gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radiolytic Formation of Colloidal Tin and Tin-Gold Particles in Aqueous Solution (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRadiolytic Formation of Colloidal Tin and Tin-Gold Particles in Aqueous SolutionArnim Henglein and Michael GiersigCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 28, 6931–6935Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100079a008https://doi.org/10.1021/j100079a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views431Altmetric-Citations81LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
RETRACTED: Neutrophil-mimicking therapeutic nanoparticles for targeted chemotherapy of pancreatic carcinoma (2018)

Due to the critical correlation between inflammation and carcinogenesis, a therapeutic candidate with anti-inflammatory activity may find application in cancer therapy. Here, we report the therapeutic efficacy of celastrol as a promising candidate compound for treatment of pancreatic carcinoma <i>via</i> naïve neutrophil membrane-coated poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether-<i>block</i>-poly(lactic-<i>co</i>-glycolic acid) (PEG-PLGA) nanoparticles. Neutrophil membrane-coated nanoparticles (NNPs) are well demonstrated to overcome the blood pancreas barrier to achieve pancreas-specific drug delivery <i>in vivo</i>. Using tumor-bearing mice xenograft model, NNPs showed selective accumulations at the tumor site following systemic administration as compared to nanoparticles without neutrophil membrane coating. In both orthotopic and ectopic tumor models, celastrol-loaded NNPs demonstrated greatly enhanced tumor inhibition which significantly prolonged the survival of tumor bearing mice and minimizing liver metastases. Overall, these results suggest that celastrol-loaded NNPs represent a viable and effective treatment option for pancreatic carcinoma.
Generation of reactive oxygen radicals through bioactivation of mitomycin antibiotics. (1986)

Mitomycin C (MC) is a naturally occurring anticancer agent which has been shown to be more cytotoxic to hypoxic tumor cells than to their aerobic counterparts. The mechanism of action of this agent is thought to involve biological reductive activation, to a species that alkylates DNA. A comparison of the cytotoxicity of MC to EMT6 tumor cells with that of the structural analogues porfiromycin (PM), N-(N',N'-dimethylaminomethylene)amine analogue of mitomycin C (BMY-25282), and N-(N',N'-dimethylaminomethylene)amine analogue of porfiromycin (BL-6783) has demonstrated that PM is considerably less cytotoxic to aerobic EMT6 cells than MC, whereas BMY-25282 and BL-6783 are significantly more toxic. The relative abilities of each of these compounds to generate oxygen free radicals following biological activation were measured. Tumor cell sonicates, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-cytochrome c reductase, xanthine oxidase, and mitochondria were used as the biological reducing systems. All four mitomycin antibiotics produced oxygen radicals following biological reduction, a process that may account for the aerobic cytotoxicity of agents of this class. The generation of relative amounts of superoxide and hydroxyl radical were also measured in EMT6 cell sonicates. BMY-25282 and BL-6783 produced significantly greater quantities of oxygen free radicals with the EMT6 cell sonicate, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-cytochrome c reductase, and mitochondria than did MC and PM. In contrast, BMY-25282 and BL-6783 did not generate detectable levels of free radicals in the presence of xanthine oxidase, whereas this enzyme was capable of generating free radicals with MC and PM as substrates. MC consistently produced greater amounts of free radicals than PM with all of the reducing systems. BMY-25282, BL-6783, and MC all generated hydroxyl radicals, while PM did not appear to form these radicals. The findings indicate that a correlation exists between the ability of the mitomycin antibiotics to generate oxygen radicals and their cytotoxicity to aerobic EMT6 tumor cells.
Mitochondrial complex I deficiency leads to inflammation and retinal ganglion cell death in the Ndufs4 mouse (2015)

Mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) is a major contributor to neuronal energetics, and mutations in complex I lead to vision loss. Functional, neuroanatomical and transcriptional consequences of complex I deficiency were investigated in retinas of the Ndufs4 knockout mouse. Whole-eye ERGs and multielectrode arrays confirmed a major retinal ganglion cell functional loss at P32, and retinal ganglion cell loss at P42. RNAseq demonstrated a mild and then sharp increase in innate immune and inflammatory retinal transcripts at P22 and P33, respectively, which were confirmed with QRT-PCR. Intraperitoneal injection of the inflammogen lipopolysaccharide further reduced retinal ganglion cell function in Ndufs4 KO, supporting the connection between inflammatory activation and functional loss. Complex I deficiency in the retina clearly caused innate immune and inflammatory markers to increase coincident with loss of vision, and RGC functional loss. How complex I incites inflammation and functional loss is not clear, but could be the result of misfolded complex I generating a 'non-self' response, and induction of innate immune response transcripts was observed before functional loss at P22, including β-2 microglobulin and Cx3cr1, and during vision loss at P31 (B2m, Tlr 2, 3, 4, C1qa, Cx3cr1 and Fas). These data support the hypothesis that mitochondrial complex I dysfunction in the retina triggers an innate immune and inflammatory response that results in loss of retinal ganglion cell function and death, as in Leber's hereditary Optic Neuropathy and suggests novel therapeutic routes to counter mitochondrial defects that contribute to vision loss.
Swaziland: Ticking time bomb as workers launch protests (2015)

The international Trade Union Confederation (ITUC), campaigning groups and laboursupporting members of the European parliament launched protests this month about the continued harassment and jailing of trade unionists and democracy campaigners in Swaziland.
Step structure and interface morphology: Arsenic on vicinal silicon surfaces (1990)

Changes in the structure of the steps on vicinal Si(100) and Si(111) due to arsenic adsorption have been characterized using low-energy electron diffraction. Under equilibrium conditions all the surfaces studies show reversible step rearrangements as a function of arsenic coverage. On vicinal Si(111) double layer steps form at approximately 0.2 ML of As. On vicinal Si(100) arsenic adsorption causes the steps to group to form facets. If the surfaces are not equilibrated, the step structures formed depend sensitively on preparation procedure. Prior observations on the growth of GaAs on stepped Si(100) are discussed in terms of our observations of step rearrangements.
Detection of HTTP-GET flood Attack Based on Analysis of Page Access Behavior (2007)

Recently, there are many denial-of-service (DoS) attacks by computer viruses or botnet. DoS attacks to Web services are called HTTP-GET flood attack and threats of them increase day by day. In this type of attacks, malicious clients send a large number of HTTP-GET requests to the target Web server automatically. Since these HTTP-GET requests have legitimate formats and are sent via normal TCP connections, an intrusion detection system (IDS) can not detect them. In this paper, we propose HTTP-GET flood detection techniques based on analysis of page access behavior. We propose two detection algorithms, one is focusing on a browsing order of pages and the other is focusing on a correlation with browsing time to page information size. We implement detection techniques and evaluate attack detection rates, i.e., false positive and false negative. The results show that our techniques can detect the HTTP-GET flood attack effectively.
Biosensor for the Nonspecific Determination of Ionic Surfactants (1996)

We report the analytical figures of merit for the first biosensor for ionic surfactant quantification. The biosensor consists of a silanized silica optical fiber, onto which acrylodan-labeled bovine serum albumin (BSA-Ac) is immobilized. Recent work from our laboratory on native BSA-Ac (Lundgren, J. S.; Bright, F. V. J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100, 8580-8586) has shown that ionic surfactants dehydrate the local environment surrounding the lone acrylodan residue, open up the pocket hosting the acrylodan reporter group, and dramatically increase the segmental mobility of domain I in BSA. In the current work, we use BSA-Ac as an actual biorecognition element for surfactant detection and quantification. We also compare several BSA-Ac immobilization strategies and determine the analytical figures of merit for the BSA-Ac-based biosensor to a prototypical analyte, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The biosensor linear dynamic range extends from 5 to 60 μM, and the t(90) response time (90% of the total response) is less than 30 s. Biosensor response precision (relative standard deviation) during 34 sensing cycles is 2.5%. On the down side, biosensor performance decreases 38% after 25 days of storage; however, this drift can be compensated. This work also demonstrates the utility of BSA-Ac as a model biorecognition element-reporter group system for grading the suitability of different surface immobilization strategies.
Synthesis of valiolamine and its N-substituted derivatives AO-128, validoxylamine G, and validamycin G via branched-chain inosose derivatives (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of valiolamine and its N-substituted derivatives AO-128, validoxylamine G, and validamycin G via branched-chain inosose derivativesHiroshi Fukase and Satoshi HoriiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 13, 3651–3658Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00039a026https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00039a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views881Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Molecularly Imprinted Polymer as an Antibody Substitution in Pseudo-immunoassays for Chemical Contaminants in Food and Environmental Samples (2018)

The chemical contaminants in food and the environment are quite harmful to food safety and human health. Rapid, accurate, and cheap detection can effectively control the potential risks derived from these chemical contaminants. Among all detection methods, the immunoassay based on the specific interaction of antibody-analyte is one of the most widely used techniques in the field. However, biological antibodies employed in the immunoassay usually cannot tolerate extreme conditions, resulting in an unstable state in both physical and chemical profiles. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are a class of polymers with specific molecular recognition abilities, which are highly robust, showing excellent operational stability under a wide variety of conditions. Recently, MIPs have been used in biomimetic immunoassays for chemical contaminants as an antibody substitute in food and the environment. Here, we reviewed these applications of MIPs incorporated in different analytical platforms, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, fluorescent immunoassay, chemiluminescent immunoassay, electrochemical immunoassay, microfluidic paper-based immunoassay, and homogeneous immunoassay, and discussed current challenges and future trends in the use of MIPs in biomimetic immunoassays.
An analytic study of the performance of electronic tracking feeds in a beam waveguide antenna (1992)

The authors present the results of an analytic study of implementing an electronic tracking feed in a beam waveguide (BWG) antenna environment. The emphasis is on a ground antenna supporting a high-data-rate space-to-ground communication (telemetry) link at a distance of several astronomical units. This means that the tracking feed hardware must be designed to provide optimal front-end gain-over-noise-temperature ratio (G/T) in the sum channel. At the same time, it should have high sensitivity in the error channels. Particular reference is made to the NASA/JPL 34-m research and development antenna for the Deep Space Network, which is a BWG antenna.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Colour bit-stealing to enhance the luminance resolution of digital displays on a single pixel basis (1997)

A look-up table algorithm is described for enhancing the luminance resolution at the expense of the colour resolution in digital displays of colour images. For colour displays with a look-up table resolution of 8 bits/gun, the algorithm provides a luminance resolution of 11-12 bits without loss of spatial or temporal resolution. This improvement can reduce the minimum luminance step in the mid-luminance range from 1.5% to > 0.2% with no additional hardware.
Get ready for Filing Season 2014 : income tax (2014)

Every year at around this time, with fanfare, SARS launches Tax Filing Season. This is the time of year when radio speakers and television screens are filled with messages imploring taxpayers to make South Africa great by completing and submitting their tax returns.
Immunosuppression and Intracellular Calcium Signaling in Splenocytes from Chicks Infected with Chicken Anemia Virus, CL-1 Isolate (1995)

Hematocrits, histopathology, concanavalin A-induced lymphocyte proliferation, intracellular calcium signaling, and lymphocyte subpopulations were analyzed over a 6-week period in individual chicks inoculated with the CL-1 isolate of chicken anemia virus. Lymphoid depletion/atrophy was present in the thymus and bone marrow by 11 days post-infection (PI). Anemia was present at 14 days PI. The mean lymphocyte proliferation stimulation index (SI) of the inoculated group was significantly lower than that of the control group at 11 days PI. This response was reversed at 18 days PI, when the SI of the inoculated group was significantly higher than that of the controls; values subsequently returned to baseline. The increase in intracellular calcium levels in CAV-infected chicks and controls paralleled the proliferative response. Percentages of CD3-, CD4-, CD8-, and natural-killer-positive-staining cells decreased significantly at 18 and 25 days PI. The most dramatic decrease occurred in the CD8-positive-staining cell population at 18 and 25 days PI.
Vera Bácskai and her significance in the development of European urban history: a personal account (2021)

Abstract This account of Vera Bacskai's contribution to European urban history after 1990 is a personal narrative, written by a friend and collaborator. It argues that her role was multi-dimensional. It was founded on her major publications on Budapest and small towns, shedding a crucial East Central European light on European urbanization. It was underpinned by her participation in various international projects like the EU TEMPUS programme which created strong institutional bonds with Western universities as well as opportunities for Hungarian students through exchange programmes, international workshops and the like. Not least, she was a strong pillar in the construction of the European Association for Urban History. When she joined the committee in 1991, it was still an embryonic body. In 1996, she organized the successful and important Budapest conference. When she retired from EAUH in 2004, its conferences were attracting many hundreds of researchers, from across Europe and beyond.
Computing with very weak random sources (2002)

For any fixed /spl epsiv/>0, we show how to simulate RP algorithms in time n/sup O(log n/) using the output of a /spl delta/-source with min-entropy R(/spl epsiv/). Such a weak random source is asked once for R(/spl epsiv/) bits; it outputs an R-bit string such that any string has probability at most 2/sup -R/(/spl epsiv//). If /spl epsiv/>1-1/(k+1), our BPP simulations take time n/sup O(log(k/ n)) (log/sup (k/) is the logarithm iterated k times). We also give a polynomial-time BPP simulation using Chor-Goldreich sources of min-entropy R/sup /spl Omega/(1/), which is optimal. We present applications to time-space tradeoffs, expander constructions, and the hardness of approximation. Also of interest is our randomness-efficient Leftover Hash Lemma, found independently by Goldreich and Wigderson.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Concurrent garbage collection for C++ (2018)

Abstract: "Automatic storage management, or garbage collection, is a feature usually associated with languages oriented toward 'symbolic processing,' such as Lisp or Prolog; it is seldom associated with 'systems' languages, such as C and C++. This report surveys techniques for performing garbage collection for languages such as C and C++, and presents an implementation of a concurrent copying collector for C++. The report includes performance measurements on both a uniprocessor and a multiprocessor."
Mechanism of SOA-based regenerative amplification of phase-noise degraded DPSK signals (2005)

Presented is dynamic analysis for SOA-based regenerative amplification (SORA) of phase-noise-degraded DPSK signals, which led to the first recent practical demonstration of a SORA. The modelling results agree with the experiment. The regeneration is achieved without wavelength conversion and/or using additional laser resources.
Molecular analysis of the <i>Methorprene‐tolerant</i> gene region of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> (1995)

Adult functions of juvenile hormone (JH) have been described for Drosophila melanogaster and other dipteran insects, but preadult function for this hormone remains largely unknown in this order of insects. We have identified a mutation of Drosophila, Methoprene-tolerant (Met), which appears to alter JH reception during late larval development. The molecular cloning of Met will be a step toward understanding this gene and possibly identifying a preadult role(s) for JH. Molecular cloning was initiated using the technique of transposon-tagging with a transposable P element. P-element insertional alleles of Met were generated, and genomic libraries were constructed from two of these alleles. From these libraries P-element-bearing clones were isolated that in situ hybridized to the cytogenetic region where Met had been previously localized by genetic methods. Two of the alleles were shown to have complete P-elements inserted in similar, but not identical, locations in the predicted cytogenetic region where Met is located. A late-larval cDNA library was screened to identify transcriptional units in this region, and clones were recovered with homology to a DNA fragment abutting the P-element insertion site. These clones may represent Met cDNA molecules.
Technique for Calibrating Network Models (1983)

In calibrating a water distribution system model, the model user usually adjusts pipe roughness (e.g., Hazen‐Williams C factor) or water use so that pressures and flows predicted by the model agree with values observed in the field. This paper presents formulas to assist the user in deciding whether to adjust C or water use and by how much. The key to using the formulas is to observe pressures in the system for at least two significantly different use rates. Such data are often collected during fire flow tests. A model is considered calibrated to the extent that it can predict the behavior of the water distribution system over a wide range of operating conditions and water use.
User space memory management for post-copy migration (2017)

Post-copy migration allows reduction of application down-time and reduces overall network bandwidth used for application migration [4]. Migration can be used to help optimize several aspects of operations such as power efficiency[3]. The userfault technology recently introduced to the Linux kernel allows post-copy migration of virtual machines. However, this technology is missing essential features required for post-copy migration of Linux containers.