gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Late Endosomes Act as mRNA Translation Platforms and Sustain Mitochondria in Axons (2019)

Local translation regulates the axonal proteome, playing an important role in neuronal wiring and axon maintenance. How axonal mRNAs are localized to specific subcellular sites for translation, however, is not understood. Here we report that RNA granules associate with endosomes along the axons of retinal ganglion cells. RNA-bearing Rab7a late endosomes also associate with ribosomes, and real-time translation imaging reveals that they are sites of local protein synthesis. We show that RNA-bearing late endosomes often pause on mitochondria and that mRNAs encoding proteins for mitochondrial function are translated on Rab7a endosomes. Disruption of Rab7a function with Rab7a mutants, including those associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2B neuropathy, markedly decreases axonal protein synthesis, impairs mitochondrial function, and compromises axonal viability. Our findings thus reveal that late endosomes interact with RNA granules, translation machinery, and mitochondria and suggest that they serve as sites for regulating the supply of nascent pro-survival proteins in axons.
Instant messaging usage policies enable ubiquitous communication (2006)

Instant messaging (IM) systems are popular among users. Inside corporate environments, the real-time nature of IM communication has resulted in increased productivity. However, network administrators are concerned about the lack of security in ubiquitous IM systems and their potential to leak sensitive data to outsiders. In response, some corporate managers have banned the use of IM inside the organization. We advocate the adoption of IM usage policy that clarifies how security can be strengthened while maintaining realtime communication. It is hoped that the usage guidelines outlined in this paper will enable ubiquitous communication while maintaining security in IM environments.
Structure-Guided Synthesis and Mechanistic Studies Reveal Sweetspots on Naphthyl Salicyl Hydrazone Scaffold as Non-Nucleosidic Competitive, Reversible Inhibitors of Human Ribonucleotide Reductase (2017)

Ribonucleotide reductase (RR), an established cancer target, is usually inhibited by antimetabolites, which display multiple cross-reactive effects. Recently, we discovered a naphthyl salicyl acyl hydrazone-based inhibitor (NSAH or E-3a) of human RR (hRR) binding at the catalytic site (C-site) and inhibiting hRR reversibly. We herein report the synthesis and biochemical characterization of 25 distinct analogs. We designed each analog through docking to the C-site of hRR based on our 2.7 Å X-ray crystal structure (PDB ID: 5TUS). Broad tolerance to minor structural variations preserving inhibitory potency is observed. E-3f (82% yield) displayed an in vitro IC<sub>50</sub> of 5.3 ± 1.8 μM against hRR, making it the most potent in this series. Kinetic assays reveal that E-3a, E-3c, E-3t, and E-3w bind and inhibit hRR through a reversible and competitive mode. Target selectivity toward the R1 subunit of hRR is established, providing a novel way of inhibition of this crucial enzyme.
Efficient Generation of high-order context-dependent Weighted Finite State Transducers for Speech Recognition (2006)

This paper describes an algorithm for efficient building of weighted finite state transducers for speech recognition when high-order context-dependent models of order K>3 (triphones) with tied states are used. We show how an algorithm to build a part of the needed composed transducers directly from the decision trees in combination with an improved compilation process can lead to much faster, simpler and more memory-efficient compilation. In our case, it also resulted in substantially smaller final networks. With the described algorithm, it is simple to use high-order full cross-word models with little overhead directly within a one-pass time-synchronous search, which we test comparing resulting final network sizes, recognition rates and speed on a large, spontaneous Japanese speech database. Using the proposed algorithm, it is possible to do real-time recognition using full crossword quinphones with a large acoustic model in about 125 MB of memory at about 9% search error.
Ionomers of Intrinsic Microporosity: In Silico Development of Ionic-Functionalized Gas-Separation Membranes (2014)

This work presents the predictive molecular simulations of a functionalized polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM) with an ionic backbone (carboxylate) and extra-framework counterions (Na(+)) for CO2 gas storage and separation applications. The CO2-philic carboxylate-functionalized polymers are predicted to contain similar degrees of free volume to PIM-1, with Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface areas from 510 to 890 m(2)/g, depending on concentration of ionic groups from 100% to 17%. As a result of ionic groups enhancing the CO2 enthalpy of adsorption (to 42-50 kJ/mol), the uptake of the proposed polymers at 293 K exceeded 1.7 mmol/g at 10 kPa and 3.3 mmol/g at 100 kPa for the polymers containing 100% and 50% ionic functional groups, respectively. In addition, CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 mixed-gas separation performance was evaluated under several industrially relevant conditions, where the IonomIMs are shown to increase both the working capacity and selection performance in certain pressure swing applications (e.g., natural gas separations). These simulations reveal that intrinsically microporous ionomers show great potential as the future of energy-efficient gas-separation polymeric materials.
Fiber-coupled single-photon detectors based on NbN superconducting nanostructures for practical quantum cryptography and photon-correlation studies (2006)

We have fabricated and tested a two-channel single-photon detector system based on two fiber-coupled superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs). Our best device reached the system quantum efficiency of 0.3% in the 1540-nm telecommunication wavelength with a fiber-to-detector coupling factor of about 30%. The photoresponse consisted of 2.5-ns-wide voltage pulses with a rise time of 250ps and timing jitter below 40ps. The overall system response time, measured as a second-order, photon cross-correlation function, was below 400ps. Our SSPDs operate at 4.2K inside a liquid-helium Dewar, but their optical fiber inputs and electrical outputs are at room temperature. Our two-channel detector system should find applications in practical quantum cryptography and in antibunching-type quantum correlation measurements.
Present Situation and Development Trend of Beer Plastic Packaging (2008)

The present situation and development trend of beer plastic packaging of home and abroad was discussed.The application of high-technological plastic packaging material was introduced.The marketing prospective of beer plastic packaging was forecasted.It was put forward that plastic bottle is the mainstream direction of beer packaging;the implementation of plastic packaging has high benefits economically and socially.
The Penetration of Topical Cysteamine into the Human Eye (1996)

The penetration of cysteamine into human aqueous was measured to assess its suitability as a topical agent for the prevention of radiation-induced cataract. Cysteamine drops (0.5% and 1.0%) were administered preoperatively to cataract patients every half hour, for two, four, six or eight hours. Aqueous humor was collected at the start of surgery and assayed for total free thiol. There was no significant difference in the aqueous thiol level of any of the treatment groups compared with the controls. No side effects were observed.
Coauthentication (2019)

This paper introduces and evaluates collaborative authentication, or coauthentication, a single-factor technique in which multiple registered devices work together to authenticate a user. Coauthentication provides security benefits similar to those of multi-factor techniques, such as mitigating theft of any one authentication secret, without some of the inconveniences of multi-factor techniques, such as having to enter passwords or biometrics. Coauthentication provides additional security benefits, including: preventing phishing, replay, and man-in-the-middle attacks; basing authentications on high-entropy secrets that can be generated and updated automatically; and availability protections against, for example, device misplacement and denial-of-service attacks. Coauthentication is amenable to many applications, including m-out-of-n, continuous, group, shared-device, and anonymous authentications. The principal security properties of coauthentication have been formally verified in ProVerif, and implementations have performed efficiently compared to password-based authentication.
dry coke quenching, air pollution and energy: a status report (1975)

Dry quenching of incandescent coke after it has been pushed from the coking ovens is a proved, reliable process that is presently being used in several industrialized countries. Foremost among dry quenching’s advantages are: (1) virtual elimination of air pollutants emitted during quenching; (2) elimination of potential water pollution associated with wet quenching; (3) improvements in the working environment; (4) saving substantial amounts of energy in usable forms; (5) producing more usable coke that is superior to wet-quenched coke. By continuously circulating inert gases through a cooling chamber that contains hot coke, dry quenching recovers waste-heat energy that can be used to produce steam, to produce electricity, to preheat combustion air, to preheat coal, to dry coal, and to preheat feed water supplied to fuel-fired boilers. The pay-out period on the capital investment (approximately $7,100,000) for an installation capable of processing 5500 tons of coke/day is less than four years.
Tolerance optimization using genetic algorithm and approximated simulation. (1992)

The purpose of this research is the development of a new approach to tolerance optimization problems. Optimal tolerance allotment problems can be formulated as stochastic optimization problems. Most schemes to solve the stochastic optimization problems have been found to exhibit difficulties in multivariate integration of the probability density function. As a typical example of stochastic optimization, the optimal tolerance allotment problem has the same difficulties. In this research, a new approach based on existing tools was posed. Approximate Monte Carlo simulation and a genetic algorithm were used as analysis (i.e. multivariate integration) and synthesis (i.e. optimization) tools respectively. The new algorithm performed robustly for an extremely approximate simulation. A significant reduction in optimal cost was observed compared to the results obtained in previous studies. After solving the optimal tolerance allotment problem, other types of tolerancing problems (design centering and design centering-tolerance allotment) were considered using similar approaches. An original problem type, the design centering-tolerance allotment (DCTA) problem, was posed and solved with a remarkable cost reduction compared to conventional problem formulations.
Anelastic Behavior of Suspension Plasma Sprayed Ceramic Coatings (2016)

Suspension plasma spraying (SPS) is a rising coating technology producing fine nanostructured coatings with promising mechanical and physical properties while taking advantages of the well-established Atmospheric Plasma Spray (APS) process. Anelastic behavior of the coatings can be a specific identifier of their mechanical behavior which is related to the strength of coatings interlayers bonding and defect architecture. To better understand the relationship between SPS conditions and anelastic responses, post-deposition characterization technique under multiple thermal cycles using ex-situ coating property (ECP) sensor, which is based on thermal mismatch strain of coating-substrate system is applied. This technique makes it possible to determine the elastic modulus, non-linear degree and hysteresis degree of the spray coatings through the curvature-temperature response in a dependable and repeatable way. In this work, suspension plasma-sprayed YSZ ceramic coatings are produced under different spray conditions, and their anelastic characteristics are compared. The results show that the samples coated in high plasma power condition have a higher elastic modulus at low strain which is attributed to better inter-splat/inter-layer bonding due to higher particle impact velocity and temperature. However, samples produced in low raster speed condition have a relatively lower elastic modulus and higher compliance at an elevated temperature which describes the higher flexibility of these coating at higher temperature. These results make it possible to better understand the relationship between sprayed coating microstructures and mechanical properties in SPS coatings.
Hippocampus of the domestic pig: A stereological study of subdivisional volumes and neuron numbers (1994)

With the aim of establishing a quantitative structural basis for comparative and experimental studies, the volumes of the hippocampal subdivisions and the total number of neurons in each subdivision were estimated in domestic pig brains using modern stereological techniques. In addition to a detailed description of the stereological methods used in the analysis, comprehensive descriptions of the architectonic boundaries of the subdivisions are included. The absolute and relative volumes of the subdivisions were compared to those of a number of other species and the relationship between the number of neurons and the volume of the subdivisions was compared to that in homologous subdivisions of laboratory rats and humans. The methodology used to estimate the volumes and the total number of neurons in the individual subdivisions were evaluated with regard to the sensitivity that they can provide in experimental studies.
A universal value of effective annealing time for rapid oxide nucleation and growth under pulsed ultraviolet laser irradiation (2013)

The effective annealing times (t(eff)) for nucleating various oxides from an amorphous matrix under nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation have been determined. The oxides, which had perovskite, bixbyite, anatase, and pyrochlore structures, showed similar t(eff) values for crystal nucleation of around 60 ns. This indicates that the effective annealing time is a good universal value for evaluating pulsed laser-induced oxide nucleation. Time-resolved resistance measurements of tin-doped In2O3 thin films under pulsed laser irradiation showed that crystal nucleation and rapid growth proceeded spontaneously with an instantaneous temperature rise.
Milbemycins, a new family of macrolide antibiotics. Fermentation, isolation and physico-chemical properties of milbemycins D,E,F,G and H. (1983)

Strain Au-3, a mutant of Streptomyces hygroscopicus subsp. aureolacrimosus, obtained with ultraviolet irradiation, was a high-yield strain of milbemycins D, E, F, G and H. Fermentation studies on the strains were conducted in shake flasks and 30-liter jar fermentors. Isolation of the metabolites was performed by adsorption on resinous adsorbent followed by elution with aqueous MeOH and separated by silica gel column chromatography. Milbemycin D was obtained as colorless needles after recrystallization and milbemycins E, F, G and H were purified to homogeneity by column chromatography. Physico-chemical characterization revealed that milbemycins D, E, F, G and H were new antibiotics possessing the 16-membered macrocyclic lactone with a 6,6-membered spiroketal ring system.
The site-specific ribosomal insertion element type II of Bombyx mori (R2Bm) contains the coding sequence for a reverse transcriptase-like enzyme. (1987)

Two classes of DNA elements interrupt a fraction of the rRNA repeats of Bombyx mori. We have analyzed by genomic blotting and sequence analysis one class of these elements which we have named R2. These elements occupy approximately 9% of the rDNA units of B. mori and appear to be homologous to the type II rDNA insertions detected in Drosophila melanogaster. Approximately 25 copies of R2 exist within the B. mori genome, of which at least 20 are located at a precise location within otherwise typical rDNA units. Nucleotide sequence analysis has revealed that the 4.2-kilobase-pair R2 element has a single large open reading frame, occupying over 82% of the total length of the element. The central region of this 1,151-amino-acid open reading frame shows homology to the reverse transcriptase enzymes found in retroviruses and certain transposable elements. Amino acid homology of this region is highest to the mobile line 1 elements of mammals, followed by the mitochondrial type II introns of fungi, and the pol gene of retroviruses. Less homology exists with transposable elements of D. melanogaster and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Two additional regions of sequence homology between L1 and R2 elements were also found outside the reverse transcriptase region. We suggest that the R2 elements are retrotransposons that are site specific in their insertion into the genome. Such mobility would enable these elements to occupy a small fraction of the rDNA units of B. mori despite their continual elimination from the rDNA locus by sequence turnover.
Intrinsically-Safe Fiber Optic Sensors Reduce Cost and Improve Process Control (2003)

After years of research and development, intrinsically safe, fiber optic sensing technology has matured to the point that it is now ready for use in industrial applications where it has the potential to significantly reduce installation and maintenance costs and offers substantial improvements in process control. This paper will describe the basic principles and components that make up a fiber optic sensing system, the results of an extensive characterization program performed on temperature and pressure transducers, the multiplexing approach and communications options. This paper will also describe specific applications of this technology that are being developed for the process industry.
A Preliminary Toxicological Evaluation of Eight Chemicals Used as Wood Preservatives. (1984)

A preliminary toxicological evaluation of eight chemicals used as wood preservatives has been made and the data gaps identified. The mammalian toxicology, environmental and ecological effects, and environmental standards for pentachlorophenol, copper naphthenate, copper 8-quinolinolate, 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate, 2-(thiocyanomethylthio)benzothiazole, zinc naphthenate, ammoniacal copper borate, and tri-n-butyltin oxide have been reviewed, and recommendations made for further toxicological studies. (Author)
Separation of the effects of astigmatic figure error from misalignments using Nodal Aberration Theory (NAT) (2010)

We present the nodal aberration field response of Ritchey-Chrétien telescopes to a combination of optical component misalignments and astigmatic figure error on the primary mirror. It is shown that both astigmatic figure error and secondary mirror misalignments lead to binodal astigmatism, but that each type has unique, characteristic locations for the astigmatic nodes. Specifically, the characteristic node locations in the presence of astigmatic figure error (at the pupil) in an otherwise aligned telescope exhibit symmetry with respect to the field center, i.e. the midpoint between the astigmatic nodes remains at the field center. For the case of secondary mirror misalignments, one of the astigmatic nodes remains nearly at the field center (in a coma compensated state) as presented in Optics Express 18, 5282-5288 (2010), while the second astigmatic node moves away from the field center. This distinction leads directly to alignment methods that preserve the dynamic range of the active wavefront compensation component.
Header space analysis: static checking for networks (2012)

Today’s networks typically carry or deploy dozens of protocols and mechanisms simultaneously such as MPLS, NAT, ACLs and route redistribution. Even when individual protocols function correctly, failures can arise from the complex interactions of their aggregate, requiring network administrators to be masters of detail. Our goal is to automatically find an important class of failures, regardless of the protocols running, for both operational and experimental networks. To this end we developed a general and protocolagnostic framework, called Header Space Analysis (HSA). Our formalism allows us to statically check network specifications and configurations to identify an important class of failures such as Reachability Failures, Forwarding Loops and Traffic Isolation and Leakage problems. In HSA, protocol header fields are not first class entities; instead we look at the entire packet header as a concatenation of bits without any associated meaning. Each packet is a point in the {0, 1} L space where L is the maximum length of a packet header, and networking boxes transform packets from one point in the space to another point or set of points (multicast). We created a library of tools, called Hassel, to implement our framework, and used it to analyze a variety of networks and protocols. Hassel was used to analyze the Stanford University backbone network, and found all the forwarding loops in less than 10 minutes, and verified reachability constraints between two subnets in 13 seconds. It also found a large and complex loop in an experimental loose source routing protocol in 4 minutes. 1
ExTENDS: Efficient Data Placement and Management for Next Generation PCM-Based Storage Systems (2019)

Although flash memory solid state drives (FSSDs) outperform traditional hard disk drives (HDDs), their performance still fails to cope up with the perennial doubling speeds of microprocessors, regardless of the available high bandwidth. To alleviate this bottleneck, many semiconductor companies, such as Intel, Micron, Samsung, and Hynix have already recently manufactured faster and more scalable non-volatile memory (NVM) technology as main memory but none so far have publicly announced their implementation or production of a full NVM Phase Change Memory SSD (PCM-SSD). Considering implementing NVM-PCM as secondary memory, we can build a future PCM-SSD (PSSD) to replace the slow traditional FSSD. However, a careful design, especially for the controller is essential to hide and manage PCM endurance constraints, in-place-updates ability, bit-addressability and enabling it to appear as a block device to the host as their predecessors (HDD and FSSD) do. In this paper, we propose implementing ExTENDS, a hardware assumption of NVM-PCM instead of the NVM-flash memory as our future secondary/persistent memory in storage systems. We further present a PCM file translation layer (PhaseFTL) that can efficiently manage address translations from a host file system to PCM while hiding PCM constrains and allowing the PCM blocks to wear down evenly. Moreover, PhaseFTL can efficiently manipulate the bit-addressability and in-place-update feature of PCM. Our experimental results shows that our proposed PSSD can improve overall SSD performance throughput by an average of 69% compared to traditional FSSDs.
Outage Capacity and Cutoff Rate of Bit-Interleaved Coded OFDM under Quasi-Static Frequency Selective Fading (2004)

IEEE 802.11a wireless local area network (WLAN) system which employs bit-interleaved coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is one of the most important applications of bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM). The capacity and cutoff rate of BICM have been well studied in flat-fading channels assuming infinite-length ideal interleaving. This assumption is practically justifiable only in fast-fading channels. WLAN channel environment is, however, highly frequency selective while slowly varying in time. In this work, we obtain outage capacity and outage cutoff rate expressions for BICM in such quasistatic frequency selective fades, under a uniform ideal interleaving assumption. These results are also extended to the general case of space-frequency BICM (SF-BICM) which is the multiinput multioutput (MIMO) extension of BICM.
Vorbehandlung von Kunststoffen für Klebverbindungen (1993)

S.292-298