gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Event-Based Processing of Single Photon Avalanche Diode Sensors (2020)

Single Photon Avalanche Diode sensor arrays operating in direct time of flight mode can perform 3D imaging using pulsed lasers. Operating at high frame rates, SPAD imagers typically generate large volumes of noisy and largely redundant spatio-temporal data. This results in communication bottlenecks and unnecessary data processing. In this work, we propose a neuromorphic processing solution to this problem. By processing the spatio-temporal patterns generated by the SPADs in a local, event-based manner, the proposed $128\times 128$ pixel sensor-processor system reduces the size of output data from the sensor by orders of magnitude while increasing the utility of the output data in the context of challenging recognition tasks. To test the proposed system, the first large scale complex SPAD imaging dataset is captured using an existing $32\times 32$ pixel sensor. The generated dataset consists of 24000 recordings and involves high-speed view-invariant recognition of airplanes with background clutter. The frame-based SPAD imaging dataset is converted via several alternative methods into event-based data streams and processed using the proposed $125\times 125$ receptive field neuromorphic processor as well as a range of feature extractor networks and pooling methods. The output of the proposed event generation methods are then processed by an event-based feature extraction and classification system implemented in FPGA hardware. The event-based processing methods are compared to processing the original frame-based dataset via frame-based but otherwise identical architectures. The results show the event-based methods are superior to the frame-based approach both in terms of classification accuracy and output data-rate.
VirD: A Virion Display Array for Profiling Functional Membrane Proteins (2013)

To facilitate high-throughput biochemical analyses of membrane proteins, we have developed a novel display technology in a microarray format. Both single-pass (cluster of differentiation 4, CD4) and multiple-pass (G protein-coupled receptor 77, GPR77) human transmembrane proteins were engineered to be displayed in the membrane envelop of herpes simplex virions. These viruses produce large spherical virions displaying multiple copies of envelop proteins. Our aim was to engineer this virus to express these human proteins during the virus productive cycle and incorporate the human proteins into the virion during the assembly process. Another strategy presented includes engineering a fusion of glycoprotein C (gC), a major constituent of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) virions, by hijacking the cis-acting signals to direct incorporation of the chimeric protein into the virion. The expression of the human proteins in infected cells, at the cell surface and in purified virions, is in the correct transmembrane orientation, and the proteins are biochemically functional. Purified virions printed on glass slides form a high-density Virion Display (VirD) Array, and the displayed proteins were demonstrated to retain their native conformations and interactions on the VirD Array judging by similar assays, such as antibody staining, as well as lectin and ligand binding. This method can be readily scaled or tailored for different modalities including a high-content, high-throughput platform for screening ligands and drugs of human membrane proteins.
One electron-controlled multiple-valued dynamic random-access-memory (2016)

We propose a new architecture for a dynamic random-access-memory (DRAM) capable of storing multiple values by using a single-electron transistor (SET). The gate of a SET is designed to be connected to a plurality of DRAM unit cells that are arrayed at intersections of word lines and bitlines. In this SET-DRAM hybrid scheme, the multiple switching characteristics of SET enables multiple value data stored in a DRAM unit cell, and this increases the storage functionality of the device. Moreover, since refreshing data requires only a small amount of SET driving current, this enables device operating with low standby power consumption.
ChemInform Abstract: 2,3‐DIHYDRO‐4H‐1‐BENZOPYRAN‐4‐ONE O‐CARBAMOYLOXIMES, A SERIES OF GASTRIC ANTISECRETORY AGENTS (1984)

Abstract Die thermische Cyclisierung der β‐Aryloxypropionsäure (I) in Polyphosphorsäure liefert die Dihydrobenzopyranone (IIa), die nach Überführung mit NH 2 OH/HCI in die Oxime (IIb) mit den Alkylisocyanaten (III) die N′‐A1ky1‐O‐ carbamoyloxime (IIc) zugänglich machen.
Use of reversible hydrides for hydrogen storage (1980)

The addition of metals or alloys whose hydrides have a high dissociation pressure allows a considerable increase in the hydrogenation rate of magnesium. The influence of temperature and hydrogen pressure on the reaction rate were studied. Results concerning the hydriding of magnesium rich alloys such as Mg2Ca, La2Mg17 and CeMg12 are presented. The hydriding mechanism of La2Mg17 and CeMg12 alloys is given.
Improved Thermal-Switch Disks Protect Batteries (1990)

Improved thermal-switch disks help protect electrical batteries against high currents like those due to short circuits or high demands for power in circuits supplied by batteries. Protects batteries against excessive temperatures. Centered by insulating fiberglass washer. Contains conductive polymer that undergoes abrupt increase in electrical resistance when excessive current raises its temperature above specific point. After cooling, polymer reverts to low resistance. Disks reusable.
Insect Control Tent Fabrics (1994)

Insecticides and/or repellents incorporated into a tent coating matrix are used to provide long term efficacy against mosquitoes. Tents prepared with Permethrin contained in the interior coating and tested for one year at Gainesville, Florida USDA Laboratories under the direction of Dr. Carl Schreck showed long term efficacy beyond original expectations. The use of plasticizer to mobilize con trolled release of permethrin to interior tent coating surface contributed to long term efficacy as well as the protection of permethrin from ultraviolet degradation by the fabric substrate and exterior coating. On a global basis the resurgence of malaria, yellow fever, dengue, and other vector borne diseases indicate a need to further explore environmentally correct methods of insecticide usage. Development of other pest control fabrics is an area of high activity.
Gas Mapping LiDAR for large-area leak detection and emissions monitoring applications (2017)

We present gas mapping LiDAR that combines coherent ranging and path-integrated gas concentration measurements. Spatial scanning of the LiDAR beam produces high-quality, georegistered imagery of terrestrial scenes for precise localization and quantification of gas plumes.
MR-based attenuation correction for a whole-body sequential PET/MR system (2009)

In this paper MR-based attenuation method was implemented for a clinical whole-body PET/MR system. While awaiting future clinical evaluation, the algorithm seems promising from preliminary patient data evaluation, from both qualitative PET image quality and quantification accuracy. While the 3-segment MRAC resembles the results from short PET transmission scans, future work will be to implement and validate segmentation of more tissue classes, such as cortical bone. Robustness of MR image truncation compensation and incorporation of flexible coils need to be improved.
Radiation Resistant Polypropylene- New Developments (1993)

For health care packaging applications, polypropylene (PP) has the advantages of being nontoxic and inert to liquids and drugs. Its low cost and the ease with which it can be extruded or shaped are also important. For medical purposes, it is necessary to sterilize these materials using gamma radiation to ensure total and reliable sterility. However, gamma-irradiated polypropylene is subject to degradation or embrittlement over time. Radiation causes degradation of the polymer by direct energy transfer and subsequent ox idation. The need for radiation sterilizable plastics which are resistant to this type of degradation is important because of the increased use of gamma irra diation as a preferred sterilization method. To retard degradation in polypro pylene, it is important to control these reaction kinetics. Methods to improve polypropylene's resistance to such degradation are focused on the relationships of morphology and radiation effects. New developments in this area are dis cussed regarding methods to make PP film radiation resistant.
Metabolomics As a Tool for the Characterization of Drug-Resistant Epilepsy (2017)

In conclusion, metabolomics may represent an important tool for discovery of differences between subjects affected by epilepsy responding or resistant to therapies and for the study of its pathophysiology, optimizing the therapeutic resources and the quality of life of patients.
Driving Characteristics of a High-Efficacy AC PDP With an Auxiliary Electrode (2008)

A new driving waveform was proposed in order to stabilize the driving characteristics of a high-efficacy AC plasma-display panel (PDP) with a coplanar gap of 200 mum and an auxiliary electrode. To stabilize the reset and address discharge, an erase pulse was applied to the auxiliary electrode instead of the sustain electrode after the sustain period. The write pulse was applied to the scan electrode, and a reset discharge was induced between the scan and auxiliary electrodes. As a result, the minimum address voltage could be reduced to a level similar to that achieved with a conventional ac PDP with a coplanar gap of 80 mum. Furthermore, the address-discharge time lag of the ac PDP with a coplanar gap of 200 mum was improved to a level that is comparable with that of the ac PDP with a coplanar gap of 80 mum.
New SIP Headers for Reducing SIP Message Size (2006)

Current SIP messages are text based and inherently large, especially
when these messages are to be transmitted over the bandwidth-strained
wireless access technologies (a typical orginiating SIP Invite is
about 1200 bytes). For most wireless technologies, transmitting the
session initiation messages (such as SIP Invite) over the signaling
channel can reduce the call setup time substantially. The size
limitation of these wireless signaling channels are typically very
small (~210 bytes in the uplink and ~110 bytes in the downlink). To
address this problem, a new function called Encoding Assitant (EA) has
been introduced in the User Agent (UA) and in the SIP Proxy server
within the network. Additionally, the method provided in this document
defines new SIP option tags and headers. These new option tags and
headers allow the UA and a SIP Proxy server within the network (such
as the P-CSCF), to exchange information using the signaling channels
supported by most wireless access networks.
3D Multifunctional Ablative Thermal Protection System (2015)

NASA is developing the Orion spacecraft to carry astronauts farther into the solar system than ever before, with human exploration of Mars as its ultimate goal. One of the technologies required to enable this advanced, Apollo-shaped capsule is a 3-dimensional quartz fiber composite for the vehicle's compression pad. During its mission, the compression pad serves first as a structural component and later as an ablative heat shield, partially consumed on Earth re-entry. This presentation will summarize the development of a new 3D quartz cyanate ester composite material, 3-Dimensional Multifunctional Ablative Thermal Protection System (3D-MAT), designed to meet the mission requirements for the Orion compression pad. Manufacturing development, aerothermal (arc-jet) testing, structural performance, and the overall status of material development for the 2018 EM-1 flight test will be discussed.
Combined space time adaptive processing and multiuser detection for enhanced reverse link IS-95 CDMA reception with experimental results (2002)

We present novel approaches to reverse link signal reception in IS-95 CDMA systems that utilize space time adaptive processing (STAP), multi-user detection (MUD), and combined STAP/MUD techniques to implement receivers that are resistant to the near-far problem. We also present experimental results that were obtained by applying STAP, MUD, and combined STAP/MUD techniques to actual over-the-air collected signals. The focus of the experiment is on applications where power control is not available to the receiver, which results in a severe interference environment due to the near-far problem. In applying STAP techniques to the IS-95 reverse link, we consider the use of blind adaptive techniques to compensate for the lack of pilot reference symbols. For multiuser detection we focus on the technique known as successive interference cancellation (SIC), where signals are detected one at a time, in order of signal strength, and at each stage, higher level interfering signals are estimated, reconstructed, and subtracted out. We also explore the use of adaptive MMSE channel estimation techniques in conjunction with SIC detection, where the adaptive reconstruction filter recreates both the temporal structure of the channel as well as the frequency-spread characteristics of the signal components.
Complex barite filter cake removal using in-situ generated acids by thermochemicals (2020)

In sandstone formations, the quartz particles integrate with drilling fluid solids and become part of the filter cake structure. As a result, the dissolution rate of the filter cake diminishes and reduces the removal efficiency. This paper presents a novel solution to overcome the challenges that restricts the filter cake removal process such as the presence of the quartz layer and the polymer coat. A multi-stage method for removing the filter cake from a wellbore is presented. The composition of the new formulation is; ammonium fluoride (NH<sub>4</sub>F), with a strong oxidizer, such as sodium bromate (NaBrO<sub>3</sub>) causes an exothermic reaction in the first stage, thereby removing the quartz layer and polymer coat in the filter cake by the in-situ generated HF acid. During the second stage for the barite-based filter cake, chelating agents combined with convertor catalysts were used to dissolve the barite. Solubility experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficiency at each stage in the filter cake removal process at 300 ºF and 500 psi. The experimental results showed that the formulation consisting of ammonium fluoride (NH<sub>4</sub>F), with a strong oxidizer (sodium bromate,NaBrO<sub>3</sub>), combined with exothermic reaction was able to generate HF in-situ, which in turn dissolved the quartz mineral and remove the polymer from the filter cake.
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 2'-substituted chelocardin analogs (1979)

Chelocardin (1) was condensed with numerous hydrazines, hydrazides, and anilines, yielding 2'-substituted derivatives with antibacterial spectra similar to the parent antibiotic. The hydrazone derivatives 9 and 10 and the two anilino derivatives 42 and 44 had more in vivo antibacterial activity than chelocardin.
A detailed analysis of a resonant gate driver for PWM applications (2004)

Gate drivers generate significant losses, especially at high frequencies. While conventional solutions dissipate all the energy, resonant gate drivers partly recover it. A resonant gate driver is studied in detail with the emphasis on PWM operation. Compared to other resonant drivers, the investigated driver combines simplicity, fast switching and loss reduction. Advantages and limits are discussed using a mathematical model and a prototype.
Challenges and approaches of fabricating GaN-based green lasers (2011)

In this paper we discuss the motivation, challenges, and progress in making group-III nitride lasers emitting in the green spectral range, and compare the devices created using epitaxial structures grown on GaN substrates with c-plane (i.e. plane with (0001) crystallographic orientation) and semipolar-plane (i.e. with the plane tilted from c-plane by >;0 and <;90 degree) orientations. The different structure design choices are discussed, taking into account specific material properties and crystal growth requirements for these orientations.
Novel 3-D Spacer Textiles to Protect Crops from Insect Infestation and That Enhance Plant Growth (2022)

Pesticide-free, 3-D, spacer fabrics (Plant Armor Generation (PA Gen) 1 and 2) were investigated for proof-of-concept as an insect barrier to protect plants and improve plant agronomics for organic farming. The time to 50% penetration (TP50) for tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca (Hinds) adults in laboratory Petri dish bioassays was 30 and 175 min for PA Gen 1 and 2, respectively, and 12 min for the control (a commercially available, single layer-crop cover, Proteknet). PA Gen 2 was ≥90% resistant to penetration of unfed caterpillar neonates, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), while the TP50‘s for Gen 1 and Proteknet were 3.1 and 2.35 h, respectively. In small cage studies, PA Gen 2 covered potted cabbage plants were 100% resistant to penetration by these insects through 10 d after which the study was ended. In small field plot studies for 3 summer months, cabbage plants grew approximately twice as fast when covered versus not covered with Gen 1 and Gen 2 without the need for insecticides or herbicides. This was not observed for the control crop cover. Martindale abrasion tests demonstrated Gen 1 and 2 were at least 6- and 1.8-fold more durable than the control crop cover used. Data are also presented on percentage light, water, air, and water vapor penetration across each textile and operational temperatures and humidity for cabbage plants covered and uncovered in small field plots.
Unreliable failure detectors for reliable distributed systems (1996)

We introduce the concept of unreliable failure detectors and study how they can be used to solve Consensus in asynchronous systems with crash failures. We characterise unreliable failure detectors in terms of two properties—completeness and accuracy. We show that Consensus can be solved even with unreliable failure detectors that make an infinite number of mistakes, and determine which ones can be used to solve Consensus despite any number of crashes, and which ones require a majority of correct processes. We prove that Consensus and Atomic Broadcast are reducible to each other in asynchronous systems with crash failures; thus, the above results also apply to Atomic Broadcast. A companion paper shows that one of the failure detectors introduced here is the weakest failure detector for solving Consensus [Chandra et al. 1992].
Analytic representation of eddy current sensor data for fault diagnostics (2005)

A complex representation of eddy-current sensor data is proposed and used for the detection of blade fault conditions in turbine engines. The representation is applied to the problem of detecting synchronous vibrations using a single sensor
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Evaluation of a Novel E‐Ring Modified α‐Hydroxy Keto Ether Analogue of Camptothecin. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Implementing a high accuracy speaker-independent continuous speech recognizer on a fixed-point DSP (2002)

Continuous speech recognition is a resource-intensive algorithm. Commercial dictation software requires more than 10 Mbytes to install on the disk and 32 Mbytes RAM to run the application. A typical embedded system can not afford this much RAM because of its high cost and power consumption; it also lacks disk to store the large amount of static data (e.g. acoustic models). We have been working on optimization of a small vocabulary speech recognizer suitable for implementation on a 16-bit fixed-point DSP. This recognizer supports sophisticated continuous density, tied-mixtures Gaussians, parallel model combination, and a noise-robust utterance detection algorithm. The fixed-point version achieves the same performance as the floating-point version. The algorithm runs real-time on a 100 MHz, 16-bit, fixed-point Texas Instruments TMS320C5410 even for the most challenging continuous digit dialing with hands-free microphone in driving conditions.
Explosives simulants: Preliminary report (1992)

Two TNT high explosives simulants have been developed. Small scale testing has shown them to be insensitive to: impact, spark, friction, temperature, and shock. The materials have been scaled to 0.5 kg quantities and samples given to the Protective Services Department for field evaluation using explosives detecting canines.
An Anthradithiophene Donor Polymer for Organic Solar Cells with a Good Balance between Efficiency and Synthetic Accessibility (2022)

Over the past few years, the organic photovoltaics technology (OPV) has reached remarkable power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), mostly thanks to the advent of nonfullerene acceptors as well as to a high level of materials engineering. Yet, the complex materials syntheses behind these results ultimately limit technological readiness. The quest for scalable organic compounds offering high PCE and reasonably low synthetic complexity is a must to close the gap between laboratory R&D and commercial products. The synthesis and full characterization of a new conjugated polymer called PATTD is reported herein, based on a novel anthradithiophene as an electron‐rich building block coupled with a commercially available dithienylbenzodithiophenedione as an electron‐withdrawing comonomer. Its photovoltaic properties are studied in blends with IT‐4F and IDIC as acceptors. PATTD:IT‐4F‐based photovoltaic devices exhibit a PCE approaching 10% and over 2300 h shelf‐life stability. The PATTD scalability factor (SF), together with the PATTD‐based photovoltaic performances, lead to a PCE/SF value equal to 0.297, placing such devices into the innermost circle of OPV materials, achieving one of the best compromises between efficiency and synthetic complexity and at the same time offering promising industrial perspectives.
Multifunctional cellulase catalysis targeted by fusion to different carbohydrate-binding modules (2015)

We have shown that fusions of different CBMs to a single multifunctional GH5 catalytic domain can increase its rate of reaction with different pure polysaccharides and with pretreated biomass. This fusion approach, incorporating domains with broad specificity for binding and catalysis, provides a new avenue to improve reactivity of simple combinations of enzymes within the complexity of plant biomass.
Theoretical and Experimental Study of a New Class of Reflectionless Filter (2011)

A design methodology and equations are described for lumped-element filter prototypes having low-pass, high-pass, bandpass, or bandstop characteristics with theoretically perfect input- and output-match at all frequencies. Such filters are a useful building block in a wide variety of systems in which the highly reactive out-of-band termination presented by a conventional filter is undesirable. The filter topology is first derived from basic principles. The relative merits of several implementations and tunings are then compared via simulation. Finally, measured data on low-pass and bandpass filter examples are presented, which illustrate the practical advantages, as well as showing excellent agreement between measurement and theory.
A new needle-type colloid osmometer for continuous determination of blood oncotic pressure (1979)

For the purpose of facilitating measurement of colloid osmotic pressure of body fluids, a new needle-type colloid osmometer which uses a hollow fiber as a semipermeable membrane instead of a sheet ultrafilter was developed. The simple construction, easy production, and satisfactory performance of the osmometer are described in detail. Although hydrostatic pressure existing in the sample interfered a little with the accuracy of measurement, quickly interchangeable sensing probes brought great advantages in practice.