gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cathepsin D and beta-hexosaminidase synthesized in the presence of 1-deoxynojirimycin accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum. (1984)

Biosynthesis, transport, and maturation of cathepsin D and beta-hexosaminidase was examined in fibroblasts exposed to 1-deoxynojirimycin, a glucose analogue known to inhibit trimming glucosidases (Saunier, B., Kilker, R. D., Jr., Tkacz, J. S., Quaroni, A., and Herscovics, A. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 14155-14161; Hettkamp, H., Bause, E., and Legler, G. (1982) Biosci. Rep. 2, 899-906). Cells treated with 1-deoxynojirimycin contained precursors of cathepsin D and beta-hexosaminidase larger by about 1-2 kDa than control cells. The shift in molecular size was probably due to glucose residues that were rapidly removed from the precursors in the absence but not in the presence of 1-deoxynojirimycin. In addition, 1-deoxynojirimycin inhibited the glycosylation of the beta-chain precursor of beta-hexosaminidase and the synthesis of glycoproteins, including that of cathepsin D. The proteolytic processing of the larger precursors was retarded by several hours. The delay in proteolytic maturation was secondary to the accumulation of the larger precursors in organelles, which fractionated with membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex. The accumulated cathepsin D precursor contained neither mannose 6-phosphate residues nor complex type oligosaccharides, which are formed in the cis and trans aspects of the Golgi complex. Cathepsin D precursors eventually released from the site of accumulation were apparently deglucosylated, acquired mannose 6-phosphate residues and complex type oligosaccharides, and were transferred into lysosomes as efficiently as in control cells. Our results suggest that transport of cathepsin D from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex depends on removal of glucose residues from its carbohydrate.
Minimally Invasive Kidney Transplantation (2015)

Significant differences exist in intraoperative management of patients undergoing robotic KT and open KT. By tweaking fluid infusion rates and pneumatic pressures and maintaining core body temperature, optimal patient outcomes can be achieved. Pretransplant and posttransplant management is essentially the same.
<i>Saccharomyces Cerevisiae</i> Fungemia, a Possible Consequence of the Treatment of <i>Clostridium Difficile</i> Colitis with a Probioticum (2014)

The yeast Saccharomyces boulardii is a biotherapeutic agent used for the prevention and treatment of several gastrointestinal diseases, such as diarrhoea caused by Clostridium difficile, in addition to the antibiotic therapy. In this study we report a case of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fungemia in a patient with Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea (CDAD) treated orally with S. boulardii in association with vancomycin. The identification of the S. cerevisiae was confirmed by molecular technique. Fungemia is a rare, but a serious complication to treatment with probiotics. We believe it is important to remind the clinicians of this risk when prescribing probiotics, especially to immunocompromised patients.
Text Classification Based on Convolutional Neural Networks and Word Embedding for Low-Resource Languages: Tigrinya (2021)

This article studies convolutional neural networks for Tigrinya (also referred to as Tigrigna), which is a family of Semitic languages spoken in Eritrea and northern Ethiopia. Tigrinya is a “low-resource” language and is notable in terms of the absence of comprehensive and free data. Furthermore, it is characterized as one of the most semantically and syntactically complex languages in the world, similar to other Semitic languages. To the best of our knowledge, no previous research has been conducted on the state-of-the-art embedding technique that is shown here. We investigate which word representation methods perform better in terms of learning for single-label text classification problems, which are common when dealing with morphologically rich and complex languages. Manually annotated datasets are used here, where one contains 30,000 Tigrinya news texts from various sources with six categories of “sport”, “agriculture”, “politics”, “religion”, “education”, and “health” and one unannotated corpus that contains more than six million words. In this paper, we explore pretrained word embedding architectures using various convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to predict class labels. We construct a CNN with a continuous bag-of-words (CBOW) method, a CNN with a skip-gram method, and CNNs with and without word2vec and FastText to evaluate Tigrinya news articles. We also compare the CNN results with traditional machine learning models and evaluate the results in terms of the accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 scoring techniques. The CBOW CNN with word2vec achieves the best accuracy with 93.41%, significantly improving the accuracy for Tigrinya news classification.
Synthesis of novel indolizine derivatives (1991)

Abstract The reaction of a number of γ‐butyrolactones with azole anions is shown to give γ‐substituted butanoic acids in moderate to good yields. The pyrrolyl and indolylbutanoic acids obtained underwent cyclization in a simple one‐pot procedure employing ethyl chloroformate and boron trifluoride etherate. Some aspects of the chemistry of the resulting indolizin‐8‐ones are described.
Origin of Negative Differential Resistance Observed on Bipolar Resistance Switching Device with Ti/Pr<sub>0.7</sub>Ca<sub>0.3</sub>MnO<sub>3</sub>/Pt Structure (2008)

Bipolar resistance switching was investigated on sputtered Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3 (PCMO) sandwiched by Pt- and Ti-electrodes. Based on electrical conductivity measurements and a combination of electron energy loss spectroscopy analysis and transmission electron microscopy observation, we found that the negative differential resistance observed in the forming process originates from the motion of oxygen ions at the Ti/PCMO interface. We propose that the observed resistance switching is caused by an oxidation/reduction reaction at the interface.
Core needle biopsy versus fine needle aspiration biopsy in breast—A historical perspective and opportunities in the modern era (2010)

Breast fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) by palpation is on the decline, due to its limitations in diagnostic accuracy, decreased sensitivity, and its replacement with core needle biopsy (CNB). Despite its decreasing utility, superficial fine-needle aspiration (FNA) in breast is still the main modality for evaluating metastatic lesions, recurrence, and axillary lymph node metastasis. New modalities including proteomic pattern expression and methylation profiling of breast lesions are other promising techniques that can be used as ancillary tests for refining the diagnosis of breast lesions using FNAB. Image-guided breast FNA proves to be a successful alternative with high sensitivity and specificity. In this review, the advantages, disadvantages, and inherent limitations of breast FNA and CNB, and new advanced techniques are discussed.
The Very Long Baseline Array (1994)

The Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) consists of ten high performance antennas and a 20-station correlator. The 25-m-diameter reflector antennas are located geographically to optimize spatial frequency coverage for high-duality imaging using VLBI techniques. The antennas are equipped with receivers for nine frequency bands over the range 300 MHz to 45 GHz. A wideband, high-density, recording system allows unattended operation at a sustained data rate of 125 Mb/s for a day, and peak rates of up to 512 Mb/s. The antennas operate unattended most of the time, and are controlled by a single operator in the Array Operations Center (AOC) at Socorro, NM. The correlator, located in the AOC, supports processing of all observations with the array.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Role of commercial probiotic strains against human pathogen adhesion to intestinal mucus (2007)

The competitive exclusion properties of probiotics as well as their ability to displace and inhibit pathogens are the most importance for therapeutic manipulation of the enteric microbiota. The application of such strategies could contribute to expand the beneficial properties on human health against pathogen infection.
Expression of Foreign Genes in Bombyx mori Larvae Using Baculovirus Vectors (2003)

Baculovirus expression vector systems based on the nuclear polyhedrosis viruses of Autographa californica (AcNPV) and Bombyx mori (BmNPV) are in wide use (1). Our laboratory originally designed the BmNPV system with the objective of using the silkworm, B. mori, as an in vivo host (1a, 2). The silkworm belongs to the order, Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), consisting of herbivorous insect species that feed on foliage plants in the wild. Because of its economic importance in silk production, the silkworm has been domesticated for thousands of years. The larvae have traditionally been cultivated on leaves of the mulberry bush (Morus alba). Furthermore, in recent years, the silkworm has become an ideal multicellular eukaryotic model system for basic research. Although both the AcNPV and BmNPV systems provide highlevel expression of foreign genes using larval hosts (3, 4), the silkworm larva offers several additional advantages, i.e., it is easy to rear, it is large and easy to manipulate, it has a relatively short life cycle (approx 7 wk), and its genetics and biology have been well documented. The availability of automated rearing equipment and the fact that the larvae are nonallergenic to human handlers make scale-up and mass production of recombinant proteins under sterile conditions very attractive.
Development of a generally applicable morphokinetic algorithm capable of predicting the implantation potential of embryos transferred on Day 3 (2016)

This study was funded by Vitrolife A/S, Denmark and Vitrolife AB, Sweden. B.M.P.'s company BMP Analytics is performing consultancy for Vitrolife A/S. M.B. is employed at Vitrolife A/S. M.M.'s company ilabcomm GmbH received honorarium for consultancy from Vitrolife AB. D.K.G. received research support from Vitrolife AB.
Voxel Datacubes for 3D Visualization in Blender (2017)

The growth of computational astrophysics and complexity of multidimensional datasets evidences the need for new versatile visualization tools for both analysis and presentation of the data. In this work we show how to use the open source software Blender as a 3D visualization tool to study and visualize numerical simulation results, focusing on astrophysical hydrodynamic experiments. With a datacube as input, the software can generate a volume rendering of the 3D data, show the evolution of a simulation in time, and do a fly-around camera animation to highlight the points of interest. We explain the process to import simulation outputs into Blender using the Voxel Data format, and how to set up a visualization scene in the software interface. This method allows scientists to perform a complementary visual analysis of their data, and display their results in an appealing way, both for outreach and science presentations.
Clinical tumour markers in ovarian cancer. (1998)

Within past few years, the measurement of serological, histochemical and molecular genetic markers has had an increasing influence on clinical decisions about initial treatment and follow-up. This review presents data concerning the most studied and interesting markers in ovarian cancer. CA 125, CA 19.9, TATI, CASA, CEA, TPA, TPS and CYFRA21-1 are now the most widely used serological tumour markers for management of ovarian cancer patients. Ras oncogenes, C-erb2 proto-oncogene, p53 suppressor gene and Bcl-2 oncogene are examples of currently used molecular genetic markers. As histochemical markers-proliferation markers, flow cytometric analysis, thymidine labelling index, Ki-67 nuclear antigen or differentiation markers are nowadays the ones most often determined. Some of these markers might be useful adjuncts for monitoring response to therapy, including early detection of tumour reactivation to allow curative therapy and rapid detection of treatment failure. The study of these markers may also lead to a better understanding of the biological characteristics of ovarian cancer. Numerous tumour markers characterized in this paper have been recognized as promising prognostic factors. The information derived from studies of these markers also represents the most promising avenue towards new treatment strategies; nevertheless to validate these factors, prospective studies of a large patient population are needed.
The Edinburgh CT and genetic diagnostic criteria for lobar intracerebral haemorrhage associated with cerebral amyloid angiopathy: model development and diagnostic test accuracy study (2018)

UK Medical Research Council, The Stroke Association, and The Wellcome Trust.
Evolutionary architectures and techniques for video distribution on fiber (1989)

A number of proposed and/or demonstrated approaches to video distribution on fiber are highlighted. Each of the architectures described embodies a different combination of delivery mode, degree of fiber utilization, transmission format, and multiplexing technique. The various approaches typically rely on different classes of technologies and can result in different service capabilities. Since available technologies and service demands generally evolve with time, the architectures are presented in an evolutionary manner, beginning with those that appear technologically and economically feasible in the early 1990s, and ending with more sophisticated techniques targeted for the late 1990s and beyond. For each time frame, key technology and system issues are stressed, as well as limits and driving forces that may trigger evolution to later, more advanced architectures. The key design considerations that are common to all of these approaches and the factors that will ultimately govern the pace of evolution from one class of architectures to another are summarized.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathophysiology and Treatments (2018)

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). It has long been recognized as a microvascular disease. The diagnosis of DR relies on the detection of microvascular lesions. The treatment of DR remains challenging. The advent of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy demonstrated remarkable clinical benefits in DR patients; however, the majority of patients failed to achieve clinically-significant visual improvement. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of new treatments. Laboratory and clinical evidence showed that in addition to microvascular changes, inflammation and retinal neurodegeneration may contribute to diabetic retinal damage in the early stages of DR. Further investigation of the underlying molecular mechanisms may provide targets for the development of new early interventions. Here, we present a review of the current understanding and new insights into pathophysiology in DR, as well as clinical treatments for DR patients. Recent laboratory findings and related clinical trials are also reviewed.
Validating an object placement planner for robotic pick-and-place tasks (2014)

This paper proposes an object placement planner for a grasped object during pick-and-place tasks. The proposed planner automatically determines the pose of an object that is stably placed near a user-assigned point on the environment surface. In our proposed method, first the polygon models of both the object and the environment are clustered, with each cluster being approximated by a planar region. The position/orientation of an object placed on the environment surface can be determined by selecting a pair of clusters: one from the object and the other from the environment. We furthermore conduct several tests to determine the position/orientation of the object, namely the Convexity Test, the Contact Test and the Stability Test. We demonstrate that, by using the polygon model of the environment that is obtained by means of conversion of the point cloud, we can determine the position/orientation of an object and can thereby realize a pick-and-place task.
Tele-autonomous systems: Methods and architectures for intermingling autonomous and telerobotic technology (2005)

As a result of recent advances in artificial intelligence, human cognitive modelling, autonomous systems and telerobotics, there is an opportunity to broaden our concepts of technology for projecting action at a distance. We draw on these advances to develop a conceptual and architectural framework that enables efficient projection in time and space of intermingled manipulation and cognition tasks. Where AI-based autonomous systems have previously been concerned with human supervisory intervention primarily at a cognitive level, we add methods for rendezvous, capture and rehandoff of embedded manipulation tasks. Where telerobotics has been concerned with the projection of sensory-motor manipulation, we add the projection of cognitive processing. Thus extended, the two technologies mirror one another and merge into one of "tele-autonomous systems". We introduce notions of how the sensory, cognitive and motor functions of tele-autonomous systems can be factored and transferred back and forth between human and machine. We illustrate how the times to complete tele-autonomous tasks can be reduced through time and space constraint relaxations effected through simple controls: We employ the concepts of forward simulation and predictor display, augmented by "time and position clutches", "time ratio controls" and "time brakes", to control the resulting manipulation paths and event transitions. We sketch some generic architectural and human interface implications of these methods. Finally, we describe our environment for exploring these methods and the results of some recent experiments.
Infective Endocarditis (1998)

Fisher, Edward A.; Fisher, Laura L.; Fuster, Valentin; Goldman, Martin E. Author Information
Plasma Immunoadsorption Therapy for Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Critical Day for Initiation. (2002)

Immunoadsorption plasmapheresis (IAPP) is a method of removing circulating immune factors that is used to treat Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). We retrospectively analyzed the data on our GBS patients. In 21 patients treated with IAPP, linear regression analysis showed that the time from the onset of symptoms to the initiation of IAPP was correlated with the time required for improvement by one Hughes functional grade. We investigated the critical day for initiating treatment, which we defined as the day when initiation of IAPP was significantly more likely to improve function by at least one Hughes grade when compared with the outcome in patients receiving supportive therapy (non-IAPP group). The critical day was found to be day 6 after the onset of GBS.
Biology of Populus and its implications for management and conservation (1996)

Poplar is increasingly recognized as an excellent model tree for the study of tree growth and its underlying physiology and genetics. By studying trees of the genus Populus (poplars, cottonwoods, aspens), which in their native ecosystems play a major role in the re-colonization of sites after disturbances, new insights have been gained into plantation culture and the development of improved cultivars. Of the 20 chapters in this publication, authored by an international group of researchers, one section deals with systematics, genetics, genetic manipulation and biotic interactions of Populus, while the other deals with stress response and the physiology of growth and productivity.
Conquering China: The Canadian Combination (1993)

Canadian architectural/engineering firms are doing hundreds of millions of dollars of consulting business in the People's Republic of China. Their advantages include well-connected agents, infinite patience, and excellent track records. Several firms are discussed, including the Toronto-based Bregman & Hamann Architects, which may have captured the lion's share of Chinese contracts; the Webb Zerafa Menkes Housden Partnership; Yolles Partnership, consulting structural engineers; and engineering consultants Marshall Macklin Monaghan. Executives discuss business protocol, including the role of contacts and socializing and the innate Chinese conservatism; the extent of subcontracting, getting fees out of China, and unusual aspects of Chinese construction practice. A sidebar by Candace Port-Hull reviews economic trends in China, including the threat of a slowdown.
Self-learning fuzzy neural networks and computer vision for control of pulsed GTAW (1997)

The objective of this research is to apply intelligent control methodology to improve weld quality. Based on fuzzy logic and artificial neural network theory, a self-learning fuzzy and neural network control scheme has been developed for real-time control of pulsed gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). Using an industrial TV camera as the sensor, the weld face width of the weld pool, i.e., the feedback signal in the closed loop system, is obtained by computer image processing techniques. The computer vision providing process status information in real-time is an integral part of self-learning fuzzy neural control system. Such a system enables adaptive altering of welding parameters to compensate for changing environments. The experiments on the control of the pulsed GTAW process show that the scheme presented in this paper can be used to control complicated variables such as encountered in welding processes.
The Bad Truth about Laplace's Transform (2008)

Inverting the Laplace transform is a paradigm for exponentially ill-posed problems. For a class of operators, including the Laplace transform, we give forward and inverse formulae that have fast implementations using the fast Fourier transform. These formulae lead easily to regularized inverses whose effects on noise and filtered data can be precisely described. Our results give cogent reasons for the general sense of dread most mathematicians feel about inverting the Laplace transform.
Authentication, Authorization and Mobility in Openow-enabled Enterprise Wireless Networks (2012)

Large-scale 802.11 wireless networks may benefit from Openflow deployment on its Access Points and other forwarding devices combined with centralized management of data flows on an Openflow controller. The reason is that services such as authentication or routing can be provided in an easier way and more efficiently when operating on a full view of the network rather than dealing with distributed state on the individual devices. The interaction of Openflow with mechanisms in wireless networks such as authentication, authorization and mobility of clients may yield new possibilities such as enabling roaming between APs or networks, enhancing handover or providing alternate means of authentication. For instance, computing a set of neighboring APs that the client frequently roams to may enable faster handover due to preauthenticating the station with the neighbors before roaming. The present student project report aims to explore ways to incorporate Openflow into an enterprise wireless network. It presents three examples of an Openflow-enabled architecture in terms of authentication, authorization and mobility. Furthermore, it describes the deployment of a prototype of one of these architectures in the Berlin Open Wireless Lab (BOWL) testbed, substituting the Linux bridge with the implementation of an Openflow-enabled virtual switch. Correct behavior in terms of authentication, authorization and handover were validated and an unexpected issue of flooding 802.1x frames was observed and corrected. This work is a proof-of-concept of how Openflow can be deployed in an enterprise Wireless network and proposes alternative architectures that require more implementation work, but enable features such as authentication to an arbitrary server and load balancing.