gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transfection by Polyethyleneimine-Coated Microspheres (2001)

PEI-coated microspheres have potential as a DNA delivery device with advantages of the unique properties of PEI and ease of surface chemical modification.
Development of a highly-maneuverable unmanned underwater vehicle having an RF communication buoy (2012)

This paper presents an unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) with high maneuverability to be controlled in strong tidal currents. A radio buoy is connected to the UUV with an intermediate cable, and a wireless RF modem is installed to communicate with a support vessel. This paper presents the design and development of the UUV and the buoy systems. The vehicle equips with two main thrusters and four vertical/ horizontal tunnel thrusters in the middle of the vehicle. This paper discusses the hydrodynamic characteristics of the multiple thrusters, and strategies to maneuver the UUV with multiple thruster. Finally this paper presents effectiveness of the UUV with the buoy in conducting a simulated object installation.
THE NEWFOUNDLAND OFFSHORE BURN EXPERIMENT—NOBE (1995)

ABSTRACT A group of 25 agencies from Canada and the United States conducted a major offshore burn experiment near Newfoundland, Canada. Two lots of oil, about 50 cubic meters (50 tons) each, were released into a fireproof boom. Each burn lasted over an hour and was monitored for emissions and physical parameters. Over 200 sensors or samplers were employed to yield data on over 2000 parameters or substances. The operation was extensive; more than 20 vessels, 7 aircraft and 230 people were involved in the operation at sea. The quantitative analytical data show that the emissions from this in-situ oil fire were less than expected. All compounds and parameters measured more than about 150 meters from the fire were below occupational health exposure levels; very little was detected beyond 500 meters. Pollutants were found to be at lower values in the Newfoundland offshore burn than they were in previous pan tests. Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were found to be lower in the soot than in the starting oil and were consumed by the fire to a large degree. Particulates in the air were measured by several means and found to be of concern only up to 150 meters downwind at sea level. Combustion gases including carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, and carbon monoxide did not reach levels of concern. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were abundant, however their concentrations were less than emitted from the nonburning spill. Over 50 compounds were quantified, several at levels of concern up to 150 meters downwind. Water under the burns was analyzed; no compounds of concern could be found at the detection level of the methods employed. Toxicity tests performed on this water did not show any adverse effect. The burn residue was analyzed for the same compounds as the air samples. Overall, indications from these burn trials are that 150 meters or farther from the burn source emissions from in-situ burning are lower than health criteria levels.
Tests of torispherical pressure vessel heads convex to pressure (1977)

Eighteen pressure vessel heads having nine different geometries and made from two different steels were subjected to monotonically increasing external pressure until collapse occurred. Deflection of the crown and strains in the most highly strained regions of the concave side of the heads were recorded as functions of pressure. All heads underwent permanent deformations. Four modes of failure were observed: symmetrical buckling of the crown, asymmetrical buckling in the knuckle and transition region, asymmetrical buckling of the cylindrical wall, and progressive deformation without buckling.
Delayed GM‐CSF treatment stimulates axonal regeneration and functional recovery in paraplegic rats via an increased BDNF expression by endogenous macrophages (2006)

Macrophages (monocytes/microglia) could play a critical role in central nervous system repair. We have previously found a synchronism between the regression of spontaneous axonal regeneration and the deactivation of macrophages 3-4 wk after a compression-injury of rat spinal cord. To explore whether reactivation of endogenous macrophages might be beneficial for spinal cord repair, we have studied the effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the same paraplegia model and in cell cultures. There was a significant, though transient, improvement of locomotor recovery after a single delayed intraperitoneal injection of 2 microg GM-CSF, which also increased significantly the expression of Cr3 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) by macrophages at the lesion site. At longer survival delays, axonal regeneration was significantly enhanced in GM-CSF-treated rats. In vitro, BV2 microglial cells expressed higher levels of BDNF in the presence of GM-CSF and neurons cocultured with microglial cells activated by GM-CSF generated more neurites, an effect blocked by a BDNF antibody. These experiments suggest that GM-CSF could be an interesting treatment option for spinal cord injury and that its beneficial effects might be mediated by BDNF.
Powerful single-frequency ring dye laser spanning the visible spectrum (1982)

With an improved water-base dye solvent and 24-W all-lines pumping from an argon laser, we have generated 5.6 W of stabilized single-frequency output from a ring laser in rhodamine 6G dye. With this solvent, a mixture of ammonyx-LO and ethylene glycol chilled to 10 degrees C, thermal distortion of the jet no longer limits the dye laser output power, and the tuning curves reported here are all limited by available pump input levels. This single-frequency system has been optimized over the entire visible spectrum (407-887 nm), and results for the eleven best dyes are presented.
Neuromelanin-sensitive MRI as a noninvasive proxy measure of dopamine function in the human brain (2019)

Neuromelanin-sensitive MRI (NM-MRI) purports to detect the content of neuromelanin (NM), a product of dopamine metabolism that accumulates with age in dopamine neurons of the substantia nigra (SN). Interindividual variability in dopamine function may result in varying levels of NM accumulation in the SN; however, the ability of NM-MRI to measure dopamine function in nonneurodegenerative conditions has not been established. Here, we validated that NM-MRI signal intensity in postmortem midbrain specimens correlated with regional NM concentration even in the absence of neurodegeneration, a prerequisite for its use as a proxy for dopamine function. We then validated a voxelwise NM-MRI approach with sufficient anatomical sensitivity to resolve SN subregions. Using this approach and a multimodal dataset of molecular PET and fMRI data, we further showed the NM-MRI signal was related to both dopamine release in the dorsal striatum and resting blood flow within the SN. These results suggest that NM-MRI signal in the SN is a proxy for function of dopamine neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway. As a proof of concept for its clinical utility, we show that the NM-MRI signal correlated to severity of psychosis in schizophrenia and individuals at risk for schizophrenia, consistent with the well-established dysfunction of the nigrostriatal pathway in psychosis. Our results indicate that noninvasive NM-MRI is a promising tool that could have diverse research and clinical applications to investigate in vivo the role of dopamine in neuropsychiatric illness.
Phased array antenna suitable for a relay-aided WiMAX network (2013)

In this study, a planar 4×4 phased array including modified E-shaped radiation elements is designed and fabricated to be incorporated in a Relay Station (RS) for realizing the communication with the super-ordinate Base Station. The proposed array provides 12.4% bandwidth at the 3.5GHz frequency band and gain of 21.2dB. Moreover a beamforming module is designed and simulated, aimed to be connected to the proposed array and realizing beamforming applications. This module provides 650 MHz bandwidth around 3.5GHz frequency band and is used for proper power division and controlling the amplitude/phase of the excitation currents.
College English teaching mode based on intelligent robot (2019)

Using the traditional method to design college English teaching mode, normally the students' satisfaction is not high, which leads to the situation where the students' performance is not ideal. Therefore, a research method of college English teaching mode based on intelligent robots is proposed. Firstly, in order to realise the stable control of the intelligent robot in college English teaching, a motion planning model of the intelligent robot in college English teaching is constructed. Secondly, the control design of college English teaching machine is optimised. A specific improvement method to the college English teaching mode based on intelligent robots is proposed. Finally, the college English teaching mode based on intelligent robot is realised. According to the experimental results, the proposed method is significantly superior to the traditional method in terms of enhancement effect of students satisfaction and performance, indicating that the proposed method has high application value and certain reference value.
Adaptive MBSFN subframe allocation scheme for VBR video streaming over LTE‐A networks (2018)

Abstract Meeting the growing demand for multimedia services is still the main challenge for the current mobile network technologies. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project has proposed an emerging technology called multimedia broadcast/multicast service (MBMS). This service is gaining traction as a method of efficiently using the scarce wireless resources for multicasting the same content to a large number of users belonging to the same area. In the multicast broadcast single frequency network (MBSFN) context, the conventional approach specified by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project standard adopts a semistatic resource allocation mechanism for MBMS services according to their quality‐of‐service parameters. More precisely, the resources assigned to all MBMS service flows remain unchanged along the transmission period and reallocation may take place only when a new multicast session is admitted for transmission or a current session ends. This approach is inefficient and not suitable, especially for services with variable bit rate such as live video streaming. In this paper, we propose a proactive resource allocation algorithm that can dynamically adjust the subframe allocation within an MBSFN area in order to keep pace with the variable bit rate traffics' fluctuations. The basic idea of the proposed solution is to periodically reallocate the MBSFN subframes, in case of persistent over or under allocations, based on a linear prediction model of the resources actually consumed and the traffic behavior. The simulation results show that our proposed algorithm can reduce the waste of MBSFN resources, which could be used for other multicast or unicast transmissions, without violating the quality‐of‐service and fairness constraints.
[The development of multi-lead EEG telemetry and tele-monitoring system]. (2001)

This paper introduces a kind of EEG Telemetry and Tele-monitoring system. With the use of the public telephone network to transport signals and the portable EEG recording system as the sender of system, the EEG data of 20 standard leads can be transmitted to the receiver of system (monitoring center) synchronously. And at the monitoring center, the waves can be displayed real-time, freezing, stored, reviewed, analyzed and printed, thus providing aid in remote diagnosis and treatment consultations.
Dramatic Improvements in Strain Hardening and Crystallization Kinetics of PLA by Simple Reactive Modification in the Melt State (2014)

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is chemically modified by radical mediated solvent-free, peroxide-initiated grafting of triallyl trimesate (TAM) coagent in the melt state. When compared with the parent material and with PLA samples treated with peroxide alone, coagent-modified materials demonstrate higher molar mass and improved melt rheological properties, including substantial improvements in melt elasticity and strain hardening under uniaxial extension. Although similar rheological modifications are obtained by PLA chain extension using a multi-functional epoxide oligomeric chain extender, the coagent-modified material demonstrates significantly enhanced crystallinity and crystallization rates. The appearance of a distinct crystallization exothermic peak and the disappearance of the cold crystallization temperature point to a nucleation effect in the coagent modified PLA, which together with the rheological enhancements can promote the processability of this material in conventional thermoplastics operations.
DS-CDMA HARQ with Overlap FDE (2007)

SUMMARY Turbo coded hybrid ARQ (HARQ) is known as one of the promising error control techniques for high speed wireless packet access. However, in a severe frequency-selective fading channel, the HARQ throughput performance significantly degrades for direct sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) system using rake combining. This problem can be overcome by replacing the rake combining by the frequency-domain equalization (FDE) based on minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion. In a system with the conventional FDE, the guard interval (GI) is inserted to avoid the inter-block interference (IBI). The insertion of GI reduces the throughput. Recently, overlap FDE that requires no GI insertion was proposed. In this paper, we apply overlap FDE to HARQ and derive the MMSE-FDE weight for packet combining. Then, we evaluate the throughput performance of DS-CDMA HARQ with overlap FDE. We show that overlap FDE provides better throughput performance than both the rake combining and conventional FDE regardless of the degree of the channel frequency-selectivity.
Current-Driven Magnetic Excitations in Permalloy-Based Multilayer Nanopillars (2003)

We study current-driven magnetization switching in nanofabricated Ni84Fe16/Cu/Ni84Fe16 trilayers at 295 K and 4.2 K. The shape of the hysteretic switching diagram at low magnetic field changes from 295 K to 4.2 K. The reversible behavior at higher field involves two phenomena, a threshold current for magnetic excitations closely correlated with the switching current, and a peak in differential resistance characterized by telegraph noise, with average period that decreases exponentially with current and shifts with temperature. We interpret both static and dynamic results at 295 K and 4.2 K in terms of thermal activation over a potential barrier, with a current dependent effective magnetic temperature.
Chiral <i>Ansa</i> Metallocenes with Cp Ring-Fused to Thiophenes and Pyrroles:  Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Isotactic Polypropylene Catalysts  [<i>J. </i><i>Am. Chem. Soc.</i> <b>2001</b>, <i>123</i>, 4763−4773]. (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionChiral Ansa Metallocenes with Cp Ring-Fused to Thiophenes and Pyrroles: Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Isotactic Polypropylene Catalysts [J. Am. Chem. Soc.2001, 123, 4763−4773]. John A. Ewen, Michael J. Elder, Robert L. Jones, Arnold L. Rheingold, Louise M. Liable-Sands, and Roger D. SommerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 28, 6964Publication Date (Web):June 22, 2001Publication History Published online22 June 2001Published inissue 1 July 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja015157lhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja015157lcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views590Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (13 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Influence of Cholesterol and Bilayer Curvature on the Interaction of PPO–PEO Block Copolymers with Liposomes (2019)

Interactions of nonionic poly(ethylene oxide)- b-poly(propylene oxide) (PEO-PPO) block copolymers, known as Pluronics or poloxamers, with cell membranes have been widely studied for a host of biomedical applications. Herein, we report how cholesterol within phosphatidylcholine (POPC) lipid bilayer liposomes and bilayer curvature affects the binding of several PPO-PEO-PPO triblocks with varying PPO content and a tPPO-PEO diblock, where t refers to a tert-butyl end group. Pulsed-field-gradient NMR was employed to quantify the extent of copolymer associated with liposomes prepared with cholesterol concentrations ranging from 0 to 30 mol % relative to the total content of POPC and cholesterol and vesicle extrusion radii of 25, 50, or 100 nm. The fraction of polymer bound to the liposomes was extracted from NMR data on the basis of the very different mobilities of the bound and free polymers in aqueous solution. Cholesterol concentration was manipulated by varying the molar percentage of this sterol in the POPC bilayer preparation. The membrane curvature was varied by adjusting the liposome size through a conventional pore extrusion technique. Although the PPO content significantly influences the overall amount of block copolymer adsorbed to the liposome, we found that polymer binding decreases with increasing cholesterol concentration in a universal fashion, with the fraction of bound polymer dropping 10-fold between 0 and 30 mol % cholesterol relative to the total content of POPC and cholesterol. Increasing the bilayer curvature (decreasing the radius of the liposome) in the absence of cholesterol increases polymer binding between 2- and 4-fold over the range of liposome sizes studied. These results demonstrate that cholesterol plays a dominant role, and bilayer curvature has a less significant impact as the curvature decreases, on polymer-membrane association.
Temporal Electrogram Analysis: Algorithm Development (1990)

The automatic discrimination of physiological from pathological tachycardias by rate criteria alone lacks adequate specificity. Tachycardia detection algorithms based upon morphological analysis of the endocardial electrogram have been attributed high specificity although their specificity has not been proven. A previous study had shown temporal electrogram analysis (TEA) to be an algorithm of high sensitivity in the detection of ventricular arrhythmias despite low computational demands. In this study, the specificity and potential for automatic implementation have been assessed. Manual adjustment of thresholds for individual patients gave a maximum potential sensitivity of 97% (26/27 arrhythmias correctly recognized as non-sinus). The use of automatic setting of thresholds reduced sensitivity to 81%. The specificity of the algorithm, as assessed by exercise testing, was only 60%.
Leucine-Rich Repeat-Containing G Protein-Coupled Receptor-4 (LGR4, Gpr48) Is Essential for Renal Development in Mice (2006)

Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor (LGR)-4 is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) with a seven-transmembrane domain structure. LGRs are evolutionally and structurally phylogenetic, classified into three subgroups and are members of the so-called orphan receptors whose ligands have yet to be identified. We generated knockout mice lacking Lgr4(Gpr48) by targeted deletion of part of exon 18, which codes for the transmembrane and signal-transducing domains of the receptor. Lgr4 null mice were born at much less than the 25% expected frequency from crosses of Lgr4 heterozygous mice (Lgr4+/-). Lgr4 null mice that survived in utero died shortly after birth in almost all cases. We observed striking renal hypoplasia in the null mice, accompanied by elevated concentration of plasma creatinine. Histological analysis of the P0 null mouse kidney showed a notable decrease in the total number and density of the glomerulus. Thus, the function of Lgr4 is essential to regulate renal development in the mouse. This study suggests that the Lgr4 gene is a new and important member of LGRs involved in a group of genes responsible for hereditary disease in the kidney.
SmartRegion: a region-based, distributed approach to software defined networks (2016)

Redistribution of the intelligence and management in the software defined networks (SDNs) is a potential approach to address the bottlenecks of scalability and integrity of these networks. We propose to revisit the routing concept based on the notion of regions. Using basic and consistent definition of regions, a region-based packet routing framework called SmartRegion routing is presented. The flexibility of regions in terms of naming and addressing is then leveraged in the form of a region stack among other features placed in the associated packet header. In this way, most of complexity and dynamicity of a network is absorbed, and therefore, highly fast and simplified routing at the inter-region level along with semi-autonomous intra-region routing will be feasible. In addition, multipath planning can be naturally realised at both inter- and intra-levels. Simplicity, scalability, and manageability of the proposed approach would also bring future potentials to reduce energy consumption and environmental footprint associated to the SDNs. First, a basic form of SmartRegion routing mechanism is provided. Then, various applications, such as enabling seamless broadband access, providing beyond the internet protocol addressing mechanisms, and also address-equivalent naming mechanisms, are considered and discussed.
Cooperative object manipulation in immersive virtual environments (2002)

Cooperative manipulation refers to the simultaneous manipulation of a virtual object by multiple users in an immersive virtual environment. This paper describes a framework supporting the development of collaborative manipulation techniques, and example techniques we have tested within this framework. We describe the modeling of cooperative interaction techniques, methods of combining simultaneous user actions, and the awareness tools used to provide the necessary knowledge of partner activities during the cooperative interaction process. Our framework is based on a Collaborative Metaphor concept that defines rules to combine user interaction techniques. The combination is based on the separation of degrees of freedom between two users. Finally, we present novel combinations of two interaction techniques (Simple Virtual Hand and Ray-casting).
Tunable femtosecond pulses in the near vacuum ultraviolet generated by frequency conversion of amplified Ti:sapphire laser pulses (1993)

Frequency transformation of high-power Ti:sapphire laser pulses in three β-barium borate crystals resulted in 180-fs optical pulses tunable from 189 to 200 nm. UV pulses with energies of as much as 4 μJ at 200 nm with a 1-kHz repetition rate and pulses with energies of more than 2 μJ at 193 nm with a 20-Hz repetition rate were produced.