gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sodium-Based Dry Regenerable Sorbent for Carbon Dioxide Capture from Power Plant Flue Gas (2008)

Dry regenerable sorbent technology is one of the emerging technologies as a cost-effective and energy-efficient technology for CO2 capture from flue gas. Six sodium-based dry regenerable sorbents were prepared by spray-drying techniques. Their physical properties and reactivities were tested to evaluate their applicability to a fluidized-bed or fast transport-bed CO2 capture process. Each sorbents contained 20−50 wt% of Na2CO3 or NaHCO3. All sorbents except for Sorb NX30 were insufficient with either attrition resistance or reactivity, or both properties. Sorb NX30 sorbent satisfied most of the physical requirements for a commercial fluidized-bed reactor process along with good chemical reactivity. Sorb NX30 sorbent had a spherical shape, an average size of 89 μm, a size distribution of 38−250 μm, and a bulk density of approximately 0.87 g/mL. The attrition index (AI) of Sorb NX30 reached below 5% compared to about 20% for commercial fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts. CO2 sorption capacity of Sorb NX30 was approximately 10 wt % (>80% sorbent utilization) in the simulated flue gas condition compared with 6 of 30 wt % MEA solution (33% sorbent utilization). All sorbents showed almost-complete regeneration at temperatures less than 120 °C.
High-speed and scalable high-power VCSEL arrays and their applications (2015)

A unique architecture for two-dimensional arrays of VCSELs that allow for simultaneous high-power output and highbandwidth modulation has been developed for a variety of applications. The arrays use integrated micro-lenses for beam shaping and control, and to enable incoherent beam combining to make compact, high-brightness sources with low coherence noise. The fabrication and performance of the laser arrays are reviewed and sample applications are discussed.
Critical-mode-based soft-switching modulation for three-phase inverters (2017)

In this paper, a new critical-conduction-mode (CRM)-based modulation is proposed for three-phase inverters. With this modulation, soft switching is achieved and the efficiency of the inverter is improved, especially for high frequency operation with SiC MOSFET. In three-phase string PV inverter applications, by operating at switching frequency above 300 kHz, power density of the inverter is estimated to be at least three times higher than commercial products, while peak efficiency is estimated to be about 99%. Good performance of this proposed modulation is verified with simulation analysis. The results are also experimentally verified on a 25 kW SiC-based three-phase inverter prototype with 80W/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> power density, and 98.9% peak efficiency is achieved with non-interleaved operation.
An electrically robust method for placing power gating switches in voltage islands (2004)

Leakage power is quickly becoming a major design concern in modern VLSI chips. One design technique that allows the efficient control and reduction of leakage power involves using voltage islands which can be selectively turned on or off. Power gating switches are huge transistors which connect the voltage island and chip power grids. The power gating switches are turned off to disconnect the power supply from the voltage island when in "idle" or "sleep" state; thus reducing leakage power dissipation. In this paper, we present an efficient and automated algorithm for placing power gating switches in voltage islands so as to meet the electrical requirements of the design while guaranteeing the design specifications of the switches and minimizing their area overhead. Experimental results illustrate the efficiency of the proposed approach in determining an electrically robust placement of power gating switches.
20-HETE Mediates Proliferation of Renal Epithelial Cells in Polycystic Kidney Disease (2008)

Polycystic kidney diseases are characterized by abnormal proliferation of renal epithelial cells. In this study, the role of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), an endogenous cytochrome P450 metabolite of arachidonic acid with mitogenic properties, was evaluated in cystic renal disease. Daily administration of HET-0016, an inhibitor of 20-HETE synthesis, significantly reduced kidney size by half in the BPK mouse model of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease. In addition, compared with untreated BPK mice, this treatment significantly reduced collecting tubule cystic indices and approximately doubled survival. For evaluation of the role of 20-HETE as a mediator of epithelial cell proliferation, principal cells isolated from cystic BPK and noncystic Balb/c mice were genetically modified using lentiviral vectors. Noncystic Balb/c cells overproducing Cyp4a12 exhibited a four- to five-fold increase in cell proliferation compared with control Balb/c cells, and this increase was completely abolished when 20-HETE synthesis was inhibited; therefore, this study suggests that 20-HETE mediates proliferation of epithelial cells in the formation of renal cysts.
Phase I and Phase IB Clinical Trials for the Noninvasive Evaluation of Intestinal Lactase With 4-Galactosylxylose (Gaxilose) (2013)

The methodology described provides a simple, safe test for the evaluation of lactase activity in vivo. Further evaluation of the test as a noninvasive diagnosis of hypolactasia is ongoing in patients with lactose intolerance.
Open reading frame P--a herpes simplex virus gene repressed during productive infection encodes a protein that binds a splicing factor and reduces synthesis of viral proteins made from spliced mRNA. (1996)

The open reading frame P (ORF P) is located in the domain and on the DNA strand of the herpes simplex virus 1 transcribed during latent infection. ORF P is not expressed in productively infected cells as a consequence of repression by the binding of the major viral regulatory protein to its high-affinity binding site. In cells infected with a mutant virus carrying a derepressed gene, ORF P protein is extensively posttranslationally processed. We report that ORF P interacts with a component of the splicing factor SF2/ASF, pulls down a component of the SM antigens, and colocalizes with splicing factors in nuclei of infected cells. The hypothesis that ORF P protein may act to regulate viral gene expression, particularly in situations such as latently infected sensory neurons in which the major regulatory protein is not expressed, is supported by the evidence that in cells infected with a mutant in which the ORF P gene was derepressed, the products of the regulatory genes alpha 0 and alpha 22 are reduced in amounts early in infection but recover late in infection. The proteins encoded by these genes are made from spliced mRNAs, and the extent of recovery of these proteins late in infection correlates with the extent of accumulation of post-translationally processed forms of ORF P protein.
Compression aware physical database design (2011)

Modern RDBMSs support the ability to compress data using methods such as null suppression and dictionary encoding. Data compression offers the promise of significantly reducing storage requirements and improving I/O performance for decision support queries. However, compression can also slow down update and query performance due to the CPU costs of compression and decompression. In this paper, we study how data compression affects choice of appropriate physical database design, such as indexes, for a given workload. We observe that approaches that decouple the decision of whether or not to choose an index from whether or not to compress the index can result in poor solutions. Thus, we focus on the novel problem of integrating compression into physical database design in a scalable manner. We have implemented our techniques by modifying Microsoft SQL Server and the Database Engine Tuning Advisor (DTA) physical design tool. Our techniques are general and are potentially applicable to DBMSs that support other compression methods. Our experimental results on real world as well as TPC-H benchmark workloads demonstrate the effectiveness of our techniques.
Oral Administration of <i>Lactobacillus</i> Strains Isolated from Breast Milk as an Alternative for the Treatment of Infectious Mastitis during Lactation (2008)

In this study, 20 women with staphylococcal mastitis were randomly divided in two groups. Those in the probiotic group daily ingested 10 log(10) CFU of Lactobacillus salivarius CECT5713 and the same quantity of Lactobacillus gasseri CECT5714 for 4 weeks, while those in the control one only ingested the excipient. Both lactobacillus strains were originally isolated from breast milk. On day 0, the mean staphylococcal counts in the probiotic and control groups were similar (4.74 and 4.81 log(10) CFU/ml, respectively), but lactobacilli could not be detected. On day 30, the mean staphylococcal count in the probiotic group (2.96 log(10) CFU/ml) was lower than that of the control group (4.79 log(10) CFU/ml). L. salivarius CECT5713 and L. gasseri CECT5714 were isolated from the milk samples of 6 of the 10 women of the probiotic group. At day 14, no clinical signs of mastitis were observed in the women assigned to the probiotic group, but mastitis persisted throughout the study period in the control group women. In conclusion, L. salivarius CECT5713 and L. gasseri CECT5714 appear to be an efficient alternative for the treatment of lactational infectious mastitis during lactation.
Modeling cyber effects in cyber-physical systems with DEVS (2017)

Increased interconnectivity of Cyber-Physical Systems, by design or otherwise, increases the cyber attack surface and attack vectors. It is not always desirable to do cyber risk assessment of such interconnected systems by cyber attacks on the entire system. This paper presents a formal approach for simulating cyber effects for cyber risk assessment of subcomponents of such systems using a control component based on Discrete EVent System (DEVS) models. Our approach first separates components of a system that may be directly attacked, from components of the system whose behavior need to be studied for the impact originating from those attacks. The cyber attack effects are simulated through interception of communications among the separated components. We define the types of cyber effects, and show an example of how an attack may be simulated with a control component through a case study.
Design of low dielectric glass+ceramics for multilayer ceramic substrate (1994)

Compositional design and properties of a low dielectric constant glass+ceramics, containing borosilicate glass, high silica glass and alumina, for multilayer ceramic substrates are described. The new low dielectric system can be densified at below 1000/spl deg/C in air, allowing high electrical conductivity metallization including Au and Ag-Pd. Compositions with tailor-made properties are designed according to a working model based upon mixing rule, and validated with experimental results. Compositions with a thermal expansion coefficient compatible with Si and GaAs, and a dielectric constant in the range of 4-4.5 and 5-6, respectively, are developed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Diverse Firewall Design (2008)

Firewalls are the mainstay of enterprise security and the most widely adopted technology for protecting private networks. An error in a firewall policy either creates security holes that will allow malicious traffic to sneak into a private network or blocks legitimate traffic and disrupts normal business processes, which in turn could lead to irreparable, if not tragic, consequences. It has been observed that most firewall policies on the Internet are poorly designed and have many errors. Therefore, how to design firewall policies correctly is an important issue. In this paper, we propose the method of diverse firewall design, which consists of three phases: a design phase, a comparison phase, and a resolution phase. In the design phase, the same requirement specification of a firewall policy is given to multiple teams who proceed independently to design different versions of the firewall policy. In the comparison phase, the resulting multiple versions are compared with each other to detect all functional discrepancies between them. In the resolution phase, all discrepancies are resolved and a firewall that is agreed upon by all teams is generated.
Inhibition of DNA Topoisomerase II by Azaelliptitoxins Functionalized in the Variable Substituent Domain (1996)

A series of novel C11-substituted derivatives of azaelliptitoxin (azatoxin) have been synthesized and tested for their inhibitory activity against human DNA topoisomerase II. Incorporation of a C11 polyamine or amine resulted in an increase in the intercalation properties of the drug and a decrease of topoisomerase II activity. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) profile of the nonintercalating C11 anilino azatoxin class follows the SAR of the (anilino)acridine family. 11-(4-Cyanoanilino)azatoxin (14) was found to be the most active analog in this series, exhibiting approximately 10-fold higher activity than azatoxin 12 and etoposide.
Calcium Sulfoaluminate-Based Expansive Admixtures A Review (2003)

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Comparing efficiency and costs of cloud computing models (2012)

Public and private clouds are being adopted as a cost-effective approach for sharing IT resources. Customers acquire and release resources by requesting and returning virtual machines to the cloud. Different service models are proposed for virtual machine resource management. Some public cloud providers follow a t-shirt model for VM resource sizing. A second approach for resource management is based on a time share model. This paper compares the two approaches from the perspective of resource usage for both the service provider and workload owner. Using data from 312 customer applications, we show that the t-shirt model requires 40% more infrastructure than when a finer degree of resource sharing based on time varying resource shares is permitted.
Energy threshold constraints in transmit waveform design (2006)

Waveform diversity refers to the use of various waveforms in both transmitter and receiver design to improve overall system performance. The target/channel, noise, and clutter characteristics will play a major role in future transmitter and receiver designs, in order to enhance the corresponding desired final output (target), while providing for a good disturbance (clutter + noise) suppression. In this context, the receiver output Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) may be taken as an optimization goal. In this paper, it is shown that this optimization procedure leads to an energy threshold on transmit waveforms, which means that for a given bandwidth, the energy of the optimum transmit waveform must exceed a certain minimum threshold value. Thus, to achieve the optimum transmit waveform for a given target, clutter and noise spectra, it becomes necessary to transmit a minimum energy below which it will not be possible to realize the maximum SINR using any waveform.
Lightweight Piezoelectric Bending Beam-Based Energy Harvester for Capturing Energy From Human Knee Motion (2021)

Harvesting energy from the human body has attracted substantial attention from industries and academics as it is a promising solution to address the battery life issue. In this article, we developed a bimorph piezoelectric bending beam-based energy harvester to scavenge energy from the human knee motion for powering body-worn electronics such as smartwatches and health monitors. During walking, the human knee will flex and extend to periodically deform piezoelectric macro fiber composites (MFC) bounded to the bending beam, thus generating electricity. The mathematical models of the whole system including the model of the large deflection of the bending beam, movement analysis of the end of the bending beam (slider-crank mechanism), the model of piezoelectric transducers, and measurement of the human knee angle are developed to comprehensively study the harvester. To validate the presented mathematical models, experimental testing on a human body when the subject walks on a treadmill at three different walking speeds is conducted here. The experimental results show good agreement with the simulation results, which indicates that the developed models can characterize the harvester. In addition, the performance of the harvester walking in different contexts is also evaluated. The average power can reach 12.79 mW for level-ground walking, 9.91 mW for stair descending, and 7.70 mW for stair ascending, when walking at a self-selected speed.
Steep-slope tunnel field-effect transistors using III&#x2013;V nanowire/Si heterojunction (2012)

In this paper, we propose tunneling field-effect transistors (TFETs) using III-V nanowire (NW)/Si heterojunctions and experimentally demonstrate steep-slope switching behaviors using InAs NW/Si heterojunction TFET with surrounding-gate architecture and high-k dielectrics. Control of resistances in this device structure is important for achieving steep-slope switching. A minimum subthreshold slope (SS) of the TFET is 21 mV/dec at VDS of 0.10 - 1.00 V.
Effects of Incorporation of Fluorocarbon and Hydrocarbon Surfactants into Perfluorosulfonic Acid (Nafion) Membranes (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffects of Incorporation of Fluorocarbon and Hydrocarbon Surfactants into Perfluorosulfonic Acid (Nafion) MembranesRoberto Rabago, Richard D. Noble, and Carl A. KovalCite this: Chem. Mater. 1994, 6, 7, 947–951Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00043a014https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00043a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views162Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tricationic Metal Complexes ([ML][NO<sub>3</sub>]<sub>3</sub>, M = Ga, In) of <i>N,N</i>‘<i>,N</i>‘‘-Tris(2-pyridylmethyl)- <i>cis</i>-1,3,5-triaminocyclohexane:  Preparation and Structure (1997)

The novel hexadentate chelator tachpy, composed of the cis-1,3,5-triaminocyclohexane framework with N-pendant 2-pyridylmethyl arms, forms Ga3+ and In3+ complexes. The solid-state structures of the M(tachpy)3+ units show distortion of the coordination sphere toward trigonal prismatic from octahedral as the metal radius increases. There is also a slight expansion of the triaminocyclohexane nitrogens as the metal radius increases, with concomitant flattening of the cyclohexyl ring. Proton NMR over greater than 4 weeks indicates that Ga(tachpy)3+ is inert to aqueous hydrolysis over the pH range 2−8, while In(tachpy)3+ hydrolyzes immediately under these conditions.
Molecular methods for the identification of<i>Aspergillus</i>species (2005)

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts. In some institutions, species of Aspergillus less susceptible to amphotericin B than Aspergillus fumigatus are becoming more common, making an accurate identification of species important. However, species identification has traditionally relied on macroscopic colony characteristics and microscopic morphology, which may require several days of culture. Additional sub-culturing on specialized media may be required to induce conidia formation; in some cases conidia may never form, confounding identification. Therefore, rapid, nucleic acid-based methods that identify species of Aspergillus independent of morphology are now being developed to augment or replace phenotypic identification methods. The most successful methods to date have employed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of target sequences within the ribosomal RNA gene complex, including the 28S ribosomal subunit (D1-D2 region) and the internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 (ITS1 and ITS2 regions). We therefore developed a PCR-based assay to differentiate medically important species of Aspergillus from one another, and from other opportunistic moulds and yeasts, by employing universal, pan-fungal primers directed to conserved ribosomal genes and species-specific DNA probes directed to the highly variable ITS2 region. Amplicons were then detected in a simple, colorimetric enzyme immunoassay format (PCR-EIA). DNA sequencing of the ITS1 and ITS2 regions and of the D1-D2 region was also conducted for the differentiation of species by comparative GenBank sequence analysis. The PCR-EIA method was found to be rapid, sensitive, and specific for the identification and differentiation of the most medically important species of Aspergillus. In addition, methods to identify species of Aspergillus by comparative GenBank sequence analysis were found to be more reliable using the ITS1 and ITS2 regions than the D1-D2 region.
Fast single-image super-resolution with filter selection (2013)

This paper presents a new method for estimating a super-resolved version of an observed image by exploiting cross-scale self-similarity. We extend prior work on single-image super-resolution by introducing an adaptive selection of the best fitting upscaling and analysis filters for example learning. This selection is based on local error measurements obtained by using each filter with every image patch, and contrasts with the common approach of a constant metric in both dictionary-based and internal learning super-resolution. The proposed method is suitable for interactive applications, offering low computational load and a parallelizable design that allows straight-forward GPU implementations. Experimental results also show how our method generalizes better to different datasets than dictionary-based super-resolution and comparably to internal learning with adaptive post-processing.
Optical implementation of neural networks for face recognition by the use of nonlinear joint transform correlators (1995)

We describe a nonlinear joint transform correlator-based two-layer neural network that uses a supervised learning algorithm for real-time face recognition. The system is trained with a sequence of facial images and is able to classify an input face image in real time. Computer simulations and optical experimental results are presented. The processor can be manufactured into a compact low-cost optoelectronic system. The use of the nonlinear joint transform correlator provides good noise robustness and good image discrimination.