gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Secure Information and Resource Sharing in Cloud Infrastructure as a Service (2014)

Cloud infrastructure as a service (IaaS) refers to virtualized IT resources such as compute, storage and networking, offered as a service by a cloud service provider on demand to its customers (equivalently tenants). IaaS is a fast-maturing cloud service model today where tenants are strictly isolated from each other. With the prominence of IaaS as the next generation model for outsourcing IT infrastructure, we believe there is a need to facilitate secure sharing between tenants for various reasons such joint cyber incident response, catalyzing productivity, etc. In this paper, we investigate various models for information and resource sharing between tenants in an IaaS cloud. The models facilitate a tenant to share its IT resources with other tenants in a controlled manner. One motivation for sharing resources is for cyber incident response. We formally specify operational and administrative models for sharing and discuss enforcement and implementation issues in the widely-deployed OpenStack platform, the de facto open-source cloud IaaS software.
Four New Antibacterial Sesterterpenes from a Marine Sponge of the Genus Luffariella (1992)

The structures of four new sesterterpenoid compounds 1-4 isolated from a marine sponge of the genus Luffariella, collected from The Great Barrier Reef, Australia, have been determined by analysis of their 1H-nmr, 13C-nmr, ir, uv, and eims spectral data. The new metabolites 1-4 were found to co-occur with the compounds manoalide, secomanoalide, Z-neomanolaide [5], and E-neomanoalide.
Optimizing Handover Parameters by Q-Learning for Heterogeneous Radio-Optical Networks (2019)

Existing literature studying the access point (AP)-user association problem of heterogeneous radio-optical networks either investigates quasi-static network selection or only considers vertical handover (VHO) dwell time from optical to radio. The quasi-static assumption can result in outdated decisions for highly mobile scenarios. Solely focusing on the optical to radio handover ignores the importance of dwell time for VHO from radio to optical. In this paper, we propose a flexible and holistic framework, that runs a self-optimizing algorithm at the centralized coordinator (CC). This CC resides in the LTE eNodeB and controls the handover parameters of all the visible light communication (VLC) APs under the coverage of the LTE eNodeB. Based on Q-learning approach, the algorithm optimizes the time-to-trigger (TTT) values for VHO between LTE and VLC. Case studies are performed to validate the considerable gain in terms of average throughput by optimizing TTTs. We evaluate the impact of learning parameters on the optimal throughput and convergence speed through trace-driven simulations. The simulation results reveal that the Q-learning based algorithm improves the average throughput of mobile device by 25% when compared to the fixed TTT scheme. Furthermore, this algorithm is capable of self-optimizing handover parameters in an online manner.
Reduction in reflection-induced chirp from photonic integrated sources (2002)

Previously electroabsorption modulated lasers (EMLs) have been demonstrated using source lasers with grating strengths of two or less (k/sub r/L /spl les/ 2.0). Spatial holeburning was believed to limit the magnitude of the optimal grating strength. However, those standard-grating-strength lasers are sensitive to reflections from modulator output facet, integrated amplifiers, combiners, fiber tip, etc. and are a barrier to making integrated modules for long-span transmission. EMLs having record-strength (K/sub r/L > 6) gratings are fabricated. Output power >9.5 dBm, sidemode suppression ratio beyond 50 dB, single-mode yield >60% at high power, and power penalty <0.3 dB at 10 Gb/s for 75 km of fiber are demonstrated.
Contributions of the Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>‐ATPase, NKCC1, and Kir4.1 to hippocampal K<sup>+</sup> clearance and volume responses (2014)

Network activity in the brain is associated with a transient increase in extracellular K(+) concentration. The excess K(+) is removed from the extracellular space by mechanisms proposed to involve Kir4.1-mediated spatial buffering, the Na(+)/K(+)/2Cl(-) cotransporter 1 (NKCC1), and/or Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activity. Their individual contribution to [K(+)]o management has been of extended controversy. This study aimed, by several complementary approaches, to delineate the transport characteristics of Kir4.1, NKCC1, and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase and to resolve their involvement in clearance of extracellular K(+) transients. Primary cultures of rat astrocytes displayed robust NKCC1 activity with [K(+)]o increases above basal levels. Increased [K(+)]o produced NKCC1-mediated swelling of cultured astrocytes and NKCC1 could thereby potentially act as a mechanism of K(+) clearance while concomitantly mediate the associated shrinkage of the extracellular space. In rat hippocampal slices, inhibition of NKCC1 failed to affect the rate of K(+) removal from the extracellular space while Kir4.1 enacted its spatial buffering only during a local [K(+)]o increase. In contrast, inhibition of the different isoforms of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase reduced post-stimulus clearance of K(+) transients. The astrocyte-characteristic α2β2 subunit composition of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, when expressed in Xenopus oocytes, displayed a K(+) affinity and voltage-sensitivity that would render this subunit composition specifically geared for controlling [K(+)]o during neuronal activity. In rat hippocampal slices, simultaneous measurements of the extracellular space volume revealed that neither Kir4.1, NKCC1, nor Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase accounted for the stimulus-induced shrinkage of the extracellular space. Thus, NKCC1 plays no role in activity-induced extracellular K(+) recovery in native hippocampal tissue while Kir4.1 and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase serve temporally distinct roles.
A New Level Shifter with Low Power in Multi-Voltage System (2006)

A new level shifter used in multiple voltage digital circuits is presented. It combines the merit of conventional level shifter and single supply level shifter, which can shifter any voltage level signal to a desired higher level with low leakage current. The circuits was designed in 180nm CMOS technology and simulated in SPICE. The simulation results showed that the proposed level shifter circuit has 36% leakage power dissipation reduction compared to the conventional level shifter
Saline irrigation for allergic rhinitis (2018)

Saline irrigation may reduce patient-reported disease severity compared with no saline irrigation at up to three months in both adults and children with allergic rhinitis, with no reported adverse effects. No data were available for any outcomes beyond three months. The overall quality of evidence was low or very low. The included studies were generally small and used a range of different outcome measures to report disease severity scores, with unclear validation. This review did not include direct comparisons of saline types (e.g. different volume, tonicity).Since saline irrigation could provide a cheap, safe and acceptable alternative to intranasal steroids and antihistamines further high-quality, adequately powered research in this area is warranted.
A Joint Codebook Design for Beamforming Systems with Transmit Antenna Selection (2011)

This paper proposes a codebook design that considers transmit antenna selection and beamforming simultaneously. Under the same amount of feedback bits, the proposed codebook can reduce the number of RF units more than half while its performance is still maintained closely (within 0.1 dB loss) to the codebook designs that use all transmit antennas. Since RF units are expensive, the proposed codebook can greatly reduce the hardware implementational cost with slight performance degradation. Moreover, we analyze the proposed codebook and derive a lower bound of symbol error rate (SER). The derived SER lower bound generally matches the simulation results. Simulation results show the proposed codebook with around half active transmit antennas performs comparable to the Lloyd codebook design with full active antennas.
Finely-tuned Blue-phosphorescent Iridium Complexes Based on 2-Phenylpyridine Derivatives and Application to Polymer Organic Light-emitting Device (2006)

Abstract We have developed new blue-phosphorescent iridium complexes based on 2-phenylpyridine derivatives with pertinent substituents and an ancillary ligand to accomplish selective tuning of the HOMO and LUMO levels toward high energy gap: A polymer light-emitting device doped with the blue phosphor was fabricated to show blue emission.
An 8-bit microflow controller using pneumatically-actuated microvalves [for semiconductor process gases] (1999)

This paper reports a pneumatically actuated, integrated 8-bit mass microflow controller (/spl mu/FC) that utilizes silicon microvalves. It is intended for the precision control of semiconductor process gases in the range from 0.1 to 10 sccm. The structure was designed to be batch-fabricated and compatible with on-chip thermopneumatic actuation. Assembled /spl mu/FC devices operate over a flow range of 0.5-10 sccm at 16 psid (800 torr). The valves alone may achieve significantly higher flow rates. Valve leak rates are as low as 10/sup -3/ sccm under 26 psig actuation pressure. Depositing parylene on the microvalves further improves leak rates by a factor as great as 3.5. This lays the foundation for a precision 0.1-10 sccm microflow controller for process gases, as well as a reliable silicon microvalve for other applications.
How artificial intelligence will affect the practice of law (2018)

Artificial intelligence is exerting an influence on all professions and industries. We have autonomous vehicles, instantaneous translation among the world’s leading languages, and search engines that rapidly locate information anywhere on the web in a way that is tailored to a user’s interests and past search history. Law is not immune from disruption by new technology. Software tools are beginning to affect various aspects of lawyers’ work, including those tasks that historically relied upon expert human judgment, such as predicting court outcomes. These new software tools present new challenges and new opportunities. In the short run, we can expect greater legal transparency, more efficient dispute resolution, improved access to justice, and new challenges to the traditional organization of private law firms delivering legal services on a billable hour basis through a leveraged partner-associate model. With new technology, lawyers will be empowered to work more efficiently, deepen and broaden their areas of expertise, and provide more value to clients. These developments will predictably transform both how lawyers do legal work and resolve disputes on behalf of their clients. In the longer term, it is difficult to predict what the impact of artificially intelligent tools will be, as lawyers incorporate them into their practice and expand their range of services on behalf of clients.
Self-Assembly of a Quinobenzoxazine-Mg2+ Complex on DNA: A New Paradigm for the Structure of a Drug-DNA Complex and Implications for the Structure of the Quinolone Bacterial Gyrase-DNA Complex (1995)

The quinobenzoxazine compounds A-62176 and A-85226 belong to a novel class of antineoplastic agents that are catalytic inhibitors of topoisomerase II and also structural analogs of the antibacterial DNA gyrase inhibitor Norfloxacin. In vitro studies have shown that their antineoplastic activity is dependent upon the presence of divalent metal ions such as Mg2+ and Mn2+, although the precise role of these ions in the mechanism of action is unknown. In this study we have investigated the structures of the binary complex between the quinobenzoxazines and Mg2+ and the ternary complex between quinobenzoxazine-Mg2+ and DNA. The stoichiometry of the binary and ternary complexes and the biophysical studies suggest that a 2:2 drug:Mg2+ complex forms a "heterodimer complex" with respect to DNA in which one drug molecule is intercalated into DNA and the second drug molecule is externally bound, held to the first molecule by two Mg2+ bridges, which themselves are chelated to phosphates on DNA. There is a cooperativity in binding of the quinobenzoxazines to DNA, and a 4:4 drug:Mg2+ complex is proposed in which the two externally bound molecules from two different 2:2 dimers interact via pi-pi interactions. The externally bound quinobenzoxazine molecules can be replaced by the quinolone antibacterial compound Norfloxacin to form mixed-structure dimers on DNA. Based upon the proposed model for the 2:2 quinobenzoxazine:Mg2+ complex on DNA, a parallel model for the antibacterial quinolone-Mg2(+)-DNA gyrase complex is proposed that relies upon the ATP-fueled unwinding of DNA by gyrase downstream of the cleavable complex site. These models, which have analogies to leucine zippers, represent a new paradigm for the structure of drug-DNA complexes. In addition, these models have important implications for the design of new gyrase and topoisomerase II inhibitors, in that optimization for structure-activity relationships should be carried out on two different quinolone molecules rather than a single molecule.
Motor Vehicle Fatalities among Men in the U.S. Army from 1980 to 1997 (2004)

This retrospective cohort study compared trends in motor vehicle occupant fatalities among men in the Army with men in the civilian U.S. population. Motor vehicle fatality rates from 1980 to 1997 indicated both groups showed declines in fatality rates. The overall age-adjusted motor vehicle fatality rate for 17- to 44-year-old males in the Army fell from 40.8 to 20.6 per 100,000, a 49.5% decline. In the U.S. population, the rate dropped from 38.1 to 23.3 per 100,000 for a 38.8% decline. Deaths from motor vehicle crashes fell by almost 50% in the Army during the study period; however, motor vehicle crashes remain the leading cause of death for the Army. U.S. military policies and law enforcement have the potential to make even further gains in reducing motor vehicle crashes and injuries among military personnel.
Fatigue and Damage in Structural Materials Studied by X-Ray Tomography (2012)

This paper reviews progress using X-ray computed tomography to study damage accumulation. Since its introduction, X-ray microtomography has been used to diagnose the presence of damage. In this review, a wide range of damage-accumulation mechanisms are covered including cavitation, fracture, microcracking, fatigue cracking, and stress corrosion cracking. In this regard, the advantages of attenuation and phase contrast imaging are discussed. This review includes both measurements of damage accumulation, taken postmortem, and the incremental monitoring of damage-accumulation processes during life (sometimes termed four-dimensional tomography). In addition to the qualitative diagnostic studies, the quantitative analysis of tomography images to extract key failure parameters is examined.
Full-reference video quality assessment considering structural distortion and no-reference quality evaluation of MPEG video (2003)

There has been an increasing need recently to develop objective quality measurement techniques that can predict perceived video quality automatically. This paper introduces two video quality assessment models. The first one requires the original video as a reference and is a structural distortion measurement based approach, which is different from traditional error sensitivity based methods. Experiments on the video quality experts group (VQEG) test data set show that the new quality measure has higher correlation with subjective quality evaluation than the proposed methods in VQEG's Phase I tests for full-reference video quality assessment. The second model is designed for quality estimation of compressed MPEG video stream without referring to the original video sequence. Preliminary experimental results show that it correlates well with our full-reference quality assessment model.
Role of the Simian Virus 5 Fusion Protein N-Terminal Coiled-Coil Domain in Folding and Promotion of Membrane Fusion (2005)

Formation of a six-helix bundle comprised of three C-terminal heptad repeat regions in antiparallel orientation in the grooves of an N-terminal coiled-coil is critical for promotion of membrane fusion by paramyxovirus fusion (F) proteins. We have examined the effect of mutations in four residues of the N-terminal heptad repeat in the simian virus 5 (SV5) F protein on protein folding, transport, and fusogenic activity. The residues chosen have previously been shown from study of isolated peptides to have differing effects on stability of the N-terminal coiled-coil and six-helix bundle (R. E. Dutch, G. P. Leser, and R. A. Lamb, Virology 254:147-159, 1999). The mutant V154M showed reduced proteolytic cleavage and surface expression, indicating a defect in intracellular transport, though this mutation had no effect when studied in isolated peptides. The mutation I137M, previously shown to lower thermostability of the six-helix bundle, resulted in an F protein which was properly processed and transported to the cell surface but which had reduced fusogenic activity. Finally, mutations at L140M and L161M, previously shown to disrupt alpha-helix formation of isolated N-1 peptides but not to affect six-helix bundle formation, resulted in F proteins that were properly processed. Interestingly, the L161M mutant showed increased syncytium formation and promoted fusion at lower temperatures than the wild-type F protein. These results indicate that interactions separate from formation of an N-terminal coiled-coil or six-helix bundle are important in the initial folding and transport of the SV5 F protein and that mutations that destabilize the N-terminal coiled-coil can result in stimulation of membrane fusion.
Salvage chemotherapy with mini-BEAM for relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's disease prior to autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. (1999)

Mini-BEAM is an effective salvage regimen with moderate toxicity that may be useful for cytoreduction prior to stem cell procedures.
A novel approach to encouraging proper fatigue management in british army aviation training and operations (2005)

Abstract Fatigue management in military aviation remains problematic and can be easily neglected by planners and aircrew in a busy operational environment. The basic assessment tool (BAT) is an objective and educational computer tool for evaluating and combining various fatigue factors. It provides an impartial performance comparison while at the same time educating and reminding its users of the importance of fatigue management. Individual factors of the BAT were chosen because they affect fatigue, sleepiness, alertness and performance. A short explanation of components not chosen is also included. An example of how the BAT can be used is described and figures of the resulting outputs (screenshots) are included. Most commercial fatigue estimation products are subjective and do not consider specific issues associated with tactical operations in a field environment. This novel approach can be used to help plan missions by minimizing the BAT score while still maximising the tactical advantage and keeping fatigue management fresh in the minds of military rotary wing pilots while in training and on operations. Although the BAT is military aviation focused and objective, it can be easily modified to suit particular fatigue concerns.
Real-time traffic sign recognition using spatially weighted HOG trees (2011)

Traffic sign recognition is one of the main components of a Driver Assistance System (DAS). This paper presents a real-time traffic sign recognition system. It consists of three stages: 1) an image segmentation using red color enhancement to reduce the search space, 2) a HOG-based Support Vector Machine (SVM) detection to extract the traffic signs, and 3) a tree classifier (K-d tree or Random Forests) to identify the signs found. This methodology is tested on images under bad weather conditions and poor illumination. The tree classifiers achieve high classification rates for the German Traffic Sign Recognition Benchmark and the ETH 80 dataset. The K-d tree classification is improved by introducing a Gaussian spatial weighting to favor the interior blocks of the HOG descriptors.
Robotic Strategies to Assist Pilots in Landing and Takeoff of Helicopters on Ships and Offshore (2010)

Several solution strategies have been proposed to assist helicopter pilots en offshore\noperations (landing and taking off). These strategies are in general based on measurement,\nmathematical models and computational simulation.\nA testbed based on Stewart-Gough platform has been used, built and tested as helicopter\ndeck. It was observed through computational simulation and experimental test that the\nactive helideck is able to compensate the simulated movement provided by the sea to a ship\nor off-shore structure in order to ease helicopter landing and take-off maneuvers,\nconsidering a big enough ship with inertial frame properties.\nFor the testbed, a simulation analysis has determined the most suitable height of the AH end\neffector. This is next to the minimum height required to allow compensation of the\nmovement.\nThe Stewart-Gough platform used in this study can still be improved with a larger base\ndiameter so that the desired helideck angles and height could be attained. However, active\nhelideck inertia due the ship platform motion could decrease.\nA dimensional analysis for ship mass/inertia could be done in order to closely simulate a\nreal ship's behavior.
EXDAFS-an Expert System for Dynamic Allocation of Facilities at Stations (2002)

EXDAFS is a rule-based system designed to facilitate the allocation of facilities to trains arriving and/or departing from a railway station. EXDAFS develops a static allocation for all trains, referred to as the master berthing chart, based on the train schedules and their berthing requirements. However, the trains get delayed due to unavoidable circumstances causing deviations from the normal schedule, thereby necessitating a dynamic reassignment of the facilities. A technique based on transformational synthesis to control the computational complexity of the reassignment process has been devised and implemented. This requires the problem to be decomposed into subtasks, which can be solved independently and then synthesized into a final solution. The system takes decisions globally in a real-time environment. EXDAFS has an explanation capability which provides a better understanding of its reasoning directions. This, along with a visual capability and interaction through a user-friendly interface, results in increased user acceptance of the system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Carbon quantum dots/TiO2 composites for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (2013)

Carbon quantum dots modified P25 TiO2 composites (CQDs/P25) with a “dyade”-like structure were prepared via a facile one-step hydrothermal reaction. CQDs/P25 exhibited improved photocatalytic H2 evolution under UV-Vis and visible light (λ > 450 nm) irradiation without loading any noble metal cocatalyst, compared to pure P25. A possible mechanism of the photocatalytic H2 production activity over CQDs/P25 was proposed based on detailed measurements of the transient photocurrent response, surface photovoltage and hydroxyl radicals. CQDs play dual roles on the improved photocatalytic activity of CQDs/P25. Under UV-Vis light irradiation CQDs act as an electron reservoir to improve the efficient separation of the photoinduced electron–hole pairs of P25. However, under visible light irradiation CQDs act as a photosensitizer to sensitize P25 into a visible light response “dyade” structure for H2 evolution.