gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Role of GLUT2 in Dysglycemia Associated with Fanconi–Bickel Syndrome (2022)

Fanconi−Bickel Syndrome (FBS) is a rare disorder of carbohydrate metabolism that is characterized by the accumulation of glycogen mainly in the liver. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner due to mutations in the SLC2A2 gene. SLC2A2 encodes for the glucose transporter GLUT2 and is expressed in tissues that are involved in glucose homeostasis. The molecular mechanisms of dysglycemia in FBS are still not clearly understood. In this study, we report two cases of FBS with classical phenotypes of FBS associated with dysglycemia. Genomic DNA was extracted and analyzed by whole-genome and Sanger sequencing, and patient PBMCs were used for molecular analysis. One patient had an exonic SLC2A2 mutation (c.1093C>T in exon 9, R365X), while the other patient had a novel intronic SLC2A2 mutation (c.613-7T>G). Surprisingly, the exonic mutation resulted in the overexpression of dysfunctional GLUT2, resulting in the dysregulated expression of other glucose transporters. The intronic mutation did not affect the coding sequence of GLUT2, its expression, or glucose transport activity. However, it was associated with the expression of miRNAs correlated with type 1 diabetes mellitus, with a particular significant overexpression of hsa-miR-29a-3p implicated in insulin production and secretion. Our findings suggest that SLC2A2 mutations cause dysglycemia in FBS either by a direct effect on GLUT2 expression and/or activity or, indirectly, by the dysregulated expression of miRNAs implicated in glucose homeostasis.
Multibeam SIW Slotted Waveguide Antenna System Fed by a Compact Dual-Layer Rotman Lens (2015)

A multibeam antenna system fed by a compact Rotman lens is presented in multilayer substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology. The lens is implemented in two layers using a new transition based on several star-shaped coupling slots and an SIW integrated reflector. Compared to standard rectangular coupling slots, this transition is broadband and maximizes power transfer between the two layers of the lens regardless the position of the beam port along the focal arc of the Rotman lens. The radiating part is an array of 15 slotted waveguides. These waveguides are centrally fed to enhance their bandwidth and reduce the “long line effect.” To validate the proposed concepts, an antenna system has been prototyped at 24.15 GHz. The designed transition leads to a physical size reduction of about 50% for the Rotman lens, and more than 33% for the antenna footprint compared to standard single-layer implementations. The experimental results demonstrate a scanning range of ±33° and a 4% bandwidth for VSWR <; 2; the isolation between input ports is better than -10 dB.
Binary Counter Based Gated Clock Tree for Integrated CPU Chip (2017)

The conventional clock tree, made of some buffers, is prone to large current with the increase in switching clock frequency. Due to the high current peak at the clock edge, the power and ground noise (PGN / PSN) of a CPU chip increases significantly to engender a crucial effect on the circuit performance metrics such as the delay and power dissipation of the entire chip. This current peak also gets increased when numerous signals, driven by the neighboring sources, switch simultaneously. To eliminate the above stated issue, we have come up with a new approach of designing clock tree consisting of a binary counter and an enable signal generator with reset logic. The generated enable signals control the switching of different gates of the clock tree at different time, thereby helps to yield a new current profile by reducing both the current peak and current ramp, the main culprit of power and ground noise. This work of Binary Counter based Gated Clock Tree Circuit (GCTC) is simulated for 90nm CMOS technology using CADENCE Virtuoso platform at a power supply of 1.2Volt and 5 GHz operating frequency. It is observed that the proposed GCTC outsmart the conventional method by mitigating average power, average current, current ramp and PSN by 1.88%, 9.97%, 91.9% and 83.43% respectively.
Small Molecules Activating TrkB Receptor for Treating a Variety of CNS Disorders (2013)

The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its high affinity receptor tropomyosin-receptor-kinase B (TrkB) play a critical role in neuronal differentiation and survival, synapse plasticity, and memory. Indeed, both have been implicated in the pathophysiology of numerous diseases. Although the remarkable therapeutic potential of BDNF has generated much research over the past decade, the poor pharmacokinetics and adverse side effect profile have limited its clinical usefulness of BDNF. Small compounds that mimic BDNF's neurotrophic signaling and overcome the pharmacokinetic and side effect barriers may have greater therapeutic potential. The purpose of this review is to provide a survey of the various strategies taken towards the development of small molecule mimetics for BDNF and the selective TrkB agonist. A particular focus was placed on TrkB agonist 7, 8-dihydroxyflavone, which modulates multiple functions and has demonstrated remarkable therapeutic efficacy in a variety of central nervous system disease models. Two other small molecules included in this review are adenosine A2A receptor agonists that indirectly activate TrkB, and TrkB binding domains of BDNF, loop II-LM22A compounds that directly activate TrkB. These alternative molecules have shown promise in preclinical studies and may be included in prospective clinical investigations.
ESD protection design on analog pin with very low input capacitance for high-frequency or current-mode applications (2000)

An electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection design is proposed to solve the ESD protection challenge to the analog pins: for high-frequency or current-mode applications, By including an efficient power-rails clamp circuit in the analog input/output (I/O) pin, the device dimension (W/L) of an ESD clamp device connected to the I/O pad in the analog ESD protection circuit can be reduced to only 50/0.5 (/spl mu/m//spl mu/m) in a 0.35-/spl mu/m silicided CMOS process, but it can sustain the human body model (HBM) and machine model (MM) ESD level of up to 6 kV (400 V). With such a smaller device dimension, the input capacitance of this analog ESD protection circuit can be significantly reduced to only /spl sim/1.0 pF (including the bond-pad capacitance) for high-frequency applications.
Distributed Machine Learning with a Serverless Architecture (2019)

The need to scale up machine learning, in the presence of a rapid growth of data both in volume and in variety, has sparked broad interests to develop distributed machine learning systems, typically based on parameter servers. However, since these systems are based on a dedicated cluster of physical or virtual machines, they have posed non-trivial cluster management overhead to machine learning practitioners and data scientists. In addition, there exists an inherent mismatch between the dynamically varying resource demands during a model training job and the inflexible resource provisioning model of current cluster-based systems.In this paper, we propose SIREN, an asynchronous distributed machine learning framework based on the emerging serverless architecture, with which stateless functions can be executed in the cloud without the complexity of building and maintaining virtual machine infrastructures. With SIREN, we are able to achieve a higher level of parallelism and elasticity by using a swarm of stateless functions, each working on a different batch of data, while greatly reducing system configuration overhead. Furthermore, we propose a scheduler based on Deep Reinforcement Learning to dynamically control the number and memory size of the stateless functions that should be used in each training epoch. The scheduler learns from the training process itself, in pursuit for the minimum possible training time given a cost. With our real-world prototype implementation on AWS Lambda, extensive experimental results have shown that SIREN can reduce model training time by up to 44%, as compared to traditional machine learning training benchmarks on AWS EC2 at the same cost.
Noise-aware power optimization for on-chip interconnect (2000)

Realization of high-performance domino logic depends strongly on energy-efficient and noise-tolerant interconnect design in ultra deep sub-micron processes. We characterize the cycle-averaged power model for interconnects accounting for switching statistics and dynamic behaviors. For the sake of signal integrity, cross-coupling effects are also characterized which reflect logical correlation between adjacent wires. Based on the new models for interconnect power and capacitive crosstalk, we optimize the coupling power consumed by interconnects with crosstalk constraints. Experimental results show that optimized designs save the power consumption significantly.
Heterologous expression and characterization of the exopolysaccharide from <i>Streptococcus thermophilus</i> Sfi39 (2001)

The genes responsible for exopolysaccharide (EPS) synthesis in Streptococcus thermophilus Sfi39 were identified on a 20-kb genomic fragment. The two genes, epsE and epsG, were shown to be involved in EPS synthesis as their disruption lead to the loss of the ropy phenotype. Several naturally selected nonropy mutants were isolated, one acquired an insertion sequence (IS)-element (IS905) in the middle of the eps gene cluster. The eps gene cluster was cloned and transferred into a nonEPS-producing heterologous host, Lactococcus lactis MG1363. The EPS produced was shown by chemical analysis and NMR spectroscopy to be identical to the EPS produced by S. thermophilus Sfi39. This demonstrated first that all genes needed for EPS production and export were present in the S. thermophilus Sfi39 eps gene cluster, and second that the heterologous production of an EPS was possible by transfer of the complete eps gene cluster alone, provided that the heterologous host possessed all necessary genetic information for precursor synthesis.
miRNA-based mechanism for the commitment of multipotent progenitors to a single cellular fate (2010)

When stem cells and multipotent progenitors differentiate, they undergo fate restriction, enabling a single fate and blocking differentiation along alternative routes. We herein present a mechanism whereby such unequivocal commitment is achieved, based on microRNA (miRNA)-dependent repression of an alternative cell fate. We show that the commitment of monocyte RAW264.7 progenitors to active macrophage differentiation involves rapid up-regulation of miR-155 expression, which leads to the suppression of the alternative pathway, namely RANK ligand-induced osteoclastogenesis, by repressing the expression of MITF, a transcription factor essential for osteoclast differentiation. A temporal asymmetry, whereby miR-155 expression precedes and overrides the activation of the osteoclast transcriptional program, provides the means for coherent macrophage differentiation, even in the presence of osteoclastogenic signals. Based on these findings, we propose that miRNA may provide a general mechanism for the unequivocal commitment underlying stem cell differentiation.
Effects of a Single Dose of Topical Brimonidine 0.15% on Anterior Segment Morphology, Pupil Characteristics, and Choroidal Thickness in Healthy Subjects (2020)

A single dose of brimonidine causes thickening in CCT and widening in ICA values in treated eyes. In addition, it has significant effect to decrease the scotopic, mesopic, photopic, and dynamic PD values in treated and even contralateral eyes while has no effect on choroidal blood flow.
Memristor-based fine resolution programmable resistance and its applications (2009)

This paper demonstrates that memristors can be used to form a fine resolution programmable resistance without perturbations by parasitic components. By exploiting the memristor characteristics, fine resolution programmable memristance is achieved by varying the amount of charges flowing or flux across the memristor. Under the same circuit configuration with same or even less amount of parasitics, memristance is reconfigured with fine resolution by controlling the input pulse width and its frequency. This paper shows an example of pulse programmed memristors and their analog circuit applications.
Insertional mutagenesis of the maize P gene by intragenic transposition of Ac. (1992)

The P-rr allele of the maize P gene regulates the synthesis of pigments derived from flavan-4-ol in the pericarp, cob glumes and other floral organs. We characterized 21 P alleles derived by intragenic transposition of Ac from three known positions. Ac transpositions can occur in either direction in the P gene, and with no apparent minimum distance: in one case Ac transposed just 6 bp from its original insertion site. However, the distribution of transposed Ac elements was markedly nonrandom: of 19 transposed Ac elements derived from a single Ac donor, 15 were inserted in a 1.1-kb region at the 5' end of P, while none had inserted in an adjacent 3.2-kb intronic region. All of the Ac insertions affect both pericarp and cob glume pigmentation, providing further evidence that the P-rr allele contains a single gene required for both pericarp and cob glume pigmentation. The distribution of the inserted Ac elements and the phenotype conditioned by each allele suggests a structure of P-rr which is similar to that previously determined molecularly. Possible explanations for the nonrandom distribution of transposed Ac elements are discussed.
Location-aware access control for pervasive computing environments (2003)

In pervasive computing environments certain applications are interested in a user&apos;s location in order to provide a service. Such applications would bene t from an architecture that enables users to prove their location prior to requesting a service. We present PAC, an architecture for location-aware access control in pervasive computing environments, where users authenticate their location in order to gain access to resources. PAC preserves user anonymity and uses lightweight security. We evaluate our architecture with respect to its security and its scalability as the number of resources and users increase.
Point Cloud Skeletons via Laplacian Based Contraction (2010)

We present an algorithm for curve skeleton extraction via Laplacian-based contraction. Our algorithm can be applied to surfaces with boundaries, polygon soups, and point clouds. We develop a contraction operation that is designed to work on generalized discrete geometry data, particularly point clouds, via local Delaunay triangulation and topological thinning. Our approach is robust to noise and can handle moderate amounts of missing data, allowing skeleton-based manipulation of point clouds without explicit surface reconstruction. By avoiding explicit reconstruction, we are able to perform skeleton-driven topology repair of acquired point clouds in the presence of large amounts of missing data. In such cases, automatic surface reconstruction schemes tend to produce incorrect surface topology. We show that the curve skeletons we extract provide an intuitive and easy-to-manipulate structure for effective topology modification, leading to more faithful surface reconstruction.
Orientation of Spaceborne SAR Stereo Pairs Employing the RPC Adjustment Model (2011)

Since the adoption of the rational polynomial coefficient (RPC) adjustment model as a preferred sensor orientation model for high-resolution optical satellite imagery, it has been demonstrated to be effective and robust. However, no publication discusses the application of the RPC adjustment model to the 3-D intersection from SAR stereoscopic pairs. This paper aims to validate the RPC adjustment model for spaceborne SAR stereoscopic orientation. Initially, a brief summary of the mathematical background of the RPC model is presented. Then, the SAR orientation errors are analyzed, namely, the orientation parameters, having the same net effect on the object-image relationship, and combined into a single adjustment parameter. The required adjustment is then discussed, and the formulation of the adjustment model is outlined. Finally, a number of designed adjustment experiments controlled via well-surveyed corner reflectors and an existing digital elevation model plus a digital orthophotograph map at the scale of 1:10 000 are performed. Multisensor images of TerraSAR-X, COnstellation of small Satellites for the Mediterranean basin Observation (COSMO-SkyMed), and Satellite Pour l'Observation de la Terre-5 (SPOT-5) over the Guangzhou area are used as test data. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can be generally applied to different imaging systems or the stereoscopic fusion of combined data and can achieve high orientation accuracy.
The cross-informant concordance and concurrent validity of the Borderline Personality Features Scale for Children in a community sample of boys (2010)

The Borderline Personality Disorder Features Scale for Children (BPFSC) is currently the only dimensional measure specifically developed to assess borderline features in children and adolescents. Few studies have investigated this measure for its concurrent validity and concordance between youth self-report and parent-report versions. To this end, the current study had two aims: (1) to investigate the cross-informant concordance (youth self-report vs. parent-report) of the BPFSC; and (2) to examine the concurrent validity of the BPFSC by showing that youth scoring high on the BPFSC also show poor clinical and psychosocial functioning, as measured by a standard Axis I scale. A community sample (N = 171) of boys between the ages of 8 and 18 completed the BPFSC and a self-report measure of Axis I psychopathology. Parents completed a newly developed parent-report version of the BPFSC (BPFSP) and a standard measure of Axis I psychopathology to index clinical and psychosocial functioning. Findings confirmed expectations. Modest concordance between parent- and self-report ratings were found. In addition, youth with borderline features showed poorer clinical and psychosocial functioning in all domains, especially where externalizing problems were concerned. Concurrent validity and modest parent-child concordance were demonstrated for the BPFSC. The BPFSC and BPFSP show promise as dimensional measures to assess borderline features in boys. However, a criterion validity study is needed before the measure can be used.
Empirical mode decomposition and synchrogram approach to cardiorespiratory synchronization (2006)

We use the empirical mode decomposition method to decompose experimental respiratory signals into a set of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), and consider one of these IMFs as a respiratory rhythm. We then use the Hilbert spectral analysis to calculate the instantaneous phase of the IMF. Heartbeat data are finally incorporated to construct the cardiorespiratory synchrogram, which is a visual tool for inspecting synchronization. We perform analysis on 20 data sets collected by the Harvard medical school from ten young (21-34 years old) and ten elderly (68-81 years old) rigorously screened healthy subjects. Our results support the existence of cardiorespiratory synchronization. We also investigate the origin of the cardiorespiratory synchronization by addressing the problem of correlations between regularities of respiratory and cardiac signals. Our analysis shows that regularity of respiratory signals plays a dominant role in the cardiorespiratory synchronization.
Simplified immunophenotypic analysis by laser scanning cytometry (1998)

Immunophenotypic analysis of hematologic specimens is a useful laboratory adjunct to surgical pathology and cytology to confirm or further characterize diagnoses of leukemia or lymphoma. Laser scanning cytometry is a new laboratory technology that has been adapted to perform immunophenotypic analysis of hematologic specimens, with numerous advantages as compared with flow cytometry. In order to make full use of the laser scanning cytometer's capabilities, a new method of specimen preparation and means of performing the immunofluorescent reactions was developed. The technique described in this report, specific only to laser scanning cytometry, enables panels of up to 36 different antibodies to be used on specimens as small as 50,000 total cells. The laboratory methodology is simple, requires 85% less antibody than flow cytometric methods, and allows individual cell cytologic morphology to be correlated with objective physical and fluorescent measurements on a cell-by-cell basis. Other advantages are described in the text. Over the course of nine months in our community hospital, we have used this technique clinically to analyze 172 cases of suspected leukemia or lymphoma. The method has proven remarkably useful, particularly for extremely small specimens such as fine needle aspiration biopsies.
Theoretical analysis of two-dimensional buckling patterns of thin metal-polymer bilayer on the substrate (2005)

Theoretical analysis based on a nondegenerate perturbation method is presented for two-dimensional buckling patterns of a thin metal-capped polymer bilayer on a rigid substrate. The analysis reveals that isotropic one-dimensional buckling mode has the lowest free energy, which contrasts previous work on the buckling of a thin metal film on the semi-infinitely thick polymer layer studied by Chen and Hutchinson [J. Appl. Mech. 71, 597 (2004)]. In the low stress region, however, checkerboard buckling mode has the lowest energy. Herringbone buckling mode is shown to be represented by a linear combination of the checkerboard mode and the isotropic one-dimensional mode. Disorder parameter values are given for these various two-dimensional buckling modes on the basis of an envelope function.
Nature and Kinetic Analysis of Carbon−Carbon Bond Fragmentation Reactions of Cation Radicals Derived from SET-Oxidation of Lignin Model Compounds (2010)

Features of the oxidative cleavage reactions of diastereomers of dimeric lignin model compounds, which are models of the major types of structural units found in the lignin backbone, were examined. Cation radicals of these substances were generated by using SET-sensitized photochemical and Ce(IV) and lignin peroxidase promoted oxidative processes, and the nature and kinetics of their C-C bond cleavage reactions were determined. The results show that significant differences exist between the rates of cation radical C1-C2 bond cleavage reactions of 1,2-diaryl-(β-1) and 1-aryl-2-aryloxy-(β-O-4) propan-1,3-diol structural units found in lignins. Specifically, under all conditions C1-C2 bond cleavage reactions of cation radicals of the β-1 models take place more rapidly than those of the β-O-4 counterparts. The results of DFT calculations on cation radicals of the model compounds show that the C1-C2 bond dissociation energies of the β-1 lignin model compounds are significantly lower than those of the β-O-4 models, providing clear evidence for the source of the rate differences.
Analysis and Design of Branch-Line Hybrids with Coupled Lines (1984)

The scattering parameters of four-ports consisting of coupled lines with coupled or uncoupled connecting branches are derived in terms of the even- and odd-mode impedances and the lengths of the lines. These are used to analyze and formulate basic design procedures for the application of these structures as directional couplers including 0° and 90° 3-dB hybrids. The proposed new structures are quite compact at lower frequencies as compared to conventional uncoupled branch-line and rat-race hybrids. The results for the case of the coupled-line four-port with uncoupled branch lines also lead to closed-form expressions for the lengths and impedances of the lines required to nullify the effect of coupling between the main lines of a conventional branch-line coupler for use at higher frequencies. The measured response of the fabricated couplers is in good agreement with the theoretical predictions.