gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DVD+R - a write-once optical recording system for video and data applications (2003)

This paper discusses the Digital Versatile Disc plus Recordable (DVD+R) system, which can create non-erasable DVD discs perfectly compatible with the installed based of players and computer drives. The physical and logical formats of DVD+R media are very similar to those of the Digital Versatile Disc plus ReWritable (DVD+RW). It is for this reason that the users of DVD+RW data drives and video recorders can easily upgrade their equipment by software means. The DVD+R systems operate with an increased accuracy of linking data in multisession mode, which makes them suitable for appending video files when building large archives.
Nurses As Health Educators: With Emotionally Disturbed Children (1979)

A health education program as part of a service for emotionally disturbed children presents unusual challenges as well as unusual rewards. Such a program should be based upon the unique emotional needs of the child, so that both openness and basic human values can be emphasized. Program structure and process should reflect the over-all philosophy of the service, which means that the roles played by both treatment staff members andparents need to be recognized and integrated into the program. In sum, the nurse who combines theoretical and experiential knowledge is well suited to serve as a specialized health educator who can present an integrated life cycle approach to bodily function and sexuality. Through this approach, emotionally disturbed children can acquire greater knowledge about formerly taboo subjects, and greater maturity in handling their emotional responses to these areas.
Continued use of MDA-MB-435, a melanoma cell line, as a model for human breast cancer, even in year, 2014 (2015)

It is a matter of significant concern, that the articles which refer MDA-MB-435 cell line as a breast cancer cell line are still being published in peer reviewed journals of international repute, even in 2014. 2]
The non-contact precision measurement and noise reduction method for liquid volume metrology (2011)

Liquid volume is one important metrology method for commercial transaction in international trade, and vertical tank is used as main metrology tool. One non-contact optical measurement system was raised by using laser scanning method. The coordinates of vertical tank shell were acquired by phase-shift ranging method and angular measurement, and the set of coordinates is named as data cloud. The measurement errors of distance and angle are 2mm and 2" respectively. Wavelet was applied to noise reduction and curve feature extraction for data cloud. Iterative method was used to deduce the radius at each course height. One 1000m<sup>3</sup> vertical tank used as test object, comparison experiment was carried out with strap method (international arbitral standard). The experimental results show that the noise due to tank shell surface characteristics and laser scanning devices could be filtered satisfactorily, and the local curve features of tank shell were described correctly.
Development of immunization trials against Eimeria spp. (2016)

Coccidiosis is a major intestinal disease affecting economically valuable livestock animals such as chickens and turkeys. Economic losses are associated with decreased productivity in afflicted animals. The different Eimeria spp. are the main etiologic agents for that virulent disease. The usefulness of prophylactic and therapeutic anticoccidial compounds has decreased in recent years due to the emergence of drug resistance in Eimeria, together with their possible toxic effect to the human consumers. Despite that, biosecurity and disinfection measures are the cornerstone to control the emergence of the pathogen, the immunization methods proved to be more practical and promising to prevent outbreaks due to coccidia. Since the early 1950s, several attempts were followed to formulate commercial immunotherapies, but up till now none proved to be sufficient. This review summarizes, classifies, and evaluates the trials performed to prevent avian coccidiosis, thereafter introduces an out of frame scientific strategy to find a solution for that emerging parasite.
Construction of a genetic switch for inducible trans-activation of gene expression in eucaryotic cells (1987)

The cotransfection of selectable marker genes and the gene for the nonstructural proteins NS1 and NS2 of the autonomous parvovirus H-1 failed to produce cell lines that constitutively expressed NS1. A plasmid, pP38NS1cat, was constructed that expressed the NS1-NS2 gene from the H-1 P38 coat protein promoter in place of the natural P4 promoter. The P38 promoter is constitutively weak and is trans-activated by NS1. Stable cell lines were isolated that contained pP38NS1cat that was constitutively silent, but inducible with exogenous NS1 by superinfection or by treatment with sodium butyrate. The cells that were induced for this self-stimulatory genetic circuit did not remain in the culture, suggesting that expression of NS1-NS2 is cytotoxic or that the expression is not sustained. The properties of these cell lines and an example of the construction of a cell line inducible for expression of the viral coat protein gene and the bacterial gene for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) are described.
Pemanfaatan Lingkungan Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Kata Bagi Anak Kesulitan Belajar (2020)

Artikel ini dilatar belakangi oleh Lingkungan sekolah yang sangat mempengaruhi tumbuh kembang anak, terutama dalam pembentukan kepribadian. Sekolah telah menjadi bagian dari kehidupan anak-anak. Mereka disekolah bukan hanya hadir secara fisik, melainkan mengikuti berbagai kegiatan yang telah dirancang dan diprogram sedemikian rupa. Sekolah hadir untuk memfasilitasi pembelajaran sehingga proses pembelajaran dapat terlaksana dengan baik dan transfer ilmu tersampaikan. Sekolah menampung beragam macam anak yang berbeda, baik secara fisik, kognitif, psikomotorik, dan afektifnya. Pembelajaran utama disekolah adalah membaca dan menulis. Masih banyak anak yang kesulitan dalam membaca, hal tersebut dikarenakan daya tangkap setiap anak berbeda. Oleh karena itu sebagai pendidik dituntut aktif dan kreatif dalam penyampaian materi. Lingkungan sekolah sangat berperan penting dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca pada anak. Untuk itu harus dimanfaatkan lebih optimal. Tujuan dibuatnya jurnal ini untuk berbagi ilmu dalam mempermudah pembelajaran membaca pada anak dengan menyuguhkan teknik yang berbeda yang jauh dari kejenuhan. Sehingga anak mudah dalam memahami pelajaran yang disampaikan. Membaca merupakan suatu alat komunikasi yang dapat mempermudah anak dalam segala hal.dengan kemampuan membaca anak tidak mudah terjerumus kejalan yang salah. Dengan pemanfaatan lingkungan sekolah anak dapat belajar banyak dari pengalaman langsung yang dirasakan oleh anak. Lingkungan sekolah banyak memberikan pembelajaran kepada anak,anak pun dapat belajar banyak sehingga dikehidupan selanjutnya ia akan lebih mudah memahami.
PassBio: Privacy-Preserving User-Centric Biometric Authentication (2018)

The proliferation of online biometric authentication has necessitated security requirements of biometric templates. The existing secure biometric authentication schemes feature a <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">server-centric</i> model, where a service provider maintains a biometric database and is fully responsible for the security of the templates. The end-users have to fully trust the server in storing, processing, and managing their private templates. As a result, the end-users’ templates could be compromised by outside attackers or even the service provider itself. In this paper, we propose a <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">user-centric</i> biometric authentication scheme (PassBio) that enables end-users to encrypt their own templates with our proposed light-weighted encryption scheme. During authentication, all the templates remain encrypted such that the server will never see them directly. However, the server is able to determine whether the distance of two encrypted templates is within a pre-defined threshold. Our security analysis shows that no critical information of the templates can be revealed under both passive and active attacks. PassBio follows a “compute-then-compare” computational model over encrypted data. More specifically, our proposed threshold predicate encryption (TPE) scheme can encrypt two vectors x and y in such a manner that the inner product of x and y can be evaluated and compared to a pre-defined threshold. TPE guarantees that only the comparison result is revealed and no key information about x and y can be learned. Furthermore, we show that TPE can be utilized as a flexible building block to evaluate different distance metrics, such as Hamming distance and Euclidean distance over encrypted data. Such a compute-then-compare computational model, enabled by TPE, can be widely applied in many interesting applications, such as searching over encrypted data while ensuring data security and privacy.
Decoherence of a Josephson qubit due to coupling to two-level systems (2005)

Noise and decoherence are major obstacles to the implementation of Josephson junction qubits in quantum computing. Recent experiments suggest that two-level systems (TLS) in the oxide tunnel barrier are a source of decoherence. We explore two decoherence mechanisms in which these two-level systems lead to the decay of Rabi oscillations that result when Josephson junction qubits are subjected to strong microwave driving. (A) We consider a Josephson qubit coupled resonantly to a two-level system, i.e., the qubit and TLS have equal energy splittings. As a result of this resonant interaction, the occupation probability of the excited state of the qubit exhibits beating. Decoherence of the qubit results when the two-level system decays from its excited state by emitting a phonon. (B) Fluctuations of the two-level systems in the oxide barrier produce fluctuations and $1∕f$ noise in the Josephson junction critical current ${I}_{0}$. This in turn leads to fluctuations in the qubit energy splitting that degrade the qubit coherence. We compare our results with experiments on Josephson junction phase qubits.
White matter disease in AIDS: findings at MR imaging. (1988)

A review of the magnetic resonance (MR) images of 365 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) revealed that 112 (31%) had signal abnormalities confined to the white matter. Four patterns were observed: (a) diffuse: widespread involvement of a large area; (b) patchy: localized involvement with ill-defined margins; (c) focal: well-defined areas of involvement; and (d) punctate: small foci less than 1 cm in diameter. Clinical or pathologic findings were available in 60 of the 112 patients and were correlated with the white matter patterns seen on MR images. The diffuse pattern correlated with AIDS dementia complex (ADC), which was the most common clinical diagnosis. Patchy or punctate lesions may be seen with ADC but are less common. Focal white matter lesions were not seen in patients with ADC but were seen in all six patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, in both patients with lymphoma, and in one patient with toxoplasmosis. The authors conclude that white matter lesions are are common in AIDS and are often secondary to direct infection of the brain with human immunodeficiency virus, which causes the ADC and usually produces a diffuse white matter pattern. Biopsy is probably not indicated in these patients. Focal white matter lesions suggest a focal infection or tumor, and biopsy may be warranted.
Preparation, Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation of 1- and 4-Month Controlled Release Orntide PLA and PLGA Microspheres (2000)

Orntide acetate was successfully incorporated into PLA and PLGA ms and the 1- and 4-month in vitro release profiles were achieved by polymer selection and optimization of the manufacturing parameters.
Increased serum soluble CD40 levels in patients with systemic sclerosis. (2007)

Elevated serum sCD40 levels were associated with lcSSc. These results suggest that the blockade of CD40/CD40 ligand interaction could be a potential therapeutic strategy in SSc.
Lessons from a "living in a database" graphical query interface (1984)

The Living In a Database system (LID) is a user-friendly interface to an entity-relationship database Its underlying ideas are similar to Cattell's PDB [Cattell 80], but its presentation is significantly different LID uses a bit-mapped graphics terminal with mouse pointer to create an attractive interaction environment. Experience from the implementation suggests that dynamic graphic displays --- those which have graphic symbols that change as the data they present change --- are an important feature in user interfaces but are difficult to implement with current technology The implementation also uncovers an important inadequacy in the PDB/LID idea the inability to operate on sets of data instances in the same way as individual data instances An extension to LID is suggested to alleviate the problem.
Phacoemulsification without preoperative topical mydriatics: Induction and sustainability of mydriasis with intracameral mydriatic solution (2014)

Intracameral solution containing 0.5% lignocaine and 0.001% epinephrine provides rapid mydriasis which is adequate for safe phacoemulsification and is unaffected by other parameters.
Genetic Factors in Animal Models of Intestinal Inflammation (1995)

The critical importance of host genetic susceptibility in determining chronicity, aggressiveness and complications of intestinal inflammation is clearly demonstrated by studies of inbred rodents, transgenic rats and spontaneous mutants. Inbred Lewis rats challenged by purified bacterial cell wall polymers, indomethacin or small bowel bacterial overgrowth develop chronic granulomatous intestinal inflammation with fibrosis and extraintestinal manifestations, whereas Fischer (major histocompatibility complex identical to Lewis) and Buffalo rats identically stimulated demonstrate only self‐limited enterocolitis with no chronic inflammation, fibrosis, granulomas or extraintestinal inflammation. Similar differential patterns of intestinal inflammation are apparent in inbred mouse strains challenged with trinitrobenzene‐sulphonic acid, Citrobacter freundii or backcrossed with T cell receptor deficient (knockout) mice. The dominant role of genetic background in induction of intestinal inflammation is further documented by spontaneous colitis which develops in spontaneously mutant mice, cotton‐top tamarins, human leukocyte antigen‐B27/ β2 microglobulin transgenic rats and mice with targeted deletions of certain immunoregulatory cytokine and T lymphocyte genes. Identification of the immunological mechanisms of host genetic susceptibility and the genetic basis of spontaneous colitis should provide new insights into the pathogenesis of human inflammatory bowel disease.
Lipids in liver transplant recipients (2016)

Hyperlipidemia is very common after liver transplantation and can be observed in up to 71% of patients. The etiology of lipid disorders in these patients is multifactorial, with different lipid profiles observed depending on the immunosuppressive agents administered and the presence of additional risk factors, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus and nutrition. Due to recent improvements in survival of liver transplant recipients, the prevention of cardiovascular events has become more important, especially as approximately 64% of liver transplant recipients present with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Management of dyslipidemia and of other modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes and smoking, has therefore become essential in these patients. Treatment of hyperlipidemia after liver transplantation consists of life style modification, modifying the dose or type of immunosuppressive agents and use of lipid lowering agents. At the start of administration of lipid lowering medications, it is important to monitor drug-drug interactions, especially between lipid lowering agents and immunosuppressive drugs. Furthermore, as combinations of various lipid lowering drugs can lead to severe side effects, such as myopathies and rhabdomyolysis, these combinations should therefore be avoided. To our knowledge, there are no current guidelines targeting the management of lipid metabolism disorders in liver transplant recipients. This paper therefore recommends an approach of managing lipid abnormalities occurring after liver transplantation.
Total Synthesis of Sanglifehrin A (1999)

The immunosuppressive agent sanglifehrin A has been prepared for the first time by total synthesis. The construction of the macrocyclic unit of the target molecule was achieved through a selective intramolecular Stille coupling, and the spirolactam unit by Paterson-aldol reactions. The final steps involve an intermolecular Stille coupling and the opening of the internal acetal unit. This convergent synthesis opens the way for the synthesis of libraries of novel sanglifehrin analogues for biological screening.
Nucleophilic substitutions at an indole β-position (1977)

Intramolecular substitution by oxygen nucleophiles at N-benzenesulphonylindole β-positions, with loss of benzene sulphinate, and the use of this novel process for the synthesis of oxepino[2,3:b]indoles are described.
Single-trial ERPs elicited by visual stimuli at two contrast levels: Analysis of ongoing EEG and latency/amplitude jitters (2012)

To analyze the trial-to-trial variability in brain dynamics in response to visual stimuli at high- and low-contrast levels, three factors (i.e. ongoing EEG, latency jitter and amplitude jitter of ERP components) were analyzed in this preliminary study. Eight subjects were recruited to perform a visual discriminate task when electrical activity was recorded. Results derived from PO4 showed that: 1) P1 and N1 latency deviated from normal distribution under either stimulus condition; 2) the peak latency of P1 and N1 was shortened distinctly in response to high-contrast stimulus; 3) high-contrast stimulus consistently elicited larger P1-N1 amplitude, which implied the relative amplitude was likely a more reliable measurement of visual stimulus intensity.
Asymmetric hydrogenations (Nobel lecture). (2002)

The start of the development of catalysts for asymmetric hydrogenation was the concept of replacing the triphenylphosphane ligand of the Wilkinson catalyst with a chiral ligand. With the new catalysts, it should be possible to hydrogenate prochiral olefins. Knowles and his co-workers were convinced that the phosphorus atom played a central role in this selectivity, as only chiral phosphorus ligands such as (R,R)-DIPAMP, whose stereogenic center lies directly on the phosphorus atom, lead to high enantiomeric excesses when used as catalysts in asymmetric hydrogenation reactions. This hypothesis was disproven by the development of ligands with chiral carbon backbones. Although the exact mechanism of action of the phosphane ligands is not incontrovertibly determined to this day, they provide a simple entry to a large number of chiral compounds.
Using SPME-GC/REMPI-TOFMS to Measure the Volatile Odor-Active Compounds in Freshly Cooked Rice (2020)

The volatile odor-active compounds of cooked rice were evaluated using a method that combined solid-phase microextraction (SPME) with gas chromatography-resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC/REMPI-TOFMS). An SPME fiber was held at the upper levels of the cooked rice and given an extraction time of 5 min. By using a nanosecond ultraviolet (266 nm) pulsed laser for ionization, two compounds, 4-vinylphenol and indole, which are considered to be important for the characteristic flavor of cooked rice, could be detected from all types of cultivars measured in the present study-nonglutinous rice, glutinous rice, and aromatic rice. In the case of fresh nonglutinous rice, the amounts of introduction for 4-vinylphenol and indole to GC were ca. 70 and 20 pg, respectively. While both peak areas decreased with increases in the time needed to maintain warmth, the decreasing behaviors differed slightly with a noteworthy rapid decrease for indole. For nonglutinous rice, the peak areas for 4-vinylphenol were almost the same, whether it was fresh (measured within 1 month from harvest) or aged (measured 6-12 months after harvest), but those of indole significantly decreased following storage. We also found differences among cultivars: the peak area for 4-vinylphenol in nonglutinous rice was somewhat strong; the peak area for indole was intensely strong in glutinous rice; however, the peak areas for both 4-vinylphenol and indole were weak in aromatic rice. Volatile odor-active compounds were detected in a sensitive and time-resolved manner; therefore, the proposed method could be useful for differentiating varieties of cooked rice from the viewpoints of cooking conditions, freshness, and cultivar types.
Multiple Independent Emergences of Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Polioviruses during a Large Outbreak in Northern Nigeria (2013)

Since 2005, a large poliomyelitis outbreak associated with type 2 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV2) has occurred in northern Nigeria, where immunization coverage with trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (tOPV) has been low. Phylogenetic analysis of P1/capsid region sequences of isolates from each of the 403 cases reported in 2005 to 2011 resolved the outbreak into 23 independent type 2 vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV2) emergences, at least 7 of which established circulating lineage groups. Virus from one emergence (lineage group 2005-8; 361 isolates) was estimated to have circulated for over 6 years. The population of the major cVDPV2 lineage group expanded rapidly in early 2009, fell sharply after two tOPV rounds in mid-2009, and gradually expanded again through 2011. The two major determinants of attenuation of the Sabin 2 oral poliovirus vaccine strain (A481 in the 5'-untranslated region [5'-UTR] and VP1-Ile143) had been replaced in all VDPV2 isolates; most A481 5'-UTR replacements occurred by recombination with other enteroviruses. cVDPV2 isolates representing different lineage groups had biological properties indistinguishable from those of wild polioviruses, including efficient growth in neuron-derived HEK293 cells, the capacity to cause paralytic disease in both humans and PVR-Tg21 transgenic mice, loss of the temperature-sensitive phenotype, and the capacity for sustained person-to-person transmission. We estimate from the poliomyelitis case count and the paralytic case-to-infection ratio for type 2 wild poliovirus infections that ∼700,000 cVDPV2 infections have occurred during the outbreak. The detection of multiple concurrent cVDPV2 outbreaks in northern Nigeria highlights the risks of cVDPV emergence accompanying tOPV use at low rates of coverage in developing countries.