gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Surround View Camera Solution for Embedded Systems (2014)

Automotive surround view camera system is an emerging automotive ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System) technology that assists the driver in parking the vehicle safely by allowing him/her to see a top-down view of the 360 degree surroundings of the vehicle. Such a system normally consists of four to six wide-angle (fish-eye lens) cameras mounted around the vehicle, each facing a different direction. From these camera inputs, a composite bird-eye view of the vehicle is synthesized and shown to the driver in real-time during parking. In this paper, we present a surround view camera solution that consists of three key algorithm components: geometric alignment, photometric alignment, and composite view synthesis. Our solution produces a seamlessly stitched bird-eye view of the vehicle from four cameras. It runs real-time on DSP C66x producing an 880x1080 output video at 30 fps.
Manganese-substituted cobalt ferrite magnetostrictive materials for magnetic stress sensor applications (2005)

Metal bonded cobalt ferrite composites have been shown to be promising candidate materials for use in magnetoelastic stress sensors, due to their large magnetostriction and high sensitivity of magnetization to stress. However previous results have shown that below 60°C the cobalt ferrite material exhibits substantial magnetomechanical hysteresis. In the current study, measurements indicate that substituting Mn for some of the Fe in the cobalt ferrite can lower the Curie temperature of the material while maintaining a suitable magnetostriction for stress sensing applications. These results demonstrate the possibility of optimizing the magnetomechanical hysteresis of cobalt ferrite-based composites for stress sensor applications, through control of the Curie temperature.
A technique for self-certifying tamper resistant software (2007)

Until recently the use of software tamper resistance was rather limited. However, as the music and movie industries have increased their reliance on content protection systems, the importance placed on and the use of tamper resistance has also increased. Unfortunately, the nature of tamper resistance can make it difficult for developers to determine if a protection mechanism isactually robust and which attacks it can protect against. To address this issue we have designed a tool for self-certifying the strength of a tamper resistance implementation that is based on a hybrid attack-defense graph. This approachto tamper resistance evaluation is advantageous in that it enables certification without leaking confidential implementation details and it assists developers in designing more robust implementations.
Dielectric Properties and Application of BaTiO<sub>3</sub>-Sr<sub>2</sub>Bi<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>5</sub>O<sub>18</sub> Composition (1990)

The dielectric composition BaTiO3-Sr2Bi4Ti5O18 fired at 1000°-1050°C has excellent C-V characteristics and a high insulation resistance at 125°C. The composition 95mol% BaTiO3-5mol% Sr2Bi4Ti5O18 exhibits a 1800 relative dielectric constant, a 1.0% dissipation factor and so weak temperature dependence of capacitance that designates EIA (Electronic Industries Association)-X7R. The fracture surface of the multilayer ceramic capacitor (MLCC) using this dielectric composition and 70Ag/30Pd internal electrode shows grain boundaries between the internal electrodes, while that of this dielectric body itself does not show. Consequently the insulation resistance of the MLCC fired at air atmosphere degraded in the accelerated humidity load test. The use of Pt for the electrode at MLCC is effective to prevent the influence of Ag/Pd on the dielectric body. It is found even if electrode is formed with 70Ag⋅30Pd material, when the MLCC is fired in weak reducing atmosphere, the above influence of the metal on the dielectric body is prevented.
Potent 1,2,4-Triazino[5,6<i>b</i>]indole-3-thioether Inhibitors of the Kanamycin Resistance Enzyme Eis from <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (2018)

A common cause of resistance to kanamycin (KAN) in tuberculosis is overexpression of the enhanced intracellular survival (Eis) protein. Eis is an acetyltransferase that multiacetylates KAN and other aminoglycosides, rendering them unable to bind the bacterial ribosome. By high-throughput screening, a series of substituted 1,2,4-triazino[5,6 b]indole-3-thioether molecules were identified as effective Eis inhibitors. Herein, we purchased 17 and synthesized 22 new compounds, evaluated their potency, and characterized their steady-state kinetics. Four inhibitors were found not only to inhibit Eis in vitro, but also to act as adjuvants of KAN and partially restore KAN sensitivity in a Mycobacterium tuberculosis KAN-resistant strain in which Eis is upregulated. A crystal structure of Eis in complex with a potent inhibitor and CoA shows that the inhibitors bind in the aminoglycoside binding site snugly inserted into a hydrophobic cavity. These inhibitors will undergo preclinical development as novel KAN adjuvant therapies to treat KAN-resistant tuberculosis.
Availability and Failure Rate of VNF Instances: Impacting Parameters and Calculation Methods (2022)

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) defines a dynamic environment to deploy Virtual Network Functions (VNF) as constituents of Network Services (NS) that provide specific network functionalities. A VNF is composed of at least one VNF Component (VNFC) and zero, or more Internal Virtual Links (IntVL). The availability of an NS depends on the availability of the composing VNF functionalities. In turn these depend on the underlying resources, their placement constraints, policies, and their number, which change over time as required by the varying workload. Accordingly, the availability and failure rate of a VNF instance may vary over time. That is, it may be different for the different VNF scaling levels. In this paper, we investigate the parameters affecting the availability and the failure rate of a VNF instance, and we propose methods to calculate for such dynamic cases the guaranteed minimum availability and the guaranteed maximum failure rate for a VNF instance considering a given infrastructure.
Nanocomposite Generators: Flexible Nanocomposite Generator Made of BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles and Graphitic Carbons (Adv. Mater. 22/2012) (2012)

K. J. Lee and co-workers demonstrate the fabrication of a flexible nanocomposite generator using piezoelectric BaTiO3 nanoparticles and universal graphitic carbons (carbon nanotubes and reduced graphene oxide). The nanomaterials are dispersed in a matrix of polydimethyl-siloxane and spun onto a metal-coated plastic substrate. This method enables the production of self-powered energy-harvesting systems in a simple, low-cost, and large-scale manner, thus overcoming the limitations of previous nanogenerators. The resulting device is demonstrated on page 2999.
Development of high speed dual-camera system for batch screening of aflatoxin contamination of corns using multispectral fluorescence imaging (2018)

Aflatoxins are fungal toxins produced by <i>Aspergillus flavus</i>. Food and feed crops get contaminated with carcinogenic aflatoxins, which often results in economic losses as well as serious health issues. Grain elevators need to unload, on average, one 50,000-pound truckload every two minutes. Current chemical and optical methods for aflatoxin detection cannot meet the screening requirements. Therefore, a high speed batch screening system with reliable accuracy is necessary. The contaminated corn kernels were prepared in our laboratory by artificial inoculation of corn ears. One hundred 200g samples were selected for analysis. To develop a high speed multispectral screening system, two high performance cameras in conjunction with dual UV excitation sources and novel image processing software were utilized to collect fluorescence images of each sample. Each camera simultaneously captures a single band fluorescence image (436 nm and 532 nm) from corn samples, and the detection software processes the images to automatically detect contaminated kernels by using a normalized difference fluorescence index. Each sample was imaged/screened four times, and screened samples were chemically analyzed for aflatoxin content. All samples were shuffled between imaging repetitions to increase the likelihood of screening both sides of every kernel. Processing time for each screening was about 0.7s, and an optimal result of 98.65% was achieved for sensitivity and 96.6% for specificity.
P‐156: Transflective Double Cell TN Liquid Crystal Display (2006)

Abstract Double cell Twisted Nematic (DTN) liquid crystal display is optimized for transflective liquid crystal displays, using MOUSE‐LCD software. Two configurations of such DTN‐LCD were simulated using a double and a single cell gap approach. DTN‐LCD exhibits a high contrast ratio, wide viewing angles and achromatic (black/white) switching in both the transmissive mode and reflective mode. It also possesses a perfect dark state. DTN configuration is suitable for the high quality transflective TFT‐LCD.
Evaluation and Reduction of Epitaxial Wafer Defects Resulting from Carbon-Inclusion Defects in 4H-SiC Substrate (2017)

In this study, we investigated the epitaxial surface defects resulting from the carbon-inclusion defects in 4H-SiC substrate. Most carbon-inclusion defects developed into one of three types of epitaxial surface defects under normal epitaxial growth conditions. Among them, we found a regular hexagonal pit by high-resolution microscopy, which we regarded as a large-pit defect, and which had an adverse impact on the reverse electrical characteristics of Schottky barrier diodes. Conversion of a carbon-inclusion defect to a large-pit defect or a triangular defect could be reduced by reducing the C/Si ratio.
Evaluation of Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry as a Method for the Elemental Analysis of Organic Compounds (1978)

The application of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) to the elemental analysis of organic compounds is evaluated successfully for seven nonmetallic elements. A comparison of this method with previously reported microwave techniques shows that, while both methods are sensitive (detection limits in the low nanogram region), ICP-OES has fewer complications and appears to be less prone to interferences than the analogous microwave techniques. The results of these studies suggest that ICP-OES should be applicable to the simultaneous multielement analysis of the gaseous effluents from a gas chromatograph.
Mammalian Neural and Endocrine Pro-Protein andPro-Hormone Convertases Belonging to the Subtilisin Familyof Serine Proteinases (1991)

Conversion of pro-hormones and precursor proteins into biologically active peptides and proteins involves the concerted action of a number of convertases and post-translation modification enzymes. The identification of the yeast convertase kexin as a prototype processing enzyme led to the discovery of the mammalian convertase designated furin, PC1 and PC2. Whereas furin is ubiquitously expressed, PC1 and PC2 are found only in endocrine and neural tissues and cell lines. In man and mouse, the genes coding for furin, PC1 and PC2 reside on three different chromosomes. The analysis of the intracellular processing of PC1 and PC2 and the removal of their pro-segment is presented, together with a summary of the cleavage specificity of these enzymes for precursors such as pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and human pro-renin. The distinct tissue distribution of PC1 and PC2 and their coregulation with POMC in the pituitary neurointermediate lobe adds credence to their physiological role as convertases involved in the tissue-specific processing of precursor proteins.
Fatty Acid-Related Phylogeny of Myxobacteria as an Approach to Discover Polyunsaturated Omega-3/6 Fatty Acids (2011)

In an analysis of 47 aerobic myxobacterial strains, representing 19 genera in suborders Cystobacterineae, Nannocystineae, Sorangiineae, and a novel isolate, "Aetherobacter" SBSr008, an enormously diverse array of fatty acids (FAs) was found. The distribution of straight-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) supports the reported clustering of strains in the phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA genes. This finding additionally allows the prediction and assignment of the novel isolate SBSr008 into its corresponding taxon. Sorangiineae predominantly contains larger amounts of SCFA (57 to 84%) than BCFA. On the other hand, Cystobacterineae exhibit significant BCFA content (53 to 90%), with the exception of the genus Stigmatella. In Nannocystineae, the ratio of BCFA and SCFA seems dependent on the taxonomic clade. Myxobacteria could also be identified and classified by using their specific and predominant FAs as biomarkers. Nannocystineae is remarkably unique among the suborders for its absence of hydroxy FAs. After the identification of arachidonic (AA) FA in Phaselicystidaceae, eight additional polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) belonging to the omega-6 and omega-3 families were discovered. Here we present a comprehensive report of FAs found in aerobic myxobacteria. Gliding bacteria belonging to Flexibacter and Herpetosiphon were chosen for comparative analysis to determine their FA profiles in relation to the myxobacteria.
Cyclic AMP Production and Insulin Releasing Activity of Synthetic Fragment Peptides of Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (2002)

Synthetic fragment peptides of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) were evaluated for their ability to elevate cellular cAMP production and stimulate insulin secretion. In GIP receptor transfected CHL cells, GIP(4-42) and GIP(17-30) dose-dependently inhibited GIP-stimulated cAMP production (40 +/- 8%; p<0.01 and 15 +/- 6%; p<0.05, respectively), while GIP(1-16) exerted very weak agonist effects on cAMP production. In the clonal pancreatic beta-cell line, BRIN-BD11, GIP(1-16) demonstrated weak insulin releasing activity compared with native GIP. In contrast, GIP(4-42) and GIP (17-30) weakly antagonized the insulin releasing activity of the native peptide (23 +/- 6%; p<0.05 and 11 +/- 3%, respectively). These data demonstrate the critical role of the N-terminus and the involvement of regions of the C-terminal domain in generating full biological potency of GIP.
Lithium Polysulfidophosphates: A Family of Lithium‐Conducting Sulfur‐Rich Compounds for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries (2013)

Schwefelreiche Lithiumpolysulfidophosphate (LPSPs) ergeben langlebige und effiziente Lithium-Schwefel-Batterien. Die Ionenleitfähigkeiten von LPSPs (3.0×10−5 S cm−1 bei 25 °C) sind um 8 Größenordnungen höher als von Li2S, was entsprechenden Batterien eine ausgezeichnete Zyklenleistung verleiht. Die Tatsache, dass die Batterien eine vollständige Feststoffkonfiguration aufweisen, lässt außerdem einen sicheren Betrieb mit Lithiummetall-Anoden erhoffen.
Cancer Stem Cells in Prostate Cancer (2011)

Prostate cancer is the most diagnosed cancer in men in the Western world. Currently, most treatments are directed toward an androgen receptor (AR)-expressing cell, which encompasses the vast majority of prostate tumors. Inevitably, the tumor recurs, thus the question remains: are cancer stem cells (CSCs) at the root of such recurrence, or is relapse the result of clonal evolution of an AR-expressing cell? There is also controversy regarding the phenotype of prostate CSCs: are they derived from an aberrant stem cell or AR responsive, progenitor cell? Here, we discuss the evidence for CSCs in prostate disease and why current therapies are not effective. How we specifically target these elusive cells is a question that is now being addressed for many solid tumors, including prostate cancer.
Experimental Demonstration of Phase-Sensitive Regeneration of a 10-20 Gb/s BPSK Channel without a Phase-Locked Loop using Brillouin Amplification (2016)

We experimentally demonstrate all-optical phase-sensitive regeneration of a 10–20Gb/s BPSK signal without a phase-locked loop by amplifying the idler using Brillouin amplification. Phase noise reduction of up to 56% along with 11dB gain at BER of 10−5 were observed.
Development of a DNA probe to detect Salmonella typhi (1985)

This study was undertaken to identify a DNA sequence that could be used to facilitate the diagnostic identification of Salmonella typhi, the causative agent of typhoid fever. All virulent S. typhi strains encode a relatively unique capsular antigen termed the virulence (Vi) antigen. Two distinct genetic loci, viaA and viaB, are involved in the synthesis of this antigen. The structural genes, located at viaB, were considered as a possible specific DNA probe. The viaB locus, contained in a recombinant cosmid, was subcloned to various plasmid vectors for this purpose. Selected viaB-region DNA fragments were then analyzed for specificity in DNA colony hybridization reactions with more than 170 strains representing a variety of enteric bacteria. An 8.6-kilobase EcoRI fragment was highly specific for the viaB gene region and was considered a good hybridization probe. This DNA probe should prove useful in rapid diagnostic assays set up to detect S. typhi in mixed bacterial samples (e.g., stools) within a few hours of specimen collection.
No-Reference Video Quality Assessment using Recurrent Neural Networks (2019)

The quality assessment is a vital routine in videorelated industries such as broadcast service providers. Due to the duration and the excessive number of the video files, case by case assessment of the files by operators is no longer feasible. Therefore, a computer-based video quality assessment mechanism is the only solution. While it is common to measure the quality of a video file at the compression stage by comparing it against the raw data, at later stages no reference video is available for comparison. Therefore, a no-reference (Blind) video quality assessment (NR-VQA) technique is essential. The common NRVQA methods learn a quality metric based on a number of features extracted from video frames or series of adjacent frames. In the training stage, the features are usually required all at once and the outcome is mainly insensitive to the frame order. For instance, most methods return the same quality score if the video is played in the reverse time order. In this work, we propose an in-the-wild NR-VQA method based on recurrent neural networks (RNN), which takes the frame order into account. Indeed, the RNN is responsible to combine frame-level features by preserving their order so as to form a single video quality metric. As the RNN receives the frame-level statistical features in a sequential manner, the method is also oblivious to the frame size and video length (duration). The experiments show comparable or better performance with previous methods on KonVid-1k dataset.
Use of lac gene fusions in the analysis of Acholeplasma upstream gene regulatory sequences (1994)

The objective of this study was to develop a means of identifying and analyzing mycoplasma gene regulatory elements. Analysis of Acholeplasma oculi ISM1499 transcriptional sequences was accomplished using a promoterless lacZ reporter gene and an integrative vector strategy. Seven promoter-containing fragments were identified, levels of beta-galactosidase were determined, and transcriptional start sites were mapped.
Cloning and expression in Escherichia coli of LKP pilus genes from a nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae strain (1990)

Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae HF0295, isolated by aspiration from the middle ear of a patient with otitis media, expresses long, thick, and hemagglutinating pili of a single serotype (LKP1) on its surface. An intact pilus vaccine consisting of the LKP1 serotype protected chinchillas against experimental otitis media (C. C. Brinton, Jr., M. J. Carter, D. B. Derber, S. Kar, J. A. Kramarik, A. C. C. To, S. C. M. To, and S. W. Wood, Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 8:554-561, 1989; R. B. Karasic, D. J. Beste, S. C. M. To, W. J. Doyle, S. W. Wood, M. J. Carter, A. C. C. To, K. Tanpowpong, C. D. Bluestone, and C. C. Brinton, Jr., Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 8:562-565, 1989). The genes encoding LKP1 pili were cloned from a genomic library of the clinical strain as a 12.5-kilobase insert on a plasmid vector and inserted into Escherichia coli K-12. Transposon mutagenesis and deletion constructs mapped the pilus-coding region within a 7-kilobase region of insert DNA. The recombinant bacteria were found by electron microscopy to express pili morphologically similar to LKP1 pili. Purified pilus rods from the recombinant and its parental strain were composed of a single detectable protein with an apparent molecular weight of 27,500. Antibodies raised against LKP1 pili purified from H. influenzae immunologically reacted with pili from the recombinant bacteria. Pili from both strains also adhered to human erythrocytes and buccal cells with the same specificity.
Large Transverse Piezoelectricity in Strained (Na,Bi)TiO<sub>3</sub>–BaTiO<sub>3</sub>Epitaxial Thin Films on MgO(110) (2011)

Large transverse piezoelectricity has been demonstrated in lead-free epitaxial (Na,Bi)TiO3–BaTiO3 (NBT–BT) thin films grown on MgO(110) substrates. Through the internal strain caused by the difference in thermal expansion between NBT–BT and MgO, the crystal structure of the films was distorted to orthorhombic lattice, which does not form in bulk NBT–BT. The films showed a planar anisotropic nature where the effective transverse piezoelectricity along the orthorhombic b-axis was much larger than that along the orthorhombic a-axis. For the NBT–BT film with 9% BaTiO3, transverse piezoelectric coefficient d31* along the orthorhombic b-axis reached as high as -221 pC/N.
A new low cost, elastic and conformable electronics technology for soft and stretchable electronic devices by use of a stretchable substrate (2009)

A growing need for ambient electronics in our daily life leads to higher demands from the user in the view of comfort of the electronic devices. Those devices should become invisible to the user, especially when they are embedded in clothes (e.g. in smart textiles). They should be soft, conformable and to a certain degree stretchable. Electronics for implantation on the other hand should ideally be soft and conformable in relation to the body tissue, in order to minimize the rejecting nature of the body to unknown implanted rigid objects. Conformable and elastic circuitry is an emerging topic in the electronics and packaging domain. In this contribution a new low cost, elastic and stretchable electronic device technology will be presented, based on the use of a stretchable substrate. The process steps used are standard PCB fabrication processes, resulting in a fast technology transfer to the industry. This new developed technology is based on the combination of rigid standard SMD components which are connected with 2-D spring-shaped metallic interconnections. Embedding is done by moulding the electronic device in a stretchable polymer. The reliability of the overall system is improved by varying the thickness of the embedding polymer, wherever the presence and type of components requires to. Manufacturability issues are discussed together with the need for good reliability of the stretchable interconnections when stress is applied during stretching.
EIT in resonator chains: similarities and differences with atomic media (2004)

We theoretically study a parallel configuration of two interacting whispering gallery mode optical resonators and show a narrow-band modal structure as a basis for a widely tunable delay line. For the optimum coupling configuration the system can possess an unusually narrow spectral feature with a much narrower bandwidth than the loaded bandwidth of each individual resonator.