gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of dengue virus replicons expressing HIV-1 gp120 and other heterologous genes: a potential future tool for dual vaccination against dengue virus and HIV (2001)

Heterologous proteins were readily expressed from these constructs. GFP and gp120 demonstrated minimal or no toxicity. Gp160 expressing replicons were found to express proteins abundantly at 36 hours post transfection, but after 50 hrs of transfection, few replicon positive cells could be found despite the presence of cellular debris positive for replicon proteins. This suggested that gp160 expressed from dengue virus replicons is considerably more toxic than either GFP or gp120. The successful expression of heterologous proteins, including HIV gp120 for long periods in culture suggests this vector system may be useful as a vaccine vector, given appropriate delivery methods.
Molecular Cloning and Characterization of p56 Defines a New Family of RasGAP-binding Proteins (1998)

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a disease characterized by the presence of p210(bcr-abl), a chimeric protein with tyrosine kinase activity. Substrates for p210(bcr-abl) are likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of CML. Here we describe the purification, cDNA cloning, and characterization of a 56-kDa tyrosine phosphorylated protein, p56(dok-2) (Dok-2), from p210(bcr-abl) expressing cells. The human dok-2 cDNA encodes a 412-amino acid protein with a predicted N-terminal pleckstrin homology domain as well as several other features of a signaling molecule, including 13 potential tyrosine phosphorylation sites, six PXXP motifs, and the ability to bind to p120(RasGAP). Dok-2 was shown to be 35% identical to p62(dok-1), a recently identified RasGAP binding protein from CML cells, and analysis of the expressed sequence tag data base revealed the presence of at least four additional proteins containing a Dok homology sequence motif. Dok mRNAs were primarily expressed in tissues of hematopoietic origin. These findings strongly suggest that a family of Dok-related proteins exists that bind to RasGAP and may mediate the effects of p210(bcr-abl) in CML.
Manufacturing Process for in Situ Reaction-Bonded Porous SiC Ceramics Using a Combination of Graft Polymerization and Sol–Gel Approaches (2014)

A novel process was successfully developed to manufacture mullite-bonded porous SiC ceramics. In this technique, SiC particles were coated with a sintering additive (alumina) and pore former (high density polyethylene) in a two-step process composed of sol–gel and in situ polymerization techniques, respectively. After the formation of a green body, the porous samples were produced by pressureless sintering under air. The microstructures, phase components, and physical and mechanical properties of the developed porous ceramics were examined and compared with materials obtained by the traditional process. The results interpretation revealed that the flexural strength (35%) and porosity (8%), as well as the pore size of the samples fabricated by the novel process significantly increased as compared to regular ceramic parts. Further characterization indicated that the enhanced properties of the porous ceramics came from the good dispersion of the sintering additive and pore former into the SiC particles and from the higher mullite formation.
A Platform-Independent Mechanism for Deployment of Business Processes Using Abstract Services (2013)

This paper deals with the problem of efficiently deploying business processes in service oriented environments with the purpose of enhancing operational agility and improving governance. Today's solutions rely on early coupling between the business process layer and the underlying service oriented architecture layer and this constrains evolution in either of the two layers to the ability of the other layer to adapt. The presented approach leverages abstract architectural mappings that indirectly connect business process activities with service-based assets. It consists of a deployment mechanism that is capable of taking these mappings and generating fully executable artifacts for a variety of runtime platforms. The deployment mechanism is encapsulated in a self-contained entity that is instantiated and executed each time a business process needs to be deployed. This entity contains all the necessary data for the deployment, while ensuring complete accountability of operations. This approach promotes late binding of processes to the underlying SOA and it has the potential to significantly increase the speed of implementing changes in business operations while ensuring long-term sustainability. In addition it promotes independent evolutions of processes and services while encouraging incremental convergence of the SOA towards the needs of the business domain.
Reducing the footprint of the IBM trainable speech synthesis system (2002)

This paper presents a novel approach for concatenative speech synthesis. This approach enables reduction of the dataset size of a concatenative text-to-speech system, namely the IBM trainable speech synthesis system, by more than an order of magnitude. A spectral acoustic feature based speech representation is used for computing a cost function during segment selection as well as for speech generation. Initial results indicate that even with a dataset size of a few megabytes it is possible to achieve quality which is significantly higher than existing small footprint formant based synthesizers.
(Invited) Deep Ultraviolet Light Emitting Diodes: Physics, Performance, and Applications (2014)

The key factor for developing deep UV LEDs is material’s quality of nitride epitaxial films. It could be dramatically improved by using novel MEMOCVD® technique. Using very narrow quantum wells (QWs) and energy band gap engineering in deep UV LEDs improves overlap between electron and hole wave functions and increases the Internal Quantum Efficiency (IQE) and External Quantum Efficiency (EQE). A novel transparent and reflecting top contact further boosts IQE and EQE and increases the power output and high external quantum efficiency of our Deep UV LEDs. Research is now under way to use these devices for improving quality and extending storage time of fruits and vegetables. Other applications include water and air purification, sterilization, biological threat identification, applications in medicine, biology, industrial processes, defense, and homeland security.
Evaluation of a plasmid-based transgenic mouse model for detecting <i>in vivo</i> mutations (1996)

To study in vivo somatic mutations a C57BL/6 transgenic mouse model was constructed harboring multiple chromosomally integrated copies of the plasmid pUR288, which carried the lacZ reporter gene as the mutational target. We previously demonstrated that lacZ-containing plasmids could be rescued from their integrated state efficient enough to detect mutations in lacZ by positive selection. The smaller size of the plasmid vector, as compared with our earlier transgenic mouse model based on bacteriophage lambda vectors, should offer considerable advantages in terms of rescue efficiency and sensitivity to large size alterations in the lacZ gene. To evaluate the plasmid-based mouse model for its suitability to detect in vivo mutations, we determined mutant frequencies in different organs of untreated and ethyl nitrosourea (ENU)-treated animals using a new, improved protocol. The rescue efficiencies obtained were as high as 200,000/micrograms genomic DNA; millions of transformants could be obtained in one single experiment. The average spontaneous mutant frequency in four different organs of 4- to 8-week-old mice ranged from 4.41 to 6.82 x 10(-5), compared with a mutant frequency of the same plasmid grown in Escherichia coli of approximately 1 x 10(-5) or less. Single treatments with 100 and 250 mg ENU/kg body wt resulted in a 7- and 14-fold increase, respectively, in spleen mutant frequency at 14 days after i.p. administration of the alkylating agent. Restriction enzyme analysis showed that a considerable portion of spontaneous mutants were size changes varying from approximately 100 to 3000 bp. Some mutant plasmids contained mouse genomic sequences, which is indicative of large genetic rearrangement events involving the 3' flanking regions of the transgene cluster. Among the ENU-induced mutants, size changes comprised only a minor fraction of the total, which is in keeping with the known ENU mutation spectra in vitro and in vivo. The high rescue efficiency of this plasmid-based model, in combination with its sensitivity to a broad spectrum of mutations, including large deletions, makes it very suitable as a general in vivo mutagenicity test system.
MAC Protocols for Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA)-based Passive Optical Networks (2008)

A novel passive optical network (PON) architecture based on optical orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) technologies is presented. Two potential medium access control (MAC) methods namely dynamic circuit transmission and fixed burst transmission are investigated.
113 Diagnosis of Impulse Line Blockage with Differential Pressure Transmitter : Part2: Blockage Monitoring Considering Static Operating Point Changes (2005)

Differential pressure transmitters with an orifice are widely used as flowmeters in process industries. Since the most frequent problem they present is impulse line blockage, online blockage detection is required. Thus, we have developed an online method for detecting impulse line blockage loaded in a digital differential pressure transmitter. This transmitter can measure not only the differential pressure but also the static pressures at the high- and low-pressure sides of the orifice. The detecting method is based on the ratio of the root mean square values of fluctuations in measured static pressures. This methods has two unique advantages. First, it is able to detect blockages on both and either side before they affect the differential pressure measurement. Second, it is unaffected by the static operating point changes.
Complexes of Nitric Oxide with Nucleophiles as Agents for the Controlled Biological Release of Nitric Oxide: Antiplatelet Effect (1993)

Nitric oxide (NO) inhibits platelet aggregation. Accordingly, we hypothesized that complexes of diethylamine and spermine with NO (DEA/NO and SPER/NO, respectively), two vasodilators previously shown to release NO spontaneously in aqueous solution, may also be useful antiplatelet agents. Platelet aggregation was measured in whole blood or platelet-rich plasma by impedance aggregometry after addition of collagen. In whole blood, the dose response curve for DEA/NO added 1 min before collagen was similar to that for aspirin (60% inhibition at 10(-4) M), while SPER/NO and sodium nitroprusside were less potent by an order of magnitude. In platelet-rich plasma, 10(-6) M DEA/NO caused 60% inhibition, while SPER/NO and sodium nitroprusside were as active only at 10(-5) M; aspirin's potency was unchanged from that in whole blood. In vivo, DEA/NO and sodium nitroprusside produced significant platelet inhibition 1 min after intravenous injection in the rabbit at 50 nmol/kg. Similar in vivo platelet inhibition was observed with SPER/NO and aspirin, but only at higher dose. The effects of DEA/NO and sodium nitroprusside were transient, lasting less than 30 min after treatment, while the activity of SPER/NO and aspirin was sustained throughout the 30 min experiment. The magnitude and duration of the antiplatelet effects of DEA/NO and SPER/NO correlate with the rates at which they release nitric oxide spontaneously in aqueous solution. Thus, NO/nucleophile complexes merit further exploration both as research tools and as potential antiplatelet agents.
Production and Characterization of Laminates of Paper and Cellulose Nanofibrils (2016)

A novel laminate system comprising of sheets of paper bound together using cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) is manufactured and characterized. Bonding properties of CNF were first confirmed through a series of peeling tests. Composite laminates were manufactured from sheets of paper bonded together using CNF at two different consistencies, press times, and press temperatures. Mechanical properties of the laminates in tension and bending were characterized and the results were statistically analyzed. Elastic modulus and strength results met or exceeded those of a short glass fiber reinforced polypropylene and various natural fiber-filled polypropylene composites as well as some wood and paper based laminates. Stiffness properties, assuming perfect bonding within the laminates, were successfully estimated through a classical laminated plate theory (CLPT) with only 2-10% variation compared to experimental results. Laminates, together with CNF-peeled surfaces, were observed and qualitatively analyzed by SEM imaging. Physical properties, namely, water absorption and thickness swelling were measured. Swelling was controlled by the addition of a small percentage of a cross-linking additive.
Production of Antitoxins to Two Toxins of <i>Clostridium difficile</i> and Immunological Comparison of the Toxins by Cross-Neutralization Studies (1982)

We prepared antitoxins specific for each of two toxins of Clostridium difficile and used these to demonstrate that the toxins are immunologically distinct.
Biocontrol of <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> and <i>Alternaria brassicicola</i> on Dutch white cabbage by bacterial antagonists at cold‐store temperatures (1993)

Bacterial antagonists against Botrytis cinerea were isolated from different Brassica spp. and identified. All isolates showing in vitro antagonism at 4°C were shown to be either fluorescent pseudomonads or Serratia spp. In vitro antagonism against B. cinerea and Alternaria brassicicola was found to depend on the temperature and concentration of nutrients in the medium. Bacterial strains which showed in vitro antagonism were tested for in vivo antagonism at 4°C against B. cinerea and A. brassicicola using a leaf disc bioassay. Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates CL42, CL66, CL82 and Serratia plymuthica strain CL43 showed inhibition of Botrytis growth on leaf discs; P. fluorescens isolate CL74 and all Serratia liquefaciens isolates exhibited intermediate control. All other fluorescent pseudomonad isolates showed poor control or caused rotting of the cabbage tissue.
Measurement of gloss profile. (1990)

of coated paper was measured using a newly developed apparatus which had a 75 degree light source, a 75 degree detector and a scanning X-Y stage. The gloss profile of commercial coated papers was measured with the apparatus.
Oversampled digital controller IC based on successive load-change estimation for dc-dc converters (2010)

This paper presents an oversampled digital controller IC for low-power switch-mode power supplies (SMPS) that achieves fast response with a minimized addition of switching losses due to its control actions. To reduce the voltage deviation and improve converter response time, the controller samples the output voltage four times per switching cycle. A single voltage sample is processed by the conventional digital PID compensator to provide tight voltage regulation. Three additional samples are used to calculate the change in duty ratio value that results in the fastest possible response. If the load disturbance is significant, potentially causing large deviation, additional switching pulses are injected based on the estimated load change. To prevent operation at frequencies larger than the switching frequency, while still taking into account the results of oversampling, a novel oversampled digital pulse-width modulator (ODPWM) is introduced. The ODPWM adds or subtracts additional pulses such that the extra pulses are most effective in achieving fast recovery. The controller is implemented on-chip in CMOS 0.18µm technology. The complete controller occupies 0.53 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of silicon area and takes only 5500 logic gates for the implementation. Its functionality and effectiveness are demonstrated on a 12-V-to−1.8-V, 60-W buck converter switching at 500 KHz. Compared to a fast PID compensator, having crossover frequency equal to 1/10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> of the switching rate, the new IC reduces the voltage deviation by two times.
Expression of an exogenous isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase gene enhances isoprenoid biosynthesis in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1997)

Escherichia coli expressing the Erwinia carotenoid biosynthesis genes, crtE, crtB, crtI and crtY, form yellow-coloured colonies due to the presence of beta-carotene. This host was used as a visible marker for evaluating regulatory systems operating in isoprenoid biosynthesis of E. coli. cDNAs enhancing carotenoid levels were isolated from the yeast Phaffia rhodozyma and the green alga Haematococcus pluvialis. Nucleotide sequence analysis indicated that they coded for proteins similar to isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) isomerase of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Determination of enzymic activity confirmed the identity of the gene products as IPP isomerases. The corresponding gene was isolated from the genomic library of S. cerevisiae based on its nucleotide sequence, and was confirmed to have the same effect as the above two IPP isomerase genes when introduced into the E. coli transformant accumulating beta-carotene. In the three E. coli strains carrying the individual exogenous IPP isomerase genes, the increases in carotenoid levels are comparable to the increases in IPP isomerase enzyme activity with reference to control strains possessing the endogenous gene alone. These results imply that IPP isomerase forms an influential step in isoprenoid biosynthesis of the prokaryote E. coli, with potential for the efficient production of industrially useful isoprenoids by metabolic engineering.
In vivo antitumor activity of pegylated zinc protoporphyrin: targeted inhibition of heme oxygenase in solid tumor. (2003)

High expression of the inducible isoform of heme oxygenase (HO-1) is now well known in solid tumors in humans and experimental animal models. We reported previously that HO-1 may be involved in tumor growth (Tanaka et al., Br. J. Cancer, 88: 902-909, 2003), in that inhibition of HO activity in tumors by using zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) significantly reduced tumor growth in a rat model. We demonstrate here that poly(ethylene glycol)-conjugated ZnPP (PEG-ZnPP), a water-soluble derivative of ZnPP, exhibited potent HO inhibitory activity and had an antitumor effect in vivo. In vitro studies with cultured SW480 cells, which express HO-1, showed that PEG-ZnPP induced oxidative stress, and consequently apoptotic death, of these cells. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that PEG-ZnPP-administered i.v. had a circulation time in blood that was 40 times longer than that for nonpegylated ZnPP. More important, PEG-ZnPP preferentially accumulated in solid tumor tissue in a murine model. In vivo treatment with PEG-ZnPP (equivalent to 1.5 or 5 mg of ZnPP/kg, i.v., injected daily for 6 days) remarkably suppressed the growth of Sarcoma 180 tumors implanted in the dorsal skin of ddY mice without any apparent side effects. In addition, this PEG-ZnPP treatment produced tumor-selective suppression of HO activity as well as induction of apoptosis. The major reason for tumor-selective targeting of PEG-ZnPP is attributed to the enhanced permeability and retention effect that is observed commonly in solid tumors for biocompatible macromolecular drugs. These findings suggest that tumor-targeted inhibition of HO activity could be achieved by using PEG-ZnPP, which induces apoptosis in solid tumors, probably through increased oxidative stress.
Innovations in shock wave lithotripsy technology (2003)

Since its introduction in early 1980s, shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) has been used widely in clinic for the treatment of kidney and upper urinary stones. Although a variety of methods have been developed for shock wave generation, coupling, and focusing, the core of SWL technology has not changed significantly. In this talk, we will present a summary of our research efforts, aiming to provide innovations in SWL technology. Our strategy is to first better understand the mechanisms by which stone comminution and tissue injury are produced in SWL using various experimental and theoretical techniques. Based on this knowledge, we then developed novel techniques that can optimize the effect of cavitation in SWL via modification of the waveform profile, pressure distribution, and pulse sequence of lithotripter-generated shock waves. These new techniques were upgraded on a Dornier HM-3 lithotripter, the gold standard in SWL. Both in vitro phantom and in vivo animal experiments were carried out which demonstrated that the performance and safety of the upgraded HM-3 lithotripter is superior to the original HM-3 lithotripter. Finally, strategies to improve stone comminution efficiency while reducing tissue injury in SWL will be presented. [Work supported by NIH DK52985 and DK58266.]
Directly UV-written planar channel waveguides containing simultaneously defined Bragg gratings (2004)

A new technique for the simultaneous writing of channels and Bragg gratings uses interfering focused UV beams in a photosensitive silica layer and is able to fabricate near-ideal Bragg gratings, with 60% reflectivity.
Fault location identification of a hybrid HVDC-VSC system containing cable and overhead line segments using transient data (2016)

Identifying the exact fault location within a HVDC system is critical in order to perform rapid system restoration for enhanced system reliability and operation. A method is proposed to locate faults using transient system data generated by the fault with system measurements at the HVDC converter terminals. The proposed method can locate temporary and permanent faults on a hybrid HVDC-VSC system, where the transmission medium consists of long segments of both underground cable and overhead line. The proposed routine is based on modeling the behavior of the traveling wave and making use of Rogowski coils for measurements.
A variant of the McEliece cryptosystem with increased public key security (2011)

We propose a new variant of the McEliece cryptosystem which ensures that the code used as the public key is not permutation-equivalent to the secret code. This allows to increase the security of the public key, and to reconsider possible adoption of classical families of codes, like Reed-Solomon codes. A reduction in the key size or, equivalently, an increased level of security against information set decoding are the main advantages of the modified cryptosystem. As a drawback, the domain of intentional error vectors must be restricted, but we show that this has no significant impact on the security level.