gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A high-speed key management method for quantum key distribution network (2019)

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a technique for sharing encryption keys between two adjacent nodes. It provides unconditional secure communication based on the laws of physics. From the viewpoint of network research, QKD is considered to be a component for providing secure communication in network systems. A QKD network enables each node to exchange encryption keys with arbitrary nodes. However previous research did not focus on the processing speed of the key management method essential for a QKD network. This paper focuses on the key management method assuming a high-speed QKD system for which we clarify the design, propose a high-speed method, and evaluate the throughput. The proposed method consists of four modules: (1) local key manager handling the keys generated by QKD, (2) one-time pad tunnel manager establishing the transparent encryption link, (3) global key manager generating the keys for application communication, and (4) web API providing keys to the application. The proposed method was implemented in software and evaluated by emulating QKD key generation and application key consumption. The evaluation result reveals that it is capable of handling the encryption keys at a speed of 414 Mb/s, 185 Mb/s, 85 Mb/s and 971 Mb/s, for local key manager, one-time pad tunnel manager, global key manager and web API, respectively. These are sufficient for integration with a high-speed QKD system. Furthermore, the method allows the high-speed QKD system consisting of two nodes to expand corresponding to the size of the QKD network without losing the speed advantage.
Cytosine modules in quadruple hydrogen bonded arrays (2010)

Cytosine modules have been investigated for applications in supramolecular quadruple hydrogen bonded arrays. Notably, the importance of the C-5–H in the formation of unfolded and folded arrays by substitution to C-5–F was established. In addition, the incorporation of different alkyl chain lengths at N-1 and N-9 indicated that longer alkyl chains give rise to more of the unfolded rotamer, with the chain length and degree of unsaturation at N-1 having the major effect. Methyl cytosine modules were also able to readily form hetero-associated Upy–UCyt dimers as efficiently as the hexyl cytosine modules and a polyadipate telechelic polymer was used to prepare cytosine polymers.
Nonradiative recombination centers and electrical aging of organic light-emitting diodes: Direct connection between accumulation of trapped charge and luminance loss (2003)

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are attractive for display applications because of their high brightness, low driving voltage, and tunable color. Their operating lifetimes, hundreds or thousands of hours, are sufficient for only a limited range of applications. The luminance efficiency decreases gradually as the device is operated (electrically aged), for reasons that are poorly understood. A prototypical OLED has the structure anode|HTL|ETL|cathode, where the HTL and ETL are hole- and electron-transporting layers, and the recombination and emission occur at or near the HTL|ETL interface. We find that the decreasing luminance efficiency is linearly correlated with an accumulation of immobile positive charge at the HTL|ETL interface, and the magnitude of the charge is comparable to the total charge at that interface when an unaged device is operated. A natural explanation of the connection between the two phenomena is that electrical aging either generates hole traps (and trapped holes) or drives metal ions into the device, and that either species act as nonradiative recombination centers. To estimate the accumulating immobile charge and determine its location, we use a variant of a recently introduced capacitance versus voltage technique. In the prototypical OLEDs described here, the HTL is a ca. 1000 Å layer of NPB, and the ETL is a 300−1800 Å layer of Alq3. A device with an additional “emission layer” (EML) of an anthracene derivative between the HTL and ETL, in which the electroluminescence spectrum is characteristic of the EML, behaved similarly. We surmise that the phenomena reported here may be common to a wider variety of OLED structures and compositions.
Targeting the Plasmodium vivax equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (PvENT1) for antimalarial drug development (2015)

Infection with Plasmodium falciparum and vivax cause most cases of malaria. Emerging resistance to current antimalarial medications makes new drug development imperative. Ideally a new antimalarial drug should treat both falciparum and vivax malaria. Because malaria parasites are purine auxotrophic, they rely on purines imported from the host erythrocyte via Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporters (ENTs). Thus, the purine import transporters represent a potential target for antimalarial drug development. For falciparum parasites the primary purine transporter is the P. falciparum Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter Type 1 (PfENT1). Recently we identified potent PfENT1 inhibitors with nanomolar IC50 values using a robust, yeast-based high throughput screening assay. In the current work we characterized the Plasmodium vivax ENT1 (PvENT1) homologue and its sensitivity to the PfENT1 inhibitors. We expressed a yeast codon-optimized PvENT1 gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PvENT1-expressing yeast imported both purines ([(3)H]adenosine) and pyrimidines ([(3)H]uridine), whereas wild type (fui1Δ) yeast did not. Based on radiolabel substrate uptake inhibition experiments, inosine had the lowest IC50 (3.8 μM), compared to guanosine (14.9 μM) and adenosine (142 μM). For pyrimidines, thymidine had an IC50 of 183 μM (vs. cytidine and uridine; mM range). IC50 values were higher for nucleobases compared to the corresponding nucleosides; hypoxanthine had a 25-fold higher IC50 than inosine. The archetypal human ENT1 inhibitor 4-nitrobenzylthioinosine (NBMPR) had no effect on PvENT1, whereas dipyridamole inhibited PvENT1, albeit with a 40 μM IC50, a 1000-fold less sensitive than human ENT1 (hENT1). The PfENT1 inhibitors blocked transport activity of PvENT1 and the five known naturally occurring non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with similar IC50 values. Thus, the PfENT1 inhibitors also target PvENT1. This implies that development of novel antimalarial drugs that target both falciparum and vivax ENT1 may be feasible.
Moxonidine, a Mixed a<sub>2</sub>‐Adrenergic and Imidazoline Receptor Agonist, Identifies a Novel Adrenergic Target for Spinal Analgesia (2003)

Moxonidine is a mixed alpha(2)-adrenergic and imidazoline receptor agonist with an improved side effect profile compared to clonidine. Intrathecal (i.t.) moxonidine has been found to possess analgesic activity that, in contrast to the majority of alpha(2)-adrenoceptor (alpha(2)AR) agonists, does not require activation of the alpha(2A)AR subtype, which mediates many of the side effects associated with alpha(2)AR use. In addition, moxonidine (i.t.) interacts in a synergistic manner with opioid agonists and this synergy is retained in neuropathic pain states. Moxonidine may therefore be clinically useful in the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain, either alone or as a coadjuvant with opioids.
Diagnosing multiple persistent and intermittent faults (2009)

Almost all approaches to model-based diagnosis presume that the system being diagnosed behaves non-intermittently and analyze behavior over a small number (often only one) of time instants. In this paper we show how existing approaches to model-based diagnosis can be extended to diagnose intermittent failures as they manifest themselves over time. In addition, we show where to insert probe points to best distinguish among the intermittent faults those that best explain the symptoms and isolate the fault in minimum expected cost. 1
Digital integral cloaking (2016)

We propose `digital cloaking' as a method for practical cloaking, where space, angle, spectrum, and phase are discretized. At the sacrifice of spatial resolution, a good approximation to an `ideal' cloak can be achieved- a cloak that is omnidirectional, broadband, operational for the visible spectrum, three- dimensional (3D), and phase-matching for the light field, among other attributes. Experimentally, we demonstrate a two-dimensional (2D), planar, ray optics version of our proposed digital cloak by using lenticular lenses, similar to `integral imaging' for 3D displays. With the continuing improvement in commercial digital technology, the resolution limitations of a digital cloak will be minimized, and a wearable cloak can be developed in the future.
Ternary encoded super-selective arterial spin labeling for time-resolved flow territory mapping (2020)

Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a non-contrast enhanced method for perfusion measurements. The obtained information is in general a snap-shot of the whole-brain perfusion. Image acquisition is performed after a certain delay time after the labeling of the arterial blood. Time-resolved information alongside flow territory mapping of individual arteries can become useful for the collection of important information such as arterial crossflow, and revascularization. Therefore, a method is presented that combines time-resolved flow territory mapping within a single scan based on encoding of the acquisition cycle using a ternary matrix approach. The super-selective tagging process is divided in individual blocks following a ternary matrix encoding scheme. In each block, the position of the labeling focus changes its position to each of the major brain feeding arteries. Contrary to conventional ASL approaches, no control condition is acquired and the individual flow territories are calculated by combining the label images only. The method was successfully evaluated in healthy volunteers. Each flow territory could be visualized over several post labeling delays within a single scan of approximately five minutes. Comparison of signal intensity (relative perfusion) did not show statistically significant differences between the methods. Encoding super-selective ASL using a ternary matrix allows for the vessel-selective and time-resolved acquisition of perfusion territories within a single scan.
Protecting Remote Component Authentication (2011)

Component authentication allows verifying the genuineness of various components being part of a machine or a system or connected to control equipment. Various technologies are used, ranging from holograms, hidden marks, special inks to cryptography-based component authentication. Typical cryptography-based mechanisms employ a challenge- response-based component authentication mechanism. These mechanisms have been designed originally for a local verification, i.e., for an authenticatio n performed in direct vicinity of the product to be verified. This paper describes an attack on challenge-res ponse component authentication when supporting a remote component authentication and describes a new security measure to prevent this attack. Keywords-device authentication, counterfeiting, tunneled authentication
PSA performance of densely packed adsorbent beds (1995)

Abstract The separation of air by pressure swing adsorption is improved by filling the interparticle voids in kineticaly selective adsorbent beds with fine particles of the adsorbent or inert material. He ratio of the average diameter of the coarse adsorbent particles to the average diameter of the fine particles, the size of the fine particles themselves, and the percent of volume of the fine particles in the bed are all critical to optimum PA performance.
T-Cell-Mediated Immunity and Immunotherapy of Chronic Hepatitis C (2009)

Key Principles Numerous reports suggest that viral replication, the level of viremia, and progression to the chronic state in hepatitis C-infected individuals are influenced directly and indirectly by HCV-specific cellular immunity mediated by CD4+ helper (Th) and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). A method to increase the ability of dendritic cells to adequately present antigens should lead to an improved T-cell-mediated cellular response. More recently, it has been recognized that in addition to the immunoregulation afforded by differences in the balance between Th1 vs. Th2 cells, some T cells can also exhibit distinct inhibitory properties and directly prevent the activation, proliferation, and function of helper and cytotoxic effector T cells. As described above, successful control of HCV is associated with strong and broadly directed HCV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses, while chronic HCV infection is characterized by attenuated and functionally impaired T-cells. Therefore, an immunotherapeutic approach that stimulates potent cellular immunity against one or more HCV antigens could be beneficial in chronic HCV disease. In addition to being able to interact directly with dendritic cells, yeast have a variety of other characteristics that make them an ideal platform for immunotherapy. The proposed action of an immunotherapy, for example, a yeast-based Tarmogen engineered to induce adaptive cellular immune responses to multiple HCV antigens (GI-5005) (61) would favor hepatic clearance (the rate-limiting portion of the viral dynamics profile) and should complement the direct antiviral effects of IFN-based therapy.
Addressing limitations of photoluminescence based external quantum efficiency measurements (2018)

The spectral response of photoluminescence is a contactless method that provides a measurement of the relative external quantum efficiency of silicon solar cells and wafers. This method is accurate only if the measured luminescence originates from the radiative recombination of voltage dependent carriers. This paper investigates the impact of luminescence from voltage independent carriers in heavily diffused regions and other spurious sources of luminescence, such as luminescence from dielectric layers. A method, based on partial shading, is then demonstrated to record luminescence from only the voltage dependent carriers. This method is shown to provide accurate relative external quantum efficiency on cells and partially processed wafers. The relevance of the dependence of the measured data on the angular distribution of the incident light is demonstrated in this context, which explains errors in previously published data.
Grating-based, Two-mode Elliptical-core Optical Fiber Sensors (1992)

Since the discovery of photo-induced gratings in germania-doped, single-mode fibers by Hill and coworkers in 1978, several extensions and applications of this phenomenon have been presented.1-3 Permanent index gratings in two-mode, elliptical-core (e-core) optical fibers have been demonstrated, and their use in intermodal switching and chirped filters for dispersion compensation have been proposed.4-6 We present here the effects of writing two-mode gratings in fibers and discuss their sensing implications. The effect of permanent-index gratings on the differential-phase modulation between the LP01 and LP11even modes in two-mode fibers is analyzed in detail and the use of these grating-based sensors for weighted-sensing applications is proposed. Our results show that strained fibers exposed to high-power writing beams from an argon-ion laser could be used as sensing elements with varying beat-lengths and hence, varying sensitivities.
Comparison of wavelet selection and band‐pass filtering for noise removal for seismic data processing (2008)

Using the multi‐wavelet seismic trace decomposition and reconstruction method, a seismic data trace can be decomposed into a set of wavelets of different dominant frequencies and amplitudes. The seismic data trace can then be reconstructed accurately with all the wavelets in the set and a new seismic data trace can be reconstructed by a subset of the wavelets. By properly selecting the subset, some wavelets of noises can be excluded and the new reconstructed seismic trace will have less noise than the original trace while it maintains the signals in the original trace. In comparison using a synthetic trace and a real shot gather seismic data, the wavelet selection approach shows some advantages over the conventional band‐pass filtering.
Separation of Hexane Isomers in a Metal-Organic Framework with Triangular Channels (2013)

Metal-organic frameworks can offer pore geometries that are not available in zeolites or other porous media, facilitating distinct types of shape-based molecular separations. Here, we report Fe2(BDP)3 (BDP(2-) = 1,4-benzenedipyrazolate), a highly stable framework with triangular channels that effect the separation of hexane isomers according to the degree of branching. Consistent with the varying abilities of the isomers to wedge along the triangular corners of the structure, adsorption isotherms and calculated isosteric heats indicate an adsorption selectivity order of n-hexane > 2-methylpentane > 3-methylpentane > 2,3-dimethylbutane ≈ 2,2-dimethylbutane. A breakthrough experiment performed at 160°C with an equimolar mixture of all five molecules confirms that the dibranched isomers elute first from a bed packed with Fe2(BDP)3, followed by the monobranched isomers and finally linear n-hexane. Configurational-bias Monte Carlo simulations confirm the origins of the molecular separation.
AR-mentor: Augmented reality based mentoring system (2014)

AR-Mentor is a wearable real time Augmented Reality (AR) mentoring system that is configured to assist in maintenance and repair tasks of complex machinery, such as vehicles, appliances, and industrial machinery. The system combines a wearable Optical-See-Through (OST) display device with high precision 6-Degree-Of-Freedom (DOF) pose tracking and a virtual personal assistant (VPA) with natural language, verbal conversational interaction, providing guidance to the user in the form of visual, audio and locational cues. The system is designed to be heads-up and hands-free allowing the user to freely move about the maintenance or training environment and receive globally aligned and context aware visual and audio instructions (animations, symbolic icons, text, multimedia content, speech). The user can interact with the system, ask questions and get clarifications and specific guidance for the task at hand. A pilot application with AR-Mentor was successfully built to instruct a novice to perform an advanced 33-step maintenance task on a training vehicle. The initial live training tests demonstrate that AR-Mentor is able to help and serve as an assistant to an instructor, freeing him/her to cover more students and to focus on higher-order teaching.
Streaming of Solid Models Using Cellular Topology (2003)

Progressive mesh representation and generation have become one of the most important issues in network-based computer graphics. However, current researches are mostly focused on triangular mesh models. On the other hand, solid models are widely used in industry and are applied to advanced applications such as product design and virtual assembly. Moreover, as the demand to share and transmit these solid models over the network is emerging, the generation and the transmission of progressive solid models depending on specific engineering needs and purpose are essential. In this paper, we present a Cellular Topology-based approach to generating and transmitting progressive solid models from a feature-based solid model for internet-based design and collaboration. The proposed approach introduces a new scheme for storing and transmitting solid models over the network. The Cellular Topology (CT) approach makes it possible to effectively generate progressive solid models and to efficiently transmit the models over the network with compact model size.
An Efficient and Low‐Cost Method for the Purification of Colloidal Nanoparticles (2011)

What a clean-up! A scalable method for the purification of nanoparticles in nonaqueous media has been developed that is based on reversible electrophoretic deposition (see picture). In this electropurification process, nanoparticles of varying size, shape, composition, and ligand environment can be electrodeposited onto an electrode surface, washed, and subsequently redispersed in as little as two minutes. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
SAO: A Stream Index for Answering Linear Optimization Queries (2007)

Linear optimization queries retrieve the top-K tuples in a sliding window of a data stream that maximize/minimize the linearly weighted sums of certain attribute values. To efficiently answer such queries against a large relation, an onion index was previously proposed to properly organize all the tuples in the relation. However, such an onion index does not work in a streaming environment due to fast tuple arrival rate and limited memory. In this paper, we propose a SAO index to approximately answer arbitrary linear optimization queries against a data stream. It uses a small amount of memory to efficiently keep track of the most "important" tuples in a sliding window of a data stream. The index maintenance cost is small because the great majority of the incoming tuples do not cause any changes to the index and are quickly discarded. At any time, for any linear optimization query, we can retrieve from the SAO index the approximate top-K tuples in the sliding window almost instantly. The larger the amount of available memory, the better the quality of the answers is. More importantly, for a given amount of memory, the quality of the answers can be further improved by dynamically allocating a larger portion of the memory to the outer layers of the SAO index. We evaluate the effectiveness of this SAO index through a prototype implementation.
Light sensor calibration and dimming sequence design in distributed lighting control systems (2014)

We consider distributed lighting control systems consisting of multiple asynchronous feedback controllers that adapt dimming of intelligent light source based on occupancy and illuminance value as measured by co-located occupancy and light sensors respectively. In an initial calibration step, the set-point at the light sensor for every controller is determined. Changes in reflectance due to factors like changes in occupancy and object characteristics modify the set-point, thus adversely affecting the illumination distribution from the lighting system. We propose a method for sensor set-point calibration and tracking and an associated lighting control algorithm. Initial calibration of set-points is achieved distributedly with light sources dimming according to a proposed sequence. We show that the proposed methods improve the illumination performance of the lighting system in event of reflectance changes.