gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 1.7mW 0.22mm<sup>2</sup> 2.4GHz ZigBee RX exploiting a current-reuse blixer + hybrid filter topology in 65nm CMOS (2013)

Nanoscale CMOS offers sufficiently high f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> and low V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> favoring the design of ultra-low-power wireless receivers (RX) via stacking the RF-to-BB functions in one cell, while sharing the smallest possible bias current. Also, the signals can be conveyed in the current domain to enhance the area efficiency (i.e., no AC-coupling capacitor), RF bandwidth and linearity at those inner nodes. The 2.4GHz LMV cell [1] for ZigBee RX is an example that unifies one LNA, two mixers (I/Q) and one VCO. The power is low (2.4mW), but the NF, gain and S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> are sensitive to its external high-Q inductor that performs narrowband input match and passive gain boost. Although one VCO (i.e., one inductor) can save area and power, the I/Q generator has to be placed in the RF path. Realized as a g <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> -C network, it suffers from a 3dB gain loss deteriorating the RX NF (12dB), while rendering the I/Q accuracy more susceptible to process variation.
Biodegradable elastomers in drug delivery (2008)

Biodegradable elastomers have an established role in controlled release and an expanding role in combination scaffolds providing controlled release and mechanical stimulation capability for tissue regeneration/engineering.
Taxonomy of Hand-Object Haptics for Virtual Reality (2022)

<p>Manipulation of hand-held objects in Virtual Reality (VR) requires input tracking with high freedom of movement, as well as haptic feedback of hand-object interactions. Through our prototypes we demonstrate a pragmatic approach to haptic feedback on controllers that render human scale forces. Our devices manifest haptic simulation of compliance, texture, surface normals, sizes, weights, and kinematic forces. These are brought to bear on hand-object interaction primitives such as palpation, manipulation, grasping, squeezing, cutaneous touch, stable grip, dexterity, and precision manipulation, which are collected as a taxonomy and represent a layer between the inherent haptic properties of the objects and the hand interaction of the operator. We implement prototypes that simulate the functional affordances of each of these aspects, and characterize their performance in human perception studies. Our work offers a model of hand-object interactions that goes beyond force rendering on a finger-by-finger basis (as typical of hand exoskeletons and gloves). </p>
Reduction of volatile organic compound emission. II. Use of alkoxy‐modified silsesquioxane for compounding silica‐filled rubbers (2009)

Abstract A class of alkoxy‐modified silsesquioxane (AMS) containing less than 5 wt % of latent alcohol that can be used for compounding silica‐filled rubbers is described. The AMS derived from octyl‐triethoxysilane (OTES) behaves as a good shielding agent in silica‐filled rubber to significantly reduce the compound Mooney viscosity and filler flocculation. The co ‐AMS prepared from OTES and 3‐mercaptopropyl‐trimethoxysilane yielded an effective shielding and coupling agent for reinforcing the silica‐filled vulcanizates. The alcohols released as volatile organic compounds (VOC) are quantified during compounding and processing along with the compound properties of silica‐filled vulcanizates containing various silicon compounds such as bis ‐(triethoxysilyl propyl) disulfide (TESPD), a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS), OTES, AMS, or co ‐AMS. Dynamic mechanical properties such as dependences of hysteresis on temperature (HTD) and storage modulus on strain (MSD) are discussed. Stronger HTD and weaker MSD were found in stocks containing co ‐AMS or a combination of AMS and a coupling agent when compared with that with TESPD. Stronger HTD and weaker MSD may benefit a tire compound with lower rolling resistance, more stable handling performance, as well as better wet traction. More importantly, the VOC released during the manufacture of rubber articles are significantly reduced in stocks containing AMS (or co ‐AMS) when compared with those with a silane. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Study on a phoswich detector consisting of Li-composed crystal scintillator and BGO for neutron measurement (2009)

For high-sensitivity neutron measurement, we developed a phoswich detector consisting of LiYF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> (Ce 1%) and BGO crystals. Light outputs of LiYF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> excited from ¿-ray (simulating neutron excitation) have the faster decay-time constant ¿~50 ns, compared with that from the shielding BGO crystal (¿~300 ns), and these waveforms output from a preamplifier are clearly distinguished each other. When the waveforms with the faster rise-time were selected, the spectrum was obtained with only the peak of 5.49 MeV ¿-ray from <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">241</sup> Am detected at the neutron-sensitive LiYF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> scintillator.
Spiral scanning with anisotropic field of view (1998)

Spiral scanning has been used to achieve much shorter scan times than conventional techniques for a wide range of applications. The major drawback with spiral scans is blurring from off-resonant spins, which is proportional to the readout time. Blurring limits maximal spatial resolution and minimal scan time potentially achievable with spiral scanning. Anisotropic field of view is used in conventional scanning to improve image quality by matching k-space trajectory to object characteristics. Anisotropic field of view improves spatial resolution in spiral scanning without increasing scan time or blurring. The resolution improvement results from increased maximal k-space radius allowed by the lower field of view. A field of view reduction by a factor of 2 in one direction provides up to 60% resolution improvement in that direction. Reduced SNR also results from non-uniform k-space sampling.
Reproducing color images as duotones (1996)

Article Reproducing color images as duotones Share on Authors: Joanna L. Power Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Box 352350, Seattle, WA Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Box 352350, Seattle, WAView Profile , Brad S. West University of Washington University of WashingtonView Profile , Eric J. Stollnitz University of Washington University of WashingtonView Profile , David H. Salesin University of Washington University of WashingtonView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGGRAPH '96: Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniquesAugust 1996 Pages 237–248https://doi.org/10.1145/237170.237261Online:01 August 1996Publication History 17citation626DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations17Total Downloads626Last 12 Months6Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Adaptive Multiscale Finite-Volume Framework for Reservoir Simulation (2007)

Summary A multiscale finite-volume (MSFV) framework for reservoir simulation is described. This adaptive MSFV formulation is locally conservative and yields accurate results of both flow and transport in large-scale highly heterogeneous reservoir models. IMPES and sequential implicit formulations are described. The algorithms are sensitive to the specific characteristics of flow (i.e., pressure and total velocity) and transport (i.e., saturation). To compute the fine-scale flow field, two sets of basis functions - dual and primal - are constructed. The dual basis functions, which are associated with the dual coarse grid, are used to calculate the coarse scale transmissi-bilities. The fine-scale pressure field is computed from the coarse grid pressure via superposition of the dual basis functions. Having a locally conservative fine scale velocity field is essential for accurate solution of the saturation equations (i.e., transport). The primal basis functions, which are associated with the primal coarse grid, are constructed for that purpose. The dual basis functions serve as boundary conditions to the primal basis functions. To resolve the fine scale flow field in and around wells, a special well basis function is devised. As with the other basis functions, we ensure that the support for the well basis is local. Our MSFV framework is designed for adaptive computation of both flow and transport in the course of a simulation run. Adaptive computation of the flow field is based on the time change of the total mobility field, which triggers the selective updating of basis functions. The key to achieving scalable (efficient for large problems) adaptive computation of flow and transport is the use of high fidelity basis functions with local support. We demonstrate the robustness and computational efficiency of the MSFV simulator using a variety of large heterogeneous reservoir models, including the SPE 10 comparative solution problem.
Demonstration of 3D vertical RRAM with ultra low-leakage, high-selectivity and self-compliance memory cells (2015)

Developing high performance self-selective cell (SSC) is one of the most critical issues of the integration of 3D vertical RRAM (V-RRAM). In this work, a four-layer V-RRAM array, with high performance HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /mixed ionic and electronic conductor (MIEC) bilayer SSC, was demonstrated for the first time. Several salient features were achieved, including ultra-low half-select leakage (<;0.1 pA), very high nonlinearity (>10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ), low operation current (nA level), self-compliance, high endurance (>10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> ), and robust read/write disturbance immunity.
The Use of Ammonium Carbamate as a High Specific Thermal Energy Density Material for the Thermal Management of Low Grade Heat (2011)

The specific energy storage capacities of phase change materials (PCMs) increase with temperature, leading to a lack of thermal management (TM) systems capable of handling high heat fluxes in the temperature range from 20-100°C. State of the art PCMs in this temperature range are usually paraffin waxes with energy densities on the order of a few hundred kJ/kg or ice slurries with energy densities of the same magnitude. However, for applications where system weight and size are limited, it is necessary to improve this energy density by at least an order of magnitude. The compound ammonium carbamate, [NH4][H2NCOO], is a solid formed from the reaction of ammonia and carbon dioxide, which endothermically decomposes back to CO2 and NH3 in the temperature range 20-100°C with an enthalpy of decomposition of 2010 kJ/kg. Various methods to use this material for TM of low-grade, high-flux heat have been evaluated including: bare powder, thermally conductive carbon foams, thermally conductive metal foams, hydrocarbon based slurries, and a slurrysolution in ethylene glycol or propylene glycol. A slurry in glycol is a promising system medium for enhancing heat and mass transfer for TM. Small-scale system level characterizations of AC in glycol have been performed and results indicate that AC is indeed a promising material for TM of low-grade heat.
A new stereoselective total synthesis of prostaglandin E1 and its optical antipodes (1972)

H. L. Slates, Z. S. Zelawski, D. Taub and N. L. Wendler, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1972, 304 DOI: 10.1039/C39720000304
Acoustic echo cancellation for stereophonic teleconferencing (1993)

In long-distance telephony, echoes arise due to impedance mismatches at various points in the telephone circuit. Adaptive line echo cancelers have been used successfully for over a decade to combat this problem. Echoes also arise in teleconferencing, due to acoustic coupling between microphone and loudspeaker in each conference room. This problem is similar to the line echo problem; however, the echo paths are much longer and much more variable in this case. In this paper a further complication that arises if stereophonic transmission is used for teleconferencing is discussed: There is an inherent nonuniqueness in estimating the echo paths. It appears that the only way to resolve this nonuniqueness is by somehow decorrelating the signals in the two stereo channels. Several methods of decorrelation are discussed and how they affect adaptive echo canceller performance as well as stereophonic perception is shown.
Identifying and characterizing the most significant β-glucosidase of the novel species <i>Aspergillus saccharolyticus</i> (2012)

The newly discovered fungal species Aspergillus saccharolyticus was found to produce a culture broth rich in β-glucosidase activity. In this present work, the main β-glucosidase of A. saccharolyticus responsible for the efficient hydrolytic activity was identified, isolated, and characterized. Ion exchange chromatography was used to fractionate the culture broth, yielding fractions with high β-glucosidase activity and only 1 visible band on an SDS-PAGE gel. Mass spectrometry analysis of this band gave peptide matches to β-glucosidases from aspergilli. Through a polymerase chain reaction approach using degenerate primers and genome walking, a 2919 bp sequence encoding the 860 amino acid BGL1 polypeptide was determined. BGL1 of A. saccharolyticus has 91% and 82% identity with BGL1 from Aspergillus aculeatus and BGL1 from Aspergillus niger , respectively, both belonging to Glycoside Hydrolase family 3. Homology modeling studies suggested β-glucosidase activity with preserved retaining mechanism and a wider catalytic pocket compared with other β-glucosidases. The bgl1 gene was heterologously expressed in Trichoderma reesei QM6a, purified, and characterized by enzyme kinetics studies. The enzyme can hydrolyze cellobiose, p-nitrophenyl-β-d-glucoside, and cellodextrins. The enzyme showed good thermostability, was stable at 50 °C, and at 60 °C it had a half-life of approximately 6 h.
Quantum Generative Training Using Rényi Divergences (2021)

Quantum neural networks (QNNs) are a framework for creating quantum algorithms that promises to combine the speedups of quantum computation with the widespread successes of machine learning. A major challenge in QNN development is a concentration of measure phenomenon known as a barren plateau that leads to exponentially small gradients for a range of QNNs models. In this work, we examine the assumptions that give rise to barren plateaus and show that an unbounded loss function can circumvent the existing no-go results. We propose a training algorithm that minimizes the maximal Rényi divergence of order two and present techniques for gradient computation. We compute the closed form of the gradients for Unitary QNNs and Quantum Boltzmann Machines and provide sufficient conditions for the absence of barren plateaus in these models. We demonstrate our approach in two use cases: thermal state learning and Hamiltonian learning. In our numerical experiments, we observed rapid convergence of our training loss function and frequently archived a $99\%$ average fidelity in fewer than $100$ epochs.
A Dual-Metal-Trench Schottky Pinch-Rectifier in 4H SiC (1998)

Characteristics of high-voltage dual-metal-trench (DMT) SiC Schottky pinch-rectifiers are reported for the first time. At a reverse bias of 300 V, the reverse leakage current of the SiC DMT device is 75 times less than that of a planar device while the forward bias characteristics remain comparable to those of a planar device. In this work, 4H-SiC pinch-rectifiers have been fabricated using a small/large barrier height (Ti/Ni) DMT device structure. The DMT structure is specially designed to permit simple fabrication in SiC. The Ti Schottky contact metal serves as a self-aligned trench etch mask and only four basic fabrication steps are required.
Hydro-pneumatic Singulation of Gel-Encapsulated Propagules (1989)

Aseeder using air and water flows to singulate and meter uncoated gel-encapsulated propagules is described. The hydro-pneumatic seeder will meter uncoated gel capsules (4.5 mm dia.) with acceptable misses, 1.4%, and multiples, 6.0%. Vacuum changes in the range of 5.9 to 7.3 kPa do not affect the operational effectiveness of the seeder. Over the normal range of field operating speeds, 1.44 to 5.76 km h~^ the number of multiples decreases slightly as speed increases and the capsules left in the seed hopper increases slightly.
A General Chemical Route to Polyaniline Nanofibers (2003)

Uniform polyaniline nanofibers readily form using interfacial polymerization without the need for templates or functional dopants. The average diameter of the nanofibers can be tuned from 30 nm using hydrochloric acid to 120 nm using perchloric acid as observed via both scanning and transmission electron microscopy. When camphorsulfonic acid is employed, 50 nm average diameter fibers form. The measured Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of the nanofibers increases as the average diameter decreases. Further characterization including molecular weight, optical spectroscopy, and electrical conductivity are presented. Interfacial polymerization is shown to be readily scalable to produce bulk quantities of nanofibers.
Supercapacitor Electrodes Produced through Evaporative Consolidation of Graphene Oxide-Water-Ionic Liquid Gels (2013)

We use colloidal gels of graphene oxide in a water-ethanol-ionic liquid solution to assemble graphene-ionic liquid laminated structures for use as electrodes in electrochemical double layer capacitors. Our process involves evaporation of water and ethanol yielding a graphene oxide/ionic liquid composite, followed by thermal reduction of the graphene oxide to electrically conducting functionalized graphene. This yields an electrode in which the ionic liquid serves not only as the working electrolyte but also as a spacer to separate the graphene sheets and to increase their electrolyte-accessible surface area. Using this approach, we achieve an outstanding energy density of 17.5 Wh/kg at a gravimetric capacitance of 156 F/g and 3 V operating voltage, due to a high effective density of the active electrode material of 0.46 g/cm2. By increasing the ionic liquid content and the degree of thermal reduction, we obtain electrodes that retain >90% of their capacitance at a scan rate of 500 mV/s, illustrating that we can tailor the electrodes toward higher power density if energy density is not the primary goal. The elimination of the electrolyte infiltration step from manufacturing makes this bottom-up assembly approach scalable and well-suited for combinations of potentially any graphene material with ionic liquid electrolytes.
A hybrid actuated microrobot using an electromagnetic field and flagellated bacteria for tumor‐targeting therapy (2015)

In this paper, we propose a new concept for a hybrid actuated microrobot for tumor-targeting therapy. For drug delivery in tumor therapy, various electromagnetic actuated microrobot systems have been studied. In addition, bacteria-based microrobot (so-called bacteriobot), which use tumor targeting and the therapeutic function of the bacteria, has also been proposed for solid tumor therapy. Compared with bacteriobot, electromagnetic actuated microrobot has larger driving force and locomotive controllability due to their position recognition and magnetic field control. However, because electromagnetic actuated microrobot does not have self-tumor targeting, they need to be controlled by an external magnetic field. In contrast, the bacteriobot uses tumor targeting and the bacteria's own motility, and can exhibit self-targeting performance at solid tumors. However, because the propulsion forces of the bacteria are too small, it is very difficult for bacteriobot to track a tumor in a vessel with a large bloodstream. Therefore, we propose a hybrid actuated microrobot combined with electromagnetic actuation in large blood vessels with a macro range and bacterial actuation in small vessels with a micro range. In addition, the proposed microrobot consists of biodegradable and biocompatible microbeads in which the drugs and magnetic particles can be encapsulated; the bacteria can be attached to the surface of the microbeads and propel the microrobot. We carried out macro-manipulation of the hybrid actuated microrobot along a desired path through electromagnetic field control and the micro-manipulation of the hybrid actuated microrobot toward a chemical attractant through the chemotaxis of the bacteria. For the validation of the hybrid actuation of the microrobot, we fabricated a hydrogel microfluidic channel that can generate a chemical gradient. Finally, we evaluated the motility performance of the hybrid actuated microrobot in the hydrogel microfluidic channel. We expect that the hybrid actuated microrobot will be utilized for tumor targeting and therapy in future.
Order selection in passive transmission line macromodels based on the Lie decomposition (2004)

In a passive macromodel for lossy, dispersive multiconductor transmission lines (MTL's) has been proposed. The macromodel uses a multiplicative approximation of the matrix exponential known as the Lie product. The circuit implementation of the macromodel is a cascade of elementary cells, each cell being the combination of a pure delay element and a lumped circuit representing the transmission line losses. Compared with passive rational macromodeling, the Lie product macromodel is capable of efficiently simulating long, low-loss MTL's while preserving passivity. In this paper, we build on the results of and use transmission line theory to derive a new time-domain error criterion for the Lie product macromodel. We also show how this criterion can be used to determine the minimum number of cells needed in the macromodel to guarantee that the magnitude of the time-domain error is below a given engineering tolerance.
I am a sensor, and I approve this message (2010)

Despite the popularity of adding sensors to mobile devices, the readings provided by these sensors cannot be trusted. Users can fabricate sensor readings with relatively little effort. This lack of trust discourages the emergence of applications where users have an incentive to lie about their sensor readings, such as falsifying a location or altering a photo taken by the camera.