gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Frankenplace: An Application for Similarity-Based Place Search (2021)

When experiencing or describing a new place people will often compare it against other places that they already know. However, this human attention to the simultaneous similarities and differences between places is not reflected in the design of user interfaces of current place search technologies. In this demo, we present Frankenplace, an application for doing similarity-based place search that allows users to interactively find new places based on mixtures of features drawn from different places. The features of places are derived from a combination of authoritative data sources and unstructured observation data from social media, and organized into an extensible set of layers. We demonstrate the Frankenplace interface, which lets a user build a profile of a target place by selecting the most relevant of the properties shared by known places.
Ionic Liquids Incorporating Polyamide 6: Miscibility and Physical Properties (2018)

The effects of 1-vinyl-3-butyl imidazole chloride (VBIM) on the structure and properties of Polyamide 6 (PA6) were investigated systematically. It was found that PA6/VBIM blends were homogeneous without phase separation. The glass transition temperature (<i>T</i><sub>g</sub>) of PA6 increased with small VBIM loadings followed by the decreasing in <i>T</i><sub>g</sub> with further increasing the amount of VBIM. The crystallization temperature decreased with the addition of VBIM because of the strong interactions between VBIM and the PA6 matrix, as well as the dilution effect when large amounts of VBIM was introduced to the matrix. According to rheological testing, small amounts of VBIM enhanced the storage modulus and melt viscosity of PA6. Tensile tests also show an increase in strength and modulus at relatively low loadings of VBIM. The strength of PA6 with only 1 wt % VBIM improved by 108% compared to that of neat PA6. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) investigations revealed that the ions of VBIM preferred to form hydrogen bonds with amide groups in PA6. Therefore, VBIM acts as physical connection point for the neighboring PA6 molecular chains. The specific interactions between VBIM and PA6 account not only for the enhanced melt viscosity of PA6, but also for the improved mechanical properties. Moreover, outstanding antistatic property was also observed. The surface resistivity of the sample with 1 wt % VBIM was 1.50 × 10<sup>10</sup> Ω/sq, which means good electric dissipation property.
A Single-Cycle Vaccine Vector Based on Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Can Induce Immune Responses Comparable to Those Generated by a Replication-Competent Vector (2005)

Live attenuated vaccine vectors based on recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) are effective in several viral disease models. In this study, we asked if a VSV vector capable of only a single cycle of replication might be an effective alternative to replication-competent VSV vectors. We compared the cellular immune responses to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope protein (Env) expressed by replication-competent and single-cycle VSV vectors and also examined the antibody response to Env. The single-cycle vector was grown by complementation with VSV G protein and then tested initially for immunogenicity when given by four different routes. When given by the intramuscular route in mice, we found that the single-cycle vector was equivalent to the replication-competent VSV vector in generating high-level primary and memory CD8 T-cell responses as well as antibody responses to Env. Cellular responses were analyzed using major histocompatibility complex class I tetramers and direct measurement of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity in vivo. We also found that the recall responses after boosting were equivalent in animals vaccinated with replication-competent or single-cycle vectors. Additionally, we observed recall and heightened memory responses after boosting animals with a single-cycle vector complemented with G protein from a different vesiculovirus. Because expression of HIV Env by G-deleted VSV might allow replication in human cells expressing CD4, we generated a single-cycle VSV recombinant expressing a secreted form of the HIV Env protein. This virus was just as effective as the recombinant expressing the membrane-anchored Env protein at producing CD8 T cells and antibody responses.
Basic and clinical aspects of gastrointestinal pain (2009)

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a system of organs within multicellular animals which facilitates the ingestion, digestion, and absorption of food with subsequent defecation of waste. A complex arrangement of nerves and ancillary cells contributes to the sensorimotor apparatus required to subserve such essential functions that are with the exception of the extreme upper and lower ends of the GI tract normally subconscious. However, it also has the potential to provide conscious awareness of injury. Although this function can be protective, when dysregulated, particularly on a chronic basis, the same system can lead to considerable morbidity. The anatomical and molecular basis of gastrointestinal nociception, conditions associated with chronic unexplained visceral pain, and developments in treatment are presented in this review.
Arte Digital: noción e implementación. Una mirada específica al contexto aragonés. (2009)

Este articulo esta basado en un trabajo de investigacion titulado Digital: estudio, analisis y concepcion de su origen e implentacion. Vision desde una perspectiva general y particular en el contexto aragones, que en septiembre de 2008 obtuvo la calificacion de Sobresaliente en el Diploma de Estudios Avanzados del Departamento de Historia del Arte de la Universidad de Zaragoza. El trabajo de investigacion consta de tres capitulos diferenciados.
 
- El primero, plantea el estado de la cuestion, la puesta en valor del arte a traves de las Tecnologias de la Informacion y Comunicacion (TICs). Es necesario conocer el contexto en el que se desarrolla este arte, es decir la Sociedad de la Informacion. Si no comprendemos los cambios que esta sufriendo la sociedad, no podremos entender que se genere este tipo de arte.
 
- El segundo capitulo define el concepto de arte digital, sus diversas expresiones artisticas y las caracteristicas que enmarcan dichas expresiones.
A Hybrid PCA-CART-MARS-Based Prognostic Approach of the Remaining Useful Life for Aircraft Engines (2015)

Prognostics is an engineering discipline that predicts the future health of a system. In this research work, a data-driven approach for prognostics is proposed. Indeed, the present paper describes a data-driven hybrid model for the successful prediction of the remaining useful life of aircraft engines. The approach combines the multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) technique with the principal component analysis (PCA), dendrograms and classification and regression trees (CARTs). Elements extracted from sensor signals are used to train this hybrid model, representing different levels of health for aircraft engines. In this way, this hybrid algorithm is used to predict the trends of these elements. Based on this fitting, one can determine the future health state of a system and estimate its remaining useful life (RUL) with accuracy. To evaluate the proposed approach, a test was carried out using aircraft engine signals collected from physical sensors (temperature, pressure, speed, fuel flow, etc.). Simulation results show that the PCA-CART-MARS-based approach can forecast faults long before they occur and can predict the RUL. The proposed hybrid model presents as its main advantage the fact that it does not require information about the previous operation states of the input variables of the engine. The performance of this model was compared with those obtained by other benchmark models (multivariate linear regression and artificial neural networks) also applied in recent years for the modeling of remaining useful life. Therefore, the PCA-CART-MARS-based approach is very promising in the field of prognostics of the RUL for aircraft engines.
Buckminsterfullerene and liquid-crystal mesophase (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBuckminsterfullerene and liquid-crystal mesophaseIan G. Dance, Keith J. Fisher, Gary D. Willett, and Michael A. WilsonCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 22, 8425–8428Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100175a002https://doi.org/10.1021/j100175a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Simultaneous retrieval of temperature-dependent absorption coefficient and conductivity of participating media (2016)

A secondary optimization technique was proposed to estimate the temperature-dependent thermal conductivity and absorption coefficient. In the proposed method, the stochastic particle swarm optimization was applied to solve the inverse problem. The coupled radiation and conduction problem was solved in a 1D absorbing, emitting, but non-scattering slab exposed to a pulse laser. It is found that in the coupled radiation and conduction problem, the temperature response is highly sensitive to conductivity but slightly sensitive to the optical properties. On the contrary, the radiative intensity is highly sensitive to optical properties but slightly sensitive to thermal conductivity. Therefore, the optical and thermal signals should both be considered in the inverse problem to estimate the temperature-dependent properties of the transparent media. On this basis, the temperature-dependent thermal conductivity and absorption coefficient were both estimated accurately by measuring the time-dependent temperature, and radiative response at the boundary of the slab.
The Butyrylcholinesterase K‐Variant Shows Similar Cellular Protein Turnover and Quaternary Interaction to the Wild‐Type Enzyme (2000)

A recent study has linked the butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) K-variant and the apolipoprotein epsilon4 isoform to late-onset Alzheimer's disease. These findings have been controversial and have led us to examine the differences between wild-type and K-variant BChE in enzyme activity, protein stability, and quaternary structure. J-variant BChE (E497V/A539T) was also studied because it is associated with the K-variant mutation. The K-variant mutation (A539T) is located in the C-terminal tetramerization domain. Wild-type, K-variant, and J-variant BChE were expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells and purified. The purified enzymes had similar binding affinity (Km) values and catalytic rates for butyrylthiocholine and benzoylcholine. In pulse-chase studies the K-variant, J-variant, and wildtype BChE were degraded rapidly within the cell, with a half-time of approximately 1.5 h. Less than 5% of the intracellular BChE was exported. The C-terminal peptide containing the K-variant mutation interacted with itself as strongly as did the wild-type peptide in the yeast two-hybrid system. Both K-variant and wild-type BChE assembled into tetramers in the presence of poly-L-proline or the proline-rich attachment domain of the collagen tail. The native K-variant BChE in serum showed the same proportion of tetramers as the native serum wild-type BChE. We conclude that the K-variant BChE is similar to wild-type BChE in enzyme activity, protein turnover, and tetramer formation.
Convergent evolution of SARS-CoV-2 spike mutations, L452R, E484Q and P681R, in the second wave of COVID-19 in Maharashtra, India (2021)

Abstract As the global severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic expands, genomic epidemiology and whole genome sequencing are being constantly used to investigate its transmissions and evolution. In the backdrop of the global emergence of “variants of concern” (VOCs) during December 2020 and an upsurge in a state in the western part of India since January 2021, whole genome sequencing and analysis of spike protein mutations using sequence and structural approaches was undertaken to identify possible new variants and gauge the fitness of current circulating strains. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the predominant clade in circulation was a distinct newly identified lineage B.1.617 possessing common signature mutations D111D, G142D, L452R, E484Q, D614G and P681R, in the spike protein including within the receptor binding domain (RBD). Of these, the mutations at residue positions 452, 484 and 681 have been reported in other globally circulating lineages. The structural analysis of RBD mutations L452R and E484Q along with P681R in the furin cleavage site, revealed that these may possibly result in increased ACE2 binding and rate of S1-S2 cleavage resulting in better transmissibility. The same two RBD mutations indicated decreased binding to select monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and may affect their neutralization potential. Experimental validation against a wider panel of mAbs, sera from vaccinees and those that recovered from natural infection needs to be studied. The emergence of such local variants through the accumulation of convergent mutations during the COVID-19 second wave needs to be further investigated for their public health impact in the rest of the country and its possibility of becoming a VOC.
Small Cysteine-Rich Antifungal Proteins from Radish: Their Role in Host Defense (1995)

Franky R. G. Terras, Kristel Eggermont, Valentina Kovaleva, Natasha V. Raikhel, Rupert W. Osborn, Anthea Kester, Sarah B. Rees, Sophie Torrekens, Fred van Leuven, Jozef Vanderleyden, Bruno P. A. Cammue, Willem F. Broekaert, Small Cysteine-Rich Antifungal Proteins from Radish: Their Role in Host Defense, The Plant Cell, Vol. 7, No. 5 (May, 1995), pp. 573-588
Time-Resolved Neutron Reflectometry and Photovoltaic Device Studies on Sequentially Deposited PCDTBT-Fullerene Layers (2014)

We have used steady-state and time-resolved neutron reflectometry to study the diffusion of fullerene derivatives into the narrow optical gap polymer poly[N-9″-hepta-decanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5,5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole)] (PCDTBT) to explore the sequential processing of the donor and acceptor for the preparation of efficient organic solar cells. It was found that when [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric-acid-methyl-ester (60-PCBM) was deposited onto a thin film of PCDTBT from dichloromethane (DCM), a three-layer structure was formed that was stable below the glass-transition temperature of the polymer. When good solvents for the polymer were used in conjunction with DCM, both 60-PCBM and [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric-acid-methyl-ester (70-PCBM) were seen to form films that had a thick fullerene layer containing little polymer and a PCDTBT-rich layer near the interface with the substrate. Devices composed of films prepared by sequential deposition of the polymer and fullerene had efficiencies of up to 5.3%, with those based on 60-PCBM close to optimized bulk heterojunction (BHJ) cells processed in the conventional manner. Sequential deposition of pure components to form the active layer is attractive for large-area device fabrication, and the results demonstrate that this processing method can give efficient solar cells.
ChemInform Abstract: INTRAMOLECULAR 2H GROUP‐TRANSFER IN HETEROCYCLIC BRIDGED‐RING SYSTEMS (DYOTROPIC REARRANGEMENTS) (1984)

Abstract Isodrin reagiert mit den aus den Tetrazolen (II) zugänglichen Diarylnitriliminen (I H) zu den Addukten (IV), die sich beim Erhitzen zu den Isomeren (V) mit hohen Ausbeuten umlagern.
Dynamic expression patterns of Robo (Robo1 and Robo2) in the developing murine central nervous system (2003)

The Robo family of molecules is important for axon guidance across the midline during central nervous system (CNS) development in invertebrates and vertebrates. Here we describe the patterns of Robo protein expression in the developing mouse CNS from embryonic day (E) 9.5 to postnatal day (P) 4, as determined by immunohistochemical labeling with an antibody (S3) raised against a common epitope present in the Robo ectodomain of Robos 1 and 2. In the spinal cord, midline-crossing axons are initially (at E11) S3-positive. At later times, midline Robo expression disappears, but is strongly upregulated in longitudinally running postcrossing axons. It is also strongly expressed in noncrossing longitudinal axons. Differential expression of Robo along axons was also found in axons cultured from E14 spinal cord. These findings resemble those from the Drosophila ventral nerve cord and indicate that in vertebrates a low level of Robo expression occurs in the initial crossing of the midline, while a high level of expression in the postcrossing fibers prevents recrossing. Likewise, Robo-positive ipsilateral axons are prevented from crossing at all. However, in the brain different rules appear to apply. Most commissural axons including those of the corpus callosum are strongly S3-positive along their whole length from their time of formation to postnatal life, but some have more complex age-dependent expression patterns. S3 labeling of the optic pathway is also complex, being initially strong in the retinal ganglion cells, optic tract, and chiasma but thereafter being lost except in a proportion of postchiasmal axons. The corticospinal tract is strongly positive throughout its course at all stages examined, including its decussation, formed at about P2 in the central part of the medulla oblongata.
A general purpose, single chip video signal processing (VSP) architecture for image processing, coding and computer vision (1994)

The paper describes the architecture of a novel, internally multiprocessing, single chip VSP. The limitations of extended DSP architectures and conventional array processors are discussed in the context of the functional domains of image processing, coding and computer vision. Integration of a novel array-based processing core, together with a RISC processor and intelligent memory management processor provide flexibility. The core architecture is an enhanced array processor whose key features are: 2 bit data path, dual processor mesh connected array planes and combined SIMD/systolic functionality. The core is optimised for 2D windowed operations, particularly 2D MAC and transforms. The device is expected to operate at 80 MHz on low voltage silicon and deliver in excess of 3 G Op s/sup -1/ across a range of target applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Zur arteriellen Versorgung der zervikalen Wirbelkörper beim Neugeborenen (1990)

The cervical vertebral column is mainly supplied by both vertebral arteries. A regular ladder pattern of arteries is on the dorsal plane as well as on the ventral plane of the cervical vertebral bodies, opposite to the thoracal and the lumbar area of the vertebral column with only a dorsal ladder pattern of arteries. The cervical arterial anastomoses are built by the segmental arteries of the vertebral arteries, in the back of the cervical vertebral bodies by the arteriae canalis vertebralis anteriores and in the front by the rami anteriores (corporum vertebrarum). The thyrocervical and the costocervical trunks are an additional blood supply especially to the ventral anastomoses. A loss of a segmental artery may have no effect because of the good anastomoses. Some decades of aa. nutriciae come in the vertebral body from all sides, but only 2 up to 4 rr. centrales anteriores and 2 rr. centrales posteriores join in the middle of the vertebral body. There are parallels to the arterial blood supply of the thoracal and the lumbar vertebral bodies. The longitudinal ligaments are supplied by both ladder patterns of arteries.
Isolation of a trypsin‐like serine protease gene family from the sheep blowfly <i>Lucilia cuprina</i> (1994)

Various protease inhibitors active against both trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like serine proteases were used to characterize gut proteases from Lucilia cuprina by in vitro feeding assays. Significant larval growth retardation was observed on feeding first-instar larvae with trypsin inhibitors, particularly soybean trypsin inhibitor. Feeding of chymostatin, a specific chymotrypsin inhibitor, resulted in no significant growth retardation. This information suggests that trypsin-like serine proteases are probably the major gut digestive enzymes. A DNA fragment obtained by PCR which coded for part of a putative trypsin gene from L. cuprina was used to isolate a four-member multigene family of trypsins. The full nucleotide sequence of one of the genes and partial sequence from the other three genes were determined. Transcription of at least one of the genes has been confirmed. All four of the genes appear to have arisen by two separate gene duplication events.
Rac regulates cardiovascular superoxide through diverse molecular interactions: more than a binary GTP switch (2003)

The small G protein Rac has been implicated in multiple cardiovascular processes. Rac has two major functions: 1) it regulates the organization of the actin cytoskeleton, and 2) it controls the activity of the key enzyme complex NADPH oxidase to control superoxide production in both phagocytes and nonphagocytic cells. In phagocytes, superoxide derived from NADPH has a bactericidal function, whereas Rac-derived superoxide in the cardiovascular system has a diverse array of functions that have recently been a subject of intense interest. Rac is differentially activated by cellular receptors coupled to distinct Rac-activating adapter molecules, with each leading to pathway-specific arrays of downstream effects. Thus it may be important to investigate not just whether Rac is activated but also where, how, and for what effector. An understanding of the biochemical functions of Rac and its effectors lays the groundwork for a dissection of the exact array of effects produced by Rac in common cardiovascular processes, including cardiac and vascular hypertrophy, hypertension, leukocyte migration, platelet biology, and atherosclerosis. In addition, investigation of the spatiotemporal regulation of both Rac activation and consequent superoxide generation may produce new insights into the development of targeted antioxidant therapies for cardiovascular disease and enhance our understanding of important cardiovascular drugs, including angiotensin II antagonists and statins, that may depend on Rac modulation for their effect.