gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Outcomes of Emergency Liver Transplantation for Acute Liver Failure (2009)

Acute liver failure continues to be associated with a high mortality rate, and emergency liver transplantation is often the only life-saving treatment. The short-term outcomes are decidedly worse in comparison with those for nonurgent cases, whereas the long-term results have not been reported as extensively. We report our center's experience with urgent liver transplantation, long-term survival, and major complications. From 1994 to 2007, 60 patients had emergency liver transplantation for acute liver failure. The waiting list mortality rate was 6%. The mean waiting time was 2.7 days. Post-transplantation, the perioperative mortality rate was 15%, and complications included neurological problems (13%), biliary problems (10%), and hepatic artery thrombosis (5%). The 5- and 10-year patient survival rates were 76% and 69%, respectively, and the graft survival rates were 65% and 59%. Recipients of blood group-incompatible grafts had an 83% retransplantation rate. Univariate analysis by Cox regression analysis found that cerebral edema and extended criteria donor grafts were associated with worse long-term survival. Severe cerebral edema on a computed tomography scan pre-transplant was associated with either early mortality or permanent neurological deficits. The keys to long-term success and continued progress in urgent liver transplantation are the use of good-quality whole grafts and a short waiting list time, both of which depend on access to a sufficient pool of organ donors. Severe preoperative cerebral edema should be a relative contraindication to transplantation.
Über das kasuistische Potential des Films "Die Klasse" (2008) von Laurent Cantet (2020)

Der Essay arbeitet das kasuistische Potential des Films "Die Klasse" (2008) von Laurent Cantet für die kasuistische Lehrer*innenbildung heraus. Dies erfolgt in drei Schritten. Nach einer Erörterung der filmischen Besonderheiten zeigt der Essay auf, wie die deutschsprachige Synchronfassung des Films in der wissenschaftlichen Literatur diskutiert wurde. Anschließend wird der Plot des Films erzählt und kodiert. So wird sichtbar, dass der Film mehr als 80 erziehungswissenschaftlich relevante Phänomene berührt. Im letzten Schritt zeigt der Essay mit sequenzanalytischen Rekonstruktionen zweier Filmszenen auf, dass an diesen Filmszenen Tiefenstrukturen des Schulischen rekonstruiert und für kasuistische Zwecke nutzbar gemacht werden können.
High-gain broad-band cavity-backed slot antenna for WLAN applications (2008)

A Novel cavity-backed slot antenna with high gain and broad-band is presented. A metal superstrate with a window is placed above the substrate to attain high-gain characteristics. Simulation and measurement results show that the proposed antenna achieves a high gain (≫10dB) within the bandwidth from 2.30GHz to 2.50GHz, and −10dB return loss with a bandwidth of 200 MHz in the 2.40 GHz frequency band, while it still retains the broadband impedance characteristics.
CLASS—GASTEROPODA (2014)

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Endoscopic Microscopy (2002)

In vivo endoscopic optical microscopy provides a tool to assess tissue architecture and morphology with contrast and resolution similar to that provided by standard histopathology--without need for physical tissue removal. In this article, we focus on optical imaging technologies that have the potential to dramatically improve the detection, prevention, and therapy of epithelial cancers. Epithelial pre-cancers and cancers are associated with a variety of morphologic, architectural, and molecular changes, which currently can be assessed only through invasive, painful biopsy. Optical imaging is ideally suited to detecting cancer-related alterations because it can detect biochemical and morphologic alterations with sub-cellular resolution throughout the entire epithelial thickness. Optical techniques can be implemented non-invasively, in real time, and at low cost to survey the tissue surface at risk. Our manuscript focuses primarily on modalities that currently are the most developed: reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). However, recent advances in fluorescence-based endoscopic microscopy also are reviewed briefly. We discuss the basic principles of these emerging technologies and their current and potential applications in early cancer detection. We also present research activities focused on development of exogenous contrast agents that can enhance the morphological features important for cancer detection and that have the potential to allow vital molecular imaging of cancer-related biomarkers. In conclusion, we discuss future improvements to the technology needed to develop robust clinical devices.
Long-Term Care (1988)

Journal Article Long-Term Care Get access Long Term Health Care: Providing a Spectrum of Services to the Aged, by Philip W. Brickner, Anthony J. Lechich, Roberta Lipsman, and Linda K. Scharer. Basic Books, New York, NY, 400 pp., 1987, $29.95 (cloth). Peter Kemper Peter Kemper Senior Fellow National Center for Health Services ResearchRockville, MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Gerontologist, Volume 28, Issue 6, December 1988, Pages 848–849, https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/28.6.848a Published: 01 December 1988
Air-coupled ultrasonic tomographic imaging of high-temperature flames (2003)

This paper illustrates the use of air-coupled ultrasonic tomography for the measurement of a high-temperature flame from a natural gas burner, using capacitive ultrasonic transducers in through transmission. This uses a transducer pair, which is scanned in two-dimensional sections at several angles to the jet axis. Travel-time data then is recorded along various paths in counter-propagating directions. By processing the data obtained from propagation times, images have been formed of variations in temperature within the flame, using the tomographic reconstruction approach.
Primary gastrointestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A clinical analysis of 76 patients with special application of International Prognostic Index for survival (2007)

Background : Primary gastrointestinal lymphoma is one of the most common extranodal lymphomas. The purpose of this study was to collect information on the clinical features and treatment of patients with primary gastrointestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) at a single healthcare facility in Korea. Methods : Between May 1998 and December 2003, 76 primary gastrointestinal DLBCL patients at Asan Medical Center were identified and evaluated. Results : Male patients accounted for 40 cases. The median age was 53 years. A total of 38 patients had primary gastric DLBCL. With a median follow-up of 25 months, the five year overall survival (OS) rate was 61.4% and the five year event free survival (EFS) rate was 59.3%. B symptoms, performance status, LDH levels and involved sites did not affect survival. Twenty-seven patients who underwent primary surgical resection did not demonstrate a difference in survival when compared to patients who did not undergo surgery. However, for intestinal lymphoma, primary surgical resection had a significant influence on EFS (p=0.030). Age (p=0.038), sex (p=0.017), stage (p=0.048), and the number of extranodal sites (p=0.002) were significant factors for EFS. The three year EFS rate for each International Prognostic Index (IPI) risk group was as follows: 78.4% for low risk, 63.7% for low-intermediate risk, 30.0% for high-intermediate risk and 0% for high risk (p=0.002). Cox multivariate analysis revealed that the IPI was the only independent prognostic factor for EFS (p=0.002). Conclusions : Here we report on the unique pattern of clinical features of primary gastrointestinal DLBCL from a single healthcare center in Korea. The IPI system had prognostic value for primary gastrointestinal DLBCL.
IN services for converged (Internet) telephony (2000)

Given the convergence of the PSTN and IP-based networks, it would be advantageous to transparently support access to the existing installed base of intelligent network services from packet endpoints, while simultaneously providing newer, more advanced services to said endpoints from within the IN infrastructure. In this article we describe the INSeCT (IN Services for Converged [Internet] Telephony) prototype, aimed at achieving these very goals in networks using H.323. It presents background material on VoIP and IN, then focuses on the prototype implementation.
Age-related memory deficits linked to circuit-specific disruptions in the hippocampus (2011)

Converging data from rodents and humans have demonstrated an age-related decline in pattern separation abilities (the ability to discriminate among similar experiences). Several studies have proposed the dentate and CA3 subfields of the hippocampus as the potential locus of this change. Specifically, these studies identified rigidity in place cell remapping in similar environments in the CA3. We used high-resolution fMRI to examine activity profiles in the dentate gyrus and CA3 in young and older adults as stimulus similarity was incrementally varied. We report evidence for "representational rigidity" in older adults' dentate/CA3 that is linked to behavioral discrimination deficits. Using ultrahigh-resolution diffusion imaging, we quantified both the integrity of the perforant path as well as dentate/CA3 dendritic changes and found that both were correlated with dentate/CA3 functional rigidity. These results highlight structural and functional alterations in the hippocampal network that predict age-related changes in memory function and present potential targets for intervention.
Reproducibility of erythrocyte polyamine measurements and correlation with plasma micronutrients in an antioxidant vitamin intervention study (1996)

Erythrocyte polyamine measurements have been previously investigated as candidate biomarkers for hyperproliferation and recently as a potential intermediate endpoint in clinical chemoprevention trials with difluoromethylornithine, an inhibitor of polyamine biosynthesis. This study was performed to determine the reproducibility of erythrocyte polyamine measurements and their possible correlation with plasma micronutrients in seven healthy adults in an antioxidant vitamin intervention study. As part of this cross-over intervention study, three subjects took beta-carotene (31.4 mg/day) plus D-alpha-tocopherol acetate (720 IU/day) supplements during the first 3 months and four subjects took the supplements during the second 3 months. Heparinized blood samples were collected at baseline and every month over total 6 months for simultaneous determination of erythrocyte polyamines and plasma micronutrients by the high-performance liquid chromatographic method. For all the measures of erythrocyte polyamines the intraindividual variation was smaller than that between subjects, and three or four measurements required to accurately characterize long-term erythrocyte polyamines for an individual. The intra-class correlations were moderately high for all erythrocyte polyamine measurements, indicating a good reproducibility for intra-individual erythrocyte polyamine measurements. Based on monthly values, significant inverse correlations were found between erythrocyte spermidine and the plasma levels of retinol (r = -0.50) and lutein (r = -0.52). There were also significant inverse associations between erythrocyte spermine and plasma levels of alpha-tocopherol (r = -0.29), lutein (r = -0.44), lycopene (r = -0.29), beta-cryptoxanthin (r = -0.30), and total carotenoids (r = -0.29). The effects of supplementation upon the associations between erythrocyte polyamines and plasma nutrient levels were additionally addressed. The results indicate an acceptable longitudinal reproducibility of erythrocyte polyamine measurements, support the hypothesis that erythrocyte polyamine measurements may be correlated with plasma levels of certain nutrients, and suggest a further biomarker application in cancer prevention trials involving dietary modifications or specific relevant micronutrients.
Packaging Cell Line Characteristics and Optimising Retroviral Vector Titer: The National Gene Vector Laboratory Experience (2000)

During the production of clinical-grade retroviral vector supernatant, we noted significant differences in the lactate production and glucose consumption of various producer cell lines submitted to the National Gene Vector Laboratory (NGVL). Since differences in growth characteristics could be important in determining the optimal culture conditions for maximizing titer, we studied the growth characteristics of three commonly used packaging cell lines: PA317, PG13 and GP+envAM12. A transformed phenotype, assessed by the ability to form colonies in semisolid media, was evident in all three packaging cell lines tested. In confluent cultures, the rates of glucose consumption and lactate production (per cell per hour) were similar for the three lines tested, but the growth rate and culture density varied. PA317 and PG13 continued to expand after reaching confluence, resulting in higher cell densities and subsequent rapid depletion of glucose within the 24-hr observation period. When the cell lines were evaluated for titer optimization, the slower growing packaging cell line GP+envAM12 generally provided the highest titer after 8 hr of culture in confluent roller bottles, while most vectors introduced into PA317 and PG13 cells yielded optimal titers after 24 hr of culture. We also found that the improved titers obtained by culturing cells at 32 degrees C previously reported for PA317 cells do not apply to other packaging cell lines. In particular, PG13 rapidly lost titer when grown at the lower temperature. Our findings suggest that optimization of titer requires careful consideration of the culture conditions, which should be individualized for the vector producer cell line.
Solubilisation of gold by <i>Cuhromobacterium violaceum</i> (1985)

Abstract Chromobacterium violaceum , a cyanogenic bacterium, has been shown to solubilise up to 215 parts × 10 −6 gold from 1000 parts × 10 −6 of the pure metal after 40 days incubation in nutrient medium. Cyanide is produced during the growth and stationary phase of culture and the solubilised gold species has been shown to be the complex anion [Au(CN) 2 ] − .
An Adaptive Deblocking Filter for ROI-Based Scalable Video Coding (2007)

The Region-of-interest (ROI) based video coding within Scalable Video Coding (SVC) can be implemented by making use of Type 2 Flexible Macroblock Ordering (FMO), which marks independent rectangle regions/slices inside a frame by their top-left and bottom-right coordinates. By employing the proposed scheme, a displaying frame can be separated into several independent regions that are assigned with different Signal-Noise-Ratio (SNR), Spatial and Temporal quality. The scheme can be used to ensure the achievement of high sub-jecitve quality or to fulfill some special functionalities. Owning to the fact that the frame is separated into independent regions, and the regions are assigned with big quality differences, false edge (blockiness) may appear around the ROI boundaries, which cannot be automatically removed by the in-loop filters. The annoyance of such artifact depends on the local visual context, thus a new adaptive deblocking filter is proposed in this paper. The filter includes two steps: first, the complexity of the blocks around ROI boundaries is measured; and different filtering modes and smoothing abilities are then selected accordingly to reduce the annoyance of the blockiness. Experimental results showed that coding quality is improved by the proposed filter in low bitrate Coarse Granular Scalability (CESB) video.
Syndecan in carcinomas produced from transformed epithelial cells in nude mice. (1992)

Expression of syndecan, a cell surface proteoglycan, was studied in carcinomas induced by implanting chemically transformed keratinocytes and mammary epithelial cells into nude mice. By immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, syndecan was localized in keratinizing cells within moderate- to well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas in a pattern resembling that of normal epidermis, whereas almost total loss of expression was detected in poorly-differentiated areas within these tumors. In anaplastic spindle cell carcinomas, syndecan expression was barely detectable. In biphasic tumors, induced by mammary epithelial cells, and consisting of cysts overlaying an adenocarcinoma, syndecan was unquely localized to differentiated epithelial structures such as secretory epithelial lining of the cysts as well as aberrant glands and ducts within the carcinoma. Based on the expression pattern of syndecan in the tumors studied, we conclude that the expression of this developmentally regulated molecule is associated with epithelial differentiation also during neoplastic growth.
Proposal of tendon-driven elastic telescopic arm and initial bending experiment (2017)

It is desirable to have an arm with a thin and long structure in order to observe a wide area through a narrow space for the survey at the disaster site. In addition, if the arm is lightweight and compact, there are fewer restrictions on the installation location, which leads to an improvement in the observation range. The telescopic structure has a high extension-to-contraction ratio and is a suitable structure to attain the aforementioned requirements. However, conventional telescopic arms can not avoid obstacles on the axis of extension because of high rigidity, so it is restricted to use in an open environment. In this paper, we propose an arm that controls the tip position by bending the structure with a wire by constructing a small diameter arm with a telescopic elastic body. We also examined the technical elements necessary to realize the proposed method and demonstrated the validity. It is difficult to bend in multiple directions or the whole structure by winding the wire only attached to the structure tip. Therefore, we devised a wire driving method in which bending moments are distributed as much as possible on the base side by arranging pulleys in multiple positions, and confirmed the desired motion through experiments.
A high-performance, low-overhead microarchitecture for secure program execution (2012)

High performance and low power consumption have traditionally been the primary design goals for computer architects. With computer systems facing a wave of attacks that disrupt their normal execution or leak sensitive data, computer security is no longer an afterthought. Dynamic integrity checking has emerged as a possible solution to protect computer systems by thwarting various attacks. Dynamic integrity checking involves calculation of hashes of the instructions in the code being executed and comparing these hashes against corresponding precomputed hashes at runtime. The processor pipeline is stalled and the instructions are not allowed to commit until the integrity check is complete. Such an approach has severe performance implications as it stalls the pipeline for several cycles. In this paper, we propose a hardware-based dynamic integrity checking approach that does not stall the processor pipeline. We permit the instructions to commit before the integrity check is complete, and allow them to make changes to the register file, but not the data cache. The system is rolled back to a known state if the checker deems the instructions as modified. Our experiments show an average performance overhead of 1.66%, area overhead of 4.25%, and a power overhead of 2.45% over a baseline processor.
Characterization of an In Vitro-Selected Amoxicillin-Resistant Strain of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (2000)

An amoxicillin-resistant (Amox(r)) strain of Helicobacter pylori was selected for by culturing an amoxicillin-sensitive (Amox(s)) strain in increasingly higher concentrations of amoxicillin, resulting in a 133-fold increase in MIC, from 0.03 to 0.06 microg/ml to 4 to 8 microg/ml. This resistance was stable upon freezing for at least 6 months and conferred cross-resistance to seven other beta-lactam antibiotics. beta-Lactamase activity was not detected in this Amox(r) strain; however, analysis of the penicillin-binding protein (PBP) profiles generated from isolated bacterial membranes of the Amox(s) parental strain and the Amox(r) strain revealed a significant decrease in labeling of PBP 1 by biotinylated amoxicillin (bio-Amox) in the Amox(r) strain. Comparative binding studies of PBP 1 for several beta-lactams demonstrated that PBP 1 in the Amox(r) strain had decreased affinity for mezlocillin but not significantly decreased affinity for penicillin G. In addition, PBP profiles prepared from whole bacterial cells showed decreased labeling of PBP 1 and PBP 2 in the Amox(r) strain at all bio-Amox concentrations tested, suggesting a diffusional barrier to bio-Amox or a possible antibiotic efflux mechanism. Uptake analysis of (14)C-labeled penicillin G showed a significant decrease in uptake of the labeled antibiotic by the Amox(r) strain compared to the Amox(s) strain, which was not affected by pretreatment with carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, eliminating the possibility of an efflux mechanism in the resistant strain. These results demonstrate that alterations in PBP 1 and in the uptake of beta-lactam antibiotics in H. pylori can be selected for by prolonged exposure to amoxicillin, resulting in increased resistance to this antibiotic.
Scientific Statistical and Methodology and the Doctrine of "Reasonable Doubt" in Criminal Law; (With Specific Reference to the Breath Analysis for Blood Alcohol) Empirical Fact or Legal Ficton? (1979)

Lawyers pride themselves on being men of reason. After all, they postulate, it is the "reasonable man" who is enshrined at the apex of the Anglo-American legal system in the adjudication of civil disputes; it is the legally trained mind that proves so finely honed a tool in the area of problem solving in private practice; the rational decisional process is the hallmark of the judicial mind. Where the life or liberty of an individual is in contention this expert "sense" of reason is brought one step further - the criminal law, with few exceptions, will not countenance a mere "preponderance of evidence" or "balance of probabilities" in the establishment of the burden of proof; there must be a greater degree of certitude. This latter goal is attained through the application of the doctrine of "reasonable doubt". The parameters with which we need be concerned, at least in the context of the imprecise "social organism" that constitutes law, are thus obvious. It is something less than absolute certainty. 1 The necessary legal goal will have been attained once any arbiters in the criminal decisional process have reached an abiding conviction to a moral certainty as to the guilt of an accused person.