gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antioxidants and UV stabilizers: A summary of their utilization in PVC (1993)

Abstract With the ever increasing demand for better performing products has come the enhanced use of stabilizers and stabilizer systems in both the production and processing of poly(vinylchloride). Antioxidants and chain terminators are commonly used in teh resin manufacturing to improve the initial color and overall quality of the polymer isolated from production. Hindered phenolics and organophosphites have been found to boost the performance of thermal stabilizers for PVC processing. Additionally, as both rigid and flexible PVC compounds have found greater and more demanding weatherable applications both indoors and outdoors, the utilization of UV stabilizers has grown proportionally. For most outdoor applications the UV stabilizer system is essential for the maintenance of color and mechanical properties of the PVC product. This paper attempts to review and discuss stabilizer usage for specific PVC formulations and applications and answer questions as to how and why they are used.
Answering Questions with Complex Semantic Constraints on Open Knowledge Bases (2015)

A knowledge-based question-answering system (KB-QA) is one that answers natural language questions with information stored in a large-scale knowledge base (KB). Existing KB-QA systems are either powered by curated KBs in which factual knowledge is encoded in entities and relations with well-structured schemas, or by open KBs, which contain assertions represented in the form of triples (e.g., subject; relation phrase; argument). We show that both approaches fall short in answering questions with complex prepositional or adverbial constraints. We propose using n-tuple assertions, which are assertions with an arbitrary number of arguments, and n-tuple open KB (nOKB), which is an open knowledge base of n-tuple assertions. We present TAQA, a novel KB-QA system that is based on an nOKB and illustrate via experiments how TAQA can effectively answer complex questions with rich semantic constraints. Our work also results in a new open KB containing 120M n-tuple assertions and a collection of 300 labeled complex questions, which is made publicly available for further research.
QoS-Aware Machine Learning-based Multiple Resources Scheduling for Microservices in Cloud Environment (2019)

Microservices have been dominating in the modern cloud environment. To improve cost efficiency, multiple microservices are normally co-located on a server. Thus, the run-time resource scheduling becomes the pivot for QoS control. However, the scheduling exploration space enlarges rapidly with the increasing server resources - cores, cache, bandwidth, etc. - and the diversity of microservices. Consequently, the existing schedulers might not meet the rapid changes in service demands. Besides, we observe that there exist resource cliffs in the scheduling space. It not only impacts the exploration efficiency, making it difficult to converge to the optimal scheduling solution, but also results in severe QoS fluctuation. To overcome these problems, we propose a novel machine learning-based scheduling mechanism called OSML. It uses resources and runtime states as the input and employs two MLP models and a reinforcement learning model to perform scheduling space exploration. Thus, OSML can reach an optimal solution much faster than traditional approaches. More importantly, it can automatically detect the resource cliff and avoid them during exploration. To verify the effectiveness of OSML and obtain a well-generalized model, we collect a dataset containing over 2-billion samples from 11 typical microservices running on real servers over 9 months. Under the same QoS constraint, experimental results show that OSML outperforms the state-of-the-art work, and achieves around 5 times scheduling speed.
Altered Preconception Fatty Acid Intake Is Associated with Improved Pregnancy Rates in Overweight and Obese Women Undertaking in Vitro Fertilisation (2016)

Maternal preconception diet is proposed to affect fertility. Prior research assessing the effect of altering the fatty acid profile on female fertility is conflicting. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of preconception maternal diet, specifically fatty acid profile, on pregnancies and live births following in vitro fertilisation (IVF). Forty-six overweight and obese women undergoing IVF were randomised to a diet and physical activity intervention (intervention) or standard care (control). Outcome measures included pregnancy, live birth and pre-study dietary intake from food frequency questionnaire. Twenty pregnancies (n = 12/18 vs. n = 8/20, p = 0.12) and 12 live births (n = 7/18 vs. n = 5/20, p = 0.48) occurred following the intervention with no differences between the treatment groups. On analysis adjusted for BMI and smoking status, women who became pregnant had higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake (p = 0.03), specifically omega-6 PUFA and linoleic acid (LA) (p = 0.045) with a trend for an elevated intake of omega-3 PUFA (p = 0.06). There were no dietary differences for women who did or did not have a live birth. Maternal preconception PUFA, and specifically omega-6 and LA intake, are associated with improved pregnancy rates in overweight and obese women undergoing IVF. This has implications for optimising fertility through preconception nutrition.
Real-Time 3D Model Tracking in Color and Depth on a Single CPU Core (2019)

We present a novel method to track 3D models in color and depth data. To this end, we introduce approximations that accelerate the state-of-the-art in region-based tracking by an order of magnitude while retaining similar accuracy. Furthermore, we show how the method can be made more robust in the presence of depth data and consequently formulate a new joint contour and ICP tracking energy. We present better results than the state-of-the-art while being much faster then most other methods and achieving all of the above on a single CPU core.
Robust photodetector for vacuum ultraviolet laser light (2004)

An evacuated photocell including a pair of planar interdigitated electrodes fabricated on a sapphire substrate is proposed. Photocurrent in the photocell was found to be originated from both a photoemission effect on the gold cathode and an internal photoelectric effect in the sapphire substrate. Because of the robust nature of the sapphire substrate and the gold electrodes, the photocell reliably tolerated more than 105 shots of fluorine laser pulses as strong as 0.13 J/cm2/pulse on the 7×7 mm2 active area. The photocell was successfully employed for measuring the pulse shapes of F2 laser light with a temporal resolution shorter than 6 ns.
Effects of codon optimization on coagulation factor IX translation and structure: Implications for protein and gene therapies (2019)

Synonymous codons occur with different frequencies in different organisms, a phenomenon termed codon usage bias. Codon optimization, a common term for a variety of approaches used widely by the biopharmaceutical industry, involves synonymous substitutions to increase protein expression. It had long been presumed that synonymous variants, which, by definition, do not alter the primary amino acid sequence, have no effect on protein structure and function. However, a critical mass of reports suggests that synonymous codon variations may impact protein conformation. To investigate the impact of synonymous codons usage on protein expression and function, we designed an optimized coagulation factor IX (FIX) variant and used multiple methods to compare its properties to the wild-type FIX upon expression in HEK293T cells. We found that the two variants differ in their conformation, even when controlling for the difference in expression levels. Using ribosome profiling, we identified robust changes in the translational kinetics of the two variants and were able to identify a region in the gene that may have a role in altering the conformation of the protein. Our data have direct implications for codon optimization strategies, for production of recombinant proteins and gene therapies.
Seizure resistance is dependent upon age and calorie restriction in rats fed a ketogenic diet (1999)

The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of age on the efficacy of the ketogenic diet in suppressing seizures evoked by tail-vein infusion of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). Male rats of various ages were divided into three groups and fed one of three diets: (1) a calorie-restricted ketogenic diet, (2) a calorie-restricted normal (rodent chow) diet, or (3) a normal diet, ad libitum. After animals had been on experimental or control diets for more than 20 days, seizure threshold and blood levels of beta-hydroxybutyrate (beta-OHB) were determined. Animals fed a ketogenic diet exhibited significant elevations in levels of beta-OHB and seizure resistance compared to animals fed either a calorie-restricted normal diet or a normal diet, ad libitum. The levels of beta-OHB and seizure resistance were greatest for young pups. A surprising finding was that young animals fed a calorie-restricted rodent chow diet exhibited a significantly increased resistance to seizures compared to those fed the same diet, ad libitum. Results presented here demonstrate that the ketogenic diet produces the highest levels of ketonemia and seizure threshold in young animals. Collectively, these data suggest that age and caloric restriction are important considerations for implementing the ketogenic diet.
Obstacle detection technique using multi sensor integration for small unmanned aerial vehicle (2017)

<p class="Abstract">Achieving a robust obstacle detection system for small UAV is very challenging. Due to size and weight constraints, very limited detection sensors can be equipped in the system. Prior works focused on a single sensing device which is either camera or range sensors based. However, these sensors have their own advantages and disadvantages in detecting the appearance of the obstacles. In this paper, combination of both sensors based is proposed for a small UAV obstacle detection system. A small Lidar sensor is used as the initial detector and queue for image capturing by the camera. Next, SURF algorithm is applied to find the obstacle sizes estimation by searching the connecting feature points in the image frame. Finally, safe avoidance path for UAV is determined through the exterior feature points from the estimated width of the obstacle. The proposed method was evaluated by conducting experiments in real time with indoor environment. In the experiment conducted, we successfully detect and determine a safe avoidance path for the UAV on 6 different sizes and textures of the obstacles including textureless obstacles.</p>
Systran: A key to overcoming language barriers in Europe (1983)

Adopte depuis 76 par la commission de la CEE a Luxembourg, ce systeme est en vigueur pour les couples de langue francais-anglais, anglais-francais et anglais-italien. Outre ses programmes d'edition, la commission s'interesse aux besoins des traducteurs-utilisateurs du systeme et a mis au point des procedures techniques (traitement de texte) pour faciliter l'adoption du systeme
New form of X-linked dominant hereditary nephritis in dogs (1999)

This renal disease is an example of X-linked dominant HN, with typical abnormalities of GBM ultrastructure and alpha(IV) chain expression. CLINICAL RELEVANCE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR HUMAN MEDICINE: Dogs with this naturally acquired progressive renal disease can be used to investigate the pathogenesis and treatment of similar disorders in human beings and dogs.
Effects of IFN-γ on intracellular trafficking and activity of macrophage NADPH oxidase flavocytochrome b558 (2012)

Flavocytochrome b(558), the catalytic core of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase (NOX2), mediates electron transfer from NADPH to molecular oxygen to generate superoxide, the precursor of highly ROS for host defense. Flavocytochrome b(558) is an integral membrane heterodimer consisting of a large glycosylated subunit, gp91(phox), and a smaller subunit, p22(phox). We recently showed in murine macrophages that flavocytochrome b(558) localizes to the PM and Rab11-positive recycling endosomes, whereas in primary hMDMs, gp91(phox) and p22(phox) reside in the PM and the ER. The antimicrobial activity of macrophages, including ROS production, is greatly enhanced by IFN-γ, but how this is achieved is incompletely understood. To further define the mechanisms by which IFN-γ enhances macrophage NADPH oxidase activity, we evaluated changes in flavocytochrome b(558) expression and localization, along with NADPH oxidase activity, in IFN-γ stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and primary murine BMDMs and hMDMs. We found that enhanced capacity for ROS production is, in part, a result of increased protein expression of gp91(phox) and p22(phox) but also demonstrate that IFN-γ induced a shift in the predominant localization of gp91(phox) and p22(phox) from intracellular membrane compartments to the PM. Our results are the first to show that a cytokine can change the distribution of macrophage flavocytochrome b(558) and provide a potential, new mechanism by which IFN-γ modulates macrophage antimicrobial activity. Altogether, our data suggest that the mechanisms by which IFN-γ regulates antimicrobial activity of macrophages are more complex than previously appreciated.
A Scheme to Reduce the Number of Parity Check Bits in Orthogonal Latin Square Codes (2017)

The use of error-correcting codes is a common strategy to protect memories from errors. Single-error correction, double-error detection linear block codes have been traditionally utilized. However, there are applications where multiple errors are frequent and more complex codes are needed. Orthogonal Latin square codes are one type of codes with multiple-error-correction capability. They are of interest for memory protection because they can be decoded with low complexity and delay. This paper presents a modification to orthogonal Latin square codes that reduces the number of parity check bits to be stored in memory therefore lowering the memory overhead needed to implement the codes. The proposed codes can also be decoded with low delay and complexity. This paper also presents an evaluation of the encoder and decoder implementations for various word sizes and compares them with the standard orthogonal Latin square implementations. The results show that they are similar in terms of circuit area and introduce only a small penalty in delay.
Low power design of bus communication (2008)

University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. November 2008. Major: Electrical Engineering. Advisor: Gerald E. Sobelman. 1 computer file (PDF); xi, 79 pages.
Potassium channel blockers and the effects of cromakalim on the smooth muscle of the guinea‐pig bladder (1990)

1. The K+ channel blocking drugs tetraethylammonium Cl (TEA), procaine, 4-aminopyridine (4AP) and quinidine all produced concentration-dependent contractions of strips of smooth muscle from the guinea-pig urinary bladder. Apamin and glibenclamide caused little increase in the mechanical activity, and tolbutamide inhibited it. 2. TEA, procaine, 4AP, quinidine and apamin all increased the frequencies of spontaneous action potentials recorded with microelectrodes. TEA, quinidine and procaine all caused prolongation of the falling phase of the spike, and procaine and apamin completely abolished the after-hyperpolarization. 3. TEA and procaine increased K+ efflux from the tissue, an effect blocked by nifedipine. TEA and apamin increased, whereas quinidine, procaine and 4AP decreased K+ uptake. 4. Cromakalim caused a concentration-dependent hyperpolarization of the membrane, abolished spike activity, increased K+ fluxes and relaxed the smooth muscle. The relaxant effect of cromakalim was unaffected by apamin, and in its presence the effects of cromakalim on membrane potential and K+ fluxes were unchanged. Procaine abolished all the effects of cromakalim, and TEA at high concentrations reduced but did not abolish these effects. Quinidine reduced the effects of cromakalim on tension and membrane potential, but its actions were surmounted by higher concentrations of cromakalim. The effects of 4AP on tension and membrane properties were transitory, but it had some effects on the actions of cromakalim. Glibenclamide and tolbutamide reversed the relaxant effects of submaximal cromakalim concentrations, tolbutamide only transiently. 5. It is concluded that the channels opened by cromakalim are not those involved in generating the spike after-hyperpolarization. They have properties similar to the delayed rectifier K+ channels responsible for spike repolarization, and also are similar to the ATP-dependent K channels in vascular smooth muscle.
Laser Paint Stripping (1991)

A study to assess the utility of high powered CO2 pulsed laser depainting methods was conducted on aluminum and graphite epoxy composites. The various tests were designed to detect potential forms of damage or loss of properties of various aircraft structural materials during removal of paint with pulsed laser energy. Tests for changes in physical properties, paint adhesion and corrosion protection of repainted materials showed no detectable adverse changes in any of the samples studied.
A new electrophysiology era (2012)

Catheter ablations are traditionally performed under fluoroscopic guidance. Besides other peri-interventional risks, radiation exposure should be considered for its stochastic and deterministic effects on health. These effects are cumulative and lifelong and raise great concerns especially in the younger population. A document of the American College of Cardiology recommends that all catheterization laboratories adopt the principles of 'ALARA' (radiation doses 'As Low As Reasonably Achievable'), making radiation reduction an ethical issue. In electrophysiology, thanks to the recent development of electroanatomic navigation systems, we are witnessing the birth of a new era in which almost all arrhythmias may be treated without the use of fluoroscopy. In the present review, we start by describing risks to health due to radiation exposure for conventional transcatheter ablations and we continue by reporting the current state of art of the zero fluoroscopy approach.
Responses of rachitic cartilage cells to metabolites of vitamin D (1988)

Responses of cultured cartilage cells to metabolites of vitamin D3 were studied. Cells were obtained from the epiphyseal growth plate of rachitic chicks and were exposed to physiological and pharmacological concentrations of three metabolites of vitamin D3, 25 hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3), 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (24,25(OH)2D3) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3). 1,25(OH)2D3 was found to reduce L-[U-14C]leucine incorporation into proteins and Na2 35SO4 incorporation into proteoglycans. The synthesis of 24,25(OH)2D3 from 25(OH)D3 was stimulated upon addition of 1,25(OH)2D3 to the cultures. Physiological concentrations of 24,25(OH)2D3 stimulated protein and proteoglycan synthesis. These findings support the notion that vitamin D3, through its active dihydroxylated metabolites, is directly involved in cartilage cells metabolism and healing of rickets.
Intron‐exon structure, alternative use of promoter and expression of the mouse collagen X gene,<i>Col10a‐1</i> (1993)

The entire mouse collagen X gene (Col10a-1) has been isolated. The gene is composed of three exons and two introns spanning 7.0 kb of the DNA sequence. Exons 2 and 3 together encode 15-bp of 5' untranslated sequence, a 2040-bp open reading frame and an 895-nucleotide 3' non-coding region. In the 5' flanking region of the gene, two consensus TATA-box sequences were found. Identification of the first exon by ribonuclease-protection assays and the determination of the 5' end of Col10a-1 mRNA transcripts by primer-extension analyses show that the more 3' TATA box is probably predominantly used and that there are at least three transcription start sites in the exon 1 sequence 3' to this, resulting in 5' untranslated regions of 78, 77 and 55 nucleotides. By means of rapid amplification of cDNA ends by polymerase chain reaction, an additional mRNA species was detected which overlapped the other Col10a-1 transcripts, including the 3' TATA box sequence, giving a 5' untranslated sequence of approximately 235 bases. This latter transcript starts approximately 20 bp 3' to the more 5' TATA box. The data suggest alternative use of promoters and transcription starts for the Col10a-1 gene. Comparison of the combined nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of exons 2 and 3 with chicken, bovine and human collagen X genes, showed a high degree of similarity indicating conservation of this gene throughout evolution. Mouse Col10a-1 mRNA was shown to be approximately 3.0 kb and the pepsinized protein, as detected by SDS/PAGE, was approximately 45 kDa. The mRNA and protein sizes correlate with that predicted by the open reading frame. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assays indicate that the mouse collagen X gene is first expressed at 13.5 days post coitum, temporally preceding the onset of endochondral ossification. In agreement with the generally accepted association of type-X collagen with endochondral ossification, in situ hybridization analyses indicate that Col10a-1 mRNA are restricted to the hypertrophic regions of growth cartilage.
The Epidemiology of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome in the 2003 Hong Kong Epidemic: An Analysis of All 1755 Patients (2004)

This analysis of the complete data on the 2003 SARS epidemic in Hong Kong has revealed key epidemiologic features of the epidemic as it evolved.
Modification of the 5' position of purine nucleosides. 1. Synthesis and biological properties of alkyl adenosine-5'-carboxylates (1976)

A series of esters of adenosine-5'-carboxylic acid has been prepared. Most of the compounds were nontoxic, causing prolonged increases in coronary sinus PO2 when administered to anesthetized dogs; the ethyl ester was most active. Nitrosation and oxidation of the ethyl ester 12 gave respectively inactive inosine ethyl ester 30 and the fairly active N1-oxide ethyl ester 29.
Functional Model Exploration for Multimedia Applications via Algebraic Operators (2006)

An optimized functional design space exploration method for multimedia applications is proposed. The basis of the method is a way of representing the dependency and the concurrency of an application in a compact form exploiting algebraic operators and expressions. The optimized design process consists of mapping one of the possible expressions in the application space onto a concurrent architecture. We use the Metropolis design framework to demonstrate the effectiveness of the procedure using an FPGA architecture as the target implementation platform. The advantage of using this platform is the availability of models that approximate well the performance of the final implementation when performing the mapping from function to architecture thus yielding a robust design methodology.
Remote rendezvous (1987)

Abstract BNR Pascal is a systems programming language intended for the implementation of the systems software of distributed computing systems. It supports the Ada Rendezvous model of tasking and communication, uniformly extended to support communications between tasks distributed over the computing nodes of a system. BNR Pascal was designed and implemented in 1980, and has since been used to implement the operating systems and real‐time applications software for Northern Telecom's Meridian family of products. In total, more than 2 million lines of BNR Pascal exist. This paper describes the BNR Pascal remote rendezvous: the extension of rendezvous to interprocessor communication. It discusses the implementation of remote rendezvous, describing the advantages and disadvantages of several options. Finally, it details BNR's experience in using remote rendezvous in building substantial, practical distributed systems used in products.