gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Downward/Upward Routing Protocol for Mobile-Sensor Networks (2019)

Recently, mobility support has become an important requirement in various Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Low-power and Lossy Networks (LLNs) are a special type of WSNs that tolerate a certain degree of packet loss. However, due to the strict resource constraints in the computation, energy, and memory of LLNs, most routing protocols only support static network topologies. Data collection and data dissemination are two basic traffic modes in LLNs. Unlike data collection, data dissemination is less investigated in LLNs. There are two sorts of data-dissemination methods: point-to-multipoint and point-to-point. In this paper, we focus on the point-to-point method, which requires the source node to build routes to reach the destination node. We propose an adaptive routing protocol that integrates together point-to-point traffic and data-collection traffic, and supports highly mobile scenarios. This protocol quickly reacts to the movement of nodes to make faster decisions for the next-hop selection in data collection and dynamically build routes for point-to-point traffic. Results obtained through simulation show that our work outperforms two generic ad hoc routing protocols AODV and flooding on different performance metrics. Results also show the efficiency of our work in highly mobile scenarios with multiple traffic patterns.
CMOS Junctionless Field-Effect Transistors Manufacturing Cost Evaluation (2012)

Junctionless field-effect transistors (JL-FETs) contain no doping gradients, so they are thought to be simpler to process and less costly to manufacture than fin field-effect transistors (FinFETs). To check this assertion, process flows for CMOS JL-FETs on 300 mm SOI and bulk silicon substrates with 22 nm gate length are developed, and the manufacturing costs are calculated using a cost-of-ownership based approach. It has been determined that for a given substrate, the cost of the given JL-FET process flows is comparable with FinFET processing with less than 2% cost difference, while JL-FET processing on SOI costs are greater than 10% on bulk silicon. The largest component of process cost is due to photolithography.
On-line collaborative software development via wiki (2007)

Wiki is a collaborative authoring system for collective intelligence which is quickly gaining popularity in content publication. In software development communities, especially open source and global software development teams, wiki is already widely used for documentation and coordination purpose but not programming purpose. This paper presents a new programming approach based on wiki technology by which developers are able to experience writing wiki page is wring source code. Moreover, developers are able to compile, execute and debug programs in wiki pages too. A prototype of such on-line collaborative software development environment, Galaxy Wiki, is developed in this environment iteratively in order to prove the concept.
Oxytocin and oxytocin‐analogue F314 inhibit cell proliferation and tumor growth of rat and mouse mammary carcinomas (1996)

The effects of oxytocin (OT) and the OT-analogue F314 were investigated an xenografts of mouse mammary and colon carcinomas (TS/A and C26 tumors) and of rat mammary carcinoma (D-R3230AC). In all cases, proliferation was previously assessed by cell counting in cultured cell lines, whereas tumor growth was checked by serial measures of tumor volume and by evaluation of tumor weight at the end of the experiment. Both cell proliferation and tumor growth were inhibited by OT and F314. These data support previous observations on the inhibitory effect of OT and F314 on the growth of MCF7, T47D and MDA-MB231 human breast cancer cell lines and open new prospects for testing the effect of this hypothalamic hormone and its analogues on the control of breast carcinoma growth.
Mechanical properties of iron-nickel metal injection moulded (MIM) parts (1992)

We report the use of new apparatus for the direct determination of the activities of components in minerals and melts by the measurement of their intrinsic vapour pressures at high temperatures using a Knudsen-cell mass spectrometer combination. The activity coefficients of Fe, Ni and Co have been determined using this technique in binary and ternary Fe-Co-Ni alloys over the temperature range 1200–1650°C. The results show negative deviations from ideality in the Fe-Ni system and both positive and negative deviations in Fe-Co. Activity coefficients determined in the ternary system were used to calculate the compositions of Fe-Ni-Co alloys in equilibrium with a gas of chondritic composition and the results are consistent with the compositions of metallic particles in Ca, Al rich inclusions in chondritic meteorites.
Does the Alaska Constitution Provide Broader Protection for Taking or Damage of Property - An Analysis (2011)

Mahon and Penn CentralAt the beginning of the twentieth century, the U.S. Supreme Court interpreted the Takings Clause as referring to condemnation actions, and in the absence of formal condemnation, only those governmental actions that resulted in physical invasion to real property.Thus, exercise of the police power to protect public health, safety, and welfare did not result in a taking where due process concerns were satisfied. 8 The U.S. Supreme Court first concluded that regulatory interference with private property could result in a taking in Pennsylvania Coal Co. v. Mahon. 9Writing for the Court, Justice Holmes declared that "while property may be regulated to a certain extent, if regulation goes too far it will be recognized as a taking." 10 In Mahon, Pennsylvania legislation protected surface structures from subsidence due to underground coal mining. 1 Reasoning the legislation "purports to abolish what is recognized in Pennsylvania as an estate in land-a very valuable 2011]
Effect of Weight Loss in Obese Dogs on Indicators of Renal Function or Disease (2012)

These results suggest possible subclinical alterations in renal function in canine obesity, which improve with weight loss. Further work is required to determine the nature of these alterations and, most notably, the reason for the association between before loss plasma clusterin and subsequent lean tissue loss during weight management.
Performance of Selected Coded Direct-Sequence Receiver Structures in Pulsed Interference (1985)

We consider the performance of short constraint-length convolutional codes in conjunction with coherent BPSK direct-sequence spread-spectrum modulation in a variety of pulsed interference scenarios. We explore the use of several types of imperfect interference estimation mechanisms and the resulting impact on Viterbi decoder bit error probability performance. Our digital receiver structures eliminate the need for a fast-acting analog AGC circuit which is often susceptable to spoofing. For the short constraint-length codes under consideration, we provide upper bounds on bit error probability performance under idealized channel modeling assumptions. Departures from these idealized assumptions are analyzed through extensive Monte-Carlo computer simulation.
Dominance as a New Trusted Computing Primitive for the Internet of Things (2019)

The Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly emerging as one of the dominant computing paradigms of this decade. Applications range from in-home entertainment to large-scale industrial deployments such as controlling assembly lines and monitoring traffic. While IoT devices are in many respects similar to traditional computers, user expectations and deployment scenarios as well as cost and hardware constraints are sufficiently different to create new security challenges as well as new opportunities. This is especially true for large-scale IoT deployments in which a central entity deploys and controls a large number of IoT devices with minimal human interaction. Like traditional computers, IoT devices are subject to attack and compromise. Large IoT deployments consisting of many nearly identical devices are especially attractive targets. At the same time, recovery from root compromise by conventional means becomes costly and slow, even more so if the devices are dispersed over a large geographical area. In the worst case, technicians have to travel to all devices and manually recover them. Data center solutions such as the Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI) which rely on separate service processors and network connections are not only not supported by existing IoT hardware, but are unlikely to be in the foreseeable future due to the cost constraints of mainstream IoT devices. This paper presents Cider, a system that can recover IoT devices within a short amount of time, even if attackers have taken root control of every device in a large deployment. The recovery requires minimal manual intervention. After the administrator has identified the compromise and produced an updated firmware image, he/she can instruct Cider to force the devices to reset and to install the patched firmware on the devices. We demonstrate the universality and practicality of Cider by implementing it on three popular IoT platforms (HummingBoard Edge, Raspberry Pi Compute Module 3 and Nucleo-L476RG) spanning the range from high to low end. Our evaluation shows that the performance overhead of Cider is generally negligible.
The density of small tight junction pores varies among cell types and is increased by expression of claudin-2 (2008)

Epithelial tight junctions contain size- and charge-selective pores that control the paracellular movement of charged and noncharged solutes. Claudins influence the charge selectivity and electrical resistance of junctions, but there is no direct evidence describing pore composition or whether pore size or density differs among cell types. To characterize paracellular pores independent of influences from charge selectivity, we profiled the ;apparent permeabilities' (P(app)) of a continuous series of noncharged polyethylene glycols (PEGs) across monolayers of five different epithelial cell lines and porcine ileum. We also characterized P(app) of high and low electrical resistance MDCK cell monolayers expressing heterologous claudins. P(app) profiling confirms that the paracellular barrier to noncharged solutes can be modeled as two distinct pathways: high-capacity small pores and a size-independent pathway allowing flux of larger solutes. All cell lines and ileum share a pore aperture of radius 4 A. Using P(app) of a PEG of radius 3.5 A to report the relative pore number provides the novel insight that pore density along the junction varies among cell types and is not necessarily related to electrical resistance. Expression of claudin-2 results in a selective increase in pore number but not size and has no effect on the permeability of PEGs that are larger than the pores; however, neither knockdown of claudin-2 nor overexpression of several other claudins altered either the number of small pores or their size. We speculate that permeability of all small solutes is proportional to pore number but that small electrolytes are subject to further selectivity by the profile of claudins expressed, explaining the dissociation between the P(app) for noncharged solutes and electrical resistance. Although claudins are likely to be components of the small pores, other factors might regulate pore number.
Capacitance, dc Voltage Utilizaton, and Current Stress: Comparison of Double-Line Frequency Ripple Power Decoupling for Single-Phase Systems (2017)

Double-line frequency ripple power is inherent in single-phase rectifiers and inverters, and, if not managed properly, it can be adverse to system performance at both the ac and dc sides. Therefore, numerous active power-decoupling techniques have been introduced to decouple the double-line frequency ripple power. However, no comprehensive comparisons are available on the permitted minimum capacitance for power decoupling, dc voltage utilization, current stress, modulation complexity, and even application evaluations, except for power rating and component counts. All of these aspects are critical when choosing appropriate power-decoupling techniques for different applications. In this article, the minimum capacitance to decouple the ripple power and the current stress of power devices in the main circuit are derived in light of different voltages across energy storage capacitors. By considering the ripple power paths, we investigate the dc voltage utilization of both the main circuit and power-decoupling circuit. Combined with other features, including component counts and modulation complexity, the overall characteristics of different power-decoupling techniques are compared and summarized to effectively evaluate their performance in different applications.
An equation to calculate internuclear distances of covalent, ionic and metallic lattices (2014)

This paper briefly describes the many different sets of ionic and covalent radii available. A simple model of ionic and covalent bonding is proposed and an equation to calculate internuclear distances of covalent, ionic and metallic lattices is described. Derivation of covalent radii and the use of a proposed model of metallic structure and bonding to derive ionic radii are discussed. A brief summary of the development of the simple equation for calculating internuclear distances of ionic compounds is provided. Values of internuclear distances calculated from the derived radii are compared to observed values and give good agreement, showing strong evidence that ionic and covalent radii are not additive and electronegativity influences bonding and internuclear distances. Ionic radii derived from the proposed model are applied to calculate lattice energies which agree well with literature values/values calculated by the Born Haber cycle. Work functions of transition metals are shown to be simple inverse functions of the derived radii. Internuclear distances of inter-metallic compounds are calculated and compared with observed values to show good agreement. This work shows that the proposed model of metallic structure complements the band theory and expressions introduced in this work can be used to predict ionic and covalent bond lengths (in different environments) that have not yet been determined as well as being a method for resolving bond type.
Artificial Intelligence in Sports Prediction (2008)

This paper presents an extension of earlier work in the use of artificial intelligence for prediction of sporting outcomes. An expanded model is described, as well as a broadening of the area of application of the original work. The model used is a form of multi-layer perceptron and it is presented with a number of features which attempt to capture the quality of various sporting teams. The system performs well and compares favourably with human tipsters in several environments. A study of less rigid "World Cup" formats appears, along with extensive live testing results in a major international tipping competition.
Intelligent Inspection System Based on Infrared Vision for Automated Fiber Placement (2018)

This paper proposes an intelligent inspection system based on infrared vision for Automated Fiber Placement. It can improve composite materials production quality and production efficiency, shorten process design time, and reduce material waste. The system can realize the defect recognition and defect measurement, which can be used in intelligent decision-making, optimization of multi-parameters and quality traceability. Experiments are conducted to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the presented system.
Sensor-Based Activity Recognition (2012)

Research on sensor-based activity recognition has, recently, made significant progress and is attracting growing attention in a number of disciplines and application domains. However, there is a lack of high-level overview on this topic that can inform related communities of the research state of the art. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey to examine the development and current status of various aspects of sensor-based activity recognition. We first discuss the general rationale and distinctions of vision-based and sensor-based activity recognition. Then, we review the major approaches and methods associated with sensor-based activity monitoring, modeling, and recognition from which strengths and weaknesses of those approaches are highlighted. We make a primary distinction in this paper between data-driven and knowledge-driven approaches, and use this distinction to structure our survey. We also discuss some promising directions for future research.
Reliability-Based Iterative Decoding of LDPC Codes Using Likelihood Accumulation (2007)

In this work, we present an improvement on low complexity serial concatenation of belief propagation (BP) - order statistic decoding (OSD) algorithm for low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. We introduce a more reliable method to reconstruct ordered information sequence in terms of the accumulated log-likelihood ratio (LLR) transitions of variable nodes. We give a general expression for both the existing BP-OSD algorithm and our proposed new method according to a structure similar to an infinite impulse response (IIR) filter. This improved algorithm achieves noticeable performance gains with only modest increase in computation complexity.
Recessively inherited, late onset spondylar dysplasia and peripheral corneal opacity with anomalies in urinary mucopolysaccharides: A possible error of chondroitin‐6‐sulfate synthesis (1978)

Two male and two female sibs with an unusual form of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia were reported. The main clinical features were low stature, moderate shortness of trunk and neck, abnormal span: height ratio, low-normal UBS: LBS ratio, and peripheral corneal punctate opacities only seen by the slitlamp. Normal mental status was present. Typical metachromatic granules were not seen either in bone-marrow cells or in peripheral blood cells. The X-ray picture showed spondylar and pelvic dysplasia. Qualitative rather than quantitative anomalies were shown in the urinary mucopolysaccharides, mostly involving chondroitin-6-sulfate. The genetic data are consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance.
The role and therapeutic potential of monocytic cells in Alzheimer's disease (2010)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a dementing neurodegenerative disorder without a cure. The abnormal parenchymal accumulation of beta-amyloid (Abeta) is associated with inflammatory reactions involving microglia and astrocytes. Increased levels of Abeta and Abeta deposition in the brain are thought to cause neuronal dysfunction and underlie dementia. Microglia, the brain resident cells of monocytic origin, have a potential ability to phagocytose Abeta but they also react to Abeta by increased production of proinflammatory toxic agents. Microglia originate from hemangioblastic mesoderm during early embryonic stages and from bone marrow (BM)-derived monocytic cells that home the brain throughout the neonatal stage of development. Recent studies indicate that BM or blood-derived monocytes are recruited to the diseased AD brain, associate with the Abeta depositions, and are more efficient phagocytes of Abeta compared with resident microglia. The clearance of Abeta deposition by these cells has been recently under intensive investigation and can occur through several different mechanisms. Importantly, peripheral monocytic cells of patients with AD appear to be deficient in clearing Abeta. This review will summarize the findings on the role of blood-derived cells in AD and discuss their therapeutic potential for treating patients suffering from this devastating disease.
INPRO_iSS: A Component for Just-In-Time Incremental Speech Synthesis (2012)

Baumann T, Schlangen D. INPRO_iSS: A Component for Just-In-Time Incremental Speech Synthesis. In: <em>Proceedings of the ACL 2012 System Demonstrations</em>. ACL; 2012: 103-108.
Relationship between the atomic pair distribution function and small-angle scattering: implications for modeling of nanoparticles (2009)

The relationship between the equations used in the atomic pair distribution function (PDF) method and those commonly used in small-angle-scattering (SAS) analyses is explicitly shown. The origin of the sloping baseline, -4pirrho0, in PDFs of bulk materials is identified as originating from the SAS intensity that is neglected in PDF measurements. The nonlinear baseline in nanoparticles has the same origin, and contains information about the shape and size of the nanoparticles.
Band gap renormalization and Burstein-Moss effect in silicon- and germanium-doped wurtzite GaN up to<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mn>10</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mn>20</mml:mn></mml:msup><mml:mi> </mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">cm</mml:mi><mml:msup><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:math> (2014)

The interplay between band gap renormalization and band filling (Burstein-Moss effect) in n-type wurtzite GaN is investigated. For a wide range of electron concentrations up to $1.6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{20}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ spectroscopic ellipsometry and photoluminescence were used to determine the dependence of the band gap energy and the Fermi edge on electron density. The band gap renormalization is the dominating effect up to an electron density of about $9\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{18}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$; at higher values the Burstein-Moss effect is stronger. Exciton screening, the Mott transition, and formation of Mahan excitons are discussed. A quantitative understanding of the near gap transition energies on electron density is obtained. Higher energy features in the dielectric functions up to $10\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$ are not influenced by band gap renormalization.
Tunable drug release profiles from salicylate-based poly(anhydride-ester) matrices using small molecule admixtures (2012)

Poly(anhydride-esters) with salicylic acid, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, chemically incorporated into the polymer backbone provide high inherent drug loading. These poly(anhydride-esters) hydrolytically degrade to release salicylic acid over extended time periods (>30 days); however, an initial lag period of no salicylic acid release is observed. This lag period could be unfavorable in applications where immediate salicylic acid release is desired. Poly(anhydride-esters) with short (2 days) and long (11 days) lag periods were admixed with various small molecules as a means to shorten or eliminate the lag period. Salicylic acid, larger salicylic acid prodrugs, and 1:1 combinations of the two were physically admixed, each at 1%, 5%, and 10% (w/w). All admixtures resulted in immediate salicylic acid release and a decrease in glass transition temperatures compared to polymer alone. By varying the amounts of salicylic acid and salicylic acid prodrugs incorporated into the polymer matrix, immediate and constant salicylic acid release profiles over varied time periods were achieved.
Medical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2nd edition (2005)

This book covers the whole gamut of pharmacology from basic science pharmacology and pathophysiology, through clinical pharmacology to therapeutics. This integrative approach is in line with the new medical curricula. The first section covers the basic principles, followed by the bulk of the book organised by body systems. The book ends with sections on toxicity and prescribing practice. Each chapter ends with case histories, multiple choice questions and a tabular presentation of all common drugs within a particular class.<br/>The level of detail closely matches the needs of medical students and the current medical curriculum.