gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detailed analysis of the plasma extracellular vesicle proteome after separation from lipoproteins (2018)

The isolation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from blood is of great importance to understand the biological role of circulating EVs and to develop EVs as biomarkers of disease. Due to the concurrent presence of lipoprotein particles, however, blood is one of the most difficult body fluids to isolate EVs from. The aim of this study was to develop a robust method to isolate and characterise EVs from blood with minimal contamination by plasma proteins and lipoprotein particles. Plasma and serum were collected from healthy subjects, and EVs were isolated by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), with most particles being present in fractions 8-12, while the bulk of the plasma proteins was present in fractions 11-28. Vesicle markers peaked in fractions 7-11; however, the same fractions also contained lipoprotein particles. The purity of EVs was improved by combining a density cushion with SEC to further separate lipoprotein particles from the vesicles, which reduced the contamination of lipoprotein particles by 100-fold. Using this novel isolation procedure, a total of 1187 proteins were identified in plasma EVs by mass spectrometry, of which several proteins are known as EV-associated proteins but have hitherto not been identified in the previous proteomic studies of plasma EVs. This study shows that SEC alone is unable to completely separate plasma EVs from lipoprotein particles. However, combining SEC with a density cushion significantly improved the separation of EVs from lipoproteins and allowed for a detailed analysis of the proteome of plasma EVs, thus making blood a viable source for EV biomarker discovery.
Estas noticias nuestras. Agenda informativa de la primera plana en los diarios digitales de América Latina (2008)

Este estudio investigo el contenido de los textos de la primera plana de los diarios Latinoamericanos que tienen edicion digital, para conocer que se considera noticia. La era de la informacion le ha abierto nuevos retos al periodismo, mientras que la historia contemporanea advierte no pocos cambios en la realidad social de la region. Por eso, se considero importante revisar la dinamica del cubrimiento periodistico actual, para establecer que tan cerca esta la agenda de los periodistas de la agenda de la opinion publica. Unas 500 noticias de portada, de diez diarios de igual numero de paises fueron analizadas, para indagar los valores que inspiran las decisiones de los editores, las fuentes de informacion de los periodistas, los sujetos sobre los que se habla en las noticias, el peso y el soporte de la informacion internacional y la visibilidad de los conflictos sociales en los diarios. Los resultados dieron cuenta que se mantienen tendencias conocidas como el centrar la agenda de los diarios en la politica y los conflictos sociales, y el que los discursos esten dominados por las declaraciones de actores en el gobierno y otros servidores publicos, a pesar de los diferentes contextos geograficos y culturales. De otra parte, a diferencia de lo que ocurria hace un par de decadas, los textos mostraron una mayor independencia de las empresas de medios de las agencias internacionales de noticias. Se encontraron coincidencias entre las agendas de los diarios y las de sus lectores.
Therapeutic inhibition of USP7-PTEN network in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a strategy to overcome <i>TP53</i> mutated/deleted clones (2017)

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is a lymphoproliferative disorder with either indolent or aggressive clinical course. Current treatment regiments have significantly improved the overall outcomes even if higher risk subgroups - those harboring TP53 mutations or deletions of the short arm of chromosome 17 (del17p) - remain highly challenging. In the present work, we identified USP7, a known de-ubiquitinase with multiple roles in cellular homeostasis, as a potential therapeutic target in CLL. We demonstrated that in primary CLL samples and in CLL cell lines USP7 is: i) over-expressed through a mechanism involving miR-338-3p and miR-181b deregulation; ii) functionally activated by Casein Kinase 2 (CK2), an upstream interactor known to be deregulated in CLL; iii) effectively targeted by the USP7 inhibitor P5091. Treatment of primary CLL samples and cell lines with P5091 induces cell growth arrest and apoptosis, through the restoration of PTEN nuclear pool, both in TP53-wild type and -null environment. Importantly, PTEN acts as the main tumor suppressive mediator along the USP7-PTEN axis in a p53 dispensable manner. In conclusion, we propose USP7 as a new druggable target in CLL.
Glove Use in Restaurants: Efficacy is Questionable (2000)

Apparently there seems to be a growing consensus on the part of both industry managers and consumers that the use of gloves is an effective barrier to the spread of food-borne illness. However, with more than 13 years’ experience as a food service manager and executive, the author has discovered otherwise.
Synthesis and molecular structure of a lithium complex of the phthalocyanine radical (1986)

Controlled potential electrolysis of the dilithium salt of phthalocyanine, Li2(pc2–), at 0.15 V vs. saturated calomel electrode in acetonitrile gave a lithium complex of the phthalocyanine radical, the crystal structure of which shows that it contains a unit cell with four nearly planar Li(pc˙–) molecules of S4 symmetry, stacked metal-over-metal with an Li–Li spacing of 3.245(2)Å, and staggered by 38.7(3)°; its effective magnetic moment decreased from the room temperature value of 1.3 µB to 1.0 µB at 150 K, but upon further cooling it increased to approach the free-spin value.
A DNA-RFLP TYPING SYSTEM THAT POSITIVELY IDENTIFIES SEROLOGICALLY WELL-DEFINED AND ILL-DEFINED HLA-DR AND DQ ALLELES, INCLUDING DRw10 (1988)

A single enzyme/multiple probe system of HLA-DR and DQ typing using restriction fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis is presented. TaqI-digested genomic DNAs are hybridized sequentially with short DR beta, DQ beta, and DQ alpha cDNA probes. The DR beta probe discriminates between the DR allelic specificities DR1 to DRw14, with the two exceptions of some DR3/DRw13 and some DR7/DRw9 combinations. We describe the positive identification of a DRw10-specific RFLP and demonstrate its segregation in families. The DQ beta probe defines an allelic system that identifies the alleles DQw1, DQw2, and DQw3. This permits the resolution of DR3/DRw13 and DR7/DRw9 alleles by defining the DR/DQ association caused by linkage disequilibrium. The DQ alpha probe defines another allelic series interrelated with, but independent from, the DQ beta series. Specific DQ beta/DQ alpha RFLP combinations correlate with known Dw splits of DR2, DRw6, and DR7. Combined use of the three probes permits the identification of HLA-DR, DQ, and certain Dw specificities and provides an effective and easily interpretable system for major histocompatibility complex class II allogenotyping.
A robotic toy for children with special needs: From requirements to design (2009)

This article presents the design process of Iromec, a modular robot companion tailored towards engaging in social exchanges with children with different disabilities with the aim to empower them to discover a wide rage of play styles from solitary to social and cooperative play. In particular this paper describes the design process from the elicitation of user requirements related to three main target users - autistic children, moderate mentally retarded children and severe motor impaired children - to the robot design, highlighting problems and challenges encountered to meet and reconcile heterogeneous needs of disabled children. Modularity and configurability are the key features of the robot: the use of plug&play application modules, the coating components and add-on elements contribute to the flexibility of the system in creating rewarding games that can be easily understood by the child and can promote fun and learning. Other key features of the system are the combination of autonomous and user-controlled behaviour and a strong emphasis on identity and expressiveness that can be dynamically adapted during play. A main contribution of this work is that it does not just focus on the engineering aspects of robotic design, but it is primarily guided by learning and therapeutic issues and centred on the final user.
New functional and structural insights from updated mutational databases for complement factor H, Factor I, membrane cofactor protein and C3 (2014)

aHUS (atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome), AMD (age-related macular degeneration) and other diseases are associated with defective AP (alternative pathway) regulation. CFH (complement factor H), CFI (complement factor I), MCP (membrane cofactor protein) and C3 exhibited the most disease-associated genetic alterations in the AP. Our interactive structural database for these was updated with a total of 324 genetic alterations. A consensus structure for the SCR (short complement regulator) domain showed that the majority (37%) of SCR mutations occurred at its hypervariable loop and its four conserved Cys residues. Mapping 113 missense mutations onto the CFH structure showed that over half occurred in the C-terminal domains SCR-15 to -20. In particular, SCR-20 with the highest total of affected residues is associated with binding to C3d and heparin-like oligosaccharides. No clustering of 49 missense mutations in CFI was seen. In MCP, SCR-3 was the most affected by 23 missense mutations. In C3, the neighbouring thioester and MG (macroglobulin) domains exhibited most of 47 missense mutations. The mutations in the regulators CFH, CFI and MCP involve loss-of-function, whereas those for C3 involve gain-of-function. This combined update emphasizes the importance of the complement AP in inflammatory disease, clarifies the functionally important regions in these proteins, and will facilitate diagnosis and therapy.
Stacking integration methodologies in 3D IC for 3D ultrasound image processing application: A stochastic flash ADC design case study (2015)

In three-dimensional integrated circuit (3D IC) systems that use through-silicon via (TSV) technology, a significant design consideration is the coupling noise to/from TSVs. In Analog/Mixed signal ICs, the TSV coupling effect can cause coupling noise disturbance and degrades the performance of sensitive analog devices. In this paper, two different stacking integrations for the sensor array and the 3D IC, are considered and compared. In the face-up stacking integration, the transducers' flip chip bonded pads are directly bonded to the integrated circuit. In facedown integration type, however, the connections from the sensor output signal to the front end electronics is done via the TSVs. The TSV coupling noise is compared for the two schemes using the existing TSV coupling noise model. To validate the impact of stacking integration on the coupling noise, an ADC case study was designed and implemented using 130nm device technology and Tezzaron TSV technology. The simulations results show that the face-up integration could suppress the coupling noise by 10db. Moreover, a 23% reduction in footprint is achieved in this stacking integration.
Cartridge systems, capacitive pumps and multi-throw valves and pump-valve systems and applications of same (2023)

In one aspect of the invention, the fluidic device includes a fluidic chip includes a body having a first surface and an opposite, second surface, one or more channels formed in the body in fluidic communications with input ports and output ports for transferring one or more fluids between the input ports and the output ports, and a fluidic chip registration means formed on the first surface for aligning the fluidic chip with a support structure; and an actuator configured to engage with the one or more channels at the second surface of the body for selectively and individually transferring the one or more fluids through the one or more channels from at least one of the input ports to at least one of the output ports at desired flowrates.
A Novel Nanoprobe for Multimodal Imaging Is Effectively Incorporated into Human Melanoma Metastatic Cell Lines (2015)

To facilitate efficient drug delivery to tumor tissue, several nanomaterials have been designed, with combined diagnostic and therapeutic properties. In this work, we carried out fundamental in vitro and in vivo experiments to assess the labeling efficacy of our novel theranostic nanoprobe, consisting of glycogen conjugated with a red fluorescent probe and gadolinium. Microscopy and resazurin viability assays were used to study cell labeling and cell viability in human metastatic melanoma cell lines. Fluorescence lifetime correlation spectroscopy (FLCS) was done to investigate nanoprobe stability. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed to study T₁ relaxivity in vitro, and contrast enhancement in a subcutaneous in vivo tumor model. Efficient cell labeling was demonstrated, while cell viability, cell migration, and cell growth was not affected. FLCS showed that the nanoprobe did not degrade in blood plasma. MRI demonstrated that down to 750 cells/μL of labeled cells in agar phantoms could be detected. In vivo MRI showed that contrast enhancement in tumors was comparable between Omniscan contrast agent and the nanoprobe. In conclusion, we demonstrate for the first time that a non-toxic glycogen-based nanoprobe may effectively visualize tumor cells and tissue, and, in future experiments, we will investigate its therapeutic potential by conjugating therapeutic compounds to the nanoprobe.
Electrowetting-actuated liquid metal for RF applications (2017)

Electrowetting is well-established as a fluid manipulation technique in such areas as lab-on-a-chip, visible light optics, and displays, yet has seen far less implementation in the field of radio-frequency (RF) electronics and electromagnetics. This is primarily due to a lack of appropriate materials selection and control in these devices. Low loss RF conductive fluids such as room temperature liquid metals (i.e. Hg, EGaIn, Galinstan) are by far the leading choice of active material due to their superior electrical properties but require high actuating voltages due to their inherently high surface tensions (>400 mN m−1) which often lead to dielectric breakdown. While the toxicity of Hg encourages the pursuit of non-toxic alternatives such as gallium alloys, the native surface oxide formation often prohibits reliable device functionality. Additionally, traditional electrowetting architectures rely on lossy electrode materials which degrade RF transmission efficiencies and result in non-reversible material diffusion at the electrode/liquid metal contact. In this work, we report on approaches to utilize liquid metals in electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) devices that resolve all of these challenges by judicious choice of novel electrode materials, dielectric fluid, and device architecture. A functional RF device, namely an electromagnetic polarizer, is demonstrated that can be activated on demand through EWOD and provides an average signal attenuation of 12.91 dB in the on state and 1.46 dB in the off state over the range of 8–9.2 GHz, with a switching speed of about 12 ms. These results can be further extended to other RF applications such as tunable antennas, transmission lines, and switchable metasurfaces.
Voltage-Controlled Bistable Thermal Conductivity in Suspended Ferroelectric Thin-Film Membranes (2018)

Ferroelastic domain walls in ferroelectric materials possess two properties that are known to affect phonon transport: a change in crystallographic orientation and a lattice strain. Changing populations and spacing of nanoscale-spaced ferroelastic domain walls lead to the manipulation of phonon-scattering rates, enabling the control of thermal conduction at ambient temperatures. In the present work, lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin-film membrane structures were fabricated to reduce mechanical clamping to the substrate and enable a subsequent increase in the ferroelastic domain wall mobility. Under application of an electric field, the thermal conductivity of PZT increases abruptly at ∼100 kV/cm by ∼13% owing to a reduction in the number of phonon-scattering domain walls in the thermal conduction path. The thermal conductivity modulation is rapid, repeatable, and discrete, resulting in a bistable state or a "digital" modulation scheme. The modulation of thermal conductivity due to changes in domain wall configuration is supported by polarization-field, mechanical stiffness, and in situ microdiffraction experiments. This work opens a path toward a new means to control phonons and phonon-mediated energy in a digital manner at room temperature using only an electric field.
Epidemiological Study of Temporomandibular Disorders in Adolescents with Experience Playing Instruments (2013)

目的：若年者における顎関節症症状の発症には楽器演奏の関与が指摘されているが，音楽経験の開始と症状発現の因果関係に関して明確に検討した研究は少ない．本研究では，若年音楽経験者の顎関節症症状発現の実態を明らかにすることを目的とし，成人との比較を下に音楽経験と顎関節症症状発現との因果関係を調べた．方法：被験者は長野県下の中学生とし，独自のアンケート調査票を用いて疫学的調査を行った．また，比較対照として成人にも同様なアンケート調査を実施した．分析項目は，顎関節症症状発現時期と音楽経験開始時期との関連性，顎関節症症状の発現率，顎関節症症状の発現にかかわる因子，および，性格傾向と顎関節症症状発現との関連性とした．結果：若年者および成人ともに，顎関節症症状の発現率は音楽経験者のほうが未経験者に比べて高い値を示し，発現時期については音楽経験開始時期と同じか，それよりも遅れて認められる傾向にあった．若年の音楽経験者においては，日中のくいしばりが顎関節症症状の発現に関連しており，また，顎関節症症状を示す者は示さない者に比べて神経症的性格傾向が強いことが明らかとなった．結論：音楽経験開始時期と顎関節症症状発現時期との間に一定の関連性が認められたが，これは若年者に限った傾向ではなく，成人においても同様であった．むしろ，若年の音楽経験者においては，神経症的性格傾向による影響の強いことが示唆された．
Yield, Selectivity, and All That (2000)

For a reacting system, simple or complex, operational definitions are given for yield and selectivity of products, as well as fractional conversion of reactants, for both a stoichiometric approach (using stoichiometric coefficients from chemical equations) and a nonstoichiometric approach (using element-conservation equations without chemical equations).  This is in light of considerable variety and possible confusion in the literature about measures of reaction efficiency.  Examples are provided to illustrate both approaches.
Human Hepatitis B Virus Polymerase Interacts with the Molecular Chaperonin Hsp60 (2001)

Previous studies showed that hepatitis B virus polymerase (HBV Pol) interacts with host factors such as the Hsp90 complex, which is a critical step in viral genome replication. In this report, we propose that another chaperone, Hsp60, interacts with human HBV Pol and that this is a very important step for maturation of human HBV Pol into the active state. In the immunoprecipitation of recombinant human HBV Pol expressed in insect cells with the recombinant baculovirus expression system, the 60-kDa protein was coimmunoprecipitated with Pol and the protein was identified as Hsp60 through peptide sequencing and immunogenic analysis with an anti-Hsp60 antibody. In vitro experiments showed that Hsp60 strongly affected human HBV Pol activity in that (i) blocking of Hsp60 by the protein-specific antibody reduced human HBV Pol activity, (ii) the activity was increased by addition of Hsp60 in the presence of ATP, and (iii) ATP synergistically activated human HBV Pol with Hsp60. In vivo experiments showed that inhibition of Hsp60 in cells by a mutant Hsp60, C Delta 540, resulted in the reduction of human HBV Pol activity. In summary, our results indicate that the interaction is significant for conversion of human HBV Pol into the active state.
Energetics of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mi>MnO</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>polymorphs in density functional theory (2016)

We report the energetics and properties of the $\ensuremath{\beta}, \ensuremath{\alpha}$, R, $\ensuremath{\gamma}, \ensuremath{\lambda}$, and $\ensuremath{\delta}$ polymorphs of $\mathrm{MnO}{}_{2}$ within density functional theory, comparing the performance of the recently introduced SCAN functional with that of conventional exchange-correlation functionals and experiment. We find that SCAN uniquely yields accurate formation energies and properties across all $\mathrm{MnO}{}_{2}$ polymorphs. We explain the superior performance of SCAN based on its satisfaction of all known constraints appropriate to a semilocal exchange-correlation functional and its accurate representation of all types of orbital overlap.
Sustained, localized transgene expression mediated from lentivirus‐loaded biodegradable polyester elastomers (2012)

The study of biomaterials for gene delivery in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is a growing area, necessitating the investigation of new biomaterials and gene delivery vectors. Poly(1,8-octanediol citrate) (POC) and poly(glycerol-sebacate) (PGS) are biodegradable, biocompatible elastomers that have tunable mechanical properties, surface characteristics, and degradation rate. The objective of this work was to investigate whether POC and PGS would support the immobilization and release of lentivirus to allow sustained and localized transgene expression. Porous biomaterials were prepared using salt as a porogen, and in vitro and in vivo transgene expression from immobilized and released lentiviruses were assessed. Cells seeded onto biomaterials loaded with lentiviruses yielded titer-dependent transgene expression in vitro. Lentivirus activity on both biomaterials was maintained for at least 5 days. When implanted subcutaneously in rats, POC and PGS with immobilized lentivirus exhibited sustained and localized transgene expression for at least 5 weeks. This research demonstrates that lentivirus immobilization on POC and PGS is feasible and potentially useful for a variety of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.
Stability of Saffron Pigments in Aqueous Extracts (1993)

ABSTRACT The effect of pH, light, temperature and oxygen on the stability of saffron pigments in aqueous extracts has been studied. First‐order kinetics for the degradation of saffron pigments was observed for all experimental conditions. Kinetic data were calculated from the values of the coloring power of saffron aqueous extracts.
Reduction in adherence of <i>Actinomyces viscosus</i> after exposure to low‐frequency acoustic energy (1992)

The ability of low-frequency (200 Hz) acoustic energy to reduce the adherence of Actinomyces viscosus T14V to saliva-treated hydroxyapatite (SHA) disks was studied. An acoustic pressure range between 0 and 65 kPa and exposure durations between 0 and 8 min were used to study the levels necessary to significantly alter adherence. The effects of acoustic exposure on both bacteria in liquid and bacteria already adhering to SHA disks were studied. A modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to assess bacterial adherence. For bacterial suspensions exposed prior to addition to SHA disks, it was found that reductions in adherence were greater for lower bacterial concentrations. Exposure of bacteria already adhering to SHA disks resulted in a decrease in adherence that was independent of the bacterial concentration and linearly related to the logarithm of the exposure duration. In addition to affecting adherence, acoustic energy also dispersed bacterial aggregates. Our results support the concept that low-frequency sonic energy applied orally may be of therapeutic value in reducing adherence and colonization of teeth by plaque bacteria.
Grape-Seed Polyphenolic Extract Improves the Eye Phenotype in a<i>Drosophila</i>Model of Tauopathy (2010)

Drosophila models of tauopathies have been developed by transgenically overexpressing the disease-associated forms of tau. In this paper we report for the first time that a recently developed Grape-Seed Polyphenolic Extract (GSPE) improves the eye phenotype of a Drosophila eye model of R406W tau. GSPE-mediated improvements in this distinct in vivo neurodegeneration model for protein misfolding/aggregation suggest that GSPE may have therapeutic value in disorders involving aberrant protein aggregation.