gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Semantic Concept Annotation for Tabular Data (2021)

Determining the semantic concepts of columns in tabular data is of use for many applications ranging from data integration, cleaning, search to feature engineering and model building in machine learning. Several prior works have proposed supervised learning-based or heuristic-based approaches to semantic type annotation. These techniques suffer from poor generalizability over a large number of concepts or examples. Recent neural network based supervised learning methods generalize to different datasets but require large amounts of curated training data and also present scalability issues. Furthermore, none of the known methods works well for numerical data. We present C2, a system that maps each column to a concept based on a maximum likelihood estimation approach through ensembles. It is able to effectively utilize vast amounts of, albeit somewhat noisy, openly available table corpora in addition to two popular knowledge graphs (Wikidata and DBpedia), to perform effective and efficient concept annotation for tabular data. Specifically, we utilize a collection of 32 million openly available webtables from several sources. We also present efficient indexing techniques for categorical string, numeric and mixed-type data, and novel techniques for table context utilization. We demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of C2 over available techniques on 9 real-world datasets containing a wide variety of concepts.
CoFi-points (2020)

With the explosive growth of web resources, an increasingly important task in recommender systems is to provide high-quality personalized services by learning users’ preferences from historically observed information. As an effective preference learning technology, collaborative filtering has been widely extended to model the one-class or implicit feedback data, which is known as one-class collaborative filtering (OCCF). For a long time, pairwise ranking-oriented learning scheme has been viewed as a superior solution than the pointwise scheme for OCCF due to its higher accuracy in most cases. However, we argue that with appropriate model design, pointwise preference learning can achieve comparable or even better performance than the counterpart, i.e., pairwise preference learning. In particular, we propose a new preference assumption, i.e., pointwise preference on user/item-set. Based on this new assumption, we develop a novel, simple, and flexible solution called collaborative filtering via pointwise preference learning on user/item-set (CoFi-points). Furthermore, we derive two specific algorithms of CoFi-points with respect to the involved user-set and item-set, i.e., CoFi-points(u) and CoFi-points(i), referring to preference assumptions defined on user-set and item-set, respectively. Finally, we conduct extensive empirical studies on four real-world datasets with the state-of-the-art methods, and find that our solution can achieve very promising performance with respect to several ranking-oriented evaluation metrics.
Prototyping the recursive internet architecture: the IRATI project approach (2014)

In recent years, many new Internet architectures are being proposed to solve shortcomings in the current Internet. A lot of these new architectures merely extend the current TCP/IP architecture and hence do not solve the fundamental cause of these problems. The Recursive Internet Architecture (RINA) is a true new network architecture, developed from scratch, building on lessons learned in the past. RINA prototyping efforts have been ongoing since 2010, but a prototype on which a commercial RINA implementation can be built has not been developed yet. The goal of the IRATI research project is to develop and evaluate such a prototype in Linux/OS. This article focuses on the software design required to implement a network stack in Linux/OS. We motivate the placement of, and communication between, the different software components in either the kernel or user space. The first open source prototype of the IRATI implementation of RINA will be available in June 2014 for researchers, developers, and early adopters.
Hyperactivated Motility in Sperm (2003)

Hyperactivation is a movement pattern seen in sperm at the site and time of fertilization in mammals. It may be critical to the success of fertilization, because it enhances the ability of sperm to detach from the wall of the oviduct, to move around in the labyrinthine lumen of the oviduct, to penetrate mucous substances and, finally, to penetrate the zona pellucida of the oocyte. The movement of hyperactivated sperm appears different under different physical conditions and in different species, but basically it involves an increase in flagellar bend amplitude and, usually, beat asymmetry. Presumably, a signal or signals exist in the oviduct to initiate hyperactivation at the appropriate time; however, none has yet been identified with certainty. While the signal transduction cascade regulating hyperactivation remains to be completely described, it is clear that calcium ions interact with the axoneme of the flagellum to switch on hyperactivation. Although hyperactivation often occurs during the process of capacitation, the two events are regulated by somewhat different pathways.
Adaptive optimizing filter for inter-layer intra prediction in SVC (2009)

Several inter-layer prediction techniques are adopted in the H.264 Scalable Video Coding Extension to increase the compression efficiency. For spatial scalable intra-coded frames, the prediction of macroblock in the enhancement layer is obtained by upsampling the co-located reconstructed block in the base layer. This inter-layer intra prediction can remove the redundancies between the different layers; however, its performance is limited by the non-ideal upsampling filter and the coding losses of base layer. In order to improve the performance of the inter-layer intra prediction, we propose an optimizing filtering method to enhance the prediction signal in this paper. Adaptive Wiener filters, which are calculated for each slice independently, are used to generate a prediction signal with minimum error energy in a statisitcal way. After this optimizing, the coding efficiency can be increased progressively. Experiments show that up to 6.45% and 15.45% bit rate reduction is achieved for QCIF-CIF scenario and CIF-4CIF scenario, respectively.
Design and implement of a modularized CNC interpreter based on the integration of tool path planning module (2012)

Traditional CNC (computer numerical control) system which Based on ISO 6983 [1] is separated from the CAM module, so some important information such as 3D geometry, tolerance information and surface roughness is lost that information can not be completely transferred between CNC system and CAM. In order to improve the functionality and expansibility of the existing CNC interpretation technique, a new model of NC program interpreter is proposed which is divided into three modules. Based on the control of the central management module, the modularized CNC interpreter module can call the tool path planning module directly. A prototype system which verified the validity of the proposed method was proposed and the experimental result shows that the new CNC interpreter system can improve the interpretation efficiency significantly.
Design and Fabrication of Novel Stretchable Device Arrays on a Deformable Polymer Substrate with Embedded Liquid‐Metal Interconnections (2014)

Stretchable devices are fabricated on a newly designed deformable substrate. Active devices attached on the stiff islands are electrically connected by an embedded EGaIn interconnection, which ensures protection from external damage. In this structure, the local strain in the active device area is estimated to be less than 1% under applied strain of 30% by analysis of the strain distribution using the finite element method.
Information rate bounds in common‐mode aided wireline communications (2005)

Abstract Communication over the copper twisted‐pair channel is performed by transmitting and receiving differential‐mode (DM) signals. In this paper, we extend the conventional DM receiver scheme by incorporating the common‐mode (CM) signal, which is strongly correlated with the DM signal and can be extracted at the end of every wire pair. The wireline channel, including the CM receive signal, is modelled as a Gaussian vector (multiple‐input multiple‐output) channel with memory and an arbitrary number of disturbers that introduce interference which can be correlated both temporally and spatially. We investigate the potential of CM‐aided reception in terms of information rate for single‐user digital subscriber line systems (xDSL) operating on a single pair. Numerical results of information rate calculations using measured channel data are presented. The achievable information rate of the twisted‐pair channel when incorporating the CM signal in practically relevant example scenarios can exceed the information rate of the conventional DM channel by a factor of up to two. Copyright © 2005 AEIT.
Quantized Anomalous Hall Effect in Magnetic Topological Insulators (2010)

The anomalous Hall effect is a fundamental transport process in solids arising from the spin-orbit coupling. In a quantum anomalous Hall insulator, spontaneous magnetic moments and spin-orbit coupling combine to give rise to a topologically nontrivial electronic structure, leading to the quantized Hall effect without an external magnetic field. Based on first-principles calculations, we predict that the tetradymite semiconductors Bi2Te3, Bi2Se3, and Sb2Te3 form magnetically ordered insulators when doped with transition metal elements (Cr or Fe), in contrast to conventional dilute magnetic semiconductors where free carriers are necessary to mediate the magnetic coupling. In two-dimensional thin films, this magnetic order gives rise to a topological electronic structure characterized by a finite Chern number, with the Hall conductance quantized in units of e2/h (where e is the charge of an electron and h is Planck's constant).
Anti‐inflammatory and chondroprotective effects of nutraceuticals from Sasha's Blend in a cartilage explant model of inflammation (2007)

New Zealand green lipped mussel (NZGLM), abalone (AB), and shark cartilage (SC) are extensively used for treatment of and/or as preventatives for arthritis, despite a relative paucity of scientific evidence for efficacy. This research integrated a simulated digestion protocol with ultrafiltration and cartilage explants to generate new information on the anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective properties of NZGLM, SC, and AB. Each nutraceutical was artificially digested using simulated gastric and intestinal fluids, and the crude digest was ultrafiltered (50 kDa). Each filtrate was applied individually to cartilage explants before the explants were stimulated with IL-1 to induce an acute inflammatory response. Media were collected daily for 48 h and analyzed for prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), glycosaminoglycan (GAG), and nitric oxide (NO), and cartilage tissue was differentially stained to determine the relative proportion of live and dead cells. SC and NZGLM significantly inhibited IL-1-induced PGE(2) synthesis and IL-1-induced GAG release, and AB was an effective inhibitor of IL-1-induced NO production. The three test nutraceuticals affect at least three major pathways involved in the catabolic cycle of arthritis and may prove important treatments and/or preventatives for the pain and degradation associated with this condition. The methodology and results describe a useful model for evaluating dietary nutraceuticals in vitro.
Software in Automotive Systems (2010)

Electronics and software are leading innovation in automotive systems today. Industry partners are developing a global standard to master the growing complexity of these systems and enable reuse.
Une recherche cartographique : genèse et combinaison des chorèmes du Brésil (1986)

La cartographie est un outil de recherche : de l’analyse d’une série de cartes du Brésil on peut tirer un chorème du front pionnier, qui est ensuite combiné graphiquement et logiquement avec d’autres pour construire un modèle général des contrastes régionaux.
Evaluation of several lightweight stochastic context-free grammars for RNA secondary structure prediction (2004)

Four SCFG designs had prediction accuracies near the performance of current energy minimization programs. One of these designs, introduced by Knudsen and Hein in their PFOLD algorithm, has only 21 free parameters and is significantly simpler than the others.
Laser action at 3 μm in a hydrogen discharge (1982)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text W. B. McKnight and T. A. Barr, "Laser action at 3 μm in a hydrogen discharge," Appl. Opt. 21, 357-358 (1982) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Decoration of Gold Nanoparticles on Surface-Grown Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Detection of Every Nanotube by Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (2009)

An electroless deposition method comprised of seed formation and subsequent seeded growth is developed for the decoration of surface-grown single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with gold nanoparticles of controlled size and interparticle distance. The density of the gold nanoparticles is determined by the density of seeds. Gold seeds are used for the SWCNT arrays grown on SiO(x)/Si substrates. For the dense SWCNT arrays on quartz, palladium seeds are used because it is much easier to obtain higher quantities of seeds. Attributed to both the seed formation specified on SWCNTs and the succedent efficient seeded growth process, the gold nanoparticles deposit on SWCNTs with very high selectivity. This electroless method shows no selectivity on types, defects, and conductivity of the SWCNTs, and thus ensures the uniform decoration of all SWCNTs on the wafer. Most importantly, this method provides the possibility to realize the optimal configurations of gold nanoparticles on SWCNTs for obtaining maximal surface-enhanced effects and consequently surface-enhanced Raman spectrum (SERS) of each SWCNT. Thus, both the in situ Raman detection of every SWCNT including those nonresonant with laser energy and the observation of the radial breathing modes of SWCNTs originally undetectable with resonance Raman spectroscopy are achieved. Further investigations over the effect of the laser wavelength and the interparticle distance on the SERS enhancement factors of SWCNTs prove that the coupled surface plasmon resonance absorption of the high-density gold nanoparticles decorated on SWCNTs contributes most to the strong surface enhancement.
Results of Physical Therapy for Idiopathic Clubfoot: A Long-Term Follow-up Study (1990)

Physical therapy without anesthesia or plaster casts was used to treat 338 cases of clubfoot (CF). Our technique is based on progressive sequential manipulations at birth. We first reduce the varus and later the equinus component of the CF. The gentle stretches used in this technique are complemented by active physiotherapy stimulating the muscles, and then a simple splint is suited to the foot to fix its degree of realignment. When used alone, this technique achieves 77% good and fair results. In resistant cases, complementary surgery was used. We obtained 96% good and fair results.
Partial purification and properties of calf thymus deoxyribonucleic acid dependent RNA polymerase III (1975)

DNA-dependent RNA polymerase III (nucleosidetriphosphate: RNA nucleotidyltransferase, EC 2.7.-7.6) has been isolated and partially purified from calf thymus tissue. Significant amounts of enzyme III are present in this tissue (up to 15% of the total activity of thymus homogenates). This enzyme has been characterized with respect to its chromatographic properties, broad ammonium sulfate optimum (0.04-0.2 M), template requirements, divalent metal optima, and its unique alpha-amanitin sensitivity (50% inhibition of activity occurring at an alpha-amanitin concentration of 10 mug/ml).
Torque Measurements of Corotating Disks in an Axisymmetric Enclosure (1991)

Torque measurements, which can be related to viscous dissipation, were made in a simulated disk drive consisting of a single or multiple corotating disk stack enclosed in an axisymmetric shroud. The effects of rotational velocity, axial and radial spacing, and the position and thickness of simulated read/write arms between disks on torque were studied. Correlations are presented to describe the results of the unobstructed cases and the cases with the read/write arms at their innermost position, and a method is introduced to calculate the torque at intermediate arm positions.
Transistor-Level Layout of Integrated Circuits (2014)

In this dissertation, we present the toolchain BonnCell and its underlying algorithms. It has been developed in close cooperation with the IBM Corporation and automatically generates the geometry for functional groups of 2 to approximately 50 transistors. Its input consists of a set of transistors, including properties like their sizes and their types, a specification of their connectivity, and parameters to flexibly control the technological framework as well as the algorithms' behavior.<br /> Using this data, the tool computes a detailed geometric realization of the circuit as polygonal shapes on 16 layers. To this end, a placement routine configures the transistors and arranges them in the plane, which is the main subject of this thesis. Subsequently, a routing engine determines wires connecting the transistors to ensure the circuit's desired functionality.<br /> We propose and analyze a family of algorithms that arranges sets of transistors in the plane such that a multi-criteria target function is optimized. The primary goal is to obtain solutions that are as compact as possible because chip area is a valuable resource in modern techologies. In addition to the core algorithms we formulate variants that handle particularly structured instances in a suitable way.<br /> We will show that for 90% of the instances in a representative test bed provided by IBM, BonnCell succeeds to generate fully functional layouts including the placement of the transistors and a routing of their interconnections.<br /> Moreover, BonnCell is in wide use within IBM's groups that are concerned with transistor-level layout - a task that has been performed manually before our automation was available. Beyond the processing of isolated test cases, two large-scale examples for applications of the tool in the industry will be presented: On the one hand the initial design phase of a large SRAM unit required only half of the expected 3 month period, on the other hand BonnCell could provide valuable input aiding central decisions in the early concept phase of the new 14 nm technology generation.
Electroretinogram measurements of cone spectral sensitivity in dichromatic monkeys (1984)

The corneal electroretinogram (ERG) was used to investigate the spectral sensitivities of cones in 12 dichromatic squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) whose color-vision capacities were established in behavioral tests. Three different varieties of dichromacy were represented among these animals. A flicker-photometric procedure was used in which the ERG response to a rapidly flickering monochromatic test light was compared with the response elicited by a similarly flickering reference light. The spectral-sensitivity functions obtained by the use of this technique are similar to previous estimates of cone spectral sensitivity in dichromatic squirrel monkeys derived from direct microspectrophotometric measurements.
Pubertal aberrancy. Etiology and clinical approach. (1984)

A study of 252 patients with pubertal aberrancy was done at the Medical College of Georgia. Patients were classified into hypogonadal and eugonadal categories. Ovarian failure is the most common cause of delayed sexual development. Congenital absence of the uterus and vagina and physiologic delay of puberty follow as frequently diagnosed etiologies. Pubertal aberrancy is no longer considered a benign entity since it is associated with morbidity, mortality and significant compromise of reproductive potential. The physical, emotional and social well-being of these patients is dependent upon expedient evaluation and treatment and on appropriate education and counseling.
Polar Coding Strategies for the Interference Channel With Partial-Joint Decoding (2018)

Existing polar coding schemes for the two-user interference channel follow the original idea of Han and Kobayashi, in which component messages are encoded independently and then mapped by some deterministic functions (i.e., homogeneous superposition coding). In this paper, we propose a new polar coding scheme for the interference channel based on the heterogeneous superposition coding approach of Chong, Motani, and Garg. We prove that fully joint decoding (the receivers simultaneously decode both senders' common messages and the intended sender's private message) in the Han-Kobayashi strategy can be simplified to two types of partial-joint decoding, which are friendly to polar coding with practical decoding algorithms. The proposed coding scheme requires less auxiliary random variables and no deterministic functions and can be efficiently constructed. Furthermore, we extend this result to interference networks and show that partial-joint decoding is a general method for designing heterogeneous superposition polar coding schemes in interference networks.
Heat Shock Protein A6, a Novel HSP70, Is Induced During Enterovirus A71 Infection to Facilitate Internal Ribosomal Entry Site-Mediated Translation (2021)

Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is a human pathogen causing hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in children. Its infection can lead to severe neurological diseases or even death in some cases. While being produced in a large quantity during infection, viral proteins often require the assistance from cellular chaperones for proper folding. In this study, we found that heat shock protein A6 (HSPA6), whose function in viral life cycle is scarcely studied, was induced and functioned as a positive regulator for EV-A71 infection. Depletion of HSPA6 led to the reductions of EV-A71 viral proteins, viral RNA and virions as a result of the downregulation of internal ribosomal entry site (IRES)-mediated translation. Unlike other HSP70 isoforms such as HSPA1, HSPA8, and HSPA9, which regulate all phases of the EV-A71 life, HSPA6 was required for the IRES-mediated translation only. Unexpectedly, the importance of HSPA6 in the IRES activity could be observed in the absence of viral proteins, suggesting that HSPA6 facilitated IRES activity through cellular factor(s) instead of viral proteins. Intriguingly, the knockdown of HSPA6 also caused the reduction of luciferase activity driven by the IRES from coxsackievirus A16, echovirus 9, encephalomyocarditis virus, or hepatitis C virus, supporting that HSPA6 may assist the function of a cellular protein generally required for viral IRES activities.
Wilson’s disease: A review of what we have learned (2015)

Wilson's disease (WD), which results from the defective ATP7B protein product, is characterized by impaired copper metabolism and its clinical consequences vary from an asymptomatic state to fulminant hepatic failure, chronic liver disease with or without cirrhosis, neurological, and psychiatric manifestations. A high grade of suspicion is warranted to not miss cases of WD, especially less florid cases with only mild elevation of transaminases, or isolated neuropsychiatric involvement. Screening in first and second relatives of index cases is mandatory, and treatment must commence upon establishment of diagnosis. Treatment strategies include chelators such as D-penicillamine and trientine, while zinc salts act as inductors of methallothioneins, which favor a negative copper balance and a reduction of free plasmatic copper. As an orphan disease, research is lacking in this field, especially regarding therapeutic strategies which are associated with better patient compliance and which could eventually also reverse established injury.