gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Maintenance Drug Treatment of Panic Disorder (1993)

One hundred six patients diagnosed according to DSM-III as suffering from agoraphobia with panic disorder, panic disorder with limited phobic avoidance, or uncomplicated panic disorder entered an acute 8-week treatment phase. Patients who improved received an additional 6 months' maintenance treatment. Significantly more patients treated with alprazolam than with imipramine hydrochloride or placebo remained in therapy and experienced panic attack and phobia relief during the acute treatment phase. During the maintenance phase, neither tolerance nor daily dose increase was observed. All patients who completed the maintenance phase (27 in the alprazolam group, 11 in the imipramine group, and 10 in the placebo group) were panic free at the end of 8 months of study treatment. Alprazolam therapy was effective and well tolerated at a mean daily dose of 5.7 mg. Imipramine hydrochloride (175 mg/d) also produced significant panic relief but was associated with poor patient acceptance.
Enhanced Production of Chikungunya Virus-Like Particles Using a High-pH Adapted Spodoptera frugiperda Insect Cell Line (2014)

Chikungunya virus-like particles (VLPs) have potential to be used as a prophylactic vaccine based on testing in multiple animal models and are currently being evaluated for human use in a Phase I clinical trial. The current method for producing these enveloped alphavirus VLPs by transient gene expression in mammalian cells presents challenges for scalable and robust industrial manufacturing, so the insect cell baculovirus expression vector system was evaluated as an alternative expression technology. Subsequent to recombinant baculovirus infection of Sf21 cells in standard culture media (pH 6.2-6.4), properly processed Chikungunya structural proteins were detected and assembled capsids were observed. However, an increase in culture pH to 6.6-6.8 was necessary to produce detectable concentrations of assembled VLPs. Since this elevated production pH exceeds the optimum for growth medium stability and Sf21 culture, medium modifications were made and a novel insect cell variant (SfBasic) was derived by exposure of Sf21 to elevated culture pH for a prolonged period of time. The high-pH adapted SfBasic insect cell line described herein is capable of maintaining normal cell growth into the typical mammalian cell culture pH range of 7.0-7.2 and produces 11-fold higher Chikungunya VLP yields relative to the parental Sf21 cell line. After scale-up into stirred tank bioreactors, SfBasic derived VLPs were chromatographically purified and shown to be similar in size and structure to a VLP standard derived from transient gene expression in HEK293 cells. Total serum anti-Chikungunya IgG and neutralizing titers from guinea pigs vaccinated with SfBasic derived VLPs or HEK293 derived VLPs were not significantly different with respect to production method, suggesting that this adapted insect cell line and production process could be useful for manufacturing Chikungunya VLPs for use as a vaccine. The adaptation of Sf21 to produce high levels of recombinant protein and VLPs in an elevated pH range may also have applications for other pH-sensitive protein or VLP targets.
Modulation of cell surface fibronectin assembly sites by lysophosphatidic acid. (1994)

Lysophosphatidic acid is a product of activated platelets and has diverse actions on cells. We have characterized the effect of lysophosphatidic acid on cell-mediated binding and assembly of fibronectin, an extracellular matrix protein. Serum made from whole blood, but neither platelet-poor plasma nor serum made from platelet-poor plasma, caused enhanced binding of fibronectin to cultured fibroblastic cells. The ability of whole blood serum to enhance binding of fibronectin was abolished by phospholipase B. These results indicate that lysophosphatidic acid derived from platelets is the principal component in whole blood serum that is active in the fibronectin binding assay. 1-oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid, 20-200 nM, was as active as 0.1-0.2% whole blood serum. The stimulatory effect of lysophosphatidic acid on the binding of fibronectin or the amino-terminal 70-kD fragment of fibronectin was rapid, sustained, and lost upon removal of lysophosphatidic acid. The stimulatory effect on binding could not be duplicated by bradykinin, platelet-activating factor, bombesin, or a peptide agonist of the thrombin receptor. Enhanced binding of the 70-kD fragment was due to increases in both the number and affinity of binding sites. Enhanced binding and assembly of fibronectin correlated with changes in cell shape and actin-containing cytoskeleton. The binding sites for fibronectin on lysophosphatidic acid-stimulated cells, as assessed by fluorescence, video, and scanning electron microscopy, were on areas of cell membrane containing numerous filopodia that extended between cells or between cells and substratum. These observations suggest that lysophosphatidic acid functions as a powerful and specific modulator of cell shape and early matrix assembly during wound healing.
Laser beam scanning using computer-generated holograms (1976)

A new laser grating scanner concept with attractive capabilities is described. The grating used in this scanner is a computer-generated hologram. The constructional parameters of this type of computer-generated hologram are discussed. In addition to achieving a laser beam deflection, the computer-generated hologram can correct the curvature of the scanning beam. Experiments demonstrating the feasibility of this type of scanner in a drum and disk configuration are presented. Realization of two-dimensional scan patterns using computer-generated holograms is illustrated by experimental results.
Tc-99m-Labeled Tropanes as Dopamine Transporter Imaging Agents (1996)

The development of novel Tc-9m-labeled tropane derivatives as dopamine transporter imaging agents is reported. A series of neutral and lipophilic conjugated complexes, containing N-(alkylthiolato)-tropane, aminobis(ethylthiolato), and a [99mTc]TcO3+ center core, were prepared and evaluated as central nervous system (CNS) dopamine transporter imaging agents in rats. One of the compounds, [99mTC]technetium, [methyl 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-(2-mercaptoethyl-8-azabicyclo [3.2.1]octane-2-carboxylato-S][[2,2'-(methylimino)bis[eth anethiolato]] (2-)-N,S,S']oxo (25), displayed low initial uptake in rat brain (0.1% at 2 min post i.v. injection); the striatal/cerebellar (ST/CB) ratio reached 3.50 at 60 min after an i.v. injection. The specific uptake can be blocked by pretreating rats with a competing dopamine transporter binding agent, beta-CIT (RTI-55, N-methyl-2 beta-carbomethoxy-3 beta-(4-iodophenyl)tropane; i.v. 1 mg/kg), which reduced the regional brain uptake ratio (ST/CB) to 1.0. In contrast, the specific uptake in striatum was not affected by pretreating rats with a noncompeting ligand, haldol (i.v., 1 mg/kg). In vitro autoradiography of rat brain sections exhibited elevated labeling in striatum, major islands of Calleja, and olfactory tubercle regions, where dopamine neurons are known to be concentrated. This series of compounds is the first example of technetium-99m labeled CNS receptor-specific imaging agents and may provide a convenient source of short-lived imaging agents for routine diagnosis of CNS abnormality in conjunction with single photon emission computed tomography.
TCP-SuperCharger : A New Approach to High-Throughput Satellite Data Transfer (2010)

It is well-known that TCP does not perform well in modern satellite-based communications due to the channel's very large bandwidth-delay product. The conventional solution is to make use of TCP's Large Window Scale (LWS) extension as defined in RFC1323 to increase TCP's windows size. However this can only be done if either the operating system or the application can be modified to explicitly make use of TCP's LWS extension during connection setup. This work proposes a novel TCP-SuperCharger (TCP-SC) to enable TCP to fully utilize the underlying network bandwidth without modification to the applications or the operating system. TCP-SC is implemented as a gateway along the path between the sender and the receiver. By estimating the receiver's processing capacity, TCP-SC allows the sender to transmit more data than the amount of receiver buffer available. As modern computers are very fast compared to network speed, this prevents the receiver's buffer limit from restricting the throughput achievable by TCP. Experimental results show that TCP-SC can enable existing TCP with default buffer size (64 KB) to achieve 98% link utilization over a satellite link such as the WINDS communications satellite with 1,000 ms RTT and 24 Mbps bandwidth.
[Influence of nagE and manX knockout with red homologous recombination on the microbial production of glucosamine by Escherichia coli]. (2012)

Glucosamine (GlcN), also called amino sugar, is a compound derived from the substitution of a hydroxyl group of glucose molecule with an amino group. GlcN finds a wide-range of applications in health food and pharmaceutical industries. In our previous research, a recombinant Escherichia coli-glms-gnal was constructed for the efficient production of GlcN and N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), the latter can be readily deacetylated to GlcN under mild acidic conditions. However, the results indicated that the titer of GlcN and GlcNAc decreased significantly due to the transportation of GlcN and GlcNAc from the culture broth to the inside of cells. To alleviate or block the transportation process, nagE gene (encoding for the GlcNAc-specific transporter) and manX gene (encoding for the mannose transporter) were knocked out with the Red homologous recombination method, and two engineered strains, E. coli-glms-gna1-delta nagE (with nagE gene deletion) and E. coli-glms-gna1-delta nagE-delta manX (with nagE and manX genes deletion), were successfully constructed. The two strains were cultured in a 7-L fermentor for the production of GlcN and GlcNAc. The maximal GlcN concentration of control strain E. coli-glms-gnal reached 4.06 g/L, and the maximal GlcNAc concentration reached 41.46 g/L. The maximal GlcN and GlcNAc concentration of E. coli-glms-gna1-delta nagE reached 4.38 g/L and 71.80 g/L, respectively, which were 1.08-fold and 1.70-fold of those of E. coli-glms-gnal, respectively. The maximal GlcN and GlcNAc concentration of E. coli-glms-gnal-delta nagE-delta manX reached 4.82 g/L and 118.78 g/L, respectively, which were 1.20-fold and 2.86-fold of those of E. coli-glms-gnal, respectively. These results suggested that the deletion of nagE and manX could significantly increase the extracellular accumulation of GlcN and GlcNAc. The results obtained here maybe useful for the microbial GlcN production in an industrial scale.
An Analysis of Spurious Vibrations for a New Shape Length Extensional Mode Quartz Crystal Resonator (1991)

This paper describes the spurious vibrations for an innovative shape for a length extensional mode quartz crystal resonator. It consists of a vibrational portion and two supporting portions. The objects of this paper are to clarify theoretically the spurious vibrations which are very dependent on thickness and width of the vibrational portion, and to provide resonators with no jump of resonant frequency or series resistance versus temperature. The predicted results are then compared with the measured values. It is shown that resonators designed using the suggested optimum thickness-width relations have no discontinuities of frequency or resistance versus temperature.
Acyltransferases And Uses Therof In Fatty Acid Production (Patent CA 2804925 A1) (2011)

The present invention relates to the recombinant manufacture of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Specifically, it relates to acyltransferase polypeptides, polynucleotides encoding said acyltransferases as well as vectors, host cells, non-human transgenic organisms containing said polynucletides. Moreover, the present invention contemplates methods for the manufacture of polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as oils obtained by such methods.
Replicate/transfer bubble switch (1978)

A replicate/transfer switch compatible with the gap tolerant structure has been developed. The switch characteristics are superior to that of the existing switches both at the the 8-μm and 16-μm periods. The switch offers the advantages of good bias and phase margins, ease of fabrication, and reduced drive field requirements. In the 8-μm version the device requires a substantially lower drive field than the pickax design by virtue of reduced bubble-bubble interaction in the minor loops.
AKT Pathway Genes Define 5 Prognostic Subgroups in Glioblastoma (2014)

Activity of GFR/PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitors in glioblastoma clinical trials has not been robust. We hypothesized variations in the pathway between tumors contribute to poor response. We clustered GBM based on AKT pathway genes and discovered new subtypes then characterized their clinical and molecular features. There are at least 5 GBM AKT subtypes having distinct DNA copy number alterations, enrichment in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and patterns of expression for PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling components. Gene Ontology terms indicate a different cell of origin or dominant phenotype for each subgroup. Evidence suggests one subtype is very sensitive to BCNU or CCNU (median survival 5.8 vs. 1.5 years; BCNU/CCNU vs other treatments; respectively). AKT subtyping advances previous approaches by revealing additional subgroups with unique clinical and molecular features. Evidence indicates it is a predictive marker for response to BCNU or CCNU and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway inhibitors. We anticipate Akt subtyping may help stratify patients for clinical trials and augment discovery of class-specific therapeutic targets.
Real-time interleaved photoacoustic/ultrasound (PAUS) imaging for interventional procedure guidance (2015)

Ultrasound-guided photoacoustic imaging has shown great potential for many clinical applications including vascular visualization, detection of nanoprobes sensing molecular profiles, and guidance of interventional procedures. However, bulky and costly lasers are usually required to provide sufficient pulse energies for deep imaging. The low pulse repetition rate also limits potential real-time applications of integrated photoacoustic/ultrasound (PAUS) imaging. With a compact and low-cost laser operating at a kHz repetition rate, we aim to integrate photoacoustics (PA) into a commercial ultrasound (US) machine utilizing an interleaved scanning approach for clinical translation, with imaging depth up to a few centimeters and frame rates > 30 Hz. Multiple PA sub-frames are formed by scanning laser firings covering a large scan region with a rotating galvo mirror, and then combined into a final frame. Ultrasound pulse-echo beams are interleaved between laser firings/PA receives. The approach was implemented with a diode-pumped laser, a commercial US scanner, and a linear array transducer. Insertion of an 18-gauge needle into a piece of chicken tissue, with subsequent injection of an absorptive agent into the tissue, was imaged with an integrated PAUS frame rate of 30 Hz, covering a 2.8 cm × 2.8 cm imaging plane. Given this real-time image rate and high contrast (> 40 dB at more than 1-cm depth in the PA image), we have demonstrated that this approach is potentially attractive for clinical procedure guidance.
Archaeosome Vaccine Adjuvants for Cross‐Priming CD8 <sup>+</sup> T‐Cell Immunity (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Archaeal Lipid Structures Archaeosome Characteristics Adjuvant Effects of Archaeosomes Vaccine Applications Biocompatibility Summary and Future Challenges References
Benzenesulfonamide Derivatives as Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Inhibitors and Antiviral Agents against Dengue and Zika Virus Infections (2020)

Emerging and resurging mosquito-borne flaviviruses are an important public health challenge. The increased prevalence of dengue virus (DENV) infection has had a significant socioeconomic impact on epidemic countries. The recent outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) has created an international public health emergency because ZIKV infection has been linked to congenital defects and Guillain-Barré syndrome. To develop potentially prophylactic antiviral drugs for combating these acute infectious diseases, we have targeted the host calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) for inhibition. By using CaMKII structure-guided inhibitor design, we generated four families of benzenesulfonamide (BSA) derivatives for SAR analysis. Among these substances, <i>N</i>-(4-cycloheptyl-4-oxobutyl)-4-methoxy-<i>N</i>-phenylbenzenesulfonamide (<b>9</b>) showed superior properties as a lead CaMKII inhibitor and antiviral agent. BSA <b>9</b> inhibited CaMKII activity with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 0.79 μM and displayed EC<sub>50</sub> values of 1.52 μM and 1.91 μM against DENV and ZIKV infections of human neuronal BE(2)C cells, respectively. Notably, <b>9</b> significantly reduced the viremia level and increased animal survival time in mouse-challenge models.
Half-Bridge GaN Power ICs: Performance and Application (2017)

For a variety of switching power topologies, especially modern soft-switching or resonant designs, half-bridge circuits are essential, ubiquitous building blocks. Operating these half-bridge circuits-i.e., providing power and signal to a floating high-side switch at very high frequencies-can shrink magnetics and enable a dramatic reduction in size, cost, and weight while delivering faster charging. However, such frequency increases have eluded the industry for decades as silicon (Si) devices have been too slow and suffered from parasitic impedances between the driver, high-capacitance Si field-effect transistors (FETs), and poorly performing level-shifters or isolators. As a result, most converters still run at 65-100 kHz. This article describes the exploitation of monolithic, laterally integrated, high-voltage, gallium nitride (GaN) technology to create high-efficiency, high-performance, half-bridge GaN power integrated circuits (ICs), and it shows practical achievements in application efficiency, simultaneously with increased switching frequency, which deliver higher power density.
Infrared‐Transparent Mullite Ceramic (1983)

Mullite ceramic, transparent in the infrared, was prepared by hot‐pressing and hot‐isostatically pressing starting materials derived from alkyloxides. A composition with 72.3 wt% Al 2 O 3 yielded transparent, submicrometer grain size bodies at 1630°C, whereas higher temperatures produced glass‐containing microstructures. A composition with 76 wt% A1 2 O 3 formed precipitates of α‐Al 2 O 3 at the consolidation temperature, which could be removed by subsequent annealing between 1800° and 1850°C. Spectral transmittance and absorption coefficients of the bodies are reported. The formation of the second phases was linked to phase equilibria and grain growth that promoted compositional equilibration of the mullite phase. The results suggest adjustments to phase boundaries in the high‐temperature segment of the SiO 2 ‐Al 2 O 3 phase diagram.
Economic 3D-printing approach for transplantation of human stem cell-derived<i>β</i>-like cells (2016)

Transplantation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) differentiated into insulin-producing β cells is a regenerative medicine approach being investigated for diabetes cell replacement therapy. This report presents a multifaceted transplantation strategy that combines differentiation into stem cell-derived β (SC-β) cells with 3D printing. By modulating the parameters of a low-cost 3D printer, we created a macroporous device composed of polylactic acid (PLA) that houses SC-β cell clusters within a degradable fibrin gel. Using finite element modeling of cellular oxygen diffusion-consumption and an in vitro culture system that allows for culture of devices at physiological oxygen levels, we identified cluster sizes that avoid severe hypoxia within 3D-printed devices and developed a microwell-based technique for resizing clusters within this range. Upon transplantation into mice, SC-β cell-embedded 3D-printed devices function for 12 weeks, are retrievable, and maintain structural integrity. Here, we demonstrate a novel 3D-printing approach that advances the use of differentiated hPSC for regenerative medicine applications and serves as a platform for future transplantation strategies.
One Transistor Ferroelectric Memory Devices with Improved Retention Characteristics (2002)

We have fabricated Pb5Ge3O11 (PGO) MFMPOS (M: metal, F: ferroelectrics, P: polysilicon, O: oxide, S: silicon) memory transistor devices using metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) selective deposition, damascene structure and chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) processes. These processes have no need to etch the ferroelectric material. As a result, etching-induced damages are avoided. The one-transistor memory devices show memory windows around 2–3 V. The memory windows are almost saturated from operation voltage of 3 V. For the one transistor memory device, after writing the "off" state (-5 V), the drain current (ID) at a VD of 0.1 V and a VG of 0, 0.5, and 1 V is about 2×10-14 A. After writing the "on" state (+5 V), the drain current (ID) at a VD of 0.1 V and a VG of 0, 0.5, and 1 V is about 1×10-5 A. The ratio of the "on" state current to the "off" state current is close to 9 order. The 1 T devices show very good memory characteristics. The one-transistor memory devices also show very good retention properties.
A Novel Resistance Exercise Machine for Use in a Lower Body Negative Pressure Box to Counteract the Effects of Weightlessness (2013)

Physiological deconditioning is a critical problem in space, especially during long-term missions. Resistance exercise coupled with lower body negative pressure (LBNP) has been shown to be effective in counteracting some of the deconditioning related problems. This thesis describes the development of a compact and effective resistance exercise machine that works within an existing environmentally controlled LBNP Box and is designed to simulate both exercise and sitting, to prevent microgravity-induced deconditioning by simulating physiological and biomechanical features of upright exercise and daily activities. Theoretical calculations are carried out to determine whether kinematics, musculoskeletal loadings, and metabolic rate during supine exercise within the existing LBNP Box are similar to those of an upright posture in Earth gravity (1G). Preliminary results show subjects that use the resistance machine presented in this thesis will be able to elicit loads comparable to exercise on Earth, since the ground reaction forces (GRF) are greater than their body weight (BW). The largest single-leg forces during resistance exercise are 1.16 BW (232lbs) during supine position when γ, the angle between the horizontal and the ground pivot on the right side of the mechanism, equals 187 degrees and minimal at 0.68 BW (136lbs) when γ equals 177 degrees. At the lowest setting of the machine, peak resistance of the foot pedal during the outward stroke is 196 lbf. This force, added to the force due to the 50 mmHg of negative differential pressure, gives a total force of 400 lbf, which is 2 BW. The results suggest that this machine can be used to collect and establish a database under both terrestrial conditions and microgravity environments such as the International Space Station to enhance medical researchers' understanding of how LBNP paired with exercise impacts osteoporosis, orthostatic intolerance and cardiovascular health. The combination might also be used to enhance rehabilitation protocols.
Serologic Responses in Indeterminate Colitis Patients Before Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis May Determine Those at Risk for Continuous Pouch Inflammation (2005)

Indeterminate colitis patients who have a positive antibody reactivity profile before ileal pouch-anal anastomosis have a significantly higher incidence of continuous pouch inflammation after surgery than those with a negative profile.