gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Brominated Biphenyls Prime Extensive Microbial Reductive Dehalogenation of Aroclor 1260 in Housatonic River Sediment (1998)

The upper Housatonic River and Woods Pond (Lenox, Mass.), a shallow impoundment on the river, are contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), the residue of partially dechlorinated Aroclor 1260. Certain PCB congeners have the ability to activate or "prime" anaerobic microorganisms in Woods Pond sediment to reductively dehalogenate the Aroclor 1260 residue. We proposed that brominated biphenyls might have the same effect and tested the priming activities of 14 mono-, di-, and tribrominated biphenyls (350 µM) in anaerobic microcosms of sediment from Woods Pond. All of the brominated biphenyls were completely dehalogenated to biphenyl, and 13 of them primed PCB dechlorination. Measured in terms of chlorine removal and decrease in the proportion of hexa- through nonachlorobiphenyls, the microbial PCB dechlorination primed by several brominated biphenyls was nearly twice as effective as that primed by chlorinated biphenyls. Congeners containing a meta bromine primed Dechlorination Process N (flanked meta dechlorination), and congeners containing an unflanked para bromine primed Dechlorination Process P (flanked para dechlorination). Two ortho-substituted congeners, 2-bromobiphenyl and 2,6-dibromobiphenyl (2-BB and 26-BB), also primed Process N dechlorination. The most effective primers were 26-BB, 245-BB, 25-3-BB, and 25-4-BB. The microbial dechlorination primed by 26-BB converted ~75% of the hexa- through nonachlorobiphenyls to tri- and tetrachlorobiphenyls in 100 days and removed ~75% of the PCBs that are most persistent in humans. These results represent a major step toward identifying an effective method for accelerating PCB dechlorination in situ. The challenge now is to identify naturally occurring compounds that are safe and effective primers.
Safety shield for vacuum/pressure-chamber windows (1980)

Optically-clear shatter-resistant safety shield protects workers from implosion and explosion of vacuum and pressure windows. Plastic shield is inexpensive and may be added to vacuum chambers, pressure chambers, and gas-filling systems.
Specificities of antibodies to acetylcholine receptors (1978)

Antisera to acetylcholine receptor purified from the electric organs of Torpedo and Electrophorus were highly species specific, but showed limited cross-reaction with receptors from all mammalian species tested. Antisera to receptor purified from rat muscle cross-reacted extensively with receptor from the muscles of other mammals. Antibodies to receptor from Electrophorus cross-reacting with receptor from Torpedo were affinity purified. Subsequently these showed increased cross-reaction with receptor from mammalian muscle. Sera from patients with myasthenia gravis reacted best with receptor from human muscle, but such sera also cross-reacted with receptor from other mammals, especially squirrel monkeys. These sera cross-reacted slightly with receptor from Torpedo, but not detectably with receptor from Electrophorus,
Cloned Cauliflower Mosaic Virus DNA Infects Turnips ( <i>Brassica rapa</i> ) (1980)

Cauliflower mosaic virus DNA cloned in the Sal I site of bacterial plasmid pBR322 infects turnip plants. The cloned viral DNA must be excised from the recombinant plasmid to infect, but need not be circularized and ligated in vitro. The cloned viral DNA lacks site-specific single-strand breaks found in DNA obtained directly from the virus. However, these breaks are reintroduced into the viral genome during multiplication of the virus in the plant host.
Microbiota transplant therapy and autism: lessons for the clinic (2019)

<b>Introduction</b>: The purpose of this review is to discuss Microbiota Transplant Therapy (MTT), a type of intensive intestinal microbiota transplantation (IMT), for people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and chronic gastrointestinal disorders (constipation and/or diarrhea).<b>Areas covered</b>: This paper briefly reviews IMT, gastrointestinal symptoms and gastrointestinal bacteria in children with ASD, and results and lessons learned from intensive MTT for autism.<b>Expert opinion</b>: An open-label study and a two-year follow-up suggest that MTT is relatively safe and effective in significantly reducing gastrointestinal disorders and autism symptoms, changing the gut microbiome structure, and increasing gut microbial diversity. Further research with larger, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies is warranted.
Determination of fluid status in haemodialysis patients with whole body and calf bioimpedance techniques (2011)

WBM could be useful to predict a target range of normal hydration weight particularly for patients with substantial fluid overload. The cBIS provides an accurate reference for the estimation of DW so that combined use of cBIS and WBM is promising and warrants further studies.
A Convergent Approach to Cryptophycin 52 Analogues:  Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Novel Series of Fragment A Epoxides and Chlorohydrins (2003)

Cryptophycin 52 is a synthetic derivative of Cryptophycin 1, a potent antimicrotubule agent isolated from cyanobacteria. In an effort to increase the potency and water solubility of the molecule, a structure-activity relationship study (SAR) was initiated around the phenyl ring of fragment A. These Cryptophycin 52 analogues were accessed using a Wittig olefination reaction between various triphenylphosphonium salts and a key intermediate aldehyde prepared from Cryptophycin 53. Substitution on the phenyl ring of fragment A was well tolerated, and several of these analogues were equally or more potent than Cryptophycin 52 when evaluated in vitro in the CCRF-CEM leukemia cell line and in vivo against a murine pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
An Online Approach to Physical Design Tuning (2007)

There has been considerable work on automated physical design tuning for database systems. Existing solutions require offline invocations of the tuning tool and depend on DBAs identifying representative workloads manually. In this work, we propose an alternative approach to the physical design problem. Specifically we design algorithms that are always-on and continuously modify the current physical design reacting to changes in the query workload. Our techniques have low overhead and take into account storage constraints, update statements, and the cost to create temporary physical structures.
Basal Surface Hybridization of Group V Layered Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (2022)

Efficient, scalable, and tailorable surface hybridization of layered transition metal dichalcogenides (LTMDs) is crucial to optimize performance and enable reproducible, bulk manufacturing technologies (spray coating, inkjet printing, slot-dye coating, etc.) for optoelectronic, energy storage, and sensing applications. Group V LTMDs (NbX2, TaX2, VX2, where X = S, Se, Te) provide unique opportunities due to their superconductive and paramagnetic properties; however, their hydrolytic instability challenges colloidal formulation into composites and devices. Herein, we demonstrate basal surface hybridization of Group V LTMDs via anhydrous Lewis acid/base pair chemistry (amines, phosphines). The developed chemistries allow for robust, stable colloidal dispersions in aprotic solvents. Stoichiometric hybridization provides tunable optoelectronic properties and resistance to hydrolysis. First-principles calculations indicate electron donation from the ligand, implying the possibility of saturation of the frontier d-orbitals where the metallic band structure would collapse into a semiconducting manifold. This class of hybridization chemistries provides insights into derivatization of LTMDs based on their electronic valency.
A comparison of scalable superscalar processors (1999)

The poor scalability of existing superscalar processors has been of great concern to the computer engineering community.In particular, the critical-path lengths of many components in existing implementations grow as O(n') where n is the fetch width, the issue width, or the window size.This paper describes two scalable processor architectures, the Ultrascalar I and the Ultrascalar II, and compares their VLSI complexities (gate delays, wire-length delays, and area.)Both processors are implemented by a large collection of ALUs with controllers (together called execution stations) connected together by a network of parallel-prefix tree circuits.A fattree network connects an interleaved cache to the execution stations.These networks provide the full functionality of superscalar processors including renaming, out-of-order execution, and speculative execution.The difference between the processors is in the mechanism used to transmit register values from one execution station to another.Both architectures use a parallel-prefix tree to communicate the register values between the execution stations.The Ultrascalar I transmits an entire copy of the register file to each station, and the station chooses which register values it needs based on the instruction.The Ultrascalar I uses an H-tree layout.The Ultrascalar II uses a mesh-of-trees and carefully sends only the register values that will actually be needed by each subtree to reduce the number of wires required on the chip.The complexity results are as follows: The complexity is described for a processor which has an instruction-set architecture containing L logical registers and can execute n instructions in parallel.The chip provides enough memory bandwidth to execute up to M(n) memory operations per cycle.(M is assumed to have a certain regularity property.)In all the processors, the VLSI area is the square of the wire delay.The Ultrascalar I has gate delay O(log n) and wire-delay i @(da if M(n) is O(nl/'+), 7wires = O(fi(L + logn)) if M(n) is O(n'j2), and O(fiL + M(n))if M(n) is 0(nli2+')
A new heteroleptic ruthenium sensitizer enhances the absorptivity of mesoporous titania film for a high efficiency dye-sensitized solar cell (2008)

A heteroleptic polypyridyl ruthenium complex, cis-Ru(4,4'-bis(5-octylthieno[3,2-b]thiophen-2-yl)-2,2'-bipyridine)(4,4'-dicarboxyl-2,2'-bipyridine)(NCS)2, with a high molar extinction coefficient of 20.5 x 10(3) M(-1) cm(-1) at 553 nm has been synthesized and demonstrated as a highly efficient sensitizer for a dye-sensitized solar cell, giving a power conversion efficiency of 10.53% measured under an irradiation of air mass 1.5 global (AM 1.5G) full sunlight.
A New and Improved Method for Automated Screening of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Using Ensemble Deep Neural Networks (2018)

In this paper, we provide a new framework on deep learning based automated screening method for finding individuals at risk of developing Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD). We studied the appropriateness of using the transfer learning to screen AMD by using color fundus images. We make use of the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) dataset with nearly 150,000 images, which also provided qualitative grading information by expert graders and ophthalmologists. We use ensemble learning technique with two deep neural networks, namely, Inception-ResNet-V2 and Xception with a custom fine-tuning approach. For our study, we have identified two experiments that are most useful in the screening of AMD. First, we have categorized the images into two classes based on the clinical significance: None or early AMD and Intermediate or Advanced AMD. Second, we have categorized the images into four classes: No AMD, early AMD, Intermediate AMD and Advanced AMD. On AREDS dataset, we have achieved an accuracy of over 95.3% for two-class experiment with our ensemble method. With accuracies ranging from 86% (for four-class) to 95.3% (for two-class), we have demonstrated that the training of a deep neural network with the transfer of learned features with a sufficient number of images fares very well and is comparable to human grading.
Achromatic phase shifter or modulator (1987)

Achromatic optical systems forming phase shifters and phase modulators are presented and shown to impart phase angle shifts in incoming waves which are independent of wavelength over extremely broad spectral ranges. Three major classes of achromatic phase shifter are described including the triangle, close cascade, and imaged grating configurations. When constructed utilizing volume holographic optical elements, very high diffraction efficiencies may be achieved over the large bandwidths used. These systems may similarly be utilized to impart achromatic frequency shifts and frequency modulations which are wavelength independent over extreme spectral ranges and usually do not disturb the spatial form of the input waves. These devices may be used in ac interferometers and allow such interferometers to be operated in white light. Achromatic phase shifts of 0, + ϕ , − ϕ , +2 ϕ , −2 ϕ ,…, may be simultaneously obtained.
Cross-layer interference-aware routing for wireless multi-hop networks (2006)

In this paper we address the problem of interference-aware routing that tightly couples the design of the lower three layers of the ISO Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) protocol stack. This is primarily motivated by the observation that shortest path routing could potentially lead to degrading the single-hop throughput which constitutes an upper bound on the end-to-end multi-hop throughput. We introduce the concept of set-based routing in an attempt to incorporate interference into the routing decision as well as reduce the problem complexity. Towards this objective, we propose a novel algorithm that takes routing, scheduling and power control decisions for a set of interference-coupled transmitters. Furthermore, we discuss set coordination schemes for combating inter-set interference. Finally, we conduct a simulation study that shows considerable throughput improvement over a reference system that uses minimum hop routing and collision-free scheduling.
Common pass decentered annular ring resonator (1990)

An advanced annular resonator has been developed for extracting power from an annular gain region. The new resonator possesses improved mode control and polarization control compared with previous concepts. The principles of operation of the new resonator are described, including a discussion of several different implementation options. A specific embodiment was selected for detailed evaluation. For the specific design, performance predictions based on computer simulation are presented.
Tilt-Responsive Techniques for Digital Drawing Boards (2020)

Drawing boards offer a self-stable work surface that is continuously adjustable. On digital displays, such as the Microsoft Surface Studio, these properties open up a class of techniques that sense and respond to tilt adjustments. Each display posture-whether angled high, low, or somewhere in-between-affords some activities, but not others. Because what is appropriate also depends on the application and task, we explore a range of app-specific transitions between reading vs. writing (annotation), public vs. personal, shared person-space vs. task-space, and other nuances of input and feedback, contingent on display angle. Continuous responses provide interactive transitions tailored to each use-case. We show how a variety of knowledge work scenarios can use sensed display adjustments to drive context-appropriate transitions, as well as technical software details of how to best realize these concepts. A preliminary remote user study suggests that techniques must balance effort required to adjust tilt, versus the potential benefits of a sensed transition.
Fermentative Production of Tryptophan by a Stable Recombinant Strain of<i>Coryne-bacterium glutamicum</i>with a Modified Serine-biosynthetic Pathway (1994)

Introduction of plasmid pKW99, which coexpresses the deregulated 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase and tryptophan-biosynthetic enzymes, into tryptophan-producing Corynebacterium glutamicum KY10894 resulted in a marked increase (54%) in yield of tryptophan production (43 g/liter), but incurred two problems. One was a decline in sugar consumption at the late stage of fermentation, and the other the loss of the plasmid in the absence of selective pressure. The retarded sugar assimilation was found to be attributed to the death of cells that arose from the detrimental action of indole, the last intermediate in the tryptophan pathway, accumulated as a by-product. A chain of these events simultaneously disappeared when serine, the other substrate of the final reaction by tryptophan synthase, was added. These results indicated that a limiting supply of serine was the cause of the decline in the sugar consumption. Thus, to increase carbon flux into serine, the gene for 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PGD), the first enzyme in the serine pathway, was cloned from wild-type C. glutamicum ATCC 31833 and joined onto pKW99 to generate pKW9901. Strain KY10894 transformed with pKW9901 favorably consumed sugar through fermentation with accumulating little indole. Furthermore, on the basis of the observation that serine in the medium was consumed rapidly by the recombinant cells, we developed a unique plasmid stabilization system composed of KY9218 (a PGD-deficient serine-requiring strain of KY10894) and pKW9901: In its combination, cells lacking the plasmid should not proliferate in the fermentation medium which does not contain serine. Even if selective pressure was not applied, the modified strain KY9218 with pKW9901 stably maintained the plasmid during fermentation and produced 50 g/liter of tryptophan in a 61% increased yield relative to strain KY10894.
Optical comb generation and expansion by gain switched discrete mode laser diode (2011)

Optical comb generation by gain switching (GS) of a discrete mode (DM) laser diode (LD) is an attractive alternative, which in combination with a comb expansion technique allows a cost efficient, simple source, providing a highly coherent and stable output with a tuneable FSR. A demonstration of optimized and cost efficient techniques to generate an optical coherent multi-carrier signal is performed. The study of gain switching of a DM-LD will be presented along with two optical comb expansion schemes. The results will be evaluated in terms of spectral bandwidth, number of frequency tones, and extinction ratio. The experimental achievements will be compared to theoretical simulation results.
Model catalytic sites for olefin polymerization and diastereoselectivity in the cyclopolymerization of 1,5-hexadiene (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTModel catalytic sites for olefin polymerization and diastereoselectivity in the cyclopolymerization of 1,5-hexadieneLuigi Cavallo, Gaetano Guerra, Paolo Corradini, Luigi Resconi, and Robert M. WaymouthCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 2, 260–267Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00054a003RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views287Altmetric-Citations75LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (947 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Exploring the design space for geo-fenced connected devices and services at home (2014)

This paper offers a reflection on the design space for a geo-fenced connected device and service (GFS) - a specification enforcing that a connected device can only be used within a virtual perimeter. Many connected devices are nowadays being accessed through applications running on mobile devices instead of tangible controls. Whilst this ubiquitous access is highly convenient, it is also making connected devices more vulnerable. As such, we reintroduce location-constrained interaction, adapted to connected devices present in a modern home, and explore three design cardinals: (i) spatial granularity, (ii) roles and delegation, and (iii) access control. We report on a qualitative study that explored this design space through a prototype geo-fenced connected lighting system. Our findings suggest that users would like to have geo-fencing for a subset of connected devices, prefer to define geo-fences statically but with different granularities for different devices, and desire access control through location verification and credentials.
Topical Ocular Drug Delivery to the Back of the Eye by Mucus-Penetrating Particles (2015)

These preclinical data support using MPP technology to engineer topical formulations to deliver therapeutic drug levels to the back of the eye and could provide major advancements in managing sight-threatening diseases.
Holographic Data Storage: From Theory to Practical Systems (2010)

Holographic Data Storage: From Theory to Practical Systems is a primer on the design and building of a holographic data storage system covering the physics, Servo, Data Channel, Recording Materials, and optics behind holographic storage, the requirements of a functioning system, and its integration into real-life systems. Later chapters highlight recent developments in holographic storage which have enabled readiness for commercial implementation and discuss the general outlook for the technology, including the transition from professional to consumer markets and the possibilities for mass reproduction.
Whole-cell repetitive element sequence-based polymerase chain reaction allows rapid assessment of clonal relationships of bacterial isolates (1993)

Repetitive element sequence-based polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR) enables the generation of DNA fingerprints which discriminate bacterial species and strains. We describe the application of whole-cell methods which allow specimens from broth cultures or colonies from agar plates to be utilized directly in the PCR mixture. The rep-PCR-generated DNA fingerprints obtained with whole-cell samples match results obtained with genomic DNA templates. Examples with different gram-negative bacteria (e.g., Citrobacter diversus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and gram-positive bacteria (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae) are demonstrated. Rapid specimen preparation methods enable rep-PCR-based fingerprinting to be completed in several hours and, therefore, allows the timely analysis of epidemiological relationships.