gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Decreasing the apoptotic threshold of tumor cells through protein kinase C inhibition and sphingomyelinase activation increases tumor killing by ionizing radiation. (1997)

Approximately 30% of cancer deaths result from the failure to control local and regional tumors. The goal of radiotherapy is to maximize local and regional tumor cell killing while minimizing normal tissue destruction. Attempts to enhance radiation-mediated tumor cell killing using halogenated pyrimidines, antimetabolites, and other DNA-damaging agents or sensitizers of hypoxic tumor cells have met with only modest clinical success. In an unique strategy to modify tumor radiosensitivity, we used an inhibitor of the protein kinase C group A and B isoforms, chelerythrine chloride (chelerythrine), to enhance the killing effects of ionizing radiation (IR). Protein kinase C activity plays a central role in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Chelerythrine increases sphingomyelinase activity and enhances IR-mediated cell killing through induction of apoptotic tumor cell death in a radioresistant tumor model both in vitro and in vivo. Although previous reports have suggested that IR-mediated apoptosis correlates with tumor volume reduction, we demonstrate for the first time that lowering the apoptotic threshold increases tumor cell killing in vivo.
Tanscriptomic Study of the Soybean-Fusarium virguliforme Interaction Revealed a Novel Ankyrin-Repeat Containing Defense Gene, Expression of Whose during Infection Led to Enhanced Resistance to the Fungal Pathogen in Transgenic Soybean Plants (2016)

Fusarium virguliforme causes the serious disease sudden death syndrome (SDS) in soybean. Host resistance to this pathogen is partial and is encoded by a large number of quantitative trait loci, each conditioning small effects. Breeding SDS resistance is therefore challenging and identification of single-gene encoded novel resistance mechanisms is becoming a priority to fight this devastating this fungal pathogen. In this transcriptomic study we identified a few putative soybean defense genes, expression of which is suppressed during F. virguliforme infection. The F. virguliforme infection-suppressed genes were broadly classified into four major classes. The steady state transcript levels of many of these genes were suppressed to undetectable levels immediately following F. virguliforme infection. One of these classes contains two novel genes encoding ankyrin repeat-containing proteins. Expression of one of these genes, GmARP1, during F. virguliforme infection enhances SDS resistance among the transgenic soybean plants. Our data suggest that GmARP1 is a novel defense gene and the pathogen presumably suppress its expression to establish compatible interaction.
Weighted fuzzy mean filters for heavy-tailed noise removal (2002)

A new fuzzy filter, called weighted fuzzy mean (WFM) filter is proposed and analyzed in this paper. The WFM filter is powerful for removing heavy additive impulse noises from images. By the filtering of each WFM filter, the filtered output signal is the mean value of the corrupted signals in a sample matrix, and these signals are weighted respectively by a membership grade of an associated fuzzy number stored in a knowledge base. The knowledge base contains a set of fuzzy numbers decided by experts or derived from the histogram of referred image. When the probability of occurrence of mixed impulse noises is over 0.3, the WFM filter can recover the noise-corrupted image quite well in contrast with the conventional filters, for examples, the median filters, nonlinear mean filters, RCRS, WOS, CWM, and stack filters, based on the mean absolute error (MAE) and mean square error (MSE) criteria. Besides, on the subjective evaluation of filtered images, the WFM filter results in a higher quality of global restoration.
Potential of Host Serum Protein Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Tuberculous Meningitis in Children (2019)

<b>Background:</b> Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most severe form of tuberculosis and results in high morbidity and mortality in children. Diagnostic delay contributes to the poor outcome. There is an urgent need for new tools for the rapid diagnosis of TBM, especially in children. <b>Methods:</b> We collected serum samples from children in whom TBM was suspected at a tertiary hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. Children were subsequently classified as having TBM or no TBM using a published uniform research case-definition. Using a multiplex cytokine array platform, we investigated the concentrations of serum biomarkers comprising biomarkers that were previously found to be of value in the diagnosis of adult pulmonary TB (CRP, SAA, CFH, IFN-γ, IP-10, Apo-AI, and transthyretin) plus other potentially useful host biomarkers as diagnostic candidates for TBM. <b>Findings:</b> Out of 47 children included in the study, 23 (48.9%) had a final diagnosis of TBM and six were HIV infected. A modified version of the adult 7-marker biosignature in which transthyretin was replaced by NCAM1, diagnosed TBM in children with AUC of 0.80 (95% CI, 0.67-0.92), sensitivity of 73.9% (95% CI, 51.6-89.8%) and specificity of 66.7% (95% CI, 44.7-84.4%), with the other six proteins in the signature (CRP, IFN-γ, IP-10, CFH, Apo-A1, and SAA) only achieving and AUC of 0.75 (95% CI, 0.61-0.90) when used in combination. A new childhood TBM specific 3-marker biosignature (adipsin, Aβ42, and IL-10) showed potential in the diagnosis of TBM, with AUC of 0.84 (95% CI, 0.73-0.96), sensitivity of 82.6% (95 CI, 61.2-95.0%) and specificity of 75.0% (95% CI, 53.3-90.2%) after leave-one-out cross validation. <b>Conclusion:</b> A previously described adult 7-marker serum protein biosignature showed potential in the diagnosis of TBM in children. However, a smaller childhood TBM-specific 3-marker signature demonstrated improved performance characteristics. Our data indicates that blood-based biomarkers may be useful in the diagnosis of childhood TBM and requires further validation in larger cohort studies.
Root-Contact/Pressure-Plate Assembly For Hydroponic System (1994)

Hydroponic system includes growth channels equipped with rootcontact/pressure-plate assemblies. Pump and associated plumbing circulate nutrient liquid from reservoir, along bottom of growth channels, and back to reservoir. Root-contact/pressure-plate assembly in each growth channel stimulates growth of roots by applying mild contact pressure. Flat plate and plate connectors, together constitute pressure plate, free to move upward to accommodate growth of roots. System used for growing sweetpotatoes and possibly other tuber and root crops.
Application of Lock-in-Thermography for 3d defect localisation in complex devices (2008)

This paper presents the application of lock-in-thermography (LIT) for localisation of electrical defects in fully packaged microelectronic and microsystem devices. It will be shown that inner electrical defects like shorts and resistive opens can be found in a nondestructive way by thermal imaging of the device surface. 3-dimensional localisation of inner defects can be enabled by measuring the phase shift between the electrical excitation and the thermal response at the surface using LIT. In addition, thermal simulations were used calculating phase shifts depending on mold compound thickness above an inner heat point source. The calculated data were compared to experimental results. Furthermore, the essential influence of the Lock-in-frequency for optimization of spatial resolution and sensitivity will be discussed.
Broad-spectrum inhibition of coronavirus main and papain-like proteases by HCV drugs (2020)

<title>Abstract</title> Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 has led to over 200,000 deaths thus far. We screened a library of approved antiviral drugs against the two SARS-CoV-2 proteases, 3C-like/main protease (3CLpro/Mpro) and papain-like protease (PLpro), which are essential for viral replication and attractive drug targets. Three HCV protease inhibitors were tested and found to inhibit 3CLpro and PLpro enzymes from Alpha-, Beta- and Gamma-coronaviruses. Anti-HIV drugs had no activity. Boceprevir and telaprevir inhibited 3CLpro, with boceprevir inhibiting eight of nine coronavirus 3CLpro enzymes tested including from SARS-CoV-2, MERS and SARS-CoV. Asunaprevir inhibited PLpro from SARS-CoV-2 and four other coronaviruses. The 1.4 Å X-ray structure of boceprevir bound to 3CLpro was determined to explain its broad-spectrum activity and guide structure-based design of inhibitors of multiple coronaviruses.Authors Brandon J. Anson, Mackenzie E. Chapman, and Emma K. Lendy contributed equally to this work.
Method for Fabricating Composite Structures Including Continuous Press Forming and Pultrusion Processing (1995)

A method for fabricating composite structures at a low-cost, moderate-to-high production rate is disclosed. A first embodiment of the method includes employing a continuous press forming fabrication process. A second embodiment of the method includes employing a pultrusion process for obtaining composite structures. The methods include coating yarns with matrix material, weaving the yarn into fabric to produce a continuous fabric supply, and feeding multiple layers of net-shaped fabrics having optimally oriented fibers into a debulking tool to form an undebulked preform. The continuous press forming fabrication process includes partially debulking the preform, cutting the partially debulked preform, and debulking the partially debulked preform to form a netshape. An electron-beam or similar technique then cures the structure. The pultrusion fabric process includes feeding the undebulked preform into a heated die and gradually debulking the undebulked preform. The undebulked preform in the heated die changes dimension until a desired cross-sectional dimension is achieved. This process further includes obtaining a net-shaped infiltrated uncured preform, cutting the uncured preform to a desired length, and electron-beam curing (or similar technique) the uncured preform. These fabrication methods produce superior structures formed at higher production rates, resulting in lower cost and high structural performance.
Groove Radio (2017)

This paper describes an algorithm designed for Microsoft's Groove music service, which serves millions of users world wide. We consider the problem of automatically generating personalized music playlists based on queries containing a ``seed'' artist and the listener's user ID. Playlist generation may be informed by a number of information sources including: user specific listening patterns, domain knowledge encoded in a taxonomy, acoustic features of audio tracks, and overall popularity of tracks and artists. The importance assigned to each of these information sources may vary depending on the specific combination of user and seed~artist.
Integrating INS sensors with GPS velocity measurements for continuous estimation of vehicle sideslip and tire cornering stiffness (2001)

This paper details a unique method for measuring key vehicle states-body sideslip angle, and tire sideslip angle-using GPS velocity information in conjunction with other sensors. A method for integrating inertial navigation system (INS) sensors with GPS measurements to provide higher update rate estimates of the vehicle states is presented. Additionally, it is shown that the tire sideslip estimates can be used to estimate the tire cornering stiffnesses. The experimental results for the GPS velocity-based sideslip angle measurement and cornering stiffness estimates compare favorably to theoretical predictions, suggesting that this technique has merit for future implementation in vehicle safety systems.
Top-down fabrication of large-area GaN micro- and nanopillars (2013)

Large-area gallium nitride (GaN) micro- and nanopillar (NP) arrays were fabricated by plasma etching of lithographically patterned GaN thin-film grown on Si substrate. Deep-ultraviolet lithography, inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching, and subsequent chemical treatments were effectively utilized to fabricate GaN pillars with diameters ranging from 250 nm to 10 μm. The impact of various plasma etching process parameters and chemical etchants on the morphology, strain, and surface defects of these NPs were studied using scanning-electron microscopy, photoluminescence (PL), and Raman spectroscopy. It was found that the shape of the NPs can be controlled by the substrate temperature during the plasma etch and by using different gas chemistries. Room-temperature PL and Raman spectroscopy measurements revealed significant strain relaxation in 250 nm diameter pillars as compared to 10 μm diameter pillars. PL measurement also indicated that the surface damage from the plasma etch can be removed by etching in KOH-ethylene glycol solution. Post-ICP selective wet chemical etch enabled us to fabricate functional structures such as micro- and nanodisks of GaN, which potentially could be utilized in nitride-based resonators and lasers.
When triggers become tigers: taming the autonomic nervous system via sensory support system modulation (2021)

Personalized recovery technologies may enable individuals with Substance Use Disorder (SUD) to monitor and manage acute craving and drug use urges in ways that improve drug-seeking decisions in real-time. Direct and indirect regulation of the autonomic nervous system through sensory input monitoring and modulation may enhance control over behavioral decisions and prevent relapse. A personalized sensory support system that monitors neurophysiological reactivity and offers non-pharmacological point-in-time personalized digital interventions may increase awareness of and control over craving reactivity. It is critical to be able to detect these warning signs and intervene early and effectively. The use of wearable technologies that assess point-in-time neurophysiological escalation and shape behavioral responses through personalized interventions could be transformative in allowing individuals to better manage their recovery as they transition out of institutions and move back into community settings.
Exciton-laser amplifier. Interim technical report (1982)

A laser-amplifying device is described which is based on the stimulated decay of excitons in a pure crystal. An estimate is made of the gain of the device. At a typical frequency the gain is found to be appreciably large thus suggesting practical application of the laser amplifier.
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐(Aminoalkyl)‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐5H‐(1)benzopyrano(3,4‐c)pyridin‐5‐ones as Potential Anticholinergic Bronchodilators. (1989)

Abstract The synthesis of the title compounds (V) is performed via Pechman condensation of phenols such as (I) with the oxopiperidinecarboxylate (II) followed by N‐alkylation of (III) with the β‐chloroamines (IV).
Applied linguistics: Optimization of semantic relations by data aggregation techniques (1985)

Abstract After a short methodological presentation of similarity aggregation in automatic classification, we will present an application to computational linguistics. We will try to explain, from an existing dictionary of synonyms, how we have defined what was, in our opinion, the meaning of the synonymous relation we wanted to reveal in a new optimized dictionary, transformed the existing dictionary into a sequence of matrices of synonymy, checked with an adapted algorithm (similarity aggregation technique) if the links appearing in the existing dictionary corresponded to our synonymy definition, tried to improve the synonymous relation, in order to propose more accurate data facilitating the management of a new dictionary and providing a classification of synonyms according to a semic separate valuation.
The streak camera development program at LLE (2005)

The Diagnostic Development Group at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics has endeavored to build a stand-alone, remotely operated streak camera with comprehensive auto-focus and self-calibration capability. Designated as the Rochester Optical Streak System (ROSS), it is a generic streak camera platform, capable of accepting a variety of streak tubes. The system performance is limited by the installed tube's electron optics, not by any camera subsystem. Moreover, the ROSS camera can be photometrically calibrated.
A radio-frequency CMOS active inductor and its application in designing high-Q filters (2004)

An all-transistor CMOS active inductor with a self-resonance frequency f/sub R/=5.7 GHz is presented. Large f/sub R/ is achieved by forming an all-NMOS signal path. The measured quality factor, Q, is as high as 665, but Q can be infinite theoretically. Both f/sub R/ and Q are tunable via biasing and on-chip varactors. As an example for using the active inductor, a high-Q bandpass filter for radio-frequency applications is designed. The inductor circuit was implemented in TSMC 0.18-/spl mu/m standard digital CMOS technology and occupies an area of 26.6 /spl mu/m/spl times/30 /spl mu/m including double guardrings. For a supply voltage of 1.8 V, the circuit consumes 4.4 mW, and IIP3 is measured at V/sub pp/=270 mV.
Transmission/reflection analysis for distributed optical fibre loss sensor interrogation (2002)

A novel interrogation method for fibre optic loss sensors based on the analysis of transmitted and reflected powers of a continuous wave light source is presented. The position of the loss region is determined from unique dependencies between normalised powers for different locations of the disturbance along the fibre containing a number of Bragg gratings.
An accelerated recurrent network training algorithm (2002)

There have been extensive efforts to develop training algorithms for recurrent neural networks. A variety of algorithms have been developed, but still recurrent network training is plagued by slow convergence. The goal of this paper is to develop a new algorithm that is based on approximating the direction of the error gradient. The new algorithm has lower computational complexity in computing the weight update than the competing techniques for most typical problems. In addition, it reaches the error minimum in a much smaller number of iterations. Typically, it reaches the minimum within only about 5 or 10 iterations, compared to around a 1000 iterations or so for the competing techniques.
Low-frequency moiré fringes synthesize by mutual correlation for resolution enhancement in structured illumination digital holographic microscopy (2017)

This study employed the mutual correlation to perform low-frequency moiré fringes synthesize for resolution enhancement in structured illumination digital holographic microscopy. The correlation peak with different angular displacements is capable of determining phase matching performance.
Safe Reinforcement Learning on Autonomous Vehicles (2018)

There have been numerous advances in reinforcement learning, but the typically unconstrained exploration of the learning process prevents the adoption of these methods in many safety critical applications. Recent work in safe reinforcement learning uses idealized models to achieve their guarantees, but these models do not easily accommodate the stochasticity or high-dimensionality of real world systems. We investigate how prediction provides a general and intuitive framework to constraint exploration, and show how it can be used to safely learn intersection handling behaviors on an autonomous vehicle.
Modification of endometrial cell biology using progesterone antagonists to manipulate the implantation window (1994)

The preimplantation effects of progesterone antagonists on the cell biology of the endometrium, corpus luteum function and interactions between these two organs have been studied. The antagonists lilopristone (ZK 98.734) and onapristone (ZK 98.299) were initially given per os to rabbits early or late in pseudopregnancy in combination with human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG). These protocols were then modified to include hysterectomy or luteotrophic support with 17 beta-oestradiol. Given alone, the antagonists gave rise to endometrial regression (inhibition of epithelial proliferation and differentiation, increase of apoptosis). The simultaneous addition of oestradiol did not alter these findings. A rapid luteolysis occurred when the antagonists were given in late pseudopregnancy, but not if combined with oestradiol or hysterectomy. The endometrium was capable of renewal and of sustaining implantation if the corpora lutea survived or oestradiol was administered, and transferred blastocysts displayed normal implantation and normal embryonic development. These events did not occur when the antagonists were given during late pseudopregnancy without any steroid supplement. Progesterone antagonists can evidently exert a direct inhibitory effect on the endometrium, possibly with a later indirect luteolytic effect via endometrial mediators. Simultaneous addition of a proper luteotrophic signal results in corpora lutea which are refractory to lysis, so revealing a potential functional dissociation between endometrium and corpus luteum. The endometrium has the capacity to differentiate normally after an interrupted transformation and becomes receptive and sustains normal pregnancy, due to an expanded lifespan of the corpora lutea and a transposition of the implantation window. Uterine secretions from patients undergoing in-vitro fertilization, collected at the onset of the luteal phase, were evaluated by SDS-PAGE densitometry. The protein profiles gave indications of an adequate luteal phase pattern and of a receptive preimplantation phase. These results open the prospect of manipulating the human implantation window.
New Fluorinated Pyrrolidine and Azetidine Amides as Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitors. (2006)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A new unit cell design with automatic input stage selection capability for increased SNR (2013)

This paper presents novel unit cell architecture for short wave infrared (SWIR) imaging applications. It has two input stages which are CTIA and SFD covering for both respectively low and high light levels and automatic input stage selection circuitry that chooses best input stage. A user can select 2 modes for FPA manual and automatic mode. In manual mode, user can set CTIA or SFD for all pixels according to user needs. In automatic mode, each pixel selects input stage itself according to light level. Automatic input stage selection for each pixel brings high SNR level and low noise along with highest possible dynamic range. Standard CMOS 0.18µm TSMC technology is used to realize unit cell. In the architecture of unit cell, circuit level techniques are used to optimize layout size.
A peptide for targeted, systemic delivery of imaging and therapeutic compounds into acute brain injuries (2016)

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health and socio-economic problem, but no pharmacological agent is currently approved for the treatment of acute TBI. Thus, there is a great need for advances in this field. Here, we describe a short peptide (sequence CAQK) identified by in vivo phage display screening in mice with acute brain injury. The CAQK peptide selectively binds to injured mouse and human brain, and systemically injected CAQK specifically homes to sites of brain injury in mouse models. The CAQK target is a proteoglycan complex upregulated in brain injuries. Coupling to CAQK increased injury site accumulation of systemically administered molecules ranging from a drug-sized molecule to nanoparticles. CAQK-coated nanoparticles containing silencing oligonucleotides provided the first evidence of gene silencing in injured brain parenchyma by systemically administered siRNA. These findings present an effective targeting strategy for the delivery of therapeutics in clinical management of acute brain injuries.