst Rh. meliloti isolates. Grouping of strains on the basis of their RAPD as well as their ERIC fingerprints correlated with grouping of strains according to their IS fingerprints. Moreover, strains displaying identical PCR patterns could be further differentiated according to their IS fingerprints, thus allowing a detailed insight into phylogenetic relationship among strains. The automated evaluation of strain-specific fingerprint patterns has the potential to become a valuable tool for studies of bacterial population genetics. Moreover, the rapid identification of single strains, e.g. pathogens in epidemiological studies seems feasible.
Image Morphing With Perceptual Constraints and STN Alignment (2020)

Abstract In image morphing, a sequence of plausible frames are synthesized and composited together to form a smooth transformation between given instances. Intermediates must remain faithful to the input, stand on their own as members of the set and maintain a well‐paced visual transition from one to the next. In this paper, we propose a conditional generative adversarial network (GAN) morphing framework operating on a pair of input images. The network is trained to synthesize frames corresponding to temporal samples along the transformation, and learns a proper shape prior that enhances the plausibility of intermediate frames. While individual frame plausibility is boosted by the adversarial setup, a special training protocol producing sequences of frames, combined with a perceptual similarity loss, promote smooth transformation over time. Explicit stating of correspondences is replaced with a grid‐based freeform deformation spatial transformer that predicts the geometric warp between the inputs, instituting the smooth geometric effect by bringing the shapes into an initial alignment. We provide comparisons to classic as well as latent space morphing techniques, and demonstrate that, given a set of images for self‐supervision, our network learns to generate visually pleasing morphing effects featuring believable in‐betweens, with robustness to changes in shape and texture, requiring no correspondence annotation.
Joint proprioception in normal, osteoarthritic and replaced knees (1991)

We measured joint position sense in the knee by a new method which tests the proprioceptive contribution of the joint capsule and ligaments. The leg was supported on a splint, and held in several positions of flexion. The subjects' perception of the position was recorded on a visual analogue model and compared with the actual angle of flexion. Eighty-one normal and 45 osteoarthritic knees were examined, as were 10 knees with semi-constrained and 11 with hinged joint replacements. All were assessed with and without an elastic bandage around the knee. There was a steady decline in joint position sense with age in subjects with normal knees. Those with osteoarthritic knees had impaired joint position sense at all ages (p less than 0.001). Knee replacement improved the joint position sense slightly (p less than 0.02); semi-constrained replacement had a greater effect than hinged replacement. The effect of an elastic bandage in subjects with poor position sense was dramatic, improving accuracy by 40% (p less than 0.001). It is proposed that reduced proprioception in elderly and osteoarthritic subjects may be responsible for initiation or advancement of degeneration of the knee.
Precursor B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with L3 Morphology, Philadelphia Chromosome, MYC Gene Translocation, and Coexpression of TdT and Surface Light Chains: A Case Report (2013)

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is predominantly found in children. It is a neoplasm of precursor cells or lymphoblasts committed to either a B- or T-cell lineage. The immature cells in B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma can be small or medium sized with scant or moderate cytoplasm and typically express B-cell markers such as CD19, cytoplasmic CD79a, and TdT without surface light chains. These markers, along with cytogenetic studies, are vital to the diagnosis, classification, and treatment of these neoplasms. We present an unusual case of a precursor B-cell ALL, in an 82-year-old woman, who presented with pancytopenia and widespread lymphadenopathy. The cells show L3 morphology (Burkitt-like lymphoma) with coexpression of TdT and surface light chains in addition to an MYC gene translocation and Philadelphia chromosome.
Low temperature dielectric properties and ac conductivities of the icosahedral boron carbides (1991)

The temperature and frequency dependences of the dielectric functions and ac conductivities (σac) of several boron carbide compositions in the single phase region (9–20 at %C) have been investigated. The low temperature (<25 K) responses are found to be characteristic of phonon‐assisted hopping transport. Evaluation of the various contributions to the real part of the dielectric constant shows that the electronic contribution is relatively large (ε’∞≂6) whereas the lattice contribution is small (ε’1≊0.2–2.0), a situation akin to that of the highly covalent semiconductors. This result implies that the electron‐lattice interaction in these materials is of short range. The dipolar contribution, ε’d, which arises from the hopping motion of localized carriers, dominates the response at low frequencies. σac exhibits a power law dependence on frequency, σ(ω)=Aωs, where s=0.85–0.90 at 4 K and decreases with increasing temperature. The results are discussed in terms of various hopping models.
Prediction of the Erosive Potential of Some Beverages (1995)

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the erosive potential of a beverage on human enamel can be predicted by examining the composition of the beverage. The buccal surfaces of 84 caries-free premolars were embedded in resin and polished flat. Two hundred micrometers of the enamel surface were removed. Then the slabs were divided into 14 groups and immersed for 20 min in commercially available beverages. Surface microhardness was measured before and after immersion. Further, the phosphate concentration, the fluoride concentration, the baseline pH as well as the titrated amount of base to raise the pH to 7.0 of each beverage were determined. Surface microhardness values after immersion were calculated with an equation derived in a recent study and compared with the values measured in this investigation. Apple juice showed the greatest significant decrease (p < 0.05) in surface microhardness, followed by Schweppes, Orangina and Grapefruit soft drink. The smallest decrease in surface microhardness that was significant resulted from Fendant and Isostar orange. The mean absolute deviation of the calculated to the effective erosion was 7.1%, it ranged between 14.6% (apple juice) and 1.6% (Fendant). The data suggest the possibility of predicting erosion caused by a beverage with an accuracy of 7%. This information can be of value in the prevention of dental erosion.
T Cell Differentiation and Function in Tissue Inflammation (2020)

Helper T cells play a critical role in the induction of tissue inflammation in immunity and autoimmunity. Various subsets of T cells such as Th1, Th2, Th9 and Th17 cells have been shown to play a key role in the induction of tissue inflammation in allergic and organ-specific autoimmune inflammation. On the other hand, regulatory cells such as Foxp3+Tregs and Tr1 cells are essential to control functions of effector T cells and maintain tissue homeostasis. Distinct transcriptional and molecular pathways have been identified for the generation of various effector and regulatory T cells. Emerging molecular signatures of these effectors and of regulatory T cells indicate plasticity in their developmental pathways, which is dictated by the tissue microenvironment and by other factors including cytokines and transcription factors. In this Research Topic, experts in this field will review aspects of:1. Subsets of helper T cells in immunity and autoimmunity2. Development and functions of pathogenic T cells in tissue inflammation3. Interplay between effector and regulatory T cells in tissue inflammation4. Molecular mechanisms of generation of pathogenic T cells5. Targeting cytokines in autoimmunity
A Minimal Functional Complex of Cytochrome P450 and FBD of Cytochrome P450 Reductase in Nanodiscs (2018)

Structural interactions that enable electron transfer to cytochrome-P450 (CYP450) from its redox partner CYP450-reductase (CPR) are a vital prerequisite for its catalytic mechanism. The first structural model for the membrane-bound functional complex to reveal interactions between the full-length CYP450 and a minimal domain of CPR is now reported. The results suggest that anchorage of the proteins in a lipid bilayer is a minimal requirement for CYP450 catalytic function. Akin to cytochrome-b<sub>5</sub> (cyt-b<sub>5</sub> ), Arg 125 on the C-helix of CYP450s is found to be important for effective electron transfer, thus supporting the competitive behavior of redox partners for CYP450s. A general approach is presented to study protein-protein interactions combining the use of nanodiscs with NMR spectroscopy and SAXS. Linking structural details to the mechanism will help unravel the xenobiotic metabolism of diverse microsomal CYP450s in their native environment and facilitate the design of new drug entities.
Plant growth retarding activity of the 4-substituted-7-(.BETA.-D-ribofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine anticytokinins. (1976)

(1976). Plant Growth Retarding Activity of the 4-Substituted-7-(β-d-ribofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine Anticytokinins. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry: Vol. 40, No. 8, pp. 1653-1654.
Transcriptome-Wide Studies of Merkel Cell Carcinoma and Validation of Intratumoral CD8+ Lymphocyte Invasion As an Independent Predictor of Survival (2011)

Intratumoral CD8+ lymphocyte infiltration can be readily assessed on paraffin-embedded tissue, is independently associated with improved MCC-specific survival, and therefore, may provide prognostic information that enhances established MCC staging protocols.
Bioinformatics tools and databases for analysis of next-generation sequence data (2011)

Genome sequencing has been revolutionized by next-generation technologies, which can rapidly produce vast quantities of data at relatively low cost. With data production now no longer being limited, there is a huge challenge to analyse the data flood and interpret biological meaning. Bioinformatics scientists have risen to the challenge and a large number of software tools and databases have been produced and these continue to evolve with this rapidly advancing field. Here, we outline some of the tools and databases commonly used for the analysis of next-generation sequence data with comment on their utility.
Protection from complement‐mediated injury in livers and kidneys of transgenic mice expressing human complement regulators (1996)

Abstract: The major problem in the use of phylogenetically distant donors is a fast, strong reaction called hyperacute rejection. This reaction mediated by complement is directed against the vascular endothelia of the transplanted organ. Complement activation is tightly controlled by several regulatory proteins which inhibit the formation and function of different complement components. To verify the hypothesis that organs expressing such inhibitory factors could be spared from complement‐mediated hyperacute rejection, we have generated mice transgenic for the human complement inhibitor membrane cofactor protein (hMCP) and decay accelerating factor (hDAF). Different levels of hMCP and/or hDAF expression, according to the promoter used, were detected by RNA analysis in the major organs, specifically on the organ vascular endothelia, as revealed by immunohistochemical analysis. The development of an in vivo model of human plasma perfusion allowed the characterization of complement‐mediated damage in control animals and the degree of protection due to the presence of hMCP, hDAF, or both in the organs derived from single or double transgenic mice. In this paper we compare the level of expression of complement regulators with the degree of protection in two major organs: liver and kidney.