gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nuclear structure in normal and Bloom syndrome cells (2000)

Bloom syndrome (BS) is a rare cancer-predisposing disorder in which the cells of affected persons have a high frequency of somatic mutation and genomic instability. BLM, the protein altered in BS, is a RecQ DNA helicase. This report shows that BLM is found in the nucleus of normal human cells in the nuclear domain 10 or promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies. These structures are punctate depots of proteins disrupted upon viral infection and in certain human malignancies. BLM is found primarily in nuclear domain 10 except during S phase when it colocalizes with the Werner syndrome gene product, WRN, in the nucleolus. BLM colocalizes with a select subset of telomeres in normal cells and with large telomeric clusters seen in simian virus 40-transformed normal fibroblasts. During S phase, BS cells expel micronuclei containing sites of DNA synthesis. BLM is likely to be part of a DNA surveillance mechanism operating during S phase.
Reduced encoding of diffusion spectrum imaging with cross-term correction (2004)

Diffusion Spectrum MRI (DSI) has been demonstrated to be capable of defining orientations of intersecting fibers accurately. However, the scanning procedure is overly time-consuming under the current sampling scheme. We developed a reduced encoding scheme of DSI and proved that decreasing the acquisition points to 62% is feasible by diffusion cross-term correction. We calculated the diffusion cross-term from the acquired data in the center of q space by assuming that image corresponding to any diffusion encoding direction suffers b values from diffusion gradients, imaging gradients and the cross-term between diffusion gradients and imaging gradients. The data in outer q space was then corrected with diffusion cross-term and filled by the data acquired with opposite diffusion gradients according to the geometric symmetry of diffusion anisotropy. Both ex-vivo crossing capillaries phantom and ex-vivo rat brain models showed that this method can decrease DSI acquisition time while preserving the patterns and orientations of probability density function.
Culture of Neuroepithelial Stem Cells (1997)

In vitro culture of multipotent neural precursors allows researchers to study mechanisms regulating such processes as proliferation and lineage commitment within the developing central nervous system (CNS). The protocols presented in this unit describe the isolation and maintenance of stem cells from both fetal and adult rodent neural tissue. A procedure for treating tissue culture dishes with poly-L-ornithine and fibronectin, which is necessary before the dishes are used for neuroepithelial stem cell culture, is also included.
Laser and other light therapies for the treatment of acne vulgaris: systematic review (2009)

Some forms of light therapy were of short-term benefit. Patients may find it easier to comply with these treatments, despite the initial discomfort, because of their short duration. However, very few trials compared light therapy with conventional acne treatments, were conducted in patients with severe acne or examined long-term benefits of treatment.
Synthesis of Bovine Growth Hormone in Primates by Using a Herpesvirus Vector (1985)

A strain of herpesvirus saimiri containing a bovine growth hormone (bGH) gene under the control of the simian virus 40 (SV40) late-region promoter was constructed. This strain, bGH-Z20, was replication competent and stably harbored the bGH gene upon serial passage. Nonpermissive marmoset T cells persistently infected with bGH-Z20 produced a 0.9-kilobase RNA which contained all of the bGH exon sequences and appeared to initiate within the SV40 promoter region. However, in permissively infected owl monkey kidney cells, RNAs containing growth hormone sequences appeared to initiate from herpesvirus saimiri promoters positioned upstream from the SV40-growth hormone gene. Persistently infected T cells in culture secreted 500 ng of bGH protein per 10(6) cells per 24 h during the several months of testing. The secreted protein was 21 kilodaltons, the size of authentic bGH. New World primates experimentally infected with bGH-Z20 produced circulating bGH and developed immunoglobulin G antibodies directed against bGH. Because herpesviruses characteristically remain latent in the infected host, these observations suggest a means for replacing gene products missing or defective in hereditary genetic disorders.
Effects of three different growth rates on empty body weight, carcass weight and dissected carcass composition of cattle (1974)

SUMMARY A study was made of the effect on body composition of growing Angus steers from 300 to 440 kg at three different rates. The rates were: High (H) 0·8 kg/day, Low (L) 0·4 kg/day and High-Maintenance (HM) 0·8 kg/day followed by a period during which body weight was maintained constant. The animals were individually penned and the different growth rates were achieved by controlling intakes of a pelleted feed. Two animals (part of H treatment) were killed at 300 kg and the remaining 27 animals (nine in each treatment), were killed at common body weights of 330, 363, 400 and 440 kg. Analyses of covariance were used to compare linear regression equations representing results from each treatment. In order to do this, the logarithmic transformation of the allometric equation, y = ax b , was used. As a proportion of empty body weight (EBW), hot carcass weight (HCW) was greater in both the HM and L groups than in the H group, indicating a greater offal component of EBW in the H animals. The loss in weight of the dressed carcass during storage at 2 °C for 24 h was similar in all three groups and was 0·98% of HCW. The proportions of HCW in the fore- and hind-quarters were similar in each group. At the same dissected side weight (DSW), the weight of bone was significantly greater in both the HM and L groups than in the H group indicating that bone development was related to both age and carcass weight. There were no significant differences between the groups in the proportions of either muscle or total fat. However, the proportion of kidney and channel fat in the H group was greater than in the HM and L groups and the proportion of subcutaneous fat was also greater in the H than in the L group. The amount of connective tissue in the three groups followed, in general, group differences in bone. Analyses of the dissected components of the separate fore- and hind-quarters showed that the difference between the H and L groups in the proportion of subcutaneous fat in the DSW was due to a relatively greater development of this fat in the fore-quarter of the H animals. No differences were found between treatments in the proportion of ‘expensive muscles’ relative to total side muscle (TSM). However, there were treatment effects on the proportions of TSM formed by certain groups of muscles; two examples are: the proportion of group 4 muscles (abdominal muscles) was higher and the proportion of group 6 muscles (distal muscles of the fore-leg) was lower in the H than in the L treatments. Bone weight distribution was similar in all treatments. There were differences between the H and HM groups in the relative growth ratios for all fat tissues (subcutaneous, intermuscular and kidney and channel fat) compared with total side fat. However, in the H and L groups, the relative growth ratios for corresponding fat categories were similar. The weight of kidney and channel fat in the left side of the carcass was significantly greater than in the right side of the carcass in all treatments.
Mini-F plasmid mutants able to replicate in Escherichia coli deficient in the DnaJ heat shock protein (1992)

A subset of Escherichia coli heat shock proteins, DnaJ, DnaK, and GrpE, is required for mini-F plasmid replication, presumably at the step of functioning of the RepE initiator protein. We have isolated and characterized mini-F plasmid mutants that acquired the ability to replicate in the Escherichia coli dnaJ259. The mutant plasmids were found to replicate in any of dnaJ, dnaK, and grpE mutant hosts tested. In each case, the majority of the mutant plasmids carried a unique amino acid alteration in a localized region of repE coding sequence and showed an increased copy number, whereas the minority contained a common single base change (C to T) in the promoter/operator region and produced an increased amount of RepE. All RepE proteins with altered residues (between 92 and 134) exhibited increased initiator activities (hyperactive), and many showed reduced repressor activities as well, indicating that this region is important for the both major functions of RepE protein. These results together with evidence reported elsewhere indicate that the subset of heat shock proteins serves to activate RepE protein prior to or during its binding to the replication origin and that the mutant RepE proteins are active even in their absence. We also found that a C-terminal lesion (repE602) reduces the initiator activity particularly of some hyperactive mutant RepE proteins but does not affect the repressor activity. This finding suggests a functional interaction between the central and C-terminal regions of RepE in carrying out the initiator function.
Hyperbaric oxygen treatment reduces neutrophil‐endothelial adhesion in chronic wound conditions through <scp>S</scp>‐nitrosation (2013)

Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy is an effective treatment for diabetic chronic wounds. HBO reduces inflammation and accelerates wound healing, by mechanisms that remain unclear. Here we examined a mechanism by which HBO may reduce neutrophil recruitment, through changes in endothelial and neutrophil adhesion molecule expression and function. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells and neutrophils were exposed to selected chronic wound conditions, comprising hypoxia in the presence of lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and then treated with HBO. We observed neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells following treatment with chronic wound conditions, which was reversed by HBO treatment. This was partly explained by reduced expression of endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 by HBO. No changes in neutrophil adhesion molecule expression (CD18, CD11b, CD62L, CD31) were observed following HBO treatment. However, HBO decreased hydrogen peroxide generation by neutrophils, and induced nitrous oxide-related protein modifications. The transnitrosating agent S-nitroso-L-cysteine ethyl ester (600 μM) also reduced neutrophil adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cell monolayers, and the iNOS inhibitor 1400 W (10 μM) and HgCl2, which promotes the decomposition of S-nitrosothiols (1 mM), reversed the effect of HBO, suggesting that S-nitrosation may inhibit neutrophil-endothelial cell adhesion. This study indicates that HBO could reduce inflammation in wounds through reduced neutrophil recruitment, mediated by S-nitrosation.
Development of the Hippocampal Cognitive Map in Preweanling Rats (2010)

Orienting in large-scale space depends on the interaction of environmental experience and preconfigured, possibly innate, constructs. Place, head-direction, and grid cells in the hippocampal formation provide allocentric representations of space. Here we show how these cognitive representations emerge and develop as rat pups first begin to explore their environment. Directional, locational, and rhythmic organization of firing are present during initial exploration, including adultlike directional firing. The stability and precision of place cell firing continue to develop throughout juvenility. Stable grid cell firing appears later but matures rapidly to adult levels. Our results demonstrate the presence of three neuronal representations of space before extensive experience and show how they develop with age.
Direct Visualization of RNA-DNA Primer Removal from Okazaki Fragments Provides Support for Flap Cleavage and Exonucleolytic Pathways in Eukaryotic Cells (2017)

During DNA replication in eukaryotic cells, short single-stranded DNA segments known as Okazaki fragments are first synthesized on the lagging strand. The Okazaki fragments originate from ∼35-nucleotide-long RNA-DNA primers. After Okazaki fragment synthesis, these primers must be removed to allow fragment joining into a continuous lagging strand. To date, the models of enzymatic machinery that removes the RNA-DNA primers have come almost exclusively from biochemical reconstitution studies and some genetic interaction assays, and there is little direct evidence to confirm these models. One obstacle to elucidating Okazaki fragment processing has been the lack of methods that can directly examine primer removal <i>in vivo</i> In this study, we developed an electron microscopy assay that can visualize nucleotide flap structures on DNA replication forks in fission yeast (<i>Schizosaccharomyces pombe</i>). With this assay, we first demonstrated the generation of flap structures during Okazaki fragment processing <i>in vivo</i> The mean and median lengths of the flaps in wild-type cells were ∼51 and ∼41 nucleotides, respectively. We also used yeast mutants to investigate the impact of deleting key DNA replication nucleases on these flap structures. Our results provided direct <i>in vivo</i> evidence for a previously proposed flap cleavage pathway and the critical function of Dna2 and Fen1 in cleaving these flaps. In addition, we found evidence for another previously proposed exonucleolytic pathway involving RNA-DNA primer digestion by exonucleases RNase H2 and Exo1. Taken together, our observations suggest a dual mechanism for Okazaki fragment maturation in lagging strand synthesis and establish a new strategy for interrogation of this fascinating process.
Immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants after heterologous and homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/BNT162b2 vaccination (2021)

Currently approved viral vector-based and mRNA-based vaccine approaches against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) consider only homologous prime-boost vaccination. After reports of thromboembolic events, several European governments recommended using AstraZeneca's ChAdOx1-nCov-19 (ChAd) only in individuals older than 60 years, leaving millions of already ChAd-primed individuals with the decision to receive either a second shot of ChAd or a heterologous boost with mRNA-based vaccines. However, such combinations have not been tested so far. We used Hannover Medical School's COVID-19 Contact Study cohort of healthcare professionals to monitor ChAd-primed immune responses before and 3 weeks after booster with ChAd (n = 32) or BioNTech/Pfizer's BNT162b2 (n = 55). Although both vaccines boosted prime-induced immunity, BNT162b2 induced significantly higher frequencies of spike-specific CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells and, in particular, high titers of neutralizing antibodies against the B.1.1.7, B.1.351 and P.1 variants of concern of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
Stereoselective Rhodium-Catalyzed Amination of Alkenes (2011)

The first stereoselective rhodium-catalyzed intermolecular aziridination and C-H amination of alkenes to produce chiral carbamate-protected aziridines and allylic amines is described. Good yields and diastereoselectivities were achieved using a readily available chiral N-tosyloxycarbamate and stoichiometric amount of the alkene substrate. Furthermore the protecting group is easy to cleave under mild reaction conditions.
Overexpression of Anillin (ANLN) is correlated with colorectal cancer progression and poor prognosis (2016)

ANLN expression is elevated in CRC and has a strong potential to act as a biomarker for the prognosis of CRC.
Stochastic prediction of human motion and control of robots in the service of human (2002)

The authors propose a control model for human cooperative robots. According to human motion which is measured by a human recognition system, future human position is predicted. Robot trajectories are changed by acceleration/deceleration/stop so as to minimize danger, which is computed by the predicted data. In this paper, a model of a stochastic process is adopted for the prediction because it can prevent inappropriate robot motion which might be caused by prediction error. A prediction plane is divided into square cells. Each cell has probability data by which cell number, direction and speed change. They are determined by the characteristics of motion of places beforehand. Computation of the stochastic state transition chain predicts the probability that a human exists in a cell at future time. Application to a laboratory room demonstrated that this method is effective for safe motion of human cooperative robots.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Electronic Structure of Ru<sub>2</sub>(II,II) Oxypyridinates: Synthetic, Structural, and Theoretical Insights into Axial Ligand Binding (2015)

Reduction of (4,0)-Ru2(chp)4Cl (1) (chp = 6-chloro-2-oxypyridinate) with Zn or FeCl2 yields a series of axial ligand adducts of the Ru2(II,II) species Ru2(chp)4(L), with L = tetrahydrofuran (2), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; 3), PPh3 (4), pyridine (5), or MeCN (6). Zn reduction in noncoordinating solvents such as toluene or CH2Cl2 leads to the dimeric species [Ru2(chp)4]2 (7) or [Ru2(chp)4]2(ZnCl2) (8), whereas addition of strongly σ-donating ligands such as CO causes cleavage of the Ru-Ru bond. Density functional theory (DFT) models of these complexes, the axially free species, and the axial adducts of several other potential ligands (H2O, NH3, CH2Cl2, S-bound DMSO, N2, and CO) indicate that these compounds can be divided into three distinct categories, based on their Ru-Ru bond length and electronic structure. Compounds 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, and 8, the hypothetical axially free species, and adducts of H2O and NH3 fit in Category 1 with a (δ*)(2)(π*)(2) ground state, as indicated by their electronic spectra, magnetic properties, and Ru-Ru bond distances. However, compound 4 and the CH2Cl2 adduct (Category 2) show a pseudo-Jahn-Teller distortion and spectroscopic signs of δ*/π* orbital mixing suggestive of a new electronic ground state intermediate between the (δ*)(2)(π*)(2) and (δ*)(1)(π*)(3) configurations. Category 3 consists of the hypothetical adducts of N2, S-bound DMSO, and CO, all of which are predicted to have a (δ*)(1)(π*)(3) configuration. Electronic spectra were recorded and assigned using time-dependent DFT, allowing assignment of a band in the 10,000-13,000 cm(-1) range as the δ → π* transition. The axial ligand's π-acid character heavily influences the δ*-π* gap, and thereby the ground-state electronic configuration, but not the axial ligand binding strength, which is dictated more by the σ-donor character of the ligands. Thus, this work greatly expands the number of axial ligand adducts known for Ru2(II,II) complexes supported by N,O-donor ligands and provides a predictive theoretical framework for their stability and electronic structures.
Power assistance for human elbow motion support using minimal EMG signals with admittance control (2011)

In this paper, different from other researches, we developed an admittance control model with EMG signal to control our developed power assistance device for human elbow motion support. A two degree of freedom power assistance device is developed, and a simple but effective EMG signal processing method is proposed. Further, an admittance control model using EMG signal is introduced to generate speed command based on the EMG signal to perform power assist task. It can easily and arbitrarily implement different power assist ratio with different parameters in admittance model. Experimental results show validity of the proposed approach.
Coronavirus Pandemic 2019-2020 (2020)

The emergence of a unique coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has awakened the echoes of SARS-CoV from nearly two decades ago. A pandemic of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China has spread quickly nationwide. Wuhan had reported the results of a descriptive, exploratory analysis of all coronavirus cases diagnosed as on February 11, 2020, worldwide. All COVID-19 case reported on February 11, 2020, were extracted from China's Infectious disorder information gadget. Analyses covered:1) summary of affected person characteristics; 2) examination of age distributions and sex ratios; 3) calculation of case fatality and mortality fees; 4) geo-temporal analysis of viral spread; 5) epidemiological curve production, and 6) subgroup analysis. Over the past few decades of diseases, outbreaks have become increasingly frequent and widespread. The epicenters of these outbreaks have differed and could be linked to different economic contexts. Records had been received with standardized facts series bureaucracy shared with the aid of WHO and the worldwide excessive Acute respiratory and emerging contamination Consortium from electronic medical data. Researchers additionally immediately communicated with sufferers or their families to envision epidemiological and symptom records. This study basically defined on secondary data research as per WHO, China Research Article and Sciencedirectassets Site.
Blood pressure gradients in cerebral arteries: a clue to pathogenesis of cerebral small vessel disease (2017)

These findings have important implications for understanding small vessel disease. The marked pressure gradient across cerebral arteries should be taken into account when evaluating the pathogenesis of small WMIs on MRI. Hypertensive small vessel disease, affecting the arterioles at the base of the brain should be distinguished from small vessel disease in subcortical regions of the convexity and venous disease in the periventricular white matter.
Flexible Exchange Rate, Financial Development and Economic Performance in Malaysia (2012)

In this paper evidence on whether Malaysia’s, Bank Negara policy of allowing flexible exchange rate along with financial development has affected the volatility of real macroeconomic variables like trade, foreign investment and economic growth is presented. An econometric framework is also utilized to examine the linkages between the exchange rate and the real economy. Different indicators of financial development and exchange rate variability are used. Results are found to vary with the indicators used. Correlation matrix shows that Variability in real effective exchange rate has an adverse effect on the inflow of FDI and economic growth. While the development of Capital market has a positive correlation with FDI, trade and economic growth. Credit to the private sector by the financial institutions has a positive impact on the international trade intensity. Regression results show that variability in exchange rate has a significant negative impact on economic growth. While its effect on trade intensity is not conclusive.
Cloning and characterization of a cDNA from Xenopus laevis coding for a protein homologous to human and murine p53. (1987)

A Xenopus laevis oocyte cDNA library was screened with a murine p53 cDNA probe for the presence of p53-related clones. Several such clones were isolated and analysed. The nucleotide sequence of the largest cDNA clone (2.2 kb) showed a high degree of homology with the human (68%) and murine (70%) p53 coding sequences. This clone contains a single large open-reading frame, coding for a protein of 363 amino acids, which is 51% homologous to human p53 and 57% homologous to murine p53. Furthermore, five highly conserved internal regions were found in all three proteins. The three proteins have a highly similar amino acid composition (including, notably, the presence of a high proportion of proline residues), and they display a comparable distribution of charged amino acids and hydropathic index profile. The in vitro transcription-translation products of the X. laevis clone were successfully immunoprecipitated by human anti-p53 sera, demonstrating that there is at least one epitope in common between the X. laevis protein and human, and possibly murine, p53.