gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A systems approach to model natural variation in reactive properties of bacterial ribosomes (2008)

Analogy to an enzyme reaction complex led us to a ribosome reaction model for measuring specific translation activity of a bacterial ribosome. We propose to use this model to design experimental tests of our hypothesis that specific translation activity is a ribosomal property that is subject to natural variation and natural selection much like Vmax and Km for any specific enzyme.
Novel recombinant adenovirus type 41 vector and its biological properties (2008)

An Ad41 vector system was successfully constructed, which consisted of the backbone plasmid, shuttle plasmid and packaging cell line 293E12. This system can be utilized to generate genetically stable and acid-resistant recombinant Ad41 carrying any gene of interest.
The Types and Characteristics of Decoration Techniques Applied to Traditional HanBok [Part II] - Focusing on Traditional HanBok for Women that were Delivered between 2006 and 2009 - (2010)

This study has the purpose of classifying the types of decoration techniques applied to the Korean traditional costume of modern style which are shown in relevant monthly magazines and analyzing the characteristics of the techniques. Findings of the study can be summarized as follows. The types of decoration techniques applied to the Korean traditional costume are classified into single and composite types according to decorative components. In the traditional costume of the former type, a quite many of gold and silver foils and embroideries are found. While, in that of the latter type, a combination of two different decorations, gold and silver foils and embroideries, embroideries and seonchigi or embroideries and stitches is usually used. These decoration techniques are usually applied to some parts of the costume like git, kkeutdong or cuffs, somae or sleeves, jacket or jeogori, the lower hem of the skirt and between joined parts in the skirt. More notably, Korean traditional costumes for women shown in monthly magazines released during the period as mentioned above were investigated to find that a part of the women's clothes, that is, skirt was in most cases decorated with brilliant embroideries. Used together with the techniques, patterns are usually applied onto embroideries and gold or silver foils. Most of the patterns are flower in shape. The main material of the Korean traditional costume is fabrics that have brilliant patterns on the surface and are commercially available irrespective of season. Consequently, since 2010, flower motive patterns which are important in modern fashion trend will be used in embroideries, gold and silver foils. Additionally, embroideries such as seakdong, applique, drawing made with modern style will be the main stream of new HanBok style.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactivity of Organic Compounds in Superheated Water: General Background (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Geometrical Design of a Scalable Overlapping Planar Spiral Coil Array to Generate a Homogeneous Magnetic Field (2012)

We present a design methodology for an overlapping hexagonal planar spiral coil (hex-PSC) array, optimized for creation of a homogenous magnetic field for wireless power transmission to randomly moving objects. The modular hex-PSC array has been implemented in the form of three parallel conductive layers, for which an iterative optimization procedure defines the PSC geometries. Since the overlapping hex-PSCs in different layers have different characteristics, the worst case coil-coupling condition should be designed to provide the maximum power transfer efficiency (PTE) in order to minimize the spatial received power fluctuations. In the worst case, the transmitter (Tx) hex-PSC is overlapped by six PSCs and surrounded by six other adjacent PSCs. Using a receiver (Rx) coil, 20 mm in radius, at the coupling distance of 78 mm and maximum lateral misalignment of 49.1 mm (1/√3 of the PSC radius) we can receive power at a PTE of 19.6% from the worst case PSC. Furthermore, we have studied the effects of Rx coil tilting and concluded that the PTE degrades significantly when <i>θ</i> > 60°. Solutions are: 1) activating two adjacent overlapping hex-PSCs simultaneously with out-of-phase excitations to create horizontal magnetic flux and 2) inclusion of a small energy storage element in the Rx module to maintain power in the worst case scenarios. In order to verify the proposed design methodology, we have developed the EnerCage system, which aims to power up biological instruments attached to or implanted in freely behaving small animal subjects' bodies in long-term electrophysiology experiments within large experimental arenas.
Earthmoving Construction Automation with Military Applications: Past, Present and Future (2018)

Earthmoving Construction Automation with Military Applications: Past, Present and Future Quang Ha, Leong Yen and Carlos Balaguer Pages 1180-1190 (2018 Proceedings of the 35th ISARC, Berlin, Germany, ISBN 978-3-00-060855-1, ISSN 2413-5844) Abstract: Amongst increasing innovations in frontier engineering sciences, the advancements in Robotic and Autonomous Systems (RAS) has brought about a new horizon in construction applications. There is evidence of the increasing interest in RAS technologies in the civil construction sector being reflected in construction efforts of many military forces. In particular, Army or ground -based forces are frequently called upon to conduct construction tasks as part of military operations, tasks which could be partially or fully aided by the employment of RAS technologies. Along with recent advances in the Internet of Things (IoT) and cyber-physical system infrastructure, it is essential to examine the current maturity, technical feasibility, and affordability, as well as the challenges and future directions of the adoption and application of RAS to military construction. This paper presents a comprehensive survey and provides a contemporary and industry-independent overview on the state-of-the-art of earthmoving construction automation used in defence, spanning current worlds best practice through to that which is predicted over the coming years. Keywords: Construction automation, Earthmoving, Defence, Robotic and Autonomous Systems. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC2018/0164 Download fulltext Download BibTex Download Endnote (RIS) TeX Import to Mendeley
Hydrodynamics and sediment transport in a meandering channel with a model axial‐flow hydrokinetic turbine (2016)

Abstract An investigation into the interactions between a model axial‐flow hydrokinetic turbine (rotor diameter, d T = 0.15 m) and the complex hydrodynamics and sediment transport processes within a meandering channel was carried out in the Outdoor StreamLab research facility at the University of Minnesota St. Anthony Falls Laboratory. This field‐scale meandering stream with bulk flow and sediment discharge control provided a location for high spatiotemporally resolved measurements of bed and water surface elevations around the model turbine. The device was installed within an asymmetric, erodible channel cross section under migrating bed form and fixed outer bank conditions. A comparative analysis between velocity and topographic measurements, with and without the turbine installed, highlights the local and nonlocal features of the turbine‐induced scour and deposition patterns. In particular, it shows how the cross‐section geometry changes, how the bed form characteristics are altered, and how the mean flow field is distorted both upstream and downstream of the turbine. We further compare and discuss how current energy conversion deployments in meander regions would result in different interactions between the turbine operation and the local and nonlocal bathymetry compared to straight channels.
Evaluation of the Andromas Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry System for Identification of Aerobically Growing Gram-Positive Bacilli (2012)

Matrix-associated laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is a rapid and simple microbial identification method. Previous reports using the Biotyper system suggested that this technique requires a preliminary extraction step to identify Gram-positive rods (GPRs), a technical issue that may limit the routine use of this technique to identify pathogenic GPRs in the clinical setting. We tested the accuracy of the MALDI-TOF MS Andromas strategy to identify a set of 659 GPR isolates representing 16 bacterial genera and 72 species by the direct colony method. This bacterial collection included 40 C. diphtheriae, 13 C. pseudotuberculosis, 19 C. ulcerans, and 270 other Corynebacterium isolates, 32 L. monocytogenes and 24 other Listeria isolates, 46 Nocardia, 75 Actinomyces, 18 Actinobaculum, 11 Propionibacterium acnes, 18 Propionibacterium avidum, 30 Lactobacillus, 21 Bacillus, 2 Rhodococcus equi, 2 Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, and 38 other GPR isolates, all identified by reference techniques. Totals of 98.5% and 1.2% of non-Listeria GPR isolates were identified to the species or genus level, respectively. Except for L. grayi isolates that were identified to the species level, all other Listeria isolates were identified to the genus level because of highly similar spectra. These data demonstrate that rapid identification of pathogenic GPRs can be obtained without an extraction step by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.
Effect of Maternal and Postweaning Folic Acid Supplementation on Mammary Tumor Risk in the Offspring (2010)

Abstract Intrauterine and early life exposure to folic acid has significantly increased in North America owing to folic acid fortification, widespread supplemental use, and periconceptional supplementation. We investigated the effects of maternal and postweaning folic acid supplementation on mammary tumor risk in the offspring. Female rats were placed on a control or folic acid–supplemented diet prior to mating and during pregnancy and lactation. At weaning, female pups from each maternal diet group were randomized to the control or supplemented diet and mammary tumors were induced with 7,12 dimethylbenz[a]anthracene at puberty. At necropsy, mammary tumor parameters, genomic DNA methylation, and DNA methyltransferase activity were determined in the offspring. Both maternal and postweaning folic acid supplementation significantly increased the risk of mammary adenocarcinomas in the offspring (OR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.2–3.8, P = 0.008 and OR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.1–3.3, P = 0.03, respectively). Maternal folic acid supplementation also significantly accelerated the rate of mammary adenocarcinoma appearance (P = 0.002) and increased the multiplicity of mammary adenocarcinomas (P = 0.008) in the offspring. Maternal, but not postweaning, folic acid supplementation significantly reduced global DNA methylation (P = 0.03), whereas postweaning, but not maternal, folic acid supplementation significantly decreased DNA methyltransferase activity (P = 0.05) in nonneoplastic mammary glands of the offspring. Our findings suggest that a high intrauterine and postweaning dietary exposure to folic acid may increase the risk of mammary tumors in the offspring. Further, they suggest that this tumor-promoting effect may be mediated in part by altered DNA methylation and DNMT activity. Cancer Res; 71(3); 988–97. ©2010 AACR.
INFLUENCE OF FLUOROCARBON EMULSIONS ON PORPHYRIN‐SENSITISED OXIDATION OF HISTIDINE (1990)

Abstract— The influence of fluorocarbon emulsions on the efficiency of photosensitized oxidation of histidine in solution has been studied, using haematoporphyrin and dihaematoporphyrin derivatives as sensitisers. It is shown that the fluorocarbon emulsions at low concentrations efficiently disaggregate porphyrins, and thereby enhance photosensitised oxidation. The high solubility of oxygen in fluorocarbon emulsions maintains solution oxygen tension, optimising photooxidative damage. It is suggested that fluorocarbon emulsions might find a role in photodynamic therapy, both as carriers for sensitising dyes, and also to maintain tissue oxygenation in hypoxic regions of solid tumours.
Ideal Midline Detection Using Automated Processing of Brain CT Image (2013)

Brain ideal midline estimation is vital in medical image processing, especially in analyzing the severity of a brain injury in clinical environments. We propose an automated computer-aided ideal midline estimation system with a two-step process. First, a CT Slice Selection Algorithm (SSA) can automatically select an appropriate subset of slices from a large number of raw CT images using the skull’s anatomical features. Next, an ideal midline detection is implemented on the selected subset of slices. An exhaustive symmetric position search is performed based on the anatomical features in the detection. In order to enhance the accuracy of the detection, a global rotation assumption is applied to determine the ideal midline by fully considering the connection between slices. Experimental results of the multi-stage algorithm were assessed on 3313 CT slices of 70 patients. The accuracy of the proposed system is 96.9%, which makes it viable for use under clinical settings.
Improvement of Electrical Conductivity of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) Thin Film (2013)

In order to improve the electrical conductivity of in-situ polymerized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) thin film, we investigated the effect of doping level and co-dopant on the electrical conductivity. Doping level of PEDOT thin film was determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and it was found that the higher doping level led to higher electrical conductivity. We also used several kinds of co-dopants such as methanesulfunic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid to increase the conductivity of PEDOT. When methanesulfonic acid was used as co-dopant, electrical conductivity of PEDOT thin film increased up to 1,500 S/cm. It is considered that the enhanced conductivity resulted from higher interchain conduction or more expanded chain structure due to small dopant size of methanesulfunic acid.
UQLIPS: a real-time near-duplicate video clip detection system (2007)

Near-duplicate video clip (NDVC) detection is an important problem with a wide range of applications such as TV broadcast monitoring, video copyright enforcement, content-based video clustering and annotation, etc. For a large database with tens of thousands of video clips, each with thousands of frames, can NDVC search be performed in real-time? In addition to considering inter-frame similarity (i.e., spatial information), what is the impact of frame sequence similarity (i.e., temporal information) on search speed and accuracy? UQLIPS is a prototype system for online NDVC detection. The core of UQLIPS comprises two novel complementary schemes for detecting NDVCs. Bounded Coordinate System (BCS), a compact representation model ignoring temporal information, globally summarizes each video to a single vector which captures the dominating content and content changing trends of each clip. The other proposal, named FRAme Symbolization (FRAS), maps each clip to a sequence of symbols, and takes temporal order and sequence context information into consideration. Using a large collection of TV commercials, UQLIPS clearly demonstrates that it is feasible to perform real-time NDVC detection with high accuracy. Copyright 2007 VLDB Endowment, ACM.
Computer-assisted analysis of two-dimensional electrophoreses of human lymphoid cells. (1980)

Two-dimensional electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel provides a highly reproducible display of biosynthetically pulse-labeled cellular polypeptides, whose relative rates of synthesis can be judged from the relative spot densities they produce in fluorographic images of the electrophoreses. When experimental and control cell populations synthesize protein at differing rates, either the sample load per gel or the duration of exposure of gel to film may be adjusted to produce comparable experimental and control images with no alteration in the rank order of relative spot density. However, variation in the duration of pulse-labeling may significantly alter relative spot density. Film density saturation and nonlinear response to radiation may also alter relative spot density for polypeptides with very large or very small amounts of radioactivity. Stimulation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes with phytohemagglutinin alters the relative synthesis rates of certain polypeptides visualized on the gels. These can be quantitated by using an automated series of computer algorithms to analyze the images. Data from this analysis confirm statistically significant alterations in the relative densities produced by certain polypeptides. Various human lymphoblastoid cell lines may also be distinguished from each other by this technique.
Novel Stereoselective Syntheses of the Fused Benzazepine Dopamine D<sub>1</sub> Antagonist (6a<i>S</i>,13b<i>R</i>)-11-Chloro-6,6a,7,8,9,13b-hexahydro-7-methyl-5<i>H</i>- benzo[<i>d</i>]naphth[2,1-<i>b</i>]azepin-12-ol (Sch 39166):  1. Aziridinium Salt Based Syntheses (1998)

Several novel enantioselective syntheses of the dopamine D1 antagonist (6aS,13bR)-11-chloro-6,6a,7,8,9,13b-hexahydro-7-methyl-5H-benzo[d]naphth[2,1-b]azepin-12-ol (2) are described in which the key intermediate was 1-(2,2-dimethoxyethyl)-1-methyl-1a,2,3,7b-tetrahydro-1H-naphth[1,2-b]aziridinium salt (20). The latter species was prepared either from 1-(2,2-dimethoxyethyl)-1a,2,3,7b-tetrahydro-1H-naphth[1,2-b]azirine (18) by methylation or from the tertiary amino alcohols 1-[(2,2-dimethoxyethyl)methylamino]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-naphthalenol (23) or 2-[(2,2-dimethoxyethyl)methylamino]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenol (24) by tosylation and in situ ring closure. Regioselective trapping of 20 with Grignard reagent (4-chloro-3-methoxyphenyl)magnesium bromide (10) then afforded the trans amine 1-(4-chloro-3-methoxyphenyl)-N-(2,2-dimethoxyethyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-N-methyl-2-naphthalenamine (22), which was cyclized to give 11-chloro-6,6a,7,8,9,13b-hexahydro-7-methyl-12-methoxy-5H-benzo[d]naphth[2,1-b]azepine (9), a known precursor of 2. Several enantioselective syntheses, including a Jacobsen epoxidation route, a de novo synthesis from l-homophenylalanine, and a classical salt resolution sequence, were developed for the preparation of the key intermediates in chiral form.
Grapefruit juice—terfenadine single-dose interaction: Magnitude, mechanism, and relevance* (1997)

A normal amount of regular-strength grapefruit juice produced maximum single-dose effects on terfenadine and carboxylic acid metabolite pharmacokinetics. The mechanism likely involved reduced presystemic drug elimination by inhibition of more than one metabolic pathway. The extent of the interaction was not sufficient to produce electrocardiographic changes. However, the pharmacokinetic effects were highly variable among individuals. This study further enhances the awareness of the potential for a serious interaction between grapefruit juice and terfenadine.
Sensitization of postsynaptic dorsal column neuronal responses by colon inflammation (1997)

The role of a newly identified component of the postsynaptic dorsal column (PSDC) system in viscerosensory processing has been recently described. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of colon inflammation on the responses of single PSDC cells, located in the vicinity of the central canal at L6-S1 spinal segments, to graded colorectal distension (CRD) and to cutaneous stimulation. Experiments were conducted on seven male Sprague-Dawley rats anesthetized with pentobarbital. Recordings were made from seven PSDC cells located around the central canal at L6-S1 in response to CRD and cutaneous stimulation before and after colon inflammation. Inflammation of the colon with mustard oil (MO) induced an increase in the background activity of these cells. Colon inflammation also potentiated the responses of the PSDC cells to graded CRD but not to cutaneous stimulation. This is consistent with previously observed effects of colon inflammation on the responses of viscerosensitive cells in the ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus of the thalamus and in the nucleus gracilis (NG). These observations support a role of the PSDC system in viscerosensory processing and primary visceral hyperalgesia.
An atom interferometer inside a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (2018)

Coherent interactions between electromagnetic and matter waves lie at the heart of quantum science and technology. However, the diffraction nature of light has limited the scalability of many atom-light-based quantum systems. We use the optical fields in a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber to spatially split, reflect, and recombine a coherent superposition state of free-falling <sup>85</sup>Rb atoms to realize an inertia-sensitive atom interferometer. The interferometer operates over a diffraction-free distance, and the contrasts and phase shifts at different distances agree within one standard error. The integration of phase coherent photonic and quantum systems here shows great promise to advance the capability of atom interferometers in the field of precision measurement and quantum sensing with miniature design of apparatus and high efficiency of laser power consumption.
Learning Multi-Instance Deep Ranking and Regression Network for Visual House Appraisal (2018)

This paper presents a weakly supervised regression model for the visual house appraisal problem, which aims to predict the value of a house from its photos and textual descriptions (e.g., number of bedrooms). The key idea of our approach is a multi-layer neural network, called multi-instance Deep Ranking and Regression (MiDRR) net, which jointly solves two coupled tasks: ranking and regression, in the multiple instance setting. The network is trained using weakly supervised data, which do not require intensive human annotations. We also design a set of human heuristics to promote deep features through imposing constraints over the solution space, e.g., a house with three bedrooms often has a higher value than that with only two bedrooms. While these constraints are specific to the studied problem, the developed formula can be easily generalized to the other regression applications. For test and evaluation purposes, we collect a comprehensive house image benchmark that includes 900,000 photos from 30,000 houses recently traded in the USA, and apply the proposed MiDRR net to predict house values. Extensive evaluations with comparisons demonstrate that additional usage of imagery data as well as human heuristics can significantly boost system performance and that the proposed MiDRR net clearly outperforms the alternative methods.
Detection of coded concentric rings for camera calibration (2008)

A fast and accurate coded marker identification method is presented in this paper. The method combines image processing techniques with prior information of markerpsilas appearance and shape. The deformation of the circle caused by projection is considered so that the marker can be recognized correctly. The experiments demonstrate the robustness and accuracy of our method.