gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation of an RNA-Directed RNA Polymerase–Specific cDNA Clone from Tomato (1998)

A 3600-bp RNA-directed RNA polymerase (RdRP)-specific cDNA comprising an open reading frame (ORF) of 1114 amino acids was isolated from tomato. The putative protein encoded by this ORF does not share homology with any characterized proteins. Antibodies that were raised against synthetic peptides whose sequences have been deduced from the ORF were shown to specifically detect the 127-kD tomato RdRP protein. The immunoresponse to the antibodies correlated with the enzymatic activity profile of the RdRP after chromatography on Q-, poly(A)-, and poly(U)-Sepharose, hydroxyapatite, and Sephadex G-200 columns. DNA gel blot analysis revealed a single copy of the RdRP gene in tomato. RdRP homologs from petunia, Arabidopsis, tobacco, and wheat were identified by using polymerase chain reaction. A sequence comparison indicated that sequences homologous to RdRP are also present in the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe and in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. The previously described induction of RdRP activity upon viroid infection is shown to be correlated with an increased steady state level of the corresponding mRNA. The possible involvement of this heretofore functionally elusive plant RNA polymerase in homology-dependent gene silencing is discussed.
Novel supported sorbent for hot gas desulfurization (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel supported sorbent for hot gas desulfurizationAysel T. Atimtay, Lee D. Gasper-Galvin, and James A. PostonCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1993, 27, 7, 1295–1303Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00044a002https://doi.org/10.1021/es00044a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views216Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Serum profiling of healthy aging identifies phospho- and sphingolipid species as markers of human longevity (2014)

As centenarians well represent the model of healthy aging, there are many important implications in revealing the underlying molecular mechanisms behind such successful aging. By combining NMR metabonomics and shot-gun lipidomics in serum we analyzed metabolome and lipidome composition of a group of centenarians with respect to elderly individuals. Specifically, NMR metabonomics profiling of serum revealed that centenarians are characterized by a metabolic phenotype distinct from that of elderly subjects, in particular regarding amino acids and lipid species. Shot- gun lipidomics approach displays unique changes in lipids biosynthesis in centenarians, with 41 differently abundant lipid species with respect to elderly subjects. These findings reveal phospho/sphingolipids as putative markers and biological modulators of healthy aging, in humans. Considering the particular actions of these metabolites, these data are suggestive of a better counteractive antioxidant capacity and a well-developed membrane lipid remodelling process in the healthy aging phenotype.
Low-cost high-quality Fe-based shape memory alloys suitable for pipe joints (2003)

By addition of small amount of Nb and C to the conventional Fe-Mn-Si based shape memory alloys, shape memory properties are greatly improved in such an extent that the costly 'training' heat treatment is no more necessary. The key to this remarkable improvement of shape memory effect is to produce small NbC precipitates of about several nm in size in austenite. In order to generate such very small NbC particles, the sample is firstly rolled at 870 K and then aged at 1070 K. An example of Fe-28Mn-6Si-5Cr-0.53Nb-0.06C (mass %) alloy is shown; 95% shape recovery for initial strain of 4% is obtained and the shape recovery stress of about 300 MPa is attained for the sample pre-rolled 14%, which is well above the criterion for industry application of pipe jointing. A pipe jointing with this material is demonstrated.
The Determination of In-Situ Film Hole Flow Rates Using a Transient Thermal Inertia Method (2003)

Film hole flow rates are conventionally characterized by a discharge coefficient relating the actual mass flow rate to the theoretical ideal flow rate based upon some measured effective hole diameter or flow area. These discharge coefficients are typically measured on controlled test plates that contain the particular size, shape, and fabrication method for an individual film hole type. Such discharge coefficients are then assumed to apply to all of the in-situ film holes of that type which are machined or formed in the as-fabricated cooled turbine component. The thermal-mechanical analysis of the component is then performed using these assumed values to calculate film hole flow rates. In practice however, every film hole in a cooled airfoil is different due to machine tool wear, surface curvatures, laser drift, coating variations, and local flow supply behavior. A new method has been developed and demonstrated which allows determination of the individual film hole flow rates in-situ for an as-fabricated component, thus avoiding the need for assumed discharge coefficients or highly detailed flow checks. This method uses the thermal transient characteristics of external surface points near an active film hole to determine the flow rate through the hole. An imaging Infrared system is used to record the component response to an induced thermal cooling transient in which the film hole internal heat transfer dominates the local thermal transient behavior. The characteristic of the non-dimensionalized thermal decay is related to the flow rate within each individual film hole using a limited calibration function. This method allows the rapid inspection and quantification of detailed film hole flows for actual parts, which data may then be used in the analysis and health monitoring of parts in operation.
Synthesis and assembly of human vault particles in yeast (2018)

Vault particles are the largest naturally occurring ribonucleoprotein complexes found in the cytoplasm. In all 78 copies of major vault protein (MVP) assemble on polyribosome templates, forming recombinant vault particles, which are of great interest as encapsulation carriers for therapeutics delivery and enzyme stabilization. Baculovirus-insect cell expression is the only system that has been developed for recombinant vault synthesis, but it has low scalability and slow production rate. In this study, we demonstrated the first use of yeast cells for the production of vault particles with full integrity and functionality solely by expressing the complementary DNA (cDNA) encoding MVP. Vaults synthesized in Pichia pastoris yeast cells are morphologically indistinguishable from recombinant vault particles produced in insect cells, and are able to package and stabilize enzymes resulting in improved longevity and catalytic efficiency. Thus, our results imply that the yeast system is an economical alternative to insect cells for the production of recombinant vaults. The consistency of vault morphology between yeast and insect cell systems also underlines that polyribosome templating may be conserved among eukaryotes, which promises the synthesis and assembly of recombinant human vault particles in other eukaryotic organisms.
The Case for LED-UVC as a Primary Disinfectant for Small Sustainable Drinking Water Systems (2019)

High loads of natural organic matter (NOM) in source water increase levels of toxic byproducts during disinfection, including trihalomethanes (THMs) which are formed when NOM is chlorinated. This study explores the efficacy of using UVC-LED as a primary disinfectant, with lower concentrations of chlorine used as a secondary disinfectant. Both treatment trains with conventional chlorination and UV irradiation with low chlorination reduced total coliforms and E. Coli counts to less than 1 Cfu/100 ml. UV with low chlorination produced approximately 4.6 times less THMs compared to conventional chlorination.
High speed imaging of dynamic processes with a switched source x-ray CT system (2015)

Conventional x-ray computed tomography (CT) scanners are limited in their scanning speed by the mechanical constraints of their rotating gantries and as such do not provide the necessary temporal resolution for imaging of fast-moving dynamic processes, such as moving fluid flows. The Real Time Tomography (RTT) system is a family of fast cone beam CT scanners which instead use multiple fixed discrete sources and complete rings of detectors in an offset geometry. We demonstrate the potential of this system for use in the imaging of such high speed dynamic processes and give results using simulated and real experimental data. The unusual scanning geometry results in some challenges in image reconstruction, which are overcome using algebraic iterative reconstruction techniques and explicit regularisation. Through the use of a simple temporal regularisation term and by optimising the source firing pattern, we show that temporal resolution of the system may be increased at the expense of spatial resolution, which may be advantageous in some situations. Results are given showing temporal resolution of approximately 500 μs with simulated data and 3 ms with real experimental data.
Mosaic (2013)

With the proliferation of online social networking (OSN) and mobile devices, preserving user privacy has become a great challenge. While prior studies have directly focused on OSN services, we call attention to the privacy leakage in mobile network data. This concern is motivated by two factors. First, the prevalence of OSN usage leaves identifiable digital footprints that can be traced back to users in the real-world. Second, the association between users and their mobile devices makes it easier to associate traffic to its owners. These pose a serious threat to user privacy as they enable an adversary to attribute significant portions of data traffic including the ones with NO identity leaks to network users' true identities. To demonstrate its feasibility, we develop the Tessellation methodology. By applying Tessellation on traffic from a cellular service provider (CSP), we show that up to 50% of the traffic can be attributed to the names of users. In addition to revealing the user identity, the reconstructed profile, dubbed as "mosaic," associates personal information such as political views, browsing habits, and favorite apps to the users. We conclude by discussing approaches for preventing and mitigating the alarming leakage of sensitive user information.
Liquid Crystal Emulsions That Intercept and Report on Bacterial Quorum Sensing (2020)

We report aqueous emulsions of thermotropic liquid crystals (LCs) that can intercept and report on the presence of <i>N</i>-acyl-l-homoserine lactones (AHLs), a class of amphiphiles used by pathogenic bacteria to regulate quorum sensing (QS), monitor population densities, and initiate group activities, including biofilm formation and virulence factor production. The concentration of AHL required to promote "bipolar" to "radial" transitions in micrometer-scale droplets of the nematic LC 4'-pentyl-cyanobiphenyl (5CB) decreases with increasing carbon number in the acyl tail, reaching a threshold concentration of 7.1 μM for 3-oxo-C12-AHL, a native QS signal in the pathogen <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. The LC droplets in these emulsions also respond to biologically relevant concentrations of the biosurfactant rhamnolipid, a virulence factor produced by communities of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> under the control of QS. Systematic studies using bacterial mutants support the conclusion that these emulsions respond selectively to the production of rhamnolipid and AHLs and not to other products produced by bacteria at lower (subquorate) population densities. Finally, these emulsions remain configurationally stable in growth media, enabling them to be deployed either in bacterial supernatants or <i>in situ</i> in bacterial cultures to eavesdrop on QS and report on changes in bacterial group behavior that can be detected in real time using polarized light. Our results provide new tools to detect and report on bacterial QS and virulence and a materials platform for the rapid and <i>in situ</i> monitoring of bacterial communication and resulting group behaviors in bacterial communities.
BCR-ABL protein expression in peripheral blood cells of chronic myelogenous leukemia patients undergoing therapy (1994)

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder associated with the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1) in more than 95% of these patients. The Ph1 and the resulting BCR-ABL fused genes are markers for this type of leukemia. In CML, the product of the fused BCR-ABL gene is typically a protein of approximately 2,000 amino acids termed P210 BCR-ABL. We have developed an assay for the BCR-ABL protein involving Western blotting of circulating white blood cells (WBC) with an anti-ABL monoclonal antibody that can detect P210 BCR-ABL and P145 ABL in peripheral blood cells from chronic phase Ph1-positive leukemia patients. This assay was used to analyze the BCR-ABL protein content of circulating WBC from CML patients before and after various treatments. In parallel to changes in percentages of Ph1-positive blood cells as determined by cytogenetic analyses of bone marrow samples, BCR-ABL protein expression in blood cells decreased or increased as patients entered remission or underwent relapse. Of interest, six Ph1-negative CML patients were BCR-ABL protein-positive. All except one had a rearrangement in the major breakpoint cluster region and that patient expressed P185 BCR-ABL and not P210. Our results indicate that the BCR-ABL Western blotting assay has clinical applications for both diagnosis and prospective evaluation of Ph1-positive and Ph1-negative CML patients.
Leiodermatolide, a Potent Antimitotic Macrolide from the Marine Sponge <i>Leiodermatium</i> sp. (2011)

From the deep: Leiodermatolide is a structurally unique macrolide isolated from the deep-water marine sponge Leiodermatium sp. which exhibits potent antiproliferative activity against a range of human cancer cell lines and drastic effects on spindle formation in mitotic cells. Its unprecedented polyketide skeleton and stereochemistry were established using a combination of experimental and computational NMR methods. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Novel design of AlGaInAs-InP lasers operating at 1.3 μm (1995)

A novel design of AlGaInAs-InP lasers operating at 1.3 /spl mu/m is proposed. A distinctive attribute of the proposed design is that the AlInGaAs active region is surrounded by an AlInAs electron stopper layer on the p-side and an InP hole stopper layer on the n-side. The stopper layers do not impede the carrier injection into the active region and at the same time reduce the thermionic emission of carriers out of the active region. Utilization of stopper layers allows one to increase the value of internal quantum efficiency and to select the waveguide material corresponding to the optimum optical confinement factor value.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Incorporation of Fluorene and Its Heterocyclic Spiro Derivatives To Realize High-Performance and Stable Sky-Blue-Emitting Arylgold(III) Complexes (2021)

A series of arylgold(III) complexes of tridentate diphenylpyridine ligand incorporated with fluorene and its heterocyclic spiro derivatives, spiro[fluorene-9,9'-xanthene] and spiro[acridine-9,9'-fluorene], as auxiliary ligands has been prepared. This class of complexes exhibits high decomposition temperatures of up to 387 °C, excellent film morphologies in solid-state thin films with a root-mean-square roughness smaller than 0.20 nm, as well as high photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 0.72 in solid-state thin films. Solution-processed organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) fabricated from this series of complexes as dopants show intense electroluminescence in the sky-blue region with maximum external quantum efficiencies of 10.0%. Taking advantage of their high thermal stability, vacuum-deposited OLEDs have also been fabricated and satisfactory operational lifetimes of ∼300 h have been recorded.
Ultrasound Detection Arrays via Coded Hadamard Apertures (2020)

In the medical fields, ultrasound detection is often performed with piezoelectric arrays that enable one to simultaneously map the acoustic fields at several positions. In this work, we develop a novel method for transforming a single-element ultrasound detector into an effective detection array by spatially filtering the incoming acoustic fields using a binary acoustic mask coded with cyclic Hadamard patterns. By scanning the mask in front of the detector, we obtain a multiplexed measurement data set from which a map of the acoustic field is analytically constructed. We experimentally demonstrate our method by transforming a single-element ultrasound detector into 1-D arrays with up to 59 elements.
Recurrence of Early Stage Colon Cancer Predicted by Expression Pattern of Circulating microRNAs (2014)

Systemic treatment of patients with early-stage cancers attempts to eradicate occult metastatic disease to prevent recurrence and increased morbidity. However, prediction of recurrence from an analysis of the primary tumor is limited because disseminated cancer cells only represent a small subset of the primary lesion. Here we analyze the expression of circulating microRNAs (miRs) in serum obtained pre-surgically from patients with early stage colorectal cancers. Groups of five patients with and without disease recurrence were used to identify an informative panel of circulating miRs using quantitative PCR of genome-wide miR expression as well as a set of published candidate miRs. A panel of six informative miRs (miR-15a, mir-103, miR-148a, miR-320a, miR-451, miR-596) was derived from this analysis and evaluated in a separate validation set of thirty patients. Hierarchical clustering of the expression levels of these six circulating miRs and Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the risk of disease recurrence of early stage colon cancer can be predicted by this panel of miRs that are measurable in the circulation at the time of diagnosis (P = 0.0026; Hazard Ratio 5.4; 95% CI of 1.9 to 15).
Asynchronous interlocked pipelined CMOS circuits operating at 3.3-4.5 GHz (2002)

Chip performance, power, noise, and clock synchronization are becoming formidable challenges as microprocessor performance moves into the GHz regime and beyond. Interlocked pipelined CMOS (IPCMOS), an asynchronous clocking technique, helps address these challenges. This paper shows how a typical block (e.g., Block D) is interlocked with all the blocks with which it interacts. In the forward direction, dedicated Valid signals emulate the worst-case path through each driving block and thus determine when data can be latched within the typical block. In the reverse direction, Acknowledge signals indicate that data has been received by the subsequent blocks and that new data may be processed within the typical block. In this interlocked approach local clocks are generated only when there is an operation to perform.
Lanthionine Synthetase Component C-Like Protein 2: A New Drug Target for Inflammatory Diseases and Diabetes (2014)

Lanthionine synthetase component C-like protein 2 (LANCL2) is a member of the LANCL protein family, which is broadly expressed throughout the body. LANCL2 is the molecular target of abscisic acid (ABA), a compound with insulin-sensitizing and immune modulatory actions. LANCL2 is required for membrane binding and signaling of ABA in immune cells. Direct binding of ABA to LANCL2 was predicted in silico using molecular modeling approaches and validated experimentally using ligand-binding assays and kinetic surface plasmon resonance studies. The therapeutic potential of the LANCL2 pathway ranges from increasing cellular sensitivity to anticancer drugs, insulin-sensitizing effects and modulating immune and inflammatory responses in the context of immune-mediated and infectious diseases. A case for LANCL2-based drug discovery and development is also illustrated by the anti-inflammatory activity of novel LANCL2 ligands such as NSC61610 against inflammatory bowel disease and influenza-driven inflammation in mice. This review discusses the value of LANCL2 as a novel therapeutic target for the discovery and development of new classes of orally active drugs against chronic metabolic, immune-mediated and infectious diseases.
77: Increased Urinary Levels of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Patients with Urinary Tract Infections: Identification of Novel MIF-Protein Complexes in Human Urine (2005)

from recurrent urinary tract infections. Proteus was the most frequent causative organism. The surgical approach was laparoscopic (transperitoneal) in II patients and open in 9 patients. One case was converted to open surgery due to dense perinephric adhesions. There were no intraperitoneal abcesses in the laparoscopic group.
Highly Undersampled Magnetic Resonance Image Reconstruction via Homotopic $\ell_{0}$-Minimization (2009)

In clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), any reduction in scan time offers a number of potential benefits ranging from high-temporal-rate observation of physiological processes to improvements in patient comfort. Following recent developments in compressive sensing (CS) theory, several authors have demonstrated that certain classes of MR images which possess sparse representations in some transform domain can be accurately reconstructed from very highly undersampled K-space data by solving a convex l(1) -minimization problem. Although l(1)-based techniques are extremely powerful, they inherently require a degree of over-sampling above the theoretical minimum sampling rate to guarantee that exact reconstruction can be achieved. In this paper, we propose a generalization of the CS paradigm based on homotopic approximation of the l(0) quasi-norm and show how MR image reconstruction can be pushed even further below the Nyquist limit and significantly closer to the theoretical bound. Following a brief review of standard CS methods and the developed theoretical extensions, several example MRI reconstructions from highly undersampled K-space data are presented.