gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Bi-Specific T Cell Engaging Monoclonal Antibody (mAb) Derived From a TCR-Like Mab Specific For WT1/HLA-A0201 (ESK-BiTE) Shows a Potent Activity Against Human AML and Ph+ ALL In Mouse Models (2013)

Abstract The Wilms’ tumor oncogene protein (WT1) is an intracellular, oncogenic transcription factor that is over-expressed in a wide range of leukemias and solid cancers. RMFPNAPYL (RMF), a WT1-derived CD8 T cell HLA-A0201epitope, is a validated target for T cell-based immunotherapy. We generated a high affinity, fully human IgG1 mAb specific for the RMF/HLA-A0201 complex. The mAb shows potent anti-leukemia activity both in vitro and in vivo in mouse models. Bi-specific T cell engaging antibodies (BiTE) have been used effectively to target cell surface proteins and kill cancers. We have developed a new, potent form of the ESK mAb that is a bi-specific T cell engaging antibody (BiTE) specific for tumor cells coexpressing the intracellular oncoprotein, WT-1 and HLA A0201. ESK-BiTE and an irrelevant control BiTE were constructed with ESK1 scFv or irrelevant ScFv on one arm, and anti-CD3 ScFv fragment as the other arm. The BiTE constructs were expressed in CHO cells. Both the ESK-BiTE and the control BiTE bind human CD3 T cells. The ESK-BiTE selectively bind to leukemia cells that express both WT1 and HLA-A0201. The ESK-BiTE activated human resting T cells and EBV-specific T cells retargeting potent cytotoxicity against WT-1+ HLA A0201+ human leukemia cells in vitro. In an NSG mouse xenograft model, injection of ESK-BiTE (20 ug/ml) twice a week, following I.V. administration of 2x107 human EBV-specific T cells, once a week, significantly inhibited the growth of a previously established disseminated HLA A0201+, WT-1+ human Ph+ ALL, BV173 expressing luciferase, as measured by bioluminescence imaging. In a second NSG mouse model mice injected I.V. with an aggressive human AML, SET-2, on day 0, were treated on day 4 with ESK-Bite for 6 days consecutively at 20 ug/day together with EBV-specific T cells given twice a week. In this setting, the ESK-BiTE and T cells resulted in undetectable leukemic growth for 14 days post-leukemia inoculation, with a minimal tumor burden detected by day 18, while all control groups showed massive increases in leukemia burden by day 14. Mice bearing SET-2 leukemia, that received ESK-BiTE and T cells also showed longer survival and delayed limb paralysis. As expected, the human T cells, which were EBV-specific, did not induce signs of GVHD in mice. Our data provide evidence that ESK-BiTE is a potent and specific therapeutic agent against aggressive human leukemias expressing WT1 and HLA-A0201. This is the first study showing efficacy of a TCR-like BiTE antibody targeting an intracellular tumor antigen expressed at low density. Supported by the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, NIH R01CA55349 and P01 23766. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Geometry-Aware Learning of Maps for Camera Localization (2017)

Maps are a key component in image-based camera localization and visual SLAM systems: they are used to establish geometric constraints between images, correct drift in relative pose estimation, and relocalize cameras after lost tracking. The exact definitions of maps, however, are often application-specific and hand-crafted for different scenarios (e.g. 3D landmarks, lines, planes, bags of visual words). We propose to represent maps as a deep neural net called MapNet, which enables learning a data-driven map representation. Unlike prior work on learning maps, MapNet exploits cheap and ubiquitous sensory inputs like visual odometry and GPS in addition to images and fuses them together for camera localization. Geometric constraints expressed by these inputs, which have traditionally been used in bundle adjustment or pose-graph optimization, are formulated as loss terms in MapNet training and also used during inference. In addition to directly improving localization accuracy, this allows us to update the MapNet (i.e., maps) in a self-supervised manner using additional unlabeled video sequences from the scene. We also propose a novel parameterization for camera rotation which is better suited for deep-learning based camera pose regression. Experimental results on both the indoor 7-Scenes dataset and the outdoor Oxford RobotCar dataset show significant performance improvement over prior work. The MapNet project webpage is https://goo.gl/mRB3Au.
Scientific CMOS Pixels (2004)

High performance CMOS pixels are introduced; and their development is discussed. 3T (3-transistor) photodiode, 5T pinned diode, 6T photogate and 6T photogate back illuminated CMOS pixels are examined in detail, and the latter three are considered as scientific pixels. The advantages and disadvantages of these options for scientific CMOS pixels are examined. Pixel characterization, which is used to gain a better understanding of CMOS pixels themselves, is also discussed.
Millimeter-Wave Wireless Channel Control Using Spatially Adaptive Antenna Arrays (2016)

A wireless channel control concept based on spatially, i.e., position adaptive antenna arrays is introduced. This technique simultaneously utilizes beam-steering and spatial adaptation to enhance the wireless channel gain and system capacity. The concept is inspired by the microfluidically reconfigurable RF devices as they can enable compact systems with spatial adaptation capability. Specifically, a five element linear 28 GHz mm-wave antenna array design that can achieve beam-steering via phase shifters and spatial adaptation via microfluidics is detailed. Simulated realized gain patterns at various array positions and phase shifter states are subsequently utilized in link and system level simulations to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed concept. It is shown that a wireless communications system can achieve 51% improvement in the mean signal-to-interference ratio due to the spatial adaptation capability.
Substrate photoelectron enhancement of carbonaceous overlayer Auger emission: effect of the substrate on carbon overlayer thickness determination in XPS (1999)

The Ebel Model, which characterizes a sample consisting of a thin carbonaceous overlayer on a substrate of a different material, provides a relationship between the carbon 1s and Auger peak intensities and the overlayer thickness. In this paper, Ebel model predictions for six substrate materials (silicon, aluminum, titanium, copper, silver and gold) are compared with experimental data from samples prepared using self-assembled monolayer and Langmuir–Blodgett techniques. Although the agreement between the experimentally measured carbon 1s/carbon Auger ratio and the Ebel Model was very good for silicon and aluminum and good for titanium, copper and silver, the experimentally determined ratio was consistently lower than that predicted by the Ebel Model for the gold substrate. For a 1.3 nm thick carbon layer on gold, the discrepancy between the measurement and the Ebel Model was 26%. We therefore modified the Ebel Model to include the effects of photoionization of carbon atoms in the overlayer by substrate photoelectrons. We refer to this as the Substrate Effect Model. Agreement between the Substrate Effect Model and the experimental data is very good for all six substrates examined. Because the Substrate Effect Model gives an accurate relationship between the carbon peak intensities and overlayer thickness, it can be used to determine an unknown overlayer thickness and to improve the accuracy of XPS quantitative analysis by accounting for the presence of the ubiquitous adventitious carbon layer. To this end, Substrate Effect Model results are presented for 40 substrate elements of technological interest and for overlayer thicknesses of 1,2 and 5 nm. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using Superimposed ASK Label in a 10-Gb/s Multihop All-Optical Label Swapping System (2004)

A novel optical-label-swapping technique is proposed, experimentally verified, and theoretically analyzed in this paper. The technique superimposes a low-speed amplitude-shift-keying (ASK) label on top of a high-speed dc-balanced-line-coded ASK payload. A multihop long-distance transmission experiment using a recirculating loop has been successfully demonstrated, and an experimental record is set when compared with other optical-label-swapping techniques.
A parametric template method and its application to robust matching (2002)

We propose a template-matching method in which a parametric template space is constructed from a given set of template images then quickly matched to a reference image. In this method geometrical changes in an image object due to translation, rotation or scaling, and non-geometrical changes such as illumination variations or individual variation between objects are represented by template images in the parametric template space. The method also provides a subpixel matching scheme that yields a high-precision estimation of the object position. Experiments using real images have confirmed the effectiveness of the method.
Apparatus and method for maintaining low temperatures about an object at a remote location. [Patent application] (1980)

The disclosure is directed to an apparatus and method for maintaining a body at cryogenic temperatures at a remote location such as down a borehole for an extended period of time. A housing contains a body comprising a material having a high specific heat at cryogenic temperatures such as between about 2 and 15 K. The body contains an orifice for containing an instrument or instruments operable at superconducting temperatures. The apparatus is precooled at the surface and lowered into a borehole to a desired depth, such as 2 to 3 miles. The instruments are operated, and the apparatus withdrawn, the material of the body maintaining the very low temperatures at which the instrument(s) operate for a sufficient period of time at the remote or downhole location. The material may comprise a rare earth compound, such as Gd/sub 2/O/sub 3/, Gd/sub 2/Se/sub 3/, Gd/sub 2/O/sub 2/S or GdAlO/sub 3/. Monoclinic and C-phase gadolinium oxides work well. A low temperature is maintainable at a remote location for several hours.
Percolating cermet thin-film thermistors between 50 mK–300 K and 0–20 T (1988)

Cermet thin-film resistors consisting of roughly 50-Å Pt or Mo particles in Al2O3 at compositions just below the percolation transition provide a number of useful features for thermometry. These include: continuous sensitivity from at least 50 mK to 300 K, adjustable temperature dependence, low heat capacity, small size, excellent stability, and a saturable magnetoresistance. The fabrication, microstructure, and temperature dependence of the resistance and magnetoresistance of these materials are described. We find poor agreement with existing theories of conduction in granular materials.
Artificial neural network features for speaker diarization (2014)

Speaker diarization finds contiguous speaker segments in an audio recording and clusters them by speaker identity, without any a-priori knowledge. Diarization is typically based on short-term spectral features such as Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs). Though these features carry average information about the vocal tract characteristics of a speaker, they are also susceptible to factors unrelated to the speaker identity. In this study, we propose an artificial neural network (ANN) architecture to learn a feature transform that is optimized for speaker diarization. We train a multi-hidden-layer ANN to judge whether two given speech segments came from the same or different speakers, using a shared transform of the input features that feeds into a bottleneck layer. We then use the bottleneck layer activations as features, either alone or in combination with baseline MFCC features in a multistream mode, for speaker diarization on test data. The resulting system is evaluated on various corpora of multi-party meetings. A combination of MFCC and ANN features gives up to 14% relative reduction in diarization error, demonstrating that these features are providing an additional independent source of knowledge.
3D localization by a biomimetic sonar system in a fire-fighting application (2011)

In this study we investigate the effects of medium disturbances on the usability of a biomimetic sonar system in a target localization application. In particular, we concentrate on a fire-fighting application giving rise to specific types of medium disturbances. We determine experimentally the effects of these medium disturbances: undisturbed air (reference), the presence of small water droplets, large convective air-currents and flames, on the received echo spectra. As the echo spectra are used to estimate the target location, these different conditions by disturbing to varying extents sound propagation through the medium will have an effect on the sonar system's localization performance. Using an information theoretic model of the spectrum based localization mechanism we characterize the loss in localization accuracy due to the different medium disturbances. We conclude that an echolocation system based on the sonar system of the bat Phyllostomus discolor allows for robust localization even in highly disturbed media. However, while the need for replacing the emission pattern of the bat by that of a standard transducer in the biomimetic sonar system makes little difference in the ‘reference’ and ‘water spray’ conditions it limits echolocation performance in the ‘air-currents’ condition and makes the use of the proposed system very difficult in the ‘flames’ condition.
Enabling enhanced emission and low-threshold lasing of organic molecules using special Fano resonances of macroscopic photonic crystals (2013)

The nature of light interaction with matter can be dramatically altered in optical cavities, often inducing nonclassical behavior. In solid-state systems, excitons need to be spatially incorporated within nanostructured cavities to achieve such behavior. Although fascinating phenomena have been observed with inorganic nanostructures, the incorporation of organic molecules into the typically inorganic cavity is more challenging. Here, we present a unique optofluidic platform comprising organic molecules in solution suspended on a photonic crystal surface, which supports macroscopic Fano resonances and allows strong and tunable interactions with the molecules anywhere along the surface. We develop a theoretical framework of this system and present a rigorous comparison with experimental measurements, showing dramatic spectral and angular enhancement of emission. We then demonstrate that these enhancement mechanisms enable lasing of only a 100-nm thin layer of diluted solution of organic molecules with substantially reduced threshold intensity, which has important implications for organic light-emitting devices and molecular sensing.
Nonlinear optimization for partially coherent phase recovery with Abbe’s method (2016)

We propose an extension to our previously-developed nonlinear optimization method for partially coherent phase retrieval from a stack of through-focus intensity images. The forward model is formulated as an Abbe extended source method, where each source point incurs different pupil filtering. We compare to our previous model that approximates the forward physics as a convolution. The new method gives more accurate phase results and enables resolution beyond the coherent diffraction limit, at a cost of longer compute time.
Spectroscopic imaging with multidimensional pulses for excitation: SIMPLE (1991)

Proton spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging in the human brain require the elimination of both water and lipid signals. Strong lipid signals from subcutaneous fat are usually eliminated by confining the excited volume to lie wholly within the skull. Water suppression, however, can be difficult due to both B0 and RF inhomogeneities, which are particularly troublesome in imaging experiments where a relatively large region-of-interest (ROI) is typical. In this paper, we discuss the use of multidimensional selective-excitation pulses (e.g., pulses that are simultaneously selective along two axes) to both define the ROI and provide the necessary water suppression. Pulse sequences providing three-dimensional localization along with water suppression that is insensitive to a range of B0 and RF inhomogeneities are described. Spectra and spectroscopic images (voxel volume = 3.4 cc. acquisition time = 38 min) of various 1H metabolites from a patient with an astrocytoma show clear differences between normal and cancerous tissues and demonstrate the ability of these techniques to be used in vivo.
Physics of interband cascade lasers (2011)

The interband cascade laser (ICL) is a unique device concept that combines the effective parallel connection of its multiple-quantum-well active regions, interband active transitions, and internal generation of electrons and holes at a semimetallic interface within each stage of the device. The internal generation of carriers becomes effective under bias, and the role of electrical injection is to replenish the carriers consumed by recombination processes. Major strides have been made toward fundamentally understanding the rich and intricate ICL physics, which has in turn led to dramatic improvements in the device performance. In this article, we review the physical principles of the ICL operation and designs of the active region, electron and hole injectors, and optical waveguide. The results for state-of- the-art ICLs spanning the 3-6 μm wavelength range are also briefly reviewed. The cw threshold input powers at room temperature are more than an order of magnitude lower than those for quantum cascade lasers throughout the mid-IR spectral range. This will lengthen battery lifetimes and greatly relax packaging and size/weight requirements for fielded sensing systems.
Publicly posted composite documents with identity based encryption (2011)

Recently-introduced Publicly Posted Composite Documents (PPCDs) enable composite documents with different formats and differential access control to participate in cross-organizational workflows distributed over potentially non-secure channels. The original PPCD design was based on a Public Key Infrastructure, requiring each workflow participant to own a pair of public and private keys. This solution also required the document master to know the corresponding valid public keys (certificates) of all participants prior to commencement of the workflow. Using Identity Based Encryption (IBE), a recently described cryptographic technique, we eliminate the requirement for the prior knowledge and distribution of the workflow participants' keys. The required public keys for each workflow participant are calculated based on user identities and other relevant factors at workflow onset. The generation of corresponding private keys can be delayed up until the workflow step, when the corresponding workflow participants require access to the document. The solution presented provides automatic workflow order enforcement and the ability to impose multiple document release dates real-time.
Short-term audio-visual atoms for generic video concept classification (2009)

We investigate the challenging issue of joint audio-visual analysis of generic videos targeting at semantic concept detection. We propose to extract a novel representation, the Short-term Audio-Visual Atom (S-AVA), for improved concept detection. An S-AVA is defined as a short-term region track associated with regional visual features and background audio features. An effective algorithm, named Short-Term Region tracking with joint Point Tracking and Region Segmentation (STR-PTRS), is developed to extract S-AVAs from generic videos under challenging conditions such as uneven lighting, clutter, occlusions, and complicated motions of both objects and camera. Discriminative audio-visual codebooks are constructed on top of S-AVAs using Multiple Instance Learning. Codebook-based features are generated for semantic concept detection. We extensively evaluate our algorithm over Kodak's consumer benchmark video set from real users. Experimental results confirm significant performance improvements - over 120% MAP gain compared to alternative approaches using static region segmentation without temporal tracking. The joint audio-visual features also outperform visual features alone by an average of 8.5% (in terms of AP) over 21 concepts, with many concepts achieving more than 20%.
Hepatic metabolism of skatole in pigs by cytochrome P4502E1. (1998)

High concentrations of skatole in fat are a major cause of boar taint in intact male pigs. Skatole is metabolized in the liver, and this metabolism could affect concentrations of skatole in fat. In this study, we evaluated the involvement of cytochrome P450, in particular cytochrome P4502E1, in skatole metabolism in pig liver. Liver microsomes from F4 European Wild Pig x Swedish Yorkshire intact male pigs were incubated in a buffer containing NADPH, NADH, and skatole. Several skatole metabolites were detected by HPLC, including 6-hydroxyskatole (pro-MII), 3-hydroxy-3-methyloxyindole (MIII), and five others not identified in this study. Inhibitors of P450 were added to microsomal incubations, and their effect on the formation of skatole metabolites and skatole disappearance was evaluated. The general cytochrome P450 inhibitors SKF 525A, at a concentration of .2 mM and metyrapone, at a concentration of .1 mM decreased the formation of pro-MII (P = .001) to 38.2 and 11.6%, respectively, of that of controls. The SKF 525A also reduced the synthesis of MIII and three other metabolites, whereas metyrapone only reduced the disappearance of skatole and synthesis of pro-MII. Inhibitors specific for cytochrome P4502E1 were more effective in reducing the formation of skatole metabolites than SKF 525A and metyrapone. Chlorzoxazone and diallyl sulfide reduced (P = .001) the synthesis of pro-MII to 9.7 and 30.9% of the control rate. The formation of most of the other skatole metabolites and disappearance of skatole were also reduced with these inhibitors. These results indicate that skatole is metabolized in pig liver to pro-MII and other metabolites by cytochrome P4502E1.
Probabilistic Method to predict Remaining Usage Life of Aircraft Structures (2016)

Current trends in the design of new aircraft components and high level innovations in the older type of aircraft are clearly pointing to automation and integration of all aircraft systems to give increased cost efficiency in the aircraft operation. The same trend can be observed in the design, operation and maintenance of aircraft structures where advanced Structure Health Monitoring (SHM) systems are about to enter into service. These advanced systems are designed to provide both diagnostic and prognostic information enabling application of Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) or even Prognostics Maintenance (PM) concepts into the maintenance of the aircraft structures. To make this CBM/PM concept a reality, an accurate, reliable and robust method to predict the Remaining Usage Life (RUL) of the structure is the foremost step.This paper presents a probabilistic method for RUL prediction. A hybrid approach is used, comprising of two different algorithms. The first algorithm adopts fracture- mechanics based fatigue crack growth model. This approach uses physics of failure to predict the crack growth curve and underlying degradation process. It calculates the accurate value of Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) to calculate the crack growth curve. The second algorithm is a mathematical model which quantify various sources of uncertainty such as future loading, crack length, model parameters etc. The process described in this paper results in enhanced remaining usage life estimation by compensating for the aforementioned modeling uncertainties. The model results were verified and validated on a typical aero structure with experimental, FEA simulation and fractography data.