gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiuser blind channel estimation and spatial channel pre-equalization (2002)

In this paper, we study two of the fundamental operations of a TDD smart antenna system, namely, the uplink channel and sequence identification and downlink selective transmission. For uplink, our focus is on the development of a blind estimation algorithm which is capable of resolving a multiuser system without the use of training sequence or any input statistics. For downlink, we propose a spatial channel pre-equalization scheme which simultaneously eliminates the intersymbol interference (ISI) and the co-channel interference (CCI) for all users using FIR filters. Both algorithms were validated by RF experiments using the smart antenna testbed developed in the University of Texas at Austin.
Nitric Oxide and Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity (2001)

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is comprised of the endothelial cells that line the capillaries of the brain. The unique characteristics of this barrier include tight intercellular junctions, a complex glycocalyx, a paucity of pinocytic vesicles, and an absence of fenestra. These properties allow for the selective exchange of substances between the systemic circulation and the extracellular fluid compartment of the brain. It is well established that there are many conditions, including those mediated by nitric oxide (NO), that can lead to an opening of the BBB, eventually leading to vasogenic edema and secondary brain damage. The precise molecular mechanisms mediating NO-induced tissue injury and the breakdown of the BBB are complex and not completely understood. NO is a soluble, easily diffusible gas that is generated by NO synthase. Two of the isoforms of NO synthase are constitutive, calcium-dependent enzymes that modulate many physiological functions, including the regulation of smooth muscle contraction and blood flow. The third isoform is calcium-independent and inducible and can be stimulated by stress, inflammation, and infection. Under these conditions, NO can be generated in large quantities and has detrimental effects on the CNS. NO has been shown to increase permeability of the BBB, allowing substances to enter into the brain passively. This review considers the role of NO and BBB integrity.
Age-Related Osteoporosis in Biglycan-Deficient Mice Is Related to Defects in Bone Marrow Stromal Cells (2002)

Biglycan (bgn) is an extracellular matrix proteoglycan that is enriched in bone and other skeletal connective tissues. Previously, we generated bgn-deficient mice and showed that they developed age-dependent osteopenia. To identify the cellular events that might contribute to this progressive osteoporosis, we measured the number of osteogenic precursors in the bone marrow of normal and mutant mice. The number of colonies, indicative of the colony-forming unit potential of fibroblasts (CFU-F), gradually decreased with age. By 24 weeks of age, colony formation in the bgn knockout (KO) mice was significantly more reduced than that in the wild type (wt) mice. This age-related reduction was consistent with the extensive osteopenia previously shown by X-ray analysis and histological examination of 24-week-old bgn KO mice. Because bgn has been shown previously to bind and regulate transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) activity, we also asked whether this growth factor would affect colony formation. TGF-beta treatment significantly increased the size of the wt colonies. In contrast, TGF-beta did not significantly influence the size of the bgn colonies. An increase in apoptosis in bgn-deficient bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) was observed also. The combination of decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis, if it occurred in vivo, would lead to a deficiency in the generation of mature osteoblasts and would be sufficient to account for the osteopenia developed in the bgn KO mice. The bgn KO mice also were defective in the synthesis of type I collagen messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein. This result supports the suggestion that the composition of the extracellular matrix may be regulated by specific matrix components including bgn.
Address to Australia-Hong Kong RMB trade and investment dialogue (2013)

In parallel with the development of RMB markets offshore, reform has continued within China's domestic financial sector. This has included reforms to state-owned banks, the partial liberalisation of interest rates, growing securities markets, developing regulatory frameworks and an increasingly flexible exchange rate. And today the RMB itself following years of steady appreciation, notwithstanding some notable pauses has reached a point where it is exhibiting greater two-way flexibility than at any point in the recent past.
Hyaluronic acid in the pulmonary secretions of patients with asthma (1978)

Hyaluronic acid was the only glycosaminoglycan found in the pulmonary secretions of patients with asthma. The compound had a hexuronate/hexosamine molar ratio of about 1:1. Glucosamine constituted over 98% of the hexosamines, the remaining being galactosamine. The compound moved as a single spot with the mobility of standard hyaluronic acid on cellulose acetate electrophoresis, and this spot disappeared after digestion with testicular hyaluronidase. Even after extensive proteolysis and purification, the compound was associated with small amounts of protein, the major amino acids of which were aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, glycine and valine.
Soluble c‐kit molecule in serum from healthy individuals and patients with haemopoietic disorders (1995)

The proto-oncogene, c-kit, encodes a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor (KIT) and plays an important role in haemopoiesis. We have identified a 95 kD soluble form of KIT (S-KIT) in culture supernatant of human megakaryoblastic cell line, CMK. To study the physiological significance of S-KIT, we have established a sensitive sandwich ELISA system. Serum samples from healthy individuals contained detectable amounts of S-KIT. Next, we determined a total of 220 samples from 134 patients with haemopoietic disorders. A considerable number of patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), especially those with more immature phenotypes (M0, M1 or M2) had elevated levels of serum S-KIT. Those levels decreased to the normal range after effective chemotherapy. In chronic myeloid leukaemia, patients with myeloid blastic crisis showed markedly elevated levels of serum S-KIT. In contrast, S-KIT levels decreased in cases with either acute or chronic lymphoid leukaemia. There was a tendency for patients with severe aplastic anaemia to show decreased levels, but it was not significant. In myelodysplastic syndrome, S-KIT levels appeared to vary by subsets, with higher concentration in more advanced forms of the disease. Although the functional role of S-KIT is not yet elucidated, these results suggest that the serum S-KIT levels may reflect the pathological states of various haematological disorders.
Image reduction for object recognition (2003)

The problem addressed is that of the fast generation of accurate multiple downscaled copies of an input image, with an arbitrary non-integer reduction factor, for object detection and recognition. Three algorithms that can be implemented in parallel, recursive and hybrid architectures are introduced and compared in terms of their accuracy and computational complexity. It is shown that the recursive algorithm is the most advantageous in terms of computational complexity, while the parallel algorithm performs better in terms of accuracy reduction. The hybrid algorithm combines advantages of both.
Headlight prefetching for mobile media streaming (2007)

Multimedia information services in mobile environments are becoming more and more important with the proliferation of 3G technologies. Media streaming, in particular, is a promising technology for providing services such as news clips, live sports, and hot movies on the fly. To avoid service interruption when the users keep moving, proper data management strategies must be employed. We propose a new headlight prefetching technique for the streaming access points to deal with the uncertainty of client movement and the requirement of seamless service hand-off. For each mobile client, we maintain a virtual fan-shaped prefetching zone along the direction of movement similar to the headlight of a moving vehicle. The overlapping area and the accumulated virtual illuminance of the headlight zone on a particular cell determines the degree and volume of prefetching to be made by the streaming access point of that cell. Headlight prefetching solves the issues of identifying the streaming access points responsible for prefetching, the timing and the amount of data to prefetch in a single mechanism which is simple and effective. Simulation results demonstrate that our techniques can significantly decrease streaming disruptions, reduce bandwidth consumption, increase cache utilization and improve service response time.
Visible light communication: opportunities, challenges and the path to market (2013)

Visible light communication is a potentially disruptive form of wireless communication that can supplement radio frequency communication and also uniquely enable novel mobile wireless device use cases. High data rate downlink communication in homes and offices and high accuracy indoor positioning in retail stores are two of the most compelling use cases of this promising new technology. Large-scale commercialization of visible light communication devices will depend on both the development of robust and efficient engineering solutions, and the execution of incremental commercialization strategies.
New dinitroxides as efficient polarizing agents for Dynamic Nuclear Polarization solid-state NMR (2014)

Depuis sa decouverte, la spectroscopie de Resonance Magnetique Nucleaire (RMN) a permis de grandes avancees scientifiques dans de nombreux domaines allant de la physique a la medecine. L'inconvenient majeur de la RMN est sa faible sensibilite intrinseque, due a la tres faible polarisation des spins nucleaires. Au cours de ces 20 dernieres annees, la Polarisation Dynamique Nucleaire (PDN) s'est developpee comme technique tres prometteuse permettant d'augmenter la polarisation de spin nucleaire, et l'intensite des signaux en RMN liquide ou solide de plusieurs ordres de grandeur. Dans les memes conditions experimentales, la polarisation de spin de l'electron est beaucoup plus grande que la polarisation de spin nucleaire et la PDN permet le transfert de cette forte polarisation a partir d'un agent de polarisation paramagnetique (habituellement un radical libre organique) vers les noyaux avoisinants. L'augmentation de l'intensite du signal RMN (I) est caracterise par un facteur d'exaltation e=I(μw ON)/I(μw OFF).L'objectif principal de cette these est la synthese d'agents de polarisation, de type dinitroxyde, solubles dans l'eau et tres efficaces pour des experiences de MAS ssNMR/PDN. Nous avons prepare une large serie de derives du bTurea solubles dans l'eau et leurs performances PDN ont ete evaluees a different champs magnetiques. En remplacant les groupements methyl des fonctions TEMPO par des cycles pyranyl, ainsi qu'en introduisant des chaines PEG sur le linker uree, AMUPol (e=247) et PyPolPEG2OH (e=303) ont entre autres ete obtenus. Ce sont actuellement les agents de polarisation les plus efficaces pour des experiences de MAS ssNMR/PDN en milieux aqueux.
MEMS-based clamp with a passive hold function for precision position retaining of micro manipulators (2009)

In this paper the design, modeling and fabrication of a precision MEMS-based clamp with arelatively large clamping force are presented. The purpose of the clamp is to mechanically fixa six-degree-of-freedom (DOF) MEMS-based sample manipulator (Brouwer et al J. Int. Soc. Precis. Eng. Nanotechnol. submitted) once the sample has been positioned in all DOFs. The clamping force is generated by a rotational electrostatic comb-drive actuator and can be latched passively by a parallel plate type electrostatically driven locking device. The clamp design is based on the principles of exact constraint design, resulting in a high actuation compliance (flexibility) combined with a high suspension stiffness. Therefore, a relatively large blocking force of 1.4 mN in relation to the used area of 1.8 mm^2 is obtained. The fabrication is based on silicon bulk micromachining technology and combines a high-aspect-ratio deep reactive ion etching (DRIE), conformal deposition of low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) silicon nitride and an anisotropic potassium hydroxide (KOH) backside etching technology. Special attention is given to void reduction of SixNy trench isolation and reduction of heating phenomena during front-side release etching. Guidelines are given for the applied process. Measurements showed that the clamp was able to fix, hold and release a test actuator. The dynamic behavior was in good agreement with the modal analysis.
Regulation of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Secretion by Cannabinoids (2005)

Cannabinoids (CBs) exert untoward effects on reproduction by reducing LH secretion and suppressing gonadal function. Recent evidence suggests these effects are due primarily to hypothalamic dysfunction; however, the mechanism is obscure. Using immortalized hypothalamic GnRH neurons, we find these cells produce and secrete at least two different endocannabinoids. After release, 2-arachidonyl monoacylglycerol and anandamide are rapidly transported into GnRH neurons and are degraded to other lipids by fatty-acid amide hydrolase. The immortalized GnRH neurons also possess CB1 and CB2 receptors that are coupled to Gi/Go proteins whose activation leads to inhibition of GnRH secretion. In perifusion experiments, CBs block pulsatile release of GnRH. When a CB receptor agonist is delivered into the third ventricle of adult female mice, estrous cycles are prolonged by at least 2 d. Although in situ hybridization experiments suggest either that GnRH neurons in vivo do not possess CB1 receptors or that they are very low, transcripts are localized in close proximity to these neurons. Inasmuch as GnRH neurons in vivo possess G protein receptors that are coupled to phospholipase C and increased intracellular Ca2+, these same neurons should also be able to synthesize endocannabinoids. These lipids, in turn, could bind to CB receptors on neighboring cells, and perhaps GnRH neurons, to exert feedback control over GnRH function. This network could serve as a novel mechanism for regulating GnRH secretion where reproductive functions as diverse as the onset of puberty, timing of ovulation, duration of lactational infertility, and initiation/persistence of menopause may be affected.
Epistemología de los modelos de optimización para la toma de decisiones en las organizaciones (2018)

The cognitive apparatus that subjects use for decision-making in companies such as models based on nomothetic sciences and ideographic sciences has been applied to a wide range of situations within various areas. In the conscious taking of decisions under certainty or uncertainty, limited or unlimited rationalities, everyday or complexities and static or emergent properties, analysis, forecasts, predictions and interventions are always carried out. We might think that we are not forecasting, but our options will be guided by the anticipation of results of actions or inactions. Optimization Models for decision making have an epistemological support at all times, in thinking and acting in the organization; therefore, they have also served for the analysis of organizations at different levels. Each model is argued in epistemological cribs that define the future of organizations.
Multiple‐quantum‐well optical modulators and their monolithic integration with DFB lasers for optical‐fiber communications (invited paper) (1994)

Abstract High‐speed, low‐driving‐voltage operation of multiple‐quantum‐well (MQW) external modulators based on the quantum‐confinement Stark effect (QCSE) operating at long wavelengths are reviewed. We discuss the design and characteristics of ultrafast intensity and phase MQW modulators that have been developed by our group and we compare them with those of other material systems and structures based on a defined figure of merit for external modulators. In addition, we discuss a new integrated light source that enables external modulation of an in‐plane DFB laser to reduce wavelength chirping and coupling loss with a laser and a modulator. Finally, we describe new applications for optical soliton pulse generation using the above intensity modulator. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Does obesity lead to a specific lipid disorder? Analysis from the German/Austrian/Swiss APV registry (2011)

Overweight and obese youth represent a challenge for the affected individual, the healthcare system as well as society as a whole. Increased long-term cardiovascular risk is one of the major consequences of early-onset obesity, affecting both life expectancy and quality of life. The aim of this report is to study the effects of age, gender and obesity category on the presence of individual components of dyslipidemia using normal-weight subjects from the population-based German KIGGS study including 17,641 randomly selected children and adolescents, aged 0-18 years (11,110 normal-weight subjects with lipid measurements) and the German-Austrian-Swiss APV registry, including 57,239 overweight or obese children, adolescents and young adults from 162 specialized obesity care centers (lipid measurements available in 29,711 subjects). Subjects were classified according to BMI category based on the age- and gender-adjusted BMI-z-scores as recommended by the AGA (German Pediatric Obesity working group). Cut-offs for dyslipidemia were based on the recommendations by the American Heart Association: total cholesterol: > 5.2 mmol/l, HDL-cholesterol < 0.9 mmol/l, LDL-cholesterol > 3.4 mmol/l, triglycerides > 1.7 mmol/l. Using SAS 9.2-software, hierarchic modeling with both linear and logistic regression analysis was applied. Within the group of normal-weight children, fasting triglycerides were elevated in 3.3%, LDL-cholesterol in 7.2% and HDL-cholesterol was reduced in 3.1%. With increasing BMI-category, the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and reduced HDL-cholesterol increased rapidly. A weaker relationship was present for LDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol. Among obese youth, 30.5% displayed any dyslipidemia, underlining the importance of adequate screening and intervention.
Effect of fluorine-ion implantation on buried nitride silicon-on-insulator structures (1992)

Effect of fluorine-ion (19F+) implantation on the buried silicon nitride silicon-on-insulator (SOI) structures was investigated. Fluorine was introduced before and after the synthesis of buried Si3N4 layers in silicon by high-dose nitrogen ion (14N+) implantation. Infrared transmission spectropscopy and glancing angle x-ray diffraction studies show that 19F+ implantation before SOI synthesis inhibits the growth of larger-size polycrystalline Si3N4 grains, whereas after the synthesis it removes undesired polycrystalline silicon and helps to obtain larger-grain-size α-polycrystalline silicon nitride in few preferred planes.
TransA: An Adaptive Approach for Knowledge Graph Embedding (2015)

Knowledge representation is a major topic in AI, and many studies attempt to represent entities and relations of knowledge base in a continuous vector space. Among these attempts, translation-based methods build entity and relation vectors by minimizing the translation loss from a head entity to a tail one. In spite of the success of these methods, translation-based methods also suffer from the oversimplified loss metric, and are not competitive enough to model various and complex entities/relations in knowledge bases. To address this issue, we propose \textbf{TransA}, an adaptive metric approach for embedding, utilizing the metric learning ideas to provide a more flexible embedding method. Experiments are conducted on the benchmark datasets and our proposed method makes significant and consistent improvements over the state-of-the-art baselines.
P-cadherin counteracts myosin II-B function: implications in melanoma progression (2010)

Therefore, we conclude that P-cadherin counteracts the expression and function of myosin II-B, resulting in the suppression of the invasive and migratory behaviour of BLM melanoma cells.
Spontaneous Abortion Among Pregnancies Conceived Using Assisted Reproductive Technology in the United States (2003)

In Brief OBJECTIVE To examine rates and risk factors for spontaneous abortion among pregnancies conceived using assisted reproductive technology (ART). METHODS Subjects were 62,228 clinical pregnancies resulting from ART procedures initiated in 1996–1998 in US clinics. Spontaneous abortion was based on ART clinic report and was defined as loss of the entire pregnancy. Spontaneous abortion rates for ART pregnancies were compared with spontaneous abortion rates from the National Survey of Family Growth, a population-based survey of US women 15–44 years. RESULTS The spontaneous abortion rate among ART pregnancies was 14.7%. This was similar to rates among pregnancies reported in the National Survey of Family Growth. Among pregnancies conceived with the patient's oocytes and freshly fertilized embryos, the spontaneous abortion risk ranged from 10.1% among women 20–29 years to 39.3% among women older than 43. Spontaneous abortion risk among pregnancies conceived with donor eggs was 13.1% with little variation by patient age. Spontaneous abortion risk was increased for pregnancies conceived with frozen and thawed embryos and decreased among multiple-gestation pregnancies. Spontaneous abortion risk was increased among women reporting previous spontaneous abortions and ART attempts, and among women who used clomiphene or zygote intrafallopian transfer. Pregnancies conceived by young women, but gestated by a surrogate, were at increased risk for spontaneous abortion in comparison with young women who gestated their own pregnancies. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that ART does not pose a risk for spontaneous abortion. Factors related to oocyte or embryo quality are of primary importance in assessing spontaneous abortion risk. The risk for spontaneous abortion is not increased among pregnancies conceived using assisted reproductive technology.