gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Frame-Recurrent Video Super-Resolution (2018)

Recent advances in video super-resolution have shown that convolutional neural networks combined with motion compensation are able to merge information from multiple low-resolution (LR) frames to generate high-quality images. Current state-of-the-art methods process a batch of LR frames to generate a single high-resolution (HR) frame and run this scheme in a sliding window fashion over the entire video, effectively treating the problem as a large number of separate multi-frame super-resolution tasks. This approach has two main weaknesses: 1) Each input frame is processed and warped multiple times, increasing the computational cost, and 2) each output frame is estimated independently conditioned on the input frames, limiting the system's ability to produce temporally consistent results. In this work, we propose an end-to-end trainable frame-recurrent video super-resolution framework that uses the previously inferred HR estimate to super-resolve the subsequent frame. This naturally encourages temporally consistent results and reduces the computational cost by warping only one image in each step. Furthermore, due to its recurrent nature, the proposed method has the ability to assimilate a large number of previous frames without increased computational demands. Extensive evaluations and comparisons with previous methods validate the strengths of our approach and demonstrate that the proposed framework is able to significantly outperform the current state of the art.
Single-coil magnetic induction tomographic three-dimensional imaging (2015)

Previously, magnetic induction tomography (MIT) has been considered for noncontact imaging of human tissue electrical properties. Commonly, multiple coils are used, with any one serving as the source while others detect eddy currents generated in the specimen. Here, imaging of low conductivity objects is shown feasible with a single coil acting simultaneously as source and detector, provided that the coil is repeatedly relocated while collecting coil loss data. To enable such "scanning," an analytical coil loss formula is derived in the quasistatic limit for a single coil consisting of several concentric circular wire loops, all within a common plane. Conductivity may vary arbitrarily in space, whereas permittivity and permeability are treated as uniform. The analytical form is used to build an algorithm for imaging electrical conductivity in human tissues. A practical device operating at 12.5 MHz is described and used in a clinical trial that "scans" the region between the scapulae while collecting coil loss data. Inversion of data leads to electrical conductivity distribution images for the thoracic spinal column which are the first of their kind to correctly distinguish such basic features as size and depth of spinal canal, as well as size, depth, and spacing of transverse spinal processes.
Advances in HEV Battery Management Systems (2006)

A critical element of a hybrid-electric-vehicle (HEV) propulsion system is the battery management system (BMS), which controls the performance of the HEV battery, the costliest and heaviest component of the propulsion system. This paper examines the relevance and criticality of an HEV BMS as a whole; that is, its general functions and “responsibilities”. Of these, its ability to accurately estimate and report the state-of-charge (SOC) is arguably the most important. This paper will explain why SOC estimation is important, and will examine advances in the state of the art of SOC estimation methods, with a focus on Kalman Filter techniques. HEV BATTERY PACK OVERVIEW
PTV-based IMPT optimization incorporating planning risk volumes vs robust optimization (2013)

For H&N cases studied, OAR sparing in PTV+PRV-based optimization was inferior compared to robust optimization but was superior compared to PTV-based optimization; however, target dose robustness and homogeneity were comparable in the PTV+PRV-based and PTV-based optimizations. The same pattern held for the prostate case. The authors' data suggest that the superiority of robust optimization is not due simply to its inclusion of margins for OARs, but that this is due mainly to the ability of robust optimization to compensate for perturbations in dose distributions within target volumes and normal tissues caused by uncertainties.
<title>Birefringence measurement by scattered light method with a phase-shifting technique</title> (1999)

This paper describes a modified birefringence measurement using the scattered light method combined with a phase shifting technique. A phase shift between orthogonal linear polarization components is realized by a retardation compensator. The measured distribution has a periodical error, which can be reduced by a band pass filtering of the Fourier spectrum of scattered light distribution. This method enables a birefringence distribution on a light path to be obtained.
Affect analysis of text using fuzzy semantic typing (2001)

We propose a novel, convenient fusion of natural language processing and fuzzy logic techniques for analyzing the affect content in free text. Our main goals are fast analysis and visualization of affect content for decision making. The main linguistic resource for fuzzy semantic typing is the fuzzy-affect lexicon, from which other important resources, the fuzzy thesaurus and affect category groups, are generated. Free text is tagged with affect categories from the lexicon and the affect categories' centralities and intensities are combined using techniques from fuzzy logic to produce affect sets: fuzzy sets representing the affect quality of a document. We show different aspects of affect analysis using news content and movie reviews. Our experiments show a good correspondence between affect sets and human judgments of affect content. We ascribe this to the representation of ambiguity in our fuzzy affect lexicon and the ability of fuzzy logic to deal successfully with the ambiguity of words in a natural language.
Current assessment of polo-like kinases as anti-tumor drug targets (2014)

PLKs 2, 3 and 5 are primarily linked with tumor suppressor functions and as PLK1 is the most validated anticancer drug target, selective inhibitors for its activities are most likely to result in effective therapeutics with reduced side effects. In this regard, the polo box domain can be targeted to generate selective inhibitors of PLK1 while preventing inhibition of kinases outside of this family. Recent studies confirming the synthetic lethality of other molecular defects with PLK1 can be exploited to obtain tumor selective apoptosis in p53, KRAS and PTEN mutant cancers.
Wireless Noise Surveillance - Development of Dynamic Noise Maps (2016)

Abstract Noise is a major challenge in the petroleum industry. Prior to performing work in a noisy area, the noise map is the tool for assessing noise exposure when planning and performing work. The aim of this paper is to present an ongoing R&D project to develop a wireless noise monitoring system that provides real-time input to a digital noise map that updates dynamically. In operations, this will provide up-to-date information when planning for noise risk controls such as work time restrictions and required hearing protection, as well as feedback during performance of work. The system, which has been named WiNoS, utilizes an industry-standard wireless communication protocol, as well as integrates smoothly into plant architecture. The system consists of a network of battery operated wireless sound level sensors, a wireless infrastructure and software applications for processing and presenting the collected noise data. The main developments in the project are related to design of wireless sensors suitable for operation in oil & gas processing plants, and novel software algorithms for the creation of dynamic noise maps for industrial environments, maintaining the necessary accuracy. A prototype of the system has been successfully demonstrated in an industrial laboratory environment. The demo system was composed from early prototypes of 9 wireless noise sensors and an alfa version of the mapping software. The demo system also included simple functionality for transferring acoustical frequency spectra. The demonstration successfully showed the conceptual functionality of WiNoS, and served as a decision gate for taking WiNoS into the next phase of development towards first-use at a North-Sea offshore installation. The WiNoS system will be technically prepared for acoustical frequency analysis, and will be designed with capabilities for wireless transmission of high-resolution frequency spectra. As a next step in the WiNoS development, the idea is to utilize the acoustical spectrum to assess condition of machinery and processes. Detailed frequency analysis can be used for monitoring and fault detection, e.g. of rotating machinery. Early experiments have already been carried out; showing how different operating conditions alter the emitted acoustical frequency spectrum from a wet gas compressor.
Three-dimensional dynamic surface grasping with dry adhesion (2015)

Most robotic grasping research focuses on objects that are either not large in comparison to the gripper or have small graspable features; however, there are important applications that involve large flat or gently curved surfaces. Examples include robots that grasp the solar panels of space craft, handle large panels in manufacturing, or climb or perch on surfaces. We present a solution for grasping such surfaces consisting of groups of tiles coated with a controllable gecko-inspired adhesive. The tiles are loaded with two sets of tendons: one for distributing the forces evenly while grasping and the other for release. The gripper is passive and can attach and detach with little effort so that it does not disturb either the robot or the object to be grasped. The maximum gripping force in the normal direction can be over 1000 times greater than the required detaching force. The gripper is also fast, allowing a flying quadrotor to attach to a surface milliseconds after the tiles make contact. We present a model of the gripping mechanism and use the model to design the layout of the tiles to best support anticipated normal and tangential loads.
A Low-Noise L-Band Dielectric Resonator Stabilized Microstrip Oscillator (1987)

Design and performance of a unique microstrip L-band bipolar transistor dielectric resonator stabilized oscillator (DRO) is described which achieves ultralow single-sideband phase noise (-163 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset frequency), low I/f noise corner frequency of 12 kHz, with near-constant frequency (1280 +- 0.06 MHz) and power (12.55 +- 0.15 dBm) over -50° to 75°C. Circuit details to minimize noise as well as transistor selection criteria and measurements are presented. Back-to-back varactors provide 350 kHz electronic tuning range for phase-locking applications without any increase of noise.
Obtaining plotwise mean height and volume growth in boreal forests using multi‐temporal laser surveys and various change detection techniques (2008)

Abstract This study used high‐density multitemporal laser scanner datasets acquired at different dates between 1998 and 2003 to estimate the tree mean height and volume growth at plot level in a boreal forest. Thirty‐three sample plots were established in a mixed, multiple‐storey forest in Kalkkinen, 130 km north of Helsinki, Finland. Plotwise attributes, such as mean height, basal area and volume, were estimated from field measurements. Laser datasets were collected with a TopoSys laser scanner in 1998, 2000 and 2003 with a nominal point density on the target of 10 points/m2. Three techniques were used to derive predictors for growth estimation: a method based on individual tree top differencing, digital surface model (DSM) differencing and canopy height distribution differencing. The regression models were developed for mean height growth and volume growth using the single best predictor derived from each method and selected predictors from all methods. Best‐subset technique was used for predictor selection. The best results were obtained for mean height growth (adjusted R 2 value of 0.86 and standard deviation of residuals of 0.15 m) using the individual tree top differencing method. The corresponding values for volume growth were 0.58 and 8.39 m3 ha−1 (35.7%) respectively, using DSM differencing. Combined use of the three techniques yielded a better result for volume growth (adjusted R 2 = 0.75) but did not improve the estimation for mean height growth. The results indicated that it is possible to determine forest mean height and volume growth with an acceptable accuracy using multitemporal laser scanning. This information could be used in growth model development and in determination of forest growth using strip‐based sampling as part of large‐area forest inventories, such as the national forest inventory. Acknowledgements Financial support from the Academy of Finland is gratefully acknowledged.
Pointguard TM : protecting pointers from buffer overflow vulnerabilities (2003)

Permission is granted for noncommercial reproduction of the work for educational or research purposes.
Novel insole design for diabetic foot ulcer management (2018)

Around the world, over 400 million people suffer from diabetes. In a chronic diabetic condition, the skin underneath the foot often becomes extremely soft and brittle, resulting in the development of foot ulcers. In literature, a plethora of footwear designs have been developed to reduce the induced stresses on a diabetic foot and to consequently prevent the incidences of foot ulcers. However, to date, no insole design exists which can handle post-ulcer diabetic foot conditions without hindering the mobility of the patients. In the current work, a novel custom insole design with arch support and ulcer isolations was tested for effective stress reduction in a diabetic foot with ulcers using finite element modeling. A full-scale model of the foot was developed with ulcers of different geometries and sizes at the heel and metatarsal regions of the foot. The stresses at the ulcer locations were quantified for standing and walking with and without the novel custom insole model. The effect of material properties of the insole on the ulcer stress reduction was quantified extensively. Also, the effectivity of a novel synthetic skin material as the insole material was tested for stress offloading at the ulcers and the rest of the foot. From the analyses, peak stress reductions were observed at the ulcers up to 91.5% due to the ulcer isolation in the novel custom insole design and the skin-like material. Specifically, the ulcer isolation feature in the insole was found to be approximately 25% more effective in peak stress reduction for commonly occurring ulcers with irregular geometry, over the tested regular circular ulcer geometry. Also, a threshold material stiffness was found for the custom insole, below which the peak stresses at the ulcers did not decrease any further. Based on this information, a working prototype of the custom insole was developed with custom ulcer isolations, which will be subjected to further testing. The results of this study would inform better custom insole designing and material selection for post-ulcer diabetic conditions, with effective stress reduction at the ulcers, and the possibilities of preventing further ulceration.
Structural and biochemical analyses reveal a monomeric state of the bacterial lipocalin Blc (2010)

The first bacterial member of the lipocalin protein family, Blc, was identified in Escherichia coli as an outer membrane lipoprotein that is expressed under conditions of environmental stress. Previous crystallographic studies in space group P2₁2₁2₁ with two molecules per asymmetric unit, supported by static light-scattering experiments in solution, indicated that Blc may form a functional homodimer with lysophospholipid binding activity. Here, a new crystal structure of recombinant Blc in space group I4₁22 with one molecule in the asymmetric unit is described. The crystal packing differs considerably from that observed previously, which was determined using an N-terminally extended version of Blc dubbed `Blc-X'. In particular, the characteristic large interface region that was previously described as being responsible for stable dimer formation is absent in the I4₁22 crystal structure. Thus, the dimerization behaviour of Blc-X was most likely to be caused by the additional N-terminal peptide segment resulting from the cloning strategy employed. In contrast, we used a native-like N-terminus for Blc with just the lipid-anchored first Cys residue replaced by Ala. The fully monomeric status of this recombinant version of Blc in solution was confirmed by size-exclusion chromatography as well as analytical ultracentrifugation. Consequently, these data shed new light on the previously postulated lipid-binding mechanism and biological role of Blc. Beyond this, our findings illustrate that cloning artefacts, which frequently result from recombinant protein production for structural studies, must be considered with special caution when interpreting oligomerization and/or conformational effects.
Performance of a flexible optical aberration generator (2011)

The Naval Research Laboratory has developed a method for simulating atmospheric turbulence and a testbed that simulates its aberrations using a liquid crystal (LC) spatial light modulator (SLM). This testbed allows the simulation of so-called atmospheric seeing conditions ranging from very poor to very good and different algorithms may be easily employed on the device for comparison. Many models for simulating turbulence often neglect temporal transitions along with different seeing conditions. Using the statistically independent set of Karhunen-Loeve polynomials in conjunction with Kolmogorov statistics in this approach provides a spatial and temporal model for simulating turbulence. An added benefit to using an LC SLM is its low cost; and multiple devices can be used to simulate multiple layers of turbulence in a laboratory environment. Current testing using multiple LC SLMs is under investigation at the Naval Research Laboratory.
A Memory-Based Direct-Digital Frequency Synthesizer for Fractional Synchronization (2021)

This brief presents a fully integrated energy-efficient memory-based direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDFS). To overcome the limitation of using an accumulator and a Read-Only Memory (ROM) Lookup Table (LUT) within a DDFS, the proposed design utilizes a 6-bit memory with a configured mode of operation to synchronize the digital output clock with the input sampling clock. The proposed DDFS is able to tune the output phase and frequency once a phase rotator is used in the input clock path. To realize the proposed DDFS, a 6-bit memory in front-end and some analog blocks in back-end are employed. The prototype DDFS achieves jitter below 12.7ps <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_{rms}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> integrated over a 100MHz bandwidth with 28.25Hz resolution while consuming less than 3mW at sampling clock 3.12GHz. The proposed DDFS is fabricated in a 0.9V TSMC 7nm CMOS process and occupies a core area of only 0.014mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
A method of H.264 video watermarking robust to attack on I and P frames by removal (2014)

The authors consider two new attacks on watermarked video specific to HD 60 fps H.264 High and Main profiles: selective I/P frames' removal and zeroing of residuals in B frames. We propose the method of embedding of a readable watermark for H.264 High Profile video robust to such attacks. The video stream is partially decoded removing entropy coding, then a watermark is embedded into low-frequency DCT residuals and motion vectors of B frames, so that it could be later extracted in an uncompressed domain even if almost all I and P frames were removed by the attacker during transcoding. The method is nonblind, robust to new attacks and to such attacks as transcoding, down-scale, and post processing filters due to robustness of low frequency DCT coefficients. The method consists of two stages: computationally intensive preprocessing stage performed to each video and low complexity payload embedding stage performed to each copy. So it is specifically suitable for fingerprinting of Video-on-Demand (VoD) systems, where a unique watermark should be embedded in each video's copy.
Abstract 16114: Risk Identification of Drug-induced Long QT Syndrome Using a Patient-specific Long QT-JT Risk Score (2016)

Our research is focused on the drug-induced Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) and its relationship to the potentially fatal polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, Torsade de Pointes (TdP). It was our objective...
Performance of the EIGER single photon counting detector (2015)

EIGER is a single photon counting hybrid pixel detector being developed at Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Switzerland, for applications at synchrotron light sources in an energy range from a few to 25 keV. EIGER is characterized by a small pixel size (75 x 75 <em>μ</em>m<sup>2</sup>), a frame rate up to 22 kHz and a small dead time between frames (4 <em>μ</em>s).<br /> An EIGER module is a hybrid detector composed of a approximate to 8 x 4 cm<sup>2</sup> monolithic silicon sensor bump bonded to 4 x 2 readout chips, for a total of 500 kpixels. Each pixel has a configurable depth (up to 12 bits) counter and records the number of photons impinging. Custom designed module electronics reads out the bits in the pixel counter and processes the data in the module before transferring them to a PC. A large dynamic range (32 bits) for the pixel counter can be obtained through on-board image summation. Rate corrections can be applied on-board to compensate for inefficiencies when the pixel counting rates approach pile-up levels around a million counts per second.<br /> The EIGER modules are the building blocks of large area detectors: a 1.5 and a 9 Mpixel systems are under development for the cSAXS beamline at the Swiss Light Source (SLS) at PSI. The very high frame rate capabilities are equally fast for multi-module systems due to the fully parallel data processing.<br /> The module calibration will be discussed, with emphasis on the choice of the optimal operation settings as a function of photon energy. The performance regarding threshold dispersion and minimum achievable threshold will be presented. In addition, the progress towards the production of larger multi-module systems will be discussed.
Printed Multi-Band MIMO Antenna Systems and Their Performance Metrics (2013)

Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems are a key enabling technology for modern fourth-generation (4G) wireless systems. The need for higher data rates for multimedia applications within the limited bandwidth and power levels led the way to the use of multiple antennas at the receiver and transmitter ends. Printed MIMO antenna systems, supporting multiple bands, including the lower band of the 4G wireless standard (LTE), pose a challenge in terms of available size. In this work, we start by defi ning the new required metrics to characterize MIMO antenna systems. We then present several recent printed multi-band MIMO antenna systems, along with some isolation-enhancement mechanisms that are used in these closely packed antennas.