gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New techniques for tennis ball motion tracking (2016)

Since tennis became a professional sport in 1968, high levels of discussion have occurred regarding the presence of human error in line calls and ways to mitigate these errors. While many solutions have been produced in order to provide rulings where players doubt decisions made by linesmen, no solution to date has provided an affordable and accurate solution that is feasible at all levels of professional tennis. During the research period for this thesis, the literature showed that tennis balls would potentially leave a significant heat signature on the tennis court, which could potentially be detected by thermal imaging in order to determine whether a ball had landed on our outside of the line. The literature indicated that a typical tennis bounce across a tennis carpet surface could produce a 4.8 K temperature change across the mark of the bounce.Experimental testing was completed on a full size tennis court, with tennis balls fired under controlled conditions from a ball machine. A FLIR One thermal camera was used to image the heat transfer across the surface of the court, accurate to 0.1K. The experimental testing demonstrated a proof of concept for the use of the technology, with a small subset of the thermal images showing the existence of thermal transfer resulting from the bounce of the ball against the court surface. However, the majority of the results showed no results, which could have been the result of human error leading to the mark not being captured within the image frame, or through the thermal transfer being of a magnitude that is too low for the sensor to capture. A theoretical model, verified against experiments presented in the literature, demonstrated that the magnitude of thermal transfer was lower than expected and too low for the FLIR One camera to detect. Based on common ball flight trajectories in professional tennis, the testing rig was shown by the theoretical model to be incapable of detecting thermal marks for a significant proportion of flight trajectories, including those tested in earlier.A full-scale system is marginally viable, requiring further testing with high-resolution cameras. Two HRXCAM-2048 cameras placed above the court would be able to match the accuracy of the current Hawk-eye system, while reducing the cost of the system by approximately 66%. A limitation of the system is the high sensitivity required to measure the change in temperature and the potential noise in the raw data due to the natural variance in temperature across the court surface. A data processing technique has therefore been proposed which would involve calculating the derivative of the temperature between each time step, which would isolate the bounce marks, given stable ambient conditions.
Misspelling Oblivious Word Embeddings (2019)

Aleksandra Piktus, Necati Bora Edizel, Piotr Bojanowski, Edouard Grave, Rui Ferreira, Fabrizio Silvestri. Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Volume 1 (Long and Short Papers). 2019.
Blue-Emitting Soluble Poly(<i>m</i>-phenylenevinylene) Derivatives (2001)

Soluble poly(m-phenylenevinylene) derivatives (4) were synthesized via Wittig−Horner reaction. The number-average degree of polymerization was estimated to be around 25−35. On the basis of FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra, the olefins in the polymers were confirmed to be predominantly in the trans-configuration. A model compound, 3,5-distyryl-4-hexyloxytoluene (5), was also synthesized to aid the structural characterization. Comparison of photoabsorption and emission characteristics between 4 and 5 indicated that the m-phenylene effectively interrupted the conjugation, allowing predictable color control in the π-conjugated polymers. At low temperature, the fluorescence of 4 was readily resolved into two peaks, suggesting the predominant emissions were from 0−1 and 0−2 transitions. Polymers 4 were found to be highly luminescent in both solution and film states. LED devices using 4 gave blue EL output (emission λmax at 445 and 462 nm).
Dispersion compensation of 100-Gbit/s optical-fiber transmission by using a chirped-fiber-grating transmission filter (1995)

The past years have seen considerable efforts directed toward the production of intracore, chirped, fiber Bragg reflectors,1 with particular emphasis on applications in dispersion correction in long-distance2 and in short-distance/very-high-capacity optical communications. Several techniques for the production of chirped fiber gratings have been developed (see Ref. 3 and references therein). Here we report the application to dispersion correction of a simple yet novel low-insertion-loss, polarization-independent, all-fiber transmission filter incorporating chirped Bragg reflectors.
Machine Learning Assisted High-Definition Map Creation (2018)

In recent years, autonomous driving technologies have attracted broad and enormous interests from both academia and industry and are under rapid development. High-Definition (HD) Maps are widely used as an indispensable component of an autonomous vehicle system by researchers and practitioners. HD Maps are digital maps that contain highly precise, fresh and comprehensive geometric information as well as semantics of the road network and surrounding environment. They provide critical inputs to almost all other components of autonomous vehicle systems, including localization, perception, prediction, motion planning, vehicle control etc. Traditionally, it is very laborious and costly to build HD Maps, requiring a significant amount of manual annotation work. In this paper, we first introduce the characteristics and layers of HD Maps; then we provide a formal summary of the workflow of HD Map creation; and most importantly, we present the machine learning techniques being used by the industry to minimize the amount of manual work in the process of HD Map creation.
Creating Robust Supervised Classifiers via Web-Scale N-Gram Data (2010)

In this paper, we systematically assess the value of using web-scale N-gram data in state-of-the-art supervised NLP classifiers. We compare classifiers that include or exclude features for the counts of various N-grams, where the counts are obtained from a web-scale auxiliary corpus. We show that including N-gram count features can advance the state-of-the-art accuracy on standard data sets for adjective ordering, spelling correction, noun compound bracketing, and verb part-of-speech disambiguation. More importantly, when operating on new domains, or when labeled training data is not plentiful, we show that using web-scale N-gram features is essential for achieving robust performance.
Pharmacokinetics of remdesivir and GS-441524 in two critically ill patients who recovered from COVID-19 (2020)

We report the first pharmacokinetic evaluation of remdesivir and GS-441524 in recovered COVID-19 patients. Further study of the pharmacokinetic profile of remdesivir, GS-441524 and the intracellular triphosphate form are required.
Building a user sensitive intelligent portal to breast cancer knowledge to meet diverse information needs (2016)

The Internet provides access to a plethora of information, with health information being no exception. Portals for guiding users seeking health knowledge are proliferating. A major challenge in their development is filtering the information available in a user-sensitive way. The Breast Cancer Knowledge Online (BCKOnline) project addresses the challenge of meeting the diverse information needs of women with breast cancer and their families through the provision of timely, relevant and reliable information to support decision-making. This paper focuses on how the outcomes of user needs analysis and user-aware resource description will feed into building an intelligent portal prototype to breast cancer knowledge.<br>Presented at: 13th Australasian Conference on Information Systems; 2002 Dec 4-6; Melbourne, Australia. p. 685-697.
Laser crossing in thin-film GaAs for all-optical computing realizations (2005)

Photonic THz laser digitizing with thin-film GaAs on glass is demonstrated. In fact, the GaAs/glass interface can be used for an effective all-optical digitizer (35%) of transmitted and reflected laser beams. The films have been formed with pulsed-laser deposition. The switching principle is extremely straightforward: two (or more) laser rays were crossed at the same spot on the interface. Most of the experiments have been carried out with red (read) and green (write) laser rays. The information of the write beam is transferred to the read beam by means of alteration of the electronic state of the interface. Pump-probe experiments revealed that the absorption change, i.e., the alteration of the electronic state, takes place within a few picoseconds. Therefore, logic operations in the THz range become feasible. In addition, NOR and NAND gate realizations with laser crossing are possible. Besides the formation of smart all-optical cross-links, all-optical computing is further application of laser crossing. Based on the unmatched simplicity of the switch realization, switching speed, and the fairly low material quality demands, laser crossing in thin-film GaAs has the potential to be used in future optical networks. This work further stresses the hybrid mode with laser crossing in thin-film GaAs/glass interfaces.
Multivariate prediction and background correction using local modeling and derivative spectroscopy (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMultivariate prediction and background correction using local modeling and derivative spectroscopyTerje V. Karstang and Olav. KvalheimCite this: Anal. Chem. 1991, 63, 8, 767–772Publication Date (Print):April 15, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 April 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00008a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00008a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views220Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Design and Experiment Study of a New Thermoelectric Cooling Helmet (2017)

This paper designs a new cooling helmet which is cooled by thermoelectric refrigeration with the combination cooling of air and water, thus achieving the simultaneous cooling of the human head and neck. The cooling helmet is experimentally studied by using the environment simulation device and the self-made thermal manikin to simulate the cooling effect of different environment and human body cooling conditions, such as environmental temperature, input power, fan speed and circulating water velocity, on the helmet. The results show that the environmental temperature has a significant influence on the helmet cooling characteristics. The helmet can meet the cooling requirement under the high temperature environment by adjusting the helmet operation parameters.
Interactions among Carbon Dioxide, Heat, and Chemical Lures in Attracting the Bed Bug,<i>Cimex lectularius</i>L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) (2012)

Commercial bed bug ( Cimex lectularius L.) monitors incorporating carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), heat, and chemical lures are being used for detecting bed bugs; however, there are few reported studies on the effectiveness of chemical lures in bed bug monitors and the interactions among chemical lure, CO 2 , and heat. We screened 12 chemicals for their attraction to bed bugs and evaluated interactions among chemical lures, CO 2 , and heat. The chemical lure mixture consisting of nonanal, 1-octen-3-ol, spearmint oil, and coriander Egyptian oil was found to be most attractive to bed bugs and significantly increased the trap catches in laboratory bioassays. Adding this chemical lure mixture when CO 2 was present increased the trap catches compared with traps baited with CO 2 alone, whereas adding heat did not significantly increase trap catches when CO 2 was present. Results suggest a combination of chemical lure and CO 2 is essential for designing effective bed bug monitors.
Modulation of microRNA function by synthetic ribozymes (2010)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are now recognized as one of the major class of gene regulatory molecules in eukaryotic cells. Aberrant miRNA expression has been implicated in many human diseases. Herein, we exploit the site-specific cleavage ability of hammerhead ribozymes to design synthetic ribozymes and establish that they can cleave miRNA, thereby inhibiting miRNA function. We also used modified ribozymes where a 3'-3'-linked nucleotide "cap" (inverted T) was added and few ribonucleotides were changed to 2'-O-methyl nucleotides. The modified ribozyme was more efficient at inhibiting miR-21 than the wild type ribozyme.
Attenuation of Driveline Vibrations through Tuning of Propeller Shaft Liners (2011)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The installation of various liners into the propeller shaft tube is a traditional driveline NVH treatment to attenuate driveline vibration. The most commonly used liners include rolled paper, C-cut cardboard, corrugated cardboard, etc. These traditional liner treatments are expected to provide damping to the driveline system to reduce the vibration levels. However their added level of damping and effectiveness to the driveline system are limited, particularly when dealing with driveline gear mesh vibration and noise.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper presents a novel type of liner treatment - tunable liners. The liner is designed such that it functions as a tuned dynamic vibration absorber. Through proper design of the liner, it can be tuned for bending and torsion modes at the same time. The liner design parameters and their impact on the frequency tuning are analyzed and studied through both physical testing and FEA analysis. Optimization of liner length and its placement location inside the tube is also discussed. Physical validation tests at both driveline subsystem and vehicle levels are presented that demonstrate superior performance of the liner including significant reduction of driveline gear mesh vibration and noise without the mass increase of traditional liners. Suitable applications and inherent limitations of these tunable liners are also discussed.</div></div>
Dendritic Cells: Activation and Maturation - Applications for Cancer Immunotherapy (2005)

There is an increasing number of studies utilizing dendritic cell (DC) based therapies for cancer. With a powerful antigen-presentation capability, DCs have the potential to overcome tumor tolerance and induce anti-tumor immunity, when loaded with tumor antigens. In order to optimize this approach, methods have aimed to enhance immunopotency of therapeutic DCs. A thorough understanding of DC immunobiology would accelerate this process and provide advantageous procedures to increase anti-tumor responses. This review contains an analysis of recent advances on DC subsets, phenotypic characterization, localization, surface receptors and their ligands. The events of immune induction via DCs, involving initial recognition and uptake of antigens, migration, subsequent activation and maturation are revisited. Furthermore, the current methods used for DC-based cancer immunotherapy, including DCs pulsed with tumor antigens in forms of DNA, RNA, peptides, proteins and lysates, or DCs fused with tumor cells are summarized. Respective preclinical and clinical trials are in progress and hold promise for developing effective cancer vaccines.
Enabling the Environment for Private Sector Investment: Impact on Food Security and Poverty (2021)

Abstract Millions of people worldwide live in extreme poverty, which has an adverse effect on global food security. Research shows that growth in the agricultural labor sector has twice the impact on poverty compared to growth in other labor sectors. To that end, we examine some of the enabling factors of private sector investment to increase food security and reduce poverty: innovative output, intellectual property rights innovation, gender-sensitive land tenure, creation of new businesses, openness to trade, government institutional flexibility, access to credit, inclusion of new sectors, income diversification, public-private partnerships, infrastructure improvements, payments for eco-system services, and climate-smart innovation. Developing policies that improve food security will help to reduce poverty.
Sensitivity Testing in Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Rectal Capsaicin Stimulations: Role of TRPV1 Upregulation and Sensitization in Visceral Hypersensitivity? (2013)

IBS patients with VH to rectal distension reveal increased pain perception to rectal application of capsaicin, as well as an increased anxiety response. No evidence for TRPV1 upregulation could be demonstrated. As both VH and anxiety are independently associated with increased pain perception to rectal capsaicin application, our data suggest that both peripheral and central factors are involved, with increased receptor sensitivity as a speculative possibility.
Upper and lower limits of human skin electrical resistance in lontophoresis (1993)

Abstract The time‐dependent electrical resistance of human cadaver skin was shown to be bound by an upper limit at equilibrium and a lower limit at steady state. The time to reach steady state from any initial condition by applying a current was much shorter than the recovery to equilibrium, due to different driving forces. The ratio of the equilibrium to the solution resistances increased with the salt concentration in free solution. This equilibrium relative resistance was sensitive to skin variability, primarily due to its dependence on porosity and pore geometry. A model was developed relating the equilibrium relative resistance to the structural properties of skin. The estimated pore radius of 25 × 10 −10 m from the equilibrium resistance data is consistent with the average pore radius of human skin reported in the literature. In contrast, the steady‐state resistance could be several orders of magnitude lower than the equilibrium resistance and depended on current density and salt concentration but not on the history of prior exposures of a skin sample to a current. This difference can greatly reduce the power requirement for iontophoresis and can make this technology more practical. A linear relationship was found between the logarithm of the steady‐state relative resistance (skin/solution resistances) and the logarithm of the current density divided by the salt concentration. The slope of −0.65 was in excellent agreement with the theoretical slope of −2/3 that was derived for the convective transport of ions in a charged pore under a constant current.
Buck-type hybrid inverter drive (2002)

The operation of the buck-type hybrid inverter drive during steady state and also during output short-circuit fault conditions is described. The step-up action of the inverter bridge, combined with the step-down action of the buck stage, allows the DC-rail voltage to be regulated at levels above the rectified supply voltage. This is possible even during periods of supply voltage fluctuations. The drive DC-link allows protection to be obtained against short circuit faults such as line-line and line-ground faults. Simulation results are used to illustrate the drive operation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Overproduction of TNF-α by CD8+ Type 1 Cells and Down-Regulation of IFN-γ Production by CD4+ Th1 Cells Contribute to Toxic Shock-Like Syndrome in an Animal Model of Fatal Monocytotropic Ehrlichiosis (2004)

Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis (HME) is an emerging, life-threatening, infectious disease caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis, an obligate intracellular bacterium that lacks cell wall LPS. We have previously developed an animal model of severe HME using a strain of Ehrlichia isolated from Ixodes ovatus ticks (IOE). To understand the basis of susceptibility to severe monocytotropic ehrlichiosis, we compared low and high doses of the highly virulent IOE strain and the less virulent Ehrlichia muris strain that are closely related to E. chaffeensis in C57BL/6 mice. Lethal infections caused by high or low doses of IOE were accompanied by extensive liver damage, extremely elevated levels of TNF-alpha in the serum, high frequency of Ehrlichia-specific, TNF-alpha-producing CD8(+) T cells in the spleen, decreased Ehrlicha-specific CD4(+) T cell proliferation, low IL-12 levels in the spleen, and a 40-fold decrease in the number of IFN-gamma-producing CD4(+) Th1 cells. All groups contained negligible numbers of IL-4-producing cells in the spleen. Transfer of Ehrlichia-specific polyclonal Abs and IFN-gamma-producing Ehrlichia-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) type 1 cells protected naive mice against lethal IOE challenge. Interestingly, infection with high dose E. muris provided protection against rechallenge with a lethal dose of IOE. Cross-protection was associated with substantial expansion of IFN-gamma-producing CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells, but not TNF-alpha-producing CD8(+) T cells, a high titer of IgG2a, and a low serum level of TNF-alpha. In conclusion, uncontrolled TNF-alpha production by CD8(+) T cells together with a weak CD4(+) Th1 cell response are associated with immunopathology and failure to clear IOE in the fatal model of HME.
Countering Voltage Decay and Capacity Fading of Lithium‐Rich Cathode Material at 60 °C by Hybrid Surface Protection Layers (2015)

Li‐rich layered metal oxides have attracted much attention for their high energy density but still endure severe capacity fading and voltage decay during cycling, especially at elevated temperature. Here, facile surface treatment of Li 1.17 Ni 0.17 Co 0.17 Mn 0.5 O 2 (0.4Li 2 MnO 3 ·0.6LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 ) spherical cathode material is designed to address these drawbacks by hybrid surface protection layers composed of Mg 2+ pillar and Li‐Mg‐PO 4 layer. As a result, the surface coated Li‐rich cathode material exhibits much enhanced cycling stability at 60 °C, maintaining 72.6% capacity retention (180 mAh g −1 ) between 3.0 and 4.7 V after 250 cycles. More importantly, 88.7% average discharge voltage retention can be obtained after the rigorous cycle test. The strategy developed here with novel hydrid surface protection effect can provide a vital approach to inhibit the undesired side reactions and structural deterioration of Li‐rich cathode materials and may also be useful for other layered oxides to increase their cycling stability at elevated temperature.