gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multifunctional coupling agents for living cationic polymerization. I. Sodiomalonate anions for vinyl ethers (1993)

Abstract A series of multifunctional malonate anions, [Na ⊕⊖ C(COOEt) 2 CH 2 ] m C 6 H 6− m ( I ; m = 2–4), were examined as polymer coupling agents for the living cationic polymerization of vinyl ethers initiated with the hydrogen iodide/zinc iodide (HI/ZnI 2 ) initiating system. The bifunctional anion ( 2 ; I, m = 2), 1,4‐[Na ⊕⊖ C(COOEt) 2 CH 2 ] 2 C 6 H 4 , terminated living polymers of isobutyl vinyl ether (IBVE) ( DP n = 10) almost quantitatively in toluene at −15°C to give coupled living polymers with doubled molecular weights in 96% yield; the dianion 2 was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran containing 18‐crown‐6 for maintaining the solution homogeneous. The yield of the coupled polymers was increased with shorter living chains or in less polar solvents. Also by coupling via 2 , ABA block copolymers were obtained from living AB block polymers of IBVE and an ester‐functionalized vinyl ether (CH 2 CHOCH 2 CH 2 OCOCH 3 ). Coupling of living poly(IBVE) with the trifunctional anion ( 3 ; I, m = 3) led to tri‐armed polymers in 56% yield, whereas with the tetrafunctional version ( 4 ; I, m = 4), only three out of the four anions reacted to give another tri‐armed polymer in 85% yield. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Rapid assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayer membranes using an automatic spray system (2012)

The layer‐by‐layer ( LbL ) assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayers on to a porous supporting membrane is able to create various new composite membranes. However, the low efficiency and long time required for such procedures limit practical applications. In this study, an automatic spray system has been constructed for the rapid assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayers on to nanoporous supporting membranes. The compounds polyacrylic acid and poly(ethyleneimine), used as a model polyelectrolyte pair, were alternately sprayed on to a polyacrylonitrile ultrafiltration membrane. Experiments proved that the composite membrane obtained in this way had a good pervaporation dehydration performance. In addition, the process times were dramatically decreased, by as much as 80 folds, when compared with classical dip‐ LbL methods. Such an automated system can easily be converted to the assembly of various organic species. Therefore, it is a versatile and highly efficient system for manufacturing composite multilayer membranes for many separation applications. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 59: 250–257, 2013
Power stabilizing method of the blue light source using quasi-phase-matched second harmonic generation (2000)

We propose a power stabilizing method on SHG blue laser consisting of a quasi-phase-matched second harmonic generation (QPM-SHG) devise and a tunable distributed Bragg reflector laser diode (DBR-LD) by controlling the wavelength of a DBR-LD. The control algorithm for realizing low electric-power consumption was constructed. The wavelength of a DBR-LD is controlled within the phase-matching wavelength allowance range of the QPM-SHG device. The power fluctuation of blue light within ±3% was attained.
Optical Architecture for a Multi-Megajoule ICF Driver Incorporating Megajoule Class KrF Amplifiers (1989)

A gaseous amplifying medium should be scalable to any arbitrary size. A system architecture is reported which will produce 10 MJ with only four amplifiers in the last stage by making use of this scalability. The system described uses optical angular multiplexing for efficient utilization of such large KrF amplifiers. For such large amplifiers, each multiplex beamline carries 16 kJ toward the target chamber. This is because the pump duration need only be increased as the cube root of the output energy and is only 2050 ns. While the use of angular multiplexing does not increase the total count of beamlines, it does increase their length since space has to be provided for the temporal decoder; a possible site plan is shown. Optical beam tubes are filled with He to avoid propagation problems and to promote cleanliness. Single shot sacrificial windows are proposed for large amplifiers. Relatively large multiplexing angles reduce crosstalk to a manageable level.
Towards an NLP-based log template generation algorithm for system log analysis (2014)

System log from network equipment is one of the most important information for network management. Sophisticated log message mining could help in investigating a huge number of log messages for trouble shooting, especially in recent complicated network structure (e.g., virtualized networks). However, generating log templates (i.e., meta format) from real log messages (instances) is still difficult problem in terms of accuracy. In this paper we propose a Natural Language Processing (NLP) approach to generate log templates from log messages produced by network equipment in order to overcome this problem. The key idea of the work is to leverage the use of Conditional Random Fields (CRF), a well-studied supervised natural language processing technique. As preliminarily evaluation, with one month network equipment logs in a Japanese academic network, we show that our CRF based algorithm improves the accuracy of generated log templates in reasonable processing time, compared with a traditional method.
Regioselective polymerization of divinyl sebacate and triols using lipase catalyst (1999)

The lipase-catalyzed regioselective polymerization of divinyl sebacate and triols has been carried out. Immobilized lipase derived from Candida antarctica induces the polymerization of divinyl sebacate and glycerol, yielding a soluble polymer of relatively high molecular weight. NMR analysis showed that 1,3-diglyceride is a main unit and the branching unit (triglyceride) is contained in the resulting polymer. These data indicate that the polymerization proceeds regioselectively to give the reactive polyester having a pendant hydroxy group.
Comparison of Sample Preparation Methods for Chip-Chip Assays (2006)

A single chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) sample does not provide enough DNA for hybridization to a genomic tiling array. A commonly used technique for amplifying the DNA obtained from ChIP assays is ligation-mediated PCR (LM-PCR). However; using this amplification method, we could not identify Oct4 binding sites on genomic tiling arrays representing 1% of the human genome (ENCODE arrays). In contrast, hybridization of a pool of 10 ChIP samples to the arrays produced reproducible binding patterns and low background signals. However the pooling method would greatly increase the number of ChIP reactions needed to analyze the entire human genome. Therefore, we have adapted the GenomePlex whole genome amplification (WGA) method for use in ChIP-chip assays; detailed ChIP and amplification protocols used for these analyses are provided as supplementary material. When applied to ENCODE arrays, the products prepared using this new method resulted in an Oct4 binding pattern similar to that from the pooled Oct4 ChIP samples. Importantly, the signal-to-noise ratio using the GenomePlex WGA method is superior to the LM-PCR amplification method.
The take of skin allograft following necrotizing herpes zoster in chronic lymphatic leukaemia (report of a case). (1982)

A case of herpes zoster involving the lumbar dermatomes is presented, where an unusual necrosis of the whole skin corresponding to the affected dermatomes was observed. Although it is well known that herpes zoster links with malignancies including chronic lymphatic leukaemia, the necrotizing stage of the skin is unfamiliar. In spite of the fact that malignancy contributes to a decreased host resistance, there is evidence suggesting that herpes zoster virus is the cause of skin necrosis. An allograft skin transplantation was performed successfully in the presence of immune deficient status over a period of six months.
A Qualitative Study on Attitude Towards Smoking and Quitting Among Smokers in Tribal Gypsies Dwelling from Chennai (2023)

Background: Tobacco happens to be as old as human civilization since the cultivation of tobacco plants, nicotiana rustica, and nicotiana tabacum, dates back to 8000 years before the American Indians spread that. Smoking tobacco discloses the consumer to more than 7000 chemicals, of which almost 250 and nearly 69 chemicals were proven to be harmful and carcinogenic correspondingly. A particular tribal community is called Narikuravars, which is partially a nomadic group that was present across the borders and has been interpreted with low educational levels, low socio-economic status, and a dearth of pertinent access to health care. Aim: To assess the attitudes towards smoking and quitting among smokers in tribal gypsies population dwelling from Chennai. Materials and methods: An in-depth interview for 15 current smokers and a focus group discussion of 15 current smokers were conducted with a guide and moderator, which was audio recorded. About 9, 13, and 68 subjects from primary, middle, and high school literates participated in the study. Their tobacco consumption and dependence using the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence scale (FTNDS) was assessed. Results: High nicotine dependency was observed among 80% of middle school and 62% of primary school literates. Similarly, a Low dependency rate was observed among primary and high school literate with a rate of 40% and 20%, respectively. All the participants were aware of the health effects of tobacco, which affects the lungs and causes cancer. Some of them have had their relatives and known people who had suffered from cancer due to smoking. However, they had no knowledge or idea about COTPA. Conclusion: An interdisciplinary approach is required to prevent tobacco usage along with the government's support by introducing new schemes and programs and creating awareness about the ill effects of tobacco usage. Hence, tribal gypsy people should be educated about the consequences of smoking, and multiple cessation programs are to be conducted for the betterment of their lifestyle.
Sickle cell disease and pulmonary hypertension in Africa: A global perspective and review of epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management (2007)

Secondary pulmonary hypertension (PAH) has been shown to have a prevalence of 30% in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) with mortality rates of 40% at 40 months after diagnosis in the United States. The burden of SCD is highest in sub-Saharan Africa, especially in Nigeria (West Africa), where approximately 6 million people are afflicted. The true global incidence, prevalence, and burden of SCD and its associated end organ complications however remain unknown. Chronic hemolysis represents a prominent mechanistic pathway in the pathogenesis of SCD-associated pulmonary hypertension via a nitric oxide (NO) scavenging and abrogation of NO salutatory effects on vascular function, including smooth muscle relaxation, downregulation of endothelial adhesion molecules and inhibition of platelet activation. Many known infectious risk factors for PAH are also hyperendemic in Africa, including Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS), chronic hepatitis B and C, and possibly malaria. Interactions between these infectious complications and SCD-related hemolysis could yield an even higher prevalence of pulmonary hypertension and compound the existing global health systems challenges in managing SCD. Indeed, our preliminary analysis of African immigrants currently in the United States suggests that pulmonary hypertension represents a significant complication of SCD in the African subcontinent. There is clearly a need to include Africa and other parts of the world with high SCD prevalence in future comprehensive studies on the epidemiology and treatment of end organ complications of an aging SCD population world-wide.
The Sound Design Toolkit (2017)

The Sound Design Toolkit is a collection of physically informed sound synthesis models, specifically designed for practice and research in Sonic Interaction Design. The collection is based on a hierarchical, perceptually founded taxonomy of everyday sound events, and implemented by procedural audio algorithms which emphasize the role of sound as a process rather than a product. The models are intuitive to control – and the resulting sounds easy to predict – as they rely on basic everyday listening experience. Physical descriptions of sound events are intentionally simplified to emphasize the most perceptually relevant timbral features, and to reduce computational requirements as well.
A 106 dB A-Weighted DR Low-Power Continuous-Time <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Sigma \Delta $</tex-math> </inline-formula> Modulator for MEMS Microphones (2016)

This paper presents a low-power, high-performance continuous-time ΣΔ modulator for MEMS microphones frontend. The ΣΔ modulator 3rd-order loop filter has been implemented with a low-noise, power-optimized active-RC architecture that uses only two operational amplifiers. This solution, along with the use of a 15-level quantizer and of a feedback DAC with three-level current-steering elements, which minimizes the noise contribution for small input signals, allows achieving a DR larger than 100 dB, while consuming less than 0.5 mW, as required in always-running audio modules for portable devices. The proposed ΣΔ modulator, realized in 0.16 μm CMOS technology with an area of 0.21 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , achieves 106 dB A-weighted DR and 91.3 dB peak SNDR, consuming 390 μW from a 1.6 V power supply.
Deep Brain Stimulation of Two Unconventional Targets in Refractory Non-Resectable Epilepsy (2008)

Our data confirm DBSof deep brain structures modulates the functional activity of the cerebral cortex as suggested by Adrian Upton in 1985. In the reported series, deep-brain stimulation of 2 unconventional targets belonging to the reticulo-cortical system (the brainstem-diencephalon functional system including structures that act as remote controls in modulating cortical excitability) was found to be effective in controlling otherwise refractory multifocal (pHyp) and focal sensorimotor (CZi) epilepsy when resective surgery was not feasible.
Hydroxamic Acid Analogue Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Attenuate Estrogen Receptor-α Levels and Transcriptional Activity: A Result of Hyperacetylation and Inhibition of Chaperone Function of Heat Shock Protein 90 (2007)

These findings show that treatment with HA-HDI abrogates ERalpha levels and activity and could sensitize ERalpha-positive breast cancers to E2 depletion or ERalpha antagonists.
Enhanced susceptibility to low‐dose collagen‐induced arthritis in CR1/2‐deficient female mice—possible role of estrogen on CR1 expression (2009)

The influence of complement receptor 1 and 2 (CR1/2) was investigated on the susceptibility to low-dose collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in wild-type (WT) and CR1/2-deficient DBA/1 mice. Significantly enhanced CIA was observed in female CR1/2-deficient mice compared with WT female mice, while male mutant and WT mice showed similar arthritis development. The enhanced CIA was accompanied with higher complement levels and a prolonged IgM anti-collagen type II response. When investigating whether estrogen contributed to the different arthritis susceptibility, we found that ovariectomy rendered WT females more sensitive to low-dose CIA and to the same extent as CR1/2-deficient females, while CR1/2-deficient mice were unaffected by ovariectomy. Notably, the ovariectomized WT mice displayed reduced CR1(+) B220(+) B-cell numbers and CR1 expression compared with sham-operated WT mice, suggesting a stimulatory effect of estrogen on CR1. In accordance, a significant correlation was observed between reduced CR1 expression in B cells and increased age in healthy female blood donors but not in male donors. Our findings demonstrate an important role of CR1/2 in suppressing CIA in female mice under low-antigen conditions. The data suggest that estrogen promote CR1 expression in B cells. These findings provide insight to the increased frequency of rheumatoid arthritis in postmenopausal women.
The role of WRKY transcription factors in plants (2015)

The WRKY proteins are one of the largest families of transcriptional regulators in plants. Their biosynthesis is<br /> induced during certain stages of plant development and upon pathogen infection. A single WRKY transcription<br /> factor may be involved in the regulation of several apparently disparate processes. Their hallmark is strong<br /> conservation of the DNA binding domain which contains an invariant WRKYGQK amino acid sequence and a zinc<br /> binding motif. However, the overall sequences of individual representatives are highly divergent. Little is known<br /> about the 3D-structure of the WRKY proteins. Up to date there have only been results of structural strudies of<br /> DNA binding domain available. In this review, the biological function as well the structural studies of the WRKY<br /> proteins have been recapitulated.
The p75 Neurotrophin Receptor Is an Essential Mediator of Impairments in Hippocampal-Dependent Associative Plasticity and Memory Induced by Sleep Deprivation (2019)

Sleep deprivation (SD) interferes with hippocampal structural and functional plasticity, formation of long-term memory and cognitive function. The molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are incompletely understood. Here, we show that SD impaired synaptic tagging and capture and behavioral tagging, two major mechanisms of associative learning and memory. Strikingly, mutant male mice lacking the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75<sup>NTR</sup>) were resistant to the detrimental effects of SD on hippocampal plasticity at both cellular and behavioral levels. Mechanistically, SD increased p75<sup>NTR</sup> expression and its interaction with phosphodiesterase. p75<sup>NTR</sup> deletion preserved hippocampal structural and functional plasticity by preventing SD-mediated effects on hippocampal cAMP-CREB-BDNF, cAMP-PKA-LIMK1-cofilin, and RhoA-ROCK2 pathways. Our study identifies p75<sup>NTR</sup> as an important mediator of hippocampal structural and functional changes associated with SD, and suggests that targeting p75<sup>NTR</sup> could be a promising strategy to limit the memory and cognitive deficits that accompany sleep loss.<b>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</b> The lack of sufficient sleep is a major health concern in today's world. Sleep deprivation (SD) affects cognitive functions such as memory. We have investigated how associative memory mechanisms, synaptic tagging and capture (STC), was impaired in SD mice at cellular and behavioral level. Interestingly, mutant male mice that lacked the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75<sup>NTR</sup>) were seen to be resistant to the SD-induced impairments in hippocampal synaptic plasticity and STC. Additionally, we elucidated the molecular pathways responsible for this rescue of plasticity in the mutant mice. Our study has thus identified p75<sup>NTR</sup> as a promising target to limit the cognitive deficits associated with SD.
RAN architecture options and performance for 5G network evolution (2014)

This paper discusses various RAN architecture design options, from fully centralized cloud-RAN to fully distributed edge cloud, as candidates for 5G network evolution. System-level performance is evaluated for each architecture option, while we also outline our vision for 5G network performance based on our extensive simulation studies. We further discuss the role of network virtualization, its challenges, and the expected technical and economic benefits for implementing the different RAN architecture options for 5G networks.
IMPREPARADA, LA MAYORIA DE EGRESADOS DE ESCUELAS DE EDUCACION SUPERIOR (1993)

JOSE GUTIERREZ VIVO, DIRECTOR GENERAL DE RADIO RED, DURANTE SU PARTICIPACION EN LA SEMANA ACADEMICA EN LA FCYA, SENALO QUE DE ACUERDO CON LA FORMA DE TRANSMITIR LA INFORMACION SE PUEDE DIVIDIR A LOS PAISES EN DOS GRANDES GRUPOS: EL PRIMERO ABARCA A AQUELLOS EN QUE LAS NOTICIAS SE DICTAN UNICAMENTE POR MEDIO DEL GOBIERNO. EL SEGUNDO, ABARCA UNA AMPLIA GAMA DE SITUACIONES QUE VAN DESDE LOS PAISES MAS ABIERTOS EN INFORMACION, HASTA LOS PAISES QUE SE DEDICAN AL AMARILLISMO. AGREGO QUE EN NUESTRO PAIS OTRO DE LOS GRAVES PROBLEMAS QUE VIVIMOS ES LA FALTA DE PREPARACION DE LOS EGRESADOS DE TODAS LAS ESPECIALIDADES, TANTO DE LAS UNIVERSIDADES PUBLICAS COMO DE LAS PRIVADAS.
Some measures and procedures for evaluation of the user interface in an information retrieval system (1988)

Planning the evaluation of an information retrieval system involves two steps: first, a determination of performance descriptors and measures appropriate to the system objectives and, secondly, a development of an evaluation design which ensures the effect of variation in components of interest will be isolated and assessed in an unbiased fashion. This paper examines the question of retrieval system evaluation from the perspective of the user. It presents evaluation procedures which are appropriate to this perspective and which can be used to isolate the effect of variation in the user interface to the system. The general procedure is exemplified by an application to evaluation of an experimental OPAC interface.
Rapid Prototyping for Training Purposes in Cardiovascular Surgery (2011)

The emergence of new and rapidly growing therapies in cardiovascular surgery requires larger training opportunities and a precise identification of the heart structures and its disease. Nowadays, imaging techniques such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and others allow the virtual reconstruction of hearts in a three-dimensional conformation. Those techniques are being used for mainly for diagnostic purposes (Olson, Lange et al. 2007) and for operation planning (Gasparovic, Rybicki et al. 2005) as well as for educational training (Lermusiaux, Leroux et al. 2001). However, they do not give tangible practice in surgical simulation. This explains, why currently, animals are still widely used for training and are often involved in research and development. However, animal experiments are difficult to realize in large numbers for various reasons including ethical concerns and cost. Major efforts are made to replace the use of animals by artificial biomodels or by animal-cadaveric-models for surgical training purposes. Training on animal-cadaveric-models often proves to be complicated since it requires heavy material supports and standard slaughtering in abattoirs. Artificial biomodeling appears to be a more and more promising alternative for training in cardiovascular surgery. Indeed, the realization in solid-replica of patient-specific and lifesize hearts contributes to the realism of the surgical procedure and facilitates recognition of the 3D structures, hence improving clinical performance. The procedure of heart biomodeling can be summarized as follows: (1) The acquisition of heart images, (2) the data processing and (3) the printing of the solid replica of the heart (Figure 1). In this chapter we will present a literature review of last progresses of rapid prototyping in the field of cardiovascular surgery and cardiology. In particular, concerns regarding to the methodology and processing of modeling, limitations, applications and perspectives will be emphasized.