gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhancement-Mode AlGaN/GaN HEMTs with Low On-Resistance and Low Knee-Voltage (2006)

Based on fluoride-based plasma treatment of the gate region in AlGaNGaN HEMTs and post-gate rapid thermal annealing (RTA), enhancement mode (E-mode) AlGaNGaN HEMTs with low on-resistance and low knee-voltage were fabricated. The fabricated E-mode AlGaNGaN HEMT with 1 μ m-long gate exhibits a threshold voltage of 0.9 V, a knee-voltage of 2.2 V, a maximum drain current density of 310 mAmm, a peak g<sub>m</sub> of 148 mSmm, a current gain cutoff frequency f<sub>T</sub> of 10.1 GHz and a maximum oscillation frequency f<sub>max</sub> of 34.3 GHz. In addition, the fluoride-based plasma treatment was also found to be effective in lowering the gate leakage current, in both forward and reverse bias. Two orders of magnitude reducation in gate leakage current was observed in the fabricated E-mode HEMTs compared to the conventional D-mode HEMTs without fluoride-based plasma treatment.
UVB-irradiated human keratinocytes and interleukin-1alpha indirectly increase MAP kinase/AP-1 activation and MMP-1 production in UVA-irradiated dermal fibroblasts. (2006)

UVB-irradiated keratinocytes and IL-1alpha indirectly promote MMP-1 production in UVA-irradiated fibroblasts by increasing MAP kinase/AP-1 activity. IL-1 may play an important role in the paracrine activation and dermal collagen excessive degradation leading to skin photoaging.
Formation of 8-nitroguanine by the reaction of guanine with peroxynitrite <i>in vitro</i> (1995)

Nitric oxide and superoxide anion, both formed in inflamed tissues, react rapidly to form the peroxynitrite anion (ONOO−), a strong oxidant which can initiate reactions characteristic of hydroxyl radical (HO•), nitronium ion (NO2+) and nitrogen dioxide radical (NO2•). Peroxynitrite, therefore, may cause DNA or tissue damage, contributing to the multistage carcinogenesis process. We have studied reactions of various bases, nucleosides or deoxynucleosides with peroxynitrite in vitro. Guanine reacted rapidly with peroxynitrite under physiological conditions and formed several substances, two of which were yellow, a characteristic of nitro and nitroso compounds. On the basis of chromatographic and spectral evidence we identified the major compound (which accounts for ∼80% of all compounds formed) as 8-nitroguanine. Its formation was maximal at ∼pH 8 and increased dose-dependently with peroxynitrite concentration, but was not dependent on guanine concentration. The presence of ferric ions, which has been shown to catalyse nitration of tyrosine, did not affect nitration of guanine. 8-Nitroguanine could act as a specific marker for DNA damage induced by peroxynitrite in inflamed tissues.
Synthesis of 2,5-disubstituted 3,6-diamino-1,4-benzoquinones (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 2,5-disubstituted 3,6-diamino-1,4-benzoquinonesLouis S. Heqedus, Roy R. Odle, Peter M. Winton, and Paul R. WeiderCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 13, 2607–2613Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00134a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00134a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1773Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Continuous imaging of plasmon rulers in live cells reveals early-stage caspase-3 activation at the single-molecule level (2009)

The use of plasmon coupling in metal nanoparticles has shown great potential for the optical characterization of many biological processes. Recently, we have demonstrated the use of "plasmon rulers" to observe conformational changes of single biomolecules in vitro. Plasmon rulers provide robust signals without photobleaching or blinking. Here, we show the first application of plasmon rulers to in vivo studies to observe very long trajectories of single biomolecules in live cells. We present a unique type of plasmon ruler comprised of peptide-linked gold nanoparticle satellites around a core particle, which was used as a probe to optically follow cell-signaling pathways in vivo at the single-molecule level. These "crown nanoparticle plasmon rulers" allowed us to continuously monitor trajectories of caspase-3 activity in live cells for over 2 h, providing sufficient time to observe early-stage caspase-3 activation, which was not possible by conventional ensemble analyses.
In Vivo Determination of Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Availability in Schizophrenia (2002)

These results indicate a reduction in muscarinic acetylcholine receptor availability in vivo in unmedicated patients with schizophrenia, confirming results from postmortem studies and adding further evidence that the muscarinic system is involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
Characterization of the nitric oxide reductase-encoding region in Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.3 (1997)

A gene cluster which includes genes required for the expression of nitric oxide reductase in Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.3 has been isolated and characterized. Sequence analysis indicates that the two proximal genes in the cluster are the Nor structural genes. These two genes and four distal genes apparently constitute an operon. Mutational analysis indicates that the two structural genes, norC and norB, and the genes immediately downstream, norQ and norD, are required for expression of an active Nor complex. The remaining two genes, nnrT and nnrU, are required for expression of both Nir and Nor. The products of norCBQD have significant identity with products from other denitrifiers, whereas the predicted nnrT and nnrU gene products have no similarity with products corresponding to other sequences in the database. Mutational analysis and functional complementation studies indicate that the nnrT and nnrU genes can be expressed from an internal promoter. Deletion analysis of the regulatory region upstream of norC indicated that a sequence motif which has identity to a motif in the gene encoding nitrite reductase in strain 2.4.3 is critical for nor operon expression. Regulatory studies demonstrated that the first four genes, norCBQD, are expressed only when the oxygen concentration is low and nitrate is present but that the two distal genes, nnrTU, are expressed constitutively.
Barcode technology in yeast: application to pharmacogenomics (2010)

The common baker's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is one of the oldest domesticated organisms known, and has been exploited by our ancestors in several different applications, particularly in food and fermentations industries and in bioconversion and biodegradation processes. Over the years, yeast has become an excellent experimental model for biological and medical studies, thanks to its genetic tractability, well-known physiology and fast-doubling cycle. In the last decade, the advances in genome sequencing opened the doors to high-throughput studies and yeast quickly has become a model system for drug discovery and mode of action. This review provides a focused overview of the achievements in the field of human medicine and pharmacology by exploiting the molecular tools available for yeast.
Architecture Exploration and Customization Tool of Deep Neural Networks for Edge Devices (2022)

Recently, Deep Neural Network(DNN)-based applications are increasing in embedded edge devices. However, due to the high computational complexity, DNN has limitations in properly executing and optimizing on edge devices. As s result, DNN exploration framework is required to customize various DNN models for edge device from the software to hardware perspectives. In this paper, we provide a GUI-based framework for architectural exploration of DNN networks in edge devices. It provides software optimization such as quantization and pruning, as well as hardware performance analysis using Virtual Platform(VP)-based Deep Learning Accelerator(DLA).
Comparison of the Suppression of Cell and Virus Growth in Transformed Human Cells by Leukocyte and Fibroblast Interferon (1979)

The effects of human leukocyte interferon (Le-IF) and fibroblast interferon (F-IF) on the growth of the transformed human cell lines, RSa and RSb, were compared. Both were considerably more sensitive to F-IF than to Le-IF. Two cell lines, IFr and F-IFr, derived from the RSa cell line, were resistant to the anticellular effects of Le-IF, but less resistant to those of F-IF.
End-of-Life Care for Individuals with Dementia (2012)

End-of-life care for individuals with dementia can be complicated and difficult for clinicians, families and the patient. This paper examines the current literature on end-of-life practices for individuals with dementia and discusses emerging trends to help inform clinicians about factors that influence end-of-life care for individuals with dementia. Research articles highlight nursing home care, hospice and palliative care, and decision-making as major themes influencing end-of-life care, and suggest recommendations for clinicians in improving practice in these areas.
Early stages of surface graphitization on nanodiamond probed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (2011)

We have investigated the early stages of graphitization on detonation nanodiamond during sequential annealing treatments under vacuum using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Two different temperature-dependent regimes were observed. Below 900 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C, the nanodiamond surface reconstructs into graphitic domain but does not alter the diamond core. Above 900 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C, graphitization, i.e., carbon hybridization changes from $s{p}^{3}$ to $s{p}^{2}$, occurs from the nanodiamond surface toward the diamond core. Graphitization is observed at much lower temperatures on nanodiamonds than on bulk diamond due to the high concentration of structural defects on their surface. These results indicate that low-temperature annealing under vacuum is an efficient method to uncouple surface and bulk graphitization. Hybrid nanocarbons formed in these conditions, constituted of a diamond core with a thin graphitic outer shell, may have interesting catalytic and chemical properties.
Sub-nanomolar Detection of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen in Synthetic Urine by Synergistic, Dual-Ligand Phage (2013)

The sensitive detection of cancer biomarkers in urine could revolutionize cancer diagnosis and treatment. Such detectors must be inexpensive, easy to interpret, and sensitive. This report describes a bioaffinity matrix of viruses integrated into PEDOT films for electrochemical sensing of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), a prostate cancer biomarker. High sensitivity to PSMA resulted from synergistic action by two different ligands to PSMA on the same phage particle. One ligand was genetically encoded, and the secondary recognition ligand was chemically synthesized to wrap around the phage. The dual ligands result in a bidentate binder with high-copy, dense ligand display for enhanced PSMA detection through a chelate-based avidity effect. Biosensing with virus-PEDOT films provides a 100 pM limit of detection for PSMA in synthetic urine without requiring enzymatic or other amplification.
Design and Analysis of Optimization Methods for Subdivision Surface Fitting (2007)

We present a complete framework for computing a subdivision surface to approximate unorganized point sample data, which is a separable nonlinear least squares problem. We study the convergence and stability of three geometrically-motivated optimization schemes and reveal their intrinsic relations with standard methods for constrained nonlinear optimization. A commonly-used method in graphics, called point distance minimization, is shown to use a variant of the gradient descent step and thus has only linear convergence. The second method, called tangent distance minimization, which is well-known in computer vision, is shown to use the Gauss-Newton step, and thus demonstrates near quadratic convergence for zero residual problems but may not converge otherwise. Finally, we show that an optimization scheme called squared distance minimization, recently proposed by Pottmann et al., can be derived from the Newton method. Hence, with proper regularization, tangent distance minimization and squared distance minimization are more efficient than point distance minimization. We also investigate the effects of two step size control methods -- Levenberg-Marquardt regularization and the Armijo rule -- on the convergence stability and efficiency of the above optimization schemes.
Radiological application of three-dimensional imaging systems. (1992)

Three-dimensional displays are becoming more frequent in medical imaging. As PACS and imaging workstations as nodes on networks provide greater ease and availability of three-dimensional reconstructions of digital data applications are increasing. Applications at this time are limited to high-contrast structures. In CT these are complex fractures or deformities. Three-dimensional display clarifies the anatomy and facilitates operative planning. In MRI, MR angiography is the principal application. The ability to rotate the data set in three dimensions eliminates potential overlap, increasing the sensitivity and specificity of the technique. Three-dimensional imaging is becoming available for scintigraphic and sonographic studies but applications have not yet been clarified.
The Use of Esmolol, Nicardipine, or Their Combination to Blunt Hemodynamic Changes After Laryngoscopy and Tracheal Intubation (2000)

Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation (LTI) often provoke an undesirable increase in blood pressure (BP) and/or heart rate (HR). We tested the premise that nicardipine (NIC) and esmolol (ESM) in combination (COMB) would oppose both. Adult surgical patients received pretreatment (randomized) with IV bolus NIC 30 μg/kg (n = 31), ESM 1.0 mg/kg (n = 34), or COMB (one-half dose each, n = 32). Peak BP and HR after LTI were compared with controls (CONT;n = 35) with no pretreatment. Anesthetic induction was standardized: IV thiopental (5–7 mg/kg), fentanyl (1–2 μg/kg), and succinylcholine (1.5 mg/kg). Systolic (S), diastolic (D), and mean (M) BP and HR awake before pretreatment (baseline) were similar in all test groups. No patient was treated for hypotension, bradycardia, or tachycardia after pretreatment or anesthetic induction. Peak HR after LTI was increased versus baseline in CONT and all test groups, but did not differ from CONT among the test groups. Peak SBP and DBP increased versus baseline in CONT, and with ESM and NIC, but not COMB. Peak SBP, DBP, and MBP were increased with ESM versus COMB, and peak DBP with ESM versus NIC. Compared with no pretreatment before the IV induction of general anesthesia, the peak increase in BP after LTI is best blunted by the combination of nicardipine and ESM, compared with either drug alone. No single drug or combination in the doses tested opposed increased HR. Implications Compared with no pretreatment before the IV induction of general anesthesia, the peak increase in blood pressure after laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation is best blunted by the combination of nicardipine and esmolol, compared with either drug alone. No single drug or combination in the doses tested opposed increased heart rate.
Single-Cell Transcriptomics of Regulatory T Cells Reveals Trajectories of Tissue Adaptation (2019)

Non-lymphoid tissues (NLTs) harbor a pool of adaptive immune cells with largely unexplored phenotype and development. We used single-cell RNA-seq to characterize 35,000 CD4<sup>+</sup> regulatory (Treg) and memory (Tmem) T cells in mouse skin and colon, their respective draining lymph nodes (LNs) and spleen. In these tissues, we identified Treg cell subpopulations with distinct degrees of NLT phenotype. Subpopulation pseudotime ordering and gene kinetics were consistent in recruitment to skin and colon, yet the initial NLT-priming in LNs and the final stages of NLT functional adaptation reflected tissue-specific differences. Predicted kinetics were recapitulated using an in vivo melanoma-induction model, validating key regulators and receptors. Finally, we profiled human blood and NLT Treg and Tmem cells, and identified cross-mammalian conserved tissue signatures. In summary, we describe the relationship between Treg cell heterogeneity and recruitment to NLTs through the combined use of computational prediction and in vivo validation.
A model-based responsive web user interface development method (2015)

The wide variety of devices currently available, which is bound to increase in the coming years, posed a number of issues for design cycle the of interactive Web applications. That couldn't develop user interface with high quality such as usability and user experience. So this paper propose that combine responsive design method with Model-based method. Add responsive model in the FMP(F-Function, M-Model, P-Presentation) model so that can make responsive user interface, called it FMr(responsive)P model. And then improve the model translating process based on FMrP and propose some translating guide.
Laser-Induced Backside Wet Etching of Transparent Materials with Organic and Metallic Absorbers (2008)

Laser-induced backside wet etching (LIBWE) allows the high-quality etching of transparent materials for micro- and nanopatterning. Recent own results of LIBWE with hydrocarbon and metallic absorbers (H- and M-LIBWE) are summarized and compared with selected results of other groups regarding the etching process and the etched surface. Significant results on the impact of the liquid absorber, the material and the wavelength, and the pulse length of the laser to the etching are selected for this comparison. The etching of submicron-sized periodic structures in sapphire and fused silica with interference techniques and the selection of the preferred method in dependence on the material and the processing goal discussed. The experimental results are discussed on a thermal model considering both interface and volume absorption of the laser beam. These results have the conclusion that the etching at M-LIBWE is mainly due to material melting and evaporation whereas at H-LIBWE, a modified near-surface region with a very high absorption is ablated.
Osmoregulation in Azospirillum brasilense: glycine betaine transport enhances growth and nitrogen fixation under salt stress (1990)

Addition of glycine betaine (1 mM) stimulated aerobic growth of Azospirillum brasilense Sp 7 in the presence of 0.3 M-NaC1. The nitrogenase activity of whole cells was particularly sensitive to salt stress, being almost totally inhibited in the presence of the same concentration of salt. Added glycine betaine strongly enhanced nitrogen fixation activity under salt stress. Under such conditions, maximal nitrogenase activity was obtained at a p(02),value (1 kPa) that inhibits nitrogen fixation activity in the absence of salt. We demonstrated the presence of a high affinity transport system for glycine betaine, with an apparent K(m), of 10 μM. The osmolarity of the medium regulated the activity of the transport system. The maximal transport rates were 4 and 20 nmol min(-l) (mg protein)(-l) in cells grown in low-salt and high-salt medium, respectively. A high intracellular concentration of glycine betaine (480 mM) was observed only at a high osmolarity (0.3 M-NaC1). Glycine betaine uptake was significantly reduced in osmotically shocked cells and a glycine betaine binding activity was detected in the crude periplasmic shock fluid. This suggests a transport mechanism involving a periplasmic glycine betaine binding protein. A. brasilense was unable to use the transported glycine betaine as a carbon- or nitrogen-source, in low- or high-salt medium. Intracellular glycine betaine was not catabolized.
<i>In vivo</i> evaluation of a new sealant material on a rat lung air leak model (2001)

The ability of an albumin-based hydrogel sealant (ABHS) to prevent air leakage through the suture line after pulmonary surgery was evaluated by comparison with that of a fibrin glue (FG). As an air-leak model, a rat lung was used in which a standard incision was made and the burst pressure for ABHS and FG was measured. The average burst pressures at time 0 for the FG and ABHS groups were 30.8+/-15.2 and 77.5 +/-19.1 mmHg, respectively. At Day 3, the value of ABHS (76.3 +/- 15.8 mmHg) was still significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of FG (60.0 +/- 21.9 mmHg). At Day 7, no statistical difference was observed between the FG group(71.2 +/- 18.6 mmHg) and the ABHS group(88.8 +/- 11.7 mmHg). Histological examination of the incision at Day 14 revealed that neither sealant was not visible at the incision site, and there was no evidence of adverse tissue reaction. It was concluded that ABHS had good sealing properties and is an alternative to FG for air leakage treatment in pulmonary surgery.
ASTROIMAGEJ: IMAGE PROCESSING AND PHOTOMETRIC EXTRACTION FOR ULTRA-PRECISE ASTRONOMICAL LIGHT CURVES (2017)

ABSTRACT ImageJ is a graphical user interface (GUI) driven, public domain, Java-based, software package for general image processing traditionally used mainly in life sciences fields. The image processing capabilities of ImageJ are useful and extendable to other scientific fields. Here we present AstroImageJ (AIJ), which provides an astronomy specific image display environment and tools for astronomy specific image calibration and data reduction. Although AIJ maintains the general purpose image processing capabilities of ImageJ, AIJ is streamlined for time-series differential photometry, light curve detrending and fitting, and light curve plotting, especially for applications requiring ultra-precise light curves (e.g., exoplanet transits). AIJ reads and writes standard Flexible Image Transport System (FITS) files, as well as other common image formats, provides FITS header viewing and editing, and is World Coordinate System aware, including an automated interface to the astrometry.net web portal for plate solving images. AIJ provides research grade image calibration and analysis tools with a GUI driven approach, and easily installed cross-platform compatibility. It enables new users, even at the level of undergraduate student, high school student, or amateur astronomer, to quickly start processing, modeling, and plotting astronomical image data with one tightly integrated software package.
Non-Parametric Time Series Classification (2006)

We present an improved state-based prediction algorithm for time series. Given time series produced by a process composed of different underlying states, the algorithm predicts future time series values based on past time series values for each state. Unlike many algorithms, this algorithm predicts a multi-modal distribution over future values. This prediction forms the basis for labelling part of a time series with the underlying state that created it given some labelled example signals. The algorithm is robust to a wide variety of possible types of changes in signals including changes in mean, amplitude, amount of noise, and period. We show results demonstrating that the algorithm successfully segments signals from several robotic sensors generated while performing a variety of simple tasks.