gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A carrier-based PWM scheme for neutral-point voltage balancing in three-level inverters (2004)

A significant problem with neutral-point-clamped three-level inverters is the fluctuation in the neutral point voltage. In this paper, a capacitor voltage balancing technique for carrier-based three-level PWM is developed, with improved voltage control capability at high modulation index. The method incorporates a novel scheme that requires measurements of only the motor currents and capacitor voltages to implement voltage balancing control, and does not need to determine the direction of power flow between the motor and the inverter.
Enhancement Of Speaker Identification Using Sid-Usable Speech (2005)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Antalya, Turkey, 2005
Vaginal<i> Lactobacillus </i>microbiota of healthy women in the late first trimester of pregnancy (2007)

Our results may have implications on the composition and on the use of Lactobacillus preparations for the prevention of recurrent vaginal infection.
Platoon-based self-scheduling for real-time traffic signal control (2011)

In this paper, we take a self-scheduling approach to solving the traffic signal control problem, where each intersection is controlled by a self-interested agent operating with a limited (fixed horizon) view of incoming traffic. Central to the approach is a representation that aggregates incoming vehicles into critical clusters, based on the non-uniformly distributed nature of road traffic flows. Starting from a recently developed signal timing strategy based on clearing anticipated queues, we propose extended real-time decision policies that also incorporate look-ahead of approaching vehicle platoons, and thus focus attention more on keeping vehicles moving than on simply clearing queues. We present simulation results that demonstrate the benefit of our approach over simple queue clearing, both in promoting the establishment of “green waves” where vehicles move through the road network without stopping and in improving overall traffic flows.
Phosphonium-Bridged Alkali and Alkaline-Earth Metallocene Complexes<sup>1</sup> (1998)

Chiral metallocene complexes with a dialkylphosphonium bridge and different main-group metal (Li, K, Ba) centers have been synthesized from phosphonium-bridged bis(cyclopentadienyl) ligands in their mono- and diprotonated forms. NMR studies in solution and crystal structures of the kalocene Me2P(2-Me-4-tBu-C5H2)2K and of the barocene Me2P(2-Me-4-tBu-C5H2)2Ba(THF)3+BPh4- show that these metallocenes are obtained in form of their racemic diastereomers.
Thermoelectric Power Generation from Lanthanum Strontium Titanium Oxide at Room Temperature through the Addition of Graphene (2015)

The applications of strontium titanium oxide based thermoelectric materials are currently limited by their high operating temperatures of >700 °C. Herein, we show that the thermal operating window of lanthanum strontium titanium oxide (LSTO) can be reduced to room temperature by the addition of a small amount of graphene. This increase in operating performance will enable future applications such as generators in vehicles and other sectors. The LSTO composites incorporated one percent or less of graphene and were sintered under an argon/hydrogen atmosphere. The resultant materials were reduced and possessed a multiphase structure with nanosized grains. The thermal conductivity of the nanocomposites decreased upon the addition of graphene, whereas the electrical conductivity and power factor both increased significantly. These factors, together with a moderate Seebeck coefficient, meant that a high power factor of ∼2500 μWm(-1)K(-2) was reached at room temperature at a loading of 0.6 wt % graphene. The highest thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) was achieved when 0.6 wt % graphene was added (ZT = 0.42 at room temperature and 0.36 at 750 °C), with >280% enhancement compared to that of pure LSTO. A preliminary 7-couple device was produced using bismuth strontium cobalt oxide/graphene-LSTO pucks. This device had a Seebeck coefficient of ∼1500 μV/K and an open voltage of 600 mV at a mean temperature of 219 °C.
Biological Properties of Structurally Related α-Helical Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides (1999)

A series of α-helical cationic antimicrobial peptide variants with small amino acid changes was designed. Alterations in the charge, hydrophobicity, or length of the variant peptides did not improve the antimicrobial activity, and there was no statistically significant correlation between any of these factors and the MIC forPseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, orSalmonella typhimurium. Individual peptides demonstrated synergy with conventional antibiotics against antibiotic-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa. The peptides varied considerably in the ability to bind E. coli O111:B4 lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and this correlated significantly with their antimicrobial activity and ability to block LPS-stimulated tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 production. In general, the peptides studied here demonstrated a broad range of activities, including antimicrobial, antiendotoxin, and enhancer activities.
Dual-beam actuation of piezoelectric AlN RF MEMS switches monolithically integrated with AlN contour-mode resonators (2008)

This work reports on piezoelectric aluminum nitride (AlN) based dual-beam RF MEMS switches that have been monolithically integrated with AlN contour-mode resonators. The dual-beam switch design presented in this paper intrinsically compensates for the residual stress in the deposited films, requires a low actuation voltage (5 to 20 V) and facilitates active pull-off to open the switch and exhibits fast switching times (1 to 2 µs). This work also presents the combined response (cascaded S parameters) of a resonator and a switch that were co-fabricated on the same substrate. The response shows that the resonator can be effectively turned on and off by the switch. A post-CMOS compatible process was used for the co-fabrication of both the switches and the resonators. The single-chip RF solution presented constitutes an unprecedented step forward towards the realization of compact, low-loss and integrated multi-frequency RF front-ends.
Interactive Images (2003)

Interactive Images are a natural extension of three recent developments: digital photography, interactive web pages, and browsable video. An interactive image is a multi-dimensional image, displayed two dimensions at a time (like a standard digital image), but with which a user can interact to browse through the other dimensions. One might consider a standard video sequence viewed with a video player as a simple interactive image with time as the third dimension. Interactive images are a generalization of this idea, in which the third (and greater) dimensions may be focus, exposure, white balance, saturation, and other parameters. Interaction is handled via a variety of modes including those we call ordinal, pixel-indexed, cumulative, and comprehensive. Through exploration of three novel forms of interactive images based on color, exposure, and focus, we will demonstrate the compelling nature of interactive images.
Parametric Plan Caching Using Density-Based Clustering (2012)

Query plan caching eliminates the need for repeated query optimization, hence, it has strong practical implications for relational database management systems (RDBMSs). Unfortunately, existing approaches consider only the query plan generated at the expected values of parameters that characterize the query, data and the current state of the system, while these parameters may take different values during the lifetime of a cached plan. A better alternative is to harvest the optimizer's plan choice for different parameter values, populate the cache with promising query plans, and select a cached plan based upon current parameter values. To address this challenge, we propose a parametric plan caching (PPC) framework that uses an online plan space clustering algorithm. The clustering algorithm is density-based, and it exploits locality-sensitive hashing as a pre-processing step so that clusters in the plan spaces can be efficiently stored in database histograms and queried in constant time. We experimentally validate that our approach is precise, efficient in space-and-time and adaptive, requiring no eager exploration of the plan spaces of the optimizer.
Method of and apparatus for canceling vibrations from a source of repetitive vibrations (1986)

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Global motion estimation in frequency and spatial domain (2004)

We propose a fast and robust global motion estimation (GME) algorithm, based on a 2-stage coarse-to-fine refinement strategy, which is capable of measuring large motions. A 6-parameter affine motion model has been used. Coarse estimation is carried out in the frequency domain using polar, log-polar or log-log sampling of the Fourier magnitude spectrum of the sub-sampled image. The sampling scheme is adaptively selected, based on past motion patterns. The refinement stage consists of a RANSAC based model fitting to motion vectors of randomly selected high-activity blocks, and hence is robust to outliers. The motion vector of blocks is measured using phase correlation, which offers two advantages in this context: sub-pixel accuracy without significant computational overhead; and if a particular block consists of background as well as foreground pixels, both motions are simultaneously measured. Due to its hardware-friendly nature, the proposed algorithm holds potential for real-time GME even for television images.
Zone and polygon menus (2006)

We present Zone and Polygon menus, two new variants of multi-stroke marking menus that consider both the relative position and orientation of strokes. Our menus are designed to increase menu breadth over the 8 item limit of status quo orientation-based marking menus. An experiment shows that Zone and Polygon menus can successfully increase breadth by a factor of 2 or more over orientation-based marking menus, while maintaining high selection speed and accuracy. We also discuss hybrid techniques that may further increase menu breadth and performance. Our techniques offer UI designers new options for balancing menu breadth and depth against selection speed and accuracy.
Impact of Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring Errors on Glucose Variability, Risk for Hypoglycemia, and Average Glucose Control in Type 1 Diabetes: An <i>In Silico</i> Study (2010)

A number of parameters of glycemic control deteriorated substantially with the increase of permitted SMBG errors, as revealed by a series of computer simulations (e.g., in silico) experiments. A threshold effect apparent between 10 and 15% permitted SMBG error for most parameters, except for HbA1c, which appeared to be increasing relatively linearly with increasing SMBG error above 10%.
An autonomously replicating sequence for use in a wide range of budding yeasts (2013)

The initiation of DNA replication at replication origins is essential for the duplication of genomes. In yeast, the autonomously replicating sequence (ARS) property of replication origins is necessary for the stable maintenance of episomal plasmids. However, because the sequence determinants of ARS function differ among yeast species, current ARS modules are limited for use to a subset of yeasts. Here, we describe a short ARS sequence that functions in at least 10 diverse species of budding yeast. These include, but are not limited to members of the Saccharomyces, Lachancea, Kluyveromyces, and Pichia (Komagataella) genera spanning over 500 million years of evolution. In addition to its wide species range, this ARS and an optimized derivative confer improved plasmid stability relative to other currently used ARS modules.
Design and Development of New Glass-Ceramic Proton Conducting Membranes (2002)

A new class of proton conducting membranes for hydrogen fuel cell applications are being developed using thio-acids. These membranes are being designed to yield high proton conductivities (10-6 to 10-3 S/cm), to be anhydrous, thermally stable, chemically stable to H2O and O2 in a typical fuel cell setup, and have minimal fuel cross-over capability. New thio-acids are being synthesized to fulfill these goals. Thus far, conductivity values of 10-5 S/cm are achievable at ∼500oC, along with excellent thermal and chemical stability in contact with H2O and O2. Conductivities of 10-5 S/cm are also achievable from thio-acids intercalated with H2S at room temperature; however, these compounds decompose above room temperature to form the crystalline thio-acid counterparts.
Deep Convolutional Ranking for Multilabel Image Annotation (2014)

Multilabel image annotation is one of the most important challenges in computer vision with many real-world applications. While existing work usually use con-ventional visual features for multilabel annotation, features based on Deep Neural Networks have shown potential to significantly boost performance. In this work, we propose to leverage the advantage of such features and analyze key compo-nents that lead to better performances. Specifically, we show that a significant per-formance gain could be obtained by combining convolutional architectures with approximate top-k ranking objectives, as thye naturally fit the multilabel tagging problem. Our experiments on the NUS-WIDE dataset outperforms the conven-tional visual features by about 10%, obtaining the best reported performance in the literature. 1
MM-BD: Post-Training Detection of Backdoor Attacks with Arbitrary Backdoor Pattern Types Using a Maximum Margin Statistic (2022)

Backdoor attacks are an important type of adversarial threat against deep neural network classifiers, wherein test samples from one or more source classes will be (mis)classified to the attacker's target class when a backdoor pattern is embedded. In this paper, we focus on the post-training backdoor defense scenario commonly considered in the literature, where the defender aims to detect whether a trained classifier was backdoor-attacked without any access to the training set. Many post-training detectors are designed to detect attacks that use either one or a few specific backdoor embedding functions (e.g., patch-replacement or additive attacks). These detectors may fail when the backdoor embedding function used by the attacker (unknown to the defender) is different from the backdoor embedding function assumed by the defender. In contrast, we propose a post-training defense that detects backdoor attacks with arbitrary types of backdoor embeddings, without making any assumptions about the backdoor embedding type. Our detector leverages the influence of the backdoor attack, independent of the backdoor embedding mechanism, on the landscape of the classifier's outputs prior to the softmax layer. For each class, a maximum margin statistic is estimated. Detection inference is then performed by applying an unsupervised anomaly detector to these statistics. Thus, our detector does not need any legitimate clean samples, and can efficiently detect backdoor attacks with arbitrary numbers of source classes. These advantages over several state-of-the-art methods are demonstrated on four datasets, for three different types of backdoor patterns, and for a variety of attack configurations. Finally, we propose a novel, general approach for backdoor mitigation once a detection is made. The mitigation approach was the runner-up at the first IEEE Trojan Removal Competition. The code is online available.
Effects of NO-Hybridization on the Immunomodulatory Properties of the HIV Protease Inhibitors Lopinavir and Ritonavir (2015)

HIV protease inhibitors (PIs) are antiretroviral agents, which have been found to also affect several cellular processes, such as inflammation and cell progression. In studies on non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs, the addition of a nitric oxide (NO) moiety has been shown to both reduce their toxicity and enhance their pharmacological efficacy. Along this line of research, several derivatives of PIs have been synthesized by covalent attachment of NO moiety to the parental molecules. Previous work has indicated that NO-hybridization of the prototypical PI, Saquinavir leads to a derivative named Saquinavir-NO that while retaining the antiretroviral effect, acquires antitumoural and immunomodulatory properties along with reduced toxicity in vitro and in vivo. These data prompted us to evaluate the effects of NO-hybridization on two other PIs, Lopinavir and Ritonavir. The two NO-derivatives were compared head to head with their parental compounds on human primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells as well as on human primary macrophages. Lopinavir-NO and Lopinavir were also screened in an in vivo model of autoimmune hepatitis. Our results prove that Lopinavir-NO exerts markedly superior effects as compared to the parental compound both in vitro and in vivo. On the contrary, Ritonavir-NO effects overlapped those of Ritonavir. These data demonstrate that NO-hybridization of Lopinavir generates a derivative with significantly stronger immunomodulatory effects that are apparently related to an action of the compound on T-cell secretory capacity. Lopinavir-NO deserves additional studies for its possible use in T-cell-mediated autoimmune diseases including, but not limited to autoimmune hepatitis.
Mutations in Yeast ARV1 Alter Intracellular Sterol Distribution and Are Complemented by Human ARV1 (2000)

Intracellular cholesterol redistribution between membranes and its subsequent esterification are critical aspects of lipid homeostasis that prevent free sterol toxicity. To identify genes that mediate sterol trafficking, we screened for yeast mutants that were inviable in the absence of sterol esterification. Mutations in the novel gene, ARV1, render cells dependent on sterol esterification for growth, nystatin-sensitive, temperature-sensitive, and anaerobically inviable. Cells lacking Arv1p display altered intracellular sterol distribution and are defective in sterol uptake, consistent with a role for Arv1p in trafficking sterol into the plasma membrane. Human ARV1, a predicted sequence ortholog of yeast ARV1, complements the defects associated with deletion of the yeast gene. The genes are predicted to encode transmembrane proteins with potential zinc-binding motifs. We propose that ARV1 is a novel mediator of eukaryotic sterol homeostasis.
Immunogenicity, toxicology, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of growth hormone ligand–receptor fusions (2010)

A fundamental concern for all new biological therapeutics is the possibility of inducing an immune response. We have recently demonstrated that an LR-fusion (ligand-receptor fusion) of growth hormone generates a potent long-acting agonist; however, the immunogenicity and toxicity of these molecules have not been tested. To address these issues, we have designed molecules with low potential as immunogens and undertaken immunogenicity and toxicology studies in Macaca fascicularis and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies in rats. Two variants of the LR-fusion, one with a flexible linker (GH-LRv2) and the other without (GH-LRv3), were tested. Comparison was made with native human GH (growth hormone). GH-LRv2 and GH-LRv3 demonstrated similar pharmacokinetics in rats, showing reduced clearance compared with native GH and potent agonist activity with respect to body weight gain in a hypophysectomized rat model. In M. fascicularis, a low level of antibodies to GH-LRv2 was found in one sample, but there was no other evidence of any immunogenic response to the other fusion protein. There were no toxic effects and specifically no changes in histology at injection sites after two repeated administrations. The pharmacokinetic profiles in monkeys confirmed long half-lives for both GH-LRv2 and GH-LRv3 representing exceptionally delayed clearance over rhGH (recombinant human GH). The results suggest that repeated administration of a GH LR-fusion is safe, non-toxic, and the pharmacokinetic profile suggests that two to three weekly administrations is a potential therapeutic regimen for humans.
Phase Contrast Enhancement with Phase Plates in Biological Electron Microscopy (2010)

Theoretically, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is compatible with three different types of phase plate: thin-film, electrostatic, and magnetic. However, designing functional phase plates has been an arduous process that has suffered from unavoidable technical obstacles such as phase-plate charging and difficulties associated with micro-fabrication of electrostatic and magnetic phase plates. This review discusses phase-contrast schemes that allow visualization of transparent objects with high contrast. Next it deals with recent studies on biological applications ranging from proteins and viruses to whole cells. Finally, future prospects for overcoming the problem of phase-plate charging and for designing the next generation of phase-plates to solve the problem of electron loss inherent in thin-film phase plates are discussed.
Development of nanocapsules through the adaptation of polymer microcapsule fabrication method (2003)

Alterations were made to a microcapsule ultrasound contrast agent fabrication procedure, previously developed in our lab, to acquire a nanocapsule ultrasound contrast agent. The purpose of scaling down to nanocapsule fabrication is for their future use in targeted therapeutic imaging and drug delivery applications. Several experimental parameters, such as homogenization time, polymer concentration and amounts of encapsulating agents, were individually varied and their effects on capsule size were investigated. Hollow nanocapsules with acceptable size and echogenic properties were produced with this converted method.
Iterative Method to Detect Atrial Activations and Measure Cycle Length From Electrograms During Atrial Fibrillation (2013)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) electrograms are characterized by varying morphologies, amplitudes, and cycle lengths (CLs), presenting a challenge for automated detection of individual activations and the activation rate. In this study, we evaluate an algorithm to detect activations and measure CLs from AF electrograms. This algorithm iteratively adjusts the detection threshold level until the mean CL converges with the median CL to detect all individual activations. A total of 291 AF electrogram recordings from 13 patients (11 male, 58 ± 10 years old) undergoing AF ablation were obtained. Using manual markings by two independent reviewers as the standard, we compared the cycle length iteration algorithm with a fixed threshold algorithm and dominant frequency (DF) for the estimation of CL. At segment lengths of 10 s, when comparing the algorithm detected to the manually detected activation, the undersensing, oversensing, and total discrepancy rates were 2.4%, 4.6%, and 7.0%, respectively, and with absolute differences in mean and median CLs were 7.9 ± 9.6 ms and 5.6 ± 6.8 ms, respectively. These results outperformed DF and fixed threshold-based measurements. This robust method can be used for CL measurements in either real-time and offline settings and may be useful in the mapping of AF.
Development of MWIR continuous zoom with large zoom range (2011)

A thermal imaging zoom system has been developed for the mid wave infrared band with greater than 30X zoom range. The zoom system provides continuous changes in the field of view from the narrow field of view to the wide field of view. Athermalization was also a key feature included in the design. An active thermal compensation approach is being used to cover a broad thermal range. A preloaded rail approach is used to maintain boresight and vibration requirements. The final optical layout and mechanical design resulted in a system suitable for tactical and other harsh environments. The current design is very compact for the extremely large zoom range but, the lens layout also provides adequate space for folding. In this way the zoom system can be easily configured for applications with compact space claims such as small turrets or gimbals. The fundamental optical design has also been found to be capable of accommodating different camera formats (focal plane array size and F number).