gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurement and Definitions of Obesity In Childhood and Adolescence: A field guide for the uninitiated (2007)

This paper aims to guide readers embarking on the complex literature in respect of childhood and adolescent obesity. It opens with a discussion of definitions of 'obesity' based on overall fat levels and the significance of fat distribution. This is followed by simple descriptions of the various techniques used to measure fat, including density-based, scanning, bioelectrical impedance and anthropometric methods. The paper then turns to 'overweight' and the measurement of weight in relation to height, particularly via body mass index (BMI). While it is a relatively simple measure and a valuable tool, BMI has several disadvantages, which are described. These include a lack of consensus on which values should be used to define 'overweight' or 'obese', with the result that the literature contains a confusing multiplicity of child and adolescent obesity rates.
Clinical Characteristics of Basilar-Type Migraine in the Neurological Clinic of a University Hospital (2014)

Basilar-type migraine is an episodic disorder and occurred in 1.5% of patients with headache. More than one-half of patients have their first attack in the second and third decade of life. Trigger factors were common, and patients should be educated to avoid trigger factors.
DomSign: a top-down annotation pipeline to enlarge enzyme space in the protein universe (2015)

Our results offer preliminarily confirmation of the existence of the hypothesized huge number of "hidden enzymes" in the protein universe, the identification of which could substantially further our understanding of the metabolisms of diverse organisms and also facilitate bioengineering by providing a richer enzyme resource. Furthermore, our results highlight the necessity of using more advanced computational tools than BLAST in protein database annotations to extract additional biologically relevant functional information from the available biological sequences.
Search Monitor: An Approach for Computer-Controlled Experiments Involving Consumer Information Search (1988)

Journal Article Search Monitor: An Approach for Computer-Controlled Experiments Involving Consumer Information Search Get access Merrie Brucks Merrie Brucks Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Consumer Research, Volume 15, Issue 1, June 1988, Pages 117–121, https://doi.org/10.1086/209150 Published: 01 June 1988 Article history Received: 01 February 1987 Revision received: 01 December 1987 Published: 01 June 1988
The Influence of Reovirus Sigma C Protein Diversity on Vaccination Efficiency (2004)

Avian reovirus (ARV) is a disease agent that causes economic losses in the poultry industry. The available vaccines do not confer full protection. One possible reason is the existence in the field of many virulent serotypes with no cross protection. Several ARV strains have been isolated in Israel in the last few years. In this study, we investigated the diversity of the sigma C protein of ARV because this is the most variable protein in the virus and it induces the production of neutralizing antibodies. Sigma C from two virulent isolates was sequenced, cloned, and expressed. The protein sequence differed from the attenuated vaccine strain (strain 1133) but was similar to a U.S. virulent strain (strain 1733). Those differences led to a change in the antigenic index of the protein, mainly at three sites. Sera of infected birds in a field trial and of birds in a controlled experiment vaccinated with the recombinant sigma C protein showed high titers in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to the recombinant protein and lower titers to the attenuated vaccine strain. This means that sigma C can be used as a diagnostic tool for the detection of antibodies relevant for protection and in the future as a subunit vaccine. The results of this study highlight the need to reconsider vaccinations against ARV in terms of the strains to be used and of the method of identifying protective antibodies transferred to progeny.
An RNA aptamer possessing a novel monovalent cation-mediated fold inhibits lysozyme catalysis by inhibiting the binding of long natural substrates (2014)

RNA aptamers are being developed as inhibitors of macromolecular and cellular function, diagnostic tools, and potential therapeutics. Our understanding of the physical nature of this emerging class of nucleic acid-protein complexes is limited; few atomic resolution structures have been reported for aptamers bound to their protein target. Guided by chemical mapping, we systematically minimized an RNA aptamer (Lys1) selected against hen egg white lysozyme. The resultant 59-nucleotide compact aptamer (Lys1.2minE) retains nanomolar binding affinity and the ability to inhibit lysozyme's catalytic activity. Our 2.0-Å crystal structure of the aptamer-protein complex reveals a helical stem stabilizing two loops to form a protein binding platform that binds lysozyme distal to the catalytic cleft. This structure along with complementary solution analyses illuminate a novel protein-nucleic acid interface; (1) only 410 Å(2) of solvent accessible surface are buried by aptamer binding; (2) an unusually small fraction (∼18%) of the RNA-protein interaction is electrostatic, consistent with the limited protein phosphate backbone contacts observed in the structure; (3) a single Na(+) stabilizes the loops that constitute the protein-binding platform, and consistent with this observation, Lys1.2minE-lysozyme complex formation takes up rather than displaces cations at low ionic strength; (4) Lys1.2minE inhibits catalysis of large cell wall substrates but not catalysis of small model substrates; and (5) the helical stem of Lys1.2minE can be shortened to four base pairs (Lys1.2minF) without compromising binding affinity, yielding a 45-nucleotide aptamer whose structure may be an adaptable protein binding platform.
ACOUSTIC 'BLACK HOLES' FOR FLEXURAL WAVES AND THEIR POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS (2023)

This paper was presented at the Institute of Acoustics Spring Conference 2002, Salford, UK, 25-27 March 2002.
Real-Time Continuous Gesture Recognition with Wireless Wearable IMU Sensors (2018)

In this paper, we proposed a gesture recognition system with wearable IMU sensors with six axes data (including the accelerometer and gyroscope). The sensor is worn on the wrist, and the raw data are transmitted to the computer via Bluetooth low energy (BLE) to verify the captured data, a recognition system with machine learning classification process is built. The gestures to be recognized can be divided into two categories, with the first being single gestures, which includes ten basic movements, and the second the continuous combinational gestures, which is composed of the previous ten basic movements through different combinations. In order to achieve higher recognition accuracy, we used machine learning process in the system and two analyses, principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA), to extract well distinguished features. The main advantage of PCA and LDA is reducing dimensions of data while preserving as much of the class discriminatory information as possible. In addition, later processing time can be decreased due to reduced dimensions of data. The experiment is then proceeded with support vector machine (SVM) and dynamic time warping (DTW). With SVM technique, we can recognize movement with higher accuracy and less computation time. High dimension data are also supported. Even non-linear relations can be modeled with more precise classification due to SVM kernels. Dynamic time warping increases recognition accuracy by categorizing movements through the measurement of the resemblance among several temporal sequences which may alter in speed. In the experiment, we can get the accuracy of recognition at 100% for 10 classes with 40 subjects in single gesture under the case of user-dependent. And in continuous combinational gesture for the user-independent case, we can get the accuracy of recognition at 86.99% in fixed combinational gesture, and 60% in arbitrary combinational gesture.
Ultra-flat SPM-broadened spectra in a highly nonlinear fiber using parabolic pulses formed in a fiber Bragg grating (2006)

We propose a new method for generating flat self-phase modulation (SPM)-broadened spectra based on seeding a highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF) with chirp-free parabolic pulses generated using linear pulse shaping in a superstructured fiber Bragg grating (SSFBG). We show that the use of grating reshaped parabolic pulses allows substantially better performance in terms of the extent of SPM-based spectral broadening and flatness relative to conventional hyperbolic secant (sech) pulses. We demonstrate both numerically and experimentally the generation of SPM-broadened pulses centred at 1542 nm with 92% of the pulse energy remaining within the 29 nm 3 dB spectral bandwidth. Applications in spectra slicing and pulse compression are demonstrated.
Virtual Colorimetric Sensor Array: Single Ionic Liquid for Solvent Discrimination (2015)

There is a continuing need to develop high-performance sensors for monitoring organic solvents, primarily due to the environmental impact of such compounds. In this regard, colorimetric sensors have been a subject of intense research for such applications. Herein, we report a unique virtual colorimetric sensor array based on a single ionic liquid (IL) for accurate detection and identification of similar organic solvents and mixtures of such solvents. In this study, we employ eight alcohols and seven binary mixtures of ethanol and methanol as analytes to provide a stringent test for assessing the capabilities of this array. The UV-visible spectra of alcoholic solutions of the IL used in this study show two absorption bands. Interestingly, the ratio of absorbance for these two bands is found to be extremely sensitive to alcohol polarity. A virtual sensor array is created by using four different concentrations of IL sensor, which allowed identification of these analytes with 96.4-100% accuracy. Overall, this virtual sensor array is found to be very promising for discrimination of closely related organic solvents.
AGF1, an AT-Hook Protein, Is Necessary for the Negative Feedback of<i>AtGA3ox1</i>Encoding GA 3-Oxidase (2007)

Negative feedback is a fundamental mechanism of organisms to maintain the internal environment within tolerable limits. Gibberellins (GAs) are essential regulators of many aspects of plant development, including seed germination, stem elongation, and flowering. GA biosynthesis is regulated by the feedback mechanism in plants. GA 3-oxidase (GA3ox) catalyzes the final step of the biosynthetic pathway to produce the physiologically active GAs. Here, we found that only the AtGA3ox1 among the AtGA3ox family of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) is under the regulation of GA-negative feedback. We have identified a cis-acting sequence responsible for the GA-negative feedback of AtGA3ox1 using transgenic plants. Furthermore, we have identified an AT-hook protein, AGF1 (for the AT-hook protein of GA feedback regulation), as a DNA-binding protein for the cis-acting sequence of GA-negative feedback. The mutation in the cis-acting sequence abolished both GA-negative feedback and AGF1 binding. In addition, constitutive expression of AGF1 affected GA-negative feedback in Arabidopsis. Our results suggest that AGF1 plays a role in the homeostasis of GAs through binding to the cis-acting sequence of the GA-negative feedback of AtGA3ox1.
Awareness of Plagiarism Acts and Policy by Postgraduate Students in University of Ibadan, Nigeria (2018)

Plagiarism is an act that is capable of tarnishing the image of universities and postgraduate students need to avoid it. However, interactions with postgraduate students revealed that some of them did not consider some acts that constitute plagiarism as such due to ignorance. Besides, literature search showed that due attention appears not to have been paid to the issue of plagiarism policy in most universities in Nigeria. Thus, this study empirically examined the awareness of plagiarism acts and policy by postgraduate students in University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Descriptive survey research method was used and the study population comprised 26,503 postgraduate students of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. The multistage random sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 226 and the questionnaire was used to collect data. Findings showed that most of the respondents 171 (86.4%) were aware of what plagiarism is and majority were also highly aware of the different acts that constitute plagiarism. Results also revealed that a significant proportion of the postgraduate students 110 (55.6%) had low level of awareness of existence of a plagiarism policy in their university. Majority of the respondents had high level of research competence in avoiding plagiarism. It was recommended that the postgraduate school and faculties hold workshops every academic session to strengthen the research competence of postgraduate students and train them on how to use other people’s intellectual works without plagiarising. The management of the university should also ensure that plagiarism policy is formulated and implemented.
Identification of Hearing Loss After Age 18 Months Is Not Early Enough (1998)

The general development of 40 deaf and hard of hearing infants was analyzed. The infants were placed into one of two groups according to age at which hearing loss was identified: (a) before age 6 months and (b) after age 18 months. The mean age at testing was 40 months. Developmental quotients (DQs) were used to compare results regardless of the infants' age at time of testing. Infants were evaluated on the basis of their DQ scores on the Minnesota Child Development Inventory (MCDI; Ireton & Thwing, 1972). MCDI subtests include general development, gross motor, fine-motor, expressive language, comprehension-conceptual, situation-comprehension, self-help, and personal-social. Infants whose hearing loss was identified before age 6 months scored significantly higher than those whose hearing loss was identified after age 18 months in the expressive language and comprehension-conceptual subtests. The performance of the earlier-identified group supports the earliest identification of hearing loss and encourages implementation of universal hearing screening.
Phase 3 solanezumab trials: Secondary outcomes in mild Alzheimer's disease patients (2015)

These findings describe solanezumab effects on efficacy/safety measures in a mild AD population. Another phase 3 study, EXPEDITION3, will investigate solanezumab's effects in a mild AD population.
Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease Undergoing Treatment by Hemodialysis or Peritoneal Dialysis (2007)

Abdominal pain, laxative use, functional vomiting, and IBS were more common in uremic individuals than in controls without renal failure. Our data have not shown whether these differences are due to the uremic state itself, or, alternatively, its treatment.
Pharmacodynamics of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents in Acute Inflammation and Chronic Pain in the Horse. (1994)

The analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) ketoprofen (2.2 and 3.63 mg/kg) and phenylbutazone (4.4 mg/kg) were compared in equine models of acute synovitis and chronic hoof pain. The eicosanoids, prostaglandin E$\sb2$ (PGE$\sb2$) and leukotriene B$\sb4$ (LTB$\sb4$), increased dramatically in synovial fluid after carrageenan-induced synovitis of the intercarpal joint. PGE$\sb2$ concentrations in untreated horses peaked at 9 hours while LTB$\sb4$ concentrations peaked in all horses at 3 hours. Synovial fluid concentrations of both eicosanoids returned to near baseline by 48 hours. Lameness, joint temperature, and synovial fluid volume, protein and nucleated cells increased at 3 to 12 hours with reduction to near baseline levels by 48 hours. NSAIDs when given intravenously decreased joint concentrations of PGE$\sb2$, but LTB$\sb4$ levels were unaffected by drug administration. Both drugs decreased the signs of inflammation and lameness, but phenylbutazone was more effective. These data suggest that leukotrienes are involved in equine synovitis and the development of specific leukotriene inhibitors may be of therapeutic value. The plasma half-life of ketoprofen (2.2 mg/kg) in normal horses (0.88 hours) was higher than horses with synovitis (0.55 hours). Synovial fluid levels of ketoprofen in horses with synovitis were 6.5 times higher than normal horses at one hour. The area under the synovial fluid concentration curve for horses with synovitis was greater than in normal horses. These data suggest that the inflamed joint may serve as a site of sequestration for ketoprofen. Digital vein eicosanoid levels from horses with hoof pain from chronic laminitis were not different than those in normal horses. Although hoof pain and lameness could not be attributed to eicosanoids, both effects were reduced by the systemic administration of NSAIDs. Ketoprofen at a dose of 3.63 mg/kg (phenylbutazone equimolar dose) reduced hoof pain and lameness to a greater extent than the 2.2 mg/kg dose and phenylbutazone. These effects were still present at 24 hours for 3 of the 4 measures of hoof pain. These data suggest that phenylbutazone was more potent in alleviating acute joint inflammation whereas ketoprofen at a dosage rate of 1.65 times the therapeutic dose was more potent in alleviating chronic pain and lameness in horses.
A Survey of Reliable Multicast Communication (2007)

The paper reports on recent developments and challenges in reliable multicast communication, with special focus on reliable multicast communication at the application layer. The foundation of reliable multicast communication is given by several components, which are multicast communication, congestion control and error control. Our paper is providing a survey of these mechanisms in multicast environments.
Confidence in the Census (2016)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsJeff SuzukiJeff Suzuki is an associate professor of mathematics at CUNY Brooklyn and the author of Constitutional Calculus: The Math of Justice and the Myth of Common Sense (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2015). He is working on a book about mathematics-based patents. Email: JSuzuki@brooklyn.cuny.edu
Antibacterial activity of clavulanate and tazobactam on <i>Peptostreptococcus</i> spp. (1994)

Journal Article Antibacterial activity of clavulanate and tazobactam on Peptostreptococcus spp. Get access M. REIG, M. REIG Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Ramón y Cajal28034 Madrid, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar F. BAQUERO F. BAQUERO Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Ramón y Cajal28034 Madrid, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Volume 33, Issue 2, February 1994, Pages 358–359, https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/33.2.358 Published: 01 February 1994
A quantization-aware regularized learning method in multilevel memristor-based neuromorphic computing system (2017)

In this work, we propose a regularized learning method that is able to take into account the deviation of the memristor-mapped synaptic weights from the target values determined during the training process. Experimental results obtained when utilizing the MNIST data set show that compared to the conventional learning method which considers the learning and mapping processes separately, our learning method can substantially improve the computation accuracy of the mapped two-layer multilayer perceptron (and LeNet-5) on multi-level memristor crossbars by 4.30% (11.05%) for binary representation, and by 0.40% (8.06%) for three-level representation.
Capacity of pilot-aided MIMO communication systems (2004)

In this paper a MIMO system with transmit and receive antenna and the channel model with two methods of pilot-aided (PA) schemes are considered. The first scheme is pilot insertion (PI) scheme, where pilots are time multiplexed with data and the second scheme pilot embedding (PE) scheme, where pilots are added and transmitted concurrently with data. The study shows that PI scheme is better than PE scheme. To obtain the capacity the maximum-likelihood channel estimation is used. Then the discrete and continuous capacity of a MIMO channel with imperfect channel estimates is evaluated.
Nanobiotechnology (2004)

Nanobiotechnology :concepts, applications and perspectives , Nanobiotechnology :concepts, applications and perspectives , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Conclusive Evidence for an S<sub>N</sub>2‐Si Mechanism in the B(C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>‐Catalyzed Hydrosilylation of Carbonyl Compounds: Implications for the Related Hydrogenation (2008)

Just ask silicon: An experimentally straightforward yet effective Walden-type analysis showcases the usefulness of silanes with a stereogenic silicon center as stereochemical probes. The B(C6F5)3-catalyzed hydrosilylation and likely the related hydrogenation proceed through linear B-H-Si-O transition states, as verified by flawless inversion of the absolute configuration at silicon (see scheme).
Targeting TGF-β Signaling for Therapeutic Gain (2017)

Transforming growth factor βs (TGF-βs) are closely related ligands that have pleiotropic activity on most cell types of the body. They act through common heterotetrameric TGF-β type II and type I transmembrane dual specificity kinase receptor complexes, and the outcome of signaling is context-dependent. In normal tissue, they serve a role in maintaining homeostasis. In many diseased states, particularly fibrosis and cancer, TGF-β ligands are overexpressed and the outcome of signaling is diverted toward disease progression. There has therefore been a concerted effort to develop drugs that block TGF-β signaling for therapeutic benefit. This review will cover the basics of TGF-β signaling and its biological activities relevant to oncology, present a summary of pharmacological TGF-β blockade strategies, and give an update on preclinical and clinical trials for TGF-β blockade in a variety of solid tumor types.
Towards 10(exp 9) GPS geodesy: Vector baselines, Earth rotation and reference frames (1993)

Effort during the period form January 1, 1993 to December 31, 1993 were in the following areas: GPS orbit accuracy assessments and efforts to improve the accuracy; analysis and effects of GPS receiver antenna phase center variation; analysis of global GPS data being collected for the IGS campaign; and analysis of regional (south west Pacific) campaign data. A brief summary of each of the above activities is presented.
Sigma-2 Receptor Ligands: Neurobiological Effects (2015)

Sigma-2 receptor is a widely distributed protein, which can modulate cell proliferation and involved in the pathogenesis of tumor. Photoaffinity labelling techniques testified that its molecular size is about 18 kDa. Recent studies indicated that sigma-2 receptor modulates the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, dopaminergic transmission, and cocaine-induced addiction behavior. Some sigma-2 receptor ligands (ditolylguanidine, afobazole, etc) display the neuroprotective effect. Although sigma-2 receptor hasn't been cloned, tens of sigma-2 receptor ligands, which demonstrate high affinity and selectivity, have been identified in the past decade. In this review, we mainly focus on these series of selective sigma-2 receptor ligands, their neuropsychological effects, and molecular probes for tracing sigma-2 receptors in central nervous system.