gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The roles of CD81 and glycosaminoglycans in the adsorption and uptake of infectious HCV particles (2007)

Because appropriate cell-culture systems or small-animal models have been lacking, the early steps in the HCV life cycle have been difficult to study. A cell culture system was developed recently that allows production of infectious HCV. In this study, infectious HCV particles produced in cultured cells were used. To clarify the role of CD81 in HCV attachment and entry, the effect of anti-CD81 antibody was examined. The antibody blocked HCV virion entry but not particle attachment. Only the fraction bound to a heparin affinity column and eluted with 0.3 M NaCl productively infected Huh7 cells, indicating that infectious HCV particles bind to heparin. Both heparin treatment of the virus particles and heparinase treatment of the Huh7 cells reduced virus-cell binding without substantially inhibiting HCV infectivity. Finally, to confirm the role of both heparin sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) and CD81 in HCV entry, the effects of heparinase I and anti-CD81 antibody were analyzed. No productive RNA replication was detected in the Huh7 cells in the presence of both heparinase I and anti-CD81 antibody. In conclusion, these data suggested that both HSPG and CD81 are important for HCV entry. HSPG may play a role in the initial cell surface binding of infectious HCV particles and CD81 is conceivably correlated with HCV entry after viral attachment.
Olefin Metathesis: A New Tool in the Synthesis of Organic Sulfur Compounds (1993)

Abstract The metathesis of acyclic or cyclic olefinic sulfides is successfully achieved by using a chloroaryloxide neopentylidene complex of tungsten as catalyst. This reaction constitutes a new route to the synthesis of various olefins, dienes or unsaturated polymers containing one or more S atoms.
A microRNA Signature Associated with Early Recurrence in Breast Cancer (2014)

Recurrent breast cancer occurring after the initial treatment is associated with poor outcome. A bimodal relapse pattern after surgery for primary tumor has been described with peaks of early and late recurrence occurring at about 2 and 5 years, respectively. Although several clinical and pathological features have been used to discriminate between low- and high-risk patients, the identification of molecular biomarkers with prognostic value remains an unmet need in the current management of breast cancer. Using microarray-based technology, we have performed a microRNA expression analysis in 71 primary breast tumors from patients that either remained disease-free at 5 years post-surgery (group A) or developed early (group B) or late (group C) recurrence. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of microRNA expression data segregated tumors in two groups, mainly corresponding to patients with early recurrence and those with no recurrence. Microarray data analysis and RT-qPCR validation led to the identification of a set of 5 microRNAs (the 5-miRNA signature) differentially expressed between these two groups: miR-149, miR-10a, miR-20b, miR-30a-3p and miR-342-5p. All five microRNAs were down-regulated in tumors from patients with early recurrence. We show here that the 5-miRNA signature defines a high-risk group of patients with shorter relapse-free survival and has predictive value to discriminate non-relapsing versus early-relapsing patients (AUC = 0.993, p-value<0.05). Network analysis based on miRNA-target interactions curated by public databases suggests that down-regulation of the 5-miRNA signature in the subset of early-relapsing tumors would result in an overall increased proliferative and angiogenic capacity. In summary, we have identified a set of recurrence-related microRNAs with potential prognostic value to identify patients who will likely develop metastasis early after primary breast surgery.
Phosphoinositide 3-kinasey signalling: a structural perspective (2001)

Conference Abstract| June 01 2001 Phosphoinositide 3-kinasey signalling: a structural perspective R. L. Williams; R. L. Williams 1MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB22QH, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M. E. Pacold; M. E. Pacold 1MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB22QH, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar E. H. Walker; E. H. Walker 1MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB22QH, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar O. Perisic; O. Perisic 1MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB22QH, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar S. Suire; S. Suire 2The Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridge CB24AT, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar L. Stephens; L. Stephens 2The Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridge CB24AT, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J. F. Eccleston J. F. Eccleston 3NIMR, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (2001) 29 (3): A46. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst029a046c Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation R. L. Williams, M. E. Pacold, E. H. Walker, O. Perisic, S. Suire, L. Stephens, J. F. Eccleston; Phosphoinositide 3-kinasey signalling: a structural perspective. Biochem Soc Trans 1 June 2001; 29 (3): A46. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst029a046c Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2001 Biochemical Society2001 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Workload driven index defragmentation (2010)

Decision support queries that scan large indexes can suffer significant degradation in I/O performance due to index fragmentation. DBAs rely on rules of thumb that use index size and fragmentation information to accomplish the task of deciding which indexes to defragment. However, there are two fundamental limitations that make this task challenging. First, database engines offer little support to help estimate the impact of defragmenting an index on the I/O performance of a query. Second, defragmentation is supported only at the granularity of an entire B+-Tree, which can be too restrictive since defragmentation is an expensive operation. This paper describes techniques for addressing the above limitations. We also study the problem of selecting the appropriate indexes to defragment for a given workload. We have implemented our techniques in Microsoft SQL Server and developed a tool that can provide appropriate index defragmentation recommendations to DBAs. We evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed techniques on several real and synthetic databases.
Synthesis and properties of novel polyimide/nylon-6 triblock copolymers (2000)

Nylon-6-b-polyimide-b-nylon-6 copolymers were prepared by first synthesizing a series of imide oligomers end-capped with phenyl 4-aminobenzoate. The oligomers were then used to activate the anionic polymerization of molten ϵ-caprolactam. In the block copolymer syntheses, the phenyl ester groups reacted quickly with caprolactam anions at 120 °C to generate N-acyllactam moieties, which activated the anionic polymerization. In essence, nylon-6 chains grew from the oligomer chain ends. All of the block copolymers had higher moduli and tensile strengths than those of nylon-6. However, their elongations at break were much lower. The thermal stability, chemical resistance, moisture resistance, and impact strength were dramatically increased by the incorporation of only 5 wt % polyimide in the block copolymers. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 38: 4247–4257, 2000
Discovery of 1-(3‘-Aminobenzisoxazol-5‘-yl)-3-trifluoromethyl-<i>N</i>-[2-fluoro-4- [(2‘-dimethylaminomethyl)imidazol-1-yl]phenyl]-1<i>H</i>-pyrazole-5-carboxyamide Hydrochloride (Razaxaban), a Highly Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable Factor Xa Inhibitor (2004)

Modification of a series of pyrazole factor Xa inhibitors to incorporate an aminobenzisoxazole as the P(1) ligand resulted in compounds with improved selectivity for factor Xa relative to trypsin and plasma kallikrein. Further optimization of the P(4) moiety led to compounds with enhanced permeability and reduced protein binding. The SAR and pharmacokinetic profile of this series of compounds is described herein. These efforts culminated in 1-(3'-aminobenzisoxazol-5'-yl)-3-trifluoromethyl-N-[2-fluoro-4-[(2'-dimethylaminomethyl)imidazol-1-yl]phenyl]-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxyamide (11d), a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable inhibitor of factor Xa. On the basis of its excellent in vitro potency and selectivity profile, high free fraction in human plasma, good oral bioavailability, and in vivo efficacy in antithrombotic models, the HCl salt of this compound was selected for clinical development as razaxaban (DPC 906, BMS-561389).
Non-Peptide Fibrinogen Receptor Antagonists. 7. Design and Synthesis of a Potent, Orally Active Fibrinogen Receptor Antagonist (1995)

The design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of L-734,217, a potent, low-molecular weight, orally active fibrinogen receptor antagonist, is reported. A strategy for producing low-molecular weight inhibitors from the peptide c-[(Ac)CRGDC] A, previously reported from these laboratories, is outlined. This strategy combines a retrodesign analysis of the conformationally defined cyclic peptide A with stereochemical information present in the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) tripeptide sequence, culminating with the discovery of L-734,217. L-734,217 inhibited the aggregation of human, dog, and chimpanzee platelets at concentrations below 100 nM and was found to be > 15000-fold less effective at inhibiting the attachment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells to fibrinogen, fibronectin, and vitronectin than it was at inhibiting the aggregation of platelets. L-734,217 showed significant ex vivo antiplatelet activity following oral administration in dogs and chimpanzees at doses of 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg, respectively, and has been selected as a clinical candidate for development as an antithrombotic agent.
Enhancing Reliability of Combinational Circuits against Soft Errors by Using a Generalized Modular Redundancy Scheme (2013)

Nano-scale devices are continuously shrinking, operating at lower voltages and higher frequencies. This makes them more susceptible to environmental perturbations, and distinguished by their high dynamic fault rates. Redundancy techniques are widely used to increase the reliability of combinational logic circuits. In this paper, a generalized modular redundancy (GMR) scheme to enhance the reliability of combinational circuits is proposed. Additionally, several aspects regarding the application of this scheme are explored. Also, a methodology for applying GMR scheme is developed. Reliability analysis shows that the proposed methodology can achieve reliability figures higher than that of triple modular redundancy (TMR). In general, significant overhead savings are accomplished in addition to that superior reliability.
The Impact of Representative Aerodynamic Flow Fields on Liquid Fuel Atomisation in Modern Gas Turbine Fuel Injectors (2014)

In modern gas turbine engines swirl is typically imparted to the airflow as it enters the region of heat release to stabilize the flame. This swirling airstream is often highly turbulent and contains non-uniformities such as swirl vane wakes. However, it is within this environment that fuel atomization takes place. This paper is concerned with the potential effect of these airstream characteristics on the atomization process. Such a flow field is difficult to capture within simplified geometries and so measurements have been made within, and downstream of, injector representative geometries. This is experimentally challenging and required the application of a variety of techniques. The geometry considered is thought typical of an air-blast style injector, as may be used within current or future applications, whereby liquid fuel is introduced onto a pre-filming surface over which an airstream passes. Data is presented which characterizes the atomizing airstream presented to the pre-filming region. This includes significant flow field non-uniformities and turbulence characteristics that are mainly associated with the swirling flow along with the vanes used to impart this swirl. The subsequent development of these aerodynamic features over the pre-filming surface is also captured with, for example, swirl vane wakes being evident through the injector passage and into the downstream flow field. It is argued these characteristics will be common to many injector designs. Measurements with and without fuel indicate the effect of the liquid film, on the non-dimensional aerodynamic flow field upstream of the pre-filming region, is minimal. However, the amount of airflow passing through the pre-filming passage is affected. In addition to characterization of the airstream, its impact on the liquid fuel film and its development along the pre-filming surface is visualized. Furthermore, PDA measurements downstream of the fuel injector (i.e. the injector ‘far-field) are presented and the observed spray characteristics spatially correlated with the upstream aerodynamic atomizing flow field. Hence for the first time a series of experimental techniques have been used to capture and correlate both near and far field atomization characteristics within an engine representative aerodynamic flow field.
FAWNA (2006)

The concept of a fiber aided wireless network architecture (FAWNA) is introduced in [Ray et al., Allerton 2005], which allows high-speed mobile connectivity by leveraging the speed of optical networks. In this paper, we consider a single-input, multiple-output (SIMO) FAWNA, which consists of a SIMO wireless channel interfaced to an optical fiber channel, through wireless-optical interfaces. We propose a scheme where the received wireless signal at each interface is quantized and sent over the fiber. The capacity of our scheme approaches the capacity of the architecture, exponentially with fiber capacity. We show that for a given fiber capacity, there is an optimal operating wireless bandwidth and an optimal number of wireless-optical interfaces. We also address the question of how fiber capacity should be divided between the interfaces. We show that an optimal allocation is one which ensures that each interface gets at least that fraction of the fiber capacity which ensures that its noise is dominated by front end noise rather than by quantizer distortion. After this requirement is met, SIMO-FAWNA capacity is almost invariant to allocation of left over fiber capacity. The wireless-optical interfaces of our scheme have low complexity and do not require knowledge of the transmitter code book. They are also extendable to FAWNAs with large number of transmitters and interfaces and, offer adaptability to variable rates, changing channel conditions and node positions.
Acoustic space reproduction method, sound recording device, and sound recording medium (1994)

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P‐34: Active Matrix Programmable Monolithic Light Emitting Diodes on Silicon (LEDoS) Displays (2011)

Abstract In this paper, the first full‐color active matrix programmable monolithic Light Emitting Diodes on Silicon (LEDoS) displays are fabricated using flip‐chip technology. The forward voltage uniformity of the LED pixels was greatly improved by a double‐side ground structure. A basic LED micro‐array module was fabricated and the AM substrate has scaling‐up ability. By integrating a certain number of LED micro‐array modules onto a large‐scale AM substrate, a large‐scale display is obtained. By this scaling‐up method, the utilization rate of the LED wafers is increased significantly. The yield of the LED pixels is improved simultaneously. Red, green and blue phosphors were excited by UV light to realize a full‐color display.
Hypomethylation of long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) leads to activation of proto-oncogenes in human colorectal cancer metastasis (2013)

Our results provide novel evidence that hypomethylation of specific LINE-1 elements permits inadvertent activation of methylation-silenced MET, RAB3IP and CHRM3 proto-oncogenes in CRC metastasis. Moreover, since 5-hmc content inversely correlated with LINE-1 hypomethylation in neoplastic tissues, our results provide important mechanistic insights into the fundamental processes underlying global DNA hypomethylation in human CRC.
Constrained Optimization Applied to the Parameter Setting Problem for Analog Circuits (1991)

We use constrained optimization to select operating parameters for two circuits: a simple 3-transistor square root circuit, and an analog VLSI artificial cochlea. This automated method uses computer controlled measurement\nand test equipment to choose chip parameters which minimize\nthe difference between the actual circuit's behavior and a specified goal behavior. Choosing the proper circuit parameters is important to compensate for manufacturing deviations or adjust circuit performance within\na certain range. As biologically-motivated analog VLSI circuits become increasingly complex, implying more parameters, setting these parameters by hand will become more cumbersome. Thus an automated parameter\nsetting method can be of great value [Fleischer 90]. Automated parameter setting is an integral part of a goal-based engineering design methodology in which circuits are constructed with parameters enabling a wide range\nof behaviors, and are then "tuned" to the desired behaviors automatically.
Von Willebrand syndrome induced by a Bothrops venom factor: bioassay for venom coagglutinin. (1981)

Hereditary deficiency of the macromolecular Factor VIII complex results in classic von Willebrand disease in man and animals, a bleeder state characterized by loss of the multiple biologic activities associated with the Factor VIII complex, including the platelet-aggregating von Willebrand factor. The bleeding time is also long. Venom coagglutinin, a Bothrops factor that causes platelet aggregation in vitro, depletes the plasma of its von Willebrand factor. The rate of platelet aggregation is a function of the amount of the coagglutinin present. Based on this observation, a sensitive and quantitative assay for the venom coagglutinin was developed. We administered the purified Bothrops factor to normal pigs and dogs and induced a von Willebrand syndrome similar to the inherited disease. The plasma von Willebrand factor was severely depleted; the antihemophilic factor and the Factor VIII-related antigen were not depleted as much. The bleeding time was normal. During the induction phase of the syndrome, transient thrombocytopenia with a long bleeding time occurred. The pig was less sensitive than the dog to the effect of coagglutinin. The severity of the syndrome is determined by the amount of venom coagglutinin administered. It is suggested that the syndrome could be induced in any mammalian species because the plasma of all mammals tested in vitro is sensitive to the venom factor. This model provides another avenue for the study of the heterogeneity of the Factor VIII complex and the pathophysiology of its components.
Text2video: Text-Driven Talking-Head Video Synthesis with Personalized Phoneme - Pose Dictionary (2022)

With the advance of deep learning technology, automatic video generation from audio or text has become an emerging and promising research topic. In this paper, we present a novel approach to synthesize video from the text. The method builds a phoneme-pose dictionary and trains a generative adversarial network (GAN) to generate video from interpolated phoneme poses. Compared to audio-driven video generation algorithms, our approach has a number of advantages: 1) It only needs about 1 min of the training data, which is significantly less than audio-driven approaches; 2) It is more flexible and not subject to vulnerability due to speaker variation; 3) It significantly reduces the preprocessing and training time from several days for audio-based methods to 4 hours, which is 10 times faster. We perform extensive experiments to compare the proposed method with state-of-the-art talking face generation methods on a benchmark dataset and datasets of our own. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of our approach.
Impact of geometry on the performance of memristive nanodevices (2011)

We examined the influence of memristor geometry on switching endurance by comparing ribbed and planar TiO(2)-based cross-point devices with 50 nm × 50 nm lateral dimensions. We observed that planar devices exhibited a factor of over four improvement in median endurance value over ribbed structures for otherwise identical structures. Our simulations indicated that the corners in the upper wires of the ribbed devices experienced higher current density and more heating during device forming and switching, and hence a shorter life time.
Guanidine Soaps As Vehicles For Coating Ceramic Fibers (1994)

Soaps made from strong organic base guanidine and organic fatty acids serve as vehicles and binders for coating ceramic fibers, various smooth substrates, and other problematic surfaces with thin precious-metal or metal-oxide films. Films needed to serve as barriers to diffusion in fiber/matrix ceramic composite materials. Guanidine soaps entirely organic and burn off, leaving no residues.
TVT (tension-free vaginal tape): an ambulatory surgical procedure under local anesthesia for treatment of female stress urinary incontinence. (1997)

TVT-Tension-free vaginal tape An ambulatory surgical procedure under local anesthesia for treatment of female stress urinary incontinence
Clustering data through an analogy to the Potts model (1995)

A new approach for clustering is proposed. This method is based on an analogy to a physical model; the ferromagnetic Potts model at thermal equilibrium is used as an analog computer for this hard optimization problem. We do not assume any structure of the underlying distribution of the data. Phase space of the Potts model is divided into three regions; ferromagnetic, super-paramagnetic and paramagnetic phases. The region of interest is that corresponding to the super-paramagnetic one, where domains of aligned spins appear. The range of temperatures where these structures are stable is indicated by a non-vanishing magnetic susceptibility. We use a very efficient Monte Carlo algorithm to measure the susceptibility and the spin spin correlation function. The values of the spin spin correlation function, at the super-paramagnetic phase, serve to identify the partition of the data points into clusters. Many natural phenomena can be viewed as optimization processes, and the drive to understa...