gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design Method and Lifecycle Management for Cloud-Compliant Web Services (2013)

Cloud services have provided application interfaces consisting of software programs and hardware resources through the net. The cloud services have created a trend in the industry - making ownership of software and hardware products for their system unnecessary. Accordingly, web services are developed through combining these interfaces leased from the cloud. However, this trend has also highlighted the gaps between design and operation. The permeation of virtualization technologies for servers and storages require developers to focus on resources as they become design choices. Likewise, operators are required to have concern over application components as the cloud service interfaces enable rapid prototyping and staging of web applications. However, both parties are not able to combine the application logic and resources as each is supervised by the other party. To address this issue, this paper focuses on resource modeling. This approach enables separation and integration of both application logic and resources in design, test, and operation phases, and it is carried out as follows. The first method enables reasonable requirement definitions while run-time resources in the cloud are referred and adapted to fit. The second one streamlines architectural design of both software and virtualized resources comprehensively, in accordance with Axiomatic Design, DSM and Design-for-X. The third enables independent test of functionality of applications and non-functional requirements, e.g. security and performance, by separating logic and resources of the target web service. The last method enables run-time resource management by determining non-functional requirements. These methods are verified through a prototype, making management of the service lifecycle easier.
A novel route for in-situ H2O2 generation from selective reduction of O2 by hydrazine using heterogeneous Pd catalyst in an aqueous medium (2005)

Hydrogen peroxide in high yields can be generated with high efficiency at mild conditions (25 degrees C and atmospheric pressure) with the formation of only environment-friendly by-products (N2 and H2O) by a reduction of O2 by hydrazine from its hydrate/salt with its complete conversion in a short reaction period (<or=0.5 h) using a easily separable supported Pd catalyst (Pd/Al2O3, Pd/Ga2O3 or Pd/C) in an acidic aqueous medium in the presence of bromide anions; the presence of both acid (protons) and bromide anions is essential for the selective reduction of O2 by hydrazine to H2O2 and in their absence, the reaction leads only to the formation of water.
A Novel Chiral Lead(II) Catalyst for Enantioselective Aldol Reactions in Aqueous Media (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTA Novel Chiral Lead(II) Catalyst for Enantioselective Aldol Reactions in Aqueous MediaSatoshi Nagayama and Shū KobayashiView Author Information Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Tokyo, CREST Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST) Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 46, 11531–11532Publication Date (Web):November 4, 2000Publication History Received10 April 2000Published online4 November 2000Published inissue 22 November 2000https://doi.org/10.1021/ja001234lCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1441Altmetric-Citations88LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (43 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aldol reactions,Catalysts,Ethers,Macrocyclic compounds,Metals Get e-Alerts
Hybrid ARQ for turbo coded modulation with mixed combining (2009)

In this paper, we consider the hybrid automatic retransmission request (ARQ) for turbo coded systems with QAM modulations through block fading channels and the rates are different among (re)transmission blocks. Due to coexistence of incremental redundancy (IR) and repetition, both Chase combining (CC) and IR code combining are employed at the receiver. Based on the bucket-filling analysis for the hybrid ARQ process with mixed IR and repetitions, we obtain the error rates by applying the union-Bhattacharyya (UB) bound for parallel channels. We then form the throughput optimization of hybrid ARQ with mixed combining and obtain the optimal assignment rates and modulation set. The results show that the mixed combining performs better than non-adaptive IR and Chase combining based hybrid ARQ schemes.
Specificity of Replicase-Mediated Resistance to Cucumber Mosaic Virus (1994)

Plants transformed with a nucleotide sequence coding for a truncated RNA 2 replicase gene of the subgroup I strain of cucumber mosaic virus, Fny-CMV, are resistant to cucumber mosaic disease. Two resistant lines representing independent transformations in the original study have been propagated, and their progeny have been examined. Resistance to Fny-CMV was genetically integrated and was retained in the R4 generation. Fourteen subgroup I CMV strains, 6 strains uncharacterized as to subgroup, and 4 subgroup II CMV strains, as well as potato virus X, tobacco mosaic virus, tomato aspermy virus, tobacco etch virus, and peanut stunt virus were inoculated mechanically to R2 generation plants of these two lines. Resistance was found to 12 subgroup I CMV strains and to all of the subgroup-uncharacterized strains. No resistance was found to subgroup II CMV strains nor to the other viruses listed above. However, the two plant lines behaved differently in response to 3 subgroup I strains, K-CMV, PRC-CMV, and MB-CMV, where one line (5) was more resistant than the other (2). RNase protection analyses indicated that these 3 strains vary more in sequence from Fny-CMV than do the other subgroup I strains tested. Resistance was also shown when aphids were used to inoculate plants with either of 2 subgroup I CMV strains; no resistance was observed when aphids were used to transmit a subgroup II CMV strain. Inoculation of transgenic plants with pseudorecombinants produced with the RNAs derived from Fny-CMV to which the plants are resistant, and LS-CMV, a subgroup II strain to which they are susceptible, indicated that the resistance-breaking capacity of LS-CMV is a function of RNA 2.
Dissolution process for ZrO.sub.2 -UO.sub.2 -CaO fuels (1976)

The present invention provides an improved dissolution process for ZrO<sub>2</sub> -UO<sub>2</sub> -CaO-type pressurized water reactor fuels. The zirconium cladding is dissolved with hydrofluoric acid, immersing the ZrO<sub>2</sub> -UO<sub>2</sub> -CaO fuel wafers in the resulting zirconium-dissolver-product in the dissolver vessel, and nitric acid is added to the dissolver vessel to facilitate dissolution of the uranium from the ZrO<sub>2</sub> -UO<sub>2</sub> -CaO fuel wafers.
Isolation and characterization of Flavobacterium strains that degrade pentachlorophenol (1985)

Bacteria able to mineralize 100 to 200 ppm of pentachlorophenol (PCP) were isolated by selective enrichment from PCP-contaminated soils from three geographic areas of Minnesota. Although differing somewhat in their responses to various biochemical and biophysical tests, all strains were assigned to the genus Flavobacterium. Five representative strains were examined in detail. All strains metabolized PCP as a sole source of carbon and energy; 73 to 83% of all carbon in the form of [U-14C]PCP was returned as 14CO2, with full liberation of chlorine as chloride. A comparison between strains in their ability to metabolize PCP showed some strains to be more efficient than others. Guanine-plus-cytosine contents of DNA ranged from 58.8 to 63.8%, and DNA/DNA hybridization studies with total DNA digests suggested substantial genetic homology between strains. All strains were shown to possess an 80- to 100-kilobase plasmid, and evidence suggested the presence of a larger plasmid (greater than 200 kilobases).
Sensitivity of an Advanced Compton Telescope (2003)

The Advanced Compton Telescope (ACT) should provide well over an order-of-magnitude improvement in sensitivity compared to other previous or planned instruments in low-energy gamma-ray astronomy. This will be needed in the study of the nuclear line/MeV region of the gamma-ray spectrum. Such an instrument covers a broad range of science objectives, ranging from the study the <sup>56</sup>Ni light curves of supernovae and provide measurements of supernova dynamics, to <sup>26</sup>Al, <sup>22</sup>Na, and <sup>60</sup>Fe maps of the galaxy, and the first gamma-ray polarization observations probing the geometry of the emission regions of a variety of objects such as AGN, pulsars, and gamma ray bursts. These objectives depend critically on the sensitivity that can be achieved. We present a study of the sensitivity that can be achieved by the ACT, considering estimates of backgrounds, position resolution, energy resolution, Doppler broadening, and recoil electron tracking. Efficiency questions are considered that arise from passive materials within the active volume and track reconstruction. A sensitivity estimate for ACT is presented for a reasonable instrument size and configuration.
Generalized high-temperature synthesis of zeolite catalysts with unpredictably high space-time yields (STYs) (2017)

High quality zeolite catalysts are efficiently synthesized by fast crystallization at higher temperatures under solvent-free conditions.
Transfection-mediated recombination of influenza A virus (1992)

Several mechanisms, including a high mutation rate and reassortment of genes, have been found to be responsible for the variability of influenza A viruses. RNA recombination would be another mechanism leading to genetic variation; however, recombination has only rarely been reported to occur in influenza viruses. During ribonucleoprotein transfection experiments designed to generate viable influenza viruses from in vitro-synthesized RNA, we discovered several viruses which must have originated from recombination events. The ribonucleoprotein transfection system may enhance the formation of viruses which result from jumping of the viral polymerase between RNAs or from ligation of different viral RNAs. Five different recombinant viruses are described. Two of these, REC1 and REC2, contain a neuraminidase (NA) gene whose defective polyadenylation signal has been repaired via intergenic recombination; 124 and 95 nucleotides have been added, respectively. Another virus, REC5, must have originated by multiple recombination events since it contains a mosaic gene with sequences derived from the NA gene of influenza A/WSN/33 virus and the matrix, polymerase protein PB1, and NA genes of influenza A/PR/8/34 virus.
Influence of polar distribution on piezoelectric response of aluminum nitride thin films (2008)

The authors have investigated the influence of the crystal orientation and the polar distribution on the piezoelectric response of aluminum nitride (AlN) thin films prepared on Si, Mo∕Si, and Mo∕AlN-interlayer (IL)/Si substrates with increasing sputtering power. The crystal orientation of films prepared on Si improves with increasing sputtering power. On the other hand, the crystal orientation of films prepared on Mo∕Si and Mo∕AlN-IL∕Si hardly changes. However, the piezoelectric response of all the films drastically changes from negative to positive values and the predominant polarity changes from N polarity to Al polarity. We found the proportional relationship between the polar distribution and piezoelectric response.
Evaluation of bond quality and heat transfer of Cu-based microchannel heat exchange devices (2008)

Metal-based microchannel heat exchangers (MHEs) promise high heat transfer coefficients together with mechanical robustness, and are of interest for a wide range of applications. Fabrication technologies capable of creating high-aspect-ratio microscale structures in metals such as Cu at low cost and high throughput are of particular interest. Likewise, simple and reliable bonding and assembly techniques are critical for building functional metal-based microfluidic devices. In this article, the authors report successful fabrication, bonding, and assembly of Cu-based MHE prototypes. Bonding of Cu specimens was achieved through Al thin foil intermediate layers. Quantitative evaluation of bond strengths was carried out as a function of various bonding parameters. Results of preliminary heat transfer testing carried out on assembled Cu-based MHE prototypes are reported.
Fluorescent Probes for Pd<sup>2+</sup> Detection by Allylidene–Hydrazone Ligands with Excellent Selectivity and Large Fluorescence Enhancement (2010)

Abstract Because palladium is widely used in various catalysts and converters, which results in a high level of contamination of water systems and the soil by residual palladium, there is an urgent need for Pd 2+ ‐sensitive and ‐selective probes. Based on the special affinity of Pd 2+ to conjugated double‐bond ligands, two fluorescence probes ( RPd2 and RPd3 ) that contain conjugated allylidene‐hydrazone ligands that link to colorless rhodamine‐spirolactam have been developed. The results show that conjugated allylidene‐hydrazones have a much better affinity toward Pd 2+ , and consequently provide the probes with more acute color change and fluorescence enhancement (≈170‐fold), and better selectivity over other metal ions (especially platinum‐group elements, or PGEs) than the unconjugated allyl‐hydrazine. With richer electron density and a more suitable stereo effect in the allylidene‐hydrazone group, RPd2 displays the best specificity toward Pd 2+ and affords convenient detection by the naked eye. Its potential application for Pd 2+ ‐contaminated water and soil‐sample analysis is revealed by proof‐of‐concept experiments.
Systemic CD4 immunity: A powerful clinical biomarker for PD‐L1/PD‐1 immunotherapy (2020)

The search for non-invasive systemic biomarkers of response to PD-L1/PD-1 blockade immunotherapy is currently a priority in oncoimmunology. In contrast to classical tumor biomarkers, the identification of clinically useful immunological biomarkers is certainly a challenge, as anti-cancer immune responses depend on the coordinated action of many cell types. Studies on the dynamics of systemic CD8 T-cell populations have provided indications that such biomarkers may have a place in clinical practice. However, the power of CD8 T-cell subsets to discriminate clinical responses in immunotherapy has so far proven to be limited. The systemic evaluation of CD8 T-cell regulators such as myeloid cells and CD4 T cells may provide the solution. Here we discuss the value of systemic quantification of CD4 T-cell subsets for patient selection in light of the results obtained by Prof. Kagamu's and our team. Our studies have independently demonstrated that the evaluation of the pre-treatment status of systemic CD4 immunity is a critical factor for the clinical outcome of PD-L1/PD-1 blockade therapy with robust predictive capacities.
Differential mobility spectrometry/mass spectrometry history, theory, design optimization, simulations, and applications (2015)

This review of differential mobility spectrometry focuses primarily on mass spectrometry coupling, starting with the history of the development of this technique in the Soviet Union. Fundamental principles of the separation process are covered, in addition to efforts related to design optimization and advancements in computer simulations. The flexibility of differential mobility spectrometry design features is explored in detail, particularly with regards to separation capability, speed, and ion transmission. 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 35:687-737, 2016.
Superconducting Quantum Arrays (2014)

Superconducting Quantum Arrays (SQAs) based on integration of quantum cells each consisting of two Josephson-junction parallel arrays [Differential Quantum Cell (DQC)] are analyzed for applications in broadband radio frequency systems. These SQAs are capable of providing highly linear magnetic signal to voltage transfer with high dynamic range. Both detail study of the quantum cells with realistic parameters and analysis of their characteristics, including voltage response linearity, are presented and discussed. A prototype of an active electrically small antenna is implemented based on an SQA containing 560 DQCs. We demonstrated the SQA voltage response swing as high as ~ 100 mV at a transfer factor of ~ 6.5 mV/μT.
Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome: A Clinical Description of 17 Patients with a Newly Recognized Disease (1994)

Infection with a newly described hantavirus causes the hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, which is characterized by a brief prodromal illness followed by rapidly progressive, noncardiogenic pulmonary edema.
Select-free instruction scheduling logic (2005)

Pipelining allows processors to exploit parallelism. Unfortunately, critical loops-pieces of logic that must evaluate in a single cycle to meet IPC (Instructions Per Cycle) goals-prevent deeper pipelining. In today's processors, one of these loops is the instruction scheduling (wakeup and select) logic [10]. This paper describes a technique that pipelines this loop by breaking it into two smaller loops: a critical, single-cycle loop for wakeup; and a noncritical, potentially multi-cycle, loop for select. For the 12 SPECint*2000 benchmarks, a machine with two-cycle select logic (i.e., three-cycle scheduling logic) using this technique has an average IPC 15% greater than a machine with three-cycle pipelined conventional scheduling logic, and an IPC within 3% of a machine of the same pipeline depth and one-cycle (ideal) scheduling logic. Since select accounts for more than half the scheduling latency [10], this technique could significantly increase clock frequency while having minimal impact on IPC.
Improved vapor-growth technique for III-V compound lasers (1980)

Vapor Growth technical of multilayered semiconductor devices based on elements in groups 3, 4, and 5 such as transmission photo cathodes and heterojunction lasers, reduces thermal decomposition and improves performance. In addition technique allows fabrication of GaP/GaAsP/InGaP, visable CW lasers through reduction of thermal decomposition.
Efficient bit-rate scalability for weighted squared error optimization in audio coding (2006)

We propose two quantization techniques for improving the bit-rate scalability of compression systems that optimize a weighted squared error (WSE) distortion metric. We show that quantization of the base-layer reconstruction error using entropy-coded scalar quantizers is suboptimal for the WSE metric. By considering the compandor representation of the quantizer, we demonstrate that asymptotic (high resolution) optimal scalability in the operational rate-distortion sense is achievable by quantizing the reconstruction error in the compandor's companded domain. We then fundamentally extend this work to the low-rate case by the use of enhancement-layer quantization which is conditional on the base-layer information. In the practically important case that the source is well modeled as a Laplacian process, we show that such conditional coding is implementable by only two distinct switchable quantizers. Conditional coding leads to substantial improvement over the companded scalable quantization scheme introduced in the first part, which itself significantly outperforms standard techniques. Simulation results are presented for synthetic memoryless Laplacian sources with mu-law companding, and for real-world audio signals in conjunction with MPEG AAC. Using the objective noise-mask ratio (NMR) metric, the proposed approaches were found to result in bit-rate savings of a factor of 2 to 3 when implemented within the scalable MPEG AAC. Moreover, the four-layer scalable coder consisting of 16-kb/s layers achieves performance close to that of the 64-kb/s nonscalable coder on the standard test database of 44.1-kHz audio
Use of the Rad51 promoter for targeted anti-cancer therapy (2008)

Rad51 protein, involved in homologous recombination, is overexpressed in a variety of tumors, and its expression is correlated with a poor prognosis. Here we propose to exploit the overexpression of Rad51 in cancer cells to design a Rad51 promoter-based anticancer therapy. On average, Rad51 mRNA and protein levels are increased in cancer cells four- and sixfold, respectively. Serendipitously, we discovered that when the Rad51 ORF is replaced with another ORF, the difference in promoter activity between normal and cancer cells increases to an average of 840-fold with a maximum difference of 12,500-fold. This dramatic difference in activity has high therapeutic potential. We demonstrate that the fusion of Rad51 promoter to diphtheria toxin A (DTA) gene kills a variety of cancer cell types, including breast cancer, fibrosarcoma, and cervical cancer cells, with minimal effect on normal breast epithelial cells and normal fibroblasts. Our results suggest that therapies based on the Rad51 promoter will be highly tumor specific and open new avenues for targeting a broad range of cancers.
Organization and chromosomal localization of the human platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor gene. (1991)

Human platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (hPD-ECGF) is a novel angiogenic factor which stimulates endothelial cell growth in vitro and promotes angiogenesis in vivo. We report here the cloning and sequencing of the gene for hPD-ECGF and its flanking regions. This gene is composed of 10 exons dispersed over a 4.3-kb region. Its promoter lacks a TATA box and a CCAAT box, structures characteristic of eukaryotic promoters. Instead, six copies of potential Sp1-binding sites (GGGCGG or CCGCCC) were clustered just upstream of the transcription start sites. Southern blot analysis using genomic DNAs from several vertebrates suggested that the gene for PD-ECGF is conserved phylogenetically among vertebrates. The gene for hPD-ECGF was localized to chromosome 22 by analysis of a panel of human-rodent somatic cell hybrid lines.
Luminescent ceramics for LED conversion (2011)

Many LED-based applications would benefit from more efficient and/or high lumen output devices that enable usage in both white and single color illumination schemes. In the present article we briefly review the materials research history leading to optical ceramic converters and discuss their typical characteristics. Recently demonstrated high performance values in terms of efficacy and external quantum efficiency in orange (amber) spectral region are described.
Development of Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn Superconducting Wires for High-field Magnets (2004)

Research and development activities and some recent results related to Nb3Sn superconducting wires produced by Kobe Steel, Ltd. and Japan Superconductor Technology Inc. (JASTEC) are introduced. An outline of the activities is described from a historical point of view. Improvements in the characteristics (i.e., critical current density (Jc), n-value and mechanical properties) of bronze-processed Nb3Sn wires are reviewed. Finally, the status of development for the Ta-Sn powder-in-tube (TS-PIT) process newly proposed by Tachikawa is described.