gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Glowing contact areas in loose copper wire connections (1992)

Laboratory experiments are reported that show that when a current-carrying loose copper wire connection is exposed to mechanical vibrations, a layer of Cu/sub 2/O grows to form a bridge between the contact members, bonding them to one another. Due to the strongly negative temperature coefficient of Cu/sub 2/O at high temperatures, the current is concentrated in a thin, glowing filament at or near the surface of the oxide bridge. The maximum temperature of this filament was found to be 1200-1300 degrees C. Under the action of this hot filament, a rapid oxidation of the copper continues until most of the circumference of the copper wires is converted to Cu/sub 2/O to a depth of a few tenths of a millimeter. As the corrosion proceeds, the power dissipation increases to values that can cause fire hazards. The phenomenon described explains how a temperature high enough to initiate a fire can arise, even when the current through the connection is limited by the load impedance to values less than 1 A.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
PURIFICATION OF HUMAN FETAL SOMATOMEDIN (1983)

Journal Article Purification of Human Fetal Somatomedin Get access M Fagerstedt, M Fagerstedt Depts of Psychiatry and Endocrinology, St. Goran’s Hospital and Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V Sara, V Sara Depts of Psychiatry and Endocrinology, St. Goran’s Hospital and Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K Hall K Hall Depts of Psychiatry and Endocrinology, St. Goran’s Hospital and Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Acta Endocrinologica (Norway), Volume 104, Issue 2_Supplement_b, Aug 1983, Pages S216–S221, https://doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.103S216 Published: 01 August 1983
A Comparative Study on Overall Efficiency of Two-Dimensional Wireless Power Transfer Systems Using Rotational and Directional Methods (2021)

Two-dimensional (2-D) wireless power transfer (WPT) systems can be controlled by either the directional method or the rotational method. The rotational method refers to the use of omnidirectional transmitter generating rotational flux regardless of the load positions, while the directional method refers to the use of omnidirectional transmitter generating magnetic flux directly toward the power-consuming load directions. This article compares the overall efficiency of the two methods for 2-D WPT systems. Theoretical analysis reveals that the directional WPT can be more efficient than the rotational WPT with either single or multiple loads when the magnetic field vector is controlled within the feasible zones; and the efficiency difference between the two methods are more significant when the dimensions of the receiver coils are smaller. Both simulation and experimental results are consistent in validating the two discoveries. They indicate that the averaged efficiency of the directional method is at least 5% higher than that of the rotational one.
Morphometric Measurements of Fetal and Neonatal Eyes Using MRI and Ultrasound (2008)

Using MRI, the ratios of the anterior posterior (AP) lengths of the eyes versus the AP lengths of the corneae to the external occipital protuberances were found to decrease from 28 weeks of gestation onwards, while the ratios of the transverse diameters of the eyes versus the transverse diameters of the zygomatic bone to the nasal cavity increased till term. No further change in the ratios of the AP or transverse diameters was observed even till three years of age.
Enhanced Polymer Light‐Emitting Diode Performance Using a Crosslinked‐Network Electron‐Blocking Interlayer (2004)

Effective electron-blocking layers (EBLs) for multilayer polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) have been made by placing a crosslinked network of siloxane and hole-transporting polymers onto PLED anodes. These EBLs resulted in dramatic performance enhancement of conventional, lectron-dominated PLED devices: the maximum current efficiency increased tenfold to over 17 cd/A, clearly a result of the effectiveness of the EBL.
Recent Progress and Future Prospects of AlGaN-based Deep-UV LEDs (2014)

Deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (DUV-LEDs) and laser diodes (LDs) with emission wavelengths in the range of 220-350 nm are expected for a wide variety of applications, such as sterilization, water purification, medicine and biochemistry, light sources for high-density optical recording, white light illumination, fluorescence analytical systems and related information sensing fields, air purification equipment, and zero-emission automobiles. Because of their wide direct-transition energy range in the UV, ranging between 6.2 eV (AlN) and 3.4 eV (GaN), AlGaN and quaternary InAlGaN are attracting considerable attention as candidate materials for the realization of DUV-LEDs and LDs.
A Study on N-level Pressure Power Supply and its Application in High Response and High Efficiency Hydraulic Servo System (2013)

In a traditional 1-level pressure valve-controlled hydraulic servo system, the response is good, but the efficiency is deteriorated. In a load-sensing pump-controlled hydraulic servo system, the efficiency is good, but it is desired that the response be improved. Therefore, an N-level pressure hybrid power supply has been proposed to realize high efficiency and high response simultaneously in the 1st report, and its high efficiency has been verified by experiments of a 2-level pressure valve-controlled hydraulic servo system. In this paper, a separated type N-level pressure hybrid power supply is described in detail. A 2-level pressure valve-controlled hydraulic servo system using separated type power supply is used to conduct the experiments. Power consumption of the system is also measured. It is verified that the efficiency of the system using a separated type power supply is not only higher than the traditional system, but also the response of the system is as good as the traditional system under the frequency of 20Hz.
Method for classifying cardiac arrhythmias using photoplethysmography (2015)

Advances in mobile computing and miniature devices have contributed to the accelerated development of wearable technologies for clinical applications. The new trend of wearable technologies has fostered a growth of interest for sensors that can be easily integrated into wearable devices. In particular, photoplethysmography (PPG) is especially suitable for wearable sensing, as it is low-cost, noninvasive, and does not require wet electrodes like the electrocardiogram. Photoplethysmograph signals contain rich information about the blood pulsating variation which is strongly related to the electrical activities of the heart. Therefore, in this paper we hypothesize that the ambulatory PPG monitoring could be employed for arrhythmia detection and classification. This paper presents a method for classifying ventricular premature contraction (VPC) and ventricular tachycardia (VT) from normal sinus rhythm (NSR) and supraventricular premature contraction (SVPC) recorded in patients going through ablation therapy for arrhythmia. Although occasional VPCs are benign, the increase in the frequency of VPC events may lead to VT, which in turn,could evolve into ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac death. Therefore the accurate measurement of VPC frequency and early detection of VT events becomes essential for patients with cardiac disease.
Mesenchymal stem cells isolated from peripheral blood and umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly (2013)

The results obtained demonstrated that both MSCs represent good alternative sources of adult MSCs that could be used in cell therapy applications.
Perceived Age and Life Style. The Specific Contributions of Seven Factors Involved in Health and Beauty. (2017)

Despite its final destination, every quality concept has to pass through academic purgatory as, once accepted, it comes to respond to ever more educated society's demands in terms of anti-ageing.
Identification of a lung adenocarcinoma cell line with <scp>CCDC</scp>6‐<scp>RET</scp> fusion gene and the effect of <scp>RET</scp> inhibitors <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> (2013)

Rearrangements of the proto-oncogene RET are newly identified potential driver mutations in lung adenocarcinoma (LAD). However, the absence of cell lines harboring RET fusion genes has hampered the investigation of the biological relevance of RET and the development of RET-targeted therapy. Thus, we aimed to identify a RET fusion positive LAD cell line. Eleven LAD cell lines were screened for RET fusion transcripts by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The biological relevance of the CCDC6-RET gene products was assessed by cell growth, survival and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and AKT with or without the suppression of RET expression using RNA interference. The efficacy of RET inhibitors was evaluated in vitro using a culture system and in an in vivo xenograft model. Expression of the CCDC6-RET fusion gene in LC-2/ad cells was demonstrated by the mRNA and protein levels, and the genomic break-point was confirmed by genomic DNA sequencing. Mutations in KRAS and EGFR were not observed in the LC-2/ad cells. CCDC6-RET was constitutively active, and the introduction of a siRNA targeting the RET 3' region decreased cell proliferation by downregulating RET and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Moreover, treatment with RET-inhibitors, including vandetanib, reduced cell viability, which was accompanied by the downregulation of the AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Vandetanib exhibited anti-tumor effects in the xenograft model. Endogenously expressing CCDC6-RET contributed to cell growth. The inhibition of kinase activity could be an effective treatment strategy for LAD. LC-2/ad is a useful model for developing fusion RET-targeted therapy.
Structure and mixing of a transverse jet in incompressible flow (1984)

The flow field induced by a jet in incompressible cross-flow is analysed and the results compared with those obtained in a reacting water-jet experiment. It is argued that the axial vortex pair in the flow arises from the jet momentum normal to the free stream, the momentum flux being equivalent to a normal force, i.e. to a lift.
Synthesis of a High-Permeance NaA Zeolite Membrane by Microwave Heating (2000)

Zeolite membranes with high permeance and separation factors are highly desirable for practical applications. Although, in the past, very good separation factors have been obtained, it has proved difficult to achieve a high permeance. Here a comparative study of microwave versus conventional heating in the hydrothermal synthesis of NaA zeolite membranes is made. It is demonstrated that membranes prepared by microwave heating have not only a higher permeance but also a considerably shorter synthesis time. These observations are rationalized by examining the mechanism of membrane formation.
Guidance characteristics of GNSS landing systems (2002)

Technical and operation concepts for precision landing have evolved around the signal in space characteristics of the Instrument Landing System (ILS). For the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Landing System (GLS), many of these characteristics will be dependent on computational processes inside the airborne receiver. Development of GLS standards creates an opportunity to improve on inherent ILS limitations while retaining useful features. This paper compares proposed GLS guidance algorithms including an approach where nominal ILS features are reproduced as well as alternatives proposed to eliminate features seen as undesirable. Simulated deviation outputs are derived for various maneuvers, including orbits, on-path, and near-path approach trajectories. The potential impact of alternative approaches on aircraft performance during capture, flare, and rollout is shown. Additional considerations addressed include the impact of changes of field verification and flight inspection and the applicability of these concepts to the Multi-Mode Receiver (MMR).
Chemical Transformation for 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Production from Saccharides Using Molten Salt System (2018)

Herein, we have demonstrated using a eutectic ternary LiNO3–NaNO3–KNO3 (LSP) molten salt melt under mild conditions for chemical transformation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) production directly from biomass-derived saccharides, such as fructose, glucose, cellobiose, starch, and cellulose. In addition, 2-sec-butylphenol (SBP) was used for enhancing HMF production through efficient extraction from LSP salt melts. Notably, LSP salt can be recovered and reused without compromising activity, which could make this chemical transformation sustainable. Moreover, a simple vacuum distillation system can be employed for easy separation of HMF while processing. The aforementioned chemical transformation through LSP molten salt melts could be attributed to the intrinsic unique acid–base pair and saccharide molecule perturbation by small cations present in molten salt melts.
Stereoselective Synthesis of (−)‐Pinidinone (2013)

Abstract A simple and efficient stereoselective linear approach to the total synthesis of (−)‐pinidinone has been accomplished starting from propane‐1,3‐diol, and employing Maruoka asymmetric allylation and Grubbs ' olefin cross‐metathesis as the key steps.
Alexa Fluor 488 as an iron sensing molecule and its application in PEBBLE nanosensors (2005)

Molecular Probes' Alexa Fluor dyes are generally used for biological labeling because of their ideal fluorescent properties, but here we detail Alexa Fluor 488's nanomolar sensitivity to free iron. Furthermore, the dye has been encapsulated into a polymer nanosphere by a microemulsion method, producing <100 nm particles. These nanosensors, PEBBLEs (Probe Encapsulated By Biologically Localized Embedding) have micromolar sensitivity and are non-responsive to other metal ions of biological interest.
ANALISIS REFLEKSI PADA LOKAKARYA ASESMEN DAN PEMBELAJARAN SEKOLAH PENGGERAK (2023)

The purpose of this study is to get a factual explanation of the teacher's understanding in carrying out assessments in the independent curriculum. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive survey research approach. Survey research steps are divided into 4 stages, namely preparation, data collection, data analysis, and drawing conclusions. The sample in this study consisted of 23 teachers and principals of class 1 driving schools in Riau province who came from Siak, Indragiri Hilir and Dumai districts. The data in this study were collected using a reflection questionnaire at the assessment and learning workshop. The results of the research show that principals and teachers tend to be able to take advantage of reflection on workshop activities to improve the techniques and methods they use in conducting assessments and learning. Through reflection activities at the mobilizing school workshop, it is hoped that it can contribute to teachers and principals in making appropriate assessments based on the learning process that has been implemented.
The Three-Dimensional Structure of <i>Aspergillus niger</i> Pectin Lyase B at 1.7-Å Resolution1 (1998)

The three-dimensional structure of Aspergillus niger pectin lyase B (PLB) has been determined by crystallographic techniques at a resolution of 1.7 A. The model, with all 359 amino acids and 339 water molecules, refines to a final crystallographic R factor of 16.5%. The polypeptide backbone folds into a large right-handed cylinder, termed a parallel beta helix. Loops of various sizes and conformations protrude from the central helix and probably confer function. The largest loop of 53 residues folds into a small domain consisting of three antiparallel beta strands, one turn of an alpha helix, and one turn of a 3(10) helix. By comparison with the structure of Erwinia chrysanthemi pectate lyase C (PelC), the primary sequence alignment between the pectate and pectin lyase subfamilies has been corrected and the active site region for the pectin lyases deduced. The substrate-binding site in PLB is considerably less hydrophilic than the comparable PelC region and consists of an extensive network of highly conserved Trp and His residues. The PLB structure provides an atomic explanation for the lack of a catalytic requirement for Ca2+ in the pectin lyase family, in contrast to that found in the pectate lyase enzymes. Surprisingly, however, the PLB site analogous to the Ca2+ site in PelC is filled with a positive charge provided by a conserved Arg in the pectin lyases. The significance of the finding with regard to the enzymatic mechanism is discussed.
Analyzing Program Dependencies in Java EE Applications (2017)

Program dependency artifacts such as call graphs help support a number of software engineering tasks such as software mining, program understanding, debugging, feature location, software maintenance and evolution. Java Enterprise Edition (JEE) applications represent a significant part of the recent legacy applications, and we are interested in modernizing them. This modernization involves, among other things, analyzing dependencies between their various components/tiers. JEE applications tend to be multilanguage, rely on JEE container services, and make extensive use of late binding techniques-all of which makes finding such dependencies difficult. In this paper, we describe some of these difficulties and how we addressed them to build a dependency call graph. We developed our tool called DeJEE (Dependencies in JEE) as an Eclipse plug-in. We applied DeJEE on two open-source JEE applications: Java PetStore and JSP Blog. The results show that DeJEE is able to identify different types of JEE dependencies.
Quantum and thermal effects in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">H</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>dissociative adsorption: Evaluation of free energy barriers in multidimensional quantum systems (1994)

We have evaluated the sticking probability and activation energy for dissociation of ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ molecules on a Cu(110) surface by a reversible work formulation of quantum transition state theory. Feynman path integrals are used to describe the two hydrogen atoms and a few of the surface atoms, thereby including quantum effects such as tunneling and zero point energy, as well as thermal averaging. At a temperature below 600 K an onset of a quantum regime is observed as the activation energy drops by 30%.
Plasma enhanced bonding of polydimethylsiloxane with parylene and its optimization (2011)

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and parylene are among the most widely used polymers in biomedical and microfluidic applications due to their favorable properties. Due to differences in their chemical structure and fabrication methods, it is difficult to integrate them together on a single microfluidic device. In this paper, we have demonstrated a method to bond patterned PDMS with parylene without the use of high temperature or pressure in a two-step process. The steps include (1) the attachment of cured PDMS surface to parylene using microcontact printing to form a weak bond followed by (2) a plasma exposure of sealed assembly to SF6, N2 and O2 gases, which enhanced the quality of bond by approximately fourfold to 1.4 MPa. We systematically investigated the effect of gas flow rates, chamber pressure, plasma time and power using Taguchi's design of experiment method. Composition of the bond formed in this process was evaluated to understand the mechanism of bond formation. Microfluidic channels fabricated from a PDMS replica and a flat parylene-coated surface, bonded using this method, have been able to withstand burst pressures of up to 146 kPa compared to 35 kPa for PDMS prepolymer microcontact printed assembly.
Hybrid Inference Optimization for robust pose graph estimation (2014)

In this paper we introduce a new optimization algorithm for networks of switched nonlinear objectives and apply this to the important problem of pose graph estimation for robot localization and mapping. The key insight is to replace the linear solver typically used in Gauss-Newton style methods with hybrid inference over switched discrete/continuous linear Gaussian networks. Since exact inference in these networks is known to be NP-hard, we also propose an approximate inference algorithm for the linearized hybrid networks based on message passing. We apply the new algorithm to the problem of robust pose graph estimation in the presence of incorrect loop closures and compare against three recently published approaches to the same problem. Evaluation is performed on ten sequences from two different datasets and shows that our approach performs substantially better than the state of the art.
Incidence of Adverse Events and Negligence in Hospitalized Patients (1991)

There is a substantial amount of injury to patients from medical management, and many injuries are the result of substandard care.
Improved InAlAs/InGaAs HEMT characteristics by inserting an InAs layer into the InGaAs channel (1992)

An InAlAs/InGaAs HEMT with a thin InAs layer inserted into the InGaAs channel is proposed and its electron transport properties and device performances have been investigated. By optimizing the thickness and the exact point of insertion in the InAs layer, the mobility and electron velocity at 300 K have been increased by 30% and 15%, respectively, compared to the conventional heterostructure. In addition, a maximum intrinsic transconductance of 970 mS/mm and a maximum current gain cutoff frequency of 58.1 GHz have been attained by a 0.6 mu m-gate-length device.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Heat and charge transport in bulk semiconductors with interstitial defects (2019)

Interstitial defects are inevitably present in doped semiconductors that enable modern-day electronic, optoelectronic, or thermoelectric technologies. Understanding the stability of interstitials and their bonding mechanisms in the silicon lattice was accomplished only recently with the advent of first-principles modeling techniques, supported by powerful experimental methods. However, much less attention has been paid to the effect of different naturally occurring interstitials on the thermal and electrical properties of silicon. In this work, we present a systematic study of the variability of heat and charge transport properties of bulk silicon, in the presence of randomly distributed interstitial defects (Si, Ge, C, and Li). We find through atomistic lattice dynamics and molecular dynamics studies that interstitial defects scatter heat-carrying phonons to suppress thermal transport---1.56% of randomly distributed Ge and Li interstitials reduce the thermal conductivity of silicon by $\ensuremath{\sim}30$ and 34 times, respectively. Using first-principles density functional theory and semiclassical Boltzmann transport theory, we compute electronic transport coefficients of bulk Si with 1.56% neutral Ge, C, Si, and Li interstitials, in energetically favorable hexagonal, tetrahedral, split-interstitial, and bond-centered sites. We demonstrate that hexagonal-Si and hexagonal-Ge interstitials minimally impact charge transport. As an illustration of the relevance of this work for practical applications, we predict the thermoelectric property of an experimentally realizable bulk Si sample that contains Ge interstitials in different symmetry sites. Our research establishes a direct relationship between the variability of structures dictated by fabrication processes and heat and charge transport properties of silicon. The relationship provides guidance to accurately estimate performance of Si-based materials for various technological applications.