gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A phase noise suppression algorithm for OFDM-based WLANs (2002)

Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) has been specified by the IEEE 802.11a standard as the transmission technique for high-rate wireless local area networks (WLANs). The performance of an OFDM system, however, is heavily degraded by random Wiener phase noise, which causes both common phase error (CPE) and inter-carrier interference (ICI). To mitigate this problem, a new phase noise suppression (PNS) algorithm is proposed to efficiently eliminate the effect of phase noise on OFDM-based WLANs. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Synthesis and Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitory Activity of a Series of 2-Amino-8<i>H</i>-pyrido[2,3-<i>d</i>]pyrimidines:  Identification of Potent, Selective Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (1998)

Screening of a compound library led to the identification of 2-amino-6-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-8-methylpyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine (1) as a inhibitor of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFr), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFr), and c-src tyrosine kinases (TKs). Replacement of the primary amino group at C-2 of 1 with a 4-(N,N-diethylaminoethoxy)phenylamino group yielded 2a, which had greatly increased activity against all three TKs. In the present work, variation of the aromatic group at C-6 and of the alkyl group at N-8 of the pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine core provided several analogues that retained potency, including derivatives that were biased toward inhibition of the TK activity of PDGFr. Analogues of 2a with a 3-thiophene or an unsubstituted phenyl group at C-6 were the most potent inhibitors. Compound 54, which had IC50 values of 31, 88, and 31 nM against PDGFr, FGFr, and c-src TK activity, respectively, was active in a variety of PDGF-dependent cellular assays and blocked the in vivo growth of three PDGF-dependent tumor lines.
Thin film head with staggered pole tips (1991)

The authors propose a cost-effective approach to reduce write track widths down to the sub-micron range. Thin-film heads with staggered pole tips, such that the track width is defined by the overlap of pole tips, have been fabricated with processes similar to the conventional thin-film head process. Both the transverse and the longitudinal configurations have been examined. Heads of both configurations have worked well, achieving satisfactory overwrite performance and track definition. Narrow track write heads capable of writing transitions as narrow as 0.7 mu m have been demonstrated. such sub-micron write heads hold potential for achieving high track densities in conjunction with magnetoresistive read heads.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Enhanced TDMA Based Anti-Collision Algorithm with a Dynamic Frame Size Adjustment Strategy for Mobile RFID Readers (2009)

In the fields of production, manufacturing and supply chain management, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is regarded as one of the most important technologies. Nowadays, Mobile RFID, which is often installed in carts or forklift trucks, is increasingly being applied to the search for and checkout of items in warehouses, supermarkets, libraries and other industrial fields. In using Mobile RFID, since the readers are continuously moving, they can interfere with each other when they attempt to read the tags. In this study, we suggest a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) based anti-collision algorithm for Mobile RFID readers. Our algorithm automatically adjusts the frame size of each reader without using manual parameters by adopting the dynamic frame size adjustment strategy when collisions occur at a reader. Through experiments on a simulated environment for Mobile RFID readers, we show that the proposed method improves the number of successful transmissions by about 228% on average, compared with Colorwave, a representative TDMA based anti-collision algorithm.
Method for harvesting solar energy (2021)

The cooling of the surface of the solar photovoltaic (PV) system is a major operative factor in achieving greater efficiency. Correct cooling can improve electrical efficiency and reduce cell degradation rates over time. This results in increasing the life of the solar PV modules. In industrial and domestic utilization, the cooling system is used for the removal of excess heat. This paper presents a new method for cooling systems for solar PV which results in the improvement in the collection of the solar insolation. The additional feature of the method has been the tracking of sunlight for efficient power generation. Further, the extra heat can be utilized for other purposes including heating and power generation through thermal means. The concept of the proposed system has been explained in detail with the pictorial representation. Also, for the validation of the improved performance of the proposed system, a detailed comparison with the conventional methods have been provided for five different cities of Saudi Arabia and an improvement of twice collection of insolation has been estimated compare to the conventional systems. The proposed system shows improved performance for all operating conditions.
Human Bone Cells: Newly Discovered Target Cells for Sex Steroids (1994)

This presentation was planned to introduce the novice to bone tissue as a target tissue for sex steroids. Recent advances in this and other laboratories have now implicated both osteoblasts and osteoclasts as target cells for steroid hormones including estrogen (E2). It is, therefore, the hypothesis of this laboratory that E2 plays a major role in the coupling of bone resorbing osteoclasts and bone forming osteoblasts. This coupling appears to involve chemical signals which maintain homeostasis between the activities of these two cell types and abnormalities in coupling have been implicated in osteoporosis. Our laboratories discovered E2 receptors (ER) (as well as progesterone and androgen receptors) in normal human osteoblast-like (hOB) cells, avian osteoclasts (avOC), and recently in human osteoclast-like giant cell tumors (hGCTs). We have identified no E2 effects on cell proliferation or matrix protein production in hOB cells, but have identified a significant E2 induction of TGF-β in these cultured hOB cells. TGF-β is an important cytokine likely to play a key role in E2 action on bone. Since TGF-β is reported to be regulated by Fos/Jun, we then investigated and have preliminary results which demonstrate that E2 rapidly and markedly regulates the steady state mRNA levels of the c-fos gene in the hOB cells and, to a lesser degree, the other nuclear proto-oncogenes. We are currently examining the nature of the E2 regulation of the c-fos gene in hOB cells and the activation of the TGF-β factor by steroids. We have previously demonstrated that avOC contain high levels of ER and respond to E2 treatment with a dose-dependent decrease in in vitro resorption of [3H]proline labelled bone particles. To more accurately assess E2 influence on OC activity, the specificity of the E2 modulation of resorption levels was recently determined using a quantitative pit resorption assay. Treatment with E2 significantly decreased the number of avOC resorption pits formed when compared with either vehicle or 17-αE2 treatment. Cotreatment with E2 and hydroxytamoxifen (a complete E2 antagonist in birds) abrogated the influence of E2 on resorption activity. We have recently found that hGCTs respond to E2 similarly to the avOC. These in vitro actions of E2 in reducing bone resorption mimics the biological responses of E2 on human bone resorption in vivo. In order to elucidate the mechanism by which E2 inhibits OC resorbing activity, which involves OC lysosomal activity, the effects of E2 on the steady state mRNA levels of expression of certain lysosomal proteins has been demonstrated. It is the ultimate goal to identify the growth factors involved in the coupling process between OB and OC and determine which are regulated by E2.
Weak value amplification of an optical Faraday differential refraction effect (2012)

In the presence of a longitudinal magnetic field B, a beam of linearly polarized light incident from a Faraday medium of Verdet constant V refracts at its interface with a medium of negligible Verdet constant and emerges as two opposite circularly polarized beams that are separated by a small divergence angle δ that is proportional to the product BV. Judicious postselection of the polarization state of the emergent light can be used to amplify the measured value of δ by several orders of magnitude. This technique makes it possible to optically measure either very small V values when B is known or small magnetic fields when V is known.
Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of HIV-1 V3 Glycopeptides Carrying Two <i>N</i>-Glycans and Effects of Glycosylation on the Peptide Domain (2005)

[structure: see text] A highly efficient chemoenzymatic synthesis of HIV-1 V3 domain glycopeptides carrying two N-linked core tri- and pentasaccharides was achieved. The synthesis consisted of two key steps: a solid-phase synthesis of the cyclic, 47-mer V3 domain peptide containing two GlcNAc residues and a novel endoglycosidase-catalyzed transglycosylation that simultaneously added two N-glycan moieties to the peptide precursor from the oligosaccharide oxazoline donor substrates. The availability of the synthetic glycopeptides allowed the probing of the effects of glycosylation on the HIV-1 V3 domain. It was demonstrated that glycosylation influenced the global conformations of the V3 domain and provided protection of the V3 domain against protease digestion.
Ultra-low noise dynamic Brillouin strain sensing using combined Stokes and anti-Stokes measurements (2021)

We present a novel Brillouin based dynamic strain sensor that is immune to most of the technical and environmental noise sources that limit existing Brillouin sensors. In particular, we introduce a modified slope-assisted Brillouin optical time domain analysis (SA-BOTDA) system that combines information from the complex Stokes and anti-Stokes interactions to extract the Brillouin frequency shift while suppressing noise and cross-talk due to fluctuations in the power, frequency, or polarization state of the pump and probe beams. This approach enables a strain noise of 15.6 nε/Hz1/2 in ~1 km of fiber with 4 m resolution and 25 kHz bandwidth.
New Generation Synthetic Surfactants (2013)

The treatment of preterm newborn rabbits with synthetic surfactants containing simple phospholipid mixtures and peptides gives similar tidal volumes to treatment with poractant alfa (Curosurf®). The addition of both surfactant protein B and C analogs to the phospholipid mixture will stabilize the alveoli, measured as lung gas volumes at end expiration, even if no positive end-expiratory pressure is applied. The effect on lung gas volumes seems to depend on the structure of the peptides as well as the phospholipid composition. It seems that synthetic surfactants containing two peptides and a more complex phospholipid composition will be able to replace natural surfactants within the near future, but more experiments need to be performed before any conclusion can be drawn about the ideal composition of this new generation of synthetic surfactants.
A Hybrid-Excited Flux-Switching Machine for High-Speed DC-Alternator Applications (2013)

This paper presents a new topology of hybrid-excited flux-switching machine with excitation coils located in stator slots (or inner dc windings). After describing the three-phase structure to be investigated, the working principle is discussed, and the main electromagnetic performances are simulated by finite-element (FE) analysis. It is demonstrated that the air-gap field can be easily controlled, which is interesting for variable-speed applications. Finally, a prototype having 12 stator poles and different rotor tooth numbers (10 or 14) was built. Experiments were performed, validating the FE simulations and the operation principle. Finally, the thermal behavior of the prototype machine is investigated through experiments. It is shown that, up to 12 000 r/min, the thermal stabilization is achieved, making this topology an excellent candidate for high-speed applications.
Evaluation of separation and dereverberation performance in frequency domain blind source separation (2004)

In this paper, we propose a new method for evaluating the separation and dereverberation performance of a convolutive blind source separation (BSS) system, and investigate a separating system obtained by employing frequency domain BSS based on independent component analysis (ICA). As a result, we reveal the acoustical characteristics of the frequency domain BSS for convolutive mixture of speech signals. We show that the separating system removes the direct sound of a jammer signal even when the frame length is relatively short, and it also reduces the reverberation of the jammer according to the frame length. We also confirm that the reverberation of the target is not reduced. Moreover, we propose a technique, suggested by the experimental results, for improving the quality of the separated signals by removing pre-echo noise.
Biomechanical Evaluation of Knee Joint Laxities and Graft Forces After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction by Anteromedial Portal, Outside-In, and Transtibial Techniques (2011)

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions by AM portal, OI, and modified TT techniques result in similar knee joint laxities. Technical perils and pearls should be carefully considered before choosing a tunnel creating technique.
Design of Identification and Measurements Acquisition Algorithm for Multi-Type Jammer Localization (2013)

전파 교란신호가 발생할 경우, GPS 기반의 정밀위치제공시스템에 오작동을 일으킬 수 있으며 특히, 항공분야에서는 더 심각한 피해가 발생할 수 있다. 하나의 전파교란원에 대한 대응 기법이나 위치 추정 기법의 연구결과는 잘 알려져 있으나, 다수의 전파교란원이 다양한 형태의 신호를 송출할 경우에는 대응 및 위치 추정이 어렵다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 다수의 전파위협원이 CW, DSSS, SCW 형태의 신호를 송출할 경우에 위치 추정을 수행할 수 있도록 하기 위하여 신호 식별 및 측정치 획득 방법을 제안한다. 또한 제안한 방법을 검증하기 위하여 MATLAB을 이용하여 모의실험을 수행하였다. 실험 결과로부터 제안한 방법은 CW, DSSS, SCW 형태의 교란신호를 정상적으로 식별하고 측정치를 정확하게 획득하는 것을 검증하였다. When jamming signal is received, there would be malfunctions in GPS-based precise location systems. Especially, in aviation fields, these malfunctions may lead to more serious damages. Naturally, there are some research results about the prevention or location method for one jammer, but it is hard to identify and obtain measurements when multiple and various type signals are received. Therefore, we propose a method of identification and measurements acquisition algorithm in order to localize the multiple jammers which transmit CW, DSSS and SCW type signals. Also, a computer simulation is carried out so as to validate the feasibility of the proposed method by using MATLAB. From the simulation results, it is confirmed that the proposed method successfully identified the signal type and acquired the measurements of CW, DSSS and SCW type signals.
A Characteristic of Alkaline Activated Mesophase Based Carbon for Electrochemical Capacitor (2002)

Activated graphitizing carbons, mesophase carbons prepared by alkaline activation for electrochemical Capacitors (Electric double-layer capacitors; EDLCs) with organic liquid electrolytes showed larger specific capacitance per unit volume (F/cm 3 ) than those of conventional activated carbon materials. The physical characteristic is lower specific surface area, compared with a conventional activated carbon. It has been supposed that the electric double-layer interfaces of alkaline activated mesophase carbon which have high density per unit volume were dominated by the edge plane of hexagonal lattice, compared with those of conventional activated carbon material.
Microfabrication of membrane-based devices by deep-reactive ion etching (DRIE) of silicon (1998)

Deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) of silicon was utilized to fabricate dielectric membrane-based devices such as microhotplates, valves and flexural plate wave (FPW) devices. Through-wafer DRIE is characterized by fast etch rates ({approximately} 3 {micro}m/min), crystal orientation independence, vertical sidewall profiles and CMOS compatibility. Low-stress silicon nitride, a popular membrane material, has an appreciable DRIE etch rate. To overcome this limitations DRIE can be accompanied by a brief wet chemical etch. This approach has been demonstrated using KOH or HF/Nitric/Acetic etchants, both of which have significantly lower etch rates on silicon nitride than does DRIE. The DRIE etch properties of composite membranes consisting of silicon dioxide and silicon nitride layers are also under evaluation due to the higher DRIE selectivity to silicon dioxide.
Efficiently enabling conventional block sizes for very large die-stacked DRAM caches (2011)

Die-stacking technology enables multiple layers of DRAM to be integrated with multicore processors. A promising use of stacked DRAM is as a cache, since its capacity is insufficient to be all of main memory (for all but some embedded systems). However, a 1GB DRAM cache with 64-byte blocks requires 96MB of tag storage. Placing these tags on-chip is impractical (larger than on-chip L3s) while putting them in DRAM is slow (two full DRAM accesses for tag and data). Larger blocks and sub-blocking are possible, but less robust due to fragmentation.
Higher order planar-waveguide Bragg grating on curved waveguide (2011)

Higher order curved planar-waveguide Bragg gratings are realized by periodic width modulation. Linear chirp is achieved by width tapering. Devices were fabricated in low loss silica waveguide platform. Characterization results will be presented.
Two-Scale Topology Optimization with Microstructures (2017)

In this article, we present a novel two-scale framework to optimize the structure and the material distribution of an object given its functional specifications. Our approach utilizes multi-material microstructures as low-level building blocks of the object. We start by precomputing the material property gamut—the set of bulk material properties that can be achieved with all material microstructures of a given size. We represent the boundary of this material property gamut using a level set field. Next, we propose an efficient and general topology optimization algorithm that simultaneously computes an optimal object topology and spatially varying material properties constrained by the precomputed gamut. Finally, we map the optimal spatially varying material properties onto the microstructures with the corresponding properties to generate a high-resolution printable structure. We demonstrate the efficacy of our framework by designing, optimizing, and fabricating objects in different material property spaces on the level of a trillion voxels, that is, several orders of magnitude higher than what can be achieved with current systems.
Hydrogels: Artificially Engineered Protein Hydrogels Adapted from the Nucleoporin Nsp1 for Selective Biomolecular Transport (Adv. Mater. 28/2015) (2015)

Nucleoporin-like polypeptide (NLP) hydrogels are developed by B. D. Olsen and co-workers on page 4207 by mimicking nucleoporins, proteins that form gel filters regulating transport into the nucleus. Using protein polymers of a minimal consensus repeat, the NLPs selectively enhance transport of cargo–carrier complexes similar to the natural nuclear pore system. The engineered protein gels additionally have tunable mechanical and transport properties and can be biosynthesized at high yield, making them promising materials for advanced separation technologies.
Power Allocation and Link Selection for Multicell Cooperative NOMA Hybrid VLC/RF Systems (2020)

This letter proposes and optimizes a cooperative non-orthogonal multiple-access (Co-NOMA) scheme in the context of multicell visible light communications (VLC) networks to mitigate inter-cell interference. Consider a network where each access-point (AP) serves two users. In each cell, the weak user (cell-edge user) can be served either directly by the VLC AP, or through the strong user that decodes the weak user message and forwards it through the radio-frequency (RF) link. The paper then considers the problem of maximizing the sum-rate under quality-of-service constraints by allocating the powers of the messages and APs, and determining the links serving each weak user. The paper solves this non-convex problem by first finding closed-form solutions of the users' powers and link selection for fixed APs powers. The APs powers are then iteratively solved in an outer loop. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme improves the sum-rate and fairness as compared to non-orthogonal multiple-access (NOMA) scheme.
Anthrax toxin receptor 1 is the cellular receptor for Seneca Valley virus (2017)

Seneca Valley virus (SVV) is an oncolytic picornavirus with selective tropism for neuroendocrine cancers. It has shown promise as a cancer therapeutic in preclinical studies and early-phase clinical trials. Here, we have identified anthrax toxin receptor 1 (ANTXR1) as the receptor for SVV using genome-wide loss-of-function screens. ANTXR1 is necessary for permissivity in vitro and in vivo. However, robust SVV replication requires an additional innate immune defect. We found that SVV interacts directly and specifically with ANTXR1, that this interaction is required for SVV binding to permissive cells, and that ANTXR1 expression is necessary and sufficient for infection in cell lines with decreased expression of antiviral IFN genes at baseline. Finally, we identified the region of the SVV capsid that is responsible for receptor recognition using cryoelectron microscopy of the SVV-ANTXR1-Fc complex. These studies identify ANTXR1, a class of receptor that is shared by a mammalian virus and a bacterial toxin, as the cellular receptor for SVV.
Genetically Engineered <i>Saccharomyces</i> Yeasts for Conversion of Cellulosic Biomass to Environmentally Friendly Transportation Fuel Ethanol (2000)

Ethanol is an effective, environmentally friendly, nonfossil, transportation biofuel that produces far less pollution than gasoline and contributes essentially no net carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. Furthermore, unlike crude oil for the production of gasoline, ethanol can be produced from plentiful, domestic, renewable, cellulosic biomass feedstocks. However, a major obstacle in this process is that cellulosic biomass contains two major sugars, glucose and xylose. Saccharomyces yeasts, traditionally used for large scale industrial production of ethanol from glucose, is unable to ferment xylose to ethanol. This makes the use of the safest, most effective microorganism for conversion of cellulosic biomass to ethanol economically unfeasible. In the fall of 1993, we achieved a historic breakthrough in the successful development of genetically engineered recombinant Saccharomyces yeast that can effectively ferment both glucose and xylose to ethanol. This paper provides an up-to-date overview of the design, development, and continuous innovative perfection of our recombinant Saccharomyces yeast that is widely regarded as the microorganism which will make the conversion of cellulosic biomass to ethanol commercially possible.
Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Modeling of Substituted Indeno[1,2-b]indoles as Inhibitors of Human Protein Kinase CK2 (2015)

Due to their system of annulated 6-5-5-6-membered rings, indenoindoles have sparked great interest for the design of ATP-competitive inhibitors of human CK2. In the present study, we prepared twenty-one indeno[1,2-b]indole derivatives, all of which were tested in vitro on human CK2. The indenoindolones 5a and 5b inhibited human CK2 with an IC50 of 0.17 and 0.61 µM, respectively. The indeno[1,2-b]indoloquinone 7a also showed inhibitory activity on CK2 at a submicromolar range (IC50 = 0.43 µM). Additionally, a large number of indenoindole derivatives was evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against the cell lines 3T3, WI-38, HEK293T and MEF.