gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fiber Raman amplification soliton laser (1986)

By synchronously pumping a loop of fiber with ≈10-ps pulses from a mode-locked color center laser, we demonstrated the first Fiber Raman Amplification Soliton Laser (FRASL). The FRASL output pulses are determined by pulse compression and soliton pulse shaping in the fiber and have to date been as short as 240 fs. The lasing wavelength can be time dispersion tuned.1 The single-cavity FRASL is a much simpler configuration than the color center soliton laser,2 which consists of two coupled cavities and requires feedback stabilization to overcome interferometric instabilities.
A New Raman Spectra Analyzer to Measure Isotope Ratios with high Spectral Resolution (2010)

A novel Raman spectral analyzer is presented which measures the concentrations of dilute species with high resolutions (0.3 cm −1 ), high sensitivity (0.1 Pa) within minutes. Examples are: standard mixtures, breathalyzers, and aqueous dissolved gases.
Rapid detection of herpes simplex virus with fluorescein-labeled Helix pomatia lectin (1989)

The use of fluorescein-conjugated Helix pomatia lectin was shown to be as effective as fluorescein-conjugated monoclonal antibody reagents for the detection and differentiation of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) in MRC-5 cell culture. Cells infected with HSV-1 generally displayed a pattern of nongranular or diffuse fluorescence, while cells infected with HSV-2 were identified by the production of fluorescent grains and flecks. This unique nonimmunological reagent, when used in combination with low-speed centrifugation, provides a remarkably specific, sensitive, rapid, and cost-effective means to detect HSV-infected MRC-5 or BHK-21 cells as early as 20 h postinoculation. In contrast to the immunofluorescence method, the serotypes of HSV can be differentiated with only one fluorescein-H. pomatia reagent in MRC-5 cell cultures.
Synthesis of perylene–porphyrin building blocks and rod-like oligomers for light-harvesting applications (2002)

We present the synthesis of four perylene–porphyrin building blocks for use in Glaser, Sonogashira, or Suzuki polymerizations. The building blocks bear synthetic handles (4-ethynylphenyl, 4-iodophenyl, bromo) at the trans (5,15) meso-positions of a zinc porphyrin and contain two or four perylene-monoimide dyes attached at the 3,5-positions of the non-linking meso-aryl rings of the porphyrin. Each perylene-monoimide bears three 4-tert-butylphenoxy substituents (at the 1-, 6-, and 9-positions) and two isopropyl groups (on the N-aryl unit) for increased solubility. In each case the intervening linker is a diarylethyne unit that bridges the N-imide position of the perylene and the meso-position of the porphyrin. The perylene–porphyrin building blocks were prepared by (1) reaction of a diperylene-dipyrromethane with an aldehyde yielding a trans-A2B2-porphyrin, (2) reaction of a diperylene-aldehyde with a dipyrromethane yielding a trans-A2B2-porphyrin, and (3) reaction of a diperylene-dipyrromethane with a dipyrromethane-dicarbinol yielding a trans-AB2C-porphyrin or ABCD-porphyrin. The building blocks were subjected to Glaser, Sonogashira, or Suzuki coupling conditions in an effort to prepare oligomers containing porphyrins joined via 4,4′-diphenylbutadiyne (dpb), 4,4′-diphenylethyne (dpe), or 1,4-phenylene linkers (p), respectively. Each porphyrin in the backbone bears two or four pendant perylene-monoimide dyes. The Glaser and Sonogashira reactions afforded a distribution of oligomers, whereas the Suzuki reaction was unsuccessful. The oligomers were soluble in solvents such as toluene, THF, or CHCl3 enabling routine handling. The use of perylenes results in (1) increased light-harvesting efficiency particularly in the green spectral region where porphyrins are relatively transparent and (2) greater solubility than is achieved with the use of porphyrins alone. The soluble perylene–porphyrin oligomers are attractive for use as light-harvesting materials in molecular-based solar cells.
Strategy for electromagnetic interconnect modeling (2001)

In order to design on-chip interconnect structures in a flexible way, a computer-aided design approach is advocated in three dimensions, describing high-frequency effects such as current redistribution due to the skin effect or eddy currents and the occurrence of slow-wave modes. The electromagnetic environment is described by a scalar electric potential and a magnetic vector potential. These potentials are not uniquely defined and in order to obtain a consistent discretization scheme, a gauge transformation field is introduced. The displacement current is taken into account to describe current redistribution and a small-signal analysis solution scheme is proposed based upon existing techniques for fields in semiconductors.
A novel physiological investigation of the functional residual capacity by the bias flow nitrogen washout technique in infants (2009)

The dynamic functional residual capacity (FRC(dyn)), the lung volume most routinely measured in infants, is an unreliable volume landmark. In addition to the FRC(dyn), we measured the (passive) static FRC (FRC(st)) by inducing a brief post-hyperventilation apnea (PHA) in 33 healthy infants aged 7.4-127.2 weeks. A commercial system for nitrogen (N2) washout to measure FRC, and a custom made system to monitor and record flow and airway opening pressure signals in real-time were used in unison. Infants were manually hyperventilated to induce a PHA. After the last passive expiration, FRC(st) was estimated by measuring the volume of N2 expired after end-passive expiratory switching of the inspired gas from room air to 100% oxygen during the post-expiratory apneic pause. Repeatable intrasubject FRC(st) and FRC(dyn) measurements overlapped in most infants including the younger ones (P = 0.2839). Mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) FRC(st) was 21.1 (20.0-22.3), and error-corrected FRC(dyn) was 21.4 (20.4-22.4) ml/kg. Mean (washout time [t]) tFRC(st) was longer than tFRC(dyn) 60 sec (95% CI 55-65) versus 47 sec (95% CI 43-51) (P < 0.0001). The FRC and washout time were dependent on body length, weight and age. We conclude that the FRC(st) is not different from the FRC(dyn) in infants. The FRC(st) is a reliable volume landmark because the PHA stabilizes the end-expiratory level by potentially abolishing the sedated infant's breathing strategies. The FRC(st) lacks potential sources of errors and disadvantages associated with measuring the FRC(dyn). The findings cast significant doubt on the traditional physiology of air trapping in healthy infants' lungs.
Proliferation-Related Nucleolar Antigens P145 and P120 Associated with Separate Nucleolar Elements and Differences in Tissue Distribution (1989)

Nucleolar antigens p145 and p120 are associated with proliferating cells (Freeman, J.W.; McRorie, D.K.; Busch, R.K.; Gyorkey, P.; Gyorkey, F.; Ross, B.E.; Spohn, W.H.; Busch, H. Cancer Res. 46:3593; 1986 and Freeman, J.W.; Busch, R.K.; Gyorkey, P.; Gyorkey, F.; Ross, B.E.; Busch, H. Cancer Res. 48:1244; 1988) and are not detectable in normal resting cells. Recent immunoelectron microscopic studies (Ochs, R.L.; Reilly, M.T.; Freeman, J.W.; Busch, H. Cancer Res. 48:6523; 1988) suggest that the two antigens have overlapping nucleolar localizations. In this study the nucleolus was physicochemically and biochemically studied to determine whether p145 and p120 were associated with a common nucleolar component. Antigen p145 was associated with 40-80 S ribonucleoprotein particles (RNPs), and the p145 antigen was not detected in HeLa cells following in situ RNAse digestion. P120 was found in a 40-80 S, RNAse resistant complex. Sequential extraction of HeLa nucleoli showed that most of antigen p145 was extractable in 10 mM Tris with 0.2% deoxycholate, whereas p120 was found in a nucleolar residue fraction requiring DNAse and high salt treatment for optimal extraction. Neither antigen p145 nor p120 was detectable in normal resting tissues. Antigen p145 was detected in all proliferating tissues examined, including a variety of malignant tumors (ten of ten), benign tissues including adenomas and hyperplasias (eight of eight), and in normal proliferating cells such as colonic epithelium and spermatogonia of the testes. Antigen p120 was not detected in all tumors, being absent in three of seven lymphomas and in one melanoma examined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
<title>Parallel architecture for the discrete wavelet transform based on the lifting factorization</title> (1999)

One major difficulty in designing an architecture for the parallel implementation of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is that the DWT is not a block transform. As a result, frequent communication has to be set up between processors to exchange data so that correct boundary wavelet coefficients can be computed. The significant communication overhead thus hampers the improvement of the efficiency of parallel systems, specially for processor networks with large communication latencies. In this paper we propose a new technique, called Boundary Postprocessing, that allows the correct transform of boundary samples. The basic idea is to model the DWT as a Finite State Machine based on the lifting factorization of the wavelet filterbanks. Application of this technique leads to a new parallel DWT architecture. Split-and-Merge, which requires data to be communicated only once between neighboring processors for any arbitrary level of wavelet decompositions. Example designs and performance analysis for 1D and 2D DWT show that the proposed technique can greatly reduce the interprocessor communication overhead. As an example, in a two-processor case our proposed approach shows an average speedup of about 30% as compared to best currently available parallel computation.
Reconstitution of p53-ubiquitinylation reactions from purified components: the role of human ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBC4 and E6-associated protein (E6AP). (1995)

The E6 protein of the high-risk human papillomaviruses inactivates the tumor suppressor protein p53 by stimulating its ubiquitinylation and subsequent degradation. Ubiquitinylation is a multistep process involving a ubiquitin-activating enzyme, one of many distinct ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, and in certain cases, a ubiquitin ligase. In human papillomavirus-infected cells, E6 and the E6-associated protein are thought to act as a ubiquitin-protein ligase in the ubiquitinylation of p53. Here we describe the cloning of a human ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme that specifically ubiquitinylates E6-associated protein. Furthermore, we define the biochemical pathway of p53 ubiquitinylation and demonstrate that in vivo inhibition of various components in the pathway leads to an inhibition of E6-stimulated p53 degradation.
Optimized and Miniaturized Conformal Strongly Coupled Magnetic Resonance Systems (2021)

In this work, the performance of Conformal Strongly Coupled Magnetic Resonance (CSCMR) systems is studied to achieve optimal Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) efficiency and footprint miniaturization. A traditional CSCMR system from previous work is used to benchmark the performance of the proposed systems. The simulation and measured results demonstrate that by increasing the widths of the Transmitting (TX) and Receiving (RX) resonator loops and reducing source/load loops (while keeping the same overall dimensions) significant miniaturization is achieved. Also, the inner radius of source/load loops is optimized for higher efficiency depending on the resonant frequency of the CSCMR system.
Flat-panel-detector-based cone-beam CT imaging: preliminary system evaluation (2004)

The purpose of this study was to perform a preliminary evaluation of a newly constructed s flat panel detector (FPD)-based system for cone beam CT imaging applications. A prototype flat-panel detector-based cone beam CT imaging system has been designed and constructed by modifying a GE HiSpeed Advantage CT scanner. The prototype consisted of a modified GE CT HiSpeed Advantage CT gantry, an x-ray tube, an 19.5 x 24.4 cm Varian Paxscan 2520 real time flat-panel detector mounted on the gantry, a CT table and an on-gantry PC to control image acquisition. Another PC workstation serving as an operating console controlled the CT gantry and CT table, and sent trigger pulses to dedicated electronic interface modules to control radiographic exposure and to initiate data acquisition. Captured image data sets were first stored in an on-gantry computer and then downloaded from the on-gantry PC to the operating console for high-speed 3D image reconstruction. During data acquisition, the x-ray tube and the FPD can be rotated on the gantry over Nx360 degrees due to integrated slip ring technology. With a single scan, this device was able to acquire up to 288 two-dimensional projections (960 x 768 x 16 bits) for direct 3D reconstruction within 9.6 seconds. This system was used for a series of preliminary phantom studies. Using the continuous scan mode of the scanner, 288 projections were acquired for all volume scans. Direct 3D reconstructions were obtained to evaluate the system for cone beam CT for lung imaging applications. The preliminary results indicate that the newly built flat panel detector-based cone beam CT scanner worked as expected.
Complete HLA‐A DNA typing using the PCR‐RFLP method combined with allele group‐ and sequence‐specific amplification (1997)

We have established a practical method of complete high-resolution typing for all HLA-A alleles using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) technique combined with allele group- and sequence-specific amplification. The second and third exons of the HLA-A gene, in which most allelic variations are observed, were separately amplified by PCRs with 3 and 4 group-specific primer pairs, respectively. Each PCR-amplified product was digested by allele-specific restriction endonucleases and then subjected to electrophoresis on a 10% polyacrylamide gel. In this way, 62 out of 79 HLA-A alleles could be discriminated by the RFLP patterns derived from the genetic polymorphism in the exon 2 and 3 domains. The remaining 17 alleles could be defined unequivocally by either PCR-RFLP analysis after exon 4 amplification or PCR analysis with sequence-specific primers (SSP). By this method, complete HELA-A genotyping for all homozygous and heterozygous combinations can be accomplished, establishing technically simple, economical and practical routine typing of the HLA-A gene, especially for small samples.
114 Development of a Highly Accurate Rigid Body Property Identification System (2010)

This article proposes a new experimental procedure that achieves accurate measurements of rigid body properties in approximately 60 seconds. The experimenter intervenes only in placing the test structure onto a softly suspended platform. The platform is equipped with simple unbalance actuators, which simultaneously excite the structure, and with accelerometers, which measure the vibration response. The rigid body properties of a given test structure can be determined by fitting a theoretical model of the acceleration response to the measured response data.
A new system for locating leaks in urban water distribution pipes (2006)

Purpose To introduce a new, low‐cost and easy‐to‐use leak detection system to help water utilities improve their effectiveness in locating leaks. The paper also presents an overview of leakage management strategies including acoustic and other leak detection techniques. Design/methodology/approach The design approach was based on the use personal computers as a platform and enhanced signal processing algorithms. This eliminated the need for a major component of the usual hardware of leak pinpointing correlators which reduced the system's cost; made it easy to use, and improved the effectiveness of locating leaks in all types of pipes. Findings Effectiveness of the new leak detection system for pinpointing leaks was demonstrated using real world examples. The system has promising potential for all water utilities, including small and medium‐sized ones and utilities in developing countries. Practical implications The leak detection system presented in the paper will help all water utilities, including small and medium‐sized ones and utilities in developing countries, to save water by dramatically improving their effectiveness in locating leaks in all types of pipes. Originality/value The paper presents information about a new effective system for locating leaks in water distribution pipes. Effective leak detection tools are needed by water utilities worldwide.
Matrix metalloproteinase 12 overexpression in myeloid lineage cells plays a key role in modulating myelopoiesis, immune suppression, and lung tumorigenesis (2011)

Matrix metalloproteinase 12 (MMP12) is a macrophage-secreting proteinase. To fully understand the function of MMP12 in myeloid lineage cells, a myeloid-specific c-fms-rtTA/(TetO)₇-CMV-MMP12 bitransgenic mouse model was created. In this bitransgenic system, induction of MMP12 abnormally elevated frequencies and numbers of common myeloid progenitor (CMP) and granulocyte/macrophage progenitor (GMP) populations, and decreased the frequency and number of the megakaryocyte/erythrocyte progenitor (MEP) population in the bone marrow (BM). The CD11b(+)/Gr-1(+) immature cell population was systemically increased in multiple organs. Both in vitro and in vivo studies showed an immunosuppressive function on T-cell proliferation and function by CD11b(+)/Gr-1(+) immature cells from MMP12-overexpressing bitransgenic mice. MMP12 directly stimulated lineage-negative (Lin⁻) progenitor cells to differentiate into CD11b(+)/Gr-1(+) immature cells that showed immunosuppression on T-cell proliferation and function in vitro. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) were increased. In the lung, the concentration of IL-6 was increased, which aberrantly activated oncogenic Stat3 and increased expression of Stat3 downstream genes in epithelial tumor progenitor cells. Spontaneous emphysema and lung adenocarcinoma were sequentially developed after MMP12 overexpression. BM chimeras confirmed that the MMP12-induced myeloid cell autonomous defect led to abnormal myelopoiesis, immune suppression, and lung adenocarcinoma.
A Nonlinear State Space Model for the Blood Glucose Metabolism of a Diabetic (Ein nichtlineares Zustandsraummodell für den Blutglukosemetabolismus eines Diabetikers) (2002)

The blood glucose metabolism of a diabetic is a complex nonlinear process closely linked to a number of internal factors which are not easily accessible to measurement. Based on accessible information – such as occasional blood glucose measurements and information about food intake and physical exercise – the system appears highly stochastic and the quantity of main interest, the blood glucose concentration, is very difficult to model and to predict. In this paper we describe a stochastic nonlinear state space model for modeling the blood glucose concentration of a diabetic patient. The model structure is based on physiological prior knowledge and the main nonlinearities are modeled using artificial neural networks. Offline training of the model is performed using a newly developed Monte-Carlo generalized EM (expectation maximization) algorithm. Online prediction is performed using particle filters. Our experimental results show that our approach provides better prediction results than a number of competing approaches.
JFET (Junction Field Effect Transistor) Current Source with High Power Supply Rejection. (1987)

Abstract : A JFET current source compensates for variations in the voltage supply to maintain a constant current level at its output terminal. Series connected diodes are used as voltage dividers in conjunction with a second JFET to establish the gate voltage of a third JFET that is connected in series with the first JFET. The constant current output is taken at the drain electrode of the third JFET.
Various Properties of a New Low-irritative Adhesive Tape to the Skin (2000)

A new low-irritative adhesive tape(SKINERGATE^<TM>)was developed by coating an elastic and permeable film with a low-adhesive and permeable pressure sensitive adhesive. The various properties of SKINERGATE^<TM> to the skin were compared with them of an electrical vinyl tape and a general-purpose surgical tape by the conformability testing of tapes to the extending skin and the peeling testing from the skin. SKINERGATE^<TM> showed better conformity to the skin both in MD and TD directions, as the skin was expected, compared with other tapes. Moisture did not accumulate at the skin-adhesive interface of SKINERGATE^<TM> and its low dermal peeling force was continued for 24 hours. Furthermore, the amount of stripped corneocytes on the removed tape was remarkably little. As mentioned above, SKINERGATE^<TM> is considered to be a low-irritative adhesive tape because of the decrease of the four dermal irritative factors.
Real-time characterization of individual aerosol particles using time-of-flight mass spectrometry (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReal-time characterization of individual aerosol particles using time-of-flight mass spectrometryKimberly A. Prather, Trent. Nordmeyer, and Kimberly. SaltCite this: Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 9, 1403–1407Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00081a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00081a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1384Altmetric-Citations254LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Grouping Separated Frequency Components by Estimating Propagation Model Parameters in Frequency-Domain Blind Source Separation (2007)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> This paper proposes a new formulation and optimization procedure for grouping frequency components in frequency-domain blind source separation (BSS). We adopt two separation techniques, independent component analysis (ICA) and time–frequency (T–F) masking, for the frequency-domain BSS. With ICA, grouping the frequency components corresponds to aligning the permutation ambiguity of the ICA solution in each frequency bin. With T–F masking, grouping the frequency components corresponds to classifying sensor observations in the time–frequency domain for individual sources. The grouping procedure is based on estimating anechoic propagation model parameters by analyzing ICA results or sensor observations. More specifically, the time delays of arrival and attenuations from a source to all sensors are estimated for each source. The focus of this paper includes the applicability of the proposed procedure for a situation with wide sensor spacing where spatial aliasing may occur. Experimental results show that the proposed procedure effectively separates two or three sources with several sensor configurations in a real room, as long as the room reverberation is moderately low. </para>