gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of GRP1-catalyzed ADP Ribosylation Factor Guanine Nucleotide Exchange by Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-Trisphosphate (1998)

Cellular levels of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3) are rapidly elevated in response to activation of growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases. This polyphosphoinositide binds the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of GRP1, a protein that also contains 200 residues with high sequence similarity to a segment of the yeast Sec7 protein that functions as an ADP ribosylation exchange factor (ARF) (Klarlund, J., Guilherme, A., Holik, J. J., Virbasius, J. V., Chawla, A., and Czech, M. P. (1997) Science 275, 1927-1930). Here we show that dioctanoyl PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 binds the PH domain of GRP1 with a Kd = 0.5 microM, an affinity 2 orders of magnitude greater than dioctanoyl-PtdIns(4,5)P2. Further, the Sec7 domain of GRP1 is found to catalyze guanine nucleotide exchange of ARF1 and -5 but not ARF6. Importantly, PtdIns(3,4,5)P3, but not PtdIns(4,5)P2, markedly enhances the ARF exchange activity of GRP1 in a reaction mixture containing dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine micelles, 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonic acid, and a low concentration of sodium cholate. PtdIns(3,4,5)P3-mediated ARF nucleotide exchange through GRP1 is selectively blocked by 100 microM inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate, which also binds the PH domain of GRP1. Taken together, these data are consistent with the hypothesis that selective recruitment of GRP1 to PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 in membranes activates ARF1 and -5, known regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking.
Successful oral tolerance induction in severe peanut allergy (2009)

We demonstrated a substantial increase in dose threshold after OIT in all subjects, including the subject with proven anaphylaxis. OIT was well tolerated and conferred protection against at least 10 peanuts, more than is likely to be encountered during accidental ingestion.
Gemcitabine–Ibandronate Conjugate Enables the Bone-Targeted Combination Therapy in Bone Cancer: Synthesis and Efficacy in Combination with Docetaxel (2021)

Patients with cancer-induced bone disease, including primary bone cancers such as osteosarcoma (OS) and metastases from other tissues of origin, present a high unmet medical need. We present a potential therapeutic approach built upon a proven bone-targeting bisphosphonate conjugate platform with the known synergies of gemcitabine (GEM) and docetaxel (DTX). The synthesis of rationally designed GEM-IB, the conjugate of GEM-5'-phosphate with ibandronate (IB), is presented. GEM-IB as a single agent or in combination with DTX demonstrated reduced tumor burden, preservation of the bone architecture, and improved the survival in a murine model of OS. This is the first demonstration of a bone-targeting conjugate in combination with a second drug to create effective drug ratios in the bone compartment.
Nanostructured coatings on implant surfaces (2010)

METHODS: CaP nanoparticles having different size and morphology were coated onto implants using an immersion technique followed by a short heat treatment. Uncoated implants were used as control. After topographical and chemical characterizations, implants were randomly inserted into the tibia of twelve rabbits for removal torque (RTQ) testing. Furthermore, to confirm the biological reaction, implants were placed in the bilateral femurs of three rabbits. These were used for histology.
An SOI floating body charge monitor technique (2002)

SOI pass transistor circuits are vulnerable to initial-cycle parasitic bipolar current which can cause speed degradation or functional failures (Kuang et al, 1997; Lu et al, 1997). This paper describes a novel floating body charge monitoring method which effectively reduces the sensitivity of transient response in the initial cycles and improves circuit robustness and noise margin without using body-contacted devices. In doing so, we avoid the area penalty, issues of contact resistance, and modeling difficulties associated with body contacts. The charge monitor mimics the circuit configuration and biasing characteristics of a particular circuit, such as the MUX topology, which is prone to bipolar current-induced initial-cycle slowdown. When excess body charge is detected by the monitor circuit, an additional discharge path is automatically enabled to provide more switching current and thus minimize timing variation.
Angle selective fiber coupler (1976)

Angle selective input coupling through the side of a slightly tapered section of Corning highly multimode fiber has been experimentally demonstrated for the first time. This coupling technique allows the possibility of fabricating bidirectional (duplex) couplers for systems employing single strands of multimode, low loss fiber.
Differential Effects of Anti–β <sub>2</sub> -Glycoprotein I Antibodies on Endothelial Cells and on the Manifestations of Experimental Antiphospholipid Syndrome (1998)

The results of the study demonstrate the differential effects of various populations of anti-beta2GPI antibodies on endothelial cell activation and on experimental APS.
Long-wavelength infrared photodetectors based on InSbBi grown on GaAs substrates (1997)

We demonstrate the operation of InSbBi infrared photoconductive detectors grown by low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on semi-insulating GaAs substrates. The fabricated photodetector showed a cutoff wavelength of 7.7 μm at 77 K. The responsivity of the InSbBi photodetector at 7 μm was about 3.2 V/W at 77 K. The corresponding Johnson-noise limited detectivity was 4.7×108 cm Hz1/2/W. The carrier lifetime was estimated to be about 86 ns from the voltage-dependent responsivity measurements.
A Coaxial Wavewide Commutator Feed for a Scanning Circular Phased Array Antenna (1981)

A coaxial waveguide amplitude commutation feed system has been developed for application to the scanning circular array antenna problem. A dominant TEM mode and a pair of orthogonal TE/sub 11/ modes suitably excited at the input of a coaxial waveguide feed are employed to generate a simply commutatable low-sidelobe discrete amplitude distribution at the peripheral output ports of the coaxial circular array feed. The major advantages of the coaxial commutator feed compared to other circular array feed types are the broad bandwidth and small insertion loss simultaneously achieved with a simple feed geometry. The design and measured performance capability of a 30-percent RF bandwidth low-sidelobe coaxial commutator feed are described in detail.
Ultrabroadband double-chirped mirror pairs covering one octave of bandwidth (2000)

Summary form only given. Sub-10-fs pulse generation via external compression as well as direct generation from Kerr-lens mode-locked lasers relies on chirped mirrors for dispersion compensation. Pulses shorter than two optical cycles have been generated directly from the laser using double-chirped mirrors (DCMs) and CaF/sub 2/ prisms for precise control of the intracavity group delay dispersion (GDD) over almost 400-nm bandwidth. To approach the generation of single cycle pulses laser optics with a bandwidth of more than one octave are necessary. There have been several proposals to increase the bandwidth by mutual compensation of GDD oscillations using pure computer optimization. So far this resulted in a low reflectivity of less than 95% over almost half of the bandwidth considered. An analytic design of double chirped mirror (DCM) pairs covering one octave of bandwidth with reflectivity greater than 95.5% and improved dispersion characteristics is presented.
Precision measurement of refractive index of air based on laser synthetic wavelength interferometry with Edlén equation estimation (2015)

A novel method for the precision measurement of refractive index of air (n(air)) based on the combining of the laser synthetic wavelength interferometry with the Edlén equation estimation is proposed. First, a n(air_e) is calculated from the modified Edlén equation according to environmental parameters measured by low precision sensors with an uncertainty of 10(-6). Second, a unique integral fringe number N corresponding to n(air) is determined based on the calculated n(air_e). Then, a fractional fringe ε corresponding to n(air) with high accuracy can be obtained according to the principle of fringe subdivision of laser synthetic wavelength interferometry. Finally, high accurate measurement of n(air) is achieved according to the determined fringes N and ε. The merit of the proposed method is that it not only solves the problem of the measurement accuracy of n(air) being limited by the accuracies of environmental sensors, but also avoids adopting complicated vacuum pumping to measure the integral fringe N in the method of conventional laser interferometry. To verify the feasibility of the proposed method, comparison experiments with Edlén equations in short time and in long time were performed. Experimental results show that the measurement accuracy of n(air) is better than 2.5 × 10(-8) in short time tests and 6.2 × 10(-8) in long time tests.
The TaxGen framework: automating the generation of a taxonomy for a large document collection (2003)

Text mining is an active area of research and development, which combines and expands techniques found in related areas like information retrieval, computational linguistics and data mining to perform an analysis of large corpora of digital documents. This paper describes the TaxGen text mining project carried out at the IBM Software Development Lab. at Boeblingen, Germany. The goal of TaxGen was the automatic generation of a taxonomy for a collection of previously unstructured documents, namely a set of 73,000 news wire documents spanning one year.
Recombinant Retinal Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor: Its Purification from Overexpressing Escherichia Coli and Survival Effect on Induced Apoptosis in Cerebellar Granule Neurons (1995)

Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), first purified from the culture medium of retinal pigment epithelial cells of human fetus, is a neurotrophic protein. Since it is present in low amount in conditioned medium, a truncated recombinant expression construct (Asp^44-Pro^418), based on PEDF cDNA cloned from a fetal human cDNA library, has been expressed in Escherichia coil. By induction from a vector containing the truncated PEDF version, we produced a protein with expected size of 42.8kDa associated with inclusion bodies in the host. After solubilization, the protein was highly purified by cation exchange chromatography and ultrafiltration, and specifically recognized on Western transfers by polyclonal antibodies to PEDF. In neurite outgrowth assays, the recombinant PEDF (rPEDF) demonstrated neurotrophic activity by potentiating the differentiation of human Y-79 retinoblastoma cells as reported for the native PEDF. Thus, the recombinant protein retains a potent biological activity. PEDF has shown to be a neurotrophic survival factor of the primary culture of neurons from the central nervous system, the cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs), by significantly increasing the number of viable neurons. To extend the study, we further tested the survival effect of rPEDF on a model of low K-induced apoptosis (programmed cell death) in CGN. rPEDF could delay the induced cell death by inhibiting DNA fragmentation. Given that apoptosis is extensively observed in the developing nervous system including the retina as well as in neurodegenerative diseases, it is worthwhile carrying out further studies on the underlying mechanisms of apoptosis and its suppression by survival factors such as PEDF in the nervous system, especially the retina where PEDF is the single known component in the interphotoreceptor matrix responsible for the induction of neurite outgrowth in Y-79 cells.
MOBILITY OF THE HUMAN ANKLE AND THE DESIGN OF TOTAL ANKLE REPLACEMENT (2005)

Aims: Prior research has demonstrated that currently available total ankle implants fail to restore physiologic joint mobility. Most of the modern mobile-bearing designs that feature a flat tibial component and a talar component with anatomic curvature in the sagittal plane function non physiologically with the natural ligament apparatus. The aims of this investigation were a) to elucidate the natural relationship between ligaments and articular surfaces at the intact human ankle joint and b) to develop a new design of total ankle replacement able to replicate this relationship between the retained ligaments and the implanted prosthetic components.

Methods: Motion during passive flexion was analyzed in ten skeleto-ligamentous lower leg preparations including tibia, fibula, talus, calcaneus and intact ligaments. Geometry of ligament fiber arrangement and articular surface shapes was obtained with a 3D digitizer (FARO Technologies, Inc.). A sagittal four-bar linkage model was formulated as formed by the tibia/fibula and talus/ calcaneus rigid segments and by the calcaneofibular and tibiocalcaneal ligaments. To test the ability of possible new prostheses to reproduce the compatible mutual function between the articulating surfaces and the ligaments retained, non-conforming two-component and fully-conforming three-component designs were analyzed. A new total ankle replacement has been designed, prototypes manufactured and implanted in seven skeleto-ligamentous lower leg preparations, and motion was observed. A corresponding new prosthesis has been produced (Finsbury, UK), and implanted in four patients.

Results: The articular surfaces and the ligaments alone prescribed joint motion into a preferred single path of multiaxial rotation (one degree of unresisted freedom). Fibers within the calcaneofibular and tibiocalcaneal ligaments remained most isometric throughout the passive range. The four-bar linkage model well predicted the sagittal plane kinematics observed in corresponding experiments. A ligament-compatible, convex-tibia, fully-congruent, three-component prosthesis design showed the best features: complete congruence over the entire range of flexion together with an acceptable degree of entrapment of the meniscal bearing. Restoration of natural joint kinematics and ligament recruitment was observed in all replaced ankles.

Conclusions: The overall investigation is demonstrating that a profound knowledge of the changing geometry of the joint passive structures throughout the range of passive flexion (mobility) is mandatory for a successful design of joint replacements.
Convenient Isolation and Kinetic Mechanism of Glutathionylspermidine Synthetase from Crithidia fasciculata (1997)

Trypanothione, the essential metabolite in the oxidant defense system of trypanosomatids, is synthesized by two distinct proteins, glutathionylspermidine synthetase and trypanothione synthetase. Glutathionylspermidine synthetase was purified to homogeneity from the trypanosomatid Crithidia fasciculata by aqueous two-phase systems and chromatography. The enzyme showed a specific activity of 38 micromol of glutathionylspermidine formed per min per mg of protein. Its molecular mass was 78 kDa in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and it appeared predominantly monomeric in native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and gel filtration. The isoelectric point was at pH 4.6, and the pH optimum was near 7.6. Partial amino acid sequencing revealed homology with, but low similarity to, the glutathionylspermidine synthetase/amidase of Escherichia coli, and amidase activity was not detected in glutathionylspermidine synthetase of C. fasciculata. The kinetics of trypanosomatid glutathionylspermidine synthetase revealed a rapid equilibrium random mechanism with limiting Km values for Mg2+-ATP, GSH, and spermidine of 0.25 +/- 0.02, 2.51 +/- 0.33, and 0.47 +/- 0. 09 mM, respectively, and a kcat of 415 +/- 78 min-1. Partial reactions at restricted cosubstrate supply were not detected by 31P NMR, supporting the necessity of a quarternary complex formation for catalysis. ADP inhibited competitively with respect to ATP (Ki = 0. 08 mM) and trypanothione exerted a feedback inhibition competitive with GSH (Ki = 0.48 mM).
Nanoparticle Formulations of Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors for Cancer Therapy (2020)

A number of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have been recently approved for clinical use in BRCA mutated and other cancers. However, off-target toxicity of PARP inhibitors and the emergence of drug resistance following prolonged administration of these inhibitors indicate the need for improved methods of drug delivery to the tumors. Nanomedicines based upon nanoparticle formulations of conventional small molecule drugs and inhibitors offer many advantages, such as increased solubility and bioavailability of drugs, reduced toxicity and drug resistance, and improved tissue selectivity and therapeutic efficacy. This review highlights the current trends in formulations of PARP inhibitors developed by nanotechnology approaches and provides an insight into the applications and limitations of these PARP inhibitor nanomedicines for cancer therapies.
Probing Microbiologically Induced Corrosion (1986)

The apparatus described in this paper, consisting of a two-compartment cell in which the compartments are biologically isolated and electrolytically continuous, is ideally suited for the study of microbiologically induced corrosion (MIC). The electrochemical impact of three bacterial isolates on three metal substrata has been quantified using this apparatus. In addition, three proposed mechanisms for MIC have been evaluated.
Electrochemical cell having would electrode structures (1986)

This patent describes an electrochemical cell. It has the following parts: a metal case having a cylindrical wall and a flat bottom; a metal cover in contact with the wall of the metal case; a terminal extending through the center of the cover and electrically insulated; a first electrode structure including a first elongated metal substrate having a first edge and a second edge extending along its length, a first end, and a second end; a first electrode material covering both sides of the first substrate except for bare borders adjacent to the first and second edges of the first substrate and a bare end extending from the first end; a second electrode structure including a second elongated metal substrate generally covered with a second electrode material; a multiplicity of sheets of insulating porous material interposed between the first electrode structure and the second electrode structure; the first electrode structure, the insulating porous sheets and the second electrode structure wound in a coil with the bare end of the first substrate on the outside of the coil; the first substrate and the sheets of porous insulating material having a witdth greater than the second substrate; the coil arranged within themore » case with one edge of the first substrate and one edge of each sheet of porous insulating material in contact with the flat bottom and the other edge of the first substrate and the other edge of each sheet of porous insulating material in contact with the cover; the bare end of the first substrate in contact with the wall conducting means for providing electrical communication between the first electrode structure and the terminal; and an electrolytic solution substantially immersing the coil.« less
Potential of UAV-Based Active Sensing for Monitoring Rice Leaf Nitrogen Status (2018)

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based active canopy sensors can serve as a promising sensing solution for the estimation of crop nitrogen (N) status with great applicability and flexibility. This study was endeavored to determine the feasibility of UAV-based active sensing to monitor the leaf N status of rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) and to examine the transferability of handheld-based predictive models to UAV-based active sensing. In this 3-year multi-locational study, varied N-rates (0-405 kg N ha<sup>-1</sup>) field experiments were conducted using five rice varieties. Plant samples and sensing data were collected at critical growth stages for growth analysis and monitoring. The portable active canopy sensor RapidSCAN CS-45 with red, red edge, and near infrared wavebands was used in handheld mode and aerial mode on a gimbal under a multi-rotor UAV. The results showed the great potential of UAV-based active sensing for monitoring rice leaf N status. The vegetation index-based regression models were built and evaluated based on Akaike information criterion and independent validation to predict rice leaf dry matter, leaf area index, and leaf N accumulation. Vegetation indices composed of near-infrared and red edge bands (NDRE or RERVI) acquired at a 1.5 m aviation height had a good performance for the practical application. Future studies are needed on the proper operation mode and means for precision N management with this system.
Long-term prediction of MPEG video traffic for broadband cable networks (2010)

In this paper, we evaluate the accuracy of a new long-term prediction model for MPEG video traffic. With this model, a video headend in a broadband cable network can forecast bandwidth usage well ahead of time and this can help minimize packet losses during periods of peak bandwidth demands or prefetching of video data. Although the model can be applied to a wide variety of compressed video traffic, we apply our model to several high-definition MPEG-4 AVC videos. First, we estimate the Hurst parameter values, which is used to investigate the long-range dependency or self-similarity of the videos. This leads us to design a new algorithm to predict the size of the I-, P- and B-frames, and the group of pictures (GOP) in the long term. Although long-term prediction may potentially suffer degraded prediction accuracy compared to short-term prediction, we will show that this is not always the case, especially when the prediction is applied to videos encoded with high quality resolution. In addition, we will demonstrate that the bit rate variability of multiplexed videos tends to smooth due a weaker long-range dependency.
Palladacycles: Efficient New Catalysts for the Heck Vinylation of Aryl Halides (1997)

Abstract Cyclopalladated complexes of the general formula [Pd 2 (μ‐L) 2 (PC) 2 ] (L = bridging ligand, e.g. OAc, Cl, Br, I; PC = cyclometallated P donor, e.g. o ‐CH 2 C 6 H 4 P( o ‐Tol) 2 or o ‐CH 2 C 6 H 2 (CH 3 ) 2 ‐P(Mes) 2 ) are highly efficient catalysts for the Heck vinylation of aryl halides. The isolated complexes are easily accessible from palladium(II) acetate by spontaneous metallation of ortho ‐methyl‐substituted arylphosphines. They display improved activity and stability compared to conventional catalyst mixtures (e.g. [Pd(OAc) 2 ] + n PPh 3 ), and also exhibit a higher stability towards air than conventional Pd 0 ‐based systems (e.g. [Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 ]). Turnover numbers (TON) of up to 1000000 and turnover frequencies (TOF) in the range of 5000‐20000 are achieved in catalytic coupling reactions of aryl bromides. Even technically interesting aryl chlorides undergo the Heck reaction (TON = 600‐40000) if promoting salts are added to the catalyst ((NBu 4 )Br, LiBr). The new structural type for catalysts is compared to palladacycles formed in situ from mixtures of [Pd(OAc) 2 ] + P( o ‐tolyl) 3 and the established [Pd(OAc) 2 ] + n PPh 3 system. The scope of the new CC coupling catalysts is outlined for the vinylation of aryl halides by the use of different mono‐ and disubstituted olefins. Mechanistic consequences for the Heck reaction in general are discussed.