gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ku-band low noise amplifier with using short-stub ESD protection (2003)

A Ku-band ESD-protected low noise amplifier is designed using 0.15um pHEMT process. The input ESD protection is implemented with short-circuited stub. Since a short-circuited stub is used as an ESD protection as well as a matching element, there are no additional components and parasitic components associated with ESD protection. This endures 4400V (ESD tester limit) HBM test signal. The LNA has the noise figure of 1.24 dB and 24.5 dB gain at the frequency of 11.7-12.75 GHz.
A strategy for implementing dynamic element matching in current-steering DACs (2002)

Interesting comparisons of dynamic element matching (DEM) techniques, have been presented during the last decade. However, not many chip implementations of these DEM techniques have been presented so far. A brief review of different DEM techniques are presented in this paper together with a strategy for implementing the partial randomization DEM, PRDEM, technique in a 3.3 V supply, 14 bit CMOS current-steering wideband digital-to-analog converter (DAC).
A Digital PLL With Feedforward Multi-Tone Spur Cancellation Scheme Achieving <–73 dBc Fractional Spur and <–110 dBc Reference Spur in 65 nm CMOS (2016)

This paper proposes a fractional-N digital phase-locked loop (DPLL) architecture with feedforward multi-tone spur cancellation scheme. The proposed cancellation loop is capable of suppressing both internal spur, i.e., fractional-N spur, and externally coupled spur from input paths. It can be further extended for multi-stage operation for mitigating multiple spur sources. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results are provided in this paper to explore the design tradeoffs of the proposed technique. A proof-of-concept prototype is implemented in 65 nm CMOS. It measures external spur reduction of 15 to 35 dB and the worst-case fractional spur of 73.66 to 117 dBc with 20-50 dB improvement after enabling the cancellation loop. The measured reference spur ranges from 110.1 to 116.1 dBc across the entire DPLL operation range (3.2-4.8 GHz) thanks to design techniques. The measured in-band phase noise achieves 103 dBc at 100 kHz frequency offset and out-of-band phase noise of 122 dBc at 3 MHz frequency offset with integrated phase noise of 38.1 dBc from 10 kHz to 40 MHz.
Control of Catalytic Reactions at the Surface of a Metal Oxide Nanowire by Manipulating Electron Density Inside It (2004)

We show that the rates and extent of oxidation and reduction reactions taking place at the surface of a SnO2 nanowire, configured as a field-effect transistor, can be modified by changing the electron density in the wire with a gate voltage.
Denotational semantics-directed compilation using Prolog (2002)

Logic programming is advocated as a style for specifying the denotational semantics of programming languages. To investigate the applicability of logic programming as a metalanguage for denotational semantics, the authors have developed Prolog definitions of a simple imperative subject language using both an interpretive approach which uses the denotational semantics to interpret programs on some input and a compiler-oriented approach which translates programs into lambda calculus, essentially embedding a functional style into Prolog predicates. To make the latter executable, a lambda calculus machine is also defined in Prolog. It is found that there is a very natural representation of the denotational semantics domains and evaluation functions in Prolog. The compiler-oriented definition in particular has the significant property that the compilation of source programs can be executed in parallel. The result is that logic programming is a very suitable approach to denotational semantics and formal specification of programming languages in general.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Inhibitors for Metastasis Development (2006)

A leading cause of death, cancer remains the bane of modern society and one of the most challenging research fields. Cancer is initially a localized disease that can be often treated well at a very early stage. However the vast majority of cancer deaths result from a pernicious progression of the disease, the development of distant metastases. It must therefore be a pressing research goal to focus on the pharmacological prevention of metastasis development. This review summarizes the current understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of metastasis development, and suggests possible approaches for its inhibition. Keywords: Cancer, metastasis, migration, hormones, chemokines, neoneurogenesis, neurotransmitters, seven-helices receptors
Low oocyte mitochondrial DNA content in ovarian insufficiency (2004)

Our results suggest that low mtDNA content is associated with the impaired oocyte quality observed in ovarian insufficiency.
In-patient workload in medical specialties: 2. Profiles of individual diagnoses from linked statistics (1995)

We analysed hospital use for 58 common clinical conditions in the medical specialties, using data from the two districts covered by the Oxford record linkage study 1968-1986. Episode rates, person rates, and ratios of multiple admissions per person were computed. In young adults, poisoning was the most common reason for admission. In older adults, the most common clinical conditions included atherosclerotic diseases and smoking-related lung diseases. Comparing the first and last time periods studied, admission rates increased by 10% or more in 37 of the 58 conditions, including 7 of the 10 conditions with the highest overall hospitalization rates. Conditions in which admissions increased by 10% or more included myocardial infarction, other ischaemic heart disease, chronic obstructive lung disease, asthma, pneumonia, diabetes, poisoning, dementia, prostate cancer and breast cancer among others. Workload declined by 10% or more in 13 conditions, including stroke, subarachnoid haemorrhage, hypertension, thyrotoxicosis, acquired hypothyroidism, and tuberculosis. Secular trends in hospital use are generally attributable either to changes in disease frequency in the population or to changes in clinic- or hospital-based technology and practice.
Analysis of the behavior of the respiratory system with constant inspiratory flow (1985)

For a respiratory system with constant compliance and resistance a constant flow can occur during part or all of inspiration in two situations: when the flow is constrained to be constant throughout inspiration, such as is the case with some mechanical ventilators, and when the applied pressure is a ramp (i.e., increasing constantly with time), which may occur during mechanical ventilation and spontaneous breathing. After initial transients in pressure and flow, respectively, have decayed away both situations result in linear volume-time and pressure-time relationships. The slope of the corresponding pressure-volume line then yields an estimate of the total compliance of the respiratory system, and the intercept, divided by the constant flow, provides the total resistance. We have shown theoretically that, for a model composed of two compartments in parallel, the total compliance is the same as the static compliance and equals the sum of the compliances of the two compartments. Furthermore, this compliance is independent of the breathing frequency. However, the total resistance is, in general, a function of both the resistances and the compliances. When the time constants of the two compartments are equal the total resistance assumes its minimum value and becomes independent of the compliances. This minimum value of resistance can be obtained, regardless of the time constants, by dividing the immediate drop in airway opening pressure, obtained after occluding during steady state inspiration, by the inspiratory flow.
Placement: modelo clínico para o acompanhamento terapêutico (2006)

" Este trabalho apresenta o conceito de placement como um modelo para a teorização doacompanhamento terapêutico. O conceito de placement foi formulado por Winnicott comouma modalidade de atendimento clínico. Essa é uma perspectiva de trabalho clínico poucoconhecida entre nós. É uma modalidade de intervenção em que a noção de lugar é fundamental,pois nela o ser humano precisa encontrar um lugar que tenha sido oferta de um outro paraque se inicie o processo de constituição do self. O acompanhante terapêutico fornece aopaciente, fundamentalmente, um lugar no mundo, a partir do qual possa se inserir nacomunidade humana para destinar-se em direção a um horizonte existencial possível."
A CMOS peak detect sample and hold circuit (1994)

In pulse electronics systems, like particle calorimeters, circuits that can hold the peak value of a signal are important links. The desire of integrating complete particle detection systems on a single IC requires compact and low power peak detect sample and hold circuits (PDSH). In this paper, a PDSH architecture is presented which is especially designed for CMOS integration.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Eotaxin-3 as a Plasma Biomarker for Mucosal Eosinophil Infiltration in Chronic Rhinosinusitis (2019)

<b>Objective:</b> Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps exhibits marked eosinophilic infiltration and its mucosal eosinophilia is associated with more severe symptoms. The Japanese epidemiological survey of refractory eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis found that patients with nasal polyps required multiple surgeries when there were higher infiltrating eosinophils in the mucosa. In order to identify plasma biomarkers for local eosinophil infiltration in rhinosinusitis for surgery, we examined the levels of molecules in the plasma of patients and compared the number of infiltrating eosinophils in the nasal mucosa. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Mucosal tissues from 97 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) were obtained from the nasal polyps during surgery. Tissues were immediately fixed and sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The number of eosinophils in the mucosa was counted at HPF (x 400). Blood samples were obtained and the plasma was stored at -80°C. We measured the plasma cytokine and chemokine levels using multiple assay systems according to the manufacturers' protocols. The tissues were divided into high- and low-eosinophil mucosal infiltration group for recurrence after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). We also observed chemokine secretion from nasal fibroblasts. <b>Results:</b> The plasma level of eotaxin-3/ CC chemokine ligand 26 (CCL26) was significantly higher in the high-eosinophil mucosal infiltration group (<i>p</i> < 0.005). The number of infiltrating eosinophils in the mucosa was significantly higher in the group with the higher eotaxin-3 level (<i>p</i> < 0.001), but there was no significant difference in the blood eosinophil numbers among two groups. A significant positive correlation was found between the mucosal eosinophil count and the plasma levels of eotaxin-3 (<i>p</i> < 0.005). The levels of interleukin 33 (IL-33) (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and thymic stromal-derived lymphopoietin (TSLP) (<i>p</i> < 0.005) were significantly higher in the high-level eotaxin-3 group. IL-13 strongly induced the secretion of eotaxin-3 from human nasal fibroblasts (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <b>Conclusion:</b> This is the first report suggesting eotaxin-3 as a plasma biomarker for mucosal eosinophil infiltration. Furthermore, the level of eotaxin-3 was found to be closely related to IL-33 and TSLP levels which indicate respiratory diseases.
Mash Me Up, Mash Me Down: Restructuring Email for Content Sharing and Collaboration in Distributed Teams (2008)

Distributed teams working across organizational boundaries often experience difficulties in sharing digital materials that are essential to their work. Although work deliverables require content co-production and exchange, we find that differing sociotechnical practices, user access restrictions to file servers and divergent naming and filing practices impede smooth workflow operations. In this paper we describe a trans-organizational practice for extending a commonly available set of collaboration tools (email and file sharing) to address the information sharing requirements of a widely distributed project team. Our solution supports the sharing of digital materials such as domain documents, working notes, and coordination documents using email – the ubiquitous content sharing tool. To do this, we restructure the email client in a manner that preserves its original familiarity and functions, and extends it with text analysis, recommended personal tags, and agreed-upon, group tag naming conventions for automatic filing to shared repositories. We discuss how the practice and supporting technology work with the emerging “mashup ” and “mashdown ” notions of software development.
Desarrollo de un modelo de trasplante traqueal alogenico en conejos (1997)

Desarrollamos un modelo experimental de trasplante alogenico traqueal heterotopico realizado en conejos. El objetivo es en primer lugar evaluar a la perfusion de los donantes de traquea con soluciones conservantes (collins en nuestra investigacion), mejora la supervivencia del trasplante traqueal. En segundo lugar valorar los niveles de citocinas (interleucina-1 y tnfx) y nielo-pesoxidasa en el trasplante traqueal y la influencia del tratamiento con ciclosporina sobre estos. Evaluados los resultados obtenidos, concluimos que la perfusion del donante con solucion de collins no mejora por si sola la superfivencia en el trasplante traqueal pero asociada a inmunosupresion ciclosporina, la supervivencia del transplante es mayor. Ademas la perfusion con solucion de collins del donante junto con la inmunosupresion del receptor disminuye significativamente los niveles de il-1, tnf x y nieloperoxidasa.
Distribution and Molecular Evolution of Rhamnose-binding Lectins in<i>Salmonidae</i>: Isolation and Characterization of Two Lectins from White-spotted Charr (<i>Salvelinus leucomaenis</i>) Eggs (2002)

L-Rhamnose-binding lectins were isolated from white-spotted charr (Salvelinus leucomaenis) eggs to understand the distribution and molecular evolution of the lectins in Salmonidae. Only two L-rhamnose-binding lectins, named WCL1 and WCL3, were isolated from white-spotted charr eggs, though three lectins, named STL1, STL2, and STL3, had been obtained from steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) eggs. The cDNAs of WCL1 and WCL3 included 1,245 and 838 bp nucleotides with open reading frames of 933 and 651 nucleotides, respectively, and encoded for the complete amino acid sequences of mature proteins consisted of 288 (WCL1) and 195 (WCL3) residues, and signal sequences of 23 and 22 residues, respectively. WCLs were composed of three (for WCL1) or two (for WCL3) tandemly repeated homologous domains, which consisted of about 95 amino acid residues, and showed 91 and 93% sequence identities to STL1 and STL3, respectively. The mRNAs of WCL1 and WCL3 were detected exclusively in liver and ovary, respectively, however, neither a protein nor mRNA corresponding to STL2 could be identified in white-spotted charr. The phylogenetic tree of the sequences encoding carbohydrate recognition domains of 7 lectins from 4 species shows 5 functional clusters and their evolutional process. These results indicate that multiple L-rhamnose-binding isolectins have diverged by gene duplication and exon shuffling to play various biological roles in each species.
ORBIT Testbed Software Architecture: Supporting Experiments as a Service (2005)

This paper presents the software architecture of the ORBIT radio grid testbed. We describe the requirements for supporting the lifecycle of an experiment and how they influenced the overall design of the architecture. We specifically highlight those components and services which will be visible to a user of the ORBIT testbed.
Synthesis and Conformational Properties of 3,4-Difluoro-<scp>l</scp>-prolines (2019)

Fluorinated proline derivatives have found diverse applications in areas ranging from medicinal chemistry over structural biochemistry to organocatalysis. Depending on the stereochemistry of monofluorination at the proline 3- or 4-position, different effects on the conformational properties of proline (ring pucker, cis/ trans isomerization) are introduced. With fluorination at both 3- and 4-positions, matching or mismatching effects can occur depending on the relative stereochemistry. Here we report, in full, the syntheses and conformational properties of three out of the four possible 3,4-difluoro-l-proline diastereoisomers. The yet unreported conformational properties are described for (3 S,4 S)- and (3 R,4 R)-difluoro-l-proline, which are shown to bias ring pucker and cis/ trans ratios on the same order of magnitude as their respective monofluorinated progenitors, although with significantly faster amide cis/ trans isomerization rates. The reported analogues thus expand the scope of available fluorinated proline analogues as tools to tailor proline's distinct conformational and dynamical properties, allowing for the interrogation of its role in, for instance, protein stability or folding.
Current-mode multiple-input Max circuit (1994)

A CMOS continuous time current-mode circuit which provides the maximum of n analogue inputs is presented. This structure exhibits O(n) complexity, and allows high precision and speed with small area and very low power dissipation. Its operation is discussed and illustrated with simulation results.
Transformação genética da batata cultivar Achat via Agrobacterium tumefaciens (2000)

Explantes de segmentos nodais de batata (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivar Achat provenientes da cultura in vitro foram transformados, via Agrobacterium tumefaciens, estirpe LBA4404, contendo o vetor binário pBI121 com os genes npt II e o gus-intron. A regeneração de potenciais transformantes foi feita em meio seletivo contendo 50 mg.L-1 de canamicina. Foram obtidas plantas expressando resistência à canamicina e atividade da b-glucuronidase. Pela análise molecular nas plantas gus+, via PCR, constatou-se a amplificação dos genes npt II. A hibridização por Southern blotting demonstrou a inserção de pelo menos uma cópia do gene introduzido.
Experiment and Practice on the Wastewater Treatment in Tunnel Construction Processing (2013)

The concentration of suspended solid (SS) was confirmed as the main pollutants in wastewater from the tunnel construction processing through wastewater source and water quality in the tunnel construction processing being analyzed. The rapid wastewater treatment device was designed which combined with rotational flow sedimentation tank and flocculation reaction pool that the cement was used as flocculants. The results showed at the preliminary test that the removal efficiency of SS was above 94%. The effluent can meet the wastewater discharge standard. It was the fact that the treatment method was fast and convenient processing.
Cyclisation/cleavage of macrocycles by ring-closing metathesis on solid support—conformational studies (1997)

Grubbs’ ruthenium metathesis catalyst 1 was used to investigate the catalytic cyclisation/cleavage of tetrapeptide-derived macrocycles from a solid support; the rate dependence on substrate conformation has been studied.
Intensification of the aerobic bioremediation of an actual site soil historically contaminated by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) through bioaugmentation with a non acclimated, complex source of microorganisms (2006)

Enzyveba appears a promising agent for bioaugmenting actual-site PCB-polluted soils with a native low content of indigenous specialized microflora. This not only for its positive effects on the soil biotreatability but also for its availability on the market at a relatively low cost.
Cross layer design of Application-level Resource Management interfaces (2009)

Different multimedia applications have different characteristics and properties which determine specific quality of service (QoS). For QoS purposes the application functions may interact with the resource management function or rely on the service control functions. The optimal utilization of network resources implies cross-layer approach to resource management that allows third party application control also. Third party applications can access QoS control functions through application programming interfaces (APIs). The paper presents a definition approach to Application-level Resource Management APIs that are Open Service Access (OSA) compliant. The API definition is based on the resource control procedures defined in the Policy and Charging Control architecture for IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS).
Catalytic Addition of Amine NH Bonds to Carbodiimides by Half‐Sandwich Rare‐Earth Metal Complexes: Efficient Synthesis of Substituted Guanidines through Amine Protonolysis of Rare‐Earth Metal Guanidinates (2007)

Reaction of [Ln(CH(2)SiMe(3))(3)(thf)(2)] (Ln=Y, Yb, and Lu) with one equivalent of Me(2)Si(C(5)Me(4)H)NHR' (R'=Ph, 2,4,6-Me(3)C(6)H(2), tBu) affords straightforwardly the corresponding half-sandwich rare-earth metal alkyl complexes [{Me(2)Si(C(5)Me(4))(NR')}Ln(CH(2)SiMe(3))(thf)(n)] (1: Ln = Y, R' = Ph, n=2; 2: Ln = Y, R' = C(6)H(2)Me(3)-2,4,6, n=1; 3: Ln = Y, R' = tBu, n=1; 4: Ln = Yb, R' = Ph, n=2; 5: Ln = Lu, R' = Ph, n=2) in high yields. These complexes, especially the yttrium complexes 1-3, serve as excellent catalyst precursors for the catalytic addition of various primary and secondary amines to carbodiimides, efficiently yielding a series of guanidine derivatives with a wide range of substituents on the nitrogen atoms. Functional groups such as C[triple chemical bond]N, C[triple chemical bond]CH, and aromatic C--X (X: F, Cl, Br, I) bonds can survive the catalytic reaction conditions. A primary amino group can be distinguished from a secondary one by the catalyst system, and therefore, the reaction of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5-aminoisoquinoline with iPrN==C==NiPr can be achieved stepwise first at the primary amino group to selectively give the monoguanidine 38, and then at the cyclic secondary amino unit to give the biguanidine 39. Some key reaction intermediates or true catalyst species, such as the amido complexes [{Me(2)Si(C(5)Me(4))(NPh)}Y(NEt(2))(thf)(2)] (40) and [{Me(2)Si(C(5)Me(4))(NPh)}Y(NHC(6)H(4)Br-4)(thf)(2)] (42), and the guanidinate complexes [{Me(2)Si(C(5)Me(4))(NPh)}Y{iPrNC(NEt(2))(NiPr)}(thf)] (41) and [{Me(2)Si(C(5)Me(4))(NPh)}Y{iPrN}C(NC(6)H(4)Br-4)(NHiPr)}(thf)] (44) have been isolated and structurally characterized. Reactivity studies on these complexes suggest that the present catalytic formation of a guanidine compound proceeds mechanistically through nucleophilic addition of an amido species, formed by acid-base reaction between a rare-earth metal alkyl bond and an amine N--H bond, to a carbodiimide, followed by amine protonolysis of the resultant guanidinate species.