gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopic estimation of the extent of S-nitrosothiol formation by nitrite action on sulfhydryl groups (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpectroscopic estimation of the extent of S-nitrosothiol formation by nitrite action on sulfhydryl groupsD. Michael Byler, David K. Gosser, and Heino SusiCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1983, 31, 3, 523–527Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00117a015https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00117a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views120Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Hybrid Background Subtraction Method with Background and Foreground Candidates Detection (2015)

Background subtraction for motion detection is often used in video surveillance systems. However, difficulties in bootstrapping restrict its development. This article proposes a novel hybrid background subtraction technique to solve this problem. For performance improvement of background subtraction, the proposed technique not only quickly initializes the background model but also eliminates unnecessary regions containing only background pixels in the object detection process. Furthermore, an embodiment based on the proposed technique is also presented. Experimental results verify that the proposed technique allows for reduced execution time as well as improvement of performance as evaluated by Recall, Precision, F1, and Similarity metrics when used with state-of-the-art background subtraction methods.
Designing a Bandpass Frequency Selective Surface Based on an Analytical Approach Using Hexagonal Patch-Strip Unit Cell (2014)

AbstractThis article introduces analytical formulas to obtain frequency response for a periodic array of hexagon metallic patches and strip cells. The validity of analytic expressions obtained from analysis is verified using full-wave simulations. The formulas are then employed for designing a first-order bandpass frequency selective surface. The proposed frequency selective surface is composed of a periodic array of metallic patches separated by thin air gaps backed by a wire mesh having the same periodicity. The array of metallic patches and the wire mesh constitute a capacitive surface and a coupled inductive surface, respectively, which together act as a resonant structure in the path of an incident plane wave. The frequency response of the proposed frequency selective surface is obtained for various angles of incidence. Moreover, principles of operation, detailed synthesis procedure, and designing guideline for this type of frequency selective surface are presented and discussed in this article.Keywords: circuit modelelectromagnetic spatial filterfrequency selective surfaceradome
Non-invasive method for sampling and extraction of mouse DNA for PCR (2004)

We adapted a non-invasive, fast, reliable and inexpensive procedure for the sampling and extraction of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) for genetic testing of mice. The procedure is based on a simple DNA extraction procedure used in the forensic genetic testing of humans. It involves mouth swabbing of the inner cheek using a cotton stick, followed by alkaline lysis of the harvested buccal epithelial cells. This procedure allows for repeated sampling and genetic testing of the individual mouse, and it is faster, simpler and, in our hands, more reliable than the currently used routine procedures for the sampling and extraction of mouse DNA. Current procedures all involve biopsy of a piece of the tail, ear or toe, followed by lengthy procedures to release and isolate the DNA.
Multiproduct Advertising Budgeting (1990)

The problem of optimizing advertising across a broad product range, where significant cross elasticities are likely, is explored. A linear-in-logs model is proposed and allocation rules for budgeting across products and media are derived. The model is estimated for a large European variety store chain. The results suggest profits could be increased by nearly 40 percent with no change in the advertising budget, if management shifted from the conventional bottom-up approach to the more systematic method outlined. The final section describes how management implemented the model.
Image reversal of positive photoresist: Characterization and modeling (1985)

We report on an investigation of a so-called image-reversal process where a negative tone image can be obtained with a positive resist. The reversal process is achieved by addition of a base to the exposed photoresist and a subsequent flood exposure. First, we characterize the image reversal by means of the characteristic curves, thus optimizing the process. A simple analytical model and a two-dimensional numerical simulation program have been developed in order to evaluate the dependence of the edge slope of the image-reversed resist line on resist and exposure parameters. Experimental investigation confirmed the simulation result that both positive and negative line edge slopes can be achieved with the image-reversal process by properly adjusting the exposure parameters. Finally, the image-reversal process has been compared experimentally to the standard positive process, considering linewidth control on profiled surfaces.
A Novel Polarization-Independent Beam Splitter (1980)

This paper presents the design and experimental results of a novel broad-band quasi-optical polarization-independent beam splitter. The novel beam splitter consists of parallel metallic strips formed on a dielectric sheet. The width and spacing of the metallic strips and thickness of the dielectric sheet are optimized. This experimentally manufactured 3-dB beam splitter has a frequency bandwidth from 80 to 110 GHz, and the transmission and reflection coefficients for mutually orthogonal polarisation are within 3/spl plusmn/0.5 dB over this entire frequency band. The insertion losses are 0.2 dB over the abovementioned frequency band. The obtained insertion losses are less than that obtained with any other quasi-optical polarisation-independent beam splitter presented in the literature to date. This type of beam splitter holds great promise as a device for constructing signal-multiplexing and demultiplexing circuits in the millimeter-wave region and above.
Cross – sectional study of respiratory pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (2006)

Background: Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) comprises an array of diseases ranging from bronchitis to pneumonia; its asperity can sway from non-pneumonic LRTI to pneumonia or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The HMG/WHO review in 1994 estimated the overall acute respiratory infections in Nepal to be 2.1%. Methods: In brief, all total 132 sputum samples of patients suspected of LRTI those visiting Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital during March to May 2005 were investigated with the use of standard microbiological methods and the bacterial isolates were subjected for antibiotic sensitivity test. Results: Of the total, 31.0% sputum samples showed significant positive. Among them 75.6% were gram-negative bacteria (GNB) and 24.40% gram-positive bacteria (GPB). Eight different types of bacteria were isolated. Haemophilus influenzae (19.51%), Klebsiella pnemoniae (19.51%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa(19.51%), were the most common isolates followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (12.19%), Staphylococcus aureus (12.19%), Escherichia coli (9.75 %), Citrobacter fruendii (4.87%), Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (2.43%). Antibiotic susceptibility test showed that, more than 50% of GPB were resistant to Erythromycin, Cephalexin and Ciprofloxacin whereas majority of GNB were resistant to Ciprofloxacin, Gentamycin,Ampicillin. Conclusion: This study needs to be conducted round the year to acquire more information regarding seasonal variation.
Einleitung (2002)

Gewalt von Männern gegen Frauen in Ehe und Partnerschaft ist kein neues soziales Problem. Züchtigungsrecht und Pruügelstrafe waren bis in die jüngere Vergangenheit hinein ein unangefochtenes Priveleg des „pater familias“. Erst mit der Einführung des Bürgerlichen Gesetzbuches (1900) entfiel endgültig das Züchtigungsrecht des Ehemannes gegenüber seiner Frau. Dass auch heute noch unzälige (Ehe-) Partner aus allen sozialen Schichten gegenüber ihren Frauen Gewalt anwenden, und dass viele von ihnen immer noch glauben, dazu durchaus berechtigt zu sein, wird durch zahlreiche Untersuchungen in den letzten Jahren im In- und Ausland offensichtlich.
An Approach of Fast Mosaic for Serial Remote Sensing Images from UAV (2007)

Based on the values of external orientation elements of the camera installed on the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), the nearest-neighbor interpolation is adopted to rectify original images geometrically. The range of the overlapping region between two consecutive images is determined by the flying status parameters of UAV. Both of the overlapping regions of the two images are processed to binary image at first. In the appointed binary image region of the former image, feature template is searched and extracted. By the XOR operation, some possible matching positions of the latter image are got. Furthermore, normalized correlation method (NC) is adopted to validate the optimal matching position, by which two consecutive images are mosaicked to an image. An intensity transformation function between the two consecutive images is built to smooth the mosaicked image. Simulation experimental results show that the approach presented is effective.
Diastereoselective Enolate Coupling through Redox Umpolung in Silicon and Titanium Bisenolates:  A Novel Concept Based on Intramolecularization of Carbon−Carbon Bond Formation (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTDiastereoselective Enolate Coupling through Redox Umpolung in Silicon and Titanium Bisenolates: A Novel Concept Based on Intramolecularization of Carbon−Carbon Bond Formation†Michael Schmittel, Armin Burghart, Wolfgang Malisch, Joachim Reising, and Rolf SöllnerView Author Information Institut für Organische Chemie and Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 2, 396–400Publication Date (Web):January 1, 1998Publication History Received4 September 1997Published online1 January 1998Published inissue 1 January 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo971650xhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo971650xbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1472Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Cyclization,Enolates,Oxidation,Silicon,Stereoselectivity Get e-Alerts
Determination of the most appropriate velocity threshold for applying hemispheric flow convergence equations to calculate flow rate: selected according to the transorifice pressure gradient. Digital computer analysis of the Doppler color flow convergence region. (1993)

Our present study provides an orifice size-independent quantitative method that can be used to select the most suitable velocity threshold for applying a simple hemispheric flow convergence equation based on clinically predictable pressure gradients ranging from 40 to 200 mm Hg, and it offers a correction factor that can be applied to the hemispheric flow convergence equation when the pressure gradient is less than 40 mm Hg.
Characteristics of W films formed by ion beam assisted deposition (1991)

The properties of tungsten films and W–GaAs contact characteristics formed by low energy ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) have been investigated. For the deposition of tungsten films, low energy (0.5–4.0 keV) H2+ and Ar+ beams were irradiated in W(CO)6 ambient. The deposition rate was higher for heavier ion (Ar+) and higher ion energy because of higher energy deposition rate. The deposited films consisted of about 75% of tungsten and 11%–14% of oxygen and carbon, respectively. The resistivity of deposited films was about 600–800 μΩ cm. The damage induced during ion beam irradiation was examined by W–GaAs contact characteristics. The results suggest that it is desirable to use lighter ion and lower ion energy to reduce the damage on the substrate.
ChemInform Abstract: Macroheterocycles. Part 6. A Convenient Synthesis of Cyclic N,N′‐Dialkylureas. (1982)

Abstract Cyclische Thioharnstoffe (I) lassen sich durch sukzessive Alkylierung und Hydrolyse in die dialkylierten Derivate (IV) umwandeln.
A Practical Enzymatic Synthesis of UDP Sugars and NDP Glucoses (2005)

Mix and match. Nucleotide sugars are essential as glycoside donors to glycosyltransferases for the synthesis of bioactive metabolites. With 45 combinations of reactions with five NTPs and nine sugar-1-phosphates (Su1Ps) by recombinant UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase (UP) from Thermus caldophilus GK24, the enzyme showed broad substrate specificity toward five types of NTP with glucose-1-phosphate as well as four Su1Ps with UTP, affording all nine nucleotide sugars. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2268/2005/z500183_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Rational Improvement of the Affinity and Selectivity of Integrin Binding of Grafted Lasso Peptides (2014)

Integrins moderate diverse important functions in the human body and are promising targets in cancer therapy. Hence, the selective inhibition of specific integrins is of great medicinal interest. Here, we report the optimization of a grafted lasso peptide, yielding MccJ25(RGDF), which is a highly potent and selective αvβ3 integrin inhibitor. Furthermore, its NMR structure was elucidated and employed in a molecular dynamics approach, revealing information about the integrin binding mode and selectivity profile of MccJ25(RGDF).
Broad-band, large delay range, high precision, and variable analog delay lines for a high-frequency phased array beamformer (2014)

A set of prototype RF delay lines have been developed in order to meet the required bandwidth, delay accuracy, and delay range requirements for a previously developed 64 channel endoscopic phased array prototype. Each delay line is based on a planar PMN-32%PT pulse-echo transducer situated in a water bath, reflecting off a polished brass reflector. The pulse-echo transducers are mounted on individual in-house fabricated piezoelectric bimorphs, which are ‘simply’ supported. This creates an electronic delay time proportional to the distance between the single-element transducer and the reflecting surface in the water bath. When the physical length between the transducer and the reflecting surface is changed, the delay time also changes. A variable high voltage signal causes bimorph actuation and, in turn, the variable delays. The experimentally measured centre frequency and bandwidth for the pulse echo transducers was 45 MHz and 60% respectively. The pulse echo insertion loss without considering water attenuation or loss into the brass reflector was measured to be −20.8 dB, therefore one single low-noise amplifier with 20 dB gain was required for each delay line to have zero insertion loss. The signal-to-noise ratio was only decreased by 1.1dB with this amplifier in place. The total delay range measured by adjusting the bimorph voltage by +/− 80V was 1.4 µs, and the accuracy/repeatability of the pulse delay was less than 3ns. To date 16 channels of individually controlled parallel delays have been fabricated and the fabrication/testing of a full 64 channel system is ongoing.
Jet propulsion by microwave air plasma in the atmosphere (2020)

We propose a prototype design of a propulsion thruster that utilizes air plasma induced by microwave ionization. Such a jet engine simply uses only air and electricity to produce high temperature and pressurized plasma for jet propulsion. We used a home-made device to measure the lifting force and jet pressure at various settings of microwave power and the air flow rate. We demonstrated that, given the same power consumption, its propulsion pressure is comparable to that of conventional airplane jet engines using fossil fuels. Therefore, such a carbon-emission free thruster could potentially be used as a jet thruster in the atmosphere.
Functional recovery and neuroanatomical plasticity following middle cerebral artery occlusion and IN‐1 antibody treatment in the adult rat (2002)

Stroke is a prevalent and devastating disorder, and no treatment is currently available to restore lost neuronal function after stroke occurs. One unique therapy that may improve functional recovery after stroke is blockade of the neurite inhibitory protein Nogo-A with the monoclonal antibody IN-1, through enhancement of neuroanatomical plasticity from uninjured areas of the central nervous system. In the present study, we combined IN-1 treatment with an ischemic lesion (permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion) to determine the effect of Nogo-A neutralization on cortical plasticity and functional recovery. We report here that, following ischemic stroke and treatment with IN-1, adult rats demonstrated functional recovery on a forelimb-reaching task and new cortico-efferent projections from the opposite, unlesioned hemisphere. These results support the efficacy of Nogo-A blockade as a treatment for ischemic stroke and implicate plasticity from the unlesioned hemisphere as a mechanism for recovery.
A Performance Analysis of the Ammasso RDMA Enabled Ethernet Adapter and its iWARP API (2005)

Network speeds are increasing well beyond the capabilities of today's CPUs to efficiently handle the traffic. This bottleneck at the CPU causes the processor to spend more of its time handling communication and less time on actual processing. As network speeds reach 10 Gb/s and more, the CPU simply can not keep up with the data. Various methods have been proposed to solve this problem. High performance interconnects, such as Infiniband, have been developed that rely on RDMA and protocol offload in order to achieve higher throughput and lower latency. In this paper we evaluate the feasibility of a similar approach which, unlike existing high performance interconnects, requires no special infrastructure. RDMA over Ethernet, otherwise known as iWARP, facilitates the zero copy exchange of data over ordinary local area networks. Since it is based on TCP, iWARP enables RDMA in the wide area network as well. This paper provides a look into the performance of one of the earliest commodity implementations of this emerging technology, the Ammasso 1100 RNIC
Generation of a Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A Virus from an Avirulent Field Isolate by Passaging in Chickens (2001)

Highly virulent avian influenza viruses can arise from avirulent strains maintained in poultry, but evidence to support their generation from viruses in wild birds is lacking. The most likely mechanism for the acquisition of virulence by benign avian viruses is the introduction of mutations by error-prone RNA polymerase, followed by the selection of virulent viruses. To investigate whether this mechanism could apply to wild waterfowl, we studied an avirulent wild-swan virus that replicates poorly in chickens. After 24 consecutive passages by air sac inoculation, followed by five passages in chicken brain, the avirulent virus became highly pathogenic in chickens, producing a 100% mortality rate. Sequence analysis at the hemmaglutinin cleavage site of the original isolate revealed a typical avirulence type of sequence, R-E-T-R, which progressed incrementally to a typical virulence type of sequence, R-R-K-K-R, during repeated passages in chickens. These results demonstrate that avirulent viruses maintained in wild waterfowl in nature and bearing the consensus avirulence type sequence R-E-T-R have the potential to become highly pathogenic while circulating in chickens.
Epitaxial Growth of LiNbO<sub>3</sub> Films on Sapphire Substrates by Excimer Laser Ablation Method and Their Surface Acoustic Wave Properties (1993)

Epitaxial films of LiNbO 3 have been formed on (001), (110) and (012) sapphire substrates using an excimer-laser ablation technique. The orientation relationships are LiNbO 3 (001)//sapphire(001), LiNbO 3 (001)//sapphire(110) and LiNbO 3 (100)//sapphire(012). LiNbO 3 (110) is also obtained on (110) sapphire under the fast-deposition condition. We have fabricated surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters on the LiNbO 3 films and evaluated the properties.
Efficient Cost Allocation (2012)

Firms routinely allocate the costs of common corporate resources down to divisions. The main insight of this paper is that any efficient allocation rule must reflect the firm's underlying cost structure. We propose a new allocation rule (the polynomial rule), which achieves efficiency and approximate budget balance. Welfare losses due to linear allocation rules increase with firm size, so polynomial allocation rules dominate linear rules for larger firms. This paper was accepted by Mary E. Barth, accounting.
Optimization of Underlap Length for DGMOSFET and FinFET (2015)

From the commencement of CMOS scaling, the simple MOSFETs are not up to the performance due to the increased SCEs and leakage current. To slacken the SCEs and leakage currents, different types of structures i.e. Multi-Gate MOSFETs like DG, TG, FinFETs are introduced. Currently the Integrated Device Manufacturer (IDM), foundries and electronic design automation (EDA) companies grant more investments and emphasis on most promising Multi-Gate technology. In this, sensitivity of underlap length on DC and AC parameters like drain current, SS, transition frequency, delay, EDP etc. is studied for both the chosen devices i.e. DG MOSFET and FinFET. From our reported results, DG MOSFET is a good candidate for high current drivability whereas FinFET provides better immunity to leakage currents and hence improved delay, EDP over DG MOSFET. Furthermore, FinFET provides high value of transition frequency which indicates that it is faster than DG MOSFET.