gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correction to Design of Novel Exendin-Based Dual Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (GLP-1)/Glucagon Receptor Agonist (2017)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to Design of Novel Exendin-Based Dual Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (GLP-1)/Glucagon Receptor AgonistAndreas Evers*, Torsten Haack, Martin Lorenz, Martin Bossart, Ralf Elvert, Bernd Henkel, Siegfried Stengelin, Michael Kurz, Maike Glien, Angela Dudda, Katrin Lorenz, Dieter Kadereit, and Michael Wagner*Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 2017, 60, 13, 5941Publication Date (Web):July 5, 2017Publication History Published online5 July 2017Published inissue 13 July 2017https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00887https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00887correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2017 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1079Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (135 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Agonists,Chemical modification,Peptides and proteins,Receptors Get e-Alerts
Dipolar relaxation in a second-order nonlinear optical interpenetrating polymer network (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDipolar relaxation in a second-order nonlinear optical interpenetrating polymer networkJ. I. Chen, S. Marturunkakul, L. Li, R. J. Jeng, J. Kumar, and S. K. TripathyCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 26, 7379–7381Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00078a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00078a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views102Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Abstract PL06-04: Molecular characterization of circulating tumor cells. (2013)

Abstract Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are present at extraordinarily low levels in the blood of patients with non-hematological cancers, but they provide a non-invasive source of cancer cells for potential diagnostic applications, as well as for understanding the process of blood-borne metastasis. We have developed and tested three generations of microfluidic devices for the isolation of CTCs, each with further improvements in automation, processing throughput, and downstream analytical capabilities. The CTC-iChip allows high throughput and high efficiency depletion of normal leukocytes through a microfluidic magnetophoresis device, revealing untagged CTCs. The unbiased isolation of CTCs irrespective of tumor epitopes, together with their presentation in a format where they can be readily manipulated, provides unique opportunities for their detailed molecular characterization. We have previously shown that rising or declining numbers of CTCs are well correlated with tumor progression or therapeutic response; that they can be used to monitor the prevalence of known clinically-relevant mutations; and that changes in their composition can be followed longitudinally during the course of targeted cancer therapies. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is evident among CTCs and evolves dynamically during the course of response or progression following cancer therapy. The heterogeneity of CTC populations is evident in single cell imaging analyses and sequencing studies, with implications for understanding the complexity of metastatic progression and therapeutic responses. Taken together, the application of novel bioengineering technologies to the isolation and analysis of CTCs across multiple different cancer types offers a unique window into the properties of cancer cells that invade into the bloodstream and give rise to metastases. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):PL06-04. Citation Format: Daniel A. Haber, Shyamala Maheswaran, Lecia Sequist, Min Yu, Emre Ozkumur, David Ting, David Miyamoto, Richard Lee, Ajay Shah, Aditya Bardia, Shannon Stott, Mehmet Toner. Molecular characterization of circulating tumor cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2013 Oct 19-23; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):Abstract nr PL06-04.
Efficient Synthesis of Pyropheophorbide-<i>a</i> and Its Derivatives (2004)

A new and simplified method of preparing hexyloxy pyropheophorbide-a (HPPH), a promising agent used in photodynamic therapy, is described. This method is carried out in two processing steps, replacing an older method requiring five steps. This is accomplished by means of a Dieckmann condensation and subsequent thermal decarboxylation, both occurring in the same high-boiling solvent, thus reversing the long-standing trend in which naturally occurring chlorin derivatives with exocyclic rings are often subjected to conditions that open this ring to obtain chlorin derivatives. In the new process, a raw material without an exocyclic ring is used to construct a product containing the exocyclic ring. The new method does not require cryogenic processing or chromatography, removing the most significant obstacles to large-scale preparation of HPPH and its homologues.
3D Ert Applied To The Monitoring Of Joule Heating (1997)

This paper describes the application of three-dimensional Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) to monitor<br>in-situ soil six-phase ohmic-heating (SPOH) at the Integrated Demonstration for VOCs in Soils and Groundwater at<br>Non Arid Sites. The ERT data sets, collected between five pairs of adjacent wells using an array of electrodes<br>located in 4 boreholes, have been previously interpreted with a 2D algorithm (Ramirez and Daily, 1994) to map the<br>changes in conductivity in a clay layer located in the vadose zone over a period of approximately 2 months (before,<br>during and after electrical heating). The objective of this work is to show the usefulness of a new 3D ERT<br>interpretation technique for a complete monitoring of a real 3D underground process. Heating causes moisture<br>content, temperature, and fluid conductivity changes, all of which affect electrical resistivity, and the successful<br>application of ERT provides a three-dimensional view of the subsurface resistivity or conductivity distribution.<br>This information helps us to understand the interaction between heating and the heterogeneous subsurface, the<br>effects of heating on fluid flow and on contaminant removal. The reconstruction of both the background resistivity<br>and of the changes over time, caused by the combined effects of moisture redistribution and heating caused by<br>SPOH and vapor extraction, is enhanced by the 3D interpretation.
Fabrication, characterization and index profile modeling of high-damage resistance Zn-diffused waveguides in congruent and MgO:lithium niobate (1992)

A study of the fabrication and optical properties of planar waveguides fabricated in MgO:LiNbO/sub 3/ and LiNbO/sub 3/ substrates by diffusion of a ZnO film is presented. Transmission electron microscopy was used to show that using ZnO instead of metallic zinc as a source, and maintaining the ZnO film thickness below a prescribed value, greatly reduces second phase precipitation and produces usable waveguides. Dopant and refractive index profiles were characterized by electron microprobe analysis and interference microscopy, respectively. The dependence of the Zn diffusion coefficient on temperature and the dependence of the refractive-index change on Zn concentration are inferred from these measurements. A simple model is also reported which predicts the index profile of the waveguide given the film thickness, diffusion time and temperature. The validity of the model is demonstrated by comparison between calculated profiles and profiles measured by prism coupling and IWKB analysis.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A ligand-specific blockade of the integrin Mac-1 selectively targets pathologic inflammation while maintaining protective host-defense (2018)

Integrin-based therapeutics have garnered considerable interest in the medical treatment of inflammation. Integrins mediate the fast recruitment of monocytes and neutrophils to the site of inflammation, but are also required for host defense, limiting their therapeutic use. Here, we report a novel monoclonal antibody, anti-M7, that specifically blocks the interaction of the integrin Mac-1 with its pro-inflammatory ligand CD40L, while not interfering with alternative ligands. Anti-M7 selectively reduces leukocyte recruitment in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, conventional anti-Mac-1 therapy is not specific and blocks a broad repertoire of integrin functionality, inhibits phagocytosis, promotes apoptosis, and fuels a cytokine storm in vivo. Whereas conventional anti-integrin therapy potentiates bacterial sepsis, bacteremia, and mortality, a ligand-specific intervention with anti-M7 is protective. These findings deepen our understanding of ligand-specific integrin functions and open a path for a new field of ligand-targeted anti-integrin therapy to prevent inflammatory conditions.
Expression and Function of a Proapoptotic Bcl-2 Family Member Bcl-XL/Bcl-2-Associated Death Promoter (BAD) in Rat Ovary* (1997)

Bcl-2-related anti- and proapoptotic proteins are important in the decision step of the intracellular death program upstream from the caspase proteases. Targeted overexpression of Bcl-2 in ovarian somatic cells of transgenic mice leads to decreased apoptosis of granulosa cells and is associated with higher ovulation rate, increased litter size, and ovarian teratoma formation. The ability of exogenous Bcl-2 proteins to promote follicle cell survival suggests that the transgene can bind to endogenous ovarian Bcl-2 family members and modulate the intracellular apoptosis process in favor of cell survival. We used the yeast two-hybrid system to search for ovarian Bcl-2 interacting proteins. The screening of an ovarian fusion complementary DNA library yielded several clones encoding for the death agonist Bcl-XL/Bcl-2-associated death promoter (BAD). Dimerization of Bcl-2-related proteins mediated by the consensus Bcl-2 homology (BH) domains is essential for their apoptosis-regulating function. Consistent with these observations, yeast two-hybrid assays indicated that the interaction of Bcl-2 with BAD is dependent on both BH4 and BH2 domains of Bcl-2. Northern blot analysis showed a wide distribution of BAD messenger RNA (mRNA) in diverse tissues with highest levels in the lung, ovary, uterus, and brain. In situ hybridization analysis indicated BAD mRNA expression in granulosa cells of different sizes of follicles and also in the theca and interstitial cells. BAD mRNA was expressed in the ovaries between postnatal 15-27 days and did not alter during the developmentally occurring apoptosis found about postnatal day 18 when the first group of early antral follicles were formed. Similarly, BAD mRNA levels did not change during follicle atresia induced by estrogen withdrawal in immature rats. To study the role of BAD in the ovary, BAD complementary DNA was transfected into primary cultures of granulosa cells and in a gonadal tumor cell line. Overexpression of BAD induced apoptosis in both cell types, and the effect of BAD was reversed by a membrane-permeable caspase inhibitor, indicating that BAD induces apoptosis via the activation of caspase cysteine proteases. In summary, the death agonist BAD was identified as a Bcl-2-interacting protein in the ovary, and BAD mRNA is constitutively expressed in granulosa cells, suggesting that BAD is an essential part of the ovarian cell death process. Because BAD overexpression in granulosa cells leads to apoptosis, future studies on ovarian BAD binding proteins and hormonal regulation of the interactions among different Bcl-2 family members could provide a better understanding of the cellular mechanism of ovarian follicle atresia.
User Pairing, Link Selection and Power Allocation for Cooperative NOMA\n Hybrid VLC/RF Systems (2019)

Despite the promising high-data rate features of visible light communications\n(VLC), they still suffer from unbalanced services due to blockages and channel\nfluctuation among users. This paper introduces and evaluates a new transmission\nscheme which adopts cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (Co-NOMA) in\nhybrid VLC/radio-frequency (RF) systems, so as to improve both system sum-rate\nand fairness. Consider a network consisting of one VLC access point (AP) and\nmultiple strong and weak users, where each weak user is paired with a strong\nuser. Each weak user can be served either directly by the VLC AP, or via the\nstrong user which converts light information received through the VLC link, and\nforwards the information to the weak user via the RF link. The paper then\nmaximizes a network-wide weighted sum-rate, so as to jointly determine the\nstrong-weak user-pairs, the serving link of each weak user (i.e., either direct\nVLC or hybrid VLC/RF), and the power of each user message, subject to user\nconnectivity and transmit power constraints. The paper tackles such a\nmixed-integer non-convex optimization problem using an iterative approach.\nSimulations show that the proposed scheme significantly improves the VLC\nnetwork performance (i.e., sum-rate and fairness) as compared to the\nconventional NOMA scheme.\n
A Highly Efficient Synthesis of <i>Z</i>‐Macrocycles Using Stereoretentive, Ruthenium‐Based Metathesis Catalysts (2017)

A highly efficient, Z-selective ring-closing metathesis system for the formation of macrocycles using a stereoretentive, ruthenium-based catalyst supported by a dithiolate ligand is reported. The catalyst is remarkably active as observed in initiation experiments showing complete catalyst initiation at -20 °C within 10 minutes. Macrocyclization reactions generated Z-products from easily accessible diene starting materials bearing a Z-olefin moiety. This approach provides a more efficient and selective route to Z-macrocycles relative to previously reported systems. Reactions were completed within shorter reaction times, and turnover numbers of up to 100 could be achieved. Macrocyclic lactones ranging in size from twelve- to seventeen-membered rings were synthesized in moderate to high yields (67-79 %) with excellent Z-selectivity (95-99 %).
RAMP: Impact of rule based aggregator business model for residential microgrid of prosumers including distributed energy resources (2014)

This paper discusses an economically profitable way to deploy a residential microgrid incorporating a new market entity “residential aggregator” between the prosumers and the Utility. In this residential microgrid, the residential aggregators will have better negotiating capabilities (e.g. in the DR programs) in the electricity market and therefore will be able to bring economic advantages to all participating stakeholders (prosumers, Utility, and aggregator). However, to implement such a microgrid, various rules regarding electricity pricing will need to be put in place. This paper highlights such rules and their impacts, and two example use cases are used to show the different types of distributed energy resources that would be required for profitable residential microgrid deployment.
Active Oxygen Species in the Induction of Plant Systemic Acquired Resistance by Salicylic Acid (1993)

A complementary DNA encoding a salicylic acid (SA)-binding protein has been cloned. Its properties suggest involvement in SA-mediated induction of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in plants. The sequence of the protein is similar to that of catalases and the protein exhibits catalase activity. Salicylic acid specifically inhibited the catalase activity in vitro and induced an increase in H2O2 concentrations in vivo. H2O2 or compounds, such as SA, that inhibit catalases or enhance the generation of H2O2, induced expression of defense-related genes associated with SAR. Thus, the action of SA in SAR is likely mediated by elevated amounts of H2O2.
Towards early detection of age-related macular degeneration with tetracyclines and FLIM (2018)

Recently, we discovered microscopic spherules of hydroxyapatite (HAP) in aged human sub-retinal pigment epithelial (sub-RPE) deposits in the retinas of aged humans (PMID: 25605911), and developed evidence that the spherules may act to nucleate the growth of sub-RPE deposits such as drusen. Drusen are clinical hallmarks of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We found that tetracycline-family antibiotics, long known to stain HAP in teeth and bones, also stained the HAP spherules, but in general the HAP-bound fluorescence excitation and emission spectra overlapped with the well-known autofluorescence of the RPE overlying drusen, making them difficult to resolve. However, we also found that certain tetracyclines exhibited substantial increases in fluorescence lifetime upon binding to HAP, and moreover these lifetimes were substantially greater than those previously observed (Dysli, et al., 2014) for autofluorescence in the human retina in vivo. Thus we were able to image the HAP spherules by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) in cadaveric retinas of aged humans. These findings suggest that FLIM imaging of tetracycline binding to HAP could become a diagnostic tool for the development and progression of AMD.
Improved compressed sensing multiplexing for PET detector readout (2012)

We have developed new multiplexing method based on compressed sensing (CS) for PET detector readouts. Unlike presently known multiplexing methods, this new scheme can accurately measure the energy and position of pile up events while improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the detector. We introduce a new method for constructing sensing matrices with superior performance over commonly used "random construction" CS methods. Using a maximum-likelihood decoder that we have previously developed, we show through simulations that the new multiplexing method can position intercrystal scatter events and pile up with nearly 100% accuracy. Further, the new multiplexing method yields a 40-1260% improvement in SNR compared to cross-strip multiplexing at a 4-to-1 multiplexing ratio.
Inhibition by Dietary Benzylselenocyanate of Hepatocarcinogenesis Induced by Azoxymethane in Fischer 344 Rats<sup>1</sup> (1989)

The effect of dietary benzylselenocyanate (BSC), a novel organoselenium compound and its sulfur analog, benzylthiocyanate (BTC), on hepatocarcinogenesis induced by azoxymethane (AOM) was investigated in male F344 rats. Eighty-one weanling rats were divided into 3 groups and were raised on a semipurified diet (control diet). Starting from 5 weeks of age, groups of animals consuming the control diet were fed one of the experimental diets containing 25 ppm BSC or BTC. An additional group was continued on the control diet. At 7 weeks of age, animals were given weekly sc injections of AOM (15 mg/kg body weight once weekly for 2 weeks). One week after the second AOM injection, those groups receiving BSC and BTC diets were transferred to the control diet and continued on this diet until termination of the experiment at 34 weeks after the last AOM injection. For quantitative analysis of enzyme-altered liver cell foci, glutathione S-transferase placental form was stained by an immunohistochemical technique. The results indicate that the incidence and the density of the enzyme-altered foci were significantly lower in AOM-treated rats fed the diet containing 25 ppm BSC (foci incidence 56%, foci density 2.43/cm2) than in AOM-treated animals fed the control diet (foci incidence 92%, foci density 4.79/cm2). The incidence of small altered foci was significantly inhibited in rats fed the BTC diet (35%) as compared to those fed the control diet (68%), but the degree of inhibition was more pronounced in animals fed the BSC diet than in those fed the BTC diet.
Motion-corrected compressed-sensing enables robust spiral first-pass perfusion imaging with whole heart coverage (2014)

Background First-pass perfusion imaging using CMR is an important tool for diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD), but most clinical techniques are limited in their spatial coverage. While compressed-sensing (CS) holds promise for highly accelerated perfusion spiral imaging, CS techniques suffer from blurring artifacts in the setting of respiratory motion. Spiral pulse sequences have multiple advantages for myocardial perfusion imaging including high acquisition efficiency, high signal to noise (SNR) and robustness to motion and for CS including a relatively incoherent aliasing pattern. Thus, we develop a whole heart spiral first-pass perfusion sequence combined with robust motion-correction.
New Catalytic Route to Alkynylgermanes (2007)

Vinyl-trisubstituted germanes react selectively with terminal alkynes in the presence of compounds containing Ru−H and Ru−Ge bonds with formation of functionalized alkynylgermanes. The reaction opens the first transition metal catalytic route for the preparation of this class of organogermanes, which are useful reagents for organic synthesis. The mechanism elucidated by NMR spectroscopic study of stoichiometric reactions shows that this process is a new catalytic activation of an sp-hybridized C−H bond involving the previously discovered activation of the C−Ge bond.