gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fatty acid metabolism: target for metabolic syndrome (2008)

Fatty acids are a major energy source and important constituents of membrane lipids, and they serve as cellular signaling molecules that play an important role in the etiology of the metabolic syndrome. Acetyl-CoA carboxylases 1 and 2 (ACC1 and ACC2) catalyze the synthesis of malonyl-CoA, the substrate for fatty acid synthesis and the regulator of fatty acid oxidation. They are highly regulated and play important roles in the energy metabolism of fatty acids in animals, including humans. They are presently considered as an attractive target to regulate the human diseases of obesity, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular complications. In this review we discuss the role of fatty acid metabolism and its key players, ACC1 and ACC2, in animal evolution and physiology, as related to health and disease.
New Enantioselective Reactions catalysed by cinchonidine-modified platinum (1993)

The conjugated diketones butane-2,3-dione and hexane-3,4-dione can be hydrogenated enantioselectively over Pt/silica modified by cinchonidine giving enantiomeric excesses in favour of (R)-(–)-3-hydroxybutan-2-one of up to 38% and of (R)-(-)-4-hydroxyhexan-3-one up to 33%.
Secondary electron imaging of nonconductors with nanometer resolution (2006)

The resolution of secondary electron (SE) images in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is limited by the SE diffusion length. However, most materials are poor electrical conductors and in practice, resolution and image information content are often limited by charging. We demonstrate how charging can be eliminated as the resolution-limiting factor using a gaseous SE detector for magnetic immersion electron lenses. Charging is stabilized by ions produced in a magnetic field-assisted gas ionization cascade. The charge control self-regulation process does not quench the SE imaging signal, thereby enabling high resolution image contrast mechanisms that are suppressed in high vacuum SEM.
Immune selection during tumor checkpoint inhibition therapy paves way for NK-cell “missing self” recognition (2017)

The ability of NK cells to specifically recognize cells lacking expression of self-MHC class I molecules was discovered over 30 years ago. It provided the foundation for the "missing self" hypothesis. Research in the two past decades has contributed to a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms that determine the specificity and strength of NK cell-mediated "missing self" responses to tumor cells. However, in light of the recent remarkable breakthroughs in clinical cancer immunotherapy, the cytolytic potential of NK cells still remains largely untapped in clinical settings. There is abundant evidence demonstrating partial or complete loss of HLA class I expression in a wide spectrum of human tumor types. Such loss may result from immune selection of escape variants by tumor-specific CD8 T cells and has more recently also been linked to acquired resistance to checkpoint inhibition therapy. In the present review, we discuss the early predictions of the "missing self" hypothesis, its molecular basis and outline the potential for NK cell-based adoptive immunotherapy to convert checkpoint inhibitor therapy-resistant patients into clinical responders.
Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) and Battery Management System (BMS) for Grid-Scale Applications (2014)

The current electric grid is an inefficient system that wastes significant amounts of the electricity it produces because there is a disconnect between the amount of energy consumers require and the amount of energy produced from generation sources. Power plants typically produce more power than necessary to ensure adequate power quality. By taking advantage of energy storage within the grid, many of these inefficiencies can be removed. When using battery energy storage systems (BESS) for grid storage, advanced modeling is required to accurately monitor and control the storage system. A battery management system (BMS) controls how the storage system will be used and a BMS that utilizes advanced physics-based models will offer for much more robust operation of the storage system. The paper outlines the current state of the art for modeling in BMS and the advanced models required to fully utilize BMS for both lithium-ion batteries and vanadium redox-flow batteries. In addition, system architecture and how it can be useful in monitoring and control is discussed. A pathway for advancing BMS to better utilize BESS for grid-scale applications is outlined.
Myofascial pain syndrome: electromyographic changes associated with local twitch response. (1985)

Electromyographic (EMG) recordings of the local twitch response in sixteen subjects with pain from active myofascial trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle were examined and compared with recordings from the contralateral normal muscle bands in the same individual. Needle electromyography and a specific reproducible snapping palpation technique were used to elicit and record the local twitch response. The mean value for the EMG recordings of bands with trigger points versus the normal muscle bands using the visual scoring method were 3.81 and .81 respectively. Mean values for the EMG recordings of muscle bands with trigger points versus the normal muscle using the spike counting method were 31.81 and 8.75 respectively. Both results were statistically compared using student's t-test. The motorunit electrical activity of the bands with trigger points was found to be significantly higher (p less than or equal to 0.001) than that of the normal muscle.
Morphologic observations on experimental subretinal neovascularization in the monkey. (1987)

Subretinal neovascularization is a poorly understood and potentially disastrous feature of many eye diseases. We used light and electron microscopy to study the sequence of events that lead to the formation of new vessels after laser photocoagulation of the retina and choroid of primates. In this animal model there is a rapid development of new blood vessels; one day after photocoagulation, endothelial cell degeneration and thrombus formation were observed in the capillaries, venules and arterioles of the choroid around the center of the lesion. Re-endothelialization began in some thrombosed choroidal vessels, with migration of the activated endothelial cells within the old basement membrane. Two days after photocoagulation, re-endothelialization was observed in almost all thrombosed choroidal vessels, and the initial stage of the endothelial cell budding was observed in the pre-existing choroidal vessels; this was especially prominent in venules with pericytes. Three days after photocoagulation, not only the endothelial cells in pre-existing vessels but also those in re-endothelialized vessels showed budding and lumen formation. The lumen of vessels was formed by the budding of adjacent endothelial cells that were coupled by transient intercellular junctions. Mitotic figures were frequently found in the endothelial cells distal to the growing tip. Five to eight days after photocoagulation, many new vessels extended into the subretinal space.
Dynamic reduction of dimensions of a document vector in a document search and retrieval system (2023)

The method and system of the invention involves processing each new document (20) coming into the system into a document vector (16), and creating a document vector with reduced dimensionality (17) for comparison with the data model (15) without recomputing the data model (15). These operations are carried out by a first computer (11) while a second computer (12) updates the data model (18), which can be comprised of an initial large group of documents (19) and is premised on the computing an initial data model (13, 14, 15) to provide a reference point for determining document vectors from documents processed from the data stream (20).
Catalytic Ozonation of m-Dinitrobenzene (2005)

Abstract The efficiency of catalytic ozonation with homogeneous (containing dissolved ions of Fe2+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+, V5+, Cr3+, Mo6+) and heterogeneous (MnO2, Ni2O3, Fe2O3, CuO, Al2O3, CoO, V2O5, Cr2O3, MoO3, TiO2) catalysts and non-accompanied ozonation was compared for degradation of m-dinitrobenzene (m-DNB). Several transition metals in homogeneous and heterogeneous form improved significantly the ozone performance for degradation of m-DNB. This improvement was found to be due to supplementary formation of reactive species (hydroxyl radicals) and better ozone utilization. The effects observed were found to be strongly dependent on the treatment conditions. Keywords: OzoneCatalytic Ozonation m-DinitrobenzeneHomogeneous CatalystsHeterogeneous Catalysts ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The financial support of the Estonian Science Foundation (grant No. 4669) is gratefully acknowledged. We would like to thank Ms. Viktoria Voronova for technical assistance.
Heat, Fluid, and Sample Control in Point-of-Care Diagnostics (2016)

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2016-09
Efficient feeding profile optimization for recombinant protein production using physiological information (2012)

A multivariate study was performed aiming at the optimization of a recombinant rhamnose inducible E. coli induction system with alkaline phosphatase as target product. The effects of typical factors with impact on post- as well as pre-induction feeding rates were investigated with respect to the space-time yield of the target product. The goal was increased understanding as well as quantitative characterization of these factors with respect to their physiological impact on the model system. The optical density (OD) at which the culture was induced had a strong positive effect on the space-time yield. Pre-induction growth rate (k) had a second-order effect, while induction feed rate drop (J), a factor defining the linear post-induction feed rate, was interacting with (k). However, explanation of the observed effects to acquire more understanding regarding their effect on cell metabolism was not straight forward. Hence, the original process parameters were transformed into physiological more meaningful parameters and served as the basis for a multivariate data analysis. The observed variance with respect to observed volumetric activity was fully explained by the specific substrate uptake rate (q (s)) and induction OD, merging the process parameters pre-induction growth rate (k) and feed rate drop (J) into the physiological parameter specific substrate uptake rate (q (s)). After transformation of the response volumetric activity (U/ml) into the biomass specific activity (U/g(biomass)), the observed variance was fully explained solely by the specific substrate uptake rate (q (s)). Due to physiological multivariate data analysis, the interpretation of the results was facilitated and factors were reduced. On the basis of the obtained results, it was concluded that the physiological parameter q (s) rather than process parameters (k, J, induction OD) should be used for process optimization with respect to the feeding profile.
Nanozyme Sensor Arrays for Detecting Versatile Analytes from Small Molecules to Proteins and Cells (2018)

Nanozymes have emerged as promising alternatives to overcome the high cost and low stability of natural enzymes. Nanozymes with peroxidase-like activities have been studied to construct versatile biosensors by using specific biorecognition ligands (such as enzymes, antibodies, and aptamers) or molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). However, the use of bioligands compromises the high stability and low cost promise of nanozymes, while the MIPs may not be applicable to multiplex detection. To address these limitations, here we constructed the nanozyme sensor arrays based on peroxidase-like Pt, Ru, and Ir nanozymes. The cross-reactive nanozyme sensor arrays were successfully used for the detection of biothiols and proteins as well as the discrimination of cancer cells because of the differential nonspecific interactions between the components of the sensor arrays and the analytes. The usefulness of the nanozyme sensor arrays was further validated by the detection of blind unknown samples, where 28 of 30 biothiols and 42 of 45 proteins were correctly identified. Moreover, the practical application of the nanozyme sensor arrays was demonstrated by the successful discrimination of biothiols in serum and proteins in human urine.
Rapid Diagnosis of Soybean Seedling Blight Caused by <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> and Soybean Charcoal Rot Caused by <i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i> Using LAMP Assays (2015)

A new method of direct detection of pathogenic fungi in infected soybean tissues has been reported here. The method rapidly diagnoses soybean seedling blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani and soybean charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina, and features loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). The primers were designed and screened using internal transcribed spacers (ITS) as target DNAs of both pathogens. An ITS-Rs-LAMP assay for R. solani and an ITS-Mp-LAMP assay for M. phaseolina that can detect the pathogen in diseased soybean tissues in the field have been developed. Both LAMP assays efficiently amplified the target genes over 60 min at 62°C. A yellow-green color (visible to the naked eye) or intense green fluorescence (visible under ultraviolet light) was only observed in the presence of R. solani or M. phaseolina after addition of SYBR Green I. The detection limit of the ITS-Rs-LAMP assay was 10 pg μl⁻¹ of genomic DNA; and that of the ITS-Mp-LAMP assay was 100 pg μl⁻¹ of genomic DNA. Using the two assays described here, we successfully and rapidly diagnosed suspect diseased soybean samples collected in the field from Jiangsu and Anhui provinces.
Ligand-Induced Formation of Triple Helices with Antiparallel Third Strands Containing G and T (1996)

We have examined the effects of benzopyridoindole derivatives on triple helices with antiparallel third strands. Absorption spectroscopy, footprinting, and gel retardation experiments demonstrate that a benzopyridoindole derivative (BePI) is able to induce formation of a triple helix with an antiparallel (G, T)-containing third strand, which does not form in the absence of this ligand. This triple-helical complex is very stable with a half-dissociation temperature as high as 51 degrees C, and its formation is pH independent. Antiparallel oligonucleotides containing thymine and guanine bind strongly to double-helical DNA under physiological conditions in the presence of only 0.5 microM BePI. Formation of a BePI-stabilized triple helix strongly inhibits cleavage of the target duplex by DNase I.
Dynamic Range Improvement for an Analog Photonic Link Using an Integrated Electro-Optic Dual-Polarization Modulator (2016)

A novel analog photonic link with enhanced spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) based on an integrated electro-optic dual-polarization modulator is presented and demonstrated. The dual-polarization modulator, which consists of a polarization beam splitter, a polarization beam combiner, and two z-cut LiNbO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> MZMs, can achieve complementary intensity modulation along the orthogonal polarization directions with different modulation indexes. By properly adjusting the power relationship of the orthogonal polarization directions, two third-order intermodulation distortions (IMD3) have equal intensity and opposite phase and cancel each other out. Combined with a low-biasing technique to reduce the noise power, the SFDR of the link can be further improved. A theoretical analysis is presented and validated by a simulation. The IMD3 can be suppressed by 30.6 dB, giving an improvement in SFDR of about 22 dB compared with a conventional optical double-sideband modulation link.
Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection Associated Forbush Decreases in Neutron Monitors (2020)

Abstract Interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) are eruptions of plasma that propagate outward through the heliosphere. ICMEs, and the shocks they drive, cause a sudden decrease in the cosmic-ray flux in their local area of the heliosphere, called a Forbush decrease (FD). A method of defining FDs is established, and an automated process for identifying FDs in neutron monitor (NM) data is created. The correlation between ICME properties and FD magnitude in 12 different NMs is examined for 91 ICME-associated FD events occurring from 2001 through 2019 August. A number of ICME properties show positive correlation with FD magnitude, with decreasing correlation strength as NM cutoff rigidity increases.
Quality control and analysis of flow cytometry data (2012)

Data captured from new generation flow cytometers are characterised by increasing volume and complexity. For example a single specimen may give rise to a data set of about 1 million rows. However, analysis of these data is usually performed using user-interactive software which makes it time consuming and highly affected by operator experience. The main tasks involved in flow cytometry data analysis include visualization of scatter plots and extraction and summarization of cell sub-populations. In an attempt to solve the problems associated with the user-interactive methods, various software developments have recently emerged. In this project statistical methods are implemented in R and Bioconductor to automate the analysis of flow cytometry data collected from a HIV research study. The results are compared with those obtained by an expert analysing the same data using the traditional methods. The R functions developed are applied to an analysis of specimens taken from a HIV-infected infant at birth and at 3 months of age and changes in cell populations are described. The R code developed would be useful for laboratory scientists for automating some of the steps in the analysis of flow cytometry data, thereby offering significant savings in time and more reproducible results.
Analysis of DNA relaxation and cleavage activities of recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA topoisomerase I from a new expression and purification protocol (2009)

Recombinant M. tuberculosis DNA topoisomerase I can be expressed as a soluble protein and purified in high yield from E. coli host with a new protocol. Analysis of DNA cleavage with M. tuberculosis DNA substrate showed that the preferred DNA cleavage sites have a C nucleotide in the -4 position.
A Versatile Ruthenium Catalyst for CC Bond Formation by CH Bond Activation (2006)

Easily modified: the electronic and steric properties of a ruthenium catalyst highly active for CH bond activation (see scheme) can be modified by fine-tuning the ligand. This makes this catalytic system very versatile as it allows functionalization of a variety of substrates. The catalyst is generated in situ from a stable and easily available ruthenium(II) source.
Ovulation prediction and detection. (1982)

The development of a single technique for the accurate prediction and determination of ovulation has not yet occurred. A technique which enables one to predict ovulation and signals the end of the ovum's lifespan would be of great assistance to those practicing periodic abstinence or those only using contraception during the period of potential fertility. The only positive confirmation of ovulation comes through the detection of a pregnancy or by identifying the ovum in the female reproductive tract. There are 3 methods which, up to now, have been used to estimate the time of ovulation and probable fertile period: 1) biological, 2) biochemical, and 3) biophysical. However, 3 methods have been developed and used as reference procedures for the evaluation of simpler techniques. 1) Ultrasonography provides good presumptive but not definitive evidence that ovulation has occurred. Results indicate that it is possible to determine the time limits during which ovulation occurs about 85% of spontaneous or induced ovarian cycles. 2) An increase in the amplitude of the pulses of luteinizing hormone (LH) released from the pituitary is a prerequisite of ovulation. 3) Urinary LH levels determined from early morning specimens indicate that ovulation occurred 20-44 hours after a defined rise in urinary LH concentration. A rise or peak in plasma or urinary LH may be used as a reference point for oogenesis, luteinization, and dividing the cycle into phases. In order to recover mature oocytes, it is necessary to predict ovulation within 3 or 4 hours; changes in LH level have been used for this purpose. Attempts are now being made to improve existing methods and develop new ways to pinpoint the fertile period. At present, there are 4 useful indices of the 1st fertile day in each menstrual cycle: 1) the shortest of the last 6 menstrual cycles minus 18; 2) the 1st day of cervical mucus detectable at the lips of the vulva; 3) the day of defined rise in estrone-3-glucuronide (E1-3-G) concentration; and 4) the day of a defined rise in the ratio of E1-3-G/Pd-3alpha-G. There are also indices for the last fertile day in a cycle.
Micropatterning Electrospun Scaffolds to Create Intrinsic Vascular Networks (2014)

Sufficient vascularization is critical to sustaining viable tissue-engineered (TE) constructs after implantation. Despite significant progress, current approaches lack suturability, porosity, and biodegradability, which hinders rapid perfusion and remodeling in vivo. Consequently, TE vascular networks capable of direct anastomosis to host vasculature and immediate perfusion upon implantation still remain elusive. Here, a hybrid fabrication method is presented for micropatterning fibrous scaffolds that are suturable, porous, and biodegradable. Fused deposition modeling offers an inexpensive and automated approach to creating sacrificial templates with vascular-like branching. By electrospinning around these poly(vinyl alcohol) templates and dissolving them in water, microvascular patterns were transferred to fibrous scaffolds. Results indicated that these scaffolds have sufficient suture retention strength to permit direct anastomosis in future studies. Vascularization of these scaffolds is demonstrated by in vitro endothelialization and perfusion.
Physicochemical aspects of the leaching of molybdenum from cobalt-molybdenum/.gamma.-alumina hydrodesulfurization catalyst waste using DMSO-sulfur dioxide mixed solvent (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhysicochemical aspects of the leaching of molybdenum from cobalt-molybdenum/.gamma.-alumina hydrodesulfurization catalyst waste using DMSO-sulfur dioxide mixed solventPrafulla R. Raisoni and Sharad G. DixitCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1990, 29, 1, 14–21Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00097a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00097a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views101Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts