gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pruning subscriptions in distributed publish/subscribe systems (2006)

Publish/subscribe systems utilize filter algorithms to determine all subscriptions matching incoming event messages. To distribute such services, subscriptions are forwarded to several filter components. This approach allows for an application of routing algo-rithms that selectively forward event messages to only a subset of filter components. Beneficial effects of this scheme include decreasing network and compu-tational load in single filter components. So far, we can find routing optimizations that ex-ploit coverings among subscriptions or utilize sub-scription merging strategies. Generally, such opti-mizations aim at reducing the amount of subscrip-tions forwarded to filter components, which decreases their computational load. This might in turn result in an increasing number of event messages routed through the network. However, current optimization strategies only work on restrictive conjunctive subscriptions and can-not be extended to efficiently support arbitrary sub-scriptions. Furthermore, it is not possible to apply covering and perfect merging strategies in all appli-cation scenarios due to the strong dependency of these approaches on actually registered subscriptions. In this paper, we present a novel optimization ap-proach, subscription generalization, to decrease the filtering overhead in publish/subscribe systems. Our approach is based on selectivities of subscriptions and can be utilized for all kinds of subscriptions includ-ing arbitrary Boolean and conjunctive subscriptions. We propose a simple subscription generalization al-gorithm and show an evaluation of the results of a first series of experiments proving the usefulness of our approach.
Similarity measurement of moving object trajectories (2012)

To study the similarity between moving object trajectories is important in many applications, e.g., to find the clusters of moving objects which share the same moving pattern, and infer the future locations of a moving object from its similar trajectories. To define the similarity between moving objects is a challenging task, since not only their locations change but also their speed and semantic features vary. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to measure the similarity between trajectories. The similarity is defined based on both geographic and semantic features of movements. Our approach can be used to detect trajectory clusters and infer future locations of moving objects.
Long-haul quasi-single-mode transmissions using few-mode fiber in presence of multi-path interference (2015)

We study long-haul Quasi-Single-mode (QSM) systems in which signals are transmitted in the fundamental modes of a few-mode fiber (FMF) while keeping other system components such as amplifiers and receivers are kept single-moded. The large-effective-area nature of the FMF fundamental modes improves system nonlinear tolerance in the expense of mode coupling along FMF transmissions which induces multi-path interference (MPI) and needs to be compensated. We analytically investigate 6-spatial-polarization mode QSM transmission systems in presence of MPI and show that in the weak coupling regime, the QSM channel is a Gaussian random process in frequency. MPI compensation filters are derived and performance penalties due to MPI and signal loss from higher-order modes are characterized. We also experimentally demonstrate 256 Gb/s polarization multiplexed (PM)-16-QAM QSM transmissions over a record distance of 2600 km with 100-km span using decision directed least mean square (DD-LMS) algorithm for MPI compensation.
[H(+)-ATPase and H(+), K(+)-ATPase]. (1992)

Two different types of proton transporting ATPases, v-and p-type H(+)-ATPases engage in epithelial ion transport. Properties, function, molecular structure and distribution of these H(+)-ATPase (v-type) and H+, K(+)-ATPase (p-type) are summarized here. Intraorganellar spaces, such as lysosome, synapse, multivesicular body, are acidified by the vacuole-type H(+)-ATPases. Secretion of proton by some types of intercalated cells of kidney collecting tubules is due to H(+)-ATPase. Gastric proton secretion is due to H+, K(+)-ATPase. Proton secretion and absorption of potassium by distal colon is due to p-type ATPase.
HIV Type 1 Subtype C in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (1997)

HIV-1 variants in different geographic regions have been phylogenetically classified into the genetic subtypes A-I and O on the basis of sequence differences in the V3 regions of their gp120 envelope genes. The existence of all HIV-1 subtypes except subtype I has been confirmed in Africa. This paper describes the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes in Ethiopia. The first Ethiopian AIDS case was reported in 1986 and the AIDS epidemic has now become a rapidly growing problem in Addis Ababa, the capital city. HIV-1 seroprevalence in the city is estimated to be 10-27% among pregnant women, 47-59% among prostitutes, and 7% among blood donors. Preliminary sequence data on a limited number of samples indicated the presence of subtype C in Addis Ababa in 1988. 94 sera collected from prostitutes, pregnant women, and blood donors during 1989-95 were analyzed to assess the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes in Addis Ababa. HIV-1 subtype C was identified in 93 of 94 cases. One case of subtype A virus was identified. Subtype C was also highly abundant also before the 1995 sera collection. Finally, the authors discuss how the Ethiopian subtype C sequences differ slightly from the consensus C sequence
Site-directed mutagenesis of glycine-14 and two "critical" cysteinyl residues in Drosophila alcohol dehydrogenase (1990)

Three amino acid residues (glycine-14, cysteine-135, and cysteine-218) previously speculated to be important for the structure and function of Drosophila melanogaster alcohol dehydrogenase have been investigated by using site-directed mutagenesis followed by kinetic analysis and chemical modification. Mutating glycine-14 to valine (G14V) virtually inactivates Drosophila ADH, and substitution of alanine at this position (G14A) causes a 31% decrease in activity. Thermal denaturation and kinetic and inhibition studies further demonstrate that replacing glycine-14 with either alanine or valine leads to structural changes in the NAD binding domain. These results provide direct evidence for the role played by glycine-14 in maintaining the correct conformation in the NAD binding domain. On the other hand, changing of cysteine-135, -218, or both to alanine (C135A, C218A, and C135A/C218A) causes no decrease in the catalytic activity of the enzyme, indicating that neither of the cysteinyl residues is essential for catalysis. C135A and wild-type enzyme are both inactivated by DTNB. In contrast, C218A and C135A/C218A are unaffected by DTNB treatment. DTNB modification of cysteine-218 can be prevented by the substrates NAD and 2-propanol, suggesting that cysteine-218 may be in the vicinity of the active site. Cysteine-135 which is normally insensitive to DTNB becomes accessible in the presence of 2-propanol and/or NAD, suggesting a conformational change induced by binding of these substrates.
포스트 코로나 시대 관광 트렌드를 반영한 농촌체험마을 조성방안 연구 - 전라북도 완주군 소양면 위봉마을을 사례로 - (2020)

With the COVID-19 pandemic, the global economy has stagnated and our daily lives have changed. The rural economy is also experiencing damage, such as an average of 65% or more decrease in the number of visitors to rural experience resort villages due to the spread of COVID-19. In order to minimize the damage arising from the prolonged coronavirus, a hospitality system in response to changes in rural tourism behavior and consumer demand is needed to revitalize rural areas and maintain continuous economic independence. Therefore, this study attempted to find ways to utilize landscape resources such as education, culture, history, and ecology in order to complement the existing experience programs in connection with local resources and local environment. Wibong Village, which is the subject of the study, attempted to revitalize the village using the resources through the “Creative village creation” project in 2015. Due to poor management of historical resources, difficulty in operating experience programs, and response to changes in the natural environment, the rate of implementation of the project plan was very low. Currently, the demand for experience is also decreasing due to the COVID-19 effect, so it was judged that it was necessary to develop an experience village program suitable for the needs of experienced visitors by discovering additional local resources for the continuous operation of the experience village. In order to solve the problem of the use of landscape resources and the spatial composition of the study site, additional investigations of local resources were made, and an experience program course that could be operated by theme was proposed by configuring a space suitable for the use of landscape resources. By dividing the additionally investigated landscape resources into history, ecology, and region, an experiential course was created to separate the traffic lines, and the space composition for large-scale experienced visitors that had been previously operated was constructed in a form suitable for the post-corona era. In addition, at least two experiential tour courses that can be operated by period were proposed to maintain economic effects. Starting with this study, if further research on the creation and spatial composition of a rural experience village centered on the connection with the region, it will be used as research results that can be referenced in projects such as village creation, rural space planning, and living area analysis. It is expected that it will be able to effectively cope with the construction of a rural area suitable for the post-corona era, where demand is expected to increase in the future.
Critical spatial requirement within the origin of simian virus 40 DNA replication (1984)

We inserted a single base pair into the center of a 27-base-pair palindrome within the replication origin of simian virus 40. The mutation did not directly alter the symmetry of the palindrome or the protein-binding sequences within the palindrome. DNA binding studies showed that subunits of the simian virus 40 A protein (T antigen) bound to each of the four recognition pentanucleotides in the origin palindrome but did so with reduced affinity in comparison with wild-type origins. The mutant origin cloned in a plasmid DNA failed to replicate in COS cells. Thus, precise spatial interactions among subunits of A protein are necessary for stable origin binding and are crucial for subsequent steps in the initiation of DNA replication. Furthermore, any possible functional interactions of the simian virus 40 A protein with cellular DNA would require a great fidelity of protein binding arrangements to initiate cellular DNA replication.
Architectural Availability Analysis of Software Decomposition for Local Recovery (2009)

Non-functional properties, such as timeliness, resource consumption and reliability are of crucial importance for today’s software systems. Therefore, it is important to know the non-functional behavior before the system is put into operation. Preferably, such properties should be analyzed at design time, at an architectural level, so that changes can be made early in the system development process. In this paper, we present an efficient and easy-to-use methodology to predict – at design time – the availability of systems that support local recovery. Our analysis techniques work at the architectural level, where the software designer simply inputs the software modules’ decomposition annotated with failure and repair rates. From this decomposition we automatically generate an analytical model (i.e. a continuous-time Markov chain), from which various performance and dependability measures are then computed, in a way that is completely transparent to the user. A crucial step is the use of intermediate models in the Input/Output Interactive Markov Chain formalism, which makes our techniques, efficient, mathematically rigorous, and easy to adapt. In particular, we use aggressive minimization techniques to keep the size of the generated state spaces small. We have applied our methodology on a realistic case study, namely the MPlayer open source software. We have investigated four different decomposition alternatives and compared our analytical results with the measured availability on a running MPlayer. We found that our predicted results closely match the measured ones.
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Molecules of Interest from Microalgae and Seaweeds (2011)

The purpose of this paper is to guide lectors in the extraction of algal (microalgae and seaweeds) compounds using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) from dry biomass. It proposes a review of ∼30 articles dealing with the SC-CO2 extraction of molecules of interest from microalgae and seaweeds. Among these papers, ∼20 are devoted to microalgae. The most extracted compounds are neutral lipids and antioxidants. Several operating conditions have been tested: pressures from 7.8 to 70 MPa, temperatures from 313.15 to 349.15 K, and CO2/algae mass ratio from 6 to 500. All extraction studies were performed at laboratory scale, with the masses of dry algae powder never exceeding 180 g. Extraction yields vary significantly with operating conditions: pressure seems to be the most influential parameter. The higher the pressure, the higher the yields and/or the faster the extraction kinetics. Temperature also has an influence, but its effect is dependent on pressure (retrograde behavior). Moreover, as expected, it is advised to work with a high CO2/algae mass ratio. From these works, it appears that, to perform an efficient extraction with SC–CO2, the influence of the algae pretreatment is highly significant. The first step is a centrifugation. The resulting concentrated algal suspension must then undergo a drying operation, which is generally freeze-drying or low-temperature drying. Finally, the algae are crushed. Concerning the influence of crushing, the reported results show that, as expected, the smaller the particles, the more rapid the extraction kinetics and/or the higher the yields.
Absolute distance measurement with extension of nonambiguity range using the frequency comb of a femtosecond laser (2014)

We revisit the method of synthetic wavelength interferometry (SWI) for absolute measurement of long distances using the radio-frequency harmonics of the pulse repetition rate of a mode-locked femtosecond laser. Our intention here is to extend the nonambiguity range (NAR) of the SWI method using a coarse virtual wavelength synthesized by shifting the pulse repetition rate. The proposed concept of NAR extension is experimentally verified by measuring a ∼13-m distance with repeatability of 9.5 μm (root-mean-square). The measurement precision is estimated to be 31.2 μm in comparison with an incremental He–Ne laser interferometer. This extended SWI method is found to be well suited for long-distance measurements demanded in the fields of large-scale precision engineering, geodetic survey, and future space missions.
Evidence for Endocyclic Cleavage of Conformationally Restricted Glycopyranosides (2009)

2,3-trans-Carbamate- and -carbonate-carrying pyranosides were very easily anomerised from the beta to the alpha direction in the presence of a Lewis acid compared to other pyranosides. This reaction is caused by endocyclic cleavage of the pyranosides. Evidence for endocyclic cleavage of conformationally restricted pyranosides in the chair form was obtained by intra- and intermolecular Friedel-Crafts reactions, chloride addition, and reduction of the generated cation. On the other hand, pyranosides with the distorted conformation were never cleaved in an endocyclic manner.
Determination of thickness and porosity of porous silicon layer using photoacoustic technique (2005)

The thickness of thin porous layers of silicon samples and their varying porosity have been determined using photoacoustic technique (PA). The measured values of the effective thermal diffusivity (α eff ) and effective thermal effusivity (e eff ) were exploited to determine the thickness of porous silicon (p-Si) film using the effective layer model. Also the determined α eft together with the two-layer model were used to obtain the thermal diffusivity of the p-Si layer only. Using Maxwell-Rayleigh model, the porosity percentage for the different samples were determined and compared to the results obtained by scanning electron microscope (SEM) with 10 % variations.
Ultrasonic Controlled Morphology Transformation of Hollow Calcium Phosphate Nanospheres:  A Smart and Biocompatible Drug Release System (2007)

Hollow-structured calcium phosphate nanospheres can be transferred into pin-shaped crystallites under the ultrasonic treatments, the release of encapsulated compounds can be on/off triggered, and its kinetics is precisely regulated by the power density, duty cycle, and application time of ultrasound.
The Measurement of the QT Interval (2014)

The evaluation of every electrocardiogram should also include an effort to interpret the QT interval to assess the risk of malignant arrhythmias and sudden death associated with an aberrant QT interval. The QT interval is measured from the beginning of the QRS complex to the end of the T-wave, and should be corrected for heart rate to enable comparison with reference values. However, the correct determination of the QT interval, and its value, appears to be a daunting task. Although computerized analysis and interpretation of the QT interval are widely available, these might well over- or underestimate the QT interval and may thus either result in unnecessary treatment or preclude appropriate measures to be taken. This is particularly evident with difficult T-wave morphologies and technically suboptimal ECGs. Similarly, also accurate manual assessment of the QT interval appears to be difficult for many physicians worldwide. In this review we delineate the history of the measurement of the QT interval, its underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and the current standards of the measurement of the QT interval, we provide a glimpse into the future and we discuss several issues troubling accurate measurement of the QT interval. These issues include the lead choice, U-waves, determination of the end of the T-wave, different heart rate correction formulas, arrhythmias and the definition of normal and aberrant QT intervals. Furthermore, we provide recommendations that may serve as guidance to address these complexities and which support accurate assessment of the QT interval and its interpretation.
A distributed interest management scheme for massively multi-user virtual environments (2008)

Massively multi user virtual environment (MMVE) applications must deal with the challenge of update message exchange among a large set of nodes distributed over the Internet. Therefore design of scalable network protocols is a major concern in such large scale distributed architectures. Several approaches have been proposed to aid update exchange in MMVEs. Message localization has always been a key point in the design of such distributed network protocols. Area of interest management (AoIM) mainly deals with the issues related to the update message localization with respect to the userpsilas interest. As the number of users in the virtual environment increases, update message localization becomes more important in order to prevent the transmission of a huge bulk of unnecessary updates to uninterested users. Therefore, scalable and efficient area of interest management is a crucial point in MMVE design. This paper introduces a new zone selection and distributed regional message filtering architecture for MMVE applications. We propose Delaunay tetrahedrization as a good way of virtual world partitioning due to several promising features. Moreover we propose the partitioning to be done with respect to barriers in order to reach a better performance through the filtering the updates that need not be propagated over the barriers. We will also introduce a distributed interest management protocol based on the previous partitioning technique. Our proposed distributed message dissemination approach is capable of providing the interested users with variable updates rate according to their required level of detail.
Key Extraction Using Thermal Laser Stimulation (2018)

Thermal laser stimulation (TLS) is a failure analysis technique, which can be deployed by an adversary to localize and read out stored secrets in the SRAM of a chip. To this date, a few proof-of-concept experiments based on TLS or similar approaches have been reported in the literature, which do not reflect a real attack scenario. Therefore, it is still questionable whether this attack technique is applicable to modern ICs equipped with side-channel countermeasures. The primary aim of this work is to assess the feasibility of launching a TLS attack against a device with robust security features. To this end, we select a modern FPGA, and more specifically, its key memory, the so-called battery-backed SRAM (BBRAM), as a target. We demonstrate that an attacker is able to extract the stored 256-bit AES key used for the decryption of the FPGA’s bitstream, by conducting just a single non-invasive measurement. Moreover, it becomes evident that conventional countermeasures are incapable of preventing our attack since the FPGA is turned off during key recovery. Based on our time measurements, the required effort to develop the attack is shown to be less than 7 hours. To avert this powerful attack, we propose a low-cost and CMOS compatible countermeasure circuit, which is capable of protecting the BBRAM from TLS attempts even when the FPGA is powered off. Using a proof-of-concept prototype of our countermeasure, we demonstrate its effectiveness against TLS key extraction attempts.
Controlled trial of N-acetylcysteine for patients with probable Alzheimer’s disease (2001)

The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or placebo was administered in a double-blind fashion to patients who met National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke-Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria for probable AD. Testing for efficacy occurred after 3 and 6 months of treatment. Comparison of interval change favored NAC treatment on nearly every outcome measure, although significant differences were obtained only for a subset of cognitive tasks.
Harmonic vibration test for accelerated reliability assessment of board level packaging (2012)

Board level package reliability under mechanical shock has always been a great concern for mobile electronic products. As a result of “short to market” demand for new electronic products, a great effort has always been made towards developing more efficient methods for reliability assessments. This paper presents a board level mechanical reliability test method based on harmonic vibration. Numerical simulation was used to determine the relationship between vibrating conditions and the sample responses. Strain gauges were used to measure the PCB deformation and verify the modeling. Failure detection system was constructed to collect the interconnects failure data of vibration tests. Results show that besides acceleration level, vibration amplitude is highly dependent on vibration frequency. Compared with very high pulse height and short pulse width of the acceleration in a drop impact, continuously vibration loading can achieve gradually increased vibration amplitudes until the balance of vibration loading and damping. A large amplitude vibration can be obtained using relatively low acceleration level at lowest resonance frequency, which produces similar strain amplitude in a drop impact test. Synchronal measurements of board strain and solder failure correlates loading condition with failure behavior. Failure data indicates the whole failure process can be divided into four stages. The loading cycle number to failure in vibration test is much more than those in drop impact tests. While vibration test takes much less testing time and performs much more effectively.