gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of New Foaming Agent for Metal Foam (2002)

The study of metallic foams has become attractive to researchers interested in both scientific and industrial applications. The different production methods have not been widely utilized because of difficult process control and high production costs. A new easily-available agent for metal foaming, calcium carbonate, is suggested in this work. An established ion-exchange method was employed for a novel purpose—the coating of calcium carbonate powder with fluoride for wettability enhancement. Effect of coating was considered by the examination of wetting behavior of coated and uncoated CaCO3 by the Al melt. It was determined that coated carbonate produced metallic foam with density comparable to that of samples treated by titanium hydride (∼ 1×103 kg·m−3) and much less then the density of samples obtained by uncoated carbonate (1.7×103 kg·m−3). It was also observed that coated carbonate ensured aluminum foam with smaller pores (1.1×10−3 m) than when the conventional foaming agent, titanium hydride, is used (1.8×10−3 m). The present study shows that calcium carbonate is highly applicable to foamed metal production.
Conditional Access Control for Encrypted SVC Bitstream (2006)

In this paper, we propose a method of conditional access control for encrypted SVC(scalable video coding) bitstream. The main purpose of the proposition is to provide a SVC suitable encryption algorithm and a efficient method for conditional access control using encrypted SVC bitstream. We analyzed requirements for conditional access control of a SVC bitstream. And based on the analysis, we proposed encryption algorithm suitable for SVC bitstream and a method of conditional access control of the encryped bitstream. The proposed conditional access control for encrypted SVC bitstream is performed by bitsream extraction and selective decryption. We verified the usefulness of the proposed method through experiments.
Infrared Fiber Optic Sensor for Petroleum (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfrared Fiber Optic Sensor for PetroleumZhengfang. Ge, Chris W. Brown, and James J. AlbertsCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1995, 29, 4, 878–882Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00004a007https://doi.org/10.1021/es00004a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views140Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Electrophoretic display comprising black, white, red, and yellow particles (2022)

Abstract A four‐particle electrophoretic display (EPD), Spectra™ 3100, was released in 2021. It targets electronic shelf label applications and signage applications by providing four primary optical states of black, white, red, and yellow, as well as dithering capability to show graphic images. Specially engineered black, white, red, and yellow particles in the electrophoretic ink respond to different electric fields to show pigment intrinsic colors on the display. The imaging film produced from this technology can reach a typical contrast ratio of 30:1 while maintaining a maximum driving voltage of ±15 V. The vibrant red and yellow colors are ideal for highlighting. Consistent optical performances are achieved for all four optical states across the operating temperature range of 0°C to 40°C for a typical indoor environment. The electrophoretic ink is coated and sealed in a thin‐film Microcup® structure using an additive and high yield roll‐to‐roll manufacturing process to produce the imaging film. Active matrix (AM) module integration follows the conventional EPD module production process of lamination between the imaging film and thin‐film transistor (TFT) backplane.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Nanoparticles Entrapped in Siliceous Mesocellular Foam: A New Catalyst Support. (2012)

Abstract A new catalyst support is prepared by immobilization of γ‐Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles in the cage‐like pores of siliceous mesocellular foam.
Chromocene‐based catalysts for ethylene polymerization: Kinetic parameters (1973)

Abstract The chromocene catalyst for ethylene polymerization shows a high response to hydrogen which leads directly to highly saturated polyethylenes containing methyl groups as the major terminal functionality in the polymers. At a polymerization temperature of 90°C the ratio of termination rate constants for hydrogen ( k H ) and ethylene ( k M ) is k H / k M = 3.60 × 10 3 . The ratio of k H to the chain propagation constant ( k p ) is k H / k p = 4.65 × 10 −1 A simple relation that can be derived from polymerization kinetics and the Quackenbos equation exists between melt index and hydrogen–ethylene ratio. A deuterium isotope effect ( k H / k D ) = 1.2 was calculated for the termination reaction. The overall polymerization process has an apparent activation energy of 10.1 kcal/mole. Oxygen addition studies show catalyst activity is proportional to initial divalent chromium content.
Mass Spectrometric Detection of Gaseous Hydrogen Peroxide in Ambient Air Using Dielectric Barrier Discharge as an Excitation Source (2009)

Abstract Real-time detection of gaseous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in ambient air is an important subject for public safety and security. We have developed a mass spectrometric detection system for gaseous H2O2 using dielectric barrier discharge as the excitation source for metastable rare gas atoms. The O2− ion produced by Penning ionization of ambient air forms a stable cluster ion [H2O2+O2]− which is detected by an orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometer. No interference by the moisture in the air was observed.
Synthesis of Single Phased Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O Superconductor (1990)

Abstract We studied high-Tc phase formation (Tc ∼110 K) of bulk samples and films of the Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconducting systems. We investigated the role of Ca2PbO4 in high-Tc phase formation. In the Pb-doped Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system, Ca2PbO4 is formed at around 750°C. During the formation of the high-Tc phase, Ca2PbO4 decreases as the firing time increases. The bulk high-Tc phase was synthesized by adding Ca2PbO4 to a mixture of the 80 K phase, the 10 K phase and CuO. The synthesized bulk consists mainly of the high-Tc phase, as determined by X-ray diffraction and magnetization measurments. It seems that the synthesis process of the high-Tc phase formation is accelerated by a reaction between the 80 K phase, CuO and Ca2+ in the liquid phase which is composed of a Ca-Pb oxide flux.
Biological activity and DNA Sequence Specificity of Synthetic Carbamoyl Analogues of Distamycin (1997)

A new penta(N-methylpyrrole carboxamide) analogue of the antibiotic distamycin has been synthesized in which the N-terminal formylamino group was replaced by a carbamoyl moiety. It was substantially more stable than distamycin in aqueous solution and bound to DNA with about the same affinity constant. It had an exemplary margin of selectivity against herpes simplex virus type 1-infected HEp-2 cells in culture compared to uninfected control cells, and was equipotent with distamycin. For comparison, data for analogues containing fewer N-methylpyrrole carboxamide units and/or lacking the carbamoyl replacement are presented. Extensive DNase I footprinting experiments were conducted and revealed that all the distamycin analogues bound to AT-rich nucleotide sequences in three different restriction fragments, irrespective of how many pyrrole rings or which terminal moiety they contained. However, the relative strength of footprints differed significantly among the various compounds, though the apparent size of the binding site did not. With semi-synthetic DNA containing inosine and 2,6-diaminopurine residues in place of guanosine and adenine, respectively, the compounds recognized new binding sites composed of IC-rich clusters and were excluded from binding to their canonical sites. This showed that the process of specific sequence recognition was critically dominated by the placement of the purine 2-amino group in the minor groove of the double helix.
US-assisted bronchoscopy with use of miniature transducer-containing catheters. (1994)

These preliminary results suggest that this US procedure may become an important diagnostic tool during bronchoscopy, due to the ability to identify structures beyond the lumen of the tracheobronchial tree.
Antimicrobial Activity of Antrodia camphorata Extracts against Oral Bacteria (2014)

Antrodia camphorata (A. camphorata) is a unique, endemic and extremely rare mushroom species native to Taiwan, and both crude extracts of and purified chemical compounds from A. camphorata have been reported to have a variety of significant beneficial effects, such as anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activity. However, reports on the effects of A. camphorata against dental pathogens have been limited. Oral health is now recognized as important for overall general health, including conditions such as dental caries, periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) are the most common bacteria associated with dental plaque and periodontopathic diseases, respectively. Thus, our study examined the ability of five various crude extracts of A. camphorata to inhibit the growth of dental bacteria and anti-adherence in vitro. Among the extracts, the ethanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts exhibited the lowest MICs against P. gingivalis and S. mutans (MIC = 4∼16 µg/mL). The MIC of the aqueous extract was greater than 2048 µg/mL against both P. gingivalis and S. mutans. In vitro adherence of S. mutans was significantly inhibited by the addition of either the ethyl acetate extract or chloroform extract (MIC = 16∼24 µg/mL), while the ethanol extract (MIC = 32∼64 µg/mL) exhibited moderate inhibitory activity. Based on the result of this study, the ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts of A. camphorata may be good candidates for oral hygiene agents to control dental caries and periodontopathic conditions.
SU‐FF‐J‐102: A New Method for Improving PET and CT Registration in the Thorax On PET/CT (2005)

Purpose: We propose a new method of acquiring the CT data to improve the registration of the PET and CT data in imaging the thorax on PET/CT. Method and Materials: In a conventional PET/CT acquisition, the CT and PET data are acquired at two different breathing states. There is an inherent mismatch of the PET and CT because the temporal resolutions of the PET and CT are not matched. We have proposed a new method of acquiring the average CT (ACT) data from the 4D‐CT imaging to provide the CT data consistent with the PET data on temporal resolution. We have applied this approach to one esophagus and seven lung patients. The helical CT data were taken helically at 120 kV, 300 mA, pitch 1.35:1, 8×2.5 mm collimation, and 0.5 s rotation and the patients were instructed to hold a breath at mid‐expiration during the HCT of the thorax. The PET acquisition was 3 mins per bed. The 4D‐CT data of the thorax were taken right after the PET/CT study at 120 kV, 50 to 150 mA, cine duration of one breathing cycle plus 1 s, 8×2.5 mm collimation, and 0.5 s CT rotation cycle. We compared the registration between the ACT and PET data, and the registration between the HCT and PET data. Results: The PET and ACT data were all consistent at all tumor locations. The mismatch between the HCT and PET data were significantly improved on 4 out of the 8 patients with the ACT data over the HCT data. Conclusion: We have proposed the use of the ACT to improve the registration of the PET and CT data, and demonstrated a significant improvement in lesion localization between the PET and ACT data.
Insecticidal potency of novel compounds on multiple insect species of medical and veterinary importance (2010)

Laboratory quantification of LC(50) values and field efficacy of three semiochemicals as formulated compounds on mosquitoes, houseflies, stable flies and sand flies showed that these semiochemicals could serve as potent insecticides for multiple insect species.
Antiantiidiotypic Response and Clinical Course of the Disease in Patients with Malignant Melanoma Immunized with Mouse Antiidiotypic Monoclonal Antibody MK2-23 (1995)

An active specific immunotherapy trial has been implemented in patients with malignant melanoma utilizing the mouse anti-id MAb MK2-23. The latter bears the internal image of the determinant by the anti-HMW-MAA MAb 763.74. The immunogenicity of anti-id MAb MK2-23 is enhanced by conjugation to a carrier and administration with an adjuvant. Anti-id MAb MK2-23 induced humoral anti-HMW-MAA immunity in about 60% of the immunized patients. The latter was associated with a statistically significant survival prolongation. It is suggested that anti-HMW-MAA immunity may have a beneficial effect on the clinical course of the disease by inhibiting the function of HMW-MAA in the biology of melanoma cells.
Automatic Detection of Intestinal Juices in Wireless Capsule Video Endoscopy (2006)

Wireless capsule video endoscopy is a novel and challenging clinical technique, whose major reported drawback relates to the high amount of time needed for video visualization. In this paper, we propose a method for the rejection of the parts of the video resulting not valid for analysis by means of automatic detection of intestinal juices. We applied Gabor filters for the characterization of the bubble-like shape of intestinal juices in fasting patients. Our method achieves a significant reduction in visualization time, with no relevant loss of valid frames. The proposed approach is easily extensible to other image analysis scenarios where the described pattern of bubbles can be found
Persistent applications via automatic recovery (2003)

Building highly available enterprise applications using Web-oriented middleware is hard. Runtime implementations frequently do not address the problems of application state persistence and fault-tolerance, placing the burden of managing session state and, in particular, handling system failures on application programmers. This paper describes Phoenix/APP, a runtime service based on the notion of recovery guarantees. Phoenix/APP transparently masks failures and automatically recovers component-based applications. This both increases application availability and simplifies application development. We demonstrate the feasibility of this approach by describing the design and implementation of Phoenix/APP in Microsoft's .NET runtime and present results on the cost of persisting and recovering component-based applications.
Focusing of Airborne Particles Using Groove-Induced Envelope (GRIP) Flow Air-Microfluidic Concentrator (2019)

Monitoring personal exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) necessitates the need for ubiquitous portable PM sensing systems. Most current microfluidic PM detectors will be significantly improved if the particles suspended in the air-stream are focused into a narrow stream. In this paper, we present a novel microfabricated groove-induced envelope flow (GRIP) air-microfluidic PM focusing system. In this device, the horizontal focusing is achieved by enveloping the main flow using clean sheath flow from the sides of the microchannels, while vertical focusing is achieved using grooved structures on top and bottom of the microchannels. The grooves are fabricated using a novel fabrication technique that is compatible with the DRIE fabrication process of other air-microfluidics PM sensors, making it easier to integrate these two components into small air-microfluidic circuits. The performance of this system was evaluated using the opto-gravimetric method. Mono-dispersed polystyrene latex spheres were injected into the GRIP system and subsequently collected on membrane filters attached to the outlet. Epi-fluorescent microscopy was then used to image the distribution of the particles on the filter. The experimental results confirm that the efficiency of the GRIP device for focusing particles in air-microfluidic channels, enabling increased sensitivity and elimination of wall losses in future micro-electro-mechanical-systems PM sensor.
EXTRACTION OF CESIUM AND STRONTIUM INTO HYDROCARBON SOLVENTS USING TETRA-C-ALKYL COBALT DICARBOLLIDE (1995)

ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Tetra-C-alkyl derivatives of cobalt dicarbollide, CO(C2R2B9H9)2- (CoB2-R4 -R; = CH3, C6H13) are examined as potential cesium and strontium extractants for acidic and alkaline solutions. The mechanism of cobalt dicarbollide extraction is characterized, and extended into new non-toxic solvent systems. Extractions using 0.01 M H+CoB2-hexyl4 - in mesitylene and iethylbenzene are compared to 0.01 M H+CoB2 - in nitrobenzene. H+CoB2-hexyl4 - in diethylbenzene shows improved selectivity (104) forCs over Na in acidic solution. In dilute alkaline solution (0.01 M NaOH), H+CoB2 -hexyl4 - extracts Cs less efficiently, but more effectively removes Sr at higher base concentrations (1.0 M NaOH). Other aspects of the H+CoB2-hexyl4 -/hydrocarbon performace are comparable to the previously known H+CoB2 -/nitrobenzene extractant.
Simulating nephron ion transport function using activated wafer electrodeionization (2020)

Abstract Current approaches for treating patients with end stage renal disease include hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, both of which are diffusion-based treatments that require a dialysate solution. The native kidney has separate filtration (glomerulus) and transport (nephron) capabilities. Although artificial methods for simulating glomerular function using membrane ultrafiltration have been proposed, there are no known technologies for simulating the ion transport functions of the nephron. Here we have created a synthetic nephron using activated wafer electrodeionization (AWEDI). AWEDI incorporates mesh electrodes within an electrodeionization wafer, allowing ion selectivity and transport rate to be modulated independently. We demonstrate the capabilities of AWEDI with several physiologically relevant ions which mimic the fine control of ion transport by the kidney. Furthermore, by integrating our AWEDI technology with ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis modules, the possibility of incorporating AWEDI technology in an artificial kidney is demonstrated.
Experimental Study and Economic Analysis of Heavy Oil Partial Upgrading by Solvent Deasphalting–Hydrotreating (2017)

Technical and economical evaluations were carried out for upgrading of heavy crude oil by a combined scheme of deasphalting and hydrotreating. Deasphalted oil was obtained at 60 °C temperature, 25 kgf/cm2 pressure, 5:1 solvent/oil ratio, and 1 h residence time, using n-heptane as the solvent. The deasphalted oil product was upgraded by means of hydrotreating at low severity reaction conditions: 360 °C temperature, 60 kgf/cm2 pressure, and 4 h reaction time. The technical and economic analyses demonstrated that the upgrading scheme is an appropriate option for producing transportable oil.
Aptamer-based label-free electrochemical biosensors for the diagnosis of sickle cell anemia (2023)

Sickle cell Anemia (SCA) is a widespread disease that causes hemolysis of blood cells, anemia, painful episodes, organ damage, and in some cases death. Early diagnosis of sickle cell anemia is significantly useful to reduce the mortality rate and manage the disease effectively. Here, we report the selection and characterization of specific aptamers against hemoglobin A (HbA) and hemoglobin S (HbS) and their integration into the electrochemical sensing platforms. The aptamers which have the highest binding affinities toward HbA and HbS are HbA17 and HbS 4 with dissociation constants of 13.5 and 57.5 nM, respectively. Thiol-modified aptamers were immobilized on screen-printed gold electrodes (Au-SPE) and used for the label-free detection of HbA and HbS using square wave voltammetry. The voltammetric aptasensors showed high selectivity and specificity toward HbA and HbS. A cross-reactivity tests were performed showing no response when the aptasensors were incubated with the nonspecific hemoglobin. This method enabled the detection of HbA and HbS in human whole blood showing good agreement with the electrophoresis method. This suggests a great promise of this platform for differentiating between healthy individuals (HbAA), patients with sickle-cell disease (HbSS) and carriers (HbAS).
The scent of age (2003)

In many species, older males are often preferred mates because they carry 'good' genes that account for their viability. How females discern a male's age is a matter of question. However, for animals that rely heavily on chemical communication there is some indication that an animal's age can be determined by its scent. To investigate whether there are changes in body odours with age, and if so their composition, mice were trained in a Y-maze to discriminate urine odours of donor mice of different ages: Adult (3-10 months old) and Aged (more than 17 months old). Trained mice could discriminate between these two age groups by odour alone. To determine the chemical basis for these discriminations, studies were performed using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. These analyses demonstrated differences in the ratio of urinary volatiles with age. The most prominent differences involved significantly greater amounts of 2-phenylacetamide and significantly lower amounts of methylbutyric acids in Aged animals relative to Adult animals. Fractionating and manipulating the levels of these compounds in the urine demonstrated that the mice can distinguish age based on variation in amounts of these specific compounds in the combined urine.
Composition and Gene Expression of the <i>cag</i> Pathogenicity Island in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Strains Isolated from Gastric Carcinoma and Gastritis Patients in Costa Rica (2001)

The composition and in vitro expression of the cag pathogenicity island genes in a group of Helicobacter pylori strains obtained from patients suffering from chronic gastritis-associated dyspepsia (n = 26) or gastric carcinoma (n = 17) were analyzed. No significant difference in the distribution of the 10 studied regions was found between the cases and the controls. Nine strains did not harbor any of the selected regions: eight (30.8%) isolated from patients with gastritis only and one (5.9%) from a patient with gastric carcinoma. No association was found between the number of repeated sequences at the 3' end of the cagA gene or the presence of tyrosine phosphorylation motifs and the clinical origin of the strains. The virB10 homolog gene was the sole gene studied to be significantly expressed more often in cancer strains than in gastritis strains (P = 0.03).
Purification and Characterization of (<i>S</i>)-1,3-Butanediol Dehydrogenase from<i>Candida parapsilosis</i> (1995)

(S)-1,3-Butanediol (BDO) oxidizing enzyme was purified from Candida parapsilosis IFO 1396, which could produce (R)-1,3-BDO from the racemate. The purified enzyme was an NAD(+)-dependent secondary alcohol dehydrogenase that oxidized (S)-1,3-BDO to 4-hydroxy-2-butanone stereo-specifically.