gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Absolute calibration of acoustic sensors utilizing electromagnetic scattering from <i>in situ</i> particulate matter (1988)

The present paper initiates a study to understand the errors inherent to a laboratory technique similar to that used by K. J. Taylor [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 70, 939–945 (1981)] for absolute calibration of microphones. Considered here is the idealized situation when a plane-polarized monochromatic plane electromagnetic wave is incident on a finite scattering volume containing dispersed small dielectric spheres that oscillate under the joint influence of a plane transient acoustic wave and Brownian motion. Any component of the scattered and Doppler-shifted electromagnetic signal at a distant farfield point in an obliquely backward direction is a sum of N terms, each of the generic form An cos(ω0t) + Bn sin(ω0t), where An and Bn depend on the instantaneous position of the nth scatterer. Since these positions change with time, the coefficients also vary, although slowly over intervals comparable to 1/ω0. Statistical properties of the time varying sum functions A(t) and B (t) are studied analytically and with numerical simulations for various models of the sound wave and the Brownian motion. A principal problem adressed is that of determining the statistics of the time interval Δt over which a fixed number K of zero crossings occur for the sum A(t) cos(ω0t) + B(t) sin(ω0t), given that this interval is centered at a particular time, the pertinent quantity of interest being the relative error in the accumulative phase difference 2 π K / Δt − ω0 per unit time. The results support the general conclusions that smaller errors are expected for higher amplitude sound waves and for sound waves of lower frequency. [Work supported by ONR.]
Porous silicon electrodes for high performance integrated supercapacitors (2014)

We demonstrate high performance porous Si based supercapacitor electrodes that can be utilized in integrated micro supercapacitors. The key enabler here is ultra-thin TiN coating of the porous Si matrix leading to high power and stability. The TiN layer is deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD), which provides sufficient conformality to reach the bottom of the high aspect ratio pores. Our porous Si supercapacitor devices exhibit almost ideal double layer capacitor characteristic with electrode volumetric capacitance of 7.3 F/cm. Several orders of magnitude increase in power and energy density is obtained comparing to uncoated porous silicon electrodes. Good stability of devices is confirmed performing over 5 000 charge/discharge cycles.
Distribution of inducible nitric oxide synthase in ulcerative colitis. (1997)

We conclude that NO in colonic mucosa may play a potential role in the pathogenesis of UC.
Acetaminophen Improves Protein Translational Signaling in Aged Skeletal Muscle (2010)

Aging is associated with impairments in the regulation of proteins thought to be important in controlling mRNA translation, and acetaminophen may be useful for the treatment of age-related muscle atrophy by reducing oxidative stress.
Hierarchically structured, hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel matrices via the covalent integration of microgels into macroscopic networks (2010)

We aimed to develop biomimetic hydrogel matrices that not only exhibit structural hierarchy and mechanical integrity, but also present biological cues in a controlled fashion. To this end, photocrosslinkable, hyaluronic acid (HA)-based hydrogel particles (HGPs) were synthesized via an inverse emulsion crosslinking process followed by chemical modification with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). HA modified with GMA (HA-GMA) was employed as the soluble macromer. Macroscopic hydrogels containing covalently integrated hydrogel particles (HA-c-HGP) were prepared by radical polymerization of HA-GMA in the presence of crosslinkable HGPs. The covalent linkages between the hydrogel particles and the secondary HA matrix resulted in the formation of a diffuse, fibrilar interface around the particles. Compared to the traditional bulk gels synthesized by photocrosslinking of HA-GMA, these hydrogels exhibited a reduced sol fraction and a lower equilibrium swelling ratio. When tested under uniaxial compression, the HA-c-HGP gels were more pliable than the HA-p-HGP gels and fractured at higher strain than the HA-GMA gels. Primary bovine chondrocytes were photoencapsulated in the HA matrices with minimal cell damage. The 3D microenvironment created by HA-GMA and HA HGPs not only maintained the chondrocyte phenotype but also fostered the production of cartilage specific extracellular matrix. To further improve the biological activities of the HA-c-HGP gels, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) was loaded into the immobilized HGPs. BMP-2 was released from the HA-c-HGP gels in a controlled manner with reduced initial burst over prolonged periods of time. The HA-c-HGP gels are promising candidates for use as bioactive matrices for cartilage tissue engineering.
An integrated speech synthesizer (1981)

A large scale integrated speech synthesizer is described. It is based on linear predictive coding which is a voice compression technique. The speech synthesizer is suitable for a wide range of applications, particularly in the telecommunications field. The circuit has been designed and fabricated in standard NMOS silicon-gate enhancement-depletion technology. The multidrain MOS (MDMOS) technique used permits a symbolic layout which makes the chip design remarkably simple.
Teflon/polyurethane arthroplasty of the knee: the first 2 years preliminary clinical experience in a new concept of artificial resurfacing of full thickness cartilage lesions of the knee. (1993)

Thirty-seven full-thickness knee cartilage lesions were treated with a Teflon/polyurethane composite implant in 23 patients. The preoperative diagnoses were osteoarthritis, osteonecrosis and a traumatic osteochondral lesion. The implant was fixed to the subchondral bone with Tissucol (Immuno, Vienna), a human fibrin glue. The leg was immobilized for 6 weeks followed by 8 days of continuous passive motion in parallel with full weight-bearing. High tibial osteotomy to correct a varus or valgus deformity was performed on 16 patients approximately 6 weeks after implantation of the composite implant. Fourteen patients were arthroscoped after 1 year, which demonstrated good fixation and congruity of the implant with the adjacent cartilage. All 23 patients were available for clinical and radiographic follow-up at a minimum period of 2 years after implantation. Seventy-eight percent of the patients reported complete pain relief. Eleven patients were rated as good, 3 as fair, 4 as poor, while 4 were loosenings. All loosenings were from knees with unicompartmental bipolar implantations and required only arthroscopic removal. Moreover, 21% of the patients had reduced range of motion post-operatively. No clinical synovitis was seen. This high incidence of stiff knees may be reduced by shortening or altogether eliminating the post-operative immobilization period in conjunction with early application of CPM. We conclude that a Teflon/polyurethane composite implant has been successful as a prosthetic knee resurface implant and demonstrates good biocompatibility. However, the use of unicompartmental bipolar implants should be avoided.
A novel placental tissue biologic, PTP-001, inhibits inflammatory and catabolic responses in vitro and prevents pain and cartilage degeneration in a rat model of osteoarthritis (2021)

PTP-001 represents a promising biologic treatment for osteoarthritis, with a multi-modal mechanism of action that may contribute to symptom management and disease modification.
Effect of L-Thyroxine and Carbimazole on Brain Biogenic Amines and Amino Acids in Rats (1993)

Effect of L-thyroxine and carbimazole on brain biogenic amines and amino acids content and circulating levels of thyroid hormones has been investigated in rats. L-thyroxine treatment caused marked elevation of 5-HT, histamine and glutamate along with the decline in the level of GABA whereas administration of carbimazole had a contrary effect on rat hypothalamus. Further, L-thyroxine administration also raised histamine as well as glutamate content and decreased GABA level in thalamic region of the rat brain but carbimazole treatment reduced 5-HT and glutamate content in this area of the rat brain. Similarly, cortical content of 5-HT and histamine also increased following L-thyroxine administration whereas carbimazole treatment lowered 5-HT, histamine and glutamate levels. Simultaneously, there was a considerable rise in the circulating levels of T3 and T4 in L-thyroxine-treated rats and a marked reduction in their levels in carbimazole-treated rats. There is a positive correlation between these amines and the thyroid hormone level. Thus, the results suggest that L-thyroxine and carbimazole administration cause marked alteration in biogenic amines and amino acids in rat brain, which may have an important role in the functioning of thyroid gland.
Synergistic effects of plant‐growth promoting rhizobacteria and <i>Rhizobium</i> on nodulation and nitrogen fixation by pigeonpea ( <i>Cajanus cajan</i> ) (2006)

Summary Plant‐growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), in conjuction with efficient Rhizobium , can affect the growth and nitrogen fixation in pigeonpea by inducing the occupancy of introduced Rhizobium in the nodules of the legume. This study assessed the effect of different plant‐growth promoting rhizobacteria ( Azotobacter chroococcum , Azospirillum brasilense , Pseudomonas fluorescens , Pseudomonas putida and Bacillus cereus ) on pigeonpea ( Cajanus cajan (L) Milsp.) cv. P‐921 inoculated with Rhizobium sp. (AR‐2–2 k). A glasshouse experiment was carried out with a sandy‐loam soil in which the seeds were treated with Rhizobium alone or in combination with several PGPR isolates. It was monitored on the basis of nodulation, N 2 fixation, shoot biomass, total N content in shoot and legume grain yield. The competitive ability of the introduced Rhizobium strain was assessed by calculating nodule occupancy. The PGPR isolates used did not antagonize the introduced Rhizobium strain and the dual inoculation with either Pseudomonas putida , P. fluorescens or Bacillus cereus resulted in a significant increase in plant growth, nodulation and enzyme activity over Rhizobium ‐inoculated and uninoculated control plants. The nodule occupancy of the introduced Rhizobium strain increased from 50% (with Rhizobium alone) to 85% in the presence of Pseudomonas putida . This study enabled us to select an ideal combination of efficient Rhizobium strain and PGPR for pigeonpea grown in the semiarid tropics.
Convergent Responses to Stress. Solar Ultraviolet-B Radiation and <i>Manduca sexta</i> Herbivory Elicit Overlapping Transcriptional Responses in Field-Grown Plants of <i>Nicotiana longiflora</i>   (2003)

The effects of solar ultraviolet (UV)-B (280-315 nm) on plants have been studied intensively over the last 2 decades in connection with research on the biological impacts of stratospheric ozone depletion. However, the molecular mechanisms that mediate plant responses to solar (ambient) UV-B and their interactions with response mechanisms activated by other stressors remain for the most part unclear. Using a microarray enriched in wound- and insect-responsive sequences, we examined expression responses of 241 genes to ambient UV-B in field-grown plants of Nicotiana longiflora Cav. Approximately 20% of the sequences represented on the array showed differential expression in response to solar UV-B. The expression responses to UV-B had parallels with those elicited by simulated Manduca sexta herbivory. The most obvious similarities were: (a) down-regulation of several photosynthesis-related genes, and (b) up-regulation of genes involved in fatty acid metabolism and oxylipin biosynthesis such as HPL (hydroperoxide lyase), alpha-DIOX (alpha-dioxygenase), LOX (13-lipoxygenase), and AOS (allene oxide synthase). Genes encoding a WRKY transcription factor, a ferredoxin-dependent glutamate-synthase, and several other insect-responsive genes of unknown function were also similarly regulated by UV-B and insect herbivory treatments. Our results suggest that UV-B and caterpillar herbivory activate common regulatory elements and provide a platform for understanding the mechanisms of UV-B impacts on insect herbivory that have been documented in recent field studies.
Thực trạng và giải pháp cơ bản nhằm góp phần nâng cao chất lượng giáo dục đạo đức cách mạng cho sinh viên Trường Đại học Đồng Tháp (2022)

Qua khảo sát 200 sinh viên đang học tập tại Trường Đại học Đồng Tháp về các hoạt động giáo dục đạo đức cách mạng cho sinh viên trong Nhà trường, chúng tôi tiến hành phân tích số liệu và đánh giá thực trạng các hoạt động giáo dục đạo đức cách mạng như: Giáo dục đạo đức cách mạng thông qua giảng dạy các môn học về lý luận chính trị; Thông qua hoạt động tuyên truyền, giáo dục đạo đức cách mạng của các tổ chức Đảng và đoàn thể; Thông qua vai trò tiên phong, gương mẫu của đội ngũ giảng viên và thông qua ý thức tự giáo dục, tự rèn luyện đạo đức cách mạng của sinh viên. Từ đó, chúng tôi đề ra các giải pháp cơ bản nhằm góp phần nâng cao chất lượng giáo dục đạo đức cách mạng cho sinh viên Trường Đại học Đồng Tháp trong thời gian tới.
The solid-state drive technology, today and tomorrow (2015)

This tutorial overviews flash memory solid-state drive technologies and recent advances in the field.
Predicting physical equations of soil detachment by simulated concentrated flow in Ultisols (subtropical China) (2011)

ABSTRACT Soil detachment in concentrated flow is due to the dislodging of soil particles from the soil matrix by surface runoff. Both aggregate stability and shear strength of the topsoil reflect the erosion resistance of soil to concentrated runoff, and are important input parameters in predicting soil detachment models. This study was conducted to develop a formula to predict soil detachment rate in concentrated flow by using the aggregate stability index ( As ), root density ( R d ) and saturated soil strength ( σ s ) in the subtropical Ultisols region of China. The detachment rates of undisturbed topsoil samples collected from eight cultivated soil plots were measured in a 3.8 m long, 0.2 m wide hydraulic flume under five different flow shear stresses ( τ = 4.54, 9.38, 15.01, 17.49 and 22.54 Pa). The results indicated that the stability index ( As ) was well related with soil detachment rate, particularly for results obtained with high flow shear stress (22.54 Pa), and the stability index ( As ) has a good linear relationship with concentrated flow erodibility factors ( K c ). There was a positive linear relationship between saturated soil strength ( σ s ) and critical flow shear stress ( τ c ) for different soils. A significant negative exponential relationship between erodibility factors ( K c ) and root density ( R d ) was detected. This study yielded two prediction equations that allowed comparison of their efficiency in assessing soil detachment rate in concentrated flow. The equation including the root density ( R d ) may have a better correlation coefficient ( R 2 = 0.95). It was concluded that the formula based on the stability index ( As ), saturated soil strength ( σ s ) and root density ( R d ) has the potential to improve methodology for assessing soil detachment rate in concentrated flow for the subtropical Chinese Ultisols. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Meta-Analysis for Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Multiple Variants at the BIN1 Locus Associated with Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease (2011)

Recent GWAS studies focused on uncovering novel genetic loci related to AD have revealed associations with variants near CLU, CR1, PICALM and BIN1. In this study, we conducted a genome-wide association study in an independent set of 1034 cases and 1186 controls using the Illumina genotyping platforms. By coupling our data with available GWAS datasets from the ADNI and GenADA, we replicated the original associations in both PICALM (rs3851179) and CR1 (rs3818361). The PICALM variant seems to be non-significant after we adjusted for APOE e4 status. We further tested our top markers in 751 independent cases and 751 matched controls. Besides the markers close to the APOE locus, a marker (rs12989701) upstream of BIN1 locus was replicated and the combined analysis reached genome-wide significance level (p = 5E-08). We combined our data with the published Harold et al. study and meta-analysis with all available 6521 cases and 10360 controls at the BIN1 locus revealed two significant variants (rs12989701, p = 1.32E-10 and rs744373, p = 3.16E-10) in limited linkage disequilibrium (r² = 0.05) with each other. The independent contribution of both SNPs was supported by haplotype conditional analysis. We also conducted multivariate analysis in canonical pathways and identified a consistent signal in the downstream pathways targeted by Gleevec (P = 0.004 in Pfizer; P = 0.028 in ADNI and P = 0.04 in GenADA). We further tested variants in CLU, PICALM, BIN1 and CR1 for association with disease progression in 597 AD patients where longitudinal cognitive measures are sufficient. Both the PICALM and CLU variants showed nominal significant association with cognitive decline as measured by change in Clinical Dementia Rating-sum of boxes (CDR-SB) score from the baseline but did not pass multiple-test correction. Future experiments will help us better understand potential roles of these genetic loci in AD pathology.
Real-Time Digital Nyquist-WDM and OFDM Signal Generation: Spectral Efficiency Versus DSP Complexity (2012)

We investigated the performance of Nyquist WDM and OFDM with respect to required DSP complexity. We demonstrate Nyquist pulse-shaping requiring less resources than IFFT-based OFDM for a similar performance. Tests are performed with QPSK/16QAM in a three-carrier WDM scenario.
Workload Characterization of a Large Systems Conference Web Server (2009)

This paper presents a workload characterization study of the WWW2007 conference Web site. We use both server-sideband client-side measurement to collect data for our analysis. The collected datasets contain approximately 10 million requests from about 130,000 unique visitors generating 215 GB of traffic volume during a 1-year period. Our analysis focuses on usage behaviour, client errors, client network properties,bandwidth, and robot activity of the site.In addition to the workload characterization study itself,our work also offers a comparative discussion of different approaches to Web data analysis, and some insights for future organizers of large systems conferences with a significant Web presence.
Gravitational Wave Detection via Weak Measurements Amplification (2017)

A universal amplification scheme of ultra-small phase based on weak measurements is given and a weak measurements amplification based laser interferometer gravitational-wave observatory (WMA-LIGO) is suggested. The WMA-LIGO has potential to amplify the ultra-small phase signal to at least $10^{3}$ order of magnitude such that the sensitivity and bandwidth of gravitational-wave detector can be further improved. Our results not only shed a new light on the quantum measurement but also open a new way to the gravitational-wave detection.
MIMO Equalization to Mitigate Turbulence in a 2-Channel 40-Gbit/s QPSK Free-Space Optical 100-m Round-Trip Orbital-Angular-Momentum-Multiplexed Link Between a Ground Station and a Retro-Reflecting UAV (2018)

We experimentally demonstrate turbulence mitigation using 2×2 MIMO equalization in a 100-m round-trip, 40-Gbit/s OAM-multiplexed FSO link between a ground transmitter and receiver via a retro-reflecting hovering UA V. Two OAM modes are transmitted, each achieving a BER of .
Design options for advanced manned launch systems (1995)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
High Resistivity Zinc Stannate As A Buffer Layer In CdS/CdTe Solar Cells (2005)

The electrical conductivity of transparent conducting oxides is well exploited in front surface electrodes for solar cells where high transmission is also important. Fluorine doped tin oxide (SnO2: F) is the most popular choice of front contacts for CdTe solar cells. In this thesis, Cd2SnO4 and Zn2SnO4 thin films are investigated focusing on their electrical and optical properties and used them in solar cells. Processing for these materials is optimized for optimum solar cell performance.\nCd2SnO4 thin films are deposited by co-sputtering of CdO and SnO2 targets in Ar ambient at room temperature. Then films are subjected to high temperature annealing in He ambient. The films crystallize in inverse spinel structure. The average transmission of a Cd2SnO4 thin film with a thickness of 2500Å obtained in this study is 92%. The lowest resistivity obtained in this work for a Cd2SnO4 film with a thickness of 2500Å is 5.4 X 10-4 Ω-cm. The effect of stoichiometry on structure, optical and electrical properties of Cd2SnO4 is studied by varying the amount of CdO and SnO2 in the Cd2SnO4 film.\nZinc stannate thin films are deposited by co-sputtering of ZnO and SnO2 targets in Ar ambient at both room temperature and elevated temperatures. As deposited and high temperature annealed Zn2SnO4 thin films are highly resistive. The average transmission x of a Zn2SnO4 thin film with a thickness of 2000Å and annealed at 600°C in He has been 94%. Zn2SnO4 thin films are incorporated as a buffer layers into CdTe solar cells. SnO2: F is used as a front contact in CdTe solar cells in conjunction with high resistive Zn2SnO4 buffer layer.\nThe best SnO2:F /zinc stannate cell device performance for room temperature deposited zinc stannate film resulted for the device with Zn/Sn =2.1. It has an efficiency of 12.43% with VOC = 810mV, FF = 66.6% and JSC = 23.1 mA. The best SnO2:F /zinc stannate cell device performance for Zn2SnO4 thin film deposited at 400°C resulted for the device with 500Å thick zinc stannate. It has an efficiency of 14.21% with VOC = 830mV, FF = 69.3% and JSC = 24.74 mA