gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vehicle indoor positioning: A survey (2017)

Positioning systems play an ever increasing key role in vehicular applications. GNSS-based systems such as GPS represent the predominant primary technology for positioning in this context. However, in densely built-up urban areas, the positional accuracy of GNSS-based systems decreases significantly, and ceases operation indoors due to the lack of line- of-sight to the satellites. In these scenarios and for use cases in which GNSS-based systems do not meet the requirements, the need for alternative localization systems arises. There is a wide range of vehicle indoor positioning approaches ranging from optical systems over IMU-based systems to LiDAR SLAM. In general, all systems can usually be classified by their perspective (internal or external) and their order (absolute or relative). Furthermore, all considered systems are very application-specific, and additionally either require a comprehensive extension of the existing infrastructure or modification of the vehicle.
PSL: Protocols and Pragmatics for Open Systems (1995)

PSL is a framework for describing dynamic and architectural properties of component-centered open systems. PSL extends established interface-based tactics for describing the functional properties of open systems to the realm of protocol description. PSL specifications consist of logical and temporal rules relating situations, each of which describes potential states with respect to the roles of components, role attributes, and the issuance and reception of events. A specialized form, PSL/IDL supports design methods and engineering tools for describing protocols in CORBA systems. 1
Using of geocomposite with superabsorbent synthetic polymers as water retention element in vegetative layers (2006)

Many earth structures are protected against erosion with grass cover. 'Green' protection is often applied in difficult conditions of water deficit - on slopes, over high per- meable layers, over drainage. Geocomposite with superabsorbent (SAP) placed in the root zone could improve the situation, because of SAP ability to retain water which can be later used by plants during draught periods. Preliminary tests made in different scales (in small containers and in natural conditions) have shown that the presence of SAP geocomposite in the vegetative layer causes more intensive growth and better development of grass root system. Positive results of research on the new material usage in bio- technical slope protection was an impulse to begin investigation on its applications in agriculture, horticulture, forestry. At this stage only qualitative evaluation tests, based on observations, have been made. The investigation will be continued with a more compre- hensive program and quantitative analysis of results.
Novel Di- and Tetracarboxylatoplatinum(IV) Complexes. Synthesis, Characterization, Cytotoxic Activity, and DNA Platination (2007)

Octahedrally configured diaminedichloro- and diamineoxalatoplatinum(IV) complexes with axial hydroxo ligands were carboxylated with succinic or glutaric anhydride. The free, uncoordinated carboxylic acid groups were further derivatized with amines and alcohols to the respective amides and esters and characterized in detail by elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, and multinuclear (1H, 13C, 15N, and 195Pt) NMR spectroscopy. Cytotoxicity of the complexes was studied in four human cancer cell lines derived from ovarian carcinoma (CH1, SK-OV-3), cervical carcinoma (HeLa), and colon carcinoma (SW480) by means of the MTT assay. Structure-activity relationships revealed a low activity for platinum complexes with underivatized carboxylic acid moieties and amide derivatives displaying the hydroxyethylamino residue. Within the series of amides, cyclopentylamino analogues were equipped with the highest cytotoxic potential. However, ester derivatives yielded IC50 values mostly in the low micromolar range and comparable to those of cisplatin. DNA platination studies of selected complexes revealed a high DNA platination capacity in parallel to a high cytotoxic potential and vice versa.
Trust and reputation model in peer-to-peer networks (2004)

It is important to enable peers to represent and update their trust in other peers in open networks for sharing files, and especially services. We propose a Bayesian network-based trust model and a method for building reputation based on recommendations in peer-to-peer networks. Since trust is multifaceted, peers need to develop differentiated trust in different aspects of other peers' capability. The peer's needs are different in different situations. Depending on the situation, a peer may need to consider its trust in a specific aspect of another peer's capability or in multiple aspects. Bayesian networks provide a flexible method to present differentiated trust and combine different aspects of trust. The evaluation of the model using a simulation shows that the system where peers communicate their experiences (recommendations) outperforms the system where peers do not share recommendations with each other and that a differentiated trust adds to the performance in terms of percentage of successful interactions.
Feasibility of combination allogeneic stem cell therapy for spinal cord injury: a case report (2010)

Cellular therapy for spinal cord injury (SCI) is overviewed focusing on bone marrow mononuclear cells, olfactory ensheathing cells, and mesenchymal stem cells. A case is made for the possibility of combining cell types, as well as for allogeneic use. We report the case of 29 year old male who suffered a crush fracture of the L1 vertebral body, lacking lower sensorimotor function, being a score A on the ASIA scale. Stem cell therapy comprised of intrathecal administration of allogeneic umbilical cord blood ex-vivo expanded CD34 and umbilical cord matrix MSC was performed 5 months, 8 months, and 14 months after injury. Cell administration was well tolerated with no adverse effects observed. Neuropathic pain subsided from intermittent 10/10 to once a week 3/10 VAS. Recovery of muscle, bowel and sexual function was noted, along with a decrease in ASIA score to "D". This case supports further investigation into allogeneic-based stem cell therapies for SCI.
An All-Digital Phase-Locked Loop with High-Resolution for SoC Applications (2006)

In this paper, we propose a very high-resolution all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL), which is designed with the cell library and described by hardware description language (HDL). The proposed ADPLL uses a novel digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) to achieve 1.06ps resolution and the proposed DCO can extend the controllable range easily. The dead zone of the proposed phase/frequency detector (PFD) is 5ps. The proposed ADPLL can be easily ported to different process as a soft intellectual property (IP) block, making it very suitable for system-on-chip (SoC) and system-level applications
Phosphorylation and activation of a high molecular weight form of phospholipase A2 by p42 microtubule-associated protein 2 kinase and protein kinase C. (1993)

Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is the enzyme regulating the release of arachidonic acid in most cell types. A high molecular mass, 85-kDa soluble form of PLA2 (cPLA2) has recently been identified, the activity of which is stably increased by stimulation of cells with hormones and growth factors. Growth factor stimulation of cells has been reported to result in increased phosphorylation of cPLA2 on serine residues, but the kinases mediating this effect have not been identified. We report here that human cPLA2 is phosphorylated in vitro by two growth factor-stimulated serine/threonine-specific kinases, p42 MAP kinase and protein kinase C (PKC). Phosphorylation of the cPLA2 enzyme by either kinase results in an increase in catalytic cPLA2-specific activity. Domains of the cPLA2 molecule have been expressed in Escherichia coli, and the fusion proteins purified. PKC and p42 MAP kinase give different patterns of phosphorylation of the recombinantly expressed cPLA2 fragments. p42 MAP kinase selectively phosphorylates the domain of cPLA2 containing a MAP kinase consensus sequence, whereas PKC phosphorylates sites in all three recombinantly expressed domains of the enzyme. Peptide mapping indicates that the site phosphorylated by p42 MAP kinase is different from those phosphorylated by PKC. The combined action of both of these kinases is likely to mediate the effects of growth factor stimulation on arachidonic acid release through the activation of cPLA2.
Critical Contribution of Linker Proteins to Raf Kinase Activation (2002)

Genetic analysis of Ras signaling has unveiled the participation of non-enzymatic accessory proteins in signal transmission. These proteins, KSR, CNK, and Sur-8, can interact with multiple core components of the Ras/MAP kinase cascade and may contribute to the structural organization of this cascade. However, the precise biochemical nature of the contribution of these proteins to Ras signaling is currently unknown. Here we show directly that CNK and KSR are required for stimulus dependent Raf kinase activation. CNK is required for membrane recruitment of Raf, while KSR is likely required to couple Raf to upstream kinases. These results demonstrate that CNK and KSR are integral components of the cellular machinery mediating Raf activation.
Examining growth monitoring practices for children in primary care (2017)

Growth monitoring is the long-standing practice used to identify children who fall outside healthy growth parameters. It has been proposed as a key activity for childhood obesity prevention.1 Accurate growth monitoring requires specific techniques and equipment and plotting measurements on a growth chart. The objective of this study was to determine if primary care providers follow recommended growth monitoring practices, including measurement techniques, standardised equipment and use of appropriate growth charts at all health visits.

An electronic survey was distributed between December 2016 and February 2017. The sampling frame was health professionals (physicians, dietitians, nurses) most responsible for growth measurement in primary care practices in the province of Ontario, Canada. The survey assessed the following: measurement equipment, technique, growth chart use and timing (scheduled and/or …
Integrated control of in-wheel-motored electric vehicles using a model predictive control method (2014)

A model predictive control (MPC) approach for the integrated control of active front steering (AFS), direct yaw moment control (DYC) and motor torque allocation in four in-wheel driving electric vehicles (EVs) is presented. A nonlinear vehicle model is formulated with nonlinear tire characteristic for MPC method, which can predict future system dynamics in predict horizon. And a cost function of the optimal control problem is defined over a receding horizon in order to meet the multiple control requirements taking hard constraints into account. The MPC scheme is composed of two parts: a high-level reference module related to driver steering commands, and a low-level MPC control allocation computing a sequence of control outputs to improve yaw stability performance at each sample time. The proposed controller is verified effectively on eight degrees of freedom (8DOF) nonlinear EVs model platform.
Neutral Face Game Character Auto-Creation via PokerFace-GAN (2020)

Game character customization is one of the core features of many recent Role-Playing Games (RPGs), where players can edit the appearance of their in-game characters with their preferences. This paper studies the problem of automatically creating in-game characters with a single photo. In recent literature on this topic, neural networks are introduced to make game engine differentiable and the self-supervised learning is used to predict facial customization parameters. However, in previous methods, the expression parameters and facial identity parameters are highly coupled with each other, making it difficult to model the intrinsic facial features of the character. Besides, the neural network based renderer used in previous methods is also difficult to be extended to multi-view rendering cases. In this paper, considering the above problems, we propose a novel method named "PokerFace-GAN" for neutral face game character auto-creation. We first build a differentiable character renderer which is more flexible than the previous methods in multi-view rendering cases. We then take advantage of the adversarial training to effectively disentangle the expression parameters from the identity parameters and thus generate player-preferred neutral face (expression-less) characters. Since all components of our method are differentiable, our method can be easily trained under a multi-task self-supervised learning paradigm. Experiment results show that our method can generate vivid neutral face game characters that are highly similar to the input photos. The effectiveness of our method is verified by comparison results and ablation studies.
Finite element analysis (FEA) applied to polyethylene foam cushions in package drop tests (2004)

Abstract Two designs of polyethylene (PE) foam cushions were compared, using a rigid ‘product’ of mass 5.6 kg, and an outer corrugated fibreboard box. The acceleration–time history for the product was measured when the box was dropped flat from 1 m onto a rigid floor. The data was processed to calculate the impact force as a function of the packaging deformation. Finite element analysis (FEA) predictions of the impact force vs. package deflection were accurate for end‐cap designs using Ethafoam, but underestimated the slope of the experimental force vs. deflection relation for corner‐cap designs. The corner‐cap design is more efficient in reducing the peak product acceleration for multiple impacts. The contribution of the corrugated board box to the impact response appears to be small. The FEA results were compared with those from the cushion curve design method and were found to better predict the performance of complex shaped cushions. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mechanisms of Resistance to EGFR TKIs and Development of a New Generation of Drugs in Non‐Small‐Cell Lung Cancer (2011)

Gefitinib and erlotinib, which are epidermal growth factor receptor- (EGFR-) specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), are widely used as molecularly targeted drugs for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Currently, the search for EGFR gene mutations is becoming essential for the treatment of NSCLC since these have been identified as predictive factors for drug sensitivity. On the other hand, in almost all patients responsive to EGFR-TKIs, acquired resistance is a major clinical problem. Mechanisms of acquired resistance reported in the past few years include secondary mutation of the EGFR gene, amplification of the MET gene, and overexpression of HGF; novel pharmaceutical agents are currently being developed to overcome resistance. This review focuses on these mechanisms of acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs and discusses how they can be overcome.
Evaluation of a hydrazide‐linked α<sub>1</sub>‐acid glycoprotein chiral stationary phase: Separation of <i>R</i>‐ and <i>S</i>‐propranolol (2006)

The binding and chiral separation of R- and S-propranolol was investigated on a new type of alpha1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) column. This column was prepared through the controlled and mild oxidation of AGP, followed by the immobilization of this protein to hydrazide-activated silica. The effects of temperature, pH, ionic strength, and organic modifiers on the retention and separation of R- and S-propranolol were investigated on this column. Both the association equilibrium constants and number of binding sites for R/S-propranolol on the AGP column were found to increase with temperature and affect the measured retention factors for these compounds. Regarding the other factors, a change in the organic modifier concentration was found to give the largest change in retention and separation. It was found through these studies that both coulombic and hydrophobic interactions played important roles in determining the retention of R- and S-propranolol on the AGP column. The efficiency and separation impedance of this system were also considered. Under the final optimum conditions identified in this study, it was possible to separate R- and S-propranolol with a resolution of greater than 1.38 in less than 5 min on a 4.1 mm I.D. x 5 cm column.
Imaging <i>Enterobacterales</i> infections in patients using pathogen-specific positron emission tomography (2021)

<i>Enterobacterales</i> represent the largest group of bacterial pathogens in humans and are responsible for severe, deep-seated infections, often resulting in sepsis or death. They are also a prominent cause of multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections, and some species are recognized as biothreat pathogens. Tools for noninvasive, whole-body analysis that can localize a pathogen with specificity are needed, but no such technology currently exists. We previously demonstrated that positron emission tomography (PET) with 2-deoxy-2-[<sup>18</sup>F]fluoro-d-sorbitol (<sup>18</sup>F-FDS) can selectively detect <i>Enterobacterales</i> infections in murine models. Here, we demonstrate that uptake of <sup>18</sup>F-FDS by bacteria occurs via a metabolically conserved sorbitol-specific pathway with rapid in vitro <sup>18</sup>F-FDS uptake noted in clinical strains, including MDR isolates. Whole-body <sup>18</sup>F-FDS PET/computerized tomography (CT) in 26 prospectively enrolled patients with either microbiologically confirmed <i>Enterobacterales</i> infection or other pathologies demonstrated that <sup>18</sup>F-FDS PET/CT was safe, could rapidly detect and localize <i>Enterobacterales</i> infections due to drug-susceptible or MDR strains, and differentiated them from sterile inflammation or cancerous lesions. Repeat imaging in the same patients monitored antibiotic efficacy with decreases in PET signal correlating with clinical improvement. To facilitate the use of <sup>18</sup>F-FDS, we developed a self-contained, solid-phase cartridge to rapidly (<10 min) formulate ready-to-use <sup>18</sup>F-FDS from commercially available 2-deoxy-2-[<sup>18</sup>F]fluoro-d-glucose (<sup>18</sup>F-FDG) at room temperature. In a hamster model, <sup>18</sup>F-FDS PET/CT also differentiated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia from secondary <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> pneumonia-a leading cause of complications in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. These data support <sup>18</sup>F-FDS as an innovative and readily available, pathogen-specific PET technology with clinical applications.
Non-contact liquid level measurement with electromagnetic–acoustic resonator sensors (2009)

Electromagnetic–acoustic transduction represents an alternative to piezoelectric transduction with unique properties and advantages for resonator sensors. We have shown that such devices are suitable as mass microbalances similar to quartz crystal resonators, and as liquid density and viscosity sensors by exciting a suitable in-plane mode featuring dominant shear vibration. Generating out-of-plane vibrations we have applied these devices also as liquid level sensors. In contrast to classic time-of-flight ultrasonic liquid level sensors, the resolution is not limited by the wavelength, since small frequency changes due to interference effects with a standing acoustic wave are evaluated. For this contribution we have extensively evaluated this liquid level sensing and will present and compare new measurement and modeling results. The model comprises electromagnetic–acoustic interaction with a lossy transmission line representing the acoustic wave in the liquid. In impedance measurements with standard lab equipment a resolution as low as 3 µm at a liquid level of 10 mm and an operating frequency of 275 kHz has been achieved.
Competition for immune complexes by red cells in human blood. (1982)

Antigen:antibody complexes, prepared with 125I-bovine serum albumin and guinea or rabbit antibody, were added to serum and blood cells from normal individuals and binding studied. When antigen:antibody were pre-incubated with serum in varying proportions for 30 min at 37 degrees C and then mixed with washed unseparated cells, binding increased to a maximum (70% of added complexes) and then decreased as serum to antigen:antibody proportions were increased. Separation of cells revealed that following maximal binding to unfractionated cells, complexes were predominantly associated with red blood cells (RBC), even though complexes bound less per cell to RBC than to white blood cells following addition of complexes to separated cells. Binding to RBC was reduced by zymosan treatment of serum and abolished by heat inactivation or substitution of non-primate RBC (known not to possess C3b receptors) for human RBC, indicating that binding to human RBC was via C3b receptors. When antigen:antibody were incubated at 37 degrees C directly with serum and unfractionated blood cells, maximal binding occurred after 2-4 minutes and declined thereafter. Identical kinetics were observed when purified RBC were substituted for whole blood cells. When diluted or hypocomplementemic (systemic lupus erythematosus) serum was substituted for neat serum, maximal binding was delayed and sustained. Our findings suggest that RBC in human blood can compete with other cell types for immune complexes at that stage during the sequence of reactions between complexes and complement when complexes are able to bind to C3b receptors.
PENICILLIN ACYLASE: ENZYME PRODUCTION AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE MANUFACTURE OF 6-APA (1989)

Immobilised penicillin acylases, both penicillin G and penicillin V acylases have been used extensively in the industrial production of 6-aminopenicillanic acid. This review presents an overview of the state-of-the art in the production of the enzyme and its application in the manufacture of 6-aminopenicillanic acid, the key intermediate in semi-synthetic penicillins production. Penicillin acylases used industrially are immobilised on solid matrices mostly by covalent bonding or by copolymerisation and such preparations of the enzymes are available commercially. Both stirred-tank and packed-column type of reactors have been used in the hydrolysis of penicillin
Natriuretic Peptide Precursor C Delays Meiotic Resumption and Sustains Gap Junction-Mediated Communication in Bovine Cumulus-Enclosed Oocytes1 (2014)

Oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) has become a valuable technological tool for animal breeding and cloning and the treatment of human infertility because it does not require the administration of exogenous gonadotropin to obtain fertilizable oocytes. However, embryo development after IVM is lower compared to in vivo maturation, most likely because oocytes collected for IVM are heterogeneous with respect to their developmental competencies. Attempts to improve IVM outcome have relied upon either prematuration culture (PMC) or two-step maturation strategies in the hope of normalizing variations in developmental competence. Such culture systems invoke the pharmacological arrest of meiosis, in theory providing oocytes sufficient time to complete the acquisition of developmental competence after cumulus-enclosed oocytes isolation from the follicle. The present study was designed to test the efficiency of natriuretic peptide precursor C (NPPC) as a nonpharmacologic meiosis-arresting agent during IVM in a monoovulatory species. NPPC has been shown to maintain meiotic arrest in vivo and in vitro in mice and pigs; however, the use of this molecule for PMC has yet to have been explored. Toward this end, meiotic cell cycle reentry, gap-junction functionality, and chromatin configuration changes were investigated in bovine cumulus-enclosed oocytes cultured in the presence of NPPC. Moreover, oocyte developmental competence was investigated after IVM, in vitro fertilization, and embryo culture and compared to standard IVM-in vitro fertilization protocol without PMC. Our results suggest that NPPC can be used to delay meiotic resumption and increase the developmental competence of bovine oocytes when used in PMC protocols.