gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Towards Er-doped Si nanocrystal sensitized microcavity lasers and amplifiers (2004)

Planar erbium-doped optical amplifiers are being developed to compensate for losses that occur in photonic integrated circuits in which functions such as guiding, splitting, switching, and wavelength multiplexing are combined on a single chip. Lasers, doped with erbium, could serve as sources in communication networks operating around 1.5 pm or in optical interconnects or optical clocks in Si-based electronic integrated circuits.
Establishment of an immortalized cell line and transplantable xenograft from a bronchioloalveolar lung carcinoma of a cat (2002)

Both the cell line and xenograft retained their autochthonous BAC phenotype, making them useful for the subsequent dissection of molecular abnormalities in feline BAC and in vitro screening of chemotherapeutic agents.
INHIBITORY EFFECT OF PLASMA FKBP12 ON IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE ACTIVITY OF FK5061,2 (1995)

To evaluate the roles of extracellular FKBP12, we examined the effect of extracellular FKBP12 on the immunosuppressive activity of FK506 in vitro and clinically. The ability of FK506 to suppress phytohemagglutinin-induced proliferative response of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells was inhibited in the presence of recombinant FKBP12 dose-dependently. We measured plasma levels of FKBP12 using a newly developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system in 34 patients receiving FK506 after liver transplantation. In 7 patients with acute cellular rejection, plasma FKBP12 increased significantly at the onset of rejection compared with 1 week before onset (P < 0.05) and further increased to or remained at more than 250 ng/ml 1 week after onset. In 22 of 27 patients without acute cellular rejection, plasma FKBP12 was less than 70 ng/ml during the 4 weeks after transplantation. In the other 5 of 27 patients without acute cellular rejection, plasma FKBP12 exceeded 250 ng/ml. Rapid increase of plasma FKBP12 was observed in only one of these 5 patients, at the onset of high fever due to a liver abscess. There was no significant difference in whole blood trough levels of FK506 between the patients with or without acute cellular rejection. These results suggest that the rapid increase in plasma levels of FKBP12 may contribute to the occurrence and progress of acute cellular rejection probably by inhibiting the immunosuppressive activity of FK506.
Comparative analysis of the end-joining activity of several DNA ligases (2017)

DNA ligases catalyze the repair of phosphate backbone breaks in DNA, acting with highest activity on breaks in one strand of duplex DNA. Some DNA ligases have also been observed to ligate two DNA fragments with short complementary overhangs or blunt-ended termini. In this study, several wild-type DNA ligases (phage T3, T4, and T7 DNA ligases, Paramecium bursaria chlorella virus 1 (PBCV1) DNA ligase, human DNA ligase 3, and Escherichia coli DNA ligase) were tested for their ability to ligate DNA fragments with several difficult to ligate end structures (blunt-ended termini, 3'- and 5'- single base overhangs, and 5'-two base overhangs). This analysis revealed that T4 DNA ligase, the most common enzyme utilized for in vitro ligation, had its greatest activity on blunt- and 2-base overhangs, and poorest on 5'-single base overhangs. Other ligases had different substrate specificity: T3 DNA ligase ligated only blunt ends well; PBCV1 DNA ligase joined 3'-single base overhangs and 2-base overhangs effectively with little blunt or 5'- single base overhang activity; and human ligase 3 had highest activity on blunt ends and 5'-single base overhangs. There is no correlation of activity among ligases on blunt DNA ends with their activity on single base overhangs. In addition, DNA binding domains (Sso7d, hLig3 zinc finger, and T4 DNA ligase N-terminal domain) were fused to PBCV1 DNA ligase to explore whether modified binding to DNA would lead to greater activity on these difficult to ligate substrates. These engineered ligases showed both an increased binding affinity for DNA and increased activity, but did not alter the relative substrate preferences of PBCV1 DNA ligase, indicating active site structure plays a role in determining substrate preference.
Catch the Shadow: Person Tracking Under Occlusion with a Single RGB-D Camera (2019)

Locomotion in physical space is one of the most natural forms of interaction in applications such as virtual reality systems. Although there are many algorithms to track walking people, existing methods mostly fail to cope with occluded bodies in the setting of multi-person tracking with one camera. This paper proposes a method to overcome this challenge by fusing skeletal with shadow data, both of which are captured by a single RGB-D camera. Skeletal tracking provides the positions of people that can be captured directly, while their shadows are used to track them when they are no longer visible. Our experiments confirm that this method can efficiently handle full occlusions. It thus has substantial value in resolving the occlusion problem in multi-person tracking, even with other kinds of cameras.
Identification of the Female Japanese Beetle Sex Pheromone: Inhibition of Male Response by an Enantiomer (1977)

(Z)-5-(1-Decenyl)dihydro-2(3H)-furanone, isolated from virgin female Japanese beetles (Popillia japonica) attracted males of the species infield bioassays. However, the synthesized racemic mixture of this compound did not attract male Japanese beetles. The Z and E isomers and the saturated analog of both enantiomers of this compound were synthesized stereospecifically. Pure synthetic (R,Z)-5-(1-decenyl)dihydro-2(3H)-furanone was competitive with live females and with the pheromone isolated from live females in attracting males. Male response was strongly inhibited by small amounts of the S,Z isomer. Although the E isomer and the saturated analog of the pheromone are present in the material obtained from females, the role of these compounds in mediating the insect's behavior is unclear.
<title>Centroid tracking using a probability map for target segmentation</title> (2002)

The central problem of image based centroid tracking is that of target segmentation, that is, determining which pixels belong to the target and which belong to the background. Once the target pixels are identified, the centroid (the center of gravity) of these pixels can be used as the estimated target position. The underlying assumption made in centroid tracking is that the target image contains intensity values that are unlikely to occur in the background. Based on this assumption, the centroid tracker uses three concentric gates to determine which pixels are target pixels. The areas bounded by these gates form three disjoint regions; the inner region, the track region, and the outer region. An inner histogram is collected over inner region that should contain mostly target pixels. An outer histogram is collected over the outer region that should contain only background pixels. These histograms are then used to generate a probability map that indicates the probability that a pixel with a given intensity is part of the target. This probability map is then used to segment the target and find its centroid. This paper describes the methods used to generate the probability map and its use in the centroid tracking algorithm. The performance of this algorithm is compared to that of the previously used dual-threshold segmentation algorithm.
Nephrotic Syndrome (2014)

Nephrotic syndrome is recognized by the presence of proteinuria in excess of 3.5 g/24 h along with hypoalbuminemia, edema, hyperlipidemia (hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia), and lipiduria. Each component has been investigated individually over the past four decades with some success. Studies published recently have started unraveling the molecular basis of proteinuria and its relationship with other components. We now have improved understanding of the threshold for nephrotic-range proteinuria and the pathogenesis of hypertriglyceridemia. These studies reveal that modifying sialylation of the soluble glycoprotein angiopoietin-like 4 or changing key amino acids in its sequence can be used successfully to treat proteinuria. Treatment strategies on the basis of fundamental relationships among different components of nephrotic syndrome use naturally occurring pathways and have great potential for future development into clinically relevant therapeutic agents.
Automatic detection of red lesions in digital color fundus photographs (2005)

The robust detection of red lesions in digital color fundus photographs is a critical step in the development of automated screening systems for diabetic retinopathy. In this paper, a novel red lesion detection method is presented based on a hybrid approach, combining prior works by Spencer et al. (1996) and Frame et al. (1998) with two important new contributions. The first contribution is a new red lesion candidate detection system based on pixel classification. Using this technique, vasculature and red lesions are separated from the background of the image. After removal of the connected vasculature the remaining objects are considered possible red lesions. Second, an extensive number of new features are added to those proposed by Spencer-Frame. The detected candidate objects are classified using all features and a k-nearest neighbor classifier. An extensive evaluation was performed on a test set composed of images representative of those normally found in a screening set. When determining whether an image contains red lesions the system achieves a sensitivity of 100% at a specificity of 87%. The method is compared with several different automatic systems and is shown to outperform them all. Performance is close to that of a human expert examining the images for the presence of red lesions.
Analysis and design of broadband Wireless Power Transmission system via conformal Strongly Coupled Magnetic Resonance (2014)

In this paper, a broadband Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) system through novel conformal Strongly Coupled Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) is proposed. Theoretical analysis of the conformal SCMR is studied based on equivalent circuit and system network. Compared with the conventional SCMR system, the novel conformal SCMR system can significantly broaden the bandwidth, achieving more than 7 times of the conventional one. To verify the proposed method, a typical broadband WPT system is fabricated, measured, and compared with simulation result. With large bandwidth and good power transfer efficiency, this design has great potential to be used in various applications.
Adaptive frequency-domain equalization of space-time block-coded transmissions (2002)

We develop an adaptive equalization scheme for space-time block-coded (STBC) transmissions. The scheme is based on a modified low-complexity version of the fast-converging RLS algorithm. Complexity reduction is achieved by exploiting the rich structure of STBC.
Wheel Rail Contact Forces Prediction and Validation with Field Tests (2008)

Field testing of the wagon health card was completed using the RailCorp AK Track recording car. The wagon health card device was installed on the AK Car to allow the device to be tested and compared with the measured track data and AK car vehicle responses. As wheel rail contact forces cannot be measured directly these were calculated using VAMPIRE simulation. An inverse model with parameters matching the AK Car was embedded in the wagon health card device. The inverse model had been developed in earlier research to predict wheel rail contact forces using only measurements of car body responses; lateral and vertical accelerations, roll, pitch and yaw angular velocities. The device tested was also a proof of concept test for an integrated device with all transducers mounted within the one small 'black box'. Testing was completed in January 2007 on the Parks-Cobar section in NSW. The following paper presents the results and discusses the difficulties in validation without direct wheel-rail contact forces measurements. The results for estimating vertical contact forces were quite encouraging and acceptable for a proof of concept device. There was significant difference in lateral predictions and hence L/V ratios probably due to differences between assumed and actual wheel profiles.
Corneal autofluorescence in presence of diabetic retinopathy (1998)

Recently corneal autofluorescence has been proposed as an ocular diagnostic tool for diabetic retinopathy. The method is based on the sensible increase of the natural fluorescence of corneal tissue within specific wavelength in presence of early stage of diabetic retinopathy. The main advantages of this method are that the corneal autofluorescence has been demonstrated to be not age-related and that the cornea is readily accessible to be investigated. In this study 47 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and 51 non-insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus patients aged 20 - 90 years have been considered. Patients were selected from the Eye Clinic of S. Raffaele Hospital. The modified Airlie House classification was used to grade the diabetic retinopathy. Corneal autofluorescence has been measured by using both a specifically designed instrument and the Fluorotron Master. Corneal autofluorescence mean value for each diabetic retinopathy measured by using both the instruments correlated with the retinopathy grade.
Asymmetric Synthesis of α-Aminonitriles (1984)

Abstract The asymmetric synthesis of α-aminonitriles was carried out by the reaction of α-trimethylsilyloxynitriles with optically active α-methylbenzylamine in methanol. The reactions provided moderate yields and good optical purities.
Estimation of central aortic pressure waveform features derived from the brachial cuff volume displacement waveform (2012)

There is increasing interest in non-invasive estimation of central aortic waveform parameters in the clinical setting. However, controversy has arisen around radial tonometric based systems due to the requirement of a trained operator or lack of ease of use, especially in the clinical environment. A recently developed device utilizes a novel algorithm for brachial cuff based assessment of aortic pressure values and waveform (SphygmoCor XCEL, AtCor Medical). The cuff was inflated to 10 mmHg below an individual's diastolic blood pressure and the brachial volume displacement waveform recorded. The aortic waveform was derived using proprietary digital signal processing and transfer function applied to the recorded waveform. The aortic waveform was also estimated using a validated technique (radial tonometry based assessment, SphygmoCor, AtCor Medical). Measurements were taken in triplicate with each device in 30 people (17 female) aged 22 to 79 years of age. An average for each device for each individual was calculated, and the results from the two devices were compared using regression and Bland-Altman analysis. A high correlation was found between the devices for measures of aortic systolic (R(2)=0.99) and diastolic (R(2)=0.98) pressure. Augmentation index and subendocardial viability ratio both had a between device R(2) value of 0.82. The difference between devices for measured aortic systolic pressure was 0.5±1.8 mmHg, and for augmentation index, 1.8±7.0%. The brachial cuff based approach, with an individualized sub-diastolic cuff pressure, provides an operator independent method of assessing not only systolic pressure, but also aortic waveform features, comparable to existing validated tonometric-based methods.
Voice Adaptive Gateway Pacer for wireless multihop networks (2010)

When supporting both voice and TCP in a wireless multihop network, there are two conflicting goals: to protect the VoIP traffic, and to completely utilize the remaining capacity for TCP. We investigate the interaction between these two popular categories of traffic and find that conventional solutio
Optoelectronic Multi-Chip Modules Based on Imaging Fiber Bundle Structures (2001)

We present a novel design for optoelectronic-multi-chip-modules based small segments of rigid imaging fiber bundles. These packages have very small (chip-scale) geometries and support bandwidth and latency comparable to on-chip interconnections.
Validating Alzheimer's disease micro RNAs using next‐generation sequencing (2016)

Abstract Introduction Molecular biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) can support detection and improved care for patients, but novel candidates require verification. We previously reported a 12‐micro RNA (miRNA) blood‐based signature using next‐generation sequencing (NGS) of 54 AD cases and 22 controls. Methods We performed validation of 49 AD cases and 55 controls using NGS and also included 20 mild cognitive impairment and 90 multiple sclerosis samples to identify nonspecific markers. Thus, 103 AD cases, 77 unaffected controls, and 110 diseased controls were sequenced. Although the initial cohort came predominantly from the United States, the validation samples were collected in Germany. Results Five hundred eighty miRNAs were detected in the blood. In the initial cohort, we observed 203, in the validation cohort, 146 dysregulated miRNAs at a significance level of 0.05. With 68 miRNAs, the overlap was significant ( P = .0003). Likewise, the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve values of the miRNAs correlated (correlation of 0.93; 95% confidence interval 0.89–0.96; P <10 −16 ). Discussion MiRNAs have the potential to support AD diagnosis and patient care.
Antimalarial preclinical drug development: a single oral dose of a 5‐carbon‐linked trioxane dimer plus mefloquine cures malaria‐infected mice (2009)

Three new 5-carbon-linked trioxane dimer carboxylate esters have been prepared from the natural trioxane, artemisinin in only 3-steps and 40-50% overall yields. Each one of these new chemical entities is at least as efficacious as the clinically used trioxane antimalarial drug artemether when combined with mefloquine hydrochloride in a low single oral dose cure.
Multi-source inverse geometry CT: a new system concept for x-ray computed tomography (2007)

Third-generation CT architectures are approaching fundamental limits. Spatial resolution is limited by the focal spot size and the detector cell size. Temporal resolution is limited by mechanical constraints on gantry rotation speed, and alternative geometries such as electron-beam CT and two-tube-two-detector CT come with severe tradeoffs in terms of image quality, dose-efficiency and complexity. Image noise is fundamentally linked to patient dose, and dose-efficiency is limited by finite detector efficiency and by limited spatio-temporal control over the X-ray flux. Finally, volumetric coverage is limited by detector size, scattered radiation, conebeam artifacts, Heel effect, and helical over-scan. We propose a new concept, multi-source inverse geometry CT, which allows CT to break through several of the above limitations. The proposed architecture has several advantages compared to third-generation CT: the detector is small and can have a high detection efficiency, the optical spot size is more consistent throughout the field-of-view, scatter is minimized even when eliminating the anti-scatter grid, the X-ray flux from each source can be modulated independently to achieve an optimal noise-dose tradeoff, and the geometry offers unlimited coverage without cone-beam artifacts. In this work we demonstrate the advantages of multi-source inverse geometry CT using computer simulations.
Abstract 3830: Synthesis and anticancer activity of novel prodigiosin analogs (2016)

Abstract We recently reported that Prodigiosin is a potent p53 pathway restoring small molecule that acts through p73 and by interfering with p73:mutant p53 protein interaction (Hong et al., Cancer Research, 2014). Prodigiosin is the parent member of the tripyrrole alkaloid family of natural products that shows potent anti-cancer activity against tumors with mutated p53. To improve pharmacological and medicinal properties of Prodigiosin including p73 induction and restoration of the p53 pathway in tumors with mutated p53, two new series of analogs were synthesized. We introduced carboxylic group substituents either directly on the C-ring or on the side-chain of the C-ring. Carboxylic group allowed for further derivatization of Prodigiosin. A number of new analogs have been prepared and tested for their anticancer activity. Preliminary biological activity assay showed that new compounds inhibited cancer cell proliferation from 0.1 μM to 10 μM both in p53 mutated SW480 and wild-type HCT116 colorectal cancer cell lines. Some of the newly synthesized compounds can induce p53 transcriptional reporter activity in p53 mutated SW480 colorectal cancer cells. Our ongoing experiments are focused on the signaling mechanism of apoptosis induced by the new analogs, identification of molecular targets of the compounds, and in vivo studies of Prodigiosin analogues as single agents or in combination with chemotherapy or targeted therapy. Citation Format: Xiaobing Tian, Shengliang Zhang, Wafik S. El-Deiry. Synthesis and anticancer activity of novel prodigiosin analogs. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3830.
Modeling Peripheral Artery Behavior Beneath a Non-Invasive Wearable Sensor Subject to Varying Outside Pressure (2019)

Abstract The state of the peripheral arteries is known to be a key physiological indicator of the body’s response to both acute and chronic medical conditions. In this paper, changes in peripheral artery behavior are tracked by combining a photo plethysmograph (PPG) sensor and a piezoelectric (PVDF) sensor with an outside pressure-varying cuff. In a swine subject, a simple mechanical model for the local artery and tissue captures broad features present in the PPG and PVDF signals, with respect to varying cuff pressure. These behaviors may provide insight into robustness of cardiovascular property identification by non-invasive wearable sensing.
A 1.5-to-3.0GHz Tunable RF Sigma-Delta ADC With a Fixed Set of Coefficients and a Programmable Loop Delay (2020)

In this brief, we present a tunable bandpass RF Sigma-Delta modulator with a fixed set of feedback DAC coefficients. The sampling frequency, f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> , is tuned with the center frequency, f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> , in order to maintain a fixed normalized center frequency, f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> /f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> . Any variation in the loop delay is compensated to maintain a fixed normalized loop-delay t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sub> /T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> . The bandpass Sigma-Delta, reported in this brief, is based on an LC resonator with tunable center frequency from 1.5 to 3.0 GHz and a corresponding sampling frequency from 6.0 to 12.0 GHz. For an oversampling ratio of 64, the ADC achieves the same SNDR of 37 dB and the same Dynamic Range of 45 dB over the complete tuning range. This performance is achieved for a bandwith of 47 MHz at 1.5GHz and a Bandwidth of 93 MHz at 3 GHz. The ADC, fabricated in a 65 nm CMOS process, consumes only 13 mW from a 1.2 V supply. In order to compare this circuit with the state of the art, we use not only the conventional ADC Figure of Merit but we also use a Figure of Merit dedicated to RF circuits. In this case, the measured chip center frequency, noise figure and non-linearity are also taken into account in the comparison.