gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new sense amplifier technique for VLSI dynamic RAM's (1981)

A new sense amplifier technique is introduced and discussed. For obtaining higher sensitivity, the sense amplifier compensates the threshold voltage difference between the cross-coupled driver transistors. In contrast to conventional sense amplifiers, the sensitivity can be improved markedly. In accordance with a theoretical analysis, experimental verification is obtained by measuring a test device, fabricated with MoSi2 gate technology. The new sense amplifier technique appears to be essential to VLSI dynamic RAM development.
Conversion of amino acids into aroma compounds by cell-free extracts of Lactobacillus helveticus (2001)

Lactobacillus helveticus intracellular enzymes could significantly contribute to the production of aroma compounds from amino acid catabolism.
Electrical Transport in Nanoparticle Thin Films of Gold and Indium Tin Oxide (2003)

Electrical transport properties of nanoparticle gold films made by the gas evaporation method were analysed using resistivity measurements. Low temperature electrical transport measurements showed a cross-over from a temperature range dominated by inelastic scattering to a temperature range dominated by elastic scattering, presumably by grain boundaries. This cross-over shifted towards lower temperatures with increasing grain size. High temperature in-situ electrical transport measurements were carried out in isothermal annealing experiments. Four types of samples, prepared at different deposition rates, were analysed. Samples prepared at low deposition rate displayed a higher thermal stability than samples prepared at high deposition rate. A relaxation model was fitted to the in-situ electrical transport data. The model included an activation energy, which was found to increase with increasing annealing temperature for all samples, thus pointing at the presence of pinning mechanisms in the samples. Optical properties of nanoparticle gold films were investigated in the 0.3 &lt; λ &lt; 12.5 µm wavelength range. A model taking grain boundary scattering into account was successfully fitted to the experimental data and it was shown that the infrared reflectance decreased with decreasing grain size as a consequence of increased grain boundary scattering. Nanoparticle tin-doped indium oxide films were made by spin-coating a dispersion containing the nanoparticles onto a substrate. The tin-doped indium oxide particles were prepared by a wet-chemical method. Optical properties were investigated in the 0.3 &lt; λ &lt; 30 µm wavelength range by reflectance and transmittance measurements. Effective medium theory was employed in the analyses of the optical data and information regarding film porosity and charge carrier concentration and mobility within the individual nanoparticles was obtained. It was found that ionized impurity scattering of the conduction electrons dominates within the particles. The temperature-dependent film resistivity was found to be governed by insulating barriers between clusters containing a large number of nanoparticles, thereby giving a negative temperature coefficient of resistivity.
LY-6K gene: A novel molecular marker for human breast cancer (2006)

A full-length cDNA was identified using one STS sequence containing an SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) derived from genomic DNAs of breast cancer patients using a variety of bioinformatics tools. The cDNA encodes LY-6K, a novel member protein of the Ly-6/uPAR superfamily. It has been annotated as a target antigen for the HNSCC (head-and neck squamous cell carcinoma). We isolated the LY-6K gene from genomic DNAs obtained from breast cancer patients through large scale, case-control-screening. We performed northern blot hybridization and semi-quantitative RT-PCR on a human multiple-tissue mRNA blot from several breast cancer patients. We investigated the expression level of the LY-6K gene in human breast cancer, and compared this to expression in human normal breast tissue. We found that LY-6K was more highly expressed in the mRNA of breast tumors compared to its expression in normal breast tissue. These results suggest that LY-6K is not only a target antigen for HNSCC but also a significant new molecular marker for diagnosis and gene therapy in patients with breast cancer.
A comparative study of ordinary cross-validation, <i>v</i>-fold cross-validation and the repeated learning-testing methods (1989)

Journal Article A comparative study of ordinary cross-validation, v-fold cross-validation and the repeated learning-testing methods Get access PRABIR BURMAN PRABIR BURMAN Division of Statistics, University of CaliforniaDavis, California 95616, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Biometrika, Volume 76, Issue 3, September 1989, Pages 503–514, https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/76.3.503 Published: 01 September 1989 Article history Received: 01 April 1988 Revision received: 01 January 1989 Published: 01 September 1989
<span>Điều kiện co ciric sưy rộng trong kh&ocirc;ng gian <em>b</em>-metric</span> (2022)

Trong bài viết này, chúng tôi mở rộng kiểu co Ciric trong không gian b-metric (Lu, He và Du, 2019) bằng cách thêm vào 4 số hạng ρ(T2x,x), ρ(T2x,Tx), ρ(T2x,y), ρ(T2x,Ty), để trở thành ρ(Tx,Ty) < λmax{ρ(x,y), ρ(x,Tx), ρ(y,Ty), ρ(x,Ty), ρ(Tx,y), ρ(T2x, x), ρ(T2x, Tx), ρ(T2x, y ), ρ(T2x, Ty)} trong đó W là không gian b-metric, T : W → W và x, y ∈ W.
Preparation of Tertiary Amines Having Different Substituents from Quaternary 2-Hydroxyethylammonium Salts (1987)

Tertiary amines with three different substituents were prepared. N, N Disubstituted ethanolamines readily and quantitatively reacted with alkyl halides to give quaternary 2-hydroxyl-ammonium halides. The quaternary salts, when treated with a small excess of potassium hydroxide at 120°C, afforded tertiary amines in high yields, accompanied by the evolution of ethylene oxide. N, N-Dimethylalkylamines were prepared quantitatively in a one-pot reaction procedure from N, N-dimethyl-ethanolamine and alkyl halides.
Isolation and Characterization of New Thiamine-Deregulated Mutants of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (2005)

In bacteria, thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) is an essential cofactor that is synthesized de novo. Thiamine, however, is not an intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway but is salvaged from the environment and phosphorylated to TPP. We have isolated and characterized new mutants of Bacillus subtilis that deregulate thiamine biosynthesis and affect the export of thiamine products from the cell. Deletion of the ydiA gene, which shows significant similarity to the thiamine monophosphate kinase gene of Escherichia coli (thiL), did not generate the expected thiamine auxotroph but instead generated a thiamine bradytroph that grew to near-wild-type levels on minimal medium. From this DeltathiL deletion mutant, two additional ethyl methanesulfonate-induced mutants that derepressed the expression of a thiC-lacZ transcriptional reporter were isolated. One mutant, Tx1, contained a nonsense mutation within the B. subtilis yloS (thiN) gene that encodes a thiamine pyrophosphokinase, a result which confirmed that B. subtilis contains a single-step, yeast-like thiamine-to-TPP pathway in addition to the bacterial TPP de novo pathway. A second mutant, strain Tx26, was shown to contain two lesions. Genetic mapping and DNA sequencing indicated that the first mutation affected yuaJ, which encodes a thiamine permease. The second mutation was located within the ykoD cistron of the ykoFEDC operon, which putatively encodes the ATPase component of a unique thiamine-related ABC transporter. Genetic and microarray studies indicated that both the mutant yuaJ and ykoD genes were required for the derepression of thiamine-regulated genes. Moreover, the combination of the four mutations (the DeltathiL, thiN, yuaJ, and ykoD mutations) into a single strain significantly increased the production and excretion of thiamine products into the culture medium. These results are consistent with the proposed "riboswitch" mechanism of thiamine gene regulation (W. C. Winkler, A. Nahvi, and R. R. Breaker, Nature 419:952-956, 2002).
Generating Low Cost Serial Waveforms For Global Positioning Systems (Gps) Applications (2024)

The purpose of this paper is to present a number of techniques for generating serial waveforms associated with the Global positioning System (GPS) in a laboratory environment.The incentive for this project was the need for simulating GPS data in a lab environment.The waveforms of interest are the output data signals provided by GPS receivers and used by applications such as navigation computers, autopilots, street atlas software, and Differential GPS (DGPS), a system for improving the position accuracy of GPS receivers.
Angiotensin II Causes Apoptosis of Adult Hippocampal Neural Stem Cells and Memory Impairment Through the Action on AMPK-PGC1α Signaling in Heart Failure (2017)

Data are limited on the mechanisms underlying memory impairment in heart failure (HF). We hypothesized that angiotensin II (Ang II) may determine the fate of adult hippocampal neural stem cells (HCNs), a cause of memory impairment in HF. HCNs with neurogenesis potential were isolated and cultured from adult rat hippocampi. Ang II decreased HCN proliferation in dose- and time-dependent manners. Moreover, Ang II treatment (1 µM) for 48 hours induced apoptotic death, which was attenuated by pretreatment with Ang II receptor blockers (ARBs). Ang II increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which was related to mitochondrial morphological changes and functional impairment. Moreover, ROS activated the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and consequent peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) expression, causing cell apoptosis. In the HF rat model induced by left anterior descending artery ligation, ARB ameliorated the spatial memory ability which decreased 10 weeks after ischemia. In addition, neuronal cell death, especially of newly born mature neurons, was observed in HF rat hippocampi. ARB decreased cell death and promoted the survival of newly born neural precursor cells and mature neurons. In conclusion, Ang II caused HCN apoptosis through mitochondrial ROS formation and subsequent AMPK-PGC1α signaling. ARB improved learning and memory behaviors impaired by neuronal cell death in the HF animal model. These findings suggest that HCN is one treatment target for memory impairment in HF and that ARBs have additional benefits in HF combined with memory impairment. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:1491-1503.
5.7 A 256×256 40nm/90nm CMOS 3D-Stacked 120dB Dynamic-Range Reconfigurable Time-Resolved SPAD Imager (2019)

Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) applications pose extremely challenging dynamic range (DR) requirements on optical time-of-flight (ToF) receivers due to laser returns affected by the inverse square law over 2-3 decades of distance, diverse target reflectivity, and high solar background [1]. Integrated CMOS SPADs have a native DR exceeding 140dB, typically extending from the noise floor of few cps to 100's Mcps peak rate. To deliver this DR to downstream DSP, large SPAD time-resolved imaging arrays must count and time billions of single photon events per second demanding massively parallel on-chip pixel processing to achieve practical I/O power consumption and data rates. Hybrid Cu-Cu bonding offers a mass-manufacturable platform to implement these sensors by providing high-fill-factor SPADs optimised for NIR stacked on dense nanoscale digital processors [2]. Stacked sensor architectures involving pixel-level histogramming, on-chip peak detection and TDC/processor resource sharing are now being investigated [3-5].
Reduction of electrooxidizable interferent effects: Optimization of the applied potential for amperometric glucose sensors (1994)

Abstract The selectivity originally anticipated for enzyme‐based amperometric electrochemical sensors, specifically glucose sensors based on the oxidation of hydrogen peroxide, has not achieved due to the oxidation of interfering compounds. These interfering compounds are analytes normally present in physiological fluids or tissues that oxidize at the electrode surface and give “false” current readings. The effect of lowering the potential applied to a plantium black working electrode was studied. In vitro studies showed that lowering the applied potential from +0.60 V to +0.35 V greatly decreased the current due to oxidation of acetaminophen, a common interferent, while leaving the current output due to glucose virtually unchanged. In vivo studies revealed that the positive, constant offset observed when comparing the plasma glucose concentration to the glucose concentration indicated by an implanted glucose sensor was greatly minimized by reducing the applied potential from +0.60 V to +0.35 V. The offset was thought to be due to the oxidation of interferents. The linearity, magnitude, and stability of the sensor's in vitro and in vivo response to glucose was unchanged by the reduction in the applied potential.
Cell Therapy for Skin Wound Using Fibroblast Encapsulated Poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(<scp>l</scp>-alanine) Thermogel (2012)

As a new application of a thermogel, a poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-alanine) (PEG-L-PA) gel encapsulating fibroblasts was investigated for wound healing. The fibroblasts were encapsulated by the temperature sensitive sol-to-gel transition of the polymer aqueous solution. Under the in vitro three-dimensional (3D) cell culture condition, the PEG-L-PA thermogel was comparable with Matrigel for cell proliferation and was significantly better than Matrigel for collagen types I and III formation. After confirming the excellent 3D microenvironment of the PEG-L-PA thermogel for fibroblasts, in vivo wound healing was investigated by injecting the cell-suspended polymer aqueous solution on incisions of rat skin, where the cell-encapsulated gel was formed in situ. Compared with the phosphate buffered saline treated system and the cell-free PEG-L-PA thermogel, the cell-encapsulated PEG-L-PA thermogel not only accelerated the wound closure but also improved epithelialization and the formation of skin appendages such as keratinocyte layer (epidermis), hair follicles, and sebaceous glands. The results demonstrate the potential of thermogels for cell therapy as an injectable tissue-engineering scaffold.
CARLsim 4: An Open Source Library for Large Scale, Biologically Detailed Spiking Neural Network Simulation using Heterogeneous Clusters (2018)

Large-scale spiking neural network (SNN) simulations are challenging to implement, due to the memory and computation required to iteratively process the large set of neural state dynamics and updates. To meet these challenges, we have developed CARLsim 4, a user-friendly SNN library written in C++ that can simulate large biologically detailed neural networks. Improving on the efficiency and scalability of earlier releases, the present release allows for the simulation using multiple GPUs and multiple CPU cores concurrently in a heterogeneous computing cluster. Benchmarking results demonstrate simulation of 8.6 million neurons and 0.48 billion synapses using 4 GPUs and up to 60x speedup for multi-GPU implementations over a single-threaded CPU implementation, making CARLsim 4 well-suited for large-scale SNN models in the presence of real-time constraints. Additionally, the present release adds new features, such as leaky-integrate-and-fire (LIF), 9-parameter Izhikevich, multi-compartment neuron models, and fourth order Runge Kutta integration.
Synthesis, structure, and olefin polymerization with nickel(ii) N-heterocyclic carbene enolates (2005)

Two novel N-heterocylic carbene enolate nickel complexes have been prepared and shown to be active for ethylene and propylene polymerization to yield linear polymers.
In vitro study of the effect of silver nanoparticles on the adhesion and membrane function of cells (2010)

In this paper,the acute cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles,as well as their influence on the adhesion state and membrane functions of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells(HUVEC) and Human Umbilical Artery Smooth Musle Cells(HUASMC) were studied in vitro,for the sake of clinic using security.The results are as follows.Silver nanoparticles whose concentration ranged from 0.003 9 mg/mL to 0.5 mg/mL did not show acute cytotoxicity within 8 hours,but the effects on the adhesion state of both cell lines were observed.The shape of the cells abnormally became small and round,which indicated that they were not well adhered on the culture plate.At the mean time,silver nanoparticles were found aggregating on the cell membrane,and the membrane fluidity and integrity of the cells were alternated,which implied that Ag nanoparticles had cytotoxicity in a certain degree.
Linker-Based Bio-compatible Microemulsions (2005)

In this work we have studied the formulation of biocompatible microemulsions using lecithin as the main surfactant and bio-compatible linker molecules (hexyl polyglucoside asthe hydrophilic linker and sorbitan monoleate as the lipophilic linker). These bio-compatible systems are discussed as potential substitutes for chlorinated solvents in dry-cleaning applications and as solvent delivery systems for pharmaceutical applications. Formulation parameters and conditions were evaluated using isopropyl myristate (IPM) as the model oil. It was found that the proposed linker-based formulations were able to form alcohol-free microemulsions while achieving higher solubilization capacity than similar systems reported in the literature. In addition, these lecithin/linker formulations were able to form microemulsions with a wide range of oils, from polar chlorinated hydrocarbons to hydrophobic oils such as squalene. These microemulsions were achieved under isotonic conditions (0.9% NaCl) by only varying the relative proportions of the linkers. The "solvency" power of these bio-compatible formulations was tested for the removal of hexadecane (used as model oil) from cotton fabrics and compared to the solvency power of a typical dry cleaning solvent tetrachloroethylene (PCE). While PCE and the linker-based lecithin formulation removed the same amount of hexadecane at low loading ratios (less than 1% oil volume fraction), at higher loading ratios the linker-based lecithin formulation retained its oil removal capacity while the efficiency of the PCE system declined rapidly. These initial results thus demonstrate the remarkable oil solubilization capacity of these bio-compatible linker-based lecithin formulations and illustrate their potential as environmentally friendly replacements for organic solvents.
Electrochemical performance of Ni x Co1-xMoO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) nanowire anodes for lithium-ion batteries (2012)

NixCo1-xMoO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) nanowire electrodes for lithium-ion rechargeable batteries have been synthesized via a hydrothermal method, followed by thermal post-annealing at 500°C for 2 h. The chemical composition of the nanowires was varied, and their morphological features and crystalline structures were characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction. The reversible capacity of NiMoO4 and Ni0.75Co0.25MoO4 nanowire electrodes was larger (≈520 mA h/g after 20 cycles at a rate of 196 mA/g) than that of the other nanowires. This enhanced electrochemical performance of NixCo1-xMoO4 nanowires with high Ni content was ascribed to their larger surface area and efficient electron transport path facilitated by their one-dimensional nanostructure.
<i>Aspergillus</i> Infection Inhibits the Expression of Peanut 13<i>S</i>-HPODE-Forming Seed Lipoxygenases (2005)

Oxylipins recently have been implicated as signaling molecules for cross-kingdom communication in plant-pathogen interactions. Linoleic acid and its two plant lipoxygenase (LOX) oxylipin products 9- and 13-hydroperoxy fatty acids (9S- and 13S-HPODE) have been shown to have a significant effect on differentiation processes in the mycotoxigenic seed pathogens Aspergillus spp. Whereas both fatty acids promote sporulation, 9S-HPODE stimulates and 13S-HPODE inhibits mycotoxin production. Additionally, Aspergillus flavus infection of seed promotes linoleate 9-LOX expression and 9S-HPODE accumulation. Here, we describe the characterization of two peanut seed lipoxygenase alleles (PnLOX2 and PnLOX3) highly expressed in mature seed. PnLOX2 and PnLOX3 both are 13S-HPODE producers (linoleate 13-LOX) and, in contrast to previously characterized 9-LOX or mixed function LOX genes, are repressed between 5-fold and 250-fold over the course of A. flavus infection. The results of these studies suggest that 9S-HPODE and 13S-HPODE molecules act as putative susceptibility and resistance factors respectively, in Aspergillus seed-aflatoxin interactions.
The effects of norepinephrine on cerebral haemodynamics in healthy volunteers (2001)

s and Programme: European Society of Anaesthesiologists; 9th Annual Meeting with the Swedish Society of Anaesthesiology; Gothenburg, Sweden, 7-10 April 2001: Neurosciences: Monitoring Equipment and Computers
A longitudinal study of Campylobacter distribution in a turkey production chain (2009)

During the brooding period Campylobacter might have contact with the birds without spreading of the contamination within the flock. Contamination of working surfaces and equipment during slaughter of a Campylobacter positive turkey flock can persist and lead to possible contamination of negative flocks even after the end of the day's cleaning and desinfection. Reduction of contamination at farm by a high level of biosecurity control and hygiene may be one of the most efficient ways to reduce the amount of contaminated poultry meat in Finland. Due to the low numbers of Campylobacter in the Finnish turkey production chain, enrichment PCR seems to be the optimal detection method here.
Synthesis of heterocyclic sulfonylureas (1996)

Abstract We examined the scope of the previously reported one‐pot synthesis [1] of chromone‐3‐sulfonylureas. Different anilines and heterocyclic amines were thereby reacted with chlorosulfonyl isocyanate‐derived chlorosulfonylureas. These were treated with different enaminones and enamines to provide the title compounds.