gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proactive Content Rate Selection for Enhanced Streaming Media Quality (2008)

Streaming media services over wireless networks often exhibit poor quality because of the limitations of the end-to-end feedback they typically rely on. In a recent paper [1], Clearmedia, a novel, signaling-proxy-based architecture, was proposed to overcome many of these limitations and was shown to have the potential to realize significant gains in the media quality as perceived by the end-user. In this paper, we propose a proactive content rate selection algorithm that can be used in conjunction with the Clearmedia architecture to further improve streaming media quality. Results included in this paper indicate that the combination of proactive content rate selection and Clearmedia architecture leads to significant improvement across several dimensions of media quality.
Cell‐Free Synthetic Systems for Metabolic Engineering and Biosynthetic Pathway Prototyping (2016)

Advances in biotechnology have allowed engineers to design biological systems for the production of chemicals, materials, and pharmaceuticals. Unfortunately, current approaches remain challenging. Major challenges include an incomplete knowledge of how cells work, unwieldy biological complexity, and the fact that it is difficult to balance intracellular fluxes to optimally satisfy active synthetic pathways while the machinery of the cell is functioning to maintain reproductive viability. New tools and approaches are needed to address these challenges and harness the synthetic and functional capabilities of biological systems. In vitro, or cell-free, biological systems have emerged as one approach to decouple the cell's physiological and evolutionary objectives from the engineer's objectives. Here, we highlight the state-of-the-art cell-free systems for small-molecule metabolite production and pathway optimization. We anticipate that cell-free synthetic systems will offer exciting opportunities to rapidly prototype metabolic pathways and make molecules that would otherwise be difficult in cells.
Unrestrained acoustic plethysmograph for measuring specific airway resistance in mice (2008)

An acoustic whole body plethysmograph was developed to estimate specific airway resistance (sRaw) in unrestrained mice. The plethysmograph uses acoustic principles to measure the thoracic breathing pattern and simultaneously measures the airflow entering and/or leaving the plethysmograph. Similarly to traditional methods utilizing a double-chamber plethysmograph, these measurements were combined to estimate sRaw. To evaluate the new system, we placed six conscious A/J mice individually in a whole body plethysmograph (Buxco System) for a 2-min exposure to aerosolized methacholine chloride dissolved in saline (0, 5, 10, and 20 mg/ml), which is known to increase sRaw in mice. Three minutes after exposure, the mice were transferred to the acoustic plethysmograph for 2 min for data collection. The mean baseline value of sRaw was 0.93+/-0.10 cmH2O.s. A dose-dependent increase in sRaw was shown, with an approximate tripling of sRaw at the highest dose. These results demonstrate the ability of the system to estimate sRaw based on plethysmograph airflow and acoustic amplitude.
Total shoulder arthroplasty does not correct the orientation of the eroded glenoid (2012)

The position of the glenoid component reflected the preoperative erosion and "correction" was not a characteristic of the reconstructive surgery. Severe erosion appears to be linked to vault perforation. If malalignment and perforation are associated with loosening, our results suggest reorientation of the implant relative to the eroded surface.
Cinnamoyl Inhibitors of Tissue Transglutaminase (2008)

Transglutaminases (TGases) catalyze the intermolecular cross-linking of certain proteins and tissue TGases (TG2) are involved in diverse biological processes. Unregulated, high TGase activities have been implicated in several physiological disorders, but few reversible inhibitors of TG2 have been reported. Herein, we report the synthesis of a series of novel trans-cinammoyl derivatives, discovered to be potent inhibitors of guinea pig liver transglutaminase. The most effective inhibitors evaluated can be sorted into two subclasses: substituted cinnamoyl benzotriazolyl amides and the 3-(substituted cinnamoyl)pyridines, referred to more commonly as azachalcones. Kinetic evaluation of both of these subclasses revealed that they display reversible inhibition and are competitive with acyl donor TGase substrates at IC50 values as low as 18 microM. An analysis of structure-activity relationships within these series of inhibitors permitted the identification of potentially important binding interactions. Further testing of some of the most potent inhibitors demonstrated their selectivity for TG2 and their potential for further development.
Additive, nanoscale patterning of metal films with a stamp and a surface chemistry mediated transfer process: Applications in plastic electronics (2002)

We describe a method for contact printing metal patterns with nanometer features over large areas. This nanotransfer printing (nTP) technique relies on tailored surface chemistries to transfer metal films from the raised regions of a stamp to a substrate when these two elements are brought into intimate physical contact. The printing is purely additive, fast (&lt;15 s contact time), and it occurs in a single processing step at ambient conditions. Features of varying dimensions, including sizes down to ∼100 nm, can be printed with edge resolution better than 15 nm. Electrical contacts and interconnects for high-performance organic transistors and complementary inverter circuits have been successfully fabricated using nTP.
Biochemically-Engineered Molecular Communication Interface and Propagation System (2010)

The authors of this paper have proposed the concept of communication. The molecular communication uses molecules (i.e., chemical signals) as an information medium and allows biological and artificially-created nano- or cell-scale devices to communicate over a short distance. It is a new and biologically inspired communication paradigm and is different from the existing communication paradigm that uses electromagnetic waves (i.e., electronic and optical signals) as an information medium. This paper focuses on designs of a molecular communication interface and a molecular propagation system and their preliminary experiments to show the feasibilities.
Multifunctional process to improve surface passivation and carrier transport in industrial n-type silicon heterojunction solar cells by 0.7% absolute (2019)

The commercial uptake of silicon solar cells with passivating contacts is set to accelerate over the next ten years, due to the potential for very high efficiency modules. Of particular interest are silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells, which achieve high voltages by hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) passivation layers. A key challenge for the commercialization of SHJ solar cells is ensuring perfectly tuned a-Si:H and transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layers for optimal surface passivation and avoiding current-transport issues. Here, we demonstrate a new multifunctional post-cell fabrication process to address these challenges and improve both surface passivation and carrier transport in heterojunction solar cells. N-type silicon heterojunction solar cells with a 5-busbar metallisation scheme were fabricated in an industrial environment by CIE Power and subsequently received a high-throughput, multifunctional treatment at UNSW. This leads to significant improvements in the surface passivation, resulting in an increase in the open circuit voltage of 7 mV, from 730 mV to 737 mV, as well as improved carrier transport in the device, resulting in a significant reduction in series resistance from 0.79 Ω·cm2 to 0.37 Ω·cm2, and hence, an improvement in the fill factor of almost 2% absolute. This leads to an improvement in efficiency of 0.7 ± 0.16% absolute, from 22.05% to 22.75%, with a peak efficiency of 22.93%.
Decrease in Rate of Myopia Progression with a Contact Lens Designed to Reduce Relative Peripheral Hyperopia: One-Year Results (2011)

The 12-month data support the hypothesis that reducing peripheral hyperopia can alter central refractive development and reduce the rate of progress of myopia. (chictr.org number, chiCTR-TRC-00000029 or chiCTR-TRC-00000032.).
UVA‐LED device to disinfect hydroponic nutrient solution (2018)

The number of plant factories in which crops are cultivated in an artificial environment has been increasing every year. In cultivation techniques involving hydroponics, plants are supplied with a circulating nutrient solution, which can become contaminated by pathogens that can propagate and spread throughout plant factories. Therefore, strategies to disinfect hydroponic nutrient solutions are needed. In this study, we developed a new disinfection device equipped with an ultraviolet A (UVA) light emitting diode (LED) that can be used to disinfect hydroponic nutrient solutions in plant factories. We first evaluated the basic disinfection capability of the device and then estimated its bactericidal effect in a small scale model system. The log survival ratio was related to UVA irradiation fluence and the volume of nutrient solution. From the assay results, we devised a kinetics equation to describe the relationship between nutrient solution volume, log survival ratio, and UVA fluence. Together our results show that UVA irradiation could be used to disinfect hydroponic nutrient solutions, and the derived kinetics equations can be used to determine optimal conditions, such as nutrient solution volume, UVA irradiation, and killing activity, to develop devices that disinfect hydroponic nutrient solutions. J. Med. Invest. 65:171-176, August, 2018.
Studies of vitamin D (calciferol) and its analogs. 39. Arocalciferols: synthesis and biological evaluation of aromatic side-chain analogs of 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1991)

Aromatic side-chain analogues (arocalciferols 6-9) of the steroid hormone 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1) were synthesized and biologically evaluated. The analogues were prepared by coupling the vitamin D A-ring enyne 14 with the appropriate enol triflate of a modified CD steroid fragment of the type 22. The resulting dienyne 23 was then transformed in three steps to the vitamin D analogues 6-9. Biological evaluation of these analogues have provided information concerning side-chain topographical effects on in vivo and in vitro activity.
Incorporation of atmospheric blurring effects in target acquisition modeling (1994)

Recent investigation of atmospheric modulation transfer function (MTF) in the thermal range has shown significant spatial frequency dependence. This dependence is related to aerosol forward scatter as well as absorption effects, shown to be primary contributors to the blur in thermal imaging through the atmosphere. In this paper, the night vision laboratory (CNVEO) target acquisition search model is revised to include atmospheric MTF spatial frequency dependence. It is shown how the target acquisition probabilities and, conversely, the range at which targets can be detected are changed by the inclusion of atmospheric effects. Under weak turbulence conditions target acquisition probabilities are better than predicted by the CNVEO model at shorter ranges. For very strong turbulence, as at midday on hot days, target acquisition probabilities decrease. The improvement possible by correcting for this blur automatically in real time is significant.
Respiratory Gated PET Derived in a Fully Automated Manner From Raw PET Data (2009)

Respiratory motion in PET degrades image quality and limits detectability of small or low-contrast lesions. Although image quality can be improved using respiratory-gating, this adds to the complexity and expense of acquiring PET data. We aimed to develop a data-driven method, based on individual voxel signal fluctuations, for accomplishing electronic respiratory gating of clinical PET data, requiring no additional hardware or end-user input. We tested our methods using both simulated PET scans and actual human PET acquisitions. For the simulations, our methods correctly identified the start frame of each respiratory cycle defined for the phantom. Resultant gated images demonstrated improved effective resolution and increased measured uptake for lesions located in the thorax. For human PET data, we were able to recover respiratory phase information with a high signal-to-noise ratio. We report here a method to achieve fully automated voxel-based respiratory gating of PET images, without the need for gating hardware or additional user input, capable of improving effective resolution and increasing lesion detectability.
A method for producing carbon nanotubes directly from plant materials (2009)

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were produced from plant materials using a cyclic oxidation process after the raw materials were pretreated by oxidative carbonization in air at about 240°C. The cyclic oxidation process was found to be more effective than a continuous heating process in ablating the residual carbon from cellulose. The results also indicated that no CNTs were produced unless a preoxidation process was used, or when the cyclic oxidation temperature increased beyond 600°C. Implications of this work for practical applications are discussed.
Coherent micromirror arrays (2002)

A one-dimensional, spatial light phase modulator consists of a coherent array of programmable micromirrors. Each micromirror has rotation as well as elevation control to permit high-fidelity, piecewise linear approximations to a desired spatial phase profile. We demonstrate programmable, coherent spatial modulation by configuring a four-micromirror array to act as a blazed diffraction grating, showing five diffraction orders. In sharp contrast, adjustment of each mirror elevation converts the grating into the equivalent of a single, large tilted mirror that reflects only in a new specular direction. Higher-order diffraction is effectively suppressed.
Microwave-promoted Synthesis of Methoxylated Benzaldehydes from Natural <i>cis</i>-Phenylpropenes Using NaIO4/OsO4 (cat.) (2003)

Abstract Microwave-promoted rapid oxidation of toxic natural cis-phenylpropenes (1a–1e) into high valued methoxylated benzaldehydes (2a–2e) was achieved within 2 min in high yield (71–84%) by reacting with sodium metaperiodate in the presence of catalytic amount of osmium tetraoxide (co-oxidant) and benzyltriethylammonium chloride (PTC).
Biocatalytic Oxidation of 2-Methylquinoxaline to 2-Quinoxalinecarboxylic Acid (2002)

A microbial process using the fungus Absidia repens ATCC 14849 is described for the oxidation of 2-methylquinoxaline to 2-quinoxalinecarboxylic acid. A campaign consisting of three 14000-L runs produced 20.5 kg of the acid with a 28% overall yield. The bioconversion gave a lower yield compared with a three step chemical synthesis (35%), but was carried out in one pot, and avoided safety issues with a di-N-oxide intermediate. Although successfully scaled to produce kilograms of 2-quinoxalinecarboxylic acid for synthesis of a drug candidate, the A. repens bioconversion is unsuitable for further scale-up due to low product concentration (∼1 g/L). A second microbial process using Pseudomonas putida ATCC 33015 is also described for the oxidation of 2-methylquinoxaline. The P. putida bioconversion gave an 86% in situ yield at 8-L scale and yielded a product concentration approximately 10-fold greater than that of the A. repens bioconversion.
Compact, single-frequency, doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator pumped in an achromatic phase-adapted double-pass geometry (2011)

We report on a nested-cavity, doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator (NesCOPO) architecture for widely tunable, mid-IR, single-frequency generation. By use of an achromatic phase-adapted double-pass pumping scheme, this new, low-threshold, semimonolithic architecture only requires two free-standing cavity mirrors and a nonlinear crystal with a mirror coating deposited on its input facet while the other facet is antireflection coated. It is thus as simple and compact as any basic linear optical parametric oscillator cavity, is easily tunable, and displays low sensitivity to mechanical vibrations. Using a high-repetition-rate (4.8 kHz) microlaser as the pump source of the NesCOPO, we demonstrate a compact source that provides pulsed, stable single-frequency output over a wide spectral range (3.8-4.3 μm) with a high peak power (up to 50 W), which are properties well suited for practical gas sensing applications.
ChemInform Abstract: Antagonists of the Kappa Opioid Receptor (2014)

Abstract Review: 67 refs.
Combining chemotherapeutic agents and netrin‐1 interference potentiates cancer cell death (2013)

The secreted factor netrin-1 is upregulated in a fraction of human cancers as a mechanism to block apoptosis induced by netrin-1 dependence receptors DCC and UNC5H. Targeted therapies aiming to trigger tumour cell death via netrin-1/receptors interaction interference are under preclinical evaluation. We show here that Doxorubicin, 5-Fluorouracil, Paclitaxel and Cisplatin treatments trigger, in various human cancer cell lines, an increase of netrin-1 expression which is accompanied by netrin-1 receptors increase. This netrin-1 upregulation which appears to be p53-dependent is a survival mechanism as netrin-1 silencing by siRNA is associated with a potentiation of cancer cell death upon Doxorubicin treatment. We show that candidate drugs interfering with netrin-1/netrin-1 receptors interactions potentiate Doxorubicin, Cisplatin or 5-Fluorouracil-induced cancer cell death in vitro. Moreover, in a model of xenografted nude mice, we show that systemic Doxorubicin treatment triggers netrin-1 upregulation in the tumour but not in normal organs, enhancing and prolonging tumour growth inhibiting effect of a netrin-1 interfering drug. Together these data suggest that combining conventional chemotherapies with netrin-1 interference could be a promising therapeutic approach.
IP lookups using multiway and multicolumn search (1999)

IP address lookup is becoming critical because of increasing routing table sizes, speed, and traffic in the Internet. Given a set S of prefixes and an IP address D, the IP address lookup problem is to find the longest matching prefix of D in set S. This paper shows how binary search can be adapted for solving the best-matching prefix problem. Next, we show how to improve the performance of any best-matching prefix scheme using an initial array indexed by the first X bits of the address. We then describe how to take advantage of cache line size to do a multiway search with six-way branching. Finally, we show how to extend the binary search solution and the multiway search solution for IPv6. For a database of N prefixes with address length W, naive binary search would take O(W*log N); we show how to reduce this to O(W+log N) using multiple-column binary search. Measurements using a practical (Mae-East) database of 38000 entries yield a worst-case lookup time of 490 ns, five times faster than the Patricia trie scheme used in BSD UNIX. Our scheme is attractive for IPv6 because of its small storage requirement (2N nodes) and speed (estimated worst case of 7 cache line reads per lookup).
Abstract 78: Hippo Pathway and Dystrophin Glycoprotein Complex Regulate Cardiomyocyte Proliferation (2017)

Regeneration of mammalian heart is limited due to the extremely low renewal rate of cardiomyocytes and their inability to reenter the cell cycle. The Hippo pathway controls heart size during development and represses postnatal heart regeneration by repressing cardiomyocyte proliferation. Our approach for activating adult heart regeneration is to uncover the mechanisms responsible for repression of cardiomyocyte proliferation. We have previously found that deletion of Salv, a modulator of the Hippo pathway, results in myocardial damage repair in postnatal and adult hearts. Deletion of Salv results in activation of the transcription factor, Yap, which positively regulates cytoskeleton and cell cycle genes. We also found that the components of dystrophin glycoprotein complex (DGC) are the target of Yap and DGC regulates heart regeneration. The dystrophin glycoprotein complex (DGC) is essential for muscle maintenance by anchoring the cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix. Disruption of the DGC results in muscular dystrophies, including Duchenne muscular dystrophy, resulting in both skeletal and cardiac myopathies. To explore the connection between DGC and the Hippo pathway, we conditionally deleted Salv in the mdx background, a mouse model of muscular dystrophy. We found that simultaneous disruption of the DGC and the Hippo pathway leads an increased cardiomyocyte proliferation after heart damage. This is associated with increased activity of Yap, suggesting DGC negatively regulate Yap to repress proliferation. We also found that one of the components DGC, dystroglycan directly binds Yap and anchors to the membrane. Our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms leading to heart repair through proliferation of endogenous cardiomyocytes.
Fine Specificity of Plasmodium vivax Duffy Binding Protein Binding Engagement of the Duffy Antigen on Human Erythrocytes (2012)

Plasmodium vivax invasion of human erythrocytes requires interaction of the P. vivax Duffy binding protein (PvDBP) with its host receptor, the Duffy antigen (Fy) on the erythrocyte surface. Consequently, PvDBP is a leading vaccine candidate. The binding domain of PvDBP lies in a cysteine-rich portion of the molecule called region II (PvDBPII). PvDBPII contains three distinct subdomains based upon intramolecular disulfide bonding patterns. Subdomain 2 (SD2) is highly polymorphic and is thought to contain many key residues for binding to Fy, while SD1 and SD3 are comparatively conserved and their role in Fy binding is not well understood. To examine the relative contributions of the different subdomains to binding to Fy and their abilities to elicit strain-transcending binding-inhibitory antibodies, we evaluated recombinant proteins from SD1+2, SD2, SD3, and SD3+, which includes 24 residues of SD2. All of the recombinant subdomains, except for SD2, bound variably to human erythrocytes, with constructs containing SD3 showing the best binding. Antisera raised in laboratory animals against SD3, SD3+, and SD2+3 inhibited the binding of full-length PvDBPII, which is strain transcending, whereas antisera generated to SD1+2 and SD2 failed to generate blocking antibodies. All of the murine monoclonal antibodies generated to full-length PvDBPII that had significant binding-inhibitory activity recognized only SD3. Thus, SD3 binds Fy and elicits blocking antibodies, indicating that it contains residues critical to Fy binding that could be the basis of a strain-transcending candidate vaccine against P. vivax.
MetPAD: A bioassay kit for the specific determination of heavy metal toxicity in sediments from hazardous waste sites (1992)

Abstract MetPAD TM , a bioassay kit designed for the specific determination of heavy metal toxicity in environmental samples, was evaluated for toxicity assessment of sediment elutriates from hazardous waste sites in Florida. MetPAD, when run concurrently with Microtox® was useful in pinpointing sediments with heavy metal toxicity. MetPAD results were confirmed by heavy metal analysis of the samples. The MetPAD bioassay for the specific detection of the presence of bioavailable heavy metals should be included in test batteries for toxicity assessment of sediments. © 1992 John Wiley & sons, Inc.