gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Triterpenoid acids isolated from Schinus terebinthifolia fruits reduce Staphylococcus aureus virulence and abate dermonecrosis (2020)

Staphylococcus aureus relies on quorum sensing to exert virulence to establish and maintain infection. Prior research demonstrated the potent quorum sensing inhibition effects of "430D-F5", a refined extract derived from the fruits of Schinus terebinthifolia, a medicinal plant used for the traditional treatment of skin and soft tissue infections. We report the isolation and identification of three compounds from 430D-F5 that reduce virulence and abate dermonecrosis: 3-oxo-olean-12-en-28-oic acid (1), 3-oxotirucalla-7,24Z-dien-26-oic acid (2) and 3α-hydroxytirucalla-7,24 Z-dien-27-oic acid (3). Each compound inhibits all S. aureus accessory gene regulator (agr) alleles (IC<sub>50</sub> 2-70 μM). Dose-dependent responses were also observed in agr-regulated reporters for leucocidin A (lukA, IC<sub>50</sub> 0.4-25 μM) and glycerol ester hydrolase or lipase (gehB, IC<sub>50</sub> 1.5-25 μM). Surprisingly, dose-dependent activity against the nuclease reporter (nuc), which is under the control of the sae two-component system, was also observed (IC<sub>50</sub> 0.4-12.5 μM). Compounds 1-3 exhibited little to no effect on the agr-independent mgrA P2 reporter (a constitutive promoter from the mgrA two-component system) and the esxA reporter (under control of mgrA). Compounds 1-3 inhibited δ-toxin production in vitro and reduced dermonecrosis in a murine in vivo model. This is the first report of triterpenoid acids with potent anti-virulence effects against S. aureus.
Improved electrical and thermal performances in nanostructured GaN devices (2016)

Electrical and thermal performances were enhanced for AlGaN/GaN Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) using a nanostructured anode technology. The fabricated SBDs presented small turn-on voltage of 0.95 V, large output current density over 1 A/mm, low reverse leakage current below 1 nA/mm and diminished self-heating. Additionally, the nanostructured electrode greatly reduced the thermal resistance of the device by about 50% and hence improved the thermal performance of GaN SBDs as well as transistors. Furthermore, geometry of the nanostructured electrode had a large impact on device performance, which was presented and analyzed in this work.
Parotid gland biopsy compared with labial biopsy in the diagnosis of patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome (2006)

A parotid biopsy has a diagnostic potential comparable with that of a labial biopsy in the diagnosis of pSS, and may be associated with less morbidity.
Budesonide foam versus budesonide enema in active ulcerative proctitis and proctosigmoiditis (2005)

Budesonide foam is as effective as budesonide enema in the treatment of active ulcerative proctitis or proctosigmoiditis. Both budesonide formulations are safe, and most patients prefer foam.
Catalytic Mismatching of CuInSe<sub>2</sub> and Ni<sub>3</sub>Al Demonstrates Selective Photoelectrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction to Methanol (2020)

Photoelectrochemical catalysts are often plagued by ineffective interfacial charge transfer or nonideal optical conversion properties. To overcome this challenge, strategically pairing a catalytically inactive, optically proficient semiconductor with a selective electrocatalyst, coined “catalytic mismatching”, is suggested. Here, chalcopyrite semiconductor CuInSe2 is paired with the electrocatalyst Ni3Al to selectively reduce CO2. This catalytically mismatched system produces methanol at a Faradaic efficiency 25 times greater than that achieved using the purely electrochemical Ni3Al system while reducing the operating potential requirement by 600 mV. These results suggest that catalytic mismatching is a promising tactic to achieve reaction selectivity in synergistic photoelectrochemical CO2 reduction systems.
Decoder-side macroblock information derivation for efficient multiview video plus depth map coding (2011)

This paper proposes a novel method that utilizes inter-view correlation in order to reduce the bitrate required to represent the prediction mode including the intra prediction direction, the motion vectors, the reference picture indexes, and the sub-block partitioning. The proposed method derives these kinds of macroblock (MB) information at the decoder side by comparing each image signal predictor with the view synthesis pictures. To accurately evaluate the predictors, we also propose a measure that minimizes the impact of errors in the depth information and view-dependent image signals. Experiments show that the proposed method reduces the bitrate by up to 25% relative to the international multiview video coding standard, and about 20% relative to the conventional view synthesis prediction method.
Acidic tripeptidyl aminopeptidase in rat liver tritosomes: partial purification and determination of its primary substrate specificity. (1992)

We have found the enrichment in rat liver tritosomes of an enzyme which hydrolyzed the synthetic substrate, Ala-Ala-Phe-pNA, under acidic conditions. The enzyme cleaved the substrate in an exopeptidolytic manner, releasing Ala-Ala-Phe. The enzyme was solubilized from tritosomes and partially purified. Beside Ala-Ala-Phe-pNA, the obtained enzyme was shown to cleave angiotensin III (Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe) and des-1Tyr-dynorphin A 1-8 (Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ile) with tripeptide units. The results obtained suggested that the enzyme preferred an aromatic amino acid at the third position of a substrate peptide.
The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS): Conceptual and Theoretical Foundations (1989)

The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) was the first instrument developed in order to provide for comprehensive assessment of negative symptoms in schizophrenia (Andreasen, 1982, 1983). It consists of five scales that evaluate five different aspects of negative symptoms: alogia, affective blunting, avolition-apathy, anhedonia-asociality, and attentional impairment. Each of these negative symptoms can be rated globally, but in addition detailed observations are made in order to achieve the global rating. It is complemented by a Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS), which permits detailed evaluation and global ratings of hallucinations, delusions, positive formal thought disorder and bizarre behaviour (Andreasen, 1984). Taken together, the two scales provide a comprehensive set of rating scales in order to measure the symptoms of schizophrenia and to assess their change over time.
Mechanism of autoimmune hemolytic anemia in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (1993)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a malignant clonal expansion of CD5+B lymphocytes. The CD5+B lymphocytes have been postulated to produce autoantibodies. CLL patients may demonstrate features of autoimmunity including autoimmune hemolytic anemia. However, the origin of the autoantibodies causing the hemolysis is not clear. The present studies were performed to determine whether these autoantibodies are the products of the neoplastic B-CLL clones. Immunoglobulins (Ig) were eluted from washed red blood cells (RBC) obtained from two CLL patients at the time they had autoimmune (DAT-direct antiglobulin test-positive) hemolytic anemia. The light chain phenotypes of these eluted autoantibodies were determined and found to be monotypic with exact correlation to the light chain expressed on the surface of the B-CLL clones. Elutions from RBC of DAT negative patients or normal volunteers failed to demonstrate measurable amounts of Ig. In contrast, Ig eluted from RBC obtained from SLE patients with DAT positive hemolytic anemia found to be polyclonal autoantibodies exhibiting both light chain types. Furthermore, CD5+B lymphocytes obtained from the same two CLL patients (DAT+) produce, in vitro understimulation with phorbal myristate acetate (PMA), monoclonal antibodies which react and bind to RBC. Thus these studies provide direct evidence demonstrating that the antibodies causing the autoimmune hemolytic anemia in our two CLL patients are the products of the B-CLL neoplastic clones.
Residual Life Indicator for Physical Adsorption Capacity of NBC Filters. Part 1. Acetone Vapor Pulses and the Effect of Moisture Content on Retention Characteristics (2008)

Currently, no method exists to indicate when chemical biological radiological nuclear (CBRN) filters no longer have the capacity to protect the warfighter in the event of a toxic chemical release. The three factors responsible for CBRN filter failure are losses of mechanical integrity, physical adsorption capacity, and of reactive capacity. In this report, data are collected to support the development of a residual life indicator for the remaining physical capacity of a CBRN filter using acetone as a pulsed chemical tracer. Specific areas of focus include relationships between elution characteristics, relative humidity, pre-adsorbed moisture, and pre-adsorbed organic contaminants.
AutoScore: A Machine Learning–Based Automatic Clinical Score Generator and Its Application to Mortality Prediction Using Electronic Health Records (2020)

We developed an easy-to-use, machine learning-based automatic clinical score generator, AutoScore; systematically presented its structure; and demonstrated its superiority (predictive performance and interpretability) over other conventional methods using a benchmark database. AutoScore will emerge as a potential scoring tool in various medical applications.
Raf Kinase Inhibitor RKIP Inhibits MDA-9/Syntenin-Mediated Metastasis in Melanoma (2012)

Melanoma differentiation associated gene-9 (MDA-9), also known as syntenin, functions as a positive regulator of melanoma progression and metastasis. In contrast, the Raf kinase inhibitor, RKIP, a negative modulator of RAF-stimulated MEKK activation, is strongly downregulated in metastatic melanoma cells. In this study, we explored a hypothesized inverse relationship between MDA-9 and RKIP in melanoma. Tumor array and cell line analyses confirmed an inverse relationship between expression of MDA-9 and RKIP during melanoma progression. We found that MDA-9 transcriptionally downregulated RKIP in support of a suggested cross-talk between these two proteins. Furthermore, MDA-9 and RKIP physically interacted in a manner that correlated with a suppression of FAK and c-Src phosphorylation, crucial steps necessary for MDA-9 to promote FAK/c-Src complex formation and initiate signaling cascades that drive the MDA-9-mediated metastatic phenotype. Finally, ectopic RKIP expression in melanoma cells overrode MDA-9-mediated signaling, inhibiting cell invasion, anchorage-independent growth, and in vivo dissemination of tumor cells. Taken together, these findings establish RKIP as an inhibitor of MDA-9-dependent melanoma metastasis, with potential implications for targeting this process therapeutically.
Melon-Powdery Mildew Interactions Reveal Variation in Melon Cultigens and Podosphaera xanthii Races 1 and 2 (2006)

Powdery mildew is a serious disease of melon ( Cucumis melo L.) worldwide. Twenty-two melon cultigens have been used to define 22 reported races of the pathogen Podosphaera xanthii (sect. Sphaerotheca ) xanthii (Castag.) U. Braun & N. Shish. Comb. nov. [syn. Sphaerotheca fuliginea (Schlecht. ex Fr.) Poll.]. Discrepancies in the reactions of eight cultigens to populations of P. xanthii races 1 and 2 in California, Japan, and Spain revealed genetic differences among them that can be used to differentiate P. xanthii race 1 and 2 populations in these countries. Implicit in these results is the existence of previously unknown virulence factors in these populations of P. xanthii races 1 and 2 that permit designation of new races of P. xanthii on melon. Synthesis of these results with previous reports resulted in the identification of 28 putative races of P. xanthii on melon that include eight variants of race 1 and six variants of race 2. Six of the cultigens exhibited resistant blisters in response to heavy infection by P. xanthii in field and greenhouse tests.
SEER: Metropolitan-Scale Traffic Perception Based on Lossy Sensory Data (2009)

Intelligent transportation systems have become increasingly important for the public transportation in Shanghai. In response, Shanghai Grid (SG) aims to provide abundant intelligent transportation services to improve the traffic condition. A challenging service in SG is to estimate the real-time traffic condition on surface streets. In this paper, we present an innovative approach SEER to tackle this problem. In SEER, we deploy a cost-effective system of taxi traffic sensors. These taxi sensory data are found to be noisy and very lossy in both time and space. By intensively mining the spatio-temporal correlations along with the evolution of traffic condition, SEER provides wealthy knowledge to setup statistical models for inferring traffic condition when they cannot be directly calculated. As an example, we demonstrate utilizing multichannel singular spectrum analysis (MSSA) to iteratively produce estimates of traffic condition in a metropolitan scale. The optimal window width of MSSA is determined with the basic periodicity found in traffic condition. Moreover, we minimize the number of channels required by MSSA to estimate traffic condition at any location. Given a desired estimation granularity, we optimize the MSSA parameters to minimize the estimation error.
To Bundle Adjust or Not: A Comparison of Relative Geolocation Correction Strategies for Satellite Multi-View Stereo (2019)

The generation of up-to-date accurate 3D models from multi-view satellite images has recently become a hot research topic. A well-known challenge of this problem is to put all cameras into a common frame of reference, since depending on the satellite geopositioning equipment the camera parameters may contain errors of up to tens of meters on the ground. In this context, bundle adjustment based techniques, relying on the identification of a set of tie-points and the correction of the camera models to make them coincident, have become a generally accepted practice. However, new approaches capable of producing state-of-the-art results without the use of prior bundle adjustment have also been proposed. This work aims to compare both strategies and assess the practical impact of using bundle adjustment for 3D reconstruction from multi-view satellite images.
KDM4A Coactivates E2F1 to Regulate the PDK-Dependent Metabolic Switch between Mitochondrial Oxidation and Glycolysis (2016)

The histone lysine demethylase KDM4A/JMJD2A has been implicated in prostate carcinogenesis through its role in transcriptional regulation. Here, we describe KDM4A as a E2F1 coactivator and demonstrate a functional role for the E2F1-KDM4A complex in the control of tumor metabolism. KDM4A associates with E2F1 on target gene promoters and enhances E2F1 chromatin binding and transcriptional activity, thereby modulating the transcriptional profile essential for cancer cell proliferation and survival. The pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs) PDK1 and PDK3 are direct targets of KDM4A and E2F1 and modulate the switch between glycolytic metabolism and mitochondrial oxidation. Downregulation of KDM4A leads to elevated activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase and mitochondrial oxidation, resulting in excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species. The altered metabolic phenotypes can be partially rescued by ectopic expression of PDK1 and PDK3, indicating a KDM4A-dependent tumor metabolic regulation via PDK. Our results suggest that KDM4A is a key regulator of tumor metabolism and a potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer.
A Novel Approach To Acoustic Echo Cancellation (2008)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2008
Accurate calculations of the forward drop and power dissipation in thyristors (1978)

Four-layer power thyristors are analyzed using exact numerical solutions of the full set of semiconductor device equations together with the heat-flow equation. Included in the analysis are the physical mechanisms of carrier-carrier scattering, Auger and SRH recombination, and band-gap narrowing. The experimental current-voltage curves for three-thyristor structures are compared with the theoretical predictions and are shown to be in good agreement. The limiting effects on device behavior of the physical mechanisms noted above, including heat-sink thermal impedance, are investigated over the range of device operating conditions. The distribution of power dissipation throughout the device is shown and compared with the distribution of recombination in the device. The theory of calculating power dissipation in a semiconductor is also discussed.
An equalization technique for OFDM and MC-CDMA in a time-varying multipath fading channels (1997)

In this paper, an equalization technique for OFDM and MC-CDMA systems in a time-varying multipath fading environment is described. A loss of subchannel orthogonality due to time-variation of multipath channels leads to interchannel interference (ICI) which increases the error floor in proportion to Doppler frequency. A simple frequency domain equalizer which can compensate the effect of time-variation in a multipath fading channel is proposed by taking into account only the ICI terms significantly affecting the error performance and by modifying the previous frequency-domain equalization techniques. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated via computer simulation by applying it to OFDM system when the multipath fading channel is time-varying.
Model Identification and Trajectory Tracking Control for Vector Propulsion Unmanned Surface Vehicles (2019)

To promote the development of military and civilian applications for marine technology, more and more scientific research around the world has begun to develop unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) technology with advanced control capabilities. This paper establishes and identifies the model of vector propulsion USV, which is widely used at present. After analyzing its actuator distribution, we consider that the more realistic vessel model should be an incomplete underactuated system. For this system, a virtual control point method is adopted and an adaptive sliding mode trajectory tracking controller with neural network minimum learning parameter (NNMLP) theory is designed. Finally, in the simulation experiment, the thruster speed and propulsion angle are used as the inputs of the controller, and the linear and circular trajectory tracking tests are carried out considering the delay effect of the actuator, system uncertainty, and external disturbance. The results show that the proposed tracking control framework is reasonable.
Reference Values for Automated Cytochemical Differential Count of Leukocytes in Children 0 — 16 Years Old: Comparison with Manually Obtained Counts from Wright-Stained Smears (1985)

Reference values for the differential leukocyte count using an automated cytochemical method (Hemalog D) were determined in 1216 healthy children aged 0-16 years. Log-normal distributions for the absolute counts of all the separate cell types and for the total leukocyte counts were determined. For the relative values, a log-normal distribution for the eosinophils and basophils was also established. The Hemalog D gives narrower limits compared with the manual count, but the differences between the two methods are smaller than expected. It appears that the lower limit of the separate cell types is not zero.
The site of an immune-selected point mutation in the transmembrane protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 does not constitute the neutralization epitope (1990)

We previously reported the in vitro generation of a neutralization-resistant variant of the molecularly cloned isolate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), HXB2D. The molecular basis for the resistance was shown to be a point mutation in the env gene, causing the substitution of threonine for alanine at position 582 of gp41. Here, we show the variant to be resistant to syncytium inhibition as well as to neutralization by the immune-selecting serum. Moreover, 30% of HIV-positive human sera able to neutralize the parental virus have significantly decreased ability to neutralize the variant. As the A-to-T substitution thus has general relevance to the interaction of HIV-1 with the host immune system, we investigated further the biologic and immunologic bases for the altered properties. Synthetic peptides corresponding to the 582 region failed to compete in infectivity, neutralization, or syncytium inhibition assays and did not elicit neutralizing antibodies. Furthermore, human antibodies, affinity purified on synthetic peptide resins, bound to gp41 and peptides from the 582 region but did not possess neutralizing antibody activity. Some viral constructs in which the AVERY sequence in the 582 region was altered by site-directed mutagenesis were not infectious, indicating that the primary structure in this region is crucial for viral infectivity. Constructs predicted to possess a local secondary structure similar to that of the variant nevertheless behaved like the parental virus and remained neutralization sensitive. These results suggest that the requirements for neutralization resistance in this region are very precise. Our results with synthetic peptides show that the 582 region does not by itself constitute a neutralization epitope. Moreover, the degree of flexibility in amino acid substitution which allows maintenance of neutralization sensitivity suggests that position 582 does not form part of a noncontiguous neutralization epitope. The basis for neutralization resistance of the immune-selected variant is more likely a conformational change altering a neutralization epitope at a distant site.
An empirical approach to smartphone energy level prediction (2011)

We conduct a large-scale user study to measure the energy consumption characteristics of 20,100 BlackBerry smartphone users. Our dataset is several orders of magnitude larger than any previous work. We use this dataset to build the Energy Emulation Toolkit (EET) that allows developers to evaluate the energy consumption requirements of their applications against real users' energy traces. The EET computes the successful execution rate of energy-intensive applications across all users, specific devices, and specific smartphone user types. We also consider active adaptation to energy constraints. By classifying smartphone users based on their charging characteristics we demonstrate that energy level can be predicted within 72% accuracy a full day in advance, and through an Energy Management Oracle energy intensive applications can adapt their execution to achieve a near optimal successful execution rate.
Humidity sensing by nanocomposites of silver in silicate glass ceramics (2003)

Silver nanoparticles of diameters in the range 3.4 to 13.2 nm were grown within a silicate glass ceramics containing barium titanate phase. The glass ceramics were filled with silver particles by subjecting the former to a Na+–Ag+ ion exchange process followed by a reduction treatment in hydrogen. Silver particles were formed at the interfaces of the silicate glass and the barium titanate phases, respectively. The silver particle sizes could be varied by controlling the fractal structure of the crystalline phase by prior heat treatment. Electrical resistivity measurements were carried out on cold-pressed specimens of nanocomposite powders prepared as just stated. A five order of magnitude resistivity change was recorded in the case of nanocomposite specimen with a silver particle diameter of 10.1 nm in the relative humidity range of 25% to 85%. The resistivity of the nanocomposites was found to be controlled by a variable range hopping conduction. It is believed that the silver nanoparticles provide sites where physisorption of water molecules takes place which increases the number of localized states near the Fermi level.