gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A phenotypic study of cells from burkitt lymphoma and ebv‐b‐lymphoblastoid lines and their relationship to cells in normal lymphoid tissues (1989)

Cells of 7 EBV-B-LCL, 10 Burkitt lines and 13 EBV-B-LCL/Burkitt line hybrids have been phenotyped for antigens of the major B cell clusters and for some other antigens. High levels of CD23 and CD39 and low levels of CD38 (T10) were characteristic of EBV-B-LCL; the converse was true for Burkitt lines. In hybrids the EBV-LCL phenotype was dominant. The phenotype of Burkitt-line cells correlated strongly with that of germinal centre B cells in tonsil sections, but differed markedly from that of marginal zone B cells or follicular mantle cells. The results are discussed in relation to the origin of Burkitt tumours of "sporadic" and "endemic" type, in particular to histopathological evidence that Burkitt lymphomas develop in germinal centres. Recent studies on the location of the breakpoints of Burkitt chromosomal translocations are also considered to be compatible with this concept, even though different regions of the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus are involved in the two types of BL.
Analogs of Substance P modified at the C‐terminus which are both agonist and antagonist of the NK‐1 receptor depending on the second messenger pathway (2002)

The initial goal of this study was to analyze, using photolabeling, the interactions between Substance P and its tachykinin NK-1 receptor. Therefore, the photoreactive amino acid para-benzoyl-phenylalanine (pBzl)Phe was incorporated into the Substance P sequence from position 4 to 11 leading to Bapa0[(pBzl)Phex]SP analogs. Biotinyl sulfone-5-aminopentanoic acid (Bapa) was introduced in order to purify the covalent complex. These photoreactive SP analogs were first assayed for their affinity for the two binding sites associated with the NK-1 receptor, as well as for their potency in activating the phospholipase C and adenylate cyclase pathways. All analogs photoreactive from position 4 to 11 have moderate to high affinity for the two NK-1 receptor-binding sites, except for the analog modified at position 7. This affinity could be correlated to their potency to activate the phospholipase C and adenylate cyclase pathways, except for the analog photoreactive at position 11. Bapa0[(pBzl)Phe11]SP was found to be an agonist in the phospholipase C pathway and an antagonist in the adenylate cyclase pathway, other analogs modified at position 11 were therefore analyzed. Among these, Bapa0[Pro9, (pBzl)Hcy(O2)11]SP is a partial agonist, whereas Bapa0[Hcy(ethylaminodansyl)11]SP is a full agonist in the phospholipase C pathway, the two analogs being antagonist in the adenylate cyclase pathway. These results show that analogs of SP can be simultaneously agonist at one binding site and antagonist at the other binding site associated with the NK-1 receptor.
Spatially optimal Wiener filtering in reverberant sound fields (2002)

The derivation of Wiener filters, which are spatially optimal for reverberant sound fields, is presented, with an application to two-microphone noise cancellation in reverberant rooms. The optimal filters, which are derived from the spatial correlation of diffuse sound fields, capture the local behaviour of the sound field and are therefore of lower order and potentially more spatially robust than conventional adaptive noise cancellation filters in reverberant rooms. Formulations for unconstrained and causally constrained optimal filters are presented, and an example application to a two-microphone speech enhancement is demonstrated using a computer simulation.
Information on prescription medicines - the APMA view (1999)

The Australian Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association (APMA) represents the manufacturers and distributors of prescription medicines in Australia. Our members are both locally owned companies such as Faulding Pharmaceutical and AMRAD and internationally owned companies such as Bristol-Myers Squibb, Glaxo Wellcome and Merck Sharp and Dohme. APMA's vision is to be recognised as a valued contributor to Australia's health and social wellbeing and to its economic success. (author abstract)
Natural history of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (1991)

The natural history of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN) was studied in 23 patients followed for at least 3 years with no treatment. The mean age of the patients was 41 years of age. A large proportion of the VAIN lesions (50%) were multifocal, and approximately one half of the lesions were associated with concomitant cervical or vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. Progression to invasive vaginal carcinoma occurred in two (9%) cases, persistence of VAIN occurred in three (13%) cases, and regression of VAIN occurred in 18 (78%) cases. The risk for progression to invasive carcinoma emphasizes the significance of colposcopic examination of the vagina with directed biopsy specimens obtained from all lesions.
System-level exploration of hierarchical storage organizations for embedded data-intensive applications (2016)

This paper presents an energy-driven memory management methodology for the system-level exploration of hierarchical storage organizations. Starting from the behavioral specification of a data-intensive signal processing application, the memory management tasks are addressed in a common algebraic framework, using data-dependence analysis techniques similar to those used in modern compilers. This paper focuses on the data assignment to the memory layers and, then, on the signal-to-memory mapping, the target being the reduction of the energy consumption in the hierarchical memory subsystem.
Leaf-cutting ant fungi produce cell wall degrading pectinase complexes reminiscent of phytopathogenic fungi (2010)

Pectinolytic enzymes produced in the gongylidia of the fungal symbiont are ingested but not digested by Acromyrmex leaf-cutting ants so that they end up in the fecal fluid and become mixed with new garden substrate. Substantial quantities of pectinolytic enzymes are typically found in pathogenic fungi that attack live plant tissue, where they are known to breach the cell walls to allow the fungal mycelium access to the cell contents. As the leaf-cutting ant symbionts are derived from fungal clades that decompose dead plant material, our results suggest that their pectinolytic enzymes represent secondarily evolved adaptations that are convergent to those normally found in phytopathogens.
<title>Influence of pyrometer signal absorption due to process gas on temperature control in rapid thermal processing</title> (1992)

Future DRAM devices require higher performance dielectrics for which novel process chemistries must be studied. Nitrous oxide (N20) has shown promising results as a process gas for rapid thermal oxidation. However, current practice in rapid thermal processing (RTP) has neglected the effect of process gas on temperature control. For N20, this results in a large temperature offset and oscillation, and poor thickness uniformity. Evidence is presented indicating that gas-phase absorption of the pyrometer signal produces the difficulties observed when using N20. These difficulties do not occur if the pyrometer is operated at a wavelength not absorbed by the N20. This behavior also does not occur when using 02 as the process gas since it is transparent at the pyrometer wavelengths used. The data shows that one must examine the absorption spectra of the process gas for compatibility with the pyrometer wavelength used for temperature measurements.
DNA Double Strand Breaks in Ehrlich Ascites Tumour Cells at Low Doses of X-rays. I. Determination of Induced Breaks by Centrifugation at Reduced Speed (1982)

DNA double strand breaks (dsb) were determined in Ehrlich ascites tumour cells at doses down to 5 Gy. The method is based on the separation of DNA from other components by heating in a solution of pronase and detergents held in wide-mouth syringes, which were also used to facilitate the application of the released high molecular weight DNA to sucrose gradients. Purified DNA was sedimented in neutral sucrose gradients at low speed to reduce speed artifacts. The sedimentation profiles were analysed using a computer program and the number of dsb was determined by simulation of random breaks in the mass distribution of the control sample and by comparison of this simulated profile with that of the irradiated one. The number of dsb formed was proportional to X-ray dose in the range of 5 to 2000 Gy. The induction per dose was found to be nmr-1 D-1 = (11.7 +/- 2) x 10(-12) Gy-1.
A 192MHz differential XO based frequency quadrupler with sub-picosecond jitter in 28nm CMOS (2015)

A low jitter 192MHz crystal reference quadrupler leverages a new active inductor based 48MHz differential XO, two skewed inverters, a new duty cycle correction circuit, and a frequency doubler. The 192MHz quadrupler can serve as a fast, low jitter reference for a low phase noise PLL and requires far less power and area than reference multiplying PLL or MDLL circuits. The measured RMS jitter is 168fs for the XO, and 184fs for 96MHz output (192MHz divide by 2). The entire circuit, including the XO, draws 5.5mA from a 1V supply and occupies 0.045mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . To our best knowledge, this is the first reference frequency quadrupler with sub-picosecond jitter.
Comparison of mechanical property and role between enamel and dentin in the human teeth (2014)

The mechanical properties of enamel and dentin were studied using test specimens having the same shape and dimensions because these properties might vary with the experimental conditions and specimen shapes and dimensions. Healthy human teeth were used as specimens for mechanical tests. The stress (MPa), strain (%), and elastic modulus (E, MPa) of the specimens were obtained from compression tests. The maximum stresses of the enamel, dentin, and enamel-dentin specimens were 62.2 ± 23.8, 193.7 ± 30.6, and 126.1 ± 54.6 MPa, respectively. The maximum strains of the enamel, dentin, and enamel-dentin specimens were 4.5 ± 0.8%, 11.9 ± 0.1%, and 8.7 ± 2.7%, respectively. The elastic moduli of the enamel, dentin, and enamel-dentin specimens were 1338.2 ± 307.9, 1653.7 ± 277.9, and 1628.6 ± 482.7 MPa, respectively. The measured hardness value of enamel specimens (HV = 274.8 ± 18.1) was around 4.2 times higher than that of dentin specimens (HV = 65.6 ± 3.9). Judging from the measured values of the stress and strain of enamel specimens, enamel tended to fracture earlier than dentin; therefore, it was considered more brittle than dentin. However, judging from the measured hardness values, enamel was considered harder than dentin. Therefore, enamel has higher wear resistance, making it suitable for grinding and crushing foods, and dentin has higher force resistance, making it suitable for absorbing bite forces. The different mechanical roles of enamel and dentin may arise from their different compositions and internal structures, as revealed through scanning electron micrographs of enamel and dentin.
Stability, Molecular Sieving, and Ion Diffusion Selectivity of a Lamellar Membrane from Two-Dimensional Molybdenum Disulfide (2017)

Two-dimensional (2D) subnanometer channels allow unique mass transport promising for molecular sieving. New 2D channels of MoS<sub>2</sub> nanosheets allow one to understand molecular transmission and separation, unlike the graphene oxide counterpart containing various defects and cationic metal contaminants. Membranes from layered MoS<sub>2</sub> platelets show extraordinary stability in an aqueous environment and compatibility with polymer filters, both beneficial to efficient manufacturing. Sharing gas-tightness and unimpeded water vapor permeation with a graphene oxide membrane, our lamellar MoS<sub>2</sub> membrane demonstrates a molecular sieving property for organic vapor for the first time. The MoS<sub>2</sub> membrane also reveals diffusion selectivity of aqueous ions, attributable to the energy penalty in bulk-to-2D dimensional transition. These newly revealed properties of the lamellar membrane full of angstrom-sized 2D channels point to membrane technology applications for energy and environment.
Distinct Roles of β-Arrestin 1 and β-Arrestin 2 in ORG27569-induced Biased Signaling and Internalization of the Cannabinoid Receptor 1 (CB1) (2013)

The cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) is a G protein-coupled receptor primarily expressed in brain tissue that has been implicated in several disease states. CB1 allosteric compounds, such as ORG27569, offer enormous potential as drugs over orthosteric ligands, but their mechanistic, structural, and downstream effects upon receptor binding have not been established. Previously, we showed that ORG27569 enhances agonist binding affinity to CB1 but inhibits G protein-dependent agonist signaling efficacy in HEK293 cells and rat brain expressing the CB1 receptor (Ahn, K. H., Mahmoud, M. M., and Kendall, D. A. (2012) J. Biol. Chem. 287, 12070-12082). Here, we identify the mediators of CB1 receptor internalization and ORG27569-induced G protein-independent signaling. Using siRNA technology, we elucidate an ORG27569-induced signaling mechanism for CB1 wherein β-arrestin 1 mediates short term signaling to ERK1/2 with a peak at 5 min and other upstream kinase components including MEK1/2 and c-Src. Consistent with these findings, we demonstrate co-localization of CB1-GFP with red fluorescent protein-β-arrestin 1 upon ORG27569 treatment using confocal microscopy. In contrast, we show the critical role of β-arrestin 2 in CB1 receptor internalization upon treatment with CP55940 (agonist) or treatment with ORG27569. These results demonstrate for the first time the involvement of β-arrestin in CB1-biased signaling by a CB1 allosteric modulator and also define the differential role of the two β-arrestin isoforms in CB1 signaling and internalization.
Necessary spatial resolution for realistic tactile feeling display (2005)

In this paper, we show a hypothesis on the sensing mechanism in the human tactile organ and its resolution. The hypothesis is that human skin cannot resolve any finer pattern than the resolution suggested by the two-point-discrimination test, but that variety created by four kinds of signals from four kinds of mechano-receptors makes it possible to detect fine feature of texture. This means if we control stimulus to four kinds of mechanoreceptors individually, the realistic contact-feeling display will not need higher spatial resolution than suggested by the two-point discrimination threshold. We examine this hypothesis through psychophysical experiments.
Heterogeneous Copper‐in‐Charcoal‐Catalyzed Click Chemistry (2006)

Click here for Cu/C: Copper-in-charcoal (Cu/C) is an active catalyst for effecting click reactions between organic azides and 1-alkynes. Rates of cycloaddition are increased dramatically when carried out in the presence of Et3N or using microwave assistance. There is no sensitivity to air or moisture, and the catalyst can be recycled several times without loss of activity or selectivity for the 1,4-adduct.
Karl List, St. Cyriak in Sulzburg 993/1964, Freiburg 1964 (2014)

Denkmalpflege in Baden-Wurttemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 8, Nr. 1 (1965): Nachrichtenblatt der Denkmalpflege in Baden-Wurttemberg – Organ der Staatlichen Amter fur Denkmalpflege, Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
Analysis of Peptide MS/MS Spectra from Large-Scale Proteomics Experiments Using Spectrum Libraries (2006)

A widespread proteomics procedure for characterizing a complex mixture of proteins combines tandem mass spectrometry and database search software to yield mass spectra with identified peptide sequences. The same peptides are often detected in multiple experiments, and once they have been identified, the respective spectra can be used for future identifications. We present a method for collecting previously identified tandem mass spectra into a reference library that is used to identify new spectra. Query spectra are compared to references in the library to find the ones that are most similar. A dot product metric is used to measure the degree of similarity. With our largest library, the search of a query set finds 91% of the spectrum identifications and 93.7% of the protein identifications that could be made with a SEQUEST database search. A second experiment demonstrates that queries acquired on an LCQ ion trap mass spectrometer can be identified with a library of references acquired on an LTQ ion trap mass spectrometer. The dot product similarity score provides good separation of correct and incorrect identifications.
Index (2021)

Cliff's Nodes with Appreciations provides updated commentary and analysis on Cliff Swartz's editorials written while editor of the journal The Physics Teacher (AIP Publishing). These articles provide the basis for an updated look at physics education, the anti-science surge, and the importance of learning science by practicing science.This book provides new insights including: • The past and future of physics pedagogy and the intrinsic rewards of studying physics• Updated, critical analysis and modern context for current teachers written in an easy-to-read, appealing style• Relating physics education strategies to practices used in the corporate worldCliff's Nodes with Appreciations is a useful resource for teachers focused on science education and will benefit both early career teachers and those with extensive experience.
Comparison of sheathless and sheath‐flow electrospray interfaces for the capillary electrophoresis‐electrospray ionization‐mass spectrometry analysis of peptides (2005)

Capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry via an electrospray interface provides a powerful system for separation and characterization of a high number of biomolecules. The present paper describes a home-made sheathless interface and compares it with a commercial sheath-flow interface, using a separation method based on a peptide hormone mixture of therapeutic interest. In a previous work, we optimized the parameters involved in a sheath-flow interface and obtained good results in sensitivity and reproducibility. The sheathless interface is performed with a graphite-coated electrospray ionisation (ESI) tip attached to the separation capillary. We demonstrate that electrolyte composition is the main parameter affecting signal sensitivity and separation resolution. The effect of the nature and concentration of the organic solvent added to the separation electrolyte is carefully studied. Furthermore, a general comparison of both interfaces is made in terms of separation, reproducibility, and sensitivity obtained under the optimized conditions described. Advantages and disadvantages of both coupling setups have been evaluated.
Isolating the spectra of cluster ion isomers using Ar-“tag” -mediated IR-IR double resonance within the vibrational manifolds: Application to NO2−⋅H2O (2008)

We demonstrate a method for isolating the vibrational predissociation spectra of different structural isomers of mass-selected cluster ions based on a population-labeling double resonance scheme. This involves a variation on the "ion dip" approach and is carried out with three stages of mass selection in order to separate the fragment ion signals arising from a fixed-frequency population-monitoring laser and those generated by a scanned laser that removes population of species resonant in the course of the scan. We demonstrate the method on the Ar-tagged NO(2) (-)H(2)O cluster, where we identify the spectral patterns arising from two isomers. One of these structures features accommodation of the water molecule in a double H-bond arrangement, while in the other, H(2)O attaches in a single ionic H-bond motif where the nominally free OH group is oriented toward the N atom of NO(2) (-). Transitions derived from both the NO(2) (-) and H(2)O constituents are observed for both isomers, allowing us to gauge the distortions suffered by both the ion and solvent molecules in the different hydration arrangements.
Nonmechanical Infrared Beam Steering Using Blue Addressed Quantum Dot Doped Liquid Crystal Grating (2017)

We present a scheme of nonmechanical laser beam steering using ZnS/InP quantum dots doping nematic liquid crystal as the optical recording film. Because of its internal electric field generated by blue laser-induced charge carrier distribution, liquid crystal molecules are reoriented to form a phase grating which make the incident angle steer to the angle as we desire. Being a nonmechanical programmable laser beam steering, the anisotropy of the relative permittivity tensor and blue laser-induced electric carriers play a significant effect in determining the reorientable liquid crystal molecule and reconfigurable phase modulation of the gratings, that determines the steering angle and steering efficiency.
Neutrophil elastase inhibitors (2011)

Great strides have been made toward our understanding of the biochemical and cellular events associated with COPD. However, our knowledge regarding the inter-relationships among the multiple pathogenic mechanisms and their mediators involved is still limited. The problem is further compounded by the unavailability of suitable validated biomarkers for assessing the efficacy of potential therapeutic interventions. The complexity of COPD suggests that effective therapeutic interventions may require the administration of more than one agent such as a human neutrophil elastase or MMP-12 inhibitor with an anti-inflammatory agent such as a PDE4 inhibitor or a dual function agent capable of disrupting the cycle of proteolysis, apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress.
A Convenient Holder of the Transesophageal Echocardiography Probe (2000)

To the Editor:—Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is a standard monitoring convention for many patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Although several practice guidelines on TEE use have been issued, they provide only brief comments on the actual use of the device in the operating room. For example, the handle of the probe is large and heavy. If rested on the TEE console, it sometimes hides the video screen and can slip off easily and fall to the floor.We found a simple device for holding the handle. We use the holder of a hollow fiber hemodialysis filter (fig. 1). The dialysis filter is approximately the same size as the handle of the adult-size TEE. Therefore, we can attach the handle of the TEE to the holder and detach it easily for manipulation. We also can change freely the direction of the handle, depending on the patient’s position. The cost is minimal.
Interstitial laser thermotherapy of a rat liver adenocarcinoma (2002)

The aim of this study was to compare interstitial laser thermotherapy with excision of a liver tumour. A dimethylhydrazine-induced adenocarcinoma was implanted into the left lateral lobe of the rat liver, and treatment was performed 8 days later. Rats were treated with resection of the tumour-bearing lobe or underwent interstitial laser thermotherapy, which was performed at a steady-state temperature of 46°C for 30 min, 3 mm from the tumour margin. The incidence and extent of intraperitoneal spread was smaller after laser thermotherapy than after resection, with no difference in local control. Using inoculation of tumour cell suspensions into the lateral and the median lobes of the liver simultaneously and treating the lateral lobe tumour only, we found that laser thermotherapy reduced take and growth of the untreated tumour in the median lobe indicating that laser thermotherapy may induce immunologic effects. It is concluded that interstitial laser thermotherapy reduces spread of liver tumour as compared to resection. It is suggested that this can be at least partly explained by a laser-induced immunologic effect.