gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesizing scalable system software for wireless sensor networks (2007)

Sensor networks are being deployed at massive scales, containing a range of sensors and underlying computing platforms. Programming paradigms for sensor networks should meet the attendant challenges of scale and heterogeneity. Furthermore, with sensor networks expected to be deployed for long periods of time, the ability to reprogram them remotely is necessary in order to provide new services, fix bugs, and enhance applications and system software. The operating system and whole system reprogramming approach in use today will have limited use in the future, given the envisioned scales of sensor network deployments. In order to address this challenge, researchers have treated virtual machines as system software. However, to satisfy the resource limitations of sensor nodes, they usually export only a minimal set of services to the application programmer. This makes applications of even moderate complexity difficult to implement.
In this dissertation, methods to implement virtual machines that scale and export comprehensive service-suites on a per-application basis are presented. The use of fine-grained software synthesis and scaling to build resource-efficient system software is advocated, and a new incremental linking technique to reduce the cost of application evolution to facilitate both application changes and system software upgrades at run-time is introduced, as is the design and implementation of VMs—a framework for building resource-efficient virtual machines that embodies this philosophy. I show how VMs is effective in meeting the difficult demands of heterogeneity and reprogrammability in wireless sensor networks through the cooperating use of software synthesis techniques, virtual machine system software, and incremental update. A major impediment to the widespread adoption of virtual machines is the high performance overhead—to this end. I describe various techniques to optimize system software and provide guidelines for designing efficient virtual machines for resource-constrained computing platforms.
Instrumentation and assay procedures for verification of the radionuclide content of low-level waste packages (1983)

The preferred embodiment of waste package assay instrumentation for verification of the radionuclide content is a high resolution germanium diode gamma-ray spectrometer incorporated in a segmented gamma scanner and a passive neutron interrogation system for measurement of the neutrons emitted spontaneously from a waste package. The selection criteria and rationale for this choice are discussed. Assembly and operation procedures for the instrumentation are recommended, and methods for data acquisition and reduction are given. The choice of radioisotopes for fabrication of calibration standards is /sup 60/Co at approx. 10 mCi/m/sup 3/, /sup 90/Sr at approx. 10 mCi/m/sup 3/, /sup 134/Cs at approx. 14 mCi/m/sup 3/, /sup 137/Cs at approx. 15 mCi/m/sup 3/, and transuranic alpha activity at approx. 10 nCi/g. Suggested matrix materials are given.
SPIN: THE SEQUENTIAL PIPELINED NEUROEMULATOR (1993)

This paper proposes a novel digital neural network architecture referred to as the Sequential PIpelined Neuroemulator or Neurocomputer (SPIN). The SPIN processor emulates neural networks producing high performance with minimum hardware by sequentially processing each neuron in the modeled completely connected network with a pipelined physical neuron structure. In addition to describing SPIN, performance equations are estimated for the ring systolic, the recurrent systolic array, and the neuromimetic neurocomputer architectures, three previously reported schemes for the emulation of neural networks, and a comparison with the SPIN architecture is reported.
The polyurea structure and the role of Amine-Terminated Polyethers and Polyesters in Polyurethanes (1994)

The Reaction Injection Molding (RIM) technology has made it possible to master the fast reaction of di- and polyamines with di- and polyisocyanates, leading to the preferred polyurea structure. Telechelics with amino end groups are gaining increased interest for the manufacture of polyurethane-polyurea materials by this technology. They make it possible to substitute all urethane groups in the elastomers with urea groups. The telechelics which are considered are amine-terminated polyethers (ATPE) and polyesters based on the typical soft-segment forming polycondensation polymers which are widely used in polyurethane chemistry. Isocyanate-terminated prepolymers of toluene diisocyanate and polyether polyols can be hydrolyzed in aqueous alkaline media via the carbamate intermediate to the amineterminated prepolymers. The reactivity of these aromatic ATPEs was ideally fit for the RIM process. ATPEs by the hydrolysis process are somewhat limited if products with low viscosities are required. In the reaction of chloro-nitrobenzenes with polyether polyols followed by the hydrogenation of the nitro groups of the terminal phenoxy moieties, we found a path for the synthesis of low viscosity aromatic ATPEs. Capping of polyether polyols with acetoacetate groups and subsequent reaction of the acetoacetylated polyethers with amines, leads to polyethers with terminal imine or enamine groups, which are derivates of aminocrotonic acid. We determined that this approach is a universal method for the synthesis of a large variety of aromatic as well as aliphatic ATPEs with low viscosities. Trifluoroacetic acid turned out to be the ideal catalyst for the reaction of the acetoacetylated polyethers with aromatic diamines, one amino group forming the imine link, the second one remaining intact and providing the desired reactivity towards isocyanates. Aliphatic diamines do not require a catalyst for this reaction. They lead to aminocrotonates with aliphatic amino groups that have high reactivity towards isocyanates, which is to be expected from aliphatic amines. The reaction of the chloroformates of polyether polyols with diamines can also be used to synthesize a variety of ATPEs. We recently developed an approach to low viscosity ATPEs having secondary amino end groups. The hydroxyl groups of the polyether polyols are converted to chloride or methanesulfonyl. The polyethers terminated with these leaving-groups are reacted with primary aliphatic or aromatic amines to give the secondary ATPEs in very good yields.
Inkjet Assisted Micro-scale cooling of Electronics Enabling device compaction by efficient thermal management (2005)

Micro-scale cooling can enable compaction of microelectronic and MEMS devices. The use of thermal inkjet technology to precisely supply coolant onto the surface of a microprocessor has the potential to address this problem in a micro-scale form factor. By providing coolant when and where it is needed on the surface of a chip or package, very high critical heat fluxes can be obtained in an energy efficient manner in a minimum of physical space. Results from an experimental test bed provide valuable data to benchmark and develop understanding of inkjet assisted spray cooling. Analysis of these results also provides a window into future paths of research for efficient ink jet assisted spray cooling with jet impingement control.
High-Radix Nonblocking Integrated Optical Switching Fabric for Data Center (2017)

To accomplish high-bandwidth and low-latency communications among tens or even hundreds of nodes with low power consumption, dual radial and angular grating optical network (DRAGON), a new integrated high-radix strictly nonblocking optical switching fabric, is proposed in this paper. The topology and routing algorithms of DRAGON are discussed, and a formal proof for the strictly nonblocking property is presented. With the loss model developed, we show DRAGON has significantly lower worst-case loss as well as average loss compared with other widely studied integrated nonblocking switching fabrics. In addition, our crosstalk analysis also suggests a lower crosstalk of DRAGON. For example, for 32 wavelength division multiplexing channels, both the worst-case loss and average loss of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{180}}\times {\text{180}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> DRAGON are around 20 dB lower than crossbar of the same size, and 28 dB lower than <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{128}}\times {\text{128}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> Beneš. Furthermore, due to the strictly nonblocking property, DRAGON has advantages of smaller communication latency and larger throughput compared with Beneš switching fabric.
Playing repeated Stackelberg games with unknown opponents (2012)

In Stackelberg games, a player first chooses a mixed strategy to commit to, then a player responds based on the observed leader strategy. Notable strides have been made in scaling up the algorithms for such games, but the problem of finding optimal leader strategies spanning multiple rounds of the game, with a Bayesian prior over unknown follower preferences, has been left unaddressed. Towards remedying this shortcoming we propose a first-of-a-kind tractable method to compute an optimal plan of leader actions in a repeated game against an unknown follower, assuming that the follower plays myopic best-response in every round. Our approach combines Monte Carlo Tree Search, dealing with leader exploration/exploitation tradeoffs, with a novel technique for the identification and pruning of dominated leader strategies. The method provably finds asymptotically optimal solutions and scales up to real world security games spanning double-digit number of rounds.
Application of an infrared astronomy camera system for photo emission microscopy (1995)

The development of the infrared photoemission microscopy system is to enhance failure analysis and reliability measurements of integrated devises. Though it has limited spatial resolution because of diffraction physics, yet there are areas unexplored in devise physics that could reveal a better in the infrared using sensitive hybrid arrays both for photometric and spectral imaging. As in all physics, multiwavelength with high spectral and spatial resolutions are necessary to understand the fundamental nature of what make devises work.
The application of real time 3D acoustical imaging (2002)

The advent of real time 3D acoustical imaging makes entirely new sensing capabilities available to the ocean community. This paper presents the fundamentals of this new technique and explains the differences between this method and conventional type imaging methods like video and sonar. 3D real time acoustical imaging is characterized by a number of important features like the ability to image a moving object, image presentation in a 3D environment, extraction of x,y,z coordinates, the possibility of adding virtual objects to the 3D scene as well as imaging in turbid water with practically zero visibility. 3D real time acoustics generate an "acoustic movie" with an update rate of between 2 and 10 images per second. Hence an object moving in any direction can be shown real time. All acoustic 3D data are known with respect to reflection intensity and x,y and z co-ordinates and can thus be shown in a 3D environment, i.e. the observer can change observation point in the 3D scene in order to acquire the best possible information. Moreover, knowledge of the 3D geometry allows for extraction of x,y,z co-ordinates for any pixel in the 3D image. Size and distance data are thus easy to obtain. The 3D presentation method allows for addition of virtual objects in the scene. The virtual objects can be described in VRML-format. The detection range of acoustical imaging systems extends to at least 100 metres, a range that exceeds the capabilities of any optical system. Also, even in near zero visibility environments, an acoustical system will generate images.
SAR signal reconstruction from non-uniform displaced phase centre sampling in the presence of perturbations (2005)

The displaced phase centre (DPC) technique enables a wide swath SAR with high azimuth resolution. In classic DPC systems, the pulse repetition frequency (PRF), sensor velocity and antenna length underlie a stringent timing requirement and any deviation will result in a non-uniform sampling of the syn­thetic aperture. This restriction can be overcome by the use of a recon­struction algorithm, which enables a recovery of the unambiguous Doppler spectrum also in case of a non-uniform sampling. This paper ex­plains limitations of the reconstruction imposed by the processing and the impacts on the ambiguity suppression. The potential of the algorithm when applied to DPC systems like TerraSAR-X with its split receive antenna is demon­strated and the benefits re­sulting from the additional receive ap­ertur e regarding swath width and resolution are pointed out. Further on, the impact of ad­ditive and phase noise on the recon­struction and its sensitivity against these perturbations are shown.
2-Ethyl and 2-Ethylidene Analogues of 1α,25-Dihydroxy-19-norvitamin D<sub>3</sub>:  Synthesis, Conformational Analysis, Biological Activities, and Docking to the Modeled rVDR Ligand Binding Domain (2002)

Novel 19-nor analogues of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 were prepared and substituted at C-2 with an ethylidene group. The synthetic pathway was via Wittig−Horner coupling of the corresponding A-ring phosphine oxides with the protected 25-hydroxy Grundmann's ketones. Selective catalytic hydrogenation of 2-ethylidene analogues provided the 2α- and 2β-ethyl compounds. The 2-ethylidene-19-nor compounds with a methyl group from the ethylidene moiety in a trans relationship to the C(6)−C(7) bond (E-isomers) were more potent than the corresponding Z-isomers and the natural hormone in binding to the vitamin D receptor. Both geometrical isomers (E and Z) of (20S)-2-ethylidene-19-norvitamin D3 and both 2α-ethyl-19-norvitamins (in the 20R- and 20S-series) have much higher HL-60 differentiation activity than does 1α,25-(OH)2D3. Both E-isomers (20R and 20S) of 2-ethylidene vitamins are characterized by very high calcemic activity in rats. The three-dimensional structure model of the rat vitamin D receptor and the computational docking of four synthesized (20R)-19-norvitamin D3 analogues into its binding pocket are also reported.
New 10-Trifluoromethyl Monomers, Dimers, and Chimeras of Artemisinin from a Key Allyl Bromide Precursor (2007)

The effect of the CF3 group on the metabolism of bioactive molecules is well exemplified in the herein reported antimalarial artemisinin derivatives. The design, synthesis and biological activity of various CF3-substituted artemisinin derivatives are described.
Differential polarimetric fiber-optic sensor configuration with dual wavelength operation (1989)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Alan D. Kersey, M. A. Davis, and M. J. Marrone, "Differential polarimetric fiber-optic sensor configuration with dual wavelength operation," Appl. Opt. 28, 204-206 (1989) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Efficient relativistic magnetron with lengthy virtual cathode formed using the magnetic mirror effect (2017)

In this paper we describe a relativistic magnetron with diffraction output (MDO) that uses a lengthy virtual cathode (VC) instead of a physical cathode as the source of electrons. Unlike our earlier work where the lengthy VC was formed from two VCs that were generated at the input and output of the MDO, here we describe using the magnetic mirror effect instead of the VC at the output of the MDO to not only form a lengthy VC, but also to eliminate axial leakage current to achieve even higher efficiency operation.
Thin ferroelectric films for thermal detector applications (1992)

Abstract The deposition of thin films of lead scandium tantalate (Pb(Sc1/2Ta1/2O3) have been investigated by two processing routes. In the first, progress is reviewed for chemical vapour deposition in a purpose built low pressure reactor, utilising suitable modified proprietary precursors. Deposition has been studied over the temperature range 400–800°C and, in general, amorphous films result which convert to crystalline perovskites on subsequent annealing. However, inclusion of hydroxy compounds in the vapour train catalyses the crystallisation process and enhances the growth rate at above 600°C. It was found that the best thin films, in terms of density and morphology, are formed at low deposition rates 1–2μm/hr. The perovskite phase is obtained if the gas phase composition is controlled throughout growth. The choice of precursors, gas compositions and growth conditions will be described. In the second process, lead scandium tantalate thin films (1μm) were deposited using a modified sol-gel solution route. This was achieved by spin-coating a solution of metallo-organic compounds of scandium and tantalum followed by lead, onto suitable substrates and firing and annealing the films at 800–1000°C. These firing temperatures gave films with grain sizes ranging from 0.5–4μm, which are single phase perovskite. Permittivity, dielectric loss and field induced pyro-electricity have been measured against field and temperature to assess the pyroelectric figure-of-merit, FD of films obtained from both film deposition process. The FD for sol-derived films indicates a performance similar to that of bulk ceramic material.
A distributed resource management framework for interference mitigation in OFDMA femtocell networks (2012)

Next generation wireless networks (i.e., WiMAX, LTE) provide higher bandwidth and spectrum efficiency leveraging smaller (femto) cells with orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA). The uncoordinated, dense deployments of femtocells however, pose several unique challenges relating to interference and resource management in these networks. Towards addressing these challenges, we propose RADION, a distributed resource management framework that effectively manages interference across femtocells. RADION's core building blocks enable femtocells to opportunistically find the available resources in a completely distributed and efficient manner. Further, RADION's modular nature paves the way for different resource management solutions to be incorporated in the framework. We implement RADION on a real WiMAX femtocell testbed deployed in a typical indoor setting. We extensively evaluate two solutions integrated with RADION, both via prototype implementation and simulations and quantify their performance in terms of quick and efficient self-organization.
Mutation in the<i>ITPA</i>Gene Predicts Intolerance to Azathioprine (2004)

Inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase (ITPase) deficiency occurs with polymorphic frequencies in Caucasians and results in the benign accumulation of the inosine nucleotide ITP. In 62 patients treated with azathioprine for inflammatory bowel disease, the ITPA 94C>A deficiency-associated allele was significantly associated with adverse drug reactions (OR 4.2, 95% CI 1.6-11.5, p = 0.0034). Significant associations were found for flu-like symptoms (OR 4.7, 95% CI 1.2-18.1, p = 0.0308), rash (OR 10.3, 95% CI 4.7-62.9, p = 0.0213) and pancreatitis (OR 6.2, CI 1.1-32.6, p = 0.0485). Polymorphism in the ITPA gene thus predicts AZA intolerance. Alternative immunosuppressive drugs, particularly 6-thioguanine, should be considered for AZA-intolerant patients with ITPase deficiency.
Lateral-transfer recirculating etalon spectrometer (2015)

We describe a Fabry-Perot etalon spectrometer with a novel light recirculation scheme to generate simultaneous parallel wavelength channels with no moving parts. This design uses very simple optics to recirculate light reflected from near normal incidence from the etalon at successively higher angles of incidence. The spectrometer has the full resolution of a Fabry-Perot with significantly improved photon efficiency in a compact, simple design with no moving parts. We present results from a conceptual prototype and a corresponding model.
Snapify (2014)

Intel Xeon Phi coprocessors provide excellent performance acceleration for highly parallel applications and have been deployed in several top-ranking supercomputers. One popular approach of programming the Xeon Phi is the offload model, where parallel code is executed on the Xeon Phi, while the host system executes the sequential code. However, Xeon Phi's Many Integrated Core Platform Software Stack (MPSS) lacks fault-tolerance support for offload applications. This paper introduces Snapify, a set of extensions to MPSS that provides three novel features for Xeon Phi offload applications: checkpoint and restart, process swapping, and process migration. The core technique of Snapify is to take consistent process snapshots of the communicating offload processes and their host processes. To reduce the PCI latency of storing and retrieving process snapshots, Snapify uses a novel data transfer mechanism based on remote direct memory access (RDMA). Snapify can be used transparently by single-node and MPI applications, or be triggered directly by job schedulers through Snapify's API. Experimental results on OpenMP and MPI offload applications show that Snapify adds a runtime overhead of at most 5%, and this overhead is low enough for most use cases in practice.
NLVS (2009)

This video demonstration presents a new system for video summarization, called ``Near-Lossless Video Summarization (NLVS) to tackle with the challenges of storage and indexing brought by the current boom of videos for existing online video services. Unlike current techniques such as video compression and summarization which are still struggling to achieve the two often conflicting goals of low storage and high visual and semantic fidelity, NLVS is able to summarize a video stream with least information loss by using an extremely small piece of metadata. Although at a very low compression ratio (1/30 of H.264 baseline in average, where traditional compression techniques like H.264 fail to preserve the fidelity), the summary still can be used to reconstruct the original video (with the same duration) nearly without semantic information loss.
Supported Ionic Liquid Catalysis (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Noncalcemic, Antiproliferative, Transcriptionally Active, 24-Fluorinated Hybrid Analogues of the Hormone 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub>. Synthesis and Preliminary Biological Evaluation (1998)

Four new hybrid analogues of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1) have been synthesized in a convergent manner by joining A-ring and C, D-ring fragments. Each hybrid analogue, having a noncalcemic 1-hydroxymethyl group and a potentiating 16-ene 24,24-difluorinated C,D-ring side chain, was designed to be lipophilic and inert toward 24-hydroxylase enzyme catabolism. Each hybrid analogue with 1beta, 3alpha-substituent stereochemistry (i.e., analogues 3b and 4b) showed a pharmacologically desirable combination of in vitro high antiproliferative activity in two different cell lines and high transcriptional activity with also low calcemic activity in vivo.