gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stabilizing Fisheye Video from a Light-Mounted Camera (2008)

We present in this paper a method to stabilize video acquired by a fisheye camera that has been mounted underneath a cable-suspended traffic light. With cable suspension, the light, and hence the camera, tend to swing in the wind implying that stationary structures appear to move in the acquired video. To make use of the video for higher level computer vision functions, such as the detection and tracking of moving vehicles, we must account for this motion. In the proposed approach, we first select a set of salient points on fixed structures in a reference image. We then track the motion of these points in subsequent digital images using the Lucas-Kanade algorithm. Based upon the measured movement of the fixed points, we compute a mapping between the fisheye coordinate systems of the subsequent images and that of the reference image. To stabilize the video, we use these mappings to resample the fisheye images so that they are aligned with the reference fisheye image. We demonstrate the results of our approach on real data.
A Region of the 85-Kilodalton (kDa) Subunit of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Binds the 110-kDa Catalytic Subunit In Vivo (1993)

Phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase is a heterodimer consisting of an 85-kDa subunit (p85) and 110-kDa subunit (p110). The 85-kDa noncatalytic subunit, which contains two Src homology 2 (SH2) domains, one SH3 domain, and a domain homologous to the carboxy terminus of the breakpoint cluster region gene product, is known to mediate the association of the PI 3-kinase complex with activated growth factor receptors. We previously demonstrated that the C-terminal SH2 domain of p85 is responsible for the interaction of PI 3-kinase with phosphorylated platelet-derived growth factor receptor. To define the region in p85 that directs the complex formation with the PI 3-kinase catalytic subunit, a series of truncated p85 mutants was analyzed for association with p110 in vivo. We found that a fragment of p85 containing the region between the two SH2 domains was sufficient to promote the interaction with p110 in vivo. The complex between the fragment of p85 and p110 had PI 3-kinase activity that was comparable in magnitude to the activity of p110 associated with full-length p85. The binding with p110 was abolished when this domain in p85 was disrupted. These results identify a novel structural and functional element that is responsible for localizing the catalytic subunit of PI 3-kinase.
Computer extracted gland features from H&E predicts prostate cancer recurrence comparably to a genomic companion diagnostic test: a large multi-site study (2021)

Existing tools for post-radical prostatectomy (RP) prostate cancer biochemical recurrence (BCR) prognosis rely on human pathologist-derived parameters such as tumor grade, with the resulting inter-reviewer variability. Genomic companion diagnostic tests such as Decipher tend to be tissue destructive, expensive, and not routinely available in most centers. We present a tissue non-destructive method for automated BCR prognosis, termed "Histotyping", that employs computational image analysis of morphologic patterns of prostate tissue from a single, routinely acquired hematoxylin and eosin slide. Patients from two institutions (n = 214) were used to train Histotyping for identifying high-risk patients based on six features of glandular morphology extracted from RP specimens. Histotyping was validated for post-RP BCR prognosis on a separate set of n = 675 patients from five institutions and compared against Decipher on n = 167 patients. Histotyping was prognostic of BCR in the validation set (p < 0.001, univariable hazard ratio [HR] = 2.83, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.03-3.93, concordance index [c-index] = 0.68, median years-to-BCR: 1.7). Histotyping was also prognostic in clinically stratified subsets, such as patients with Gleason grade group 3 (HR = 4.09) and negative surgical margins (HR = 3.26). Histotyping was prognostic independent of grade group, margin status, pathological stage, and preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (multivariable p < 0.001, HR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.40-3.10, n = 648). The combination of Histotyping, grade group, and preoperative PSA outperformed Decipher (c-index = 0.75 vs. 0.70, n = 167). These results suggest that a prognostic classifier for prostate cancer based on digital images could serve as an alternative or complement to molecular-based companion diagnostic tests.
Custom Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Protect against a Free Radical Mediated Autoimmune Degenerative Disease in the Brain (2013)

Cerium oxide nanoparticles are potent antioxidants, based on their ability to either donate or receive electrons as they alternate between the +3 and +4 valence states. The dual oxidation state of ceria has made it an ideal catalyst in industrial applications, and more recently, nanoceria's efficacy in neutralizing biologically generated free radicals has been explored in biological applications. Here, we report the in vivo characteristics of custom-synthesized cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeNPs) in an animal model of immunological and free-radical mediated oxidative injury leading to neurodegenerative disease. The CeNPs are 2.9 nm in diameter, monodispersed and have a -23.5 mV zeta potential when stabilized with citrate/EDTA. This stabilizer coating resists being 'washed' off in physiological salt solutions, and the CeNPs remain monodispersed for long durations in high ionic strength saline. The plasma half-life of the CeNPs is ∼4.0 h, far longer than previously described, stabilized ceria nanoparticles. When administered intravenously to mice, the CeNPs were well tolerated and taken up by the liver and spleen much less than previous nanoceria formulations. The CeNPs were also able to penetrate the brain, reduce reactive oxygen species levels, and alleviate clinical symptoms and motor deficits in mice with a murine model of multiple sclerosis. Thus, CeNPs may be useful in mitigating tissue damage arising from free radical accumulation in biological systems.
Development of High-Temperature and High-Mineralization-Resistant Adaptive Plugging Agent and Its Performance Evaluation (2023)

Most of the existing drilling fluid plugging agents fail in the high-temperature and high-mineralization environment of deep formations, and the drilling fluid will enter the deep part of the formation along microfractures and fractures, causing a series of downhole complications and accidents, which seriously affects the safety and efficiency of drilling and results in great economic losses. It is important to develop a high-temperature and high-mineralization-resistant plugging agent to effectively plug the formation for the development of deep oil and gas. In this paper, an adaptive plugging agent ADS is prepared by emulsion polymerization using 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, N,N-dimethylacrylamide, and styrene as raw materials, which is resistant to high temperature and high mineralization in water-based drilling fluids, and is resistant to temperature up to 180 °C, sodium salt resistant to saturation, and calcium salt resistant to 5%. It has less influence on the rheology of the drilling fluid system.
Erythrocyte-Based Pig-a Gene Mutation Assay (2013)

In addition to chromosomal damage, assessment of gene mutation is an important part of genotoxicity testing employed during preclinical safety testing. The Pig-a gene mutation assay is based on the loss of function of the Pig-a gene, which results in a lack of cell surface expression of specific proteins that are targeted to the surface by GPI anchors. This cell surface phenotype is readily assessed by flow cytometric analysis of red blood cells. This unit describes a procedure for the collection, processing, and analysis of peripheral blood samples using materials supplied in MutaFlow® kits and a common benchtop flow cytometer.
Single-shot interferometric approach to background free broadband coherent anti- Stokes Raman scattering spectroscopy (2008)

We introduce a single-shot interferometric approach to suppress the nonresonant background (NRB) contribution to a broadband coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectrum; this single-shot approach is conducive to rapid imaging. A pulse shaper prepares a narrowband pulse with two spectral components of differing phase. When the CARS fields generated by these two out-of-phase components are optically mixed, NRB signal is greatly reduced while a resonant CARS signal remains with minimal attenuation. We discuss and demonstrate two model schemes for the interfering pulse components: (1) two pulses with different bandwidths and the same center frequency (ps-fs scheme) and (2) two pulses with the same bandwidth and shifted center frequencies (ps-ps scheme). In both schemes, only the resonant signal from the "3-color" CARS mechanism survives. The resonant signal from "2-color" CARS mechanism vanishes along with the NRB. We discuss optimization conditions for signal intensity and shape of resonant CARS peaks. Experimental CARS spectra of c-hexane and benzonitrile demonstrate feasibility of these approaches.
Urinary myelin basic protein—like material as a correlate of the progression of multiple sclerosis (1995)

In the multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of alternate-day injections of recombinant interferon beta-1b in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), urine specimens were collected periodically from all patients (n = 64) in two of the clinical test sites over the 2 years of the study. Urine specimens were also collected over two consecutive 24-hour periods from 43 patients from a third center. Urine samples were assayed for their content of myelin basic protein-like material (MBPLM), the level of which was correlated with clinical changes, cranial magnetic resonance imaging results, and the development of progressive disease. Concordant changes in creatinine values affected some of the relationships of MBPLM. The level of urinary MBPLM correlated with a chronic progressive course and with the number of lesions and the total lesion area on cranial magnetic resonance images. A rise in the level of urinary MBPLM appeared to antedate the clinical transition from a relapsing-remitting to a chronic progressive course. By chance, the randomized entry of patients led to significant differences in urinary MBPLM levels among the three treatment groups, thus precluding correlation studies of treatment effects. However, the patient group from which 24-hour specimens were collected showed that the patients with relapsing-remitting MS changing to a chronic progressive course, and more specifically, those patients with chronic progressive MS receiving placebo, had the highest values of urinary MBPLM. These findings indicate that urinary MBPLM may offer an objective test and possibly serve as a surrogate marker for detecting or predicting the failure of remission or the transition to a progressive phase of MS.
Compressor Stall Warning Using Nonlinear Feature Extraction Algorithms (2020)

Abstract Stall is a type of flow instability in compressors that sets the low-flow limit for compressor operation. During the past few decades, efforts to develop a reliable stall warning system have had limited success. This paper focuses on the small nonlinear disturbances prior to deep surge and introduces a new approach to identify these disturbances using nonlinear feature extraction algorithms including: phase-reconstruction of time-series signals and evaluation of a parameter called approximate entropy. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time approximate entropy has been used for stall warning, and thus, its definition and utility are presented in detail. The technique is applied to stall data sets from two different compressors: a high-speed centrifugal compressor that unexpectedly entered rotating stall during a speed transient and a multi-stage axial compressor with both modal- and spike-type stall inception. In both cases, nonlinear disturbances appear, in terms of spikes in approximate entropy, prior to surge. The presence of these pre-surge spikes indicates the potential of using the approximate entropy parameter for small disturbance detection and stall warning. The details of the nonlinear feature extraction algorithm, including guidelines for its application as well as results from applying the algorithm to rig-level data, are presented.
Rubber-Derived Sulfur Composite Cathode Material for Li-S/Li-ion Battery (2022)

A rubber-derived sulfur composite cathode material for the Li-S battery/Li-ion battery was synthesized by the vulcanization process of butadiene rubber as a polymer source and a large amount of sulfur. In this study, the higher vulcanization temperature of 450 °C and a larger amount of sulfur (rubber : sulfur = 1 : 10, mass/mass) than the mass production process of the rubber were applied. The rubber-derived sulfur composite has a large amount of sulfur, ca. 58 wt% and a stable cycling ability with a capacity of 400 mAh g−1 at 30 °C. The cells consisting of the rubber-derived sulfur composite as the cathode and SiO as the anode displayed a great potential as for the next-generation LIBs because of its both electrodes containing no transition metals, outstanding electrochemical properties and safety performance. The cell showed a superior high and low temperature performance from −20–80 °C for over 100 cycles and a good rate performance in which the capacity of ca. 600 mAh g−1 was obtained at the 5 C-rate at 60 °C. In addition, there were no thermal runaway and no evolution of hydrogen sulfide in the nail penetration test.
Recombinant ATPase of Virulent Aeromonas hydrophila Protects Channel Catfish Against Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (2019)

Channel catfish farming dominates the aquaculture industry in the United States. However, epidemic outbreaks of motile <i>Aeromonas</i> septicemia (MAS), caused by virulent <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i> (vAh), have become a prominent problem in the catfish industry. Although vaccination is an effective preventive method, there is no vaccine available against MAS. Recombinant proteins could induce protective immunity. Thus, in this work, vAh ATPase protein was expressed, and its protective capability was evaluated in catfish. The purified recombinant ATPase protein was injected into catfish, followed by experimental infection with <i>A. hydrophila</i> strain ML09-119 after 21 days. Results showed catfish immunized with ATPase exhibited 89.16% relative percent survival after challenge with <i>A. hydrophila</i> strain ML09-119. Bacterial concentrations in liver, spleen, and anterior kidney were significantly lower in vaccinated fish compared with the non-vaccinated sham group at 48 h post-infection (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Catfish immunized with ATPase showed a significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher antibody response compared to the non-vaccinated groups. Overall, ATPase recombinant protein has demonstrated potential to stimulate protective immunity in catfish against virulent <i>A. hydrophila</i> infection.
An Empirical Assessment of Contemporary Online Media in Ad-Hoc Corpus Creation for Social Events (2013)

Social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter have become favorite portals for users to discuss and express opinions. Research shows that topical discussions around events tend to evolve socially on microblogs. However, sources like Twitter have no explicit discussion thread which will link semantically similar posts. More-over, the discussion may be evolving in multiple different threads (like Facebook). Researchers have proposed the use of on-line contemporary documents to act as ex-ternal corpus to connect pairs of contex-tually related semantic topics. This moti-vates the question: given a significant so-cial event, what is a good choice of exter-nal corpus to identify evolution of discus-sion topics around the event’s context? In this work, we compare the effectiveness of contemporary blog posts, online news me-dia and forum discussions in creating ad-hoc external corpus. Using social propen-sity of evolution of topical discussions on Twitter to assess the goodness of the cre-ation, we find online news media as most effective. We evaluate on three large real-life Twitter datasets to affirm our findings. 1
Genetic and Epigenetic Regulation of Human Cardiac Reprogramming and Differentiation in Regenerative Medicine (2015)

Regeneration or replacement of lost cardiomyocytes within the heart has the potential to revolutionize cardiovascular medicine. Numerous methodologies have been used to achieve this aim, including the engraftment of bone marrow- and heart-derived cells as well as the identification of modulators of adult cardiomyocyte proliferation. Recently, the conversion of human somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells and induced cardiomyocyte-like cells has transformed potential approaches toward this goal, and the engraftment of cardiac progenitors derived from human embryonic stem cells into patients is now feasible. Here we review recent advances in our understanding of the genetic and epigenetic control of human cardiogenesis, cardiac differentiation, and the induced reprogramming of somatic cells to cardiomyocytes. We also cover genetic programs for inducing the proliferation of endogenous cardiomyocytes and discuss the genetic state of cells used in cardiac regenerative medicine.
The prohormone of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is elevated in severe sepsis and high levels are associated with poor outcome (2005)

The prohormone of calcitonin (procalcitonin, PCT) has gained vast importance as a new marker of systemic bacterial infection, and is now established as a routine biomarker in many intensive care settings. However, there is ample demand for additional biomarkers to tackle the challenges of sepsis prognosis and optimal stratification of high risk patients for potential therapies. We describe here an additional role for another prohormone: The prohormone of atrial natriuretic peptid (proANP).
All digital transistor high gain operational amplifier using positive feedback technique (2003)

New all digital-transistor CMOS very high DC-gain amplifiers that use internal positive-feedback technique are presented. These structures don't require perfect matching of transistors to achieve the very high DC gain, and have a very low gain sensitivity to output swing. An implementation of a sample and hold circuit constructed using one of the proposed amplifiers is described. Special layout pattern is used to cut the parasitic capacitance.
A rapid test for the detection of a B-cell marker (D8/17) in rheumatic fever patients. (1992)

A new, rapid blood test for the detection of B-cell markers in patients with rheumatic fever (RF) was applied to 10 patients with RF, 26 of their family members and 14 normal subjects. Three-hundred microliters of blood was obtained by finger-pricking from each subject and submitted to the immunofluorescence technique using three different antibodies, i.e., D8/17 monoclonal ascites antibody, FIRC-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgM (mu chain specific) and phycoerythrin-conjugated murine anti-HLA-DR antibody. D8/17 lymphocytes (green stain) and B-lymphocytes (red stain) were counted using a double-filter microscope. The percentage of positive cells was 20-64% (average 38.5%) in patients, siblings, fathers and mothers, 4.5% in 12 normal controls and 27.5% in the other 2 controls with a family history of RF. In 90% of the families studied, the patients had the highest percentage of positive cells. We conclude that this rapid test can be used as an aid for RF diagnosis and possibly to detect siblings who are at risk to develop the disease.
Microfluidic enabled beam scanning focal plane arrays (2013)

A novel microfluidic enabled focal plane array (FPA) technology is introduced for the low-cost realization of high-gain beam-scanning Ka-band antennas. The proposed FPA is formed by interconnected microfluidic reservoirs and channels that are placed at the back surface of an extended hemispherical dielectric lens. Scanning is performed by moving the liquid metal antenna through the channels by utilizing a low loss dielectric solution and pumps. Therefore, the RF switching needs of the FPAs can be significantly reduced. This principle is demonstrated through an 8×1 30 GHz FPA capable of providing 7 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sup> half power beamwidth over a beam scanning range of ±30 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sup> without employing any RF switches.
Repair of phase-shifting mask defects using a novel planarization technique with conventional blanks (1994)

A new phase defect repair technique of phase-shifting masks made using conventional chrome-on-quartz blanks is proposed. This technique is based on the planarization of defects and dry etching of the defective area under conditions where the planarization layer etch rate is made equal to the quartz etch rate. The process consists of defining an opening on top of the defective area of the mask in a photoresist layer covering the planarization layer using UV exposure. Phase defects can, therefore, be etched away independent of their three-dimensional profile. An additional advantage of this technique is that the lithography for defect repair and therefore the repair itself is automatically self-aligned to the chrome edge. The feasibility of this process defect repair has been demonstrated using a test mask with programmed phase defects. Wafer printability results show that the defects were effectively removed. This technique has been used to successfully fabricate a phase-shifting mask contact level for a 4 Mbit DRAM product.
Damage-free mask repair using electron-beam-induced chemical reactions (2002)

Substrate damage from Ga ions is a fundamental problem of using focused ion beam (FIB) for mask defect repair. One way to avoid substrate damage from repair is to replace Ga ions with electrons. In this paper, we describe our efforts and present some promising results that demonstrate the feasibility of using e-beam induced processes for mask repair. We employ e-beam induced chemical etching for opaque defect removal and metal deposition for clear defect repair. The examples will include Pt deposition, quartz etch for phase-shift mask and TaN etch for EUV mask. High-resolution electron beam technology is relatively mature, so the infrastructure for building an e-beam system suitable for mask repair exists today. This makes the development of an e-beam based damage-free repair technology attractive. E-beam also offers superior spatial resolution for high edge placement precision and image quality for small defects on ever shrinking mask features.
Coronary Centerline Extraction via Optimal Flow Paths and CNN Path Pruning (2016)

We present a novel method for the automated extraction of blood vessel centerlines. There are two major contributions. First, in order to avoid the shortcuts to which minimal path methods are prone, we find optimal paths in a computed flow field. We solve for a steady state porous media flow inside a region of interest and trace centerlines as maximum flow paths. We explain how to estimate anisotropic orientation tensors which are used as permeability tensors in our flow field computation. Second, we introduce a convolutional neural network (CNN) classifier for removing extraneous paths in the detected centerlines. We apply our method to the extraction of coronary artery centerlines found in Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA). The robustness and stability of our method are enhanced by using a model-based detection of coronary specific territories and main branches to constrain the search space [15]. Validation against 20 comprehensively annotated datasets had a sensitivity and specificity at or above 90 %. Validation against 106 clinically annotated coronary arteries showed a sensitivity above 97 %.
Integrated On-Chip Inductors Using Magnetic Materials (2011)

Abstract not Available.