gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cd52, known as a major maturation‐associated sperm membrane antigen secreted from the epididymis, is not required for fertilization in the mouse (2008)

CD52 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored antigen expressed on lymphocytes and in epididymal epithelial cells. CD52 is also known as "maturation-associated sperm antigen" but its function is unknown. We therefore generated Cd52 disrupted mice. The resulting Cd52 null mice were healthy, even though Cd52 is expressed on cells of the immune system. We then examined a possible role for CD52 in reproduction. Sperm from Cd52-deficient males were investigated and the viability, motility, morphology, and incidence of spontaneous acrosome reactions were found to be all similar to values for wild-type sperm. In in vitro fertilization system, the sperm showed normal fertilizing ability. As CD52 was found to be transferred onto sperm only after they had migrated into the vas deferens, we examined the behavior of sperm from Cd52-deficient mice in vivo. The mice mated naturally and we observed that a normal number of sperm passed through the uterotubal junction, known to the crucial hurdle for various gene knockouts resulting in infertile sperm. As a consequence, there was no difference in the litter size from the wild-type and Cd52-null males. Our results therefore indicate CD52 is not required for fertilization in the mouse either in vivo or in vitro.
Invasive pneumococcal disease caused by mucoid serotype 3 Streptococcus pneumoniae: a case report and literature review (2017)

We experienced a fatal case of pneumonia caused by mucoid serotype 3 S. pneumoniae with a thick capsule. Serotype 3-associated pneumonia may develop a wider pulmonary infiltrative shadow, a prolonged therapeutic or hospitalization course, and a poor outcome. Careful observation and intervention are required, and the use of additional antibiotics or intravenous immunoglobulins should be considered in such cases. Pneumococcal immunization is also an important public health measure to minimize the development of severe infections caused by serotype 3 strains.
Method and apparatus for detecting neutrons (2023)

The instant invention is a method for making and using an apparatus for detecting neutrons. Scintillating optical fibers are fabricated by melting SiO.sub.2 with a thermal neutron capturing substance and a scintillating material in a reducing atmosphere. The melt is then drawn into fibers in an anoxic atmosphere. The fibers may then be coated and used directly in a neutron detection apparatus, or assembled into a geometrical array in a second, hydrogen-rich, scintillating material such as a polymer. Photons generated by interaction with thermal neutrons are trapped within the coated fibers and are directed to photoelectric converters. A measurable electronic signal is generated for each thermal neutron interaction within the fiber. These electronic signals are then manipulated, stored, and interpreted by normal methods to infer the quality and quantity of incident radiation. When the fibers are arranged in an array within a second scintillating material, photons generated by kinetic neutrons interacting with the second scintillating material and photons generated by thermal neutron capture within the fiber can both be directed to photoelectric converters. These electronic signals are then manipulated, stored, and interpreted by normal methods to infer the quality and quantity of incident radiation.
Degenerate MHC restriction reveals the contribution of class I MHC molecules in determining the fine specificity of CTL recognition of an immunodominant determinant of HIV-1 gp160 V3 loop (1997)

The novel allogeneic presentation of an immunodominant determinant within the HIV-1 gp160 V3 loop by three different class I MHC molecules to the same CD8+ CTL is used to study the influence of the MHC molecule on the fine specificity of CTL recognition. We previously reported that four distinct class I molecules of H-2d,u,p,q presented the V3 decapeptide P18-I10 (RGPGRAFVTI) to CTL. Surprisingly, we found that H-2d,u,p cells mutually cross-present the P18-I10 peptide to allogeneic CTL clones of each of the other haplotypes, whereas none of these cross-presents to H-2q CTL, nor do H-2q targets present to CTL of the other haplotypes. Here, we explore the critical amino acid residues for the cross-presentation using 10 variant peptides with single amino acid substitutions. The fine specificity examined using these mutant peptides presented by the same MHC class I molecule showed striking similarity among the CTL of each haplotype, expressing either V beta 8.1 or V beta 14. In contrast, the fine specificity is different between the distinct MHC class I molecules even for the lysis by the same CTL, as shown by reciprocal effects of the same substitutions. Thus, peptide fine specificity of a single TCR is influenced by changes in the class I MHC molecules presenting the Ag.
Cloning and expression of a cAMP-activated Na+/H+ exchanger: evidence that the cytoplasmic domain mediates hormonal regulation. (1992)

The ubiquitous plasma membrane Na+/H+ exchanger (termed NHE1) is activated by diverse hormonal signals, with the notable exception of hormones acting through cAMP as second messenger. Therefore, the Na+/H+ exchanger found in the nucleated trout red cell is of particular interest since it is activated by catecholamines, forskolin, and cAMP analogues. We report here that a cloned cDNA encoding the red cell exchanger restores functional Na+/H+ activity when transfected into Na+/H+ antiporter-deficient fibroblasts (i.e., it regulates intracellular pH in a Na-dependent and amiloride-sensitive manner). This red cell exchanger represents an additional form of Na+/H+ exchanger (termed beta NHE), which is characterized by a specific cytoplasmic domain involved in activation by the cAMP-dependent signaling pathway. After transfection in the same cellular context, beta NHE, but not NHE1, is activated by cAMP or by hormones that increase cAMP levels. Comparison of the amino acid sequences of exchangers shows that beta NHE, but not NHE1, contains two clustered consensus motifs for phosphorylation by a cAMP-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase A; PKA). A deletion mutant devoid of the C-terminal region of the cytoplasmic loop containing the two PKA sites restores Na+/H+ activity but is no longer activated by cAMP analogues or catecholamines. In red blood cells, the Na+/H+ exchanger is also activated by another pathway involving protein kinase C (PKC). Expression of beta NHE in fibroblasts shows that these two independent signaling pathways impinge on two distinct domains of the exchanger. The cytoplasmic segment containing PKA consensus sites, which is crucial for cAMP activation, is unnecessary for stimulation by PKC activators.
A Density Based Algorithm for Discovering Density Varied Clusters in Large Spatial Databases (2010)

DBSCAN is a base algorithm for density based clustering. It can detect the clusters of different shapes and sizes from the large amount of data which contains noise and outliers. However, it is fail to handle the local density variation that exists within the cluster. In this paper, we propose a density varied DBSCAN algorithm which is capable to handle local density variation within the cluster. It calculates the growing cluster density mean and then the cluster density variance for any core object, which is supposed to be expended further, by considering density of its -neighborhood with respect to cluster density mean. If cluster density variance for a core object is less than or equal to a threshold value and also satisfying the cluster similarity index, then it will allow the core object for expansion. The experimental results show that the proposed clustering algorithm gives optimized results.
When the Pancreas (1991)

Ann Smith, RN, MSN, CCRN, is the clinical mine specialist in the surgical intensive care unit of Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA.
Local Image Reconstruction and Subpixel Restoration Algorithms (1993)

This paper introduces a new class of reconstruction algorithms that are fundamentally different from traditional approaches. We deviate from the standard practice that treats images as point samples. In this work, image values are treated as area samples generated by nonoverlapping integrators. This is consistent with the image formation process, particularly for CCD and CID cameras. We show that superior results are obtained by formulating reconstruction as a two-stage process: image restoration followed by application of the point spread function (PSF) of the imaging sensor. By coupling the PSF to the reconstruction process, we satisfy a more intuitive fidelity measure of accuracy that is based on the physical limitations of the sensor. Efficient local techniques for image restoration are derived to invert the effects of the PSF and estimate the underlying image that passed through the sensor. The reconstruction algorithms derived herein are local methods that compare favorably to cubic convolution, a well-known local technique, and they even rival global algorithms such as interpolating cubic splines. Evaluations are made by comparing their passband and stopband performances in the frequency domain, as well as by direct inspection of the resulting images in the spatial domain. A secondary advantage of the algorithms derived with this approach is that they satisfy an imaging-consistency property. This means that they exactly reconstruct the image for some function in the given class of functions. Their error can be shown to be at most twice that of the "optimal" algorithm for a wide range of optimality constraints.
Updated Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension (2009)

In 1998, a clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension (PH) was established, categorizing PH into groups which share similar pathological and hemodynamic characteristics and therapeutic approaches. During the 5th World Symposium held in Nice, France, in 2013, the consensus was reached to maintain the general scheme of previous clinical classifications. However, modifications and updates especially for Group 1 patients (pulmonary arterial hypertension [PAH]) were proposed. The main change was to withdraw persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (YPPH) from Group 1 because this entity carries more differences than similarities with other PAH subgroups. In the current classification, PPHN is now designated number 1". Pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic hemolytic anemia has been moved from Group 1 PAH to Group 5, unclear/multifactorial mechanism. In addition, it was decided to add specific items related to pediatric pulmonary hypertension in order to create a comprehensive, common classification for both adults and children. Therefore, congenital or acquired left-heart inflow/outflow obstructive lesions and congenital cardiomyopathies have been added to Group 2, and segmental pulmonary hypertension has been added to Group 5. Last, there were no changes for Groups 2, 3, and 4. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2013;62:D34-41) a 2013 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.
One to One midwives: First-year outcomes of a midwifery-led model (2014)

New models of maternity service provision are currently emerging across the NHS. One to One (North West) Limited was the first Any Qualified Provider (AQP) of midwifery care throughout the maternity continuum, with midwives providing community-based care for women across the risk spectrum. It was also the first non-NHS maternity organisation to gain independent insurance for intrapartum care. One to One commenced a 3-year contract with NHS Wirral in November 2011. This article discusses the care the organisation's midwives offer, and presents routinely collected clinical outcome data and women's testimonies from One to One's first full year of operation. Between 1 November 2011 and 31 October 2012, 711 women were booked, 414 of whom gave birth with One to One. The spontaneous vaginal birth rate was 76% for all births, while the home birth rate was 31%. The article highlights the successes, challenges and opportunities a reconfigured NHS offers for those receiving and providing midwifery care.
Manufacturing issues of electrostatic chucks (1995)

In the past few years, electrostatic chucks (ESCs) have become much more widespread in semiconductor manufacturing equipment. In addition to the elimination of moving parts, ESCs hold the promise to decrease the wafer edge exclusion, that is, to allow more good chips to be made on each wafer. A number of technical, material, and business challenges remain in making ESCs workable and reliable in all tools across the semiconductor factory, or fab. We will discuss issues of clamping force, clamping and declamping time, and wafer temperature control, describing how they affect design and choice of materials. The effect of these choices on adapting ESCs to various tools over various temperature ranges will also be discussed. The role of models and test results in accelerating development will be addressed. Finally, we will list some of the business challenges to implementing ESCs. Despite technical successes, many high-volume fab lines are always reluctant to risk installing new technology, despite promises of improvement. SEMATECH has addressed these issues with the Working Groups that address standard specifications, study early testing results, and share manufacturing performance data.
EPIC: Phase III Trial of Cetuximab Plus Irinotecan After Fluoropyrimidine and Oxaliplatin Failure in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (2008)

Cetuximab and irinotecan improved PFS and RR, and resulted in better QOL versus irinotecan alone. OS was similar between study groups, possibly influenced by the large number of patients in the irinotecan arm who received cetuximab and irinotecan poststudy.
Technological Advances in Stroke Rehabilitation—High Tech Marries High Touch (2010)

Until recently, the rehabilitation of stroke patients relied heavily on treatment that focused on teaching them how to compensate for their physical deficits. However, the latest neurorehabilitation studies show that the concept of neural plasticity (the ability of the brain to repair itself) can be applied effectively to the rehabilitation regimen of such patients, leading to improved outcomes and enhanced functional abilities. Stroke patients with limited voluntary movement could now benefit from technologies such as functional electrical stimulation (FES) combined with necessary repetition of functional tasks (use-dependent plasticity) to enhance the neural repair process and improve outcomes, thus enabling them to begin to overcome their previous limitations and to improve their physical capabilities.
An innovative software tool suite for power plant model validation and parameter calibration using PMU measurements (2017)

Maintaining good quality of power plant stability models is of critical importance to ensure the secure and economic operation and planning of today's power grid with its increasing stochastic and dynamic behavior. According to North American Electric Reliability (NERC) standards, all generators in North America with capacities larger than 10 MVA are required to validate their models every five years. Validation is quite costly and can significantly affect the revenue of generator owners, because the traditional staged testing requires generators to be taken offline. Over the past few years, validating and calibrating parameters using online measurements including phasor measurement units (PMUs) and digital fault recorders (DFRs) has been proven to be a cost-effective approach. In this paper, an innovative open-source tool suite is presented for validating power plant models. The tool suit includes a Power Plant Model Validation (PPMV) tool to check model performance, trajectory sensitivity analysis tool for assessing the effect of parameter variation, and an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) based algorithm tool for parameter calibration. In this paper, the architectural design of the tool suite is described; in addition, the detailed procedures to run the tool suite are presented. Results of tests on a realistic hydro power plant using PMU measurements for 12 different events are documented. The calibrated parameters of the generator, exciter, governor and PSS models demonstrate much better performance than the original models for all the events considered and show the robustness of the proposed calibration algorithm.
Rapid Commit Option for the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol version 4 (DHCPv4) (2005)

This document defines a new Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol version 4 (DHCPv4) option, modeled on the DHCPv6 Rapid Commit option, for obtaining IP address and configuration information using a 2-message exchange rather than the usual 4-message exchange, expediting client configuration.
An Untethered Sensor Platform for Logging Vertical Wells (2017)

The measurement of fluid and rock properties within oil and gas wells is critical to efficient hydrocarbon production. These data are generally acquired by wireline logging, where sensors are lowered into the well at the end of a long cable. The handling of this cable adds significant cost to downhole data acquisition. In this paper, a proof of concept demonstration of an untethered sensor platform for logging vertical wells is presented. The platform is the size of a golf ball and works based on buoyancy change. The buoyant sensor housing and electronics initially holds a weight such that it sinks in the well. It releases the weight when it reaches a programmed depth and floats back up to the surface, logging data during the whole operation. The data are downloaded after retrieving the sensor. This miniaturized, tetherless platform can reduce the cost of logging operations and pave the way for semipermanent downhole sensors.
Haptic-feedback smart glove as a creative human-machine interface (HMI) for virtual/augmented reality applications (2020)

Human-machine interfaces (HMIs) experience increasing requirements for intuitive and effective manipulation. Current commercialized solutions of glove-based HMI are limited by either detectable motions or the huge cost on fabrication, energy, and computing power. We propose the haptic-feedback smart glove with triboelectric-based finger bending sensors, palm sliding sensor, and piezoelectric mechanical stimulators. The detection of multidirectional bending and sliding events is demonstrated in virtual space using the self-generated triboelectric signals for various degrees of freedom on human hand. We also perform haptic mechanical stimulation via piezoelectric chips to realize the augmented HMI. The smart glove achieves object recognition using machine learning technique, with an accuracy of 96%. Through the integrated demonstration of multidimensional manipulation, haptic feedback, and AI-based object recognition, our glove reveals its potential as a promising solution for low-cost and advanced human-machine interaction, which can benefit diversified areas, including entertainment, home healthcare, sports training, and medical industry.
Kinetic Characterization of Wild-Type and S229A Mutant MurB:  Evidence for the Role of Ser 229 as a General Acid (1997)

X-ray derived structural data predicted that serine 229 was positioned to act as a proton donor to the developing C2 carbanion during the reduction of enolpyruvyl-UDP-N-acetylglucosamine catalyzed by the bacterial peptidoglycan biosynthetic flavoenzyme MurB. To investigate this effect, a mutant where serine 229 was replaced by alanine was constructed and purified. Kinetic analysis of the two half-reactions for the mutant enzyme revealed a 9-fold decrease in the reduction of EFlox by NADPH and a dramatic 10(7)-fold decrease in the reoxidation of EFlred with the enolpyruvyl substrate. In addition, studies of S229A with the substrate analog, (E)-enolbutyryl-UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, showed a striking bias of the partitioning toward formation of the (Z) geometric isomer as opposed to formation of the reduced product UDP-methylmuramic acid, which was the predominant product in wild-type MurB. These studies provide evidence for the proposed role of this active-site serine as a general acid catalyst.
Analysis of Optimum Rainwater Tank Size in a Multi-building (2013)

The size of rainwater storage tank is crucial to cost-efficiency of rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems and the optimum capacity is variable with the main purposes of RWH systems which determine the criteria used in calculation. In this research, four scenarios were analyzed to evaluate the differences of optimum tank sizing under different RWH springboards using a daily simulation and economic analysis in a multi-building. Results showed that with the criterion of maximum potable water saving percentage, the ideal capacity was 55m3. The best tank sizing was 85m3 with the criterion of maximum extent to reduce roof runoff but there was economic deficit. With the purpose to obtain the maximum financial savings the best size was 60m3 and the percentage of reduced roof runoff was 72.92%. When there was no saving and deficit, the ideal size was 75m3 and the percentage of reduced roof runoff was 91.15%.
SelectiveNet: A Deep Neural Network with an Integrated Reject Option (2019)

We consider the problem of selective prediction (also known as reject option) in deep neural networks, and introduce SelectiveNet, a deep neural architecture with an integrated reject option. Existing rejection mechanisms are based mostly on a threshold over the prediction confidence of a pre-trained network. In contrast, SelectiveNet is trained to optimize both classification (or regression) and rejection simultaneously, end-to-end. The result is a deep neural network that is optimized over the covered domain. In our experiments, we show a consistently improved risk-coverage trade-off over several well-known classification and regression datasets, thus reaching new state-of-the-art results for deep selective classification.
Identification of gel‐separated proteins by liquid chromatography‐electrospray tandem mass spectrometry: Comparison of methods and their limitations (1998)

We have compared several different experimental systems currently in use in our laboratory for protein identification by high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The efficiency of peptide recovery from trypsin-digested gel bands or electroblotted membrane slices was examined using 35S-labeled yeast proteins, and was found to be in excess of 80%. A dilution series of two standard proteins, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and carbonic anhydrase (CA), was analyzed by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS to determine what amount of protein could be loaded onto a gel and successfully identified, a measure we refer to as the practical detection limit. We were able to identify both standards at the 500 ng level in samples prepared from gel slices, using either a regular spray or a flow-split microspray HPLC-MS interface system. In samples prepared from membrane pieces, carbonic anhydrase was also identified at the 500 ng level, while bovine serum albumin could only be identified in samples of more than 1000 ng. In general, protein identification was slightly better in samples prepared from gels rather than membranes. A dilution series of lesser amounts of the same standard proteins was also analyzed using a gradient capillary LC system and we were able to successfully identify 50 ng of carbonic anhydrase and 100 ng of BSA.