gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of manganese on microstructure and solidification behaviour of aluminium–magnesium alloys (1996)

AbstractThe microstructure and solidification behaviour of an Al–Mg alloy with different Mn additions have been investigated using optical microscopy and an electron microprobe. The results showed that small additions of Mn had little influence on the solidification behaviour. The microstructure consisted of primary (α-Al dendrites, the binary eutectic compound Al8Mg5, and the insoluble constituents Mg2Si and Al6(Mn,Fe). In the alloy with an intermediate level of Mn, after the eutectic reaction L→α-Al+Al6 (Mn,Fe), the balance of Mn atoms further segregated to the finally solidified zone and formed platelike Al6(Mn,Fe). In the alloys with the highest level of Mn, the primary phase became Al6(Mn,Fe) with a block or ‘Chinese script’ structure. However, the finally solidified zones could be regarded as the binary Al–Mg system, and solidification terminated with the eutectic reaction L→α-Al+Al8Mg5. In addition, the cooling rate had a remarkable influence on the solidification behaviour and microstructure.MST/2016
Effect of Rate of Change of Stock Prices with News Sentiment Analysis (2021)

Mapping the variations of stock prices in the market has proven to be a challenge to, considering impact of macroeconomic factors, such as news headlines on them. In this paper, a novel framework is implemented for predicting the effect of rate of change of stock prices through news sentiment by using a standard dataset with closing stock price rates for a chosen period. Random Forest classifier to extract the sentiments from day-today news articles to identify their polarity as positive, or negative. Bi-directional Long Short-Term models are implemented to map the sliding windows of prices along with corresponding sliding windows of sentiment scores of the articles. Thus, hybrid architecture that combines a Bi-LSTM based time series prediction model with a Random Forest based sentiment analysis model is developed and compared with some of the existing state-of-the-art methodologies. The polarity of news sentiment is determined with an accuracy of 84.92% and the price prediction model performs best with 10 headlines achieving a R-squared score of 74.84%.
Mixed-host-emitting layer for high-efficiency organic light-emitting diodes (2014)

The external quantum efficiency of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) has been greatly improved in the last decade by engineering the device architecture of the emitting layer. Several approaches have been used to enhance the quantum efficiency of OLEDs by engineering the emitting layer, and of these the most effective is the use of a mixed-host-emitting layer structure. The quantum efficiency of OLEDs can be improved by more than 30% with the use of the mixed-host-emitting layer. In this paper, the recent progress in the device performances of OLEDs through the use of the mixed-host-emitting layer is reviewed.
<i>Shahri</i>Jat and<i>Pahari Jatni</i>: Gendered Ethnicity in an Urbanizing Jat Village in North India (2001)

This paper discusses women’s changing roles in Shahargaon - a rapidly urbanizing Jat village in New Delhi, India. The paper traces the change in women’s identity and roles in the context of shift in subsistence strategy from agriculture to an urban economy and examines how Jat women maintain rural-urban network ties and traditional Jat identity in an urban context. As the Shahargaon Jat community experiences social change brought about by urban expansion and assimilation, cultural practices associated with the traditional peasant Jat identity are now idealized as a means of maintaining ethnic boundaries between the Jats and the surrounding multi ethnic urban population. Recent changes in Shahargaon have created new sets of conditions that further marginalize women by excluding them from public income-generating activities. In Shahargaon, like in several other urbanizing communities, women’s economic roles as agricultural laborers have been replaced by their roles within the household and as carriers of traditions, customs, and practices associated with the community’s agrarian past.
Second‐trimester prenatal screening for Down syndrome and the relationship of maternal serum biochemical markers to pregnancy complications with adverse outcome (2000)

In a group of 26 524 control pregnancies and a group of 3728 pregnancies affected by one or more of the pregnancy complications of low birthweight, intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR), preterm delivery and stillbirth, I have compared the relative risk of occurrence of these complications in pregnancies which had a raised maternal serum AFP (>2.0 MoM), raised maternal serum free β-hCG (>2.0 MoM), low AFP (<0.5 MoM), low free β-hCG (<0.5 MoM), combined raised AFP and free β-hCG (>2.0 MoM), and in those with an increased Down syndrome risk (1 in 250 or greater). In the low birthweight group, only an increased AFP and decreased free β-hCG showed significance with relative risks of 1.6 and 2.1. In the IUGR group, also only an increased AFP and decreased free β-hCG showed significance with relative risks of 1.6 and 2.3. In the preterm delivery group, raised AFP, reduced free β-hCG, and combined elevated AFP and free β-hCG showed significance with relative risks of 3.8, 1.8 and 6.2. In the stillbirth group, raised AFP, reduced free β-hCG, and combined elevated AFP and free β-hCG showed significance with relative risks of 4.5, 2,4 and 7.2. An isolated raised free β-hCG or an increased Down syndrome risk were not associated with an increased relative risk for any of the pregnancy complications investigated. However, apart from the six to seven-fold increased risk when both AFP and free β-hCG are above 2.0 MoM, suggesting increased risk of preterm delivery or impending fetal death, the clinical utility of such significant differences is probably poor. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thermo-, Photo-, and Chemo-Responsive Shape-Memory Properties from Photo-Cross-Linked Metallo-Supramolecular Polymers (2011)

Films exhibiting multiresponsive shape-memory properties have been accessed using covalently cross-linked metallo-supramolecular polymers. Low molecular weight poly(butadiene) was end-capped with 4-oxy-2,6-bis(N-methylbenzimidazolyl)pyridine (-OMebip) ligands that upon addition of metal salts spontaneously formed high molecular weight metallo-supramolecular polymers. The addition of a tetra-functional thiol along with a photoinitiator results in mechanically stable films via solution-casting. These films consist of a soft poly(butadiene) phase and a hard metal-ligand phase. Photo-cross-linking of the poly(butadiene) soft phase, via the thiol-ene reaction, upon exposure to relatively low intensity light, allows access to a diverse range of permanent shapes. Investigations into the temporary shape fixing and recovery of these materials were undertaken to determine the effects of cross-link density and the nature of the metal salts. The key component in fixing and releasing the temporary shape is the metal-ligand hard phase, and as such any stimulus that can disrupt this phase (light, heat, or chemicals) can be used to create the temporary shape and induce its recovery back to the permanent shape.
A 1.35GHz all-digital fractional-N PLL with adaptive loop gain controller and fractional divider (2009)

A 1.35GHz all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) with an adaptively controlled loop filter and a 1/3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> -resolution fractional divider is presented. The adaptive loop gain controller (ALGC) effectively reduces the nonlinear characteristics of the bang-bang phase-frequency detector (BBPFD). The fractional divider partially compensates for the input phase error which is caused by the fractional-N frequency synthesis operation. A prototype ADPLL using a BBPFD with a dead zone free retimer, an ALGC, and a fractional divider is fabricated in 0.13μm CMOS. The core occupies 0.19mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and consumes 13.7mW from a 1.2V supply. The measured RMS jitter was 4.17ps at a 1.35GHz clock output.
Grundlagen der Pneumatik (1991)

Die Grundeinheit für den Druck in den SI-Maßeinheiten ist das Pascal.
High Dynamic Range Imaging: Sensors and Architectures, Second Edition (2019)

Illumination is a crucial element in many applications, matching the luminance of the scene with the operational range of a camera. When luminance cannot be adequately controlled, a high dynamic range (HDR) imaging system may be necessary. These systems are being increasingly used in automotive on-board systems, road traffic monitoring, and other industrial, security, and military applications. This book provides readers with an in-depth discussion of HDR image sensors and techniques for industrial and non-industrial applications. It describes various sensor and pixel architectures capable of achieving HDR imaging, as well as software approaches to make high dynamic range images out of lower dynamic range sensors or image sets. Some methods for automatic control of exposure and dynamic range of image sensors, along with testing methods, are also introduced. This edition introduces CMOS pixel and image sensor design concepts and circuits
Thermal and nonthermal mechanisms of interaction of radio-frequency energy with biological systems (2000)

This paper reviews thermal and nonthermal mechanisms of interaction between radiofrequency (RF) fields and biological systems, focusing on pulsed fields with high peak power but low duty cycle. Models with simplified geometry are used to illustrate the coupling between external electromagnetic fields and the body, and with cellular and subcellular structures. Mechanisms of interaction may be linear or nonlinear with field strength, and thermal or nonthermal. Each mechanism is characterized by a threshold field strength (below which no observable response is produced) and time constant of response. Several classes of nonthermal mechanisms of interaction are well established; however, the anticipated thresholds for producing observable effects are expected to be very high. The bioeffects literature contains many open questions, including many reports of effects that are not clearly interpretable in terms of the mechanisms discussed in this paper.
Association mapping for chilling tolerance in elite flint and dent maize inbred lines evaluated in growth chamber and field experiments (2013)

Chilling sensitivity of maize is a strong limitation for its cultivation in the cooler areas of the northern and southern hemisphere because reduced growth in early stages impairs on later biomass accumulation. Efficient breeding for chilling tolerance is hampered by both the complex physiological response of maize to chilling temperatures and the difficulty to accurately measure chilling tolerance in the field under fluctuating climatic conditions. For this research, we used genome-wide association (GWA) mapping to identify genes underlying chilling tolerance under both controlled and field conditions in a broad germplasm collection of 375 maize inbred lines genotyped with 56 110 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). We identified 19 highly significant association signals explaining between 5.7 and 52.5% of the phenotypic variance observed for early growth and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. The allelic effect of several SNPs identified for early growth was associated with temperature and incident radiation. Candidate genes involved in ethylene signalling, brassinolide, and lignin biosynthesis were found in their vicinity. The frequent involvement of candidate genes into signalling or gene expression regulation underlines the complex response of photosynthetic performance and early growth to climatic conditions, and supports pleiotropism as a major cause of co-locations of quantitative trait loci for these highly polygenic traits.
Control of Membrane Fusion in Polyethylene Glycol-Resistant Cell Mutants (1987)

Cell fusion has been studied for more than A. century (Langerhans, 1868) as A. curious morphological phenomenon, occurring in certain developing tissues (Kalderon, 1980) and during the progression of A. variety of tumors and viral infections (Roizman, 1962; Guccion and Enzinger, 1972). Only with the use of cell hybrids in somatic cell genetics, however, did the impetus arise to develop fusion technology as an applied art, placing A. premium on the control of cell fusion (Davidson, 1977). The development of procedures for hybridoma production has made cell fusion A. fundamental tool of the growing biotechnology industry (Köhler and Milstein, 1975), and it is not surprising that improvements in the efficiency of cell hybridization protocols have been A. major goal in recent years (de St. Groth and Scheidegger, 1980).
CDK inhibitors p18<sup>INK4c</sup> and p27<sup>Kip1</sup> mediate two separate pathways to collaboratively suppress pituitary tumorigenesis (1998)

INK4 and CIP/KIP are two distinct families of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors implicated in mediating a wide range of cell growth control signals. We have created p18(INK4c)-deficient mice. These mice develop gigantism and widespread organomegaly. The pituitary gland, spleen, and thymus are disproportionately enlarged and hyperplastic. T and B lymphocytes develop normally in p18-deficient mice, but both exhibit increased cellularity and a higher proliferative rate upon mitogenic stimulation. Loss of p18, like that of p27, but not other CDK inhibitor genes, leads to a gradual progression from intermediate lobe pituitary hyperplasia in young mice to an adenoma by 10 months of age with a nearly complete penetrance. Mice lacking both p18 and p27, like mice chimeric for Rb deficiency, invariably died from pituitary adenomas by 3 months. Hence, p18 and p27 mediate two separate pathways to collaboratively suppress pituitary tumorigenesis, likely by controlling the function of Rb.
Agar Plate‐based Assays (2005)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Directed Evolution of Enzymes: Screening or Selection? General Features of Agar Plate-based Screens Facilitated Screening-based Methods Amidase Esterase Glycosynthase Galactose Oxidase Monoamine Oxidase P450 Monooxygenases Carotenoid Biosynthesis Biotin Ligase In vivo Selection-based Methods Glycosynthase Prephenate Dehydratase/Chorismate Mutase Terpene Cyclase Tryptophan Biosynthesis Ribitol Dehydrogenase Inteins Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase Conclusions and Future Prospects
Recording Results And Coding Considerations For The Resonant Bias Coil Overwrite Technique (1989)

Magneto-optic direct overwrite using the resonant bias coil technique has been demonstrated for field frequencies as high as 12 MHz. The technique is compatible with multi-channel recording and allows larger coil-to-media spacing than obtained using conventional field modulation techniques. Suitable run length limited codes are investigated which satisfy an even consecutive zero constraint. The performance of these codes appears to be competitive with the performance of more traditional (d,k) codes.
Synthetic Biology Driven by Harnessing Forces of Disruptive Innovation (2013)

The resultant outcome of synthetic biology research offers the promise of changing the way that we create energy, produce food, optimize industrial processing, and detect, prevent, and cure diseases. Researchers can now harness forces of disruptive innovation (Cloud, Big Data, Mobile, Social) to realize significant benefits and reduce IT cost and complexity, enhance R&D collaboration, and improve bioinformatics to allow lifesciences organizations to focus on answering some of lifes most challenging questions.
Sentiment Analysis of Reviews: Should we analyze writer intentions or reader perceptions? (2013)

Many sentiment-analysis methods for the classification of reviews use training and test-data based on star ratings provided by reviewers. However, when reading reviews it appears that the reviewers’ ratings do not always give an accurate measure of the sentiment of the review. We performed an annotation study which showed that reader perceptions can also be expressed in ratings in a reliable way and that they are closer to the text than the reviewer ratings. Moreover, we applied two common sentiment-analysis techniques and evaluated them on both reader and reviewer ratings. We come to the conclusion that it would be better to train models on reader ratings, rather than on reviewer ratings (as is usually done).
No evidence for activation of the unfolded protein response in neuronopathic models of Gaucher disease (2009)

Gaucher disease (GD), the most common lysosomal storage disorder (LSD), is caused by defects in the activity of the lysosomal enzyme, glucocerebrosidase, resulting in intracellular accumulation of glucosylceramide (GlcCer). Neuronopathic forms, which comprise only a small percent of GD patients, are characterized by neurological impairment and neuronal cell death. Little is known about the pathways leading from GlcCer accumulation to neuronal death or dysfunction but defective calcium homeostasis appears to be one of the pathways involved. Recently, endoplasmic reticulum stress together with activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) has been suggested to play a key role in cell death in neuronopathic forms of GD, and moreover, the UPR was proposed to be a common mediator of apoptosis in LSDs (Wei et al. (2008) Hum. Mol. Genet. 17, 469-477). We now systematically examine whether the UPR is activated in neuronal forms of GD using a selection of neuronal disease models and a combination of western blotting and semi-quantitative and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. We do not find any changes in either protein or mRNA levels of a number of typical UPR markers including BiP, CHOP, XBP1, Herp and GRP58, in either cultured Gaucher neurons or astrocytes, or in brain regions from mouse models, even at late symptomatic stages. We conclude that the proposition that the UPR is a common mediator for apoptosis in all neurodegenerative LSDs needs to be re-evaluated.
CELLULAR PROLIFERATION AT THE SITE OF ORGAN ALLOGRAFTS AND THE INFLUENCE OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE THERAPY (1990)

In this study we investigated cellular proliferation of T cells and macrophages at the site of rat cardiac allografts and determined the influence of immunosuppressive therapy on the proliferative characteristics of these cell types. A bromodeoxyuridine-labeling technique was used that allowed both the accurate detection of proliferative activity and the phenotypic characterization of cellular infiltrates within grafted tissues. In untreated recipients (BN----Lewis), T cytotoxic/suppressor cells as well as T helper cells showed proliferative activity at the site of the graft. The percentage of OX8-positive cells within the graft that showed proliferation ranged from 15% to 37%. The percentage of W3/25-positive cells within the graft that showed proliferation ranged from 25% to 30%. In contrast, macrophages hardly showed proliferative activity within the graft; only 1-4% of the macrophages stained positive for bromodeoxyuridine. From these observations it is concluded that the graft serves as a nonlymphoid tissue site, wherein lymphocytes can freely proliferate and expand. To study the influence of immunosuppressive therapy on cellular proliferation, the steroid budesonide, 120 micrograms/kg/day, was administered for 13 days (MST, 20 days). During effective immunosuppressive therapy, still a remarkable amount of infiltrating cells was present within the grafts. Moreover, immunosuppressive treatment did not primarily appear to affect the proliferative capacity of the individual cell types. OX8-positive cells as well as W3/25-positive cells clearly showed proliferative activity within the treated grafts. However, despite the presence of these proliferative cells, signs of graft destruction were absent during immunosuppressive therapy. This finding may shed new light on the effect of steroids at the site of the graft and their role in the prevention of tissue destruction.
Pipelined broadcast on Ethernet switched clusters (2006)

We consider unicast-based pipelined broadcast schemes for clusters connected by multiple Ethernet switches. By splitting a large broadcast message into segments and broadcasting the segments in a pipelined fashion, pipelined broadcast may achieve very high performance. We develop algorithms for computing various contention-free broadcast trees on Ethernet switched clusters that are suitable for pipelined broadcast, and evaluate the schemes through experimentation. The conclusions drawn from our theoretical and experimental study include the following. First, pipelined broadcast can be more effective than other common broadcast schemes including the ones used in the latest versions of MPICH and LAM/MPI when the message size is sufficiently large. Second, contention-free broadcast trees are essential for pipelined broadcast to achieve high performance. Finally, while it is difficult to determine the optimal message segment size for pipelined broadcast, finding one size that gives good performance is relatively easy.
Frame-Semantic Parsing (2018)

© 2014 Association for Computational Linguistics The version of record is available online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/COLI_a_00163
ALZHEIMER’S SCARY LINK TO DIABETES (2009)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTALZHEIMER'S SCARY LINK TO DIABETESDisruptions of INSULIN SIGNALING and glucose regulation contribute to development of Alzheimer's diseaseSOPHIE L. ROVNERView Author Information C&EN WASHINGTONCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2009, 87, 20, 42–46Publication Date (Print):May 18, 2009Publication History Published online14 November 2010Published inissue 18 May 2009https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v087n020.p042https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v087n020.p042newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2009 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views36Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Diabetes,Nervous system diseases Get e-Alerts