gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Imidazole-formaldehyde reaction. Formation of 1-imidazolemethanol (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTImidazole-formaldehyde reaction. Formation of 1-imidazolemethanolPeggy W. AlleyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 12, 1837–1838Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1975https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00900a035RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1319Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (290 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
A comparative study on efficacy of topical dorzolamide and topical nevanac in central serous retinopathy (2021)

Introduction: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSR) is mostly an idiopathic ocular disorder characterized by a serous detachment of the neurosensory retina at the macula, caused by active retinal pigment epithelial leakage. Nepafenac is a topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory prodrug that acts by blocking prostaglandins' synthesis, thereby decreasing inflammation. Whereas carbonic anhydrase inhibitors like dorzolamide effectively manage subretinal and intraretinal fluid absorption through Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE), resulting in decreasing in CSR. Materials and Methods: A pilot study on four patients diagnosed with acute CSR was done in a medical college in Andhra Pradesh for a period of 2 months. Patient A, B, C and D are diagnosed as having a cute CSR relying upon Visual acuity, dilated fundus examination and OCT findings. Patient A and B were treated with Nepafenac eye drops thrice daily, and patient C and D with Dorzolamide eye drops twice daily. All patients were followed up on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th week. On each visit, vision, dilated fundoscopy, and OCT were performed. Results: All Patients were followed up from the day of presentation to the 30th day. Central Macular thickness and visual acuity recorded from 1st week till 4th week shows early resolution of submacular fluid in all the patients. It was noted that there was a rapid resolution of CSR in patient C and D treated with Dorzolamide compared to patient A and B treated with Nepafenac.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (1991)

Recent reports suggest that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is caused by one or more unidentified neurotoxins that are poorly metabolized in patients to less toxic and more readily excreted compounds, and that a genetically determined defect in cysteine degradation and in inorganic sulfate production is the mechanism underlying a failure to metabolize xenobiotics normally in ALS. We measured concentrations of total cysteine and of inorganic sulfate in the plasma of age-matched groups of ALS patients and healthy control subjects and found no differences. L-Cysteine, a putative endogenous neurotoxin in ALS, was present in equal concentrations in autopsied brain from ALS patients and controls.
Role of the Cyclic AMP-dependent Protein Kinase in Homologous Resensitization of the β1-Adrenergic Receptor (2004)

A fundamental question in biology is how the various motifs in G protein-coupled receptors participate in the divergent functions orchestrated by these molecules. Here we describe a fundamental role for a serine residue at position 312 in the third intracellular loop of the human beta(1)-adrenergic receptor (beta(1)-AR) in endocytic recycling of the agonist-internalized receptor. In receptor recycling experiments that were monitored by confocal microscopy, the agonist-internalized wild-type (WT) beta(1)-AR recycled with a t(0.5) of 14 +/- 3 min. Mutagenesis of Ser(312) to alanine (Ser(312) --> Ala beta(1)-AR) or to the phosphoserine mimic aspartic acid (Ser(312) --> Asp beta(1)-AR) resulted in beta(1)-AR constructs that were pharmacologically indistinguishable from the WT beta(1)-AR. The internalized Ser(312) --> Asp beta(1)-AR recycled efficiently with a t(0.5) of 11 +/- 3 min, whereas the internalized Ser(312) --> Ala beta(1)-AR was not recycled or functionally resensitized through the endosomal pathway. Because this serine is a putative residue for phosphorylation by the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), we examined the role of this kinase in recycling of the internalized beta(1)-AR. Inhibition of PKA biochemically or genetically using a dominant negative PKA construct blocked the recycling of the internalized WT beta(1)-AR. Phosphorylation studies revealed that the beta(1)-AR is partially phosphorylated by PKA and that phosphorylation of the beta(1)-AR by the catalytic subunit of PKA occurs exclusively at Ser(312). Our results identify a new signaling paradigm in which homologous activation of a kinase provides a reversible modification that shifts the itinerary of the internalized receptor toward recycling and resensitization. Therefore, PKA-mediated phosphorylation of G protein-coupled receptors might result in motif-dependent desensitization or resensitization.
Selective Chloride-Mediated Neat Ethanol Oxidation to 1,1-Diethoxyethane via an Electrochemically Generated Ethyl Hypochlorite Intermediate (2021)

Selective primary alcohol oxidation to form aldehydes products without overoxidation to carboxylic acids remains a key chemistry challenge. Using simple alkylammonium chloride as the electrolyte with a glassy carbon working electrode in neat ethanol solvent, 1,1-diethoxyethane (DEE) was prepared with >95% faradaic efficiency (FE). DEE serves as a storage platform protecting acetaldehyde from overoxidation and volatilization. UV-vis spectroscopy shows that the reaction proceeds through an ethyl hypochlorite intermediate as the sole chloride oxidation product, and that this intermediate decomposes unimolecularly (rate constant <i>k</i> = (6.896 ± 0.516) × 10<sup>-4</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>) to form HCl catalyst and acetaldehyde, which undergoes rapid nucleophilic attack by ethanol solvent to form the DEE product. This indirect oxidation mechanism enables ethanol oxidation at much less positive potentials due to the fast kinetics for chloride anion oxidation.
[Effect of chemical modification on thermal stability of horseradish peroxidase]. (1977)

Soluble preparations of horse radish peroxidase are obtained by means of its amino groups modification with glutaric aldehyde, maleic anhydride and inert proteins including albumin. The enzyme activity is found to decrease under the modification with glutaric aldehyde and to be unchanged at all other cases. Thermal stability of the enzyme preparations obtained is studied within the temperature range from 56 to 80 degrees C. Thermostability of glutaric aldehyde-modified peroxidase is approximately 2.5-fold decreased at 56 degrees C. Thermostability of other preparations exceeds the stability of native peroxidase in 25--90 times at 56 degrees C. Thermodynamic parameters of activation for the process of irreversible thermoinactivation of native and modified enzyme are calculated. A strong compensation effect between activation enthalpy and entropy values is observed, which were changed in 1.5--2 times, while the free activation energy is changed by 2--3 kcal/mol only. Possible mechanism of the change of the enzyme thermal stability under its chemical modification is discussed.
Insulin resistance, obesity and diabetes: the connection (1999)

The author explores the connection between insulin resistance, dysglycaemias, obesity and other disease processes. (non-author abstract)
Knowledge Engineering Using Large Language Models (2023)

Knowledge engineering is a discipline that focuses on the creation and maintenance of processes that generate and apply knowledge. Traditionally, knowledge engineering approaches have focused on knowledge expressed in formal languages. The emergence of large language models and their capabilities to effectively work with natural language, in its broadest sense, raises questions about the foundations and practice of knowledge engineering. Here, we outline the potential role of LLMs in knowledge engineering, identifying two central directions: 1) creating hybrid neuro-symbolic knowledge systems; and 2) enabling knowledge engineering in natural language. Additionally, we formulate key open research questions to tackle these directions.
Tales of a Therapist (2003)

ABSTRACT Historically, theorists and clinicians from various schools of family therapy have discussed therapist self-disclosure in terms of either helping or inhibiting therapeutic progress. Although postmodern language-based theorists and therapists accept and encourage its use, few clinical examples of therapist self-disclosure exist in the family therapy literature. In this paper, a postmodern family therapist working within the language-based tradition describes the use of self-disclosures with a couple. The therapist then reviews the effects of those self-disclosures through the eyes of husband, wife, and therapist.
¿Qué le pedimos a la formación universitaria? Organización, Gestión y Dirección de Entidades de Economía Social (2006)

¿Qué le pedimos a la formación universitaria? Organización,Gestión y Dirección de Entidades de Economía Social
Interferon-γ release assays for the diagnosis of latent<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2010)

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the accuracy of the QuantiFERON-TB® Gold In-Tube (QFT-G-IT) and the T-SPOT®.TB assays with the tuberculin skin test (TST) for the diagnosis of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (LTBI). The Medline, Embase and Cochrane databases were explored for relevant articles in November 2009. Specificities, and negative (NPV) and positive (PPV) predictive values of interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) and the TST, and the exposure gradient influences on test results among bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccinees were evaluated. Specificity of IGRAs varied 98-100%. In immunocompetent adults, NPV for progression to tuberculosis within 2 yrs were 97.8% for T-SPOT®.TB and 99.8% for QFT-G-IT. When test performance of an immunodiagnostic test was not restricted to prior positivity of another test, progression rates to tuberculosis among IGRA-positive individuals followed for 19-24 months varied 8-15%, exceeding those reported for the TST (2-3%). In multivariate analyses, the odd ratios for TST positivity following BCG vaccination varied 3-25, whereas IGRA results remained uninfluenced and IGRA positivity was clearly associated with exposure to contagious tuberculosis cases. IGRAs may have a relative advantage over the TST in detecting LTBI and allow the exclusion of M. tuberculosis infection with higher reliability.
Enhancement of electroluminescence from embedded Si quantum dots/SiO2multilayers film by localized-surface-plasmon and surface roughening (2015)

In this paper, we prepared a novel structure to enhance the electroluminescence intensity from Si quantum dots/SiO2multilayers. An amorphous Si/SiO2 multilayer film was fabricated by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition on a Pt nanoparticle (NP)-coated Si nanopillar array substrate. By thermal annealing, an embedded Si quantum dot (QDs)/SiO2 multilayer film was obtained. The result shows that electroluminescence intensity was significantly enhanced. And, the turn-on voltage of the luminescent device was reduced to 3 V. The enhancement of the light emission is due to the resonance coupling between the localized-surface-plasmon (LSP) of Pt NPs and the band-gap emission of Si QDs/SiO2 multilayers. The other factors were the improved absorption of excitation light and the increase of light extraction ratio by surface roughening structures. These excellent characteristics are promising for silicon-based light-emitting applications.
The Nature of Science Frederick Aicken (1986)

Book Review| September 01 1986 Review: The Nature of Science, by Frederick Aicken The Nature of ScienceFrederick Aicken Robert Cooper Robert Cooper Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar The American Biology Teacher (1986) 48 (6): 379–380. https://doi.org/10.2307/4448340 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Robert Cooper; Review: The Nature of Science, by Frederick Aicken. The American Biology Teacher 1 September 1986; 48 (6): 379–380. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/4448340 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe American Biology Teacher Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1986 The National Association of Biology Teachers Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Synthetic Transaural Audio Rendering (STAR): a Perceptive Approach for Sound Spatialization (2019)

International audience
Holographic high resolution endoscopy through optical fibers (1988)

Endoholography or endoscopic holography combines the features of endoscopy and holography. The purpose of endoholographic imaging is to provide the physician with a unique means of extending diagnosis by providing a life-like record of tissue. It is our contention that endoholographic recording will provide means for microscopic examination of tissue and, in some cases, may obviate the need to excise specimens for biopsy. In this method, holograms, which have the unique properties of three-dimensionality, large focal depth, and high resolution, are made with a newly designed endoscope. The endoscope uses a single-mode optical fiber for illumination and single-beam reflection holograms are recorded in close contact with the tissue at the distal end of the endoscope. The holograms are viewed under a microscope. By using the proper combinations of dyes for staining specific tissue types with various wavelengths of laser illumination, we have seen increased contrast on the cellular level. Using dyes such as rose bengal in combination with the 514.5 nm line of an argon ion laser, and trypan blue and methylene blue with the 647.1 nm line of a krypton ion laser, holograms of the stained colon of a dog, showed the architecture of the colon’s columnar epithelial cells. It is hoped through chronological study using this method in-vivo, an increased understanding of the etiology and pathology of diseases such as Crohn’s diseases, colitis, proctitis, and several different forms of cancer, will help lead to their control.
PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE PLYWOOD ADHESIVE RESINS PREPARED WITH LIQUEFIED BARK OF BLACK WATTLE (ACACIA MEARNSII) (1996)

In this study, whole bark and tannin-free bark from black wattle were liquefied in phenol in the presence of sulfiric acid catalyst. The resulting solutions were reacted with formalin in basic solution to yield resol resins that had 33%. of the phenol replaced by liquefied bark. Preparation of three-ply Southern Pine plywood showed that the resins made with liquefied whole bark performed better than those prepared with tannin-free bark. At low veneer moisture content, panels bonded with the best liquefied bark resin had properties similar to panels bonded with the commercially available phenol-formaldehyde resins that were tested.
Privacy-Preserving Claims Exchange Networks for Virtual Asset Service Providers (2020)

In order for VASPs to fulfill the regulatory requirements from the FATF and the Travel Rule, VASPs need truthful information regarding subjects, such as originators, beneficiaries and other VASPs involved in a virtual asset transfer. However, given that data about subjects are siloed in various organizations and institutions, there needs to be a practical way for VASPs to obtain information from these entities without direct access to the siloed data. In this paper we describe the Open Algorithms approach as a means for data holders to make insights about subjects available to Claims Providers based on vetted algorithms. A Claims Provider delivers signed claims to VASPs regarding the relevant subject, thereby relieving the VASP from having to deal with data, algorithms and analytics. We also propose a consortium arrangement for VASPs to establish a Claims Exchange Network, in which VASPs can deliver signed claims (obtained from their Claims Providers) and public-key information or certificates to other VASPs in a secure and confidential manner.
Identification and Aroma Impact of Norisoprenoids in Orange Juice (2004)

Four norisoprenoids, alpha-ionone, beta-ionone, beta-cyclocitral, and beta-damascenone, along with their putative carotenoid precursors, were identified in Valencia orange juice using time-intensity GC-O, GC-MS, and photodiode array HPLC. alpha-Ionone and beta-cyclocitral are reported in orange juice for the first time. GC-O aroma peaks were categorized into seven groups with similar sensory qualities: citrus/minty, metallic/mushroom/geranium, roasted/cooked/meaty/spice, fatty/soapy/green, sulfury/solventy/medicine, floral, and sweet fruity. The four norisoprenoids contributed approximately 8% of the total aroma intensity and 78% of the total floral aroma category. The putative carotenoid norisoprenoid precursors, alpha- and beta-carotene, alpha- and beta-cryptoxanthin, and neoxanthin, were identified in the same orange juice using photodiode array HPLC retention times and spectral characteristics.
Strategic Product Development Decision-making Based on Optimization Incorporating the QFD Method (2005)

During the conceptual design stage of an optimization problem, optimization of the product quality, its function, and development time, as well as other factors, must be considered in addition to details concerning product structure. To support such complex concurrent design endeavors, we propose a method for deciding the directions of product design development using QFD methods and additional optimization techniques. In order to optimize design parameters and alternatives contained in various HOQ stages, the relationships of design parameters are translated from the initial set of matrices into hierarchical genotypes. HGAs can solve this type of problem and a Pareto optimum solution set displays the outcome graphically. This output can be employed by a decision-maker to chart the most effective development strategy for a given product.
A current-controlled quasi-resonant converter for switched reluctance motor (2002)

A current-controlled quasi-resonant power converter (QRC) suitable for switched reluctance motor feeding is presented. The converter operation is analyzed and its characteristics are determined in terms of the system parameters. The converter control strategy is studied for different operating conditions. Current control operation is considered and discussed. Theoretical predictions are verified and validated by experimental results obtained with a prototype switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A fully monolithic integrated 60 GHz receiver (2003)

A fully monolithic, 60-GHz GaAs receiver consisting of a single balanced microstrip mixer and a two-stage IF amplifier has been designed and fabricated. The complete receiver exhibited a conversion gain of 12.4 dB and an overall DSB noise figure of 9 dB for an IF frequency of 4 GHz. Similar results were obtained at a frequency of 51 GHz. The cutoff frequencies of the Schottky diodes were up to 2300 GHz, and mixer stages realized using these diodes showed a conversion loss of 6 dB and a noise figure (DSB) of 3.3 dB. Multifinger recessed gate MESFETs were used to realize a two stage IF amplifier at 4 GHz. The amplifier exhibited a gain of 20.6 dB and a minimum noise figure of 1.7 db.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Facile Synthesis of Superparamagnetic Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@polyphosphazene@Au Shells for Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Photothermal Therapy (2013)

Multifunctional nanoparticles were prepared by directly welding superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles and Au shells together with highly cross-linked polyphosphazene as "glue" in a facile but effective way. The as-prepared particles can simultaneously take advantages of both magnetization of Fe3O4 core for magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis and strong near-infrared absorption of Au nanoshell for photothermal therapy.
A scalable and efficient user authentication scheme for cloud computing environments (2014)

Cloud computing is an emerging technology that is still unclear to many security problems and user authentication, access control, and ensuring the security of stored data in cloud servers are the most challenging issues in cloud-based environment. Accordingly, this paper offers an efficient and scalable user authentication scheme for cloud computing environment. It the suggested model, various tools and techniques have been introduced and used by using the concept of agent. Therefore, a client-based user authentication agent has been introduced to confirm identity of the user in client-side. Furthermore, a cloud-based software-as-a-service application has been used to confirm the process of authentication for unregistered devices. Moreover, there are two separate servers for storing authentication and cryptography resources from main servers to decrease the dependency of user authentication and encryption processes from main server. Cryptography agent was also introduced to encrypt resources before storing on cloud servers. In overall, the theoretical analysis of the suggested scheme shows that, designing this user authentication and access control model will enhance the reliability and rate of trust in cloud computing environments as an emerging and powerful technology in various industries.
Suitability of surface acoustic wave oscillators fabricated using low temperature-grown AlN films on GaN/sapphire as UV sensors (2008)

Epitaxial AlN films were prepared on GaN/sapphire using a helicon sputtering system at the low temperature of 300 degrees C. Surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices fabricated on AlN/GaN/sapphire exhibited superior characteristics compared with those made on GaN/sapphire. An oscillator using an AlN/GaN/sapphirebased SAW device is presented. The oscillation frequency decreased when the device was illuminated by ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and the downshift of the oscillation frequency increased with the illuminating UV power density. The results showed that the AlN/GaN/sapphire-layered structure SAW oscillators are suitable for visible blind UV detection and opened up the feasibility of developing remote UV sensors for different ranges of wavelengths on the III-nitrides.