gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kinectic Studies of Helicobacter pylori Urease Inhibition by a Novel Proton Pump Inhibitor, Rabeprazole. (1996)

Urease is an important virulence factor of pathogenicity of gastric Helicobacter pylori. The inhibition of H. pylori urease by the novel proton pump inhibitor, rabeprazole, was investigated kinetically. It was found to act as an irreversible noncompetitive inhibitor of the enzyme. The inhibitory potency of rabeprazole was dependent on the pH of reaction mixture and its Ki values were 0.14 microM (pH 5.0), 0.34 microM (pH 7.0) and 6.10 microM (pH 8.5). Progressive inactivation of urease by rabeprazole initially proceeded according to pseudo-first-order kinetics with respect to the remaining enzymatic activity at pH 7.0 and 37 degrees C, with a second-order rate constant of 0.0017 microM-1 s-1. When the inactivation half-life was plotted versus the reciprocal of the rabeprazole concentration, a straight line was obtained with a slope of -3.12. From an Arrhenius-plot of the temperature-dependence of the inactivation (over the range of 5-37 degrees C), an activation energy of 13.2 kcal/mol was calculated. Recovery of activity was incomplete for H. pylori urease inhibited by rabeprazole, suggesting that the rabeprazole-urease complex is very stable.
ATN Addressing and Communication Link Handoff Based on Location Information (2015)

Mobile IPv6 can be used to deal with the move of communication nodes and network topology change of Aeronautical Telecommunication Network. HMIPv6 and FMIPv6 can improve communication quality, but the effect is limited. Through adding aircraft latitude and longitude information in addressing process, this paper presents an IPv6 addressing scheme of ATN/IPS network. When the base station receives a packet sent by aircraft, it can predict the flight path by extracting aircraft position information. Then this base station can inform the next communication base station to establish connection with mobile node in advance. Performance analysis shows that this scheme can effectively reduce the handoff delay.
Clinical outcomes of cataract surgery after bag-in-the-lens intraocular lens implantation following ISO standard 11979-7:2006 (2011)

The BIL IOL met the ISO criteria; that is, primary PCCC was safe in healthy eyes and in eyes with ocular comorbidities and no eye developed PCO over a mean follow-up of 26.1 ± 21.3 months.
Helical and Single-Slice Conventional CT Versus Electron Beam CT for the Quantification of Coronary Artery Calcification (2000)

ECG-triggered single-slice conventional CT had the best agreement with electron beam CT calcium scores.
Enhancing Discovery with Liveness (2004)

Discovery protocols like SSDP, SLP, Rendezvous and Jini allow fast detection of devices. They are typically less suitable for fast detection of disappearing devices. This paper describes the design of a liveness protocol that quickly detects that devices have left the network. Mechanisms that improve important properties like reliability and efficiency over wireless, scalability and high-dynamics are highlighted. The performance of the liveness protocol is analyzed: it has significantly less message overhead than alternative solutions.
Influence of Alkali-Soluble Associative Emulsion Polymer Architecture on Rheology (1996)

We examined the influence of the following synthesis parameters on the aqueous-solution rheology of alkali-soluble associative emulsion polymers in steady simple shear, oscillatory shear, and extensional shear: macromonomer structure (hydrophobe size and structure, double-bond structure, and moles of ethoxylation between hydrophobe and double bond), carboxylic acid monomer concentration, polymer glass transition temperature, and water solubility of the monomers in the polymer backbone. Polymers made with large-molar-volume hydrophobes of complex structure show enhanced thickening power, low shear viscosity, shear-thinning viscosity, and viscoelasticity (i.e., properties are less dependent on shear strain) compared to polymers made with smaller hydrophobes. Optimal values exist for concentrations of carboxylic acid and macromonomer as well as for water solubility and glass transition temperature of the polymer. Consistent with rheological data, static light-scattering data show that polymers containing complex hydrophobes aggregate, even in a mixed solvent chosen to enhance molecular dispersion, and have a much larger apparent molecular weight in solution than do polymers that do not contain associative macromonomer.
Eliminating class noise in large datasets (2003)

This paper presents a new approach for identifying and eliminating mislabeled instances in large or distributed datasets. We first partition a dataset into subsets, each of which is small enough to be processed by an induction algorithm at one time. We construct good rules from each subset, and use the good rules to evaluate the whole dataset. For a given instance Ik, two error count variables are used to count the number of times it has been identified as noise by all subsets. The instance with higher error values will have a higher probability of being a mislabeled example. Two threshold schemes, majority and non-objection, are used to identify the noise. Experimental results and comparative studies from real-world datasets are reported to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach. 1.
Adaptive data partition for sorting using probability distribution (2004)

Many computing problems benefit from dynamic partition of data into smaller chunks with better parallelism and locality. However, it is difficult to partition all types of inputs with the same high efficiency. This paper presents a new partition method in sorting scenario based on probability distribution, an idea first studied by Janus and Lamagna in early 1980's on a mainframe computer. The new technique makes three improvements. The first is a rigorous sampling technique that ensures accurate estimate of the probability distribution. The second is an efficient implementation on modern, cache-based machines. The last is the use of probability distribution in parallel sorting. Experiments show 10-30% improvement in partition balance and 20-70% reduction in partition overhead, compared to two commonly used techniques. The new method reduces the parallel sorting time by 33-50% and outperforms the previous fastest sequential sorting technique by up to 30%.
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for Fanconi anaemia (1998)

Fanconi anaemia is a hereditary disorder characterised by chromosomal breaks increased by cross-linking agents. Bone marrow transplantation is the treatment of choice when a HLA identical sibling donor has been identified. The use of low-dose cyclophosphamide with thoraco-abdominal irradiation for the conditioning regimen of FA patients has lead to a dramatic improvement of survival, with a long-term survival of 75% at our institution. However, if most patients are completely cured of their haematological disease, there is concern about an-increased frequency of secondary tumours, mostly head and neck squamous cell carcinomas of poor prognosis. Results of BMT using alternative donors (HLA mismatched related and unrelated donors) have also.improved during the last decade. A better selection of the donor via high-resolution techniques for class-II HLA matching, and more recently the use of T cell depleted grafts are probably the main explanations. Despite a short follow-up and the small number of patients analysed, transplants using HLA matched family cord blood give some promising results. On the other hand, first results with unrelated cord blood remind that this approach is clearly an experimental one that has to be evaluated through international registries and prospective studies. New approaches including autologous stem cell transplantations and gene therapy are currently explored.
Real-Time Barcode Detection and Classification using Deep Learning (2017)

Barcodes, in their different forms, can be found on almost any packages available in the market. Detecting and then decoding of barcodes have therefore great applications. We describe how to adapt the state-of-the- art deep learning-based detector of You Only Look Once (YOLO) for the purpose of detecting barcodes in a fast and reliable way. The detector is capable of detecting both 1D and QR barcodes. The detector achieves state-of-the-art results on the benchmark dataset of Muenster BarcodeDB with a detection rate of 0.991. The developed system can also find the rotation of both the 1D and QR barcodes, which gives the opportunity of rotating the detection accordingly which is shown to benefit the decoding process in a positive way. Both the detection and the rotation prediction shows real-time performance.
OPTICAL PHYSICS:Mirror on the Wall: You're Omnidirectional After All? (1998)

Article MetricsDownloadsCitationsNo data available.01234JulAugSepOctNovDec820Total6 Months12 MonthsTotal number of downloads for the most recent 6 whole calendar months.
A Tightly Coupled Positioning Solution for Land Vehicles in Urban Canyons (2017)

The integration between Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and on-board sensors is widely used for vehicle positioning. However, as the main information source in the integration, the positioning performance of single- or multiconstellation GNSSs is severely degraded in urban canyons due to the effects of Non-Line-Of-Sight (NLOS) and multipath propagations. How to mitigate such effects is vital to achieve accurate positioning performance in urban canyons. This paper proposes a tightly coupled positioning solution for land vehicles, fusing dual-constellation GNSSs with other low-cost complementary sensors. First, the nonlinear filter model is established based on a cost-effective reduced inertial sensor system with 3D navigation solution. Then, an adaptive fuzzy unscented Kalman filter (AF-UKF) algorithm is developed to achieve the global fusion. In the implementation of AF-UKF, the fuzzy calibration logic (FCL) is designed and introduced to adaptively adjust the dependence on each received satellite measurement to effectively mitigate the NLOS and multipath interferences in urban areas. Finally, the proposed solution is evaluated through experiments. The results validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed solution.
Stability and Effects of Subsurface Oxygen in Oxide-Derived Cu Catalyst for CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction (2017)

Oxide-derived copper (OD-Cu) catalysts are promising candidates for the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) due to the enhanced selectivity toward ethylene over methane evolution, which has been linked to the presence of subsurface oxygen (Osb). In this work, Osb is investigated with theoretical methods. Although Osb is unstable in slab models, it becomes stabilized within a “manually” reduced OD-Cu nanocube model which was calculated by self-consistent charge density functional tight binding (SCC-DFTB). The results obtained with SCC-DFTB for the full nanocube were confirmed with subcluster models extracted from the nanocube, calculated with both density functional theory (DFT) and SCC-DFTB. The higher stability of Osb in the nanocube is attributed to the disordered structure and greater flexibility. The adsorption strength of CO on Cu(100) is enhanced by Osb withdrawing electron density from the Cu atom, resulting in reduction of the σ-repulsion. Hence, the coverage of CO may be increased, facilitating its dimerization.
Effect of enzyme inhibitors on protein quaternary structure determined by on-line size exclusion chromatography-microelectrospray ionization mass spectrometry (2001)

Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDH) are a family of enzymes primarily involved in the oxidation of various aldehydes. Most ALDH enzymes derived from mammalian sources have been shown to exist as homotetramers, consisting of four identical subunits of approximately 54 kDa. The presence of the homotetramer appears to be necessary for enzyme activity. In this study, recombinant rat liver mitochondrial ALDH (rmALDH) was inhibited in vitro with four different inhibitors, namely, disulfiram (MW, 296.5), prunetin (MW, 284.3), benomyl (MW, 290.3), and N-tosyl-L-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone (TPCK) (MW, 351.8). Subsequently, inhibited rmALDH was analyzed by a novel approach of on-line size exclusion chromatography-microelectrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (SEC-muESI-MS) to examine the noncovalent quaternary structural stability of the inhibited enzyme. Analysis of native rmALDH by SEC-muESI-MS revealed predominantly the homotetramer (Mr = approximately 217,457 Da, +/- 0.01%) with some in-source, skimmer-induced dissociation to afford monomer (Mr = approximately 54,360 Da, +/- 0.01%). Both disulfiram and prunetin inhibited rmALDH by >70% and >90%, respectively, but did not disrupt the quaternary structure of rmALDH. Furthermore, there was no detectable change within experimental error (+/- 0.01%) of the disulfiram or the prunetin homotetramers (Mr = approximately 217,448 Da and Mr = approximately 217,446 Da). This may possibly indicate that inhibition occurred via formation of intramolecular disulfide bond at the enzyme active site, or weak affinity noncovalent binding. In contrast, benomyl-inhibited rmALDH homotetramer (>90% inhibition) exhibited a Mr = approximately 217,650 Da (+/- 0.01%) corresponding to two butylcarbamoyl adducts on two of the four enzyme subunits. The skimmer-induced monomer afforded a mixture of unmodified rmALDH (Mr = approximately 54,365 Da, +/- 0.01%) and butylcarbamoylated enzyme (Mr = approximately 54,459 Da, +/- 0.01%). Finally, TPCK (>90% inhibition) modified all four subunits of rmALDH to give Mr = approximately 218,646 Da (+/- 0.01%). In all four cases while significant enzyme inhibition occurred, no destabilization of the quaternary complex was detected.
Nonoliguric Acute Renal Failure (1977)

To delineate the clinical spectrum of nonoliguric renal failure, we studied prospectively 92 patients with acute renal failure, 54 of whom were nonoliguric throughout their periods of azotemia. Although the causes of nonoliguric renal failure varied, nephrotoxic failure occurred more frequently in nonoliguric than in oliguric subjects (P<0.01). As compared to oliguric patients, those without oliguria had significantly lower urinary sodium concentrations (P<0.05) and fractional excretions of sodium (P<0.02), had a shorter hospital stay (P<0.01), had fewer septic episodes, neurologic abnormalities, gastrointestinal bleeding and acidemia, required dialysis less frequently (P<0.001) and had a lower mortality rate (26 per cent in nonoliguric vs. 50 per cent in oliguric patients — P<0.05). Nonoliguric renal failure occurs more often than is generally recognized and causes less morbidity and mortality than oliguric acute renal failure. (N Engl J Med 296:1134–1138, 1977
Detection of Quantitative Trait Loci in Outbred Populations With Incomplete Marker Data (1999)

Augmentation of marker genotypes for ungenotyped individuals is implemented in a Bayesian approach via the use of Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques. Marker data on relatives and phenotypes are combined to compute conditional posterior probabilities for marker genotypes of ungenotyped individuals. The presented procedure allows the analysis of complex pedigrees with ungenotyped individuals to detect segregating quantitative trait loci (QTL). Allelic effects at the QTL were assumed to follow a normal distribution with a covariance matrix based on known QTL position and identity by descent probabilities derived from flanking markers. The Bayesian approach estimates variance due to the single QTL, together with polygenic and residual variance. The method was empirically tested through analyzing simulated data from a complex granddaughter design. Ungenotyped dams were related to one or more sons or grandsires in the design. Heterozygosity of the marker loci and size of QTL were varied. Simulation results indicated a significant increase in power when ungenotyped dams were included in the analysis.
Template Syntheses of Iron(II) Complexes Containing Chiral P−N−N−P and P−N−N Ligands (2008)

A multicomponent template reaction utilizing an air-stable phosphonium precursor leads initially to the first enantiopure bis-tridentate iron complexes mer-[Fe(P-N-N) 2] (2+) in high yield and then to new tetradentate iron complexes trans-[Fe(MeCN) 2(P-N-N-P)] (2+).
CULLIDE: Interactive Collision Detection Between Complex Models in Large Environments using Graphics Hardware (2003)

We present a novel approach for fast collision detection between multiple deformable and breakable objects in a large environment using graphics hardware. Our algorithm takes into account low bandwidth to and from the graphics cards and computes a potentially colliding set (PCS) using visibility queries. It involves no precomputation and proceeds in multiple stages: PCS computation at an object level and PCS computation at sub-object level, followed by exact collision detection. We use a linear time two-pass rendering algorithm to compute each PCS efficiently. The overall approach makes no assumption about the input primitives or the object's motion and is directly applicable to all triangulated models. It has been implemented on a PC with NVIDIA GeForce FX 5800 Ultra graphics card and applied to different environments composed of a high number of moving objects with tens of thousands of triangles. It is able to compute all the overlapping primitives between different objects up to image-space resolution in a few milliseconds.
A Model-Based Validation Scheme for Organ Segmentation in CT Scan Volumes (2011)

In this study, we propose a novel approach for accurate 3-D organ segmentation in the CT scan volumes. Instead of using the organ's prior information directly in the segmentation process, here we utilize the knowledge of the organ to validate a large number of potential segmentation outcomes that are generated by a generic segmentation process. For this, an organ space is generated based on the principal component analysis approach using which the fidelity of each segment to the organ is measured. We detail applications of the proposed method for the 3-D segmentation of human kidney and liver in computed tomography scan volumes. For evaluation, the public database of the MICCAI's 2007 grand challenge workshop has been incorporated. Implementation results show an average Dice similarity measure of 0.90 for the segmentation of the kidney. For the liver segmentation, the proposed algorithm achieves an average volume overlap error of 8.7 % and an average surface distance of 1.51 mm.
CRISPR-Cas9 <sup>D10A</sup> Nickase-Assisted Genome Editing in Lactobacillus casei (2017)

<i>Lactobacillus casei</i> has drawn increasing attention as a health-promoting probiotic, while effective genetic manipulation tools are often not available, e.g., the single-gene knockout in <i>L. casei</i> still depends on the classic homologous recombination-dependent double-crossover strategy, which is quite labor-intensive and time-consuming. In the present study, a rapid and precise genome editing plasmid, pLCNICK, was established for <i>L. casei</i> genome engineering based on CRISPR-Cas9<sup>D10A</sup> In addition to the P<sub>23</sub>-Cas9<sup>D10A</sup> and P<sub>ldh</sub>-sgRNA (single guide RNA) expression cassettes, pLCNICK includes the homologous arms of the target gene as repair templates. The ability and efficiency of chromosomal engineering using pLCNICK were evaluated by in-frame deletions of four independent genes and chromosomal insertion of an enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) expression cassette at the <i>LC2W_1628</i> locus. The efficiencies associated with in-frame deletions and chromosomal insertion is 25 to 62%. pLCNICK has been proved to be an effective, rapid, and precise tool for genome editing in <i>L. casei</i>, and its potential application in other lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is also discussed in this study.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> The lack of efficient genetic tools has limited the investigation and biotechnological application of many LAB. The CRISPR-Cas9<sup>D10A</sup> nickase-based genome editing in <i>Lactobacillus casei</i>, an important food industrial microorganism, was demonstrated in this study. This genetic tool allows efficient single-gene deletion and insertion to be accomplished by one-step transformation, and the cycle time is reduced to 9 days. It facilitates a rapid and precise chromosomal manipulation in <i>L. casei</i> and overcomes some limitations of previous methods. This editing system can serve as a basic technological platform and offers the possibility to start a comprehensive investigation on <i>L. casei</i> As a broad-host-range plasmid, pLCNICK has the potential to be adapted to other <i>Lactobacillus</i> species for genome editing.
Consistent feature attribution for tree ensembles (2017)

Note that a newer expanded version of this paper is now available at: arXiv:1802.03888 It is critical in many applications to understand what features are important for a model, and why individual predictions were made. For tree ensemble methods these questions are usually answered by attributing importance values to input features, either globally or for a single prediction. Here we show that current feature attribution methods are inconsistent, which means changing the model to rely more on a given feature can actually decrease the importance assigned to that feature. To address this problem we develop fast exact solutions for SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanation) values, which were recently shown to be the unique additive feature attribution method based on conditional expectations that is both consistent and locally accurate. We integrate these improvements into the latest version of XGBoost, demonstrate the inconsistencies of current methods, and show how using SHAP values results in significantly improved supervised clustering performance. Feature importance values are a key part of understanding widely used models such as gradient boosting trees and random forests, so improvements to them have broad practical implications.
A call to action: responding to the future forecasting of cardiovascular disease in america. (2011)

This article provides compelling evidence for the need to institute prevention measures to curb the growing prevalence of CVD risk factors among younger adults in the United States.
Thematic review series: Skin Lipids. Sebaceous gland lipids: friend or foe? (2007)

Sebaceous glands are intriguing glands that are found throughout the human body except on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. The true function of these glands has yet to be determined, but there are several theories, including antioxidant effects, antibacterial effects, and transport of pheromones. Sebaceous glands produce lipids that are involved in the pathogenesis of one of the most prevalent diseases of adolescence, acne. Although the majority of lipids produced by the sebaceous gland are also produced in other areas of the body, there are two that are characteristic of the sebaceous gland, wax esters and squalene. This review seeks to present an update on the physiology of the sebaceous glands, with particular emphasis on the production of sebaceous lipids.
Real-time LUT-based network topologies for dynamic and partial FPGA self-reconfiguration (2004)

Xilinx Virtex FPGAs offer the possibility of dynamic and partial run-time reconfiguration. If a system uses this feature the designer has to take care, that no signal lines cross the border to other reconfigurable regions. Traditional solutions connecting modules on a dynamic and partial reconfigurable system use TBUF elements for connection and separation of the functional blocks. While automalically placing and routing the design, the routing-tool sometimes uses signal lines which cross the module border. The constraints given by the designer are ignored. To solve this problem we use slices instead of TBUF elements which leads to a benefit by using an automatic modular design flow. This paper gives an overview of the used technique and the complete system on a Xilinx XC2V3000 FPGA.