gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new addressing solution for scalable routing in the presence of mobility (2008)

The routing architecture in today's IP networks relies on IP addresses that are overloaded in the sense that they are used as both identifiers (IDs) and addresses (locators). This makes it hard to support the need for multi-homing, traffic engineering, and mobility while maintaining address hierarchy that is essential for scalable routing. Thus, there is a need to separate identifiers from locators. In this paper we discuss a novel approach to this separation and define an architecture that exploits this separation to achieve routing scalability. While most of current proposals to ID-address separation are focused on solving the multi-homing and traffic engineering problems for commercial Internet, we develop a solution that addresses these two problems as well as the need to support network mobility which is more important for the GIG tactical domains. Besides scalability, our protocol solution (address-identifier mapping system - AIMS) provides rapid response to mobility by making IDs flat and portable while keeping addressing hierarchical and dynamic.
An Adsorbate Discriminatory Gate Effect in a Flexible Porous Coordination Polymer for Selective Adsorption of CO<sub>2</sub> over C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> (2016)

The adsorptive separation of C2H2 and CO2 via porous materials is nontrivial due to the close similarities of their boiling points and kinetic diameters. In this work, we describe a new flexible porous coordination polymer (PCP) [Mn(bdc)(dpe)] (H2bdc = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid, dpe = 1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene) having zero-dimensional pores, which shows an adsorbate discriminatory gate effect. The compound shows gate opening type abrupt adsorption for C2H2 but not for CO2, leading to an appreciable selective adsorption of CO2 over C2H2 at near ambient temperature (273 K). The origin of this unique selectivity, as unveiled by in situ adsorption-X-ray diffraction experiments and density functional theory calculations, is due to vastly different orientations between the phenylene ring of bdc and each gas in the nanopores. The structural change by photochemical transformation of this PCP via [2 + 2] photodimerization leads to the removal of inverse CO2/C2H2 selectivity, verifying the mechanism of the guest discriminatory gate effect.
AFM Single Molecule Experiments at the Solid−Liquid Interface:  In Situ Conformation of Adsorbed Flexible Polyelectrolyte Chains (2005)

This paper reports the in situ study of conformations of flexible synthetic polymer molecules of protonated poly(2-vinylpyridine) at the solid-liquid interface at different pH of aqueous solutions. The direct conformation study of such thin ( approximately 0.4 nm) single molecules under liquid is performed for the first time. The highly protonated poly(2-vinylpyridine) chains possess a conformation of 2D equilibrated random coil, while at low degree of protonation, molecules are in the conformation of a strongly compressed 3D coil. Molecules are immobile during the few hours of the AFM experiment.
The Kazal-type inhibitors infestins 1 and 4 differ in specificity but are similar in three-dimensional structure (2012)

Blood coagulation is an important process in haemostasis, and disorders of blood coagulation can lead to an increased risk of haemorrhage and thrombosis. Coagulation is highly conserved in mammals and has been comprehensively studied in humans in the investigation of bleeding or thrombotic diseases. Some substances can act as inhibitors of blood coagulation and may affect one or multiple enzymes throughout the process. A specific thrombin inhibitor called infestin has been isolated from the midgut of the haematophagous insect Triatoma infestans. Infestin is a member of the nonclassical Kazal-type serine protease inhibitors and is composed of four domains, all of which have a short central α-helix and a small antiparallel β-sheet. Domains 1 and 4 of infestin (infestins 1 and 4) possess specific inhibitory activities. Infestin 1 inhibits thrombin, while infestin 4 is an inhibitor of factor XIIa, plasmin and factor Xa. Here, the structure determination and structural analysis of infestin 1 complexed with trypsin and of infestin 4 alone are reported. Through molecular modelling and docking, it is suggested that the protein-protein binding site is conserved in the infestin 1-thrombin complex compared with other Kazal-type inhibitors. Infestin 4 is able to bind factor XIIa, and the F9N and N11R mutants selected by phage display were shown to be more selective for factor XIIa in comparison to the wild type.
Tactical Missile Design (2001)

Introduction / Key Drivers in the Design Process Aerodynamic Considerations in Tactical Missile Design Propulsion Considerations in Tactical Missile Design Weight Considerations in Tactical Missile Design Flight Performance Considerations in Tactical Missile Design Measures of Merit and Launch Platform Integration Sizing Examples Development Process Summary and Lessons Learned References List of Acronyms/Symbols Conversion Factors Index
Assessment of machining features for tool condition monitoring in face milling using an artificial neural network (2000)

Because of a wide scatter in the tool lives of face milling inserts and limitations of conventional methods for predicting the same, artificial neural systems have become advantageous for their ability to learn input-output mappings. Process parameters coupled with machining responses and experimental observations provide a basis for monitoring the tool wear in face milling. Chip characteristics such as shape and colour together with features of force and vibration are potential candidates for wear prediction in the field of tool condition monitoring.
Structure and Dielectric Property of High-k ZrO2 Films Grown by Atomic Layer Deposition Using Tetrakis(Dimethylamido)Zirconium and Ozone (2019)

High-k metal oxide films are vital for the future development of microelectronics technology. In this work, ZrO<sub>2</sub> films were grown on silicon by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using tetrakis(dimethylamido)zirconium and ozone as precursors. The relatively constant deposition rate of 0.125 nm/cycle is obtained within the ALD temperature window of 200-250 °C. The film thickness can be precisely controlled by regulating the number of ALD cycle. The ZrO<sub>2</sub> films formed at 200-250 °C have an O/Zr atomic ratio of 1.85-1.9 and a low content of carbon impurity. ZrO<sub>2</sub> film begins to crystallize in ALD process above 210 °C, and the crystal structure is changed from cubic and orthorhombic phases to monoclinic and orthorhombic phases with increasing the deposition temperature to 350 °C. Moreover, the effect of annealing temperature on dielectric properties of ZrO<sub>2</sub> film was studied utilizing ZrO<sub>2</sub>-based MIS device. The growth of the interface layer between ZrO<sub>2</sub> and Si substrate leads to the decrease in the capacitance and the leakage current of dielectric layer in the MIS device after 1000 °C annealing. ZrO<sub>2</sub> film exhibits the relatively high dielectric constant of 32.57 at 100 kHz and the low leakage current density of 3.3 × 10<sup>-6</sup> A cm<sup>-2</sup> at 1 MV/cm.
Activating Mutation in the Catalytic Domain of c-kit Elicits Hematopoietic Transformation by Receptor Self-Association Not at the Ligand-Induced Dimerization Site (1999)

The c-kit receptor tyrosine kinase (KIT) is constitutively activated by naturally occurring mutations in either the juxtamembrane domain or the kinase domain. Although the juxtamembrane domain mutations led to ligand-independent KIT dimerization, the kinase domain mutations (Asp814 → Val or Tyr) did not. In an effort to determine if the kinase domain mutant could transfer oncogenic signaling without receptor dimerization, we have constructed the truncated types of c-kitWild and c-kitTyr814 cDNAs (c-kitDel-Wild and c-kitDel-Tyr814 cDNAs, respectively), in which ligand-binding and ligand-induced dimerization domains were deleted. When c-kitDel-Wild and c-kitDel-Tyr814 genes were introduced into a murine interleukin-3 (IL-3)–dependent cell line Ba/F3, KITDel-Tyr814 was constitutively phosphorylated on tyrosine and activated, whereas KITDel-Wild was not. In addition, Ba/F3 cells expressing KITDel-Tyr814(Ba/F3Del-Tyr814) grew in suspension culture without the addition of exogenous growth factor, whereas Ba/F3 cells expressing KITDel-Wild (Ba/F3Del-Wild) required IL-3 for growth. The factor-independent growth of Ba/F3Del-Tyr814 cells was virtually abrogated by coexpression of KITW42 that is a dominant-negative form of KIT, but not by that of KITWild, suggesting that KITDel-Tyr814 may not function as a monomer but may require receptor dimerization for inducing factor-independent growth. Furthermore, KITDel-Tyr814 was found to be coimmunoprecipitated with KITWild or KITW42 by an ACK2 monoclonal antibody directed against the extracellular domain of KIT. Moreover, KITW42 was constitutively associated with a chimeric FMS/KITTyr814 receptor containing the ligand-binding and receptor dimerization domain of c-fmsreceptor (FMS) fused to the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domain of KITTyr814, but not with a chimeric FMS/KITWildreceptor even after stimulation with FMS-ligand. These results suggest that constitutively activating mutation of c-kit at the Asp814 codon may cause a conformation change that leads to receptor self-association not in the extracellular domain and that the receptor self-association of the Asp814 mutant may be important for activation of downstream effectors that are required for factor-independent growth and tumorigenicity.
Community-based chronic disease management program for African Americans. (2003)

Seventy-five predominately African American volunteers were enrolled in a community-based intervention program designed to lower blood pressure and HgbA1C levels in an African American population. Program components consisted of exercise, meal planning, weekly support groups, periodic cooking schools, and service coordination. Significant decreases in initial and 1-year values were seen in both systolic blood pressure (P < .0001) and diastolic blood pressure (P = .000) and HgbA1Cs for those with initial values > 7% (P = .013).
Research On Gastric Multiparameter Sensors Technology (1992)

This paper introduce« gastric multiparameter sensors basic theory, and men gives several results of sensors property detection. The results show that these sensors can give a good base of signal detection for the research.
DEVELOPMENT OF STEEL-PLATE BEARING FOR THE ERECTION OF PRECAST PC SLABS (2000)

An experimental study for the development of steel-plate bearing applied to the erection of precast PC slabs has been made. A total of 6 PC beam specimens having different embedding length of anchor bolts and the spacing between stirrups have been used, and a simple-beam type loading test was carried out. It was found that the strength and deformation properties of the bearing increases as either the embedding length increases or the spacing between stirrups decreases. A mixing of failure modes was also observed ; the bond splitting failure of anchor bolts (the major failure mode for all specimens) was accompanied by the bending failure at a beam section.
Up‐regulation of uncoupling proteins by β‐adrenergic stimulation in L6 myotubes (2001)

Catecholamine-induced and beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR)-mediated thermogenesis in skeletal muscle is a significant component of whole-body energy expenditure. Skeletal muscle expresses uncoupling protein (UCP) 2 and UCP3, which can dissipate the transmitochondrial electrochemical gradient and thereby may be involved in regulation of energy metabolism. We investigated the effects of beta-AR stimulation on UCP2 and UCP3 expression in L6 myotubes. Stimulation of the cells with epinephrine increased the UCP3 mRNA level transiently at 6 h, and also the UCP2 mRNA level at 6-24 h. The stimulatory effects of epinephrine were also observed in the presence of carbacyclin and 9-cis retinoic acid, and mimicked by isoproterenol and salbutamol (beta2-AR agonists), but abolished by propranolol and ICI-118,551 (beta2-AR antagonists). Pharmacological and mRNA analyses revealed the existence of beta2-AR, but not beta1- and beta3-ARs, in L6 myotubes. These results suggested that catecholamines up-regulate UCP2 and UCP3 expression through direct action on the beta2-AR in skeletal muscle.
A Cloud-Based Model to Facilitate Mobility of Privacy-Preserving Attribute-Based Credential Users (2015)

Deploying the full ecosystem of Privacy-preserving Attribute-based Credentials requires the involved entities to employ and operate some software/hardware packages on their domains. This also holds for the Privacy-ABC users, as they need to run a User Agent, which acts on their behalf and performs some computations locally when authenticating towards Service Providers. If the user wishes to use multiple workstations, currently there is no solution other than installing the User Agent on every device. This introduces barriers to their mobility and causes inconvenience, which can negatively influence adoption of such technologies. In this paper, we aim at a Software-as-a-Service approach and suggest an install-free architecture that lifts the aforementioned barriers.
Integration and Packaging MEMS Directly Above Active CMOS (2007)

Summary form only given. The majority of current MEMS products on the market still use a hybrid approach for the MEMS and the processing circuitry. The disadvantage of a hybrid approach is on the one hand the higher assembly and packaging cost and on the other hand the fact that the interconnections between the MEMS and the processing circuitry induce additional parasitic effects that may limit the system performance. Monolithic integration of MEMS and processing circuitry yields simpler assembly and packaging with minimum interconnection parasitics. IMEC believes that a "MEMS-last" or "post-CMOS MEMS" integration is a promising approach for monolithic integration as it enables integrating MEMS without introducing any changes in the standard CMOS fabrication process. This type of MEMS back-end-integration keeps a modular approach to a large extent: MEMS and IC can be first developed and optimized separately. It is only in a later stage of the development path, when a certain level of optimization is already reached, that MEMS are processed on top of the IC surface. In this way a new generation of circuitry can easily replace the older one without affecting the MEMS on top of it. However, post-processing MEMS limits the maximum fabrication temperature of the MEMS because of the risk of damaging the existing electronics or degrading its performance. In this paper we give an overview of different CMOS-MEMS integration options and then discuss in more detail the use of poly-SiGe as a post-CMOS MEMS integration technology. Using this technology, MEMS devices may be cost effectively processed and packaged directly on top of active CMOS yielding significantly miniaturized systems with increased sensitivity.
Reduced anatomical clutter in digital breast tomosynthesis with statistical iterative reconstruction (2018)

Statistical image reconstruction enabled a significant reduction of both the through-plane artifacts level and anatomical clutter in the DBT reconstructions. The β value was found to be β≈2.14 with the SIR method. This value stays in the middle between the β≈1.8 for cone beam CT and β≈3.2 for mammography. In contrast, the measured β value in the clinical reconstructions (β≈3.17) remains close to that of mammography.
Call to Police the Margins: The Eighth Circuit's Expansion of Miranda's Public-Safety Exception, A (2010)

The right of every citizen against compulsory self-incrimination is a principle firmly embedded in the American justice system. The Supreme Court of the United States in Miranda v. Arizona, a decision that has established itself in the public consciousness, found the abuses of law enforcement so grave that the Court mandated certain prophylactic measures to protect Fifth Amendment rights. In doing so, the Court recognized that it was balancing the interest of protecting individuals' Fifth Amendment rights against the potential detrimental costs to effective law enforcement. In New York v. Quarles, the Supreme Court found a public policy exception to Miranda where there were exigent circumstances that constituted a sufficient risk to "public safety," which then justified disregarding Miranda's prophylactic measures in favor of effective law enforcement. An immediate and serious danger to public safety could upset the balance of public interests protected by Miranda, and Quarles's new exception sought to regain that balance. In subsequent years, the public-safety exception has undergone an expansion beyond the exigency requirement originally articulated in Quarles. The United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit has disregarded immediacy as being absolutely necessary in finding the public-safety exception to Miranda. In United States v. Liddell, the Eighth Circuit held that the public-safety exception applies to circumstances in which there is potential harm to police officers if there is an objectively reasonable belief that they may mishandle or happen upon an inherently dangerous item. In finding the public-safety exception applicable in these circumstances, the Eighth Circuit has upset the balance struck by the Supreme Court in Miranda and Quarles and ought to re-examine the exception to bring it back within its original conception - one rooted in exigency.
A study of thresholding strategies for text categorization (2001)

Thresholding strategies in automated text categorization are an underexplored area of research. This paper presents an examination of the effect of thresholding strategies on the performance of a classifier under various conditions. Using k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) as the classifier and five evaluation benchmark collections as the testbets, three common thresholding methods were investigated, including rank-based thresholding (RCut), proportion-based assignments (PCut) and score-based local optimization (SCut); in addition, new variants of these methods are proposed to overcome significant problems in the existing approaches. Experimental results show that the choice of thresholding strategy can significantly influence the performance of kNN, and that the ``optimal'' strategy may vary by application. SCut is potentially better for fine-tuning but risks overfitting. PCut copes better with rare categories and exhibits a smoother trade-off in recall versus precision, but is not suitable for online decision making. RCut is most natural for online response but is too coarse-grained for global or local optimization. RTCut, a new method combining the strength of category ranking and scoring, outperforms both PCut and RCut significantly.
High-Gain SiC MESFETs Using Source-Connected Field Plates (2009)

We demonstrate for the first time improvement of radio-frequency (RF) gain of SiC MESFETs by using source-connected field plates (FPs). MESFETs fabricated with this approach show a new record maximum stable gain exceeding 15.7 dB at 3.1 GHz. This is 2.7 dB higher than the baseline devices without FP. RF power output greater than 4 W/mm was also achieved showing the potential of these devices for high-power operation.
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) serological response to Branhamella catarrhalis in patients with acute bronchopulmonary infections. (1988)

Over 12 months serum was collected from 45 inpatients, with acute bronchopulmonary infection, in whose sputum Branhamella catarrhalis predominated, or was the sole pathogen. Serum was examined for IgG against B catarrhalis using an immunofluorescence antibody test. Acute and convalescent sera were compared with sera of age and sex matched controls. The convalescent sera had significantly higher titres than the acute sera which in turn had higher titres than the controls. The findings confirm the role of B catarrhalis as a respiratory pathogen and suggest that patients with chronic pulmonary disease are more prone to infection with this organism than the general population.
The functional interplay between EGFR overexpression, hTERT activation, and p53 mutation in esophageal epithelial cells with activation of stromal fibroblasts induces tumor development, invasion, and differentiation (2007)

Esophageal cancer is a prototypic squamous cell cancer that carries a poor prognosis, primarily due to presentation at advanced stages. We used human esophageal epithelial cells as a platform to recapitulate esophageal squamous cell cancer, thereby providing insights into the molecular pathogenesis of squamous cell cancers in general. This was achieved through the retroviral-mediated transduction into normal, primary human esophageal epithelial cells of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), the catalytic subunit of human telomerase (hTERT), and p53(R175H), genes that are frequently altered in human esophageal squamous cell cancer. These cells demonstrated increased migration and invasion when compared with control cells. When these genetically altered cells were placed within the in vivo-like context of an organotypic three-dimensional (3D) culture system, the cells formed a high-grade dysplastic epithelium with malignant cells invading into the stromal extracellular matrix (ECM). The invasive phenotype was in part modulated by the activation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Using pharmacological and genetic approaches to decrease MMP-9, invasion into the underlying ECM could be suppressed partially. In addition, tumor differentiation was influenced by the type of fibroblasts within the stromal ECM. To that end, fetal esophageal fibroblasts fostered a microenvironment conducive to poorly differentiated invading tumor cells, whereas fetal skin fibroblasts supported a well-differentiated tumor as illustrated by keratin "pearl" formation, a hallmark feature of well-differentiated squamous cell cancers. When inducible AKT was introduced into fetal skin esophageal fibroblasts, a more invasive, less-differentiated esophageal cancer phenotype was achieved. Invasion into the stromal ECM was attenuated by genetic knockdown of AKT1 as well as AKT2. Taken together, alterations in key oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in esophageal epithelial cells, the composition and activation of fibroblasts, and the components of the ECM conspire to regulate the physical and biological properties of the stroma.