gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Storage Efficient Way to Implement the Discrete Cosine Transform (1976)

Ahmed has shown that a discrete cosine transform can be implemented by doing one double length fast Fourier transform (FFT). In this correspondence, we show that the amount of work can be cut to doing two single length FFT's.
Mechanisms of inorganic particle formation during suspension heating of simulated aqueous wastes (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanisms of inorganic particle formation during suspension heating of simulated aqueous wastesJames A. Mulholland and Adel F. SarofimCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1991, 25, 2, 268–274Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00014a008https://doi.org/10.1021/es00014a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views149Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Removal of Organic Matter from Landfill Leachate by Advanced Oxidation Processes: A Review (2010)

In most countries, sanitary landfill is nowadays the most common way to eliminate municipal solid wastes (MSWs). However, sanitary landfill generates large quantity of heavily polluted leachate, which can induce ecological risk and potential hazards towards public health and ecosystems. The application of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) including ozone-based oxidation, Fenton oxidation, electrochemical oxidation, and other AOPs to treatment of landfill leachate was reviewed. The treatment efficiency in term of chemical oxygen demand (COD) of various AOPs was presented. Advantages and drawbacks of various AOPs were discussed. Among the AOPs reviewed, Fenton process should be the best choice, not only because it can achieve about 49~89% of COD removal with COD ranging from 837 to 8894 mg/L, but also because the process is cost-effective and simple in technological aspect, there is no mass transfer limitation (homogeneous nature) and both iron and hydrogen peroxide are nontoxic.
Size Tuning, Functionalization, and Reactivation of Au in TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanoreactors (2005)

Durchlässige Schale, reaktiver Kern: Ein nasschemisches Verfahren führt zu hohlen Au-TiO2-Kern-Schale-Nanokompositreaktoren mit einem Katalysator im Kern und einer für Reaktanten durchlässigen Schale. Der Kern kann vergrößert werden, und eine modifizierte Synthese ergibt blumenförmige Nanostrukturen (siehe Bild). Der photosensibilisierte Metall-Halbleiter-Nanoreaktor katalysiert Gas- und Flüssigphasenreaktionen.
EML4-ALK in non-small-cell lung cancer (2012)

EML4-ALK is a lung cancer-induced fusion gene,which was first discovered in Japan in 2007.Studies show that the positive rate of EML4-ALK is about 3%-8% in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Multiple EML4-ALK variants have been identified in NSCLC,of which 3 make up the majority.Currently,a major issue is to define a best way to determine the presence of EML4-ALK in lung tumors,which has largely limited its clinical application.The positive rate of EML4-ALK is found to be correlated with smoking,age,adenocarcinoma,EGFR,and KRAS mutation,9.4% in non-or light-smokers,significantly higher than 2.9% in smokers.The expression of EML4-ALK is negatively correlated with EGFR and KRAS mutations,which are mutually exclusive in NSCLC patients.ALK inhibitors,including TAE684 and PF02341066,have exhibited fair efficacy and are now under stage-Ⅲ clinical trials.EML4-ALK has become a new therapeutic target for NSCLC,and ALK inhibitors have provided new options for the individualized treatment of lung cancer,and brought new hope for those intolerant to chemotherapy.
Ovulatory Shifts in Female Sexual Desire (2004)

Women's reproductive biology imposes heavy obligatory costs of parental investment, creating strong selective forces hypothesized to shape female mating psychology around critical decisions such as the choice of partner, the timing of sexual intercourse, and the timing of reproduction. We propose that female sexual desire has evolved as one adaptation among several designed to regulate these decisions. We hypothesize (a) an increase in desire as conception probability increases, but only among women who are in committed long-term relationships; and (b) a shift in the desire for a primary partner as compared with extra-pair partners as ovulation approaches, dependent upon a woman's evaluation of her primary partner's relative quality. We tested several predictions derived from these hypotheses in a study of 173 women who were not taking oral contraceptives. Results confirmed Hypothesis 1: An ovulatory peak in sexual desire was found only for mated women; for unmated women, conception probability and sexual desire were uncorrelated. Hypothesis 2 was partially supported. Among mated women, those with higher conception probability exhibited higher levels of in-pair sexual desire relative to those at lower conception probability. Conception probability and relationship length interacted significantly to predict extra-pair desires, such that women in longer relationships were more likely to experience desire for extra-pair partners during periods of high conception probability. The pursuit of an in-pair conceptive strategy (as opposed to an extra-pair conceptive strategy) was also associated with the occurrence of sexual activity in the relationship.
Credit based fair scheduling for packet switched networks (2005)

With the rapid development of Internet multimedia applications, the next generation of networks is required to schedule not only the best effort traffic but also the traffic with bandwidth and delay guarantees. Currently, there are two types of fair scheduling algorithms in the literature. The time stamp based schedulers achieve very good fairness and delay guarantees but have high O(logN) time complexity, where N is the number of flows. While the round robin based schedulers reach O(1) time complexity, their delay guarantees are O(N). This paper aims at a fair scheduling algorithm with constant time complexity as well as good fairness and delay guarantees. We first present a credit/balance based fair scheduling algorithm called most credit first (MCF). We theoretically prove that MCF can provide O(logN) fairness, delay and delay jitter guarantees, and demonstrate experimentally that it actually can achieve O(1) guarantees. In order to reduce the O(logN) time complexity of MCF, we further present a more efficient variant of MCF, called fast most credit first (FMCF). FMCF achieves O(1) time complexity by utilizing approximation and synchronization, and at the same time preserves the O(logN) theoretical fairness, delay and delay jitter guarantees of MCF. We also implemented MCF and FMCF in NS/sub 2/ simulator to compare the end to end delay performance with other fair scheduling algorithms. Our experimental results demonstrate that MCF outperforms two commonly used fair schedulers, and FMCF is able to closely match the performance of MCF with reduced time complexity.
Users Supporting Multiple (Mobile) Electronic Payment Systems in Online Purchases: An Empirical Study of Their Payment Transaction Preferences (2019)

The online payment for products or for the access to payment-based services can be made by means of a range of (mobile) electronic payment systems - (M)EPS. Both the industrial sector and research community, mainly World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), are working on facilitating these payment methods on Web and supporting the multiple users on how they can select the suitable (M)EPS. However, to the best of our knowledge, there were no thorough studies considering consumer's preferences when they support multiple (M)EPS. To address this issue, we have performed a survey on an international participants (n=272) aiming to (i) developed a theoretical model to determine their preferences when they are supporting more than one (M)EPS, (ii) find the most valuable option according to them and (iii) determine the surrounding conditions that support their decision to use a specific (M)EPS. The theoretical framework of this study was based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). According to our statistical analysis (Chi-square test), consumers that can pay using different (M)EPS during their online payment transaction, have a preferred payment system based on its security, fees, usefulness, and ease of use as well as on their favorite Web browser for these transactions. Factor analysis was also performed to identify factors that much influence the (M)EPS. Results revealed that the factors influencing online payment preferences differ from those involved in traditional payment methods. Our findings allowed, therefore, providing practical suggestions for supporting payment processes with Web browsers and the W3C payment Application Program Interface (API).
EFFECT OF SIDE CHAIN BRANCHED PP, EPDM AND HDPE AS A THIRD COMPONENT ON MELT EXTENSIONAL BEHAVIOUR OF TERNARY BLENDS (2005)

The effect of some factors, i.e., long chain branches on EPDM and PP backbone and short side chain branches of HDPE on melt extensibility and melt elasticity were studied and compared with those of ternary blends of linear PPs. Long chain branched EPDM, long chain branched PP, and linear PE with small side chains were used to increase the molecular entanglements and melt drawability and to improve melt elasticity. Using three linear PP in the blends, showed a synergistic effect on melt elasticity in a certain percentage of composition. The experimental results have been indicated that both ternary blends of linear PPs and ternary blends containing a branched PP increased molecular entanglements and affected melt elasticity. HDPE as a polyolefin with short side chains showed better effect on melt elasticity and melt drawability than ternary linear PP blends. Long chain branches of EPDM considerably improved its damping factor (tan δ) and steady state creep compliance (Je0). The effect of long chain branched EPDM and high molecular weight linear PE with small branches, on melt tension force and damping factor of blends were measured and compared with those of blends containing a long chain branched PP. Long chain branched PP showed a distinct effect on melt extensibility of blends. The most significant effect is observed by using PE and long chain branched PP, both. Yousef Jahani1* and Mehdi Barikani2
Bidirectional C+L band hybrid amplifier for 16-channel WDM PON transmission at 10Gb/s (2010)

A bi-directional hybrid C+L band EDFA/RFA is proposed using single-wavelength pump laser at 1495nm. The hybrid amplifier is applied in a 50km, 10Gb/s-WDM PON with optimally dispersion-managed and gain-equalized 16 C+L band channels.
Head Band for Migraine Headache Relief (1993)

Application of an ice pack and local scalp pressure are the most commonly used non-pharmacological methods for temporary relief of migraine headache pain. An elastic band secured around the head with Velcro and firm rubber discs inserted under the band was used to apply local pressure over the area of maximum pain in 25 patients with migraine headache. Three headaches were studied in each patient. Two patients dropped out because of local tenderness which prevented them from using the band. The 23 remaining patients used the band in a total of 69 headaches. Pain relief was monitored for 30 minutes at 10 minute intervals. Sixty headaches (87%) were relieved. Nine headaches (13%) were not improved. Sixty-seven percent of those who improved (40 headaches) had relief of over 80%, twenty-five percent (15 headaches) improved between 50-60% and eight percent (5 headaches) had less than 50% improvement. Pain severity steadily increased when the band was released. Temporary relief of pain from mechanical compression of the scalp supports the possibility that at least part of the pain in migraine headache originates from dilated blood vessels in the scalp.
Crosslinking of corn starch with sodium trimetaphosphate in solid state by microwave irradiation (2006)

Abstract Corn starch was crosslinked with sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP) in solid state under microwave irradiation to improve the degree of substitution (DS) and decrease the reaction time. The effects of modification factors on the crosslinking of starch were systematically studied. It was found that the microwave irradiation provided a convenient and efficient method to prepare crosslinked starch with sufficient DS. The DS value of crosslinked starches obtained by microwave irradiation was significantly improved and the reaction time was also dramatically decreased to achieve an appropriate DS value by microwave irradiation, when compared with using traditional method. The high microwave power provided faster reaction kinetics to obtain the desired DS value at an identical reaction condition. If the reaction temperature is lower than the decomposition temperature of crosslinked starch, the higher DS value can be achieved at the higher microwave power. It was detected that the DS data obtained by reacting intermittently was higher than those by reacting continuously. It was also noticed that DS data varied drastically with the increasing of the amount of STMP and sodium carbonate. The swelling ratio of crosslinked starch in water was lower than that of native starch because of the nongelatinization of highly crosslinked starch. SEM analysis indicated that the crosslinking of corn starch by microwave irradiation caused no significant changes in the microstructure of starch granules. Light microscope analysis also showed the uniformity of so‐prepared crosslinked corn starch applying microwave irradiation. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 5854–5860, 2006
Dynamic Analysis and Control of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor With External Perturbation (2015)

Chaotic motion and chaos control of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) are studied in this paper. The dynamics of chaotic PMSM with load vibration perturbation is presented and its complex dynamic characteristics are analyzed by using bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponents, and phase portraits. Furthermore, an adaptive neural sliding mode control is addressed to suppress chaos oscillations for the PMSM. The neural network approximation is applied in the controller to emulate of the load perturbation. Simulation results show that the proposed control scheme can eliminate the chaos and make the system achieve stable states even with the existence of unknown load vibration disturbance.
The NOx Emission Levels of Unconventional Fuels for Gas Turbines (1977)

An experimentally verified NOx emission model for gas turbines has been reported previously. The model has been modified to determine the NOx emission levels of various fuels as compared to No. 2 distillate oil. The NOx emission levels of various conventional and unconventional gas turbine fuels of interest are predicted. The predicted NOx emission levels for these fuels, including methanol, ethanol, propane, and hydrogen, are in good agreement with available laboratory and field data from stationary, aircraft, and automotive gas turbine combustors. The predicted results should be applicable to other fuel-lean, heterogeneous combustion systems.
ORIGIN AND ESTIMATION OF THE GUSHING POTENTIAL OF ISOMERIZED HOP EXTRACTS (1972)

Two types of gushing promoter have been isolated from isomerized hop extracts. One type is a humulinicacid dehydration product which occurs rarely insuch extracts. The other type of gushing promoter consists of a mixture of oxidation products of hop resins, and is present in all the isomerized extracts examined. The higher the concentration of these oxidation products in a beer the greater is its tendency to gush. α-Acids and cohulupone have been shown to be effective gushing inhibitors. The gushing potential of an isomerized extract appears to be determined mainly by the relative proportions of oxidized materials and unchanged α-acid, present as contaminants. A method for determining the gushing susceptibility of a beer is described.
EntSUM: A Data Set for Entity-Centric Summarization (2022)

Controllable summarization aims to provide summaries that take into account user-specified aspects and preferences to better assist them with their information need, as opposed to the standard summarization setup which build a single generic summary of a document. We introduce a human-annotated data set EntSUM for controllable summarization with a focus on named entities as the aspects to control. We conduct an extensive quantitative analysis to motivate the task of entity-centric summarization and show that existing methods for controllable summarization fail to generate entity-centric summaries. We propose extensions to state-of-the-art summarization approaches that achieve substantially better results on our data set. Our analysis and results show the challenging nature of this task and of the proposed data set. <br> As a part of this zip file, we release the EntSum dataset on which the evaluations are performed. There are three json files, namely, one summary annotation, two summary annotations and a combination of both. Each file contains the document ID from the NYT corpus, the sentence IDs, the summary(s), the salient sentences and summary sentence corresponding to the sentence IDs. Obtaining the source text can be done by downloading the original NYT corpus and mapping the document IDs. The annotation process and pre-processing details are described extensively in the research paper.
Monitoring Therapeutic Responses to Silicified Cancer Cell Immunotherapy Using PET/MRI in a Mouse Model of Disseminated Ovarian Cancer (2022)

Current imaging approaches used to monitor tumor progression can lack the ability to distinguish true progression from pseudoprogression. Simultaneous metabolic 2-deoxy-2-[<sup>18</sup>F]fluoro-D-glucose ([<sup>18</sup>F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers new opportunities to overcome this challenge by refining tumor identification and monitoring therapeutic responses to cancer immunotherapy. In the current work, spatial and quantitative analysis of tumor burden were performed using simultaneous [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG-PET/MRI to monitor therapeutic responses to a novel silicified cancer cell immunotherapy in a mouse model of disseminated serous epithelial ovarian cancer. Tumor progression was validated by bioluminescence imaging of luciferase expressing tumor cells, flow cytometric analysis of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, and histopathology. While PET demonstrated the presence of metabolically active cancer cells through [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG uptake, MRI confirmed cancer-related accumulation of ascites and tissue anatomy. This approach provides complementary information on disease status without a confounding signal from treatment-induced inflammation. This work provides a possible roadmap to facilitate accurate monitoring of therapeutic responses to cancer immunotherapies.
A new method of human cardiac troponin I and troponin T purification. (1995)

New rapid and effective procedure for simultaneous purification of human cardiac troponin I and troponin T has been developed. Affinity chromatography on immobilized monoclonal antitroponin I antibody C5 was used for purification of the whole troponin complex with a yield of 120 mg from 100 g of tissue. Isolated troponin I and troponin T (about 20 and 35 mg from 100 g tissue) were obtained by conventionally used ion-exchange chromatography. Antibody C5 recognizes conservative epitope of troponin I, therefore the method is applicable for purification of skeletal and cardiac troponin from a number of different animal species.
Linezolid for Treatment of Chronic Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (2012)

Linezolid is effective at achieving culture conversion among patients with treatment-refractory XDR pulmonary tuberculosis, but patients must be monitored carefully for adverse events. (Funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and the Ministry of Health and Welfare, South Korea; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00727844.).
Low Temperature Water Gas Shift over Gold Catalysts (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Discovery of 4-(5-Methyloxazolo[4,5-<i>b</i>]pyridin-2-yl)-1,4-diazabicyclo[3.2.2]nonane (CP-810,123), a Novel α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonist for the Treatment of Cognitive Disorders in Schizophrenia: Synthesis, SAR Development, and in Vivo Efficacy in Cognition Models (2009)

A novel alpha 7 nAChR agonist, 4-(5-methyloxazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-yl)-1,4-diazabicyclo[3.2.2]nonane (24, CP-810,123), has been identified as a potential treatment for cognitive deficits associated with psychiatric or neurological conditions including schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease. Compound 24 is a potent and selective compound with excellent pharmaceutical properties. In rodent, the compound displays high oral bioavailability and excellent brain penetration affording high levels of receptor occupancy and in vivo efficacy in auditory sensory gating and novel object recognition. The structural diversity of this compound and its preclinical in vitro and in vivo package support the hypothesis that alpha 7 nAChR agonists may have potential as a pharmacotherapy for the treatment of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
Optimized quantization and scaling of layered LDPC scaled min-sum decoder (2015)

In this paper, we apply an efficient scaling strategy on layered scaled min-sum LDPC decoder. In addition, we propose a joint optimization strategy for the quantization and scaling parameters of layered scaled min-sum LDPC decoder. The study of our optimization results, for DVB-S2 LDPC codes with different constellation sizes and code rates, shows that each constellation size code rate pair has different optimal scaling and quantization parameters. In order to maximize the achievable performance, we propose using the different scaling and quantization parameters for each constellation size code rate pair. The simulation results show the performance improvement of separately using optimal scaling parameters or optimal quantization parameters, and the overall performance enhancement of using both optimal scaling and quantization parameters.