gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Effect of new zhengtian pill on 5-hydroxytryptamine content in platelet and plasma of migraine patients]. (1996)

Changes of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) content in platelet and plasma before and after New Zhengtian Pill (NZTP) therapy in migraine patients were assayed with fluorospectrophotometry. Results showed that during the period of attack, the platelet 5-HT level of patients in comparing with normal control group, was increased (P < 0.05) but the plasma 5-HT level decreased (P < 0.01) and the ratio of the platelet and plasma 5-HT was abnormal P < 0.01. While during the intermittent period the 5-HT was increased both in platelet and plasma and the ratio of intra- and extra-platelet 5-HT was normal. Also, in comparing with before treatment, the post-treatmental plasma levels of 5-HT in patients with or without acute attack were all increased, the above-mentioned 5-HT ratio was also resumed obviously (P < 0.05). This study revealed that both the plasma 5-HT and platelet 5-HT levels and their ratio of patients in acute attack period were abnormal, which might be the pathogenetic basis of migraine. It suggested the mechanism of NZTP in treating migraine might be through its action on absorption, releasing and metabolism of 5-HT by platelet and maintaining a physiologic balance in them.
Towards label-free 3D segmentation of optical coherence tomography images of the optic nerve head using deep learning (2020)

Recently proposed deep learning (DL) algorithms for the segmentation of optical coherence tomography (OCT) images to quantify the morphological changes to the optic nerve head (ONH) tissues during glaucoma have limited clinical adoption due to their device specific nature and the difficulty in preparing manual segmentations (training data). We propose a DL-based 3D segmentation framework that is easily translatable across OCT devices in a label-free manner (i.e. without the need to manually re-segment data for each device). Specifically, we developed 2 sets of DL networks: the 'enhancer' (enhance OCT image quality and harmonize image characteristics from 3 devices) and the 'ONH-Net' (3D segmentation of 6 ONH tissues). We found that only when the 'enhancer' was used to preprocess the OCT images, the 'ONH-Net' trained on any of the 3 devices successfully segmented ONH tissues from the other two unseen devices with high performance (Dice coefficients > 0.92). We demonstrate that is possible to automatically segment OCT images from new devices without ever needing manual segmentation data from them.
Pattern matrix design of PDMA for 5G UL applications (2016)

Pattern division multiple access (PDMA), which is a novel non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), has been proposed to address the challenges of massive connectivity and higher spectral efficiency for fifth generation (5G) mobile network. The performance of PDMA mainly depends on the design of PDMA pattern matrix. In this paper, pattern matrix design of PDMA for 5G uplink (UL) applications in massive machine type communication (mMTC) and enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) deployment scenarios are studied. The design criteria and examples for application in UL mMTC and UL eMBB are investigated. The performance of the PDMA pattern matrix is analyzed with the discrete constellation constrained capacity (CC-Capacity), and verified by Monte Carlo simulation. The simulation results show that the preferred PDMA pattern matrix can achieve good performance with different overloading factors (OF).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Apocynin, a Choleretic Constituent of Picrorhiza kurroa and Its Homologues. (1988)

Abstract Grignard reaction of vanillin acetate (I) with the halides (II) and dehydration of the carbinols thus obtained yields the title compound apocynin (IIIa) (found also to be a constituent of Apocyanum species) together with its derivatives (IIIb)‐(IIIf) (no yields given).
Resting‐state oscillatory dynamics in sensorimotor cortex in benign epilepsy with centro‐temporal spikes and typical brain development (2015)

Benign Epilepsy with Centro-Temporal Spikes (BECTS) is a common childhood epilepsy associated with deficits in several neurocognitive domains. Neurophysiological studies in BECTS often focus on centro-temporal spikes, but these correlate poorly with morphology and cognitive impairments. To better understand the neural profile of BECTS, we studied background brain oscillations, thought to be integrally involved in neural network communication, in sensorimotor areas. We used independent component analysis of temporally correlated sources on magnetoencephalography recordings to assess sensorimotor resting-state network activity in BECTS patients and typically developing controls. We also investigated the variability of oscillatory characteristics within focal primary motor cortex (M1), localized with a separate finger abduction task. We hypothesized that background oscillations would differ between patients and controls in the sensorimotor network but not elsewhere, especially in the beta band (13-30 Hz) because of its role in network communication and motor processing. The results support our hypothesis: in the sensorimotor network, patients had a greater variability in oscillatory amplitude compared to controls, whereas there was no difference in the visual network. Network measures did not correlate with age. The coefficient of variation of resting M1 peak frequency correlated negatively with age in the beta band only, and was greater than average for a number of patients. Our results point toward a "disorganized" functional sensorimotor network in BECTS, supporting a neurodevelopmental delay in sensorimotor cortex. Our findings further suggest that investigating the variability of oscillatory peak frequency may be a useful tool to investigate deficits of disorganization in neurodevelopmental disorders.
Kaposi sarcoma in Okinawa (1992)

Six cases of Kaposi sarcoma have been diagnosed within a short time span where this condition has previously been said to be rare. The studies suggest a vascular endothelial cell origin and growth factor regulated growth for this tumor.
Steroid-Responsive Primary T-cell Lymphoma in the Brain: Report of a Case (2001)

A case of primary TH lymphoma involving the splenium of the corpus callosum and the parietal lobes was presented in a 64 year-old woman with symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. CT scans showed a mass in the splenium of the corpus callosum extending into both parietal lobes. Perifocal white matter edema with small central necrosis was also noted in the lesion. Malignant T-cell lymphoma was diagnosed following a stereotatic biopsy by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Because of the marked cerebral edema and the immunohistochemical identifications of glucocorticoid receptors on the lymphoma T cells, dexamethasone was administered intravenously. A dramatic tumor regression was noted by computer-assisted tomography on the 12th day after treatment, and complete remission of the
tumor was noted within three weeks. We recommend that steroid treatment should be considered as an initial regimen for intracranial T cell lymphomas positive for glucocorticoid receptors.
Electrochemical and Morphological Characterization of Pt–Cu Dealloying (2005)

The results of morphological and electrochemical characterizations of , , and dealloying in are presented. The critical potential values for these systems were measured and compared to previously reported results for the Ag–Au system. The differences between the systems are discussed in terms of their relative surface diffusivity values. Based on potential hold data, the dealloying critical potentials for , , and are 0.565, 0.730, and , respectively, vs a normal hydrogen reference electrode. The critical overpotentials for dealloying in the Cu–Pt system were found to be approximately greater than that for similar compositions in the Ag–Au system.
Advanced Technologies for High Quality LC Display (2008)

For achieving high quality LC displays, advanced-MVA mode was proposed to wide the viewing angle, 4-color filed sequential method was utilized to increase the optical efficiency, and the local controlled LED backlight was applied to much improve the contrast and lower the power consumption.
A general parametric model for perceptual video quality estimation (2010)

In this paper a general parametric model is proposed which provides estimation for the perceived quality of video, coded with different codecs, at any bit rate and display format. The proposed model takes into account video content, using an objective estimation of the spatial-temporal activity, based on the average SAD (Sum of Absolute Differences) for the clip. Studies were made for more than 2000 processed video clips, coded in MPEG-2 and H.264/AVC, in bit rate ranges from 25 kb/s to 12 Mb/s, in SD, VGA, CIF and QCIF display formats. The results shows that the proposed model fits very well to the perceived video quality, in any combination of codec, bit rate and display format.
Base‐Promoted Approach to Highly Functionalized Conjugated Dienes through Enamine Migration (2015)

Abstract An efficient and chemoselective nitrogen nucleophilic addition/enamine migration cascade reaction was explored, in which a range of enaminones and propynyl carbonyl compounds were converted into highly functionalized conjugated diene derivatives in good to high yields. The mechanism of the intermolecular enamine migration pathway was proposed according to the results of a cross reaction. This method provides a new and direct approach for the synthesis of conjugated diene motifs.
Upregulation of <i>O</i><sup>6</sup>-alkylguanine-DNA-alkyltransferase expression and the presence of double minute chromosomes in alkylating agent selected Chinese hamster cells (1992)

Chinese hamster V79 lung fibroblasts are sensitive to the toxic effects of chloroethylating agents such as mitozolomide (Mz) and express very low levels (less than 2 fmol/mg) of the DNA repair enzyme O6-alkylguanine-DNA-alkyltransferase (ATase). These cells were subjected to selection by treatment with serially increasing doses of Mz. After each dose, the surviving population was expanded and ATase activity was determined in cell extracts. ATase specific activity increased stepwise and in cells surviving selection at 120 micrograms/ml Mz had reached 430 fmol/mg protein: polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and fluorography showed the size of the ATase as 25 kDa. Cytological examination of these cells showed the presence of double minute (DM) chromosomes (mean approximately 3/cell) but no obvious homogeneously staining regions. In cells grown in continuous culture without further selection no marked decrease in ATase activity or DM frequency was observed. Karyotype analysis and DNA profiling confirmed that the parent and selected cells were of the same origin with, in the latter case, the probable loss or gain of a single restriction endonuclease site. No major differences were seen in the intensity of hybridization signals following Southern analyses of DNA from control and Mz selected cells using the human ATase cDNA as a probe. These results indicate that the ATase gene is not amplified in the Mz selected cells and suggest that increased ATase activity is a consequence only of increased transcription or translation of the ATase gene.
A new design for air transducers (2003)

Air transducers in the 0.5-10-MHz frequency range are made with either one or two matching layers for broadband and efficient coupling of ultrasound into air. The authors present a design for the optimum value of the impedance of a second matching layer of maximum bandwidth and insertion loss. Theoretical designs predict a functional bandwidth of 30% and a two-way insertion loss of 35 dBs for a device operating at 1 MHz. Experimental results are in excellent agreement with theory. Silica aerogel samples are characterized, and designs that demonstrate their potential as matching layers for air transducer applications are shown. Also, results of transmission imaging through carbon-epoxy and Kevlar-epoxy samples are shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The MediaEval 2013 Brave New Task: Emotion in Music. (2013)

Music is composed to be emotionally expressive. Emotional associations of music thus provide an especially natural feature for music indexing and recommendation. Emotion in Music Task is abrave new task addressing emotional characterization of music. In addressing the difficulties of emotion annotation we have turned to crowdsourcing, using Amazon Mechanical Turk. The dataset consists entirely of Creative Commons music from the Free Music Archive, which as the name suggests, can be shared freely without restrictions. In this paper, the dataset collection, annotations, and evaluation criteria as well as the two required and optional runs are described. 1.
Mass Spectrometric Identification of Degradation Products of Insulin and Its Long-Acting Analogues in Human Urine for Doping Control Purposes (2007)

The search for target analytes to uncover the misuse of long acting insulin analogues (Lantus, Insulin Glargine; Levemir, Insulin Detemir) in doping control samples led to the identification of several degradation products of insulin or its synthetic analogues. Specimens obtained from healthy volunteers or patients and athletes suffering from diabetes mellitus contained DesB30, DesB24-30, and DesB25-30 human insulin or DesB30-32, DesB31-32, and DesB24-32 Lantus, respectively. Analytes were purified from urine by immunoaffinity chromatography (IAC) with subsequent liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. The employed analytical procedure was validated for qualitative determination considering the main metabolic products DesB30 human insulin and DesB30-32 Lantus. The occurrence of the identified Lantus degradation products in urine provided the direct and unambiguous evidence for an administration of this insulin analogue. For the determination of surreptitious Levemir or recombinant human insulin applications, an unequivocal argument was not detected, but promising approaches based on a modified insulin degradation profile with altered relative intensities of metabolites are presented.
Redox State and O<sub>2</sub><sup>•-</sup>Production in Neutrophils of Crohn's Disease Patients (2006)

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the intracellular redox state and respiratory burst (RB) in neutrophils of patients with Crohn's disease (CD). The intracellular redox state and RB in neutrophils was assessed by the superoxide anion (O2*-) production induced in these cells after stimulation by various factors related to the molecular mechanisms that, if altered, may be responsible for an abnormal immune response. This can, in part, cause the onset of inflammation and tissue damage seen in CD. This study demonstrated a decreased glutathione/glutathione disulfide (GSH/GSSG) ratio index of an increased oxidative state in CD patient neutrophils. Moreover, our findings showed a decrease in tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha)- or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced O2*- production in CD patient neutrophils adherent to fibronectin as compared with controls. A decreased adhesion was also demonstrated. For this reason, the involvement of altered mechanisms of protein kinase C (PKC) and beta-integrin activation in CD patient neutrophils is suggested. These data also showed that the harmful effects of TNF-alpha cannot be caused by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by neutrophils. Decreased cell viability after a prolonged time of adhesion (20 hrs) was also measured in CD patient neutrophils. The findings of this study demonstrate, for the first time, that granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a compound recently used in CD therapy, is able to activate the RB for a prolonged time both in control and CD patient neutrophils. Increased viability of CD patient neutrophils caused by GM-CSF stimulation was also observed. In conclusion, our results indicate that decreased O2*- production and adhesion, caused, in part, by an anomalous response to TNF-alpha, together with low GSH level and low cell viability, may be responsible for the defective neutrophil function found in CD patients. This can contribute to the chronic inflammation and relapses that characterize this pathology. A possible role of GM-CSF in inducing O2*- production and in restoring the defensive role of neutrophils in CD patients is suggested.
Effect of Interleukin-10 on Gut-Derived Sepsis Caused by<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>in Mice (1998)

We evaluated the protective effect of interleukin-10 (IL-10) against murine gut-derived sepsis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Gut-derived sepsis was induced by administering cyclophosphamide and ampicillin while feeding P. aeruginosa to specific-pathogen-free mice. Treating mice with recombinant human IL-10 (rhIL-10) at 1.0 or 5.0 microg/mouse twice a day following the second cyclophosphamide administration significantly increased the survival rate compared to that of control mice treated with saline; however, treatment with rhIL-10 at 0.1 microg/mouse did not result in significant protection. Bacterial counts in the liver, spleen, and blood were all significantly lower in mice treated with rhIL-10 than in saline-treated control mice. Treatment with rhIL-10 significantly suppressed tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, and gamma interferon levels in the serum of mice following induction of gut-derived sepsis. We also studied the effect of IL-10 on leukocyte recovery after cyclophosphamide treatment of mice. Administration of rhIL-10 intraperitoneally at 1. 0 microg/mouse significantly accelerated the recovery of leukocytes in comparison with that of the group of saline-treated controls. These results indicate that IL-10 shows a protective effect against gut-derived P. aeruginosa sepsis. We suspect that the mechanism of this effect is that IL-10 regulates in vivo production of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, acceleration of leukocyte recovery by IL-10 after cyclophosphamide-induced depression may also play an important role in this protection.
Mapping remodeling of thalamocortical projections in the living <i>reeler</i> mouse brain by diffusion tractography (2013)

A major challenge in neuroscience is to accurately decipher in vivo the entire brain circuitry (connectome) at a microscopic level. Currently, the only methodology providing a global noninvasive window into structural brain connectivity is diffusion tractography. The extent to which the reconstructed pathways reflect realistic neuronal networks depends, however, on data acquisition and postprocessing factors. Through a unique combination of approaches, we designed and evaluated herein a framework for reliable fiber tracking and mapping of the living mouse brain connectome. One important wiring scheme, connecting gray matter regions and passing fiber-crossing areas, was closely examined: the lemniscal thalamocortical (TC) pathway. We quantitatively validated the TC projections inferred from in vivo tractography with correlative histological axonal tracing in the same wild-type and reeler mutant mice. We demonstrated noninvasively that changes in patterning of the cortical sheet, such as highly disorganized cortical lamination in reeler, led to spectacular compensatory remodeling of the TC pathway.
Partial Agonist Activity of 11-cis-Retinal in Rhodopsin Mutants (1997)

Rhodopsin, the photoreceptor molecule of the vertebrate rod cell, is a G protein-coupled receptor. Rhodopsin consists of the opsin apoprotein and its 11-cis-retinal chromophore, which is covalently bound to a specific lysine residue by a stable protonated Schiff base linkage. Rhodopsin activation occurs when light causes photoisomerization of the 11-cis chromophore to its all-trans form. The all-trans chromophore is the receptor agonist. The 11-cis-retinylidene chromophore is analogous pharmacologically to a potent inverse agonist of the receptor. We report here that replacement of a highly conserved glycine residue (Gly121) causes 11-cis-retinal to become a pharmacologic partial agonist. Although the mutant apoproteins do not display constitutive activity, they are active in the dark when bound to an 11-cis-retinylidene chromophore, or to a "locked" chromophore analogue, Ret-7. The degree of partial agonism is directly related to the size of the amino acid replacement at position 121, and it can be reversed by a specific second-site replacement of Phe261. Thus, mutation of Gly121 in rhodopsin causes 11-cis-retinal to act as a partial agonist rather than an inverse agonist, allowing the mutant pigment to activate transducin in the dark.
Delay and Area Efficient First-level Cache Soft Error Detection and Correction (2006)

Soft error rates are an increasing problem in modern VLSI circuits. Commonly used error correcting codes reduce soft error rates in large memories and second level caches but are not suited to small fast memories such as first level caches, due to the area and speed penalties they entail. Here, an error detection and correction scheme that is appropriate for use in low latency first level caches and other small, fast memories such as register files is presented. The scheme allows fine, e.g., byte write granularity with acceptable storage overhead. Analysis demonstrates that the proposed method provides adequate soft error rate reduction with improved latency and area cost.
Purification and properties of storage proteins (vicilins) from cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) seeds which are susceptible or resistant to the bruchid beetle Callosobruchus maculatus. (1995)

Vicilins (7S storage proteins) from seeds of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) cultivars which are susceptible or resistant to the bruchid beetle C. maculatus were purified by size-exclusion and ion-exchange chromatography. The vicilins were partially characterized by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under both denaturing and nondenaturing conditions, by Western blotting and by amino acid analysis. The variant vicilins from C. maculatus-resistant seeds do not differ appreciably from vicilins from susceptible seeds by these criteria except that they are more strongly bound to DEAE-Sepharose, suggesting differences in charge between the various molecules.
A lithium anode protection guided highly-stable lithium–sulfur battery (2014)

A Li3N protection layer is fabricated on the surface of a Li anode by an in situ method to suppress the shuttle effect on the basis of anode protection. The discharge capacity is retained at 773 mA h g(-1) after 500 cycles with an average coulombic efficiency of 92.3% in the electrolyte without LiNO3, while the sulfur loading of the simple sulfur cathode was 2.5-3 mg cm(-2).
Characterization of Damping Properties in 3D Printed Structures (2018)

Current research on the effectiveness of a subordinate oscillator array (SOA) as a broadband\nmechanical filter relies on adequate knowledge of the SOAs material properties. Recent studies\nhave shown a high sensitivity of these structures to disorder. A desire to produce large numbers\nof arrays to test this sensitivity to disorder motivated a transition from metal to 3-dimensional\nprinted plastic SOAs. Irregularities associated with the curing process of the 3D printed\npolymers, as well as a general inconsistency of material properties of plastics, in turn highlighted\nthe need for characterization of properties of 3D printed materials, especially those properties\nrelated to damping. As part of this study, several 3D printed plastic cantilevers, varying in\nmaterial, printing technique, and printing orientation, are measured. Quantities of interest\ninclude the Youngâ€™s modulus and density, as well as phenomenological properties, like the\nquality factor of specific designs. An ASTM standard test method for property determination\nis implemented with a laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) to test each polymer. In addition to the\nASTM protocol, tests are conducted in vacuum to distinguish internal damping mechanisms\nof the cantilever from external fluid mechanisms. Results are compared to both analytic and\nnumeric predictions and published theory.