gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Julius --- an open source real-time large vocabulary recognition engine (2001)

Кваліфікаційна робота присвячена вирішенню завдання інтеграції технологій віртуальної реальності (підсистеми розпізнавання мовлення, бездротового контролера, пристрою віртуальної реальності, підсистеми завантаження нового контенту) в систему інтерактивного навчання. \nПроведено аналіз існуючих систем навчання у віртуальній реальності, описано способи інтеграції програмних систем. Інтеграція підсистем та пристроїв у систему інтерактивного навчання проходитиме за гібридною топологією. \nСистема інтерактивного навчання побудована на основі клієнт-серверної архітектури. Завдяки проведеному аналізу вибрано пристрій віртуальної реальності Samsung Gear VR та систему розпізнавання мовлення PocketSphinx. Програма для відображення навчального контенту створена із використанням середовища Unity для мобільної платформи Android, використано відкритий вихідний код PocketSphinx, виконаний в Android Studio. \nРозроблено посібник для реалізації інтеграції технологій віртуальної реальності до проекту Unity. Перевагою запропонованих програмних додатків є можливість паралельної роботи підсистем, це дає змогу позбутися зависання програми.\nThesis deals with the solving the problem of integrating virtual reality technologies (speech recognition subsystem, wireless controller, virtual reality device, subsystem of downloading new content) into the interactive learning system.\nThe analysis of the existing training systems in virtual reality was carried out, the methods of integration of software systems were described. The integration of subsystems and devices into the interactive learning system will be based on a hybrid topology.\nThe interactive learning system is built on the basis of client-server architecture. Thanks to the analysis, the Samsung Gear VR virtual reality device and the PocketSphinx speech recognition system were selected. The program for displaying educational content was created using the Unity environment for the Android mobile platform, using the open source code of PocketSphinx, developed in Android Studio.\nA manual has been developed for implementing the integration of virtual reality technologies into the Unity project. The advantage of the proposed software applications is the possibility of parallel operation of subsystems, this makes it possible to get rid of program hangs.
5-(Piperidin-2-yl)- and 5-(Homopiperidin-2-yl)-1,4-benzodiazepines:  High-Affinity, Basic Ligands for the Cholecystokinin-B Receptor (1997)

The design, synthesis, and biological activity of a series of high-affinity, basic ligands for the cholecystokinin-B receptor are described. The compounds, which incorporate a piperidin-2-yl or a homopiperidin-2-yl group attached to C5 of a benzodiazepine core structure, are substantially more basic (e.g., 9d, pKa = 9.48) than previously reported antagonists based on 5-amino-1,4-benzodiazepines (e.g., 5, pKa = 7.1) and have improved aqueous solubility. In view of their basicity, it would be tempting to speculate that the present series of compounds might be binding to the CCK-B receptor in their protonated form. Compounds such as 9d, e and 10d showed high affinity for this receptor (IC50 < 2.5 nM) and very good selectivity over CCK-A (CCK-A/CCK-B > 2000), even as the racemates. Additionally, a significantly improved in vivo half-life was observed for a selection of compounds compared to the clinical candidate L-365, -260 (1).
Stream wheels for applications in shallow and deep water (2007)

The interest in renewable energies has initiated a re-consideration of hydropower resources. Currently there is no economical energy converter for the kinetic energy of shallow free surface flows available. Stream wheels or impulse type water wheels were employed in this role until the middle of the last century, and this type of water wheel could again be of interest today. Little engineering or performance information is however available for such machines. Following a literature review, three types of stream wheels were identified and theoretical models for performance evaluation were developed. Model tests were employed to verify theoretical predictions. It was found that both in terms of potential power production and number of possible sites the stream wheel in deep water is the most promising candidate for further development.
Ischemic preconditioning improves maximal performance in humans (2009)

Repeated episodes of ischemia followed by reperfusion, commonly referred to as ischemic preconditioning (IPC), represent an endogenous protective mechanism that delays cell injury. IPC also increases blood flow and improves endothelial function. We hypothesize that IPC will improve physical exercise performance and maximal oxygen consumption. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of ischemic preconditioning in leg skeletal muscles on cycling exercise performance in healthy individuals. Fifteen healthy, well-trained subjects performed two incremental maximal exercise tests on a bicycle ergometer. Power output, oxygen consumption, ventilation, respiratory quotient, and heart rate were measured continuously. Blood pressure and blood lactate were measured before and after the test. One exercise test was performed after the application of ischemic preconditioning, using a protocol of three series of 5-min ischemia at both legs with resting periods of 5 min in between. The other maximal cycling test served as a control. Tests were conducted in counterbalanced order, at least 1 week apart, at the same time of the day. The repeated ischemic periods significantly increased maximal oxygen consumption from 56.8 to 58.4 ml/min per kg (P = 0.003). Maximal power output increased significantly from 366 to 372 W (P = 0.05). Ischemic preconditioning had no effect on ventilation, respiratory quotient, maximal heart rate, blood pressure or on blood lactate. Repeated short-term leg ischemia prior to an incremental bicycle exercise test improves maximal oxygen consumption by 3% and power output by 1.6%. This protocol, which is suggested to mimic the effects of ischemic preconditioning, may have important implications for exercise performance.
Alternatives to Vinyl Triflates for Cross-Coupling with Arylboronic Acids (1999)

Vinyl phosphates, mesylates, and tosylates derived from 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds are coupled with phenylboronic acid using nickel or palladium catalysts. An application to the area of 2-aryl carbapenem antibiotics is demonstrated. Alternative conditions for the nickel-catalyzed coupling of aryl mesylates are also reported.
Site emerging technologies project: Babcock and Wilcox cyclone vitrification (1993)

The Babcock and Wilcox 6 million Btu/hr pilot cyclone furnace was successfully used in a 2-year SITE Emerging Technology project to melt and vitrify and EPA Synthetic Soil Matrix (SSM) spiked with 7,000 ppm lead, 1,000 ppm cadmium, and 1,500 ppm chromium. An advantage of vitrification over other thermal treatment technologies is that in addition to destruction of organic wastes, the resulting vitrified product captures and does not leach non-volatile heavy metals. Indeed, when operated at 50 to 150 lb/hr of dry SSM feed, and from 100-300 lb/hr of wet SSM feed, the cyclone technology was able to produce a non-leachable product (as measured by TCLP) from the hazardous soil. From 95 to 97 percent of the dry, input SSM was incorporated within the slag. Stable cyclone operation was achieved during the 2-year project which processed over 6 tons of clean, unspiked SSM and 5 tons of spiked SSM. During the thermal vitrification process, the heavy metals in the slag was found to increase with increasing feed rate and with decreasing metal volatility. The treatment of the synthetic soil matrix resulted in a volume reduction of 25-35 percent (dry basis). Vitrification results in an easily-crushed, glassy product.
Transmission of Atherosclerosis Susceptibility with Gut Microbial Transplantation (2014)

Recent studies indicate both clinical and mechanistic links between atherosclerotic heart disease and intestinal microbial metabolism of certain dietary nutrients producing trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). Here we test the hypothesis that gut microbial transplantation can transmit choline diet-induced TMAO production and atherosclerosis susceptibility. First, a strong association was noted between atherosclerotic plaque and plasma TMAO levels in a mouse diversity panel (n = 22 strains, r = 0.38; p = 0.0001). An atherosclerosis-prone and high TMAO-producing strain, C57BL/6J, and an atherosclerosis-resistant and low TMAO-producing strain, NZW/LacJ, were selected as donors for cecal microbial transplantation into apolipoprotein e null mice in which resident intestinal microbes were first suppressed with antibiotics. Trimethylamine (TMA) and TMAO levels were initially higher in recipients on choline diet that received cecal microbes from C57BL/6J inbred mice; however, durability of choline diet-dependent differences in TMA/TMAO levels was not maintained to the end of the study. Mice receiving C57BL/6J cecal microbes demonstrated choline diet-dependent enhancement in atherosclerotic plaque burden as compared with recipients of NZW/LacJ microbes. Microbial DNA analyses in feces and cecum revealed transplantation of donor microbial community features into recipients with differences in taxa proportions between donor strains that were transmissible to recipients and that tended to show coincident proportions with TMAO levels. Proportions of specific taxa were also identified that correlated with plasma TMAO levels in donors and recipients and with atherosclerotic lesion area in recipients. Atherosclerosis susceptibility may be transmitted via transplantation of gut microbiota. Gut microbes may thus represent a novel therapeutic target for modulating atherosclerosis susceptibility.
PTP-H2 and PTP-H3 from<i>Microplitis demolitor</i>Bracovirus Localize to Focal Adhesions and Are Antiphagocytic in Insect Immune Cells (2006)

Viruses in the family Polydnaviridae are symbiotically associated with parasitoid wasps. Wasps inject polydnaviruses (PDVs) when laying an egg into their insect host, and expression of viral gene products causes several physiological alterations, including immunosuppression, that allow the wasp's progeny to develop. As with other PDVs, most Microplitis demolitor bracovirus (MdBV) genes are related variants that form gene families. The largest MdBV gene family includes 13 members that encode predicted proteins related to protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). Sequence analysis during the present study indicated that five PTP family members (PTP-H2, -H3, -N1, and -N2) have fully conserved catalytic domains, whereas other family members exhibited replacements, deletions, or rearrangements of amino acids considered essential for tyrosine phosphatase activity. Expression studies indicated that most MdBV PTP genes are expressed in virus-infected host insects, with transcript abundance usually being highest in hemocytes. MdBV-infected hemocytes also exhibited higher levels of tyrosine phosphatase activity than noninfected hemocytes. We produced expression constructs for four of the most abundantly expressed PTP family members and conducted functional studies with hemocyte-like Drosophila S2 cells. These experiments suggested that recombinant PTP-H2 and PTP-H3 are functional tyrosine phosphatases whereas PTP-H1 and PTP-J1 are not. PTP-H2 and -H3 localized to focal adhesions in S2 cells, and coexpression with another MdBV gene product, Glc1.8, resulted in complete inhibition of phagocytosis.
Biochemical evaluation of virtual screening methods reveals a cell-active inhibitor of the cancer-promoting phosphatases of regenerating liver (2014)

Computationally supported development of small molecule inhibitors has successfully been applied to protein tyrosine phosphatases in the past, revealing a number of cell-active compounds. Similar approaches have also been used to screen for small molecule inhibitors for the cancer-related phosphatases of regenerating liver (PRL) family. Still, selective and cell-active compounds are of limited availability. Since especially PRL-3 remains an attractive drug target due to its clear role in cancer metastasis, such compounds are highly demanded. In this study, we investigated various virtual screening approaches for their applicability to identify novel small molecule entities for PRL-3 as target. Biochemical evaluation of purchasable compounds revealed ligand-based approaches as well suited for this target, compared to docking-based techniques that did not perform well in this context. The best hit of this study, a 2-cyano-2-ene-ester and hence a novel chemotype targeting the PRLs, was further optimized by a structure-activity-relationship (SAR) study, leading to a low micromolar PRL inhibitor with acceptable selectivity over other protein tyrosine phosphatases. The compound is active in cells, as shown by its ability to specifically revert PRL-3 induced cell migration, and exhibits similar effects on PRL-1 and PRL-2. It is furthermore suitable for fluorescence microscopy applications, and it is commercially available. These features make it the only purchasable, cell-active and acceptably selective PRL inhibitor to date that can be used in various cellular applications.
Advances in Multi-Sensor Data Fusion: Algorithms and Applications (2009)

With the development of satellite and remote sensing techniques, more and more image data from airborne/satellite sensors have become available. Multi-sensor image fusion seeks to combine information from different images to obtain more inferences than can be derived from a single sensor. In image-based application fields, image fusion has emerged as a promising research area since the end of the last century. The paper presents an overview of recent advances in multi-sensor satellite image fusion. Firstly, the most popular existing fusion algorithms are introduced, with emphasis on their recent improvements. Advances in main applications fields in remote sensing, including object identification, classification, change detection and maneuvering targets tracking, are described. Both advantages and limitations of those applications are then discussed. Recommendations are addressed, including: (1) Improvements of fusion algorithms; (2) Development of "algorithm fusion" methods; (3) Establishment of an automatic quality assessment scheme.
Recent Advances in Percutaneous Cardioscopy (2011)

Percutaneous cardioscopy, using high-resolution fiberoptic imaging, enables direct visualization of the cardiac interior, thereby enabling macroscopic pathological diagnosis. Percutaneous cardioscopy has demonstrated that the endocardial surface exhibits various colors characteristic of different heart diseases. This imaging modality can now be used for evaluation of the severity of myocardial ischemia, and staging of myocarditis. Myocardial blood flow recovery induced by vasodilating agents or percutaneous coronary interventions can be clearly visualized. Morphological and functional changes in the cardiac valves can also be evaluated. Cardioscope-guided endomyocardial biopsy enables pin-point biopsy of the diseased myocardium. Recently, dye-image cardioscopy and fluorescence cardioscopy were developed for evaluation of the subendocardial microcirculation. Cardioscope-guided intracardiac therapies such as myotomy, myectomy, valvulotomy, and transendocardial angiogenic and myogenic therapy have been trialed using animal models in anticipation of future clinical applications. Percutaneous cardioscopy has the potential to contribute to our understanding of heart disease, and to assist in guidance for intracardiac therapies.
Identification of insecticidal constituents of the essential oils of<i>Dahlia pinnata</i>Cav. against<i>Sitophilus zeamais</i>and<i>Sitophilus oryzae</i> (2015)

The aim of this research was to determine the chemical composition of the essential oils of Dahlia pinnata, their insecticidal activity against Sitophilus zeamais and Sitophilusoryzae and to isolate insecticidal constituents. Based on bioactivity-guided fractionation, active constituents were isolated and identified as D-limonene, 4-terpineol and α-terpineol. Essential oils and active compounds tested exhibited contact toxicity, with LD50 values ranging from 132.48 to 828.79 μg/cm(2) against S. zeamais and S. oryzae. Essential oils possessed fumigant toxicity against S. zeamais and S. oryzae with LC50 from 14.10 to 73.46 mg/L. d-Limonene (LC50 = 4.55 and 7.92 mg/L) showed stronger fumigant toxicity against target insects. 4-Terpineol (88 ± 8%) and d-limonene (87 ± 5%) showed the strongest repellency against S. zeamais and S. oryzae, respectively. The results indicate that essential oils and insecticidal constituents have potential for development into natural fumigants, insecticides or repellents for control of the stored-product insect pests.
Automated Question Answering Assistant (2021)

IT firms have a number of clients from various sectors. These vendors have many questions or queries which are to be answered manually. Also the amount of questions asked are huge in numbers approximately in the club of 500 to 600. This includes reading the document thoroughly and extracting all the related information regarding the question and then representing the data in appropriate format required. Answering all such questions manually in a limited period of time is quite a tedious task. This leads to more time consumption and increases the human labour behind it. The project aims at developing an automated system which would create a deep learning model that will input the questions present in any format and answer them automatically with the help of the algorithm and give the output in the required format, thus simplifying the work of searching the answers in a given extract and finding the least error prone answer to the question thus increasing the accuracy. This will also reduce time required behind studying any document and framing the answers from them. This system will be able to answer all types of questions. The system can be used for generating answer keys for online exams. The system will encourage the research that returns answers directly instead of keyword extraction from the documents with ample number of queries. Even it can be used for open domain searching of information over the internet.
Pragmatic, Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Blockchain and Distributed Ledger Technology: Paving the Future for Healthcare (2018)

Background: Blockchain and distributed ledger technology is a disruptive force in healthcare. Methods: This article provides a globally relevant, interdisciplinary perspective intended to aid disparate group of actors, participants, and users that represent the diverse stakeholders of an increasingly complex and technologically reliant healthcare system. Domain expertise reinforced by literature published via industry, technical, and academic venues was used to inform these perspectives. Results: Key characteristics of blockchain and distributed ledger technology are highlighted and framed for a readership ranging from healthcare executive to policy makers to researchers. Antecedent application of blockchain in the financial sector is explored followed by the technical, security, and interoperability considerations specific to healthcare. Conclusion: Blockchain remains an emerging technology both fraught with unanticipated challenges and the promise of unrealized potential in healthcare. Keywords: Blockchain, Healthcare, Innovation, Adoption, Global, Interoperability
See-Through-Wall Imaging using Ultra Wideband Pulse Systems (2006)

Surveillance/navigation systems presently used make extensive use of television, infrared, and other line-of-sight-surveillance hardware. However, these systems cannot tell what is happening or locate persons/assets on the other side of a wall, behind bushes, in the dark, in a tunnel or a cave, or through a dense fog. It is our objective here to develop a new sensor, based on UWB technology. A small, lightweight, low power transceiver or multiples that are based upon the fact that microwave frequencies can be optimized to penetrate nonmetallic materials, and providing very precise ranging information. This new surveillance/navigation capability can help provide information about what is in a wall or on the other side of a door, and can be extended to provide precise global position in areas where these services are denied such as in tunnels or caves. This paper presents our efforts along these lines including image enhancements.
자동차의 미디어 기능에 관한 연구: 자동차는 한국인의 국가,사회 정체성 형성에 어떤 영향을 미쳤는가? (2009)

일찍이 마셜 맥루한이 주장했듯이, 자동차는 인간 신체의 연장으로서 매우 중요한 미디어 기능을 수행해 왔다. 그럼에도 불구하고 그간 언론학자들을 포함한 인문사회과학자들은 자동차의 그런 커뮤니케이션 기능을 놀라울 정도로 무시해 왔다. 본 연구는 그런 연구풍토에 이의를 제기하는 동시에 자동차가 미디어로서 한국인의 국가·사회 정체성 형성에 큰 영향을 미쳤다는 가설을 제시하고자 한다. 한국에서 자동차의 미디어 기능은 크게 보아 1) 근대화 상징으로서의 자동차, 2) 국가적 자부심 상징으로서의 자동차, 3) 국토 재발견 수단으로서의 자동차, 4) 공동체의식 재편성 기제로서의 자동차, 5) 지위 구별짓기 수단으로서의 자동차 등 5가지로 나눌 수 있다. 본 연구는 개화기부터 오늘에 이르기까지 한국 자동차의 역사를 살펴보면서 위와 같은 5가지 기능을 역사적 사례를 들어 분석·해석하고자 한다.
Long-Term Cannabidiol Treatment Prevents the Development of Social Recognition Memory Deficits in Alzheimer's Disease Transgenic Mice (2014)

Impairments in cognitive ability and widespread pathophysiological changes caused by neurotoxicity, neuroinflammation, oxidative damage, and altered cholesterol homeostasis are associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cannabidiol (CBD) has been shown to reverse cognitive deficits of AD transgenic mice and to exert neuroprotective, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory properties in vitro and in vivo. Here we evaluate the preventative properties of long-term CBD treatment in male AβPPSwe/PS1ΔE9 (AβPP × PS1) mice, a transgenic model of AD. Control and AD transgenic mice were treated orally from 2.5 months of age with CBD (20 mg/kg) daily for 8 months. Mice were then assessed in the social preference test, elevated plus maze, and fear conditioning paradigms, before cortical and hippocampal tissues were analyzed for amyloid load, oxidative damage, cholesterol, phytosterols, and inflammation. We found that AβPP × PS1 mice developed a social recognition deficit, which was prevented by CBD treatment. CBD had no impact on anxiety or associative learning. The prevention of the social recognition deficit was not associated with any changes in amyloid load or oxidative damage. However, the study revealed a subtle impact of CBD on neuroinflammation, cholesterol, and dietary phytosterol retention, which deserves further investigation. This study is the first to demonstrate CBD's ability to prevent the development of a social recognition deficit in AD transgenic mice. Our findings provide the first evidence that CBD may have potential as a preventative treatment for AD with a particular relevance for symptoms of social withdrawal and facial recognition.
Optimization of <i>in situ</i> substrate surface treatment in a cathodic arc plasma: A study by TEM and plasma diagnostics (2001)

Cr ions generated by a steered cathodic arc discharge are utilized to control and enhance the adhesion properties of 3.5 μm thick TixAl(1−x)N based coatings deposited on high speed steel substrates. A two-step etching procedure (negative substrate bias, US=1200 V) is suggested, operating the arc discharge initially in an Ar atmosphere (pAr=0.09 Pa, 6.75×10−4 Torr) to achieve predominantly metal removing effects (etching rate: 9 nm min−1) with a mixture of Ar and Cr ions. In the second stage at residual gas pressure level (pAr⩽0.006 Pa, 4.5×10−5 Torr, etching rate: 4 nm min−1) pure Cr ion irradiation leads to a Cr penetration as deep as 20 nm with a Cr accumulation of approximately 37 at % at the interface substrate/coating. This procedure promotes localized epitaxial growth of TixAl(1−x)N and enhances critical load values up to 85±5 N.