gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and analysis of a dual-input single-resonant tank LLC converter for PV applications (2018)

This paper proposes a dual-input LLC resonant converter that interfaces with two PV panels. The topology is a dual half-bridge LLC circuit with four active switches. This topology allows the two sources to share the same resonant tank for transferring energy to the load without the need for additional circuit components. A phase-shift pulse width modulation (PWM) control is employed to implement independent maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for each PV panel. Independent MPPT is achieved by varying the PWM phase shift of each source. Zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) is realized in all switches over the entire range of source voltage and load conditions. In addition, voltage stress across switches does not exceed the input PV voltage. A 500-W prototype was built to demonstrate the performance of the proposed topology. The input voltage range was selected between 25 V to 50 V with an output voltage regulated at 440 V DC. Experimental results show that the proposed converter can achieve the peak efficiency of 95.8% while maintaining a wide input voltage range and implementing MPPT for each PV panel.
Information Propagation in Prior-Image-Based Reconstruction. (2012)

Advanced reconstruction methods for computed tomography include sophisticated forward models of the imaging system that capture the pertinent physical processes affecting the signal and noise in projection measurements. However, most do little to integrate prior knowledge of the subject - often relying only on very general notions of local smoothness or edges. In many cases, as in longitudinal surveillance or interventional imaging, a patient has undergone a sequence of studies prior to the current image acquisition that hold a wealth of prior information on patient-specific anatomy. While traditional techniques tend to treat each data acquisition as an isolated event and disregard such valuable patient-specific prior information, some reconstruction methods, such as PICCS[1] and PIR-PLE[2], can incorporate prior images into a reconstruction objective function. Inclusion of such information allows for dramatic reduction in the data fidelity requirements and more robustly accommodate substantial undersampling and exposure reduction with consequent benefits to imaging speed and reduced radiation dose. While such prior-image-based methods offer tremendous promise, the introduction of prior information in the reconstruction raises significant concern regarding the accurate representation of features in the image and whether those features arise from the current data acquisition or from the prior images. In this work we propose a novel framework to analyze the propagation of information in prior-image-based reconstruction by decomposing the estimation into distinct components supported by the current data acquisition and by the prior image. This decomposition quantifies the contributions from prior and current data as a spatial map and can trace specific features in the image to their source. Such "information source maps" can potentially be used as a check on confidence that a given image feature arises from the current data or from the prior and to more quantitatively guide the selection of parameter values affecting the strength of prior information in the resulting image.
SEISMIC LITHOLOGIC MODELLING (1984)

Seismic data constitute a noise-contaminated bandlimited representation of lithologic information. Therefore, attempts to recover lithologic information, such as velocity and density of thin layers, from seismic data cannot give a unique or verifiably correct result. Nevertheless, an interpreter must produce detailed geologic models on the basis of such data. Our interactive modelling procedure quantitatively refines the model that the interpreter derives from available geologic, borehole, and seismic data. The procedure starts from the initial model and perturbs its parameters (velocity, density, and layer thickness) to find the least-squares best fit between the stacked field data and the synthetic section derived from the model. The layer parameters are explicitly varied only at selected locations along the profile and are linearly interpolated to intermediate positions. This approach is based on an assumption of smooth lateral change for parameters, and enables the process to see through much of the noise. Synthetic data tests demonstrate that, even for significantly different initial models, the procedure can find solutions that are close to the correct model. Moreover, the procedure is stable in the presence of noise and not severely dependent on the shape of the bandlimited seismic signal or on details of the initial hypothesis. Application of the method to stacked data from the Denver Basin provides evidence that an interpreter&apos;s model can be refined so as to better match the seismic data while honouring available non-seismic data as well. A low-velocity anomaly in the final solution is well correlated with a known hydrocarbon play; the anomaly disappears near the dry well. Application of the method to stacked data from widely different data environments further demonstrates the value of the technique for refining thin-layer interpretations, thus providing, in effect, a geology-based deconvolution of seismic data.
Optically Controlled Current Confinement in Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (2016)

We present a concept for optically controlled current confinement in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) based on the monolithic integration of a phototransistor. Omitting the usual oxide aperture improves the manufacturability and prevents built-in strain near the active zone. Measured continuous-wave operation characteristics of fabricated devices show hysteresis loops in the current-voltage and light-current curves or a negative differential resistance region. Moreover, the optoelectronic influence of the integrated phototransistor is compared with a regular VCSEL. Requirements for the switch-on point of the laser are defined and explained.
Recent progress in distributed optical fiber Raman photon sensors at China Jiliang University (2012)

A brief review of recent progress in researches, productions and applications of full distributed fiber Raman photon sensors at China Jiliang University (CJLU) is presented. In order to improve the measurement distance, the accuracy, the space resolution, the ability of multi-parameter measurements, and the intelligence of full distributed fiber sensor systems, a new generation fiber sensor technology based on the optical fiber nonlinear scattering fusion principle is proposed. A series of new generation full distributed fiber sensors are investigated and designed, which consist of new generation ultra-long distance full distributed fiber Raman and Rayleigh scattering photon sensors integrated with a fiber Raman amplifier, auto-correction full distributed fiber Raman photon temperature sensors based on Raman correlation dual sources, full distributed fiber Raman photon temperature sensors based on a pulse coding source, full distributed fiber Raman photon temperature sensors using a fiber Raman wavelength shifter, a new type of Brillouin optical time domain analyzers (BOTDAs) integrated with a fiber Raman amplifier for replacing a fiber Brillouin amplifier, full distributed fiber Raman and Brillouin photon sensors integrated with a fiber Raman amplifier, and full distributed fiber Brillouin photon sensors integrated with a fiber Brillouin frequency shifter. The Internet of things is believed as one of candidates of the next technological revolution, which has driven hundreds of millions of class markets. Sensor networks are important components of the Internet of things. The full distributed optical fiber sensor network (Rayleigh, Raman, and Brillouin scattering) is a 3S (smart materials, smart structure, and smart skill) system, which is easy to construct smart fiber sensor networks. The distributed optical fiber sensor can be embedded in the power grids, railways, bridges, tunnels, roads, constructions, water supply systems, dams, oil and gas pipelines and other facilities, and can be integrated with wireless networks.
High-transmission comblike optical filters (1995)

A generalized filter structure is introduced that serves as a basis for discussing high-transmission comblike (HTC) optical filters capable of being tuned between reflection peaks having linewidths that are relatively narrow compared with the line spacing. The generalized filter may consist of any structure from a single periodic element to a multiple series of filter elements; identical or similar filter elements may occur two or more times and may be spatially separated, forming optical cavities having one or more optical lengths. Here a cavity is defined as the space between identical or similar filter elements. Special cases of the generalized filter include singularly modulated quarter-wave-stack, sinusoidal (rugate), and Fabry–Perot filters as well as multiple-cavity high-order HTC filters. The individual filter elements of the last-named type have low-to-moderate reflectivity and may have either stepwise constant or sinusoidal refractive-index modulation. Prior calculations of HTC filter spectra used matrix methods; we develop an alternative perturbation approach.
Electronic shift register memory based on molecular electron-transfer reactions (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectronic shift register memory based on molecular electron-transfer reactionsJ. J. Hopfield, Jose Nelson Onuchic, and David N. BeratanCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1989, 93, 17, 6350–6357Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/j100354a017RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views194Altmetric-Citations91LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts
Comparison of Diagnostic Tests for the Detection of Equine Infectious Anemia Antibody (1989)

Two diagnostic tests are approved for detecting antibody to equine infectious anemia virus: the agar-gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test and the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A total of 420 sera from National Veterinary Services Laboratories check sets were tested with the AGID and competitive ELISA. A 100% correlation was obtained. The AGID and competitive ELISA were further used to test difficult samples with low levels of equine infectious anemia antibody (weak positives). A third test (Western blot) was also used with these weak positive samples to resolve any discordant results.
Query Evaluation on Probabilistic Databases (2006)

We describe a system that supports arbitrarily complex SQL queries with ”uncertain” predicates. The query semantics is based on a probabilistic model and the results are ranked, much like in Information Retrieval. Our main focus is query evaluation. We describe an optimization algorithm that can compute eciently most queries. We show, however, that the data complexity of some queries is #P-complete, which implies that these queries do not admit any ecient evaluation methods. For these queries we describe both an approximation algorithm and a Monte-Carlo simulation algorithm.
Writability Improvement in Perpendicular Recording Media Using Crystalline Soft Underlayer Materials (2013)

Perpendicular recording media technology faces limitation in the writability of media with high anisotropy. Therefore, alternative methods are sought to overcome this problem. Heat-assisted magnetic recording may give rise to high areal densities, but the technological process will take time. We have studied methods to improve the writability in perpendicular recording media using crystalline soft underlayer (C-SUL) materials with fcc(111) texture. One of the recording media designs consists of a simple insertion of C-SUL material between the nonmagnetic intermediate layers, thus providing a path for magnetic flux during the writing. In the alternative methods, part of the nonmagnetic intermediate layer material was replaced with C-SUL material. Overwrite improvement was observed in both the cases, indicating that the C-SUL material will play a major role in improving writability in recording media.
Photocatalytic Self‐Doped SnO<sub>2−<i>x</i></sub> Nanocrystals Drive Visible‐Light‐Responsive Color Switching (2017)

Visible-light-responsive reversible color-switching systems are attractive to many applications because visible light has superior penetration and causes far less damage to organic molecules than UV. Herein, we report that self-doping of SnO<sub>2-x</sub> nanocrystals with Sn<sup>2+</sup> red-shifts their absorption to the visible region and simultaneously produces oxygen vacancies, which can effectively scavenge photogenerated holes and thus enable the color switching of redox dyes using visible light. Wavelength-selective switching can also be achieved by coupling the photocatalytic activity of the SnO<sub>2-x</sub> NCs with the color-switching kinetics of different redox dyes. The fast light response enables the further fabrication of a solid film that can be repeatedly written on using a visible laser pen or projection printing through a photomask. This discovery represents a big step forward towards practical applications, especially in areas in which safety issues and photodamage by UV light are of concern.
Bestowing Inducibility on the Cloned Methanol Dehydrogenase Promoter (P <i> <sub>mxaF</sub> </i> ) of <i>Methylobacterium extorquens</i> by Applying Regulatory Elements of <i>Pseudomonas putida</i> F1 (2006)

PmxaF is a strong methanol-inducible promoter in Methylobacterium extorquens. When this promoter is cloned in expression vectors and used to drive heterologous gene expression, methanol inducibility is either greatly reduced or entirely lost. In order to bestow inducibility upon the cloned PmxaF promoter in expression vectors, we adopted combinational methods (regulatory elements of the Pseudomonas putida F1 cym and cmt operons and Tn7 transposon system) to control reporter gene expression at the transcriptional level in M. extorquens. An operator fragment (26 nucleotides) of the cmt operon was inserted downstream of the cloned PmxaF promoter in the broad-host-range expression vector (pCHOI3). The repressor gene (cymR) located upstream of the cym operon in P. putida F1 was amplified by PCR. To avoid cellular toxicity for M. extorquens caused by the overexpression of CymR, single and/or double copies of cymR were integrated into the chromosome of M. extorquens using the mini-Tn7 transposon system. Cultures containing the chromosomally integrated cymR gene were subsequently transformed with pCHOI3 containing modified PmxaF (i.e., PmxaF plus operator). In this construct, inducibility is afforded by cumate (p-isopropylbenzoate). In this report, we describe the inducible and tightly regulated expression of heterologous genes (bgl [for beta-galactosidase], est [for esterase], and gfp [for green fluorescent protein]) in M. extorquens. This is the first documented example of an inducible/regulated heterologous gene expression system in M. extorquens.
Mechanisms of oxidant generation by catalase (2010)

The enzyme catalase converts solar radiation into reactive oxidant species (ROS). In this study, we report that several bacterial catalases (hydroperoxidases, HP), including Escherichia coli HP-I and HP-II also generate reactive oxidants in response to ultraviolet B light (UVB). HP-I and HP-II are identical except for the presence of NADPH. We found that only one of the catalases, HPI, produces oxidants in response to UVB light, indicating a potential role for the nucleotide in ROS production. This prompts us to speculate that NADPH may act as a cofactor regulating ROS generation by mammalian catalases. Structural analysis of the NADPH domains of several mammalian catalases revealed that the nucleotide is bound in a constrained conformation and that UVB irradiation induces NADPH oxidation and positional changes. Biochemical and kinetic analysis indicate that ROS formation by the enzyme is enhanced by oxidation of the cofactor. Conformational changes following absorption of UVB light by catalase NADPH have the potential to facilitate ROS production by the enzyme.
Multi-Rate DEM With Mismatch-Noise Cancellation for DCOs in Digital PLLs (2018)

Mismatches among frequency control elements in digitally-controlled oscillators can be a significant source of phase error in digital phase-locked loops (PLLs). This paper presents a multi-rate dynamic element matching technique and an adaptive mismatch-noise cancellation (MNC) technique that work together to address this problem. The two techniques operate in background during normal PLL operation, and the MNC technique has typical cold start convergence times of a few seconds.
Development of an Early Warning Multi-criteria Fire Detection System: Analysis of Transient Fire Signatures Using a Probabilistic Neural Network. (2000)

This report describes the progress made in developing an early warning, multi-criteria, fire detection system for the Office of Naval Research (ONR) program on Damage Control: Automation for Reduced Manning (DC-ARM). In this work, the analysis of transient fire signatures is studied using a probabilistic neural network (PNN). Experiments are described to study the effects of various PNN training parameters and to determine the optimal sensor suite combination, which enables both early fire detection and high nuisance source rejection. Comparisons are made between the candidate sensor arrays, commercial fire detection systems, and sensor arrays proposed in previous reports. Recommendations and directions for future research are also given.
First demonstration of symmetric lateral NPN transistors on SOI featuring epitaxially-grown emitter/collector regions (2017)

We report the first demonstration of symmetric lateral NPN transistors on SOI having epitaxially-grown emitter/collector (E/C). Employing a novel notch-assisted epitaxy scheme, using faceted Si epi as RIE mask to expose the vertical intrinsic-base epi-seeding surfaces, the epitaxial E/C are automatically connected to extension regions for metal contact and/or for electrical probing. Healthy device I-V characteristics were obtained with post-epi RTA. The results suggest a path forward for devices suitable for low-power THz electronics applications.
Irregular Designs for Two-State Systematic with Serial Concatenated Parity Codes (2006)

The irregular repeat accumulate (IRA) codes introduced by Jin et al. (2000) are structured low density parity check (LDPC) codes that are known to perform as well as the best unstructured LDPCs. IRAs reach rates that are quite close to capacity on the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, can be both encoded and decoded in linear time, are perceived to be low complexity codes, and have been adopted into recent standards. Systematic with serially concatenated parity (S-SCP) codes were recently introduced as a class of turbo like codes with members that exhibit good performance over a wide range of block sizes, code rates, and target error probabilities. In this paper we introduce irregular designs for systematic with serially concatenated parity (Ir-S-SCP) codes and show that both for near-capacity and more practical lower-complexity designs, irregular two-state S-SCP codes can be designed to achieve the performance of IRA codes at lower complexity
Coupling Aptamers to Short Interfering RNAs as Therapeutics (2011)

RNA-based approaches are among the most promising strategies aimed at developing safer and more effective therapeutics. RNA therapeutics include small non-coding miRNAs, small interfering RNA, RNA aptamers and more recently, small activating RNAs. However, major barriers exist to the use of RNAs as therapeutics such as resistance to nucleases present in biological fluids, poor chemical stability, need of specific cell targeted delivery and easy entry into the cell. Such issues have been addressed by several recent reports that show the possibility of introducing chemical modifications in small RNAs to stabilize the molecular conformation and increase by several fold their integrity, while still preserving the functional activity. Further, several aptamers have been developed as excellent candidates for the specific recognition of cell surface targets. In the last few years, by taking advantage of recent advances in the small RNA field, molecular bioconjugates have been designed that permit specific targeting and may act as cargoes for cell internalization of small RNAs acting on gene expression that will be discussed in this review.
Clonal development and karyotype evolution during leukemogenesis of BCR/ABL transgenic mice (1992)

The Philadelphia (Ph) translocation is responsible for the generation of the chimeric BCR/ABL oncogene. The Ph chromosome constitutes the earliest detectable chromosome abnormality in chronic myelogenous leukemia and is also found in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Mice transgenic for a P190 BCR/ABL-producing DNA construct develop lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma and provide an opportunity to study early stages of the disease as well as progression. In this study, we have karyotyped the bone marrow of 10 19-day-old BCR/ABL P190 transgenic mice from a line that reproducibly develops leukemia/lymphoma. Leukemic cells from 17 terminally ill transgenic founders and progeny were also karyotyped as well as bone marrow transplant recipients of leukemic donor marrow. Karyotypically visible aberrations were absent from the early stages of BCR/ABL P190-generated leukemia and normal metaphases could be found even in the terminal stages of the disease. A high frequency of aneuploidy was found in advanced leukemia, with a marked preference for the gain of mouse chromosomes 12, 14, or 17. These results point to a primary role for BCR/ABL in leukemogenesis and suggest a destabilizing effect of the BCR/ABL gene on the regulation of cell division.