gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiobjective Load Balancing for Multiband Downlink Cellular Networks: A Meta- Reinforcement Learning Approach (2022)

Load balancing has become a key technique to handle the increasing traffic demand and improve the user experience. It evenly distributes the traffic across network resources by offloading users from overloaded base stations or channels to less crowded ones. Load balancing is a multi-objective optimization problem involving the automatic adjustment of several parameters to simultaneously maximize multiple network performance indicators. However, the existing methods mostly rely on single-objective approaches which lead to sub-optimal solutions. In this paper, we introduce the first multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) framework for load balancing. Specifically, we propose a solution based on meta-reinforcement learning (meta-RL) to learn a general policy capable of quickly adapting to new trade-offs between the objectives. We further enhance the generalization of our proposed solution using policy distillation techniques. To showcase the effectiveness of our framework, experiments are conducted based on real-world traffic scenarios. Our results show that our load balancing framework can (i) significantly outperform the existing rule-based and single-objective solutions, (ii) compute better Pareto front approximations compared to MORL baselines, and (iii) quickly adapt to new objective trade-offs.
Electroporation of the E. coli and S. Aureus Membranes: Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Complex Bacterial Membranes (2011)

Bacterial membranes are complex organelles composed of a variety of lipid types. The differences in their composition are a key factor in determining their relative permeabilities. The success of antibacterial agents depends upon their interaction with bacterial membranes, yet little is known about the molecular-level interactions within membranes of different bacterial species. To address this, we have performed molecular dynamics simulations of two bacterial membranes: the outer membrane of E. coli and the cell membrane of S. aureus . We have retained the chemical complexity of the membranes by considering the details of their lipidic components. We identify the extended network of lipid-lipid interactions that stabilize the membranes. Our simulations of electroporation show that the S. aureus cell membrane is less resistant to poration than the E. coli outer membrane. The mechanisms of poration for the two membranes have subtle differences; for the E. coli outer membrane, relative differences in mobilities of the lipids of both leaflets are key in the process of poration.
Identification and Characterization of SirA, an Iron-Regulated Protein from <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (1999)

The acquisition of iron by pathogenic bacteria is often a crucial step in establishing infection. To accomplish this, many bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, produce low-molecular-weight iron-chelating siderophores. However, the secretion and transport of these molecules in gram-positive organisms are poorly understood. The sequence, organization, and regulation of genes involved in siderophore transport are conserved among gram-negative bacteria. We used this information to identify a putative siderophore transport locus from an S. aureus genomic sequence database. This locus contains three predicted open reading frames with a high degree of homology to genes involved in siderophore uptake in several bacterial species, in particular the cbr locus of the plant pathogen Erwinia chrysanthemi. The first gene in the locus, which we have designated sir for staphylococcal iron regulated, encodes a putative lipoprotein with a molecular mass of 37 kDa. The open reading frame is preceded by a 19-bp region of dyad symmetry with homology for operator sequences controlling iron-regulated expression of genes in other bacteria. Fur titration experiments indicate that this region of dyad symmetry is sufficient for Fur-dependent regulation in Escherichia coli. The expression of this gene was repressed, in a dose-dependent manner, by the addition of iron to the S. aureus culture medium. sir-encoded proteins may be involved in iron acquisition in vivo and therefore may be targets for antimicrobial agents.
Atom based RF electric field sensing (2015)

Atom-based measurements of length, time, gravity, inertial forces and electromagnetic fields are receiving increasing attention. Atoms possess properties that suggest clear advantages as self calibrating platforms for measurements of these quantities. In this review, we describe work on a new method for measuring radio frequency (RF) electric fields based on quantum interference using either Cs or Rb atoms contained in a dielectric vapor cell. Using a bright resonance prepared within an electromagnetically induced transparency window it is possible to achieve high sensitivities, <1 μV cm−1 Hz−1/2, and detect small RF electric fields μV cm−1 with a modest setup. Some of the limitations of the sensitivity are addressed in the review. The method can be used to image RF electric fields and can be adapted to measure the vector electric field amplitude. Extensions of Rydberg atom-based electrometry for frequencies up to the terahertz regime are described.
HiSMRfs: A high performance file system for shingled storage array (2014)

HiSMRfs a file system with standard POSIX interface suitable for Shingled Magnetic Recording (SMR) drives, has been designed and developed. HiSMRfs can manage raw SMR drives and support random writes without remapping layer implemented inside SMR drives. To achieve high performance, HiSMRfs separates data and metadata storage, and manages them differently. Metadata is managed using in-memory tree structures and stored in a high performance random write area such as in a SSD. Data writing is done through sequential appending style and store in a SMR drive. HiSMRfs includes a file/object-based RAID module for SMR/HDD arrays. The RAID module computes parity for individual files/objects and guarantees that data and parity writing are 100% in sequential and in full stripe. HiSMRfs is also suitable for a hybrid storage system with conventional HDDs and SSDs. Two prototype systems with HiSMRfs have been developed. The performance has been tested and compared with SMRfs and Flashcache. The experimental tests show that HiSMRfs performs 25% better than SMRfs, and 11% better than Flashcache system.
Photonics technology and the implementation into solid state phased arrays (1992)

The benefits and limitations of photonic interconnections in solid state phased arrays are discussed. Direct and indirect modulated links are analyzed with respect to SNR, intermodulation distortion, noise figure, and clutter spreading due to nonlinearities. An advanced radar architecture having a number of fiber optic links is described.
Method for producing Nb/sub 3/Sn superconductors (1983)

In a method for producing an nb3sn superconductor which comprises elongating a composite composed of a core portion of an alloy containing niobium and a matrix portion of a copper-tin alloy, a copper-tin-aluminum alloy or a copper-tin-gallium alloy and heat-treating the elongated composite to form an nb3sn layer between the core portion and the matrix portion; the improvement wherein the core portion of the composite is made of a niobiumtitanium alloy containing 0.1 to 10 atomic percent of titanium.
Potential Application of Tungsten Carbides as Electrocatalysts. 1. Decomposition of Methanol over Carbide-Modified W(111) (2001)

The decomposition of methanol over clean and carbide-modified W(111) is studied by using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS), and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). The chemistry of methanol on unmodified W(111) is predominantly complete decomposition to produce atomic carbon and H2, with slightly less than 15% of the adsorbed methanol dissociating to form CO, CH4, and H2. Once the W(111) surface is carbide-modified, however, the most dominant reaction pathway is still the complete decomposition of CH3OH at ∼55%, but with significantly more CO and CH4 desorbing as gas-phase products. If the carbide surface is further modified with oxygen, the activity toward the production of CO is further enhanced and becomes the dominant pathway, while the yield of gas-phase CH4 is slighted reduced compared to the unmodified C/W(111) surface. These results will be compared to the activity of Pt group metal surfaces to explore the potential application of using tungsten carbides as an alternative to Pt group metal electrodes in fuel cells.
Querying Knowledge Graphs by Example Entity Tuples (2015)

We witness an unprecedented proliferation of knowledge graphs that record millions of entities and their relationships. While knowledge graphs are structure-flexible and content-rich, they are difficult to use. The challenge lies in the gap between their overwhelming complexity and the limited database knowledge of non-professional users. If writing structured queries over “simple” tables is difficult, complex graphs are only harder to query. As an initial step toward improving the usability of knowledge graphs, we propose to query such data by example entity tuples, without requiring users to form complex graph queries. Our system, Graph Query By Example (GQBE), automatically discovers a weighted hidden maximum query graph based on input query tuples, to capture a user's query intent. It then efficiently finds and ranks the top approximate matching answer graphs and answer tuples. We conducted experiments and user studies on the large Freebase and DBpedia datasets and observed appealing accuracy and efficiency. Our system provides a complementary approach to the existing keyword-based methods, facilitating user-friendly graph querying. To the best of our knowledge, there was no such proposal in the past in the context of graphs.
Effect of Translational Signals on mRNA Decay in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (2003)

A 254-nucleotide model mRNA, designated deltaermC mRNA, was used to study the effects of translational signals and ribosome transit on mRNA decay in Bacillus subtilis. DeltaermC mRNA features a strong ribosome-binding site (RBS) and a 62-amino-acid-encoding open reading frame, followed by a transcription terminator structure. Inactivation of the RBS or the start codon resulted in a fourfold decrease in the mRNA half-life, demonstrating the importance of ternary complex formation for mRNA stability. Data for the decay of deltaermC mRNAs with stop codons at positions increasingly proximal to the translational start site showed that actual translation--even the formation of the first peptide bond--was not important for stability. The half-life of an untranslated 3.2-kb deltaermC-lacZ fusion RNA was similar to that of a translated deltaermC-lacZ mRNA, indicating that the translation of even a longer RNA was not required for wild-type stability. The data are consistent with a model in which ribosome binding and the formation of the ternary complex interfere with a 5'-end-dependent activity, possibly a 5'-binding endonuclease, which is required for the initiation of mRNA decay. This model is supported by the finding that increasing the distance from the 5' end to the start codon resulted in a 2.5-fold decrease in the mRNA half-life. These results underscore the importance of the 5' end to mRNA stability in B. subtilis.
A B23-interacting sequence as a tool to visualize protein interactions in a cellular context (2006)

We report the characterization of a nucleolar localization sequence (NoLS) that targets the green fluorescent protein (GFP) into the granular component (GC) of nucleoli. This NoLS interacts in vitro specifically and directly with the major nucleolar protein B23 and more precisely with the region of B23 including the two acidic stretches. The affinity of NoLS for B23 is stronger than that of the HIV-1 Rev protein in vitro. Moreover, B23-NoLS interaction also occurs in vivo. Indeed, (1) NoLS confers on the GFP the behavior of B23 throughout the cell cycle, (2) the GFP-NoLS fusion and B23 remain colocalized after drug treatments, (3) a selective delocalization of B23 from nucleoli to nucleoplasm induces a concomitent delocalization of the GFP-NoLS fusion, and (4) the fusion of NoLS to fibrillarin makes it possible to colocalize fibrillarin and B23. Interestingly, by fusing NoLS to fibrillarin, both fibrillarin and the fibrillarin partner Nop56 are mislocalized in the GC of nucleoli. Similarly, by fusing the NoLS to MafG, part of the nuclear transcription factor NF-E2 composed of both MafG and p45 NF-E2, NF-E2 is redirected from the nucleoplasm to the nucleoli. Thus, we propose that the NoLS may be used as a tool to visualize and prove protein interactions in a cellular context.
A Flexible Charge-Balanced Ratiometric Open-Loop Readout System for Capacitive Inertial Sensors (2015)

This brief presents an open-loop readout circuit for capacitive accelerometers. It combines a ratiometric approach with charge balancing for high linearity. The charge balance is implemented with a delta-sigma loop that acts as an analog-to-digital converter for a readout signal. The system avoids the low-signal-tone power levels present in current charge-balanced implementations, making it a flexible readout technique for accelerometers with varying sensitivities and dynamic ranges.
Isothermal decomposition of γ-irradiated palladium acetate (2004)

The isothermal decomposition of un-irradiated (pristine) and pre-γ-irradiated palladium acetate was studied in the temperature range (498–508 K) and in air using the isothermal thermogravimetric technique. The data were analysed using various solid state reaction models. The results showed that the kinetics of isothermal decomposition of palladium acetate was governed by random nucleation reaction (Erofe'ev equation A 3). The activation energies of the main decomposition process for un-irradiated and pre-γ-irradiated samples were calculated. The change in texture and crystal structure of the investigated palladium acetate by γ-irradiation was studied using electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques.
Preparation and characteristics of a chemically amplified silicone-based negative resist. (1993)

The characteristics of a chemically amplified silicone-based negative resist, composed of alkali-soluble silicone polymer and an acid generator, have been studied. This polymer is obtained through a sol-gel reaction of a mixture of phenyltrimethoxysilane and 2-(3, 4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyl trimethoxysilane and has numerous silanol groups that make it alkali-soluble. The resist's chemistry is based on the acid-catalyzed condensation of the silanol groups during post exposure baking. The CSNR includes silicon atoms in such abundance that it exhibits high resistance to oxygen reactive ion etching and can be used as a top imaging layer of a two-layer resist system. Using a KrF excimer laser stepper, 0.25-μm lines-and-spaces patterns can be fabricated with a two-layer resist system. The sensitivity depends on the structures of acid generators (AG's). A resist with triphenylsulfonium triflate showed the highest sensitivity in this study.
A novel zero voltage switching half bridge converter (2002)

A novel zero voltage switching half bridge power converter is presented. This power converter achieves zero voltage switching of main switches and zero current switching of a secondary diode while maintaining low voltage stress of the main switches. High efficiency power conversion is realized at high frequency switching. A prototype of a low profile 50 W DC/DC power converter is designed for an input voltage of 200-400 V and an output of 12 V. High efficiency of 87-85% and small size of 86/spl times/41/spl times/10 mm/sup 3/ are achieved at 500 kHz operation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
:<i>Problems of Authority in the Reformation Debates</i> (1994)

Preface Acknowledgements List of abbreviations Principal collections of articles and theses mentioned in the text Introduction Part I. Authority For the Truth of the Faith: 1. The authority of the text 2. Authoritative testimony 3. Authoritative proof Part II. Saving Authority: 4. Powerlessness before sin 5. Justification 6. The empowering of the will for good Part III. Authority in the Church to Reconcile: 7. The saving power of the sacraments 8. The penitential system and 'power to bind and loose' 9. The Eucharist and authority to forgive Part IV. Authority in the Visible Community: 10. Visible and invisible 11. The two swords and the political analogy 12. Making ministers 13. Higher authority Part V. The Authority of Common Sense: 14. A decision-making body 15. Decision-making in a divided Church Conclusion: the unity we seek Select bibliography Index.
Integrated Suppression of Synanthropic Cockroaches (1990)

With a growing world population and increasingly demanding consumers, the production of sufficient protein from livestock, poultry, and fish represents a serious challenge for the future. Approximately 1,900 insect species are eaten worldwide, mainly in ...Read More
Application of Vine-Shoot Chips during Winemaking and Aging of Malbec and Bonarda Wines (2021)

The growing demand in recent years for sustainable wine production has led to the management of waste and by-products. Among them, vine-shoots could be used as additives comparable to the oak fragments widely employed in enology. This work analyzes the feasibility of applying vine-shoot chips during winemaking and the aging of Malbec and Bonarda wines from Mendoza (Argentina) and evaluates their chemical and sensory impact. Toasted (CHT) and untoasted (CHWT) vine-shoot chips obtained from a Bonarda vineyard were added in Malbec and Bonarda grapes during winemaking (Experiment A): C, control; CHWT, 12 g/L; CHT, 12 g/L. Furthermore, the same treatments were applied during aging (1M, 30 days; 2M, 60 days; 4M, 120 days) to the finished wines under controlled conditions (Experiment B). The impact of vine-shoot chips during winemaking was different between varieties. For Malbec alone, CHT caused a significant decrease in tannins, anthocyanins, and polymeric pigments, and a modification of wine color. During aging, CHWT and CHT had an impact mainly at the sensory level, increasing the wine’s complexity in terms of aromatic attributes and mouthfeel. In conclusion, the proposed technology could be a simple and economical tool for red wine production of high chemical and organoleptic quality.
Pipe Network 3D Visualization Service Architecture (2008)

The visualization of pipe network has become one of the essential characteristics of urban pipe network management system. But for the distribution of related resources (e.g., data storage, modeling platform, etc.) and complex structure, the design and implementation of a pipe network visualization application is always a challenge. This contribution presents a service view in design and deployment phase to cope with the questions mentioned above, which takes separate resources as individual services and then make an integration to present Pipe network 3D visualization service architecture with those services. With this architecture, service providers will be able to assemble a pipe network 3D visualization service that serves the needs of a company (or authority) responsible for some particular underground pipe network systems. This paper presents the pipe network visualization service architecture and a developed pipe network visualization service prototype.
Monoclonal antibodies recognizing protease-generated neoepitopes from cartilage proteoglycan degradation. Application to studies of human link protein cleavage by stromelysin. (1992)

Monoclonal antibodies were raised that specifically recognize the NH2-terminal neoepitope sequence present in link protein cleavage products derived from stromelysin-degraded proteoglycan aggregate. Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, using synthetic peptides as inhibitors, showed that one of these antibodies (CH-3) required, for antibody recognition, the free NH2-terminal amino acid isoleucine (residue 17 of the intact protein) in the sequence NH2-IQAENG at the stromelysin cleavage site of link protein 3. Human proteoglycan aggregate was digested with recombinant human stromelysin, bovine chymotrypsin, bovine trypsin, and porcine elastase, and their respective link protein degradation products were tested for immunoreactivity with antibody CH-3. Only stromelysin- and chymotrypsin-generated link protein 3 were recognized by antibody CH-3. Both of these enzymes generate link protein NH2 termini with the sequence 17IQAENG. . .; hence these studies indicated that monoclonal antibody CH-3 recognized this neoepitope sequence in only specific proteolytically modified link protein molecules. Since the occurrence of link protein 3 increases with aging, the incidence of CH-3 epitope in proteoglycans isolated from human knee articular cartilage of individuals of different ages was investigated. The prevalence of CH-3 epitope was found to be highest in newborn and adolescent articular cartilage samples. However, little CH-3 epitope was detected in older adult cartilage, although considerably more link protein 3 was present in these samples. These results suggest that additional proteolytic agents are responsible for the increased occurrence of link protein degradation products with aging.
[Sclerotherapy of perforating veins. Technics, doses]. (1988)

The majority of perforating veins react to the sclerosant treatment in the same way as the neighbouring varicose veins. The sclerosant treatment is therefore carried out in the majority of cases as if they did not exist. But in 15% of essential varices, and in 21% of post-phlebitic varices, it is altogether different. The dose of the product necessary to achieve sclerosis of these haemodynamically significative perforators (H.S.P.) is going to be 30% or more above the dose necessary to achieve sclerosis of the neighbouring varicose sections. This relative sclero-resistance often tallies with the other methods of revealing an incontinent perforator.
Principles of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry (2002)

The use of thermal and calorimetric methods has shown rapid growth over the last two decades, in an increasingly wide range of applications. In addition, a number of powerful new techniques have been developed. This book supplies a concise and readable account of the principles, experimental apparatus and practical procedures used in thermal analysis and calorimetric methods of analysis. Brief accounts of the basic theory are reinforced with detailed applications of the methods and contemporary developments. Also included is information on standard test methods and manufacturers. Written by acknowledged experts, Principles of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry is up-to-date, wide-ranging and practical. It will be an important source of information for many levels of readership in a variety of areas, from students and lecturers through to industrial and laboratory staff and consultants.
Biobased Epoxy Nanocomposites Derived from Lignin-Based Monomers (2015)

Biobased epoxy nanocomposites were synthesized based on 2-methoxy-4-propylphenol (dihydroeugenol, DHE), a molecule that has been obtained from the lignin component of biomass. To increase the content of hydroxyl groups, DHE was o-demethylated using aqueous HBr to yield propylcatechol (DHEO), which was subsequently glycidylated to epoxy monomer. Optimal conditions in terms of yield and epoxy equivalent weight were found to be 60 °C with equal NaOH/phenolic hydroxyl molar ratio. The structural evolution from DHE to cured epoxy was followed by (1)H NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The nano-montmorillonite modified DHEO epoxy exhibited improved storage modulus and thermal stability as determined from dynamic mechanical analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. This study widens the synthesis routes of biobased epoxy thermosets from lignin-based molecules.