gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Unique Neoantigens Arise from Somatic Mutations in Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancers (2019)

Immunotherapies can mediate regression of human tumors with high mutation rates, but responses are rarely observed in patients with common epithelial cancers. This raises the question of whether patients with these common cancers harbor T lymphocytes that recognize mutant proteins expressed by autologous tumors that may represent ideal targets for immunotherapy. Using high-throughput immunologic screening of mutant gene products identified via whole-exome sequencing, we identified neoantigen-reactive tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) from 62 of 75 (83%) patients with common gastrointestinal cancers. In total, 124 neoantigen-reactive TIL populations were identified, and all but one of the neoantigenic determinants were unique. The results of <i>in vitro</i> T-cell recognition assays demonstrated that 1.6% of the gene products encoded by somatic nonsynonymous mutations were immunogenic. These findings demonstrate that the majority of common epithelial cancers elicit immune recognition and open possibilities for cell-based immunotherapies for patients bearing these cancers. SIGNIFICANCE: TILs cultured from 62 of 75 (83%) patients with gastrointestinal cancers recognized neoantigens encoded by 1.6% of somatic mutations expressed by autologous tumor cells, and 99% of the neoantigenic determinants appeared to be unique and not shared between patients.<i>This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 983</i>.
Prediction of Pork Color Grade using Image Two-tone Color Ratio Features and Support Vector Machine (2016)

The objective of this study was to investigate the usefulness of pork loin color image features in predicting pork two-tone color grade according to objective L* value. Nine image color features (specifically, the means for two-tone ratios of R, G, B, L*, a*, b*, H, S and I) were extracted from 3 different color spaces (RGB (Red, Green and Blue), CIE LAB (L*: luminance; a*: green to red; b*: blue to yellow) and HIS (Hue, saturation and Intensity)). Color features were extracted from a laboratory-based high-quality camera imaging system. Objective color (CIE L*, a* and b*) was measured using a Minolta Colorimeter, calibrated using both white and black tiles. Boneless, 2.54-cm thick sirloin chops (enhanced, n = 541; non-enhanced, n = 232) were collected. K-means clustering technique was used for grouping pork into two color grades based on Minolta L* value. The image color features were used as predictors for multivariate classification of the samples using machine learning method (Support Vector Machine, SVM). For establishing the model, each data set was separated into training (70%) and testing (30%) sets. Ten-fold cross validation was used to set up the model and test for the best model parameters. The results showed that, for both enhanced and non-enhanced chops, the SVM machine method predicted 100% correct for both grades. Therefore, color image features can be used to correctly classify pork chops by SVM model according to the Minolta L* value.
“The Sea, the Mountain, and the Fire with the Sword” (2014)

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Flexible Optical Comb Source for Super Channel Systems (2013)

We demonstrate a simple method of flexible optical frequency comb generation by gain switching an externally injected DFB laser. The FSR tunability from 25-33GHz renders this transmitter as a potential source for >100Gb/s optical networks.
Measurements of a compact Ku- and Ka-band 4×4 array for remote sensing (2018)

This paper presents the measurement results of a dual-band (Ku and Ka), dual polarization 4×4 array that fits within the surface of a Cubesat satellite. Each sub-array has two polarizations, namely vertical and horizontal (or 0° and 90°). The design uses a multi-layer structure such that the Ka-band (35 GHz) array is embedded within the empty space provided by a 2×2 Ku-band (14 GHz) sub-array. The feeding networks for both arrays are etched on the same substrate layer without overlapping of the transmission lines, while adequate space is provided to incorporate amplifier chips directly onto the network. The proposed array has similar radiation patterns at both frequencies with high gain and large front-to-back ratio. Adequate space for integrated phase-shifters is provided for beam steering and a proof-of-concept digital calibration scheme. The array is fabricated on a stack of PCB milled substrates. Measurements of scattering parameters are performed and matched the simulations. This array is compact and offers additional functionality compared to traditional single frequency and/or single polarization designs, and is suitable for airborne and small-satellite remote sensing applications.
Regional changes in brain glucose metabolism reflect cognitive impairments in aged rats (1984)

Aged rats (22 to 24 months) and young control rats (3 months) were tested in a battery of behavioral tests which included tests of learning, place navigation, sensorimotor integration, motor coordination, activity, and exploration. Following testing all animals were analyzed in an unanesthetized state for their local glucose utilization. Significant differences in glucose utilization were found between the aged and young groups on some behaviors and in some brain regions. There was considerable variability in the aged group in both their behavioral performance and their glucose utilization scores; thus, attempts were made to determine whether the variability in the degree of impairment within any particular behavioral test was correlated to the regional glucose utilization scores in any of the 45 brain regions analyzed. In two of the behavioral tests employed (i.e., one for learning and one for place navigation), the decline in performance correlated significantly with the decrement in regional glucose utilization. Moreover, the performance in these two tests showed significant correlation with glucose use in only five regions (dentate gyrus, medial septum-diagonal band area, hippocampal CA1, hippocampal CA3, and prefrontal cortex). These results show that the learning impairments in the aged rats are related to the extent of decrease in glucose utilization in restricted areas of the limbic system. In addition, the results show that the individual rats within an aged rat population develop cognitive impairments to a variable degree and that the aged rats with the most pronounced learning impairments are the ones exhibiting the most severe functional decrements, in terms of glucose utilization, in the septohippocampal system and the prefrontal cortex. This suggests that aging rats may be interesting not only for the study of the normal aging process, but also as a model of dementia.
A tool for nesting and clustering large objects (2002)

In implementations of non-standard database systems, large objects are often embedded within an aggregate of different types, i.e. a tuple. For a given size and access probability of a large object, query performance depends on its representation: either inlined within the aggregate or swapped out to a separate object. Furthermore, the implementation of complex data models often requires nested large objects, and access performance is highly influenced by the clustering strategy followed to store the resulting tree of large objects. In this paper we describe a large object extension which automatically clusters nested large objects. A rank function is developed which indicates the suitability of a large object being inserted into a given cluster. We present two clustering algorithms of different run-time complexity, both using the rank function, and a series of simulations is performed to compare them to each other as well as to two trivial ones. One of the algorithms proves to compute the most efficient clustering in all tests.
SAW PALMETTO FOR THE TREATMENT OF MEN WITH LOWER URINARY TRACT SYMPTOMS (2000)

Evidence suggests that saw palmetto may have a significant effect on urinary flow rates and symptom scores compared to placebo in men with lower urinary tract symptoms. However, large scale, placebo controlled trials are needed to assess the efficacy of saw palmetto.
Implementation of the memory-safe full ANSI-C compiler (2009)

This paper describes a completely memory-safe compiler for C language programs that is fully compatible with the ANSI C specification.
Fine-grained partitioning for aggressive data skipping (2014)

Modern query engines are increasingly being required to process enormous datasets in near real-time. While much can be done to speed up the data access, a promising technique is to reduce the need to access data through data skipping. By maintaining some metadata for each block of tuples, a query may skip a data block if the metadata indicates that the block does not contain relevant data. The effectiveness of data skipping, however, depends on how well the blocking scheme matches the query filters.
Environmental stability of 2D anisotropic tellurium containing nanomaterials: anisotropic to isotropic transition (2017)

We report on the vibrational (Raman) spectrum and structural transformation of semiconducting pseudo-1D GaTe and ZrTe<sub>3</sub> nanomaterials driven by ambient molecular interactions at the nanoscale by angle-resolved Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and environmental X-ray photoelectron (XPS) measurements. The results show that tellurium containing pseudo-1D materials undergo drastic structural and physical changes within a week. During this process, new Raman peaks start to emerge and surface roughness increases substantially. Surprisingly, aged Raman spectra of GaTe, ZrTe<sub>3</sub>, and α-TeO<sub>x</sub> show striking similarities suggesting that oxidation of tellurium takes place. Careful, environmental tests reveal that the interaction between GaTe and H<sub>2</sub>O molecules forms Te-O bonds at the outermost layers of GaTe which leads to newly emerging Raman peaks, a much reduced Schottky junction current density, and an anisotropic to isotropic structural transition. These findings offer fresh interpretation of the aging mechanisms for these material systems, provide new interpretation of the Raman spectrum of aged GaTe which was previously presumed to be of the hexagonal phase, and introduce an anisotropic to isotropic transformation effect induced by molecular interactions on the surface.
Fluorination-enabled optimal morphology leads to over 11% efficiency for inverted small-molecule organic solar cells (2016)

Solution-processable small molecules for organic solar cells have attracted intense attention for their advantages of definite molecular structures compared with their polymer counterparts. However, the device efficiencies based on small molecules are still lower than those of polymers, especially for inverted devices, the highest efficiency of which is <9%. Here we report three novel solution-processable small molecules, which contain π-bridges with gradient-decreased electron density and end acceptors substituted with various fluorine atoms (0F, 1F and 2F, respectively). Fluorination leads to an optimal active layer morphology, including an enhanced domain purity, the formation of hierarchical domain size and a directional vertical phase gradation. The optimal morphology balances charge separation and transfer, and facilitates charge collection. As a consequence, fluorinated molecules exhibit excellent inverted device performance, and an average power conversion efficiency of 11.08% is achieved for a two-fluorine atom substituted molecule.
Mismatch Repair in <i>Schizosacchromyces pombe</i> Requires the <i>mutL</i> Homologous Gene <i>pms1:</i> Molecular Cloning and Functional Analysis (1997)

Homologues of the bacterial mutS and mutL genes involved in DNA mismatch repair have been found in organisms from bacteria to humans. Here, we describe the structure and function of a newly identified Schizosaccharomyces pombe that encodes a predicted amino acid sequence of 794 residues with a high degree of homology to MutL related proteins. On the basis of its closer relationship to the eukaryotic "PMS" genes than to the "MLH" genes, we have designated the S. pombe homologue pms1. Disruption of the pms1 gene causes a significant increase of spontaneous mutagenesis as documented by reversion rate measurements. Tetrad analyses of crosses homozygous for the pms1 mutation reveal a reduction of spore viability from > 92% to 80% associated with a low proportion (approximately 50%) of meioses producing four viable spores and a significant, allele-dependent increase of the level of post-meiotic segregation of genetic marker allele pairs. The mutant phenotypes are consistent with a general function of pms1 in correction of mismatched base pairs arising as a consequence of DNA polymerase errors during DNA synthesis, or of hybrid DNA formation between homologous but not perfectly complementary DNA strands during meiotic recombination.
Development of a first-generation miniature multiple reference optical coherence tomography imaging device (2016)

Multiple reference optical coherence tomography (MR-OCT) is a technology ideally suited to low-cost, compact OCT imaging. This modality is an extension of time-domain OCT with the addition of a partial mirror in front of the reference mirror. This enables extended, simultaneous depth scanning with the relatively short scan range of a miniature voice coil motor on which the scanning mirror is mounted. This work details early stage development of the first iteration of a miniature MR-OCT device. This iteration utilizes a fiber-coupled input from an off-board superluminescent diode. The dimensions of the module are 40 × 57 ?? mm . Off-the-shelf miniature optical components, voice coil motors, and photodetectors are used, with the complexity of design depending on the specific application. The photonic module can be configured as either polarized or nonpolarized and can include balanced detection. The results shown in this work are from the nonpolarized device. The system was characterized through measurement of the input spectrum, axial resolution, and signal-to-noise ratio. Typical B-scans of static and in vivo samples are shown, which illustrate the potential applications for such a technology.
Sleepiness Detection for Cooperative Vehicle Navigation Strategies (2018)

Human-robot interaction (HRI) techniques has become important in the resolution of problems that can not be automated completely. Moreover, the design of strategies based on such interactions can help to compensate the agents respective limitations. This work aims the development of a HRI system, which is based on driver sleepiness to improve safety in a Renault Twizy vehicle. For this purpose, eye behavior measurements are extracted using a properly machine learning algorithm that can operate under varying illumination levels. Perclos and blink frequency measures are considered to estimate diver sleepiness, and based in such parameters, the vehicle speed is limited, which may help decrease accidents rate. The presented architecture can improve the security conditions of navigation for both users and pedestrians. The results show that it is possible to implement HRI strategies based on cognitive factors in urban areas to prevent fatal accidents.
Extrinsic 2D chirality: giant circular conversion dichroism from a metal-dielectric-metal square array (2014)

Giant chiroptical responses routinely occur in three dimensional chiral metamaterials (MMs), but their resonance elements with complex subwavelength chiral shapes are challenging to fabricate in the optical region. Here, we propose a new paradigm for obtaining strong circular conversion dichroism (CCD) based on extrinsic 2D chirality in multilayer achiral MMs, showing that giant chiroptical response can be alternatively attained without complex structures. Our structure consists of an array of thin Au squares separated from a continuous Au film by a GaAs dielectric layer, where the Au squares occupy the sites of a rectangular lattice. This structure gives rise to a pronounced extrinsically 2D-chiral effect (CCD) in the mid-infrared (M-IR) region under an oblique incidence, where the 2D-chiral effect is due to the mutual orientation of the Au squares array and the incident light propagation direction; the large magnitude of CCD due to the large difference between left-to-left and right-to-right circularly polarized reflectance conversion efficiencies.
Results of a Multicenter Phase II Study of Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab for Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma With Variant Histology and/or Sarcomatoid Features (2019)

In this study, atezolizumab and bevacizumab demonstrated safety and resulted in objective responses in patients with variant histology RCC or RCC with ≥ 20% sarcomatoid differentiation. This regimen warrants additional exploration in patients with rare RCC, particularly those with PD-L1-positive tumors.
Statistical Decisions Using Likelihood Information Without Prior Probabilities (2012)

This paper presents a decision-theoretic approach to statistical inference that satisfies the likelihood principle (LP) without using prior information. Unlike the Bayesian approach, which also satisfies LP, we do not assume knowledge of the prior distribution of the unknown parameter. With respect to information that can be obtained from an experiment, our solution is more efficient than Wald's minimax solution.However, with respect to information assumed to be known before the experiment, our solution demands less input than the Bayesian solution.
Facilities Planning with Graph Theory (1970)

Basic concepts of Graph Theory are discussed which are relevant to solving problems of locating economic activities within a service or manufacturing facility. The location problem is formulated in terms of Graph Theory knowledge and a solution procedure proposed. An example is provided and finally boundary conditions are elaborated.
cis-Mo(CO)4{Ph2P(CH2CH2O)nCH2CH2PPh2} (n = 3-5) metallacrown ethers. X-ray crystal structure of cis-Mo(CO)4{Ph2P(CH2CH2O)3CH2CH2PPh2} (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTcis-Mo(CO)4{Ph2P(CH2CH2O)nCH2CH2PPh2} (n = 3-5) metallacrown ethers. X-ray crystal structure of cis-Mo(CO)4{Ph2P(CH2CH2O)3CH2CH2PPh2}Ashima Varshney and Gary M. GrayCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 8, 1748–1754Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00008a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00008a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views159Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Methane–oxygen electrochemical coupling in an ionic liquid: a robust sensor for simultaneous quantification (2014)

Current sensor devices for the detection of methane or natural gas emission are either expensive and have high power requirements or fail to provide a rapid response. This report describes an electrochemical methane sensor utilizing a non-volatile and conductive pyrrolidinium-based ionic liquid (IL) electrolyte and an innovative internal standard method for methane and oxygen dual-gas detection with high sensitivity, selectivity, and stability. At a platinum electrode in bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (NTf2)-based ILs, methane is electro-oxidized to produce CO2 and water when an oxygen reduction process is included. The in situ generated CO2 arising from methane oxidation was shown to provide an excellent internal standard for quantification of the electrochemical oxygen sensor signal. The simultaneous quantification of both methane and oxygen in real time strengthens the reliability of the measurements by cross-validation of two ambient gases occurring within a single sample matrix and allows for the elimination of several types of random and systematic errors in the detection. We have also validated this IL-based methane sensor employing both conventional solid macroelectrodes and flexible microfabricated electrodes using single- and double-potential step chronoamperometry.
A fault detection mechanism in Erasure-code Byzantine Fault-tolerance Quorum (2006)

Fault-tolerance is increasingly significant for large-scale storage systems in which Byzantine failure of storage nodes may happen. Traditional Byzantine Quorum systems that tolerate Byzantine failures by using replication have two main limitations: low space-efficiency and static quorum variables. We propose an Erasure-code Byzantine Fault-tolerance Quorum that can provide high reliability with far lower storage overhead than replication by adopting erasure code as redundancy scheme. Through read/write operations of clients and diagnose operation of supervisor, our Quorum system can detect Byzantine nodes, and dynamically adjust system size and fault threshold. Simulation results show that our method improves performance for the Quorum with relatively small quorums.
A Physical Map of the <i>Escherichia coli</i> K12 Genome (1987)

A physical map of a genome is the structure of its DNA. Construction of such a map is a first step in the complete characterization of that DNA. The restriction endonuclease Not I cuts the genome of Escherichia coli K12 into 22 DNA fragments ranging from 20 kilobases (20,000 base pairs) to 1000 kilobases. These can be separated by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. The order of the fragments in the genome was determined from available E. coli genetic information and analysis of partial digest patterns. The resulting ordered set of fragments is a macrorestriction map. This map facilitates genetic and molecular studies on E. coli, and its construction serves as a model for further endeavors on larger genomes.