gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sleeping Beauty transposase structure allows rational design of hyperactive variants for genetic engineering (2016)

Sleeping Beauty (SB) is a prominent Tc1/mariner superfamily DNA transposon that provides a popular genome engineering tool in a broad range of organisms. It is mobilized by a transposase enzyme that catalyses DNA cleavage and integration at short specific sequences at the transposon ends. To facilitate SB's applications, here we determine the crystal structure of the transposase catalytic domain and use it to model the SB transposase/transposon end/target DNA complex. Together with biochemical and cell-based transposition assays, our structure reveals mechanistic insights into SB transposition and rationalizes previous hyperactive transposase mutations. Moreover, our data enables us to design two additional hyperactive transposase variants. Our work provides a useful resource and proof-of-concept for structure-based engineering of tailored SB transposases.
Integrated Photon Upconversion Solar Cell via Molecular Self-Assembled Bilayers (2016)

Molecular photon upconversion, by way of triplet–triplet annihilation (TTA-UC), is an intriguing strategy to increase solar cell efficiencies beyond the Shockley–Queisser limit. Here we introduce self-assembled bilayers of acceptor and sensitizer molecules on high surface area electrodes as a means of generating an integrated TTA-UC dye-sensitized solar cell. Intensity dependence and IPCE measurements indicate that bilayer films effectively generate photocurrent by two different mechanisms: (1) direct excitation and electron injection from the acceptor molecule and (2) low-energy light absorption by the sensitizer molecule followed by TTA-UC and electron injection from the upconverted state. The power conversion efficiency from the upconverted photons is the highest yet reported for an integrated TTA-UC solar cell. Energy transfer and photocurrent generation efficiency of the bilayer device is also directly compared to the previously reported heterogeneous UC scheme.
Sizing, Analysis, and Verification of Axial Flux-Switching Permanent Magnet Machine (2019)

This paper proposes the analytical design methods of axial flux-switching permanent magnet (AxFSPM) machines. The analytical design methods take the influences of electric and magnetic loadings into account to calculate the specific sizing and scalability of the AxFSPM machine. In addition, the winding functions are implemented to derive the self-, mutual-, d-axis, and q-axis inductances. The results of analytical design methods indicate that the magnetic loading has bigger impact on the stator dimensions of AxFSPM machines than the electrical loading. The d- and q-axis inductances of the all-pole-wound AxFSPM machines are similar under the same number of slots and turns. A prototype is manufactured using analytical design methods. The experimental results show that the prototype machine achieves target specification and the usefulness of the proposed design method is verified.
Tapered-rib adiabatic-following fiber coupler (1996)

Short communication.
TRB3: A <i>tribbles</i> Homolog That Inhibits Akt/PKB Activation by Insulin in Liver (2003)

Insulin resistance is a major hallmark in the development of type II diabetes, which is characterized by the failure of insulin to promote glucose uptake in muscle and to suppress glucose production in liver. The serine-threonine kinase Akt (PKB) is a principal target of insulin signaling that inhibits hepatic glucose output when glucose is available from food. Here we show that TRB3, a mammalian homolog of Drosophila tribbles, functions as a negative modulator of Akt. TRB3 expression is induced in liver under fasting conditions, and TRB3 disrupts insulin signaling by binding directly to Akt and blocking activation of the kinase. Amounts of TRB3 RNA and protein were increased in livers of db/db diabetic mice compared with those in wild-type mice. Hepatic overexpression of TRB3 in amounts comparable to those in db/db mice promoted hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance. Our results suggest that, by interfering with Akt activation, TRB3 contributes to insulin resistance in individuals with susceptibility to type II diabetes.
A method for rapid personalization of audio equalization parameters (2009)

Potential users of audio production software, such as audio equalizers, may be discouraged by the complexity of the interface. We describe a system that simplifies the interface by quickly mapping an individual's preferred sound manipulation onto parameters for audio equalization. This system learns mappings by presenting a sequence of equalizer settings to the user and correlating the gain in each frequency band with the user's preference rating. Learning typically converges in 25 user ratings (under two minutes). The system then creates a simple on-screen slider that lets the user manipulate the audio in terms of the descriptive term, without need to learn or use the parameters of an equalizer. Results are reported on the speed and effectiveness of the system for a set of 19 users and a set of five descriptive terms.
Changes in the Cross-Sectional Profile of Treated Anterior Cruciate Ligament Within 2 Years After Surgery (2022)

NCT02664545 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).
Direct chip-scale optical frequency divider via regenerative harmonic injection locking (2021)

A novel optical frequency division technique, called regenerative harmonic injection locking, is used to transfer the timing stability of an optical frequency comb with a repetition rate in the millimeter wave range (∼300<i>G</i><i>H</i><i>z</i>) to a chip-scale mode-locked laser with a ∼10<i>G</i><i>H</i><i>z</i> repetition rate. By doing so, the 300 GHz optical frequency comb is optically divided by a factor of 30× to 10 GHz. The stability of the mode-locked laser after regenerative harmonic injection locking is ∼10<sup>-12</sup> at 1 s with a 1/<i>τ</i> trend. To facilitate optical frequency division, a coupled opto-electronic oscillator is implemented to assist the injection locking process. This technique is exceptionally power efficient, as it uses less than 100µ<i>W</i> of optical power to achieve stable locking.
Ultrabright Fluorescent Silica Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: Control of Particle Size and Dye Loading (2011)

Abstract The synthesis of ultrabright fluorescent mesoporous silica nanoparticles (UFSNPs) of various sizes loaded with different amounts of fluorescent dye (Rhodamine 6G) is reported here. The dye is physically entrapped inside the nanochannels of the silica matrix created during templated sol–gel self assembly. Due to the specific nanoenvironment, the fluorescence of the encapsulated dye molecules remains unquenched up to very high concentrations, which results in relatively high fluorescence. The particle size (ranging from 20–50 nm) and dye loading (0.8–9.3 mg dye per g particles) are controlled by the timing of the synthesis and the concentration of several organotriethoxysilanes, which are coprecursors of silica. The quantum yields of the encapsulated dye range from 0.65 to 1.0. The relative brightness of a single particle is equivalent to the fluorescence of 30–770 free nondimerized R6G dye molecules in water, or to that of 1.5–39 CdSe/ZnS quantum dots. Despite the presence of some hydrophobic groups on the particles' surfaces, colloidal suspensions of the particles are relatively stable (as monitored for 120 days).
Electrical characterizations of a controllable field emission triode based on low temperature synthesized ZnO nanowires (2005)

Fabrication and field emission properties of a ZnO nanowire (NW) triode were investigated in this study. The ZnO NWs have a single-crystalline wurtzite structure, ∼50 nm diameter and 3.4 × 1010 cm−2 number density. The ZnO NW triode shows good and controllable emission properties with the turn-on anode electric field (at a current density of 1 µA cm−2), threshold anode electric field (at a current density of 1 mA cm−2) and field enhancement factor of 1.6, 2.1 V µm−1 and 3340, respectively. The ZnO NW triode exhibits transistor characteristics with a gate leakage region, linear region and saturation region. Furthermore, the controllable field emission performance of the ZnO NW triode can be enhanced by illumination and argon ion bombardment. A low temperature Si-based microelectronic compatible fabrication process was provided for successfully making ZnO NW based triodes with good field emission properties.
Heterologous Expression of Two Ferulic Acid Esterases from Penicillium funiculosum (2007)

Two recombinant ferulic acid esterases from Penicillium funiculosum produced in Aspergillus awamori were evaluated for their ability to improve the digestibility of pretreated corn stover. The genes, faeA and faeB, were cloned from P. funiculosum and expressed in A. awamori using their native signal sequences. Both enzymes contain a catalytic domain connected to a family 1 carbohydrate-binding module by a threonine-rich linker peptide. Interestingly, the carbohydrate binding-module is N-terminal in FaeA and C-terminal in FaeB. The enzymes were purified to homogeneity using column chromatography, and their thermal stability was characterized by differential scanning microcalorimetry. We evaluated both enzymes for their potential to enhance the cellulolytic activity of purified Trichoderma reesei Cel7A on pretreated corn stover.
Simultaneous Signal Detection for IFM (Instantaneous Frequency Measurement) Receivers by Transient Detection. (1985)

Abstract : The instantaneous frequency measurement (IFM) receiver is highly susceptible to erroneously reporting frequency if two or more signals are overlapped in time. This problem is extremely important when the receiver is presented to detect simultaneous signals which overlap in the critical frequency encode strobe. In essence, during the pulse overlap condition, a transient will occur on the video output lines of the receiver. These lines are monitored during the transient period and compared with predetermined values which are obtained from a single signal condition. If a transient is detected, a simultaneous signal detect flag is raised and this flag is sent to an associated processor. In this special design, the receiver will measure the frequency again at approximately 200 ms from the first measurement. The transient detection is also performed on the second measurement.
Tunable single-frequency erbium fiber ring lasers (1993)

Tuning range, side-mode suppression, line width, and intensity noise are reviewed for an all-fiber erbium ring laser. Active stabilization to an external fiber Fabry-Perot resonator is demonstrated.
Novel Proton-Conducting Polyelectrolyte Composed of an Aromatic Polyether Containing Main-Chain Pyridine Units for Fuel Cell Applications (2003)

A new high-molecular-weight, soluble, wholly aromatic polyether bearing polar pyridine and phosphinoxide groups along the main chain is presented. This easily processable polyether presents excellent film-forming properties, high glass-transition temperature (up to 260 °C), and thermal stability up to 500 °C, all together combined with an ability to form ionically conductive materials after doping with phosphoric acid. The polar groups throughout the polymeric chains enable high acid uptake and subsequent high ionic conductivity for the doped membranes in the range of 10-2 S/cm. Characterization of all polymeric materials prepared was performed using NMR, size exclusion chromatography, thermal and mechanical analysis, and conductivity measurements. The oxidative stability of the materials was studied using hydrogen peroxide, and the treated membranes were further characterized using dynamic mechanical analysis and FT−Raman spectroscopy. The conductivity of the doped membranes was determined as a function of the doping level. The temperature dependence of the conductivity was also studied.
Optimization of a myeloid cell transfusion strategy for infected neutropenic hosts (2006)

Although granulocyte transfusion is a logical, therapeutic option for neutropenic patients with refractory infections, significant technical barriers have prevented its widespread use. A novel phagocyte transfusion strategy has been developed based on activation of a human myeloid cell line HL-60. To further define the potential for HL-60 cells to recapitulate white cell transfusions, a shortened duration of activation was evaluated, facile quality control markers were defined, and the impact of low-dose irradiation on cell function was determined. Three days of activation resulted in increased cell viability and in vitro candidacidal capacity but with slightly higher cell replication compared with 7 days of activation. Cell viability and several flow cytometric measurements were accurate, quality control markers for HL-60 activation. In combination with activation, low-dose irradiation abrogated replication while sparing the candidacidal effects of the HL-60 cells. Infusion of irradiated, activated HL-60 cells improved survival of neutropenic, candidemic mice significantly. In summary, activated, irradiated HL-60 cells are microbicidal, have virtually no replicative capacity, and are safe and effective at protecting neutropenic mice against an otherwise 100% fatal candidal infection. With continued development, this strategy to recapitulate neutrophil functions has the potential to serve as an effective alternative to granulocyte transfusions.
Offline architecture for real-time betting (2003)

Traditional betting systems do not enable betting in real-time during an event and require decisions and preparations beforehand. In this paper a novel architecture for real-time betting is presented. It disposes of the up-front effort and enables frequent bet announcements and placements during an ongoing event. The novel situation is achieved by broadcasting announcements, time-stamping and storing the placements locally, and collecting them after the event has been finished. While solving the processing problems, the architecture requires reliable cryptographic and physical protection. Currently, e.g. DVB and LAN technologies offer potential platforms for providing the service. The implemented LAN demonstrator has shown that user interfaces have to be simple and bets should not be announced too often. It has also shown that real-time operation makes betting more inspiring.
New Synthetic Surfactant – How and When? (2006)

Animal-derived surfactant preparations are very effective in the treatment of premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome but they are expensive to produce and supplies are limited. In order to widen the indications for surfactant treatment there is a need for synthetic preparations, which can be produced in large quantities and at a reasonable cost. However, development of clinically active synthetic surfactants has turned out to be more complicated than initially anticipated. The hydrophobic surfactant proteins, SP-B and SP-C, which are involved in the adsorption of surface-active lipids to the air-liquid interface of the alveoli and increase alveolar stability, are either too big to synthesize, structurally complex or unstable in pure form. A new generation of synthetic surfactants containing simplified phospholipid mixtures and small amounts of peptides replacing the hydrophobic proteins is currently under development and will in the near future be introduced into the market. However, more trials need to be performed before any conclusions can be drawn about the effectiveness of these synthetic surfactants in relation to natural animal-derived preparations.
S100B milk concentration in mammalian species (2009)

S100B is a neurotrophic protein detectable in biological fluids and in human milk. Since there are several maternal-neonatal conditions requiring the administration of animal milks the aim of the present study was to quantify S100B in milk from different mammalian species and to compare protein's concentration among human and mammalian milks. We assessed S100B concentrations in donkey (n=12), goat (n=15) sheep (n=15), commercially available cow (n=8) and human (n=15) milk samples. S100B measurements were performed using an immunoluminometric assay. S100B concentration in human milk (10.41 +/- 4.2 microg/L) was higher (P LESS THAN0.001) than mammalian milks. Of note, S100B concentration in cow milk (3.13 +/- 0.56 microg/L) was higher (P LESS THAN0.01) than that showed in donkey (1.17 +/- 0.26 microg/L), sheep (0.25 +/- 0.11 microg/L) and goat (0.26 +/- 0.11 microg/L). S100B in donkey milk was higher (P LESS THAN0.01) than sheep and goat samples whilst protein's concentration did not differ between goat and sheep. The present study suggests the opportunity of S100B addition to animal milk intended for infant feeding.
Production Optimization at the Kuparuk River Field Utilizing Neural Networks and Genetic Algorithms (1999)

Abstract The Kuparuk River Field, located on the North Slope of Alaska, contains approximately 6.4 billion barrels of oil. Total cumulative production to date is approximately 1.4 billion barrels, and current average daily production is 270,000 barrels of oil. The total number of wells in the field is approximately 900. Oil, water, and gas are separated at three Central Processing Facilities. Gas is compressed at each facility for use in gas lift operations and for miscible and immiscible water alternating gas pressure support projects. Kuparuk is production facility limited, which imposes gas, and water handling constraints on the field. Allocation of wells to the production facilities as well as allocation of lift gas are key elements in maximizing oil production rate. An optimization program utilizing formation gas oil ratio and incremental gas oil ratio computations for well and lift gas allocations is currently in use. The objective of this work was to develop an optimization model which would be an improvement over the current model and also be superior to commercially available optimization software. This required the development of a field production model which included well performance, surface line, and facility models. For each iteration in the optimization model oil rate from the field production model is computed. Two major impediments to the rigorous optimization of large producing fields are the effectiveness of the optimization algorithm and the cost of computing the state of the objects being optimized. In order to successfully solve for an optimal solution to this large highly nonlinear allocation problem a technique based on genetic natural selection process is used. In order to address the problem of excessive computation time neural networks were developed to replace the surface line hydraulics simulation. The new optimization program was evaluated using twenty-seven days of field data. The average daily production rate based on the 27 days of information was 273,000 bopd. The program was run in predictive mode and yielded an average 272,000 bopd for these 27 days. This indicated the field production model was reasonably accurate. The program was then run in optimization mode to generate recommendations for allocation of wells to production and allocation of lift gas. Average forecasted optimized rate for the 27 days was 292,000 bopd, which is a 7% increase in production over the current optimization forecast method.
CMOS digital intra-oral sensor for x-ray radiography (2011)

In this paper, we present a CMOS digital intra-oral sensor for x-ray radiography. The sensor system consists of a custom CMOS imager, custom scintillator/fiber optics plate, camera timing and digital control electronics, and direct USB communication. The CMOS imager contains 1700 x 1346 pixels. The pixel size is 19.5um x 19.5um. The imager was fabricated with a 0.18um CMOS imaging process. The sensor and CMOS imager design features chamfered corners for patient comfort. All camera functions were integrated within the sensor housing and a standard USB cable was used to directly connect the intra-oral sensor to the host computer. The sensor demonstrated wide dynamic range from 5uGy to 1300uGy and high image quality with a SNR of greater than 160 at 400uGy dose. The sensor has a spatial resolution more than 20 lp/mm.
Herpes Simplex Virus 2 ICP0− Mutant Viruses Are Avirulent and Immunogenic: Implications for a Genital Herpes Vaccine (2010)

Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) ICP0(-) mutants are interferon-sensitive, avirulent, and elicit protective immunity against HSV-1 (Virol J, 2006, 3:44). If an ICP0(-) mutant of herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) exhibited similar properties, such a virus might be used to vaccinate against genital herpes. The current study was initiated to explore this possibility. Several HSV-2 ICP0(-) mutant viruses were constructed and evaluated in terms of three parameters: i. interferon-sensitivity; ii. virulence in mice; and iii. capacity to elicit protective immunity against HSV-2. One ICP0(-) mutant virus in particular, HSV-2 0DeltaNLS, achieved an optimal balance between avirulence and immunogenicity. HSV-2 0DeltaNLS was interferon-sensitive in cultured cells. HSV-2 0DeltaNLS replicated to low levels in the eyes of inoculated mice, but was rapidly repressed by an innate, Stat 1-dependent host immune response. HSV-2 0DeltaNLS failed to spread from sites of inoculation, and hence produced only inapparent infections. Mice inoculated with HSV-2 0DeltaNLS consistently mounted an HSV-specific IgG antibody response, and were consistently protected against lethal challenge with wild-type HSV-2. Based on their avirulence and immunogenicity, we propose that HSV-2 ICP0(-) mutant viruses merit consideration for their potential to prevent the spread of HSV-2 and genital herpes.
The efficacy of specific IVIG anti-idiotypic antibodies in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS): trophoblast invasiveness and APS animal model (2007)

Based on the current results, we propose that APS sIVIG may be considered as potential specific therapeutic safe compound for developing a treatment for APS patient's early fetal loss.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐BENZAZEPINES. 5. SYNTHESIS OF PYRIMIDO(5,4‐D)(2)BENZAZEPINES AND THEIR EVALUATION AS ANXIOLYTIC AGENTS (1984)

Abstract Die Pyrimidobenzazepine (IV) und ähnliche Verbindungen werden dargestellt.
Embroidered Textile Coils for Wireless Charging of Smart Garments (2021)

In this paper, we report a method of using embroidery to fabricate textile inductor coils for wireless charging of wearable sensor devices on smart garments. Electrical properties of embroidered coils are measured and compared with simulation. A process of making embroidered coils with crossover connections is proposed. An embroidered coil array structure is designed and tested in two wireless charging systems and the results show that it can charge a lithium-ion battery with currents ranging up to 100 mA.
Oxidative biological removal of sulphide from waste water - using short-fall in oxygen, giving conversion largely to sulphur (1988)

In oxidative biological purification of waste water, by converting sulphide to S and sulphate by means of S-oxidising bacteria in presence of 02, the amt. of 02 used is less than that needed for complete oxidn. of sulphide to sulphate. Pref. the amt. of 02 used is 0.5-1.5 mols w.r.t. 1 mol of sulphide, and 02 consumption is controlled by regulating the 02 concn. in dependence on the sulphide concn. The hydraulic residence time is less than 20 mins. The reactor may contain support material, this may be a polyurethane foam, to immobilise th biomass.
Highly stable Li-doped magnesium oxide catalyst for oxidative conversion of methane to higher hydrocarbons (1991)

A Li-doped MgO catalyst, when prepared by impregnation of magnesium acetate with aqueous lithium acetate (with a Li to Mg molar ratio of 0.1 : 1) followed by calcination in air at 750 °C, shows no change in its initial high activity and selectivity in oxidative conversion of methane to higher hydrocarbons, for a long period.