gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of tertiary amine accelerators on curing of epoxide resins (1986)

Abstract The effects of seven tertiary amine accelerators on curing of bisphenol‐type epoxide resins using azelaic acid as a curing agent have been investigated. The structure of the cured resins is characterized and reaction and structure schemes are proposed. The reaction mechanism and the resulting structure of the resin depend on the basicity of the accelerator. With increasing accelerator basicity crosslinking in the cured resin increases. Characterization results indicate that the network structure consists of ether bonds or a mixture of ether and ester bonds; the linear structure consists of only ester bonds. The structure and, therefore, the properties of the cured epoxide resin may thus be regulated by selection of the amine basicity.
Interface-Parasite Gateways (1995)

Apart from challenging new possibilities in resource discovery and retrieval, WWW gives the opportunity to provide legacy applications with a new look and feel and to add functionality without having to change the software itself. We describe problems and possible solutions in the area of connecting legacy software based on terminal sessions to WWW, especially focusing on the problems that arise from adapting stateful interactive services to the stateless HTTP. As a case study we present a WWW gateway to a stateful legacy application (Austrian national academic OPAC) by encapsulating it within a CGI conformant gateway.
Zero-Dimensional Spin Accumulation and Spin Dynamics in a Mesoscopic Metal Island (2003)

We have measured electron spin accumulation at 4.2 K and at room temperature in an aluminum island with all dimensions (400 nm x 400 nm x 30 nm) smaller than the spin relaxation length. For the first time, we obtain uniform spin accumulation in a four-terminal lateral device with a magnitude exceeding the Ohmic resistance in the island. By controlling the magnetization directions of the four magnetic electrodes that contact the island, we have performed a detailed study of the spin accumulation. Spin precession measurements confirm the uniformity of our system and provide an accurate method to extract the spin relaxation time.
Expression and inducibility of the human bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UGT1A1 in liver and cultured primary hepatocytes: Evidence for both genetic and environmental influences (1999)

In Crigler-Najjar type II patients and, recently, in Crigler-Najjar type I patients treated with human hepatocyte cell therapy, phenobarbital has been used for reducing the serum bilirubin load. Its effect is attributed to induction of the enzyme required for hepatic bilirubin elimination, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, UGT1A1. This study investigated the expression and inducibility of UGT1A1 in human donor livers and their corresponding primary hepatocyte cultures. Immunoblot analysis using a specific antibody directed against the amino terminal of the human UGT1A1 isoform showed that 5 hepatocyte donors exhibited a >50-fold difference in UGT1A1 level. UGT1A1 protein level correlated strongly with both liver microsomal bilirubin UGT activity and liver UGT1A1 mRNA level (r(2) =.82 and.72, respectively). Of the 4 patients with the lowest UGT1A1 levels, 3 were homozygotes for the UGT1A1 promoter variant sequence associated with Gilbert's syndrome, and the fourth was a heterozygote. The 3 donors with the highest levels had a history of phenytoin exposure. Hepatocytes isolated from the phenytoin-exposed donors exhibited marked declines in UGT1A1 mRNA levels during culturing. Induction studies using hepatocytes treated for 48 hours with phenobarbital (2 mmol/L), oltipraz (50 micromol/L), or 3-methylcholanthrene (2.5 micromol/L) revealed UGT1A1-inducing effects of phenobarbital, oltipraz, and, in particular, 3-methylcholanthrene. Our data suggest that both genetic and environmental factors play an important role in the marked interindividual variability in UGT1A1 expression. An understanding of these mechanisms could lead to advances in the pharmacological therapy of life-threatening unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia.
Multilevel Coding with Spatially-Coupled Codes for beyond 400Gbps Optical Transmission (2018)

We propose a multilevel coding technique inheriting the performance of spatially-coupled codes. Net coding gains of 12.5, 13.2 and 13.7dB are expected for 16, 64 and 256QAM with low implementation complexity.
Determination of small quantities of nicotinic acid in presence of nicotinamide by modified Konig reaction (2005)

A modified sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of nicotinic acid and nicotinamiue in sub-microgram levels is described. During their reaction with cynogen bromide, the pyridine rings are split by theKonig reaction and the reaction products are coupled with diazotised, p-aminoacetophenone, p-aminobenzoic acid, sulphanilic acid and H-acid to form coloured azo dyes. The colour system obeys Beers law over the concentration range of 0.008-0.08 ppm, 0.02-0.16 ppm, 0.04-0.36 ppm and 0.05-0.4 ppm for nicotinic acid respectively. Similarly, the colour system obeys Beers law over the concentration range of 0.02- 0.2 ppm, 0.04-0.4 ppm, 0.05-0.56 ppm and 0.07-0.6 ppm for nicotinamide using PAAP, PABA, sulphanilic acid and H-acid respectively. p-Aminoacetophenone gives the best result for the determination of nicotinic acid/nicotinamide. The sensitivity of the method after this modification is found to be about eight times more than that of the conventional Konig reaction. The method is free from interference of common diverse ion and has been satisfactorily applied to the determination of nicotinic acid in presence of nicotinamide in food, blood, urine and pharmaceuticals.
Chaperonin Protocols (2000)

In Chaperonin Protocols, Christine Schneider has assembled a unique collection of readily reproducible protocols for the study of chaperonins, intracellular proteins critical to many biological processes. Written by experienced investigators who have successfully honed their methods to a fineness, the protocols focus on the purification of chaperonins from different species along with their corresponding cofactors, and on chaperonin activity assays for in vivo as well as in vitro work. Many activity assays are given for GroEL, which can also be applied to mitochrondrial Hsp60. There are also assays for the eukaryotic chaperonin TRiC and handy methods-for example, one for preparing labeled probes-that can be used for various purposes and prove helpful in numerous different procedures. Critically important to a greater understanding of such disorders as cystic fibrosis, Alzheimer's disease, and BSE, Chaperonin Protocols offers both novice and experienced investigators fast access to today's best and most productive chaperonin methods, all explained in step-by-step detail to ensure robust and reproducible results
Using fusions with luxAB from Vibrio harveyi MAV to quantify induction and catabolite repression of the xyl operon in Staphylococcus carnosus TM300 (1993)

The luxA, B genes from the Gram-negative marine bacterium Vibrio harveyi MAV were used in Staphylococcus carnosus TM300 as a reporter system for regulated expression of xylose utilization. The luciferase genes were fused to the xyl operon from Staphylococcus xylosus C2a. Expression of bioluminescence was induced through addition of xylose and repressed in the presence of glucose. A method to quantitate bioluminescence directly from the culture is described.
FR901469, a Novel Antifungal Antibiotic from an Unidentified Fungus No. 11243. III. Structure Determination. (2001)

A novel antifungal antibiotic, FR901469, was isolated from an unidentified fungus No. 11243. It is a water-soluble 40-membered macrocyclic lipopeptidolactone, consisting of D-Ala, L-Tyr, L-Val, trans-4OH-L-Pro, trans-3OH-L-Pro, threo-3OH-L-Gln, Gly, L-Orn, L-Thr, three residues of D-alloThr and a (3R)-hydroxypalmitic acid. Its structure, including absolute configurations, was unequivocally determined as 1 based on chemical and spectroscopic evidence.
miR-146a Enhances the Oncogenicity of Oral Carcinoma by Concomitant Targeting of the IRAK1, TRAF6 and NUMB Genes (2013)

MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and are crucial to tumorigenesis. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent malignancy worldwide. Up-regulation of miR-146 has been identified in OSCC tissues. However, the roles of miR-146 in carcinogenesis are controversial as it is suppressive in many other malignancies. The present study investigated the pathogenic implications of miR-146a in oral carcinogenesis. Microdissected OSCC exhibits higher levels of miR-146a expression than matched adjacent mucosal cells. The plasma miR-146a levels of patients are significantly higher than those of control subjects; these levels decrease drastically after tumor resection. miR-146a levels in tumors and in patients' plasma can be used to classify OSCC and non-disease status (sensitivity: >0.72). Exogenous miR-146a expression is significantly increased in vitro oncogenic phenotypes as well as during xenograft tumorigenesis and OSCC metastasis. The plasma miR-146a levels of these mice parallel the xenograft tumor burdens of the mice. A miR-146a blocker abrogates the growth of xenograft tumors. miR-146a oncogenic activity is associated with down-regulation of IRAK1, TRAF6 and NUMB expression. Furthermore, miR-146a directly targets the 3'UTR of NUMB and a region within the NUMB coding sequence when suppressing NUMB expression. Exogenous NUMB expression attenuates OSCC oncogenicity. Double knockdown of IRAK1 and TRAF6, and of TRAF6 and NUMB, enhance the oncogenic phenotypes of OSCC cells. Oncogenic enhancement modulated by miR-146a expression is attenuated by exogenous IRAK1 or NUMB expression. This study shows that miR-146a expression contributes to oral carcinogenesis by targeting the IRAK1, TRAF6 and NUMB genes.
Handling OS jitter on multicore multithreaded systems (2009)

Various studies have shown that OS jitter can degrade parallel program performance considerably at large processor counts. Most sources of system jitter fall broadly into 5 categories - user space processes, kernel threads, interrupts, SMT interference and hypervisor activity. Solutions to OS jitter typically consist of a combination of techniques such as synchronization of jitter across nodes (co-scheduling or gang scheduling) and use of microkernels. Both techniques present several drawbacks. Multicore and Multithreaded systems present opportunities to handle OS jitter. They have multiple cores and threads, some of which can be used for handling OS jitter, while the application threads run on remaining cores and threads. However, they are also prone to risks such as inter-thread cache interference and process migration. In this paper, we present a holistic approach that aims to reduce jitter caused by various sources of jitter by utilizing the additional threads or cores in a system. Our approach handles jitter through reduction of kernel threads, intelligent interrupt handling, and switching of hardware SMT thread priorities. This helps in reducing jitter experienced by application threads in the user space, at the kernel level, and at the hardware level. We make use of existing features available in the Linux kernel and Power Architecture as well make enhancements to the Linux kernel. We demonstrate the efficacy of our techniques by reducing jitter on two different platforms and operating system versions. In the first case our approach helps in reducing periodic jitter that improves both average and worst case performance of a simulated parallel application. In the second case our approach helps in reducing infrequent very large jitter that helps the worst case performance of a real parallel application. Our experimental results show up to 30% reduction in slowdown in the average case at 16K OS images and up to 50% reduction in slowdown in the worst case at 8 OS images using this approach as compared to a baseline configuration.
Characterization of correlated line edge roughness of nanoscale line gratings using small angle x-ray scattering (2007)

To meet the challenges in dimensional metrology as the minimum feature size in semiconductor devices approaches sub-35 nm length scales, we have been developing a nondestructive method using x rays termed critical dimension small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS). Its capacity to quantify the dimension of linewidth, pitch, line height, and sidewall angle of line gratings has been demonstrated. In this work, we have further extended its capabilities to quantify the correlated line-edge roughness (LER) and linewidth roughness (LWR). Model line grating patterns with controlled LER and LWR were prepared and measured using x ray, their results were analyzed with model calculations. The magnitude of LER/LWR deduced from x-ray results compares favorably with the scanning electron microscopy results obtained from the same samples. An apparent Debye–Waller factor, which can be deduced from the SAXS data without any detailed model-based calculations, is found to be a convenient parameter to quantify the amplitude of LER/LWR.
One-tube nested Polymerase Chain Reaction for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis (2002)

Here we present a one-tube nested PCR test, which allows the detection of minimal quantities of Chlamydia trachomatis in human fluids. This assay includes the use of an internal control to avoid false negative results due to the presence of inhibitors. The results obtained show that this assay is robust enough to be used for clinical diagnosis.
The Twists and Turns in BRCA's Path (2003)

Nine years after the much-anticipated discovery of two breast cancer genes, genomic medicine for the disease remains elusive, but surprising insights abound.
Resonant domain wall depinning induced by oscillating spin-polarized currents in thin ferromagnetic strips (2008)

The interaction between ac spin-polarized electrical currents and a domain wall initially trapped on a notch in a thin Permalloy nanostrip is investigated by micromagnetic modeling as well as a one-dimensional model that considers the wall as a rigid object. A systematic study of the depinning transition from the notch is carried out in the frequency domain for several static magnetic fields and ac's, both at zero and at room temperature. Due to the resonant amplification of the domain wall oscillations, both the depinning current and the static magnetic field can be significantly reduced with respect to the dc case, and even at room temperature the probability of the domain wall depinning abruptly changes in a narrow frequency range. These observations suggest a low-operation and highly selective mode for further spintronic devices based on domain walls. On the other hand, our analysis is also used to estimate the effective value of the nonadiabatic parameter by direct comparison with recent experiments.
Mechanism of Proton Insertion and Characterization of the Proton Sites in Lithium Manganate Spinels (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of Proton Insertion and Characterization of the Proton Sites in Lithium Manganate SpinelsBrett Ammundsen, Deborah J. Jones, Jacques Roziere, and Gary R. BurnsCite this: Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 11, 2151–2160Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00059a024https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00059a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views780Altmetric-Citations84LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Defeating Vanish with Low-Cost Sybil Attacks Against Large DHTs (2010)

Researchers at the University of Washington recently proposed Vanish [20], a system for creating messages that automatically “self-destruct” after a period of time. Vanish works by encrypting each message with a random key and storing shares of the key in a large, public distributed hash table (DHT). DHTs expunge data older than a certain age; after this happens to the key shares, the key is permanently lost, and the encrypted data is permanently unreadable. Vanish is an interesting approach to an important privacy problem, but, in its current form, it is insecure. In this paper, we defeat the deployed Vanish implementation, explain how the original paper’s security analysis is flawed, and draw lessons for future system designs. We present two Sybil attacks against the current Vanish implementation, which stores its encryption keys in the million-node Vuze BitTorrent DHT. These attacks work by continuously crawling the DHT and saving each stored value before it ages out. They can efficiently recover keys for more than 99% of Vanish messages. We show that the dominant cost of these attacks is network data transfer, not memory usage as the Vanish authors expected, and that the total cost is two orders of magnitude less than they estimated. While we consider potential defenses, we conclude that public DHTs like Vuze probably cannot provide strong security for Vanish.
Development of Second Generation Monoclonal Antibodies Recognising Lewisy <sup>y/b</sup> Antigen by Anti-Idiotypic Immunisation (1993)

Five new monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) recognising the Lewisy/b hapten of the IgG isotype have been produced following immunisation with rat anti-idiotypic antiserum to C14, an IgM Lewisy/b hapten Mab and boosting with C14gp200 antigen. They have the same fine specificity as the original Mab binding to a cell surface and secreted antigen preferentially expressed by colorectal tumour cells.
Separation of sulfonate and sulfate surfactants by capillary electrophoresis: effect of buffer cation (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSeparation of sulfonate and sulfate surfactants by capillary electrophoresis: effect of buffer cationSuhe. Chen and Donald J. PietrzykCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 20, 2770–2775Publication Date (Print):October 15, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 October 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00068a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00068a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views342Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Glycosaminoglycan Profiling in Patients’ Plasma and Urine Predicts the Occurrence of Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (2016)

Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) progression. Here, we used genome-scale metabolic modeling to elucidate metabolic reprogramming in 481 ccRCC samples and discovered strongly coordinated regulation of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) biosynthesis at the transcript and protein levels. Extracellular GAGs are implicated in metastasis, so we speculated that such regulation might translate into a non-invasive biomarker for metastatic ccRCC (mccRCC). We measured 18 GAG properties in 34 mccRCC samples versus 16 healthy plasma and/or urine samples. The GAG profiles were distinctively altered in mccRCC. We derived three GAG scores that distinguished mccRCC patients with 93.1%-100% accuracy. We validated the score accuracies in an independent cohort (up to 18 mccRCC versus nine healthy) and verified that the scores normalized in eight patients with no evidence of disease. In conclusion, coordinated regulation of GAG biosynthesis occurs in ccRCC, and non-invasive GAG profiling is suitable for mccRCC diagnosis.
USE OF MICROWAVES FOR THE DETECTION OF CORROSION UNDER INSULATION: A SENSITIVITY STUDY (2011)

Corrosion under insulation is a significant cause of pipeline failure in the oil and gas industry. This paper describes the initial developmental stages of a technique which uses the structure of an insulated pipeline as a coaxial waveguide to support the propagation of microwaves. These microwaves are used to inspect the insulation layer for the presence of water, which will indicate the regions of the pipe at risk from corrosion.
Reflexiones respecto al problema de la constitución subjetiva: el psicoanálisis y las (otras) ciencias (2010)

El presente artículo reflexiona respecto a la articulación entre el psicoanálisis y las ciencias, relación marcada históricamente por un desencuentro fundamental. La ciencia establece una crítica al psicoanálisis, dudando de su valor, métodos y aportes debido a que lo considera una teoría alejada de lo empírico y la experimentación. Sin embargo, esto se debe a que suele olvidarse que algunas de las principales teorizaciones del psicoanálisis vienen de la lectura, observación y crítica a estudios científicos. Caso ejemplar de lo anterior es la teoría psicoanalítica de la constitución subjetiva, la cual encuentra correlato en los estudios de los psicólogos experimentales.
Vitamin D and Prevention of Cancer — Ready for Prime Time? (2011)

An Institute of Medicine committee has concluded that vitamin D is important to bone health, but that for other outcomes, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and autoimmune disorders, the evidence is inconsistent and inconclusive as to causality.
Humoral Immune Response After Intravitreal But Not After Subretinal AAV8 in Primates and Patients (2018)

No significant induction of ADA occurred in NHP when mimicking the clinical scenario of subretinal delivery with a clinical-grade rAAV8 and concomitant immunosuppression. Likewise, clinical data showed no humoral immune response in patients. In contrast, intravitreal delivery was associated with a substantial humoral immune response. Subretinal delivery might be superior to an intravitreal application regarding immunologic aspects.