gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adaptive surrogate modeling for response surface approximations with application to bayesian inference (2015)

Parameter estimation for complex models using Bayesian inference is usually a very costly process as it requires a large number of solves of the forward problem. We show here how the construction of adaptive surrogate models using a posteriori error estimates for quantities of interest can significantly reduce the computational cost in problems of statistical inference. As surrogate models provide only approximations of the true solutions of the forward problem, it is nevertheless necessary to control these errors in order to construct an accurate reduced model with respect to the observables utilized in the identification of the model parameters. Effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated on a numerical example dealing with the Spalart–Allmaras model for the simulation of turbulent channel flows. In particular, we illustrate how Bayesian model selection using the adapted surrogate model in place of solving the coupled nonlinear equations leads to the same quality of results while requiring fewer nonlinear PDE solves.
Electron Spin Resonance Study of the Pyramidal Geometry around the Tervalent Carbon Atom of the Bicyclo[2.1.1]hexan-5-yl Radical (1979)

Abstract The bicyclo[2.1.1]hexan-5-yl and the 5-deuteriobicyclo[2.1.1]hexan-5-yl radicals have been examined using ESR. A comparison of the spectra confirmed that geometry around C5 is pyramidal and showed highly stereoselective long-range spin-transfer from C5 to the endo proton on C6; a(H6endo)=28.22 and a(H6exo)=0.49 G. A potential curve for the out-of-plane bending motion of the C5–H5 bond, selected from the trial curves gave a reasonable simulation of the temperature dependence and isotope effects on a(H5) and a(H6endo). The curve has two minima with a relatively low barrier to inversion; the geometry of the C5–H5 bond bent in the exo direciton has been estimated as approximately 0.9 kcal/mol more stable than that with the C5–H5 bond located in the endo direction.
Energy Fuel and Hormonal Profile in Experimental Obesities (1983)

Several types of experimental obesities are characterized by the occurrence of an early hypersecretion of insulin that produces an increase in both triglyceride secretion by the liver and fat deposition in adipose tissue. This hypersecretion of insulin, together with other ill-defined factors, is subsequently responsible for a state of insulin resistance. The early oversecretion of insulin in hypothalamic and genetic (e.g. fa/fa rats) obesities can be experimentally demonstrated. Thus, within 20 min of acute lesion of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH), glucose-induced insulin secretion is greater in lesioned than in non-lesioned control rats; this increase can be blocked by superimposed, acute vagotomy. Moreover, an infusion of glucose to 17-day-old, pre-weaned control and genetically pre-obese rats (i.e. animals genetically-determined to become obese but with a normal body weight at this age) elicits much greater insulinaemia in the pre-obese than in the controls, despite similar basal, pre-infusion values in both. This increased insulin secretion in the pre-obese rats can be restored to normal by pre-treating them acutely with the cholinergic inhibitor, atropine. Thus, in these two types of obesity, an increased vagal tone appears to be of importance for the early occurrence of insulin over-secretion. Hyperinsulinaemia produced by increased tone of the vagus nerve appears to be reinforced by the decreased activity of the sympathetic system observed in obese rodents. In many obese rodents, plasma growth hormone levels are abnormally low. The inadequate secretion of this hyperglycaemic hormone may explain why, in some types of obesity syndrome, hyperglycaemia is not necessarily present, despite insulin resistance. Insulin resistance in experimental obesities has been shown to occur at the level of the adipose tissue, the muscles and more recently, the liver. The latter has been demonstrated using the in vivo euglycaemic clamp technique; thus, glycogenolysis of genetically obese (fa/fa) rats could not be shut off, as in controls, by either basal or increased plasma insulin levels. This particular pathway is therefore insulin resistant. The precise etiology of the early over-secretion of insulin in VMH-lesioned rats is, however, unknown: with VMH lesions, the origin is clearly the central nervous system (CNS), but the pathways actually interrupted by the lesions and those responsible for the hyperactivity of the vagus, remain to be determined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Nuclear magnetic resonance of iron and copper disease states (1983)

The tissue levels of paramagnetic ions are an important factor in the determination of T1 values as observed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging. The increased levels of iron present in human disease states such as hemochromatosis lead to decreased T1 values. The mean liver T1 of three patients with iron storage disease was determined to be 130 msec, significantly different from the value of 154 msec, the mean for 14 normal controls. Whether NMR will be able to detect the increased copper levels in liver and brain in Wilson disease remains for further clinical trials to evaluate. NMR imaging, however, does serve as a noninvasive method for the diagnosis of states of iron overload and as a technique to follow progression of disease or response to medical therapy.
Electrospun ZIF-based hierarchical carbon fiber as an efficient electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (2016)

MOF-based hierarchical carbon fiber is developed as an efficient electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction.
Electron-beam fabrication and focused ion beam inspection of submicron structured diffractive optical elements (1994)

Diffractive optical elements, designed by computer optimization techniques, can provide high coupling efficiencies between components in optical communications systems, and can be reproduced accurately in large numbers by the same technology employed to make microcircuits. This applications-led development was for optimized f/0.48 Fresnel lenses to couple light from arrays of semiconductor lasers into monomode optical fibers. The lenses were fabricated as four phase level structures in fused quartz using electron-beam lithography and reactive ion etching. The low f number needed to match between the laser and fiber numerical apertures required 0.2 μm feature sizes in the outer region of the lenses etched 2.1 μm deep. Effective use was made of focused ion beam etching and imaging to obtain cross sections of these high aspect ratio structures during process development. Differing lens designs have achieved 34% and 50% coupling efficiencies between 30° full width half peak 1.55 μm lasers and cleaved, monomode system fibers. In the former case, lens to fiber alignment tolerance was ±6 μm, making passive assembly of the lens fiber arrays feasible.
Quantitative Multiplexed ChIP Reveals Global Alterations that Shape Promoter Bivalency in Ground State Embryonic Stem Cells (2019)

To understand the epigenomic foundation of naive pluripotency, we implement a quantitative multiplexed chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) method comparing mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) grown in 2i versus 2i/serum and serum conditions. MINUTE-ChIP has a large linear dynamic range for accurately quantifying relative differences in genome-wide histone modification patterns across multiple pooled samples. We find compelling evidence for a broad H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) hypermethylation of the genome, while bivalent promoters stably retain high H3K27me3 levels in 2i. We show that DNA hypomethylation, as observed in 2i, is a contributor to genome-wide gain of H3K27me3, while active demethylation by JMJD3/UTX counteracts further accumulation of H3K27me3. In parallel, we find hypomethylation of H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3), particularly at bivalent promoters, to be a characteristic of the 2i ground state. Serum stimulates H3K4me3 independent of GSK-3b and ERK signaling, suggesting that low H3K4me3 and high H3K27me3 levels at bivalent promoters are a product of two independent mechanisms that safeguard naive pluripotency.
The Principle and Applications of Business Promotion of E-commerce Enterprises Based on Big Data (2018)

The application value and promoting role of big data have been gradually affirmed with its application in various industry fields. And the deep application of big data by e-commerce companies based on online transactions is imperative. In this paper, the current state of business promotion of e-commerce companies is demonstrated through the classification and analysis of current various business promotion methods. Then it discusses the necessity of e-commerce enterprises to use big data for business promotion from the aspects of market demand and technology development. And then, through data collection and research analysis, the paper concludes the basic ideas of business promotion of e-commerce enterprises based on big data and the point of convergence between big data and e-commerce business promotion. In the end, the paper analyzes three challenges faced by e-commerce companies in business promotion and some suggestions were put forward.
Repetition Coding as an Effective Error Correction Code for Information Encoded in DNA (2011)

The goal of DNA data embedding is to enable robust encoding of non-genetic information in DNA. This field straddles the areas of bioinformatics and digital communications, since DNA mutations can be seen as akin to a noisy channel from the point of view of information encoding. In this paper we present two algorithms which, building on a variant of a method proposed by Yachie et al., rely on repetition coding to effectively counteract the impact that mutations have on an embedded message. The algorithms are designed for resynchronising multiple, originally identical, information encoded DNA sequences, embedded within non-coding DNA (ncDNA) sections of a host genome. They use both BLAST and MUSCLE algorithms to accomplish this. Bit error rates at the decoder are established for mutations rates accumulated over a number of generations of the host organism. The empirical results obtained are compared to a theoretical bound for optimal decoding.
5-Chloro-<i>N</i>-(4-methoxy-3-piperazin-1-yl- phenyl)-3-methyl-2-benzothiophenesulfon- amide (SB-271046):  A Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable 5-HT<sub>6</sub> Receptor Antagonist (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVLetterNEXT5-Chloro-N-(4-methoxy-3-piperazin-1-yl- phenyl)-3-methyl-2-benzothiophenesulfon- amide (SB-271046): A Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable 5-HT6 Receptor AntagonistSteven M. Bromidge, Anthony M. Brown, Stephen E. Clarke, Kathy Dodgson, Tracey Gager, Helen L. Grassam, Phil M. Jeffrey, Graham F. Joiner, Frank D. King, Derek N. Middlemiss, Stephen F. Moss, Helen Newman, Graham Riley, Carol Routledge, and Paul WymanView Author Information Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Neuroscience Research, and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, Discovery Research, New Frontiers Science Park, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex CM19 5AW, England Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1999, 42, 2, 202–205Publication Date (Web):January 5, 1999Publication History Received21 September 1998Published online5 January 1999Published inissue 1 January 1999https://doi.org/10.1021/jm980532eCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1124Altmetric-Citations153LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (82 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Antagonists,Central nervous system,Peptides and proteins,Receptors,Rodent models Get e-Alerts
Drone detection by acoustic signature identification (2017)

In the last years, the ductility and easiness of usage of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and their affordable cost have increased the drones use by industry and private users. However, drones carry the potential of many illegal activities from smuggling illicit material, unauthorized reconnaissance and surveillance of targets and individuals, to electronic and kinetic attacks in the worse threatening scenarios. As a consequence, it has become important to develop effective and affordable coun- termeasures to report of a drone flying over critical areas. In this context, our research chooses different short term parametrization in time and frequency domain of environmental audio data to develop a machine learning based UAV warning system which employs the support vector machines to understand and recognize the drone audio fingerprint. Preliminary experimental results have shown the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Penerapan Metode Problem Solving untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Siswa dalam Pembelajaran PKn di Kelas XI TKJ SMK Negeri 1 Sojol Utara (2019)

Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian tindakan kelas, Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI TKJ yang berjumlah 32 orang siswa, yang terdiri dari 19 orang laki-laki dan 13 orang perempuan. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus dan setiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahapan yaitu: perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi/evaluasi dan refleksi. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran PKN dengan penggunaan Metode problim solving pada pada siswa kelas XI TKJSMK Negeri 1 Sojol Utaradapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa. Jadi dapat disimpulkan peningkatan aktivitas belajar siswa dari siklus I ke siklus II sebesar 2,37. Hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I adalah rata-rata 76,25 ada di atas KKM yang ditetapkan sekolah dengan nilai 70. Hasil belajar itu berada kategori cukup baik dengan ketuntasan  klasikal  sebesar 65,6 %. Sedangkan hasil belajar pada siklus II sebesar 86,88 dan termasuk kategori baik dengan ketuntasan klasikal 100%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dari  siklus I ke siklus II dengan penggunaan Metode problim solving sebesar 10,63. Kendala-kendala yang dihadapi dalam penggunaan Metode problim solving selama penelitian antara lain: (1) masih  melekatnya kebiasaan siswa menerima pelajaran dari guru dengan metode cermah, dan mengerjakan tugas-tugas yang berpatokan pada LKS, sehingga keberanian siswa untuk mengemukakan pendapat relative masih kurang. (2) Relatif masih kurangnya buku pelajaran yang dimiliki oleh siswa, siswa hanya belajar materi pelajaran dari materi ringkas yang ada pada LKS.
Numerical investigation of vortex dynamics in an H-rotor vertical axis wind turbine (2015)

We study the vortex dynamics of a two-dimensional H-rotor wind turbine using a Navier-Stokes solver. The turbulence model with the wall function is used as the turbulence closure. A sliding mesh technique is employed to handle the blade rotation. The vortex-blade interaction is systematically investigated and its influence on the force generation is discussed. Our simulations show that the vortex-blade interaction largely depends on the solidity and tip speed ratio. We further study the impact of solidity on the turbine performance. Our simulations show that the peak torque per blade decreases with the solidity while the peak torque azimuthal angle increases with the solidity. Our simulations also show that the increase in the azimuthal angle is more significant at low tip speed ratios than at high tip speed ratios. The impact of blade thickness is studied. Our simulations show that a thicker airfoil has a higher torque coefficient than a thinner airfoil. However, because for the thinner airfoil its peak torque occurs at a high tip speed ratio, the thinner airfoil has an overall higher power coefficient than the thicker airfoil.
Inorganic hydrides for energy storage as the hydrogen or as battery materials (2020)

A wide variety of complex metal borohydrides, closo-borates and carborates have been discovered and characterized during the past decade, revealing an extremely rich chemistry including fascinating structural flexibility and a wide range of compositions and physical properties. New classes of boron based electrolytes for batteries have recently been discovered along with high hydrogen density materials relevant for hydrogen storage. Here we present new design criteria of functional electrolytes developed by analysis of the underlying phenomena responsible for the high ion conductivity. This is both useful for mono- and divalent cations including Mg2+. Structural dynamics in the solid state, i.e. entropy effects, are of extreme importance for ionic conductivity. Disorder of high temperature polymorphs often lead to increased dynamics. The structure of high temperature polymorphs can be stabilized to lower temperatures by anion substitution. Disorder in the solid state can also be created by stabilization of eutectic molten states by nano-structuring. Neutral molecules and a 3D network of dihydrogen bonds may increase the coordination flexibility and thereby increase cation mobility. We conclude that the chemistry of boronhydrides is very divers, towards rational design of multi-functional materials, including new ion-conductors for batteries and hydrogen storage materials.
Higher Levels of Basal Serial CSF Cortisol in Combat Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (2005)

Despite normal peripheral cortisol indexes in the veterans with PTSD, their CNS exposure to cortisol was greater than that of normal comparison subjects.
Self-Assembly of Nanoparticle Arrays on Semiconductor Substrate for Charge Transfer Cascade (2009)

The current study focuses on the interaction between hierarchical structures of nanoparticles (NPs) and a semiconductor substrate on which they are assembled. Monolayer and bilayer assemblies of two different NPs were prepared on the surface of a GaAs substrate. The photoluminescence response of the bilayer assemblies depends on their hierarchy, namely on the ordering of differently sized nanoparticles with respect to the surface; however, the surface photovoltage does not. Based on these studies, it is possible to determine the importance of each of the possible quenching mechanisms for electron-hole pair excitation.
A 22-ns 1-Mbit CMOS high-speed DRAM with address multiplexing (1989)

Describes a 1-Mbit high-speed DRAM (HSDRAM), which has a nominal random access time of less than 27 ns and a column access time of 12 ns with address multiplexing. A double-polysilicon double-metal CMOS technology having PMOS arrays inside n-wells was developed with an average 1.3- mu m feature size. The chip has also been fabricated in a 0.9*shrunken version with an area of 67 mm/sup 2/, showing a 22-ns access time. The chip power consumption is lower than 500 mW at 60-ns cycle time. This HSDRAM, which provides SRAM-like speed while retaining DRAM-like density, allows DRAMs to be used in a broad new range of applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Prenylated Coumarins from the Leaves of Clausena anisata (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPrenylated Coumarins from the Leaves of Clausena anisataBonaventure Tchaleu Ngadjui, Johnson Foyere Ayafor, Beibam Lucas Sondengam, and Joseph Donald ConnollyCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1989, 52, 2, 243–247Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 March 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50062a003https://doi.org/10.1021/np50062a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views294Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Recent Advances in the Analysis of Single Cells (2016)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTADDITION / CORRECTIONThis article has been corrected. View the notice.Recent Advances in the Analysis of Single CellsLucas Armbrecht and Petra S. Dittrich*View Author Information Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Anal. Chem. 2017, 89, 1, 2–21Publication Date (Web):November 15, 2016Publication History Published online7 December 2016Published inissue 3 January 2017https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04255https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04255review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2016 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views6944Altmetric-Citations134LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Biotechnology,Cells,Electrochemical cells,Fluorescence,Genetics Get e-Alerts