gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spin-orbit states of neutron wave packets (2016)

We propose a method to prepare an entangled spin-orbit state between the spin and the orbital angular momenta of a neutron wave packet. This spin-orbit state is created by passing neutrons through the center of a quadrupole magnetic field, which provides a coupling between the spin and orbital degrees of freedom. A Ramsey-fringe-type measurement is suggested as a means of verifying the spin-orbit correlations.
Space-time coding for doubly selective channels (2003)

Relying on a basis expansion model (BEM) to capture time- and frequency-selective propagation effects, we prove that the maximum achievable diversity of multi-antenna transmissions over doubly-selective channels is determined by the rank of the correlation matrix of the BEM coefficients from all channels. The diversity order is multiplicative in the effective degrees of freedom that the channels exhibit in space-, time-, and frequency-domains. Furthermore, we design a block precoded digital phase sweeping transmission that achieves full space-Doppler-multipath diversity for any number of transmit-receive antennas, and without bandwidth expansion. The theoretical diversity results are corroborated by simulations, and the BEM is validated.
Lithium Superoxide Hydrolysis and Relevance to Li–O<sub>2</sub> Batteries (2017)

Fundamental understanding of reactions of lithium peroxides and superoxides is essential for the development of Li–O2 batteries. In this context, an investigation is reported of the hydrolysis of lithium superoxide, which has recently been synthesized in a Li–O2 battery. Surprisingly, the hydrolysis of solid LiO2 is significantly different from that of NaO2 and KO2. Unlike KO2 and NaO2, the hydrolysis of LiO2 does not produce H2O2. Similarly, the reactivity of Li2O2 toward water differs from LiO2, in that Li2O2 results in H2O2 as a product. The difference in the LiO2 reactivity with water is due to the more exothermic nature of the formation of LiOH and O2 compared with the corresponding reactions of NaO2 and KO2. We also show that a titration method used in this study, based on reaction of the discharge product with a Ti(IV)OSO4 solution, provides a useful diagnostic technique to provide information on the composition of a discharge product in a Li–O2 battery.
Doherty-to-Balanced Switchable Power Amplifier (2019)

A novel Doherty-to-balanced (D2B) switchable power amplifiers (PAs) architecture based on branch-line quadrature hybrid couplers is presented. It is for the first time unveiled that by switching the 50-Ω loading at isolation port to a short circuit to ground, the balanced amplifier can be fully converted to a Doherty PA. The proof of the concept is demonstrated using a commercial SP2T SOI switch integrated with a balanced GaN power amplifier for mode reconfiguration. The implemented PA achieves efficient Doherty performance with a peak efficiency of 78.1% at maximum output power of 41.75 dBm, and 60.9% at 6 dB output power back-off (OBO). The balanced mode of this PA offers excellent immunity to load mismatch up to 5:1 VSWR achieving minimum output power fluctuation within 1 dB, as demonstrated experimentally.
Tailoring dielectric resonator geometries for directional scattering and Huygens’ metasurfaces (2015)

In this paper we describe a methodology for tailoring the design of metamaterial dielectric resonators, which represent a promising path toward low-loss metamaterials at optical frequencies. We first describe a procedure to decompose the far field scattered by subwavelength resonators in terms of multipolar field components, providing explicit expressions for the multipolar far fields. We apply this formulation to confirm that an isolated high-permittivity dielectric cube resonator possesses frequency separated electric and magnetic dipole resonances, as well as a magnetic quadrupole resonance in close proximity to the electric dipole resonance. We then introduce multiple dielectric gaps to the resonator geometry in a manner suggested by perturbation theory, and demonstrate the ability to overlap the electric and magnetic dipole resonances, thereby enabling directional scattering by satisfying the first Kerker condition. We further demonstrate the ability to push the quadrupole resonance away from the degenerate dipole resonances to achieve local behavior. These properties are confirmed through the multipolar expansion and show that the use of geometries suggested by perturbation theory is a viable route to achieve purely dipole resonances for metamaterial applications such as wave-front manipulation with Huygens' metasurfaces. Our results are fully scalable across any frequency bands where high-permittivity dielectric materials are available, including microwave, THz, and infrared frequencies.
UV-Assisted Graft Polymerization of <i>N</i>-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone onto Poly(ether sulfone) Ultrafiltration Membranes Using Selective UV Wavelengths (2001)

Low protein fouling 50 kDa poly(ether sulfone) ultrafiltration membranes were produced by UV-assisted graft polymerization of the monomer 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone by using a dip modification technique without loss of protein rejection. UV lamps with an emission wavelength maximum of 300 nm and two specially selected UV light filters, benzene and an aromatic polyester film, were used to filter out 254 nm wavelength light which was found to be responsible for severe loss of protein rejection. The modified membranes that performed the best were prepared by using 300 nm lamps and the benzene filter. With increasing degree of grafting, these membranes exhibited up to 20% higher surface wettability (cos ϑ = 0.83−0.89) than the base membrane (cos ϑ = 0.74), which translated into lower irreversible flux loss (−0.05 to 0.03 compared with 0.42). While the protein rejection remained unchanged after modification, the permeability of the membranes decreased from 6.5 to 0.3 l m-2 h-1 (kPa)-1 with increasing degree of grafting as a result of pore plugging by the grafted chains. These membranes exhibited similar irreversible flux loss (0.03 vs ∼0), similar permeability (1.2 vs 1.8 l m-2 h-1 (kPa)-1), and higher rejection (97.4 vs 93.4%) as compared with a 50 kDa regenerated cellulose membrane.
Observer design and flatness-based feedforward control with model predictive trajectory planning of a crane rotator (2014)

This paper addresses the control of a crane rotator. A crane rotator can be considered as a mechanical nonlinear robot system. The crane rotator allows to control the skew angle of a spreader. Spreaders are used to grip containers in harbors. A complete concept for skew angle control is presented in this paper. Rotating the manipulator causes a torsional oscillation since the manipulator is suspended on ropes. The control concept deals with the nonlinear dynamics. It comprises a nonlinear Luenberger observer design, a feedforward control and a tracking controller. The last two components are designed in a two-degrees of freedom structure. The feedforward controller is based on the differential flatness theory. To generate a continuous reference signal for the controller, a model predictive trajectory planner is added to the concept. Simulations and measurement results show the success of the overall structure implemented on the harbor crane LIEBHERR LHM 420.
Development of Novel Bend-mode Piezo Inkjet Print Head Utilizing MEMS Technology for Printed Electronics Applications (2012)

We are trying to develop a new inkjet printing head with the use of MEMS technology for the Printed Electronics applications. The newly developed print head consists of three layers; a nozzle plate, an intermediate plate, and an actuator. The actuator has an unimorph structure with piezo ceramic element. We investigated the effects of a nozzle-hole shape, structures of a pressure chamber and an ink inlet, and finally achieved to drive the actuator to displace small volume of ink with higher frequency by optimizing them.We also investigated the effects of the nozzle-hole shape and ink repellency of the nozzle plate to minimize the angle deviation of jetted droplets.
Expression of a heat-stable NADPH-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase in Caldicellulosiruptor bescii results in furan aldehyde detoxification (2015)

A genetically engineered strain of C. bescii (JWCB044) has been constructed that shows both an improved tolerance to furan aldehydes and an improved ability to eliminate furfural and 5-HMF from the culture medium. The work presented here represents the first example of engineering furan aldehyde resistance into a CBP-relevant thermophile and further validates C. bescii as being a genetically tractable microbe of importance for lignocellulosic biofuel production.
An <scp>l</scp>‐shaped 4‐element monopole MIMO antenna system with enhanced isolation for mobile applications (2016)

ABSTRACT In this work, a 4‐element wideband printed modified monopole based multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna system is presented. The proposed design is compact, low profile, and suitable to be used for wireless handheld devices in 3G and 4G LTE bands. The covered measured frequencies lie between 2017 and 2265 MHz. The proposed design is evaluated for MIMO performance metrics. A defected ground structure that is based on a combination of an array of vertical slots and one circular slot is used to enhance the isolation. The envelope correlation coefficient was <0.1889. The MIMO antenna system is built on a double layer FR‐4 substrate with height of 0.8mm and dielectric constant of 4.4. The total size of the design is 100 × 60 × 0.8 mm 3 . Good agreement between simulated and measured results is obtained. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2587–2591, 2016
A multi-Gbps unrolled hardware list decoder for a systematic polar code (2016)

Polar codes are a new class of block codes with an explicit construction that provably achieve the capacity of various communications channels, even with the low-complexity successive-cancellation (SC) decoding algorithm. Yet, the more complex successive-cancellation list (SCL) decoding algorithm is gathering more attention lately as it significantly improves the error-correction performance of short-to moderate-length polar codes, especially when they are concatenated with a cyclic redundancy check code. However, as SCL decoding explores several decoding paths, existing hardware implementations tend to be significantly slower than SC-based decoders. In this paper, we show how the unrolling technique, which has already been used in the context of SC decoding, can be adapted to SCL decoding yielding a multi-Gbps SCL-based polar decoder with an error-correction performance that is competitive when compared to an LDPC code of similar length and rate. Post-place-and-route ASIC results for 28 nm CMOS are provided showing that this decoder can sustain a throughput greater than 10 Gbps at 468 MHz with an energy efficiency of 7.25 pJ/bit.
Design advances in long-range alpha detection (1994)

Recent design advances in airflow long-range alpha detector (LRAD) technology have improved the detectors` sensitivity, reduced their size and weight, and reduced their construction costs. These second-generation LRADs are also less influenced by fluctuations in background radiation. These advances now allow airflow LRAD systems to be lightweight, low-power, and portable, thereby increasing their usefulness to the radiation monitoring industry.
Pathways for inflorescence and floral induction in <i>Antirrhinum</i> (1996)

The presentation of flowers on a modified stem, the inflorescence, requires the integration of several aspects of meristem behaviour. In Antirrhinum, the inflorescence can be distinguished by its flowers, hairy stem, modified leaves, short internodes and spiral phyllotaxy. We show, by a combination of physiological, genetical and morphological analysis, that the various aspects of the inflorescence are controlled by three pathways. The first pathway, depends on expression of the floricaula gene, and is rapidly and discretely induced by exposure to long daylength. Activation of this pathway occurs in very young axillary meristems, resulting in a floral identity. In addition, the length of subtending leaves and hairiness of the stem are partially modified. The second pathway affects leaf size, internode length, and stem hairiness, but does not confer floral meristem identity. This pathway is induced by long daylength, but not as rapidly or discretely as the floricaula-dependent pathway. The third pathway controls the switch in phyllotaxy from decussate to spiral and is activated independently of daylength. The coordination of these three programmes ensures that apical and axillary meristem behaviour is integrated.
Preparation and Properties of Alpha<sub>1</sub>‐Proteinase Inhibitor Concentrate from Human Plasma (1985)

Alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor (alpha 1-PI) has been prepared as a concentrate in quantities large enough for clinical testing of its safety and efficacy in the treatment of emphysema and other disorders. The alpha 1-PI was purified from Cohn fraction IV-1 paste by polyethylene glycol precipitation and DEAE-Sepharose chromatography. The methods used in the purification are gentle and the resulting product behaves almost identically to the alpha 1-PI from plasma. The protein has been heat treated (60 degrees C, 10 h) to lower the risk of transmission of plasma-borne diseases. This resulted in some aggregation of the protein, but did not cause the generation of new antigenic sites. Half-life studies in animals showed that the protein behaved normally (catabolic t1/2 of 68 h).
Vector intensity reconstructions in a volume surrounding a rigid spherical measurement array (2008)

An approach is presented that provides a prediction of the vector intensity field throughout a volume exterior to a rigid spherical measurement array consisting of 31 flush mounted microphones. The theory is based on spherical harmonic expansions of the measured field with the radial variation of the near-field pressure obtained using the Greens function with vanishing normal derivative at the rigid sphere surface. Experimental results with rigid spherical arrays of differing radii are presented using multiple incoherent sources. Successful intensity reconstructions are obtained over a volume three times the sphere radius up to a frequency of 1.5 kHz that clearly reveal the locations and levels of the two sources. This volumetric intensity probe is very similar mathematically to one described recently by the author (EGW) that used 50 microphones in an open array. The latter was used successfully inside an aircraft cabin in flight to uncover sources of noise. This work was supported by the US Office of Naval Research and Nittobo Acoustic Engineering Co. Ltd.
Microfluidic Approach for Evaluating the Solubility of Crude Oil Asphaltenes (2016)

In this paper, we describe a microfluidic approach for measuring the solubility of asphaltenes in a sample of crude oil. The solubility parameter is an important property in assessing stability of asphaltenes in crude oils and crude mixtures, particularly when blending different oils or adding diluents. A range of solvent–precipitant mixtures are added to the crude oil, which modifies the native solubility properties, and the degree of asphaltene precipitation is monitored by the change in optical absorbance for each chosen solvent volume fraction. The microfluidic solubility profiles acquired in hours are compared to conventional gravimetric measurements obtained over days and demonstrate excellent agreement. We also show the application of the data generated for tuning solubility parameter-based thermodynamic models of asphaltene precipitation in mixtures of solvents and precipitants. The microfluidic data were used to determine the asphaltene solubility parameter that ranged from 20 to 23 MPa1/2 for the crude oils used in this study, in agreement with previous reports. The more efficient use of labor and the reduction in measurement time enabled by the microfluidic method will allow for more frequent asphaltene characterization for evaluating stability and tuning models.
Identification of food-grade subtilisins as gluten-degrading enzymes to treat celiac disease (2016)

Gluten are proline- and glutamine-rich proteins present in wheat, barley, and rye and contain the immunogenic sequences that drive celiac disease (CD). Rothia mucilaginosa, an oral microbial colonizer, can cleave these gluten epitopes. The aim was to isolate and identify the enzymes and evaluate their potential as novel enzyme therapeutics for CD. The membrane-associated R. mucilaginosa proteins were extracted and separated by DEAE chromatography. Enzyme activities were monitored with paranitroanilide-derivatized and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) peptide substrates, and by gliadin zymography. Epitope elimination was determined in R5 and G12 ELISAs. The gliadin-degrading Rothia enzymes were identified by LC-ESI-MS/MS as hypothetical proteins ROTMU0001_0241 (C6R5V9_9MICC), ROTMU0001_0243 (C6R5W1_9MICC), and ROTMU0001_240 (C6R5V8_9MICC). A search with the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool revealed that these are subtilisin-like serine proteases belonging to the peptidase S8 family. Alignment of the major Rothia subtilisins indicated that all contain the catalytic triad with Asp (D), His (H), and Ser (S) in the D-H-S order. They cleaved succinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-paranitroanilide, a substrate for subtilisin with Pro in the P2 position, as in Tyr-Pro-Gln and Leu-Pro-Tyr in gluten, which are also cleaved. Consistently, FRET substrates of gliadin immunogenic epitopes comprising Xaa-Pro-Xaa motives were rapidly hydrolyzed. The Rothia subtilisins and two subtilisins from Bacillus licheniformis, subtilisin A and the food-grade Nattokinase, efficiently degraded the immunogenic gliadin-derived 33-mer peptide and the immunodominant epitopes recognized by the R5 and G12 antibodies. This study identified Rothia and food-grade Bacillus subtilisins as promising new candidates for enzyme therapeutics in CD.
Bioheat Transfer Model (BHTE) based temperature estimation technique for high intensity focused ultrasound therapy monitoring (2005)

The spatial distribution of tissue temperature is an essential indicator of thermal therapy progress, treatment safety and efficacy. Here, it is shown through in vitro experiments that temperature rise can be accurately measured during therapy delivery and post-treatment cool down phases using RF backscatter data collected with a modified ultrasound scanner. RF data is acquired prior to, during, and after HIFU exposures, in tissue mimicking phantoms and excised animal tissue. Through two calibration experiments, initial estimates for key BHTE parameters (local thermal diffusivity, and magnitude of the HIFU heat source) and the temperature dependence of ultrasonic travel time are obtained prior to therapy. Tissue heterogeneity over a larger targeted region of interest is modeled as a change in the magnitude of the focal heat source. During therapy this magnitude is updated using an iterative optimization technique that minimizes the difference between predicted and measured travel time values. Temperature and thermal dose maps are generated throughout therapy delivery and post-treatment cooling periods. The ultrasound derived estimates are validated against independent thermocouple measurements close to but not at the HIFU focus. This model-based technique permits noninvasive temperature estimation throughout the entire therapeutic range, and is thus a departure from previously reported techniques.
Disassembly via an environmentally friendly and efficient fluorous phase constructed with dendritic architectures (2010)

Abstract Traditionally the fluorous phase is generated with perfluorinated alkyl groups that are usually perfluorooctyl or longer and are bioaccummulative and biopersistent and therefore, are considered environmentally unfriendly. Here we report a new concept for the construction of the fluorous phase. This concept is based on the amplification of the fluorous effect with the help of dendritic architectures containing very short semifluorinated groups on their periphery. This new concept was demonstrated by the convergent synthesis of the first and second generation AB 3 and AB 2 benzyl ether dendrons functionalized on their periphery via catalytic nucleophilic addition of their phenolates to perfluoropropyl vinyl ether. The resulting dendrons are liquids. Their fluorous phase affinity was analyzed and demonstrated that the dendritic architecture amplifies the fluorous phase at a specific generation by the number of functional groups on the dendron periphery, and at different generations by increasing their generation number. Therefore, this concept is very efficient for the design and synthesis of new fluorous materials. In addition, by contrast with dendrons containing perfluoroalkyl groups on their periphery, the current dendrons mediate the disassembly of their parent building blocks but do not mediate the self‐assembly in a supramolecular architecture. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 2498–2508, 2010
Synthesis of SBA-1 Mesoporous Silica Crystals with Tunable Pore Size Using Sodium Silicate and Alkyltrimethylammonium Surfactants (2004)

Abstract The spherical micelle-templated SBA-1 mesoporous silicas with different pore size were conveniently synthesized from commercially available alkyltrimethylammonium surfactants and sodium silicate components in dilute solution.
Towards Holographic Flat Panel Displays (2021)

I will introduce the details of our slim-panel holographic video display, and discuss the issues and directions to improve it towards holographic flat panel displays. © 2021 The Authors
Active Vibration Suppression of the Cantilever Sting for Wind Tunnel Models with Piezoelectric Control (2019)

In wind tunnel tests, the low-frequency and large-amplitude vibration of the cantilever sting results in poor test data in pitch plane and yaw plane, and even threatens the safety. To ensure the quality of the test data, an active vibration control method and system is proposed to resist the vibration in any direction, which is based on stackable piezoelectric actuators and velocity feedbacks using accelerometers, independent of balance signals. Firstly, the motion equation of the cantilever sting with stackable piezoelectric actuators is obtained by Hamilton's principle with the assumed mode method. Then, the piezoelectric control mechanism is qualitatively analyzed and a controller based on PD algorithm is presented to strengthen the damping and mass characteristics of the cantilever sting using velocity feedbacks. Finally, an active vibration control system was established and verification experiments were conducted. The results indicate that damping ratio is enhanced more than 6 times. Spectral analyses show attenuations of more than 22 DB in any direction. The vibration control effect is ideal and the proposed active vibration control system and method were applied in real wind tunnel tests.
Storage Benchmarking for Workload Aware Storage Platform (2016)

Storage backend characterization is vital to the workload aware storage platform which aims at providing optimal mapping between storage workloads and backends. Storage benchmarking as one major activity in the path of backend characterization, is very challenging due to the diversity and complexity of the storage environments. In this paper, we present our storage benchmarking design and implementation for the workload aware storage platform. A set of workload classes each of which consists of multiple IO workloads are defined to represent application scenarios. By varying the intensity parameter that indicates the scale of workloads in workload classes, our approach examines the performance of storage backends in a black-box manner, without requiring internal knowledge of the storage backends. The applicability of the proposed solution is evaluated using a video streaming case study on an OpenStack cluster with Ceph as the storage backend.