gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Attention based driving event simulator for Telematics environment (2009)

As the information technology revolution brings more and more data into the vehicles, all of it competing for the driver's attention, the development of automated assistance for driver information processing becomes increasingly important. Therefore, drivers' workload is very essential factor for safety driving in Telematics. In this paper, we proposed driving event simulator considering drivers' capacity of workload. This driving simulator can be used to collect driving event data including driver event, vehicle event and external event.
Detecting Anomalies in Time-Varying Networks Using Tensor Decomposition (2015)

New data sources from sensor networks and Internet-of-Things applications promise a wealth of interaction data that can be naturally represented as time-varying networks. This brings forth new challenges for the identification and removal of time-varying graph anomalies that entail complex correlations of topological features and temporal activity patterns. Here we present an anomaly detection approach for temporal graph data, based on an iterative tensor decomposition and masking procedure. We test this approach using high-resolution social network data from wearable proximity sensors. The dataset includes metadata that allow to independently build a ground truth, used to validate the anomaly detection method. Our approach achieves high accuracy in identifying meso-scale network anomalies due to sensor wearing protocol, proving the practical viability of the method for a real-world application.
Mutual Coupling Reduction and Pattern Error Correction in a 5G Beamforming Linear Array Using CSRR (2018)

A four-element printed antenna array operating at 25-GHz frequency with complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) has been proposed for beamforming applications. The CSRR elements have been used to suppress the mutual coupling in the proposed array. The existence of the CSRR configuration in antenna array controls the unnecessary surface current flow between the array elements, and thus the mutual coupling between array elements has been significantly reduced up to −55 dB. The effect of mutual coupling on the array radiation patterns has been studied in the presence and absence of CSRRs. The effectiveness of the CSRR has been studied by steering the main beam as well as the nulls in different angles. By implementing the CSRR elements in array antenna, the distorted array patterns have been recovered and are presented. The proposed antenna array with the CSRR has the advantage of easy and low-cost fabrication and it offers excellent coupling suppression without changing the antenna profile. The commercially available simulation tools such as MATLAB and Ansys HFSS have been used for array weights calculation and antenna design respectively. Finally, the fabricated prototype has been experimentally verified, and it shows that the analytical and computed results agree well with the measured results.
<title>Highly efficient interconnect for use with a multistage optical switching network</title> (1993)

A multistage optical nonguided switching network has been proposed with orthogonally polarized data and address information. This network is unique in that the data information remains in optical form throughout the network (i.e., it is never converted into electrical information). Since the data are never regenerated throughout the network, the system has two main characteristics: (1) the bandwidth of the data is not restricted by electrical circuit considerations; and (2) the optical interconnections from one stage of the network to the next must be highly efficient. The second effect is of interest here. An interconnection that is 90% efficient between stages results in approximately a 57% attenuation of the data through a nine stage network (eight routing interconnections). After examining several methods for achieving this efficiency, a novel system layout is introduced.
Fast pyrolysis of pre-treated wood and cellulose (1987)

Over the last several years, the Waterloo Fast Pyrolysis Process (WFPP) has been developed to maximize yields of liquids by the rapid thermal decomposition of lignocellulosic biomass. The process operates at atmospheric pressure and the reaction is carried out in a fluidized bed of sand as a heat transfer medium. Optimal conditions for woody biomass are 450-550C and about 0.5 seconds gas residence time. The nature of the fluidizing gas has little influence on yields. Liquid yields from wood at optimal conditions are 70%-80% of the dry feed, with the organic liquid yields being 60%-65% of the dry wood fed.
VITRECTOMY WITH ARTERIOVENOUS DECOMPRESSION AND INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE DISSECTION IN BRANCH RETINAL VEIN OCCLUSION (2002)

These results demonstrate the therapeutic effect of surgical AV decompression in BRVO. Additional removal of the ILM seems to improve the functional results. Further experience may answer some open questions.
Countermeasures for GPS Signal Spoofing (2005)

The strength of the GPS signal on the earth’s surface averages -160 dBw [5]. While many GPS receivers leave large space for signal dynamics, enough power space is left for the GPS signals to be overridden (spoofed). Spoofing is completely different from jamming. The objective of jamming is to simply interrupt the availability of the signal in space at the receiver. The effect is to cause the signal at the receiver to be corrupted so that no valid GPS signal can be decoded by the receiver. The goal of spoofing, on the other hand, is to provide the receiver with a misleading signal, fooling the receiver to use fake signals in space for positioning calculations. The receiver will produce a misleading position solution. While the GPS P-code is heavily encrypted and thus, is hard to spoof, the civilian GPS signal, the C/A code, is easy to spoof because the signal structure, the spread spectrum codes, and modulation methods are open to the public. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the vulnerability of the satellite signal and GPS system to spoof attacks, propose the anti-spoofing algorithms and illustrate the simulations of spoofing impact and anti-spoofing results. It is believed by the authors of this paper that GPS can be spoofed in theory and producing a spoofing satellite signal is possible. However, practical spoofing that provides misleading navigation results at the receiver is difficult to conduct due to the signal infrastructure, and by applying trivial anti-spoofing algorithms in GPS receivers, spoofing attack can be easily detected.
Demonstration of a 700 volt asymmetrical, 4H-SiC gate-turn-off thyristor (GTO) (2002)

The potential of SiC-based power switching devices has been well recognized due to its superior materials properties relative to silicon. These properties (which include approximately 10/spl times/ higher breakdown voltage, 3/spl times/ higher band gap, 3/spl times/ higher thermal conductivity and 2/spl times/ higher electron saturated velocity) have the potential to yield significant size, weight and cost reductions as well as efficiency improvements at the systems level for commercial/military power utility and motor control applications. We report here progress on asymmetrical GTOs fabricated in 4H-SiC. The asymmetrical structure is easier to turn-off and has improved breakdown voltage capability compared to the symmetrical structure. The devices fabricated in this study have forward blocking voltage of 700 V in air even though the structures did not have any advanced edge termination. A forward voltage drop of 4.8 V was measured at 350/spl deg/C for a current density of 500 A/cm/sup 2/. Four GTO cells were combined to switch 1.4 amps. Storage times at turn-off were measured to be <100 ns at a current density of 500 A/cm/sup 2/, corresponding to a turn-off current gain of 1. In addition, 8 devices were combined in a package yielding 5 amps, indicating that current hogging is not a problem in these devices.
[Role of psychological studies in clinics for occupational diseases]. (1992)

The authors emphasize the significance of psychological studies in patients with occupational diseases. Foreign and home investigations of the problem are reported. The programme and prospects for the introduction of the methods into practical medicine are presented.
PEFP monitoring system through an Analog Input to Ethernet Converter (2007)

Proton Engineering Frontier Project (PEFP) has above 40 magnet power supplies for the 20 MeV proton linac. Because some power supplies have analog interfaces, we chose ATEC (Analog Input To Ethernet Converter) to monitor their output currents and voltage by supporting the protocol conversion function. Software components of the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) have been ported to a VME single board computer based on a Power PC microprocessor (MPC7410). This paper presents the software component and processing of analog input values between EPICS on the PowerPC based board and ATEC operating as Server Mode.
Sox9-Positive Progenitor Cells Play a Key Role in Renal Tubule Epithelial Regeneration in Mice (2016)

The kidney has a tremendous capacity to regenerate following injury, but factors that govern this response are still largely unknown. We isolated cells from mouse kidneys with high proliferative and multi-lineage differentiation capacity. These cells expressed a high level of Sox9. In regenerating kidneys, Sox9 expression was induced early, and 89% of proliferating cells were Sox9 positive. In vitro, Sox9-positive cells showed unlimited proliferation and multi-lineage differentiation capacity. Using an inducible Sox9 Cre line and lineage-tagging methods, we show that Sox9-positive cells can generate new daughter cells, contributing to the regeneration of proximal tubule, loop of Henle, and distal tubule segments but not to collecting duct and glomerular cells. Furthermore, inducible deletion of Sox9 resulted in reduced epithelial proliferation, more severe injury, and fibrosis development. In summary, we demonstrate that, in the kidney, Sox9-positive cells show progenitor-like properties in vitro and contribute to epithelial regeneration following injury in vivo.
Optimizing Transcoder Quality Targets Using a Neural Network with an Embedded Bitrate Model (2016)

Like all modern internet-based video services, YouTube employs adaptive bitrate (ABR) streaming. Due to the computational expense of transcoding, the goal is to achieve a target bitrate for each ABR segment, without requiring multi-pass encoding. We extend the content-dependent model equation between bitrate and frame rate [6] to include CRF and frame size. We then attempt to estimate the content-dependent parameters used in the model equation, using simple summary features taken from the video segment and a novel neural-network layout. We show that we can estimate the correct quality-control parameter on 65% of our test cases without using a previous transcode of the video segment. If there is a previous transcode of the same segment available (using an inexpensive configuration), we increase our accuracy to 80%.
Detecting hip fractures with radiologist-level performance using deep neural networks (2017)

We developed an automated deep learning system to detect hip fractures from frontal pelvic x-rays, an important and common radiological task. Our system was trained on a decade of clinical x-rays (~53,000 studies) and can be applied to clinical data, automatically excluding inappropriate and technically unsatisfactory studies. We demonstrate diagnostic performance equivalent to a human radiologist and an area under the ROC curve of 0.994. Translated to clinical practice, such a system has the potential to increase the efficiency of diagnosis, reduce the need for expensive additional testing, expand access to expert level medical image interpretation, and improve overall patient outcomes.
Comparison-based computations over fully homomorphic encrypted data (2014)

The possibility of outsourcing computation to the cloud offers businesses and individuals substantial cost-savings, flexibility, and availability of compute resources, but potentially sacrifices privacy. Homomorphic encryption can help address this problem by allowing the user to upload encrypted data to the cloud, on which the cloud can then operate without having the secret key. The cloud can return encrypted outputs of computations to the user without decrypting the data, thus providing data hosting and services without compromising privacy. This paper contribution is two-fold. First, it presents a survey into the subject of fully homomorphic encryption and highlights scenarios where homomorphic encryption could be an appropriate solution. Secondly, we focus on the modeling of number comparison in terms of homomorphic encryption. This approach is then used for applications such as the maximum value from a vector or the sorting problem.
Accuracy of IgM Immunoblotting to Confirm the Clinical Diagnosis of Early Lyme Disease (1996)

Using a commercially available immunoblot test kit, the presence of any 2 IgM bands is proposed as a positive result. The predictive value of a positive IgM immunoblot result, however, is poor in patients with minimal clinical evidence for Lyme disease.
Folate analogs. 32. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-desamino-2-methyl-N10-propargyl-5,8-dideazafolic acid and related compounds (1989)

The chemical synthesis of three close analogues (2-4) of N10-propargyl-5,8-dideazafolate (PDDF) is described. The quinazoline ring of 2 and 4 was constructed from the pivotal intermediate 9 in a novel and unambiguous manner during the final step of the synthesis under very mild conditions. 2-Desamino-2-methyl-N10-propargyl-5,8-dideazafolate (DMPDDF) (2) was a strong inhibitor of human and Lactobacillus casei thymidylate synthases, whereas 2-desamino-2-(trifluoromethyl)-N10-propargyl-5,8-didezafolate (3) and 2-desamino-2,3-dimethyl-N10-propargyl-5,8-dideazafolate (4) were only weak inhibitors of this enzyme. DMPDDF exhibited excellent growth inhibition of Manca human lymphoid leukemia and H35 hepatoma cells in culture. The inhibitor activities of 2 were 43- and 65-fold greater than that of PDDF, respectively, in these cell lines. H35R cells that are resistant to methotrexate by virtue of a transport defect were cross resistant to DMPDDF but not to PDDF. H35FF cells which have 70-fold greater amounts of thymidylate synthase compared to H35N cells were 130-fold resistant to DMPDDF. Furthermore, the toxicity of DMPDDF to H35 hepatoma cells could be completely reversed by thymidine, establishing its locus of action as thymidylate synthase. Transport studies in vitro established that DMPDDF effectively inhibits MTX influx into H35 hepatoma cells, whereas PDDF has no effect on MTX transport in this cell line. These data suggest that the greater activity of DMPDDF relative to PDDF is partly due to the ability of the former compound to enter cells via the MTX/reduced folate transport system. Enzyme inhibition data of 4 suggest that the presence of N3H in DMPDDF is essential for binding to thymidylate synthase.
Invasive cancer incidence and survival--United States, 2011. (2015)

Because of improvements in early detection and treatment of cancer, the proportion of persons with cancer who survive ≥5 years after diagnosis has increased. To assess progress toward achieving Healthy People 2020 objectives,* CDC analyzed data from U.S. Cancer Statistics (USCS) for 2011, the most recent data available. USCS includes incidence and survival data from CDC's National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) and the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program and mortality data from the National Vital Statistics System. In 2011, a total of 1,532,066 invasive cancers were reported to cancer registries in the United States (excluding Nevada), for an annual incidence rate of 451 cases per 100,000 persons. Cancer incidence rates were higher among males (508) than females (410), highest among black persons (458), and ranged by state, from 374 to 509 per 100,000 persons (339 in Puerto Rico). The proportion of persons with cancer who survived ≥5 years after diagnosis was 65% and was similar among males (65%) and females (65%) but lower among black persons (60%) compared with white persons (65%). Surveillance of cancer incidence and survival are essential for identifying population groups with high cancer incidence rates and low cancer survival rates as well as for estimating the number of cancer survivors, which was 13.7 million in 2012. These data are being used by states to effectively develop comprehensive cancer control programs, including supporting the needs of cancer survivors.
Cloning, sequence, and properties of the soluble pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase of Pseudomonas fluorescens (1997)

The gene encoding the soluble pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase (STH) of Pseudomonas fluorescens was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. STH is related to the flavoprotein disulfide oxidoreductases but lacks one of the conserved redox-active cysteine residues. The gene is highly similar to an E. coli gene of unknown function.
The use of an interface anneal to control the base current and emitter resistance of p-n-p polysilicon emitter bipolar transistors (1992)

The effects of an interface anneal on the electrical characteristics of p-n-p polysilicon-emitter bipolar transistors are reported. For devices with a deliberately grown interfacial oxide layer, an interface anneal at 1100 degrees C leads to a factor of 15 increase in base current, and a factor of 2.5 decrease in emitter resistance, compared with an unannealed control device. These results are compared with identical interface anneals performed on n-p-n devices, and it is shown that the increase in base current for p-n-p devices is considerably smaller than that for the n-p-n devices. This result is explained by the presence of fluorine in the p-n-p devices, which accelerates the breakup of the interfacial layer.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the d(T·A·T) Triple Helix (1997)

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been used to study the dynamical and time-averaged characteristics of the DNA triple helix d(T)10·d(A)10·d(T)10. The structures sampled during the trajectory resemble closely the B-type model for the DNA triplex proposed on the basis of NMR data, although there are some subtle differences. Alternative P- and A-type conformations for the triplex, suggested from X-ray experiments, are not predicted to contribute significantly to the structure of the DNA triplex in solution. Comparison with the best available experimental data supports the correctnes of the MD-generated structures. The analysis of the collected data gives a detailed picture of the characteristics of triple-helix DNA. A new and interesting pattern of hydration, specific for triplex DNA, is an important observation. The results suggest that molecular dynamics can be useful for the study of novel nucleic acid structures.
A Dynamic Sensor for Cherry Firmness (1995)

An impact sensor for measuring cherry firmness was developed and evaluated against both instrumental and sensory methods of firmness determination. The Momentum Transfer Generator (MTG), a sensor consisting of a coil magnet transducer attached to a spring-supported flat plate, produced a voltage proportional to the velocity of the plate being impacted. The initial slope of the voltage-time curve produced by the cherry impact was found to be directly proportional to cherry firmness and was relatively insensitive to cherry mass. The sensors measurement of firmness agreed with force-deformation tests and human perceptions of firmness.
Protein Abundance of Clinically Relevant Drug‐Metabolizing Enzymes in the Human Liver and Intestine: A Comparative Analysis in Paired Tissue Specimens (2017)

This work revises and complements existing findings on the distribution of drug-metabolizing enzymes in the first-pass effect organs. We explored gene expression (quantitative polymerase chain reaction) and protein abundance (liquid chromatography/ tandem mass spectrometry) of CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C8/9/19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP3A4/5, UGT1A1/3, UGT2B7/15 in the liver, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon in paired tissues from nine organ donors. All proteins were detected in the liver, but in the intestine CYP2C9/19, CYP2D6, CYP3A4/5, UGT1A1/3, and UGT2B7 were found. CYP3A4 showed comparable abundance in the liver and jejunum, whereas other enzymes were markedly higher in the hepatic tissue. Nearly all detected enzymes showed their highest abundance in the jejunum. Significant correlations between mRNA and protein levels in liver or intestine were found for most enzymes. CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 protein abundance, but not other enzymes, were significantly correlated in the liver and the small intestine. Our data may contribute to an improved understanding of hepatic and intestinal drug metabolism.
Sustained Immune Complex-Mediated Reduction in CD16 Expression after Vaccination Regulates NK Cell Function (2016)

Cross-linking of FcγRIII (CD16) by immune complexes induces antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) by natural killer (NK) cells, contributing to control of intracellular pathogens; this pathway can also be targeted for immunotherapy of cancerous or otherwise diseased cells. However, downregulation of CD16 expression on activated NK cells may limit or regulate this response. Here, we report sustained downregulation of CD16 expression on NK cells <i>in vivo</i> after intramuscular (but not intranasal) influenza vaccination. CD16 downregulation persisted for at least 12 weeks after vaccination and was associated with robust enhancement of influenza-specific plasma antibodies after intramuscular (but not intranasal) vaccination. This effect could be emulated <i>in vitro</i> by co-culture of NK cells with influenza antigen and immune serum and, consistent with the sustained effects after vaccination, only very limited recovery of CD16 expression was observed during long-term <i>in vitro</i> culture of immune complex-treated cells. CD16 downregulation was most marked among normally CD16<sup>high</sup> CD57<sup>+</sup> NK cells, irrespective of NKG2C expression, and was strongly positively associated with degranulation (surface CD107a expression). CD16 downregulation was partially reversed by inhibition of ADAM17 matrix metalloprotease, leading to a sustained increase in both CD107a and CD25 (IL-2Rα) expression. Both the degranulation and CD25 responses of CD57+ NK cells were uniquely dependent on trivalent influenza vaccine-specific IgG. These data support a role for CD16 in early activation of NK cells after vaccination and for CD16 downregulation as a means to modulate NK cell responses and maintain immune homeostasis of both antibody and T cell-dependent pathways.
An In-Pixel Current-Mode Amplifier for Computed Tomography (2006)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> A high-dynamic-range current-mode detector for a computed-tomography application is shown. A regulated current-mirror structure that provides a 17-bit dynamic range and a noise floor below 3 <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\hbox{pA}_{\rm rms}$</tex></formula> has been implemented at pixel level. Nonlinearity is kept below 2%, and the signal bandwidth is higher than 10 kHz. A test structure with a 4 <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\times$</tex></formula> 4 pixel array is presented in this paper. Both the photodiode and the current-mode amplifier have been integrated into the same CMOS standard process. </para>