gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Directional Roll-up of Nanomembranes Mediated by Wrinkling (2010)

We investigate the relaxation of rectangular wrinkled thin films intrinsically containing an initial strain gradient. A preferential rolling direction, depending on wrinkle geometry and strain gradient, is theoretically predicted and experimentally verified. In contrast to typical rolled-up nanomembranes, which bend perpendicular to the longer edge of rectangular patterns, we find a regime where rolling parallel to the longer edge of the wrinkled film is favorable. A nonuniform radius of the rolled-up film is well reproduced by elasticity theory and simulations of the film relaxation using a finite element method.
Biophysical Characterization of <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> CT584 Supports Its Potential Role as a Type III Secretion Needle Tip Protein (2009)

Chlamydia are obligate intracellular bacterial pathogens that cause a variety of diseases. Like many Gram-negative bacteria, they employ type III secretion systems (T3SS) for invasion, establishing and maintaining their unique intracellular niche, and possibly cellular exit. Computational structure prediction indicated that ORF CT584 is homologous to other T3SS needle tip proteins. Tip proteins have been shown to be localized to the extracellular end of the T3SS needle and play a key role in controlling secretion of effector proteins. We have previously demonstrated that T3SS needle tip proteins from different bacteria share many biophysical characteristics. To support the hypothesis that CT584 is a T3SS needle tip protein, biophysical properties of CT584 were explored as a function of pH and temperature, using spectroscopic techniques. Far-UV circular dichroism, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV absorbance spectroscopy, ANS extrinsic fluorescence, turbidity, right angle static light scattering, and analytical ultracentrifugation were all employed to monitor the secondary, tertiary, quaternary, and aggregation behavior of this protein. An empirical phase diagram approach is also employed to facilitate such comparisons. These analyses demonstrate that CT584 shares many biophysical characteristics with other T3SS needle tip proteins. These data support the hypothesis that CT584 is a member of the same functional family, although future biologic analyses are required.
Future design tools for platform FPGAs (2004)

According to current projections, programmable platforms will dominate ASIC design starts as the semiconductor industry moves to 90 nm process technology and beyond. In this paper, we assess the implications of this trend and explore the impact it will have on system-level design methodologies for FPGAs. We review current research and practice in system-level design and attempt to assess how much of the ASIC experience will be relevant to future FPGA designers.
A pipelined 650 MHz GaAs 8 K ROM with translation logic (2002)

The first commercially available GaAs 8 K ROM has been designed and manufactured using GigaBit Logic's 3-level metal E/D (enhancement/depletion) MESFET process. The worst-case clock frequency of 650 MHz has been obtained with a power dissipation of 3.5 W. The ROM is organized as 1 K*8 bits, and on-chip translation logic enables the ROM to have an effective 4 K*8 resolution when used as a sine look-up table. The ECL-compatible ROM is packaged in a standard 40-pin package. The pipeline architecture with a delayed internal clock scheme provides fast operation with maximum data valid time at the output of the ROM. The E/D MESFET process, architecture, circuit design, and test results are outlined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
tert-Butylimino-cyclopentadienyl-alkylvanadium(V)-Verbindungen Darstellung und NMR-spektroskopische Untersuchungen / tert-Butylimino-cyclopentadienyl-alkylvanadium(V) Compounds Synthesis and NMR Spectroscopic Studies (1990)

The cyclopentadienyl compounds t C 4 C 4 H 9 N=VCp(NH t C 4 C 4 H 9 )Cl, t C 4 C 4 H 9 N=VCp[N(SiMe 3 )2]Cl, t C 4 C 4 H 9 N=VCp(NH t C 4 C 4 H 9 )(R) (R = CH 3 , ⁿC 4 H 9 , 5C 4 H 9 , t C 4 H 9 , CH 2 SiMe 3 ), Li[( t C 41 H 9 N) 2 VCp(CH 3 )]-OEt 2 , t C 4 H 9 N=VCp 2 (NH t C 4 H 9 ) and t C 4 H 9 N=VCp(CH 3 ) 2 have been prepared starting from t C 4 H 9 N = V CpCl 2 . All compounds obtained are characterized by 1 H and 51 V NMR spectroscopy; the stability of monoalkylvanadium(V) complexes is discussed.
Enhancement of Voluntary Motor Function Following Spinal Cord Stimulation - Case Study (1986)

One patient with an incomplete traumatic myelopathy underwent epidural spinal cord stimulation for the management of severe intractable spasms, which were abolished by the stimulation. After several months of stimulation, the patient regained some voluntary motor function in the lower extremities. Voluntary motor control of the left quadriceps was present only when spinal cord stimulation was activated and stopped immediately after it was turned off. The effects could be consistently reproduced. EMG polygraphic recordings confirmed the results.
Excellent microwave absorption property of Graphene-coated Fe nanocomposites (2013)

Graphene has evoked extensive interests for its abundant physical properties and potential applications. It is reported that the interfacial electronic interaction between metal and graphene would give rise to charge transfer and change the electronic properties of graphene, leading to some novel electrical and magnetic properties in metal-graphene heterostructure. In addition, large specific surface area, low density and high chemical stability make graphene act as an ideal coating material. Taking full advantage of the aforementioned features of graphene, we synthesized graphene-coated Fe nanocomposites for the first time and investigated their microwave absorption properties. Due to the charge transfer at Fe-graphene interface in Fe/G, the nanocomposites show distinct dielectric properties, which result in excellent microwave absorption performance in a wide frequency range. This work provides a novel approach for exploring high-performance microwave absorption material as well as expands the application field of graphene-based materials.
Combinatorial Synthesis, Lead Identification, and Antitumor Study of a Chalcone‐Based Positional‐Scanning Library (2007)

A 175-member chalcone library was designed and synthesized from seven differently substituted acetophenones (A(1)-A(7)) and 25 differently substituted aryl or heteroaryl aldehydes (B(1)-B(25)). Potential lead compounds were identified by deconvolution of a two-dimensional library matrix via positional scanning, and the members of the most-active sub-libraries were synthesized and screened against crown-gall tumors with the aid of the potato-disc assay. The resulting hits gave rise to significant antitumor activities, with no antibacterial effect on the tumor-producing bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Two identified lead structures, (2E)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (A(1)B(9)) and the hydroxy analogue (2E)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (A(2)B(9)), are promising candidates to be developed into highly effective anticancer chemotherapeutics.
A Papova-Like Virus Infection of Splendid Parakeets (Neophema splendida) (1987)

The lesions associated with a papova-like virus infection in two splendid parakeets (Neophema splendida) are described. The most obvious microscopic lesion in both birds was enlargement of renal medullary collecting-duct epithelial cells. The nuclei of these cells were also enlarged, pleomorphic, and often bizarre, and intranuclear and intracytoplasmic virus-like particles (48 nm in diameter) were demonstrated within them. One bird also had a hepatopathy characterized by hepatocyte enlargement and nuclear pleomorphism.
Snail‐associated epithelial–mesenchymal transition promotes oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma motility and progression (2008)

The essential contribution of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to carcinoma progression is the loss of their epithelial characters, gain of mesenchymal marker expression, acquisition of migration, invasive activity and capability to pass through the basement membrane. In this study, we aimed to clarify the role of EMT regulator Snail, a zinc finger transcription factor, in human oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OESCC). Most OESCC cell lines expressed epithelial cell-cell adhesion molecules such as E-cadherin and claudin-1 and -7; however, TE-8 (Snail-positive) cells expressed mesenchymal marker vimentin but not E-cadherin and claudins. Transduction of ectopic Snail in TE-15 (Snail-negative) cells diminished expression of these epithelial adhesion molecules with promotion of cell migration, invasion and proliferation as well as the shift from cobblestone-like appearance to spindle morphology. In OESCC tissue samples, immunohistochemical analyses revealed that the nuclear Snail expression at the invasive front was correlated with the high levels of vimentin expression (p = 0.0061), which was conversely associated with reduced expressions of E-cadherin (p = 0.023), claudin-1 (p = 0.0246) and claudin-7 (p = 0.0161). Interestingly, elevated Snail expression at the invasive front of the OESCC was associated with higher incidence of lymphatic (p = 0.0143) and venous vessels invasion (p = 0.0029), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.0074) and clinicopathological tumour stage (p = 0.0057). According to the expressions of epithelial and mesenchymal markers, the tumours were subclassified into three groups, the epithelial-type OESCC and the complete or incomplete EMT-type OESCCs. Snail-positive tumours were frequently categorized into the complete- or incomplete-type EMT phenotypes. Our present results suggest the significance of Snail-associated EMT in the progression of OESCC. Snail-induced EMT at the invasive front of the OESCC can be a novel marker for the prediction of metastasis.
Overproduction, Purification, and Characterization of Ferrochelatase from Escherichia coli1 (1994)

To establish a system for overproduction of the ferrochelatase [EC 4.99.1.1] from Escherichia coli, a plasmid designated pFC3 was constructed. The 35-kDa protein was accumulated in E. coli DH5 alpha cells that harbored pFC3 to a level equal to approximately 9% of the total protein (roughly 50 mg/liter) upon thermal induction. This 35-kDa protein was identified as the ferrochelatase of E. coli by Western blotting and amino-terminal amino acid sequence analysis. The protein with ferrochelatase activity was purified from the cells by three simple steps with a yield of 17%. The optimum pH of the purified enzyme was around 8.0. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 35-kDa from column chromatography on Sephacryl S-300, a value consistent with that estimated from SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, suggesting that the enzyme is a monomer. The isoelectric point of the enzyme was approximately 4.7. Determination of the far-ultraviolet circular dichroism spectrum allowed us to calculate the alpha-helix and beta-sheet contents of the enzyme as 10 +/- 0.2 and 39 +/- 0.2%, respectively. High-level production of the ferrochelatase from E. coli will greatly facilitate detailed structural analysis of this protein.
A Solar Power-Assisted Battery Balancing System for Electric Vehicles (2018)

This paper proposes a solar power-assisted electric vehicle battery balancing system. There are three operation modes of the system: solar-balancing, storage-balancing, and charge balancing. The solar-balancing mode charges the battery module with the lowest state of charge (SOC) using the solar power during vehicle driving; the charge-balancing mode is operated when the vehicle is parked and being charged by the conventional charger. Under this mode, the balancing circuit discharges the battery module with the highest SOC by transferring the energy to an additional storage cell while the solar panel also charges the storage cell independently at the same time if solar power is available. When the solar power is low, the storage-balancing mode will be selected to charge the battery module with the lowest SOC using energy stored in the storage cell. This system eliminates the energy loss that would otherwise happen in conventional active and passive balancing schemes by equalizing the battery using solar/stored energy in the storage cell. A 48-V battery pack with four 12-V battery modules system is simulated and tested. A prototype system is developed to prove the concept. The simulation and experimental results verify that the proposed system not only achieves the same balancing performance as conventional balancing circuits, but also effectively increases the overall usable battery energy by 2.1%-3.3% every 13.2 km.
Cycling of Wnt Signaling (2010)

The activity of the Wnt receptor LRP6 is regulated in a cell cycle–dependent manner.
Simple fly-by-wire actuator (2002)

The research and development of a simple fly-by-wire (FBW) hydraulic actuator is described. The actuator incorporated a pair of two-position valves for fluid metering. The valves were designed for high response and were driven by a pulse-width-modulated control signal. The actuator was designed to have the nominal force, slew rate, and frequency response of an F-16 Horizontal Tail/Flaperon Integrated Servo Actuator (ISA) when operating with one hydraulic supply system. The simple actuator configuration demonstrated control characteristics and input/output performance characteristics that equal or exceed other FBW actuator configurations (particularly the characteristics of frequency response and threshold). The power input for the control valves (29 W at 100% modulation) is consistent with modern direct drive FBW analog control valve power requirements. The response time for the valves was satisfactory for the control of the actuator.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Structural modification and new methods for preparation of ofloxacin analogs (1991)

Reaction of ethyl 2-(2,4-dichloro-5-fluoro-3-nitrobenzoyl)-3-ethoxyacrylate IIb with 2-amino-1-propanol provided corresponding compound IIIb which under alkaline conditions underwent an aromatic denitrocyclization reaction which after alkaline saponification provided 10-chloro-9-fluoro-3-methyl-7-oxo-7 H -pyrido[1,2,3- de ][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid Vd . Treatment of 8-hydroxyquinolone VIII with 3-bromopropyne in the presence of sodium hydrogen carbonate provided methylene derivative VIIb which was saponified into a appropriate acid VIIc . Compound VIIb treated with N-methylpiperazine and then saponified yielded VIIa . Hydrogenation of 3-methylene derivative VIIb provided 3-methyl derivative Va .
Inhibition of Fungal Growth and Induction of a Novel Volatilome in Response to Chromobacterium vaccinii Volatile Organic Compounds (2020)

The study of chemical bioactivity in the rhizosphere has recently broadened to include microbial metabolites, and their roles in niche construction and competition via growth promotion, growth inhibition, and toxicity. Several prior studies have identified bacteria that produce water-soluble or volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with antifungal activities, indicating their potential use as biocontrol organisms to suppress phytopathogenic fungi and reduce agricultural losses. We sought to expand the roster of soil bacteria with known antifungal properties by screening 68 bacterial isolates from wild and cultivated cranberry bog soils for organic compounds that inhibit the growth of four common fungal and oomycete plant pathogens, and Trichoderma sp. A quarter of the screened isolates inhibited the growth of at least one fungus by the production of soluble and/or volatile organic compounds. Isolates of Chromobacterium vaccinii had broad antifungal activity via production of both soluble and volatile compounds, with VOC growth inhibition as high as 90% for some fungi. Fungi exposed to C. vaccinii VOCs had extensive morphological abnormalities such as swollen hyphal cells, vacuolar depositions, and cell wall alterations. Quorum-insensitive cviR- mutants of C. vaccinii were significantly less fungistatic, indicating a role for quorum regulation in the production of antifungal compounds. We collected and characterized volatiles from co-cultivation assays of Phoma sp. exposed to wild-type C. vaccinii MWU328, and its cviR- mutant using stir bar sorptive extraction and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography – time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SBSE-GC×GC-TOFMS), and detected 53 VOCs that differ significantly in abundance between microbial cultures and media controls, including three candidate quorum-regulated fungistatic VOCs produced by C. vaccinii. Additionally, the metabolomes of the bacterial-fungal co-cultures were not the sum of the mono-culture VOCs, an emergent property of their volatile-mediated interactions. These data suggest semiochemical feedback loops between the microbes that have co-evolved for sensing and responding to exogenous VOCs.
Detection of group B rotaviruses in fecal samples from diarrheic calves and adult cows and characterization of their VP7 genes (1997)

Groups A, B, and C rotaviruses have been identified in cattle. Group B rotaviruses are associated with sporadic cases of diarrhea in calves and adult cows. From diagnostic submissions to our laboratory, 90 fecal samples from cases of calf diarrhea, 81 fecal samples from cases of adult cow diarrhea (winter dysentery), and 20 fecal samples from case control normal adult cows were tested for group B rotaviruses by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR (targeting 279 bp of the VP7 gene). In addition, 53 fecal samples from diarrheic adult cows were tested for group B rotaviruses by immune electron microscopy (IEM). By RT-PCR, five samples from calves were group B rotavirus positive (5.6%). Fifteen samples from adult cows with diarrhea were group B rotavirus positive (18.5%), and none of the control fecal samples from normal cows were positive for group B rotaviruses. By PAGE, one calf sample (RT-PCR positive) was group B rotavirus positive (short electropherotype), but none of the adult cow samples were positive for group B rotaviruses. By IEM, 5 (9.4%) of the 53 fecal samples from diarrheic adult cows were group B positive (all were also RT-PCR positive). The VP7 genes of three strains (WD653 from an adult cow and the ATI and Mebus calf strains) were sequenced. The VP7 genes from the three bovine strains showed high (over 90%) nucleotide and deduced amino acid homologies, but lower homologies (48 to 61%) were seen between these genes and the genes from rodent (IDIR) and human (ADRV) group B rotaviruses. Although there were some differences of degree, all inoculated gnotobiotic calves (n = 6) showed abnormal feces between 1 and 3 days after inoculation with each of three strains of group B bovine rotaviruses, and group B rotaviruse, were detected in the feces for up to 2 weeks by RT-PCR but for shorter periods by PAGE or IEM.
Boosting algorithms for a session-based, context-aware recommender system in an online travel domain (2019)

To keep up with a highly competitive the online hotel booking sector, it is necessary to develop fast and robust recommender systems. The 2019 RecSys Challenge is focused on ways we may use session-based and context-aware signals from users to improve the quality of hotel booking recommendations. In this paper, we present our approach to the challenge. We focus on the proper problem representation, feature extraction, and model blending. Our team achieved the 1st place out of 500 teams in the challenge, with the final MRR score of 0.685711.
Metrology and the State: Science, Revenue, and Commerce (2004)

"Natural measures of quantity, such as fathoms, cubits, inches, taken from the proportion of the human body, were once in use with every nation," taught Adam Smith in his lecture "Money as the measure of value and medium of exchange," delivered in 1763. "But by a little observation," he continued, "they found that one man's arm was longer or shorter than another's, and that one was not to be compared with the other; and therefore wise men who attended to these things would endeavour to fix upon some more accurate measure, that equal quantities might be of equal values. Their method became absolutely necessary when people came to deal in many commodities, and in great quantities of them." Smith's comments and the rationale underpinning them became increasingly urgent toward the end of the eighteenth century.
The Patatin‐Like Phospholipase Domain Containing Protein 7 Facilitates VLDL Secretion by Modulating ApoE Stability (2020)

PNPLA7 plays a critical role in regulating hepatic VLDL secretion by modulating ApoE stability through its interaction with ApoE.
Electrospinning of polymer nanofibres from multiple jets on a porous tubular surface (2006)

A novel method for the electrospinning of multiple polymer jets into nanofibres is presented. In this work, 20 wt% nylon 6 solution was electrified and pushed by air pressure through the walls of a porous polyethylene tube. Multiple jets formed on the porous surface and electrospun into nanoscale fibres. The length weighted fibre diameters have a similar mean diameter to those from a single jet but broader in distribution. The mass production rate from the porous tube is 250 times greater than from a typical single jet.
Collagenase in scleroderma. (1975)

Collagenase activity was measured by direct assay in skins from 12 patients afflicted with systemic sclerosis. In seven of those cases where extensive involvement of the forearm and trunk skin existed, collagenase activity of the involved skin was minimal or absent. Moreover, in the same patient, regions of marked skin involvement (e.g., forearm) showed no collagenase activity, when clinically uninvolved areas (thigh) exhibited normal or nearly normal levels of enzyme activity. In other patients where clinical symptoms were systemic and not associated significantly with the skin, collagenase activity approximated normal levels. Measurements of collagenase activity and tensile strength in another condition (basal cell carcinoma) that includes changes in mechanical properties of skin that any be regarded as the opposite end of the spectrum from those of sclerodermatous skin support a general correlation between collagenase activity and tensile strength. These studies indicate that the major defect responsible for the hidebound skin lesions of scleroderma may be decreased collagenase activity.
Implementation and comparison of two transformed reflection coefficient scalar quantization methods (1980)

Based upon the theoretical development of a recent paper on scalar parameter quantization of speech reflection coefficients, an experimental comparison study of two quantization methods was undertaken. The first method, called uniform sensitivity quantization, makes use of measured sensitivity data from speech parameters to obtain quantization tables. Log area and inverse sine transformation followed by uniform quantization are examples of approaches which are considered in this category (with the inverse sine approach theoretically resulting in the uniform sensitivity solution). The second method is called minimum expected spectral deviation or minimum deviation quantization. This approach theoretically makes use of the probability density of each parameter in addition to the parameter sensitivity. A practical implementation of this method is presented here along with computer programs and then a comparison with the uniform sensitivity method is given. Quantitative results and subjective evaluation by an experienced listener indicate that moderate to substantial bit savings can be obtained by using the minimum deviation method which embeds parameter probability density information into the quantization process.