gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intention-Aware Supervisory Control with Driving Safety Applications (2019)

This paper proposes a guardian architecture, consisting of an estimation and a supervisor module providing a set of inputs that guarantees safety, in driving scenarios. The main idea is to offline compute a library of robust controlled invariant sets (RCIS), for each possible driver intention model of the other vehicles, together with an intention-agnostic albeit conservative RCIS. At runtime, when the intention estimation module determines which driver model the other vehicles are following, the appropriate RCIS is chosen to provide the safe and less conservative input set for supervision. We show that the composition of the intention estimation module with the proposed intention-aware supervisor module is safe. Moreover, we show how to compute intention-agnostic and intention-specific RCIS by growing an analytically found simple invariant safe set. The results are demonstrated on a case study on how to safely interact with a human-driven car on a highway scenario, using data collected from a driving simulator.
Topical application of nerve-specific fluorophores for image-guided nerve sparing surgical procedures (Conference Presentation) (2018)

Nerve damage plagues surgical outcomes, significantly affecting post-surgical quality of life. Surprisingly, no method exists to enhance direct nerve visualization in the operating room, and nerve detection is completed through a combination of palpation and visualization when possible. Fluorescence image-guided surgery offers a potential means of enhanced nerve identification and preservation, however a clinically approved nerve-specific contrast agent does not yet exist. Several classes of nerve-specific fluorophores have recently been demonstrated including the distyrylbenzenes (DSB), select oxazines (oxazine 4 perchlorate), and certain cyanines (3,3’-diethylthiatricarbocyanine iodine), which could provide intraoperative guidance. The nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy is a surgical procedure that could benefit from fluorescence image-guided nerve identification. Although the nerve-sparing surgical technique was developed over 30 years ago, nerve damage following radical prostatectomy is reported in some form in up to 60% of patients one to two years post-surgery. To facilitate clinical translation of fluorescence image guided surgery to the nerve sparing prostatectomy, a direct administration methodology was developed that allows selective nerve highlighting with a significantly lower fluorophore dose than systemic administration, where large animal studies have confirmed the technique’s translatability. Tissue penetration will be critical for clinical feasibility of the direct administration methodology and novel formulation strategies have been explored to enhance tissue penetration for identifying buried nerves. In addition, several biomolecular targets of Oxazine 4, a promising candidate for nerve-specific fluorophore development into a near-infrared (NIR) agent, have been identified, providing insight into the mechanism of nerve-specificity. Fluorophore development has made progress towards the goal of creating a NIR nerve-specific fluorophore and determining the structure-activity relationship responsible for nerve binding.
Catalyst to the hydroformylation of olefins, comprising amidinato-silylene ligands and its use (2017)

Amidinato-​supported bis-​silylenes I (1, R1-​R3 = alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycle; L = O, benzenediolate, pyridinediaminate, ferrocenediyl, preferably, L = 1,​1'-​ferrocenediyl)​, useful as ligands for transition metal complexes, active as catalysts in alkene hydroformylation and prodn. of aldehydes, were prepd. by metalation of linker precursors H2L and reaction with amidinato-​supported chlorosilylenes R2CNR1NR3SiCl; subsequent complexation of I with transition metal precursors, preferably, with HRh(CO)​(PPh3)​3 produced active and stable hydroformylation catalysts. In an example, lithiation of 3.23 mmol of ferrocene with BuLi​/TMEDA gave the dilithioferrocene intermediate, which was reacted with 6.45 mmol of (N,​N'-​di-​tert-​butylbenzamidinato)​chlorosilicon in 30 mL of toluene for 12 h at 20°, giving the invented ligand, 1,​1'-​[PhC(NtBu)​2Si]​2(C5H4)​2Fe (1a)​. Complexation of 1a with HRh(CO)​(PPh3)​3, taken in equimol. amts. in C6D6 gave the rhodium complex [[1,​1'-​[PhC(NtBu)​2Si]​2(C5H4)​2Fe]​RhH(CO)​(PPh3)​] (2a)​. Hydroformylation of styrene at 100° and CO​/H2 pressure of 30 atm, catalyzed by HRh(CO)​(PPh3)​3/1a (1:3)​, exhibited TOF of 9075 h-​1, compared to 3007 in the same conditions catalyzed by HRh(CO)​(PPh3)​3/Xantphos (1:3) combination.
Fast triangle reordering for vertex locality and reduced overdraw (2007)

We present novel algorithms that optimize the order in which triangles are rendered, to improve post-transform vertex cache efficiency as well as for view-independent overdraw reduction. The resulting triangle orders perform on par with previous methods, but are orders magnitude faster to compute.
The Hanna Suction Punch Block and Trephine System for Penetrating Keratoplasty (1989)

We describe a new system for corneal trephination. The system for cutting donor buttons consists of a concave Teflon well in which the donor corneoscleral shell is secured by gentle suction. A cylindrical guide ensures that the disposable razor blade trephine is centered and is perpendicular during punching from the endothelium. The suction mechanical trephine used for the host has the following features: (1) a gun-sight alignment system for reliable centering, (2) a 360 degrees limbal suction ring that secures the trephine to the eye and ensures perpendicularity of the cut, (3) support surfaces on either side of the disposable razor blade that support the cornea during cutting to create near-vertical uniform wound margins, (4) rotation of the trephine with a manually operated gear system for smooth cutting, and (5) a calibration device that governs the extension of the blade and also allows cutting without descent of the blade.
Efficacy of self-etching primers containing carboxylic acid monomers on the adhesion between composite resin and dentin. (1998)

A study was conducted to examine the efficacy of carboxylic acid monomers as self-etching primers by measuring the tensile bond strengths between composite resin and dentin. Several kinds of carboxylic acid monomers, such as o-(N-methacryloyl amino)benzoic acid (o-MABA), m-(N-methacryloyl amino)benzoic acid (m-MABA), p-(N-methacryloyl amino)benzoic acid (p-MABA), 4-methacryloxy phthalic acid (4-MPA), 2-(N-methacryloyl amino) terephthalic acid (2-MATPA), and 5-(N-methacryloyl) amino)isophthalic acid (5-MAIPA), were prepared. 4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitic anhydride (4-META) was also used as a component of the self-etching primer. The DMSO solutions of these monomers were used as self-etching primers. The tensile bond strengths between composite resin and dentin were measured after 24 h immersion in water at 37 degrees C. When DMSO was used as a self-etching primer, the bond strengths were below 5 MPa. Among the monocarboxylic acid monomers, m-MABA gave the highest mean bond strength at 60 s application, and 5MAIPA gave the highest mean bond strength at 30 s application among the dicarboxylic acid monomers, although the differences among the values were not always significant. The smear layer was partially dissolved by treatment with the self-etching primer.
Anticancer activity of silver(I) cyclohexyldiphenylphosphine complexes towards SNO cancer cells (2017)

Silver and its derivatives have been and are currently used as antimicrobial and antibacterial agents. However, their use is rather limited to date as anticancer agents. Thus, this study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of three silver(I) complexes which have the ability to adopt different geometries,and to induce cancer cell death in SNO esophageal cancer cells. Silver thiocyanate was reacted in different ratios with cyclohexyldiphenylphosphine to obtain 1:1 (complex <b>1</b>), 1:2 (complex <b>2</b>) and 1:3 (complex <b>3</b>) molar ratios of silver(I):cyclohexyldiphenylphosphine complexes. These complexes were characterized using conventional spectroscopic techniques, which included <sup>1</sup>H, <sup>13</sup>C and <sup>31</sup>P NMR, FTIR and microanalysis (%C, H, N, S). In addition, the single-crystal X-ray structures of complexes<b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were determined. Moreover, all three complexes displayed toxic activity towards the malignant SNO cells with IC<sub>50</sub> concentrations below 5 μM as determined with an alamarBlue® viability assay. Morphological and flow cytometric analysis were included to identify the possible mode of cancer cell death. These biochemical assays revealed that all three treatments induced apoptosis due to the presence of specific apoptotic markers.
A Capacitive Isolated LLC Converter (2021)

In this paper, a novel isolated structure is presented and applied to the LLC converter. The resonant capacitor is separated into two resonant capacitors, which takes a role of not only resonant behavior but also isolation. By doing so, the proposed LLC converter has a higher power density than the traditional LLC converter due to reduction of the size of the transformer. The prototype with 120W/12V is used to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed isolated structure.
Improved Range Ambiguity Performance in Quad-Pol SAR (2011)

Conventional quadrature-polarimetric (quad-pol) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems operating from space are severely constrained by their limited range of useful incident angles and their reduced swath widths particularly at larger incidence. These limitations are due primarily to relatively severe range ambiguities in the cross-polarized measurement channels. The conventional approach for quad-pol SAR systems uses linear polarizations on both transmit and receive. Range ambiguities can be markedly reduced by adopting hybrid-polarimetric architecture. In this approach, the radar transmits circularly polarized waves but receives on orthogonal linear polarizations. The sense of the circular polarization-left or right-is reversed on alternate transmissions. Hybrid-polarimetric quad-pol architecture leads to hardware that is more readily calibrated because neither receive channel is cross polarized with respect to the transmitted polarization; hence, their mean signal levels are the same. The data provided by a hybrid-polarimetric quad-pol SAR may be transformed into the conventional linearly polarized scattering matrix, thus preserving compatibility with the rich heritage of analysis tools developed for such radars.
Ultrasonic transducer and attenuating material for use therein (1989)

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Measurement of iris color using computerized image analysis (2001)

We have developed a standardized method which appears suitable for measuring changes over time in iris color.
Reduced-redundancy product codes for burst error correction (1998)

In a typical burst error correction application of a product code of n/sub v//spl times/n/sub h/ arrays, one uses an [n/sub h/, n/sub h/-r/sub h/] code C/sub h/ that detects corrupted rows, and an [n/sub v/, n/sub v/-r/sub v/] code C/sub v/ that is applied to the columns while regarding the detected corrupted rows as erasures. Although this conventional product code scheme offers very good error protection, it contains excessive redundancy, due to the fact that the code C/sub h/ provides the code C/sub v/ with information on many error patterns that exceed the correction capability of C/sub v/. A coding scheme is proposed in which this excess redundancy is eliminated, resulting in significant savings in the overall redundancy compared to the conventional case, while offering the same error protection. The redundancy of the proposed scheme is n/sub h/r/sub v/+r/sub h/(lnr/sub v/+O(1))+r/sub v/, where the parameters r/sub h/ and r/sub v/ are close in value to their counterparts in the conventional case, which has redundancy n/sub h/r/sub v/+n/sub v/r/sub h/-r/sub h/r/sub v/. In particular, when the codes C/sub h/ and C/sub v/ have the same rate and r/sub h//spl Lt/n/sub h/, the redundancy of the proposed scheme is close to one-half of that of the conventional product code counterpart. Variants of the scheme are presented for channels that are mostly bursty, and for channels with a combination of random errors and burst errors.
<i>E. coli</i>‐expressed recombinant norovirus capsid proteins maintain authentic antigenicity and receptor binding capability (2004)

The baculovirus expression system has been widely used to produce the capsid proteins of Norovirus (NV) and the proteins form virus-like particles (VLPs) that are useful in many studies, such as immunology, diagnosis, and host-receptor interaction. We report here the application of the E. coli expression system in the production of recombinant NV capsid proteins. In a direct comparison of a previous well-characterized NV strain (VA387), we have demonstrated that the E. coli-expressed capsid proteins maintain the same antigenicity and receptor binding specificity as that of the baculovirus-expressed capsid, although the E. coli-expressed VA387 proteins did not form VLPs. Using the E. coli-expression system, we characterized the receptor-binding patterns of three additional NV strains (OIF1998, Parris Island and VA115), in which OIF1998 binds to HBGA of nonsecretors but did not bind or binds weakly to the HBGA of secretors, as seen in strain VA207. Parris Island binds to HBGA of types A and B but not type O secretors and nonsecretors. VA115 did not show specific binding to any A, B, O secretor nor nonsecretor, which is also observed when the capsid protein of this strain was expressed in baculovirus. Our data indicate that VLP formation is not required for receptor binding, and that the bacteria expression system offers a simple alternative for large production of NV capsid protein for various research purposes, particularly for strains generating low yields in the insect cells.
Effective Liveness Verification Using a Transformation-Based Framework (2014)

Liveness properties such as "will every request eventually get a grant?" are crucial to the verification of a variety of design types. Liveness properties may only be falsified by infinite-length counterexamples, represented using lasso-shaped traces with a prefix (e.g., showing a particular request) followed by a repeating suffix loop (e.g., showing no grant). A variety of techniques have been developed to solve liveness properties, including BDD-based model checkers, various bounded liveness checking methods, and liveness-to-safety conversion. Nonetheless, the verification of such properties is computationally very challenging, no single algorithm works best, and many industrialsized liveness problems remain practically unsolvable. In this paper, we detail three approaches to solve liveness properties in our verification toolset SixthSense. The first is in the context of dynamic verification, enhancing a simulation engine to support native liveness checking. The second approach is formal, using abstraction-guided liveness-to-safety conversion for greater scalability. The third approach leverages complementary transformation algorithms to enhance the scalability of liveness checking algorithms. We additionally address automated verification of liveness properties on designs with memories, which has not received significant prior research. Experiments are provided to confirm the effectiveness of our techniques.
Flexible Byzantine Fault Tolerance (2019)

This paper introduces Flexible BFT, a new approach for BFT consensus solution design revolving around two pillars, stronger resilience and diversity. The first pillar, stronger resilience, involves a new fault model called alive-but-corrupt faults. Alive-but-corrupt replicas may arbitrarily deviate from the protocol in an attempt to break safety of the protocol. However, if they cannot break safety, they will not try to prevent liveness of the protocol. Combining alive-but-corrupt faults into the model, Flexible BFT is resilient to higher corruption levels than possible in a pure Byzantine fault model. The second pillar, diversity, designs consensus solutions whose protocol transcript is used to draw different commit decisions under diverse beliefs. With this separation, the same Flexible BFT solution supports synchronous and asynchronous beliefs, as well as varying resilience threshold combinations of Byzantine and alive-but-corrupt faults. At a technical level, Flexible BFT achieves the above results using two new ideas. First, it introduces a synchronous BFT protocol in which only the commit step requires to know the network delay bound and thus replicas execute the protocol without any synchrony assumption. Second, it introduces a notion called Flexible Byzantine Quorums by dissecting the roles of different quorums in existing consensus protocols.
Individual Cylinder Air-Fuel Ratio Control with a Single EGO Sensor (1990)

An approach to achieving uniform cylinder-to-cylinder air-fuel ratio control in the face of injector mismatch and unbalanced airflow due to engine geometry is presented. A key, feature of the proposed method is that it functions well with the switching-type exhaust gas oxygen sensor commonly used in today's automobiles. The controller design from modelling to experimental implementation in a dynamometer test facility is documented.
Liquid core photonic crystal fiber sensor based on surface enhanced Raman scattering (2007)

This letter reports on a hollow core photonic crystal fiber that is modified to allow for filling of only the core with a liquid and its use for detection of surface enhanced Raman scattering from molecules in solution with silver nanoparticles. Both experimental demonstration and theoretical simulation are presented and discussed. The developed sensor is tested in the detection of rhodamine 6G, human insulin, and tryptophan with good sensitivity (10−4–10−5M) due to enhanced interaction volume.
Few-Mode Whispering-Gallery-Mode Resonators (2006)

Whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) optical resonators of a type now under development are designed to support few well-defined waveguide modes. In the simplest case, a resonator of this type would support one equatorial family of WGMs; in a more complex case, such a resonator would be made to support two, three, or some other specified finite number of modes. Such a resonator can be made of almost any transparent material commonly used in optics. The nature of the supported modes does not depend on which material is used, and the geometrical dispersion of this resonator is much smaller than that of a typical prior WGM resonator. Moreover, in principle, many such resonators could be fabricated as integral parts of a single chip. Basically, a resonator of this type consists of a rod, made of a suitable transparent material, from which protrudes a thin circumferential belt of the same material. The belt is integral with the rest of the rod (see figure) and acts as a circumferential waveguide. If the depth (d) and width (w) of the belt are made appropriately small, then the belt acts as though it were the core of a single-mode optical fiber: the belt and its adjacent supporting rod material support a single, circumferentially propagating mode or family of modes. It has been shown theoretically that the fiber-optic-like behavior of the belton- rod resonator structure can be summarized, in part, by the difference, Dn, between (1) an effective index of refraction of an imaginary fiber core and (2) the index of refraction (n) of the transparent rod/belt material. It has also been shown theoretically that for a given required value of Dn, the required depth of the belt can be estimated as d R Dn, where R is the radius of the rod. It must be emphasized that this estimated depth is independent of n and, hence, is independent of the choice of rod material. As in the cases of prior WGM resonators, input/output optical coupling involves utilization of evanescent fields. In the present case, there are two evanescent fields: one at the belt/air interface and one in the boundary region between the belt and the rest of the rod.
Abstract 2729: FGFR genetic alterations as a potential predictor of the sensitivity to CH5183284/Debio 1347, a selective FGFR inhibitor with a novel chemical scaffold (2014)

Abstract The fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) are tyrosine kinases that are constitutively activated in a subset of tumors by genetic alterations such as gene amplification, point mutation, or chromosomal translocation/rearrangement. Recently, small-molecule inhibitors that can inhibit the FGFR family as well as the VEGFR or PDGFR family showed some clinical benefits in FGFR genetically altered patient populations. However, to achieve more potent and prolonged efficacy in such populations, a selective FGFR inhibitor is still needed. Here, we report identifying CH5183284/Debio 1347, a selective and orally available FGFR1, FGFR2, and FGFR3 inhibitor that has a unique chemical scaffold as a FGFR inhibitor. By interacting with unique residues in the ATP binding site of FGFR1, FGFR2, or FGFR3, CH5183284/Debio 1347 selectively inhibits FGFR1, FGFR2, and FGFR3 (IC50: 9.3 nM, 7.6 nM, and 22 nM), but does not effectively inhibit FGFR4 (IC50: 290 nM ), KDR (IC50: 2,100 nM) or other 34 kinases. At 100 nM, CH5183284/Debio 1347 only binds to 5 kinases in the KinomeScan panel, including FGFR1, FGFR2, and FGFR3. Consistent with its high selectivity for FGFR enzymes, CH5183284/Debio 1347 does not lead to significant changes in blood pressure in telemetry-instrumented rats. In addition, CH5183284/Debio 1347 has a preferential antitumor activity against cancer cells with FGFR genetic alterations in a panel of 327 cancer cell lines. Among them, 4 cancer cell lines have copy number variations (CNV) of FGFR1 (&gt;2.2 fold), 2 cancer cell lines have chromosomal translocation of FGFR1 (FGFR1OP-FGFR1), 6 cancer cell lines have CNV of FGFR2 (&gt;2.2 fold), 3 cancer cell lines have point mutation of FGFR2 (S252W, K310R, N549K), 3 cancer cell lines have chromosomal translocation of FGFR3 (FGFR3-TACC3, FGFR3-BAIAP2L1), and 2 cancer cell lines have point mutation of FGFR3 (S249C, Y373C). This preferential efficacy against cancers harboring genetic alterations in FGFR was also confirmed in mouse xenograft studies. These findings warrant further investigation of CH5183284/Debio 1347 in patients harboring FGFR genetic alterations. Clinical studies have been initiated. Citation Format: Yoshito Nakanishi, Nukinori Akiyama, Toshiyuki Tsukaguchi, Yukako Tachibana-Kondo, Toshihiko Fujii, Kiyoaki Sakata, Hitoshi Sase, Takehito Isobe, Yasuko Sato, Kenji Morikami, Hidetoshi Shindoh, Toshiyuki Mio, Hirosato Ebiike, Naoki Taka, Yuko Aoki, Nobuya Ishii. FGFR genetic alterations as a potential predictor of the sensitivity to CH5183284/Debio 1347, a selective FGFR inhibitor with a novel chemical scaffold. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2729. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2729