gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spectral fusing Gabor domain optical coherence microscopy (2016)

Gabor domain optical coherence microscopy (GD-OCM) is one of many variations of optical coherence tomography (OCT) techniques that aims for invariant high resolution across a 3D field of view by utilizing the ability to dynamically refocus the imaging optics in the sample arm. GD-OCM acquires multiple cross-sectional images at different focus positions of the objective lens, and then fuses them to obtain an invariant high-resolution 3D image of the sample, which comes with the intrinsic drawback of a longer processing time as compared to conventional Fourier domain OCT. Here, we report on an alternative Gabor fusing algorithm, the spectral-fusion technique, which directly processes each acquired spectrum and combines them prior to the Fourier transformation to obtain a depth profile. The implementation of the spectral-fusion algorithm is presented and its performance is compared to that of the prior GD-OCM spatial-fusion approach. The spectral-fusion approach shows twice the speed of the spatial-fusion approach for a spectrum size of less than 2000 point sampling, which is a commonly used spectrum size in OCT imaging, including GD-OCM.
Activity of Novispirin G10 against<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>In Vitro and in Infected Burns (2002)

The emergence of multidrug-resistant microbes has serious implications for managing infection and sepsis and has stimulated efforts to develop alternative treatments, such as antimicrobial peptides. The objective of this study was to test a designer peptide, novispirin G10, against multidrug-resistant microorganisms. By two-stage radial diffusion assays, its activity against such organisms compared favorably with that of standard antibiotics and other antimicrobial peptides. It killed bacteria very rapidly, was nonhemolytic, and was relatively noncytotoxic. The peptide induced an immediate, massive efflux of potassium from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, suggesting that it altered the permeability of its inner membrane. The presence of human serum reduced but did not eliminate its activity. We tested the in vivo activity of novispirin G10 in rats with an infected, partial-thickness burn that covered 20% of their total body surface area. The burned area was seeded with 10(6) CFU of a Silvadene-resistant P. aeruginosa strain, and 24 h later a single treatment with 0, 1, 3, or 6 mg of synthetic novispirin G10 (n = 16 at each concentration) per kg was given intradermally. Significant bacterial killing (P < 0.0001) was evident within 4 h in each peptide group compared to controls receiving vehicle. Antimicrobial peptides such as novispirin G10 may provide a useful alternative or adjunct to standard antibiotic agents in treating burns or other wound infections.
Memristor-CMOS Analog Co-Processor for Acceleration of High Performance Computing Applications (2018)

Vector matrix multiplication computation underlies major applications in machine vision, deep learning and scientific simulation. These applications require high computational speed and are run on platforms that are size, weight and power constrained. With the transistor scaling coming to an end, existing digital hardware architectures will not be able to meet this increasing demand. Analog computation with its rich set of primitives and inherent parallel architecture can be faster, more efficient and compact for some of these applications. One such primitive is a memristor-CMOS crossbar array based vector matrix multiplication. In this paper, we develop a memristor-CMOS analog co-processor architecture that can handle floating point computation. The crossbar array is based on a TaOx memristor device. To demonstrate the working of the analog co-processor at a system level, we use a new tool developed by Cadence and Mathworks called PSpice Systems Option which performs integrated co-simulation of MATLAB/Simulink and PSpice. It is shown that the analog co-processor has a superior performance when compared to other processors. Using the new PSpice Systems Option tool, various application simulations for image processing and solution to partial differential equations are performed on the analog coprocessor model.
Upconversion based continuous-wave mid-infrared detection (2013)

We present theoretical and experimental work on upconversion based mid-wavelength infrared detection using silicon detectors without the need for cryogenic cooling. We consider both multi-spectral imaging and point spectroscopy targeting several specific applications.
p-Cycles, "ring-mesh hybrids, and mining:" options for new and evolving optical transport networks (2004)

This paper gives an overview of three new concepts in which ring and mesh-like aspects are both present in the network architecture or strategy. p-Cycles yield mesh-like efficiency while retaining ring-like speed. Forcer clipping ring-mesh hybrids enhance overall capacity efficiency. Ring-mining gets valuable re-use of ring capacity while evolving to a mesh. These ideas provide operators with new options for planning or evolving optical transport networks.
DISCRN: A Distributed Storytelling Framework for Intelligence Analysis (2017)

Storytelling connects entities (people, organizations) using their observed relationships to establish meaningful storylines. This can be extended to spatiotemporal storytelling that incorporates locations, time, and graph computations to enhance coherence and meaning. But when performed sequentially these computations become a bottleneck because the massive number of entities make space and time complexity untenable. This article presents DISCRN, or distributed spatiotemporal ConceptSearch-based storytelling, a distributed framework for performing spatiotemporal storytelling. The framework extracts entities from microblogs and event data, and links these entities using a novel ConceptSearch to derive storylines in a distributed fashion utilizing key-value pair paradigm. Performing these operations at scale allows deeper and broader analysis of storylines. The novel parallelization techniques speed up the generation and filtering of storylines on massive datasets. Experiments with microblog posts such as Twitter data and Global Database of Events, Language, and Tone events show the efficiency of the techniques in DISCRN.
A Catalyst System for Durable-Press Finishing Under Mild Cure Conditions (1971)

A catalyst system effective for either precure or postcure durable-press finishing under curing mild conditions has been developed. Mixtures of ammonium chloride and phosphoric acid or certain organic acids provide adequate catalysis for finishing cotton or cotton-containing fabrics with carbamates or certain other nitrogenous agents under mild-cure con ditions. The catalyst mixtures are not as strong as the mineral acids which were originally required for mild-cure finish ing. As a result, less closely controlled curing conditions can be used. Furthermore, there is no additional strength loss if finished fabric is not immediately neutralized and washed after treatment as occurs with mineral acid catalysis. Advantage has been taken of this combination of features to propose a modified postcure durable-press finishing process. A "sensitized" material is produced by treating fabric impregnated with a cross-linking agent and catalyst mixture at 60-100°C. This material can be pressed to shape and postcured at 100°C to give fabric that is smooth and durably creased after laundering with either tumble- or line-drying. The combination of time and temperature that is operative in this postcure treatment is markedly less than that of the present, widely practiced, postcure process. The ammonium chloride/acid catalyst system also appears attractive for precure treatment of polyester/cotton blend fabrics with formaldehyde at mild-cure temperatures. Finished 50/50 polyester/cotton fabrics had durable-press ratings of 4 and above even after line-drying. Ratings of this level are generally difficult to obtain upon line-drying of synthetic- containing blends.
Encoding speech using prototype waveforms (1993)

Voiced speech is interpreted as a concentration of slowly evolving pitch-cycle waveforms. This signal can be reconstructed by interpolation from a downsampled sequence of pitch-cycle waveforms with a rate of one prototype waveform per 20-30 ms interval. The prototype waveform is described by a set of linear-prediction (LP) filter coefficients describing the formant structure and a prototype excitation waveform, quantized with analysis-by-synthesis procedures. The speech signal is reconstructed by filtering an excitation signal consisting of the concatenation of (infinitesimal) sections of the instantaneous excitation waveforms. To obtain the correct level of periodicity, the short-term and the long-term correlations between the instantaneous excitation waveforms can be controlled explicitly. Thus, distortions such as noise, reverberation, and buzziness can be prevented. The coding method is easily combined with existing LP-based speech coders, such as CELP, for unvoiced signals. Excellent voiced speech quality is obtained at rates between 3.0 and 4.0 kb/s.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Method of communicating digital speech data and a memory for storing such data (1982)

First Page
Contingent Nonlinear Model Predictive Control for Collision Imminent Steering in Uncertain Environments (2020)

A novel uncertainty based contingent model predictive control algorithm is presented for autonomous vehicles operating in uncertain environments. Nominal model predictive control relies on a model to predict future states over a horizon and hence requires accurate models and parameterization. In application, environmental conditions and parameters may be unknown or varying, posing robustness issues for model predictive control. This work presents a new selectively robust adaptive model predictive control algorithm that is applied to collision imminent steering controllers for automotive safety. In this context, uncertainties in the road coefficient of friction are estimated using unscented Kalman filtering and the controller is updated based upon the estimated uncertainties. The utility of the uncertainty based controller is demonstrated in a collision imminent steering scenario and compared to nominal deterministic model predictive control, as well as a baseline adaptive scheme. The results suggest the uncertainty based controller can improve the robustness of model predictive control by nearly 50% for deterministic model predictive control and over 10% for the baseline adaptive scheme.
Development of Miniature Magnetometers (1997)

this article, we summarize some of the highlights of the ongoing program within the Sensor Science Group of APL&apos;s Milton S. Eisenhower Research and Technology Development Center to develop novel magnetometers capable of meeting most, if not all, of the potential applications previously outlined. In particular, we describe two approaches: a magnetostrictive device based on the deflection of a Terfenol-D coated single-crystal silicon cantilever and a Lorentz-force device based on a classical xylophone resonator.
Design, modeling and fabrication of a CMOS compatible p-n junction avalanche photodiode (2013)

CMOS compatible avalanche photodiode is designed, modeled and fabricated. Calculated mean gain, avalanche breakdown voltage, excess-noise factor, as well as the measured dark-current and spectral response are reported.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Synthetic Utility of Lithium Aminoborohydrides (1996)

Lithium aminoborohydrides (LiABH3) are a new class of powerful, selective, air-stable reducing agents. LiABH3's can be prepared as solids, as 1-2M THF solutions, or generated in situ, for immediate use. LiABH3's can be synthesized from any primary or secondary amine, thus allowing control of the steric and electronic environment of these reagents. Solid LiABH3's can be handled in dry air as easily as sodium borohydride and retain their chemical activity for at least 6 months when stored under nitrogen or dry air at 25 °C. THF solutions of LiABH3's retain their chemical activity for at least 9 months when stored under N2 at 25 °C. LiABH3's are non-pyrophoric and only liberate hydrogen slowly in (or when using) protic solvents above pH 4. LiABH3's reduce aromatic and aliphatic esters in 30 minutes at 0 °C in air. Tertiary amides are selectively reduced to the corresponding amine or alcohol depending on the steric environment of the LiABH3. α,β-Unsaturated aldehydes and ketones undergo exclusive 1,2-reduction to the corresponding allylic alcohols. Aliphatic and aromatic azides are readily reduced to the corresponding primary amines using only 1.5 equivalents of LiABH3.
Stimulated biodegradation of oil slicks using oleophilic fertilizers (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStimulated biodegradation of oil slicks using oleophilic fertilizersRonald M. Atlas and Richard. BarthaCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1973, 7, 6, 538–541Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es60078a005https://doi.org/10.1021/es60078a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views373Altmetric-Citations104LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Experimental Demonstration of Soliton Transmission Over 28,000 km Using Dispersion Management (1996)

Dispersion management is a well-established means for improving the performance of nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) data transmission for optical fiber communications [1]. In these systems, dispersion management is used to avoid four-photon mixing. Recent work has demonstrated that dispersion management in soliton transmission systems is also a promising technique for improving system performance [2] – [4]. By keeping the local dispersion high and the average dispersion low, it is possible to reduce timing jitter while having sufficient pulse energy to avoid amplitude errors. We report here for the first time that it is possible to stably transmit solitons using a dispersion map in which almost all of the fiber is in the normal regime but in which the average dispersion is anomalous. Stable transmission over 28,000 km at 8 Gbit/s was experimentally observed.
Reprogramming of Notch1-induced acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells into pluripotent stem cells in mice (2016)

Somatic cells can be reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells using the reprogramming factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc, also called OSKM). The application of the iPS technology in cancers help us better understand the mechanism underlying the initiation and progression of cancer. Therefore, defining the reprogramming potential of cancer cells would provide unique opportunities to reveal epigenetic mechanisms and develop novel therapeutics for cancer. ]
High-Contrast Grating VCSELs (2009)

Recent advances in a single-layer 1-D high-index-contrast subwavelength grating structure are reviewed. Its incorporation into a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) structure enabled simple fabrication, lithographically defined polarization control and large aperture, single-transverse-mode control. Extraordinarily large fabrication tolerance is demonstrated with <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\pm20\%$</tex></formula> variation of the high-contrast grating (HCG) critical dimension. Emission wavelength of HCG-VCSEL varied 0.2% with a 40% change in lithography linewidth. Tunable VCSELs are fabricated using HCG, which led to a 8000 times reduction in the tunable mirror size and 160 times improved tuning speed of 63 ns. This configuration will open the door for a wide spectrum of optoelectronic devices in large wavelength regimes.
Cellulose as a Source of Water Dispersible Renewable Film-Forming Materials (2015)

Cellulose is found to be a good source of waterborne film-forming materials when modified with the correct type and level of functional groups. The modification of cellulose to incorporate high levels of levulinic functionality and other C2–C6 alkyl esters is reported for the first time. The levulinyl-functionalized cellulose is readily modified to produce oxime or acylhydrazone derivatives, which is particularly useful to fine-tune the physical characteristics of the cellulose ester. This includes the glass transition temperature of the cellulose esters, their ability to produce fine uniform colloidal particles in aqueous media and ultimately provide the principle film-forming component of an architectural coating. The process has been demonstrated at the 500 g level suggesting ready scalability. Lewis acids and Lewis acid-assisted Brønsted acids are employed for the first time in such chemistry, and together with sulfur-based Brønsted acids are all found to be effective catalysts for the esterification of cellulose to produce mixed ester systems. The Lewis acid catalysts demonstrate exceptional activity and produce high molecular weight cellulose derivatives.
Efficiency of a continuous height distribution model of sunscreen film geometry to predict a realistic sun protection factor. (2004)

Irregularities in the geometry of sunscreen films spread on rough areas, like skin, is often presented as being the main cause of the degree of UV absorption achieved by the UV filters that are inside. Until now, only the step film, a model invented by O'Neill, was simple enough to calculate UV data close to in vitro experimental data, after determination of a limited number of fraction areas with their corresponding thickness. However, such models are obviously too simple to represent a real situation. In the present work, more complex distributions of film thickness were calculated, with an infinite number of individual heights. Realistic models were achieved via a probability function. The consequences for UV absorption were deduced, and the calculated UV data were compared to experimental in vitro data on sunscreen products measured after being spread on a roughened PMMA substrate. The latter substrate was previously selected for its ability to achieve a good correlation with in vivo SPF. An optimized version of the continuous mathematical model was finally determined in order to achieve UV curves, similar in shape and intensity to the experimental ones. The latter model can be used to predict realistic SPF values.
The architecture and programming of the Ametek series 2010 multicomputer (1988)

During the period following the completion of the Cosmic Cube experiment [1], and while commercial descendants of this first-generation multicomputer (message-passing concurrent computer) were spreading through a community that includes many of the attendees of this conference, members of our research group were developing a set of ideas about the physical design and programming for the second generation of medium-grain multicomputers.
Urethane foams from animal fats: VII. Reaction of epoxidized tallow with trimethylolpropane and TMP‐HBr (1974)

Abstract Polyols of higher hydroxyl content than previously obtained from tallow were prepared for use in urethane foams. Epoxidized tallow was caused to react with trimethylolpropane with catalysis by p‐toluenesulfonic acid (2%). Reaction at 120 C in toluene gave best results. Alcoholysis occurred both at oxirane and at glyceride linkages, the latter reaction conferring hydroxyl functionality even on nonepoxidized glyceride units. Hydroxyl content of polyol products increased with the functional ratio of the reaction mixture, that is, the molar ratio of OH available from trimethylolpropane to oxirane plus ester from tallow. To provide fire retardant polyols, epoxidized tallow was caused to react with trimethylolpropane and gaseous HBr, best at 80 C in benzene. Examined by thin layer chromatography, the polyols showed polarities in the range of mono‐and diglycerides.
Distributed Cross Layer Congestion Control for Real-Time Video over WLAN (2008)

We propose a distributed cross-layer congestion control algorithm that provides enhanced QoS and reliable operation for real-time uplink video over WiFi applications. Such applications are characterized by many wireless devices transmitting video at various PHY rates over a relatively congested channel. Unfortunately, today's off-the-shelf 802.11 equipment can be easily demonstrated to suffer catastrophic failure when subject to these conditions - let alone provide acceptable perceptual quality to the user. We show that in order to remedy these issues, it is preferred to use a cross-layer approach rather than a single-layer approach. The idea is to use a fast frame-by-frame control loop in the MAC layer while simultaneously exploiting the powerful control-loop gain attainable by performing source-rate adaptation in the APP layer. We support the proposed algorithm through both simulation and experimentation.
Creep Rupture Ductility of Creep Strength Enhanced Ferritic Steels (2012)

Creep rupture strength and ductility of creep strength enhanced ferritic steels of Grades 23, 91, 92, and 122 was investigated with particular emphasis on remarkable drop in the long-term. Large difference in creep rupture strength and ductility was observed on three heats of Grade 23 steels. Remarkable drop of creep rupture strength in the long-term of T91 was comparable to those of Grades 92 and 122. Remarkable drop in creep rupture ductility in a stress regime below 50% of 0.2% offset yield stress was observed on Grade T23 steel, however, that of Grade P23 steel did not indicate any degradation of creep rupture ductility. Higher creep rupture ductility of Grade P23 steel was considered to be caused by its lower creep strength than that of T23 steels. Creep rupture ductility of Grades 92 and 122 steels indicated rapid and drastic decrease with decrease in stress at 50% of 0.2% offset yield stress. Stress dependence of creep rupture ductility of Grades 92 and 122 steels was well described by a ratio of stress to 0.2% offset yield stress, regardless of temperature. On the other hand, large drop in creep rupture ductility of Grade 91 steel was observed only in the very low-stress regime at 650 °C. Alloying elements including impurities and changes in precipitates may influence on creep rupture ductility, however, remarkable drop in ductility of the steels cannot be explained by chemical composition and precipitates. High ductility in the high-stress regime above 50% of 0.2% offset yield stress should be provided by easy plastic deformation, and it has been concluded that a remarkable drop in ductility in the low-stress regime is derived from a concentration of creep deformation into a tiny recovered region formed at the vicinity of grain boundary.