gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deriving Protocol Models from Imperfect Service Conversation Logs (2008)

Understanding the business (interaction) protocol supported by a service is very important for both clients and service providers: it allows developers to know how to write clients that interact with a service, and it allows development tools and runtime middleware to deliver functionality that simplifies the service development lifecycle. It also greatly facilitates the monitoring, visualization, and aggregation of interaction data. This paper presents an approach for discovering protocol definitions from real-world service interaction logs. It first describes the challenges in protocol discovery in such a context. Then, it presents a novel discovery algorithm, which is widely applicable, robust to different kinds of imperfections often present in realworld service logs, and able to derive protocols of small sizes, also thanks to heuristics. As finding the most precise and the smallest model is algorithmically not feasible from imperfect service logs, finally, the paper presents an approach to refine the discovered protocol via user interaction, to compensate for possible imprecision introduced in the discovered model. The approach has been implemented and experimental results show its viability on both synthetic and real-world datasets.
Search by Ideal Candidates (2016)

One key challenge in talent search is how to translate complex criteria of a hiring position into a search query. This typically requires deep knowledge on which skills are typically needed for the position, what are their alternatives, which companies are likely to have such candidates, etc. However, listing examples of suitable candidates for a given position is a relatively easy job. Therefore, in order to help searchers overcome this challenge, we design a next generation of talent search paradigm at LinkedIn: Search by Ideal Candidates. This new system only needs the searcher to input one or several examples of suitable candidates for the position. The system will generate a query based on the input candidates and then retrieve and rank results based on the query as well as the input candidates. The query is also shown to the searcher to make the system transparent and to allow the searcher to interact with it. As the searcher modifies the initial query and makes it deviate from the ideal candidates, the search ranking function dynamically adjusts an refreshes the ranking results balancing between the roles of query and ideal candidates. As of writing this paper, the new system is being launched to our customers.
Identificación de la primera molécula peptídica que inhibe efectos biológicos de la interleucina-15 (2013)

Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a pro-infl ammatory cytokine that is expressed in several autoimmune and infl ammatory diseases. We have identifi ed the 36-45 sequence KVTAMKCFLL on human IL-15 that is recognized by a soluble form of recombinant hIL-15Rα-Fc fusion protein. This sequence synthesized as a 10 aa. peptide binds to the IL-15Rα and was able to block the biological activity of IL-15 in two IL-15 dependent cells lines. Using alanine scan strategy we identifi ed a more active peptide by replacing the second Lys in the sequence for the polar non-charged amino acid threonine. Moreover, soluble IL-15Rα was quantitated by a newly developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the P8 peptide as capture in samples of synovial fl uid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). This research won the 2012 Award of the Cuban National Academy of Sciences.
Highly Efficient Semisynthesis of Biologically Active Epothilone Derivatives (2001)

Novel epothilone derivatives were prepared by both total synthesis and semisynthesis. Comparison of the two strategies suggests that a semisynthesis approach has several practical advantages including ease of preparation, stereochemical control, and potential for scale-up. Synthetic chemistry for efficient deoxygenation of epothilones, preparation of epoxide bioisosteres, and an efficient lactone-to-lactam conversion are presented. In vitro biological data for the new epothilone analogues are provided, along with preliminary in vivo data for clinical candidate BMS-247550.
Multicolor Directional Surface Plasmon-Coupled Chemiluminescence (2006)

In reports over the past several years, we have demonstrated the efficient collection of optically excited fluorophore emission by its coupling to surface plasmons on thin metallic films, where the coupled luminescence was highly directional and polarized. This phenomenon is referred to as surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE). In this current study, we have extended this technique to include chemiluminescing species and subsequentially now report the observation of surface plasmon-coupled chemiluminescence (SPCC), where the luminescence from chemically induced electronic excited states couples to surface plasmons in thin continuous metal films. The SPCC is highly directional and predominantly p-polarized, strongly suggesting that the emission is from surface plasmons instead of the luminophores themselves. This indicates that surface plasmons can be directly excited from chemically induced electronic excited states and excludes the possibility that the plasmons are created by incident excitation light. This phenomenon has been observed for a variety of chemiluminescent species in the visible spectrum, ranging from blue to red, and also on a variety of metals, namely, aluminum, silver, and gold. Our findings suggest new chemiluminescence sensing strategies on the basis of localized, directional, and polarized chemiluminescence detection, especially given the wealth of assays that currently employ chemiluminescence-based detection.
Statistical estimation of ultrasonic propagation path parameters for aberration correction (2005)

Parameters in a linear filter model for ultrasonic propagation are found using statistical estimation. The model uses an inhomogeneous-medium Green's function that is decomposed into a homogeneous-transmission term and a path-dependent aberration term. Power and cross-power spectra of random-medium scattering are estimated over the frequency band of the transmit-receive system by using closely situated scattering volumes. The frequency-domain magnitude of the aberration is obtained from a normalization of the power spectrum. The corresponding phase is reconstructed from cross-power spectra of subaperture signals at adjacent receive positions by a recursion. The subapertures constrain the receive sensitivity pattern to eliminate measurement system phase contributions. The recursion uses a Laplacian-based algorithm to obtain phase from phase differences. Pulse-echo waveforms were acquired from a point reflector and a tissue-like scattering phantom through a tissue-mimicking aberration path from neighboring volumes having essentially the same aberration path. Propagation path aberration parameters calculated from the measurements of random scattering through the aberration phantom agree with corresponding parameters calculated for the same aberrator and array position by using echoes from the point reflector. The results indicate the approach describes, in addition to time shifts, waveform amplitude and shape changes produced by propagation through distributed aberration under realistic conditions.
Second-Generation Highly Potent and Selective Inhibitors of the Hepatitis C Virus NS3 Serine Protease (2009)

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of chronic liver disease. The moderate efficacy along with side effects of the current pegylated interferon and ribavirin combination therapy underscores the need for more effective and safer new treatment. In an effort to improve upon our current clinical candidate, Boceprevir (SCH 503034), extensive SAR studies were performed on the P3 capping moieties. This led to the discovery of tert-leucinol derived cyclic imides as a potent series of novel P3 capping groups. Thus, the introduction of these imide caps improved the cell-based replicon EC(90) by more than 10-fold. A number of imides with various substitutions, ring sizes, bicyclic systems, and heterocyclic rings were explored. The 4,4-dimethyl substituted glutarimide emerged as the best cap as exemplified in compound 21 (K(i)* = 4 nM, EC(90) = 40 nM). Systematic optimization of different positions (P', P3, and P1) of the inhibitor resulted in the identification of the lead compound 46, which had an excellent potency (K(i)* = 4 nM, EC(90) = 30 nM) and good pharmacokinetic profile (22% and 35% bioavailability in rats and dogs, respectively). X-ray structure of inhibitor 46 bound to the enzyme revealed that there was an additional hydrogen bonding interaction between one of the imide carbonyls and Cys159.
Interatrial Conduction Measured During Biventricular Pacemaker Implantation Accurately Predicts Optimal Paced Atrioventricular Intervals (2007)

The paced IACT has a strong correlation with the echo derived optimal PAV. This method may be used to program PAV intervals without need for echocardiography in patients undergoing BiV pacemaker implantation.
A decoder with soft decoding capability for high-rate generalized concatenated codes with applications in non-volatile flash memories (2017)

This work proposes a decoder implementation for high-rate generalized concatenated (GC) codes. The proposed codes are well suited for error correction in flash memories for high reliability data storage. The GC codes are constructed from inner extended binary Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes and outer Reed-Solomon (RS) codes. The extended BCH codes enable high-rate GC codes. Moreover, the decoder can take advantage of soft information. For the first three levels of inner codes we propose an optional Chase soft decoder. In this work, the code construction is explained and a decoder architecture is presented. Furthermore, area and throughput results are discussed.
Temporal imaging with a time lens (1989)

We extend the well-known analogy between the problems of paraxial diffraction in space and dispersion in time to optical pulse compression and propose a time-domain analog to spatial imaging that allows for the distortionless expansion or compression of optical power waveforms. We call this new concept temporal imaging and derive equivalent expressions for the focal length and the f-number of a time lens and the magnification of an imaging system. It should now become possible, with a temporal microscope, to expand ultrafast optical phenomena to a time scale that is accessible to conventional high-speed photodiodes.
Fast identification of stop words for font learning and keyword spotting (1999)

A recently proposed adaptive strategy for text recognition uses a linguistic fact that over half of the words on a typical English page are among 150 common stop words. The small lexicon permits word-shape based recognition that yields word identities from which character prototypes can be extracted. This paper describes a fast procedure for locating the best candidates for those stop words. The procedure uses width statistics of individual words and their immediate neighbors. In an experiment using 400 page images, the method removed 63% of the words from consideration. The stop/nonstop word discrimination also assists keyword spotting for information retrieval.
Nucleation and Growth of Microtubules from γ-Tubulin-Functionalized Gold Surfaces (2006)

Microtubules are protein filaments that are emerging as potential building blocks in manufacturing nanoscale structures and systems such as interconnecting nanowires. Future development in using microtubules necessitates a control of their nucleation and growth. We report the controlled nucleation and growth of microtubules from functionalized gold on a hydrophilic oxidized silicon wafer. The gold substrate is functionalized with gamma-tubulin, a natural nucleating agent for microtubule growth. We show that the attached gamma-tubulin retains its biological functionality and leads to nucleation and assembly of microtubules from the functionalized gold surface. We also analyze the interplay between the geometry of the nucleating substrates and the morphology of microtubules arrays and networks grown from them. We consider two geometrical arrangements of the substrates: (a) a square lattice of small gold pads on a hydrophilic oxidized silicon wafer and (b) a large flat surface. Fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy are employed to provide a detailed characterization of the length and morphology of the nucleated and grown microtubules. The observed microtubule morphologies are modeled, analyzed and discussed within the context of reaction-diffusion and nucleation controlled processes.
Effects on Eye-Fixation-Related Potential of a Driver's Conversation and Visual Search (2010)

This paper describes the effects of a driver’s conversation and visual search on eye-fixation-related potential (EFRP). Experiments are conducted with a driving simulator. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is performed when the participants were assigned a driving task and a cognitive task concurrently. Cognitive tasks include conversation, visual search, and manipulation of a mobile phone. EFRP is calculated by averaging the EEG waves whose offsets are determined by saccadic eye movements. The amplitude of the EFRP signal is used for estimating the level of a driver’s distraction. The results show that the amplitude of lambda response in EFRP decreases when considerable attention is required to execute a cognitive task. Simulation results using the obtained ERRP data are also discussed.
Highly efficient parallel ATPG based on shared memory (2010)

To leverage the computing power of multicore machines in ATPG, we developed a highly efficient parallel ATPG system based on dynamic fault partition and shared memory. The system takes advantage of built-in efficiency of parallel search to achieve good performance speedup with no sacrifices in pattern quality or test coverage.
Direct ethanol production from cellulosic materials using a diploid strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiaewith optimized cellulase expression (2011)

We have developed diploid yeast strain optimized for expression of cellulolytic enzymes, which is capable of directly fermenting from cellulosic materials. Although this is a proof-of-concept study, it is to our knowledge, the first report of ethanol production from agricultural waste biomass using cellulolytic enzyme-expressing yeast without the addition of exogenous enzymes. Our results suggest that combining multigene expression optimization and diploidization in yeast is a promising approach for enhancing ethanol production from various types of lignocellulosic biomass.
Development of the Selective Hydrophobic Coagulation process. Seventh quarterly technical progress report, April 1, 1993--June 30, 1993 (1993)

A novel technique for selectively coagulating and separating coal from dispersed mineral matter has been developed at Virginia Tech. The process, known as Selective Hydrophobic Coagulation (SHC), has been studied under the sponsorship of the US Department of Energy since 1986 (Contracts DE-AC22-86PC91221 and DE-AC22-90PC90174). The SHC process differs from oil agglomeration, shear flocculation, polymer flocculation, and electrolytic coagulation processes in that it does not require reagents or additives to induce the formation of coagula. Often, simple pH control is all that is required to (i) induce the coagulation of coal particles, and (ii) effectively disperse particles of mineral matter. When the coal is superficially oxidized, a small dosage of reagents may be used to promote coagulation. During the quarter, work was completed on the development of the hydrophobic interaction energy function (Subtask 2.1) and the extended DLVO equation (Subtask 2.2.). Work to predict optimum operating conditions using the extended DLVO equation (Subtask 2.3) is underway. In Task 3 -- Process Development, work was completed on the study to determine the effect of mixing on coagula growth (Subtask 3.2) and on the use of column flotation for the recovery of coal coagula (subtask 3.3.4). Work is underway on the use of the lamella thickener and filter for the recovery of coagula (Subtasks 3.3.1 and 3.3.2).
New applications of hermetic storage for grain storage and transport (2010)

Recent evolution of pesticide-free post harvest hermetic storage for dry commodities as now used in 38 countries is described, and its current application in the storage of grain and other commodities is discussed and illustrated. Results of studies carried out on the protection of seeds, rice, maize, wheat, pulses, cocoa and coffee are presented. Plastic structures suitable for long-term storage systems have been developed and applied. The growing number of types of flexible hermetic containers for various needs, especially in tropical conditions, is documented. Types of hermetic containers include: 1) Portable containers of 60-kg to 2-tonne, called SuperGrainbags TM which are suitable for seed storage in bulk; 2) Bulk storage for household or farm use and daily withdrawal of grain of   1-tonne called Grainsafe II TM ; 3) Flexible enclosures of 5- to 1000-tonne capacity termed storage cubes or Cocoons TM , designed for storage at the farmer-cooperative and small trader level or larger commercial and strategic storage facilities; 4) Hermetic Bunker storage for longterm storage in bulk of 10,000- to 20,000-tonnes; 5) TranSafeliner TM provide quality preservation, insect control, and prevention of condensation during shipment of bagged commodities in containers across intercontinental distances. Recent applications for wheat storage in bunkers in Jordan, and cocoa storage in West Africa, and the growing use of hermetic liners for intercontinental shipments of a variety of commodities, are described. Key performance parameters for safe storage in the face of elevated humidity and temperature in preventing growth of molds and the survival of insects for dry and wet commodities are discussed. Economic analysis is provided for representative applications, including rice, maize and cocoa. Keywords : Hermetic storage, Modified atmospheres, Quality preservation, Storage insect control, Flexible storage structures
Large-Scale Single Guide RNA Library Construction and Use for CRISPR–Cas9-Based Genetic Screens (2016)

The ability to systematically disrupt genes serves as a powerful tool for understanding their function. The programmable CRISPR–Cas9 system enables efficient targeting of large numbers of genes through the use of single guide RNA (sgRNA) libraries. In cultured mammalian cells, collections of knockout mutants can be readily generated by means of transduction of Cas9–sgRNA lentiviral pools, screened for a phenotype of interest, and counted using high-throughput DNA sequencing. This technique represents the first general method for undertaking systematic loss-of-function genetic screens in mammalian cells. Here, we introduce the methodology and rationale for conducting CRISPR-based screens, focusing on distinguishing positive and negative selection strategies.
Direct chemical synthesis of 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxy[26,27-3H]vitamin D3 with high specific activity: its use in receptor studies (1980)

The first direct chemical synthesis of radiolabeled 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is reported. Unlike all previous syntheses, the new approach does not rely on enzymatic 1 alpha-hydroxylation of radiolabeled precursors. Rather, isotope is introduced in the last synthetic step by reaction of [3H]-methylmagnesium bromide with methyl 1 alpha-hydroxy-26,27-dinorvitamin D3-25-carboxylate to give 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy-[26,27-3H]vitamin D3 with a specific activity of 160 Ci/mmol. Mass spectroscopy confirmed that the radiohormone consists of a single isomer with six tritium atoms bound to carbons 26 and 27. Synthetically produced 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy[26,27-3H]vitamin D3 is indistinguishable from 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy-[26,27-3H]vitamin D3 obtained from the enzymatic 1 alpha-hydroxylation of 25-hydroxy[26,27-3H]vitamin D3 (160 Ci/mmol) by high-pressure liquid chromatography analysis and in the competitive binding assay using chick intestinal cytosol as the receptor source. Equilibrium dissociation constant measurements with the high specific activity radiohormone indicate a Kd of 8.2 x 10(-11) M for the chick intestinal cytosol 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor--a value considerably lower than the constants in the range of (1-5) x 10(-9) M previously reported.
Physically-based real-time animation of draped cloth (2002)

We propose a new physically-based model for real-time animation of draped cloth which not only speeds up the rendering greatly, but also maintains visually appealing results. Our simplified model is represented as a grid object composed of mass points connected by semi-rigid rods, whose behavior is governed by non-rigid dynamics. The longitudinal (vertical) and latitudinal (horizontal) directions of our model are decoupled and processed separately, and later combined to generate the final cloth. Moreover, we provide a uniform treatment of internal and external forces.
Whole Genome Analysis of Lactobacillus plantarum Strains Isolated From Kimchi and Determination of Probiotic Properties to Treat Mucosal Infections by Candida albicans and Gardnerella vaginalis (2019)

Three <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> strains ATG-K2, ATG-K6, and ATG-K8 were isolated from Kimchi, a Korean traditional fermented food, and their probiotic potentials were examined. All three strains were free of antibiotic resistance, hemolysis, and biogenic amine production and therefore assumed to be safe, as supported by whole genome analyses. These strains demonstrated several basic probiotic functions including a wide range of antibacterial activity, bile salt hydrolase activity, hydrogen peroxide production, and heat resistance at 70°C for 60 s. Further studies of antimicrobial activities against <i>Candida albicans</i> and <i>Gardnerella vaginalis</i> revealed growth inhibitory effects from culture supernatants, coaggregation effects, and killing effects of the three probiotic strains, with better efficacy toward <i>C. albicans</i>. <i>In vitro</i> treatment of bacterial lysates of the probiotic strains to the RAW264.7 murine macrophage cell line resulted in innate immunity enhancement via IL-6 and TNF-α production without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment and anti-inflammatory effects via significantly increased production of IL-10 when co-treated with LPS. However, the degree of probiotic effect was different for each strain as the highest TNF-α and the lowest IL-10 production by the RAW264.7 cell were observed in the K8 lysate treated group compared to the K2 and K6 lysate treated groups, which may be related to genomic differences such as chromosome size (K2: 3,034,884 bp, K6: 3,205,672 bp, K8: 3,221,272 bp), plasmid numbers (K2: 3, K6 and K8: 1), or total gene numbers (K2: 3,114, K6: 3,178, K8: 3,186). Although more correlative inspections to connect genomic information and biological functions are needed, genomic analyses of the three strains revealed distinct genomic compositions of each strain. Also, this finding suggests genome level analysis may be required to accurately identify microorganisms. Nevertheless, <i>L. plantarum</i> ATG-K2, ATG-K6, and ATG-K8 demonstrated their potential as probiotics for mucosal health improvement in both microbial and immunological contexts.