gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Maximum likelihood estimation for yield analysis [IC manufacture] (2002)

This paper presents an iterative maximum likelihood (ML) estimation method for statistical analysis of yield loss. By means of Inductive Fault Analysis (IFA) and circuit simulation, the mapping between defect types to the corresponding fault signature is constructed. Using the count of each fault signature occurrence, which is provided by a tester, the most likely causes of low yield are identified automatically without the need for physically deprocessing the defective ICs. We show that our method is superior to current practices for yield analysis which use a least squares fit or partial tester data to estimate defect densities.
Heterojunction GaAs/GaAlAs transistors with enhanced gain from avalanche multiplication (1977)

A GaAlAs/GaAs heterojunction transistor has been made using liquid-phase epitaxy. The emitter stripe was 10µm wide by 100µm long. The base and emitter had equal impurity content around 5 × 1023/m3 but, with the wide band gap GaALAs emitter, low-frequency current gains approaching 2000 were found. This is amongst the highest so far recorded for this type of transistor. The alpha-cutoff frequency was estimated to be around 1 GHz, but the unity gain frequency was experimentally as low as 100 MHz. This was attributed to high r.f. resistance, possibly caused by the Schottky barrier contact to the base region. When the basecollector region was driven close to primary breakdown, current densities in excess of 3 × 107 A/m2 could be obtained without secondary breakdown occurring, at least for the duration of the bias pulse. This appeared to be about an order of magnitude better than for a comparable Si transistor. Avalanche multiplication could then increase the unity gain frequency to 400 MHz.
Scavenger Receptor Class B Is Required for Hepatitis C Virus Uptake and Cross-Presentation by Human Dendritic Cells (2008)

Class B scavenger receptors (SR-Bs) bind lipoproteins and play an important role in lipid metabolism. Most recently, SR-B type I (SR-BI) and its splicing variant SR-BII have been found to mediate bacterial adhesion and cytosolic bacterial invasion in mammalian cells. In this study, we demonstrate that SR-BI is a key host factor required for hepatitis C virus (HCV) uptake and cross-presentation by human dendritic cells (DCs). Whereas monocytes and T and B cells were characterized by very low or undetectable SR-BI expression levels, human DCs demonstrated a high level of cell surface expression of SR-BI similar to that of primary human hepatocytes. Antibodies targeting the extracellular loop of SR-BI efficiently inhibited HCV-like particle binding, uptake, and cross-presentation by human DCs. Moreover, human high-density lipoprotein specifically modulated HCV-like particle binding to DCs, indicating an interplay of HCV with the lipid transfer function of SR-BI in DCs. Finally, we demonstrate that anti-SR-BI antibodies inhibit the uptake of cell culture-derived HCV (HCVcc) in DCs. In conclusion, these findings identify a novel function of SR-BI for viral antigen uptake and recognition and may have an important impact on the design of HCV vaccines and immunotherapeutic approaches aiming at the induction of efficient antiviral immune responses.
Channel Code Aided Decision-Directed Channel Estimation for MIMO OFDM/SDMA Systems Based on the "Expectation-Conditional Maximization Either" Algorithm (2010)

In this paper, a Forward Error Coded (FEC) Decision-Directed (FEC-DD) channel estimation scheme is proposed for Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing/Space Division Multiple Access (OFDM/SDMA) systems which is based on the Expectation-Conditional Maximization Either (ECME) algorithm. The proposed DD technique is combined with the Optimised Hierarchy Reduced Search Algorithm (OHRSA) based Multi-User Detector (MUD) and directly calculates the Maximization-Step (M-Step) by conditionally maximizing the logarithmic likelihood function of the "incomplete" data. We avoid the employment of matrix inversion, since only a single subcarrier's Frequency-Domain CHannel Transfer Function (FD-CHTF) is calculated at a time, since we assume that the other subcarriers' FD-CHTFs are the most recent estimates from the previous iteration of the proposed scheme. Our simulation results have demonstrated that the proposed scheme is capable of reducing the received power requirement by 4dB upon exploiting the error correction capability of a FEC decoder within the ECME loop.
A Sun Sensor Based on Regular Pyramid Sensor Arrays (2019)

Non-planar sun sensors determine solar position by existing photodiodes or solar panels without increasing the size or mass of aerospace equipment such as satellites. However, it suffers from the coarse orientation accuracy. A sun sensor that is formed by photodiodes or solar panels mounted on the lateral surfaces of regular pyramid was proposed to reduce the estimated error of the sun vector, which indirectly improve the accuracy of solar orientation determination. The orientation formulation of the sun sensor and its sun vector error were derived to evaluate the interference suppression for the sun sensor. Experimental data validates the maximum error of orientation is less than 1° in a clear sky by the sun sensor consisting of 16 solar panels, which are mounted on the lateral surfaces of a regular 16-pyramid with the output error less than ±5% and the assembly error less than ±1°.
Design Considerations of a Centralized Load Controller Using Thermostatically Controlled Appliances for Continuous Regulation Reserves (2012)

This paper presents design considerations for a centralized load controller to control thermostatically controlled appliances (TCAs) for continuous regulation reserves (CRRs). The controller logics for setting up the baseline load, generating priority lists, issuing dispatch commands, and tuning the simplified forecaster model using measurement data are described. To study the impacts of different control parameter settings on control performance and device lifetimes, a system consisting of 1000 heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) units in their heating modes is modeled to provide a CRR 24 hours a day. Four cases are modeled to evaluate the impact of forecasting errors, minimum HVAC turn-off times, response delays, and consumer overrides. The results demonstrate that a centralized TCA load controller can provide robust, good quality CRRs with reduced communication needs for the two-way communication network and inexpensive load control devices. Most importantly, because the controller precisely controls the aggregated HVAC load shapes while maintaining load diversity, the controllable and measurable load services that it provides can be used for many other demand response applications, such as peak shaving, load shifting, and arbitrage.
Signals Controlling Un‐Differentiated States in Embryonic Stem and Cancer Cells: Role of the Phosphatidylinositol 3′ Kinase Pathway (2014)

The capacity of embryonic stem (ES) cells to differentiate into cell lineages comprising the three germ layers makes them powerful tools for studying mammalian early embryonic development in vitro. The human body consists of approximately 210 different somatic cell types, the majority of which have limited proliferative capacity. However, both stem cells and cancer cells bypass this replicative barrier and undergo symmetric division indefinitely when cultured under defined conditions. Several signal transduction pathways play important roles in regulating stem cell development, and aberrant expression of components of these pathways is linked to cancer. Among signaling systems, the critical role of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) coupled to the Jak/STAT3 (signal transduction and activation of transcription-3) pathway in maintaining stem cell self-renewal has been extensively reviewed. This pathway additionally plays multiple roles in tumorigenesis. Likewise, the phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) pathway has been determined to play an important role in both stem cell maintenance and tumor development. This pathway is often induced in cancer with frequent mutational activation of the catalytic subunit of PI3K or loss of a primary PI3K antagonist, phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN). This review focusses on roles of the PI3K signal transduction pathway components, with emphasis on functions in stem cell maintenance and cancer. Since the PI3K pathway impinges on and collaborates with other signaling pathways in regulating stem cell development and/or cancer, aspects of the canonical Wnt, Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and TGF-β signaling pathways are also discussed.
Two novel rare frameshift mutations (2423 del G in exon 13 and 1215 del G in exon 7) and one novel rare sequence variation (3271 + 18 C or T) identified in a patient with cystic fibrosis (1994)

Journal Article Two novel rare frameshift mutations (2423 del G in exon 13 and 1215 del G in exon 7) and one novel rare sequence variation (3271 + 18 C or T) identified in a patient with cystic fibrosis Get access Marie-Catherine Romey, Marie-Catherine Romey 1Service Pediatrie III, Pr. Astruc, Hopital Arnaud de Villeneuve34295 Montpellier Cedex 5, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Marie Desgeorges, Marie Desgeorges Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Maguelone Laussel, Maguelone Laussel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Marie-France Durand, Marie-France Durand 1Service Pediatrie III, Pr. Astruc, Hopital Arnaud de Villeneuve34295 Montpellier Cedex 5, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jacques Demaille, Jacques Demaille Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mireille Claustres Mireille Claustres * *To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Human Molecular Genetics, Volume 3, Issue 6, June 1994, Pages 1003–1004, https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/3.6.1003 Published: 01 June 1994 Article history Received: 06 February 1994 Revision received: 23 March 1994 Accepted: 23 March 1994 Published: 01 June 1994
Learning overhypotheses with hierarchical Bayesian models (2007)

Inductive learning is impossible without overhypotheses, or constraints on the hypotheses considered by the learner. Some of these overhypotheses must be innate, but we suggest that hierarchical Bayesian models can help to explain how the rest are acquired. To illustrate this claim, we develop models that acquire two kinds of overhypotheses--overhypotheses about feature variability (e.g. the shape bias in word learning) and overhypotheses about the grouping of categories into ontological kinds like objects and substances.
An efficient over-the-cell channel router (2002)

An approach for over-the-cell channel routing in the standard cell design style is proposed. This approach uses a two-layer routing model where channel is divided into zones. Each zone has a zone density and a pseudo zone density. In the proposed algorithm, the removal of any subnet from a zone reduces pseudo zone density by one, but only the removal of all subnets of a net from a zone contributes to the reduction in channel density. Besides the above heuristics, techniques such as net (pin) shifting are applied to the routing problem to further reduce channel height. Experimentally, the approach reduces more channel density than previous researches and can speed up the process of over-the-cell routing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Lactobacillus paracasei GMNL-32 exerts a therapeutic effect on cardiac abnormalities in NZB/W F1 mice (2017)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a disease that mostly affects women. Accelerated atherosclerosis is a high-risk factor associated with SLE patients. SLE associated with cardiovascular disease is one of the most important causes of death. In this study, we demonstrated that Lactobacillus paracasei GMNL-32 (GMNL-32), a probiotic species, exhibits anti-fibrosis and anti-apoptotic effects on the cardiac tissue of NZB/WF1 mice. Female NZB/W F1 mice, a well-known and commonly used lupus-prone mouse strain, were treated with or without GMNL-32 administration for 12 weeks. Oral administration of GMNL-32 to NZB/WF1 mice significantly increased the ventricular thickness when compared to that of NZB/WF1 mice. Administration of GMNL-32 significantly attenuated the cardiac cell apoptosis that was observed in exacerbate levels in the control NZB/WF1 mice. Further, the cellular morphology that was slightly distorted in the NZB/WF1 was effectively alleviated in the treatment group mice. In addition, GMNL-32 reduced the level of Fas death receptor-related pathway of apoptosis signaling and enhanced anti-apoptotic proteins. These results indicate that GMNL-32 exhibit an effective protective effect on cardiac cells of SLE mice. Thus, GMNL-32 may be a potential therapeutic strategy against SLE associated arthrosclerosis.
A Three Dimensional Display System (1974)

The information explosion which has resulted from recent advances in computer technology has produced an ever increasing need for the clear and concise presentation of vast quantities of data. A Three Dimensional Display System is described which satisfies this need without the requirement for expensive and highly sophisticated equipment. The display system, which employs a small general purpose digital computer, utilizes only those components normally found in Electrical Engineering laboratories and can be employed as a real time output device to improve the man-machine communication link. The system can be effectively used as a teaching tool in the classroom to display in three dimensions many of the quantities and concepts which students deal with on a daily basis. The system can also be used as an aid in research where the increased "visibility," which the system can provide, yields new insight into the problem under investigation.
Modélisation de l’injection de faute électromagnétique sur circuits intégrés sécurisés et contre-mesures (2020)

This thesis is devoted to the study of electromagnetic fault injection attack on se-cure integrated circuits. Electrical modeling permits to simulate the coupling between an EM probe injection and the circuit supply and ground grids in order to understand the effect of the EM pulse. This modeling is then applied on a logic circuit simulation with a D flip-flop and its components. The simulation results were used to determine the various faults that could be induced by this attack and to explain their formation. Measurements on a test circuit revealed the appearance of timing and sampling faults and validated ex-perimentally the proposed model. Finally, some countermeasures based on the model are proposed in order to increase the robustness of a circuit against electromagnetic fault in-jection.
Research On Concrete (2004)

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Power-efficient medical image processing using PUMA (2009)

Graphics processing units (GPUs) are becoming an increasingly popular platform to run applications that require a high computation throughput. They are limited, however, by memory bandwidth and power and, as such, cannot always achieve their full potential. This paper presents the PUMA architecture; a domain specific accelerator designed specifically for medical imaging applications, but with sufficient generality to make it programmable. The goal is to closely match the performance achieved by GPUs in this domain but at a fraction of the power consumption. The results are quite promising; PUMA achieves up to 2X the performance of a modern GPU architecture and has up to a 54X improved efficiency on a floating point and memory intensive MRI reconstruction algorithm.
Flattening 3D objects using silhouettes (2002)

An important research area in non-photorealistic rendering is the obtention of silhouettes. There are many methods to do this using 3D models and raster structures, but these are limited in their ability to create stylised silhouettes while maintaining complete flexibility. These limitations do not exist in illustration, as each element is plane and the interaction between them can be eliminated by locating each one in a different layer. This is the approach presented in this paper: a 3D model is flattened into plane elements ordered in space, which allows the silhouettes to be drawn with total flexibility. Categories and Subject Descriptors (according to ACM CCS): I.3.3 [Computer Graphics]: Line and Curve Generation
Unscented Kalman Filter For Location In Non-Line-Of-Sight (2006)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Florence, Italy, 2006
Systems and methods for selective hydrogen transport and measurement (2023)

Systems and methods for selectively removing hydrogen gas from a hydrogen-containing fluid volume are disclosed. An exemplary system includes a proton exchange membrane (PEM) selectively permeable to hydrogen by exclusively conducting hydrogen ions. The system also includes metal deposited as layers onto opposite sides or faces of the PEM to form a membrane-electrode assembly (MEA), each layer functioning as an electrode so that the MEA functions as an electrochemical cell in which the ionic conductors are hydrogen ions, and the MEA functioning as a hydrogen selective membrane (HSM) when located at the boundary between a hydrogen-containing fluid volume and a second fluid.
Rhesus Theta Defensin 1 Promotes Long Term Survival in Systemic Candidiasis by Host Directed Mechanisms (2019)

Invasive candidiasis is an increasingly frequent cause of serious and often fatal infections in hospitalized and immunosuppressed patients. Mortality rates associated with these infections have risen sharply due to the emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) strains of C. albicans and other Candida spp., highlighting the urgent need of new antifungal therapies. Rhesus theta (θ) defensin-1 (RTD-1), a natural macrocyclic antimicrobial peptide, was recently shown to be rapidly fungicidal against clinical isolates of MDR C. albicans in vitro. Here we found that RTD-1 was rapidly fungicidal against blastospores of fluconazole/caspofungin resistant C. albicans strains, and was active against established C. albicans biofilms in vitro. In vivo, systemic administration of RTD-1, initiated at the time of infection or 24 h post-infection, promoted long term survival in candidemic mice whether infected with drug-sensitive or MDR strains of C. albicans. RTD-1 induced an early (4 h post treatment) increase in neutrophils in naive and infected mice. In vivo efficacy was associated with fungal clearance, restoration of dysregulated inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17, and homeostatic reduction in numbers of circulating neutrophils and monocytes. Because these effects occurred using peptide doses that produced maximal plasma concentrations (Cmax) of less than 1% of RTD-1 levels required for in vitro antifungal activity in 50% mouse serum, while inducing a transient neutrophilia, we suggest that RTD-1 mediates its antifungal effects in vivo by host directed mechanisms rather than direct fungicidal activity. Results of this study suggest that θ-defensins represent a new class of host-directed compounds for treatment of disseminated candidiasis.
A novel anti-phishing framework based on honeypots (2009)

As a powerful anti-phishing tool, honeypots have been widely used by security service providers and financial institutes to collect phishing mails, so that new phishing sites can be earlier detected and quickly shut down. Another popular use of honeypots is to collect useful information about phishers' activities, which is used to make various kinds of statistics for the purposes of research and forensics. Recently, it has also been proposed to actively feed phishers with honeytokens.
Cloning and characterization of a conjugated bile acid hydrolase gene from Clostridium perfringens (1995)

The gene encoding a conjugated bile acid hydrolase (CBAH) from Clostridium perfringens 13 has been cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, and its nucleotide sequence has been determined. Nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence analyses indicated that the gene product is related to two previously characterized amidases, a CBAH from Lactobacillus plantarum (40% identity) and a penicillin V amidase from Bacillus sphaericus (34% identity). The product is apparently unrelated to a CBAH from C. perfringens for which N-terminal sequence information was determined. The gene product was purified from recombinant E. coli and used to raise antibody in rabbits. The presence of the protein in C. perfringens was then confirmed by immunoblot analysis. The protein was shown to have a native molecular weight of 147,000 and a subunit molecular weight of 36,100, indicating its probable existence as a tetramer. Disruption of the chromosomal C. perfringens CBAH gene with a chloramphenicol resistance cartridge resulted in a mutant strain which retained partial CBAH activity. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by enzymatic activity staining and immunoblotting indicated that the mutant strain no longer expressed the cloned CBAH (CBAH-1) but did express at least one additional CBAH (CBAH-2). CBAH-2 was immunologically distinct from CBAH-1, and its mobility on native polyacrylamide gels was different from that of CBAH-1. Furthermore, comparisons of pH optima and substrate specificities of CBAH activities from recombinant E. coli and wild-type and mutant C. perfringens provided further evidence for the presence of multiple CBAH activities in C. perfringens.
Bees Algorithm for Vehicle Routing Problems with Time Windows (2018)

This paper presents the bees algorithm for vehicle routing problems within time windows (VRPTW). The VRPTW aims to determine the optimal route for a number of vehicles when serving a set of customers within a predefined time interval (the time window). The objective in VRPTW is to minimize overall transportation cost. Various heuristic and metaheuristic approaches have been developed in literature to produce high-quality solutions for this problem because of its high complication rate and extensive implementation in real-life applications. This research investigates the use of bee algorithms (BA) for VRPTW and identifying the strengths and weaknesses.
ASSEMBLY/DISASSEMBLY SEQUENCE PLANNING (1992)

The ever‐increasing demand for rationalization of manufacturing activities requires closer co‐operation and integration between design and production planning. Since the impact on the overall cost of production of designing a product for ease of assembly was realized, feedback from assembly planning to the design process has become important for improving the design. Traditionally, planning for assembly takes place after the design of the product has been completed. Often it proves necessary to modify a design, because some aspect is not particularly convenient or efficient under the available assembly facilities. However, considerable time and cost savings can be made by making assembly‐planning information available to design engineers, so that they can take account of assembly factors when designing a product.