gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adult Bone Marrow Cell Therapy for Ischemic Heart Disease (2015)

Transplantation of adult BMCs improves LV ejection fraction, reduces infarct size, and ameliorates remodeling in patients with ischemic heart disease. These effects are upheld in the analyses of studies using magnetic resonance imaging and also after excluding studies with discrepant reporting of outcomes. BMC transplantation may also reduce the incidence of death, recurrent myocardial Infarction, ventricular arrhythmia, and cerebrovascular accident during follow-up.
Potentiating Functional Antigen-specific CD8+ T Cell Immunity by a Novel PD1 Isoform-based Fusion DNA Vaccine (2013)

Understanding and identifying new ways of mounting an effective CD8⁺ T cell immune response is important for eliminating infectious pathogens. Although upregulated programmed death-1 (PD1) in chronic infections (such as HIV-1 and tuberculosis) impedes T cell responses, blocking this PD1/PD-L pathway could functionally rescue the "exhausted" T cells. However, there exists a number of PD1 spliced variants with unknown biological function. Here, we identified a new isoform of human PD1 (Δ42PD1) that contains a 42-nucleotide in-frame deletion located at exon 2 domain found expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Δ42PD1 appears to function distinctly from PD1, as it does not engage PD-L1/PD-L2 but its recombinant form could induce proinflammatory cytokines. We utilized Δ42PD1 as an intramolecular adjuvant to develop a fusion DNA vaccine with HIV-1 Gag p24 antigen to immunize mice, which elicited a significantly enhanced level of anti-p24 IgG1/IgG2a antibody titers, and important p24-specific and tetramer⁺CD8⁺ T cells responses that lasted for ≥7.5 months. Furthermore, p24-specific CD8⁺ T cells remain functionally improved in proliferative and cytolytic capacities. Importantly, the enhanced antigen-specific immunity protected mice against pathogenic viral challenge and tumor growth. Thus, this newly identified PD1 variant (Δ42PD1) amplifies the generation of antigen-specific CD8⁺ T cell immunity when used in a DNA vaccine.
Photocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction to Formic Acid Using a Ru(II)–Re(I) Supramolecular Complex in an Aqueous Solution (2015)

In an aqueous solution, photophysical, photochemical, and photocatalytic abilities of a Ru(II)-Re(I) binuclear complex (RuReCl), of which Ru(II) photosensitizer and Re(I) catalyst units were connected with a bridging ligand, have been investigated in details. RuReCl could photocatalyze CO2 reduction using ascorbate as an electron donor, even in an aqueous solution. The main product of the photocatalytic reaction was formic acid in the aqueous solution; this is very different in product distribution from that in a dimethylformamide (DMF) and triethanolamine (TEOA) mixed solution in which the main product was CO. A (13)CO2 labeling experiment clearly showed that formic acid was produced from CO2. The turnover number and selectivity of the formic acid production were 25 and 83%, respectively. The quantum yield of the formic acid formation was 0.2%, which was much lower, compared to that in the DMF-TEOA mixed solution. Detail studies of the photochemical electron-transfer process showed back-electron transfer from the one-electron-reduced species (OERS) of the photosensitizer unit to an oxidized ascorbate efficiently proceeded, and this should be one of the main reasons why the photocatalytic efficiency was lower in the aqueous solution. In the aqueous solution, ligand substitution of the Ru(II) photosensitizer unit proceeded during the photocatalytic reaction, which was a main deactivation process of the photocatalytic reaction. The product of the ligand substitution was a Ru(II) bisdiimine complex or complexes with ascorbate as a ligand or ligands.
Credential management in event-driven healthcare systems (2008)

Health processes generate data that must be both stored and shared---often across organisational boundaris. Emerging initiatives in healthcare require the dynamic formation of care teams spanning widely-distributed, heterogeneous infrastructure. These environments suit decoupled communication paradigms such as publish/subscribe. Health information is sensitive, thus access control is critically important. This paper focuses on the management of credentials in event-driven healthcare environments. We describe the integration of credential management mechanisms with a context-sensitive data control model to provide fine-grained specification of data disclosure policy.
Field trials of low dose Bayluscide on snail hosts of schistosome and selected non-target organisms in sahelian Cameroon (2006)

More than 85% of all cases of schistosomiasis in Cameroon occur in the northern sahelian half of the country representing 20% of the population. Several workers have advocated the integrated approach to schistosomiasis control, including snail control, but the death and decay of aquatic organisms, and fish kill that often follows Bayluscide application at the dose of 1g/m³ decrease its acceptability. The present study was designed to assess the effect of lower Bayluscide doses on snail host and non-target fish, frog, the tadpole kill. Bayluscide was applied to study ponds at concentrations of 0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 g/m³ (ppm). Pre and post application assessment of snails hosts of schistosomes, fish, frog, and tadpole kill were carried out. All 0.25, 0.5, and 1 g/m³ Bayluscide concentrations reduced snail population significantly. Bayluscide concentration of 0.50 g/m³ applied in two rounds of 0.25 g/m³ resulted in high snail mortality and low lethality to fish, frogs, and tadpoles. Further studies are needed to assess the cost-effectiveness of Bayluscide in the control of schistosomiasis following the simplified approach.
A 22-Gb/s PAM-4 Receiver in 90-nm CMOS SOI Technology (2006)

We report a receiver for four-level pulse-amplitude modulated (PAM-4) encoded data signals, which was measured to receive data at 22 Gb/s with a bit error rate (BER) <10/sup -12/ at a maximum frequency deviation of 350 ppm and a 2/sup 7/-1 PRBS pattern. We propose a bit-sliced architecture for the data path, and a novel voltage shifting amplifier to introduce a programmable offset to the differential data signal. We present a novel method to characterize sampling latches and include them in the data path. A current-mode logic (CML) biasing scheme using programmable matched resistors limits the effect of process variations. The receiver also features a programmable signal termination, an analog equalizer and offset compensation for each sampling latch. The measured current consumption is 207 mA from a 1.1-V supply, and the active chip area is 0.12 mm/sup 2/.
Dynamic future knowledge maximum transmission unit (DFK-MTU) for optic wireless networks (2018)

Optic Wireless Networks (OWN) is the emerging field of interest because of its monumental bandwidth, energy efficiency, inherent security, low capital, and operating expenditure. Nevertheless, the OWN field is still in infancy and it is confronted with many challenges. Existing Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols do not take into consideration the physical properties of the OWN, hence they are deemed not suitable for OWN. The current Visible Light Communication (VLC) allows data transmission in contention and non-contention modes. The non-contention mode performs better in terms of packet loss and channel utilization. However, several issues such as Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU), and beacon duration need to be resolved in order to exploit potential benefits of non-contention mode. MTU size affects the performance of the network significantly. In this study, we present the Dynamic Future Knowledge Maximum Transmission Unit (DFK-MTU) algorithm for OWN. The proposed algorithm dynamically estimates the MTU size depending on the current content of the polling table and assigns each requesting node transmission slot by considering the requesting transmission size and the current MTU. Numerical results from our study show that the DFK-MTU enhances system utilization, and fairness.
An Object-Oriented Framework for Multimedia Composition and Synchronisation (1992)

Composition and synchronisation are discussed within an object-oriented framework for programming multimedia applications. The framework is based on a conceptual model of interconnectable multimedia components and can be used to construct complex multimedia applications involving audio, video and graphics.
Effective keyword-based selection of relational databases (2007)

The wide popularity of free-and-easy keyword based searches over World Wide Web has fueled the demand for incorporating keyword-based search over structured databases. However, most of the current research work focuses on keyword-based searching over a single structured data source. With the growing interest in distributed databases and service oriented architecture over the Internet, it is important to extend such a capability over multiple structured data sources. One of the most important problems for enabling such a query facility is to be able to select the most useful data sources relevant to the keyword query. Traditional database summary techniques used for selecting unstructured datasources developed in IR literature are inadequate for our problem, as they do not capture the structure of the data sources. In this paper, we study the database selection problem for relational data sources, and propose a method that effectively summarizes the relationships between keywords in a relational database based on its structure. We develop effective ranking methods based on the keyword relationship summaries in order to select the most useful databases for a given keyword query. We have implemented our system on PlanetLab. In that environment we use extensive experiments with real datasets to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed summarization method.
Post-translational modification of the tegument proteins (VP13 and VP14) of herpes simplex virus type 1 by glycosylation and phosphorylation (1991)

VP13 and VP14, major tegument proteins of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and the products of the UL47 gene, have been shown by partial proteolytic mapping to have closely related protein sequences. These proteins are phosphorylated in virus-infected cells, but not in preparations of purified virus. They also contain O-linked oligosaccharide units which include beta-1,4-N-acetyl galactosamine residues, as demonstrated by the binding of Dolichos biflorus lectin. This modification was detected only in purified virus and appears to be restricted to VP13/14 and VP22, another HSV-1 tegument protein.
Towards a Universal Sentiment Classifier in Multiple languages (2017)

Existing sentiment classifiers usually work for only one specific language, and different classification models are used in different languages. In this paper we aim to build a universal sentiment classifier with a single classification model in multiple different languages. In order to achieve this goal, we propose to learn multilingual sentiment-aware word embeddings simultaneously based only on the labeled reviews in English and unlabeled parallel data available in a few language pairs. It is not required that the parallel data exist between English and any other language, because the sentiment information can be transferred into any language via pivot languages. We present the evaluation results of our universal sentiment classifier in five languages, and the results are very promising even when the parallel data between English and the target languages are not used. Furthermore, the universal single classifier is compared with a few cross-language sentiment classifiers relying on direct parallel data between the source and target languages, and the results show that the performance of our universal sentiment classifier is very promising compared to that of different crosslanguage classifiers in multiple target languages.
Dual-view 3D displays based on integral imaging (2016)

We propose three dual-view integral imaging (DVII) three-dimensional (3D) displays. In the spatial-multiplexed DVII 3D display, each elemental image (EI) is cut into a left and right sub-EIs, and they are refracted to the left and right viewing zones by the corresponding micro-lens array (MLA). Different 3D images are reconstructed in the left and right viewing zones, and the viewing angle is decreased. In the DVII 3D display using polarizer parallax barriers, a polarizer parallax barrier is used in front of both the display panel and the MLA. The polarizer parallax barrier consists of two parts with perpendicular polarization directions. The elemental image array (EIA) is cut to left and right parts. The lights emitted from the left part are modulated by the left MLA and reconstruct a 3D image in the right viewing zone, whereas the lights emitted from the right part reconstruct another 3D image in the left viewing zone. The 3D resolution is decreased. In the time-multiplexed DVII 3D display, an orthogonal polarizer array is attached onto both the display panel and the MLA. The orthogonal polarizer array consists of horizontal and vertical polarizer units and the polarization directions of the adjacent units are orthogonal. In State 1, each EI is reconstructed by its corresponding micro-lens, whereas in State 2, each EI is reconstructed by its adjacent micro-lens. 3D images 1 and 2 are reconstructed alternately with a refresh rate up to 120HZ. The viewing angle and 3D resolution are the same as the conventional II 3D display.
Emerging pharmacotherapy for cancer patients with cognitive dysfunction (2013)

Advances in the diagnosis and multi-modality treatment of cancer have increased survival rates for many cancer types leading to an increasing load of long-term sequelae of therapy, including that of cognitive dysfunction. The cytotoxic nature of chemotherapeutic agents may also reduce neurogenesis, a key component of the physiology of memory and cognition, with ramifications for the patient's mood and other cognition disorders. Similarly radiotherapy employed as a therapeutic or prophylactic tool in the treatment of primary or metastatic disease may significantly affect cognition. A number of emerging pharmacotherapies are under investigation for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction experienced by cancer patients. Recent data from clinical trials is reviewed involving the stimulants modafinil and methylphenidate, mood stabiliser lithium, anti-Alzheimer's drugs memantine and donepezil, as well as other agents which are currently being explored within dementia, animal, and cell culture models to evaluate their use in treating cognitive dysfunction.
Photorespiration Redesigned (2010)

Photorespiration has been a target for crop improvement ever since the energy losses associated with this pathway were identified in the 1970s. However, recent research highlights the importance of photorespiration as a recycling pathway for the products of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) oxygenation and its intimate interconnection with primary metabolism. Nevertheless, reducing photorespiratory losses by installation of alternative salvage pathways in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) resulted in enhanced growth and biomass. Such approaches will probably also prove useful under field conditions, and in a future atmosphere containing higher CO2 concentrations combined with high temperature or limiting water.
Plant and fungus calmodulins are polyubiquitinated at a single site in a Ca<sup>2+</sup>‐dependent manner (1990)

In plants Ca2+ plays a crucial role as second messenger. Thus calmodulin is one of the most important signal transducing molecules for metabolic regulation in plants. Previously we showed that bovine testis calmodulin can be covalently coupled at one site to ubiquitin in a Ca2(+)-dependent manner in the presence of ATP/Mg2+ by ubiquityl-calmodulin synthetase. Since calmodulin from spinach has 13 amino acid sequence differences to bovine calmodulin - two of them in Ca2(+)-binding loops - it was unclear, whether a conjugation of ubiquitin to this molecule would be possible. In this paper it is shown that calmodulin from spinach and a similar calmodulin from the mold Neurospora crassa can be covalently conjugated to ubiquitin in a Ca2(+)-dependent manner. It is shown that higher molecular mass conjugates containing up to three ubiquitin molecules per calmodulin are obtained. Experiments with methylated ubiquitin demonstrate that, as with vertebrate calmodulins, only one lysine residue is linked to ubiquitin and that the incorporation of additional ubiquitin molecules leads to a polyubiquitin chain.
Characterization of a filamentous biofilm community established in a cellulose-fed microbial fuel cell (2008)

Bacteria affiliated with the Rhizobiales constituted the major population in the cellulose-fed MFC and exhibited unique morphology with filamentous appendages. They are considered to play important roles in the cellulose-degrading electrogenic community.
Adhesive bonding of fibre reinforced polymer composite materials (2000)

Fibre reinforced polymer composites (FRPs) are finding increasing usage in many industrial sectors. Adhesive bonding is often the most attractive joining technique for these materials in terms of structural efficiency and cost of manufacture. However, concerns regarding the lack of reliable design methods, the long term ageing behaviour and the difficulties in non‐destructive evaluation and repair of bonded joints has led to a reluctance to use adhesives in primary structures. DERA has been involved in the assessment of adhesive bonding for joining FRPs for many years. This paper focuses on investigations at DERA into the effects that environment and fatigue loading have on the performance of bonded composite joints, and briefly reviews current approaches to strength and lifetime prediction. It is seen that adhesively bonded composite joints can be significantly affected by the service environment, however, this is highly dependent on the joint type and materials involved.
Activation of extracellular matrix metalloproteases by proteases and organomercurials. (1992)

Extracellular matrix metalloproteases are synthesized as proenzymes and are activated by certain physiological agents after secretion into the extracellular space. The identity of these agents and the stimulus that elicits their response in vivo is only recently becoming clear, but a variety of agents or stimuli are capable of activating these metalloproteases in vitro also. Of these, the most well studied and characterized are trypsin, plasmin and the organomercurials. These agents appear to have in common an ability to disrupt the structure of the stable latent enzyme in such a way as to allow the generation of a proteolytic active site. In the case of organomercurial activation, intramolecular proteolytic cleavage of the amino-terminus of the enzyme occurs subsequent to generation of activity. A similar intramolecular process is seen with trypsin and plasmin activation except that it is initiated by a single trypsin or plasmin catalyzed cleavage in the amino-terminus prior to the autocatalytic cleavages. A possible explanation for organomercurial activation is that the mercurial disrupts a cysteinyl residue coordination bond with the active site zinc that prevents interaction with substrate. Disruption of this complex would allow productive enzyme-substrate interaction via the newly available coordination site. In addition, activated stromelysin is capable of increasing the specific activity of active interstitial collagenase by approximately ten-fold through what appears to be proteolytic removal of a small peptide.
Polycrystalline silicon/metal stacked gate for threshold voltage control in metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (2000)

A stack structure for the gate electrode of metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) transistors is proposed, analyzed, and simulated. The stack consists of a very thin polycrystalline silicon (polysilicon) layer and metal. By changing the thickness of the polysilicon layer, one can change the effective work function of the gate. Thus, the stacked-gate structure allows for a method to continuously adjust MOS field-effect transistor threshold voltage through gate work-function engineering while retaining the proven SiO2/polysilicon interface.
Lung carcinoid cell lines have Bombesin‐like peptides and EGF receptors (1990)

The biochemical properties of lung cancer cell lines were investigated. Bombesin-like peptides were present in three small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines examined and three of four lung carcinoids but not in five non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. Therefore SCLC and some lung carcinoids, but not NSCLC, are enriched in neuroendocrine properties. In contrast, 125I-EGF bound with high affinity to all five NSCLC cell lines and three of four lung carcinoids but not to the three SCLC cell lines examined. For lung carcinoid cell line NCI-H727, 125I-EGF bound with high affinity (Kd = 6 nM) to a single class of sites (Bmax = 110,000/cell). The 125I-EGF bound was rapidly internalized at 37 degrees C but not 4 degrees C. Using Western blot techniques and antiphosphotyrosine antibodies, EGF induced phosphorylation of a major 170 Kd protein. Using immunoprecipitation techniques and anti-EGF receptor antibodies a major 170 Kd protein was labeled. These data indicate that biologically active EGF receptors are present on NSCLC and lung carcinoid cell lines.
Investigation on the role of Joule heating on flash sintering using a combined experimental and modeling approach (2022)

Abstract Flash sintering is a novel technique of ultrafast densification. There is a continuous debate over the mechanisms that are responsible for such fast sintering. In this work, we have assessed the role of Joule heating and thermal runaway on densification using a combined experimental and modeling approach. First, flash sintering (FS) experiments have been carried out for three different oxides that have very different electrical and thermal conductivities, namely, 3‐ and 8‐mol% yttria‐stabilized zirconia and titania (TiO 2 ). Then, we modeled the densification during FS, for identical experimental conditions, using a novel combined finite element modeling and master sintering curve approach. The results obtained through experiment and modeling have been compared. Finally, our results show that ultrafast densification observed during FS cannot be replicated through Joule heating and thermal runaway alone at low current density (<100 mA/mm 2 ), suggesting that a contribution from other mechanisms is likely essential to explain the observed ultrafast densification. However, Joule heating and thermal runaway can account for the ultrafast densification at higher than 100 mA/mm 2 current density.
Managing the emerald ash borer in Canada (2007)

The Emerald ash borer, (EAB, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) continues to pose a major risk to Canadian urban and rural forests and parklands. EAB now occurs in four counties in southwestern Ontario. An estimated 1 million ash trees in Essex County, Ontario, and millions more in adjacent counties are in peril. Little natural resistance has been observed to this point in Canada.