gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Europium- and lithium-doped yttrium oxide nanocrystals that provide a linear emissive response with X-ray radiation exposure (2014)

Eu- and Li-doped yttrium oxide nanocrystals [Y2-xO3; Eux, Liy], in which Eu and Li dopant ion concentrations were systematically varied, were developed and characterized (TEM, XRD, Raman spectroscopic, UV-excited lifetime, and ICP-AES data) in order to define the most emissive compositions under specific X-ray excitation conditions. These optimized [Y2-xO3; Eux, Liy] compositions display scintillation responses that: (i) correlate linearly with incident radiation exposure at X-ray energies spanning from 40-220 kVp, and (ii) manifest no evidence of scintillation intensity saturation at the highest evaluated radiation exposures [up to 4 Roentgen per second]. For the most emissive nanoscale scintillator composition, [Y1.9O3; Eu0.1, Li0.16], excitation energies of 40, 120, and 220 kVp were chosen to probe the dependence of the integrated emission intensity upon X-ray exposure-rate in energy regimes having different mass-attenuation coefficients and where either the photoelectric or the Compton effect governs the scintillation mechanism. These experiments demonstrate for the first time for that for comparable radiation exposures, when the scintillation mechanism is governed by the photoelectric effect and a comparably larger mass-attenuation coefficient (120 kVp excitation), greater integrated emission intensities are recorded relative to excitation energies where the Compton effect regulates scintillation (220 kVp) in nanoscale [Y2-xO3; Eux] crystals. Nanoscale [Y1.9O3; Eu0.1, Li0.16] (70 ± 20 nm) was further exploited as a detector material in a prototype fiber-optic radiation sensor. The scintillation intensity from the [Y1.9O3; Eu0.1, Li0.16]-modified, 400 μm sized optical fiber tip, recorded using a CCD-photodetector and integrated over the 605-617 nm wavelength domain, was correlated with radiation exposure using a Precision XRAD 225Cx small-animal image guided radiation therapy (IGRT) system. For both 80 and 225 kVp energies, this radiotransparent device recorded scintillation intensities that tracked linearly with total radiation exposure, highlighting its capability to provide alternately accurate dosimetry measurements for both diagnostic imaging (80 kVp) and radiation therapy treatment (225 kVp).
Base developable negative tone molecular resist based on epoxide cross-linking (2015)

A negative tone, aqueous base developable molecular glass resist, 3Ep, is presented that is developable in both standard organic solvents and aqueous base developers. The resist shows slightly better imaging performance in organic solvent versus aqueous base and shows a shift of E0 away from zero dose. Compared to a previously reported 4Ep resist, 3Ep appears to have a more controlled polymerization rate at equivalent conditions, which results in higher-quality patterned features. 3Ep also requires use of an underlayer to avoid de-wetting during aqueous base development.
Converting Waste Vegetable Oil to Emulsifier for Invert-Emulsion Oil Based Mud (2019)

Abstract Primary emulsifiers are an integral part of an invert emulsion (water in oil) oil based mud system. These are a class of long chain fatty acids and their derivatives. Primary function of an emulsifier in invert emulsion invert emulsion oil based mud system is to minimize the interfacial tension (IFT) between water and oil to have a stable emulsion which is an important quality of oil based mud. Water droplets are surrounded by these long chain fatty acids like an encapsulation. Fatty acids have hydrophilic head group and hydrophobic head group. The hydrophilic end groups are in contact with the surface of water droplets while the hydrophobic tail groups extend into oil phase thereby forming an osmatic cell. Only water can pass through the osmatic cell wall but not salts. Tall oil fatty acid (TOFA) are the most widely used commercially available emulsifiers which shows excellent emulsion stability even at harsh conditions such as high temperature and high pressure. TOFA is a by product of paper industry. Vegetable oil is also a good source of fatty acids present in the form of triglycerides of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids of varying carbon chain lengths. Our focus on this work is to utilize the abundant availability of used cooking/vegetable oil available for the application of emulsifier by chemical modification. A comparative study has been carried out by formulating invert-emulsion OBM using commercially available emulsifier and the emulsifier derived from used cooking/vegetable oil. The performance of emulsifier developed from waste vegetable oil has been discussed in detail.
Polymer coating as a strain witness in thermoelasticity (1998)

The work described in this paper offers the possibility of using a polymer coating as a strain witness in thermoelasticity. In particular, the efficacy of a polymer coating for making thermoelastic measurements is investigated by experiment and the supporting theory is presented. It was found that the thermoelastic response is greatest with thick coatings at high frequencies. However, thicknesses of more than 0.5 mm and frequencies greater than 5 Hz provide adequate results.
Changes in transforming growth factor beta1 gene expression and immunoreactivity levels during development of chronic radiation enteropathy. (1998)

Chronic intestinal radiation injury is associated with locally increased TGF-beta1 immunoreactivity that correlates with morphological alterations. However, the underlying mechanisms are not known. This study examined changes in intestinal TGF-beta1 immunoreactivity, steady-state TGF-beta1 mRNA levels, and cellular localization of TGF-beta1 mRNA during development of chronic radiation enteropathy in a rat model. A loop of small bowel was fixed inside the scrotum of orchiectomized male rats. The intestine was subsequently exposed locally to 0, 12 or 21 Gy X radiation. Intestine was procured at 24 h and 2, 6 and 26 weeks and subjected to histopathological analysis, quantitative immunohistochemistry with computerized image analysis, assessment of steady-state TGF-beta1 mRNA levels with quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and identification of cell types expressing TGF-beta1 mRNA with in situ hybridization. Intestine from the 21-Gy group exhibited more histopathological injury and increased TGF-beta immunoreactivity 2-26 weeks after irradiation compared to the 12-Gy group and sham-irradiated controls. TGF-beta1 mRNA in irradiated intestine increased up to six times relative to controls at 24 h and 2 weeks, was less at 6 weeks, and did not differ from controls at 26 weeks. In situ hybridization detected TGF-beta1 mRNA in epithelial and Paneth cells in control intestine. Irradiated intestine exhibited additional TGF-beta1 mRNA in inflammatory and fibroblast-like cells. We conclude that there is a radiation-induced shift in the cellular sources of TGF-beta1, and that Tgfb1 gene expression is increased mainly during the early phases of radiation enteropathy, preceding the increase in immunoreactivity and histopathological injury. Translational or post-translational mechanisms are likely involved in sustaining increased TGF-beta1 immunoreactivity levels during the chronic phase of radiation enteropathy.
Synthesis of New Thiophene‐Substituted 3,3‐Diphenyl‐3<i>H</i>‐naphtho[2,1‐<i>b</i>]pyrans by Cross‐Coupling Reactions, Precursors of Photomodulated Materials (2003)

Abstract 3,3‐Diphenyl‐3 H ‐naphtho[2,1‐ b ]pyrans linked to one, two, or three thiophene nuclei in different positions of the naphthalene moiety (5, 6, 8, and 9) by a covalent bond have been prepared in good yields. A Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction was used with two possible strategies: chromenization before the coupling with oligothiophenes or chromenization after the coupling, the main intermediates being the diphenyl propargylic alcohol, the functionalized naphthol derivatives, and the thiophenic boronates. The overall yields for obtaining such photochromic compounds are generally quite satisfying. For the 7‐position, the coupling reaction has been realized using a Grignard reaction between a tetralone derivative and a thiophenic bromo magnesium intermediate. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
WE-D-332-08: Experimental Demonstration of Simultaneous High Spatial and High Temporal Resolution Using Prior Image Constrained Compressed Sensing (PICCS) for Gated CT Reconstruction (2008)

Purpose: Recently an extension to compressed sensing theory has been proposed in which a prior image is used to constrain the reconstruction process. This new algorithm may be applied to gated CT acquisitions where a fully sampled ‘blurred’ image is used as the prior image to constrain images reconstructed at each phase. Our hypothesis is that the PICCS algorithm can accurately track moving objects throughout a given cyclic motion profile. The purpose of this study is to experimentally verify this hypothesis. Method and Materials: The PICCS algorithm was implemented on a clinical C-arm system (GE Innova 4100). A phantom was constructed using human bones to simulate a realistic background of ribs and vertebrae. A 3 mm plastic rod was scanned along a one dimensional motion profile. The motion profile had a period of 0.8sec with a resting phase of 0.2 sec, and an amplitude of 8 mm. 420 cone-beam projections were acquired using a 14 second data acquisition time over 210 degrees. PICCS reconstructed was applied to the gated data such that 25 phases were reconstructed. Results: The center of mass of the moving rod was calculated based on the reconstructed images and agrees well with the programmed motion profile for all points in the simulated motion profile. Intensity plots are given comparing the gated PICCS reconstruction to the standard filtered backprojection algorithm. The PICCS reconstruction results also faithfully depict the width of the moving objects. When the width of the gating window in the PICCS algorithm is increased the width of the reconstructed moving object increases. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that for moving objects PICCS has the ability to reconstruct images with simultaneous high spatial resolution and temporal resolution via gated reconstruction. PICCS has the potential to improve reconstruction for gated acquisitions such as cardiac and lung imaging.
Adaptive Telemetry Multiplexer (1989)

Telemetry-data-acquisition unit adjusted remotely to produce changes in sampling rate, sampling channels, measurement scale, and output-bias level. Functional configuration adapted to changing conditions or new requirements by distant operator over telemetry link. Reconfiguration done in real time, without removing equipment from service. Bus-interface unit accepts reprogramming commands and translates them for low-rate adaptive multiplexer. Reprogrammable equipment reduces need for spare parts, since not necessary to stock variety of hardware with fixed characteristics. Adaptive multiplexer performs well in tests, amplitude errors less than 0.5 percent, distortion less than 0.25 percent, and crosstalk and common-mode rejection indiscernible.
Antibody responses to prostate‐associated antigens in patients with prostatitis and prostate cancer (2010)

These findings suggest an association between inflammatory conditions of the prostate and prostate cancer, and suggest that IgG responses to a panel of commonly recognized prostate antigens could be potentially used in the identification of patients at risk for prostate cancer or as a tool to identify immune responses elicited to prostate tissue.
Forebody vortex management for yaw control at high angles of attack (1987)

The yaw-control potential of deployable forebody strakes at angles of attack above the range of conventional rudder effectiveness has been investigated. The conformally-stored strakes when deployed force asymmetrical vortex shedding from the forebody, thereby generating a controlled yawing moment. The concept was explored through low-speed wind tunnel tests on a conical forebody in isolation and in a generic fighter configuration. Force and moment measurements on the complete model were supplemented with circumferential pressure and flow-visualization surveys on an isolated forebody, in order to gain insight into the vortex flow mechanisms resulting from forced asymmetrical separations and to quantify the obtainable yaw power at angles of attack to 80 deg. This preliminary, low-Reynolds-number study showed asymmetrically-deployed forebody strakes to have considerable yaw control potential, whose sensitivity to scale effects needs further investigation.
Analysis of 5‐fluorouracil in saliva using surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (2004)

Abstract The ability of surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to measure the chemotherapy drug 5‐fluorouracil in saliva is presented. A silver‐doped sol–gel provided SERS and also some chemical selectivity. 5‐Fluorouracil and physiological thiocyanate produced SERS, whereas large biochemicals, such as enzymes and proteins, did not, supporting the expectation that the larger molecules do not diffuse through the sol–gel to any appreciable extent. In addition, 5‐fluorouracil samples of 2 µg ml −1 were easily measured, and an estimated limit of detection of 150 ng ml −1 in 5 min should provide sufficient sensitivity to perform pharmacokinetic studies and to monitor and regulate patient dosage. This would fill a critical need for this highly used drug, since genetic‐based variations in its metabolism can range by as much as five‐fold from one patient to another. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TL1A level (low versus high) differentially affects expansion and function of regulatory and effector T cells. (CCR3P.218) (2014)

Abstract Patients with Crohn’s disease have increased mucosal expression of TL1A. Mice generated with sustained and elevated T cell expression of Tl1a (L-Tg) have increased Foxp3+ Treg cells yet develop worsened ileitis, proximal migration of colitis and intestinal fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Tl1a in the differentiation and function of Tregs. In the L-Tg mice, the CD4+ T cell population was comprised of GFPhigh and GFPlow cells that correlated with the level of Tl1a expression. We found that Foxp3 expression was significantly higher in the GFPlow population of CD4+ T cells compared to the GFPhigh cells. The GFPlowFoxp3+ T cells expressed high Nrp-1, GARP, and LAG-3 surface markers and were more suppressive in function whereas the GFPhigh Foxp3+ T cells had an activated effector memory phenotype and were highly proliferative. Induced Tregs differentiated in-vitro from naïve GFPlow CD4+ T cells expanded into TGF-β producing Foxp3 T cells whereas naïve T cells from the GFPhigh fraction expanded into cells with a Th2 phenotype, producing IL-4, IL-13 and IL-10. Preliminary data from a T cell co-transfer study suggested that mice cotransferred with the GFPlowFoxp3+ T cells were better protected from weight loss compared to mice cotransferred with GFPhighFoxp3+ T cells. These data suggest that level of Tl1a (high v. low) differentially influenced the expansion of effector and Treg cells leading to either a pro-inflammatory or protective mucosal environment.
Seismic range equation (1990)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1990Seismic range equationAuthors: Richard E. DurenRichard E. DurenExxon Production Researchhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1890036 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1890036FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byDeterministic spectral balancing for high‐fidelity AVOSpyros Lazaratos and Chris Finn3 January 2005 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1990ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1990 Pages: 1779 publication data© 1990 Copyright © 1990 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Richard E. Duren, (1990), "Seismic range equation," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1495-1498. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1890036 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Wireless Sensor Network Effectively Controls Center Pivot Irrigation of Sorghum (2013)

<abstract><title><italic>Abstract. </italic></title> Automatic irrigation scheduling has been demonstrated using wired sensors and sensor network systems with subsurface drip and moving irrigation systems. However, there are limited studies that report on crop yield and water use efficiency resulting from the use of wireless networks to automatically schedule and control irrigations. In this 2011 study, a multinode wireless sensor network (WSN) system was mounted onto a six-span center pivot equipped with a commercial variable rate irrigation (VRI) system. Data from the WSN was used to calculate an integrated crop water stress index (iCWSI) threshold for automatic irrigation scheduling of grain sorghum. Crop response to the automatic method was compared with manual irrigation scheduling using weekly direct soil water measurements. The WSN system was operational throughout 98% of the growing season, and the delivery rates for data packets from the different nodes ranged between 90% and 98%. Dry grain yields and WUE in the automatic and manual treatment plots were not significantly different from each other at any of the irrigation levels. Crop water use and WUE were highest in the I<sub>80%</sub> irrigation treatment level. Average seasonal integrated crop water stress indices were negatively correlated to irrigation treatment amounts in both the manual and automatic plots and correlated well to crop water use. These results demonstrate that it is feasible to use WSN systems for irrigation management on a field-scale level.
A nonlinear resonant switch (1989)

A resonant switch is introduced that uses linear tank elements. Zero-current switching is obtained even through the peak transistor voltage and current stresses can approach those of an equivalent ideal pulsewidth-modulated converter. Reduced switching loss without a substantial increase in conduction loss is therefore possible. An approximate analysis is outlined, and transistor peak-voltage and current stresses are shown to be much lower than those of linear resonant switch technologies. Single-transistor implementations of the buck, boost, and buck-boost nonlinear resonant switch converters are given. Results are presented which experimentally prove the validity of the nonlinear resonant switch concept, as well as that of the approximate analysis.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Intramolecular Hydrogen Transfer Reaction: Menthon from Isopulegol (2014)

The flavor menthon (isomeric mixture of (-)-menthon and (+)-isomenthon) was obtained in good yields and selectivities by a solventless ruthenium catalyzed isomerization of the homoallylic alcohol (-)-isopulegol. In contrast to most previous assumptions on such "isomerization" reactions, this reaction follows an intermolecular pathway, with menthol and pulegon being the central intermediates in this transformation.
Modulation of Substrate Specificity within the Amino Acid Editing Site of Leucyl-tRNA Synthetase (2007)

The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases covalently link transfer RNAs to their cognate amino acids. Some of the tRNA synthetases have evolved editing mechanisms to ensure fidelity in this first step of protein synthesis. The amino acid editing site for leucyl- (LeuRS) and isoleucyl- (IleRS) tRNA synthetases reside within homologous CP1 domains. In each case, a threonine-rich peptide and a second conserved GTG region that are separated by about 100 amino acids comprise parts of the hydrolytic editing site. While a number of sites are conserved between these two enzymes and likely confer a commonality to the mechanisms, some positions are idiosyncratic to LeuRS or IleRS. Herein, we provide evidence that a conserved arginine and threonine at respective sites in LeuRS and IleRS diverged to confer amino acid substrate recognition. This site complements other sites in the amino acid binding pocket of the editing active site of Escherichia coli LeuRS, including Thr252 and Val338, which collectively fine-tune amino acid specificity to confer fidelity.
A high performance split-radix FFT with constant geometry architecture (2012)

High performance hardware FFTs have numerous applications in instrumentation and communication systems. This paper describes a new parallel FFT architecture which combines the split-radix algorithm with a constant geometry interconnect structure. The split-radix algorithm is known to have lower multiplicative complexity than both radix-2 and radix-4 algorithms. However, it conventionally involves an L-shaped butterfly datapath whose irregular shape has uneven latencies and makes scheduling difficult. This work proposes a split-radix datapath that avoids the L-shape. With this, the split-radix algorithm can be mapped onto a constant geometry interconnect structure in which the wiring in each FFT stage is identical, resulting in low multiplexing overhead. Further, we exploit the lower arithmetic complexity of split-radix to lower dynamic power, by gating the multipliers during trivial multiplications. The proposed FFT achieves 46% lower power than a parallel radix-4 design at 4.5GS/s when computing a 128-point real-valued transform.
Abstract PR05: Reversing the oncogenic roles of misdirected chromatin remodeling: Disruption of mSWI/SNF (BAF) complexes by the SS18-SSX fusion in human synovial sarcoma (2013)

Abstract Recent exon- and genome-wide sequencing studies of human cancers have revealed frequent mutations in genes encoding subunits of mSWI/SNF or BAF complexes and implicated them as tumor suppressors. Indeed, we estimate that they are mutated in &gt;20% of human cancers (Kadoch et al, Nature Genetics 2013). Interestingly, the subunits most commonly mutated are not required for chromatin remodeling in vitro and thus may contribute to chromatin regulation in a novel way. One difficultly in understanding the oncogenic role(s) of these complexes is distinguishing primary driving mutations from passenger mutations. To investigate the mechanism underlying oncogenesis, we studied human synovial sarcoma (SS), in which transformation results from a remarkably precise and uniform translocation of exactly 78 amino acids of SSX (SSX1, 2 or 4) to the SS18 protein. In a proteomic study we discovered that SS18 is a dedicated, non-exchangeable subunit of BAF complexes. We demonstrate that the hallmark SS18-SSX fusion incorporates into BAF complexes, evicting both the wild-type SS18 protein and the tumor suppressor, hSNF5 (BAF47), which is known to be biallelically inactivated in malignant rhabdoid tumors. The altered complex binds the Sox2 locus, reversing polycomb-mediated H3K27me3 repression and activating Sox2. Sox2 is uniformly expressed in SS tumors and is essential for proliferation. Remarkably, increasing the concentration of wild-type SS18 leads to reassembly of wild-type complexes, retargeting of BAF complexes, returned polycomb-mediated repression at the Sox2 locus and cessation of SS cell proliferation. This mechanism of transformation depends on a two amino acid hydrophilic region of SSX and hence provides a potential foundation for therapeutic intervention. Citation Format: Cigall Kadoch, Gerald R. Crabtree. Reversing the oncogenic roles of misdirected chromatin remodeling: Disruption of mSWI/SNF (BAF) complexes by the SS18-SSX fusion in human synovial sarcoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chromatin and Epigenetics in Cancer; Jun 19-22, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(13 Suppl):Abstract nr PR05.