gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel compact tiltmeter for ocean bottom and other frontier observations (2011)

Long-term observations conducted with large arrays of tiltmeters deployed in ocean-bottom\nboreholes, on the seafloor and in other hazardous regions are expected to provide rich\ninformation useful in geosciences, social engineering, resource monitoring and other\napplications. To facilitate such observations, we designed and built a compact, highly sensitive\ntiltmeter with sufficient performance, comparable to that of much larger instruments that are\ndifficult to operate in the target locations. The new tiltmeter is suitable for observations\nrequiring multiple instruments because its design is optimized for low-cost mass production.\nThis paper describes its key technologies, including a very compact folded pendulum and an\noptical fiber readout. Preliminary results of test observations conducted using a prototype\ntiltmeter are compared with a conventional water-tube tiltmeter.
Scalable Multigigabit Pattern Matching for Packet Inspection (2007)

Abstract—In this paper, we consider hardware-based scanning and analyzing packets payload in order to detect hazardous contents. We present two pattern matching techniques to compare incoming packets against intrusion detection search patterns. The first approach, decoded partial CAM (DpCAM), predecodes in-coming characters, aligns the decoded data, and performs logical AND on them to produce the match signal for each pattern. The second approach, perfect hashing memory (PHmem), uses perfect hashing to determine a unique memory location that contains the search pattern and a comparison between incoming data and memory output to determine the match. Both techniques are well suited for reconfigurable logic and match about 2200 intrusion detection patterns using a single Virtex2 field-programmable gate-array device. We show that DpCAM achieves a throughput between 2 and 8 Gb/s requiring 0.58–2.57 logic cells per search character. On the other hand, PHmem designs can support 2–5.7 Gb/s using a few tens of block RAMs (630–1404 kb) and only 0.28–0.65 logic cells per character. We evaluate both approaches in terms of performance and area cost and analyze their effi-ciency, scalability, and tradeoffs. Finally, we show that our designs achieve at least 30 % higher efficiency compared to previous work, measured in throughput per area required per search character. Index Terms—Packet inspection, pattern matching, perfect hashing, reconfigurable computing. I.
Ultra-high-efficiency metamaterial polarizer (2014)

Conventional polarizers operate by rejecting undesired polarization, which limits their transmission efficiency to much less than 50% when illuminated by unpolarized light. We designed, fabricated, and characterized a multilevel metamaterial linear polarizer that rotates light with polarization perpendicular to its principal axis by 90 deg. Light with polarization parallel to its principal axis is transmitted undisturbed. Thereby, such a polarizer is able to output linearly polarized light from unpolarized input with a transmission efficiency that is substantially higher than the theoretical upper limit of 50%. A nonlinear optimization algorithm was used to design the polarizer, while multilevel focused-ion-beam lithography was used to fabricate it in silicon for the vacuum wavelength, λ0=1550  nm. We experimentally confirmed that the fabricated device enhances the transmission of the desired linear polarization by 100% compared to an unpatterned film, corresponding to a transmission efficiency of ∼74% at the design wavelength. Since our method allows for the generalized manipulation of the amplitude, phase, and polarization of light with high transmission efficiency using ultrathin elements, it should enable the efficient generation of complex vector distributions of light.
A Survey on Clustering Techniques for Big Data Mining (2016)

Background/Objectives: The main objective of this paper is to gather and aggregate data in an efficient manner so that network lifetime is enhanced. Enhanced mechanisms for end-to-end encryption from the sensors to the sink, also termed converge cast traffic, address the concern of reducing both the energy consumption at the sensor nodes and the effect of physical attacks on the nodes. Concealed Data Aggregation provides a good balance between energy-efficiency and security while still allowing data to be processed at the nodes. Methods/Statistical analysis: In this paper, we first outline and discuss the formation of cluster nodes. In these each sensor node is controlled by the Cluster Head (CH) which in turn is controlled by a Base Station (BS). Then, an integrity and authenticity has been enhanced using Mykletun encryption scheme. Findings: To recover, the above issues a novel methodology has been proposed, which provides maximize data integrity and authenticity using Concealed Data Aggregation (CDA). This leads to reduce the transmission overhead and improves the overall lifetime of WSN. Applications/Improvements: We propose a novel approach using homomorphic encryption, Mykletun KeyGen and Boneh Signature Scheme to achieve confidentiality, integrity and availability for secure data aggregation in wireless sensor networks. Keywords: Base Station (BS), Cluster Head (CH), Concealed Data Aggregation (CDA), Privacy Homomorphism (PH), Sensor Nodes (SNs) ,Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)
Protein-Induced Long Lifetime Luminescence of Nonmetal Probes (2011)

Time-resolved luminometry-based assays have great potential for measurements in complicated biological solutions and living cells as the measured signal can be easily distinguished from nanosecond lifetime background fluorescence of organic compounds and autofluorescence of cells. In the present study we discovered that binding of a thiophene- or a selenophene-containing heteroaromatic moiety (luminescence donor) to the purine-binding pocket of a protein kinase (PK) induces long lifetime photoluminescence signal that is largely intensified through efficient energy transfer to a fluorescent dye present in close proximity to the luminescence donor. The developed ARC-Lum probes possessing 19-266 μs luminescence lifetime when associated with the target kinase can be used for determination of activity of basophilic PKs, characterization of inhibitors of PKs, and as cAMP sensors. An ARC-Lum probe was also used for the determination of kinetic parameters of inhibitor binding to the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A (PKAc). Effective real-time monitoring of the activation of PKA by Forskolin and the displacement of an ARC-Lum probe from its complex with PKA by inhibitor H89 was performed in live cells. The discovered phenomenon, protein-induced long lifetime luminescence of aromatic probes is very likely to occur with all PKs and many other proteins.
A rigorous convergence algorithm for fitting a monoexponential function with a background term using the least-squares method (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA rigorous convergence algorithm for fitting a monoexponential function with a background term using the least-squares methodZeljko. Jericevic, Douglas M. Benson, Joseph. Bryan, and Louis C. SmithCite this: Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 4, 658–662Publication Date (Print):February 15, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 February 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00131a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00131a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views68Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Role of Body Fat Distribution and the Metabolic Complications of Obesity (2008)

Lower body, upper body sc, and visceral fat depots have unique characteristics with regards to fatty acid metabolism. Selective dysregulation of these depots probably plays an important role with the metabolic complications of obesity.
A KIND OF APPROXIMATION OPERATORS AND ITS APPLICATION (1993)

In this paper we introduce a kind of kernels called δ-kernels.Based on them linear opera-tors from the continuous mapping space to R~m are constructed.We give an important appli-cation in Optimization after discussing the properties of these operators.
<title>Speckle filtering by wavelet analysis and synthesis</title> (1996)

In speckled radar images, filtering must achieve a tradeoff between smoothing of homogeneous areas and edge and texture preservation. Multiscale analysis splits up the image information content, such as edges and texture, according to a scale factor by successive lowpass and highpass filterings followed by downsampling. The speckle noise is present on each downsampled image. Each image level is then filtered in order to reduce the speckle noise. High frequency images are processed by median filtering or spatial filtering, or by using a threshold. On low frequency images a distinction is made between homogeneous areas, textural areas and areas including edges according to the values of the variation coefficient. Each class is processed differently. A Wiener filter including a multiplicative noise hypothesis for the speckle is used for textured areas. For homogeneous areas the pixel value is simply replaced by the mean value. For areas containing edges, the pixel value is let unchanged. The filtered image is finally obtained y synthesis from these images. This algorithm has been applied to an ERS1 image.
Visual object tracking via deep neural network (2015)

Visual tracking is a fundamental research problem in computer vision field. In this paper, we propose an approach to incorporate visual prior into visual object tracking via deep neural network. Visual prior knowledge is expressed as the parameters of a stacked denoising autoencoder, which is trained from a large collection of natural images. By utilizing natural images, we can obtain generic image features which are more robust against variations. Then we design a classifier for tracking using the same structure as the stacked denoising autoencoder, tracking is then carried out under a particle filter framework by determining the current target's location and updating the parameters. In addition, in order to alleviate the computational burden caused by deep structure, an adaptive updating mechanism is proposed. As a result, we apply a general-to-special strategy for our stacked denoising autoencoder tracker (SDAT), the learned visual prior provides a reasonable initial value for parameters of the neural network, and the deep structure of our tracker is robust to appearance variations. Experiments over 50 challenging videos indicate the effectiveness and robustness of our tracker, and the resulting tracker is outstanding especially against variations with the existing state-of-the-art methods.
Hydrophilic, Bright CuInS<sub>2</sub> Quantum Dots as Cd-Free Fluorescent Labels in Quantitative Immunoassay (2014)

We report on the synthesis of core-shell CuInS2/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) in organic solution, their encapsulation with a PEG-containing amphiphilic polymer, and the application of the resulting water-soluble QDs as fluorescent label in quantitative immunoassay. By optimizing the methods for core synthesis and shell growth, CuInS2/ZnS QDs were obtained with a quantum yield of 50% on average after hydrophilization. After conjugation with an aflatoxin B1-protein derivative, the obtained QDs were used as fluorescent labels in microplate immunoassay for the quantitative determination of the mycotoxin aflatoxin B1. QDs-based immunoassay showed higher sensitivity compared to enzyme-based immunoassay.
Realization of alignment-tolerant grating couplers for z-cut thin-film lithium niobate (2019)

We present the design, modeling, fabrication, and characterization of grating coupler devices for z-cut lithium niobate near 1550 nm. We first experimentally measure the sensitivity of the insertion loss of a conventional grating coupler to translational misalignment through a three-factor full factorial design of experiment. Next, we design grating couplers that are significantly less sensitive to misalignment. The fabricated devices experienced less than 7 dB of excess insertion loss for combined misalignments of up to ± 5 μm in plane and up to -2 μm or + 10 μm out of plane.
Enabling robust quantitative readout in an equipment-free model of device development (2014)

A critical constraint in the design of appropriate medical devices for the lowest-resource settings is the lack of access to maintenance or repair on instrumentation. There are numerous point-of-care applications for which quantitative readout would have clinical utility. Thus, a challenge to the device developer is to enable quantitative device readout in an equipment-free model that is appropriate for use in even the lowest-resource settings. Paper microfluidics has great potential for enabling equipment-free devices that are low-cost, operable by minimally-trained users, and provide quantitative readout. The focus of this critical review is to describe the work, starting several decades ago and continuing to the present, to enable assays with quantitative readout in a fully-disposable device.
Quantities, Symbols, and Units in Spectroscopy (2012)

The avascular necrosis of bone is characterized by an abnormality of tissue that can occur whenever a disease process causes major cell stress. Some evidence supports a role for genetic factors in some avascular necrosis suggesting that gene mutations could play a role in the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis. These genetic studies provide hope that tools for identifying high risk patients will be available in the future.
CPRecycle (2016)

OFDM is currently the most popular PHY-layer carrier modulation technique, used in the latest generations of cellular, Wi-Fi and TV standards. OFDM systems use cycle prefix to mitigate inter-symbol interference. However, most of the existing systems over-provision the size of the cycle prefix considering the worst case scenarios which rarely occur. We propose a novel OFDM PHY receiver design, called CPRecycle , that exploits the redundant cycle prefix to reduce the effects of interference from neighboring nodes. CPRecycle is based on the key observation that the starting position of the FFT window within the cyclic prefix at the OFDM receiver does not affect the received signal but can substantially reduce interference from concurrent transmissions. We further develop an algorithm that is able to find the optimal starting position of the FFT window for each subcarrier using a Gaussian kernel density function and a fixed sphere maximum likelihood detector. Through implementation and extensive evaluations using USRP and off- the-shelf IEEE 802.11g transmitters/interferers, we show the effectiveness of CPRecycle in significantly mitigating interference. CPRecycle only requires local modifications at the receiver and does not require changes in standards, making it incrementally deployable.
Non-random coil behavior as a consequence of extensive PPII structure in the denatured state (2008)

Unfolded proteins may contain native or non-native residual structure, which has important implications for the thermodynamics and kinetics of folding as well as for misfolding and aggregation diseases. However, it has been universally accepted that residual structure should not affect the global size scaling of the denatured chain, which obeys the statistics of random coil polymers. Here we use a single-molecule optical technique, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, to probe the denatured state of set of repeat proteins containing an increasing number of identical domains, from two to twenty. The availability of this set allows us to obtain the scaling law for the unfolded state of these proteins, which turns out to be unusually compact, strongly deviating from random-coil statistics. The origin of this unexpected behavior is traced to the presence of extensive non-native polyproline II helical structure, which we localize to specific segments of the polypeptide chain. We show that the experimentally observed effects of PPII on the size scaling of the denatured state can be well-described by simple polymer models. Our findings suggest an hitherto unforeseen potential of non-native structure to induce significant compaction of denatured proteins, affecting significantly folding pathways and kinetics.
Memory window engineering of Ta2O5−x oxide-based resistive switches via incorporation of various insulating frames (2016)

Three-dimensional (3D) stackable memory frames, including nano-scaled crossbar arrays, are one of the most reliable building blocks to meet the demand of high-density non-volatile memory electronics. However, their utilization has the disadvantage of introducing issues related to sneak paths, which can negatively impact device performance. We address the enhancement of complementary resistive switching (CRS) features via the incorporation of insulating frames as a generic approach to extend their use; here, a Pt/Ta2O5-x/Ta/Ta2O5-x/Pt frame is chosen as the basic CRS cell. The incorporation of Ta/Ta2O5-x/Ta or Pt/amorphous TaN/Pt insulting frames into the basic CRS cell ensures the appreciably advanced memory features of CRS cells including higher on/off ratios, improved read margins, and increased selectivity without reliability degradation. Experimental observations identified that a suitable insulating frame is crucial for adjusting the abrupt reset events of the switching element, thereby facilitating the enhanced electrical characteristics of CRS cells that are suitable for practical applications.
Hand Gesture Selection and Recognition for Visual-Based Human-Machine Interface (2006)

A new paradigm has been proposed for gesture selection and recognition. The paradigm is based on statistical classification, which has applications in telemedicine, virtual reality, computer games, and sign language studies. The aims of this paper are (1) how to select an appropriate set of gestures having a satisfactory level of discrimination power, and (2) comparison of invariant moments (conventional and Zernike) and geometric properties in recognizing hand gestures. Two-dimensional structures, namely cluster-property and cluster-features matrices, have been employed for gesture selection and to evaluate different gesture characteristics. Moment invariants, Zernike moments, and geometric features are employed for classification and recognition rates are compared. Comparative results confirm better performance of the geometric features
Reproductive Toxicity Screen of Ammonium Dinitramide Administered in the Drinking Water of Sprague-Dawley Rats (1995)

The Department of Defense is currently considering replacing ammonium perchlorate with ammonium dinitramide (ADN), a class 1.1 explosive oxidizer to be used in solid rocket propellant mixtures and explosives. This study was intended to evaluate the potential of ADN to produce alterations in paternal fertility, maternal pregnancy and lactation, and growth and development of offspring. Male and female rats received drinking water containing 0.0, 0.2, 1.0, or 2.0 g ADN/liter throughout the study. Mating occurred following 14 days of treatment. All dams, one-half the males, and representative pups were maintained for a total of 90 days of treatment. No mortality occurred in parental animals during the study. Treatment with ADN resulted in no adverse effects on mating; 92-100% of the animals mated. No treatment-related effects were seen in parental animals clinically or histopathologically. Adverse treatment-related effects were noted in maternal and paternal fertility indices, gestational indices, and live birth indices in both the mid- and high-dose groups. Litter sizes in the mid- and high-dose groups were significantly smaller than those of the low-dose and control groups. Mean pup weights showed no statistically significant differences between ADN-treated pups and controls. Gross and histopathological examination of the animals failed to identify the cause for the decrease in litter production in the mid- and high-dose dams. This study indicates that ADN is a reproductive toxicant. The no-observable-effect level (NOEL) is 29 mg/kg/day, the median dose of the low level female rats.
Mechanisms of endometrial bleeding (1990)

Reproduction, Fertility and Development is an international journal publishing original research , review and comment in the fields of reproduction and developmental biology in humans, domestic animals and wildlife
Prostanoid receptors: ontogeny and implications in vascular physiology (2001)

Prostanoids exert significant effects on circulatory beds. They play a role in the response of the vasculature to adjustments in perfusion pressure and oxygen and carbon dioxide tension, and they mediate the actions of numerous factors. The role of prostanoids in governing circulation of the perinate is suggested to surpass that in the adult. Prostanoids are abundantly generated in the perinate. They have been implicated in autoregulation of blood flow as studied in brain and eyes. Prostaglandins are also dominant regulators of ductus arteriosus tone. The effects of these autacoids are mediated through specific G protein-coupled receptors. In addition to the pharmacological characterization of the prostanoid receptors, important advances in understanding the biology of these receptors have been made in the last decade. Their cloning and the development of animals with disrupted genes of these receptors have been very informative. The involvement of prostanoid receptors in the developing subject, especially on brain and ocular vasculature and on ductus arteriosus, has also begun to be investigated; the expression of these receptors changes with development. Some but not all of the ontogenic changes in these receptors are attributed to homologous regulation. Interestingly, in the process of elucidating their effects, functional perinuclear prostaglandin E2 receptors have been uncovered. This article reviews prostanoid receptors and addresses implications on the developing subject with attention to vascular physiology.
Toward an engineering discipline for grammarware (2005)

Grammarware comprises grammars and all grammar-dependent software. The term grammar is meant here in the sense of all established grammar formalisms and grammar notations including context-free grammars, class dictionaries, and XML schemas as well as some forms of tree and graph grammars. The term grammar-dependent software refers to all software that involves grammar knowledge in an essential manner. Archetypal examples of grammar-dependent software are parsers, program converters, and XML document processors. Despite the pervasive role of grammars in software systems, the engineering aspects of grammarware are insufficiently understood. We lay out an agenda that is meant to promote research on increasing the productivity of grammarware development and on improving the quality of grammarware. To this end, we identify the problems with the current grammarware practices, the barriers that currently hamper research, and the promises of an engineering discipline for grammarware, its principles, and the research challenges that have to be addressed.