gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Iron Transport-Mediated Drug Delivery: Practical Syntheses and In Vitro Antibacterial Studies of Tris-Catecholate Siderophore–Aminopenicillin Conjugates Reveals Selectively Potent Antipseudomonal Activity (2012)

An artificial tris-catecolate siderophore with a tripodal backbone and its conjugates with ampicillin and amoxicillin were synthesized. Both conjugates exhibited significantly enhanced in vitro antibacterial activities against Gram-negative species compared to the parent drugs, especially against Pseudomonas aeruginosa . The conjugates appeared to be assimilated by an induced bacterial iron transport process as their activities were inversely related to iron concentration. The easily synthesized tris-catecolate siderophore has great potential for future development of various drug conjugates to target antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
Integrated crude selection and refinery optimization under uncertainty (2015)

Crude oil selection and procurement is the most important step in the refining process and impacts the profit margin of the refinery significantly. Due to uncertain quality of the crudes, conventional deterministic modeling and optimization methods are not suitable for refinery profitability enhancement. Therefore, a novel optimization scheme for crude oil procurement integrated with refinery operations in the face of uncertainties is presented. The decision process comprises two stages and is solved using a scenario‐based stochastic programming formulation. In Stage I, the optimal crude selections and purchase amounts are determined by maximizing the expected profit across all scenarios. In Stage II, the uncertainties are realized and optimal operations for the refinery are determined according to this realization. The resulting large‐scale mixed‐integer nonlinear programming formulation incorporates integer variables for crude selection and continuous variables for refinery operations, as well as bilinear terms for pooling processes. Nonconvex generalized Benders decomposition is used to solve this problem to obtain an global optimum efficiently. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 62: 1038–1053, 2016
Antibodies define multiple proteins with epitopes exposed on the surface of live <i>Babesia bigemina</i> merozoites. (1987)

Babesia bigemina is one of several tick-borne hemoparasitic diseases of cattle that are inadequately controlled and cause substantial livestock production losses in tropical and subtropical climates. Recovery from acute babesiosis is associated with development of protective immunity against subsequent challenge with both homologous and heterologous parasites. Viable and infectious merozoites, the intraerythrocytic stage of B. bigemina responsible for clinical disease, were separated from contaminating host cells by density gradient centrifugation. Monoclonal antibodies developed against gradient-separated merozoites were screened for surface reactivity against live merozoites in an immunofluorescent binding assay. Surface-reactive antibodies immunoprecipitated five major biosynthetically radiolabeled merozoite proteins with relative m.w. of 72,000, 58,000, 55,000, 45,000, and 36,000 in SDS-PAGE. Two additional proteins immunoprecipitated with the 45,000 m.w. protein were unreactive with monoclonal antibody in western blots and are apparently part of a membrane complex co-precipitated by this antibody. In contrast, additional proteins of m.w. of 36,000, 35,000, and 33,000, immunoprecipitated with the 58,000 protein, all contain the surface-exposed epitope bound by monoclonal antibody. Immune serum from an animal that had recovered from infection with a Mexico isolate of B. bigemina immunoprecipitated five radiolabeled proteins from the Mexico isolate that co-migrated in SDS-PAGE with major proteins precipitated by surface-reactive monoclonal antibodies. In addition, antibodies against a Kenya isolate of B. bigemina immunoprecipitated the same co-migrating proteins from radio-labeled Mexico isolate, demonstrating epitope conservation between surface proteins of geographically different isolates. The identification of proteins with epitopes exposed on the surface of live merozoites and accessible to antibody provides candidates to be tested as protective immunogens in cattle.
Prophylactic protection against respiratory viruses conferred by a prototype live attenuated influenza virus vaccine (2021)

The influenza A non-structural protein 1 (NS1) is known for its ability to hinder the synthesis of type I interferon (IFN) during viral infection. Influenza viruses lacking NS1 (ΔNS1) are under clinical development as live attenuated human influenza virus vaccines and induce potent influenza virus-specific humoral and cellular adaptive immune responses. Attenuation of ΔNS1 influenza viruses is due to their high IFN inducing properties, that limit their replication in vivo. This study demonstrates that pre-treatment with a ΔNS1 virus results in an immediate antiviral state which prevents subsequent replication of homologous and heterologous viruses, preventing disease from virus respiratory pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2. Our studies suggest that ΔNS1 influenza viruses could be used for the prophylaxis of influenza, SARS-CoV-2 and other human respiratory viral infections, and that an influenza virus vaccine based on ΔNS1 live attenuated viruses would confer broad protection against influenza virus infection from the moment of administration, first by non-specific innate immune induction, followed by specific adaptive immunity.
The direct measurement of dose enhancement in gamma test facilities (1989)

The design and use of a dual-cavity ionization chamber for routine measurement of dose-enhancement factors in Co-60 gamma test facilities are described. The enhancement factors can be derived directly from the chamber measurements without recourse to reference data that may be difficult to obtain. It is shown, in agreement with earlier work, that the maximum dose-enhancement factors can be altered by a factor of two as a result of Compton scatter from relatively small amounts of low- or high-atomic-number materials next to the target. The dual chamber permits the ready detection of such effects. This relatively simple device reliably reproduced earlier results obtained by more involved equipment and procedures. The chamber can be calibrated to give an absolute dose reading for silicon, gallium arsenide, or any other material together with the associated enhancement factor. Measured enhancement factors are also reported for material combinations not previously examined and compared with recent calculations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Reg-Gan: Semi-Supervised Learning Based on Generative Adversarial Networks for Regression (2018)

This research concerns introducing a method to solve the semi-supervised learning problem with generative adversarial networks (GANs) for regression. In contrast to classification, where only a limited number of distinct classes is given, the regression task is defined as predicting continuous labels for a given dataset. This method will be of particular interest for the applications in which a small number of labeled samples is available, and the labels are continuous such as predicting steering angles from the front camera image in the end-to-end task of autonomous driving. Semi-supervised learning is of vital importance for the applications where a small number of labeled samples is available, or labeling samples is difficult or expensive to collect. A case in point is autonomous driving in which obtaining sufficient labeled samples covering all driving conditions is costly. In this context, we can take advantage of semi-supervised learning techniques with groundbreaking generative models, such as generative adversarial networks. However, currently almost all proposed GAN-based semi-supervised techniques in the literature are focused on solving the classification problem. Hence, developing a GAN-based semi-supervised method for the regression task is still an open problem. In this work, two different architectures will be proposed to address this problem. In summary, our introduced method is able to predict continuous labels for a training dataset which has only a limited number of labeled samples. Moreover, the application of this technique for solving the end-to-end task in autonomous driving will be presented. We performed several experiments to evaluate our proposed method, and the results are very promising compared with the state-of-the-art Improved-GAN technique [1].
Effects of hydrogen annealing on heteroepitaxial-Ge layers on Si: Surface roughness and electrical quality (2004)

We have studied the effect of hydrogen annealing on the surface roughness of germanium (Ge) layers grown by chemical vapor deposition on silicon using atomic force microscopy and cross-sectional high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM). Our results indicate a strong reduction of roughness that approaches 90% at 825°C. The smoother Ge surface allowed for the fabrication of metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors using germanium oxynitride (GeOxNy) as the gate dielectric. Electrical quality was studied using high frequency capacitance–voltage characteristic of epi-Ge showing negligible hysteresis. We discuss the results in terms of Ge–H cluster formation, which lowers the diffusion barrier, allowing for higher diffusivity and surface mobility. The temperature dependence shows tapering off for temperatures exceeding 800°C, indicating a barrier reduction of ∼92meV.
Abstract 115: Microrna-30c Reduces Hyperlipidemia and Atherosclerosis by Decreasing Lipid Synthesis and Lipoprotein Secretion (2013)

Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for various cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Overproduction of lipoproteins, a process critically dependent on microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP), can contribute to hyperlipidemia. We have shown that hepatic over expression of miR-30c reduces MTP mRNA, protein and activity. Further, MTP mRNA is degraded faster due to the binding of miR-30c to its 3[[Unable to Display Character: &#900;]]-UTR. miR-30c lowers plasma cholesterol by reducing production of triglyceride-rich apoB-containing lipoproteins; a phenotype most likely secondary to lower MTP expression. It also reduces de novo lipogenesis by targeting other genes such as LPGAT1. Additionally, atherosclerotic plaques are smaller in Apoe -/- mice expressing miR-30c. Taken together, we have provided evidence that high miR-30c levels reduce plasma lipids and atherosclerosis and avoids steatosis by regulating different sets of genes.
Vessel‐encoded dynamic magnetic resonance angiography using arterial spin labeling (2010)

A new noninvasive MRI method for vessel selective angiography is presented. The technique combines vessel-encoded pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling with a two-dimensional dynamic angiographic readout and was used to image the cerebral arteries in healthy volunteers. Time-of-flight angiograms were also acquired prior to vessel-selective dynamic angiography acquisitions in axial, coronal, and/or sagittal planes, using a 3-T MRI scanner. The latter consisted of a vessel-encoded pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling pulse train of 300 or 1000 ms followed by a two-dimensional thick-slab flow-compensated fast low angle shot readout combined with a segmented Look-Locker sampling strategy (temporal resolution = 55 ms). Selective labeling was performed at the level of the neck to generate individual angiograms for both right and left internal carotid and vertebral arteries. Individual vessel angiograms were reconstructed using a bayesian inference method. The vessel-selective dynamic angiograms obtained were consistent with the time-of-flight images, and the longer of the two vessel-encoded pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling pulse train durations tested (1000 ms) was found to give better distal vessel visibility. This technique provides highly selective angiograms quickly and noninvasively that could potentially be used in place of intra-arterial x-ray angiography for larger vessels.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Indanyl‐Substituted Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines as Potent Reversible Inhibitors of the Gastric H<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>‐ATPase. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF ESTERS OF PHOSPHONOFORMIC ACID AND THEIR ANTIHERPES ACTIVITY (1983)

Abstract Synthetisiert und auf Antiherges‐Wirkung untersucht werden die Phosphorverbindungen (I)‐(III).
Automated exposure control for CT using a task-based image quality metric (2018)

Selecting the tube current when using iterative reconstruction is challenging due to the varying relationship between contrast, noise, spatial resolution, and dose across different algorithms. This study proposes a task-based automated exposure control (AEC) method using a generalized detectability index (<i>d'</i><sub><i>gen</i></sub>). The proposed method leverages existing AEC methods that are based on a prescribed noise level. The generalized <i>d'</i><sub><i>gen</i></sub> metric is calculated using look-up tables of task-based modulation transfer function and noise power spectrum. Look-up tables were generated by scanning a 20-cmdiameter American College of Radiology (ACR) phantom and reconstructing with a reference reconstruction algorithm and four levels of an in-house iterative reconstruction algorithm (IR1-4). This study tested the validity of the assumption that the look-up tables can be approximated as being independent of dose level. Preliminary feasibility of the proposed <i>d'</i><sub><i>gen</i></sub>-AEC method to provide a desired image quality level for different iterative reconstruction algorithms was evaluated for the ACR phantom. The image quality ((<i>d'</i><sub><i>gen</i></sub>) resulting from the proposed <i>d'</i><sub><i>gen</i></sub>-AEC method was 3.8 (IR1), 3.9 (IR2), 3.9 (IR3), 3.8 (IR4) compared to the desired <i>d'</i><sub><i>gen</i></sub> of 3.9 for the reference image. For comparison, images acquired to match the noise standard deviation of the reference image demonstrated reduced image quality (<i>d'</i><sub><i>gen</i></sub>). of 3.3 for IR1, 3.0 for IR2, 2.5 for IR3, and 1.8 for IR4). For all four iterative reconstruction methods, the <i>d'</i><sub><i>gen</i></sub>-AEC method resulted in consistent image quality in terms of detectability index at lower dose than the reference scan. The results provide preliminary evidence that the proposed <i>d'</i><sub><i>gen</i></sub>-AEC can provide consistent image quality across different iterative reconstruction approaches.
Retraction of “Development of a Novel Class of Glucose Transporter Inhibitors” (2018)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVRetractionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a retraction.Retraction of "Development of a Novel Class of Glucose Transporter Inhibitors"Dasheng WangDasheng WangMore by Dasheng Wang, Po-Chen ChuPo-Chen ChuMore by Po-Chen Chu, Chia-Ning YangChia-Ning YangMore by Chia-Ning Yang, Ribai YanRibai YanMore by Ribai Yan, Yu-Chung ChuangYu-Chung ChuangMore by Yu-Chung Chuang, Samuel K. KulpSamuel K. KulpMore by Samuel K. Kulp, and Ching-Shih Chen*Ching-Shih ChenMore by Ching-Shih ChenCite this: J. Med. Chem. 2018, 61, 11, 5056Publication Date (Web):May 18, 2018Publication History Published online18 May 2018Published inissue 14 June 2018https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00708https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00708retractionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2018 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views2908Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (164 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Super-quasi-orthogonal space-time trellis codes (2004)

We introduce a new family of space-time trellis codes which extends the powerful characteristics of super-orthogonal space-time trellis codes to four transmit antennas. We consider a family of quasi-orthogonal space-time block codes as building blocks in our new trellis codes. These codes combine set-partitioning and a super set of quasi-orthogonal space-time block codes in a systematic way to provide full diversity and improved coding gain. The result is a very powerful code that provides full rate, full diversity, and high coding gain. Simulation results demonstrate the good performance of our new super-quasi-orthogonal space-time trellis codes.
Learning Online Smooth Predictors for Realtime Camera Planning Using Recurrent Decision Trees (2016)

We study the problem of online prediction for realtime camera planning, where the goal is to predict smooth trajectories that correctly track and frame objects of interest (e.g., players in a basketball game). The conventional approach for training predictors does not directly consider temporal consistency, and often produces undesirable jitter. Although post-hoc smoothing (e.g., via a Kalman filter) can mitigate this issue to some degree, it is not ideal due to overly stringent modeling assumptions (e.g., Gaussian noise). We propose a recurrent decision tree framework that can directly incorporate temporal consistency into a data-driven predictor, as well as a learning algorithm that can efficiently learn such temporally smooth models. Our approach does not require any post-processing, making online smooth predictions much easier to generate when the noise model is unknown. We apply our approach to sports broadcasting: given noisy player detections, we learn where the camera should look based on human demonstrations. Our experiments exhibit significant improvements over conventional baselines and showcase the practicality of our approach.
Biomimetic Synthesis of Bimorphic Nanostructures (2008)

The widespread interest in the use of biomimetic approaches for inorganic nanomaterial synthesis have led to the development of biomolecules (peptides, nucleic acids) as key components in material synthesis. Using biomolecules as building blocks, additional functionalities can be introduced by engineering multifunctional peptides that are capable of binding, nucleating, and assembling multiple materials at the nanoscale. We describe methodologies that exploit peptides for the synthesis of bimorphic nanostructures.
Properties of trench capacitors for high density DRAM applications (1985)

Due to increasing levels of integration, it is expected that next generation DRAMs will make use of trench capacitors to minimize the area of a cell. In this paper we examine the properties of oxides grown in trenches and compare them with comparable oxides grown on planar surfaces. We also examine the effects of various cell to cell spacing on the trench to trench leakage. We conclude that despite the challenges of trench technology, it is excellent for use in 1Mbit and 4Mbit DRAMS.
A 1∼1.5 GHz capacitive coupled inductor-less multi-ring oscillator with improved phase noise (2016)

This paper presents a multi-ring coupled oscillator design that employs the common-source capacitive coupling technique to achieve improved phase noise by minimizing noise injection from tail current and adjacent rings. The proposed inductor-less ring oscillator also provides additional output phases for low noise multiphase clock generation. Implemented in a 130 nm CMOS technology, the 1.5 GHz triple-ring coupled ring oscillator achieved measured phase noise of -110.17 dBc/Hz @ 1 MHz offset, demonstrating 7 dB phase noise reduction comparing to its single-ring oscillator counterpart.
Trusted Computing enhanced OpenID (2010)

Trusted Computing, used as a security technology, can establish trust between multiple parties. One implementation of Trusted Computing Technology standardized by the Trusted Computing Group is the Trusted Platform Module (TPM). We build on the security provided by the TPM to create a trusted variant of Identity Management Systems based on the popular OpenID protocol. We show that it is feasible to bind OpenID identities to the trustworthiness of the device. Our concept and implementation builds on previous work which showed that Trusted Computing can be used to create tickets. In this work, we use such tickets as a building block to establish trust between the identity provider and the device.
Silencing of OsGRXS17 in rice improves drought stress tolerance by modulating ROS accumulation and stomatal closure (2017)

Glutaredoxins (GRXs) modulate redox-dependent signaling pathways and have emerged as key mediators in plant responses to environmental stimuli. Here we report that RNAi-mediated suppression of Oryza sativa GRXS17 (OsGRXS17) improved drought tolerance in rice. Gene expression studies showed that OsGRXS17 was present throughout the plant and that transcript abundance increased in response to drought stress and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. Localization studies, utilizing GFP-OsGRXS17 fusion proteins, indicated that OsGRXS17 resides in both the cytoplasm and the nuclear envelope. Under drought stress conditions, rice plants with reduced OsGRXS17 expression showed lower rates of water loss and stomatal conductance, higher relative water content, and enhanced survival compared to wild-type controls. Further characterization of the OsGRXS17 down-regulated plants revealed an elevation in H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production within the guard cells, increased sensitivity to ABA, and a reduction in stomatal apertures. The findings demonstrate a critical link between OsGRXS17, the modulation of guard cell H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> concentrations, and stomatal closure, expanding our understanding of the mechanisms governing plant responses to drought.
iSketchVis: Data Exploration through Sketch-based Charting (2011)

Basic information visualization tasks are now common operations in work places – often through use of simple graphs and charts created in spreadsheets on individual workstations. While these simple visualizations are incredibly useful, in a collaborative environment the status quo is far more decidedly low-tech. Often sharing visualizations is accomplished by colleagues meeting and mocking up charts or graphs by manually drawing them on a whiteboard. Sharing control is as easy as passing a pen, revising charts involves merely erasing and redrawing, and new charts come into existence simply by someone drawing what they want to see. However, populating hand drawn charts with data can be tedious, thus people frequently resort to simply indicating trends for discussion purposes.