gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>In Vivo</i> Pulmonary Tissue Engineering: Contribution of Donor-Derived Endothelial Cells to Construct Vascularization* (2008)

Intrapulmonary engraftment of engineered lung tissues could provide a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of pediatric and adult pulmonary diseases. In working toward this goal, we report here on in vivo generation of vascularized pulmonary tissue constructs utilizing the subcutaneous Matrigel plug model. Mixed populations of murine fetal pulmonary cells (FPCs) containing epithelial, mesenchymal, and endothelial cells (ECs) were isolated from the lungs of embryonic day 17.5 fetuses. FPCs were admixed to Matrigel and injected subcutaneously into the anterior abdominal wall of adult C57/BL6 mice to facilitate in vivo pulmonary tissue construct formation. Vascularization was enhanced by placing fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2)-loaded polyvinyl sponges into the hydrogel. After 1 week, routine histology and immunohistochemical staining for donor-derived epithelial cells and ECs as well as analysis of patent vasculature in the constructs following tail vein injection of fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated dextran were performed. In the Matrigel-only controls, some level of host infiltrate, but no measurable vascularization, was detected. In the presence of FPCs, the constructs contained ductal epithelial structures and patent vasculature. In the absence of FPCs, exogenous FGF2 induced the formation of numerous patent blood vessels throughout the entire constructs; in combination with FPCs, it resulted in enhanced capillary density and abundant interfacing between developing epithelial and vascular structures. The significant findings of this study are that distal pulmonary epithelial differentiation (as assessed by the expression of prosurfactant protein C) can be maintained in vivo and that donor-derived ECs contribute to the formation of patent vessels that interface tightly with ductal epithelial structures.
Expanding the Role of Preambles to Support User-defined Functionality in MIMO-based WLANs (2020)

As the Wi-Fi technology goes through its sixth generation (Wi-Fi 6), there is a growing consensus on the need to support security and coordination functions at the Physical (PHY) layer, beyond traditional functions such as frame detection and rate adaptation. In contrast to the costly approach of extending the PHY-layer header to support new functions (e.g., Target Wake Time field in 802.11ax), we propose to turn a specific part of the frame preamble into a data field while maintaining its primary functions. Specifically, in this paper, we develop a scheme called extensible preamble modulation (ePMod) for the MIMO-based 802.11ac protocol. For each frame, eP-Mod can embed up to 20 bits into the 802.11ac preamble under 1 × 2 or 2 × 1 MIMO transmission modes to support the operations of a given PHY-layer function. The proposed scheme enables several promising PHY-layer services, such as PHY-layer encryption and channel/device authentication, PHYlayer signaling, etc. At the same time, it allows legacy (eP-Modunaware) devices to continue to process the received preamble as normal by guaranteeing that our proposed preamble waveforms satisfy the structural properties of a standardized preamble. Through numerical analysis, extensive simulations, and hardware experiments, we validate the practicality and reliability of ePMod.
Ultra-sensitive microwave detection of protein conformational changes (2004)

A coaxial driven planar slot antenna resonant in the microwave regime was used to detect changes in protein conformation induced by temperature modulation. Simultaneous dielectric and UV/VIS spectroscopy measurements were obtained by attaching the slot antenna to a fused-quartz UV/VIS sample holder. Similar thermodynamic parameters (midpoint temperature and enthalpy) were obtained from both techniques over a wide concentration range and under a variety of pH condition. Here we demonstrate that a near-field antenna can be used to detect changes in conformation at very low protein concentrations, and that the protein is not destabilized by the presence of microwave power.
Performance Characteristics of Asphalt Binders and Mixtures Modified by Waste Toner (1998)

Every year, a tremendous amount of toner is produced for copiers and printers by toner manufacturing companies throughout the United States. Some of this toner does not meet quality specifications and becomes a waste of the manufacturing process. This waste and the spent toner from copiers and printer cartridges are dumped in landfills for lack of a better way of utilizing them. A cooperative research project was undertaken by Texas Department of Transportation and the University of Texas to investigate the feasibility and potential benefits of utilizing waste toner in hot mix asphalt concrete. The research program included procurement of a number of different waste toners, blending them with asphalt cement at different ratios, and evaluating binder and mixture properties. The results indicated that as the amount of waste toner in the blend increases, the stiffness and viscosity of the modified binder increase. The mixture analysis also indicates higher strength and stability for toner-modified asphalt concrete compared with unmodified mixtures. The toner-modified binder is expected to perform satisfactorily in areas where permanent deformation is of great concern and some increase in low-temperature stiffness is not regarded as posing any cracking problems. It was found that a PG64-28 asphalt will grade as PG70-22 with the addition of 10 percent waste toner.
Pareto-Efficient Quantum Circuit Simulation Using Tensor Contraction\n Deferral (2017)

With the current rate of progress in quantum computing technologies, systems\nwith more than 50 qubits will soon become reality. Computing ideal quantum\nstate amplitudes for circuits of such and larger sizes is a fundamental step to\nassess both the correctness, performance, and scaling behavior of quantum\nalgorithms and the fidelities of quantum devices. However, resource\nrequirements for such calculations on classical computers grow exponentially.\nWe show that deferring tensor contractions can extend the boundaries of what\ncan be computed on classical systems. To demonstrate this technique, we present\nresults obtained from a calculation of the complete set of output amplitudes of\na universal random circuit with depth 27 in a 2D lattice of $7 \\times 7$\nqubits, and an arbitrarily selected slice of $2^{37}$ amplitudes of a universal\nrandom circuit with depth 23 in a 2D lattice of $8 \\times 7$ qubits. Combining\nour methodology with other decomposition approaches found in the literature, we\nshow that we can simulate $7 \\times 7$-qubit random circuits to arbitrary depth\nby leveraging secondary storage. These calculations were thought to be\nimpossible due to resource requirements.\n
Scanning capacitance microscopy for thin film measurements (2006)

We have used direct, low-frequency scanning capacitance microscopy measurements to characterize variations in thin, dielectric films with up to 1 nm thickness and ∼200 nm lateral resolution. This technique may be used on metallic as well as semiconducting substrates because it does not rely upon d C/d V measurements. We also find that the sensitivity of capacitance to film thickness can be enhanced by an aqueous meniscus that typically forms between the atomic force microscope tip and the sample surface. Further, we quantified the nanometre-scale capacitance of the tip–meniscus–sample system that is sensitive to variations in film thickness by making simultaneous capacitance and cantilever deflection measurements. This capacitance is used along with an average film thickness to quantify variations in film thickness.
A fluid-suspension, electromagnetically driven eye with video capability for animatronic applications (2010)

(Our work of the same title was initially published at "Humanoid '09" in Paris France, and should be referred to for details).
Partial aperture imaging by systems with annular phase coded masks (2017)

Interferenceless coded aperture correlation holography is a recently developed technique for indirect 3D imaging of objects without two-wave interference. In such systems, the intensity response to a point is first recorded by modulating the light diffracted from a point object by a pseudorandom coded phase mask (CPM). The object intensity response is recorded under identical conditions and with the same CPM by mounting an object at the same axial location as of the point object. The image of the object is reconstructed by a cross-correlation between the above two responses. In the present study, the imaging capabilities of a system with partial apertures are demonstrated by synthesizing the CPM in the shape of a ring. The partial aperture system demonstrates 3D imaging capabilities with an area as low as 1.4% of the total aperture area, which is beyond the limits of a regular imaging system. These superior imaging capabilities of the new technique might be useful for imaging with ground and space telescopes.
Forecasting Seizure Likelihood With Wearable Technology (2021)

The unpredictability of epileptic seizures exposes people with epilepsy to potential physical harm, restricts day-to-day activities, and impacts mental well-being. Accurate seizure forecasters would reduce the uncertainty associated with seizures but need to be feasible and accessible in the long-term. Wearable devices are perfect candidates to develop non-invasive, accessible forecasts but are yet to be investigated in long-term studies. We hypothesized that machine learning models could utilize heart rate as a biomarker for well-established cycles of seizures and epileptic activity, in addition to other wearable signals, to forecast high and low risk seizure periods. This feasibility study tracked participants' (<i>n</i> = 11) heart rates, sleep, and step counts using wearable smartwatches and seizure occurrence using smartphone seizure diaries for at least 6 months (mean = 14.6 months, SD = 3.8 months). Eligible participants had a diagnosis of refractory epilepsy and reported at least 20 seizures (mean = 135, SD = 123) during the recording period. An ensembled machine learning and neural network model estimated seizure risk either daily or hourly, with retraining occurring on a weekly basis as additional data was collected. Performance was evaluated retrospectively against a rate-matched random forecast using the area under the receiver operating curve. A pseudo-prospective evaluation was also conducted on a held-out dataset. Of the 11 participants, seizures were predicted above chance in all (100%) participants using an hourly forecast and in ten (91%) participants using a daily forecast. The average time spent in high risk (prediction time) before a seizure occurred was 37 min in the hourly forecast and 3 days in the daily forecast. Cyclic features added the most predictive value to the forecasts, particularly circadian and multiday heart rate cycles. Wearable devices can be used to produce patient-specific seizure forecasts, particularly when biomarkers of seizure and epileptic activity cycles are utilized.
TSG-00515-2011.R3 application of dynamic state and parameter estimation techniques on real-world data (2013)

Summary form only given. The objective of this paper is to apply two dynamic state and parameter estimation techniques to real-world data. Dynamic state and parameter estimation can estimate equivalent generator internal voltages and rotor angles (dynamic states) during electromechanical dynamics. In addition, parameters such as the transient reactances and inertia can be estimated. A set of real world data recorded by Eastern Interconnection Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) regarding a generator trip event is analyzed in this paper. An estimation algorithm developed by Chow et al was applied to estimate the states and parameters of a transfer path. An alternative estimation method based on the classic generator model and swing equation is presented in this paper and applied to the real world PMU data with the aid of digital filtering technology. Challenges in real-world data applications are identified in this paper.
Cloning, expression, and occurrence of the Brucella Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (1990)

Recently, the complete amino acid sequence of a protein expressed in Escherichia coli from cloned Brucella abortus DNA was reported. On the basis of amino acid homology, this protein was identified as a copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD) (B. L. Beck, L. B. Tabatabai, and J. E. Mayfield, Biochemistry 29:372-376, 1990). We demonstrate in this paper that the sequenced protein is the same as the previously studied salt-extractable protein BCSP20. The plasmid-encoded protein expressed from recombinant E. coli is identical to the Brucella-derived BCSP20 in molecular mass, N-terminal amino acid sequence, and cross-reactivity with homologous and heterologous rabbit sera against either the recombinant gene product or the Brucella-derived protein. A survey of the expression of the Cu-Zn SOD protein in Brucella biovars representing all species was done by Western blotting (immunoblotting) using antisera raised against the recombinant E. coli-derived protein. With the exception of B. neotomae and B. suis biovar 2, the Cu-Zn SOD protein was detectable in all Brucella species and biovars tested, including eight biovars of B. abortus.
Early Clinical Outcomes of Intrascleral Fixation Using an Intraocular Lens with Hook-Shaped Haptics (2021)

Intrascleral IOL fixation using hsh-IOL is an effective option for eyes with insufficient capsular support.
<title>External Cavity Diode Laser Sensor</title> (1983)

Recent developments in an external cavity laser diode sensor are discussed. The sensor consists of an external reflector mounted such that the mirror to laser facet distance is smaller than the laser cavity. This device has micro-radian sensitivity and a large dynamic range. This sensor has been configured to sense acoustic waves, magnetic and electric fields, current, and temperature and acceleration.
Full-track profile derivative method for track width measurements of magnetic recording head (2005)

Since a full-track profile is the convolution of reader response function of magnetic field and magnetization distribution of data track, its derivative depends strongly on the spatial function of magnetoresistive sensor sensitivity, especially regarding information about magnetic read width (MRW) and side reading. Therefore, effectively extracting this information from the derivative of a full-track profile allows the possibility to obtain accurate value of MRW and to calculate the effect of side reading on magnetic write width (MWW) of magnetic recording heads. How to achieve this goal will be discussed in this paper.
<title>Photoelectrographic masters containing nonionic acid photogenerators</title> (1994)

Photoelectrographic printing is a technology which utilizes photoelectrographic masters and conventional electrophotographic toners for short run printing applications. Masters based on onium salt acid photogeneration have many desirable attributes. One shortcoming, however, is their sensitivity to changes in relative humidity. We have previously reported on a class of polymeric binders which largely overcome this problem. We have now found a class of non-ionic acid photogenerators which further enhance the performance of such masters with respect to changes in relative humidity and which enable the use of a broader spectrum of polymeric binders. We examined representative compounds from several classes of non-ionic acid photogenerators. The best results were obtained with sulfonate esters of N- hydroxyimides. Standard polycarbonate or polyester-based formulations containing these compounds along with a near-UV sensitizer exhibit contrast potentials near 90% of the initial surface potential upon exposure with a 500-W mercury arc lamp. This contrast potential remains nearly constant over the range of 30-70% relative humidity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Glycopeptides (2011)

Abstract Review: 25 refs.
Reflectometric measurement of polarization dependent loss in fiber optic links (2004)

Polarization sensitive optical reflectometry is an effective tool for measuring birefringence and polarization mode dispersion of fiber optic links. Classical measurement techniques are based on the polarization analysis of the transmitted field, therefore they require access to both the ends of the optical link. Any typical optical link, made of a concatenation of optical single-mode fibers and optical devices, may be described with a Jones matrix F(z).
Abstract 224: The Tyrosine Kinase Arg Mediates Endothelial Barrier Disruption by Modulating Integrin Distribution (2013)

Introduction Endothelial barrier disruption and vascular leakage during inflammation forms an important threat to the critically ill. In a recent study we demonstrated that the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib effectively attenuates endothelial barrier disruption via inhibition of the kinase Abl-related gene (ARG). Here, we evaluate how ARG mediates endothelial barrier disruption. Methods & Results ARG was depleted from endothelial cells with various siRNAs, yielding >85% reduction in ARG protein expression. Disruption of the endothelial barrier by the inflammatory mediator thrombin was lower in ARG-depleted cells than in control cells (30% versus 60% drop in endothelial resistance). ARG deficient mice showed a significant reduction of VEGF-induced vascular leakage, stressing the in vivo contribution of ARG to vascular leakage. ARG was activated upon endothelial activation in vitro , as indicated by a 2-3 fold increase in CrkL phosphorylation, the downstream target of ARG. Surprisingly, ARG depletion resulted in 40% reduction in VE-cadherin protein expression. At the same time, ARG-depleted cells completely lacked a contractile response to inflammatory mediators, despite normal myosin light chain phosphorylation. ARG depletion resulted in increased protein expression of α 5 β 1 integrin, increased expression of β 1 integrin at the cell surface and redistribution of α 5 β 1 integrin to the cell edges (close to cell-cell contacts). These signaling events were associated with increased adhesive force of ARG-depleted endothelial cells to the extracellular matrix. The clinical relevance of ARG was confirmed by increased amounts of phosphorylated CrkL in the pulmonary endothelium of septic patients. Conclusion This study shows that ARG is a significant mediator of endothelial barrier disruption during inflammation. ARG regulates integrin dynamics during endothelial barrier disruption, and the ARG-induced changes in integrin dynamics contribute to endothelial barrier disruption.
A combined enhanced-fluorescence and label-free imaging instrument (2009)

Photonic crystals have previously been shown to enhance fluorescence output of surface-bound dyes by two orders of magnitude and to enable sensitive label-free biomolecular detection. In this work we describe the design and characterization of a microscope capable of generating both label-free and enhanced-fluorescence images on engineered photonic crystal surfaces. We demonstrate 328x fluorescence enhancement, 41x signal-to-noise improvements, and a reduction in the detection limit of a protein-conjugated fluorophore by over two orders of magnitude. We also characterize the resolution of enhanced fluorescence and label-free imaging to be submicron and 3 microns, respectively.
A novel immunogenic <scp>CS</scp>1‐specific peptide inducing antigen‐specific cytotoxic <scp>T</scp> lymphocytes targeting multiple myeloma (2012)

The CS1 antigen provides a unique target for the development of an immunotherapeutic strategy to treat patients with multiple myeloma (MM). This study aimed to identify HLA-A2(+) immunogenic peptides from the CS1 antigen, which induce peptide-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) against HLA-A2(+) MM cells. We identified a novel immunogenic HLA-A2-specific CS1(239-247) (SLFVLGLFL) peptide, which induced CS1-specific CTL (CS1-CTL) to MM cells. The CS1-CTL showed a distinct phenotype, with an increased percentage of effector memory and activated CTL and a decreased percentage of naïve CTL. CS1(239-247) peptide-specific CD8(+) T cells were detected by DimerX analyses and demonstrated functional activities specific to the peptide. The CTL displayed HLA-A2-restricted and antigen-specific cytotoxicity, proliferation, degranulation and γ-interferon (IFN-γ) production against both primary MM cells and MM cell lines. In addition, the effector memory cells subset (CD45RO(+) CCR7(-) /CD3(+) CD8(+) ) within CS1-CTL showed a higher level of CD107a degranulation and IFN-γ production as compared to effector cells (CD45RO(-) CCR7(-) /CD3(+) CD8(+) ) against HLA-A2(+) primary MM cells or MM cell lines. In conclusion, this study introduced a novel immunogenic HLA-A2-specific CS1(239-247) peptide capable of inducing antigen-specific CTL against MM cells that will provide a framework for its application as a novel MM immunotherapy.
Dodger, a Diagnostic Expert System for the Evaluation of Nondestructive Test Data (1993)

Identification and characterization of indications in eddy current (ET) signals can be highly subjective in nature, with varying diagnoses made by different analysts or by a single analyst at different times. Consistent analyses of an indication over time are required in order to accurately assess trends in material condition. A rule-based expert system, with a well designed set of interpretation guidelines, can provide the consistent and repeatable analysis that is desired. An expert system was developed that analyzes eddy current signals allowing interactive or unattended operation, or a mixture of the two. Measurements are derived from the data using automatic machine recognition of ET impedance plane patterns. Uncertain and conflicting measurements are treated in a rigorous, probabilistic manner using the Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence. The expert system identifies the nature of an indication and the confidence in that diagnosis. The system is also able to automatically reference past measurements of the same indication and analyze them using the same criteria. Finally, it determines the trend in the indication and allows the analyst to make an informed decision about its severity. This paper describes the expert system (Dodger) and its process of analyzing eddy current signals.’
The Immune Response in Multiple Sclerosis (2021)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS). MS is characterized by immune dysregulation, which results in the infiltration of the CNS by immune cells, triggering demyelination, axonal damage, and neurodegeneration. Although the exact causes of MS are not fully understood, genetic and environmental factors are thought to control MS onset and progression. In this article, we review the main immunological mechanisms involved in MS pathogenesis.
Experimental Characterization of the Inline-Screw-Feeding Vacuum-Arc-Thruster Operation (2017)

A CubeSat-class micropropulsion system is being developed at the Aerospace Plasma Laboratory, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, called the inline-screw-feeding vacuumarc thruster (ISF-VAT). The ISF-VAT couples a conventional VAT triggerless ignition geometry with an active feeding system that mechanically drives the cathode propellant in a periodic helical motion. The thruster performance is found to be highly regular for at least 700000 pulses, ≈12 h of continuous operation, with good pulse to pulse repeatability. The measured average thrust-to-power ratio is ≈3 μN/W. Observations of the cathode and insulator erosion patterns show that while the cathode electrode geometry is maintained by the feeding system, the ceramic insulator is also being consumed. The maximum insulator erosion rate was determined to be ≈1/7 of the cathode consumption rate. The thruster lifetime is, therefore, determined by the length of the insulator.