gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Differential Optical Receiver With Monolithic Split-Microring Photodetector (2019)

This paper presents a high-sensitivity, fully differential (FD) optical receiver (RX) for high-density systemon-chip applications. The high digital activity prominent in such applications creates common-mode and power-supply noise, which degrades the optical RX sensitivity. To suppress these noise sources and enhance the RX sensitivity, an optical RX is proposed that realizes FD operation by using a new resonant split-microring photodetector. The complete RX is implemented in a 45-nm SOI CMOS with no process changes. When aptly biased, the detector outputs FD photocurrent with <;±0.3% splitting error. It has 0.52-A/W responsivity and a bandwidth of 5.0 GHz. The RX circuit is optimized to achieve BER <; 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-12</sup> at 12 Gb/s with an optical modulation amplitude (OMA) sensitivity of -18.2 dBm while consuming 7 mW. Compared with a conventional single-ended RX on the same test-chip, the proposed RX improves sensitivity from 13 to 7.9 μApp without reducing the bandwidth or significantly impacting the RX energy efficiency.
Statistics of natural image distortions (2010)

Natural scene statistics (NSS) are an active area of research. Although there exist elegant models for NSS, the statistics of natural image distortions have received little attention. In this paper we study distorted image statistics (DIS) for natural scenes. We demonstrate that each distortion affects the statistics of natural images in a characteristic way and it is possible to parameterize this characteristic. We show that not only are DIS different for different distortions, but by such parametrization it is also possible to build a classifier that can classify a given image into a particular distortion category solely on the basis of DIS, with high accuracy. Applications of such categorization are of considerable scope and include DIS-based quality assessment and blind image distortion correction.
Discovery of highly potent acid ceramidase inhibitors with in vitro tumor chemosensitizing activity (2013)

The expression of acid ceramidase (AC) - a cysteine amidase that hydrolyses the proapoptotic lipid ceramide - is abnormally high in several human tumors, which is suggestive of a role in chemoresistance. Available AC inhibitors lack, however, the potency and drug-likeness necessary to test this idea. Here we show that the antineoplastic drug carmofur, which is used in the clinic to treat colorectal cancers, is a potent AC inhibitor and that this property is essential to its anti-proliferative effects. Modifications in the chemical scaffold of carmofur yield new AC inhibitors that act synergistically with standard antitumoral drugs to prevent cancer cell proliferation. These findings identify AC as an unexpected target for carmofur, and suggest that this molecule can be used as starting point for the design of novel chemosensitizing agents.
Edges shape enforcement for visual enhancement of depth image based rendering (2013)

Depth image based rendering of intermediate views with high visual quality remains a challenging goal in presence of estimated and quantized depth values. Among the other rendering artifacts we observed that edges are usually affected by significant warping errors. In particular, because of depth estimation inaccuracy around object boundaries the edges may completely loose their original shape during the warping process. Nonetheless, edges represent one of the most important cues for the human visual system. In this paper a novel technique aiming at improving the edge rendering is presented. As opposed to previous approaches, the technique exploits only texture information, thus avoiding possible errors in depth estimation. The idea is based on the enforcement of prior knowledge of the edge shape under projective transformation. The proposed algorithm works in two steps: first the damaged edges of the warped image are detected, then these latter are corrected so as to better approximate their shape in the reference view. Finally the corrected edges are rendered within the intermediate image without introducing noticeable texture artifacts. The proposed algorithm has been tested on a variety of standard video sequences exhibiting excellent results in terms of rendered image visual quality.
Development and Analysis of a Three-Dimensional Printed Miniature Walking Robot With Soft Joints and Links (2018)

Miniature robots have many applications ranging from military surveillance to search and rescue in disaster areas. Nevertheless, the fabrication of such robots has traditionally been labor-intensive and time-consuming. This paper proposes to directly leverage multimaterial 3D printing (MM3P) to fabricate centimeter-scale robots by utilizing soft materials to create not only soft joints to replace revolute joints but also soft links to replace rigid links. We demonstrate the capability of MM3P by creating a miniature, four-legged walking robot. Moreover, we leverage a three-spring rotational-prismatic-rotational (RPR) model to approximate the motion of soft joints or links, which is further utilized to numerically predict the motion of the leg mechanism with multiple soft joints and links. The accuracy of the proposed numerical method is validated with experimental results, and outperforms the results from using a psuedorigid-body (PRB) 1R model to approximate the motion of soft joints/links of the same mechanism. Meanwhile, a functional walking robot actuated by a single DC motor is demonstrated with a locomotion speed of 5.7 cm/s. We envision that the concept of employing both soft joints and links will inspire the design and realization of novel miniature mechanisms for a wide range of applications including robotics, deployable structures, or mechanical metamaterials. The proposed numerical method can also be readily applied to analyze other mechanisms with soft joints and links.
Techniques for reduced power and increased speed in dynamic and ratio logic circuits (2002)

This paper describes three techniques for increasing the usefulness of dynamic and ratio logic circuits. The first allows the power of pre-discharged ratio logic circuits to be significantly reduced. The second approach improves the speed of a dynamic and ratio logic circuit by partitioning the common heavily loaded node. Finally, a circuit approach is disclosed that implements a low threshold NFET to improve the speed of a dynamic circuit. Each technique demonstrates the use of a heavily loaded dynamic or ratioed logic NOR gate.
The Chitin Catabolic Cascade in the Marine Bacterium Vibrio furnissii (1996)

Chitin catabolism in Vibrio furnissii comprises several signal transducing systems and many proteins. Two of these enzymes are periplasmic and convert chitin oligosaccharides to GlcNAc and (GlcNAc)2. One of these unique enzymes, a chitodextrinase, designated EndoI, is described here. The protein, isolated from a recombinant Escherichia coli clone, exhibited (via SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) two enzymatically active, close running bands ( approximately mass of 120 kDa) with identical N-terminal sequences. The chitodextrinase rapidly cleaved chitin oligosaccharides, (GlcNAc)4 to (GlcNAc)2, and (GlcNAc)5,6 to (GlcNAc)2 and (GlcNAc)3. EndoI was substrate inhibited in the millimolar range and was inactive with chitin, glucosamine oligosaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycopeptides containing (GlcNAc)2. The sequence of the cloned gene indicates that it encodes a 112,690-kDa protein (1046 amino acids). Both proteins lacked the predicted N-terminal 31 amino acids, corresponding to a consensus prokaryotic signal peptide. Thus, E. coli recognizes and processes this V. furnissii signal sequence. Although inactive with chitin, the predicted amino acid sequence of EndoI displayed similarities to many chitinases, with 8 amino acids completely conserved in 10 or more of the homologous proteins. There was, however, no "consensus" chitin-binding domain in EndoI.
Device and Method for Noninvasive Glucose Assessment (2018)

The CoG device employs a unique mathematical approach to predict glucose concentrations based on multiple optical signals. The first clinical results indicate that the device may show appropriate agreement with reference methods to be used for pain-free glucose assessment in daily routine.
Wavelet SDF-Reps: Solid Modeling With Volumetric Scans (2009)

This paper describes a new formulation of solid modeling for treating parts derived from volumetric scans (computed tomography, magnetic resonance, etc.) along with parts from traditional computer-aided design operations. Recent advances in segmentation via level set methods produce voxel grids of signed distance values, and we interpolate the signed distance values using wavelets to produce an implicit or function-based representation called wavelet signed distance function representation that provides inherent support for data compression, multiscale modeling, and skeletal-based operations.
Learning algorithm for reconfigurable antenna state selection (2012)

In this paper, we propose an online learning algorithm for selecting the state of a reconfigurable antenna. We formulate the antenna state selection as a multiarmed bandit problem and present a selection technique, implemented for a 2 × 2 MIMO OFDM system employing highly directional metamaterial Reconfigurable Leaky Wave Antennas. We quantify the performance of our selection technique using a software defined radio testbed and present results for a wireless network in a typical indoor environment.
<title>Video summarization: methods and landscape</title> (2003)

The ability to summarize and abstract information will be an essential part of intelligent behavior in consumer devices. Various summarization methods have been the topic of intensive research in the content-based video analysis community. Summarization in traditional information retrieval is a well understood problem. While there has been a lot of research in the multimedia community there is no agreed upon terminology and classification of the problems in this domain. Although the problem has been researched from different aspects there is usually no distinction between the various dimensions of summarization. The goal of the paper is to provide the basic definitions of widely used terms such as skimming, summarization, and highlighting. The different levels of summarization: local, global, and meta-level are made explicit. We distinguish among the dimensions of task, content, and method and provide an extensive classification model for the same. We map the existing summary extraction approaches in the literature into this model and we classify the aspects of proposed systems in the literature. In addition, we outline the evaluation methods and provide a brief survey. Finally we propose future research directions based on the white spots that we identified by analysis of existing systems in the literature.
Targeted Cancer Therapy: Giving Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors All They Need To Succeed (2012)

Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) have now emerged as a powerful new class of small-molecule therapeutics acting through the regulation of the acetylation states of histone proteins (a form of epigenetic modulation) and other non-histone protein targets. Over 490 clinical trials have been initiated in the last 10 years, culminating in the approval of two structurally distinct HDACis - SAHA (vorinostat, Zolinza™) and FK228 (romidepsin, Istodax™). However, the current HDACis have serious limitations, including ineffectively low concentrations in solid tumors and cardiac toxicity, which is hindering their progress in the clinic. Herein, we review the primary paradigms being pursued to overcome these hindrances, including HDAC isoform selectivity, localized administration, and targeting cap groups to achieve selective tissue and cell type distribution.
Three-Dimensional Atomic Force Microscopy: Interaction Force Vector by Direct Observation of Tip Trajectory (2013)

The prospect of a robust three-dimensional atomic force microscope (AFM) holds significant promise in nanoscience. Yet, in conventional AFM, the tip-sample interaction force vector is not directly accessible. We scatter a focused laser directly off an AFM tip apex to rapidly and precisely measure the tapping tip trajectory in three-dimensional space. This data also yields three-dimensional cantilever spring constants, effective masses, and hence, the tip-sample interaction force components via Newton's second law. Significant lateral forces representing 49 and 13% of the normal force (Fz = 152 ± 17 pN) were observed in common tapping mode conditions as a silicon tip intermittently contacted a glass substrate in aqueous solution; as a consequence, the direction of the force vector tilted considerably more than expected. When addressing the surface of a lipid bilayer, the behavior of the force components differed significantly from that observed on glass. This is attributed to the lateral mobility of the lipid membrane coupled with its elastic properties. Direct access to interaction components Fx, Fy, and Fz provides a more complete view of tip dynamics that underlie force microscope operation and can form the foundation of a three-dimensional AFM in a plurality of conditions.
<i>Campylobacter jejuni</i>: Specific oligonucleotides and DNA probes for use in polymerase chain reaction-based diagnosis (1993)

A 1189 base-pair long DNA fragment, VS1, was isolated from a Campylobacter jejuni CIP 70.2 cosmid library and was found to contain regions specific for this bacterial species. For detection and identification of C. jejuni, two oligonucleotides derived from the VS1 sequence were used as primers in polymerase chain reaction tests on genomic DNAs from 38 campylobacter and from 10 non-Campylobacter strains. A specific, 358 base-pair long DNA fragment was amplified only when C. jejuni DNA was used as a target. The detection limit of the amplification reaction was as low as 1.86 fg DNA, which is the equivalent of one C. jejuni genome.
Cholecystokinin antagonists. Synthesis of asperlicin analogs with improved potency and water solubility (1986)

Seventeen analogues of the selective, competitive cholecystokinin (CCK) antagonist asperlicin 1 were prepared. These compounds were tested as inhibitors of the binding of [125I]CCK to rat pancreas and guinea pig brain receptors. Compounds 4, 7, and 8 were more potent than asperlicin on the pancreatic CCK receptor. One analogue, 17, displayed potency equivalent to asperlicin on the pancreas CCK receptor and showed a marked improvement in aqueous solubility, thereby facilitating the use of this class of CCK antagonists in physiological and pharmacological studies.
Structure of photochromic spiroxazines. II. 1',3',3'-Trimethylspiro{anthra[2,1-f][1,4]benzoxazine-2,2'-indoline}-7,12-dione (1993)

The asymmetric unit comprises two crystallographically independent molecules. The molecule consists of a substituted indoline ring orthogonally linked to an anthraquinone-benzo-oxazine moiety through a spiro C atom having regular sp 3 hybridization. The length of the C spiro -O bond, that undergoes cleavage upon photoexcitation, is larger than that normally observed for other spiroxazines having lower photocolourability than the title compound
Syntheses of Trisulfonated Phthalocyanines and Their Derivatives Using Boron(III) Subphthalocyanines as Intermediates (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSyntheses of Trisulfonated Phthalocyanines and Their Derivatives Using Boron(III) Subphthalocyanines as IntermediatesSvetlana V. Kudrevich, Sandra Gilbert, and Johan E. van LierView Author Information MRC Group in the Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 17, 5706–5707Publication Date (Web):August 23, 1996Publication History Received20 March 1996Revised24 June 1996Published online23 August 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo9605354https://doi.org/10.1021/jo9605354rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views713Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Mixtures,Molecular structure,Reaction products,Salts,Substituents Get e-Alerts
Binding Mode Characterization of NBD Series CD4-Mimetic HIV-1 Entry Inhibitors by X-Ray Structure and Resistance Study (2014)

We previously identified two small-molecule CD4 mimetics--NBD-556 and NBD-557--and synthesized a series of NBD compounds that resulted in improved neutralization activity in a single-cycle HIV-1 infectivity assay. For the current investigation, we selected several of the most active compounds and assessed their antiviral activity on a panel of 53 reference HIV-1 Env pseudoviruses representing diverse clades of clinical isolates. The selected compounds inhibited tested clades with low-micromolar potencies. Mechanism studies indicated that they act as CD4 agonists, a potentially unfavorable therapeutic trait, in that they can bind to the gp120 envelope glycoprotein and initiate a similar physiological response as CD4. However, one of the compounds, NBD-09027, exhibited reduced agonist properties, in both functional and biophysical studies. To understand the binding mode of these inhibitors, we first generated HIV-1-resistant mutants, assessed their behavior with NBD compounds, and determined the X-ray structures of two inhibitors, NBD-09027 and NBD-10007, in complex with the HIV-1 gp120 core at ∼2-Å resolution. Both studies confirmed that the NBD compounds bind similarly to NBD-556 and NBD-557 by inserting their hydrophobic groups into the Phe43 cavity of gp120. The basic nitrogen of the piperidine ring is located in close proximity to D368 of gp120 but it does not form any H-bond or salt bridge, a likely explanation for their nonoptimal antagonist properties. The results reveal the structural and biological character of the NBD series of CD4 mimetics and identify ways to reduce their agonist properties and convert them to antagonists.
ELECTROGENERATIVE OXIDATION OF ETHANOL TO ACETALDEHYDE (1985)

Ethanol enriched vapor streams from twenty-five volume percent ethanol-water mixtures can be selectively oxidized with porous platinum electrodes and sulfuric acid electrolyte in the elec-trogeneratice mode to give acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde yield from ethanol depends on potential and feed rate of ethanol vapor in the carrier gas stream. Control of conversions of ethanol to acetaldehyde in the range of 3 to more than 60 percent in a single stage is demonstrated. It is shown that at moderate flow rates for selective conversion there is a preferred potential range at which to operate the electrogenerative reactor.
Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates from Atmospheric Pressure Carbon Dioxide Using Exceptionally Active Aluminium(salen) Complexes as Catalysts (2007)

Abstract Dimetallic aluminium(salen) complexes show exceptionally high catalytic activity for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from terminal epoxides at ambient temperature and pressure. The process has the potential to contribute towards decreasing atmospheric carbon dioxide emissions from the burning of fossil fuels. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
User agents and flexible messages: a new approach to wireless two-way messaging (2002)

Wireless messaging, in the form of two-way paging, is an integral part of universal Personal Communications Services (PCS). Basic wireless messaging services include providing reliable (acknowledged) message delivery, reply capabilities, and message origination from a messaging device. Many more advanced services can also be envisioned. Wireless networks and end devices impose many limitations on system design. To overcome the problems caused by such an environment, we have introduced network based proxies, called user agents, to assist simple end devices, and a novel way to define messages, called flexible messages, so that advanced messaging services may be offered. In this paper, we describe how user agents and flexible messages assist in providing messaging services in the Pigeon two-way messaging research prototype at Bell Laboratories.
Energy-Efficient Communication in the Presence of Synchronization Errors (2013)

Communication systems are traditionally designed to have tight transmitter-receiver synchronization. This requirement has negligible overhead in the high-SNR regime. However, in many applications, such as wireless sensor networks, communication needs to happen primarily in the energy-efficient regime of low SNR, where requiring tight synchronization can be highly suboptimal. In this paper, we model the noisy channel with synchronization errors as an insertion/deletion/substitution channel. For this channel, we propose a new communication scheme that requires only loose transmitter-receiver synchronization. We show that the proposed scheme is asymptotically optimal for the Gaussian channel with synchronization errors in terms of energy efficiency as measured by the rate per unit energy. In the process, we also establish that the lack of synchronization causes negligible loss in energy efficiency. We further show that, for a general discrete memoryless channel with synchronization errors and a general input cost function admitting a zero-cost symbol, the rate per unit cost achieved by the proposed scheme is within a factor two of the information-theoretic optimum.
Stacked white organic light emitting devices consisting of separate red, green, and blue elements (2008)

We demonstrate a white organic light-emitting device where individual red, green, and blue (R, G, and B) phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices are vertically stacked and electrically interconnected by a compound MoO3/Li-doped charge generation layer. For the order of B, G, and R cells positioned relative to the indium tin oxide anode, the device yields a peak total external quantum efficiency (EQE) and power efficiency (PE) of ηext=(36±2)% at a current density of J=82 μA/cm2 and ηp=21±1 lm/W at J=17 μA/cm2, respectively. The EQE and PE of the device roll off to (32±2)% and 13±1 lm/W at 1000 cd/m2, corresponding to J=2 mA/cm2. At this luminance, the device shows Commission Internationale de L’Eclairage chromaticity coordinates of (0.45, 0.36) and a color rendering index of 63.