gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Beneficial effect of botulinum toxin A on Raynaud's phenomenon in Japanese patients with systemic sclerosis: A prospective, case series study (2015)

Currently, there is no satisfactory treatment for Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Recently, it has been reported that botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) injection was effective for the treatment of RP in SSc patients. The objective was to assess the efficacy and safety of BTX-A on RP in Japanese SSc patients. In the prospective, case series study, 10 Japanese SSc patients with RP received 10 U of BTX-A injections into the hand. The change in severity of RP, including the frequency of attacks/pain, color changes, duration time of RP and the severity of pain, was assessed by Raynaud's score and pain visual analog scale (VAS) at each visit during 16 weeks. The recovery of skin temperature 20 min after cold water stimulation was examined by thermography at baseline and 4 weeks after injection. The number of digital ulcers (DU) and adverse effects were assessed at each visit. BTX-A injection decreased Raynaud's score and pain VAS from 2 weeks after injection, and the suppressive effect was continued until 16 weeks after injection. Skin temperature recovery after cold water stimulation at 4 weeks after injection was significantly enhanced compared with that before injection. All DU in five patients were healed within 12 weeks after injection. Neither systemic nor local adverse effects were observed in all cases. We conclude that BTX-A injection significantly improved the activity of RP in SSc patients without any adverse events, suggesting that BTX-A may have possible long-term preventive and therapeutic potentials for RP in Japanese SSc patients.
Graft force-setting technique in reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (1990)

The objective of this work was to present a method for controlling the mechanical state of the knee during graft fixation in an ACL reconstruction; that is, adjusting the unloaded length of the graft at the time of fixation so that the force-carrying characteristics of the graft match that of the intact ACL, when the normal and reconstructed knees are subjected to the same external load. To demonstrate the new method, an experimental knee testing system was used to measure ligament and graft forces with buckle transducers, as external loads were applied to five fresh knee specimens with a pneumatic load apparatus. ACL and collateral ligament force data were collected as anteriorly directed loads of 90 N (20 pounds) were applied at 0 degrees, 30 degrees, 60 degrees, and 90 degrees of flexion in the normal intact knee and the same knee following ACL excision. A composite graft was prepared, consisting of distally based semitendinosus and gracilis autogenous tissue augmented with the Kennedy Ligament Augmentation Device. Femoral fixation was obtained using a fixation plug that was inserted through the lateral femoral condyle. With a 90 N anterior tibial load applied at 30 degrees of flexion and a single buckle transducer measuring the total composite graft force, the graft length was varied using the fixation plug until the force matched that seen by the intact ACL under the same loading condition. The graft was then clamped in the fixation plug and the anterior load sequence at the four flexion angles was applied to this reconstructed knee state.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Method to investigate temporal dynamics of ganglion and other retinal cells in the living human eye (2018)

The inner retina is critical for visual processing, but much remains unknown about its neural circuitry and vulnerability to disease. A major bottleneck has been our inability to observe the structure and function of the cells composing these retinal layers in the living human eye. Here, we present a noninvasive method to observe both structural and functional information. Adaptive optics optical coherence tomography (AO-OCT) is used to resolve the inner retinal cells in all three dimensions and novel post processing algorithms are applied to extract structure and physiology down to the cellular level. AO-OCT captured the 3D mosaic of individual ganglion cell somas, retinal nerve fiber bundles of micron caliber, and microglial cells, all in exquisite detail. Time correlation analysis of the AO-OCT videos revealed notable temporal differences between the principal layers of the inner retina. The GC layer was more dynamic than the nerve fiber and inner plexiform layers. At the cellular level, we applied a customized correlation method to individual GCL somas, and found a mean time constant of activity of 0.57 s and spread of ±0.1 s suggesting a range of physiological dynamics even in the same cell type. Extending our method to slower dynamics (from minutes to one year), time-lapse imaging and temporal speckle contrast revealed appendage and soma motion of resting microglial cells at the retinal surface.
Heterologous expression of Pycnoporus cinnabarinus cellobiose dehydrogenase in Pichia pastoris and involvement in saccharification processes (2011)

We demonstrate that CDH offers an attractive tool for saccharification process enhancement due to gluconic acid production from raw lignocellulosic material.
Human Serum Albumin and the p53-Derived Peptide Fusion Protein Promotes Cytotoxicity Irrespective of p53 Status in Cancer Cells (2018)

Human serum albumin (HSA) fusion protein is a viable and effective approach to target and inhibit essential intracellular pathways. It has previously been shown that an HSA fusion protein containing a p53-reactivating peptide (rHSA-p53i) retains the binding activity to MDM2 and MDMX, resulting in p53 transcription-dependent apoptosis. Here, we demonstrate that rHSA-p53i is able to bind and neutralize anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins, Bcl-xL and Mcl-1. This interaction displaces pro-apoptotic Bak and subsequently leads to intrinsic apoptosis via mimicking a p53 transcription-independent pathway. Cytotoxicity induced by rHSA-p53i, via p53 transcription dependent and independent apoptotic pathways, is irrespective of the p53 status in MDA-MB-231, HeLa, and SJSA-1 cells possessing either mutant, deficient, or wild-type p53. The therapeutic potential is also confirmed by treating SJSA-1 and MDA-MB-231 xenograft mouse tumors with rHSA-p53i. These data reveal that rHSA-p53i interferes with at least four intracellular targets, making it a viable therapeutic protein for the treatment of a variety of cancers, as well as a carrier to deliver fatty acid-modified chemotherapeutics.
A 9-psec differential lens-less digital-to-impulse radiator with a programmable delay line in silicon (2014)

In this paper, a lens-less digital-to-impulse radiator is implemented that radiates impulses with EIRP of 10dBm and a record pulse-width of shorter than 9psec using an on-chip differential inverted cone antenna. It is shown that the starting time of the radiated impulses can be locked to the edge of the input trigger with high timing accuracy. A digitally programmable delay line is implemented and used at the input of the radiator. The delay line has a resolution step of 150fs and a dynamic range of 400ps. It is shown that by programming the delay line, the starting time of the radiated impulses in the air can be controlled.
Development of Enzyme Immunoassays for the Detection of Pyrethroid Insecticides (1995)

Abstract Three monoclonal antibodies (mab) for the determination of the pyrethroid insecticide allethrin were generated using a trans-permethric acid-bovine serum albumin conjugate as immunogen. Spleen cells of immunized BALB/c mice were fused with myeloma cells applying polyethylene glycol. Hybridoma cells were selected by HAT selection and screened for cell lines producing mab. Three stable cell lines could be isolated for further characterization and development of an indirect competitive enzyme immunoassay. The mab 3/B4-1/F8 showed a preference for S-bioallethrin, the most efficient insecticidal isomer of allethrin. The detection range lay between 1 μg/L and 250 μg/L; 50 % inhibition occurred at 46 μg/L. Cross-reactivities were 43 % for the natural pyrethrins. The mab 1/E2-5/B5 and 1/A5-7/C10 preferred bioallethrin, which is a mixture of two allethrin enantiomers. 50 % inhibition was found at 60 μg/L or 54 μg/L, respectively. The tests ranged from 9 μg/L to 170 μg/L (1/E2-5/B5) and from 6 μg/L to 160 μg/L (1/A5-7/C10). Cross-reactivities occurred for phenothrin, resmethrin and bioresmethrin.
Tissue bioreactor system for the creation and maturation of organized functional muscle (2006)

As a first step toward the development of clinically applicable functional muscle tissues we investigated whether organized functional muscle tissue could be engineered in a three‐dimensional bioreactor system. Human skeletal muscle precursor cells (MPCs) were isolated, grown and expanded in culture, and seeded onto collagen‐based muscle scaffolds for two days of static culture. Subsequently, MPC‐seeded scaffolds were placed in the bioreactor system and subjected to cyclic strain of ±10% of the initial scaffold length at a frequency of 3 times/minute for the first 5 minutes of every hour, for up to 3 weeks; MPC‐seeded scaffolds without cyclic stimulation served as controls. The resulting engineered tissue was assessed for structural and functional parameters using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), histo‐ and immunohistochemistry, and physiologic studies. SEM of engineered muscle tissue showed a uniform attachment of muscle cells on the scaffold surface with unidirectional orientation within 5 days and continued to mature with time. Multinucleated myofibrils were evident and cells expressed muscle markers and produced extracellular matrices over time. Control scaffolds showed disorganized muscle cells without any directional orientation. Engineered muscle exhibited a reproducible contractile response to KCl‐induced depolarization (p<0.05), while control scaffolds displayed no detectable contraction. This study demonstrates that an organized functional muscle tissue can be engineered using a unidirectional tissue bioreactor system.
New drug therapy of amyloidoses: resorption of AL-type deposits with 4'- iodo-4'-deoxydoxorubicin (1995)

Amyloidosis caused by monoclonal Ig light chains (AL) is characterized by the tissue deposition of paraproteins as insoluble fibrils that leads to organ dysfunction and death. After serendipitous observation of its efficacy, the new anthracycline 4'-iodo-4'-deoxydoxorubicin (I-DOX) was evaluated in eight patients with biopsy-proven AL and symptomatic organ involvement who received 1 to 6 administrations of I-DOX at dosages of 15 to 100 mg/m2. Five patients showed substantial clinical improvement concomitant with instrumental and physical evidence of response, and three patients presented objective evidence of amyloid resorption. The effects of I-DOX on amyloid deposits were not associated with cytotoxicity to the amyloidogenic clone. Five patients died of disease-related complications at 4 to 36 months; the remaining three are alive 29, 35, and 44 months after starting treatment. I-DOX caused short-lived granulocytopenia and minimal extra-hematologic side effects. The pharmacokinetics of I-DOX presented features exploitable for diagnosis in amyloidotic patients and documented the active metabolite in the cerebrospinal fluid. We conclude that I-DOX represents an important treatment option for subjects with AL amyloidosis and could be the prototype of a new class of drugs that interfere with and reverse the process of all types of amyloid deposition.
SecureMed: Secure Medical Computation Using GPU-Accelerated Homomorphic Encryption Scheme (2017)

Sharing the medical records of individuals among healthcare providers and researchers around the world can accelerate advances in medical research. While the idea seems increasingly practical due to cloud data services, maintaining patient privacy is of paramount importance. Standard encryption algorithms help protect sensitive data from outside attackers but they cannot be used to compute on this sensitive data while being encrypted. Homomorphic Encryption presents a very useful tool that can compute on encrypted data without the need to decrypt it. In this paper, we describe an optimized NTRU-based implementation of the GSW homomorphic encryption scheme. Our results show a factor of 58 × improvement in CPU performance compared to other recent work on encrypted medical data under the same security settings. Our system is built to be easily portable to GPUs resulting in an additional speedup of up to a factor of 104 × (and 410 ×) to offer an overall speedup of 6085 × (and 24011 ×) using a single GPU (or four GPUs), respectively.
Factors Controlling the Membrane Efficiency of Shales When Interacting With Water-Based and Oil-Based Muds (2008)

Summary This paper presents a comprehensive set of experimental data for the membrane efficiency of four shales when interacting with different water-based and oil-based muds. Pressure transmission tests were used to measure the membrane efficiency using three different cations and two different anions at different concentrations (water activities). It was found that the measured membrane efficiencies of shales, when exposed to salt solutions, were low—ranging from 0.18% to 4.23%. Useful correlations are presented between the membrane efficiency and other shale properties. Results suggest that the membrane efficiency of shales is directly proportional to the ratio of the cation exchange capacity and permeability of shales. Higher cation exchange capacities and lower permeabilities correlate very well with higher membrane efficiencies. Moreover, the ratio of the hydrated solute (ion) size to shale pore throat determines a shale's ability to restrict solutes from entering the pore space and controls its membrane efficiency. Cations and anions with large hydrated radii yielded higher membrane efficiencies, compared to ions with small hydrated diameters. Thus, the formulation of drilling fluids must take into account the types of cation and anion in the water-based fluid. It was also found that the membrane efficiency of oil-based muds was high, however, these membrane efficiencies were not 100 % as postulated by many researchers.
Obfuscating document stylometry to preserve author anonymity (2006)

This paper explores techniques for reducing the effectiveness of standard authorship attribution techniques so that an author A can preserve anonymity for a particular document D. We discuss feature selection and adjustment and show how this information can be fed back to the author to create a new document D' for which the calculated attribution moves away from A. Since it can be labor intensive to adjust the document in this fashion, we attempt to quantify the amount of effort required to produce the anonymized document and introduce two levels of anonymization: shallow and deep. In our test set, we show that shallow anonymization can be achieved by making 14 changes per 1000 words to reduce the likelihood of identifying A as the author by an average of more than 83%. For deep anonymization, we adapt the unmasking work of Koppel and Schler to provide feedback that allows the author to choose the level of anonymization.
Spectral filtering for high-energy mode-locking in normal dispersion fiber lasers (2008)

We present a theoretical description of the generation of ultrashort, high-energy pulses in an all-normal dispersion laser cavity with spectral filtering. A reduced variational model based upon the Haus master mode-locking equations with quintic saturation is shown to characterize the experimentally observed dynamics. Critical in driving the intracavity dynamics is the nontrivial phase profiles generated and their periodic modification from the spectral filter. The theory gives a simple geometrical description of the intracavity dynamics and possible operation modes of the laser cavity. Further, it provides a simple and efficient method for optimizing the laser cavity performance.
Development of a Novel Immunoaffinity Column for Aflatoxin Analysis Using an Organic Solvent-Tolerant Monoclonal Antibody (2009)

An organic solvent-tolerant monoclonal antibody specific to aflatoxins B(1), B(2), G(1), G(2), and M(1) (AFB(1), AFB(2), AFG(1), AFG(2), and AFM(1)) was prepared. In an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) values were 1.9, 2.1, 2.1, 2.4, and 2.8 ng/mL for AFB(1), AFB(2), AFG(1), AFG(2), and AFM(1), respectively. Antibody reactivity was retained at 40% methanol concentration or at acetonitrile concentrations up to 40%. An immunoaffinity column (IAC) was prepared using agarose gel beads with bound antibody. The IAC retained the tested AFs that were 89, 90, 95, 90, and 89% for AFB(1), AFB(2), AFG(1), AFG(2), and AFM(1) at 20% acetonitrile concentrations or that were 81, 87, 79, and 83% for AFB(1), AFB(2), AFG(1), and AFG(2) at 60% methanol concentrations. Roasted peanuts and seven kinds of spices were spiked with 8.0, 1.0, 6.0, and 1.0 ng for AFB(1), AFB(2), AFG(1), and AFG(2) per 1 g sample and extracted with 90% acetonitrile. The roasted peanuts and cayenne pepper out of the spices were also extracted with 70% methanol. The extracts were diluted 5-fold with phosphate-buffered saline and applied to the IAC. The spiked aflatoxins were recovered with satisfactory rates: 78 (RSD, 2.1%) to 127% (RSD, 1.7%). The developed IAC was used for the analysis of aflatoxins in naturally contaminated samples of roasted peanuts and cayenne pepper. The newly developed IAC showed substantially organic solvent tolerance at the concentration that could not be used for existing IACs, and the column showed good ability to clean up samples for food analysis.
The Origin of Solvent‐Controlled Supramolecular Chirality Switching in a Bis(Zinc Porphyrin) System (2003)

Inducing chirality: The supramolecular interaction of achiral bis(zinc porphyrin) with enantiopure amino acid derivatives in different solvents results in chirality induction. The sign and degree of the circular dichroims is controlled by the solvent polarity (see picture). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2003/z52493_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
<title>Gamuts of input and output color imaging media</title> (2000)

The color gamuts of color imaging media are important parameters in the reproduction of color images between them and their assumed magnitudes directly influence the degree to which colors are modified. In spite of this, the determination of gamut boundaries is often done in a way that ignores some basic implications that follow from the definition of color gamuts. This is partly due to the fact that some of these implications are not understood and partly due to the fact that if they are understood their magnitude is underestimated. Hence, the approach that is taken in this paper is to first discuss the theoretical implications of what color gamuts are and subsequently to illustrate them by experimental means..
Development of a two-dimensional phase-grating mask for fabrication of an analog-resist profile (2006)

Fabrication of a thick analog profile with photoresist is a difficult task in photolithography. We demonstrate that a binary phase-grating photomask with an appropriate period and duty cycles is capable of manipulating the exposure illumination in an analog fashion and can be used for fabrication of the desired analog micro-optics profiles on the surface of a thick photoresist. By choosing the proper period and variation of duty cycle of the phase-grating mask, one can create the desired analog intensity of exposure illumination for an optical stepper. This allows the formation of a wide range of analog micro-optics profiles with an SPR 220-7 photoresist. The numerical convolution of the diffraction efficiency curve and resist exposure characteristics is used to predict the final resist profile and also to design the appropriate duty-cycle distribution for the binary phase grating. As a demonstration of this technology, we fabricated a variety of micro-optical elements, such as a positive lens, ring lens, prism, and vortex of approximately 100-200 microm diameter, by using a phase-grating mask fabricated in a poly(methyl methacrylate) electron-beam resist.
Discovery of VU0409551/JNJ-46778212: An mGlu<sub>5</sub> Positive Allosteric Modulator Clinical Candidate Targeting Schizophrenia (2015)

Herein, we report the structure-activity relationship of a novel series of (2(phenoxymethyl)-6,7-dihydrooxazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-yl(aryl)methanones as potent, selective, and orally bioavailable metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGlu5) positive allosteric modulators (PAMs). On the basis of its robust in vitro potency and in vivo efficacy in multiple preclinical models of multiple domains of schizophrenia, coupled with a good DMPK profile and an acceptable therapeutic window, 17a (VU0409551/JNJ-46778212) was selected as a candidate for further development.
Field Deployment of an Innovative Acoustic Monitoring System for Remote Real-time Pipeline Asset Integrity (2014)

Abstract Real-time monitoring of pipeline integrity is a key factor for the environmental sustainability of oil & gas industry. eni launched in 2009 an R&D project for developing a real-time technology based upon vibroacoustic sensing. In principle any interaction with a pipe filled with gas or liquid generates pressure waves that are guided within the fluid for long distances, carrying information on the source event. Among these events, leaks (due to corrosion, incidents, theft, etc.) are the ones where real-time monitoring has a paramount value. Starting from 2010, acquisition campaigns in controlled scenarios were carried out and a validation of the mathematical models of pressure wave's propagation in fluid filled pipes was performed. More recently, background noise removal algorithms have been developed to further increase the sensitivity of the system in terms of decreased leak size and false alarm rate. In late 2013 the technology fulfilled the technology innovation qualification system of eni. Since 2007, NAOC (eni's Nigerian affiliate) has registered a significant increase of oil spill events due to sabotage and oil theft activities. The situation that has arisen posed such risks for the safety of people and for the protection of the environment, that it has been decided to investigate new detection and monitoring systems. In fact, monitoring of the pipelines with other real-time systems which require the presence of sensors all along the pipes (for instance fiber optics technologies) are neither difficult nor economic to implement in the Nigerian existing pipelines. The innovative technology presented here overcomes this weakness, by allowing detecting and locating leaks taking place up to a distance of 35 km from the sensors.