gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Impaired Cardiac Contractility Response to Hemodynamic Stress in S100A1-Deficient Mice (2002)

Ca(2+) signaling plays a central role in cardiac contractility and adaptation to increased hemodynamic demand. We have generated mice with a targeted deletion of the S100A1 gene coding for the major cardiac isoform of the large multigenic S100 family of EF hand Ca(2+)-binding proteins. S100A1(-/-) mice have normal cardiac function under baseline conditions but have significantly reduced contraction rate and relaxation rate responses to beta-adrenergic stimulation that are associated with a reduced Ca(2+) sensitivity. In S100A1(-/-) mice, basal left-ventricular contractility deteriorated following 3-week pressure overload by thoracic aorta constriction despite a normal adaptive hypertrophy. Surprisingly, heterozygotes also had an impaired response to acute beta-adrenergic stimulation but maintained normal contractility in response to chronic pressure overload that coincided with S100A1 upregulation to wild-type levels. In contrast to other genetic models with impaired cardiac contractility, loss of S100A1 did not lead to cardiac hypertrophy or dilation in aged mice. The data demonstrate that high S100A1 protein levels are essential for the cardiac reserve and adaptation to acute and chronic hemodynamic stress in vivo.
Artificial Modification of an Enzyme for Construction of Cross-Reactive Polyion Complexes To Fingerprint Signatures of Proteins and Mammalian Cells (2016)

A novel strategy for construction of cross-reactive enzyme-based sensors have been developed based on chemical modification of lysine ε-NH3(+) groups in β-galactosidase (β-Gal) from Aspergillus oryzae with various acid anhydrides. Modification of lysine side chains markedly altered the kinetic parameters of β-Gal (KM and kcat), whereas catalytic activity remained and the tertiary structure was maintained for all modified β-Gals. The addition of cationic PEGylated polymers to reactive solutions caused the formation of polyion complexes (PICs) with marked inhibition of the modified β-Gal activity. Therefore, the obtained PICs can be used to construct cross-reactive enzyme-based sensors without any purification. With addition of each analyte protein or mammalian cell to the PIC library, the modified β-Gals were partially released from PICs, and therefore the catalytic activities showed characteristic recovery fingerprints. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) of fingerprints generated by the combination of only three PICs enabled successful discrimination of 0.5 μg/mL human plasma proteins (albumin, immunoglobulin G, transferrin, fibrinogen, α1-antitrypsin, C-reactive protein), and semiquantification of inflammatory biomarker proteins in buffer (0.3-8.1 μg/mL) and human serum (2-100 μg/mL) with comparable sensitivity for diagnosis in human blood samples. Moreover, we identified five mammalian (human, bovine, fetal bovine, horse, and rabbit) sera containing 2.5 μg/mL serum proteins, and three human cancer cell lines [A549 (lung), MG63 (bone), HuH7 (liver)] and a human mesenchymal stem cell line (UE7T-13) (1500 cells/mL) with 100% accuracy.
Molecular biology of acute lymphocytic leukemia. (1997)

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has been extensively studied and characterized at a molecular level. The identification and characterization of molecular lesions associated with ALL has led to advances in classification and prognosis of ALL, which in turn has been useful in stratifying ALL patients for treatment purposes. However, perhaps of greater long-term significance are insights into the mechanisms of leukemogenesis that have been provided by characterization of ALL at a molecular level. This review focuses on general themes and mechanisms of disease, concentrating on recent advances in the field, including the relationship of deregulated transcription factors to ALL, probable mechanisms of lymphoid translocations, and newly characterized genetic lesions, such as those involving tumor suppressor genes, 11q23 abnormalities, and 12p12 abnormalities.
Quantifying fat replacement of muscle by quantitative MRI in muscular dystrophy (2017)

The muscular dystrophies are rare orphan diseases, characterized by progressive muscle weakness: the most common and well known is Duchenne muscular dystrophy which affects young boys and progresses quickly during childhood. However, over 70 distinct variants have been identified to date, with different rates of progression, implications for morbidity, mortality, and quality of life. There are presently no curative therapies for these diseases, but a range of potential therapies are presently reaching the stage of multi-centre, multi-national first-in-man clinical trials. There is a need for sensitive, objective end-points to assess the efficacy of the proposed therapies. Present clinical measurements are often too dependent on patient effort or motivation, and lack sensitivity to small changes, or are invasive. Quantitative MRI to measure the fat replacement of skeletal muscle by either chemical shift imaging methods (Dixon or IDEAL) or spectroscopy has been demonstrated to provide such a sensitive, objective end-point in a number of studies. This review considers the importance of the outcome measures, discusses the considerations required to make robust measurements and appropriate quality assurance measures, and draws together the existing literature for cross-sectional and longitudinal cohort studies using these methods in muscular dystrophy.
Common Bile Duct Varices: MR Cholangiography and MR Angiography Demonstration (2003)

Extrahepatic obstruction of the portal vein, resulting in portal hypertension, may cause extensive collateral circulation at the porta hepatis. These collateral veins may compress and narrow the common bile duct, sometimes causing obstructive jaundice. Until recently, ERCP and percutaneous angiography have been used to diagnose choledochal varix. Now, MR cholangiography is replacing the diagnostic role of ERCP. This imaging has the advantage of obtaining angiography at the same time. We present a 62-year-old male patient, in whom choledochal varix accompanying choledocholithiasis, was diagnosed by MR cholangiography and contrast-enhanced MR angiography.
Design of Selective Gas Sensors Using Additive-Loaded In2O3 Hollow Spheres Prepared by Combinatorial Hydrothermal Reactions (2011)

A combinatorial hydrothermal reaction has been used to prepare pure and additive (Sb, Cu, Nb, Pd, and Ni)-loaded In2O3 hollow spheres for gas sensor applications. The operation of Pd- and Cu-loaded In2O3 sensors at 371 °C leads to selective H2S detection. Selective detection of CO and NH3 was achieved by the Ni-In2O3 sensor at sensing temperatures of 371 and 440 °C, respectively. The gas responses of six different sensors to NH3, H2S, H2, CO and CH4 produced unique gas sensing patterns that can be used for the artificial recognition of these gases.
A novel respiratory detection method based on automated analysis of ultrasound diaphragm video (2006)

This paper proposes a novel respiratory detection method based on diaphragm motion measurements using a 2D ultrasound unit. The proposed method extracts a respiratory signal from an automated analysis of the internal diaphragm motion during breathing. The respiratory signal may be used for gating. Ultrasound studies of diaphragm breathing motion were performed on four volunteers. The ultrasound video stream was captured and transferred to a personal computer and decomposed into individual image frames. After straightforward image analysis, region of interest selection, and filtering, the mutual information (MI) and correlation coefficients (CCs) between a selected reference frame and all other frames were computed. The resulting MI and CC values were discovered to produce a signal corresponding to the respiratory cycle in both phase and magnitude. We also studied the diaphragm motion of two volunteers during repeated deep inspiration breath holds (DIBH) and found a slight relaxation motion of the diaphragm during the DIBH, suggesting that the residual motion may be important for treatments delivered at this breathing phase. Applying the proposed respiratory detection method to these ultrasound studies, we found that the MI and CC values demonstrate the relaxation behavior, indicatingthat our method may be used to determine the radiation triggering time for a DIBH technique.
Intravesical administration of indium‐111‐labelled hmfg2 monoclonal antibody in superficial bladder carcinomas (1993)

Tumour-associated HMFG2 monoclonal antibody (MAb) was labelled with indium-111 and administered intravesically to 20 patients with known or suspected superficial bladder carcinoma. The antibody solution was kept in the bladder for 1 hr and was then washed out. Cystoscopy was performed at 2 and 24 hr after instillation. Radioactivity of tumour and normal tissue obtained from the bladder during cystoscopy and cells recovered from urine after the instillation were counted in a gamma-counter. Conventional histology, immunocytochemistry and autoradiography were also performed. Mean uptake at 2 and at 24 hr was higher in tumours than in normal samples. Autoradiography showed selective accumulation of radioactivity in cells which expressed the antigen detected by the HMFG2 MAb. There was no correlation of tumour uptake with the grade of tumour. No radioactivity was found in the blood of patients after the instillation. Based on dosimetric calculations, however, the radiation dose that can be delivered to the tumours is not sufficient to be cytotoxic, possibly due to inadequate penetration and retention by tumour tissue. Nevertheless, the significant difference between antibody uptake by the tumours and that by normal urothelium, observed in our study, allow for the possibility of using this approach therapeutically.
ByteTrack: Multi-Object Tracking by Associating Every Detection Box (2021)

Multi-object tracking (MOT) aims at estimating bounding boxes and identities of objects in videos. Most methods obtain identities by associating detection boxes whose scores are higher than a threshold. The objects with low detection scores, e.g. occluded objects, are simply thrown away, which brings non-negligible true object missing and fragmented trajectories. To solve this problem, we present a simple, effective and generic association method, tracking by associating almost every detection box instead of only the high score ones. For the low score detection boxes, we utilize their similarities with tracklets to recover true objects and filter out the background detections. When applied to 9 different state-of-the-art trackers, our method achieves consistent improvement on IDF1 score ranging from 1 to 10 points. To put forwards the state-of-the-art performance of MOT, we design a simple and strong tracker, named ByteTrack. For the first time, we achieve 80.3 MOTA, 77.3 IDF1 and 63.1 HOTA on the test set of MOT17 with 30 FPS running speed on a single V100 GPU. ByteTrack also achieves state-of-the-art performance on MOT20, HiEve and BDD100K tracking benchmarks. The source code, pre-trained models with deploy versions and tutorials of applying to other trackers are released at https://github.com/ifzhang/ByteTrack.
프랑스 사회보장제도의 최근 개편 동향: 마크롱 정부의 대선 공약을 중심으로 (2017)

2017년 5월 프랑스의 대통령 선거는 프랑스 사회보장제도와 관련해서 매우 중요한 변화를 예고하고 있다. 그것은 마크롱 대통령이 의료보장과 실업보험에 대한 근로자의 보험료를 없애는 대신, 작은 사회보장세라 할 수 있는 일반사회기여금(Contribution sociale ge?ne?ralise?e)을 인상함으로써 개혁을 약속했기 때문이다. 이는 복지재정에서 사회보장세의 비중을 늘린다는 점에서, 그리고 사회보험의 사각지대에 있던 자영업자 등에게도 실업급여를 지급하게 된다는 점에서 사회보장제도의 보편적 성격을 강화한다는 의미를 갖는다. 하지만 마크롱의 대선 공약은 조세율과 관련해 상위 소득자에게 유리한 개편을 주장하고, 단체협상 방식에서도 기업 단위 협상으로의 전환을 주장하고 있다는 비판을 받고 있기도 하다. 이 점에서 이러한 개혁의 향배에 많은 관심이 쏠리고 있다. 그 이유는 21세기 급변하는 경제사회 구조하에서 사회보험 중심 전략의 한계를 극복하기 위해 마련한 새로운 대안적 실험으로 여겨지기 때문이다.
Long-Read Sequencing Emerging in Medical Genetics (2019)

The wide implementation of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies has revolutionized the field of medical genetics. However, the short read lengths of currently used sequencing approaches pose a limitation for identification of structural variants, sequencing repetitive regions, phasing alleles and distinguishing highly homologous genomic regions. These limitations may significantly contribute to the diagnostic gap in patients with genetic disorders who have undergone standard NGS, like whole exome or even genome sequencing. Now, the emerging long-read sequencing (LRS) technologies may offer improvements in the characterization of genetic variation and regions that are difficult to assess with the currently prevailing NGS approaches. LRS has so far mainly been used to investigate genetic disorders with previously known or strongly suspected disease loci. While these targeted approaches already show the potential of LRS, it remains to be seen whether LRS technologies can soon enable true whole genome sequencing routinely. Ultimately, this could allow the de novo assembly of individual whole genomes used as a generic test for genetic disorders. In this article, we summarize the current LRS-based research on human genetic disorders and discuss the potential of these technologies to facilitate the next major advancements in medical genetics.
Negative Input-Resistance Compensator for a Constant Power Load (2007)

A negative input-resistance compensator is designed to stabilize a power electronic brushless dc motor drive with constant power-load characteristics. The strategy is to feed a portion of the changes in the dc-link voltage into the current control loop to modify the system input impedance in the midfrequency range and thereby to damp the input filter. The design process of the compensator and the selection of parameters are described. The impact of the compensator is examined on the motor-controller performance, and finally, the effectiveness of the controller is verified by simulation and experimental testing.
Reviews (1994)

Journal Article Reviews Get access Zygmunt Bauman, Mortality, Immortality and Other Life Strategies, Cambridge: Polity Press, 1992. Pp. 215. £39.50. ISBN 0-745-609-406. LINDSAY PRIOR LINDSAY PRIOR University of Ulster at Jordanstown Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Social History of Medicine, Volume 7, Issue 1, April 1994, Pages 162–163, https://doi.org/10.1093/shm/7.1.162 Published: 01 April 1994
Gene Therapy and Hypothermia for Stroke Treatment (2003)

We have previously reported studies of gene therapy using a neurotropic herpes simplex viral (HSV) vector system containing bipromoter vectors to transfer various protective genes to neurons. Using this system in experimental models of stroke, cardiac arrest, and excitotoxicity, we found that it is possible to enhance neuron survival against such cerebral insults by overexpressing genes that target various facets of injury. Among the genes we studied, the anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2 improved neuron survival following various insults, and was protective even when administered after stroke onset. BCL-2 is thought to protect cells from apoptotic death by preventing cytochrome c release from the mitochondria and subsequent caspase activation. We and others have established that cooling the brain by a few degrees markedly reduces ischemic injury and improves neurologic deficits in models of cerebral ischemia and trauma. This hypothermic neuroprotection is also associated with BCL-2 upregulation in some instances. Furthermore, hypothermia suppresses many aspects of apoptotic death including cytochrome c release, caspase activation, and DNA fragmentation. Here we show that two different kinds of protective therapies, BCL-2 overexpression and hypothermia, both inhibit aspects of apoptotic cell death cascades, and that a combination treatment can prolong the temporal therapeutic window for gene therapy.
Occludin Modulates Transepithelial Migration of Neutrophils (2000)

Neutrophils cross epithelial sheets to reach inflamed mucosal surfaces by migrating along the paracellular route. To avoid breakdown of the epithelial barrier, this process requires coordinated opening and closing of tight junctions, the most apical intercellular junctions in epithelia. To determine the function of epithelial tight junction proteins in this process, we analyzed neutrophil migration across monolayers formed by stably transfected epithelial cells expressing wild-type and mutant occludin, a membrane protein of tight junctions with four transmembrane domains and both termini in the cytosol. We found that expression of mutants with a modified N-terminal cytoplasmic domain up-regulated migration, whereas deletion of the C-terminal cytoplasmic domain did not have an effect. The N-terminal cytosolic domain was also found to be important for the linear arrangement of occludin within tight junctions but not for the permeability barrier. Moreover, expression of mutant occludin bearing a mutation in one of the two extracellular domains inhibited neutrophil migration. The effects of transfected occludin mutants on neutrophil migration did not correlate with their effects on selective paracellular permeability and transepithelial electrical resistance. Hence, specific domains and functional properties of occludin modulate transepithelial migration of neutrophils.
Differential expression of the estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) in human prostate tissue, premalignant changes, and in primary, metastatic, and recurrent prostatic adenocarcinoma (2002)

The secretory epithelium is a major target of ERbeta-mediated estrogen signaling in the human prostate. Its downregulation in HGPIN is consistent with chemopreventive effects that the ERbeta may exert on the prostatic epithelium. The continuous expression of the receptor protein at significant levels in untreated primary and metastatic adenocarcinoma indicates that these tumors can use estrogens through an ERbeta-mediated pathway. The partial loss of the ERbeta in recurrent tumors after androgen-deprivation may reflect the androgen-dependence of ERbeta gene expression in human prostate cancer.
ESD protection for SOI technology using an under-the-box (substrate) diode structure (2004)

In this paper we will present a new integrated SOI substrate diode structure for ESD protection of SOI I/O circuits that is built under the buried oxide of the SOI wafer using a standard CMOS process. We will show that the protection level can reach four times what is achieved by the standard-lateral SOI diode structure. We will also show device and process simulation results to understand the self-heating effect of both standard-SOI and substrate diodes, as well as how to optimize the structure using a deep N-well implant.
High Moment FeNiN Films Prepared by Dual Ion Beam Sputtering (2002)

High moment FeNiN films with soft magnetic properties were prepared on glass and Si (100) substrates by a dual ion beam sputtering (DIBS) system. Effects of nitrogen concentrations and substrate temperatures on the phase structure and magnetic properties of FeNiN films were investigated. Nitrogen concentration of the FeNiN film was saturated to 20 at.% as nitrogen partial pressure was higher than 3×10-2 Pa. FeNiN films consisted of α-(FeNi), α''-(Fe,Ni)16N2, γ'-(Fe,Ni)4N phases or a mixture of these phases under different deposition parameters. The magnetic properties depended dramatically on the phase structure. FeNiN films with 8–12 at.% nitrogen concentrations deposited at 140–180°C exhibited α''-(Fe,Ni)16N2 and γ'-(Fe,Ni)4N phases, high saturation magnetization of 2.2–2.3 T and low coercivity of 80–110 A/m.
Current concepts of optimal cerebral perfusion pressure in traumatic brain injury (2014)

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) consists of varied pathophysiological consequences and alteration of intracranial dynamics, reduction of the cerebral blood flow and oxygenation. In the past decade more emphasis has been directed towards optimizing cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) in patients who have suffered TBI. Injured brain may show signs of ischemia if CPP remains below 50 mmHg and raising the CPP above 60 mmHg may avoid cerebral oxygen desaturation. Though CPP above 70 mmHg is influential in achieving an improved patient outcome, maintenance of CPP higher than 70 mmHg was associated with greater risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The target CPP has been laid within 50-70 mmHg. Cerebral blood flow and metabolism are heterogeneous after TBI and with regional temporal differences in the requirement for CPP. Brain monitoring techniques such as jugular venous oximetry, monitoring of brain tissue oxygen tension (PbrO2), and cerebral microdialysis provide complementary and specific information that permits the selection of the optimal CPP. This review highlights the rationale for use CPP directed therapies and neuromonitoring to identify optimal CPP of head injured patients. The article also reviews the evidence provided by various clinical trials regarding optimal CPP and their application in the management of head injured patients.
Acoustic Propulsion of Nanorod Motors Inside Living Cells (2014)

Abstract The ultrasonic propulsion of rod‐shaped nanomotors inside living HeLa cells is demonstrated. These nanomotors (gold rods about 300 nm in diameter and about 3 μm long) attach strongly to the external surface of the cells, and are readily internalized by incubation with the cells for periods longer than 24 h. Once inside the cells, the nanorod motors can be activated by resonant ultrasound operating at 4 MHz, and show axial propulsion as well as spinning. The intracellular propulsion does not involve chemical fuels or high‐power ultrasound and the HeLa cells remain viable. Ultrasonic propulsion of nanomotors may thus provide a new tool for probing the response of living cells to internal mechanical excitation, for controllably manipulating intracellular organelles, and for biomedical applications.
Polarizable Force Field Development and Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Ionic Liquids (2009)

A many-body polarizable force field has been developed and validated for ionic liquids (ILs) containing 1-methyl-3-alkylimidazolium, 1-alkyl-2-methyl-3-alkylimidazolium, N-methyl-N-alkylpyrrolidinium, N-alkylpyridinium, N-alkyl-N-alkylpiperidinium, N-alkyl-N-alkylmorpholinium, tetraalkylammonium, tetraalkylphosphonium, N-methyl-N-oligoetherpyrrolidinium cations and BF(4)(-), CF(3)BF(3)(-), CH(3)BF(3)(-), CF(3)SO(3)(-), PF(6)(-), dicyanamide, tricyanomethanide, tetracyanoborate, bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide (Ntf(2)(-) or TFSI(-)), bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI(-)) and nitrate anions. Classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed on 30 ionic liquids at 298, 333, and 393 K. The IL density, heat of vaporization, ion self-diffusion coefficient, conductivity, and viscosity were found in a good agreement with available experimental data. Ability of the developed force field to predict ionic crystal cell parameters has been tested on four ionic crystals containing Ntf(2)(-) anions. The influence of polarization on the structure and ion transport has been investigated for [emim][BF(4)] IL. A connection between the structural changes in IL resulting from turning off polarization and slowing down of ion dynamics has been found. Developed force field has also provided accurate description/prediction of thermodynamic and transport properties of alkanes, fluoroalkanes, oligoethers (1,2-dimethoxyethane), ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, hydrazine, methyhydrazine, dimethylhydrazine, acetonitrile, dimethyl amine, and dimethyl ketone.