gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The human LINE-1 reverse transcriptase:effect of deletions outside the common reverse transcriptase domain (1998)

Heterologous expression of human LINE-1 ORF2 in yeast yielded a single polypeptide (Mr145 000) which reacted with specific antibodies and co-purified with a reverse transcriptase activity not present in the host cells. Various deletion derivatives of the ORF2 polypeptide were also synthesized. Reverse transcriptase assays using synthetic polynucleotides as template and primer revealed that ORF2 protein missing a significant portion of the N-terminal endonuclease domain still retains some activity. Deletion of the C-terminal cysteine-rich motif reduces activity only a small amount. Three non-overlapping deletions spanning 144 amino acids just N-terminal to the common polymerase domain of the ORF2 protein were analyzed for their effect on reverse transcriptase activity; this region contains the previously-noted conserved Z motif. The two deletions most proximal to the polymerase domain eliminate activity while the third, most-distal deletion had no effect. An inactive enzyme was also produced by substitution of two different amino acids in a highly-conserved octapeptide sequence, Z8, located within the region removed to make the deletion most proximal to the polymerase domain; substitution of a third had no effect. We conclude that the octapeptide sequence and neighboring amino acids in the Z region are essential for reverse transcriptase activity, while the endonuclease and cysteine-rich domains are not absolutely required.
Vaccination Coverage Among Children Aged 19–35 Months — United States, 2017 (2018)

The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends routine vaccination by age 24 months against 14 potentially serious illnesses (1). CDC used data from the 2017 National Immunization Survey-Child (NIS-Child) to assess vaccination coverage at national, state, territorial, and selected local levels among children aged 19-35 months in the United States. Coverage remained high and stable overall, exceeding 90% for ≥3 doses of poliovirus vaccine, ≥1 dose of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR), ≥3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB), and ≥1 dose of varicella vaccine. Although the proportion of children who received no vaccine doses by age 24 months was low, this proportion increased gradually from 0.9% for children born in 2011 to 1.3% for children born in 2015. Coverage was lower for most vaccines among uninsured children and those insured by Medicaid, compared with those having private health insurance, and for children living outside of metropolitan statistical areas* (MSAs), compared with those living in MSA principal cities. These disparities could be reduced with greater awareness and use of the Vaccines for Children<sup>†</sup> (VFC) program, eliminating missed opportunities to vaccinate children during visits to health care providers, and minimizing interruptions in health insurance coverage.
Effects of Xanthohumol-rich Extract from the Hop on Fatty Acid Metabolism in Rats Fed a High-fat Diet (2014)

Xanthohumol is the major prenylated flavonoid of female inflorescences of the hop plant (Humulus lupulus L.) and is a hydrophobic flavonoid. We examined the effects of dietary xanthohumol-rich hop extract in obese rats that was induced by feeding a high-fat diet. Dietary xanthohumol-rich hop extract significantly lowered the body weight gain of these rats compared to rats fed a high-fat diet without the extract. The increase of body weight, liver weight, and triacylglycerol levels in the plasma and liver of the rats fed a high-fat diet was ameliorated by dietary xanthohumol-rich hop extract. Dietary xanthohumol-rich hop extract tended to reduce hepatic fatty acid synthesis through the reduction of hepatic SREBP1c mRNA expression in the rats fed a high-fat diet. The excreted of triacylglycerol into feces also was promoted by dietary xanthohumol-rich hop extract. Plasma adiponectin levels in the rats fed a high-fat diet also tended to be elevated by dietary xanthohumol-rich hop extract. Thus, xanthohumol-rich hop extract may inhibit the increase of body weight, liver weight, and triacylglycerol in the plasma and liver induced by feeding high-fat diet through the regulation of hepatic fatty acid metabolism and inhibition of intestinal fat absorption. Therefore, xanthohumol-rich hop extract may exert preventive function on the increase of body weight and tissue triacylglycerol levels by overnutrition.
Policy-assisted planning and deployment of virtual networks (2011)

We present an approach for deploying and subsequently managing a virtual network overlay, which is tailored to an end-user's request. Our approach combines a binary integer optimisation process to decide on the number and placement of virtual routers, and an autonomic network management system that subsequently manages the configuration of the running virtual network. High-level optimisation policies are used to guide the optimisation process to identify a virtual network that favours lower hosting costs or higher network quality (we use mean delays as a quality metric). Low-level deployment policies are generated and used to govern the deployment and management of the virtual networks. Our results indicate that the binary integer optimisation process produces a virtual network that has lower cost as compared to creating a network based on combined shortest paths.
Sorbents For Natural Gas Desulfurization (2008)

Natural gas is the fuel of choice for fuel cell applications due to its extensive existing supply infrastructure. However, the sulfur level in the natural gas needs to be reduced to less than 0.1 ppm for use in the fuel cells. TDA has developed SulfaTrapTM series of sorbents to effectively remove sulfur by adsorption from natural gas streams and has been carrying out field demonstrations with fuel cell developers for the past two years. In this paper we have compare the performance of the TDA's SulfaTrap sorbents with commercially available adsorbents.
Defending Against Adversarial Attacks by Leveraging an Entire GAN (2018)

Recent work has shown that state-of-the-art models are highly vulnerable to adversarial perturbations of the input. We propose cowboy, an approach to detecting and defending against adversarial attacks by using both the discriminator and generator of a GAN trained on the same dataset. We show that the discriminator consistently scores the adversarial samples lower than the real samples across multiple attacks and datasets. We provide empirical evidence that adversarial samples lie outside of the data manifold learned by the GAN. Based on this, we propose a cleaning method which uses both the discriminator and generator of the GAN to project the samples back onto the data manifold. This cleaning procedure is independent of the classifier and type of attack and thus can be deployed in existing systems.
Second-harmonic generation in doubly resonant microcavities with periodic dielectric mirrors (2006)

Strong enhancement of second-harmonic generation (SHG) is expected in one-dimensional microcavities when double resonance for the pump and the harmonic fields, as well as phase matching, are achieved. The realization of a doubly resonant microcavity with dielectric mirrors made of nonbirefringent materials is difficult because of the refractive index dispersion of the constituent media. Here we present a powerful method, based on photonic crystal concepts like gap maps and their generalization to defect modes, for the design of doubly resonant microcavities with periodic dielectric mirrors. The material dispersion is compensated by using the angle of incidence as a tuning parameter, thanks to the polarization splitting of cavity modes. The cavity enhancement of SHG increases exponentially with the number of periods in the dielectric mirrors and can be much larger than in single-resonant microcavities with comparable (or even larger) quality factors. The roles of phase delay and of thin versus thick configurations in the dielectric mirrors, of the growth orientation, and of the polarization degrees of freedom in achieving double resonance with phase matching are discussed. Significant examples of doubly resonant SHG with high conversion efficiency are given for ${\mathrm{Al}}_{0.25}{\mathrm{Ga}}_{0.75}\mathrm{As}$ cavities with ${\mathrm{Al}}_{0.4}{\mathrm{Ga}}_{0.6}\mathrm{As}∕\mathrm{Alox}$ (oxidized $\mathrm{AlAs}$) mirrors.
Novel DLK-independent neuronal regeneration in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> shares links with activity-dependent ectopic outgrowth (2016)

Significance By laser surgery, genetics, and pharmacology, we demonstrate that neurons of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans undergo a novel form of regeneration that is largely independent of defined regeneration pathways, including DLK, which underlies axon regeneration from C. elegans to mammals. Our results indicate genetic and molecular connections between DLK-independent regeneration and a previously studied activity-dependent ectopic axon outgrowth in C. elegans . We also note numerous similarities with lesion-conditioned regeneration, in which reduction of sensory activity triggers robust axon regeneration in the mammalian CNS. Our study unites disparate forms of neurite outgrowth to uncover the molecular mechanisms that modulate regeneration in the adult CNS and suggests that ectopic outgrowth might represent a powerful gene discovery platform for regeneration.
The zebrafish common cardinal veins develop by a novel mechanism: lumen ensheathment (2013)

The formation and lumenization of blood vessels has been studied in some detail, but there is little understanding of the morphogenetic mechanisms by which endothelial cells (ECs) forming large caliber vessels aggregate, align themselves and finally form a lumen that can support blood flow. Here, we focus on the development of the zebrafish common cardinal veins (CCVs), which collect all the blood from the embryo and transport it back to the heart. We show that the angioblasts that eventually form the definitive CCVs become specified as a separate population distinct from the angioblasts that form the lateral dorsal aortae. The subsequent development of the CCVs represents a novel mechanism of vessel formation, during which the ECs delaminate and align along the inner surface of an existing luminal space. Thereby, the CCVs are initially established as open-ended endothelial tubes, which extend as single EC sheets along the flow routes of the circulating blood and eventually enclose the entire lumen in a process that we term 'lumen ensheathment'. Furthermore, we found that the initial delamination of the ECs as well as the directional migration within the EC sheet depend on Cadherin 5 function. By contrast, EC proliferation within the growing CCV is controlled by Vascular endothelial growth factor C, which is provided by circulating erythrocytes. Our findings not only identify a novel mechanism of vascular lumen formation, but also suggest a new form of developmental crosstalk between hematopoietic and endothelial cell lineages.
Chronic Lung Disease after Premature Birth (2007)

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia has become the most common chronic lung disease of infancy. This review summarizes the patterns and pathogenesis of chronic lung impairment that may become clinically significant decades after the use of mechanical ventilation and oxygen supplementation in premature newborns.
Rapid travel to a Zika vaccine: are we heading towards success or more questions? (2018)

Vaccine candidates that entered phase I/II trials have demonstrated protection in naïve animal models, while ZIKV epidemics occurred in populations that had encountered DENV before. The resulting cross-reactive antibodies pose problems for reliable serologic diagnostic assays, and for the potential of disease enhancement. The alleged neurological complications also warrant further exploration in order to reassure regulators of the safety profile of these vaccines in target populations. These research aspects should be an integral part of the efforts to develop a vaccine.
RF MEMS Sequentially Reconfigurable Sierpinski Antenna on a Flexible Organic Substrate With Novel DC-Biasing Technique (2007)

Devices and systems that use RF microelectromechanical systems (RF MEMS) switching elements typically use one switch topology.The switch is designed to meet all of the performance criteria.However, this can be limiting for highly dynamic applications that require a great deal of reconfigurability.In this paper, three sets of RF MEMS switches with different actuation voltages are used to sequentially activate and deactivate parts of a multiband Sierpinski fractal antenna.The implementation of such a concept allows for direct actuation of the electrostatic MEMS switches through the RF signal feed, therefore eliminating the need for individual switch dc bias lines.This reconfigurable antenna was fabricated on liquid crystal polymer substrate and operates at several different frequencies between 2.4 and 18 GHz while maintaining its radiation characteristics.It is the first integrated RF MEMS reconfigurable antenna on a flexible organic polymer substrate for multiband antenna applications.Simulation and measurement results are presented in this paper to validate the proposed concept.
Stepwise versus Direct Long-Range Charge Separation in Molecular Triads (2000)

Trifunctional electron donor−donor−acceptor molecules are described in which photoinduced charge separation, D2−D1−A* → D2−D1+−A-, is followed by a charge migration step D2−D1+−A- (CS1) → D2+−D1−A- (CS2), leading to a relatively long-lived charge-separated state. The rate of the charge migration process could be determined in a range of solvents of low polarity. In benzene and dioxane, reversibility of the process allowed the determination of the free energy difference between CS1 and CS2. The relative energy of the CS2 state is much lower than expected from simple electrostatic models. An increase of the charge migration rate was found with increasing solvent polarity within a series of alkyl ethers or alkyl acetates. However, an apparent preferential stabilization of the CS1 state in acetates relative to ethers leads to discontinuities in the solvatochromic shift behavior of the CT fluorescence from the CS1 state, and in the increase of the charge migration rate as a function of dielectric constant. In a reference compound lacking the intermediate redox unit, direct long-range charge separation yielding a D2+−bridge−A- charge-separated state can occur, but the yield is significantly lower than in the triads.
A Dual Free Layer Sensor With Side Shields (2012)

We use a hybrid finite element code to explore the design space of a dual free layer (or trilayer) magnetic sensor to understand the effect of the stripe height (SH) to track width (TW) ratio on the bias point, as well as the noise. Transfer curves and noise properties are found to be strongly sensitive to the SH/TW ratio compared to a standard single free layer sensor. Side shields can change the eigenmodes of the coupled system and modify the noise cancellation.
HCV in HIV: Challenges and Opportunities (2013)

Hepatitis c virus (hcv) is one of the most important causes of chronic liver disease in the United States. Overall, there may be 300,000 persons coinfected with hcv and hiv, representing one-third of the one million Americans infected with hiv. As discussed in this review of Dr. Douglas Dieterich’s November 2000 prn lecture, hiv coinfection is a significant factor in hcv disease progression. Coinfection with hiv is associated with higher hcv-rna levels and more rapid progression of cirrhosis, decompensated liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death. In this way, hcv acts
Context-Aware Service Chaining Framework for Over-the-Top Applications in 5G Networks (2019)

As over-the-top (OTT) applications such as videos dominate the global mobile traffic, conventional content delivery techniques such as caching no longer suffice to cope with mobile network users' requirements due to e.g., fluctuating radio conditions. In legacy 4G networks, mobile network operator (MNO) and OTT service providers (OSPs) are logically decoupled from each other, hence preventing them to share necessary context and enable in-network context-aware intelligence. The recently standardized 5G network architecture's softwarized and virtualized nature opens up new opportunities for flexible deployment of MNO- and OSP-operated network functions. In this work, we first extend the current 5G standard to enable third-party stakeholders to deploy their own user-plane functions (UPFs) within the MNO infrastructure. Based on this, we propose a service function chaining (SFC) framework within the 5G core network, which allows MNO to dynamically determine the optimal set of UPFs that each flow should traverse based on their real-time contexts. The proposed framework has been implemented in a testbed network. Through realistic experiments, we demonstrate that UPF deployment strategy plays a crucial rule in the resulting SFC performance, and our proposed scheme can achieve performance that is close to the benchmark. Furthermore, we establish recommendations on best practices of UPF deployment strategies in 5G network.
Modular bimorph mirrors for adaptive optics (2009)

This paper examines the possibility of constructing deformable mirrors for adaptive optics with a large number of degrees of freedom from silicon wafers with bimorph piezoelectric actuation. The mirror may be used on its own, or as a segment of a larger mirror. The typical size of one segment is 100 to 200 mm; the production process relies on silicon wafers and thick film piezoelectric material deposition technology; it is able to lead to an actuation pitch of the order of 5 mm, and the manufacturing costs appear to grow only slowly with the number of degrees of freedom in the adaptive optics.
Evaluating the Diagnostic and Chemotherapeutic Potential of Vancomycin- Derived Imaging Conjugates (2012)

The main use of glycopeptide antibiotics is treatment of infections which are resistant to the commonly used β- lactam antibiotics. Antitumor activity has also been reported for some glycopeptide antibiotics like bleomycin. In the present study we investigated the chemotherapeutic and diagnostic potential of two imaging agent derivatives of the glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin. For the first conjugate, vancomycin was coupled to the fluorescent dye rhodamine, used in confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). The second conjugate consisted of vancomycin coupled to gadolinium-1, 4, 7, 10-tetraazacyclododecane-1, 4, 7, 10-tetraacetic acid (GdDOTA), a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent. The cellular uptake, specificity, and the accessibility by imaging methods of the two vancomycin conjugates was evaluated on 8 human cell lines (one benign, 7 malignant) by CLSM, FACS, and MRI experiments. Cytotoxicity of both vancomycin conjugates was determined in the FACS experiments with the annexin test indicating disrupted cell membranes. Some of the malignant cell lines showed clearly stronger uptake than the others and the benign cell line was among the cell lines with the lowest uptake. In the annexin test the cytotoxicity could be correlated to the conjugate uptake for all cell lines. The intracellular uptake of the vancomycin conjugates and the increased uptake into some of the malignant cell lines were interesting findings which should be further pursued.
HLA and proteasome expression body map (2018)

Here, we not only provide a reference catalog of tissue and cell type specific HLA expression, but also highlight extremely variable expression of the basic components of antigen processing and presentation in different cell types. Our findings indicate that low expression of classical HLA class I molecules together with lack of immunoproteasome components as well as upregulation of HLA-G may be of key relevance to maintain tolerance in immune privileged tissues.
Gas and Liquid Chromatographic Analyses of Methanol, Ethanol, t-Butanol, and Methyl t-Butyl Ether in Gasoline (1981)

Several chromatographic methods were evaluated for the analysis of low molecular weight alcohols (methanol, ethanol, and t-butanol) and methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) in gasoline. The alcohols were determined by gas chromatography (GC) following aqueous extraction of the gasoline. MTBE was analyzed by either a GC or liquid chromatographic (LC) procedure. In the GC procedure, MTBE was isolated from gasoline by adsorption chromatography, desorbed from the adsorbent, and analyzed by GC. In the LC procedure, the MTBE-gasoline mixture was dissolved in acetonitrile and injected directly onto a reversed-phase LC column. The accuracy and precision of these methods were typically ± 3% relative or better.
Update of the human and mouse SERPINgene superfamily (2013)

The serpin family comprises a structurally similar, yet functionally diverse, set of proteins. Named originally for their function as serine proteinase inhibitors, many of its members are not inhibitors but rather chaperones, involved in storage, transport, and other roles. Serpins are found in genomes of all kingdoms, with 36 human protein-coding genes and five pseudogenes. The mouse has 60 Serpin functional genes, many of which are orthologous to human SERPIN genes and some of which have expanded into multiple paralogous genes. Serpins are found in tissues throughout the body; whereas most are extracellular, there is a class of intracellular serpins. Serpins appear to have roles in inflammation, immune function, tumorigenesis, blood clotting, dementia, and cancer metastasis. Further characterization of these proteins will likely reveal potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for disease.
Ternary complex formation kinetics involving (triethylenetetramine)nickel(II) and bidentate ligands (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTernary complex formation kinetics involving (triethylenetetramine)nickel(II) and bidentate ligandsR. K. Steinhaus and B. I. LeeCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1982, 21, 5, 1829–1833Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00135a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00135a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views101Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts