gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coherence analysis between respiration and heart rate variability using continuous wavelet transform (2009)

The continuous wavelet transform (CWT) is specifically efficient in the analysis of transient and non-stationary signals. As such, it has become a powerful candidate for time-frequency analysis of cardiovascular variability. CWT has already been established as a valid tool for the analysis of single cardiovascular signals, providing additional insights into the autonomous nervous system (ANS) activity and its control mechanism. Intercorrelation between cardiovascular signals elucidates the function of ANS central control and the peripheral reflex mechanisms. Wavelet transform coherence (WTC) can provide insight into the transient linear order of the regulatory mechanisms, via the computation of time-frequency maps of the time-variant coherence. This paper presents a framework for applying WTC for quantitative analysis of coherence in cardiovascular variability research. Computer simulations were performed to estimate the accuracy of the WTC estimates and a method for determining the coherence threshold for specific frequency band was developed and evaluated. Finally, we demonstrated, in two representative situations, the dynamic behaviour of respiration sinus arrhythmia through the analysis of the WTC between heart rate and respiration signals. This emphasizes that CWT and its application to WTC is a useful tool for dynamic analysis of cardiovascular variability.
Spectral Fingerprints of Bacterial Strains by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (2004)

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is used to record the plasma emission for the colonies of vegetative cells or spores of five bacterial strains: Bacillus thuringiensis T34, Escherichia coli IHII/pHT315, Bacillus subtilis 168, Bacillus megaterium QM B1551, and Bacillus megaterium PV361. The major inorganic components of the bacterial samples, including Ca, Mn, K, Na, Fe, and phosphate, are clearly identified from the breakdown emission spectra. The bacterial spores accumulate a lot of calcium that shows strong LIBS emission at 393.7 and 396.9 nm. The diverse emissions from the phosphate component at 588.1 and 588.7 nm provide a fingerprint for bacterial strains. The relative change of inclusions in the bacteria is clearly distinguished by two-dimensional charts of the bacterial components. The results demonstrate the potential of the LIBS method for the rapid and low false-positive classification of bacteria with minimum sample preparation.
Ride comfort in commercial aircraft during formation flight using conventional flight control (2016)

This paper presents the simulation and evaluation of ride comfort in large commercial airliners flying in formation using conventional fly-by-wire flight control systems. The ride comfort in formation aircraft is influenced by disturbance loads due to turbulence and the trailing vortex of a leader aircraft as well as by compensatory control inputs produced by the pilot and flight control laws. A conventional Boeing B747-100 simulation model is augmented with formation flight effects and a fly-by-wire flight control model. Simulation results of the accelerations experienced at different locations in the trailing aircraft are presented, along with an analysis and evaluation of the associated effects of vibrations on comfort and motion sickness incidence. It was concluded that the vibration magnitudes do not differ much between aircraft in isolated flight and formation flight under the same conditions. For both aircraft, a seating location at the front of the aircraft is more comfortable than one at the back of the aircraft.
Reporter gene imaging of targeted T cell immunotherapy in recurrent glioma (2017)

High-grade gliomas are aggressive cancers that often become rapidly fatal. Immunotherapy using CD8<sup>+</sup> cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), engineered to express both herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (HSV1-TK) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) zetakine chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), is a treatment strategy with considerable potential. To optimize this and related immunotherapies, it would be helpful to monitor CTL viability and trafficking to glioma cells. We show that noninvasive positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with 9-[4-[<sup>18</sup>F]fluoro-3-(hydroxymethyl)butyl]guanine ([<sup>18</sup>F]FHBG) can track HSV1-tk reporter gene expression present in CAR-engineered CTLs. [<sup>18</sup>F]FHBG imaging was safe and enabled the longitudinal imaging of T cells stably transfected with a PET reporter gene in patients. Further optimization of this imaging approach for monitoring in vivo cell trafficking should greatly benefit various cell-based therapies for cancer.
Hepcidin and its role in inflammatory bowel disease. (2013)

Anemia is one of the most common extraintestinal symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The pathophysiology of anemia in IBD is complex. It may be developed in the course of inflammation, intestinal bleeding or disorders of iron absorption. Hepcidin, discovered in the year 2000, is an endogenous peptide responsible for iron homeostasis. Recent data suggests that hepcidin is a major mediator of anemia and plays a central role in iron homeostasis and metabolism. This paper presents information about hepcidin structure and function, mechanisms of the regulation of the synthesis and current data about the role of this hormone in IBD-related anemia. Assessment of hepcidin levels in patients with IBD may become a key element in the treatment of anemia in the near future.
Exploring plasma stability and confinement with high resolution density measurements on the ZaP-HD Flow Z-Pinch (2016)

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2016-10
Anti-moesin antibodies derived from patients with aplastic anemia stimulate monocytic cells to secrete TNF-  through an ERK1/2-dependent pathway (2009)

Antibodies specific to moesin, which are frequently detectable in the serum of patients with aplastic anemia (AA), can induce tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) secretion from monocytes and a human monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1. We investigated the mechanisms responsible for TNF-alpha secretion from monocytic cells induced by the auto-antibodies that are purified from the sera of AA patients. TNF-alpha induction by anti-moesin antibodies depended on the amount of cell surface moesin expressed by THP-1 cells. F(ab')(2) fragments prepared from the anti-moesin antibodies were able to stimulate THP-1 cells to secrete TNF-alpha and this stimulatory effect was enhanced by cross-linking of moesins with anti-human IgG F(ab')(2) fragment antibodies. Anti-moesin antibodies as well as their F(ab')(2) fragments induced the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in monocytic cells and this effect was suppressed by the addition of an ERK1/2 inhibitor. Moreover, anti-moesin antibody treatment induced the phosphorylation of moesin proteins in the monocytes and THP-1 cells within 30 min. These results indicate that anti-moesin antibodies induce TNF-alpha secretion from monocytes through the activation of the ERK1/2 pathway provoked by direct binding to moesin on the cells.
New Process Concepts for CO2 Capture based on Precipitating Amino Acids (2013)

This work summarises the results of the design of novel separation processes for CO2 removal from flue gas based on precipitating amino acid solvents. The processes here described (DECAB, DECAB Plus and pH-swing) use a combination of enhanced CO2 absorption (based on the Le Chatelier's principle) and / or enhanced CO2 desorption (based on pH-shift), which contribute substantially to the reduction of regeneration energy. An evaluation of these processes has been developed based on literature data, thermodynamic principles and experimental data. As solvent example, the potassium salt of taurine was selected. The results show that these processes are environmentally friendly (no emissions to the air, lower ecotoxicity) and have lower energy consumption than conventional MEA. The DECAB Plus process has been identified as the option with lower energy consumption (66% of conventional MEA- ie ca 2.4 GJ/t CO2). This study has established the potential of precipitating amino acids as an energy effective alternative to alkanol amines. The future work will focus on determining the cost of CO2 avoidance and investigating other solvents that will further lead to benefits over conventional processes.
Black blood late gadolinium enhancement using combined T2 magnetization preparation and inversion recovery (2015)

Background Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) imaging allows assessment of focal scar [1]. An inversion recovery based sequence is commonly used to achieve suppression of healthy myocardium signal. However, the blood pool and subendocardial scar typically have similar signal, making it difficult to distinguish subendocardial scar. Several methods have been proposed to increase the blood-scar contrast including a double inversion technique [2], and T2-prepared (T2prep) sequences [3,4]. However, all these approaches suffer from either reduced SNR or reduced scar-myocardium contrast. In this work, we propose a novel pulse sequence that uses an optimized combination of an inversion pulse and a T2prep composite pulse to simultaneously null both the healthy myocardium and blood signals, producing a black-blood LGE (BB-LGE) image without losing significant scar-myocardium contrast. We also developed a quick navigation sequence, analogous to the Look-Locker, to help determine the ideal nulling time before imaging.
Fluid shear stress stimulates platelet-derived growth factor expression in endothelial cells (1993)

Fluid flow and the associated shear stress play a critical role in vascular growth and remodeling. Recent data suggest that increased endothelial cell expression of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) A- and B-chain by flow may participate in these events. In the present study, we examined the mechanism for flow-induced PDGF expression, focusing on protein kinase C (PKC). Bovine aortic endothelial cells were exposed to flow (shear stress = 30 dyn/cm2) in a parallel-plate flow chamber. Increases in PDGF B-chain, but not PDGF A-chain, were observed within 3 h, maximal within 6 h (13-fold increase), and sustained for 24 h. PKC appeared to be involved because phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate induced PDGF B-chain mRNA. Activation of PKC alone, however, was insufficient to induce PDGF mRNA because the selective PKC activator, 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol, did not induce PDGF expression. A PKC-independent pathway was suggested by the fact that inhibition of PKC (downregulation with phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate or exposure to staurosporine) failed to block PMA or flow-induced PDGF B-chain expression. These results demonstrate flow-induced PDGF B-chain expression in endothelial cells that appears to be mediated, in part, by a PKC-independent pathway.
Increased dopamine and its receptor dopamine receptor D1 promote tumor growth in human hepatocellular carcinoma (2020)

Dopamine secretion was locally increased in HCC and promoted HCC cell proliferation and metastasis. DRD1 was found to exert positive effects on HCC progression and play a vital role in the dopamine system, and could be a potential therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker for HCC.
Automatic music soundtrack generation for outdoor videos from contextual sensor information (2012)

We present a system to automatically generate soundtracks for user-generated outdoor videos (UGV) based on concurrently captured contextual sensor information with mobile apps for the ACM Multimedia 2012 Google challenge: Automatic Music Video Generation. Our method addresses the use case of making "a video much more attractive for sharing by adding a matching soundtrack to it." Our system correlates viewable scene information from sensors with geographic contextual tags from OpenStreetMap. The co-occurance of geo-tags and mood tags are investigated from a set of categories of the web site Foursquare.com and a mapping from geo-tags to mood tags is obtained. Finally, a music retrieval component returns music based on matching mood tags. The experimental results show that our system can successfully create soundtracks that are related to the mood and situation of UGVs and therefore enhance the enjoyment of viewers. Our system sends only sensor data to a cloud service and is therefore bandwidth efficient since video data does not need to be transmitted for analysis.
Suspension Design for Windage and High Bandwidth (2000)

This paper reports on the resonance controls of a suspension used for a magnetic Hard-Disk Drive (HDD). First, the control method of torsion mode gain, induced by shaking, is described. Secondly, the control method of torsion mode suspension flutter, induced by air turbulence, is described. The mechanism of first torsion suspension flutter was investigated, and the evaluation method by calculations was proposed. Finally, a new type of suspension using two separate parts for the loadbeam was designed. The evaluation results of the actual samples agreed with the calculated values. The new design achieved considerably high performance of suspension flutter characteristics with very high resonance frequency of first torsion mode.
Clinical Measurements of Lymphedema (2014)

Patients, health care providers, and payers depend on practical, efficient, and useful tests that can be performed in a clinical setting in order to measure accurately and to diagnose lymphedema. Accurate measures are also necessary to monitor progression or regression of the disease, as well as treatment effects. This article reviews clinical measures of lymphedema that are currently being utilized. In addition, this article proposes an alternative objective measure, different from limb volume, that quantifies tissue texture.
H+ V-ATPases Energize Animal Plasma Membranes for Secretion and Absorption of Ions and Fluids (1998)

SYNOPSIS. H+ V-ATPases are well known energizers of endomembranes; thus they play a key role in the acidification of vacuoles and vesicles. More recently it has become clear that they energize many plasma membranes as well. In epithelial cells H+ V-ATPases usually energize apical plasma membranes in the same sense that Na+/K+ P-ATPases usually energize basolateral plasma membranes. Examples of four fundamental processes so energized will be reviewed—Na+ and Cl− absorption by the frog skin, K+ secretion by the caterpillar midgut, fluid secretion by insect Malpighian tubules, and fluid absorption by insect ovarian follicle cells. It is likely that apical membranes of fresh water fish and other animals that live in media in which the concentration of Na+ is low, are also energized by H+ V− ATPases.
SERUM FREE PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN AND PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN DENSITY MEASUREMENTS FOR PREDICTING CANCER IN MEN WITH PRIOR NEGATIVE PROSTATIC BIOPSIES (1997)

Free PSA and PSA density predict prostate cancer in men who have had prior negative prostatic biopsies, serum PSA levels of 4.1 to 10.0 ng./ml. and a benign prostate examination. Both parameters may be used to avoid unnecessary biopsies with an acceptable decrease in sensitivity. Further studies are needed to determine cutoffs to be used in clinical practice.
ROBOT "SEES", DECIDES AND ACTS (1979)

Developed for fully automatic welding of a wide variety of hull block subassemblies the Mitsui robot adopts MIG welding. The welding torch is suspended on a travelling gantry and has seven axes of freedom. Each axis is driven by electric hydraulic pulse motors or electric pulse motors through an open-loop type NC. The position of the welding line is defined by the original input data (welding line position and welding condition) and corrected data obtained from the visual sensing system which is controlled by a mini-computer (main-computer). The robot system is comprised of three sub-systems; a control data generating system, a driving control system and a visual sensing system.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF PHENOLS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES WITH AROMATIC COMPOUNDS IN THE PRESENCE OF ACID AGENTS. V. REACTIONS OF CHLORO‐SUBSTITUTED NAPHTHOLS WITH BENZENE (1980)

Abstract Aus den Chlornaphthalinen (I) entstehen in HCl‐gesättigtem Benzol in Gegenwart von AlCl 3 (Molverhältnis Naphthalin:A1C13:Benzol l:3:80) hauptsächlich die Phenylderivate (II); das Chlornaphthol (III) reagiert unter diesen Bedingungen nur langsam, erst nach 30 Tagen Reaktion bei Raumtemp. läßt sich 4‐Pheny1‐naphthol‐(2) in einer Ausb. von 10% isolieren.
Inflammation, Biomarkers and Immuno-Oncology Pathways in Pancreatic Cancer (2019)

It is estimated that pancreatic cancer will be the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally by 2030, highlighting the ongoing lack of effective treatment options for this devastating condition. There is a lack of reliable prognostic or predictive markers in pancreatic cancer to guide management decisions, whether for systemic chemotherapy, molecularly targeted therapies, or immunotherapies. To date, the results for targeted agents and immunotherapies in unselected populations of chemo-refractory pancreatic cancer have not met expectations. The reasons for this lack of efficacy of immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer are not completely understood. The challenges in pancreatic cancer include the physical barrier created by the dense desmoplastic stroma surrounding the tumor, chemokine-mediated exclusion of T cells, relatively poorer antigenicity compared to other solid tumors, paucity of infiltrating T cells within the tumor, ultimately leading to an immunosuppressive microenvironment. A better understanding of the role of inflammation in pancreatic cancer, its tumor microenvironment and individualized patient-related features, be they molecular, clinical or histopathological, would enable a more effective tailored approach to the management of pancreatic cancer. In this review, the role of inflammation, the immune tumor microenvironment and potential immune biomarkers in pancreatic cancer are explored.
Random Multispace Quantization as an Analytic Mechanism for BioHashing of Biometric and Random Identity Inputs (2006)

Biometric analysis for identity verification is becoming a widespread reality. Such implementations necessitate large-scale capture and storage of biometric data, which raises serious issues in terms of data privacy and (if such data is compromised) identity theft. These problems stem from the essential permanence of biometric data, which (unlike secret passwords or physical tokens) cannot be refreshed or reissued if compromised. Our previously presented biometric-hash framework prescribes the integration of external (password or token-derived) randomness with user-specific biometrics, resulting in bitstring outputs with security characteristics (i.e., noninvertibility) comparable to cryptographic ciphers or hashes. The resultant BioHashes are hence cancellable, i.e., straightforwardly revoked and reissued (via refreshed password or reissued token) if compromised. BioHashing furthermore enhances recognition effectiveness, which is explained in this paper as arising from the Random Multispace Quantization (RMQ) of biometric and external random inputs.
Organizing Experience: A Deeper Look at Replay Mechanisms for Sample-based Planning in Continuous State Domains (2018)

Model-based strategies for control are critical to obtain sample efficient learning. Dyna is a planning paradigm that naturally interleaves learning and planning, by simulating one-step experience to update the action-value function. This elegant planning strategy has been mostly explored in the tabular setting. The aim of this paper is to revisit sample-based planning, in stochastic and continuous domains with learned models. We first highlight the flexibility afforded by a model over Experience Replay (ER). Replay-based methods can be seen as stochastic planning methods that repeatedly sample from a buffer of recent agent-environment interactions and perform updates to improve data efficiency. We show that a model, as opposed to a replay buffer, is particularly useful for specifying which states to sample from during planning, such as predecessor states that propagate information in reverse from a state more quickly. We introduce a semi-parametric model learning approach, called Reweighted Experience Models (REMs), that makes it simple to sample next states or predecessors. We demonstrate that REM-Dyna exhibits similar advantages over replay-based methods in learning in continuous state problems, and that the performance gap grows when moving to stochastic domains, of increasing size.
Effectiveness of two different Modalities of Treatment in Reducing Neuropathic Symptoms and Pain in the Lower Limbs among Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (2014)

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is a complication of long term diabetes and is characterized by diminished sensation and or pain in the lower extremities. It poses a significant risk factor for ulcer and non traumatic amputation. The present study has been undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of two different modalities of treatment in reducing neuropathic symptoms and pain in the lower limbs among patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The findings of the study revealed that the mean posttest neuropathic symptom score of combination therapy group (25.61) was lesser than the mean posttest neuropathic symptom scores of pharmacological intervention group (64.98).(t(96)=46.5,p<0.001. The mean posttest lower limb pain score of combination therapy group (3.08) was lesser than the mean posttest lower limb pain score of pharmacological intervention group(4.27).(t(96)=11.91,p<0.001. The study concluded that combination therapy is more effective in reducing neuropathic symptoms and pain in the lower limb than pharmacological intervention alone.
Low temperature, low resistivity sub-half micron via/interconnect structure using reaction of Al-alloys and germane (2002)

This paper presents a novel, low cost, low temperature process for filling high aspect ratio vias/lines with Al-based alloys with improved damascene capability. This is achieved by reacting Germane (GeH/sub 4/) at temperatures below 400/spl deg/C with Al-Cu alloys deposited by conventional techniques which result in voids, gaps and poor filling. The technique practically imposes no limitation on filling high aspect ratio vias including undercuts. The low temperature provides capability to form multilevel homogeneous Al-alloy via/line structure by maintaining the resistance of underlying interconnects. The reliability data shows that Al-Cu-Ge via/interconnect structure deposited by this method is at least "1.5/spl times/" better electromigration life time (t/sub 50/) to that of hot sputtered Al-Cu (deposited at 535/spl deg/C) and almost "1.8/spl times/" to that of conventionally used CVD W stud/Al-Cu interconnect structure. The improvement in the reliability may be attributed to filling without voids high aspect ratio sub-half micron vias with low resistivity metal such as Al-Cu-Ge at temperatures well below 400/spl deg/C. A lower sheet resistance of Al-Cu-Ge line is achieved by this method compared to high temperature deposition due to less Ti wetting layer and limited Titanium reaction with Al-Cu-Ge. The other important result is that it is possible to achieve "high via chain yields" of difficult to polish materials like Al-alloys using a "unique" polishing process.