gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrochemically Modified Glassy Carbon for Capacitor Electrodes Characterization of Thick Anodic Layers by Cyclic Voltammetry, Differential Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry, Spectroscopic Ellipsometry, X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, FTIR, and AFM (2000)

Glassy carbon (GC) electrodes were activated by electrochemical constant potential anodization in order to generate high-surface area, high-capacitance electrodes. After anodic oxidation in sulfuric acid the electrodes exhibited increased capacitance. After subsequent electrochemical reduction of the activated layer, a further significant increase in capacitance was observed. Growth, structure, and surface properties of the activated electrodes were monitored by cyclic voltammetry, differential electrochemical mass spectrometry, spectroscopic ellipsometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Two different types of glassy carbon obtained by pyrolysis at 1000 °C and at 2200 °C were compared. Differential electrochemical mass spectrometry reveals that CO<sub>2</sub> is the main reaction product during oxidation, while CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub> are detected during reduction. The values of surface layer capacitance and thickness determined by spectroscopic ellipsometry increase as linear functions of oxidation time. The resulting volumetric capacitance was at least 100 F/cm<sup>3</sup>. After oxidation, the presence of functional surface groups was demonstrated by XPS. The relative contributions of the different surface functionalities depend on the pyrolysis temperature of the GC. Reduction lowered the concentration of oxygen-containing functional surface groups. The XPS results were qualitatively confirmed by Fourier transform infrared measurements carried out at the same samples. AFM measurements on glassy carbon showed that the film growth both into and out of the substrate, resulted in a raised surface after activation. A qualitative model for film growth is presented.
Preparation and characterization of p-chlorophenol-imprinted composite membrane (2011)

Molecularly imprinted composite membranes were synthesized successfully by in-situ polymerization.Poly ethylene fluoride(PVDF) film was used as supporting membrane,a layer of molecularly imprinted polymer was polymerized with p-chlorophenol(4-CP) as template,acrylamide(AM) as functional monomer,ethylene glycol dimethacrylate(EDMA) as crosslinker and azobisiobutyronitrile(AIBN) as initiator by thermopolymerization.The structure and surface morphology of MIM were characterized by FT-IR and SEM.The adsorption capacity of the membrane was performed by static adsorption method.The maximum adsorption was almost three times than the blank membrane.The imprinted membrane showed higher selectrivity for 4-cp than phenol,but similar with its anologue 2-chlorophenol.The reason for this result maybe was that the size of the cave made by the template in the imprinted composite membrane was a little bigger than that of phenol molecule.
Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence of Carbon Nanotubes (2010)

The photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) is relatively low, with various quenching effects by metallic species reported in the literature. Here, we report the first case of metal enhanced fluorescence (MEF) of surfactant-coated carbon nanotubes on nanostructured gold substrates. The photoluminescence quantum yield of SWNTs is observed to be enhanced more than 10-fold. The dependence of fluorescence enhancement on metal-nanotube distance and on the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of the gold substrate for various SWNT chiralities is measured to reveal the mechanism of enhancement. Surfactant-coated SWNTs in direct contact with metal exhibit strong MEF without quenching, suggesting a small quenching distance for SWNTs on the order of the van der Waals distance, beyond which the intrinsically fast nonradiative decay rate in nanotubes is little enhanced by metal. The metal enhanced fluorescence of SWNTs is attributed to radiative lifetime shortening through resonance coupling of SWNT emission to the reradiating dipolar plasmonic modes in the metal.
Feeding ecology of the Green Catbird 'Ailuroedus crassirostris' in the Illawarra region, New South Wales (2016)

Feeding ecology in the Green Catbird 'Ailuroedus crassirostris', a primary frugivore of temperate and subtropical rainforests of eastern Australia, was investigated in the Illawarra rainforests over a five-year period. Fruit from 20 species of trees, shrubs and climbers was identified in the diet, which comprised 25% of available fruiting species in the region. Bolwarra 'Eupomatia laurina', Brown Beech 'Pennantia cunninghamii' and Featherwood 'Polyosma cunninghamii' were the most important feed species. Sandpaper Fig 'Ficus coronata' was moderately exploited, although figs were not as important in the local diet as they were in the northern part of the species' range. Seven fruiting plants were new additions to the known diet, as were sections of Lantana 'Lantana camara' stems. Knowledge of Green Catbird diet at regional scales improves the assessment of suitable habitat and assists rainforest restoration by identifying priority plant species that benefit catbirds. (The Victorian Naturalist 133 (1), 2016, 4-9)
Effect of Transfer, Lifting, and Repositioning (TLR) Injury Prevention Program on Musculoskeletal Injury Among Direct Care Workers (2011)

Musculoskeletal injuries among health care workers is very high, particularly so in direct care workers involved in patient handling. Efforts to reduce injuries have shown mixed results, and strong evidence for intervention effectiveness is lacking. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a Transfer, Lifting and Repositioning (TLR) program to reduce musculoskeletal injuries (MSI) among direct health care workers. This study was a pre- and post-intervention design, utilizing a nonrandomized control group. Data were collected from the intervention group (3 hospitals; 411 injury cases) and the control group (3 hospitals; 355 injury cases) for periods 1 year pre- and post-intervention. Poisson regression analyses were performed. Of a total 766 TLR injury cases, the majority of injured workers were nurses, mainly with back, neck, and shoulder body parts injured. Analysis of all injuries and time-loss rates (number of injuries/100 full-time employees), rate ratios, and rate differences showed significant differences between the intervention and control groups. All-injuries rates for the intervention group dropped from 14.7 pre-intervention to 8.1 post-intervention. The control group dropped from 9.3 to 8.4. Time-loss injury rates decreased from 5.3 to 2.5 in the intervention group and increased in the control group (5.9 to 6.5). Controlling for group and hospital size, the relative rate of all-injuries and time-loss injuries for the pre- to post-period decreased by 30% (RR = 0.693; 95% CI = 0.60-0.80) and 18.6% (RR = 0.814; 95% CI = 0.677-0.955), respectively. The study provides evidence for the effectiveness of a multifactor TLR program for direct care health workers, especially in small hospitals.
The mutational burden of acral melanoma revealed by whole‐genome sequencing and comparative analysis (2014)

Acral melanoma is a subtype of melanoma with distinct epidemiological, clinical and mutational profiles. To define the genomic alterations in acral melanoma, we conducted whole-genome sequencing and SNP array analysis of five metastatic tumours and their matched normal genomes. We identified the somatic mutations, copy number alterations and structural variants in these tumours and combined our data with published studies to identify recurrently mutated genes likely to be the drivers of acral melanomagenesis. We compared and contrasted the genomic landscapes of acral, mucosal, uveal and common cutaneous melanoma to reveal the distinctive mutational characteristics of each subtype.
Tetracycline inhibits W7FW14F apomyoglobin fibril extension and keeps the amyloid protein in a prefibrillar, highly cytotoxic state (2005)

ABSTRACT A significant number of fatal diseases are classified as protein deposition disorders, in which a normally soluble protein is deposited in an insoluble amyloid form. It has been reported that tetracycline exhibits anti‐amyloidogenic activity by inhibiting aggregate formation and disaggregating preformed fibrils. In this work, we examined the effect induced by the presence of tetracycline on the fibrillogenesis and cytotoxicity of the amyloid‐forming apomyoglobin mutant W7FW14F. Like other amyloid‐forming proteins, early prefibrillar aggregates formed by this protein are highly cytotoxic, whereas insoluble mature fibrils are not. The effect induced by tetracycline on the fibrillation process has been examined by atomic force microscopy, light scattering, DPH staining, and thioflavin T fluorescence. The cytotoxicity of the amyloid aggregates was estimated by measuring cell viability using MTT assay. The results show that tetracycline acts as anti‐aggregating agent, which inhibits the fibril elongation process but not the early aggregation steps leading to the formation of soluble oligomeric aggregates. Thus, this inhibition keeps the W7FW14F mutant in a prefibrillar, highly cytotoxic state. In this respect, a careful usage of tetracycline as fibril inhibitor is indicated.
Enhancing multicore reliability through wear compensation in online assignment and scheduling (2013)

System reliability is a crucial concern especially in multicore systems which tend to have high power density and hence temperature. Existing reliability-aware methods are either slow and non-adaptive (offline techniques) or do not use task assignment and scheduling to compensate for uneven core wear states (online techniques). In this article, we present a dynamically-activated task assignment and scheduling algorithm based on theoretical results that explicitly optimizes system lifetime. We also propose a data distillation method that dramatically reduces the size of the thermal profiles to make full system reliability analysis viable online. Simulation results show that our algorithm results in between 27--291% improvement to system lifetime compared to existing techniques for four-core systems.
Bactericidal activities of lysozyme and aprotinin against Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria related to their basic character (1992)

Bactericidal properties of aprotinin, a proteinase inhibitor and possibly a defence molecule in bovine species, and of chicken egg white lysozyme, known as muramidase, were investigated. Incubation of various bacteria in the presence of either aprotinin or lysozyme showed that both proteins killed Gram-positive as well as Gram-negative bacteria without addition of complement or EDTA. Denaturation of the two proteins by dithiothreitol did not lead to loss of their bactericidal potency. Electron microscopic examination of Escherichia coli incubated either with lysozyme or aprotinin revealed that the bacterial cytoplasms gradually disintegrated. Both aprotinin and lysozyme were demonstrated within the affected cytoplasm by immunogold labelling. The results suggest that the bactericidal potency of lysozyme is not only due to muramidase activity but also to its cationic and hydrophobic properties. The bactericidal activity of aprotinin is probably also related to both these properties rather than to its activity as proteinase inhibitor.
Decomposition of Logic Networks into Silicon (1985)

This paper describes a module compiler for decomposing arbitrary functional units of any complexity into abstract cells for customized VLSI layouts. The compiler takes the description of a functional unit as input and builds a dependence graph representation. The graph is then partitioned and the nodes are packed into abstract cell output descriptions. The algorithm will tailor the design to a given area and aspect ratio. Routing is done automatically through the cells.
Endothelin-binding inhibitors, BE-18257A and Be-18257B. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and characterization. (1991)

Two endothelin (ET)-binding inhibitors, BE-18257A and BE-18257B, which antagonized 125I-ET-1 binding to a porcine aortic smooth muscle membrane, were isolated from the mycelium of a strain of Streptomyces misakiensis. These binding inhibitors were extracted with methanol from mycelium and purified by HPLC.
Sensing Of High Pressure By Shock Heating Quartz Optical Fibers (1988)

We report the use of bare optical fibers to detect shock arrival times and shock pressures in the collision of a moving flyer plate with a stationary plate. Glass fibers were either laid on the surface of the stationary plate or put through closely fitting holes so that they were perpendicular to the plate, with their cleaved ends flush with the surface being struck by the flyer. The flyer, moving at 5 km/s, struck the stationary plate at an angle of 6.7°. The phase velocity of the line of Intersection, measured from the times of light onset in fibers at different positions, moved at over 40 km/s along the direction of the surface fibers. All of the fibers were shock heated to about 3600K, producing enough light to allow detection by optical receivers viewing the other ends of the fibers. By being reasonably careful about calibrating the absolute transmission of the optical system, we were able to obtain good estimates of the quartz temperature and pressure as a function of time and position along the surface fibers. (We assume that only the light from near the shock front emerges.) By fusing a short piece of smaller-core-fiber to the end of a surface fiber, we were able to get two signals from one fiber and deduce an instantaneous phase velocity. The perpendicular fibers gave understandable signals only during the time the shock ran through the stationary plate.
CD73 is required for efficient entry of lymphocytes into the central nervous system during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (2008)

CD73 is a cell surface enzyme of the purine catabolic pathway that catalyzes the breakdown of AMP to adenosine. Because of the strong immunosuppressive and antiinflammatory properties of adenosine, we predicted that cd73(-/-) mice would develop severe experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model for the central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory disease, multiple sclerosis. Surprisingly, cd73(-/-) mice were resistant to EAE. However, CD4 T cells from cd73(-/-) mice secreted more proinflammatory cytokines than wild-type (WT) mice and were able to induce EAE when transferred into naïve cd73(+/+) T cell-deficient recipients. Therefore, the protection from EAE observed in cd73(-/-) mice was not caused by a deficiency in T cell responsiveness. Immunohistochemistry showed that cd73(-/-) mice had fewer infiltrating lymphocytes in their CNS compared with WT mice. Importantly, susceptibility to EAE could be induced in cd73(-/-) mice after the transfer of WT CD73(+)CD4(+) T cells, suggesting that CD73 must be expressed either on T cells or in the CNS for disease induction. In the search for the source of CD73 in the CNS that might facilitate lymphocyte migration, immunohistochemistry revealed a lack of CD73 expression on brain endothelial cells and high expression in the choroid plexus epithelium which regulates lymphocyte immunosurveillance between the blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Because blockade of adenosine receptor signaling with the A(2a) adenosine receptor-specific antagonist SCH58261 protected WT mice from EAE induction, we conclude that CD73 expression and adenosine receptor signaling are required for the efficient entry of lymphocytes into the CNS during EAE development.
Electrospray mass spectrometry of borane salts: The electrospray needle as an electrochemical cell (1995)

Two borane salts ([(Me)4N][B3H8] and Cs[B3H8]) were examined by electrospray mass spectrometry in the positive ion mode. Acetonitrile solutions provided the most informative spectra; the salts exhibited a remarkable degree of clustering under electrospray conditions, and virtually all signals corresponded to cationic cluster ions of the general formula {[cation (m+)] x [anion (n-)] y }((mx - ny)+). In contrast, methanol solutions of these salts produced only B(OCH3) 4 (-) cluster ions under otherwise identical conditions. (11)B NMR analyses corroborate the identities of the methanol solution species that enter the electrospray source and the reaction product generated during the electrospray process.
Reviews of Books (1993)

Journal Article Reviews of Books Get access Religion et cultures en Bretagne, 1850–1950. By Michel Lagrée. Paris: Fayard. 1992. 601 pp. Ffr 180. ISBN 2 213 02924 5. RALPH GIBSON RALPH GIBSON University of Lancaster Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar French History, Volume 7, Issue 1, March 1993, Pages 121–123, https://doi.org/10.1093/fh/7.1.121 Published: 01 March 1993
Electromagnetic Interference Shielding by Transparent Graphene/Nickel Mesh Films (2020)

In this work, we present efficient, robust, and transparent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding by a hybrid material comprised of a nickel (Ni) mesh and a conformal graphene coating. We demonstrate that a 20 nm-thick graphene/Ni hybrid mesh can provide EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) exceeding 12.1 dB (∼93.6% power attenuation) in the decimeter band while retaining a high visible transmittance of ∼83%. Its maximum achieved SE value was 26.6 dB (∼99.5% power attenuation) at 0.75 GHz. Furthermore, the thicker Ni mesh exhibited a higher EMI SE. Compared to a conventional Ni mesh, the hybrid mesh exhibits a higher SE and a greatly improved corrosion resistance. The graphene coating is directly grown on a Ni mesh via rapid annealing of solid carbon precursors under low vacuum. Scalable fabrication of the mesh was achieved by a self-formed TiO2 crack network template. Our results not only provide a promising material for high-performance EMI shielding in optoelectronics devices but also enable applications of EMI shielding in harsh environments.
Authentication and Anti-replay Security Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks (2010)

Wireless Sensor Networks are used in domains such as medical monitoring, homeland security, industrial automation and military applications, therefore it is very critical to protect the network against malicious attacks. This paper presents a new security protocol that provides conversation authentication, integrity, intrusion prevention and anti-replay protection. The protocol uses two methods in order to meet these requirements: the last MAC method and an authentication handshake. The protocol has been implemented in TinyOS in two layers of the communication stack: the MAC and Authentication layer. The MAC layer is the implementation of the last MAC method and the Authentication layer generates and verifies the four messages exchanged during the authentication handshake. Authentication and Anti-replay Security Protocol has been tested with TOSSIM in various attack scenarios and has proved that it is able to reject malicious attempts to communicate with the network nodes.
La Vida del Campo (1992)

El paisaje de España es muy diverso. En Galicia y Norte Cantábrico, en las zonas que se llaman la España Húmeda, hay campos verdes como en Inglaterra con ganados vacunos pastando en las laderas de las colinas. Es aquí donde se pueden notar las viviendas típicas de aquella región. Las casonas y, al lado, los graneros que se llaman ‘hórreos’ están construidos sobre columnas de piedra o madera.
Reversal of extrahepatic membrane cholesterol deposition in patients with chronic liver diseases by <i>S</i>-adenosyl-<scp>l</scp>-methionine (1992)

1. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine is reported to improve serum liver function tests in chronic liver disease. Because liver disease is complicated by cholesterol deposition in hepatic and extrahepatic membranes, we have assessed whether oral administration of S-adenosyl-L-methionine to patients with hepatic disease can reverse the cholesterol enrichment of their erythrocytes. 2. The mean erythrocyte cholesterol-to-phospholipid molar ratio in 13 jaundiced patients was reduced 2 weeks after oral administration of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (from 0.874 +/- 0.112 to 0.844 +/- 0.102, P < 0.05) with 10 of the patients (77%) showing a decrease. By contrast, only four of 11 untreated patients (36%) had a reduced erythrocyte cholesterol-to-phospholipid molar ratio after 2 weeks and the mean values did not differ. 3. The plasma and erythrocyte cholesterol-to-phospholipid molar ratios remained closely correlated (r = 0.77, P < 0.01) before and after treatment, suggesting that S-adenosyl-L-methionine had not acted directly on the cells but rather had improved their lipoprotein milieu. Further support for this concept was provided by following one patient, who initially failed to respond, during an additional 3 weeks of S-adenosyl-L-methionine administration. The plasma cholesterol-to-phospholipid molar ratio fell steadily from week 1 to week 5 and was accompanied by a progressive decrease in the erythrocyte cholesterol-to-phospholipid molar ratio. Moreover, the initially suppressed acetylcholinesterase activity of the erythrocyte membranes returned towards normal during this period. 4. This preliminary study is the first evidence in jaundiced patients that a drug can help to reverse the deposition of cholesterol in an extrahepatic membrane.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Invisible Glue: Scalable Self-Tuning Multi-Stores (2015)

International audience
Metformin: a review of its potential indications (2017)

Metformin is the most commonly prescribed drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus. In recent years, in addition to glucose lowering, several studies have presented evidence suggesting some potential role for metformin, such as antitumor effect, antiaging effect, cardiovascular protective effect, neuroprotective effect or an optional treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome. This paper will critically review the role of metformin to provide reference for doctors and researchers.
Technologies for high performance CMOS active pixel imaging system-on-a-chip (2002)

Active pixel sensors (APS) based on CMOS technology challenges CCD image sensors in many aspects for high performance imaging systems, such as, low-voltage operation, low-power consumption, random image access, highly integrated functionality, high resolution, fast readout, CMOS compatible fabrication and low cost. In this paper various active CMOS pixel designs and circuit components for high performance imaging systems are reviewed. The emerging CMOS technologies for integrating all these components into camera-on-a-chip are reviewed.
Disrupted Pulmonary Vasculature and Decreased Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Flt-1, and TIE-2 in Human Infants Dying with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (2001)

An abnormal pulmonary vasculature may be an important component of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). We examined human infant lung for the endothelial cell marker PECAM-1 and for angiogenic factors and their receptors. Lung specimens were collected prospectively at approximately 6 h after death. The right middle lobe was inflation fixed and part of the right lower lobe was flash frozen. We compared lungs from infants dying with BPD (n = 5) with lungs from infants dying from nonpulmonary causes (n = 5). The BPD group was significantly more premature and had more days of ventilator and supplemental oxygen support, but died at a postconceptional age similar to control infants. PECAM-1 protein and mRNA were decreased in the BPD group. PECAM-1 immunohistochemistry showed the BPD group had decreased staining intensity and abnormal distribution of alveolar capillaries. The dysmorphic capillaries were frequently in the interior of thickened alveolar septa. The BPD group had decreased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA and decreased VEGF immunostaining, compared with infants without BPD. Messages for the angiogenic receptors Flt-1 and TIE-2 were decreased in the BPD group. We conclude that infants dying with BPD have abnormal alveolar microvessels and that disordered expression of angiogenic growth factors and their receptors may contribute to these abnormalities.