gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neutrophil impairment associated with iron therapy in hemodialysis patients with functional iron deficiency. (1998)

Hemodialysis patients treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) need adequate iron supplementation to avoid rhEPO hyporesponsiveness due to iron deficiency. Low serum ferritin reflects absolute iron deficiency, whereas normal or high ferritin values in combination with low transferrin saturation (< 20%) indicate functional iron deficiency. In this study, healthy subjects (group I) were compared with intravenous (i.v.) rhEPO-treated and i.v. iron-saccharate-treated regular hemodialysis patients that were subdivided into three groups as follows: patients with serum ferritin > 100 and < 350 micrograms/L (group II), patients with ferritin < 60 micrograms/L (group III), and patients with ferritin > 650 micrograms/L but transferrin saturation < 20% (group IV). Polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) parameters (phagocytosis, intracellular killing of bacteria, oxidative metabolism, glucose uptake, intracellular calcium) for each group were compared with those of multitransfused, iron-overloaded primary hematologic patients (group V) and those of patients suffering from hereditary hemochromatosis (group VI). Compared with PMNL obtained from healthy subjects (group I), group II hemodialysis patients showed mild inhibition of phagocytosis but significant inhibition of intracellular killing of bacteria. Oxidative burst of PMNL from group II patients was also significantly reduced after stimulation in vitro. These dysfunctions were not affected by absolute iron deficiency (comparable data in group III patients). However, impairment of PMNL was markedly aggravated in group IV patients. Intracellular calcium concentration under basal conditions and after stimulation was not different. These data suggest that iron is responsible for the PMNL dysfunctions observed in group IV patients. The PMNL defect of group IV patients was comparable to group V and group VI patients with normal renal function, suggesting again a direct inhibitory effect of iron. It is concluded that hemodialysis patients with high ferritin but low serum iron and low transferrin saturation ("functional iron deficiency") display a significant impairment of fundamental PMNL functions during i.v. iron and rhEPO therapy. This may result in increased risk of infectious complications. Therefore, overtreatment of hemodialysis patients with i.v. iron should be avoided.
Power-Line Interference Detection and Suppression in ECG Signal Processing (2007)

A novel power-line interference (PLI) detection and suppression algorithm is presented to preprocess the electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. A distinct feature of this proposed algorithm is its ability to detect the presence of PLI in the ECG signal before applying the PLI suppression algorithm. No PLI suppression operation will be performed if PLI is not detected. We propose a PLI detector that employs an optimal linear discriminant analysis (LDA) algorithm to make a decision for the PLI presence. An efficient recursive least-squares (RLS) adaptive notch filter is also developed to serve the purpose of PLI suppression. Experimental results demonstrate superior performance of this proposed algorithm.
Characterization and Phylogenetic Significance of a Repetitive DNA Sequence from Whooping Cranes (Grus americana) (1992)

We surveyed a Whooping Crane (Grus americana) genomic library enriched for repetitive clones, and isolated a clone whose insert hybridized stringently to a repeated-DNA family in the genomes of Whooping Cranes, but not Sandhill Cranes (G. canadensis). This tandem sequence, repeated approximately 500 times in the Whooping Crane genome, displays taxon-specific properties suggesting that the Common Crane (G. grus) is the Whooping Crane's nearest living relative. Low-stringency hybridizations with this repeat produced conserved patterns in all cranes except crowned-cranes (Balearica), which indicates an early divergence of the crowned-cranes and the remaining cranes. Sequence and DNA-hybridization analyses imply that this repeat is a satellite sequence of similar complexity and organization to the primate alphoid DNA-sequence family, which also has chromosome and species specificity.
Attention is not not Explanation (2019)

Sarah Wiegreffe, Yuval Pinter. Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-IJCNLP). 2019.
Endothelial dysfunction and subendothelial monocyte macrophages in hypertension. Effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition. (1991)

Hypertension is associated with an impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation. The angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors captopril and cilazapril can prevent this endothelial dysfunction. We recently observed that long-term treatment with cilazapril could also prevent subendothelial infiltration by mononuclear cells in spontaneously hypertensive rats. This prompted us to examine whether, in spontaneously hypertensive rats, endothelial dysfunction and subendothelial infiltration by mononuclear cells are associated. These cells were characterized as monocyte macrophages. Infiltration by monocyte macrophages was quantified by morphometry. Endothelial function was estimated by calculating serotonin ratio (maximal contraction to serotonin on isolated arterial rings with endothelium over maximal contraction on paired rings without endothelium). The regional distribution of endothelial dysfunction and subendothelial monocyte macrophages was similar. Both were maximal in the carotid artery, less in the aorta, and nonexistent in the renal artery. A 2-week treatment with cilazapril decreased both endothelial dysfunction (serotonin ratio decreased by 32%) and the number of subendothelial monocyte macrophages in the aorta, which decreased by 38%. We conclude that in spontaneously hypertensive rats, endothelial dysfunction and subendothelial monocyte macrophage infiltration are associated and that cilazapril can decrease both. The observation that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors affect subendothelial accumulation of monocyte macrophage may lead to a better understanding of the mechanism of action of this class of drugs.
Neck localization and geometry quantification of intracranial aneurysms (2010)

We present an approach for accurate localization of the neck of intracranial aneurysms and quantification of their geometry that is useful for their treatment through endovascular embolization. In particular, we first obtain a vessel segmentation using a topology-preserving level set method and extract the surface of the segmented vessel. We then separate the aneurysm from the parent vessels and localize its neck by formulating the aneurysm segmentation problem as an s-t minimum cut problem. Finally, we estimate clinically relevant geometric parameters of the aneurysm. The results indicate that there is good agreement between the measurements obtained by the proposed approach and two independent manual sets of measurements obtained by two experienced interventional neuroradiologists.
Extensive DNA-binding specificity divergence of a conserved transcription regulator (2011)

The DNA sequence recognized by a transcription regulator can be conserved across large evolutionary distances. For example, it is known that many homologous regulators in yeasts and mammals can recognize the same (or closely related) DNA sequences. In contrast to this paradigm, we describe a case in which the DNA-binding specificity of a transcription regulator has changed so extensively (and over a much smaller evolutionary distance) that its cis-regulatory sequence appears unrelated in different species. Bioinformatic, genetic, and biochemical approaches were used to document and analyze a major change in the DNA-binding specificity of Matα1, a regulator of cell-type specification in ascomycete fungi. Despite this change, Matα1 controls the same core set of genes in the hemiascomycetes because its DNA recognition site has evolved with it, preserving the protein-DNA interaction but significantly changing its molecular details. Matα1 and its recognition sequence diverged most dramatically in the common ancestor of the CTG-clade (Candida albicans, Candida lusitaniae, and related species), apparently without the aid of a gene duplication event. Our findings suggest that DNA-binding specificity divergence between orthologous transcription regulators may be more prevalent than previously thought and that seemingly unrelated cis-regulatory sequences can nonetheless be homologous. These findings have important implications for understanding transcriptional network evolution and for the bioinformatic analysis of regulatory circuits.
Autoantibodies in Type-2 Diabetes having Neurovascular Complications Bind to the Second Extracellular Loop of the 5-Hydroxytryptamine 2A Receptor (2019)

Patient 2: A 72 -year-old man with twenty-year history of type 2 diabetes, discoid lupus erythematosus, and adult onset retinitis pigmentosa who had also suffered with a central retinal artery occlusion.
Elastic Inflatable Actuators for Soft Robotic Applications (2017)

The 20th century's robotic systems have been made from stiff materials, and much of the developments have pursued ever more accurate and dynamic robots, which thrive in industrial automation, and will probably continue to do so for decades to come. However, the 21st century's robotic legacy may very well become that of soft robots. This emerging domain is characterized by continuous soft structures that simultaneously fulfill the role of robotic link and actuator, where prime focus is on design and fabrication of robotic hardware instead of software control. These robots are anticipated to take a prominent role in delicate tasks where classic robots fail, such as in minimally invasive surgery, active prosthetics, and automation tasks involving delicate irregular objects. Central to the development of these robots is the fabrication of soft actuators. This article reviews a particularly attractive type of soft actuators that are driven by pressurized fluids. These actuators have recently gained traction on the one hand due to the technology push from better simulation tools and new manufacturing technologies, and on the other hand by a market pull from applications. This paper provides an overview of the different advanced soft actuator configurations, their design, fabrication, and applications.
Computational Geometry and Computer Graphics in C (1995)

This book provides an accessible introduction to methods in computational geometry and computer graphics. It emphasizes the efficient object-oriented implemenation of geometric methods with useable C++ code for all methods discussed.
11‐2: Technology Developments in High‐Resolution FMM‐free OLED and BEOL IGZO TFTs for Power‐Efficient Microdisplays (2021)

Resolution, power efficiency, and brightness are crucial features in microdisplays for upcoming VR and AR applications. This presentation shows our work towards a high‐resolution direct RGB microdisplay. An IGZO TFTs with a top gate length of 80 nm is realized with 300mm facilities for high‐resolution backplane developments. For the development of high‐resolution OLED enabled by photolithographic patterning, we investigate an excess driving voltage in photolithographic patterned OLEDs caused by contaminants at the organic semiconductor interface. With necessary mitigation, we reduce the excess driving voltage and observe no significant lifetime change after multiple photolithographic patterning steps.
Adaptive FEC-Based Error Control for Interactive Audio in the Internet (1998)

Excessive packet loss rates can dramatically decrease the audio quality perceived by users of Internet telephony applications. Recent results suggest that error control schemes using forward error correction (FEC) are good candidates for decreasing the impact of packet loss on audio quality. With FEC schemes, redundant information is transmitted along with the original information so that the lost original data can be recovered at least in part from the redundant information. Clearly, sending additional redundancy increases the probability of recovering lost packets, but it also increases the bandwidth requirements and thus the loss rate of the audio stream. This means that the FEC scheme must be coupled to a rate control scheme. Furthermore, the amount of redundant information used at any given point in time should also depend on the characteristics of the loss process at that time (it would make no sense to send much redundant information when the channel is loss free), on the end to end delay constraints (destination typically have to wait longer to decode the FEC as more FEC information is used), on the quality of the redundant information, etc. However, it is not clear how to choose the âbestâ possible redundant information given all the constraints mentioned above. We address this issue in the paper, and illustrate our approach using a FEC scheme for packet audio recently standardized in the IETF. We find that the problem best redundant information can be expressed mathematically as a constrained optimization problem for which we give explicit solutions. We obtain from these solutions a simple algorithm with very interesting features: i) it optimizes a subjective measure of quality (such as the perceived audio quality at a destination) as opposed to a non subjective measure (such as the packet loss rate at a destination), ii) it incorporates the constraints of rate control and playout delay adjustment schemes, and iii) it adapts to varying (and estimated on line with RTCP) loss conditions in the network. We have been using the algorithm, together with a TCP-friendly rate control scheme, for a few months now and we have found it to provide very good audio quality even with high and varying loss rates. We present simulation and experimental results to illustrate its performance.
Histones, DNA, and Citrullination Promote Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Inflammation by Regulating the Localization and Activation of TLR4 (2020)

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) promote atherosclerosis by inducing proinflammatory cytokines, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. NET DNA is immunogenic, but given the cytotoxicity of NET histones, it is unclear how it activates cells without killing them. Here, we show that histones, DNA, citrullination, and fragmentation synergize to drive inflammation below the histone cytotoxicity threshold. At low concentrations, nucleosomes induce cytokines, but high concentrations kill cells before cytokines are produced. The synergy between histones and DNA is critical for sub-lethal signaling and relies on distinct roles for histones and DNA. Histones bind and activate TLR4, whereas DNA recruits TLR4 to histone-containing endosomes. Citrullination is dispensable for NETosis but potentiates histone-mediated signaling. Consistently, chromatin blockade or PAD4 deficiency reduces atherosclerosis. Inflammation is also reduced in infected mice expressing GFP-tagged histones that block TLR4 binding. Thus, chromatin promotes inflammation in sterile disease and infection via synergistic mechanisms that use signals with distinct functions.
Automatic detection and correction of red-eye effect (2009)

In this paper, we address the problem of automatic red-eye detection and correction. A four step, novel approach is presented where the first step consists of face detection in the input image. In the second step the face image is converted to gray-scale image in such a way that facilitates the detection of iris pair and its corresponding radius values. In third and fourth steps iris pair is located, and the central points of irises and their corresponding radius values are utilized to desaturate the redness inside iris regions. The desaturation scheme is adaptive to the severity of redness. Images with different severity level and size of redness are used to test the robustness of the proposed scheme. We also compare our correction schemes with two existing automatic methods.
THE EFFECTS OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON EXPOSURE ON THE FERTILIZATION AND LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE PACIFIC OYSTER, CRASSOSTREA GIGAS (2005)

To investigate the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) effect on fertilization of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, we exposed the adult brood stocks to PAHs (200 ppb) for 30 days as the treated (E group) with a nonexposed group as the control (C group). In addition, each subset of the gametes from both groups was further exposed to graded level of PAHs (0, 50, 100, and 200 ppb). Motile sperm and linearity were significantly affected by parental exposure, whereas straight line velocity (VSL) and curvilinear velocity (VCL) were affected by both of parental and larval exposure to PAHs. Fertilization and larval development were also affected by parental exposure. Our result suggests that fertilization capability and larval development are adversely affected by parental exposure whereas sperm movement was more vulnerable to larval exposure. In the brood stock contaminated by PAHs, larval development was also vulnerable to larval exposure to PAHs.
Room temperature bonding of silicon and lithium niobate (2006)

The feasibility of wafer-level bonding was examined for silicon (Si)/lithium niobate (LiNbO3) wafers by using a modified surface activated bonding process at room temperature. A low energy argon ion source of 80eV energy with 3A current was used, which was capable of sputter cleaning and depositing Fe nanolayers on the surfaces. Visual inspection showed that almost all of the 4in. Si∕LiNbO3 wafers were bonded. The measured bond strengths were as high as 37MPa but were inhomogeneous. This is due to the lack of uniform application of force over the surfaces (which are not parallel to the jigs) and the pulling angles during the pulling test. A 5nm thick amorphous layer was observed across the Si∕LiNbO3 interface. Electron energy loss spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of Fe in the interfacial amorphous layer. This Fe-containing interfacial layer appears to be responsible for the high bonding strength observed between Si∕LiNbO3 at room temperature.
迪特尔·拉姆斯：我们这个世界的塑造者 (2010)

迪特尔·拉姆斯的房子位于法兰克福城外的克龙贝格，非常非常整洁。地板是由冷色调的白瓷砖铺成的大方格，屋内的一应陈设也都遵循着这一格调。长方形的桌子和搁架摆放得整齐有致，桌上的文件与桌边线保持一致，压纸器也规整地放在整摞纸上，只有一个圆形大酒杯作为偶尔可见的陪衬物，打破了棱角分明、绝不含糊的整体氛围。在地下室的工作间，所有的工具排列整齐，如军事标准般精确到不差分毫。
PHOENIX: a building block for fault tolerant broadband packet switches (2002)

The authors describe PHOENIX, a self-routing, crosspoint buffered 2*2 VLSI switching element being developed for fault-tolerant, flexible broadband packet switching at 150 Mbit/s. A variety of architectures of different sizes can be implemented using this chip as a building block. PHOENIX employs self-checking logic for concurrent error detection. An error indication can be used either to trigger adaptive routing or to switch in a standby fabric. Alternative routing can be used for tolerating faults without having the packets arrive out of order. PHOENIX is ideally suited for implementing multistage interconnection networks. One particular variation of the banyan network, called the MD-Omega network, which employs both space and time redundancy for fault tolerance, is described in some detail. Blocking in PHOENIX based switches is reduced by a combination of crosspoint buffering and internal speedup. An ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) switched based on the MD-Omega network gives reasonable performance under uniform and bursty traffic.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
High‐precision iRT prediction in the targeted analysis of data‐independent acquisition and its impact on identification and quantitation (2016)

Targeted analysis of data-independent acquisition (DIA) data is a powerful mass spectrometric approach for comprehensive, reproducible and precise proteome quantitation. It requires a spectral library, which contains for all considered peptide precursor ions empirically determined fragment ion intensities and their predicted retention time (RT). RTs, however, are not comparable on an absolute scale, especially if heterogeneous measurements are combined. Here, we present a method for high-precision prediction of RT, which significantly improves the quality of targeted DIA analysis compared to in silico RT prediction and the state of the art indexed retention time (iRT) normalization approach. We describe a high-precision normalized RT algorithm, which is implemented in the Spectronaut software. We, furthermore, investigate the influence of nine different experimental factors, such as chromatographic mobile and stationary phase, on iRT precision. In summary, we show that using targeted analysis of DIA data with high-precision iRT significantly increases sensitivity and data quality. The iRT values are generally transferable across a wide range of experimental conditions. Best results, however, are achieved if library generation and analytical measurements are performed on the same system.
Reporte inicial de las investigaciones arqueológicas en el tercer claustro del antiguo convento de Santa Clara de Asís (2010)

Resumen Este trabajo propone una nueva lectura del tercer claustro del edificio del antiguo convento de Santa Clara de Asis de la Habana Vieja, sede del Centro Nacional de Conservacion, Restauracion y Museologia (CENCREM). Los antecedentes de los que se parte criticamente son la importante investigacion publicada por el historiador Pedro Herrera (2006), asi como los reportes de las investigaciones arqueologicas llevadas a cabo en las areas del edificio durante unos cincuenta anos. Durante los ultimos cinco anos las investigaciones fundamentales realizadas por el grupo de arqueologia del CENCREM en lo tocante al proyecto investigativo general del convento han estado dedicadas a las instalaciones hidraulicas del primer claustro y a los cambios constructivos del tercer claustro. Como consecuencia de las investigaciones en el tercer claustro se ha identificado una capilla no reportada en la bibliografia o en fuentes documentales. Palabras clave: Arqueologia, Convento, Capilla, Transformaciones. Abstract This paper proposes a new vision of the history of the building of the ancient convent of Saint Claire of Assisi in Habana Vieja, seat of the National Center for Conservation, Restoration and Museology (CENCREM). Even when we count on the book about the history of the convent and the religious order written by Pedro Herrera (2006) and the reports of archeological excavations that took place between 1959 and 2000, is the foundation of the Group of archeology of CENCREM in 2000 the beginning of projects aim to the understanding of the construction periods and changes of the building among other objectives. The information obtained until the present moment has enhanced the knowledge about the history of the building in a more accurate way than historiography alone could. This paper deals with the identification process of an unknown chapel in the third cloister of the building. Key words: Archaeology, Convent, Chapel, Transformations.
The Phylogenetic Analysis and Identification of Sorghum halepense and Related Species Based on the Chi-B Partial Sequence (2008)

Chi-B partial sequences of Sorghum halepense and its relatives were amplified with primer D16/D18 derived from Chi-B of the Sorghum genus. The results showed that the length varied from 567 bp to 607 bp, while phylogenetic relationship analysis by "DNASTAR" software showed that all materials were separated into three sections. The first section included S. halepense, S. almum and S. silk with a similarity of 96.9~100%, the S. bicolor, S. propinquum and S. arumdinaceum species were in sections of two with 93.0~95.3% similarity, the genetic distance between S. nitidum and the others was longer than in the case of the others, with a similarity of 69.0~71.0%. With accession-special primer D51/D55, S. halepense and S. almum could be identified by PCR.