gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and Functionality of OROS® Melatonin in Healthy Subjects (1999)

OROS (melatonin), an oral osmotic system for controlled drug delivery, was evaluated in an open-label, two-way crossover study to test the feasibility of continuous overnight melatonin delivery. Twelve healthy subjects with no sleep disorders, ranging from 60 to 73 years of age, were enrolled in the study. Two doses of melatonin (1 x 110 micrograms and 4 x 110 micrograms) were administered on two separate occasions. Endogenous baseline nighttime serum melatonin concentrations were measured the night before each treatment. Following treatment at 2100 hours, the lights were extinguished at 2200 hours and remained so, except during blood sample collection, which was performed under dim light (< 50 lux) at specified times. Serum samples were analyzed for melatonin by an LC/MS/MS method. In addition, safety measurements such as vitals and serum samples for endocrine functions were measured both prior to and after melatonin dosing. The serum melatonin concentration profile following OROS (melatonin) dosing mimicked the normal endogenous serum melatonin concentration-time profile. The mean maximal melatonin concentration occurred at 3 a.m. The mean AUCs of endogenous melatonin before the two treatment days were 248 and 234 pg.h/mL, respectively. Serum concentrations of melatonin corrected for endogenous production increased proportionally with dose, with AUCs of 288 and 1069 pg.h/mL, respectively. Deconvolution of the serum concentration data showed good correlation between the in vitro amount released and the in vivo amount absorbed, suggesting continuous absorption throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Less than 5% residual content was observed in the recovered OROS system. Minimal changes in serum hormone concentrations (luteinizing hormone, follicular stimulating hormone, and prolactin) and no serious adverse events were observed following OROS treatment in these subjects. Delivery of melatonin with OROS formulation may result in a physiologic nocturnal profile in elderly subjects.
Lysis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 by a Specific Secreted Human Phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> (2006)

Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) proteins affect cellular activation, signal transduction, and possibly innate immunity. A specific secretory PLA2, sPLA2-X, is shown here to neutralize human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) through degradation of the viral membrane. Catalytic function was required for antiviral activity, and the target cells of infection were unaffected. sPLA2-X potently reduced gene transfer of HIV-1 Env-pseudotyped lentivirus vectors and inhibited the replication of both CCR5- and CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 in human CD4+ T cells. Virions resistant to damage by antibody and complement were sensitive to lysis by sPLA2-X, suggesting a novel mechanism of antiviral surveillance independent of the acquired immune system.
Automated saliency-based lesion segmentation in dermoscopic images (2015)

The segmentation of skin lesions in dermoscopic images is considered as one of the most important steps in computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) for automated melanoma diagnosis. Existing methods, however, have problems with over-segmentation and do not perform well when the contrast between the lesion and its surrounding skin is low. Hence, in this study, we propose a new automated saliency-based skin lesion segmentation (SSLS) that we designed to exploit the inherent properties of dermoscopic images, which have a focal central region and subtle contrast discrimination with the surrounding regions. The proposed method was evaluated on a public dataset of lesional dermoscopic images and was compared to established methods for lesion segmentation that included adaptive thresholding, Chan-based level set and seeded region growing. Our results show that SSLS outperformed the other methods in regard to accuracy and robustness, in particular, for difficult cases.
Multiword Lexical Units and Communicative Language Teaching (1992)

Some small-scale but intensive studies that I have made recently of lexical patterning in 'quality' daily and Sunday newspapers support the view that journalistic prose draws very heavily on verbnoun collocations that are already well-established and widely known.1 In up-to-the-minute news reporting especially, there is little evidence of lexical originality: even mildly adventurous matchings of verb and noun, such as ride out a criticism (cf. ride out the storm) or recoup the ground lost (cf. recoup one's losses) are extremely rare. Neither, for the most part, do news writers use idioms in the strict sense (i.e. word-combinations that are semantically opaque as well as formally fixed). To a remarkable extent, they select collocations in which the sense of the verb, long established as a figurative extension of some primary sense, is now moribund or dead: solve a problem, for example, or abandon one's principles, or call for action. The high incidence of such familiar expressions in news coverage suggests that the professional skill of reporters owes less to verbal inventiveness than to the memorisation and re-use of existing locutions.KeywordsCommunicative TeachingLanguage TeachingNews StoryNews ItemApply LinguisticsThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Mobility enhancement in strained Si NMOSFETs with HfO/sub 2/ gate dielectrics (2003)

Integration of strained Si and high-K gate dielectric is demonstrated for the first time. While providing a >1000/spl times/ gate leakage reduction, strained Si NMOSFETs with HfO/sub 2/ gate dielectric exhibit 60% higher mobility than the unstrained Si device with HfO/sub 2/ gate dielectrics, and 30% higher mobility than the conventional Si NMOSFETs with SiO/sub 2/ gate dielectric (universal MOSFET mobility).
An IoT-enabled Real-time Machine Status Monitoring Approach for Cloud Manufacturing (2017)

Cloud Manufacturing (CMfg) has attracted large number of attentions from both academia and practitioners. One of the key concepts in CMfg is service sharing which is based on the availability of various manufacturing resources. This paper introduces an Internet of Things (IoT) enabled real-time machine status monitoring platform for the provision of resource availability. IoT technologies such as RFID and wireless communications are used for capturing real-time machines’ statuses. After that, such information is visualized through a graphical dashboard after being processed by various data models and cloud-based services over smart phones. A demonstrative case is given to illustrate the feasibility and practicality of the proposed system. In this case, IoT devices are deployed in a CMfg environment such as shop floors to capture machine data firstly. Secondly, cloud-based services are designed and developed for making full use of the captured data to facilitate end-users’ production operations and behaviors. Thirdly, ‘5w’ questions are answered by using both real-time and historic data generated from the frontline CMfg sites.
Quantitative assessment of the microcirculation in healthy volunteers and in patients with septic shock* (2012)

The main characteristics of sublingual microcirculation in patients with septic shock are hypoperfusion and increased flow heterogeneity. Hyperdynamic microvascular blood flow was not found. Nonsurvivors showed more severe alterations than survivors. Quantitative and semiquantitative microcirculatory variables displayed similar behaviors.
Study on Project Risk Management System Based on Group Decision Support System (2012)

Project risks are generally perceived as events that influence adversely the achievement of project objectives, nowadays, risk management has become one of the key project management processes, and there are many complex evaluation and decision-making problems in risk management process. In order to improve the efficiency of decision maker group for risk management study, this paper applies Group Decision Support System (GDSS, a kind of group decision technique) into risk management of projects at the planning stage, and introduces a prototype GDSS entitled Interactive Risk Management System (IRMS) to help manager to make good decisions. Besides, this paper illustrates the main functions and working principles of each part of the proposed system, the working process of this system and the implementation method of each part are also discussed.
Hierarchical gold micro-nanostructures based on three-dimensional networks of carbon nanotubes fabricated by using electrochemical deposition (2012)

Three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical gold electrodes were fabricated using suspended 3D networks of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on Si pillar templates using electrochemical deposition (ECD) in KAu(CN)2 solutions. The Pt-coated networks of CNTs played an important role in providing electrical paths for ECD through discontinuous Pt layers, resulting in a vertically uniform deposition of gold on micropillars and 3D networks of CNTs connected with adjacent micropillars. The structural characteristics of the 3D hierarchical gold electrodes were superior, and their cyclic voltammograms exhibited higher peak currents and lower peak separations than those of a plain gold electrode.
Right ventricular regional function using MR tagging: Normals versus chronic pulmonary hypertension (1998)

Right ventricular (RV) regional function, in both normal and diseased states, is not well characterized. Using 1D MR myocardial tagging, RV and septal intramyocardial segmental shortening was noninvasively measured in ten healthy subjects and in seven patients with chronic pulmonary hypertension. The normal RV free wall regional shortening was not uniform. A pattern of increasing RV free wall short-axis shortening was found from the RV outflow tract to the RV apex, and a more complex pattern of RV free wall long-axis shortening was observed. Both regional short- and long-axis shortening were globally reduced in pulmonary hypertension patients, with the greatest decreases in the RV outflow tract and in the basal septal wall region. Regional RV function can be quantitatively evaluated using MR tagging to determine the impact of chronic pulmonary hypertension on RV performance.
Peptidnucleinsäuren (PNAs) aus chiralen Aminosäuren und Thymin‐Monomeren: Hybridisierungs‐ und Löslichkeitseigenschaften von D‐Lysin‐PNA (1996)

Funktionalisierte chirale D ‐ und L ‐Aminosäuren in Peptidnucleinsäuren (PNAs; Rückgrat einer PNA siehe rechts) beeinflussen deren Hybridisierungs‐ und Löslichkeitseigenschaften. Falsche Basenpaarungen werden durch derartig modifizierte PNAs besser erkannt als durch Glycin‐PNAs. Monomere könnten in der kombinatorischen Chemie auf Amidbasis, PNAs im pharmakokinetischen Bereich und in der Synthese von DNA‐Konjugaten Anwendung finden. magnified image
Rendering Neural Materials on Curved Surfaces (2022)

Neural material reflectance representations address some limitations of traditional analytic BRDFs with parameter textures; they can theoretically represent any material data, whether a complex synthetic microgeometry with displacements, shadows and inter-reflections, or real measured reflectance. However, they still approximate the material on an infinite plane, which prevents them from correctly handling silhouette and parallax effects for viewing directions close to grazing. The goal of this paper is to design a neural material representation capable of correctly handling such silhouette effects. We extend the neural network query to take surface curvature information as input, while the query output is extended to return a transparency value in addition to reflectance. We train the new neural representation on synthetic data that contains queries spanning a variety of surface curvatures. We show an ability to accurately represent complex silhouette behavior that would traditionally require more expensive and less flexible techniques, such as on-the-fly geometry displacement or ray marching.
Grafting Acrylic Acid Monomer on Cellulosic Materials (1986)

Abstract Graft copolymers of acrylic acid on cellulosic materials were obtained by use of eerie ion in aqueous medium at different temperatures. The variation in the level of incorporation of poly(acrylic acid) grafts on the cellulosic substrate and the dependence of the water and saline retentions of the graft copolymers on the graft level are examined.
Statistical learning and probabilistic prediction in music cognition: mechanisms of stylistic enculturation (2018)

Music perception depends on internal psychological models derived through exposure to a musical culture. It is hypothesized that this musical enculturation depends on two cognitive processes: (1) statistical learning, in which listeners acquire internal cognitive models of statistical regularities present in the music to which they are exposed; and (2) probabilistic prediction based on these learned models that enables listeners to organize and process their mental representations of music. To corroborate these hypotheses, I review research that uses a computational model of probabilistic prediction based on statistical learning (the information dynamics of music (IDyOM) model) to simulate data from empirical studies of human listeners. The results show that a broad range of psychological processes involved in music perception-expectation, emotion, memory, similarity, segmentation, and meter-can be understood in terms of a single, underlying process of probabilistic prediction using learned statistical models. Furthermore, IDyOM simulations of listeners from different musical cultures demonstrate that statistical learning can plausibly predict causal effects of differential cultural exposure to musical styles, providing a quantitative model of cultural distance. Understanding the neural basis of musical enculturation will benefit from close coordination between empirical neuroimaging and computational modeling of underlying mechanisms, as outlined here.
SAF-A Regulates Interphase Chromosome Structure through Oligomerization with Chromatin-Associated RNAs (2017)

Higher eukaryotic chromosomes are organized into topologically constrained functional domains; however, the molecular mechanisms required to sustain these complex interphase chromatin structures are unknown. A stable matrix underpinning nuclear organization was hypothesized, but the idea was abandoned as more dynamic models of chromatin behavior became prevalent. Here, we report that scaffold attachment factor A (SAF-A), originally identified as a structural nuclear protein, interacts with chromatin-associated RNAs (caRNAs) via its RGG domain to regulate human interphase chromatin structures in a transcription-dependent manner. Mechanistically, this is dependent on SAF-A's AAA<sup>+</sup> ATPase domain, which mediates cycles of protein oligomerization with caRNAs, in response to ATP binding and hydrolysis. SAF-A oligomerization decompacts large-scale chromatin structure while SAF-A loss or monomerization promotes aberrant chromosome folding and accumulation of genome damage. Our results show that SAF-A and caRNAs form a dynamic, transcriptionally responsive chromatin mesh that organizes large-scale chromosome structures and protects the genome from instability.
Characteristics of the CLEO Tokamak ion source (1976)

Ion beams of 9 A at approximately 30 keV have been obtained with hydrogen, and up to 13 A with helium, using a ring anode plasma source with multi-aperture extraction electrodes. The pulse length was 25 ms. The ion source has been used for plasma heating experiments in the CLEO Tokamak.
Targeting of streptococci by zoocin A (2007)

Zoocin A is a domain-structured peptidoglycan hydrolase produced by Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus 4881. [(14)C]-zoocin A was used to measure the amount of zoocin A bound to the surface of cells and to purified peptidoglycan. The sensitivity of various streptococci to zoocin A correlated with the amount of zoocin A bound (R(2)=0.8609). Peptidoglycan purified from Streptococcus oralis and Streptococcus rattus were able to bind zoocin A but remained resistant to hydrolysis. All Streptococcus pyogenes strains were extremely sensitive to zoocin A with minimum inhibition concentrations of 31.5 ng mL(-1) or less, suggesting that zoocin A may have potential for use as an enzybiotic.
Dendrite‐Free and Performance‐Enhanced Lithium Metal Batteries through Optimizing Solvent Compositions and Adding Combinational Additives (2018)

Abstract The instability of lithium (Li) metal anodes due to dendritic growth and low Coulombic efficiency (CE) hinders the practical application of high‐energy‐density Li metal batteries. Here, the systematic studies of improving the stability of Li metal anodes and the electrochemical performance of Li metal batteries through the addition of combinational additives and the optimization of solvent compositions in dual‐salt/carbonate electrolytes are reported. A dendrite‐free and high CE of 98.1% for Li metal anode is achieved. The well‐protected Li metal anode and the excellent cyclability and rate capability of the 4‐V Li metal batteries are obtained. This is attributed to the formation of a robust, denser, more polymeric, and higher ionic conductive surface film on the Li metal anode via the electrochemical reductive decompositions of the electrolyte components and the ring‐opening polymerization of additives and cyclic carbonate solvents. The key findings of this work indicate that the optimization of solvent compositions and the manipulation of additives are facile and effective ways to enhance the performances of Li metal batteries.
Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis (2018)

EWGSOP2's updated recommendations aim to increase awareness of sarcopenia and its risk. With these new recommendations, EWGSOP2 calls for healthcare professionals who treat patients at risk for sarcopenia to take actions that will promote early detection and treatment. We also encourage more research in the field of sarcopenia in order to prevent or delay adverse health outcomes that incur a heavy burden for patients and healthcare systems.
Convalescent plasma for COVID-19 in hospitalised patients: an open-label, randomised clinical trial (2021)

CP+SOC did not result in a higher proportion of clinical improvement on day 28 in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 compared to SOC alone.
Photostimulated luminescence of KBr-in crystals (1995)

Abstract It is shown that the photostimulated luminescence of the KBr-In crystal at room temperature preliminary irradiated in the exciton absorption band arise from three types of close defect pairs. The stimulation spectra a for each pair are investigated. It is shown also that one of these three kinds of defect pairs is {F, In2+}, whereas two other pairs have the electron centre of more complicated nature. It is demonstrated that the KBr-In is an effective radiation storage material for both UV- and X-irradiations.
Diethyldithiocarbamate induction of cytokine release in human long-term bone marrow cultures (1992)

Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) is a biochemical modulating agent that protects murine bone marrow progenitor cells from the cytotoxicity of a variety of cancer chemotherapeutic agents. However, the mechanism of this protection is not well understood. Long-term human bone marrow cultures (LTBMC) were established and at day 17 treated with 30 mumol/L DDTC for 1 hour, after which DDTC was removed and replaced with complete medium. Conditioned medium was then collected 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours later and analyzed for the presence of cytokines. A time- dependent increase in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (12-fold), granulocyte-CSF (G-CSF) (66-fold), interleukin (IL)- 6, (three-fold), IL-1 beta (161-fold), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- alpha (25-fold) was observed. The maximum increase for the factors other than TNF-alpha was at 24 to 48 hours posttreatment. However, TNF- alpha peaked as early as 6 hours post-DDTC. When conditioned medium from these cultures was tested in a granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cell (GM-CFC) assay, an increase in colony formation was observed that correlated with the increased levels of cytokines in the medium. The specificity of this effect was confirmed by the fact that the closely related congener bis(hydroxyethyl)dithiocarbamate was devoid of colony- stimulating activity. The addition of antibodies for TNF-alpha and/or IL-1 alpha following DDTC treatment did not inhibit the release of GM- CSF, G-CSF, or IL-6 from the LTBMC. These results suggest that DDTC accelerates bone marrow recovery following myelotoxic drug treatment via increased production of cytokines that are known to be essential for hematopoiesis.
Analysis of buffer replacement policies for WWW proxy (1998)

Article Free Access Share on Analysis of buffer replacement policies for WWW proxy Authors: Ilhwan Kim Department of Computer Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 151-742 Department of Computer Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 151-742View Profile , Heon Y. Yeom Department of Computer Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 151-742 Department of Computer Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 151-742View Profile , Joonwon Lee Department of Computer Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Technology, Seoul, Korea, 130-650 Department of Computer Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Technology, Seoul, Korea, 130-650View Profile Authors Info & Claims SAC '98: Proceedings of the 1998 ACM symposium on Applied ComputingFebruary 1998 Pages 98–103https://doi.org/10.1145/330560.330654Published:27 February 1998Publication History 4citation435DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations4Total Downloads435Last 12 Months6Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
The design of RIP belts impacts the reliability and quality of the measured respiratory signals (2021)

The design of RIP belts affects the reliability and quality of respiratory signals. The disposable RIP belts that had integrated contacts and did not fold on top of themselves performed the best. The cut-to-fit RIP belts were most likely to be unreliable, and the semi-disposable folding belts produced the lowest-quality RIP flow signals compared to the cannula flow signal.
Towards spoken term discovery at scale with zero resources (2010)

The spoken term discovery task takes speech as input and identifies terms of possible interest. The challenge is to perform this task efficiently on large amounts of speech with zero resources (no training data and no dictionaries), where we must fall back to more basic properties of language. We find that long (∼ 1 s) repetitions tend to be contentful phrases (e.g. University of Pennsylvania) and propose an algorithm to search for these long repetitions without first recognizing the speech. To address efficiency concerns, we take advantage of (i) sparse feature representations and (ii) inherent low occurrence frequency of long content terms to achieve orders-of-magnitude speedup relative to the prior art. We frame our evaluation in the context of spoken document information retrieval, and demonstrate our method’s competence at identifying repeated terms in conversational telephone speech. Index Terms: spoken term discovery, zero resource speech recognition, dotplots