gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Single-Channel and Multi-Channel Sinusoidal Audio Coding Using Compressed Sensing (2010)

Compressed sensing (CS) samples signals at a much lower rate than the Nyquist rate if they are sparse in some basis. In this paper, the CS methodology is applied to sinusoidally modeled audio signals. As this model is sparse by definition in the frequency domain (being equal to the sum of a small number of sinusoids), we investigate whether CS can be used to encode audio signals at low bitrates. In contrast to encoding the sinusoidal parameters (amplitude, frequency, phase) as current state-of-the-art methods do, we propose encoding few randomly selected samples of the time-domain description of the sinusoidal component (per signal segment). The potential of applying compressed sensing both to single-channel and multi-channel audio coding is examined. The listening test results are encouraging, indicating that the proposed approach can achieve comparable performance to that of state-of-the-art methods. Given that CS can lead to novel coding systems where the sampling and compression operations are combined into one low-complexity step, the proposed methodology can be considered as an important step towards applying the CS framework to audio coding applications.
Semi-analytical finite element analysis of acceleration-induced frequency change in SAW resonators (2002)

A quantitative analysis tool has been developed which determines the acceleration induced frequency change for surface acoustic waves (SAW) traveling in an arbitrary piezoelectric crystal resonator. This analysis tool uses a finite element approach to solve the static bias problem and Sinha and Tiersten's analytical technique to determine the SAW mode shape. Combining this data with the spatially varying effective elastic constants, the numerical perturbation integral derived by Tiersten determines the acceleration sensitivity of the SAW resonator. The unique aspect of this software is the determination of the spatially varying effective elastic constants using finite element shape functions. The versatility of the tool will be demonstrated by modeling three mounting structures that have been experimentally verified. These mounting structures include two plane stress problems and a plane strain problem.
The COMPASS Trial (2020)

Compared with ASA monotherapy, the combination of rivaroxaban 2.5 mg twice daily plus ASA resulted in fewer NCB events primarily by preventing adverse efficacy events, particularly stroke and cardiovascular mortality, whereas severe bleedings were less frequent and with less clinical impact. The NCB was particularly favorable in high-risk subgroups and those with multiple risk characteristics. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT01776424.
Automated Region of Interest Detection of Spiculated Masses on Digital Mammograms (2008)

We have developed a novel technique to automatically identify a region of interest (ROI) surrounding a spiculated lesion on a mammogram. Our proposed approach for determining the size of the ROI depends on the response of a set of unique spiculation filters (SF). The design of these filters is based on manually annotated physical characteristics of spicules. The accuracy of our algorithm is measured in terms of the percentage of spicule pixels located inside the identified ROI. Spicules on each image were identified by an experienced radiologist to serve as a reference to determine the percentage of spicules located in the ROI. On average, 94 percent of spicule pixels were located inside the ROI identified by our algorithm.
Strain energy band engineering approach to AlN/GaN/InN heterojunction devices (2002)

The authors' results clearly demonstrate that quaternary Al/sub x/In/sub y/Ga/sub 1-x-y/N layers can be used to improve the performance of heterojunction devices by controlling strain and/or lattice mismatch to GaN. They also demonstrated that In incorporation in the ternary layers significantly improves their structural and optical properties. The quaternary AlInGaN layers can be lattice matched either to GaN, AlGaN or AlInGaN by a proper selection of alloy compositions. This "strain energy band engineering" approach has allowed them to develop novel GaN-based transistors, UV LEDs, and solar blind photodetectors.
A Distributed Infrastructure for Metadata about Metadata: The HDMM Architectural Style and PORTAL-DOORS System (2010)

Both the IRIS-DNS System and the PORTAL-DOORS System share a common architectural style for pervasive metadata networks that operate as distributed metadata management systems with hierarchical authorities for entity registering and attribute publishing. Hierarchical control of metadata redistribution throughout the registry-directory networks constitutes an essential characteristic of this architectural style called Hierarchically Distributed Mobile Metadata (HDMM) with its focus on moving the metadata for who what where as fast as possible from servers in response to requests from clients. The novel concept of multilevel metadata about metadata has also been defined for the PORTAL-DOORS System with the use of entity, record, infoset, representation and message metadata. Other new features implemented include the use of aliases, priorities and metaresources.
Stem cells and G-CSF for treating neuroinflammation in traumatic brain injury: aging as a comorbidity factor. (2014)

Traumatic brain injury (TBI), often called the signature wound of Iraq and Afghanistan wars, is characterized by a progressive histopathology and long-lasting behavioral deficits. Treatment options for TBI are limited and patients are usually relegated to rehabilitation therapy and a handful of experimental treatments. Stem cell-based therapies offer alternative treatment regimens for TBI, and have been intended to target the delayed therapeutic window post-TBI, in order to promote "neuroregeneration," in lieu of "neuroprotection" which can be accomplished during acute TBI phase. However, these interventions may require adjunctive pharmacological treatments especially when aging is considered as a comorbidity factor for post-TBI health outcomes. Here, we put forward the concept that a combination therapy of human umbilical cord blood cell (hUCB) and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) attenuates neuroinflammation in TBI, in view of the safety and efficacy profiles of hUCB and G-CSF, their respective mechanisms of action, and efficacy of hUCB+G-CSF combination therapy in TBI animal models. Further investigations on the neuroinflammatory pathway as a key pathological hallmark in acute and chronic TBI and also as a major therapeutic target of hUCB+G-CSF are warranted in order to optimize the translation of this combination therapy in the clinic.
Seismic range equation (1991)

Abstract The seismic range equation is the seismic equivalent to the radar range equation. It unites the relevant factors in a marine data gathering system (source, subsurface, target, and receiving system) into a single formulation and provides a systematic approach to seismic data analysis, which we have used to improve seismic data processing for marine basins around the world. While most of the concepts contained in the seismic range equation are well known, this is the first time all have been put together, described in such detail, and used effectively (by way of modeling) to improve processing. A wavelet's amplitude spectrum can be calculated using the seismic range equation, and its phase spectrum can be calculated by consider-ing the phase contributions from source to receiver. An amplitude-versus-offset (AVO) example supports our approach.Source array geometry and the outgoing waveforms from the array elements are required. The receiving system's load impedance and the hydrophone array's geometry, sensitivity, and impedance are also required. Subsurface factors and target strength can be determined by assuming a horizontally layered subsurface and ray theory. The required layer thicknesses, P-wave velocities, and densities can be generated by hand, statistically, or from well data. Well data are not required at the location of interest. The Zoeppritz equations furnish all P-wave reflection and transmission coefficients along a raypath. Seismic data at the location of interest can be used to estimate an attenuation constant (effective Q).
Lightning protection of distribution lines by long flashover arresters (LFA) (1998)

The paper describes a new method of lightning protection of overhead distribution lines by long flashover arresters (LFA) which were invented and developed by the authors. The LFAs are low-cost arresters which are installed in parallel or in series to the line insulators. An insulator with characteristic LFA (ILFA) is also presented. With the use of LFAs or ILFAs the number of line outages may be drastically reduced. The LFA principle, its main applications and some laboratory test results are presented.
Study of Mono-(2-ethylhexyl) Phosphoric Acid and Neutral Organophosphorus Synergists for Extraction of Uranium from Phosphoric Acid Solution (1981)

Abstract The distribution of uranium(IV) and uranium(VI) between phosphoric acid solution and mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (H2MEHP)-trioctyl phosphine oxide (TOPO), and mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid-dibutyl butyl phosphonate (DBBP) in kerosene diluent has been investigated. The effects of extractant composition, phosphoric acid concentration, temperature, uranium concentration, and shaking time on the uranium extraction have been examined. Reductive extraction and oxidative stripping processes for the separation and concentration of uranium from phosphoric acid solution with synergic systems of H2MEHP-TOPO and H2MEHP-DBBP are proposed and discussed.
Bridging Network Embedding and Graph Summarization. (2018)

An important reason behind the prevalence of node representation learning is their superiority in downstream machine learning tasks on graphs. However, storing the vector-based node representation of massive real-world graphs often requires space that is orders of magnitude larger. To alleviate this issue, we introduce the problem of latent network summarization that is complementary to the problem of network embedding, and propose a general framework called Multi-LENS. Instead of deriving dense node-wise representations, the goal of latent network summarization is to summarize the structural properties of the graph in a latent space with dimensionality that is independent of the nodes or edges in the input graph. The size-independent graph summary given by Multi-LENS consists of (i) a set of relational aggregators with their compositions (relational functions) that captures structural features of multi-order node-centric subgraphs, and (ii) the low-rank approximations to matrices that incorporate captured structural features. In addition, Multi-LENS is able to derive node embeddings on the fly from this latent summary due to its inductive properties. Multi-LENS bridges advantages brought by both embeddings and graph summarization, and applies to graphs with or without directionality, weights, attributes or labels. Extensive experiments on both synthetic and real-world graphs show that Multi-LENS achieves 2 - 89% improvement in AUC for link prediction, while requiring less than 79x space compared to existing representation learning approaches. We also show the effectiveness of Multi-LENS summaries in anomaly and event detection on two real-world graphs.
A Mixture of Functionally Oligoclonal Humanized Monoclonal Antibodies That Neutralize Clostridium difficile TcdA and TcdB with High Levels of<i>In Vitro</i>Potency Shows<i>In Vivo</i>Protection in a Hamster Infection Model (2013)

Clostridium difficile infections are a major cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in hospital and care facility patients. In spite of the availability of effective antibiotic treatments, C. difficile infection (CDI) is still a major cause of patient suffering, death, and substantial health care costs. Clostridium difficile exerts its major pathological effects through the actions of two protein exotoxins, TcdA and TcdB, which bind to and disrupt gut tissue. Antibiotics target the infecting bacteria but not the exotoxins. Administering neutralizing antibodies against TcdA and TcdB to patients receiving antibiotic treatment might modulate the effects of the exotoxins directly. We have developed a mixture of three humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) which neutralize TcdA and TcdB to address three clinical needs: reduction of the severity and duration of diarrhea, reduction of death rates, and reduction of the rate of recurrence. The UCB MAb mixture showed higher potency in a variety of in vitro binding and neutralization assays (∼10-fold improvements), higher levels of protection in a hamster model of CDI (82% versus 18% at 28 days), and higher valencies of toxin binding (12 versus 2 for TcdA and 3 versus 2 for TcdB) than other agents in clinical development. Comparisons of the MAb properties also offered some insight into the potential relative importance of TcdA and TcdB in the disease process.
Anisotropy enhanced dual magnetic layer media design for high-density perpendicular recording (2005)

An anisotropy enhanced dual magnetic layer structure is proposed to improve the recording performance of perpendicular media. The initial layer is made of low noise Co-Cr-Pt-O layer and the top layer is made of higher anisotropy Co-Cr-Pt-B layer. A higher nucleation field than the single layer structures is obtained for the dual magnetic layer media. By optimizing the layer structure and properties, better signal-to-noise and lower adjacent track erasure can be achieved for the dual magnetic layer design over single magnetic layer media.
Biosynthesis of Macbecin (1982)

Journal Article Biosynthesis of Macbecin Get access Kazunori Hatano, Kazunori Hatano Applied Microbiology Laboratories, Central Research Division, Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd., Osaka, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Masayuki Muroi, Masayuki Muroi Applied Microbiology Laboratories, Central Research Division, Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd., Osaka, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Eiji Higashide, Eiji Higashide Applied Microbiology Laboratories, Central Research Division, Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd., Osaka, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Masahiko Yoneda Masahiko Yoneda Applied Microbiology Laboratories, Central Research Division, Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd., Osaka, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 46, Issue 6, 1 June 1982, Pages 1699–1702, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1982.10865313 Published: 01 June 1982 Article history Received: 14 December 1981 Published: 01 June 1982
Synthesis and analgesic activity of human .beta.-endorphin (1977)

The solid-phase synthesis of human beta-endorphin is described. A yield of 32% is achieved based on starting resin. The synthetic product behaves as a homogeneous peptide in partition chromatography, paper electrophoresis, thin-layer chromatography, disc electrophoresis, amino acid composition, and a tryptic map. The synthetic beta h-endorphin possesses antinociceptive properties as estimated by the tail-flick, hot-plate, and writhing tests in mice. When applied centrally, beta h-endorphin is 17-48 times more potent than morphine. It is 3.4 times more potent than morphine when injected intravenously. The analgesic responses are blocked by the specific opiate antagonist, naloxone.
Easy eye-gaze calibration using a moving visual target in the head-free remote eye-gaze detection system (2008)

The development of precise head-free remote eye-gaze detection devices with easy calibration is desired for human interface and human monitoring. In the system that we developed, the 3D position of a pupil is measured using stereo wide view cameras. Next, a narrow view camera unit detecting the center of the pupil and the corneal reflection of the light source is aimed at the subject eye pupil using a pan-tilt drive. Previously, we proposed an eye-gaze detection theory in which a subject must look into the center of the aperture of a narrow view camera and at a small marker on a PC screen (two-point calibration). In our past experiments conducted with such calibration at the position of approx. 70cm from a PC screen, the subjects shifted head positions approx. 15cm in depth and 12cm to lateral. The results of our experiments have already confirmed the usefulness of our two-point calibration theory and the developed system. However, unlike looking at the marker on the PC screen, it was difficult during our experiments for the subjects to look at the center of the camera at the center of the aperture because the position was unclear and it was difficult to provide the timing for the subject to look at it. In this paper, we propose a calibration method by looking at just two known points other than the camera. Furthermore, we propose a calibration method using a moving visual target on the PC screen. The experimental results show that the eye gaze precision is improved by using the moving target, rather than by using the two points on the screen or by using the previous calibration method; and, the time necessary for calibration is not different.
Visualizing decision table classifiers (2002)

Decision tables, like decision trees or neural nets, are classification models used for prediction. They are induced by machine learning algorithms. A decision table consists of a hierarchical table in which each entry in a higher level table gets broken down by the values of a pair of additional attributes to form another table. The structure is similar to dimensional stacking. A visualization method is presented that allows a model based on many attributes to be understood even by those unfamiliar with machine learning. Various forms of interaction are used to make this visualization more useful than other static designs.
Optimization of memory redundancy laser link processing (1995)

Memory repair through the use of laser processing of redundant elements is an industry standard procedure for memory chip manufacturing. But, shrinking memory feature sizes and the industry's tendency to use metals as link materials rather than polysilicon imposes new challenges for laser processing. So far, the majority of the research on memory link laser processing has concentrated on: The vertical structure of a link (such as the multiple layers of passivation, link, field oxidation and silicon substrate); the laser beam absorption; and, the different temperature distribution within the structure as the result of laser beam heating. Until now, the emphasis in laser link processing optimization has been aimed at creating uniform temperature distribution while severing the link before exploding the passivation layer. Our study has shown that the link width plays an important roll in the processing as well. Analysis of the mechanical stress beneath the passivation layer using finite element modeling has been carried out. Different link width and passivation layer thicknesses vary the stress dramatically. The results of this simulation will be presented and their implication on link processing optimization will be discussed. To optimize the laser processing further, we have proven that absorption contrast of laser energy between the link material and the silicon substrate beneath the link must be maximized. Based upon the fact that while the absorption of most metal materials in the 1.3- to 2-micron range remains the same as that at 1 micron, it drops dramatically for silicon. By using laser wavelengths within the 1.3- to 2-micron range, a much wider laser processing window can be realized. Comparison analysis of link processing by different laser wavelengths will be discussed.
Helmholtz equation–least-squares method for reconstructing the acoustic pressure field (1997)

A method using spherical wave expansion theory to reconstruct acoustic pressure field from a vibrating object is developed. The radiated acoustic pressures are obtained by means of an expansion of independent functions generated by the Gram–Schmidt orthonormalization with respect to the particular solutions to the Helmholtz equation on the vibrating surface under consideration. The coefficients associated with these independent functions are determined by requiring the assumed form of solution to satisfy the pressure boundary condition at the measurement points. The errors incurred in this process are minimized by the least-squares method. Once these coefficients are specified, the acoustic pressure at any point, including the source surface, is completely determined. In this paper, this method is used to reconstruct the surface acoustic pressures based on the measured acoustic pressure signals in the field. It is shown that this method can be applied to both separable and nonseparable geometries, and the solutions thus obtained are unique. However, the convergence may be worse for an elongated object subject to high-frequency excitations.
OLED Device Operational Lifetime: Insights and Challenges (2007)

This paper discusses some of the most important intrinsic and extrinsic factors that affect the organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) stability. OLEDs lifetime can be greatly improved through materials design by improving the redox properties, thermal properties, and charge transporting properties. Extrinsic factors, such as materials purity, are also discussed.
Time-Range Adaptive Processing for pulse agile radar (2010)

Some radar systems utilize pulse agility to mitigate interference or synthesize bandwidth. Transmitting different waveforms on a pulse-to-pulse basis can have deleterious effects when traditional pulse-Doppler processing is employed. In this paper a recursive MMSE-based receiver design, denoted as Time-Range Adaptive Processing, is presented. The new method jointly adapts in range and Doppler, thus yielding enhanced sensitivity when compared to adaptation in each dimension separately.
An array of monolithic FBAR-CMOS oscillators for mass-sensing applictions (2009)

We present a monolithic, solidly-mounted CMOS-FBAR oscillator array for mass sensing applications. Thin-film bulk acoustic resonators (FBAR) are an effective platform for sensitive biological and chemical detection, where their high operating frequencies make them many times more sensitive than a quartz crystal microbalance. By monolithic integration with CMOS drive circuitry, we aim to overcome the spatial limitations of externally-coupled resonators to build dense sensor arrays without specialized fabrication techniques. The sensors in this work are constructed in a 6 × 4 array atop a 0.18μm CMOS active substrate, and mass sensitivity comparable to off-chip FBAR sensors is demonstrated.