gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interaction of tubulin with drugs and alkylating agents. 2. Effects of colchicine, podophyllotoxin, and vinblastine on the alkylation of tubulin (1981)

The antimitotic drugs colchicine, podophyllotoxin, and vinblastine are known to be potent inhibitors of microtubule polymerization, but little is known about how they affect the chemical properties of the tubulin molecule. In the preceding paper [Ludueña, R. F., & Roach, M. C. (1981) Bio-chemistry (preceding paper in this issue)], we have shown that the alkylating agent iodo[14C]acetamide reacts specifically with the sulfhydryl groups of tubulin and that its bifunctional analogue, N,N'-ethylenebis(iodoacetamide) (EBI), reacts with native tubulin to convert beta-tubulin into a form, designated beta*, which appears to represent an intrachain cross-linked form of beta. In this paper, we have incubated tubulin with the drugs prior to alkylation and measured their effects on the alkylation reactions. We have found that at 100 microM concentrations, podophyllotoxin, colchicine, and vinblastine inhibited the reaction of tubulin with iodo[14C]acetamide by 19-32%, 33-47%, and 62-72%, respectively; each drug was half-maximally effective at 3-5 microM, indicating that the suppressive effects of the drugs were mediated by their high-affinity binding sites. Similarly, beta* formation induced by EBI was suppressed by 92-94% in the presence of either colchicine or podophyllotoxin In contrast, vinblastine enhanced beta* formation by 40%. Alkylation with longer chain analogues of EBI revealed no evidence that the reactive sulfhydryls were being pushed apart by the drugs. These results indicate that each of the drugs has potent effects on the accessibility of the sulfhydryl groups of tubulin and that the effects of vinblastine are very different from those of either colchicine or podophyllotoxin.
ChemInform Abstract: 4‐Alkyl‐3‐phenyl‐2H‐1‐benzopyran‐2‐ones and Related Compounds as Potential Pesticides. (1990)

Abstract Twelve compounds of type (IV) and four compounds of type (VI) are prepared and tested for in vitro antifungal activity.
Kalman-Filter-Based Integration of IMU and UWB for High-Accuracy Indoor Positioning and Navigation (2020)

The emerging Internet of Things (IoT) applications, such as smart manufacturing and smart home, lead to a huge demand on the provisioning of low-cost and high-accuracy positioning and navigation solutions. Inertial measurement unit (IMU) can provide an accurate inertial navigation solution in a short time but its positioning error increases fast with time due to the cumulative error of accelerometer measurement. On the other hand, ultrawideband (UWB) positioning and navigation accuracy will be affected by the actual environment and may lead to uncertain jumps even under line-of-sight (LOS) conditions. Therefore, it is hard to use a standalone positioning and navigation system to achieve high accuracy in indoor environments. In this article, we propose an integrated indoor positioning system (IPS) combining IMU and UWB through the extended Kalman filter (EKF) and unscented Kalman filter (UKF) to improve the robustness and accuracy. We also discuss the relationship between the geometric distribution of the base stations (BSs) and the dilution of precision (DOP) to reasonably deploy the BSs. The simulation results show that the prior information provided by IMU can significantly suppress the observation error of UWB. It is also shown that the integrated positioning and navigation accuracy of IPS significantly improves that of the least squares (LSs) algorithm, which only depends on UWB measurements. Moreover, the proposed algorithm has high computational efficiency and can realize real-time computation on general embedded devices. In addition, two random motion approximation model algorithms are proposed and evaluated in the real environment. The experimental results show that the two algorithms can achieve certain robustness and continuous tracking ability in the actual IPS.
Reducing Disruption of Circadian Temperature Rhythm Following Surgery (2001)

Temperature and other circadian rhythms are disrupted following surgery and other traumatic events. During recovery, coordination between temperature rhythms and other rhythmic physiologic processes is reduced. Studies of animals and humans have shown that return of synchrony is not immediate, but that it is important in the recovery process. The purpose of this study was to test a combination of cues that have been shown to adjust the timing of circadian temperature rhythm. The combined cues consisted of timed ingestion of caffeine and protein foods and adjustment of the sleep/wake cycle. The intervention was tested in 26 age- and gender-matched maxillofacial surgery patients. Patients were randomly assigned to control or experimental groups. Circadian temperature rhythm was measured by continuous monitoring with axillary probes and miniature recorders before and after surgery. Following surgery, both experimental and control subjects displayed 24-hour circadian temperature rhythms; however, the peak-to-trough difference was decreased more following surgery in the control subjects than in the subjects who had prepared for surgery by practicing the intervention. Control subjects also had less day-to-day stability in the phase of their rhythms following surgery. These results suggest that the intervention reduced circadian disruption following surgery and provides a way for patients to prepare themselves to resist rhythm changes.
Carbon‐Nanotube Fibers for Wearable Devices and Smart Textiles (2016)

Carbon-nanotube (CNT) fibers integrate such properties as high mechanical strength, extraordinary structural flexibility, high thermal and electrical conductivities, novel corrosion and oxidation resistivities, and high surface area, which makes them a very promising candidate for next-generation smart textiles and wearable devices. A brief review of the preparation of CNT fibers and recently developed CNT-fiber-based flexible and functional devices, which include artificial muscles, electrochemical double-layer capacitors, lithium-ion batteries, solar cells, and memristors, is presented.
Effects of FR167653 on ischemia-reperfusion injury: evaluation through preservation and transplantation in canine hearts. (1998)

FR 167653 seems to have a protective effect on tissue subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury during the acute phase after heart transplantation.
Cell-to-Cell Contact Results in a Selective Translocation of Maternal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Quasispecies across a Trophoblastic Barrier by both Transcytosis and Infection (2001)

Mother-to-child transmission can occur in utero, mainly intrapartum and postpartum in case of breastfeeding. In utero transmission is highly restricted and results in selection of viral variant from the mother to the child. We have developed an in vitro system that mimics the interaction between viruses, infected cells present in maternal blood, and the trophoblast, the first barrier protecting the fetus. Trophoblastic BeWo cells were grown as a tight polarized monolayer in a two-chamber system. Cell-free virions applied to the apical pole neither crossed the barrier nor productively infected BeWo cells. In contrast, apical contact with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) resulted in transcytosis of infectious virus across the trophoblastic monolayer and in productive infection correlating with the fusion of HIV-infected PBMCs with trophoblasts. We showed that viral variants are selected during these two steps and that in one case of in utero transmission, the predominant maternal viral variant characterized after transcytosis was phylogenetically indistinguishable from the predominant child's virus. Hence, the first steps of transmission of HIV-1 in utero appear to involve the interaction between HIV type 1-infected cells and the trophoblastic layer, resulting in the passage of infectious HIV by transcytosis and by fusion/infection, both leading to a selection of virus quasispecies.
The Value Premium (2005)

ABSTRACT The value anomaly arises naturally in the neoclassical framework with rational expectations. Costly reversibility and countercyclical price of risk cause assets in place to be harder to reduce, and hence are riskier than growth options especially in bad times when the price of risk is high. By linking risk and expected returns to economic primitives, such as tastes and technology, my model generates many empirical regularities in the cross‐section of returns; it also yields an array of new refutable hypotheses providing fresh directions for future empirical research.
Optimization of Nanopost Plasmonic Crystals for Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (2011)

We present experimental and theoretical studies of a type of Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) substrate composed of a metal coated square array of nanopost structures formed via soft nanoimprinting. These SERS substrates exhibit higher SERS intensities in comparison to those obtained with the corresponding square array of nanowell structures with similar spatial layouts and demonstrate multiple analyte detection using SERS. Three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (3D FDTD) simulations qualitatively capture the key features of these systems and suggest a route to the fabrication of optimized, highly efficient SERS substrates in silico. Collectively, the ease of fabrication, high sensitivities, and predictable responses suggest an attractive route to SERS substrates for portable chemical warfare agent detection, environmental monitors, and other applications.
A Location-Based Mechanism for Mobile Device Security (2009)

While mobile handheld devices, such as cell phones and PDAs, provide productivity benefits, they also pose new risks. A vital safeguard against unauthorized access to a devicepsilas contents is authentication. This paper describes a location-based authentication mechanism that employs trusted servers called policy beacons, which are used to provide location data and control device behavior. Mobile devices determine their proximity to available policy beacons and upon validation assume the designated organizational policy. The mechanism is designed to take advantage of Bluetooth functionality built into many current handheld devices used in organizational settings.
Combined radioimmunotherapy and radiotherapy of human colon carcinoma grafted in nude mice. (1995)

The effect of combined radioimmunotherapy (RIT) and fractionated external beam radiotherapy (RT) was assessed in two human colon cancer xenografts, Co112 and LS174T in nude mice. These tumors were selected for being resistant to RIT alone, as is usually the case in the clinical situation. Tumor-bearing mice were treated with a combination of five X-ray fractions over 5 days followed by RIT with two doses of 1.5 mCi 131I-labeled anticarcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody F(ab')2. In Co112 and LS174T, RIT alone achieved a regrowth delay similar to that of fractionated RT with total doses of 28 and 26 Gy, respectively. In both tumor types, an additive therapeutic effect, measured as increased regrowth delay or local control, was observed when combining RT of different dose levels with RIT. Normal tissue responses were assessed by monitoring acute peak skin reactions and blood cell count. Bone marrow depression for the combination treatment was similar to that of RIT alone; relative to skin, at equitoxic levels, no mice bearing Co112 tumors were locally controlled with a 32 Gy RT dose alone, while this RT combined with RIT gave a local control of 100%. These studies show a therapeutic benefit when external beam RT is combined with RIT.
‘If we get too close to your bones they'll go brittle’: women's initial fears about radiotherapy for early breast cancer (2007)

In discussing radiotherapy with patients, health professionals have a window of opportunity at the planning appointment, prior to the commencement of radiotherapy, to assess patients' understanding and concerns about radiotherapy, listen to their fears, address meanings they assign to radiotherapy and provide reassurance about radiotherapy and the management of side effects.
Gain normalization in a 4200 bps homomorphic vocoder (1990)

The authors describe a novel technique for coding the gains in a vector excitation homomorphic vocoder. In this system, the excitation signal, which is obtained by analysis-by-synthesis, consists of a part derived from a Gaussian codebook and a part derived from the past excitation. The authors show how the correlation between the two gain parameters of the excitation can be increased and how they can be jointly coded at a lower bit rate. This approach makes it possible to reduce the bit rate of the homomorphic vocoder from 4800 b/s to 4200 b/s with essentially no degradation in speech quality.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Adjustable AC capacitor for a single-phase induction motor (1993)

The most common practice for starting a single-phase induction machine (SPIM) is to install a starting capacitor in series with the auxiliary winding. In some applications, two capacitors are used. One is used during the starting period to help create the starting torque. The other one is used during the running condition to improve efficiency. The possibility of using an electronic switch in parallel with the running capacitor, thereby providing the equivalent of a starting capacitor, is discussed. The capacitor is shorted during each cycle to vary the effective size of the AC capacitor. By using this method, only one capacitor is used for both the starting and running condition, and a starting performance similar to that of the conventional method using two capacitors can be obtained.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Evidence for the Transfer of Sulfane Sulfur from IscS to ThiI during the in Vitro Biosynthesis of 4-Thiouridine inEscherichia coli tRNA (2000)

IscS from Escherichia coli is a cysteine desulfurase that has been shown to be involved in Fe-S cluster formation. The enzyme converts L-cysteine to L-alanine and sulfane sulfur (S(0)) in the form of a cysteine persulfide in its active site. Recently, we reported that IscS can donate sulfur for the in vitro biosynthesis of 4-thiouridine (s(4)U), a modified nucleotide in tRNA. In addition to IscS, s(4)U synthesis in E. coli also requires the thiamin biosynthetic enzyme ThiI, Mg-ATP, and L-cysteine as the sulfur donor. We now report evidence that the sulfane sulfur generated by IscS is transferred sequentially to ThiI and then to tRNA during the in vitro synthesis of s(4)U. Treatment of ThiI with 5-((2-iodoacetamido)ethyl)-1-aminonapthalene sulfonic acid (I-AEDANS) results in irreversible inhibition, suggesting the presence of a reactive cysteine that is required for binding and/or catalysis. Both ATP and tRNA can protect ThiI from I-AEDANS inhibition. Finally, using gel shift and protease protection assays, we show that ThiI binds to unmodified E. coli tRNA(Phe). Together, these results suggest that ThiI is a recipient of S(0) from IscS and catalyzes the ultimate sulfur transfer step in the biosynthesis of s(4)U.
Performance-optimal filtering (2019)

We define the concept of performance-optimal filtering to indicate the Bloom or Cuckoo filter configuration that best accelerates a particular task. While the space-precision tradeoff of these filters has been well studied, we show how to pick a filter that maximizes the performance for a given workload. This choice might be "suboptimal" relative to traditional space-precision metrics, but it will lead to better performance in practice. In this paper, we focus on high-throughput filter use cases, aimed at avoiding CPU work, e.g., a cache miss, a network message, or a local disk I/O - events that can happen at rates of millions to hundreds per second. Besides the false-positive rate and memory footprint of the filter, performance optimality has to take into account the absolute cost of the filter lookup as well as the saved work per lookup that filtering avoids; while the actual rate of negative lookups in the workload determines whether using a filter improves overall performance at all. In the course of the paper, we introduce new filter variants, namely the register-blocked and cache-sectorized Bloom filters. We present new implementation techniques and perform an extensive evaluation on modern hardware platforms, including the wide-SIMD Skylake-X and Knights Landing. This experimentation shows that in high-throughput situations, the lower lookup cost of blocked Bloom filters allows them to overtake Cuckoo filters.
A synthetic nanobody targeting RBD protects hamsters from SARS-CoV-2 infection (2021)

SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19<sup>1</sup>, features a receptor-binding domain (RBD) for binding to the host cell ACE2 protein<sup>1-6</sup>. Neutralizing antibodies that block RBD-ACE2 interaction are candidates for the development of targeted therapeutics<sup>7-17</sup>. Llama-derived single-domain antibodies (nanobodies, ~15 kDa) offer advantages in bioavailability, amenability, and production and storage owing to their small sizes and high stability. Here, we report the rapid selection of 99 synthetic nanobodies (sybodies) against RBD by in vitro selection using three libraries. The best sybody, MR3 binds to RBD with high affinity (K<sub>D</sub> = 1.0 nM) and displays high neutralization activity against SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.42 μg mL<sup>-1</sup>). Structural, biochemical, and biological characterization suggests a common neutralizing mechanism, in which the RBD-ACE2 interaction is competitively inhibited by sybodies. Various forms of sybodies with improved potency have been generated by structure-based design, biparatopic construction, and divalent engineering. Two divalent forms of MR3 protect hamsters from clinical signs after live virus challenge and a single dose of the Fc-fusion construct of MR3 reduces viral RNA load by 6 Log<sub>10</sub>. Our results pave the way for the development of therapeutic nanobodies against COVID-19 and present a strategy for rapid development of targeted medical interventions during an outbreak.
Estimation of Fuel Consumption using In-Vehicle Parameters (2011)

This Paper proposed the estimation method of fuel consumption from vehicle information through OBD-II. We assumed RPM, TPS had a relationship with fuel consumption. We got the output as fuel-consumption from a vehicle RPM, TPS as input by using polynomial equations. We had modeling as quadric function and surface function with OBD-II data and fuel consumption data supported by automotive company in real. In order to verify the effectiveness of proposed method, 5 km road-test was performed. The results showed that the proposed method can estimate precisely the fuel consumption from vehicle multi-data. It was observed that the proposed models using instantaneous engine RPM, TPS and (RPM, TPS) can predict the fuel consumption quite well with the coefficient of determination were 76%, 88% and 71% respectively.
Learning to Monitor Machine Health with Convolutional Bi-Directional LSTM Networks (2017)

In modern manufacturing systems and industries, more and more research efforts have been made in developing effective machine health monitoring systems. Among various machine health monitoring approaches, data-driven methods are gaining in popularity due to the development of advanced sensing and data analytic techniques. However, considering the noise, varying length and irregular sampling behind sensory data, this kind of sequential data cannot be fed into classiﬁcation and regression models directly. Therefore, previous work focuses on feature extraction/fusion methods requiring expensive human labor and high quality expert knowledge. With the development of deep learning methods in the last few years, which redeﬁne representation learning from raw data, a deep neural network structure named Convolutional Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory networks (CBLSTM) has been designed here to address raw sensory data. CBLSTM ﬁrstly uses CNN to extract local features that are robust and informative from the sequential input. Then, bi-directional LSTM is introduced to encode temporal information. Long Short-Term Memory networks(LSTMs) are able to capture long-term dependencies and model sequential data, and the bi-directional structure enables the capture of past and future contexts. Stacked, fully-connected layers and the linear regression layer are built on top of bi-directional LSTMs to predict the target value. Here, a real-life tool wear test is introduced, and our proposed CBLSTM is able to predict the actual tool wear based on raw sensory data. The experimental results have shown that our model is able to outperform several state-of-the-art baseline methods.
Cochlear proteins associated with noise-induced hearing loss: An update (2018)

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is one of the major occupational disease that has influence on the quality of life of mining workers. Several reports suggest NIHL is attributed to noise exposure at workplace and approximately 16% of hearing loss is due to it. NIHL occurs as a result of exposure to high-level noise (>85 dB) in the workplace. Noise disrupts proteins present in the micromachinery of the ear that is required for mechano-electric transduction of sound waves. High-level noise exposure can lead to hearing impairment owing to mechanical and metabolic exhaustion in cochlea, the major organ responsible for resilience of sound. Several key proteins of cochlea include tectorial membrane, inner hair cells, outer hair cells, and stereocilia are damaged due to high-level noise exposure. Numerous studies conducted in animals have shown cochlear proteins involvement in NIHL, but the pertinent literature remains limited in humans. Detection of proteins and pathways perturbed within the micromachinery of the ear after excessive sound induction leads toward the early identification of hearing loss. The situation insisted to present this review as an update on cochlear proteins associated with NIHL after an extensive literature search using several electronic databases which help to understand the pathophysiology of NIHL.
Monocyte Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Levels as a Predictor of Risk in Human Sepsis (1996)

Assessment of monocyte surface TNFR values may provide a rapid prognostic indicator for patients with sepsis who are at increased risk of death.
Novel Roles for ERK5 and Cofilin as Critical Mediators Linking ERα-Driven Transcription, Actin Reorganization, and Invasiveness in Breast Cancer (2014)

Identification of the ER/ERK5/CFL1 axis suggests new prognostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic avenues to moderate cancer aggressiveness.
Frequency splitting of the longitudinal modes of a ring dye laser due to backscattering (1991)

The degeneracy of the clockwise- and counterclockwise-traveling waves in a ring laser can be eliminated by linearly coupling the two waves by means of backscattering, which leads to a frequency splitting of the normal modes. In a theoretical treatment of this effect we stress the use of a standing-wave representation. We present, in particular, numerical results for the case in which the linear coupling is not much larger than the nonlinear coupling associated with gain saturation. We report experimental evidence of frequency splitting by analyzing the optical spectrum of a bidirectional ring dye laser with backscattering. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions.