gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation of Bi[sub 2]Te[sub 3] Films by Electrodeposition from Solution Containing Bi-Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid Complex and TeO[sub 2] (2003)

The electrodeposition of Bi-Te alloy films from nitric acid solutions containing and Bi-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Bi-EDTA) complex was investigated. The product, composition, and surface morphology of Bi-Te alloy films were examined using an X-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. In the solution containing and Bi-EDTA complex, bismuth deposits underpotentially in the potential range between −0.05 and −0.25 V, so that films are formed. In the potential region between −0.30 and −0.50 V, a limiting current is observed, the value of which is equal to the sum of the limiting currents observed for solutions containing or the Bi-EDTA complex. The composition of films deposited in this potential range can be controlled by the composition of the solution. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Enhancement of security mechanism for confidential data using AES-128, 192 and 256bit encryption in cloud (2015)

T Cloud computing is facing several issues regarding security. To provide security major companies are using Advance Encryption Standard (AES) encryption technology. AES is using mainly 3 types of encryption keys: 128bit key encryption, 192bit key encryption and 256bit key encryption which are using 10, 12 and 14 iterations respectively. All these are using the plain text block of size 128bit. In proposed architecture, the cloud user will be facilitated with all the 3 encryption techniques 128, 192 and 256bits to choose and based on the size of the data the encryption process can be done. By that they can make easy to store their data by using this three encryption techniques.
In Vivo Generation and Characterization of a Soluble Form of the Semliki Forest Virus Fusion Protein (2001)

During infection of host cells, a number of enveloped animal viruses are known to produce soluble forms of viral membrane glycoproteins lacking the transmembrane domain. The roles of such soluble glycoproteins in viral life cycles are incompletely understood, but in several cases they are believed to modulate host immune response and viral pathogenesis. Semliki Forest virus (SFV) is an enveloped alphavirus that infects cells through low-pH-dependent fusion and buds from the plasma membrane. Fusion is mediated by the E1 subunit of the SFV spike protein. Previous studies described the in vivo generation of E1s, a truncated soluble form of E1, under conditions in which budding is inhibited in mammalian host cells. We have here examined the properties of E1s generation and the biological activity of E1s. E1s cleavage required spike protein transport out of the endoplasmic reticulum and was independent of virus infection. Cell surface E1 efficiently acted as a precursor for E1s. E1s generation was strongly pH dependent in BHK cells, with optimal cleavage at a pH of < or =7.0, conditions that inhibited the budding of SFV but not the budding of the rhabdovirus vesicular stomatitis virus. The pH dependence of E1s production and SFV budding was unaffected by the stability of the spike protein dimer but was a function of the host cell. Similar to the intact virus and in vitro-generated E1 ectodomain, treatment of E1s at low pH in the presence of target membranes triggered specific acid-dependent conformational changes. Thus, under a variety of conditions, SFV-infected cells can produce a soluble form of E1 that is biologically active.
Electronic Structure of Pure and N-Doped TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocrystals by Electrochemical Experiments and First Principles Calculations (2011)

Optical and electrochemical characterizations are carried out in conjunction with first-principles calculations on pure and N-doped titania nanocrystals. These are prepared in laboratory with initial doping concentrations of triethylamine in the range of 0.1−0.5 N/Ti molar ratio. Diffuse reflectance UV−vis spectra of N-doped samples present a significant absorption in the visible region. The flatband potential (Efb) of pure and nitrogen-doped TiO2 (−0.6 ± 0.2 V vs NHE) is determined by impedance spectroscopy (Mott−Schottky plots) and the quasi-Fermi level, nEF* (−0.67̅V vs NHE) by photovoltage measurements as a function of the suspension pH in the presence of an electrochemical probe (methylviologen, MV2+). Theoretical density of electronic states calculations, where several N doping versus vacancy combinations are taken into consideration, together with the optical and electrochemical experiments allow us to draw a detailed picture of the electronic features of the doped samples.
일반논문 : 국제 영화제와 현대 중국 영화의 어떤 경향 (2011)

특정한 영화적 사조로서의 뉴웨이브(new wave)는 특정한 시기에 사회적, 혹은 영화적 성찰 속에서 나타난 일군의 영화와 감독들을 일컫는다. 이 글은 이러한 뉴웨이브의 형성을 국제적인 관계 - 혹은 초국적인 제도적 공간과 담론 - 이라는 외연적 차원으로 확장시켜서 고려할 때, 그 외연적 차원을 통과해 나타난 현대 중국 영화의 어떤 경향을 추적해보고자 한다. 중국의 제5세대라는 이름 - 뉴웨이브로서의 레이블 - 의 형성과 정착 과정은 이러한 외연적 차원에서 뉴웨이브의 등장과 성장, 혹은 그 변화를 추적하는 것이 유의미함을 보여준다. 1990년대 중반부터 국제 영화 씬에서는 제5세대 다음의 새로운 세대의 중국 감독들의 출현을 갈망했고, 이에 대한 대답으로, 장 유안, 지아장커, 로우 예, 왕 샤오솨이, 허 지엔 준, 장 밍 등의 감독들이 제6세대라는 레이블 하에 ``발견``된다. 그러나 이들 감독들의 그 이후의 변화와 선회를 돌아볼 때, 과연 중국의 제6세대를 중국의 제5세대와의 단절속에서 나타난 뉴 뉴웨이브로 보는 것이 타당했는가, 그리고 이들과 동시대적 혹은 2000년대 초반 이후 나타나기 시작한 새로운 중국 영화의 경향들과의 연관과 단절성 속에서 제6세대라는 레이블이 얼마나 유의미한가 하는 질문을 던지게 한다. 지난 십여 년간의 중국 독립 영화의 성장은 제6세대란 좁은 틀을 깨고 뉴 웨이브라는 개념 자체를 넘어서는 현대 중국 영화의 폭발적 성장과 확장이라는 새로운 영화적 시기를 보여주고 있다고 생각된다. 이 새로운 경향을 6세대라는 레이블을 해체한다는 의미에서, 그리고 디지털 영화 제작과 밀접한 연관을 갖는다는 의미에서, D-6세대라 부르는 편이 적절할 듯하다.
Profile of cytokines in aqueous humor from corneal graft recipients. (2001)

High TGFbeta2 concentrations in the eyes without intraocular inflammation suggest its immunosuppressive role in human eyes. High concentration of TGFbeta2 (>1,500 pg/mL) was associated with graft acceptance. Also, absence of proinflamatory TNFbeta increased the graft acceptance, but independently from TGFbeta2.
A Tool for the Detection of Hidden Data in Microsoft Compound Document File Format (2008)

For digital forensic investigators, files that use Microsoft compound document file format (MCDFF) present a problem: It is easy to hide information in MCDFF but hard to detect hidden data in them. Using an application downloaded from the Internet and Win32 API (Application programming interface), it is possible for a criminal to hide information in MCDFF which might be important to an investigation. Prior to our research, no tool existed to detect data hidden in MCDFF, making analysis of MCDFF for investigations a difficult process. This paper presents an analysis of MCDFF features exploited in order to hide data and a tool ("DOCdetector") to detect hidden data using these exploits. Studying methods used to hide data in unused space and inserted streams led us to develop DOCdetector tool to aid in the detection and examination of hidden data.
Safety assessment of automated vehicle functions by simulation-based fault injection (2017)

As automated driving vehicles become more sophisticated and pervasive, it is increasingly important to assure its safety even in the presence of faults. This paper presents a simulation-based fault injection approach (Sabotage) aimed at assessing the safety of automated vehicle functions. In particular, we focus on a case study to forecast fault effects during the model-based design of a lateral control function. The goal is to determine the acceptable fault detection interval for permanent faults based on the maximum lateral error and steering saturation. In this work, we performed fault injection simulations to derive the most appropriate safety goals, safety requirements, and fault handling strategies at an early concept phase of an ISO 26262-compliant safety assessment process.
Delayed stimulation of bone resorption in vitro by phosphodiesterase inhibitors requires the presence of adenylate cyclase stimulation. (1988)

The effect on cyclic AMP levels and bone resorption by two methylxanthine cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors, isobutyl-methylxanthine (IBMX) and theophylline, and two non-xanthine PDE inhibitors, Ro 20-1724 and rolipram, was studied in cultured mouse calvarial bones. Cyclic AMP accumulation in calvarial bones increased when Ro 20-1724 (0.1 mmol/l) or rolipram (30 mumol/l) was present in culture medium in 2 h incubations, and when IBMX (0.3 mmol/l) or theophylline (3 mmol/l) was present in 4 h incubations. The cyclic AMP response to PDE-inhibitors could be completely abolished by the cyclooxygenase-inhibitor indomethacin (1 mumol/l). In 120 h cultures, IBMX, theophylline, Ro 20-1724 and rolipram stimulated the release of 45Ca from calvarial bones prelabelled in vivo with 45Ca. This stimulatory effect could not be seen when the endogenous production of prostaglandins was reduced by adding indomethacin (1 mumol/l), hydrocortisone (1 mumol/l) or meclofenamic acid (1 mumol/l) to culture medium. These concentrations of indomethacin, hydrocortisone and meclofenamic acid did not reduce PTH- (10 nmol/l) or choleratoxin-stimulated (0.1 micrograms/ml) 45Ca release from mouse calvarial bones cultured for 120 h. The stimulation of 45Ca release in long-term cultures by the PDE inhibitors could be demonstrated in the presence of indomethacin, provided adenylate cyclase was stimulated by forskolin (1-10 nmol/l). The stimulatory effect of 1 alpha (OH)D3 on 45Ca release could not be potentiated by the PDE-inhibitor rolipram. These results suggest that basal adenylate cyclase activity in cultured murine calvaria is very low and that therefore PDE inhibitors are inactive unless a stimulator of adenylate cyclase is present. The adenylate cyclase stimulator may be an endogenous autacoid such as a prostaglandin.
Cryptanalysis of Chang et al.'s Signature Scheme with Message Recovery. (2004)

Recently, Chang et al. [1] proposed a new digital signature scheme with message recovery and claimed that neither one-way hash functions nor message redundancy schemes were employed in their scheme. However, in this letter, two forgery attacks are proposed to show that Chang et al.’s signature scheme is not secure. To resist these attacks, the message redundancy schemes may be still used.
Interleukin-15 in Gene Therapy of Cancer (2013)

Interleukin-15 (IL-15) exerts powerful stimulatory effects on lymphocyte subsets that result in antiviral and antitumoral activities. The functions of this cytokine are mainly mediated in a cell-to-cell contact fashion termed IL-15 trans-presentation. This function is mediated by a cell which tethers IL-15 to its plasmatic membrane complexed to IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Rα). Such surface complexes interact with interleukin-2 receptor beta and gamma on the adjacent cell to elicit signaling. Unlike interleukin-2, IL-15 protects from activation-induced cell death and does not promote regulatory cells. These features underlie its activity against transplanted tumors and its adjuvanticity in tumor and viral vaccines. The GMP-manufactured recombinant protein is undergoing clinical trials but its rapid renal clearance calls for biotechnological strategies to increase molecular weight and ensure IL-15Rα. trans-presentation. Since early efforts with stable transfected tumor cells, IL-15 has been tested in a variety gene therapy approaches. Those mainly include transfer of expression cassettes to tumor cells, T cells, dendritic cells, vaccination sites and the liver as a biofactory organ. Detailed mechanistic knowledge of IL-15 biology is envisaged to make the most of a powerful immunotherapeutic tool ranked as one of the most promising for cancer immunotherapy.
Physical aware low power clock gates synthesis algorithm for high speed VLSI design (2009)

In this paper, a new clock tree distribution design flow and algorithm of clock gates splitting to improve the clock tree power dissipation had been presented. The clock gating components are inserted in clock tree during VLSI design flow to reduce clock tree dynamic power consumption. The effective splitting and physical placement of the clock gates are vital to ensure the clock gating efficiency. The paper presents an approach that is able to achieve optimum power saving on clock tree during full operation mode and shut off mode.
High-speed CORDIC architecture based on redundant sum formation and overlapped σ-selection (2003)

This paper presents an architecture for accelerating CORDIC vectoring mode operations. The processing is sped up by overlapping redundant sum formation and selection of rotation direction. We analyze the latency time and area, and compare them with a conventional CORDIC implementation. The results show that the proposed scheme reduces not only the the latency but also the overall computation time. Thus, it achieves higher throughput in pipelining.
Superimposed Force/Torque-Control of Cooperating Robots (2010)

Cooperating robots are used in industrial environments for handling large and/or heavy workpieces. The robots get calibrated to each other, so every involved robot knows the exact position of the other robots. The robots are controlled by pure position control. Inevitable position errors come up and lead to massive forces and torques, which stress the workpiece internally. We show a method how those forces and torques can be minimized by using active force/torque-control. Hereby we enable effective load sharing in any orientation because a free-wheeling bearing is not necessary any more. The position controlled trajectory is still calculated by the standard robot controller, the force control is superimposed to that trajectory. Hence the path velocity in cooperating mode with force control can be set to the same level as without force control. Initially the studies were of simulative nature. After that the controller was parameterized and verified with two real industrial robots. We developed a framework, which is vendor-independent and can be used for any system of industrial cooperating robots.
[Clinical application of a new fibrin adhesive (Tisseel) in urologic surgery]. (1985)

Our experience with the use of a new biological tissue adhesive (Tisseel) consisting of highly concentrated human fibrinogen, thrombin and factor XIII in urologic surgery is reported. In 21 operations (18 patients), Tisseel was used for the purpose of tissue adhesion and reduction of sutures of the renal parenchymal wound in nephrolithotomy, water tight sealing in suture part of expanded pyelolithtomy and vasovasostomy, and local hemostasis of oozing in prostatectomized fossa. Tisseel was not responsible for the two unsuccessful trials; and, undesirable complications due to this adhesive were few. Our results revealed that this new fibrin adhesive will be useful for urologic surgery.
CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells Do Not Significantly Contribute to Direct Pathway Hyporesponsiveness in Stable Renal Transplant Patients (2003)

CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells have been shown to regulate a variety of autoimmune and allogeneic responses in mice and humans. The role of CD4(+)CD25(+) cells in regulating alloresponses in human transplant recipients remains uncertain. Previous research has demonstrated a reduced frequency of direct pathway donor-specific T cells in renal transplant recipients when compared with the frequency of T cells reactive to an HLA-matched third party. A number of mechanisms have been proposed to account for this finding; the purpose of this study was to determine whether CD4(+)CD25(+) cells play a significant role. Twelve stable renal transplant patients were investigated using limiting dilution assay (LDA) and ELISPOT for interferon-gamma to determine the effect of depleting CD4(+)CD25(+) cells on the direct pathway alloresponse. The percentage of CD4(+)CD25(+) cells in the peripheral blood of the study patients was equivalent to that of healthy controls. Furthermore, in no case did depletion of CD4(+)CD25(+) cells significantly increase the frequency of donor-specific T cells detected by LDA. This was also found with ELISPOT in all except one patient, in whom depletion revealed an increased frequency of alloreactive T cell to both donor and third party. Finally, kinetic analysis of the LDA data did not indicate regulation against donor when compared with third party. It is concluded that the action of CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory cells is not the main mechanism of donor-specific hyporesponsiveness in the direct pathway of allorecognition.
The Quartz Microbalance: A Novel Approach to the In‐Situ Investigation of Interfacial Phenomena at the Solid/Liquid Junction [New Analytical Methods (40)] (1990)

Abstract When Archimedes was asked by King Hiero of Syracuse to prove whether a handcrafted crown really consisted of pure gold and not of gold with a proportion silver, he immersed the crown and an equal weight of pure gold, both attached to a beam balance, into a vessel of water. We all know that according to Archimedes's principle the scale beam rose on the side the crown was attached proving that the goldsmith had intermingled some silver. In spite of the simplicity of this experiment, the result convincingly demonstrates the physical integrity of this classical approach which is based on a weighing procedure. The mass sensitive technique we shall report on in this article is based on the principle that a shift in the resonance frequency of an oscillating AT‐cut quartz disk can be correlated quantitatively with a change in mass in the nanogram range. One side of the quartz disk is in contact with a liquid, while the other side remains exposed to the atmosphere. The changes in weight involved in testing Hiero's crown were probably several hundred grams which corresponds to about 10 25 water molecules. By applying the quartz microbalance, e.g., to solvent migration through thin films, one can sense entrapment of water with a resolution down to 10 14 molecules per unit surface area. If adsorbate layers are in question, fractional coverages down to 0.02 monolayers can be monitored, which only goes to prove the capability of this instrument for investigating interfacial processes on a microscopic level. The option of recording charge flux and interfacial capacitance along with the mass change makes this instrument a powerful in‐situ tool for scientific and technological applications in many fields.
Unsupervised acoustic model adaptation algorithm using MLLR in a noisy environment (2005)

This paper proposes an unsupervised noisy environment adaptation algorithm based on the HMM acoustic model, using MLLR and a multispeaker database. An arbitrary single sentence uttered by the target speaker, together with living room noise, is used as the input, and the data with superposed noise for environment adaptation are generated from the speech database. By the above procedure, a large amount of adaptation data can be acquired without burdening the speaker. Specifically, the adaptation procedure is composed of the following three stages. (1) Speaker identification by GMM is used to select speakers with short acoustic distances from the input speaker from the database. (2) Utterances read out by the selected speakers are extracted from the database, and living room noise is superposed. (3) Using the constructed speech with superimposed noise as adaptation samples, adaptation by MLLR is performed. Then, by combining the method with unsupervised speaker adaptation based on sufficient statistics and the speaker distance, and HMM synthesis, a highly precise unsupervised integrated adaptation system is constructed. The system is evaluated through large-vocabulary continuous speech recognition, and it is shown that the adaptation model by the proposed method can realize the same or better recognition accuracy than the environment matched model, and realize performance close to supervised MLLR using several tens of samples. In a noisy environment with an SNR of 20 dB, the proposed adaptation system improved the recognition rate from 48.3% to 70.5% in the monophone model, and from 60.1% to 79.9% in the PTM model. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 89(3): 48–58, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.20227
[Purification and viral inactivation of hemoglobin from human placenta blood]. (2006)

This study was intended to establish a method for preparation of purified and viral-inactivated placenta hemoglobin. The optimum preparative condition resulted in the up-grading of purity,recovery and so on. A quality control was also established for the purification of hemoglobin. Compared to present purification methods, this method is easy to operate, needs low investment and running cost, and has the advantage of simultaneous operation for purification and viral-inactivation. The resulted hemoglobin had high purity and recovery, and the physicochemical property measured up to that in international reports. So this method is suitable for preparing purified and viral-inactivated hemoglobin on an adequate scale, and is useful for further development of blood substitutes.
The spatial‐temporal ambiguity in auroral modeling (1980)

Time‐dependent model studies of the aurora show that various ionospheric parameters respond to the onset of auroral ionization with different time histories. While satellite‐borne instruments sample the spatial morphology of these parameters, geostationary detectors are needed to follow the temporal morphology at a point in space. A pass of the Atmosphere Explorer C satellite over Poker Flat, Alaska, and ground‐based photometric and photographic observations have been used to resolve the time‐space ambiguity of a specific auroral event. The density of the O + , NO + , O 2 + , and N 2 + ions, the electron density, and the electron temperature observed at 280‐km altitude in a 50 km wide segment of an auroral arc are predicted by the model if particle precipitation into the region commenced about 11 min prior to the overpass. Continuous photometric measurements and all‐sky photographs taken at 1‐min intervals from Poker Flat show that the arc formed and became bright approximately 11 min before the satellite measurements were made.
Biological and clinical effects of ozone. Has ozone therapy a future in medicine? (1999)

Although ozone therapy has been used as an alternative medical approach for four decades, it has encountered scepticism, if not outright objection, by orthodox medicine. This prejudice is not unjustified because ozone therapy often has been used without rational basis or appropriate controls. With the advent of precise medical ozone generators, it is now possible to evaluate some mechanisms of action and possible toxicity. In contrast with the respiratory tract, human blood exposed to appropriate ozone concentrations is able to tame its strong oxidant properties and neither acute nor chronic side effects have ensued in millions of patients treated with ozonated autohaemotherapy. This paper summarises studies aimed at clarifying biological effects, defining any possible damage, the therapeutic window, and suitable doses able to express therapeutic activity. Although an unfashionable and unpopular approach, it is hoped that orthodox medicine will help to critically assess the validity of ozone therapy.
Enhancement of the inertial navigation system for the Morpheus autonomous underwater vehicles (2001)

This paper presents the design and development of an enhanced inertial navigation system that is to be integrated into the Morpheus autonomous underwater vehicle at Florida Atlantic University. The inertial measurement unit is based on the off-the-shelf Honeywell HG1700-AG25 3-axis ring-laser gyros and three-axis accelerometers and is aided with ground speed measurements obtained using an RDI Doppler-velocity-log sonar. An extended Kalman filter has been developed, which fuses together asynchronously the inertial and Doppler data, as well as the differential Global Positioning System positional fixes whenever they are available. A complementary filter was implemented to provide a much smoother and stable attitude estimate. Thus far, preliminary study has been made on characterizing the inertial navigation system-based navigation system performance, and the corresponding results and analyzes are provided.