gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigations of different Function Allocations in SA Systems enabled by IEC 61850 (2007)

At least since 2006 the standard IEC 61850 for communication in substations is in commercial use providing interoperability in substation automation systems between devices from different suppliers. Its approach is based on the split between applications and communication, functions and implementation and, therefore, supports also the free allocation of functions to IEDs. This allows the question for an optimal allocation regarding the functional requirements of SA, its impact on the communication system, performance of functions, engineering effort and reliability, and on the cost level. Common SA systems are some mix between a total centralized and decentralized allocation providing the well- known functions on station, bay and process level. The two extreme solutions are positioned and it is evaluated if the common mix is an optimal one. The result is a proposal for the best allocation of existing functions to IEDs. Depending on given functional requirements and not too strict boundary conditions, improvements are possible exploiting the full capabilities of IEC 61850, if accepted.
Probestin, a new inhibitor of aminopeptidase M, produced by Streptomyces azureus MH663-2F6. I. Taxonomy, production, isolation, physico-chemical properties and biological activities. (1990)

Probestin has been isolated as part of a program designed to find microorganism-produced inhibitors of aminopeptidase M from Streptomyces azureus MH663-2F6. It was purified by use of column chromatography of Amberlite XAD-4, silica gel, YMC-gel, Toyopearl HW-40, YMC D-ODS-5 (HPLC) and then isolated as colorless powders. Probestin is competitive with the substrate, and the inhibition constant (Ki) of it was 1.9 x 10(-8) M.
N-Sulfonyl-Sulfilimines as Premature Vulcanization Inhibitors (1980)

Abstract N-Sulfonyl-sulfilimines which undergo a thermal elimination to form N-alkyl (or aryl)thiosulfonamides act as premature vulcanization inhibitors, apparently by the same mechanism as the thiosulfonamides. S,S-di(isopropyl)-N-( p -toluenesulfonyl) sulfilimine was of particular interest due to its good inhibitory activity, ease of preparation, excellent stability, and resistance to bloom.
"Holey" optical fibers: cages for light (2003)

Optical fibers with air holes in their cross-section can deliver previously unimaginable performance. They represent an alternative fiber technology which is at a relatively early stage of development, but which can already outperform conventional fibers in certain respects. Photonic crystal fibers provide a wonderful arena for scientists in disciplines such as nonlinear optics and fiber design.
Recent Developments of Nb-doped Anatase TiO2 Transparent Conductors (2008)

Recent developments of Nb-doed anatase TiO2 (TNO) transparent conductors are reported. We have successfully fabricated highly conductive (resistivity : 9.510 -4 `cm) and visibly transparent (transmittance : 60-80%) TNO polycrystalline films by annealing a sputter-deposited amorphous phase. This is the first step toward the practical use of this material. Transport properties of the annealed films were found to strongly depend on the sputter conditions for growing amorphous ones. Low temperature deposition of reduced amorphous phases seems to be a key for fabricating highly conductive TNO in polycrystalline thin films.
Matrix Factorization on GPUs with Memory Optimization and Approximate Computing (2018)

Matrix factorization (MF) discovers latent features from observations, which has shown great promises in the fields of collaborative filtering, data compression, feature extraction, word embedding, etc. While many problem-specific optimization techniques have been proposed, alternating least square (ALS) remains popular due to its general applicability (e.g. easy to handle positive-unlabeled inputs), fast convergence and parallelization capability. Current MF implementations are either optimized for a single machine or with a need of a large computer cluster but still are insufficent. This is because a single machine provides limited compute power for large-scale data while multiple machines suffer from the network communication bottleneck.
A 1.2-GS/s 8-bit two-step SAR ADC in 65-nm CMOS with passive residue transfer (2015)

A hybrid 2b-1b/cycle, two-step asynchronous SAR ADC exploiting the passive residue transfer technique is reported in this paper. The removal of the residue amplifier results in much savings in the time and power consumed for the residue transfer process. Moreover, the 2b-1b/cycle conversion scheme assisted by the asynchronous time allocation during the bit cycles further enhances the conversion speed. Fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process, the prototype ADC measured an SNDR of 43.7 dB and an SFDR of 58.1 dB for a near Nyquist input. The total power consumption of the ADC is 5.0 mW and the achieved FoM is 35 fJ/conversion-step, all measured at a sample rate of 1.2 GS/s.
Network-Cognizant Voltage Droop Control for Distribution Grids (2017)

This paper examines distribution systems with a high integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) and addresses the design of local control methods for real-time voltage regulation. Particularly, the paper focuses on proportional control strategies where the active and reactive output-powers of DERs are adjusted in response to (and proportionally to) local changes in voltage levels. The design of the voltage-active power and voltage-reactive power characteristics leverages suitable linear approximations of the AC power-flow equations and is network-cognizant; that is, the coefficients of the controllers embed information on the location of the DERs and forecasted non-controllable loads/injections and, consequently, on the effect of DER power adjustments on the overall voltage profile. A robust approach is pursued to cope with uncertainty in the forecasted non-controllable loads/power injections. Stability of the proposed local controllers is analytically assessed and numerically corroborated.
Modeling of Through-Silicon Via (TSV) Interposer Considering Depletion Capacitance and Substrate Layer Thickness Effects (2014)

To support the recent progress in 3-D integration based on through-silicon via (TSV) technology, an improved electromagnetic modeling method for TSVs is presented. In the framework of the mixed-potential integral equations combined with cylindrical modal basis functions, the proposed method can extract the effects of depletion capacitances and a finite substrate. To include the effects of depletion region generated by an external dc bias voltage, an additional capacitive cell is employed around a TSV. The proposed method also considers the effect from the finite silicon substrate accurately by employing the multilayered Green's functions. To reduce the computational cost for calculations involving Green's functions, a method to approximate Green's functions over localized intervals when computing partial potential coefficients is presented. The proposed method is validated for simple TSV examples and shows an improved accuracy with the acceptable usage of memory and simulation time. In addition, a 10 × 10 TSV array is modeled using different design parameters, showing the capability for dealing with larger size problems using this method.
Stable New Sensitizer with Improved Light Harvesting for Nanocrystalline Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells (2004)

A new heteroleptic polypyridyl ruthenium complex (see Figure) with a high molar extinction coefficient has been synthesized. The complex is demonstrated to be a highly efficient, stable sensitizer for nanocrystalline dye-sensitized solar cells. For a newly developed dye, the achievement of 10.2 % power conversion efficiency is very encouraging.
Amazon SageMaker Automatic Model Tuning: Scalable Gradient-Free Optimization (2021)

Tuning complex machine learning systems is challenging. Machine learning typically requires to set hyperparameters, be it regularization, architecture, or optimization parameters, whose tuning is critical to achieve good predictive performance. To democratize access to machine learning systems, it is essential to automate the tuning. This paper presents Amazon SageMaker Automatic Model Tuning (AMT), a fully managed system for gradient-free optimization at scale. AMT finds the best version of a trained machine learning model by repeatedly evaluating it with different hyperparameter configurations. It leverages either random search or Bayesian optimization to choose the hyperparameter values resulting in the best model, as measured by the metric chosen by the user. AMT can be used with built-in algorithms, custom algorithms, and Amazon SageMaker pre-built containers for machine learning frameworks. We discuss the core functionality, system architecture, our design principles, and lessons learned. We also describe more advanced features of AMT, such as automated early stopping and warm-starting, showing in experiments their benefits to users.
Linkage Analysis in a Family with Dominantly Inherited Torsion Dystonia: Exclusion of the Pro-Opiomelanocortin and Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Genes and Other Chromosomal Regions Using DNA Polymorphisms (1986)

A search for the defective gene causing torsion dystonia has been carried out in a family manifesting an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance of this movement disorder. Complete neurologic examination and establishment of lymphoblast lines have been carried out for over 50 members. Linkage analysis, using cloned DNA sequences and restriction fragment length polymorphisms, was evaluated by the LOD score method with requisite assumptions for mode of inheritance, age-of-onset and incomplete gene penetrance. Genes for pro-opiomelanocortin and glutamic acid decarboxylase, which have been implicated in the etiology of the disease in rat models, were excluded as being responsible for the disease state in this family. Other regions of the genome were also excluded using DNA probes for other genes and random "unique" sequences.
Long‐term cannabidiol treatment in patients with Dravet syndrome: An open‐label extension trial (2018)

This trial shows that long-term CBD treatment had an acceptable safety profile and led to sustained, clinically meaningful reductions in seizure frequency in patients with treatment-resistant DS.
III-Nitride Multi-Quantum-Well Light Emitting Structures with Selective Carrier Injection (2019)

Incorporation into the multi-layered active region of a semiconductor light-emitting structure specially designed intermediate carrier blocking layers (IBLs) allows efficient control over the carrier injection distribution across the structure’s active region to match the application-driven device injection characteristics. This approach has been successfully applied to control the color characteristics of monolithic multi-color light-emitting diodes (LEDs). We further exemplify the method’s versatility by demonstrating the IBL design of III-nitride multiple-quantum-well (MQW) light-emitting diode with active quantum wells uniformly populated at LED operational current.
<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> spoIIIE Protein Required for DNA Segregation During Asymmetric Cell Division (1994)

Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis begins with an asymmetric cell division, producing a smaller prespore and a larger mother cell, both of which contain intact copies of the chromosome. The spoIIIE gene is required for chromosome segregation into the prespore compartment. The effects of the spoIIIE36 mutation on sigma F-dependent transcription are an indirect consequence of the failure of certain genes to enter the cellular compartment in which their transcription factor has become active. SpoIIIE may also be required to prevent sigma F from becoming active in the mother cell.
Frequency selectivity of spin Hall magnetoresistance sensor and its applications in eddy current testing (2021)

Recently, we have developed a spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR) sensor using the spin–orbit torque effective field as the built-in linearization mechanism, which allows us to achieve a linear, zero-offset, and low-noise magnetic field sensor without any dedicated magnetic bias. In this work, we examine the response of the SMR sensor to a time-varying magnetic field and demonstrate that its inherent frequency selectivity makes it uniquely suited for applications in eddy current testing. By applying a square wave current to both the coil and the sensor, and with the help of principal component analysis, we show that it is possible to detect surface cracks on an aluminum plate with dimensions down to 0.2 mm, without the need to use any sophisticated detection circuitry.
Adhesion and Structure Properties of Protein Nanomaterials Containing Hydrophobic and Charged Amino Acids (2006)

Protein polymers are being used or considered for biobased adhesives and coating materials. Most adhesives derived from macro protein molecules work through receptors or cross-links to bring about adhesion. The adhesion mechanism of protein polymers would lead to better understanding of adhesives and the discovery of new practical properties of protein polymers at both nano- and macro-scales. The objective of this research work was to study adhesion properties of protein polymers at nanoscale (a peptide adhesive with nanometer-scale units that range in size of several nanometers, defined as protein nanomaterial). Seven protein nanomaterial samples with different degrees of adhesive strength were designed and synthesized using solid phase chemistries. All protein nanomaterials contain a common hydrophobic core flanked by charged amino acid sequences. The adhesion properties of the protein nanomaterials were investigated at different pH values and curing temperatures. The protein nanomaterials self aggregate and interact with the wood surface. The protein nanomaterial KKK-FLIVIGSII-KKK identified in this study had high adhesive strength toward wood. It had the highest shear strength at pH 12, with an amino acid sequence that was very hydrophobic and uncharged. This protein nanomaterial underwent structural analyses using circular dichroism, laser-Fourier transform infrared, and laser desorption mass spectrometry. At pH 12 this peptide adopted a pH-induced beta-like conformation. Adhesive strength reflects contributions of both hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions. Ionic and covalent bonds do not appear to be significant factors for adhesion in this study.
Suppressing quantum circuit errors due to system variability (2022)

We present a quantum circuit optimization technique that takes into account the variability in error rates that is inherent across present day noisy quantum computing platforms. This method can be run post qubit routing or post-compilation, and consists of computing isomorphic subgraphs to input circuits and scoring each using heuristic cost functions derived from system calibration data. Using an independent standard algorithmic test suite we show that it is possible to recover on average nearly 40% of missing fidelity using better qubit selection via efficient to compute cost functions. We demonstrate additional performance gains by considering qubit placement over multiple quantum processors. The overhead from these tools is minimal with respect to other compilation steps, such as qubit routing, as the number of qubits increases. As such, our method can be used to find qubit mappings for problems at the scale of quantum advantage and beyond.
Tensile and Fatigue Properties of Friction Stir Processed NiAl Bronze (2007)

Friction stir processing (FSP) produced local microstructural refinement in cast Ni Al Bronze. The refined microstructure quality was evaluated with mechanical property characterization using monotonic tension and fatigue testing as a function of FSP raster patterns. Modifying the cast NiAl bronze with FSP resulted in a 140 - 172 % increase in yield strength, and a 40 - 57% increase in tensile strength. Changing the raster pattern from a linear to a rectangular spiral raster increased the tensile elongations by 40 - 134%. This increase in elongation was attributed to increased microstructural uniformity through the depth of the FSP raster. The ability to transfer FSP technology was demonstrated with consistent tensile property data produced by three different laboratories. Fatigue characterization (both uniaxial and rotating-bending fatigue) showed that FSP improved the cast NiAl bronze fatigue resistance. Both types of fatigue testing showed differences in fatigue resistance as a function of processing parameters.
Utilization of Nucleotide Probes in Elisa Procedure for the Quantitative Determination of Baculovirus Titer (2006)

Abstract The present work is the development of a simple, rapid, and universally applicable titration method that involves the direct detection of the viral DNA‐binding protein (DBP) gene derived from Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcNPV DBP) as a target for quantitative titer determination of baculovirus and the use of biotin specific probes directed to viral DBP gene. The procedure entails the amplification of the AcNPV DBP gene by using the PCR technique in the presence of digoxigenin‐11‐dUTP from the negative control (non‐infected) and infected samples, and the synthesis of the specific biotin label nucleotide probes directed to the AcNPV DBP gene. These specific probes are then used in the Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) using the immobilized streptavidin on polystyrene microtitration plates for the quantitative determination of baculovirus titer. The plot of O.D.λ=405 nm against the log of the titer (pfu/mL) generated a straight line. The linear range for titer determination of baculovirus was between 102 and 105 pfu/ml−1 for 50 µl of supernatant. Moreover, because of the 96% homology of sequences concerning DBP gene between Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) and AcNPV, specific biotin label nucleotide probes obtained from this procedure could be used as a universal tool for titer determination of both viruses. Keywords: Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirusDNA‐binding proteinpolymerase chain reactionenzyme linked immunosorbent assayquantitative determinationbaculovirus titer
A multipath framework architecture for integrated services (2002)

A major concern with the IETF proposed integrated services (Intserv) architecture for providing quality of service is that the amount of reservation state it stores in the routers and the RSVP protocol it uses to maintain the consistency of reservation state may not be scalable to high-speed backbone networks. Because of the large number of flows in the backbone network, the refresh messages associated with RSVP's soft-state mechanism, apart from consuming memory, bandwidth and computing power, can experience significant queuing delays and prevent correct functioning of the soft-state mechanism. For the refresh mechanism to scale, therefore, the reservation state size must be bounded so that delays of time-sensitive refresh messages can also be bounded through adequate bandwidth allocation. Vutukury and Garcia-Luna-Accves (see. Proc. of ICCCN, 1999) described the scalable multipath aggregated routing architecture (SMART) In which the reservation state size is a function of number of destinations rather than number of flows in the network. In this paper, we describe a reservation protocol (AGREE) to maintain this reservation state aggregated along the multipaths. The AGREE protocol, like RSVP, uses soft-states, but also ensures that the refresh messages experience bounded queuing delays. The SMART architecture combined with AGREE protocol is significantly more scalable compared to the Intserv/RSVP model.
Towards a Test Definition Language for Integrated Circuits (2014)

The Standard Test Interface Language (STIL) is the de-facto standard for transferring test data between the test generation environment and the test equipment. STIL's flexibility and extensibility facilitates its use as the sole input language for automatic test-pattern generation (ATPG). However, STIL format is complex and does not provide support for algorithmic interactive testing which necessitate the use of additional programming languages to do that. In this paper, we propose a new Test Definition Language for Integrated Circuits (TDLIC) based on the Extensible Markup Language (XML). TDLIC is a description language for defining tests of digital ICs in a precise and reusable form. The proposed TDLIC provides a common platform for specifying test data as well as complex test procedures. A case study that includes a validation platform is used to show the full capabilities of TDLIC. The validation platform is an FPGA-based system that emulates the automatic test equipment and a prototype IC with four circuits to be tested.
Primary-Ambient Signal Decomposition and Vector-Based Localization for Spatial Audio Coding and Enhancement (2007)

Spatial audio coding and enhancement address the growing commercial need to store and distribute multichannel audio and to render content optimally on arbitrary reproduction systems. In this paper, we discuss a spatial analysis-synthesis scheme which applies principal component analysis to an STFT-domain representation of the original audio to separate it into primary and ambient components, which are then respectively analyzed for cues that describe the spatial percept of the audio scene on a per-tile basis; these cues are used by the synthesis to render the audio appropriately on the available playback system. The proposed framework can be tailored for robust spatial audio coding, or it can be applied directly to enhancement scenarios where there are no rate constraints on the intermediate spatial data and audio representation.
Benzoxazinones as PPARγ Agonists. Part 1. SAR of Three Aromatic Regions. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
UNDERWATER WELDING AND CUTTING (1975)

The paper first discusses the present status of underwater welding research and development efforts carried in various laboratories in the world and how the research at Massachusetts Institute of Technology fits into the total picture. The paper then describes the three-year research program entitled Fundamental Research on Underwater Welding conducted from July 1971 to June 1974 at M.I.T. for the National Sea Grant Office. The program covered the following phases: Phase I: Survey of fundamental information on underwater welding and cutting. Phase 2: A study of heat flow during underwater welding. Phase 3: Mechanisms of metal transfer in underwater welding. Phase 4: Effects of water environment on metallurgical structures and properties of welds. Phase 5: Development of improved underwater welding methods.
On the Theory of Space-Time Codes for (2000)

The design of space-time codes to achieve full spatial diversity over fading channels has largely been addressed by handcrafting example codes using computer search methods and only for small numbers of antennas. The lack of more general designs is in part due to the fact that the diversity advantage of a code is the minimum rank among the complex baseband differences between modulated codewords, which is difficult to relate to traditional code designs over finite fields and rings. In this paper, we present general binary design criteria for PSK-modulated space-time codes. For linear BPSK/QPSK codes, the rank of (binary projections of) the unmodulated codewords, as binary matrices over the binary field, is a sufficient design criterion: full binary rank guarantees full spatial diversity. This criterion accounts for much of what is currently known about PSK-modulated space-time codes. We develop new fundamental code constructions for both quasi-static and time-varying chan- nels. These are perhaps the first general constructions—other than delay diversity schemes—that guarantee full spatial diversity for an arbitrary number of transmit antennas.