gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Homoarginine, Cardiovascular Risk, and Mortality (2010)

Homoarginine levels are independently associated with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in patients referred for coronary angiography and in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Future studies are needed to elucidate the underlying pathomechanisms.
Access Versus Bandwidth in Codes for Storage (2014)

Maximum distance separable (MDS) codes are widely used in storage systems to protect against disk (node) failures. A node is said to have capacity <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</i> over some field F, if it can store that amount of symbols of the field. An ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n, k, l</i> ) MDS code uses n nodes of capacity l to store k information nodes. The MDS property guarantees the resiliency to any <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n-k</i> node failures. An optimal bandwidth (respectively, optimal access) MDS code communicates (respectively, accesses) the minimum amount of data during the repair process of a single failed node. It was shown that this amount equals a fraction of 1/( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n - k</i> ) of data stored in each node. In previous optimal bandwidth constructions, <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</i> scaled polynomially with k in codes when the asymptotic rate is less than 1. Moreover, in constructions with a constant number of parities, i.e., when the rate approaches 1, <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</i> is scaled exponentially with <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</i> . In this paper, we focus on the case of linear codes with linear repair operations and constant number of parities <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</i> - <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</i> = <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</i> , and ask the following question: given the capacity of a node l what is the largest number of information disks k in an optimal bandwidth (respectively, access) ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</i> + <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r, k, l</i> ) MDS code? We give an upper bound for the general case, and two tight bounds in the special cases of two important families of codes. The first is a family of codes with optimal update property, and the second is a family with optimal access property. Moreover, the bounds show that in some cases optimal-bandwidth codes have larger <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</i> than optimal-access codes, and therefore these two measures are not equivalent.
A VoiceXML framework for reusable dialog components (2003)

VoiceXML or Voice extensible Markup Language, is a special markup language designed to facilitate the creation of speech application, especially interactive voice response (IVR) application. The VoiceXML Forum has submitted VoiceXML 1.0 to the W3C Voice Browser activity. As part of its activities, the W3C Voice Browser working group has identified reusable dialog components as an item worth studying and it published a set of associated requirements. We present two frameworks that satisfy the W3C reusable dialog component requirements while remaining compliant with the VoiceXML 1.0 specifications. One framework is client-centric, the other is server centric.
Dual-Band Volterra Series Digital Pre-Distortion for Envelope Tracking Power Amplifiers (2014)

This letter presents a new dual band Volterra-based model suitable for the linearization of envelope tracking (ET) power amplifiers (PAs) driven concurrently with two widely spaced modulated signals. The model has two modules: a dual-band baseband equivalent Volterra series to compensate for the dynamic nonlinear distortions associated with the PA (assuming a constant drain supply voltage) and a polynomial term added to mitigate the distortions introduced by a dynamic drain supply modulation. The proposed model was successfully applied to linearize a 10 W and a 45 W dual band ET PA concurrently driven with different arrangements of two signals modulated according to wideband code division multiple access and long-term evolution standards around 2.0 and 2.2 GHz, and 2.1 and 2.9 GHz. A measured error vector magnitude of 1.5% and an adjacent channel power ratio better than -47 dBc, demonstrated the excellent linearization capacity of the proposed dual-band ET Volterra digital pre-distortion scheme.
Rheumatoid factor isotypes in relation to antibodies against citrullinated peptides and carbamylated proteins before the onset of rheumatoid arthritis (2016)

RF isotypes predicted the development of RA, particularly in combination with ACPA, anti-CCP2 or anti-CarP antibodies. The highest probability for disease development was the presence of anti-CCP2 and anti-filaggrin antibodies.
New Steroidal Dimers with Antifungal and Antiproliferative Activity (2004)

Bile acid-derived novel amphiphilic topology was designed and synthesized in the form of steroidal dimers. These dimers were tested for antifungal and antiproliferative activity in vitro. N(1),N(3)-Diethylenetriaminebis[cholic acid amide] was found to be active against C. albicans, Y. lipolytica, and B. poitrassi at nanomolar concentration and did not show any effect on cell proliferation. N(1),N(2)-Ethylenediaminebis[deoxycholic acid amide] totally inhibited the growth of human oral cancer (HEp-2) and human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells.
Preventing the execution of unauthorized Win32 applications (2002)

Describes an approach and tool for providing administrative control over the execution of software on a Windows NT/2000 system. The kernel-driver-based approach provides the system administrator with a way of restricting users to running only approved applications. As a result, illegal, pirated, personal and malicious software executables can be prevented from running on corporate machines. We describe the key issues involved in the development of this tool and the features that make this tool an important part of regaining enterprise-wide control over corporate machines.
Genome wide association (GWA) predictors of anti-TNFα therapeutic responsiveness in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (2009)

The combination of phenotype and genotype is most predictive of primary nonresponse to anti-TNFalpha in pediatric IBD. Defining predictors of response to anti-TNFalpha may allow the identification of patients who will not benefit from this class of therapy.
Dopamine D4 Receptors: Beyond Schizophrenia (2004)

Dopamine D4 receptors mediate a wide range of neuronal signal transduction cascades. Malfunctions of these mechanisms may contribute to the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders, and their modification underlies the actions of many psychotropic drugs. Postmortem neuropathological and genetic studies provide inconclusive associations between D4 receptors and schizophrenia. Clinical trials of partially selective lead D4 antagonists have proved them to be ineffective against psychotic symptoms in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. However, associations are emerging between D4 receptors and other neuropsychiatric disorders, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder as well as specific personality traits such as novelty seeking. Preclinical studies indicate that D4 receptors play a pivotal role in the cellular mechanisms of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and working memory. Accordingly, D4 receptors have broader implications for human illnesses than has been suggested by early focus on psychotic illness as a clinical target, and selective D4 agents may yield clinically useful drugs for several neuropsychiatric disorders that require improved treatments.
Investigation of the mechanical compliance of highly conductive and durable carbon nanotube-polymer composite thermal interface materials (2017)

In the past several decades, the increasing performance of integrated circuits has put increasing demands on thermal management solutions. The thermal interface resistance of a typical electronics package can often comprise the majority of the total thermal resistance. While much effort has been put into developing high conductivity materials for thermal interface material (TIM) applications, in practice the observed thermal resistances are dependent on many other factors beyond the conductance of the material. A particularly important but somewhat overlooked factor in TIM performance is the mechanical compliance of the material. CTE mismatch between the various materials in typical packages can result in TIMs that need to accommodate chip center-to-edge warpages greater than 50 um. In multichip applications TIMs may need to accommodate chip-to-chip offsets of 100 um or more. These challenges are exacerbated in burn in and device testing applications where temperatures are often higher and contact with the device is a dynamic process sometimes requiring multiple insertions per device tested. There are many different types of TIMs to help mitigate the problem including solders, greases, adhesives, phase change materials, gels, and pads. In this work, carbon nanotube-polymer composite TIMs are investigated as a potential highly compliant, low thermal resistance solution. Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes grown on metal foils can deliver low thermal resistances due to their high in plane conductivity, mechanical compliance and achievable contact area for heat transfer. As carbon nanotube height increases, the TIM becomes more mechanically compliant, but also has a higher thermal resistance. This work focuses on how to make the CNT-polymer composites mechanically compliant while keeping thermal resistance low. Carbon nanotube-polymer TIMs will be stacked to improve compliance while keeping thermal resistance low. A variable force thickness gauge is used to measure the deformation of different TIM composites at different pressures. In addition to initial deformation, compression set and TIM rebound will be evaluated to understand how the candidate TIMs will perform over time and under changing mechanical conditions.
Direct tumor recognition by a human CD4+ T-cell subset potently mediates tumor growth inhibition and orchestrates anti-tumor immune responses (2015)

Tumor antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells generally orchestrate and regulate immune cells to provide immune surveillance against malignancy. However, activation of antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells is restricted at local tumor sites where antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are frequently dysfunctional, which can cause rapid exhaustion of anti-tumor immune responses. Herein, we characterize anti-tumor effects of a unique human CD4(+) helper T-cell subset that directly recognizes the cytoplasmic tumor antigen, NY-ESO-1, presented by MHC class II on cancer cells. Upon direct recognition of cancer cells, tumor-recognizing CD4(+) T cells (TR-CD4) potently induced IFN-γ-dependent growth arrest in cancer cells. In addition, direct recognition of cancer cells triggers TR-CD4 to provide help to NY-ESO-1-specific CD8(+) T cells by enhancing cytotoxic activity, and improving viability and proliferation in the absence of APCs. Notably, the TR-CD4 either alone or in collaboration with CD8(+) T cells significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo in a xenograft model. Finally, retroviral gene-engineering with T cell receptor (TCR) derived from TR-CD4 produced large numbers of functional TR-CD4. These observations provide mechanistic insights into the role of TR-CD4 in tumor immunity, and suggest that approaches to utilize TR-CD4 will augment anti-tumor immune responses for durable therapeutic efficacy in cancer patients.
Structural and stereochemical diversity in prenylated indole alkaloids containing the bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane ring system from marine and terrestrial fungi (2018)

Covering: up to February 2017 Various fungi of the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Malbranchea produce prenylated indole alkaloids possessing a bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane ring system. After the discovery of distinct enantiomers of the natural alkaloids stephacidin A and notoamide B, from A. protuberus MF297-2 and A. amoenus NRRL 35660, another fungi, A. taichungensis, was found to produce their diastereomers, 6-epi-stephacidin A and versicolamide B, as major metabolites. Distinct enantiomers of stephacidin A and 6-epi-stephacidin A may be derived from a common precursor, notoamide S, by enzymes that form a bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane core via a putative intramolecular hetero-Diels-Alder cycloaddition. This review provides our current understanding of the structural and stereochemical homologies and disparities of these alkaloids. Through the deployment of biomimetic syntheses, whole-genome sequencing, and biochemical studies, a unified biogenesis of both the dioxopiperazine and the monooxopiperazine families of prenylated indole alkaloids constituted of bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane ring systems is presented.
Two new monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked assays of apolipoprotein B. (1986)

We describe two new monoclonal antibody-based, solid-phase immunoenzymometric assays for the quantification of apolipoprotein (apo) B in plasma: a competitive assay and a direct assay. For both, we utilize 96-well microtiter plates and native low-density lipoprotein (LDL) for preparing the standard curve. A single monoclonal antibody, MB24, is used in the competitive assay. The direct assay involves use of two monoclonal antibodies, MB24 and MB47. These two antibodies bind to distinct, unrelated apo B epitopes expressed by all LDL particles, and both antibodies detect apo B in very low-density and intermediate-density lipoproteins as well as LDL. With the two-step competitive assay, which involves use of LDL-coated microtiter plates, the intra- and interassay reproducibility in plasma apo B measurements averaged 6% and 12%, respectively. In the one-step direct assay, which takes less than 2 h for completion, plasma samples and peroxidase-labeled MB24 are incubated simultaneously on MB47-coated microtiter wells. The amount of labeled MB24 bound to lipoproteins trapped by MB47 is proportional to apo B concentration. With the direct assay, intra- and interassay CVs averaged 7% and 12%, respectively. These assays are simple, reproducible, involve convenient incubation intervals, and do not require radioisotopes; thus they can be widely applied in clinical laboratories.
Improving practical space-time adaptive radar (2002)

This paper discusses the incorporation of nonhomogeneity detection with space-time adaptive processing to improve the formation of adaptive weights in practical adaptive airborne radar. We examine the problem of improving interference covariance matrix estimation in real-world environments and discuss several approaches for integrating nonhomogeneity detection with space-time adaptive processing. We use measured airborne data from the Rome Laboratory Multichannel Airborne Radar Measurements Program to illustrate key points.
<title>High-precision reflectometry of multilayer coatings for extreme ultraviolet lithography</title> (2000)

Synchrotron-based reflectometry is an important technique for the precise determination of optical properties of reflective multilayer coatings for Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (EUVL). Multilayer coatings enable normal incidence reflectances of more than 65% in the wavelength range between 11 and 15 nm. In order to achieve high resolution and throughput of EUVL systems, stringent requirements not only apply to their mechanical and optical layout, but also apply to the optical properties of the multilayer coatings. Therefore, multilayer deposition on near-normal incidence optical surfaces of projection optics, condenser optics and reflective masks requires suitable high-precision metrology. Most important, due to their small bandpass on the order of only 0.5 nm, all reflective multilayer coatings in EUVL systems must be wavelength-matched to within +/- 0.05 nm. In some cases, a gradient of the coating thickness is necessary for wavelength matching at variable average angle of incidence in different locations on the optical surfaces. Furthermore, in order to preserve the geometrical figure of the optical substrates, reflective multilayer coatings need to be uniform to within 0.01 nm in their center wavelength. This requirement can only be fulfilled with suitable metrology, which provides a precision of a fraction of this value. In addition, for the detailed understanding and the further development of reflective multilayer coatings a precision in the determination of peak reflectances is desirable on the order of 0.1%. Substrates up to 200 mm in diameter and 15 kg in mass need to be accommodated. Above requirements are fulfilled at beamline 6.3.2 of the Advanced Light Source (ALS) in Berkeley. This beamline proved to be precise within 0.2% (rms) for reflectance and 0.002 nm (rms) for wavelength.
AC Loss of a Conductor with Multilayer, Spiral Structure for High-Tc Superconducting Power Cable. (1998)

We applied an electric-circuit model for the calculation of AC loss of a high-Tc superconducting power-cable conductor with four layers and interlayer insulation. This model is composed of the impedance of each layer, which has a resistive part and an inductive part. The resistance of each layer was calculated using the approximate value of the resistive voltage as a function of transport current of multifilamentary Bi-2223 wire. The inductance of each layer was considered to be one of two kinds: one depending on the self-field directed along the axis of the conductor, and one depending on the self-field directed along the circumferential direction of the conductor. From the results of the calculation using the electric-circuit model, it was found that both the calculated and experimental values of AC loss, as a function of transport current of the conductor, are nearly equal, and that the model explains the electromagnetic property of the conductor well. In calculating the current distribution of the conductor, it was also found that drift, in which almost all the current passes through the outer layer, occurs when the transport current is lower than the Ic-value of the conductor. The inductance that depends on the self-field directed along the circumferential direction of the conductor is dominant in the impedance of each layer. This value decreases with the increase in layer radius. Therefore, the impedance of the outer layer is decreased, and hence, the transport current passing through the outer layer is increased. The drift increases the AC loss of the conductor. In order to control the lack of balance of impedance amongst the layers, the inductance that depends on the self-field directed along the axial direction of the conductor, which is increased in the outer layer, must be increased. This value of inductance increases as the length of the spiral pitch of the high-Tc superconducting wires which make up the conductor decreases. The results of calculations of conductor AC loss as a function of the length of the spiral pitch of the wire showed that AC loss is markedly decreased when the length of the spiral pitch is less than 0.5m.
An Uplink Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access Method Based on Frozen Bit Patterns of Polar Codes (2019)

In this letter, we propose a low-complexity uplink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme based on polar codes. The proposed scheme, called polar coding-based NOMA (PC-NOMA), relies on the separation of user signals transmitted in the same physical resources using binary-valued patterns embedded in the frozen bit locations of polar codes. By means of frozen bit patterns unique to each user, the superimposed user signals are separated at the receiver by an interference-cancelation algorithm and a polar decoder. We demonstrate that the proposed scheme performs well even when the received powers of the multiplexed users are not significantly distinct.
Data prefetching on the HP PA-8000 (1997)

Memory latency is a major issue for many modern microprocessor based systems, including the Hewlett-Packard PA-8000. Due to its fast clock rate and wide issue capability, cache misses in the PA-8000 are very expensive. The PA-8000 combines out-of-order execution with multiple outstanding memory requests to tolerate memory latency; however, this approach has its limitations. In order to substantially reduce much of the memory latency penalty, the PA-8000 uses software-based data cache prefetching. In this paper, we discuss the implementation of the data prefetch generation algorithm in the Hewlett-Packard Precision Architecture (HP-PA) compiler. We present performance results for SPECfp95 on a PA-8000 system that show speedups, due to data prefetching, of up to 100%.
Spectrum of Terahertz Pulses from Organic DAST Crystals (2005)

Few-cycle electromagnetic pulses with a spectral content between 0.1 and 10 THz (terahertz pulses) are commonly generated through the optical rectification of ultrashort laser pulses in nonlinear optical crystals. We describe how the THz spectrum emitted from the polar organic salt DAST (4-N,N-dimethylamino-4′-N′-methyl stilbazolium tosylate) can be controlled by varying experimental parameters such as wavelength and duration of the laser pulse, and crystal thickness.
2-(Substituted phenyl)oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridines and 2-(substituted phenyl)oxazolo[5,4-b]pyridines as nonacidic antiinflammatory agents (1978)

Some 2-(substituted phenyl)oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridines and 2-(substituted phenyl)oxazolo[5,4-b]pyridines have good antiinflammatory and analgesic activity. A few possess activity comparable to phenylbutazone or indomethacin without producing the irritation in the gastrointestinal tract that acidic antiinflammatory compounds cause.
Compact Disc - Direct Access Storage Disc (CD-DASD) (1996)

A Compact Disc - direct access storage (CD-DASD) disc has information recorded on its surface in a manner that enables randomly located, isolated (the recorded spiral track does not have to be contiguously written), fixed-length (4-Kbyte) blocks of data the disc to be reliably read via a Compact Disc player that has only minimal modifications made to it. Appropriately modified Compact Disc readers will be able to perform DASD-like data retrieval when such a disc is used. In addition, a Compact Disc writer/reader (such as a CD-E/R drive) that is configured to use the disc described in this paper will be able to write/read data in randomly located sectors that can be individually written and/or accessed as is done in a DASD device; lead-in/lead-out sectors and incremental writing (i.e., appending new information directly to the previously written portion of the spiral disc groove) as is practiced in current CD-R devices is not required.