gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Accessing a Relational Database through an Object-Oriented Database Interface (1995)

Object-oriented database systems (ODBs) are designed for use in applications characterized by complex data models, clean integration with the host programming language, and a need for extremely fast creation, traversal, and update of networks of objects. These applications are typically written in C or C++, and the problem of how to store the networks of objects, and update them atomically has been difficult in practice. Relational database systems (RDBs) tend to be a poor fit for these applications because they are designed for applications with different performance requirements. ODBs are designed to meet these requirements and have proven more successful in pioviding”persistence for applications such as ECAD and MCAD.’ Interest in ODBs has-spread be$ond the CAD communities, to areas such as finance and telecommunications. These applications have many similarities to CAD applications. For example, in financial applications, the data structures describing a mutual fund’s portfolio can be quite complex, applications are written in C or C++, and fast traversal of the data structures is important. These application areas often have an additional requirement- the need to make use of “legacy ” data stored in relational database systems (RDBs). For years, the developers of these applications have worked in non-object-oriented languages; and have had to deal with the problem of turning tuple streams into the complex data structures manipulated by their applications. Now, the developers who have started using object-oriented languages and database systems would like to continue the transition by insulating themselves from the relational model and SQL. Permission to copy without fee all or part of thiu material is granted provided that the copies are not made or distributed for direct com-mercial advantage, the VLDB copyright notice and the title of the publication and its date appear, and notice is given that ‘copying is by permission of the Very Large Data Bsse Endowment. To copy otherwise, or to republish, requires a fee and/or special permission from the Endowment.
A Systematic Review of Adverse Effects Associated with Topical Treatments for Psoriasis (2003)

Mild to moderate psoriasis is a disease that can often be treated with topical medications. The diversity of topical therapies and their disparate side effects complicates treatment planning. Our purpose is to compare the rates of adverse events associated with different topical psoriasis treatments. A review of medical literature from 1996 to March, 2002 was conducted using guidelines set by QUORUM statement criteria. In monotherapy studies, corticosteriods caused fewer adverse reactions compared to vitamin D analogues and tazarotene. In combination studies adverse event rates were higher than in monotherapy studies, except for the combination of topical steroid and calcipotriene which decreased irritation. Irritant contact dermatitis was the main side effect with vitamin D analogues, tazarotene, dithranol or coal tar, while side effects of topical corticosteriods included headache, viral infection and skin atrophy. Topical agents for psoriasis are usually well-tolerated without severe side effects. Formulating a patient's medication regimen should take into account the needs for short-term management and long-term control of psoriasis. Since clearance is not a realistic expectation, reasonable goals should be set as excessive use of topical treatments may increase the risk of both cutaneous and systemic side effects.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Some Bile Acid-Based Camptothecin Analogues (2014)

In an effort to decrease the toxicity of camptothecin (CPT) and improve selectivity for hepatoma and colon cancer cells, bile acid groups were introduced into the CPT 20 or 10 positions, resulting in the preparation of sixteen novel CPT-bile acid analogues. The compounds in which a bile acid group was introduced at the 20-hydroxyl group of CPT showed better cytotoxic selectivity for human hepatoma and colon cancer cells than for human breast cancer cells. Fluorescence microscopy analysis demonstrated that one compound (E2) entered human hepatoma cells more effectively than it did human breast cancer cells. Compound G4 exhibited the best anti-tumour activity in vivo. These results suggested that introduction of a bile acid group at the 20-position of CPT could decrease toxicity in vivo and improve selectivity for hepatoma cells.
The prediction of the chance of selling of houses as the factor of financial stability (2016)

This paper has devoted to the estimating of the selling chance of houses in market. It is a clear that housing market is a very important for the financial stability. The database of our approach consist of the price of the houses and their quality indicators as the repair level, distance from the city centre, projects of the building, the place of the flat in a building and so on. In the base of this database, we calculated G score and found that if the computed G value is equal to 0.39 and greater than that one it is classified as the high chance of selling the house, but in the case of being less than 0.39 it is classified as none selling chance. We hope that this calculation can be useful for the banks. Because, they always face the question about what is a probability of selling of houses encumbered under loan agreement in banks. So, banks are able to estimate the probability of the realization of mortgaged houses.
Inactivation of ribonuclease inhibitor by thiol-disulfide exchange. (1992)

Porcine ribonuclease inhibitor (RI) contains 30 1/2-cystinyl residues, all of which occur in the reduced form. Reaction of the native protein with 5,5'-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) resulted in the release of 30 mol of the product 5-mercapto-2-nitrobenzoate, and the loss of the RNase inhibitory activity. A linear relationship between the degree of modification and inactivation was observed. The rate of modification was greatly increased in the presence of 6 M guanidinium HCl. Reaction with substoichiometric amounts of 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) was found to yield a mixture of fully reduced active molecules, and fully oxidized inactive ones, but no partially oxidized forms were detected. This suggests that an "all-or-none" type of modification and inactivation took place. All 1/2-cystinyl residues in the inactive, monomeric inhibitor had formed disulfide bridges, judged by the absence of either free thiol groups or mixed disulfides with 5-mercapto-2-nitrobenzoate. This fully disulfide-cross-linked molecule had an open conformation compared to the native one, as shown by gel filtration and limited proteolysis. Reaction of phenylarsinoxide with vicinal dithiols yields products that are much more stable than those with monothiols. Titration of RI with this reagent yielded complete inactivation at a reagent/thiol ratio of 0.5. Taken together, these observations suggest that the thiol groups in RI have a diminished reactivity due to three-dimensional constraints. After the initial modification of a small number of thiol groups, a conformational change occurs which causes an increase in reactivity of the remaining thiols. The thiol groups are situated close enough together to permit the formation of 15 disulfide bridges in the inactive molecule.
The use of differential GPS in field data extraction and spatially variable fertilizer application (2005)

Practical feasibility tests on the use of differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) in the agricultural environment for field data extraction, and, spatially variable (SV) fertilizer application control, were carried out. Using DGPS, soil sample maps were generated and the data interpolated to the required resolution using the Kriging interpolation technique. It was shown how the generation of semivariogram plots (for Kriging) could be used for the extraction of soil data, and could assist in determining the effectiveness of SV control in the correction of certain nutrient levels. Yield maps were also generated and various processing considerations were outlined for this purpose. High degrees of variation were seen to exist in areas originally considered to be fairly homogeneous in nature. Even when other physical effects (such as the hydrography of the field) were considered, the variations that exist are a strong motivation for the need for SV agricultural practice.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Industrial Uses Of Fiber Optic Sensors (1987)

The uses of fiber optic sensor technology in the process control and aerospace industries are discussed. The operating principles of a number of commercially available fiber optic sensors are analyzed and present application areas are identified. The current state of fiber optic sensor technology is defined and used to predict the critical areas upon which future developments depend. Finally, fiber optic sensor development for aerospace application at Simmonds Precision is covered briefly.
Multivariate statistical analysis in fMRI (2006)

The paper briefly discussed different statistical analysis in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Multivariate regression analysis with multiple comparisons corrections allows the determination of activated voxels that can then be grouped into regions of interest (ROIs). Principal component analysis (PCA) is useful in extracting common temporal response features of an ROI as well as differentiating the temporal response of groups of commonly responding ROI. It can also be used to examine differences in the temporal response of subgroups of subjects in the study. Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a technique that requires a priori knowledge of the connections and their direction between ROIs. It is particularly useful in identifying changes in connectivity that result from different interventions or different classes of patients.
Endotheliitis bei COVID-19 (2020)

COVID-19 disease is a systemic inflammatory viral reaction starting with the viral phase followed by the inflammatory phase. The first phase is rather mild and asymptomatic with only a small subset of infected patients turning into the inflammatory phase with high mortality. Patients with pre-existing cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular risk factors pose a considerably higher risk to develop severe or lethal COVID-19 disease course. COVID-19 affects not only the epithelial cells of the lung parenchyma via ACE2, but also endothelial cells across the whole body thus leading to generalized endothelial damage and inflammation, so-called endotheliitis. The histological morphology of endotheliitis comprises the accumulation of lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages beneath the endothelial cells and within the perivascular spaces. Endothelial cells play an important role in the regulation of vascular tone and the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. Endotheliitis thus can shift the vascular equilibrium towards more pronounced vasoconstriction with subsequent organ ischemia, inflammation with associated tissue edema and a procoagulant state. Patients with pre-existing endothelial dysfunction (male sex, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and established cardiovascular disease) are particularly vulnerable and have adverse outcomes in COVID-19. This is a rationale for approaches to stabilize the endothelium. Most of these findings have been established from autopsies since the outbreak of the pandemic.
Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Eleven Common Cell Lines Reveals Ubiquitous but Varying Expression of Most Proteins (2012)

Deep proteomic analysis of mammalian cell lines would yield an inventory of the building blocks of the most commonly used systems in biological research. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics can identify and quantify proteins in a global and unbiased manner and can highlight the cellular processes that are altered between such systems. We analyzed 11 human cell lines using an LTQ-Orbitrap family mass spectrometer with a "high field" Orbitrap mass analyzer with improved resolution and sequencing speed. We identified a total of 11,731 proteins, and on average 10,361 ± 120 proteins in each cell line. This very high proteome coverage enabled analysis of a broad range of processes and functions. Despite the distinct origins of the cell lines, our quantitative results showed surprisingly high similarity in terms of expressed proteins. Nevertheless, this global similarity of the proteomes did not imply equal expression levels of individual proteins across the 11 cell lines, as we found significant differences in expression levels for an estimated two-third of them. The variability in cellular expression levels was similar for low and high abundance proteins, and even many of the most highly expressed proteins with household roles showed significant differences between cells. Metabolic pathways, which have high redundancy, exhibited variable expression, whereas basic cellular functions such as the basal transcription machinery varied much less. We harness knowledge of these cell line proteomes for the construction of a broad coverage "super-SILAC" quantification standard. Together with the accompanying paper (Schaab, C. MCP 2012, PMID: 22301388) (17) these data can be used to obtain reference expression profiles for proteins of interest both within and across cell line proteomes.
Distribution of aflatoxins in various fractions separated from raw peanuts and defatted peanut meal (1975)

Abstract The present investigation is the first definitive study of the distribution of aflatoxins in a wet‐milling process of raw peanuts. The results show that the majority of the aflatoxins originally present in the peanuts remained in the solid fractions, particularly the protein fraction, during wet‐milling. In the protein concentrate preparation, the concentrates carried 81–89% of the total toxin; crude oil, 5–8%; and whey fraction, 3–14%. In the case of protein isolate preparation, 51–56% of the total toxin remained with the isolates, 22–26% with the residue, 11–17% with the whey, and 7–8% with the crude oil. Distribution of aflatoxins in the preparation of protein isolates from defatted peanut meal showed that 55–65% of the total toxin originally present in the meal remained with the protein isolates, 20–28% with the residue, and 10–20% with the whey fraction. Changes in extraction pHs for the preparation of protein isolates either from raw peanuts or defatted meal did not alter the distribution pattern mentioned above. A new approach based upon charge‐transfer (electron acceptor‐donor) complex formation is suggested to shift this aflatoxin distribution from protein products to disposable whey or residue fraction during the processing of raw peanuts and defatted meal for protein products.
CleanML: A Study for Evaluating the Impact of Data Cleaning on ML Classification Tasks (2021)

Data quality affects machine learning (ML) model performances, and data scientists spend considerable amount of time on data cleaning before model training. However, to date, there does not exist a rigorous study on how exactly cleaning affects ML - ML community usually focuses on developing ML algorithms that are robust to some particular noise types of certain distributions, while database (DB) community has been mostly studying the problem of data cleaning alone without considering how data is consumed by downstream ML analytics.We propose a CleanML study that systematically investigates the impact of data cleaning on ML classification tasks. The open-source and extensible CleanML study currently includes 14 real-world datasets with real errors, five common error types, seven different ML models, and multiple cleaning algorithms for each error type (including both commonly used algorithms in practice as well as state-of-the-art solutions in academic literature). We control the randomness in ML experiments using statistical hypothesis testing, and we also control false discovery rate in our experiments using the Benjamini-Yekutieli (BY) procedure. We analyze the results in a systematic way to derive many interesting and nontrivial observations. We also put forward multiple research directions for researchers.
Parallel Shortest Path Algorithms for Solving Large-Scale Instances. (2020)

Abstract not provided.
Kriegers flak‐combined grid solution: coordinated cross‐border control of a meshed HVAC/HVDC offshore wind power grid (2018)

The Kriegers Flak combined grid solution (KF CGS) will interconnect the eastern synchronous area of Denmark and Germany by extending the existing high‐voltage alternating current (HVAC) offshore wind farm infrastructure in the Baltic Sea. In contrast to conventional point‐to‐point interconnectors, the extension creates a meshed submarine grid (MSG) which includes an interconnector and wind farm collectors to the countries using the same equipment. Denmark East as part of the Nordic system and 50 Hertz as part of the synchronous Continental European grid are asynchronous to each other, which makes a frequency transformation necessary. The interconnection will be realised by a high‐voltage direct current (HVDC) back‐to‐back (BtB) converter in voltage source converter technology located at the German end of the interconnector. The BtB and the entire HVAC MSG between Denmark and Germany will be controlled by a so‐called master controller for interconnector operation (MIO). The KF CGS will integrate offshore wind power generation, increase the security of supply and enhance integration of regionally produced renewable energy. This study describes the overall infrastructure of the KF CGS and the MIO functions. A model‐based evaluation of those shows the behaviour of the HVAC/HVDC MSG in normal operation and in the case of contingencies.
Camera Lens Super-Resolution (2019)

Existing methods for single image super-resolution (SR) are typically evaluated with synthetic degradation models such as bicubic or Gaussian downsampling. In this paper, we investigate SR from the perspective of camera lenses, named as CameraSR, which aims to alleviate the intrinsic tradeoff between resolution (R) and field-of-view (V) in realistic imaging systems. Specifically, we view the R-V degradation as a latent model in the SR process and learn to reverse it with realistic low- and high-resolution image pairs. To obtain the paired images, we propose two novel data acquisition strategies for two representative imaging systems (i.e., DSLR and smartphone cameras), respectively. Based on the obtained City100 dataset, we quantitatively analyze the performance of commonly-used synthetic degradation models, and demonstrate the superiority of CameraSR as a practical solution to boost the performance of existing SR methods. Moreover, CameraSR can be readily generalized to different content and devices, which serves as an advanced digital zoom tool in realistic imaging systems.
In vivo interaction of pulmonary intravascular macrophages with activated platelets in microvessels of equine lung after multiple exposures to halothane, isoflurane, and thiamylal: A comparative ultrastructural and cytochemical study (2005)

The pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIMs) of equines contain a unique electron-dense surface coat that is predominantly composed of lipoproteins. A single exposure of inhalatory halothane causes mobilization of the surface coat into the endocytotic system of the PIMs, followed by expansion of the Golgi apparatus and its enrichment with acid phosphatase. Simultaneously, the cells of the lymphocytic series show hyperplasia in the form of mitotic changes inside the microvascular compartment of the lung. Halothane is known to cause acute and chronic hepatotoxicity because of its biotransformation into trifluoroacytelated polypeptides. The present study was designed to examine the comparative effects of reexposures of inhalatory doses of halothane, isoflurane, and the intravenous barbiturate thiamylal sodium in ponies to evoke a stronger response in the PIMs after four exposures at increasing intervals of 1, 2, and 6 weeks. Ultrastructural and cytochemical evidence is presented that halothane induced translocation of the surface coat into the vacuolar system of the PIMs, followed by expansion of the Golgi apparatus and its enrichment with acid phosphatase. The cell membrane was thrown into extraordinary lamellipodial extensions, which enabled the PIMs to interact with platelets within the narrow confines of the pulmonary capillaries. The relationship between PIMs and platelets developed into large platelet aggregates. Isoflurane and thiamylal sodium did not affect the circulating platelets, although the surface coat was translocated into the endolysosomes in both situations. Although isoflurane is a lipid-soluble inhalant anesthetic similar to halothane, it is subject to very little biotransformation after use and in the present model demonstrates no immune response.
Synthesis and thermomechanical property study of Novolac phenol-hydroxymethyl furfural (PHMF) resin (2014)

A formaldehyde-free phenolic resin – phenol-hydroxymethylfurfural (PHMF) resin was synthesized for the first time using HMF <italic>in situ</italic> derived from glucose.
Recommended diagnostic criteria for paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (2004)

The proposed criteria should help clinicians in the classification of their patients and the prospective and retrospective analysis of PNS cases.
Anomalously Large Reactivity of Single Graphene Layers and Edges toward Electron Transfer Chemistries (2010)

The reactivity of graphene and its various multilayers toward electron transfer chemistries with 4-nitrobenzene diazonium tetrafluoroborate is probed by Raman spectroscopy after reaction on-chip. Single graphene sheets are found to be almost 10 times more reactive than bi- or multilayers of graphene according to the relative disorder (D) peak in the Raman spectrum examined before and after chemical reaction in water. A model whereby electron puddles that shift the Dirac point locally to values below the Fermi level is consistent with the reactivity difference. Because the chemistry at the graphene edge is important for controlling its electronic properties, particularly in ribbon form, we have developed a spectroscopic test to examine the relative reactivity of graphene edges versus the bulk. We show, for the first time, that the reactivity of edges is at least two times higher than the reactivity of the bulk single graphene sheet, as supported by electron transfer theory. These differences in electron transfer rates may be important for selecting and manipulating graphitic materials on-chip.
Retinoic Acid Receptor Beta and Colon Cancer (2004)

Commentary to:Methylation and Regulation of Expression of Different Retinoic Acid Receptor Beta Isoforms in Human Colon CancerEmile M. Youssef, Marcos R.H. Estecio and Jean-Pierre J. Issa
Using UML for software process modeling (1999)

article Using UML for software process modeling Share on Authors: Dirk Jäger Aachen Univ. of Technology, Aachen, Germany Aachen Univ. of Technology, Aachen, GermanyView Profile , Ansgar Schleicher Aachen Univ. of Technology, Aachen, Germany Aachen Univ. of Technology, Aachen, GermanyView Profile , Bernhard Westfechtel Aachen Univ. of Technology, Aachen, Germany Aachen Univ. of Technology, Aachen, GermanyView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering NotesVolume 24Issue 6Nov. 1999 pp 91–108https://doi.org/10.1145/318774.318788Published:01 October 1999 14citation2,424DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations14Total Downloads2,424Last 12 Months6Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access