gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
EgoSampling: Wide View Hyperlapse From Egocentric Videos (2017)

The possibility of sharing one's point of view makes the use of wearable cameras compelling. These videos are often long, boring, and coupled with extreme shaking, as the camera is worn on a moving person. Fast-forwarding (i.e., frame sampling) is a natural choice for quick video browsing. However, this accentuates the shake caused by natural head motion in an egocentric video, making the fast-forwarded video useless. We propose EgoSampling, an adaptive frame sampling that gives stable, fast-forwarded, hyperlapse videos. Adaptive frame sampling is formulated as an energy minimization problem, whose optimal solution can be found in polynomial time. We further turn the camera shake from a drawback into a feature, enabling the increase in field of view of the output video. This is obtained when each output frame is mosaiced from several input frames. The proposed technique also enables the generation of a single hyperlapse video from multiple egocentric videos, allowing even faster video consumption.
Aerobic fungal cell immobilization in a dual hollow‐fiber bioreactor: Continuous production of a citric acid (1988)

Aspergillus niger B60 was immobilized in a dual hollow-fiber bioreactor (DHFBR) to produce citric acid continuously. The fungi proliferated well in the interstitial region formed by a parallel arrangement of three microporous polypropylene hollow fibers contained within a silicone tube. Long-term operation with nitrogen-enriched medium was not possible due to expansion of the silicone tubes by continual cell growth. The fungal growth could be controlled by supplying a nitrogen-deficient medium at the production stage. With pure oxygen aeration and nitrogen-deficient medium, volumetric productivity reached 1.62 g/L h at a residence time of 4.02 h, which corresponded to a 27-fold increase over that of shake-flask fermentation. When the residence time was increased to 20.1 h, citric acid at a concentration of 26 g/L was continuously produced, with a yield of 80-90% and a volumetric productivity of 1.3 g/L h. This represents a significant improvement in final concentration, yield, and the volumetric productivity over the equivalent values of the corresponding batch fermentation, which were 18 g/L, 40%, and 0.06 g/L h, respectively.
Fully automated modal tracking for long-span high-speed railway bridges (2022)

Modal parameters are inherent structural characteristics that are valuable for model updating, condition assessment, and early warning of bridges. Operational modal tracking technology has been a popular research topic in bridge structural health monitoring (SHM) because of its output-only advantage; that is, only the vibration responses of the bridge are necessary for modal identification. The real-time objective of bridge SHM requires operational modal tracking to be fully automated. Because the loads acting on long-span high-speed railway bridges are various, the modal identification methods should be changed according to the excitation characteristics; otherwise, the results may be incorrect. However, there is no unified framework for simultaneously tracking the modal evolution of a bridge under different excitations. In this study, modal tracking strategies based on ambient loads, train loads and immediately a train moving past the bridge were developed to identify the operational modal parameters of the bridge. In addition, a unified tracking framework was established to automatically switch among the three-stage modal-tracking strategies, which utilizes the real-time positioning of the axle loads. Furthermore, the computational efficiency of the tracking strategies and the obstacles of operational modal analysis were analyzed to provide a reference for mode-based SHM of bridges, and the essential parameters in the tracking algorithms were suggested. The three-stage modal-tracking methods were validated through long-term monitoring data of a long-span high-speed railway bridge. The results indicated that the best tracking results were generated from free-vibration data, while the modal-tracking under ambient loads had best timeliness.
High-precision asymmetric synthesis of stegobiol and stegobinone via boronic esters (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHigh-precision asymmetric synthesis of stegobiol and stegobinone via boronic estersDonald S. Matteson and Hon Wah ManCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 24, 6545–6547Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00076a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00076a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views477Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Digital memory-based predistortion (2005)

A predistortion algorithm based on a memory-based power amplifier model (PA) is presented. The algorithm was tested using a PA measurement system. The predistortion techniques are based on the filtered tapped delay line (TDL) model. Memoryless predistortion techniques are also presented to show the benefits of the memory-based predistortion approach. Memoryless predistortion reduces third order IM by 5-8 dB, while memory-based predistortion reduces third order IM by 18-20 dB.
Pilot assisted readout for passive memristor crossbars (2016)

The high demands for performance and energy efficiency pose significant challenges for computational systems. Memristor-based crossbar architectures are actively considered as vital rivals for the traditional solutions. Nonetheless, density and energy driven passive array structures, that lack a switching control per cell, suffer from sneak paths that limit the range of accurate operation of the crossbar array. In this paper, the crossbar array is treated as a communication channel with added distortion to represent the sneak current. Estimation techniques based on preset pilots are utilized to alleviate the distorting effects and enhance the system throughput. A two dimensional setting of these reference points leads to an accurate estimation of and compensation for the sneak paths effects. Thereby a comprehensive technique is presented that boosts the performance and accommodates functional metrics of speed, energy efficiency, accuracy and density all within a single envelope. SPICE simulations cover the data patterns dependencies, the non-linearity impact, and the crossbar distortion. It offers a further validation, from several aspects, on the reliable operation attained with the complete separation of the high and low bits regions.
Subword-based text-dependent speaker verification system with user-selectable passwords (2002)

A subword-based, text-dependent speaker verification system that embodies the capability of user-selectable passwords (ideally, with no constraints on the choice of vocabulary words or the language) is presented. A novel automatic speech segmentation procedure, called the "blind" segmentation, is also introduced. This algorithm segments speech without any linguistic knowledge and makes the subword modeling of the user-selectable password realizable in the proposed system. The subword modeling is done using the neural tree networks (NTNs). The NTN is a hierarchical classifier that combines the properties of decision trees and feed-forward neural networks. The proposed system also takes advantage of such concepts as the multiple classifier fusion and data resampling to successfully boost the system performance.
Preparation and properties of processable polyimides having bulky pendent ether groups (1998)

A series of aromatic diamines containing pendent methoxy, phenoxy, and biphenoxy moieties were synthesized. By the reaction of diamines with 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA), several kinds of polyimides having bulky pendent ether groups were synthesized. Thermal properties and processability such as melt processability and solubility in organic solvents of obtained polyimides were investigated by focusing on the chemical structures of their repeating structure units. It was found that the thermal stability and melt processability of the polyimides did not strongly depend on the existence of bulky pendent phenoxy and biphenoxy moieties. Their solubility in organic solvents, however, was improved by introducing the bulky pendent ether groups such as methoxy, phenoxy, and biphenoxy moieties into their repeating structure units. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 36: 971–978, 1998
High level active <i>n</i>+ doping of strained germanium through co-implantation and nanosecond pulsed laser melting (2018)

Obtaining high level active n+ carrier concentrations in germanium (Ge) has been a significant challenge for further development of Ge devices. By ion implanting phosphorus (P) and fluorine (F) into Ge and restoring crystallinity using Nd:YAG nanosecond pulsed laser melting (PLM), we demonstrate 1020 cm−3 n+ carrier concentration in tensile-strained epitaxial germanium-on-silicon. Scanning electron microscopy shows that after laser treatment, samples implanted with P have an ablated surface, whereas P + F co-implanted samples have good crystallinity and a smooth surface topography. We characterize P and F concentration depth profiles using secondary ion mass spectrometry and spreading resistance profiling. The peak carrier concentration, 1020 cm−3 at 80 nm below the surface, coincides with the peak F concentration, illustrating the key role of F in increasing donor activation. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy of the co-implanted sample shows that the Ge epilayer region damaged during implantation is a single crystal after PLM. High-resolution X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy measurements both indicate that the as-grown epitaxial layer strain is preserved after PLM. These results demonstrate that co-implantation and PLM can achieve the combination of n+ carrier concentration and strain in Ge epilayers necessary for next-generation, high-performance Ge-on-Si devices.
Penetration of blood&ndash;brain barrier and antitumor activity and nerve repair in glioma by doxorubicin-loaded monosialoganglioside micelles system (2017)

Abstract: For the treatment of glioma and other central nervous system diseases, one of the biggest challenges is that most therapeutic drugs cannot be delivered to the brain tumor tissue due to the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The goal of this study was to construct a nanodelivery vehicle system with capabilities to overcome the BBB for central nervous system administration. Doxorubicin as a model drug encapsulated in ganglioside GM1 micelles was able to achieve up to 9.33% loading efficiency and 97.05% encapsulation efficiency by orthogonal experimental design. The in vitro study demonstrated a slow and sustainable drug release in physiological conditions. In the cellular uptake studies, mixed micelles could effectively transport into both human umbilical vein endothelial cells and C6 cells. Furthermore, biodistribution imaging of mice showed that the DiR/GM1 mixed micelles were accumulated sustainably and distributed centrally in the brain. Experiments on zebrafish confirmed that drug-loaded GM1 micelles can overcome the BBB and enter the brain. Among all the treatment groups, the median survival time of C6-bearing rats after administering DOX/GM1 micelles was significantly prolonged. In conclusion, the ganglioside nanomicelles developed in this work can not only penetrate BBB effectively but also repair nerves and kill tumor cells at the same time. Keywords: blood–brain barrier, GM1, nanovesicles, doxorubicin, glioma, zebrafish
Quasi-dense optical flow estimation based on dynamical system models (2011)

Optical flow is a vector which represents the motion of objects in images. In this paper, new methods for dense and quasi-dense optical flow estimation are proposed. The dense estimation method can be applied to optical flow estimation at each pixel in an arbitrary area. The proposed dense method considers an optical flow equation at each pixel as a dynamical system. Robust estimation can be achieved with dense intensity information, especially against illumination changes. In order to improve estimation performance at zero optical flow, a quasi-dense estimation is also proposed.
Electrochemical separation of charged species from contaminated liquids, soils and sludges (1995)

Presented in this paper are the results of an on-going study that look specifically at various methods of in-situ stabilization and separation of selected metals in contaminated liquids, soils and sludges by electrochemical/electrokinetic processing. Metals such as lead, chromium, arsenic, zinc, copper, cadmium, and nickel react differently in solid and liquid media depending upon their speciation and the type of the containing media. For example, in soils the removal or retention is dependent on the exchange capacity of the soil, redox potential of the system, pH of the soil-water environment, concentration distribution of the metal, and organic materials co-disposed with the metal or the natural organic matter in the soil. The treatment process may be impacted by introducing solubilizing agents or sorbents for which the transport direction of the agent and/or the contaminant can be controlled by a well engineered electrokinetics system. The contaminants may then be captured in collection wells or other installations and treated in closed systems using processes appropriate to the targeted metal(s) by use of ion exchange resins, carbon filters, chemical treatment, etc. The alternative to removal of the contamination could be the electrokinetic delivery of oxidizing or reducing reagents to convert the targeted metals(s) intomore » a non-toxic form, or stabilize by precipitation and/or adjust the pore fluid conditions to enhance adsorption and incorporation into the soil structure. The latter process has been shown in the laboratory to be useful to treat persistent metals that possess complex chemistry not conducive for mobilization or transport by electrokinetics.« less
Vegetable emulsifier for bitumen emulsion (2008)

Aqueous emulsions are a good way to use bitumen in liquid form to a moderate temperature. Considered to be non-dangerous in normal usage, these surfactants however cause concern regarding their accidental spillage. Their substitution with biodegradable molecules has led to a programme ADEME/Agrice no. 01 01 017 with the purpose of preparing new, 100% vegetable cationic emulsifiers and studying their efficacy in formulations of emulsions. A collaboration was therefore established between the ONIDOL (organisation for the promotion of oil seeds), the Ecole Nationale Superieure de Chimie de Rennes, Eiffage Travaux Publics and DTA (consultant specialist in surfactants). During this work, the glycine betaine, a by-product of the sugar industry and source of quaternary ammonium, was selected for the cationic polar head of amphiphiles. Stearic alcohols obtained from oils were selected for their lipophilic properties. The structures are easily biodegradable. Environmentally friendly manufacturing processes easily applicable on an industrial scale were also developed. For the covering abstract see ITRD E157233
Electro-optical behavior of polymer cholesteric liquid crystal flake/fluid suspensions in a microencapsulation matrix (2004)

When flakes of polymer cholesteric liquid crystals (PCLC's) are dispersed in a fluid host and subjected to an applied electric field, their bright, polarization-selective reflection color is extinguished as they undergo field-induced rotation. Maxwell-Wagner (interfacial) polarization is the underlying physical mechanism for flake motion and results from the large difference in dielectric properties of the flake and fluid hosts. Flake reorientation times can be as short as 300 ms to 400 ms at exceedingly low driving fields (10 to 100 mV<sub>rms</sub>/μm) and are dependent on flake size and shape, fluid host dielectric constant and viscosity, and drive-filed frequency and magnitude. These attributes make this new materials system of special interest in electro-optical and photonics applications, where reflective-mode operation, polarization selectivity, and low power consumption are of critical importance (e.g., reflective displays). Until very recently, the electro-optical reorientation of PCLC flakes has been studied only in sandwich-type cells using glass substrates. In this work, we report on the dc field-induced reorientation behavior of PCLC flakes contained in confined spherical or near-spherical fluid-filled cavities formed by microencapsulation of the flake/fluid host dispersion in a water-borne flexible binder. This PCLC flake-fluid host/binder emulsion is coated onto either rigid or flexible condutive-coated substrates and then overcaoted (uniformly or patterned) using a conductive emulsion or paint that is either absorbing (black) or reflecting (silver). In addition to providing a unique environment to study flake motion, this device geometry also extends the application scope of the technology to conformal, electrically switchable coatings for large planar areas and flexible media for information display applications (e.g., electronic paper).
Accuracy evaluation in ultrasonic-Doppler-based measurement of small vibrations for acoustical diagnosis of the aortic wall (1993)

To diagnose atherosclerosis based on the acoustic characteristics of the aortic wall, it is necessary to detect vibration signals from various parts of the aortic wall near the heart. It is, however, difficult to obtain such small vibrations using previously proposed ultrasonic diagnostic methods or systems because the small vibrations are superimposed on the motion with large amplitude due to the heartbeat. The authors developed a new method for overcoming this problem and accurately measuring small vibrations of the aortic wall using ultrasound. The Letter describes the accuracy of evaluation using this new method by simulation experiments using a system which simulates small vibrations of the aortic wall near the heart.
A Framework of Probabilistic Seismic Risk Analysis of Urban Shallow-Buried Tunnels Subjected to Active Fault Dislocations (2023)

ABSTRACTThis study develops a methodology for conducting a quantitative seismic risk assessment for shallow-buried tunnels that are induced by active fault dislocations. A case study for a tunnel crossing a strike-slip fault zone is performed using this method. The fault-tunnel crossing angle, the bedrock overburden thickness, the tunnel burial depth, the lining thickness, and the soil properties parameters are analysed in terms of their effects on the seismic responses, fragility curves, and seismic risks for the tunnels. This methodology could quantify the seismic risk of existing metro tunnels that pass through active fault zones, and could also assist in the establishment of a benchmark tunnel design for designing a tunnel that passes through an active fault zone.KEYWORDS: Probabilistic seismic risk analysisshallow-buried tunnelsactive fault dislocationstunnel seismic risktunnel fragility curves AcknowledgmentsWe acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant (Nos. 51708460, 52278413), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2021M702718) and Sichuan Science and Technology Program (Nos. 2022NSFSC0475, 2021YFS0037).Disclosure StatementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Data Availability StatementThe data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author [Yin, Cheng], upon reasonable request.Additional informationFundingThe work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [52278413]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [52278331]. In addtion ,please add the funding from China Postdoctoral as: China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2021M702718] Please also correct the acknowledgements part as: We acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52278431, 52278331), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2021M702718) and Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program (2022NSFSC0475).
Engineering stable peptide toxins by means of backbone cyclization: Stabilization of the α-conotoxin MII (2005)

Conotoxins (CTXs), with their exquisite specificity and potency, have recently created much excitement as drug leads. However, like most peptides, their beneficial activities may potentially be undermined by susceptibility to proteolysis in vivo . By cyclizing the α-CTX MII by using a range of linkers, we have engineered peptides that preserve their full activity but have greatly improved resistance to proteolytic degradation. The cyclic MII analogue containing a seven-residue linker joining the N and C termini was as active and selective as the native peptide for native and recombinant neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes present in bovine chromaffin cells and expressed in Xenopus oocytes, respectively. Furthermore, its resistance to proteolysis against a specific protease and in human plasma was significantly improved. More generally, to our knowledge, this report is the first on the cyclization of disulfide-rich toxins. Cyclization strategies represent an approach for stabilizing bioactive peptides while keeping their full potencies and should boost applications of peptide-based drugs in human medicine.
Fast separations of intact proteins by liquid chromatography (2012)

Scientists working in many fields require fast separations of intact proteins using liquid chromatography. The fast separations here concern not only the separation step alone but also the complete chromatographic process, including column regeneration, system equilibration, and buffer exchange, in one- and two-dimensional liquid chromatography in addition to fast purification technologies predominantly on the analytical scale with some unique examples on the preparative and industrial scales. This comprehensive review discusses recent developments in methodologies, packing materials, column techniques, and purification technologies in the field of rapid liquid chromatography of intact proteins. Some typical examples are summarized in the tables.
Transparent Luminescent Solar Concentrators for Large‐Area Solar Windows Enabled by Massive Stokes‐Shift Nanocluster Phosphors (2013)

Transparent luminescent solar concentrators are a new standard for selective light harvesting allowing for non-tinted, transparent, and highly scalable solar windows. These devices are enabled by exploiting phosphorescent hexanuclear nanocrystalline-polymer blends that exhibit massive Stokes-shifts, high phosphorescent quantum yield, high stability, and perfectly tuned absorption/emission around the visible spectrum.