gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
FCC Gasoline Sulfur Reduction by Additives: A Review (2007)

Abstract This review covers publications in the open literature and patents issued during the last 10 years on issues related to fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) gasoline sulfur reduction. Emphasis was placed on FCC additives, their composition and performance. An attempt was made to elucidate the mechanism for sulfur reduction at FCC cracking conditions. Fluid catalytic cracking technology advances, both process and catalyst, have historically worked together to achieve significant improvements in FCC performance. There is every reason to expect that this will continue to be the case in the future. These advances will have an impact on the volume and quality of the FCC gasoline produced and will offer additional operating flexibility.
Removal of Artifacts in Borehole Images Using Machine Learning (2023)

In this paper, a supervised machine-learning (ML) method to remove artifacts and noise from borehole images is described. Borehole images may exhibit a variety of issues and artifacts due to reasons such as environmental and thermal noise, imperfect calibration, and current leakage through the tool body. Methods that are currently employed to improve these images are based on traditional signal-processing techniques. Although these methods are capable of removing the artifacts in images and significantly improving image quality, they have some drawbacks as well. These drawbacks include not being entirely suitable for real-time implementation and issues with reproducibility. The alternative method presented here is based on an ML algorithm that is trained using a data set pairing raw data with data processed using a traditional signal-processing-based approach. The resulting ML model is capable of being implemented in near-real time. Furthermore, the application of the algorithm does not require user supervision, increasing the reproducibility of the results.
Software-enabled Gaze-aware Videoconferencing (2000)

Many desktop videoconferencing systems are ineffective due to deficiencies in gaze awareness and sense of spatial relationship. Previous works employ special hardware to address these problems. Here, we describe a software-only approach. Heads and eyes in the video are tracked using computer-vision techniques, and the tracking information is transmitted along with the video stream. Receivers take the tracking information corresponding to the video and graphically place the head and eyes in a virtual 3D space such that gaze awareness and a sense of space are provided.
Omnidirectional Vision Attachment for Medical Endoscopes (2008)

International audience
Heterogeneous Data Storage Management with Deduplication in Cloud Computing (2017)

Cloud storage as one of the most important services of cloud computing helps cloud users break the bottleneck of restricted resources and expand their storage without upgrading their devices. In order to guarantee the security and privacy of cloud users, data are always outsourced in an encrypted form. However, encrypted data could incur much waste of cloud storage and complicate data sharing among authorized users. We are still facing challenges on encrypted data storage and management with deduplication. Traditional deduplication schemes always focus on specific application scenarios, in which the deduplication is completely controlled by either data owners or cloud servers. They cannot flexibly satisfy various demands of data owners according to the level of data sensitivity. In this paper, we propose a heterogeneous data storage management scheme, which flexibly offers both deduplication management and access control at the same time across multiple Cloud Service Providers (CSPs). We evaluate its performance with security analysis, comparison and implementation. The results show its security, effectiveness and efficiency towards potential practical usage.
Plasmonic Coupling Interference (PCI) Nanoprobes for Nucleic Acid Detection (2011)

A label-free approach using plasmonic coupling interference (PCI) nanoprobes for nucleic acid detection using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is described. To induce a strong plasmonic coupling effect, a nanonetwork of silver nanoparticles with the Raman label located between adjacent nanoparticles is assembled by Raman-labeled DNA-locked nucleic acid (LNA) duplexes. The PCI method then utilizes specific nucleic acid sequences of interest as competitor elements for the Raman-labeled DNA strands to interfere the formation of nanonetworks in a competitive binding process. As a result, the plasmonic coupling effect induced through the formation of the nanonetworks is significantly diminished, resulting in a reduced SERS signal. The potential of the PCI technique for biomedical applications is illustrated by detecting single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and microRNA sequences involved in breast cancers. The results of this study could lead to the development of nucleic acid diagnostic tools for biomedical diagnostics and biosensing applications using SERS detection.
Assessment of the use of oral fluid as a matrix for drug monitoring in patients undergoing treatment for opioid addiction (2015)

Drug testing is an important clinical tool that is available to physicians who are assessing the effectiveness of drug treatment as well as patient compliance to the administered program. While urine has traditionally been the matrix of choice for drug monitoring, oral fluid, a filtrate of the blood, has shown great promise as an alternative matrix for such applications. Oral fluid collection can be accomplished without the need for highly trained medical staff through the use of a simple, noninvasive oral fluid collection device, which obtains an adequate sample in only a few minutes. There has been a significant amount of research performed on the use of oral fluid for forensic toxicology application; however, more studies assessing the use of oral fluid drug testing are required to validate its ability to achieve clinical drug monitoring goals. Testing for various drugs in oral fluid may yield a different result when compared to the same drugs in urine, requiring an assessment of the utility of oral fluid for such practices. The purpose of this study was to examine the application of oral fluid drug testing in patients undergoing buprenorphine treatment for opioid dependence. A retrospective analysis of drug testing results obtained from 6,928 patients (4,560 unobserved urine collections and 2,368 observed oral fluid collections) monitored for heroin metabolite, amphetamine, benzodiazepines, buprenorphine, tetrahydrocannabinol, cocaine, codeine, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, methadone, morphine, oxycodone, and oxymorphone was completed. Results of this statistical exercise indicated that patients undergoing observed oral fluid collection tested positive more frequently than those unobserved urine collections for several illicit drugs and prescription medications targeted. Oral fluid was shown to detect illicit drug use as well as noncompliance in this patient population under the studied conditions more often than the urine specimens.
Design of a Passive Gravity-Balanced Assistive Device for Sit-to-Stand Tasks (2005)

A sit-to-stand assist device can serve the needs of people suffering from muscle weakness due to age or disabilities that make sit-to-stand a difficult functional task. The objective of this paper is to design a passive gravity-balancing assist device for sit-to-stand motion. In our study, it has been shown that the contribution to the joint torques by the gravitational torque is dominant during sit-to-stand motion. On the basis of this result, a gravity balanced assistive device is proposed. This passive device uses a hybrid method to identify the center-of-mass of the system using auxiliary parallelograms first. Next, appropriate springs are connected to the device to make the total potential energy of the system due to the gravity and the springs constant during standing up. A demonstration prototype with the underlying principles was fabricated to test the feasibility of the proposed design. The prototype showed gravity balancing and was tested by the authors. This prototype will be modified appropriately for clinical testing.
Hybrid retinal imager using line-scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (2006)

We demonstrate for the first time the integration of two technologies, Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SDOCT) and Line-Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy (LSLO) into a single compact instrument that shares the same imaging optics and line scan camera for both OCT and LSLO imaging. Co-registered high contrast wide-field en face retinal LSLO and SDOCT images are obtained non-mydriatically with less than 600 microwatts of broadband illumination at 15 frames/sec. The LSLO/SDOCT hybrid instrument could have important applications in clinical ophthalmic diagnostics and emergency medicine.
Caged Ceramide 1-Phosphate Analogues: Synthesis and Properties (2009)

Sphingolipid phosphate analogues bearing 7-(diethylamino)coumarin (DECM) and 4-bromo-5-hydroxy-2-nitrobenzhydryl (BHNB) groups in a photolabile ester bond were synthesized. The ability of the "caged" ceramide 1-phosphate analogues to release the bioactive parent molecule upon irradiation at 400-500 nm was demonstrated by stimulation of macrophage cell proliferation.
Coping with Moore's law (and more): supporting arrays in state-of-the-art model checkers (2010)

State-of-the-art hardware model checkers and equivalence checkers rely upon a diversity of synergistic algorithms to achieve adequate scalability and automation. While higher-level decision procedures have enhanced capacity for problems of amenable syntax, little prior work has addressed (1) the generalization of many critical synergistic algorithms beyond bit-blasted representations, nor (2) the issue of bridging higher-level techniques to problems of complex circuit-accurate syntax. In this paper, we extend a variety of bit-level algorithms to designs with memory arrays, and introduce techniques to rewrite arrays from circuit-accurate to verification-amenable behavioral syntax. These extensions have numerous motivations, from scaling formal methods to verify ever-growing design components, to enabling hardware model checkers to reason about software-like systems, to allowing state-of-the-art model checkers to support temporally-consistent function- and predicate-abstraction.
CFIMon: Detecting violation of control flow integrity using performance counters (2012)

Many classic and emerging security attacks usually introduce illegal control flow to victim programs. This paper proposes an approach to detecting violation of control flow integrity based on hardware support for performance monitoring in modern processors. The key observation is that the abnormal control flow in security breaches can be precisely captured by performance monitoring units. Based on this observation, we design and implement a system called CFIMon, which is the first non-intrusive system that can detect and reason about a variety of attacks violating control flow integrity without any changes to applications (either source or binary code) or requiring special-purpose hardware. CFIMon combines static analysis and runtime training to collect legal control flow transfers, and leverages the branch tracing store mechanism in commodity processors to collect and analyze runtime traces on-the-fly to detect violation of control flow integrity. Security evaluation shows that CFIMon has low false positives or false negatives when detecting several realistic security attacks. Performance results show that CFIMon incurs only 6.1% performance overhead on average for a set of typical server applications.
An economic model for green cloud (2012)

A novel economic model for cloud-based services is presented that: (i) transparently presents energy demands (of services) to the customers in a simple abstract form, called green point, which is understandable to any general user; (ii) provides economic incentives (through dynamic discounts) as motivations for customers to select greener configuration; and (iii) offers service prices to customers such that the profit of cloud vendor is maximized while providing the discounts. Price is differentiated for different classes of customers (e.g. gold, silver, and bronze) and dynamic based on posterior distribution on resource demand considering both current demand and willingness toward green configuration. The model enables a paradigm shift in cloud service offering that provides higher transparency and control knobs to users for greener configuration. Preliminary results indicate higher profit using the proposed model compared to static pricing in existing pay-per-use service offerings.
Directed area search using socio-biological vision algorithms and cognitive Bayesian reasoning (2010)

Volitional search systems that assist the analyst by searching for specific targets or objects such as vehicles, factories, airports, etc in wide area overhead imagery need to overcome multiple problems present in current manual and automatic approaches. These problems include finding targets hidden in terabytes of information, relatively few pixels on targets, long intervals between interesting regions, time consuming analysis requiring many analysts, no a priori representative examples or templates of interest, detecting multiple classes of objects, and the need for very high detection rates and very low false alarm rates. This paper describes a conceptual analyst-centric framework that utilizes existing technology modules to search and locate occurrences of targets of interest (e.g., buildings, mobile targets of military significance, factories, nuclear plants, etc.), from video imagery of large areas. Our framework takes simple queries from the analyst and finds the queried targets with relatively minimum interaction from the analyst. It uses a hybrid approach that combines biologically inspired bottom up attention, socio-biologically inspired object recognition for volitionally recognizing targets, and hierarchical Bayesian networks for modeling and representing the domain knowledge. This approach has the benefits of high accuracy, low false alarm rate and can handle both low-level visual information and high-level domain knowledge in a single framework. Such a system would be of immense help for search and rescue efforts, intelligence gathering, change detection systems, and other surveillance systems.
All‐systolic first‐pass myocardial rest perfusion at a long saturation time using simultaneous multi‐slice imaging and compressed sensing acceleration (2021)

All-systolic rest perfusion can be achieved by combining simultaneous multi-slice and compressed sensing acceleration, enabling 3-slice cardiac coverage with reduced motion and dark rim artefacts. Numerical simulations indicate that myocardium-perfusion defect contrast increases at LTS.
Ultrafast Nonlinear Optical Properties of Charge-Transfer Polymers (1998)

Charge-transfer polymers are a new class of nonlinear optical materials which can be used for generating femtosecond holographic gratings. Using semiconducting polymers sensitized with varying concentrations of C 60 , holographic gratings were recorded by individual ultrafast laser pulses; the diffraction efficiency and time decay of the gratings were measured using nondegenerate four-wave mixing. Using a figure of merit for dynamic data processing, the temporal diffraction efficiency, this new class of materials exhibits between two and 12 orders of magnitude higher response than previous reports. The charge-transfer range at polymer/ C 60 interfaces was further studied using transient absorption spectroscopy. The fact that charge transfer occurs in the picosecond-time scale in bilayer structures (thickness 200 Å) implies that diffusion of localized excitations to the interface is not the dominant mechanism; the charge-transfer range is a significant fraction of the film thickness. From analysis of the excited state decay curves, we estimate the charge-transfer range to be 80 Å and interpret that range as resulting from quantum delocalization of the photoexcitations.
A nickel base alloy, WAZ-20, with improved strength in the 2000 deg to 2200 deg F range (1969)

Nickel base alloy, WAZ-20 with improved strength in 2000-2200 F range for application to gas turbine engine stator vanes
Elastomeric microfluidic diode and rectifier work with Newtonian fluids (2009)

We report on two microfluidic elastomeric autoregulatory devices-a diode and a rectifier. They exhibit physically interesting and complex nonlinear behaviors (saturation, bias-dependent resistance, and rectification) with a Newtonian fluid. Due to their autoregulatory properties, they operate without active external control. As a result, they enable increased microfluidic device density and overall system miniaturization. The demonstrated diode and rectifier would also be useful components in future microfluidic logic circuitry.
Fiber-coupled multiplexed confocal microscope (2000)

We describe a new parallel scanning mechanism for confocal microscopy that is inherently fiber-optic compatible and that retains the simplicity of the line scanning confocal microscope. The method works by employing an incoherent fiber-optic bundle that maps a line illumination pattern back on itself on double passing, while separating the fibers that carry photons from out-of-focus sample planes. The transformation permits efficient rejection of out-of-focus photons by a slit aperture.
The Surplus Inventory Matching Problem in the Process Industry (2000)

We introduce a new problem that arises from operations planning in the process industry. This problem involves matching an order book against surplus inventory before production planning. It can be formulated by generalizing the multiple knapsack problem along three dimensions: (i) adding assignment restrictions on items that can be assigned to a knapsack, (ii) adding a new attribute (called “color” in this paper) to an item and then adding the associated “color” constraints that restrict the number of distinct colors that can be assigned to a knapsack, and (iii) considering multiple objectives for optimization. We formulate the problem, provide a result regarding its complexity, and report on our computational experience with solving a set of real instances based on data from the operations of a large steel plant. We then propose a network-flow—based heuristic that yields solutions within 3% of optimal (or the best known feasible solution). This system has been successfully deployed and is now used daily in the mill operations.
Magnetism of iron oxide based core-shell nanoparticles from interface mixing with enhanced spin-orbit coupling (2014)

We show that the magnetism of core-shell nanoparticles (made of maghemite, $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-Fe${}_{2}$O${}_{3}$, cores and transition-metal and metal-oxide shells) is altered substantially by the interface, which is a doped iron-oxide layer formed naturally during the seed-mediated synthesis process, a route used typically to produce core-shell nanoparticles. Characteristics fundamental to useful applications, such as the anisotropy and superparamagnetic blocking temperature, were altered substantially with Cu, CoO, MnO, and NiO shells. To ascertain the origin of this behavior, the prototype $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-Fe${}_{2}$O${}_{3}$/CoO core-shell nanoparticles are described in detail. We show that the magnetism originates essentially from an interfacial doped iron-oxide layer formed via migration of shell ions, e.g., Co${}^{2+}$, into octahedral site vacancies in the surface layers of the $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-Fe${}_{2}$O${}_{3}$ core. For this system, an overall Fe ${m}_{\mathrm{orb}}/{m}_{\mathrm{spin}}=0.15\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03$ is measured (${m}_{\mathrm{orb}}\ensuremath{\sim}0$ for the Fe-oxides) and an enhanced Co ${m}_{\mathrm{orb}}/{m}_{\mathrm{spin}}=0.65\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03$ elucidates the origin of the unexpectedly high overall anisotropy of the nanoparticle. This interfacial layer is responsible for the overall (e.g., bulk) magnetism and provides a perspective on how the magnetism of core-shell nanoparticles manifests from the selected core and shell materials.
Expression of Different Levels of Ethanologenic Enzymes from <i>Zymomonas mobilis</i> in Recombinant Strains of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1988)

The expression of Zymomonas mobilis genes encoding pyruvate decarboxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase II in Escherichia coli converted this organism from the production of organic acids to the production of ethanol. Ethanol was produced during both anaerobic and aerobic growth. The extent to which these ethanologenic enzymes were expressed correlated with the extent of ethanol production. The replacement of organic acids with ethanol as a metabolic product during aerobic and anaerobic growth resulted in dramatic increases in final cell density, indicating that these acids (and the associated decline in pH) are more damaging than the production of ethanol. Of the plasmids examined, the best plasmid for growth and ethanol production expressed pyruvate decarboxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase II at levels of 6.5 and 2.5 IU/mg of total cell protein, respectively.
Minimizing 1/f noise in magnetic sensors using a microelectromechanical system flux concentrator (2002)

A device, a microelectromechanical system flux concentrator, is described that can minimize 1/f noise in magnetic sensors by modulating the magnetic field at the position of the sensor. This has the effect of shifting the operating frequency to higher frequencies where the 1/f noise can be 1 or 2 orders of magnitude smaller. Magnetic and mechanical modeling results on a design that will operate at 29 kHz are presented.
Monolithic integration of a widely tunable laser and an electro-absorption modulator (1999)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text B. Mason, G. A. Fish, S. P. DenBaars, and L. A. Coldren, "Monolithic integration of a widely tunable laser and an electro-absorption modulator," in Integrated Photonics Research, OSA Technical Digest Series (Optical Society of America, 1999), paper RME2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Steady State Phosphorus Mass Balance Model during Hemodialysis Based on a Pseudo One-Compartment Kinetic Model (2012)

Purpose Mathematical models of phosphorus kinetics and mass balance during hemodialysis are in early development. We describe a theoretical phosphorus steady state mass balance model during hemodialysis based on a novel pseudo one-compartment kinetic model. Methods The steady state mass balance model accounted for net intestinal absorption of phosphorus and phosphorus removal by both dialysis and residual kidney function. Analytical mathematical solutions were derived to describe time-dependent intradialytic and interdialytic serum phosphorus concentrations assuming hemodialysis treatments were performed symmetrically throughout a week. Results Results from the steady state phosphorus mass balance model are described for thrice weekly hemodialysis treatment prescriptions only. The analysis predicts 1) a minimal impact of dialyzer phosphorus clearance on predialysis serum phosphorus concentration using modern, conventional hemodialysis technology, 2) variability in the postdialysis-to-predialysis phosphorus concentration ratio due to differences in patient-specific phosphorus mobilization, and 3) the importance of treatment time in determining the predialysis serum phosphorus concentration. Conclusions We conclude that a steady state phosphorus mass balance model can be developed based on a pseudo one-compartment kinetic model and that predictions from this model are consistent with previous clinical observations. The predictions from this mass balance model are theoretical and hypothesis-generating only; additional prospective clinical studies will be required for model confirmation.