gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
RF MEMS Passives on High-Resistivity Silicon Substrates (2013)

Diverse RF passive devices and microelectro- mechanical systems (MEMS) can be monolithically integrated on a high-resistivity silicon (HR-Si) substrate. However, parasitic surface conduction (PSC) at the interface of HR-Si and a silicon dioxide (SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) passivation layer reduces the effective substrate resistivity, which in turn results in deterioration of the device quality factor (Q) and non-linearity. Trap-rich HR-Si has been proposed as a low substrate loss alternative, eliminating the problems associated with PSC. However, the full potential of trap-rich HR-Si as a common platform for implementing MEMS passives is not fully explored. In this letter, we evaluate the effectiveness of the trap-rich layer by comparing the frequency response of a number of RF passive devices fabricated on standard and trap-rich HR-Si substrates. In addition, we suggest an electromagnetic (EM) simulation setup that can be used to efficiently and accurately simulate the device performance.
Mushroom consumption and incident risk of prostate cancer in Japan: A pooled analysis of the Miyagi Cohort Study and the Ohsaki Cohort Study (2019)

In vivo and in vitro evidence has shown that mushrooms have the potential to prevent prostate cancer. However, the relationship between mushroom consumption and incident prostate cancer in humans has never been investigated. In the present study, a total of 36,499 men, aged 40-79 years, who participated in the Miyagi Cohort Study in 1990 and in the Ohsaki Cohort Study in 1994 were followed for a median of 13.2 years. Data on mushroom consumption (categorized as <1, 1-2 and ≥3 times/week) was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to estimate multivariate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for prostate cancer incidence. During 574,397 person-years of follow-up, 1,204 (3.3%) cases of prostate cancer were identified. Compared to participants with mushroom consumption <1 time/week, frequent mushroom intake was associated with a decreased risk of prostate cancer (1-2 times/week: HRs [95% CIs] = 0.92 [0.81, 1.05]; ≥3 times/week: HRs [95% CIs] = 0.83 [0.70, 0.98]; p-trend = 0.023). This inverse relationship was especially obvious among participants aged ≥50 years and did not differ by clinical stage of cancer and intake of vegetables, fruit, meat and dairy products. The present study showed an inverse relationship between mushroom consumption and incident prostate cancer among middle-aged and elderly Japanese men, suggesting that habitual mushroom intake might help to prevent prostate cancer.
Intelligent prediction and integral analysis of shale oil and gas sweet spots (2018)

Shale reservoirs are characterized by low porosity and strong anisotropy. Conventional geophysical methods are far from perfect when it comes to the prediction of shale sweet spot locations, and even less reliable when attempting to delineate unconventional features of shale oil and gas. Based on some mathematical algorithms such as fuzzy mathematics, machine learning and multiple regression analysis, an effective workflow is proposed to allow intelligent prediction of sweet spots and comprehensive quantitative characterization of shale oil and gas reservoirs. This workflow can effectively combine multi-scale and multi-disciplinary data such as geology, well drilling, logging and seismic data. Following the maximum subordination and attribute optimization principle, we establish a machine learning model by adopting the support vector machine method to arrive at multi-attribute prediction of reservoir sweet spot location. Additionally, multiple regression analysis technology is applied to quantitatively predict a number of sweet spot attributes. The practical application of these methods to areas of interest shows high accuracy of sweet spot prediction, indicating that it is a good approach for describing the distribution of high-quality regions within shale reservoirs. Based on these sweet spot attributes, quantitative characterization of unconventional reservoirs can provide a reliable evaluation of shale reservoir potential.
VLSI floating-point processors (1985)

The advance of VLSI technology has been the enabling factor in the appearance of VLSI circuits handling floating-point arithmetics. These circuits have found their way into many number-crunching applications such as telecommunications, seismic energy exploration, radar, medical imaging, graphics and simulation. Because of the different requirements for different applications, some processors have a rich repertoire of functions but rather low performance, while some processors aim at having the highest throughput for the most frequent operations such as multiply and add. This paper will review the architecture, the technology, and the design techniques for the current VLSI floating-point processors; and it will also report a high performance chipset ( <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∗</sup> ) implementing complete basic arithmetic functions.
Effects of deposition conditions on the ferroelectric properties of (Al1−<i>x</i>Sc<i>x</i>)N thin films (2020)

The ferroelectricity of (Al1−xScx)N (x = 0–0.34) thin films with various thicknesses was investigated. (Al1−xScx)N films were prepared at 400 °C on (111)Pt/TiOx/SiO2/(001)Si substrates by the radio frequency dual-source reactive magnetron sputtering method using Al and Sc targets under pure N2 gas or a mixture of N2 and Ar gases. The film deposited under N2 gas showed larger remanent polarization than those under N2 + Ar mixture. Ferroelectricity was observed for films with x = 0.10–0.34 for about 140-nm-thick films deposited under N2 gas. The x = 0.22 films showed ferroelectricity down to 48 nm in thickness from the polarization–electric field curves and the positive-up-negative-down measurement. The ferroelectricity of the 9 nm-thick film also was ascertained from scanning nonlinear dielectric microscopy measurement. These results reveal that ferroelectric polarization can switch for films with much broader compositions and thicknesses than those in the previous study.
Norepinephrine promotes tumor microenvironment reactivity through β3-adrenoreceptors during melanoma progression (2014)

Stress has an emerging role in cancer and targeting stress-related β-adrenergic receptors (AR) has been proposed as a potential therapeutic approach in melanoma. Here we report that β3-AR expression correlates with melanoma aggressiveness. In addition, we highlight that β3-AR expression is not only restricted to cancer cells, but it is also expressed in vivo in stromal, inflammatory and vascular cells of the melanoma microenvironment. Particularly, we demonstrated that β3-AR can (i) instruct melanoma cells to respond to environmental stimuli, (ii) enhance melanoma cells response to stromal fibroblasts and macrophages, (iii) increase melanoma cell motility and (iv) induce stem-like traits. Noteworthy, β3-AR activation in melanoma accessory cells drives stromal reactivity by inducing pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion and de novo angiogenesis, sustaining tumor growth and melanoma aggressiveness. β3-ARs also play a mandatory role in the recruitment to tumor sites of circulating stromal cells precursors, in the differentiation of these cells towards different lineages, further favoring tumor inflammation, angiogenesis and ultimately melanoma malignancy. Our findings validate selective β3-AR antagonists as potential promising anti-metastatic agents. These could be used to complement current therapeutic approaches for melanoma patients (e.g. propranolol) by targeting non-neoplastic stromal cells, hence reducing therapy resistance of melanoma.
Stabilization of apoptotic cells: generation of zombie cells (2014)

Apoptosis is characterized by degradation of cell components but plasma membrane remains intact. Apoptotic microtubule network (AMN) is organized during apoptosis forming a cortical structure beneath plasma membrane that maintains plasma membrane integrity. Apoptotic cells are also characterized by high reactive oxygen species (ROS) production that can be potentially harmful for the cell. The aim of this study was to develop a method that allows stabilizing apoptotic cells for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. By using a cocktail composed of taxol (a microtubule stabilizer), Zn(2+) (a caspase inhibitor) and coenzyme Q10 (a lipid antioxidant), we were able to stabilize H460 apoptotic cells in cell cultures for at least 72 h, preventing secondary necrosis. Stabilized apoptotic cells maintain many apoptotic cell characteristics such as the presence of apoptotic microtubules, plasma membrane integrity, low intracellular calcium levels and mitochondrial polarization. Apoptotic cell stabilization may open new avenues in apoptosis detection and therapy.
Crystal Growth of GaN from Na-Ga Melt in BN Containers. (1999)

A melt of Na and Ga with various Ga contents was placed in a BN crucible and reacted at 650°C for 300h with N2 generated from the decomposition of NaN3 in a sealed stainless-steel tube. At 0.25 and 0.45 Ga molar fractions (rGa=Ga/(Ga+Na)), GaN precipitated at the interface of the melt and gas phases, and on the wall and bottom of the crucible. Platelet single crystals with a maximum size of 2mm grew at the inside of the interface layer. The precipitates on the wall and bottom consisted of hexagonal columnar crystals elongated along the c-axis direction. The size of these crystals was about 10-20μm at rGa=0.25 and 50-100μm at rGa=0.45. The morphology of the precipitates observed by scanning electron microscopy suggested that the columnar GaN crystals grew from the melt phase. At rGa=0.65 and 0.85, thin GaN microcrystalline layers partially covered the Na-Ga melt surface, but the formation of bulk GaN was not observed in the BN crucible.
Structures of apo and complexed Escherichia coli glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase. (1992)

The three-dimensional structure of phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase (10-formyltetrahydrofolate:5'-phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase, EC 2.1.2.2) has been solved both as an apoenzyme at 2.8-A resolution and as a ternary complex with the substrate glycinamide ribonucleotide and a folate inhibitor at 2.5-A resolution. The structure is a modified doubly wound alpha/beta sheet with flexibility in the active site, including a disordered loop in the apo structure, which is ordered in the ternary complex structure. This enzyme is a target for anti-cancer therapy and now for structure-based drug design.
Design and fabrication of a high-dynamic-range image sensor in TFA technology (1999)

Image sensors in thin film on ASIC (TFA) technology are composed of amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin-film detectors on top of crystalline ASIC's. With regard to advanced imaging systems, TFA provides enhanced performance and more flexibility than conventional technologies. Extensive on-chip signal processing is feasible, as well as small pixels for high-resolution imagers. Several prototypes of TFA sensors have been developed, optimized for considerably different applications. This paper focuses on a TFA sensor for automotive vision systems that allows each pixel to adapt its individual sensitivity to the local illumination intensity. By this means, a dynamic range of 120-dB minimum along with high local contrast is achieved. The recent second prototype array consists of 368/spl times/256 pixels with an area of 40/spl times/38 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ each. The ASIC's were fabricated in a 0.7-/spl mu/m CMOS technology, whereupon the a-Si:H thin film was deposited in a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition cluster system.
Targeting GIPC/Synectin in Pancreatic Cancer Inhibits Tumor Growth (2009)

Our findings show that targeting GIPC/Synectin and its PDZ domain inhibits pancreatic carcinoma growth and is a potential strategy for therapeutic intervention of pancreatic cancer.
A CMOS 6 b 200 M sample/s 3 V-supply A/D converter for a PRML read channel LSI (2002)

There is a strong demand for high speed ADCs for PRML read channel LSI. Most of these ADCs are fabricated with bipolar or BiCMOS, because of high-speed operation. Conventional CMOS ADCs have 100 MSample/s conversion rate and insufficient tolerance to power supply noise. These problems are overcome by interleaved auto-zeroing (IAZ) architecture and output-swing limiting comparator (OLC). The ADCs operate at 200 MSample/s in a mixed PRML read channel LSI.
Synthesis and Reactions of Diazoacetyl Chloride—Detection of Diazoketene (1979)

Reaction of phosgene with diazomethane in the molar ratio 1:2 permitted the first synthesis of diazoacetyl chloride (3). Compound (3) decomposes only slowly below 0°C and is an excellent diazoacetylation reagent. The long-sought diazoketene N2CCO could be generated in solution from (3) and diazbicyclooctane.
The Effects of Design Factors of BIPV Systems on Electricity Generation (2004)

The integration of a photovoltaic system into buildings requires the consideration of its constructability and functions to get its optimized performance, as its installation is different from the conventional PV installation method that needs supporting structures opened to air. The efficiency of building-integrated PV(BIPV) system is determined by the method that is applied to the building envelope, as well as the efficiency of PV system itself. In addition to the general specifications of a PV system, there are various design factors that may decide the performance of the BIPV systems; orientation and tilt angle of PV modules, ventilation space between PV module and building elements, array configuration and so on. These factors are related to the temperature of building-integrated PV modules that subsequently have an effect on the system´s performance. In order to design optimized BIPV systems, it is required to perform the quantitative analysis about the effect of those design factors on the electricity generation of BIPV systems. This study aims to define the effects of BIPV design factors on the performance of the BIPV system, particularly considering the PV module temperature. 
At first, a web-based tool, PV COOL-Build Calculator, was used to calculate the temperature of the BIPV modules. Based on the calculated temperatures of those modules, the electricity generation of a BIPV system with a capacity of lOkWp was modeled. It then performed a sensitivity study of design factors of BIPV systems on their energy performance, and produced the optimized design conditions for the system.
High precision torque hysteresis measurements on fine particle systems (1984)

The application of an automated torque magnetometer to the precise measurement of torque hysteresis is described and results given for magnetic tapes and colloidal cobalt particles set in epoxy resin.
Drugs-of-Abuse Testing in Saliva or Oral Fluid (2008)

Historically, saliva or oral fluid has been tested for monitoring therapeutic drugs. Drugs-of-abuse, including cannabinoids, opioids, amphetamines, and cocaine, have been detected in this matrix. Multiple collection procedures and devices are available. The route of administration, collection procedures, and saliva : plasma ratios affect the amount of drug deposited. However, current analytical techniques may be utilized for testing provided the relevant compound is targeted. The window of detection is comparable to blood and is therefore conducive to detecting recent drug use.
Identification of novel molecular markers through transcriptomic analysis in human fetal and adult corneal endothelial cells (2012)

The corneal endothelium is composed of a monolayer of corneal endothelial cells (CECs), which is essential for maintaining corneal transparency. To better characterize CECs in different developmental stages, we profiled mRNA transcriptomes in human fetal and adult corneal endothelium with the goal to identify novel molecular markers in these cells. By comparing CECs with 12 other tissue types, we identified 245 and 284 signature genes that are highly expressed in fetal and adult CECs, respectively. Functionally, these genes are enriched in pathways characteristic of CECs, including inorganic anion transmembrane transporter, extracellular matrix structural constituent and cyclin-dependent protein kinase inhibitor activity. Importantly, several of these genes are disease target genes in hereditary corneal dystrophies, consistent with their functional significance in CEC physiology. We also identified stage-specific markers associated with CEC development, such as specific members in the transforming growth factor beta and Wnt signaling pathways only expressed in fetal, but not in adult CECs. Lastly, by the immunohistochemistry of ocular tissues, we demonstrated the unique protein localization for Wnt5a, S100A4, S100A6 and IER3, the four novel markers for fetal and adult CECs. The identification of a new panel of stage-specific markers for CECs would be very useful for characterizing CECs derived from stem cells or ex vivo expansion for cell replacement therapy.
Production of Interferon in Serum-Free Human Leukocyte Suspensions (1969)

The recovery of interferon from Sendai-infected suspensions of purified human leukocytes is dependent on the serum concentration in the incubation medium. Very little interferon is obtained from serum-free suspensions. The data reported demonstrate that the critical macromolecular, age-independent, and species-unspecific serum principle can be omitted from the suspensions if the medium is supplemented with a combination of crystalline serum albumin and high concentrations of any one of five studied dipolar ionic buffers [N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl) glycine (Bicine), N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES), 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES), N-tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl-2-amino-ethanesulfonic acid (TES), and N-tris(hydroxymethyl)methylglycine (Tricine)]. The optimal combination [TES (1.0%, w/v) and bovine serum albumin (0.8%, w/v)] allows the production of potent preparations of serum-free human interferon.
Controlled Natural Language Processing as Answer Set Programming: an Experiment (2014)

Most controlled natural languages (CNLs) are processed with the help of a pipeline architecture that relies on different software components. We investigate in this paper in an experimental way how well answer set programming (ASP) is suited as a unifying framework for parsing a CNL, deriving a formal representation for the resulting syntax trees, and for reasoning with that representation. We start from a list of input tokens in ASP notation and show how this input can be transformed into a syntax tree using an ASP grammar and then into reified ASP rules in form of a set of facts. These facts are then processed by an ASP meta-interpreter that allows us to infer new knowledge.
ANALYSIS OF THE ON-WATER PADDLING FORCE PROFILE OF AN ELITE KAYAKER (2011)

The purpose of this study was to develop a system (FPaddle system) to quantify the forces generated on each side of the kayak paddle (left and right), in the blades’ plane of maximal force application and in other planes, and to gain more insights about the on-water paddling force profile and associated variables. Using the FPaddle system forces applied on the paddle by an elite female kayaker were measured. Results suggested that the use of strain gages on two different planes provides more detailed information about the forces applied on the paddle throughout the paddling stroke including the exit phase relatively to the used of strain gages only in the plane of maximal force application.
The Effect of Xenon Anesthesia on the Size of Experimental Myocardial Infarction (2007)

Myocardial infarct size was reduced by ischemic preconditioning but less so by xenon anesthesia. Brief, intermittent exposure to xenon before myocardial ischemia did not reduce myocardial infarct size.
Schoenberg: The Future of Symphonic Thought (1974)

Readers who have the mixed pleasure of being familiar with different types of my writings-musicological (if I may use the phoney term for the sake of brief characterisation), analytical, and popularmay have asked themselves at some stage of temporary frustration why indeed the pleasure is mixed. The answer is jolly near to seek. Throughout my writing years, I have fought two opposite misuses of language, to wit, verbal complication and verbal simplification. Nothing that is, is either simple or complex. It is, and its simplicity or complexity depends on two variables, the standpoint whence we view it, and our own make-up and education. Now, popular writings address themselves to one specific viewpoint, the inexpert, and technical writings to another, the expert. The inexpert wants simplification, which is unjustifiable because it distorts or conceals the truth, and the expert wants complication through technical (secret) language, which is unjustifiable when it distorts or obscures the truth and so creates a superfluously professional world of thought, a cast to which the pariah, try as he may, finds no access, an esoteric circle surrounded by the barbed wire erected, by law, by Mumbo Jumbo, rather than being surrounded, as it should be, by a concentric outer circle creating an exoteric area through which the uninitiated has to pass before he can reach the true secrets-those which are shielded from misunderstanding, not those which are shielded from understanding. As an analyst, writer, speaker, and teacher, I have been deeply concerned with this two-faced problem from the outset of my attempts at communication. People and editors and publishers who wanted the
<i>gem</i>‐Bisphosphonate‐Ended Group Dendrimers: Design and Gadolinium Complexing Properties (2009)

Abstract The synthesis of the first gem ‐bisphosphonate‐ended group dendrimers is described using nucleophilic substitution of terminal P(S)Cl 2 units of phosphorus dendrimers of generation 1 to 3 with protected aminophenols followed by deprotection of amino groups and Michael addition with vinylidene tetraisopropyl bisphosphonate. These dendrimers were found to act as chelating agents towards Gd ions.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
MTA1 promotes the invasion and migration of non-small cell lung cancer cells by downregulating miR-125b (2013)

MTA1 and miR-125b have antagonistic effects on the migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. The newly identified MTA1-miR-125b axis will help further elucidate the molecular mechanism of NSCLC progression and suggest that ectopic expression of miR-125b is a potentially new therapeutic regimen against NSCLC metastasis.
Amyloid single-cell cytotoxicity assays by nanomotion detection (2017)

Cells are extremely complex systems able to actively modify their metabolism and behavior in response to environmental conditions and stimuli such as pathogenic agents or drugs. The comprehension of these responses is central to understand the molecular bases of human pathologies, including amyloid misfolding diseases. Conventional bulk biological assays are limited by intrinsic cellular heterogeneity in gene, protein and metabolite expression, and can investigate only indirectly cellular reactions in non-physiological conditions. Here we employ a label-free nanomotion sensor to study single neuroblastoma cells exposed to extracellular monomeric and amyloid <i>α</i>-synuclein species in real-time and in physiological conditions. Combining this technique with fluorescence microscopy, we demonstrate multispecies cooperative cytotoxic effect of amyloids and aggregate-induced loss of cellular membrane integrity. Notably, the method can study cellular reactions and cytotoxicity an order of magnitude faster, and using 100-fold smaller volume of reagents when compared to conventional bulk analyses. This rapidity and sensitivity will allow testing novel pharmacological approaches to stop or delay a wide range of human diseases.