gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Further Results on Performance Guarantees in Adaptive Control of Uncertain Systems With Unmodeled Dynamics (2020)

Abstract Adaptive control approaches are effective system-theoretical methods for guaranteeing both the stability and the performance of physical systems subject to uncertainties. However, the stability and performance of these approaches can be severely degraded by the presence of unmodeled dynamics. Motivated by this standpoint, the previous work of the authors introduced a model reference adaptive control architecture based on the direct uncertainty minimization method for systems with additive input uncertainties and unmodeled dynamics. In particular, the proposed approach not only guaranteed the closed-loop stability predicated on a sufficient stability condition but also improved the closed-loop performance. The purpose of this paper is to generalize this previous work of the authors. Specifically, a model reference adaptive control architecture is given and it is system-theoretically analyzed for systems with unmodeled dynamics, and both additive input and control effectiveness uncertainties (we refer to Theorems 1 and 2 of this paper). The sufficient stability condition of the resulting architecture relies on linear matrix inequalities and this architecture can be effective in achieving not only stability but also a desired level of closed-loop system performance. Finally, we also provide an illustrative numerical example, which demonstrates the given theoretical results. (This research was supported by the Air Force Research Laboratory Aerospace Systems Directorate under the Universal Technology Corporation Grant 162642-20-25-C1.)
Enzyme‐synthesized poly(amine‐<i>co</i>‐esters) as nonviral vectors for gene delivery (2010)

A family of biodegradable poly(amine-co-esters) was synthesized in one step via enzymatic copolymerization of diesters with amino-substituted diols. Diesters of length C(4) -C(12) (i.e., from succinate to dodecanedioate) were successfully copolymerized with diethanolamines with either an alkyl (methyl, ethyl, n-butyl, t-butyl) or an aryl (phenyl) substituent on the nitrogen. Upon protonation at slightly acidic conditions, these poly(amine-co-esters) readily turned to cationic polyelectrolytes, which were capable of condensing with polyanionic DNA to form nanometer-sized polyplexes. In vitro screening with pLucDNA revealed that two of the copolymers, poly(N-methyldiethyleneamine sebacate) (PMSC) and poly(N-ethyldiethyleneamine sebacate) (PESC), possessed comparable or higher transfection efficiencies compared with Lipofectamine 2000. PMSC/pLucDNA and PESC/pLucDNA nanoparticles had desirable particle sizes (40-70 nm) for cellular uptake and were capable of functioning as proton sponges to facilitate endosomal escape after cellular uptake. These polyplex nanoparticles exhibited extremely low cytotoxicity. Furthermore, in vivo gene transfection experiments revealed that PMSC is a substantially more effective gene carrier than PEI in delivering pLucDNA to cells in tumors in mice. All these properties suggest that poly(amine-co-esters) are promising nonviral vectors for safe and efficient DNA delivery in gene therapy.
Trust management for distributed decision fusion in sensor networks (2009)

In this paper we investigate how trust, with its various notions and forms, impacts the gathering and fusing of raw data, and its subsequent conversion to knowledge in sensor network. In particular, we study how the presence of compromised or faulty sensors affects the performance of the decision fusion, by using metrics of quality of information (QoI). We first provide analytical frameworks to model the malicious behavior of compromised sensors. We then introduce reputation mechanisms to address the threat of compromised sensors and the management of the trust. Via analysis and simulation, we evaluate how the reputation mechanisms can improve the performance of the fusion process. The end results provide valuable insight into the dynamics of the interplay between information networks, communication networks, as well as decision making support in social-cognitive networks.
Cross-protective effect of a combined L5 plus L3 Leishmania major ribosomal protein based vaccine combined with a Th1 adjuvant in murine cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis (2014)

The data presented here demonstrate the potential use of L. major L3 and L5 recombinant ribosomal proteins for the development of vaccines against various Leishmania species.
Structures of the aminoglycoside antibiotics 66–40B and 66–40D produced by Micromonospora inyoensis (1975)

The novel amino-glycoside antibiotics 66–40B and 66–40D produced as minor components by fermentation of Micromonospora inyoensis have been shown to be O-2,6-diamino-2,3,4,6-tetradeoxy-α-D-glycero-hex-4-enopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-[3-deoxy-3-methylamino-α-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→6)]-2-deoxy-D-streptamine and O-2,6-diamino-2,3,4,6-tetradeoxy-α-D-glycero-hex-4-enopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-[3-deoxy-3-methylamino-β-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→6)]-2-deoxy-D-streptamine, respectively. The novel 3-deoxy-3-methylamino-β-L-arabinopyranosyl sugar unit of 66–40D has not previously been found in any amino-glycoside antibiotic. Both 66–40B and D exhibit broad spectrum antibacterial activity.
Array set addressing: making the world safe for hexagonal imaging (2009)

It has been shown through various research efforts over the past few decades that there are numerous advantages to sampling images hexagonally rather than rectangularly. Despite the advantages, hexagonal imaging has not been generally accepted as being advantageous due to the lack of sensors that sample hexagonally, lack of displays for hexagonal images, and lack of an elegant addressing scheme. The advantages gained by sampling hexagonally are offset by the additional processing required to deal with the problems that are inherent with the previously proposed addressing schemes. Hence, there is insufficient motivation to develop sensors and displays that operate in the hexagonal domain. This paper introduces an addressing scheme, array set addressing, that solves the problems exhibited by other approaches. This new approach represents the hexagonal grid with a pair of rectangular arrays, supporting efficient linear algebra and image processing manipulation. Early results have shown that image processing techniques such as convolution, downsampling, calculating Euclidean distances, and vector arithmetic can be done with no more complexity than is required for processing rectangularly sampled images.
Nanosponge Formation from Organocatalytically Synthesized Poly(carbonate) Copolymers (2012)

Advanced organocatalytic synthesis methods were employed to prepare linear poly(carbonate)s with control over functional group incorporation and molecular weight. Pendant allyl or epoxide groups served as reaction partners in thiol-ene click or epoxide-amine reactions with ethylene oxide-containing crosslinking groups to form a panel of six novel poly(carbonate) nanosponges with crosslinking densities ranging from 5%, 10% and 20% <i>via</i> an intermolecular chain-crosslinking approach.
BreachRadar: Automatic Detection of Points-of-Compromise (2017)

Bank transaction fraud results in over $13B annual losses for banks, merchants, and card holders worldwide. Much of this fraud starts with a Point-of-Compromise (a data breach or a ”skimming” operation) where credit and debit card digital information is stolen, resold, and later used to perform fraud. We introduce this problem and present an automatic Points-of-Compromise (POC) detection procedure. BreachRadar is a distributed alternating algorithm that assigns a probability of being compromised to the different possible locations. We implement this method using Apache Spark and show its linear scalability in the number of machines and transactions. BreachRadar is applied to two datasets with billions of real transaction records and fraud labels where we provide multiple examples of real Points-of-Compromise we are able to detect. We further show the effectiveness of our method when injecting Points-of-Compromise in one of these datasets, simultaneously achieving over 90% precision and recall when only 10% of the cards have been victims of fraud.
Delivery of Differentiation Factors by Mesoporous Silica Particles Assists Advanced Differentiation of Transplanted Murine Embryonic Stem Cells (2013)

Abstract Stem cell transplantation holds great hope for the replacement of damaged cells in the nervous system. However, poor long-term survival after transplantation and insufficiently robust differentiation of stem cells into specialized cell types in vivo remain major obstacles for clinical application. Here, we report the development of a novel technological approach for the local delivery of exogenous trophic factor mimetics to transplanted cells using specifically designed silica nanoporous particles. We demonstrated that delivering Cintrofin and Gliafin, established peptide mimetics of the ciliary neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, respectively, with these particles enabled not only robust functional differentiation of motor neurons from transplanted embryonic stem cells but also their long-term survival in vivo. We propose that the delivery of growth factors by mesoporous nanoparticles is a potentially versatile and widely applicable strategy for efficient differentiation and functional integration of stem cell derivatives upon transplantation.
Filtering and scan conversion of 3D displacement vectors from a 4D curvilinear transducer (2009)

3D real time ultrasound elastography is quickly becoming a viable clinical tool. Motorized curvilinear transducers are often employed when obtaining 3D data. As a result of transducer geometry, the subsequent filtering and scan conversion of displacement data is non-trivial, and an algorithm has been developed to transform the displacement vectors to Cartesian positions and convert the motion vectors to Cartesian components, while applying appropriate pre-filtering. The method has been validated and found to be computationally efficient. The approach described here can be employed for any 3D transducer geometry, opening the field for the use of many types of 3D transducers for real-time elastography measurements.
Sci‐AM1 Sat ‐ 01: A system for MRI‐guided thermal therapy of prostate disease with transurethral ultrasound heating applicators (2005)

An increasing number of prostate cancers are detected at an early stage when the tumour is localised within the gland. Image‐guided transurethral thermal therapy is a promising minimally‐invasive approach to treat targeted regions of the prostate gland while sparing surrounding tissue from unwanted damage. This work describes both a system developed to deliver MRI‐guided transurethral thermal therapy, and the characterisation of multi‐element ultrasound heating applicators. The delivery system includes five independent channels capable of producing up to 50W of RF power. Heating patterns produced by the device can be visualised during treatment using MRI thermometry and software developed to interface with the MR scanner. A fully MRI‐compatible motor has also been developed to rotate the heating applicator during treatment within the scanner. Evaluation of the capability to perform quantitative thermometry during heating with these heating applicators has been performed in a thermal gel material (TGM) developed in our lab with tissue‐mimicking ultrasound and thermal properties. This system has enabled us to validate MRI measurements of temperature distributions with the boundary of thermal coagulation in the TGM. In addition, verification of numerical simulations of heating has been accomplished and the feasibility of using this technology for conformal treatment of the prostate has been addressed.
Hall-Effect Sensor Technique for No Induced Voltage in AC Magnetic Field Measurements Without Current Spinning (2021)

Accurately sensing AC magnetic field signatures poses a series of challenges to commonly used Hall-effect sensors. In particular, induced voltage and lack of high-frequency spinning methods are bottlenecks in the measurement of AC magnetic fields. We describe a magnetic field measurement technique that can be implemented in two ways: 1) the current driving the Hall-effect sensor is oscillating at the same frequency as the magnetic field, and the signal is measured at the second harmonic of the magnetic field frequency, and 2) the frequency of the driving current is preset, and the measured frequency is the magnetic field frequency plus the frequency of the current. This method has potential advantages over traditional means of measuring AC magnetic fields used in power systems (e.g., motors, inverters), as it can reduce the components needed (subsequently reducing the overall cost and size) and is not frequency bandwidth limited by current spinning. The sensing technique produces no induced voltage and results in a low offset, thus preserving accuracy and precision in measurements. Experimentally, we have shown offset voltage values between 8 and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$27 ~\mu \text{T}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> at frequencies ranging from 100 Hz to 1 kHz, validating the potential of this technique in both cases.
Design Opportunities for Actively Targeted Nanoparticle Vaccines (2008)

Vaccines for many infectious diseases are poorly developed or simply unavailable. There are significant technological and practical design issues that contribute to this problem; thus, a solution to the vaccine problem will require a systematic approach to test the multiple variables that are required to address each of the design challenges. Nanoparticle technology is an attractive methodology for optimizing vaccine development because design variables can be tested individually or in combination. The biology of individual components that constitute an effective vaccine is often well understood and may be integrated into particle design, affording optimal immune responses to specific pathogens. Here, we review technological variables and design parameters associated with creating modular nanoparticle vaccine systems that can be used as vectors to protect against disease. Variables, such as the material and size of the core matrix, surface modification for attaching targeting ligands and routes of administration, are discussed. Optimization of these variables is important for the development of nanoparticle-based vaccine systems against infectious diseases and cancer.
ChemInform Abstract: Discovery and Potency Optimization of 2‐Amino‐5‐arylmethyl‐1,3‐thiazole Derivatives as Potential Therapeutic Agents for Prostate Cancer. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fabrication of present-generation microstructured semiconductor neutron detectors (2014)

Microstructured semiconductor neutron detectors with large aspect-ratio, straight trenches backfilled with neutron sensitive material exhibit superior detection efficiencies over traditional thin-film-coated diodes for solid-state thermal neutron detection. The detectors operate as partial-conformal diffused pin-junction diodes with low leakage current and capacitance. The solid-state silicon substrate detectors operate on a zero to 2.7 V bias and are coupled with signal amplifying and electronic readout components. The intrinsic thermal neutron detection efficiency for a 4-cm2 single-sided MSND reported here is 30.0±0.9% for a neutron beam with normal incidence to the detector surface. The intrinsic thermal neutron detection efficiencies for 0.0253 eV neutrons were determined by calibrating against a calibrated helium-3 gas-filled proportional detector at the Kansas State University TRIGA Mk II nuclear reactor diffraction beam port.
Non-Contact Device for Measuring Frequency Response Functions of CNC Machine Tools (2003)

The frequency response function (FRF) of a CNC machine tool is composed of tool/toolholder/spindle dynamics, and plays an important role in determining the stability of high speed machining processes. This paper details the design, development and operational verification of a non-contacting, controllable, electromechanical actuator (EMA) for measuring the FRFs of tools mounted in CNC milling machines. Although standard modal testing methods are available and provide similarly accurate results, these test procedures are difficult to perform in machine shop environments and can require expensive equipment. The EMA developed as part of this research extends the capabilities of the NIST “best speeds device” to provide controllable, non-contacting excitation for modal tests on machine tools. This EMA device offers the advantages of being accurate, easy to use, and applicable to a wide variety of tools and operating conditions.
Neotyphodium-Grass Interactions and Their Economic Importance (1999)

Neotyphodium endophytes occur as intercellular mycelium within their grass hosts and are transmitted as mycelium in seed. They have a mutualistic relationship with the grass and assist in the survival of their host plants. Plant growth and competitive ability can be enhanced through better utilization of nutrients and through production of phytohormones by the endophyte.
Better Prior Knowledge Improves Human-Pose-Based Extrinsic Camera Calibration (2021)

Accurate extrinsic calibration of wide baseline multi-camera systems enables better understanding of 3D scenes for many applications and is of great practical importance. Classical Structure-from-Motion calibration methods require special calibration equipment so that accurate point correspondences can be detected between different views. In addition, an operator with some training is usually needed to ensure that data is collected in a way that leads to good calibration accuracy. This limits the ease of adoption of such technologies. Recently, methods have been proposed to use human pose estimation models to establish point correspondences, thus removing the need for any special equipment. The challenge with this approach is that human pose estimation algorithms typically produce much less accurate feature points compared to classical patch-based methods. Another problem is that ambient human motion might not be optimal for calibration. We build upon prior works and introduce several novel ideas to improve the accuracy of human-pose-based extrinsic calibration. Our first contribution is a robust reprojection loss based on a better understanding of the sources of pose estimation error. Our second contribution is a 3D human pose likelihood model learned from motion capture data. We demonstrate significant improvements in calibration accuracy by evaluating our method on four publicly available datasets.
A Novel Dimeric Inhibitor Targeting Beta2GPI in Beta2GPI/Antibody Complexes Implicated in Antiphospholipid Syndrome (2010)

Our results suggest that the approach of using a dimeric inhibitor to block β2GPI in the pathological multivalent β2GPI/antibody complexes holds significant promise. The novel inhibitor A1-A1 may be a starting point in the development of an effective therapeutic for antiphospholipid syndrome.
The Tumor Antigen Cyclin B1 Hosts Multiple CD4 T Cell Epitopes Differently Recognized by Pre-Existing Naive and Memory Cells in Both Healthy and Cancer Donors (2015)

Cyclin B1 (CCNB1) is considered as a potential target for a cancer vaccine, as it is overexpressed in many malignant cells, while being transiently expressed in normal cells. To evaluate the CD4 T cell response to CCNB1, we derived T cell lines by multiple weekly rounds of stimulation with recombinant CCNB1 of T cells collected in healthy donors (long-term T cell assays). T cell lines were specific for 15 immunodominant peptides and derived preferentially from naive T cells. From 74 overlapping peptides, 20 peptides were selected for their broad specificity of binding to HLA class II molecules and included most of the immunodominant epitopes. They primed in vitro a large number of specific CD4 T cell lines in all the donors. Immunodominant epitopes were the most efficacious in long-term T cell assays, both in terms of number of specific T cell lines and number of responding donors. The 20 peptides were also submitted to short-term T cell assays using cells collected in healthy and cancer patients with the aim to evaluate the memory response. The recognized peptides differed from the immunodominant peptides and were part of the best promiscuous peptides. We also observed pre-existing CCNB1-specifc IgG Abs in both healthy and cancer donors. Long- and short-term T cell assays revealed that CCNB1 contained many CD4 T cell epitopes, which are differentially recognized by pre-existing naive and memory CD4 T cells. These observations are of value for the design of cancer vaccines.
Medicinal Chemistry and Emerging Strategies Applied to the Development of Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) (2007)

Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), known previously as "antiestrogens", are a new category of therapeutic agents used for the prevention and treatment of diseases such as osteoporosis and breast cancer. SERMs act as ER-agonist in some tissues while acting as ER-antagonist in others based on conformational change of the receptors, particularly at the helix 12. Currently, there are two classes of clinically approved SERMs; triphenylethylene derivatives (e.g., tamoxifen) and benzothiophene derivatives (e.g., raloxifene). Tamoxifen, raloxifene and toremifene are the most widely used SERMs. Tamoxifen, an antagonist of the breast tissue, is the first clinically identified compound with noticeable SERM activity. Although tamoxifen has been very successful in breast cancer treatment, its agonistic effect on the uterus is said to be associated with increase risk of developing endometrial cancer. Ideally, it is presumed that SERMs should selectively act as an agonist in the bone and brain while simultaneously acting as an antagonist in the breast and uterus. Therefore, the therapeutic goal of SERMs is the prevention of estrogen deficiency diseases without promoting estrogen-associated tumor growth. Therefore, the objective of this review is to summarize various effects that have been applied in improving the tissue-selectivity of SERMs, highlighting the emerging understanding of their mechanism of actions in selected target tissues and the development of the SERMs. The significance in recent discovery of selective estrogen receptor alpha modulators, SERAMs will also be reviewed.
Bark burning system. [Patent application] (1977)

According to this patent application, green bark particles are conveyed slowly downward through a drying chamber countercurrently to rising hot combustion gases in a surrounding annular combustion zone. Bark discharges from the bottom of the drying chamber as fuel into the combustion zone. Hot combustion gases leaving the zone are used to supply heat or power to a sawmill. This invention relates to the utilization of by-products and wastes from sawmills as a source of heat or power for such mills.