gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Method for estimating the suspension strf a oke ovehicle and apparatus implementing the same [US Application] (2008)

The present invention refers to a method for estimating the suspension stroke of a vehicle comprising the steps consisting of: a) determining a variability law (10) that associates the stroke of the suspension with the pressure inside a shock absorber of the same, based on experimental data; b) estimating the suspension stroke value related to a measured pressure value, based on the variability law (10) identified in step (a); c) detecting/obtaining the longitudinal vehicle dynamics; d) recalibrating (30) the variability law (10) identified in step a), based on the longitudinal vehicle dynamics detected/obtained in step c). The present invention also refers to an apparatus for implementing the estimation method of the suspension stroke of a vehicle according to the invention.
PBS: Signaling architecture for network traffic authorization (2013)

We propose a signaling architecture for network traffic authorization, called Permission-Based Sending (PBS), aiming to prevent DoS attacks and other forms of unauthorized traffic. Toward this goal, PBS takes a hybrid approach: a proactive approach of explicit permissions and a reactive approach of monitoring and countering attacks. PBS uses a concept similar to existing capability-based systems in the manner in which the sender should get authorization (permission) from a receiver for flows. However, PBS introduces new and practical approaches to overcome the deficiencies (the difficulty of obtaining permission and incompatibility with current network architecture) of those systems. On-path signaling enables easy installation and management of the permission state. Working on current network protocols supports compatibility and allows PBS to be deployed in existing networks. In addition, a monitoring mechanism provides a second line of defense against attacks. Our analysis and performance evaluation show that PBS is an effective and scalable solution to prevent several kinds of attacks, and improves the resilience of the system against network failure by using soft-state mechanisms.
Structural Data De-Anonymization: Theory and Practice (2016)

In this paper, we study the quantification, practice, and implications of structural data de-anonymization, including social data, mobility traces, and so on. First, we answer several open questions in structural data de-anonymization by quantifying perfect and (1 - ε)-perfect structural data de-anonymization, where ε is the error tolerated by a de-anonymization scheme. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work on quantifying structural data de-anonymization under a general data model, which closes the gap between the structural data de-anonymization practice and theory. Second, we conduct the first large-scale study on the de-anonymizability of 26 real world structural data sets, including social networks, collaborations networks, communication networks, autonomous systems, peer-to-peer networks, and so on. We also quantitatively show the perfect and (1 - ε)-perfect de-anonymization conditions of the 26 data sets. Third, following our quantification, we present a practical attack [a novel single-phase cold start optimization-based de-anonymization (ODA) algorithm]. An experimental analysis of ODA shows that ~77.7%-83.3% of the users in Gowalla (196 591 users and 950 327 edges) and 86.9%-95.5% of the users in Google+ (4692 671 users and 90751 480 edges) are de-anonymizable in different scenarios, which implies that the structure-based de-anonymization is powerful in practice. Finally, we discuss the implications of our de-anonymization quantification and our ODA attack and provide some general suggestions for future secure data publishing.
GNSS-based Positioning: Attacks and countermeasures (2008)

Increasing numbers of mobile computing devices, user-portable, or embedded in vehicles, cargo containers, or the physical space, need to be aware of their location in order to provide a wide range of commercial services. Most often, mobile devices obtain their own location with the help of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), integrating, for example, a global positioning system (GPS) receiver. Nonetheless, an adversary can compromise location-aware applications by attacking the GNSS-based positioning: It can forge navigation messages and mislead the receiver into calculating a fake location. In this paper, we analyze this vulnerability and propose and evaluate the effectiveness of countermeasures. First, we consider replay attacks, which can be effective even in the presence of future cryptographic GNSS protection mechanisms. Then, we propose and analyze methods that allow GNSS receivers to detect the reception of signals generated by an adversary, and then reject fake locations calculated because of the attack. We consider three diverse defense mechanisms, all based on knowledge, in particular, own location, time, and Doppler shift, receivers can obtain prior to the onset of an attack. We find that inertial mechanisms that estimate location can be defeated relatively easy. This is equally true for the mechanism that relies on clock readings from off-the-shelf devices; as a result, highly stable clocks could be needed. On the other hand, our Doppler Shift Test can be effective without any specialized hardware, and it can be applied to existing devices.
Antigen Retrieval Improves hnRNP A2/B1 Immunohistochemical Localization in Premalignant Lesions of the Lung (1998)

Monoclonal antibody 703D4 recognizes a 31 kD lung cancer associated antigen (p31) expressed both in resected lung tumor and in sputum cells shed from the bronchial epithelium in advance of clinical cancer [1, 2]. Originally developed by mouse immunization using a whole non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumor-cell extract, 703D4 recognizes a protein expressed by most NSCLC as well as small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines [1,3]. Recently, the 703D4 antigen has been purified by a seven-step chromatographic procedure, guided by Western blotting [4]. Sequencing of the principal immunostaining protein identified a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein-A2 (hnRNP-A2). A splice variant, hnRNP-B1, was identified as a minor copurifying immunoreactive protein. Table 1 presents a summary of the advances in understanding of p31 expression in pulmonary tissues.
Image2Scene (2015)

We propose a style transformation system to transform a 3D room into one that resembles the style of a photograph. We focus on two major components of interior scene style: layout and color. Using an interior image database, we learn the related style guidelines. Given a reference image and a 3D room of two different interior rooms, we first establish semantic correspondence between the two scenes. The styles of the reference image are then extracted in the form of layout constraints and color schemes. Finally, our framework performs layout rearrangement followed by recoloring of the scene to match the learned style of the reference image. We show style transformation results on numerous examples to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our system.
Activation‐Induced Cytidine Deaminase Links Class Switch Recombination and Somatic Hypermutation (2003)

Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), a putative RNA-editing cytidine deaiminase that is expressed strictly in activated B cells, is indispensable in three apparently distinct genetic alterations of immunoglobulin genes-namely, class switch recombination, somatic hypermutation, and gene conversion. Recent findings led us to propose a common DNA cleaving mechanism, in which the transient secondary structure of the S and V region DNA is recognized by a nicking enzyme regulated by the putative RNA-editing activity of AID.
Role of Plasminogen System Components in Focal Cerebral Ischemic Infarction (1999)

Plg system components affect FCI at 2 different levels: (1) reduction of tPA activity (tPA gene inactivation) reduces whereas its augmentation (PAI-1 gene inactivation) increases infarct size, and (2) reduction of Plg activity (Plg gene inactivation or alpha2-AP injection) increases whereas its augmentation (alpha2-AP gene inactivation or alpha2-AP neutralization) reduces infarct size. Inhibition of alpha2-AP may constitute a potential avenue to treatment of FCI.
Novel T-channel nanowire FET with built-in signal amplification for pH sensing (2009)

The low level of output signal in conventional silicon nanowire field-effect transistors (FETs) could limit their potential deployments as integrated chemical and biomedical sensors. We have proposed in this work a novel T-shape channel nanowire FET with a built-in signal amplification mechanism. Compared to the co-fabricated, conventional silicon nanowire FET sensors, we have experimentally extracted from the novel device a significant improvement of almost 50 times in pH detection sensitivity.
Improvement of resistance switching characteristics in NiO films obtained from controlled Ni oxidation (2007)

Bi-stable resistive switching phenomena controlled by external voltages has drawn much attention for high-density nonvolatile memory devices, the resistive memory materials ranging from organic to inorganic materials, with either metallic or conductive oxide electrodes. These resistive switching phenomena have been reported in many simple transition metal oxide films such as CuO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> , TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , NiO or ZrO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> . The switching mechanism in Metal/Resistive oxide/Metal (MRM) structures has been attributed to the reversible formation/rupture of filamentary conducting paths at the interfaces between metal electrodes and bi-stable oxide film. Recently, we have explored the possibility to form memory cells from the partial oxidation of blanket Ni metallic bottom electrode. The switching characteristics were progressively improved by optimizing annealing conditions and selecting appropriate substrates on which nickel film was sputtered. Reversible and repetitive resistive switching phenomena with set/reset voltages around plusmn1 V were demonstrated in NiO/NiO/Ni structures fabricated from Ni/TiN/Ti/SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> /Si substrates.
Diode-Pumped, Electrically Tunable Erbium-Doped Fiber Ring Laser with Fiber Fabry-Perot Etalon (1991)

An all fiber, diode-pumped, electrically tunable ring laser is reported. Gain is provided by an erbium-doped fiber and tuning by a Fiber Fabry-Perot etalon. The threshold at 1.566 µ m is 2.9 mW, the slope efficiency is 0.15 and the output power is 4.2 mW with 32 mW of pump power. The output wavelength can be tuned from 1.525 to 1.586 µ m with a variation in power of less than 3.5 dB.
A <i>fap5</i> Allele for Elevated Palmitate in Soybean (2000)

Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] oil with elevated palmitate content may be useful for producing plastic fats without hydrogenation. The mutant line A27, with ≈160 g kg −1 palmitate, was developed by treatment of seeds of ‘Kenwood’ with ethyl methanesulfonate. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic control of elevated palmitate content in A27. A27 was crossed to Kenwood and to lines possessing the fap1 , fap2‐b , fap3 , fap4 , or fap6 alleles for altered palmitate. Analysis of the F 1 , F 2 , and F 3 generations indicated that A27 had an allele for elevated palmitate at a single locus, designated fap5 , that exhibited additive gene action with Fap5 and mutant alleles for altered palmitate content. The fap5 locus was independent of the fap1 , fap3 , fap4 , and fap6 loci, but closely linked to the fap2‐b locus.
Theoretical Studies of a Continuously Adjustable Hydrodynamic Fluid Film Bearing (2001)

Principles of a continuously adjustable hydrodynamic bearing are described together with an analysis model for studying its theoretical performance. The model included an expanded form of the governing Reynolds equation which took account of non-uniform variations in the fluid film thickness. A solution procedure was devised whereby for a given set of adjustment conditions, simultaneously converged fields of fluid film thickness, temperature, viscosity and pressure would result, together with oil film forces. A wide range of operating characteristics were studied with results predicting advantages and benefits over conventional hydrodynamic bearings.
Adaptive VPN: Tradeoff between security levels and value-added services in virtual private networks (2004)

An end-to-end virtual private network (VPN) session provides complete privacy and data integrity for enterprise users who access the enterprise network from outside the intranet. However, because packets are encrypted end-to-end from the client to the enterprise VPN gateway, it is not possible for network service providers (NSPs) to provide value-added services to these enterprise VPN users, because such services require visibility into packet headers and application data. A network-based VPN allows a user VPN session to be terminated at an IP service switch (IPSS) within the NSP's network. Another VPN session from the IPSS to the enterprise VPN gateway is used to carry traffic from the IPSS to the enterprise. Because packet headers and application data are visible in the clear at the IPSS, the NSP can provide value-added services. In this paper we discuss a new VPN mechanism — which we call adaptive VPN — that enables enterprises to selectively trade off end-to-end security for value-added services that can be outsourced to an NSP. Adaptive VPN makes it possible for traffic from a specific user to be carried on an end-to-end VPN session and/or a network-based VPN session, based on the network access identifier (NAI) of the user and the application that is being accessed. We also describe the implementation of adaptive VPN in Lucent's VPN security products.
A Highly Efficient Synthesis of <i>Z</i>‐Macrocycles Using Stereoretentive, Ruthenium‐Based Metathesis Catalysts (2017)

Abstract A highly efficient, Z ‐selective ring‐closing metathesis system for the formation of macrocycles using a stereoretentive, ruthenium‐based catalyst supported by a dithiolate ligand is reported. The catalyst is remarkably active as observed in initiation experiments showing complete catalyst initiation at −20 °C within 10 minutes. Macrocyclization reactions generated Z ‐products from easily accessible diene starting materials bearing a Z ‐olefin moiety. This approach provides a more efficient and selective route to Z ‐macrocycles relative to previously reported systems. Reactions were completed within shorter reaction times, and turnover numbers of up to 100 could be achieved. Macrocyclic lactones ranging in size from twelve‐ to seventeen‐membered rings were synthesized in moderate to high yields (67–79 %) with excellent Z ‐selectivity (95–99 %).
Adaptive inverse filters for stereophonic sound reproduction (1990)

A general theoretical basis for the design of adaptive digital filters used for the equalization of the response of multichannel sound reproduction systems is described. The approach is applied to the two-channel case and then extended to deal with arbitrary numbers of channels. The intention is to equalize not only the response of the loudspeakers and the listening room but also the crosstalk transmission from right loudspeaker to left ear and vice versa. The formulation is a generalization of the Atal-Schroeder crosstalk canceler. However, the use of a least-squares approach to the digital filter design and of appropriate modeling delays potentially allows the effective equalization of nonminimum phase components in the transmission path. A stochastic gradient algorithm which facilitates the adaptation of the digital filters to the optimal solution, thereby providing the possibility of designing the filters in situ, is presented. Some experimental results for the two-channel case are given. >
Synthesis and anticancer activities of 6-amino amonafide derivatives (2008)

Amonafide is a DNA intercalator and topoisomerase II inhibitor in clinical development for the treatment of neoplastic diseases. Amonafide contains a free arylamine, which causes it to be metabolized in humans by N-acetyl transferase-2 (NAT2) into a toxic form. To eliminate the NAT2 acetylation of amonafide while retaining the anticancer properties, we have synthesized nine derivatives that are structurally similar to amonafide that should not be acetylated. Eight derivatives have arylamines at the 6-position (vs. 5-position of amonafide) and one derivative completely lacks the arylamine. The derivative with a free amine in the 6-position and one with a substituted amine in the 6-position are not acetylated, whereas amonafide is extensively acetylated as determined by an NAT2 assay. The biological activities of these compounds were evaluated to determine whether they behaved similarly to amonafide in purified systems and in vitro. We found that three compounds had similar cancer cell-selective growth inhibition to amonafide, while retaining similar subcellular localization, DNA intercalation and topoisomerase II inhibition activities. In addition, these compounds were able to eliminate a marker of metastatic potential, the perinucleolar compartment. These three compounds (named numonafides) might thus allow for better patient management than those treated with amonafide; hence, they should be developed further as potential clinical replacements for amonafide or as novel anticancer drugs.
A polarization controller air-core photonic-bandgap fiber (2006)

We investigate the effects of twisting on the birefringence of an air-core fiber and demonstrate the first air-core fiber polarization controller, a simple device consisting of three short twisted fiber sections, with a 20-dB extinction ratio.
Multifunction optoelectronic gate (2015)

ABSTRACT A multifunction optoelectronic gate that can perform as any desired logic gate of two variables was theoretically proposed and a simplified version is experimentally demonstrated. The proposed optoelectronic gate is dynamically configurable, and being wavelength independent, it can act on multiple input optical bits and realize different functions simultaneously. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:969–972, 2015
Video background modeling under impulse noise (2014)

Video background modeling is an important task in many video processing applications. Most existing algorithms assume a Gaussian noise model, but digital videos are, in practice, prone to be degraded by impulse noise, due to transmission errors in wireless or high data-rate wired channels. Principal Component Pursuit (PCP), which also assumes a Gaussian noise model, is currently considered the state of the art for video background modeling. We propose a new PCP-based algorithm that fully integrates the impulse noise model and has computational performance comparable with that of current PCP implementations.
Abstract 2166: In silico identification and biological evaluation of potent small molecule inhibitors targeting GAB1 pleckstrin homology domain (2012)

Abstract The Grb2-associated binder-1 (GAB1) over-expressed in many cancers represents a novel therapeutic target that integrates signals from different systems such as MET and PI3K/Akt pathways. It mediates processes involved in tumor progression and metastasis. In this study we have identified novel inhibitors targeting the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of GAB1 for cancer treatment. To this end, a homology model of GAB1 PH domain was constructed, followed by structural refinement using molecular dynamics. The resulting structure was applied to high-throughput virtual screening of 5 million compounds and 19 hits were selected for experimental evaluation. We found that 6 compounds bound to the PH domain of GAB1 as measured by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, with a KD. Out of these 6 hits, all of them inhibited the HGF-I induced phosphorylation of GAB1 Tyr627 in T47D and inhibited T47D and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines proliferation. Three of them exhibited selective binding to GAB1 PH domain as compared to the PH domain of IRS-1 and AKT. This demonstrates for the first time the identification of novel GAB1 PH domain inhibitors which may be used for targeted breast cancer therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2166. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2166
N-polar GaN epitaxy and high electron mobility transistors (2013)

This paper reviews the progress of N-polar (000 1) GaN high frequency electronics that aims at addressing the device scaling challenges faced by GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) for radio-frequency and mixed-signal applications. Device quality (Al, In, Ga)N materials for N-polar heterostructures are developed using molecular beam epitaxy and metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The principles of polarization engineering for designing N-polar HEMT structures will be outlined. The performance, scaling behavior and challenges of microwave power devices as well as highly-scaled depletion- and enhancement-mode devices employing advanced technologies including self-aligned processes, n+ (In,Ga)N ohmic contact regrowth and high aspect ratio T-gates will be discussed. Recent research results on integrating N-polar GaN with Si for prospective novel applications will also be summarized. © 2013 IOP Publishing Ltd.
Optimal Interstrand Bridges for Collagen-like Biomaterials (2014)

In some natural collagen triple helices, cysteine (Cys) residues on neighboring strands are linked by disulfide bonds, enhancing association and maintaining proper register. Similarly, Cys-Cys disulfide bridges have been used to impose specific associations between collagen-mimetic peptides (CMPs). Screening a library of disulfide linkers in silico for compatibility with collagen identifies the disulfide bridge between proximal homocysteine (Hcy) and Cys as conferring much greater stability than a Cys-Cys bridge, but only when Hcy is installed in the Xaa position of the canonical Xaa-Yaa-Gly repeat and Cys is installed in the Yaa position. Experimental evaluation of CMPs that host alternative thiols validates this design: only Hcy-Cys bridges improve triple-helical structure and stability upon disulfide-bond formation. This privileged linker can enhance CMP-based biomaterials and enable previously inaccessible molecular designs.