gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of a MEMS Resonant Wind Sensor on Airplane Wing (2013)

A new kind of wind sensor made up of MEMS resonators is designed in the paper capable of sensing the lift, the resistance and the turbulence of airplane wings by mounting on the surface. The designed wind sensor is made up of four MEMS wind pressure gauges fixed around a square wind resistance block which used to block the wind to change the wind pressure on the surface, and the change of wind pressure is detected by MEMS wind pressure gauges to reveal the air condition on the surface of the airplane wings. As known, a MEMS resonator is a second-order resonant system whose damping factor is mainly dependent on the air pressure, and the characteristic is often used to detecting the airtightness of a sealed chamber for the damping factor is sensitive under high vacuum, while a MEMS resonator with the damping factor sensitive at atmospheric pressure is designed in this paper for sensing wind pressure change, and the MEMS resonator is manufactured on SOI substrates with deep reactive ion etching technology. Also relations between the wind pressure change and the wind speed around a block at atmosphere is revealed by finite element simulation. Compared to traditional wind sensors such as anemometers and Venturi tubes, the designed MEMS wind sensor with a very small size is suitable to mount on different zones of a wing with a large amount to monitor the air condition and have less influence on air flow.
Generation of multicarrier complex lowpass models of RF ICs (2002)

The design of transceivers for wireless digital telecommunications is subject to severe requirements on cost and power consumption. This is a challenge for the design of RF front-end blocks that degrade the bit-error-rate of a telecommunication link. This paper describes a technique to generate accurate high-level models for the RF front-end blocks. The models take into account the nonlinear behavior as a function of frequency. The accuracy of the models is higher than classical complex equivalent models since out-of-band distortion is taken into account. The technique, that is verified with a low-noise amplifier design for 5 GHz WLAN, yields an important gain in simulation efficiency of RF ICs, compared to circuit-level simulations.
Endovascular AAA Exclusion: Will Stents with Hooks and Barbs Prevent Stent-Graft Migration? (1998)

Purpose: To investigate if stents with hooks and barbs will improve stent-graft fixation in the abdominal aorta. Methods: Sixteen- to 24-mm-diameter Dacron grafts were deployed inside cadaveric aortas. The grafts were anchored by stents as in endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. One hundred thirty-seven stent-graft deployments were carried out with modified self-expanding Z-stents with (A) no hooks and barbs (n = 75), (B) 4 5-mm-long hooks and barbs (n = 39), (C) 8 10-mm-long, strengthened hooks and barbs (n = 19), or (D) hooks only (n = 4). Increasing longitudinal traction was applied to determine the displacement force needed to extract the stent-grafts. The radial force of the stents was measured and correlated to the displacement force. Results: The median (interquartile range) displacement force needed to extract grafts anchored by stent A was 2.5 N (2.0 to 3.4), stent B 7.8 N (7.4 to 10.8), and stent C 22.5 N (17.1 to 27.9), p < 0.001. Both hooks and barbs added anchoring strength. During traction, the weaker barbs were distorted or caused intimal tears. The stronger barbs engaged the entire aortic wall. The radial force of the stents had no impact on fixation, while aortic calcification and graft oversizing had marginal effects. Conclusions: Stent barbs and hooks increased the fixation of stent-grafts tenfold, while the radial force of stents had no impact. These data may prove important in future endograft development to prevent stent-graft migration after aneurysm exclusion.
Preparation of Ultrafine Zirconium Nitride Powders from Zirconia by Reduction with Magnesium (1985)

窒素ガス流通下 (150-200ml/min), 500°-1100℃の温度範囲でMg還元によってZrO2からのZrN粉末の合成を試みた. ZrNは600℃以上で生成し, 試料混合比Mg/ZrO2=2-4 (モル比) において中間生成物γ-Zr2ON2が生成したが, Mg/ZrO2=5 (モル比) ではγ-Zr2ON2は生成しなかった. Mg/ZrO2=5 (モル比), 600°-1100℃, 1h反応で得られた生成物を1N HNO3及びアルコールで洗浄し, 真空乾燥 (10-3Torr) させた精製粉末は, X線回折試験によればZrN単相であった. このZrN粉末の結晶子径及び比表面積は, 1000℃以下でほぼ一定で, 結晶子径は16-18nm, 比表面積は30-33m2/gであったが, 1100℃ではそれぞれ23.0nm, 17.6m2/gとなった. 走査型電子顕微鏡観察によれば, 700℃, 1000℃でともに得られたZrN粉末は非常に微細 (30-100nm) で均一であった. また粒子の分散性は700℃では良好であったが, 1000℃では凝集がみられた. Mg/ZrO2=5 (モル比), 1000℃, 1h反応で得られたZrN粉末のN, O及びMg含有量はそれぞれ12.0, 3.1及び0.9wt%であった. Mg/ZrO2=5 (モル比) における還元窒化反応の見掛けの活性化エネルギーは約3.7kcal/mol (750°-900℃) であった.
Turmeric curcumin inhibits entry of all hepatitis C virus genotypes into human liver cells (2013)

Turmeric curcumin inhibits HCV entry independently of the genotype and in primary human hepatocytes by affecting membrane fluidity thereby impairing virus binding and fusion.
German-speaking exiles and the writing of Indian art history (2017)

The German and Austrian origins of some of India’s leading art historians from the 1930s to the 1960s is an understudied dimension of art historiography that questions the knowledge hierarchies of the British Empire and the role of foreigners in Indian nation building. The article focuses on three figures who held key positions in the Indian art world (Ernst Cohn-Wiener, Hermann Goetz and Rudolf von Leyden) and argues that such German-speaking exiles played a determining role in urgent debates of the time. Participating in the circulation of foreign art and ideas in India, especially in Bombay and Baroda, they significantly impacted on the selective process of the history of art. Far from propagating an esoteric, Hindu-centred perspective on Indian art, as did many Indian nationalist art historians, émigrés championed an inclusive take on art by integrating its Muslim as well as Hindu heritage. In addition they helped launch some of India’s most innovative artists. The article thus opens up broader discussions on art and nationalism, the building of a canon and the appropriation of modernism before and after Indian independence.
Water-soluble self-doped 3-substituted polypyrroles (1989)

The prepn. of Na 3-pyrrole(Cn-alkanesulfonates) (I; n = 3, 4, 6) and their electrochem. polymn. was described. The low oxidn. potential of the monomers permitted a direct oxidative electrochem. polymn., without addnl. conduction salts. The exptl. conditions provided, for the first time, solid evidence of the existence of self-doped conducting polypyrroles. The polymers were characterized by spectroscopy (FTIR, UV-visible-near IR, ESR, proton NMR in D2O soln.), x-ray diffraction, cyclic voltammetry, and elemental analyses. The covalently attached sulfonate groups acted as counterions for the charged backbone. The charge carriers were mainly spinless bipolarons. The conductivities were in the range of 0.5 to 10-3 S/cm, with the lower value assocd. with the I (n = 6) homopolymer. Indications were given for deviations from planarity of the main chain. The substituted polypyrroles were water sol. in the self-doped state. Proton NMR spectra of the aq. solns. of the self-doped polymers were discussed. [on SciFinder (R)]
In situ self-assembled photo-switchable liquid crystal alignment layer using azosilane monomer-liquid crystal mixture system (2013)

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are a unique approach for the liquid crystal (LC) alignment in electro-optical applications such as displays. Herein, a new methodology for photo-switchable LC alignment layer using an azosilane monomer and LC mixture system in the absence of any other foreign alignment layer is presented. The azosilane monomer spontaneously separated from the host LCs, and formed a stable monolayer network on the substrate surface. Data from X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS), spectroscopic elipsometry (SE), water contact angle and LC alignment studies confirmed that, in the azosilane and LC mixture system, azosilane makes an in situ SAM that is capable of photo-switchable LC alignment layer on glass and indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates. The LCs are aligned with respect to change in the photo-isomerisation of the azo molecule.
New routing and compaction strategies for yield enhancement (2003)

Improvements in manufacturing lines alone can not compensate for the yield losses due to the increase in complexity of logic. Manufacturing yield improvement needs to be addressed during the physical layout synthesis stage itself. Several layout strategies for yield enhancement are proposed and they are illustrated with respect to channel compaction and routing in standard cell design. Algorithms and other implementation issues are discussed and examples illustrating these algorithms are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Low sidelobe ADS-based arrays for FMCW radar (2011)

A fully analytical technique for concurrently designing the transmit and receive antennas of frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radars is proposed. The approach is based on the interleaving of two sub-arrays according to a binary sequence derived from almost difference sets (ADSs). Thanks to the ADS autocorrelation properties, controllable sidelobes are achieved for the overall radiating systems. A set of preliminary numerical results is provided to assess the effectiveness and potentialities of the method.
A Universal Simultaneous Shooting Technique (2002)

A-04 A UNIVERSAL SIMULTANEOUS SHOOTING TECHNIQUE ROB DE KOK and DIANA GILLESPIE 1 Summary A novel method for the simultaneous recording of seismic data from two or more sources is presented. The coding for the different sources consists of the introduction of either polarity or time delay changes in the field. Separation is achieved through polarity decoding followed by averaging and/or interpolation during processing. For purposes of averaging not only dedicated techniques but also standard processes such as stacking and migration can be relied on. The method is applicable to all possible types of sources and has no restriction as
Emulating DNA: Rigorous Quantification of Evidential Weight in Transparent and Testable Forensic Speaker Recognition (2007)

Forensic DNA profiling is acknowledged as the model for a scientifically defensible approach in forensic identification science, as it meets the most stringent court admissibility requirements demanding transparency in scientific evaluation of evidence and testability of systems and protocols. In this paper, we propose a unified approach to forensic speaker recognition (FSR) oriented to fulfil these admissibility requirements within a framework which is transparent, testable, and understandable, both for scientists and fact-finders. We show how the evaluation of DNA evidence, which is based on a probabilistic similarity-typicality metric in the form of likelihood ratios (LR), can also be generalized to continuous LR estimation, thus providing a common framework for phonetic-linguistic methods and automatic systems. We highlight the importance of calibration, and we exemplify with LRs from diphthongal F-pattern, and LRs in NIST-SRE06 tasks. The application of the proposed approach in daily casework remains a sensitive issue, and special caution is enjoined. Our objective is to show how traditional and automatic FSR methodologies can be transparent and testable, but simultaneously remain conscious of the present limitations. We conclude with a discussion on the combined use of traditional and automatic approaches and current challenges for the admissibility of speech evidence.
Dual-stage Er/Yb doped fiber amplifier for gain and noise figure enhancements (2006)

Gain and noise figure enhancements in an Er/Yb doped fiber amplifier (EYDFA) are demonstrated using a dual-stage amplifier configuration. In comparison to a conventional single-stage amplifier, the gain in this amplifier is enhanced at all wavelengths between 1530 to 1560nm for the input signal powers of -40 and 0dBm. A maximum gain improvement of 7.3dB is obtained at a small signal (-40dBm) wavelength of 1534nm. The noise figure of the design is also enhanced at all wavelengths between 1530 to 1560nm with a maximum reduction of 3.0dB obtained at the small signal wavelength (-40dBm) of 1542nm. The total pump power used in this design is fixed at 140mW. This improvement of gain and noise characteristics is attributed to the efficient pump power distribution within the amplifier and also the addition of a midway optical isolator between the two amplifier stages. The isolator blocks the backward propagating ASE to increase the population inversion at the first stage and thus, enhances the amplifier gain and noise figure. These results show that the usage of a dual-stage configuration with a midway optical isolator is an invaluable consideration when constructing a practical EYDFA.
A Time Domain Iteration-Based Channel Estimation Method in OFDM Systems with Null Subcarriers (2010)

In orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems, some subcarriers are often retained as null subcarriers for easier filter implementation. In this case, the performance of conventional Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT)-based channel estimation will be degraded dramatically due to dispersive distortion of actual channel impulse response (CIR). To solve this problem, in the present paper, we analyze the effect of null subcarriers on channel estimation and propose a novel channel estimation scheme. The proposed scheme, whose basic principle is the joint iteration of correlation operation and interference cancellation in time domain, can hold most energy of actual CIR and suppress noise effectively. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed method outperforms Least Square (LS) channel estimator, conventional DFT-based channel estimator and IDFT-Zero-Forcing(ZF) channel estimatior, especially in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
An integrated performance model of disk arrays (2004)

All enterprise storage systems depend on disk arrays to satisfy their capacity, reliability, and availability requirements. Performance models of disk arrays are useful in understanding the behavior of these storage systems and predicting their performance. We extend prior disk array modeling work by developing an analytical disk array model that incorporates the effects of workload sequentiality, read-ahead caching, write-back caching, and other complex optimizations incorporated into most disk arrays. The model is computationally simple and scales easily, making it potentially useful to performance engineers.
Optimal Charging of Electric Vehicles for Load Shaping: A Dual-Splitting Framework With Explicit Convergence Bounds (2016)

This paper proposes a tailored distributed optimal charging algorithm for plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs). If controlled properly, large PEV populations can enable high penetration of renewables by balancing loads with intermittent generation. The algorithmic challenges include scalability, computation, uncertainty, and constraints on driver mobility and power-system congestion. This paper addresses computation and communication challenges via a scalable distributed optimal charging algorithm. Specifically, we exploit the mathematical structure of the aggregated charging problem to distribute the optimization program, using duality theory. Explicit bounds of convergence are derived to guide computational requirements. Two variations in the dual-splitting algorithm are also presented, which enable privacy-preserving properties. Constraints on both individual mobility requirements and power-system capacity are also incorporated. We demonstrate the proposed dual-splitting framework on a load-shaping case study for the so-called California “Duck Curve” with mobility data generated from the vehicle-to-grid simulator.
Partial Transfer Learning with Selective Adversarial Networks (2017)

Adversarial learning has been successfully embedded into deep networks to learn transferable features, which reduce distribution discrepancy between the source and target domains. Existing domain adversarial networks assume fully shared label space across domains. In the presence of big data, there is strong motivation of transferring both classification and representation models from existing big domains to unknown small domains. This paper introduces partial transfer learning, which relaxes the shared label space assumption to that the target label space is only a subspace of the source label space. Previous methods typically match the whole source domain to the target domain, which are prone to negative transfer for the partial transfer problem. We present Selective Adversarial Network (SAN), which simultaneously circumvents negative transfer by selecting out the outlier source classes and promotes positive transfer by maximally matching the data distributions in the shared label space. Experiments demonstrate that our models exceed state-of-the-art results for partial transfer learning tasks on several benchmark datasets.
Prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub>synthase inhibition as a therapeutic target (2009)

mPGES-1 has the potential to be a target for anti-inflammatory therapy, devoid of adverse GIT and cardiac effects and warrants further investigation.
Light-shift measurement and suppression in atomic spin gyroscope (2012)

We present a method to determine and suppress the light shift in an atomic spin gyroscope. This method doesn't require additional drive source or frequency modulation, and it is based on the dynamics of an atomic spin gyroscope to determine a clean curve as a function of the frequency of the pump beam that predicts the zero light shift. We experimentally validate the method in a Cs-(129)Xe atomic spin gyroscope and verify the results through numerical simulations. This method can also be applied to an atomic spin magnetometer based on the spin-exchange relaxation-free exchange that experiences light shift. The method is useful for atomic spin devices because it can improve long-term performance and reduce the influence of the laser.
Miniaturized vivaldi antenna based on low frequency resonance for WLAN application (2017)

A miniaturized dual-band Vivaldi antenna based on low frequency resonance is presented. Compared with traditional traveling wave mode Vivaldi antenna, the proposed antenna has a smaller size due to the use of self-resonant mode. The antenna is designed to operate at WLAN 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz band and has a physical dimension of 25 × 28 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . A prototype was fabricated and tested, the results show that the proposed antenna can provide two working bands with the -10 dB bandwidth of 2.35-2.58 GHz and 5.1-5.9 GHz, which covers the entire WLAN frequency range.
Multiple processor architectures for real time parameter estimation (2003)

Several multiple processor architectures which allow parallel implementations of the recursive least-squares estimation algorithm are presented and evaluated. The multiple processor architectures are based on the transputer which supports the process model of computation and allows the distribution of concurrent processes on different processors. The computational complexity of the estimation algorithm for a nr*m matrix of parameters can be reduced from O(nr*m/sup 2/) to O(m) using suitable systolic architectures. Also shown are computation time measurements. The parallel architectures allow an effective implementation of the estimation algorithm, even in complex applications which require a computation time of hundreds of microseconds.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<i>β</i>‐amino‐butyric acid‐induced resistance against necrotrophic pathogens is based on ABA‐dependent priming for callose (2004)

The non-protein amino acid beta-amino-butyric acid (BABA) protects plants against a wide range of pathogens. We have examined the effectiveness and mode of action of BABA on resistance against two necrotrophic pathogens. Treatment of Arabidopsis with BABA induced resistance against Alternaria brassicicola and Plectosphaerella cucumerina to a similar level by jasmonic acid (JA). Conversely, treatment with benzothiadiazole (BTH), a functional analogue of salicylic acid (SA), had no significant effect on the resistance against both pathogens. BABA-induced resistance against A. brassicicola and P. cucumerina was unaffected in the JA-insensitive mutant coi1-1 and the camalexin-deficient mutant pad3-1. Moreover, the expression of BABA-induced resistance was not associated with enhanced accumulation of camalexin or enhanced transcription of the JA-inducible PDF1.2 gene. The expression of BABA-induced resistance against P. cucumerina was unaffected in mutants impaired in ethylene (ET) and SA signalling, but was blocked in the abscisic acid (ABA)-deficient mutant aba1-5, the ABA-insensitive mutant abi4-1 and the callose-deficient mutant pmr4-1. Upon infection by both pathogens, BABA-treated plants showed an earlier and more pronounced accumulation of callose. Treatment with the callose-inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DDG) reversed the BABA-induced resistance against A. brassicicola. Furthermore, primed callose deposition was absent in BABA-treated abi4-1 and pmr4-1 plants upon infection by P. cucumerina. Although the expression of BABA-induced resistance was not associated with enhanced transcription of the ABA-inducible RAB18 gene, application of ABA mimicked the effect of BABA on the level of callose accumulation and resistance. Hence, BABA-induced resistance against necrotrophic pathogens is based on primed callose accumulation, which is controlled by an ABA-dependent defence pathway.
The serotonin transporter, gender, and 17  oestradiol in the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (2010)

17β oestradiol is critical to the development of PAH and severe hypoxia-induced PAH in female SERT+ mice. In hPASMCs, 17β oestradiol-induced proliferation is dependant on de novo serotonin synthesis and stimulation of the 5-HT(1B) receptor. These interactions between the serotonin system and 17β oestradiol may contribute to the increased risk of PAH associated with female gender.