gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Image Segmentation Using Multi-Objective Evaluation and Hybrid Search Methods (1993)

This paper describes an approach for image segmentation that relies on learning from experience to adapt and improve the segmentation performance. The adaptive image segmentation system incorporates a feedback loop consisting of a machine learning subsystem, an image segmentation algorithm, and an evaluation component which determines segmentation quality. The machine learning component is based on genetic adaptation and uses (separately) a pure genetic algorithm (GA) and hybrid of GA and hill climbing (HC). When the learning subsystem is based on pure genetics, the corresponding evaluation component is based on a vector of evaluation criteria. For the hybrid case, the system employs a scalar evaluation measure which is a weighted combination of the different criteria. Experimental results for pure genetic and hybrid search methods are presented using a representative database of outdoor TV imagery.
DEVELOPMENT OF SUPPRESSOR LYMPHOCYTES DURING ACUTE REJECTION OF RAT CARDIAC ALLOGRAFTS AND PRESERVATION OF SUPPRESSION BY ANTI-IL-2-RECEPTOR MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY (1986)

Suppressor activity was investigated in rats undergoing acute rejection of heterotopic cardiac allografts. Spleen cells were harvested at 7 days from LEW rats rejecting (LEW x BN)F1 heart grafts and fractionated into their T, T suppressor/cytotoxic, and T helper subpopulations. Transfer of alloimmune unseparated spleen cells to syngeneic recipients of (Lew x BN)F1 test grafts accelerated rejection from 8 to 6.5 days (P less than 0.01). Graft survival was prolonged to about 15 days (P less than 0.005) after transfer of the splenic T suppressor/cytotoxic fraction. Treatment of test graft recipients with ART-18, a mouse antirat monoclonal antibody directed against the rat interleukin 2 receptor on the surface of activated lymphocytes, increased graft survival to about 3 weeks (P less than 0.005), and to about 23 days (P less than 0.005) when test graft recipients were treated with ART 18 following transfer of alloimmune unseparated spleen cells. In contrast, ART-18 treatment of test graft recipients already injected with T suppressor/cytotoxic cells had no additive effect. Increased production of endogenous interleukin 2 occurred concomitantly with the onset of rejection in these animals; interleukin 2 release declined during the late stages of rejection when suppressor activity had increased. Similarly, in T-cell-depleted (B) rats, allograft rejection could be produced by immune reconstitution with sensitized lymphocytes, but could be significantly delayed by prior transfer of suppressor cells. These data document the presence of potent suppressor activity in the acutely rejecting host and suggest that the suppressor mechanisms are inhibited less than effector mechanisms by interleukin-2-receptor-targeted therapy.
2000-Atmosphere Chip-Scale Packaged Bulk-Type Pressure Sensor with Dual-Cavity Induced Stress Amplification (2021)

Characterized up to a pressure of 200 MPa, a bulk-type single-cavity pressure sensor with a sensitivity of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$79 \mu \mathrm{V}/\mathrm{V}/\text{MPa}$</tex> was previously reported. However, the capability of such a construction had not been fully realized since the pressure sensitivity was limited by the bulging of the surface on which the piezoresistive sensors were constructed. Presently reported is an improved dual-cavity design that incorporates a pressure sensing middle plate sandwiched between two vacuum-sealed cavities. Guided by finite-element analysis, the thickness of the sensing plate and the height of the cavities have been optimized. Over the same pressure range of 200 MPa, the new sensor exhibits a pressure sensitivity of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$200\ \mu \mathrm{V}/\mathrm{V}/\text{MPa}$</tex> . This is 2.5× higher than that of the single-cavity design. In addition, a new chip-scale packaging scheme is proposed, providing silicon columns functioning as both electrical leads and stress-relieving structures.
Preparation and Characterization of Low Oil Uptake Rice Cake Donuts (2002)

ABSTRACT Cake donuts were prepared using wheat flour (WF), long grain rice flour (LGRF), and waxy rice flour (WRF). They were also prepared with the flours partially replaced by pregelatinized rice flour (PGRF) or propylene glycol alginate (PGA). The dough consistency was maintained at a comparable predetermined level by adjusting the water content. Without PGRF or PGA in the formulation, the WRF donut had the lowest oil uptake (11.8%) and the WF donut the highest (23.6%). With modified flour formulations, the oil uptake decreased for LGRF donuts and WF donuts. Oil uptake of the LGRF donut decreased with increased PGRF. Up to 30% PGRF could be used, with characteristics comparable to the traditional WF donuts but as much as 54% lower in oil uptake on a dry basis.
Ultra-high resolution adaptive optics: optical coherence tomography for in vivo imaging of healthy and diseased retinal structures (2008)

Ultra-high isotropic resolution imaging of retinal structures was made possible with an adaptive optics system using dual deformable mirrors and a Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (Fd-OCT) system with correction for longitudinal chromatic aberration. This system was used to image microscopic retinal structures of healthy as well as diseased retinas in vivo. The improved resolution and contrast enhanced visualization of morphological structures in the retina can be clearly seen. The benefits of this instrument are apparent from comparison of new images with those acquired using a previous generation AO-OCT instrument. Big change in the appearance of speckle field (reduction in speckle size) can be observed as well. Additionally, further improvements in volumetric data acquisition and image representation will be discussed. This includes creation of large Field of View (FOV) AO-OCT volume from multiple sub-volumes and its visualization. Also techniques and results of reducing speckle contrast by averaging multiple B-scans will be presented.
Nanocrystalline Diamond-Gated AlGaN/GaN HEMT (2013)

Boron-doped <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm p}^{+}$</tex></formula> nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films are implemented as heat spreading gate contacts to AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors. This device demonstrates a reduced ON-resistance, reduced gate leakage, and significantly increased ON-state current density compared with the reference Ni/Au-gated devices from the same wafer. The NCD gate electrode is thermally stable, chemically stable, optically transparent, and places a heat spreading film in direct contact with the gate edge, which is the hottest part of the device.
Small-Molecule Inhibitors of the Mcl-1 Oncoprotein (2014)

Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 protein family, has emerged as an especially attractive target for the development of next generation antineoplastics owing to its direct involvement in tumor genesis as well as its role in the resistance of many cancers to current anti-cancer therapies. The efficacy of Navitoclax against a range of different cancer models that are dependent on Bcl-x L and Bcl-2, two relatives of Mcl-1, indicates that the inhibition of Mcl-1 with small-molecules might also be a viable strategy to kill cancer cells by inducing apoptosis. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of the most potent, Mcl-1 selective small-molecule inhibitors reported in the literature to date.
Service-Oriented Modeling and Architecture for Realization of an SOA (2006)

Focus of this paper is to highlight some of the key considerations in developing services in SOA environment. These are based on lessons learnt and experience gained through SOA engagements. High level view of IBM's service modeling technique known as SOMA (service oriented modeling architecture) is provided here. This technique consists of three key steps - identification, specification and realization of services, components and flows
A graph-based framework for feature recognition (2001)

This paper discusses a feature recognition system for recognizing User Defined Features (UDF). The feature recognizer uses a graph-based approach to represent and recognize features. An attributed face adjacency graph consisting of topological and geometric attributes is used to represent UDF's. The feature recognition step involves finding similar subgraphs in the part graph. The novelty of the framework lies in the usage of a rich set of attributes to recognize a wide range of features efficiently. A unique representation using graph grammars has also been developed to define family of features such as pockets with variable number of side faces. The feature recognizer also addresses many kinds of feature interactions by progressive suppression of the identified features. New techniques have been implemented for suppressing degenerate or virtual features. The feature recognizer also consists of a parameterization module to extract user-defined parameters from the recognized features.
Purification of a form of protease nexin-1 that binds heparin with a low affinity (1988)

A form of protease nexin 1 (PN-1) that binds heparin with a low affinity (L-PN-1) was purified and studies since altered interactions with glycosaminoglycans could affect its inhibition of certain serine proteases. Purification of L-PN-1 and PN-1 was achieved by fractionating serum-free conditioned culture medium from human fibroblasts over dextran sulfate-Sepharose followed by immunoaffinity fractionation over a PN-1 monoclonal antibody-Sepharose column. The first step separated L-PN-1 from PN-1, and the second step resulted in apparently homogeneous L-PN-1 and PN-1. Comparisons of the two proteins showed that they could not be distinguished by the following properties: (a) molecular weight; (b) proteases complexed; (c) molecular weights of protease-L-PN-1 and protease-PN-1 complexes; (d) CNBr peptide maps; and (e) immunological cross-reactivity. Studies on activities that depend on the heparin binding domain revealed that heparin equally accelerated the rate of formation of 125I-thrombin-L-PN-1 and 125I-thrombin-PN-1 complexes even when the ratio of heparin to L-PN-1 or PN-1 was varied from 0.01 to 100. A functional difference, however, between L-PN-1 and PN-1 was observed in studies on the ability of the fibroblast surface to accelerate their reactions. Fixed fibroblasts accelerated the formation of 125I-thrombin-L-PN-1 complexes 2-fold, whereas they accelerated the formation of 125I-thrombin-PN-1 complexes 5-fold. The availability of purified L-PN-1 will permit studies on its functional relationship to PN-1.
[Utility of dopa decarboxylase as a novel marker for the detection of peritoneal micro-metastases of gastric cancer with realtime RT-PCR]. (2004)

We have examined the utility of DDC as a novel marker for the detection of peritoneal micrometastases of gastric cancer. DDC mRNA in the peritoneal wash from 114 gastric cancer patients was quantified for a comparison of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) mRNA by means of real-time RT-PCR with a fluorescently labeled probe to predict peritoneal recurrence. The cut-off value was set at the upper limit of the quantitative value for non-cancer patients, and those above this cut-off value constituted the micrometastasis (MM+) group. Thirteen of 15 cases with peritoneal dissemination were MM+DDC (87% sensitivity), and one of 48 t1 cases was MM+ (98% specificity). DDC levels in peritoneal washes from patients with synchronous peritoneal metastases were more than 50 times higher than in those from patients without metastasis (p<0.01). For 15 cases of peritoneal dissemination (seven cases were cytologically positive), DDC was positive in 13 cases (87% sensitivity), but CEA failed to detect micrometastases in four cases (73% sensitivity), indicating that DDC is in some cases superior to CEA for the detection of peritoneal micrometastases of gastric cancer in terms of sensitivity as well as specificity, especially for poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas. Combination of CEA and DDC improved the accuracy of diagnosis up to 93%. These results suggest that DDC is potentially a novel marker for peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer and that quantitative RT-PCR of DDC is reliable and efficient for the selection of patients for adjuvant intraperitoneal chemotherapy to prevent peritoneal recurrence.
A variable reduction technique for the analysis of ultra large-scale power distribution networks (2004)

In the trends of high density high speed and low power consumption, the analysis of power distribution networks is rapidly becoming an essential step in the design of high performance ICs. Nevertheless, the analysis is a great challenge, due to the large size of the networks. In this paper, we propose a variable reduction technique for the analysis of large-scale power distribution networks. The basic procedure of the proposed technique is reducing the power distribution network to a manageable size, solving the equation of the reduced network and then recovering the solutions of the original network. With the proposed variable reduction technique, we have achieved speed improvements up to several tens of times compared to the high performance linear system solution techniques, with no loss of accuracy.
Using image processing techniques on proximity probe signals in rotordynamics (2016)

This paper proposes a new approach to process proximity probe signals in rotordynamic applications. It is argued that the signal be interpreted as a one dimensional image. Existing image processing techniques can then be used to gain information about the object being measured. Some results from one application is presented. Rotor blade tip deflections can be calculated through localizing phase information in this one dimensional image. It is experimentally shown that the newly proposed method performs more accurately than standard techniques, especially where the sampling rate of the data acquisition system is inadequate by conventional standards.
Gain reductions due to scatter on wireless paths with directional antennas (1999)

The use of a directional terminal antenna on a wireless link can enhance the received power by as much as the antenna gain. In local scattering, however, the enhancement will be smaller. We call this decrement the gain reduction factor, /spl Delta/. We present a statistical model of /spl Delta/ for fixed suburban paths at 1.9 GHz, based on angle-of-arrival measurements in New Jersey. Our results address the influences of antenna height, antenna beamwidth, distance, and season.
velength Gain-Couple aser Array with Fine Tun (1996)

Abstruct- 16-wavelength semiconductor laser array with he wavelength tunability is demonstrated, Utwg gain-COUpled dktributed feedback (DFB) lasers with different ridge waveguide widths. Besides the coarse tuning by the ridge widths, the line achieved with a Ti thin-film resistor integrated on the chip. Due to the gain-coupling effect, 16 singlemode lasing wavelengths around 1.55 jLm in -1 nm Spacing are obtained ShdhneOUSlY. An effective fine-tuning up to 1 nm is observed at a moderate heating power of 100 mW. guarantees high yield of singlemode operation at predictable Bragg modes for individual lasers [7]-[9], the yield for the arrays is high. post-fabrication tunability for individual lasers in the array is In this Paper, we demonstrate a 16-wave1ength gain-coupled
Deterministic quantum logic gates based on optical nonlinearities in controllable cavities (2021)

A central goal in photonic quantum information processing is the ability to perform high-fidelity logic gates between multiple optical qubits. Here, we present our recent theoretical work on using optical nonlinearities to implement controlled-phase gates between two optical qubits. Our approach is based on using dynamically coupled cavities to convert photons travelling in a waveguide into highly confined cavity modes. This conversion enables very strong interactions between photons in quasi-monochromatic modes, which enables high fidelity gates. We will discuss gate protocols based on second- and third order nonlinear materials as well as interactions with two-level emitters.
Local binary pattern probability model based facial feature localization (2010)

In this paper, an active shape model (ASM) based facial feature localization strategy is proposed, which employs a local binary pattern (LBP) probability model. Due to the computation simplicity and illumination insensitivity of LBP texture descriptor and the learning ability of the probability model, the algorithm is robust and fast. In addition, component-based ASM is used to impose reasonable constraints on the shape. Multi-state shape and texture models with state classifier are trained to handle highly flexible components, i.e. eyes and mouth. Our database consisting of tens of persons with various expressions and illuminations is used to train and verify the proposed algorithm. The experiments demonstrate its accuracy, efficiency and robustness.
Double-stream cyclotron maser (1992)

The double-stream cyclotron maser is a novel source of millimeter wavelength radiation in which two copropagating electron beams are caused to gyrate in a uniform axial magnetic field. The interaction of the slow cyclotron space-charge wave on one beam with the fast cyclotron space-charge wave on the other beam leads to high-frequency bunching. The desired operating frequency is proportional to the electron cyclotron frequency (or a harmonic thereof) and inversely proportional to the difference in beam velocities, and can be achieved at low beam energies and axial magnetic fields. The linear instability growth rate is calculated from the fully relativistic Vlasov equation for the case of cold-electron beams.
Silsesquioxane-siloxane copolymers from polyhedral silsesquioxanes (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSilsesquioxane-siloxane copolymers from polyhedral silsesquioxanesJoseph D. Lichtenhan, Ngo Q. Vu, Jason A. Carter, Jeffrey W. Gilman, and Frank J. FeherCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 8, 2141–2142Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00060a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00060a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1565Altmetric-Citations283LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Methodologies for Medical Computing. Computers for Medical Imaging and Graphics: Use of Computers for Increasing the Information Content of NMR Imaging (1983)

NMR is a rapidly developing modality with proven diagnostic potential. The wealth of information involved suggests that computers can play a valuable role in the analysis of NMR images beyond the common uses of acquisition, reconstruction, storage and display. Applications in the area of relaxation time images, calculated intensity images, flow images and tissue type maps are described.
Transform Network Architectures for Deep Learning Based End-to-End Image/Video Coding in Subsampled Color Spaces (2021)

Most of the existing deep learning based end-to-end image/video coding (DLEC) architectures are designed for non-subsampled RGB color format. However, in order to achieve a superior coding performance, many state-of-the-art block-based compression standards such as High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC/H.265) and Versatile Video Coding (VVC/H.266) are designed primarily for YUV 4:2:0 format, where U and V components are subsampled by considering the human visual system. This paper investigates various DLEC designs to support YUV 4:2:0 format by comparing their performance against the main profiles of HEVC and VVC standards under a common evaluation framework. Moreover, a new transform network architecture is proposed to improve the efficiency of coding YUV 4:2:0 data. The experimental results on YUV 4:2:0 datasets show that the proposed architecture significantly outperforms naive extensions of existing architectures designed for RGB format and achieves about 10% average BD-rate improvement over the intra-frame coding in HEVC.
Constrained Monotonic Neural Networks (2022)

Wider adoption of neural networks in many critical domains such as finance and healthcare is being hindered by the need to explain their predictions and to impose additional constraints on them. Monotonicity constraint is one of the most requested properties in real-world scenarios and is the focus of this paper. One of the oldest ways to construct a monotonic fully connected neural network is to constrain signs on its weights. Unfortunately, this construction does not work with popular non-saturated activation functions as it can only approximate convex functions. We show this shortcoming can be fixed by constructing two additional activation functions from a typical unsaturated monotonic activation function and employing each of them on the part of neurons. Our experiments show this approach of building monotonic neural networks has better accuracy when compared to other state-of-the-art methods, while being the simplest one in the sense of having the least number of parameters, and not requiring any modifications to the learning procedure or post-learning steps. Finally, we prove it can approximate any continuous monotone function on a compact subset of $\mathbb{R}^n$.
<title>Recent advances in Raman spectroscopic measurements of the environment</title> (1996)

Raman spectroscopy has many characteristics that make it a viable method for monitoring contaminants in the environment [1 ,2]. Most significant for the work discussed in this presentation is the ability to transmit the Raman excitation (visible or NIR laser light)and the Raman scattering over long distances of optical fibers. This will allow one to operate at a workstation that is far removed from the actual site of contamination. The other advantage of Raman over similar in-situ optical methods of analysis is a high degree of molecular specificity. Raman is capable of providing molecular identification of the analyte.
Hydrogen removal form molten aluminum by inert gas bubbling. (1990)

The hydrogen removal from molten pure aluminum and various aluminum alloys by inert gas bubbling using newly developed rotating nozzle was investigated. The dependence of the attainable hydrogen reduction level on the partial water vapor pressure (PH2O) of 3.410-5 to 1.010-2 atm in ambient atmosphere was studied in molten pure aluminum. The lower PH2O was, the lower was the attainable hydrogen reduction level. The hydrogen level was lowerd to 0.06cc/100g at PH2O of 3.410-5 atm for 6min. The attainable hydrogen reduction level in various molten aluminum alloys by the same treatment at PH2O of 5.010-3 to 2.910-2 atm for 6min, which is usual in japanese