gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Imaginative Generative Adversarial Network: Automatic Data Augmentation for Dynamic Skeleton-Based Hand Gesture and Human Action Recognition (2021)

Deep learning approaches deliver state-of-the-art performance in recognition of spatiotemporal human motion data. However, one of the main challenges in these recognition tasks is limited available training data. Insufficient training data results in over-fitting and data augmentation is one approach to address this challenge. Existing data augmentation strategies based on scaling, shifting and interpolating offer limited generalizability and typically require detailed inspection of the dataset as well as hundreds of GPU hours for hyperparameter optimization. In this paper, we present a novel automatic data augmentation model, the Imaginative Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), that approximates the distribution of the input data and samples new data from this distribution. It is automatic in that it requires no data inspection and little hyperparameter tuning and therefore it is a low-cost and low-effort approach to generate synthetic data. We demonstrate our approach on small-scale skeleton-based datasets with a comprehensive experimental analysis. Our results show that the augmentation strategy is fast to train and can improve classification accuracy for both conventional neural networks and state-of-the-art methods.
A three-dimensional measuring system based on 2D laser displacement sensor (2014)

3D(Three-dimensional) measurement has found its applications in the fields of automation process, Reverse engineering(RE), machine vision, as well as medical diagnostic. There are some disadvantages in the present 3D measurement methods. In this paper, a 2D laser displacement sensor-based and fast-dimensional surface measurement method for small size objects was proposed after analyzing the existing three-dimensional measurement methods. This method uses the information collected by 2D laser displacement sensor and encoder in pan-tilt to three-dimensional reconstruct 3D model. And then discuss the restrictive relation between angular velocity of pan-tilt and parameters (measurement range, signal sample rate, precision, etc.) of 2D laser displacement sensor. The sources of error and methods of improving precision were analyzed. Theoretical analyses and experiments have proved the feasibility, high-precision and practical of this method.
The primary structures of the Archaeon Halobacterium salinarium blue light receptor sensory rhodopsin II and its transducer, a methyl-accepting protein. (1996)

Recently, a large family of transducer proteins in the Archaeon Halobacterium salinarium was identified. On the basis of the comparison of the predicted structural domains of these transducers, three distinct subfamilies of transducers were proposed. Here we report isolation, complete gene sequences, and analysis of the encoded primary structures of transducer gene htrII, a member of family B, and its blue light receptor gene (sopII) of sensory rhodopsin II (SRII). The start codon ATG of the 714-bp sopII gene is one nucleotide beyond the termination codon TGA of the 2298-bp htrII gene. The deduced protein sequence of HtrII predicts a eubacterial chemotaxis transducer type with two hydrophobic membrane-spanning segments connecting sizable domains in the periplasm and cytoplasm. HtrII has a common feature with HtrI, the sensory rhodopsin I transducer; like HtrI, HtrII possesses a hydrophilic loop structure just after the second transmembrane segment. The C-terminal 299 residues (765 amino acid residues total) of HtrII show strong homology to the signaling and methylation domain of eubacterial transducer Tsr. The hydropathy plot of the primary structure of SRII indicates seven membrane-spanning alpha-helical segments, a characteristic feature of retinylidene proteins ("rhodopsins") from a widespread family of photoactive pigments. SRII shows high identity with SRI (42%), bacteriorhodopsin (BR) (32%), and halorhodopsin (24%). The crucial positions for retinal binding sites in these proteins are nearly identical, with the exception of Met-118 (numbering according to the mature BR sequence), which is replaced by Val in SRII. In BR, residues Asp-85 and Asp-96 are crucial in proton pumping. In SRII, the position corresponding to Asp-85 in BR is conserved, but the corresponding position of Asp-96 is replaced by an aromatic Tyr. Coexpression of the htrII and sopII genes restores SRII phototaxis to a mutant (Pho81) that contains a deletion in the htrI/sopI and insertion in htrII/sopII regions. This paper describes the first example that both HtrI and HtrII exist in the same halobacterial cell, confirming that different sensory rhodopsins SRI and SRII in the same organism have their own distinct transducers.
Optimum doping profile for minimum ohmic resistance and high-breakdown voltage (1979)

The optimum doping profile of a lightly doped layer that introduces the minimum series resistance and sustains a given junction breakdown voltage is derived. The theory applies to a one-dimensional Schottky diode and qualitatively to the collector or drain doping profiles of transistors. The minimum series resistance is found to be about 3.7 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-9</sup> <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V\min{B}\max{2.6}</tex> Ω.cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> for an n silicon layer. The optimum doping profile can be closely approximated by a conventional uniformly doped n-n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> structure.
Electroabsorption modulators for high-bit-rate optical communications: a comparison of strained InGaAs/InAIAs and InGaAsP/InGaAsP MQW (1995)

Conventional high-speed (>10 GHz) external modulators at 1.55 mu m exist in various types and on several kinds of substrate material. Only electroabsorption modulators on InP have so far demonstrated polarization-independent operation at high speeds. In this paper, the properties of two strained multiple quantum well (MQW) modulators are reviewed in the context of optical fibre communications in terms of loss, drive voltage, bandwidth (>40 GHz), eye diagram, bit error rate measurements and optical power handling capacity. An effective modulation polarization sensitivity of 0.6 dB is reported. The two components differ mainly in their saturation optical power levels. A new power saturation mechanism is proposed to explain the nonlinearity of the InGaAs/lnAIAs modulator.
A new edge-preserving smoothing filter based on fuzzy control laws and local features (2002)

This paper proposes a new type of edge-preserving smoothing filter to be applied to an image corrupted by impulsive and white Gaussian noise. This filter is based on a weighted mean filter having two kinds of coefficient for impulsive and white Gaussian noise. These coefficients can be varied adaptively by local features in the window. Fuzzy control laws that can be used for the implementation of the proposed filter are described. To reduce the computational burden, the fuzzy inference model proposed by Ichihashi et al. (1990) is employed.
Copper-SilK integration in a 0.18 μm double level metal interconnect (2003)

This paper describes the integration of copper and SilK in a 0.18 /spl mu/m DLM interconnect. The main integration issues such as dual damascene patterning, SilK porosity and copper filling have been addressed, as shown by the 0.5 /spl Omega/-100% yield obtained for 0.3 /spl mu/m vias. The Cu/SilK interest is confirmed by a 40% RC reduction compared to a Cu-SiO/sub 2/ structure.
Une architecture de honeypots distribués pour superviser le réseau P2P KAD (2009)

International audience
Five Robust Trait Dimensions: Development, Stability, and Utility (1989)

Interest has grown in recent years in a five-factor model for the organization of personality characteristics. A brief history of the development of this model is given. It is evident that the model is very general, across variations in raters and ratees and across languages. There is also evidence that the structure of personality inventories reflects this model. Although most of the studies that have demonstrated the model have utilized either self-report inventories or have relied on ratings, there is clear evidence that both ratings and inventories are importantly related to actual behavior. A longitudinal study of children's personality traits is reported. Evidence for the five-factor model is examined, including data for the stability over time of characteristics organized in terms of the model. One trait of particular focus in this study has been Factor 3, often interpreted as Conscientiousness but here referred to as Will to Achieve because of its high correlations with formal measures of educational achievement. Studies indicate that this dimension is responsible for much of the variance in achievement left unexplained by aptitude measures.
Phylogenetic and Pathotypic Similarities between<i>Escherichia coli</i>Isolates from Urinary Tract Infections in Dogs and Extraintestinal Infections in Humans (2001)

Seventeen Escherichia coli isolates from dogs with urinary tract infection (UTI) were characterized with respect to phylogenetic background and virulence genotype and were compared with the E. coli reference (ECOR) collection and with human clinical isolates with similar serotypes from patients with diverse extraintestinal infections. Most of the canine urine isolates were from (virulence-associated) E. coli phylogenetic groups B2 or D, expressed papG allele III, and exhibited numerous other putative virulence genes that are characteristic of human extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). Close phylogenetic and pathotypic correspondence was documented within 5 clonal groups among individual canine and human isolates, including archetypal human ExPEC strains CFT073 (O6:K2:H1), 536 (O6:K15:H31), and J96 (O4:K-:H5). These findings suggest that canine UTI isolates, rather than being dog-specific pathogens, as previously suspected, may pose an infectious threat to humans. Commonality between canine and human ExPEC has potentially important implications for disease prevention, antibiotic resistance avoidance, and studies of pathogenesis.
Synthesis and Spectral Characterisation of Some Phthalazinone Derivatives (2012)

1,2,4-Triazol-3-yl, 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl, 1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl, 1 H-pyrazol-4-yl, phthalazin-1(2 H)one, 5 H-2,3-benzodi-azepine-1,4-dione and pyridazine-1,4-dione derivatives were prepared via the reaction of the readily obtainable starting material 1-oxo-1,2-dihydrophthalazin-4-carbohydrazide with one carbon donor like phenyl isothiocyanate, phenyl isocyanate, triethylorthoformate, formic acid and different electrophilic reagents such as anhydrides, chromen-1,3-dione, chloroacetyl chloride, acetic anhydride, arylidene malononitrile, ethoxymethylene malononitrile and ethyl acetoacetate.
Surface chemistry of binary mixtures of phospholipids in monolayers. Infrared studies of surface composition at varying surface pressures in a pulmonary surfactant model system (1993)

Phospholipid monomolecular films at the air/water interface were studied using Langmuir-Blodgett (L-B) surface chemistry, 31P NMR spectroscopy, and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. These monolayers were composed of binary mixtures of acyl chain perdeuterated 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (i.e., DPPC-d62) with 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol (i.e., DPPG). This particular PC-PG binary mixture was chosen for study since this lipid system has been used as a model for pulmonary surfactant, especially in conjunction with the so-called "squeezing-out" hypothesis of pulmonary mechanics. This theory predicts that upon successive compression-expansion cycles, a surfactant surface film will reorganize to exclude all components except DPPC, thus resulting in a stable, low surface tension film. Several general results were obtained from these experiments. First, we have developed a combined spectroscopic assay using high-resolution 31P NMR spectroscopy in combination with the C-H and C-D vibrational intensities obtained from the IR spectroscopy of binary mixtures in which one component is acyl chain perdeuterated. Using attenuated total reflectance IR spectroscopy of transferred L-B films, this combined spectroscopic approach allows us to quantitatively describe the fractional composition of each component in the binary monomolecular film. Second, when these methods are applied to transferred monolayer films of DPPC-d62 and DPPG (at an initial PC:PG mole ratio of 7:1), we find no evidence for a "squeezing-out" of the DPPG monolayer component at high surface pressure resulting in an enrichment of the DPPC component in the transferred monolayer film.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Virulence patterns from septicemic Escherichia coli O78 strains (1997)

Several septicemic Escherichia coli O78 strains, isolated from different sources, were characterized phenotypically and genotypically. Two avian isolates, one of which is known to carry the AC/I fimbriae, hybridized with the sfa determinant in colony dot-blot assay. Southern hybridizations with specific sfa probes, following pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), showed positive hybridization to the same fragment in each of these strains. Determination of the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the AC/I major subunit gene revealed high similarity to the sequence of the SfaA-II protein. These data suggest that the adhesin gene cluster, coding for AC/I fimbriae, belongs to the S-fimbrial adhesin family.
A review of polarimetry in the context of synthetic aperture radar: concepts and information extraction (2004)

AbstractThis study provides an update of the polarimetric tools currently being used for optimum information extraction from polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. The basics of polarimetric theory are summarized and discussed in the context of SAR. Calibration of polarimetric SAR, which is an important issue for the extraction of meaningful polarization information, is reviewed. Information extraction using the scattered and received wave parameters and target decomposition theory is considered. In particular, the use of coherent versus incoherent target decomposition is discussed and the practical limitations of these target decompositions are outlined. Speckle filtering and classification of polarimetric SAR images are also thoroughly analyzed, and the important directions for future research are outlined. Cette étude fournit une remise à jour des outils utilisés présentement pour l'extraction de l'information polarimétrique des images radar à ouverture synthétique (ROS). Les bases de la théorie de la polarimétrie sont reconsidérées dans le cadre du ROS. Les méthodes d'étalonnage du ROS polarimétriques sont revues. L'extraction de l'information polarimétrique à partir des paramètres de l'onde diffusée est reconsidérée ainsi que la théorie de la décomposition de cibles. En particulier, l'utilisation de la décomposition cohérente versus la décomposition incohérente est remise en question. Le filtrage du chatoiement et la classification des images polarimétriques sont revus. Les nouvelles orientations de la recherche dans le domaine sont définies.
Rad51-mediated replication fork reversal is a global response to genotoxic treatments in human cells (2015)

Replication fork reversal protects forks from breakage after poisoning of Topoisomerase 1. We here investigated fork progression and chromosomal breakage in human cells in response to a panel of sublethal genotoxic treatments, using other topoisomerase poisons, DNA synthesis inhibitors, interstrand cross-linking inducers, and base-damaging agents. We used electron microscopy to visualize fork architecture under these conditions and analyzed the association of specific molecular features with checkpoint activation. Our data identify replication fork uncoupling and reversal as global responses to genotoxic treatments. Both events are frequent even after mild treatments that do not affect fork integrity, nor activate checkpoints. Fork reversal was found to be dependent on the central homologous recombination factor RAD51, which is consistently present at replication forks independently of their breakage, and to be antagonized by poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase/RECQ1-regulated restart. Our work establishes remodeling of uncoupled forks as a pivotal RAD51-regulated response to genotoxic stress in human cells and as a promising target to potentiate cancer chemotherapy.
A Spreadsheet Scenario Analysis Technique That Integrates with Optimization and Simulation (2009)

Scenario analysis is a widely used technique, and business students should be proficient in running scenarios through a spreadsheet model. We propose 10 desirable properties for a scenario analysis technique, and show that the Microsoft Excel Scenario Manager tool satisfies only one of them. We provide a tutorial for a better technique that can be programmed into an existing spreadsheet in a matter of minutes. We show how to integrate the technique with the Excel Solver to allow for rapid optimization of multiple scenarios and with the Crystal Ball add-in for Monte Carlo simulation to enable simulation of multiple scenarios. Our undergraduate and MBA students are able to learn the technique with little difficulty.
Scattering muon radiography and its application to the detection of high-Z materials (2003)

Scattering muon radiography is a novel technique of 3-d imaging for dense high-Z objects. High-energy cosmic ray muons are deflected in matter in the process of multiple Coulomb scattering. Measuring the deflection angles we are able to reconstruct the configuration of high-Z material in the object. We discuss how the technique can be used for the detection of compact high-Z objects in a large volume of ordinary material. We present results of our experiments and simulations and discuss image reconstruction issues relevant to scattering muon radiography. The ability of the technique to detect 20 kg of uranium hidden inside more than 10 tons of iron and in less than a minute of exposure is demonstrated.
Mechanically-stacked perovskite/CIGS tandem solar cells with efficiency of 23.9% and reduced oxygen sensitivity (2018)

A perovskite/CIGS tandem configuration is an attractive and viable approach to achieve an ultra-high efficiency and cost-effective all-thin-film solar cell.
Multifunctional fluorescent-magnetic polyethyleneimine functionalized Fe3O4–mesoporous silica yolk–shell nanocapsules for siRNA delivery (2012)

A facile, mild, environmentally friendly and reproducible strategy was used to fabricate the multifunctional fluorescent-magnetic polyethyleneimine functionalized Fe(3)O(4)-mesoporous silica yolk-shell nanocapsules for simultaneous fluorescent tracking and magnetically guided small interfering RNA delivery.
Intelligent Defense: A Call For Federal Regulation of Mixed Martial Arts (2011)

INTRODUCTION 248 I. CURRENT STATE OF MMA REGULATION 251 A. The State System 252 1. The Unified Rules Regimes 254 2. The Unclear Regimes 256 3. The Lawless Regimes 257 B. Problems with the Current Regulatory Scheme ..... 259 II. CONGRESSIONAL AUTHORITY TO REGULATE MMA 265 A. MMA as Interstate Commerce 266 B. MMA as Indian Commerce 268 C. Federalism Concerns in Federalizing MMA 269 III. PROPOSAL FOR FEDERAL REGULATIONS 273 A. The Undesirability of a Full-Fledged Federal Regulatory Body 273 B. Cooperative Federalism Between Legislation and Local Athletic Commissions 276 1. Addressing the Problem of Jurisdictions Without Formal MMA Regulation 277 2. Federal MMA Fighter License and Registry ..... 279 3. Federal MMA Health and Safety Regulations .. 281 CONCLUSION 286
ByteCuts: Fast Packet Classification by Interior Bit Extraction (2018)

Many networking devices, such as firewalls and routing tables, rely upon packet classifiers to define their behavior for various kinds of network traffic. Since these devices have real-time constraints, it is important for packet classification to be as fast as possible. We present a new method, ByteCuts, which includes two major improvements over existing tree-based packet classifiers. First, it introduces a new cutting method that is more efficient than existing methods. Second, ByteCuts intelligently partitions the rule list into multiple trees in a way that supports the cutting method and reduces rule replication. We compare ByteCuts to several existing methods such as HyperCuts, HyperSplit, and SmartSplit. We find that ByteCuts outperforms SmartSplit, the previous fastest classifier, in every metric; specifically, ByteCuts is able to classify packets 58% faster, can be constructed in seconds rather than minutes, and uses orders of magnitude less memory.
Blood powder, a source of iron for plants (1993)

Abstract Natural materials that possess chelating ability for iron (Fe) such as plant and animal residues have been used as Fe sources for plants. A solution culture study and a soil incubation study were conducted to investigate use of poultry blood powder as an Fe source for plants. Iron in blood is chelated by the heme group present in hemoglobin molecule. Stability of Fe in this chelate was found to be high in neutral and acidic solutions. Only a very small fraction (0.1 to 0.2%) of total Fe could be extracted from blood powder by a 0.1M calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution. In the culture solution study, Fe from blood powder was as effective as Fe from FeEDDHA in preventing Fe chlorosis of soybeans. Yield and Fe content of plants receiving blood powder were higher than the control and were not different from the plants receiving FeEDDHA. The incubation study using two soils, two Fe sources and three Fe rates indicated that DTPA‐Fe increased from application of 5, 10 or 15 mg of Fe as blood powder/kg in one soil (Sudan) and from application of 10 or 15 mg of Fe as blood powder/kg in the other soil (Vernamkhast). Blood powder is a suitable Fe source for hydroponically grown plants and increases Fe availability when applied to soil.
Meta-analysis of several gene lists for distinct types of cancer: A simple way to reveal common prognostic markers (2007)

The proposed method and its application show the potential of such meta-analyses in clinical studies of gene expression profiles.
Broadband matched-field source localization (1992)

A straightforward algorithm for broadband matched-field source localizaton is developed and subsequently applied to experimental data. For the two-receiver case, the algorithm involves correlating modeled and measured cross spectra and summing coherently over frequency. The extension to the multiple-receiver case is to perform the two-receiver algorithm on each pair of hydrophones and sum the complex results coherently. The frequency band over which the summation is made may be chosen to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio. Using an acoustic propagation model based on ray theory to produce modeled cross spectra, the broadband localization scheme is applied to an experimental dataset in which a pseudorandom noise source was towed past a bottom-moored vertical array in a deep-ocean environment. Localization is successful out to the maximum range of 43 km. The effects on the source localization of varying such parameters as the number of phones, bandwidth, and receiver aperture are examined. It is found that matching the autospectra as well as the cross spectra significantly degrades the localization, and that coherent summation over both frequency and phone pairs is superior to incoherent summation.
AMP-activated protein kinase and hepatic genes involved in glucose metabolism. (2003)

International audience