gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new paraprobiotic-based treatment for control of Haemonchus contortus in sheep (2020)

Haemonchus contortus is a critical parasite of goats and sheep. Infection by this blood-feeding gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) parasite has significant health consequences, especially in lambs and kids. The parasite has developed resistance to virtually all known classes of small molecule anthelmintics used to treat it, giving rise in some areas to multidrug resistant parasites that are very difficult to control. Thus, new anthelmintics are urgently needed. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crystal protein 5B (Cry5B), a naturally occurring protein made by a bacterium widely and safely used around the world as a bioinsecticide, represents a new non-small molecule modality for treating GINs. Cry5B has demonstrated anthelmintic activities against parasites of monogastric animals, including some related to those that infect humans, but has not yet been studied in a ruminant. Here we show that H. contortus adults are susceptible to Cry5B protein in vitro. Cry5B produced in its natural form as a spore-crystal lysate against H. contortus infections in goats had no significant efficacy. However, a new Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) paraprobiotic form of Cry5B called IBaCC (Inactivated Bacterium with Cytosolic Crystals), in which Cry5B crystals are encapsulated in dead Bt cell wall ghosts, showed excellent efficacy in vitro against larval stages of H. contortus and relative protein stability in bovine rumen fluid. When given to sheep experimentally infected with H. contortus as three 60 mg/kg doses, Cry5B IBaCC resulted in significant reductions in fecal egg counts (90%) and parasite burdens (72%), with a very high impact on female parasites (96% reduction). These data indicate that Cry5B IBaCC is a potent new treatment tool for small ruminants in the battle against H. contortus.
Dielectric metasurfaces with independent angular control (2017)

We introduce dielectric metasurfaces with independent response at different angles of incidence given the same input polarization. We demonstrate a reflective metasurface grating with different effective grating pitches under two different incident angles, and a hologram that projects different images for different incidence angles.
The fabrication and modelling of non-silica microstructured optical fibres (2001)

We present for the first time a non-silica mircostructured optical fibre designed to guide light at 5 μm using gallium lanthium suphide glass. We present the results of optical modelling of the structure as well as a discussion on possible applications.
Steel-Promoted Oxidation of Olefins in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Using Dioxygen in the Presence of Aldehydes (2000)

Oxidation of olefins occurs effectively in supercritical carbon dioxide as the reaction medium with dioxygen as the primary oxidant and aldehydes as sacrificial co-oxidants. No catalyst is required, but the reaction is promoted by the stainless steel of the reactor walls. Depending on the substrate, vinylic oxidation or epoxidation can be the prevailing pathway. Epoxidation is particularly effective for substrates with internal double bonds and for long-chain terminal olefins.
Recent Advances in Hollow-Core Photonic Bandgap Fibres (2014)

We review recent progress towards improving the transmission properties of hollow-core photonic band gap fibres including advances made in understanding the key issues limiting minimum loss and bandwidth in current fabricated structures.
Induction of Shrimp Tropomyosin-Specific Hypersensitivity in Mice (2008)

We have generated a BALB/c model of shrimp allergy. This model provides a useful tool for evaluating the immunopathogenic mechanisms involved in shellfish hypersensitivity.
Model-based digital halftoning with adaptive eye filters (2002)

This paper describes a new approach to adaptive digital halftoning with the least squares model-based (LSMB) method. A framework is presented for the adaptive control of smoothness and sharpness of the halftone patterns according to local image characteristics. The proposed method employs explicit, quantitative models of the human visual system represented as 2-D linear filters (eye filters). In contrast with the standard LSMB method where the single eye filter is employed uniformly over the image, the model parameters are controlled according to local image characteristics for each pixel. Because of the adaptive selection of eye filters for the pixels, image enhancement is incorporated into the halftoning process. Effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated through experiments using real data compared with the error-diffusion algorithm and the standard LSMB method.
Ion-Selective Electrodes with Colloid-Imprinted Mesoporous Carbon as Solid Contact (2014)

A new type of solid-contact ion-selective electrode (SC-ISE) has been developed that uses colloid-imprinted mesoporous (CIM) carbon with 24 nm diameter, interconnected mesopores as the intermediate layer between a gold electrode and an ionophore-doped ISE membrane. For a demonstration, valinomycin was used as K(+) ionophore, and a good Nernstian response with a slope of 59.5 mV/decade in the range from 10(-5.2) to 10(-1.0) M was observed. The high purity, low content of redox-active surface functional groups and intrinsic hydrophobic characteristics of CIM carbon prepared from mesophase pitch lead to outstanding performance of these sensors, with excellent resistance to the formation of a water layer and no interference caused by light, O2, and CO2. When a redox couple is introduced as an internal reference species, calibration-free SC-ISEs can be made with a standard deviation of E° as low as 0.7 mV. Moreover, the interconnected mesopore structure of ISE membrane-infused CIM carbon facilitates both ion and electron conduction and provides a large interfacial area with good ion-to-electron transduction. Because of the large double layer capacitance of CIM carbon, CIM carbon-based SC-ISEs exhibit excellent potential stability, as shown by chronopotentiometry and continuous potentiometric measurements. The capacitance of these electrodes as determined by chronopotentiometry is 1.0 mF, and the emf drift over 70 h is as low as 1.3 μV/h, making these electrodes the most stable SC-ISEs reported so far.
Development of UAV Wings - Subsonic Designs (2003)

Development of UAV started to deviate to domain of increased airspeeds and transonic Mach numbers. This is especially evident in development of HALE aircraft, evaluation of transonic flying wings, design of high-speed UAV with enhanced subsonic loitering capabilities and maneuvering transonic air vehicles. Unfortunately, even preliminary stages of design of transonic configurations are complicated because of the lack of suitable airfoils and their performance data. The reason for this is that most existing high-speed airfoils were designed for civil aircraft applications and their specific mission profile. For high-speed UAV, variety of specifications, multi-point design requirements and imposed non-aerodynamic constraints make it unpractical the use of existing transonic airfoils for evaluation work. For these cases, design of new transonic wings is a practically unavoidable choice. This should rely on advanced aerodynamic design concepts that provide significant improvement of performance, help to bridge between conflicting design requirements and consider non-aerodynamic aspects such as structural rigidity, internal volume, wing actuators integrations, etc. While design of transonic NLF airfoils is performed today on a routine basis, a number of evaluation directions in design of high-speed UAV wings require substantial development efforts. This includes design of transonic swept NLF wings with reduced sensitivity to amplification of cross-flow instability of laminar boundary layers, development of highlift airfoils for HALE configurations, evaluation of transonic wings with enhanced subsonic loitering capabilities and improved maneuver performance at medium transonic Mach numbers, etc. IAI experience on development of transonic UAV wings is summarized in this paper by presenting a number of specialized designs, covering a wide range of practical applications.
New environmentally conscious flame-retarding plastics for electronics products (1999)

Flame-retardant plastics containing no toxic flame-retarding additives such as halogen (bromine) compounds and phosphorus compounds have been developed for electronic products. A polycarbonate (PC) resin containing a silicone derivative as a new safer flame-retarding aromatic has been developed for use in housings. A special silicone with a branched chain structure and with an aromatic group in the chain was found to be greatly effective in retarding the combustion of PC resin. The PC resin containing the silicone shows other good properties, such as strength, moldability and heat resistance as well as high flame retardance and also good recyclability. Moreover, the authors have developed a new flame-retardant epoxy resin compound containing no flame-retarding additives as a molding resin for electronic parts. A self-extinguishing network structure of the epoxy resin compound was obtained by using an aromatic epoxy resin and a phenol derivative hardener; both of which have multi-aromatic groups in their main chain. The high flame retardance was achieved by the formation of a foam layer during combustion. The epoxy resin compound has other good properties (resistance to humidity, solder heating and thermal cycles, etc.) as well as high flame retardance and can be used as a high quality molding resin for LSIs.
<title>Macroporous ceramics by colloidal templating</title> (2000)

We describe a novel method of fabricating macroporous ceramics employing colloidal dispersion of ultrafine ceramic particles with latex particles as the templates. The colloidal particles form a particulate gel on drying and fill the voids of the ordered latex templates. Subsequent removal of the template by calcination results in the formation of an ordered macroporous ceramic. The process has significant advantages over the traditional sol-gel process employing alkoxide precursors. Most importantly, the much lower shrinkage compared to the sol-gel process enabled us to produce larger pieces of the sample. The larger shrinkage involved in the sol-gel process often results in small and fragile pieces of the macroporous material which has to be subsequently heat treated to induce crystallization. The ability to choose crystalline colloidal particles in our method obviates the need for heat treatment to achieve crystallinity. We have synthesized a variety of materials such as macroporous silica, titania, alumina and recently have also extended the approach to macroporous silicon which is not amenable to the sol-gel process.
Scalable Model Compression by Entropy Penalized Reparameterization (2019)

We describe a simple and general neural network weight compression approach, in which the network parameters (weights and biases) are represented in a "latent" space, amounting to a reparameterization. This space is equipped with a learned probability model, which is used to impose an entropy penalty on the parameter representation during training, and to compress the representation using a simple arithmetic coder after training. Classification accuracy and model compressibility is maximized jointly, with the bitrate--accuracy trade-off specified by a hyperparameter. We evaluate the method on the MNIST, CIFAR-10 and ImageNet classification benchmarks using six distinct model architectures. Our results show that state-of-the-art model compression can be achieved in a scalable and general way without requiring complex procedures such as multi-stage training.
Conductor for a fluid-cooled winding and method for making same (1981)

A conductor and method of making the conductor are provided for use in winding electrical coils which are cooled by a fluid communicating with the conductor. The conductor is cold worked through twisting and reshaping steps to form a generally rectangular cross section conductor having a plurality of helical cooling grooves extending axially of the conductor. The conductor configuration makes it suitable for a wide variety of winding applications and permits the use of simple strip insulation between turns and perforated sheet insulation between layers of the winding.
A New Cocatalyst for Metallocene Complexes in Olefin Polymerization (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTA New Cocatalyst for Metallocene Complexes in Olefin PolymerizationYury V. Kissin, Thomas E. Nowlin, Robert I. Mink, and Anita J. BrandoliniView Author Information Edison Research Center, Mobil Chemical Company, P.O. Box 3029, Edison, New Jersey 08818-3029 Cite this: Macromolecules 2000, 33, 12, 4599–4601Publication Date (Web):May 26, 2000Publication History Received7 December 1999Published online26 May 2000Published inissue 1 June 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma992047ehttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma992047ebrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views600Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Chemical reactions,Copolymers,Hydrocarbons,Sandwich compounds Get e-Alerts
Spectrally efficient sensing protocol in cognitive relay systems (2011)

In this study, the authors consider a cognitive radio scenario and focus on the spectrum efficiency of sensing-transmission protocols for a secondary dual-hop relay system. A straightforward dedicated sensing protocol is first considered as a benchmark, where sensing is performed in dedicated sensing periods at both the source (S) and the relay (R) before their respective transmissions. This, however, leads to a substantial loss in spectrum efficiency for the secondary system. In view of the spectrum efficiency loss in the dedicated sensing protocol, the authors propose an alternative approach, namely simultaneous sensing protocol. In this protocol, sensing is only performed at S, during the period when R transmits to destination (D), by cancelling out the self-interference component that is known a priori. The authors derive the closed-form expression of the average probability of detection for the proposed simultaneous sensing protocol. Furthermore, by deriving the average collision time and average utilisation time for both the dedicated and simultaneous sensing protocols, the authors show that the simultaneous sensing protocol significantly improves the spectrum efficiency for the secondary system and also achieves a higher overall spectrum utilisation of the spectrum band, compared to the dedicated sensing protocol.
Real-Time Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Microscopy for Clinical Applications (2008)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Tyler S. Ralston, Steven G. Adie, Daniel L. Marks, Brynmor J. Davis, P. Scott Carney, and Stephen A. Boppart, "Real-Time Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Microscopy for Clinical Applications," Optics & Photonics News 19(12), 32-32 (2008) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Fast measurements of the motion and velocity spectrum of blood using MR tagging (2001)

A new method is presented for tracking the motion of blood and determining its velocity spectrum from magnetic resonance data collected within a single heartbeat. The method begins by tagging a column of blood in a vessel by combining a 1D SPAMM excitation with a 2D cylindrical excitation. A series of 1D projections of the tagging pattern is acquired from a train of gradient echoes. The influence of specific excitation profiles and velocity profiles on the motion of the tags is explored for steady flow. It is shown mathematically, and confirmed with phantom experiments, that the velocity of a tag equals the mean velocity of the excited fluid when the velocity spectrum is symmetric about its mean velocity. The velocity spectrum is derived by analyzing the interference between tags moving at different velocities. This appears to be the first use of magnitude tagging to obtain velocity spectra. Representative measurements in a human aorta are presented to assess feasibility in vivo. Magn Reson Med 45:461-469, 2001.
Poly(triphenylamine)-based composites for high-speed photorefractive response time (2013)

We first demonstrate the photorefractive (PR) performances of methyl-substituted poly(triarylamine) (PTAA)-based PR device with chemically modified electrodes (CME) of self-assembled monolayer (SAM) coated indium-tin-oxide (ITO) electrodes. The response time of 11.3 ms was achieved at lower electric field of 20 V μm−1, which was comparable to the response time of high-definition television (HDTV) quality, 16 ms. Our approach will widen the usage of higher mobility materials to photorefractive field and give us more favorable materials to achieve the best performance of photorefractivity in the future.
A computer-terminal, hardware/software system with enhanced user input capabilities (1976)

The Enhanced-Input Terminal project is directed at providing major new degrees of freedom for touch-type computer input, especially for on-line use of interactive computer systems. The terminal comprises an integrated of hardware and software. While various choices are available for the actual input and output devices, the present prototype utilizes video display for both devices and a "cross-wire", touch-sensitive input panel. The EITS allows an "author" to define an essentially infinite set of symbols, and an infinite variety of "keyboard" formats. Chord inputs (i.e., simultaneous, multiple-"key" combinations) are also supported. Symbols can be defined in terms of dot matrices, generalized graphics, symbol strings, and functional operations. In spite of the complete generality afforded, the integrated system develops a standard-type of binary-bit-coded input stream, in which the individual symbols are uniquely and canonically represented, and which is amenable to all of the usual "text-file" operations, such as character manipulation, editing, transmission and re-display.
2-GHz Band Cryogenically-Cooled GaN HEMT Amplifier for Mobile Base Station Receivers (2007)

This paper presents a 2-GHz band gallium nitride (GaN) high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) amplifier cryogenically cooled to 60 K as a part of the cryogenic receiver front-end (CRFE) for mobile base station receivers. The GaN HEMT amplifier attains the output power of 3 W and the maximum power added efficiency of 62% with a 50 V drain bias for class-AB operation. The results reported herein are the first on the performance of a cryogenically cooled GaN HEMT amplifier aiming at use in a 2-GHz band CRFE.
<title>Learning algorithms for both real-time detection of solder shorts and for SPC measurement correction using cross-sectional x-ray images of PCBA solder joints</title> (1994)

Learning algorithms are introduced for use in the inspection of cross-sectional X-ray images of solder joints. These learning algorithms improve measurement accuracy by accounting for localized shading effects that can occur when inspecting double- sided printed circuit board assemblies. Two specific examples are discussed. The first is an algorithm for detection of solder short defects. The second algorithm utilizes learning to generate more accurate statistical process control measurements.
Orientation-aware plasma cell-free DNA fragmentation analysis in open chromatin regions informs tissue of origin (2019)

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in human plasma is a class of biomarkers with many current and potential future diagnostic applications. Recent studies have shown that cfDNA molecules are not randomly fragmented and possess information related to their tissues of origin. Pathologies causing death of cells from particular tissues result in perturbations in the relative distribution of DNA from the affected tissues. Such tissue-of-origin analysis is particularly useful in the development of liquid biopsies for cancer. It is therefore of value to accurately determine the relative contributions of the tissues to the plasma DNA pool in a simultaneous manner. In this work, we report that in open chromatin regions, cfDNA molecules show characteristic fragmentation patterns reflected by sequencing coverage imbalance and differentially phased fragment end signals. The latter refers to differences in the read densities of sequences corresponding to the orientation of the upstream and downstream ends of cfDNA molecules in relation to the reference genome. Such cfDNA fragmentation patterns preferentially occur in tissue-specific open chromatin regions where the corresponding tissues contributed DNA into the plasma. Quantitative analyses of such signals allow measurement of the relative contributions of various tissues toward the plasma DNA pool. These findings were validated by plasma DNA sequencing data obtained from pregnant women, organ transplantation recipients, and cancer patients. Orientation-aware plasma DNA fragmentation analysis therefore has potential diagnostic applications in noninvasive prenatal testing, organ transplantation monitoring, and cancer liquid biopsy.
Mapping B-Cell Epitopes of Hepatitis C Virus E2 Glycoprotein Using Human Monoclonal Antibodies from Phage Display Libraries (2001)

Clinical and experimental evidence indicates that the hepatitis C virus (HCV) E2 glycoprotein (HCV/E2) is the most promising candidate for the development of an effective anti-HCV vaccine. Identification of the human epitopes that are conserved among isolates and are able to elicit protective antibodies would constitute a significant step forward. This work describes the mapping of the B-cell epitopes present on the surface of HCV/E2, as recognized by the immune system during infection, by the analysis of the reciprocal interactions of a panel of human recombinant Fabs derived from an HCV-infected patient. Three unrelated epitopes recognized by antibodies with no neutralization-of-binding (NOB) activity were identified; a fourth, major epitope was defined as a clustering of minor epitopes recognized by Fabs endowed with strong NOB activity.