gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Practical, Secure, and Verifiable Cloud Computing for Mobile Systems (2014)

Cloud computing systems, in which clients rent and share computing resources of third party platforms, have gained widespread use in recent years. Furthermore, cloud computing for mobile systems (i.e., systems in which the clients are mobile devices) have too been receiving considerable attention in technical literature. We propose a new method of delegating computations of resource-constrained mobile clients, in which multiple servers interact to construct an encrypted program known as garbled circuit. Next, using garbled inputs from a mobile client, another server executes this garbled circuit and returns the resulting garbled outputs. Our system assures privacy of the mobile client's data, even if the executing server chooses to collude with all but one of the other servers. We adapt the garbled circuit design of Beaver et al. and the secure multiparty computation protocol of Goldreich et al. for the purpose of building a secure cloud computing for mobile systems. Our method incorporates the novel use of the cryptographically secure pseudo random number generator of Blum et al. that enables the mobile client to efficiently retrieve the result of the computation, as well as to verify that the evaluator actually performed the computation. We analyze the server-side and client-side complexity of our system. Using real-world data, we evaluate our system for a privacy preserving search application that locates the nearest bank/ATM from the mobile client. We also measure the time taken to construct and evaluate the garbled circuit for varying number of servers, demonstrating the feasibility of our secure and verifiable cloud computing for mobile systems.
Discovery of <i>N</i>-[(1<i>S</i>,2<i>S</i>)-3-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2- (3-cyanophenyl)-1-methylpropyl]-2-methyl-2- {[5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxy}propanamide (MK-0364), a Novel, Acyclic Cannabinoid-1 Receptor Inverse Agonist for the Treatment of Obesity (2006)

The discovery of novel acyclic amide cannabinoid-1 receptor inverse agonists is described. They are potent, selective, orally bioavailable, and active in rodent models of food intake and body weight reduction. A major focus of the optimization process was to increase in vivo efficacy and to reduce the potential for formation of reactive metabolites. These efforts led to the identification of compound 48 for development as a clinical candidate for the treatment of obesity.
Injection-seeded terahertz-wave parametric generator with timing stabilized excitation for nondestructive testing applications (2021)

An injection-seeded terahertz (THz)-wave parametric generator (is-TPG) with a footprint the size of an A3 paper is presented. We improved the measurement performance of the is-TPG source for nondestructive inspection applications. A high pulse repetition rate up to 70 kHz and a low pulse timing jitter of a few tens of picoseconds, which is approximately one ten-thousandth of the conventional is-TPG, were achieved. THz waves exhibited excellent performance with a maximum average output power of 20 µW, a monochromatic spectrum linewidth of ∼20 GHz, and a frequency tuning range of 1.7-3.0 THz. This was achieved by designing the entire system configuration from the pump laser source to THz-wave generation. A new double-pass all-solid-state optical amplifier was developed with a high gain and low noise using an externally pulse-modulated laser diode (LD) as the master oscillator source. An achromatic optical injection system was developed for the is-TPG with a 40% reduction in the conventional path length. They were housed in a single enclosure in two layers. LDs and optical fiber amplifiers could be rack-mounted, and the outputs were delivered to the housing via optical fibers. The developed THz-wave source performed nondestructive imaging of a human hair sample fixed with Scotch tape on a test pattern in an envelope by irradiating 2.1 THz waves. A clearly recognizable THz-wave image of an enclosed hair with a spatial resolution close to the THz wavelength was obtained.
On high frequency high voltage generators with planar transformers (2014)

The purpose of this paper is to study the feasibility of a resonant high voltage generator using a high voltage planar transformers. The emphasis is on improving the power density, efficiency, reliability, and repeatability of component characteristics of the planar high voltage transformer by a novel planar winding design. Converter and transformer design issues are discussed and a prototype is evaluated experimentally.
RWA for Network Virtualization in Optical WDM Networks (2013)

We jointly consider problems of virtual network mapping and routing and wavelength assignment in WDM networks. Flexible virtual node mapping enabled by network virtualization achieves significant optical network resource savings compared to fixed node mapping.
E-Stitchup: Data Augmentation for Pre-Trained Embeddings (2019)

In this work, we propose data augmentation methods for embeddings from pre-trained deep learning models that take a weighted combination of a pair of input embeddings, as inspired by Mixup, and combine such augmentation with extra label softening. These methods are shown to significantly increase classification accuracy, reduce training time, and improve confidence calibration of a downstream model that is trained with them. As a result of such improved confidence calibration, the model output can be more intuitively interpreted and used to accurately identify out-of-distribution data by applying an appropriate confidence threshold to model predictions. The identified out-of-distribution data can then be prioritized for labeling, thus focusing labeling effort on data that is more likely to boost model performance. These findings, we believe, lay a solid foundation for improving the classification performance and calibration of models that use pre-trained embeddings as input and provide several benefits that prove extremely useful in a production-level deep learning system.
Novel substrate contact structure for high-Q silicon-integrated spiral inductors (2002)

The general effects of a substrate contact near a spiral inductor on a silicon substrate are investigated. It is found that a string of substrate contacts enclosing the inductor can have beneficial or detrimental effects, depending if the inductor is configured as a one-port or a two-port structure. A 40% increase of the quality factor is found for an inductor in which the substrate contact is connected to ground. The general guidelines for an optimum inductor implementation in an integrated RF circuit are highlighted.
Analysis of rRNA processing and translation in mammalian cells using a synthetic 18S rRNA expression system (2012)

Analysis of processing, assembly, and function of higher eukaryotic ribosomal RNA (rRNA) has been hindered by the lack of an expression system that enables rRNA to be modified and then examined functionally. Given the potential usefulness of such a system, we have developed one for mammalian 18S rRNA. We inserted a sequence tag into expansion segment 3 of mouse 18S rRNA to monitor expression and cleavage by hybridization. Mutations were identified that confer resistance to pactamycin, allowing functional analysis of 40S ribosomal subunits containing synthetic 18S rRNAs by selectively blocking translation from endogenous (pactamycin-sensitive) subunits. rRNA constructs were suitably expressed in transfected cells, shown to process correctly, incorporate into ≈ 15% of 40S subunits, and function normally based on various criteria. After rigorous analysis, the system was used to investigate the importance of sequences that flank 18S rRNA in precursor transcripts. Although deletion analysis supported the requirement of binding sites for the U3 snoRNA, it showed that a large segment of the 5' external transcribed spacer and the entire first internal transcribed spacer, both of which flank 18S rRNA, are not required. The success of this approach opens the possibility of functional analyses of ribosomes, with applications in basic research and synthetic biology.
Suppression of some artifacts of modal noise in fiber-optic systems (1979)

Modal noise, which can cause severe distortion in signals transmitted by fiber optics, is an interference effect that is made more severe by the narrow spectral width of single-mode lasers. The linearity of these devices may be totally obscured after the optical signal has passed through the connectors and fiber lengths of a practical signal system. Dithering the laser's operating point by means of a high-frequency current (>2 GHz) has been found greatly to reduce modal noise.
Dryad (2007)

Dryad is a general-purpose distributed execution engine for coarse-grain data-parallel applications. A Dryad application combines computational "vertices" with communication "channels" to form a dataflow graph. Dryad runs the application by executing the vertices of this graph on a set of available computers, communicating as appropriate through flies, TCP pipes, and shared-memory FIFOs.
Nucleic Acid Labeling, Ligation, and Modification (2017)

In recent years the CuI-catalyzed [3+2] azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) and strain-promoted azide-alkyne [3+2] cycloaddition (SPAAC) reactions have been used to great effect in the nucleic acid field for DNA and RNA labeling, strand ligation, and the generation of artificial nucleic acid backbones. This chapter focuses on the most recent examples of DNA and RNA functionalization and ligation in which the CuAAC and SPAAC reactions have been applied. Chemical ligation of DNA and RNA strands has certain advantages over enzymatic ligation; it can be carried out on a large scale, and it is compatible with a wide range of chemical modifications in the DNA strands as well as being compatible with nucleic acid analogs. To achieve chemical ligation, alkyne- and azide-labeled DNA strands can be joined together efficiently by the CuAAC reaction to give an artificial triazole backbone at the point of ligation.
Progressive Testing of Health Self-efficacy and Literacy for Personalized Engagement (2014)

Patient engagement can be enhanced through continuous monitoring of patient' health knowledge and self-efficacy levels across different co-morbid conditions and key aspects in health improvement and recovery. While self-reported test batteries and computerized instruments have been designed to perform evaluation of patient literacy and self-efficacy, they are not practical to be used in scenarios where concurrent tests are needed to understand the change over time. In this paper we propose an adaptive system that can progressively compose the most pertinent test for each user based on the provisional estimates of a patient's latent trait being measured. This requires modeling not only the latent health literacy and self-efficacy levels of patients and the difficulty and discriminating factors of test items, but also the temporal dependency among concurrent tests. The goal is to account for changes over the course of patient engagement history as the basis for devising personalized patient plans.
Low latency live video streaming using HTTP chunked encoding (2011)

Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) based streaming solutions for live video and video on demand (VOD) applications have become available recently. However, the existing HTTP streaming solutions cannot provide a low latency experience due to the fact that inherently in all of them, latency is tied to the duration of the media fragments that are individually requested and obtained over HTTP. We propose a low latency HTTP streaming approach using HTTP chunked encoding, which enables the server to transmit partial fragments before the entire video fragment is published. We develop an analytical model to quantify and compare the live latencies in three HTTP streaming approaches. Then, we present the details of our experimental setup and implementation. Both the analysis and experimental results show that the chunked encoding approach is capable of reducing the live latency to one to two chunk durations and that the resulting live latency is independent of the fragment duration.
New trench MOSFET technology for DC-DC converter applications (2004)

ew trench MOSFET technology presented in this paper includes several major technological breakthroughs that significantly improved device performance in DC-DC converter applications. The figure of merit R*AA has reached as low as 12 mOhm.mm/sup 2/ for a 30 VN SyncFET and R*Qg is only 75 is only 75 mOhm.nC for a 30VN Control FET, one of the lowest reported.
<title>Design and performance of a dynamically aligned step-scan interferometer</title> (1992)

In the past decade advances in microprocessors have been applied in FT-IR spectrometers to deliver higher data system performance at substantially reduced cost. Now, advances in microprocessors and signal processing technology are being applied to overcome current performance limits in the FT-IR optical bench, and considerably expand their functionality. This paper describes the design and performance of a new generation of research-grade interferometer, the 896, using state-of-the-art technology. The major enhancements are: rapid auto-align (allowing interchanging of beamsplitters); dynamic alignment (giving active stabilization and allowing high performance operation over a wide variety of scan conditions); enhanced stability rapid-scan mode with general purpose kinetic software; step-scan mode (0.004 Hz to 800 Hz) with variable phase modulation; and dynamic range extension.
A New Hybrid Multilevel Inverter Topology with Reduced Switch Count and dc Voltage Sources (2019)

In this paper, a new single-phase hybrid multilevel inverter (MLI) is proposed. Compared to other existing MLI topologies, the proposed circuit is capable of producing a higher number of output voltage levels using fewer power switches and dc sources. The levels are synthesized by switching the dc voltage sources in series/parallel combinations. An auxiliary circuit is introduced to double the number of levels by creating an intermediate step in between two levels. In addition, a zero level is introduced to overcome the inherent absence of this level in the original circuit. To improve the total harmonic distortion, a hybrid modulation technique is utilized. The operation and performance of the circuit are analyzed and confirmed using MATLAB/Simulink simulation. To validate the workability of the proposed idea, a 300 W, a thirteen level MLI (including the zero level) is designed and constructed. The circuit is tested with a no-load, resistive load and resistive-inductive load. The experimental results match very closely with the simulation and mathematical analysis.
Low-Frequency Modal Equalization of Loudspeaker-Room Responses (2001)

a room with strong low-frequency modes the control of excessively long decays is problematic or impossible th conventional passive means. In this paper we present a systematic methodology for active modal equalizan able to correct the modal decay behavior of a loudspeaker-room system. Two methods of modal equalization e proposed. The first method modifies the primary sound such that modal decays are controlled. The second thod uses separate primary and secondary radiators and controls modal decays with sound fed into the seconry radiator. Case studies of the first method of implementation are presented.
Calibration of Multipath Errors on GPS Pseudorange Measurements (1994)

As GPS navigation errors reaches as small as a
centimeter multipath becomes a major error source which
causes problem to solve cycle ambiguities. Although
multipath on GPS pseudorange has been studied by many
people, actual calibration and elimination of multipath
errors on GPS pseudorange measurements was not
successful unless a new architecture of GPS receiver
hardware is considered.
This paper is presenting how to calibrate the
multipath errors on the pseudorange measurements
without a change of receiver hardware, using the fact that
multipath is dependent on environment geometry around
GPS antenna. After we calibrated, fitted to spherical
harmonics, and reduced the multipath errors for a static
user. This multipath calibration will help not only static
user but also kinematic survey and real-time DGPS users
to solve cycle ambiguities faster and more reliably. It
will also help reduce errors in ionospheric time delay
measurements for dual-frequency users.
Poly(A)-ClickSeq: click-chemistry for next-generation 3΄-end sequencing without RNA enrichment or fragmentation (2017)

The recent emergence of alternative polyadenylation (APA) as an engine driving transcriptomic diversity has stimulated the development of sequencing methodologies designed to assess genome-wide polyadenylation events. The goal of these approaches is to enrich, partition, capture and ultimately sequence poly(A) site junctions. However, these methods often require poly(A) enrichment, 3΄ linker ligation steps, and RNA fragmentation, which can necessitate higher levels of starting RNA, increase experimental error and potentially introduce bias. We recently reported a click-chemistry based method for generating RNAseq libraries called 'ClickSeq'. Here, we adapt this method to direct the cDNA synthesis specifically toward the 3΄UTR/poly(A) tail junction of cellular RNA. With this novel approach, we demonstrate sensitive and specific enrichment for poly(A) site junctions without the need for complex sample preparation, fragmentation or purification. Poly(A)-ClickSeq (PAC-seq) is therefore a simple procedure that generates high-quality RNA-seq poly(A) libraries. As a proof-of-principle, we utilized PAC-seq to explore the poly(A) landscape of both human and Drosophila cells in culture and observed outstanding overlap with existing poly(A) databases and also identified previously unannotated poly(A) sites. Moreover, we utilize PAC-seq to quantify and analyze APA events regulated by CFIm25 illustrating how this technology can be harnessed to identify alternatively polyadenylated RNA.
Timing and synchronization of droplets on ratchet conveyors (2016)

We report on a novel anisotropic ratchet conveyor (ARC) system that can transport liquid droplets using silicon dioxide (SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) patterns and applied vibrations. We have discovered that the threshold acceleration amplitude can be modulated by a transition in the duty cycle of recurring SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> features. From this observation we have developed `droplet gates', or devices that can selectively pause droplet motion. These devices are essential for timing, synchronization, and mixing of droplets in automated ARC systems.
Fracture toughness of YBa<sub>2</sub>Cu<sub>3</sub>O<sub>x</sub>containing Y<sub>2</sub>BaCuO<sub>5</sub>and ZrO<sub>2</sub> (1991)

Tetragonal ZrO2 particles have been added to superconducting YBa2Cu3Ox(123) to improve its fracture toughness (KlC). Reactions between the ZrO2 and 123 prevented the ZrO2 from providing significant toughening. A sol-gel coating of Y2BaCuO5(211) on the ZrO2 particles minimized the deleterious reactions. Addition of 20 mol.% ZrO2 coated with 211 yielded a 123 composite with a KlC of 4.5 MPa m0.5.
Development of the Multiplex PCR Detection Kit for Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 (2011)

This review describes the development of the multiplex PCR detection kit for Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in food samples. To develop a detection assay, our research team evaluated the optimization of the pre-enrichment broth, the simple DNA extraction method, and the multiplex PCR settings. When this detection protocol was used to detect the above pathogenic bacteria, one cell per 25 g of inoculated sample was detected within 24 h. Moreover, there was excellent agreement between the multiplex PCR assay and the conventional culture method. The multiplex PCR detection assay system was confirmed to be a reliable and useful method for the rapid screening of food products for foodborne pathogens. The assay system was commercialized as a “[TA10] Pathogenic Bacterial Multiplex PCR Detection Kit”. When this kit was provided to four different laboratories for an extensive validation study, there were no significant differences in detection sensitivity among the laboratories. The detection kit will be valuable as a screening method for foods contaminated with these pathogens, and it will also be useful for identifying the sources of outbreaks of foodborne illness.
Retargeting R-Type Pyocins To Generate Novel Bactericidal Protein Complexes (2008)

R-type pyocins are high-molecular-weight bacteriocins that resemble bacteriophage tail structures and are produced by some Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. R-type pyocins kill by dissipating the bacterial membrane potential after binding. The high-potency, single-hit bactericidal kinetics of R-type pyocins suggest that they could be effective antimicrobials. However, the limited antibacterial spectra of natural R-type pyocins would ultimately compromise their clinical utility. The spectra of these protein complexes are determined in large part by their tail fibers. By replacing the pyocin tail fibers with tail fibers of Pseudomonas phage PS17, we changed the bactericidal specificity of R2 pyocin particles to a different subset of P. aeruginosa strains, including some resistant to PS17 phage. We further extended this idea by fusing parts of R2 tail fibers with parts of tail fibers from phages that infect other bacteria, including Escherichia coli and Yersinia pestis, changing the killing spectrum of pyocins from P. aeruginosa to the bacterial genus, species, or strain that serves as a host for the donor phage. The assembly of active R-type pyocins requires chaperones specific for the C-terminal portion of the tail fiber. Natural and retargeted R-type pyocins exhibit narrow bactericidal spectra and thus can be expected to cause little collateral damage to the healthy microbiotae and not to promote the horizontal spread of multidrug resistance among bacteria. Engineered R-type pyocins may offer a novel alternative to traditional antibiotics in some infections.
Quantification of postural balance using augmented reality based environment: A pilot study (2017)

Here, we present an affordable Augmented Reality (AR) based system to quantify postural stability of an individual which can be used in tele-rehabilitation and personalized health care applications. Postural instability is a prominent symptom of many physiological disorders and is a major precursor of fall risk. Conventional stability scoring techniques require presence of physiotherapist and are time consuming as well as expensive. Proposed system overcomes these difficulties by integrating a low cost Microsoft Kinect and an AR-based environment with a fuzzy stability scorer algorithm. The system gives a real time stability score by quantifying the Single Limb Stance task with variable step height. Results obtained are compared with Berg Balance stability scale to show the efficiency of the proposed system.
Containerless high-temperature calorimeter (1979)

Samples are heated by electron bombardment in high-temperature calorimeter that operates from 1,000 to 3,600 C yet consumes less that 100 watts at temperatures less than 2,500 C. Contamination of samples is kept to minimum by suspending them from wire in vacuum chamber. Various sample slopes such as wires, dishs, spheres, rods, or irregular bodies can be accommodated and only about 100 nq of samples are needed for accurate measurements.