gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Practical motion capture in everyday surroundings (2007)

Commercial motion-capture systems produce excellent in-studio reconstructions, but offer no comparable solution for acquisition in everyday environments. We present a system for acquiring motions almost anywhere. This wearable system gathers ultrasonic time-of-flight and inertial measurements with a set of inexpensive miniature sensors worn on the garment. After recording, the information is combined using an Extended Kalman Filter to reconstruct joint configurations of a body. Experimental results show that even motions that are traditionally difficult to acquire are recorded with ease within their natural settings. Although our prototype does not reliably recover the global transformation, we show that the resulting motions are visually similar to the original ones, and that the combined acoustic and intertial system reduces the drift commonly observed in purely inertial systems. Our final results suggest that this system could become a versatile input device for a variety of augmented-reality applications.
Development of a Novel Circular Secondary Clarifier for Improving Solids Liquid Separation in Wastewater Treatment (2009)

A novel circular secondary clarifier was developed to obviate the shortcomings of conventional clarifiers. The novel clarifier provides natural flocculation, which occurs as a result of hydraulic energy dissipation and the formation of sludge cloud referred to as plume. The efficiency of the clarifier depends on the stability of the plume, which in turn depends on the velocity gradient. For natural flocculation to occur, a velocity gradient of 10 to 15 s(-1) was found to be favorable. This velocity also keeps the plume-rise well below the free-surface. The mean particle size of mixed liquor suspended solids increases from 41 to 83 microm in the plume, which indicates agglomeration of particles and confirms that natural flocculation is occurring within the plume. The hydraulic improvement achieved by improving inlet design dissipates hydraulic energy, uniformly distributes flow, minimizes sludge blanket disturbances, and promote flocculation. The improved clarifier operates at 1-h hydraulic retention time.
Combined compress air storage: low Btu coal gasification power plant. [Patent application] (1977)

An electrical generating power plant includes a Compressed Air Energy Storage System (CAES) fueled with low BTU coal gas generated in a continuously operating high pressure coal gasifier system. This system is used in coordination with a continuously operating main power generating plant to store excess power generated during off-peak hours from the power generating plant, and to return the stored energy as peak power to the power generating plant when needed. The excess coal gas which is produced by the coal gasifier during off-peak hours is stored in a coal gas reservoir. During peak hours the stored coal gas is combined with the output of the coal gasifier to fuel the gas turbines and ultimately supply electrical power to the base power plant.
Superhydrophobic amine functionalized aerogels as sorbents for CO<sub>2</sub> capture (2013)

Abstract Aspen Aerogels has developed a novel solid sorbent for CO 2 capture using amine functionalized aerogel (AFA) that has demonstrated a lower specific heat capacity (0.7–1.1 J/g·K) than aqueous amines (∼4.2 J/g·K). In addition, the AFA material has very high surface area (430–792 m 2 /g), excellent stability over many adsorption/regeneration cycles, and high steam resistance. CO 2 adsorption capacity, kinetics, and cycling stability of the newly developed AFA materials are presented. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Secure Computation Interfaces (2015)

Introduction Applications such as secure Hadoop [1] need to have part of their data and code isolated from privileged software (e.g., the operating system), and they need to be able to establish secure communication channels between the isolated code and remote machines. This document investigates the APIs needed to develop these applications. These APIs isolate the applications from the underlying hardware or software that provides “secure computation” [2, 3, 4, 5]. For example, the applications should work independently of whether isolation is implemented using SGX [6], or using Hypervisor-based isolation techniques [2, 3, 4, 5].
Failure Progression of Spur Gears during a Simulated Loss-of-Lubrication Event in a Rotorcraft Drive System (2020)

Tests were conducted to identify and understand the failure mechanisms that control a gear’s longevity during a loss of lubrication (LoL) event by tracking the physical and tribological changes experienced by the gear teeth from operating without oil. A total of five tests were performed using 28-tooth, eight-pitch spur gears made from AMS 6308 on a single-mesh test rig. A new set of gears was used for each test, which consisted of run-in, failure, and matching the time of three of the inflection points present in the material’s failure progression curve. The tests were performed without lubrication at 10 krpm while supporting a torsional load of 58.8 N-m. Posttest analysis included optical microscopy of the tooth surfaces and measurements of the tooth involute profile using a stylus profilometer. Results showed that any face width crowning was lost almost immediately but the involute profile remained mostly intact until the period of thermal runaway. The results also suggest that the mesh friction coefficient, material case hot hardness, and thermal expansion play a significant role in the gear’s survivability, with eventual failure linked to the elimination of the available backlash.
Trellis-based postprocessing of Viterbi decisions for noise decorrelation and compensation of nonlinear distortion (with application to magnetic recording channels) (2002)

This paper presents a new concatenated decoding algorithm for partial response channels in which the inner decoder is a low-complexity suboptimal Viterbi decoder that operates in the presence of linear or nonlinear intersymbol interference and/or correlated noise, and the outer decoder (or "postprocessor") is used to introduce "non-redundant error correction" (error correction in the absence of channel coding), by taking advantage of the knowledge of the components of the channel response neglected by the inner decoder. The postprocessor operates by searching a trellis where the number of states is determined by the maximum length of error events expected, and is independent of the length of the channel impulse response. By contrast, the number of states of an optimal Viterbi decoder would increase exponentially with the length of the channel response. Therefore this algorithm allows long channel responses, typically arising from noise decorrelation, to be efficiently decoded. The primary example used is the partial response class IV (PR IV) magnetic recording channel. We show that when the postprocessor is used to compensate the nonlinearity of this channel, it typically yields a 2 dB gain over the (linear) PR IV Viterbi decoder. If, in addition, it is used for noise decorrelation, it yields a 3 dB gain. The algorithm can also be used to jointly decode a DC-free code of the type described by Knudson et al. (see Proceedings of GLOBECOM 93). The complexity of the trellis-based postprocessor is low, and it becomes even lower when DC-free codes are simultaneously decoded.
Evaluation of Oligonucleotides with Novel Modifications (1995)

Abstract Oligodeoxynucleotides modified with carboxamide linked dimeric nuclcotides and an acyclic nucleoside were prepared and investigated for their hybridization properties toward DNA.
Bonding temperature effect on the performance of flip chip assembled 150nm mHEMT device on organic substrate (2010)

Due to the rapid growth of wireless communication systems, high frequency packages become very important and they require compactness, low cost and high performances even at frequency up to 60 GHz. Flip-chip assembly using organic substrate at very high frequency has become a cost competitive packaging method in semiconductor industries.
Meta-AR-App: An Authoring Platform for Collaborative Augmented Reality in STEM Classrooms (2020)

Augmented Reality (AR) has become a valuable tool for education and training processes. Meanwhile, cloud-based technologies can foster collaboration and other interaction modalities to enhance learning. We combine the cloud capabilities with AR technologies to present Meta-AR-App, an authoring platform for collaborative AR, which enables authoring between instructors and students. Additionally, we introduce a new application of an established collaboration process, the pull-based development model, to enable sharing and retrieving of AR learning content. We customize this model and create two modalities of interaction for the classroom: local (student to student) and global (instructor to class) pull. Based on observations from our user studies, we organize a four-category classroom model which implements our system: Work, Design, Collaboration, and Technology. Further, our system enables an iterative improvement workflow of the class content and enables synergistic collaboration that empowers students to be active agents in the learning process.
Cloning of a novel pilin‐like gene from <i>Bordetella pertussis</i>: homology to the <i>fim2</i> gene (1988)

A search for pilin genes in a Bordetella pertussis (Bp) genomic library has led to the identification of several clones which hybridize to synthetic oligonucleotides with sequences derived from amino acid sequences of Bp fimbrial subunits. One of these clones (corresponding to a gene we have named fimX) contains an open reading frame encoding a protein with a molecular weight of about 20 kD and a sequence similar but not identical to the fimbrial subunit fim2 and to other fimbrial protein sequences. In this communication we present the cloning and nucleotide sequence of the fimX gene and its homology to the fim2 gene. A genomic analysis on the positional relationship between the two genes is also presented.
Spongy degeneration of the brain, canavan disease: biochemical and molecular findings (2000)

Canavan disease is a severe progressive leukodystrophy characterized by swelling and spongy degeneration of the white matter of the brain. It is an autosomal recessive disease found more frequently among Ashkenazi Jews. The clinical features are those of severe mental retardation with inability to gain developmental milestones. Hypotonia, head lag and macrocephaly are characteristic of Canavan disease and become apparent after 5-6 months of age. Massive excretion in the urine of N-acetylaspartic acid is the biochemical marker for Canavan disease, which is caused by deficiency of the enzyme aspartoacylase. This discovery allowed for accurate diagnosis of Canavan disease, while prior to that, a brain biopsy was needed. The gene for aspartoacylase has been cloned and two mutations predominate among Ashkenazi Jewish individuals with Canavan disease and account for more than 98% of the Ashkenazi Jewish patients. The mutations among other ethnic groups are more diverse. The carrier frequency for the two common mutations among Ashkenazi Jews was found to be surprisingly high, 1:37. Screening for carriers is now common practice for this population. A knock-out mouse for Canavan disease is being genetically engineered in our laboratory. The mouse model will allow for development of strategies for gene therapy.
Introducing A New Type of Protection Zone for the Smart Grid Incorporating Distributed Generation (2018)

One of the performance criteria of protection is selectivity which aims to minimise the area shut down following fault occurrence. Selectivity is facilitated by splitting the electrical power network into zones. Protection schemes are incorporated into each zone to provide primary protection and back-up protection for external faults. The integration of distributed generators is contributing to the transformation of the power grid to a distributed architecture that incorporates hybrid microgrids and energy storage systems. This transformation impacts the sensitivity, stability and speed of the existing protection schemes leading to possible loss of selectivity, especially at the distribution level. This paper proposes a new type of protection zone, the Busbar Area Protection (BAP) zone that extends to include a busbar and all feeders fed from that busbar. The BAP zone facilitates protection that is able to eliminate the impact of DG integration on selectivity, while significantly reducing the protection component count at a busbar to only one primary relay irrespective of the number of feeders terminating at that node, in contrast to most other protection relaying systems that require at least one relay dedicated to each feeder. The protection operates under smart grid environment with intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) exchanging voltage measurements using peer-to-peer communications.
5,11-Dimethyl-2,9-bis(phenylacetyl)-5,11-diazatetracyclo[6.2.2.02,7.04,9]dodecane, a potent, novel analgesic (1977)

5,11-Dimethyl-2,9-bis(phenylacetyl)-5,11-diazatetracyclo[6.2.2.0(2,7)90(4,9)]dodecane (2a) has been found to be a potent narcotic analgesic of unusual structure. All of the analgesic activity was attributable to the levorotatory isomer 2b which was approximately three times as potent as morphine in the rat. Removal of one N-methyl group from 2a reduced, but did not abolish, the analgesic activity. However N-allyl analogues were neither agonists nor antagonists. Replacement of one of the phenyls of 2a with a cyclohexyl group yielded an analogue with considerable activity. Structural similarities with derivatives of ethenooripavine are noted.
Electrooptical switching properties of uniform layer tilted surface stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal devices (1987)

Abstract We present calculations of the light intensity transmitted through a ferroelectric liquid crystal light valve with uniformly tilted layers during electrooptical switching. We discuss the switching characteristics of the light valve for different layer tilts and at different applied voltage steps. We also show that the rise and fall times of the light intensity are in general different.
Probabilistic Hazard Detection for Autonomous Safe Landing (2013)

Future generation of landing craft will autonomously look at the surface during the terminal phase of powered descent and then, in real-time, choose and divert to a safe landing site in order to avoid hazards. Enabling technologies for such capability have been under development in recent years in the Autonomous Landing Hazard Avoidance Technology (ALHAT) project funded by NASA's Exploration Technology Development Program. ALHAT is a comprehensive system that spans the approach and landing events - from de-orbit coasting to touchdown. In this paper, we focus on ALHAT's perception task of detecting hazards in the sensed terrain and of selecting candidate safe sites for landing. This task, named Hazard Detection and Avoidance (HDA), occurs in the middle of the landing sequence. Our approach to HDA employs a probabilistic model in order to better manage the ubiquitous uncertainties associated with noisy sensor measurements and navigation. Also, we explicitly take into account the geometry of the lander and its interaction with the surface when assessing hazards. Experimental results on synthetic Lunar-like terrain show that our HDA algorithm can designate safe landing locations for a variety of terrain types and density and abundance of hazards. The complete ALHAT system is undergoing ground field-testing, and is scheduled for additional field tests on a one-hectare, lunar-like, hazard field recently constructed at NASA's Kennedy Space Center (KSC). Although the focus of ALHAT is on autonomous planetary landings, a number of terrestrial applications can also benefit from out HDA system.
Viscous Sealing Glass Development for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (2013)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Results and Discussion Conclusion Acknowledgement
Multicolored Electrochromism in Polymers: Structures and Devices (2004)

A review of electrochromic (EC) polymers and their applications in absorption/transmission, reflective, and patterned electrochromic devices (ECDs) is presented. Fundamental properties of EC materials such as optical contrast, coloration efficiency, switching speed, and stability are described along with the commonly used characterization methods. The origin of electrochromism in conjugated polymers is explained in terms of the electronic structure changes in the backbone upon doping/dedoping. The ability to tailor the EC properties of conjugated polymers and tune their color states via modification of the polymer structure is demonstrated. Multicolor electrochromic materials can be obtained by substitution of a parent polymer and controlled polymerization of comonomers and with blends and laminates of homopolymers. Absorption/transmission-type ECDs from complementarily colored polymers and reflective-type ECDs on metalized substrates are illustrated with several examples from the literature. Finally, several patterning methods that are promising for ECD applications are discussed. Examples of ECDs constructed from patterned electrodes using line-patterning, screen-printing, and metal vapor deposition techniques are investigated for their possible use in commercial applications.
Zone-melting recrystallization with enhanced radiative heating for preparation of subboundary-free silicon-on-insulator thin films (1989)

A new zone-melting-recrystallization (ZMR) configuration with enhanced radiative heating has been developed for preparing silicon-on-insulator (SOI) films. With this configuration, in which the sample is positioned above the movable heater with the SOI film facing downward, subboundary-free 0.5-μm-thick SOI films are obtained over a much wider range of experimental parameters than with the conventional ZMR configuration. The characterization of these films by defect etching, optical microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy shows that the principal defects are isolated threading dislocations with a density of ∼106 cm−2. It should be possible to improve the material quality still further by optimizing experimental conditions for the new configuration.
Topography sensing by polarimetric SAR: theoretical basis and application using orthogonal-pass AIRSAR data (2002)

The authors have recently proposed an algorithm to derive topographical information from polarimetric SAR data. The algorithm is based on empirical comparisons between the terrain local slope angle and the corresponding changes in the relative position of the co-pol polarimetric signature maximum, and was supported by some preliminary theoretical analysis. Also the algorithm has been validated experimentally using data sets acquired over different geographical areas, over different types of natural targets (forest, bare soil) and using different digital elevation models as reference system. This paper presents some theoretical considerations on the scattering mechanisms which underpin the phenomenological aspects of the topography sensing method. A simplified closed form approximation to the relationship between the co-pol maximum shift and the measured covariance matrix elements is introduced. This step highlights the major contributions to the co-pol maximum shift and suggests an interpretation in terms of the azimuthal symmetry properties of the target. Covariance matrices generated from experimental or modelling data can then be used as input variables to establish the relationship between the true and estimated terrain tilt angle. An example of the theoretical analysis relative to the influence of the incidence angle on the estimator error for a slightly rough surface is reported. From the algorithm's application point of view a new technique is finally demonstrated, whereby using two pass orthogonal acquisition data the elevation surface can be generated as a solution of a Poisson type differential equation with only one tie-point.
Anti-Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Antibody Assays in Cerebrospinal Fluid for the Diagnosis of HTLV-1-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (2021)

The anti-human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) antibody assay in common use has changed from the particle agglutination (PA) method to chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) and chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA). These assays were validated in serum but not in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, anti-HTLV-1 antibody positivity in CSF is a requisite for diagnosing HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). We qualitatively compared the assays in CSF from 47 HAM/TSP patients diagnosed using PA, 15 HTLV-1 carriers (HCs), and 18 negative controls. In determining the positivity or negativity of CSF anti-HTLV-1 antibodies, we used serum cutoff points for CLIA and CLEIA because CSF cutoff points had not been decided. Truth table analysis revealed that the performance of CLIA was closer to that of PA and that CLEIA had low sensitivity. CSF antibodies from HAM/TSP patients were all positive by PA and CLIA but 83.0% positive by CLEIA. CSF antibodies from HCs were positive in 73.3%, 80.0%, and 6.7% by PA, CLIA, and CLEIA, respectively. Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis for CSF revealed that with the default cutoff point used for serum, CLIA and PA had comparable performances and CLEIA was less sensitive. The best performances of CLIA and CLEIA with adjusted cutoff points were 94.8% sensitivity and 95.5% specificity and 89.7% sensitivity and 95.5% specificity, respectively. We conclude that low-sensitivity CLEIA can underdiagnose HAM/TSP and that CLIA is a better alternative to PA in anti-HTLV-1 antibody assay for CSF with the current cutoff points.
Autonomous Scanning Probe Microscopy in-situ Tip Conditioning through Machine Learning (2018)

Atomic-scale characterization and manipulation with scanning probe microscopy rely upon the use of an atomically sharp probe. Here we present automated methods based on machine learning to automatically detect and recondition the quality of the probe of a scanning tunneling microscope. As a model system, we employ these techniques on the technologically relevant hydrogen-terminated silicon surface, training the network to recognize abnormalities in the appearance of surface dangling bonds. Of the machine learning methods tested, a convolutional neural network yielded the greatest accuracy, achieving a positive identification of degraded tips in 97% of the test cases. By using multiple points of comparison and majority voting, the accuracy of the method is improved beyond 99%.
Position, Orientation and Velocity Detection of Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs) Using an Optical Detector Array (2017)

This paper presents a proof-of-concept optical detector array sensor system to be used in Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (UUV) navigation. The performance of the developed optical detector array was evaluated for its capability to estimate the position, orientation and forward velocity of UUVs with respect to a light source fixed in underwater. The evaluations were conducted through Monte Carlo simulations and empirical tests under a variety of motion configurations. Monte Carlo simulations also evaluated the system total propagated uncertainty (TPU) by taking into account variations in the water column turbidity, temperature and hardware noise that may degrade the system performance. Empirical tests were conducted to estimate UUV position and velocity during its navigation to a light beacon. Monte Carlo simulation and empirical results support the use of the detector array system for optics based position feedback for UUV positioning applications.