gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimum Probe Parameters for Entangling Probe in Quantum Key Distribution (2003)

For the four-state protocol of quantum key distribution, optimum sets of probe parameters are calculated for the most general unitary probe in which each individual transmitted photon is made to interact with the probe so that the signal and the probe are left in an entangled state, and projective measurement by the probe, made subsequent to projective measurement by the legitimate receiver, yields information about the signal state. The probe optimization is based on maximizing the Renyi information gain by the probe on corrected data for a given error rate induced by the probe in the legitimate receiver. An arbitrary angle is included between the nonorthogonal linear polarization states of the signal photons. Two sets of optimum probe parameters are determined which both correspond to the same optimization. Also, a larger set of optimum probe parameters is found than was known previously for the standard BB84 protocol. A detailed comparison is made between the complete and incomplete optimizations, and the latter simpler optimization is also made complete. Also, the process of key distillation from the quantum transmission in quantum key distribution is reviewed, with the objective of calculating the secrecy capacity of the four-state protocol in the presence of the eavesdropping probe. Emphasis is placed on information leakage to the probe.
Research and Development on the Welding Process for Reducing Diffusible Hydrogen (2018)

Cold cracking is a serious concern in the welding of large-scale steel structures. And, diffusible hydrogen is a major factor affecting to it. Several general techniques are known for preventing cold cracking, however there are no examples of approach in the past from welding apparatus side. The new welding process was developed to reduce diffusible hydrogen content in the weld metal with special welding torch in GMAW and FCAW. Furthermore, the factors were researched that affecting the effectiveness of the new welding process. The special welding torch was designed by calculation results of wire temperature distribution and analysis results of hydrogen source behavior during welding. It slightly sucks the gas around the wire through the suction nozzle. The effectiveness of developed process was showed by comparative experiment with conventional process, namely confirmed the correctness of the structural design. Meanwhile, it was revealed that wire structure (i.e. seamed or seamless) affects strongly the effectiveness of the process. This process was very effective with seamed flux cored wire.
Operating regimes of a linear SPT with low secondary electron-induced wall conductivity (2003)

The operating characteristics of a linear-geometry (open electron drift) Hall thruster are revisited under improved vacuum conditions, in order to eliminate possible channel wall contamination from oil diffusion-pump vapors. A comparison is made between cases in which the thruster is operated with channel walls fabricated from plate diamond, and from boron nitride. These studies reveal a new operating regime/mode that exists at high magnetic field conditions that has never been reported for conventional, annular geometry Hall thrusters, seen only when operating with diamond as the channel wall material. Operating regimes comparable to those seen in co-axial discharges are investigated using streak photography. The reason for this pulsed, low mean current regime is not yet understood but we conjecture that it is due to the difference between the secondary electron emission characteristics of boron nitride and diamond. ___________________________________________________________________________________
Phase structure and electrical properties of K<sub>0.5</sub>Na<sub>0.5</sub>(Nb<sub>0.94</sub>Sb<sub>0.06</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>-LiTaO<sub>3</sub> lead-free piezoelectric ceramics (2008)

Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics (1-x)K0.5Na0.5(Nb0.94Sb0.06)O3–xLiTaO3 have been fabricated by a conventional solid-state sintering technique. The ceramics can be well sintered at 1080–1110 °C and exhibit a dense, single-phase perovskite structure at x ≤ 0.06. Coexistence of the tetragonal and orthorhombic phases is formed in the ceramics with 0.02 &lt; x &lt; 0.05, leading to a significant enhancement in piezoelectric properties. For the ceramic with x = 0.04, the piezoelectric properties become optimum: piezoelectric constant d33 = 271 pC N−1, electromechanical coupling coefficients kP = 0.53 and kt = 0.43. Moreover, the ceramics are non-deliquescent and exhibit excellent performance in transducer applications, indicating that the ceramics are ready for replacing lead-containing ceramics in practical applications.
EFFECTS OF BASIDIOM Y CETE LACCASE ON CERCOSPORIN (2009)

SUMMARY Cercosporin is a perylenequinone pigment produced by fungi in the genus Cercospora which under light generates reactive oxygen species causing membrane damage and mortality of living cells. Our objectives were to demonstrate that fungal laccase, a lignolytic copper-containing enzyme, can degrade cercosporin and reduce cercosporin toxicity toward living cells. Cercosporin from Cercospora beticola and Cercospora hayi was treated with laccase from basidiomycete fungi (Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor) in the dark and under constant light. Under these conditions the absorbance of the cercosporin decreased at 220, 279 and 295-500 nm within 10 min of reaction with laccase from either P ostreatus or T versicolor , indicating that basidiomycete laccase can induce changes in UV-visible spectra of cercosporin. The LIVE/DEAD® Bac Light™ VIABILITY kit and fluorescent microscopy showed more viable E. coli cells after incubation under light with cercosporin and laccase than with cercosporin alone. Lesions were apparent on sugar beet leaves exposed to cercosporin under light after 48 h, but leaves exposed to cercosporin and laccase showed visibly less damage. These data suggest that laccase from basidiomycete fungi can decrease the toxic effect of cercosporin toward microorganisms and plant tissue.
Laboratory Diagnosis of Gonorrhea by a Simple Transformation Test with a Temperature-sensitive Mutant of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (1980)

A temperature-sensitive mutant of Neisseria gonorrhoeae strain tsA-1 was used in a transformation test for the laboratory diagnosis of gonorrhea. This transformation test (C test) is based on a spotting of a DNA lysate, obtained through simple base-acid extraction of a cervical-swab specimen, onto a lawn of tsA-1, which is then incubated for one to two days at 37 C. Of 1,053 cervical-swab specimens tested, 52 contained the gonococcal DNA necessary for restoring the ability of tsA-1 to grow well at 37 C; 49 of the 52 specimens were identified as N. gonorrhoeae by routine diagnostic laboratory procedures. The time required for the C test is two to three days, which is shorter than that required for routine diagnostic laboratory tests, and the C test involves a minimum of common laboratory supplies and expertise. The discrepancies between results of the C test and routine procedures are explained as follows. In one case an isolate suspected to be N. gonorrhoeae was nonreactive in the sugar fermentation test, and in two cases the agar plates were overgrown with yeasts; neither situation affected the C test.
Conformation−Activity Relationship of Designed Glycopeptides as Synthetic Probes for the Detection of Autoantibodies, Biomarkers of Multiple Sclerosis (2006)

Sera from patients suffering from autoimmune disorders often contain multiple types of autoantibodies, some of which can be exclusive of a disease and thus used as biomarkers for diagnosis. Identification of these autoantibodies, as disease biomarkers, should be achieved using native antigens in simple biological assays. However, posttranslational modifications, such as glycosylation, may play a fundamental role for specific autoantibody recognition. In line with these observations, we described synthetic glycopeptides able to detect high autoantibody titers in sera of patients affected by multiple sclerosis, an inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. We describe here the conformation-activity relationship of a focused library of glycopeptides based on structural diversity, with the aim of defining the structural requirements for the interaction of these glycopeptide antigens with specific autoantibodies. The final goal is the optimization of an antigenic probe for multiple sclerosis, to be used in the development of a simple diagnostic test based on an immunoenzymatic assay. The reported results clearly indicate that glycopeptides able to reveal high antibody titers in multiple sclerosis sera are characterized by a type I' beta-turn around the minimal epitope Asn(Glc), which allows an efficient exposure of this moiety to antibodies interactions, in the context of a solid-phase immunoenzymatic assay.
Forward biased safe operating area of emitter switched thyristors (1995)

The physical mechanisms for current saturation and destructive failure of the dual channel emitter switched thyristor (EST) are described. Forward Biased Safe Operating Areas (FBSOAs) at short-circuit state of the 600 V and 2500 V dual channel ESTs are reported. It is demonstrated by numerical simulation that the EST offers a better FBSOA than the IGBT. Experimental measurements are reported that corroborate these calculated results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Development Evelopment of Process Equipment to Separate Nonthermal and Thermal Effects of RF Energy on Microorganisms (2000)

We developed a modified radio frequency (RF) dielectric heater, as a component of a continuous process, for isolating thermal and nonthermal effects of RF energy on microorganisms in liquid foods. The concept combines instantaneous input of RF energy to the food system with rapid removal of thermal energy. We used a double tube heat exchanger as an integral part of the RF heater. The outer tube was Teflon. The inner tube was stainless steel which was grounded in the RF circuit. Product flowed through the annular region between the two concentric tubes. Cooling water flowed through the grounded stainless steel tube. The RF energy was absorbed by the process fluid in the annular region. The cooling water flowing in the inner tube removed the thermal energy from the process fluid controlling the temperature.
Abstract 2654: Synergistic inhibition of cancer cell viability and suppression of HIF1α by CDK4 inhibitors and HSP90 inhibitors across cancer types (2019)

Abstract Hypoxia is common and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1) promotes various aspects of cancer, such as angiogenesis, or metastasis, and confers therapy resistance. Targeting HIF’s is a promising cancer treatment strategy. We previously showed that cyclin-dependent kinase 1 and 4 (CDK1, CDK4) stabilize HIF1α protein in cancer cells (Warfel et al., Cell Cycle, 2013). We also found that CDK activity facilitates HSP90 stabilization of HIF1α and that targeting CDK1 or CDK4/6 and HSP90 simultaneously reduces HIF1α levels and inhibits colorectal cancer (CRC) cell viability. The CDK4/6i palbociclib plus HSP90i ganetespib synergistically inhibit cell viability in HCT116 CRC cells under normoxia and hypoxia, show anti-tumor efficacy in vivo, and reduce both HIF1 and HIF2 levels. To investigate the translational potential of the combination strategy, we explored use of a HSP90i in clinical trials as no HSP90i has been FDA-approved for cancer treatment. Onalespib is a HSP90i undergoing phase I trials for solid tumors and lymphoma. and XL888 is being tested in GI cancer and melanoma. A third HSP90i, TAS116, is under investigation in solid tumors. We found that all these HSP90 inhibitors, in combination with palbociclib, reduce HIF1α levels in CRC cells. Cell viability was inhibited by the combination treatment in a synergistic manner. Similar effects were observed in pancreatic cancer, breast cancer and other tumor types upon treatment with TAS116 and palbociclib. As palbociclib is not the only FDA-approved CDK4/6 inhibitor, we examined the anti-tumor effects of HIF targeting effect using an alternative FDA-approved CDK4/6 inhibitor, abemaciclib. Abemaciclib, in combination with TAS116, decreased HIF1α levels and inhibited cancer cell viability. Our findings demonstrate a class effect towards HIF1α inhibition and cancer cell viability across multiple tumor types from the combination of a CDK4/6i and HSP90i. Ongoing experiments are examining the role of HIF in the sensitivity to the drug combination and the impact of the combined inhibitor therapy on cancer cell migration and invasion. Further clinical translation of this concept is warranted for cancer therapy. Citation Format: Shuai Zhao, Lanlan Zhou, David T. Dicker, Wafik S. El-Deiry. Synergistic inhibition of cancer cell viability and suppression of HIF1α by CDK4 inhibitors and HSP90 inhibitors across cancer types [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2654.
Spinacia oleracea extract attenuates disease progression and sub-chondral bone changes in monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis in rats (2018)

On the basis of in vitro and in vivo experiments performed with Spinacea oleracea extract we can deduce that SOE has the ability to alleviate the MIA induced deleterious effects.
A transcervical amniotic fluid collector: a new medical device for the assessment of amniotic fluid in patients with ruptured membranes (2014)

There was a strong correlation between the concentrations of proteins in AF collected by amniocentesis or with the transcervical device.
Activation of epidermal growth factor receptors is responsible for mucin synthesis induced by cigarette smoke (2001)

Mucus hypersecretion from hyperplastic airway goblet cells is a hallmark of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although cigarette smoking is thought to be involved in mucus hypersecretion in COPD, the mechanism by which cigarette smoke induces mucus overproduction is unknown. Here we show that activation of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) is responsible for mucin production after inhalation of cigarette smoke in airways in vitro and in vivo. In the airway epithelial cell line NCI-H292, exposure to cigarette smoke upregulated the EGFR mRNA expression and induced activation of EGFR-specific tyrosine phosphorylation, resulting in upregulation of MUC5AC mRNA and protein production, effects that were inhibited completely by selective EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BIBX1522, AG-1478) and that were decreased by antioxidants. In vivo, cigarette smoke inhalation increased MUC5AC mRNA and goblet cell production in rat airways, effects that were prevented by pretreatment with BIBX1522. These effects may explain the goblet cell hyperplasia that occurs in COPD and may provide a novel strategy for therapy in airway hypersecretory diseases.
A High-Gain Microstrip Patch Array Antenna Using a Superstrate Layer (2003)

A dielectric superstrate layer above a microstrip patch antenna has remarkable effects on its gain and resonant characteristics. This paper experimentally investigates the effect of a superstrate layer for high gain on microstrip patch antennas. We measured the gain of antennas with and without a superstrate and found that the gain of a single patch with a superstrate was enhanced by about 4 dBi over the one without a superstrate at 12 GHz. The impedance bandwidths of a single patch with and without a superstrate for VSWR < 2 were above 11%. The designed 28 array antenna using a superstrate had a high gain of over 22.5 dB and a wide impedance bandwidth of over 17%.
XeBr exciplex laser (1976)

Laser emission from the recently discovered XeBr exciplex laser was investigated as a function of the partial pressures of Xe and Br2. An optical loss process appears to limit high-pressure operation.
SNR estimation in decibel domain over communication channels (2004)

The statistics of the signal estimator for estimating the signal value in decibel (dB) domain proposed in T. Luo and Y.C. Ko (2004), is analyzed. The basic idea of the proposed estimator combines the linear averaging and log domain. Using the most frequently used averaging filter, i.e., sample mean averaging filter, we prove that the performance of the proposed method is very close to the one of the optimum estimator with an assumption of independent identically distributed signal samples under Nakagami fading channel model. Moreover, the proposed method does not need to explicitly estimate the Nakagami parameter, m, which is required for the optimum estimator. For the correlated samples to be used for the estimation, which is a more practical situation, we show from the simulation that the proposed estimator outperforms significantly the optimum minimum variance unbiased estimator obtained under the Rayleigh fading channels. We also show from the simulations that the proposed estimator works well for the multipath fading case and low signal strength.
Synthesis of 5-Alkyl Substituted Uracil Derivatives from Barbituric Acid (1992)

A new two step synthesis of 5-alkyluracil derivatives from barbituric acids is described.Regioselective mono Q-mesylation of barbituric acids, followed by desulfanylation under reductive conditions, afforded uracils in high overall yield.The reductive desulfonylation step is also discussed.5-Alkyluracil derivatives are useful intermediates in the synthesis of antiviral uridines.'Having been interested in the synthesis of the potent inhibitor of uridine phosphorylase, 5-benzylacyclouridine (BAU, L),' we sought a new conversion from the inexpensive and easily available 5-alkylbarbituric acid derivatives (2) to the valuable 5alkyluracils ( 4 ) through a straightforward two step deoxy-3 my=J genative process.In spite of the massive literature avai- lable.the synthesis of 5-substituted uracil derivatives OAN usually requires multistep synthetic sequences.4To our L o w o n knowledge, approaches starting from barbituric acid have re-1 ceived only very limited a t t e n t i ~n .~. ~ In fact, the exclusive formation of mono Q-derivatives of barbituric acid has been seldom observed,' a complex reaction mixture being instead often obtained.We now wish to report our results on the reaction of the unprotected barbiturate anion toward sulfonyl halides, and on the previously unreported reductive desulfonylation of 3a-d to the desired uracil derivatives (4) (Scheme 1).
Electroacoustic transducer of the so-called ‘‘electret’’ type, and a method of making such a transducer (1991)

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Development of a Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface for Control of a Neuroprosthetic Limb (2016)

Background. The purpose of this experiment was to develop a peripheral nerve interface using cultured myoblasts within a scaffold to provide a biologically stable interface while providing signal amplification for neuroprosthetic control and preventing neuroma formation. Methods. A Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface (RPNI) composed of a scaffold and cultured myoblasts was implanted on the end of a divided peroneal nerve in rats (n = 25). The scaffold material consisted of either silicone mesh, acellular muscle, or acellular muscle with chemically polymerized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) conductive polymer. Average implantation time was 93 days. Electrophysiological tests were performed at endpoint to determine RPNI viability and ability to transduce neural signals. Tissue samples were examined using both light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Results. All implanted RPNIs, regardless of scaffold type, remained viable and displayed robust vascularity. Electromyographic activity and stimulated compound muscle action potentials were successfully recorded from all RPNIs. Physiologic efferent motor action potentials were detected from RPNIs in response to sensory foot stimulation. Histology and transmission electron microscopy revealed mature muscle fibers, axonal regeneration without neuroma formation, neovascularization, and synaptogenesis. Desmin staining confirmed the preservation and maturation of myoblasts within the RPNIs. Conclusions. RPNI demonstrates significant myoblast maturation, innervation, and vascularization without neuroma formation.
Enforcing Quality of Service Through Hardware Resource Aware Process Scheduling (2018)

Hardware manufacturers are forced to improve system performance continuously due to advanced and computationally demanding system functions. Unfortunately - more powerful hardware leads to increased costs. Instead, companies attempt to improve performance by consolidating multiple functions to share the same hardware to exploit existing performance instead. In legacy systems, each function had individual execution environment that guaranteed HW resource isolation and therefore the Quality of Service (QoS). Consolidation of multiple functions increases the risk of shared resource congestion. Current process schedulers focus on time quanta and do not consider shared resources. We present a novel process scheduler that complements current process schedulers by enforcing QoS though Shared Resource Aware (SRA) process scheduling. The SRA scheduler programs the Performance Monitoring Unit (PMU) to generate an overflow interrupt when reaching the assigned process resource quota. The scheduler has the possibility to swap out the process when receiving the interrupt allowing it to enforce the QoS for the scheduled process. We have implemented our scheduling policy as a new scheduling class in Linux. Our experiments show that it efficiently enforces QoS without seriously affect the shared resource usage of other processes executing on the same HW.
Photonic crystal biosensor microplates with integrated fluid networks for high throughput applications in drug discovery (2007)

Assays used in pharmaceutical research require a system that can not only detect biochemical interactions with high sensitivity, but that can also perform many measurements in parallel while consuming low volumes of reagents. While nearly all label-free biosensor transducers to date have been interfaced with a flow channel, the liquid handling system is typically aligned and bonded to the transducer for supplying analytes to only a few sensors in parallel. In this presentation, we describe a fabrication approach for photonic crystal biosensors that utilizes nanoreplica molding to produce a network of sensors that are automatically self-aligned with a microfluidic network in a single process step. The sensor/fluid network is inexpensively produced on large surface areas upon flexible plastic substrates, allowing the device to be incorporated into standard format 96-well microplates. A simple flow scheme using hydrostatic pressure applied through a single control point enables immobilization of capture ligands upon a large number of sensors with 220 nL of reagent, and subsequent exposure of the sensors to test samples. A high resolution imaging detection instrument is capable of monitoring the binding within parallel channels at rates compatible with determining kinetic binding constants between the immobilized ligands and the analytes. The first implementation of this system is capable of monitoring the kinetic interactions of 11 flow channels at once, and a total of 88 channels within an integrated biosensor microplate in rapid succession. The system was initially tested to characterize the interaction between sets of proteins with known binding behavior.
Boosting Debugging Support for Complex Systems on Chip (2007)

Advanced on-chip debug support can help overcome the challenges of developing real-time embedded systems driven by complex SoCs, making development support a decisive selection factor. One novel approach supports the on-time development of high-quality complex systems without greatly increasing the required design and production resources