gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
143rd Annual Meeting American Neurological Association (2018)

The brain‐computer interface (BCI) uses electrical signals from the brain and uses them as information to control an external device and has the potential to stimulate neuroplasticity in motor impairment. Objective. Implement an immersive virtual reality and BCI system for upper limb rehabilitation and test its safety. Methods: 34 healthy subjects participated. We used an EEG of 16 channels placed on the scalp corresponding to the motor and pre‐motor area, an amplifier (g.USBAmp) and a signal classification method (ANFIS classifier), to detect mu and beta signals related to the intention of movement and used to control an immersive virtual reality representation of an upper limb; and perform 2 movements: flexion and extension, according to the brain signals detected. In addition, the classification percentages and their association with spatial abilities of participants were measured. Results: In this study, the system showed to acquire, amplify and adequately classify the brain signals to control the virtual upper limb, with a success rate of 79.6% and 76.1%, for extension and flexion, respectively. No adverse effect was evidenced. Classifications success show a correlation with spatial abilities, especially mental rotation test (R = 0.56, p < 0.05), block design (R = 0.49, p < 0.05) and matrix reasoning (R = 0, 54, p < 0.05). Conclusions: The implemented system adequately controls the virtual reality software by intention of movement, showing an adequate level of safety.
Chemically Conformal ALD of SrTiO[sub 3] Thin Films Using Conventional Metallorganic Precursors (2005)

(STO) thin films were grown on Si wafer, Pt- and Ru-coated Si wafers, respectively, by an atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique using conventional metallorganic precursors, and (TTIP) as Sr- and Ti-precursors, respectively, with a remote-plasma activated vapor as the oxidant at a wafer temperature of 250°C. Patterned Si wafers with contact holes having a diameter of 0.13 and 1 μm depth (aspect ratio of 8) was used in order to test the film-thickness and cation-composition conformalities over the contact hole surface. The ALD behavior of the STO film was critically dependent on the source heating temperature. When the Sr source temperature was [ melting temperature] stoichiometric STO films were deposited with a good process reliability. Excellent film thickness and cation composition conformalities (nonuniformity ) over the severe contact hole structure were obtained by the optimized precursor supply and deposition conditions. It was also observed that most of the input TTIP precursor molecules did not chemically adsorb on the SrO surface, possibly due to oversaturation of the SrO surface by the molecules or thermally modified molecules as a result of the heating process of the when the Sr-source temperature was . This difficulty resulted in a nonuniform cation composition ratio along the contact hole.
Assay of metabolic superoxide production in Escherichia coli. (1991)

Superoxide production has been measured in subcellular fractions of SOD-deficient Escherichia coli provided with physiological reductants. Although cytosolic enzyme(s) do generate O2-., the larger portion is produced by autoxidation of components of the respiratory electron-transport chain. At 37 degrees C and with pO2, NADH, and NAD+ levels matching those in vivo, respiring membrane vesicles generate 3 O2-./10,000 electrons transferred. This corresponds to intracellular O2-. production, in glucose-fed cells, of 5 microM/s. The high SOD content of normal cells restricts O2-. accumulation to 2.10(-10) M, with a moderate gradient from the membrane to the center of the cell. SOD-deficient mutants achieve a much higher steady-state content of O2-.. Rates of superoxide-mediated inactivation of certain enzymes are sufficiently rapid that even 10(-10) M O2-. imposes a significant oxidative stress.
Secure web applications via automatic partitioning (2007)

Swift is a new, principled approach to building web applications that are secure by construction . In modern web applications, some application functionality is usually implemented as client-side code written in JavaScript. Moving code and data to the client can create security vulnerabilities, but currently there are no good methods for deciding when it is secure to do so. Swift automatically partitions application code while providing assurance that the resulting placement is secure and efficient. Application code is written as Java-like code annotated with information flow policies that specify the confidentiality and integrity of web application information. The compiler uses these policies to automatically partition the program into JavaScript code running in the browser, and Java code running on the server. To improve interactive performance, code and data are placed on the client side. However, security-critical code and data are always placed on the server. Code and data can also be replicated across the client and server, to obtain both security and performance. A max-flow algorithm is used to place code and data in a way that minimizes client-server communication.
Antibiotic Resistance Among Uropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2019)

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) belong to the most common community-acquired and nosocomial infections. A main etiological factor of UTIs is uropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (UPEC). This review describes the current state of knowledge on the resistance of UPEC to antibiotics recommended for the treatment of UTIs based on the available literature data. Nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin are recommended as first-line therapy in the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis, and the resistance to these antimicrobial agents remains low between UPEC. Recently, in many countries, the increasing resistance is observed to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, which is widely used as the first-line antimicrobial in the treatment of uncomplicated UTIs. In European countries, the resistance of UPEC to this antimicrobial agent ranges from 14.6% to 60%. The widespread use of fluoroquinolones (FQs), especially ciprofloxacin, in the outpatients is the cause of a continuous increase in resistance to these drugs. The resistance of UPEC to FQs is significantly higher in developing countries (55.5–85.5%) than in developed countries (5.1–32.0%). Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid is recommended as first line-therapy for pyelonephritis or complicated UTI. Resistance rates of UPEC to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid are regionally variable. In European countries the level of resistance to this antimicrobial ranges from 5.3% (Germany) to 37.6% (France). Increasing rates of UPEC resistance to antimicrobials indicate that careful monitoring of their use for UTI treatment is necessary.
Effect of an Impermeant Arginine-Modifying Reagent on the Responses of Rabbit Platelets to Agonists (1983)

The importance of surface arginyl residues in platelet aggregation was investigated by studying the effects of an impermeant arginine-modifying reagent, p-sulfonylphenylglyoxal (PSPG), on platelet responses to various agonists. Pretreatment of resuspended rabbit platelets with 2-15 mM PSPG resulted in complete inhibition of aggregation responses to ADP and 5-HT, and a concentration-dependent inhibition of the preceding shape change. Aggregation responses to thrombin also were inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner. The protective effects of antagonists of these three agonists (beta, gamma-methylene ATP for ADP, hirudin for thrombin and phentolamine for 5-HT) during pretreatment of platelets with PSPG indicated that intact arginine residues form part of the receptor sites for ADP and for thrombin. Arginine residues are not part of the 5-HT receptor site itself, but seem to be important for the maintenance of the functional integrity of this site.
DNA–RNA hybrid formation mediates RNAi‐directed heterochromatin formation (2012)

Certain noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) implicated in the regulation of chromatin structure associate with chromatin. During the formation of RNAi-directed heterochromatin in fission yeast, ncRNAs transcribed from heterochromatin are thought to recruit the RNAi machinery to chromatin for the formation of heterochromatin; however, the molecular details of this association are not clear. Here, using RNA immunoprecipitation assay, we showed that the heterochromatic ncRNA was associated with chromatin via the formation of a DNA-RNA hybrid and bound to the RNA-induced transcriptional silencing (RITS) complex. The presence of DNA-RNA hybrid in the cell was also confirmed by immunofluorescence analysis using anti-DNA-RNA hybrid antibody. Over-expression and depletion of RNase H in vivo decreased and increased the amount of DNA-RNA hybrid formed, respectively, and both disturbed heterochromatin. Moreover, DNA-RNA hybrid was formed on, and over-expression of RNase H inhibited the formation of, artificial heterochromatin induced by tethering of RITS to mRNA. These results indicate that heterochromatic ncRNAs are retained on chromatin via the formation of DNA-RNA hybrids and provide a platform for the RNAi-directed heterochromatin assembly and suggest that DNA-RNA hybrid formation plays a role in chromatic ncRNA function.
Prosograph: a tool for prosody visualisation of large speech corpora (2017)

Comunicació presentada a: The 18th Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association (INTERSPEECH 2017), celebrada a Estocolm, Suència, del 20 al 24 d'agost de 2017.
Effect of quercetin on ox-LDL-induced lipid accumulation and peroxidation in mouse macrophages (2013)

AIM: To investigate the effect of quercetin(QUE) preconditioning on oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL)-induced lipid accumulation and peroxidation in mouse RAW264.7 macrophages and the underlying molecular mechanisms.METHODS: RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with different concentrations(20,40 and 80 μmol / L) of QUE for 30 min and then treated with ox-LDL(100 mg / L) for 24 h.Intracellular lipid droplets were assayed by oil red O staining.Extracellular lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) and malondialdehyde(MDA) and intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS) were determined to characterize the membrane integrity and the lipid peroxidation,respectively.The mRNA and protein levels of CD36,an important scavenger receptor which mediates ox-LDL uptake,were examined by real-time PCR and Western blotting,respectively.RESULTS: Pretreatment with QUE(20,40 and 80 mmol / L) significantly attenuated ox-LDL-induced lipid accumulation in RAW264.7 cells and foam cell formation in a dose-dependent manner.OxLDL induced LDH release in RAW264.7 cells.This cytotoxic effect was significantly inhibited by QUE pretreatment.Compared with ox-LDL group,the intracellular ROS content and MDA level in culture medium decreased markedly in QUE group.In addition,pretreatment with QUE attenuated ox-LDL-induced up-regulation of CD36 at mRNA and protein levels.CONCLUSION: QUE inhibits ox-LDL-induced lipid accumulation and peroxidation in mouse macrophages and the mechanism may partially involve its ability to down-regulate CD36 expression.
G Protein-Activated Inwardly Rectifying Potassium Channels as Potential Therapeutic Targets (2006)

G protein-activated inwardly rectifying K(+) (GIRK; Kir3) channels regulate the neuronal activity and heart rate. Molecular cloning of the GIRK channel genes has led to remarkable progress in our understanding of the molecular structure, distribution and functional modulation of these channels. Furthermore, the roles of GIRK channels in vivo have been shown by studies using GIRK knockout mice and weaver mutant mice, which have a missense mutation in the GIRK2 gene. We also review the possible roles of GIRK channels in the pathophysiology of various disorders, and discuss the therapeutic potential of GIRK channel modulation.
Real-time atmospheric compensation using stimulated Brillouin scattering phase conjugation (2002)

We review what is, to our knowledge, the first successful demonstration of atmospheric compensation employing a phase-conjugate mirror (PCM) based on ordinary stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS). The principal challenge in using SBS in this application is to reach SBS threshold despite the significant losses inherent in the atmospheric propagation. In our system, the required gain of 95 dB is provided by backward-Raman amplifiers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Floor-types identification method for wheel robot using impedance variation (2008)

Wheel robots have been widely used in indoor. An indoor room consists of various floor-types such as wood, carpet, marble and so on. The various floor-types cause odometry error and energy loss due to slip. Floor-type identification which allows a robot to detect changing floor-types and to adapt control and motion planning has been needed to solve this problem. In this paper, we propose sensing method for wheel robot to identify floor-types by using impedance variation. The impedance variation measures a voltage variation of a side brush motor depending on floor-types. The original side brush function is to sweep the dust in the vacuum cleaning robot. This approach does not require any sensors and estimates floor-types from the impedance variation. We present and analyze experimental data collected on three different floor-types: wood, marble and carpet. As a result, we verify the fact that the floor-types can be identified by the proposed method.
Phenotypic and functional analysis of bone marrow progenitor cell compartment in bone marrow failure (1994)

Many laboratory findings have demonstrated that the haemopoietic stem cell compartment is defective in aplastic anaemia (AA). AA bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) are profoundly deficient in colony-forming cells, and AA progenitors fail to proliferate in long-term assays even in the presence of an intact stroma. Our study was designed to characterize some quantitative and qualitative aspects of the progenitor cell defect in AA. Using flow cytometric analysis of BM from new AA patients and from those recovering after immunosuppressive therapy, we determined that the numbers of CD34+ and CD33+ cells were markedly decreased in AA. Although PB neutrophil counts did not correlate with BM CD34+ cell numbers in acute disease, there was an association between the overall severity of the disease and the degree of CD34+ cell reduction. A decrease in BM CD33+ cells was a common finding in MDS patients, but reduction in CD34+ cells was found only in some hypoplastic MDS cases. Sorting experiments demonstrated lower plating efficiency for purified CD34+ cells from AA BM in comparison to controls. Thus, diminished colony formation of total BM appeared to result from both quantitative and qualitative defects. Based on the association between increased cycling and c-kit receptor expression on CD34+ cells, we found that the mitotically active CD34+ cells bearing the c-kit antigen were reduced in AA. With clinical improvement, CD34+ and CD33+ cells increased in correlation with PB parameters, but they did not return to normal values. Sorted CD34+ cells from recovered patents showed improved plating efficiency.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Interframe hierarchical address-vector quantization (1992)

A new interframe coding technique called interframe hierarchical address-vector quantization (IHA-VQ) is presented. It exploits the local characteristics of a moving image's motion-compensated (via block matching) difference signals by using quadtree segmentation to divide each image into large, uniform regions and smaller, highly detailed regions. The detailed regions are encoded by vector quantization (VQ), and the larger, low-detail regions are replenished from the previous frame, IHA-VQ also exploits the correlation between the small blocks by encoding the addresses of neighboring vectors by using several codebooks of address code-vectors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Production of Indole Alkaloids in Multiple Shoot Culture of<i>Catharanthus roseus</i>(L). G. Don (1987)

Multiple shoot cultures of Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) were directly induced, with high frequencies, from seedlings in the presence of 1.0 mg/1 benzyladenine. The resulting cultures consisted of unorganized tissue touching the solid medium and multiple shoots having several leaf tissues. Quantitative HPLC assay of the culture extracts showed that vindoline and catharanthine were mostly found in the shoot, especially in the leaf tissue, whereas ajmalicine was localized in the unorganized tissue. The contents of these alkaloids were much changed in the cultures; the concentration of catharanthine in the leaf tissue was several times higher than in the parent, while vindoline content of the leaf tissue was comparable to that of parent leaves. Transfer of the cultures to a low-benzyladenine (0.1 mg/1) or a benzyladenine-free medium, stimulated the morphological development of the shoots and increased the production of vindoline and catharanthine, although growth and ajmalicine production were suppressed.
Robust Food Supply Chain Traceability System based on HACCP using Federated Blockchain (2020)

In this fast growing world, everything needs to change and upgrade with the technology to survive in this rapidly changing environment. The Food Supply Chain system is one of them. In traditional supply chain management functions, it is hard to manage the flow of traceability information of products timely and effectively among upstream to downstream stakeholders.This gap in the flow of information and untrusted traceability of product causes to generate food contamination hazards and also increasing the network of modern FSC systems is still challenging to provide quality, privacy, and integrity of traceability mechanism. HACCP and Blockchain-based FSC provide various functions to enhance the FSC process such as traceability,transparency, security among all stakeholders. In these functions, some most important functions of the Food Supply Chain system are traceability, amount of data sharing, and privacy of data of products among stakeholders. In this paper, we are going to provide an Enhanced Food Supply Chain Traceability system based on Federated Blockchain with HACCP using smart contracts. This model will manage by pre- selected leaders’ nodes. These leaders’ nodes have the right to control the action of middle nodes and lower nodes. The amount of data sharing can also be controlled by the leaders’ nodes.So, any particular transaction is restricted to perform by middle and lower nodes because the Federated Blockchain is partially decentralized. This model overcomes the issue of privacy concern which remains unsolved by blockchain-based FSC and makes a better and enhanced Federated Blockchain-based FSC traceability system.
Design of a multi-coordinating polymer as a platform for functionalizing metal, metal oxide and semiconductor nanocrystals (2016)

We introduce a new set of amphiphilic polymers as multifunctional, metal-coordinating ligands adapted to surfacefunctionalize quantum dots (QDs), iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) and gold nanoparticles/nanorods (AuNPs/AuNRs). The ligand design relies on the introduction of several anchoring groups, hydrophilic moieties and reactive functionalities into a polymer chain, via one-step nucleophilic addition reaction. Such synthetic scheme also allows the insertion of target biomolecules during the ligand synthesis. This functionalization strategy yields nanocrystals that exhibit long-term colloidal stability over a broad range of biological conditions, such as pH changes and when mixed with growth media. When zwitterion groups are used as hydrophilic motifs, this provides compact nanocrystals that are compatible with conjugation to proteins via metal-polyhistidine self-assembly. In addition, we show that QDs ligated with these polymers can engage in energy or charge transfer interactions. Furthermore, nanocrystals coated with folic acid-modified polymers could promote the delivery of nanoparticle-conjugates into cancer cells via folate receptormediated endocytosis.
Compensation by zinc chelation for fluorescent background in determining coproporphyrin and uroporphyrin in urine. (1977)

An improved method for separation and fluorescent analysis of coproporphyrin and uroporphyrin in urine was presented by Sobel, Cano, and Thiers [Clin. Chem. 20, 1397 (1974)]. Accurate determination of porphyrin concentrations by this method is impeded by the fluorescent background in urine samples, which varies from one specimen to another. By use of a straightforward procedure, zinc may be incorporated into coproporphyrin and uroporphyrin. Measurement of the difference in the fluorescent emission intensity at 650 nm for the porphyrin solutions before and after zinc incorporation compensates for fluorescent background and gives a more accurate determination.
Comparative genomics enabled the isolation of the <i>R3a</i> late blight resistance gene in potato (2005)

Comparative genomics provides a tool to utilize the exponentially increasing sequence information from model plants to clone agronomically important genes from less studied crop species. Plant disease resistance (R) loci frequently lack synteny between related species of cereals and crucifers but appear to be positionally well conserved in the Solanaceae. In this report, we adopted a local RGA approach using genomic information from the model Solanaceous plant tomato to isolate R3a, a potato gene that confers race-specific resistance to the late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans. R3a is a member of the R3 complex locus on chromosome 11. Comparative analyses of the R3 complex locus with the corresponding I2 complex locus in tomato suggest that this is an ancient locus involved in plant innate immunity against oomycete and fungal pathogens. However, the R3 complex locus has evolved after divergence from tomato and the locus has experienced a significant expansion in potato without disruption of the flanking colinearity. This expansion has resulted in an increase in the number of R genes and in functional diversification, which has probably been driven by the co-evolutionary history between P. infestans and its host potato. Constitutive expression was observed for the R3a gene, as well as some of its paralogues whose functions remain unknown.
Non-iridescent Transmissive Structural Color Filter Featuring Highly Efficient Transmission and High Excitation Purity (2014)

Nanostructure based color filtering has been considered an attractive replacement for current colorant pigmentation in the display technologies, in view of its increased efficiencies, ease of fabrication and eco-friendliness. For such structural filtering, iridescence relevant to its angular dependency, which poses a detrimental barrier to the practical development of high performance display and sensing devices, should be mitigated. We report on a non-iridescent transmissive structural color filter, fabricated in a large area of 76.2 × 25.4 mm(2), taking advantage of a stack of three etalon resonators in dielectric films based on a high-index cavity in amorphous silicon. The proposed filter features a high transmission above 80%, a high excitation purity of 0.93 and non-iridescence over a range of 160°, exhibiting no significant change in the center wavelength, dominant wavelength and excitation purity, which implies no change in hue and saturation of the output color. The proposed structure may find its potential applications to large-scale display and imaging sensor systems.