gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The o-phthalaldehyde derivatives of amines for high-speed liquid chromatography/electrochemistry (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe o-phthalaldehyde derivatives of amines for high-speed liquid chromatography/electrochemistryLaura A. Allison, Ginny S. Mayer, and Ronald E. ShoupCite this: Anal. Chem. 1984, 56, 7, 1089–1096Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00271a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00271a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views758Altmetric-Citations207LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Biotechnology and Biodegradation (1990)

Biotechnology and biodegradation , Biotechnology and biodegradation , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Review of UCN‐01 Development: A Lesson in the Importance of Clinical Pharmacology (2005)

UCN-01 is a protein kinase inhibitor under development as a novel anticancer drug. The initial pharmacologic features in patients were not predicted from preclinical experiments. The distribution volume and the systemic clearance were much lower than those in experimental animals (mice, rats, and dogs), and the elimination half-life was unusually long (>200 hours). The unbound fraction in human plasma was also much smaller than that in dogs, rats and mice, as was the binding of UCN-01 to human alpha-1 acid glycoprotein much stronger than that to human serum albumin or human gamma-globulin. The association constants for alpha-1 acid glycoprotein and human plasma were approximately 8 x 10(8)(mol/L)(-1), indicating extremely high affinity. In this review article, the authors discuss the pharmacologic features of UCN-01 across species and provide a perspective on how this information could be applied prospectively to the future development of this agent.
Vector-adaptive vector quantization with application to speech coding (1991)

A vector-adaptive vector quantization (VAVQ) scheme, which may be viewed as a generalization of gain-adaptive vector quantization, is described. The proposed scheme adjusts each component of the encoding signal vector according to a statistical estimate of the signal characteristics. The VAVQ scheme can cope with large input dynamic ranges. It can be used in either the time domain or the transform domain, and exhibits approximately 4 dB improvement in segmental signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) over the fixed VQ.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Intra-cavity-modulated swept-lasers for "real-time" dispersion measurement (2003)

We have demonstrated a novel intra-cavity-modulated swept-laser (ICM-SL) for real-time dispersion measurement over a broad bandwidth. It is capable of simultaneous measurement of both the amplitude and dispersion at a record scan speed of 22 Hz over 50 nm with an effective sweep rate of 2200 nm/s. Because of the continuous-scan nature of the system, the measurement provides an analog output which is not sampling-point limited. Real-time measurement of amplitude and dispersion spectra could potentially be very useful for fast device characterization, and online monitoring during device fabrication. Furthermore, with a real-time measuring capability, it is also possible to incorporate a feedback process during device fabrication to enhance process flexibility and device performance.
Substrate radiation losses in GaAs heterostructure lasers (1976)

Double-heterostructure (DH) diode lasers with a thin Ga <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</inf> Al <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> As layer between the active GaAs region and the GaAs substrate or superstrate are analyzed. In these devices power flows through the thin Ga <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</inf> Al <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> As layer and is radiated into the substrate or superstrate. Three methods for computing the laser thresholds are developed and compared. The first is an analytic perturbation technique, which yields accurate results in many cases of practical interest. The second and third are rapidly convergent numerical iteration techniques. The former utilizes overlap integrals to compute absorption losses and thresholds; the latter includes all losses and gains directly in the formulation. We show that conventional DH diode lasers can be designed with thick active GaAs layers and still achieve lowest order TE-mode operation. These devices will produce better collimated, higher power output beams than do similar devices with thinner active regions. Transverse-mode control is achieved because all higher order modes have increased penetration through the thin Ga <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</inf> Al <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> As , and therefore exhibit inereased radiation losses into the substrate or superstrate. A design example is included in which it is shown that with proper choice of the Ga <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</inf> Al <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> As-layer thickness the TE <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</inf> -mode threshold increases by 5 percent compared with a 110-percent increase in the TE <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</inf> threshold. These results are virtually independent of the substrate power-absorption coefficient. Threshold current densities are computed for a set of diodes studied experimentally by Casey and Panish and the results are shown to be in excellent agreement.
Prediction of embryo implantation potential by mass spectrometry fingerprinting of the culture medium (2013)

This study has evaluated the performance of a multivariate statistical model to predict embryo implantation potential by processing data from the chemical fingerprinting of culture medium samples used for human embryo culture. The culture medium for 113 embryos from 55 patients undergoing ICSI was collected after embryo transfer. The samples were split into positive (n=29) and negative (n=84) implantation groups according their implantation outcomes (100% or 0% implantation). The samples were individually diluted and analyzed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The m/z ratios and relative abundances of the major ions in each spectrum were considered for partial least square discriminant analysis. Data were divided into two subsets (calibration and validation), and the models were evaluated and applied to the validation set. A total of 5987 ions were observed in the groups. The multivariate statistical model described more than 82% of the data variability. Samples of the positive group were correctly identified with 100% probability and negative samples with 70%. The culture media used for embryos that were positive or negative for successful implantation showed specific biochemical signatures that could be detected in a fast, simple, and noninvasive way by ESI-MS. To our knowledge, this is the first report that uses MS fingerprinting to predict human embryo implantation potential. This biochemical profile could help the selection of the most viable embryo, improving single-embryo transfer and thus eliminating the risk and undesirable outcomes of multiple pregnancies.
Triarylmethane Dyes for Artificial Repellent Cotton Fibers (2017)

Families of new hydrophobic and/or oleophobic triarylmethane dyes possessing long hydrocarbon or polyfluorinated chains have been prepared. When covalently grafted on to cotton fabric, these dyes give rise to a new type of colored superhydrophobic fibers.
Effect of bezafibrate on incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in obese patients (2005)

Bezafibrate, when compared with placebo, reduced the incidence and delayed the onset of type 2 diabetes in obese patients over a long-term follow-up period.
A Simple and Efficient Federated Recommender System (2019)

Federated Learning (FL) is recently explored as a machine learning paradigm to communally gain generalizable knowledge from the data available in a collection of edge devices without the requirement to transfer the data. FL gives rise to the opportunity to train models on edge devices while preserving user's privacy as the data never leaves user's premises. In this paper, we introduce a simple yet efficient extension of FL for recommender systems to improve on personalization and discuss closely-related meta-learning algorithms. Compared to state-of-the-art federated recommenders, our proposed algorithm is simpler and more robust in real-life scenarios. Through experiments on benchmark data, we evaluate our algorithm in root mean squared error (RMSE) of user's rating prediction.
A Novel Actuated Composite Tape-Spring for Deployable Structures (2004)

This paper presents a novel composite tape-spring that is suitable for use as a structural element of deployable space structures.The tape-spring uses a combination of material orthotropy and prestress to achieve the unique property known as neutral stability.A consequence of this property is that the tape-springs can be partially rolled and they neither want to unroll or rollup.Previously investigated composite tape-springs always proceed towards their manufactured geometry once the rolling process has been started.This paper documents a procedure to fabricate neutrally stable tape-springs.An analysis methodology is presented that predicts neutral stability in appropriately prestressed laminates.The analysis predictions are shown to agree with observations.Finally, the ability of neutrally stable tape-springs to undergo large elastic deformations with diminishingly small forces is exploited in the development of actuated tape-springs.Analytical and experimental results are presented.
A 40-MHz Double Differential-Pair CMOS OTA With $-{\hbox{60-dB}}$ IM3 (2008)

A configuration of a linearized operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) for low-voltage and high-frequency applications is proposed. By using double pseudodifferential pairs and the source-degeneration structure under nano-scale CMOS technology, the nonlinearity caused by short channel effect from a small feature size can be minimized. A robust common-mode control system is designed for input and output common-mode stability and thus reduces distortion caused b y common-mode voltage variation. Tuning ability can be achieved by using MOS transistors in the linear region. The linearity of the OTA is about third-order inter-modulation (IM3) distortion for up to 0.9 at 40 MHz. This OTA was fabricated by the TSMC 180-nm deep n-well CMOS process. It occupies a small area of 15.1 x 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and the power consumption is 9.5 mW under a 1.5-V supply voltage.
Effects of Chronic Exposure to Crack Cocaine on the Respiratory Tract of Mice (2009)

Smoked cocaine (crack cocaine) causes several forms of injury to the respiratory tract, including asthma exacerbations, lung edema and hemorrhage, and nasal mucosal alterations. Few studies, however, have assessed respiratory tract pathology in habitual users of crack cocaine. Here, we describe the histological alterations in the respiratory tract of mice caused by chronic inhalation of crack cocaine. Twenty 2-month-old BALB/c mice were exposed to the smoke of 5 g crack cocaine in an inhalation chamber once a day for two months and compared to controls (n = 10). We then morphometrically analyzed nose and bronchiolar epithelial alterations, bronchiolar and alveolar macrophage cell density, alveolar hemosiderin content, and in addition determined the vasoconstriction index and the wall thickness of pulmonary arteries. The serum cocaine level was 212.5 ng/mL after a single inhalation. The mucus content of the nasal epithelium increased in crack-exposed animals, and the nasal and bronchial epithelium thickness decreased significantly. The alveolar hemosiderin content and the alveolar and bronchiolar macrophage cell density increased in animals exposed to crack. The vasoconstriction index increased in the pulmonary arteries of the exposed group. Chronic crack cocaine inhalation causes extensive histological changes along the entire respiratory tract.
Effects of repeated treatment with fluoxetine and citalopram, 5-HT uptake inhibitors, on 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 receptors in the rat brain. (1994)

Repeated treatment with fluoxetine and citalopram, which are potent 5-HT reuptake inhibitors, resulted in different regulation of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 receptors in the rat brain. Their effects were compared with those of other antidepressants: imipramine, mianserin and levoprotiline. The density of 5-HT1A receptors, labelled with [3H]8-OH-DPAT, in the rat hippocampus was enhanced after citalopram, imipramine, mianserin and levoprotiline, but not altered after fluoxetine administration. [3H]Ketanserin binding sites, which label 5-HT2 receptors, were increased after fluoxetine and levoprotiline, but decreased after citalopram, imipramine and mianserin in the rat cerebral cortex. Acute administration of fluoxetine, but not citalopram, resulted in a decreased density of 5-HT1A receptors. 5-HT2 receptors were not changed by acute administration of either fluoxetine or citalopram. The obtained results indicate that besides 5-HT reuptake inhibiting properties of both compounds, there may exist an additional mechanism(s) of their action, which leads to different regulation of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 receptors.
Single-step capture and sequencing of natural DNA for detection of <i>BRCA1</i> mutations (2011)

Genetic testing for disease risk is an increasingly important component of medical care. However, testing can be expensive, which can lead to patients and physicians having limited access to the genetic information needed for medical decisions. To simplify DNA sample preparation and lower costs, we have developed a system in which any gene can be captured and sequenced directly from human genomic DNA without amplification, using no proteins or enzymes prior to sequencing. Extracted whole-genome DNA is acoustically sheared and loaded in a flow cell channel for single-molecule sequencing. Gene isolation, amplification, or ligation is not necessary. Accurate and low-cost detection of DNA sequence variants is demonstrated for the BRCA1 gene. Disease-causing mutations as well as common variants from well-characterized samples are identified. Single-molecule sequencing generates very reproducible coverage patterns, and these can be used to detect any size insertion or deletion directly, unlike PCR-based methods, which require additional assays. Because no gene isolation or amplification is required for sequencing, the exceptionally low costs of sample preparation and analysis could make genetic tests more accessible to those who wish to know their own disease susceptibility. Additionally, this approach has applications for sequencing integration sites for gene therapy vectors, transposons, retroviruses, and other mobile DNA elements in a more facile manner than possible with other methods.
Diurnal Variations in Axial Length, Choroidal Thickness, Intraocular Pressure, and Ocular Biometrics (2011)

Significant diurnal variations in AL, choroidal thickness, and IOP were consistently observed over 2 consecutive days of testing.
Accumulation of 1-trans-2,3-epoxysuccinic acid and succinic acid by Paecilomyces varioti (1978)

The biogenic acids 1-trans-2,3-epoxysuccinic acid and succinic acid accumulate in decationized refiner's blackstrap molasses shake cultures of Paecilomyces varioti Bainier. The maximum accumulation of 1-trans-2,3-epoxysuccinic acid occurred in a medium which contained Cu2+ and Fe3+ at concentrations of 1.0 and 2.0 mM, respectively. The maximum accumulation of succinic acid occurred in a culture medium which contained Cu2+ at a concentration of 0.01 mM and Fe3+ at a concentration of 1.0 mM.
Enigmatic bird flu strain races across the U.S. Midwest (2015)

Virologists baffled by the potent strain's continued spread as more than 30 million poultry hit.
New insights into polycystic kidney disease and its treatment (1998)

Major advances in the understanding of the genetics and pathogenesis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease have occurred within the past year. The proteins encoded by the PKD1 and PKD2 genes, polycystin 1 and polycystin 2, are membrane proteins, capable of interacting physically in vitro, and are likely components of a complex signalling pathway. The majority of PKD1 and PKD2 mutations so far identified are unique inactivating mutations dispersed over the entire genes. Immunohistochemical studies have shown that polycystin 1 and polycystin 2 are developmentally regulated and are overexpressed in polycystic kidneys. The cysts probably result from clonal expansions of single cells. The demonstration of loss of heterozygosity for PKD1 and the absence of immunoreactive polycystin 1 in approximately 20% of the cysts supports a two-hit tumor suppressor gene model of cystogenesis. Regardless of the nature of the initial pathogenic mechanism, the cysts in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease are accompanied by partial dedifferentiation of the epithelial cells, disregulation of epithelial cell proliferation, expression of a secretory phenotype, and disarray of cell matrix interactions which leads to interstitial inflammation and matrix accumulation. Recent observations in animal models of inherited polycystic kidney disease have implicated oxidative stress in its pathogenesis. These downstream pathogenetic events have been targeted for intervention, and an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that the course of polycystic kidney disease in rodents can be altered by environmental and pharmacological interventions. Nevertheless, these experimental observations cannot be extrapolated to human autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. The recent generation of mice with PKD1 or PKD2 targeted mutations will help to bridge this gap.
Hearing, communication and cognition in low-frequency noise from armoured vehicles (2007)

An experiment was performed to study auditory perception and cognitive function in the presence of low-frequency dominant armoured vehicle noise (LAV III). Thirty-six normal hearing subjects were assigned to one of three noise backgrounds: Quiet, pink noise and vehicle noise. The pink and vehicle noise were presented at 80 dBA. Each subject performed an auditory detection test, modified rhyme test (MRT) and cognitive test battery for three different ear conditions: Unoccluded and fitted with an active noise reduction (ANR) headset in passive and ANR modes. Auditory detection was measured at six 1/3 octave band frequencies from 0.25 to 8 kHz. The cognitive test battery consisted of two subjective questionnaires and five performance tasks. The earmuff, both in the conventional and ANR modes, did not significantly affect detection thresholds at any frequency in the pink and vehicle noise backgrounds. For the MRT, there were no significant differences between the speech levels required for 60% correct responses for three ear conditions in the pink and vehicle noise backgrounds. A small but significant (4 dB) increase in speech level was required in pink noise as compared to vehicle noise. For the serial reaction time task, the mean response time in the vehicle noise background (751 ms) was significantly higher than in pink noise and quiet (709 and 651 ms, respectively). The mean response time in the pink noise background was also significantly higher than in quiet. Thus, the presence of noise, especially low-frequency noise, had a negative effect on reaction time.
Silencing of solute carrier family 13 member 5 disrupts energy homeostasis and inhibits proliferation of human hepatocarcinoma cells (2017)

The solute carrier family 13 member 5 (SLC13A5), a sodium-coupled citrate transporter, plays a key role in importing citrate from the circulation into liver cells. Recent evidence has revealed that SLC13A5 deletion protects mice from high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and that mutation of the SLC13A5 orthologues in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> and <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> promotes longevity. However, despite the emerging importance of SLC13A5 in energy homeostasis, whether perturbation of SLC13A5 affects the metabolism and malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma is unknown. Here, we sought to determine whether SLC13A5 regulates hepatic energy homeostasis and proliferation of hepatoma cells. RNAi-mediated silencing of SLC13A5 expression in two human hepatoma cell lines, HepG2 and Huh7, profoundly suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation, and induced cell cycle arrest accompanied by increased expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 and decreased expression of cyclin B1. Furthermore, such suppressive effects were also observed on the growth of HepG2 cell-derived xenografts expressing SLC13A5-shRNA in nude mice. Metabolically, knockdown of SLC13A5 in HepG2 and Huh7 cells was associated with a decrease in intracellular levels of citrate, the ratio of ATP/ADP, phospholipid content, and ATP citrate lyase expression. Moreover, both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> assays demonstrated that SLC13A5 depletion promotes activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase, which was accompanied by deactivation of oncogenic mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling. Together, our findings expand the role of SLC13A5 from facilitating hepatic energy homeostasis to influencing hepatoma cell proliferation and suggest a potential role of SLC13A5 in the progression of human hepatocellular carcinoma.
Contribution of Compound Eyes and Ocelli to Steering of Locusts in Flight (1981)

ABSTRACT Locusts (Orthoptera, Acrididae) were tethered inside a simulated horizon visual display. Rotation of the horizon elicited following motions of the animal’s head and rudderlike movements during flight. Head and steering motions were still elicited after either the compound eyes or the ocelli were surgically ablated. Head motions after ocellar cautery suggested that the ocelli may function synergistically with the compound eyes to (a) minimize the delay of visual responses and (b) augment visual responses when no sharp horizontal border is present. Flight steering motions were found not to depend on proprioception of head position. Three other species (Diptera and Odonata) also followed horizon rotations with head motion after their compound eyes had been ablated.