gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Poly(vinyl alcohol) Nanofibers by Electrospinning as a Protein Delivery System and the Retardation of Enzyme Release by Additional Polymer Coatings (2005)

Protein-loaded (bovine serum albumin (BSA) or luciferase) poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibers were obtained by electrospinning. Poly(p-xylylene) (PPX, also coined as parylene) coated PVA/BSA nanofibers were prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The release of BSA from PVA nanofibers under physiological conditions was monitored by absorption spectroscopy. Burst release of BSA was noted with uncoated PVA nanofibers. In contrast, PPX-coated nanofibers exhibited a significantly retarded release of BSA depending on the coating thickness of PPX (ranging from 40 to 300 nm). Luciferase was used here as model enzyme, which after electrospinning retained its enzyme activity. This preservation of enzyme activity and the continuous release of the intact enzyme from the immersed fibers meets a fundamental prerequisite for the application of enzymes or other sensitive agents released from electrospun nanofibers under physiological conditions.
Zinc Oxide Sorbents for the Removal of Hydrogen Sulfide from Syngas (2003)

Several pure zinc oxide materials, prepared with different methods (combustion synthesis and a modified version of the citrates method) and calcined at different temperatures, were investigated as low-temperature desulfurizing sorbents from gaseous streams (syngas, in particular). Comparative tests with a commercial sorbent were also carried out. The sulfidation performance was investigated in a fixed-bed reactor in terms of breakthrough curves at 250 °C. Fresh and sulfided samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy−energy dispersion spectroscopy, BET, pore volume, pore size, and pore size distribution analyses. The ZnO sorbent prepared by the citrated method calcined at 400 °C showed the most durable effectiveness in reducing sulfur from 100 to less than 1 ppm: its breakthrough time is about 9 h measured at a space velocity of about 105 h-1. Its regenerability was evaluated by subsequent sulfidation−thermal regeneration cycles. A numerical model was also developed and validated on the experimental data of the ZnO sorbent calcined at 400 °C; a good agreement was obtained. The internal mass-transfer resistance resulted in the rate-limiting step of the process. Sulfur sorption was found to be confined to the external layers of the pellets (because it was difficult for H2S to reach the adsorbent core), and a maximization of internal open porosity to improve the system performance was pointed out as the main route for further developments and improvements.
Ebanga™: The most recent FDA-approved drug for treating Ebola (2023)

<i>Ebolavirus</i> (EBOV) is a virulent pathogen that causes Ebola virus disease (EVD), which is a life-threatening human condition with a fatality rate of up to 90%. Since the first outbreak in Africa in 1976, several outbreaks and epidemics of EBOV have occurred across the globe. While EVD is recognized as a serious threat to human health and outbreaks occur almost every year, the treatment options for the disease are limited. In designing therapeutic strategies against EBOV infection, viral structural proteins, such as glycoprotein (GP), could be an excellent target for neutralizing the virus. According to the latest research, GP-specific antibodies are the most efficient post-exposure treatments for EVD. Ansuvimab-zykl, i.e., mAb114 (Ebanga™), is a recent FDA-approved human immunoglobulin monoclonal antibody targeting EBOV GP. This review provides a brief overview of the pharmacological effects and safety profile of ansuvimab in clinical trials and provides insights into the precise mechanism of this new drug for treating EVD.
14%-efficient flexible CdTe solar cells on ultra-thin glass substrates (2014)

Flexible glass enables high-temperature, roll-to-roll processing of superstrate devices with higher photocurrents than flexible polymer foils because of its higher optical transmission. Using flexible glass in our high-temperature CdTe process, we achieved a certified record conversion efficiency of 14.05% for a flexible CdTe solar cell. Little has been reported on the flexibility of CdTe devices, so we investigated the effects of three different static bending conditions on device performance. We observed a consistent trend of increased short-circuit current and fill factor, whereas the open-circuit voltage consistently dropped. The quantum efficiency under the same static bend condition showed no change in the response. After storage in a flexed state for 24 h, there was very little change in device efficiency relative to its unflexed state. This indicates that flexible glass is a suitable replacement for rigid glass substrates, and that CdTe solar cells can tolerate bending without a decrease in device performance.
Interaction between Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) M2-1 and P Proteins Is Required for Reconstitution of M2-1-Dependent RSV Minigenome Activity (2003)

We have investigated protein-protein interactions among the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) RNA polymerase subunits using affinity chromatography. Here we demonstrate a novel interaction of P and M2-1 proteins. Phosphorylation of either M2-1 or P appears to be dispensable for this interaction. Internal deletions within P mapped the M2-1-binding domain to a region between residues 100 and 120. Alanine-scanning mutagenesis within this region of P revealed that substitution of any one of the three residues, L101, Y102, and F109, prevented both M2-1 and P binding and expression of an M2-1-dependent luciferase reporter gene. However, these same mutations did not prevent the activity of an M2-1-independent chloramphenicol acetyltransferase minigenome, suggesting that these residues of P specifically affect M2-1-P interaction. On the basis of these observations, it is possible that the interaction between RSV M2-1 and P proteins is important for viral replication.
Detecting Cryptic Epitopes Created by Nanoparticles (2006)

As potential applications of nanotechnology and nanoparticles increase, so too does the likelihood of human exposure to nanoparticles. Because of their small size, nanoparticles are easily taken up into cells (by receptor-mediated endocytosis), whereupon they have essentially free access to all cellular compartments. Similarly to macroscopic biomaterial surfaces (that is, implants), nanoparticles become coated with a layer of adsorbed proteins immediately upon contact with physiological solutions (unless special efforts are taken to prevent this). The process of adsorption often results in conformational changes of the adsorbed protein, which may be affected by the larger curvature of nanoparticles compared with implant surfaces. Protein adsorption may result in the exposure at the surface of amino acid residues that are normally buried in the core of the native protein, which are recognized by the cells as "cryptic epitopes." These cryptic epitopes may trigger inappropriate cellular signaling events (as opposed to being rejected by the cells as foreign bodies). However, identification of such surface-exposed epitopes is nontrivial, and the molecular nature of the adsorbed proteins should be investigated using biological and physical science methods in parallel with systems biology studies of the induced alterations in cell signaling.
<i>In Vivo</i> Enhancement of Ultrasonic Image Luminance by Aqueous Solutions with High Speed of Sound (1981)

Certain amino acids and chelating agents known to increase the velocity of sound in solution were assayed for median lethal dose (LD 50 ). An estimation of each agent's ability to enhance ultrasonic image luminance in vivo was based on its ability to increase sound velocity in solution and on its LD 50 . The ability of the compound to increase sonogram screen luminance was tested by the infusion of each agent into a mouse being scanned, and concurrent screen luminance measurement with a photometer. The compounds were then ranked in order of their effect on the onset time for a statistically significant increase of image luminance over corresponding saline control values. The most rapid onset of increased luminance was found with the infusion of the amino acid 1-lysine hydrochloride, and the chelating agent calcium disodium edetate. The estimated rankings for these and most other compounds tested compared favorably with the observed results.
Zero Area Overhead State Retention Flip Flop Utilizing Crystalline In-Ga-Zn Oxide Thin Film Transistor with Simple Power Control Implemented in a 32-bit CPU (2013)

2013 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials,Zero Area Overhead State Retention Flip Flop Utilizing Crystalline In-Ga-Zn Oxide Thin Film Transistor with Simple Power Control Implemented in a 32-bit CPU
Nanoscale thermometry via the fluorescence of YAG:Ce phosphor particles: measurements from 7 to 77 C (2003)

The laser-induced fluorescence lifetime of 30 nm particles of YAG:Ce was measured as a function of temperature from 7 to 77°C. The fluorescence decay lifetimes for the nanoparticles of this phosphor varied from ≈18 to 27 ns, i.e. ≈33% relative to the longest lifetime measured. This large variation in lifetime, coupled with the high signal strength that was observed, suggest that YAG:Ce nanoparticles will be useful thermographic phosphors. We describe the material and the apparatus used to characterize its fluorescence, present the results of measurements made over the range of temperatures tested and comment on some possible applications for this novel material.
14-Alkoxy- and 14-Acyloxypyridomorphinans: μ Agonist/δ Antagonist Opioid Analgesics with Diminished Tolerance and Dependence Side Effects (2012)

In the search for opioid ligands with mixed functional activity, a series of 5'-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,5α-epoxypyridomorphinans possessing alkoxy or acyloxy groups at C-14 was synthesized and evaluated. In this series, the affinity and functional activity of the ligands were found to be influenced by the nature of the substituent at C-14 as well as by the substituent at N-17. Whereas the incorporation of a 3-phenylpropoxy group at C-14 on N-methylpyridomorhinan gave a dual MOR agonist/DOR agonist 17h, its incorporation on N-cyclopropylmethylpyridomorphinan gave a MOR agonist/DOR antagonist 17d. Interestingly, 17d, in contrast to 17h, did not produce tolerance or dependence effects upon prolonged treatment in cells expressing MOR and DOR. Moreover, 17d displayed greatly diminished analgesic tolerance as compared to morphine upon repeated administration, thus supporting the hypothesis that ligands with MOR agonist/DOR antagonist functional activity could emerge as novel analgesics devoid of tolerance, dependence, and related side effects.
Singular limit of viscous Cahn-Hilliard equations with memory and dynamic boundary conditions (2013)

We consider a modified Cahn-Hiliard equationwhere the velocity of the order parameter $u$ depends on the pasthistory of $\Delta\mu $, $\mu $ being the chemical potential with an additional viscous term $\alpha u_{t},$ $\alpha >0.$ In addition, the usual no-fluxboundary condition for $u$ is replaced by a nonlinear dynamicboundary condition which accounts for possible interactions withthe boundary. The aim of this work is to analyze the passage tothe singular limit when the memory kernel collapses into a Diracmass. In particular, we discuss the convergence of solutions onfinite time-intervals and we also establish stability results forglobal and exponential attractors.
Acetabular Prosthetic Protrusio after Bipolar Hemi-Arthroplasty of the Hip: Case Report and Review of the literature. (2016)

We highlight three recommendations from this clinical experience. Firstly, there should be a high index of suspicion for chronic infection in protruded prostheses following low energy trauma. Secondly, pre-operative planning for infected protruded prosthetic hips is essential, including arteriogram and a two-staged procedure to tackle possible soft tissue complications. Thirdly, the combined use of serological markers, fluid aspiration as well as intra-operative frozen section is important in the management of PJI and to confirm bacterial eradication before re-implantation.
Shape and Material Selection for Optimizing Flexural Vibrations in Multilayered Resonators (2006)

Flexural stiffness domains have been determined for optimizing the vibration frequency of a multilayered microresonator. It is demonstrated in an efficiency map that, for a given eigenvalue, the flexural properties of a two-materials system, including all possible symmetric and asymmetric multiple-layers arrangements, fall into a domain limited by two curves. These low and upper boundaries describe symmetric three-layers systems consisting of two dissimilar materials. The flexural response model adopted in this paper is based on the Euler-Bernoulli theory, and the results are obtained by extending a scheme for modeling efficiency of monolithic structures (see D. Pasini, "Shape transformers for material and shape selection of lightweight beams", J. Mater. Design, 2006). Shape parameters are introduced to explore the impact on the resonator vibrations of the cross-section shape, the arrangement, symmetry and number of layers, as well as the materials properties and their volume fraction. The application of the maps to a case study shows that the method can assist to exploit geometry and material potential of microstructures, especially at the concept stage of design
Sequence organization of feline leukemis virus DNA in infected cells (1980)

A restriction site map has been deduced of unintegrated and integrated FeLV viral DNA found in human RD cells after experimental infection with the Gardner-Arnstein strain of FeLV. Restriction fragments were ordered by single and double enzyme digests followed by Southern transfer (1) and hybridization with 32P-labeled viral cDNA probes. The restriction map was oriented with respect to the 5' and 3' ends of viral RNA by using a 3' specific hybridization probe. The major form of unintegrated viral DNA found was a 8.7 kb linear DNA molecule bearing a 450 bp direct long terminal redundancy (LTR) derived from both 5' and 3' viral RNA sequences. Minor, circular forms, 8.7 kb and 8.2 kb in length were also detected, the larger one probably containing two adjacent copies of the LTR and the smaller one containing one comtaining one copy of the LTR. Integrated copies of FeLV are colinear with the unintegrated linear form and contain the KpnI and SmaI sites found in each LTR.
Changes in Brain Energy and Phospholipid Metabolism During Development and Aging in the Fischer 344 Rat (1990)

The effects of brain development and aging on high-energy phosphate and membrane phospholipid metabolism were studied from birth to senescence in the Fischer 344 rat using 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Marked developmental and smaller aging-related changes were observed in brain high-energy phosphates, phospholipid precursors and phospholipid breakdown products. The biochemical changes correlate with known histological and electrophysiological changes occurring in the brain during development (neuritic sprouting and onset of brain electrical activity) and aging (loss of dendritic processes). These findings provide a framework for interpreting the effects of physiological insults during different developmental and aging periods.
A complete algorithm for designing passive fences to orient parts (2002)

Peshkin and Sanderson (1988) showed that parts can be aligned as they move on a conveyor belt against a passive sequence of fences. In this paper the authors describe the first complete algorithm to design such sequences for a given convex polygonal part. The algorithm is complete in the sense that it is guaranteed to find a design if one exists and to terminate with a negative report otherwise. Based on an exact breadth-first search of the design space, the algorithm is also guaranteed to find the design requiring the fewest fences. The authors describe the algorithm and compare results with those previously reported. The authors conjecture that a fence design exists to orient any convex polygonal part defined by a sequence of rational vertices.
1인가구 특성과 사회복지정책: 인천지역을 중심으로 (2018)

본 연구는 인천지역 청년·중년·노년층의 1인가구 현황과 사회복지정책적 대응을 살펴보고자 한다. 인천의 1인가구 구성비가 2015년 23.3%에서 2045년에 34.7%로 증가할 것으로 전망된다. 구체적으로 8구 2군의 행정구역상 증가율을 살펴보면, 1인가구의 절대적인 수치는 여전히 구도심이 높지만, 밀도의 증가율은 신도심의 수치가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 인구사회학적 구성은 20~59세의 연령에서는 남성, 60세 이상의 연령에서는 여성 1인가구가 많은 것으로 조사되었다. 본 연구는 한국복지패널 1차년도부터 11차년도 자료를 바탕으로 소득과 고용, 건강 및 주, 삶의 만족도에서 세대 공통적으로 경인지역 1인가구가 복지 사각지대에 놓여 있음을 살펴보았다. 먼저 청년 1인가구는 구성원들 간의 다양성이 존재하였으며, 대체적으로 주거 불안을 겪고 있었다. 중·장년과 노년층은 사회적 고립감이 상대적으로 높았다. 인천의 1인가구는 주거와 건강지원서비스가 타 지역에 비해 정책수요가 높다고 볼 수 있다. 따라서, 종합적인 관점에서 1인가구의 복지정책 수요에 부합하기 위한 시사점과 정책방향을 제시하였다.
Air–Ground Channel Characterization for Unmanned Aircraft Systems—Part I: Methods, Measurements, and Models for Over-Water Settings (2016)

The use of unmanned aerial systems (UASs), which are also known as unmanned aerial vehicles, and by the term “drones” in the popular press, is growing rapidly. To ensure safety, UAS control and nonpayload communication (CNPC) links must operate very reliably in a variety of conditions. This requires an accurate quantitative characterization of the air-ground (AG) channel, and this channel characterization is the focus of this paper. After providing motivation and background, we describe our methods and modeling approach, followed by a description of our simultaneous dual-band (L-band ~970 MHz, C-band ~5 GHz) measurement campaign and the over-water (OW) measurement sites. Example results for path loss and root-mean-square delay spread are provided, as well as the results for channel stationarity distance (SD), used in calculating small-scale Rician K- factor and correlations between the two receiver antennas that we employed in each frequency band. Two distinct SD measures-the power delay profile (PDP) correlation coefficient and the spatial autocorrelation matrix collinearity-were used and found to be of the same order. Path-loss exponents are near that of free space, but significant two-ray cancelation effects for these OW settings warrant more accurate models, which we provide. Delay spreads in the OW channels are also dominated by the two-ray components and are hence typically very small (~10 ns) but can exceed 350 ns. A third intermittent multipath component (MPC) is also present a nonnegligible fraction of time; hence, we provide statistical wideband AG channel models to represent this. Future papers in this series will report results for the AG channel with ground sites in other types of environments.
Covid-19: Researcher blows the whistle on data integrity issues in Pfizer’s vaccine trial: Video 1 (2021)

Revelations of poor practices at a contract research company helping to carry out Pfizer’s pivotal covid-19 vaccine trial raise questions about data integrity and regulatory oversight. <b>Paul D Thacker</b> reports
Cloned T-cell proliferation and synthesis of specific proteins are inhibited by quinine. (1986)

Recombinant human interleukin 2 (rIL-2) drives the proliferation of the cloned murine T-helper line L2. The initial G1 activation occurs during the first 20 hr after stimulation, with DNA synthesis (S phase) beginning approximately 20 hr after rIL-2 stimulation. Three patterns of protein synthesis were observed during G1 activation. Type I proteins (e.g., p72 and p66) were synthesized at near maximal rates as early as 4 hr after stimulation, with little change in rates of synthesis through the G1 to S phase transition. Type II proteins (e.g., p52 and p36) were detectable early after stimulation, but their rates of synthesis continued to increase throughout G1 activation, becoming maximal 24-28 hr after stimulation. Type III proteins (e.g., p93, p89, and p63) were synthesized maximally 4 or 8 hr after rIL-2 stimulation, then their rates of synthesis declined markedly to prestimulation levels. Type II proteins, p52 and p36, were shown to be correlated with cell proliferation, since their rates of synthesis were maximal while L2 cells were proliferating and declined as the cells returned to a quiescent state. The potassium channel blocker quinine inhibited cell growth and the synthesis of p52 and p36 when added 0 or 2 hr after rIL-2 stimulation but not when added 6 hr after rIL-2 stimulation. Thus, a quinine-sensitive event occurring in L2 cells between 2 and 6 hr after rIL-2 stimulation is necessary for synthesis of type II proteins, DNA synthesis, and cell proliferation.
A GPS/DR Data Fusion Method Based on the GPS Characteristics for Mobile Robot Navigation (2014)

In this paper we have considered the problem of outdoor mobile robot navigation using dead reckoning (DR) system and single GPS receiver. DR is a very simple and practical positioning technique. It is used in various positioning and navigation applications, especially for the mobile robot. DR can provide short term precise navigation information. But its errors will generally accumulate as the mobile robot continues to travel, and the calculated position of the mobile robot will become less and less accurate. For outdoor navigation application, GPS exhibit lots of advantages. It can provide real time and relatively accurate position data in spite of bad weather or other negative factors. But the big errors of civilian used single GPS receiver prevent it from applying to navigation for mobile robot alone. Differential GPS (DGPS) can be used to achieve an error of less than one meter but the costs are prohibitive in terms of commercializing it into the mass market. In this study, a cheap single GPS receiver cooperated with a DR system was used for the navigation system of a outdoors mobile robot in which a new GPS/DR data fusion method was utilized. This proposed fusion algorithm was based on the characteristics of the chosen single GPS receiver. The presented fusion algorithm does not bring much calculation burden and can provide accurate and robust navigation information for the mobile robot by adaptively switching between GPS/DR and DR when GPS lost the satellite signals. Simulation and experiment were performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed fusion method and the good results showed its potential for outdoors mobile robot navigation.
Insulin regulates expression of c-fos and c-jun and suppresses apoptosis of lens epithelial cells. (1995)

This study investigates whether insulin (a differentiation factor for lens epithelial cells) acts as a survival factor. In the absence of insulin, 6-day embryonic chicken lens epithelial explants undergo apoptosis as shown by changes in cell morphology, DNA fragmentation, and loss of trypan blue exclusion. Insulin inhibits these changes and promotes survival of the cells. Aurintricarboxylic acid suppresses the apoptosis of lens explants. In contrast to 6-day embryonic explants, 19-day embryonic explants survive in the absence of insulin, presumably due to an endogenous survival factor. To explore the mechanism of the action of insulin as a survival factor for 6-day embryonic lens explants, we compared the pattern of cell cycle markers (c-fos, c-jun, c-myc, p53, histone H3, thymidine kinase, and cyclin B) in both apoptotic and differentiating lens explants. In the presence of insulin, the expression of c-fos and c-jun was down-regulated after an initial induction. Expression of these genes was also induced in the absence of insulin, but mRNA levels remained elevated as the cells underwent apoptosis. In contrast, expression of c-myc, p53, histone H3, thymidine kinase, and cyclin B showed only minor differences in differentiating and apoptotic cells. Since c-fos and c-jun have been shown to play a role in apoptosis in other cell types, the ability of insulin to regulate expression of these genes may be central to its ability to act as a survival factor for lens epithelial cells.