gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fast and Efficient Fabrication of Intrinsically Stretchable Multilayer Circuit Boards by Wax Pattern Assisted Filtration (2015)

Intrinsically stretchable multilayer circuit boards are fabricated with a fast and material efficient method based on filtration. Silver nanowire conductor patterns of outstanding performance are defined by filtration through wax printed membranes and the circuit board is assembled by subsequent transfers of the nanowires onto the elastomer substrate. The method is used to fabricate a bright stretchable light emitting diode matrix display.
A universal electromagnetic energy conversion adapter based on a metamaterial absorber (2014)

On the heels of metamaterial absorbers (MAs) which produce near perfect electromagnetic (EM) absorption and emission, we propose a universal electromagnetic energy conversion adapter (UEECA) based on MA. By choosing the appropriate energy converting sensors, the UEECA is able to achieve near 100% signal transfer ratio between EM energy and various forms of energy such as thermal, DC electric, or higher harmonic EM energy. The inherited subwavelength dimension and the EM field intensity enhancement can further empower UEECA in many critical applications such as energy harvesting, photoconductive antennas, and nonlinear optics. The principle of UEECA is understood with a transmission line model, which further provides a design strategy that can incorporate a variety of energy conversion devices. The concept is experimentally validated at a microwave frequency with a signal transfer ratio of 96% by choosing an RF diode as the energy converting sensor.
Prevention of depression and sleep disturbances in elderly with memory-problems by activation of the biological clock with light - a randomized clinical trial (2010)

ISRCTN29863753.
Antigen-Specific T Cell Repertoire Modification of CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells (2004)

T cell immune responses are regulated by the interplay between effector and suppressor T cells. Immunization with Ag leads to the selective expansion and survival of effector CD4(+) T cells with high affinity TCR against the Ag and MHC. However, it is not known if CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells (T(reg)) recognize the same Ag as effector T cells or whether Ag-specific TCR repertoire modification occurs in T(reg). In this study, we demonstrate that after a primary Ag challenge, T(reg) proliferate and TCR repertoire modification is observed although both of these responses were lower than those in conventional T cells. The repertoire modification of Ag-specific T(reg) after primary Ag challenge augmented the total suppressive function of T(reg) against TCR repertoire modification but not against the proliferation of memory CD4(+) T cells. These results reveal that T cell repertoire modification against a non-self Ag occurs in T(reg), which would be crucial for limiting excess primary and memory CD4(+) T cell responses. In addition, these studies provide evidence that manipulation of Ag-specific T(reg) is an ideal strategy for the clinical use of T(reg).
The theory of cyclic transfers (1989)

This paper develops the theory of cyclic transfers, a neighborhood search strategy for a broad class of combinatorial problems. The problem class is characterized by a two-phase decision process: first, the optimal assignment of elements to clusters and, second, the optimal configuration of the elements within each cluster. Many important and difficult problems fall into this problem class, for example, facility location, multi-vehicle routing and scheduling, clustering, vertex covering, graph coloring, weighted matching and quadratic assignment problems. We characterize a local search neighborhood in terms of cyclic transfers of elements among clusters, define data structures useful in searching the neighborhood, and show that the neighborhood search problem is itself NP-hard. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of negative cost cyclic transfers in terms of negative cost cycles on an auxiliary graph. Finally, we examine algorithm implementation issues.
Handling Uncertainty in Agile Requirement Prioritization and Scheduling Using Statistical Simulation (2008)

In the creation of a release plan developers must attempt to maximise business value while maintaining a high degree of certainty that the product will be completed on time and to budget. As a result of these constraints management is often forced to make the difficult decision as to which stories to complete and which to ignore. The difficulty of this decision is compounded by a high degree of uncertainty within the business value of each story, the story size and also the resources available. This paper proposes a relatively simple statistical methodology that allows for uncertainty in these areas. In so doing it provides key stakeholders with the opportunity to manage uncertainty in the planning of what functionality to include in upcoming releases. The technique is lightweight in nature and consistent with existing agile planning practices. A case study is provided to demonstrate how the method may be used.
Development of high-quality ceramic powders for Sr/sub 0.9/Ca/sub 0.1/Zn/sub 2/-W type hexagonal ferrite for permanent magnet devices (1992)

Fine ceramic powders of Sr/sub 0.9/Ca/sub 0.1/Zn/sub 2/Fe/sub 16/O/sub 27/ (Sr/sub 0.9/Ca/sub 0.1/Zn/sub 2/-W) ferrite, of almost single domain grain size approximately 1 mu m, have been synthesized successfully by sintering for a few hours a mixture of SrCO/sub 3/, CaCO/sub 3/, ZnO, and alpha -Fe/sub 2/O/sub 3/ in stoichiometric amounts at an effectively low temperature (T/sub s/) of approximately 1100 degrees C. Carbon dioxide evolves in the reaction Sr(Ca)CO/sub 3/+2ZnO+8 alpha -Fe/sub 2/D/sub 3/ from or to Sr(Ca)Zn/sub 2/Fe/sub 16/O/sub 2/+C/sub 2/, making fine pores in the sample, which prevent large grain growth of the material and result in a very loose powder. The small <or=10% substitution of Sr by Ca activates the reaction, but preserves the crystallization of the small-sized grains. This yields magnetic properties useful for most permanent magnet applications, with a promisingly high coercivity H/sub c/ approximately 3650 Oe and saturation magnetization M/sub s/ approximately 65 emu/g. A considerably better saturation magnetization M/sub s/ approximately 85 emu/g can be obtained by sintering the samples at higher T/sub s/ approximately 1300 degrees C, but that results in a rather very low coercivity H/sub c/ approximately 105 Oe.<<ETX>>
The effect of hemopoietic microenvironment on splenic suppressor macrophages in congenitally anemic mice of genotype Sl/Sld. (1985)

Mechanisms underlying mononuclear phagocyte specialization are being probed by studying suppressor macrophages (M phi) as a reference population in mouse models with impaired blood monocyte formation. Splenic suppressor M phi, defined by PGE-mediated inhibition of Con A-induced T lymphocyte proliferation are induced by the i.p. administration of Corynebacterium parvum (CP). Mice severely depleted of bone marrow and blood monocytes by treatment with 89Sr fail to show this suppressor M phi response to CP, although M phi-forming stem cells, assessed as splenic M-CFC in vitro, are increased 20-fold. These observations suggest that radiosensitive bone marrow stem cells are necessary for the generation of both suppressor M phi and monocytes and that one such stem cell may be common to both types of mononuclear phagocytes. This notion was explored further by employing congenitally anemic mice of the genotype S1/S1d in which the hemopoietic microenvironment is genetically defective and thus unable to support the proliferation, differentiation, and function of stem cells. The congenital defect was found to be additionally expressed in the S1/S1d mouse by a monocytopenia of less than 10% of the values in normal congenic littermate controls and by the failure of splenic M-CFC to increase in response to CP. PGE-producing suppressor M phi expressing Fc gamma 2b receptors, however, were induced by CP in S1/S1d mice with no significant diminution of suppressor activity. These data establish the fact that significant impairment of the formation of monocytes is part of the overall hemopoietic defect in S1/S1d mice. PGE-producing suppressor M phi, however, were inducible at normal functional levels in the presence of a profound monocytopenia, and therefore appear to be independent of the mechanisms that regulate blood monocyte formation. Ablation of the bone marrow with 89Sr resulted in failure of CP to induce suppressor M phi in the spleens of the S1/S1d mice as in the littermate controls. Other observations in the present study, when taken with data from the 89Sr model, show the additional independence of these suppressor M phi from splenic M-CFC. In aggregate, these findings delineate three functionally definable populations of mononuclear phagocytes that appear to be independently regulated.
GPS (Global Positioning System) orbit determination: Bootstrapping to resolve carrier phase ambiguity (1989)

Abstract : For Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite orbit determination, the most accurate observable available is carrier phase, differenced between observing stations and between satellites to cancel both transmitter and receiver related errors. For maximum accuracy, the integer cycle ambiguities of such observations must be resolved. To perform this ambiguity resolution, a bootstrapping strategy is effective. This strategy requires the tracking stations to have a wide ranging progression of spacings. Then, by conventional integrated Doppler processing of the observations from the most widely spaced stations, the orbits can be determined well enough to permit resolution can reduce the uncertainty of the orbit determination enough to enable ambiguity resolution for more widely spaced stations, which will reduce the orbital uncertainty further, and enable ambiguity resolution for still more widely spaced stations, and so on. This strategy is tested with two different tracking networks. This limited ambiguity resolution reduced both the formal and the actual errors of GPS orbit determinations by a factor of two. In the second twelve stations were arranged in a spiral with geometrically increasing spacings from 10 to 330 km. By bootstrapping, all ambiguities for baselines up to about 100 km long were resolved. The distance was limited by strong ionospheric variability. Still, orbit-determination uncertainty (3 sigma) was reduced to about 1:1,000,000. Improved handling of ionospheric effects in ambiguity resolution and the use of observations spanning more than one day should further reduce the uncertainty.
On the problem of detection and discrimination of double talk and change in the echo path (2002)

The problem of detection and discrimination of double talk and change in the echo path in a telephone channel is considered. The phenomenon echo path change requires fast adaptation of the channel model to be able to equalize the echo dynamics. On the other hand, the adaption rate should be reduced when double talk occurs. Thus, it is critical to quickly detect a change in the echo path while not confusing it with double talk, which gives a similar effect. The proposed likelihood based approach compares a global channel model with a local one over a sliding window, both estimated with the recursive least squares algorithm.
CALCIUM AND IONOPHORE A‐23187 AS INITIATORS OF DNA REPLICATION IN THE PLURIPOTENT HAEMOPOIETIC STEM CELL (1976)

The proliferation rate of the haemopoietic stem cells of the mouse bone marrow can be stimulated by an increase in calcium influx. This key event may be brought about by raising the external calcium concentration or, at lower calcium levels, by use of A-23187 as calcium carrier, within definite dose ranges depending on the Mg2+:Ca2+ molar ratio in the incubation medium. The hypothesis is postulated of an accelerated influx of Ca+ as the possible common mediator of the effects of the various types of agents known to control the CFU cell cycle.
Carbon aerogels from bacterial nanocellulose as anodes for lithium ion batteries (2014)

Carbon aerogels with large open pores and high surface area are fabricated via pyrolysis of a readily available natural resource, e.g., bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) aerogels. Freeze-drying of the BNC hydrogels is used to preserve the 3D open network structure upon calcination whereas using Fe(III) improves the yield and H/C ratio. These carbon aerogels are explored as anodes in lithium ion batteries where it is shown that they deliver superior capacity retention and rate performance compared to other carbon-based materials.
High-Voltage CMOS Controller for Microfluidics (2009)

A high-voltage microfluidic controller designed using DALSA semiconductor's 0.8-mum low-voltage/high-voltage complementary metal-oxide semiconductor/double diffused metal-oxide semiconductor process is presented. The chip's four high-voltage output drivers can switch 300 V, and the dc-dc boost converter can generate up to 68 V using external passive components. This integrated circuit represents an advancement in microfluidic technology when used in conjunction with a charge coupling device (CCD)-based optical system and a glass microfluidic channel, enabling a portable and cost-efficient platform for genetic analysis.
A non intrusive simulation-based trace system to analyse Multiprocessor Systems-on-Chip software (2011)

Multiprocessor Systems-on-Chip (MPSoC) are sealing in complexity. Most part of the MPSoCs are concerned with this evolution: number of processors, memory hierarchy, interconnect systems. Due to this increase in complexity and the debugging and monitoring difficulties it implies, developing software targeting these platforms is very challenging. The need for methods and tools to assist the development process of the MPSoC software is mandatory. Classical debugging and profiling tools are not suited for use in the MPSoC context, because they lack adaptability and awareness of the parallelism. As virtual prototyping is today widely used in the development of MPSoC software, we advocate the use of simulation platforms for software analysis. We present a trace system that consists in tracing hardware events that are produced by models of multiprocessor platform components. The component models are modified in a non-intrusive way so that their behavior in simulation is not modified. Using this trace results allows to run precise analysis like data races detection targeting the software executed on the platform.
Ca2+-free Calmodulin and Calmodulin Damaged byin Vitro Aging Are Selectively Degraded by 26 S Proteasomes without Ubiquitination (2000)

The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is believed to selectively degrade post-synthetically damaged proteins in eukaryotic cells. To study this process we used calmodulin (CaM) as a substrate because of its importance in cell regulation and because it acquires isoaspartyl residues in its Ca(2+)-binding regions both in vivo and after in vitro "aging" (incubation for 2 weeks without Ca(2+)). When microinjected into Xenopus oocytes, in vitro aged CaM was degraded much faster than native CaM by a proteasome-dependent process. Similarly, in HeLa cell extracts aged CaM was degraded at a higher rate, even though it was not conjugated to ubiquitin more rapidly than the native species. Ca(2+) stimulated the ubiquitination of both species, but inhibited their degradation. Thus, for CaM, ubiquitination and proteolysis appear to be dissociated. Accordingly, purified muscle 26 S proteasomes could degrade aged CaM and native Ca(2+)-free (apo) CaM without ubiquitination. Addition of Ca(2+) dramatically reduced degradation of the native molecules but only slightly reduced the breakdown of the aged species. Thus, upon Ca(2+) binding, native CaM assumes a non-degradable conformation, which most of the age-damaged species cannot assume. Thus, flexible conformations, as may arise from age-induced damage or the absence of ligands, can promote degradation directly by the proteasome without ubiquitination.
Postmenopausal osteoporosis: an update on current and future therapeutic options (2006)

Recent advances in osteoporosis have dramatically changed the management and treatment of this disease. This article reviews the safety and efficacy of US FDA-approved drugs for prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, as well as studies on combination, sequential or intermittent use of these agents. A review of promising agents for osteoporosis therapy is provided.
Biology and management of acquired severe aplastic anemia (1998)

Severe aplastic anemia (SAA) is a life-threatening bone marrow failure disorder characterized by pancytopenia and a hypocellular marrow. Drugs, chemical exposure, radiation, and viruses are implicated as etiologic agents, although the majority of community-acquired SAA is idiopathic. Regardless of the inciting event, most cases of SAA result from immune-mediated destruction of bone marrow progenitor cells, which spares pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells. SAA is treated by either allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) or immunosuppressive therapy. BMT restores normal hematopoiesis and cures the disease in 60% to 80% cases, with the major causes of failure being graft rejection and graft-versus-host disease. Most patients treated with immunosuppressive therapy recover hematopoiesis sufficiently to not require transfusions and are free of infection, although in many, recovery is incomplete. Moreover, up to 50% of SAA patients successfully treated with immunosuppressive therapy relapse or develop a secondary clonal disorder, such as paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, myelodysplastic syndrome, or leukemia. High-dose cyclophosphamide without BMT is capable of restoring normal hematopoiesis with little or no risk of relapse or secondary clonal disorders. A number of effective treatment options for the treatment of SAA are now available. The optimal approach for definitive management of SAA continues to evolve.
Antibacterial Quinone Metabolites from the Brown Alga, <i>Sargassum sagamianum</i> (2008)

Abstract Antibacterial sargaquinoic acid derivatives were isolated from the brown alga Sargassum sagamianum. The structures of these quinone metabolites were confirmed by NMR and mass spectroscopy, and by comparison with published data. The relationship between their structures and antibacterial activities are briefly discussed.
Design and Implementation of Gain-Offset Correction Algorithm Hardware Architecture for Grayscale and Color Images Contrast Enhancement (2016)

This paper describes the design and implementation of a novel, high-speed hardware (HW) architecture for the gain-offset correction (GOC) image contrast enhancement algorithm on an FPGA fabric. The design is extremely fast and has been shown to process megapixel image frames at frame rates greatly exceeding real-time requirements. The design is small and compact enough to fit on small FPGAs to form a low-cost image processing solution. The automated nature of the contrast enhancement operation is due to the computation of global image statistics for each image. The architecture does not store any image frames to perform this task, heavily reducing memory requirements.
The connected car (2017)

The amount of interactive digital technology in cars is increasing rapidly, and many new cars are shipped with connectivity. As a result, a new platform has emerged that holds potentials to facilitate many new and different interactions, both inside and outside the car. Within the area of HCI for cars, the focus has predominantly been on interactions with in-vehicle systems and applications of technology that is enabled through connectivity. However, we still lack in-depth empirical studies that provide details of the connected car, its use, opinions towards it, and how it integrates into people's everyday lives. We report from a qualitative study of 13 households with connected electric cars. We present our findings in 3 themes of interaction through connectivity, updating and upgrading car software, and security and privacy. We further discuss our findings in 3 themes that might inform and inspire further mobile HCI research with the connected car.
Calcium-activated chloride channel TMEM16A modulates mucin secretion and airway smooth muscle contraction (2012)

Mucous cell hyperplasia and airway smooth muscle (ASM) hyperresponsiveness are hallmark features of inflammatory airway diseases, including asthma. Here, we show that the recently identified calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC) TMEM16A is expressed in the adult airway surface epithelium and ASM. The epithelial expression is increased in asthmatics, particularly in secretory cells. Based on this and the proposed functions of CaCC, we hypothesized that TMEM16A inhibitors would negatively regulate both epithelial mucin secretion and ASM contraction. We used a high-throughput screen to identify small-molecule blockers of TMEM16A-CaCC channels. We show that inhibition of TMEM16A-CaCC significantly impairs mucus secretion in primary human airway surface epithelial cells. Furthermore, inhibition of TMEM16A-CaCC significantly reduces mouse and human ASM contraction in response to cholinergic agonists. TMEM16A-CaCC blockers, including those identified here, may positively impact multiple causes of asthma symptoms.
Kerr-Lens Mode-Locked 2-μm Thin-Disk Lasers (2018)

Thin-disk technology uniquely enables the simultaneous scaling of both average and peak powers, while maintaining an excellent beam profile. It has been widely adopted in the 1-μm region, not only for continuous wave lasers but also for pulsed oscillators and amplifiers. However, the development of 2-μm thin-disk lasers is still at a very early stage, with passive mode locking having been demonstrated only recently. Here, we describe in detail a new femtosecond Ho:YAG thin-disk oscillator and recent power-scaling experiments that resulted in an average power of up to 25 W-the highest average power of any mode-locked oscillator in the 2-μm region. The future directions toward even higher average and peak power thin-disk oscillators are also discussed.
Semi-Supervised Domain Adaptation by Covariance Matching (2018)

Transferring knowledge from a source domain to a target domain by domain adaptation has been an interesting and challenging problem in many machine learning applications. The key problem is how to match the data distributions of the two heterogeneous domains in a proper way such that they can be treated indifferently for learning. We propose a covariance matching approach DACoM for semi-supervised domain adaptation. The DACoM embeds the original samples into a common latent space linearly such that the covariance mismatch of the two mapped distributions is minimized, and the local geometric structure and discriminative information are preserved simultaneously. The KKT conditions of DACoM model are given as a nonlinear eigenvalue equation. We show that the KKT conditions could at least ensure local optimality. An efficient eigen-updating algorithm is then given for solving the nonlinear eigenvalue problem, whose convergence is guaranteed conditionally. To deal with the case when homogeneous information could only be matched nonlinearly, a kernel version of DACoM is further considered. We also analyze the generalization bound for our domain adaptation approaches. Numerical experiments on simulation datasets and real-world applications are given to comprehensively demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach. The experiments show that our method outperforms other existing methods for both homogeneous and heterogeneous domain adaptation.