gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Postoperative pressure elevation (1992)

Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery: January 1992 - Volume 18 - Issue 1 - p 1 doi: 10.1016/S0886-3350(13)80375-6
Suppression of RND3 activity by AES downregulation promotes cancer cell proliferation and invasion (2013)

Amino-terminal enhancer of split (AES) is a member of the Groucho/TLE family. Although it has no DNA-binding site, AES can regulate transcriptional activity by interacting with transcriptional factors. Emerging evidence indicates that AES may play an important role in tumor metastasis, but the molecular mechanism is still poorly understood. In this study, we found that knockdown of AES by RNA interference (RNAi) downregulated RND3 expression at the mRNA and protein levels in MDA-MB-231 and HepG2, two cancer cell lines. Furthermore, luciferase assays showed that overexpression of AES significantly enhanced RND3 promoter activity. Moreover, inhibition of AES both in MDA-MB-231 and HepG2 cells by RNAi significantly promoted cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and invasion, consistent with the effects of RNAi-mediated RND3 knockdown in these cells. For the first time, data are presented showing that alteration of the malignant behavior of cancer cells by AES is related to RND3 regulation, and these findings also provide new insights into the mechanism of AES action in regulating tumor malignancy.
How can plant genetic engineering contribute to cost-effective fish vaccine development for promoting sustainable aquaculture? (2013)

Aquaculture, the fastest growing food-producing sector, now accounts for nearly 50 % of the world's food fish (FAO in The state of world fisheries and aquaculture. FAO, Rome, 2010). The global aquaculture production of food fish reached 62.7 million tonnes in 2011 and is continuously increasing with an estimated production of food fish of 66.5 million tonnes in 2012 (a 9.4 % increase in 1 year, FAO, www.fao.org/fishery/topic/16140 ). Aquaculture is not only important for sustainable protein-based food fish production but also for the aquaculture industry and economy worldwide. Disease prevention is the key issue to maintain a sustainable development of aquaculture. Widespread use of antibiotics in aquaculture has led to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the accumulation of antibiotics in the environment, resulting in water and soil pollution. Thus, vaccination is the most effective and environmentally-friendly approach to combat diseases in aquaculture to manage fish health. Furthermore, when compared to >760 vaccines against human diseases, there are only about 30 fish vaccines commercially available, suggesting the urgent need for development and cost-effective production of fish vaccines for managing fish health, especially in the fast growing fish farming in Asia where profit is minimal and therefore given high priority. Plant genetic engineering has made significant contributions to production of biotech crops for food, feed, valuable recombinant proteins etc. in the past three decades. The use of plants for vaccine production offers several advantages such as low cost, safety and easy scaling up. To date a large number of plant-derived vaccines, antibodies and therapeutic proteins have been produced for human health, of which a few have been made commercially available. However, the development of animal vaccines in plants, especially fish vaccines by genetic engineering, has not yet been addressed. Therefore, there is a need to exploit plant biotechnology for cost effective fish vaccine development in plants, in particular, edible crops for oral fish vaccines. This review provides insight into (1) the current status of fish vaccine and vaccination in aquaculture, (2) plant biotechnology and edible crops for fish vaccines for oral administration, (3) regulatory constraints and (4) conclusions and future perspectives.
Transabdominal chorionic villus sampling (CVS) for prenatal diagnosis of genetic disorders. (2006)

Transabdominal CVS is a useful outdoor procedure for prenatal diagnosis. Placentae in almost any position can be approached without significant risk to the mother and the fetus.
Purification, characterization and molecular cloning of trichoanguin, a novel type I ribosome-inactivating protein from the seeds of Trichosanthes anguina (1999)

The seeds of the plant Trichosanthes anguina contain a type I ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP), designated trichoanguin, which was purified to apparent homogeneity by the combined use of ion-exchange chromatographies, i.e. first with DE-52 cellulose and then with CM-52 cellulose. The protein was found to be a glycoprotein with a molecular mass of 35 kDa and a pI of 9.1. It strongly inhibits the protein synthesis of rabbit reticulocyte lysate, with an IC50 of 0.08 nM, but only weakly that of HeLa cells, with an IC50 of 6 microM. Trichoanguin cleaves at the A4324 site of rat 28 S rRNA by its N-glycosidase activity. The cDNA of trichoanguin consists of 1039 nt and encodes an open reading frame coding for a polypeptide of 294 amino acid residues. The first 19 residues of this polypeptide encode a signal peptide sequence and the last 30 residues comprise an extension at its C-terminus. There are four potential glycosylation sites, located at Asn-51, Asn-65, Asn-201 and Asn-226. A comparison of the amino acid sequence of trichoanguin with those of RIPs such as trichosanthin, alpha-momorcharin, ricin A-chain and abrin A-chain reveals 55%, 48%, 36% and 34% identity respectively. Molecular homology modelling of trichoanguin indicates that its tertiary structure closely resembles those of trichosanthin and alpha-momorcharin. The large structural similarities might account for their common biological effects such as an abortifacient, an anti-tumour agent and anti-HIV-1 activities. Trichoanguin contains two cysteine residues, Cys-32 and Cys-155, with the former being likely to be located on the protein surface, which is directly amenable for conjugation with antibodies to form immunoconjugates. It is therefore conceivable that trichoanguin might be a better type I RIP than any other so far examined for the preparation of immunotoxins, with a great potential for application as an effective chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of cancer.
Audio Codec Enhancement with Generative Adversarial Networks (2020)

Audio codecs are typically transform-domain based and efficiently code stationary audio signals, but they struggle with speech and signals containing dense transient events such as applause. Specifically, with these two classes of signals as examples, we demonstrate a technique for restoring audio from coding noise based on generative adversarial networks (GAN). A primary advantage of the proposed GAN-based coded audio enhancer is that the method operates end-to-end directly on decoded audio samples, eliminating the need to design any manually-crafted frontend. Furthermore, the enhancement approach described in this paper can improve the sound quality of low-bit rate coded audio without any modifications to the existent standard-compliant encoders. Subjective tests illustrate that the proposed enhancer improves the quality of speech and difficult to code applause excerpts significantly.
Metal-Organic Frameworks as Chemical Sensors (2015)

Chemical sensing is of critical importance in today's society in a variety of applications from medicine to environmental pollution control, and from food safety monitoring to the detection of illicit substances and chemical weapons. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown tremendous promise as a new class of chemical sensor materials that could be integrated into future devices. MOFs are microporous crystalline materials with infinite, periodic structures composed of organic ‘linkers’ connected to metal ‘nodes’. Their architectures can be fine-tuned by synthetic design for task-specific purposes: as chemical sensors, MOFs can be designed to interact with specific target analytes. Interest in MOFs as chemical sensors has grown significantly over the last decade, particularly given the increasing number of examples of luminescent lanthanide-based MOFs, and MOFs that display mechanochemical responses to external stimuli. In this chapter, we discuss some of the fundamental properties required to prepare MOFs for chemical sensing. We then present an extensive review of recent research in this area, showing how MOFs have been applied in a wide range of applications, including sensing of anions, cations, small organic molecules, biomolecules, as well as changes in physical conditions such as temperature and pH.
True Mass Flowmeter—A Mass Flowmeter for Nonsteady-State Two-Phase Flow (1983)

A measuring device for measuring the mass flow of nonsteady-state two-phase flows has been developed based on the principle of rotating flow machines. Two versions of the device [true mass flowmeter (TMFM) 2.5 with a measuring range of 2.5 kg/s, and TMFM 50 with a measuring range of 50 kg/s] were used to study the measuring accuracy and the field use of the system. While the measurement errors of TMFM 2.5 are within ±2.2% of the maximum flow, it is possible with the TMFM 50 to reduce the measuring error to ±1.5% (quality x<l%) and ±0.5% (quality ≥ 1%). This implies that the accuracy in measuring two-phase mass flow is practically identical with that obtained in single-phase flow by familiar standard measuring techniques.
Breg Cells Are Numerically Decreased and Functionally Impaired in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis (2015)

This is the first study to demonstrate that Breg cells are phenotypically and functionally impaired in patients with SSc. Furthermore, in SSc, B cells exhibit impaired p38 MAPK and STAT-3 activation upon stimulation with BCR and TLR-9. The findings of decreased numbers of Breg cells along with increased expression of CD19 support the idea of B cell autoaggression acting as an immunopathogenic mediator in SSc.
Why Stem Cells? (2000)

Stem cells are viewed from the perspectives of their function, evolution, development, and cause. Counterintuitively, most stem cells may arise late in development, to act principally in tissue renewal, thus ensuring an organism's long-term survival. Surprisingly, recent reports suggest that tissue-specific adult stem cells have the potential to contribute to replenishment of multiple adult tissues.
Melody Extraction From Polyphonic Music Signals Using Pitch Contour Characteristics (2012)

We present a novel system for the automatic extraction of the main melody from polyphonic music recordings. Our approach is based on the creation and characterization of pitch contours, time continuous sequences of pitch candidates grouped using auditory streaming cues. We define a set of contour characteristics and show that by studying their distributions we can devise rules to distinguish between melodic and non-melodic contours. This leads to the development of new voicing detection, octave error minimization and melody selection techniques. A comparative evaluation of the proposed approach shows that it outperforms current state-of-the-art melody extraction systems in terms of overall accuracy. Further evaluation of the algorithm is provided in the form of a qualitative error analysis and the study of the effect of key parameters and algorithmic components on system performance. Finally, we conduct a glass ceiling analysis to study the current limitations of the method, and possible directions for future work are proposed.
Proteomic profiling of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma with magnetic bead-based matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (2011)

Proteomic techniques are promising strategies in the surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to investigate the serum profiling with magnetic bead (MB) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) and to further identify the biomarkers for HCC. Serum samples from 80 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, 94 HCC concomitant with HBV patients and 24 healthy subjects were examined by MALDI-TOF MS after peptide enrichment on MBs. Based on the genetic algorithm, diagnostic models for HCC were established between 30 HCC patients and 24 healthy subjects/30 CHB patients. Validations were done with the remaining cases. Markers in the models were identified through liquid chromatography (LC)/MS-MS. The three groups were well separated from each other and two discrimination models were established for HCC. The overall recognition capability of these two models was 96.25% and 93.33%, respectively. Validations showed the misdiagnosis ratio for HCC was 1.6% and 23.4%, respectively. The identified biomarkers for HCC included prothrombin precursor (fragment), calcium-dependent secretion activator 1, Baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis repeat-containing protein 6, etc. MB-based MALDI-TOF MS is applicable in identifying the serum biomarkers and can be used in the surveillance of HCC among HBV-infected patients.
2'-O-Methoxyethyl/2'-Fluoro Modified Oligonucleotides Result in More Potent Inhibition of micro RNA-122 in Vivo: A Target implicatedin HCV Replication (2008)

MicroRNAs are endogenous 20-24 nt small non-codingRNAs that have profound roles in multiple developmental and cellular processes. Dysregulation of microRNAs can lead to a host of pathologies suggesting that microRNAs could be important for therapeutic intervention in cancer, metabolic diseases, autoimmune disorders and viral diseases. Through recent studies,mir-122 has emerged as a potential target for metabolic diseases and HCY. Chemical modifications are essential to achieve clinically relevant potency and efficacy andtherapeutic index of anti-miRNA oligonucleotides. Wehave evaluated more than 65 chemically-modified ASOs for their ability to inhibit the activity of miR-122 inmice. Inhibition of miR-122 with ASOs resulted inincreased levels of miR-122 target gene mRNAs in theliver, as well as lowering of plasma cholesterol in a dose dependant manner. The current investigation led to the identification of a chimeric 2′Fluoro/2′-O-methoxyethyI(2'OME) modified motif with improved efficacy and 5-10 fold improvement in potency compared to LNA/DNAmodified and uniform 2′-MOE-PS compounds. Theseefforts have identified significantly improved anti-miR-122 ASOs for further evaluation as anti-HCV therapeutic agents.
A comparative study of simulation software for modeling stability operations (2012)

There are several software tools available for modeling combat and social phenomena. With more emphasis being shifted to the study of Irregular Warfare from Traditional Warfare it is important to evaluate current combat models to see if they can effectively model the complex situations that are faced by today's war fighters. This study evaluates three simulation software products: Map Aware Non-uniform Automata (MANA), Pythagoras, and NetLogo. An attempt to model a civil violence scenario and a segregation scenario is made using each software model. Then each system is evaluated for ease of use and functionality for modeling stability operations.
Basic Cyber Hygiene: Does It Work? (2019)

A number of security certifications for small- and medium-size enterprises have been proposed, but how effective are these schemes? We evaluated the effectiveness of Cyber Essentials and found that its security controls work well to mitigate threats that exploit vulnerabilities remotely with commodity-level tools.
Lack of CD80 expression by fibroblast-like synoviocytes leading to anergy in T lymphocytes (2000)

It is possible that T cells within the synovium may be anergized by contact with HLA-DR+ CD80- FLS.
Lead Fracture in Cephalic Versus Subclavian Approach with Transvenous Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Systems (1996)

Lead fracture, occurring in approximately 1%-4% of patients, is an infrequent, but potentially catastrophic complication of permanent pacing systems. Its incidence in transvenous defibrillator systems has not been established. We analyzed data from 757 patients undergoing implantation of transvenous cardioverter defibrillator systems using the Medtronic Transvene Lead system between October 20, 1989 and June 25, 1992 to determine if site of venous approach influenced incidence of lead fracture. All patients received a 3-lead system in 1 of 3 configurations: (1) right ventricle/superior vena cava/subcutaneous patch; (2) right ventricle/coronary sinus/subcutaneous patch; or (3) right ventricle/superior vena cava/coronary sinus. Of 767 right ventricular leads placed, 523 were placed via the subclavian vein, 221 via cephalic vein, and 18 via the internal jugular (5 leads were implanted using another vein). The total number of leads is greater than the total number of patients, as five patients received a second defibrillator system if the initial system was explanted and reimplanted for any reason. Seven patients (0.9%) had right ventricular lead fracture, presenting with inappropriate defibrillator shocks (1), loss of pacing ability (3), both loss of pacing ability and inappropriate shocks (1), or increased pacing threshold (2). All patients required reoperation. All had leads placed by the subclavian venous approach, with chest X ray confirming fracture at the clavicle-first rib junction in 6 of 7 cases. Using Fisher's Exact test, the difference in lead fracture between subclavian and cephalic vein implant approached statistical significance (P = 0.08). The trend toward increased lead fracture incidence with leads placed via subclavian vein suggests that cephalic vein approach may be preferable to avoid this complication.
반도체 : 급속 열처리가 a-IGZO 박막의 전도에 미치는 영향 (2016)

The conduction behavior and electron concentration change in a-IGZO thin-films according to the RTA (rapid thermal annealing) were studied. The electrical characteristics of TFTs (thin-film-transistors) annealed by different temperatures were measured. The sheet resistance, electron concentration, and oxygen vacancy of a-IGZO film were measured by the four-point-probe-measurement, hall-effect-measurement, and XPS analysis. The RTA process increased the driving current of IGZO TFTs but the VTH shifted to the negative direction at the same time. When the RTA temperature is higher than 250℃, the leakage current at off-state increased significantly. This is attributed to the increase of oxygen vacancy resulting in the increase of electron concentration. We demonstrate that the RTA is a promising process to adjust the VTH of TFT because the RTA process can easily modify the electron concentration and control the conductivity of IGZO film with short process time.
PATACSDB—the database of polyA translational attenuators in coding sequences (2016)

Recent additions to the repertoire of gene expression regulatory mechanisms are polyadenylate (polyA) tracks encoding for poly-lysine runs in protein sequences. Such tracks stall the translation apparatus and induce frameshifting independently of the effects of charged nascent poly-lysine sequence on the ribosome exit channel. As such, they substantially influence the stability of mRNA and the amount of protein produced from a given transcript. Single base changes in these regions are enough to exert a measurable response on both protein and mRNA abundance; this makes each of these sequences a potentially interesting case study for the effects of synonymous mutation, gene dosage balance and natural frameshifting. Here we present PATACSDB, a resource that contain a comprehensive list of polyA tracks from over 250 eukaryotic genomes. Our data is based on the Ensembl genomic database of coding sequences and filtered with algorithm of 12A-1 which selects sequences of polyA tracks with a minimal length of 12 A’s allowing for one mismatched base. The PATACSDB database is accessible at: http://sysbio.ibb.waw.pl/patacsdb . The source code is available at http://github.com/habich/PATACSDB , and it includes the scripts with which the database can be recreated.
Dynamic Modulation of HIV-1 Integrase Structure and Function by Cellular Lens Epithelium-derived Growth Factor (LEDGF) Protein (2008)

The mandatory integration of the reverse-transcribed HIV-1 genome into host chromatin is catalyzed by the viral protein integrase (IN), and IN activity can be regulated by numerous viral and cellular proteins. Among these, LEDGF has been identified as a cellular cofactor critical for effective HIV-1 integration. The x-ray crystal structure of the catalytic core domain (CCD) of IN in complex with the IN binding domain (IBD) of LEDGF has furthermore revealed essential protein-protein contacts. However, mutagenic studies indicated that interactions between the full-length proteins were more extensive than the contacts observed in the co-crystal structure of the isolated domains. Therefore, we have conducted detailed biochemical characterization of the interactions between full-length IN and LEDGF. Our results reveal a highly dynamic nature of IN subunit-subunit interactions. LEDGF strongly stabilized these interactions and promoted IN tetramerization. Mass spectrometric protein footprinting and molecular modeling experiments uncovered novel intra- and inter-protein-protein contacts in the full-length IN-LEDGF complex that lay outside of the observable IBD-CCD structure. In particular, our studies defined the IN tetramer interface important for enzymatic activities and high affinity LEDGF binding. These findings provide new insight into how LEDGF modulates HIV-1 IN structure and function, and highlight the potential for exploiting the highly dynamic structure of multimeric IN as a novel therapeutic target.
Interferon-λ Is Functionally an Interferon but Structurally Related to the Interleukin-10 Family (2009)

Interferon-lambda (IFN-lambda) is an antiviral cytokine that signals through a distinct receptor complex, composed of the IFN-lambdaR1 and interleukin-10R2 (IL-10R2) receptor chains. We have determined the crystal structure of human IFN-lambda3 and characterized the interaction with its receptor complex through structure-based site-directed mutagenesis. The ability of IFN-lambda3 mutants to signal was determined by measuring the antiviral activity and induced STAT2 phosphorylation. In conclusion, our data show that, although IFN-lambda is functionally an interferon, it is clearly structurally related to members of the IL-10 family. In particular, we found an interesting similarity between IFN-lambda and IL-22, and we suggest that IFN-lambda and IL-22 possess parallel functions, protecting epithelial tissue against viral and bacterial infections, respectively.
Coupling structure for superconducting disk filters (1994)

A new coupling structure for superconducting disk filters that features a feeder extending into the neighbouring disk resonator is proposed. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the coupling structure reduces ripple in end-coupled disk filters.
PAK as a therapeutic target in gastric cancer (2010)

PAKs play important roles in progression of many cancer types, the full mechanisms of PAKs in gastric cancer are still unclear. It seems there are different roles for two groups of PAKs in cancers. Group I PAKs play their functions mostly through their specific substrates, however, many binding partners that are independent of phosphorylation by group II PAKs were identified. Finding specific inhibitors of PAKs will help us discover the roles of PAKs and target these kinases in human gastric cancer.