gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Piezoelectricity of cellular and porous polymer electrets (2003)

A number of experiments were conducted to further investigate the piezoelectric properties of cellular and porous electrets. The samples studied were films of cellular polypropylene (PP) and of porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), with thicknesses between 50 and 100 /spl mu/m. In some cases, multilayers consisting of one of these polymers plus an additional air or solid layer were also investigated. Results show that single layers of cellular PP, metalized on both sides, have piezoelectric d/sub 33/-constants of up to 350 pC/N while such samples of porous PTFE have much lower constants. Multilayers consisting of one cellular or porous layer plus an air layer exhibit significantly larger constants, exceeding 20,000 pC/N, due to the softness of the air. While the d/sub 33/-constant of the multilayer systems decreases with load due to the compression of the softer layer, cellular PP shows fairly constant d/sub 33/ values for static pressures of up to 10 kPa thus indicating a rather large linear regime of the nonlinear stress-strain relationship. In this static pressure range a linear frequency response of the cellular foils was found if the foils were unstretched or under constant stress during the measurement. Stretching of the cellular PP foils results in a significant increase of the d/sub 33/-constants and thus represents an optimization method for the piezoelectric activity.
Glucose Oxidase-Mediated Gelation: A Simple Test To Detect Glucose in Food Products (2012)

This paper reports a simple, rapid, and sugar-selective method to induce gelation from glucose-containing samples. This method employs glucose oxidase (GOx) to selectively "recognize" and oxidize glucose to generate gluconic acid, which acts to solubilize calcium carbonate and release calcium ions. The release of calcium ions triggers gelation of the calcium-responsive polysaccharide alginate to form a calcium-alginate hydrogel. Rheological measurements confirm that gel formation is triggered by glucose but not fructose or sucrose (consistent with GOx's selectivity). Vial inversion tests demonstrate that gel formation can be readily observed without the need for instrumentation. Proof-of-concept studies demonstrate that this gel-forming method can detect glucose in food/beverage products sweetened with glucose or high-fructose corn syrups. These results indicate that the enzyme-induced gelation of alginate may provide a simple means to test for sweeteners using components that are safe for use on-site or in the home.
Zorrilla y el Moro de Víctor Hugo (2012)

El moro de José Zorrilla se distingue de otros moros de la literatura que podrían considerarse más convencionales. Se ha notado por críticos como Narciso Alonso Cortés que otros autores románticos de la época crearon moros más parecidos a "muñecos," artiﬁciosos. En contraste, el moro de Zorrilla, inspirado por los personajes de Víctor Hugo (Les Orientales), era siempre un hombre de carne y hueso que correspondía a su realidad. Se percibe en los Orientales (1837) del poeta las huellas verdaderas de la España árabe. Por medio de una magia verbal, el poeta había creado su mundo fantástico mientras que dibujara perfectamente unos personajes llenos de color, vida y pasión. Zorrilla era un observador habilísimo y por eso, cuando encontró algo digno de nota, escribió sobre los pueblos, personajes y costumbres de esa España granadina. Sería fácil entender cómo el poeta podía notar aun más detalles que suelen subir a la superﬁcie. Puede notarse en sus Orientales, no sólo lo exótico, sino las características principales de sus primeros moros dibujados tan cuida-dosamente. En mi estudio, examino el desarrollo del moro típico de José Zorrilla en comparación con el de Hugo, comenzando con su primera apariencia en Oriental (de los gomeles). El moro quiere poseer a la cristi¬ana que intenta robar mientras que guarde su orgullo varonil. Este rasgo lo distingue de otro tipo de moro que se considera "esclavo" de la cristiana en Dueña de la negra toca. El papel del moro sigue transformándose en el poema Granada (1852).
Dynamic popularity window and distance-based efficient caching for fast content delivery applications in CCN (2021)

Content-Centric Networking (CCN) is being established as an emerging Internet architecture that brings efficient data retrieval technology to access the contents with their names. In CCN, the in-network caching capability plays a critical role in the improvement of network performance by reducing the load of content server and increasing the content availability. Thus, the efficiency of the content caching strategy crucially affects the performance of the entire network. Towards this, a novel content caching scheme has been proposed in this article that efficiently utilizes the available caching capacity and improves Quality-of-Service (QoS) during content delivery. To perform optimized caching operations, the proposed scheme considers a dynamic threshold value and takes caching decisions based on two parameters, first is a novel dynamic size popularity window to determine content popularity, and secondly, the distance navigated by the Content message from the preceding on-path router that cached the content copy. For content caching decisions, the dynamic threshold value decreases with an increase in Content message distance from the preceding on-path router (that cached the content) and the content popularity. Using these heuristics, the scheme places the popular contents near the edges of the network. Through extensive simulations, the QoS delivered by the proposed scheme has been examined for different cache sizes on standard Abilene network topology. The results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the existing caching strategies for various performance parameters such as hit-ratio, average network delay, hop count, and average traffic generated in the network. This makes the proposed solution suitable for futuristic Internet architectures with 5G/6G and Industry 4.0 revolutions and their applications where faster content deliveries are required.
Etching Behavior and Damage Recovery of SrBi<sub>2</sub>Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>9</sub> Thin Films (1999)

The etching and ferroelectric properties of SrBi 2 Ta 2 O 9 (SBT) thin films prepared by metal organic decomposition (MOD) were investigated. It was observed that the etching rates of SBT thin films varied with the etch parameters. The etching rate of SBT in gases with Ar added is higher, which indicates that the physical bombardment could be more efficient in SBT etching. We also investigated the influence of etching damage in SBT films during the reactive ion etching (RIE) process on the electrical properties of ferroelectric materials.
Efficient transposition algorithms for large matrices (1993)

We p~esent transposition a~gorithms fo?' matrices that do not fit in main memory.
Demand side and distributed resource management — A transactive solution (2011)

The Smart Grid of the future requires coordinated management of large numbers of distributed and demand response resources, intermittent resources, while maintaining high degrees of grid reliability and improving operational economics. This will involve information exchange between many entities, systems, devices, and user for enrolling, scheduling, monitoring, control, and with demand response resources, intermittent renewable generation, storage devices, grid monitoring and control devices, and micro-grids, and between markets utility operations, customers and service provides. New methods are needed for real-time and end-to-end management of such complex system. The deregulation of wholesale electricity markets in mid 1990's introduced mechanisms for scheduling and management of power transactions in a competitive market while considering transmission congestion, and the need for flexibility and ease of use. Capacity reservations, energy tagging, and locational pricing were among some of the methods introduced. Technological advancements over the past 15 years now make it possible to extend the lessons learned into new scale of capabilities suited for Smart Grid of the future. A transactive framework for scheduling, authorizing, controlling, and managing distributed resources provides in a Smart Grid and competitive market environment. This includes use of “micro-tag” concept, distributed and hierarchical intelligence, dynamic transaction routing and approval. Requirements and considerations associated technical architecture, cyber security, scalability and flexibility will be discussed. Representative examples for demand response and distribution congestion management will be provided.
Distributed Adaptive Node-Specific Signal Estimation in Fully Connected Sensor Networks—Part I: Sequential Node Updating (2010)

We introduce a distributed adaptive algorithm for linear minimum mean squared error (MMSE) estimation of node-specific signals in a fully connected broadcasting sensor network where the nodes collect multichannel sensor signal observations. We assume that the node-specific signals to be estimated share a common latent signal subspace with a dimension that is small compared to the number of available sensor channels at each node. In this case, the algorithm can significantly reduce the required communication bandwidth and still provide the same optimal linear MMSE estimators as the centralized case. Furthermore, the computational load at each node is smaller than in a centralized architecture in which all computations are performed in a single fusion center. We consider the case where nodes update their parameters in a sequential round robin fashion. Numerical simulations support the theoretical results. Because of its adaptive nature, the algorithm is suited for real-time signal estimation in dynamic environments, such as speech enhancement with acoustic sensor networks.
Serotonin-Vorstufen als Antidepressiva: Eine Übersicht (1983)

The serotonin hypothesis postulates a decreased function of this neurotransmitter in the central nervous system of depressed patients. L-tryptophan and--more specific--5-hydroxytryptophan are natural precursors of this biogenic amine. Results of numerous therapeutic trials with L-tryptophan are not convincing of this compound's antidepressant efficacy in marked to severe endogenous depressions. On the other hand, it cannot be excluded that it is effective in moderate dysphoric states with apathy and sleep disturbances. However, possible toxic effects of high and long term use render its clinical use doubtful. The antidepressant efficacy of 5-hydroxytryptophan has not been proven. However, the possibility exists that a serotonin deficient subgroup of depressed patients responds to this substance and further, that it has depression prophylactic properties. As both tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan are less effective than tricyclic antidepressants and not without side effects they do not appear to be useful antidepressants.
Software Engineering Concepts (1985)

Software engineering concepts , Software engineering concepts , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
A Unified Approach to Gaussian Channels with Finite Blocklength (2022)

Among the emerging trends in the wireless industry, the Internet of Things (IoT) and machine-to-machine (M2M) communications are notable examples that prompt power efficient communication schemes that can communicate short packets of time-sensitive control information with very low latency. A mathematical analysis and design of networks with such stringent latency requirements, however, cannot rely on conventional information theoretic results which assume asymptotically large blocklengths. In this dissertation, we build upon a recent line of work on non-asymptotic information theory to characterize second-order approximations for channel coding rates over a variety of Gaussian settings at finite blocklength. Our results reveal several interesting insights for practical systems design. For any Gaussian channel at finite blocklength, i.i.d. Gaussian input, although capacity-achieving, is not second-order optimal. Good codes must possess certain structures to ensure power efficiency and achieve high rates. For the discrete-input Gaussian channel at low SNR, coded-PSK surprisingly outperforms coded-QAM with common random i.i.d. codes. For the non-ergodic fading channel with short blocklength, the Gaussian noise can have as significant an impact on the outage probability as fading can. And finally, when channel uses are precious, time division multiple access (TDMA) is costly, particularly when the number of users grows. On the theoretical side, our key contribution is a unified and convenient approach for proving sharp achievability results for a variety of Gaussian settings. We amend the standard method of random coding and typicality decoding to make it applicable to non-i.i.d. inputs and single-user as well as multi-user channels with cost constraints. In particular, we use a new change of measure technique and also apply a convenient yet powerful form of the Central Limit Theorem (CLT), called the CLT for functions, to analyze certain dependent information random variables. In comparison with other sharp achievability methods, our unified approach is more transparent and follows conventional lines of reasoning.
Influence of Reward Expectation on Visuospatial Processing in Macaque Lateral Prefrontal Cortex (2002)

The lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) has been implicated in visuospatial processing, especially when it is required to hold spatial information during a delay period. It has also been reported that the LPFC receives information about expected reward outcome. However, the interaction between visuospatial processing and reward processing is still unclear because the two types of processing could not be dissociated in conventional delayed response tasks. To examine this, we used a memory-guided saccade task with an asymmetric reward schedule and recorded 228 LPFC neurons. The position of the target cue indicated the spatial location for the following saccade and the color of the target cue indicated the reward outcome for a correct saccade. Activity of LPFC was classified into three main types: S-type activity carried only spatial signals, R-type activity carried only reward signals, and SR-type activity carried both. Therefore only SR-type cells were potentially involved in both visuospatial processing and reward processing. SR-type activity was enhanced (SR+) or depressed (SR-) by the reward expectation. The spatial discriminability as expressed by the transmitted information was improved by reward expectation in SR+ type. In contrast, when reward information was coded by an increase of activity in the reward-absent condition (SR- type), it did not improve the spatial representation. This activity appeared to be involved in gaze fixation. These results extend previous findings suggesting that the LPFC exerts dual influences based on predicted reward outcome: improvement of memory-guided saccades (when reward is expected) and suppression of inappropriate behavior (when reward is not expected).
Selective monoamine oxidase inhibitors. 3. Cyclic compounds related to 4-aminophenethylamine. Preparation and neuron-selective action of some 5-(2-aminoethyl)-2,3-dihydroindoles (1986)

Nine 5-(2-aminoethyl)-2,3-dihydroindole derivatives were synthesized and tested as monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors in vitro and in vivo. All compounds were found to be selective MAO-A inhibitors in vitro, the most active ones, 5-[1-(2-aminopropyl)]-2,3-dihydro-4-methylindole acetate (3), 5-[1-(2-aminopropyl)]-4-chloro-2,3-dihydroindole acetate (5), 5-[1-(2-aminopropyl)]-2,3-dihydro-1-ethyl-4-methylindole tartrate (6), 5-[1-(2-aminopropyl)]-2,3-dihydro-1-ethyl-6-methylindole tartrate (7), and 5-[1-(2-aminobutyl)]-4-chloro-2,3-dihydroindole acetate (9) being equipotent with amiflamine, (S)-(+)-4-(dimethylamino)-2, alpha-dimethylphenethylamine. Some of the compounds, 3, 6, 5-[1-(2-aminopropyl)]-2,3-dihydroindole acetate (1), and 5-[1-(2-amino-2-methylpropyl)]-2,3-dihydroindole acetate (8), were found to be very potent inhibitors of MAO in serotonergic and/or noradrenergic nerve terminals in the rat brain in vivo, inhibiting MAO within these neurons at doses 1/10 of those required to inhibit MAO in other neurons or cells. Compound 1 was also a potent and selective inhibitor of MAO within dopaminergic nerve terminals in vivo. This neuron selectivity is due to the uptake of these compounds by the neuronal uptake mechanisms.
Appendix B: The Algorithm as a Human Artifact: Implications for Legal [Re]Search (2017)

This document, "Search Instructions for Algorithm Study," is an electronic Appendix B to, and is cited in, the empirical study: Susan Nevelow Mart, The Algorithm as a Human Artifact: Implications for Legal [Re]Search, 109 Law Libr. J. 387, 400 n.78 (2017), available at http://scholar.law.colorado.edu/articles/755/.
Hepatoprotectant Ursodeoxycholyl Lysophosphatidylethanolamide Increasing Phosphatidylcholine Levels as a Potential Therapy of Acute Liver Injury (2012)

It has been long known that hepatic synthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PC) is depressed during acute such as carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury. Anti-hepatotoxic properties of PC as liposomes have been recognized for treatment of acute liver damage. Ursodeoxycholate (UDCA) is a known hepatoprotectant in stabilizing cellular membrane. For therapeutic management of liver injury, we coupled UDCA with a phospholipid known as ursodeoxycholyl lysophosphatidylethanolamide (UDCA-LPE). UDCA-LPE has been shown to first-in-class hepatoprotectant being superior to UDCA or PC. It inhibits mitochondrial damage and apoptosis, elicits survival signaling pathway, and promotes regeneration of hepatocytes. We herein report that a unique contribution of UDCA-LPE in increasing concentrations of PC in vitro and in vivo. UDCA-LPE-treated hepatocytes contained significantly increased PC levels. UDCA-LPE underwent the hydrolysis to LPE which was not the precursor of the increased PC. The levels of PC in the liver and blood were increased rapidly after intraperitoneally administration UDCA-LPE, and were found to be sustained even after 24 h. Among PC synthesis genes tested, UDCA-LPE treatment of mouse hepatocytes increased transcription of CDP-diacylglycerol synthase 1 which is an enzyme catalyzing phosphatidic acid to generate intermediates for PC synthesis. Thus, UDCA-LPE as a hepatoprotectant was able to induce synthesis of protective PC which would supplement for the loss of PC occurring during acute liver injury. This property has placed UDCA-LPE as a candidate agent for therapy of acute hepatotoxicity such as acetaminophen poisoning.
Entanglement by a beam splitter: Nonclassicality as a prerequisite for entanglement (2002)

A beam splitter is a simple, readily available device which can act to entangle output optical fields. We show that a necessary condition for the fields at the output of the beam splitter to be entangled is that the pure input states exhibit nonclassical behavior. We generalize this proof for arbitrary (pure or impure) Gaussian input states. Specifically, nonclassicality of the input Gaussian fields is a necessary condition for entanglement of the field modes with the help of a beam splitter. We conjecture that this is a general property of beam splitters: Nonclassicality of the inputs is a necessary condition for entangling fields in a beam splitter.
Expression and characterization of human PDEδ and its <i>Caenorhabditis</i><i>elegans</i> ortholog CEδ (1998)

Cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) is rod photoreceptor disk membrane-associated via C-terminal lipid tails. PDEdelta, a recently identified subunit, was shown to disrupt PDE/membrane interaction under physiological conditions, without affecting PDE catalytic activity. We found that a PDEdelta ortholog from the eyeless nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (termed CEdelta) solubilizes bovine PDE in vitro with an EC50 very similar to PDEdelta. Immobilized PDEdelta and CEdelta both bind, in addition to bovine PDE, an N-terminal fragment of human retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator, but not rhodopsin kinase and Ran binding protein 1. The results suggest that PDEdelta and CEdelta may regulate membrane binding of a variety of proteins in photoreceptors and other tissues.
A MEMS-Based Power-Scalable Hearing Aid Analog Front End (2010)

A dual-channel directional digital hearing aid front end using microelectromechanical-systems microphones, and an adaptive-power analog processing signal chain are presented. The analog front end consists of a double differential amplifier-based capacitance-to-voltage conversion circuit, 40-dB variable gain amplifier (VGA) and a power-scalable continuous time sigma delta analog-to-digital converter (ADC), with 68-dB signal-to-noise ratio dissipating 67 μ W from a 1.2-V supply. The MEMS microphones are fabricated using a standard surface micromachining technology. The VGA and power-scalable ADC are fabricated on a 0.25-μ m complementary metal-oxide semciconductor TSMC process.
Childhood cancer in relation to distance from high voltage power lines in England and Wales: a case-control study (2005)

There is an association between childhood leukaemia and proximity of home address at birth to high voltage power lines, and the apparent risk extends to a greater distance than would have been expected from previous studies. About 4% of children in England and Wales live within 600 m of high voltage lines at birth. If the association is causal, about 1% of childhood leukaemia in England and Wales would be attributable to these lines, though this estimate has considerable statistical uncertainty. There is no accepted biological mechanism to explain the epidemiological results; indeed, the relation may be due to chance or confounding.
Asymmetric Hydrogenations (Nobel Lecture 2001) (2003)

Abstract The start of the development of catalysts for asymmetric hydrogenation was the concept of replacing the triphenylphosphane ligand of the Wilkinson catalyst with a chiral ligand. With the new catalysts, it should be possible to hydrogenate prochiral olefins. Knowles and his co‐workers were convinced that the phosphorus atom played a central role in this selectivity, as only chiral phosphorus ligands such as ( R , R )‐DIPAMP, whose stereogenic center lies directly on the phosphorus atom, lead to high enantiomeric excesses when used as catalysts in asymmetric hydrogenation reactions. This hypothesis was disproven by the development of ligands with chiral carbon backbones. Although the exact mechanism of action of the phosphane ligands is not incontrovertibly determined to this day, they provide a simple entry to a large number of chiral compounds.
A 3.6 GHz double cross-coupled multivibrator VCO with 1.6-GHz tuning (2001)

This brief presents a fully monolithic voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) based on double cross-coupled multivibrator architecture with a speed enhancing RL-load designed and implemented on a standard 0.35-/spl mu/m BiCMOS process. The tuning range achieved is greater than 1.6 GHz with a center frequency of 3.6 GHz; and the measured phase noise is -98.2 dBc/Hz at an offset frequency of 600 kHz. The VCO draws 17.5 mA from a 2.4 V supply.