gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Linear polyesters containing isocyanurate rings (1974)

Abstract Two series of linear polyesters containing isocyanurate rings have been prepared to determine the effect of structural variations on thermal and solubility properties. The polyesters were prepared by the polycondensation reaction of isocyanurate containing difunctional acid and ester monomers with linear diols. The substituent on the isocyanurate ring and the length of the acid side chain have been shown to have considerable effect on the glass transition temperature T g . Different solubility properties were observed for the series of polyesters in which the pendant substituent was C 6 H 5 and the acid side‐chain was CH 2 CO 2 H. These polymers were insoluble in THF, and the polyester prepared from 1,6‐hexanediol was also insoluble in chloroform. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated that structural differences had no significant effect on the thermal stability of these linear polyesters.
5-Hydroxyanthranilic acid derivatives as potent 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors. (1993)

Three new 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors, designated as BU-4601 A, B and C, were found in the fermentation broth of Streptomyces sp. strain No. AA2807. Their structures were identified as isodecyl, isoundecyl and isolauryl esters of 5-hydroxyanthranilic acid, respectively. Based on their structures, five related esters were synthesized and evaluated for biological activity as inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase. Both naturally-occurring and chemically-synthesized compounds exhibited almost equal levels of 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory activities in vitro.
Abstract LB-144: Molecular signatures of circulating melanoma cells for monitoring early response to immune checkpoint therapy (2018)

Abstract A subset of patients with metastatic melanoma have sustained remissions following treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, analyses of pretreatment tumor biopsies for markers predictive of response, including PD-L1 expression and mutational burden, are insufficiently precise to guide treatment selection and clinical radiographic evidence of response on therapy may be delayed, leading to some patients receiving potentially ineffective but toxic therapy. Here, we developed a molecular signature of melanoma Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) to quantify early tumor response using blood-based monitoring. A quantitative 19-gene digital RNA signature (CTC-Score) applied to microfluidically-enriched CTCs robustly distinguishes melanoma cells, within a background of blood cells in reconstituted and in patient-derived (N=42) blood specimens. In a prospective cohort of 49 patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors, a decrease in CTC-Score within 7 weeks of therapy correlates with marked improvement in progression-free survival (Hazard Ratio (HR): 0.17, P=0.008) and overall survival (HR: 0.12, P=0.04). Thus, digital quantitation of melanoma CTC-derived transcripts enables serial noninvasive monitoring of tumor burden, supporting the rational application of immune checkpoint inhibition therapies. Citation Format: Xin Hong, Ryan J. Sullivan, Mark Kalinich, Tanya Kwan, Shiwei Pan, Joseph A. LiCausi, John D. Milner, Linda T. Nieman, Ben S. Wittner, Uyen Ho, Tianqi Chen, Ravi Kapur, Don Lawrence, Keith T. Flaherty, Lecia V. Sequist, Sridhar Ramaswamy, David T. Miyamoto, Michael Lawrence, Anita Giobbie-Hurder, Mehmet Toner, Kurt J. Isselbacher, Shyamala Maheswaran, Daniel A. Haber. Molecular signatures of circulating melanoma cells for monitoring early response to immune checkpoint therapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-144.
A phoneme-similarity based ASR front-end (2002)

A training procedure for phoneme similarity reference models is described and two word recognition methods based on phoneme similarities for the English language are evaluated under clean, noisy and channel-distorted speech conditions. Optimization of recognition performance is examined in terms of multi-style training, cepstral normalizations, gender dependent models and length of time over which the phoneme similarities are computed. Phoneme similarities provide a compact speech representation which is relatively insensitive to the variations between speakers.
Mechanism, kinetics and microbiology of inhibition caused by long-chain fatty acids in anaerobic digestion of algal biomass (2015)

This study demonstrated that inoculum concentration has a more significant effect on alleviating LCFA inhibition than calcium concentration, while calcium only played a role when inoculum concentration met a threshold level. The model revealed that each functional microbial group was subject to different levels of LCFA inhibition. Although methanogens were the most susceptible microbes to LCFA inhibition, the inhibition factor for hydrolytic bacteria was more highly affected by inoculum concentration. The microbial community analysis indicated that the bacterial community was affected more than the methanogenic community by high LCFAs concentration. Syntrophic acetogens were sensitive to high LCFA concentrations and thus showed a decreased abundance in such an environment. Graphical abstractProposed mechanism of calcium mitigated LCFA inhibition.
Channel Allocation under Batching and VCR Control in Video-on-Demand Systems (1995)

In order to guarantee continuous delivery of a video stream in an on-demand video server environment, a collection of resources (referred to as a logical channel) are reserved in advance. To conserve server resources, multiple client requests for the same video can be batched together and served by a single channel. Increasing the window over which all requests for a particular video are batched results in larger savings in server capacity; however, it also increases the reneging probability of a client. A complication introduced by batching is that if a batched client pauses, a new stream (which may not be immediately available) needs to be started when the client resumes. To provide short response time to resume requests, some channels are set aside and are referred to as contingency channels. To further improve resource utilization, even when a nonbatched client pauses, the channel is released and reacquired upon resume. In this paper, we first develop an analytical model that predicts the reneging probability and expected resume delay, and then use this model to optimally allocate channels for batching, on-demand playback, and contingency. The effectiveness of the proposed policy over a scheme with no contingency channels and no batching is also demonstrated.
Deepcasd: An End-to-End Approach for Multi-Spectral Image Super-Resolution (2018)

Multi-spectral (MS) image super-resolution aims to reconstruct super-resolved multi-channel images from their low-resolution images by regularizing the image to be reconstructed. Recently data-driven regularization techniques based on sparse modeling and deep learning have achieved substantial improvements in single image reconstruction problems. Inspired by these data-driven methods, we develop a novel coupled analysis and synthesis dictionary (CASD) model for MS image super-resolution, by exploiting a regularizer that operates within, as well as across, multiple spectral channels using convolutional dictionaries. To learn the CASD model parameters, we propose a deep dictionary learning framework, named DeepCASD, by unfolding and training an end-to-end CASD based reconstruction network over an image data set. Experimental results show that the DeepCASD framework exhibits improved performance on multi-spectral image super-resolution compared to state-of-the-art learning based super-resolution algorithms.
Reduction of infarct size and postischemic inflammation from ATL-146e, a highly selective adenosine A<sub>2A</sub>receptor agonist, in reperfused canine myocardium (2004)

Adenosine and adenosine A(2A) receptor agonists have been shown to limit myocardial infarct size when given at vasodilatory doses during reperfusion. This beneficial effect is thought to be due, in part, to stimulation of adenosine A(2A) receptors on inflammatory cells. The specific aims of this study were to determine whether the anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties of a novel adenosine A(2A) receptor agonist, ATL-146e (ATL), alone or in combination with the phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor rolipram would occur using very low, nonvasodilating doses. In a canine model of reperfused myocardial infarction, low-dose ATL given alone reduced infarct size by 45% (P < 0.05 vs. control). When ATL was combined with a very low dose of rolipram (0.001 microg.kg(-1).min(-1)), a marked reduction in P-selectin expression and neutrophil infiltration (51% lower; P < 0.001 vs. control) was seen and the infarct size reduction (58% lower; P < 0.01 vs. control) was greater than observed with ATL (45% lower; P < 0.05) or rolipram (33% lower; P < 0.05) alone. In conclusion, a low, nonvasodilating dose of ATL, a highly selective adenosine A(2A) receptor agonist, reduced infarct size after reperfusion. Furthermore, combining ATL and the phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor rolipram reduced infarct size even more than either agent alone. Such combination therapy may be beneficial clinically by potentiating cardioprotection after coronary reperfusion at doses far below those producing vasodilatation or side effects.
On-line monitoring of system health using on-chip SRAMs as a wearout sensor (2017)

Safety critical systems need methodologies for chips to monitor their health in the field, so that the need for repairs can be determined during scheduled maintenance. Prior work provides health monitoring via detection of degradation. Since many wearout mechanisms provide no degradation signal, this paper proposes to use the embedded SRAM as a dynamic monitor of system health. The SRAM is monitored by detecting error correcting code (ECC) failures. The cause of ECC failures is diagnosed electrically with on-chip built-in self test (BIST). The time stamps and diagnosis data are combined to estimate process-level wearout model parameters. The extracted wearout model parameters are combined with system wearout simulation data and the memory bit failures recovered by error correcting codes (ECC) to estimate the remaining lifetime of the entire processor. The estimation of the remaining life is helpful in monitoring potential chip failures in the near future, to ensure safe operation.
Implementing Intelligence on Silicon Using Neuron-Like Functional MOS Transistors (1993)

We will present the implementation of intelligent electronic circuits realized for the first time using a new functional device called Neuron MOS Transistor (neuMOS or vMOS in short) simulating the behavior of biological neurons at a single transistor level. Search for the most resembling data in the memory cell array, for instance, can be automatically carried out on hardware without any software manipulation. Soft Hardware, which we named, can arbitrarily change its logic function in real time by external control signals without any hardware modification. Implementation of a neural network equipped with an on-chip self-learning capability is also described. Through the studies of vMOS intelligent circuit implementation, we noticed an interesting similarity in the architectures of vMOS logic circuitry and biological systems.
Extraction of Geological Information From Seismic Data Contaminated By Coherent Noise (2017)

Abstract Seismic data is often contaminated by coherent noise, such as surface waves and/or internal multiples. It is very difficult to suppress coherent noise that has very small slope differences from the true seismic events. We propose a procedure to reduce the coherency of the noise while retaining the coherency of the true seismic events on post-stack data so that random noise suppression technologies can be used. The post-stack seismic events are first flattened using known primary events. Seismic traces are then randomly rearranged to destroy the coherency of the noise as guides. The rearrangement is limited to a predetermined spatial range in case of large spatial amplitude variations in the data. Seismic noise is then suppressed with random noise suppression technologies, such as median and fourier-wavenumber (FK) filtering. Seismic traces are then shifted back to their original locations. Field data applications suggest that the proposed technique is effective and robust. It is very useful in obtaining an interpretable seismic seismic section from data heavily contaminated with hard-to-separate multiples and/or other coherent noise.
Hybrid nanosensor for colorimetric and ultrasensitive detection of nuclease contaminations (2016)

Nucleases are ubiquitous enzymes that degrade DNA or RNA, thus they can prejudice the good outcome of molecular biology experiments involving nucleic acids. We propose a colorimetric test for the naked-eye detection of nuclease contaminations. The system uses an hybrid nanosensor, based on gold nanoparticles functionalized with DNA probes. Our assay is rapid, instrument-free, simple and low-cost. Moreover, it reaches sensitivity equal or better than those of commercial kits, and presents a lot of advantageous aspects. Therefore, it is very competitive, with a real market potential. This test will be relevant in routine process monitoring in scientific laboratories, and in quality control in clinical laboratories and industrial processes, allowing the simultaneous detection of nucleases with different substrate specificities and large-scale screening.
Combination of anti‐<scp>CD</scp>4 antibody treatment and donor lymphocyte infusion ameliorates graft‐<i>versus</i>‐host disease while preserving graft‐<i>versus</i>‐tumor effects in murine allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (2017)

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is not only a well-established immunotherapy for hematologic malignancies, but is potentially useful for treating solid tumors refractory to available therapies. However, application of allo-HSCT to solid tumors is limited, despite the beneficial antitumor effects, by the risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells have been implicated in several aspects of GVHD, and suppress antitumor CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell responses. In the present study, we investigated clinically applicable allo-HSCT protocols designed to maximize antitumor effects while reducing the risk of GVHD. We used a mouse model of allo-HSCT with s.c. tumors. We found that myeloablative conditioning was associated with better inhibition of tumor growth but with severe acute GVHD. Early treatment with anti-CD4 mAb substantially ameliorated GVHD while preserving antitumor effects, leading to improved survival in myeloablative allo-HSCT. Late treatment with anti-CD4 mAb also ameliorated GVHD to some extent. Donor lymphocyte infusion in GVHD mice treated with anti-CD4 mAb further suppressed tumor growth without exacerbating GVHD. Collectively, our results suggest that myeloablative allo-HSCT followed by anti-CD4 mAb treatment and donor lymphocyte infusion could be a potent and safe immunotherapy for patients with cancers refractory to available therapies.
Piezoelectrically actuated flextensional micromachined ultrasound transducers. I. Theory (2002)

This series of two papers considers piezoelectrically actuated flextensional micromachined ultrasound transducers (PAFMUTs) and consists of theory, fabrication, and experimental parts. The theory presented in this paper is developed for an ultrasound transducer application presented in the second part. In the absence of analytical expressions for the equivalent circuit parameters of a flextensional transducer, it is difficult to calculate its optimal parameters and dimensions and difficult to choose suitable materials. The influence of coupling between flexural and extensional deformation and that of coupling between the structure and the acoustic volume on the dynamic response of piezoelectrically actuated flextensional transducer are analyzed using two analytical methods: classical thin (Kirchhoff) plate theory and Mindlin plate theory. Classical thin plate theory and Mindlin plate theory are applied to derive two-dimensional plate equations for the transducer and to calculate the coupled electromechanical field variables such as mechanical displacement and electrical input impedance. In these methods, the variations across the thickness direction vanish by using the bending moments per unit length or stress resultants. Thus, two-dimensional plate equations for a step-wise laminated circular plate are obtained as well as two different solutions to the corresponding systems. An equivalent circuit of the transducer is also obtained from these solutions.
Resolution equations for high-field ion mobility (2004)

An extension of current mobility resolution equations as they apply to high-field ion mobility spectrometry is presented. The new resolution expression is applied to arrival time distributions for ions having a large range of ion mobilities and mass-to-charge ratios (m/z). The results indicate that the new equation can be utilized to predict the mobility resolution over a broader range of applied electric fields than previous ion mobility resolution expressions.
Nonnegative matrix factorization and probabilistic latent semantic indexing: equivalence, chi-square statistic, and a hybrid method (2006)

The results demonstrate that high glucose causes oxidative stress and NO over-production in rat mesangial cells in vitro via decreasing Bim and increasing iNOS, which are at least partially mediated by the TGF-β1/PI3K/Akt pathway.
Towards the Implementation of an Autonomous Camera Algorithm on the da Vinci Platform. (2016)

Camera positioning is critical for all telerobotic surgical systems. Inadequate visualization of the remote site can lead to serious errors that can jeopardize the patient. An autonomous camera algorithm has been developed on a medical robot (da Vinci) simulator. It is found to be robust in key scenarios of operation. This system behaves with predictable and expected actions for the camera arm with respect to the tool positions. The implementation of this system is described herein. The simulation closely models the methodology needed to implement autonomous camera control in a real hardware system. The camera control algorithm follows three rules: (1) keep the view centered on the tools, (2) keep the zoom level optimized such that the tools never leave the field of view, and (3) avoid unnecessary movement of the camera that may distract/disorient the surgeon. Our future work will apply this algorithm to the real da Vinci hardware.
A mouse monoclonal antibody to the TSHR. (2005)

Mouse mAbs of this type should be useful in studying the interactions between the TSHR, TSH, and mAbs in more detail.
Parallelizing dynamic programming through rank convergence (2014)

This paper proposes an efficient parallel algorithm for an important class of dynamic programming problems that includes Viterbi, Needleman-Wunsch, Smith-Waterman, and Longest Common Subsequence. In dynamic programming, the subproblems that do not depend on each other, and thus can be computed in parallel, form stages or wavefronts. The algorithm presented in this paper provides additional parallelism allowing multiple stages to be computed in parallel despite dependences among them. The correctness and the performance of the algorithm relies on rank convergence properties of matrix multiplication in the tropical semiring, formed with plus as the multiplicative operation and max as the additive operation.
InGaAs-InP Uni-Traveling-Carrier photodiodes for high power capability (2008)

We compare two uni-traveling-carrier photodiodes for high power applications. Saturation current is increased from 62 mA to 90 mA at 20 GHz due to improved series-resistance and heat power dissipation. The associated 3 -dB bandwidth is shown to increase simultaneously from 30 GHz at 40 mA to 32 GHz at 70 mA.
Violet: A Storage Stack for IOPS/Capacity Bifurcated Storage Environments (2014)

In this paper we describe a storage system called Violet that efficiently marries fine-grained host side data management with capacity optimized backend disk systems. Currently, for efficiency reasons, real-time analytics applications are forced to map their in-memory graph like data structures on to columnar databases or other intermediate disk friendly data structures when they are persisting these data structures to protect them from node failures. Violet provides efficient fine-grained end-to-end data management functionality that obviates the need to perform this intermediate mapping. Violet presents the following two key innovations that allow us to efficiently do this mapping between the finegrained host side data structures and capacity optimized backend disk system: 1) efficient identification of updates on the host that leverages hardware in-memory transaction mechanisms and 2) efficient streaming of fine-grained updates on to a disk using a new data structure called Fibonacci Array.
51.2: Skew‐Ray Compensated Retarder‐Stack Filters for LCOS Projection (2002)

Abstract Compact liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) based projection engines have been demonstrated that use retarder stack filters with polarizing beamsplitters as the basis of a color management system. A new class of retarder stack filter compensates for the geometrical rotation characteristic of polarizing beamsplitters, further improving attainable system performance.
Modal analysis of waveguides based on a triangular photonic crystal lattice (2002)

We have performed modal analysis of both conventional single line defect waveguides and proposed "narrowed" waveguides. We have shown that the proposed structure has fewer guided modes than the conventional one, and based on the dispersion diagram-type analysis, we predict that it will have better coupling properties. At present we are working on the experimental verification of these properties. We are also engaged in the quantitative experimental verification of the predicted high transmission efficiency around sharp bends in the photonic crystal waveguides.
Cavity-enhanced optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification (2006)

A novel method for the generation of high-energy ultrashort optical pulses is described and studied theoretically and numerically. Through the combination of parametric amplification and enhancement cavities, this method opens a route to generate few-cycle pulses at unprecedented average power levels through the use of a low-energy, high average-power pump source and energy storage in the enhancement cavity. Dispersion in the enhancement cavity ceases to be a concern with the use of long pump pulses. Limitations set by the Kerr nonlinearity of the amplifier crystal are analyzed, and ways to overcome them using self-defocusing nonlinearities are discussed.
Micromachinable ultrasonic leaky wave air transducers (1998)

Ultrasonic air transducers using leaky waves on thin membranes are analyzed using perturbation and normal mode approaches. The transducers utilize the efficient coupling of ultrasonic energy to air through radiation of these leaky wave modes when their phase velocity is close to the sound speed in air. Theoretical results on optimum transducer dimensions and bandwidth estimation show that a minimum conversion loss of 8.7 dB with a 78% fractional bandwidth is possible. Common micromachining materials are shown to be suitable transducer materials and result in feasible devices. This is demonstrated by fabricating a 580 kHz transducer using a silicon membrane bonded to a ring of PZT-5H. With this configuration the transducer is self line focusing. Results of through transmission experiments on silicon and transmission images on paper are reported.