gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Desktop binding: a novel approach to booklet making hardware (2006)

A low cost method and device for creating saddle stitch bound booklet documents is described. The device allows saddle stitch bound documents to be made using a unique low force method that avoids the issues and limitations found in commercial booklet making hardware. Typical commercial devices use high force industrial equipment that are physically bulky, unsafe, and expensive. The approach detailed here utilizes precision, light force, sheet-wise operations on individual sheets of paper to produce saddle stitch booklets, leveraging knowledge in precision paper handling and positioning. This method facilitates bound document creation with hardware that is compatible with common desktop and workgroup printer's sheet-at-a-time printing processes, but at a fraction of the cost of comparable commercial binding hardware. This platform enables the final part of the promise of desktop publishing.
High power impulse magnetron sputtering: Current-voltage-time characteristics indicate the onset of sustained self-sputtering (2007)

The commonly used current-voltage characteristics are found inadequate for describing the pulsed nature of the high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HIPIMS) discharge; rather, the description needs to be expanded to current-voltage-time characteristics for each initial gas pressure. Using different target materials (Cu, Ti, Nb, C, W, Al, and Cr) and a pulsed constant-voltage supply, it is shown that the HIPIMS discharges typically exhibit an initial pressure dependent current peak followed by a second phase that is power and material dependent. This suggests that the initial phase of a HIPIMS discharge pulse is dominated by gas ions, whereas the later phase has a strong contribution from self-sputtering. For some materials, the discharge switches into a mode of sustained self-sputtering. The very large differences between materials cannot be ascribed to the different sputter yields but they indicate that generation and trapping of secondary electrons play a major role for current-voltage-time characteristics. In particular, it is argued that the sustained self-sputtering phase is associated with the generation of multiply charged ions because only they can cause potential emission of secondary electrons, whereas the yield caused by singly charged metal ions is negligibly small.
Measurement of bone mineral density in space (2002)

The purpose of the Advanced Multiple Projection Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (AMPDXA) Scanning System project is to design, build, and test a precision scanner system for monitoring the deleterious effects of weightlessness on the human musculoskeletal system during prolonged spaceflight. The instrument uses dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) principles and is designed to measure bone mineral density (BMD), decompose soft tissue into fat and muscle, and derive structural properties (cross-sections, moments of inertia). Such data permits assessment of microgravity effects on bone and muscle and the associated fracture risk upon returning to planetary gravity levels. Multiple projections, coupled with axial translation, provide three-dimensional geometric properties suitable for accurate structural analysis. This structural analysis, coupled with bone models and estimated loads, defines the fracture risk. The scanner will be designed to minimize volume and mass (46-kg goal), while maintaining the required mechanical stability for high-precision measurement. The AMPDXA will be able to detect changes less than 1% in bone mass and geometry and changes less than 5% in muscle mass.
A hookworm glycoprotein that inhibits neutrophil function is a ligand of the integrin CD11b/CD18 (1994)

The chronic survival of many endoparasites is dependent on the ability of these organisms to escape the host immune response. Identification of the molecular mechanisms by which these organisms evade this response may yield novel approaches in the development of anti-inflammatory agents. We describe here the discovery and characterization of a novel 41-kilodalton glycoprotein from the canine hookwork (Ancylostoma caninum) that potently inhibits CD11/CD18-dependent neutrophil function in vitro. Neutrophil inhibitory factor (NIF) blocks the adhesion of activated human neutrophils to vascular endothelial cells as well as the release of H2O2 from activated neutrophils, over a similar concentration range (IC50 10-20 nM). Studies aimed at determining the nature of the NIF binding site on neutrophils revealed selective, high affinity binding of this protein to the integrin CD11b/CD18. A cDNA encoding NIF was isolated from a canine hookworm cDNA library. NIF comprises a mature polypeptide of 257 amino acids, preceded by a 17-amino acid leader. The mature protein has 10 cysteines and has seven potential N-linked glycosylation sites. NIF has no significant sequence homologies to any previously reported protein. As such, NIF represents a prototype of a novel class of leukocyte function inhibitors.
Expression of a type 2 diacylglycerol acyltransferase from <i>Thalassiosira pseudonana</i> in yeast leads to incorporation of docosahexaenoic acid β‐oxidation intermediates into triacylglycerol (2013)

Glycerolipids of the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana are enriched particularly with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and also with an appreciable level of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The present study describes the functional characterization of a type 2 diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT2, EC 2.3.1.20) from T. pseudonana, designated TpDGAT2, which catalyzes the final step of triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis. Heterologous expression of this gene restored TAG formation in a yeast mutant devoid of TAG biosynthesis. TpDGAT2 was also shown to exert a large impact on the fatty acid profile of TAG. Its expression caused a 10-12% increase of 18:1 and a concomitant decrease of 16:0 relative to that of AtDGAT1(Arabidopsis thaliana). Furthermore, in the presence of the very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLCPUFA) EPA and DHA, TAG formed by TpDGAT2 displayed three- to six-fold increases in the percentage of VLCPUFA relative to that of AtDGAT1 even though TpDGAT2 conferred much lower TAG-synthetic activities than Arabidopsis DGAT1. Strikingly, when fed DHA, the yeast mutant expressing TpDGAT2 incorporated high levels of EPA and DHA isomers derived from DHA β-oxidation. In contrast, no such phenomenon occurred in the cells expressing AtDGAT1. These results suggested that, in addition to the role in breaking down storage lipids, yeast peroxisomes also contribute to lipid synthesis by recycling acyl-CoAs when a fatty acyl assembly system is available to capture and utilize the fatty acyl pools generated via β-oxidation. Our study hence illustrated a case where the efficiency and substrate preference of an acyltransferase can elicit far reaching metabolic adjustments that affect TAG composition.
SPIRiT: Iterative self‐consistent parallel imaging reconstruction from arbitrary <i>k</i>‐space (2010)

A new approach to autocalibrating, coil-by-coil parallel imaging reconstruction, is presented. It is a generalized reconstruction framework based on self-consistency. The reconstruction problem is formulated as an optimization that yields the most consistent solution with the calibration and acquisition data. The approach is general and can accurately reconstruct images from arbitrary k-space sampling patterns. The formulation can flexibly incorporate additional image priors such as off-resonance correction and regularization terms that appear in compressed sensing. Several iterative strategies to solve the posed reconstruction problem in both image and k-space domain are presented. These are based on a projection over convex sets and conjugate gradient algorithms. Phantom and in vivo studies demonstrate efficient reconstructions from undersampled Cartesian and spiral trajectories. Reconstructions that include off-resonance correction and nonlinear l(1)-wavelet regularization are also demonstrated.
Selective removal and recovery of phosphate in a novel fixed-bed process (1996)

Research Article| May 01 1996 Selective removal and recovery of phosphate in a novel fixed-bed process Dongye Zhao; Dongye Zhao Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Arup K. Sengupta Arup K. Sengupta Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Water Sci Technol (1996) 33 (10-11): 139–147. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0670 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Permissions Search Site Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsThis Journal Search Advanced Search Citation Dongye Zhao, Arup K. Sengupta; Selective removal and recovery of phosphate in a novel fixed-bed process. Water Sci Technol 1 May 1996; 33 (10-11): 139–147. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0670 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex This paper reports salient features of a new fixed-bed sorption process in regard to ultimate removal and recovery of phosphate from municipal and industrial wastewater. The sorbent, referred to as polymeric ligand exchanger(PLE), is essentially a copper(II) loaded specialty chelating polymer. Laboratory experiments have demonstrated that the PLE: can remove phosphate selectively from municipal and synthetic wastewater; is amenable to efficient regeneration; and provides opportunities to recover phosphate and reuse the spent regenerant for multiple numbers of cycles. Eutrophication, ion exchange, ligand exchange, phosphate removal, phosphate sorption, pollution control, water reuse This content is only available as a PDF. © IWA Publishing 1996 You do not currently have access to this content.
Abstract 3898: Structure-based optimization of small molecule inhibitors of the protein-protein interaction between menin and mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) (2016)

Abstract Chromosomal translocations that affect the Mixed Lineage Leukemia (MLL) gene result in acute myeloid and lymphoid leukemias. Fusion of MLL with one of 60 different partner genes generates MLL fusion proteins which lead to enhanced cell proliferation, up-regulation of Hoxa9 and Meis1 genes and block hematopoietic differentiation, ultimately leading to acute leukemia. Importantly, the N-terminal region of MLL is retained in all MLL fusion proteins and represents the interaction site of menin, a critical oncogenic cofactor for MLL fusion proteins. As a result, inhibition of the menin-MLL interaction should abrogate the development and progression of MLL leukemia. Therefore, disruption of the menin-MLL interaction with small molecule inhibitors might represent a therapeutic strategy for patients harboring MLL-rearrangements. The development of potent small molecule inhibitors of protein-protein interactions with optimized drug-like properties represents a challenging task in the lead optimization process. Here, we employed structure-based design with extensive medicinal chemistry efforts to optimize the thienopyrimidine class of menin-MLL inhibitors represented by the MI-136 compound. Our efforts resulted in development of MI-538, which represents the most potent small molecule inhibitor of the menin-MLL interaction developed to date. MI-538, which binds to menin with a Kd of 6.5 nM demonstrated superior cellular activity in MLL-AF9 transformed leukemic cells with a GI50 = 83 nM. In a mouse xenograft model utilizing MV4:11 human MLL leukemia cells, treatment with MI-538 significantly reduced tumor growth. Overall, systematic exploration of substituents on MI-136 led to the identification of MI-538 with improved activity, selectivity, polarity and pharmacokinetic profile, making it suitable for in vivo studies. Interestingly, we found that simultaneous incorporation of multiple substituents optimized for each site on the cyanoindole ring of MI-136 does not always positively affect the activity or drug-like properties of these compounds. This study demonstrates challenges in optimizing inhibitors of protein-protein interaction for potential therapeutic applications. Citation Format: Jonathan Pollock, Dmitry Borkin, Katarzyna Kempinska, Trupta Purohit, Xiaoqin Li, Bo Wen, Ting Zhao, Hongzhi Miao, Shirish Shukla, Miao He, Duxin Sun, Tomasz Cierpicki, Jolanta Grembecka. Structure-based optimization of small molecule inhibitors of the protein-protein interaction between menin and mixed lineage leukemia (MLL). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3898.
cdma2000: adaptive reverse link operation using Doppler estimation (2002)

This paper looks at a way of doing adaptive power control using Doppler estimation. It looks at the performance of the reverse link (RL) of cdma2000 under various conditions for a mobile station in a vehicle. Then, it looks at various ways of Doppler estimation, and suggests a method for identifying the speed of the vehicle to control the power of the system adaptively and enhance its performance.
Next-Generation Diprovocims with Potent Human and Murine TLR1/TLR2 Agonist Activity That Activate the Innate and Adaptive Immune Response (2022)

The diprovocims, a new class of toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, bear no similarity to prior TLR agonists, act through a well-defined mechanism (TLR1/TLR2 agonist), exhibit exquisite structure-activity relationships, and display in vivo adjuvant activity. They possess potent and efficacious agonist activity toward human TLR1/TLR2 but modest agonism toward the murine receptor. A manner by which diprovocims can be functionalized without impacting hTLR1/TLR2 activity is detailed, permitting future linkage to antigenic, targeting, or delivery moieties. Improvements in both potency and its low efficacy in the murine system were also achieved, permitting more effective use in animal models while maintaining the hTLR1/TLR2 activity. The prototypical member diprovocim-X exhibits the excellent potency/efficacy of diprovocim-1 in human cells, displays substantially improved potency/efficacy in mouse macrophages, and serves as an adjuvant in mice when coadministered with a nonimmunogenic antigen, indicating stimulation of the adaptive as well as innate immune response.
Securing untrusted code via compiler-agnostic binary rewriting (2012)

Binary code from untrusted sources remains one of the primary vehicles for malicious software attacks. This paper presents Reins, a new, more general, and lighter-weight binary rewriting and in-lining system to tame and secure untrusted binary programs. Unlike traditional monitors, Reins requires no cooperation from code-producers in the form of source code or debugging symbols, requires no client-side support infrastructure (e.g., a virtual machine or hypervisor), and preserves the behavior of even complex, event-driven, x86 native COTS binaries generated by aggressively optimizing compilers. This makes it exceptionally easy to deploy. The safety of programs rewritten by Reins is independently machine-verifiable, allowing rewriting to be deployed as an untrusted third-party service. An implementation of Reins for Microsoft Windows demonstrates that it is effective and practical for a real-world OS and architecture, introducing only about 2.4% runtime overhead to rewritten binaries.
Suppression of fibroblast proliferation and lysyl hydroxylase activity by minoxidil. (1987)

The effect of minoxidil on lysyl hydroxylase activity and proliferation of human skin fibroblasts in culture was examined. Exposure of cells to minoxidil resulted in a specific loss of lysyl hydroxylase activity, the extent of which was dependent on the concentration of minoxidil from 25 to 500 microM and the duration of the treatment from 6 to 48 h. This phenomenon was unaffected by culture conditions, i.e. ascorbic acid status, serum concentration, and cell density. Minoxidil added directly to cell extracts had no effect on lysyl hydroxylase activity, showing a requirement for intact cells. Mixing experiments with extracts of minoxidil-treated cells and controls gave additive results which rule out the possibility that a metabolite derived from minoxidil could be inhibiting the enzyme activity. The effect of minoxidil on fibroblast lysyl hydroxylase activity disappeared in the presence of cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis. Moreover, the recovery of the enzyme activity that occurred after removal of minoxidil from the culture medium could be prevented by actinomycin D, an inhibitor of RNA synthesis. These results indicate that minoxidil may inhibit the synthesis of lysyl hydroxylase in the cell. In addition to suppressing fibroblast lysyl hydroxylase activity, minoxidil caused inhibition of cell growth within 48 h in a manner dependent on the concentration from 10 to 1000 microM, the latter resulting in almost complete cessation of cell proliferation. This effect was not accompanied by cytotoxicity as judged by the criteria of dye exclusion, plating efficiency, growth recovery, and protein synthesis. The inhibition of fibroblast proliferation by minoxidil appeared to be related to its ability to inhibit DNA synthesis measured by incorporation of tritiated thymidine into acid-precipitable material.
Effect of Ovine Prolactin Administration on Hypothalamic Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP), Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone I and II Content, and Anterior Pituitary VIP Receptors in Laying Turkey Hens1 (1993)

The effect of ovine prolactin (oPRL) administration to laying and incubating turkey hens was studied. In experiment one, five treatment groups (n = 6) of laying hens received injections of vehicle or oPRL (4 mg/bird/day) for 2, 4, 8, or 14 days. Hypothalamic vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) content decreased to its lowest level (p < 0.05) by Day 2 of oPRL injection. Serum turkey PRL decreased by Day 8 of injection, reaching nadir by Day 14. Similar to the decline in hypothalamic VIP content, the maximal decline in the number of anterior pituitary VIP binding sites was achieved by Day 2 of oPRL administration. Hypothalamic GnRH-I content decreased after 2 days of oPRL injection and remained low through Day 14 of the experiment. GnRH-II levels declined with time, reaching significantly lower levels after 8 days of injections, and remained low through Day 14. Plasma LH levels also declined (p < 0.05) after Day 14 of oPRL administration. In experiment 2, two groups (n = 6) of incubating birds were used: controls receiving injections of vehicle only and birds receiving injections of oPRL (4 mg/bird/day) for 10 days. Exogenous oPRL had no effect on hypothalamic VIP, GnRH-I or II, anterior pituitary VIP binding sites, or plasma turkey PRL or LH. The findings suggest that in laying hens, PRL inhibits its own secretion by acting on both the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary; this phenomenon does not occur in incubating birds. Furthermore, we provide evidence that pRL acts centrally to reduce LH levels by reducing GnRH levels in the hypothalamus.
Eliminating glutaraldehyde from crosslinked collagen films using supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> (2017)

Collagen has received considerable attention as a biomaterial for tissue engineering because of its low immunogenicity, controllable biodegradation, and ability to influence cell growth and proliferation. Frequently, collagen scaffolds require crosslinking to improve mechanical strength, requiring agents like glutaraldehyde that have high residual cytotoxicity. A novel method for extracting residual glutaraldehyde from crosslinked collagen films with supercritical carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub> ) is presented. CO<sub>2</sub> is a nontoxic, nonflammable substance that is relatively inert and can be used to process biomaterials at mild pressures and physiologic temperatures. In this work, it was first determined that type I collagen is chemically compatible with both liquid and supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> . Treated collagen showed minimal changes in physicochemical properties as determined by differential scanning calorimetry, gel electrophoresis, and circular dichroism. CO<sub>2</sub> was subsequently used to extract residual glutaraldehyde from crosslinked collagen films. Glutaraldehyde concentration was reduced by over 95%, from over 20 ppm before treatment to about 1 ppm, in only 1 h. CO<sub>2</sub> treatment caused negligible alteration of thermal stability but did significantly increase film stiffness and tensile strength. However, these changes were minor compared to heat-based removal of glutaraldehyde. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 86-94, 2018.
New autofocusing system for laser micromachining (2003)

We present a new feedback system to keep laser machining beams in focus at the workpiece surface. This autofocus device is especially desigend wiht laser micromachining in mind, with direct monitoring of the laser focus spot are. It is a non-contact, non-capacitive method relying on the interpretation of video image signals. The autofocusing system functions by imaging a laser line which is projected down on a 45-degree angle onto the surface which is being machined. If the surface deflects up or down, the laser line moves corresondingly in the horizontal plane; this change can be monitored on the imaging system and processed by the autofocusing electronics. The use of a line instead of a small spot of light prevents unexpected 'dives' from the auto-focus laser hitting an already-cut hole. A volage setpoint is produced for feedback to the vertical micropositioning stage controller to move the stage and correct the focusing lens position. Curved or otherwise non-flat workpieces are shown to be precisely machined without prior knowledge of their exact shape.
High-Affinity Monoclonal Antibodies for Detection of the Microbial Metabolite, 2-Methylisoborneol (2003)

The production of 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) by certain fungi and algae can contribute musty off-flavors to foods and water supplies if uncontrolled. The goal of this research was to develop a nonsensory simple method for the detection of MIB. Anti-MIB monoclonal antibodies were produced by immunizing mice with borneol-conjugated protein and selecting positive clones with an MIB-protein conjugate. An indirect competitive immunoassay developed using this antibody had a detection limit of 0.6 microg L(-)(1) and an I(50) value of 5 microg L(-)(1). Detection was relatively specific for MIB and showed 20% cross-reactivity with borneol or isoborneol and 4-5% cross-reactivity with camphor. No cross-reactivity to geosmin was observed.
Network-Coded Multiple Access (2014)

This paper proposes and experimentally demonstrates a first wireless local area network (WLAN) system that jointly exploits physical-layer network coding (PNC) and multiuser decoding (MUD) to boost system throughput. We refer to this multiple access mode as network-coded multiple access (NCMA). Prior studies on PNC mostly focused on relay networks. NCMA is the first realized multiple access scheme that establishes the usefulness of PNC in a non-relay setting. NCMA allows multiple nodes to transmit simultaneously to the access point (AP) to boost throughput. In the non-relay setting, when two nodes A and B transmit to the AP simultaneously, the AP aims to obtain both packet A and packet B rather than their network-coded packet. An interesting question is whether network coding, specifically PNC which extracts packet A ⊕ B, can still be useful in such a setting. We provide an affirmative answer to this question with a novel two-layer decoding approach amenable to real-time implementation. Our USRP prototype indicates that NCMA can boost throughput by 100 percent in the medium-high SNR regime (≥10 dB). We believe further throughput enhancement is possible by allowing more than two users to transmit together.