gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of bromoconduritol on glucosidase II from rat liver (1993)

Bromoconduritol inhibits the p-nitrophenyl-glucosidase and maltase activities of glucosidase II purified from rat liver, an enzyme that removes the two alpha-1,3-linked glucose residues of the protein-bound oligosaccharide Glc2Man9GlcNAc2 in the processing of N-glycoproteins. The inactivation process exhibits pseudo-first-order kinetics. Previously, we have demonstrated the occurrence of two binding (active) sites in the glucosidase II for the substrates p-nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside (pNphGlc) and maltose (high- and low-affinity sites). The inhibition kinetic studies with bromoconduritol indicate that the high- and low-affinity sites for pNphGlc correspond to high- and low-affinity sites for maltose, respectively. Bromoconduritol has no effect on the binding of the substrates (pNphGlc and maltose) to the high-affinity site, although it does modify the low-affinity site and hinders the binding of the two indicated substrates to this site. These results, together with previous reports, have prompted us to propose a new kinetic model of binding and hydrolysis of the physiological substrate of the enzyme, in which the outermost glucose residue would bind and be released at the high-affinity site, whereas the innermost glucose residue would do so at the low-affinity site.
Neutrophil survival is markedly reduced by incubation with influenza virus and<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>: role of respiratory burst (2001)

Bacterial superinfections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality during influenza A virus (IAV) epidemics. We demonstrate that incubation with the combination of IAV and Streptococcus pneumoniae caused marked reductions in survival of neutrophils in vitro compared with treatment with control buffer or IAV or S. pneumoniae alone. This cooperative effect was in part mediated by acceleration of neutrophil apoptosis as evidenced by increases in annexin-V binding and caspase-3 activation. However, GM-CSF did not increase survival of neutrophils exposed to IAV and S. pneumoniae. IAV enhanced neutrophil uptake of S. pneumoniae significantly. Furthermore, the combination of IAV and S. pneumoniae caused significantly more hydrogen peroxide production than IAV or S. pneumoniae alone. This increased respiratory burst activity contributed to the diminished neutrophil survival caused by IAV and S. pneumoniae. The NADPH oxidase inhibitor, diphenyleneiodonium, significantly improved survival of neutrophils treated with IAV and S. pneumoniae. These findings may help to explain the increased susceptibility of IAV-infected patients to infections with S. pneumoniae.
Purification, molecular cloning, and sequencing of phospholipase C-beta 4. (1993)

We have characterized inositol phospholipid-specific phospholipase C (PLC) isozymes in bovine retina. Chromatography of a retinal homogenate on a heparin column partially resolved six peaks of PLC activity, which differed in their relative selectivities for the substrates phosphatidyl 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) and phosphatidylinositol (PI). Five of the peaks were shown to correspond to the known PLC isozymes PLC-beta 1, PLC-beta 3, PLC-gamma 1, PLC-delta 1, and PLC-delta 2. PLC-beta 1, PLC-beta 3, PLC-gamma 1, and PLC-delta 1 in the retinal fractions were identified by immunoblotting with isozyme-specific antibodies, and PLC-delta 2 was identified by direct sequencing of tryptic peptides. PLC-gamma 2 and PLC-beta 2 were not detectable by immunoblot analysis. In addition to five of the seven mammalian PLC isozymes identified to date, bovine retina contained a previously unidentified PLC, which exhibited the highest selectivity for PIP2 over PI. The new PLC was purified from a retinal particulate fraction to yield a preparation that contained a major protein band with an apparent molecular mass of 130 kDa on SDS-polyacrylamide gels. Sequence analysis of 12 tryptic peptides derived from the 130-kDa protein suggested that the primary structure of the new PLC is similar to those members of beta-type PLC isozymes, especially to that of PLC-norpA, which was originally identified in Drosophila eye. The new enzyme was thus named PLC-beta 4. A search of a rat brain cDNA library with the polymerase chain reaction and oligonucleotide primers based on common PLC amino acid sequences resulted in the cloning of a rat brain cDNA corresponding to a previously uncharacterized PLC. The cDNA encoded a putative polypeptide of 1176 amino acids, with a calculated molecular mass of 134,532 daltons, that contained the sequences of all 12 tryptic peptides of PLC-beta 4. Furthermore, the deduced amino acid sequence of the encoded protein was more related to PLC-norpA than to any of the three mammalian PLC-beta isozymes. These results suggest that the brain cDNA encodes PLC-beta 4, which is likely a mammalian homolog of PLC-norpA.
MDGAN: Boosting Anomaly Detection Using \\Multi-Discriminator Generative Adversarial Networks (2018)

Anomaly detection is often considered a challenging field of machine learning due to the difficulty of obtaining anomalous samples for training and the need to obtain a sufficient amount of training data. In recent years, autoencoders have been shown to be effective anomaly detectors that train only on "normal" data. Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have been used to generate additional training samples for classifiers, thus making them more accurate and robust. However, in anomaly detection GANs are only used to reconstruct existing samples rather than to generate additional ones. This stems both from the small amount and lack of diversity of anomalous data in most domains. In this study we propose MDGAN, a novel GAN architecture for improving anomaly detection through the generation of additional samples. Our approach uses two discriminators: a dense network for determining whether the generated samples are of sufficient quality (i.e., valid) and an autoencoder that serves as an anomaly detector. MDGAN enables us to reconcile two conflicting goals: 1) generate high-quality samples that can fool the first discriminator, and 2) generate samples that can eventually be effectively reconstructed by the second discriminator, thus improving its performance. Empirical evaluation on a diverse set of datasets demonstrates the merits of our approach.
The application of air and ground based laser mapping systems to transmission line corridor surveys (2002)

The ability to reliably and accurately locate and survey objects while moving or without physically occupying them is the key to the productivity of the FLI-MAP and TruckMAP laser mapping systems. These advanced technology systems incorporate OTF kinematic GPS, GPS-aided attitude, and reflectorless laser range finding sensors into complete remote sensing survey platforms. The FLI-MAP system is a helicopter-based laser scanning system capable of collecting 5000 geo-referenced data points per second at typical survey speeds of 40 knots. The TruckMAP system is a van-based mobile mapping system capable of collecting survey data in a point and acquire fashion. The combination of these two complementary systems is an unmatchable solution to mapping and surveying electric transmission line corridors in a quick, precise, and cost-effective way. This paper presents the systems and technologies they employ as well as the operational data collecting and processing issues. A case study of a recent transmission line survey is presented to demonstrate the applicability of these technologies to corridor mapping and surveying.
Genetic abnormalities and survival in multiple myeloma: the experience of the Intergroupe Francophone du Myelome (2007)

Acquired genomic aberrations have been shown to significantly impact survival in several hematologic malignancies. We analyzed the prognostic value of the most frequent chromosomal changes in a large series of patients with newly diagnosed symptomatic myeloma prospectively enrolled in homogeneous therapeutic trials. All the 1064 patients enrolled in the IFM99 trials conducted by the Intergroupe Francophone du Myélome benefited from an interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis performed on purified bone marrow plasma cells. They were systematically screened for the following genomic aberrations: del(13), t(11;14), t(4;14), hyperdiploidy, MYC translocations, and del(17p). Chromosomal changes were observed in 90% of the patients. The del(13), t(11;14), t(4;14), hyperdiploidy, MYC translocations, and del(17p) were present in 48%, 21%, 14%, 39%, 13%, and 11% of the patients, respectively. After a median follow-up of 41 months, univariate statistical analyses revealed that del(13), t(4;14), nonhyperdiploidy, and del(17p) negatively impacted both the event-free survival and the overall survival, whereas t(11;14) and MYC translocations did not influence the prognosis. Multivariate analyses on 513 patients annotated for all the parameters showed that only t(4;14) and del(17p) retained prognostic value for both the event-free and overall survivals. When compared with the currently used International Staging System, this prognostic model compares favorably. In myeloma, the genomic aberrations t(4;14) and del(17p), together with beta2-microglobulin level, are important independent predictors of survival. These findings have implications for the design of risk-adapted treatment strategies.
Applicability of single precision graphics processing unit for fast simulation of 2D surface acoustic wave devices using an hierarchical cascading technique (2019)

Abstract This paper discusses the applicability of a single precision computation with a graphics processing unit for the finite elements method simulation of surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices using the hierarchical cascading technique (HCT). The HCT simulation is performed in both single and double precision, and the required computational time, memory size and accuracy are compared. Three SAW device structures are discussed; (a) a synchronous resonator on 42°YX-LiTaO 3 (42-LT), (b) a double mode SAW (DMS) filter on 42-LT, and (c) a synchronous resonator on 42-LT/Si bonded wafer. It is shown that the single precision enables us to double the calculation speed and halve the memory size with negligible accuracy deterioration.
MOUSE MUTANT DEFICIENT IN d-AMINO ACID OXIDASE ACTIVITY (1983)

D-Amino acid oxidase activity in the kidney homogenates of mice of seven strains was measured to search for a mutant for this enzyme. There was a consistent sex difference in the enzyme activity in these strains: male mice showed higher levels of the enzyme activity than females. In contrast to other strains, some mice of the ddY strain did not possess enzyme activity. This trait was inheritable, and a mouse stock without enzyme activity (DAO-) was established. The allele (Dao-1c) carried by the DAO- mice was recessive and behaved as a single autosomal gene in inheritance. Heterozygous mice for this gene (Dao-1+/Dao-1c) showed nearly half the enzyme activity of the wild-type homozygotes (Dao-1+/Dao-1+), suggesting that Dao-1c is a null allele and that there is a gene dosage effect on the enzyme activity.
Free-living eating event spotting using EMG-monitoring eyeglasses (2018)

We investigate a pattern spotting approach, comprising one-class-classification and sliding window search to identify eating moments in continuous Electromyography (EMG) chewing data recorded with smart eyeglasses. Our approach circumvents the problems of binary classification, i.e. modelling non-eating behaviour and dealing with the high skew between eating and non-eating times in free-living dietary behaviour data. In addition to information retrieval performance, we investigate the timing performance for determining start and end of eating events. We compare fixed epochs without overlap and a sliding window search with overlapping windows to determine best event timing performance. To evaluate our approach, we use free-living study data of ten participants wearing the smart eyeglasses during daily life. Our results show that the overlapping window search in the eyeglasses' EMG data yields best F1 score (95%) at an approx. start timing error of 21.8 s±29.9s and end timing error of 14.7s±7.1s.
Poq: Projection-based Runtime Assertions for Debugging on a Quantum Computer (2019)

In this paper, we propose Proq, a runtime assertion scheme for testing and debugging quantum programs on a quantum computer. The predicates in Proq are represented by projections (or equivalently, closed subspaces of the state space), following Birkhoff-von Neumann quantum logic. The satisfaction of a projection by a quantum state can be directly checked upon a small number of projective measurements rather than a large number of repeated executions. On the theory side, we rigorously prove that checking projection-based assertions can help locate bugs or statistically assure that the semantic function of the tested program is close to what we expect, for both exact and approximate quantum programs. On the practice side, we consider hardware constraints and introduce several techniques to transform the assertions, making them directly executable on the measurement-restricted quantum computers. We also propose to achieve simplified assertion implementation using local projection technique with soundness guaranteed. We compare Proq with existing quantum program assertions and demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of Proq by its applications to assert two ingenious quantum algorithms, the Harrow-Hassidim-Lloyd algorithm and Shor's algorithm.
THE ROLE OF DYNAMIC AND MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES IN THE ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL LIVER DONORS (1994)

In a prospective study, 66 donor livers were evaluated by monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX) dynamic clearance and semiquantitative scoring of pathological changes in liver biopsies. The median MEGX level in 63 donors was 89 mcg/L (range 16-250 mcg/L); fifteen had MEGX levels < 50 mcg/L, 17 between 50 and 90 mcg/L, and 31 > 90 mcg/L. There were no cases of primary nonfunction, and no deaths were related to poor graft function. There was no statistically significant difference in peak aspartate aminotransferase (AST), day 5 AST, peak bilirubin, or lowest prothrombin time among the 3 groups. Liver biopsies were assessed in 61 donors: 33 (54%) were normal and 17 (28%) showed mild, 8 (13%) showed moderate, and 3 (5%) showed severe steatosis. Postperfusion biopsy assessing the extent of preservation injury was essentially normal or showed minimal change in 16 (26%), mild change in 29 (48%), moderate in 13 (21%) and severe abnormalities in 3 (5%). The latter 3 biopsies all had severe steatosis. There was no significant difference in early graft function or outcome between moderate/severe groups and normal/minimal groups, although the former had a higher peak AST (P < 0.02) and peak bilirubin (P < 0.004). This detailed prospective analysis suggests that MEGX and the morphological studies may assist in the assessment of potential liver donors but they do not provide a basis on which grafts should be discarded.
Heart Rate Variability-Based Driver Drowsiness Detection and Its Validation With EEG (2018)

Objective: Driver drowsiness detection is a key technology that can prevent fatal car accidents caused by drowsy driving. The present work proposes a driver drowsiness detection algorithm based on heart rate variability (HRV) analysis and validates the proposed method by comparing with electroencephalography (EEG)-based sleep scoring. Methods: Changes in sleep condition affect the autonomic nervous system and then HRV, which is defined as an RR interval (RRI) fluctuation on an electrocardiogram trace. Eight HRV features are monitored for detecting changes in HRV by using multivariate statistical process control, which is a well known anomaly detection method. Result: The performance of the proposed algorithm was evaluated through an experiment using a driving simulator. In this experiment, RRI data were measured from 34 participants during driving, and their sleep onsets were determined based on the EEG data by a sleep specialist. The validation result of the experimental data with the EEG data showed that drowsiness was detected in 12 out of 13 pre-N1 episodes prior to the sleep onsets, and the false positive rate was 1.7 times per hour. Conclusion: The present work also demonstrates the usefulness of the framework of HRV-based anomaly detection that was originally proposed for epileptic seizure prediction. Significance: The proposed method can contribute to preventing accidents caused by drowsy driving.
ATAT1-enriched vesicles promote microtubule acetylation via axonal transport (2019)

Microtubules are polymerized dimers of α- and β-tubulin that underlie a broad range of cellular activities. Acetylation of α-tubulin by the acetyltransferase ATAT1 modulates microtubule dynamics and functions in neurons. However, it remains unclear how this enzyme acetylates microtubules over long distances in axons. Here, we show that loss of ATAT1 impairs axonal transport in neurons in vivo, and cell-free motility assays confirm a requirement of α-tubulin acetylation for proper bidirectional vesicular transport. Moreover, we demonstrate that the main cellular pool of ATAT1 is transported at the cytosolic side of neuronal vesicles that are moving along axons. Together, our data suggest that axonal transport of ATAT1-enriched vesicles is the predominant driver of α-tubulin acetylation in axons.
A molecular dynamics analysis of the mechanical effect of water on the deformation of silicon monocrystals subjected to nano-indentation (2004)

This paper discusses the mechanical effect of water on the deformation of silicon monocrystals under nano-indentation with the aid of molecular dynamics analysis. The rigid TIP4P model was used to simulate the interactions between water molecules while the long-ranged non-bonded Lennard-Jones potential was applied for the pairs of unlike molecules. It was found that upon loading water molecules are lodged into the cavities of the silicon substrate, causing subsurface damage. The diamond cubic structure in the indentation zone transforms into an amorphous state with a body-centred tetragonal form (β-silicon) below the indentor. The presence of water significantly reduces the indentor–silicon adhesion that alters the structure of the residual deformation zone after complete unloading.
Implementation of EMD‐based control algorithm for a cascaded multilevel inverter–based shunt active filter (2019)

This paper describes an empirical mode decomposition control algorithm to extract the fundamental component and set the reference for harmonic extraction in a cascaded multilevel inverter–based shunt active filter. The proposed technique is fully reliant on the data samples that are decomposed instantaneously and does not require any weighing factor. The fundamental component of load current is found by applying a novel empirical mode decomposition algorithm from the nonlinear load current samples. Spline interpolation is used to extract the intrinsic mode function. For online implementation, the maxima and minima points of load current are stored using a modified field programming gate array (FPGA)-based circular buffer circuit. Finally, the proposed cascaded multilevel inverter–based shunt active filter is investigated both by simulation and hardware implementation. The results obtained validates the performance of the proposed control technique under balanced and unbalanced loading conditions.
CAN MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS ASSOCIATED WITH TEXT MINING FROM INTERNET DATA IMPROVE HOUSING PRICE PREDICTION PERFORMANCE? (2020)

Housing frenzies in China have attracted widespread global attention over the past few years, but the key is how to more accurately forecast housing prices in order to establish an effective real estate policy. Based on the ubiquitousness and immediacy of Internet data, this research adopts a broader version of text mining to search for keywords in relation to housing prices and then evaluates the predictive abilities using machine learning algorithms. Our findings indicate that this new method, especially random forest, not only detects turning points, but also offers prediction ability that clearly outperforms traditional regression analysis. Overall, the prediction based on online search data through a machine learning mechanism helps us better understand the trends of house prices in China.
Pro Team Foundation Service (2013)

Pro Team Foundation Service gives you a jump-start into Microsoft's cloud-based Application Lifecycle Management platform,Â taking you through the different stages of software development. Every project needs to plan, develop, test and release software and with agile practices often at a higher pace than ever before. Microsoft's Team Foundation Service is a cloud-based platform that givesÂ you tools for agile planning and work tracking. It has a code repository that can be used not only from Visual Studio but from Java platforms and Mac OS X. The testing tools allow testers to start testing at the same time as developers start developing. The book also covers how to set up automated practices such as build, deploy and test workflows. This book: Takes you through the major stages in a software development project. Gives practical development guidance for the whole team. Enables you to quickly get started with modern development practices. With Microsoft Team Foundation Service comes a collaboration platform that gives you and your team the tools to better perform your tasks in a fully integrated way.
Nanoporous silicon prepared through air-oxidation demagnesiation of Mg<sub>2</sub>Si and properties of its lithium ion batteries (2015)

Nanoporous silicon has been prepared through the air-oxidation demagnesiation of Mg2Si at 600 °C for 10 hours (Mg2Si + O2 → Si + MgO), followed by HCl washing. Mg2Si was prepared from 200 mesh commercial Si at 500 °C for 5 h in an autoclave. The as-prepared Si exhibits a reversible capacity of 1000 mA h g(-1) at 36 A g(-1) and ∼1200 mA h g(-1) at 1.8 A g(-1) over 400 cycles.
Postharvest Variation in Cellulase, Polygalacturonase, and Pectinmethylesterase in Avocado (<i>Persea americana</i> Mill, cv. Fuerte) Fruits in Relation to Respiration and Ethylene Production (1979)

Cellulase, polygalacturonase (PG), pectinmethylesterase (PME), respiration, and ethylene production were determined in single "Fuerte" avocado fruits from the day of harvest through the start of fruit breakdown. PME declined from its maximum value at the time of picking to a low level early in the climacteric. PG activity was not detectable in the preclimacteric stage, increased during the climacteric, and continued to increase during the postclimacteric phase to a level three times greater than when the fruit reached the edible soft stage. Cellulase activity was low in the preclimacteric fruit, started to increase just as respiration increased, and reached a level two times greater than at the edible soft stage. Cellulase activity started to increase 3 days before PG activity could be detected. Increased production of ethylene followed the increase in respiration and cellulase activity by about 1.5 days. These results indicate that a close relation exists between the rapid increase in the cell wall-depolymerizing enzymes and the rise in respiration and ethylene production and refocused attention on the role of the cell wall and the associated plasma membrane in the early events of fruit ripening.