gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and Usability of a Home Telerehabilitation System to Train Hand Recovery Following Stroke (2009)

Current theories of stroke rehabilitation point toward paradigms of intense concentrated use of the afflicted limb as a means for motor program reorganization and partial function restoration. A home-based system for stroke rehabilitation that trains recovery of hand function by a treatment of concentrated movement was developed and tested. A wearable goniometer measured finger and wrist motions in both hands. An interface box transmitted sensor measurements in real-time to a laptop computer. Stroke patients used joint motion to control the screen cursor in a one-dimensional tracking task for several hours a day over the course of 10–14 days to complete a treatment of 1800 tracking trials. A telemonitoring component enabled a therapist to check in with the patient by video phone to monitor progress, to motivate the patient, and to upload tracking data to a central file server. The system was designed for use at home by patients with no computer skills. The system was placed in the homes of 20 subjects with chronic stroke and impaired finger motion, ranging from 2–305 mi away from the clinic, plus one that was a distance of 1057 miles. Fifteen subjects installed the system at home themselves after instruction in the clinic, while nine required a home visit to install. Three required follow-up visits to fix equipment. A post-treatment telephone survey was conducted to assess ease of use and most responded that the system was easy to use. Functional improvements were seen in the subjects enrolled in the formal treatment study, although the treatment period was too short to trigger cortical reorganization. We conclude that the system is feasible for home use and that tracking training has promise as a treatment paradigm.
The Role of the DNA Damage Checkpoint Pathway in Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Pancreas (2007)

Our findings indicate that DNA damage checkpoint activation occurs in the early stage of IPMNs and prevents their progression. It is suggested that disturbance of the DNA damage checkpoint pathway due to Chk2 inactivation or p53 mutation contributes to the carcinogenesis of IPMNs.
Influence of acceptor-like traps in the buffer on current collapse and leakage of E-mode AlGaN/GaN MISHFETs (2013)

Current collapse has been observed in transient simulations even with highly efficient surface passivation by HfO2. In this work, current collapse and buffer-leakage mechanisms in E-mode (normally off) AlGaN/GaN metal-insulator-semiconductor heterostructure field-effect transistors (MISHFETs) have been investigated by physics-based simulations. The influences on both current collapse and off-state leakage from the energy levels of the acceptor-like traps in the buffer and also the density of the traps have been systematically studied. It is shown that traps with higher energy levels will induce less current collapse and less buffer leakage. It is demonstrated that current collapse is closely related with the change of the densities of ionized acceptor-like traps before and after the stress. Results further indicate that with increasing buffer trap density, the off-state leakage significantly decreases while current collapse increases. Finally, a non-uniform distribution of the acceptor-like traps in the buffer has been proposed to balance the trade-off between current collapse and buffer leakage.
The endocannabinoid 2-AG controls skeletal muscle cell differentiation via CB1 receptor-dependent inhibition of K<sub>v</sub>7 channels (2014)

Little is known of the involvement of endocannabinoids and cannabinoid receptors in skeletal muscle cell differentiation. We report that, due to changes in the expression of genes involved in its metabolism, the levels of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) are decreased both during myotube formation in vitro from murine C2C12 myoblasts and during mouse muscle growth in vivo. The endocannabinoid, as well as the CB1 agonist arachidonoyl-2-chloroethylamide, prevent myotube formation in a manner antagonized by CB1 knockdown and by CB1 antagonists, which, per se, instead stimulate differentiation. Importantly, 2-AG also inhibits differentiation of primary human satellite cells. Muscle fascicles from CB1 knockout embryos contain more muscle fibers, and postnatal mice show muscle fibers of an increased diameter relative to wild-type littermates. Inhibition of Kv7.4 channel activity, which plays a permissive role in myogenesis and depends on phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), underlies the effects of 2-AG. We find that CB1 stimulation reduces both total and Kv7.4-bound PIP2 levels in C2C12 cells and inhibits Kv7.4 currents in transfected CHO cells. We suggest that 2-AG is an endogenous repressor of myoblast differentiation via CB1-mediated inhibition of Kv7.4 channels.
Succinct Non-Interactive Arguments for a von Neumann Architecture. (2013)

We design and build a system that enables clients to verify the outputs of programs executed by untrusted servers. A server provides a succinct non-interactive zero-knowledge proof (also known as a zk-SNARK), which the client verifies to ascertain correct execution. The system has two components: a cryptographic proof system for verifying satisfiability of arithmetic circuits, and a circuit generator to translate program executions to such circuits. Our design of both components improves in functionality and efficiency over previous work, as follows. Our circuit generator is the first to be universal: it does not need to know the program, but only a bound on its running time. It is also the first to support programs expressed as code for a von Neumann RISC random-access memory architecture, where programs may use just-in-time compilation and selfmodifying code. Moreover, the dependence on program size is additive (instead of multiplicative as in prior works), allowing efficient verification of large programs. The cryptographic proof system significantly improves proving and verification times, using a new pairing-based cryptographic library tailored to the protocol. We evaluated our system for programs with up to 10,000 instructions, running for up to 32,000 machine steps, each of which can arbitrarily access random-access memory; and demonstrated it executing programs that use just-in-time compilation. Our proofs are 230 bytes long at 80 bits of security, or 288 bytes long at 128 bits of security. Typical verification time is 5 ms, regardless of the original program’s running time.
The multiple traveling purchaser problem (2010)

The traveling purchaser problem (TPP) is a generalization of the well-known traveling salesman problem (TSP) and has many real-world applications, such as purchasing required raw materials for manufacturing factories, scheduling a set of jobs for certain machines, and many others. TPP also could be extended to the vehicle routing problem (VRP) by incorporating additional constraints, such as multi-purchaser, capacity, distance, and time restrictions. In the last decade, TPP has received the attention of some operational researchers. However, it has not received the same amount of interest as TSP and VRP. Therefore, there are no studies for the multiple TPP. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the ILP formulation for capacitated and uncapacitated multiple TPP.
Mechanism of pulsed surface flashover involving electron-stimulated desorption (1980)

A simple model is proposed to explain how a breakdown avalanche of secondary emission electrons can lead to surface flashover when an insulator in vacuum breaks down a few nanoseconds after high voltage is applied. The case of a plane insulator–vacuum interface perpendicular to parallel electrodes is considered. Positive surface charging is assumed to occur almost immediately upon application of the voltage, and the attendent secondary emission avalanche is assumed to be maintained at saturation throughout the prebreakdown time delay by field emission from the cathode electrode. Bombardment of the insulator by avalanche electrons desorbs a cloud of gas, which is partially ionized as it drifts through the swarm of electrons in the avalanche. The electric field at the cathode end of the insulator becomes enhanced as positive ions accumulate, which in turn increases the field emission and the rates of gas desorption and ionization. This and other regenerative processes rapidly lead to breakdown. Field enhancement at the cathode end of the insulator and increased field emission are individually considered in determining the prebreakdown time delay, with very similar results. The model predicts a time delay of the order of 10 ns at E=10 MV/m, which is in reasonable agreement with experimental observations. The proportionality we have observed between the time delay and the inverse square of the applied voltage is also predicted, as well as a dependence of the time delay on the insulator length. The model may also account for the improved performance of insulators coated with certain metal oxides.
Knockout of the placenta specific 8 gene radiosensitizes nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by activating the PI3K/AKT/GSK3β pathway. (2018)

The present study investigated the radiosensitizing effect of placenta specific 8 (PLAC8) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells. A PLAC8-knockout CNE2 cell line was constructed using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The CCK-8 assay demonstrated knockout of PLAC8 significantly reduced cell proliferation and cell survival after irradiation compared to both control cells and non-irradiated PLAC8-knockout cells. The clonogenic assay showed knockout of PLAC8 enhanced the radiosensitivity of NPC cells. Flow cytometry revealed knockout of PLAC8 increased apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest after irradiation. Western blotting demonstrated knockout of PLAC8 was associated with increased levels of γHA2X, a higher BAX:BCL-2 ratio, and increased levels of phosphorylated-Akt and phosphorylated-GSK-3β. Overall, this study indicates PLAC8 contributes to radioresistance in NPC by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/GSK3β pathway.
A New Deep Learning Model for Fault Diagnosis with Good Anti-Noise and Domain Adaptation Ability on Raw Vibration Signals (2017)

Intelligent fault diagnosis techniques have replaced time-consuming and unreliable human analysis, increasing the efficiency of fault diagnosis. Deep learning models can improve the accuracy of intelligent fault diagnosis with the help of their multilayer nonlinear mapping ability. This paper proposes a novel method named Deep Convolutional Neural Networks with Wide First-layer Kernels (WDCNN). The proposed method uses raw vibration signals as input (data augmentation is used to generate more inputs), and uses the wide kernels in the first convolutional layer for extracting features and suppressing high frequency noise. Small convolutional kernels in the preceding layers are used for multilayer nonlinear mapping. AdaBN is implemented to improve the domain adaptation ability of the model. The proposed model addresses the problem that currently, the accuracy of CNN applied to fault diagnosis is not very high. WDCNN can not only achieve 100% classification accuracy on normal signals, but also outperform the state-of-the-art DNN model which is based on frequency features under different working load and noisy environment conditions.
Oxygen Quenching of Luminescence of Pressure Sensitive Paint for Wind Tunnel Research (1997)

A technique for measuring the lift on airfoils in wind tunnels has been developed based on oxygen quenching of luminescence. A luminophor that is quenched by oxygen is dissolved in a paint containing polymer that is oxygen permeable and a volatile solvent. The paint is sprayed to form a coating on the airfoil surface. The intensity of photo excited emission depends on the effective oxygen pressure over the surface. During airflow this is reduced and the emission gets brighter. The ratio of a CCD camera image of the emission intensity taken in still air to that taken during airflow provides a map of the pressure on the airfoil surface. This is given by the Stern-Volmer equation: Io(x,y)/I(x,y) = A + B(pxy/po) where Io(x,y) is the intensity measured at point x,y in still air at pressure po, I(x,y) is the intensity at the same point during airflow, pxy is the pressure at that point during airflow, and A and B are calibration constants. The luminophor of choice was a platinum porphyrin that is excited in the near uv and emits a phosphorescence at 650 nm. The most serious problem with the method is that the emission intensity is also temperature dependent.
Synthesis of Dihomocalix[4]naphthalenes:  First Members of a New Class of [1.2.1.2](1,3)Naphthalenophanes (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTSynthesis of Dihomocalix[4]naphthalenes: First Members of a New Class of [1.2.1.2](1,3)NaphthalenophanesParis E. Georghiou, Zhaopeng Li, Muhammad Ashram, and David O. MillerView Author Information Department of Chemistry and X-ray Crystallography Unit, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada A1B 3X7 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 11, 3865–3869Publication Date (Web):May 31, 1996Publication History Received22 November 1995Published online31 May 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo9520654https://doi.org/10.1021/jo9520654brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views545Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Carbene compounds,Hydrocarbons,Molecular structure,Molecules Get e-Alerts
Bimodal Emotion Recognition using Speech and Physiological Changes (2007)

In this paper, we treated all stages of emotion analysis, from data collection to classification using short-term observations, and evaluated several fusion methods as well as a hybrid decision scheme. We also compared the results from multimodal classification with the unimodal results. As in our earlier work (Kim et al. 2005) where we relied on longer observation phases and a different set of features, the best results were obtained by featurelevel fusion method in combination with feature selection stage. In this case, not only userdependent, but also user-independent emotion classification could be improved compared to the unimodal methods.
A Simple Screening Method for Detection of Verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (1994)

Twenty-one strains of Escherichia coli were examined for hemolysis on Beutin agar, and 11 of 12 verocytotoxin (VT)-producing E. coli showed complete hemolysis, being divided into two types; widely diffuse and narrow focal. Since polymyxin B (PBE) extracts from agar culture of hemolytic E. coli, gave VT titers almost equal to those of shaking broth culture samples, hemolysis test of PBE samples using Beutin agar would be useful for simple screening of VT-producing E. coli.
Casein phosphopeptide combined with fluoride enhances the inhibitory effect on initial adhesion of Streptococcus mutans to the saliva-coated hydroxyapatite disc (2020)

Pellicle modification by CPP inhibited S. mutans initial adhesion to s-HA, possibly by reducing hydrophobicity and negative charge of the s-HA surface, and incorporating fluoride into CPP further enhanced the anti-adhesion effect.
CCK receptor antagonism by loxiglumide and gall bladder contractions in response to cholecystokinin, sham feeding and ordinary feeding in man. (1989)

The postprandial contractions of the gall bladder result from the interaction of neurohormonal factors but their relative contribution is unknown. This study was designed to determine the role of cholecystokinin (CCK) in gall bladder contractions using a highly selective and potent CCK-receptor antagonist, CR-1505 (loxiglumide) in healthy men either infused with exogenous CCK in graded doses (1.56-50 pmol/kg/h) or subjected to modified sham feeding (MSF) and ordinary feeding tests. The gall bladder volume measured by real time ultrasonography showed dose dependent decrease in the gall bladder volume in 10 subjects when CCK8 was infused iv in graded doses reaching about 15% at 1.56 pmol/kg/h and 91% at 50 pmol/kg/h. Close correlation between the decrease in gall bladder volume and the dosage of CCK or the increments in plasma CCK-bioactivity was observed. After pretreatment with loxiglumide, CCK resulted in similar increments in plasma CCK-bioactivity but failed to affect the gall bladder volume at CCK doses up to 6.25 pmol/kg/h and caused only 53% reduction at 50 pmol/kg/h. Modified sham feeding and real feeding reduced the volume of gall bladder by 20% and 70%, respectively and loxiglumide decreased these values to 15% and 30%, respectively. This study provides evidence that loxiglumide is highly potent and selective CCK antagonist and that endogenous CCK plays an important role both in the postprandial contractions of gall bladder.
A frequency-controlled active phased array (2004)

A frequency-controlled active phased array is introduced for cost-effective base-station applications. The array realizes simple LO-controlled beam steering with a fixed RF frequency, but without phase shifter components. Primary beam squint and pattern distortions, often seen in typical frequency-controlled phased arrays, are substantially reduced by the use of our heterodyne-mixing scheme and new feed network structures. The MMIC amplifiers provide more than 20 dB gain for a desired RF signal at 20 GHz, and effectively suppress the unwanted sideband and spurious LO by more than 40 dB. The K-band transmitter array demonstrates up to 40 degree beam-steering within 0.5 degree scan error and less than 1.3 dB gain error during scanning.
Performance Degradation due to I/Q Imbalance in Multi-Carrier Direct Conversion Receivers: A Theoretical Analysis (2006)

I/Q imbalance has been identified as one of the most serious concerns in the practical implementation of the direct conversion receiver architecture. In particular, at the reception of multi-carrier signals the achievable error rate is strictly limited by the I/Q imbalance. Knowledge about the quantitative link between the hardware parameters and the resulting error rate is essential for a reasonable design of the receiver front-end. In this paper a novel framework for the analytical computation of the symbol error probability in multi-carrier systems is presented. We consider an arbitrary M-ary QAM modulated multi-carrier signal, which is corrupted by both a noisy Rayleigh fading channel and receiver I/Q imbalance. The theoretical results are validated exemplarily for the IEEE 802.11a WLAN standard.
The validity and reliability of real-time ultrasound estimation of bladder volume in postnatal women (1996)

SummaryTwenty-eight women following forceps delivery were recruited to assess the validity of the ultrasonic estimation of bladder volumes. A further 20 postpartum women with in-dwelling catheters were recruited to assess the reliability of the ultrasound method. The in limit of visualisation of urine in the bladder by ultrasound appeared to be approximately 25 ml. 1 he intraelass correlation coefficients for the bladder volume estimated by ultrasound versus those obtained by urethral catheterisation was 0–98. indicating a high degree of correctness in the ultrasonic measurements (validity). The mean difference between bladder volumes measured by two independent observers for bladder volumes between 40 and 120 ml was + 2–4 ml and the corresponding limits of agreement (mean i s.d.) were -13–6 to ±18–3 ml. The overall intraelass correlation coefficient for bladder volumes independently measured using ultrasound by two observers was 0–99, indicating a high degree of agreement between the two observers (reliability). Real-time ultrasound provides a valid, reliable and non-invasive method of measuring bladder volumes in postpartum women.
Smart power technology and the evolution from protective umbrella to complete system (2002)

Almost unnoticed, power integrated circuit technology has evolved significantly over the last few years. Previously the focus was always on improving the performance of power integrated circuits; today the result of innovations is a new kind of technology that allows entire systems to be integrated on one piece of silicon.
Laser joining of glass with silicon (2002)

New joining techniques are required for the variety of materials used in the manufacture of microsystems. Lasers are emerging as a useful tool for joining miniaturized devices. The beam can be focused to less than .001 inch allowing localized joining of very small geometries. There is minimal heat input into the part so distortion and change in material properties is minimal. The high quality of the laser welds and the precise process control enable hermetic sealing.
Hypoxia potentiates transforming growth factor‐β expression of hepatocyte during the cirrhotic condition in rat liver (2004)

We put forward the hypothesis that TGF-beta1 is mainly produced by MFBs and macrophages at early and middle stages of fibrotic processes, but it is predominantly released by hypoxic hepatocytes in the last fibrotic stage or cirrhosis.
New tools for reconstruction and heterologous expression of natural product biosynthetic gene clusters (2015)

Natural product scaffolds remain a major source and inspiration for human therapeutics. However, generation of a natural product in the post-genomic era often requires reconstruction of the corresponding biosynthetic gene cluster in a heterologous host. In the burgeoning fields of synthetic biology and metabolic engineering, a significant amount of efforts has been devoted to develop DNA assembly techniques with higher efficiency, fidelity, and modularity, and heterologous expression systems with higher productivity and yield. Here we describe recent advances in DNA assembly and host engineering and highlight their applications in natural product discovery and engineering.