gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prostaglandin synthesis and renal function in man. (1980)

1. Experiments were performed to determine the changes in renal function which occur following prostaglandin synthetase inhibition in healthy conscious humans. It was hoped that such experiments could provide information on the mechanism by which renal prostaglandin synthesis influences urinary excretion. 2. In water-diuretic male subjects (receiving a slow saline infusion) the renal excretion of sodium and water was reduced following I.V. acetylsalicylic acid (1 g) administration, while the effective renal plasma flow (p-aminohippurate clearance), and glomerular filtration rate (inulin clearance) remained unaltered. 3. In normally hydrated female subjects on an unrestricted diet, the mean urinary prostaglandin E output was 8.5 ng/hr. The renal excretion of sodium, water and urinary prostaglandin E were significantly reduced (P less than 0.05) following oral acetylsalicylic acid (1.2 g) administration. 4. In normally hydrated female subjects on an unrestricted diet the renal excretion of sodium and water was reduced following oral paracetamol (1.5 g) administration. 5. It is concluded that following renal prostaglandin synthetase inhibition in conscious humans, the excretion of sodium and water can be reduced without measurable changes in the glomerular filtration rate or effective renal plasma flow. It is suggested that in conscious healthy humans, the kidney may continually synthesize prostaglandin which might help to maintain sodium and water excretion by a direct action on the renal tubule without influencing renal blood flow. The relevance of this hypothesis to the intrarenal location of prostaglandin synthetase is discussed.
Optical field enhancement for heat-assisted magnetic recording system using Photonic Crystal waveguide (2012)

The Photonic Crystal (PC) waveguide designed for the optical delivery system for HAMR is proposed. Two-dimensional (2D) models of the single-piece PC waveguides are initially designed using square and triangular lattice structures made of silicon surrounded by an array of air holes, with two input wavelengths of interest: 633 and 1,550 nm. The wave guiding component is formed by removing a center row of air holes with a 90° sharp turn created at the input, assuming a normal incident field to the waveguide. It is found that the designed triangular lattice structures can easily associate both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes while only TE mode is possible for the square lattice. The numerical simulation shows that the overall transmission efficiency of both structures is greater than 75%, and almost 80% can be achieved especially with the TE rectangular lattice structure.
In vivo intervertebral disc regeneration using stem cell–derived chondroprogenitors (2009)

This study illustrates a reproducible percutaneous model for studying disc degeneration. New notochordal cell populations were seen in degenerated discs injected with ESCs. The lack of immune response to a xenograft of mouse cells in an immunocompetent rabbit model may suggest an as yet unrecognized immunoprivileged site within the intervertebral disc space.
The effects of 3D channel geometry on CTC passing pressure – towards deformability-based cancer cell separation (2014)

Various lab on a chip devices have been developed recently to detect and separate circulating tumour cells (CTCs) for early stage cancer detection. Because CTCs are extremely rare in the blood, next generation CTC microfilters aim at significant improvement in both efficiency and throughput. CTC microfilters based on cell deformability seem to be a promising direction. In the present research, we study a CTC passing event through a micro-filtering channel with various 3D geometries. The pressure signatures for different types of cells passing through different channels are characterized numerically. Specifically, five kinds of cross-sections, circular, square, triangular and two kinds of rectangular channels with aspect ratios of 2 and 5, are studied in this work. The total pressures for cells passing through the channels are calculated and reveal different behaviour from what is predicted by the static surface tension model. Among all five cross-sections studied, the circular cross-section features the highest critical pressure and thus is most suitable for high efficiency CTC separation. The square filtering channel provides the second largest critical pressure, and the triangular cross-section provides the least critical pressure among these three cross-sections. All these three cross-sections are better than the rectangular channels with aspect ratios of 2 and 5. For the rectangular channel, a high aspect ratio channel may lead to cell splitting at high speed, which will result in a periodic pressure signature. Our findings will provide valuable information for the design of next generation CTC microfilters.
The potentiation of adrenaline‐induced in vitro platelet aggregation by ADP, collagen and serotonin and its inhibition by naftopidil and doxazosin in normal human subjects. (1995)

1. Aggregation in platelet-rich plasma from normotensive men was induced by adrenaline (0.25-16 microM), ADP (0.25-16 microM), collagen (0.25-8 micrograms ml-1) or serotonin (10 microM) alone, or by previously sub-threshold concentrations of adrenaline (0.03-1 microM) in combination with sub-threshold concentrations of serotonin (2.5 microM), ADP (0.5 microM) or collagen (0.125 micrograms ml-1). The effects of the alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockers naftopidil and doxazosin on platelet aggregation were investigated. 2. The dose-response curves for collagen and ADP were unaffected by either drug. However, naftopidil (40 microM) inhibited serotonin-induced platelet aggregation (23.9%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 10.7 to 37.1%; P < 0.01) and caused a slight shift to the right of the adrenaline dose-response curve with a mean increase in the EC50 value of 0.5 microM (95% CI 0.07 to 0.93 microM; P < 0.05). Doxazosin had no effect on serotonin or adrenaline-induced aggregation. 3. A marked potentiation of the aggregation induced by subthreshold concentrations of adrenaline resulted from the prior addition of low concentrations of ADP, collagen or serotonin. 4. These potentiated responses were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by naftopidil and to a lesser extent doxazosin. The maximum inhibitions (%) produced by naftopidil (40 microM) on the responses of adrenaline potentiated by ADP were 58.3% (95% CI 36.8 to 79.8%; P < 0.001), serotonin 58.9% (95% CI 40.0 to 77.8%; P < 0.001), and collagen 70.9% (95% CI 52.5 to 89.3%; P < 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Polyamide Struts for DNA Architectures (2007)

Copy and paste: A DNA strut consisting of two Dervan polyamides is constructed with two sides that can sequence-selectively bind double-stranded DNA. This strut can be used as sequence-selective glue for DNA architectures and can easily combine DNA objects that are 100 times its mass. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2007/z700469_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A branch-line-type eight-port comparator circuit (2002)

A method of constructing an eight-port comparator with four branch-line 3 dB quadrature hybrids is described theoretically and experimentally. A relative bandwidth of up to 20% (for return loss and isolation better than 20 dB) is obtained by addition of simple external circuits. A strong point of the present comparator is that it is manufactured on the same face of a substrate using a planar transmission line such as a stripline or a microstrip line.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Simple Scheme for Realizing the Promised Gains of Downlink Nonorthogonal Multiple Access (2016)

In this paper, the downlink nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system is studied where purely discrete input distributions are found that achieve the capacity region to within a constant gap without successive interference cancellation (SIC). The approach is a two-step approach where the corresponding linear deterministic model is first studied and the results are then systematically translated into purely discrete input distributions for the original model. A simple yet powerful coding scheme, which adopts off-the-shelf turbo codes with pulse amplitude modulations (PAM) is then used to simulate the proposed input distributions. Simulation results show that the proposed simple scheme under turbo decoding, both with and without SIC, can operate close to information-theoretic bounds of the proposed input distributions, which lies outside the achievable rate region of any orthogonal multiple access (OMA)-type scheme.
Free form surface analysis using a hybrid of symbolic and numeric computation (1992)

Endoscopic resection of tracheal subglottic stenosis can be performed safely and effectively. With careful selection, some stenotic rings can be excised without the requirement for prior tracheostomy. Endoscopic resection does not supplant other methods of dilatation, injection, or stenting of subglottic scars, but early resection in appropriate cases may reduce the number of dilatations and obviate the need for a stent and systemic steroids.
Extracellular Bacterial Pathogen Induces Host Cell Surface Reorganization to Resist Shear Stress (2009)

Bacterial infections targeting the bloodstream lead to a wide array of devastating diseases such as septic shock and meningitis. To study this crucial type of infection, its specific environment needs to be taken into account, in particular the mechanical forces generated by the blood flow. In a previous study using Neisseria meningitidis as a model, we observed that bacterial microcolonies forming on the endothelial cell surface in the vessel lumen are remarkably resistant to mechanical stress. The present study aims to identify the molecular basis of this resistance. N. meningitidis forms aggregates independently of host cells, yet we demonstrate here that cohesive forces involved in these bacterial aggregates are not sufficient to explain the stability of colonies on cell surfaces. Results imply that host cell attributes enhance microcolony cohesion. Microcolonies on the cell surface induce a cellular response consisting of numerous cellular protrusions similar to filopodia that come in close contact with all the bacteria in the microcolony. Consistent with a role of this cellular response, host cell lipid microdomain disruption simultaneously inhibited this response and rendered microcolonies sensitive to blood flow-generated drag forces. We then identified, by a genetic approach, the type IV pili component PilV as a triggering factor of plasma membrane reorganization, and consistently found that microcolonies formed by a pilV mutant are highly sensitive to shear stress. Our study shows that bacteria manipulate host cell functions to reorganize the host cell surface to form filopodia-like structures that enhance the cohesion of the microcolonies and therefore blood vessel colonization under the harsh conditions of the bloodstream.
Paradoxical Action of Fulvestrant in Estradiol-Induced Regression of Tamoxifen-Stimulated Breast Cancer (2003)

Physiologic levels of estradiol induced regression of tamoxifen-stimulated breast cancer tumors, apparently by inducing the death receptor Fas and suppressing the antiapoptotic/prosurvival factors NF-kappaB and HER2/neu.
A Distributed Certificate Authority and Key Establishment Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (2008)

In mobile ad hoc networks, a single certificate authority (CA) node could be a security bottleneck. Multiple replica of CA is fault tolerant, but the network is as vulnerable as single CA or even worse since breaking one of the CAs means breaking all of them. In this paper a distributed CA system is proposed which is based on the secret sharing scheme. It is assumed that the network is partitioned into clusters and responsibility of the CA is distributed among the cluster-heads (CHs). Therefore, a valid certificate is produced by a quorum of CHs. Also, based on the proposed distributed CA, an efficient key establishment protocol for intra-cluster and inter-cluster communications is proposed.
High-field electron transport in quantum wires studied by solution of the Boltzmann equation (1989)

High-field electron transport properties in a one-dimensional GaAs quantum wire are studied by a novel method to solve numerically the Boltzmann equation with Fermi-Dirac statistics. The wire is so narrow that quantum subbands are formed. Impurity scattering, optical-phonon scattering, and intersubband scattering are considered in the model. It is shown that two types of electron transport take place, depending on the electron line density and the electric field strength: (1) Electrons are confined to the energy region below the optical-phonon energy \ensuremath{\Delta} under strong optical-phonon scattering around \ensuremath{\Delta}, and (2) they exhibit velocity runaway in the energy region above \ensuremath{\Delta} under decreasing optical-phonon scattering with increasing electron energy.
Compilation techniques for energy reduction in horizontally partitioned cache architectures (2005)

Horizontally partitioned data caches are a popular architectural feature in which the processor maintains two or more data caches at the same level of hierarchy. Horizontally partitioned caches help reduce cache pollution and thereby improve performance. Consequently most previous research has focused on exploiting horizontally partitioned data caches to improve performance, and achieve energy reduction only as a byproduct of performance improvement. In constrast, in this paper we show that optimizing for performance trades-off several opportunities for energy reduction. Our experiments on a HP iPAQ h4300-like memory subsystem demonstrate that optimizing for energy consumption results in up to 127% less memory subsystem energy consumption than the performance optimal solution. Furthermore, we show that energy optimal solution incurs on average only 1.7% performance penalty. Therefore, with energy consumption becoming a first class design constraint, there is a need for compilation techniques aimed at energy reduction. To achieve aforementioned energy savings we propose and explore several low-complexity algorithms aimed at reducing the energy consumption and show that very simple greedy heuristics achieve 97% of the possible memory subsystem energy savings.
A demonstrator for real-time multimedia sessions over 3/sup rd/ generation wireless networks (2002)

This paper presents a simulation tool used to demonstrate the effects of 3/sup rd/ generation wireless network access on IP-based multimedia applications. In 3/sup rd/ generation wireless networks like, e,g., the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), complex control and transport mechanisms influence the link quality for a given application, while the application itself influences the control mechanisms by generating load on the wireless link. To study the effects of such a dynamic system on the user-perceived quality of service (QoS) of a real-time multimedia application it is necessary to simulate the wireless link in real-time. Our tool allows to interface standard IP-based multimedia applications with an UMTS-specific link simulator. The system comprises essential layer 2 and 3 protocol functionality of the UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) for terminal equipment (TE) and base station (BS). We motivate and describe the concept, system architecture and implementation in terms of timing, QoS mapping, packet- and circuit-switched (CS) services integration, and physical link parameters.
N-Heterocyclic-Carbene-Catalyzed Domino Reactions via Two or More Activation Modes (2018)

Organocatalytic domino processes have become a rapidly growing area of research. N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have emerged as powerful organocatalysts for various transformations and continue to have widespread application. In the last decade, domino reactions catalyzed by NHCs have seen significant progress since the different activation modes could be successfully combined in one process. The most attractive features of these domino sequences include the readily available catalysts and substrates, the simple operational procedures, and the rapid assembly of complex molecular scaffolds with excellent levels of stereocontrol under mild reaction conditions. This review covers the advances in NHC-catalyzed domino reactions by focusing on the reaction scope, limitations, and mechanism with a close attention to the features of the reaction substrates.
New Methods Enhance the Processing of Permanent Gauge Data (2011)

Abstract Permanent Downhole Gauges (PDG) are used increasingly in ‘intelligent fields’ to provide valuable information at different time scales. Specific processing of the massive amount of data produced by PDG is required to automatically (1) reduce the volume of data without losing valuable information, (2) remove outliers and (3) identify build-ups and re-allocate production. In the late 1990's, publications tried to address all these points using a first generation of wavelet based filters. Items (1) and (2) were successfully addressed but required prior data interpolation. Wavelets generally failed on item (3). In this paper we present the use of a new generation of wavelets, allowing a more accurate processing of items (1) and (2) without any prior interpolation. This paper also presents a new method using tangents crossing, which successfully replaces the failing wavelets for item (3).
Original Antigenic Sin in Dengue (1983)

Sequential blood samples were obtained from eight Thai children before, during and 3-5 months after hospitalization for dengue shock syndrome. All patients experienced a secondary-type antibody response as evidenced by hemagglutination-inhibition antibody responses in acute and convalescent sera. Dengue 2 viruses were recovered from two patients. In their pre-illness blood sample, all children had monotypic neutralizing antibodies; five to dengue 1, two to dengue 3 and one to dengue 4. The highest neutralizing antibody titers in acute phase and late convalescent sera were to the initial infecting virus type. This report documents for sequential dengue infections the existence of an original antigenic sin antibody response. It may be possible to apply this phenomenon to identify initial dengue serotype infection in individuals experiencing secondary dengue infections, thus helping to clarify the antecedents to dengue shock syndrome.
Spherical View Synthesis for Self-Supervised 360 Depth Estimation (2019)

Learning based approaches for depth perception are limited by the availability of clean training data. This has led to the utilization of view synthesis as an indirect objective for learning depth estimation using efficient data acquisition procedures. Nonetheless, most research focuses on pinhole based monocular vision, with scarce works presenting results for omnidirectional input. In this work, we explore spherical view synthesis for learning monocular 360 depth in a self-supervised manner and demonstrate its feasibility. Under a purely geometrically derived formulation we present results for horizontal and vertical baselines, as well as for the trinocular case. Further, we show how to better exploit the expressiveness of traditional CNNs when applied to the equirectangular domain in an efficient manner. Finally, given the availability of ground truth depth data, our work is uniquely positioned to compare view synthesis against direct supervision in a consistent and fair manner. The results indicate that alternative research directions might be better suited to enable higher quality depth perception. Our data, models and code are publicly available at https://vcl3d.github.io/SphericalViewSynthesis/.
Synthesis and DNA Interaction of Platinum Complex/Peptide Chimera as Potential Drug Candidates (2010)

Abstract Modification and optimization of the anticancer drug cisplatin is of interest with respect to selective cell targeting and DNA binding efficiency. Attractive approaches contain both, modification of the platinum coordination sphere and design of hybrid molecules of the cisplatin binding moiety including peptide motifs. Peptides with cell penetrating, directing or recognizing properties can be implemented. In this study, positively charged peptide sequences were investigated with the potential of inducing DNA structural distortions caused by charge neutralization of the dsDNA helix. Association of charged peptides is likely to increase the flexibility of the DNA thereby facilitating platinum binding. The synthesis and DNA interaction of five new cisplatin–peptide hybrids with enhanced solubility and potential antitumor activity is presented. Propylenediamine or bisimidazole units were used as bisdentate platinum ligands and were coupled to a peptide sequence in the final elongation step of the solid‐phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). Agarose and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, fluorescence intercalation, and thermal UV melting studies, all support the presence of covalently formed platinum DNA adducts in a reaction mediated by the positively charged peptide.
Adenovirus-mediated regulable target gene expression <i>in vivo</i> (1999)

To regulate expression of a transferred gene in response to an exogenous compound, we have combined a high capacity adenoviral vector devoid of all viral coding sequences with a regulatory system that can be used to express a target gene in vivo in a selected site and at a desired time. This system uses a chimeric transactivator, GLp65, which consists of a mutated progesterone receptor-ligand binding domain fused to the GAL4 DNA binding domain and part of the activation domain of the human p65 protein, a component of the NF-kappaB complex. In the presence of the antiprogestin mifepristone, this chimeric regulator binds to a target gene containing the 17-mer GAL4 binding site, resulting in an efficient ligand-inducible transactivation of the target gene. We inserted the regulator GLp65 and a regulable human growth hormone target gene containing the 17-mer GAL4 binding site into the same adenoviral vector. To obtain tissue-specific expression of the target gene, we coupled the regulator to a liver-specific promoter. Infection of HepG2 cells and experimental mice with the adenovirus resulted in consistently high induction levels of human growth hormone in the presence of mifepristone whereas the transgene expression was undetectable in the absence of the ligand. Taken together, our regulable adenoviral vector represents an important tool for transgene regulation that can be used for potentially diverse applications, ranging from tissue-specific gene expression in transgenic animals to human gene therapy.