gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Long-Chain Fluorinated Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (F-POSS) (2010)

Abstract : To be super-resistant to wetting, surfaces generally require both nano- and micro-scale roughness, as well as low surface energy. Based on calculations, to have a smooth superoleophobic surface would require a surface energy lower than any known material. Increasing the length of the fluorinated chains may lead to molecules with even lower solid surface energies and therefore even better hydrophobic and oleophobic properties. We present the synthesis of the longest chain fluorinated POSS molecules reported: fluorododecylPOSS (FDD). The synthesis is performed via the base-catalyzed, one-step condensation of the corresponding trialkoxysilane.
Practical aspects of holey optical fibres (2001)

Holey fibres (HFs) are a novel way of guiding light by means of an array of air holes running along the length of the fibre and which surround a central core region (usually a solid silica rod but can be an extra large hole) where the light is confined. If the holes are periodically spaced then the fibre can have a photonic bandgap although for most fibres this is not the case and instead they guide through average index effects.
Conceptual Design of a Novel Process for the Production of Poly(oxymethylene) Dimethyl Ethers from Formaldehyde and Methanol (2017)

Poly(oxymethylene) dimethyl ethers (OME) are environmentally benign alternative fuels. This work presents the conceptual design of a novel OME process which employs aqueous solutions of formaldehyde and methanol as feedstock. In this process, OME of the desired chain lengths n = 3–5 and water are separated from the reactive mixture (formaldehyde + water + methanol + methylal + OME). Thermodynamic limits are identified by studying distillation boundaries and chemical equilibria. By that it is shown that OME of chain lengths n = 3–5 can be separated from the reactor outlet by distillation. The separation of water is carried out using either an adsorption or a membrane process. Adsorption isotherms of water on Zeolite 3A are determined experimentally. The OME process is simulated and optimized using a reduced process model accounting for the mass balances and the thermodynamic limits. Favorable operating points of the process are identified using multi-objective optimization.
Molecular‐based diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and its progressive stage (2017)

CNS biological processes reflected by CSF biomarkers are robust, stable, disease specific, or even disease stage specific. This opens opportunities for broad utilization of CSF biomarkers in drug development and precision medicine for CNS disorders. Ann Neurol 2017;82:795-812.
Speed Trajectory Generation for Energy-Efficient Connected and Automated Vehicles (2020)

Abstract Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) have real-time knowledge of the immediate driving environment, actions to be taken in the near future and information from the cloud. This knowledge, referred to as preview information, enables CAVs to drive safely, but can also be used to minimize fuel consumption. Such fuel-efficient transportation has the potential to reduce aggregate fuel consumption by billions of gallons of gas every year in the U.S. alone. In this paper, we propose a planning framework for use in CAVs with the goal of generating fuel-efficient vehicle trajectories. By utilizing on-board sensor data and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications, we leverage the computational power of CAVs to generate eco-friendly vehicle trajectories. The planner uses an eco-driver model and a predictive cost-based search to determine the optimal speed profile for use by a CAV. To evaluate the performance of the planner, we introduce a co-simulation environment consisting of a CAV simulator, Matlab/Simulink and a CAV software platform called the InfoRich Eco-Autonomous Driving (iREAD) system. The planner is evaluated in various urban traffic scenarios based on real-world road network models provided by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Simulations show an average savings of 14.5% in fuel consumption with a corresponding increase of 2% in travel time using our method.
Status of gadolinium enrichment technology at LLNL (1993)

A method based on,polarization selectivity and three step laser photoionization is presented for separation of the odd isotopes of gadolinium. Measurements of the spectroscopic parameters needed to quantify the excitation pathway are discussed. Model results are presented for the efficiency of photoionization. The vapor properties of electron beam vaporized gadolinium are presented which show dramatic cooling during the expansion of the hot dense vapor into a vacuum. This results in a significant increase in the efficiency of conversion of natural feed into enriched product in the AVLIS process. Production of enriched gadolinium for use in commercial power reactors appears to be economically viable using technology in use at LLNL.
Treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis with colestimide (2009)

Colestimide seems to increase the efficacy of lifestyle modification in NASH patients with hyperlipidemia. Its beneficial effects were more prominent in NASH patients with moderate to severe histological steatosis.
Porous silicon as a therapeutic biomaterial (2002)

Silicon, the dominant semiconductor, has not been actively developed as a biomaterial, despite the attractiveness of chip-based microsystems for therapeutic applications. There is now both in-vitro and in-vivo evidence that silicon surfaces can be engineered to have bone-bonding potential, and that highly porous silicon can be biodegradable in the human body.
Highly efficient solution processed blue organic electrophosphorescence with 14lm∕W luminous efficacy (2006)

We report highly efficient solution processed blue electrophosphorescent organic light emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) utilizing a phosphorescent dye and a nonconjugated polymer host, molecularly doped with electron transporting molecules. Based on a bilayer device architecture blue PHOLEDs with luminous efficacy of 14lm∕W at luminous efficiency reaching 22cd∕A are demonstrated. Analysis of device performance indicates that this high efficiency is achieved by a combination of improved charge balance and light outcoupling efficiency. Our results demonstrate that simple solution processed devices can have efficiencies similar to those published to date for small molecule multilayer PHOLEDs based on the same emitter.
Brewing Performance of Malted Lipoxygenase‐1 Null Barley and Effect on the Flavor Stability of Beer (2006)

ABSTRACT We examined the malting and brewing performances of a lipoxygenase‐1 (LOX‐1) null line of barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.). The LOX‐normal malt and the LOX‐null malt were prepared from F 4 populations derived from a single cross. We could not observe any major differences in the general malt characteristics between the two malts. A brewing trial was performed using these malts. The analysis of the wort and beer revealed that the absence of LOX‐1 had little effect on the general characteristics of the wort and beer. In contrast, beer made from the LOX‐null malt showed reduced levels of beer‐deteriorating substances, trans ‐2‐nonenal (T2N), and trihydroxyoctadecenoic acid (THOD). In the sensory evaluation, well‐trained panel members recognized the significant superiority of the aged LOX‐null beer in terms of staleness. These results show that the LOX‐1 null barley line can be effectively used to improve the flavor stability of beer without changing the other important beer qualities.
G Protein-Coupled Receptors (2010)

Provides a comprehensive overview of recent discoveries and current understandings of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Recent advances include the first mammalian non-rhodopsin GPCR structures and reconstitution of purified GPCRs into membrane discs for defined studies, novel signaling features including oligomerization, and advances in understanding the complex ligand pharmacology and physiology of GPCRs, in new assay technologies and drug targeting. The authors take time to detail the importance of the pathophysiological function and drug targeting of GPCRs, specifically β-adrenoceptors in cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, metabotropic glutamate receptors in CNS disorders, S1P receptors in the immune system, and Wnt/Frizzled receptors in osteoporosis. This book will be invaluable to researchers and graduate students in academia and industry who are interested in the GPCR field.
Novel Census Transform Hardware IP (2021)

Census Transform is a commonly used pixel transform technique in Computer Vision (CV) algorithms to provide robustness against illumination variance. Implementing this as a low gate-count and power-efficient HW IP is critical to support CV algorithms in SoCs targeting Automotive and Industrial markets. This paper gives an introduction to designing a HW IP for Census Transform as defined in the literature and proposes an efficient implementation by removing redundant computation by up-to 50% compared to the original algorithm. The paper also proposes a novel Census Transform algorithm by introducing a new pre-processing step which eliminates a key equality check during comparisons in the above implementation. The proposed novel algorithm results in a 27% lower gate-count and 13% lower power IP compared to the original implementation. The quality simulation of the proposed novel algorithm in the context of Optical Flow (an example CV algorithm) application shows only 1.48% flow vectors have differences compared to the original algorithm, resulting in a negligible impact to optical flow application. The proposed novel solution is implemented in Texas Instruments (TI) Jacinto7 series of product line.
Haptoglobin-Related Protein (Hpr) Epitopes in Breast Cancer as a Predictor of Recurrence of the Disease (1989)

The early discrimination of clinically aggressive breast cancer from indolent disease would be clinically useful. Some human breast cancers express haptoglobin-related protein (Hpr), the HPR gene product, or a substance that shares epitopes with it. We retrospectively examined the association between the expression of Hpr and the recurrence of cancer in 70 patients with early breast cancer (Stage I or II) treated by mastectomy from 1977 through 1985, using immunohistochemical analysis of routinely processed paraffin-embedded tissue and evaluating it without knowledge of the patients' status. The expression of Hpr epitopes was associated with earlier recurrence according to life-table analysis (P less than 0.0002). Progesterone-receptor status (determined in 64 patients), tumor size, clinical stage, axillary-lymphnode status, mitotic index, and tumor necrosis also predicted recurrence, but multivariate analysis showed that Hpr-epitope expression was an independent prognostic factor. Since both Hpr status and progesterone-receptor status were independent predictors of recurrence, they could be combined to stratify the cases further: breast cancer was found to have recurred in 11 of 12 patients (92 percent) who were positive for Hpr and negative for progesterone receptors, in 5 of 11 (45 percent) who were positive for Hpr and positive for progesterone receptors, and in 9 of 41 (22 percent) who were negative for Hpr, in whom progesterone-receptor status had little effect. We conclude that Hpr-epitope expression is a clinically important predictor of the recurrence of cancer in patients with early breast cancer, especially in combination with progesterone-receptor status.
Optimum wavelength combinations for retinal vessel oximetry (1999)

Several investigators have demonstrated techniques for noninvasive measurement of the oxygen saturation of blood in retinal arteries and veins. These techniques have been based on measuring the optical density of a retinal vessel at multiple wavelengths and on calculating the oxygen saturation on the basis of the known absorption coefficients of hemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin. A technique is presented for determining the optimum wavelengths for retinal oximetry measurements. What is believed to be a novel wavelength combination of 488, 635, and 905 nm is found to provide excellent oxygen sensitivity across a broad range of typical vessel diameters and saturations. The use of this wavelength combination should allow for the most accurate retinal saturation measurements made to date.
Optimized Slurries for Spray Drying: Different Approaches to Obtain Homogeneous and Deformable Alumina-Zirconia Granules (2013)

Spray drying is widely used for producing granulated feed materials for compaction process, which is the current industrial method for manufacturing alumina-zirconia femoral heads. The optimization of the granules compaction behavior requires the control of the slurry rheology. Moreover, for a dual-phase ceramic suspension, the even phase distribution has to be kept through the atomization step. Here we present two approaches addressing the key issues involved in the atomization of a composite system. Alumina-10 vol % zirconia powders were prepared by either a powder mixing route, or by the surface modification of a commercial α-alumina powder with a zirconium salt. Slurries from both powders were spray dried. The correlation between slurry rheology and pH, granules morphology and sintered microstructures was here investigated and discussed on the ground of the two feed materials characteristics. The processing conditions were optimized to obtain dense and homogeneous alumina-zirconia micro-nano composites by both processing routes.
A Convenient Synthesis of Phosphate Esters of Dopamine and Epinine (1996)

Abstract The title compounds were prepared with a route which is characterized by the regioselective preparation of 3 or 4 oxydryl protected dopamine and epinine precursors.
Generating saddle points in the merit function landscape of optical systems (2005)

Finding multiple local minima in the merit function landscape of optical system optimization is a difficult task, especially for complex designs that have a large number of variables. We discuss here a method that enables a rapid generation of new local minima for optical systems of arbitrary complexity. We have recently shown that saddle points known in mathematics as Morse index 1 saddle points can be useful for global optical system optimization. In this work we show that by inserting a thin meniscus lens (or two mirror surfaces) into an optical design with N surfaces that is a local minimum, we obtain a system with N+2 surfaces that is a Morse index 1 saddle point. A simple method to compute the required meniscus curvatures will be discussed. Then, letting the optimization roll down on both sides of the saddle leads to two different local minima. Often, one of them has interesting special properties.
A novel peptide that inhibits E2F transcription and regresses prostate tumor xenografts (2014)

E2F-1, a key transcription factor necessary for cell growth, DNA repair and differentiation, is an attractive target for development of useful anticancer drugs in tumors that are E2F "oncogene addicted". A peptide, isolated from phage clones, based on its binding to an E2F-1 consensus sequence, was cytotoxic against a wide range of cancer cell lines. The peptide was coupled to penetratin (PEP) and tested against prostate cancer cell lines, and a fresh sample from a patient with metastatic cancer. As the PEP was found to be relatively unstable in serum, it was encapsulated in PEGylated liposomes for in vivo studies. The peptide was cytotoxic against prostate cell lines and a fresh sample from a patient with metastatic prostate cancer. Treatment of mice bearing the human Du-145 human prostate tumor with the PEP encapsulated in PEGylated liposomes (PL-PEP) caused tumor regression without significant toxicity. The liposome encapsulated PEP has promise as an antitumor agent, alone or in combination with inhibitors of DNA synthesis.
Processing 3‐D dual‐sensor towed streamer data using local crossline slowness estimates (2011)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2011Processing 3‐D dual‐sensor towed streamer data using local crossline slowness estimatesAuthors: Tilman KlüverAnthony DayTilman KlüverPGS and Anthony DayPGShttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.3627938 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Abstract Dual‐sensor towed streamer data can be decomposed into data containing only the up‐going (or down‐going) part of the recorded total wave fields. The separation into up‐going and down‐going parts depends on the emergence angle of the wave fronts at the receiver and is therefore commonly applied in the plane wave domain. Large separation of the small number of streamers requires extensive data reconstruction to provide the aperture and receiver spacing necessary for proper 3‐D plane wave decomposition. Here, a new method is presented to remove the necessity for data reconstruction. It is based on multiple processing of single streamer data sets using crossline slowness estimates. 4‐D differences to a conventional hydrophone‐only base survey are reduced when the new method is applied compared to differences observed when the crossline dip component is neglected in dual‐sensor data processing.Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3627938FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byA low-frequency deghosting method: Analysis and numerical testsYing Wang, Adriana Citlali Ramirez, and Are Osen27 June 2017 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 82, No. 5Broadband seismic over/under sources and their designature-deghostingLasse Amundsen, Ørjan Pedersen, Are Osen, Johan O. A. Robertsson, and Martin Landrø10 July 2017 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 82, No. 5Wavefield-separation methods for dual-sensor towed-streamer dataAnthony Day, Tilman Klüver, Walter Söllner, Hocine Tabti, and David Carlson20 March 2013 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 78, No. 2 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2011ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2011 Pages: 4424 Publisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 08 Aug 2011 CITATION INFORMATION Tilman Klüver and Anthony Day, (2011), "Processing 3‐D dual‐sensor towed streamer data using local crossline slowness estimates," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 3556-3560. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3627938 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Circulating Prostate Tumor Cells Detected by Reverse Transcription-PCR in Men with Localized or Castration-Refractory Prostate Cancer: Concordance with CellSearch Assay and Association with Bone Metastases and with Survival (2009)

Real-time RT-PCR assays of KLK mRNAs are highly concordant with CellSearch CTC results in patients with CRPC. KLK2/3-expressing CTCs are common in men with CRPC and bone metastases but are rare in patients with metastases diagnosed only in soft tissues and patients with localized cancer.
Shaping carbon nanostructures by controlling the synthesis process (2001)

The ability to control the nanoscale shape of nanostructures in a large-scale synthesis process is an essential and elusive goal of nanotechnology research. Here, we report significant progress toward that goal. We have developed a technique that enables controlled synthesis of nanoscale carbon structures with conical and cylinder-on-cone shapes and provides the capability to dynamically change the nanostructure shape during the synthesis process. In addition, we present a phenomenological model that explains the formation of these nanostructures and provides insight into methods for precisely engineering their shape. Since the growth process we report is highly deterministic in allowing large-scale synthesis of precisely engineered nanoscale components at defined locations, our approach provides an important tool for a practical nanotechnology.
Phthalocyanine polymers. III. Poly(nickel phthalocyanine)benzimidazole as a novel high‐temperature‐resistant polymer (1982)

Abstract A new type of poly(nickel phthalocyanine)benzimidazole was prepared by the condensation reaction between nickel (11) 4,4′,4″,4″′‐phthalocyanine tetracarboxylic acid dihydrate and 3, 3′‐diaminobenzidine. The reaction was investigated by both the melt and solution condensation methods. This polymer showed good thermal and thermo‐oxidative stability. Also noteworthy is its high thermal stability with a char yield of 88% at 800°C in nitrogen. No catastrophic decomposition was observed up to 1100°C. A qualitative study of decomposition in both air and nitrogen is presented. Elemental analyses agreed well with the proposed structure. Infrared (IR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies were performed to characterize this polymer, and isothermal gravimetric analysis was done to determine its long‐term thermal stability. The apparent activation energies for the thermal degradation in air and nitrogen are given.
Double-side exposure UV-LED CNC lithography for fine 3D microfabrication (2017)

This paper presents a double-side-exposure scheme based on computer-numerical-controlled (CNC) UVLED lithography for fine 3-D microfabrication. The CNC UV-LED lithography manipulates the exposure angle of the UV light where the system comprises a switchable, movable UV-LED array as a light source, a motorized tilt-rotational sample holder, and a computer-control unit. The double-sided exposure scheme utilizes an additional photomask on top of the photoresist-bearing photomask/substrate. The CNC UV-LED apparatus programmably introduces tilt-rotational UV light through the two photomasks via sequential exposure of each side by use of a synchronized switchable UV light source. This creates user-definable 3-D light traces, which are transferred into the photosensitive resist. This approach enables the fabrication of new 3-D structures that have previously been impossible to implement using single-side exposure lithography. Sample fabricated 3D microstructures include a micro spear, a micro golf club, a micro folder, and a micro bird. Arrays of micro ‘y’ and micro mushroom structures are demonstrated as batch fabrications.
User grouping and scheduling for large scale MIMO systems with two-stage precoding (2014)

In this paper, we consider the design of user grouping and scheduling for large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) frequency-division-duplexing (FDD) systems. Based on a recently proposed two-stage precoding framework, we first propose an improved K-means user grouping scheme which allocates the users to different pre-beamforming groups using the second-order channel statistics, and then a user grouping scheme that considers both load balancing and precoding design. After user groups are so determined, we present a dynamic user scheduling scheme where second-stage precoding is designed based on instantaneous channel conditions. We demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed schemes through simulations.