gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DRAQ5 and Eosin (‘D&E’) as an Analog to Hematoxylin and Eosin for Rapid Fluorescence Histology of Fresh Tissues (2016)

Real-time on-site histopathology review of biopsy tissues at the point-of-procedure has great potential for significant clinical value and improved patient care. For instance, on-site review can aid in rapid screening of diagnostic biopsies to reduce false-negative results, or in quantitative assessment of biospecimen quality to increase the efficacy of downstream laboratory and histopathology analysis. However, the only currently available rapid pathology method, frozen section analysis (FSA), is too time- and labor-intensive for use in screening large quantities of biopsy tissues and is too destructive for maximum tissue conservation in multiple small needle core biopsies. In this work we demonstrate the spectrally-compatible combination of the nuclear stain DRAQ5 and the anionic counterstain eosin as a dual-component fluorescent staining analog to hematoxylin and eosin intended for use on fresh, unsectioned tissues. Combined with optical sectioning fluorescence microscopy and pseudo-coloring algorithms, DRAQ5 and eosin ("D&E") enables very fast, non-destructive psuedohistological imaging of tissues at the point-of-acquisition with minimal tissue handling and processing. D&E was validated against H&E on a one-to-one basis on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded and frozen section tissues of various human organs using standard epi-fluorescence microscopy, demonstrating high fidelity of the staining mechanism as an H&E analog. The method was then applied to fresh, whole 18G renal needle core biopsies and large needle core prostate biospecimen biopsies using fluorescence structured illumination optical sectioning microscopy. We demonstrate the ability to obtain high-resolution histology-like images of unsectioned, fresh tissues similar to subsequent H&E staining of the tissue. The application of D&E does not interfere with subsequent standard-of-care H&E staining and imaging, preserving the integrity of the tissue for thorough downstream analysis. These results indicate that this dual-stain pseudocoloring method could provide a real-time histology-like image at the time of acquisition and valuable objective tissue analysis for the clinician at the time of service.
A Low Complexity Video Watermarking in H.264 Compressed Domain (2010)

In this paper, a new blind and readable H.264 compressed domain watermarking scheme is proposed in which the embedding/extracting is performed using the syntactic elements of the compressed bit stream. As a result, it is not necessary to fully decode a compressed video stream both in the embedding and extracting processes. The method also presents an inexpensive spatiotemporal analysis that selects the appropriate submacroblocks for embedding, increasing watermark robustness while reducing its impact on visual quality. Meanwhile, the proposed method prevents bit-rate increase and restricts it within an acceptable limit by selecting appropriate quantized residuals for watermark insertion. Regarding watermarking demands such as imperceptibility, bit-rate control, and appropriate level of security, a priority matrix is defined which can be adjusted based on the application requirements. The resulted flexibility expands the usability of the proposed method.
Mitochondrial AKAP121 Links cAMP and src Signaling to Oxidative Metabolism (2005)

AKAP121 focuses distinct signaling events from membrane to mitochondria by binding and targeting cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPD1), and mRNA. We find that AKAP121 also targets src tyrosine kinase to mitochondria via PTPD1. AKAP121 increased src-dependent phosphorylation of mitochondrial substrates and enhanced the activity of cytochrome c oxidase, a component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP oxidative synthesis were enhanced by AKAP121 in an src- and PKA-dependent manner. Finally, siRNA-mediated silencing of endogenous AKAP121 drastically impaired synthesis and accumulation of mitochondrial ATP. These findings indicate that AKAP121, through its role in enhancing cAMP and tyrosine kinase signaling to distal organelles, is an important regulator in mitochondrial metabolism.
Adaptive Communications with Swarm Aperture (2019)

Utilizing mobile platforms such as a swarm of airborne mini-drones for distributed sensing and communications has been explored for more than one decade. Localization and synchronization of drone elements are the main challenges limiting its practical applications. In this paper, the localization and synchronization challenge is circumvented based on the concept of adaptive beamforming and wireless interconnect through frequency diversity. The technique is to (1) set up the swarm platforms as RF relay nodes that has minimum RF delay without going through the demodulation/remodulation process, while re-transmits the signal received from the base station at a long distance away (licensed band) to a common, secondary receiver at the terminal (unlicensed band) which is at proximity (2) apply adaptive beamforming algorithms to compensate for the delay difference among the elements in RF circuitry and in propagation paths caused by the different element positions. A two-element beamforming array uses to experimentally demonstrate the proposed concept. Improved signal to noise ratio has been demonstrated with such beamforming approach. The proposed system architecture provides an opportunity to develop practical swarm-drone for future wireless sensing and communication systems.
Linkage, clinical features, and prognosis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease types 1 and 2. (1996)

Linkage analysis was performed on 49 Catalan families with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease obtained via the Nephrology Department and related nephrology centers. A total of 336 subjects, 267 at risk for the disease, were investigated using three microsatellites linked to polycystic kidney disease Type 1 (PKD1) and three microsatellites linked to PKD2. All of the subjects underwent physical and sonographic examination. The results demonstrate locus heterogeneity, with 0.85 as the maximum likelihood for the proportion of families linked to PKD1. All of the remaining families were found to be linked to PKD2. Analysis of clinical data in the PKD1 group (N = 146) versus the PKD2 group (N = 20) showed a milder form of the disease in the latter, with a later age at diagnosis (27.4 versus 41.4 yr, P = 0.0002), later age of onset of ESRD (53.4 versus 72.7 yr, P < 0.0001), later age of diagnosis of hypertension (34.8 versus 49.7 yr, P = 0.001) and lower prevalence of hypertension at younger ages. Sonographic findings did not differ significantly between both groups. Although anticipation was observed in both groups, it did not affect the majority of families. No signs of imprinting were found in this study, and the only gender effect was an earlier age of onset of ESRD in men than in women (49.5 versus 53.1 yr in PKD1, P < 0.01 and 70.57 versus 73.6 yr in PKD2, P = 0.1). Molecular analysis of autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease allows presymptomatic diagnosis in individuals younger than age 30, and helps in establishing prognosis.
A Review of Current Methods in Microfluidic Device Fabrication and Future Commercialization Prospects (2018)

Microfluidic devices currently play an important role in many biological, chemical, and engineering applications, and there are many ways to fabricate the necessary channel and feature dimensions. In this review, we provide an overview of microfabrication techniques that are relevant to both research and commercial use. A special emphasis on both the most practical and the recently developed methods for microfluidic device fabrication is applied, and it leads us to specifically address laminate, molding, 3D printing, and high resolution nanofabrication techniques. The methods are compared for their relative costs and benefits, with special attention paid to the commercialization prospects of the various technologies.
Uniform Nanozeolite Microspheres with Large Secondary Pore Architecture (2006)

Various nanozeolites microspheres with uniform diameters from 3 to 8 μm were prepared by a polymerization-induced colloid aggregation method. The obtained nanozeolite microspheres possess a regularly spherical morphology and a large and adjustable secondary pore architecture that are believed to be useful in the separation of biomolecules. Moreover, the nanozeolite microspheres well retain the properties of the original colloidal nanozeolites and exhibit similar advantages to those of zeolite nanoparticles in protein adsorption. More importantly, the large secondary pore size (15−70 nm) of nanozeolite microspheres has been proven to have little limiting effect on the adsorption rate of various proteins, and a saturated adsorption is achieved even within 10 min, which may also facilitate microspheres' applications in catalysis involving diffusion limitations.
A composite passive damping method of the LLCL-filter based grid-tied inverter (2012)

This paper investigates the maximum and the minimum gain of the proportional resonant based grid current controller for a grid-tied inverter with a passive damped high-order power filter. It is found that the choice of the controller gain is limited to the local maximum amplitude determined by Q-factor around the characteristic frequency of the filter and grid impedance. To obtain the Q-factor of a high-order system, an equivalent circuit analysis method is proposed and illustrated through several classical passive damped LCL- and LLCL-filters. It is shown that both the RC parallel damper that is in parallel with the capacitor of the LCL-filter or with the L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">f</sub> -C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">f</sub> resonant circuit of the LLCL-filter, and the RL series damper in series with the grid-side inductor have their own application limits. Thus, a composite passive damped LLCL-filter for the grid-tied inverter is proposed, which can effectively suppress the possible resonance in case that the grid impedance varies in a wide range. Simulation results are good agreement with the theoretical analysis.
Optimal Design and Test of Main Magnet in Superconducting MRI (2010)

The magnet system is an important part in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) equipment, the performance of which directly affects the quality of the imaging. Improving the homogeneity of the magnetic field is an effective means to increase the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). A high SNR ensures a good imaging. This paper mainly investigates the optimal design and homogenizing field analysis of main magnet for ferrite yoke flat-board type in superconducting MRI using the finite element method (FEM). In order to get a high homogeneous magnetic field, the pole piece is added on the magnetic pole. We use electric pure iron as the material of the pole piece which has low coercive force, high permeability, and high saturation flux density. In order to increase the calculation speed, three-dimensional analysis is replaced by two-dimensional analysis while keeping the precision adequate. Through the optimizing algorithm, we can obtain an ideal pole piece dimension of the magnet. The distribution of the magnetic field was simulated and tested experimentally. By comparing the numerical calculation results with the experimental results, we find that a superconducting magnet MRI having homogeneity in volume of interest less than 600 ppm can be designed by optimizing the dimension of the pole piece using the proposed method without shimming.
Renoprotective Effect of Losartan in Comparison to Amlodipine in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Hypertension-a Report of the Japanese Losartan Therapy Intended for the Global Renal Protection Hypertensive Patients (JLIGHT) Study (2004)

A 12-month, multicenter (57 clinical institutions), randomized, open-labeled trial was undertaken to compare the efficacy of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist losartan and the calcium channel blocker amlodipine in patients with proteinuric chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hypertension. A total of 117 patients (79, chronic glomerulonephritis; 14, diabetic nephropathy; 24, other CKD) were randomly allocated into two treatment groups. Losartan and amlodipine exerted the same efficacy for blood pressure (BP) control; however, losartan significantly reduced the 24-h urinary protein excretion at months 3, 6, and 12, with the reduction of 20.7%, 35.2%, 35.8%, whereas amlodipine did not change the amount of proteinuria over the 12-month study period. When patients were stratified into groups according to the level of BP control at 3 months, the reduction in urinary protein excretion by losartan was evident in the group for which a BP of <140/90 mmHg was achieved, as well as in the group for which the goal BP (<130/85 mmHg) for treatment of CKD was not achieved. When patients were stratified according to baseline urinary protein excretion, those with > or = 2 g/day showed a reduction in proteinuria by losartan of 23.3%, 39.4%, and 47.9% at months 3, 6, and 12, and those with <2 g/day showed a reduction of 18.5% and 31.2% at months 3 and 6, respectively. No fatal adverse events were experienced in either drug group. We conclude that losartan reduced proteinuria in patients with CKD and hypertension. This positive effect may contribute to the renal protective benefit of losartan, and is beyond the magnitude of BP control.
Aerodynamic Investigation of a Composite Low-Speed Fan for UHBR Application (2021)

Abstract A composite fan stage representative of a modern Ultra High Bypass Ratio (UHBR) architecture has been investigated experimentally on a novel test facility at Ecole Centrale de Lyon. These measurements show indications for strong overloading of the tip region resulting in extensive blockage of the blade passage. The performance of the fan is analyzed with extensive instrumentation including radial profiles upstream and downstream of the rotor. Unsteady pressure measurements help to interpret the flow structure in the tip region. The results are presented across a range of operating points on the design speedline. At the stability limit, the machine suffers from non-synchronous vibrations, which result from small-scale aerodynamic disturbances propagating between the leading edges. Detailed analysis of the occurring waveforms is presented for two operating speeds. In order to further analyze the observed phenomena, a numerical study has been conducted using the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) solver elsA. The results of steady calculations are discussed in comparison with the detailed experiments. Unsteady simulations near the stability limit accurately predict the aerodynamic disturbances observed during non-synchronous vibrations (NSV). The obtained results are unusual for typical state-of-the-art transonic fans, as they show the same behavior as high-pressure compressor front stages, dominated by a blockage caused by tip-leakage flow. Even though flutter is not observed, the observed non-synchronous vibration mechanism is a critical aeroelastic phenomenon which is of great interest for future designs of low-speed fans.
Localization Technologies for Indoor Human Tracking (2010)

The proliferation of wireless localization technologies provides a promising future for serving human beings in indoor scenarios. Their applications include real-time tracking, activity recognition, health care, navigation, emergence detection, and target-of-interest monitoring, among others. Additionally, indoor localization technologies address the inefficiency of GPS (Global Positioning System) inside buildings. Since people spend most of their time in indoor environments, indoor tracking service is in great public demand. Based on this observation, this paper aims to provide a better understanding of state-of-the-art technologies and stimulate new research efforts in this field. For these purposes, existing localization technologies that can be used for tracking individuals in indoor environments are reviewed, along with some further discussions.
Quenched-disorder-induced magnetization jumps in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Sm</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Sr</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Mn</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2004)

Magnetic field induced steplike changes in magnetization and resistivity of ${\mathrm{Sm}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ manganites were studied. A strong dependence of these features on the cooling rate was observed. Magnetostriction, however, does not show the presence of large strain in our samples. From all these features we can rule out the conventional explanation of magnetization jumps as a consequence of martensitic transition. We propose instead that quenched by fast cooling disorder leads to the formation of an inhomogeneous metastable state and to subsequent magnetization jumps.
Quantitative analysis of crystallinity in an argyrodite sulfide-based solid electrolyte synthesized <i>via</i> solution processing (2019)

Liquid-phase synthesis is a useful technique for preparing argyrodite sulfide-based solid electrolytes, and the synthesis conditions such as heat treatment strongly affect the conductivity. Because the understanding of structural changes reveals crucial information about their properties, it is necessary to evaluate this change during heat treatment to determine the factors that affect the conductivity. In this study, X-ray diffraction measurements and transmission electron microscope observations reveal the effects of heat treatment on the crystallinities and ionic conductivities in the synthesis process of argyrodite electrolytes with tetrahydrofuran and ethanol. The amorphous material is in the main phase when heated at low temperatures below 200 °C and exhibits relatively low conductivities of <i>ca.</i> 2 × 10<sup>-4</sup> S cm<sup>-1</sup> despite precipitation of the argyrodite crystals. As the heat treatment temperature increases, the ratio of argyrodite crystals increases, involving nucleation and grain growth, leading to high conductivities of over 10<sup>-3</sup> S cm<sup>-1</sup>. It is critical to control the ratio of the amorphous and crystal phases to achieve high conductivities in the synthesis of argyrodite electrolytes <i>via</i> liquid-phase processing.
Complement activation induces excessive T cell cytotoxicity in severe COVID-19 (2021)

Severe COVID-19 is linked to both dysfunctional immune response and unrestrained immunopathology, and it remains unclear whether T cells contribute to disease pathology. Here, we combined single-cell transcriptomics and single-cell proteomics with mechanistic studies to assess pathogenic T cell functions and inducing signals. We identified highly activated CD16<sup>+</sup> T cells with increased cytotoxic functions in severe COVID-19. CD16 expression enabled immune-complex-mediated, T cell receptor-independent degranulation and cytotoxicity not found in other diseases. CD16<sup>+</sup> T cells from COVID-19 patients promoted microvascular endothelial cell injury and release of neutrophil and monocyte chemoattractants. CD16<sup>+</sup> T cell clones persisted beyond acute disease maintaining their cytotoxic phenotype. Increased generation of C3a in severe COVID-19 induced activated CD16<sup>+</sup> cytotoxic T cells. Proportions of activated CD16<sup>+</sup> T cells and plasma levels of complement proteins upstream of C3a were associated with fatal outcome of COVID-19, supporting a pathological role of exacerbated cytotoxicity and complement activation in COVID-19.
Calcium Mobilization by Dual Receptors During Fertilization of Sea Urchin Eggs (1993)

Fertilization is accompanied by a transient increase in the concentration of intracellular Ca2+, which serves as a signal for initiating development. Some of the Ca2+ appears to be released from intracellular stores by the binding of inositol trisphosphate (IP3) to its receptor. However, in sea urchin eggs, other mechanisms appear to participate. Cyclic adenosine diphosphate--ribose (cADPR), a naturally occurring metabolite of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, is as potent as IP3 in mobilizing Ca2+ in sea urchin eggs. Experiments with antagonists of the cADPR and IP3 receptors revealed that both Ca2+ mobilizing systems were activated during fertilization. Blockage of either of the systems alone was not sufficient to prevent the sperm-induced Ca2+ transient. This study provides direct evidence for a physiological role of cADPR in the Ca2+ signaling process.
Determination of Peptide Regions Exposed at the Surface of the Bacterial Ribosome with Antibodies against Synthetic Peptides (1995)

We synthesized six peptides corresponding to regions that are predicted to be surface-exposed of the following ribosomal proteins: protein L2, positions (D263-K272); protein L5, positions (I136-G150); protein L25, positions (Q75-D90); protein S3, positions (Q222-K232) derived from Escherichia coli; and protein L2, positions (K257-K275), and protein S3, positions (R130-T150) from Bacillus stearothermophilus. These peptides were employed to raise ribosomal protein-cross-reactive antibodies. The anti-peptide antisera reacted specifically with their parent proteins, as demonstrated by immunoblotting experiments. In a competition assay proteins L2 from E. coli and B. stearothermophilus as well as proteins L5 and L25 from E. coli were found to be accessible to the respective anti-peptide antibodies in the 50S subunits, but not in 70S ribosomes, proving their location at the 50S interface which is covered by the 30S subunit in the 70S complex. Two of the anti-peptide antisera directed against sequences deduced from protein S3 of E. coli and B. stearothermophilus reacted with 30S subunits as well as with 70S ribosomes, demonstrating their location at the backside, which is exposed to solvent. Thus, by the strategy applied specific short peptide stretches were located at the surface of the ribosome.
Identification of multi-trait PGPR isolates and evaluating their potential as inoculants for wheat (2011)

Development of an effective plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) inoculant necessitates the presence of a diverse set of traits that can help its colonization of the rhizosphere and survival under varying environmental conditions. In our investigation, a set of 100 bacterial isolates from the rhizosphere of wheat plants were screened initially on the basis of a seed germination assay; ten bacterial isolates (AW1–AW10) were selected. These isolates were then tested in vitro for specific PGPR traits, such as the production of IAA, siderophore, ammonia, HCN, P solubilization, ACC deaminase activity, acetylene reduction assay and antifungal activity. Of the ten isolates, AW5 was found to be promising for all PGP attributes. An experiment undertaken in the controlled conditions of the National Phytotron Facility revealed the potential of three isolates (AW1, AW5 and AW7) in enhancing the growth parameters of wheat plants. Characterization of these isolates using polyphasic approaches involving both phenotypic and genotypic attributes led to their identification as Bacillus sp. (AW1), Providencia sp. (AW5), and Brevundimonas diminuta (AW7), respectively. These strains could prove effective PGPR inoculants as they possess a number of traits useful for their establishment and proliferation in soil. The genus Providencia is reported for the first time for its PGP potential, using cultural as well as functional attributes to show its suitability as an inoculant for wheat crop.