gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a cystic fibrosis screening system incorporating a miniature sweat stimulator and disposable chloride sensor. (1986)

A new sweat test (CF Indicator; Medtronic, Inc.) for cystic fibrosis (CF) features a compact, portable configuration of electrodes that dispense pilocarpine for iontophoresis. A disposable chloride sensor patch absorbs a specified volume of sweat, in which the chloride concentration is immediately determined as less than 40, 40-60, or greater than 60 mmol/L. We assessed the performance of the system in a five-center study, in relation to the clinical diagnosis and to the Gibson-Cooke sweat test (GCST) as a control test. With sweat chloride concentrations of less than or equal to 40 mmol/L defined as normal and greater than 40 mmol/L as indicating persons at risk for CF, the new system showed 91% specificity and 100% sensitivity for CF, as compared with 92.8% and 100%, respectively, for the GCST. When we used sweat chloride concentrations of less than or equal to 60 mmol/L as probably normal and greater than 60 mmol/L as probably indicative of CF, the new system showed a 99.1% specificity and 98.6% sensitivity, vs 97.8% specificity and 97.9% sensitivity for the GCST test. In both procedures, occasionally insufficient sweat was collected, and this appeared related to the age of the subject. We conclude that the new sweat test system is potentially useful in physicians' offices, in clinics, and similar settings.
Reynolds-number scaling of vortex pinch-off on low-aspect-ratio propulsors (2016)

Impulsively started, low-aspect-ratio elliptical flat plates have been investigated experimentally to understand the vortex pinch-off dynamics at transitional and fully turbulent Reynolds numbers. The range of Reynolds numbers investigated is representative of those observed in animals that employ rowing and paddling modes of drag-based propulsion and manoeuvring. Elliptical flat plates with five aspect ratios ranging from one to two have been considered, as abstractions of propulsor planforms found in nature. It has been shown that Reynolds-number scaling is primarily determined by plate aspect ratio in terms of both drag forces and vortex pinch-off. Due to vortex-ring growth time scales that are longer than those associated with the development of flow instabilities, the scaling of drag is Reynolds-number-dependent for the aspect-ratio-one flat plate. With increasing aspect ratio, the Reynolds-number dependency decreases as a result of the shorter growth time scales associated with high-aspect-ratio elliptical vortex rings. Large drag peaks are observed during early-stage vortex growth for the higher-aspect-ratio flat plates. The collapse of these peaks with Reynolds number provides insight into the evolutionary convergence process of propulsor planforms used in drag-based swimming modes over diverse scales towards aspect ratios greater than one.
Holographic fabrication of photonic crystals using multidimensional phase masks (2008)

This paper reports the experimental approaches to the fabrication of two-layer integrated phase masks and the fabrication of photonic crystal templates using the phase mask based on holographic lithography technique. The photonic crystal template is formed by exposing photoresist mixtures to five-beam interference patterns generated through the phase mask. The fabricated phase mask consists of two layers of orthogonally oriented gratings produced in a liquid crystal and photoresist mixture. A polymerization-induced phase separation preserves the grating structure during the exposure. The vertical spatial separation between two layers of gratings produces a phase difference among diffracted laser beams, which enables the holographic fabrication of diamondlike photonic crystal structures. The fabricated photonic crystal structure is consistent with simulations based on the five-beam interference. The two-layer phase mask opens up an opportunity of direct printing photonic structures.
Modern Workshop Industry in Mexico: on its way to Collective Efficiency? (1992)

Summary The article uses the example of garment production in a small Mexican town to explore and elaborate on one central concept in the flexible specialisation approach: collective efficiency. Particular weight is put on the emergence of single?sex networks in the community during past periods of male out migration. In the early industrialisation phase (30 years ago), the men's networks facilitated the development of forms of mutual assistance amongst clusters of workshop enterprises while women's networks were the channels through which labour could be recruited. The article stresses the importance of past social and economic collectivities in underpinning the initial growth of workshop?based industry but also points to the later pressures serving to heighten competition and individualism and undermining the basis for collective efficiency. Résumé L'atelier de fabrication moderne au Mexique: une industrie en voie d'efficacité collective? Dans son article, l'auteur considère l'exemple de la production vestimentaire dans une petite ville du Mexique pour explorer et pour détailler plus minutieusement un concept central dans l'approche de la spécialisation souple: à savoir, l'efficacité collective. Une emphase particulière est accordée à l'apparition dans cette communauté de réseaux de travailleurs exclusivement féminins au cours de périodes antérieures de migration extérieure parmi les travailleurs masculins. Dans la phase d'industrialisation initiale (il y a 30 ans), les réseaux masculins ont facilité le développement de types d'entr'aide parmi divers groupes d'entreprises en atelier, alors que les réseaux féminins étaient les voies empruntées pour le recrutement de la main?d'oeuvre. L'article souligne l'importance des collectivités sociales et économiques antérieures pour étayer la croissance initiale de l'industrie basée dans les ateliers; et souligne aussi quels ont été les pressions qui ont ultérieurement servi à augmenter la compétivité et l'individualisme et donc, à ébranler les bases de l'efficacité collective. Resumen La industria moderna de taller en México: en camino a la eficiencia colectiva El artículo usa como ejemplo la fabricación de prendas de vestir en una pequeña ciudad de México para explorar y elaborar un concepto central dentro del enfoque de especialización flexible: la eficiencia colectiva. Se la da mucho peso al surgimiento de redes laborales femeninas en la comunidad durante los períodos ya pasados de migración masculina. En la fase de industrialización original (hace 30 años) las redes laborales masculinas facilitaron el desarrollo de formas de asistencia mutua mientras que las redes laborales femeninas eran las vías para reclutar mano de obra. En este artículo se acentúa la importancia de las colectividades sociales y económicas en el pasado en el apuntalamiento del crecimiento inicial de esas industrias?taller, pero también indica las presiones posteriores para incrementar la competencia y el individualismo y minar las bases de la eficiencia colectiva.
Gate-Recessed InAlN/GaN HEMTs on SiC Substrate With $ \hbox{Al}_{2}\hbox{O}_{3}$ Passivation (2009)

We studied submicrometer (L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G</sub> = 0.15-0.25 ¿m) gate-recessed InAlN/AlN/GaN high-electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) on SiC substrates with 25-nm Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> passivation. The combination of a low-damage gate-recess technology and the low sheet resistance of the InAlN/AlN/GaN structure resulted in HEMTs with a maximum dc output current density of I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DS,max</sub> = 1.5 A/mm and a record peak extrinsic transconductance of g <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m,ext</sub> = 675 mS/mm. The thin Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> passivation improved the sheet resistance and the transconductance of these devices by 15% and 25%, respectively, at the same time that it effectively suppressed current collapse.
Data Auditorio: Towards Intense Interaction, An Interactive Hyper-Directional Sound For Play And Ubiquity (2014)

(Abstract to follow)
Old Man Coyote Stories: Cross-Cultural Story Understanding in the Genesis Story Understanding System (2014)

Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2014.
Current trends in the evaluation and management of female urinary incontinence (2006)

Despite its common occurrence and often seemingly obvious causes, female urinary incontinence requires a thorough and thoughtful evaluation for its proper diagnosis and treatment. With rare exceptions, urinary incontinence is the result of failure of the sphincter mechanism to resist bladder pressures encountered during daily activities. This may be the result of sphincter failure, overactivity of the bladder detrusor muscle or both. In uncomplicated cases, the diagnosis is usually based on an evaluation in the office. Urodynamic and cystoscopic study may be helpful in complex, resistant and recurring cases of urinary incontinence of any cause. Most cases of incontinence may be classified as stress, urge or mixed urinary incontinence. Treatment of stress urinary incontinence focuses on supplementing the urethral continence mechanisms, particularly the urethral supports and periurethral striated muscle function. The current paradigm for the treatment of urge incontinence centres on pharmacologic therapy, primarily by correcting detrusor overactivity with antimuscarinic drugs. Other therapies aimed at altering sensorimotor function may be used in resistant cases. The treatment of mixed urinary incontinence requires consideration of the contribution of each of its components. With proper diagnosis, effective treatment is possible for most patients.
Some Considerations of Multichannel Electrical Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve in the Profoundly Deaf; Interfacing Electrode Arrays with the Auditory Nerve Array (1979)

The problems inherent in development of multichannel electrical stimulation prosthetic devices with potential application to profoundly deaf subjects have been summarized, collectively, by a number of scientists who have considered overall developmental strategy in the framework of basic cochlear anatomy and pathology, cochlear physiology and the speech sciences; within the framework of clinical application; and within the framework of feasible engineering (e.g., see Simmons, 1969; Kiang, 1975; Kiang & Moxon, 1972; Merzenich, 1975; Schindler et al., 1977; Black, 1978). Obvious requirements for such devices include: (a) Electrodes must excite the auditory nerve in an appropriate way. (Only some of the characteristics of what constitutes an “appropriate way” have been resolved.) (b) Implanted devices and surgical implantation procedures must be acceptably safe; they must not lead to significant further destruction of the auditory nerve array, (c) Electrical stimulation at required current levels must be safe, and nondestructive re the auditory nerve array, (d) Appropriate “optimal” coding of sound must be defined for both speech processing and nerve stimulation stages of implanted devices. (e) Implantable electrodes and electrode driving hardware and external sound processing devices delivering “optimally coded” information must be fabricated. Surival characteristics of implantable devices must guarantee lifelong operation of the multielectrode array and acceptably long survival (and a convenient replacement strategy) for implanted telemetry hardware.
<sup>18</sup>F-ICMT-11, a Caspase-3–Specific PET Tracer for Apoptosis: Biodistribution and Radiation Dosimetry (2013)

(18)F-ICMT-11 is a safe PET tracer with a dosimetry profile comparable to other common (18)F PET tracers. These data support the further development of (18)F-ICMT-11 for clinical imaging of apoptosis.
Graphical control of autonomous, virtual vehicles (2002)

This paper presents some of the developments we made with the goal of allowing a friendly control and simulation of a large number of autonomous agents based in behavior in interactive real-time systems. Our work has been specially oriented to the simulation and control of autonomous vehicles and pedestrians in the preparation of scenarios to driving simulation experiments in the DriS simulator. Because every element is intrinsically autonomous, only a few of them are usually addressed to implement the desired study event. Also, because our model is autonomous and controllable, we can use the same model in the implementation of both environment traffic and controlled vehicles. Our scripting language is based in Grafcet, a well known graphical language used in the specification and programming of industrial controllers. Our technique allows the imposition of both short time orders and long time goals to each autonomous element. Orders can be triggered reactively using sensors that monitor the state of virtual traffic and configurable timers that generate all the necessary fixed and variable time events.
Stress & the gut-brain axis: Regulation by the microbiome (2017)

The importance of the gut-brain axis in regulating stress-related responses has long been appreciated. More recently, the microbiota has emerged as a key player in the control of this axis, especially during conditions of stress provoked by real or perceived homeostatic challenge. Diet is one of the most important modifying factors of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The routes of communication between the microbiota and brain are slowly being unravelled, and include the vagus nerve, gut hormone signaling, the immune system, tryptophan metabolism, and microbial metabolites such as short chain fatty acids. The importance of the early life gut microbiota in shaping later health outcomes also is emerging. Results from preclinical studies indicate that alterations of the early microbial composition by way of antibiotic exposure, lack of breastfeeding, birth by Caesarean section, infection, stress exposure, and other environmental influences - coupled with the influence of host genetics - can result in long-term modulation of stress-related physiology and behaviour. The gut microbiota has been implicated in a variety of stress-related conditions including anxiety, depression and irritable bowel syndrome, although this is largely based on animal studies or correlative analysis in patient populations. Additional research in humans is sorely needed to reveal the relative impact and causal contribution of the microbiome to stress-related disorders. In this regard, the concept of psychobiotics is being developed and refined to encompass methods of targeting the microbiota in order to positively impact mental health outcomes. At the 2016 Neurobiology of Stress Workshop in Newport Beach, CA, a group of experts presented the symposium "The Microbiome: Development, Stress, and Disease". This report summarizes and builds upon some of the key concepts in that symposium within the context of how microbiota might influence the neurobiology of stress.
Weed Control in Cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i>) in the Humid Tropics (1982)

At least two weedings within the first 5 weeks after sowing are necessary to minimize yield reduction caused by weeds in cowpea [ Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]. During a 3-yr study, a preemergence application of metolachlor [2-chloro- N -(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)- N -(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide] at 2.0 to 3.0 kg/ha, DCPA (dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate) at 10.0 kg/ha, or pendimethalin [ N -(1-ethylpropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine] at 2.0 or 2.5 kg/ha controlled most annual grasses effectively. Itchgrass ( Rottboellia exaltata L.) was controlled with pendimethalin at 2.5 kg/ha, but metolachlor had no effect on this weed. These herbicides caused no crop injury and cowpea grain yield was as good as in the handweeded and weed-free plots. Alachlor [2-chloro-2′, 6′-diethyl- N -(methoxymethyl) acetanilide] applied preemergence at 2.0 kg/ha was effective against annual weeds, but was phytotoxic to cowpea.
Optical fibre nanowires and microwires: a review (2010)

Optical fibre nanowires and microwires offer a variety of enabling properties, including large evanescent fields, flexibility, configurability, high confinement, robustness and compactness. These distinctive features have been exploited in a wealth of applications ranging from telecommunication devices to sensors, from optical manipulation to high Q resonators. In this paper I will review the fundamentals and applications of nanowires and microwires manufactured from optical fibres.
Performance of inter-chip RF-interconnect using CPW, capacitive coupler, and UWB transceiver (2005)

A novel inter-chip RF-interconnect system operating in the range of 22-29 GHz is described and analyzed in terms of system bit error rate (BER) performance. After characterizing the interconnect channel, plotting the transmitted and received ultra-wideband pulses, and estimating the switching noise power density by proposing a novel switching noise attack model, we finally get the results of the system performance. It is shown that the performance degrades with the interconnect distance and the switching noise attacker number. It is concluded that a high data rate at 3.33 Gb/s with a low BER<10/sup -5/ over the entire chip of size 30/spl times/30 mm/sup 2/ is achievable with the radiated power density less than -41 dBm/MHz (or the average transmitted power less than -2.85 dBm).
Neutral oxorhenium(V) complexes with tridentate dithiolates and monodentate alkane- or arene-thiolate coligands (1995)

Oxorhenium(V) complexes [ReO(SXS)(SR)](where HSXSH = 3-thia- or 3-oxa-pentane-1,5-dithiol and RSH = alkane- or arene-thiol) have been synthesized by a ligand exchange reaction of [NEt3(CH2Ph)][ReOCl4] with a mixture of HSXSH and RSH in methanol–acetonitrile. The compounds were purified by column chromatography or preparative TLC and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The structure of (4-methoxybenzenethiolato)(3-oxapentane-1,5-dithiolato)oxorhenium(V) has been determined by X-ray crystallography. The co-ordination is square-pyramidal with the Re atom displaced from the basal plane by 0.728 Å. Co-ordination of the ether group is indicated by the short Re–O(ether) bond distance of 2.103 Å.
FenF: Servicing the Mycosubtilin Synthetase Assembly Line <i>in trans</i> (2007)

AT your service. We report the expression and characterization of FenF from mycosubtilin biosynthesis. This work represents the first kinetic and selectivity studies performed on an in trans AT domain servicing a polyketide synthase (PKS), and revealed a strong acyl-group specificity and broad promiscuity toward substrate carrier proteins. The lack of specificity in FenF-mediated malonyl transfer suggests that this protein might prove a powerful tool for combinatorial biosynthesis.
Advanced Engine Cooling Thermal Management System on a Dual Voltage 42V-14V Minivan (2001)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Today the worldwide convergence towards stricter fuel consumption and emission regulations is pushing carmakers and suppliers into new fields of innovation. Valeo Engine Cooling, VEC, is contributing towards these goals by applying its thermal management system expertise in order to reduce fuel consumption and emissions by using an advanced engine cooling system that incorporated variable speed PWM fans, an electric water pump and an electric water control valve.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The paper discusses the benefits in terms of engine cooling, fuel economy and emissions over the FTP drive cycle. The paper gives some examples of advanced engine cooling strategies based on a virtual, predictive metal temperature sensor that is used to actuate the electrical water pump at the desired flow rate. The electrical balance between the 42V pump and fans has also been optimized to reduce the vehicle electrical power consumption and to keep the coolant temperature close to 110°C.</div>
Incorporation of Water-Soluble and Water-Insoluble Ruthenium Complexes into Zirconium Phosphate Films Fabricated by the Layer-by-Layer Adsorption and Reaction Method (2008)

Water-soluble tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) complex (Rubpy) and water-insoluble tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) complex (Rudpp) were successfully incorporated into zirconium phosphate (ZrPS) films fabricated by a facile layer-by-layer (LbL) adsorption and reaction method. Rubpy-incorporated ZrPS films were fabricated by the LbL adsorption and reaction method employing a mixture solution of Rubpy and phosphate salt. Rubpy was incorporated into ZrPS films during the formation of ZrPS layers because of the electrostatic interaction between them. Rudpp was dissolved in the mixture solution of aqueous phosphate salt and ethanol and was incorporated into ZrPS films through the formation of ethanol preintercalated ZrPS layers. The successful incorporation of Rubpy and Rudpp into ZrPS films was confirmed by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. Rubpy and Rudpp have concentrations of 0.915 x 10 (14) and 3.23 x 10 (14) molecules/cm (2) in each ZrPS layer, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy measurements indicate that the as-prepared Rubpy-incorporated ZrPS films are smooth while the as-prepared Rudpp-incorporated ZrPS films are porous. The porous Rudpp-incorporated ZrPS films are suitable to use as oxygen sensors because the luminescence of Rudpp incorporated into the ZrPS films can be quenched by oxygen and the porous film structure facilitates the permeation of oxygen into and out of the film.
Linking EDI to MRPII to reduce cycle time (1994)

Discusses various aspects of linking EDI to MRPII to reduce cycle time. In particular the authors consider: EDI and quality; Benefits of EDI/MRPII; Reengineering; Linking EDI to MRPII. Results in tabular form are given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Real-Time Systems (2000)

From the Publisher:
Real-Time Systems is both a valuable reference for professionals and an advanced text for Computer Science and Computer Engineering students. 

Real world real-time applications based on research and practice

State-of-the-art algorithms and methods for validation

Methods for end-to-end scheduling and resource management

More than 100 illustrations to enhance understanding

Comprehensive treatment of the technology known as RMA (rate-monotonic analysis) methods

A supplemental Companion Website www.prenhall.com/liu