gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functionalized Fullerene as an Artificial Vector for Transfection (2000)

Duplex DNA is bound by a “two-handed” fullerene (see picture) which allows it to be expressed in mammalian cells. The molecular design relies on the synergy of the hydrophobic fullerene core and the two spatially separated cationic residues. Upon complexation with the fullerene the plasmid (containing a green fluorescent protein reporter gene) is taken up by cultured cells through phagocytosis and expressed in up to 15 % of these cells.
The MIRACLE video search engine (2006)

This paper presents some of the searching and browsing features of the MIRACLE Video Search Engine. The rapid increase in the generation and dissemination of information and entertainment in video form has created a need for video search engines that facilitate finding and browsing relevant information. MIRACLE is an ongoing project at AT&T Labs aimed at addressing this need. This video search engine combines existing metadata with content-based information that is automatically extracted from the media components, or is obtained from other sources, to achieve this goal. A Web-based user interface provides browsing mechanisms that take advantage of the user’s perceptual abilities to refine the search results. The MIRACLE search engine currently operates on an archive of more than 32,000 hours of video that have been collected and automatically indexed over a ten year period.
Preoperative planning for implant placement with consideration of pelvic tilt in total hip arthroplasty: postoperative efficacy evaluation (2016)

We obtained favorable THA results with preoperative planning with consideration of pelvic tilt by demonstrating supine and standing CA to be unaffected by preoperative pelvic tilt one year postoperatively. Mean absolute error of CA between preoperative planning and postoperative measurement was 5° with use of the CT-based navigation.
Redox Regulation of Sirtuin-1 by <i>S</i> -Glutathiolation (2010)

Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) is an NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylase that is sensitive to oxidative signals. Our purpose was to determine whether SIRT1 activity is sensitive to the low molecular weight nitrosothiol, S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), which can transduce oxidative signals into physiological responses. SIRT1 formed mixed disulfides with GSNO-Sepharose, and mass spectrometry identified several cysteines that are modified by GSNO, including Cys-67 which was S-glutathiolated. GSNO had no effect on basal SIRT1 deacetylase activity, but inhibited stimulation of activity by resveratrol (RSV) with an IC(50) of 69 microM. These observations indicate that S-glutathiolation of SIRT1 by low concentrations of reactive glutathione can modulate its enzymatic activity.
Endotoxin biosynthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: enzymatic incorporation of laurate before 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate (1994)

Unlike Escherichia coli, living cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa can complete the fatty acylation of lipid A when the biosynthesis of 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate (Kdo) is inhibited (R. C. Goldman, C. C. Doran, S. K. Kadam, and J. O. Capobianco, J. Biol. Chem. 263:5217-5233, 1988). In this study, we demonstrate the presence of a novel enzyme in extracts of P. aeruginosa that can transfer lauroyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) to a tetraacyl disaccharide-1,4'-bis-phosphate precursor of lipid A (termed lipid IVA) that accumulates in Kdo-deficient mutants of E. coli. Comparable E. coli extracts cannot transfer laurate from lauroyl-ACP to lipid IVA, only to (Kdo)2-lipid IVA (K. A. Brozek, and C. R. H. Raetz, J. Biol. Chem. 265:15410-15417, 1990). P. aeruginosa extracts do not utilize myristoyl- or R-3-hydroxymyristoyl-ACP instead of lauroyl-ACP to acylate lipid IVA. Laurate incorporation in P. aeruginosa extracts is dependent upon time, protein concentration, and the presence of Triton X-100 but is inhibited by lauroyl-coenzyme A. P. aeruginosa extracts transfer only one laurate to lipid IVA, whereas E. coli extracts can transfer two laurates to (Kdo)2-lipid IVA. These results demonstrate that incorporation of laurate into lipid A does not require prior attachment of Kdo in all gram-negative bacteria.
Ghrelin receptor conformational dynamics regulate the transition from a preassembled to an active receptor:Gq complex (2015)

How G protein-coupled receptor conformational dynamics control G protein coupling to trigger signaling is a key but still open question. We addressed this question with a model system composed of the purified ghrelin receptor assembled into lipid discs. Combining receptor labeling through genetic incorporation of unnatural amino acids, lanthanide resonance energy transfer, and normal mode analyses, we directly demonstrate the occurrence of two distinct receptor:Gq assemblies with different geometries whose relative populations parallel the activation state of the receptor. The first of these assemblies is a preassembled complex with the receptor in its basal conformation. This complex is specific of Gq and is not observed with Gi. The second one is an active assembly in which the receptor in its active conformation triggers G protein activation. The active complex is present even in the absence of agonist, in a direct relationship with the high constitutive activity of the ghrelin receptor. These data provide direct evidence of a mechanism for ghrelin receptor-mediated Gq signaling in which transition of the receptor from an inactive to an active conformation is accompanied by a rearrangement of a preassembled receptor:G protein complex, ultimately leading to G protein activation and signaling.
Near-global climate simulation at 1 km resolution: establishing a performance baseline on 4888 GPUs with COSMO 5.0 (2018)

Abstract. The best hope for reducing long-standing global climate model biases is by increasing resolution to the kilometer scale. Here we present results from an ultrahigh-resolution non-hydrostatic climate model for a near-global setup running on the full Piz Daint supercomputer on 4888 GPUs (graphics processing units). The dynamical core of the model has been completely rewritten using a domain-specific language (DSL) for performance portability across different hardware architectures. Physical parameterizations and diagnostics have been ported using compiler directives. To our knowledge this represents the first complete atmospheric model being run entirely on accelerators on this scale. At a grid spacing of 930 m (1.9 km), we achieve a simulation throughput of 0.043 (0.23) simulated years per day and an energy consumption of 596 MWh per simulated year. Furthermore, we propose a new memory usage efficiency (MUE) metric that considers how efficiently the memory bandwidth – the dominant bottleneck of climate codes – is being used.
Transfection and expression of exogenous gene in laying hens oviduct in vitro and in vivo (2005)

To examine whether or not the regulatory sequence of chicken ovalbumin gene can drive transgene expression specifically in hen oviduct, the authors constructed an oviduct-specific expression vector (pOV), containing 3.0 kilobases (kb) of the 5'-flanking sequence and 3.0 kb of the 3'-flanking sequence of the chicken ovalbumin gene. Jellyfish green fluorescence protein (EGFP) reporter gene and bacterial LacZ reporter gene were respectively inserted into the downstream of the 5'-regulatory region. The recombinants were named as pOVEGFP and pOVLacZ. Two transfer systems, in vitro and in vivo, were used to verify the function of the vector. In vitro, the plasmid DNA pOVEGFP and pEGFP-N1 were transfected respectively by the polyethyleneimine procedure into the primary chicken oviduct epithelium (PCOE) and fibroblasts cells isolated from laying hens. In vivo, the recombinant vector pOVLacZ was injected into egg-laying hens via wing vein and the tissues were collected for RT-PCR analysis. The results showed that expression of pEGFP-N1 was achieved at low level in oviduct epithelial cells and at high level in fibroblasts, but that the recombinant vector was not expressed in both cells. RT-PCR analysis showed that the LacZ gene was transcribed in the oviduct, but not in the heart, liver, kidney and spleen of the injected hens. Accordingly, the beta-galactosidase activity was only detected in the oviduct magnum (116.7 mU/ml) and eggs (16.47 mU/ml). These results indicated that the cloned regulation regions of chicken ovalbumin gene could drive exogenous gene expression specifically in the oviducts of hens. In vivo gene injection via wing vein may serve as a rapid production system of recombinant proteins in chicken eggs. In addition, the cultured primary oviduct cells from laying hens were not efficient temporary expression systems for analyzing the function of regulating elements of ovalbumin gene.
Scalable Omnidirectional Video Coding for Real-Time Virtual Reality Applications (2018)

Virtual reality (VR) can provide users an immersive and realistic visual experience, which leads to the widely use of VR in many fields. However, transmission of the ultrahigh resolution omnidirectional video requires huge bandwidth, which brings great challenges for real-time VR application. In this paper, we propose a scalable omnidirectional video coding method to improve the coding efficiency with the help of the viewer's point of view (POV) and provide three-layer scalability as well. Based on the equirectangular projection (ERP), a down-sampling procedure of ERP video with corresponding super-resolution method is proposed to save bandwidth and provide spatial resolution scalability. With the super-resolution version of the reconstructed down-sampled video as the inter-view reference, the viewer's POV within sphere is mapped and encoded in high quality, while the non POV areas are compressed in low quality to further improve the coding efficiency and provide quality scalability. The correlation of the ERP and cube map projection is utilized in the POV mapping procedure. The proposed scalable coding method is achieved based on the multiview extension of high efficiency video coding, where only a few modifications are operated in the encoder side. Experiments results demonstrate that the proposed method can save approximately 75% average bit rate with no significant decrease in quality of the viewer's POV region compared with HEVC standard.
Petrochemical standards a comparison between IEEE 841-2001, API 541 and API 547 (2004)

Many motor users may be confused when it comes to calling out the appropriate standard or specification for their applications. Some standards are better suited to certain applications than others. By thoroughly understanding what each specification was developed for, the most appropriate standard can be chosen. This work discusses the IEEE 841-2001, API 541 4th edition, and API 547 standards, and provides guidance as to the applicability of each.
Genetic and Environmental Factors Influence the Pleomorphy of LRRK2 Parkinsonism (2021)

Missense mutations in the <i>LRRK2</i> gene were first identified as a pathogenic cause of Parkinson's disease (PD) in 2004. Soon thereafter, a founder mutation in <i>LRRK2</i>, p.G2019S (rs34637584), was described, and it is now estimated that there are approximately 100,000 people worldwide carrying this risk variant. While the clinical presentation of LRRK2 parkinsonism has been largely indistinguishable from sporadic PD, disease penetrance and age at onset can be quite variable. In addition, its neuropathological features span a wide range from nigrostriatal loss with Lewy body pathology, lack thereof, or atypical neuropathology, including a large proportion of cases with concomitant Alzheimer's pathology, hailing LRRK2 parkinsonism as the "Rosetta stone" of parkinsonian disorders, which provides clues to an understanding of the different neuropathological trajectories. These differences may result from interactions between the LRRK2 mutant protein and other proteins or environmental factors that modify LRRK2 function and, thereby, influence pathobiology. This review explores how potential genetic and biochemical modifiers of LRRK2 function may contribute to the onset and clinical presentation of LRRK2 parkinsonism. We review which genetic modifiers of LRRK2 influence clinical symptoms, age at onset, and penetrance, what LRRK2 mutations are associated with pleomorphic LRRK2 neuropathology, and which environmental modifiers can augment LRRK2 mutant pathophysiology. Understanding how <i>LRRK2</i> function is influenced and modulated by other interactors and environmental factors-either increasing toxicity or providing resilience-will inform targeted therapeutic development in the years to come. This will allow the development of disease-modifying therapies for PD- and <i>LRRK2</i>-related neurodegeneration.
Blocking effect and halftoning impulse suppression in an ED/OD BTC image with optimized texture-dependent filter sets (2011)

Block Truncation Coding (BTC) has been considered as a highly efficient compression technique for decades. However, the annoying false contour caused by a low bit rate configuration is a key problem. Two recently proposed halftoning-based BTC, namely the Error-Diffused BTC (EDBTC) and the Ordered-Dither BTC (ODBTC), can significantly reduce the above issue. However, some defects such as blocking effect and halftoning impulses are also accompanying with the reconstructed image. For this, this work organizes an optimization procedure to generate a number of texture-dependent filter sets to solve these problems. As demonstrated in the experimental results, the proposed strategy can significantly improve the image quality. This improvement makes the former halftoning-based BTC schemes as potential candidates for surveillance and computer vision applications.
Characterization of <i>cpsF</i> and its product CMP‐<i>N</i>‐acetylneuraminic acid synthetase, a group B streptococcal enzyme that can function in K1 capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1996)

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is the foremost cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis in the United States. A major virulence factor for GBS is its capsular polysaccharide, a high molecular weight polymer of branched oligosaccharide subunits. N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac or sialic acid), at the end of the polysaccharide side chains, is critical to the virulence function of the capsular polysaccharide. Neu5Ac must be activated by CMP-Neu5Ac synthetase before it is incorporated into the polymer. We showed previously that a transposon mutant of a serotype III GBS strain which had no detectable capsular Neu5Ac was deficient in CMP-Neu5Ac-synthetase activity (Wessels et al., 1992). In this paper, we report the identification and characterization of cpsF, a gene interrupted by transposon insertion in the previously described Neu5Ac-deficient mutant. The predicted amino acid sequence of the cpsF gene product shares 57% similarity and 37% identity with CMP-Neu5Ac synthase encoded by the Escherichia coli K1 gene, neuA. The enzymatic function of the protein encoded by cpsF was established by cloning the gene E. coli under the control of the T7 polymerase/promoter. Lysates of E. coli in which the cpsF gene product was expressed, catalysed the condensation of CTP with Neu5Ac to form CMP-Neu5Ac. In addition, when CMP-Neu5Ac synthetase-deficient mutant of E. coli K1 was transformed with cpsF, K1 antigen expression was restored. We concluded that cpsF encodes CMP-Neu5Ac synthetase in type III GBS, and that the GBS enzyme can function in the capsule-synthesis of a heterologous bacterial species.
Do We Need Replica Placement Algorithms in Content Delivery Networks (2002)

Numerous replica placement algorithms have been proposed in the literature for use in content delivery networks. However, little has been done to compare the various placement algorithms against each other and against caching. This paper debates whether we need replica placement algorithms in content delivery networks or not. The paper
An Adaptive Reconstruction System for Spatially Correlated Multispectral Multitemporal Images (2005)

An adaptive image reconstruction system has been developed to analyze sequential images observed at regular time intervals. A least-squares linear prediction with escalator structure has been implemented in this system. Using the predictor, estimates of missing data or bad (possibly cloud-covered) data and spatial parameters at a specified time can be obtained from previous history. This algorithm recovers from observations which are contaminated due to blurring and correlated noise by using temporally adapted spatial parameters. >
Comparative sensitivity of alternative single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) methods. (1994)

Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis is a genetic screening technique that allows for the rapid detection of single nucleotide substitutions in fragments of PCR-amplified genomic DNA or cDNA. Several alternative protocols are now being commonly used to resolve differences in electrophoretic mobility of single-stranded DNA fragments. The aim of this study was to directly compare the sensitivity of three popular SSCP methods using a panel of 19 known human mutations/polymorphisms present in genomic DNA samples. Using a single electrophoresis protocol, 95% of the mutations were detected using small-format PhastGel and the PhastSystem. Large-format gels (5% polyacrylamide and Hydrolink-MDE) were tested both with and without the addition of 10% glycerol. The sensitivity for polyacrylamide and Hydrolink-MDE gels without glycerol was 89% and 79%, respectively, and 68% or 63%, respectively, for glycerol-containing gels. However, all mutations were detected with either polyacrylamide or Hydrolink-MDE when both glycerol and non-glycerol gels were examined. We conclude that comparable very high detection efficiency can be achieved using the PhastSystem or by using a combination of two large-gel conditions with either polyacrylamide or Hydrolink-MDE.
Formation of two thermal degradation products of .beta.-carotene (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFormation of two thermal degradation products of .beta.-carotenePhilip N. Onyewu, Henryk Daun, and Chi Tang HoCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1982, 30, 6, 1147–1151Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00114a036https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00114a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views245Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The SWITCH test for discriminating quantum evolutions (2023)

Abstract We study different quantum circuits that can discriminate between two arbitrary quantum evolution operators. These circuits can be used to check whether two quantum operators are equal or not and to estimate a fidelity measure telling how close the operators are. This operator comparison is related to the SWAP test for discriminating two quantum states. In terms of their practical realization, we comment possible laboratory implementations with light along the same lines of recent experimental realizations of quantum superpositions of causal orders exploiting the different degrees of freedom of photons. We also discuss hardware efficient realizations for noisy intermediate scale quantum computers. Finally, we comment potential applications to the discrimination of quantum communication channels and to the search for simpler quantum circuits in quantum compilers.
High speed image processing via SLM/CCD devices (2002)

A generic optoelectronic computational element composed of a spatial light modulator (SLM) coupled to a charge-coupled device (CCD) detector array on a cell-by-cell basis is presented. Using a light source and a programmable transformation unit in a feedback arrangement, the structure exploits the parallelism inherent in optics to perform high-speed image processing. A few applications involving the implementation of high- and low-pass filtering and skeletonization algorithms are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Evolution of artificial defects during shape rolling (2007)

Very often defects are present in rolled products. For wire rods, defects are very deleterious since the wire rods are generally used directly in various applications. For this reason, the market nowadays requires wire rods to be completely defect-free. Any wire with defects must be rejected as scrap which is very costly for the production mill. Thus, it is very important to study the formation and evolution of defects during wire rod rolling in order to better understand and minimize the problem, at the same time improving quality of the wire rods and reducing production costs. The present work is focused on the evolution of artificial defects during rolling. Longitudinal surface defects are studied during shape rolling of an AISI M2 high speed steel and a longitudinal central inner defect is studied in an AISI 304L austenitic stainless steel during ultra-high-speed wire rod rolling. Experimental studies are carried out by rolling short rods prepared with arteficial defects. The evolution of the defects is characterised and compared to numerical analyses. The comparison shows that surface defects generally reduce quicker in the experiments than predicted by the simulations whereas a good agreement is generally obtained for the central defect.
Organic Photodetector Focal Plane Arrays Fabricated on Hemispherical Substrates by Three-Dimensional Stamping (2007)

We demonstrate a new approach to print organic photodetector arrays on 3D transparent plastic substrates. A 15x15 matrix with a feature size of 500 μm is fabricated, with dark current density is 3.1μA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> at -1V.
New fluphenazine analogue with antimutagenic and anti-multidrug resistance activity—degradation profile and stability-indicating method (2017)

Hydrochloride of 10-{2-hydroxy-3-[<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]propyl}-2-trifluoromethylphenothiazine (Flu-A) is a analogue of neuroleptic fluphenazine. Flu-A exhibits anti-multidrug resistance, antimutagenic, proapoptopic, and cancer-chemopreventive activities in screening studies. To define identity, quality, and purity of new active substance it is necessary to develop a appropriate analytical method and to establish a degradation profile. Thus, a stability-indicating reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for quantitative determination of Flu-A in the presence of its degradation products generated under stress conditions. The compound was subjected to oxidation, photolysis, and degradation in aqueous solutions (neutral and acidic), and solid state according to the International Council for Harmonisation Guidelines. The method was also found to be suitable for intermediate and accelerated studies and for the evaluation of kinetic mechanism of Flu-A degradation in aqueous solutions (pH 5.1-7.5, 353 K). The structures of main potential degradation products were established using high-performance liquid chromatography-Electrospray Ionization-mass spectrometry method.