gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Compilation-based software performance estimation for system level design (2002)

The paper addresses embedded software performance estimation. Known approaches use either behavioral simulation with timing annotations, or a clock cycle-accurate model of instruction execution (e.g., an instruction set simulator). We propose a hybrid approach, that features both the high simulation speed and flexibility from the former approach and the awareness of compilation optimizations and processor features of the latter. The key idea is to translate the assembler generated by a target compiler to an "assembler-level", functionally equivalent, C code. This code, annotated with timing and other execution related informations, is used as a very precise, yet fast, software simulation model. The approach is used in Cadence VCC, a system-level design environment. We report a comparison of several known approaches, the description of the new methodology, and experimental results, that show the effectiveness of the proposed method. We also propose several improvements.
Minimizing analyte electrolysis in an electrospray emitter (2001)

The electrospray (ES) ion source is a controlled-current electrolytic flow cell. Electrolytic reactions in the ES emitter capillary are continually ongoing to sustain the production of charged droplets and ultimately gas-phase ions from this device. Under certain circumstances, the analytes under study may be directly involved in these electrolytic processes. It is demonstrated that a simple means to minimize analyte electrolysis is to exchange the normal metal emitter capillary of commercial ES sources with one made of fused silica. This change is shown to provide an ES mass spectrometric system of similar performance in terms of gas-phase ion signal generated for non-electroactive analytes and also assures minimal oxidation of electroactive analytes even at low (2.0 microl x min(-1)) solution flow-rates and high (millimolar) solution electrolyte concentrations.
Multispectral Imaging System and Differentiation Algorithm for Online Inspection of Poultry Carcasses (2008)

A line-scan machine vision system was developed and evaluated for differentiation of wholesome and systemically diseased chickens on a high-speed processing line. Scanning the surfaces of chicken carcasses on an eviscerating line at a speed of 140 birds per minute, the machine vision system could automatically recognize birds entering and exiting the field of view of the camera, and locate the region of interest (ROI) of the chicken surface for analysis instead of scanning the whole carcass for analysis. The results showed that the ROI for differentiating these chickens should be on the chicken breast with ROI size varying according to the carcass size. From the ROI, the relative reflectance values from the key wavebands were extracted for input to the differentiation method. The differentiation method calculated the possibility for a carcass to be systemically diseased. A threshold value was determined based on the experimental result. The carcass was classified as systemically diseased when its calculated possibility was higher than or equal to the threshold. Each carcass was identified as wholesome or systemically diseased immediately upon the carcasss exit from the field of view and before the following carcass was scanned. The machine vision system was developed and evaluated in March of 2007, and was re-evaluated in July of 2007 to ensure that the system can function continuously over extended periods of time. The high accuracy and reliability of the results showed that the system and the algorithms can be applied successfully to online chicken inspection.
A Rapid Method for the Functionalisation of Polymer Supports for Solid Phase Oligonucleotide Synthesis (1995)

Abstract A rapid method is described for the covalent anchoring of appropriately protected 2′-deoxyribonucleoside-3′-O-succinates to LCAA-CPG, widely used support for solid phase oligonucleotide synthesis. The method involves the reaction of nucleoside-3′-O-succinates with aminoalkyl functions of the support in the presence of improved and commercially available condensing reagent, TBTU or TPP-DTNP to generate fully functionalised polymer supports with excellent nucleoside loadings.
Chalcogenide Glass Thin Films and Planar Waveguides (2005)

Over the past decade, we have carried out a comprehensive development program to produce high‐purity Ga:La:S and Ge:S glasses and further process these glasses into thin films. In this paper, we discuss the general properties of these glass systems and the techniques used to obtain thin films. We demonstrate the ability to deposit high‐quality films ranging in thickness from nanometers to several millimeters by several methods, including chemical vapor deposition technique, a technique not usually applied to chalcogenide glasses.
High-throughput sensing of freely flowing particles with optomechanofluidics (2016)

High-Q photonic microcavity sensors have enabled the label-free measurement of nanoparticles, such as single viruses and large molecules, close to the fundamental limits of detection. However, key scientific challenges persist: (1) photons do not directly couple to mechanical parameters such as mass density, compressibility, or viscoelasticity, and (2) current techniques cannot measure all particles in a fluid sample due to the reliance on random diffusion to bring analytes to the sensing region. Here, we present a new, label-free microfluidic optomechanical sensor that addresses both challenges, enabling, for the first time, the rapid photonic sensing of the mechanical properties of freely flowing particles in a fluid. Sensing is enabled by optomechanical coupling of photons to long-range phonons that cast a near-perfect net deep inside the device. Our opto-mechano-fluidic approach enables the measurement of particle mass density, mechanical compressibility, and viscoelasticity at rates potentially exceeding 10,000 particles/second. Uniquely, we show that the sensitivity of this high-Q microcavity sensor is highest when the analytes are located furthest from the optical mode, at the center of the device, where the flow is fastest. Our results enable till-date inaccessible mechanical analysis of flowing particles at speeds comparable to commercial flow cytometry.
Storage Workload Identification (2016)

Storage workload identification is the task of characterizing a workload in a storage system (more specifically, network storage system—NAS or SAN) and matching it with the previously known workloads. We refer to storage workload identification as “workload identification” in the rest of this article. Workload identification is an important problem for cloud providers to solve because (1) providers can leverage this information to colocate similar workloads to make the system more predictable and (2) providers can identify workloads and subsequently give guidance to the subscribers as to associated best practices (with respect to configuration) for provisioning those workloads. Historically, people have identified workloads by looking at their read/write ratios, random/sequential ratios, block size, and interarrival frequency. Researchers are well aware that workload characteristics change over time and that one cannot just take a point in time view of a workload, as that will incorrectly characterize workload behavior. Increasingly, manual detection of workload signature is becoming harder because (1) it is difficult for a human to detect a pattern and (2) representing a workload signature by a tuple consisting of average values for each of the signature components leads to a large error. In this article, we present workload signature detection and a matching algorithm that is able to correctly identify workload signatures and match them with other similar workload signatures. We have tested our algorithm on nine different workloads generated using publicly available traces and on real customer workloads running in the field to show the robustness of our approach.
Genetic Analysis of Imidazolinone Resistance in Mutation‐Derived Lines of Common Wheat (2004)

The imidazolinone herbicides possess high biological potency at low application rates, and thus are an attractive alternative for weed control. The induction of genes conferring resistance by mutagenesis could facilitate the use of imidazolinones as an alterative weed control system in spring wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Six M 3:6 spring wheat lines resistant to imidazolinone herbicides were identified following seed mutagenesis and were selected for genetic study. The lines were designated as 1A, 9A, 10A, 11A, 15A, and 16A. BW755 carries a previously characterized partially dominant resistance gene ( FS‐4 ). On the basis of analysis of F 1 , F 2 , backcross (BC) 1 F 1 and F 2:3 populations, resistance in lines 1A, 9A, 10A, 11A, and 16A is a partially dominant trait inherited as a single nuclear gene. Resistance in TealIMI 15A is dominant and is inherited as two independent nuclear‐coded genes. Allelism studies indicated that resistance genes in 1A, 9A, 10A, 16A, and one of the resistance genes in 15A are allelic to FS‐4 All crosses between resistant lines and 11A produced segregating F 2 and F 2:3 populations suggesting the presence of a unique resistance gene in 11A. The resistance genes were named on the basis of the recommended rules for gene symbolization in wheat. The FS‐4 allele was redesignated as Imi1 The resistance gene in 11A and the second resistance gene in 15A were designated as Imi2 and Imi3, respectively. Results from these studies indicate that higher levels of imidazolinone resistance in wheat could be achieved by stacking two or more genes into a single genotype.
Orthogonal trap time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer using a collisional damping chamber (2004)

We report a new hybrid mass spectrometer, which is a combination of a quadrupole ion trap and an orthogonal time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. This new configuration consists of a collisional-damping chamber (CDC) inserted between an MSn-capable ion trap and a high-mass-accuracy orthogonal-TOF mass spectrometer. Because the CDC converted an ion packet into an energy-focused and quasi-continuous beam, a high mass resolution of over 10,000 and a high mass accuracy of better than 3 ppm were achieved. Moreover, the ratio of the maximum detectable m/z to the minimum detectable m/z, which is referred to here as the mass window, was improved to more than 10.
ACHIEVING LONG-TERM BIAS STABILITY IN HIGH-Q INERTIAL MEMS BY TEMPERATURE SELF-SENSING WITH A 0.5 MILLICELCIUS PRECISION (2012)

We present long-term bias drift compensation in high-quality (Q) factor MEMS gyroscopes using real-time temperature selfsensing. The approach takes advantage of linear temperature dependence of the drive-mode resonant frequency for selfcompensation of temperature-induced sense-mode drifts. The approach was validated by a vacuum packaged silicon quadruple mass gyroscope, with signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) enhanced by isotopic Q-factors of 1.2 million. Owing to high Q-factors, a measured frequency stability of 0.01 ppm provided a temperature self-sensing precision of 0.0004 C, on par with the state-of-the-art MEMS resonant thermometers. Real-time self-compensation yielded a total bias error of 0.5 /hr and total scale-factor error of 700 ppm over temperature variations. This enabled repeatable long-term rate measurements required for MEMS gyrocompassing with a milliradian azimuth precision.
Immobilization of diverse foreign proteins in viral polyhedra and potential application for protein microarrays (2005)

Cypoviruses are insect viruses that produce a cytoplasmic crystalline particle called the polyhedron in which progeny virions are occluded. The virion structural protein, VP3, is implicated in the occlusion of viral particles into polyhedra. In this study, we determined the amino acid sequence of VP3 required for occlusion of viral particles into polyhedra and proposed that this sequence could be used as an immobilization signal to direct the stable incorporation of foreign proteins into polyhedra. A large-scale survey revealed that the immobilization signal could, in fact, direct the incorporation of a variety of human proteins into polyhedra. Immune reactivity and protein-protein interactions were detected on the surface of polyhedra containing immobilized foreign proteins, and these particles were shown to be highly stabilized against dehydration. We showed that these particles could be arrayed onto a glass slide by standard spotting and laser manipulation methods. Thus, this approach is well suited for protein expression, purification, and the development of protein microarrays.
Intravenous treatment of choroidal neovascularization by photo-targeted nanoparticles (2019)

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the major cause of vision loss in wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Current therapies require repeated intravitreal injections, which are painful and can cause infection, bleeding, and retinal detachment. Here we develop nanoparticles (NP-[CPP]) that can be administered intravenously and allow local drug delivery to the diseased choroid via light-triggered targeting. NP-[CPP] is formed by PEG-PLA chains modified with a cell penetrating peptide (CPP). Attachment of a DEACM photocleavable group to the CPP inhibits cellular uptake of NP-[CPP]. Irradiation with blue light cleaves DEACM from the CPP, allowing the CPP to migrate from the NP core to the surface, rendering it active. In mice with laser-induced CNV, intravenous injection of NP-[CPP] coupled to irradiation of the eye allows NP accumulation in the neovascular lesions. When loaded with doxorubicin, irradiated NP-[CPP] significantly reduces neovascular lesion size. We propose a strategy for non-invasive treatment of CNV and enhanced drug accumulation specifically in diseased areas of the eye.
Solar cell calibration for the Pico Satellite solar cell testbed (PSSC Testbed) space flight experiment (2008)

The results of this preflight calibration of the measurement electronics and the individual solar arrays will allow corrections to be made to flight data for determining the actual degradation of the test solar cells as a result of exposure to the space environment.
New Alternative to Animal Models for Surgical Training (2004)

Laboratory training models are essential for developing and refining surgical skills, especially in microsurgery. A perfect training model is the one that can provide the same situation during surgery, in the same anatomy; the closer to live surgery the model is, the greater the benefit. The lack of an accurate vascular model has sometimes necessitated the use of live models when bleeding, and vascular liquid filling is desired for optional learning. We developed a new model utilising human cadavers that can replace the use of live anaesthetised animals for surgical training. The vessels in a cadaveric specimen were connected to artificial blood reservoirs. The arterial side was connected to a pump to provide pulsating pressure inside the arteries, while the venous side was kept under static pressure that applied to the reservoir. This method provides a condition that simulates live surgery in terms of bleeding, pulsation and liquid filling of the vascular tree. It is an excellent alternative model and can be applied to the whole cadaver or to a particular cadaveric specimen (head, arm, leg) or to an isolated organ. It is distinctive and of a great practical value for training in a wide range of surgical procedures, Utilising this technique could forever eliminate the use of live anaesthetised animals for surgical training. The model and device are patent pending application no. 10/339,053.
Fast and accurate personal authentication using ear acoustics (2016)

This paper presents a biometric personal-authentication method that exploits acoustic characteristics of human ears. It transmits a probe signal into the ear and receives its reflection, which contains personal identity information about the shape of the ear canal. Based on a study of effective and efficient acoustic feature representation and the use of audio equipment suitable for acquiring features with low within-individual variability, the proposed method achieves a promising equal error rate of 0.97% with only 12 feature components. A prototype system for Android smartphones is also presented.
Efficient simultaneous rounding method removing sticky-bit from critical path for floating point addition (2002)

Processing flow of the conventional floating point addition/subtraction operation consists of several steps, i.e., alignment, addition/subtraction, normalization, and rounding stages in this order. A floating adder/subtractor performing addition/subtraction and IEEE rounding in parallel was presented where any additional execution time nor any high speed adder for rounding operation was not required. But, the sticky-bit, which is generated at the alignment stage, is included in the critical path delay. In this research, a technique to remove the sticky-bit generation from the critical path is proposed. Its hardware model and correctness proofs are provided and evaluated. The proposed floating point adder provides effectiveness in the points of chip area and its execution time.
Ferroelectric liquid crystal tunable filters (1989)

Rapidly tunable optical filters have applications in remote sensing, signal processing, colorimetry, color displays, and communications. In this paper we present simulation and experimental results of electronically tunable filter structures employing smectic A * electroclinic and smectic C * liquid crystals. The first FLC tunable filter demonstrated 1 used smectic C * material in a Lyot filter 2 geometry and was discretely tunable between two bands centered at 440 and 660 nm. Current research aimed at making continuously tunable structures with narrow bandwidths, tunability over a free spectral range, high throughput, and large aperture is described. Computer simulations are used to analyze the devices using network synthesis techniques. 3
Regiospecific total synthesis of 6-deoxyanthracyclines: 4-demethoxy-6-deoxydaunorubicin (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRegiospecific total synthesis of 6-deoxyanthracyclines: 4-demethoxy-6-deoxydaunorubicinSergio Penco, Francesco Angelucci, Federico Arcamone, Marzia Ballabio, Giovanna Barchielli, Giovanni Franceschi, Antonino Suarato, and Ermes VanottiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 3, 405–406Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00151a033https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00151a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views72Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Structure Based Design, Synthesis, Pharmacophore Modeling, Virtual Screening, and Molecular Docking Studies for Identification of Novel Cyclophilin D Inhibitors (2014)

Cyclophilin D (CypD) is a peptidyl prolyl isomerase F that resides in the mitochondrial matrix and associates with the inner mitochondrial membrane during the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition. CypD plays a central role in opening the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore (mPTP) leading to cell death and has been linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Because CypD interacts with amyloid beta (Aβ) to exacerbate mitochondrial and neuronal stress, it is a potential target for drugs to treat AD. Since appropriately designed small organic molecules might bind to CypD and block its interaction with Aβ, 20 trial compounds were designed using known procedures that started with fundamental pyrimidine and sulfonamide scaffolds know to have useful therapeutic effects. Two-dimensional (2D) quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) methods were applied to 40 compounds with known IC50 values. These formed a training set and were followed by a trial set of 20 designed compounds. A correlation analysis was carried out comparing the statistics of the measured IC50 with predicted values for both sets. Selectivity-determining descriptors were interpreted graphically in terms of principle component analyses. These descriptors can be very useful for predicting activity enhancement for lead compounds. A 3D pharmacophore model was also created. Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out for the 20 trial compounds with known IC50 values, and molecular descriptors were determined by 2D QSAR studies using the Lipinski rule-of-five. Fifteen of the 20 molecules satisfied all 5 Lipinski rules, and the remaining 5 satisfied 4 of the 5 Lipinski criteria and nearly satisfied the fifth. Our previous use of 2D QSAR, 3D pharmacophore models, and molecular docking experiments to successfully predict activity indicates that this can be a very powerful technique for screening large numbers of new compounds as active drug candidates. These studies will hopefully provide a basis for efficiently designing and screening large numbers of more potent and selective inhibitors for CypD treatment of AD.
Functionalization of the Internal Surface of Pure-Silica MFI Zeolite with Aliphatic Alcohols (2008)

The functionalization of the internal surface of pure-silica MFI zeolite using aliphatic alcohols (1-butanol and 1-hexanol) is reported. Calcined MFI nanoparticles (50, 100, 200, and 500 nm in size) are treated with neat 1-butanol and 1-hexanol under reflux conditions. The 1-butanol loadings on 200 and 500 nm particles are determined to be 0.7 mmol/g SiO2 by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and are similar to the tetrapropylammonium (TPA) template content of the as-made nanoparticles. 13C cross-polarization magic-angle spinning (CP-MAS) NMR and TGA data suggest that the observed 1-butanol loading is strongly correlated with the concentration of internal silanol defect sites. In addition, significantly higher 1-butanol loadings on 50 nm (1.1 mmol/g SiO2) and 100 nm (0.93 mmol/g SiO2) MFI nanoparticles reflect the concurrent functionalization of silanols on the external surfaces of the nanoparticles. These results are in systematic agreement with theoretical estimates that consider both internal and external surface functionalization sites. MFI nanoparticles (50, 100, and 300 nm) treated with 1-hexanol result in 1.34, 1.28, and 1.14 mmol/g SiO2 of 1-hexanol content, respectively, levels that are higher than expected from consideration of the results of butanol treatment. These higher organic loadings of 1-hexanol may imply the existence of additional physisorbed 1-hexanol molecules trapped between other 1-hexanol molecules within the zeolite micropores and/or the formation of dimeric/oligomeric complexes by hydrophobic interactions between the hexyl groups. 13C/29Si MAS and CP-MAS NMR investigations suggest that the organic groups are covalently bonded to the internal silanol defect sites, consistent with previous work on the chemisorption of methanol in MFI.