gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Using Data Mining to Build a Tool to Estimate the Extent of Pipeline Corrosion (2011)

Abstract Manual inspection data are often collected by an operator for its non-piggable pipelines to determine the state of the pipeline infrastructure across its portfolio of upstream operating locations. This inspection effort confirms the current understanding of corrosion mechanisms and the success of ongoing protective measures. With sufficient data for a pipeline, statistical estimation of the extreme wall loss value and the percentage of the pipeline that would have wall thickness less than designated important thresholds can be undertaken. The principle difficulty in the process for estimating a worst case for corrosion is validating an appropriate statistical distribution for use in the computations. A database of wall loss measurements from in-line inspection (ILI) provided the basis for a clever data-based solution. Statistical sampling and estimation were used to create datasets for which a number of different distributions could be evaluated. The results of this exercise were used to build a statistical distribution selection algorithm that was calibrated versus statistics that could be calculated from the available manual inspection data for any pipeline. This process for determining the expected worst corrosion for a pipeline is quick and automatic. It allows the assets to use their inspection data to easily update their understanding of pipeline condition as new inspections become available. This guides decisions for further inspection needs or possible repair requirements. The process is readily updated as new ILI's provide additional information that can be used to improve the extreme value distribution selection algorithm. This paper builds on technology that is described in SPE 128697 (Ziegel et al 2009), which demonstrated that the adequacy of the number of inspections for a pipeline could be assessed by using the available ILI data to establish sampling distributions as the basis for sample size requirements for manual inspections. The two technologies together turn a lot of pipeline inspections into a direct awareness of the statistical assuredness of the current understanding of pipeline condition. The additional information improves the ability of inspection and repair functions to ensure that oil remains in pipelines. Loss of containment can result in millions of dollars of lost profits in a single day and have a very negative impact on the reputation of the operator.
<title>Programmable multiresolution CMOS active pixel sensor</title> (1996)

CMOS active pixel sensors (APS) allow the flexibility of placing signal processing circuitry on the imaging focal plane. The multiresolution CMOS APS can perform block averaging on-chip to eliminate the off-chip software intensive image processing. This 128 X 128 APS array can be read out at any user-defined resolution by configuring a set of digital shift registers. The full resolution frame rate is 30 Hz with higher rates for all other image resolutions.
Silicon-conductive oxide nano-cavity modulator with extremely small active volume (2018)

We design and experimentally demonstrated an ultra-compact modulator using transparent conductive oxide as the gate on 1-D silicon photonic crystal cavity. The device offers an ultra-small active volume (<0.06 μm3) and 46 fJ/bit energy efficiency.
Synthesis and selective class III antiarrhythmic activity of novel N-heteroaralkyl-substituted 1-(aryloxy)-2-propanolamine and related propylamine derivatives (1991)

The synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of novel 1-(aryloxy)-2-propanolamines and several related deshydroxy analogues are described. Compounds 4-29 were prepared and investigated for their class III electrophysiological activity in isolated canine Purkinje fibers and in anesthetized open-chest dogs. None of these compounds showed any class I activity. On the basis of the in vitro data, structure-activity relationships for the series are discussed. Two compounds, N-[4-[2-hydroxy-3-[methyl(2-quinolinylmethyl)amino] propoxy]phenyl]methanesulfonamide (12,WAY-123,223) and N-[2-[[methyl[3-[4-[(methylsulfonyl)amino]phenoxy]propyl] amino]methyl]-6-quinolinyl]-methanesulfonamide (24, WAY-125,971) were identified and characterized as potent and specific class III antiarrhythmic agents in vitro and in vivo. Compound 12 was found to be orally bioavailable, to produce large increases of ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT), and, in some instances, to restore sinus rhythm from ventricular fibrillation in anesthetized open-chest dogs at a dose of 5 mg/kg (iv). The enantiomers of 12 (i.e., 13 and 14) were synthesized and were found to exhibit similar electrophysiological effects in the Purkinje fiber screen. Compound 24, a propylamine analogue with potency and efficacy comparable to those of UK-68798 (2) and E-4031 (3), was studied in voltage-clamp experiments (isolated cat myocytes) and was found to be a potent and specific blocker of the delayed rectifier potassium current (IK).
P2X <sub>7</sub> -mediated chemoprevention of epithelial cancers (2009)

Background: Anti-apoptotic mechanisms contribute to the development of cancer. The purinergic ligand-gated ion channel receptor P2X7 system is an important pro-apoptosis modulator in epithelial cells, and augmentation of P2X7-mediated apoptosis has been proposed as a novel pharmacological modality for chemoprevention and treatment of epithelial cancers. Objective: This review focuses on the progress towards clinical application of therapies that directly modulate P2X7-mediated apoptosis. This paper reviews and discusses P2X7-mediated apoptosis in the context of prevention and growth-control of epithelial cancer cells, and summarizes recent data in the mouse skin model in vivo. Methods: Data for this review were identified from the PubMed and MEDLINE databases. Summary/conclusions: The growing understanding of mechanisms of P2X7-mediated apoptosis has generated a novel strategy for targeting directly and specifically skin neoplasia. The data link directly, for the first time, upregulation of apoptosis with cancer chemoprevention. Striking antitumor efficacy has been achieved in the rodent cancer model, and it is likely that the recently gained wealth of knowledge about the mechanisms of P2X7-control of apoptosis will eventually be translated into new clinical therapies for epithelial cancers.
Monostatic Antenna In-Band Full Duplex Radio: Performance Limits and Characterization (2019)

This paper presents an in-band full duplex (IBFD) architecture, comprised of a monostatic antenna and software defined radio (SDR) implementing digital self-interference cancellation (DSIC). For this architecture, three alternative monostatic antennas with high passive suppression are integrated with a least squares linear DSIC algorithm implemented on the WARP v3 orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing based IEEE 802.11 SDR. Via detailed laboratory tests, the performance of the proposed IBFD radio architecture is investigated, considering various indoor positions and orientations for each antenna. The measurement results have been utilized to devise an analytical model for characterizing the power of the residual self-interference in the monostatic antenna IBFD radio as a function of transmit power levels. It is shown that the monostatic IBFD architecture can achieve up to almost 99 dB total cancellation, enabling medium range full duplex communication with moderate transmit power levels. Bidirectional communication is demonstrated between the two IBFD nodes with the proposed architecture, and error vector magnitude is observed as a function of increasing transmit power, i.e., SI. The throughput gain of full-duplex communication over half-duplex communication is also calculated as a function of payload size and the gain is found to be close to two for the settings used in the experiments.
Longitudinal changes of multiple CSF phosphorylated tau sites in dominantly inherited Alzheimer disease (2021)

Abstract Background Recent analyses of tau phosphorylation in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from dominantly inherited Alzheimer disease (DIAD) patients have pinpointed early modification of phosphorylated tau (p‐tau) at 217 (pT217) occurring simultaneously with emergence of amyloid plaques. This has opened new perspective in diagnosing AD pathology at preclinical stages using ptau in CSF and plasma. Tau is phosphorylated at many sites in brain and a subset of them is detectable in CSF. To date, we have investigated four p‐tau sites and demonstrated the modifications of pT217, pT181 and pT205 start respectively 21, 19 and 13 years before estimated year to symptom onset (EYO) when pS202 remained unchanged. We extend the list of monitored ptau sites in the DIAN cohort to ten tau residues. Method 589 CSF samples from 370 participants in DIAD families were analyzed by tau immunopurification and multiplex‐targeted mass spectrometry using nanoLC‐Q‐LTQ‐Orbitrap instrument. We measured phosphorylation occupancy and ptau level at T111, T153, T175, T181, S199, S202, T205, S208, T217 and T231. For each ptau, we calculated area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) to detect amyloidosis as measured by PiB‐PET. We determined phosphorylation amount and rate of change over the course of the disease based on EYO. Result The most to least sensitive phosphorylated sites for detecting amyloidosis in mutation carriers were T217, T181, T153, T111, T231, S208 and T205 with AUC ranging from 0.96 to 0.87. T175, S199 and S202 were not significantly modified. For the newly investigated sites pT111, pT153, pS208 and T231, we found significant hyperphosphorylation compared to non‐carriers at EYOs ranging from ‐22 to ‐19 years. Longitudinal analyses of pT153, pS208 and pT231 demonstrated a decreasing of the phosphorylation after symptoms as previously observed for pT217 and pT181. Separately, pT111 continued to increase after onset. Conclusion This study corroborates the distinct response of tau residues to hyperphosphorylation over AD process. We confirm pT217 is the earliest abnormally modified phosphorylated site in AD amongst the 10 sites investigated in CSF. Our results support the use of pT153, pT111 pT231 and pS208 as additional ptau biomarkers for the diagnosis of asymptomatic AD.
Reductive Cleavage of Organic Peroxides by Iron Salts and Thiols (2018)

Despite the low bond strength of the oxygen-oxygen bond, organic peroxides are often surprisingly resistant to cleavage by nucleophiles and reductants. As a result, achieving decomposition under mild conditions can be challenging. Herein, we explore the reactivity of a selection of peroxides toward thiolates, phenyl selenide, Fe(II) salts, and iron thiolates. Peroxides activated by conjugation, strain, or stereoelectronics are rapidly cleaved at room temperature by thiolate anions, phenylselenide, or Fe(II) salts. Under the same conditions, unhindered dialkyl peroxides are only marginally reactive; hindered peroxides, including triacetone triperoxide and diacetone diperoxide (DADP), are inert. In contrast, all but the most hindered of peroxides are rapidly (<1 min at concentrations down to ∼40 mM) cleaved by mixtures of thiols and iron salts. Our observations suggest the possible intermediacy of strongly reducing complexes that are readily regenerated in the presence of stoichiometric thiolate or hydride. In the case of DADP, an easily prepared explosive of significant societal concern, catalytic amounts of iron and thiol are capable of promoting rapid and complete disproportionation. The availability of inexpensive and readily available catalysts for the mild reductive degradation of all but the most hindered of peroxides could have significant applications for controlled remediation of explosives or unwanted radical initiators.
Multi-dimensional reproduction system (1994)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation William C. Scofield, Lynn A. McCroskey; Multi‐dimensional reproduction system. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 June 1994; 95 (6): 3685. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.409877 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Compact filtering switch with harmonic suppression based on coupling control (2017)

In this paper, a compact filtering switch with harmonic suppression based on coupling control is presented. The ON- and OFF-states are enabled by turning on and off the PIN diodes in the feeding lines of a bandpass filter (BPF). In the ON-state, the PIN diodes are turned off, which do not cost extra loss. The whole circuit is the same as a conventional BPF. Meanwhile, a coupling structure between resonators is utilized to suppress the second harmonic, resulting in wide stopband. In the OFF-state, discriminating coupling is introduced, where the coupling coefficient between the feeding line and resonator is controlled as zero. Thus, high isolation is obtained. For demonstration, the filtering switch is implemented. The measured results show that the proposed filtering switch exhibits low ON-state loss, wide stopband performance and high OFF-state isolation.
High energy x‐ray phase contrast CT using glancing‐angle grating interferometers (2014)

DPC-CT with glancing-angle interferometers provides improved soft tissue contrast over absorption CT even at clinically compatible dose levels (estimated by a Monte-Carlo computer simulation). Further steps in image processing, data reconstruction, and spectral matching could make the technique fully clinically compatible. Nevertheless, due to its increased scan time and complexity the technique should be thought of not as replacing, but as complimentary to conventional CT, to be used in specific applications.
Nucleophosmin Phosphorylation as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Target for Ischemic AKI (2018)

<b>Background</b> Ischemic AKI lacks a urinary marker for early diagnosis and an effective therapy. Differential nucleophosmin (NPM) phosphorylation is a potential early marker of ischemic renal cell injury and a therapeutic target.<b>Methods</b> Differential NPM phosphorylation was assessed by mass spectrometry in NPM harvested from murine and human primary renal epithelial cells, fresh kidney tissue, and urine before and after ischemic injury. The biologic behavior and toxicity of NPM was assessed using phospho-NPM mutant proteins that either mimic stress-induced or normal NPM phosphorylation. Peptides designed to interfere with NPM function were used to explore NPM as a therapeutic target.<b>Results</b> Within hours of stress, virtually identical phosphorylation changes were detected at distinct serine/threonine sites in NPM harvested from primary renal cells, tissue, and urine. A phosphomimic NPM protein that replicated phosphorylation under stress localized to the cytosol, formed monomers that interacted with Bax, a cell death protein, coaccumulated with Bax in isolated mitochondria, and significantly increased cell death after stress; wild-type NPM or a phosphomimic NPM with a normal phosphorylation configuration did not. Three renal targeted peptides designed to interfere with NPM at distinct functional sites significantly protected against cell death, and a single dose of one peptide administered several hours after ischemia that would be lethal in untreated mice significantly reduced AKI severity and improved survival.<b>Conclusions</b> These findings establish phosphorylated NPM as a potential early marker of ischemic AKI that links early diagnosis with effective therapeutic interventions.
Tandem-turbo-product Nonbinary BICM for Next-generation High-speed Optical Transmission Systems (2016)

We proposed a nonbinary byte-interleaved coded-modulation scheme with inner and outer turbo-like iterative decoder. The net coding gain is 0.6dB higher than the state-of-the-art binary SPC-LDPC-based turbo-product counterpart, with adjustable iterations and lower error-floor.
Fast Multiple Access Selection through variable power transmissions (2009)

Many wireless applications demand a fast mechanism to detect the packet from a node with the highest priority (ldquobest noderdquo) only, while packets from nodes with lower priority are irrelevant. In this paper, we introduce an extremely fast contention-based multiple access algorithm that selects the best node and requires only local information of the priorities of the nodes. The algorithm, which we call variable power multiple access selection (VP-MAS), uses the local channel state information from the accessing nodes to the receiver, and maps the priorities onto the receive power. It is based on a key result that shows that mapping onto a set of discrete receive power levels is optimal, when the power levels are chosen to exploit packet capture that inherently occurs in a wireless physical layer. The VP-MAS algorithm adjusts the expected number of users that contend in each step and their respective transmission powers, depending on whether previous transmission attempts resulted in capture, idle channel, or collision. We also show how reliable information regarding the total received power at the receiver can be used to improve the algorithm by enhancing the feedback mechanism. The algorithm detects the packet from the best node in 1.5 to 2.1 slots, which is considerably lower than the 2.43 slot average achieved by the best algorithm known to date.
Numerical simulation of multi-stage fracturing and optimization of perforation in a horizontal well (2017)

Aiming at analyzing the issues of non-uniform growths of multiple hydraulic fractures caused by stress shadowing, a numerical model considering elasto-hydrodynamic, stress interference and flow distribution into different fractures was presented. Based on the model, the effects of perforation friction, perforation cluster spacing, Young modulus of rock and fracturing fluid viscosity on the growth of multiple fractures were investigated. The simulation results show that the growths of hydraulic fractures are relatively uniform with adequate perforation friction; the reduction of perforation cluster spacing, increase of Young modulus or fluid viscosity will cause the reduction of some fracture width and uneven flow distribution into these fractures, thus aggravating non-uniform growth of multiple fractures. Since appropriate perforation friction is conducive to the uniform growth of fractures, a convenient quantitative optimization method to calculate the needed perforation friction for uniform growth was proposed. By estimating inter-fracture induced stress during fracturing, the perforation friction coefficient needed to maintain uniform growth of fractures inside a stage is calculated, and reasonable engineering parameters of perforation can be selected based on this. The perforation parameters of a horizontal well were calculated with the proposed method, the simulation results and actual fracturing performance show that the optimized perforation parameters can effectively keep uniform growth of fractures.
Advantage of nonlinear axial gradients in optical design (1993)

Recent advances in axial gradient material fabrication via the diffusion of glass plates has opened the door to a wide variety of optical design applications incorporating entire lenses of gradient index material. A proprietary software-driven process developed at LightPath Technologies Inc. creates gradient index glass by fusing together a stack of discrete glass plates, where each constituent plate has a distinctive composition and desired optical properties. LightPath's ability to prescribe large optical index changes (up to 0.47) throughout a glass substrate of virtually any diameter and thickness (macro gradient), invokes an interesting question: what are the properties of a solid gradient index lens and how can these properties be used most efficiently and effectively? This paper reports on a parametric study of third order spherical aberration vs. shape factor, for a macro gradient F/3 singlet lens whose index varies by +/- 0.4 in linear, quadratic and cubic profiles.
Vehicle identification between non-overlapping cameras without direct feature matching (2005)

We propose a novel method for identifying road vehicles between two nonoverlapping cameras. The problem is formulated as a same-different classification problem: probability of two vehicle images from two distinct cameras being from the same vehicle or from different vehicles. The key idea is to compute the probability without matching the two vehicle images directly, which is a process vulnerable to drastic appearance and aspect changes. We represent each vehicle image as an embedding amongst representative exemplars of vehicles within the same camera. The embedding is computed as a vector each of whose components is a nonmetric distance for a vehicle to an exemplar. The nonmetric distances are computed using robust matching of oriented edge images. A set of truthed training examples of same-different vehicle pairings across the two cameras is used to learn a classifier that encodes the probability distributions. A pair of the embeddings representing two vehicles across two cameras is then used to compute the same-different probability. In order for the vehicle exemplars to be representative for both cameras, we also propose a method for jointly selection of corresponding exemplars using the training data. Experiments on observations of over 400 vehicles under drastically illumination and camera conditions demonstrate promising results.
Precomputing high quality routes for bandwidth guaranteed traffic (2005)

We investigate the problem of precomputing bandwidth guaranteed paths as a cheaper replacement for on-demand routing. The focus in the prior precomputation literature has been on minimizing storage and computational overhead of the precomputation process. This paper instead explores the "quality" of precomputed paths and attempts to answer the following question: given a traffic ingress-egress node pair and storage for k routes, what paths should be materialized for good routing performance? We argue that the min-hop formulation typically assumed in prior precomputation work is a poor offline strategy. We instead propose an efficient maxflow based algorithm called MobiFlow. We show via simulations that it outperforms min-hop algorithms such as K-shortest path on several metrics including number of requests rejected and the fraction of the bandwidth routed. Furthermore, the algorithm has a low computational complexity and degrades gracefully on network failures, making it very attractive to implement in practice.
Approximate Best Linear Unbiased Channel Estimation for Frequency Selective Channels with Long Delay Spreads: Robustness to Timing and Carrier Offsets (2005)

We provide an iterative and a non-iterative channel impulse response (CIR) estimation algorithm for communication systems which utilize a periodically transmitted training sequence within a continuous stream of information symbols. The iterative procedure calculates the (semi-blind) best linear unbiased estimate (BLUE) of the CIR. The non-iterative version is an approximation to the BLUE CIR estimate, denoted by a-BLUE, achieving almost similar performance, with much lower complexity. Indeed we show that, with reasonable assumptions, a-BLUE channel estimate can be obtained by using a stored copy of a pre-computed matrix in the receiver which enables the use of the initial CIR estimate by the subsequent equalizer tap weight calculator. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the performance of the novel algorithms for the 8-VSB ATSC digital TV system. We also provide a simulation study of the robustness of the a-BLUE algorithm to timing and carrier phase offsets.