gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A scalable scan-path test point insertion technique to enhance delay fault coverage for standard scan designs (2006)

In this paper, an automatic test pattern generator (ATPG)-based scan-path test point insertion technique, which can achieve high delay fault coverage for scan designs, is proposed. In the proposed technique, the shift dependency between adjacent scan flip-flops, which causes some delay faults to be untestable in the standard scan environment, is broken by inserting test points, which can be combinational gates as well as flip-flops. Instead of topology-based approaches used in prior publications, the proposed technique uses a special ATPG to identify pairs of adjacent scan flip-flops between which test points are inserted to improve fault coverage. Since the proposed technique inserts test points only where they are necessary, it can drastically reduce hardware overhead compared to circuit topology-based techniques. One hundred percent transition delay coverage was attained for all ISCAS 89 benchmark circuits except one. This is achieved with very small numbers of test points. On average, about 40% reduction in scan chain length against a prior approach was achieved by the proposed method for benchmark circuits with default scan chain order.
Development of a One-Handed, Environmental Surface-Sampling Device (2016)

Effective large-area field sampling for biological threats requires a kit that is designed to acquire and safely transport biological specimens. Current environmental surface-sampling devices require both hands for optimal use and generate a significant amount of waste, which could be cumbersome while wearing the appropriate personal protective equipment. We have developed and tested a one-handed, environmental surface-sampling device that we have named the Mano Environmental Surface-Sampling Device. This device has been specifically designed to act as the sampler as well as the transport packaging. In this report, we compared the effectiveness of the Mano sampling device to the biological sampling kit BiSKit currently employed by the Department of the Army for large-area surface sampling. The initial results of this study indicate that the Mano sampling device is capable of collecting a Bacillus anthracis simulant in a laboratory setting with greater efficiency than the BiSKit device. Further studies should be performed with this device to create a reference method for surface sampling and to allow the Mano sampling device to be incorporated into regular field use.
Expression of the human mismatch repair gene hMSH2 in normal and neoplastic tissues. (1996)

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer is caused by inherited mutations of mismatch repair genes. We developed monoclonal antibodies to the prototype human mismatch repair gene hMSH2 and used them to detect an immunoreactive protein of M(r) 100,000 in mismatch-proficient cell lines. In addition, a M(r) 150,000 protein coimmunoprecipitated with the hMSH2 gene product in cell lines expressing hMSH2. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the hMSH2 protein was exclusively nuclear. Whereas the hMSH2 protein was expressed in a variety of tissues, the most striking pattern was observed in esophageal and intestinal epithelia, where expression was limited to the replicating compartment. Neoplastic cells within benign and malignant mismatch repair-proficient tumors expressed the protein, but no hMSH2 immunoreactivity was observed in the colorectal tumors of patients with germline hMSH2 mutation. These results have implications for tumorigenic mechanisms and, potentially, for diagnosis.
Optical Design of High Aperture Aspherical Projection Lens (1990)

According to the recent innovation in plastic molding technology for aspherical lenses, an unique lens system, mostly constructed by aspherical lenses has been appearing. A typical and successful example of such lens system is the projection lens for a large screen television, which is expected to become the main stream for the coming HDTV era in the near future, because of its compactness, light weight, and proper luminance level. We have been trying to find an explicit way in the aspherical optical design for this projection lens.
Two Studies Evaluating the Safety and Immunogenicity of a Live, Attenuated <i>Shigella flexneri</i> 2a Vaccine (SC602) and Excretion of Vaccine Organisms in North American Volunteers (2004)

We report the first community-based evaluation of Shigella flexneri 2a strain SC602, a live, oral vaccine strain attenuated by deletion of the icsA (virG) plasmid virulence gene, given at 10(4) CFU. The primary objectives of this trial were to determine the safety and immunogenicity of the vaccine and to determine the duration of colonization. Four of 34 volunteers experienced transient fevers, and three reported diarrhea during the first 3 days of the study. Half of the volunteers mounted a positive serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) response to S. flexneri lipopolysaccharide. All but one of the volunteers excreted the vaccine in their stools for 1 to 33 days, and this excretion was often intermittent. Data from the community-based study were supplemented with an inpatient trial in which three volunteers received 10(3) and nine received 10(4) CFU. All volunteers who received 10(3) CFU excreted SC602 and had an IgA antibody-secreting cell response. Two of these had a serum IgA response. Six of the nine volunteers who received 10(4) CFU excreted SC602. One vaccinee had a transient fever and two met the definition of diarrhea. Six volunteers that received 10(4) CFU had an antibody-secreting cell response, and four had a serum IgA response. SC602 has now been tested at 10(4) CFU in a total of 58 volunteers. The cumulative results of these clinical trials, reported here and previously (Coster et al., Infect. Immun. 67:3437-3443, 1999), have demonstrated that SC602 is a substantially attenuated candidate vaccine that can evoke protection against the most severe symptoms of shigellosis in a stringent human challenge model of disease.
Analog dial gauge reader for handheld devices (2013)

In a typical process industry, there are several critical dial gauges wherein the readings are to be monitored on a periodic basis. Most of these dial gauges are still analog in nature and currently these are being monitored manually. The manual capture of readings is a tedious task and is also prone to error. This paper outlines an algorithm that can automatically identify the dial gauge readings using image captured by a PDA device. This will help in reducing the error in readings as well to provide a record of the actual reading for future reference. Our algorithm uses polar representation of the dial gauge image to identify the needle position as well as the start position of the dial gauge. Once these are obtained the reading of the dial gauge can be estimated with prior calibration information. The algorithm was tested on multiple dial gauge images captured in a local chiller plant and is shown to obtain the readings reliably in about 95% of these images.
Toward Low‐Frequency Mechanical Energy Harvesting Using Energy‐Dense Piezoelectrochemical Materials (2015)

The piezoelectrochemical coupling between mechanical stress and electrochemical potential is explored in the context of mechanical energy harvesting and shown to have promise in developing high-energy-density harvesters for low-frequency applications (e.g., human locomotion). This novel concept is demonstrated experimentally by cyclically compressing an off-the-shelf lithium-ion battery and measuring the generated electric power output.
Design of Functionalized Room-Temperature Ionic Liquid-Based Materials for CO<sub>2</sub>Separations and Selective Blocking of Hazardous Chemical Vapors (2012)

The design and synthesis of several new types of functionalized room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs), ionic polymers based on RTILs (i.e., poly(RTIL)s), poly(RTIL)-RTIL solid-liquid composites, and gelled RTIL systems for gas separations and reactive vapor transport applications are presented. The design concepts behind these new RTIL materials are discussed in the context of first, CO2 removal from CH4 and N2 for natural gas purification and greenhouse gas reduction, respectively; and second selective blocking or sorption of chemical warfare agent simulant and toxic industrial compound vapors from water vapor for protection applications. The role of the RTIL components and their unique properties in these two separations areas will be highlighted.
A 256&#x00D7;256 CMOS image sensor with &#x0394;&#x03A3;-based single-shot compressed sensing (2012)

Low power consumption is a primary concern in many CMOS image-sensor applications. As the resolution of these sensors has increased while maintaining or increasing their frame rates, A/D conversion has become the dominant component of power consumption [1]. Conventional image compression can help reduce the readout rate [2] (and hence its power consumption), but cannot reduce the A/D conversion power consumption, since it is performed after all pixel values have been converted to the digital domain.
An Empirical Assessment on Merging and Repositioning of Static Analysis Alarms (2022)

Static analysis tools generate a large number of alarms that require manual inspection. In prior work, repositioning of alarms is proposed to (1) merge multiple similar alarms together and replace them by a fewer alarms, and (2) report alarms as close as possible to the causes for their generation. The premise is that the proposed merging and repositioning of alarms will reduce the manual inspection effort. To evaluate the premise, this paper presents an empirical study with 249 developers on the proposed merging and repositioning of static alarms. The study is conducted using static analysis alarms generated on <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$C$</tex> programs, where the alarms are representative of the merging vs. non-merging and repositioning vs. non-repositioning situations in real-life code. Developers were asked to manually inspect and determine whether assertions added corresponding to alarms in <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$C$</tex> code hold. Additionally, two spatial cognitive tests are also done to determine relationship in performance. The empirical evaluation results indicate that, in contrast to expectations, there was no evidence that merging and repositioning of alarms reduces manual inspection effort or improves the inspection accuracy (at times a negative impact was found). Results on cognitive abilities correlated with comprehension and alarm inspection accuracy.
Digital Library Framework for Arabic Manuscripts (2007)

Handwritten Arabic manuscripts have been highly underutilized owing to the fact that, to our knowledge, there is no system or interface in existence, utilizing which user can browse or search the desired information. Given vast content of these manuscripts, it is important to develop indexing systems that support content-based retrieval from historical manuscripts. In this paper, we propose a "Digital library framework for Arabic Manuscripts". A prototype system has been implemented which supports preprocessing of document images. To enhance their quality, feature extraction of the user identified words for similarity matching purposes is carried out. Utilizing relevance feedback from the user, the system indexes the manuscript pages for later efficient retrieval. The prototype system has been tested and encouraging results were achieved.
Drawing from a Pool of Radicals for the Design of Selective Enyne Cyclizations (2013)

Despite the possibility of intermolecular attack at four different locations, the Bu3Sn-mediated radical cyclization of aromatic enynes is surprisingly selective. The observed reaction path originates from the least stable of the equilibrating pool of isomeric radicals produced by intermolecular Bu3Sn attack at the π-bonds of substrates. The radical pool components are kinetically self-sorted via 5-exo-trig closure, the fastest of the four possible cyclizations. The resulting Sn-substituted indenes are capable of further transformations in reactions with electrophiles.
Wide-field imaging combined with confocal microscopy using a miniature f/5 camera integrated within a high NA objective lens (2017)

Wide-field (WF) imaging paired with reflectance confocal microscopy can noninvasively detect skin cancer with high accuracy. However, two separate devices are required to perform each imaging procedure. We describe a new concept that integrates the two into one device: a miniature WF color camera within the objective lens used for confocal microscopy, providing simultaneous sub-surface cellular imaging and WF surface morphologic imaging. The camera, inserted between a hyperhemisphere front lens and a back lens group of the objective, commands a field of view of 4.0 mm, with a resolution better than 30 μm, while confocal optical sectioning is preserved at sharper than 2.5 μm.
Au@MoS₂@WS₂ Core–Shell Architectures: Combining Vapor Phase and Solution-Based Approaches (2020)

Solution preparation provides a versatile platform to extend the applications of transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) beyond those achievable with traditional vapor-based preparation methods. However, existing solution-based synthesis and exfoliation approaches present numerous challenges, including low-crystallinity material and incompatibility with complex geometries, particularly with respect to spatial control over interfacial regions. Perhaps interestingly, these disadvantages align well with some of the advantages of vapor phase synthesis. Here, we introduce a strategy that combines vapor phase deposition and solution chemistry to build TMD core–shell heterostructures housed in aqueous media and reap the benefits of both preparation methods. We report a new TMD core–shell heterostructure, Au@MoS₂@WS₂, with an Au nanoparticle core and MoS₂ and WS₂ shells and provide a means of suspending the structure in solution to allow for higher order patterning and ligand-based functionalization. High-resolution electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy provide a detailed analysis of the structure and interfaces of the core–shell heterostructures. UV–vis, dynamic light scattering, and zeta potential measurements exhibit outstanding natural stability and monodispersity of Au@MoS₂@WS₂ in solution. As a proof of concept, the aqueous environment is utilized to both functionalize the core–shell heterostructures with electrostatic ligands and pattern them into desired configurations on a target substrate. This work harnesses the advantages of vapor phase preparation of nanomaterials and the functionality possible with aqueous suspension to expand future engineering and application opportunities of TMD heterostructures.
The 83-kilodalton antigen of Borrelia burgdorferi which stimulates immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG responses in infected hosts is expressed by a chromosomal gene (1990)

We report the cloning and characterization of a chromosomal gene from Borrelia burgdorferi expressing an 83-kilodalton protein antigen in Escherichia coli. The antigen reacted strongly with antisera from two human Lyme disease patients. The chromosomal gene was expressed in a 6.5-kilobase-pair ClaI fragment cloned into a variable-reading-frame plasmid vector.
On plenoptic sub-aperture view recovery (2016)

Light field imaging is recently made available to the mass market by Lytro and Raytrix commercial cameras. Thanks to a grid of microlenses put in front of the sensor, a plenoptic camera simultaneously captures several images of the scene under different viewing angles, providing an enormous advantage for post-capture applications, e.g., depth estimation and image refocusing. In this paper, we propose a fast framework to re-grid, denoise and up-sample the data of any plenoptic camera. The proposed method relies on the prior sub-pixel estimation of micro-images centers and of inter-views disparities. Both objective and subjective experiments show the improved quality of our results in terms of preserving high frequencies and reducing noise and artifacts in low frequency content. Since the recovery of the pixels is independent of one another, the algorithm is highly parallelizable on GPU.
Observation of Human Cardiac Bloodflow by Non-Invasive Measurement of Magnetic Susceptibility Changes (1974)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation J. P. Wikswo, J. E. Opfer, W. M. Fairbank; Observation of Human Cardiac Bloodflow by Non‐Invasive Measurement of Magnetic Susceptibility Changes. AIP Conf. Proc. 1 March 1974; 18 (1): 1335–1339. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2947281 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Blocking Performance in Dynamic Flexible Grid Optical Networks - What is the Ideal Spectrum Granularity? (2011)

We show that the ideal spectrum granularity in dynamic flexible grid networks to achieve best blocking performance is determined by the greatest common factor of spectrum widths of all mixed-rate signals.
New approaches to hard bubble suppression (1973)

Since the discovery of hard bubbles [1,2], several techniques for their suppression have been reported [3,4]. This paper describes a new double-layer method which is more versatile than previously reported suppression techniques. It is also shown that it may be possible to prevent hard bubble generation without resorting to exchange coupling of multi-layer films. This study has also produced interesting evidence that it is only the generation of hard bubbles that is suppressed, not their existence. The latter result indicates that the existing model of hard bubble suppression [5] is incomplete.
ACC synthase expression regulates leaf performance and drought tolerance in maize (2004)

Ethylene regulates entry into several types of plant developmental cell death and senescence programs besides mediating plant responses to biotic and abiotic stress. The response of cereals to conditions of drought includes loss of leaf function and premature onset of senescence in older leaves. In this study, ACC synthase (ACS) mutants, affecting the first step in ethylene biosynthesis, were isolated in maize and their effect on leaf function examined. Loss of ZmACS6 expression resulted in delayed leaf senescence under normal growth conditions and inhibited drought-induced senescence. Zmacs6 leaves continued to be photosynthetically active under both conditions indicating that leaf function was maintained. The delayed senescence phenotype associated with loss of ZmACS6 expression was complemented by exogenous ACC. Surprisingly, elevated levels of foliar chlorophyll, Rubisco, and soluble protein as well as improved leaf performance was observed for all Zmasc6 leaves, including young and fully expanded leaves which were far from initiating senescence. These observations suggest that ethylene may serve to regulate leaf performance throughout its lifespan as well as to determine the onset of natural senescence and mediate drought-induced senescence.
Adaptive compensation techniques for communications systems with tomlinson-harashima precoding (2003)

To improve compensation to channel or interference changes, we propose adapting an auxiliary feedback filter (FBF) in the receiver of systems which use Tomlinson-Harashima (1971, 1972) precoding. We show how the auxiliary FBF can be adapted in conjunction with the receiver feedforward filter (FFF). Simulations demonstrate the performance advantage of our auxiliary FBF technique relative to FFF updating alone, and how the FFF combines interference suppression with despreading in wideband applications. Error propagation can be effectively avoided by using the auxiliary FBF values to decide when to update the precoder, while transient increases in mean-squared error are avoided by using the FBF values in the update equation.
An Improved Method for the Isolation of Islets from the Beef Pancreas (1982)

An improved method for the isolation of islets from the beef and pig pancreas is described. The procedure involves the use of strips of Velcro that retain the partially-digested collagen during the isolation of islets by the collagenase technique. The spiny portion of the Velcro is ideally suited to retain the collagen and yet permit the separation of islets from the pancreatic parenchyma. A remarkably high yield of islets has been obtained from the beef and pig pancreas using this procedure.
ChemInform Abstract: Ferric Ion Sequestering Agents. Part 16. Template and Stepwise Syntheses of a Macrobicyclic Catechoylamide Ferric Ion Sequestering Agent. (1987)

Abstract The new macrocyclic catechoylamide ligand (V) ("bicapped TRENCAM") is synthesized as shown in the scheme by conventional high dilution techniques.
Position sensing in a cylindrical ionization detector through use of a segmented cathode (2005)

Position sensing in radiation detectors is essential for imaging applications and improved energy resolution. We propose an electrode configuration for cylindrical ionization chambers that accurately senses the radial and azimuthal coordinates of interaction vertices. The cathode of the proposed design is segmented into six longitudinal strip electrodes. Signals read out from each electrode are used in a computational scheme that accurately predicts the location of interacting events inside the detector, as indicated by Monte Carlo simulations. These show that the spatial resolution offered by a 24 mm diameter detector is 1 mm at 140 keV and 0.5 mm at 511 keV (assuming a root-mean-square amplifier noise of 50 electrons). At the same noise and energy levels, full-width-at-half-maximum energy resolution is 7.1% and 2.3%, respectively. These values indicate significant improvement over conventional detectors.
A psychoacoustic model for audio coding based on a cochlear filter bank (2002)

Perceptual audio coders use an estimated masked threshold for the determination of the maximum permissible just-inaudible noise level introduced by quantization. This estimate is derived from a psychoacoustic model mimicking the psychoacoustics of masking. Current applications use a uniform spectral decomposition as first stage of that model to approximate the frequency selectivity of the human auditory system. The availability of efficient implementations led to a virtually exclusive use of uniform decompositions in audio coding. However, the equal filter properties of the uniform sub-bands are not in line with the nonuniform auditory filters. This paper presents a psychoacoustic model based on an efficient nonuniform cochlear filter bank with a simplified less complex post-processing for estimating the masked threshold. Application results in audio coding show a significantly better performance in terms of bit rate and/or quality of the new model in comparison with other state-of-the-art models with a uniform spectral decomposition.