gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bio-based thermoset alloys from epoxy acrylate, sesame oil- and castor oil-derived resins: Renewable alternatives to vinyl ester and unsaturated polyester resins (2019)

This study deals with the synthesis of vegetable oil (VO)-derived formulated resins with high bio-based content (30–77%) as potential renewable alternatives to conventional fossil-based vinyl ester (VE) and unsaturated polyester (UP) resins. First, epoxy acrylate was synthesized from a commercial epoxy resin via acrylation with acrylic acid. Then, acrylated epoxidized sesame oil (AESSO) and maleated castor oil (MCO) were synthesized and spectrally characterized. Afterward, networks of VE, AESSO, and MCO or their binary blends were prepared. The curing trend of the resins was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. According to thermal and thermomechanical analysis, all of the VO-based networks possessed slightly inferior properties compared to those of VE. However, the adhesion strength of the VO-based alloying systems was higher than that of their petroleum-based counterpart based on T-peel and lap shear tests. Overall, it was concluded that the bio-resourced alloys could be considered as good alternatives to VE and UP resins, and the novel bio-resin formulations may be designed for adhesives, the polymer–matrix composites, and surface coating applications.
The associations between daily spring pollen counts, over-the-counter allergy medication sales, and asthma syndrome emergency department visits in New York City, 2002-2012 (2015)

Tree pollen peaking in mid-spring exhibit substantive impacts on allergy, and asthma exacerbations, particularly in children. Given the narrow time window of these pollen peak occurrences, public health and clinical approaches to anticipate and reduce allergy/asthma exacerbation should be developed.
Large strain lead-free ceramic materials for actuators (2009)

In this paper we present a set of (Bi <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</sub> Na <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</sub> )TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> -based lead-free ceramics which can provide large strain in response to an external electric field. An effective piezoelectric constant, S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> /E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> , as high as 830 pm/V, is obtained in optimized compositions under proper exciting conditions. This value is comparable to some soft PZT ceramics used in modern multilayer actuators. Electromechanical measurements suggest that the large strain mainly arises from 1), the high electrostrictive contribution of a non-polar phase and 2), a field induced phase transition accompanied by a volume change. The temperature and frequency dependences of the electromechanical response are presented and discussed from the point of view of phase transition dynamics. The implementation of these non-piezoelectric effects and related ceramics for actuator applications is discussed based on the material properties and practical requirements.
Fabrication of photonic crystal structures on light emitting diodes by nanoimprint lithography (2007)

Photonic crystal (PC) structures on green light emitting diodes (LED) were successfully fabricated using nanoimprint lithography. The stamp, with a two-dimensional pillar structure, was fabricated using laser interference lithography through a double exposure technique. To achieve PC structures with a precise dimension, thermal treatment of the photoresist was employed during stamp fabrication; this proved to be effective for the control of the diameter and shape of the hole. The two-dimensional PC structures, with a period of 295 nm, diameter of 180 nm and depth of 100 nm, on the green LEDs resulted in nine-fold enhancement of the photoluminescence intensity compared to the as-deposited samples without PC structures.
Modelling the Fused Panel for a Numerical Simulation of Drape (2004)

Abstract The end form of produced cloth depends on the qualities of the build material and its con-struction requirements. These can be estimated subjectively or objectively after the cloth is fi nished. The drape of the fabrics and the fused panel is one of the most signifi cant proper-ties which characterise the shape of produced cloths. Investigating the behaviour of a fused panel as a connective composite during drape is very diffi cult, as its geometrical structure and material nonlinearity are complicated. This paper presents the use of the fi nite elements method for modelling a fused panel drape. The mechanical model of a fused panel is based on the laminate theory. Comparisons between the experimental and simulated drapes of a fused panel described by visual pictures and parameters are important for describing the aesthetic shape of clothes, i.e. drape coeffi cient, drape fold number, fold depth, maximum and minimum hang. The results of numerical analysis of fused panel drape which were obtained show signifi cant promise for the additional development of research regarding the computer simulation of the behaviour of produced cloth. Key words: fused panel, drape, fi nite elements, clothing engineering.
Interferon Increases Susceptibility of Murine Pancreatic Beta Cells to Lysis by Allogeneic: <i>Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes</i> (1990)

The selective loss of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells which occurs in IDDM has been postulated to result from lysis by beta cell-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). CTL typically recognise antigen in the context of MHC class I molecules, which are normally present at low levels on beta cells. However, hyperexpression of class I antigens on islet cells has been observed in the early stages of beta cell destruction in IDDM. Since interferon-γ” (IFN-γ) is known to increase class I expression on a number of cell types, we have investigated the responses of murine beta cells to this cytokine under various conditions. Two color immunostaining followed by FACS analysis showed that on average, only 14.9 ± 3.1% of cultured beta cells were class I positive. However, a majority of beta cells could be induced to express class I after 24 hours of IFN-γ treatment, and maximal induction (80-90% positive) occurred after 48 hours. Importantly, increased class I expression on beta cells could be achieved with very low concentrations of IFN-γ (1-10U/ml). Expression of class II MHC was never detected under any of the conditions employed to up-regulate class I. Interestingly, although islet cells were only moderately susceptible to lysis by allospecific CTL, this susceptibility was markedly enhanced by prior exposure of the islets to IFN-γ. Taken together, these results suggest that beta cells are extremely susceptible to up-regulation of class I MHC molecules by IFN-γ, and that this property may render these cells particularly susceptible to lysis by autologous class I-restricted CTL. Since enhanced expression of class I frequently accompanies inflammatory responses and viral infections, this property of beta cells may account in part for their selective destruction in IDDM.
Delay and dispersion characteristics of a frequency-domain optical delay line for scanning interferometry (2003)

The reflective frequency-domain optical delay line employing a diffraction grating, a lens, and a tiltable mirror has emerged as a device particularly suitable for interferometry and optical coherence tomography. The device is comprehensively described, both theoretically and experimentally, in the context of interferometry. The variations of phase and group delay produced by the device as well as its dispersive properties are described and demonstrated experimentally.
Impact of Environmental Factors on Legionella Populations in Drinking Water (2015)

To examine the impact of environmental factors on Legionella in drinking water distribution systems, the growth and survival of Legionella under various conditions was studied. When incubated in tap water at 4 °C, 25 °C, and 32 °C, L. pneumophila survival trends varied amongst the temperatures, with the stable populations maintained for months at 25 °C and 32 °C demonstrating that survival is possible at these temperatures for extended periods in oligotrophic conditions. After inoculating coupons of PVC, copper, brass, and cast iron, L. pneumophila colonized biofilms formed on each within days to a similar extent, with the exception of cast iron, which contained 1-log less Legionella after 90 days. L. pneumophila spiked in a model drinking water distribution system colonized the system within days. Chlorination of the system had a greater effect on biofilm-associated Legionella concentrations, with populations returning to pre-chlorination levels within six weeks. Biofilms sampled from drinking water meters collected from two areas within central Arizona were analyzed via PCR for the presence of Legionella. Occurrence in only one area indicates that environmental differences in water distribution systems may have an impact on the survival of Legionella. These results document the impact of different environmental conditions on the survival of Legionella in water.
Thermal fatigue reliability analysis for PBGA with Sn-3.8Ag-0.7Cu solder joints (2005)

In this work, thermal cycling reliability test and analysis for PBGA components with Sn-3.8Ag-0.7Cu solder joints were investigated. Based on test results, a two-parameter Weibull distribution model was used to determine the mean time to failure (MTTF) of PBGA components. The MTTF was used for validation of finite element analysis (FEA) results. FEA analysis using quarter model and submodeling method was implemented to study stress strain behavior of Sn-3.8Ag-0.7Cu lead free solder joints considering three thermal cycles. In FEA analysis, two different solder joint material constitutive models, viscoplastic Anand's model and elastic-plastic-creep model, and two different fatigue life prediction models, energy based and strain based fatigue life model, were used for comparison. Volume averaged method was used for extracting fatigue life prediction parameter. Traditional whole interface layer elements averaged method overestimates the fatigue life of solder joint due to lower energy or strain used in fatigue life model. In this paper, new averaging volume of outermost ring elements was proposed. It was shown that outermost ring elements averaging method gave better result compared to MTTF. Thermal cycling and thermal shock loads were simulated in FEA analysis to study the temperature ramp rate effects on fatigue life.
Cloning, sequencing and characterization of the α‐aminoadipate reductase gene <i>(LYS2)</i> from <i>Saccharomycopsis fibuligera</i> (2007)

The gene putatively encoding alpha-aminoadipate reductase (AAR) was isolated successfully by degenerate PCR and chromosome walking, based on cassette PCR methods, from the dimorphous yeast Saccharomycopsis fibuligera PD70 and was named SfLYS2. Sequence analysis revealed that it contained a putative open reading frame (ORF) of 4161 bp and encoded a polypeptide of 1386 amino acids. The deduced translation product shared an identity of 53% and 51% to the Lys2p homologues of Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, respectively. An atypical TATA box and a GCN4-box element were found in the 5'-upstream region. Genomic Southern hybridization suggested the presence of a single locus of SfLYS2 in the S. fibuligera genome. Expression of the ORF of SfLYS2 in a lys2(-) strain of S. cerevisiae could functionally complement the lysine mutant of the S. cerevisiae strain. S. fibuligera could use lysine as the sole nitrogen source but its growth was inhibited on the alpha-aminoadipate (AA) medium. Approximately 90% of the mutants of S. cerevisiae resistant to AA are lysine auxotrophs; in contrast all the mutants of S. fibuligera resistant to AA recovered in this work were not lysine auxotrophs.
Patterns of medicinal cannabis use, strain analysis, and substitution effect among patients with migraine, headache, arthritis, and chronic pain in a medicinal cannabis cohort (2018)

Chronic pain was the most common reason for cannabis use, consistent with most registries. The majority of headache patients treating with cannabis were positive for migraine. Hybrid strains were preferred in ID Migraine™, headache, and most pain groups, with "OG Shark", a high THC (Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol)/THCA (tetrahydrocannabinolic acid), low CBD (cannabidiol)/CBDA (cannabidiolic acid), strain with predominant terpenes β-caryophyllene and β-myrcene, most preferred in the headache and ID Migraine™ groups. This could reflect the potent analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-emetic properties of THC, with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of β-caryophyllene and β-myrcene. Opiates/opioids were most commonly substituted with cannabis. Prospective studies are needed, but results may provide early insight into optimizing crossbred cannabis strains, synergistic biochemical profiles, dosing, and patterns of use in the treatment of headache, migraine, and chronic pain syndromes.
Electromigration failure by shape change of voids in bamboo lines (1994)

The behavior of electromigration-induced voids in narrow, unpassivated aluminum interconnects is examined, using scanning electron microscopy. Some electromigration tests were interrupted several times in order to observe void nucleation, void growth, and finally the failure of the conductor line. It is found that voids which opened the line have a specific asymmetric shape with respect to the electron flow direction. Besides void nucleation and void growth, void shape changes can consume a major part of the lifetime of the conductor line. A first attempt to model these processes on the basis of diffusion along the void surface shows that voids with a noncircular initial shape tend to produce the fatal asymmetry due to electron wind effects, with the anisotropy of surface energy possibly playing only a minor role.
Polymorphisms in the 5′ Regulatory Region of the Tissue Factor Gene and the Risk of Myocardial Infarction and Venous Thromboembolism (2000)

Tissue factor (TF) is a transmembrane protein considered to be responsible for the initiation of coagulation. TF gene expression may be induced in monocytes and endothelial cells and is present in atherosclerotic plaque to initiate thrombus formation. To investigate whether individual differences in TF gene expression could predispose subjects to thrombosis, we sequenced the 5' domain of the gene up to nucleotide 2732 and found 6 different polymorphisms: 4 of them were completely concordant and defined 2 haplotypes with similar frequencies, designated as 1208 D and 1208 I. Genotyping of patients with myocardial infarction in a case-control study involving 2354 subjects showed no association between the polymorphisms and nonfatal coronary thrombosis. In another study involving 255 patients with venous thromboembolism and 1204 controls, allele D was less common in the cases (P=0.022). The odds ratio associated with the presence of at least 1 D allele was 0.72 (P=0. 031). Comparison of subgroups of control subjects who were homozygous for the D or I allele demonstrated a lower plasma TF concentration in DD homozygotes. These results indicate that the TF gene promoter exists in 2 major forms differing at 4 sites. The 1208 D haplotype is not associated with coronary thrombosis but is associated with reduced plasma TF levels and a lower risk of venous thrombosis.
Narrow Spectral Linewidth Silicon Photonic Wavelength Tunable Laser Diode for Digital Coherent Communication System (2016)

We demonstrated wavelength tunable laser diodes with Si-wire waveguide ring resonators as an external optical cavity. The footprint of the optical cavity including the semiconductor optical amplifier is as small as 0.8 mm × 0.6 mm which is less 1/10 of those made of silicon oxinitride material. Wavelength tuning range of approximately 55 nm was demonstrated, which covers entire L-band of the optical communication wavelength system. Furthermore, a spectral linewidth narrower than 100 kHz was obtained by optimizing the design of the external optical cavity. The optical nonlinearity of silicon is described and the influence on laser oscillation is also discussed.
G-Prop-III: global optimization of Multilayer Perceptrons using an evolutionary algorithm (1999)

This paper proposes a new version of a method (G-Prop-III, genetic backpropagation) that attempts to solve the problem of finding appropriate initial weights and learning parameters for a single hidden layer Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) by combining a genetic algorithm (GA) and backpropagation (BP). The GA selects the initial weights and the learning rate of the network, and changes the number of neurons in the hidden layer through the application of specific genetic operators. Besides, this new version of the algorithm includes BP training as a mutation operator. G-Prop-III combines the advantages of the global search performed by the GA over the MLP parameter space and the local search of the BP algorithm. The application of the G-Prop-III algorithm to several realworld and benchmark problems shows that MLPs evolved using G-Prop-III are smaller and achieve a higher level of generalization than other perceptron training algorithms, such as QuickPropagation or RPROP, and other evolutive...
An engineered tryptophan zipper‐type peptide as a molecular recognition scaffold (2009)

In an effort to develop a structured peptide scaffold that lacks a disulfide bond and is thus suitable for molecular recognition applications in the reducing environment of the cytosol, we investigated engineered versions of the trpzip class of beta-hairpin peptides. We have previously shown that even most highly folded members of the trpzip class (i.e. the 16mer peptide HP5W4) are substantially destabilized by the introduction of mutations in the turn region and therefore not an ideal peptide scaffold. To address this issue, we used a FRET-based live cell screening system to identify extended trpzip-type peptides with additional stabilizing interactions. One of the most promising of these extended trpzip-type variants is the 24mer xxtz1-peptide with the sequence KAWTHDWTWNPATGKWTWLWRKNK. A phage display library of this peptide with randomization of six residues with side chains directed towards one face of the hairpin was constructed and panned against immobilized streptavidin. We have also explored the use of xxtz1-peptide for the presentation of an unstructured peptide 'loop' inserted into the turn region. Although NMR analysis provided no direct evidence for structure in the xxtz1-peptide with the loop insertion, we did attempt to use this construct as a scaffold for phage display of randomized peptide libraries. Panning of the resulting libraries against streptavidin resulted in the identification of peptide sequences with submicromolar affinities. Interestingly, substitution of key residues in the hairpin-derived portion of the peptide resulted in a 400-fold decrease in K(d), suggesting that the hairpin-derived portion plays an important role in preorganization of the loop region for molecular recognition.
Intranasally administered immunoglobulin for the prevention of rhinitis in children (1998)

Intranasal administration of immunoglobulin appears to be an effective method to prevent symptoms of rhinitis in children, and further studies of this approach are needed.
Status of the genus Wrixonia F.Muell. (Lamiaceae) (2012)

Wrixonia F.Muell is here reduced to the synonymy of Prostanthera, and the new combination P. prostantheroides (F.Muell.) T.C.Wilson, M.J.Henwood & B.J.Conn is made. The species Prostanthera schultzii F.Muell. ex Tate is reinstated. A modified key to genera of the tribe Westringieae is provided.
Identification of proteins from human cerebrospinal fluid, separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2000)

The aim of this work is to display the protein composition of the cerebrospinal fluid by two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis and identify it using different mass spectrometric techniques. This will enable us to present an overview of the proteins in human cerebrospinal fluid. The comparison of 2-D gels will help us to analyze the normal protein variability in healthy persons and specific protein variations in patients with different neurological diseases (e.g., morbus Alzheimer, chorea Huntington). However, it is not possible to carry out 2-D gel electrophoresis directly with human cerebrospinal fluid due to the high amount of salts, sugars and lipids present. In addition, the total amount of protein is only as high as 0.3—0.7 μg/μL. Therefore, concentration and desalting steps using precipitation and ultrafiltration are necessary. To date we have been able to identify more than 65 spots from 2-D gels using matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry.
Fire-Modified Meteorology in a Coupled Fire–Atmosphere Model (2015)

Abstract The coupled fire–atmosphere model consisting of the Weather and Forecasting (WRF) Model coupled with the fire-spread model (SFIRE) module has been used to simulate a bushfire at D’Estrees Bay on Kangaroo Island, South Australia, in December 2007. Initial conditions for the simulations were provided by two global analyses: the GFS operational analysis and ERA-Interim. For each NWP initialization, the simulations were run with and without feedback from the fire to the atmospheric model. The focus of this study was examining how the energy fluxes from the simulated fire modified the local meteorological environment. With feedback enabled, the propagation speed of the sea-breeze frontal line was faster and vertical motion in the frontal zone was enhanced. For one of the initial conditions with feedback on, a vortex developed adjacent to the head fire and remained present for over 5 h of simulation time. The vortex was not present without fire–atmosphere feedback. The results show that the energy fluxes released by a fire can effect significant changes on the surrounding mesoscale atmosphere. This has implications for the appropriate use of weather parameters extracted from NWP and used in prediction for fire operations. These meteorological modifications also have implications for anticipating likely fire behavior.