gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Schistosoma mansoni schistosomula reduce E-selectin and VCAM-1 expression in TNF-α-stimulated lung microvascular endothelial cells by interfering with the NF-κB pathway (1999)

The recruitment of immune cells into the lungs is a key step in protection against murine schistosomiasis. In this phenomenon, pulmonary (micro)vascular endothelial cells (EC) probably play a central role, by expressing specific adhesion molecules on their surface. Recently, we have shown that Schistosoma mansoni schistosomula, the parasitic stage which resides in the lungs, could activate microvascular EC to acquire an anti-inflammatory phenotype. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that schistosomula could also regulate the expression of adhesion molecules in vitro by human lung microvascular EC (HMVEC-l) in the present of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha. We found that lipophilic substance(s) present in the excretory/secretory products from schistosomula selectively reduce the TNF-alpha-induced synthesis of E-selectin and VCAM-1 mRNA and proteins without affecting ICAM-1. This inhibitory effect appears to be mediated by a cyclic AMP/protein kinase A (cAMP/PKA) pathway that probably interferes with the NF-kappaB pathway induced by TNF-alpha at the level of the E-selectin promoter, whereas a cAMP-independent pathway appears to operate in VCAM-1 down-modulation. Finally, schistosomula also significantly reduce the VLA-4/VCAM-1-dependent adherence of leukocytes to TNF-alpha-stimulated HMVEC-l. We speculate that this mechanism could represent a new stratagem that parasites may use to escape the immune system by controlling leukocyte recruitment to the lungs.
Digital frequency analysis of valve sound phenomena in patients after prosthetic valve surgery: its capability as a true home monitoring of valve function. (2005)

Home monitoring of sound pressure measurements of prosthetic valves by digital frequency analysis via a Fast Fourier transformation may detect even very mild alterations of prosthetic valve function. The next evolution of control systems, allowing for registration of flow, frequency spectrum and electrocardiography, opens potential applications for Internet-based, remote monitoring of cardiac patients.
A Block-Free Hidden Markov Model for Genotypes and Its Application to Disease Association (2005)

We present a new stochastic model for genotype generation. The model offers a compromise between rigid block structure and no structure altogether: It reflects a general blocky structure of haplotypes, but also allows for "exchange" of haplotypes at nonboundary SNP sites; it also accommodates rare haplotypes and mutations. We use a hidden Markov model and infer its parameters by an expectation-maximization algorithm. The algorithm was implemented in a software package called HINT (haplotype inference tool) and tested on 58 datasets of genotypes. To evaluate the utility of the model in association studies, we used biological human data to create a simple disease association search scenario. When comparing HINT to three other models, HINT predicted association most accurately.
Bioinspired Functionalized Melanin Nanovariants with a Range of Properties Provide Effective Color Matched Photoprotection in Skin (2016)

Melanin and related polydopamine hold great promise; however, restricted fine-tunabilility limits their usefulness in biocompatible applications. In the present study, by taking a biomimetic approach, we synthesize peptide-derived melanin with a range of physicochemical properties. Characterization of these melanin polymers indicates that they exist as nanorange materials with distinct size distribution, shapes, and surface charges. These variants demonstrate similar absorption spectra but have different optical properties that correlate with particle size. Our approach enables incorporation of chemical groups to create functionalized polyvalent organic nanomaterials and enables customization of melanin. Further, we establish that these synthetic variants are efficiently taken up by the skin keratinocytes, display appreciable photoprotection with minimal cytotoxicity, and thereby function as effective color matched photoprotective agents. In effect we demonstrate that an array of functionalized melanins with distinct properties could be synthesized using bioinspired green chemistry, and these are of immense utility in generating customized melanin/polydopamine like materials.
Limited reliability of radiographic assessment of spinal progression in ankylosing spondylitis (2017)

Our results show that there is a poor agreement on the presence of grade 1 lesions included in the Modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score-mostly for erosions and sclerosis-which may increase the measurement error. The currently used definitions of reliability have a risk of overestimating reproducibility.
Nonphotochemical Synthesis of a Base-free Silyl(silylene)iron Complex and Its Reaction with CO: Another Direct Evidence for Reversible 1,2- and 1,3-Group Migrations (2005)

Abstract A base-free silyl(silylene)iron complex 1, which had been originally synthesized by a photochemical method, was prepared in higher yield by a newly developed thermal method. Reaction of this silyl(silylene)iron complex 1 with CO at 80 °C cleanly produced a mixture of two isomeric disilanyliron complexes 6 and 6′ via 1,3-group migrations followed by 1,2-silyl migration. Oppositely, each of disilanyl complexes 6 and 6′ reproduced the silyl(silylene)iron complex 1 with a release of CO almost quantitatively at room temperature by irradiation with a fluorescent lamp.
Is It Real False Negative Finding in Motor Evoked Potential Monitoring during Corrective Surgery of Ankylosing Spondylitis? A Case Report (2012)

We performed L1 posterior vertebral columnar resection and posterior correction for Andersson's lesion and thoracolumbar kyphosis in an ankylosing spondylitis patient during motor evoked potential (MEP) monitoring. We checked MEP intra-operatively, whenever a dangerous procedure for neural elements was performed, and no abnormal findings were seen during surgery. After the operation, we examined neurologic function in the recovery room; the patient showed a progressive neurologic deficit and no response to MEP. After emergency neural exploration and decompression surgery, the neurologic deficit was recovered. We questioned whether to acknowledge the results of this case as a false negative. We think the possible reason for this result may be delayed development of paralysis. So, we recommend that MEP monitoring should be performed not only after important operative steps but also after all steps, including skin suturing, for final confirmation.
Microcavities Containing Individually Addressable Recessed Microdisk and Tubular Nanoband Electrodes (1999)

Construction and characterization of a new microcavity electrode system, microfabricated into alternating layers of gold and polyimide, is reported. The cavities contain individually addressable recessed microdisk (RMD) and tubular nanoband (TNB) gold electrodes inside a small cavity with a third electrode accessible at its rim. The cavity is cylindrical, with a 53 μm diam and 8 μm depth. The electrodes were characterized with cyclic voltammetry in solution, and the experimental current was compared to that predicted from models. At slow scan rates , the measured current for the TNB is within error of the current predicted from hemicylindrical diffusion models. The measured current for the RMD, which is about 300 times larger in area than the TNB, is within error of the model for hemispherical diffusion to planar microdisks. A similar current obtained for the RMD and TNB is consistent with the dominance of diffusion to the edges at these time scales. At faster scan rates , the current for the TNB is significantly higher than predicted. At at the RMDs, the current is less than expected for the model for linear diffusion. This is probably partly due to uncompensated resistance and the manner in which charging current was subtracted from the total current. The quality of construction of the system was evaluated by determining the dependence of area‐normalized capacitance on scan rate for both the RMD and TNB and comparing it to that for a macroelectrode. The data are consistent with good adhesion between the electrodes and polyimide insulator. © 1999 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Enhancing the strength of polypropylene fibers with carbon nanotubes (2004)

Abstract Single‐walled carbon nanotubes were added to two different grades of polypropylene to produce composites. The composites were then melt‐spun into fibers, and the fibers were tested with both a conventional tensile pull tester and dynamic mechanical analysis. The changes in tensile properties were related to the grade of polypropylene used. In addition to fibers being made from the mixes, coarse extrudates (i.e., undrawn, gravity‐spun filaments) were also produced. Density measurements on these extrudates showed that the addition of nanotubes increased the composite density in a highly nonlinear manner, which suggested interaction between the polypropylene and the carbon nanotubes. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 2926–2933, 2004
The Structure of Ferrocytochrome c at 2.45 A Resolution (1973)

Abstract The crystal structure analysis of tuna heart cytochrome c has been carried out at 2.45 A resolution using three isomorphous heavy atom derivatives. The space group of P21212 contrasts with the P43 of oxidized cytochrome c. Changes in conformation are seen near the heme crevice and on the right side of the molecule. The entire molecule in the reduced state is more compact and more closed to its surroundings. The heme group moves slightly within its protein framework. A mechanism for reduction is proposed based on orientations of aromatic groups and on recent chemical modification studies. The over-all chain folding is observed to be very similar in mammalian-type cytochrome c and in c-type cytochromes from two bacteria.
Investigation of mixed D2/5-HT1A activity of N-heteroarylmethyl-N-phenylpiperazines, N-heteroarylethyl-N-phenylpiperazines and N-heteroarylpropyl-N-phenylpiperazines. (2001)

Eight novel N-heteroarylalkyl-N-phenylpiperazines have been synthesized, chemically characterized and evaluated for in vitro binding affinity at the dopamine and serotonin receptors. Synaptosomal membranes of fresh bovine caudate nuclei (D1 and D2), the membranes of COS-7 cells (D4.4) and those prepared from fresh bovine hippocampi (5-HT1A) were used as a source of the corresponding receptor subtypes. [3H]SCH 23390 (D1-selective), [3H]spiperone (D2- and D4.4-selective) and [3H]-8-OH-DPAT (5-HT1A-selective) served as radioligands. None of the compounds expressed the affinity for the binding at the D1 subtype receptor. Compounds 7-9 containing a single methylene group serving as a bridge between heteroaryl- and N-phenylpiperazine part of the molecule were inactive [3H]spiperone and [3H]-8-OH-DPAT competitors. Ligands 15-19 (three methylene groups connecting heteroaryl- and N-phenylpiperazine part of the molecule) acted as moderate competitors of [3H]spiperone binding at the D2 receptor subtype, with the exception of 15 (a thione) which expressed a high binding affinity at the D2 receptor subtype. Compounds 15-19 behaved as moderate displacers of 8-OH-[3H]DPAT. Among all eight novel ligands only compound 15 expressed a moderate binding affinity at the D4.4 receptor subtype.
Animating Wrinkles by Example on Non-Skinned Cloth (2012)

The simulation of cloth with rich folds and wrinkles is a computationally expensive process. In this paper, we introduce an example-based algorithm for fast animation of plausible cloth wrinkles. Our algorithm does not depend on a character's pose, therefore it is valid for loose dresses, curtains, etc., not just cloth defined by skinning techniques. Central to our approach is a correspondence between low and high-resolution cloth deformations, both at the training and synthesis stages. Based on this correspondence, we define an algorithm for synthesizing cloth wrinkles as a function of the deformation of a low-resolution cloth and a set of example poses. We demonstrate the animation of plausible high-resolution wrinkles at high frame rates, suitable for interactive applications such as video games.
Linguistic Input Features Improve Neural Machine Translation (2016)

Neural machine translation has recently achieved impressive results, while using little in the way of external linguistic information. In this paper we show that the strong learning capability of neural MT models does not make linguistic features redundant; they can be easily incorporated to provide further improvements in performance. We generalize the embedding layer of the encoder in the attentional encoder--decoder architecture to support the inclusion of arbitrary features, in addition to the baseline word feature. We add morphological features, part-of-speech tags, and syntactic dependency labels as input features to EnglishGerman, and English->Romanian neural machine translation systems. In experiments on WMT16 training and test sets, we find that linguistic input features improve model quality according to three metrics: perplexity, BLEU and CHRF3. An open-source implementation of our neural MT system is available, as are sample files and configurations.
An Overview of Service-Oriented Spatial Information Integration and Sharing (2012)

This paper summarizes and studies the method of sharing and dynamic integration of spatial information from the perspective of data acquisition,data integration,information service integration,system integration and application integration,explores the technique of heterogeneous multi-source information sharing and integration in distributed environment,analyzes the bottleneck problem in spatial information service,and look ahead to the future development of spatial information service.
THE ROLE OF ZIGBEE TECHNOLOGY IN FUTURE DATA COMMUNICATION SYSTEM (2009)

ZigBee is an IEEE 802.15.4 standard for data communications with business and consumer devices. It is designed around low-power consumption allowing batteries to essentially last forever. The ZigBee standard provides network, security, and application support services operating on top of the IEEE 802.15.4 Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) wireless standard. It employs a suite of technologies to enable scalable, self-organizing, self-healing networks that can manage various data traffic patterns. ZigBee is a low-cost, low-power, wireless mesh networking standard. The low cost allows the technology to be widely deployed in wireless control and monitoring applications, the low power-usage allows longer life with smaller batteries, and the mesh networking provides high reliability and larger range.ZigBee has been developed to meet the growing demand for capable wireless networking between numerous lowpower devices. In industry ZigBee is being used for next generation automated manufacturing, with small transmitters in every device on the floor, allowing for communication between devices to a central computer. This new level of communication permits finely-tuned remote monitoring and manipulation.
Low-Energy Consumption RSFQ Circuits Driven by Low Voltages (2013)

We report successful operations of low-energy consumption rapid single-flux-quantum (RSFQ) circuits applying lowered driving voltages, called LV-RSFQ, using different fabrication processes. In the LV-RSFQ, we feed bias currents to Josephson junctions from lowered constant voltages (less than 1 mV) through small resistors without extra inductors. Both static and dynamic energy consumption are reduced because of suppression of amplitudes of SFQ pulses, in exchange for slower switching speed. We show that the switching speed in LV-RSFQ circuits is improved by increasing critical current density of Josephson junctions. We demonstrated high-speed operations of LV-RSFQ shift registers in a range of 5-40 GHz and 15-90 GHz using the 2.5-kA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and 10-kA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> fabrication technologies, respectively. Comparison of the experimental results of the LV-RSFQ circuits fabricated using two different technologies derives the optimum bias voltage in terms of energy-delay product ranged from 0.1 to 1.0 <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C</sub> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</sub> , where <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C</sub> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</sub> is the product of Josephson critical current and shunt resistance.
Developmental regulation and significance of KNOX protein trafficking in <i>Arabidopsis</i> (2003)

Intercellular communication delivers critical information for position-dependent specification of cell fate. In plants, a novel mechanism for cell-to-cell communication involves the intercellular trafficking of regulatory proteins and mRNAs. The maize KNOTTED1 (KN1) gene acts non cell-autonomously in the maize leaf, and KN1 was the first plant protein shown to traffic cell-to-cell, presumably through plasmodesmata. We have compared the intercellular trafficking of green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusions of KN1 and Arabidopsis KN1-related homeobox proteins to that of the viral movement protein from turnip vein clearing tobamovirus. We show that there is specific developmental regulation of GFP approximately KN1 trafficking. GFP -- KN1 was able to traffic from the inner layers of the leaf to the epidermis, but not in the opposite direction, from epidermis to mesophyll. However, GFP or the GFP -- movement protein fusion moved readily out of the epidermis. GFP -- KN1 was however able to traffic out of the epidermal (L1) layer in the shoot apical meristem, indicating that KN1 movement out of the L1 was developmentally regulated. GFP -- KNAT1/BREVIPEDICELLUS and GFP -- SHOOTMERISTEMLESS fusions could also traffic from the L1 to the L2/L3 layers of the meristem. In a test for the functional significance of trafficking, we showed that L1-specific expression of KN1 or of KNAT1 was able to partially complement the strong shootmeristemless-11 (stm-11) mutant. However, a cell-autonomous GUS fusion to KN1 showed neither trafficking ability nor complementation of stm-11 when expressed in the L1. These results suggest that the activity of KN1 and related homeobox proteins is maintained following intercellular trafficking, and that trafficking may be required for their normal developmental function.
CLINICAL ORGAN PRESERVATION WITH UW SOLUTION (1989)

La conservation du foie et du pancreas fait appel a la solution U.W. (University of Niconsin) et a la solution Euro Collins, mais souvent une des variantes. En raison des echanges croissants des organes entre les centres on preconise de reserver le terme «conservation par la solution U.W.» uniquement lorsque la methode originelle est suivie et d'utiliser le terme «combinee» lorsque de multiples solutions de lavage sont utilisees
Isolation of Extracellular Membranous Vesicles for Proteomic Analysis (2009)

Membranous vesicles are constitutively released by a multitude of cell types. Following fusion of multivesicular bodies with the plasma membrane, endocytic vesicles, 30-90 nm in size termed exosomes are released extracellularly. Whilst several groups have reported the presence of exosomes in cell-culture conditioned medium, their biological and physiological functions still remain unclear. In addition, exosomes have been detected in body fluids associated with disease, further demonstrating their potential as diagnostic biomarkers. This protocol employs size filtration followed by ultracentrifugation to isolate and purify exosomes from the colon carcinoma cell line LIM 1215. Morphological visualisation and characterisation is based on electron microscopy and western blotting, whilst protein identification is achieved using a combination of 1D SDS-PAGE and LC-MS/MS.
Glioblastoma Model Using Human Cerebral Organoids (2018)

We have developed a cancer model of gliomas in human cerebral organoids that allows direct observation of tumor initiation as well as continuous microscopic observations. We used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to target an HRas<sup>G12V</sup>-IRES-tdTomato construct by homologous recombination into the TP53 locus. Results show that transformed cells rapidly become invasive and destroy surrounding organoid structures, overwhelming the entire organoid. Tumor cells in the organoids can be orthotopically xenografted into immunodeficient NOD/SCID IL2RG<sup>-/-</sup> animals, exhibiting an invasive phenotype. Organoid-generated putative tumor cells show gene expression profiles consistent with mesenchymal subtype human glioblastoma. We further demonstrate that human-organoid-derived tumor cell lines or primary human-patient-derived glioblastoma cell lines can be transplanted into human cerebral organoids to establish invasive tumor-like structures. Our results show potential for the use of organoids as a platform to test human cancer phenotypes that recapitulate key aspects of malignancy.
Active millimeter-wave video rate imaging with a staring 120-element microbolometer array (2004)

Passive indoors imaging of weapons concealed under clothing poses a formidable challenge for millimeter-wave imagers due to the sub-picowatt signal levels present in the scene. Moreover, video-rate imaging requires a large number of pixels, which leads to a very complex and expensive front end for the imager. To meet the concealed weapons detection challenge, our approach uses a low cost pulsed-noise source as an illuminator and an array of room-temperature antenna-coupled microbolometers as the detectors. The reflected millimeter-wave power is detected by the bolometers, gated, integrated and amplified by audio-frequency amplifiers, and after digitization, displayed in real time on a PC display. We present recently acquired videos obtained with the 120-element array, and comprehensively describe the performance characteristics of the array in terms of sensitivity, optical efficiency, uniformity and spatial resolution. Our results show that active imaging with antenna-coupled microbolometers can yield imagery comparable to that obtained with systems using MMIC amplifiers but with a cost per pixel that is orders of magnitude lower.
Nonphotochemical Laser-Induced Crystal Nucleation by an Evanescent Wave (2015)

Crystal nucleation at a glass–solution interface has been demonstrated by evanescent-wave laser-induced nucleation for the first time. Nucleation was induced in supersaturated aqueous potassium chloride (KCl) solutions. The interaction volume was estimated to be <2 nL, localized within approximately 100 nm of the interface. Measurements of the power dependence of nucleation events showed a laser power threshold that was approximately 3 times higher than that in experiments in bulk solution; the average number of nucleation events above threshold was similar to that in bulk. Surfaces treated with a hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane-based coating showed no nucleation over the coated regions. The localization offered by this method has significant potential benefit for studies of the nucleation mechanism or for patterning of crystal nuclei in two dimensions.