gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radiation response of amorphous silicon imaging arrays at diagnostic energies (1994)

The first diagnostic X-ray signal measurements for two-dimensional amorphous silicon imaging arrays are presented. Data were acquired for a variety of phosphor screens, for energies ranging from 70 to 120 kVp, both in the presence and in the absence of a phantom simulating the attenuation of a human chest. Results are reported in terms of pixel charge per unit exposure at the array. Also, linearity of pixel response with exposure as a function of sensor bias, pixel response as a function of sensor bias, and the first data quantifying the degree of reciprocity of the pixel response are reported. Significant results include: (a) pixel response remained linear to within 1% for /spl sim/70% of the signal range at 0.5 volts and /spl sim/95% at 3.0 volts; (b) from a partial response at 0 volts, pixel response is observed to increase rapidly up to /spl sim/1 volt after which more gradual increases in response are observed; and (c) for exposure rates varying by a factor of /spl sim/5, pixel response was approximately consistent with reciprocal behavior although evidence of limited (/spl sim/6%) reciprocity failure is suggested.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Link Between Infection and Atherosclerosis: Who Are The Culprits: Viruses, Bacteria, Both, or Neither? (2001)

Who Are The Culprits: Viruses, Bacteria, Both, or Neither?
Catalytic Functionalization of C(sp<sup>2</sup>)H and C(sp<sup>3</sup>)H Bonds by Using Bidentate Directing Groups (2013)

C-H bonds are ubiquitous in organic compounds. It would, therefore, appear that direct functionalization of substrates by activation of C-H bonds would eliminate the multiple steps and limitations associated with the preparation of functionalized starting materials. Regioselectivity is an important issue because organic molecules can contain a wide variety of C-H bonds. The use of a directing group can largely overcome the issue of regiocontrol by allowing the catalyst to come into proximity with the targeted C-H bonds. A wide variety of functional groups have been evaluated for use as directing groups in the transformation of C-H bonds. In 2005, Daugulis reported the arylation of unactivated C(sp(3))-H bonds by using 8-aminoquinoline and picolinamide as bidentate directing groups, with Pd(OAc)2 as the catalyst. Encouraged by these promising results, a number of transformations of C-H bonds have since been developed by using systems based on bidentate directing groups. In this Review, recent advances in this area are discussed.
Simulation Technique for Available Bandwidth Estimation (2010)

This paper proposes a method for measuring the available bandwidth, based on testing network packets of various sizes (variable packet size method, VPS). The range of applicability of the model has been found, it is based on the accuracy of the measurements of packet delays. We have also derived a formula for the upper limit of the bandwidth. Computer simulations have been performed and the relationship between the measurement error of the available bandwidth and the number of measurements has been found. Experimental verification with the use of the RIPE test box measuring system has shown that this method has advantages over existing measurement techniques. The Path load utility has been chosen as an alternative technique of measurement, and to ensure that reliable result statistics have been withdrawn by the SNMP agent directly from the router.
Exosomes Released from M.tuberculosis Infected Cells Can Suppress IFN-γ Mediated Activation of Naïve Macrophages (2011)

Our study suggests that exosomes, as carriers of M.tb pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), may provide a mechanism by which M.tb may exert its suppression of a host immune response beyond the infected cell.
Tetragonal Lattice Distortion and Tensile Stress in GaAs Layers Grown on Si Substrates by MOCVD (1987)

The lattice distortion and stress in GaAs layers grown on Si substrates by MOCVD have been studied. The lattice is tetragonally distorted under tensile stress at room temperature, contrary to the compressive stress expected from the fact that the lattice parameter of GaAs is greater than that of Si. The degree of lattice distortion and tensile stress is quantitatively explained by the purely elastic distortion due to the difference between the thermal expansion coefficients of GaAs and Si. This result demonstrates that the GaAs layer is stress-free at the higher growth temperature of the MOCVD two-step growth method and therefore thick GaAs layers can be grown on Si.
Snapshot Spectral Imaging Technologies for On-Site Inspection. (2015)

Abstract not provided.
Purification and characterization of Mycoplasma penetrans Ca2+/Mg2+-dependent endonuclease (1997)

The major nuclease from Mycoplasma penetrans has been purified to homogeneity. The enzyme seems to be present as a membrane-associated precursor of 50 kDa and as a peripheral membrane monomeric polypeptide of 40 kDa that is easily removed by washing of cells with isotonic buffers and in the aqueous phase upon Triton partitioning of Triton X-114-solubilized protein. The 40-kDa nuclease was extracted from M. penetrans cells by Triton X-114 and phase fractionation and was further purified by chromatography on Superdex 75 and chelating Sepharose (Zn2+ form) columns. By gel filtration, the apparent molecular mass was 40 kDa. The purified enzyme exhibits both a nicking activity on superhelical and linear double-stranded DNA and a nuclease activity on RNA and single-stranded DNA. No exonuclease activity was found for this enzyme. This nuclease required both Mg2+ (optimum, 5 mM) and Ca2+ (optimum, 2 mM) for activity and exhibited a pH optimum between pH 7 and 8 for DNase activity. It was inhibited by Zn2+, Mn2+, heparin, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and chelator agents such EDTA and EGTA, but no effect was observed with ATP, 2-mercaptoethanol, N-ethylmaleimide, dithiothreitol, nonionic detergents, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, and iodoacetamide. Nuclease activity was inhibited by diethylpyrocarbonate at both pH 6 and 8 and by pepstatin, suggesting the involvement of a histidine and an aspartate in the active site. When added to human lymphoblast nuclei, the purified M. penetrans endonuclease induced internucleosomal fragmentation of the chomatin into oligonucleosomal fragments. On the basis of this result, and taking into account the fact that M. penetrans has the capacity to invade eucaryotic cells, one can suggest, but not assert, that produced Ca2+/Mg2+-dependent endonuclease may alter the nucleic acid metabolism of host cells by DNA and/or RNA degradation and may act as a potential pathogenic determinant.
Ultrastable Quantum Dot Composite Films under Severe Environments (2018)

Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have attracted extensive attention because of their remarkable optical and electrical characteristics. However, the practical application of QDs and further the QD composite films have greatly been hindered mainly owing to their essential drawbacks of extreme unstability under oxygen and water environments. Herein, one simple method has been employed to enhance enormously the stability of Cd <sub>x</sub>Zn<sub>1- x</sub>Se <sub>y</sub>S<sub>1- y</sub> QD composite films by a combination of Cd <sub>x</sub>Zn<sub>1- x</sub>Se <sub>y</sub>S<sub>1- y</sub> QDs and poly(vinylidene) fluoride (PVDF), which is characteristic of closely arranged molecular chains and strong hydrogen bonds. There are many particular advantages in using QD/PVDF composite films such as easy processing, low cost, large-area fabrication, and especially extreme stability even in the boiling water for more than 240 min. By employing K<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub>:Mn<sup>4+</sup> as a red phosphor, a prototype white light-emitting diode (WLED) with color coordinates of (0.3307, 0.3387), T<sub>c</sub> of 5568 K, and color gamut 112.1NTSC(1931)% at 20 mA has been fabricated, and there is little variation under different excitation currents, indicating that the QD/PVDF composite films fabricated by this simple blade-coating process make them ideal candidates for liquid-crystal display backlight utilization via assembling a WLED on a large scale owing to its ultrahigh stability under severe environments.
SDH/SONET Multi-rate SFP Module with Gain Selectable Transimpedance Amplifier and Extinction Ratio Control Circuit (2007)

We report a SDH/SONET multi-rate SFP module with a gain selectable transimpedance amplifier (TIA) and a dual-loop APC based on top and bottom level hold. With compliance to SDH (STM-1/4/16) and SONET (OC-3/12/48) specifications even without an additional cost requirement, multi-bit rate operation with higher received sensitivity, fully dual-loop APC operation up to 3 Gbit/s and dynamically rate selecting operation are firstly demonstrated.
Crystal Structures and Mechanical Properties of Ca2C at High Pressure (2016)

Recently, a new high-pressure semiconductor phase of Ca₂C (space group <i>Pnma</i>) was successfully synthesized, it has a low-pressure metallic phase (space group <i>C</i>2/<i>m</i>). In this paper, a systematic investigation of the pressure-induced phase transition of Ca₂C is studied on the basis of first-principles calculations. The calculated enthalpy reveals that the phase transition which transforms from <i>C</i>2/<i>m</i>-Ca₂C to <i>Pnma</i>-Ca₂C occurs at 7.8 GPa, and it is a first-order phase transition with a volume drop of 26.7%. The calculated elastic constants show that <i>C</i>2/<i>m</i>-Ca₂C is mechanically unstable above 6.4 GPa, indicating that the structural phase transition is due to mechanical instability. Both of the two phases exhibit the elastic anisotropy. The semiconductivity of <i>Pnma</i>-Ca₂C and the metallicity of <i>C</i>2/<i>m</i>-Ca₂C have been demonstrated by the electronic band structure calculations. The quasi-direct band gap of <i>Pnma</i>-Ca₂C at 0 GPa is 0.86 eV. Furthermore, the detailed analysis of the total and partial density of states is performed to show the specific contribution to the Fermi level.
Phosphonic acid functionalized polyethylene glycol and derivatives (2008)

Abstract This article describes the functionalization of polyethylene glycol, mono or bifunctional, and a nonionic surfactant by phosphonic acids without the need for protection of the functional group. The functionalization is performed in two steps, first an esterification by thioglycolic acid, secondly a radical addition of vinyl phosphonic acid on the thiol group. All products were obtained quantitatively and characterized by 1 H‐, 13 C‐, 31 P‐NMR spectroscopy techniques, MALDI, and step‐by‐step chemical titrations. Enhanced thermal properties were found while phosphonylating polyethylene glycol, particularly when the sulfur atom was oxidized into a sulfone group. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Motor restlessness, sleep disturbances, thermal sensory alterations and elevated serum iron levels in Btbd9 mutant mice (2012)

Restless legs syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, is a sensory-motor neurological disorder with a circadian component. RLS is characterized by uncomfortable sensations in the extremities, generally at night or during sleep, which often leads to an uncontrollable urge to move them for relief. Recently, genomic studies identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms in BTBD9, along with three other genes, as being associated with a higher risk of RLS. Little is known about the function of BTBD9 or its potential role in the pathophysiology of RLS. We therefore examined a line of Btbd9 mutant mice we recently generated for phenotypes similar to symptoms found in RLS patients. We observed that the Btbd9 mutant mice had motor restlessness, sensory alterations likely limited to the rest phase, and decreased sleep and increased wake times during the rest phase. Additionally, the Btbd9 mutant mice had altered serum iron levels and monoamine neurotransmitter systems. Furthermore, the sensory alterations in the Btbd9 mutant mice were relieved using ropinirole, a dopaminergic agonist widely used for RLS treatment. These results, taken together, suggest that the Btbd9 mutant mice model several characteristics similar to RLS and would therefore be the first genotypic mouse model of RLS. Furthermore, our data provide further evidence that BTBD9 is involved in RLS, and future studies of the Btbd9 mutant mice will help shine light on its role in the pathophysiology of RLS. Finally, our data argue for the utility of Btbd9 mutant mice to discover and screen novel therapeutics for RLS.
Vehicle to grid technology: A review (2015)

At present, vehicle to grid (V2G) technology has been received widely attention since a large amount of electric vehicles entering into the market gradually. The electric vehicle (EV) as a specific electricity load, can be used as a mobile storage device to participate load adjusting in the power grid and to provide platform for the renewable energy sources coordination. The management strategies for V2G and the involved key issues are analyzed in details, such as battery weary, bidirectional charger and charging stations via the centralized control, autonomous control and battery management strategies. Besides, the economic benefits from both the power grid & EV owners and research development directions are discussed in the paper.
Data representations for mobile devices (2007)

Data sharing and synchronisation involving mobile devices has been a significant challenge to research. The methods for tracking changes and conflicts often require the involvement of a server or desktop PC with the available storage or processing power to do so, reducing the flexibility and potential of mobile device applications. This paper presents storage mechanisms for storing data on a mobile device which allow data to be related and connected and yet easily synchronised within logical structures. This data can then be synchronised with other hosts with ease. This research bases data on serialisation to allow more logical linking of PIM data among mobile data applications.
Sycophant: An API for Research in Context-Aware User Interfaces (2007)

Research in context-aware user interfaces aims to improve human-computer interaction by providing more effective, smarter and user-friendlier solutions for computer applications. Currently, software available for performing such research and developing context-aware interfaces is very limited both in scope and possibilities of extension. Sycophant was designed with two objectives in mind: first, to allow easy insertion of new features and capabilities needed for conducting research and, second, to provide a reusable, readily available programming resource for developing new context-aware interactive software applications. Available as open source software, Sycophant's API and the calendaring application we created using it are presented in this paper in terms of functional capabilities, high level architecture, detailed design, and results of use. Procedural steps for developing new context-aware user interfaces using our API are also described in the paper.
Automatic Orthographic Road Image Generation Using in Vehicle Sensors for ADAS (2017)

This paper proposes a technique to generate orthographic road images and lane-level road maps suitable for advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) using in-vehicle low-cost sensors, i.e., a single-frequency GPS, speed sensor, yaw rate gyroscope, and rear-view camera. This research also aims to generate accurate digital maps from vehicle driving data using the probe technique. This proposal should help to reduce the production costs of accurate digital maps that include road markings and road networks. The key feature of this method is the integration of probe data based on accurate trajectories and heading angles to generate digital maps. Comparisons between commercial orthographic road images and our proposals show that the proposed method automatically generates an orthographic image with a similar precision to that of the survey level method of commercial ones.
Mechanical and chemical unfolding of a single protein: A comparison (1999)

Is the mechanical unraveling of protein domains by atomic force microscopy (AFM) just a technological feat or a true measurement of their unfolding? By engineering a protein made of tandem repeats of identical Ig modules, we were able to get explicit AFM data on the unfolding rate of a single protein domain that can be accurately extrapolated to zero force. We compare this with chemical unfolding rates for untethered modules extrapolated to 0 M denaturant. The unfolding rates obtained by the two methods are the same. Furthermore, the transition state for unfolding appears at the same position on the folding pathway when assessed by either method. These results indicate that mechanical unfolding of a single protein by AFM does indeed reflect the same event that is observed in traditional unfolding experiments. The way is now open for the extensive use of AFM to measure folding reactions at the single-molecule level. Single-molecule AFM recordings have the added advantage that they define the reaction coordinate and expose rare unfolding events that cannot be observed in the absence of chemical denaturants.
Computational complexity and accuracy issues in fast least squares algorithms for adaptive filtering (2003)

Three representative algorithms from the family of fast least-squares algorithms are reviewed. They correspond to the transversal FIR (finite-impulse-response) filter, the lattice-ladder structure, and the rotation approach. They lead to three different levels of computational complexity and robustness to roundoff errors. Each of them also has special implementation aspects and provides a particular set of signal parameters. It is concluded that from a user point of view the choice for a given application will depend on what is considered as the most crucial property, i.e. computational complexity or numerical stability, operation accuracy, or signal parameters. Whether the implementation is carried out in software or hardware may also affect the decision.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Carburetter Foaming and Its Influence on the Hot Weather Performance of Motor Vehicles (1982)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A reappraisal of the hot fuel handling problems originating in the carburetter has been made. Experiments have been made using carburetters with transparent sections that enabled the behaviour of the fuel in the float bowl to be filmed during various modes of engine operation. Under certain well-defined conditions of temperature, fuel pressure at the carburetter inlet and fuel composition, the occurrence of engine malfunctions coincided with the presence of gross amounts of fuel foam in the carburetter bowl. This interfered with the normal operation of the system and led to the expulsion of a large quantity of fuel through the carburetter vent and, because the vent was blocked by the foam, caused an overpressure to develop in the bowl. These events created an excessive enrichment of the mixture aspirated by the engine and caused severe driveability problems, which were very similar to those associated with the fuel starvation caused by vapour lock.</div>
Thermodynamic and kinetic studies of lanthanide complexes of 1,4,7,10,13-pentaazacyclopentadecane-N,N',N'',N''',N''''-pentaacetic acid and 1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaazacyclooctadecane-N,N',N'',N''',N'''',N'''''-hexaacetic acid (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermodynamic and kinetic studies of lanthanide complexes of 1,4,7,10,13-pentaazacyclopentadecane-N,N',N'',N''',N''''-pentaacetic acid and 1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaazacyclooctadecane-N,N',N'',N''',N'''',N'''''-hexaacetic acidMutsuo Kodama, Tohru Koike, Anung Budhi Mahatma, and Eiichi KimuraCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 6, 1270–1273Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00006a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00006a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views458Altmetric-Citations104LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hydrogen-Based Nitrate and Selenate Bioreductions in Flue-Gas Desulfurization Brine (2010)

The H2-based membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) was shown to simultaneously reduce nitrate and selenate in flue-gas desulfurization (FGD) brines (15–33 g/L TDS). The MBfR also used polyester fibers, which differ from the composite gas-transfer fibers used in previous MBfR studies. Selenate reduction was nearly 100% in all media tested and was immediate, which suggests that selenate was coreduced with nitrate, possibly by the same microorganisms. A step increase in the nitrate removal flux was observed at a H2 pressure greater than 20 psig (138 kPa) using polyester fibers. High concentrations of nitrate and sulfate had no inhibitory effect on selenate reduction as long as H2 was available. In comparison with previous MBfR experiments treating ion-exchange brine, total electron equivalent fluxes were 29% lower and in contrast to earlier work on selenate reduction in fresh water, sulfate reduction was inhibited, likely due to the high total dissolved solids in the FGD brine or insufficient H2 availability due to CaCO3 or Se° precipitation onto the tighter polyester fibers.
<i>Bacteroides vulgatus</i> and <i>Bacteroides dorei</i> Reduce Gut Microbial Lipopolysaccharide Production and Inhibit Atherosclerosis (2018)

URL: https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000018051 . Unique identifier: UMIN000015703.
Meagre funding hits recruitment (1998)

I keep reading about thenursing recruitment crisis. 1see many experiencedhealthcare workers, predominantly female and intheir 20s, who would like totrain but are put off by themeagre funding, especiallythose who are renting flats orsingle parents who cannotafford to train.
Unlimited glycochip (2008)

糖鎖チップ技術を使ってみたいという研究者がまず尋ねてくるのは「いくらかかるか分からない投資の見返りに，一体何が得られるのか？」ということである。我々は端的にこう答える。どのようなアプリケーションが可能かというと可能性は無限大であるが，初期投資額は取り組む課題やその課題の範囲によるところが大きい。糖鎖アレイのやり方は今なお開発の初期段階であり，自在に変えることができるので，研究者は実際に課題を解決するために労力と費用の上で最適な技術を選択できる。言い換えれば糖鎖アレイの設計は複数の異なるアプローチで現在開発中であり，最も進んでいる有名な 「printed glycan array (PGA）」の他にも，いくつかのタイプの糖鎖アレイが開発されている。この総説では，糖鎖チップのデザインにおいてどのような技術的な解決法が過去に取られ，もしくは取られつつあるのか，糖鎖の固定化にはどのような化学的方法が最も適しているのか，糖鎖ライブラリーをどこから得るのかという点について述べたい。さらに糖鎖チップの使用例を示し，この傑出した装置の無限の研究の可能性と最新の具体的応用例を説明したい。
Characterizations of Long-term Oxycodone/Acetaminophen Prescriptions in Veteran Patients (2004)

In veteran patients who received long-term oxycodone/acetaminophen prescriptions, mean daily doses were typically modest and stable, likely reflecting a selection of patients with successful, long-term management. Among patients without cancer, however, associations of higher oxycodone/acetaminophen doses with benzodiazepine prescriptions, psychogenic pain, alcohol abuse, and HIV/AIDS may portend opioid prescription management problems.