gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Living conditions and occurrence of malaria in a rural community. (1991)

Results of a prospective study of the association between environmental factors and malaria occurrence among 1461 individuals in an Indian rural community are reported. A multiplicative model was fitted by relating malaria positivity with different environmental risk factors as categorical variables. The risk of acquiring malaria infections varied significantly within a village stratified by proximity of breeding sources to human dwellings (chi 2 = 19.87, df = 5, p = 0.0000) and different types of houses (chi 2 = 11.32, df = 2, p = 0.0035). People residing in thatched houses with [Relative Risk (RR) = 6.72] and without false ceiling (RR = 11.27) are exposed to greater risk of contracting malaria infections when compared to tiled houses (RR = 1.00). However, malaria infection was not significantly associated with proximity of cattlesheds to human dwellings (chi 2 = 1.54, df = 2, p = 0.46). A significantly high risk was observed in zones where the cattle to man ratio was very low and vice versa (chi 2 = 15.32, df = 6, p = 0.018). These data suggest and corroborate with earlier studies that transmission is a local problem and it varies within a village according to the microepidemiological factors.
Hydroxy‐3‐(hydroxyphenyl)indoles. Relationship between structure and estrogen receptor affinity (1985)

Abstract Syntheses and estrogen receptor affinities of the 1,2‐dialkyl(hydroxy)‐3‐(hydroxyphenyl)indoles 11b–19b are described. Derivatives 15b, 16b with a hydroxy group at position 6 of the indole and an ethyl group at C‐2 show a strong binding affinity with an RBA value of 0.72 (estradiol = 100).
Complement Component C5a Activates ICAM-1 Expression on Human Choroidal Endothelial Cells (2010)

The generation of C5a peptides may lead to activation of choriocapillaris endothelial cells in AMD. Activation of the choroidal endothelium may affect the progression of AMD by recruitment of monocytes, leading to additional sequelae of AMD pathogenesis.
A Novel Multilayered Multidisk Oral Tablet for Chronotherapeutic Drug Delivery (2013)

A Multilayered Multidisk Tablet (MLMDT) comprising two drug-loaded disks enveloped by three drug-free barrier layers was developed for use in chronotherapeutic disorders, employing two model drugs, theophylline and diltiazem HCl. The MLMDT was designed to achieve two pulses of drug release separated by a lag phase. The polymer disk comprised hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) and ethylcellulose (EC) granulated using an aqueous dispersion of EC. The polymeric barrier layers constituted a combination of pectin/Avicel (PBL) (1st barrier layer) and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) (HBL1 and HBL2) as the 2nd and 3rd barrier layers, respectively. Sodium bicarbonate was incorporated into the diltiazem-containing formulation for delayed drug release. Erosion and swelling studies confirmed the manner in which the drug was released with theophylline formulations exhibiting a maximum swelling of 97% and diltiazem containing formulations with a maximum swelling of 119%. FTIR spectra displayed no interactions between drugs and polymers. Molecular mechanics simulations were undertaken to predict the possible orientation of the polymer morphologies most likely affecting the MLMDT performance. The MLMDT provided two pulses of drug release, separated by a lag phase, and additionally it displayed desirable friability, hardness, and uniformity of mass indicating a stable formulation that may be a desirable candidate for chronotherapeutic drug delivery.
Generative Adversarial Networks for Hard Negative Mining in CNN-Based SAR-Optical Image Matching (2018)

In this paper we propose a deep generative framework, based on a generative adversarial network (GAN) and an auto encoder (AE), for generating non-corresponding SAR patches to be used in hard negative mining in situations of limited data quantities. We evaluate the effectiveness of this formulation of hard negative mining for reducing the false positive rate (FPR) and improving network determinability in a SAR-optical patch matching application. Our generative network is trained to generate realistic SAR images using an existing SAR-optical matching dataset. These generated images are then used as non-corresponding, hard negative samples for training a SAR-optical matching network. Our results show that we are able to generate realistic SAR images which exhibit many SAR-like features, such as layover and speckle. We further show that by fine tuning the original matching network using these hard negative samples we are able to improve the overall performance of the original SAR-optical matching network.
Turning up the heat on COVID-19: heat as a therapeutic intervention (2020)

Enveloped viruses such as SAR-CoV-2 are sensitive to heat and are destroyed by temperatures tolerable to humans. All mammals use fever to deal with infections and heat has been used throughout human history in the form of hot springs, saunas, hammams, steam-rooms, sweat-lodges, steam inhalations, hot mud and poultices to prevent and treat respiratory infections and enhance health and wellbeing. This paper reviews the evidence for using heat to treat and prevent viral infections and discusses potential cellular, physiological and psychological mechanisms of action. In the initial phase of infection, heat applied to the upper airways can support the immune system's first line of defence by supporting muco-ciliary clearance and inhibiting or deactivating virions where they first lodge. This may be further enhanced by the inhalation of steam containing essential oils with anti-viral, mucolytic and anxiolytic properties. Heat applied to the whole body can further support the immune system's second line of defence by mimicking fever and activating innate and acquired immune defences and building physiological resilience. Heat-based treatments also offer psychological benefits and enhanced mental wellness by focusing attention on positive action, enhancing relaxation and sleep, inducing 'forced-mindfulness', and invoking the power of positive thinking and 'remembered wellness'. Heat is a cheap, convenient and widely accessible therapeutic modality and while no clinical protocols exist for using heat to treat COVID-19, protocols that draw from traditional practices and consider contraindications, adverse effects and infection control measures could be developed and implemented rapidly and inexpensively on a wide scale. While there are significant challenges in implementing heat-based therapies during the current pandemic, these therapies present an opportunity to integrate natural medicine, conventional medicine and traditional wellness practices, and support the wellbeing of both patients and medical staff, while building community resilience and reducing the likelihood and impact of future pandemics.
Feedback-driven interactive exploration of large multidimensional data supported by visual classifier (2014)

The extraction of relevant and meaningful information from multivariate or high-dimensional data is a challenging problem. One reason for this is that the number of possible representations, which might contain relevant information, grows exponentially with the amount of data dimensions. Also, not all views from a possibly large view space, are potentially relevant to a given analysis task or user. Focus+Context or Semantic Zoom Interfaces can help to some extent to efficiently search for interesting views or data segments, yet they show scalability problems for very large data sets. Accordingly, users are confronted with the problem of identifying interesting views, yet the manual exploration of the entire view space becomes ineffective or even infeasible. While certain quality metrics have been proposed recently to identify potentially interesting views, these often are defined in a heuristic way and do not take into account the application or user context. We introduce a framework for a feedback-driven view exploration, inspired by relevance feedback approaches used in Information Retrieval. Our basic idea is that users iteratively express their notion of interestingness when presented with candidate views. From that expression, a model representing the user's preferences, is trained and used to recommend further interesting view candidates. A decision support system monitors the exploration process and assesses the relevance-driven search process for convergence and stability. We present an instantiation of our framework for exploration of Scatter Plot Spaces based on visual features. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this implementation by a case study on two real-world datasets. We also discuss our framework in light of design alternatives and point out its usefulness for development of user- and context-dependent visual exploration systems.
Efficient Expression in <i>Escherichia coli</i> of Two Species of Human Interferon-α and Their Hybrid Molecules (1985)

A new type of interferon (IFN)-alpha cDNA (IFN-alpha I') was identified in a cDNA library constructed from Namalva cells infected with Sendai virus. The nucleotide sequence of this cDNA showed homology, with the exception of two nucleotides in the coding region, with the previously identified IFN-alpha I gene (Lawn et al., 1981). An expression plasmid which directs the synthesis of the mature IFN-alpha I' peptide was constructed using vectors carrying the lpp/lac promoter and "runaway" replicon. Furthermore, hybrid genes were constructed by in vitro recombination of IFN-alpha I' and IFN-alpha A at a common restriction endonuclease site located at amino acid positions 121-122. While the specific antiviral and anticellular activities of IFN alpha A and IFN-alpha I' on human cells were comparable, the antiviral activity of IFN-alpha I' on mouse cells was 125-fold higher than that of IFN-alpha A. The specific antiviral activities of the hybrid IFNs on human and bovine cells were similar to that of the amino-terminal parental IFN peptide, while the anticellular activities on human cells of the alpha A/alpha I' hybrid were higher and that of the alpha I'/alpha A hybrid were lower than the parental IFN-alpha A and IFN-alpha I'.
Compact 2 × 2 polarization-diversity Si-wire switch (2014)

A polarization-independent 2 × 2 switch based on silicon-wire waveguides has been realized with a compact size of 600 × 500 μm². Polarization-independent operation was achieved with a polarization-diversity technique which implements polarization splitters, TE-TM intersections, and Mach-Zehnder switches. The extinction ratios of the 2 × 2 switch for TE, TM, and a mixed polarization at a wavelength of 1550 nm were measured to be larger than 30 dB, 25 dB, and 30 dB, respectively. The measured switching powers for the TE and TM polarizations were 25 and 55 mW, respectively. The measured polarization-dependent loss was lower than 1 dB. The differential group delay (DGD) between the TE and TM modes was also evaluated using the Mueller matrix method, which was in good agreement with the values estimated from the path lengths for each mode. A path-length-compensated switch was fabricated, whose DGDs for all paths were indeed as small as ~2 ps, mainly from the access waveguides. The switch could provide an important route to develop ultra-compact polarization-independent integrated circuits based on silicon-wire waveguides.
Cigarette Smoking and Urinary 3-Alkyladenine Excretion in Man (1996)

A recently developed technique to measure several 3-alkyladenines (3-alkAde) simultaneously in urine has been applied to study alkylating agent exposure arising from cigarette smoke. A volunteer who was a moderate smoker (10-32 cigarettes per day) excreted significantly more 3-methyladenine (3-MeAde) on days when he smoked than when he did not smoke. In contrast, there was no significant difference in 3-MeAde excretion in a light smoker (less than 17 cigarettes per day) on smoking compared to nonsmoking days. However, in volunteers who consumed a standardized diet low in preformed 3-MeAde, there was a smoking-related increase in 3-MeAde excretion even at low levels of cigarette use (less than 11 cigarettes per day). In the same volunteers, no evidence of smoking-related excretion of 3-(2-hydroxyethyl)adenine could be seen. In contrast, levels of urinary 3-ethyladenine (3-EtAde) increased slightly in smokers on standardized diets. Furthermore, since the normal background level of 3-EtAde was low, an exposure-dependent increase in this adduct was seen in two smokers on freechoice diets over a 15 day period. The agent(s) responsible for the increase in 3-EtAde excretion have not been identified, but preliminary results suggest that a direct-acting ethylating compound is present in tobacco smoke.
Noninvasive measurement of cell volume changes by negative staining (2005)

To maintain the intracellular concentration of ions and small molecules on osmotic challenges, nature has developed highly sophisticated transport systems for regulating water and ion content. An ideal measurement technique for volume changes of cells during osmotic challenges has to fulfil two requirements: it has to be osmotically inert, and it should allow online monitoring of cell volume changes. Here, a simple fluorescence microscopy-based approach is presented. Using fluorescein as a negative stain, it is possible to monitor cell volume changes without affecting the functionality of cell membranes and cell osmolarity. Measurement of Madine-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells after hypo- and hyperosmotic challenges reveals the main advantages of this approach: besides providing precise and reproducible quantitative data on reversible cell volume changes, the viability of the cells can be assessed directly by the appearance of stain in the cytoplasm. This becomes evident especially after hypo-osmotic challenge of glutaraldehyde-treated cells, which become leaky after fixation, followed by a massive volume change. This new approach represents a very sensitive measurement technique for cell volume changes resulting from water or ion flux, and thus seems to be an ideal tool for studying cell volume regulatory processes.
<title>Use of quantitative light-induced fluorescence to monitor tooth whitening</title> (2001)

The changing of tooth shade by whitening agents occurs gradually. Apart from being subjective and affected by the conditions of the surroundings, visual observation cannot detect a very slight change in tooth color. An electronic method, which can communicate the color change quantitatively, would be more reliable. Quantitative Light- induced Fluorescence (QLF) was developed to detect and assess dental caries based on the phenomenon of change of autofluorescence of a tooth by demineralization. However, stains on the tooth surface exhibit the same phenomenon, and therefore QLF can be used to measure the percentage fluorescence change of stained enamel with respect to surrounding unstained enamel. The present study described a technique of assessing the effect of a tooth-whitening agent using QLF. This was demonstrated in two experiments in which either wholly or partially stained teeth were whitened by intermittent immersion in sodium hypochlorite. Following each immersion, the integrated fluorescence change due to the stain was quantified using QLF. In either situation, the value of (Delta) Q decreased linearly as the tooth regained its natural shade. It was concluded that gradual changing of the shade of discolored teeth by a whitening agent could be quantified using QLF.
Long-term follow-up of behavioral treatment for obesity: patterns of weight regain among men and women. (1989)

Maintenance of weight loss continues to be a critical concern in behavioral treatment programs. Problems with the acquisition and/or application of behavioral skills are a likely contributor to relapse. However, biological models, especially the hypothesis of a body weight setpoint, are being offered increasingly as alternative explanations for maintenance failure. Within the context of these sometimes opposing viewpoints the present study describes long-term weight outcomes for 114 men and 38 women assessed annually for 4 or 5 years following completion of a 15 week behavioral weight loss program. Although significant mean weight loss was evident at long-term follow-up, a negatively accelerating pattern of weight regain was the predominant outcome. Less than 3 percent of the subjects were at or below their posttreatment weight on all follow-up visits. Consistent sex differences were found, with women having better weight loss maintenance than men. Implications and potential future directions are discussed.
Towards a big data platform for managing machine generated data in the cloud (2017)

Industry 4.0 proposes the integration of the new generation of ICT solutions for the monitoring, adaptation, simulation, and optimisation of factories. With the democratization of sensors and actuators, factories and machine tools can now be sensorized and the data generated by these devices can be exploited, for instance, to optimize the utilization of the machines as well as their operation and maintenance. However, analysing the vast amount of data generated is resource demanding both in term of computing power and network bandwidth, thus requiring highly scalable solutions. This paper presents a novel big data platform for the management of machine generated data in the cloud. It brings together standard open source technologies which can be adapted to and deployed on different cloud infrastructures, hence reducing costs, minimising deployment difficulty and providing on-demand access to a virtually infinite set of computing, storage and network resources.
Intracavernous Delivery of Synthetic Angiopoietin-1 Protein as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Erectile Dysfunction in the Type II Diabetic <i>db/db</i> Mouse (2010)

Cavernous neovascularization using recombinant Ang1 protein is a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ED resulting from type II diabetes.
A hybrid approach for efficient color gamut mapping (2017)

Ultra High Definition (UHD) and High Definition (HD) Television standard recommendations support different color gamuts with the HD gamut much smaller than that of the UHD one. To adapt UHD content to the restricted gamut of HD televisions, a process known as gamut mapping is required. This gamut mapping projects out-of-gamut colors inside the targeted color gamut. Gamut mapping can be performed in any color space and using different projection methods. In this paper, we present a hybrid gamut mapping approach which selects one combination of color space and projection method for each UHD color representable. The selection is based on the CIE ΔE2000 metric. Results show improvements in terms of CIE ΔE2000 when comparing original and projected colors over existing methods.
Crossbar switch backplane and its application (1989)

A crossbar switch backplane design (bus switch backplane) is described. This backplane holds a maximum of 16 modules and allows simultaneous communications between up to eight pairs of modules. The aggregate data transfer rate on the backplane is 160 Mb/s. The bus switch backplane is an essential part of the Advanced Computer Program (ACP) Multiple Array Processor, a superconductor for site-oriented problems. The first application of this machine is in lattice gauge theory calculations. The bus switch backplane also finds ready application in data acquisition schemes based on the ACP multimicroprocessor system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Automatic Speech Recognition of Human-Symbiotic Robot EMIEW (2007)

We explained noise reduction technique and automatic speech recognition (ASR) under noisy environments. Human symbiotic robot EMIEW succeeded recognition under noisy environment at EXPO 2005 AICHI JAPAN. For high accuracy of ASR under noisy environment, noise reduction technique is necessary. In this chapter, robust noise reduction technique with a microphone array was proposed. Proposed Modified Delay and Sum Beam-Former (MDSBF) can localize sources more accurately than conventional Delay and Sum Beam-Former (DSBF) . A novel adaptation method of Minimum Variance Beam-Former (MVBF) with time-variant coefficient (SBMVBF) is proposed. Performance of ASR with proposed method was shown to be higher than conventional MVBF.
Preparation and comprehensive characterization of a calcium hydroxyapatite reference material (2004)

Numerous biological and chemical studies involve the use of calcium hydroxyapatite (HA), Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2. In this study detailed physicochemical characterization of HA, prepared from an aqueous solution, was carried out employing different methods and techniques: chemical and thermal analyses, x-ray diffraction, infrared and Raman spectroscopies, scanning and transmission microscopies, and Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) surface-area method. The contents of calcium (Ca(2+)), phosphate (PO4 (3-)), hydroxide (OH(-)), hydrogenphosphate (HPO4 (2-)), water (H2O), carbonate (CO3 (2-)), and trace constituents, the Ca/P molar ratio, crystal size and morphology, surface area, unit-cell parameters, crystallinity, and solubility of this HA were determined. This highly pure, homogeneous, and highly crystalline HA is certified as a National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standard reference material, SRM 2910.
شرح مشكلات شعر أبي تمام لأبي حامد احمد بن محمد البشتي الخارزنجي المتوفى سنة 348هـ (2021)

هذا القسم الثالث والأخير من كتاب (شرح مشكلات شعر أبي تمّام) لأبي حامد أحمد بن محمد البشتي الخارزنجي المتوفي سنة (348هـ)، وقد يَسَّر الله لي نشر القسمين الأول والثاني، وأعانني جل شأنه على أن أكمل جمع القسم الثالث منه، وتحقيقه ونشره، وبهذا القسم نكون قد جمعنا ما تيسر لنا من الضائع من هذا الكتاب المهم الذي ذكرته كتب النقد الأدبي القديم وأشارت إلى أهميته في شرح ديوان أبي تمّام وتفسيره. وبهذا نكون قد خدمنا تراثنا العربي المجيد وإحياء الضائع منه على قدر ما تيسَّر لنا وبما يقدم إضافة لدارسي شعر العصر العباسي عامة وشعر أبي تمّام خاصة، ولعلَّ هذا الجهد يفتح أمام الدارسين آفاقاً جديدة في دراسة شروح شعر أبي تمّام وتفسيره. وآخر دعوانا أن الحمد لله ربِّ العالمين أنه نعم المولى ونعم النصير.
Total Synthesis of (−)-Macrolactin A (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTTotal Synthesis of (−)-Macrolactin AAmos B. Smith and Gregory R. OttView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Monell Chemical Senses Center and Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 51, 13095–13096Publication Date (Web):December 25, 1996Publication History Received10 October 1996Published online25 December 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja963543ahttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja963543arapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3856Altmetric-Citations97LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Anions,Lactones,Organic reactions,Redox reactions,Vinyl Get e-Alerts