gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protective Effects of Anthocyanins from Blackberry in a Rat Model of Acute Lung Inflammation (2003)

Anthocyanins are a group of naturally occuring phenolic compounds related to the coloring of plants, flowers and fruits. These pigments are important as quality indicators, as chemotaxonomic markers and for their antioxidant activities. Here, we have investigated the therapeutic efficacy of anthocyanins contained in blackberry extract (cyanidin-3-O-glucoside represents about 80% of the total anthocyanin contents) in an experimental model of lung inflammation induced by carrageenan in rats. Injection of carrageenan into the pleural cavity elicited an acute inflammatory response characterized by fluid accumulation which contained a large number of neutrophils as well as an infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in lung tissues and subsequent lipid peroxidation, and increased production of nitrite/nitrate (NOx) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). All parameters of inflammation were attenuated in a dose-dependent manner by anthocyanins (10, 30 mg kg(-1) 30 min before carrageenan). Furthermore, carrageenan induced an upregulation of the adhesion molecule ICAM-1, nitrotyrosine and poly (ADP-ribose) synthetase (PARS) as determined by immunohistochemical analysis of lung tissues. The degree of staining was lowered by anthocyanins treatment. Thus, the anthocyanins contained in the blackberry extract exert multiple protective effects in carrageenan-induced pleurisy.
90° coupling induced by exchange biasing in PtMn/CoFe10/CoFe2O4/CoFe10 films (2003)

We observe 90° coupling of the two CoFe10 layers in sputter-deposited PtMn/CoFe10/CoFe2O4/CoFe10 films, in which the first CoFe10 layer is exchange biased to PtMn. The 90° coupling of the two CoFe10 layers is induced by the unidirectional anisotropy of the CoFe10 pinned layer, since it is absent in the as-deposited sample, exhibiting no exchange biasing. We observe that the coupling changes from 90° to collinear for increasing CoFe2O4 thickness or by inserting a thin Al layer between the pinned layer and CoFe2O4 layer. A model, which can qualitatively explain the observed behavior by assuming magnetic roughness due to spin-frustration at the CoFe2O4/CoFe10 interfaces is proposed. The observed effect could potentially be used to set the easy axes of two ferromagnetic layers in device structure perpendicular to each other in a single annealing step, for example, the flux closure layer and the in-stack biasing layer in spin or tunnel valves with in-stack biasing.
<i>Salmonella</i> test positive and negative carcinogens show different effects on intrachromosomal recombination in G<sub>2</sub> cell cycle arrested yeast cells (1995)

There is considerable controversy about the extrapolation of results obtained with high doses of chemicals in long-term and animal carcinogenesis studies to the low doses human beings are exposed to. In the present study, we compare the effect of Salmonella test positive carcinogens, ethyl methanesulfonate, methyl methanesulfonate, 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide and gamma-rays versus Salmonella test negative carcinogens, benzene, safrole, urethane, thiourea and carbon tetrachloride over a dose range of 10(4)-fold on the frequency of intrachromosomal recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This short-term test is positive with both kinds of carcinogens. The Salmonella test negative carcinogens safrole, benzene and carbon tetrachloride induced intrachromosomal recombination to much higher levels in G2 arrested cells compared to growing cells; the reverse was true for the Salmonella test positive carcinogens. The Salmonella test positive carcinogens caused an almost linear dose response for induction of intrachromosomal recombination starting at a dose 100- to 1000-fold below the lowest toxic dose. In contrast, all Salmonella test negative carcinogens showed a sharp threshold below which no effect was detected, and the first effective dose for induction of intrachromosomal recombination was the first toxic dose.
Overcoming challenges in WAVE bioreactors without feedback controls for pH and dissolved oxygen (2011)

Abstract The biopharmaceutical industry is increasing its use of the WAVE Bioreactor for culturing cells. Although this disposable bioreactor can be equipped to provide real‐time pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) monitoring and control, our goal was to develop a process for culturing CHO cells in this system without relying on pH and DO feedback controls. After identifying challenges in culturing cells without controlling for pH and DO in the WAVE Bioreactor, we characterized O 2 and CO 2 transfer in the system. From these cell‐free studies, we identified rock rate and rock angle as key parameters affecting O 2 transfer. We also identified the concentration of CO 2 in the incoming gas and the rate of gas flow into the headspace as key parameters affecting CO 2 transfer—and therefore pH—in the disposable culture chamber. Using a full‐factorial design to evaluate the rock rate, rock angle, and gas flow rate defined for this WAVE Bioreactor process, we found comparable cell growth and pH profiles in the ranges tested for these three parameters in two CHO cell lines. This process supported cell growth, and maintained pH and DO within our desired range—pH 6.8–7.2 and DO exceeding 20% of air saturation—for six CHO cell lines, and it also demonstrated comparable cell growth and viability with the stirred‐tank bioreactor process with online pH and DO control. By eliminating the use of pH and DO probes, this process provides a simple and more cost‐effective method for culturing cells in the WAVE Bioreactor. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2011
Rangeland nomadic culture of the Yugur(II)——Production culture of the Yugur (2012)

It is very important to study the rangeland nomadic culture of the Yugur for protecting the ecological environment in Qilian Mountains,strengthening the economical development in Sunan.Based on the literatures regarding the Yugur culture,it could be proved that the Yugur is an old-line nomadic nationality.Traditionally,they mainly have been engaged in the animal husbandry and with supplements of hunting and farming.They lived in the grassland area along the Altai and the north part of Irtysh River and migrated in many areas in central and northern Asia and the northwestern part of China.Suffered from the epidemic murrain,continuous wars and natural disasters during the middle period of 16th century to 16th century,they had to migrated to the east.A part of them lived on animal husbandry along Qilian Mountains and the rest lived on farming in oasis areas.They have their own traditional handicraft industry.
Object-oriented on-line network analysis (1995)

Object-oriented programming has gained widespread acceptance, as its advantages of flexibility and ease of maintenance have been recognized. In power systems analysis, its use in developing graphical user interfaces and database managers have become quite popular. Object-oriented numerical applications, However, pose an interesting problem because solution algorithms often require the manipulation of abstract mathematical objects that may not have physical interpretations (e.g., elements of a factorized matrix), and moreover, may be specific to the numerical algorithm used. This paper presents a method for online network analysis using only physically based objects, the same ones that are routinely used in database and user interface applications. It is shown that power network analysis, specifically topology processing and power flow, is feasible using message passing between physical objects but some compromise in computation speed is needed to achieve it.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Stochastic inversion by matching to large numbers of pseudo-wells (2016)

ABSTRACT We have developed a 1D stochastic algorithm for estimating reservoir properties, based on matching large numbers of pseudo-wells to seismic angle stacks. The pseudo-wells are part deterministic and part stochastic 1D stratigraphic profiles with consistent elastic and reservoir properties. Pseudo-wells are sampled from a prior distribution defined by the geological interpretation, a rock physics model and a model for the vertical statistics that provides close control of the lithofacies proportions. A new set of pseudo-wells, typically 103–104 tied to the local stratigraphy, is constructed for each seismic trace. Synthetics, derived from the pseudo-wells using extended elastic impedance, are matched to either one or two seismic angle stacks, and the best matches are selected and averaged to provide a joint estimate of reservoir properties and impedances and the associated uncertainties. The algorithm has been tested on a number of data sets and validated by blind well ties. The algorithm is 1D with no additional constraints on spatial correlation beyond that provided by the seismic data. This restricts the maximum frequency to that of the seismic; however, it makes the algorithm highly parallelizable, allowing for large data sets to be inverted in a few hours given adequate computing resources. We envisage that this inversion algorithm could form the first part of a two-step process with the output used to constrain subsequent geostatistical modeling.
Is the Open Way a Better Way? Digital Forensics Using Open Source Tools (2007)

The subject of digital forensics can be quite challenging. Digital forensics is in its infancy and teaching digital forensics includes the techniques as well as the tools that assist in the process. This article discusses the tools used in computer forensics, compares an open source tool to two commercial tools, and the advantages and disadvantages of all three tools in an academic environment. A team of four senior students sponsored by two faculty members established the project scope and requirements, presented three prototypes, and detailed the considerations of using open source tools. The same image was used to measure the performance of each software tool. The team found that the three tools provided the same results with different degrees of difficulty. The end results indicate that open source tools are a very good verification of evidence found using other products and should be included in the academic environment
Venture capital and innovation: tug of war (2021)

Although majority work within the field of innovation has revolved around the theme that venture capital supports innovation, a critical and convincing stream of literature has emerged; promoting a contrasting hypothesis. It is argued that venture capitalists do not promote innovation, but rather thwart it, presenting empirical evidence in support of their position. Therefore, a question remains unanswered: do venture capitalists support innovation, as prevailing literature argues, or do they thwart it? Therefore, the questions of how, why and if venture capital supports innovation, and the importance of the answers for policy, forms the basis of this article.
Toxicity of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 in rabbits (1984)

Strains of Staphylococcus aureus associated with toxic shock syndrome produce toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST 1), which is lethal to conventional rabbits and acts synergistically with gram-negative lipopolysaccharide. The lethal effect of TSST 1 was examined in specific-pathogen-free rabbits on the basis that these rabbits, being less colonized by gram-negative bacteria, would be less susceptible than conventional animals. Although there was no significant difference in mortality between specific-pathogen-free and conventional rabbits in response to 100 micrograms of TSST 1, there was a difference in response between Dutch belted rabbits and New Zealand white rabbits. Both specific-pathogen-free and conventional New Zealand white rabbits were more susceptible to TSST 1 than the Dutch belted strain. Pretreatment of conventional New Zealand white rabbits with polymyxin B neutralized the lethal effect of TSST 1.
Short-wave infrared excited SERS (2010)

Optimisation of colloidal properties allows Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) to be recorded from a range of analytes at 1546 nm, demonstrating the potential of SERS for use in a wavelength region of particular value for applications such as homeland security.
Anticipation in the Synchronization of Chaotic Semiconductor Lasers with Optical Feedback (2001)

The synchronization of chaotic semiconductor lasers with optical feedback is studied numerically in a one-way coupling configuration, in which a small amount of the intensity of one laser (master laser) is injected coherently into the other (slave laser). A regime of anticipated synchronization is found, in which the intensity of the slave laser is synchronized to the future chaotic intensity of the master laser. Anticipation is robust to small noise and parameter mismatches, but in this case the synchronization is not complete. It is also shown that anticipated synchronization occurs in coupled time-delay systems, when the coupling has a delay that is less than the delay of the systems.
Identification of Amino Acid Residues in the ETS Transcription Factor Erg That Mediate Erg-Jun/Fos-DNA Ternary Complex Formation (2001)

Jun, Fos, and Ets proteins belong to distinct families of transcription factors that target specific DNA elements often found jointly in gene promoters. Physical and functional interactions between these families play important roles in modulating gene expression. Previous studies have demonstrated a direct interaction between the DNA-binding domains of the two partners. However, the molecular details of the interactions have not been investigated so far. Here we used the known three-dimensional structures of the ETS DNA-binding domain and Jun/Fos heterodimer to model an ETS-Jun/Fos-DNA ternary complex. Docking procedures suggested that certain ETS domain residues in the DNA recognition helix alpha3 interact with the N-terminal basic domain of Jun. To support the model, different Erg ETS domain mutants were obtained by deletion or by single amino acid substitutions and were tested for their ability to mediate DNA binding, Erg-Jun/Fos complex formation, and transcriptional activation. We identified point mutations that affect both the DNA binding properties of Erg and its physical interaction with Jun (R367K), as well as mutations that essentially prevent transcriptional synergy with the Jun/Fos heterodimer (Y371V). These results provide a framework of the ETS/bZIP interaction linked to the manifestation of functional activity in gene regulation.
On-demand removable hydrogels based on photolabile cross-linkings as wound dressing materials (2019)

Because of their complex and evolving characteristics, burn wounds always need repeated treatments to gradually and specifically re-expose the wound for further care, which cause pain to patients and reinjury to newly formed tissues. Thus, it is highly desirable to remove wound dressings in a controllable, painless, noninvasive, and facile way. Herein, we synthesized a photocleavable polyethylene glycol (PEG) crosslinker, and prepared a series of hydrogels by mixing this cross-linker with glycol chitosan (GC) in different ratios. In situ gelation occurred within 2 min, which was beneficial for hydrogels to be injected to the wound site and cover irregular shapes. The hydrogels were destroyed upon exposure to UVA light, which was noninvasive and could spatiotemporally control their breakdown, leading to the on-demand, noninvasive, and controllable removal of the hydrogels. The hydrogels also showed good swelling, suitable mechanical properties and adhesive strength. Moreover, the cytotoxicity assay demonstrated the good cytocompatibility of the precursors and degradation products. This photo-triggered on-demand removal will provide a promising method to alleviate pain during dressing change and facilitate future wound care.
Perforation of graphite in boiling mineral acid (2012)

Abstract Perforation of graphite is carried out by treating the graphite oxide with a boiling mineral acid H 2 SO 4 or H 3 PO 4 . High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy shows formation of a large number of vacancy defects (holes) in the graphene sheets, which are caused more likely by the CO 2 liberation during the reduction process. The characteristic size of the holes is about 2 nm. The obtained materials are comparatively examined by X‐ray diffraction, Raman and IR‐absorption spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron and near‐edge X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. It is found that the products obtained using a strong acid H 2 SO 4 and a weak acid H 3 PO 4 are different in the concentration and electronic state of oxygen and the mean distance between defects. magnified image Left, schematic representation of the perforated graphite (PG); right, NEXAFS OK‐edge spectra of the PG obtained using H 3 PO 4 and H 2 SO 4 acids demonstrate the different electronic state of oxygen in the samples.
Bioengineering and stem cells for corneal endothelial cell therapy (2013)

Abstract The global planetary scarcity for corneal donation pushes research teams to develop substitution strategies. The worldwide success of endothelial keratoplasty (EK) has profoundly simplified the paradigm of corneal bioengineering since the technical and biological requirements for EK is far simpler than for full thickness corneas. Two main concepts have recently emerged: bioengineered endothelial cell (EC) sheets inserted into the anterior chamber or EC suspension ready to be injected. Review of the literature and personal works from our laboratory of corneal bioengineering. According to the local availability of donors, researchers either focus on the optimization of the use of human corneas or on the development of alternative substitutes comprising transformation of primarily non‐ocular human cell types (hECS, hIPS or MSC) and bioartificial or animal decellularized substrates as a carrier. We chose to use only human tissues and developped different methods able to multiply the EK available. With femtosecond laser cut, 5 to 7 EK seemed feasible with 1 donor. We also patented a corneal bioreactor helpful during the bioengineering process itself as well as for preclinical validation of the new advanced therapeutic medicinal products on ex vivo human corneas. Numerous proofs of concepts have been obtained and several preclinical animals studies done. The very first‐in‐man applications was done in Japan with injection of cultured EC. All these promising complementary strategies may constitute the tomorrow endothelial dysfunction treatments. Grants: ABM 2013, ANSM 2012, EFS 2012
Quantum wire and dot formation by chemical vapor deposition and molecular layer deposition of one-dimensional conjugated polymer (1992)

Using the reaction between two types of molecules, I [terephthalaldehyde (TPA)] and II [p-phenylenediamine (PPDA), 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether (DDE), 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfide (DDS), or 1,4-diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM)], we fabricate quantum wires and quantum dots by chemical vapor deposition. In the TPA/PPDA film, an exciton absorption peak occurs near 500 nm, indicating that long conjugated chains (quantum wire) are formed. In TPA/DDE, TPA/DDS, and TPA/DDM films, which have quantum dots consisting of three benzene rings separated by barriers of -O, -S-, and -CH2- bonds, blue shifts of the absorption band occur due to an electron confinement. We also demonstrate molecular layer deposition of the TPA/PPDA film.
웹 뉴스 댓글 기반 2014 브라질 월드컵 한국 축구 국가대표팀 관련 인물에 대한 감성분석 (2015)

최근 소셜 미디어의 사용이 증가되면서 온/오프라인을 통한 스포츠 조직 및 선수의 대중적 이미지에 대한 체계적인 관리가 필요한 상황이다. 본 연구의 목적은 웹 뉴스 댓글을 기반으로 2014 브라질 월드컵 기간 대중들에게 회자된 월드컵 관련 이슈를 탐지하고, 해당 경기 및 한국 축구대표팀 관련 인물에 대한 감성을 분석하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 Web Crawler를 통해 2014브라질월드컵과 관련된 웹 뉴스 댓글을 수집하여 형태소분석기를 이용해 전처리를 실시하였으며, 한국어 감성사전을 기반으로 브라질 월드컵 관련 감성단어 및 신조어를 추가하여 스포츠 감성사전을 구축하였다. 브라질 월드컵에서 대중들에게 회자된 주요 이슈는 ‘의리축구’, ‘한국의 무기력한 경기력’, ‘독일의 월드컵 우승’, ‘리오넬 메시의 활약’, 그리고 ‘네이마르의 부상’ 등으로 나타났다. 또한, 대중들에게 가장 관심을 받은 경기는 알제리 전이며, 버즈량은 경기 종료 1시간 후에 가장 높게 나타났다. 득점, 실점, 그리고 퇴장과 같은 이벤트 발생 시기는 인물 버즈량에 영향을 주지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 이근호 선수를 제외하고, 감성분석 대상자에 대한 대중들의 감성은 부정적인 여론이 상대적으로 높게 나타났으며, 알제리 전에 대한 대중들의 감성은 한국의 본선 경기 중 가장 부정적인 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 스포츠 산업에 적용한다면, 감성분석 결과는 새로운 스포츠마케팅의 적용과 대중들에게 긍정적인 여론을 얻을 수 있는 스포츠 광고모델 선정에 활용될 수 있을 것이다. 또한, 본 연구는 스포츠, IT, 그리고 미디어의 다학제 연구로서, 스포츠 융·복합 연구 활성화에 기여할 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.
Paneth cell α-defensins and enteric microbiota in health and disease (2015)

Antimicrobial peptides are major effectors of innate immunity of multicellular organisms including humans and play a critical role in host defense, and their importance is widely recognized. The epithelium of the intestine is the largest surface area exposed to the outer environment, including pathogens, toxins and foods. The Paneth cell lineage of intestinal epithelial cells produces and secretes α-defensin antimicrobial peptides and functions in innate enteric immunity by removing pathogens and living symbiotically with commensal microbiota to contribute to intestinal homeostasis. Paneth cells secrete α-defensins, HD5 and HD6 in humans and cryptdins in mice, in response to bacterial, cholinergic and other stimuli. The α-defensins have selective activities against bacteria, eliciting potent microbicidal activities against pathogenic bacteria but minimal or no bactericidal activity against commensal bacteria. Therefore, α-defensins regulate the composition of the intestinal microbiota in vivo and play a role in homeostasis of the entire intestine. Recently, relationships between dysbiosis, or abnormal composition of the intestinal microbiota, and diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and lifestyle diseases including obesity and atherosclerosis have been reported. Because α-defensins regulate the composition of the intestinal microbiota, Paneth cells and their α-defensins may have a key role as one mechanism linking the microbiota and disease.
Analysis of antibody reactivities toward self antigens of IgM of patients with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (1997)

By using a quantitative immunoblotting technique, we have analyzed the repertoires of antibody reactivities of IgM directed toward self antigens in the serum of patients with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM) and in the serum of healthy adults. Monoclonal IgM of patients with WM expressed various degrees of polyreactivity and a high degree of heterogeneity with regard to the number and the nature of the protein bands that were recognized in homologous tissue extracts. Heterogeneous patterns of reactivity of WM IgM contrasted with the conserved profiles of reactivity of IgM in the serum of healthy blood donors. Protein bands that were recognized by WM IgM belonged to the restricted set of self antigens recognized in homologous tissues by normal polyclonal IgM, indicating the absence of a disease-specific reactivity profile of monoclonal WM IgM. Thus, monoclonal IgM that is present in large amounts in WM distorts the homogeneous pattern of reactivity of natural antibodies with self antigens which characterizes the natural antibody repertoire of healthy individuals.