gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cognitive DF Generalized Order Relaying with CCI and Multiple Primary Users of Orthogonal Spectrums (2015)

In this paper, we propose and evaluate the performance of cognitive decode-and-forward (DF) generalized order relay selection network with primary receivers using orthogonal spectrums in the presence of interference. The primary receiver whose channel enhances the performance of the secondary system is used in determining the interference constraint on the secondary users power. Using orthogonal spectrum bands in wireless networks aims to reduce the interference between users as in the downlink transmission in cellular networks. The used generalized order relay selection scheme is efficient in situations where the opportunistic relaying scheme could fail due to imperfect channel-state-information, outdated channel information, or in case where the best relay is busy in some scheduling and load balancing duties in other parts of the network. In this scheme, the relay with the second or even the N <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> best second hop channel forwards the source message to destination. Closed-from expression is derived for the end-to-end (e2e) outage probability assuming Rayleigh fading channels. Furthermore, the performance is studied at the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime. Monte-Carlo simulations are given to verify the achieved results. Main results show that the number of primary receivers affects the system performance through affecting the coding gain. Unlike the existing papers where the same spectrum band is assumed to be used by different primary receivers, our findings demonstrate that increasing the number of primary receivers in the proposed scenario enhances the system performance. Results illustrate that when the interference at the secondary relays or destination or at both scales with SNR, the system achieves zero diversity order and a noise floor appears in the results.
PcMab-47: Novel Antihuman Podocalyxin Monoclonal Antibody for Immunohistochemistry (2017)

Podocalyxin (PODXL) is a CD34-related sialomucin and a well-known marker of embryonic stem cells. PODXL is expressed in many types of tumors including colorectal cancers, breast cancers, and brain tumors. Overexpression of PODXL is an independent predictor of progression, metastasis, and poor outcome. PODXL is also expressed in many normal cells such as renal podocytes and endothelial cells (ECs). However, high-sensitive and high-specific anti-PODXL monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have not been established. Herein, we immunized mice with recombinant human PODXL, which was produced using LN229 glioblastoma cells. The anti-PODXL mAb, PcMab-47, reacted with endogenous PODXL-expressing cancer cell lines and normal cells independently of glycosylation in flow cytometry. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that PcMab-47 detected PODXL-expressing normal cells such as podocytes of kidney or ECs. Furthermore, PcMab-47 stained PODXL-expressing cancer cells of colon or breast cancers. These results suggest that PcMab-47 could be useful for investigating the expression and function of PODXL in cancers and normal tissues.
ArF photoresist system using alicyclic polymer (1997)

We have developed a chemically amplified photoresist for use in ArF lithography based on alicyclic polymer. 3- Bicyclo(2,2,1)hept-2-yl-3-(2-methyl allyoxy)-propionic acid tert-butyl ester (BHPE) was prepared as a new kind of protected acid-labile monomer. Terpolymer, poly(BHPE-NBO-MAL), was prepared with BHPE, 5-norbornen-2-ol (NBO), and maleic anhydride (MAL) monomers by radical polymerization. Photoresist of poly(BHPE-NBO-MAL) displayed good adhesion, dry-etch resistance, and development. As a result, we obtained 0.16 micrometer line-and-space positive patterns with 2.38 wt% TMAH aqueous solution using an ArF exposure system.
Fiber-Optic Current Sensor with Passive Phase Biasing Employing Highly-Birefringent Spun Fiber (2013)

A fiber-optic current sensor employing a Faraday rotation mirror for passive phase biasing is presented. The influence of the highly-birefringent spun sensing fiber on the sensor performance is theoretically and experimentally investigated.
Wide-view and sunlight readable transflective liquid-crystal display for mobile applications (2008)

A wide-view single cell gap transflective liquid-crystal display (TR-LCD) using the fringe field switching effect is proposed by incorporating a quarter-wave in-cell-retarder below the liquid-crystal (LC) cell in the reflective part. By optimizing the angle between the electrode stripes and the LC rubbing direction in the transmissive and the reflective regions, this TR-LCD exhibits a high optical efficiency and good match between the voltage-dependent transmittance and reflectance curves. Without using any phase compensation films, this TR-LCD exhibits a wide view with 10:1 contrast ratio over a 60 degrees viewing cone in the transmissive mode and over a 40 degrees cone in the reflective mode, which is adequate for mobile displays.
Development of a New Double Tilt Rotation TEM Specimen Holder (2000)

Abstract The analytical transmission electron microscope is one of the most powerful instruments today for materials characterization. The interaction of the electron beam with the specimen provides immediate visual and compositional information of the structure of materials. Improvements in optics, vacuum technology, emitter and goniometer design have made sub-2Å compositional imaging a standard technique. Side-entry, multifunctional specimen holders compatible with new goniometer designs have been developed to provide an extended tilt range for tomographic applications. Planar features within a TEM specimen are most easily studied if the specimen is first rotated until the planar feature is aligned parallel to the main tilt axis of the specimen holder. Typically this requires manual removal of the specimen for reorientation, subjecting it to potential damage, or the use of motorized specimen rotation in a single tilt holder. Ideally all degrees of freedom of specimen movement should be available to the microscopist through the specimen holder and goniometer.
An Accurate Capacitance–Voltage Measurement Method for Highly Leaky Devices—Part II (2008)

In Part I, an accurate - measurement based on time-domain reflectometry (TDR) for MOS capacitors in the presence of a high level of leakage across the gate dielectric was presented. This new method is expected to have high accuracy even in the presence of a very high level of leakage current. In this paper, the basic TCR-based - measurement is extended to handle the parasitic, allowing the overlap capacitance to be extracted simultaneously and accurately without the need for additional measurement. In addition, a detailed error analysis is provided to complete the description of the TDR - measurement method.
tat regulates binding of the human immunodeficiency virus trans-activating region RNA loop-binding protein TRP-185. (1991)

The TAR element extending from -17 to +80 in the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat (HIV LTR) is required for activation of gene expression by the tat trans-activator protein. TAR RNA forms a stable stem-loop structure, and mutagenesis studies indicate that the stem structure, the primary sequence of the loop, and the bulge element are the major determinants for tat activation. RNA gel retardation analysis demonstrates that both tat and cellular proteins bind to TAR RNA, but the mechanism by which these proteins increase HIV gene expression is unknown. We have fractionated HeLa cell nuclear extracts in an attempt to identify cellular proteins that bind to TAR RNA and are involved in regulating HIV gene expression. RNA gel retardation and UV cross-linking reveal that a cellular protein of 185 kD, which we designate TAR RNA-binding protein 185 (TRP-185), binds with both high affinity and marked specificity to TAR RNA. RNA gel retardation and competition analyses indicate that TRP-185 binding is strongly dependent on the TAR RNA loop sequences. The binding of TRP-185 is modulated by both a set of cellular cofactors and the tat protein. Highly purified preparations of TRP-185 are capable of activating in vitro transcription of wild-type, but not mutated, HIV LTR chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) constructs. These results characterize a positively acting cellular RNA-binding factor, TRP-185, which is involved in the regulation of HIV gene expression.
A comparative study on classifying the functions of web page blocks (2006)

In this paper, we study the problem of learning block classification models to estimate block functions. We distinguish general models, which are learned across multiple sites, and site-specific models, which are learned within individual sites. We further consider several factors that affect the learning process and model effectiveness. These factors include the layout features, the content features, the classifiers, and the term selection methods. We have empirically evaluated the performance of the models when the factors are varied. Our main results are that layout features do better than content features for learning both general and site-specific models.
Advanced thermal barrier system bond coatings for use on Ni, Co-, and Fe-base alloy substrates (1985)

New and improved Ni-, Co-, and Fe-base bond coatings have been identified for the ZrO2-Y2O3 thermal barrier coatings to be used on NI-, Co-, and Fe-base alloy substrates. These bond coatings were evaluated in a cyclic furnace between 1120 and 1175 C. It was found that MCrAlYb (where M = Ni, Co, or Fe) bond coating thermal barrier systems. The longest life was obtained with the FeCrAlYb thermal barrier system followed by NiCrAlYb and CoCrAlYb thermal barrier systems in that order.
Practical silicon photonics True-Time-Delay devices for phased array systems (2011)

Using the Balanced SCISSOR scheme, together with balanced thermal tuning, microresonator based silicon photonics devices were shown to provide a large tunable delay of 345ps, with broad bandwidth and low distortion. These practical devices will find many applications for use in phased array systems.
Identification of lymphocyte subpopulations with a polymethine dye. (1988)

Using the polymethine dye p-ethoxyphenyl-p-aminostyryl-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium chloride as an aqueous stain applied to specimens of peripheral blood or buffy coat fixed in FAA fixative, differential coloration of leukocytes was achieved using darkfield illumination. Neutrophils stained dark maroon and contained green granules, eosinophils contained bright blue granules, basophils revealed yellow and pink granules, and monocytes stained green with green and yellow vacuoles. In studies of purified lymphocyte subpopulations obtained in a cell sorter, T-helper cells stained red, T-suppressor cells were yellow orange, B-cells appeared yellow and often contained yellow annular structures in the cytoplasm, and natural killer (NK) cells stained green and contained large green granules. As a rapid screening technique for identification of T-helper and T-suppressor cells and their ratios in health and disease, the new polymethine stain may complement the more complex monoclonal antibody techniques for identification of these cells.
Efficient and Reliable Operation of Air-Side Economizers Using Extremum Seeking Control (2008)

For the heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems for commercial buildings, there has been a greater demand for reducing energy consumption. The economizers have been developed as a class of energy-saving HVAC devices that may increase the energy efficiency by taking advantage of outdoor air during cool or cold weather. However, many economizers do not operate in the expected manner and waste even more energy than before installation, mostly due to the unreliable sensors and actuators in practice. Better control strategy is needed for optimal and robust operation. In this paper, an extremum seeking control (ESC) based self-optimizing strategy is proposed to minimize the energy consumption, with the feedback of chilled water supply command rather than the temperature and humidity measurements. The mechanical cooling load is minimized by seeking the optimal outdoor-air damper opening in real time. Such scheme does not need temperature and humidity sensors and depends much less on the knowledge of economizer model. Simulation was performed on a Modelica based transient model of a single-duct air-handling unit (AHU) developed with Dymola and AirConditioning Library. The simulation results demonstrated the potential of using ESC to achieve the minimal mechanical cooling load in a self-optimizing manner. In addition, an anti-windup ESC scheme is proposed to handle the ESC windup due to actuator (damper) saturation. The simulation results validated the effectiveness of the proposed anti-windup ESC.
Malleable and Recyclable Poly(urea‐urethane) Thermosets bearing Hindered Urea Bonds (2016)

Poly(urea-urethane) thermosets containing the 1-tert-butylethylurea (TBEU) structure feature a reversible dissociation/association process of their covalent linkages under mild conditions. Unlike conventional thermosets, TBEU-based poly(urea-urethane) thermosets maintain their malleability after curing. Under high temperature (100 °C) and applied pressure (300 kPa), ground TBEU thermoset powder can be remolded to bulk after 20 min.
Structurally modulated codelivery of siRNA and Argonaute 2 for enhanced RNA interference (2018)

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) represents a promising class of inhibitors in both fundamental research and the clinic. Numerous delivery vehicles have been developed to facilitate siRNA delivery. Nevertheless, achieving highly potent RNA interference (RNAi) toward clinical translation requires efficient formation of RNA-induced gene-silencing complex (RISC) in the cytoplasm. Here we coencapsulate siRNA and the central RNAi effector protein Argonaute 2 (Ago2) via different delivery carriers as a platform to augment RNAi. The physical clustering between siRNA and Ago2 is found to be indispensable for enhanced RNAi. Moreover, by utilizing polyamines bearing the same backbone but distinct cationic side-group arrangements of ethylene diamine repeats as the delivery vehicles, we find that the molecular structure of these polyamines modulates the degree of siRNA/Ago2-mediated improvement of RNAi. We apply this strategy to silence the oncogene STAT3 and significantly prolong survival in mice challenged with melanoma. Our findings suggest a paradigm for RNAi via the synergistic coassembly of RNA with helper proteins.
A cellulase/xylanase-negative mutant of Streptomyces lividans 1326 defective in cellobiose and xylobiose uptake is mutated in a gene encoding a protein homologous to ATP-binding proteins (1995)

The uptake of monosaccharides (glucose and xylose) and disaccharides (cellobiose and xylobiose) was evaluated in the Streptomyces lividans mutant strain 10-164. The pleiotropic mutation had no effect on glucose uptake; however, the Vmax of xylose uptake was decreased 10-fold as compared to the wild-type strain, S. lividans 1326, and the transport system of cellobiose and xylobiose, the putative inducers of the cellulase and xylanase genes, was completely abolished resulting in a cellulase/xylanase-negative mutant. An accumulation of xylose and glucose in culture media was observed when the mutant was grown on xylobiose and cellobiose, respectively. Cell-associated beta-glucosidase and low levels of extracellular beta-glucosidase were detected in both strains. When gluconolactone, a beta-glucosidase inhibitor, was added to the medium there was no uptake of cellobiose or release of glucose by the mutant strain, whereas the uptake of cellobiose by the wild-type strain was not significantly affected. It is thus proposed that the active transport system for cellobiose and xylobiose is affected in mutant strain 10-164. Glucose and xylose production from disaccharide hydrolysis are due to beta-glucosidase and beta-xylosidase activities, which sustain the growth of the mutant strain. Clones complementing the mutation were isolated from a gene bank constructed using mutant strain 10-164. The msiK gene codes for MsiK, a 40 kDa multiple sugar import protein, which belongs to the family of ATP-binding proteins. The mutation is located in the B site which is responsible for ATP binding. This protein probably provides energy to the xylose and disaccharide transport system as a result of the hydrolysis of ATP.
High Sensitivity Fluorescence Detection with Multi-spot Excitation Using Y-splitters (2013)

Fluorescence detection with enhanced sensitivity is demonstrated on liquid-core waveguide chips using Y-splitters to create multiple excitation spots and applying a single signal processing step. The signal-to-noise ratio is enhanced by 200 times.
Distribution of Electrode Elements near Contacts and Junction Layers in Amorphous Silicon Solar Cell (1982)

Auger electron spectroscopy with the ion sputter-etching technique and secondary ion mass spectroscopy have been utilized to investigate the depth distribution of Sn and In, electrode elements, in amorphous silicon layers of the photovoltaic device. The comparison of the depth profiles with the cell performances has indicated that the presence of the reduced state of In in both the p and i-layers affects the solar cell performance, but that of Sn does not. It was also shown that layered structure of In–Sn oxide (ITO)/SnO 2 effectively prevents the diffusion of In and accomplishes high cell performances, having the thickness of the SnO 2 layer about 200 Å.
A Review of Vertical Organic Transistors (2020)

Abstract Powerful electronic devices require performant short‐channel transistors. For organic electronics, though, promising low‐cost and flexible electronic circuits, high processing costs for short channel devices are not acceptable. In this regard, vertical organic transistors (VOTs) are an attractive alternative, and in fact, today they reach the highest transition frequency (40 MHz) and the highest footprint current density (>1 MA cm −2 ) among all organic transistors. Here, all VOT concepts are reviewed, while discussing device physics, integration approaches, and highlighting the recent developments. The upcoming challenges for the VOT technology are also presented with a guideline for further developments.
Generation of Bright Isolated Attosecond Soft X-Ray Pulses Driven by Multi-Cycle Mid-Infrared Lasers (2014)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text C. Mancuso, M. -. Chen, C. Hernández-García, F. Dollar, B. Galloway, D. Popmintchev, B. Langdon, A. Auger, P. -. Huang, B. C. Walker, L. Plaja, A. Jaron-Becker, A. Becker, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, and T. Popmintchev, "Generation of Bright Isolated Attosecond Soft X-Ray Pulses Driven by Multi-Cycle Mid-Infrared Lasers," in CLEO: 2014, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2014), paper FTu3B.5. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Aspects of multistatic adaptive pulse compression (2005)

It is well known that two or more radars operating in close proximity, at the same time, and in the same spectrum can severely interfere with one another despite the use of low cross-correlation waveforms. Recently, an approach was proposed called multistatic adaptive pulse compression (MAPC) based on a minimum mean-square error (MMSE) formulation which has been shown to suppress both range sidelobes and cross-correlation ambiguities to the level of the noise. This paper examines the performance of the MAPC approach under the effects of Doppler mismatch. It is demonstrated that for relatively high Doppler the MAPC approach experiences some Doppler-induced sidelobes around large targets yet is still substantially superior to the standard matched filter.
High-speed precision tracking with harmonic drive systems using integral manifold control design (2005)

Harmonic drives are popular in precision positioning applications such as military radars, satellite cameras, and wafer alignment machines because of their unique property of near-zero backlash. However, precision positioning performance is degraded by non-linear effects of inherent kinematic error and flexibility. This paper presents new non-linear controller development along with experimental verification to compensate for kinematic error in the presence of flexibility in high-speed regulation and trajectory tracking applications. Several issues in implementation of complex theoretical controllers in experiments have been discussed. The development uses our previous algorithms to compensate only for the kinematic error ignoring flexibility effects (U.S. Patent 6,459,940). The proposed control development is based on recent results on the integral manifold approach and guarantees asymptotic stability. We present simulation and experimental results to further demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach for practical application. Our results thus establish a solid basis for high-speed, high-precision control design for harmonic drive systems.
DSHARP - a wide screen multi-projector display (2003)

This paper describes a projection system using DLP projectors and parabolic mirrors to provide a 90 degree curved screen with a 4 to 1 aspect ratio. This display is intended to provide an "immersive" experience for the user and facilitate a very large canvas on which to utilize multiple applications or single ones requiring a large screen. The resulting display has a 3072 x 768 pixel display area.
Human Brain Imaging and Radiation Dosimetry of <sup>11</sup>C-<i>N</i>-<i>Desmethyl</i>-Loperamide, a PET Radiotracer to Measure the Function of P-Glycoprotein (2009)

The low brain uptake of radioactivity is consistent with (11)C-dLop being a substrate for P-gp in humans and confirms that this radiotracer generates negligible quantities of brain-penetrant radiometabolites. In addition, the low rate of K(1) is consistent with P-gp rapidly effluxing substrates while they transit through the lipid bilayer. The radiation exposure of (11)C-dLop is similar to that of many other (11)C-radiotracers. Thus, (11)C-dLop is a promising radiotracer to study the function of P-gp at the blood-brain barrier, at which impaired function would allow increased uptake into the brain.
Model adaptation via model interpolation and boosting for web search ranking (2009)

This paper explores two classes of model adaptation methods for Web search ranking: Model Interpolation and error-driven learning approaches based on a boosting algorithm. The results show that model interpolation, though simple, achieves the best results on all the open test sets where the test data is very different from the training data. The tree-based boosting algorithm achieves the best performance on most of the closed test sets where the test data and the training data are similar, but its performance drops significantly on the open test sets due to the instability of trees. Several methods are explored to improve the robustness of the algorithm, with limited success.