gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lab Testing and Field Application of a Large-Scale Acetic Acid-Based Treatment in a Newly Developed Carbonate Reservoir (2001)

Abstract A large-scale acetic acid-based stimulation treatment was developed to remove drilling mud filter cake in vertical wells in a newly developed carbonate reservoir. The wellbore stability of this weakly consolidated carbonate formation can easily be reduced by contact with HCl-based acids. Extensive lab testing had indicated that the formation is mechanically weak, becomes brittle upon contact with acids and produces large amounts of fine particles that can cause severe damage. Furthermore, a chloride-free acid formula was required to minimize interference with the pulsed-neutron logs (PNL). A special acid treatment was needed to remove the damage while maintaining the integrity of the formation. Several tests were conducted in the laboratory to evaluate both regular and emulsified acetic acid and non-acid formulae (mainly EDTA). Initially, two acid formulae were selected for field application. The first used 10 wt% acetic acid in an emulsified form, while the second formula was based on 10 wt% regular acetic acid in combination with additives. Further lab and field-testing indicated that the emulsified form might pose a problem in the presence of fine inter-matrix dolomite particles. Therefore, the treatment performed in the field focused on the use of 10 wt% acetic acid with several waterwetting agents (mainly surfactants and mutual solvent). The acetic acid treatment was applied in five vertical wells in this field using a coiled tubing unit. Pressure build-up tests after the treatment indicated that the acid was successful in removing the filter cake in all cases. Neither fine particles, nor any type of emulsion was noted in the well flowback samples. However, well productivity after the treatment was found to be a strong function of the lithofacies of the formation (e.g., chalk versus packstone). Wells with high reservoir quality rock (i.e., packstones with a permeability of 20–30 mD), demonstrated excellent pressure response after the treatment. Flowing wellhead pressures were increased significantly. Wells with low reservoir quality showed a moderate increase following the treatment.
Object recognition in images using convolutional neural network (2018)

Object detection from repository of images is challenging task in the area of computer vision and image processing in this work we present object classification and detection using cifar-10 data set with intended classification and detection of airplain images. So we used convolutional neural network on keras with tensorflow support the experimental results shows the time required to train, test and create the model in limited computing system. We train the system with 60,000 images with 25 epochs each epoch is taking 722to760 seconds in training step on tensorflow cpu system. At the end of 25 epochs the training accuracy is 96 percentage and the system can recognition input images based on train model and the output is respective label of images.
Direct Interaction between Two Viral Proteins, the Nonstructural Protein 2CATPase and the Capsid Protein VP3, Is Required for Enterovirus Morphogenesis (2010)

In spite of decades-long studies, the mechanism of morphogenesis of plus-stranded RNA viruses belonging to the genus Enterovirus of Picornaviridae, including poliovirus (PV), is not understood. Numerous attempts to identify an RNA encapsidation signal have failed. Genetic studies, however, have implicated a role of the non-structural protein 2C(ATPase) in the formation of poliovirus particles. Here we report a novel mechanism in which protein-protein interaction is sufficient to explain the specificity in PV encapsidation. Making use of a novel "reporter virus", we show that a quasi-infectious chimera consisting of the capsid precursor of C-cluster coxsackie virus 20 (C-CAV20) and the nonstructural proteins of the closely related PV translated and replicated its genome with wild type kinetics, whereas encapsidation was blocked. On blind passages, encapsidation of the chimera was rescued by a single mutation either in capsid protein VP3 of CAV20 or in 2C(ATPase) of PV. Whereas each of the single-mutation variants expressed severe proliferation phenotypes, engineering both mutations into the chimera yielded a virus encapsidating with wild type kinetics. Biochemical analyses provided strong evidence for a direct interaction between 2C(ATPase) and VP3 of PV and CAV20. Chimeras of other C-CAVs (CAV20/CAV21 or CAV18/CAV20) were blocked in encapsidation (no virus after blind passages) but could be rescued if the capsid and 2C(ATPase) coding regions originated from the same virus. Our novel mechanism explains the specificity of encapsidation without apparent involvement of an RNA signal by considering that (i) genome replication is known to be stringently linked to translation, (ii) morphogenesis is known to be stringently linked to genome replication, (iii) newly synthesized 2C(ATPase) is an essential component of the replication complex, and (iv) 2C(ATPase) has specific affinity to capsid protein(s). These conditions lead to morphogenesis at the site where newly synthesized genomes emerge from the replication complex.
Biosignal laboratory: a software tool for biomedical signal processing and analysis (2004)

Biosignal processing and analysis is a field of great importance in current medical practice. In recent years, biomedical engineers have developed many algorithms and processing techniques in order to help doctors in the examination of many different biosignals, and to find new information embedded in them and not easily observable in the raw data. Since the number and variety of these techniques grows every day, it is becoming more and more difficult to be up to date in biosignal processing. Other aspects such as signals format, algorithms implementation and comparison, artifacts, etc, make the learning process in this field longer and longer, and in many occasions a lot of different software tools are needed to visualize or process biosignals. In this paper we present a program that consists of many of the current typical biosignal processing algorithms: filtering, domain transforms, basic operators, wave detection, and unlike other similar applications, it includes a pattern recognition block. The program can also be used just to exchange signals formats. The objective of this program is to become a usual tool both for medical practice and for biomedical educational purposes.
Handling real-time video traffic in software-defined radio access networks (2015)

In this paper, we introduce new solutions to handle real-time video traffic, such as video conferencing, in the future software-defined radio access networks. The real-time video is well-known for its high peak-to-mean rate ratio. This is a major challenge for traffic engineering and radio resource allocation, especially in small cell radio networks. We first propose an online method to dynamically estimate the effective rate of video flows, which is the rate the network should support in order to provide a satisfactory quality of experience. Second, traffic engineering methods taking into account characteristics of video flows are presented. Third, a radio coordination method to provide stable video rate across cells is discussed. Fourth, we give a fountain coding scheme to support mobile video users. The proposed solutions are investigated in an ultra-dense small cell network simulator. The simulation results show very significant gains over conventional technologies.
Synthesis of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>MnO</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mtext>2</mml:mtext></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>Microfiber with Secondary Nanostructure by Cotton Template (2010)

Hierarchical<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>MnO</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>microfibers were prepared by using cotton as the template and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>KMnO</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>as the precursor via an ultrasonic assistance route. The results of scanning electron microscope characterization showed that the concentration of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>KMnO</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>had a significant effect on the morphology of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>MnO</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>microfiber. At low concentration of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>KMnO</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>, the microfiber was composed of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>MnO</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>nanorods with single crystal structure. With increasing the concentration of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>KMnO</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>, the secondary nanostructure of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>MnO</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>microfibers had a transformation from nanorod to nanoparticle. The results of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mtext>N</mml:mtext><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>adsorption-desorption analysis indicated that<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>MnO</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>microfibers had BET surface area of about 25 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mtext>m</mml:mtext><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>/g. This synthesis provides a new way to control the secondary nanostructure of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>MnO</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>microfiber by adjusting the concentration of precursor. Furthermore, the mechanism for the replication was proposed and discussed.
Effects of a Carrier and Its Diluent on the Transport of Metals across Supported Liquid Membranes (SLM). II. Viscosity Effect (1986)

Abstract A new model equation was developed which incorporates the solubility and viscosity effects of the diluent and the carrier immobilized in a supported liquid membrane. It was found that these effects influence the system significantly. The negative effect of increased viscosity on diffusivity, accounted for in the theoretical development, was found to give better predictions of the measured fluxes. The theory is so simple that one needs only to specify the maximum point and determine the flux at 100% carrier concentration in order to predict the flux at any other points.
A nanobody:GFP bacterial platform that enables functional enzyme display and easy quantification of display capacity (2016)

We have developed an inexpensive and easy read-out assay for surface display using nanobody:GFP interactions. The assay is compatible with the most common fluorescence detection methods, including multi-well plate whole-cell fluorescence detection, SDS-PAGE in-gel fluorescence, microscopy and flow cytometry. We anticipate that the platform will facilitate future in-depth studies on the mechanism of protein transport to the surface of living cells, as well as the optimisation of applications in industrial biotech.
Discriminative method for recurrent neural network language models (2015)

A recurrent neural network language model (RNN-LM) can use a long word context more than can an n-gram language model, and its effective has recently been shown in its accomplishment of automatic speech recognition (ASR) tasks. However, the training criteria of RNN-LM are based on cross entropy (CE) between predicted and reference words. In addition, unlike the discriminative training of acoustic models and discriminative language models (DLM), these criteria do not explicitly consider discriminative criteria calculated from ASR hypotheses and references. This paper proposes a discriminative training method for RNN-LM by additionally considering a discriminative criterion to CE. We use the log-likelihood ratio of the ASR hypotheses and references as an discriminative criterion. The proposed training criterion emphasizes the effect of improperly recognized words relatively compared to the effect of correct words, which are discounted in training. Experiments on a large vocabulary continuous speech recognition task show that our proposed method improves the RNN-LM baseline. In addition, combining the proposed discriminative RNN-LM and DLM further shows its effectiveness.
Arthroscopically assisted Latarjet procedure: A new surgical approach for accurate coracoid graft placement and compression (2013)

The Latarjet procedure is a confirmed method for the treatment of shoulder instability in the presence of bone loss. It is a challenging procedure for which a key point is the correct placement of the coracoid graft onto the glenoid neck. We here present our technique for an athroscopically assisted Latarjet procedure with a new drill guide, permitting an accurate and reproducible positioning of the coracoid graft, with optimal compression of the graft onto the glenoid neck due to the perfect position of the screws: perpendicular to the graft and the glenoid neck and parallel between them.
Extended Keyframe Detection with Stable Tracking for Multiple 3D Object Tracking (2010)

We present a method that is able to track several 3D objects simultaneously, robustly, and accurately in real time. While many applications need to consider more than one object in practice, the existing methods for single object tracking do not scale well with the number of objects, and a proper way to deal with several objects is required. Our method combines object detection and tracking: frame-to-frame tracking is less computationally demanding but is prone to fail, while detection is more robust but slower. We show how to combine them to take the advantages of the two approaches and demonstrate our method on several real sequences.
Reconfigurable Base Station Processing and Resource Allocation (2007)

A huge research and development effort is being spent to improve the radio resources usage considering different available and upcoming radio access technologies as well as the more flexible usage of frequencies. Within this context, terminals, network and management entities/functions are considered. The scope of this paper is to identify new functions to be provided by a multi-standard base station: ways to provide software re-configuration in a generic manner which takes into consideration different situations where this re-configuration may be triggered, including through dynamic and self-adaptive means.
THz spectra of 1,4-naphthoquinones and its four derivatives (2007)

Recently some naphthoquinone derivatives have been found with anticancer or other therapeutic properties, but also have some negative side effects. Numerous research projects have been conducted to investigate their properties and therapeutic mechanisms. With Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy (THz-TDS), we have successfully obtained THz spectra of 1,4-naphthoquinone and its four derivatives in a series of naphthazarin - juglone - 1,4-naphthoquinone - menadione - plumbagin, in the range between 0.2 and 2.4~2.8 THz. Although these molecules are almost identical to each other, they have very distinctive THz spectra so that they can be identified much more easily than using conventional spectroscopy. We have comparatively analyzed their THz spectra, and found some possible correlations between THz spectra and molecular structures. These THz spectra cannot only be used as spectral fingerprint, but also provide us their conformational properties that can be used in study of their interaction with biomolecules to reveal their pharmaceutical mechanisms.
Extracorporeal Therapies: Should We Use Plasma Instead of Blood? (1999)

The evolution of extracorporeal therapies has required the parallel evolution of devices designed to extract the blood from the patient and to move it in the extracorporeal circuit. Blood is a peculiar fluid in which viscosity may be strongly affected by the contingent operational conditions of the extracorporeal circuit. Because hematocrit is an important component of blood viscosity, and viscosity may definitely affect the performance of blood purification devices, major problems arise when high hematocrits are present in the patient. All these problems might be avoided if plasma could be used instead of whole blood. Plasma treatment is already performed in various therapies, but the treated plasma is obtained by separation from whole blood in the extracorporeal environment. In this paper we propose a new approach to perform different plasma treatments. Plasma is extracted directly from the patient thanks to a special catheter or plasma extraction device. Utilizing plasmafiltration technology to create a membrane that is placed on the tip of an intravascular catheter, plasma extraction may become easy to perform. The extracted plasma is then available for any type of treatment before being restituted to the patient via a second lumen in the same catheter.
Solidification of Synthetic-Based Drilling Mud Using Geopolymers (2016)

Abstract When constructing deepwater wells, incompatibility between synthetic-based mud (SBM) and Portland cements can lead to poor cementation and loss of cement integrity, which in turn may compromise zonal isolation. An alternative cementitious material based on geopolymers has been developed with improved SBM compatibility for primary and remedial cementing purposes as well as lost circulation control. Geopolymer benefits go beyond mere SBM compatibility: it is in fact possible to solidify non-aqueous fluids such as SBM and oil-based mud (OBM) using geopolymer formulations. This also means that non-aqueous fluids (SBM, OBM) can be disposed of in a cost-effective way, which presents a viable option for environmentally acceptable on-site or off-site disposal of drilling muds and cuttings. Geopolymer is a type of alkali activated material that forms when an aluminosilicate precursor powder (such as fly ash) is mixed with an alkaline activating solution (such as sodium hydroxide). A novel SBM solidification method was developed by blending varied amounts of geopolymer and SBM. This solidification method was tested with various sources of precursor powders, SBMs and OBMs. The rheology and strength of the geopolymer/SBM blends were measured under downhole conditions. Strength testing results showed that geopolymer cement lost only 30% of its strength when blended with 10% SBM, while a neat Portland slurry lost 70% strength. Geopolymer/SBM blends containing up to 40% SBM were found to have measurable strength when cured under downhole conditions. By changing the amount of geopolymer and SBM in the slurry, the geopolymer/SBM system can be developed into a lost circulation treatment with low compressive strength, or into a primary cementation material with higher compressive strength. The geopolymer/SBM blends at different mixing ratios have shown great improvement in rheology of the geopolymer cement, allowing for pumpability of the slurry for well cementation. For instance, 30% SBM blends have downhole rheology profiles that approach those of neat Portland slurries.
The Relevance of CD117-Immunocytochemistry Staining Patterns to Mutational Exon-11 in<i>c-kit</i>Detected by PCR from Fine-Needle Aspirated Canine Mast Cell Tumor Cells (2014)

Canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCT) are the lethal skin tumors. The biological behavior of the MCT cells is quite varied and unpredictable. Almost MCT dogs usually require a rapid diagnosis and therapy. However, MCT diagnosis and prognosis are still dependent on histopathology which is rather inconvenient, time-consuming, painful, and harmful for some cases. Indeed, MCT can be easily accessible using fine-needle aspiration (FNA). In this study, our biopsy specimens were classified as low- and high-grade MCT based on the novel 2-tier histopathologic grading system. We have demonstrated the usage of fine-needle aspirated MCT cells (FNA-MCT cells) from these specimens as a primary cell source to study the distribution of CD117-immunocytochemistry (CD117-ICC) staining patterns and the frequency of internal tandem duplication- (ITD-) mutant exon-11 of c-kit. The result has substantially shown that there were three staining patterns identified in the cells. Only paranuclear pattern was significantly increased in the cells from high-grade MCT. Altogether, the ITD-mutant exon-11 was also detectable only in these cells. Therefore, the result has supported our hypothesis that there was an increased opportunity to observe a higher CD117-ICC staining pattern and exon-11 mutation in high-grade MCT; even these two parameters may not precisely indicate a histopathological grade.
Promotion of Myelopoiesis in Myelosuppressed Mice by Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharides (2012)

Our previous studies demonstrated that Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (Gl-PS) exhibit potent immunomodulating effects. Immunomodulation plays an important role in hematopoiesis. To investigate the possible mechanism by which Gl-PS promote myelopoiesis during myelosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide, mice were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) once daily with 2.5 mg/kg of Gl-PS for 10 days and were treated i.p. once daily with cyclophosphamide (100 mg/kg) on days 2 through 4. In the present study in vivo and in vitro, we find that Gl-PS selectively bind to bone marrow stromal cells, stimulate the secretion of hematopoietic growth factors, and enhance the clonogenic activities of hematopoietic and stromal cells to promote hematopoiesis in myelosuppressed mice.
Lyme borreliosis: a European perspective on diagnosis and clinical management (2009)

Widespread awareness of Lyme borreliosis in Europe continues to grow due to increasing numbers of medical publications, information on the Internet, and from the media and patient support groups. The emphasis in scientific and medical publications has been on improvements in laboratory diagnostics, confirmation of therapeutic protocols, and the ecology of the vectors and pathogens.