gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Zero-Forcing Precoding and Generalized Inverses (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> We consider the problem of linear zero-forcing precoding design and discuss its relation to the theory of generalized inverses in linear algebra. Special attention is given to a specific generalized inverse known as the pseudo-inverse. We begin with the standard design under the assumption of a total power constraint and prove that precoders based on the pseudo-inverse are optimal among the generalized inverses in this setting. Then, we proceed to examine individual per-antenna power constraints. In this case, the pseudo-inverse is not necessarily the optimal inverse. In fact, finding the optimal matrix is nontrivial and depends on the specific performance measure. We address two common criteria, fairness and throughput, and show that the optimal generalized inverses may be found using standard convex optimization methods. We demonstrate the improved performance offered by our approach using computer simulations. </para>
Full-Chip Routing Optimization With RLC Crosstalk Budgeting (2004)

Existing layout-optimization methods for both capacitive and inductive (RLC) crosstalk reduction assume a set of interconnects with a priori given crosstalk bounds in a routing region. RLC crosstalk budgeting is critical for effectively applying these methods at the full-chip level. In this paper, we formulate a full-chip routing optimization problem with RLC crosstalk budgeting, and solve this problem with a multiphase algorithm. In phase I, we solve an optimal RLC crosstalk budgeting based on linear programming to partition crosstalk bounds at sinks into bounds for net segments in routing regions. In phase II, we perform simultaneous shield insertion and net ordering to meet the partitioned crosstalk bounds in each region. In phase III, we carry out a local refinement procedure to reduce the total number of shields. Compared with the best alternative approach in experiments, the proposed algorithm reduces the total routing area by up to 5.71% and uses less runtime. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first in-depth study on full-chip routing optimization with RLC crosstalk budgeting.
Human Permanent Ectoparasites; Recent Advances on Biology and Clinical Significance of <i>Demodex</i> Mites: Narrative Review Article. (2017)

Overall, the present review will focus on different aspects of <i>Demodex</i> mites' biology and significance of these arachnids in human's health.
Design, implementation, and evaluation of write-back policy with cache augmented data stores (2019)

The Cache Augmented Data Store (CADS) architecture extends a persistent data store with an in-memory cache manager. It is widely deployed to support read-intensive workloads. However, its write-around and write-through policies prevent the caching tier from absorbing write load. This means the data store layer must scale to process writes even when the extra capacity is not needed for read load. We address this limitation by devising a write-back technique to enable the caching layer to process both reads and writes. This technique preserves ACID transactions. We present a client side implementation of write-back and evaluate it using the YCSB, BG, and TPC-C benchmarks. In addition, we compare our write-back with (a) write-back policy of a data store such as MongoDB and (b) write-back policy of a host-side cache such as Flashcache.
Performance of graphene oxide-modified electrodeposited ZnO/Cu2O heterojunction solar cells (2019)

We report the fabrication of ZnO/Cu2O heterojunction solar cells by means of the electrodeposition technique. The effect of electrolyte medium for the ZnO deposition, annealing treatment and interface modification with graphene oxide (GO) layer on the photoelectrical properties was analyzed. The electrochemical results indicated a markedly dependent Cu2O film electrodeposition on the GO-modified ZnO films. The modification of ZnO/Cu2O interface with GO nanosheets and annealing treatment results in improved interface properties, varying morphology and defects in ZnO lattice that further lead to enhanced performance of the proposed heterojunction solar cells. While the obtained results indicate that the properties of GO coating need to be tailored for improved performance, a synergetic effect of the GO addition and annealing treatment on the photoelectric properties of the electrodeposited heterojunction is achieved. Se presenta la fabricación de celdas solares de heterounión de ZnO/Cu2O obtenidas mediante la técnica de electrodeposición. Se analizó el efecto del electrolito utilizado para la deposición de ZnO, el tratamiento térmico aplicado y la modificación de la interfaz con una capa de óxido de grafeno (GO) sobre las propiedades fotoeléctricas. Los resultados electroquímicos indicaron que existe una marcada dependencia de electrodeposición de capa de Cu2O sobre las películas de ZnO modificadas con GO. La modificación de la interfaz ZnO/Cu2O con nanohojas de GO y el tratamiento térmico dan como resultado mejoras en las propiedades de la interfaz, una morfología variable y defectos en la red de ZnO que conducen a un mejor rendimiento de las celdas solares de heterounión propuestas. Si bien los resultados obtenidos indican que las propiedades del recubrimiento de GO deben adaptarse para mejorar el rendimiento, se logra un efecto sinérgico del tratamiento de adición y térmico de GO aplicados sobre las propiedades fotoeléctricas de la heterounión electrodepositada.
Quality-of-life implications of risk-reducing cancer surgery (2018)

Although the overwhelming quality-of-life implications of surgery are neutral to positive, risk-reducing surgery is irreversible and can be associated with short- and long-term side-effects.
Distinct Transcriptional Profiles of Adipogenesisin Vivo and in Vitro (2001)

Obesity, defined as an increase in adipose tissue mass, is the most prevalent nutritional disorder in industrialized countries and is a growing problem in developing countries. An increase in adipose tissue mass can be the result of the production of new fat cells through the process of adipogenesis and/or the deposition of increased amounts of cytoplasmic triglyceride per cell. Although much has been learned about the differentiation of adipocytes in vitro, less is known about the molecular basis for the mechanisms regulating adipogenesis in vivo. Here oligonucleotide microarrays have been used to compare the patterns of gene expression in preadipocytes and adipocytes in vitro and in vivo. These data indicate that the cellular programs associated with adipocyte differentiation are considerably more complex than previously appreciated and that a greater number of heretofore uncharacterized gene regulatory events are activated during this process in vitro. In addition, the gene expression changes associated with adipocyte development in vivo and in vitro, while overlapping, are in some respects quite different. These data further suggest that one or more transcriptional programs are activated exclusively in vivo to generate the full adipocyte phenotype. This gene expression survey now sets the stage for further studies to dissect the molecular differences between in vivo and in vitro adipocytes.
Novel Alternative Splice Variants of cGMP-binding cGMP-specific Phosphodiesterase (1998)

After our recent findings that the amino-terminal portion of rat cGMP-binding, cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase (cGB-PDE) differs from those of bovine and human cGB-PDEs, we found two forms of canine cGB-PDE cDNAs (CFPDE5A1 and CFPDE5A2) in canine lung. Each contained a distinct amino-terminal sequence, CFPDE5A1, possessing an amino-terminal portion with sequence similar to those of bovine and human, and CFPDE5A2, having one similar to that of rat. Other portions coding for the cGMP binding domains and the catalytic domain were conserved. Both CFPDE5A1 and CFPDE5A2 transcripts were detected in the cerebellum, hippocampus, retina, lung, heart, spleen, and thoracic artery. CFPDE5A1 transcripts were particularly abundant in the pylorus, whereas CFPDE5A2 transcripts were quite low in this tissue. CFPDE5A1 and CFPDE5A2 expressed in COS-7 cells had cGMP Km values of 2.68 and 1.97 microM, respectively, and both were inhibited by a low concentration of a cGB-PDE inhibitor, Zaprinast. Both CFPDE5A1 and CFPDE5A2 bound cGMP to their allosteric cGMP binding domains, and this cGMP binding was stimulated by 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine. Thus, two types of alternative splice variants of canine cGB-PDE have been identified and shown to have similar biological properties in vitro.
A Polymorphism in the Cyclooxygenase 2 Gene as an Inherited Protective Factor Against Myocardial Infarction and Stroke (2004)

We found that the -765G-->C polymorphism of the COX-2 gene is associated with a decreased risk of MI and stroke. Detection of this genotype may be useful for predicting genetic risk of MI and stroke.
Catalytic Esterifications of Carboxylic Acids and Alcohols by Sodium Bisulfate Monohydrate (1999)

Abstract The efficient esterification of primary and secondary alcohols with aliphatic carboxylic acids in the presence of a catalytic amount of sodium bisulfate monohydrate to afford the corresponding esters in high yields.
Rearrangement of Derivatives of 1,3‐Dithian‐5‐amineinto Bicyclic 2‐Thiazolidines. Crystal Structures of <i>cis</i>‐ and <i>trans</i>‐1‐(2‐Aryl‐1,3‐dithain‐5‐yl)‐2‐thioureas and <i>cis</i>‐ and <i>trans</i>‐5‐Aryl‐3‐imino‐7,7a‐dihydro‐1<i>H</i>,3<i>H</i>,5<i>H</i>‐thiazolo[3,4‐<i>c</i>]thiazoles (1984)

Abstract Under conditions normally applied to transform thioureas into the corresponding carbodiimides, cis ‐ and trans ‐1‐(2‐aryl‐1,3‐dithian‐5‐yl)‐2‐thioureas 7 and 8 undergo a rearrangement to 5‐aryl‐3‐imino‐7,7a‐dihydro‐1 H , 3 H , 5 H ‐thiazolo[3,4‐ c ]thiazoles 9/10 with cis ‐ and trans ‐fused rings, respectively. The structures of these novel heterocycles were established by X‐ray analysis of compounds 9a , 9d , and 10d . The cis ‐fused compounds 9 are the thermodynamically more stable ones. The stereochemical outcome of the rearrangement depends on the carbenium ion stabilizing capability of the aryl moiety and on the reagent system applied. With Ar = Ph, p ‐Cl‐Ph, p ‐O 2 N‐Ph, the reaction can be directed to deliver mainly either the cis ‐thiazolothiazoles 9 or the trans ‐thiazolothiazoles 10 . With Ar = 5‐methyl‐4‐imidazolyl or p ‐Me 2 N‐Ph, formation of the cis ‐thiazolothiazoles ( 9a and 9b , resp.) is strongly favored independently of the reaction conditions, In contrast to it 2‐aryl analogs, (1,3‐dithian‐5‐yl)‐2‐thiourea 7g can be transformed into the carbodiimide 11 . Under rigorous conditions, 11 also undergoes rearrangement to the corresponding thiazolothiazole 9g . Mechanisms explaining the above findings are discussed. Reaction of trans ‐2‐phenyl‐1,3‐dithian‐5‐amine 6d with phosgene or trichloromethyl chloroformate gives the 5‐phenyl‐7,7a‐dihydro‐1 H ,3 H ,5 H ‐thiazolo[3,4‐ c ]‐thiazol‐3‐ones 12 and 13 , whereas the amine 5g lacking an aryl substitutent forms the sable isocyanate 14 . Compound 14 is transformed into the corresponding thiazolothiazolone 15 by refluxing in diglyme. Syntheses are described for the 1,3‐dithian‐5‐amines 5 / 6 and the thioureas 7 / 8 derived therefrom. The relative configuration of 7d and 8d was determined by X‐ray analysis. NMR data then allowed to assign the configurations of all compounds of types 7 and 8 .
When is now? Perception of simultaneity (2001)

We address the following question: Is there a difference (D) between the amount of time for auditory and visual stimuli to be perceived? On each of 1000 trials, observers were presented with a light-sound pair, separated by a stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) between -250 ms (sound first) and +250 ms. Observers indicated if the light-sound pair came on simultaneously by pressing one of two (yes or no) keys. The SOA most likely to yield affirmative responses was defined as the point of subjective simultaneity (PSS). PSS values were between -21 ms (i.e. sound 21 ms before light) and +150 ms. Evidence is presented that each PSS is observer specific. In a second experiment, each observer was tested using two observer-stimulus distances. The resultant PSS values are highly correlated (r = 0.954, p = 0.003), suggesting that each observer's PSS is stable. PSS values were significantly affected by observer-stimulus distance, suggesting that observers do not take account of changes in distance on the resultant difference in arrival times of light and sound. The difference RTd in simple reaction time to single visual and auditory stimuli was also estimated; no evidence that RTd is observer specific or stable was found. The implications of these findings for the perception of multisensory stimuli are discussed.
Joint Latent Dirichlet Allocation for Social Tags (2017)

Social tags, serving as a textual source of simple but useful semantic metadata to reflect the user preference or describe the web objects, has been widely used in many applications. However, social tags have several unique characteristics, i.e., sparseness and data coupling (i.e., non-IIDness), which makes existing text analysis methods such as LDA not directly applicable. In this paper, we propose a new generative algorithm for social tag analysis named joint latent Dirichlet allocation, which models the generation of tags based on both the users and the objects, and thus accounts for the coupling relationships among social tags. The model introduces two latent factors that jointly influence tag generation: the user's latent interest factor and the object's latent topic factor, formulated as user-topic distribution matrix and object-topic distribution matrix, respectively. A Gibbs sampling approach is adopted to simultaneously infer the above two matrices as well as a topic-word distribution matrix. Experimental results on four social tagging datasets have shown that our model is able to capture more reasonable topics and achieves better performance than five state-of-the-art topic models in terms of the widely used point-wise mutual information metric. In addition, we analyze the learnt topics showing that our model recovers more themes from social tags while LDA may lead the topic vanishing problems, and demonstrate its advantages in the social recommendation by evaluating the retrieval results with mean reciprocal rank metric. Finally, we explore the joint procedure of our model in depth to show the non-IID characteristic of social tagging process.
Narrowing the social gap among people involved in global dialog: Automatic emotion detection in blog posts (2007)

In this paper, we introduce a new approach to automatic emotion detection in blog posts. The purpose of our research is to develop an effective tool for recognition and interpretation of affect conveyed through written language. The main idea behind the proposed rule-based algorithm is to determine the prevailing emotion in each sentence of diary-like entry and to display the dynamics of emotion changes throughout the whole document by using simplified emotional faces.
Bioactive Nanoparticle through Postmodification of Colloidal Silica (2014)

Bioactive nanoparticles with controllable size and good colloidal stability were synthesized through surface modification of colloidal silica nanoparticles with Ca(OH)2 as the modifier. These modified nanoparticles showed good bioactivity, showing evidence of hydroxyapatite formation when incubated in simulated body fluid within 3 days. Comparison of bioactivity was made among different sized particles from nanoscale to microscale. It was found the bioactivity of these calcium modified colloidal silica particles generally decreased with particle size in the explored size range (40 nm particles showed bioactivity within 1 day). These particles were also found to be noncytotoxic but promote preosteoblast growth, thus making them promising bioactive additives for bone repair materials.
Arginine deiminase inhibits Porphyromonas gingivalis surface attachment (2012)

The oral cavity is host to a complex microbial community whose maintenance depends on an array of cell-to-cell interactions and communication networks, with little known regarding the nature of the signals or mechanisms by which they are sensed and transmitted. Determining the signals that control attachment, biofilm development and outgrowth of oral pathogens is fundamental to understanding pathogenic biofilm development. We have previously identified a secreted arginine deiminase (ADI) produced by Streptococcus intermedius that inhibited biofilm development of the commensal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis through downregulation of genes encoding the major (fimA) and minor (mfa1) fimbriae, both of which are required for proper biofilm development. Here we report that this inhibitory effect is dependent on enzymic activity. We have successfully cloned, expressed and defined the conditions to ensure that ADI from S. intermedius is enzymically active. Along with the cloning of the wild-type allele, we have created a catalytic mutant (ADIC399S), in which the resulting protein is not able to catalyse the hydrolysis of l-arginine to l-citrulline. P. gingivalis is insensitive to the ADIC399S catalytic mutant, demonstrating that enzymic activity is required for the effects of ADI on biofilm formation. Biofilm formation is absent under l-arginine-deplete conditions, and can be recovered by the addition of the amino acid. Taken together, the results indicate that arginine is an important signal that directs biofilm formation by this anaerobe. Based on our findings, we postulate that ADI functions to reduce arginine levels and, by a yet to be identified mechanism, signals P. gingivalis to alter biofilm development. ADI release from the streptococcal cell and its cross-genera effects are important findings in understanding the nature of inter-bacterial signalling and biofilm-mediated diseases of the oral cavity.
Improving the accuracy of the rotorresistance estimate for vector-controlled induction machines (1997)

The estimation of rotor resistance in a vector-controlled induction machine is necessary to achieve high performance torque control. The extended Kalman filter (EKF) or the extended Luenberger observer (ELO) have been used to estimate this machine parameter. Three techniques are presented for use with the EKF and ELO which improve the accuracy of the rotor resistance estimate, either in both estimators, or in the EKF alone. These techniques are: the use of the synchronous two-axis (de-qe) frame model of the induction machine with the EKF, the inclusion of the core loss resistance to precalculate the phase currents used by the estimators, and the injection of a high frequency sine wave on the flux current reference command. These improvements are achieved without increasing the complexity of the estimation algorithms. The consequent improvements in the rotor resistance estimation are illustrated through simulation and practical implementation of a vector-controlled induction machine. A high performance digital signal processor (DSP) is used in the practical implementation.
Correlating structure with solute and water transport in a chronic model of peritoneal inflammation (2005)

To study the process of chronic peritoneal inflammation from sterile solutions, we established an animal model to link structural changes with solute and water transport. Filtered solutions containing 4% N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) or 4% glucose (G) were injected intraperitoneally daily in 200- to 300-g rats and compared with controls (C). After 2 mo, each animal underwent transport studies using a chamber affixed to the parietal peritoneum to determine small-solute and protein mass transfer, osmotic filtration, and hydraulic flow. After euthanasia, parietal tissues were sampled for histological analysis, which demonstrated significant differences in peritoneal thickness (microm; C, 42.6 +/- 7.5; G, 80.4 +/- 22.3; NAG, 450 +/- 104; P < 0.05). Staining for VEGF correlated with CD-31 vessel counts (no./mm2: C, 53.1 +/- 16.1; G, 166 +/- 32; NAG, 183 +/- 32; P < 0.05). Tissue analysis showed treatment effects on tissue hyaluronan (micro/g: C, 962 +/- 73; G, 1,169 +/- 69; NAG, 1,428 +/- 69; P < 0.05) and collagen (microg/g: C, 56.9 +/- 12.0; G, 107 +/- 12; NAG, 97.6 +/- 11.4; P < 0.05) but not sulfated glycosaminoglycan. Transport experiments revealed no significant differences in mannitol transfer or osmotic flow. Changes were seen in hydrostatic pressure-driven flux (microl x min(-1) x cm(-2): C, 0.676 +/- 0.133; G, 0.317 +/- 0.124; NAG, 0.284 +/- 0.117; P < 0.05) and albumin transfer (microl x min(-1) x cm(-2): C, 0.331 +/- 0.028; G, 0.286 +/- 0.026; NAG, 0.229 +/- 0.025; P < 0.04). We conclude that alteration of the interstitial matrix correlates with diminished hydraulic conductivity and macromolecular transport.
Research on Vehicle Taillight Detection and Semantic Recognition Based on Internet of Vehicle (2018)

Internet of Things(IOT) technology provides sufficient information technology and necessary decision-making basis for intelligent transportation. Internet of vehicles(IOV) is based on the architecture of the perception layer, network layer, and application layer. This article focuses on the tail light status in the perception layer of automotive active safety systems and proposes a method of vehicle taillamp detection and recognition based on active contour extraction and color feature analysis to solve the problem of information perception against the front vehicle. First, the front vehicles are detected and extracted by convolutional neural network and active contour models. Second, it analyzes the characteristics of taillamp pair and then segment the correct taillamp pair by color space conversion and location correlation principle. On this basis, the histograms distribution of taillamp are analyzed in different states and complete the recognition of taillamp. The experimental results show that the method can accurately identify the taillamp signal of the front vehicle in the daytime and effectively reduce the rate of false judgement caused by light interference.
579. In-Vivo Time Course of Reporter Gene Expression after Nucleic Acid Delivery to the Lateral Ventricle in Rat Brain (2005)

Transient expression of a therapeutic protein can be accomplished by delivery of nonviral nucleic acid-cationic lipid complexes to target tissue(s). We have previously reported the successful wide spread CNS expression of Hsp70 as well as the reporter genes eGFP and firefly luciferase after delivery of nucleic acid-cationic lipid complexes to the lateral ventricle in the rat brain1, 2. We now report on the in-vivo time course of protein activity following nonviral gene delivery. Nucleic acid (cDNA or mRNA) encoding the reporter gene firefly luciferase complexed with the cationic lipid MLRI was injected into the CSF in the lateral ventricle. Time course of luciferase expression was followed using optical imaging (Xenogen IVIS). Our results show wide spread CNS expression consistent with our previously reported results. In addition, the time course of protein activity after injection of a plasmid carrying luciferase cDNA shows peak expression approximately 72 hours after vector delivery. In vitro data from CHO, NIH3T3, and primary neuronal cells transfected with the same vectors demonstrate a peak somewhat earlier, at approximately 48 hours (unpublished results). Luciferase activity in vivo drops off rapidly after 72 hours, but residual activity has been detected up to 18 days after delivery of the vector. Preliminary data after injection of mRNA-cationic lipid complex into the lateral ventricle demonstrates a more rapid increase and decay of CNS expression of luciferase. Results of the time course of expression of luciferase after cDNA or mRNA delivery will be presented as a series of sequential in vivo images, with region-of-interest (ROI) analysis.