gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
VLSI Implementation of a Neuromorphic Spiking Pixel and Investigation of Various Focal-Plane Excitation Schemes (2004)

In this paper we describe a Neuromorphic spiking pixel architecture allowing the conversion of the light intensity into a pulse train signal. We first describe the spiking pixel architecture and its inherent advantages such as light adaptation mechanism and linear response characteristics. Inspired from biological visual systems and the integrate and fire oscillator, different inter-pixels interaction schemes are studied and their synchronization ability are compared. The spiking pixel architecture was implemented and the functionality of the spiking pixel imager is demonstrated through experimental results.
HIV Status, Burden of Comorbid Disease, and Biomarkers of Inflammation, Altered Coagulation, and Monocyte Activation (2012)

These data suggest that ongoing HIV replication and immune depletion significantly contribute to increased prevalence of elevated biomarkers of inflammation, altered coagulation, and monocyte activation. This contribution is independent of and in addition to the substantial contribution from comorbid conditions.
Synthesis and biological activities of polymers containing pyrimidine or carboxyl Group (1997)

A new monomer, methoxyitaconyl-5-fluorouracil (MITFU), was synthesized by the reaction of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and methoxyitaconyl chloride. The homopolymers of MITFU and exo-3,6-epoxy-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride and their copolymers with acrylic acid and/or vinyl acetate were prepared by the photopolymerizations. The synthesized MITFU and polymers were identified by Fourier transform infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies. The contents of MITFU in poly(MITFU–co–AA) and poly(MITFU–co–VAc) determined by elemental analysis were 45 and 72 mol%, respectively. The weight average molecular weights determined by gel permeation chromatography were in the range of 7200 to 16,500. The in vitro cytotoxicities of samples were evaluated with mouse mammary carcinoma (FM3A), mouse leukemia (P388) and human histiocytic lymphoma (U937) as cancer cell lines. The in vivo antitumor activities of synthesized polymers against mice bearing the sarcoma 180 tumor cell line were greater than those of 5-FU at concentrations of 0.8 and 80 mg/kg. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
British Airways flightdeck mortality study, 1950-1992. (1999)

The study confirms that flightdeck crew live longer than the England and Wales population and do not exhibit patterns of death that could be directly attributable to occupation.
PRODUCTION OF ANEUPLOIDS IN<i>AVENA SATIVA</i>L. BY NITROUS OXIDE (1973)

Oat plants were treated with nitrous oxide shortly after pollination. A high frequency of aneuploids in the progenies of treated plants indicates that this technique may be a useful tool for the production of aneuploid series in oats. Several 12-ploid, or nearly 12-ploid, oat plants were also obtained.
Monolithic integration of resonant tunneling diodes and FET's for monostable-bistable transition logic elements (MOBILE's) (1995)

A MOBILE (monostable-bistable transition logic element), employing two n-type negative differential resistance devices connected in series, is a functional logic gate with the advantages of multiple inputs and multiple functions. In this paper, a novel approach to achieve MOBILE operation is demonstrated using monolithic integration of resonant tunneling diodes (RTD) and FETs. In our new integration structure, an RTD and FET are connected in parallel. This structure offers several advantages including separate optimization of RTD's and FET's, and flexible circuit design abilities. For a single-input MOBILE gate, inverter operation at room temperature is demonstrated as the evidence of monostable-to-bistable transition.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
THE EFFECTS OF CLONIDINE ON ELECTRICALLY‐INDUCED CONTRACTIONS OF RAT DETRUSOR STRIPS <i>IN VITRO</i> (1983)

Clonidine (10(-9)-3 X 10(-6) M) produced a concentration dependent inhibition of field stimulation-induced contractions of rat detrusor muscle strip at 0.1 and 1 Hz which were completely abolished by tetrodotoxin (5 X 10(-7) M) but were unaffected by hexamethonium (10(-5) M). Pretreatment with yohimbine (10(-8)-10(-7) M) did not modify the amplitude of contractions but produced a rightward parallel shift of clonidine's cumulative response curve without a depression of the maximal response. The corresponding pA2 value for yohimbine was 8.44 +/- 0.1. Atropine (3 X 10(-6) M) produced a partial inhibition of contractions at both frequencies. In the presence of atropine the cumulative response curve of clonidine was significantly reduced at 1 but not at 0.1 Hz. Indomethacin (5 X 10(-5) M) and theophylline (2 X 10(-4) M) produced a partial inhibition of amplitude of contractions at both frequencies without any interference with the effect of a supramaximal concentration of clonidine. Prazosin (10(-6) M), propranolol (10(-6) M), chlorpheniramine (10(-6) M), ranitidine (10(-6) M), haloperidol (10(-7) M), pizotifen (10(-6) M), naloxone (10(-6) M), quinidine (10(-6) M), strychnine (10(-5) M) or picrotoxin (10(-5) M) neither affected the amplitude of contractions at either frequency nor antagonized clonidine effects. The contractile response of non stimulated strips to acetylcholine (10(-5) M), carbachol (3 X 10(-6) M) and ATP (10(-3) M) were not significantly influenced by pretreatment with clonidine (3 X 10(-6) M). These results suggest that stimulation of prejunctional alpha 2-adrenoreceptors located on postganglionic nerve endings might reduce the output of excitatory neurotransmitter(s) in rat urinary bladder.
Possible Substitutes for Nitrite (2004)

This chapter contains section titled: The Least Significant Nitrite-Free Curing Ljsing the Preformed Cooked Cured-Meat Pigment (Ccmp) Application of Ccmp to Meat Systems Preparation of the Powdered Cooked Cured-Meat Pigment (PCCMP Antioxidant Properties Flavor Characteristics Antimicrobial Properties Cumulative Effects of Nitrite-Free Curing Mixtures Taking Another Look at Nitrite References
Integrating Load Reduction Into Wholesale Energy Market With Application to Wind Power Integration (2011)

Renewable energy resources, notably wind power, are expected to provide considerable portion of the world energy requirements in the near future. Many system operators around the world are challenged by the problems associated with integrating these intermittent resources into the grid. As one of the potential solutions, demand response (DR) is expected to play a major role for mitigating integration issues of intermittent renewable energy resources. In this context, this paper proposes a DR program which helps to integrate wind power by reshaping the load of the system. The DR program provides a framework to procure load reduction from DR resources in the wholesale energy market. The participants in the program submit their offer packages to provide load reduction in the day-ahead energy market. A day-ahead network-constrained market clearing formulation is also proposed which considers the load reduction provided by the DR program participants as an energy market commodity. The proposed method, which is in the mixed-integer linear programming format, determines commitment state of generating units, schedules the energy and spinning reserve provided by generating units, and schedules the load reduction provided by the DR program participants. To reveal the features of the proposed method, several numerical studies are conducted on the IEEE-RTS. The results presented indicate that integrating load reduction in the energy market provides a powerful tool to selectively modify the system load to support wind power integration, while making significant economic and technical benefits for the system.
Guest Editorial: Collection Development (1997)

Collection development is not any single activity or group of activities but a planning and decision making process .its key functions are planning and policy making, collection analysis, materials selection,maintenance ,resource sharing etc.Each one of these functions involves several activities and they are interrelated. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dbit.17.1.3295
Oxidative Desulfurization of Diesel Fuels with Hydrogen Peroxide in the Presence of Activated Carbon and Formic Acid (2004)

Oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of diesel fuels with hydrogen peroxide was studied, using activated carbon as the catalyst. The adsorption and catalytic properties of activated carbons for dibenzothiophene (DBT), and the correlation between them, were investigated. The higher the adsorption capacity of the activated carbons, the higher the catalytic performance in the oxidation of DBT. DBT is oxidized by active oxygen species on the carbon surfaces when DBT is adsorbed on the carbon surfaces. The effect of the aqueous pH on the catalytic activities of the activated carbons was also investigated. It is observed that the oxidation rate of DBT on the carbons is enhanced when the aqueous pH is <2. The addition of formic acid can promote the oxidation of DBT in the presence of the wood carbons. The ODS of a commercial diesel fuel (with a sulfur content of 800 ppm) with hydrogen peroxide was investigated in the presence of activated carbon and formic acid. A much lower residual sulfur content (142 ppm) in the oxidized oil is observed after the oxidation, using the hydrogen peroxide−activated carbon−formic acid system, compared to that for a hydrogen peroxide−formic acid system, and the resulting oil, which contained 16 ppm of sulfur, is obtained after activated carbon adsorption; 98% of the sulfur could be removed from the diesel oil, with 96.5% oil recovery. Activated carbon has a high catalytic activity for the oxidative treatment of diesel fuels and can be used repeatedly. The reaction and adsorption in the desulfurization process are coupled, which causes low residual sulfur content in the oxidized oil. These results may indicate that activated carbon has a potential application in ODS to meet future regulations of sulfur in diesel fuels.
A putative zinc finger protein, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Vps18p, affects late Golgi functions required for vacuolar protein sorting and efficient alpha-factor prohormone maturation. (1991)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains carrying vps18 mutations are defective in the sorting and transport of vacuolar enzymes. The precursor forms of these proteins are missorted and secreted from the mutant cells. Most vps18 mutants are temperature sensitive for growth and are defective in vacuole biogenesis; no structure resembling a normal vacuole is seen. A plasmid complementing the temperature-sensitive growth defect of strains carrying the vps18-4 allele was isolated from a centromere-based yeast genomic library. Integrative mapping experiments indicated that the 26-kb insert in this plasmid was derived from the VPS18 locus. A 4-kb minimal complementing fragment contains a single long open reading frame predicted to encode a 918-amino-acid hydrophilic protein. Comparison of the VPS18 sequence with the PEP3 sequence reported in the accompanying paper (R. A. Preston, H. F. Manolson, K. Becherer, E. Weidenhammer, D. Kirkpatrick, R. Wright, and E. W. Jones, Mol. Cell. Biol. 11:5801-5812, 1991) shows that the two genes are identical. Disruption of the VPS18/PEP3 gene (vps18 delta 1::TRP1) is not lethal but results in the same vacuolar protein sorting and growth defects exhibited by the original temperature-sensitive vps18 alleles. In addition, vps18 delta 1::TRP1 MAT alpha strains exhibit a defect in the Kex2p-dependent processing of the secreted pheromone alpha-factor. This finding suggests that vps18 mutations alter the function of a late Golgi compartment which contains Kex2p and in which vacuolar proteins are thought to be sorted from proteins destined for the cell surface. The Vps18p sequence contains a cysteine-rich, zinc finger-like motif at the COOH terminus. A mutant in which the first cysteine of this motif was changed to serine results in a temperature-conditional carboxypeptidase Y sorting defect shortly after a shift to nonpermissive conditions. We identified a similar cysteine-rich motif near the COOH terminus of another Vps protein, the Vps11/Pep5/End1 protein. Preston et al. (Mol. Cell. Biol. 11:5801-5812, 1991) present evidence that the Vps18/Pep3 protein colocalizes with the Vps11/Pep5 protein to the cytosolic face of the vacuolar membrane. Together with the similar phenotypes exhibited by both vps11 and vps18 mutants, this finding suggests that they may function at a common step during vacuolar protein sorting and that the integrity of their zinc finger motifs may be required for this function.
Emerging role of mitophagy in human diseases and physiology (2017)

Mitophagy is a process of selective removal of damaged or unnecessary mitochondria using autophagic machinery. Mitophagy plays an essential role in maintaining mitochondrial quality control and homeostasis. Mitochondrial dysfunctions and defective mitophagy in neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and metabolic diseases indicate a close link between human disease and mitophagy. Furthermore, recent studies showing the involvement of mitophagy in differentiation and development, suggest that mitophagy may play a more active role in controlling cellular functions. A better understanding of mitophagy will provide insights about human disease and offer novel chance for treatment. This review mainly focuses on the recent implications for mitophagy in human diseases and normal physiology. [BMB Reports 2017; 50(6): 299-307].
Recursive forgetting algorithms (1992)

Abstract Fn the first part of this paper, a general forgetting algorithm is formulated and analysed. It contains most existing forgetting schemes as special cases. Conditions are given ensuring that the basic convergence properties will hold. In the second part of the paper, the results are applied to a specific algorithm with selective forgetting. Here, the forgetting is non-uniform in time and space. The theoretical analysis is supported by a simulation example demonstrating the practical performance of this algorithm.
Mechanisms of Dendrite Growth in Lithium Metal Batteries (2015)

Lithium dendrite growth in batteries not only causes capacity fading and a limited lifetime, it also causes severe safety concerns. Although known for 50 years, none of the presented remedies could sustainably tackle both the safety issue as well as the low cycling performance. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms are still not clear. In this work in situ light microscopy with unmatched spatial resolution and SEM were performed to gain insights into the mechanisms of dendritic deposition.
Fabrication of Ultrasensitive Field-Effect Transistor DNA Biosensors by a Directional Transfer Technique Based on CVD-Grown Graphene (2015)

Most graphene field-effect transistor (G-FET) biosensors are fabricated through a routine process, in which graphene is transferred onto a Si/SiO2 substrate and then devices are subsequently produced by micromanufacture processes. However, such a fabrication approach can introduce contamination onto the graphene surface during the lithographic process, resulting in interference for the subsequent biosensing. In this work, we have developed a novel directional transfer technique to fabricate G-FET biosensors based on chemical-vapor-deposition- (CVD-) grown single-layer graphene (SLG) and applied this biosensor for the sensitive detection of DNA. A FET device with six individual array sensors was first fabricated, and SLG obtained by the CVD-growth method was transferred onto the sensor surface in a directional manner. Afterward, peptide nucleic acid (PNA) was covalently immobilized on the graphene surface, and DNA detection was realized by applying specific target DNA to the PNA-functionalized G-FET biosensor. The developed G-FET biosensor was able to detect target DNA at concentrations as low as 10 fM, which is 1 order of magnitude lower than those reported in a previous work. In addition, the biosensor was capable of distinguishing the complementary DNA from one-base-mismatched DNA and noncomplementary DNA. The directional transfer technique for the fabrication of G-FET biosensors is simple, and the as-constructed G-FET DNA biosensor shows ultrasensitivity and high specificity, indicating its potential application in disease diagnostics as a point-of-care tool.
Suppression of Tumor Cell Growth by Anthocyanins In Vitro (1995)

Bioflavonoids, extracted from flower petals, were examined for their growth inhibitory effect on cells in culture. They were found to significantly suppress the growth of the cultured cells. Anthocyanins tended to show greater inhibitory effect than other flavonoids. Commercially synthesized or purified aglycones of flavonoids were also studied for their suppression of tumor cells. The anthocyanins were more effective than other flavonoid aglycones, although the aglycones were easily inactivated under the culture conditions.
Fluorescence lifetime-based glucose sensor using NADH (2012)

Fluorescence lifetime-based glucose sensing does not depend on fluctuations of the intensity of the light source, light scattering, or changes in the transmission of optical components. Here we demonstrate the sensing of glucose based on the fluorescence lifetime properties of dihydro nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), which is reduced from NAD in the presence of glucose and glucose dehydrogenase. In particular we use the difference in the fluorescence properties of free and protein-bound NADH and calculate an average fluorescence lifetime, which arises from the two short lifetimes τ<sub>1</sub>=0.28ns and τ<sub>2</sub>=0.60ns (representing free NADH) and the longer lifetime of τ<sub>3</sub>=2.9ns (for the protein-bound NADH). While initial results were derived from measurements in aqueous solution, we also demonstrate the suitability of this method for determining the concentration of glucose in blood using test strips. We find that the average fluorescence lifetime changes linearly by a factor of 0.17 per 100mg/<sub>dl</sub> change in glucose concentration. As an alternative the ratio between free and protein-bound components R<sub>s/l</sub> may also be used for quantification. Rs/l increases by a factor of 0.74 per 100mg/dl change in glucose concentration.
FATTY: A Reliable FAT File System (2007)

Most portable digital devices use the conventional FAT file system because of its compatibility. However, the FAT file system is unreliable across system crashes and power failures. This paper proposes the delayed sequential write method to improve the FAT file system 's reliability. Compared to other methods such as synchronous write and logging, the DSW method is simple and effective. Simulation results show that it is also quite efficient, about 50-80% better than synchronous write.
Magnetic resonance safety update 2002: Implants and devices (2002)

The preservation of a safe magnetic resonance (MR) environment requires constant vigilance by MR healthcare professionals, particularly with regard to the management of patients with metallic biomedical implants or devices. The variety and complexity of implants and devices constantly changes, requiring continuous attention and diligence with regard to obtaining the most current and accurate information about these objects relative to the MR environment. This review article discusses MR safety and MR compatibility issues and presents important information for a variety of implants and devices, with an emphasis on those objects that have recently undergone evaluation or that require additional consideration because of existing controversy or confusion.
Spectrum of Poisoning Requiring Haemodialysis in a Tertiary Care Hospital in India (1993)

We report our experience in 66 cases of acute poisoning requiring haemodialysis (HD) in the last 17 years. Barbiturate poisoning was the commonest poisoning (30 cases). Mean blood barbiturate level was 8.9 mg%. Twenty four were in grade IV coma at the time of presentation. Twenty five required one HD and 5 cases needed 2 HD. Four died due to respiratory infection or hypotension. Copper sulphate poisoning was encountered in 19 cases. Common features in this group were: acute renal failure (ARF) (19), haematuria (3), gastrointestinal bleeding (7), intravascular haemolysis (9), jaundice (11), hepatocellular toxicity (8), methaemoglobinuria (8) and circulatory collapse (5). The indication for HD in all these cases was ARF. Seven patients died. There were 9 cases of mercuric chloride poisoning requiring 2-5 HD. Common features in this group were; ARF (9), gastrointestinal bleeding (9), anaemia (8), jaundice (2). Two patients died. Other patients had Mandrax, Naphthalene, Tincture Iodine, Ethylene Bromide and Lithium poisoning. Overall mortality in our study was 24.2%. It is concluded that HD is not the primary mode of therapy for drug intoxication. Adequate supportive management is most important in determining final outcome of these patients.
The structure-activity relations of synthetic peptides as chemotactic factors and inducers of lysosomal secretion for neutrophils. (1976)

24 di-, tri-, and tetrapeptides have been synthesized as a start of a systematic study of the structural requirements for chemotactic activity and lysosomal enzyme-releasing ability in rabbit neutrophils. All but two of them are N-formyl methionyl peptides. Using the method of Zigmond and Hirsch (10), two representative peptides, F-Met-Leu-Phe and F-Met-Met-Met, were shown to stimulate directed, as well as, random locomotion; thus, they were truly chemotactic. The various peptides showed a wide spread in activity. F-Met-Leu-Phe, the most active peptide studied, had an ED50 for induced migration of 7 X 10(-11) M and for lysozyme and beta-glucuronidase release of 2.4 X 10(-10) M and 2.6 X 10(-10) M, respectively; the least active, Met-Leu-Glu was 26 million times less active in these respects. The relation of activity to structure is exceedingly specific, very small changes in structure making large changes in activity. Moreover, this specificity exhibits a definite regularity and pattern; the activity of a given peptide depends not only on its constituent amino acids but on the position of the amino acid in the peptide chain. Most striking in this last regards is the high activity conferred by phenylalanine when it is in the carboxyl terminal position of a tripeptide, whereas, as the second amino acid from the NH2 terminal end whether in a tripeptide or a dipeptide, it contributes no more to the activity than other amino acids with hydrophobic side chains such as leucine or methionine. The high activity and the specificity and nature of the structural requirements strongly suggest that the primary interaction of peptide and neutrophil leading to either chemotaxis or lysosomal enzyme release is a binding of the peptide with a stereospecific receptor on the neutrophil surface. Whether all chemotactic factors act through the same receptor is not known. An essentially exact correlation exists between the concentrations of the various synthetic peptides required to induce migration and their ability to induce release of lysozyme or beta-glucuronidase. This implies that these two neutrophil functions are triggered by teh same primary interaction; possibly, the binding of the peptides to the same putative receptor. A higher concentration of a given peptide is required to stimulate lysosomal enzyme release than a corresponding migratory response. A slightly but significantly higher concentration of peptide is required to induce beta-glucuronidase secretion than lysozyme release.