gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low profile coupled inductor substrate with fast transient response (2015)

The alloy flake composite magnetic material has been justified to be compatible with the conventional PCB manufacturing process. By embedding the layerwise core into multilayer PCB, a single-phase 3D integrated POL module achieves 700W/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> power density and more than 85% efficiency. More important, the application of standard PCB process reduces the cost for manufacturing such integrated modules due to the easy automation and low temperature process. This paper tries to extend the same technology to multiphase POL module with coupled inductor. Combining the advanced control strategy, the high density and cost-effective two-phase POL modules are demonstrated for laptop VR application. The old low profile coupled inductor structure is modified slightly to improve its transient response. The air slots are added to reduce the transient inductance and enhance the coupling at light load condition. The non-linear inductance of the coupled inductor can be well controlled by using different slot structures. With the proposed coupled inductor structure, both low profile design and fast transient speed can be realized simultaneously.
CT Volumetrics of Primary Liver Cancers (1986)

A new computer algorithm is described for liver and tumor volume determinations for patients with hepatoma and primary hepatic cholangiocarcinoma. The algorithm is based on global histograms of CT numbers of the liver and primary liver cancers. The algorithm includes computer-assisted definition of the liver boundary in each CT slice. Liver and tumor volumes of 10 patients calculated by the histogram method were compared with volumes obtained from CT slices that were manually contoured by experienced observers. A correlation coefficient of 0.995 was determined for these two methods of volume computations. Mean values of the differences in volumes obtained by the two methods were 6.7 and 8.0% for the liver and tumor, respectively. The computer algorithm was tested on CT scans for an additional 46 patients by highlighting regions corresponding to normal liver and tumor tissues in each CT slice and determined to be accurate by experienced observers. The computer software is being used clinically to assess tumor response in a new treatment program for primary liver cancers that includes radiolabeled antibodies.
Expression profiling to predict postoperative prognosis for estrogen receptor‐negative breast cancers by analysis of 25,344 genes on a cDNA microarray (2004)

Estrogen receptor (ER) status is an essential determinant of clinical and biological behavior of human breast cancers. While ER-positive breast cancers respond well to adjuvant hormone therapy, ER-negative tumors are generally resistant. To date, no attempts have succeeded in finding molecular markers for classifying ER-negative breast cancers with respect to postoperative prognosis. To identify a set of prognostic markers for this type of cancer, we used a cDNA microarray consisting of 25,344 human genes to investigate expression profiles of ten primary breast cancers from patients who had died of breast cancer within 5 years after surgery (5y-D) and 10 from patients who had survived disease-free for more than 5 years (5y-S). Sets of genes characterizing each group were identified by Mann-Whitney and random-permutation tests. We documented 71 genes with higher expression in the 5y-D group than in the 5y-S group, and 15 with higher expression in the 5y-S group than in the 5y-D group. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR experiments were carried out to confirm the results of the microarray analysis. We established a scoring system for predicting postoperative prognosis of ER-negative breast cancers on the basis of aberrant gene expression. The list of genes reported here provides valuable information with regard to progression of breast cancer and is a source of possible target molecules for development of novel drugs to treat patients with ER-negative breast cancers.
Automatic Mass-Spectrometric Analysis: Preliminary Report on Development of a Novel Mass-Spectrometric System for Biomedical Applications (1974)

Abstract A mass spectrograph, coupled to automatic sample preparation devices and an electro-optical ion detector/ computer system, capable of detecting many ion species simultaneously, presents a promising new approach to biomedical analysis. It will permit simultaneous multicomponent analysis of appropriately prepared samples and may detect as little as 10-15 g of a single component. This approach offers significant advantages over other methods, including conventional mass spectrometry.
Self‐optimising intelligent distributed antenna system for geographic load balancing (2014)

Increase in number of mobile users, generates unbalanced load traffic in wireless network. In this study, a load‐balancing solution is investigated in order to optimise quality of service. An intelligent distributed antenna system (IDAS) fed by a base transceiver station (BTS) has the ability to distribute the cellular capacity over a given geographic area depending on the time‐varying traffic. A virtual cell network is an IDAS with capacity routing capability. To enable load balancing among distributed antenna modules, the authors dynamically allocate the remote antenna modules to the BTS sectors. A self‐organised network of virtual cells is formulated as an optimisation problem, which attempts to balance traffic load and minimises the hand‐offs as two important cost factors in the network. Two evolutionary algorithms are proposed for optimisation: genetic algorithm and estimation distribution algorithm. Computational results of different traffic scenarios after performing the algorithms, demonstrate that the two algorithms attain excellent key performance indicators for small‐scale networks.
Pairwise Testing in Real World (2006)

Pairwise testing has become an indispensable tool in a software tester’s toolbox. The technique has been known for almost twenty years [22] but it is the last five years that we have seen a tremendous increase in its popularity. Information on at least 19 tools that can generate pairwise test cases, have so far been published [1]. Most tools, however, lack practical features necessary for them to be used in industry. This paper describes PICT, a tool built on top of a flexible combinatorial test case generation engine, which implements several concepts of practical importance.
Thrombin-bound conformation of the C-terminal fragments of hirudin determined by transferred nuclear Overhauser effects (1990)

The interaction of the C-terminal fragments (residues 52-65 and 55-65) of the thrombin-specific inhibitor hirudin with bovine thrombin was studied by use of one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques in aqueous solution. Thrombin induces specific line broadening of the proton resonances of residues Asp(55) to Gln(65) of the synthetic hirudin fragments H-Asn-Asp-Gly-Asp(55)-Phe-Glu-Glu-Ile-Pro-Glu-Glu-Tyr(63)-Leu-Gln-COOH and acetyl-Asp(55)-Phe-Glu-Glu-Ile-Pro-Glu-Glu-Tyr(63)-Leu-Gln-COOH. This demonstrates that residues 55-65 are the predominant binding site of hirudin fragments with thrombin. Hirudin fragments take on a well-defined structure when bound to thrombin as indicated by several long-range transferred NOEs between the backbone and side-chain protons of the peptides, but they are not structured when free in solution. Particularly, transferred NOEs exist between the alpha CH proton of Glu(61) and the NH proton of Leu(64) [d alpha N(i,i+3)], between the alpha CH proton of Glu(61) and the beta CH2 protons of Leu(64) [d alpha beta(i,i+3)], and between the alpha CH proton of Glu(62) and the gamma CH2 protons of Gln(65) [d alpha gamma(i,i+3)]. These NOEs are characteristic of an alpha-helical structure involving residues Glu(61) to Gln(65). There are also NOEs between the side-chain protons of residues Phe(56), Ile(59), Pro(60), Tyr(63), and Leu(64). Distance geometry calculations suggest that in the structure of the thrombin-bound hirudin peptides all the charged residues lie on the opposite side of a hydrophobic cluster formed by the nonpolar side chains of residues Phe(56), Ile(59), Pro(60), Tyr(63), and Leu(64).
Modeling Electromagnetic Force and Axial-Stiffness for an Electromagnetic Negative-Stiffness Spring Toward Vibration Isolation (2019)

In this paper, a novel electromagnetic negative-stiffness spring (ENSS) is constructed by coaxial permanent annular magnets and coils with rectangular cross section. The stiffness of the ENSS is negative when the coils carry exciting current. In the stiffness characterization study, the analytical model of the ENSS based on filament method is established and validated experimentally. With the stiffness model, the factors affecting the electromagnetic force and stiffness characteristics are investigated in a quantitative way. The effectiveness of a vibration isolator based on the ENSS is tested on a prototype isolator. The relationships between the transmissibility and the exciting frequency are measured under diverse amount of exciting currents. The experiment results demonstrate that the performance of the isolator can be easily tuned online.
Synthesis of 2-, 4-, and 7-methylthio-substituted cephalosporins (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 2-, 4-, and 7-methylthio-substituted cephalosporinsH. E. Applegate, C. M. Cimarusti, J. E. Dolfini, P. T. Funke, W. H. Koster, M. S. Puar, W. A. Slusarchyk, and M. G. YoungCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 5, 811–818Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01319a033https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01319a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1294Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A hemodynamically responsive antitachycardia system. Development and basis for design in humans. (1990)

Current automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillators detect tachyarrhythmias primarily by rate-only algorithms and cannot adequately distinguish hemodynamically stable from unstable tachyarrhythmias. The responses of right atrial (mean) and right ventricular pressures (mean, systolic, diastolic, and pulse) to 64 induced and paced supraventricular and ventricular tachyarrhythmias were studied in 10 patients (left ventricular ejection fraction of 32 +/- 6%) to develop an algorithm capable of differentiating stable from unstable rhythms. Tachyarrhythmias were defined as hemodynamically unstable when mean arterial pressure decreased by 25 mm Hg or more during 15 seconds. Mean right atrial, right ventricular systolic, and right ventricular pulse pressures were found to be useful in distinguishing the hemodynamic significance of a tachyarrhythmia. A combined detection algorithm was developed that identified a hemodynamically unstable rhythm when the heart rate was 150 beats/min or more and mean right atrial pressure increased by 4 mm Hg or more and right ventricular systolic pressure decreased by 5 mm Hg or more during 15 seconds. This algorithm was then applied to the next 20 consecutive patients (left ventricular ejection fraction of 34 +/- 4%) and compared with the current rate-only algorithm (heart rate of 150 beats/min or more) in 143 tachyarrhythmias, and the sensitivity and specificity for detection of hemodynamically unstable tachyarrhythmias were determined. The rate-only detection algorithm had 100% sensitivity but only 68% specificity for detection of unstable tachyarrhythmias, whereas the combined rate-mean right atrial pressure-right ventricular systolic pressure detection algorithm had sensitivity and specificity of 100%. Therefore, the performance of an antitachycardia system may be significantly improved by detection algorithms that integrate hemodynamic and rate criteria.
<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Adhesin Binding Fucosylated Histo-Blood Group Antigens Revealed by Retagging (1998)

The bacterium Helicobacter pylori is the causative agent for peptic ulcer disease. Bacterial adherence to the human gastric epithelial lining is mediated by the fucosylated Lewis b (Leb) histo-blood group antigen. The Leb-binding adhesin, BabA, was purified by receptor activity-directed affinity tagging. The bacterial Leb-binding phenotype was associated with the presence of the cag pathogenicity island among clinical isolates of H. pylori. A vaccine strategy based on the BabA adhesin might serve as a means to target the virulent type I strains of H. pylori.
High resolution scan mode SAR using compressive sensing (2013)

Conventional scan-mode synthetic aperture radar (SAR) covers a large area at the expense of reduced azimuth resolution, compared to other operation modes. In this paper, we develop a high resolution scan-mode SAR using random steering and compressive sensing (CS) based techniques. Our approach randomizes the beam steering pattern of conventional scan-mode SAR in both azimuth and range directions such that each pulse beam illuminates a different, randomly chosen, part of the area of interest. We model the image to be reconstructed as a combination of a sparse and a dense component, and combine sparse recovery with least squares methods to estimate them. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed randomly steered scan-mode SAR can improve imaging resolution without compromising the covered area size.
Low-noise microwave generation using an on-chip Brillouin laser (2013)

An on-chip Brillouin microwave source is demonstrated. Phase noise of -106 dBc/Hz at 100kHz offset frequency (21.6 GHz carrier signal) is measured. A record low white phase noise floor for a microcavity-based source is demonstrated.
Binocular combination and fractional differential based 3D image quality assessment (2015)

Three dimensional image quality assessment (3DIQA) is an important issue for three-dimensional video technologies and faces more challenges than its two-dimensional counterparts. In this paper, a novel 3DIQA method is proposed based on human visual system considering the influence of binocular combination between the left and right views of stereo image. To be more specific, difference-of-Gaussian response is defined and used to construct cyclopean images of stereo images. Also, fractional differential masks are defined instead of the gradient operator to improve image local feature. Then, a fractional differential-based feature similarity metric is used to derive a single quality score. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves better consistency with subjective quality assessment compared with other representative methods.
Therapeutic Exosome Preparations: Relative Bioactivities of Intra‐ and Extra‐Vesicular Components (2018)

Adult progenitor cells from the heart known as cardiosphere derived cells (CDCs) are therapeutic candidates in active clinical development for conditions including heart failure, pulmonary hypertension and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The mechanism of action of CDCs is paracrine, mediated principally by the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) known as exosomes. Progenitor cell EVs represent an exciting therapeutic opportunity, but the ideal culture conditions and isolation methods are still under investigation. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of various conventional EV isolation methods upon signaling, uptake, and viability in human vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), cardiac fibroblasts, and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRVMs). Specifically, we sought to distinguish effects attributable to the EVs themselves from those of external factors co‐isolated with, or adherent to, the EVs. EVs were concentrated from CDC‐conditioned medium by ultrafiltration using molecular weight cutoffs (MWCO) ranging from 3 kD to 1000 kD. We also concentrated the flow‐through from each preparation using 3 kD filters. HUVECs and NRVMs were exposed to concentrated conditioned medium (CCM) containing 5×10 8 EVs/mL, and ERK1/2 and Akt were assessed by Western blot. The degree of activation of ERK1/2 and Akt increased with increasing protein levels as MWCO decreased. The flow‐through from the 1000 kD and 100 kD preparations was also highly bioactive, indicating that freely‐diffusible growth factors contribute to ERK/Akt signaling. Preservation of viability in HUVECs subjected to growth factor withdrawal followed a similar pattern; however, the flow‐through did not enhance viability as effectively as it activated kinase signaling pathways. To assess the contribution of exosomal surface proteins or lipid mediators to activation of signaling, enhancement of viability, and uptake of EVs, we performed (1) thorough buffer exchange in 100 kD UFC filters, and (2) proteinase K treatment of the CCM. We found that “clean” 100 kD EVs did not activate ERK1/2 or Akt in any of the cell types tested, nor did they enhance viability upon growth factor withdrawal. Nevertheless, these EVs were taken up by HUVECs, and they were equally effective to 3 kD CCM/EVs (retaining all growth factors) in reducing the expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules after TNF stimulation. Proteinase K treated EVs did not induce ERK/Akt signaling or enhance viability. We conclude that soluble paracrine factors produced by CDCs activate pro‐survival and proliferative signaling pathways in cardiac cell types which enhance the effectiveness of EVs. While certain in vitro effects are attributable to EVs themselves, free growth factors contribute to bioactivity in conventional preparations of extracellular vesicles. Support or Funding Information Department of Defense Award W81XWH‐16‐1‐0592 This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
Additional disulfide bonds in insulin: Prediction, recombinant expression, receptor binding affinity, and stability (2015)

The structure of insulin, a glucose homeostasis-controlling hormone, is highly conserved in all vertebrates and stabilized by three disulfide bonds. Recently, we designed a novel insulin analogue containing a fourth disulfide bond located between positions A10-B4. The N-terminus of insulin's B-chain is flexible and can adapt multiple conformations. We examined how well disulfide bond predictions algorithms could identify disulfide bonds in this region of insulin. In order to identify stable insulin analogues with additional disulfide bonds, which could be expressed, the Cβ cut-off distance had to be increased in many instances and single X-ray structures as well as structures from MD simulations had to be used. The analogues that were identified by the algorithm without extensive adjustments of the prediction parameters were more thermally stable as assessed by DSC and CD and expressed in higher yields in comparison to analogues with additional disulfide bonds that were more difficult to predict. In contrast, addition of the fourth disulfide bond rendered all analogues resistant to fibrillation under stress conditions and all stable analogues bound to the insulin receptor with picomolar affinities. Thus activity and fibrillation propensity did not correlate with the results from the prediction algorithm. Statement: A fourth disulfide bond has recently been introduced into insulin, a small two-chain protein containing three native disulfide bonds. Here we show that a prediction algorithm predicts four additional four disulfide insulin analogues which could be expressed. Although the location of the additional disulfide bonds is only slightly shifted, this shift impacts both stability and activity of the resulting insulin analogues.
Simulation of delivery of subnanosecond electric pulses into biological tissues (2012)

Delivery of subnanosecond pulses into biological tissue can be undertaken by an impulse radiating antenna (IRA). Previous analysis shows that it is important to add a dielectric lens, which reduces the abrupt change of dielectric constant from air to tissue and therefore increases the transmission of the pulses. As a proof of concept, we have simulated subnanosecond pulsed radiation focused into a tissue simulant which consists of homogeneous, hemisphere tissues using 3-D electromagnetic solver, CST Microwave Studio. The simulation of an IRA in conjunction of a lens indicates subnanosecond pulses can be focused 6 cm below tissue surface with a spot diameter approximately 1 cm. The focal point coincides with the geometric focus of the IRA. However, this result is only valid for a tissue with a low conductivity (σ< 0.3 S/m). For lossier tissues, the electric field decreases from the surface monotonically as the subnanosecond pulses penetrate in depth. Two approaches were proposed to solve this problem. One was to use an inhomogeneous dielectric lens, with lossy material partially filled, to attenuate the incident field in the small azimuthal angles but to spare the field in the larger azimuthal angels. A desirable focusing was observed. The second approach was to use a dipole antenna in conjunction with the impulse radiating antenna. The dipole antenna decreases the surface field intensity generated by the aperture antenna, but at the destination, the field will be mostly given by the aperture antenna, resulting in a focusing.
Molecular Analyses in Diagnosis of High Genetic Predispositions to Malignancies. (2000)

This publication summarizes recent progress in DNA testing of genes related to high predisposition to malignancies achieved by Hereditary Cancer Center in Szczecin, Poland.
Preparative resolution of some 5,5‐hydantoin derivatives via formation of diastereoisomeric salts (1992)

Abstract Several preparative resolutions of 5,5‐disubstituted hydantoins have been achieved via fractional crystallization of diastereoisomeric salts. The process can be extended by making use of the difference between the variation of solubilities of the hydantoins and their salts with α‐methylbenzylamine as a function of the alkalinity of the medium. Optimization for each resolution procedure involves a refinement of the excess amount of base needed. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Viewing Angle Performance of a Polarization Interference Filter Based Passive Matrix Display (2002)

Polarization interference filter (PIF) based liquid crystal displays (LCD) have previously been shown to provide high brightness and good color saturation. These devices do not make use of color filters and therefore provide higher resolution and brightness. Such devices can be driven using active or passive matrix driving. In this paper we investigate the viewing angle (VA) performance of a passive matrix display which uses double layer super twisted nematic (DSTN) LCDs. The application of a negative birefringence film and biaxial retarders to improve the VA performance was modeled using the extended Jones matrix calculation and compared to the ideal positive birefringence compensator of the DSTN. The display's color sensitivity with respect to retarder angle and retardance was also modeled for typical manufacturing tolerances.