gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On Quantification of Anchor Placement (2012)

This paper attempts to answer a question: for a given traversal area, how to quantify the geometric impact of anchor placement on localization performance. We present a theoretical framework for quantifying the anchor placement impact. An experimental study, as well as the field test using a UWB ranging technology, is presented. These experimental results validate the theoretical analysis. As a byproduct, we propose a two-phase localization method (TPLM) and show that TPLM outperforms the least-square method in localization accuracy by a huge margin. TPLM performs much faster than the gradient descent method and slightly better than the gradient descent method in localization accuracy. Our field test suggests that TPLM is more robust against noise than the least-square and gradient descent methods.
Simultaneous myocardial and fat suppression in magnetic resonance myocardial delayed enhancement imaging (2007)

The results indicate this modular-type approach optimizes fat suppression in myocardial delayed enhancement studies but does not perturb the basic IR pulse sequence or change basic acquisition parameters.
Synthesis and Bladder Smooth Muscle Relaxing Properties of Substituted 3‐Amino‐4‐aryl‐(and aralkyl‐)cyclobut‐3‐ene‐1,2‐diones. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Demonstration of high performance long wavelength infrared type II InAs/GaSb superlattice photodiode grown on GaAs substrate (2009)

We report the growth and characterization of long wavelength infrared type-II InAs/GaSb superlattice photodiodes with a 50% cut-off wavelength at 11 μm, on GaAs substrate. Despite a 7.3% lattice mismatch to the substrate, photodiodes passivated with polyimide exhibit an R0A value of 35 Ω cm2 at 77 K, which is in the same order of magnitude as reference devices grown on native GaSb substrate. With a reverse applied bias less than 500 mV, the dark current density and differential resistance-area product are close to that of devices on GaSb substrate, within the tolerance of the processing and measurement. The quantum efficiency attains the expected value of 20% at zero bias, resulting in a Johnson limited detectivity of 1.1×1011 Jones. Although some difference in performances is observed, devices grown on GaAs substrate already attained the background limit performance at 77 K with a 300 K background and a 2π field of view.
Digital holographic microscopy with physical phase compensation (2009)

An optical configuration for digital holographic microscopy is presented. Digital off-axis holograms are recorded by using a single-cube beam splitter in a nonconventional configuration so as to both split and combine a diverging spherical wavefront emerging from a microscope objective. When a plane numerical reference wavefront is used for the reconstruction of the recorded digital hologram, the phase curvature introduced by the microscope objective together with the illuminating wave to the object wave can be physically compensated.
Synthesis and the luminescent properties of NaAlSiO<sub>4</sub>:Eu<sup>2+</sup>phosphor using SiO powder as a silica source (2014)

A yellow-emitting silicate phosphor, NaAlSiO4:Eu2+, was synthesized through a new reducing technique, using SiO powder as a silica source, during the preparation process. The addition of SiO powder as a silica source significantly enhanced the Eu2+ content, which led to an increase in the photoluminescence emission intensity of the NaAlSiO4:Eu2+ phosphor. The optimization of the composition resulted in obtaining the maximum emission intensity for NaAlSiO4:7 mol% Eu2+.
Attitude Determination for Small Satellites with Infrared Earth Horizon Sensors (2018)

Infrared Earth horizon sensors are capable of providing attitude knowledge for satellites in low Earth orbit by using thermopile measurements of the Earth’s infrared emission to locate the Earth’s horizon. Because some small satellites, such as CubeSats, have limited resources, a framework was developed that improves the attitude determination performance of an Earth horizon sensing system consisting of inexpensive thermopiles in static dual-mount configurations by leveraging mission geometry properties and improving sensor models. This paper presents an analytical approach to generate an estimate of the nadir vector in the satellite’s body frame from Earth horizon sensor measurements. On-orbit telemetry data from the Microsized Microwave Atmospheric Satellite (MicroMAS) during limb-crossing events were used to assess our model of sensor readings in response to Earth horizon detection. To quantify the expected attitude estimation performance of our method, a detailed simulation of a low-Earth-orbiting satellite was developed with Earth horizon sensors in similar configurations to the MicroMAS sensor system. Our attitude determination method returns an error of 0.16° on average (root-mean-square error of 0.18°) in nadir estimation under a periodic low-frequency attitude disturbance of 4°. A sensitivity analysis was conducted, which takes mounting uncertainty and position error into account, resulting in an additional attitude error of 0.3° for a mounting offset of 0.2° and up to 0.13° error for a 10-km position knowledge error.
Achromatic waveguide input/output coupler design (1991)

An investigation into methods for achromatizing the coupling angle characteristics of waveguide input/output couplers is described. The basic approach involves correcting the inherent angular dispersion of conventional waveguide couplers with a diffraction grating. Two configurations are analyzed in detail: a hybrid prism/grating coupler and a double grating coupler. Expressions are derived for values of the grating parameters that produce achromatic coupling. A method is also presented to predict the achromatic wavelength range and maximize it with the available degrees of freedom. For a coupling angle tolerance of 0.005 degrees , it is found that with double grating couplers achromatic wavelength ranges of the order of 10 nm can be obtained, and that with prism/grating couplers this range can be as large as 200 nm.
Large-scale preparation, purification, and characterization of hyaluronan oligosaccharides from 4-mers to 52-mers (2002)

Hyaluronan (HA) was depolymerized by partial digestion with testicular hyaluronidase and separated into size-uniform HA oligosaccharides from 4-mers to 52-mers by anion exchange chromatography after removal of the hyaluronidase. The purity and size of each HA oligosaccharide was confirmed by using HPLC analyses, FACE, and ESI-MS. (1)H and (13)C NMR assignments and elemental analyses were obtained for each HA oligosaccharide. Endotoxins, proteins, and DNA were absent or in trace amounts in these HA oligosaccharides. Gram/mg-scale hyaluronan oligosaccharides were obtained from 200 g of HA starting material. These pure, size-uniform, and large range of HA oligosaccharides will be available for investigating important biological functions of HA, such as for the determination of the size(s) of HA oligosaccharides that induce angiogenesis or mediate inflammatory responses, and to interact with HA-binding proteins and receptors both in in vitro and in vivo studies.
Janus kinase 1 inhibitor <scp>INCB054707</scp> for patients with moderate‐to‐severe hidradenitis suppurativa: results from two phase <scp>II</scp> studies* (2022)

INCB054707 was well tolerated, with responses observed in patients with moderate-to-severe HS. The safety and efficacy findings from these studies demonstrate proof of concept for JAK1 inhibition in HS. The studies are registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03569371 and NCT03607487).
First-wafer effect on ellipsometer metrics and spatial etch pattern of polysilicon gate etch (1994)

Analysis of data gathered during a experiment to demonstrate control of the polysilicon gate etch revealed the possible presence of a first wafer effect, i.e., a different response of the etch metrics for the first wafer run after a delay or pump down. In this paper, we investigate this first wafer effect on spatial etch rate and in situ ellipsometer metrics more thoroughly. The spatial metrics were standard deviation and Median Absolute Deviation from the Median, as well as contrasts (such as average etch rate of fast sites--average of slow sites). Ellipsometer metrics were Mean Etch Rate, initial etch rate, rate of change of the etch rate during etch, initial thickness--estimated initial thickness, and polysilicon loss during the deglaze step. Multivariate Statistical Quality Control statistics of the ellipsometer metrics were also examined. In addition, a comparison of the ellipsometer data with data measured ex situ on a site near the ellipsometer measurement die were made. This document demonstrates that data obtained in situ with an ellipsometer can indicate when the etch rate spatial pattern is different from that expected.
Page-level template detection via isotonic smoothing (2007)

We develop a novel framework for the page-level template detection problem. Our framework is built on two main ideas. The first is theautomatic generation of training data for a classifier that, given apage, assigns a templateness score to every DOM node of the page. The second is the global smoothing of these per-node classifier scores bysolving a regularized isotonic regression problem; the latter follows from a simple yet powerful abstraction of templateness on a page. Our extensive experiments on human-labeled test data show that our approachdetects templates effectively.
An Industrial Process for Synthesizing Lodenosine (FddA) (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Osmium-Labeled Microspheres for Bead-Based Assays in Mass Cytometry (2019)

Polystyrene beads are broadly applied in flow cytometry. Implementing bead-based assays in mass cytometry is desired but hampered by the lack of an elemental label required for their detection. In this study, we introduce stable osmium tetroxide labeling as a universal approach for generating functionalized beads readily detectable by mass cytometry. We demonstrate the utility of osmium-labeled beads for signal spillover compensation in mass cytometry, and, strikingly, their application in quantitative Ab-binding capacity assays combined with high-dimensional profiling of human PBMC enabled the systematic assessment of receptor expression profiles across large numbers of cellular phenotypes. This analysis confirmed increased monocytic Siglec-1 expression in active systemic lupus erythematosus patients and, additionally, revealed interrelated reductions of CD4 expression by regulatory and memory CD4 T cells and HLA-DR expression by myeloid dendritic cells, pointing toward defective cross-talk at the immunological synapse that may limit immune responses in systemic lupus erythematosus. By converting conventional flow cytometry beads into beads suitable for mass cytometry, our approach paves the way toward the broad implementation of bead-based assays in high-dimensional cell profiling studies by mass cytometry in biomedical research.
Artificial immune system approach for air combat maneuvering (2007)

Since future air combat missions will involve both manned and unmanned aircraft, the primary motivation for this research is to enable unmanned aircraft with intelligent maneuvering capabilities. During air combat maneuvering, pilots use their knowledge and experience of maneuvering strategies and tactics to determine the best course of action. As a result, we try to capture these aspects using an artificial immune system approach. The biological immune system protects the body against intruders by recognizing and destroying harmful cells or molecules. It can be thought of as a robust adaptive system that is capable of dealing with an enormous variety of disturbances and uncertainties. However, another critical aspect of the immune system is that it can remember how previous encounters were successfully defeated. As a result, it can respond faster to similar encounters in the future. This paper describes how an artificial immune system is used to select and construct air combat maneuvers. These maneuvers are composed of autopilot mode and target commands, which represent the low-level building blocks of the parameterized system. The resulting command sequences are sent to a tactical autopilot system, which has been enhanced with additional modes and an aggressiveness factor for enabling high performance maneuvers. Just as vaccinations train the biological immune system how to combat intruders, training sets are used to teach the maneuvering system how to respond to different enemy aircraft situations. Simulation results are presented, which demonstrate the potential of using immunized maneuver selection for the purposes of air combat maneuvering.
Implementation of blind source separation and a post-processing algorithm for noise suppression in cell-phone applications (2010)

For cell-phone applications, single microphone noise suppression techniques have limited performance at very low SNR (close to 0 dB). In certain cases, they also suffer from the artifacts of nonlinear processing. In this paper, we will show that techniques based on two-microphone blind source separation (BSS) algorithm provide significant interference suppression for cell-phone applications, particularly at low operating SNR values. We also propose a post-BSS processing method based on frequency-domain spectral subtraction that further improves the BSS speech output in diffused noise case. We optimize the BSS algorithm so that it can be implemented on a low-power audio codec processor, which would be ideal for cell phone applications. Furthermore, based on extensive analysis under different noise and acoustic conditions, we suggest recommendations for optimal placement of microphones on a cell phone. We also study the trade-off between the unmixing filter length and the noise suppression performance. In all our experiments, we use real recordings made on a cell phone equipped with two microphones.
Multicomponent thermally coupled systems of distillation columns at minimum reflux (2001)

Abstract A method for calculating the minimum vapor flow in a ternary fully thermally coupled system of distillation columns was developed earlier by Fidkowski and Krolikowski. This method was developed further for fully thermally coupled systems separating four or more components. For multicomponent mixtures having constant relative volatilities and equal latent heats, the method leads to the identification of all of the minimum vapor flow rates in each distillation column that provide the same overall minimum heat duty in the reboiler. The quaternary fully coupled system of columns requires less heat energy than conventional configurations. These savings are often on the order of 20–50%.
Colorimetric Assay for the Detection of Typical Biomarkers for Periodontitis Using a Magnetic Nanoparticle Biosensor (2015)

Periodontitis is a chronic disease which affects at least 10% of the population. If untreated, periodontitis can lead to teeth loss. Unfortunately, current diagnostic tests are limited in their sensitivity and specificity. In this study, a novel multiplex hand-held colorimetric diagnostic biosensor, using two typical inflammatory salivary biomarkers, Human Neutrophil Elastase (HNE) and Cathepsin-G, was constructed as proof of concept to potentially detect periodontitis. The biosensing method was based on the measurement of proteolytic activity using specific proteases probes. These probes consist of specific proteases substrates covalently bound to a magnetic bead from one end and to the gold sensor surface by the other end. When intact, this renders the golden sensor black. Upon proteolysis, the cleaved magnetic beads will be attracted by an external magnet revealing the golden color of the sensor surface observable by the naked eye. The biosensor was capable of specific and quantitative detection of HNE and Cathepsin-G in solution and in spiked saliva samples with a lower detection limit of 1 pg/mL and 100 fg/mL for HNE and Cathepsin-G, respectively. Examination of periodontitis patients' sample and a healthy control showed the potential of the multiplex biosensor to detect the presence of HNE and Cathepsin-G activity in situ. This approach is anticipated to be a useful biochip array amenable to low-cost point-of-care devices.
Synthesis, isolation and characterization of cationic gold(<scp>i</scp>) N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes (2006)

A number of cationic gold(I) complexes have been synthesized and found to be stabilized by the use of N-heterocyclic carbene ligands. These species are often employed as in situ-generated reactive intermediates in gold catalyzed organic transformations. An isolated, well-defined species was tested in gold-mediated carbene transfer reactions from ethyl diazoacetate.
High-efficiency and wideband SOA-based wavelength converters by using four-wave-mixing with orthogonal pumps and an assisted beam (2004)

Using a 1480-nm assisted beam significantly improves conversion efficiency and SBR for wideband SOA wavelength converters with orthogonal pumps. With a moderate-gain SOA, greater than -10 dB efficiency over 70-nm wavelength range is achieved.
Three‐Dimensional Microfluidic Tissue‐Engineering Scaffolds Using a Flexible Biodegradable Polymer (2005)

Three-dimensional microfluidic networks using a flexible biodegradable polymer have been fabricated using modified microfabrication processes tailored specifically for poly(glycerol-co-sebacate). A model hepatocyte cell line (HepG2) is seeded and perfused in the microfluidic networks to demonstrate cell viability and function, which is maintained in long-term perfusion culture (see Figure; scale bar is 50 μm). The seeded, fully degradable device can potentially be integrated into a patient's existing vasculature in order to restore organ function.
A Sound and Complete Axiomatization of Majority-$n$ Logic (2015)

Manipulating logic functions via majority operators recently drew the attention of researchers in computer science. For example, circuit optimization based on majority operators enables superior results as compared to traditional synthesis tools. Also, the Boolean satisfiability problem finds new solution approaches when described in terms of majority decisions. To support computer logic applications based on majority, a sound and complete set of axioms is required. Most of the recent advances in majority logic deal only with ternary majority (MAJ-3) operators because the axiomatization with solely MAJ-3 and complementation operators is well understood. However, it is of interest extending such axiomatization to <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$</tex-math></inline-formula> -ary majority operators (MAJ- <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$</tex-math></inline-formula> ) from both the theoretical and practical perspective. In this work, we address this issue by introducing a sound and complete axiomatization of MAJ- <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$</tex-math></inline-formula> logic. Our axiomatization naturally includes existing MAJ-3 and MAJ-5 axiomatic systems. Based on this general set of axioms, computer applications can now fully exploit the expressive power of majority logic.
CloudPD: Problem determination and diagnosis in shared dynamic clouds (2013)

In this work, we address problem determination in virtualized clouds. We show that high dynamism, resource sharing, frequent reconfiguration, high propensity to faults and automated management introduce significant new challenges towards fault diagnosis in clouds. Towards this, we propose CloudPD, a fault management framework for clouds. CloudPD leverages (i) a canonical representation of the operating environment to quantify the impact of sharing; (ii) an online learning process to tackle dynamism; (iii) a correlation-based performance models for higher detection accuracy; and (iv) an integrated end-to-end feedback loop to synergize with a cloud management ecosystem. Using a prototype implementation with cloud representative batch and transactional workloads like Hadoop, Olio and RUBiS, it is shown that CloudPD detects and diagnoses faults with low false positives (<; 16%) and high accuracy of 88%, 83% and 83%, respectively. In an enterprise trace-based case study, CloudPD diagnosed anomalies within 30 seconds and with an accuracy of 77%, demonstrating its effectiveness in real-life operations.
Recent developments on X-ray phase contrast imaging technology at CSEM (2012)

X-ray phase contrast imaging (XPCi) using the Talbot-Lau grating interferometer attracts increasing attention for its implementation in various fields of applications such as in the (bio-) medical domain, non-destructive testing or security. Since the method is compatible with laboratory X-ray tube sources as well as with large field of view digital X-ray image sensors, it has a large potential to provide XPCi for industrial and medical applications as widespread as conventional X-raying is. Here, we report on our recent results and measurements regarding the grating interferometer technology.
Circuit for Communication Over Power Lines (2011)

Many distributed systems share common sensors and instruments along with a common power line supplying current to the system. A communication technique and circuit has been developed that allows for the simple inclusion of an instrument, sensor, or actuator node within any system containing a common power bus. Wherever power is available, a node can be added, which can then draw power for itself, its associated sensors, and actuators from the power bus all while communicating with other nodes on the power bus. The technique modulates a DC power bus through capacitive coupling using on-off keying (OOK), and receives and demodulates the signal from the DC power bus through the same capacitive coupling. The circuit acts as serial modem for the physical power line communication. The circuit and technique can be made of commercially available components or included in an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) design, which allows for the circuit to be included in current designs with additional circuitry or embedded into new designs. This device and technique moves computational, sensing, and actuation abilities closer to the source, and allows for the networking of multiple similar nodes to each other and to a central processor. This technique also allows for reconfigurable systems by adding or removing nodes at any time. It can do so using nothing more than the in situ power wiring of the system.
Generation of fiber‐modified adenovirus vectors containing heterologous peptides in both the HI loop and C terminus of the fiber knob (2002)

In the experiment using cultured cells, Ad vectors containing both RGD and K7 peptides were the most efficient with a broader tropism. In contrast, in the experiment in vivo, Ad vectors containing RGD peptide in the HI loop of the fiber knob were more efficient than the vectors containing K7 peptide (including double-modified vectors containing both the RGD and K7 peptides). These comparative analyses could provide a systemic reference for the use of fiber-modified Ad vectors. Our simple method, in which the peptide of interest can be expressed in Ad vectors in either the HI loop or the C terminus of the fiber knob, or both, could be a powerful tool for gene transfer into mammalian cells in studies of gene function as well as in gene therapy.