gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of β‐adrenergic/cAMP signaling and morphological changes in cultured astrocytes (2014)

The morphology of astrocytes, likely regulated by cAMP, determines the structural association between astrocytes and the synapse, consequently modulating synaptic function. β-Adrenergic receptors (β-AR), which increase cytosolic cAMP concentration ([cAMP]i ), may affect cell morphology. However, the real-time dynamics of β-AR-mediated cAMP signaling in single live astrocytes and its effect on cell morphology have not been studied. We used the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based cAMP biosensor Epac1-camps to study time-dependent changes in [cAMP]i ; morphological changes in primary rat astrocytes were monitored by real-time confocal microscopy. Stimulation of β-AR by adrenaline, noradrenaline, and isoprenaline, a specific agonist of β-AR, rapidly increased [cAMP]i (∼15 s). The FRET signal response, mediated via β-AR, was faster than in the presence of forskolin (twofold) and dibutyryl-cAMP (>35-fold), which directly activate adenylyl cyclase and Epac1-camps, respectively, likely due to slow entry of these agents into the cytosol. Oscillations in [cAMP]i have not been recorded, indicating that cAMP-dependent processes operate in a slow time domain. Most Epac1-camps expressing astrocytes revealed a morphological change upon β-AR activation and attained a stellate morphology within 1 h. The morphological changes exhibited a bell-shaped dependency on [cAMP]i . The 5-10% decrease in cell cross-sectional area and the 30-50% increase in cell perimeter are likely due to withdrawal of the cytoplasm to the perinuclear region and the appearance of protrusions on the surface of astrocytes. Because astrocyte processes ensheath neurons, β-AR/cAMP-mediated morphological changes can modify the geometry of the extracellular space, affecting synaptic, neuronal, and astrocyte functions in health and disease.
Biomarkers of delayed graft function as a form of acute kidney injury in kidney transplantation (2015)

Renal transplantation ensures distinct advantages for patients with end-stage kidney disease. However, in some cases early complications can lead to allograft dysfunction and consequently graft loss. One of the most common early complications after kidney transplantation is delayed graft function (DGF). Unfortunately there is no effective treatment for DGF, however early diagnosis of DGF and therapeutic intervention (eg modification of immunosuppression) may improve outcome. Therefore, markers of acute kidney injury are required. Creatinine is a poor biomarker for kidney injury due principally to its inability to help diagnose early acute renal failure and complete inability to help differentiate among its various causes. Different urinary and serum proteins have been intensively investigated as possible biomarkers in this setting. There are promising candidate biomarkers with the ability to detect DGF. We focused on emerging biomarkers of DGF with NGAL is being the most studied followed by KIM-1, L-FABP, IL-18, and others. However, large randomized studies are needed to establish the value of new, promising biomarkers, in DGF diagnosis, prognosis and its cost-effectiveness.
Graph-based ontology-guided data mining for D-matrix model maturation (2011)

In model-based diagnostic algorithms, it is assumed that the model is correct. If the model is incorrect, the diagnostic algorithm may diagnose the wrong fault, which can be costly and time consuming. Using past maintenance events, one should be able to make corrections to the model in order for diagnostic algorithm to correctly diagnosis faults. In this paper, a maturation approach is proposed which uses the graph-theoretic representations of Timed Failure Propagation Graph (TFPG) models and diagnostic sessions based on recently standardized diagnostic ontologies to determine statistical discrepancies between that which is expected by the models and that which has been encountered in practice. These discrepancies are then analyzed to generate recommendations for maturing the diagnostic models. Maturation recommendations include identifying new dependencies and erroneous or tenuous dependencies.
Thrombospondin and Osteopontin Bind to Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF)-Binding Protein-5 Leading to an Alteration in IGF-I-Stimulated Cell Growth* (2000)

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5) has been shown to bind to extracellular matrix (ECM) with relatively high affinity, but the ECM components that mediate this interaction have not been identified. These studies show that radiolabeled IGFBP-5 specifically coprecipitates with two ECM proteins, thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and osteopontin (OPN). As TSP-1 binds avidly to heparin, as does IGFBP-5, the effect of glycosaminoglycans on the TSP-1/IGFBP-5 interaction was analyzed. Heparan and dermatan sulfate inhibited binding, whereas heparin increased binding. Chondroitin sulfate A and B had no effect. In contrast, both heparin and heparan sulfate significantly inhibited the OPN-IGFBP-5 interaction and chondroitin sulfate A, B, and C had no effect. To determine the region of IGFBP-5 that was involved in each interaction, synthetic peptides that spanned several regions of IGFBP-5 were tested for their capacity to competitively inhibit coprecipitation. A peptide that contained the amino acids between positions 201 and 218 resulted in 76% and 86% inhibition of binding to TSP-1 and OPN, respectively. Three other synthetic peptides that spanned regions ofIGFBP-5 with several charged residues had no effect. IGFBP-5 mutants that contained substitutions for basic residues in the 201-218 region were tested for their ability to bind to TSP-1 or OPN. A mutant with substitutions for amino acids at positions R201 and K202 and a mutant with substitutions for K211, R214, K217, and R218 had the greatest reduction in binding to TSP-1. Mutants containing substitutions for R214 alone and the combined K217A, R218A mutant had the greatest reductions in OPN binding. When the smooth muscle cell growth response to these components was assessed, IGF-I plus IGFBP-5 or the combination of TSP-1 or OPN with IGF-I potentiated the IGF-I effect. The addition of IGFBP-5 to these combinations resulted in further significant growth stimulation. Both OPN and TSP-1 specifically bind to IGFBP-5 with high affinity. These interactions may be important for concentrating intact IGFBP-5 in extracellular matrix and for modulating the cooperative interaction between the IGF-I receptor and integrin receptor signaling pathways.
Production of virus-free orchid Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw. by various tissue culture techniques (2016)

Orchids are affected by many viruses resulting in poor growth, yield and quality, and an overall decline in population. Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV) is one of the common orchid viruses found in <i>Cymbidium</i> species but it infects different orchid genera. In this study <i>Cymbidium aloifolium</i> was propagated <i>in vitro</i> using MS medium at different strength (1.0, ½, and ¼) with or without 0.5 mg/l BAP (6-benzylaminopurine) and 0.5 mg/l NAA (Naphthalene acetic acid). To provide disease-free planting material, source plant for <i>in vitro</i> propagation needs to be screened for pathogenic viruses. In the present study, <i>in vivo</i>-grown source (mother) plants and tissue culture-derived plants of <i>C. aloifolium</i> were tested for CymMV virus using Double antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). All the tissue cultured plants were found to be 100% virus-free whereas the <i>in vivo</i> grown source plants were highly affected by CymMV virus (83.33%). The virus-free <i>in vitro</i> plantlets were multiplied in large scale and then acclimatized on earthen pot containing a mixture of cocopeat, litter and clay in the ratio of 3:2:1. Eighty five percent of acclimatized plantlets survived making this method an efficient mass production system for high quality virus-free <i>C. aloifolium</i> for commercial floriculture and germplasm preservation.
Perceptual Speech Hashing Authentication Algorithm Based on Linear Prediction Analysis (2014)

According to the situation that traditional speech authentication algorithms are not appropriated for the present speech communication, we proposed a speech authentication algorithm of perceptual hashing which is based on linear forecast analysis (LPC), it can satisfy the requirement of the efficiency and the robustness for the speech authentication. Firstly, the LPC coefficients are optimized, based on the principle of LPC for speech signal, a new prediction coefficients is constituted through combing the energy and the LPC coefficients of a frame; then dividing the prediction coefficient matrix into smaller blocks, and do singular value decomposition (SVD) to the coefficients of each block. Finally, quantifying the formed singular value and getting perceptual hashing sequences. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm has good robustness for content preserving operations, and it doesn’t reduce the efficiency while meeting robustness, it can satisfy the real-time requirement of speech communication. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v12i4.4934
Processes reported in design of reelable insulated subsea flow lines (1990)

Designing second-generation reelable, insulated, subsea flow lines requires attention to lower heat loss for hotter products in deeper water. At the same time, insulation must be cost effective and withstand the effects of reelbarge installation. This paper presents considerations for material, manufacture, and installation.
To blastocyst or not to blastocyst? That is the question (2001)

Recent advances in culture media preparations have allowed for cleavage embryos to be developed to the blastocyst stage. Blastocysts are regarded as having increased implantation potential, and two blastocysts are typically transferred, which reduces the occurrence of high order multiple gestations. However, with current techniques, most cleavage embryos do not become blastocysts and it is not clear how many of these embryos would have implanted had they been replaced at the cleavage stage. Furthermore, experience with blastocyst cryopreservation is lacking and the overall benefit of blastocyst culture is unknown, unless we consider the combined pregnancy rates of both fresh and frozen blastocysts.
The lifelong maintenance of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons by Nurr1 and engrailed (2014)

Specific vulnerability and degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta of the midbrain is the pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease. A number of transcription factors regulate the birth and development of this set of neurons and some remain constitutively expressed throughout life. These maintenance transcription factors are closely associated with essential neurophysiological functions and are required ultimately for the long-term survival of the midbrain dopaminergic neurons. The current review describes the role of two such factors, Nurr1 and engrailed, in differentiation, maturation, and in normal physiological functions including acquisition of neurotransmitter identity. The review will also elucidate the relationship of these factors with life, vulnerability, degeneration and death of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons in the context of Parkinson's disease.
Metal-Semiconductor-Metal Photodetector for High-Speed Optoelectronic Circuits (1980)

A new metal-semiconductor-metal photodetector (MSM-PD), which is incorporated with coplanar striplines on high resistivity GaAs and has ultrahigh speed, is proposed and investigated experimentally as well as theoretically. A photocurrent gain over 50 has been observed at low frequency. In the high frequency region, the flat primary photocurrent response up to 1.5 GHz was obtained and the switching speed less than 100 ps was observed for GaAlAs laser pulses. Potentiality for detecting picosecond pulses is predicted. Photoresponse is almost flat in the wavelength region from 0.45 µm to 0.87 µm. Applications of MSM-PDs to optoelectronic logic circuits, such as AND gate and INHIBITOR, are demonstrated at less than 200 ps switching speeds.
Single-Nanoparticle-Terminated Tips for Scanning Probe Microscopy (2006)

We have developed a wet-chemistry procedure to attach a 10-40 nm colloidal gold nanoparticle to the top of a scanning probe microscopy (SPM) probe tip, making experiments of single nanoparticle interaction possible. This procedure of particle attachment is flexible and can be modified to attach nanoparticles of different kinds and sizes. The single-nanoparticle-terminated tips also have potential in various other applications, such as probes of enhanced sensitivity for optical and magnetic modes SPM.
Automating joiners (2007)

Pictures taken from different view points cannot be stitched into a geometrically consistent mosaic, unless the structure of the scene is very special. However, geometrical consistency is not the only criterion for success: incorporating multiple view points into the same picture may produce compelling and informative representations. A multi viewpoint form of visual expression that has recently become highly popular is that of joiners (a term coined by artist David Hockney). Joiners are compositions where photographs are layered on a 2D canvas, with some photographs occluding others and boundaries fully visible.
Hybrid model identification for fault diagnosis of non-linear dynamic processes (2004)

This work addresses an approach for fault diagnosis of industrial processes using hybrid models. A non-linear dynamic process can, in fact, be described as a composition of different affine submodels selected according to the process operating conditions. This paper concerns the identification of the hybrid model parameters through the input-output data acquired from the non-linear process. Therefore, the fault detection scheme adopted to generate residual signals exploits this estimated hybrid model. In order to show the effectiveness of the developed technique, the results obtained in the fault diagnosis of a real industrial plant are finally reported.
Plasma Levels of Syndecan-4 (Ryudocan) Are Elevated in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction (2001)

Syndecan-4 (ryudocan) is a cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan, which plays an important role in a variety of biological functions including regulation of blood coagulation. cell adhesion, and cell growth. In this study, we measured plasma levels of syndecan-4 in patients with acute myocardial infarction using an enzyme-immunoassay, and found that they were extremely high, with a peak of average (10.5 +/- 5.6 ng/ml, 2 weeks after onset), as compared with those in normal subjects (0.078 +/- 0.030 ng/ml) (p < 0.001). We also observed a distinct expression of syndecan-4 in the repair region of the damaged cardiac tissues with infarction, but not in intact region, by immunohistochemical analysis. To clarify the mechanism of syndecan-4 induction, we investigated the hypoxia effect on its expression, and found that hypoxia treatment up-regulated the gene expression of syndecan-4 in various types of cells. Taken together, it is suggested that syndecan-4 is induced by hypoxia stimuli in ischemic heart tissues, and may function as a tissue-repair molecule via biological mediators such as heparin-binding growth factors.
Two tumor suppressive loci on chromosome 10 involved in human glioblastomas (1995)

A number of cytogenetic and molecular analyses have revealed very frequent and extensive losses of regions of chromosome 10 in human glioblastomas. Our recent studies have demonstrated that the transfer of a chromosome 10 into human glioblastoma cells resulted in suppression of their transformed and tumorigenic phenotype. To localize the suppressive region further, we isolated and characterized certain hybrid cells that had undergone chromosomal rearrangements to yield hybrid cells retaining only various regions of the inserted chromosome 10. One series of subclones showed the loss of the majority of the long arm of chromosome 10 (10q21-10qter) and regained the ability to grow under anchorage-independent conditions, but the cells still failed to exhibit significant tumorigenicity in nude mice. Another set of subclones exhibited major deletions of large segments of the long arm of chromosome 10 (10q21-q23; 10q26-qter), yet retained certain distal alleles associated with 10q24 to 10q26. These subclones were identical in their biological characteristics to the hybrids containing an intact chromosome 10, exhibiting no growth in soft agarose or in nude mice. These results implicate the presence of two independent phenotypically suppressive regions on chromosome 10 (10pter-q11 and 10q24-q26) that are involved in glioma progression.
Surface microstructuring of aluminum alloy 2024 using femtosecond excimer laser irradiation (2001)

Surface microstructuring and modification of aluminum alloy 2024-T3 were investigated using a femtosecond pulse laser irradiation. The surface micrographs of the scanning electron microscopy were characterized as a function of incident laser fluence. The surface features ranging from submicrometer to micrometers were developed through the variation in laser fluence and laser pulse count. Results indicated that surface patterns were uniquely constructed in a controlled use of pulsed laser parameters for the ablation. Two ablation regimes were found in the logarithmic dependence of the ablated depth on laser fluence and two components were attributed to the optical and energy penetration. A thermal dynamic model was adopted to analyze the ablation processes, and the theoretical analysis agreed well with the experimental results.
Localization of Dengue Virus in Naturally Infected Human Tissues, by Immunohistochemistry and In Situ Hybridization (2004)

Dengue viral antigens have been demonstrated in several types of naturally infected human tissues, but little is known of whether these same tissues have detectable viral RNA. We studied tissue specimens from patients with serologically or virologically confirmed dengue infections by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH), to localize viral antigen and RNA, respectively. IHC was performed on specimens obtained from 5 autopsies and 24 biopsies and on 20 blood-clot samples. For ISH, antisense riboprobes to the dengue E gene were applied to tissue specimens in which IHC was positive. Viral antigens were demonstrated in Kupffer and sinusoidal endothelial cells of the liver; macrophages, multinucleated cells, and reactive lymphoid cells in the spleen; macrophages and vascular endothelium in the lung; kidney tubules; and monocytes and lymphocytes in blood-clot samples. Positive-strand viral RNA was detected in the same IHC-positive cells found in the spleen and blood-clot samples. The strong, positive ISH signal in these cells indicated a high copy number of viral RNA, suggesting replication.
Real-time hybrid state estimation incorporating SCADA and PMU measurements (2012)

This paper proposes a novel hybrid state estimation method using traditional SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) and newly deployed limited PMU (Phasor Measurement Unit) measurements. System states are estimated when a set of SCADA and/or PMU measurements come in. As PMU measurements come much faster (typically one sample in 20ms) than SCADA measurements (typically one sample in 10 seconds), in between two SCADA measurements, system states of PMU unobservable buses are interpolated using an interpolation matrix (H)live PMU measurements. In between two SCADA samples, if PMU measurements change significantly, pre-computed interpolation matrix (H) is compensated with a sensitivity change matrix (ΔH) and system states are estimated using the corrected interpolation matrix. In order to compute the ΔH, the method classified the measurement set into four sub-sets i.e. PMU measurements, SCADA measurements of PMU boundary buses with significant change, SCADA measurements adjacent to the selected boundary buses, and remaining SCADA measurements and run a modified weighted least square method with different weights corresponding to each sub-set of measurements. This compensation improves the estimation accuracy significantly. Effectiveness of the proposed scheme is evaluated on a number of IEEE benchmark test systems and evaluation results are presented in this paper.
A study of the behavior of helium atoms at Ni grain boundaries (2006)

Abstract Using molecular dynamics simulations with an analytical embedded‐atom method (MAEAM) model, the diffusion behavior of helium atoms at two Σ = 5 symmetric grain boundaries of Ni was investigated in the present paper. The simulations demonstrate that the interstitial helium atoms are stable at the grain boundaries. Helium atoms in Ni lattices could diffuse easily to the grain boundary and precipitate into a cluster, which confirmed the fact that helium atoms could nucleate and grow up into bubbles at the grain boundaries. The diffusion activation energy of interstitial helium atom at grain boundaries was also determined. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Resource Allocation and Service Provisioning in Multi-Agent Cloud Robotics: A Comprehensive Survey (2021)

Robotic applications nowadays are widely adopted to enhance operational automation and performance of real-world Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) including Industry 4.0, agriculture, healthcare, and disaster management. These applications are composed of latency-sensitive, data-heavy, and compute-intensive tasks. The robots, however, are constrained in the computational power and storage capacity. The concept of multi-agent cloud robotics enables robot-to-robot cooperation and creates a complementary environment for the robots in executing large-scale applications with the capability to utilize the edge and cloud resources. However, in such a collaborative environment, the optimal resource allocation for robotic tasks is challenging to achieve. Heterogeneous energy consumption rates and application of execution costs associated with the robots and computing instances make it even more complex. In addition, the data transmission delay between local robots, edge nodes, and cloud data centres adversely affects the real-time interactions and impedes service performance guarantee. Taking all these issues into account, this paper comprehensively surveys the state-of-the-art on resource allocation and service provisioning in multi-agent cloud robotics. The paper presents the application domains of multi-agent cloud robotics through explicit comparison with the contemporary computing paradigms and identifies the specific research challenges. A complete taxonomy on resource allocation is presented for the first time, together with the discussion of resource pooling, computation offloading, and task scheduling for efficient service provisioning. Furthermore, we highlight the research gaps from the learned lessons, and present future directions deemed beneficial to further advance this emerging field.
Human Safety Devices Using IoT and Machine Learning: A Review (2018)

Human safety has become one of the most targeted field for the researchers, owning it to its grave importance and the increased competition in the market for human safety gadgets. Hundreds and thousands of human safety devices (HSD) are being developed because of the rapid advancement in the field of Internet of things (IoT) that involve sensing technologies, embedded systems, wireless communication technologies, variety of sensors etc. An essential function of these devices is human activity recognition (HAR). Present human safety devices continuously track human activities with the help of sensors and track down any unusual activity by performing sensor data analysis (SDA)using machine learning (ML) algorithms. This paper aims at reviewing the latest reported systems for human safety and listing down the various sensors that can be used in human safety devices to detect unusual activities along with the machine learning algorithms that are used for the sensor data analysis.