gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The SprayList: a scalable relaxed priority queue (2015)

High-performance concurrent priority queues are essential for applications such as task scheduling and discrete event simulation. Unfortunately, even the best performing implementations do not scale past a number of threads in the single digits. This is because of the sequential bottleneck in accessing the elements at the head of the queue in order to perform a DeleteMin operation. In this paper, we present the SprayList, a scalable priority queue with relaxed ordering semantics. Starting from a non-blocking SkipList, the main innovation behind our design is that the DeleteMin operations avoid a sequential bottleneck by ``spraying'' themselves onto the head of the SkipList list in a coordinated fashion. The spraying is implemented using a carefully designed random walk, so that DeleteMin returns an element among the first O(p log^3 p) in the list, with high probability, where p is the number of threads. We prove that the running time of a DeleteMin operation is O(log^3 p), with high probability, independent of the size of the list. Our experiments show that the relaxed semantics allow the data structure to scale for high thread counts, comparable to a classic unordered SkipList. Furthermore, we observe that, for reasonably parallel workloads, the scalability benefits of relaxation considerably outweigh the additional work due to out-of-order execution.
Multi-Fidelity Reinforcement Learning with Gaussian Processes (2017)

We study the problem of Reinforcement Learning (RL) using as few real-world samples as possible. A naive application of RL can be inefficient in large and continuous state spaces. We present two versions of Multi-Fidelity Reinforcement Learning (MFRL), model-based and model-free, that leverage Gaussian Processes (GPs) to learn the optimal policy in a real-world environment. In the MFRL framework, an agent uses multiple simulators of the real environment to perform actions. With increasing fidelity in a simulator chain, the number of samples used in successively higher simulators can be reduced. By incorporating GPs in the MFRL framework, we empirically observe up to $40\%$ reduction in the number of samples for model-based RL and $60\%$ reduction for the model-free version. We examine the performance of our algorithms through simulations and through real-world experiments for navigation with a ground robot.
Cellular Recognition of Trimyristoylated Peptide or Enterobacterial Lipopolysaccharide via Both TLR2 and TLR4 (2007)

Evidence for specific and direct bacterial product recognition through toll-like receptors (TLRs) has been emphasized recently. We analyzed lipopeptide analogues and enterobacterial lipopolysaccharide (eLPS) for their potential to activate cells through TLR2 and TLR4. Whereas bacterial protein palmitoylated at its N-terminal cysteine and N-terminal peptides derived thereof are known to induce TLR2-mediated cell activation, a synthetic acylhexapeptide mimicking a bacterial lipoprotein subpopulation for which N-terminal trimyristoylation is characteristic (Myr(3)CSK(4)) activated cells not only through TLR2 but also through TLR4. Conversely, highly purified eLPS triggered cell activation through overexpressed TLR2 in the absence of TLR4 expression if CD14 was coexpressed. Accordingly, TLR2(-/-) macrophages prepared upon gene targeting responded to Myr(3)CSK(4) challenge, whereas TLR2(-/-)/TLR4(d/d) cells were unresponsive. Through interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) priming, macrophages lacking expression of functional TLR4 and/or MD-2 acquired sensitivity to eLPS, whereas TLR2/TLR4 double deficient cells did not. Not only TLR2(-/-) mice but also TLR4(-/-) mice were resistant to Myr(3)CSK(4) challenge-induced fatal shock. d-Galactosamine-sensitized mice expressing defective TLR4 or lacking TLR4 expression acquired susceptibility to eLPS-driven toxemia upon IFNgamma priming, whereas double deficient mice did not. Immunization toward ovalbumin using Myr(3)CSK(4) as adjuvant was ineffective in TLR2(-/-)/TLR4(-/-) mice yet effective in wild-type, TLR2(-/-), or TLR4(-/-) mice as shown by analysis of ovalbumin-specific serum Ig concentration. A compound such as Myr(3)CSK(4) whose stimulatory activity is mediated by both TLR2 and TLR4 might constitute a preferable adjuvant. On the other hand, simultaneous blockage of both of the two TLRs might effectively inhibit infection-induced pathology.
THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF CALCIUM INHIBITORS AND OF CAPTOPRIL ON THE RENAL MICROCIRCULATION DURING REPERFUSION (1987)

Reperfusion injury is increasingly recognized as a key factor in the development of posttransplant acute tubular necrosis. Previous studies have shown that addition of the calmodulin inhibitor trifluoperazine (TFP) to Collins' flush solution protected the cortical microcirculatory integrity and dramatically improved renal viability after transplantation. The present report describes the protective effect(s) of TFP in the course of reperfusion injury. Twenty mongrel dogs underwent bilateral nephrectomy; in each instance, the left kidney was flushed immediately with 250 ml of cold Collins' solution, and the right kidney was flushed with the same solution containing TFP, 5 mg/L. After 48 and 72 hr of preservation, each kidney was connected through silastic shunts to the femoral vessels of another dog. The mean renal blood flow (RBF) immediately after reperfusion was 2.2 ml/g/min and 1.7 ml/g/min in the left and right kidneys, respectively, and was similar to mean RBF measurements prior to nephrectomy. After 15 min of reperfusion, there was a sharp decrease in mean RBF in the Collins' flushed kidneys, which persisted after 60 min of reperfusion (0.37 ml/g/min). In contrast, there was only a mild decrease in mean RBF in the TFP-flushed kidneys (1.27 ml/g/min). A partial explanation for the favorable effect of TFP may be related to the inability of the ischemic cell to handle the increased calcium load associated with reperfusion (calcium paradox). In a test of this possibility, 0.5 mg/kg of verapamil, a calcium channel blocker, was infused during reperfusion. No beneficial effects of this drug were noted in either Collins' or TFP-flushed kidneys (n = 10). However, when 1.25 mg/kg of captopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, was infused at the time of reperfusion, a dramatic amelioration of the reperfusion injury occurred in the Collins' flushed kidneys (1.2 ml/g/min) (n = 10). Taken together, these data suggest that the damage to cold-preserved kidneys flushed with Collins' solution alone may occur at the time of actual reperfusion. Such reperfusion damage is ameliorated by TFP and captopril. The known relationship between calcium and the effect of angiotensin on the vascular smooth muscle cell may explain in part the protective role of calcium inhibitors placed in preserved kidneys prior to reperfusion.
Frontiers in Neuromorphic Engineering (2011)

ISSN:1662-453X
Development of an ERP Model for Modularly Designed Ships for Medium Scale Shipyards – I: Manufacturing Management (2007)

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) has become something of a magic wand for large manufacturing industries because of its capability to integrate different manufacturing modules via online networks and hence providing one window access thereby making the whole manufacturing process integrated with a reduction in inventory. Ship production is not a manufacturing process in a strict sense because of high customisation, widely varying scales of operations and less compatibility between various production processes. Ship production is planned in an activity driven network scheduling system ingeneral and is assumed more as a construction process or assembling process rather than a manufacturing process. An ERP principle is based upon information management and process integration and hence is effective in all manufacturing processes that need to integrate the processes for streamlined, lean and synergised manufacturing. A modular approach to design has been regarded as the new logic for product design and its organisation, as it helps design and manufacturing firms to cope with the present volatile and turbulent environment. This combines the ERP principle and modular approach to design. The ERP principle is used to design the manufacturing management system for the modularly designed ships. In this series of two papers, we discuss development of an ERP model for a medium scale shipyard. Part I, discusses a methodology for manufacturing management: planning and integration of ship manufacturing processes for the modularly designed ships in a medium size shipyard. The manufacturing management is integration driven and is based upon activity based network scheduling. In this work, it is shown that by combining network scheduling, ERP and modular approach to design, the ship manufacturing process will be more streamlined, better planned and executed.
Adjusting pulse-front tilt and pulse duration by use of a single-shot autocorrelator (2001)

We present a method of adjusting the pulse duration and eliminating the pulse-front tilt of an ultrashort pulse in real time by use of a specially configured single-shot autocorrelator. Pulse-front tilt, or a temporal delay across the pulse front, is a common ultrashort-pulse phenomenon when dispersive elements are being used. We show the design of an autocorrelator that can be used to eliminate the pulse-front tilt and simultaneously adjust the pulse duration in real time by adjustment of the pulse compressor of a chirped-pulse amplified laser system.
Neural Network and Classification (2017)

Classification is used to determine the group the data belongs. Some typical applications of classification are spam mail filtering and character recognition. In contrast, regression infers values from the data. It can be exemplified with the prediction of income for a given age and education level.
In Situ Beta Radiation to Prevent Recanalization After Coil Embolization of Cerebral Aneurysms (2002)

In situ low-dose beta radiation inhibits recanalization after coil embolization and may improve long-term results of endovascular treatment of aneurysms.
A 2-V low-power CMOS direct-conversion quadrature modulator with integrated quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator and RF amplifier for GHz RF transmitter applications (2002)

A compact low-voltage low-power CMOS direct-conversion quadrature modulator with integrated quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) and radio frequency (RF) amplifier for wireless transmitter applications is proposed and analyzed. By applying both baseband input signals with quadrature phases and quadrature local oscillator (LO) signals to a set of combiners, the quadrature modulation functions can be implemented. The low-power operation is enabled by the current reuse technique used among quadrature modulator, quadrature VCO, and RF amplifier. Because only two transistors and one resistor are cascoded in the critical path of the proposed quadrature modulator between power supply and ground, the supply voltage can be as low as 1.5 V. The proposed circuit structure is used to design a quadrature modulator chip for 1.9-GHz digital enhanced cordless telecommunications (DECT) transmitter applications. The experimental chip is fabricated by using 0.35-/spl mu/m n-well double-poly-triple-metal (DPTM) CMOS technology. The power dissipation is only 18 mW under 2-V power supply voltage. The on-chip quadrature VCO can provide highly accurate quadrature signals without any phase tuning or trimming.
Social defeat models in animal science: What we have learned from rodent models (2017)

Studies on stress and its impacts on animals are very important in many fields of science, including animal science, because various stresses influence animal production and animal welfare. In particular, the social stresses within animal groups have profound impact on animals, with the potential to induce abnormal behaviors and health problems. In humans, social stress induces several health problems, including psychiatric disorders. In animal stress models, social defeat models are well characterized and used in various research fields, particularly in studies concerning mental disorders. Recently, we have focused on behavior, nutrition and metabolism in rodent models of social defeat to elucidate how social stresses affect animals. In this review, recent significant progress in studies related to animal social defeat models are described. In the field of animal science, these stress models may contribute to advances in the development of functional foods and in the management of animal welfare.
"Smartphone Science" in Eye Care and Medicine (2015)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Vasudevan Lakshminarayanan, John Zelek, and Annette McBride, ""Smartphone Science" in Eye Care and Medicine," Optics & Photonics News 26(1), 44-51 (2015) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Cirurgia bariátrica e sua relação com a anemia ferropriva - um estudo de caso (2013)

Thepresent study aimed to analyze, the relationship between bariatric surgery and anemia, as well as observe the changes in the body caused by the surgery to the patient. Research conducted in September 2011, containing a questionnaire, three-day food records, analysis of biochemicaland bioimpedance segmented. Thepatient presented during eleven months a great weight loss and body fat nevertheless shecanhealitself ofdiseases such assleep apnea and gastritis. She developed anemia, diagnosed by blood test, but the serum iron, ferritin and transferrin that were suitable. With food record analyzed the amount of absorbable iron, and she had adequate intake. Through the data, it was possibleobserve the advantages and disadvantages in postoperative patients of bariatric surgery, and these should be accompanied by a multidisciplinary team.
Circuit techniques for a wide world I/O path 64 Meg DRAM (2002)

The high rate data transfer between CPU and memory in future high performance systems requires the 64 Meg DRAM and generations beyond to take a new design approach. Fast RAS access time together with a wider I/O path are key DRAM performances indices for achieving high bandwidth CPU-MEMORY data operations. A novel Hierarchical Multi-Datalines (HMD) Architecture with a wide I/O path and high speed circuit design techniques used to implement this architecture in a 64 Meg DRAM are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An approach for precise, scalable, and platform independent clock synchronization (2017)

Clock synchronization is an important issue in wired and wireless networks as a common time basis is essential for coordinated activities of nodes in distributed systems. Typical applications demanding precise synchronization are Industrial Internet scenarios having real-time constraints, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) where the nodes communicate only for a short period and can sleep the remaining time to save energy, approaches based on Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), and distributed measurements. The basic idea of our approach is to estimate all delays in a network. As a result, we can estimate the one-way delay between a reference node and all other nodes in the network. Consequently, we can use broadcast messages to synchronize the entire network. Utilizing a novel measurement method and a Java prototype implementation, we show that our approach achieves a high precision (≈ 123 μβ). Furthermore, it is highly scalable and platform independent. As our synchronization approach operates at the application layer, it is suitable for both wired and wireless networks.
A unified boundary-element finite-element package (1993)

A set of computer programs designed for research and educational objectives in the analysis of low frequency electric and magnetic field phenomena is described. These programs are developed around a standard and easily extensible user interface, run on both PC-compatible and X window platforms, and offer the user a wide range of analysis tools. They are capable of solving Poisson's equation for arbitrarily shaped axisymmetric and two-dimensional geometries.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Plasmonic-Organic Hybrid Modulators (2019)

Today's information society is generating an unprecedented amount of data that is stored and processed in mega-data centers and is transmitted between continents, data centers, and users.While data is still stored and processed in the electronic domain, the information transport takes place in the optical domain, via optical fiber cables.The rapidly increasing performance of information processing and high-performance computing, the success of cloud computing, and the interconnection of machines, the Internet of Things, lead to a dramatic demand for high-speed data transmission capacity.However, current technologies cannot keep up with this demand.New technologies are urgently needed.[1,2] Electro-optic modulators convert the information from the electrical information-processing world to the optical information-transport world.Thus, the performance of this device is crucial to efficiently convert data from electronics to the optical fiber.However, current modulator technologies cannot cope with the increasing need for bandwidth; new solutions that offer highly parallelized, energyand cost-efficient, high-speed modulation are indispensable.[2][3][4].Within this thesis, a new and alternative modulator technology has been developed: the plasmonic-organic hybrid technology.It combines highly nonlinear organic electro-optic materials with sub-wavelength light confinement offered by plasmonic waveguides.This way, the technology enables the most-compact Mach-Zehnder modulators with active lengths of around 10 m, making them more than 10-times shorter than any conventional photonic Mach-Zehnder modulator.At the same time, plasmonic-organic hybrid modulators operate extremely energy-efficient at highest speed.Where conventional technologies require 10s to 100s of fJ/bit to encode one bit of data, the devices presented in this work require less than 1 fJ/bit at speeds up to 200 Gbit/s.Additionally, the devices feature an electro-optic bandwidth far beyond 100 GHz where conventional technologies are typically limited to bandwidths below 100 GHz.It has been shown, that these modulators can be implemented in more-complex integrated optical configurations such as modulator arrays for spatial parallelization or wavelength-division multiplexing applications.By implementing the modulators in an in-phase/quadrature modulator configuration, line-rates up to 400 Gbit/s and electrical energy consumptions below 1 fJ/bit became possible.With these demonstrations and the associated development, the plasmonic-organic hybrid technology has been established as a viable technology platform with many demonstrations in a broad field of applications.
<title>Gas recognition using a neural network approach to plasma optical emission spectroscopy</title> (2000)

A system has been developed which enables the detection and recognition of various gases. Plasma emission spectroscopy has been used to record spectra from volatile species of acetone, vinegar, and coffee beans, along with air and nitrogen spectra. The spectra have been uniquely processed and fed into an artificial neural network program for training and recognition of unknown gases. The system as a whole can be grouped into the emerging and diverse area of artificial nose technology. The sy stem has shown to provide a solution to the recognition of simple gases and odours (air, nitrogen, acetone) and could also satisfactorily recognise more complex samples (vinegar and coffee beans). Recognition is performed in seconds; this being a positive aspect for many artificial nose applications.
The GaAs P-N-P-N laser diode (1974)

The general structure of double-heterojunction diode lasers is shown to be consistent with the required geometry of the Shockley diode or p-n-p-n switch. When the two devices are combined in a single structure, there results an extremely simple source of high optical power (>0.5-W) pulses of very short duration (<10 ns) without the need for a complex external driver. In principle, pulse triggering and repetition rate are easily controlled, suggesting that the device has potential application in pulse-coded optical communication systems.
Podocalyxin is a marker of poor prognosis in colorectal cancer (2014)

Podocalyxin was an independent factor for poor prognosis in colorectal cancer and in the subgroups of left hemicolon and rectum. This is, to our knowledge, the first evidence of such difference in PODXL expression, its function possibly being dependent upon tumour location.
Formation of shallow donor in fluorine-implanted silicon (1996)

A shallow fluorine-related donor is reported. The donor has been revealed by capacitance–voltage profiling applied to furnace-annealed, fluorine-implanted silicon samples. The implantations were carried out at high energy, in the range 5–7 MeV. The assignment of the donor structure to fluorine results from a detailed examination of the effective space-charge distribution around the implantation range (≊4 μm) in comparison with data obtained for similar oxygen-implanted samples. The depth-integrated density of the donors formed after annealing at 700 °C is ≊3×1010 cm−2 corresponding to ≊1% of the implantation dose. The density increases by more than one order of magnitude for samples annealed only at 600 °C. In addition to the shallow donor level (or levels) a fluorine-specific level at Ec−Et≊0.15 eV has been assigned by application of deep-level transient spectroscopy.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Indolo[3,2-<i>b</i>]carbazole Semiconductors (2007)

The synthesis, characterization, and field-effect transistor (FET) properties of new indolo[3,2-b]carbazoles are described. In particular, an extensive characterization of their crystal structures has revealed the importance of the nature of the side chains (alkyl, phenyl, thienyl substituents) on their solid-state organization. These organic materials have exhibited p-type FET behavior with hole mobilities as high as 0.2 cm2 V(-1) s(-1) with an on/off current ratio higher than 10(6). Best results were obtained with phenyl-substituted indolo[3,2-b]carbazoles since the presence of phenyl substituents seems to allow efficient overlap between the oligomeric molecules. More importantly, FET properties were kept constant during several months in air.
Miniature swept source for point of care Optical Frequency Domain Imaging (2009)

Point of care (POC) medical technologies require portable, small, robust instrumentation for practical implementation. In their current embodiment, optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) systems employ large form-factor wavelength-swept lasers, making them impractical in the POC environment. Here, we describe a first step toward a POC OFDI system by demonstrating a miniaturized swept-wavelength source. The laser is based on a tunable optical filter using a reflection grating and a miniature resonant scanning mirror. The laser achieves 75 nm of bandwidth centered at 1340 nm, a 0.24 nm instantaneous line width, a 15.3 kHz repetition rate with 12 mW peak output power, and a 30.4 kHz A-line rate when utilizing forward and backward sweeps. The entire laser system is approximately the size of a deck of cards and can operate on battery power for at least one hour.