gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Current possibilities of the treatment of severe forms of nonspecific ulcerative colitis]. (1991)

Treatment of patients with a severe form of nonspecific ulcer colitis with subtotal alteration of the colon is described. The disease was complicated by intestinal bleeding which could not be arrested by conservative therapy, so the Hartman operation was performed. Not traditional methods of treatment of ulcer colitis were used such as drainage of the thoracic lymph duct, lymphocytapheresis, lymphosorption, plasmapheresis which allowed to stabilize the patient's state and to perform radical proctectomy, subtotal colectomy with blind gut descended to the anal canal.
Simplified prototyping of perfusable polystyrene microfluidics (2014)

Cell culture in microfluidic systems has primarily been conducted in devices comprised of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or other elastomers. As polystyrene (PS) is the most characterized and commonly used substrate material for cell culture, microfluidic cell culture would ideally be conducted in PS-based microsystems that also enable tight control of perfusion and hydrodynamic conditions, which are especially important for culture of vascular cell types. Here, we report a simple method to prototype perfusable PS microfluidics for endothelial cell culture under flow that can be fabricated using standard lithography and wet laboratory equipment to enable stable perfusion at shear stresses up to 300 dyn/cm(2) and pumping pressures up to 26 kPa for at least 100 h. This technique can also be extended to fabricate perfusable hybrid PS-PDMS microfluidics of which one application is for increased efficiency of viral transduction in non-adherent suspension cells by leveraging the high surface area to volume ratio of microfluidics and adhesion molecules that are optimized for PS substrates. These biologically compatible microfluidic devices can be made more accessible to biological-based laboratories through the outsourcing of lithography to various available microfluidic foundries.
Evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Aloysia triphylla. (2011)

The volatile chemical constituents of Lemon verbena (Aloysia triphylla) were extracted by modified steam distillation method and determined by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Forty-three components were separated and 35 of them were determined qualitatively and quantitatively, which represented about 96.05%. The major component was citral (14.21%) and seven components were identified as main components (more than 4%) i.e., β-caryophyllene (10.71%), 1, 8-cineole (9.1%), Citronellol (8.87%), iso-menthone (6.43%), α-bergamotene (5.33%), menthonol (5.10%) and p-cymene (4.23%). The resulting oil was tested for its radical scavenging activity employing 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Through all concentrations (5, 10 and 15 μL) for DPPH assay moderate radical scavenging activity compared to BHA. A. triphylla essential oil was tested against six Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, three phytopathogenic fungi and pathogenic yeast. A. triphylla essential oil exhibited an interesting antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. No antibacterial activity was observed against Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. A. triphylla essential oil partially inhibited the growth of the fungal strains and pathogenic yeast was observed against Phanerochaete chysosporium, Trichoderma reesei and Candida albicans. No antifungal effect was observed against Trichoderma viride.
Assessing apoptosis: a critical survey. (1999)

Much progress has been made in the understanding of the process of apoptosis and there is a burgeoning literature pointing to it being a key phenomenon in tissue homeostasis. Moreover it is clear that derangements of the apoptotic cascade and its regulation can occur in a variety of disease states including in cancer. Many methods exist for the demonstration of apoptosis but some are not quantifiable. Others, such as enumeration of apoptotic bodies or end-labelling techniques, lend themselves to quantification. However, poor methods of quantification are sometimes employed. In this review, the methodological problems that can affect the assessment of apoptosis are discussed and suggestions made for more rigorous approaches.
The influence of deformation bands upon fluid flow using profile permeametry and positron emission tomography (2001)

Cataclastic deformation bands are significant discontinuities in sandstone reservoirs since they have dramatically reduced porosity and permeability relative to their host rock, despite their mm‐scale displacements. Consequently, these discontinuities often have a large impact upon the flow of fluids at both micro and macro‐scales. The effect of this impact in highly porous sandstone has been analyzed using a range of novel and conventional techniques, including pressure decay profile permeametry (PDPK) and positron emission tomography (PET). There are greater reductions in PDPK permeability in deformation bands relative to their host rock compared to conventional nitrogen permeametry measurements. This apparent discrepancy is the outcome of the higher spatial resolution of PDPK technique in measurements of much smaller rock volumes. There are greater porosity reductions using image analysis than conventional core techniques. These changes are reflected in a significant increase in irreducible water saturations (S wi ) in deformation bands indicating much reduced fluid storage capacities. PET was used to monitor fluid flow as a function of pore volume of a sandstone plug containing deformation bands, demonstrating the direct effect of deformation bands as a potential barrier to fluid flow. The results of this study provide a detailed characterization of deformation bands at high resolution, which can be included in advanced reservoir simulation models.
Gripper self-alignment for autonomous pole-grasping with a biped climbing robot (2012)

For biped climbing robots to climb poles, trusses or trees with dual grippers, it is required that the grippers are aligned with the target objects before they grasp for climbing or manipulating. However, this requirement is difficult to meet in practice with programming control, teaching-and-playback, or remote control with a joystick, due to the mobility of the base gripper, the manufacturing and control errors of the robot, and other uncertainty. It is hence necessary and significant for the grippers to be autonomously aligned with the target under utilization of sensors. In this paper, we develop a sensing system by integrating multiple sensors including a camera, a laser scanning range finder and two ultrasonic distance sensors to detect the relative configuration of a gripper with respect to the target to grasp, and then present an algorithm based on the sensor information to adjust the gripper configuration for alignment with the grasping target. In the experiments with our biped climbing robot Climbot, the gripper can grasp a static pole autonomously and can even follow a moving pole. The effectiveness and real-time of the sensing system and the self-alignment algorithm have been verified by the experiments.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Synthesis of Pyrazole Derivatives via β‐Enamino Keto Esters. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Carbon Reduction Measures-Based LCA of Prefabricated Temporary Housing with Renewable Energy Systems (2018)

Temporary housing plays an important role in providing secure, hygienic, private, and comfortable shelter in the aftermath of disaster (such as flood, fire, earthquake, etc.). Additionally, temporary housing can also be used as a sustainable form of on-site residences for construction workers. While most of the building components used in temporary housing can be manufactured in a plant, prefabrication technology improves the production efficiency of temporary housing; furthermore, integrated renewable energy systems, for example, solar photovoltaic (PV) system, offer benefits for temporary housing operations. In order to assess the environmental impacts of prefabricated temporary housing equipped with renewable energy systems, this study first divides the life cycle of temporary housing into six stages, and then establishes a life cycle assessment (LCA) model for each stage. Furthermore, with the aim of reducing the environmental impacts, life cycle carbon reduction measures are proposed for each stage of temporary housing. The proposed methodology is demonstrated using a case study in China. Based on the proposed carbon reduction measures, the LCA of a prefabricated temporary housing case study building equipped with renewable energy systems indicates a carbon emissions intensity of 35.7 kg/m2·per year, as well as a reduction in material embodied emissions of 18%, assembly emissions of 17.5%, and operational emissions of 91.5%. This research proposes a carbon reduction-driven LCA of temporary housing and contributes to promoting sustainable development of prefabricated temporary housing equipped with renewable energy systems.
Fabrication and performance of selectively oxidized vertical-cavity lasers (1995)

We report the high yield fabrication and reproducible performance of selectively oxidized vertical-cavity surface emitting lasers. We show that linear oxidation rates of AlGaAs without an induction period allows reproducible fabrication of buried oxide current apertures within monolithic distributed Bragg reflectors. The oxide layers do not induce obvious crystalline defects, and continuous wave operation in excess of 650 h has been obtained. The high yield fabrication enables relatively high laser performance over a wide wavelength span. We observe submilliamp threshold currents over a wavelength range of up to 75 nm, and power conversion efficiencies at 1 mW output power of greater than 20% over a 50-nm wavelength range.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
SDN control for hybrid OCS/electrical datacenter networks: An enabler or just a convenience? (2013)

A new SDN control plane architecture for hybrid optical/electrical switch networks is demonstrated. Compared to traditional VLAN-based control, our OpenFlow implementation is more scalable and enables faster reconfiguration of multihop or multipath networks.
Dendritic Mesoporous Silica Nanospheres Synthesized by a Novel Dual-Templating Micelle System for the Preparation of Functional Nanomaterials (2016)

Highly monodisperse, dendritic, and functionalized mesoporous silica nanospheres (MSNs) with sub-200 nm size were synthesized in a one-pot sol-gel reaction, by a dual-templating micelle system consisting of a partially fluorinated short-chain anionic fluorocarbon surfactant and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. This kind of anionic fluorocarbon surfactant works simultaneously as a swelling agent to enlarge the pore of the MSNs, an ion-pair agent to the structure-directing silane in the preparation of amine-functionalized MSNs, and a surface tension reducing agent to make the system thermodynamically more stable for producing more uniform MSNs. The particle size and the morphology of the resultant MSNs can be fine-tuned by changing the amount of the fluorocarbon surfactant added and the ratio of the functional group containing organosilane to tetraethoxysilane. Subsequently, the as-prepared MSNs were used as base materials for the preparation of drug delivery nanomaterials through the surface grafting of a pH-sensitive drug-conjugated polymer and fluorescent nanomaterials through the embedding of europium(III) complex or the immobilization of large molecule fluorescein isothiocyanate-bovine serum albumin.
Enabling Safe Autonomous Vehicles by Advanced mm-Wave Radar Simulations (2019)

In the development of automotive vehicular technology, safety is an essential concern. Intelligent Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) require the automotive radar to detect real objects accurately and neglect false ones. Employing simulation tools to realize real-world scenarios will help engineers design and test these modern systems. In this paper, we present a full-scale electromagnetic (EM) simulation of a 30,422 λ large busy intersection at 77 GHz by utilizing a hybrid hierarchical simulation approach, which employs a combination of ANSYS HFSS Finite Element Method (FEM) solver and the shooting and bouncing rays (SBR+) solver. For proof of concept, we demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed solver by comparing simulated versus analytical results of a canonical object. This study shows a promising potential for simulations to strengthen the development of safe autonomous vehicular technology.
Effective Federated Adaptive Gradient Methods with Non-IID Decentralized Data (2020)

Federated learning allows loads of edge computing devices to collaboratively learn a global model without data sharing. The analysis with partial device participation under non-IID and unbalanced data reflects more reality. In this work, we propose federated learning versions of adaptive gradient methods - Federated AGMs - which employ both the first-order and second-order momenta, to alleviate generalization performance deterioration caused by dissimilarity of data population among devices. To further improve the test performance, we compare several schemes of calibration for the adaptive learning rate, including the standard Adam calibrated by $ε$, $p$-Adam, and one calibrated by an activation function. Our analysis provides the first set of theoretical results that the proposed (calibrated) Federated AGMs converge to a first-order stationary point under non-IID and unbalanced data settings for nonconvex optimization. We perform extensive experiments to compare these federated learning methods with the state-of-the-art FedAvg, FedMomentum and SCAFFOLD and to assess the different calibration schemes and the advantages of AGMs over the current federated learning methods.
A genetic link between an mRNA-specific translational activator and the translation system in yeast mitochondria. (1990)

Translation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondrial mRNA encoding cytochrome c oxidase subunit III (coxIII) specifically requires the products of at least three nuclear genes, PET122, PET494 and PET54. pet122 mutations that remove 24-67 amino acid residues from the carboxyterminus of the gene product were found to be suppressed by unlinked nuclear mutations. These unlinked suppressors fail to suppress both a pet122 missense mutation and a complete pet122 deletion. One of the suppressor mutations causes a heat-sensitive nonrespiratory growth phenotype in an otherwise wild-type strain and reduces translation of all mitochondrial gene products in cells grown at high temperature. This suppressor maps to a newly identified gene on chromosome XV termed PET123. The sequence of a DNA fragment carrying PET123 contains one major open reading frame encoding a basic protein of 318 amino acids. Inactivation of the chromosomal copy of PET123 by interruption of this open reading frame causes cells to become rho- (sustain large deletions in their mtDNA). This phenotype is characteristic for null alleles of genes whose products are essential for general mitochondrial protein synthesis. Thus our data strongly suggest that the PET123 protein is a component of the mitochondrial translation apparatus that interacts directly with the coxIII-mRNA-specific translational activator PET122.
The amyloid precursor protein of Alzheimer's disease is released by human platelets. (1990)

Western blots of normal human platelets, employing a monoclonal antibody raised against the full-length amyloid precursor protein of Alzheimer's disease (APP695), revealed major bands of 100-110 and 120-130 kDa in both cytosolic, membrane, and released fractions. These species were similar in size to forms seen in brain preparations and in plasma. There was no difference in Western blots of platelet preparations from Alzheimer patients compared with controls. Purified platelet amyloid precursor proteins were sequenced and shown to be amino terminally homogeneous. Immunohistochemistry localized the antigen to the platelet and megakaryocyte and demonstrated weak immunostaining of some lymphocytes. Immunoprecipitation of material released from platelets demonstrated that sedimentable full-length APP with the carboxyl-terminal epitope, and soluble APP lacking the carboxyl-terminal epitope, may exist in the circulation. Western blots and carboxyl-terminal and amino-terminal APP radioimmunoassay of material released by platelets in response to stimulation revealed that platelets release APP during degranulation. The function of platelet APP is yet to be determined, but the present studies suggest a role in regulation of the coagulation cascade or in platelet aggregation.
A Simulation Study of a Method to Reduce Positron Annihilation Spread Distributions Using a Strong Magnetic Field in Positron Emission Tomography (1986)

The positron trajectories have been three-dimensionally simulated using a Monte-Carlo method under various strength of the magnetic field. More than 5 tesla of the field confined the positrons effectively, resulting in increase of the probability of the annihilation within a limited small region, hence the higher spatial resolution in positron emission tomography.
Treatment outcome of Singapore residents with pulmonary tuberculosis in the first year after introduction of a computerised treatment surveillance module. (2006)

The findings from the TSM's first year provide a baseline for future programme evaluation.
Improved primer design for PCR-based, site-directed mutagenesis (1992)

Journal Article Improved primer design for PCR-based, site-directed mutagenesis Get access Andrew D. Sharrocks, Andrew D. Sharrocks Max-Planck-lnstitut fÜr ImmunbiologiePostfach 1169, W-7800 Freiburg, FRG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Peter E. Shaw Peter E. Shaw Max-Planck-lnstitut fÜr ImmunbiologiePostfach 1169, W-7800 Freiburg, FRG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 20, Issue 5, 11 March 1992, Page 1147, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/20.5.1147 Published: 11 March 1992 Article history Accepted: 17 January 1992 Published: 11 March 1992
Efficient cw and Q-switch operation of a self-frequency-doubling diode-pumped Nd:Ca/sub 4/Gd/sub 1-x/Nd/sub x/B/sub 3/O/sub 10/ (Nd:GdCOB) crystal (2003)

Summary form only given. Nd:GdCOB has recently been identified as an efficient diode-pumped self-frequency-doubling crystal. As opposed to the more mature NYAB crystal, Nd:GdCOB can be grown in large size (up to 50 mm in diameter and 120 mm long) with good optical quality. In this work, we investigated a Nd:GdCOB crystal pumped with a twice brighter diode than previously. We thus dramatically increased the performances in the green output power (multiplied by a factor 6). We report here results in cw and in Q-switched operation.
The role of p53 in cancer drug resistance and targeted chemotherapy (2016)

Cancer has long been a grievous disease complicated by innumerable players aggravating its cure. Many clinical studies demonstrated the prognostic relevance of the tumor suppressor protein p53 for many human tumor types. Overexpression of mutated p53 with reduced or abolished function is often connected to resistance to standard medications, including cisplatin, alkylating agents (temozolomide), anthracyclines, (doxorubicin), antimetabolites (gemcitabine), antiestrogenes (tamoxifen) and EGFR-inhibitors (cetuximab). Such mutations in the TP53 gene are often accompanied by changes in the conformation of the p53 protein. Small molecules that restore the wild-type conformation of p53 and, consequently, rebuild its proper function have been identified. These promising agents include PRIMA-1, MIRA-1, and several derivatives of the thiosemicarbazone family. In addition to mutations in p53 itself, p53 activity may be also be impaired due to alterations in p53's regulating proteins such as MDM2. MDM2 functions as primary cellular p53 inhibitor and deregulation of the MDM2/p53-balance has serious consequences. MDM2 alterations often result in its overexpression and therefore promote inhibition of p53 activity. To deal with this problem, a judicious approach is to employ MDM2 inhibitors. Several promising MDM2 inhibitors have been described such as nutlins, benzodiazepinediones or spiro-oxindoles as well as novel compound classes such as xanthone derivatives and trisubstituted aminothiophenes. Furthermore, even naturally derived inhibitor compounds such as α-mangostin, gambogic acid and siladenoserinols have been discovered. In this review, we discuss in detail such small molecules that play a pertinent role in affecting the p53-MDM2 signaling axis and analyze their potential as cancer chemotherapeutics.
Chirality as a tool for function in porous organic cages (2017)

The control of solid state assembly for porous organic cages is more challenging than for extended frameworks, such as metal-organic frameworks. Chiral recognition is one approach to achieving this control. Here we investigate chiral analogues of cages that were previously studied as racemates. We show that chiral cages can be produced directly from chiral precursors or by separating racemic cages by co-crystallisation with a second chiral cage, opening up a route to producing chiral cages from achiral precursors. These chiral cages can be cocrystallized in a modular, 'isoreticular' fashion, thus modifying porosity, although some chiral pairings require a specific solvent to direct the crystal into the desired packing mode. Certain cages are shown to interconvert chirality in solution, and the steric factors governing this behavior are explored both by experiment and by computational modelling.
Hybrid Handover in Multihop Radio Access Networks (2005)

Current interest in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) has grown rapidly and can economically extend the boundaries of radio access networks. Recent research and developments indicate that MANETs will be a candidate in many private and public networks. Multihop radio access networks (MRANs) are access networks that provide Internet connectivity to the mobile nodes reside in an ad hoc network, MRANs increase the capacity of the network as well as improving the network coverage area. To provide network connection, more complexity will rise when mobility management extends to handle the location management of mobile nodes in an ad hoc network. The objective of this paper is to address new concepts in mobility management protocols for MRANs. This paper compares the handover performance in MRAN by means of simulation. We propose a generic signalling mechanism in MRANs that extends mobility management to support hybrid handovers. We also present an overhead comparison of proactive and reactive Internet connectivity mechanisms by means of simulation.