gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Al/Ti Schottky barrier diodes with the guard-ring termination for 6H-SiC (2002)

In this report, three important technologies for SiC power devices are studied. One is the isolation technology for a p-n junction utilizing the local oxidation technique. For the second, Al/Ti is investigated as a Schottky metal, in which wet etching and the high temperature annealing are applicable. Finally, we propose a guard-ring structure as the edge termination for Schottky barrier diodes to sustain high voltage. The mesa structure of the guard ring is fabricated by local oxidation. The fabrication results showed that the guard-ring structure has improved the breakdown voltage to as high as p-n junction diodes.
A Trithiol Protio-Ligand and Its Fixation to the Periphery of a Carbosilane Dendrimer as Scaffolds for Polynuclear Rhodium and Iridium Complexes and Metallodendrimers (2005)

Tris(methylenethiol)methane derivatives containing an allyl or benzyl linker (ROCH2C(CH2SH)3; R = Bn(6a), CH2CHCH2(6b)), which could allow their fixation to carbosilane dendrimers, were synthesized through a multistep synthesis. Grafting the periphery of the core dendrimer Si[(CH2)3Si(Me)2H]4 was achieved with the tosyl derivative CH2CHCH2OCH2C(CH2OTs)3 by a hydrosilylation reaction to give selectively Si[(CH2)3Si(Me)2(CH2)3OCH2C(CH2OTs)3]4 (G(0)OTs-12). This dendrimer was converted into the thiol-functionalized carbosilane dendrimer Si[(CH2)3Si(Me)2(CH2)3OCH2C(CH2SH)3]4 (G(0)SH-12) by reduction of the thiocyanate intermediate Si[(CH2)3Si(Me)2(CH2)3OCH2C(CH2SCN)3]4 with LiAlH4. The trithiol compounds 6a and 6b protonated the complexes [Rh(μ-OMe)(cod)]2 and [Rh(acac)diolefin] (M = Rh, diolefin = cod, nbd, tfb) to give the corresponding trinuclear complexes [Rh3{μ-ROCH2c(ch2s)3}(diolefin)3] (7−9). Their structure can be described as an adamantane-like entity, in which the metals are held together by the thiolate arms of the ligand, with the sulfurs bridging the metal atoms in a μ2 fashion, as shown for [Rh3{μ-BnOCH2C(CH2S)3}(nbd)3] by X-ray diffraction methods. Carbonylation of 7−9 under atmospheric pressure gave the carbonyl complexes with the thiolate tripod ligands [M3{μ-ROCH2C(CH2S)3}(CO)6] (M = Rh, Ir), which were reacted with phosphorus donor ligands (PR3 = PPh3, P(OMe)3) to give [M3{μ-ROCH2C(CH2S)3}(CO)3(PR)3] as a sole isomer of averaged C3v symmetry. The functional dendrimers were metalated by reaction of the core molecule Si[(CH2)3Si(Me)2(CH2)3OCH2C(CH2SH)3]4 (G(0)SH-12) by applying the synthetic protocols above-described for trinuclear complexes. Thus, the reactions of G(0)SH-12 with the complexes [M(acac)(diolefin)] (M = Rh, Ir; diolefin = cod, nbd, tfb) gave the metallodendrimers Si[(CH2)3Si(Me)2(CH2)3OCH2C(CH2S)3{M(diolefin)}3]4 (G(0)M(diolefin)-12) as insoluble solids. Soluble metallodendrimers, Si[(CH2)3Si(Me)2(CH2)3OCH2C(CH2S)3{Rh(CO)2}3]4 (G(0)Rh(CO)2-12) and Si[(CH2)3Si(Me)2(CH2)3OCH2C(CH2S)3{M(CO)(PPh3)}3]4 (G(0)M(CO)(PPh3)-12) were obtained either by carbonylation of the diolefin compounds or by the reaction of G(0)SH-12 with [M(acac)(CO)2] (M = Rh, Ir), and by further reaction with PPh3, respectively.
An environment-dependent semi-empirical tight binding model suitable for electron transport in bulk metals, metal alloys, metallic interfaces, and metallic nanostructures. II. Application—Effect of quantum confinement and homogeneous strain on Cu conductance (2014)

The Semi-Empirical tight binding model developed in Part I Hegde et al. [J. Appl. Phys. 115, 123703 (2014)] is applied to metal transport problems of current relevance in Part II. A systematic study of the effect of quantum confinement, transport orientation, and homogeneous strain on electronic transport properties of Cu is carried out. It is found that quantum confinement from bulk to nanowire boundary conditions leads to significant anisotropy in conductance of Cu along different transport orientations. Compressive homogeneous strain is found to reduce resistivity by increasing the density of conducting modes in Cu. The [110] transport orientation in Cu nanowires is found to be the most favorable for mitigating conductivity degradation since it shows least reduction in conductance with confinement and responds most favorably to compressive strain.
Modeling of light scattering by B-cells using a parallel FDTD method (2004)

We have developed a parallel FDTD code to simulate light scattering distribution from B-cells. The 3D internal structure of the B-cell was constructed numerically using images from a confocal microscope and the correlation between cell morphology and distributions of scattered light was established.
Design of network codes for multiple-user multiple-relay wireless networks (2009)

We investigate the design of network codes for multiple-user multiple-relay (MUMR) wireless networks. In the networks, multiple (M ges 2) users have independent information to be transmitted to a common base station (BS), with the help of N (N ges 2) relays. The networks consist of independent quasistatic fading channels. We investigate such networks in terms of outage probabilities (to measure asymptotic performance), and propose network codes with linearly independent global encoding kernels for all possible source-relay channel situations (outage or not) to achieve asymptotic optimality. We compare the performance of proposed finite-field network coding (FFNC) and superposition coding (real-domain network coding) in the relays. The results show that proposed FFNC has better performance than superposition coding in high rate regions.
Photochemistry of compounds adsorbed into cellulose. 1. Decay of excited tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry of compounds adsorbed into cellulose. 1. Decay of excited tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)B. H. Milosavljevic and J. K. ThomasCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1983, 87, 4, 616–621Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100227a019https://doi.org/10.1021/j100227a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views143Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Making Hydrogen from Water Using a Homogeneous System Without Noble Metals (2009)

A photocatalytic noble metal-free system for the generation of hydrogen has been constructed using Eosin Y (1) as a photosensitizer, the complex [Co(dmgH)(2)pyCl](2+) (5, dmgH = dimethylglyoximate, py = pyridine) as a molecular catalyst, and triethanolamine (TEOA) as a sacrificial reducing agent. The system produces H(2) with an initial rate of approximately 100 turnovers per hour upon irradiation with visible light (lambda > 450 nm). Addition of free dmgH(2) greatly increases the durability of the system addition of 12 equiv of dmgH(2) (vs cobalt) to the system produces approximately 900 turnovers of H(2) after 14 h of irradiation. The rate of H(2) evolution is maximum at pH = 7 and decreases sharply at more acidic or basic pH. Spectroscopic study of photolysis solutions suggests that hydrogen production occurs through protonation of a Co(I) species to give a Co(III) hydride, which then reacts further by reduction and protolysis to give Co(II) and molecular hydrogen.
Deep learning based detection and localization of road accidents from traffic surveillance videos (2021)

Real-world traffic surveillance videos need continuous supervision to monitor and take appropriate actions in case of fatal accidents. However, continuously monitoring them with human supervision is error prone and tedious. Therefore, a deep learning approach for automatic detection and localization of road accidents has been proposed by formulating the problem as anomaly detection. The method follows one-class classification approach and applies spatio-temporal autoencoder and sequence-to-sequence long short-term memory autoencoder for modeling spatial and temporal representations in the video. The model is executed on a real-world video traffic surveillance datasets and significant results have been achieved both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Monoclonal antibodies for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2013)

The current use of omalizumab in asthma provides a good example on the potential therapeutic role of monoclonal antibodies in both asthma and COPD. There are many other monoclonal antibodies which are currently investigated as possible therapies in these diseases. The identification of the disease subsets in which such antibodies might exert the maximum benefit opens the door for personalized medicine and for targeted biological therapy in asthma and COPD.
ODICIS (One Display for a Cockpit Interactive Solution) - Final public progress report (2012)

The ODICIS project aims at developing a single display cockpit associated with adequate means of interaction. This addresses three current major aeronautics needs: the system architecture flexibility, the useful surface optimisation and the information continuity. Therefore the project will improve the operational safety and efficiency while reducing the aircraft development cost. The first objective is to prove the technical feasibility of an avionics large seamless display, which can possibly be curved. This involves optical but also graphic generation challenges. The design of the display must take into account as much as possible user wishes and aircraft possibilities. Once the display is available, the proper means of interaction must be defined and implemented. At this point, a complete technological mock-up of a single display cockpit will be available. Meanwhile, the concepts of use, that stimulated the idea of a single display cockpit, will be reviewed, deepened and tested on the mock-up. Human factors evaluations will seek to ascertain the safety and efficiency gains produced by this novel cockpit concept based on use of a single display.
Swelling behavior of cotton fibers in morpholine and piperidine (1978)

Solution properties (conductivity and refractometry) of aqueous solutions of morpholine and piperidine as well as their aqueous mixtures with model compounds (glucose, cellobiose, xylose, and cellobiose octaacetate) in varying molar ratios were studied. The possible mechanism of the unique swelling action of morpholine on cotton cellulose and the total inaction of piperidine was investigated. It was shown that the solubility parameter (δ) may not fully indicate the swelling ability of a reagent, but the H-bonding portion (δH) and polar part (δp) of δ are of importance. Morpholine possesses a higher value of δH + δp than does piperidine; hence it is a powerful swelling agent for cellulose. It produces over 200% swelling at the interfibrillar level and has the ability to decrystallize cellulose under certain favorable conditions.
A highly miniaturized vacuum package for a trapped ion atomic clock (2016)

We report on the development of a highly miniaturized vacuum package for use in an atomic clock utilizing trapped ytterbium-171 ions. The vacuum package is approximately 1 cm(3) in size and contains a linear quadrupole RF Paul ion trap, miniature neutral Yb sources, and a non-evaporable getter pump. We describe the fabrication process for making the Yb sources and assembling the vacuum package. To prepare the vacuum package for ion trapping, it was evacuated, baked at a high temperature, and then back filled with a helium buffer gas. Once appropriate vacuum conditions were achieved in the package, it was sealed with a copper pinch-off and was subsequently pumped only by the non-evaporable getter. We demonstrated ion trapping in this vacuum package and the operation of an atomic clock, stabilizing a local oscillator to the 12.6 GHz hyperfine transition of (171)Y b(+). The fractional frequency stability of the clock was measured to be 2 × 10(-11)/τ(1/2).
Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes (2010)

In addition to weight gain, higher consumption of SSBs is associated with development of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. These data provide empirical evidence that intake of SSBs should be limited to reduce obesity-related risk of chronic metabolic diseases.
<i>P</i> Wave Arrival Picking and First‐Motion Polarity Determination With Deep Learning (2018)

Abstract Determining earthquake hypocenters and focal mechanisms requires precisely measured P wave arrival times and first‐motion polarities. Automated algorithms for estimating these quantities have been less accurate than estimates by human experts, which are problematic for processing large data volumes. Here we train convolutional neural networks to measure both quantities, which learn directly from seismograms without the need for feature extraction. The networks are trained on 18.2 million manually picked seismograms for the Southern California region. Through cross validation on 1.2 million independent seismograms, the differences between the automated and manual picks have a standard deviation of 0.023 s. The polarities determined by the classifier have a precision of 95% when compared with analyst‐determined polarities. We show that the classifier picks more polarities overall than the analysts, without sacrificing quality, resulting in almost double the number of focal mechanisms. The remarkable precision of the trained networks indicates that they can perform as well, or better, than expert seismologists.
Mass balance, pharmacokinetics and metabolism of the selective S1P<sub>1</sub>receptor modulator ponesimod in humans (2014)

1. Ponesimod [(R)-5-[3-chloro-4-(-2,3-dihydroxy-propoxy)-benzylidene]-2-propylimino-3-o-tolyl-thiazolidin-4-one] is an orally administered, selective S1P1 receptor modulator that blocks the egress of lymphocytes from lymphoid organs and reduces the availability of circulating effector T/B-cells. 2. The mass balance, pharmacokinetics and metabolism of 40 mg (14)C-ponesimod were investigated in six healthy male subjects. The total radioactivity in whole blood, plasma, urine, faeces and expired CO2 was determined by liquid scintillation counting. Metabolite profiling was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography and detection by mass spectrometry. 3. The majority of the radioactivity (% of administered dose) was recovered in faeces (57.3-79.6%), followed by urine (10.3-18.4%) and a small proportion in CO2 from expired air (0.6-1.9%). The average cumulative recovery (mass balance) of (14)C-associated radioactivity in faeces and urine was 77.9% of the administered dose. Unchanged ponesimod made up 25.9% of total radioactivity in faeces; none was detected in urine. Ponesimod was extensively metabolised and two pharmacologically inactive metabolites, M12 (ACT-204426) and M13 (ACT-338375), were detected in the circulation. M12 corresponded to 8.1% and M13 to 25.7% of the total drug-related radioactive exposure (AUC0-∞) in plasma. M12 was highly abundant in faeces (22.3% of total radioactivity) and to a smaller extent in urine (2.5% of total radioactivity).
Conjugated polymers containing phenothiazine moieties in the main chain (2006)

Abstract Several conjugated polymers containing phenothiazine moieties in the main chain were synthesized by Knovenagel or Wittig condensations. The polymers were identified and characterized by 1 H‐NMR, IR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), UV‐vis and fluorescent (FL) spectra. Results indicated that the m ‐polymer, which was prepared from the polycondensation of N ‐octyl‐3,7‐diformylphenothiazine with m ‐phenylene diacetonitrile, is the most thermally stable one in all the polymers synthesized. While, the p ‐polymer, which was prepared from the polycondensation of N ‐octyl‐3,7‐diformylphenothiazine with p ‐phenylene diacetonitrile, is the most thermally instable one. The introduction of a cyano group made the absorption and emissive maxima red‐shift from 429 and 537 nm for the Ph‐polymer to 465 and 597 nm for the p ‐polymer respectively. The quinoid structure formation allows the p ‐polymer to have a lower band gap than any other polymers. Emissive spectra of all these polymers in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution have a narrow half‐peak width. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunction in Animal Models of Parkinson's Disease (2011)

Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction is a common non-motor symptom associated with synucleinopathies such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Several recent clinical studies indicate that cardiovascular autonomic impairments including orthostatic hypotension and sympathetic denervation may precede the development of the cardinal motor symptoms in PD, making cardiovascular dysfunction an attractive target for the development of biomarkers for early detection and potential neuroprotective strategies for PD. However, the pathologic mechanisms underlying cardiovascular dysfunction as well as many of the non-motor symptoms in PD remain unknown. This is likely due, in part, to an initial under-appreciation of PD as a systemic disorder as well as limited research in cardiovascular dysfunction in animal models of PD. Here, we highlight studies that have investigated cardiovascular dysfunction in rodent models of PD and the potential usefulness of genetic mouse models of PD for this endeavor.
Performance Evaluation of Consumer Decision Support Systems (2006)

Consumer decision support systems (CDSSs) help online users make purchasing decisions in e-commerce Web sites. To more effectively compare the usefulness of the various functionalities and interface features of such systems, we have developed a simulation environment for decision tasks of any scale and structure. Furthermore, we have identified three criteria in an evaluation framework for assessing the quality of such CDSSs: users’ cognitive effort, preference expression effort, and decision accuracy. A set of experiments carried out in such simulation environments showed that most CDSSs employed in current e-commerce Web sites are suboptimal. On the other hand, a hybrid decision strategy based on four existing ones was found to be more effective. The interface improvements based on the new strategy correspond to some of the advanced tools already developed in the research field. This result is therefore consistent with our earlier work on evaluating CDSSs with real users. That is, some advanced tools do produce more accurate decisions while requiring a comparable amount of user effort. However, the simulation environment will enable us to efficiently compare more advanced tools among themselves, and indicate further opportunities for functionality and interface improvements.
Viruses and bacteria in acute asthma exacerbations – A GA<sup>2</sup>LEN‐DARE* systematic review (2010)

A major part of the burden of asthma is caused by acute exacerbations. Exacerbations have been strongly and consistently associated with respiratory infections. Respiratory viruses and bacteria are therefore possible treatment targets. To have a reasonable estimate of the burden of disease induced by such infectious agents on asthmatic patients, it is necessary to understand their nature and be able to identify them in clinical samples by employing accurate and sensitive methodologies. This systematic review summarizes current knowledge and developments in infection epidemiology of acute asthma in children and adults, describing the known impact for each individual agent and highlighting knowledge gaps. Among infectious agents, human rhinoviruses are the most prevalent in regard to asthma exacerbations. The newly identified type-C rhinoviruses may prove to be particularly relevant. Respiratory syncytial virus and metapneumovirus are important in infants, while influenza viruses seem to induce severe exacerbations mostly in adults. Other agents are relatively less or not clearly associated. Mycoplasma and Chlamydophila pneumoniae seem to be involved more with asthma persistence rather than with disease exacerbations. Recent data suggest that common bacteria may also be involved, but this should be confirmed. Although current information is considerable, improvements in detection methodologies, as well as the wide variation in respect to location, time and populations, underline the need for additional studies that should also take into account interacting factors.
Toward Homogeneous Erythropoietin: Fine Tuning of the C-Terminal Acyl Donor in the Chemical Synthesis of the Cys<sup>29</sup>−Gly<sup>77</sup> Glycopeptide Domain (2009)

Described herein is the chemical synthesis of the Cys(29)-Gly(77) glycopeptide domain (22) of erythropoietin. Our initial ligation strategy targeted a C --> N termini condensation between glycopeptide 3 and peptide 4. However, the reaction was hindered by the "unattainable" reactivity, mismatched polarity, and severe aggregation of the (glyco)peptide substrates. In contrast, by tuning the C-terminal acyl donor and using smaller peptide fragments, the Cys(29)-Gly(77) glycopeptide domain of erythropoietin was prepared through unconventional N --> C termini condensation reactions. The use of a p-cyanonitrophenyl ester and the development of a masked thiophenyl ester as acyl donors enabled us to promptly access glycopeptides bearing complex carbohydrates and offer potential synthetic applications beyond our current work.