gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Screening bulk curvature in the presence of large brane tension (2011)

We study a flat brane solution in an effective $5D$ action for cascading gravity in six dimensions, and propose a mechanism to screen extrinsic curvature in the presence of a large tension on the brane. The screening mechanism leaves the bulk Riemann-flat, thus making it simpler to generalize large extra-dimension dark energy models to higher codimensions. By studying an action with cubic interactions for the brane-bending scalar mode, we find that the perturbed action suffers from ghostlike instabilities for positive tension. The solution can be made ghost-free for sufficiently small negative tension, though the connection to $6D$ cascading gravity is less clear in this case.
A system for automatic alignment of broadcast media captions using weighted finite-state transducers (2015)

We describe our system for alignment of broadcast media captions in the 2015 MGB Challenge. A precise time alignment of previously-generated subtitles to media data is important in the process of caption generation by broadcasters. However, this task is challenging due to the highly diverse, often noisy content of the audio, and because the subtitles are frequently not a verbatim representation of the actual words spoken. Our system employs a two-pass approach with appropriately constrained weighted finite state transducers (WFSTs) to enable good alignment even when the audio quality would be challenging for conventional ASR. The system achieves an f-score of 0.8965 on the MGB Challenge development set.
A proposed SNOMED CT ontology-based encoding methodology for diabetes diagnosis case-base (2014)

Domain knowledge ontology supports the implementation of intelligent Case Based Reasoning (CBR) systems. Standardized terminologies support efficient indexing and processing of patient data. It is an essential element for the implementation of knowledge-based clinical decision support by exploiting pre-defined semantic relationships, both hierarchical and non-hierarchical in nature. Systemized Nomenclature of Medicine-Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT) is the most comprehensive and complete terminology. This paper proposes an encoding methodology for clinical data using SNOMED CT. A case study for a diabetes diagnosis data set will be tested where SNOMED CT provides a concept coverage of ∼75% for its clinical terms. Custom codes will be provided for uncovered terms. The encoded data set is derived from electronic health record database, and it represents a case base knowledge. The collected concept IDs will be used to build a domain ontology for diabetes diagnosis CBR. This ontology contains 550 concept IDs. The encoded case base and the domain ontology can be used to build a knowledge intensive CBR.
Stability and Normal Zone Propagation Speed in YBCO Coated Conductors With Increased Interfacial Resistance (2009)

We will discuss how stability and speed of normal zone propagation in YBCO-coated conductors is affected by interfacial resistance between the superconducting film and the stabilizer. Our numerical simulation has shown that the increased interfacial resistance substantially increases speed of normal zone propagation and decreases the stability margins. Optimization of the value of the resistance may lead to a better compromise between stability and quench protection requirements than what is found in currently manufactured coated conductors.
Turbo receivers for interleave-division multiple-access systems (2009)

In this paper several turbo receivers for Interleave-Division Multiple-Access (IDMA) systems will be discussed. The multiple access system model is presented first. The optimal, Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) algorithm, is then presented. It will be shown that the use of a precoding technique at the emitter side is applicable to IDMA systems. Several low complexity Multi-User Detector (MUD), based on the Gaussian approximation, will be next discussed. It will be shown that the MUD with Probabilistic Data Association (PDA) algorithm provides faster convergence of the turbo receiver. The discussed turbo receivers will be evaluated by means of Bit Error Rate (BER) simulations and EXtrinsic Information Transfer (EXIT) charts.
A study of defects in sputtered TiN coatings by electrochemical polarization (1986)

Reactively rf‐sputtered TiN coatings were studied by taking electrochemical polarization measurements in an aerated 0.01N HCl aqueous solution. The substrate materials were Fe‐based alloy INCOLOY 800 and Ni‐based ODS alloy MA 6000. The effects of sputtering process parameters, such as deposition time, power, nitrogen partial pressure, bias voltage, and substrate temperature were studied. The electrochemical polarization of the thin coatings was compared with the polarization of the uncoated substrates. The observed polarization behavior of TiN coatings was correlated to structural details studied by scanning electron microscopy. The results of these tests are presented and discussed. TiN coatings produced by optimized parameters proved to be completely dense. The changes in process parameters gave clear indication in electrochemical polarization behavior. Some structural defects, such as nodules, were clearly indicated in the electrochemical measurement. The polarization measurements offer a sensitive method for discovering the existence of open porosity and other open structural defects, which are difficult to localize using other methods, and for determining the microstructural quality of the sputtered TiN coatings.
Table‐based Alpha Compression (2009)

Abstract In this paper we investigate low‐bitrate compression of scalar textures such as alpha maps, down to one or two bits per pixel. We present two new techniques for 4 × 4 blocks, based on the idea from ETC to use index tables. We demonstrate that although the visual quality of the alpha maps is greatly reduced at these low bit rates, the quality of the final rendered images appears to be sufficient for a wide range of applications, thus allowing bandwidth savings of up to 75%. The 2 bpp version improves PSNR with over 2 dB compared to BTC at the same bit rate. The 1 bpp version is, to the best of our knowledge, the first public 1 bpp texture compression algorithm, which makes comparison hard. However, compared to just DXT5‐compressing a subsampled texture, our 1 bpp technique improves PSNR with over 2 dB. Finally, we show that some aspects of the presented algorithms are also useful for the more common bit rate of four bits per pixel, achieving PSNR scores around 1 dB better than DXT5, over a set of test images.
On token protocols for high-speed multiple-ring networks (2002)

A token ring protocol which restricts the transmission rights to the station possessing the token is not a good candidate for driving a gigabit network. As the network's transmission rate becomes higher, the impact of the token transition time (which is idle) becomes more pronounced and the effective throughput of the network becomes a smaller and smaller fraction of the nominal channel capacity. The authors present a family of token passing protocols for ring networks which are devoid of this unpleasant property. The protocols are simple and inexpensive, yet they possess a number of advantageous properties: high capacity (similar to METARING and independent of the propagation length of the ring), fairness, and natural accommodation of synchronous and isochronous traffic.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting—Can It Be Eliminated? (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Levuglandin Forms Adducts with Histone H4 in a Cyclooxygenase-2-Dependent Manner, Altering Its Interaction with DNA (2014)

Inflammation and subsequent cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity has long been linked with the development of cancer, although little is known about any epigenetic effects of COX-2. A product of COX-2 activation, levuglandin (LG) quickly forms covalent bonds with nearby primary amines, such as those in lysine, which leads to LG-protein adducts. Here, we demonstrate that COX-2 activity causes LG-histone adducts in cultured cells and liver tissue, detectable through LC-MS, with the highest incidence in histone H4. Adduction is blocked by a γ-ketoaldehyde scavenger, which has no effect on COX-2 activity as measured by PGE2 production. Formation of the LG-histone adduct is associated with an increased histone solubility in NaCl, indicating destabilization of the nucleosome structure; this is also reversed with scavenger treatment. These data demonstrate that COX-2 activity can cause histone adduction and loosening of the nucleosome complex, which could lead to altered transcription and contribute to carcinogenesis.
Understanding the seismic disorder attribute and its applications (2016)

While reflections associated with conformal sedimentary layers are usually coherent and continuous, other reflections, such as mass-transport complexes, karst collapse, and salt, may appear to be quite chaotic, without any specific orientation. We also may see chaotic events that have little to do with the target geology but rather are artifacts due to variations in the overburden and surface or budget limitations resulting in a suboptimum acquisition program. While some of these artifact issues can be handled at the time of processing, a certain level of randomness remains in most seismic data volumes. Geologic features of interpretational interest, such as fault damage zones, unconformities, and gas chimneys, often have randomness associated with them. The published work on randomness describes techniques such as cross correlation, which measures randomness associated with noise, the chaos attribute based on eigen-analysis of gradient covariance, and the seismic disorder attribute based on application of second derivative operators in the three axial directions in a 3D seismic volume. We apply the seismic disorder attribute to two different data sets and find that it is a useful attribute for assessing the signal-to-noise ratio and data quality, in addition to helping delineate damage zones associated with large faults and the interior of salt dome structures.
Estimation of neural network model parameters from local field potentials (LFPs) (2020)

Most modeling in systems neuroscience has been descriptive where neural representations such as 'receptive fields', have been found by statistically correlating neural activity to sensory input. In the traditional physics approach to modelling, hypotheses are represented by mechanistic models based on the underlying building blocks of the system, and candidate models are validated by comparing with experiments. Until now validation of mechanistic cortical network models has been based on comparison with neuronal spikes, found from the high-frequency part of extracellular electrical potentials. In this computational study we investigated to what extent the low-frequency part of the signal, the local field potential (LFP), can be used to validate and infer properties of mechanistic cortical network models. In particular, we asked the question whether the LFP can be used to accurately estimate synaptic connection weights in the underlying network. We considered the thoroughly analysed Brunel network comprising an excitatory and an inhibitory population of recurrently connected integrate-and-fire (LIF) neurons. This model exhibits a high diversity of spiking network dynamics depending on the values of only three network parameters. The LFP generated by the network was computed using a hybrid scheme where spikes computed from the point-neuron network were replayed on biophysically detailed multicompartmental neurons. We assessed how accurately the three model parameters could be estimated from power spectra of stationary 'background' LFP signals by application of convolutional neural nets (CNNs). All network parameters could be very accurately estimated, suggesting that LFPs indeed can be used for network model validation.
In Vitro Activities of the Rx-01 Oxazolidinones against Hospital and Community Pathogens (2008)

Rx-01_423 and Rx-01_667 are two members of the family of oxazolidinones that were designed using a combination of computational and medicinal chemistry and conventional biological techniques. The compounds have a two- to eightfold-improved potency over linezolid against serious gram-positive pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), multidrug-resistant streptococci, and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. This enhanced potency extends to the coverage of linezolid-resistant gram-positive microbes, especially multidrug-resistant enterococci and pneumococci. Compounds from this series expand the spectrum compared with linezolid to include fastidious gram-negative organisms like Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis. Like linezolid, the Rx-01 compounds are bacteriostatic against MRSA and enterococci but are generally bactericidal against S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae.
Massive Parallel Laser Shock Peening: Simulation, Verification, and Analysis (2005)

Laser shock peening (LSP) is a surface treatment process to improve the surface integrity of metallic components. The nearly pure mechanical process of LSP results in favorable surface integrity such as compressive residual stress and improved surface material properties. Since LSP is a transient process with laser pulse duration time on the order of 40 ns, real time in-situ measurement of laser/material interaction is very challenging, if not impossible. A fundamental understanding of laser/material interactions is essential for LSP planning. Previous finite element simulations of LSP have been limited to a single laser shock location for both two and three dimensional modeling. However, actual LSP are performed in a massively parallel mode which involves almost simultaneous multi-laser/material interactions in order to induce uniform compressive residual stress across the entire surface of the workpiece. The massively parallel laser/material interactions have a significant compound/interfering effect on the resulting surface integrity of the workpiece. The numerical simulation of shock pressure as a function of time and space during LSP is another critical problem. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of parallel multiple laser/material interactions on the stress/strain distributions in the workpiece during LSP of AISI 52100 steel. FEA simulations of LSP in single and multiple passes were performed with the developed spatial and temporal shock pressure model via a subroutine. The simulated residual stresses agree with the measured data in nature and trend, while magnitude can be influenced by the interactions between neighboring peening zones and the locations of residual stress measurement. Design-of-experiment (DOE) based simulations of massive parallel LSP were also performed to determine the effects of laser intensity, laser spot size, and peening spacing on stresses and strains. Increasing the laser intensity increases both the stress magnitude and affected depth. The use of smaller laser spot sizes decreases the largest magnitude of residual stress and also decreases the depth affected by LSP. Larger spot sizes have less energy attenuation and cause more plastic deformation. Spacing between peening zones is critical for the uniformity of mechanical properties across the surface. The greatest uniformity and largest stress magnitudes are achieved by overlapping of the laser spots.
A standard-television compatible 648*487 pixel Schottky-barrier infrared CCD image sensor (1992)

Describes a 648*487 pixel PtSi Schottky-barrier infrared CCD image sensor. Due to the development of the modified inverted-LOCOS process, which can minimize dead regions, and the two-dopant concentration structure, which achieves both a large charge capability and high transfer efficiency, a 40% fill factor in a 21- mu m*21- mu m pixel and a 0.1-K noise equivalent temperature difference were obtained.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Precise anatomy localization in CT data by an improved probabilistic tissue type atlas (2016)

Automated interpretation of CT scans is an important, clinically relevant area as the number of such scans is increasing rapidly and the interpretation is time consuming. Anatomy localization is an important prerequisite for any such interpretation task. This can be done by image-to-atlas registration, where the atlas serves as a reference space for annotations such as organ probability maps. Tissue type based atlases allow fast and robust processing of arbitrary CT scans. Here we present two methods which significantly improve organ localization based on tissue types. A first problem is the definition of tissue types, which until now is done heuristically based on experience. We present a method to determine suitable tissue types from sample images automatically. A second problem is the restriction of the transformation space: all prior approaches use global affine maps. We present a hierarchical strategy to refine this global affine map. For each organ or region of interest a localized tissue type atlas is computed and used for a subsequent local affine registration step. A three-fold cross validation on 311 CT images with different fields-of-view demonstrates a reduction of the organ localization error by 33%.
Evaluation of a novel antimicrobial (lauric arginate ester) substance against biofilm of <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157:H7, <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>, and <i>Salmonella</i> spp. (2017)

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the activity of a novel antimicrobial substance lauric arginate ester (LAE) against selected foodborne pathogens (Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp.) in biofilm. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined and showed that LAE exhibits a strong antimicrobial activity. Biofilms were grown on abiotic stainless steel, rubber, MBEC biofilm device) and biotic (lettuce) surfaces. The efficacy of LAE (50, 100 and 200 ppm) at reducing the biofilm cells on these surfaces was examined by applying LAE for 2 h. Results revealed that LAE exhibited the reduction in biofilm bacteria up to 7 log CFU cm−2, 3.5 log CFU cm−2, 4.0 log CFU peg−1 and 1.5 log CFU cm−2 on stainless steel, rubber, MBEC and lettuce surfaces, respectively. Overall, these results suggest that LAE has been shown to be a potential alternative to control bacteria in biofilm mode in food industry.
Effect of talc on thermal stability and flame retardancy of polycarbonate/PSBPBP composite (2012)

Abstract A novel flame retardant poly(3‐aminopropyl methylsiloxane bis(3‐hydroxy phenyl spirocyclic pentaerythritol bisphosphate)) (PSBPBP) in combination with talc was blended into polycarbonate (PC) by melt compounding. The flame retardancy and thermal stability of PC/PSBPBP/talc composites were investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, UL‐94 rating test, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman spectroscopy (RS), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The mechanical properties were also measured in this work. Increasing talc content leads to observed improvement on flame retardancy of PC composites. LOI value of PC/PSBPBP/10 wt % talc system was 34, and this system passed V0 rating in the UL‐94 test. The char yield at 700°C was 28.2% and the onset decomposition temperature shifted up to 540°C for PC/10% PSBPBP/10% talc system in TGA. In the Raman measure, the R value and G linewidth of PC/PSBPBP with 10 wt % talc composite increased to 1.41 and 65 cm −1 from 1.12 and 43 cm −1 of pure PC, respectively. The Raman results suggest that the char residue of PC/PSBPBP with talc composites was denser and had better barrier property, which is agreement with the SEM results. Besides, talc had no remarkable influence on the mechanical properties of PC/PSBPBP composites. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Ex Parte Young (2008)

Ex parte Young does not represent an exception to ordinary principles of sovereign immunity, it does not employ a legal fiction, it does not imply a novel cause of action under the Constitution or other federal law, and it does not create a paradox by treating officers as state actors for one purpose and private persons for another. The conventional wisdom is wrong with respect to all those issues for the same reason: Young was about a traditional tool of equity, the injunction to restrain proceedings at law, or anti-suit injunction. By seeking an anti-suit injunction, a potential defendant at law can become a plaintiff in equity and present a defense in an affirmative posture. Asserting defenses against the government, like the railroads ' constitutional defenses at issue in Young, does not offend sovereign immunity, so it does not require a fiction to cover up a violation of sovereign immunity. Anti-suit injunctions have long been a standard tool of equity, and so in approving one the Court in Young did not recognize a novel cause of action applicable only to government officers, and for that reason did not encounter a paradox. This Article elaborates on the argument just described, discusses the extent to which the opinion in Ex parte Young reflects the fact that it involved an anti-suit injunction, and briefly considers the contemporary implications of this way of understanding this foundational case.
Dynamic Thin Laminar Flow Method for Making Protein Monolayers (1997)

This paper describes a new way to make protein monolayers rapidly. This process reduces the protein contact time at the air−water interface, which subsequently prevents structural alteration. High-speed protein monolayer preparations are obtained by confining proteins in a thin laminar flow liquid film at various speeds. A prototype made of a rotating glass cylinder compressing cytochrome P450scc validated this method. The cytochrome P450 monolayers were verified by optical microscopy, TEM, STM, and AFM. Possible protein 1D crystallites were observed. A rate of protein monolayer preparation up to 2 cm/s was easily obtained. This method is suitable for continuous protein monolayer production and fine particle coating.