gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A reconfigurable multi-ratio charge pump with wide input/output voltage range for wireless energy harvesting system (2018)

A charge pump (CP) with reconfigurable multi-ratio is proposed for wireless energy harvesting system, which has almost eight ratios with small step to suit for wide input or output voltage range applications. Six flying capacitors are adopted to generate different conversion ratios (CRs) from ×0.25 to ×2 with step of 0.25. The CR of the CP is determined by input voltage and on-chip control unit. Thus, an almost constant output voltage is obtained in a wide input voltage range. Besides, the MOS switches of the CP are driven by a two-phase non-overlapping clock to reduce quiescent current and improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE). As a result, a configurable CP is achieved by using a standard 0.35 μm CMOS process with 1.7 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> die area (include PADs.) The output voltage of the CP can be kept almost constant at 3.6 V when Vin varies from 1.77 V to 4.80 V. The PCE is over 80% no matter which CR is, and the maximum PCE of 93.8% is achieved when Vin=3.6 and CR=1 @ 1.2 KΩ load resistance. The wide input/output voltage range and PCE of the proposed CP shows its good practicality for DC-DC converter of wireless energy harvesting system.
Double Strand Breaks in DNA Inhibit Nucleotide Excision Repair in Vitro (1996)

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) was measured in human cell extracts incubated with either supercoiled or linearized damaged plasmid DNA as repair substrate. NER, as quantified by the extent of repair synthesis activity, was reduced by up to 80% in the case of linearized plasmid DNA when compared with supercoiled DNA. An excess of undamaged linearized plasmid in the repair mixture did not interfere with DNA repair synthesis activity on a supercoiled damaged plasmid, indicating a cis-acting inhibiting effect. In contrast, gaps on circular or linearized plasmids were filled in identically by the DNA polymerases operating in the extracts. When the extent of damage-dependent incision activity was measured, a approximately 70% reduction of repair incision activity by human cell extract was observed on linearized damaged plasmids. Recessed, protruding, or blunt ends were similarly inhibitory. NER activity was partly restored when the extracts were preincubated with autoimmune human sera containing antibodies against the nuclear DNA end-binding heterodimer Ku. In addition, the inhibition of repair activity on linear damaged plasmids was released in extracts from rodent cells deficient in Ku activity but not in extracts from murine scid cells devoid of Ku-associated DNA-dependent kinase activity.
Characteristics of a grating-external-cavity semiconductor laser containing intracavity prism beam expanders (1992)

A grating tuned external cavity semiconductor laser incorporating a gradient-index rod lens and a pair of intracavity silicon prism beam expanders was constructed using a configuration aimed at simultaneously achieving the following objectives: the ability to operate at any external cavity longitudinal mode without tuning gaps caused by residual resonances of the laser diode cavity, stable feedback coupling between the diode and external cavities, narrow optical linewidth, and a high degree of external cavity longitudinal sidemode suppression.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Druggable negative allosteric site of P2X3 receptors (2018)

Allosteric modulation provides exciting opportunities for drug discovery of enzymes, ion channels, and G protein-coupled receptors. As cation channels gated by extracellular ATP, P2X receptors have attracted wide attention as new drug targets. Although small molecules targeting P2X receptors have entered into clinical trials for rheumatoid arthritis, cough, and pain, negative allosteric modulation of these receptors remains largely unexplored. Here, combining X-ray crystallography, computational modeling, and functional studies of channel mutants, we identified a negative allosteric site on P2X3 receptors, fostered by the left flipper (LF), lower body (LB), and dorsal fin (DF) domains. Using two structurally analogous subtype-specific allosteric inhibitors of P2X3, AF-353 and AF-219, the latter being a drug candidate under phase II clinical trials for refractory chronic cough and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, we defined the molecular interactions between the drugs and receptors and the mechanism by which allosteric changes in the LF, DF, and LB domains modulate ATP activation of P2X3. Our detailed characterization of this druggable allosteric site should inspire new strategies to develop P2X3-specific allosteric modulators for clinical use.
NAT/Firewall NSIS Signaling Layer Protocol (NSLP) (2010)

This memo defines the NSIS Signaling Layer Protocol (NSLP) for Network Address Translators (NATs) and firewalls. This NSLP allows hosts to signal on the data path for NATs and firewalls to be configured according to the needs of the application data flows. For instance, it enables hosts behind NATs to obtain a publicly reachable address and hosts behind firewalls to receive data traffic. The overall architecture is given by the framework and requirements defined by the Next Steps in Signaling (NSIS) working group. The network scenarios, the protocol itself, and examples for path-coupled signaling are given in this memo.
Priming of Plant Growth Promotion by Volatiles of Root-Associated Microbacterium spp (2018)

Volatile compounds produced by plant-associated microorganisms represent a diverse resource to promote plant growth and health. Here, we investigated the effect of volatiles from root-associated <i>Microbacterium</i> species on plant growth and development. Volatiles of eight strains induced significant increases in shoot and root biomass of <i>Arabidopsis</i> but differed in their effects on root architecture. <i>Microbacterium</i> strain EC8 also enhanced root and shoot biomass of lettuce and tomato. Biomass increases were also observed for plants exposed only briefly to volatiles from EC8 prior to transplantation of the seedlings to soil. These results indicate that volatiles from EC8 can prime plants for growth promotion without direct and prolonged contact. We further showed that the induction of plant growth promotion is tissue specific; that is, exposure of roots to volatiles from EC8 led to an increase in plant biomass, whereas shoot exposure resulted in no or less growth promotion. Gas chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectometry (GC-QTOF-MS) analysis revealed that EC8 produces a wide array of sulfur-containing compounds, as well as ketones. Bioassays with synthetic sulfur volatile compounds revealed that the plant growth response to dimethyl trisulfide was concentration-dependent, with a significant increase in shoot weight at 1 μM and negative effects on plant biomass at concentrations higher than 1 mM. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of volatile-exposed <i>Arabidopsis</i> seedlings showed upregulation of genes involved in assimilation and transport of sulfate and nitrate. Collectively, these results show that root-associated <i>Microbacterium</i> primes plants, via the roots, for growth promotion, most likely via modulation of sulfur and nitrogen metabolism.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> In the past decade, various studies have described the effects of microbial volatiles on other (micro)organisms <i>in vitro</i>, but their broad-spectrum activity <i>in vivo</i> and the mechanisms underlying volatile-mediated plant growth promotion have not been addressed in detail. Here, we revealed that volatiles from root-associated bacteria of the genus <i>Microbacterium</i> can enhance the growth of different plant species and can prime plants for growth promotion without direct and prolonged contact between the bacterium and the plant. Collectively, these results provide new opportunities for sustainable agriculture and horticulture by exposing roots of plants only briefly to a specific blend of microbial volatile compounds prior to transplantation of the seedlings to the greenhouse or field. This strategy has no need for large-scale introduction or root colonization and survival of the microbial inoculant.
Learning QoE of Mobile Video Transmission With Deep Neural Network: A Data-Driven Approach (2019)

Quality of experience (QoE) serves as a direct evaluation of users' experiences in mobile video transmission and thus essential for network management, such as network optimization. In this paper, we propose a deep learning-based QoE prediction approach with a large-scale QoE dataset for mobile video transmission. Specifically, we develop a mobile phone application for collecting user QoE data when viewing videos transmitted over the mobile internet in a practical environment. Then, we construct a large-scale dataset by collecting over 80000 piece of data with four kinds of subjective scores and 89 network parameters. Each QoE metric is related to only some of the 89 network parameters. Therefore, we apply the feature selection method to find the feature parameters related to user scores. Additionally, the boxplot method is used to clean the raw data by removing outliers. Finally, a deep neural network (DNN) is developed to learn the relationships between the network parameters and the subjective QoE scores. The proposed DNN can also be seen as a data-driven objective QoE prediction approach for mobile video transmission, which can be used to predict the user QoE scores. The experimental results show that the proposed approach can effectively remove most features irrelevant to QoE prediction. Moreover, the performance of QoE prediction by the proposed model outperforms other state-of-the-art approaches.
A Conceptual Secure Blockchain Based Electronic Voting System (2017)

Blockchain is offering new opportunities to develop new types of digital services. While research on the topic is still emerging, it has mostly focused on the technical and legal issues instead of taking advantage of this novel concept and creating advanced digital services. In this paper, we are going to leverage the open source Blockchain technology to propose a design for a new electronic voting system that could be used in local or national elections. The Blockchain-based system will be secure, reliable, and anonymous, and will help increase the number of voters as well as the trust of people in their governments.
The Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Erectile Function Recovery in a Rat Cavernous Nerve Injury Model (2008)

HBOT following a CN injury improved EF preservation in this model, supporting the cavernosal oxygenation concept as protective mechanism for EF. The effects appear to be mediated via preservation of neurotrophic and endothelial factor expression.
IL-33 Exacerbates Autoantibody-Induced Arthritis (2010)

Rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis comprises dysregulation in both innate and adaptive immunity. There is therefore intense interest in the factors that integrate these immunologic pathways in rheumatoid arthritis. In this paper, we report that IL-33, a novel member of the IL-1 family, can exacerbate anti-glucose-6-phosphate isomerase autoantibody-induced arthritis (AIA). Mice lacking ST2 (ST2(-/-)), the IL-33 receptor alpha-chain, developed attenuated AIA and reduced expression of articular proinflammatory cytokines. Conversely, treatment of wild-type mice with rIL-33 significantly exacerbated AIA and markedly enhanced proinflammatory cytokine production. However, IL-33 failed to increase the severity of the disease in mast cell-deficient or ST2(-/-) mice. Furthermore, mast cells from wild-type, but not ST2(-/-), mice restored the ability of ST2(-/-) recipients to mount an IL-33-mediated exacerbation of AIA. IL-33 also enhanced autoantibody-mediated mast cell degranulation in vitro and in synovial tissue in vivo. Together these results demonstrate that IL-33 can enhance autoantibody-mediated articular inflammation via promoting mast cell degranulation and proinflammatory cytokine production. Because IL-33 is derived predominantly from synovial fibroblasts, this finding provides a novel mechanism whereby a host tissue-derived cytokine can regulate effector adaptive immune response via enhancing innate cellular activation in inflammatory arthritis.
High-Efficiency Capillary Isoelectric Focusing of Peptides (2000)

Several approaches are presently being developed for global proteome characterization that are based upon the analysis of polypeptide mixtures resulting from digestion of (often complex) mixtures of proteins. Improved methods for peptide analysis are needed that provide for sample concentration, higher resolution separations, and direct compatibility with mass spectrometry. In this work, methods for the high-efficiency capillary isoelectric focusing (CIEF) separation of peptides have been developed that provide for simultaneous sample concentration and separation according to peptide isoelectric point. Under typical nondenaturing CIEF conditions, peptides are concentrated approximately 500-fold, and peptides present at < 1 ng/ microL were detectable using conventional UV detection. CIEF separations of peptides provided much faster measurements of isoelectric points compared with conventional isoelectric focusing in gels. Very small differences in peptide isoelectric points (deltapI approximately 0.01) could be resolved, High-efficiency CIEF separations for complex peptide mixtures from tryptic digestion of yeast cytosol fractions were obtained and showed significant improvement over those obtained using capillary zone electrophoresis and packed capillary reversed-phase liquid chromatography.
<scp>d</scp> -Alanylation of Teichoic Acids Promotes Group A <i>Streptococcus</i> Antimicrobial Peptide Resistance, Neutrophil Survival, and Epithelial Cell Invasion (2005)

Group A streptococcus (GAS) is a leading cause of severe, invasive human infections, including necrotizing fasciitis and toxic shock syndrome. An important element of the mammalian innate defense system against invasive bacterial infections such as GAS is the production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) such as cathelicidins. In this study, we identify a specific GAS phenotype that confers resistance to host AMPs. Allelic replacement of the dltA gene encoding d-alanine-d-alanyl carrier protein ligase in an invasive serotype M1 GAS isolate led to loss of teichoic acid d-alanylation and an increase in net negative charge on the bacterial surface. Compared to the wild-type (WT) parent strain, the GAS DeltadltA mutant exhibited increased susceptibility to AMP and lysozyme killing and to acidic pH. While phagocytic uptake of WT and DeltadltA mutants by human neutrophils was equivalent, neutrophil-mediated killing of the DeltadltA strain was greatly accelerated. Furthermore, we observed the DeltadltA mutant to be diminished in its ability to adhere to and invade cultured human pharyngeal epithelial cells, a likely proximal step in the pathogenesis of invasive infection. Thus, teichoic acid d-alanylation may contribute in multiple ways to the propensity of invasive GAS to bypass mucosal defenses and produce systemic infection.
Fractions in the canonical-signed-digit number system (2001)

Canonical-signed-digit (CSD) coefficient representations lead to efficient add/subtract networks for hardwired DSP multiplies of two’s complement signals. CSD has always been considered a fixed-point system, and available conversion algorithms oper-ate on integers. Using methods applicable to many simple num-ber systems, we rederive CSD for fractional numbers, derive a simple floating-point recursion for converting fractions to CSD, and briefly examine the associated truncation error. 1
Linear-size approximate voronoi diagrams (2002)

Given a set S of n points in IRd, a (t, e)-approximate Voronoi diagram (AVD) is a partition of space into constant complexity cells, where each cell c is associated with t representative points of S, such that for any point in c, one of the associated representatives approximates the nearest neighbor to within a factor of (1 + e). The goal is to minimize the number and complexity of the cells in the AVD. We show that it is possible to construct an AVD consisting of O(n/ed) cells for t = 1, and O(n) cells for t = O(1/e(d-1)/2). In general, for a real parameter 2 ≤ γ ≤ 1/e, we show that it is possible to construct a (t, e)-AVD consisting of O(nγd) cells for t = O(1/(eγ)(d-1)/2). The cells in these AVDs are cubes or differences of two cubes. All these structures can be used to efficiently answer approximate nearest neighbor queries. Our algorithms are based on the well-separated pair decomposition and are very simple.
Quantitative sensing of nanoscale colloids using a microchip Coulter counter (2001)

We have fabricated a microchip Coulter counter on a quartz substrate, and have used it to detect individual nanoscale colloidal particles with a sensitivity proportional to each particle's size. We demonstrate the ability of this device to sense colloids as small as 87 nm diameter, and to distinguish between colloids whose diameters differ by less than 10%. Further reductions in the pore size, easily done with current nanofabrication techniques, make our device applicable to measuring biological macromolecules, such as DNA and proteins.
Surface modification and cleaning enhancement of TaSi(N) films with dilute hydrofluoric acid (2000)

Amorphous TaSi(N) alloy films are of great interest for application in the fabrication of reticles for next generation lithography and for incorporation into semiconductor devices as barrier layers for Cu processing. The stress characteristics of TaSi(N) films are critical when used as an absorber on x-ray and extreme ultraviolet lithography masks, or as a scatterer for electron projection lithography masks. One little understood, but critical characteristic of these films, is that they undergo a stress change towards a less tensile or more compressive state upon interaction with a buffered oxide etch (BOE). We have investigated the cause of this behavior using synchrotron radiation based high-resolution core level (Ta 4f and Si 2p) photoemission spectroscopy. Our results indicate that, upon interaction with a BOE, the surface oxide undergoes a major reorganization and the Ta gets heavily oxidized, resulting in the formation of Ta2O5. Such a reaction would lead to a buildup of strain in the oxidized region, which we interpret as being the contributing factor for the observed stress changes in the TaSi(N) thin films. Furthermore, annealing the surface results in a significant reduction of the oxide desorbtion temperature from 650 to 450 °C due to the HF interaction. This can be attributed to a change in the bonding configuration by HF, wherein the Si–O bonds are broken and weak Ta–O bonds are formed, causing the loosely bonded oxide to desorb at lower temperatures.
Linalool isomerase, a membrane-anchored enzyme in the anaerobic monoterpene degradation in Thauera linaloolentis 47Lol (2016)

The linalool isomerase from T. linaloolentis 47Lol represents a second member of the enzyme class 5.4.4.4, next to the linalool dehydratase/isomerase from C. defragrans 65Phen. Besides considerable amino acid sequence similarity both enzymes share common characteristics with respect to substrate affinity, pH and temperature optima, but differ in the dehydratase activity and the turnover of linalool isomers.
The FaceBase Consortium: A comprehensive program to facilitate craniofacial research (2020)

The FaceBase Consortium consists of ten interlinked research and technology projects whose goal is to generate craniofacial research data and technology for use by the research community through a central data management and integrated bioinformatics hub. Funded by the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) and currently focused on studying the development of the middle region of the face, the Consortium will produce comprehensive datasets of global gene expression patterns, regulatory elements and sequencing; will generate anatomical and molecular atlases; will provide human normative facial data and other phenotypes; conduct follow up studies of a completed genome-wide association study; generate independent data on the genetics of craniofacial development, build repositories of animal models and of human samples and data for community access and analysis; and will develop software tools and animal models for analyzing and functionally testing and integrating these data. The FaceBase website (http://www.facebase.org) will serve as a web home for these efforts, providing interactive tools for exploring these datasets, together with discussion forums and other services to support and foster collaboration within the craniofacial research community.
Distributed framework for real-time multimedia object communication (2002)

We highlight major technical requirements for designing and developing future distributed multimedia information systems using Internet technology. The key requirements of this system are to allow users to access and search and to communicate multimedia documents consisting of text, audio, video and images. We emphasize the role of object-oriented technology for information management and real-time communication protocols to guarantee QoS. We present a reference architecture for a Web-based real-time distributed multimedia system which integrates enabling technologies including real-time streaming, multimedia indexing and searching and distributed object management.
Low-Power, High-Performance Architecture of the PWRficient Processor Family (2007)

The dual-core PA6T-1682M system on chip (SoC) is the first design in the PWRficient family of high-performance, low-power processor designs that target server-class performance with low power consumption. the heart of the PA6T-1682M is the PA6T core, which implements the 64-bit IBM power architecture. The SoC implements extensive features that support embedded and mobile low-power applications.
A scan for genetic determinants of human hair morphology: EDAR is associated with Asian hair thickness (2007)

Hair morphology is one of the most differentiated traits among human populations. However, genetic backgrounds of hair morphological differences among populations have not been clarified yet. In addition, little is known about the evolutionary forces that have acted on hair morphology. To identify hair morphology-determining genes, the levels of local genetic differentiation in 170 genes that are related to hair morphogenesis were evaluated by using data from the International HapMap project. Among highly differentiated genes, ectodysplasin A receptor (EDAR) harboring an Asian-specific non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (1540T/C, 370Val/Ala) was identified as a strong candidate. Association studies between genotypes and hair morphology revealed that the Asian-specific 1540C allele is associated with increase in hair thickness. Reporter gene assays suggested that 1540T/C affects the activity of the downstream transcription factor NF-kappaB. It was inferred from geographic distribution of 1540T/C and the long-range haplotype test that 1540C arose after the divergence of Asians from Europeans and its frequency has rapidly increased in East Asian populations. These findings lead us to conclude that EDAR is a major genetic determinant of Asian hair thickness and the 1540C allele spread through Asian populations due to recent positive selection.