gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient ARQ protocols with anti‐jamming coding for cognitive radios (2009)

Abstract We introduce simple yet efficient automatic retransmission request (ARQ) protocols in conjunction with two types of anti‐jamming coding techniques—rateless coding and piecewise coding—for protecting secondary users' data transmissions in cognitive radio systems. For piecewise coding, we propose to employ systematic codes to facilitate efficient selected retransmissions and design short codes to maximize secondary user throughput. For rateless coding, we consider a protocol that transmits new parity packets during retransmission and show that this scheme is stable if the jamming rate of the system is within a certain range. It is seen that for both anti‐jamming coding schemes, the corresponding simple ARQ protocols provide significant improvement in secondary user throughput. Moreover, the piecewise coding together with its ARQ protocol offers similar or better throughput performance compared with the rateless coding counterpart, without incurring the stability issue. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Performance evaluation of a novel reciprocation membrane bioreactor (rMBR) for enhanced nutrient removal in wastewater treatment: a comparative study (2015)

This study compared and evaluated the performance of a conventional membrane bioreactor (MBR) and a novel reciprocation MBR (rMBR) which used mechanical membrane reciprocation in place of membrane air scouring in pilot-scale tests. Each system was independently operated for 280 days at a local wastewater treatment plant for a parallel assessment of operating performance. The rMBR was found to be more effective than the MBR with regard to operating performance and energy consumption. Inertial forces created by the reciprocating motion shook foulants from the membrane surface. In addition, because of the looseness of the fibers, they moved relative to each other during reciprocation thus preventing sludge clogging inside the fiber bundle. Because the rMBR does not use aeration for membrane cleaning, the membrane tank in the rMBR maintained anoxic conditions, allowing endogenous denitrification in the membrane tank. The rMBR permeate contained an average of 1.7 mg/L total nitrogen (TN) with less than 1 mg/L NO(3)-N, while the TN concentration in the MBR permeate averaged 5 mg/L with 3.5 mg/L NO(3)-N. The specific energy consumption for membrane reciprocation in the rMBR was 0.064 kWh/m(3), while that for air scouring in the MBR was 0.19 kWh/m(3).
Electrical properties of retinal–electrode interface (2007)

A critical element of a retinal prosthesis is the stimulating electrode array, which is placed in close proximity to the retina. It is via this retinal-electrode interface that a retinal prosthesis electrically stimulates nerve cells to produce the perception of light. The impedance load seen by the current driver consists of the tissue resistance and the complex electrode impedance. The results in this paper show that the tissue resistance of the retina is significantly greater than that of the vitreous humor in the eye. Circuit models of the electrode-retina interface are used to parameterize the different contributors to the overall impedance.
Post-Growth Reduction of Basal Plane Dislocations by High Temperature Annealing in 4H-SiC Epilayers (2014)

Basal Plane Dislocations (BPD) were reduced in 4H-SiC epilayers by high temperature annealing in the range of 1600 °C to 1950 °C using two annealing techniques. Samples annealed at > 1750 °C showed almost complete elimination of BPDs propagating from the substrate. However, surface morphology was degraded for MW annealed samples above 1800 °C, with new BPDs being generated from the surface. A new capping technique was developed along with application of high N 2 overpressure to preserve the surface morphology and avoid formation of new BPDs.
Hydrophilic PDMS microchannels for high-throughput formation of oil-in-water microdroplets and water-in-oil-in-water double emulsions (2010)

Here we present a novel surface modification method based on the sequential layer-by-layer deposition of polyelectrolytes yielding hydrophilic microchannels in PDMS-based microfluidic devices. The coatings are long-term stable and allow for the generation of monodisperse oil-in-water microdroplets even several months after the channel surface treatment. Due to the robustness of the polyelectrolyte multilayers ultra-high flow rates can be applied, making high-throughput droplet formation in the jetting mode possible. Furthermore, we successfully used our method to selectively modify the surface properties in certain areas of assembled microchannels. The resulting partially hydrophilic, partially hydrophobic microfluidic devices allow for the production of monodisperse water-in-oil-in-water double emulsions.
Controlled Functional Encryption Revisited: Multi-Authority Extensions and Efficient Schemes for Quadratic Functions (2020)

Abstract In a Functional Encryption scheme (FE), a trusted authority enables designated parties to compute specific functions over encrypted data. As such, FE promises to break the tension between industrial interest in the potential of data mining and user concerns around the use of private data. FE allows the authority to decide who can compute and what can be computed, but it does not allow the authority to control which ciphertexts can be mined. This issue was recently addressed by Naveed et al., that introduced so-called Controlled Functional encryption (or C-FE), a cryptographic framework that extends FE and allows the authority to exert fine-grained control on the ciphertexts being mined. In this work we extend C-FE in several directions. First, we distribute the role of (and the trust in) the authority across several parties by defining multi-authority C-FE (or mCFE). Next, we provide an efficient instantiation that enables computation of quadratic functions on inputs provided by multiple data-owners, whereas previous work only provides an instantiation for linear functions over data supplied by a single data-owner and resorts to garbled circuits for more complex functions. Our scheme leverages CCA2 encryption and linearly-homomorphic encryption. We also implement a prototype and use it to showcase the potential of our instantiation.
Nanostructured double hydrophobic poly(styrene-b-methyl methacrylate) block copolymer membrane manufactured via a phase inversion technique (2016)

A simple strategy for preparation of nanostructured poly(styrene-<italic>b</italic>-methyl methacrylate) (PS-<italic>b</italic>-PMMA) block copolymer membranes <italic>via</italic> state-of-the-art phase inversion technique.
FG-3019 anti-connective tissue growth factor monoclonal antibody: results of an open-label clinical trial in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2016)

FG-3019 is a fully human monoclonal antibody that interferes with the action of connective tissue growth factor, a central mediator in the pathogenesis of fibrosis.This open-label phase 2 trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of two doses of FG-3019 administered by intravenous infusion every 3 weeks for 45 weeks in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Subjects had a diagnosis of IPF within the prior 5 years defined by either usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern on a recent high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan, or a possible UIP pattern on HRCT scan and a recent surgical lung biopsy showing UIP pattern. Pulmonary function tests were performed every 12 weeks, and changes in the extent of pulmonary fibrosis were measured by quantitative HRCT scans performed at baseline and every 24 weeks.FG-3019 was safe and well-tolerated in IPF patients participating in the study. Changes in fibrosis were correlated with changes in pulmonary function.Further investigation of FG-3019 in IPF with a placebo-controlled clinical trial is warranted and is underway.
A new filter-bank multicarrier system for QAM signal transmission and reception (2014)

A filter-bank multicarrier - quadrature amplitude modulation (FBMC-QAM) system with two prototype filters for transmitting QAM signal is proposed. The proposed transmitter performs separate filtering for the even-numbered sub-carrier symbols and the odd-numbered sub-carrier symbols. We derive the orthogonality conditions for a FBMC-QAM system without the intrinsic interference. In order to satisfy the suggested orthogonality conditions, we perform a kind of block interleaving for the odd-numbered sub-carrier filtering. The receiver structure is the counterpart to the transmitter. Numerical results showed that the proposed FBMC-QAM system has almost the same bit error rate (BER) performance compared to the FBMC-OQAM and the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. with the proposed FBMC-QAM, multiple-input multiple-output transmission schemes and channel estimation schemes can be utilized similarly as in OFDM.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Dopamine and Serotonin Transporter Inhibition by Oxacyclic and Carbacyclic Analogues of Methylphenidate (2003)

Methylphenidate (Ritalin) binds stereoselectively and enantioselectively to the dopamine transporter (DAT) and inhibits dopamine reuptake with in vitro and in vivo potency similar to that of cocaine. Unlike cocaine, it manifests little, if any, tolerance or addiction liability. Since this compound has a substantial clinical history, it provides an excellent template from which to design potential medications for cocaine abuse. It has long been assumed that a nitrogen, such as exists in cocaine and methylphenidate, is essential for interaction with monoamine transporters. We previously demonstrated that an amine nitrogen in phenyltropane analogues of cocaine is not necessary for conferring high DAT binding affinity. We now report the synthesis of oxacyclic and carbacyclic analogues of methylphenidate, including the four enantiomerically pure isomers of 2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(tetrahydropyran-2-yl)acetic acid methyl ester. The threo isomers are potent and selective inhibitors of the DAT. This is the first generalization of the principle that the presence of nitrogen is not a necessity for DAT inhibition.
A VISUAL FRAMEWORK FOR INTERACTION DETECTION IN SOCCER MATCHES (2010)

In the last decade, soccer video analysis has received a lot of attention from the scientific community. This increasing interest is motivated by the possible applications over a wide spectrum of topics: indexing, summarization, video enhancement, team and players statistics, tactics analysis, referee support, etc. The application of computer vision methodologies in the soccer context requires many problems to be faced: ball and players have to be detected in the images in any light and weather condition, they have to be localized in the field, tracked over time and finally their interactions have to be detected and analyzed. The latter task is fundamental, especially for statistic and referee decision support purposes, but, unfortunately, it has not received adequate attention from the scientific community and a lot of research remains to be done. In this paper a multicamera system is presented to detect the ball player interactions during soccer matches. The proposed method extracts, by triangulation from multiple cameras, the 3D ball and player trajectories and, by estimating the trajectory intersections, detects the ball-player interactions. An inference process is then introduced to determine the player kicking the ball and to estimate the interaction frame. The system was tested during several matches of the Italian first division football championship and experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method is robust and accurate.
Plant Phenotype Characterization System (2005)

This report is the final scientific report for the DOE Inventions and Innovations Project: Plant Phenotype Characterization System, DE-FG36-04GO14334. The period of performance was September 30, 2004 through July 15, 2005. The project objective is to demonstrate the viability of a new scientific instrument concept for the study of plant root systems. The root systems of plants are thought to be important in plant yield and thus important to DOE goals in renewable energy sources. The scientific study and understanding of plant root systems is hampered by the difficulty in observing root activity and the inadequacy of existing root study instrumentation options. We have demonstrated a high throughput, non-invasive, high resolution technique for visualizing plant root systems in-situ. Our approach is based upon low-energy x-ray radiography and the use of containers and substrates (artificial soil) which are virtually transparent to x-rays. The system allows us to germinate and grow plant specimens in our containers and substrates and to generate x-ray images of the developing root system over time. The same plant can be imaged at different times in its development. The system can be used for root studies in plant physiology, plant morphology, plant breeding, plant functional genomics and plant genotype screening.
Method of and device for speech signal coding and decoding by subband analysis and vector quantization with dynamic bit allocation (1991)

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Examining the utility of a laser device for measuring height in free-living adults and children (2015)

These data demonstrate that laser technology can be adapted to measure height in children and adults. Although refinement is needed, the laser device for measuring height merits further development.
Neural-Network Vector Controller for Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor Drives: Simulated and Hardware-Validated Results (2019)

This paper focuses on current control in a permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). This paper has two main objectives: the first objective is to develop a neural-network (NN) vector controller to overcome the decoupling inaccuracy problem associated with the conventional proportional-integral-based vector-control methods. The NN is developed using the full dynamic equation of a PMSM, and trained to implement optimal control based on approximate dynamic programming. The second objective is to evaluate the robust and adaptive performance of the NN controller against that of the conventional standard vector controller under motor parameter variation and dynamic control conditions by: 1) simulating the behavior of a PMSM typically used in realistic electric vehicle applications and 2) building an experimental system for hardware validation as well as combined hardware and simulation evaluation. The results demonstrate that the NN controller outperforms conventional vector controllers in both simulation and hardware implementation.
Closed-Loop Bias Control of Optical Quadrature Modulator (2006)

We describe a relatively simple but effective closed-loop bias control of LiNbO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> quadrature modulator (QM) for optical quaternary phase-shift-keyed (QPSK) transmission. Simulation and experimental results of the feedback control loop for maintaining near optimal operating points of the QM are described for 12.5-GSym/s optical QPSK. The control loop uses nonhigh-speed off-the-shelf components independent of the symbol rate. Similar performance of the control loop at higher symbol rates using the same components is expected
Type S Non Ribosomal Peptide Synthetases for the rapid generation of tailor-made peptide libraries (2021)

Abstract Bacterial natural products in general, and non-ribosomally synthesized peptides in particular, are structurally diverse and provide us with a broad range of pharmaceutically relevant bioactivities. Yet, traditional natural product research suffers from rediscovering the same scaffolds and has been stigmatized as inefficient, time-, labour- and cost-intensive. Combinatorial chemistry, on the other hand, can produce new molecules in greater numbers, cheaper and in less time than traditional natural product discovery, but also fails to meet current medical needs due to the limited biologically relevant chemical space that can be addressed. Consequently, methods for the high throughput generation of new-to-nature natural products would offer a new approach to identifying novel bioactive chemical entities for the hit to lead phase of drug discovery programms. As a follow-up to our previously published proof-of-principle study on generating bipartite type S non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs), we now envisaged the de novo generation of non-ribosomal peptides (NRPs) on an unreached scale. Using synthetic zippers, we split NRPS in up to three subunits and rapidly generated different bi- and tripartite NRPS libraries to produce 49 peptides, peptide derivatives, and de novo peptides at good titres up to 145 mgL -1 . A further advantage of type S NRPSs not only is the possibility to easily expand the created libraries by re-using previously created type S NRPS, but that functions of individual domains as well as domain-domain interactions can be studied and assigned rapidly.
Towards Optimal Network Planning for Software-Defined Networks (2018)

Supporting on-line and adaptive traffic engineering in software-defined networks entails the fast, robust control message forwarding from software-defined switches to the controller(s). In-band control using the existing infrastructure is cost-efficient, but imposes a substantial barrier to timely transmissions of control messages. Also, due to the limited computational capability of a single controller, only the use of multiple controllers is practically viable for large-scaled networks. Therefore, in this paper, the optimal software-defined network planning is investigated with multi-controllers. First, the network planning problem is formulated as a nonlinear multi-objective optimization, which aims to simultaneously minimize the number of controllers and the control traffic delay for each switch. This planning problem is then partitioned into two sub-problems, i.e., multi-controller placement and control traffic balancing, which are respectively solved by the proposed fast-convergent algorithms. Furthermore, an adaptive feedback control mechanism is proposed to iteratively work out the two sub-problems and enable the dynamic network replanning, subject to the time-varying traffic volume and network topology. Simulations validate the adaptivity of our control scheme, which significantly reduces delay with maximum throughput for control flows, brings minimal impact to normal data flows, and requires the minimum controllers.
Read Range Sensitivity of Embedded RFID Tags in Commercial Tires (2016)

ABSTRACT Radiofrequency (RFID) identification is a commonly used technology in retail stores, highway toll payment transceivers, payment cards for mass transit systems, electronic access cards for office buildings, and many other applications. The use of RFID in tires can increase efficiencies of tracking manufacturing, distribution, retreading, and tire usage, resulting in reduced costs. Previous research has shown difficulty in obtaining a useful read range from RFID tags in tires, although most of these studies have involved passenger car tires that do not have steel body plies. In this work, commercially available RFID tags with helical dipole antennas were embedded into commercial tires of four different sizes. The difference in size between the largest and smallest tire used was 10%. These commercial tires have steel belts as well as steel body plies. Other than dimensions, all of the tires had identical tire constructions and used the same rubber compounds. Identical tags were embedded at the same location in all tires. Measurements were performed on multiple tires per size, which show that the read range of the helical dipole antenna has a high sensitivity to tire size. The sensitivity of the read range due to tire size is undesirable, because it means that sufficient read range may not be achieved in all tire constructions with the same tag.
Long range eye tracking (2012)

The demand for improved human computer interaction will lead to increasing adoption of eye tracking in everyday devices. For interaction with devices such as Smart TVs, the eye tracker must operate in more challenging environments such as the home living room. In this paper we present a non-contact eye tracking system that allows for freedom of viewer motion in a living room environment. A pan and tilt mechanism is used to orient the eye tracker, guided by face tracking information from a wide-angle camera. The estimated point of gaze is corrected for viewer movement in realtime, avoiding the need for recalibration. The proposed technique achieves comparable accuracy to desktop systems near the calibration position of less than 1° of visual angle and accuracy of less than 2° of visual angle when the viewer moved a large distance, such as standing or sitting on the other side of the couch. The system performance achieved was more than sufficient to operate a novel, hands-free Smart TV interface.
A broadband left-handed (LH) coupled-line backward coupler with arbitrary coupling level (2003)

A novel broadband left-handed (LH) coupled-line backward coupler with arbitrary coupling level is presented. This coupler is composed of two LH transmission lines (TL) constituted of series interdigital capacitors and shunt shorted-stub inductors. A quasi-0dB implementation of the coupler is demonstrated by simulation and measurement results, and shown to exhibit a bandwidth of 35% despite the relatively wide lines-gap of 0.3mm. An even/odd modes analysis is presented to explain the working principle of the component. A 3dB-quadrature implementation, with 37% bandwidth, is also demonstrated. Finally, parametric results illustrate the versatility of the LH coupler and its strongly enhanced backward coupling compared with the conventional coupled-line coupler.
The therapeutic potential of human olfactory-derived stem cells. (2006)

Stem cells from fetal and adult central nervous system have been isolated and characterized, providing populations for potential replacement therapy for traumatic injury repair and neurodegenerative diseases. The regenerative capacity of the olfactory system has attracted scientific interest. Studies focusing on animal and human olfactory bulb ensheathing cells (OECs) have heightened the expectations that OECs can enhance axonal regeneration and repair demyelinating diseases. Harvest of OECs from the olfactory bulb requires highly invasive surgery, which is a major obstacle. In contrast, olfactory epithelium (OE) has a unique regenerative capacity and is readily accessible from its location in the nasal cavity, allowing for harvest without lasting damage to the donor. Adult OE contains progenitors responsible for the normal life-long continuous replacement of neurons and supporting cells. Culture techniques have been established for human OE that generate populations of mitotically active neural progenitors that form neurospheres (Roisen et al., 2001; Winstead et al., 2005). The potential application of this technology includes autologous transplantation where minimal donor material can be isolated, expanded ex vivo, and lineage restricted to a desired phenotype prior to/or after re-implantation. Furthermore, these strategies circumvent the ethical issues that arise with embryonic or fetal tissues. The long term goal is to develop procedures through which a victim of a spinal cord injury or neurodegenerative condition would serve as a source of progenitors for his/her own regenerative grafts, avoiding the need for immunosuppression and ethical controversy. In addition, these cells can provide populations for pharmacological and/or diagnostic evaluation.