gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the suitability of Bluetooth 5 for the Internet of Things: Performance and scalability analysis (2017)

The challenges related to the large-scale deployment of the Internet of Things to enable a wide range of application use cases have received significant attention. A number of communication technologies have been and are still developed ranging from evolved existing technologies such as 4G, WiFi or WPAN technologies to the much hyped 5G networks. Against the background of the on-going discussion on the most suitable technologies the Bluetooth Special Interest Group has proposed the next generation Bluetooth 5 specification and claims to be ready for the Internet of Things as well: mainly by increasing the maximum communication range and adapting the corresponding data rates. In this context, this paper evaluates the suitability of Bluetooth 5 for realistic application activity levels and interference scenarios, based on analytical models and validated by frequency hopping algorithm simulations. The performance results demonstrate that Bluetooth 5 is a valid technology candidate for implementation of Internet of Things applications, provided that activity level, expected coverage areas and the interference situation within the ISM band are carefully considered in the deployment process.
Feedback inhibition of Ca <sup>2+</sup> channels by Ca <sup>2+</sup> depends on a short sequence of the C terminus that does not include the Ca <sup>2+</sup> -binding function of a motif with similarity to Ca <sup>2+</sup> -binding domains (1997)

alpha(1C)- and alpha(1E)-based Ca2+ channels differ in that the former are inhibited by Ca2+ entering through its pore, while the latter are not. It has been proposed on the basis of analysis of alpha(1E)/alpha(1C) chimeras that the molecular determinants responsible for Ca2+ inhibition involve both a conserved Ca2+-binding motif (EF hand) plus additional sequences located C-terminal to the EF hand. Through construction of similar alpha(1E)/alpha(1C) chimeras, we transferred Ca2+ inhibition from alpha(1C) to alpha(1E) by replacing a 134-aa segment of alpha(1E) with the homologous 142-aa segment of alpha(1C). This segment is located immediately after the proposed Ca2+ -binding EF hand motif. Replacement of the alpha(1C) EF hand with the corresponding EF hand of alpha(1E) did not interfere with inhibition of alpha(1C) by Ca2+, and a triple mutant of alpha(1C), alpha(1C)[D1535A,E1537A,D1546A], that disrupts the potential Ca2+-coordinating ability of the EF hand continued to be inhibited by Ca2+. These results indicate that a small portion of the alpha(1C) C terminus is essential for inhibition by Ca2+ and place the Ca2+ -binding site anywhere in alpha(1C), with the exception of its EF hand-like motif.
Synthesis of High-Quality Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes on Bulk Copper Substrate for Thermal Management (2009)

Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs) grown on bulk copper substrate are of great importance for real-life commercial applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as thermal interface materials in microelectronic packaging. However, their reproducible syntheses have been a great challenge so far. In this study, by introducing a well-controlled conformal Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> support layer on the bulk copper substrate by atomic layer deposition, we reproducibly synthesized VACNTs of good alignment and high quality on the copper substrate. The alignment and the quality were characterized by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and Raman spectroscopy. The key roles of the conformal Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> support layer by atomic layer deposition are discussed. This progress may provide a real-life VACNT application for thermal management.
Identification of the Maize Gravitropism Gene lazy plant1 by a Transposon-Tagging Genome Resequencing Strategy (2014)

Since their initial discovery, transposons have been widely used as mutagens for forward and reverse genetic screens in a range of organisms. The problems of high copy number and sequence divergence among related transposons have often limited the efficiency at which tagged genes can be identified. A method was developed to identity the locations of Mutator (Mu) transposons in the Zea mays genome using a simple enrichment method combined with genome resequencing to identify transposon junction fragments. The sequencing library was prepared from genomic DNA by digesting with a restriction enzyme that cuts within a perfectly conserved motif of the Mu terminal inverted repeats (TIR). Paired-end reads containing Mu TIR sequences were computationally identified and chromosomal sequences flanking the transposon were mapped to the maize reference genome. This method has been used to identify Mu insertions in a number of alleles and to isolate the previously unidentified lazy plant1 (la1) gene. The la1 gene is required for the negatively gravitropic response of shoots and mutant plants lack the ability to sense gravity. Using bioinformatic and fluorescence microscopy approaches, we show that the la1 gene encodes a cell membrane and nuclear localized protein. Our Mu-Taq method is readily adaptable to identify the genomic locations of any insertion of a known sequence in any organism using any sequencing platform.
Collaborative Quantization for Cross-Modal Similarity Search (2019)

Cross-modal similarity search is a problem about designing a search system supporting querying across content modalities, e.g., using an image to search for texts or using a text to search for images. This paper presents a compact coding solution for efficient search, with a focus on the quantization approach which has already shown the superior performance over the hashing solutions in the single-modal similarity search. We propose a cross-modal quantization approach, which is among the early attempts to introduce quantization into cross-modal search. The major contribution lies in jointly learning the quantizers for both modalities through aligning the quantized representations for each pair of image and text belonging to a document. In addition, our approach simultaneously learns the common space for both modalities in which quantization is conducted to enable efficient and effective search using the Euclidean distance computed in the common space with fast distance table lookup. Experimental results compared with several competitive algorithms over three benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves the state-of-the-art performance.
GAN Prior Embedded Network for Blind Face Restoration in the Wild (2021)

Blind face restoration (BFR) from severely degraded face images in the wild is a very challenging problem. Due to the high illness of the problem and the complex unknown degradation, directly training a deep neural network (DNN) usually cannot lead to acceptable results. Existing generative adversarial network (GAN) based methods can produce better results but tend to generate over-smoothed restorations. In this work, we propose a new method by first learning a GAN for high-quality face image generation and embedding it into a U-shaped DNN as a prior decoder, then fine-tuning the GAN prior embedded DNN with a set of synthesized low-quality face images. The GAN blocks are designed to ensure that the latent code and noise input to the GAN can be respectively generated from the deep and shallow features of the DNN, controlling the global face structure, local face details and background of the reconstructed image. The proposed GAN prior embedded network (GPEN) is easy-to-implement, and it can generate visually photo-realistic results. Our experiments demonstrated that the proposed GPEN achieves significantly superior results to state-of-the-art BFR methods both quantitatively and qualitatively, especially for the restoration of severely degraded face images in the wild. The source code and models can be found at https://github.com/yangxy/GPEN.
High quality transparent TiO2/Ag/TiO2 composite electrode films deposited on flexible substrate at room temperature by sputtering (2013)

Multilayer structures of TiO2/Ag/TiO2 have been deposited onto flexible substrates by room temperature sputtering to develop indium-free transparent composite electrodes. The effect of Ag thicknesses on optical and electrical properties and the mechanism of conduction have been discussed. The critical thickness (tc) of Ag mid-layer to form a continuous conducting layer is 9.5 nm and the multilayer has been optimized to obtain a sheet resistance of 5.7 Ω/sq and an average optical transmittance of 90% at 590 nm. The Haacke figure of merit (FOM) for tc has one of the highest FOMs with 61.4 × 10−3 Ω−1/sq.
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Management: 2000–2005 Update (2005)

Treatment of chronic HCV infection has improved, with overall response rates of approximately 55%. Identification and management of common adverse effects is important in maximizing adherence and response to therapy. Studies are needed to further delineate the optimum treatment of chronic HCV infection in specific patient populations.
Transcutaneous Blood Flow Measurement by Electromagnetic Induction (1974)

A new induction flowmeter which can measure the blood flow from the skin surface is discussed theoretically and experimentally. A pair of electrodes placed on the skin detect the EMF induced by the interaction of the blood flow and a magnetic field applied from outside the skin. The relation between the EMF and the flow rate, which is obtained theoretically, is also confirmed experimentally within the error of 10 percent.
Identification and prediction of the fertile window with a new web-based medical device using a vaginal biosensor for measuring the circadian and circamensual core body temperature (2017)

Fertility awareness-based (FAB) methods represent a term that includes all family planning methods that are based on the identification of the fertile window. They are based on the woman's observation of physiological signs of the fertile and infertile phases of the menstrual cycle. The first approach consists basically in symptothermal methods accompanied by cervical mucus measurements and clinical menstrual cycling data recording. The second most often used methods are the urinary measurement of E3G and luteinizing hormone (LH) with a personalized computer system. Hence these systems lack the efficacy of the continuous circadian and circamensual measurement of the core body temperature. Only this approach enables the accurate detection of the ovulation during the fertile window. A new medical device called OvulaRing has been developed to fill this gap. In the present study, the system and its first clinical results are presented. OvulaRing is a medical device used just like a tampon. The device is a vaginal ring of evatane that contains an integrated biosensor. This sensor measures continuously every 5 min the core body temperature throughout the entire cycle. This device allows a circadian and circamensual intravaginal exact measurement. With this system, 288 measurements are created per day. The system can detect retrospectively and predict prospectively the fertile window of the users. One hundred and fifty eight women aged between 18 and 45 years used this medical device in an open non-randomized clinical study for 15 months. A total of 470 cycles could be recorded and were able for analysis. By the same time in a subgroup of patients, hormonal assessments of LH, follicle-stimulating hormone, estradiol and progesterone as well as vaginal ultrasound were performed in parallel between the 9th and the 36th day of the cycle. The validation error due to software errors was 0.89% for the retrospective analysis; that means that the accuracy for the detection of the ovulation was 99.11%. Accuracy of 88.8% for a window of 3 days before ovulation, the day of ovulation and the 3 days after ovulation was achieved for the prospective analysis. In the subgroup of woman with recorded pregnancies, it could be shown that after 3.79 months of use (median) pregnancies were observed. In 67.72% in up to 3 months, in 16.36% between 3 and 6 months of use, in 7.27% between 7 and 9 months, in 5.45% between 10 and 12 months and in 1.82% between 13 and 15 months of use of the system. With this new web-based system, a precise determination of the fertile window even in women with ultralong cycles (>35 days) could be detected independently of their personal live circumstances. Exact determination of the fertile window is herewith possible so that OvulaRing represents an evolution in the FAB method for the cycle diagnosis of women with regular, irregular or anovulatory menstrual cycles.
Towards partially evaluating reflection in Java (1999)

Reflection plays a major role in the programming of generic applications. However, it introduces an interpretation layer which is detrimental to performance. A solution consists of relying on partial evaluation to remove this interpretation layer. This paper deals with improving a standard partial evaluator in order to handle the Java reflection API. The improvements basically consist of taking type information into account when distinguishing between static and dynamic data, as well as introducing two new specialization actions: reflection actions. Benchmarks using the serialization framework show the benefits of the approach.
Adaptive frequency sampling filters (1981)

We present two new structures for adaptive filters based on the idea of frequency sampling filters and gradient based estimation algorithms. These filters have a finite impulse response (FIR) and can be thought of as attempting to approximate a desired frequency response at given points on the unit circle. The filters operate in real time with no batch processing of signals as is the case when using the discrete Fourier transform. They result in a marked reduction in dimension of the timedomain problem of fitting an Nth-order FIR transversal filter to a collection of length 2 transversal filters and further to a collection of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</tex> scalar filters. The advantages of this are then discussed.
An Overview of Oral Findings in Cerebral Palsy Patients (2014)

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a well known group of disorders of movement, muscle tone, or other features that reflect abnormal control over motor function by the central nervous system. The oral findings in these groups of patients are important to know in order to allow efficient dental management of such patients. The article presents a review of oral findings in such patients and the specific dental features encountered.
Enhanced Oleic Acid Content in the Soybean Mutant M23 Is Associated with the Deletion in the <i>Fad2‐1a</i> Gene Encoding a Fatty Acid Desaturase (2007)

Abstract Oleic acid is one of the three major unsaturated fatty acids in soybean oil. Expression of the embryo‐specific Fad2‐1 gene correlates with fatty acid biosynthesis and oil deposition in developing seeds. Elevated levels of oleate in the X‐ray‐induced mutant line M23 have been shown to be associated with the deletion of a Fad2‐1 gene. In soybean, two homologs of the Fad2‐1 gene, termed Fad2‐1a (L43920) and Fad2‐1b (AY611472), presumably encode functional embryo‐specific fatty acid desaturase. The objectives of this investigation were to determine which copy of the Fad2‐1 gene is associated with the increased oleate content in the mutant line and what is the relative transcript abundance of these two embryo‐specific genes. PCR and DNA blot analyses showed that increased oleate content in M23 mutant was associated with the deletion of Fad2‐1a . These results were further validated using five independent soybean populations developed by crossing mid‐oleate and normal‐oleate parents. Investigation of the soybean expressed sequence tag database and reverse transcription PCR analyses revealed that Fad2‐1b is the predominantly transcribed copy of the Fad2‐1 gene. We hypothesize that null mutation in Fad2‐1b in the fad2‐1a mutant background should further elevate the oleic contents of soybean oil.
Development of a New Hair Color Simulating Apparatus (2003)

ヘアカラーの品質において最も重要な要素となるのは染め上がりの色である。一般にヘアカラーを選択する場合, 想定される染め上がりの色を基準とするが, 個々人の髪色はさまざまであるため, 選択したヘアカラーを使用しても想定した染め上がりの色と実際の仕上がり色との間にずれが生じることがある。このため, 予めヘアカラーを選択する際に染毛後の状態を正確に把握することは必要である。本研究ではヘアカラーによる毛髪の染め上がり色を予測する理論を構築するとともに, 予測する機器の開発を行った。まず染毛された毛髪を中心から, メラニン含有層, ブリーチ層, 染着層の独立した三層で構成されていると仮定し, 染色のモデル化を行い, ブリーチ層, 染着層の応答が一次線形であることを導いた。次に染毛前の毛髪をメラニンが均一に分布した状態と仮定すると, メラニン含有層は染毛前の状態とみなすことができるため, 染毛前の毛髪色からブリーチ層, 染着層の各応答式を組み合わせた予測式を用いることで, 染毛後の毛髪色が予測できることを導いた。新たに設計した毛髪測色計を用い, 染毛処理前後の毛束を測色することによって算出した予測式は, 被験者にて確認した結果, 非常に有用であることが認められた。
Experimental research on a hot swappable bus system (1997)

For industrial controllers, hot swap capability is needed to increase system availability, as well as supplying many slots. Based on a PCI bus, we developed a new system bus where we can utilize commercially available chips for expansion modules. We use the MOS transfer logic switch near the system bus to reduce the stub length. We report the calculated and experimental results on the performance of this system bus.
2D Species Concentration Mapping of Thermal AP-CVD Reactors for Monitoring, Control and Design (2009)

This paper describes progress towards the two-dimensional mapping of chemical species in an atmospheric pressure chemical vapour deposition (AP-CVD) reactor during the deposition process. The approach uses tunable infrared laser absorption spectroscopy to measure line-of-sight optical absorbance data for specific chemical species. 2D distributions can then be obtained by tomographic inversion techniques. The developed techniques will have advantages for monitoring, control and design of reactors.
Optimized <i>In Vitro</i> Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing Method for Small-Colony Variant Staphylococcus aureus (2016)

Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variants (SCVs) emerge frequently during chronic infections and are often associated with worse disease outcomes. There are no standardized methods for SCV antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) due to poor growth and reversion to normal-colony (NC) phenotypes on standard media. We sought to identify reproducible methods for AST of S. aureus SCVs and to determine whether SCV susceptibilities can be predicted on the basis of treatment history, SCV biochemical type (auxotrophy), or the susceptibilities of isogenic NC coisolates. We tested the growth and stability of SCV isolates on 11 agar media, selecting for AST 2 media that yielded optimal SCV growth and the lowest rates of reversion to NC phenotypes. We then performed disk diffusion AST on 86 S. aureus SCVs and 28 isogenic NCs and Etest for a subset of 26 SCVs and 24 isogenic NCs. Growth and reversion were optimal on brain heart infusion agar and Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with compounds for which most clinical SCVs are auxotrophic: hemin, menadione, and thymidine. SCVs were typically nonsusceptible to either trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or aminoglycosides, in accordance with the auxotrophy type. In contrast, SCVs were variably nonsusceptible to fluoroquinolones, macrolides, lincosamides, fusidic acid, and rifampin; mecA-positive SCVs were invariably resistant to cefoxitin. All isolates (both SCVs and NCs) were susceptible to quinupristin-dalfopristin, vancomycin, minocycline, linezolid, chloramphenicol, and tigecycline. Analysis of SCV auxotrophy type, isogenic NC antibiograms, and antibiotic treatment history had limited utility in predicting SCV susceptibilities. With clinical correlation, this AST method and these results may prove useful in directing treatment for SCV infections.
Renaturation and localization of enzymes in polyacrylamide gels: Studies with UDPglucose pyrophosphorylase of <i>Dictyostelium</i> (1980)

We have developed procedures for renaturing, in polyacrylamide isoelectric focusing gels, homomeric enzymes (i.e., enzymes with identical subunits) that have been denatured with sodium dodecyl sulfate or urea or both. The renatured enzymes can then be localized as discrete species by conventional histochemical staining. One of these enzymes, uridine diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase (UTP:alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.9) of Dictyostelium discoideum, was studied in detail. Conditions have been established for renaturing and localizing this enzyme and for quantitating the amount of activity recovered. Up to 40% of the activity can be recovered after renaturation. This procedure is widely applicable because several enzymes, including alcohol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.1) and lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27), can be localized. It is sensitive enough to resolve isozymes and enzyme variants that differ by a single charged amino acid. It can be used to localize enzymes in crude cell extracts that have been resolved in two-dimensional slab gels by sodium dodecyl sulfate electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing. These methods should allow detailed analysis of genes and their enzyme proteins that, though present in small amounts in eukaryotic cells, perform important metabolic or developmental functions.