gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improved selective logging detection with Landsat images in tropical regions (2003)

Logging is a major form of forest degradation in the tropical regions like Brazilian Amazon. It alters the tropical habitat environments and results in release of carbons as well. The traditional way of logging is through forest clearing, which converts forest to other land uses such as agriculture or rangeland. Recently a new form of forest degradation is selective logging, removing only those good quality tree species. This form of deforestation does not result in land use conversion, but degradation. Logging by means of clear-cutting can be easily detected and monitored from satellite images such as those from Landsat sensors. However, detection and monitoring selective logging is difficult with satellite images because the process only removes a small number of trees per area, resulting in subtle disturbances but substantial removal of biomass. Therefore, traditional classification technique is unable to detect and monitor this type of disturbances effectively. In order to detect selective logging, and to better understand carbon sequestrations, a continuous field ought to be used that can quantify the degree of disturbances due to selective logging, instead of using binary classification techniques. In this paper, we used signal-unmixing techniques in a spectral vegetation index domain as a continuous field measure of forest density, with which selective logging is mapped and quantified. The spectral index used is the MSAVI further modified to enhance its sensitivity to subtle forest degradations in the tropical environments in Brazilian Amazon as well as in Southeast Asia.
Pyrones. VI. The total synthesis of phacidin (1980)

Phacidin (4-methoxy-6-nonanoyl-2H-pyran-2-one-3-carboxaldehyde) is synthesized from triacetic acid lactone in four steps.
Generation of synchronized, independently tunable 120-fs light pulses with optical parametric oscillators (1994)

We report the generation of powerful, widely tunable femtosecond radiation by parallel synchronous pumping of two singly resonant optical parametric oscillators with an additive-pulse mode-locked Nd:glass laser. For a single-pulse energy of 10 nJ, a tuning range of 0.9-1.5 microm is achieved with pulse durations of 120 +/- 20 and 200 +/- 20 fs. The time jitter is estimated to be +/-50 fs.
The Devonian sedimentation and tectonism of a rapidly subsiding, semi-arid fluvial basin in the Midland Valley of Scotland (1980)

Synopsis Early Devonian fluvial sedimentation took place in a large, late-orogenic basin bounded by actively-subsiding high-angled faults. Deposition of gravels and sands took place on mountain-fringing bajadas from sheetfloods and braided streams; sands, silts and clays were deposited in adjacent flood-plains. Basin-margin faults, notably the Highland Boundary Fault, controlled subsidence of an elongate depositional basin and when movement on these was sufficiently rapid, coalescing bajadas were constructed. When the rate of source area uplift/depositional basin subsidence decreased, the uplands were reduced and floodplains initially encroached on to the inactive bajadas before extending over the former source areas. The Devonian sedimentary rocks of the Midland Valley which accumulated under semi-arid conditions, indicate that varying rates of source uplift/depositional basin subsidence were the dominant controls influencing the nature of the depositional processes. Moreover the various vertical sequences of genetically-different deposits found in the study area also occur in other similar alluvial basin deposits and a model is formulated to demonstrate that these successions reflect a limited number of distinct evolutionary tectono-sedimentary sequences.
Nerve growth factor promotes expression of novel genes in intervertebral disc cells that regulate tissue degradation (2014)

Nerve growth factor has potential effects on matrix turnover activity and influences the catabolic/anabolic balance of IVD cells in an adverse way that may potentiate IVD degeneration. Anti-NGF treatment might be beneficial to ameliorate progressive tissue breakdown in IVD degeneration and may lead to pain relief.
A Proteomics-Based Analysis Reveals Predictive Biological Patterns in Fabry Disease (2020)

<i>Background</i>: Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked progressive lysosomal disease (LD) due to glycosphingolipid metabolism impairment. Currently, plasmatic globotriaosylsphingosine (LysoGb3) is used for disease diagnosis and monitoring. However, this biomarker is inconstantly increased in mild forms and in some female patients. <i>Materials and</i> <i>Methods</i>: We applied a targeted proteomic approach to explore disease-related biological patterns that might explain the disease pathophysiology. Forty proteins, involved mainly in inflammatory and angiogenesis processes, were assessed in 69 plasma samples retrieved from the French Fabry cohort (FFABRY) and from 83 healthy subjects. For predictive performance assessment, we also included other LD samples (Gaucher, Pompe and Niemann Pick C). <i>Results</i>: The study yielded four discriminant proteins that include three angiogenesis proteins (fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC)) and one cytokine interleukin 7 (IL-7). A clear elevation of FGF2 and IL-7 concentrations was observed in FD compared to other LD samples. No correlation was observed between these proteins and globotriaosylsphingosine (LysoGb3). A significant correlation exists between IL-7 and residual enzyme activity in a non-classical phenotype. This highlights the orthogonal biological information yielded by these proteins that might help in stratifying Fabry patients. <i>Conclusion</i>: This work highlights the potential of using proteomics approaches in exploring FD and enhancing FD diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring performances.
TLM Platform Based on SystemC for STARSoC Design Space Exploration (2008)

The increasing complexity of embedded systems imposes system designers to use higher levels of abstraction than RTL in order to model, validate and analyze a system performances. It permits to prevent costly redesign efforts at RTL, which can adversely affect time-to-market. For this purpose transaction level modeling (TLM) approach is used. It allows the designers to rapidly verify and develop their designs at earlier design stages. In this paper we define the methodology we used to construct the STARSoC (Synthesis Tool for Adaptive and Reconfigurable System-On-Chip) TLM simulation environment. This platform aims to provide a rapid and accurate design space exploration at higher levels of abstractions for multiprocessor system on chip architectures. The platform reference design contains several OpenRISC 1200 Instruction Set Simulators (ISSs) wrapped under SystemC, and some basic peripherals within the SystemC simulation framework. In order to assist the system designer to find the best MPSoC solution depending on the application, we used SystemC language for modeling and simulating the design. The platform includes models for OpenRISC ISSs, bus model based on wishbone protocol and memory models. The simulation is based on different high level of abstractions.
B7-H3 and B7-H4 are independent predictors of a poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer (2016)

B7-H3 and B7-H4 belong to the peripheral membrane protein B7 family and are hypothesized to regulate immunity. These proteins are expressed in human pancreatic cancer (PC), but their prognostic significance is poorly understood. The present study examined the association between B7-H3 and B7-H4 expression and the overall survival time in patients with PC that underwent surgery at the Second Affiliated Hospital to Zhengzhou University between April 2000 and January 2009. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that B7-H3 and B7-H4 were expressed in 35 (88%) and 30 (75%) tumor tissue samples, respectively, which were obtained from 40 patients with PC. Statistical analysis revealed that B7-H3 expression was associated with an early tumor-node-metastasis stage (stage I and II; P<0.01), and B7-H4 expression was associated with tumors located in the body and tail of the pancreas (P<0.01) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.02). In addition, using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the present study demonstrated a positive correlation between B7-H3 expression and B7-H4 expression (r=0.37; P=0.02) in tumor samples. B7-H4 expression (P=0.01), tumors located in the pancreatic body and tail (P<0.01), lymph node metastasis (P=0.02) and combined B7-H3 and B7-H4 expression (P<0.01) were indicators of a poor overall survival time. However, solitary B7-H4 expression (P=0.03) and combined B7-H3 and B7-H4 expression (P=0.04) remained significant prognostic factors following adjustment for other prognostic factors in a multivariate Cox's proportional hazards regression model. Therefore, the present results indicate that solitary B7-H4 expression and a combination of B7-H3 and B7-H4 expression are independent predictors of a poor prognosis in patients with PC.
Radar target classification of commercial aircraft (1996)

With the increased availability of coherent wideband radars there has been a renewed interest in radar target recognition. A large bandwidth gives high resolution in range which means target discrimination may be possible. Coherence makes cross-range resolution and radar images possible. Some of the problems of classifying high resolution range profiles (HRRPs) are examined and simple preprocessing techniques which may aid subsequent target classification are investigated. These techniques are applied to HRRP data acquired at a local airport using the Microwave Radar Division (MRD) mobile radar facility It is found that Boeing 727 and Boeing 737 aircraft can be reliably distinguished over a range of aspect angles. This augers well for future target classification studies using HRRPs.
A simple DNA stretching method for fluorescence imaging of single DNA molecules (2006)

Stretching or aligning DNA molecules onto a surface by means of molecular combing techniques is one of the critical steps in single DNA molecule analysis. However, many of the current studies have focused on lambda-DNA, or other large DNA molecules. There are very few studies on stretching methodologies for DNA molecules generated via PCR (typically smaller than 20 kb). Here we describe a simple method of stretching DNA molecules up to 18 kb in size on a modified glass surface. The very low background fluorescence allows efficient detection of single fluorescent dye labels incorporated into the stretched DNA molecules.
Probabilistic Expert Systems in Medicine: Practical Issues in Handling Uncertainty (1987)

The development of expert systems in medicine has generally been accompanied by a rejection of formal probabilistic methods for handling uncertainty. We argue that a coherent probabilistic approach can, if carefully applied, meet many of the practical demands being made, and briefly illustrate our claim with three current projects.
An Object Recognition and Identification System Using the Harris Corner Detection Method (2012)

This paper presents an object recognition and identification system using the Harris Corner Detection method. The process starts from imported images into the system by webcam, detected image edge by canny edge detection, recognized the object by Harris Corner Detection, and separated the objects by the robot arm. Three object types; triangle, rectangular and, rigid circle are used. The results showed that the objects can be isolated 94%, 95%, and 99% correct for triangular, rectangular, and rigid circle respectively.
Inversion of Upper Ocean Temperature Time Series for Entrainment, Advection, and Diffusivity (2000)

An inversion technique for estimating the terms of the oceanic near-surface heat transport is extended to include the vertical heat flux at the bottom of the surface mixed layer. The mixed-layer heat balance equation uses a conventional parameterization of the vertical heat flux via entrainment into the mixed layer of interior fluid during the mixed layer deepening. A heat conservation equation defined here for the sea temperature anomalies, deviations from the annual cycle, is driven by stochastic atmospheric forcing, thereby becoming essentially a stochastic partial differential equation. This equation is reduced to the regression estimator aimed on inversion of the sea temperature time series for the unknowns: vertical entrainment velocity, horizontal velocity and diffusivity, feedback factor, and atmospheric forcing parameter. The inversion scheme also involves the velocity divergence norm. The regression estimator is applied to the time series of vertical profiles of temperature anomalies compiled from the Comprehensive Ocean–Atmosphere Data Sets and the World Ocean Atlas 1994 on a 10-day mean basis over the spatial grid of 1° latitude × 2° longitude in two regions of the North Pacific: 1) near the ocean western boundary east of Japan and 2) between the Hawaiian islands and California. The inversion is implemented for winter data (December–March) from 1965 to 1990. The entrainment velocities are found to be of the order of 10−5 m s−1. The entrainment effect is particularly significant in the Kuroshio–Oyashio frontal zone. The model skill is also substantially enhanced in this region: the inversion yields more realistic features of the Kuroshio transport as compared with the authors’ previous study, which neglected the vertical heat flux.
The estrogenicity of bisphenol A-related diphenylalkanes with various substituents at the central carbon and the hydroxy groups. (1998)

The chemical structure of hydroxylated diphenylalkanes or bisphenols consists of two phenolic rings joined together through a bridging carbon. This class of endocrine disruptors that mimic estrogens is widely used in industry, particularly in plastics. Bisphenol F, bisphenol A, fluorine-containing bisphenol A (bisphenol AF), and other diphenylalkanes were found to be estrogenic in a bioassay with MCF7 human breast cancer cells in culture (E-SCREEN assay). Bisphenols promoted cell proliferation and increased the synthesis and secretion of cell type-specific proteins. When ranked by proliferative potency, the longer the alkyl substituent at the bridging carbon, the lower the concentration needed for maximal cell yield; the most active compound contained two propyl chains at the bridging carbon. Bisphenols with two hydroxyl groups in the para position and an angular configuration are suitable for appropriate hydrogen bonding to the acceptor site of the estrogen receptor. Our data suggest that estrogenicity is influenced not only by the length of the substituents at the bridging carbon but also by their nature. Because diphenylalkane derivatives are widespread and their production and use are increasing, potential exposure of humans to estrogenic bisphenols is becoming a significant issue. The hazardous effects of inadvertent exposure to bisphenol-releasing chemicals in professional workers and the general populations therefore deserve investigation.
Improved morphological top-hat (2000)

An improved morphological top-hat transform is presented which offers improved detection of light or dark image blobs in the presence of certain types of noise.
PRAS40 acts as a nodal regulator of high glucose‐induced TORC1 activation in glomerular mesangial cell hypertrophy (2010)

Diabetic nephropathy manifests aberrant activation of TORC1, which senses key signals to modulate protein synthesis and renal hypertrophy. PRAS40 has recently been identified as a raptor-interacting protein and is a component and a constitutive inhibitor of TORC1. The mechanism by which high glucose stimulates TORC1 activity is not known. PRAS40 was identified in the mesangial cells in renal glomeruli and in tubulointerstitium of rat kidney. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic renal hypertrophy was associated with phosphorylation of PRAS40 in the cortex and glomeruli. In vitro, high glucose concentration increased PRAS40 phosphorylation in a PI 3 kinase- and Akt-dependent manner, resulting in dissociation of raptor-PRAS40 complex in mesangial cells. High glucose augmented the inactivating and activating phosphorylation of 4EBP-1 and S6 kinase, respectively, with concomitant induction of protein synthesis and hypertrophy. Expression of TORC1-nonphosphorylatable mutant of 4EBP-1 and dominant-negative S6 kinase significantly inhibited high glucose-induced protein synthesis and hypertrophy. PRAS40 knockdown mimicked the effect of high glucose on phosphorylation of 4EBP-1 and S6 kinase, protein synthesis, and hypertrophy. To elucidate the role of PRAS40 phosphorylation, we used phosphorylation-deficient mutant of PRAS40, which in contrast to PRAS40 knockdown inhibited phosphorylation of 4EBP-1 and S6 kinase, leading to reduced mesangial cell hypertrophy. Thus, our data identify high glucose-induced phosphorylation and inactivation of PRAS40 as a central node for mesangial cell hypertrophy in diabetic nephropathy.
»…aus dem innern Leben geschöpft« (2022)

Vor 200 Jahren erschien die erste Auflage des Klassikers „Theodor oder des Zweiflers Weihe“ von W. M. L. de Wette, der bis heute als einer der wichtigsten theologischen Bildungs- und Lehrromane seiner Zeit gilt. Anlässlich der Jubiläums-Neuedition eröffnen die Beiträge des wissenschaftlichen Begleitbandes theologische, philosophische und literaturwissenschaftliche Zugänge zu den Hintergründen seiner Epoche und Wirkungsgeschichte. Im Mittelpunkt stehen dabei die Verbindungslinien zwischen Religion, Ästhetik und individueller Biographie im Blick auf die Bedeutung der ‚inneren Welt‘ gelebter Frömmigkeit in Geschichte und Gegenwart. Mit Beiträgen von Prof. Dr. Markus Buntfuß, Prof. Dr. Alf Christophersen, Prof. Dr. Ruth Conrad, Prof. Dr. Markus Iff, Prof. Dr. Jan Rohls, PD. Dr. Peter Schüz, Prof. Dr. Rolf Selbmann und Prof. Dr. Daniel Weidner.
5 MHz all-optical swept-source optical coherence tomography based on amplified dispersive Fourier transform (2013)

We demonstrate high-speed (5MHz) optical coherence tomography with a sensitivity of ~70dB using an all-optical swept-source (bandwidth of ~60 nm) based on amplified dispersive Fourier transform (ADFT).
Using pervasive computing to deliver elder care (2002)

The Elite Care Information Technology Group has deployed a system with many elements of pervasive computing, including portable and wearable devices and wireless networking, to create intelligent and responsive work and living spaces for the elderly in a residential setting. Elite Care based the setting's layout on an apartment complex rather than a hospital with its hallways and rooms. By using a social care model that has the staff making house calls rather than doctors making rounds, the residents continue to live as normally as they can. In this scheme, pervasive sensors and staff assist residents in maintaining their independence, offering assistance as necessary and using the pervasive sensors to monitor vital signs and health indicators. Elite Care has harnessed the technology in direct and important ways to construct a more humane and human world for its residents and staff.
Statistical process control in UK food production: an overview (1998)

Statistical process control (SPC) is a common feature of quality control in most high volume manufacturing processes. In the food industry, while there is no explicit compulsion for organisations to make use of SPC techniques, their usage can accrue the same benefits as in other industry sectors. Discusses the potential for application of SPC within the industry, and presents the results of a nationwide survey of 200 food processing companies, indicating relatively low levels of SPC usage. Three case studies are presented, which outline three typical approaches to SPC in the food sector, e.g. those organisations which make effective use of SPC in some form; those that do not perceive a need for it; and those that recognise its potential, but are unable to implement it effectively, owing to a lack of in‐house expertise or advisory literature. Suggests ways in which the use of SPC might be promoted and encouraged within the industry.
Performance characteristics and optimum utilization of a cage machine as capacitance excited induction generator (1990)

The performance characteristics of a cage induction machine operating as a self-excited induction generator (SEIG) in stand-alone mode are presented. A static capacitor bank is considered to self-excite the machine and to maintain its terminal voltage constant. The lagging reactive power requirement of self-excited induction generator is obtained for different load values. The effect of speed on the excitation requirement of the cage machine has also been studied. An algorithm is developed to achieve these characteristics using the Newton-Raphson method and a steady-state equivalent circuit of the machine. The developed analytical technique is extended to evaluate the number of steps of switching capacitors for loading the machine up to its full load rating while maintaining the terminal voltage within desired limits. The selection of an optimum terminal voltage corresponding to the maximum output of the machine for its optimum utilization is also made using single-variable optimization.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Broadband Antenna Systems for Lightning Magnetic Fields (1975)

Broadband magnetic field antenna systems which can resolve submicrosecond structure in lightning waveforms are described. Correlated data on the magnetic and electric fields produced by distant lightning are presented and are shown to be, for the most part, identical in shape.
A High Rate NaI Detector System (1979)

Front end electronics (detector to ADC) have been developed to operate over an input count rate range of 105 to 106 counts per second with less than ± 1% gain shift and minimal resolution degradation. The system was developed to satisfy requirements for a nuclear hardened gamma densitometer utilizing multichannel analyzer pulse height analysis techniques for reactor background subtraction. The circuitry developed includes a fast current mode preamplifier with first order count rate dependent gain compensation, a baseline restorer, a single channel analyzer with pile-up rejection and live time measuring circuits, and a fast linear gate. The single channel analyzer is used for energy region of interest selection so that only those pulses within the energy region of interest are presented to the analog to digital converter.
Engineering 3-D Li-Ion Electrodes with Enhanced Charge Storage Properties Based on Solution-Processed and Sintered Anatase Nanocrystal-Carbon Mesoporous Structures (2015)

Three-dimensional (3-D) monolithic electrodes are an excellent platform for enhancing the electrochemical properties of Li-ion batteries, but fabrication involves complex, difficult to scale-up processing. Current electrode fabrication based on polymeric binder-based pastes of the active material and carbon is expensive and requires volatile toxic organic solvents. Here, aqueous-synthesized anatase (∼6 nm) is used as active material in a green fabrication process employing controlled sintering at 450 °C of an ethanolic paste to engineer mesoporous 3-D structures. This enables construction of self-supporting electrodes endowed with a percolating carbon network with enhanced conductivity that exhibit highly stable cycling performance. As such, the new 3-D electrodes achieve greater capacity (185 vs 145 mAh g–1 at 1C rate) than standard PVDF binder-based electrodes, and serve as a new approach toward easily scalable and sustainable electrode manufacturing applicable to various active materials.