gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vehicle door seal modeler for wind noise (2000)

Wind-noise performance of a passenger vehicle plays a significant role in the customer’s perception of overall vehicle quality. Wind noise aerodynamically generated on the exterior surface of a vehicle can propagate to the vehicle interior through body panels, window glass, and the seal gap between the door and door opening panel. Experimental studies indicate that automotive door seal systems are generally a major contributor to the vehicle wind-noise performance. Traditionally, automotive door seals are designed using the ‘‘bread board’’ and other ‘‘build and test’’ procedures. Two new finite-element-based acoustic-structure analysis tools have been developed to evaluate the wind-noise performance of door sealing system. These validated CAE techniques allow the engineer to predict door seal system performance in sound transmission and aspiration leakage before the availability of prototype hardware. These methods combine the separate analysis capabilities of finite-element analysis for acoustics, rubber elasticity, steady-state harmonic viscoelasticity, and a unique modeling approach to perform a fully coupled structure/acoustic interaction analysis of door seal systems. These unique CAE methods, experimental validations, and implementation of these techniques on product design will be presented.
Structure, Materials and Shape Optimization of Magnetic Tunnel Junction Devices: Spin-Transfer Switching Current Reduction for Future Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory Application (2006)

We present a systematic study of spin transfer switching in magnetic tunneling junctions (MTJs). Several ways to decrease the switching current density through material and stack engineering and MTJ element shape optimization are explained in detail. The data are presented for switching on MgO-based MTJ with high tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) of 150% and low intrinsic switching current density Jc0 of (2–3)×106 A/cm2. Micromagnetic modeling is used to study the spin transfer switching mechanism in nanosecond regime for spin transfer torque random access memory (STT-RAM) pillar. The importance of current-induced Oersted field on the initial onset of precession is discussed.
Improving recency ranking using twitter data (2013)

In Web search and vertical search, recency ranking refers to retrieving and ranking documents by both relevance and freshness. As impoverished in-links and click information is the the biggest challenge for recency ranking, we advocate the use of Twitter data to address the challenge in this article. We propose a method to utilize Twitter TinyURL to detect fresh and high-quality documents, and leverage Twitter data to generate novel and effective features for ranking. The empirical experiments demonstrate that the proposed approach effectively improves a commercial search engine for both Web search ranking and tweet vertical ranking.
DeepScreening: a deep learning-based screening web server for accelerating drug discovery (2019)

Deep learning contributes significantly to researches in biological sciences and drug discovery. Previous studies suggested that deep learning techniques have shown superior performance to other machine learning algorithms in virtual screening, which is a critical step to accelerate the drug discovery. However, the application of deep learning techniques in drug discovery and chemical biology are hindered due to the data availability, data further processing and lacking of the user-friendly deep learning tools and interface. Therefore, we developed a user-friendly web server with integration of the state of art deep learning algorithm, which utilizes either the public or user-provided dataset to help biologists or chemists perform virtual screening either the chemical probes or drugs for a specific target of interest. With DeepScreening, user could conveniently construct a deep learning model and generate the target-focused de novo libraries. The constructed classification and regression models could be subsequently used for virtual screening against the generated de novo libraries, or diverse chemical libraries in stock. From deep models training to virtual screening, and target focused de novo library generation, all those tasks could be finished with DeepScreening. We believe this deep learning-based web server will benefit to both biologists and chemists for probes or drugs discovery.
Multilayer Laue lenses as high-resolution x-ray optics (2004)

Using Fresnel zone plates, a spatial resolution between 20 nm for soft x-rays and 70 nm for hard x-rays has been achieved. Improvement of the spatial resolution without loss of efficiency is difficult and incremental due to the fabrication challenges posed by the combination of small outermost zone width and high aspect ratios. We describe a novel approach for high-resolution x-ray focusing, a multilayer Laue lens (MLL). The MLL concept is a system of two crossed linear zone plates, manufactured by deposition techniques. The approach involves deposition of a multilayer with a graded period, sectioning it to the appropriate thickness, assembling the sections at the optimum angle, and using it in Laue geometry for focusing. The approach is particularly well suited for high-resolution focusing optics for use at high photon energy. We present a theory of the MLL using dynamic diffraction theory and Fourier optics.
Peptide Nucleic Acids (PNAs) Containing Thymine Monomers Derived from Chiral Amino Acids: Hybridization and Solubility Properties of <scp>D</scp>‐Lysine PNA (1996)

Functionalized chiral D- and L-amino acids in peptide nucleic acids (PNAs; backbone of a PNA shown on the right) affect their solubility properties as well as their hybridization with DNA and RNA. Mismatched base pairs are discriminated by these new PNAs better than by glycine PNAs. Monomers may find application in amide-based combinatorial chemistry, PNAs in the pharmokinetic field and in the synthesis of DNA conjugates.
Information-Theoretic Feature Detection in Ultrasound Images (2006)

The detection of image features is an essential component of medical image processing, and has wide-ranging applications including adaptive filtering, segmentation, and registration. In this paper, we present an information-theoretic approach to feature detection in ultrasound images. Ultrasound images are corrupted by speckle noise, which is a disruptive random pattern that obscures the features of interest. Using theoretical probability density functions of the speckle intensity distributions, we derive analytic expressions that measure the distance between distributions taken from different regions in an ultrasound image and use these distances to detect features. We compare the technique to classic gradient-based feature detection methods.
Intensity vector direction exploitation for exhaustive blind source separation of convolutive mixtures (2009)

This article presents a technique that uses the intensity vector direction exploitation (IVDE) method for exhaustive separation of convolutive mixtures. While only a four-element compact sensor array is used, multiple channels for all possible source directions are produced by exhaustive separation. Singular value decomposition (SVD) is then applied to determine the signal subspace and the directions of the local maxima of the signal energy. This information is then used to select the channels containing the individual sources. While the original IVDE method requires the prior knowledge of the directions of sources for separation, the present method eliminates this need and achieves fully blind separation. Performing SVD at a post-processing stage also improves the sound quality. The method has been tested for convolutive mixtures of up to four sources and typical separation performances are given.
Novel Polarization-Rotating Fiber Resonator For Rotation Sensing Applications (1990)

A novel fiber resonator architecture is presented, employing a 90 deg rotation of the polarization within the birefringent fiber ring. In principle, this concept provides a temperature-independent separation of the resonance dips corresponding to the two resonant polarization states in the ring. The technique thus avoids gross thermally driven errors encountered in the use of ordinary polarization-maintaining rings for resonator fiber-optic gyros. Data from an experimental polarization-rotating ring at 1.3 μm wavelength demonstrates greatly improved thermal stability in the presence of typical imperfections of a practical device.
Silicon Microring Modulator Driven by Transparent Conductive Oxide Capacitor (2020)

We experimentally demonstrated a novel silicon microring modulator driven by transparent conductive oxide capacitor, achieving a large tuning efficiency of 95 pm/V. Analysis indicates that a potential high-speed operation above 44GHz can be reached.
The FK506-binding protein FKBP52<i>in vitro</i>induces aggregation of truncated Tau forms with prion-like behavior (2015)

Tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), are neurodegenerative diseases associated with the pathologic aggregation of human brain Tau protein. Neuronal Tau is involved in microtubule (MT) formation and stabilization. We showed previously that the immunophilin FK506-binding protein of MW ∼52 kDa (FKBP52) interferes with this function of full-length Tau and provokes aggregation of a disease-related mutant of Tau. To dissect the molecular interaction between recombinant human FKBP52 and Tau, here, we study the effect of FKBP52 on a functional Tau fragment (Tau-F4, Ser(208)-Ser(324)) containing part of the proline- rich region and MT-binding repeats. Therefore, we perform MT assembly and light-scattering assays, blue native PAGE analysis, electron microscopy, and Tau seeding experiments in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. We show that FKBP52 (6 µM) prevents MT formation generated by Tau-F4 (5 µM) and induces Tau-F4 oligomerization and aggregation. Electron microscopy analyses show granular oligomers and filaments of Tau-F4 after short-time FKBP52 incubation. We demonstrate that the terminal parts of Tau interfere with the effects of FKBP52. Finally, we find that FKBP52-induced Tau-F4 oligomers cannot only generate in vitro, direct conformational changes in full-length Tau and that their uptake into neuronal cells can equally lead to aggregation of wild-type endogenous Tau. This suggests a potential prion-like property of these particular Tau-F4 aggregates. Collectively, our results strengthen the hypothesis of FKBP52 involvement in the Tau pathogenicity process.
Simple two-priority, low-jitter scheduler (2010)

Many papers on emulations of Generalized Processor Sharing (GPS) have been published. The algorithms and their implementations are often very complex and/or generate a bursty output. In this paper, we present a simple two-priority scheduler that can be easily implemented in hardware, making it especially interesting for Networks on Chips (NoCs), and other applications dealing with stringent resource constraints.
Diamond Raman laser with continuously tunable output from 338 to 380 μm (2014)

We report a pulsed mid-infrared diamond Raman laser with output tuned from 3.38 to 3.80 μm through varying the optical parametric oscillator (OPO) pump wavelength. To our knowledge this is the longest reported wavelength from a solid-state Raman laser. We generated up to 80 μJ with good beam quality and 22% quantum conversion efficiency. Whilst the conversion process itself is efficient, approximately 40% of the generated Stokes light is lost to multiphonon absorption. By introducing a secondary pump beam at the anti-Stokes wavelength to initiate a seed at the Stokes wavelength through Raman resonant four-wave mixing, the laser threshold was reduced by approximately half, and the maximum output increased by 44% to 115 μJ.
Biofilm and Nanowire Production Leads to Increased Current in <i>Geobacter sulfurreducens</i> Fuel Cells (2006)

Geobacter sulfurreducens developed highly structured, multilayer biofilms on the anode surface of a microbial fuel cell converting acetate to electricity. Cells at a distance from the anode remained viable, and there was no decrease in the efficiency of current production as the thickness of the biofilm increased. Genetic studies demonstrated that efficient electron transfer through the biofilm required the presence of electrically conductive pili. These pili may represent an electronic network permeating the biofilm that can promote long-range electrical transfer in an energy-efficient manner, increasing electricity production more than 10-fold.
Long-Term Follow-Up of Ibrutinib Monotherapy in Symptomatic, Previously Treated Patients With Waldenström Macroglobulinemia (2020)

Ibrutinib is highly active and produces long-term disease control in previously treated patients with WM. Treatment is tolerable. Response depth, time to major response, and PFS are impacted by <i>MYD88</i> and <i>CXCR4</i> mutation status.
The mechanism of CD99 and CD99L2 in leukocyte transendothelial migration (2013)

Transendothelial migration (TEM) is the process by which leukocytes move out of the vasculature into the interstitium and is one the most important steps of the inflammatory response. PECAM and CD99 are two critical proteins that function sequentially to regulate TEM (PECAM upstream of CD99). These proteins partially reside in a novel, intracellular endothelial cell compartment, known as the Lateral Border Recycling Compartment (LBRC), which supplies the migrating leukocyte with unligated proteins to facilitate its movement through the endothelium, in a process called targeted recycling (TR). Blocking PECAM function has been shown to inhibit TR and subsequently prevent TEM. Here we show that TR is able to be initiated in the face of a CD99 block. We hypothesized that CD99 regulates further rounds of LBRC recruitment. Stimuli that also lead to intracellular membrane recruitment such as histamine (and in preliminary experiments, VEGF) selectively overcome CD99 blockade (but not PECAM blockade), in a calcium‐independent manner. A novel paralog of CD99, CD99L2, has been shown to control inflammation in mice. We show that human CD99L2 functions at the same step as CD99. We are currently investigating if CD99L2 also resides in the LBRC and the mechanism behind its function. This research was supported by R21 HL102519, R01 HL046849, and R37 HL064774 to WAM.
Trapping of arsenite by mercaptopropyl-functionalized mesostructured silica with a wormhole framework (2005)

Thiol-functionalized mesostructured silica, prepared by direct assembly methods, is an effective trapping agent for the removal of arsenite from water.
High-Resolution Imaging Ellipsometer (2002)

We report on a novel imaging ellipsometer using a high-numerical-aperture (NA) objective lens capable of measuring a two-dimensional ellipsometric signal with high resolution. Two-dimensional ellipsometric imaging is made possible by spatial filtering at the pupil plane of the objective. A Richards-Wolf vectorial diffraction model and geometrical optics model are developed to simulate the system. The thickness profile of patterned polymethyl methacrylate is measured for calibration purposes. Our instrument has a sensitivity of 5 A and provides spatial resolution of approximately 0.5 µm with 632.8-nm illumination. Its capability of measuring refractive-index variations with high spatial resolution is also demonstrated.
Role of Ki-67, MRE11, and PD-L1 as Predictive Biomarkers for Recurrence Pattern in Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer (2021)

Our selected biomarkers could distinguish MIBC from normal bladder tissue but could not classify samples by recurrence pattern.
‘3+1' Mixed-Ligand Oxotechnetium(V) Complexes with Affinity for Melanoma:  Synthesis and Evaluation in Vitro and in Vivo (2000)

‘3+1' Mixed-ligand [99mTc]oxotechnetium complexes with affinity for melanoma were synthesized in a one-pot reaction. Complexation of technetium-99m with a mixture of N-R(3-azapentane-1,5-dithiol) [R = Me, Pr, Bn, Et2N(CH2)2] and N-(2-dialkylamino)ethanethiol [alkyl = X = Et, Bu, morpholinyl] using Sn2+ as the reducing agent resulted in the formation of ‘3+1' mixed-ligand technetium-99m complexes [TcO(SN(R)S)(SNX2)] in high radiochemical yield (60−98%). In vitro uptake studies in B16 murine melanoma cells indicated a moderate tumor-cell accumulation (40%) of compound 1 [R = Me, X = Et] and a higher accumulation (69%) of compound 2 [R = Me, X = Bu] after a 60-min incubation. In vivo evaluation of compounds 1−6 in the C57Bl6/B16 mouse melanoma model demonstrated tumor localization. Compound 2 displayed the highest accumulation with up to 5% ID/g at 60 min after injection. In vivo, 2 also showed a low blood-pool activity and high melanoma/spleen (4.3) and melanoma/lung (1.9) ratios at 1 h. These results suggest that small technetium-99m complexes could be useful as potential melanoma-imaging agents.
KLOVER: Automatic Test Generation for C and C++ Programs, Using Symbolic Execution (2017)

Fujitsu researchers have developed a methodology to automate testing of industrial-strength embedded software implemented in C or C++. The methodology's core is a program analysis technique called symbolic execution, which the researchers have customized to automate testing. The methodology generates unit-level tests, greatly reducing test generation time and cost while providing excellent test coverage.
Novel nanofiber‐based material for endovascular scaffolds (2014)

Conventional collagen-based heart valves eventually fail because of insufficient replacement of graft material by host tissue. In this study, type I collagen was blended with silk fibroin and the synthetic elastic polymer poly (glycerol-sebacate) (PGS) in varying proportions to create multifunctional electrospun nanofibrous materials tailored for use as endovascular scaffolds such as heart valve replacement. Depending on the blended material the elastic moduli ranged from 2.3 to 5.0 Mpa; tensile stresses ranged from 0.8 to 1.5 Mpa; and strains ranged from 30% to 70%. Electrospun materials with a weight ratio of 4.5:4.5:1 (collagen, fibroin, and PGS) (termed PFC mats) were the most similar to native heart valves. In vitro degradation of PFC mats was 0.01% per week. Endothelial cells adhered to, proliferated, and formed cell-cell junctions on PFC mats. Compared with collagen hydrogels and electrospun collagen mats respectively 220-290% less platelet adhesion was observed for PFC mats. The study demonstrates that PFC material has superior mechanical properties, low degradation, and reduced thrombogenic potential and suggests that further investigation of this biomaterial for cardiovascular applications is warranted.
Presence of Candida cell wall derived polysaccharides in the sera of intensive care unit patients: relation with candidaemia and Candida colonisation (2014)

A combination of mannan and BDG tests could be used to guide pre-emptive therapeutic decisions in ICU patients.
Graphene Field-Effect Transistors Based on Boron–Nitride Dielectrics (2013)

Two-dimensional atomic sheets of graphene represent a new class of nanoscale materials with potential applications in electronics. However, exploiting the intrinsic characteristics of graphene devices has been problematic due to impurities and disorder in the surrounding dielectric and graphene/dielectric interfaces. Recent advancements in fabricating graphene heterostructures by alternately layering graphene with crystalline hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), its insulating isomorph, have led to an order of magnitude improvement in graphene device quality. Here, recent developments in graphene devices utilizing boron-nitride dielectrics are reviewed. Field-effect transistor (FET) characteristics of these systems at high bias are examined. Additionally, existing challenges in material synthesis and fabrication and the potential of graphene/BN heterostructures for novel electronic applications are discussed.
Non-axisymmetric flow measurement study by multielectrode electromagnetic flow meter (2014)

The conventional Electromagnetic flow meters have been used successfully in axisymmetric single phase flows. However, in order to achieve velocity profile measurements in single phase and multiphase flows with non-uniform velocity profiles, a novel Multielectrode Electromagnetic Flow meter (MEFM) has been developed. The work undertaken in the paper demonstrates that a multielectrode electromagnetic flow meter for liquid velocity profile measurement is an instrument that is highly suited for control via a microcontroller.
Mn and Zn doped ZSM‐5 zeolite catalysts (1986)

Abstract Manganese was incorporated into a ZSM‐5 zeolite by a special impregnation method which practically prevented the deposition of the metal ions on the internal surface of the zeolite pores. As a result, the production of light olefins increased sharply while that of aromatics did not significantly change. The double incorporation of Zn (by ion‐exchange) and of Mn (by this impregnation technique) led to catalysts which could produce more aromatics and more light olefins (mainly ethylene and propylene) than the parent ZSM‐5 zeolite.
Sampling Error in Small-bore Sheathless Capillary Electrophoresis/Electrospray-ionization Mass Spectrometry (1996)

Two previously unreported sources of systematic error in electrokinetic injection caused by induced (hydrodynamic) flow in sheathless capillary electrophoresis/electrospray have been characterized for an interface constructed from 5 microns i.d. capillary column(s) with a 2-5 microns i.d. electrospray tip(s). The tip of a sheathless interface is usually exposed to the atmosphere, resulting in evaporation of buffer solvent and inducing flow inside the column; such flow can cause a significant underestimation of injection size for quantitative electrokinetic sampling by as much as 50%. This bias can be eliminated during the injection process by temporarily immersing the tip in buffer solvent. The second source of hydrodynamic flow results from the electrostatic pull exerted by the electrospray process on the buffer, reducing migration times. Reduction in migration times causes an overestimation of sampling volume if there are no electrospray processes during the sampling event. The magnitude of this effect is a complex function of electrophoretic and electrospray parameters and has been measured to be as high as 15% for 5 microns i.d. capillaries. The possible deterioration of electrophoretic resolution caused by these processes is not yet clarified.