gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Targeting B-cell receptor signaling kinases in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: the promise of entospletinib (2016)

The B-cell receptor signaling pathway has emerged as an important therapeutic target in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and other B-cell malignancies. Novel agents have been developed targeting the signaling enzymes spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK), Bruton's tyrosine kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta. This review discusses the rationale for targeting these enzymes, as well as the preclinical and clinical evidence supporting their role as therapeutic targets, with a particular focus on SYK inhibition with entospletinib.
New developments in percutaneous coronary intervention (2003)

Percutaneous coronary intervention has become a more common procedure than coronary artery bypass surgery in many countries, and the number of procedures continues to rise. In one day an interventionist may treat four to six patients with complex, multivessel disease or acute coronary syndromes. Various balloons, stents, and other devices are delivered by means of a 2 mm diameter catheter introduced via a peripheral artery. The success rate is over 95%, and the risk of serious complications is low. After a few hours patients can be mobilised, and they are usually discharged the same or the next day. Even the spectre of restenosis is now fading.

The present success of percutaneous procedures is largely because of refinement of our “basic tools” (intracoronary guidewires and low profile balloons), which have greatly contributed to the safety and effectiveness of procedures. However, the greatest technological advance has been in the development of stents. These are usually cut by laser from stainless steel tubes into a variety of designs, each with different radial strength and flexibility. They are chemically etched or electropolished to a fine finish and sometimes coated.

Digital angiography is a great advance over cine-based systems, and relatively benign contrast media have replaced the toxic media used in early angioplasty. Although magnetic resonance and computed tomographic imaging may become useful in the non-invasive diagnosis of coronary artery disease, angiography will remain indispensable to guide percutaneous interventions for the foreseeable future.

View this table:

Interventional devices and their uses



Pre-eminent among new devices is the drug eluting (coated) stent, which acts as a drug delivery device to reduce restenosis. The first of these was the sirolimus coated Cypher stent. Sirolimus is one of several agents that have powerful antimitotic effects and inhibit new tissue growth inside the artery and stent. In a randomised controlled trial (RAVEL) …
Identifying Predicted Immunization “Pockets of Need,” Hillsborough County, Florida, 1996-1997 (1999)

Identifying Predicted Immunization “Pockets of Need,” Hillsborough County, Florida, 1996-1997: PDF Only
Neuropilins are multifunctional coreceptors involved in tumor initiation, growth, metastasis and immunity (2012)

The neuropilins (Nrps) are multifunctional proteins involved in development, immunity and cancer. Neuropilin-1 (Nrp1), or its homologue neuropilin-2 (Nrp2), are coreceptors that enhance responses to several growth factors (GFs) and other mediators. Nrps are coreceptors for the class 3 semaphorins (SEMA3), involved in axonal guidance, and several members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family. However, recent findings reveal they have a much broader spectrum of activity. They bind transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and its receptors, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor (cMet), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and its receptors, fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), and integrins. Nrps also promote Hedgehog signaling. These ligands and pathways are all relevant to angiogenesis and wound healing. In the immune system, the Nrps are expressed primarily by dendritic cells (DCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs), and exert mainly inhibitory effects. In cancer, Nrps have been linked to a poor prognosis, which is consistent with their numerous interactions with ligands and receptors that promote tumor progression. We hypothesize that Nrps boost responses by capturing ligands, regulating GF receptor expression, endocytosis and recycling, and possibly also by signaling independently. Importantly, they promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the survival of cancer stem cells. The recent finding that Nrps bind and internalize cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) with arginine/lysine-rich C-terminal motifs (C-end rule; e.g., RXXR) is of interest. These CPPs can be coupled to large drugs for cancer therapy. Almost all studies have been preclinical, but findings suggest Nrps are excellent targets for anti-cancer drug development.
Preparation of HMgX compounds and their reactions with alane and borane in tetrahydrofuran (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of HMgX compounds and their reactions with alane and borane in tetrahydrofuranE. C. Ashby and A. B. GoelCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1977, 16, 11, 2941–2944Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50177a055https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50177a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views138Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Molecular Analysis of Lipoxygenases Associated with Nodule Development in Soybean (2008)

We utilized transcriptional profiling to identify genes associated with nodule development in soybean. Many of the candidate genes were predicted to be involved in processes such as defense, metabolism, transcriptional regulation, oxidation, or iron storage. Here, we describe the detailed characterization of one specific class of genes that encode the enzyme lipoxygenase (LOX). The LOX9 and LOX10 genes identified by microarray analysis represent novel soybean LOXs expressed in developing nodules. LOX expression during nodulation was relatively complex, with at least eight different LOX genes expressed in soybean nodules. Histochemical analyses utilizing LOX9 promoter::beta-glucuronidase (GUS) fusion constructs in transgenic soybean hairy roots suggest that this gene is involved in the growth and development of specific cells within the root and nodules. In soybean roots, LOX9 was expressed specifically in the developing phloem. In nodules, the expression of LOX9 was correlated with the development of cells in the vasculature and lenticels. The use of RNAi in transgenic hairy roots reduced LOX expression by approximately 95%. Despite this significant reduction in LOX expression, there was no detectable effect on the development of roots or nodules. Our findings are discussed with respect to the potential function of LOXs in nodulation.
SASD: the S ynthetic A lternative S plicing D atabase for identifying novel isoform from proteomics (2013)

The SASD provides the scientific community with an efficient means to identify, analyze, and characterize novel Exon Skipping and Intron Retention protein isoforms from mass spectrometry and interpret them at the context of pathway, disease, drug and organ specificity or custom gene set with maximum coverage and exclusive focus on alternative splicing.
Learning video preferences from video content (2007)

Viewers of video now have more choices than ever. As the number of choices increases, the task of searching through these choices to locate video of interest is becoming more difficult. Current methods for learning a viewer's preferences in order to automate the search process rely either on video having content descriptions or on having been rated by other viewers identified as being similar. However, much video exists that does not meet these requirements. To address this need, we use hidden Markov models to learn the preferences of a viewer by combining visual features and closed captions. Results are provided from some initial experiments using this approach.
Docosahexaenoic Acid and Cognition throughout the Lifespan (2016)

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is the predominant omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) found in the brain and can affect neurological function by modulating signal transduction pathways, neurotransmission, neurogenesis, myelination, membrane receptor function, synaptic plasticity, neuroinflammation, membrane integrity and membrane organization. DHA is rapidly accumulated in the brain during gestation and early infancy, and the availability of DHA via transfer from maternal stores impacts the degree of DHA incorporation into neural tissues. The consumption of DHA leads to many positive physiological and behavioral effects, including those on cognition. Advanced cognitive function is uniquely human, and the optimal development and aging of cognitive abilities has profound impacts on quality of life, productivity, and advancement of society in general. However, the modern diet typically lacks appreciable amounts of DHA. Therefore, in modern populations, maintaining optimal levels of DHA in the brain throughout the lifespan likely requires obtaining preformed DHA via dietary or supplemental sources. In this review, we examine the role of DHA in optimal cognition during development, adulthood, and aging with a focus on human evidence and putative mechanisms of action.
Role of the Insect Supervectors <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> and <i>Frankliniella occidentalis</i> in the Emergence and Global Spread of Plant Viruses (2015)

Emergence of insect-transmitted plant viruses over the past 10-20 years has been disproportionately driven by two so-called supervectors: the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, and the Western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis. High rates of reproduction and dispersal, extreme polyphagy, and development of insecticide resistance, together with human activities, have made these insects global pests. These supervectors transmit a diversity of plant viruses by different mechanisms and mediate virus emergence through local evolution, host shifts, mixed infections, and global spread. Associated virus evolution involves reassortment, recombination, and component capture. Emergence of B. tabaci-transmitted geminiviruses (begomoviruses), ipomoviruses, and torradoviruses has led to global disease outbreaks as well as multiple paradigm shifts. Similarly, F. occidentalis has mediated tospovirus host shifts and global dissemination and the emergence of pollen-transmitted ilarviruses. The plant virus-supervector interaction offers exciting opportunities for basic research and global implementation of generalized disease management strategies to reduce economic and environmental impacts.
The Limits of Metrological Performativity: Valuing Equities in the London Stock Exchange (2006)

This article critically engages with metrological performativity as an approach to conceptualising and investigating the social aspects of markets. In its simplest form, it conceives economics (and related professions) as a set of practices that go beyond the measurement of economies and economic agents to also shape, format and discipline them. The approach has a number of implications for the way actors and social relations in markets are researched. It has found many advocates especially from within the emerging field of cultural economy. This piece finds that such an approach has a number of limitations that hinder and restrict empirical investigation. Objections are illustrated by case study material focusing on the way company shares are promoted and valued in the London Stock Exchange (LSE). Here, the evidence suggests that metrological performativity can only be applied in a limited way.
Desert whales and a fishing village (2013)

I heard about the whale fossils years ago: That they existed, and that they were somewhere in the department of Arequipa in Peru's south. Yet for a long time I couldn't find a single Arequipeno who knew what I was talking about, let alone someone who could tell me the practicalities of how to get to them. Now, after a few visits to Arequipa city, the fossils have passed out of myth and become a place at the end of a bus route. The fishing village of Lomas is where we have to go. It's a ten-hour trip from Arequipa city and the bus departs at 7.30 pm only three times per week.
Bovine type I interferon receptor protein BoIFNAR‐1 has high‐affinity and broad specificity for human type I interferons (1998)

The type I interferon receptor (IFNAR) is composed of two transmembrane polypeptides, IFNAR-1 and IFNAR-2. Human IFNAR-1 has low intrinsic affinity for IFNs, but enhances the affinity for IFNs of the complex over that of HuIFNAR-2 alone, and modulates the ligand specificity. Bovine cells respond to human alpha interferons. The bovine homologue of HuIFNAR-1, BoIFNAR-1, when expressed in heterologous cells, confers high-affinity binding and broad specificity for human type I IFNs. A soluble fusion protein of the ectodomain of BoIFNAR-1 and an immunoglobulin Fc domain was produced. In contrast to HuIFNAR-1, this protein competes strongly with human cells for IFN binding, and directly binds a wide spectrum of human type I IFNs, including diverse IFN-alphas, IFN-beta and IFN-omega, with moderate to high affinity. This accounts for much of the specificity for human IFNs possessed by bovine cells, with several exceptions. The BoIFNAR-1 ectodomain, in contrast to HuIFNAR-1, may be useful for studies of binary and ternary complexes with IFNs and IFNAR-2, and for purification, assay and biological neutralization protocols.
NaCl‐activated nucleoside diphosphate kinase from extremely halophilic archaeon, <i>Halobacterium salinarum</i>, maintains native conformation without salt (2001)

Enzymes from extremely halophilic archaea are readily denatured in the absence of a high salt concentration. However, we have observed here that a nucleoside diphosphate kinase prepared from Halobacterium salinarum was active and stable in the absence of salt, though it has the amino acid composition characteristic of halophilic enzymes. Recombinant nucleoside diphosphate kinase expressed in Escherichia coli requires salt for activation in vitro, but once it acquires the proper folding, it no longer requires the presence of salts for its activity and stability.
Highly Efficient Macromolecule-Sized Poration of Lipid Bilayers by a Synthetically Evolved Peptide (2014)

Peptides that self-assemble, at low concentration, into bilayer-spanning pores which allow the passage of macromolecules would be beneficial in multiple areas of biotechnology. However, there are few, if any, natural or designed peptides that have this property. Here we show that the 26-residue peptide "MelP5", a synthetically evolved gain-of-function variant of the bee venom lytic peptide melittin identified in a high-throughput screen for small molecule leakage, enables the passage of macromolecules across bilayers under conditions where melittin and other pore-forming peptides do not. In surface-supported bilayers, MelP5 forms unusually high conductance, equilibrium pores at peptide:lipid ratios as low as 1:25000. The increase in bilayer conductance due to MelP5 is dramatically higher, per peptide, than the increase due to the parent sequence of melittin or other peptide pore formers. Here we also develop two novel assays for macromolecule leakage from vesicles, and we use them to characterize MelP5 pores in bilayers. We show that MelP5 allows the passage of macromolecules across vesicle membranes at peptide:lipid ratios as low as 1:500, and under conditions where neither osmotic lysis nor gross vesicle destabilization occur. The macromolecule-sized, equilibrium pores formed by MelP5 are unique as neither melittin nor other pore-forming peptides release macromolecules significantly under the same conditions. MelP5 thus appears to belong to a novel functional class of peptide that could form the foundation of multiple potential biotechnological applications.
Core‐shell structured ferrite‐silsesquioxane‐epoxy nanocomposites: Composite homogeneity and mechanical and magnetic properties (2011)

Abstract Epoxy‐based composites of ferrite nanoparticles (50 nm) with 3‐glycidoxypropyl‐ (GPTMS), aminopropyl‐ (APTMS), or methyl‐silsesquioxane (MTMS) coatings are reported. The GPTMS coatings (30‐nm thick) allowed uniform particle dispersion in the epoxy and prevented sedimentation of the nanoparticles, whereas the APTMS‐coated particles formed agglomerates, leading to particle sedimentation. The particles with the thinnest coating (MTMS – 3 nm) agglomerated in the composites without sedimentation. The composites based on GPTMS‐coated particles showed higher fracture toughness than the composites based on MTMS‐coated particles. The uniformity and thickness of the coatings were related to alcohol composition of the coating media. Coating removal by a novel ultrasonic etching allowed precise determination of the effective ferrite content in the coated nanoparticles. A markedly lower coercivity for nanoparticles without coatings as compared with the nanoparticles with thicker coatings was observed. The saturation magnetization and the coercivity of the composites were independent of coating and casting procedures. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Rational and efficient site‐directed mutagenesis of adenylation domain alters relative yields of luminmide derivatives in vivo (2015)

Cloning and engineering of natural product biosynthetic pathways followed by heterologous expression in a tractable host is a widely used approach for expression and genetic modification of microbial secondary metabolites. Herein, we employed ccdB counterselection combined with oligonucleotide-mediated recombineering to efficiently create point mutations in a complex nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) from Photorabdus luminescens directing the biosynthesis of luminmides. After in depth analysis of the luminmide production profile from the native NRPS, single and double point mutations were rationally constructed within the adenylation (A) domain from NRPS module 3 which turned out to have a broad substrate tolerance. Expression of mutated versions of the 15.6 kb NRPS gene plu3263 in E. coli led to alterations in luminmide production profiles and allowed to direct the biosynthesis towards certain derivatives. These results demonstrate the suitability of counterselection recombineering for site-directed mutagenesis of complex expression constructs, e.g., genes encoding NRPS biosynthetic pathways in multi-copy plasmids.
Design and implementation of multi-touch system using FTIR technique for optimization of finger touch detection (2010)

In recent years, multi-touch screens are emerging and seem to be ubiquitous in near future. The intuitive surfaces provide collaborative workspace for users to perform natural style of multi-touch interaction simultaneously. Users can access the interactive elements such as WIMP (window, icon, menus and pointing) using their bare fingers. At the same time multi-touch screens have ambiguity in multiple finger touch detection. Users acquire the accuracy in the fingers touch detection during the selection of interactive elements. In order to optimize the multiple finger touch detection, we propose the system and its architecture using the Frustrated Total Internal Reflection (FTIR) sensing technique. The system surface is improved by superimposing the transparent layers on acrylic surface. In addition, we modify the architecture of multi-touch surface by configuring the infrared light emitting diodes against the clean edges of acrylic surface. In order to test the system we conduct the experiment by involving the subjects and investigate the quality of fingertip blobs. The proposed system may increase the image quality of fingertip blobs which may help in achieving the fidelity for sensing the multiple fingers on interactive surface.
Windows Server 2008 Administrator's Pocket Consultant (2010)

Now updated for Windows Server 2008 R2, this practical, portable guide delivers ready answers for the day-to-day administration of Windows Server 2008. It includes coverage of Windows Server 2008 R2 enhancements, including Hyper-V with Live Migration, Direct Access Infrastructure, Branch Cache, Windows PowerShell 2.0, the new Active Directory(r) console, and more. Zero in on core support and administration tasks using quick-reference tables, instructions, and lists. You ll get the focused information you need to solve problems and get the job done whether at your desk or in the field! Get fast facts to: Set up server roles and deploy Windows Server 2008 Configure and maintain Active Directory(r) Create user and group accounts; control rights and permissions Manage file systems, drives, and RAID arrays Configure TCP/IP networking and DHCP and DNS clients and servers Troubleshoot printers and print servers Monitor and tune network performance Prepare a disaster plan; back up and restore servers
Desired IP control methodology for EUV mask in current mask process (2008)

Extreme ultra-violet (EUV) lithography is one of the leading potential solutions for next generation lithography. Image placement (IP) errors specific to EUV mask induced by non-telecentricity have to be minimized to satisfy the strict IP requirement. IP accuracy of EUV mask is considerably influenced by electro-static chuck (ESC) characteristics and backside non-flatness of each blank when it is held by ESC in EB mask writer, IP metrology tool, and exposure tool as suggested in SEMI standard. We propose to apply the correction technique to each EUV mask in EB mask writing with flatness data of blank and ESC to minimize IP errors caused by mask non-flatness and ESC characteristics. In addition, IP control methodology for EUV mask with conventional IP metrology tool is proposed for pattern writing by EB mask writer with this correction technique. Early development of EUV mask patterning is enabled by this IP control methodology without substantial changes to the current mask process.
Design of a network level management information model for automatically switched transport networks (2003)

The concept of automatically switched transport networks (ASTN) combines elements of distributed connection management from the IP world with classical transport network functionality. This has a deep impact on the management concepts for this new kind of network and calls for a management solution that supports migration of existing transport network management systems to ASTN enabled networks. This contribution discusses challenges for ASTN management that result from these issues and proposes guidelines for the design of a network level management information model for such networks. A proposal for the structure and the basic objects of the ASTN information model is presented. This information model will be validated by implementation of management systems and field trial experiments that are scheduled for the second quarter of 2002.