gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protection against oxygen toxicity by intravenous injection of liposome-entrapped catalase and superoxide dismutase. (1984)

Survival of rats exposed to 100% oxygen was increased from 69.5 +/- 1.5 to 118.1 +/- 9.9 h (mean +/- SEM, P less than 0.05) when liposomes containing catalase and superoxide dismutase were injected intravenously before and during exposure. The increased survival time in 100% oxygen was also associated with significantly less fluid in the pleural cavity. Rats injected with catalase- and superoxide dismutase-containing liposomes, which had increased survival in 100% oxygen, had increased lung wet weight upon autopsy compared with saline-injected controls (2.9 +/- 0.2 g/lung vs. 4.8 +/- 0.4 g/lung, mean +/- SE, P less than 0.05). Intravenous injection of control liposomes along with catalase and superoxide dismutase in the suspending buffer decreased the mean pleural effusion volume 89% and had no significant effect on survival time. Lung catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were increased 3.1- and 1.7-fold, respectively, 2 h after a single intravenous injection of liposomes containing catalase or superoxide dismutase. Superoxide dismutase activity was also significantly greater than controls in both air- and 100% oxygen-exposed rat lungs, when enzyme activity was assayed 24 h after cessation of injection of control and oxygen-exposed rats with enzyme-containing liposomes every 12 h for 36 h. Free superoxide dismutase and catalase injected intravenously in the absence of liposomes did not increase corresponding lung enzyme activities, affect pleural effusion volume, lung wet weight, or extend the mean survival time of rats exposed to 100% oxygen. The clearance of liposome-augmented 125I-labeled catalase from lung and plasma obeyed first order kinetics according to a one-compartment model. When clearance of liposome-augmented catalase activity or radioactivity were the parameters used for pharmacokinetic studies, the half-life of augmented lung catalase was 1.9 and 2.6 h, respectively. The half-life of liposome-entrapped catalase and superoxide dismutase activity in the circulation was 2.5 and 4 h, respectively, while intravenously injected catalase and superoxide dismutase had a circulation half-life of 23 and 6 min, respectively.
Effect of Nontoxic Chemicals on Brown Spot Disease in Rice Seedlings (1979)

This article 'Effect of Nontoxic Chemicals on Brown Spot Disease in Rice Seedlings' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.
A Watershed Delineation Algorithm for 2D Flow Direction Grids (2017)

In this paper we propose an algorithm and associated data model for creating a watershed boundary using a 2D Flow Direction Grid. Flow Direction Grids (FDGs) are common abstractions for hydrodynamic models and are utilized for delineating physical systems (e.g. watersheds, fluvial, and non-fluvial flow paths). The proposed algorithm and associated data model provides geometric speed increases in watershed boundary retrieval while keeping storage constraints linear in comparison to existing techniques. The algorithm called Haag Shokoufandehs' March (HSM) relies on an existing data structure, the modified nested set model, originally described by Celko and applied to hydrodynamic models by Haag and Shokoufandeh in 2017. The proposed algorithm creates watershed boundaries by marching around the edges of its' corresponding region, never entering the internal area. In contrast to existing algorithms that scales in proportional to the area of the underlying region, the complexity of the HSM algorithm is proportional to the boundary length. Results for a group of tested watersheds (n = 14,718) in the approximately 36,000 km^2 Delaware River Watershed show a reduction of between 0 and 99% in computational complexity using a 30 m DEM vs. existing techniques. Larger watersheds have a consistent reduction in the number of (read) operation complexity, with the largest watershed resulting in approximately 35 million reads using traditional techniques compared to approximately 45 thousand using the HSM algorithm, respectively. Modelled estimates of the complexity for the approximately 6.1 million km^2 Amazon River basin show a reduction from 6.7 billion to 1.4 million reads.
The intelligent solution: automation, the skills shortage and cyber-security (2018)

A Las Vegas hacking event in 2016, the Cyber Grand Challenge, was the ultimate – and only – all-machine hacking competition. 1 Each machine identified software vulnerabilities, exploited them and patched their own systems to protect against threats – all without the intervention of a human programmer. Could this be the future of information security? And in particular, could it address the infamous skills shortage? The lack of security skills in the IT industry is in part because professionals in this field work long hours and require patience, resources, knowledge and experience Unfortunately, the cyber-security talent pool simply isn't wide enough to meet these needs. Graham Smith of Curo Talent discusses how AI and automation might relieve some of the pressure, automating the longwinded and repetitive tasks that are currently filling the workflows of IT teams, such as testing, basis threat analysis and data deception tactics.
Expression of wild-type p53 increases etoposide cytotoxicity in M1 myeloid leukemia cells by facilitated G2 to M transition: implications for gene therapy. (1997)

We have evaluated the role of p53 in the induction of cell death by the DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor etoposide in M1 myeloid leukemia cells. Three different clones of M1 cells were used: S6, which lacks p53; Phe-132, which expresses mutant p53 constitutively; and LTR-13, which expresses mutant protein at 37 degrees C and wild-type p53 at 32 degrees C. As described previously, LTR-13 cells undergo rapid apoptosis upon induction of wild-type p53 at 32 degrees C. Multiparameter flow cytometric analysis showed that etoposide treatment (0.5 microg/ml) of all three cell lines at 37 degrees C is associated with a block in the G2 phase of the cell cycle, whereas the cells preferentially die out of the next S phase. Induction of wild-type p53 in LTR-13 cells is associated with a loss of cells in late S and G2-M phase, and the cells die out of the early S phase. Interestingly, the simultaneous induction of apoptosis by both pathways (wild-type p53 and etoposide) leads to suppression of the etoposide-induced G2 block. To determine the effect of p53 on the G2 to M transition, LTR-13 cells were incubated with etoposide for 24 h at 37 degrees C and then either maintained for an additional 12 h at 37 degrees C or shifted to 32 degrees C to activate wild-type p53. The expression of wild-type p53 resulted in an increase in mitosis-specific phosphorylation, as determined by the MPM-2 antibody as well as the formation of mitotic spindles. This was associated with an important augmentation of the cytotoxic effect of etoposide. In contrast, a similar temperature shift of Phe-132 cells, which express mutant p53, had no effect on either immunostaining with MPM-2 or the cytotoxicity. Taken together, our results indicate that wild-type p53 can override the etoposide-induced G2 block in at least some cell types. These data propose a new role for p53 in the cell death induced by chemotherapeutic agents and may have important implications for gene therapy.
REfactor-ing content overhearing to improve wireless performance (2011)

Many systems have leveraged the broadcast nature of wireless radios to improve wireless capacity and performance. While conventional approaches have focused on overhearing entire packets, recent designs have argued that focusing on overheard content may be more effective. Unfortunately, key design choices in these approaches limit them from fully leveraging the benefits of overhearing content. We propose a cleaner refactoring of functionality where-in overhearing is realized at the sub-packet payload level through the use of IP-layer redundancy elimination. We show that this dramatically improves the effectiveness of prior overhearing based approaches and enables new designs, e.g., enhanced network coding, where content overhearing can be more effectively integrated to improve performance. Realizing the benefits of IP-layer content overhearing requires us to overcome challenges arising from the probabilistic nature of wireless reception (which could lead to inconsistent state) and the limited resources on wireless devices. We overcome these challenges through careful data structure and wireless redundancy elimination designs. We evaluate the effectiveness of our system using experimentation on real traces. We find that our design is highly effective: e.g., it can improve goodput by nearly 25% and air time utilization by nearly 20%.
L-Methionine Suppresses Pathological Sequelae of <i>cis</i>-Platinum in the Rat (1990)

L-Methionine Suppresses Pathological Sequelae of cis-Platinum in the Rat. BASINGER, M. A., JONES, M. M., AND HOLSCHER, M. A. (1990). Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 14, 568–577. The pathological changes characteristically observed in the kidney, bone marrow, thymus, spleen, and duodenum of the rat given 12.2 mg/kgofc/5-platinum(CDDP)ip are reduced or eliminated when a CDDP solution containing a 20-fold excess of L-methionine to c/s-platinum is administered. L-Methionine was also effective in reducing the renal toxicity induced by CDDP when given orally 20 min before the iv administration of 7.5 mg CDDP/kg. L-Methionine did not compromise the efficacy of CDDP when the antitumor activity of the combination of L-methio-nine and CDDP was measured against the Walker 256 carcinosarcoma in the rat. No significant reduction in the antitumor activity of the CDDP resulted from the parenteral administration of L-Methionine when evaluated against the L1210 murine leukemia. The oral administration of L-methionine (500 mg/kg) 30 min after the administration of CDDP has no significant effect on the antitumor activity of CDDP in mice bearing the L1210 murine leukemia. The results suggest that L-methionine may have some practical utility in the control of certain aspects of CDDP toxicity.
Design of online aging sensor architecture for mixed-signal intergrated circuit (2013)

Electronic systems such as used in automotive or industrial applications require highly reliable micro-electronic systems, especially ASICs. This paper presents a novel aging sensor architecture which monitors the degradation of the digital and analog circuit in operation so as to achieve triggering of a failure warning a certain time distance ahead of the wearout region of an IC. The proposed programmable guardband interval in monitor provides various prediction levels of aging time step and also more resilient detection on temperature, supply voltage and process variations. Various simulation results are presented using a 0.15μm CMOS standard process and show that the new on-line failure prediction circuit is very useful for safety or mission critical applications.
Anti-Sa antibody is an accurate diagnostic and prognostic marker in adult rheumatoid arthritis. (1999)

To evaluate in various groups of patients with chronic joint disease the sensitivity and specificity of anti-Sa antibody, recently described in sera from adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA); and to determine the prognostic significance of anti-Sa in initial sera from patients with long standing RA with or without severe joint destruction.Serum samples from 489 patients were included. Of these, 154 were collected from patients with RA attending 2 rheumatology units. Controls were 335 patients with a variety of inflammatory joint diseases other than RA. IgG anti-Sa was detected using an immunoblotting method with purified Sa antigen from human placenta extracts. All patients were tested for the following antibodies: rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-keratin antibody (AKA), antiperinuclear factor (APF), and anti-RA 33. HLA class II DRB alleles were also determined.Anti-Sa was detected in 39.8% of RA sera overall, 46.7% of sera from the long standing RA group, and 23.5% of sera from the recent onset RA group (p<0.01). In patients with long standing RA, statistically significant associations were found between the presence of anti-Sa and the following variables: RF (p<0.0001), AKA (p<0.0001), APF (p<0.00001), and HLA DRB1*04 or 01 (p<0.01). In contrast, no association was found with anti-RA33. Anti-Sa was positive in 11 adult controls (7.8%) and in 26 pediatric patients with juvenile chronic arthritis (22%). The specificity of anti-Sa for RA was 92.1% in adults with well characterized rheumatic diseases and 85.9% in adults and children together. Among patients with long standing RA, those with destructive disease were more likely to test positive for anti-Sa (66.6%) than those with nondestructive disease (22.2%) (p<0.0001). Comparisons with other serologic markers for RA demonstrated that anti-Sa was sensitive (68.4%) and was also the test with the highest specificity (79%), positive predictive value (75%), and negative predictive value (71%) for discriminating between patients who do and those that do not develop late severe radiographic damage.Immunoblot-detected IgG anti-Sa is a sensitive serologic marker for RA patients with severe radiographic damage.
Development of Dressing-Fluid Circulation In-Process Dressing Method for Super Abrasive Wheel (2nd Report) (2009)

In the previous report, the new type of dressing method (SADFC dressing method), in which the bond is removed efficiently by circulating the dressing fluid into the contact area between the wheel and the rectangular column type of dressing stick is devised. Using the new dressing method, furthermore, the in-process dressing system in which the dressing fluid is circulated during the grinding operation is manufactured on trial and generally ascertained useful. In the report, the bond removal mechanism in the new dressing and the adequacy of excluding operation of dressing abrasives into wheel-workpiece contact zone are investigated. The dressing force in the new dressing method is much smaller than the popular dressing method in which dressing is done by pressing dressing stick to the wheel. The bond removal is done under a slight fracture and/or fall-off of CBN grains due to small dressing forces to those. The effect of cleaning nozzle used for excluding operation of dressing abrasives into wheel-workpiece contact zone becomes lower for lower table speed in plunge surface grinding. The setting position of cleaning nozzle influences on the effect of excluding operation.
Intracellular targetting signals of polymeric immunoglobulin receptors are highly conserved between species (1989)

A rat liver cDNA library, constructed in the plasmid expression vector pUEX, was immunoscreened using a rabbit polyclonal antiserum raised against rat liver Golgi membrane proteins. A sub-set of isolated clones were shown to encode the rat polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR). DNA sequence analysis of these clones provided the complete coding sequence of rat pIgR. Subsequent alignment of rat, rabbit and human predicted amino acid sequences demonstrated that the greatest degree of homology between the three pIgRs lies in their cytoplasmic tails; a region previously shown to be important for correct targetting and trancytosis of rabbit pIgR [(1984) Nature 308, 37-43].
On Quantile Regression in Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces with Data Sparsity Constraint (2020)

For spline regressions, it is well known that the choice of knots is crucial for the performance of the estimator. As a general learning framework covering the smoothing splines, learning in a Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS) has a similar issue. However, the selection of training data points for kernel functions in the RKHS representation has not been carefully studied in the literature. In this paper we study quantile regression as an example of learning in a RKHS. In this case, the regular squared norm penalty does not perform training data selection. We propose a data sparsity constraint that imposes thresholding on the kernel function coefficients to achieve a sparse kernel function representation. We demonstrate that the proposed data sparsity method can have competitive prediction performance for certain situations, and have comparable performance in other cases compared to that of the traditional squared norm penalty. Therefore, the data sparsity method can serve as a competitive alternative to the squared norm penalty method. Some theoretical properties of our proposed method using the data sparsity constraint are obtained. Both simulated and real data sets are used to demonstrate the usefulness of our data sparsity constraint.
Congenital Adrenocortical Tumor in an Asymptomatic Neonate with Positive Newborn Screen for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Case Report (2017)

Adrenocortical tumors (ACTs) are rare in childhood, particularly in the neonatal period. ACTs in children usually secrete hormones that can cause virilization, precocious puberty, or Cushing syndrome. However, in many cases the diagnosis is delayed because of the generally healthy appearance of the child and the lack of a palpable abdominal mass. ACTs can also be misdiagnosed as congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) especially if 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) is elevated. We describe a case of neonatal ACT diagnosed in an asymptomatic newborn with positive/elevated 17-OHP on newborn screening. On examination there were no signs of virilization, Cushing syndrome, hemihypertrophy, or hypertension, and there was no palpable abdominal mass. While awaiting confirmatory results of an elevated 17-OHP level, an abnormally low adrenocorticotropic hormone level was noted. Abdominal ultrasound, obtained to evaluate the adrenal glands, showed a right adrenal mass with peripheral calcification. MRI revealed a 3.6 x 3.5 x 3.4 cm heterogeneously enhancing ovoid mass in the right adrenal gland. Diagnosis of an ACT was also confirmed by laboratory data, and histopathology of the tumor. Surgical resection was safely performed with perioperative steroid replacement. Genetic analysis of CYP21A2 and CYP11B1 genes was negative. A germ-line point mutation in the TP53 region was discovered, suggesting Li-Fraumeni syndrome. ACTs should be considered in the differential diagnosis of neonates with elevated 17-OHP detected by newborn screening for CAH. Adrenal ultrasound is recommended in cases of significantly abnormal CAH screen results to rule out or treat adrenal neoplasms.
Una nueva designación del administrador concursal con muchos interrogantes (2014)

El presente articulo tiene como objeto cuestionar, de manera constructiva, los aspectos mas relevantes de la referida modificacion del regimen juridico de la Administracion Concursal, la cual presenta diversos claroscuros, asi como lanzar propuestas para el futuro reglamento que debe desarrollar varios de los preceptos modificados.
Presence and severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a large prospective primary care cohort (2011)

NAFLD is the commonest cause of incidental LFT abnormalities in primary care (26.4%), of whom 7.6% have advanced fibrosis as calculated by the NFS. This study is the first of its kind to highlight the burden of NAFLD in primary care and provide data on disease severity in this setting.
Elektrotechnik (1986)

Das Zeitalter der Elektrotechnik, in dem wir heute leben, ist unlöslich verknüpft mit physikalischen Forschungen und Entdeckungen. Voraussetzung für einen ständigen Fortschritt der Elektrotechnik ist es, durch Veröffentlichungen die Ergebnisse wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse weiterzugeben. Hierzu genügt es nicht nur, Denkansatz, Rechnungsgang und Ergebnisse in exakt wissenschaftlicher Form für die Fachwelt zu veröffentlichen, sondern die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse sind auch in einer anschaulichen, allgemeinverständlichen Darstellung einem technisch interessierten Leserkreis zugänglich zu machen; sie müssen darüber hinaus in physikalisch einwandfreier Wiedergabe in der Lehre zur Verfügung stehen, um den Nachwuchs anzuregen, die Entwicklung weiterzutreiben. Voraussetzung für die in ständigem Fortschreiten begriffene wissenschaftliche Forschung ist daher die möglichst schnelle und umfassende Veröffentlichung ihrer Ergebnisse, eine verantwortliche Aufgabe für jeden wissenschaftlichen Verlag. Hierbei ist es besonders wichtig, sowohl in bezug auf die Forschungsrichtung als auch in bezug auf die Darstellungsart des Verfassers das richtige Fingerspitzengefühl zu haben, zumal für den Verlag auch wirtschaftliche Gesichtspunkte nicht vernachlässigt werden dürfen. Nach kurzer Betrachtung der historischen Entwicklung der Elektrotechnik soll gezeigt werden, auf welche Weise dem Verlag B. G. Teubner die Lösung dieser Aufgabe gelungen ist.
Precision Templated Bottom-Up Multiprotein Nanoassembly through Defined Click Chemistry Linkage to DNA (2017)

We demonstrate an approach that allows attachment of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) to a defined residue in a protein of interest (POI) so as to provide optimal and well-defined multicomponent assemblies. Using an expanded genetic code system, azido-phenylalanine (azF) was incorporated at defined residue positions in each POI; copper-free click chemistry was used to attach exactly one ssDNA at precisely defined residues. By choosing an appropriate residue, ssDNA conjugation had minimal impact on protein function, even when attached close to active sites. The protein-ssDNA conjugates were used to (i) assemble double-stranded DNA systems with optimal communication (energy transfer) between normally separate groups and (ii) generate multicomponent systems on DNA origami tiles, including those with enhanced enzyme activity when bound to the tile. Our approach allows any potential protein to be simply engineered to attach ssDNA or related biomolecules, creating conjugates for designed and highly precise multiprotein nanoscale assembly with tailored functionality.
mRNA secondary structure optimization using a correlated stem–loop prediction (2013)

Secondary structure of messenger RNA plays an important role in the bio-synthesis of proteins. Its negative impact on translation can reduce the yield of protein by slowing or blocking the initiation and movement of ribosomes along the mRNA, becoming a major factor in the regulation of gene expression. Several algorithms can predict the formation of secondary structures by calculating the minimum free energy of RNA sequences, or perform the inverse process of obtaining an RNA sequence for a given structure. However, there is still no approach to redesign an mRNA to achieve minimal secondary structure without affecting the amino acid sequence. Here we present the first strategy to optimize mRNA secondary structures, to increase (or decrease) the minimum free energy of a nucleotide sequence, without changing its resulting polypeptide, in a time-efficient manner, through a simplistic approximation to hairpin formation. Our data show that this approach can efficiently increase the minimum free energy by >40%, strongly reducing the strength of secondary structures. Applications of this technique range from multi-objective optimization of genes by controlling minimum free energy together with CAI and other gene expression variables, to optimization of secondary structures at the genomic level.