gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anti-CD3 Antibody-Induced Activated Killer Cells Subsets of Killer Cells that Mediate Fast or Slow Lytic Reactions (1990)

The present study has characterized two sets of alpha CD3-induced activated killer cells (CD3-AK). A 2 to 4-h 51Cr release assay or triton-treated 125IUdR release assay demonstrated that CD3-AK cultured in the continuous presence of alpha CD3 (CD3-AK+) mediated fast lysis. A 20-h 51Cr or 125I-deoxyuridine release assay demonstrated that CD3-AK cultured in the absence of alpha CD3 (CD3-AK-) mediated slow lysis. Activating the TCR-CD3 complex of CD3-AK- cells with alpha CD3 for 2 h enabled the killer cells to mediate fast lysis. The activation process was inhibited by H-7, a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor. Conversely, removal of alpha CD3 from CD3-AK+ cell cultures for 24 h resulted in almost complete loss of the ability of CD3-AK+ cells to mediate fast lysis, but they still retained the ability to mediate slow lysis. It appeared that constant perturbation of CD3 by alpha CD3 maintained the CD3-AK+ cells in an active state, and thus, they were able to mediate fast lysis. On the other hand, activation by a 2-h incubation with PMA could convert the noncytolytic CD3-AK- cells to be cytolytic in slow lysis and to augment the slow lytic reactions mediated by CD3-AK- cell with low cytolytic activity. These results were confirmed by triton-treated 125IUdR release assay which could detect early DNA-release. Thus it appeared that activation of CD3-AK cells with T cell activation signals that bypassed TCR (such as PMA) could induce slow lysis. In the effector phase of lytic reactions, the fast lytic reaction was relatively resistant to inhibition by H-7, whereas the slow lytic reaction was susceptible to H-7 inhibition, indicating that fast lysis was PKC independent and slow lysis was PKC dependent. It was further found that H-7 inhibition was at an early stage of slow lysis, suggesting that a PKC dependent activation process preceded the PKC independent lytic process. These findings indicated that the CD3-AK- cells were in a less activated state which required further activation to turn on their lytic machinery to initiate the lytic reaction.
Seismic data interpolation using plane-wave shaping regularization (2015)

Summary The problem with interpolating insufficient, irregularly sampled data is that there exist infinitely many solutions. When solving ill-posed inverse problems in geophysics, we apply regularization to constrain the model space in some way. We propose to use plane-wave shaping in iterative regularization schemes. By shaping locally planar events to the local slope, we effectively interpolate in the structure-oriented direction and preserve the most geologic dip information. In our experiments, this type of interpolation converges in fewer iterations than alternative techniques. The proposed plane-wave shaping mave have potential applications in seismic tomography and well-log interpolation.
Apolipoprotein E and Apolipoprotein E Receptors: Normal Biology and Roles in Alzheimer Disease (2012)

Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype is the major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD); the ε4 allele increases risk and the ε2 allele is protective. In the central nervous system (CNS), apoE is produced by glial cells, is present in high-density-like lipoproteins, interacts with several receptors that are members of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) family, and is a protein that binds to the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide. There are a variety of mechanisms by which apoE isoform may influence risk for AD. There is substantial evidence that differential effects of apoE isoform on AD risk are influenced by the ability of apoE to affect Aβ aggregation and clearance in the brain. Other mechanisms are also likely to play a role in the ability of apoE to influence CNS function as well as AD, including effects on synaptic plasticity, cell signaling, lipid transport and metabolism, and neuroinflammation. ApoE receptors, including LDLRs, Apoer2, very low-density lipoprotein receptors (VLDLRs), and lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) appear to influence both the CNS effects of apoE as well as Aβ metabolism and toxicity. Therapeutic strategies based on apoE and apoE receptors may include influencing apoE/Aβ interactions, apoE structure, apoE lipidation, LDLR receptor family member function, and signaling. Understanding the normal and disease-related biology connecting apoE, apoE receptors, and AD is likely to provide novel insights into AD pathogenesis and treatment.
Creation of Engineered Cardiac Tissue In Vitro From Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells (2006)

ES cells can be used as a source of seed cells for cardiac tissue engineering. Additional work remains to demonstrate engraftment of the engineered heart tissue in the case of cardiac defects and its functional integrity within the host's remaining healthy cardiac tissue.
A Monoclonal Antibody Against the Extracellular Domain of P75 Neurotrophin Receptor (2013)

The aim of this study was to prepare and identify a monoclonal antibody against the extracellular domain of p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR-ECD), which will be used in diagnostics, therapeutics, and as a tool in understanding the role of P75NTR in pathogenesis of neuronal degenerative diseases and cancers. In this study, hybridoma technique was used for production of anti-p75NTR-ECD monoclonal antibody. BALB/c mice were immunized with p75NTR-ECD recombinant protein. Hybridoma clones were screened using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Anti-p75NTR-ECD monoclonal antibody was produced by ascites revulsion. Protein A affinity chromatography was used for the purification of anti-p75NTR-ECD monoclonal antibody. Titer of anti-p75NTR-ECD was assessed by ELISA. Specificity of anti-p75NTR-ECD was detected by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. As a result, one stable hybridoma cell clone (3B5F9) producing anti-p75NTR-ECD monoclonal antibody was established. The titer of anti-p75NTR-ECD monoclonal antibody is 1:51200. A 2.91 mg monoclonal antibody against p75NTR-ECD with high specificity was prepared. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry showed that p75NTR-ECD positive staining occurs in the plasma membrane of glioma cell and tissue, which results in an advantage in diagnostic and therapeutic targeting of P75NTR expressing neuronal degenerative diseases and cancers.
Rhodococcus opacus expresses the xsc gene to utilize taurine as a carbon source or as a nitrogen source but not as a sulfur source (2004)

The Gram-positive bacteria Rhodococcus opacus ISO-5 and Rhodococcus sp. RHA1 utilized taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonate) as the sole source of carbon or of nitrogen or of sulfur for growth. Different gene clusters and enzymes were active under these different metabolic situations. Under carbon- or nitrogen-limited conditions three enzymes were induced, though to different levels: taurine-pyruvate aminotransferase (Tpa), alanine dehydrogenase (Ald) and sulfoacetaldehyde acetyltransferase (Xsc). The specific activities of these enzymes in R. opacus ISO-5 were sufficient to explain the growth rates under the different conditions. These three enzymes were purified and characterized, and the nature of each reaction was confirmed. Analyses of the genome of Rhodococcus sp. RHA1 revealed a gene cluster, tauR-ald-tpa, putatively encoding regulation and oxidation of taurine, located 20 kbp from the xsc gene and separate from two candidate phosphotransacetylase (pta) genes, as well as many candidate ABC transporters (tauBC). PCR primers allowed the amplification and sequencing of the tauR-ald-tpa gene cluster and the xsc gene in R. opacus ISO-5. The N-terminal sequences of the three tested proteins matched the derived amino acid sequences of the corresponding genes. The sequences of the four genes found in each Rhodococcus strain shared high degrees of identity (>95 % identical positions). RT-PCR studies proved transcription of the xsc gene when taurine was the source of carbon or of nitrogen. Under sulfur-limited conditions no xsc mRNA was generated and no Xsc was detected. Taurine dioxygenase (TauD), the enzyme catalysing the anticipated desulfonative reaction when taurine sulfur is assimilated, was presumed to be present because oxygen-dependent taurine disappearance was demonstrated with taurine-grown cells only. A putative tauD gene (with three other candidates) was detected in strain ISO-5. Regulation of the different forms of metabolism of taurine remains to be elucidated.
Experimental Study on Carbonization Reaction of Brine Purification with "Lime-Flue Gas" Process (2010)

According to the removal of the main impurity ion such as calcium and magnesium of brine purification,we took the lime-flue gas process.This method just used cheaper and easier gaining lime and industrial boiler flue gas.It can not only greatly reduce the production costs greatly,but reduce the emission of industrial gas and protect the environment.The experiment mainly did the intensive research on elimination of Calcium ion.
Imaging Modalities for Assessment of Treatment Response to Nonsurgical Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy: Contrast-Enhanced US, CT, and MRI (2015)

Tumor response and time to progression have been considered pivotal for surrogate assessment of treatment efficacy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recent advancements in imaging modalities such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are playing an important role in assessing the therapeutic effects of HCC treatments. According to some HCC clinical guidelines, post-therapeutic evaluation of HCC patients is based exclusively on contrast-enhanced dynamic imaging criteria. The recommended techniques are contrast-enhanced CT or contrast-enhanced MRI. Contrast-enhanced US is employed more in the positive diagnosis of HCC than in post-therapeutic monitoring. Although contrast enhancement is an important finding on imaging, enhancement does not necessarily depict the same phenomenon across modalities. We need to become well acquainted with the characteristics of each modality, including not only contrast-enhanced CT and MRI but also contrast-enhanced US. Many nonsurgical treatment options are now available for unresectable HCC, and accurate assessment of tumor response is essential to achieve favorable outcomes. For the assessment of successful radiofrequency ablation (RFA), the achievement of a sufficient ablation margin as well the absence of tumor vascular enhancement is essential. To evaluate the response to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), enhanced tumor shrinkage is relied on as a measure of antitumor activity. Here, we give an overview of the current status of imaging assessment of HCC response to nonsurgical treatments including RFA and TACE.
Opportunistic wireless Network Coding based on small-time scale Traffic Prediction (2015)

Focusing on the weakness of the traditional network coding, such as latency and high packet loss rate, this paper presents an approach ONTP (Opportunistic Network Coding based on Traffic Prediction), which is based on ARMA (Autoregressive-Moving Average) algorithm. The algorithm is trying to predict the next packet's arriving time, and then use it to determine whether waiting for network coding opportunity. Results show that the algorithm improves the throughput, and effectively reduces network latency, achieves a balance between coding efficiency and user experience.
Fibroblasts, Mononuclear Phagocytes, and Endothelial Cells Express Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein‐1 (MCP‐1) in Inflamed Human Gingiva (1995)

Gingival inflammation is initiated by bacterial colonization of the tooth surface. It is characterized by infiltration of mononuclear cells, a feature of many forms of chronic inflammation. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is the predominant monocyte chemoattractant secreted by a variety of cells in vitro. We examined MCP-1 expression in chronic gingival inflammation by double antibody immunohistochemistry that utilized rabbit anti-MCP-1 antibody simultaneously with mouse monoclonal antibodies to specific cellular markers. MCP-1 mRNA expression by fibroblasts in inflamed gingival tissues was examined by in situ hybridization. We report here that in human chronic gingival inflammation the principal cell type expressing MCP-1 in dense inflammatory infiltrates is the mononuclear phagocyte. The cells expressing MCP-1 in moderately inflamed areas and in adjacent areas to inflammatory infiltrates are mononuclear phagocytes and fibroblasts, while in areas of fibroblastic hyperplasia, MCP-1 positive cells are predominantly fibroblasts. We also demonstrate that in moderately and highly inflamed areas, the extent of MCP-1 expression is greater than that in adjacent normal/mildly inflamed areas. As the degree of inflammation increased, there is also a concomitant increase in the number of mononuclear phagocytes. Furthermore, it is apparent that most of the infiltrating monocytes/macrophages are positive for MCP-1 in vivo. Our finding that MCP-1 expression is unambiguously identified in fibroblasts suggests that they can play a role in host defense by initiating the recruitment of monocytes. In addition, the expression of chemokines such as MCP-1 may represent a mechanism for amplification of inflammatory signals in gingival inflammation.
Consideration on Rural Boarding Project in Guizhou Province (2009)

Operation status of rural boarding school construction in Guizhou Province in China is introduced and its implementation status is comprehensively evaluated. Problems in the implementation of relevant policies of boarding project are put forward, including incomplete overall planning, impetuous implementation of polices in some regions and unfair allocation of accommodation subsidies. Difficulties in the development of rural boarding school are discussed, such as liability management of school, poor teaching force, lack of professional manager and special funds, prominent difficulties in board and lodging, problems of safety management and health care, heavy financial burden on the family, lack of mental health education, infrastructure failing to meet the development needs of school, and backward education consciousness of parents in poverty areas. Based on this, advantages and disadvantages of rural boarding project are analyzed from three aspects of government, school, and the student and parent. Then, relevant countermeasures are put forward to construct and develop rural boarding school according to the actual situation of Guizhou Province, such as strengthening policy support, improving education consciousness of parents, developing human resources in new school, and paying attention to the effects of local culture on school.
Transformation Mechanism of Fluormica to Fluoramphibole in Fluoramphibole Glass Ceramics (2016)

During isothermal sintering at 820°C, the transformation mechanism of fluormica to fluoramphibole in powder compacts of fluormica and soda-lime glass was investigated using differential thermal analysis, infrared reflection spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and so forth. Results show that an interaction between fluormica and glass occurred during isothermal heating; O 2− , Na + , and Ca 2+ ions were diffused from glass to fluormica. This diffusion facilitates the transformation of the sheet structures of fluormica crystals to double-chain structures by the breakage of bridge oxygen bonds in the sheet. Subsequently, the broken two parallel double chains were rearranged by relative displacement along the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>c</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>-axis direction of the fluormica crystal and were linked by Na + and Ca 2+ ions to form fluoramphibole. A crystallography model of fluormica-fluoramphibole transformation was established in this study.
Association between <i>ACYP2</i> polymorphisms and the risk of renal cell cancer (2019)

In summary, the results suggested that ACYP2 polymorphisms could be used as a genetic marker for RCC. Additional functional and association studies are required to validate our results.
Constitutive activation of oncogenic PDGFRα-mutant proteins occurring in GIST patients induces receptor mislocalisation and alters PDGFRα signalling characteristics (2015)

We show that the overall oncogenic response is the result of different signatures emanating from different cellular compartments. Furthermore, STAT mediated responses are an integral part of mutated PDGFRα signalling.
Treatment of refractory hemodialysis ascites with maintenance peritoneal dialysis. (1981)

In 5 patients who were receiving maintenance hemodialysis, ascites developed that was refractory to treatment by ultrafiltration during hemodialysis. Use of sequential isolated ultrafiltration and hemodialysis therapy either precipitated side effects or else required prolongation of total treatment time which the patients declined to accept. In 4 of the patients, ascites was believed to be primarily responsible for severe, progressive cachexia. Maintenance peritoneal dialysis was instituted in all patients, and abdominal fluid was removed gradually, over a period of 2 to 3 days. Ascites resolved promptly in each case. Three patients noted a dramatic improvement in appetite after relief of abdominal distension. Follow-up periods ranged from 6 to 4 1/2 years. Our results suggest that maintenance peritoneal dialysis can successfully control hemodialysis ascites.
Phosphorus pentoxide in organic synthesis. XX. Synthesis of <i>N</i>‐aryl‐7<i>H</i>‐pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐4‐amines (1985)

Abstract N ‐Aryl‐7 H ‐pyrrolo[2,3‐ d ]pyrimidine‐4‐amines 7 were prepared in 30‐67% yields by treating N7‐(1‐phenyl‐ethyl)pyrrolo[2,3‐ d ]pyrimidin‐4(3 H )‐ones 2 with a mixture of phosphorus pentoxide, triethylamine hydrochloride, and an appropriate arylamine hydrochloride at 240° for 3‐7 hours.
Prostate Cancer Gene (2006)

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PD‐1 and PD‐L1 upregulation promotes CD8<sup>+</sup> T‐cell apoptosis and postoperative recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma patients (2010)

Programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) play pivotal roles in regulating host immune responses. However, the inhibitory effects of this pathway on the function of cytotoxic CD8(+) T lymphocytes, the main effector cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, are not well defined. In this study, we characterized circulating and intratumor PD-1/PD-L1 expression and analyzed their association with disease progression in a cohort of hepatitis B virus-infected patients, including 56 with HCC, 20 with liver cirrhosis (LC) and 20 healthy controls (HC). The frequency of circulating PD-1(+) CD8(+) T cells increased with disease progression from LC to HCC patients versus HC. Furthermore, tumor-infiltrating effector CD8(+) T cells showed a drastic increase in PD-1 expression. These increases in circulating and intratumor PD-1(+) CD8(+) T cells could predict poorer disease progression and postoperative recurrence. Immunohistochemical staining showed that PD-L1 expressing hepatoma cells and apoptotic infiltrating CD8(+) T cells were both enriched in tumor sections. In vitro, CD8(+) T cells induced PD-L1 expression on hepatoma cells in an IFN-γ-dependent manner, which in turn promoted CD8(+) T cells apoptosis, and blocking PD-L1 reversed this effect. Therefore, this study extends our knowledge of the role of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in tumor evasion and provides evidence for a new therapeutic target in HCC patients.
Total synthesis of amphimedine (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of amphimedineAntonio M. Echavarren and J. K. StilleCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 12, 4051–4053Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00220a062https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00220a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1083Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Treatment of oilfield wastewater by Fenton's process. (2004)

A combination of coagulation and Fenton's process was used for the removal of total oxygen carbon (TOC) from oilfield wastewater. Compared with aluminium sulfate, ferric coagulant had better TOC removal efficiency at the same mass dosage. In Fenton's process, the effect of H2O2 and Fe2+ dose on the removal of TOC was studied. The optimum conditions required for TOC removal were an Fe3+ concentration of 40-50 mg/L, an H2O2 dose of 50 mmol/L and an Fe2+ concentration of 1.0 mmol/L. GC-MS chromatographic analysis indicated that most of the alkyl hydrocarbons of carbon numbers < 21 were removed in the first minute of Fenton's process mainly through adsorption. Alkyl hydrocarbons and phenols were oxidized almost completely following 120 min of treatment. The pathway of newly formed intermediates in Fenton's process was proposed on the basis of the GC/MS chromatogram.
Coherent optical intersatellite crosslink systems (2003)

Key system and technology issues for heterodyne laser intersatellite communication systems are reviewed, including telescope/aperture, laser transmitter, and heterodyne receiver technology; spatial acquisition and tracking; optical/mechanical/thermal analysis design; and modulation/demodulation coding. It is concluded that heterodyne technology with semiconductor lasers has evolved to the point where it is now feasible to implement heterodyne systems for approximately 100 Mb/s with a single-laser transmitter of modest power (30 mW) and with small aperture (20 cm). It is suggested that technology advances, particularly in the areas of higher power laser sources, will extend system capabilities beyond 1 Gb/s in the future.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
3D differential phase contrast microscopy (2016)

We demonstrate three-dimensional (3D) optical phase and amplitude reconstruction based on coded source illumination using a programmable LED array. Multiple stacks of images along the optical axis are computed from recorded intensities captured by multiple images under off-axis illumination. Based on the first Born approximation, a linear differential phase contrast (DPC) model is built between 3D complex index of refraction and the intensity stacks. Therefore, 3D volume reconstruction can be achieved via a fast inversion method, without the intermediate 2D phase retrieval step. Our system employs spatially partially coherent illumination, so the transverse resolution achieves twice the NA of coherent systems, while axial resolution is also improved 2× as compared to holographic imaging.