gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of dietary fish oil supplementation on the fatty acid composition of the human platelet membrane: demonstration of selectivity in the incorporation of eicosapentaenoic acid into membrane phospholipid pools (1985)

The fatty acid composition of membrane phospholipids of stimulated and unstimulated platelets was studied in six normal volunteers given a daily dietary supplement of a fish oil rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) for 4 weeks. The supplement was equivalent to 1.8 g of EPA daily. Thromboxane synthesis and platelet aggregation responses to sodium arachidonate, thrombin and the ionophore A23187 were also investigated. A marked increase in the relative EPA content of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) was noted after 2 and 4 weeks fish oil supplementation. However, there was no incorporation into phosphatidylinositol (PI) or phosphatidylserine (PS). The relative arachidonic acid (AA) content of PC and PE was significantly reduced at 2 and 4 weeks but that of PI and PS remained unchanged. Significant reductions in the relative linoleic acid content of total phospholipids, PC and PE were also noted. Stimulation of platelets obtained after 4 weeks fish oil supplementation by thrombin and A23187 was associated with a marked reduction in the AA content of PI and a minor reduction in that of PE. There was no change in the relative proportions of EPA in PI, PS, PC or PE after stimulation. Throughout the study there were no significant changes in platelet aggregation responses or in platelet thromboxane production. Our results indicate that the incorporation of EPA into the platelet membrane phospholipids is selective and that if PI is the major source of AA for platelet prostaglandin biosynthesis then the reported beneficial effects of EPA on haemostasis cannot be explained on the basis of its incorporation into and mobilization from the platelet membrane phospholipid pool.
Diet and the development of the human intestinal microbiome (2014)

The important role of the gut microbiome in maintaining human health has necessitated a better understanding of the temporal dynamics of intestinal microbial communities as well as the host and environmental factors driving these dynamics. Genetics, mode of birth, infant feeding patterns, antibiotic usage, sanitary living conditions and long term dietary habits contribute to shaping the composition of the gut microbiome. This review focuses primarily on diet, as it is one of the most pivotal factors in the development of the human gut microbiome from infancy to the elderly. The infant gut microbiota is characterized by a high degree of instability, only reaching a state similar to that of adults by 2-3 years of age; consistent with the establishment of a varied solid food diet. The diet-related factors influencing the development of the infant gut microbiome include whether the child is breast or formula-fed as well as how and when solid foods are introduced. In contrast to the infant gut, the adult gut microbiome is resilient to large shifts in community structure. Several studies have shown that dietary changes induce transient fluctuations in the adult microbiome, sometimes in as little as 24 hours; however, the microbial community rapidly returns to its stable state. Current knowledge of how long-term dietary habits shape the gut microbiome is limited by the lack of long-term feeding studies coupled with temporal gut microbiota characterization. However, long-term weight loss studies have been shown to alter the ratio of the Bacteriodetes and Firmicutes, the two major bacterial phyla residing in the human gastrointestinal tract. With ageing, diet-related factors such as malnutrition are associated with microbiome shifts, although the cause and effect relationship between these factors has not been established. Increased pharmaceutical usage is also more prevalent in the elderly and can contribute to reduced gut microbiota stability and diversity. Foods con
Bone and cartilage allotransplantation. A review of 14 years of research and clinical studies. (1986)

The authors review their experience of over 14 years in the field of osteochondral allotransplantation. Experimental studies demonstrated the immunogenicity of bone and cartilage, immunosuppression in skeletal transplantation models, and a subset of myeloid cells within bone marrow with strong immunogenic properties. Clinical results of knee joint resurfacing with fresh small-fragment osteochondral allografts have been best in posttraumatic joints. Experience with allograft reconstructions of skeletal defects after tumor surgery has been gratifying as a limb salvage procedure. Microvascular fibular autografts have been an important adjunct in massive reconstructive osteochondral transplantation.
TEM observations on grain boundaries in sintered silicon (1979)

Abstract Grain boundaries in silicon with a predetermined orientation have been prepared by the sintering of two single crystals. A combination of standard transmission electron microscopy and lattice imaging was used to investigate the Structure of the boundaries produced. Low–angle grain boundaries on {100} and {111} planes, and twin boundaries on {111} planes are discussed in detail.
Two New Design Tools Maximize Safety and Efficiency for Coiled Tubing Pumping Treatments (1995)

ABSTRACT This paper describes the use of two new computer tools to assist the engineer in the design and evaluation of coiled tubing (CT) pumping treatments. Sand fill cleanouts and nitrogen kickoffs continue to comprise the majority of the operations performed by CT; however, the ability to design and evaluate jobs of this type has been limited for many years to simple steady-state calculations and general rules of thumb, both strictly applicable to vertical wells. Using these tools and an engineering design methodology, these treatments can be performed in the most efficient manner possible. The tools optimize the fluids, rates and penetration schedules by considering the effect of deviation on particle transport, reservoir influx or leakoff or both, mixing of gases in the wellbore, and other aspects of the operation. Additionally, by optimizing the required movement of the CT, pipe fatigue can be held to a minimum, providing safer and more cost-effective treatments. Examples that use these tools to design CT treatments are presented.
Comparative Analysis of Hematocrit Measurements by Dielectric and Impedance Techniques (2005)

In a previous paper, a new dielectric technique was used to estimate hematocrit (HTC) in extracorporeal blood circulation systems, independently of plasma conductivity or osmolarity. Although many impedance techniques have been formerly proposed in the literature, none has been evaluated against plasma conductivity and osmolarity. Herein, we estimate HTC based on permittivity changes and also with other four techniques found in the literature. Besides, the error incurred in each is also studied when plasma conductivity and osmolarity changed as much as 1 mS/cm and 50 mOsm/kg, respectively. The dielectric (permittivity) technique has an error close to 5.4%, while the others showed both tendencies, i.e., lower error (2.5%, two of them) and higher error (8.6% and 16.3%, the other two). The dielectric technique, even though did not produce the lowest error, provides a well-described physical model along with simple instrumentation.
How green is my hospital? (1991)

Inspired by what she had read, Becky Ann Williams gathered together a group of like-minded individuals and set up a campaign to make the Royal Victoria Eye Hospital more environmentally friendly
Growth factor involvement in progression of prostate cancer. (1998)

Understanding how the regulation of growth factor pathways alters during prostate cancer (PC) progression may enable researchers to develop targeted therapeutic strategies for advanced disease. PC progression involves the shifting of cells from androgen-dependent growth to an androgen-independent state, sometimes with the loss or mutation of the androgen receptors in PC cells. Both autocrine and paracrine pathways are up-regulated in androgen-independent tumors and may replace androgens as primary growth stimulatory factors in cancer progression. Our discussion focuses on growth factor families that maintain homeostasis between epithelial and stromal cells in the normal prostate and that undergo changes as PC progresses, often making stromal cells redundant. These growth factors include fibroblast growth factor, insulin-like growth factors, epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor alpha, retinoic acid, vitamin D3, and the transforming growth factor beta families. We review their role in normal prostate development and in cancer progression, using evidence from clinical specimens and models of PC cell growth.
Logic and logic programming (1992)

article Free Access Share on Logic and logic programming Author: J. A. Robinson Office of the University Professor, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY Office of the University Professor, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NYView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 35Issue 3March 1992 pp 40–65https://doi.org/10.1145/131295.131296Published:01 March 1992Publication History 23citation1,608DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations23Total Downloads1,608Last 12 Months84Last 6 weeks16 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
The genetic constituent of varicose vein pathogenesis as a key for future treatment option development (2021)

Vessel Plus is an open acccess journal, which publishes articles related to vascular diseases, including acute respiratory distress syndrome, aneurysm, atherosclerosis, hypertension, stroke, peripheral vascular or pulmonary vascular diseases, etc.
Effect of the monomer ratio on the properties of poly(methyl methacrylate butyl acrylate) latex‐modified mortars (2004)

Abstract This article deals with the effect of the monomer ratio on the typical properties of polymer‐modified mortars with poly(methyl methacrylate butyl acrylate) latices. Polymer‐modified mortars, with methyl methacrylate/butyl acrylate copolymer latices of various methyl methacrylate/butyl acrylate ratios, were prepared with different polymer/cement ratios and were tested for their workability, air content, compressive strength, flexural strength, and water absorption. On the basis of the test results, the effects of the monomer ratio and polymer/cement ratio on the typical properties were examined. The properties of the latex‐modified mortars were affected to a great extent by both the monomer ratio and polymer/cement ratio. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 2403–2409, 2004
Imported leishmaniasis in Sweden 1993–2016 (2018)

In Sweden, leishmaniasis is an imported disease and its epidemiology and incidence were not known until now. We conducted a retrospective, nationwide, epidemiological study from 1993 to 2016. Probable cases were patients with leishmaniasis diagnoses reported to the Swedish Patient registry, collecting data on admitted patients in Swedish healthcare since 1993 and out-patient visits since 2001. Confirmed cases were those with a laboratory test positive for leishmaniasis during 1993-2016. 299 probable cases and 182 confirmed cases were identified. Annual incidence ranged from 0.023 to 0.35 per 100 000 with a rapid increase in the last 4 years. Of 182 laboratory-verified cases, 96 were diagnosed from 2013 to 2016, and in this group, almost half of the patients were children under 18 years. Patients presented in different healthcare settings in all regions of Sweden. Cutaneous leishmaniasis was the most common clinical manifestation and the majority of infections were acquired in Asia including the Middle East, specifically Syria and Afghanistan. Leishmania tropica was responsible for the majority of cases (42%). A combination of laboratory methods increased the sensitivity of diagnosis among confirmed cases. In 2016, one-tenth of the Swedish population were born in Leishmania-endemic countries and many Swedes travel to these countries for work or vacation. Swedish residents who have spent time in Leishmania-endemic areas, could be at risk of developing disease some time during their lives. Increased awareness and knowledge are needed for correct diagnosis and management of leishmaniasis in Sweden.
The dynamic switch mechanism that leads to activation of LRRK2 is embedded in the DFGψ motif in the kinase domain (2019)

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a large multidomain protein, and LRRK2 mutants are recognized risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD). Although the precise mechanisms that control LRRK2 regulation and function are unclear, the importance of the kinase domain is strongly implicated, since 2 of the 5 most common familial LRRK2 mutations (G2019S and I2020T) are localized to the conserved DFGψ motif in the kinase core, and kinase inhibitors are under development. Combining the concept of regulatory (R) and catalytic (C) spines with kinetic and cell-based assays, we discovered a major regulatory mechanism embedded within the kinase domain and show that the DFG motif serves as a conformational switch that drives LRRK2 activation. LRRK2 is quite unusual in that the highly conserved Phe in the DFGψ motif, which is 1 of the 4 R-spine residues, is replaced with tyrosine (DY<sup>2018</sup>GI). A Y2018F mutation creates a hyperactive phenotype similar to the familial mutation G2019S. The hydroxyl moiety of Y2018 thus serves as a "brake" that stabilizes an inactive conformation; simply removing it destroys a key hydrogen-bonding node. Y2018F, like the pathogenic mutant I2020T, spontaneously forms LRRK2-decorated microtubules in cells, while the wild type and G2019S require kinase inhibitors to form filaments. We also explored 3 different mechanisms that create kinase-dead pseudokinases, including D2017A, which further emphasizes the highly synergistic role of key hydrophobic and hydrophilic/charged residues in the assembly of active LRRK2. We thus hypothesize that LRRK2 harbors a classical protein kinase switch mechanism that drives the dynamic activation of full-length LRRK2.
Novel syntheses of 1,3,3‐trinitroazetidine (1994)

Abstract Alternative methods for the synthesis of 1,3,3‐trinitroazetidine (TNAZ) from epichlorohydrin, and benzhydrylamine have been developed. These approaches employ N ‐sulfonyl‐3‐(hydroxyimino)azetidines as penultimate intermediates and represent an improvement over previously published methods which require either diazo containing intermediates or involve low yielding procedures. Parallel methods employing N ‐benzhydryl‐ and N ‐benzyl‐3‐(hydroxyimino)azetidine were also investigated as alternate routes to TNAZ.
The road to SDN (2014)

Software Defined Networking (SDN) is an exciting technology that enables innovation in how we design and manage networks. Although this technology seems to have appeared suddenly, SDN is part of a long history of efforts to make computer networks more programmable. In this paper, we trace the intellectual history of programmable networks, including active networks, early efforts to separate the control and data plane, and more recent work on OpenFlow and network operating systems. We highlight key concepts, as well as the technology pushes and application pulls that spurred each innovation. Along the way, we debunk common myths and misconceptions about the technologies and clarify the relationship between SDN and related technologies such as network virtualization.
Sub-10-16 Frequency Stability in the JPL Multi-Pole Linear Ion Trap Standard (2006)

The JPL Multi-pole Linear Ion Trap Standard (LITS) has demonstrated excellent short and long-term frequency stability and reduced sensitivity to its three primary systematic effects: the second-order Doppler shift and second-order Zeeman shift and the pressure shift. In this paper, we report developments that reduce the sensitivity to all residual systematic effects to less than 5x10-17 and show initial long-term comparisons with other highly stable clocks. Using GPS Carrier Phase Time Transfer over a 2-month period the LITS deviated from UTC (USNO) by no more than ±1 ns in phase and had a frequency drift of 0.2(3.0)x10-17/day. We also report a new mode of operation that enables further improved short-term stability to less than 5x 10-14/t1/2, and an atomic line Q of 5x1012, the highest ever demonstrated in a microwave atomic standard operating at room temperature. With these advances, the multi-pole LITS provides a new and unique timekeeping and reference capability in the JPL Frequency Standards Test Laboratory, with broader applicability to national metrology and timekeeping laboratories.
Formidable Increase in the Superplasticity of Ceramics in the Presence of an Electric Field (2003)

The ductility of silicon nitride‐based ceramics is dramatically enhanced in the presence of a pulsed electric field/current that induces movement of the charged species present in the grain boundary glassy/liquid phase, and thereby promotes grain sliding along the grain boundaries. The Figure shows an α‐sialon component before (right) and after (left) deformation.
Electrochemical Processing for On-Chip Interconnects (2006)

Abstract not Available.
Dewetting of thin polymer film on rough substrate: I. Theory (2008)

The dewetting process of spinodally unstable thin film on rough substrates is considered. The theoretical consideration is based on the force model of substrate–film interactions. The competition between spinodal dewetting and dewetting due to substrate roughness is analysed and an analytical solution for the structure of the dewetted film has been discovered. We found conditions where the lateral periodicity of a substrate surface profile is smaller than the critical spinodal wavelength of a film and the roughness of the surface is large enough to initiate dewetting due to substrate roughness; then the dewetted film patterns repeat the substrate structure corresponding to lateral periodicity of a substrate surface profile. In other cases, the film spinodally dewets with a lateral scale close to the dominant spinodal wavelength.
<i>lost-a-fin</i> encodes a type I BMP receptor, Alk8, acting maternally and zygotically in dorsoventral pattern formation (2001)

TGFbeta signaling pathways of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) subclass are essential for dorsoventral pattern formation of both vertebrate and invertebrate embryos. Here we determine by chromosomal mapping, linkage analysis, cDNA sequencing and mRNA rescue that the dorsalized zebrafish mutant lost-a-fin (laf) is defective in the gene activin receptor-like kinase 8 (alk8), which encodes a novel type I TGFbeta receptor. The alk8 mRNA is expressed both maternally and zygotically. Embyros that lack zygotic, but retain maternal Laf/Alk8 activity, display a weak dorsalization restricted to the tail and die by 3 days postfertilization. We rescued the laf dorsalized mutant phenotype by alk8 mRNA injection and generated homozygous laf/alk8 mothers to investigate the maternal role of Laf/Alk8 activity. Adult fish lacking Laf/Alk8 activity are fertile, exhibit a growth defect and are significantly smaller than their siblings. Embryos derived from homozygous females, which lack both maternal and zygotic Laf/Alk8 activity, display a strongly dorsalized mutant phenotype, no longer limited to the tail. These mutant embryos lack almost all gastrula ventral cell fates, with a concomitant expansion of dorsal cell types. During later stages, most of the somitic mesoderm and neural tissue circumscribe the dorsoventral axis of the embryo. Zygotic laf/alk8 mutants can be rescued by overexpression of the BMP signal transducer Smad5, but not the Bmp2b or Bmp7 ligands, consistent with the Laf/Alk8 receptor acting within a BMP signaling pathway, downstream of a Bmp2b/Bmp7 signal. Antibodies specific for the phosphorylated, activated form of Smad1/5, show that BMP signaling is nearly absent in gastrula lacking both maternal and zygotic Laf/Alk8 activity, providing further evidence that Laf/Alk8 transduces a BMP signal. In total, our work strongly supports the role of Laf/Alk8 as a type I BMP receptor required for the specification of ventral cell fates.
Identification of Nuclear Receptors for VIP on a Human Colonic Adenocarcinoma Cell Line (1987)

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a neuropeptide with broad tissue distribution. Although its precise function is unknown, it is thought to exert its effect, at least in part, by interacting with cell surface receptors. Nuclear receptors for VIP have now been identified by specific binding of 125I-labeled VIP to nuclei of a human colonic adenocarcinoma cell line (HT29) and by cross-linking of 125I-labeled VIP to its receptor on intact nuclei. In contrast, 125I-labeled transferrin shows only background binding to nuclei but significant binding to intact cells. Purity of the isolated nuclei was further substantiated by electron microscopy. The apparent molecular sizes of the VIP--cross-linked nuclear and cell surface receptors are similar but not identical.
Green Emitting Cubic GaInN/GaN Quantum Well Stripes on Micropatterned Si(001) and Their Strain Analysis (2016)

Adv. Electron. Mater. 2016, 2, 1500327 An error was made in the citation for reference 3 of this manuscript. The correct citation is: [3] T. Mukai, M. Yamada, S. Nakamura, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 1999, 38, 3976. The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused.
Proteomics of Streptococcus gordonii within a model developing oral microbial community (2012)

This study showed that S. gordonii demonstrates species specific responses during interactions with F. nucleatum or P. gingivalis. Extensive changes were seen in energy metabolism and byproduct production implicating nutrient transfer as an important community interaction.
Combined Treatment with Triptolide and Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Synergistically Enhances Apoptosis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer H1975 Cells but Not H1299 Cells through EGFR/Akt Pathway (2019)

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant cancers in the world. Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) is a second- or third-line therapy for mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It usually becomes drug resistance after a period of treatment. Triptolide (TPL) is an epoxy diterpenoid lactone compound extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii HOOK. F. and many studies demonstrated that TPL has a synergistic effect when combined with chemotherapy drugs. In this research, we plan to evaluate the combined effect of TPL and EGFR-TKIs (Gefitinib, Erlotinib, and Icotinib) and investigate the possible mechanisms. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was conducted to detect the cell viabilities, combined effect was evaluated by Combination Index. Molecular docking study was used to predict the binding ability of TPL. The expression of proteins was detected by Western blot. MTT results showed TPL had synergistic effect with three EGFR-TKIs at different concentrations on H1975 cells but not on H1299 cells. Molecular docking study demonstrated that TPL with T790M/L858R EGFR can form a more stable compound than that with wild type EGFR. Western blot results showed TPL inhibited the EGFR/Akt pathway and increased the expression of Bax and the ratio of Bax and Bcl-2 in H1975 cells. In conclusion, TPL had synergistic effect with three EGFR-TKIs on H1975 cells but not on H1299 cells, which may be due to the binding ability of TPL and different-type EGFR. The synergistic effect of TPL on H1975 cells may be partly related to the inhibition of the EGFR/Akt pathway.