gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>In vivo</i> cryoablation of prostate tissue with temperature monitoring by optoacoustic imaging (2016)

Cryoablation of prostate cancer is an FDA approved clinical procedure, which involves repetitive rapid cooling of a lesion to lethal temperatures of -40°C and below. The major drawback of the technique is the insufficient control over the fast thermal processes that may result in severe complications (impotence, incontinence, perforation of the rectal wall) and morbidity. The developed optoacoustic imaging technique provides non-invasive real-time temperature mapping of tissue adjacent to prostate and enables more efficient control over the procedure, which is necessary to reduce side effects and accelerate the physician’s learning curve. In these studies we successfully demonstrated real-time transrectal optoacoustic imaging during prostate cryoablation in live canine model focused on optoacoustic thermography of the rectal wall within the depth of 1cm. Our method utilized previously discovered universal thermal dependence of the normalized optoacoustic response of blood. Nanosecond-pulse radiation of Ti-Sapphire laser tuned to the isosbestic point of hemoglobin (802±3 nm) was delivered via fiberoptic illuminators assembled on both sides of the linear array of the 128-channel transrectal ultrasound probe. Temperature readouts at discrete locations inside and nearby prostate were also performed using standard transperineal needle sensors. The effect of homeostasis on optoacoustic imaging in live tissue was examined during cooling and shown to be significant only within the range of ±1.5°C in respect to the body temperature. Accuracy of in vivo optoacoustic temperature measurements was determined as ±2°C for the range of temperature from +35 to -15°C, which is more than sufficient for tracking the essential isotherms in the course of clinical procedures.
<title>Automated objective minimum resolvable temperature difference</title> (2000)

The Automated Objective Minimum Resolvable Temperature Difference (AO-MRTD) is an approach to provide an automated and objective measure of a thermal imager's performance. The algorithm is intended to provide a more accurate, reliable and cost effective figure of merit than traditional subjective MRTD measurements. MRTD values are calculated using signal-to-noise ratios obtained by match filtering digitized images of low contrast four bar patterns. Match filters are constructed from a high contrast image of the four bar patterns and the algorithm can assess sensor performance beyond Nyquist (similar to the minimum temperature difference perceived figure of merit). The MRTD values derived by the algorithm do not represent the minimum temperature differences perceived by human observers; however, simple modifications to the threshold signal-to- noise ratio result in human-like MRTD values. The algorithm has the flexibility to construct multiple types of match filters derived from a single high contrast image. Currently, the algorithm derives separate MRTD values for match filters corresponding to the bar pattern and it's derivative. Preliminary results suggest that a combination of the two match filters may yield a match to the human subjective MRTD results. The basic construction and operation of the algorithm is outlined.
Sintered Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/-SiC-whisker composites (1987)

Pressureless sintering of Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/-SiC-whisker composites is a viable method of fabrication. Densification of pressed powder-whisker compacts is inhibited by the SiC whiskers because rearrangement of the whiskers during shrinkage is difficult. To promote sintering, a number of techniques were effective, such as lowering the whisker aspect ratio, adjusting the Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ particle size to optimize green density and use of a liquid phase sintering aid (e.g., Y/sub 2/O/sub 3/ and MgO). At the present time, Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/-SiC-whisker composites with loadings less than or equal to10 vol% whiskers can be successfully sintered to greater than or equal to 95% of theoretical density and hot isostatically pressed without encapsulation to >98% of theoretical density. With whisker contents >10 vol%, densification is severely inhibited and sintered materials without closed porosity are obtained.
Radio Equipment Directive - A Novel Software Reconfiguration Framework (2017)

The European Commission recently published the revision of the novel Radio Equipment Directive 2014/53/EU replacing the R&TTE Directive which has been in force since 1999. This Directive represents the basic regulation framework for the making available of radio equipment on the Single European Market. Among several changes, the new RED includes specific provisions enabling the usage Software Reconfiguration for Radio Equipment in Europe. At the same time, ETSI has developed a novel Software Radio Reconfiguration framework specifically meeting the requirements of the Directive and encompassing technical, certification and security solutions. This paper introduces and comments the related changes on the regulation level and introduces the ETSI solution which is ready to be applied for new type of radio equipment to be introduced in Europe.
Development of a video-based slurry sensor for on-line ash analysis. Fourth quarter technical progress report, July 1--September 30, 1995 (1995)

Automatic control of fine coal cleaning circuits has traditionally been limited by the lack of sensors for on-line ash analysis. Although several nuclear-based analyzers are available, none have seen widespread acceptance. This is largely due to the fact that nuclear sensors are expensive and tend to be influenced by changes in seam type and pyrite content. Recently, researchers at VPI and SU have developed an optical sensor for phosphate analysis. The sensor uses image processing technology to analyze video images of phosphate ore. It is currently being used by Texasgulf for off-line analysis of dry flotation concentrates. The primary advantages of optical sensors over nuclear sensors are that they are significantly cheaper, are not subject to measurement variations due to changes in high atomic number minerals, are inherently safer and require no special radiation permitting. The purpose of this work is to apply the knowledge gained in the development of an optical phosphate analyzer to the development of an on-line ash analyzer for fine coal slurries. During the past quarter, a study was conducted to determine if monochromatic illumination could be used as a means of enhancing the differences observed between coal and mineral matter under reflected light. After extensive testing, monochromatic illumination was found to provide no advantages over white light. In fact, white light appeared to provide slightly better resolution of ash content. Initial testing of the sample presentation system at the plant site indicated that froth formation in the sample tube was indeed a problem as predicted by Pittston representatives. A slight modification in the design of the tube and a modification in the time required to bring the slurry level into the focal plane of the camera were found to eliminate the frothing problem.
High dynamic range display system (2004)

The High Dynamic Range display uses active light emitting diodes behind a high-resolution color liquid crystal display to provide luminance levels ranging from 4,000 cd/m2 to less than 0.05 cd/m2. These benefits are achieved at no cost to the performance of a conventional LCD which is used as an integral part of High Dynamic Range display.
Efficient symmetric and inverse-consistent deformable registration through interleaved optimization (2011)

Symmetry and inverse consistency are two important features for deformable image registration in medical imaging analysis. This work presents a novel registration method computing symmetric and inverse-consistent image alignment efficiently while preserving high accuracy and consistency of the mapping. This is achieved by optimizing a symmetric energy functional estimating forward and backward transformations constrained by the transformations being inverse to each other. In other words, this approach uses an interleaved optimization scheme borrowed from multiobjective optimization theory constrained by an inverse-consistency criterium. The new optimization scheme provides an efficient search in the space of diffeomorphisms while solving the symmetric registration problem. Moreover, it is not bound to any specific optimizer or energy functional other than to the requirement of being well-defined. In our experiments on clinical cardiac data, superior performance compared to standard, one-directional registration is achieved. The resulting inverse-consistency and symmetry errors match previously reported values while being computed more efficiently. This general approach addresses a clinical need for consistent, highly accurate image alignment achieved in a practically accepted time-frame.
Acoustic Model Adaptation Based on Pronunciation Variability Analysis for Non-Native Speech Recognition (2006)

In this paper, we investigate the pronunciation variability between native and non-native speakers and propose an acoustic model adaptation method based on the variability analysis in order to improve the performance of a non-native speech recognition system. The proposed acoustic model adaptation is performed in two steps. First, we construct baseline acoustic models from native speech, and perform phone recognition by using the baseline acoustic models to identify most informative variant phonetic units from native to non-native. Next, the acoustic model corresponding to each informative variant phonetic unit is adapted so that the state tying of the acoustic model for non-native speech reflects such a phonetic variability. For further improvement, the traditional acoustic model adaptation such as MLLR or MAP could be applied on the system that is adapted with the proposed method. In this work, we select English as a target language and non-native speakers are all Korean. It is shown from the continuous Korean-English speech recognition experiments that the proposed method can achieve the average word error rate reduction by 12.75% when compared with the speech recognition system with the baseline acoustic models trained by native speech. Moreover, the reduction of 57.12% in the average word error rate is obtained by applying MLLR or MAP adaptation to the adapted acoustic models by the proposed method.
Image-Processing Techniques Used In The Computer-Aided Detection Of Radiographic Lesions In Anatomic Background (1988)

We are develo1pipg feature-extraction techniques for use in the computer-aided detection of pulmonary nodules in digital chest images. Use of such a computer-aided detection scheme, which would alert radiologists to the locations of suspected lung nodules, is expected to reduce the number of false-negative dieggoses. False-negative diagnoses (i.e., misses) are a current problem in chest radiology with miss-rates as high as 30%. This may be due to the camouflaging effect of surrounding anatomic background on the nodule, or to the subjective and varying decision criteria used by radiologists.
New daunorubicin analogs. 3-Amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-.ALPHA.- and .BETA.-D-arabino- and 3,6-diamino-2,3,6-trideoxy-.ALPHA.-D-ribo-hexopyranosides of daunomycinone. (1979)

Glycosidation of 2,3,6-trideoxy-3-trifluoroacetamido-4-O-trifluoroacetyl-alpha-D-arabino-hexopyranosyl chloride (19) (or the corresponding 4-p-nitrobenzoate, 20) with daunomycinone under Koenigs-Knorr conditions afforded, after separation of the anomers and removal of the protecting groups, the individual target glycosides 8 (alpha anomer; major product) and 9 (beta; minor) in acceptable yields. In contrast, the title diamino sugar, suitably protected with N-trifluoroacetyl and O-acetyl (or O-p-nitrobenzoyl) groups, underwent stereospecific coupling to the anthracycline aglycon by the glycal procedure to give, after deprotection, the alpha glycoside 12. All three analogs were assayed in vivo against P388 lymphocytic leukemia. They showed little (T/C 125 for 8; T/C 115 for 9) or no (compound 12) activity, but were essentially devoid of toxicity at the dose-levels tested.
Percutaneous Subxiphoid Access to the Epicardium Using a Miniature Crawling Robotic Device (2006)

: The current HeartLander prototype demonstrated safe and successful locomotion on a beating porcine heart through a closed-chest subxiphoid approach.
An Improved Atmospheric Phase Compensation Approach to Ground-based SAR Interferometry for Landslide Monitoring (2019)

Ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GB-SAR) interferometry is an increasingly popular terrestrial remote sensing technique for landslide monitoring. However, in actual application, the atmospheric phase screen (APS) seriously affects the accuracy of GB-SAR interferometry. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate the APS accurately. This paper develops an improved APS compensation method based on a 2D-polynomial regression model (2D-PRM) with a two-step estimation process using GB-SAR measurements. In this paper, permanent scatterer (PS) points which are selected by a joint method using amplitude, amplitude deviation and correlation coefficient are used to roughly estimate the model parameters. Then, by imposing the condition of the standard deviation of the fitting error, the outliers whose values enormously affect the estimation of parameters are filtered out of the estimation process. A more efficient estimation of the APS is finally achieved by using the remaining pixels based on 2D-PRM. At last, a landslide monitoring experiment is carried out to verify the performance of the proposed method.
DNA Methylation Profiling Identifies Global Methylation Differences and Markers of Adrenocortical Tumors (2012)

Malignant adrenocortical tumors are globally hypomethylated as compared with normal and benign tumors. Methylation profile differences may accurately distinguish between primary benign and malignant adrenocortical tumors. Several differentially methylated sites are associated with genes known to be dysregulated in malignant adrenocortical tumors.
Silylated Mesoporous Silica Membranes on Polymeric Hollow Fiber Supports: Synthesis and Permeation Properties (2014)

We report the synthesis and organic/water separation properties of mesoporous silica membranes, supported on low-cost and scalable polymeric (polyamide-imide) hollow fibers, and modified by trimethylsilylation with hexamethyldisilazane. Thin (∼1 μm) defect-free membranes are prepared, with high room-temperature gas permeances (e.g., 20,000 GPU for N2). The membrane morphology is characterized by multiple techniques, including SEM, TEM, XRD, and FT-ATR spectroscopy. Silylation leads to capping of the surface silanol groups in the mesopores with trimethylsilyl groups, and does not affect the integrity of the mesoporous silica structure and the underlying hollow fiber. The silylated membranes are evaluated for pervaporative separation of ethanol (EtOH), methylethyl ketone (MEK), ethyl acetate (EA), iso-butanol (i-BuOH), and n-butanol (n-BuOH) from their dilute (5 wt %) aqueous solutions. The membranes show separation factors in the range of 4-90 and high organic fluxes in the range of 0.18-2.15 kg m(-2) h(-1) at 303 K. The intrinsic selectivities (organic/water permeability ratios) of the silylated membranes at 303 K are 0.33 (EtOH/water), 0.5 (MEK/water), 0.25 (EA/water), 1.25 (i-BuOH/water), and 1.67 (n-BuOH/water) respectively, in comparison to 0.05, 0.015, 0.005, 0.08, and 0.14 for the unmodified membranes. The silylated membranes allow upgradation of water/organics feeds to permeate streams with considerably higher organics content. The selective and high-flux separation is attributed to both the organophilic nature of the modified mesopores and the large effective pore size. Comparison with other organics/water separation membranes reveals that the present membranes show promise due to high flux, use of scalable and low-cost supports, and good separation factors that can be further enhanced by tailoring the mesopore silylation chemistry.
Simultaneous radioassay of serum vitamin B12 and folic acid. (1977)

The radioassays of vitamin B12 and folic acid can be carried out in a single tube to give the simultaneous assay of both vitamins in 100 microliter of serum. Release of bound vitamins from their endogenous binders and the destruction of these binders are effected by a heating step at pH 9.3. The subsequent binding reactions with hog intrinsic factor and milk binder protein proceed advantageously and simultaneously in the same tube at pH 9.3. A single set of dual reagents replaces two sets of reagents that would normally be used for separate radioassays. Complete separation of bound radioactivities, [57Co]cyanocobalamin and 125I-labeled folate derivative, is obtained in a dual-channel gamma counter with no requirement for any correction for spill-over of counting data. Analytical results are comparable to those found for previously developed individual radioassays. The simultaneous assay has decreased technical time of analysis for these interrelated vitamins by about 50%.
Nb/sub 3/(Al,Ge) multifilamentary wires made by the rapidly-heating/quenching process (2001)

Nb/sub 3/(Al,Ge) wires, made through the rapid-heating/quenching process, are very promising for the applications in high fields. The precursor wires were fabricated by a rod-in-tube method, and several kinds of Al-Ge alloys (Al-2at%, 5at%, 10at% and 20at%Ge) were used for the core materials. In the case of Al-20at%Ge alloy core, the disordered A15 phases formed directly with the rapid-heating/quenching. It is necessary for the as-quenched wires to be additionally annealed in order to improve the superconducting properties through the recovery of the long-range order of A15 crystal structure. The best values of T/sub c/ and H/sub c2/ (4.2 K) for the Nb/sub 3/(Al,Ge) wires were 19.4 K and 39 T, respectively. Furthermore, J/sub c/ apparently increased with decreasing the Al-Ge alloy core size in the precursor wires. J/sub c/ (4.2 K, 25 T) of 0.3 /spl mu/m-core Nb/sub 3/(Al,Ge) wire exceeds 150 A/mm/sup 2/, which was about two times larger than that of 1.5 /spl mu/m-core Nb/sub 3/(Al,Ge) wire. The results of TEM observation revealed that the reduction of Al-Ge alloy diameter enhanced the volume fraction of the A15-Nb/sub 3/(Al,Ge) phases through increasing of diffusion pairs density in the composite. The diameter of A15 crystal grains is about 100 nm, and scarcely dependent on the Al-Ge alloy core size.
Role of the <i>lipB</i> gene product in the folding of the secreted lipase of <i>Pseudomonas glumae</i> (1993)

The LipB protein of Pseudomonas glumae is essential for the production of active extracellular lipase encoded by the lipA gene. When lipase is overproduced in P. glumae in the absence of a functional lipB gene, the enzyme accumulates intracellularly in an inactive conformation. Heterologous expression of the lipase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli indicated that LipB is not directly involved in the translocation of the lipase across the inner or outer membrane. However, the presence of LipB was essential for obtaining active lipase and had a profound influence on the stability of the protein to proteolytic degradation. Inactive lipase, produced in the absence of LipB could be activated in vitro by unfolding and refolding, which demonstrates that LipB activity is not responsible for an essential covalent modification of the enzyme. We propose that LipB is a lipase-specific foldase. Furthermore, proper folding of the lipase in the periplasm appears to be essential for Xcp-mediated translocation across the outer membrane.
Regulation of the Osmotin Gene Promoter. (1992)

By introducing a chimeric gene fusion of the osmotin promoter and [beta]-glucuronidase into tobacco by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, we have demonstrated a very specific pattern of temporal and spatial regulation of the osmotin promoter during normal plant development and after adaptation to NaCl. We have found that the osmotin promoter has a very high natural level of activity in mature pollen grains during anther dehiscence and in pericarp tissue at the final, desiccating stages of fruit development. GUS activity was rapidly lost after pollen germination. The osmotin promoter thus appears to be unique among active pollen promoters described to date in that it is active only in dehydrated pollen. The osmotin promoter was also active in corolla tissue at the onset of senescence. Adaptation of plants to NaCl highly stimulated osmotin promoter activity in epidermal and cortex parenchyma cells in the root elongation zone; in epidermis and xylem parenchyma cells in stem internodes; and in epidermis, mesophyll, and xylem parenchyma cells in developed leaves. The spatial and temporal expression pattern of the osmotin gene appears consistent with both osmotic and pathogen defense functions of the gene.
A Novel and Simple Single-Phase Modulator for the Nested Neutral-Point Clamped (NNPC) Converter (2014)

The nested neutral-point clamped (NNPC) converter is a four-level converter topology for medium-voltage applications with interesting properties such as operating over a wide range of voltages (2.4-7.2 KV) without the need for connecting the power semiconductor in series, high quality output voltage, and less number of components in compare to other classical four-level topologies. The control and balance of the flying capacitors (FCs) of the NNPC converter can be done by different control techniques taking advantage of the large number of redundant switching states. This paper presents a simple single-phase modulator for the NNPC converter, which can be applied to each phase of a three-phase NNPC converter. The proposed simple technique can control and balance the FCs to their desired values. Performance of the proposed technique under different operating conditions is investigated in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. The feasibility of the proposed converter is evaluated experimentally.
Absence of Kaposi's-sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-like DNA sequences (KSHV) in angiosarcomas developing in body-activated and other sites (1996)

Absence of Kaposi's-sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-like body-cavity and other sites
Microwave true time-delay modulator using fibre-optic dispersion (1992)

A new method for providing a continuously variable, true time delay for radio frequency (RF), microwave, and millimetre wave signals using fibre optics is proposed and demonstrated. Variation in time delay up to 1.7 ns and millisecond-order modulation speeds are demonstrated for signals to 20 GHz.
Abstract 19524: Time Series Feature Extraction and Machine Learning for Prediction of In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (2014)

Introduction: Electrocardiogram (ECG) predictors prior to in-hospital cardiac arrest (I-HCA) have not been fully investigated. ECG from telemetry may provide information about diagnostic clues prior to I-HCA. Machine learning algorithms can be used for integration of information from several ECG features in order to build predictive models for clinical decision-support. Hypothesis: Machine learning (ML) can be used to develop a model to predict I-HCA. Methods: In a multi-center study, full-disclosure ECG papers (25 mm/s paper speed) from telemetry were obtained for two minutes prior to I-HCA and three other same-duration segments within one hour of I-HCA. Signal segments were also obtained for two minutes within each of the seven hours prior to I-HCA. The full-disclosure ECG was digitized using the connected-component method for lead II and R detection was performed by HAT algorithm. Multiple computational features were extracted including heart rate, QRS duration and morphology, and ST-segment changes. A...
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Vapor Deposition of Aluminum Enhanced by Magnetron‐Plasma. (1988)

Abstract Al films are deposited on Si wafers at low temp. (50‐100 °C) using Al 2 Me 6 as Al source in a magnetron‐plasma CVD system in which the plasma chemical reaction is locally confined by the magnetic field.