gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Localization to, and Effects of Pbp1, Pbp4, Lsm12, Dhh1, and Pab1 on Stress Granules in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2010)

The regulation of translation and mRNA degradation in eukaryotic cells involves the formation of cytoplasmic mRNP granules referred to as P-bodies and stress granules. The yeast Pbp1 protein and its mammalian ortholog, Ataxin-2, localize to stress granules and promote their formation. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pbp1 also interacts with the Pab1, Lsm12, Pbp4, and Dhh1 proteins. In this work, we determined whether these Pbp1 interacting proteins also accumulated in stress granules and/or could affect their formation. These experiments revealed the following observations. First, the Lsm12, Pbp4, and Dhh1 proteins all accumulate in stress granules, whereas only the Dhh1 protein is a constitutive P-body component. Second, deletion or over-expression of the Pbp4 and Lsm12 proteins did not dramatically affect the formation of stress granules or P-bodies. In contrast, Pbp1 and Dhh1 over-expression inhibits cell growth, and for Dhh1, leads to the accumulation of stress granules. Finally, a strain lacking the Pab1 protein was reduced at forming stress granules, although they could still be detected. This indicates that Pab1 affects, but is not absolutely required for, stress granule formation. These observations offer new insight into the function of stress granule components with roles in stress granule assembly and mRNP regulation.
Measurements of age-related changes of physiological processes that predict lifespan of <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (2004)

Aging is characterized by progressive, degenerative changes in many tissues. To elucidate the relationships among degenerative changes in Caenorhabditis elegans, we developed methods to measure age-related changes quantitatively and analyzed correlations among these changes by using a longitudinal study. The age-related declines of pharyngeal pumping and body movement were positively correlated with each other and lifespan. These findings suggest that the declines of pharyngeal pumping and body movement cause a decline in survival probability or that a shared regulatory system mediates the declines in pharyngeal pumping, body movement, and survival probability. Furthermore, measurements of these processes can be used to predict lifespan and detect premature aging. The declines of physiological processes were measured in daf-2, age-1, daf-16, eat-2, and clk-1 mutants that have altered lifespans. Each mutant strain displayed changes in one or more age-related declines, but the correlations among age-related changes were similar to WT. These measurements were used to generate a system of four stages that describes the aging process and is useful for the analysis of genetic and environmental effects on aging.
An architecture for multidatabase systems based on CORBA and XML (2002)

A multidatabase system is an effective approach to data sharing and interoperability among many distributed and heterogeneous data sources. A CORBA-based architecture model of multidatabase system is introduced, and an XML-oriented common data model, named XIDM, is presented. These models conform to the characteristics of multidatabase systems, such as autonomy, distribution and heterogeneity. Panorama, a prototype system on the basis of these models, is also introduced.
Escherichia coli mutants resistant to inactivation by high hydrostatic pressure (1997)

Alternating cycles of exposure to high pressure and outgrowth of surviving populations were used to select for highly pressure-resistant mutants of Escherichia coli MG1655. Three barotolerant mutants (LMM1010, LMM1020, and LMM1030) were isolated independently by using outgrowth temperatures of 30, 37, and 42 degrees C, respectively. Survival of these mutants after pressure treatment for 15 min at ambient temperature was 40 to 85% at 220 MPa and 0.5 to 1.5% at 800 MPa, while survival of the parent strain, MG1655, decreased from 15% at 220 MPa to 2 x 10(-8)% at 700 MPa. Heat resistance of mutants LMM1020 and LMM1030 was also altered, as evident by higher D values at 58 and 60 degrees C and reduced z values compared to those for the parent strain. D and z values for mutant LMM1010 were not significantly different from those for the parent strain. Pressure sensitivity of the mutants increased from 10 to 50 degrees C, as opposed to the parent strain, which showed a minimum around 40 degrees C. The ability of the mutants to grow at moderately elevated pressure (50 MPa) was reduced at temperatures above 37 degrees C, indicating that resistance to pressure inactivation is unrelated to barotolerant growth. The development of high levels of barotolerance as demonstrated in this work should cause concern about the safety of high-pressure food processing.
[Effects of aluminum on the integrity of blood brain barrier in juvenile rats]. (2008)

Short time and low dose of Al might not change the ability of learning and memory in juvenile rats, however the permeability and ultrastructures of the BBB might be significantly changed.
Highly solar reflectance and infrared transparent porous coating for non-contact heat dissipations (2022)

Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) can dissipate heat to outer space with high solar reflectance <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msub><mml:mover><mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover> <mml:mtext>solar</mml:mtext></mml:msub> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and thermal emittance <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msub><mml:mover><mml:mi>ε</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover> <mml:mtext>LWIR</mml:mtext></mml:msub> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> in the atmospheric transmission window. However, for the non-contact heat dissipation, besides the high <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub><mml:mover><mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover> <mml:mtext>solar</mml:mtext></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , a high infrared transmittance <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msub><mml:mover><mml:mi>τ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover> <mml:mtext>LWIR</mml:mtext></mml:msub> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> is needed to directly emit thermal radiation through the IR-transparent coating to outer space. In this work, An IR-transparent porous PE (P-PE) coating with <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub><mml:mover><mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover> <mml:mtext>solar</mml:mtext></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> = 0.96 and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub><mml:mover><mml:mi>τ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover> <mml:mtext>LWIR</mml:mtext></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> = 0.88 was prepared for non-contact heat dissipations. Under the direct sunlight of 860 W m<sup>-2</sup>, the IR-transparent coating obtained a 4°C lower heater temperature than the normal PDRC coating under the same condition. In addition, the spectral reflectance of the P-PE coating after immersing in air or water changed little, which showed excellent durability for long-term outdoor applications. These results indicate the P-PE coating can be a potential IR-transparent coating for non-contact heat dissipations under direct sunlight.
An easy route to 2‐substituted‐2,3‐dihydro‐5(7)<i>H</i>‐oxazolo[3,2‐<i>a</i>]pyrimidin‐5‐ones and 7‐ones starting from the corresponding 2‐amino‐2‐oxazolines (2001)

Abstract The isomeric 2‐substituted‐7(5)‐methyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐5(7) H ‐oxazolo[3,2‐ a ]pyrimidin‐5‐ones 3a‐b and 7‐ones 2a‐b,7a were synthesized by cyclocondensation from the 5‐substituted‐2‐amino‐2‐oxazolines 1a‐b with biselectrophiles. In boiling ethanol, the reaction of 1a‐b with acetylenic esters led to a mixture of 2a‐b,7a with a small amount of ( E )‐2‐ N ‐(2‐ethoxycarbonylethylene)‐5‐substituted‐2‐iminooxazolines 5a‐b . The ring annulation between 1a‐b and diketene gave the 2‐substituted‐7‐hydroxy‐7‐methyl‐2,3,6,7‐tetrahydro‐5 H ‐oxazolo[3,2‐ a ]pyrimidin‐5‐ones 4a‐b which can be easily dehydrated to provide the 2‐substituted‐7‐methyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐5 H ‐oxazolo[3,2‐ a ]pyrimidin‐5‐ones 3a‐b .
Simple Synthesis of 4‐Substituted 1(2<i>H</i>)‐Isoquinolinones via Electrophilic Trapping of Lithiated Mono‐ and Dianion Precursors (2007)

Abstract Synthetic routes have been developed to access 4‐substituted 1(2H)‐isoquinolinones from readily available precursors. This is achieved via electrophilic trapping of di‐ and monolithium anions derived from alkyllithium exchange of 4‐bromo‐1(2H)‐isoquinolinones and corresponding 4‐bromo‐1‐methoxyisoquinolines, respectively. Products derived from the latter are then hydrolyzed to the target 4‐substituted 1(2H)‐isoquinolinones. The methodology has potential application to access 4‐substituted 1(2H)‐isoquinolinones with additional substituents in either ring.
PEER REVIEWED: Dementia and Its Implications for Public Health (2006)

Introduction
With the aging of the U.S. population, a better understanding of the presentation and impact of dementia is essential to the future of public health. Dementia refers not to a single disorder but to a number of syndromes characterized by diverse behavioral, cognitive, and emotional impairments. Because dementia is costly in terms of both personal suffering and economic loss, an understanding of its prevalence, risk factors, and potential interventions is emerging as an increasingly important facet of public health and health care delivery. Recent advances in the understanding of its presentation, course, and relevant interventions have taken place.
Co-regulation of lipoamide dehydrogenase and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase synthesis in Escherichia coli: characterisation of an ArcA binding site in the lpd promoter (1998)

The lipoamide dehydrogenase gene (lpdA) encoding the E3 subunits of both the pyruvate dehydrogenase and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complexes of Escherichia coli, is expressed from the upstream pdh and internal lpd promoters of the pdh operon (pdhR-aceEF-lpdA). Under aerobic conditions, the specific components of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex encoded by the sucAB genes in the sdhCDAB-sucABCD operon are expressed from the sdh promoter. The provision of lipoamide dehydrogenase subunits for assembly into the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex could thus be controlled by co-regulation of the lpd promoter with the sdh promoter. Here, the transcription start point of the lpd promoter was defined by primer extension analysis, and an ArcA binding site, TGTTAACAAT, overlapping the lpd promoter and matching the consensus at 8 out of 10 positions, was identified by in vitro footprint analysis. PdhR was not bound to the lpd promoter nor was ArcA bound specifically to the pdh promoter. These results support the view that co-regulation of the lpd and sdh promoters is mediated primarily by ArcA.
High-power diode-cladding-pumped Tm-doped silica fiber laser (1998)

The operation of a diode-pumped Tm-doped silica fiber laser that uses the cladding-pumping arrangement to produce high-power cw output at wavelengths near 2 microm is reported. We obtained a maximum output power of 5.4 W at a slope efficiency of 31% with respect to the launched pump power at a total optical-to-optical efficiency of 22%. The fiber-laser output wavelength was tuned between 1.880 and 2.033 microm by adjustment of the fiber length, with >4W of power obtainable from 1.94 to 2.01 microm. Self-pulsations detected in the output from the double-clad fiber laser may indicate the presence of ion-clustering effects.
Strip-loaded diffused optical waveguides (1976)

A strip-loaded diffused optical waveguide consists of a one-dimensional diffused guide with a narrow loading strip of dielectric deposited on the surface. Two-dimensional modes can exist in the diffused material, confined in depth by the diffusion and in width by the loading strip. The propagation constants of these two-dimensional modes are calculated. The requirements for the index of refraction and width of the loading strip are discussed along with the rate of decay of electric-field amplitude away from the strip. A numerical example typical of Ti-diffused LiNbO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> is given.
[Change in cerebral microcirculation at long-term periods following irradiation with protection by gammaphos]. (1983)

A study was made of the influence of prophylactic administration of gammaphos (300 mg/kg) on radiation alterations in the system of cerebral microcirculation of rats in a long-term period following local irradiation of doses of 40-60 Gy. It has been shown that the number of animals with severe vascular injuries and the degree of these injuries lessen. A computerized analysis has shown that gammaphos administration weakens a decrease in the mean number of vessels and an increase in their average size caused by irradiation.
Illumination flicker frequency classification in rolling shutter camera systems (2007)

In many modern imagers employing CMOS pixel arrays the optical integration time is controlled by a rolling shutter. This integration technique, combined with fluorescent illuminators exhibiting an alternating light intensity, causes spatial flicker in images. This flicker can be avoided when the integration time of the imager is adjusted to a multiple of the flicker period. Since the flicker frequency can vary upon the local AC power frequency, a classification must be performed beforehand. This is either performed utilizing an additional illumination intensity detector or, in the case we focus on, restricting to image information only. In this paper we review the state of the art techniques of flicker frequency classification and flicker correction, and propose two robust classification methods based on a clear mathematical model of the illumination flicker problem. We present our simulation results with synthesized image series under different illumination frequencies and shutter widths, whereas our approaches classify robustly in most imaging situations.
Tiny hand gesture recognition without localization via a deep convolutional network (2017)

Visual hand-gesture recognition is being increasingly desired for human-computer interaction interfaces. In many applications, hands only occupy about 10% of the image, whereas the most of it contains background, human face, and human body. Spatial localization of the hands in such scenarios could be a challenging task and ground truth bounding boxes need to be provided for training, which is usually not accessible. However, the location of the hand is not a requirement when the criteria is just the recognition of a gesture to command a consumer electronics device, such as mobiles phones and TVs. In this paper, a deep convolutional neural network is proposed to directly classify hand gestures in images without any segmentation or detection stage that could discard the irrelevant not-hand areas. The designed hand-gesture recognition network can classify seven sorts of hand gestures in a user-independent manner and on real time, achieving an accuracy of 97.1% in the dataset with simple backgrounds and 85.3% in the dataset with complex backgrounds.
Electrochemistry of the 9‐phenyl‐10‐methyl‐acridan/acridinium redox system; a high‐potential NADH/NAD<sup>+</sup> analogue (1985)

Abstract Cyclic voltammetry and preparative controlled potential electrolysis show that the 9‐phenyl‐10‐methyl‐acridinium/acridan (AcPh + /AcPhH) redox couple can be cycled electrochemically between the oxidized (AcPh + ) and reduced states (AcPhH) without any apparent side‐reaction. The 9‐phenyl‐10‐methyl‐acridanyl radical (AcPh • ) was identified as a first intermediate in the electrochemical reduction of AcPh + by cyclic voltammetry as well as by electronic absorption and ESR spectroscopy. In contrast to other acridanyl and related dihydropyridyl radicals, AcPh • shows no tendency to undergo dimerization. In aprotic media, AcPh • is shown to undergo a second reversible one‐electron reduction to yield AcPh − , which is, even in these media readily protonated to give AcPhH. The stability of these intermediates seems to be the major factor responsible for the clean electrochemical interconversion of the AcPh + /AcPhH redox couple. The implementation of this redox couple as part of photo‐electrochemical energy conversion systems is discussed.
Joint Optimization for PAPR Reduction and Opportunistic Beamforming (OBF) in OFDM Systems (2009)

Weighting vectors with periodical structure, which are used in opportunistic beamforming (OBF) OFDM system, are generated to reduce the PAPR of the OFDM signal and the complexities of the tradition OBF-OFDM system simultaneously. The simulation results show that with less complexities, the throughput, both in maximum throughput scheduling scheme and the proportional fairness (PF) scheduling scheme, can be improved using the proposed scheme as comparison with the OFDM without OBF.
Hypoxia‐induced production of stromal cell–derived factor 1 (CXCL12) and vascular endothelial growth factor by synovial fibroblasts (2002)

As with VEGF, SDF-1 expression is induced by hypoxia; however, cytokines induce VEGF but not SDF-1. Hypoxic conditions in RA synovium, which are likely to be transient and episodic, may contribute to the persistence of synovitis by inducing VEGF and SDF-1.
The Marker State Space (MSS) Method for Classifying Clinical Samples (2013)

The development of accurate clinical biomarkers has been challenging in part due to the diversity between patients and diseases. One approach to account for the diversity is to use multiple markers to classify patients, based on the concept that each individual marker contributes information from its respective subclass of patients. Here we present a new strategy for developing biomarker panels that accounts for completely distinct patient subclasses. Marker State Space (MSS) defines "marker states" based on all possible patterns of high and low values among a panel of markers. Each marker state is defined as either a case state or a control state, and a sample is classified as case or control based on the state it occupies. MSS was used to define multi-marker panels that were robust in cross validation and training-set/test-set analyses and that yielded similar classification accuracy to several other classification algorithms. A three-marker panel for discriminating pancreatic cancer patients from control subjects revealed subclasses of patients based on distinct marker states. MSS provides a straightforward approach for modeling highly divergent subclasses of patients, which may be adaptable for diverse applications.
A very low bit rate speech coder using HMM with speaker adaptation (1998)

This paper describes a speaker adaptation technique for a phonetic vocoder based on HMM. In the vocoder, the encoder performs phoneme recognition and transmits phoneme indexes and state durations to the decoder, and the decoder synthesizes speech using HMM-based speech synthesis technique. One of the main problems of this vocoder is that the voice characteristics of synthetic speech depend on HMMs used in the decoder, and are therefore fixed regardless of a variety of input speakers. To overcome this problem, we adapt HMMs to input speech by transmitting transfer vectors, information on mismatch between the input speech and HMMs. The results of the subjective tests show that the performance of the proposed vocoder without quantization of transfer vectors is comparable to that of a speaker dependent vocoder.
[Management and drug therapy of patients with disseminated testicular tumors]. (1986)

The experience gained in the treatment of 111 cases of testicular tumor is summarized in the paper. Methods of management of testicular cancer in the eighties differ significantly from those employed in the seventies. A set of drugs used is different. The share of cases of monochemotherapy has decreased markedly. PVB and VAB-6 schemes are highly effective inducing complete or partial remission in 80-90% of cases. Issues of treatment of patients with massive metastases in retroperitoneal lymph nodes and lungs remain unresolved. Timely diagnosis of dissemination will improve chemotherapy results.
From Cancer to Pain Target by Automated Selectivity Inversion of a Clinical Candidate (2018)

Elimination of inadvertent binding is crucial for inhibitor design targeting conserved protein classes like kinases. Compounds in clinical trials provide a rich source for initiating drug design efforts by exploiting such secondary binding events. Considering both aspects, we shifted the selectivity of tozasertib, originally developed against AurA as cancer target, toward the pain target TrkA. First, selectivity-determining features in binding pockets were identified by fusing interaction grids of several key and off-target conformations. A focused library was subsequently created and prioritized using a multiobjective selection scheme that filters for selective and highly active compounds based on orthogonal methods grounded in computational chemistry and machine learning. Eighteen high-ranking compounds were synthesized and experimentally tested. The top-ranked compound has 10000-fold improved selectivity versus AurA, nanomolar cellular activity, and is highly selective in a kinase panel. This was achieved in a single round of automated in silico optimization, highlighting the power of recent advances in computer-aided drug design to automate design and selection processes.
Noise in optical low-coherence reflectometry (1998)

It is theoretically and experimentally shown that Fresnel end reflection at a waveguide under test can degrade the sensitivity of an optical low-coherence reflectometer (OLCR) with a balanced detection scheme. Optical mixing of the local oscillator (LO) light and the end reflection produces beat noise whose current noise spectral density is represented by 2(1+P/sup 2/)<I/sub 1/><I/sub 2/>//spl delta//spl nu/, where P and /spl delta//spl nu/ are the degree of polarization and the effective linewidth of the light, respectively, and <I/sub 2/> and <I/sub 2/> are the total mean photocurrents of the LO light and the end reflection at the balanced mixer, respectively. The balanced detection technique suppresses the intensity noise of the light and the beat noise becomes the dominant source of sensitivity degradation. The minimum detectable reflectivity is derived which includes the effect of sensitivity degradation caused by beat noise.
Direct interaction between α‐actinin and hepatitis C virus NS5B (2003)

It has been suggested that cellular proteins are involved in hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA replication. By using the yeast two-hybrid system, we isolated seven cDNA clones encoding proteins interacting with HCV RNA polymerase (NS5B) from a human liver cDNA library. For one of these, alpha-actinin, we confirmed the interaction by coimmunoprecipitation, immunofluorescent staining and confocal microscopic analysis. Experiments with deletion mutants showed that domains NS5B(84-95), NS5B(466-478), and alpha-actinin(621-733) are responsible for the interaction. Studies of the HCV subgenomic replicon system with small interference RNA indicate that alpha-actinin is essential for HCV RNA replication. Our results suggest alpha-actinin may be a component of the HCV replication complex.