gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spectral control and temporal properties of resonant optical propulsion of dielectric microspheres in evanescent fiber couplers (2014)

Resonant light pressure effects provide new degrees of freedom for optical manipulation of microparticles. In particular, they can be used for optical sorting of photonic atoms with extraordinary uniform resonant properties. These atoms can be used as building blocks of structures and devices with engineered photonic dispersions. To study the spectral shape of the force peaks, we developed a method to precisely control the wavelength detuning between the tunable laser emission line and central position of the whispering gallery mode (WGM) peaks in tapered fiber-to-microsphere water-immersed couplers. Our method is achieved by integrating optical tweezers to individually manipulate microspheres and based on preliminary spectral characterization of WGM peak positions followed by setting a precise amount of laser wavelength detuning for optical propulsion experiments. We demonstrated dramatic enhancement of the optical forces exerted on 20 μm polystyrene spheres under resonant conditions. Spectral properties of the resonant force enhancement were studies with controlled laser line detuning. In addition, we observed the dynamics of radial trapping and longitudinal propelling process and analyzed their temporal properties. Our studies also demonstrated a stable radial trapping of microspheres near the surface of tapered fiber for high speed resonant optical propulsion along the fiber.
DNA topoisomerase III from extremely thermophilic archaebacteria. ATP-independent type I topoisomerase from Desulfurococcus amylolyticus drives extensive unwinding of closed circular DNA at high temperature (1991)

A second type I topoisomerase was purified from the extremely thermophilic archaebacterium Desulfurococcus amylolyticus. In contrast to the previously described reverse gyrase from this organism, the novel enzyme designated as Dam topoisomerase III is an ATP-independent relaxing topoisomerase. It is a monomer with Mr 108,000, as determined by electrophoresis under denaturing conditions and by size exclusion chromatography. Dam topoisomerase III, like other bacterial type I topoisomerases, absolutely requires Mg2+ for activity and is specific for single-stranded DNA. At 60-80 degrees C, it relaxes negatively but not positively supercoiled DNA and is inhibited by single-stranded M13 DNA. At 95 degrees C, the enzyme unwinds both positively and negatively supercoiled substrates and produces extensively unwound form I* and I** DNA. The peculiarities of DNA topoisomerization at high temperatures are discussed.
Bis(BOC) amino acid fluorides as reactive peptide coupling reagents (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBis(BOC) amino acid fluorides as reactive peptide coupling reagentsLouis A. Carpino, El Sayed M. E. Mansour, and Ayman El-FahamCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 15, 4162–4164Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00067a067https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00067a067research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views600Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Distributed Delay-Power Control Algorithms for Bandwidth Sharing in Wireless Networks (2011)

In this paper, we formulate a delay-power control (DPC) scheme for wireless networking, which efficiently balances delay against transmitter power on each wireless link. The DPC scheme is scalable, as each link autonomously updates its power based on the interference observed at its receiver; no cross-link communication is required. It is shown that DPC converges to a unique equilibrium power and several key properties are established, concerning the nature of channel bandwidth sharing achieved by the links. The DPC scheme is contrasted to the well-known Foschini-Miljanic (FM) formulation for transmitter power control in wireless networks, and some key advantages are established. Based on the DPC and FM schemes, two protocols are developed, which leverage adaptive tuning of DPC parameters. One of them is inspired by TCP and exhibits analogous behavior. This paper primarily focuses on the theoretical underpinnings of DPC and their practical implications for efficient protocol design. The DPC dynamics are also investigated numerically.
Conformational mAb as a Tool for Integrin Ligand Discovery (2009)

alpha(4)beta(1)-Integrin (very late antigen-4 (VLA-4)) mediates cell adhesion to cell surface ligands (VCAM-1). Binding of VLA-4 to VCAM-1 initiates rolling and firm adhesion of leukocytes to vascular endothelium followed by the extravasation into the tissue. VLA-4-dependent adhesion plays a key role in controlling leukocyte adhesive events. Small molecules that bind to the integrin ligand-binding site and block its interaction with natural ligands represent promising candidates for treatment of several diseases. Following a flow cytometric screen for small molecule discovery, we took advantage of a conformationally sensitive anti-beta(1)-integrin antibody (HUTS-21) and a small LDV-containing ligand (LDV-FITC) with known affinity to study binding affinities of several known and recently discovered integrin ligands. We found that binding of the LDV-containing small molecule induced exposure of HUTS-21 epitope and that the EC(50) for antibody binding was equal to previously reported K(d) for fluorescent LDV (LDV-FITC). Thus, binding of HUTS-21 can be used to report ligand-binding site occupancy. We studied binding of two known integrin ligands (YLDV and TR14035), as well as of two novel compounds. EC(50) values for HUTS-21 binding showed good correlation with K(i)s determined in the competition assay with LDV-FITC for all ligands. A docking model suggests a common mode of binding for the small molecule VLA-4 ligands. This novel approach described here can be used to determine ligand-binding affinities for unlabeled integrin ligands, and can be adapted to a high-throughput screening format for identification of unknown integrin ligands.
Optical imaging of single protein size, charge, mobility, binding and conformational change (2018)

Abstract Protein analysis has relied on electrophoresis, mass spectroscopy and immunoassay, which separate, detect and identify proteins based on the size, charge, mobility and binding to antibodies. However, measuring these quantities at the single molecule level has not been possible. We tether a protein to a surface with a flexible polymer, drive the protein into mechanical oscillation with an alternating electric field, and image the protein oscillation with a near field imaging method, from which we determine the size, charge, mobility of the protein. We also measure binding of antibodies to single proteins and ligand binding-induced conformational changes in single proteins. This work provides new capabilities for protein analysis and disease biomarker detection at the single molecule level.
Optimized dipole antennas on photonic band gap crystals (1995)

Photonic band gap crystals have been used as a perfectly reflecting substrate for planar dipole antennas in the 12–15 GHz regime. The position, orientation, and driving frequency of the dipole antenna on the photonic band gap crystal surface, have been optimized for antenna performance and directionality. Virtually no radiated power is lost to the photonic crystal resulting in gains and radiation efficiencies larger than antennas on other conventional dielectric substrates.
New MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) buffer used to eliminate backgating in gaas mesfets (1988)

A new buffer layer has been developed that eliminates backgating between MESFET's fabricated in active layers grown upon it. The new buffer is grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) at low substrate temperatures (150-300 C) using Ga and As4 beam fluxes. It is highly resistive, optically inactive, and crystalline, and high-quality GaAs active layers can be grown on top of the new buffer. MESFET's fabricated in active layers grown on top of this new buffer show improved output resistance and breakdown voltages; the dc and Rf characteristics are otherwise comparable to MESFET's fabricated by alternative means and with other buffer layers.
Burst suppression probability algorithms: state-space methods for tracking EEG burst suppression (2013)

The state-space approach suggests a principled and informative way to analyze burst suppression that can be used to monitor, and eventually to control, the brain states of patients in the operating room and in the intensive care unit.
Zeta-Potential of Fouled Thin Film Composite Membrane. (1999)

The surface zeta-potential of a cross-linked polyamide thin film composite reverse osmosis membrane was measured using an electrophoresis method. It was confirmed that this method could be effectively applied to analyze the fouling of such membranes.It is known that the water flux of membranes drastically decreases as a result of fouling by surfactants. Although the surfactants adsorbed on reverse osmosis membranes could not be detected by conventional methods such as SEM, EDX and FT-IR, their presence could be clarified by the profile measurements of the surface zeta-potential. The profiles of the membrane surface zeta-potentials changed to more positive values in the measured pH range as a result of fouling by cationic or amphoteric surfactants. This measuring method of surface zeta-potentials allowed us to analyze a very small amount of fouling of a thin film composite reverse osmosis membrane.This method could be used to analyze the fouled surface of the thin film composite reverse osmosis membrane which is used for production of ultrapure water and shows a remarkable decrease in flux. It also became clear that this method is easy and effective for the reverse osmosis membrane surface analysis of adsorbed materials such as surfactants.
On comparison of online secondary path modeling methods with auxiliary noise (2005)

In the past few years, many methods were proposed to model the so-called secondary path on line for an active noise control (ANC) system. In these methods, an auxiliary noise is employed to excite the modeling process. Among many factors to affect the performance of these methods, some play important roles. They are: 1) power of auxiliary noise; 2) ability to detect secondary path change; 3) optimal step sizes for adaptive filters used in an ANC system and 4) independence between ANC and secondary path modeling processes. In literature, however, there is lack of analysis to show how these factors affect the performance of the ANC system. Moreover, the aforementioned online secondary path modeling methods have not been systematically evaluated. In this paper, the performance of these methods is evaluated by investigating the above-mentioned factors through both statistical analysis and computer simulations.
The FIR Filter Bank with Given Analysis Filters That Minimizes Various Worst-Case Measures of Error at the Same Time (2005)

We present a scan-type discrete approximation of an FIR filter bank that minimizes various worst-case measures of error, including the long-range worst-case measures of error in the time-domain or the frequency-domain. Discrete interpolation functions are presented which vanish outside the prescribed domain in the integer time-axis and are realized by FIR filters.
New-Generation Thermal Neutron Detectors and Electronics for High-Count-Rate Applications (2014)

Neutron measurements are important in many nonproliferation and treaty verification applications. Helium-3 proportional counters and analog electronics are the backbone of neutron detection systems. Helium-3 tubes with a 1-in. diameter have been used with classical electronics for over three decades because of the almost ideal behavior of the <sup>3</sup>He tube as a neutron detector. However, some demanding applications of <sup>3</sup>He tubes (high gamma dose rate, high count rate) and the use of non-ideal detectors (such as <sup>10</sup>B-lined proportional counters) mean that the limitations of these conventional systems are being reached. For example, neutron multiplicity deadtime corrections can be large, and some applications have had trouble with multiple pulsing. Also, instrumentation designs for spent fuel applications often rely on large amounts of lead shielding to reduce the gamma dose at the detector location, making them heavy and expensive. This major challenge for a short dead time and operation in high gamma fields is difficult to address by simply changing the gas admixture and tweaking the shaper time constants. Those small gains are adequate for measurements of some lower-burn-up, low-enrichment-uranium spent fuel assemblies, but not for mixed oxide (MOX) fuel or advanced fast reactor fuel, where the neutron source term is greater.
<title>Animal on a chip: a microscale cell culture analog device for evaluating toxicological and pharmacological profiles</title> (2001)

With the increasing rate of discovery of new potential pharmaceuticals, an accurate high throughput screening method is needed to provide toxicology and pharmcology profiles of chemicals. This can be done using a cell culture analog device which uses interconnected tissue cultures to represent different organ systems in animals. A working prototype of microscale cell culture analog (CCA) device has been constructed. Cells cultured in the system have been shown to be viable for more than 24 hours. In this paper, we will present the development of this microscale CCA device as well as the integratable micropump we have created to produce the recirculating flow.
Molecular Cloning and Partial DNA Sequencing of the Collagenase Gene of <i>Vibrio alginolyticus</i> (1990)

DNA fragments Vibrio alginolyticus chemovar iophagus, at least 7 kb in length, were ligated to Escherichia coli expression vectors. Three clones of Escherichia coli HB101 (pLCO-1, pLCO-2, pLCO-3) were obtained by the colony immunoblotting method using anti-collagenase antibody. In Escherichia coli, all these genes produced collagenase antigens which were detected with Western blotting. The amino acid sequence of chemically purified collagenase fragments was also analyzed. An approximately 2.5 kb DNA fragment of the pLCO-1 clone was sequenced, and we found that portions of the deduced amino acid sequence of the chemically analyzed fragments. Therefore, it is highly probable that the gene studied in the present experiment is truly a collagenase structural gene.
A New High-Sensitivity Subsurface Electromagnetic Sensing System: Part II—Measurement Results (2008)

Abstract In a previous paper, we discussed the design of a new electromagnetic measurement system that employed an Alternating Target Antenna Coupling (ATAC) method to greatly improve the sensitivity and stability of the measurement system. In this paper, we demonstrate this new measurement system by applying it to the detection of various targets, including unexploded ordnance (UXO). First we demonstrate that this new measurement method increases survey efficiency because a richer data set is acquired at each measurement location. Our measurement results show that our current system will detect a standard pipe target at a 2.0-m depth below the earth's surface, which is 0.5-m deeper than the 1.5-m detection depth achieved by current state-of-the-art systems. When the full potential of the ATAC system is realized, we estimate that the projected depth of detection may increase to as much as 9 m. We also show that the measured responses of UXO are different based on the UXO's shape and material composition. The measurement results obtained with our current prototype show that the maximum range for detection of an 81-mm mortar and an 84-mm cannon projectile MK31 to be up to 1.25 m. When the full potential of the ATAC system is realized, we estimate that the projected depth of detection for these targets may increase to as much as 5 m.
Collaborative Industrial Automation (2011)

This chapter summarizes our latest results concerning the development and the industrial application of the emerging “collaborative industrial automation” technology and its powerful meaning for facilitating the integration of a dynamic reconfigurable shop floor into a virtual factory. It argues, in this respect, that having a conglomerate of distributed, autonomous, intelligent, fault-tolerant, and reconfigurable production units, which operate as a set of cooperating entities, is one promising platform to achieve both local and global manufacturing objectives. Furthermore, the authors hope that understanding the underlying scientific and technological background through the development and industrial application of the collaborative automation paradigm will not only inform the academic, research, and industrial world of an emerging control and automation paradigm, but also assist in the understanding of a new vision of the manufacturing system of the 21st century [a mix of collaborative units, i.e., people, software systems, processes, and equipment (hardware), integrated into a virtual factory].
Synthesis of Carboxylic Acids by Palladium‐Catalyzed Hydroxycarbonylation (2019)

The synthesis of carboxylic acids is of fundamental importance in the chemical industry and the corresponding products find numerous applications for polymers, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other manufactured chemicals. Although hydroxycarbonylations of olefins have been known for more than 60 years, currently known catalyst systems for this transformation do not fulfill industrial requirements, for example, stability. Presented herein for the first time is an aqueous-phase protocol that allows conversion of various olefins, including sterically hindered and demanding tetra-, tri-, and 1,1-disubstituted systems, as well as terminal alkenes, into the corresponding carboxylic acids in excellent yields. The outstanding stability of the catalyst system (26 recycling runs in 32 days without measurable loss of activity), is showcased in the preparation of an industrially relevant fatty acid. Key-to-success is the use of a built-in-base ligand under acidic aqueous conditions. This catalytic system is expected to provide a basis for new cost-competitive processes for the industrial production of carboxylic acids.
Fluorescence Sensor for the Quantification of Unbound Bilirubin Concentrations (2012)

The BL22P1B11-Rh probe provides accurate plasma sample B(f) concentrations with a single measurement, in 1 min with either a handheld B(f) meter or a laboratory fluorometer.
Investigation of laser shock processing. Volume 1: Executive summary (1980)

The objective of the program was to demonstrate that shock processing is a viable method of improving the fatigue and crack growth performance of mechanically fastened joints. It was shown that a decrease in crack growth rate can be achieved under specified conditions. These conditions involve compressive residual stress (induced by the process) which modify the crack shape and reduce and stress intensity factor. 2024-T3 aluminum alloy reacted better to the process than 7075-T6 aluminum. Results were better in thin (.125 inch) than thick (.250 inch) material. Initial design environmental and cost studies indicate that a laser shock processing system for use on a production line is feasible.
Iodine-Containing Mass-Defect-Tuned Dendrimers for Use as Internal Mass Spectrometry Calibrants (2017)

Calibrants based on synthetic dendrimers have been recently proposed as a versatile alternative to peptides and proteins for both MALDI and ESI mass spectrometry calibration. Because of their modular synthetic platform, dendrimer calibrants are particularly amenable to tailoring for specific applications. Utilizing this versatility, a set of dendrimers has been designed as an internal calibrant with a tailored mass defect to differentiate them from the majority of natural peptide analytes. This was achieved by incorporating a tris-iodinated aromatic core as an initiator for the dendrimer synthesis, thereby affording multiple calibration points (m/z range 600-2300) with an optimized mass-defect offset relative to all peptides composed of the 20 most common proteinogenic amino acids. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
On-chip Integrated All-Optical Fast Fourier Transform: Design and Analysis (2017)

We report the design of an all-optical fast Fourier transform (FFT) on a silicon-photonics on-chip platform, show the phase-, amplitude-, and delay sensitivity of the transfer function, and a delay performance of 20 Tbps.
Real-time Breaking Waves for Shallow Water Simulations (2007)

We present a new method for enhancing shallow water simulations by the effect of overturning waves. While full 3D fluid simulations can capture the process of wave breaking, this is beyond the capabilities of a pure height field model. 3D simulations, however, are still too expensive for real-time applications, especially when large bodies of water need to be simulated. The extension we propose overcomes this problem and makes it possible to simulate scenes such as waves near a beach, and surf riding characters in real-time. In a first step, steep wave fronts in the height field are detected and marked by line segments. These segments then spawn sheets of fluid represented by connected particles. When the sheets impinge on the water surface, they are absorbed and result in the creation of particles representing drops and foam. To enable interesting applications, we furthermore present a two-way coupling of rigid bodies with the fluid simulation. The capabilities and efficiency of the method will be demonstrated with several scenes, which run in real-time on today’s commodity hardware. 1
Synchronous Sensor Runout and Unbalance Compensation in Active Magnetic Bearings Using Bias Current Excitation (2001)

Sensor runout and unbalance are the dominant sources of periodic disturbances in magnetic bearings. Many algorithms have been investigated for individual runout and unbalance compensation but the problem of simultaneous compensation of the two disturbances remains essentially unsolved. The problem stems fundamentally from a lack of observability of disturbances with the same frequency content and is critical for applications where the rotor needs to be stabilized about its geometric center. A credible way to distinguish between the synchronous disturbances is to vary rotor speed but speed variation is not acceptable for many applications. We present in this paper a new method for simultaneous identification and compensation of synchronous runout and unbalance at constant rotor speed. Based on traditional adaptive control design, our method guarantees geometric center stabilization of the rotor through persistency of excitation generated by bearing stiffness variation. The variation in magnetic stiffness is achieved through perturbation of the bias currents in opposing electromagnetic coils in a manner that does not alter the equilibrium condition of the rotor. Our theoretical results are first validated through numerical simulations and then experiments on a laboratory test-rig. The experimental results adequately demonstrate efficacy of our approach and provide clues for future research directions.