gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nucleotide sequence of RNA2 of Lettuce big-vein virus and evidence for a possible transcription termination/initiation strategy similar to that of rhabdoviruses (2004)

Lettuce big-vein virus (LBVV) is the type species of the genus Varicosavirus and is a two-segmented negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus. The larger LBVV genome segment (RNA1) consists of 6797 nt and encodes an L polymerase that resembles that of rhabdoviruses. Here, the nucleotide sequence of the second LBVV genome segment (RNA2) is reported. LBVV RNA2 consisted of 6081 nt and contained antisense information for five major ORFs: ORF1 (nt 210-1403 on the viral RNA), ORF2 (nt 1493-2494), ORF3 (nt 2617-3489), ORF4 (nt 3843-4337) and ORF5 (nt 4530-5636), which had coding capacities of 44, 36, 32, 19 and 41 kDa, respectively. The gene at the 3' end of the viral RNA encoded a coat protein, while the other four genes encoded proteins of unknown functions. The 3'-terminal 11 nt of LBVV RNA2 were identical to those of LBVV RNA1, and the 5'-terminal regions of LBVV RNA1 and RNA2 contained a long common nucleotide stretch of about 100 nt. Northern blot analysis using probes specific to the individual ORFs revealed that LBVV transcribes monocistronic RNAs. Analysis of the terminal sequences, and primer extension and RNase H digestion analysis of LBVV mRNAs, suggested that LBVV utilizes a transcription termination/initiation strategy comparable with that of rhabdoviruses.
Human conjunctival mast cell responses in vitro to various secretagogues (1996)

Human conjunctiva was enzymatically digested into monodispersed cell preparations using collagenase and hyaluronidase. The preparations were enriched for mast cells using Percoll gradient centrifugation prior to challenge with various secretagogues. Mast cell percentage (9.7 ± 2.9%) and viability (96 ± 3%) were determined using toluidine blue staining and vital dye exclusion, respectively. The mast cell enriched preparations were challenged with calcium ionophore A(23187') compound 48/80, concanavalin A, anti-IgE, morphine and substance P. Mediator release was quantified by radioimmunoassay. The calcium ionophore A(23187), compound 48/80, concanavalin A and anti-IgE stimulated histamine release from the conjunctival mast cell preparations, with EC(30) values of 0.028, 62.5, 24.4 and 1.9 ϵg/ml, respectively. Morphine but not substance P challenge induced significant but low levels of histamine release. Tryptase, sulfidopeptide leukotriene, and prostaglandin D(2) levels in cell supernatants were also increased following stimulation. The profile of mediator release observed with these cells compared to that reported from human lung and human skin mast cells suggest that human conjunctival mast cells may have unique biological responses.
Can recombinant technology address asparaginase <i>Erwinia chrysanthemi</i> shortages? (2021)

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer. Bacterial L-asparaginase has played an important role in ALL treatment for several decades; however, hypersensitivity reactions to Escherichia coli-derived asparaginases often preclude their use. Inability to receive asparaginase due to hypersensitivities is associated with poor patient outcomes. Erwinia chrysanthemi-derived asparaginase (ERW) is an effective, non-cross-reactive treatment option, but is limited in supply. Consequently, alternative asparaginase preparations are needed to ensure asparaginase availability for patients with hypersensitivities. Recombinant technology can potentially address this unmet need by programming cells to produce recombinant asparaginase. JZP-458, a recombinant Erwinia asparaginase derived from a novel Pseudomonas fluorescens expression platform with no immunologic cross-reactivity to E. coli-derived asparaginases, has the same primary amino acid sequence as ERW, with comparable activity based on in vitro measurements. The efficient manufacturing of JZP-458 would provide an additional asparaginase preparation for patients with hypersensitivities.
Variable Ventilation as a Diagnostic Tool for the Injured Lung (2014)

Mechanical ventilation of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a necessary life support measure which may lead to ventilator-induced lung injury, a complication that can be reduced or ameliorated by using appropriate tidal volumes and positive end-expiratory pressures. However, the optimal mechanical ventilation parameters are almost certainly different for each patient, and will vary with time as the injury status of the lung changes. In order to optimize mechanical ventilation in an individual ARDS patient, therefore, it is necessary to track the manner in which injury status is reflected in the mechanical properties of the lungs. Accordingly, we developed an algorithm for assessing the time-dependent manner in which different lung regions open (recruit) and close (derecruit) as a function of the pressure waveform that is applied to the airways during mechanical ventilation. We used this algorithm to test the notion that variable ventilation provides the dynamic perturbations in lung volume necessary to accurately identify recruitment/derecruitment dynamics in the injured lung. We performed this test on synthetic pressure and flow data generated with established numerical models of lung function corresponding to both healthy mice and mice with lung injury. The data were generated by subjecting the models to a variety of mechanical ventilation regimens including variable ventilation. Our results support the hypothesis that variable ventilation can be used as a diagnostic tool to identify the injury status of the lung in ARDS.
Novel vectors for<i>in vivo</i>gene delivery to vascular tissue (2007)

Although some success has been achieved with gene delivery in animal models of vascular disorders, the results from some clinical trials have been less promising, possibly due, in part, to the use of suboptimal vectors for in vivo gene transfer. Non-viral vectors have a very low transfection efficiency so are largely unsuitable for most in vivo applications, and the relatively broad tropism of many of the commonly used viral vectors can limit efficient gene delivery specifically to target vascular tissues. However, characterisation of novel virus serotypes and advances in techniques that enable vectors to be targeted to the required tissue have led to progress in the development of novel vectors that could be utilised for gene delivery for vascular disorders.
Development of a Halide‐Free Aluminium‐Based Catalyst for the Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates from Epoxides and Carbon Dioxide (2014)

Kinetic studies of the synthesis of glycerol carbonate from glycidol and carbon dioxide have been carried out. These showed that under suitable reaction conditions, bimetallic aluminium(salen) complex 4 is able to catalyse the conversion of epoxides into the corresponding cyclic carbonates without the need for a co-catalyst.
Return-limited inductances: a practical approach to on-chip inductance extraction (2003)

This paper proposes a practical approach for extracting approximate inductances of on-chip interconnect. This approach, which we call the method of return-limited inductances, is based on performing the inductance modeling of signal lines and power-ground lines independently and on taking advantage of the power-ground distribution of the chip to localize inductive coupling. Results from representative on-chip interconnect examples demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of this approach over other sparsification techniques.
206-channel chirped-pulse wavelength-division multiplexedtransmitter (1997)

The authors demonstrate a record 206-channel wavelength-division multiplexed transmitter, using a single femtosecond laser at 1.55 µm and a single time-division multiplexed electroabsorption modulator. The channel spacing is ~37 GHz (0.3 nm), and the bit rate in each channel is 36.7 Mbit/s.
An alternatively spliced form of HLA-G mRNA in human trophoblasts and evidence for the presence of HLA-G transcript in adult lymphocytes. (1994)

The HLA-G monomorphic, nonclassical class I gene encodes the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule, which is the only MHC antigen expressed on cytotrophoblast cells of placenta. In this work, we have investigated expression of the HLA-G gene in fetal tissues and adult peripheral blood cells by using a sensitive hot-start reverse transcriptase PCR technique. PCR amplification with HLA-G primers specific for exon 3 has enabled us to demonstrate an alternatively spliced form of HLA-G mRNA present in fetal first trimester trophoblasts and lacking exon 4 (HLA-G.3-5). This low abundance transcript (approximately 1:200) in comparison to full-length mRNA may encode the protein that excludes the alpha 3 domain and by conformational changes may present a different ability to bind to peptides. Moreover, expression of the HLA-G transcript was found in adult peripheral lymphocytes and equally in B- and T-cell populations. These results are discussed in the context of the fetal-maternal relationship presented by HLA-G gene products.
Extraction Chromatography: Progress and Opportunities (1999)

Extraction chromatography provides a simple and effective method for the analytical and preparative-scale separation of a variety of metal ions. Recent advances in extractant design, particularly the development of extractants capable of metal ion recognition or of strong complex formation in highly acidic media, have significantly improved the utility of the technique. Advances in support design, most notably the introduction of functionalized supports to enhance metal ion retention, promise to yield further improvements. Column instability remains a significant obstacle, however, to the process-scale application of extraction chromatography.
Interactive image search by 2D semantic map (2010)

In this demo, we present a novel interactive image search system, image search by 2D semantic map. This system enables users to indicate what semantic concepts are expected to appear and even how these concepts are spatially distributed in the desired images. To this end, we design an intuitive interface for users to formulate a query in the form of 2D semantic map, called concept map, by typing textual queries in a blank canvas. In the ranking process, by interpreting each textual concept as a set of representative visual instances, the concept map query is translated into a visual instance map, which is then used for comparison with the images in the database. Besides, in this demo, we also show an image search system with a simplest semantic map, a 2D color map, where the concepts are limited from the colors.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF S‐TRIAZOLO(3,4‐B)BENZOTHIAZOLES (1975)

Abstract o‐Chlor‐isothiocyanate (I) reagieren mit den Acylhydraziden (II) über die Addukte (III) mit wäßrigem Alkali zu den Mercapto‐triazolen (IV), die mit NaH/DMF zu den Triazolobenzothiazolen (V) cyclisiert werden können.
Talbot lithography: Self-imaging of complex structures (2009)

The authors present a self-imaging lithographic technique, capable of patterning large area periodic structures of arbitrary content with nanoscale resolution. They start from the original concept of Talbot imaging of binary gratings—and introduce the generalized Talbot imaging (GTI) where periodic structures of arbitrary shape and content form high-definition self-images. This effect can be used to create the complex, periodic patterns needed in the many lithographic fabrication steps of modern semiconductor devices. Since the process is diffraction limited, the achievable resolution depends only on the wavelength, mask patterning, and degree of coherence of the source. Their approach removes all the complex extreme ultraviolet (EUV) reflective masks and optics, replacing them with nanopatterned transmission masks and makes the whole process simple and cost effective. They have successfully verified the GTI concept using first a He–Ne laser, and then demonstrated its potential as a nanolithography method using a compact table-top soft x-ray (EUV) 46.9nm laser source. These sources provide the high degree of coherence needed by diffraction-based imaging and are extendable to shorter wavelengths. They have recorded EUV GTI images up to the sixth Talbot plane, with consistent high quality good results, clearly demonstrating the ability of the GTI method to record high-resolution patterns at large distances.
Experimental Study of a Jet-Driven Helmholtz Oscillator (1979)

This paper describes an experimental study of a Helmholtz resonator driven by a round jet passing through it. This device, dubbed the jet-driven Helmholtz oscillator (JDHO), is a rigid chamber with two round openings located coaxially in two opposite walls, through which a jet is allowed to pass across the chamber. At certain jet velocities, jet instabilities couple with the Helmholtz resonance to produce very powerful chamber-pressure oscillations at a frequency slightly higher than the chamber Helmholtz frequency. The amplitude of these pressure oscillations may reach values of up to 5.6 times the jet dynamic pressure. Simultaneously, the exiting flow pulsates at the same frequency with an amplitude of up to 60 percent of the exit jet velocity, and a loud sound is emitted. The thrust of the present study was twofold: to determine the optimum range of geometrical parameters producing the maximum magnitudes, and to identify the mechanisms underlying the oscillator operation.
P‐1: Peripherally Crystallized Polycrystalline Silicon (PCP) for Thin‐Film Transistors (2005)

Abstract Metal‐induced peripheral crystallization is proposed and demonstrated as an alternative scheme based on the general technique of metal‐induced lateral crystallization of amorphous silicon. Compared to the scheme of unilateral crystallization, peripheral crystallization requires a shorter process time and reduced masking step. Compared to the scheme of self‐aligned bilateral crystallization, it largely retains the better material and device properties of unilateral crystallization.
Discriminative utterance verification for connected digits recognition (1997)

Utterance verification represents an important technology in the design of user-friendly speech recognition systems. It involves the recognition of keyword strings and the rejection of nonkeyword strings. This paper describes a hidden Markov model-based (HMM-based) utterance verification system using the framework of statistical hypothesis testing. The two major issues on how to design keyword and string scoring criteria are addressed. For keyword verification, different alternative hypotheses are proposed based on the scores of antikeyword models and a general acoustic filler model. For string verification, different measures are proposed with the objective of detecting nonvocabulary word strings and possibly erroneous strings (so-called putative errors). This paper also motivates the need for discriminative hypothesis testing in verification. One such approach based on minimum classification error training is investigated in detail. When the proposed verification technique was integrated into a state-of-the-art connected digit recognition system, the string error rate for valid digit strings was found to decrease by 57% when setting the rejection rate to 5%. Furthermore, the system was able to correctly reject over 99.9% of nonvocabulary word strings.
<title>Semiactive field-controllable magneto-rheological fluid dampers for mountain bicycles</title> (2000)

This paper presents the development and evaluation of field- controllable, semi-active magneto-rheological fluid (MRF) shock absorbers for a mountain bicycle. Recent trends in the bicycle industry show a movement towards semi-active suspension systems. Two new MRF dampers are designed and tested with the intent of being used on the front and rear suspension of a modern mountain bicycle. The MRF shock absorbers are designed to emulate the performance of the original equipment manufacturer shock absorbers in passive mode. Application of an input electric current to the MRF shock absorber causes a dramatic increase in the damping capacity. Procedures and results are presented for the design and experimental characterization of these MRF dampers.
Polar Codes for Fast Fading Channel: Design Based on Polar Spectrum (2020)

As the first class of constructive channel codes achieving the symmetric capacity of the binary-input discrete memoryless channels, polar codes have been extended to the fading channel. But most constructions of polar codes in fading channel are only suitable for the Rayleigh fading and involve complex iterative-calculation. In this paper, we establish a systematic framework in term of the polar spectrum to analyze and construct polar codes in various fast fading channels, such as Rician, Rayleigh and Nakagami channels. In these three fading channels, by using the polar spectrum, we derive the upper bound of the error probability of the polarized channel and that of block error rate of polar codes. The analysis based on the polar spectrum explicitly reveals the relationship between the diversity order and the codeword weight. Furthermore, we propose two construction metrics, named logarithmic upper-bound weight (LUW) and minimum-weight LUW (MLUW) respectively, to design the polar codes in fast fading channels. These two constructions are simple with a linear complexity and explicit for the practical implementation. In addition, for various fading channels, they can construct polar codes with similar or better performance over those based on traditional methods.
Preparation and Characterization of Nanoparticles Shelled with Chitosan for Oral Insulin Delivery (2006)

Nanoparticles (NPs) composed of chitosan (CS) and poly(gamma-glutamic acid) (gamma-PGA) were prepared by a simple ionic-gelation method for oral insulin delivery. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra indicated that CS and gamma-PGA were ionized at pH 2.5-6.6, while X-ray diffractograms demonstrated that the crystal structure of CS was disrupted after it was combined with gamma-PGA. The diameters of the prepared NPs were in the range of 110-150 nm with a negative or positive surface charge, depending on the relative concentrations of CS to gamma-PGA used. The NPs with a positive surface charge (or shelled with CS) could transiently open the tight junctions between Caco-2 cells and thus increased the paracellular permeability. After loading of insulin, the NPs remained spherical and the insulin release profiles were significantly affected by their stability in distinct pH environments. The in vivo results clearly indicated that the insulin-loaded NPs could effectively reduce the blood glucose level in a diabetic rat model.
Measurements of attenuation and backscattering in trabecular bones over a large frequency range (2001)

In order to understand the propagation of ultrasound through trabecular bones, measurements of attenuation and backscattering coefficients were performed. Attenuation was measured on 14 human calcanei, over a large frequency bandwidth (0.2–1.7 MHz). The experimental attenuation coefficient values were modeled with a nonlinear power fit α(f)=a0+a1fn. The attenuation coefficient was found to increase as f1.09±0.3. A highly significant relationship was noted between a1 and BMD. No correlation was found between n and BMD. The backscatter coefficient was measured in 19 bones specimen in the frequency range 0.4–1.2 MHz. The experimental frequency dependence was found to be f3.4±0.3. A twofold theoretical approach was then adopted. The analytical model of Faran for spherical and cylindrical elastic cylinders showed a qualitative agreement with experimental data. A better agreement was found with a weak scattering medium model, where the backscatter coefficient is related to the autocorrelation function of the propagating medium. These results first open interesting prospects for the investigation of the influence of bone microarchitecture on ultrasonic scattering; second it seems to indicate that scattering is not the main mechanism of ultrasonic attenuation, because of the two different frequency dependencies, as confirmed by a numerical fit (absorption + scattering).
Active load reduction using individual pitch, based on local blade flow measurements (2004)

Abstract A new load‐reducing control strategy for individual blade control of large pitch‐controlled wind turbines is presented. This control concept is based on local blade inflow measurements and offers the possibility of larger load reductions, without loss of power production, than seen in other state‐of‐the‐art load‐reducing concepts. Since the new flow‐based concept deviates significantly from previous published load‐reducing strategies, a comparison of the performance based on aeroelastic simulations is included. Advantages and drawbacks of the systems are discussed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Protecting RSA against Fault Attacks: The Embedding Method (2009)

Fault attacks constitute a major threat toward cryptographic products supporting RSA-based technologies. Most often, the public exponent is unknown, turning resistance to fault attacks into an intricate problem. Over the past few years, several techniques for secure implementations have been published, but none of them is fully satisfactory. We propose a completely different approach by embedding the public exponent into [the description of] the private key. As a result, we obtain a very efficient countermeasure with a 100% fault detection.
Imaging of the retinal nerve fibre layer with spectral domain optical coherence tomography for glaucoma diagnosis (2010)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) techniques have been applied to develop a new generation of the technology, called spectral domain (SD) or Fourier domain (FD) OCT. The commercially available SD-OCT technology offers benefits over the conventional time domain (TD) OCT such as a scanning speed up to 200 times faster and higher axial resolution (3 to 6 μm). Overall, SD-OCT offers improved performance in terms of reproducibility. SD-OCT has a level of discriminating capability, between healthy and perimetric glaucoma eyes similar to that obtained with TD-OCT. Furthermore, the capabilities and features of SD-OCT are rapidly evolving, mainly due to three-dimensional imaging and image rendering. More sophisticated approaches for macular and optic disc assessment are expected to be employed in clinical practice. Analysis software should be further refined for interpretation of SD-OCT images in order to enhance the sensitivity and specificity of glaucoma diagnostics. Most importantly for SD-OCT is determination of its ability to diagnostic structural glaucomatous progression. Considering the recent launch time of the commercially available SD-OCT and slow progressing characteristic of glaucoma, we must wait for longitudinal SD-OCT data, with a long enough follow-up, to become available.
Enhanced CO Tolerance for Hydrogen Activation in Au−Pt Dendritic Heteroaggregate Nanostructures (2006)

Au-Pt heteroaggregate nanostructures were prepared by sequential reduction methods. The structures have approximately 11 nm Au cores with Pt "tendrils" attached to the Au surface. The heteroaggregates are active H2 oxidation catalysts and show high activity at 90 degrees C in the presence of 1000 ppm CO. The surprising CO-tolerant behavior arises from the composition and unusual architecture of the particles.
Derivation of dimensional and material requirements for propagation and processing of temporal optical solitons in planar geometry channel waveguides: erratum (1998)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Anca L. Sala, Mirko G. Mirkov, Brian G. Bagley, and Robert T. Deck, "Derivation of dimensional and material requirements for propagation and processing of temporal optical solitons in planar geometry channel waveguides: erratum," Appl. Opt. 37, 1626-1626 (1998) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article