gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exploring the design space of LUT-based transparent accelerators (2005)

Instruction set customization accelerates the performance of applications by compressing the length of critical dependence paths and reducing the demands on processor resources. With instruction set customization, specialized accelerators are added to a conventional processor to atomically execute dataflow subgraphs. Accelerators that are exploited without explicit changes to the instruction set architecture of the processor are said to be transparent. Transparent acceleration relies on a light-weight hardware engine to dynamically generate control signals for the accelerator, using subgraphs delineated by a compiler. The design of transparent subgraph accelerators is challenging, as critical subgraphs need to be supported efficiently while maintaining area and timing constraints. Additionally, more complex accelerators require more sophisticated control generation engines. These factors must be carefully balanced. In this work, we investigate the design of subgraph accelerators using configurable lookup table structures. These designs provide an effective paradigm to execute a wide range of subgraphs involving arithmetic and logic operations. We describe why lookup table designs are effective, how they fit into a transparent acceleration framework, and evaluate the effectiveness of a wide range of de-signs using both simulation and logic synthesis.
Simple cylindrical ion mirror with three elements (2000)

A new cylindrical ion mirror has been designed to create an electric field that is non-linear or curved along the flight path axis for general-purpose time-of-flight mass spectrometers. The inclusion of one or two grids is found to improve the radial field homogeneity especially around the aperture. Only three cylindrical electrodes are used in the design. Changing the electrode dimensions and voltages affects the electric field distribution. Once the electrode dimensions are fixed, there are only two adjustable parameters for achieving optimum nonlinear electric field shape. Resolving powers of 7,000 and 16,100 have been achieved with kinetic energy variations of 34 and 10.5%, respectively. Simulations show that the electric field homogeneity in the radial direction enables the use of ion beam diameters up to 15 mm with only modest loss of resolving power. Increasing the mirror diameter could further increase the practical ion beam diameter. This article details the electric field distribution within the cylindrical mirror in both axial and radial directions. The voltages of the middle and rear electrodes affect the resolving power and the kinetic energy range over which focus can be achieved. The predicted arrival time spread for a single m/z value is narrower than that caused by the turn-around time of ions in a gas-phase ion source. In this case, the broad energy range over which good focus is achieved enables the use of higher extraction fields for turn-around time reduction.
Polymer microfilters with nanostructured surfaces for the culture of circulating cancer cells (2016)

There is a critical need to improve the accuracy of drug screening and testing through the development of in vitro culture systems that more effectively mimic the in vivo environment. Surface topographical features on the nanoscale level, in short nanotopography, effect the cell growth patterns, and hence affect cell function in culture. We report the preliminary results on the fabrication, and subsequent cellular growth, of nanoscale surface topography on polymer microfilters using cell lines as a precursor to circulating tumor cells (CTCs). To create various nanoscale features on the microfilter surface, we used reactive ion etching (RIE) with and without an etching mask. An anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane fabricated directly on the polymer surface served as an etching mask. Polymer filters with a variety of modified surfaces were used to compare the effects on the culture of cancer cell lines in blank culture wells, with untreated microfilters or with RIE-treated microfilters. We then report the differences of cell shape, phenotype and growth patterns of bladder and glioblastoma cancer cell lines after isolation on the various types of material modifications. Our data suggest that RIE modified polymer filters can isolate model cell lines while retaining ell viability, and that the RIE filter modification allows T24 monolayering cells to proliferate as a structured cluster.
Quantum Flux Parametron (1991)

The Quantum Flux Parametron (QFP) is a new cryogenic switching device based on the parametron principle and Josephson technology. Due to the magnetic flux quantization in superconducting devices, the switching mechanism of the QFP is quite different from that of semiconductors. This presentation describes the device characteristics. QFPs have been fabricated using the Nb/Pb-alloy Josephson junction process, and their basic operation is evaluated. Over 20dB current gain is attained. One-half frequency-divider operation up to 1.8GHz has been successfully observed.
ChemInform Abstract: NONREDUCIBLE CYCLIC ANALOGUES OF SOMATOSTATIN (1976)

Abstract Die Titelverbindungen (VIa) und (VIb), Analoge von Somatostatin (VIc) werden synthetisiert und auf ihre biologische Wirksamkeit geprüft.
Retrofittable Dry Low Emissions Combustor for 501-K Industrial Gas Turbine Engines (1994)

This paper describes progress in the development of a 25 ppm NOx combustor that requires no diluent injection or post-combustion treatment The combustor will be retrofittable in all existing Allison Model 501-K series industrial engines. The approach undertaken is based on lean-premix combustion design incorporating an efficient fuel and air pre-mixing, fuel staging, and advanced wall cooling. Extensive use has been made of Computational Combustor Dynamics (CCD) codes in the design of the low NOx combustor. Experimental work in support of the present effort includes atmospheric bench scale testing and high pressure rig testing. The bench tests have been performed to evaluate several candidate designs, to gain better understanding of general lean pre-mixed combustor behavior, and to verify model predictions. The bench test results have indicated good fuel/air mixing performance of the lean premixing domes. The high pressure simulated engine rig tests of the dry lean pre-mixed low emissions combustors using natural gas have demonstrated NOx levels less than 15 ppm vd (15% O2 corrected), well below the program goals.
Tulbaghia violacea L. I: In vitro antimicrobial properties towards plant pathogens (2006)

The antimicrobial properties of crude methanol extracts of above- and below-soil parts of Tulbaghia violacea were quantified by means of an agar diffusion method against 6 plant pathogenic bacteria and 7 fungi. The growth of 3 out of the 6 bacteria, Clavibacter michiganensis, Ralstonia solanacearum, and Xanthomonas campestris, was significantly inhibited by crude extracts of both below-soil and aerial parts of T. violacea, whereas the growth of Pseudomonas syringae, Erwinia carotovora, and Agrobacterium tumefaciens was unaffectedl. Compared with the standard fungicide, both the aerial and below-soil extracts of T. violacea significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of 6 of the 7 test fungi, Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani, Mycosphaerella pinodes, Botryosphaeria dothidea, and P. ultimum, whereas only the below-soil extract inhibited the mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum significantly. The broad-spectrum antifungal activity shown by the crude T. violaceae extracts supplied a rationale for a further investigation into the in vivo activity of the extracts under glasshouse and field conditions.
SU‐E‐T‐487: A Method to Vectorize the Dose Distribution, the Dose Volume Histogram (2013)

Purpose: A programmatic method to incorporate spatial information into a dose volume histogram (DVH) by adding vector data on the location of pixels in the dose array relative to structures in the plan to construct a vectorized dose distribution (VDD) is defined and demonstrated. With this data the DVH can be sub grouped according to a wide array of vector constraint sets, defining the spatial relationship of pixels to one or several structures to construct a vectorized DVH (VDVH) to reveal vector relationships of dose regions to structures. Methods: Set theory models for construction of the VDD and VDVH are described and a dose‐vector‐histogram (DVctH) is introduced as a means of specifying the position, with respect to other structures, of focal dose features such as hot spots, distributed dose regions and conformality. Practical detail on a programmatic approach to implement the methods is provided. A set of tests utilizing phantom, prostate and SBRT lung image sets were carried out to demonstrate ability of VDVH and DVctH to reveal clinically relevant spatial detail in dose distributions. Results: The VDVH and DVctH enabled decomposing DVH curves to reveal the relative location of pixels contributing to dose points on the curve. The metrics enabled specificity in defining the location and magnitude of dose features relevant to treatment plan evaluation. Conclusion: The VDD, VDVH and DVctH differ from other methods described in the literature as a Result of using vector based constraints for each pixel, rather than focusing only on distance by construction of a set of shells around or within a structure and then subgrouping pixels in the overlap region. The method is an effective means to combine spatial information with DVH metrics and provides a practical means of specifying the location of dose features with respect other structures in the treatment plan. Varian Medical Systems
Automatic noninvasive measurement of arterial blood pressure (2011)

This paper discussed arterial blood pressure measurement. Because of the high rate of hypertension in the adult population and its harmful effects, the measurement of arterial blood pressure is of great clinical significance. Manual sphygmomanometry, developed more than a hundred years ago, is currently the most accurate non-invasive technique for arterial blood pressure measurement. Since manual sphygmomanometry requires a well-trained examiner, only single measurements of blood pressure will generally be performed by a physician during a given visit. This single measurement only provides partial information since blood pressure changes spontaneously. The available automatic blood pressure meters, mainly based on oscillometry, can be used at home but some of them are of low accuracy. A direct technique for the measurement of systolic blood pressure by means of the detection of the blood pressure pulses' reappearance during cuff deflation has the potential to provide accurate automatic measurement of systolic blood pressure.
<title>Signal analyzer with SLM compensation</title> (2000)

A signal analyzer is being developed that is based on a periodically tapped optical fiber. The spatial distribution of taps produces a waveform that is weighted by a spatial light modulator (SLM), optically Fourier transformed, and then detected with a video camera to continually display the power spectrum of the signal propagating in the fiber. The analyzer resolution and bandwidth is dependent on the distribution and number of taps. Taps have been formed in the core of fibers using UV light. Both single step beamsplitter and localized phase grating taps have been generated. Bragg grating taps tilted at 45 degrees with respect to the fiber axis were generated in order to diffract light directly out of the side of the fiber.
Escharotomy Using an Enzymatic Debridement Agent for Treating Experimental Burn-Induced Compartment Syndrome in an Animal Model (2005)

Escharectomy using an effective enzymatic debriding agent is potentially an adequate, simple, fast and effective procedure to treat BICS, it has the added benefit of burn debridement without surgical escharotomy.
Nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab) rapamycin as an anticancer agent (2007)

4719 Background: The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is involved in the control of cellular growth and proliferation. Abnormal activation of signaling pathways both proximal and distal to this kinase occurs frequently in human cancer, making mTOR an attractive target for antineoplastic therapies. Due to insolubility and poor bioavailability of rapamycin, water soluble analogs, such as CCI-779, RAD001 and AP23573 are in development, which have demonstrated potent antitumor activity in vitro and in xenograft models. Here we report on rapamycin albumin-bound nanoparticles using nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab) technology, which allows the direct administration of the drug at high dose. Methods: Overall toxicity of nab-rapamycin was determined in a dose-ranging study in Sprague-Dawley rats. The dose levels of nab-rapamycin used were 0, 15, 30, 45, 90, and 180 mg/kg with a q4dx3 schedule. Pharmacokinetics (PK) of nab-rapamycin was investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats at dose levels of 1, 15, 30, and 45 mg/kg. Antitumor activity of nab-rapamycin was examined using three tumor models in athymic mice (MX-1, breast, N=5; HCT-116, colon, N=10; and HT29, colon, N=8) at a dose level of 40 mg/kg with a 3x wkly/4wks schedule. Tumor growth data were analyzed by ANOVA. Results: nab-Rapamycin was nontoxic at the highest dose of 180 mg/kg on a q4dx3 schedule. No changes in blood chemistry,CBC, hypercholesterolemia, or hypertriglyceridemia were observed. nab-Rapamycin exhibited linear PK with respect to dose and rapid extravascular distribution as demonstrated by large Vss and Vz, and typical for nab technology, e.g. nab-paclitaxel and nab-docetaxel. nab-Rapamycin was highly effective against all tumor models tested, achieving a tumor growth inhibition (TGI) of 80.7% against HT29 xenograft (p Conclusion: nab-Rapamycin was well tolerated, showed linear PK, and was highly effective against a number of tumor models in vivo.
Lightweight Rule Induction (2000)

A lightweight rule induction method is described that generates compact Disjunctive Normal Form (DNF) rules. Each class has an equal numberofunweighted rules. A new example is classified by applying all rules and assigning the example to the class with the most satisfied rules. The induction method attempts to minimize the training error with no pruning. An overall design is specified by setting limits on the size and number of rules. During training, cases are adaptively weighted using a simple cumulativeerror method. The induction method is nearly linear in time relative to an increase in the number of induced rules or the number of cases. Experimental results on large benchmark data sets demonstrate that predictive performance can rival the best reported results in the literature.
Fabrication of advanced fiber Bragg gratings by use of sequential writing with a continuous-wave ultraviolet laser source (2002)

We present a novel scheme based on sequential writing for fabrication of advanced fiber Bragg gratings. As opposed to earlier sequential methods this technique uses a cw UV laser source and allows for very precise control and repetitivity of the formation of the gratings. Furthermore it is possible to use high average irradiances without destroying the fiber, resulting in considerable reduction in fabrication time for complex gratings. The method has been applied to several test gratings, which proved its versatility and quality.
High Temperature Thermoplastic Elastomers Synthesized by Living Anionic Polymerization in Hydrocarbon Solvent at Room Temperature (2016)

We present the synthesis and characterization of a new class of high temperature thermoplastic elastomers composed of polybenzofulvene–polyisoprene–polybenzofulvene (FIF) triblock copolymers. All copolymers were prepared by living anionic polymerization in benzene at room temperature. Homopolymerization and effects of additives on the glass transition temperature (Tg) of polybenzofulvene (PBF) were also investigated. Among all triblock copolymers studied, FIF with 14 vol % of PBF exhibited a maximum stress of 14.3 ± 1.3 MPa and strain at break of 1390 ± 66% from tensile tests. The stress–strain curves of FIF-10 and 14 were analyzed by a statistical molecular approach using a nonaffine tube model to estimate the thermoplastic elastomer behavior. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the softening temperature of PBF in FIF was 145 °C, much higher than that of thermoplastic elastomers with polystyrene hard blocks. Microphase separation of FIF triblock copolymers was observed by small-angle X-ray scattering, even though long-range order was not achieved under the annealing conditions employed. In addition, the microphase separation of the resulting triblock copolymers was examined by atomic force microscopy.
Optimizing Downhole Fluid Production of Sucker-Rod Pumps With Variable Motor Speed (2009)

Summary Reciprocating oil pumps are operated traditionally by prime movers rotating at a constant speed. This paper demonstrates that by changing motor speed rapidly within a single stroke, pump production can be increased while stresses in the sucker rod and motor energy consumption are reduced. The optimal motor-speed profile is determined by representing the motor speed with Fourier series and searching for Fourier coefficients that maximize the production while satisfying the imposed constraints on stresses in the rod and on energy consumption. The pump-performance parameters required in the optimization process, such as fluid production, stresses in the rod, and motor torque resulting from a given variable motor speed, are calculated by predictive analysis. The analysis is based on a comprehensive dynamic model of the entire pumping system, comprising surface and downhole equipment. During, and beyond, a minimum 6-month field-validation period, the calculated optimal speed profile has been applied to control the movement of more than 20 pumps currently operating in Alberta, Canada. The resulting increased production and lower operating cost confirmed clearly the benefits of implementing a variable speed of the prime mover to improve pump performance. Presented examples demonstrate an increase of up to 133% in production without increasing energy consumption or loads in the system. Results similar to those with beam pumps can be achieved for hydraulically actuated pumps by applying variable flow rate or pressure to induce the calculated optimal polished rod velocity.
Remotely induced shear acoustic waves in tissues by radiation force of focused ultrasound. (1996)

A new acoustic approach to medical imaging and diagnostics based on the remote evaluation of shear elasticity modulus of soft tissues is considered. The new method, called shear wave elasticity imaging, is based on the detection of shear waves remotely generated in tissues by radiation pressure of amplitude-modulated focused ultrasound. Remotely induced shear wave is fully attenuated within a short distance and the induced strain in the tissue can be extremely localized. By choosing appropriate temporal characteristics of the amplitude-modulated ultrasonic pulse, the volume of tissue involved in the mechanical excitation can be kept on the order of 1=A0 cm3, in contrast to other methods of elasticity imaging where the complete organ is subjected to shear stress. Consequently, evaluation of viscoelastic properties of tissue is greatly simplified since trivial boundary conditions can be assumed and an infinite medium model can be used to reconstruct the mechanical properties of tissue. Analytical equations describing the radiation force field induced by nonlinear focused ultrasound are derived and propagation of shear waves generated in tissues is considered. A possibility of deliberately exploiting the nonlinear effects to enhance the radiation pressure in a small area near the focus of the beam is shown.
A new ZVS-PWM full-bridge converter (2003)

A full-bridge converter which employs a coupled inductor to achieve zero-voltage switching of the primary switches in the entire line and load range is described. Because the coupled inductor does not appear as a series inductance in the load current path, it does not cause a loss of duty cycle or severe voltage ringing across the output rectifier. The operation and performance of the proposed converter is verified on a 670-W prototype.
Deletion of the EP296R Gene from the Genome of Highly Virulent African Swine Fever Virus Georgia 2010 Does Not Affect Virus Replication or Virulence in Domestic Pigs (2022)

African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes a lethal disease (ASF) in domestic pigs, African swine fever (ASF). ASF is currently producing a pandemic affecting pig production across Eurasia, leading to a shortage of food accessibility. ASFV is structurally complex, harboring a large genome encoding over 150 genes. One of them, EP296R, has been shown to encode for an endonuclease that is necessary for the efficient replication of the virus in swine macrophages, the natural ASFV target cell. Here, we report the development of a recombinant virus, ASFV-G-∆EP296R, harboring the deletion of the EP296R gene from the genome of the highly virulent field isolate ASFV Georgia 2010 (ASFV-G). The recombinant ASFV-G-∆EP296R replicates in primary swine macrophages with similar kinetics as the parental virus ASFV-G. Pigs experimentally infected by the intramuscular route with 10<sup>2</sup> HAD<sub>50</sub> show a slightly protracted, although lethal, presentation of the disease when compared to that of animals inoculated with parental ASFV-G. Viremia titers in the ASFV-G-∆EP296R-infected animals closely followed the kinetics of presentation of clinical disease. Results presented here demonstrate that ASFV-G-∆EP296R is not essential for the processes of ASFV replication in swine macrophages, nor is it radically involved in the process of virus replication or disease production in domestic pigs.
microRNA expression pattern as an ancillary prognostic signature for radiotherapy (2018)

The expression levels of miR-374a-5p, miR-342-5p and miR-519d-3p in plasma are associated with radiotherapy responses. Two miRNA classifiers could be developed as a potential non-invasive ancillary tool for predicting patient response to radiotherapy.
Optimization of blood oxygenation level‐dependent sensitivity in magnetic resonance imaging using intermolecular double‐quantum coherence (2002)

Image SNR and BOLD sensitivity often impose different requirements for iDQC image sequence design and timing parameter selections. It is therefore important to select properly relevant parameters for different applications.
Synthesis of Novel Difluoroprostacyclin Derivatives: Unprecedented Stabilizing Effect of Fluorine Substituents (1996)

Markedly more stable than the natural product, di-fluoroprostacyclin 1 inhibits ADP-induced human platelet aggregation better than any other known prostacyclin derivative. Key steps in the synthesis of 1 are fluorination of the Corey lactone with (Ph-SO2)2NF in the presence of MgBr2 and subsequent Wittig reaction to attach the α side chain.