gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction of recorded sound from an Edison cylinder using three-dimensional noncontact optical surface metrology (2004)

Audio information stored in the undulations of a groove in a mechanical sound carrier, such as a cylinder or disc phonograph record, may be reconstructed, without contact, by measuring the groove shape and position using precision optical metrology methods and digital image processing. This report describes the first three-dimensional reconstruction of recorded sound from a mechanical carrier using this approach. The source material, a celluloid Edison cylinder, was scanned using color-coded confocal microscopy techniques. The results and prospects of this approach are discussed.
Stability analysis of an adaptive structure for sigma delta modulation (2002)

In previous work, we have proposed an adaptive sigma delta modulator with improved dynamic range. The modulator adapts the step-size of the quantizer from estimates of the quantizer input. In this paper, we conduct a stability analysis of the new modulator.
Enhanced region-based adaptive interpolation filter (2010)

Motion compensation with quarter-pel accuracy was added to H.264/AVC to improve the coding efficiency of images exhibiting fractional-pel movement. To enlarge the reference pictures, a fixed 6-tap filter is used. However, the values of the filter coefficients are constant regardless of the characteristic of the input video. An improved interpolation filter, called the Adaptive Interpolation Filter (AIF), that optimizes the filter coefficients on a frame-by-frame basis was proposed to solve the problem. However, when the image is divided into multiple regions, each of which has different characteristics, the coding efficiency could be further improved by performing optimization on a region-by-region basis. Therefore, we propose a Region-Based AIF (RBAIF) that takes account of image locality. Simulations show that RBAIF offers about 0.43 point higher coding gain than the conventional AIF.
Generation of millijoule-level soft X-ray laser pulses at 4 Hz repetition rate in a highly saturated table-top capillary discharge amplifier (2003)

We report the first demonstration of millijoule-level pulses and milliwatt average power from a table-top soft X-ray laser. Laser pulses with energy up to 1 mJ were generated at a wavelength of 46.9 nm by single pass amplification in a 34.5 cm long Ne-like Ar capillary discharge plasma. The large gain-length product of this plasma column allows for soft X-ray amplification in a highly saturated regime, resulting in very efficient energy extraction.
Microfluidic fluorescence in situ hybridization and flow cytometry (μFlowFISH) (2011)

We describe an integrated microfluidic device (μFlowFISH) capable of performing 16S rRNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) followed by flow cytometric detection for identifying bacteria in natural microbial communities. The device was used for detection of species involved in bioremediation of Cr(vi) and other metals in groundwater samples from a highly-contaminated environmental site (Hanford, WA, USA). The μFlowFISH seamlessly integrates two components: a hybridization chamber formed between two photopolymerized membranes, where cells and probes are electrophoretically loaded, incubated and washed, and a downstream cross structure for electrokinetically focusing cells into a single-file flow for flow cytometry analysis. The device is capable of analyzing a wide variety of bacteria including aerobic, facultative and anaerobic bacteria and was initially tested and validated using cultured microbes, including Escherichia coli, as well as two strains isolated from Hanford site: Desulfovibrio vulgaris strain RCH1, and Pseudomonas sp.strain RCH2 that are involved in Cr(vi) reduction and immobilization. Combined labeling and detection efficiencies of 74-97% were observed in experiments with simple mixtures of cultured cells, confirming specific labeling. Results obtained were in excellent agreement with those obtained by conventional flow cytometry confirming the accuracy of μFlowFISH. Finally, the device was used for analyzing water samples collected on different dates from the Hanford site. We were able to monitor the numbers of Pseudomonas sp. with only 100-200 cells loaded into the microchip. The μFlowFISH approach provides an automated platform for quantitative detection of microbial cells from complex samples, and is ideally suited for analysis of precious samples with low cell numbers such as those found at extreme environmental niches, bioremediation sites, and the human microbiome.
Modulated model predictive current control for direct matrix converter with fixed switching frequency (2015)

Matrix converters have become popular due to their capability for direct ac-ac conversion without a dc-link capacitor. Several modulation methods have been proposed for matrix converters including Space Vector Modulation (SVM), which has been widely used in conjunction with numerous different control approaches as it can ensure sinusoidal input and output currents with unity power factor and fixed switching frequency. Model Predictive Control (MPC) is a control strategy introduced recently for power converters with several benefits like fast transient response and possibility to control multiple variables without cascaded loops; however it produces a variable switching frequency. This paper introduces a new control technique for direct matrix converters that combines the features of the classical MPC and SVM technique into a Modulated Model Predictive Control (M2PC) with fixed switching frequency. Simulation results showing the effectiveness of the method in controlling a direct matrix converter feeding a passive RL load are presented in this paper.
Reversal of the antiviral activity of tunicamycin by lipids. (1978)

The inhibitory activity of tunicamycin against Newcastle disease virus multiplication was partially reversed by lipids. Phosphatidylcholine, lauric acid and monoglyceride of lauric acid showed the most significant recovering activities among all the tested. But the recovering activity was not observed when tunicamycin was added at a concentration 12-fold greater than the minimal inhibitory concentration. The synergistic effect of phosphatidyl-choline and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine in the recovery indicates different mechanisms of recovery by the two compounds. Recovery of virus multiplication by lipids was suggested to be caused by incorporation of tunicamycin into lipid micelle and decrease of available tunica-mycin in the medium.
Quantitative Ultrasound Imaging and Characterization of Uterine Peristaltic Waves (2018)

Uterine peristalsis (UP) plays an important role in the generation of intrauterine streams; upstream towards the ovaries to support conception and downstream to favor menstrual emptying. Our understanding of the uterine mechanical behavior is however hampered by a lack of quantitative analysis, limiting diagnosis and treatment of several uterine dysfunctions. Building on our recent work on dedicated speckle tracking for uterine strain analysis, here we present the first algorithm for spatiotemporal assessment of UP. In particular, we aim at characterizing the propagation of contraction waves along the uterus. Nine healthy women were scanned by B-mode transvaginal ultrasound during the late follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. This phase coincides with the fertile period and is known to be the most active. The speckle was tracked on the gray-level videos by optical flow. Tracking accuracy was further improved by an adaptive spatial-warping approach. The method was first optimized and validated with a dedicated setup producing controlled motion on an ex-vivo uterus. In vivo, a grid of points with regular spacing was positioned above and below the endometrial contour, and tracked over time to generate a time-space representation of the strain rate along the endometrium. This representation was then analyzed in the k-space for the assessment of UP (contraction wave) velocity and direction, determined by the two dominant spectral peaks.
Applications of ferroelectric particles/liquid crystal colloids (2007)

Ferroelectric nanoparticles significantly improve properties of existing liquid crystals and benefit the performance of many devices. By changing a concentration and a type of ferroelectric particles one can affect physical properties of the nematic, smectic, and cholesteric liquid crystal materials, including the dielectric constants, the birefringence, the phase transition temperatures, and even the order parameter. We demonstrate the performance of these new materials in various devices, including displays, light modulators, and beam steering devices.
Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor Attenuates the Progression of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma in Nude Mice (2011)

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare cancer that is refractory to current treatments. It is characterized by a robust deposition of transitional fibrin that is in part promoted by tumor cells. MPM cells express tissue factor (TF) and the tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), but their contribution to the pathogenesis of MPM has been unclear. We found that REN MPM cells fail to express TFPI. Based on the tumor growth-promoting properties of TF, we hypothesized that the stable transfection of TFPI into REN MPM cells would decrease their aggressiveness. We tested our hypothesis using in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo analyses. TFPI knock-in decreased the proliferation, invasion, and TF activity of REN cells in vitro. REN TFPI knock-in cells, empty vector, and naive control cells were next injected intrapleurally into nude mice. The expression of TFPI significantly decreased tissue invasion, inflammation, and the deposition of fibrin and collagen associated with tumor tissue, pleural effusions, and tumor burden. In ex vivo analyses, REN cells were cultured from harvested tumors. The overexpression of TFPI was maintained in cells propagated from TFPI knock-in tumors, and attenuated the activation of Factor X and the invasiveness of tumor cells. These analyses demonstrate that TFPI reduces the aggressiveness of MPM in vitro and in vivo, and that its effect involves the inhibition of TF procoagulant activity. These observations suggest that the interactions of TF and TFPI represent a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of MPM.
Structure–property performance of natural palm olein polyol in the viscoelastic polyurethane foam (2016)

Structure–property behavior of the palm olein-based natural oil polyol (E-135 NOP) was investigated in viscoelastic “memory” foams. In a model viscoelastic foam formulation, the E-135 NOP with pendant hydroxyls was used as a drop-in replacement for the well-defined model polyether polyol with terminal hydroxyls, Poly-G® 76-120. Both polyols have comparable equivalent weight and concentrations of primary and secondary hydroxyls. The data showed that replacing Poly-G® 76-120 polyether polyol with the E-135 NOP did not significantly impact the foaming reactivity. Increasing the E-135 NOP concentration in the VE foams increased the average foam cell size while maintaining the open cell structure. Aging properties of the VE foams were mostly unaffected by the replacement of the Poly-G® 76-120 with the E-135 NOP. Furthermore, addition of E-135 had no impact on foam density; however, it increased the support factor of the viscoelastic foams. Differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analyzer, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses indicate less defined morphological separation of hard and soft segments in the viscoelastic foams with higher concentration of E-135 NOP. Overall, the results demonstrated the feasibility that natural oil polyols can be used in viscoelastic polyurethane foams to replace a significant portion of the polyether polyols with comparable equivalent weights and concentrations of primary and secondary hydroxyls. In future, the feasibility study of E-135 NOP as a drop-in replacement of combination polyether polyols in viscoelastic foams formulation will be conducted. Furthermore, the effect of palm olein-based natural oil polyol in high resilience foam will be evaluated.
A flexible view ordering technique for high-quality real-time 2DFT MR fluoroscopy (1999)

A method to tailor the view order to the reconstruction cycle is introduced for real-time MRI. It is well known that view sharing and oversampling central k-space views can improve the temporal resolution of gradient-echo pulse sequences. By ordering phase-encodes to synchronize k-space acquisition with the reconstruction cycle, apparent temporal resolution can match the frame rate with as few as one-fourth of the phase-encodes sampled per reconstruction. Spatial resolution is maintained by periodically updating high spatial frequencies. In addition to apparent temporal resolution, three other criteria for real-time imaging are identified and evaluated: display latency, dispersion, and frame-to-frame consistency. Latency is minimized by ordering views in a reverse-centric manner within each reconstruction interval, sampling high-energy views immediately prior to beginning reconstruction. Dispersion is kept low and consistent by synchronizing acquisition and reconstruction, thus avoiding poorly timed reconstruction instances. Real-time implementation demonstrates pulsatile time-of-flight blood signal enhancement in humans.
Long-term Streaming Media Server Workload Analysis and Modeling (2003)

enterprise media servers, workload analysis, long-term trends analysis, performance modeling, synthetic workload generator Currently, Internet hosting centers and content distribution networks leverage statistical multiplexing to meet the performance requirements of
<title>Edge-lit rainbow holograms</title> (1990)

A three-step technique produces rainbow holograms that can be illuminated through the edge of their substrates with highly divergent illumination, permitting very compact integral hologram and illumination display units.
DNS Noise: Measuring the Pervasiveness of Disposable Domains in Modern DNS Traffic (2014)

In this paper, we present an analysis of a new class of domain names: disposable domains. We observe that popular web applications, along with other Internet services, systematically use this new class of domain names. Disposable domains are likely generated automatically, characterized by a "one-time use" pattern, and appear to be used as a way of "signaling" via DNS queries. To shed light on the pervasiveness of disposable domains, we study 24 days of live DNS traffic spanning a year observed at a large Internet Service Provider. We find that disposable domains increased from 23.1% to 27.6% of all queried domains, and from 27.6% to 37.2% of all resolved domains observed daily. While this creative use of DNS may enable new applications, it may also have unanticipated negative consequences on the DNS caching infrastructure, DNSSEC validating resolvers, and passive DNS data collection systems.
Ethnobotanical-Directed Discovery of the Antihyperglycemic Properties of Cryptolepine: Its Isolation from <i>Cryptolepis</i> <i>sanguinolenta</i>, Synthesis, and in Vitro and in Vivo Activities (1998)

Using an ethnobotanical approach in combination with in vivo-guided fractionation as a means for lead discovery, cryptolepine was isolated as an antihyperglycemic component of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta. Two syntheses of cryptolepine, including an unambiguous synthesis, are reported. The hydroiodide, hydrochloride, and hydrotrifluoromethanesulfonate (hydrotriflate) salts of cryptolepine were synthesized, and a comparison of their spectral properties and their in vitro activities in a 3T3-L1 glucose transport assay is made. Cryptolepine and its salt forms lower blood glucose in rodent models of type II diabetes. While a number of bioactivities have been reported for cryptolepine, this is the first report that cryptolepine possesses antihyperglycemic properties.
Bone Repair Following Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein‐2 Stimulated Periodontal Regeneration (2002)

rhBMP-2/ACS elicits a rapid osteoinductive process throughout the implant as well as along and onto the instrumented adjacent root surface. Lamellated trabecular bone was the predominant regenerated tissue. A typical cementum-periodontal ligament-alveolar bone relationship was a rare observation. The great variability in histological tissue response along the instrumented root surface indicates that the stimulus to hard tissue formation resided primarily in the rhBMP-2/ACS implant rather than in the root surface.
Combinatorial Discovery of Lanthanide-Doped Nanocrystals with Spectrally Pure Upconverted Emission (2012)

Nanoparticles doped with lanthanide ions exhibit stable and visible luminescence under near-infrared excitation via a process known as upconversion, enabling long-duration, low-background biological imaging. However, the complex, overlapping emission spectra of lanthanide ions can hinder the quantitative imaging of samples labeled with multiple upconverting probes. Here, we use combinatorial screening of multiply doped NaYF(4) nanocrystals to identify a series of doubly and triply doped upconverting nanoparticles that exhibit narrow, spectrally pure emission spectra at various visible wavelengths. We then developed a comprehensive kinetic model validated by our extensive experimental data set. Applying this model, we elucidated the energy transfer mechanisms giving rise to spectrally pure emission. These mechanisms suggest design rules for electronic level structures that yield robust color tuning in lanthanide-doped upconverting nanoparticles. The resulting materials will be useful for background-free multicolor imaging and tracking of biological processes.
Synthesis and Evaluation of a Novel <sup>64</sup>Cu- and <sup>67</sup>Ga-Labeled Neurokinin 1 Receptor Antagonist for <i>in Vivo</i> Targeting of NK1R-Positive Tumor Xenografts (2018)

Neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) is expressed in gliomas and neuroendocrine malignancies and represents a promising target for molecular imaging and targeted radionuclide therapy. The goal of this study was to synthesize and evaluate a novel NK1R ligand (NK1R-NOTA) for targeting NK1R-expressing tumors. Using a carboxymethyl moiety linked to L-733060 as a starting reagent, NK1R-NOTA was synthesized in a three-step reaction and then labeled with <sup>64</sup>Cu (or <sup>67</sup>Ga for in vitro studies) in the presence of CH<sub>3</sub>COONH<sub>4</sub> buffer. The radioligand affinity and cellular uptake were evaluated with NK1R-transduced HEK293 cells (HEK293-NK1R) and NK1R nontransduced HEK293 cells (HEK293-WT) and their xenografts. Radiolabeled NK1R-NOTA was obtained with a radiochemical purity of >95% and specific activities of >7.0 GBq/μmol for <sup>64</sup>Cu and >5.0 GBq/μmol for <sup>67</sup>Ga. Both <sup>64</sup>Cu- and <sup>67</sup>Ga-labeled NK1R-NOTA demonstrated high levels of uptake in HEK293-NK1R cells, whereas co-incubation with an excess of NK1R ligand L-733060 reduced the level of uptake by 90%. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging showed that [<sup>64</sup>Cu]NK1R-NOTA had a accumulated rapidly in HEK293-NK1R xenografts and a 10-fold lower level of uptake in HEK293-WT xenografts. Radioactivity was cleared by gastrointestinal tract and urinary systems. Biodistribution studies confirmed that the tumor-to-organ ratios were ≥5 for all studied organs at 1 h p.i., except kidneys, liver, and intestine, and that the tumor-to-intestine and tumor-to-kidney ratios were also improved 4 and 20 h post-injection. [<sup>64</sup>Cu]NK1R-NOTA is a promising ligand for PET imaging of NK1R-expressing tumor xenografts. Delayed imaging with [<sup>64</sup>Cu]NK1R-NOTA improves image contrast because of the continuous clearance of radioactivity from normal organs.
Rheology and Water Imbibing of Major Fractions of Soybean Beverage (1982)

ABSTRACT Six fractions of soybean cotyledons were prepared as slurries ranging from 10–65% solids. Cell wall material and protein had the highest consistency coefficients at a given concentration while the soluble carbohydrate had the lowest. Removal of cell wall material from full fat flour significantly reduced consistency coefficient while defatting had no significant effect. Pseudoplastic flow behavior increased with concentration for all fractions except the soluble carbohydrate, which showed Newtonian behavior regardless of concentration. Water imbibing ability correlated well with high consistency coefficients and pseudoplastic flow behavior.
Chemical temperature indicators for geothermal applications. Final report (1978)

The objective of this program was the development of a simple, reliable method for temperaure measurement in geotherml wells duing drilling operations. The method of choice involves the use of a series of chemical temperature indicator materials, with sharply defined melting temperatures over the temperature range 80/sup 0/C less than or equal to T less than or equal to 350/sup 0/C. The most promising candidate temperature indicator materials were selected for laboratory experimentation. Differential Scanning Calorimeter measurements were used to determine normal melting point, sharpness of melting point and heat of fusion of the candidate materials. As a result of these experiments, 42 alloys and 9 organic compounds were demonstrated to be acceptable temperature indicators. Since 7 organics had melting temperatures close to corresponding alloys, the useful series of temperature indicators is comprised of 44 materials. Experiments were carried out to develop a configuraion for the indicators compatible with direct addition to drilling muds. Preliminary experimentation was performed on stress resistance and hydrodynamic characteristics of the indicator configuration. The temperature indicators can be made in production quantities at an average of $1.00/each or less. Recommendations are made for testing the indicator configurations at elevated pressures in drilling fluid and for carrying out full scale field testing of the indicators under a variety of geothermal conditions.
Polarization correlated-emission laser and the influence of pump statistics (1990)

We propose a new kind of correlated-spontaneous-emission laser in which the electromagnetic field is driven by coherently prepared atoms. Such a system constitutes a very simple correlated-emission scheme in that it involves only single-photon transitions, whereas all previous studies were based on correlated photon pairs. We find that for low intensities the fluctuations in the photon number can be reduced below the standard limit while the phase noise is unaffected by the atomic coherence. However, the amount of noise reduction crucially depends on the fluctuations of the pump mechanism. In the high-intensity limit the photon-number fluctuations can be reduced even further. It is possible to achieve a complete quenching of the spontaneous-emission noise and even squeezing, depending on the atomic coherence and the statistical properties of the pump mechanism. Additionally we find a large reduction in the phase fluctuations. In contrast to the amplitude noise, this reduction is independent of the pump noise.