gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of the Gravid <I>Aedes</I> Trap for the Capture of Adult Female Container-Exploiting Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) (2014)

Monitoring dengue vector control by sampling adult Aedes aegypti (L.) recently has been used to replace both larval and pupal surveys. We have developed and evaluated the Gravid Aedes Trap (GAT) through a sequential behavioral study. The GAT does not require electricity to function, and trapped mosquitoes are identified easily during trap inspections. The GAT concept relies on visual and olfactory cues to lure gravid Ae. aegypti and an insecticide to kill trapped mosquitoes. Gravid mosquitoes are lured to a black bucket base containing oviposition attractant (infusion) and are trapped in a translucent chamber impregnated with a pyrethroid insecticide where they are killed within 3-15 min. In semifield observations, the GAT captured a significantly higher proportion of gravid mosquitoes than the double sticky ovitrap. We also demonstrated that the visual cues of the prototype GAT-LgBF (large black base bucket with a black funnel at the top of the translucent chamber) captured a significantly higher proportion of gravid mosquitoes than the other prototypes. The visual contrast created by the addition of a white lid to the top of the black funnel significantly increased the number of captured gravid mosquitoes when compared with the GAT-LgBF in semifield trials. We conclude that the GAT is more efficient in recapturing gravid Ae. aegypti when compared with sticky ovitraps. The GAT is an effective, practical, low cost, and easily transportable trap, features that are essential in large-scale monitoring programs, particularly in areas where funding is limited.
Overexpression of E2F-1 in Lung and Liver Metastases of Human Colon Cancer is Associated with Gene Amplification (2004)

We have shown previously that metastatic tumors of human colorectal cancer in lung as compared to liver have high levels of thymidylate synthase (TS) mRNA expression that correlated with high levels of E2F-1 mRNA expression. We now report that Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) and DNA PCR analyses of lung and liver metastases of human colon cancer show frequent gains in the region of chromosome 20q and have an increase in gene copy number of E2F-1. In as much as TS is transcriptionally regulated by E2F-1, these results provide an explanation for the high levels of TS mRNA noted in some tumor samples.
Persistent Organic Nanopores Amenable to Structural and Functional Tuning (2016)

Rigid macrocycles 2, which share a hybrid backbone and the same set of side chains while having inner cavities with different inward-pointing functional groups, undergo similar nanotubular assembly as indicated by multiple techniques including (1)H NMR, fluorescence spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The formation of tubular assemblies containing subnanometer pores is also attested by the different transmembrane ion-transport behavior observed for these macrocycles. Vesicle-based stopped-flow kinetic assay and single-channel electrophysiology with planar lipid bilayers show that the presence of an inward-pointing functional (X) group in the inner cavity of a macrocyclic building block exerts a major influence on the transmembrane ion-transporting preference of the corresponding self-assembling pore. Self-assembling pores with inward-pointing amino and methyl groups possess the surprising and remarkable capability of rejecting protons but are conducive to transporting larger ions. The inward-pointing groups also resulted in transmembrane pores with a different extent of positive electrostatic potentials, leading to channels having different preferences for transporting chloride ion. Results from this work demonstrate that synthetic modification at the molecular level can profoundly impact the property of otherwise structurally persistent supramolecular assemblies, with both expected tunability and suprisingly unusual behavior.
Designing Electrical Contacts to<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>MoS</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>Monolayers: A Computational Study (2012)

Studying the reason why single-layer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) appears to fall short of its promising potential in flexible nanoelectronics, we find that the nature of contacts plays a more important role than the semiconductor itself. In order to understand the nature of MoS2/metal contacts, we perform ab initio density functional theory calculations for the geometry, bonding, and electronic structure of the contact region. We find that the most common contact metal (Au) is rather inefficient for electron injection into single-layer MoS2 and propose Ti as a representative example of suitable alternative electrode materials.
Multispectral imaging and pathology: seeing and doing more (2008)

Multispectral techniques, along with other developments in digital analysis, will allow pathologists to deliver appropriate quantitative and multiplexed analyses in a reproducible and timely manner. Caveats apply - as the complexity of the sample preparation and analysis components increases, commensurate attention must be paid to the use of appropriate controls for all stages of the process.
Photoconductivities in MoS2 Nanoflake Photoconductors (2016)

Photoconductivities in molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) layered nanostructures with two-hexagonal crystalline structure prepared by mechanical exfoliation were investigated. The photoconductor-type MoS2 nanoflakes exhibit remarkable photoresponse under the above bandgap excitation wavelength of 532 nm at different optical intensity. The photocurrent responsivity and photoconductive gain of nanoflakes can reach, respectively, 30 AW(-1) and 103 at the intensity of 50 Wm(-2), which are several orders of magnitude higher than those of their bulk counterparts. The vacuum-enhanced photocurrent and power-independent responsivity/gain indicate a surface-controlled photoconduction mechanism in the MoS2 nanomaterial.
CONTROL OF ACTIVATED SLUDGE BY MEAN CELL RESIDENCE TIME (2016)

The activated sludge process utilizes a continuous culture of microorgan isms in which a mixed microbial popu lation (activated sludge) grows on a mixture of organic and inorganic sub strates (wastewater). In microbiologi cal terms, the activated sludge process can be classified as a continuous cul ture with cell recycle, since the resi dence time of the sludge in the system is maintained as greater than the hydraulic residence time by recircula tion of microorganisms (return sludge). The further development of the acti vated sludge process and refinement of its operation cannot be based on the empirical methods of analysis and process description that have charac terized the early development of wastewater treatment. Since the acti vated sludge process is a microbial system, it is necessary to describe its efficiency and operational character istics in rational terms that not only are meaningful from a process and operational standpoint but also are meaningful microbiologically. There are, however, some limita tions which hinder progress toward a definitive and rational description of the activated sludge process in terms
DocRED: A Large-Scale Document-Level Relation Extraction Dataset (2019)

Multiple entities in a document generally exhibit complex inter-sentence relations, and cannot be well handled by existing relation extraction (RE) methods that typically focus on extracting intra-sentence relations for single entity pairs. In order to accelerate the research on document-level RE, we introduce DocRED, a new dataset constructed from Wikipedia and Wikidata with three features: (1) DocRED annotates both named entities and relations, and is the largest human-annotated dataset for document-level RE from plain text; (2) DocRED requires reading multiple sentences in a document to extract entities and infer their relations by synthesizing all information of the document; (3) along with the human-annotated data, we also offer large-scale distantly supervised data, which enables DocRED to be adopted for both supervised and weakly supervised scenarios. In order to verify the challenges of document-level RE, we implement recent state-of-the-art methods for RE and conduct a thorough evaluation of these methods on DocRED. Empirical results show that DocRED is challenging for existing RE methods, which indicates that document-level RE remains an open problem and requires further efforts. Based on the detailed analysis on the experiments, we discuss multiple promising directions for future research.
वद म सगत क वजञनकत (2016)

भारतीय संगीत की परंपरा युगों-युगों से बहती आ रही है। इतने युग बीत जाने पर भी भारतीय संगीत की लोकप्रियता में कोई अंतर नहीं आया है। कारण यही है कि भारतीय संगीत हमारी अनुपम विरासत है, जिसमें वैदिक युगीन तप व ऋषि मुनियों की साधना का वह अथाह समुद्र निरंतर गतिशील है जिसने संगीत व नृत्य को दिव्य कला का दर्जा दिया है और यह दिव्यता वर्तमान में भी इतनी वैज्ञानिक है कि सम्पूर्ण विश्व भारतीय संगीत से अचम्भित एवं प्रभावित है। वैदिक युग भारत के सांस्कृतिक इतिहास में प्राचीनतम माना जाता है। भारतीय वेद हमारी सभ्यता व संस्कृति के अमूल्य धरोहर हैं, हमारी भारतीय संगीत की सार्वभौमिकता व ज्ञान का अतुल्य भण्डार हैं। भारतीय वेदों में ग्रह, नक्षत्र, देवी-देवता, यज्ञ, मंत्रोच्चारण, गीत-संगीत, नृत्य, योग-तप, चिकित्सा, वाणिज्य, अर्थशास्त्र गणित, रसायन, खगोल शास्त्र आदि विषयों पर वैज्ञानिक दृष्टि से विचार किया गया है। ‘नृत्य’ एवं ‘संगीत’ शब्द का प्रयोग भारतीय वेदों में एक नहीं अनेक स्थानों पर हुआ है। वेदों में संगीत में प्रयुक्त मुख्य तीन स्वर, सम-विषम तालें, मंत्रोच्चारण, मुद्राएँ, वीणा-दुन्दुभि इत्यादि वाद्य, वाद्य को स्वर में मिलाना, सामगान शैलियां, नृत्य प्रदर्शन अवसर एवं वातावरण इत्यादि अनेक विषय पक्ष है जो वेदों में संगीत की वैज्ञानिकता को दर्शाते हैं। आज मानव उच्च शिक्षा के दौर में प्रत्येक विषय पर तार्किक व वैचारिक चिंतन करता है। पौराणिक ग्रंथों, शास्त्रों, गाथाओं व अन्वेषणों में वह वैज्ञानिकता के तत्व को खोजता है। अनुसंधान व शोध मानव की इसी प्रवृत्ति के परिचायक हैं। संगीत का क्षेत्र भी अनुसंधान में अनेक क्षेत्रों से भरपूर है। वेदों में संगीत की वैज्ञानिकता सर्वथा प्रासंगिक है। भविष्य में भारतीय संगीत के और अधिक विकास व उत्थान के लिए वेदों का अध्ययन आवश्यक है क्योंकि वेद भारतीय संस्कृति के मूलाधार है और सम्पूर्ण विश्व में संगीत क्षेत्र में एक महान शक्ति के रूप में उभरने के लिए आवष्यक है।
Chemical vapor deposition precursor chemistry. 2. Formation of pure aluminum, alumina, and aluminum boride thin films from boron-containing precursor compounds by chemical vapor deposition (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical vapor deposition precursor chemistry. 2. Formation of pure aluminum, alumina, and aluminum boride thin films from boron-containing precursor compounds by chemical vapor depositionJohn A. Glass Jr., Shreyas S. Kher, and James T. SpencerCite this: Chem. Mater. 1992, 4, 3, 530–538Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00021a010https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00021a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views450Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Stimulate Regeneration of Peripheral Nerves: BDNF Secreted by These Cells Promotes Nerve Healing and Axon Growth De Novo (2011)

Transplantation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) induces tissue regeneration by accelerating the growth of blood vessels and nerve. However, mechanisms by which they accelerate the growth of nerve fibers are only partially understood. We used transplantation of ASCs with subcutaneous matrigel implants (well-known in vivo model of angiogenesis) and model of mice limb reinnervation to check the influence of ASC on nerve growth. Here we show that ASCs stimulate the regeneration of nerves in innervated mice's limbs and induce axon growth in subcutaneous matrigel implants. To investigate the mechanism of this action we analyzed different properties of these cells and showed that they express numerous genes of neurotrophins and extracellular matrix proteins required for the nerve growth and myelination. Induction of neural differentiation of ASCs enhances production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as well as ability of these cells to induce nerve fiber growth. BDNF neutralizing antibodies abrogated the stimulatory effects of ASCs on the growth of nerve sprouts. These data suggest that ASCs induce nerve repair and growth via BDNF production. This stimulatory effect can be further enhanced by culturing the cells in neural differentiation medium prior to transplantation.
Cellular internalization of cytolethal distending toxin: a new end to a known pathway (2005)

The cytolethal distending toxins (CDTs) are unique in their ability to induce DNA damage, activate checkpoint responses and cause cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in intoxicated cells. However, little is known about their cellular internalization pathway. We demonstrate that binding of the Haemophilus ducreyi CDT (HdCDT) on the plasma membrane of sensitive cells was abolished by cholesterol extraction with methyl-beta-cyclodextrin. The toxin was internalized via the Golgi complex, and retrogradely transported to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), as assessed by N-linked glycosylation. Further translocation from the ER did not require the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway, and was Derlin-1 independent. The genotoxic activity of HdCDT was dependent on its internalization and its DNase activity, as induction of DNA double-stranded breaks was prevented in Brefeldin A-treated cells and in cells exposed to a catalytically inactive toxin. Our data contribute to a better understanding of the CDT mode of action and highlight two important aspects of the biology of this bacterial toxin family: (i) HdCDT translocation from the ER to the nucleus does not involve the classical pathways followed by other retrogradely transported toxins and (ii) toxin internalization is crucial for execution of its genotoxic activity.
Fabrication of Macroscopically Flexible and Highly Porous 3D Semiconductor Networks from Interpenetrating Nanostructures by a Simple Flame Transport Approach (2013)

Flexible, electrically conducting, high temperature stable ceramics with very high porosities are fabricated from interpenetrated metal oxide nano-microstructures in a versatile manner in a novel flame transport synthesis approach. The Young's modulus of these networks can be tuned from wool type to rubber like based on the density, type and interconnections of the building blocks. Semiconducting behavior allows multifunctional applications like the electrical readout of the mechanical history. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Neural Networks with Quadratic VC Dimension (1995)

This paper shows that neural networks which use continuous activation functions have VC dimension at least as large as the square of the number of weights w. This result settles a long-standing open question, namely whether the well-known O(w log w) bound, known for hard-threshold nets, also held for more general sigmoidal nets. Implications for the number of samples needed for valid generalization are discussed. Keywords: feedforward neural networks, learning, Vapnik-Chervonenkis dimension 1 Introduction One of the main applications of artificial neural networks is to pattern classification tasks. A set of labeled training samples is provided, and a network must be obtained which is then expected to correctly classify previously unseen inputs. In this context, a central problem is to estimate the amount of training data needed to guarantee satisfactory learning performance. To study this question, it is necessary to first formalize the notion of learning from examples. One such form...
Validation of a Phage Display and Computational Algorithm by Mapping a Conformational Epitope of Bla g 2 (2011)

Conformational epitopes may be mapped through screening of clones from random peptide phage display libraries and EpiSearch.
A lossless algorithm for BSSGP flow control in GPRS and EDGE (2004)

In a GPRS or EDGE system, fluctuations in the wireless link rate can cause the buffer in the BSS to either overflow or underflow if the data flow into the BSS buffer from the SGSN is not controlled properly. Currently available algorithms for controlling this data flow rely on imperfect estimates of the wireless link rate and cannot ensure that the BSS buffer will never overflow or underflow. We present a new low-complexity algorithm that ensures that the BSS buffer will never overflow or underflow, without requiring any estimate of the wireless link rate. If there is no feedback delay between the SGSN and BSS, the algorithm is optimal: among all algorithms that ensure that the BSS buffer will never overflow or underflow, it requires the smallest amount of buffering in the BSS. The algorithm also has a fixed point, i.e. if the wireless link rate remains constant, the BSS buffer remains in equilibrium and no flow control updates are required.
Adaptive ripple-based constant on-time control with internal ramp compensations for buck converters (2014)

This paper presents adaptive ripple-based constant on-time control architecture for buck converter ICs with wide duty ratio applications. An internal ramp compensation with emulating inductor current ripple is implemented to solve the ripple oscillation instability issue when using low-ESR output capacitors in buck converters. Therefore, no external compensation is required to simplify the system applications and to achieve universal applications. However, in order to guarantee the stability margin and the jitter performance for wide duty-ratio applications with different switching frequencies, a large internal ramp is normally applied, but it may not be optimal for different applications. Besides, in order to avoid the voltage droop caused by the internal ramp compensation, a high-pass filter is usually utilized to cancel the DC offset. However, the DC cancellation network may cause phase margin issues when applying too large internal ramp. Hence, the internal ramp must be carefully designed to guarantee the stability margin while maintaining fast load transients and adequate phase margin for wide duty-ratio applications. In this paper, an adaptive ripple tuning algorithm is proposed to fine tune the internal ramp compensation automatically based on the duty ratios, output voltage, and the switching frequency. The small-signal model is derived to provide the design guide, and the simulation and experimental results are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive ripple-based control.
Iterative receiver for MIMO-OFDM systems based on sphere decoding : convergence, performance and complexity tradeoffs (2015)

Recently, iterative processing has been widely considered to achieve near-capacity performance and reliable high data rate transmission, for future wireless communication systems. However, such an iterative processing poses significant challenges for efficient receiver design. In this thesis, iterative receiver combining multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) detection with channel decoding is investigated for high data rate transmission. The convergence, the performance and the computational complexity of the iterative receiver for MIMO-OFDM system are considered. First, we review the most relevant hard-output and soft-output MIMO detection algorithms based on sphere decoding, K-Best decoding, and interference cancellation. Consequently, a low-complexity K-best (LCK- Best) based decoder is proposed in order to substantially reduce the computational complexity without significant performance degradation. We then analyze the convergence behaviors of combining these detection algorithms with various forward error correction codes, namely LTE turbo decoder and LDPC decoder with the help of Extrinsic Information Transfer (EXIT) charts. Based on this analysis, a new scheduling order of the required inner and outer iterations is suggested. The performance of the proposed receiver is evaluated in various LTE channel environments, and compared with other MIMO detection schemes. Secondly, the computational complexity of the iterative receiver with different channel coding techniques is evaluated and compared for different modulation orders and coding rates. Simulation results show that our proposed approaches achieve near optimal performance but more importantly it can substantially reduce the computational complexity of the system. From a practical point of view, fixed-point representation is usually used in order to reduce the hardware costs in terms of area, power consumption and execution time. Therefore, we present efficient fixed point arithmetic of the proposed iterative receiver based on LC-KBest decoder. Additionally, the impact of the channel estimation on the system performance is studied. The proposed iterative receiver is tested in a real-time environment using the MIMO WARP platform.
Wavelength-selective switching: architecture and technology overview (2004)

Wavelength-selective switching is generally considered to be an essential element for building agile “all optical” mesh telecommunications networks. This paper will provide an overview of the various node architectures suitable for implementing such networks. It will also provide an overview of the various technologies, that have been developed for such networks, including integrated optical waveguide circuits and free-space optical devices. While these technologies were largely developed for telecommunications applications, they may also applicable for computer networks.
Synthesis of Stabilized Myrrh-Capped Hydrocolloidal Magnetite Nanoparticles (2014)

Herein we report a new method for synthesizing stabilized magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) colloids. A new class of monodisperse water-soluble magnetite nano-particles was prepared by a simple and inexpensive co-precipitation method. Iron ions and iodine were prepared by the reaction between ferric chloride and potassium iodide. The ferrous and ferric ions were hydrolyzed at low temperature at pH 9 in the presence of iodine to produce iron oxide nanoparticles. The natural product myrrh gum was used as capping agent to produce highly dispersed coated magnetite nanoparticles. The structure and morphology of the magnetic nanogel was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to examine the crystal structure of the produced magnetite nanoparticles.