gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Retinoic Acid-Induced Growth Inhibition and Morphologic Differentiation of Human Neuroblastoma Cells In Vitro<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2">2</xref> (1982)

Retinoic acid (RA) induced concentration-dependent morphologic differentiation and growth inhibition in the LA-N-1 human neuroblastoma cell line. Time course studies demonstrated a significant increase in the formation of long neurites in LA-N-1 cultures within 48 hours of RA addition; maximum expression of differentiation occurred at approximately 4 days. This differentiation profile corresponded to a detectable decrease in [3H]thymidine incorporation at 48 hours and complete inhibition of cell growth after 3-4 days. The RA-induced morphologic differentiation and growth inhibition persisted despite removal of the drug. A soft agar assay system showed that RA also inhibited the ability of LA-N-1 cells to form anchorage-independent colonies and induced morphologic differentiation in colonies that did develop. These findings suggest that RA promoted the differentiation of LA-N-1 neuroblastoma cells, resulting in an altered expression of the malignant phenotype.
A microfluidic circulatory system integrated with capillary-assisted pressure sensors (2017)

The human circulatory system comprises a complex network of blood vessels interconnecting biologically relevant organs and a heart driving blood recirculation throughout this system. Recreating this system in vitro would act as a bridge between organ-on-a-chip and "body-on-a-chip" and advance the development of in vitro models. Here, we present a microfluidic circulatory system integrated with an on-chip pressure sensor to closely mimic human systemic circulation in vitro. A cardiac-like on-chip pumping system is incorporated in the device. It consists of four pumping units and passive check valves, which mimic the four heart chambers and heart valves, respectively. Each pumping unit is independently controlled with adjustable pressure and pump rate, enabling users to control the mimicked blood pressure and heartbeat rate within the device. A check valve is located downstream of each pumping unit to prevent backward leakage. Pulsatile and unidirectional flow can be generated to recirculate within the device by programming the four pumping units. We also report an on-chip capillary-assisted pressure sensor to monitor the pressure inside the device. One end of the capillary was placed in the measurement region, while the other end was sealed. Time-dependent pressure changes were measured by recording the movement of the liquid-gas interface in the capillary and calculating the pressure using the ideal gas law. The sensor covered the physiologically relevant blood pressure range found in humans (0-142.5 mmHg) and could respond to 0.2 s actuation time. With the aid of the sensor, the pressure inside the device could be adjusted to the desired range. As a proof of concept, human normal left ventricular and arterial pressure profiles were mimicked inside this device. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured on chip and cells can respond to mechanical forces generated by arterial-like flow patterns.
Multiplex Real-Time PCR Assay for Simultaneous Quantification of BK Polyomavirus, JC Polyomavirus, and Adenovirus DNA (2010)

In recent years, virus-induced nephropathy caused mainly by BK polyomavirus (BKPyV), JC polyomavirus (JCPyV), and adenovirus has emerged as a problem in renal transplant patients. In the present study, we developed a multiplex real-time PCR assay to quantify the viral load of BKPyV, JCPyV, and adenovirus simultaneously. The dynamic range covered at least 6 orders of magnitude. This system was specific and reproducible, even in the presence of large amounts of DNA of other viruses. To validate this assay, urine samples from 124 renal transplant patients and serum samples from 18 hemorrhagic cystitis patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were examined. In the urine samples from renal transplant patients, BKPyV was detected in 28 patients (22.6%), JCPyV was detected in 51 patients (41.1%), and adenovirus was detected in 2 patients (1.6%). The maximum amounts of each virus detected were 2.7 x 10(9), 8.7 x 10(8), and 1.2 x 10(2) copies/ml, respectively. Decoy cells were observed in 31 patients. The quantities of both BKPyV and JCPyV DNA were greater in samples with decoy cells. Two patients whose BKPyV viral loads exceeded 10(8) copies/ml had elevated serum creatinine levels and were diagnosed with BKPyV nephropathy based on graft biopsies. In serum samples from hemorrhagic cystitis patients, BKPyV, JCPyV, and adenovirus was detected in six, two, and three patients, respectively. Strong correlations were observed between the viral DNA copy numbers determined in the multiplex assays and those determined in single assays. Since this new assay is rapid, sensitive, and specific, it can be used for quantitative analyses of viruses in urine and serum samples after transplantation.
A Comparative Study of Serum Biochemistry, Metabolome and Microbiome Parameters of Clinically Healthy, Normal Weight, Overweight, and Obese Companion Dogs (2018)

The aim of this study was to compare fecal microbiome, plasma, fecal and urine metabolomes, and serum biochemistry of adult companion dogs according to body condition scores. Blood, serum/plasma, urine, and fecal samples were collected from 66 clinically healthy, adult companion dogs of either normal weight (NW), overweight (OW), or obese dogs (OB). analyses included fecal microbiome analyses via 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon; sequencing, nontargeted plasma, fecal, and urine metabolomics using liquid chromatography/gas chromatography-mass; spectrometry, and serum biochemistry for each dog. Few significant differences in serum biochemistry and fecal microbiome Operational Taxonomic Unit (OTU) were found between weight groups and there was high OTU variation between individual dogs. NW dogs had higher relative abundance of the genus Eubacterium (log-fold change 4.3, adjusted P value = .003) and lower relative abundance of the family Bifidobacteriaceae (log-fold change -3.6, adjusted P value = .02) compared to OB dogs. The microbiome of NW dogs had higher OTU richness compared with OB dogs. Metabolome analysis showed 185 plasma, 37 fecal, and 45 urine metabolites that significantly differed between NW and OW or OB dogs. There were notable significant differences in relative abundance of several plasma phospholipid moieties and fecal volatile fatty acids between weight phenotypes. The combinations of host and gut microbiota and metabolic shifts suggest a pattern that could help detection of early metabolic changes in overweight dogs before the development of obesity related disease. The results of this study support the need for continued investigation into sensitive measures of metabolic aberrancies in overweight dogs.
A practical implementation of dynamic testing of an AD converter (2002)

This paper presents a practical testing system which can measure the dynamic parameters such as effective bits (EB), signal to noise ratio (SNR), differential and integral nonlinearity (DNL and INL) of an AD converter. For practical implementation we propose a mixed frequency estimation algorithm with weighted least square method to estimate the EB. Furthermore we combine the spectral average method with frequency domain estimation to measure the SNR and use the histogram method to calculate the DNL and the INL. For practical purpose, we choose a logical analyzer as the high speed data acquisition device and a PC as the instrument controller. Two programmable signal generators with very low harmonic distortion are used for signal source of the ADC Testing. All the instruments are controlled by the PC through GPIB with a test software. Finally we apply the proposed test system and algorithm to measure the dynamic parameters of a real ADC (Datel ADC-HS12B). Results show that the proposed test system and methods are fast and accurate. Users can test the ADC automatically without worrying about the expensive testing instruments, interface problems and complex algorithms which may occur in other ADC testing systems.
A validation framework for a maturity measurement model for safety-critical software systems (1998)

Article Free Access Share on A validation framework for a maturity measurement model for safety-critical software systems Authors: Vijay K. Vaishnavi Department of Computer Information Systems, P. O. Box 4015, Georgia State University, University Plaza, Atlanta, GA Department of Computer Information Systems, P. O. Box 4015, Georgia State University, University Plaza, Atlanta, GAView Profile , Martin D. Fraser Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Georgia State University, University Plaza, Atlanta, GA Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Georgia State University, University Plaza, Atlanta, GAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM-SE 36: Proceedings of the 36th annual Southeast regional conferenceApril 1998 Pages 314–322https://doi.org/10.1145/275295.275377Published:01 April 1998Publication History 3citation765DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations3Total Downloads765Last 12 Months23Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Cryogenic On-Orbit Liquid Depot-Storage, Acquisition and Transfer (COLD-SAT) Experiment Conceptual Design and Feasibility Study (1998)

The cryogenic fluid management technologies required for the exploration of the solar system can only be fully developed via space-based experiments. A dedicated spacecraft is the most efficient way to perform these experiments. This report documents the extended conceptual design of the COLD-SAT spacecraft, capable of meeting these experimental requirements. All elements, including the spacecraft, ground segment, launch site modifications and launch vehicle operations, and flight operations are included. Greatly expanded coverage is provided for those areas unique to this cryogenic spacecraft, such as the experiment system, attitude control system, and spacecraft operations. Supporting analyses are included as are testing requirements, facilities surveys, and proposed project timelines.
<i>Fusarium lateritium</i> Nees ex Link as a Parasite and Host in Interfungal Hyphal Interactions (1987)

Abstract In dual cultures Fusarium lateritium Nees ex Link coiled, penetrated and destroyed young actively growing hyphae of Botrytis cinerea Pers., Cytospora rubescens Fr., Eutypa armeniacae Hansf. et Carter, Sphaeropsis malorum Peck, Rhizoctonia solani Kühn, Trichoderma koningii Oud. (Tk‐1) and Trichoderma hamatum (Bon.) Bain. (Tha‐2), and conidiophores and conidia of Botrytis cinerea Pers. The isolates of Trichoderma koningii Oud. (Tk‐3) and Trichoderma pseudokoningii Rifai (Tp‐1) parasited and destroyed the hyphae of Fusarium lateritium. There was no hyphal interaction between Fusarium lateritium and an isolate of Trichoderma longibrachiatum Rifai. Hyphal, interactions occurred mostly on the aerial hyphae of test fungi which grew over the inhibition zone formed between the colonies of Fusarium lateritium and the test fungus, and contacted the hyphae of Fusarium lateritium. Details of dual culture studies are given.
Measuring the surface tension of a liquid–gas interface by automatic stalagmometer (2000)

We present a variation of the stalagmometer method for automatically determining the surface tension of a liquid–gas interface using a pressure sensor to measure the pressure variation per drop. The presented method does not depend on a knowledge of the density of the problem liquid and obtains values with a measurement error in the range of 1%–2%. Its low cost and simplicity mean that the technique can be used in the teaching and instrumentation laboratory in the same way as other methods.
Coumarin Derivatives as Photoinitiators in Photo-Oxidation and Photo-Reduction Processes and a Kinetic Model for Simulations of the Associated Polymerization Profiles (2020)

In this work, the design of an original series of coumarin derivatives (CoumC1–CoumC13) is presented. Chemical structures of these coumarins were selected by molecular modeling to ensure both excellent light absorption properties and high potential photoreactivity (high excited-state energy). As a striking result of this in silico design, eight of the 13 proposed coumarins were never presented and were specifically proposed for this work, indicating the interest in their structures. New multicomponent photoinitiating systems (PISs) based on these coumarins are proposed for the free radical polymerization (FRP) of (meth)acrylates and examined upon visible light irradiation using a light-emitting diode (LED) as a safe and economical irradiation source. The proposed systems are based on coumarins that act as remarkable photoinitiators/photosensitizers (PIs/PSs) combined with N-phenylglycine (NPG) and/or iodonium salt (Iod) as co-initiators to generate the reactive species (radicals) that will initiate the photopolymerization reaction. Investigations of the chemical mechanisms suggested by the different interactions that take place as well as the photophysical and photochemical properties of coumarins are provided. It is possible to obtain high polymerization rates (Rp), excellent photoinitiating abilities, and great reactive function conversions (FC) with these structures based on the coumarin core. Coumarins show high efficiency for the FRP of (meth)acrylates by reaction with iodonium salt (a photo-oxidation process) or with amine (a photo-reduction process). These compounds were used in three-dimensional (3D) printing resins but also for the preparation of photocomposites. In this latter case, excellent depth of cure was noted as remarkable behavior. To rationalize the experimental results, a kinetic model for a three-component system has been established to analyze the role of oxygen in the monomer conversions and the conversion enhancement observed while using an amine as a co-initiator.
A 26–28-Gb/s Full-Rate Clock and Data Recovery Circuit With Embedded Equalizer in 65-nm CMOS (2014)

This paper presents a power and area efficient approach to embed a continuous-time linear equalizer (CTLE) within a clock and data recovery (CDR) circuit implemented in 65-nm CMOS. The merged equalizer/CDR circuit achieves full-rate operation up to 28 Gb/s while drawing 104 mA from a 1-V supply and occupying 0.33 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Current-mode-logic (CML) circuits with shunt peaking loads using customized differential pair layout are used to maximize circuit bandwidth. To minimize the area penalty, differential stacked spiral inductors (DSSIs) are employed extensively. A novel and practical methodology is introduced for designing DSSIs based on single-layer inductors provided in foundry process design kits (PDK). The DSSI design increases the inductance density by over 3 times and the self-resonance frequency by 20% compared to standard single-layer inductors in the PDK. The measured BER of the recovered data by the CDR is less than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-12</sup> at 27 Gb/s for 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sup> -1 400 mV PP pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS) as input data. The measured rms jitter of the recovered clock and data are 1.0 and 2.6 ps, respectively. The CDR is able to lock to inputs ranging from 26 to 28 Gb/s with 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">9</sup> -1 PRBS pattern. Measurement results show that with the equalizer enabled, the CDR can recover a 26-Gb/s 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> -1 PRBS data with BER ≤ 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-12</sup> after a channel with 9-dB loss at 13 GHz.
An optical classification of coastal and oceanic waters based on the specific spectral absorption curves of phytoplankton pigments, dissolved organic matter, and other particulate materials1 (1981)

The variations of the spectral absorption coefficient of seawater can be attributed to three principal factors—phytoplankton, nonchlorophyllous particles, and yellow substances— whose concentrations are represented in this study in terms of chlorophyll a and pheophytin a content ( C ), the total scattering coefficient ( b ), and the absorption by filtered seawater at a given wavelength ( Y ). By assuming an exponential absorption by yellow substances, we developed a new iterative method for identifying the in situ apparent specific spectral absorption curves of the other two factors. The weighting coefficients for each of the three components are calculated for over 80 spectral absorption measurements from different representative marine regions. The reconstruction of spectral absorption curves from the three coefficients and the three specific absorption curves fits the original data with an overall average error of 3%. Relationships between these coefficients and C , b, and Y are examined. Results show that, though the spectral form of absorption by pigments can be considered as more or less invariant, the absorption “efficiency” per unit C depends on the nature of the water, and hence on the type of phytoplankton population considered. An optical classification based on the three optical coefficients related to three absorbing agents is proposed.
Comparison of the Properties of Human Hemoglobin Covalently Bound to Carboxyl Dextrans with Free and Polymerized Hemoglobin (1984)

Human stroma-free hemoglobin (SFH) was coupled in the oxy or deoxy conformations to carboxyldextrans through amide bonds. The complexes were analysed by gel permeation high performance chromatography, and their molecular mass distribution ranged from 90,000 to 300,000. Covalent coupling of SFH to carboxyldextrans determined an increase of the oxygen affinity when compared to free SFH. The P50 of the complex formed from carboxyldextrans and SFH in the oxy state was lower than that of the derivative obtained from SFH in the reduced state. On the other hand, glutaraldehyde cross-linked SFH still showed cooperativity when reacted in the deoxy state and in the presence of pyridoxal phosphate, and its oxygen affinity was similar to that of the free pyridoxylated SFH. These results lead to exclude the potential use of these dextran-SFH complexes as oxygen carriers.
Graph Bundling by Kernel Density Estimation (2012)

Abstract We present a fast and simple method to compute bundled layouts of general graphs. For this, we first transform a given graph drawing into a density map using kernel density estimation. Next, we apply an image sharpening technique which progressively merges local height maxima by moving the convolved graph edges into the height gradient flow. Our technique can be easily and efficiently implemented using standard graphics acceleration techniques and produces graph bundlings of similar appearance and quality to state‐of‐the‐art methods at a fraction of the cost. Additionally, we show how to create bundled layouts constrained by obstacles and use shading to convey information on the bundling quality. We demonstrate our method on several large graphs.
Streamlining assessment and intervention in a falls clinic using the Timed Up and Go Test and Physiological Profile Assessments (2005)

The TUGT and a simple test of cognition can be used to streamline referrals in a high-risk population, allowing for more efficient use of available resources in clinical practice. A subsequent PPA provides quantification of risk and direction for tailored intervention.
Automated detection of handovers using kinematic features (2017)

This paper investigates the use of kinematic motions recognized by a support vector machine (SVM) for the automatic detection of object handovers from the perspective of an object receiver. The classifier uses the giver’s kinematic behaviors (e.g. joint angles, distances of joints from each other and with respect to the receiver) to determine a giver’s intent to hand over an object. We used a bagged random forest to determine how informative features were in predicting the occurrence of handovers, and to assist in selecting a core set of features to be used by the classifier. Altogether, 22 kinematic features were chosen for developing handover detection models and later testing of generalization performance. Test results indicated an overall maximum accuracy of 97.5% by the SVM in its capacity to distinguish between handover and non-handover motions. The classification ability of the SVM was found to be unaffected across four kernel functions (linear, quadratic, cubic and radial basis). These results demonstrate considerable potential for detection of handovers and other gestures for human–robot interaction using kinematic features.
Open access – views from the US and the UK (2007)

Author order, and credits, on papers, seems to be one of those issues that won't go away.Each year more papers published in physiology -and the biosciences generally -have multiple (by which I mean more than two) authors.As just one small example, the average number of authors on papers published by J Physiol was 2.5 in May 1987, 3.4 in May 1997, and 4.6 in May 2007.So this shows there is more research collaboration going on.That's good -right?Well, most universities these days have mission statements or the like declaring their enthusiasm for research collaboration.And easing collaboration has often been argued to be one of the drivers for mergers that create large super-departments.However, there is a problem.Who, exactly, gets the credit for collaborative papers when push comes to shove?This issue has been thrown into sharp relief in the UK by the Research Assessment Exercise, or RAE.In the RAE, now about to reach its 6 th round with RAE2008, scientists are graded primarily on their four best research outputs -i.e. research papers.But what if these papers are all, or mostly, collaborations?This issue is, of course, not new.It has been hashed over many times, notably in medical journals (e.g.1), and the RAE panels have thought hard about it.To quote from one subject panel's published terms of reference and criteria (2): 'The sub-panel recognises that much of the research within its remit is collaborative and naturally leads to multi-authored research outputs.'And the solution: 'Authors declaring coauthored outputs must demonstrate (in the 'Other relevant details' field) their clear and distinct contribution to the cited output.This contribution must be substantial.'Which is fair enough.All you have to do is say: 'My lab did all the in vivo work and I co-wrote the paper.'But there is a sting in the tail: 'Where an author citing an output is