gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Implantable Depot That Can Generate Oxygen in Situ for Overcoming Hypoxia-Induced Resistance to Anticancer Drugs in Chemotherapy (2016)

In the absence of adequate oxygen, cancer cells that are grown in hypoxic solid tumors resist treatment using antitumor drugs (such as doxorubicin, DOX), owing to their attenuated intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy favorably improves oxygen transport to the hypoxic tumor tissues, thereby increasing the sensitivity of tumor cells to DOX. However, the use of HBO with DOX potentiates the ROS-mediated cytotoxicity of the drug toward normal tissues. In this work, we hypothesize that regional oxygen treatment by an implanted oxygen-generating depot may enhance the cytotoxicity of DOX against malignant tissues in a highly site-specific manner, without raising systemic oxygen levels. Upon implantation close to the tumor, the oxygen-generating depot reacts with the interstitial medium to produce oxygen in situ, effectively shrinking the hypoxic regions in the tumor tissues. Increasing the local availability of oxygen causes the cytotoxicity of DOX that is accumulated in the tumors to be significantly enhanced by the elevated production of ROS, ultimately allaying the hypoxia-induced DOX resistance in solid malignancies. Importantly, this enhancement of cytotoxicity is limited to the site of the tumors, and this feature of the system that is proposed herein is unique.
Prise en charge coordonnée de la complexité en soins primaires et qualité de vie perçue : évaluation quantitative du protocole proposée par l'équipe pluriprofessionnelle SENS au sein d'une maison de santé pluriprofessionnelle (MSP) à La Réunion (2019)

Introduction : La complexite, definie selon les criteres de la securite sociale (« accord conventionnel interprofessionnel »), est un enjeu de sante publique. La prevalence est estimee a ¼ des patients de soins primaires, representant jusqu’a 80 % des couts du systeme de sante. Depuis 2017, l’equipe de la maison de sante pluriprofessionnelle (MSP) SENS a La Reunion met en œuvre son protocole de coordination cas complexe (CCC), tres proche du plan personnalise de coordination de sante de la HAS 2019, avec un parcours de soins coordonnes par un case manager. Le protocole CCC permet-il une amelioration de la qualite de vie percue de ces patients apres la prise en charge ?
Methode : Etude prospective, quantitative, monocentrique. Les patients inclus etaient majeurs, issus de la patientele de la MSP, en situation complexe. La qualite de vie a ete mesuree par l’auto questionnaire MOS SF 36 lors de l’inclusion puis a 3 mois de la prise en charge. Les resultats s’exprimaient sous forme de scores resumes globaux, physique (PCS) et mentaux (MCS). Un test des rangs signes de Wilcoxon a ete applique.
Resultats : 20 patients ont ete inclus sur une periode de 9 mois. L’echantillon etait compose de 18 femmes et 2 hommes, de 17 a 72 ans, 40 % avec un travail, 15 % en situation precaire, 40 % polypathologique. Le profil majoritaire de la complexite etait psychologique. L’etude montre une amelioration significative des scores physique (PCS) (p < 0.0169) et mental (MOS) (p < 0.0036) de la MOS SF 36 apres 3 mois de prise en charge.
Conclusion : Le protocole CCC a montre son interet pour la prise en charge des situations complexes en soins primaires pour l’equipe SENS.
Web information extraction for content augmentation (2003)

Today, users have to cope with an overwhelming number of TV channels and Web content sources. We introduce automatic content augmentation as a novel approach to contextual information extraction on behalf of the user where the context is provided by the primary content source (i.e. TV channel) and tailored by the user's preferences. A key aspect of this approach is Web information extraction (WebIE) which automatically derives structured information from unstructured Web documents. Our system executes WebIE tasks, each an instantiation of WebIE rules, our generic document processors. We present two WebIE approaches: diffusion WebIE that crawls a wide set of Web pages and extracts information from a subset of the pertinent pages; and laser WebIE that accesses a select set of Web pages and extracts narrowly defined information. We describe the architecture and the implementation details of the system and provide detailed laser WebIE examples.
Mobile Web services discovery and invocation through auto-generation of abstract multimodal interface (2005)

With the advancement in wireless technologies in general and mobile devices capabilities in particular, ubiquitous access of mobile Web services continues to be in the focal point of research. This paper presents a novel architecture for discovery and invocation of mobile Web services through automatically generated abstract multimodal user interface for these services. A prototype has been developed to auto-generate user interface based on XForms and VoiceXml from a WDSL file. In this proposed architecture, the discovered Web services are invoked dynamically with a transparent mechanism. Moreover, the proposed architecture is a component-based architecture that provides its core functionality as Web services.
Dynamic job shop scheduling based on Petri net and PSO algorithm (2008)

A Petri net with restrictive conditions is used to model discrete events in the dynamic job shop scheduling,and give the particle swarm optimization algorithm.The method is used to optimize the dynamic job shop scheduling problem.The simulation results show that the method is effective.
GNNExplainer: Generating Explanations for Graph Neural Networks (2019)

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are a powerful tool for machine learning on graphs.GNNs combine node feature information with the graph structure by recursively passing neural messages along edges of the input graph. However, incorporating both graph structure and feature information leads to complex models, and explaining predictions made by GNNs remains unsolved. Here we propose GNNExplainer, the first general, model-agnostic approach for providing interpretable explanations for predictions of any GNN-based model on any graph-based machine learning task. Given an instance, GNNExplainer identifies a compact subgraph structure and a small subset of node features that have a crucial role in GNN's prediction. Further, GNNExplainer can generate consistent and concise explanations for an entire class of instances. We formulate GNNExplainer as an optimization task that maximizes the mutual information between a GNN's prediction and distribution of possible subgraph structures. Experiments on synthetic and real-world graphs show that our approach can identify important graph structures as well as node features, and outperforms baselines by 17.1% on average. GNNExplainer provides a variety of benefits, from the ability to visualize semantically relevant structures to interpretability, to giving insights into errors of faulty GNNs.
Synthetic Applications of Intramolecular Insertion in Arylcarbenes. IV. o-Alkoxy-, Dialkylamino- and Alkylthio-1-phenylethylidenes (1979)

A series of 1-phenylethylidenes, substituted in the ortho -position by alkoxy, dialkylamino and alkylthio side chains containing up to three carbon atoms, has been generated in the gas phase and pyrolysed at 250-750º/0.05-0.30 mm. Carbene insertion to form five-membered heterocyclic rings predominates, with up to 20% Bamford-Stevens insertion, to give the styrenes; little or no formation of six-membered rings is observed. In cases where stereoselective insertion is possible, the trans -disubstituted heterocycle is formed preferentially, the selectivity being greatest in the case of dialkylamino substitution. The mechanisms involved are discussed in terms of transition state geometry.
Perceptual threshold and neuronal excitability as long‐term safety evaluation in retinal implants (2010)

Abstract Purpose Despite the recent progress of retinal implants the effects of continuing stimulation still remains an open issue. Sofar the established safety limits are based on laboratory findings and clinical observations.This study examined the changes of perceptual threshold over time and its relation to longterm stimulation. The goal of the study was to establish stimulus induced depression of neuronal excitability (SIDNE) measurements as a method to gain further insight on the safety profile of epiretinal implants. Methods As part of a clinical trial a prototype of an epiretinal implant ( IMI Intelligent medical implant) with 61 active platinum electrodes was implanted in a retinitis pigmentosa (RP) patient. The threshold was defined as the level of stimulation intensity at which the patient had a visual perception in a defined probability of 50% using the Best‐PEST method. SIDNE is measured by comparing the thresholds of two electrodes obtained at the beginning and at the end of a stimulation session. One electrode is actively used during the stimulation, the other remains passive. The stimulation is regarded as safe when the threshold raise of active electrodes is not significantly higher than of the inactive electrode. Results The threshold remained stable over the observation period. The threshold raise of the active electrodes never exceeded that of the inactive electrode. Conclusion SIDNE measurement is feasible in epiretinal implants. After prolonged stimulation the thresholds may increase by more than 16 % due to the patients fading concentration, however the stimulation was performed within the safety limits.
FEEDBACK ON A PUBLICLY DISTRIBUTED IMAGE DATABASE: THE MESSIDOR DATABASE (2014)

The Messidor database, which contains hundreds of eye fundus images, has been publicly distributed since 2008. It was created by the Messidor project in order to evaluate automatic lesion segmentation and diabetic retinopathy grading methods. Designing, producing and maintaining such a database entails significant costs. By publicly sharing it, one hopes to bring a valuable resource to the public research community. However, the real interest and benefit of the research community is not easy to quantify. We analyse here the feedback on the Messidor database, after more than 6 years of diffusion. This analysis should apply to other similar research databases.
Mapping axillary microbiota responsible for body odours using a culture-independent approach (2015)

Positive and negative correlations between bacterial taxa found at the phylum, genus and OTU levels suggest the existence of mutualism and competition among skin bacteria. Such interactions, and the types and quantities of underarm bacteria, affect the formation of body odours. These findings open the possibility of developing new solutions for odour control.
Synthesis of 3,4,5-trisubstituted isoxazoles via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition/SO<sub>2</sub>extrusion of benzoisothiazole-2,2-dioxide-3-ylidenes with nitrile oxides (2016)

An straightforward synthesis of 3,4,5-trisubstituted isoxazole derivatives<italic>via</italic>1,3-dipolar cycloaddtion/SO<sub>2</sub>extrusion of benzoisothiazole-2,2-dioxide-3-ylidenes with nitrile oxides is reported using 4 Å molecular sieves as dehydrochlorinating agent.
What we Believe is what we Do (1999)

It is normal human behaviour to join groups. Part of our identity as human beings is tied up in the groups to which we belong. We remain in these groups because they make us feel good about who we are. We define people outside our group as different from us. Our discomfort with that difference is a normal human reaction to a person who is a member of a ‘not us’ group (Turner & Louis, 1996). What we, as humans, do with that discomfort varies. What professionals working with children and families do with that discomfort is crucial, because it is this which influences the way they do their job. This paper discusses different reactions to this ‘not us’ discomfort in relation to three types of difference commonly found in Australian society: the differences associated with being Aboriginal, with being migrants from non-English speaking backgrounds, and with having a disability. The paper shows how each reaction to these differences leads to particular kinds of service delivery. What we believe is what we do.
Patent Retrieval (2013)

Intellectual property and the patent system in particular have been extremely present in research and discussion, even in the public media, in the last few years. Without going into any controversial issues regarding the patent system, we approach a very real and growing problem: searching for innovation. The target collection for this task does not consist of patent documents only, but it is in these documents that the main difference is found compared to web or news information retrieval. In addition, the issue of patent search implies a particular user model and search process model. This review is concerned with how research and technology in the field of Information Retrieval assists or even changes the processes of patent search. It is a survey of work done on patent data in relation to Information Retrieval in the last 20–25 years. It explains the sources of difficulty and the existing document processing and retrieval methods of the domain, and provides a motivation for further research in the area.
A Review of Binarized Neural Networks (2019)

In this work, we review Binarized Neural Networks (BNNs). BNNs are deep neural networks that use binary values for activations and weights, instead of full precision values. With binary values, BNNs can execute computations using bitwise operations, which reduces execution time. Model sizes of BNNs are much smaller than their full precision counterparts. While the accuracy of a BNN model is generally less than full precision models, BNNs have been closing accuracy gap and are becoming more accurate on larger datasets like ImageNet. BNNs are also good candidates for deep learning implementations on FPGAs and ASICs due to their bitwise efficiency. We give a tutorial of the general BNN methodology and review various contributions, implementations and applications of BNNs.
Patches cure leaky casing problems in Indonesia (1990)

After repeated cement squeeze failures, casing patches were successfully used to stop casing leaks in a well operated in Indonesia. The Bunyu field, discovered in 1922, has 123 wells drilled with one dry hole in a complex series of channel sands interspersed with shales and coals. About 91 zones have been produced to data. Cumulative production is approximately 80 million bbl of oil. Although most wells produce with high water cuts, pressure maintenance and improving the sweep efficiencies across the channels by careful placement of injection points can substantially improve recovery.
Resting energy expenditure-fat-free mass relationship: new insights provided by body composition modeling (2000)

The relationship between resting energy expenditure (REE) and metabolically active fat-free mass (FFM) is a cornerstone in the study of physiological aspects of body weight regulation and human energy requirements. Important questions, however, remain unanswered regarding the observed linear REE-FFM association in adult humans. This led us to develop a series of REE-body composition models that provide insights into the widely used simple linear REE-FFM prediction model derived experimentally in adult humans. The new models suggest that the REE-FFM relationship in mammals as a whole is curvilinear, that a segment of this function within a FFM range characteristic of adult humans can be fit with a linear equation almost identical to that observed from a composite review of earlier human studies, and that mammals as a whole exhibit a decrease in the proportion of FFM as high metabolic rate organs with greater FFM. The present study thus provides a new approach for examining REE-FFM relationships, advances in a quantitative manner previously observed albeit incompletely formulated REE-body composition associations, and identifies areas in need of additional research.
Reevaluating the Concept of Treating Experimental Tumors with a Mixed Bacterial Vaccine: Coley’s Toxin (2012)

Several decades after Coley's initial work, we here systematically analyzed tumoricidal as well as immunostimulatory effects of the historical preparation Coley's Toxin (CT), a safe vaccine made of heat-inactivated S. pyogenes and S. marcescens. First, by performing in vitro analysis, established human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines responded with dose- and time-dependent growth inhibition. Effects were attributed to necrotic as well as apoptotic cell death as determined by increased Caspase 3/7 levels, raised numbers of cells with sub-G1-DNA, and induced p21(waf) expression, indicative for cell cycle arrest. Besides, CT effectively stimulated human peripheral blood leukocytes (huPBL) from healthy volunteers. Quantitative gene expression analysis revealed upregulated mRNA levels of selected Toll-like receptors. Flow cytometric phenotyping of CT-stimulated huPBLs identified raised numbers of CD25(+)-activated leukocytes. In vivo, repetitive, local CT application was well tolerated by animals and induced considerable delay of Panc02 tumors. However, systemic treatment failed to affect tumor growth. Antitumoral effects following local therapy were primarily accompanied by stimulation of innate immune mechanisms. Data presented herein prove that the historical approach of using killed bacteria as active immunotherapeutic agents still holds promise, and further careful preclinical analyses may pave the way back into clinical applications.
Locally Made Equipment for Teaching and Research in Agricultural Engineering and Development Technology (1992)

The objectives and features of a series of designs of equipment for teaching and research in agricultural engineering and development technology are described.
Acoustic noise analysis and prediction in a 4‐T MRI scanner (2004)

Abstract Gradient coil induced acoustic noise was measured in a 4 Tesla MRI scanner. To characterize the sound distribution, a series of measurements were taken along the centreline of the gradient coil using echo planar imaging (EPI) sequences as inputs. The acoustic noise frequency spectra were calculated and used to compare the acoustic response relative to the spatial distribution along the centreline. Using the standard approach of frequency response function (FRF) measurement with sinusoidal sweep inputs, the sound pressure levels (SPLs) due to EPI input sequences were predicted. The results showed that the predictions using the FRF were very close to the measured SPLs. Although previously known as an accurate acoustic noise characterization tool, frequency response functions have been shown here to be a useful method for predicting acoustic noise levels due to other scanning sequences. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 21B: 19–25, 2004.
The Aberrant Localization of Oncogenic Kit Tyrosine Kinase Receptor Mutants Is Reversed on Specific Inhibitory Treatment (2009)

Kit is a cell surface type III tyrosine kinase (TK) receptor implicated in cell transformation through overexpression or oncogenic mutation. Two categories of Kit mutants displaying mutations either in the juxtamembrane intracellular domain (regulatory mutants) or in the catalytic domain (catalytic mutants) have been described. To explore the effect of Kit oncogenic mutations on its subcellular localization, we constructed enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-tagged human Kit chimeras harboring mutations either in the regulatory (V560G) or in the catalytic (D816V) domain. When expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells, EGFP-tagged wild-type Kit was activated on stem cell factor stimulation, whereas both EGFP-tagged Kit mutants displayed a constitutive TK activity. Constitutively activated mutants exhibited a high-mannose-type N-glycosylation pattern and an intracellular localization, suggesting that these mutants induce downstream oncogenic signaling without the need to reach the cell surface. Inhibition of constitutive Kit TK activity with dasatinib induced a complex, mature N-glycosylation pattern identical to unstimulated wild-type Kit and resulted in the redistribution of the mutants to the plasma membrane. This relocalization was clearly correlated to the inhibition of TK activity because imatinib, a specific inhibitor of the V560G mutant, inactive on the catalytic D816V mutant, induced only the relocalization of the V560G mutant. These data show that on TK inhibition, the aberrant localization of Kit mutants can be fully reversed. Kit mutants are then exported and/or stabilized at the cell surface as inactive and fully N-glycosylated isoforms.
Towards textile‐based fiber‐reinforced thermoplastic nanocomposites: Melt spun polypropylene‐montmorillonite nanocomposite fibers (2007)

Abstract The present work is aimed at assessing the feasibility of integrating thermoplastic polypropylene nanocomposite matrices into conventional fiber‐reinforced composites based on hybrid textiles that incorporate both the matrix and glass‐fiber yarns, in order to reduce impregnation times. The focus is on the preparation and properties of the polypropylene nanocomposite fiber precursors and the implications for composite processing in general. However, preliminary results are also given that demonstrate satisfactory impregnation and consolidation of simple textiles produced byco‐weaving the nanocomposite yarns with glass‐fibers, given suitable processing conditions. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:1122–1132, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers
Genetic construction of nisin-producing Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris and analysis of a rapid method for conjugation (1991)

Conjugation was used to construct nisin-producing Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris strains. Recipients were obtained by electroporation of L. lactis subsp. cremoris strains with the drug resistance plasmid pGK13 or pGB301. A method, direct-plate conjugation, was developed in which donor and recipient cells were concentrated and then combined directly on selective media. This method facilitated transfer of the nisin-sucrose (Nip+ Suc+) phenotype from the donor strain, L. lactis subsp. lactis 11454, to three L. lactis subsp. cremoris recipient strains. Nip+ Suc+ L. lactis subsp. cremoris transconjugants were obtained at frequencies which ranged from 10(-7) to 10(-8) per donor CFU. DNA-DNA hybridization to transconjugant DNAs, performed with an oligonucleotide probe synthesized to detect the nisin precursor gene, showed that this gene was transferred during conjugation but was not associated with detectable plasmid DNA. Further investigation indicated that L. lactis subsp. cremoris Nip+ Suc+ transconjugants retained the recipient strain phenotype with respect to bacteriophage resistance and acid production in milk. Results suggested that it would be feasible to construct nisin-producing L. lactis subsp. cremoris strains for application as mixed and multiple starter systems. Additionally, the direct-plate conjugation method required less time than filter or milk agar matings and may also be useful for investigations of conjugal mechanisms in these organisms.