gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Characteristics Adjustment Method of Recycled Powder-Type Magnetic Wood for Use as a Building Material (2012)

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the electromagnetic wave absorption characteristics of powder-type magnetic wood by changing the mixing ratios for the Mn-Zn ferrite and Ni-Zn ferrite powder. The results show that the matching frequency of the electromagnetic wave absorption characteristics can be controlled by changing the mixing ratios of the magnetic materials and the thickness of the board. We obtained electromagnetic wave absorption of close to 20 dB over the 2.5 GHz-6.2 GHz frequency range. The powder-type magnetic wood boards used in these experiments satisfy JIS standards for wood surface materials in terms of bending strength and deflection. The results from our studies can be used to design indoor powder-type magnetic wood wave absorbers for a specified absorption frequency.
Adaptive filtering of television interference in low frequency SAR (2004)

The paper develops a number of nearly non-destructive television interference mitigation techniques for low frequency SAR. The presentation discusses both analog and digital TV interference. The different techniques exploit the temporal behaviour, characteristic of the different modulation forms of the television signal, as well as the freedom of the radar to use waveforms and transmit receive patterns, which adapt to the interference modulation.
Secure MIMO-SVD Communications Against Eavesdroppers With Any Number of Antennas (2020)

Physical layer security (PLS) provides strong and lightweight secure communications for vehicle networks, which has attracted great attention. However, current schemes cannot defend against the passive eavesdroppers with any number of antennas. To fill this gap, we propose a physical layer secure MIMO-SVD (singular value decomposition) communication scheme (SSVD) to defend against such an eavesdropper with any number of antennas. In the SSVD scheme, the confidential information first goes through a special data frames secure process at the transmitter. After that, by integrating with SSVD precoding, the key information is attached and delivered in the combination of activated/non-activated MIMO parallel sub-channels of the legitimate receiver through the wireless channel. Due to the uniqueness and independence of wireless channel, only the legitimate receiver can observe the key information and use it to “decrypt” (XOR) the confidential information step by step with an arbitrary low BER (bit error rate). However, for any other eavesdropper who suffers an independent channel from legitimate users, the eavesdropper cannot obtain any key information from the received signals, regardless of how many antennas he/she has. Consequently, the eavesdropper cannot “decrypt” any information about the confidential information. The SSVD security and reliability are theoretically analyzed, and the simulation and numerical results fully verified its validity and effectiveness.
<title>Content-based image classification</title> (1999)

The effective classification of the contents of an image allows us to adopt the most appropriate strategies for image enhancement, color processing, compression, and rendering. We address here the problem of distinguishing photographs from graphics and texts purely on the basis of low-level feature analysis. The preliminary results of our experimentation are reported.
Prediction of Liver Transplant Rejection With a Biologically Relevant Gene Expression Signature (2021)

We have developed a blood-based biologically relevant biomarker that can be detected before AR-associated graft injury distinct from LTR never developing AR. Given its high NPV ("rule out AR"), the biomarker has the potential to inform precision-guided immunosuppression minimization in LTRs.
Quantitative Characterization of Glycan-Receptor Binding of H9N2 Influenza A Virus Hemagglutinin (2013)

Avian influenza subtypes such as H5, H7 and H9 are yet to adapt to the human host so as to establish airborne transmission between humans. However, lab-generated reassorted viruses possessing hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes from an avian H9 isolate and other genes from a human-adapted (H3 or H1) subtype acquired two amino acid changes in HA and a single amino acid change in NA that confer respiratory droplet transmission in ferrets. We previously demonstrated for human-adapted H1, H2 and H3 subtypes that quantitative binding affinity of their HA to α2→6 sialylated glycan receptors correlates with respiratory droplet transmissibility of the virus in ferrets. Such a relationship remains to be established for H9 HA. In this study, we performed a quantitative biochemical characterization of glycan receptor binding properties of wild-type and mutant forms of representative H9 HAs that were previously used in context of reassorted viruses in ferret transmission studies. We demonstrate here that distinct molecular interactions in the glycan receptor-binding site of different H9 HAs affect the glycan-binding specificity and affinity. Further we show that α2→6 glycan receptor-binding affinity of a mutant H9 HA carrying Thr-189→Ala amino acid change correlates with the respiratory droplet transmission in ferrets conferred by this change. Our findings contribute to a framework for monitoring the evolution of H9 HA by understanding effects of molecular changes in HA on glycan receptor-binding properties.
Interferometric Metrology for Sub-90-nm Node Phase-Shifting Photomasks (2005)

A variety of phase‐shifting photomask technologies are being developed to meet the challenges of sub‐0.3 k1, 193‐nm exposure wavelength photolithography. Each technology shares a common requirement for successful implementation: precise photomask characterization and cross‐reticle phase control. A rapid, non‐contact method for precision phase metrology at small (sub‐1 μm) feature scales is urgently needed. This paper describes a recently‐developed phase metrology architecture that combines high‐resolution optical microscopy with actinic, phase‐coherent optical probes to facilitate optical path difference (OPD) measurements of isolated or dense features on a sub‐200‐nm spatial scale. This new architecture is suitable for OPD metrology on embedded‐attenuator, alternating‐aperture, and chromeless phase lithography (CPL) phase‐shifting technologies. We describe preliminary imaging and phase metrology results on a 65‐nm‐node CPL reticle and a 90‐nm‐node EAPSM reticle. The microscope features a solid‐state 5‐kHz repetition rate, 193.4 nm actinic laser light source in conjunction with high‐numerical‐aperture (0.75 NA) optics to provide 200X magnification, 150‐nm Rayleigh resolution and 35‐nm pixel size over a 30‐micron image field.
Continuous particle separation in a microfluidic channel via standing surface acoustic waves (SSAW) (2009)

This work introduces a method of continuous particle separation through standing surface acoustic wave (SSAW)-induced acoustophoresis in a microfluidic channel. Using this SSAW-based method, particles in a continuous laminar flow can be separated based on their volume, density and compressibility. In this work, a mixture of particles of equal density but dissimilar volumes was injected into a microchannel through two side inlets, sandwiching a deionized water sheath flow injected through a central inlet. A one-dimensional SSAW generated by two parallel interdigital transducers (IDTs) was established across the channel, with the channel spanning a single SSAW pressure node located at the channel center. Application of the SSAW induced larger axial acoustic forces on the particles of larger volume, repositioning them closer to the wave pressure node at the center of the channel. Thus particles were laterally moved to different regions of the channel cross-section based on particle volume. The particle separation method presented here is simple and versatile, capable of separating virtually all kinds of particles (regardless of charge/polarization or optical properties) with high separation efficiency and low power consumption.
Poly(butylene terephthalate) based novel achiral stationary phase investigated under supercritical fluid chromatography conditions (2018)

Poly(butylene terephthalate) based novel stationary phase (SP), composed of planar aromatic phenyl group together with ester group monomer units, was designed for supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) use. As expected from its structure, this phase shows planarity recognition of isomeric aromatics and closely similar compounds. Interestingly, for most analytes, the retention behavior of this SP is significantly distinct from that of the 2-ethylpyridine based SPs which is among the most well-known SFC dedicated phases. Although the poly(butylene terephthalate) is coated on silica gel, the performance of the column did not change by using extended range modifiers such as THF, dichloromethane or ethyl acetate and column robustness was confirmed by cycle durability testing.
An effective data processing workflow for broadband single-sensor single-source land seismic data (2020)

Abstract Examples of raw and processed broadband single-sensor single-source land seismic data acquired in the Middle East region have been found to be significantly noisy, and very low-frequency signal has been either missing or unrecoverable. In response, an effective and pragmatic processing workflow has been developed that substantially improves the quality of the final processed data, to the extent where we can say that original survey objectives can be met. The new workflow includes early deterministic deconvolution for a number of filtering effects in the recorded signal wavelet, with the aim of flattening the signal wavelet amplitude spectrum over the vibroseis sweep frequencies and zeroing the wavelet phase. This includes the key innovative step of converting the recorded particle motion to that of the vibroseis far-field signal, those respectively being particle acceleration and particle displacement. This significantly boosts low-frequency amplitudes relative to higher frequencies such that it becomes possible to deterministically compensate for earth's absorption using a large gain limit with less concern for overamplifying high-frequency noise. An application of a source designature compensates for the nonflat design of the pilot sweep, further increasing signal amplitudes over the low-frequency ramp-up portion of the sweep. With the flattened signal spectrum, it is possible to better assess trace noise characteristics across the full bandwidth and perform better QC for its removal. Subsequent statistical deconvolution becomes more of a correction for residual effects on the signal wavelet, and the use of trace supergrouping further mitigates the effect of noise on statistical deconvolution and other data-adaptive processes.
Protein mimetic amyloid inhibitor potently abrogates cancer-associated mutant p53 aggregation and restores tumor suppressor function (2021)

Missense mutations in p53 are severely deleterious and occur in over 50% of all human cancers. The majority of these mutations are located in the inherently unstable DNA-binding domain (DBD), many of which destabilize the domain further and expose its aggregation-prone hydrophobic core, prompting self-assembly of mutant p53 into inactive cytosolic amyloid-like aggregates. Screening an oligopyridylamide library, previously shown to inhibit amyloid formation associated with Alzheimer's disease and type II diabetes, identified a tripyridylamide, ADH-6, that abrogates self-assembly of the aggregation-nucleating subdomain of mutant p53 DBD. Moreover, ADH-6 targets and dissociates mutant p53 aggregates in human cancer cells, which restores p53's transcriptional activity, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Notably, ADH-6 treatment effectively shrinks xenografts harboring mutant p53, while exhibiting no toxicity to healthy tissue, thereby substantially prolonging survival. This study demonstrates the successful application of a bona fide small-molecule amyloid inhibitor as a potent anticancer agent.
Stateless IP header compression (2005)

With the wireless and mobile access to the Internet growing, compression of Internet protocol (IP) headers is seen as crucial to maximally utilize scarce wireless bandwidth. The traditional IP compression schemes rely on consistent per-flow state in order to perform header compression. While these approaches focus on compression gain, i.e., the reduction in the number of header bytes as a percentage of the total packet size, the overhead is the cost of managing state per each unidirectional flow. In this document, we present a new header compression scheme with the emphasis on reducing or even eliminating the state, perhaps at the cost of reduced compression gain compared to the existing methods. We make use of existing route table information in order to achieve the state reduction. The net result is that significant compression gain can be achieved at a greatly reduced cost of maintaining and managing per-flow state information. This could be especially beneficial for short-lived flows.
Regiospecific and Highly Stereoselective Coupling of 6-(Substituted-imidazol-1-yl)purines with 2-Deoxy-3,5-di-<i>O</i>-(<i>p</i>-toluoyl)-α-<scp>d</scp>-<i>e</i><i>rythro</i>-pentofuranosyl Chloride. Sodium-Salt Glycosylation in Binary Solvent Mixtures:  Improved Synthesis of Cladribine<sup>1</sup> (2006)

Glycosylation of 6-(substituted-imidazol-1-yl)purine sodium salts with 2-deoxy-3,5-di-O-(p-toluoyl)-alpha-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl chloride proceeds with regiospecific formation of the N9 isomers. Base substrates with lipophilic substituents on the C6-linked imidazole moiety are more soluble in organic solvents, and the solubility is further increased with binary solvent mixtures. Selective solvation also diminishes the extent of anomerization of the chlorosugar. Stirred reaction mixtures of the modified-purine sodium salts generated in a polar solvent and cooled solutions of the protected 2-deoxysugar chloride in a nonpolar solvent give 2'-deoxynucleoside derivatives with N9 regiochemistry and enhanced beta/alpha configuration ratios. Application of the binary-solvent methodology with 2-chloro-6-(substituted-imidazol-1-yl)purine salts in cold acetonitrile and the chlorosugar in cold dichloromethane gives essentially quantitative yields of the N9 isomers of beta-anomeric 2'-deoxynucleoside intermediates. Direct ammonolysis (NH(3)/MeOH) of such intermediates or benzylation of the imidazole ring followed by milder ammonolysis of the imidazolium salt gives high yields of the clinical anticancer drug cladribine (2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine).
Nitrite molten salt for use in intermediate temperature lithium cells (1983)

The LiNO/sub 2/-KNO/sub 2/ (40-50 m/o) molten salt, which melts at 120/sup 0/C, has been employed as an electrolyte in intermediate temperature lithium cells. The behavior of solid lithium in this electrolyte is analogous to the behavior of lithium in the similar intermediate temperature alkali nitrate electrolyte. Lithium reacts with the melt to form a thin, lithium ion conducting, protective layer which is believed to be Li/sub 2/O. The electrolyte is electrochemically reduced below 1.9 volts versus Li/sup +//Li, and is oxidized to lithium metal and NO/sub 2/ gas above 3.5 volts versus Li/sup +//Li. This electrolyte can be used in secondary cells with lithium or high lithium activity negative electrodes, and lower lithium activity positive electrodes which react reversibly with lithium. The resistance of the protective layer on lithium increases with time as the thickness increases. Its resistance is of the order of 1-10 ohms after 10 hours at 150/sup 0/C.
A Test Structure for Characterizing Local Device Mismatches (2006)

We present a test structure for statistical characterization of local device mismatches. The structure contains densely populated SRAM devices arranged in an addressable manner. Measurements on a test chip fabricated in an advanced 65 nm process show little spatial correlation. We vary the nominal threshold voltage of the devices by changing the threshold-adjust implantations and observe that the ratio of standard deviation to mean gets worse with threshold scaling. The large variations observed in the extracted threshold voltage statistics indicate that the random doping fluctuation is the likely reason behind mismatch in the adjacent devices
DNA-enabled rational design of fluorescence-Raman bimodal nanoprobes for cancer imaging and therapy (2019)

Abstract Recently, surface-enhanced Raman scattering nanoprobes have shown tremendous potential in oncological imaging owing to the high sensitivity and specificity of their fingerprint-like spectra. As current Raman scanners rely on a slow, point-by-point spectrum acquisition, there is an unmet need for faster imaging to cover a clinically relevant area in real-time. Herein, we report the rational design and optimization of fluorescence-Raman bimodal nanoparticles (FRNPs) that synergistically combine the specificity of Raman spectroscopy with the versatility and speed of fluorescence imaging. DNA-enabled molecular engineering allows the rational design of FRNPs with a detection limit as low as 5 × 10 −15 M. FRNPs selectively accumulate in tumor tissue mouse cancer models and enable real-time fluorescence imaging for tumor detection, resection, and subsequent Raman-based verification of clean margins. Furthermore, FRNPs enable highly efficient image-guided photothermal ablation of tumors, widening the scope of the NPs into the therapeutic realm.
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR FOR MEASURING PAVEMENT LAYER COMPOSITION AND VOID DETECTION (2001)

This paper describes the use of SIDARS (System Identification Analysis of Radar Signals), a method of analyzing and graphically displaying the composition of pavement layers, and a related analytical and graphical method for detecting, measuring, and displaying the shape, size, depth, volume, and location of voids beneath a pavement surface layer. The SIDARS method uses the reflected signal from either ground-coupled or air-launched antennas to determine the thickness and relative dielectric constants of several pavement layers and then uses a further analysis to determine the volumetric concentrations of solids and fluid in the mixture that makes up each layer. After calibrating to a core of the material which represents ground truth, asphalt layers are measured for their thickness, asphalt content, total unit weight, voids in the mineral aggregate, and percent air. Cured concrete pavements are measured for their thickness, evaporable water content, dry and total unit weight, and porosity. Unbound base courses are measured for their thickness and the same volume and weight compositions as subgrade soils including water content, dry unit weight, porosity, and percent air. Void detection measures the thickness of air filled voids as thin as 0.10 inches both accurately and repeatably. All of these capabilities are illustrated in this paper.
Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of a 3895-bp mitochondrial DNA deletion in epithelial swabs and its use as a quantitative marker for sunlight exposure in human skin (2010)

These data suggest that the upper layers of the epidermis are an accessible and reliable site for assessing mtDNA damage caused by UV exposure.
A Systematic Genetic Algorithm Based Framework to Optimize Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Strategies (2013)

Today more and more Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) strategies such as High Occupancy Toll (HOT), ramp metering, variable speed limits, etc., are introduced nationwide to reduce congestion and maintain desired service levels on the freeway. Optimization of all the different parameters in such strategies is vital to manage the traffic effectively. The paper introduces a modeling and optimization framework to calibrate and optimize multiple ITS strategies simultaneously. The framework is capable of estimating the OD matrix, calibrating the model with the experimental data, and conducting system optimization in transportation. The approach can be used to optimize more complex system optimization problems in transportation domain. In this paper, this capability is shown with simulation experiments based on the public data of I-95 Florida. The preliminary results show that the revenue increases with target speed up to a point, after which the revenue drops; the throughput on the HOT lanes increases with decreasing target speed. So, to maximize revenue and throughput together, the optimal parameters exist in the middle of the feasible range. Additionally, when accidents happen, the total throughput can be improved by decreasing the toll rate.
Temporal Sparse Promoting Three Dimensional Imaging of Cardiac Activation (2015)

A new Cardiac Electrical Sparse Imaging (CESI) technique is proposed to image cardiac activation throughout the three-dimensional myocardium from body surface electrocardiogram (ECG) with the aid of individualized heart-torso geometry. The sparse property of cardiac electrical activity in the time domain is utilized in the temporal sparse promoting inverse solution, one formulated to achieve higher spatial-temporal resolution, stronger robustness and thus enhanced capability in imaging cardiac electrical activity. Computer simulations were carried out to evaluate the performance of this imaging method under various circumstances. A total of 12 single site pacing and 7 dual sites pacing simulations with artificial and the hospital recorded sensor noise were used to evaluate the accuracy and stability of the proposed method. Simulations with modeling error on heart-torso geometry and electrode-torso registration were also performed to evaluate the robustness of the technique. In addition to the computer simulations, the CESI algorithm was further evaluated using experimental data in an animal model where the noninvasively imaged activation sequences were compared with those measured with simultaneous intracardiac mapping. All of the CESI results were compared with conventional weighted minimum norm solutions. The present results show that CESI can image with better accuracy, stability and stronger robustness in both simulated and experimental circumstances. In sum, we have proposed a novel method for cardiac activation imaging, and our results suggest that the CESI has enhanced performance, and offers the potential to image the cardiac activation and to assist in the clinical management of ventricular arrhythmias.
Differential influence of the E4 adenoviral genes on viral and cellular promoters (2000)

Together with the reported low liver toxicity of E1oE4o vectors, the independence of E4 of liver-specific promoters renders such vectors interesting alternatives to the use of gutless vectors.
Production of Cloned Cattle from In Vitro Systems (2002)

The pregnancy initiation and maintenance rates of nuclear transfer embryos produced from several bovine cell types were measured to determine which cell types produced healthy calves and had growth characteristics that would allow for genetic manipulation. Considerable variability between cell types from one animal and the same cell type from different animals was observed. In general, cultured fetal cells performed better with respect to pregnancy initiation and calving than adult cells with the exception of cumulous cells, which produced the highest overall pregnancy and calving rates. The cell type that combined relatively high pregnancy initiation and calving rates with growth characteristics that allowed for extended proliferation in culture were fetal genital ridge (GR) cells. Cultured GR cells used in nuclear transfer and embryo transfer initiated pregnancies in 40% of recipient heifers (197), and of all recipients that received nuclear transfer embryos, 9% produced live calves. Cultured GR cells doubled as many as 85 times overall and up to 75 times after dilution to single-cell culture. A comparison between transfected and nontransfected cells showed that transfected cells had lower pregnancy initiation (22% versus 32%) and calving (3.4% versus 8.9%) rates.