gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Theory-assisted development of a robust and Z-selective olefin metathesis catalyst (2014)

DFT calculations have predicted a new, highly Z-selective ruthenium-based olefin metathesis catalyst that is considerably more robust than the recently reported (SIMes)(Cl)(RS)RuCH(o-OiPrC6H4) (3a, SIMes = 1,3-dimesityl-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene, R = 2,4,6-triphenylbenzene) [J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2013, 135, 3331]. Replacing the chloride of 3a by an isocyanate ligand to give 5a was predicted to increase the stability of the complex considerably, at the same time moderately improving the Z-selectivity. Compound 5a is easily prepared in a two-step synthesis starting from the Hoveyda-Grubbs second-generation catalyst 3. In agreement with the calculations, the isocyanate-substituted 5a appears to be somewhat more Z-selective than the chloride analogue 3a. More importantly, 5a can be used in air, with unpurified and non-degassed substrates and solvents, and in the presence of acids. These are traits that are unprecedented among highly Z-selective olefin metathesis catalysts and also very promising with respect to applications of the new catalyst.
An in-band reconfigurable network node based on a heterogeneous platform (2010)

This paper describes the implementation of a heterogeneous network node as a reconfigurable application based on embedded ASIC technology. The key points of the paper are the distribution of the reconfiguration data in-band over the network and the in-service-reconfiguration of the network node itself. The node consists of a static ASIC part and three reconfigurable various-grained FPGA-like areas included in one chip. The overall goal is to implement a system that can monitor an Ethernet data stream, extracts configuration data marked by the EtherType field in the Ethernet header and updates its functionality during operation time.
Closed loop performance management for service delivery systems (2012)

IT service delivery becomes an increasingly challenging business as customers demand improved quality of service while providers are driven to reduce the cost of delivery. While effective service delivery requires advances in many areas including workload management and workforce optimization, in this paper we focus on service request dispatching decision-making. Specifically, we propose a closed loop performance management solution that leverages feedback controllers to dynamically adjust the priority of service requests considering both (static) contractual service attainment targets and (dynamic) attainment levels achieved. We demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach in a simulation testbed that models a large IT service delivery environment, and compare its performance with two open loop dispatching policies.
Cover Picture: Polyaniline Nanofibers Prepared by Dilute Polymerization (Adv. Mater. 13/2005) (2005)

Abstract The cover image shows a scanning electron micrograph of polyaniline/camphorsulfonic acid nanofibers synthesized using dilute polymerization. The inset shows isolated branched nanofibers with diameters of 17–50 nm. On p. 1679, Chiou and Epstein report the preparation of these polyaniline nanofibers with controlled diameters via reducing the concentrations of both monomer and oxidant.
Smart Urban Signal Networks: Initial Application of the SURTRAC Adaptive Traffic Signal Control System (2013)

In this paper, we describe a pilot implementation and field test of a recently developed approach to real-time adaptive traffic signal control. The pilot system, called SURTRAC (Scalable Urban Traffic Control), follows the perspective of recent work in multi-agent planning and implements a decentralized, schedule-driven approach to traffic signal control. Under this approach, each intersection independently (and asynchronously) computes a schedule that optimizes the flow of currently approaching traffic through that intersection, and uses this schedule to decide when to switch green phases. The traffic outflows projected by this schedule are then communicated to the intersection's downstream neighbors, to increase visibility of vehicles entering their respective planning horizons. This process is repeated as frequently as once per second in rolling horizon fashion, to provide real-time responsiveness to changing traffic conditions and coordinated signal network behavior. After summarizing this basic approach to adaptive traffic signal control and the domain challenges it is intended to address, we describe the pilot implementation of SURTRAC and its application to a nine-intersection road network in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Both the SURTRAC architecture for interfacing with the detection equipment, hardware controller and communication network at a given intersection and the extensions required to account for unreliable sensor data are discussed. Finally, we present the results of a pilot test of the system, where SURTRAC is seen to achieve major reductions in travel times and vehicle emissions over pre-existing signal timings.
Saturated Red‐Light‐Emitting Gold(III) Triphenylamine Dendrimers for Solution‐Processable Organic Light‐Emitting Devices (2014)

A novel isoquinoline-containing C^N^C ligand and its phosphorescent triphenylamine-based alkynylgold(III) dendrimers have been synthesized. These alkynylgold(III) dendrimers serve as phosphorescent dopants in the fabrication of efficient solution-processable organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs). The photophysical, electrochemical, and electroluminescence properties were studied. A saturated red emission with CIE coordinates of (0.64, 0.36) and a high EQE value of 3.62% were achieved. Unlike other red-light-emitting iridium(III) dendrimers, a low turn-on voltage of less than 3 V and a reduced efficiency roll-off at high current densities were observed; this can be accounted for by the enhanced carrier transporting ability and the relatively short lifetimes in the high-generation dendrimers. This class of alkynylgold(III) dendrimers are promising candidates as phosphorescent dopants in the fabrication of solution-processable OLEDs.
Experimental Validation of Perfusion Imaging With HOSVD Clutter Filters (2020)

Novel pulsed-Doppler methods for perfusion imaging are validated using dialysis cartridges as perfusion phantoms. Techniques that were demonstrated qualitatively at 24 MHz, in vivo, are here examined quantitatively at 5 and 12.5 MHz using phantoms with the blood-mimicking fluid flow within cellulose microfibers. One goal is to explore a variety of flow states to optimize measurement sensitivity and flow accuracy. The results show that 2-3-s echo acquisitions at roughly 10 frames/s yield the highest sensitivity to flows of 1-4 mL/min. A second goal is to examine methods for setting the parameters of higher order singular value decomposition (HOSVD) clutter filters. For stationary or moving clutter, the velocity of the blood-mimicking fluid in the microfibers is consistently estimated within measurement uncertainty (mean coefficient of variation = 0.26). Power Doppler signals were equivalent for stationary and moving clutter after clutter filtering, increasing approximately 3 dB/mL/min of blood-mimicking fluid flow for 0 ≤ q ≤ 4 mL/min. Comparisons between phantom and preclinical images show that peripheral perfusion imaging can be reliably achieved without contrast enhancement.
MLN8054, an orally active Aurora A kinase small molecule inhibitor in phase I clinical trials (2006)

4724 The Aurora family of mitotic kinases play key roles in proper cell cycle progression. Aurora A and Aurora B are overexpressed in several human tumors and the Aurora A gene is amplified in a variety of cancers including breast, colon, and pancreatic. Due to their role in cancer, these kinases have been pursued as potential drug targets. Small molecules that inhibit both Aurora A and Aurora B kinase have been described in the literature and three have entered clinical trials. Here, we describe the first selective inhibitor of Aurora A to enter phase I clinical trials, MLN8054. MLN8054 selectively inhibits Aurora A over Aurora B in cultured human tumor cells and treatment results in phenotypes consistent with Aurora A inhibition including accumulation of mitotic cells with spindle abnormalities, and apoptosis. MLN8054 is orally bioavailable with a favorable pharmacokinetic profile to support once a day dosing in mice. A single oral administration of MLN8054 to nude mice bearing human colon tumor lines SW480 and HCT-116 resulted in a time-dependent accumulation of mitotic cells (beginning 4 hours after treatment) as detected by immunofluorescent staining for two mitotic markers. These in vivo results are consistent with MLN8054 mediating pharmacological effects through Aurora A inhibition. MLN8054 did not inhibit Aurora B in vivo at therapeutic doses as determined by the presence of staining in tumor tissue for the Aurora B substrate phosphorylated histone H3 (Ser10). Repeat dosing of MLN8054 induced apoptosis (starting on day 3) and tumor growth inhibition in several tumor models with once or twice a day dosing. MLN8054 is the first reported selective inhibitor of Aurora A kinase that robustly inhibits growth of human tumor xenografts and represents a novel modality for therapeutic intervention of human cancers.
Drilling with low viscosity fluids. [lamellar micelle systems] (1976)

An improved method of drilling a well is effected by circulating in the well a drilling fluid containing lamellar micelles at flow rates predetermined to produce retro-viscous behavior in the drilling fluid at noncryogenic temperatures. The composition contains 4-15 percent surfactant (preferably petroleum sulfonate having an average equivalent weight of 350-525), 30-70 percent liquid hydrocarbon, 15-66 percent water and optionally up to 20 percent cosurfactant (preferably an alcohol containing 1-20 carbon atoms) and/or electrolyte (preferably inorganic salt) and the micelles have an axial ratio of at least 3.5. Preferably, the composition has a viscosity of at least 75 cp at a shear rate of 10/sup -1/ seconds at 23/sup 0/C. The composition is substantially optically clear, phase stable, birefrigent, and the flow properties are such that substantially large increases in flow rates, e.g., 20-fold, can be realized at very small pressure increases, e.g., 5 percent. Additional additives to impart desired drilling properties can be included with the composition. 13 claims, 3 drawing figures.
Capillary flow solderability test for printed wiring boards (1994)

This report describes a new technique for evaluating capillary flow solderability on printed circuit boards. The test involves the flow of molten solder from a pad onto different-sized conductor lines. It simulates the spreading dynamics of either plated-through-hole (PTH) or surface mount technology (SMT) soldering. A standard procedure has been developed for the test. Preliminary experiments were conducted and the results demonstrate test feasibility. Test procedures and results are presented in this report.
A compact underwater vehicle using high-bandwidth coanda-effect valves for low speed precision maneuvering in cluttered environments (2011)

A highly maneuver able, compact vehicle for underwater precision inspection of complex structures is presented. The vehicle will have no appendages such as rudders, screws, and other external thrusters, which might get tangled and interfere with the underwater structure in a cluttered environment. A multi-axis, integrated thruster mechanism using Coanda-effect high-speed valves for switching the direction of jets can be encapsulated in a compact, egg-shaped body. Compared to traditional screw thrusters, these valves have improved dynamic performance in switching the jet stream direction. Furthermore, the reaction forces and moments due to switching can be substantially reduced. First, the principle of Coanda effect water jet valves is introduced, and its governing equations are obtained. Optimal dimensions and parameters producing a maximum of thrust are obtained, and are experimentally verified. Multiple Coanda-effect valves are then integrated into a tree structure to create a multi-axis thrust mechanism. A simple planar proof of concept prototype is built and tested.
Decoding-time prediction of non-verbalized punctuation (2008)

This paper presents novel methods that integrate lexical prediction of non-verbalized punctuations with Viterbi decoding for Large Vocabulary Conversational Speech Recognition (LVCSR) in a single pass. We describe two different approaches – one based on a modified finite state machine representation of language models and one based on an extension of an LVCSR decoder. We discuss advantages over traditional punctuation prediction approaches based on post-processing of recognition hypotheses, including experimental evaluation of the proposed approach using a state-of-the-art LVCSR decoder. Experiments were performed on a medical documentation corpus and results demonstrate that the proposed methods yield improved punctuation prediction  accuracy while at the same time reducing system complexity and memory requirements.
Correction to Nitrile in the Hole: Discovery of a Small Auxiliary Pocket in Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase Leading to the Development of Potent and Selective 2-Aminoquinoline Inhibitors (2019)

Page 3975. Under the paragraph heading "Inhibitor Complex Crystal Preparation", lines 9-10 state "⋯ for human eNOS, 12-15% PEG3350, 0.1 M Bis-Tris, pH 6.5, ⋯ ". It should read " ⋯ for human eNOS, 12-15% PEG3350, 0.1 M Bis-Tris, pH 7.5, ⋯ ".
Stretched Ultrashort Pulses for High Repetition Rate Swept-Wavelength Raman Pumping (2004)

We demonstrate a novel, high repetition rate, swept-wavelength Raman pump source. The pump is based on stretched femtosecond pulses, initially generated in a passively modelocked, erbium-doped, fiber laser, and wavelength shifted in highly nonlinear, dispersion shifted fiber. The pump wavelength has a linear sweep in time, with a repetition rate of 69 MHz. The pump has a center wavelength of 1470 nm, a full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 31 nm, and an average power of 350 mW. We characterize the pump by performing pump propagation experiments and electrical spectrum measurements of signal lasers amplified with the swept-wavelength pump.
Glutathione-S-transferase Activates Novel Alkylating Agents (1994)

Alkylating agents which are activated by glutathion-S-transferases (GSTs) have been designed and synthesized. The model compound gamma-glutamyl-alpha-amino-beta-[(2-ethyl N,N,N',N'-tetraethylphosphorodiamidate) sulfonyl]propionylglycine (1) and the nitrogen mustards gamma-glutamyl-alpha- amino-beta-[[2-ethyl N,N,N',N'-tetrakis (2-chloroethyl)phosphorodiamidate] sulfonyl]propionylglycine (2) and gamma-glutamyl-alpha-amino-beta-[[2-ethyl-N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2- chloroethyl)phosphorodiamidate]sulfonyl]-propionyl-(R)-(-)-phenylg lycine (3) were prepared via multistep chemical synthesis. The compounds were tested with recombinant human A1-1, M1a-1a and P1-1 GSTs. HPLC studies showed that the compounds were differentially and catalytically cleaved by biologically relevant concentrations of the GSTs. Mass spectral studies of the cleavage mixture of 2 showed that M1a-1a GST liberated the cytotoxic phosphate moiety needed for efficacy as an alkylating agent. Cell culture studies with MCF-7 breast cancer cells showed that 1 was not toxic at 200 microM, while 2 and 3 showed IC50S of 40.6 and 37.5 microM, respectively, for the same cell line. MCF-7 cells transfected to overexpress P1-1 GST showed enhanced sensitivity with 2 and 3, with IC50S of 20.9 and 9.5 microM, respectively. This result correlates well with the rates of cleavage of 2 and 3 by P1-1 GST observed in vitro and demonstrates that higher levels of cellular P1-1 GST will give increased sensitivity to these drugs.
Foil face seal development (2001)

Abstract : This paper describes the development to date of a novel combination of a foil gas thrust bearing and conventional face seal secondary to produce a hybrid design. The thrust-bearing portion has demonstrated an ability to handle sea face distortion far in excess of any other gas film riding seal. Some seal leakage has been sacrificed to accomplish this. Testing of the complete seal package including the secondary seal remains to be done. This will allow determination of actual seal leakage rates. The hybrid concept has some flexibility to tailor leakage rates and distortion capability. It is expected that an optimized configuration will be tested in the AADC/GE Phase III JTDE engine.
On effective conceptual indexing and similarity search in text data (2002)

Similarity search in text has proven to be an interesting problem from the qualitative perspective because of inherent redundancies and ambiguities in textual descriptions. The methods used in search engines in order to retrieve documents most similar to user-defined sets of keywords are not applicable to targets which are medium to large size documents, because of even greater noise effects, stemming from the presence of a large number of words unrelated to the overall topic in the document. Inverted representation is the dominant method for indexing text, but it is not as suitable for document-to-document similarity search, as for short user queries. One way of improving the quality of similarity search is Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI), which maps the documents from the original set of words to a concept space. Unfortunately, LSI maps the data into a domain, in which it is not possible to provide effective indexing techniques. The authors investigate new ways of providing conceptual search among documents by creating a representation in terms of conceptual word-chains. This technique also allows effective indexing techniques so that similarity queries can be performed on large collections of documents by accessing a small amount of data. We demonstrate that our scheme outperforms standard textual similarity search on the inverted representation both in terms of quality and search efficiency.
Transmit beamforming techniques for suppressing grating lobes in large pitch ultrasonic phased arrays (2011)

To date, clinical implementation of high-frequency ultrasound has been limited due to the difficulties in fabricating sufficiently small micro-array transducers. Specifically, if an array is desired with the ability to beam-steer to large angles, an inter-element pitch of approximately .5λ is required to avoid grating lobe artifacts. At high-frequencies (30-70MHz), this introduces major fabrication challenges since the required element pitch is between 10 and 25 microns. A new technique called Phase Coherence Imaging has been introduced in the literature for suppressing grating lobes in large-pitch arrays by calculating a weighting factor proportional to the instantaneous phase coherence of the received element echoes. If the reflected echoes in the grating lobe region are relatively broadband, only some of the echoes will overlap and the resulting weighting factor will be less. Unfortunately, most beamforming techniques result in relatively narrowband echoes in the grating lobe region, making this technique less effective. We have developed a technique that splits the N-element transmit aperture into N/K transmit elements and N receive elements in order to better suppress grating lobes by increasing the bandwidth of the grating lobe echoes. We have also developed a technique that uses a probing pulse from a virtual point source behind the array in order to pre-calculate weighting factors from broadband echoes before conventional transmit beamforming is used. Radiation patterns have been simulated and the amount of grating lobe suppression has been quantified using the proposed techniques. It has been shown that these techniques are very effective in suppressing grating lobes in large-pitch phased-arrays, potentially simplifying high-frequency array fabrication.
The effects of ion implantation on the photoferroelectric properties of lead lanthanum zirconate titanate ceramics (1981)

Abstract Earlier studies of Ar-, Ar + Ne- and Ar + Ne + He- implanted ferroelectric-phase lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) ceramics indicate that ion implantation can increase the intrinsic (near-uv) photoferroelectric sensitivity by more than four orders of magnitude compared to that of unimplanted PLZT. More recent studies involving implantation of chemically active ions, e.g., Al and Cr, indicate that the absorption spectrum of the implanted region can be extended from the near-uv to the visible, and that the extrinsic (visible-light) photoferroelectric sensitivity can be improved substantially with respect to that of PLZT implanted with inert ions. The results of these studies are reviewed and photographic sensitivities of Ar-, Ar + Ne-, Ar + Ne + He-, Al-, Cr-, Fe-, and Fe + Ne- implanted PLZT at both near-uv and visible-light wavelengths are compared with the sensitivities of other image storage media.
Wisteria Floribunda Agglutinin-Positive Mucin 1 Is a Sensitive Biliary Marker for Human Cholangiocarcinoma (2010)

Our approach focusing significant glyco-alteration of a particular glycoprotein yielded a novel diagnostic system for CC with satisfactory clinical scores.
LTE in unlicensed spectrum (2016)

In this work, we explore the potential and impact of unlicensed LTE on WiFi in unlicensed spectrum. Our experiments demonstrate that the large asymmetry in the channel access methodologies employed by WiFi and LTE (carrier sensing/notification in WiFi, energy sensing alone in LTE-U), can result LTE-U completely blocking WiFi transmissions, and causing significant degradation to either technologies from collisions.
Fast stimulated Raman projection tomography with iterative reconstruction from sparse projections (2019)

As an emerging volumetric imaging technique, Stimulated Raman projection tomography (SRPT) can provide quantitative distribution of chemical components in a three-dimensional (3D) volume, with a label-free manner. Currently, the filtered back-projection (FBP) algorithm is used to reconstruct the 3D volume in SRPT. However, to obtain a satisfactory reconstruction result, the FBP algorithm requires a certain amount of projection data, usually, at least 180 projections in a half circle. This leads to a long data acquisition time and hence limits dynamic and longitudinal observation of living systems. Iterative reconstruction from sparsely sampled data may reduce the total data acquisition time by reducing the projections used in the reconstruction. In this work, two total variation regularization based iterative reconstruction algorithms were selected and used in SRPT, including the simultaneous algebra reconstruction technique (SART) and the two-step iterative shrinkage/thresholding algorithm (TwIST). The well-known distance-driven model was utilized as the forward and back-projectors. We evaluated these two algorithms with numerical simulations. Using the original image as the reference, we calculated the quality of the reconstructed images. Simulation results showed that both the SART and TwIST performed better than the FBP algorithm, with larger values of the structural similarity (SSIM). Furthermore, the number of projection images can be largely reduced when the iterative reconstruction algorithm was used. Especially when the SART was used, the projection number can be reduced to 15, providing a satisfactory reconstruction image (SSIM is larger than 0.9).