gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
iPhone 3GS Forensics: Logical analysis using Apple iTunes Backup Utility (2010)

Abstract- The iPhone mobile is used worldwide due to its enhanced computing capabilities, increased storage capacity as well as its attractive touch interface. These characteristics made the iPhone a popular smart phone device. The increased use of the iPhone lead it to become a potential source of digital evidence in criminal investigations. Therefore, iPhone forensics turned into an essential practice for forensic and security practitioners today. This research aimed at investigating and examining the logical backup acquisition of the iPhone 3GS mobile device using the Apple iTunes backup utility. It was found that significant data of forensic value such as e-mail messages, text and multimedia messages, calendar events, browsing history, GPRS locations, contacts, call history and voicemail recording can be retrieved using this method of iPhone acquisition.
The Elusive Anti-Candida Vaccine: Lessons From the Past and Opportunities for the Future (2018)

Candidemia is a bloodstream fungal infection caused by <i>Candida</i> species and is most commonly observed in hospitalized patients. Even with proper antifungal drug treatment, mortality rates remain high at 40-50%. Therefore, prophylactic or preemptive antifungal medications are currently recommended in order to prevent infections in high-risk patients. Moreover, the majority of women experience at least one episode of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) throughout their lifetime and many of them suffer from recurrent VVC (RVVC) with frequent relapses for the rest of their lives. While there currently exists no definitive cure, the only available treatment for RVVC is again represented by antifungal drug therapy. However, due to the limited number of existing antifungal drugs, their associated side effects and the increasing occurrence of drug resistance, other approaches are greatly needed. An obvious prevention measure for candidemia or RVVC relapse would be to immunize at-risk patients with a vaccine effective against <i>Candida</i> infections. In spite of the advanced and proven techniques successfully applied to the development of antibacterial or antiviral vaccines, however, no antifungal vaccine is still available on the market. In this review, we first summarize various efforts to date in the development of anti-<i>Candida</i> vaccines, highlighting advantages and disadvantages of each strategy. We next unfold and discuss general hurdles encountered along these efforts, such as the existence of large genomic variation and phenotypic plasticity across <i>Candida</i> strains and species, and the difficulty in mounting protective immune responses in immunocompromised or immunosuppressed patients. Lastly, we review the concept of "trained immunity" and discuss how induction of this rapid and nonspecific immune response may potentially open new and alternative preventive strategies against opportunistic infections by <i>Candida</i> species and potentially other pathogens.
Angiostatin‐induced inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation/apoptosis is associated with the down‐regulation of cell cycle regulatory protein cdk5 (2003)

Endothelial cells (ECs) are quiescent in normal blood vessels, but undergo rapid bursts of proliferation after vascular injury, hypoxia or induced by powerful angiogenic cytokines like fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Deregulated proliferation of ECs facilitates angiogenic processes and promotes tumor growth. In dividing cells, cell cycle-associated protein kinases, which are referred as cyclin-dependent kinases (cdks), regulate proliferation, differentiation, senescence, and apoptosis. Cyclin-dependent kinase-5 (cdk5) is expressed in neuronal cells and plays an important role in neurite outgrowth, of neuronal migration and neurogenesis, its functions in non-neuronal cells are unclear. Here, we show for the first time that the cdk5 is expressed at high levels in proliferating bovine aortic endothelial (BAE) cells, by contrast insignificant low levels of cdk5 expression in quiescent BAE cells. In addition, bFGF up-regulates cdk5 expression in a dose-dependent fashion. Interestingly, temporal expression data suggests that cdk5 expression is very low between 24-48 h, but high level of cdk5 expression was detected during 60-72 h. This later time corresponds to the time of completion of one cell cycle (doubling of cell population) of BAE cell culture. Angiostatin (AS), a powerful inhibitor of angiogenesis inhibits ECs proliferation in dose-dependent manner with concomitant down-regulation of cdk5 expression. The role of cdk5 in ECs, proliferation and apoptosis was confirmed by selective inhibition of cdk5 expression by the purine derivative roscovitine, which inhibits bFGF-stimulated BAE cells proliferation and induces apoptosis in dose-specific manner. By contrast, the roscovitine analog olomoucine, which is a specific inhibitor of cdk4, but not of cdk5 failed to affect ECs proliferation and apoptosis. These data suggest for the first time that neuron specific protein cdk5 may have significant role in the regulation of ECs proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis and extends beyond its role in neurogenesis.
Influence of some humectants on the physical characteristics of solidified sodium stearate‐based sticks (1984)

Synopsis A comparative study was conducted on the influence of widely used humectants [glycerol, propylene glycol (PG), polyethylene glycols 400 and 600 (PEG 400 and PEG 600)] on the physical characteristics of solidified sodium stearate‐based sticks (SSSS). – Sticks prepared with PG or PEG 600 generally tended to be harder than the corresponding ones containing glycerol or PEG 400; – PG lowered the penetrability of the sticks while PEG 400 tended to increase it. Glycerol or PEG 600 produced sticks with intermediate penetrability values; – all investigated sticks showed practically acceptable softening points; – PG‐based sticks showed the lowest yield by abrasion values while PEG 400‐based ones showed the highest such values. Glycerol or PEG 600 produced sticks with intermediate behaviour; – sticks prepared with PG generally showed the highest tendency to dry by evaporation. There was a clear tendency towards reduction in evaporation with all the considered humectants, proportional to humectant concentration increase; – sticks formulated with PEGs showed considerably longer disintegration times than those formulated with glycerol or PG; – all sticks showed a plastic thixotropic flow behaviour; – static and dynamic yield value‐humectant concentration curves exhibited an almost identical behaviour with all investigated systems; – generally speaking, SSSS with PG showed the highest dynamic and static yield values while those formulated with PEG 400 showed the lowest such values; the presence of PEG 400 or glycerol resulted in sticks with intermediate behaviour in this respect; – PG produced sticks showing the highest thixotropic breakdown by shear; glycerol came next in this respect. PEG‐based sticks showed strong fluctuations in their thixotropic breakdown‐humectant concentration behaviour; – PG gave sticks with the highest plastic viscosity; they, indeed, had a tough texture. Glycerol or PEG 600‐based sticks had intermediate plastic viscosities and acceptable spreading characteristics. PEG 400‐based sticks had the lowest plastic viscosity and best spreading characteristics; – almost all sticks investigated proved to be stable after 18 months storage as far as
Oral micronized progesterone combined with vaginal progesterone gel for luteal support (2011)

The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy and satisfaction rate of combined therapy of oral micronized progesterone capsules and vaginal progesterone gel versus monotherapy with vaginal progesterone gel in luteal support. A case-control study was performed on a total number of 370 women aged <45 years undergoing IVF-ET treatment. The patients received either combination of Crinone 8% vaginal gel, 90 mg daily dose and Utrogestan oral capsules 3 x 100 mg, or Crinone 8% vaginal gel, 90 mg daily. Progesterone supplementation begun on the day of oocyte retrieval and continued until pregnancy was tested and in the case of pregnancy until week 8. The comparable rates of ongoing pregnancies were noted with use of combined-progesterone therapy (39.5%) and progesterone-monotherapy (33.5%). Abortion rate (6.4% vs. 15.6%) was significantly lower with the use of combined therapy. Tolerability and satisfaction of both supplements was almost equal but bleeding occurred more frequently in the progesterone-monotherapy group. In conclusion, the efficacy, satisfaction and tolerability of combined and vaginal progesterone supplements were comparable, but bleeding in early pregnancy and abortion rate presented more frequently with the use of vaginal progesterone.
Contamination of an operating theatre by Gram-negative bacteria. Examination of water supplies, cleaning methods and wound infections (1972)

This paper describes a search for Gram-negative bacteria in an operating theatre and the steps taken to reduce the level of environmental contamination.A high rate of infection in clean wounds prompted a bacteriological survey. Potential sources of infection found, and the measures employed are described in the hope that others may be encouraged to examine familiar equipment critically and to improve hygiene even in old premises.The choice, design, use and care of cleaning and sterilizing equipment were open to criticism. In particular, a currently popular floor-scrubbing machine provided a breeding ground for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and was distributing it in the theatre environment.
Biological fuel cells and their applications (2004)

One type of genuine fuel cell that does hold promise in\nthe long-term is the biological fuel cell. Unlike conventional\nfuel cells, which employ hydrogen, ethanol and\nmethanol as fuel, biological fuel cells use organic products\nproduced by metabolic processes or use organic\nelectron donors utilized in the growth processes as fuels\nfor current generation. A distinctive feature of biological\nfuel cells is that the electrode reactions are\ncontrolled by biocatalysts, i.e. the biological redoxreactions\nare enzymatically driven, while in chemical\nfuel cells catalysts such as platinum determine the\nelectrode kinetics. This article provides a brief introduction\nto biological fuel cells along with their envisaged\napplications.
Magneto-inertial navigation: principles and application to an indoor pedometer (2011)

This thesis presents the navigation technique (MINAV) using magnetic disturbances and inertial sensors (accelerometers and gyrometers) to address the positioning problem of a rigid body in motion. The manuscript provides design guidelines and procedures enabling the creation of a system implementing this technique in real conditions. An example of operational system, the magneto-inertial pedometer, providing a GPS-free indoor navigation solution is presented.
Analysis of quality of service provisioning in passive optical networks (2005)

Today, tremendous pressure falls on the local networks to provide customers with access to the global telecom infrastructure. To ease this pressure, various versions of broadband access networks have been developed. Among them, the optical access networks provide the most promising immediate and future solution to the access problem. These optical access networks are mostly implemented today in the form of passive optical networks (PONs). This paper analyzes the quality of service (QoS) provided by the PONs. We start with an introduction to the principle of PON operation, the architectures, topologies, protocols and standards, design issues, and network management and services. Through this introduction, we consider provisioning such QoS parameters as bandwidth allocation, delay (response) time, security, and availability. We also discuss PON lifeline service and survivability and compare the QoS provisioning in ATM-based and Ethernet-based PONs
A Nonerythroid Isoform of Protein 4.1R Interacts with the Nuclear Mitotic Apparatus (NuMA) Protein (1999)

Red blood cell protein 4.1 (4.1R) is an 80- kD erythrocyte phosphoprotein that stabilizes the spectrin/actin cytoskeleton. In nonerythroid cells, multiple 4.1R isoforms arise from a single gene by alternative splicing and predominantly code for a 135-kD isoform. This isoform contains a 209 amino acid extension at its NH2 terminus (head piece; HP). Immunoreactive epitopes specific for HP have been detected within the cell nucleus, nuclear matrix, centrosomes, and parts of the mitotic apparatus in dividing cells. Using a yeast two-hybrid system, in vitro binding assays, coimmunolocalization, and coimmunoprecipitation studies, we show that a 135-kD 4.1R isoform specifically interacts with the nuclear mitotic apparatus (NuMA) protein. NuMA and 4.1R partially colocalize in the interphase nucleus of MDCK cells and redistribute to the spindle poles early in mitosis. Protein 4.1R associates with NuMA in the interphase nucleus and forms a complex with spindle pole organizing proteins, NuMA, dynein, and dynactin during cell division. Overexpression of a 135-kD isoform of 4.1R alters the normal distribution of NuMA in the interphase nucleus. The minimal sequence sufficient for this interaction has been mapped to the amino acids encoded by exons 20 and 21 of 4.1R and residues 1788–1810 of NuMA. Our results not only suggest that 4.1R could, possibly, play an important role in organizing the nuclear architecture, mitotic spindle, and spindle poles, but also could define a novel role for its 22–24-kD domain.
<i>VHL</i> mutations and their correlation with tumour cell proliferation, microvessel density, and patient prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (2001)

Mutations of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene are considered critical for the initiation of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. The VHL protein is involved in regulation of the cell cycle and neo-vascularization. In this study, the association of VHL mutations with tumour cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and clinical outcome was analysed in 113 clear cell renal cell carcinomas. The degree of angiogenesis and tumour cell proliferation was immunohistochemically determined by counting microvessels (microvessel density, anti-CD34 antibody) and cells with proliferating activity (Ki-67 labelling index, MIB-1 antibody). Forty-eight different VHL sequence alterations were found in 38 of 113 patients (34%) by direct sequencing. Nineteen VHL mutations were frameshifts and nonsense mutations, predicted to change the open reading frame of VHL. These 'loss-of-function' mutations correlated with worse prognosis in univariate analysis (p=0.02). Tumour grade, stage, microvessel density, and tumour cell proliferation were not associated with VHL alterations. These findings may indicate that 'loss-of-function' VHL mutations are involved in the progression of a clear cell renal cell carcinoma subset, whereas regulation of angiogenesis and proliferation of renal carcinoma in vivo is apparently not directly influenced by VHL alterations.
A Statistical Approach for Improving the Accuracy of Dry Friction Coefficient Measurement (2019)

Tribological tests are adopted to estimate the kinetic friction coefficient of the material of interest according to the ASTM standard. Typically, for the measurement process, several replicas as well as a postprocessing data treatment are necessary to take into account the observed casual variability of the measurand. This paper describes a novel statistical approach aiming to highlight the most significant time intervals during each test replica. The experimental activity has been carried out with reference to the ball-on-flat configuration of the tribometer in order to verify the suggested procedure in terms of both accuracy and reliability. Numerical simulation and comparison of the measurement results with the output of a different outlier detection algorithm are also included to show the improvement allowed by the authors' proposal about the dry friction coefficient measurement.
A 100<i>μ</i>m diameter capacitive pressure sensor with 50 MPa dynamic range (2016)

This paper presents fully sealed absolute capacitive pressure sensors for high-pressure applications in hydraulic environments. The sensors have a o100 μm diaphragm and a nominal interelectrode gap of 3 μm. The interiors of the cavities are electrically isolated, allowing the sensors to operate at the high end of the pressure range with the center of the diaphragm in contact with the substrate beneath it. The sensors are monolithically fabricated using a combination of surface micromachining and through-wafer isolated bulk-silicon lead transfer for backside contacts. This structure allows the device footprints to be reduced to about 150 × 150 μm2, and simplifies system integration. Fabricated sensors with diaphragm thicknesses of 3 μm (C100t3) and 5 μm (C100t5) are tested in an oil environment at pressures up to 20 MPa and 50 MPa, respectively. The average sensitivities are 7200 ppm MPa−1 (3.1 fF MPa−1) for C100t3, and 3400 ppm MPa−1 (1.6 fF MPa−1) for C100t5 in the non-contact mode. In the contact mode, the average sensitivities are 9900 ppm MPa−1 (5.3 fF MPa−1) for C100t3, and 3100 ppm MPa−1 (1.6 fF MPa−1) for C100t5. A multiphysics finite element analysis approach that accommodates contact mode simulations is also presented.
Effects of order on the photophysical properties of the liquid crystal zinc octakis(.beta.-octoxyethyl)porphyrin (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffects of order on the photophysical properties of the liquid crystal zinc octakis(.beta.-octoxyethyl)porphyrinBrian A. Gregg, Marye Anne Fox, and Allen J. BardCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1989, 93, 10, 4227–4234Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100347a065https://doi.org/10.1021/j100347a065research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views239Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Genetics of human iris colour and patterns (2009)

The presence of melanin pigment within the iris is responsible for the visual impression of human eye colouration with complex patterns also evident in this tissue, including Fuchs' crypts, nevi, Wolfflin nodules and contraction furrows. The genetic basis underlying the determination and inheritance of these traits has been the subject of debate and research from the very beginning of quantitative trait studies in humans. Although segregation of blue-brown eye colour has been described using a simple Mendelian dominant-recessive gene model this is too simplistic, and a new molecular genetic perspective is needed to fully understand the biological complexities of this process as a polygenic trait. Nevertheless, it has been estimated that 74% of the variance in human eye colour can be explained by one interval on chromosome 15 that contains the OCA2 gene. Fine mapping of this region has identified a single base change rs12913832 T/C within intron 86 of the upstream HERC2 locus that explains almost all of this association with blue-brown eye colour. A model is presented whereby this SNP, serving as a target site for the SWI/SNF family member HLTF, acts as part of a highly evolutionary conserved regulatory element required for OCA2 gene activation through chromatin remodelling. Major candidate genes possibly effecting iris patterns are also discussed, including MITF and PAX6.
Analysis of Electromagnetic Coupling and Current Distribution Inside a Power Module (2007)

Due to high-current commutation speed, it has become necessary to minimize stray inductances to reduce over-voltage. This is a great challenge for the power-converter designer. Integration of converters into ever smaller packages decreases stray inductance considerably but, at the same time, increases other phenomena (thermal issues and electromagnetic-compatibility disturbances) capable of decreasing reliability and efficiency of the system. This paper presents a generic equivalent cabling model and examines the impact of parasitic inductance on current-distribution imbalance. This paper could, therefore, be used in thermal analysis in order to better understand the influence of packaging.
A DNA-based strategy for dynamic positional enzyme immobilization inside fused silica microchannels (2011)

A three-enzyme cascade reaction was successfully realized in a continuous flow microreactor. The first enzyme (Candida antarctica lipase B, also known as Pseudozyma antarctica lipase B) and the third enzyme (horseradish peroxidase) of the cascade process were immobilized in a mild non-contact manner via ssDNA-ssDNA interaction in discrete zones on the capillary wall, whereas the second enzyme (glucose oxidase) was kept in the mobile phase. The unique combined feature of patterning, possibility of loading and stripping, and modularity in a fused silica microchannel is demonstrated. By changing the distance between the two enzyme patches, the reaction time available for glucose oxidase could be independently and modularly varied. The reusability of the enzymatic microfluidic system was shown by using the hybridization and dehybridization capabilities of DNA as a tool for subsequent enzyme immobilization and removal.
Fractionation of membrane proteins by temperature-induced phase separation in Triton X-114. Application to subcellular fractions of the adrenal medulla (1986)

After solubilization with the detergent Triton X-114, membrane proteins may be separated into three groups: if the membrane is sufficiently lipid-rich, one family of hydrophobic constituents separates spontaneously at low temperature; warming at 30 degrees C leads to separation of a detergent-rich phase and an aqueous phase. Using the chromaffin-granule membrane as a model, we found that many intrinsic membrane glycoproteins are found in the latter phase, probably maintained in solution by adherent detergent. They precipitate, however, when this is removed by dialysis, leaving in solution those truly hydrophilic proteins that were originally adhering to the membranes. We have used this method with mitochondria, and with Golgi- and rough-endoplasmic-reticulum-enriched microsomal fractions: it has proved to be a rapid and convenient method for effecting a partial separation of proteins from a variety of different membranes.