gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photorealistic rendering of knitwear using the lumislice (2001)

We present a method for efficient synthesis of photorealistic free-form knitwear. Our approach is motivated by the observation that a single cross-section of yarn can serve as the basic primitive for modeling entire articles of knitwear. This primitive, called the lumislice, describes radiance from a yarn cross-section based on fine-level interactions — such as occlusion, shadowing, and multiple scattering — among yarn fibers. By representing yarn as a sequence of identical but rotated cross-sections, the lumislice can effectively propagate local microstructure over arbitrary stitch patterns and knitwear shapes. This framework accommodates varying levels of detail and capitalizes on hardware-assisted transparency blending. To further enhance realism, a technique for generating soft shadows from yarn is also introduced.
A Tyrosine-sulfated Peptide Based on the N Terminus of CCR5 Interacts with a CD4-enhanced Epitope of the HIV-1 gp120 Envelope Glycoprotein and Inhibits HIV-1 Entry (2000)

The sequential association of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein gp120 with CD4 and a seven-transmembrane segment coreceptor such as CCR5 or CXCR4 initiates entry of the virus into its target cell. The N terminus of CCR5, which contains several sulfated tyrosines, plays a critical role in the CD4-dependent association of gp120 with CCR5 and in viral entry. Here we demonstrate that a tyrosine-sulfated peptide based on the N terminus of CCR5, but not its unsulfated analogue, inhibits infection of macrophages and peripheral blood mononuclear cells by CCR5-dependent, but not CXCR4-dependent, HIV-1 isolates. The sulfated peptide also inhibited the association of CCR5-expressing cells with gp120-soluble CD4 complexes and, less efficiently, with MIP-1alpha. Moreover, this peptide inhibited the precipitation of gp120 by 48d and 23e antibodies, which recognize CD4-inducible gp120 epitopes, but not by several other antibodies that recognize proximal epitopes. The ability of the sulfated peptide to block 48d association with gp120 was dependent in part on seven tropism-determining residues in the third variable (V3) and fourth conserved (C4) domains of gp120. These data underscore the important role of the N-terminal sulfate moieties of CCR5 in the entry of R5 HIV-1 isolates and localize a critical contact between gp120 and CCR5.
Maximizing Asset Value of Combustion Turbines (2003)

An, improved gas-turbine supercharging technology [1–3], newly patented, uses variable supercharging with enhanced fogging or evaporative cooling (enhanced supercharging) to sustain mass density through a turbine system at maximum allowable level for the supercharged turbine, allowing output similar to that available normally at cold weather and sea level conditions all year long. Using variable pitch fans to modulate pressure increases, enhanced supercharging increases pressures to restore mass flow levels as high as possible without surpassing torque limits on the shaft or other constraining factors, such as generator capacity. Increased fogging then removes sensible heat added by the fan, essentially straight lining output throughout the year at the maximum output for which the turbine system has been designed. Largest increases in output occur on the hottest days, but significant increases also occur at ISO conditions and below. Achievable increments of net output on a peak summer day can be nine times higher than fogging alone, the currently preferred augmentation mode for combustion turbines. Enhanced supercharging increases shareholder value by maximizing the increase in economic value added (EVA) for combustion turbine assets [4]. Under EVA, an investment that returns 9% when the cost of capital is 9% would be counted as adding no increment of profit or value to a company. Whether a combustion turbine has an augmentation system or has none, enhanced supercharging almost always adds significant EVA. The EVA for enhanced supercharging often exceeds other options by an order of magnitude. Enhanced supercharging produces greatest profits on combined-cycle plants, although it will also produce additional EVA on many simple-cycle engines. As the power industry struggles to return to profitability, enhanced supercharging offers a simple and straightforward means to increase shareholder value, returning on average 15 times the economic value added of investments in base power plants. For new plants, the increment of value may be sufficient to turn a “no-go” into a “go” decision. For existing plants enhanced supercharging can to turn a lackluster financial year into a profitable one.
Targeted transplantation of mitochondria to hepatocytes (2016)

Rescue of mitochondria-damaged hepatocytes can be achieved by targeted uptake of normal mitochondria through receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Deformable model-based shape and motion analysis from images using motion residual error (2002)

We present a novel method for the shape and motion estimation of a deformable model using error residuals from model-based motion analysis. The motion of the model is first estimated using a model-based least squares method. Using the residuals from the least squares solution, the non-rigid structure of the model can be better estimated by computing how changes in the shape of the model affect its motion parameterization. This method is implemented as a component in a deformable model-based framework that uses optical flow information and edges. This general model-based framework is applied to human face shape and motion estimation. We present experiments that demonstrate that this framework is a considerable improvement over a framework that uses only optical flow information and edges.
Wavetracing: Ray tracing for the propagation of band‐limited signals: Part 2 — Applications (2001)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2001Wavetracing: Ray tracing for the propagation of band‐limited signals: Part 2 — ApplicationsAuthors: John K. WashbourneKenneth P. BubeJohn K. WashbourneTomoSeis and Kenneth P. BubeUniversity of Washingtonhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1816285 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1816285FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByWave‐like rays in traveltime tomographyJohn K. Washbourne, Kenneth P. Bube, Pedro L. Carrillo, and Carl M. Addington15 December 2008 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2001ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2001 Pages: 2135 publication data© 2001 Copyright © 2001 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 03 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION John K. Washbourne and Kenneth P. Bube, (2001), "Wavetracing: Ray tracing for the propagation of band‐limited signals: Part 2 — Applications," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1135-1138. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1816285 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Synthesis of Glassy Fe&ndash;Co&ndash;Nd&ndash;Zr&ndash;B Alloys and Their Crystallization-Induced Magnetic Properties (1998)

A new Fe-based amorphous alloy exhibiting the glass transition and supercooled liquid region before crystallization was searched in the composition range of Fe63Co7Nd10−xZrxB20(x=0 to 6 at%). The amorphous alloys containing 4 to 6 at%Zr were found to exhibit the glass transition, followed by a supercooled liquid region. The crystallization from the supercooled liquid of the 4%Zr alloy occurred through three stages of Am→Am′+Fe3B→Am″+Fe3B+γ-Fe+Nd2Fe23B3+Fe2Zr+Fe3Zr→α-Fe+Fe2Zr+Fe3Zr+Nd2Fe14B+Fe2B+ZrB2. In the crystallized state, the 4% and 6%Zr alloys exhibited hard magnetic properties, i.e., saturation magnetization of 1.15 to 1.18 T, remanence of 0.75 to 0.76 T, coercive force of 30 to 58 kA/m and maximum energy product of 7.8 to 13 kJ/m3. The grain sizes of the α-Fe and Nd2Fe14B phases for the 4%Zr alloy subjected to optimum annealing were about 45 and 25 nm, respectively. The fine mixed structure was thought to reveal the hard magnetic properties by the exchange magnetic coupling mechanism even in the coexistent state with Fe2Zr, Fe3Zr, Fe2B and ZrB2. The appearance of the glass transition also implies that the 4%Zr and 6%Zr alloys have a high glass-forming ability leading to the formation of a bulk amorphous alloy. The finding that the amorphous alloys exhibited the glass transition in the as-quenched state and the hard magnetic properties in the crystallized state is important, because the direct production of a bulk hard magnetic alloy by a simple process is expected, such as the crystallization of the cast bulk amorphous alloy.
Extremely sensitive magnetoresistance sensors using few-layer graphene/boron-nitride (2017)

Understanding magnetoresistance, the change in electrical resistance upon an external magnetic field, at the atomic level is of great interest both fundamentally and technologically.
Expression of the Gene of Glycerol Dehydrogenase from Hansenula polymorpha Dl-1 in Escherichia coli for the Production of Chiral Compounds (2002)

For the production of chiral compounds, an Escherichia coli HB101 strain was transformed. A chiral column that could resolve the three 2,3-butanediol isomers and the two acetoin isomers was used to demonstrate the stereospecificity of the enzyme. The H. polymorpha DL-1 gene product, glycerol dehydrogenase, catalyses the NAD+-dependent oxidation of 2,3-butanediol to acetoin as well as the corresponding reverse reactions. The recombinant E. coli HB101 strain harbouring the expression plasmid produced (3R)-acetoin [99% yield, >99.9% enantiomeric excess (e.e.)] from 110 mM (2R, 3R)-2,3-butanediol and (3S)-acetoin (99% yield, >99.9% e.e.) from 110 mM meso-2,3-butanediol after 24 h of incubation, showing specificity towards the secondary alcohol in R-configuration. From a racemate of 110 mM 2,3-butanediol (the molar ratio of 17 (2R, 3R) : 15 (2S, 3S) : 78 (meso)), (2S, 3S)-2,3-butanediol (15 mM, 92% e.e.) was obtained in the resting-cell reaction without any additive to regenerate NAD+ from NADH.
Measurements of All-Dielectric Compound Metaoptics for Wavefront Transformation (2020)

Reflectionless and lossless metasurfaces can manipulate the propagation of electromagnetic waves by applying a phase discontinuity to a wavefront. While phase-only control is sufficient to perform simple refractive functions, more advanced applications such as establishing custom antenna apertures, forming custom optical beam-splitters, and projecting complex-valued holograms require manipulation of both the phase and amplitude of a wave. Here, we show that a pair of lossless metasurfaces arranged along a common axis (forming a compound metaoptic) can implement phase and amplitude control without loss. We report measurements of compound metaoptics at near-infrared wavelengths, demonstrating a beam-splitter with a custom 4:1 intensity ratio between two output beams.
Method for conversion of C/sub 3/ and C/sub 4/ hydrocarbons to olefinic products (1986)

A method is described for converting feed hydrocarbons comprising at least one of C/sub 3/ and C/sub 4/ hydrocarbons to less saturated hydrocarbons comprising: contacting the feed hydrocarbons with a catalyst composition selected from the group consisting of: (a) a catalyst composition consisting essentially of: about 0.1 to 30 wt. % of each of (1) at least one oxide of at least one element selected from the group consisting of silicon, aluminum and titanium, and (2) at least one oxide of manganese and the balance of (3) at least one oxide of magnesium, and (b) a catalyst composition consisting essentially of: about 0.1 to 30 wt. % of each of (1) at least one oxide of at least one element selected from the group consisting of silicon, aluminum and titanium, (2) at least one oxide of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of calcium, strontium, barium, tin and antimony, and (3) at least one oxide of manganese, and the balance of (4) at least one oxide of magnesium, the wt. % being expressed in terms of the element based on the total weight of the catalyst, under conditions sufficient to convert the feed hydrocarbons to the lessmore » saturated product hydrocarbons.« less
Abstract 13479: Identification of microRNAs that Target mRNA Encoding Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (2014)

Introduction: The minor allele of a common variant (rs5068) in the 3’UTR of NPPA, the gene encoding atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), is associated with increased plasma ANP levels, lower blood pressure, and reduced risk of hypertension. A microRNA (miR-425) expressed in the human heart binds to a sequence spanning rs5068 for the major but not the minor allele leading to reduced ANP biosynthesis. mRNAs typically contain multiple miR-binding sites, and binding of different miRs often coordinately regulates the function of any given mRNA. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that miRs, in addition to miR-425, target NPPA mRNA and that interference with miR-based silencing of NPPA mRNA using miR antagonists (antimiRs) could be used to increase ANP biosynthesis. Methods: Luciferase reporter assays were used to screen 10 miRs that are predicted in silico to interact with the NPPA 3’UTR. The expression levels of validated miRs in human atria were determined. Human cardiomyocyte progenitor cells (hCMPCs) or human embryonic stem cell (HUES 9)-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs) were transfected with antimiRs targeting the validated miRs, and the levels of NPPA mRNA were measured. Results: Of the 10 miRs predicted in silico to interact with the NPPA 3’UTR, we identified 3 miRs (miRs-103, -105, and -107) that reduced luciferase activity in cells containing a luciferase-NPPA 3’UTR construct (miR-103, p=0.034; miR-105, p=0.0009; and miR-107, p=0.021), but the miRs had no effect on luciferase activity in cells containing a luciferase construct in which the predicted miR-binding site in the NPPA 3’UTR was mutated. Using qRT-PCR, the three miRs were detected in human atria. Transfection of an antimiR directed against miR-103, miR-105, or miR-107 increased NPPA mRNA levels in hCMPCs (antimiR-103, p=0.024; antimiR-105, p=0.039; and antimiR-107, p=0.036). Similar results were observed in hESC-CMs. Conclusions: Our studies suggest that miRs-103, -105, and -107 regulate NPPA expression in human cardiomyocytes. AntimiRs directed against these miRs increased NPPA mRNA in human cardiomyocytes. AntimiR-based methods to increase ANP levels may represent a novel approach to the treatment of hypertension.
A method for measuring Time-of-Flight resolution of Positron Emission Tomography scanner (2012)

Time-of-Flight Positron Emission Tomography (TOF-PET) image reconstruction could significantly improve the overall image quality and robustness to inconsistent data corrections. The timing resolution of each PET scanner, which is directly related to the SNR gain in the reconstructed image, plays a key role in the system performance and image quality improvement. However, there is no consensus on how to measure the TOF resolution in the literature. In this paper, we propose a new method for measuring TOF resolution directly from a histogram of raw list-mode data without any calibration or reconstruction. The evaluation results from both GATE simulation and real scanner show that the proposed method could yield an accurate estimation of the TOF resolution of the system. Furthermore, the proposed method also provides the measurements of the intrinsic transverse and axial spatial resolutions without any calibration or reconstruction.
Generation and selection of pluripotent stem cells for robust differentiation to insulin-secreting cells capable of reversing diabetes in rodents (2018)

Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology enables the creation and selection of pluripotent cells with specific genetic traits. This report describes a pluripotent cell line created specifically to form replacement pancreatic cells as a therapy for insulin-dependent diabetes. Beginning with primary pancreatic tissue acquired through organ donation, cells were isolated, re-programmed using non-integrating vectors and exposed to a four day differentiation protocol to generate definitive endoderm, a developmental precursor to pancreas. The best performing iPSC lines were then subjected to a 12-day basic differentiation protocol to generate endocrine pancreas precursors. The line that most consistently generated highly pure populations was selected for further development. This approach created an iPSC-variant cell line, SR1423, with a genetic profile correlated with preferential differentiation toward endodermal lineage at the loss of mesodermal potential. This report further describes an improved differentiation protocol that, coupled with SR1423, generated populations of greater than 60% insulin-expressing cells that secrete insulin in response to glucose and are capable of reversing diabetes in rodents. Created and banked following cGMP guidelines, SR1423 is a candidate cell line for the production of insulin-producing cells useful for the treatment of diabetes.
Spectrally-balanced chromatic approach-lighting system (1977)

Approach lighting system employing combinations of red and blue lights reduces problem of color-based optical illusions. System exploits inherent chromatic aberration of eye to create three-dimensional effect, giving pilot visual clues of position.
A silica/fly ash-based technology for controlling pyrite oxidation. Semi-annual technical progress report, September 1, 1995--February 29, 1996 (1996)

The overall objective is to develop methodologies by which sodium metasilicate or fly ash may produce an effective coating on pyrite surfaces for inhibiting pyrite oxidation. Accomplishments are described for the following tasks: Pyrite surface reactivity; Micro column leaching experiments; and Large column leaching experiments.
SAR Exploration of Tight-Binding Inhibitors of Influenza Virus PA Endonuclease (2019)

Significant efforts have been reported on the development of influenza antivirals including inhibitors of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase PA N-terminal (PA<sub>N</sub>) endonuclease. Based on recently identified, highly active metal-binding pharmacophores (MBPs) for PA<sub>N</sub> endonuclease inhibition, a fragment-based drug development campaign was pursued. Guided by coordination chemistry and structure-based drug design, MBP scaffolds were elaborated to improve activity and selectivity. Structure-activity relationships were established and used to generate inhibitors of influenza endonuclease with tight-binding affinities. The activity of these inhibitors was analyzed using a fluorescence-quenching-based nuclease activity assay, and binding was validated using differential scanning fluorometry. Lead compounds were found to be highly selective for PA<sub>N</sub> endonuclease against several related dinuclear and mononuclear metalloenzymes. Combining principles of bioinorganic and medicinal chemistry in this study has resulted in some of the most active in vitro influenza PA<sub>N</sub> endonuclease inhibitors with high ligand efficiencies.
Site-directed transposon integration in human cells (2007)

The Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon is a promising gene transfer vector that integrates nonspecifically into host cell genomes. Herein, we attempt to direct transposon integration into predetermined DNA sites by coupling a site-specific DNA-binding domain (DBD) to the SB transposase. We engineered fusion proteins comprised of a hyperactive SB transposase (HSB5) joined via a variable-length linker to either end of the polydactyl zinc-finger protein E2C, which binds a unique sequence on human chromosome 17. Although DBD linkage to the C-terminus of SB abolished activity in a human cell transposition assay, the N-terminal addition of the E2C or Gal4 DBD did not. Molecular analyses indicated that these DBD-SB fusion proteins retained DNA-binding specificity for their respective substrate molecules and were capable of mediating bona fide transposition reactions. We also characterized transposon integrations in the presence of the E2C-SB fusion protein to determine its potential to target predefined DNA sites. Our results indicate that fusion protein-mediated tethering can effectively redirect transposon insertion site selection in human cells, but suggest that stable docking of integration complexes may also partially interfere with the cut-and-paste mechanism. These findings illustrate the feasibility of directed transposon integration and highlight potential means for future development.
Potential Flow Turbine and It's Application (1995)

This paper presents a new type of hydraulic reactive turbine with radial wicket gates (gates having pivotal axes parallel to the turbine axis) designated the {open_quotes}Potential Flow Turbine{close_quotes}. The runner in this turbine could be axial. as in a Kaplan turbine, or mixed flow, as in a Francis turbine. The wicket gates in the Potential Flow Turbine are capable of both regulating and closing off flow to the water passages. At the same time they have a shape providing the flow with constant whirl at the entrance to the runner for the design conditions and, therefore, the correspondingly designed runner delivers to the draft tube the flow with whirl equal to zero. The new turbine has improved efficiency and cavitation coefficient, {rho}.
XNOR-Net: ImageNet Classification Using Binary Convolutional Neural\n Networks (2016)

We propose two efficient approximations to standard convolutional neural\nnetworks: Binary-Weight-Networks and XNOR-Networks. In Binary-Weight-Networks,\nthe filters are approximated with binary values resulting in 32x memory saving.\nIn XNOR-Networks, both the filters and the input to convolutional layers are\nbinary. XNOR-Networks approximate convolutions using primarily binary\noperations. This results in 58x faster convolutional operations and 32x memory\nsavings. XNOR-Nets offer the possibility of running state-of-the-art networks\non CPUs (rather than GPUs) in real-time. Our binary networks are simple,\naccurate, efficient, and work on challenging visual tasks. We evaluate our\napproach on the ImageNet classification task. The classification accuracy with\na Binary-Weight-Network version of AlexNet is only 2.9% less than the\nfull-precision AlexNet (in top-1 measure). We compare our method with recent\nnetwork binarization methods, BinaryConnect and BinaryNets, and outperform\nthese methods by large margins on ImageNet, more than 16% in top-1 accuracy.\n
Cross-Linked Thermally Rearranged Poly(benzoxazole-<i>co</i>-imide) Membranes Prepared from <i>ortho</i>-Hydroxycopolyimides Containing Pendant Carboxyl Groups and Gas Separation Properties (2015)

The incorporation of small amounts of 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid (DABA) comonomer (usually 5-20 mol %) into an ortho-hydroxypolyimide (HPI) precursor constitutes a new methodology to easily improve the gas transport performance of thermally rearranged (TR) polymer membranes. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) profiles of HPI with DABA copolyimides (HPID) suggests that there is an overlap between the temperature ranges of two processes: the degradation of DABA carboxyl groups and the actual thermal rearrangement process. During thermal treatment at 450 degrees C, carboxyl pendant groups in DABA degrade while a more rigid biphenyl cross-linked structure is formed either following or at the same time as the rearrangement of imide to benzoxazole. Mixed-gas CO2/CH4 (1:1) experiments proved this new series of cross-linked TR poly(benzoxazole-co-imide) (XTR-PBOI) membranes as superior materials for CO2/CH4 separation applications, with enhanced permeability and selectivity, as well as high resistance to plasticization up to 40 bar.