gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A vertically integrated bipolar storage cell in 6H silicon carbide for nonvolatile memory applications (1994)

A vertically integrated one transistor memory cell, in which an n-p-n bipolar access transistor is merged with a p-n-p storage capacitor, based on the wide-bandgap semiconductor silicon carbide (SiC), results in a greatly reduced thermal generation rate. Extrapolation of charge recovery data obtained at elevated temperatures suggests a room temperature recovery time of over 10/sup 6/ years.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A System-level Behavioral Detection Framework for Compromised CPS Devices (2019)

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) play a significant role in our critical infrastructure networks from power-distribution to utility networks. The emerging smart-grid concept is a compelling critical CPS infrastructure that relies on two-way communications between smart devices to increase efficiency, enhance reliability, and reduce costs. However, compromised devices in the smart grid poses several security challenges. Consequences of propagating fake data or stealing sensitive smart grid information via compromised devices are costly. Hence, early behavioral detection of compromised devices is critical for protecting the smart grid’s components and data. To address these concerns, in this article, we introduce a novel and configurable system-level framework to identify compromised smart grid devices. The framework combines system and function call tracing techniques with signal processing and statistical analysis to detect compromised devices based on their behavioral characteristics. We measure the efficacy of our framework with a realistic smart grid substation testbed that includes both resource-limited and resource-rich devices. In total, using our framework, we analyze six different types of compromised device scenarios with different resources and attack payloads. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed framework is the first in detecting compromised CPS smart grid devices with system and function-level call tracing techniques. The experimental results reveal an excellent rate for the detection of compromised devices. Specifically, performance metrics include accuracy values between 95% and 99% for the different attack scenarios. Finally, the performance analysis demonstrates that the use of the proposed framework has minimal overhead on the smart grid devices’ computing resources.
Origin of high bandwidth performance of graded-index plastic optical fibers (1997)

Observations in high bandwidth graded-index plastic optical fibers (GI POFs) are reported of strong mode coupling and its characteristic square root-like fiber length dependence of the optical pulse broadening. We have further found that the measured refractive index profile is not parabolic, but consists of two markedly different regions. Analysis of the index profile reveals that strong mode coupling increases the GI POF bandwidth from its profile-determined value of 0.43 GHz to its measured value of 3.0 GHz for 100 m.
Partitioning of CNN Models for Execution on Fog Devices (2018)

Fog Computing has in recent times captured the imagination of industrial and research organizations working on various aspects of connected livelihood and governance of smart cities. Improvements in deep neural networks imply extensive use of such models for analytics and inferencing on large volume of data, including sensor observations, images, speech. A growing need for such inferencing to be run on devices closer to the data sources, i.e. devices which reside at the edge of the network, popularly known as fog devices exists, in order to reduce the upstream network traffic. However, being computationally constrained in nature, executing complex deep inferencing models on such devices has been proved difficult. This has led to several new approaches to partition/distribute the computation and/or data over multiple fog devices. In this paper we propose a novel depth-wise input partitioning scheme for CNN models and experimentally prove that it achieves better performance compared to row/column or grid based schemes.
Pitch frequency generation system in a speech synthesis system (1992)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Norio Higuchi, Seiichi Yamamoto, Toru Shimizu; Pitch frequency generation system in a speech synthesis system. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 August 1992; 92 (2): 1199. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.403981 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
A combined cesium-strontium extraction/recovery process (1996)

A new solvent extraction process for the simultaneous extraction of cesium and strontium from acidic nitrate media is described. This process uses a solvent formulation comprised of 0.05 M di-t-butylcyclohexano-18-crown-6 (DtBuCH18C6), 0.1 M Crown 100{prime} (a proprietary, cesium-selective derivative of dibenzo-18-crown-6), 1.2 M tributyl phosphate (TBP), and 5% (v/v) lauryl nitrile in an isoparaffinic hydrocarbon diluent. Distribution ratios for cesium and strontium from 4 M nitric acid are 4.13 and 3.46, respectively. A benchtop batch countercurrent extraction experiment indicates that >98% of the cesium and strontium initially present in the feed solution can be removed in only four extraction stages. Through proper choice of extraction and strip conditions, extracted cesium and strontium can be recovered either together or individually.
Analysis of Fissure-Filled Emeralds and Rubies by Diffuse Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (2000)

ABSTRACT Although diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) is mainly used for powdered solid samples, it was found to be highly effective for the analysis of certain gemstones. Small amounts of oils and resins used to fill cracks and fissures in substandard (included) emeralds and rubies could be detected. Because of their very low levels, these organic adulterants can be difficult to detect by measurement of the infrared transmittance spectrum. Rubies have a significantly larger “window-of-detection” for organic clarifying agents than do emeralds. In some cases the spectral information was sufficient to identify the oil or polymer resin. Emeralds that were treated over 20 years ago are still easily identified. The position of the emerald or ruby in the sample holder can affect the intensity of C-H and O-H stretching frequencies as well as those brands characteristic to the gemstones.
Software-Defined Radio Equipped With Rapid Modulation Recognition (2010)

Automatic modulation recognition (AMR)-based software-defined radio (SDR) is a research challenge in developing third-generation (3G) and fourth-generation (4G) wireless communications with adaptive modulation capability. However, the existing AMR technology does not satisfy the seamless demodulation requirement of the SDR. A novel design of the AMR method with reduced computational complexity and fast processing speed is needed. This paper describes a discrete likelihood-ratio test (DLRT)-based rapid-estimation approach to identifying the modulation schemes blindly for uninterrupted data demodulation in real time. The statistical performance of the fast AMR associated with its implementation using the SDR is presented.
IP paging service for mobile hosts (2001)

In wireless networks, mobile hosts must update the network with their current location in order to get packets delivered. Paging facilitates efficient power management at the mobile host by allowing the host to update the networkless frequently at the cost of providing the network with only approximate location information. The network determines the exact location of a mobile host through paging before delivering packets destined to the mobile host. In this paper, we propose the concept of paging as an IP service. IP paging enables a common infrastructure and protocol to support the different wireless interfaces such as CDMA, GPRS, wireless LAN, avoiding the duplication of several application layer paging implementations and the inter-operability issues that exists today. We present the design, implementation, and detailed qualitative and quantitative evaluation, using measurements and simulation, of three IP-based paging protocols for mobile hosts.
<i>Pneumocystis carinii</i> Uses a Functional Cdc13 B-Type Cyclin Complex during Its Life Cycle (2000)

Pneumocystis carinii causes severe pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. Recent studies indicate that P. carinii uses a Cdc2 cyclin-dependent kinase to control its proliferation. To further study the regulation of the life cycle of P. carinii, we characterized the P. carinii B-type cyclin termed Cdc13, whose binding to Cdc2 is necessary for kinase activity. Antibodies to B-type cyclins (Cdc13) specifically immunoprecipitated Cdc2/ Cdc13 complexes with associated kinase activity from P. carinii extracts. To clone P. carinii cdc13, degenerate polymerase chain reaction was undertaken using primers generated from amino-acid motifs conserved in fungal Cdc13 proteins. This amplicon was used to obtain full-length genomic and complementary DNA (cDNA) clones. A specific synthetic peptide antibody generated to P. carinii Cdc13 further demonstrated differential Cdc2/Cdc13 activity over the life cycle of P. carinii, with greater activity in cysts compared with trophic forms of the organism. Finally, P. carinii cdc13 cDNA was used to rescue mutant Schizosaccharomyces pombe strains containing temperature-sensitive deficiencies of endogenous Cdc13 activity, thus verifying function of the P. carinii Cdc13 protein. Therefore, P. carinii contains a Cdc13 cyclin, which is variably active over its life cycle and which promotes fungal proliferation.
Fly ash-enhanced aluminum composites for automotive parts. [Reports for October to December, 1997, and January to March, 1998] (1998)

The objectives of this report are to produce and evaluate the use of aluminum ''ashalloys''--metal matrix composites that incorporate coal fly ash--in the commercial manufacture of cast automotive parts. Some highlights of this report are: Results of the team coordination meeting in October included--(1) Determination of casting techniques from the candidates of squeeze, high pressure, low pressure, sand casting, and gravity pour; (2) Selection of the low stress/high stress automotive parts from the candidates of brake rotors, intake manifolds, and engine mounts; (3) Integration of the tasks essential for evaluating the fly ash characteristics and appropriate percentages of cenospheres or precipitator in the parts. Fly ash from two plants of Wisconsin Electric Power Company (WEPCo) was dispatched to the laboratories of JTM and UW-M for screening, characterization, and beneficiation. The fly ash was classified into different size fractions and is being analyzed for chemical composition and microstructure. Currently, fly ash beneficiation is removing the carbon, magnetic fractions, and sulfur. After classification and screening, JTM will deliver the processed fly ash to UW-M. Foundries are providing UW-M with information on the specific alloys needed for parts. Thompson Aluminum sent the base alloy 356 to UW-M where, in turn, small size ingots were prepared with fly ash from WEPCo. UW-M will continue process development and preparation of specific MMC ingots for foundries' parts production. Many of the program tasks are iterative over quarters, but findings considered milestones were: Collection and processing of fly ash; and Predictions on microstructure and alloy composites including type, size, and amount of fly ash for component property requirements.
Transferable Visual Words: Exploiting the Semantics of Anatomical Patterns for Self-supervised Learning (2021)

This paper introduces a new concept called "transferable visual words" (TransVW), aiming to achieve annotation efficiency for deep learning in medical image analysis. Medical imaging--focusing on particular parts of the body for defined clinical purposes--generates images of great similarity in anatomy across patients and yields sophisticated anatomical patterns across images, which are associated with rich semantics about human anatomy and which are natural visual words. We show that these visual words can be automatically harvested according to anatomical consistency via self-discovery, and that the self-discovered visual words can serve as strong yet free supervision signals for deep models to learn semantics-enriched generic image representation via self-supervision (self-classification and self-restoration). Our extensive experiments demonstrate the annotation efficiency of TransVW by offering higher performance and faster convergence with reduced annotation cost in several applications. Our TransVW has several important advantages, including (1) TransVW is a fully autodidactic scheme, which exploits the semantics of visual words for self-supervised learning, requiring no expert annotation; (2) visual word learning is an add-on strategy, which complements existing self-supervised methods, boosting their performance; and (3) the learned image representation is semantics-enriched models, which have proven to be more robust and generalizable, saving annotation efforts for a variety of applications through transfer learning. Our code, pre-trained models, and curated visual words are available at https://github.com/JLiangLab/TransVW.
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 3-substituted carbacephems. (1989)

A series of novel 3-heterocyclothio substituted carbacephems having phenylglycyl side chain have been prepared starting from 3-H carbacephem. The compounds exhibit better chemical stability than the corresponding cephalosporin and strong activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms including Enterococcus faecalis.
Nucleic acid fragmentation on the millisecond timescale using a conventional X-ray rotating anode source: application to protein-DNA footprinting (2001)

Nucleic acid fragmentation (footprinting) by *OH radicals is used often as a tool to probe nucleic acid structure and nucleic acid-protein interactions. This method has proven valuable because it provides structural information with single base pair resolution. Recent developments in the field introduced the 'synchrotron X-ray footprinting' method, which uses a high-flux X-ray source to produce single base pair fragmentation of nucleic acid in tens of milliseconds. We developed a complementary method that utilizes X-rays generated from a conventional rotating anode machine in which nucleic acid footprints can be generated by X-ray exposures as short as 100-300 ms. Our theoretical and experimental studies indicate that efficient cleavage of nucleic acids by X-rays depends upon sample preparation, energy of the X-ray source and the beam intensity. In addition, using this experimental set up, we demonstrated the feasibility of conducting X-ray footprinting to produce protein-DNA protection portraits at sub-second timescales.
Graphene‐Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes for Conducting Polymer Nanocomposites and Their Improved Strain Sensing Properties (2013)

Functionalization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is essential for the dispersion of CNTs in polymer matrices due to their inherence. However, conventional functional groups are insulating in nature, thereby destroying the basic structure of the CNTs and their electrical conductivity due to the harsh and long‐period acid treatments. Hence, a new method of functionalization is essential. In this article, a poly(vinyliedene fluoride) (PVDF) composite comprising graphene wrapped CNTs as a conducting filler is described. A strain‐gauge factor of ≈20 at low strain levels (0.1%) is with a 3 wt% graphene wrapped CNT hybrid in PVDF, which overwhelms conventional metal foil strain gauges as well as functionalized CNT or functionalized graphene based polymer composites for strain sensing. image
Red blood cell-hitchhiking boosts delivery of nanocarriers to chosen organs by orders of magnitude (2018)

Drug delivery by nanocarriers (NCs) has long been stymied by dominant liver uptake and limited target organ deposition, even when NCs are targeted using affinity moieties. Here we report a universal solution: red blood cell (RBC)-hitchhiking (RH), in which NCs adsorbed onto the RBCs transfer from RBCs to the first organ downstream of the intravascular injection. RH improves delivery for a wide range of NCs and even viral vectors. For example, RH injected intravenously increases liposome uptake in the first downstream organ, lungs, by ~40-fold compared with free NCs. Intra-carotid artery injection of RH NCs delivers >10% of the injected NC dose to the brain, ~10× higher than that achieved with affinity moieties. Further, RH works in mice, pigs, and ex vivo human lungs without causing RBC or end-organ toxicities. Thus, RH is a clinically translatable platform technology poised to augment drug delivery in acute lung disease, stroke, and several other diseases.
Model Predictive Control for simultaneous station keeping and momentum management of low-thrust satellites (2015)

We propose a Model Predictive Control (MPC) policy for simultaneous station keeping and momentum management of a low-thrust nadir-pointing satellite in geostationary orbit around the Earth. The satellite is equipped with six electrically powered thrusters and three axisymmetric reaction wheels, which must be coordinated to control the satellite's orbital position and, concurrently, unload the wheels' stored angular momentum. The MPC policy enforces constraints that maintain the satellite in a tight latitude and longitude window and in a tight nadir-pointing attitude configuration, while minimizing the delta-v provided by the thrusters. The MPC policy exploits a prediction model of the environmental disturbance forces in order to significantly reduce the delta-v required for station keeping, and enforces constraints determined by the thruster configuration to select control forces and torques that can be generated by the propulsion system. We present numerical simulations of the control policy in closed-loop with the satellite nonlinear dynamics that validate the performance of the proposed design in terms of thruster usage and constraint enforcement.
Robust low rank dynamic mode decomposition for compressed domain crowd and traffic flow analysis (2016)

In this paper, we develop a dynamic mode decomposition algorithm that is robust to both inlier and outlier noise in the data. One application of our algorithm is the identification of multiple crowd or traffic flows from compressed video streams. Our method uses motion vectors that are readily available in the compressed bitstream, and do not require computationally expensive optical flow. These motion vectors are known to be very noisy, however, our algorithm is able to extract the underlying dynamical systems that define the flows. We formulate a rank regularized dynamic mode decomposition problem with total least squares constraints to estimate the Koopman modes of the motion dynamics. The estimated Koopman modes are then used to analyze the stability of the system and extract steady state and transient flows. We demonstrate the improved performance of our approach compared to state of the art schemes and illustrate it applicability in identifying transient and steady-state flows in real video sequences.
Broadband all-fiber filters for wavelength division multiplexing application (1989)

In-line spectral filters are designed and realized using the tapering technique to provide additional isolation to the demultiplexing fused fiber couplers. The typical performances obtained are less than 1 dB loss with more than 15 dB isolation in a 40 nm range around the desired wavelengths.
Maize Genes Encoding the Small Subunit of ADP- Glucose Pyrophosphorylase (2001)

Plant ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGP) is a heterotetrameric enzyme composed of two large and two small subunits. Here, we report the structures of the maize (Zea mays) genes encoding AGP small subunits of leaf and endosperm. Excluding exon 1, protein-encoding sequences of the two genes are nearly identical. Exon 1 coding sequences, however, possess no similarity. Introns are placed in identical positions and exhibit obvious sequence similarity. Size differences are primarily due to insertions and duplications, hallmarks of transposable element visitation. Comparison of the maize genes with other plant AGP small subunit genes leads to a number of noteworthy inferences concerning the evolution of these genes. The small subunit gene can be divided into two modules. One module, encompassing all coding information except that derived from exon 1, displays striking similarity among all genes. It is surprising that members from eudicots form one group, whereas those from cereals form a second group. This implies that the duplications giving rise to family members occurred at least twice and after the separation of eudicots and monocot cereals. One intron within this module may have had a transposon origin. A different evolutionary history is suggested for exon 1. These sequences define three distinct groups, two of which come from cereal seeds. This distinction likely has functional significance because cereal endosperm AGPs are cytosolic, whereas all other forms appear to be plastid localized. Finally, whereas barley (Hordeum vulgare) reportedly employs only one gene to encode the small subunit of the seed and leaf, maize utilizes the two genes described here.
Active Terahertz Spoof Surface Plasmon Polariton Switch Comprising the Perfect Conductor Metamaterial (2009)

The feasibility of realizing an active terahertz (THz) switch by utilizing artificially corrugated perfect conductor metamaterials is reported in this paper by demonstrating that the strongly localized THz spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) modes can be easily controlled by changing the refractive index of dielectrics inside a longitudinal metallic structure with a periodic array of grooves. Specifically, this paper shows that incorporation of electrooptical material such as a nematic liquid crystal into the plasmonic gap leads to a highly compact and efficient THz switch that is activated by a low-voltage control-signal. The optimal design of the SSPP switch enabled by this novel method shows: 1) a strong subwavelength SSPP localization; 2) relatively high extinction ratio; and 3) small damping attenuation. Furthermore, the design flexibility associated with simple micrometer-scale architecture provides a promising method toward controlling or steering the subwavelength THz signal in the future SSPP-based compact digital circuit.
ChemInform Abstract: Sequential Acetalization‐Pyrolysis of α‐Acetyl Benzalacetones. A Method for the Generation of 6‐Substituted 2‐Acetonaphthones. (1989)

Abstract The benzaldehydes (I) are coupled with acetylacetone (II) to give the diacetylstyrenes (III) which are acetalized with the orthoformate (IV).