gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functional Perfluoroalkyl Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (F-POSS): Building Blocks for Low Surface Energy Materials (2010)

Abstract : Fluorinated polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (F-POSS), a subclass of POSS, were recently synthesized and have proven to be an excellent low-surface energy material for superhydrophobic and oleophobic surfaces. These F-POSS compounds consist of a silicon-oxide core with a periphery of long chain fluorinated alkyl groups ranging from 6-12 carbon atoms in length. Herein, a disilanol perfluoroalkyl polyhedral oligomeric silsequioxane (F-POSS-(OH)2) has been synthesized via a viable multi-step synthesis (52% yield). These incompletely condesened structures were readily reacted with a variety of dichlorosilanes to produce functional F-POSS structures. Structures were confirmed with multinuclear NMR (1H, 13C, and 29Si) and found to possess different solubility properties compared to the closed-cage F-POSS. These novel structures can be used as the initial building blocks for the development of new superhydrophobic and oleophobic materials.
Ion kinetics and self pulsing in DC microplasma discharges at atmospheric and higher pressure (2016)

Atmospheric pressure microplasma devices have been the subject of considerable interest and research during the last decade. Most of the operation regime of the plasma discharges studied fall in the 'abnormal', 'normal' and 'corona' modes—increasing and a 'flat' voltage current characteristics. However, the negative differential resistance regime at atmospheric and high pressures has been less studied and possesses unique characteristics that can be employed for novel applications. In this work, the role of ion kinetics especially associated with trace impurities; on the self pulsing behavior has been investigated. Detailed numerical simulations have been conducted with a validated model for a helium-nitrogen feed gas mixture. Different oscillatory modes were observed where the discharge was found to undergo complete or partial relaxation. Trace amount of nitrogen was found to significantly alter the pulsing characteristics. External parameters influencing these self oscillations are also studied and aspects of the ion kinetics on the oscillatory behavior are discussed.
Determination of control parameters for a Radio-Frequency based crane controller (2010)

Human operators have difficulty driving cranes quickly, accurately, and safely because of the sluggish response of the massive structure and large payload swings. Manipulation difficulty is also increased by non-intuitive crane-control interfaces that consist of buttons and levers. A new type of crane-control interface allows operators to drive a crane by simply moving a small radio frequency emitter through the desired path. Real-time-location sensors track the movements of the radio tag. The tag position is used in a proportional feedback control scheme to drive the crane trolley toward the tag. Unfortunately, the crane payload usually responds with large-amplitude swings. Feedback control of the payload swing is not implemented, due to the difficulty of measuring the payload state. Instead, an input-shaping control element is used to limit swing. Simulations of the crane dynamics are used to select a good combination of feedback gains and input-shaper parameters. Experiments performed on an industrial bridge crane verify the effectiveness of the proposed control approach.
An experimental and theoretical study of 1–3 AND 1-3-0 piezoelectric PZT-Polymer composites for hydrophone applications (1986)

Abstract A new type of piezoelectric PZT-polymer 1-3-0 composite was fabricated with a single large void present in the center of the composite. Experimentally and theoretically the addition of this type of void to a 1–3 composite significantly enhances the hydrostatic piezoelectric [dbar] h and [gbar] h coefficients. A comparison of the experimental results and theoretical predictions was made. The pressure and frequency dependences of the properties of the 1-3 and 1-3-0 composites were measured, along with the effect of hydrostatic pressure cycling. The 1-3-0 composites partially depoled from pressure cycling to 600 psi (4.1 MPa), indicating that the limit of hydrostatic sensitivity, physically possible for the soft PZT used, was exceeded.
Development of a transformation system for the flavinogenic yeast<i>Candida famata</i> (2002)

Riboflavin-overproducing mutants of the flavinogenic yeast Candida famata are used for industrial riboflavin production. This paper describes the development of an efficient transformation system for this species. Leucine-deficient mutants have been isolated from C. famata VKM Y-9 wild-type strain. Among them leu2 mutants were identified by transformation to leucine prototrophy with plasmids YEp13 and PRpL2 carrying the Saccharomyces cerevisiae LEU2 gene. DNA fragments (called CfARSs) conferring increased transformation frequencies and extrachromosomal replication were isolated from a C. famata gene library constructed on the integrative vector containing the S. cerevisiae LEU2 gene as a selective marker. The smallest cloned fragment (CfARS16) has been sequenced. This one had high adenine plus thymine (A+T) base pair content and a sequence homologous to the S. cerevisiae ARS Consensus Sequence. Methods for spheroplast transformation and electrotransformation of the yeast C. famata were optimized. They conferred high transformation frequencies (up to 105 transformants per μg DNA) with a C. famata leu2 mutant using replicative plasmids containing the S. cerevisiae LEU2 gene as a selective marker. Riboflavin-deficient mutants were isolated from the C. famata leu2 strain and their biochemical identification was carried out. Using the developed transformation system, several C. famata genomic fragments complementing mutations of structural genes for riboflavin biosynthesis (coding for GTP cyclohydrolase, reductase, dihydroxybutanone phosphate synthase and riboflavin synthase, respectively) have been cloned.
A DC-AC Power Conversion Technique Using Twin Resonant High-Frequency Links (1983)

The advantages of load commUtated high-frequency (HF) sinusoidal inverters as link stiiges in power conversion are well-known. An inverter configuration that employs parallel connection of the load to the resonating capacitor can be employed to realize the high- frequency link. A technique of dc to low-frequency ac power conversion using two, such high-fre4uency links is presented. The frequencies of the two links differ by twice the required output frequency. The difference between the two link voltages is then a high- frequency ac voltage whose envelope is a low-frequency ac wave at the required output frequency. The frequency of the envelope wave is decided by the difference between the two link frequencies while the amplitude depends on the amplitude of the individual voltages. Thus the output voltage can be regulated by varying the link frequencies, and so long as the frequency difference remains constant, the output (envelope) frequency is not affected. The output voltage can be obtained from the difference of the two link voltages by appropriate rectification/inversion. This process can be regarded as a form of cycloconversion in which the modulation process is incorporated in the input voltage instead of the switching.
Particle Beam Focusing Using Radiation Pressure (2005)

A novel technique for fine particle beam focusing under the atmospheric pressure is introduced using a radiation pressure assisted aerodynamic lens. To introduce the radiation pressure in the aerodynamic focusing system, a 25mm plano-convex lens having 2.5mm hole at its center is used as an orifice. The particle beam width is measured for various laser power, particle size, and flow velocity. In addition, the effect of the laser characteristics on the beam focusing is evaluated comparing an optical tweezers type and pure gradient force type. For the pure aerodynamic focusing system, the particle beam width was decreased as increasing particle size and Reynolds number. Using the optical tweezers type, the particle beam width becomes smaller than that of the pure aerodynamic focusing system aobet 16%, 11.4% and 9.6% for PSL particle size of 2.5㎛, 1.0㎛, and 0.5㎛, respectively. Particle beam width was minimized around the laser power of 0.2W. However, as increasing the laser power higher than 0.4W, the particle beam width was increased a little and it approached almost a constant value which is still smaller than that of the pure aerodynamic focusing system. For pure gradient force type, the reduction of the particle beam width was smaller than optical tweezers type but proportional to laser power. The radiation pressure effect on the particle beam width is intensified aa Reynolds number decreases or particle size increases relatively.
Characterization of a targeted nanoparticle functionalized with a urea-based inhibitor of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) (2008)

Polymeric nanoparticles represent a form of targeted therapy due to their ability to passively accumulate within the tumor interstitium via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. We used a combined approach to decorate the surface of a nanoparticle with a urea-based small-molecule peptidomimetic inhibitor of prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA). PSMA is expressed by normal and malignant prostate epithelial cells and by the neovasculature of almost all solid tumors. This strategy takes advantage of both the avidity of the functionalized nanoparticle for binding to PSMA and the ability of the nanoparticle to be retained for longer periods of time in the tumor due to enhanced leakage via EPR into the tumor interstitium. As an initial step to introducing the targeting moiety, the amino terminus of the small-molecule PSMA inhibitor was conjugated to PEG (M(n) 3400) bearing an activated carboxyl group to obtain a PEGylated inhibitor. Studies undertaken using a radiolabeled PSMA-substrate based assay established that the PEGylated inhibitor had an IC(50) value similar to the uncomplexed inhibitor. Subsequently, nanoparticles loaded with docetaxel were formulated using a mixture of poly(lactide-beta-ethylene glycol-beta-lactide) and PSMA-inhibitor bound alpha-amino-omega-hydroxy terminated poly (ethylene glycol-beta-epsilon-caprolactone). In vitro studies using these nanoparticles demonstrated selective cytotoxicity against PSMA-producing cells. Binding of fluorescently labeled PSMA-targeted particles to PSMA-producing cells has also been directly observed using fluorescence microscopy and observed in secondary fashion using a PSMA substrate based enzyme inhibition assay. Ongoing in vivo studies address the localization, activity and toxicity of these targeted nanoparticles against PSMA-producing human prostate tumor xenografts.
Identification of Sulfonylurea Herbicide-Resistant Prickly Lettuce (<i>Lactuca serriola</i>) (1990)

A naturally occurring prickly lettuce biotype resistant to a 5:1 formulated mixture of chlorsulfuron:metsulfuron (DPX-G8311) was identified in a no-till winter wheat field near Lewiston, ID, in April, 1987. Field and greenhouse studies were established to evaluate its resistance to other sulfonylureas, imidazolinones, and herbicides with alternate sites of action. The resistant biotype resisted eight sulfonylurea herbicides; resisted the imidazolinone herbicides, imazapyr and imazethypyr, but not imazaquin; and resisted no other herbicides included in the studies. The resistant biotype was identified in seven of nine fields on the farm where it was discovered.
Real-Time Panoptic Segmentation from Dense Detections (2019)

Panoptic segmentation is a complex full scene parsing task requiring simultaneous instance and semantic segmentation at high resolution. Current state-of-the-art approaches cannot run in real-time, and simplifying these architectures to improve efficiency severely degrades their accuracy. In this paper, we propose a new single-shot panoptic segmentation network that leverages dense detections and a global self-attention mechanism to operate in real-time with performance approaching the state of the art. We introduce a novel parameter-free mask construction method that substantially reduces computational complexity by efficiently reusing information from the object detection and semantic segmentation sub-tasks. The resulting network has a simple data flow that does not require feature map re-sampling or clustering post-processing, enabling significant hardware acceleration. Our experiments on the Cityscapes and COCO benchmarks show that our network works at 30 FPS on 1024x2048 resolution, trading a 3% relative performance degradation from the current state of the art for up to 440% faster inference.
G-RCA: A Generic Root Cause Analysis Platform for Service Quality Management in Large IP Networks (2012)

An increasingly diverse set of applications, such as Internet games, streaming videos, e-commerce, online banking, and even mission-critical emergency call services, all relies on IP networks. In such an environment, best-effort service is no longer acceptable. This requires a transformation in network management from detecting and replacing individual faulty network elements to managing the end-to-end service quality as a whole. In this paper, we describe the design and development of a Generic Root Cause Analysis platform (G-RCA) for service quality management (SQM) in large IP networks. G-RCA contains a comprehensive service dependency model that incorporates topological and cross-layer relationships, protocol interactions, and control plane dependencies. G-RCA abstracts the root cause analysis process into signature identification for symptom and diagnostic events, temporal and spatial event correlation, and reasoning and inference logic. G-RCA provides a flexible rule specification language that allows operators to quickly customize G-RCA and provide different root cause analysis tools as new problems need to be investigated. G-RCA is also integrated with data trending, manual data exploration, and statistical correlation mining capabilities. G-RCA has proven to be a highly effective SQM platform in several different applications, and we present results regarding BGP flaps, PIM flaps in Multicast VPN service, and end-to-end throughput degradation in content delivery network (CDN) service.
A multipli-entangled photon source for cluster state generation (2012)

This paper expands upon prior work on an entangled photon source generating six pairs of photons via spontaneous parametric down-conversion in a single pass configuration. Experimental results measuring entangled photons at 810 nm are shown and other wavelength regimes will be discussed. The design and fabrication considerations for a group velocity matched (GVM) superlattice photon source are discussed. An application of this source enables various multiqubit cluster states to be generated in a compact unidirectional configuration. This configuration simplifies the interferometric stability for any associated feed-forward methods required in photon-based quantum logic circuitry.
An Innovative Device for Passive Control of Surge in Industrial Compression Systems (2000)

The present paper reports a numerical-experimental study on the dynamic behaviour of a compression system based on a multi-stage centrifugal blower and fitted with an innovative device for the dynamic suppression of surge instability. The control device is of passive type and is based on the aeroelastic coupling of the basic compression system with a hydraulic oscillator. The controlled system is modelled at first by using a non-linear lumped parameter approach. The simulated system dynamics within a wide range of operating conditions allows a parametric analysis to be performed and the optimal values of the control parameters to be singled out. Such optimal values are then used to design the hydraulic oscillator, which results in a technically feasible and very simple configuration. Finally, experimental tests are carried out on the compression plant with and without the passive control device, which demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control system in suppressing surge instabilities, at least within the limits predicted by the numerical simulation.
Erosion–Corrosion‐Resistant Titanium Diboride Cermets for High‐Temperature Process Applications (2008)

Reactor vessels and internals used for high‐temperature processes such as in refining and chemical industries are exposed to aggressive fluids often containing hard catalyst particles moving at high velocities. The protection of these vessels and internals against erosion‐ and corrosion‐induced material degradation is a technological challenge. The life span of the state–of‐the‐art monolithic refractory liners currently in use is limited by excessive mechanical attrition of the liner from high‐velocity solid particle impingement, mechanical cracking, and spalling. The advanced TiB 2 ‐stainless‐steel (SS) cermets are designed for chemical stability required for long‐term service and offer an order of magnitude higher erosion resistance over the state‐of‐the‐art, high fracture toughness ( K 1 C ∼12 MPa m 1/2 ) and excellent corrosion resistance ( k p ∼1.9 × 10 −11 g 2 /cm 4 /s at 800°C in air). Materials, design, microstructure, key mechanical properties, erosion, and corrosion resistance of the newly developed TiB 2 ‐SS cermets are presented.
The atmospheric vortex engine (2009)

Mechanical energy is produced when heat is carried upward by convection in the atmosphere. An atmospheric vortex engine (AVE) uses an artificially created anchored tornado like vortex to capture the mechanical energy produced during upward heat convection. The vortex is created by admitting warm or humid air tangentially into the base of a circular wall. The heat source can be solar energy, warm sea water, warm humid air or waste industrial heat. There is no need for solar collectors; the heat collector is the earth's surface in its natural state. The AVE has the same thermodynamic basis as the solar chimney except that the physical chimney is replaced by centrifugal force in a vortex and that the solar collector is replaced by the earth's surface in its unaltered state. The mechanical energy is produced in peripheral turbo-generators. The AVE has a large energy production potential and could alleviate global warming by reducing the quantity of fuel required to meet energy needs. An AVE would increase the efficiency of a thermal power plant by reducing its cold source temperature from the temperature at the bottom of the troposphere to the temperature of the tropopause. The AVE process could remediate global warming by lifting heat above greenhouse gases so that the heat can be more easily radiated to space.
Shape-memory polymers with multiple transitions: complex actively moving polymers (2012)

Shape-memory polymers (SMPs) are able to perform shape transitions in a pre-defined pathway in response to suitable external stimuli such as heat, magnetism, electricity, moisture, or light. Most of the SMPs are dual-shape materials, which enable a single shape transition from a temporary to a permanent shape. Recently, triple-shape polymers (TSPs), which are capable of accomplishing two shape transitions, as well as multi-shape polymers with shape changes have been introduced including temperature-memory polymers (TMPs) with tunable multiple shape transitions. Different concepts for obtaining multi-shape polymers are introduced and the sophisticated structural design concepts in combination with tailored shape-memory creation processes (SMCPs) are explained. Future opportunities emerge in alternative actuation methods and exploration of potential applications.
ST7612AA1, a Thioacetate-ω(γ-lactam carboxamide) Derivative Selected from a Novel Generation of Oral HDAC Inhibitors (2014)

A systematic study of medicinal chemistry aimed at identifying a new generation of HDAC inhibitors, through the introduction of a thiol zinc-binding group (ZBG) and of an amide-lactam in the ω-position of the polyethylene chain of the vorinostat scaffold, allowed the selection of a new class of potent pan-HDAC inhibitors (pan-HDACis). Simple, highly versatile, and efficient synthetic approaches were used to synthesize a library of these new derivatives, which were then submitted to a screening for HDAC inhibition as well as to a preliminary in vitro assessment of their antiproliferative activity. Molecular docking into HDAC crystal structures suggested a binding mode for these thiol derivatives consistent with the stereoselectivity observed upon insertion of amide-lactam substituents in the ω-position. ST7612AA1 (117), selected as a drug candidate for further development, showed an in vitro activity in the nanomolar range associated with a remarkable in vivo antitumor activity, highly competitive with the most potent HDAC inhibitors, currently under clinical trials. A preliminary study of PK and metabolism is also illustrated.
Electrodeposition of brushite coatings and their transformation to hydroxyapatite in aqueous solutions (1999)

In this study we examine the potential for using brushite (dicalcium phosphate dihydrate) as a coating for orthopedic implants. It was found that brushite is transformed into a more stable calcium phosphate (hydroxyapatite), regardless of the aqueous transforming media utilized. The transformation was carried out at room temperature in deionized water, deionized water with added calcium ions, and modified Hank's type solution without calcium and magnesium ions, modified Hank's type solution with calcium and magnesium ions, and modified Hank's type solution with added calcium ions. In several of the transformation systems it was noted that brushite provided an increased amount of calcium ions to the transforming media through solubility. The process was monitored using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and dissolution studies. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy were also utilized for characterization. The brushite coatings can be easily achieved electrolytically on conducting substrates. The process is non line of sight, simple, and inexpensive; and when using an electrolyte that can sustain currents of ∼100 mA/cm2, the necessary coating can be completed in about 3 min. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 45, 302–310, 1999.
The Hydantoin Transport Protein from <i>Microbacterium liquefaciens</i> (2006)

The gene hyuP from Microbacterium liquefaciens AJ 3912 with an added His6 tag was cloned into the expression plasmid pTTQ18 in an Escherichia coli host strain. The transformed E. coli showed transport of radioisotope-labeled 5-substituted hydantoins with apparent K(m) values in the micromolar range. This activity exhibited a pH optimum of 6.6 and was inhibited by dinitrophenol, indicating the requirement of energy for the transport system. 5-Indolyl methyl hydantoin and 5-benzyl hydantoin were the preferred substrates, with selectivity for a hydrophobic substituent in position 5 of hydantoin and for the l isomer over the d isomer. Hydantoins with less hydrophobic substituents, cytosine, thiamine, uracil, allantoin, adenine, and guanine, were not effective ligands. The His-tagged hydantoin transport protein was located in the inner membrane fraction, from which it was solubilized and purified and its identity was authenticated.