gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Methimazole protects from experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) by inhibiting antigen presenting cell function and reducing antigen priming (2003)

Methimazole (methyl-mercapto-imidazole, MMI), a compound used clinically in therapy of Graves' thyroiditis, was found to inhibit development of several autoimmune diseases in animal models. It was suggested on the basis of in vitro data that inhibition is through down-regulation of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-induced expression of major histocompatibility complex class I and class II molecules. Here, we investigate the effect of MMI on experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) and study its mechanism(s). Treatment of EAU with MMI administered in drinking water inhibited induction of the disease and associated antigen (Ag)-specific proliferation and cytokine production by draining lymph node cells (LNCs). The treatment was protective only if administered during the first but not during the second week after immunization, suggesting an effect on the induction phase of EAU. It is interesting that MMI inhibited disease in IFN-gamma knockout mice, indicating that the in vivo protective effect is IFN-gamma-independent. Flow cytometric analysis of draining LNCs extracted 5 days after immunization showed that MMI partly to completely reversed the increase in Mac-1(+)/class I(+)/class II(+) cells induced by immunization and reduced the proportion of B7-1 and CD40-positive cells, suggesting a deficit in the Ag-presenting cell (APC) population. APC from untreated mice largely restored antigen-specific proliferation of MMI-treated LNCs. We suggest that MMI inhibits EAU at least in part by preventing the recruitment and/or maturation of APC, resulting in reduced generation of Ag-specific T cells.
Bidirectional Contactless Charging System using Li-ion battery model (2012)

In this paper, the performance of Bidirectional Contactless Charging System (BCCS) have been assessed by an electric circuit based battery model suitable for Electric Vehicles applications. The time, C-rate and SOC dependent electric circuit parameters of charge /discharge model are calculated using a polynomial equation. The charging system along with battery model is tested by simulation for a 2kW BCCS system and is able to transfer power in both the direction. The simulation results show that, the charging scheme could effectively maintain the longetivity of EV's and can supply power during Vehicle to Grid (V2G) operations.
Multiple LED arrays acquisition for image-sensor-based I2V-VLC using block matching (2014)

The present paper proposes a novel multiple-LED-arrays acquisition for an infrastructure-to-vehicle visible light communication (I2V-VLC) using LED arrays (transmitter) and an in-vehicle high-speed image sensor (receiver). In order to achieve a robust detection of LED arrays, we employ the block matching algorithm, which is a way of finding a corresponding position between two successive frames. The proposed method divides a captured image into a number of small domains (blocks) and determines if the LED array is present or absent using the block matching. We perform I2V-VLC experiments with multiple-LED arrays and evaluate the acquisition capability of the proposed method.
Environmental Constraints on Spawning Depth of Yellow Perch: The Roles of Low Temperature and High Solar Ultraviolet Radiation (2004)

Abstract The roles of temperature and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in determining the spawning success of yellow perch Perca flavescens were investigated in two Pennsylvania lakes with different dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations. In situ incubation experiments were used to manipulate temperature and UVR and to examine hatching time and hatching success. Extensive scuba surveys were used to document actual spawning depths. Differences in the temperature and UVR profiles of the two lakes led to contrasting responses of incubated yellow perch eggs. Higher temperatures in the surface waters of the higher‐DOC lake led to hatching times that were 10–26 d shorter than those in the surface waters of the low‐DOC lake or in the deeper waters of the higher‐DOC lake. The high levels of UVR in the surface waters of the low‐DOC lake killed 100% of the eggs before hatching. Ultraviolet radiation had little effect on survival in the higher‐DOC lake or in deeper waters of the low‐DOC lake. Scuba surveys revealed that spawning in the low‐DOC lake occurred at greater depths than previously recognized. Ninety‐two percent of the eggs spawned in the low‐DOC lake were located at depths greater than 3 m, while 76% of eggs in the higher‐DOC lake were spawned in water less than 1 m deep. Temperature and UVR are both important in determining among‐lake differences in spawning depths of yellow perch. Yellow perch are able to spawn at shallow depths in higher‐DOC lakes, where warmer temperatures accelerate developmental rates and DOC blocks potentially damaging UVR. In low‐DOC lakes, yellow perch must spawn at greater depths to avoid UVR damage. Spawning at greater depths may be costly due to the substantially slower developmental rates at lower temperatures. Our data suggest that the conflicting selective pressures of UVR and temperature create an optimal spawning‐depth range for yellow perch that differs among lakes as a function of DOC concentration.
Disproportionation of dimethoxyborane (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDisproportionation of dimethoxyboranePeter M. Jeffers and S. H. BauerCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1982, 21, 6, 2516–2517Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00136a086https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00136a086research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views94Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sentence Analysis and Collocation Identification (2010)

Identifying collocations in a sentence, in order to ensure their proper processing in subsequent applications, and performing the syntactic analysis of the sentence are interrelated processes. Syntactic information is crucial for detecting collocations, and vice versa, collocational information is useful for parsing. This article describes an original approach in which collocations are identified in a sentence as soon as possible during the analysis of that sentence, rather than at the end of the analysis, as in our previous work. In this way, priority is given to parsing alternatives involving collocations, and collocational information guide the parser through the maze of alternatives. This solution was shown to lead to substantial improvements in the performance of both tasks (collocation identification and parsing), and in that of a subsequent task (machine translation). 1
An Efficient Human-Computer Interaction Framework Using Skin Color Tracking and Gesture Recognition (2010)

Skin color is one of most important source of information widely used in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) system where detecting the presence of the human plays a key role. It is because of the dynamics and articulations of human body which is hard to be captured rather than using primitive feature like skin color. However, skin color varies across different persons limiting us from building a generative skin model for all persons. Here, we propose an efficient skin color detection and tracking based on a face detector to refine the skin model for a specific person and a tracking method using a simple data association algorithm. Beyond that, we also introduce a robust gesture recognition method using different extracted information such as local features, hand motion, head orientation, and finger tips. The final framework is proposed to interpret our gesture recognition method in interacting with a computer through multiple applications: controlling computer mouse and playing games.
Powerful mutators lurking in the genome (2008)

The human genome encodes numerous enzymes capable of deaminating polynucleotides. While they are capable of exquisite specificity, occasionally they result in hypermutation where up to 90 per cent of cytidine or adenosine residues may be edited. As such, they constitute a formidable anti-viral barrier, for no virus can survive such a high mutation rate. As the APOBEC3 group of cytidine deaminases edit single-stranded viral DNA, the crucial question is can they hyperedit chromosomal DNA? Everything points to a positive answer. Nonetheless, hypermutants per se have not yet been described, probably being countered by highly efficient mismatch repair. For the APOBEC3 genes, not only is their physiological function unknown, but also their role in the induction of cancer remains to be determined. Yet given the pace of research, all this is certain to change in the next few years.
Three-dimensional object location and inversion of the magnetic polarizability tensor at a single frequency using a walk-through metal detector (2013)

A tomographic metal detection and characterization system has been designed and built for recovering information about magnetic and/or conductive objects within the detector space. This information is gathered as a result of a 'walk-through' scan of a candidate in the same manner as for a typical security metal detector archway. Following the passage of the candidate, the system uses measurements from an array of coils to calculate the polarizability tensor, which describes the low frequency electromagnetic characteristic of a small metallic object when it interacts with an ac magnetic field. In addition to the magnetic polarizability dyadic tensor, the position of the perturbation is also determined as a product of the inversion algorithm. The system has been tested and is capable of inverting object tensors with
Design and analysis of an asynchronous WDM local area network using a master/slave scheduler (1999)

We describe an architecture and medium access control (MAC) protocol for WDM networks. The system is based on a broadcast star architecture and uses an unslotted access protocol and a centralized scheduler to efficiently provide bandwidth-on-demand in WDM networks. To overcome the effects of propagation delays the scheduler measures the delays between the terminals and the hub and takes that delay into account when scheduling transmissions. Simple scheduling algorithms, based on a look-ahead capability, are used to overcome the effects of head-of-line blocking. An important application area for this system is in optical access networks, where this novel MAC protocol can be used to access wavelengths in a WDM passive optical network (PON).
The Lumbar Neural Foramen and Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injections: An Anatomic Review With Key Safety Considerations in Planning the Percutaneous Approach (2017)

Although no consensus currently exists about which approach is the safest, knowledge of the foraminal anatomy is a key consideration when choosing a needle approach for transforaminal epidural steroid injections.
Agonist Replacement Therapy for Cocaine Dependence: A Translational Review (2012)

Cocaine use disorders are prevalent throughout the world. Agonist replacement therapy is among the most effective strategies for managing substance use disorders including nicotine and opioid dependence. This paper reviews the translational literature, including preclinical experiments, human laboratory studies and clinical trials, to determine whether agonist-replacement therapy is a viable strategy for managing cocaine dependence. Discussion is limited to transporter blockers (i.e., methylphenidate) and releasers (i.e., amphetamine analogs) that are available for use in humans in the hope of impacting clinical research and practice more quickly. The translational review suggests that agonist-replacement therapy, especially monoamine releasers, may be effective for managing cocaine dependence. Future directions for medications development are also discussed because the viability of agonist-replacement therapy for cocaine dependence may hinge on identifying novel compounds or formulations that have less abuse and diversion potential.
Geoelectrical inversion for a one-dimensional anisotropic model and inherent non-uniqueness (2000)

It has been shown that the inversion of geoelectrical sounding data from an anisotropic underground structure with an isotropic model can strongly distort the image of the resistivity distribution of the Earth. Because of this it is useful to extend the models to include an anisotropic earth. The inverse model used in this paper is a layered earth with general anisotropy, such that a 3 × 3 resistivity tensor is assigned to each layer. This symmetric, positive-definite resistivity tensor is parametrized by three principal resistivities and three Euler angles. Therefore, together with the thickness, seven parameters for each layer of the earth have to be resolved. The Marquardt–Levenberg method is used to invert the Schlumberger resistivity sounding data with an anisotropic model. The inversion results using synthetic data show that for an anisotropic earth, rather than all parameters, only particular parameter combinations can be resolved uniquely. Theoretical investigations support these conclusions and confirm that unlike the general non-uniqueness in geoelectrical inversion resulting from inaccurate, insufficient or inconsistent data, the non-uniqueness of geoelectrical inversion for an anisotropic model is an inherent one, which means that no unique solution can be obtained, even if perfect data are assumed.
Visualization of human brain structure-function relationships (2003)

A procedure is described for combining and visualizing complementary structural and functional information from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET). MR and PET images of the human brain were obtained and correlated to form three-dimensional volumes of image data. Using a volumetric imaging technique, a procedure was developed to texture-map brain glucose metabolism onto brain anatomy. Sequences of three-dimensional views were produced and displayed dynamically to indicate the three-dimensional relationship between brain structure and brain function.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cooler: scalable storage for Hi-C data and other genomically-labeled arrays (2019)

Most existing coverage-based (epi)genomic datasets are one-dimensional, but newer technologies probing interactions (physical, genetic, etc.) produce quantitative maps with two-dimensional genomic coordinate systems. Storage and computational costs mount sharply with data resolution when such maps are stored in dense form. Hence, there is a pressing need to develop data storage strategies that handle the full range of useful resolutions in multidimensional genomic datasets by taking advantage of their sparse nature, while supporting efficient compression and providing fast random access to facilitate development of scalable algorithms for data analysis. We developed a file format called cooler, based on a sparse data model, that can support genomically-labeled matrices at any resolution. It has the flexibility to accommodate various descriptions of the data axes (genomic coordinates, tracks and bin annotations), resolutions, data density patterns, and metadata. Cooler is based on HDF5 and is supported by a Python library and command line suite to create, read, inspect and manipulate cooler data collections. The format has been adopted as a standard by the NIH 4D Nucleome Consortium. Cooler is cross-platform, BSD-licensed, and can be installed from the Python Package Index or the bioconda repository. The source code is maintained on Github at https://github.com/mirnylab/cooler .
Symplectic genus, minimal genus and diffeomorphisms (2002)

In this paper, the symplectic genus for any 2-dimensional class in a 4-manifold admitting a symplectic structure is introduced, and its relation with the minimal genus is studied. It is used to describe which classes in rational and irrational ruled manifolds are realized by connected symplectic surfaces. In particular, we completely determine which classes with square at least -1 in such manifolds can be represented by embedded spheres. Moreover, based on a new characterization of the action of the diffeomorphism group on the intersection forms of a rational manifold, we are able to determine the orbits of the diffeomorphism group on the set of classes represented by embedded spheres of square at least -1 in any 4-manifold admitting a symplectic structure.
Sound radiation from a two-dimensional scarf inlet using the noise prediction code TBIEM2D (1998)

Used as a passive noise control measure for aeroengines, the scarf inlet is designed to direct sound away from noise sensitive regions. Current analytical models for studying radiation from scarf inlets apply ray acoustics methods to scattering by semi-infinite ducts. This approach is restricted to the high or low frequency limits and predictions yield qualitative results only. A computer program, TBEEM2D, based on a boundary integral equation formulation, has been developed for calculating the noise radiated from 2-D finite length ducts. By using simple sound generating sources in the presence of a uniform, subsonic, axial inflow, TBEEM2D calculates radiated noise patterns forward and aft, and in both near and far fields. The code is valid at all computationally feasible frequencies. Calculations with TBIEM2D extend the ray acoustics findings by showing that the scarf inlet is effective at redirecting noise for a wide range of frequency and inflow Mach number. Results also indicate that the scarf inlet can alter significantly the internal acoustic field. This phenomenon, not addressed completely by the ray acoustics theories, can have significant impact on the relative strengths of the radiated modes.
Efficient Terahertz-Wave Generation Using a 4-Dimethylamino-<i>N</i>-methyl-4-stilbazolium Tosylate Pumped by a Dual-Wavelength Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser (2012)

We have demonstrated highly efficient terahertz (THz)-wave generation based on 4-dimethylamino-N-methyl-4-stilbazolium tosylate (DAST) difference frequency generation (DFG), directly pumped by a dual-wavelength neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser. The Q-switched Nd:YAG laser simultaneously generated two wavelengths (1.319 and 1.338 µm), corresponding to a frequency difference of 3.2 THz. A 7.8 mJ pulsed Nd:YAG energy output was achieved, with a pulse duration of 90 ns, resulting in a THz-wave energy of 1.2 nJ.
Activity of Polyphenolic Compounds against Candida glabrata (2015)

Opportunistic mycoses increase the morbidity and mortality of immuno-compromised patients. Five Candida species have been shown to be responsible for 97% of worldwide cases of invasive candidiasis. Resistance of C. glabrata and C. krusei to azoles has been reported, and new, improved antifungal agents are needed. The current study was designed to evaluatethe activity of various polyphenolic compounds against Candida species. Antifungal activity was evaluated following the M27-A3 protocol of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, and antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH assay. Myricetin and baicalein inhibited the growth of all species tested. This effect was strongest against C. glabrata, for which the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was lower than that of fluconazole. The MIC values against C. glabrata for myricitrin, luteolin, quercetin, 3-hydroxyflavone, and fisetin were similar to that of fluconazole. The antioxidant activity of all compounds was confirmed, and polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant activity had the greatest activity against C. glabrata. The structure and position of their hydroxyl groups appear to influence their activity against C. glabrata.
Cascaded carry-select adder (C/sup 2/SA): a new structure for low-power CSA design (2005)

In this paper we propose a novel low-power carry-select adder (CSA) design called cascaded CSA (C/sup 2/SA). Based on the prediction of the critical path delay of current operation, C/sup 2/SA can automatically work with one or two clock-cycle latency and a scaled supply voltage to achieve power improvement. Post-layout simulations of a 64-bit C/sup 2/SA in 180nm technology show that C/sup 2/SA can operate at a lower supply voltage, attaining 40.7% energy saving, while maintaining a similar (average) latency per operation (LPO) compared to standard CSA.
Biodegradation of Ochratoxin A by Fungi Isolated from Grapes (2002)

Ochratoxin A is a mycotoxin present in several food products for which levels should be reduced. Chemical, physical, and biological methods have been proposed for the detoxification of mycotoxins, biological methods being the more promising ones. In this report, filamentous fungi isolated from Portuguese grapes were assessed for ochratoxin A degradation capabilities. It was observed that 51 of the 76 tested strains, predominantly aspergillus species, were able to degrade more than 80% of ochratoxin A added to the culture medium and that the most potent species (more than 95% of initial amount) were the black aspergilli, A. clavatus, A. ochraceus, A. versicolor, and A. wentii. Other fungi frequently isolated from grapes, such as Alternaria, Botrytis, Cladosporium, and Penicillium, also showed significant degradation capabilities. It was observed that the compounds obtained from the degradation of ochratoxin A by black aspergilli and by A. ochraceus and A. wentii strains were different.
Minority carrier lifetime and diffusion length in HgTe/CdTe superlattices by molecular beam epitaxy (1992)

Transient minority carrier lifetime and steady state diffusion length measurements have been performed on n-type HgTe/CdTe superlattices grown on CdZnTe(100) substrates. The n-type (100) superlattice sample shows a lifetime of 90–100 ns at 77–160 K which then decreases with increasing temperature down to 50 ns near 300 K. p-type HgTe/CdTe superlattices show normal behavior for temperature-dependent lifetimes. The measured lifetime is approximately 20 ns at 77 K and increases continuously to 85 ns at 300 K. An independent measurement of minority carrier diffusion length in a p-type HgTe/CdTe superlattice has led to an excellent agreement with a transient lifetime value of 66 ns at 200 K. The minority carrier diffusion length in a direction parallel to the interfaces indicates that the lateral transport properties are not much different from the transport properties of bulk HgCdTe.
C.A.F. Meekings, 1914–1977 (1985)

(1985). C.A.F. Meekings, 1914–1977. The Journal of Legal History: Vol. 6, English Mediaeval Law, pp. 84-85.
Failure of Intraaortic Balloon Counterpulsation Caused by Pacing or Other Electrical Artifacts: A New Method of Correction (1987)

A method using an interface device is presented designed to correct malfunction of counterpulsation caused by pacing signals or other electronic interference in patients undergoing simultaneous pacing and counterpulsation.