gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF GLENOID AND CEPHALIC CURVATURE RADII IN TOTAL SHOULDER PROSTHESES (2004)

Purpose: The glenoid and humeral head curvature radii are mismatched in non-constrained total shoulder prostheses. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of this mismatch on radiographic lucent lines and clinical outcome. Material and methods: The study population included 319 total shoulder prostheses issuing from a multicentric European cohort. The patients underwent surgery for primary shoulder degeneration. Mean age at surgery was 67 years. Female sex predominated (75%). Partial supraspinatous tears were present in 7% of the shoulders with full-thickness tears also in 7%. A single type of prosthesis was used composed of a humeral pivot with a modular head (seven head sizes) and a cemented polyethylene flat-surface spiked glenoid (three sizes). Variable association of humeral heads and prosthetic glenoids defined the mismatch which varied from 0 to 10 mm (difference in the curvature radii between the head and glenoid). The patients were reviewed clinically and radiologically at a mean follow-up of 53.5 months (24–110 months). Clinical outcome was assessed with the Constant score for pain (15 points), daily activity (20 points), motion (40 points), and force (25 points). The glenoid lucent line was evaluated on the AP view using a 0 to 18 point scale (0=absence, 18=lucent line in 6 zones). Analysis of variance and linear regression were used to assess the effect of mismatch on the glenoid lucent line and clinical outcome. Results: There was a statistically significant linear relationship between mismatch and glenoid lucent lines. The lucent line score was significantly lower when the mismatch was between 6 and 10mm. Mismatch had no influence on the overall Constant score or the individual scores (pain, motion, force, daily activities) nor on early or late postoperative complications. Discussion: Based on the results of this study, the first in vivo assessment, the “ideal” gleno-humeral mismatch for total shoulder prostheses would be between 6 and 10 mm, i.e. much greater than is classically recommended (0–5 mm).
Total Synthesis of the Potent Antitumor Macrolides Pladienolide B and D (2007)

The authors of this Communication wish to cite additional papers relevant to their work. Burkart and co-workers reported the synthesis of the undecenolide core of mycolactone by ring-closing metathesis. This synthesis of a highly functionalized 12-membered macrolide core is related to that reported by the authors. A. L. Mandel presented the synthesis of side-chain stereoisomers of pladienolide B. This synthesis is closely related to the synthetic route of the authors. The authors apologize for the unintentional oversight in not citing these two reports and wish to add these as references 5b and 7g. To establish the independence of their work to the above-mentioned reports, the authors would like to cite their patent as reference 35, to be added to the first sentence in concluding paragraph: “In conclusion, we have achieved the first total synthesis of pladienolides B (2) and D (3),35 […︁]”
Particle Templated Graphene-Based Composites with Tailored Electro-mechanical Properties (2014)

A capillary-driven particle level templating technique was utilized to disperse graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs) within a polystyrene matrix to form composites that possess tailored electro-mechanical properties. Utilizing capillary interactions, highly segregated composites were formed via a melt processing procedure. Since the graphene particles only resided at the boundary between the polymer matrix particles, the composites possess tremendous electrical conductivity but poor mechanical strength. To improve the mechanical properties of the composite, the graphene networks in the specimen were deformed by shear. An experimental investigation was conducted to understand the effect of graphene content as well as shearing on the mechanical strength and electrical conductivity of the composites. The experimental results show that both the mechanical and electrical properties of the composites can be altered using this very simple technique and therefore easily be tailored for desired applications.
A polarization-stable Er-doped superfluorescent fiber source including a Faraday rotator mirror (2000)

We report a tenfold stability improvement in the mean wavelength variations induced by polarization fluctuations in an Er-doped superfluorescent fiber source. This was accomplished by replacing the mirror in a double-pass source with a Faraday rotator mirror, thereby nearly eliminating polarization dependent gain. The resulting mean wavelength variations of less than 3.5 parts-per-million (limited by the detection noise floor), approach the requirement for inertial-grade fiber optic gyroscopes.
Organization and partial sequence of a DNA region of the<i>Rhizobium leguminosarum</i>symbiotic plasmid pRL6JI containing the genes<i>fix</i>ABC,<i>nif</i>A,<i>nif</i>B and a novel open reading frame (1987)

By hybridization and heteroduplex studies the fixABC and nifA genes of the Rhizobium leguminosarum symbiotic plasmid pRL6JI have been identified. DNA sequencing of the region containing nifA showed an open reading frame of 1557 bp encoding a protein of 56, 178 D. Based on sequence homology, this ORF was confirmed to correspond to the nifA gene. Comparison of three nifA proteins (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Rhizobium meliloti, Rhizobium leguminosarum) revealed only a weak relationship in their N-terminal regions, whereas the C-terminal parts exhibited strong homology. Sequence analysis also showed that the R. leguminosarum nifA gene is followed by nifB and preceded by fixC with an open reading frame inserted in between. This novel ORF of 294 bp was found to be highly conserved also in R. meliloti. No known promoter and termination signals could be defined on the sequenced R. leguminosarum fragment.
A Novel Thermal Management System for Electric Vehicle Batteries Using Phase-Change Material (2000)

A novel thermal‐management system that incorporates phase‐change material (PCM) is proposed and investigated for electric vehicle (EV) applications. A commercial finite‐element (FE) software, PDEase2D™, was used to simulate the thermal behavior of EV battery modules with a PCM thermal management system. Simulation results show that the temperature profile of the cells integrated in the module design was substantially more uniform during discharge at different rates than without PCM. The PCM system is effective in thermally sensitive batteries such as Li‐ion and most Li‐polymer batteries with a significant reversible heat effect. The heat generated during discharge and stored as latent heat is then largely utilized during charge, and a smaller part of it is transferred to the surroundings. The stored heat will be rejected to the module when the battery is left to relax or when its temperature drops below the melting point of the PCM. This is an important advantage for EV operation under cold conditions or in space applications where the battery temperature drops significantly when an orbiting satellite moves from the light to the dark side of the earth. © 2000 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Core Crush Mechanisms and Solutions in the Manufacturing of Sandwich Structures (2006)

Core crush is a manufacturing defect occurred during the autoclave curing process of composite honeycomb sandwich structures. It usually leads to costly part rejections since the defect is non-repairable. In addition, this problem has posted constraints on aircraft engineers by limiting the ranges of core density and core thickness that could be used when designing these types of structures. In commercial production, several techniques (e.g., ply tie-down, pre-cured adhesive over the core) have been applied to restrain the core from collapsing inward; however, these approaches require additional labor, time and material cost and thus may not be the best solutions. This paper discusses the recent understandings in core crush mechanisms and the subsequent developments in core crush resistant prepreg based on that foundation. It shows that the prepreg frictional resistance is the key factor in controlling core crush. While past research in the scientific community has mainly focused on resin effects in core crush, studies conducted in Hexcel show that the core crush can also be significantly reduced by controlling construction of the fiber tow shape and fabric architecture. Rounder fiber tow or more open fabric produces rougher prepreg surface and thus yields higher prepreg frictional resistance to reduce core crush. Experimental results show that, without changing the resin, the developed core crush resistant prepreg increases the prepreg frictional resistance and effectively reduces the core crush.
Fast anatomical imaging of the heart and assessment of myocardial perfusion with arrhythmia insensitive magnetization preparation (1995)

A new contrast preparation based on modified driven equilibrium Fourier transfer is introduced and evaluated for generation of T1-weighted images for assessment of the myocardial perfusion with contrast agent first-pass kinetics. The new preparation scheme produces T1 contrast with insensitivity to arrhythmias in prospectively triggered sequential imaging thereby eliminating one of the major sources of problems in potential patient studies with previously employed contrast preparations schemes.
Rectangular Array Of Digital Processors For Planning Paths (1993)

Prototype 24 x 25 rectangular array of asynchronous parallel digital processors rapidly finds best path across two-dimensional field, which could be patch of terrain traversed by robotic or military vehicle. Implemented as single-chip very-large-scale integrated circuit. Excepting processors on edges, each processor communicates with four nearest neighbors along paths representing travel to north, south, east, and west. Each processor contains delay generator in form of 8-bit ripple counter, preset to 1 of 256 possible values. Operation begins with choice of processor representing starting point. Transmits signals to nearest neighbor processors, which retransmits to other neighboring processors, and process repeats until signals propagated across entire field.
Flexoelectric-effect-based light waveguide liquid crystal display for transparent display (2021)

We report a light waveguide liquid crystal display (LCD) based on the flexoelectric effect. The display consists of two parallel flat substrates with a layer of flexoelectric liquid crystal sandwiched between them. A light-emitting diode (LED) is installed on the edge of the display and the produced light is coupled into the display. When no voltage is applied, the liquid crystal is uniformly aligned and is transparent. The incident light propagates through the display by total internal reflection at the interface between the substrate and air, and no light comes out of the viewing side of the display. The display appears transparent. When a voltage is applied, the liquid crystal is switched to a micrometer-sized polydomain state due to flexoelectric interaction and becomes scattering. The incident light is deflected from the waveguide mode and comes out of the viewing side of the display. We achieved thin-film-transistor active matrix compatible driving voltage by doping liquid crystal dimers with large flexoelectric coefficients. The light waveguide LCD does not use polarizers as in conventional LCDs. It has an ultrahigh transmittance near 90% in the voltage-off state. It is very suitable for transparent display, which can be used for head-up display and augmented reality display.
Nitrogen Monoxide Gas Sensor Based on Solid Electrolytes with a Water-Insoluble Oxide Based Auxiliary Electrode (2002)

A type of nitrogen monoxide (NO) gas sensor was fabricated by the conjunction of trivalent aluminum cation and divalent oxide anion conducting solid electrolytes with water-insoluble oxide based auxiliary electrode. The sensor response was rapid and a reproducible output was observed continuously both in a dry and a wet atmosphere. The sensor output obeys the Nernst relationship, indicating that a quantitative NO detection can be successfully realized. © 2002 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Local dynamics of heart rate: detection and prognostic implications (2014)

The original observation that reduced heart rate variability (HRV) confers poor prognosis after myocardial infarction has been followed by many studies of heart rate dynamics. We tested the hypothesis that an entropy-based local dynamics measure gave prognostic information in ambulatory patients undergoing 24-h electrocardiography. In this context, entropy is the probability that short templates will find matches in the time series. We studied RR interval time series from 24-h Holter monitors of 1564 consecutive patients over age 39. We generated histograms of the count of templates as a function of the number of templates matches in short RR interval time series, and found characteristic appearance of histograms for atrial fibrillation, sinus rhythm with normal HRV, and sinus rhythm with reduced HRV and premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). We developed statistical models to detect the abnormal dynamic phenotype of reduced HRV with PVCs and fashioned a local dynamics score (LDs) that, after controlling for age, added more prognostic information than other standard risk factors and common HRV metrics, including, to our surprise, the PVC count and the HRV of normal-to-normal intervals. Addition of the LDs to a predictive model using standard risk factors significantly increased the ROC area and the net reclassification improvement was 27%. We conclude that abnormal local dynamics of heart rate confer adverse prognosis in patients undergoing 24-h ambulatory electrocardiography.
Ensemble Of adaptive correlation filters for robust visual tracking (2016)

Correlation filters have recently been popular due to their success in short-term single-object tracking as well as their computational efficiency. Nevertheless, the appearance model of a single correlation filter based tracking algorithm quickly forgets the past poses of the target object due to the updates over time. To overcome this undesired forgetting, our approach is to run trackers with separate models simultaneously. Hence, we propose a novel tracker relying on an ensemble of correlation filters, where the ensemble is obtained via a decision tree partitioning in the object appearance space. Our technique efficiently searches among the ensemble trackers and activates the ones which are most specialized on the current object appearance. Our tracking method is capable of switching frequently in the ensemble. Thus, an inherently adaptive and non-linear learning rate is achieved. Moreover, we demonstrate the superior performance of our method in benchmark video sequences.
Enhanced time domain packet loss concealment in switched speech/audio codec (2015)

This paper describes new time domain techniques for concealing packet loss in the new 3GPP Enhanced Voice Services codec. Enhancements to the existing ACELP concealment methods include guided, improved pitch prediction, increased flexibility and accuracy of pulse resynchronization. Furthermore, the new method of separate linear predictive (LP) filter synthesis aims for sound quality improvement in case of multiple packet loss, especially for noisy signals. Another enhancement consists of a guided LP concealment approach to limit the risk of creating artifacts during recovery. These enhancements are also used in the presented advanced TCX concealment method. Subjective listening tests show that quality is significantly increased with these methods.
Multimode interference couplers with tunable power splitting ratios (2001)

New, compact multimode interference couplers with tunable power splitting ratios have been realized. Experiments show large tuning ranges. Such couplers are needed to optimize ON-OFF ratios in interferometric devices and may find applications as extremely compact switches.
Optimal multiple description transform coding of Gaussian vectors (2002)

Multiple description coding (MDC) is source coding for multiple channels such that a decoder which receives an arbitrary subset of the channels may produce a useful reconstruction. Orchard et al. (1997) proposed a transform coding method for MDC of pairs of independent Gaussian random variables. This paper provides a general framework which extends multiple description transform coding (MDTC) to any number of variables and expands the set of transforms which are considered. Analysis of the general case is provided, which can be used to numerically design optimal MDTC systems. The case of two variables sent over two channels is analytically optimized in the most general setting where channel failures need not have equal probability or be independent. It is shown that when channel failures are equally probable and independent, the transforms used in Orchard et al. are in the optimal set, but many other choices are possible. A cascade structure is presented which facilitates low-complexity design, coding, and decoding for a system with a large number of variables.
Low bending loss and effectively single-mode all-solid photonic bandgap fiber with an effective area of 650  μm^2 (2012)

A large-mode-area all-solid photonic bandgap fiber with a seven-cell core and five high-index rod rings is investigated. Numerical simulations show that an effective area of more than 500 μm(2), a bending loss of less than 0.1 dB/m at a bending radius of 10 cm and effectively single-mode operation can be achieved simultaneously. A core diameter of 44.8 μm and an effective area of 650 μm(2) at 1064 nm are achieved in a fabricated fiber. Bending loss at 1064 nm is 0.09 dB/m at a bending radius of 7 cm. Effectively single-mode operation is also realized at a bending radius of 10 cm.
ARCHITECTURE OF A UNIVERSAL DATABASE: A FRAME MODEL APPROACH (1999)

RDB has been dominant in the industry for the last decade. OODB is recongnized as a post-relational technology that can improve productivity, Hierarchical Database and Network Database were popular in the 1970s, and have been developed into legacy database systems. The DBMS of various data models have proliferated into many companies, and become their important assets. There is a need to integrate these database system into a data warehouse in the company. We investigate a solution to the problem by offering an architecture of a universal database for the connectivity of various DBMSs using different data models. A frame model is chosen to represent the conceptual and logical schema of the universal database, which structures an application domain into classes organized via generalization, aggregaton and user-defined relationships, and its data in relational tables. The schemas of the existing database systems are translated into frame model conceptual shcemas which are integrated into a global frame model in a knowledge representation that includes classes for object structure descriptions and constraints for supporting user-defined relationships. The universal database is implemented by a relational DBMS as a kernel. In addition to relational tables, the universal database consists of program area to emulate database navigation in nonrelatoinal DBMS, method classes to implement program calls to emulate methods of OODBMS, and contraint classes to preserve semantic and resolve naming conflicts in schema translation and integration. To ensure each database program access the universal database, a database gateway for each source DBMS is developed to translate their DML into SQL, which is chosen to be its kernel database language, for its user-friendliness, standardization and popularity in the industry.
Recent Progress and Application of Bainite Steels for High Strength Linepipe up to X120 (2010)

For the constant transmission of gas through a pipeline, steel weight decreases linearly with an increase in the strength of the linepipe irrespective of pipe size and internal pressure. Thus, high-strength large-diameter linepipe up to X120 has been developed and is now being applied to reduce pipe costs, transportation costs and construction costs. To meet the excellent weldability and low production costs required for the linepipe application of bainite produced through using Thermo-Mechanical Control Processing (TMCP) from low carbon chemistry is essential. Dual phase steel made by means of the introduction of ferrite in the bainite matrix mitigates the inferior properties of bainite. Herein, the production parameters affecting the microstructure and the properties are overviewed.
Endoscope lens with dual field of view and resolution for multiphoton imaging (2010)

We demonstrated the optical “zooming” capability of an endoscope lens for multiphoton imaging by using a novel multifocal objective lens design. Multiphoton images with dual field of view and resolution were recorded.
<i>Z</i>‐Selective Cross Metathesis with Ruthenium Catalysts: Synthetic Applications and Mechanistic Implications (2015)

Olefin cross metathesis is a particularly powerful transformation that has been exploited extensively for the formation of complex products. Until recently, however, constructing Z-olefins using this methodology was not possible. With the discovery and development of three families of ruthenium-based Z-selective catalysts, the formation of Z-olefins using metathesis is now not only possible but becoming increasingly prevalent in the literature. In particular, ruthenium complexes containing cyclometalated NHC architectures developed in our group have been shown to catalyze various cross metathesis reactions with high activity and, in most cases, near perfect selectivity for the Z-isomer. The types of cross metathesis reactions investigated thus far are presented here and explored in depth.
Distributed Evaluation of Spatio-temporal Rules in a Ubiquitous Computing Environment (2007)

The STEDE spatio-temporal event detection infrastructure offers a high-level rule-based programming framework that enables application developers to more easily develop sense-and-respond applications for sensor networks. Given the significant processing power available on many edge-of-the- network devices (e.g. telematics devices, smartphones), it is desirable to enable certain rules to be evaluated on nodes where the rule input is collected and to where the response must be delivered. In this paper we describe how we extended STEDE to enable on-device rule-evaluation. We present the high-level architectures developed and discuss our approach to automatic rule distribution, device CPU conservation, and device memory conservation. We also describe a sample application that can use these capabilities to achieve dramatic reduction in network traffic.
Deciphering Protein Molecular Signatures in Cancer Tissues to Aid in Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapy (2005)

Protein signatures in disease, a portion of the protein complement of cells that directly reflects disease related changes, provide a unique data set that may be correlated with or be an aid to more effective diagnosis, prognosis, and response to therapy. A recent article in this Journal from the author's laboratory described the protein analysis of glioma tissue and the discovery of protein signatures for assessing the stage of disease as well as their correlation with patient survival. This investigation used direct proteomic analysis of glioma biopsies, the discovery of molecular signatures for stage and outcome, and identification of specific proteins of this signature group. This minireview discusses the background and present state of the technology used in this work and the role that direct tissue analysis can play in the discovery of high-quality protein signatures.