gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PPE Antigen Rv2430c of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Induces a Strong B-Cell Response (2003)

The variation in sequence and length in the C-terminal region among members of the unique PE (Pro-Glu) and PPE (Pro-Pro-Glu) protein families of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a likely source of antigenic variation, giving rise to the speculation that these protein families could be immunologically important. Based on in silico analysis, we selected a hypothetical open reading frame (ORF) encoding a protein belonging to the PPE family and having epitopes with predictably higher antigenic indexes. Reverse transcriptase PCR using total RNA extracted from in vitro-cultured M. tuberculosis H37Rv generated an mRNA product corresponding to this gene, indicating the expression of this ORF (Rv2430c) at the mRNA level. Recombinant protein expressed in Escherichia coli was used to screen the sera of M. tuberculosis-infected patients, as well as those of clinically healthy controls (n = 10), by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The panel of patient sera comprised sera from fresh infection cases (category 1; n = 32), patients with relapsed tuberculosis (category 2; n = 30), and extrapulmonary cases (category 3; n = 30). Category 2 and 3 sera had strong antibody responses to the PPE antigen, equal to or higher than those to other well-known antigens, such as Hsp10 or purified protein derivative (PPD). However, a higher percentage of patients belonging to category 1, as opposed to clinically healthy controls, showed stronger antibody response against the PPE protein when probed with anti-immunoglobulin M (IgM) (71 versus 37.5%) or anti-IgG (62.5 versus 28.12%). Our results reveal that this PPE ORF induces a strong B-cell response compared to that generated by M. tuberculosis Hsp10 or PPD, pointing to the immunodominant nature of the protein.
An All-Silicon Passive Optical Diode (2011)

A passive optical diode effect would be useful for on-chip optical information processing but has been difficult to achieve. Using a method based on optical nonlinearity, we demonstrate a forward-backward transmission ratio of up to 28 decibels within telecommunication wavelengths. Our device, which uses two silicon rings 5 micrometers in radius, is passive yet maintains optical nonreciprocity for a broad range of input power levels, and it performs equally well even if the backward input power is higher than the forward input. The silicon optical diode is ultracompact and is compatible with current complementary metal-oxide semiconductor processing.
Purification and Biological Activity of Thymosin, a Hormone of the Thymus Gland (1972)

The purification and chemical properties of thymosin, obtained from bovine thymus tissue, are described. The biological activity of the thymic hormone has been assessed by a newly developed rosette assay, which permits measurement of thymus-dependent lymphoid cells. Thymosin activity is associated with a physico-chemically homogeneous protein of molecular weight 12,600. The hormonal activity is evident in in vitro incubation assay, after injection into adult thymectomized mice, and in prolonging survival of neonatally thymectomized mice and the reconstitution of their response to a skin allograft.
Development of a zero-emissions sulfur-recovery process. 2. Sulfur-recovery process based on the reactions of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide at high temperature (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDevelopment of a zero-emissions sulfur-recovery process. 2. Sulfur-recovery process based on the reactions of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide at high temperatureGavin P. Towler and Scott LynnCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1993, 32, 11, 2812–2819Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00023a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00023a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views210Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Conventional Liner Acoustic/Drag Interaction Benchmark Database (2017)

The aerodynamic drag of acoustic liners has become a significant topic in the design of such for aircraft noise applications. In order to evaluate the benefits of concepts designed to reduce liner drag, it is necessary to establish the baseline performance of liners employing the typical design features of conventional configurations. This paper details a set of experiments in the NASA Langley Grazing Flow Impedance Tube to quantify the relative drag of a number of perforate-over-honeycomb liner configurations at flow speeds of M=0.3 and 0.5. These conventional liners are investigated to determine their resistance factors using a static pressure drop approach. Comparison of the resistance factors gives a relative measurement of liner drag. For these same flow conditions, acoustic measurements are performed with tonal excitation from 400 to 3000 Hz at source sound pressure levels of 140 and 150 dB. Educed impedance and attenuation spectra are used to determine the interaction between acoustic performance and drag.
Monolithic Integration of a Semiconductor Optical Amplifier and a High-Speed Photodiode With Low Polarization Dependence Loss (2012)

We demonstrate the monolithic integration of a buried heterostructure semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and a deep ridge PIN photodiode for high-speed on-off keying links at 1.55 μm. The structure allows separate optimization of the SOA and the photodiode. The integrated receiver presents simultaneously a peak responsivity of 88 A/W with a low polarization dependence loss (<; 1 dB), a low noise figure (8.5 dB), and a wide 3-dB electrical bandwidth (≈ 50 GHz). This corresponds to a very large gain-bandwidth product of 3.5 THz. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a monolithically integrated SOA-PIN receiver has achieved such performances.
Discovery of a natural antagonist of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (2009)

Introduction Urokinase receptor (uPAR, CD87), a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein, is considered to play an important role in inflammation and fibrinolysis. The Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei is able to survive and replicate within leukocytes and causes melioidosis, an important cause of pneumonia-derived community-acquired sepsis in Southeast Asia. We here investigated the expression and function of uPAR both in patients with septic melioidosis and in a murine model of experimental melioidosis. Methods Using a translational approach we conducted a patient study in patients with culture-confirmed sepsis caused by B. pseudomallei, in vitro experiments using wild-type (WT) and uPAR knockout (KO) cells, and mouse studies using WT and uPAR KO mice inoculated with B. pseudomallei. Results uPAR mRNA and surface expression was increased in patients with septic melioidosis in/on both peripheral blood monocytes and granulocytes as well as in the pulmonary compartment during experimental pneumonia-derived melioidosis in mice. uPAR-deficient mice intranasally infected with B. pseudomallei showed an enhanced growth and dissemination of B. pseudomallei when compared with WT mice, corresponding with increased pulmonary and hepatic inflammation. uPAR KO mice demonstrated significantly reduced neutrophil migration towards the pulmonary compartment after inoculation with B. pseudomallei. Further in vitro experiments showed that uPARdeficient macrophages and granulocytes display a markedly impaired phagocytosis of B. pseudomallei. Additional studies showed that uPAR deficiency did not influence hemostatic and fibrinolytic responses during severe melioidosis. Conclusions These data suggest that uPAR is crucially involved in the host defense against sepsis caused by B. pseudomallei by facilitating the migration of neutrophils towards the primary site of infection and subsequently facilitating the phagocytosis of B. pseudomallei. P2 A comparison of acute lung inflammation in Klebsiella pneumoniae B5055-induced pneumonia and sepsis in BALB/c mice
Oxidative Dehydrogenation of n-Butane Over Magnesium Vanadate Nano-Catalysts Supported on Magnesia–Zirconia: Effect of Vanadium Content (2013)

Magnesia-zirconia (MgO-ZrO2) support was prepared by a sol-gel method, and magnesium vanadate nano-catalysts supported on magnesia-zirconia (X-Mg3(VO4)2/MgO-ZrO2) were then prepared by a wet impregnation method with a variation of vanadium content (X = 6.6, 9.9, 12.8, 15.2, and 19.1 wt%). X-Mg3(VO4)2/MgO-ZrO2 nano-catalysts were applied to the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butane to n-butene and 1,3-butadiene. The formation of X-Mg3(VO4)2/MgO-ZrO2 nano-catalysts was well confirmed by XRD, XPS, and ICP-AES analyses. 15.2-Mg3(VO4)2/MgO-ZrO2 and 19.1-Mg3(VO4)2/MgO-ZrO2 catalysts experienced a catalyst deactivation, while the other Mg3(VO4)2/MgO-ZrO2 catalysts showed a stable catalytic performance during the whole reaction time. The effect of oxygen property of X-Mg3(VO4)2/MgO-ZrO2 nano-catalysts on the catalytic performance in the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butane was investigated. Experimental results revealed that oxygen capacity of the catalyst was closely related to the catalytic performance, while oxygen mobility of the catalyst played an important role in the catalyst stability. Among the catalysts tested, 12.8-Mg3(VO4)2/MgO-ZrO2 catalyst showed the best catalytic performance in terms of yield for TDP (total dehydrogenation products).
A novel high-Q optical microwave processor using hybrid delay-line filters (1999)

A new hybrid active-passive photonic signal processor, which achieves high-Q microwave bandpass filtering, is presented. It overcomes the problem of achieving very high-Q values, while still operating the active stage with a large gain margin. This enables a significant increase in Q to be obtained, higher filter frequencies, and robust operation. The general synthesis procedure for the hybrid filter is described. The filter response demonstrates very high-resolution microwave signal filtering with a measured Q of 801.
Novel Bisphosphonates for Calcium-Related Disorders (1996)

Abstract Reactions of the zirconium complexes 2 with hexachloroethane lead to the tetraphosphacubanes 4 whereas extrusion of the Cp2Zr units by means of (Ph3P)2NiCl2 gives rise to the tetraphosphacyclooctadienes 7. Polycyclic phosphorus-carbon systems such as 11 or 14 and 13 are accessible from multi-step reactions of the phosphaalkyne 5 (R = t-Bu) with dienes 9 or tropone (10), respectively. The complex 16 obtained from the spirocyclotrimerization of the phosphaalkyne 5 (R = t-Bu) with aluminum trichloride provides the starting point for the construction of the bis(homo)prismane 19 and the hexaphosphapentaprismane 20. Furthermore, the phosphorus-carbon-aluminum cage compounds 12, 23, and 24 have been prepared from the phosphaalkynes 5 and the triorganoaluminum reagents 22.
Sensor-Based Assessment of the In-Situ Quality of Human Computer Interaction in the Cars (2016)

Human attention is a finite resource. When interrupted while performing a task, this resource is split between two interactive tasks. People have to decide whether the benefits from the interruptive interaction will be enough to offset the loss of attention from the ongoing task. The issue of dealing with self-interruptions and external interruptions is particularly critical in driving situations. In general, interruptions result in a time lag before users resume their primary task, increase mental workload, and thus decrease primary task performance. Therefore, being able to identify when a driver is interruptible is critical for building systems that can mediate these interruptions. In order to identify situations in which drivers enter either low or high cognitive load states during naturalistic driving (i.e., opportune moments for driver interruption – e.g., more interruptible states vs. less interruptible states), the authors have examined a broad range of sensor data streams to understand real-time driver/driving states (e.g., motion capture, peripheral interaction monitoring, psycho-physiological responses, etc.), and presented a model-based driver/driving assessment by using machine learning technology.
A study of idiopathic torsion dystonia in a non‐Jewish family (1994)

A gene (DYT1) for idiopathic torsion dystonia (ITD) was mapped to chromosome 9q34 in non-Jewish and Jewish families; the dystonia in these families usually began in childhood, with the limb muscles affected first. The role of the DYT1 gene in adult-onset and cervical- or cranial-onset ITD is unknown. We examined 53 individuals from four generations of a non-Jewish North American family with adult-onset ITD. There were seven affected family members, with a mean age at onset of 28.4 years (range, 7 to 50 years). In six of the seven, the neck was affected first. All seven developed cervical dystonia, and dysarthria or dysphonia occurred in five. Linkage data excluded the region containing the DYT1 locus, indicating that DYT1 was not responsible for ITD in this family. This study provides evidence that a gene other than DYT1 is responsible for some cases of adult cervical-onset dystonia.
Effectiveness of Gene Expression Profiling for Response Prediction of Rectal Adenocarcinomas to Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy (2005)

Our results suggest that pretherapeutic gene expression profiling may assist in response prediction of rectal adenocarcinomas to preoperative chemoradiotherapy. The implementation of gene expression profiles for treatment stratification and clinical management of cancer patients requires validation in large, independent studies, which are now warranted.
Area-efficient high speed decoding schemes for turbo/MAP decoders (2002)

Turbo decoders inherently have a large latency and low throughput due to iterative decoding. To increase the throughput and reduce the latency, high speed decoding schemes have to be employed. In this paper, following a discussion on basic parallel decoding architectures, two types of area-efficient parallel decoding schemes are proposed. Detailed comparison on storage requirement, number of computation units and the overall decoding latency is provided for various decoding schemes with different levels of parallelism. Hybrid parallel decoding schemes are proposed as an attractive solution for very high level parallelism implementations. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed area-efficient parallel decoding schemes introduce no performance degradation in general. The application of the pipeline-interleaving technique to parallel turbo decoding architectures is also presented.
A fully data parallel WFST-based large vocabulary continuous speech recognition on a graphics processing unit (2009)

Tremendous compute throughput is becoming available in personal desktop and laptop systems through the use of graphics processing units (GPUs). However, exploiting this resource requires re-architecting an application to fit a data parallel programming model. The complex graph traversal routines in the inference process for large vocabulary continuous speech recognition (LVCSR) have been considered by many as unsuitable for extensive parallelization. We explore and demonstrate a fully data parallel implementation of a speech inference engine on NVIDIA’s GTX280 GPU. Our implementation consists of two phases compute-intensive observation probability computation phase and communication-intensive graph traversal phase. We take advantage of dynamic elimination of redundant computation in the compute-intensive phase while maintaining close-to-peak execution efficiency. We also demonstrate the importance of exploring application-level trade-offs in the communication-intensive graph traversal phase to adapt the algorithm to data parallel execution on GPUs. On 3.1 hours of speech data set, we achieve more than 11× speedup compared to a highly optimized sequential implementation on Intel Core i7 without sacrificing accuracy.
Aperture size reduction using sub-beam design concepts for multiple spot beam satellites (2002)

This paper describes a method to generate a large number of spot beams for multiple-beam satellite systems using smaller apertures. This is achieved by dividing the basic spot beam which has an edge gain relative to the beam peak of 3 to -4 dB, into a number of smaller sub-beams that have lower peak gain but same edge gain as the basic spot beam. This has the effect of reducing the required peak gain for the antenna, and reducing its size. The frequency band allocated to each basic beam is divided among its constituent sub-beams. Therefore, the frequency re-use among the basic beams can be maintained. The increased number of beams in the coverage introduces some complexity in the frequency allocations, which have to be coordinated among all beams. This concept is especially applicable to phased arrays using digital beam formers (DBF). The DBF complexity is a function of the number of array elements, and is less dependent on the number of beams. Reducing the array size, and consequently reducing the number of elements helps to reduce the complexity, power and mass of the DBF.
Characterization of monitor for laser welding. (2002)

This patent-pending robust on-line weld process monitor developed by Argonne National Laboratory is capable of non-intrusively sensing weld surface changes, weld penetration, occurrence of weld spatter, direction of motion of workpiece relative to cover gas flow, and presence of surface impurities like oil on the workpiece. The development of the weld monitor took into account the constraints and operating environment of the factory floor in addition to monitoring needs for quality assurance. The non-intrusive weld monitor is rugged and simple to use, does not require power to operate, is weld spatter protected and low cost. This process monitor is available as a stand-alone monitor with laser pointing suitable as an inexpensive addition to an existing processing system. For constrained configurations, the monitor can be easily integrated into an existing optic module resulting in through-the-optic viewing. The stand-alone monitor's flexibility is suitable for test and evaluation or research and development applications where flexibility in pointing or change in optics is required. A photograph of the monitor is shown in Figure 1. The reproducibility of the monitor's signal output will depend on the accuracy and repeatability in aiming. Laser aiming that comes with the monitor offers the best overall accuracy and ease. Costs can be reduced further with conventional gunsights with loss in accuracy and ease. The reproducibility of the monitor's output will depend on the field of view, the aiming method and the capability to manually aim and lock in position. In practice, even with laser aiming, the accuracy will be compromised by the mechanical system used to allow for aiming adjustments. 10 to 20% changes may be result from using a flexible connector. Improved reproducibility can be obtained at the expense of time taken to aim accurately. The integrated version of the monitor is recommended for process operations. This integrated monitor is available as an option on Spawr Industries reflective optics for high power laser beams or as a modification to the user's beam delivery optics. The advantage of the integrated design is that the monitor is pre-aimed and does not suffer from bumping and space constraints. Excellent reproducibility of the data can then be obtained. Both versions of the monitor are supplied with a BNC connector for detecting the voltage output of the sensor. The standard sensor is optimized for the monitoring of ferrous or steel alloys and other metals that have similar properties. Sensitivity to changes in penetration of < 0.05 mm can be expected. Monitoring of aluminum alloys will require a different sensor that is available as an option. A gas connection is also supplied for the clean gas purge to maintain the cleanliness of the window of the sensor. The gas (air or nitrogen) supplied should be oil and particle free to prevent fogging of the detector window.
Core catcher for nuclear reactor core meltdown containment. [BWR; PWR] (1978)

A bed of graphite particles is placed beneath a nuclear reactor core outside the pressure vessel but within the containment building to catch the core debris in the event of failure of the emergency core cooling system. Spray cooling of the debris and graphite particles together with draining and flooding of coolant fluid of the graphite bed is provided to prevent debris slump-through to the bottom of the bed.
Major improvements of the photorefractive and photovoltaic properties in potassium niobate (2006)

Optical and electrical measurements have been made on a new codoped potassium niobate crystal (KNbO3:Fe,Ag) that yields a significant enhancement of the photorefractive and photovoltaic effects when compared with the published results for singly doped potassium niobate crystals. The codoped Ag impurity enters the K site, rather than the typical Nb site, thus changing the local field in the lattice. It is believed that Fe perturbed by the Ag in the K site is responsible for an enhancement of the linear absorption and photocurrent, as well as a probable increase in the effective trap density. An enhanced trap density is likely the cause of the increased photorefractive counterpropagating two-beam coupling efficiency.
Bioactive Rosette Nanotubes for Bone Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery (2013)

This chapter describes novel bio-inspired nanotubular architectures called rosette nanotubes (RNTs), which are self-assembled in water from a guanine–cytosine (the G⋀C motif) hybrid molecule. In the first part of the chapter, the design, synthesis and chemical functionalization of RNTs with amino acid residues, peptides and other organic and inorganic moieties are highlighted. Their stability and physical properties are next examined, followed by in vivo and in vitro toxicity and biocompatibility studies. Finally, RNT applications in bone tissue engineering and in drug delivery are described. In the case of the former, this includes RNTs as 2D coatings on Ti implant materials, as well as their incorporation within currently used pHEMA hydrogels for enhanced bone cell adhesion and growth.