gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Subcarrier weighting: a method for sidelobe suppression in OFDM systems (2006)

In this letter, a method for sidelobe suppression in OFDM systems is proposed and investigated. The proposed method is based on the multiplication of the used subcarriers with subcarrier weights. The subcarrier weights are determined in such a way that the sidelobes of the transmission signal are minimized according to an optimization algorithm which allows several optimization constraints. As a result, sidelobe suppression by subcarrier weighting reduces OFDM sidelobes by more than 10 dB in the average without requiring the transmission of any side information
Lithium/Molybdenum Oxysulfide Secondary Batteries (1989)

The authors have discovered that amorphous molybdenum oxysulfides are useful as cathode materials for ambient temperature rechargeable Li batteries. Two molybdenum oxysulfides, MoOS/sub 2/ and MoO/sub 2/S, were prepared, characterized by physical and chemical means, and evaluated as Li battery cathodes. Laboratory test cells containing either MoOS/sub 2/ or MoO/sub 2/S delivered more than 100 deep discharge/charge cycles. While there is significant current effort in the development of Li/TiS/sub 2/ and Li/MoS/sub 2/ secondary cells, the search for positive electrode materials with higher specific energies has continued. In this regard, molybdenum chalcogenides have received a great deal of attention. They include the Chevrel phases of general formula M/sub y/Mo/sub 6/X/sub 8/ (M = metallic element, X = chalcogen), amorphous MoS/sub 3/, Mo/sub 2/S/sub 5/ and MoSe/sub 3/S. This investigation represents an extention of the search for improved secondary Li battery cathode materials to a hitherto unexplored class of Mo compounds, namely molybdenum oxysulfides.
Fractile arrays: a new class of broadband tiled arrays with fractal boundaries (2004)

A class of antenna arrays are introduced, which we call fractile arrays. A fractile array is defined as any array with a fractal boundary contour that tiles the plane without gaps or overlaps. It is shown that the unique geometrical features of fractiles may be exploited in order to make available a family of deterministic arrays that offer several highly desirable performance advantages over their conventional periodic planar array counterparts. Most notably, fractile arrays have no grating lobes even when the minimum spacing between elements is increased to at least one-wavelength. This has led to the development of a new design methodology for modular broadband arrays that is based on fractal tilings. Several examples of fractile arrays are considered including Peano-Gosper, terdragon, six-terdragon, and fudgeflake arrays. Efficient iterative procedures for calculating the radiation patterns of these fractile arrays to arbitrary stage of growth P are also introduced.
NEW ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN OF A TEMPERATURE-ROBUST MEMS GYROSCOPE WITH IMPROVED GAIN-BANDWIDTH CHARACTERISTICS (2008)

This paper reports a new MEMS vibratory rate gyroscope designed with increased robustness to fabrication imperfections and variations in environmental conditions. The distinct feature of the design is the increased response gain. The proposed architecture utilizes a single degree-of-freedom (DOF) drive-mode and a fully coupled 2-DOF sense-mode. The drive-mode operational frequency and the sense-mode bandwidth can be set independently, relaxing the tradeoff between the gain, die size, and detection capacitance, inherent to the previously reported robust gyroscopes with dynamic vibration absorber (DVA) architecture of the 2-DOF sense-mode. Prototypes with 2.5 kHz operational frequency were characterized in air and demonstrated sense-mode 3 dB bandwidth of 250 Hz. The uncompensated temperature coefficients of bias and scale factor were 313 /h/C and 351 ppm/C, respectively. Using off-chip detection electronics, the rate sensitivity was 56 V//s, ARW -0.09 /s/ Hz, bias instability -0.08 /s, and ARRW -0.03 /s Hz.
Laser assisted nitriding of nickel–chromium-based superalloy surface: Heating and diffusion analysis (2015)

Inconel 718 is a nickel–chromium-based superalloy, and it is widely used in power industry because of its resistance to high-temperature environments. Treatment of the alloy becomes essential to prevent niobium segregation at the surface. Laser controlled melting and gas assisted nitriding is one of the methods to minimize changes in the elemental composition of the alloy surface. In general, high pressure nitrogen assisting gas is used coaxially with the laser beam to form a nitride layer and avoiding high-temperature exothermic oxidation reactions in the laser-irradiated region. The present study is carried out to model and simulate sequentially coupled thermal-diffusion process during laser assisted surface nitriding of nickel–chromium-based superalloy in line with experimental conditions. High pressure nitrogen gas jet is considered to impinge onto a workpiece surface coaxially with the laser beam during the treatment process. Finite element model is incorporated to predict the nitrogen concentration and temperature in the laser treated layer. It is found that the predictions of surface temperature and nitriding are found to be in close agreement with the experimental data. The study is extended to include the effect of laser intensity on the nitriding behavior.
Demonstration of Fluidic Throat Skewing for Thrust Vectoring in Structurally Fixed Nozzles (2000)

The experimental demonstration of a fluidic, multi-axis thrust vectoring (MATV) scheme is presented for a structurally fixed, afterburning nozzle referred to as the conformal fluidic nozzle (CFN). This concept for jet flow control features symmetric injection around the nozzle throat to provide throttling for jet area control, and asymmetric injection to subsonically skew the sonic plane for jet vectoring. The conceptual development of the CFN was presented in a companion paper (Miller et al., 1999). In that study, critical design variables were shown to be the flap length and expansion area ratio of the nozzle, and the location, angle, and distribution of injected flow. Measures of merit were vectoring capability, gross thrust coefficient, and discharge coefficient. A demonstration of MATV was conducted on a 20%-scale CFN test article across a range of nozzle pressure ratios (NPR), injector flow rates, and flow distributions. Both yaw and pitch vector angles of greater than 8° were obtained at NPR of 5.5. Yaw vector angles greater than 10° were achieved at lower NPR. Values of thrust-coefficient for the CFN generally exceeded published measurements of shock-based, vectoring methods. In terms of vectoring effectiveness (ratio of vector angle to percent injected flow), fluidic throat skewing was found to be comparable to shock-based vectoring methods.
Targeted genomic analysis of Müllerian adenosarcoma (2014)

Müllerian adenosarcoma (MA) is a rare mixed mesenchymal tumour of the female genital tract, composed of malignant stroma and benign-appearing epithelium. Sarcomatous overgrowth (SO) is the only established histological variable associated with higher stage and shorter survival. Specific molecular or immunohistochemistry (IHC) tools for the diagnosis of MA are lacking. Our goal was to study genomic mutations and copy number variations (CNVs) in MA to understand better its pathobiology, and develop specific diagnostic and prognostic tools. DNA was extracted from 20 samples of MA from 18 subjects (12 without SO and 6 with SO), including two in which areas of both typical MA histology and SO were independently tested. Samples were analysed using a targeted next-generation sequencing assay interrogating exonic sequences of 275 cancer genes for mutations and CNVs as well as 91 introns across 30 genes for cancer-associated rearrangements. The mean number of mutations in MA with SO (mean 9.7; range 3-14) did not differ significantly from that in MA without SO (mean 9.6; range 5-16). MA with SO had significantly higher mean numbers of gene-level CNVs (24.6) compared to MA without SO (5; p = 0.0002). The most frequent amplification involved MDM2 and CDK4 (5/18; 28%), accompanied by focal CDK4 and MDM2 and diffuse HMGA2 expression using immunohistochemistry. MYBL1 amplification was seen in 4/18 (22%), predominantly in SO. Alterations in PIK3CA/AKT/PTEN pathway members were seen in 13/18 (72%). Notably, TP53 mutations were uncommon, present in only two cases with SO. Three out of 18 (17%) had mutations in ATRX, all associated with SO. No chromosomal rearrangements were identified. We have identified a number of recurrent genomic alterations in MA, including some associated with SO. Although further investigation of these findings is needed, confirmation of one or more may lead to new mechanistic insights and novel markers for this often difficult-to-diagnose tumour.
Lithographically patterned nanowire electrodeposition (2008)

Abstract Lithographically Patterned Nanowire Electrodeposition (LPNE) is a new nanofabrication technique in which photolithography is used to define the position of electrodeposited nanowires on the surface of a dielectric such as glass or oxidized silicon. In LPNE, a resist‐covered nickel film with a thickness of beween 6 and 100 nm is photopatterned. After development of the resist, the exposed nickel is dissolved in nitric acid under conditions that produce an “undercut” at the resist edges. This undercut functions as a horizontal trench into which metals (e.g., Au, Pt, Pd) can be electrodeposited using the exposed nickel edge present within this trench. As this trench is filled during electrodeposition, a nanowire with a precisely defined height and width is formed along the entire perimeter of the photoresist. LPNE nanowires can have minimum dimensions of 6 nm (h) x 20 nm (w) and lengths of more than 1 cm. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
THERMO-REVERSIBLE RECORDING MEDIA (1994)

We have developed a medium using the thermosensitive recording layer, which consists of polyvinyl acetal and higher fatty acid. It has distinctive thermo-reversible characteristics, and is able to take two states, a transparent state and an opaque state, reversibly at room temperature through the difference in cooling rates after heating. Thermo-reversible mechanism of the media is responsible for miscibility and immiscibility for this blend system. After 100 cycles of printing by a thermal head and erasing by a heat roller, no deterioration of either transparent states or opaque states is observed.
Physical and chemical coal cleaning (1981)

Coal is cleaned industrially by freeing the occluded mineral impurities and physically separating the coal and refuse particles on the basis of differences in density, settling characteristics, or surface properties. While physical methods are very effective and low in cost when applied to the separation of coarse particles, they are much less effective when applied to the separation of fine particles. Also they can not be used to remove impurities which are bound chemically to the coal. These deficiencies may be overcome in the future by chemical cleaning. Most of the chemical cleaning methods under development are designed primarily to remove sulfur from coal, but several methods also remove various trace elements and ash‐forming minerals. Generally these methods will remove most of the sulfur associated with inorganic minerals, but only a few of the methods seem to remove organically bound sulfur. A number of the methods employ oxidizing agents as air, oxygen, chlorine, nitrogen dioxide, or a ferric salt to oxidize the sulfur compounds to soluble sulfates which are then extracted with water. The sulfur in coal may also be solubilized by treatment with caustic. Also sulfur can be removed by reaction with hydrogen at high temperature. Furthermore, it is possible to transform the sulfur bearing minerals in coal to materials which are easily removed by magnetic separation.
Judgement of Color Difference on Fabric (1994)

Color discriminate region of woven fabrics is studied through the perceived color difference of experts employed in color inspection. The correlation coefficient between perceived color difference (ΔEp) by experts and colorimetric ones (ΔE∗ab) was very high.Color discriminate region which experts had a long term experience on the color differences is established in a smaller one than MacAdam's just noticeable difference (jnd) given by light source.And an approximate ellipse which correspond to MacAdam's ellipse plotted in a∗ b∗ diagram can make use of the judgement of color differences.
Disruption of hydrogen bonding between plant cell wall polymers by proteins that induce wall extension. (1994)

Plant cell enlargement is controlled by the ability of the constraining cell wall to expand. This ability has been postulated to be under the control of polysaccharide hydrolases or transferases that weaken or rearrange the loadbearing polymeric networks in the wall. We recently identified a family of wall proteins, called expansins, that catalyze the extension of isolated plant cell walls. Here we report that these proteins mechanically weaken pure cellulose paper in extension assays and stress relaxation assays, without detectable cellulase activity (exo- or endo- type). Because paper derives its mechanical strength from hydrogen bonding between cellulose microfibrils, we conclude that expansins can disrupt hydrogen bonding between cellulose fibers. This conclusion is further supported by experiments in which expansin-mediated wall extension (i) was increased by 2 M urea (which should weaken hydrogen bonding between wall polymers) and (ii) was decreased by replacement of water with deuterated water, which has a stronger hydrogen bond. The temperature sensitivity of expansin-mediated wall extension suggests that units of 3 or 4 hydrogen bonds are broken by the action of expansins. In the growing cell wall, expansin action is likely to catalyze slippage between cellulose microfibrils and the polysaccharide matrix, and thereby catalyze wall stress relaxation, followed by wall surface expansion and plant cell enlargement.
Fast robust eye-safe large working distance non-contact technology for ex-situ and in-situ stress, topography, wafer thickness, internal layer thickness metrology for semiconductor, MEMS, and precision manufacturing (2021)

I describe a novel apparatus for measurement of thickness and topography of slabs of materials employing probes with filters using polarization maintaining fibers.
The role of direct feedback in improving hand hygiene technique (2015)

Electronic equipment helps to improve hygiene-related behavior giving instant feedback concerning the quality of hand hygiene performance.
Hydrothermal Growth: Polymer‐Templated Hydrothermal Growth of Vertically Aligned Single‐Crystal ZnO Nanorods and Morphological Transformations Using Structural Polarity (Adv. Funct. Mater. 18/2010) (2010)

Abstract Position‐configurable, vertical, single‐crystalline ZnO nanorod arrays are fabricated via a polymer‐templated hydrothermal growth method at a low temperature of 93 °C. A sol‐gel processed dense c ‐oriented ZnO seed layer film is employed to grow nanorods along the c ‐axis direction [0001] regardless of any substrate crystal mismatches. Here, one‐beam laser‐interference lithography is utilized to fabricate nanoscale holes over an entire 2‐in. wafer during the preparation of the polymer template. As such, vertically aligned ZnO nanorods can be grown from the seed layer exposed at the bottom of each hole. Furthermore, morphological transformations of the ZnO nanorods into pencil‐like, needle‐like, tubular, tree‐like, and spherical shapes are obtained by controlling the growth conditions and utilizing the structural polarity of the ZnO nanorods.
Performance Characteristics of a Hall Accelerator with Preionization Discharge (HAPID) (1985)

A high energy low current CW Hall accelerator with preionization discharge (HAPID) has been developed, and has shown excellent performance characteristics. The purpose of developing the HAPID is to produce beam plasma having energy spectrum similar to the exhaust plasma from the future tandem mirror reactors. So far we have achieved more than 1 A (drain current) hydrogen beam plasma of up to 20 keV for 10 seconds with more than 40 % power efficiencies and beam half-angles of less than 6 degrees. Also good reproducibility and stable discharge initiation were obtained without exhausting filaments when the preionization in the anode region was on. Extracted beam showed three peaks in energy distribution.
Stabilization of Metal Nanoparticle Catalysts via Encapsulation in Mesoporous Zeolites by Steam-Assisted Recrystallization (2019)

Zeolite encapsulated metal nanoparticle catalysts hold great promise for several green and sustainable processes, ranging from environmental remediation to renewable energy and biomass conversion. In particular, the microporous zeolite framework keeps the nanoparticles in a firm grip that can control selectivity and prevent sintering at high temperatures. While progress in the synthesis of mesoporous zeolites continues, the encapsulation of metal nanoparticles remains a challenge that often requires complex procedures and expensive additives. Here, we report a general method to encapsulate both base and noble metal nanoparticles inside the internal voids of a compartmentalized mesoporous zeolite prepared by carbon templating and steam-assisted recrystallization. This results in a remarkable shell-like morphology that facilitates the formation of small metal nanoparticles upon simple impregnation and reduction. When the materials are applied in catalysis, we for instance demonstrate that zeolite encapsulated Ni nanoparticles are highly active, selective, and stable catalysts for CO2 methanation (49% conversion with 93% selectivity at 450 °C)—a reaction where catalysts often suffer from sintering due to the high reaction temperatures. While the introduction of Ni nanoparticles prior to the steam-assisted recrystallization results in the formation of inactive nickel phyllosilicates, noble metals such as Pt do not suffer from this limitation. Therefore, we also demonstrate the synthesis of an active catalyst prepared by the formation of Pt nanoparticles prior to the shell synthesis. We tested the zeolite encapsulated Pt nanoparticles for hydrogenation of linear and cyclic alkenes with increased chain length. The catalysts are active for hydrogenation of oct-1-ene (66% conversion) and cyclooctene (79% conversion) but inactive for the large cyclododecane (<1% conversion), which show that this type of catalyst is highly selective in size selective catalysis. All catalysts are characterized by XRD, TEM, XPS, and N2 physisorption.
Overexpression of purple acid phosphatase GmPAP2.1 confers resistance to Soybean mosaic virus in a susceptible soybean cultivar (2021)

A purple acid phosphatase, GmPAP2.1, from the soybean (Glycine max) cultivar L29 may function as a resistance factor acting against specific strains of Soybean mosaic virus (SMV). In this study, we found that overexpression of GmPAP2.1 from L29 conferred SMV resistance to a susceptible cultivar, Lee 74. We determined that GmPAP2.1 interacted with the SMV protein P1 in the chloroplasts, resulting in the up-regulation of the ICS1 gene, which in turn promoted the pathogen-induced salicylic acid (SA) pathway. SA accumulation was elevated in response to the co-expression of GmPAP2.1 and SMV, while transient knockdown of endogenous SA-related genes resulted in systemic infection by SMV strain G5H, suggesting that GmPAP2.1-derived resistance depended on the SA-pathway for the activation of a defense response. Our findings thus suggest that GmPAP2.1 purple acid phosphatase of soybean cultivar L29 functions as an SA-pathway-dependent resistance factor acting against SMV.
Protein Nanocapsule Weaved with Enzymatically Degradable Polymeric Network (2009)

Target proteins can be functionally encapsulated using a cocoon-like polymeric nanocapsule formed by interfacial polymerization. The nanocapsule is cross-linked by peptides that can be proteolyzed by proteases upon which the protein cargo is released. The protease-mediated degradation process can be controlled in a spatiotemporal fashion through modification of the peptide cross-linker with photolabile moieties. We demonstrate the utility of this approach through the cytoplasmic delivery of the apoptosis inducing caspase-3 to cancer cells.
Hybrid peptidomimetics for the use in neuropathicpain (2018)

The invention pertains to novel hybrid peptidomimetics, pharmaceutical composition comprising thereof and use thereof in the treatment of neuropathic pain. The hybrid peptidomimetics according to the invention are comprised of two components: an opioid receptor agonist (OP) and a MC4 receptor antagonist, connected by a linker. The compounds of such a structure will allow to activate opioid receptors with simultaneous blocking of melanocortin type 4 receptors (MC4), which results in enhancing efficiency of the opioid therapy in neuropathic pain.
High resolution fast stereotactic PET imager for prostate biopsy (2011)

We are developing a dedicated high resolution (sub-mm), high efficiency, and very fast (with live reconstruction) prostate PET imager composed of an endorectal PET probe and two PET panel modules placed close to the patient on the opposite side of the prostate, and operating in coincidence with the probe. The immediate live image feedback will be primarily useful in biopsy guidance. PET images will be co-registered with the images from the Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS) probe that will provide the usual structural 2D or 3D information, while the PET imager will provide the metabolic information related to the biological state of the prostate. We are reporting on preliminary data acquired with the prototype imager. The major highlight is that we are achieving ~1mm FWHM DOI resolution with the PET probe, using new monolithic MPPC arrays from Hamamatsu. But even with a non-DOI probe, we obtained good performance in this limited angle tomography problem.
Acceldroid: Co-designed acceleration of Android bytecode (2013)

A hardware/software co-designed processor transparently supports a ubiquitous ISA (e.g. ×86) with diversified and innovative microarchitectural implementations. It leverages co-designed HW features and dynamic binary translation (DBT) SW to morph existing binary programs to scale performance and save power. On such systems, the portable bytecode of modern dynamic languages (e.g. Java, JavaScript, etc.) is first translated into the code in the architecture ISA by the just-in-time (JIT) compilation in the bytecode virtual machine, and then into the code in the internal implementation ISA by the DBT. This not only incurs the translation overheads twice, but also brings significant emulation inefficiency as the DBT does not have the high level bytecode information. In this paper, we present AccelDroid, which accelerates the Android Dalvik bytecode execution on the HW/SW co-designed processor through direct bytecode translation in the DBT. Our experiments on a HW/SW co-designed Transmeta Efficeon machine show that AccelDroid can improve performance by 78% and save energy by 40% for the CaffeineMark 3.0 benchmark suite.