gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
African swine fever virus vaccine candidate ASFV‐G‐<b>Δ</b>I177L efficiently protects European and native pig breeds against circulating Vietnamese field strain (2021)

The recent spread of African swine fever (ASF) in the People's Republic of China and neighbouring countries in Asia has had significant economic consequences with an estimated direct cost of $55-$130 billion. This pandemic, originally detected in Republic of Georgia in 2007, has devastated the swine industry in large geographical areas of Southeast Asia with 14 countries reporting ASF outbreaks since the first documented case was confirmed in the city of Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China, on 3 August 2018. In the absence of any available vaccines, the control of ASF relies on the detection and culling of infected animals. The United States Department of Agriculture recently developed a recombinant experimental vaccine candidate, ASFV-G-ΔI177L, by deleting the I177L gene from the genome of the highly virulent pandemic ASFV strain Georgia, which efficaciouly protects pigs from the parental virus. Here, the initial studies were extended demonstrating that ASFV-G-ΔI177L is able to protect pigs against the virulent ASFV isolate currently circulating and producing disease in Vietnam with similar efficacy as reported against the Georgia strain. Comparative studies performed using a large number of pigs of European and Vietnamese origin demonstrated that a minimum protective dose of 10<sup>2</sup> HAD<sub>50</sub> of ASFV-G-ΔI177L equally protects animals of both breeds. In concurrence with those results, the onset of immunity in these animal breed showed appearance of protection in approximately one-third of the animals by the second week post vaccination, with full protection achieved by the fourth week post vaccination. Therefore, results presented here demonstrated that ASFV-G-ΔI177L is able to induce protection against virulent Vietnameese ASFV field strains and is effective in protecting local breeds of pigs as efficiently as previously shown for European cross-bred pigs. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing the efficacy of a Georgia 2007 based vaccine candidate in Asian breed of pigs or challenged with an Asian ASFV strain.
Development of Orally Bioavailable and CNS Penetrant Biphenylaminocyclopropane Carboxamide Bradykinin B <sub>1</sub> Receptor Antagonists (2006)

A series of biphenylaminocyclopropane carboxamide based bradykinin B1 receptor antagonists has been developed that possesses good pharmacokinetic properties and is CNS penetrant. Discovery that the replacement of the trifluoropropionamide in the lead structure with polyhaloacetamides, particularly a trifluoroacetamide, significantly reduced P-glycoprotein mediated efflux for the series proved essential. One of these novel bradykinin B1 antagonists (13b) also exhibited suitable pharmacokinetic properties and efficient ex vivo receptor occupancy for further development as a novel approach for the treatment of pain and inflammation.
Performance assessment of optical burst switching networks based on a common control channel with distributed control (2009)

This paper investigates performance implications of distributed control for optical burst switching (OBS) networks. It is analysed the Common Control Channel Optical Burst Switched (C <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> -OBS) network architecture, which enables resource reservation planning at each node, embodying a shift in OBS networking paradigm, from isolated to distributed control. It is proposed a model for the C <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> -OBS optical cross connect node and discussed its implementation. A performance assessment of C <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> -OBS networks is presented, including a performance comparison with conventional OBS networks for several topologies.
Graphene-Based Fourier Optics (2011)

In this paper, we theoretically show that by tailoring specific conductivity distribution on graphene, one can create a region on this material to perform as a lens. Our numerical studies indicate that this ―one-atom thick‖ lens obtains spatial Fourier transform of the optical sign al similar to a standard optical lens in 3-dimensional optics. The possibility to create inhomogeneous patterns of effective index for SPP surface waves on the graphene may allow for reimp lementation of Fourier optics devices on a monolayer of carbon atoms .
A very thin coating technology for the production of broad-band absorbers (1997)

In the field of imaging optical systems, anti-reflective (AR) coatings are widely used in order to reduce unwanted reflections. The LETI-CMO laboratory is involved in the development of an advanced spectral separator for earth observation [1] which uses absorbing diaphragms for the separation of the different optical paths. The optical specifications of such a sytem are drastic since a reflection lower than 2% and a transmission lower than 10 -3 are required on a spectral range as wide as 450 to 950 nm. In order to meet such specifications, we have chosen to develop an absorbing AR coating based on a new multilayer structure which uses thin metallic absorbing layers. As we will see, such structures exhibit particularly efficient absorbing properties.
First measurement using three-in-one cell: a new design of the fixed-point cell for the calibration of thermometers (2008)

A new design of the fixed-point cell that contains multiple metal elements in a single crucible has been introduced for fixed-point calibration of secondary thermometers such as thermocouples. A multicell with aluminium, silver and copper was fabricated and used for the calibration of a Pt/Pd thermocouple. The expanded uncertainties (k = 2) of the realization of the multicell were 0.07 °C, 0.12 °C and 0.24 °C, plus an additional term from the inhomogeneity of the thermocouple, for aluminium, silver and copper, respectively. These uncertainties are considerably smaller than those obtained from the method of calibration by comparison in similar temperature ranges. This proves the suitability of the metal multicells for the calibration of secondary thermometers.
Fabrication Methodology of Enhanced Stability Room Temperature TlBr Gamma Detectors (2013)

Thallium bromide (TlBr) is a material of interest for use in room temperature gamma ray detector applications due to is wide bandgap 2.7 eV and high average atomic number (Tl 81, Br 35). Researchers have achieved energy resolutions of 1.3% at 662 keV, demonstrating the potential of this material system. However, these detectors are known to polarize using conventional configurations, limiting their use. While high quality material is a critical starting point for excellent detector performance, we show that the room temperature stability of planar TlBr gamma spectrometers can be significantly enhanced by treatment with both hydrofluoric and hydrochloric acid. By incorporating F or Cl into the surface of TlBr, current instabilities are eliminated and the longer term current of the detectors remains unchanged. In addition the choice of electrode metal is shown to have a dramatic effect on the long term stability of TlBr detector performance <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">241</sup> Am spectra are also shown to be more stable for extended periods; detectors have been held at 4000 V/cm for 50 days with less than 10% degradation in peak centroid position.
ChemInform Abstract: Sintering of Si3N4 with the Addition of Rare‐Earth Oxides (1988)

Abstract (pressureless sintering at 1600‐1700 °C and gas pressure sintering under 10 MPa of N 2 at 1800‐2000 °C) is studied in order to investigate the effect of these additives on the densification process.
Low Frequency - High Sensitivity Horizontal Inertial Sensor based on Folded Pendulum (2012)

This paper describes a new implementation of monolithic horizontal sensor, developed at the University of Salerno, based on the Folded Pendulum architecture, configurable both as seismometer and as accelerometer. The large low-frequency band (10-6 ÷ 10Hz), the high sensitivity ( in the band 0.1 ÷ 10 Hz) and the high quality factor in air (Q > 1500) are largely better than all the previous Folded Pendulum implementations. Moreover its monolithic implementation of the whole mechanics, coupled with a full tunability of its resonance frequency (70 mHz ÷ 1.2 Hz) obtained with a specially designed calibration procedure and with an integrated laser optical readout, guarantees both compactness, robustness and immunity to environmental noises. This makes this sensor suitable for a large number of scientific applications, also in high vacuum and cryogeny. Applications of this sensor are already started in the field of geophysics, including the study of seismic and newtonian noise for characterization of suitable sites for future underground interferometric detectors of gravitational waves.
Total synthesis of calicheamicin .gamma.1I. 1. Synthesis of the oligosaccharide fragment (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of calicheamicin .gamma.1I. 1. Synthesis of the oligosaccharide fragmentR. D. Groneberg, T. Miyazaki, N. A. Stylianides, T. J. Schulze, W. Stahl, E. P. Schreiner, T. Suzuki, Y. Iwabuchi, A. L. Smith, and K. C. NicolaouCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 17, 7593–7611Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00070a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00070a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2317Altmetric-Citations126LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Characterization of an Uncinocarpus reesii-expressed recombinant tube precipitin antigen of Coccidioides posadasii for serodiagnosis (2019)

Early and accurate diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis, also known as Valley fever, is critical for appropriate disease treatment and management. Current serodiagnosis is based on the detection of patient serum antibodies that react with tube precipitin (TP) and complement fixation (CF) antigens of Coccidioides. IgM is the first class of antibodies produced by hosts in response to coccidioidal insults. The highly glycosylated β-glucosidase 2 (BGL2) is a major active component of the TP antigen that stimulates IgM antibody responses during early Coccidioides infection. The predominant IgM epitope on BGL2 is a unique 3-O-methyl-mannose moiety that is not produced by commonly used protein expression systems. We genetically engineered and expressed a recombinant BGL2 (rBGL2ur), derived from Coccidioides, in non-pathogenic Uncinocarpus reesii, a fungus phylogenetically related to the Coccidioides pathogen. The rBGL2ur protein was purified from the culture medium of transformed U. reesii by nickel affinity chromatography, and the presence of 3-O-methyl mannose was demonstrated by gas chromatography. Seroreactivity of the purified rBGL2ur protein was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using sera from 90 patients with coccidioidomycosis and 134 control individuals. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay with rBGL2ur were 78.8% and 87.3%, respectively. These results were comparable to those obtained using a proprietary MiraVista Diagnostic (MVD) IgM (63.3% sensitivity; 96.3% specificity), but significantly better than the ID-TP assay using non-concentrated patient sera (33.3% sensitivity; 100% specificity). Expression of rBGL2ur in U. reesii retains its antigenicity for coccidioidomycosis serodiagnosis and greatly reduces biosafety concerns for antigen production, as Coccidioides spp. are biological safety level 3 agents.
Real-time tree search with pessimistic scenarios (2019)

Autonomous agents need to make decisions in a sequential manner, under partially observable environment, and in consideration of how other agents behave. In critical situations, such decisions need to be made in real time for example to avoid collisions and recover to safe conditions. We propose a technique of tree search where a deterministic and pessimistic scenario is used after a specified depth. Because there is no branching with the deterministic scenario, the proposed technique allows us to take into account the events that can occur far ahead in the future. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is demonstrated in Pommerman, a multi-agent environment used in a NeurIPS 2018 competition, where the agents that implement the proposed technique have won the first and third places.
The circular RNA MICRA for risk stratification after myocardial infarction (2017)

We report that the circRNA MICRA improves risk classification after MI, supporting the added value of this novel biomarker in future prognostication strategies.
Carbonaceous materials as lithium intercalation anodes (1994)

Commercial and polymer-derived carbonaceous materials were examined as lithium intercalation anodes in propylene carbonate (pyrolysis < 1350C, carbons) and ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate (graphites) electrolytes. The reversible capacity (180--355 mAh/g) and the irreversible capacity loss (15--200 % based on reversible capacity) depend on the type of binder, carbon type, morphology, and phosphorus doping concentration. A carbon-based binder was chosen for electrode fabrication, producing mechanically and chemically stable electrodes and reproducible results. Several types of graphites had capacity approaching LiC{sub 6}. Petroleum fuel green cokes doped with phosphorous gave more than a 20 % increase in capacity compared to undoped samples. Electrochemical characteristics are related to SEM, TEM, XRD and BET measurements.
Water soluble flavonol prodrugs that protect against ischaemia-reperfusion injury in rat hindlimb and sheep heart (2011)

Phosphate and hemiadipate derivatives of cardioprotective flavonols are water soluble prodrugs that release superoxide scavenging and vasorelaxant parent drugs. These prodrugs protected against ischaemia/reperfusion injury in two distinct animal models, rat hindlimb and sheep heart, and are thus promising small molecule therapeutics for cardiovascular disease.
Hyperhalogene: eine neue Klasse stark elektronegativer Verbindungen (2010)

Auf super folgt hyper: Superhalogene bestehen aus einem Zentralatom, z. B. einem Metallatom, das von Halogen- oder O-Atomen umgeben ist. Eine Kombination aus Theorie und Experiment ergab, dass es eine neue Klasse elektronegativer Verbindungen gibt, in denen ein zentrales Metallatom von Superhalogenen umgeben ist. Diese Hyperhalogene können noch höhere Elektronenaffinitäten haben als die Superhalogene und sind mögliche Bausteine einer neuen Materialklasse.
An Outer Membrane Vesicle-Adjuvanted Oral Vaccine Protects Against Lethal, Oral Salmonella Infection (2021)

Non-typhoidal salmonellosis, caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is a common fecal-oral disease characterized by mild gastrointestinal distress resulting in diarrhea, chills, fever, abdominal cramps, head and body aches, nausea, and vomiting. Increasing incidences of antibiotic resistant invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella infections makes this a global threat requiring novel treatment strategies including next-generation vaccines. The goal of the current study was to formulate a novel vaccine platform against Salmonella infection that could be delivered orally. To accomplish this, we created a Salmonella-specific vaccine adjuvanted with Burkholderia pseudomallei outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). We show that adding OMVs to a heat-killed oral Salmonella vaccine (HKST + OMVs) protects against a lethal, oral challenge with Salmonella. Further, we show that opsonizing anti-Salmonella antibodies are induced in response to immunization and that CD4 T cells and B cells can be induced when OMVs are used as the oral adjuvant. This study represents a novel oral vaccine approach to combatting the increasing problem of invasive Salmonella infections.
Experimental images of heterogeneous turbid media by frequency-domain diffusing-photon tomography (1995)

We present images of heterogeneous turbid media derived from measurements of diffuse photon-density waves traveling through highly scattering tissue phantoms. To our knowledge, the images are the first experimental reconstruction based on data collected in the frequency domain. We demonstrate images of both absorbing and scattering heterogeneities and show that this method is sensitive to the optical properties of the heterogeneity. The algorithm employs a differential measurement scheme that reduces the effect of errors resulting from incorrect estimation of the background optical properties. The relative advantages of sources with low and high modulation frequency are discussed within this context.
Network coded storage with multi-resolution codes (2013)

From a user perspective in modern data centers, temporary data unavailability dominates permanent data unavailability. Complementing data center repair research, this paper focuses on this temporary unavailability. To help manage this traffic-induced unavailability, we propose a coded resolution-aware storage (CRS) scheme for data center video-streaming applications. In particular, files stored on drives are pre-network coded across multi-resolution (MR) layers. We explore the characteristics of this concept and compare it to an uncoded resolution-aware storage (URS) scheme, as well as to classic storage systems. We illustrate that the CRS scheme can in some cases provide an order of magnitude in saturation probability gains over URS and classic systems.
SLECTS: Slew-Driven Clock Tree Synthesis (2019)

A slew-driven clock tree synthesis (SLECTS) methodology is proposed for nanoscale technologies where the interconnect resistance dominates device resistance, thereby increasing the challenge of satisfying the slew constraint. This issue is exacerbated at lower voltages due to degraded drive ability of the clock buffers. A paradigm shift from the traditional delay (and skew)-driven approaches to the proposed slew-driven methodology is therefore required. SLECTS is developed in this paper to satisfy tight slew constraints, which can be costly or infeasible with delay (skew)-driven methodologies and reduce the power dissipation of the clock tree, since the slew and skew constraints are simultaneously and methodically considered. Experimental results performed on an industrial circuit with more than 1M gates designed in 28-nm technology demonstrate that clock power is reduced by approximately 15% as compared to a commercial clock tree synthesis tool under similar slew and skew constraints.
New coding technology for 3D video with depth maps as proposed for standardization within MPEG (2012)

In this paper, we present the original compression technology that was designed and developed at Poznan University of Technology in response to MPEG Call for Proposals on 3D Video Coding Technology. One view is coded in the HEVC syntax while the side views and the depth maps are very efficiently coded exploiting various redundancies that are related to similarities between individual views and depth maps. Even 2 side views and 3 depth maps can be coded at the total bitrate that usually does not exceed 50% of the bitrate needed for a single view.
Effects of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and other gelling agents on the handling properties of calcium phosphate cement (1997)

The calcium phosphate cement (CPC) used in this study was formed by combining equimolar amounts of tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) and dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA). This powder, when mixed with water, sets to a hard cement in about 30 min. However, the water-based CPC paste is not highly cohesive and is vulnerable to washout until hardening occurs. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects on handling properties, washout resistance, cement hardening behavior, and mechanical properties of adding several gelling agents to CPC paste. Aqueous solutions that contained a mass fraction of 2–4% of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), carboxyl methyl-cellulose (CMC), chitosan acetate, and chitosan lactate were used as cement liquids. Hardening time was measured by the Gilmore needle test; resistance to washout was evaluated by the disintegration of the cement specimen in water with agitation; and mechanical strength was evaluated by the measurement of diametral tensile strength and compressive strength. Handling properties were greatly improved by the addition of HPMC, CMC, chitosan acetate, and chitosan lactate. Hardening time was retarded by the additions of HPMC and CMC, and mechanical strength was weakened by the addition of either the chitosan lactate or the chitosan acetate. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J. Biomed Mater Res, 35, 273–277, 1997.
Self-testing software probe system for failure detection and diagnosis (1994)

A key problem in today's complex software systems is software failure detection and isolation given that most software failures are only partial, and if efficiently diagnosed, isolated and recovered, could avert a total outage. The probe detects failed software components in a running software system by requesting service, or a certain level of service, from a set of functions, modules and/or subsystems (target) and checking the response to the request. The objective is to localize the failure only up to the level of a target, while, achieving a high degree of efficiency and confidence in the process. Targets can be identified at different levels or layers in the software. The choice is based on the granularity of fault detection that is desired, taken in consideration with the level at which recovery is implemented. The implementation of the probe system is made self testing against any single failure in its operational components, using the idea of a null probe. The probe system has been designed, taking advantage of the latency characteristics of errors, to provide a low-overhead mechanism. The ideas are implementable in either a single or multiple computer system.
Low-Responsivity GaAs/AlAs Asymmetric Fabry-Perot Modulators (1993)

Absorption-based light modulators are attractive because they can be made compact and in high densities, operating with light normal to the plane of the device. The intrinsic power dissipation of such a modulator is simply the absorbed optical power, which (neglecting radiative recombination) must be dissipated in the device. However, most of the total dissipation in electrically-driven multiple quantum well (MQW) modulators operating with light incident normal to the device plane is non-intrinsic , resulting from motion of photo-generated carriers in externally applied electric fields. For example, in a pin MQW device biased to 5 V, motion of photo-generated electron-hole pairs through the total potential= V + V bi deposits about 6.3 eV of energy, 5 eV of which is non-intrinsic. Minimizing the overall dissipation in these devices is important, because it ultimately determines the packing density and the maximum optical input power.