gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Can interferon-γ and interleukin-10 balance be associated with severity of human <i>Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis</i> infection? (2007)

Suitable levels of interferon (IFN)-gamma and interleukin (IL)-10 seem to favour the outcome of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), while high IFN-gamma and low IL-10 production are associated with severity of mucosal leishmaniasis (ML). Considering that cytokine balance is important for the maintenance of protective responses in leishmaniasis, our aim was to investigate leishmanial antigens-induced IFN-gamma and IL-10 levels maintained in healed individuals who had different clinical outcomes of Leishmania infection. Thirty-three individuals who recovered from L. braziliensis infection were studied: cured CL (CCL), cured ML (CML), spontaneous healing of CL (SH) or asymptomatic individuals (ASY). Cytokines were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in culture supernatants of L. braziliensis-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). IFN-gamma levels were higher in CML (7593 +/- 5994 pg/ml) in comparison to SH (3163 +/- 1526 pg/ml), ASY (1313 +/- 1048 pg/ml) or CCL (1897 +/- 2087 pg/ml). Moreover, cured ML cases maintained significantly lower production of IL-10 (127 +/- 57.8 pg/ml) in comparison to SH (1373 +/- 244 pg/ml), ASY (734 +/- 233 pg/ml) or CCL (542 +/- 375 pg/ml). Thus, a high IFN-gamma/IL-10 ratio observed in CML can indicate unfavourable cytokine balance. On the other hand, no significant difference in the IFN-gamma/IL-10 ratio was observed when CCL individuals were compared to SH or ASY subjects. In conclusion, even after clinical healing, ML patients maintained a high IFN-gamma/IL-10 secretion profile in response to leishmanial antigens. This finding can explain a delayed down-modulation of exacerbated inflammatory responses, which can be related in turn to the necessity of prolonged therapy in ML management. Conversely, lower IFN-gamma/IL-10 balance observed in CCL, SH and ASY individuals can represent a better-modulated immune response associated with a favourable prognosis.
Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and interaction with DNA of platinum(II) complexes of (1<i>R</i>,2<i>R</i>)-N<sup>1</sup>-2-amyl-1,2-diaminocyclohexane (2016)

(1R,2R)-N1-2-amyl-1,2-diaminocyclohexane, which has an amyl substituent as compared with 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, was used as the carrier group to construct three platinum(II) complexes. MTT assay revealed that the complexes showed decent cytotoxicity against all of the four tested tumor cell lines with the IC50 values ranging from 1.08 to 253.36 μM. Particularly, the IC50 values of 2 against A549 and HCT-116 reached 3.32 and 1.08 μM, respectively, which were much lower than those of cisplatin and oxaliplatin. Flow cytometry demonstrated that 2 inhibited HepG2 cells proliferation and caused cytotoxicity by inducing apoptosis and arresting cells in the G2 phase. Furthermore, agarose gel electrophoresis showed that 2 had the ability to interact with DNA in a manner different from cisplatin and oxaliplatin, indicating the carrier ligand with an alkyl moiety had an influence on the action mode of the complex.
Systemic complement activation, lung injury, and products of lipid peroxidation. (1985)

Previously we have demonstrated that systemic activation of the complement system after intravenous injection of cobra venom factor (CVF) results in acute lung injury as reflected by increases in the vascular permeability of the lung as well as by morphologic evidence of damage to lung vascular endothelial cells. In using the vascular permeability of the lung as the reference, the current studies show a quantitative correlation between lung injury and the appearance in plasma of lipid peroxidation products (conjugated dienes) as well as increased concentrations of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and one of its isoenzymes (LDH-4). After injection of CVF, extracts of lungs also showed elevated levels of conjugated dienes, whereas no elevations were found in extracts of liver, kidney, and spleen. There was no evidence in CVF-injected rats of renal or hepatic injury as reflected by the lack of development of proteinuria and the failure to detect increased serum levels of liver-related enzymes. Other peroxidation products identified in plasma of CVF-injected rats involved hydroperoxides and fluorescent compounds with features of Schiff bases. Not surprisingly, malondialdehyde was not found to be a reliable plasma indicator of lipid peroxidation associated with oxygen radical-mediated lung vascular injury. In using a model of oxygen radical-independent lung injury induced by oleic acid, although large amounts of LDH and LDH-4 were found in the plasma, no increases in plasma levels of conjugated dienes were detected. In CVF-injected animals treated with interventions protective against lung injury (neutrophil depletion, catalase, hydroxyl radical scavengers, or iron chelators), there were striking reductions in the plasma levels of conjugated dienes, hydroperoxides, and fluorochromic products. Morphometric analysis of lung sections revealed that the protective interventions did not interfere with the accumulation of neutrophils in lung interstitial capillaries after systemic activation of complement. In vitro studies with phorbol-stimulated neutrophils failed to demonstrate appearance of conjugated dienes, suggesting that the dienes appearing in plasma of CVF-injected animals are not the result of autotoxic changes in neutrophils. The data presented in this paper suggest that acute lung injury mediated by oxygen radicals derived from phagocytic cells can be monitored by the appearance in plasma of products of lipid peroxidation.
MicroRNA Regulation of Cholesterol Metabolism (2012)

Disruption of cellular cholesterol balance results in pathologic processes including atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, type II diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Maintenance of cholesterol homeostasis requires constant metabolic adjustment, achieved partly through the fine regulation of the classical transcription factors (e.g., by SREBP and LXR), but also through members of a class of noncoding RNAs termed miRNAs. Some miRNAs have now been identified to be potent post-transcriptional regulators of lipid metabolism genes, including miR-122, miR-33, miR-758, and miR-106b. Different strategies have been developed to modulate miRNA effects for therapeutic purposes. The promise demonstrated by the use of anti-miRs in human preclinical studies, in the case of miR-122, raises the possibility that miR-33, miR-758, and miR-106b may become viable therapeutic targets in future. This review summarizes the evidence for a critical role of some miRNAs in regulating cholesterol metabolism and suggests novel ways to manage dyslipidemias and cardiovascular diseases.
A Production-Based Method for Direct Estimation of Gas-in-Place and Reserves (2005)

Abstract This paper presents a systematic method for the direct estimation of gas-in-place and reserves using only gas production data. The fundamental concept used in this work is "quadratic" rate-cumulative relation, which is given as: (1) q g = q g i − D i G p + 1 2 D i G G p 2 Where we define the decline constant, Di, for this case as: (2) D i = 2 q g i [ 1 − [ p w f / z w f p i / z i ] 2 ] G The basis of our method is the development and application of several rate-time/cumulative production-time plotting functions which are derived using Eq. 1 (see Appendix A). Eq. 1 is itself derived from a rigorous coupling of the gas material balance equation for a volumetric dry gas reservoir and a modified version of the stabilized gas flow equation for a gas well producing at a constant bottomhole pressure. The proposed procedure is designed to simultaneously match the independent plotting functions (developed from Eq. 1), where we note that each function exhibits unique characteristics (e.g., a straight-line trend) which can be used as an extrapolation mechanism for estimating gas reserves. In this work we utilize a "spreadsheet" approach in which the data and plotting functions are linked by "global" model parameters, thus ensuring consistent evaluations. We verify our methodology using a simulated case and we then illustrate the application of this method using a field case. Although theoretical considerations limit the rigorous use of the proposed methodology to reservoir pressures less than 6,000 psia, we have successfully applied of our method in practice for reservoir pressures as high as 10,000 psia.
Engineering Microbial Consortia for Bioconversion of Multisubstrate Biomass Streams to Biofuels (2019)

Production of biofuels from nonfood biomass has emerged as a sustainable option to address the problems associated with growing enery demand for transportation, heating, and industrial processes, in the context of diminishing petroleum reserves and global climate change. Biomass resources such as lignocellulose-rich biomass and microalgae, despite being abundant pose several challenges for efficient bioconversion to biofuels.
Autonomous identification of local agents in multi-agent robotic swarms (2016)

With the emergence of swarm intelligence and evolutionary algorithms, system designers are creating robotic swarms of continuously increasing sizes. As the size of a swarm increases, it is imperative to have a uniform program collectively downloaded on all the agents in it. These uniform programs impede the designer's ability to designate distinct identities for various agents in the swarm. In this work we propose an algorithm that, when implemented in a robotic swarm, allows the locally interacting agents to autonomously designate unique identifications to each other at run time. The results show that when used on a small swarm of autonomous robots, running the algorithm led to a steady state where every agent in a local neighborhood was assigned a unique identification value.
Performance of SRC-filtered ODQPSK in mobile radio communications (2002)

The differential detection of OQPSK signals in a mobile radio environment is discussed. Two implementations, square-root-raised-cosine-filtered offset differential quadrature phase shift keying (SRC-ODQPSK) and constant envelope ODQPSK (CE-ODQPSK), are evaluated using computer simulation. It is demonstrated that a compact spectrum and low envelope variation of the modulated signal are achievable using SRC-ODQPSK. Its bit-error-rate (BER) performance is superior to that of /spl pi//4-DQPSK in hardlimited and fast Rayleigh fading channels. It has also been found that the CE-ODQPSK signal has a power spectral density (PSD) which is comparable to that of Gaussian minimum shift keying (GMSK) (BT = 0.4). In an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, it outperforms one-bit and two-bit differentially detected GMSK (BT = 0.4) by 4 dB and 1.5 dB, respectively, at a BER of 10/sup -4/. The good spectral and envelope properties, superior error performance, and simple receiver configurations make SRC- and CE-ODQPSK attractive for use in power- and bandwidth-limited mobile radio communications.
Energy and Hole Transfer between Dyes Attached to Titania in Cosensitized Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (2011)

Cosensitization of broadly absorbing ruthenium metal complex dyes with highly absorptive near-infrared (NIR) organic dyes is a clear pathway to increase near-infrared light harvesting in liquid-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). In cosensitized DSCs, dyes are intimately mixed, and intermolecular charge and energy transfer processes play an important role in device performance. Here, we demonstrate that an organic NIR dye incapable of hole regeneration is able to produce photocurrent via intermolecular energy transfer with an average excitation transfer efficiency of over 25% when cosensitized with a metal complex sensitizing dye (SD). We also show that intermolecular hole transfer from the SD to NIR dye is a competitive process with dye regeneration, reducing the internal quantum efficiency and the electron lifetime of the DSC. This work demonstrates the general feasibility of using energy transfer to boost light harvesting from 700 to 800 nm and also highlights a key challenge for developing highly efficient cosensitized dye-sensitized solar cells.
Time-Division-Multiplexed Interferometric Sensor Arrays (2013)

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a time-division-multiplexed acoustic sensor array employing multiple low-gain Er-doped fiber amplifiers to multiplex ten compact Fabry-Perot acoustic sensors. We show that the ten sensors can be interrogated with a single laser diode at a single wavelength, and exhibit the same measured SNR within <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\pm$</tex></formula> 0.95 dB of each other. We present a model to identify the dominant noise contributions, and their dependence on the number of multiplexed sensors. This model predicts that more than 350 sensors can be multiplexed with the proposed architecture.
Dyestuff Lasers and Light Collectors — Two New Fields of Application for Fluorescent Heterocyclic Compounds (1984)

The physical principles and methods of the functioning of fluorescent solar collectors and dyestuff lasers are briefly discussed, together with the demands that have to be met by a fluorescent dyestuff.In a summary of recent work carried oui in these two fields, a report is given of perylene carboxylic ester dyes and perylene tetracarboxylic acid diimide dyes for solar collectors, bifluorophoric laser dyes, laser dyes with intramolecular triplet quenching and infrared laser dyes with pyrylium and thiapyrylium terminal systems, also from the tetra and hexamethine hemicyanine ranges.
A reduced power 6-tap pre-emphasis for 10GB/S backplane communications (2008)

Pre-emphasis is often employed at the transmitter side to counteract the inter symbol interface (ISI) in high-speed data communications. Traditional pre-emphasis drivers, implemented in CML, use one pair of CMOS transistors as the output stage. To design a pre-emphasis for different channels or the same channel using different type of equalizer requires a wide range of current for the same tap. The challenge for traditional circuits is how to choose the sizes for these transistors. To meet this challenge, this paper presents a lower 6-tap pre-emphasis with several pairs of transistors at output stage to solve this issue. The simulation shows the eye diagram for the same channel improved vertical 8% and horizontal 5%. The pre-emphasis consumes only 57.7mW with a total of 6 tabs.
The Combined Reheat Gas Turbine/Steam Turbine Cycle: Part II—The LM 5000 Gas Generator Applied to the Combined Reheat Gas Turbine/Steam Turbine Cycle (1980)

Part I presented an analysis of the simple and reheat gas turbine cycles and related these cycles to the combined gas turbine Rankine cycle. Part II uses the data developed in Part I and applies the second generation LM5000 to a combined cycle using a steam cycle with 1250 psig 900 FTT (8.62MPa and 482°C) steam conditions; then the reheat gas turbine is combined with a reheat steam turbine with steam conditions of 2400 psig and 1000/1000 FTT (16.55 MPa and 538/538° C). A unique arrangement of the superheater is discussed whereby part of the steam heat load is shifted to the reheat gas turbine to obtain a minimum heat recovery boiler stack temperature and a maximum cycle efficiency. This proposed power plant is projected to have a net cycle efficiency of 50 percent LHV when burning distillate fuel.
Interleukin-8 immunoreactivity in epidermis of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma patients. (1994)

The histopathologic hallmark of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma is collections of malignant T cells in the epidermis. The mechanism(s) involved in the T-cell localization is unknown, however recent evidence suggests that cytokines play a role. Since Interleukin-8 functions both as a leukocyte and lymphocyte chemoattractant, we measured IL-8 expression in skin of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma patients. Lesional skin was obtained by biopsy from cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) patients and patients suffering from other dermatoses and subjected to in situ hybridization with a 35S-Riboprobe and immunofluorescence to detect IL-8. Fourteen out of 15 lesional biopsies from histologically proven CTCL patients displayed intense epidermal IL-8 immunoreactivity compared to negligible reactivity in sections from 14 normal patients and other inflammatory dermatoses. These results were corroborated by strong hybridization signals using IL-8 probes in only the lesional CTCL skin. Lesional CTCL epidermis contains elevated levels of IL-8 mRNA and protein suggesting a role for this cytokine in the pathogenesis of the disease.
A Scalable Method for Signalling Dynamic Reconfiguration Events with OpenSM (2011)

Rerouting around faulty components, on-the-fly policy changes, and migration of jobs all require reconfiguration of data structures in the Queue Pairs residing in the hosts on an InfiniBand cluster. In addition to a proper implementation at the host, the subnet manager needs to implement a scalable method for signaling reconfiguration events to the hosts. In this paper we propose and evaluate three different implementations for signalling dynamic reconfiguration events with OpenSM. Through our evaluation we demonstrate a scalable solution for signalling host-side reconfiguration events in an InfiniBand network based on an example where dynamic network reconfiguration combined with a topology-agnostic routing function is used to avoid malfunctioning components. Through measurements on our test-cluster and an analytical study we show that our best proposal reduces reconfiguration latency by more than 90%and in certain situations eliminates it completely. Furthermore, the processing overhead in the subnet manager is shown to be minimal.
A novel miniaturized, wideband, high directivity microstrip coupler on FR4 (2013)

Directional couplers realized in microstrip parallel coupled line configuration exhibits very poor directivity. Inhomogeneous nature of microstrip circuits generate even and odd modes of wave propagation having different phase velocities, which in turn leads to the degradation in directivity. This paper presents the design and development of a compact, wideband, low insertion loss 20 dB microstrip coupler on FR4 substrate having better than 25 dB directivity at L band. Idea is based on the fact that the wiggly or slotty structure raises the odd mode inductance more strongly than that of the even mode due to the different field distributions between both modes and equalizes the even and odd mode characteristic impedances. Reactive loading based slow wave structure is used to further miniaturize the circuit. Directivity of better than 28 dB, maximum insertion loss of 0.4 dB, coupling flatness of ± .25 dB and 25 % reduction in size w.r.t. conventional parallel coupled line coupler were observed in the fabricated circuit over the band of 1250±500 MHz.
Validation of a Non-rigid Registration Algorithm for Multi-modal Data (2002)

We describe the evaluation of a non-rigid image registration method for multi-modal data. The evaluation is made di#cult by the absence of gold standard test data, for which the true transformation from one image to another is known. Di#erent approaches have been used to deal with this deficiency, e.g., by using synthetically warped data, by comparison of anatomic regions of interest identified either manually or automatically, and by direct comparison of the registered data. Each of these approaches are limited and in this paper, we illustrate some of the problems that arise based on their application to the evaluation of our multi-modal non-rigid registration method.
Phenol and Catechol Biodegradation by the Haloalkaliphile <i>Halomonas campisalis</i>:  Influence of pH and Salinity (2003)

Removal of aromatic compounds from alkaline and/or saline industrial wastewater is an environmental concern for industry. In addition, aromatics may be accumulating in soda lakes, unique natural systems, where the fate and toxicity of these contaminants is unknown. To determine the feasibility of aromatic compound biodegradation in saline and alkaline conditions, the effect of pH and salinity on the biodegradation of phenol as a model aromatic waste compound by the haloalkaliphilic bacterium Halomonas campisalis was examined. Phenol was degraded as a source of carbon and energy at pH 8-11 and 0-150 g/L NaCl. Metabolic intermediates catechol, cis,cis-muconate, and (+)-muconolactone were identified, thus indicating that phenol was degraded via the beta-ketoadipate metabolic pathway. Although phenol and catechol were completely degraded in all cases, small amounts of cis,cis-muconate accumulated proportionally to increases in pH. There was no noticeable influence of salinity on cis,cis-muconate accumulation except at 0 g/L NaCl where it was completely degraded. These results indicate that it may be feasible to use haloalkaliphiles forthe treatment of aromatics present in saline and/or alkaline systems. This is the first report of phenol and catechol biodegradation under combined saline and alkaline conditions.
Evaluation of a new continuous cardiac output monitor in off‐pump coronary artery surgery (2004)

We evaluated a new, ultra-fast response continuous cardiac output monitor in 34 adult patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Cardiac output was measured with the TruCCOMS continuous cardiac output monitor (Aortech International plc, Lanarkshire, UK), using triplicate cold bolus thermodilution as the criterion standard, at fixed time points during surgery and during dobutamine infusion. The two techniques were compared using linear regression and Bland-Altman analysis. Overall, the study device displayed a bias of 0.4 l.min(-1) with limits of agreement of +2.5 l.min(-1) and -1.7 l.min(-1). The study device failed to detect the change in cardiac output caused by dobutamine accurately (y = 0.18x + 0.45; r(2) = 0.13), with an error linearly related to the magnitude of the change measured. We conclude that the device's failure to detect changes in cardiac output could be a major limitation in its clinical use in its current form.
Intranuclear targeting of AML/CBFα regulatory factors to nuclear matrix-associated transcriptional domains (1998)

The AML/CBFalpha runt transcription factors are key regulators of hematopoietic and bone tissue-specific gene expression. These factors contain a 31-amino acid nuclear matrix targeting signal that supports association with the nuclear matrix. We determined that the AML/CBFalpha factors must bind to the nuclear matrix to exert control of transcription. Fusing the nuclear matrix targeting signal to the GAL4 DNA binding domain transactivates a genomically integrated GAL4 responsive reporter gene. These data suggest that AML/CBFalpha must associate with the nuclear matrix to effect transcription. We used fluorescence labeling of epitope-tagged AML-1B (CBFA2) to show it colocalizes with a subset of hyperphosphorylated RNA polymerase II molecules concentrated in foci and linked to the nuclear matrix. This association of AML-1B with RNA polymerase II requires active transcription and a functional DNA binding domain. The nuclear matrix domains that contain AML-1B are distinct from SC35 RNA processing domains. Our results suggest two of the requirements for AML-dependent transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II are association of AML-1B with the nuclear matrix together with specific binding of AML to gene promoters.