gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exploiting Base Station Caching in MIMO Cellular Networks: Opportunistic Cooperation for Video Streaming (2014)

We propose a novel MIMO cooperation framework called the cache-induced opportunistic cooperative MIMO (Coop-MIMO) for video streaming in backhaul limited multicell MIMO networks. By caching a portion of the video files, the base stations (BSs) opportunistically employ Coop-MIMO transmission to achieve MIMO cooperation gain without expensive payload backhaul. We derive closed form expressions of various video streaming performance metrics for cache-induced opportunistic Coop-MIMO and investigate the impact of BS level caching and key system parameters on the performance. Specifically, we first obtain a mixed fluid-diffusion limit for the playback buffer queueing system. Then we derive the approximated video streaming performance using the mixed fluid-diffusion limit. Based on the performance analysis, we formulate the joint optimization of cache control and playback buffer management as a stochastic optimization problem. Then we derive a closed form solution for the playback buffer thresholds and develop a stochastic subgradient algorithm to find the optimal cache control. The analysis shows that the video streaming performance improves linearly with the BS cache size BC, the transmit power cost decreases exponentially with BC, and the backhaul cost decreases linearly with BC.
Egret (2019)

Traffic migration is a common procedure performed by operators during planned maintenance and unexpected incidents to prevent/reduce service disruptions. However, current practices of traffic migration often couple operators' intentions (e.g. device upgrades) with network setups (e.g. load-balancers), resulting in poor re-usability and substantial operational complexities. Our study of 205 Methods of Procedure (MOPs) from a major U.S. carrier suggests that generalizing traffic migration with a unified model is feasible. Such generalization along with SDN's automation capability is key to scalable and flexible management of traffic, especially for virtualized network functions with unprecedented scale, heterogeneity, and fast iteration. In this paper, we propose Egret, a generic traffic migration system that simplifies traffic management for physical and virtual network functions. Egret (1) hides intricate implementation details from operators with generic intention-based interfaces, and (2) modularizes common traffic migration procedures to enable plug-and-play by developers and vendors. Leveraging a novel mask-based abstraction of traffic migration jobs, Egret can further simplify reverse traffic migration and enable job interleaving.
S-CAVE: effective SSD caching to improve virtual machine storage performance (2013)

A unique challenge for SSD storage caching management in a virtual machine (VM) environment is to accomplish the dual objectives: maximizing utilization of shared SSD cache devices and ensuring performance isolation among VMs. In this paper, we present our design and implementation of S-CAVE, a hypervisor-based SSD caching facility, which effectively manages a storage cache in a Multi-VM environment by collecting and exploiting runtime information from both VMs and storage devices. Due to a hypervisor's unique position between VMs and hardware resources, S-CAVE does not require any modification to guest OSes, user applications, or the underlying storage system. A critical issue to address in S-CAVE is how to allocate limited and shared SSD cache space among multiple VMs to achieve the dual goals. This is accomplished in two steps. First, we propose an effective metric to determine the demand for SSD cache space of each VM. Next, by incorporating this cache demand information into a dynamic control mechanism, S-CAVE is able to efficiently provide a fair share of cache space to each VM while achieving the goal of best utilizing the shared SSD cache device. In accordance with the constraints of all the functionalities of a hypervisor, S-CAVE incurs minimum overhead in both memory space and computing time. We have implemented S-CAVE in vSphere ESX, a widely used commercial hypervisor from VMWare. Our extensive experiments have shown its strong effectiveness for various data-intensive applications.
Sub-10 nm Thick Microporous Membranes Made by Plasma-Defined Atomic Layer Deposition of a Bridged Silsesquioxane Precursor (2007)

We report atomic layer deposition of an ultrathin hybrid organic/inorganic film on a porous support and its conversion to a high flux, high selectivity membrane. Through chemical passivation of the internal support porosity and remote oxygen plasma activation of the support surface, ALD of a bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane precursor is confined to the immediate surface of the support, allowing formation of a 5 nm thick film spanning the underlying porosity. UV/ozone removal of the C2 porogen creates a microporous membrane with a He/SF6 selectivity >104 and a substantial He flux of 5.3 sccm/bar·cm2. Prior to conversion, these ultrathin films are of interest as low k dielectric sealing layers. Use of bridging ligands with other shapes and sizes should enable generalization of this approach to other demanding separation problems.
WinMagic (2003)

Database queries often take the form of correlated SQL queries. Correlation refers to the use of values from the outer query block to compute the inner subquery. This is a convenient paradigm for SQL programmers and closely mimics a function invocation paradigm in a typical computer programming language. Queries with correlated subqueries are also often created by SQL generators that translate queries from application domain-specific languages into SQL. Another significant class of queries that use this correlated subquery form is that involving temporal databases using SQL. Performance of these queries is an important consideration particularly in large databases. Several proposals to improve the performance of SQL queries containing correlated subqueries can be found in database literature. One of the main ideas in many of these proposals is to suitably decorrelate the subquery internally to avoid a tuple-at-a-time invocation of the subquery. Magic decorrelation is one method that has been successfully used. Another proposal is to cache the portion of the subquery that is invariant with the changing values of the outer query block. What we propose here is a new technique to handle some typical correlated queries. We go a step further than to simply decorrelate the subquery. By making use of extended window aggregation capabilities, we eliminate redundant access to common tables referenced in the outer query block and the subquery. This technique can be exploited even for non-correlated subqueries. It is possible to get a huge boost in performance for queries that can exploit this technique, which we call WinMagic. This technique was implemented in IBM® DB2® Universal Database" Version 7 and Version 8. In addition to improving DB2 customer queries that contain aggregation subqueries, it has provided significant improvements in a number of TPCH benchmarks that IBM has published since late in 2001.
Triazolopyrimidinones as γ-secretase modulators: structure–activity relationship, modulator profile, and in vivo profiling (2013)

The structure–activity relationship for a series of potent γ-secretase modulators based on the 6,7-dihydro-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-5-one scaffold is described. Furthermore, we report details regarding the modulator profile on Aβ processing, as well as in vivo efficacy, for the optimized compounds.
Use of 2MD, a Novel Oral Calcitriol Analog, in Hemodialysis Patients with Secondary Hyperparathyroidism (2016)

In hemodialysis patients with SHPT, 2MD, at thrice weekly oral doses of 440 and 550 ng, is well tolerated and effectively suppresses PTH without hypercalcemia. Future studies are needed to study the long-term implications of treating ESRD patients with this novel VDRA.
Infrared imaging of skin lesions (2002)

IR spectroscopy produces spectra in which detailed information concerning chemical structure is inherent. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the most useful IR methods for analysis of biological tissues are microscopic image-based techniques in which fine-scaled spatial and high-quality spectral information is integrated. Unlike traditional visible microscopic methods, the contrast in IR imaging is gained by differences in spectra and the spatial heterogeneity of biochemical components, not by the addition of stains. In order for IR imaging to be more broadly accepted, non-subjective data processing methods are being developed to extract the most out of the large spectral images that are acquired. This paper demonstrates data processing techniques that have been extremely useful in the analysis of normal and abnormal skin. Analysis of skin specimens is of particular clinical importance due to the difficulty in rendering a differential diagnosis. Unstained frozen skin sections were mapped using an IR microscope. Functional group mapping, clustering routines and linear discriminant analysis were used to process the data. Functional group mapping and clustering routines were useful in the initial interpretation of images and to research for trends in uncharacterized spectral images. LDA was useful for differentiating normal from abnormal tissue once a well- defined training spectral set was established. Representative spectroscopic images are shown that demonstrate the power of IR imaging.
An Examination of SOFC Anode Functional Layers Based on Ceria in YSZ (2007)

The properties of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anode functional layers prepared by impregnation of ceria and catalytic metals into porous yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) have been examined for operation at . By varying the thickness of the functional layer, the conductivity of the ceria-YSZ composite was determined to be only . The initial performance of anodes made with ceria loadings of 40 or were similar but the anodes with lower loadings lost conductivity above due to sintering of the ceria. The addition of dopant levels of catalytic metals was found to be critical. The addition of Pd or Ni decreased the anode impedances in humidified dramatically, while the improvement with Cu was significant but more modest. Pd doping also decreased the anode impedance in dry much more than did Cu doping; however, addition of either Pd or Cu led to similar improvements for operation in n-butane. Based on these results, suggestions are made for ways to improve SOFC anode functional layers.
Porphyrin Covalent Organic Framework (POF)‐Based Interface Engineering for Solar Steam Generation (2019)

Abstract Through replacement of traditional energy sources with sunlight as the heat source, solar steam generation has emerged as a promising technology for water purification and residuals management. Despite significant efforts to develop efficient photothermal materials for solar steam devices, challenges associated with scalable fabrication of high‐performance materials remain. Moreover, most existing methods cannot be easily engineered to produce steam‐generating devices with both arbitrary control over shape and high photothermal efficiency. Herein, a flexible porphyrin organic framework (POF)‐based interface engineering method is introduced to produce high‐performance solar steam generators. POFs, a recently discovered class of materials, are demonstrated to grow readily on a diverse range of porous substrates, including membranes, fabrics, sponges, and wood. Wood@POF exhibits particularly strong performance, achieving ≈80% light‐to‐steam conversion efficiency. This study demonstrates a universal, simple, and scalable interface engineering strategy for the fabrication of solar steam generators based on POF materials.
3D video coding using advanced prediction, depth modeling, and encoder control methods (2012)

The presented approach for 3D video coding uses the multiview video plus depth format, in which a small number of video views as well as associated depth maps are coded. Based on the coded signals, additional views required for displaying the 3D video on an autostereoscopic display can be generated by depth image based rendering techniques. The developed coding scheme represents an extension of HEVC, similar to the MVC extension of H.264/AVC. However, in addition to the well-known disparity-compensated prediction advanced techniques for inter-view and inter-component prediction, the representation of depth blocks, and the encoder control for depth signals have been integrated. In comparison to simulcasting the different signals using HEVC, the proposed approach provides about 40% and 50% bit rate savings for the tested configurations with 2 and 3 views, respectively. Bit rate reductions of about 20% have been obtained in comparison to a straightforward multiview extension of HEVC without the newly developed coding tools.
Blind polarization demultiplexing for quadrature amplitude modulation coherent optical communication systems using low-complexity and fast-converging independent component analysis (2014)

A kind of blind polarization demultiplexing algorithm based on low-complexity and fast-converging independent component analysis (ICA) for quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) coherent optical communications systems is proposed. The polarization demultiplexing is achieved by maximizing the signal’s non-Gaussianity measured by the information theoretic quantity of negentropy. We demonstrate that some approximate nonlinear functions can be substituted for the negentropy and this greatly reduces the computational complexity. An adaptive gradient optimization algorithm and a fast-converging quasi-Newton algorithm are employed to maximize the negentropy. The numerical simulation and experimental results for polarization division multiplexing quadrature phase shift keying/16QAM without neglecting polarization mode dispersion reveal that the proposed ICA demultiplexing algorithms are feasible and effective for coherent optical receivers.
Metal–Organic Frameworks as Highly Active Electrocatalysts for High-Energy Density, Aqueous Zinc-Polyiodide Redox Flow Batteries (2016)

The new aqueous zinc-polyiodide redox flow battery (RFB) system with highly soluble active materials as well as ambipolar and bifunctional designs demonstrated significantly enhanced energy density, which shows great potential to reduce RFB cost. However, the poor kinetic reversibility and electrochemical activity of the redox reaction of I3(-)/I(-) couples on graphite felts (GFs) electrode can result in low energy efficiency. Two nanoporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), MIL-125-NH2 and UiO-66-CH3, that have high surface areas when introduced to GF surfaces accelerated the I3(-)/I(-) redox reaction. The flow cell with MOF-modified GFs serving as a positive electrode showed higher energy efficiency than the pristine GFs; increases of about 6.4% and 2.7% occurred at the current density of 30 mA/cm(2) for MIL-125-NH2 and UiO-66-CH3, respectively. Moreover, UiO-66-CH3 is more promising due to its excellent chemical stability in the weakly acidic electrolyte. This letter highlights a way for MOFs to be used in the field of RFBs.
Structure-based discovery of small molecules that disaggregate Alzheimer’s disease tissue derived tau fibrils in vitro (2022)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the consequence of neuronal death and brain atrophy associated with the aggregation of protein tau into fibrils. Thus disaggregation of tau fibrils could be a therapeutic approach to AD. The small molecule EGCG, abundant in green tea, has long been known to disaggregate tau and other amyloid fibrils, but EGCG has poor drug-like properties, failing to fully penetrate the brain. Here we have cryogenically trapped an intermediate of brain-extracted tau fibrils on the kinetic pathway to EGCG-induced disaggregation and have determined its cryoEM structure. The structure reveals that EGCG molecules stack in polar clefts between the paired helical protofilaments that pathologically define AD. Treating the EGCG binding position as a pharmacophore, we computationally screened thousands of drug-like compounds for compatibility for the pharmacophore, discovering several that experimentally disaggregate brain-derived tau fibrils in vitro. This work suggests the potential of structure-based, small-molecule drug discovery for amyloid diseases.
Mechanically switchable photonic crystal filter with either all-pass transmission or flat-top reflection characteristics (2003)

We theoretically introduce a new type of optical all-pass filter based on guided resonance in coupled photonic crystal slabs. The filter exhibits near-complete transmission for both on- and off-resonant frequencies and yet generates large resonant group delay. We further show that such a filter can be mechanically switched into a flat-top band rejection filter.
On-line Measurement of Paging Behavior by the Multivalued MIN Algorithm (1974)

An algorithm is presented that extracts the sequence of minimum memory capacities (MMCs) from the sequence of page references generated by a program as it is executed in a demand paging environment. The new algorithm combines the advantages of existing approaches in that the MMC's are produced in a single pass, as is the output of the MIN algorithm for a single memory size, and the MMC sequence is identical to the optimum stack distances provided by the OPT algorithm, which requires two passes. A hardware implementation is outlined as an extension to existing page management mechanisms. The resulting device could be used to produce continuously the MMC information, while the (paging) machine executes the program at essentially full speed. The paper also discusses the possible impact of the algorithm on the study of program behavior and on the development of space sharing (paging) algorithms. Finally, a proof is provided that the algorithm in fact produces an output identical to that of OPT.
Description and Application of Dual Mass Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (1992)

Abstract: This report describes the dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP), its use, and the application of data obtained by its use. Procedures are presented for using the DCP to measure soil strength and correlating DCP index with CBR strength values required for operation of aircraft and military vehicles on unsurfaced soils. Procedures are also presented for using the DCP to evaluate aggregate surfaced roads and airfields for military operations based on the existing soil strength conditions.
Design and analysis of a double superimposed chamber valveless MEMS micropump (2007)

The newly designed micropump model proposed consists of a valveless double chamber pump completely simulated and optimized for drug delivery conditions. First, the inertia force and viscous loss in relation to actuation, pressure, and frequency is considered, and then a model of the nozzle/diffuser elements is introduced. The value of the flowrate obtained from the first model is then used to determine the loss coefficients starting from geometrical properties and flow velocity. From the developed model IT analysis is performed to predict the micropump performance based on the actuation parameters and no energy loss. A single-chamber pump with geometrical dimensions equal to each of the chambers of the double-chamber pump was also developed, and the results from both models are then compared for equally applied actuation pressure and frequency. Results show that the proposed design gives a maximum flow working frequency that is about 30 per cent lower than the single chamber design, with a maximum flowrate that is 140 per cent greater than that of the single chamber. Finally, the influences of geometrical properties on flowrate, maximum flow frequency, loss coefficients, and membrane strain are examined. The results show that the nozzle/ diffuser initial width and chamber side length are the most critical dimensions of the design.
Reversible variable length codes for efficient and robust image and video coding (2002)

The International Telecommunications Union (ITU) has adopted reversible variable length codes (RVLCs) for use in the emerging H.263+ video compression standard. As the name suggests, these codes can be decoded in two directions and can therefore be used by a decoder to enhance robustness in the presence of transmission bit errors. In addition, these RVLCs involve little or no efficiency loss relative to the corresponding non-reversible variable length codes. We present the ideas behind two general classes of RVLCs and discuss the results of applying these codes in the framework of the H.263+ and MPEG-4 video coding standards.
Structural studies of FIV and HIV-1 proteases complexed with an efficient inhibitor of FIV protease (2000)

Three forms of feline immunodeficiency virus protease (FIV PR), the wild type (wt) and two single point mutants, V59I and Q99V, as well as human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease (HIV-1 PR), were cocrystallized with the C2-symmetric inhibitor, TL-3. The mutants of FIV PR were designed to replace residues involved in enzyme-ligand interactions by the corresponding HIV-1 PR residues at the structurally equivalent position. TL-3 shows decreased (improved) inhibition constants with these FIV PR mutants relative to wt FIV PR. Despite similar modes of binding of the inhibitor to all PRs (from P3 to P3'), small differences are evident in the conformation of the Phe side chains of TL-3 at the P1 and P1' positions in the complexes with the mutated FIV PRs. The differences mimick the observed binding of TL-3 in HIV-1 PR and correlate with a significant improvement in the inhibition constants of TL-3 with the two mutant FIV PRs. Large differences between the HIV-1 and FIV PR complexes are evident in the binding modes of the carboxybenzyl groups of TL-3 at P4 and P4'. In HIV-1 PR:TL-3, these groups bind over the flap region, whereas in the FIV PR complexes, the rings are located along the major axis of the active site. A significant difference in the location of the flaps in this region of the HIV-1 and FIV PRs correlates with the observed conformational changes in the binding mode of the peptidomimetic inhibitor at the P4 and P4' positions. These findings provide a structural explanation of the observed Ki values for TL-3 with the different PRs and will further assist in the development of improved inhibitors.
Timing Recovery For Blind Equalization (2005)

Timing recovery for blind equalization requires a non-equalizer-based, non-decision-directed approach, due to slow convergence of the adaptive equalizer taps and the resulting initial unrellability of the data decisions. The leading possibilities for timing recovery are either band-edge, or conventional envelope-derived using the common nonlinearities of magnitude, square, or fourth-power. A novel implementation is proposed for band-edge timing recovery. With this method, the vector representing the band spectral line is derived by digital correlation techniques, and then this vector is filtered in such a way that the timing recovery loop can attain fast convergence while tracking worst case frequency offset between the transmitter and receiver master oscillators. It is shown experimentally that for signals chosen from the CCITT V.33 trellis-coded 128-QAM constellation having 12.5% excess bandwidth and square-root Nyquist shaping at the transmitter, band-edge timing recovery is preferred over conventional envelope-derived, as it is the only one which can recover the baud spectral line in a reasonably jitter-free manner over both moderately and severely impaired channels.