gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-time sound propagation and noise modeling in outdoor environments using Equivalent Source Formulation (2012)

We address the problem of wave-based sound propagation in outdoor and urban environments. The goal is to accurately simulate acoustic effects, including interference, diffraction, scattering, and higher-order wave effects in large outdoor scenes. We give an overview of a precomputed wave-based solver that is based on equivalent source method and is mainly applicable to large, open scenes [Mehra et al. 2012]. As part of a preprocessing step, it computes a per-object transfer function that models the scattering behavior of each object, and handles pair-wise acoustic coupling between objects using inter-object transfer functions. The runtime component involves fast summation over all outgoing equivalent sources for all objects at the listener location. We highlight its runtime performance and memory efficiency and use it for noise modeling and prediction in outdoor scenes spanning a few hundreds of meters. The sound field is computed in three dimensions, modeling frequency-dependent propagation above ceilings, around buildings and corners, and high-order interactions.
[Development and Clinical Application of Glycan-Targeted Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer]. (2017)

Prostate cancer (PCa) is now the most common male malignant tumor in both Japan and Western countries. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has been widely used for the early detection of PCa; however, it is not an ideal biomarker due to its low specificity. Aberrant glycosylation is closely associated with malignant transformation and cancer progression. Recent advances in glycobiology techniques can be applied to the development of novel biomarkers for PCa. We previously identified PCa-associated aberrant glycosylation on PSA, that is, α2,3-linked sialylation as an additional terminal N-glycan on free PSA(S2,3PSA). We then developed a new assay system for the measurement of S2,3PSA utilizing the μTAS method. The area under the curve (AUC) for the detection of PCa with the %S2,3PSA ratio was significantly better than that with total PSA. Another urgent issue in clinical practice for PCa is the over-treatment of patients with a low malignant potential, as aggressive treatment is not necessary. To overcome this problem, it is essential to develop a useful tool for the measurement of the malignant potential. Core2 ,β-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-1 (GCNT1, C2GnT) is a key enzyme that forms core 2-branched 0-glycans. Its expression is associated with the progression of several cancers. We established a mouse IgG monoclonal antibody (mAb) against GCNT1 and examined the relationship of GCNT1 expression with the clinicopathological status of PCa. GCNT1- negative patients were associated with significantly better PSA-free survival compared with GCNT1-positive patients. Furthermore, we established new methods for GCNT1 detection using urine samples of PCa patients. Immunoblotting was used to examine post-digital rectal examination (DRE) urine from PCa patients. Over 90% of GCNT1-positive PCa patients with high concentrations of serum PSA showed extracapsular extension in prostatectomy specimens. In conclusion, the clinical application of glycobiology techniques is a promising approach to develop novel biomarkers for PCa.
Waveguide-coupled detector in zero-change complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (2015)

We report a waveguide-coupled photodetector realized in a standard CMOS foundry without requiring changes to the process flow (zero-change CMOS). The photodetector exploits carrier generation in the silicon-germanium normally utilized as stressor in pFETs. The measured responsivity and 3 dB bandwidth are of 0.023 A/W at a wavelength of 1180 nm and 32 GHz at −1 V bias (18 GHz at 0 V bias). The dark current is less than 10 pA and the dynamic range is larger than 60 dB.
A Dominant-Negative Approach That Prevents Diphthamide Formation Confers Resistance to Pseudomonas Exotoxin A and Diphtheria Toxin (2010)

Diphtheria toxin (DT), Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exotoxin A (ETA) and cholix toxin from Vibrio cholerae share the same mechanism of toxicity; these enzymes ADP-rybosylate elongation factor-2 (EF-2) on a modified histidine residue called diphthamide, leading to a block in protein synthesis. Mutant Chinese hamster ovary cells that are defective in the formation of diphthamide have no distinct phenotype except their resistance to DT and ETA. These observations led us to predict that a strategy that prevents the formation of diphthamide to confer DT and ETA resistance is likely to be safe. It is well documented that Dph1 and Dph2 are involved in the first biochemical step of diphthamide formation and that these two proteins interact with each other. We hypothesized that we could block diphthamide formation with a dominant negative mutant of either Dph1 or Dph2. We report in this study the first cellular-targeted strategy that protects against DT and ETA toxicity. We have generated Dph2(C-), a dominant-negative mutant of Dph2, that could block very efficiently the formation of diphthamide. Cells expressing Dph2(C-) were 1000-fold more resistant to DT than parental cells, and a similar protection against Pseudomonas exotoxin A was also obtained. The targeting of a cellular component with this approach should have a reduced risk of generating resistance as it is commonly seen with antibiotic treatments.
Issues in corpus based speech synthesis (2000)

This paper reviews the main components of large database, concatenative speech synthesis systems. The design of these components can have an important influence on the system performance (in terms of memory and CPU) and, more importantly, on the speech quality itself. The main design questions to be addressed concern the speech database, the waveform selector and the waveform concatenator. The paper describes the key issues involved, with reference to how we tackled these issues in our laboratory systems.
Photochromic Diarylethene-Containing Ionic Liquids and N-Heterocyclic Carbenes (2009)

The design and synthesis of a series of photochromic diarylethene-containing Arduengo-type N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) of gold(I), silver(I) and palladium(II) and their imidazolium salt precursors are reported. Reversible photochromic behavior was observed. The open form and the closed form also show different luminescence properties. The electronic and conformational/steric changes associated with the photocyclization and photocycloreversion reactions may open up new opportunities for the discovery of new classes of photochromic ligands and metal-containing materials and catalysts with photoswitchable functions and activities and regio-/enantioselectivities.
Improved control techniques for IPM motor drives on vehicle application (2003)

The interior permanent magnet (IPM) motor has been popular in both hybrid and fuel cell electric vehicles due to its high efficiency, high torque density and low phase current. Automobiles require both a wide speed range and low power consumption. Peak torque per ampere, regenerative braking and constant power range are critical to maximizing overall vehicle efficiency. Improved control techniques show better performance for vehicle application (limited power source, rapid response of speed and torque). During flux-weakening, a bottom line of maximum torque current is set and controlled. For smooth torque control, flux current is regulated by torque current rather than torque.
Low-power synchronous-to-asynchronous-tosynchronous interlocked pipelined CMOS circuits operating at 3.3 - 4.5 GHz (2003)

Interlocked pipelined CMOS (IPCMOS), a new asynchronous set of clock circuits suitable for high-frequency and low-power operation, is described. In IPCMOS, the reduced power results from enabling the local clocks only when there is an operation to perform and from a simple single-stage latch. The single-stage latch can be used because the locally generated clocks driving adjacent stages are not enabled simultaneously. The combination of enabling the clocks only when there is an operation to perform and the simple latch can lower power by a factor of five to ten times in many applications. In IPCMOS, the staggered local clocks also result in a significant reduction of dynamic Ldi/dt noise. In addition to the locally generated interlocked clocks and the single-stage latch, unique circuits that combine the function of a static NOR and an input switch are key to achieving high performance and minimizing the overhead in the interlocking. In a 0.18-μm bulk CMOS technology, these circuits drive a path through a typical 64-b multiplier stage at 3.3-4.5 GHz on an experimental chip. IPCMOS also provides a way to implement the interface between asynchronous and synchronous portions of a design, thereby giving the approach a great deal of flexibility by making it possible to drop IPCMOS into portions of an existing synchronous design.
Detection of cervical precancer using optical spectroscopy (Extended Abstract) (1996)

The continuing morbidity and mortality rate related to cervical cancer necessitates an improvement in current screening and diagnostic programs that target early detection of its curable precursor, cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL). Optical spectroscopy is a technique that has the capability to improve the accuracy and efficacy of current techniques for the detection of SILs. We have utilized fluorescence spectroscopy for the differential detection of SILs, in vivo and we have also evaluated the utility of near infrared (IR) Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of SILs in vitro.
Planar type electroacoustic transducer and process for manufacturing same (1985)

First Page
Temporal causality for the analysis of visual events (2010)

We present a novel approach to the causal temporal analysis of event data from video content. Our key observation is that the sequence of visual words produced by a space-time dictionary representation of a video sequence can be interpreted as a multivariate point-process. By using a spectral version of the pairwise test for Granger causality, we can identify patterns of interactions between words and group them into independent causal sets. We demonstrate qualitatively that this produces semantically-meaningful groupings, and we demonstrate quantitatively that these groupings lead to improved performance in retrieving and classifying social games from unstructured videos.
Inhibition of Uterine Contractions of Premature Labour with an Oxytocin Analogue (1988)

ÅKERLUND, MATS; STRÖMBERG, PER; HAUKSSON, ARNAR; ANDERSEN, LARS FRANCH; LYNDRUP, JENS; TROJNAR, JERZY; MELIN, PER Author Information
DNase-Mediated Single-Cycle Selection of Aptamers for Proteins Blotted on a Membrane (2012)

We describe a single-cycle DNA aptamer selection strategy that is able to obtain high affinity aptamers (K(d) of sub-nM) directly from a protein blotted on membrane. The key to the success of this strategy is the unique use of DNase I digestion to remove unwanted ssDNA from the membrane, leaving only the strongest bound aptamers. A crude Hepatitis B virus core protein (HBcAg) was separated using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and electro-blotted onto a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane. The membrane strip containing HBcAg and a second membrane strip containing human serum proteins were coincubated with a ssDNA library consisting of ∼10 copies each of 10(15) random sequences. Unbound and weakly bound sequences were efficiently removed from the membrane containing HBcAg using DNase I digestion and gradient wash with urea buffers. The remaining ssDNA bound to the target consisted of approximately 500 molecules, from which two aptamers with high affinity (K(d) ∼100 and 200 pM) were identified. This technique can be potentially used for selection of aptamers directly from multiple proteins that are separated by gel electrophoresis from a biological mixture.
All-Solid-State Lithium Secondary Battery with Li[sub 2]S–C Composite Positive Electrode Prepared by Spark-Plasma-Sintering Process (2010)

Electrochemically active lithium sulfide–carbon composite positive electrodes, prepared by the spark plasma sintering process, were applied to all-solid-state lithium secondary batteries with a glass electrolyte. The electrochemical tests demonstrated that cells showed the initial charge and discharge capacities of ca. 1010 and , respectively, which showed higher discharge capacity and coulombic efficiency (ca. 91%) than the cells with nonaqueous liquid electrolytes (ca. and ca. 27%, respectively). The ex situ S K-edge X-ray absorption fine structure measurements suggested the appearance and disappearance of elemental sulfur in the positive electrodes after charging and discharging, respectively, indicating that the ideal electrochemical reaction proceeded in the present all-solid-state cells. Such ideal electrochemical reaction, due probably to the suppression of the dissolution of in the form of polysulfides into the electrolytes, would result in higher coulombic efficiency and discharge capacity as compared with those of the liquid-electrolyte cells.
Recalibration technique for NDIR gas sensors without the need for gas standards (2012)

Purpose The output of nearly all non‐dispersive infrared (NDIR) gas sensors deployed in the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) industry today cannot maintain their accuracy specifications within six months to a year. Consequently, all installed NDIR gas sensors must be re‐checked for accuracy over time at great costs. The purpose of this paper is to advance a novel technique for expeditiously recalibrating such installed NDIR gas sensors without the need for using any gas standards. Design/methodology/approach By recognizing the fact that the calibration curve for absorption biased designed NDIR gas sensors comprises two distinct domains, namely an invariant NDIR absorption physics domain and a variant sensor components characteristics domain. By formulating a novel recalibration procedure which corrects only changes that have taken place in the variant sensor components characteristics domain over time, it is possible to recalibrate the sensor very rapidly and remotely via wireless or infrared means using only the gas concentration level surrounding the sensor as a reasonably accurate gas standard. Findings Implementation of the currently described recalibration technique to a large number of absorption biased designed NDIR gas sensors has been carried out for over a year in the laboratory. Results of these experiments have unambiguously confirmed the capability and the accuracy of this novel recalibration technique. Originality/value The currently presented recalibration technique for absorption biased designed NDIR gas sensors is original and has never been published elsewhere. This technique significantly reduces the maintenance costs, inclusive of labor and material, for installed NDIR gas sensors that require periodic and mandatory accuracy commissioning over time.
Towards Ubiquitous Intelligent Computing: Heterogeneous Distributed Deep Neural Networks (2018)

For the pursuit of ubiquitous computing, distributed computing systems containing the cloud, edge devices, and Internet-of-Things devices are highly demanded. However, existing distributed frameworks do not tailor for the fast development of Deep Neural Network (DNN), which is the key technique behind many intelligent applications nowadays. Based on prior exploration on distributed deep neural networks (DDNN), we propose Heterogeneous Distributed Deep Neural Network (HDDNN) over the distributed hierarchy, targeting at ubiquitous intelligent computing. While being able to support basic functionalities of DNNs, our framework is optimized for various types of heterogeneity, including heterogeneous computing nodes, heterogeneous neural networks, and heterogeneous system tasks. Besides, our framework features parallel computing, privacy protection and robustness, with other consideration for the combination of heterogeneous distributed system and DNN. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our framework is capable of utilizing hierarchical distributed system better for DNN and tailoring DNN for real-world distributed system properly, which is with low response time, high performance, and better user experience.
Recent Advances in Cerenkov Luminescence and Tomography Imaging (2011)

Molecular imaging can provide qualitative or quantitative physiological and pathological knowledge at the cellular and molecular levels for biomedical research, which has experienced a remarkable growth in recent years. Among molecular imaging techniques, optical molecular imaging has attracted considerable attention in view of its excellent performance and high cost-effectiveness. However, heretofore the experimental objects of optical imaging technique are mainly small animals like rats and mice, and optical imaging can hardly be used for clinical research not only because of the limited tissue penetration, but also due to the scarcity of appropriate imaging probes. As a newly emerging and very promising imaging modality, Cerenkov luminescence employs light signals emitting from radionuclides used in nuclear imaging based on Cerenkov radiation, which can provide more potential optical imaging probes for clinical application and facilitate the realization of multimodality imaging. In this paper, the fundamentals of Cerenkov luminescence are first introduced, and then Cerenkov luminescence imaging and tomography as well as the corresponding biomedical applications are represented. Finally, limitations of Cerenkov luminescence and the discussion of this contribution are covered.
Ischemic spinal cord injury induced by aortic cross-clamping: prevention by riluzole✩ (2000)

Riluzole may protect the spinal cord in a setting of severe ischemia by preventing neuronal necrosis and apoptosis. This drug may therefore be considered for clinical use during 'high risk' surgical procedures on the thoracoabdominal aorta.
Gaseous insulators for high voltage electrical equipment. [Patent application] (1977)

Gaseous insulators comprise compounds having high attachment cross sections for electrons having energies in the 0 to 1.3 electron volt range. Multi-component gaseous insulators comprise compounds and mixtures having overall high electron attachment cross sections in the 0 to 1.3 electron volt range and moderating gases having high cross sections for inelastic interactions with electrons of energies 1 to 4 electron volts. Suitable electron attachment components include hexafluorobutyne, perfluorobutene-2, perfluorocyclobutane, perfluorodimethylcyclobutane, perfluorocyclohexene, perfluoromethylcyclohexane, hexafluorobutadiene, perfluoroheptene-1 and hexafluoroazomethane. Suitable moderating gases include N/sub 2/, CO, CO/sub 2/ and H/sub 2/. The gaseous insulating mixture can also contain SF/sub 6/, perfluoropropane and perfluorobenzene.
Biomechanics of Supination Ankle Sprain (2009)

Ankle sprain is the most common injury in sports, but the mechanism of injury is not clear. Injury mechanisms can be studied through many different approaches. Over the years, ankle kinematics has been studied during simulated subinjury or close-to-injury situations, that is, sudden simulated ankle spraining motion on inversion platforms. Because these tests did not induce real injury, they could only somewhat suggest the ankle kinematics during an ankle sprain injury. The most direct way is to investigate real injuries using biomechanical measuring techniques. However, it is obviously unethical to do experiments where test subjects are purposefully injured. Nevertheless, in rare cases, accidents may occur during biomechanical testing. It has been shown that video sequences from sports competitions can provide limited but valuable information for qualitative ankle injury analysis. However, quantitative biomechanics analysis of sport injury is not easy as it requires calibrated multiview video sequences. This study presented an accidental supination ankle sprain injury that occurred in a laboratory under a high-speed video and plantar pressure capturing setting.
Abstract 13280: Inhibition of miR-33a and b in Non-Human Primates Raises Plasma HDL Cholesterol and Reduces VLDL Triglycerides (2011)

MicroRNAs have emerged as important post-transcriptional regulators of lipid metabolism, and are thus a new class of targets for therapeutic intervention. MicroRNA-33a and b (miR-33a/b) are recentl...
Cryogenic sample stage for the Cameca IMS-3<i>f</i> ion microscope (1985)

A simple and inexpensive cold stage developed for use with the Cameca IMS-3f ion microscope is described. It is easy to use, and temperatures near to that of liquid nitrogen are obtained. Data are presented showing the first analysis of frozen hydrated biological samples with the ion microscope.
Nanoparticle-Based Technologies for the Detection of Food Antioxidants (2012)

Recent advances in nanotechnology provide exciting opportunities for the development of novel and improved technologies for the detection of relevant molecules in food. Nanoparticle based analytical technologies are rapidly emerging at the intersection between analytical chemistry, nanotechnology and the food industry. This review discusses recent advances in the use of nanoparticles and nanostructures for developing analytical assays for the detection of food antioxidants. The assembly of nanoparticles in functional analytical devices, the detection principle of these assays in relation to the physicochemical properties of these nanoparticles and the analytical performance characteristics are reviewed. Selected examples from literature, which illustrate the state-of-the-art and practical applications, as well as hints at future research directions, are discussed.
Synthesis and<i>in-vitro</i>Evaluation of Novel Low Molecular Weight Thiocarbamates as Inhibitors of Human Leukocyte Elastase (2001)

A series of novel low molecular weight thiocarbamate esters (1e-6e) were synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of human leukocyte elastase (HLE). The thiocarbamate esters studied consist of a substituted primary or secondary aliphatic or aromatic amine and a 1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole-5-thiol (Table I). The HLE catalyzed hydrolysis of N-methoxysuccinyl- L-Ala-L-Ala-L-Pro-L-Val-p-nitroanilide substrate was utilized as the measure of inhibition. N-n-butyl, 1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole-5-thiocarbamate (1e) exhibited the highest inhibitory activity (k(obs) /[I] = 2.1 x 10(5) M(-1). min(-1) ) and N-allyl, 1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole-5-thiocarbamate (2e) (K(obs) /[I] = 6.1 x 10(4) M(-1). min(-1) ) exhibited the second highest inhibitory activity of all the thiocarbamates. The aromatic N-phenyl, 1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole-5-thiocarbamate (4e) showed the lowest inhibitory activity (K(obs) /[I] = 1.9 x 10(2) M(-1). min(-1) ) among the N-monosubstituted derivatives, similar to that of N-ethyl-N-n-butyl, 1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole-5-thiocarbamate (5e) (K(obs) /[I] = 1.8 x 10(2) M(-1).min(-1) ). The N-isopropyl, 1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole-5-thiocarbamate (3e) (K(obs) /[I] = 3.3 x 10(3) M(-1).min(-1) ) was about 10 fold more active than (4e) and N, N-diisopropyl, 1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole- 5-thiocarbamate (6e) showed no inhibitory activity against HLE. In the present work less than 3% of HLE specific activity was regained after 24 hours incubation with each of the tested N-monosubstituted thiocarbamates (1e-4e). The time-dependent inhibition of HLE by the thiocarbamate compounds (1e-5e) seems to involve the interaction and possible chemical modification of one enzyme residue. Straight chain nonpolar aliphatic substituents on the nitrogen of the thiocarbamate functionality may be essential for high inhibitory activity. As the degree of substitution (branching) on the nitrogen of the thiocarbamate functionality increases the inhibitory activity of the compounds decreases. The time-dependent inhibition of HLE and the slow deacylation rates by the N-monosubstituted thiocarbamates are consistent with irreversible inhibition.