gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Shape Based Image Search Technique (2014)

This paper describes an interactive application we have developed based on shaped-based image retrieval technique. The key concepts described in the project are, i)matching of images based on contour matching; ii)matching of images based on edge matching; iii)matching of images based on pixel matching of colours. Further, the application facilitates the matching of images invariant of transformations like i) translation ; ii) rotation; iii) scaling. The key factor of the system is, the system shows the percentage unmatched of the image uploaded with respect to the images already existing in the database graphically, whereas, the integrity of the system lies on the unique matching techniques used for optimum result. This increases the accuracy of the system. For example, when a user uploads an image say, an image of a mango leaf, then the application shows all mango leaves present in the database as well other leaves matching the colour and shape of the mango leaf uploaded.
Anticancer Molecular Mechanisms of Resveratrol (2016)

Resveratrol is a pleiotropic phytochemical belonging to the stilbene family. Though it is only significantly present in grape products, a huge amount of preclinical studies investigated its anticancer properties in a plethora of cellular and animal models. Molecular mechanisms of resveratrol involved signaling pathways related to extracellular growth factors and receptor tyrosine kinases; formation of multiprotein complexes and cell metabolism; cell proliferation and genome instability; cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase signaling (cytokine, integrin, and developmental pathways); signal transduction by the transforming growth factor-β super-family; apoptosis and inflammation; and immune surveillance and hormone signaling. Resveratrol also showed a promising role to counteract multidrug resistance: in adjuvant therapy, associated with 5-fluoruracyl and cisplatin, resveratrol had additive and/or synergistic effects increasing the chemosensitization of cancer cells. Resveratrol, by acting on diverse mechanisms simultaneously, has been emphasized as a promising, multi-target, anticancer agent, relevant in both cancer prevention and treatment.
Neural Network Tomography (2020)

Network tomography, a classic research problem in the realm of network monitoring, refers to the methodology of inferring unmeasured network attributes using selected end-to-end path measurements. In the research community, network tomography is generally investigated under the assumptions of known network topology, correlated path measurements, bounded number of faulty nodes/links, or even special network protocol support. The applicability of network tomography is considerably constrained by these strong assumptions, which therefore frequently position it in the theoretical world. In this regard, we revisit network tomography from the practical perspective by establishing a generic framework that does not rely on any of these assumptions or the types of performance metrics. Given only the end-to-end path performance metrics of sampled node pairs, the proposed framework, NeuTomography, utilizes deep neural network and data augmentation to predict the unmeasured performance metrics via learning non-linear relationships between node pairs and underlying unknown topological/routing properties. In addition, NeuTomography can be employed to reconstruct the original network topology, which is critical to most network planning tasks. Extensive experiments using real network data show that comparing to baseline solutions, NeuTomography can predict network characteristics and reconstruct network topologies with significantly higher accuracy and robustness using only limited measurement data.
Evaluation of Mangosteen juice blend on biomarkers of inflammation in obese subjects: a pilot, dose finding study (2009)

ISRCTN9300027.
A Novel Saponin Hydrolase from <i>Neocosmospora vasinfecta</i> var. <i>vasinfecta</i> (2004)

We isolated a soybean saponin hydrolase from Neocosmospora vasinfecta var. vasinfecta PF1225, a filamentous fungus that can degrade soybean saponin and generate soyasapogenol B. This enzyme was found to be a monomer with a molecular mass of about 77 kDa and a glycoprotein. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the corresponding gene (sdn1) indicated that this enzyme consisted of 612 amino acids and had a molecular mass of 65,724 Da, in close agreement with that of the apoenzyme after the removal of carbohydrates. The sdn1 gene was successfully expressed in Trichoderma viride under the control of the cellobiohydrolase I gene promoter. The molecular mass of the recombinant enzyme, about 69 kDa, was smaller than that of the native enzyme due to fewer carbohydrate modifications. Examination of the degradation products obtained by treatment of soyasaponin I with the recombinant enzyme showed that the enzyme hydrolyzed soyasaponin I to soyasapogenol B and triose [alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->2)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl (1-->2)-D-glucuronopyranoside]. Also, when soyasaponin II and soyasaponin V, which are different from soyasaponin I only in constituent saccharides, were treated with the enzyme, the ratio of the reaction velocities for soyasaponin I, soyasaponin II, and soyasaponin V was 2,680:886:1. These results indicate that this enzyme recognizes the fine structure of the carbohydrate moiety of soyasaponin in its catalytic reaction. The amino acid sequence of this enzyme predicted from the DNA sequence shows no clear homology with those of any of the enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of carbohydrates.
A Two-Stage Mechanism for the Reductive Unfolding of Disulfide-containing Proteins (1997)

Reductive unfolding of disulfide-containing proteins can be experimentally dissected into two distinct stages. In the presence of denaturant and thiol catalyst, native proteins unfold by reshuffling their native disulfides and convert to a mixture of scrambled structures. Subsequent reduction of the disulfide bonds of scrambled proteins requires only mild concentration of reductant (0.2-0.5 mM reduced dithiothreitol) and undergoes intermediates that consist of highly heterogeneous disulfide isomers. These properties have been characterized with three cystine-containing proteins, namely hirudin, tick anticoagulant peptide (TAP), and bovine ribonuclease A. In the cases of hirudin and TAP, most intermediates observed during the oxidative folding were found to exist along the pathway of reductive unfolding as well.
Recovery of Tantalum from Waste Tantalum Capacitors by Supercritical Water Treatment (2017)

Recycling e-waste has been a significant topic for environmental protection and also for resource recovery. Waste tantalum capacitors (WTCs), widely existing in discarded small appliances, are rich in high quality tantalum (Ta) resources. However, recovering Ta from WTCs is difficult due to the tightly covered mold resin. This study proposes an efficient and environmentally friendly process using supercritical water (SCW) to decompose the organics and recover Ta from WTCs. Two methods of SCW were studied: SCW depolymerization (SCWD) and SCW oxidation (SCWO). The results indicated that the mold resin (packing) of WTCs were effectively decomposed by SCW treatments. The organic decomposition efficiency in SCWD was lower than that in SCWO. The optimal parameters for SCWD and SCWO were, respectively, considered to be 425 °C, 25 MPa, and 120 min and 400 °C, 25 MPa, and 90 min, adding a 10% volume ratio of H2O2. After SCWO treatment, Ta electrodes were directly recovered, and the purity of Ta could reach 93.18%. For the sample treated by SCWD, Ta powder could be further recovered by mechanical separation. This study presents an efficient and environmentally friendly process to recover Ta from e-waste, which is significant for resource regeneration and environmental conservation.
Enzymatic synthesis of structured lipid containing arachidonic and palmitic acids (2000)

Abstract Human milk fat contains 20–25% palmitic acid, and about 70% of the fatty acid is esterified to the 2‐position of triglycerides. It was also reported that arachidonic acid (AA) accelerated the growth of preterm infants. Thus, we attempted the synthesis of 1,3‐arachidonoyl‐2‐palmitoyl‐glycerol by acidolysis of tripalmitin with AA using 1,3‐specific Rhizopus delemar lipase. When a mixture of 10 g tripalmitin/AA (1∶5, w/w) and 0.7 g immobilized Rhizopus lipase was incubated at 40°C for 24 h with stirring, the AA content in glycerides reached 59 mol%. The immobilized lipase could be used five times without a decrease in the extent of acidolysis. Glycerides were extracted from the reaction mixture with n ‐hexane, and regiospecific analysis was performed. As a result, the AA contents at the 1,3‐ and 2‐positions were 56.9 and 3.2 mol%, respectively. It was therefore confirmed that the fatty acids at the 1,3‐positions of triglyceride were exchanged for AA. High‐performance liquid chromatography showed that the contents of triarachidonin, 1,3‐arachidonoyl‐2‐palmitoyl‐glycerol, and 1(3)‐arachidonoyl‐2,3(1)‐palmitoyl‐glycerol were 7.3, 75.9, and 12.4 wt%, respectively.
Isolation and characterization of novel bacterial strains exhibiting ligninolytic potential (2011)

Bacillus sp. LD003 was selected as a promising source of novel types of ligninolytic enzymes. Our observations suggested that lignin mineralization and depolymerization are separate events which place additional challenges on the screening of ligninolytic microorganisms for specific ligninolytic enzymes.
Intense white upconversion emission in Pr/Er/Yb codoped tellurite glass (2008)

Near infrared sensitized white light emitting glass has been developed and demonstrated. The white light comes from a combination of radiations emitted from triple rare earth ions (Er, Pr, and Yb) doped in tellurite glass. White light emission is possible by suitably mixing the red-green-blue (RGB) intensities emitted from these rare earth ions. The 980 nm radiation sensitized Yb3+ ions transfer their excitation energy to the Er3+ and Pr3+ ions to promote them to the upper states. The green and red emissions come mainly from Er3+ ion whereas blue emission from Yb3+ and Pr3+ ions. The RGB intensities could be adjusted by tuning the rare earth ion concentration. The optical quality of white light was adjudged using the Commission Internationale de l’ Eclairage coordinates by the rare earth ion concentration and incident power density.
Aligner-mediated cleavage of nucleic acids and its application to isothermal exponential amplification (2018)

We herein describe a simple and versatile approach to use conventional nicking endonuclease (NEase) for programmable sequence-specific cleavage of DNA, termed aligner-mediated cleavage (AMC), and its application to DNA isothermal exponential amplification (AMC-based strand displacement amplification, AMC-SDA). AMC uses a hairpin-shaped DNA aligner (DA) that contains a recognition site in its stem and two side arms complementary to target DNA. Thus, it enables the loading of an NEase on DA's stem, localization to a specific locus through hybridization of the side arms with target DNA, and cleavage thereof. By using just one NEase, it is easy to make a break at any specific locus and tune the cleavage site to the single-nucleotide scale. This capability also endows the proposed AMC-SDA with excellent universality, since the cleavage of target DNA, followed by a polymerase-catalyzed extension along a particular primer as a key step for initiating SDA, no longer relies on any special sequence. Moreover, this manner of initiation facilitates the adoption of 3'-terminated primers, thus making AMC-SDA highly sensitive and highly specific, as well as simple primer design.
Physical-Chemical Properties of Articulated Rodlike Polymers (1982)

Abstract : Photon correlation and absolute intensity light screening studies have been coupled with size exclusion chromatography, viscometry and spectroscopic studies to investigate several articulated polymers. The results show that the polymers investigated tend to form intermolecular aggregates in solution. The effect of these can be reduced in number by increased temperature, sonication and centrifugation, but not completely removed. Results on solutions so treated are presently being analyzed in terms of a quasi-two component mixture of large aggregates (few in number) and molecularly dissolved species. Phase equilibria studies show that articulated polymers can form nematogenic solutions with the tendency increased with decreasing content of non-rodlike comonomer, as expected. For reasons unknown in detail, SPBT copolymers more readily form nematogenic solutions than do SPBO copolymers--a possible explanation may rest with increased intermolecular aggregation with SPBO copolymers. The critical concentration cc for stability of the nematic phase appears to be increased for rodlike polymers in polyphosphoric acid, PPA, as compared with methane sulfonic acid, MSA. This may reflect complex formation with PPA, effectively increasing the chain diameter. Mixtures of a nematogenic rodlike chain and an isotropic articulated chain exhibit depressed cc, as expected. Nonetheless, physical separation of the phases appears to be very difficult with the system studied thus far. Rheological data including measurements of the creep, recovery and dynamic compliances on solutions of an articulated rodlike copolymer in MSA are interpreted in terms of interchain association that is susceptible to cleavage and reformation in flow.
A VMOS-bipolar compatible technology for high-performance analog integrated circuits (1977)

A new integrated circuit process is presented which permits the simultaneous fabrication of n-p-n bipolar transitors and p-channel silicon-gate VMOS transistors. The technology involves no extra processing steps compared to the bipolar process. Test results are presented for the resulting VMOS devices.
Stochastic ion heating in a field-reversed configuration geometry by rotating magnetic fields (2007)

Ion heating by application of rotating magnetic fields (RMFs) to a prolate field-reversed configuration (FRC) is explored by analytical and numerical techniques. For odd-parity RMFs (RMFo), perturbation analysis shows ions in figure-8 orbits gain energy at resonances of the RMFo frequency ωR, with the figure-8 orbital frequency ω. Since figure-8 orbits tend to gain the most energy from the RMF and are unlikely to escape in the cusp region (where most losses occur), they are optimal candidates for rapid stochastic heating, as compared to cyclotron and betatron orbits. Comparisons are made between heating caused by even- and odd-parity RMFs and between heating in currently operating and in reactor-scale FRC devices.
An overview of sarcopenia: facts and numbers on prevalence and clinical impact (2010)

Human muscle undergoes constant changes. After about age 50, muscle mass decreases at an annual rate of 1-2%. Muscle strength declines by 1.5% between ages 50 and 60 and by 3% thereafter. The reasons for these changes include denervation of motor units and a net conversion of fast type II muscle fibers into slow type I fibers with resulting loss in muscle power necessary for activities of daily living. In addition, lipids are deposited in the muscle, but these changes do not usually lead to a loss in body weight. Once muscle mass in elderly subjects falls below 2 standard deviations of the mean of a young control cohort and the gait speed falls below 0.8 m/s, a clinical diagnosis of sarcopenia can be reached. Assessment of muscle strength using tests such as the short physical performance battery test, the timed get-up-and-go test, or the stair climb power test may also be helpful in establishing the diagnosis. Sarcopenia is one of the four main reasons for loss of muscle mass. On average, it is estimated that 5-13% of elderly people aged 60-70 years are affected by sarcopenia. The numbers increase to 11-50% for those aged 80 or above. Sarcopenia may lead to frailty, but not all patients with sarcopenia are frail-sarcopenia is about twice as common as frailty. Several studies have shown that the risk of falls is significantly elevated in subjects with reduced muscle strength. Treatment of sarcopenia remains challenging, but promising results have been obtained using progressive resistance training, testosterone, estrogens, growth hormone, vitamin D, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Interesting nutritional interventions include high-caloric nutritional supplements and essential amino acids that support muscle fiber synthesis.
Evaluation of a parallel branch-and-bound algorithm on a class of multiprocessors (1994)

We propose and evaluate a parallel "decomposite best-first" search branch-and-bound algorithm (dbs) for MIN-based multiprocessor systems. We start with a new probabilistic model to estimate the number of evaluated nodes for a serial best-first search branch-and-bound algorithm. This analysis is used in predicting the parallel algorithm speed-up. The proposed algorithm initially decomposes a problem into N subproblems, where N is the number of processors available in a multiprocessor. Afterwards, each processor executes the serial best-first search to find a local feasible solution. Local solutions are broadcasted through the network to compute the final solution. A conflict-free mapping scheme, known as the step-by-step spread, is used for subproblem distribution on the MIN. A speedup expression for the parallel algorithm is then derived using the serial best-first search node evaluation model. Our analysis considers both computation and communication overheads for providing realistic speed-up. Communication modeling is also extended for the parallel global best-first search technique. All the analytical results are validated via simulation. For large systems, when communication overhead is taken into consideration, it is observed that the parallel decomposite best-first search algorithm provides better speed-up compared to other reported schemes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A natural ZVS high-power bi-directional DC-DC converter with minimum number of devices (2002)

This paper introduces a new bi-directional, isolated DC-to-DC converter. A typical application for this converter can be found in the auxiliary power supply of hybrid electric vehicles. A dual half-bridge topology has been developed to implement the required power rating using the minimum number of devices. Unified zero-voltage-switching was achieved in either direction of power flow with neither a voltage-clamping circuit nor extra switching devices and resonant components. All these new features allow high power density, efficient power conversion and compact packaging. Complete descriptions of operating principle and design guidelines are provided in this paper. An extended state-space averaged model is developed to predict large and small signal characteristics of the converter in both directions of power flow. A 1.6 kW prototype has been built and successfully tested under full power. The experimental results of the converter's steady-state operation confirm the soft-switching operation, simulation analysis, and the developed averaged model. The proposed converter is a good alternative to full-bridge isolated bi-directional DC-DC converter in high power applications.
Combining Scenario-based Requirements with Static Verification and Dynamic Testing. (1998)

Two important prerequisites for achieving high quality software are solid requirements engineering and systematic testing. Scenarios and use cases are gaining increased attention in requirements engineering, as means for eliciting, documenting and validating requirements. Scenarios may also be a basis for testing. This paper identifies a number of possibilities of combining scenario-based requirements engineering with systematic approaches for software verification and validation. It presents outlines of strategies for utilizing scenarios created during requirements engineering as input to static verification and dynamic testing. Special attention is given to the opportunity of (1) using prioritized scenarios for guiding inspections, (2) combining scenarios with reliability testing, and (3) scenario elicitation through strategies common in testing. Several issues of further research are identified. 1.
Estimating software project effort by analogy based on linguistic values (2003)

Estimation models in software engineering are used to predict some important attributes of future entities such as software development effort, software reliability and programmers' productivity. Among these models, those estimating software effort have motivated considerable research in recent years. The prediction procedure used by these software-effort models can be based on a mathematical function or other techniques such as analogy based reasoning, neural networks, regression trees, and rule induction models. Estimation by analogy is one of the most attractive techniques in the software effort estimation field. However, the procedure used in estimation by analogy is not yet able to handle correctly linguistic values (categorical data) such as 'very low', 'low' and 'high'. We propose a new approach based on reasoning by analogy, fuzzy logic and linguistic quantifiers to estimate software project effort when it is described either by numerical or linguistic values; this approach is referred to as Fuzzy Analogy. This paper also presents an empirical validation of our approach based on the COCOMO'81 dataset.
Dynamic light scattering using monomode optical fibers (1987)

We describe the use of monomode optical fibers in dynamic light scattering, i.e., photon correlation spectroscopy or quasi-elastic light scattering.
The archaeology of early commercial fishing activities in New South Wales: A theoretical model (2003)

Until now, early commercial fishing activities in Australia have not been examined archaeologically. Fishing has been a commercial activity in Australia from early European settlement, quickly becoming and remaining one of Australia's biggest commercial industries. Three models are developed to identify early fishing sites and distinguish their associated artefacts from other land-based marine activities. The remains of commercial fishing activities in Australia reflect aspects of colonial economics, social development, adaptation, developing technologies and ethnicity, and will add to our current knowledge concerning cultural process and human behaviour. This paper presents examples of, and archaeological evidence for, early Australian commercial fishing technology.