gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detecting Road Traffic Events by Coupling Multiple Timeseries With a Nonparametric Bayesian Method (2014)

Road traffic sensors provide rich multivariable datastreams about the current traffic conditions. Occasionally, there are unusual traffic events (such as accidents, jams, and severe weather) that disrupt the expected road traffic conditions. Detecting the occurrence of such events in an online and real-time manner is useful to drivers in planning their routes and in the management of the transportation infrastructure. We propose a new method for detecting traffic events that impact road traffic conditions by extending the Bayesian robust principal component analysis (RPCA) approach. Our method couples multiple traffic datastreams so that they share a certain sparse structure. This sparse structure is used to localize traffic events in space and time. The traffic datastreams are measurements of different physical quantities (e.g., traffic flow and road occupancy) by different nearby sensors. Our proposed method processes datastreams in an incremental way with small computational cost; hence, it is suitable to detect events in an online and real-time manner. We experimentally analyze the detection performance of the proposed coupled Bayesian RPCA (BRPCA) using real data from loop detectors on the Minnesota I-494. We find that our method significantly improves the detection accuracy when compared with the traditional PCA and noncoupled BRPCA.
Discrete mixture Models (2006)

Allowing for variations in behaviour across respondents is one of the most fundamental principles in discrete choice modelling, given that the assumption of a purely homogeneous population cannot in general be seen to be valid. Two approaches have classically been used to address this problem; the use of deterministic segmentations of the population, and the use of a random continuous representation of variations in tastes across respondents. In this paper, a revised version of [10], we discuss an alternative approach, based on the use of discrete mixtures of underlying choice models over a finite set of distinct support points. The applied part of this paper shows how the resulting model structure can be used to test the validity of hypotheses such as the presence of individuals with zero valuations of travel-time changes.
Surface plasmon resonance of gold nano-sea-urchin (2007)

The authors synthesized high-quality gold nano-sea-urchin in aqueous solution with an environment-friendly method. They found that the gold nano-sea-urchin can induce the interaction of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) mode with substrate. The SPR peak splits and blueshifts from 630to440nm and the result has potential application for enhanced-Raman scattering, optical communications, and solar cells.
Spectral (Bin) Microphysics Coupled with a Mesoscale Model (MM5). Part I: Model Description and First Results (2005)

Abstract Considerable research investments have been made to improve the accuracy of forecasting precipitation systems in cloud-resolving, mesoscale atmospheric models. Yet, despite a significant improvement in model grid resolution and a decrease in initial condition uncertainty, the accurate prediction of precipitation amount and distribution still remains a difficult problem. Now, the development of a fast version of spectral (bin) microphysics (SBM Fast) offers significant potential for improving the description of precipitation-forming processes in mesoscale atmospheric models. The SBM Fast is based on solving a system of equations for size distribution functions for water drops and three types of ice crystals (plates, columns, and dendrites), as well as snowflakes, graupel, and hail/frozen drops. Ice processes are represented by three size distributions, instead of six in the original SBM code. The SBM uses first principles to simulate microphysical processes such as diffusional growth and collision. A budget for aerosols is used to obtain the spectrum of condensation nuclei, which is used to obtain the initial drop spectrum. Hence, SBM allows one to take into account aerosol effects on precipitation, and corresponding cloud effects on the atmospheric aerosol concentration and distribution. SBM Fast has been coupled with the three-dimensional fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University–NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5), which allows SBM Fast to simulate microphysics within a realistic, time-varying mesoscale environment. This paper describes the first three-dimensional SBM mesoscale model and presents results using 1-km resolution to simulate initial development of a cloud system over Florida on 27 July 1991. The focus is on initial cloud development along the west coast, just prior to sea-breeze formation. The results indicate that the aerosol concentration had a very important impact on cloud dynamics, microphysics, and rainfall. Vertical cross sections of clouds obtained using SBM Fast are compared to those from a version of the “Reisner2” bulk-parameterization scheme that uses the Kessler autoconversion formula. The results show that this version of “Reisner2” produced vertically upright clouds that progressed very quickly from initial cloud formation to raindrop formation. In contrast, clouds obtained using SBM were relatively long lasting with greater production of stratiform clouds.
Image Processing Techniques (2002)

Abstract Image processing includes those methods that operate on arrays of pixels to produce a modified image in which some of the information is enhanced in visibility and necessarily some other information is reduced. This is done presumably because the user can determine from the intended use of the image which information is currently important. In other situation, different processing might be used to extract other information from the image. There are several different ways to organize image processing methods to aid in understanding and to provide a logical structure for explanation. One is by purpose: to correct defects in images that arise from imperfect cameras, illumination, etc; to enhance the visibility of particular structures within images; to recognize and locate features; etc. In many cases, the same tools can be used for several of these different objectives. Another method is to distinguish between operations that work on single pixels, within small neighborhoods, and globally on the entire image. This article discussed single‐pixel operations.
Preparation and Properties of Sintered CdS Films (1986)

Polycrystal films were prepared by coating slurry on amorphous glass substrates and sintering in a nitrogen atmosphere in an attempt to produce films with properties suitable for fabricating all‐polycrystal heterojunction solar cells. The uniformity in microstructure and properties of these films has been correlated with starting particle size, volume percent of powder in the slurry, and sintering conditions. The variations of electrical properties as a function of sintering temperature, sintering period, and the amount of sintering aid added have been correlated with the variations in carrier concentration, grain size, and microstructure. Additional effect of heating rate is also considered. By optimizing the preparation conditions, it is possible to produce transparent films on amorphous glass substrates with an electron density in excess of 1018/cm3 and an electron mobility of 25 cm2/V‐s, The trap density of grain boundary is an order of for sintered films.
Location-aware Beam Alignment for mmWave Communications (2019)

Beam alignment is required in millimeter wave communication to ensure high data rate transmission. However, with narrow beamwidth in massive MIMO, beam alignment could be computationally intensive due to the large number of beam pairs to be measured. In this paper, we propose an efficient beam alignment framework by exploiting the location information of the user equipment (UE) and potential reflecting points. The proposed scheme allows the UE and the base station to perform a coordinated beam search from a small set of beams within the error boundary of the location information, the selected beams are then used to guide the search of future beams. To further reduce the number of beams to be searched, we propose an intelligent search scheme within a small window of beams to determine the direction of the actual beam. The proposed beam alignment algorithm is verified on simulation with some location uncertainty.
Ion channels in mammalian vestibular afferents may set regularity of firing (2008)

Rodent vestibular afferent neurons offer several advantages as a model system for investigating the significance and origins of regularity in neuronal firing interval. Their regularity has a bimodal distribution that defines regular and irregular afferent classes. Factors likely to be involved in setting firing regularity include the morphology and physiology of the afferents' contacts with hair cells, which may influence the averaging of synaptic noise and the afferents' intrinsic electrical properties. In vitro patch clamp studies on the cell bodies of primary vestibular afferents reveal a rich diversity of ion channels, with indications of at least two neuronal populations. Here we suggest that firing patterns of isolated vestibular ganglion somata reflect intrinsic ion channel properties, which in vivo combine with hair cell synaptic drive to produce regular and irregular firing.
1.55 μm VCSELs with InP/air-gap distributed bragg reflectors (2005)

The presented VCSELs demonstrate the possibility of fabricating cavities with extremely large Q-factors by using InP/air-gap DBRs. At the same time, the deployed technologies permits to fabricate potentially tunable VCSELs. Photo-pumped and electrically pumped VCSELs and their tunability when working as resonant cavity light emitting diodes are presented. Output powers of up to 110 /spl mu/W at room temperature and a maximum wavelength tuning of 22 nm have been achieved.
Report on Non-Contact DC Electric Field Sensors (2009)

This document reports on methods used to measure DC electrostatic fields in the range of 100 to 4000 V/m using a non-contact method. The project for which this report is written requires this capability. Non-contact measurements of DC fields is complicated by the effect of the accumulation of random space-charges near the sensors which interfere with the measurement of the field-of-interest and consequently, many forms of field measurements are either limited to AC measurements or use oscillating devices to create pseudo-AC fields. The intent of this document is to report on methods discussed in the literature for non-contact measurement of DC fields. Electric field meters report either the electric field expressed in volts per distance or the voltage measured with respect to a ground reference. Common commercial applications for measuring static (DC) electric fields include measurement of surface charge on materials near electronic equipment to prevent arcing which can destroy sensitive electronic components, measurement of the potential for lightning to strike buildings or other exposed assets, measurement of the electric fields under power lines to investigate potential health risks from exposure to EM fields and measurement of fields emanating from the brain for brain diagnostic purposes. Companies that make electric field sensors include Trek (Medina, NY), MKS Instruments, Boltek, Campbell Systems, Mission Instruments, Monroe Electronics, AlphaLab, Inc. and others. In addition to commercial vendors, there are research activities continuing in the MEMS and optical arenas to make compact devices using the principles applied to the larger commercial sensors.
Suitability and Optimization of High-Voltage IGBTs for Series Connection With Active Voltage Clamping (2005)

The successful series combination of 5.2-kV high-voltage integrated gate bipolar transistors (HV IGBTs) is reported in this paper. The tail current cut-off encountered in punchthrough type HV IGBTs can represent a particularly severe handicap for the full control of the inductive voltage overshoot when connecting two devices in series. Advanced voltage clamping techniques are demonstrated, which can also limit the second voltage spike originating from the tail current cut off. It is shown in this paper, that IGBTs with a carrier lifetime profile localized at the anode side are particularly well suited for this application; the shorter the tail current interval, the lower the turn-off losses can be kept. The discussion focuses on the optimum on-state plasma distribution in punchthrough-type HV IGBTs with respect to series connection of these devices. The most recent trends in the development of HV IGBTs seem to be in line with the conclusions drawn in the discussion. Advanced future HV IGBT concepts may substantially ease the difficulties encountered in the series connection of first generation HV IGBTs as used experimentally in this paper.
Towards an approach for multi-device interface design (2005)

This paper proposes an approach for multi-device interface design that extends pre-designed interfaces keeping the original application conceptual model without loosing its usability, The proposal reinterprets general aspects of well known Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) lifecycle models and can be extended to the design of any interactive product. When validated through a simple transformation between a large and a small screen interface in an HCI domain, it shall point to a much less maintenance cost/complexity and a better usability, ensuring the user's satisfaction.
Accelerator-aware Neural Network Design using AutoML (2020)

While neural network hardware accelerators provide a substantial amount of raw compute throughput, the models deployed on them must be co-designed for the underlying hardware architecture to obtain the optimal system performance. We present a class of computer vision models designed using hardware-aware neural architecture search and customized to run on the Edge TPU, Google's neural network hardware accelerator for low-power, edge devices. For the Edge TPU in Coral devices, these models enable real-time image classification performance while achieving accuracy typically seen only with larger, compute-heavy models running in data centers. On Pixel 4's Edge TPU, these models improve the accuracy-latency tradeoff over existing SoTA mobile models.
First Spectroscopic Evidence for Complex Bases: A 23Na NMR Study of Solid NaNH2-t-BuONa (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFirst Spectroscopic Evidence for Complex Bases: A 23Na NMR Study of Solid NaNH2-t-BuONaP. Palmas, P. Tekely, B. Jamart-Gregoire, P. Caubere, and D. CanetCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 25, 11604–11605Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00104a065https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00104a065research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views65Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dietary Glycemic Index May Influence Cancer Risk by Modulating IGF-I Activity: A Hypothesis (1998)

A high-glycemic-index diet increases hepatocyte exposure to insulin, and thus should up-regulate IGF-I activity—both by stimulating IGF-I synthesis and by suppressing hepatic production of IGFBP-1. The resulting increase in IGF-I activity might be expected to have a significant cancer promotional impact in light of IGF-I's role as a progressional growth factor and anti-apoptotic agent in a great many normal and neoplastic tissues. Although direct epidemiological data linking the glycemic index of habitual diets to cancer risk are currently scarce, the profusion of reports suggesting that legumes—one of the lowest-glycemic-index staple foods—are cancer preventive is consistent with the thesis that a low-glycemic-index diet is protective in this regard; the apparent protection associated with high intakes of fruit and of fiber-rich foods may also be partially traceable to reduced glycemia. Slowly digested starch may be stored preferentially in the liver, accounting for its favorable impact on satiety and glycemic regulation; through induction of hepatic glucokinase, high-dose biotin may enhance hepatic uptake of portal glucose and thus reduce the effective glycemic index of meals. Choosing low-glycemic index starchy foods is only one of a number of measures—which include exercise training, a very-low-fat vegan diet, appropriate weight reduction, caloric restriction, and intake of chromium, biguanides, and possibly high-dose biotin—that tend to minimize diurnal insulin secretion in the context of good glycemic control, thereby decreasing risk for atherothrombotic disease, diabetes, obesity, and cancer, and perhaps even slowing the aging process.
A solid colloidal drug delivery system for the eye: encapsulation of pilocarpin in nanoparticles (1986)

The present study was undertaken in order to encapsulate pilocarpin into nanoparticles. Two principally different methods for manufacturing these particles were investigated. Firstly, pilocarpin was dissolved in an aqueous medium in which the polymerization was carried out, and secondly, the polymerizing monomer was kept saturated with the drug solution under acidic conditions resulting in an incorporation into the nanoparticles in an aqueous environment. The amount of pilocarpin that could be incorporated into the nanoparticles was found to be largely influenced by the temperature at which the nanoparticles were produced and by the stabilizers used. At low temperatures, up to 60 per cent of pilocarpin nitrate could be encapsulated into butylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles using emulsion polymerization techniques. Larger amounts of pilocarpin could not be incorporated because of the hydrophilicity of the salts of this drug. The physico-chemical characteristics of the nanoparticles are reported: the particle size and morphology were determined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy and photon correlation spectrometry. The average particle size was about 100 nm. The results obtained in this study show that photon correlation spectrometry is a suitable method for the sizing of nanoparticles.
A Hybrid CFD-DSMC Method of Modeling Continuum-Rarefied Flows (2004)

A hybrid method of simulating high-speed, non-equilibrium flows solves the NavierStokes equations using a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model in regions of the flow where properties are continuous and a statistical Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) model in regions where properties are non-continuous and thermal nonequilibrium exists. The hybrid method is designed to balance computational efficiency and accuracy by utilizing a relatively inexpensive CFD model whenever appropriate and the DSMC model in critical regions of thermal non-equilibrium. The algorithm uses locally computed values of a breakdown parameter to evaluate the continuum assumption and turns on the DSMC component when the parameter exceeds a threshold value. The DSMC algorithm utilizes the methods of Information Preservation (IP) and ghost cells to accurately and efficiently exchange macroscopic flow properties with the CFD algorithm. Comparisons are made between experimental data for argon flow in a shock tube at Mach numbers 1.55, 5.0, and 10.0 using three computational models—pure CFD, pure DSMC, and hybrid CFD-DSMC. At Mach 1.55, close agreement exists between the experimental data and all of the computational models. At Mach 5 and 10, non-equilibrium becomes significant through the shock layer, and the CFD results diverge from the experimental data. Close agreement exists between the experimental data and both the DSMC and the hybrid simulations at all three Mach numbers, demonstrating that the hybrid method accurately models both equilibrium and non-equilibrium flows. Currently, the hybrid model is more, rather than less, expensive than the pure DSMC model—as a result of limits on the maximum allowable time step size imposed by the IP algorithm. A primary objective of future work is to significantly reduce the computational expense of the hybrid method by incorporating a more robust IP formulation.
Activation of Phospholipase A by Plant Defense Elicitors (1996)

Participation of phospholipase A (PLase A) in plant signal transduction has been documented for auxin stimulation of growth but not for elicitation of any plant defense response. In this paper, we report two independent assays for monitoring PLase A induction in plant cells and have used these assays to evaluate whether transduction of defense-related signals might require PLase A activation. Oligogalacturonic acid, a potent elicitor of the soybean (Glycine max) H2O2 burst, was unable to stimulate endogenous PLase A, suggesting that PLase A activation is not an obligate intermediate in the oligogalacturonic acid-induced burst pathway. In contrast, harpin and an extract from the pathogenic fungus Verticillium dahliae both stimulated the oxidative burst and promoted a rapid increase in PLase A activity. To evaluate the possible role of this inducible PLase A activity in transducing the oxidative burst, we tested the effect of chlorpromazine-HCl, a PLase A inhibitor on elicitor-stimulated burst activity. Pretreatment with chloropromazine was found to inhibit the H2O2 burst triggered by V. dahliae extract at the same concentration at which it blocked PLase A activation. In contrast, neither the harpin- nor oligogalacturonic acid-induced burst was altered by addition of chlorpromazine. These data suggest that PLase A stimulation may be important in certain elicitor-induced oxidative bursts (e.g. V. dahliae) and that other elicitors such as oligogalacturonic acid and harpin must operate through independent signaling intermediates to activate the same defense response.
Iridology: A Systematic Review (1999)

The validity of iridology as a diagnostic tool is not supported by scientific evaluations. Patients and therapists should be discouraged from using this method.
The Effects of Substituents Introduced into 9-Aminoacridine on Frameshift Mutagenicity and DNA Binding Affinity (1997)

Some derivatives of 9-aminoacridine (1) were synthesized, and their frameshift mutagenicity and DNA binding affinity were studied. The introduction of a methyl group into the acridine ring of 1 reduced the mutagenic activity and the intercalative DNA binding affinity, while the introduction of chlorine increased them. Halogenated derivatives of 1 showed higher toxicity against Salmonella typhimurium TA1537.