gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Light-load conversion efficiency improvement strategy for Phase-Shift Full-Bridge Converters (2017)

The traditional Phase-Shift Full-Bridge Converter (PSFBC) cannot achieve Zero-Voltage Switching (ZVS) at light loads due to small resonant current resulting in low conversion efficiency at light loads. Therefore, a light-load conversion efficiency improvement strategy for PSFBC is emerging and needs to be realized. A novel dead-time adjustment strategy for light-load conversion efficiency improvement of PSFBC is proposed in this paper. By the proposed dead-time adjustment strategy, the light-load conversion efficiency of PSFBC can be improved without adding extra electronic components. A PSFBC with an input voltage of 380V, an output voltage of 48V, and a rated power of 480W is designed and implemented in this paper. Experimental results show that the light-load conversion efficiency improvements, 5.75% and 3.64% at output current about 0.6A, comparing with the PSFBC without the dead-time adjustment and the conventional dead-time adjustment, respectively, can be achieved by the proposed dead-time adjustment strategy.
Rapid dual-injection single-scan<sup>13</sup>N-ammonia PET for quantification of rest and stress myocardial blood flows (2006)

Quantification of myocardial blood flows at rest and stress using 13N-ammonia PET is an established method; however, current techniques require a waiting period of about 1 h between scans. The objective of this study was to test a rapid dual-injection single-scan approach, where 13N-ammonia injections are administered 10 min apart during rest and adenosine stress. Dynamic PET data were acquired in six human subjects using imaging protocols that provided separate single-injection scans as gold standards. Rest and stress data were combined to emulate rapid dual-injection data so that the underlying activity from each injection was known exactly. Regional blood flow estimates were computed from the dual-injection data using two methods: background subtraction and combined modelling. The rapid dual-injection approach provided blood flow estimates very similar to the conventional single-injection standards. Rest blood flow estimates were affected very little by the dual-injection approach, and stress estimates correlated strongly with separate single-injection values (r=0.998, mean absolute difference=0.06 ml min-1 g-1). An actual rapid dual-injection scan was successfully acquired in one subject and further demonstrates feasibility of the method. This study with a limited dataset demonstrates that blood flow quantification can be obtained in only 20 min by the rapid dual-injection approach with accuracy similar to that of conventional separate rest and stress scans. The rapid dual-injection approach merits further development and additional evaluation for potential clinical use.
Programming mRNA decay to modulate synthetic circuit resource allocation (2017)

Synthetic circuits embedded in host cells compete with cellular processes for limited intracellular resources. Here we show how funnelling of cellular resources, after global transcriptome degradation by the sequence-dependent endoribonuclease MazF, to a synthetic circuit can increase production. Target genes are protected from MazF activity by recoding the gene sequence to eliminate recognition sites, while preserving the amino acid sequence. The expression of a protected fluorescent reporter and flux of a high-value metabolite are significantly enhanced using this genome-scale control strategy. Proteomics measurements discover a host factor in need of protection to improve resource redistribution activity. A computational model demonstrates that the MazF mRNA-decay feedback loop enables proportional control of MazF in an optimal operating regime. Transcriptional profiling of MazF-induced cells elucidates the dynamic shifts in transcript abundance and discovers regulatory design elements. Altogether, our results suggest that manipulation of cellular resource allocation is a key control parameter for synthetic circuit design.
Emodin alleviates gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer by inhibiting MDR1/P‑glycoprotein and MRPs expression (2020)

Gemcitabine is a gold standard chemotherapeutic agent for pancreatic cancer. However, gemcitabine has limited effectiveness due to the short-term development of chemoresistance. Emodin, a natural anthraquinone derivative isolated from the roots of rheumatic palm leaves prevents immunosuppression and exerts anticancer effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of emodin on gemcitabine resistance. Gemcitabine-resistant PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cell xenografts were established in athymic mice, which were randomly assigned into four treatments groups as follows: Gemcitabine group, Emodin group, Gemcitabine+Emodin group and Negative control group. Body weight, tumor volume and tumor weight were measured over the course of treatment. The effect of each treatment on tumor tissue proliferation and apoptosis from nude mice was evaluated by using immunohistochemistry. The effect of each treatment on the proliferation of gemcitabine-resistant PANC-1 cells was also determined by using the Cell Counting Kit-8. Then, reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q) PCR and western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression, respectively, of multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1) and the drug resistance-related proteins MRP1 and MRP5. The function and expression level of DR1 gene product, p-glycoprotein, was also analysed by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR, respectively. The results demonstrated that the combination of gemcitabine and emodin significantly reduced xenograft volume and reduced tumor growth in mice compared with treatment with gemcitabine or emodin only. In addition, emodin treatment reduced resistance to gemcitabine, which was characterized by the downregulation of P-glycoprotein, MRP1 and MRP5 expression in the group receiving combination treatment. The level of P-glycoprotein was also decreased in the group treated with gemcitabine+emodin compared with the single treatment groups. Taken together, these results demonstrated that emodin enhanced gemcitabine efficacy in tumor treatment and alleviated gemcitabine resistance in PANC-1 cell xenografts in mice via suppressing MDR1/P-glycoprotein and MRP expression.
Inference of the operative configurcation of medium voltage distribution networks (2004)

This paper presents the first part of an approach aimed to infer the operative configuration of medium voltage distribution networks. Here the operative configuration is defined as the state (open or closed) of the protective devices installed in the MV feeders. The methodology is based on the calculation of fault currents using fuzzy arithmetic and the estimation of loads using power flow analysis. Preliminary results are obtained using limited data supplied by SCADA and statistical data processed from CIS. An analysis of the relations between operative configuration, distribution state estimation and quality of service is also presented. The research is oriented toward radial distribution feeders with solid connection to ground and a low degree of real time monitoring and control.
Body SAR study of the planar WWAN monopole slot antenna for tablet device application (2011)

Abstract A study on the body SAR of the planar WWAN (wireless wide area network) monopole slot antenna for tablet device application is presented. The monopole slot antenna covers penta‐band WWAN operation in the 824∼960/1710∼2170 MHz bands with low near‐field emission such that its body SAR (specific absorption rate) values for 1‐g tissue in the bottom face, landscape and portrait orientations to the flat phantom meet the limit of 1.6 W/kg for practical applications. Effects of the monopole slot antenna disposed at various possible locations in the tablet device on the body SAR results are also analyzed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26094
Role of <i>C. elegans</i> TAT-1 Protein in Maintaining Plasma Membrane Phosphatidylserine Asymmetry (2008)

The asymmetrical distribution of phospholipids on the plasma membrane is critical for maintaining cell integrity and physiology and for regulating intracellular signaling and important cellular events such as clearance of apoptotic cells. How phospholipid asymmetry is established and maintained is not fully understood. We report that the Caenorhabditis elegans P-type adenosine triphosphatase homolog, TAT-1, is critical for maintaining cell surface asymmetry of phosphatidylserine (PS). In animals deficient in tat-1, PS is abnormally exposed on the cell surface, and normally living cells are randomly lost through a mechanism dependent on PSR-1, a PS-recognizing phagocyte receptor, and CED-1, which contributes to recognition and engulfment of apoptotic cells. Thus, tat-1 appears to function in preventing appearance of PS in the outer leaflet of plasma membrane, and ectopic exposure of PS on the cell surface may result in removal of living cells by neighboring phagocytes.
Comparison of Disposable Diapers with Fluff Absorbent and Fluff Plus Absorbent Polymers: Effects on Skin Hydration, Skin pH, and Diaper Dermatitis (1989)

Diaper dermatitis results from the action of a number of physical and chemical factors on the skin. While its etiology is complex, there is agreement that prolonged contact between wet diapers and the skin leading to excessive hydration of the stratum corneum and reduced barrier function is a primary factor. Recent research also indicates that pH elevation resulting from ammonia production increases the probability of skin damage due to fecal enzyme activity. New diapers containing absorbent polymers blended with cellulose fluff in the absorbent core have been developed. The absorbent polymer binds fluids and controls pH in the diaper environment. To assess the effectiveness of these diapers, a clinical study was conducted with approximately 150 infants over 15 weeks, using fluff diapers and absorbent polymer diapers. The results clearly showed that the diapers with absorbent polymer provide a better skin environment than those with fluff only with respect to lower skin wetness and pH control (instrumental measurements). In addition, the clinicians' grades indicated a directional reduction in diaper rash severity.
Sample-Specific Late Fusion for Visual Category Recognition (2013)

Late fusion addresses the problem of combining the prediction scores of multiple classifiers, in which each score is predicted by a classifier trained with a specific feature. However, the existing methods generally use a fixed fusion weight for all the scores of a classifier, and thus fail to optimally determine the fusion weight for the individual samples. In this paper, we propose a sample-specific late fusion method to address this issue. Specifically, we cast the problem into an information propagation process which propagates the fusion weights learned on the labeled samples to individual unlabeled samples, while enforcing that positive samples have higher fusion scores than negative samples. In this process, we identify the optimal fusion weights for each sample and push positive samples to top positions in the fusion score rank list. We formulate our problem as a L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sub> norm constrained optimization problem and apply the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers for the optimization. Extensive experiment results on various visual categorization tasks show that the proposed method consistently and significantly beats the state-of-the-art late fusion methods. To the best knowledge, this is the first method supporting sample-specific fusion weight learning.
Feature Selection for Unsupervised and Supervised Inference: The Emergence of Sparsity in a Weight-Based Approach (2005)

The problem of selecting a subset of relevant features in a potentially overwhelming quantity of data is classic and found in many branches of science. Examples in computer vision, text processing ...
Wireless Communication and Security Issues for Cyber–Physical Systems and the Internet-of-Things (2017)

Wireless sensors and actuators connected by the Internet-of-Things (IoT) are central to the design of advanced cyber-physical systems (CPSs). In such complex, heterogeneous systems, communication links must meet stringent requirements on throughput, latency, and range, while adhering to tight energy budget and providing high levels of security. In this paper, we first summarize wireless communication principles from the perspective of the connectivity needs of IoT and CPS. Based on these principles, we then review the most relevant wireless communication standards before focusing on the key security issues and features of such systems. In particular, the gap between the security features in the communication standards used in CPSs and IoT and their actual vulnerabilities are pointed out with practical examples and recent attacks. We emphasize the need for a more in-depth study of the security issues across all the protocol layers, including both logical layer security and physical layer security.
(Meth)acrylate‐based photoelastomers as tailored biomaterials for artificial vascular grafts (2009)

Abstract Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the western hemisphere. Currently available synthetic vascular conduits, like Dacron or ePTFE show excellent long‐term results for large‐caliber arterial reconstruction (aorta, iliac vessels) but when used for small diameter (<4 mm) vessel reconstruction, patency rates are extremely poor. We therefore aim at developing suitable blood vessel substitutes out of biocompatible photopolymer formulations, which can be printed by rapid prototyping. Rapid prototyping offers the possibility to create cellular structures within the grafts that favor the ingrowth of tissue. To meet the high requirements for artificial biomaterials, it is necessary to develop new resin formulations. Beside the biocompatibility, the mechanical properties—a low elastic modulus (500 kPa) at a relatively high tensile strength (1.0 MPa) and a high strain at break (130%)—play a central role. Resin systems containing cyanoethyl acrylate have shown to be highly reactive, have good mechanical properties and sufficient in vitro biocompatibility. Elastic modulus and tensile strength which should be similar to natural blood vessels were adjusted by the ratio of acrylate‐based crosslinkers and—in case of hydrogels —the percentage of water. Finally, we were able to print small diameter conduits by microstereolithography. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 2664–2676, 2009
A future radio-access framework (2006)

This paper discusses the requirements on future radio access and, based on the requirements, proposes a framework for such a system. The proposed system based on orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing supports very low latencies and data rates up to 100 Mb/s with wide area coverage and 1 Gb/s with local area coverage. Spectrum flexibility is identified as one main requirement for future systems, and the proposed framework can be deployed in a wide range of spectrum allocations with bandwidths ranging from 2.5 to 100 MHz. Multihop relaying, useful to extend the range for the high data rates, and multiple-antenna configurations are integral parts of the framework. A packet-centric approach is taken for the dataflow processing, implying that the scheduling mechanism and the retransmission protocol operate on complete packets rather than segments thereof, thus allowing for cross-layer optimization. Finally, numerical evaluations are provided, illustrating the feasibility of future very wideband radio access.
Stimulated spin dynamics of polaritons in semiconductor microcavities (2002)

Time-resolved polarization spectroscopy of polariton pair scattering in semiconductor microcavities enables complete measurement of the polariton spin dynamics. In addition to spin-preserving interactions previously reported, we observe two additional even stronger scattering processes, which mix polaritons of opposite spin. Because of the polaritons' bosonic character, this results in the stimulation of spin flips. Such mechanisms should allow realization of spin-sensitive interferometers.
Em busca da Liberdade nas universidades: Para que serve a investigação em Educação? (2015)

Depois de sete anos, de grande intensidade, como Reitor da Universidade de Lisboa, passei o último ano no Brasil. Foi uma experiência extraordinária. Pude viver, in loco, a realidade de outro país, de outro continente, e tomar consciência de como são semelhantes as questões que nos afectam, de um e do outro lado do Atlântico, em todos os lugares do mundo.
Asymmetrical Pulse-Width-Modulated (1996)

Abstruct- This paper presents asymmetrical pulse-widthmodulated (APWM) dddc resonant converter topologies that exhibit near-zero switching losses while operating at constant and very high frequencies. The converters include a bridged chopper to convert the dc input voltage to a high-frequency unidirectional ac voltage, which in turn is fed to a high-frequency transformer through a resonant circuit. The bridged chopper has two switches that alternately conduct. The duty cycles of the conduction of the switches are complementary with one another and are varied to control the output voltage. Three resonant circuit configurations suitable for this type of control are presented. Frequency domain analysis of the converter is given, and performance characteristics are presented. Experimental results for a 48-5 V, 30 W converter show an efficiency of 88% at a constant operating frequency of 1 MHz.
Three-dimensional multi-modal microscopy (2009)

Advances in lasers in recent decades have led to novel techniques of microscopy that are only possible with powerful coherent sources. Modern electronic cameras and computers have made it possible to capture, process, and display the resulting images. The continued growth in computing power now makes it possible to combine images from different microscopic imaging modalities. The W. M. Keck Three-Dimensional Fusion Microscope brings together multiple modes of microscopy on a single platform, with the ability to switch from one to another rapidly without moving the specimen. With this microscope, it is possible to examine the spatial relationships among components of the specimen each of which is visualized with a different mode, to use one mode as validation for another, and to combine multiple modes to exact information that would not be available from any single mode alone. In addition to the commonly used modes of brightfield, differential interference, epi-fluorescence, this instrument has confocal and multi-photon fluorescence, second-harmonic, frequency-agile confocal reflectance, fluorescence recovery after photo-bleaching, and optical quadrature microscopy. The last of these is used for full-field quantitative phase imaging. The initial applications of the microscope are in the imaging of embryos, skin, and nano-fabricated structures. Sample results will be shown, and the design issues that arise in the combination of multiple modalities will be discussed.
A<sub>1</sub> Adenosine Receptor Antagonists as Ligands for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single-Photon Emission Tomography (SPET) (1998)

The high affinity of 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (CPX) for the A1 adenosine receptor (A1AR) provides a good lead for developing radioligands suitable for positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission tomography (SPET). This study tested the hypothesis that the kinds of chemical modifications made in the synthesis of CPX analogues containing carbon-11, fluorine-18, or radioiodine will not alter affinity for the A1AR. This report describes the synthesis and radioligand binding assays of unlabeled CPX analogues having methyl, 2-methoxyethyl, 2-fluoropropyl, or 3-fluoropropyl substituents, respectively, at either N-1 (13a-d) or N-3 (8a-d) or an (E)-3-iodoprop-2-en-1-yl substituent at N-3 (8f). Compounds 8d,f and 13b,d antagonized the binding of [3H]CPX to the A1AR of rat brain with affinities similar to those of CPX; compound 8c was twice as potent as CPX. Analogues 8a,b and 13a were less potent than CPX, but for each the Ki of antagonism was > or = 0.5 nM. Attempts to iodinate the 8-(4-hydroxyphenyl) analogue of CPX failed, probably because the xanthine substituent strongly deactivated the phenol toward electrophilic iodination. In summary, several of the modifications of the propyl groups of CPX needed to produce ligands for imaging by PET and SPET preserve or enhance affinity for the A1AR.
Digital object identifiers (2002)

L'A. expose les benefices d'un systeme de DOI (Digital Object Identifier) pour la preservation electronique de l'information scientifique et technique. Le DOI repose sur un processus de resolution fonde sur une architecture d'objet numerique, et sur l'utilisation de metadonnees bien formees. Il permet de gerer les problemes de permanence et d'interoperabilite qui se posent a la communaute de la preservation electronique, qui elle-meme reconnait l'importance d'une identification unique. La possibilite d'assigner un DOI a un ensemble de donnees est actuellement discutee. La fixation du cout de l'enregistrement d'un DOI est en cours d'elaboration.
Reverse engineering Control Structure Diagrams (2002)

The GRASP/Ada project (Graphical Representations of Algorithms, Structures, and Processes for Ada) has successfully created and prototyped a new algorithmic level graphical representation for Ada software, the Control Structure Diagram (CSD). The primary impetus for creation of the CSD is to improve the comprehension efficiency of Ada software and, as a result, improve reliability and reduce costs. The emphasis is on the automatic generation of the CSD from Ada PDL or source code to support reverse engineering and maintenance. The CSD has the potential to replace traditional prettyprinted Ada source code. The current prototype provides the capability for the user to generate CSDs from Ada PDL or source code with a level of flexibility suitable for practical application.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Concentration changes and clinical significance of hepatocyte growth factor in acute kidney injury ICU pa-tients (2008)

Objective To investigate the concentration changes and clinical significance of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) during the development of acute kidney injury (AKI). Methods The serum concentrations of HGF in 62 patients with AKI were measured every two days, and the relation between HGF and glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ,the renal failure index,course of diseases,numbers of viscera injury,and short-term prognosis were an-alyzed. Results The serum concentrations of HGF were progressively rising along with the course of diseases and the amount of viscera injury (P=0.000), reached peak at the 9th day, and then decreased, which was was elevated in the death group than renal function failure group, but which in the latter group was elevated than in renal function recovery group (P<0.05 for each). AKI with liver injury patients were obviously higher than without liver injury pa-tients(P<0.05 for each). The serum concentrations of HGF were positively correlated with the renal failure index (r=0.580～0.821) but negatively correlated with eGFR(r=-0.943～-0.703) (P<0.05 for each). Conclu-sion The serum concentrations of HGF are abnormally rising in the patients of AKI ,which reflects the state of dis-ease and short-term prognosis of AKI.

Key words: 
Acute kidney injury;  Hepatocyte growth factor;  Glomerular filtration rate;  Renal Failure Index