gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A study of a higher order FM mode‐locking laser with double phase modulators (2003)

Abstract Generating high‐repetition‐rate short pulses from higher order FM mode‐locked lasers requires many sidebands. However, in reality, the physical limit of modulators makes it impossible to increase the modulation index. This paper proposes a novel higher order FM mode‐locked laser that has two PM‐I‐FP sets (phase modulator, isolator, and Fabry‐Perot filter) and presents an analysis of its performance. The laser uses a new technique that makes the value of the synthesized transfer function of a PM‐I‐FP equal in both the 0 and π phase states. This technique improves the frequency characteristics of the modulator substantially. As a result, the maximum repetition rate is doubled, and the laser also generates a chirp‐free and narrower pulse train with uniform amplitude and pulse width. We also propose a system that has only one PM‐I‐FP. This eliminates problems that arise due to differences in the PM‐I‐FP characteristics when two PM‐I‐FP sets are used. The same effects as mentioned above are achieved. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 86(3): 1–10, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience. wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/ecjb.10083
En musikvideo er ikke bare en musikvideo (1987)

Mange unge er storkonsumenter af levende billeder. Hvad får de ud af de  mange billeder? F. eks. af musikvideoerne? Hvordan får man struktureret  et undervisningsforløb i denne nye genre? Og hvordan får man relateret  musikvideoerne historisk og æstetisk? Det giver Karin Jacobsen sit bud på.
Layered switching for networks on chip (2007)

We present and evaluate a novel switching mechanism called layered switching. Conceptually, the layered switching implements wormhole on top of virtual cut-through switching. To show the feasibility of layered switching, as well as to confirm its advantages, we conducted an RTL implementation study based on a canonical wormhole architecture. Synthesis results show that our strategy suggests negligible degradation in hardware speed (1%) and area overhead (7%). Simulation results demonstrate that it achieves higher throughput than wormhole alone while significantly reducing the buffer space required at network nodes when compared with virtual cut-through.
Size and Density Control of Crystalline Ge Islands on Glass Substrates by Oxygen Etching (2004)

We have studied the oxygen etching of Ge islands on glass substrates as a new process of controlling their size and density in a tailored range to form nucleation sites for the growth of polycrystalline thin films. Self-assembled crystalline Ge islands were formed by the solid-phase crystallization (SPC) of amorphous Ge thin films on glass substrates. By annealing the samples under a reduced pressure of oxygen above 350°C, Ge islands were etched to form volatile GeO species (oxygen etching). Single-crystalline Ge islands with good crystallinity and controlled in size and density were fabricated on glass substrates by a simple process combining SPC and oxygen etching.
Comparisons of Halogenated β-Nitrostyrenes as Antimicrobial Agents (2014)

The influence of three types of halogen-substituted E-β-methyl-β-nitrostyrenes (such as Compounds B, D, H) to overcome bacterial activity that is currently a significant health threat was studied. The evaluations of their bio-potency was measured and related to their structure and activity relationships for the purposes of serving to inhibit and overcoming resistant microorganisms. In particular, fluorine-containing β-nitrostyrenes were found to be highly active antimicrobial agents. The addition of the β-bromo group enhanced the antibacterial activity significantly. Our work has illustrated that halogen substituents at both the 4-position in the aromatic ring and also at the β-position on the alkene side chain of nitropropenyl arenes enhanced the antimicrobial activity of these compounds.
Patient acuity rating: Quantifying clinical judgment regarding inpatient stability (2011)

Clinical judgment regarding patient stability can be reliably quantified in a simple score with the potential for efficiently conveying complex assessments of at-risk patients during handoffs between healthcare members.
Low-Power Low-Latency BCH Decoders for Energy-Efficient Optical Interconnects (2017)

Since energy dissipation and latency in optical interconnects are of utmost concern, such links are often operated without forward error correction. We propose a low-complexity noniterative two-error correcting Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) decoder circuit that significantly relaxes the stringent optical modulation amplitude requirements on the transmitter, which help to reduce laser and laser driver energy dissipation. We demonstrate, in a 28-nm CMOS process technology, that the introduction of this BCH circuit in an uncoded link leads to energy-per-bit reductions of 25%, even when the impact of code rate on receiver energy dissipation is considered.
Macrocyclic Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids from Senecio anonymus. Separation of a Complex Alkaloid Extract Using Droplet Counter-Current Chromatography (1988)

Ten 12-membered macrocyclic pyrrolizidine alkaloids, all of them esters of the necines, retronecine or otonecine, have been isolated from Senecio anonymus. The separation, carried out by droplet counter-current chromatography, afforded senecionine [1], integerrimine [2], retrorsine [3], senkirkine [5], neosenkirkine [6], otosenine [10], hydroxysenkirkine [7], and a new alkaloid given the trivial name anonamine [9]. Traces of usaramine [4] and another new alkaloid, hydroxyneosenkirkine [8], were detected by 1H nmr. In addition, the previously unreported 3a beta-hydroxy-4-ethoxy-2,6-perhydroindoledione [11] was isolated. X-ray structures were obtained for neosenkirkine [6], hydroxysenkirkine [7], anonamine [9], and [11]. 1H-13C heteronuclear shift correlated nmr (HETCOR) provided unambiguous chemical shift assignments for 13C-nmr data. Antitumor activity was assayed using the A204-rhabdomyosarcoma cell line in soft agarose.
Management of Endoleaks following Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (2009)

Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) has emerged as a viable alternative to open repair for abdominal aortic aneurysms. Endoleaks are a complication unique to EVAR and can occur in up to 25% of patients. In this article, the management of endoleaks following EVAR will be discussed.
A Novel Self‐Healing Polyurethane Based on Disulfide Bonds (2016)

Polymeric materials with intrinsic self‐healing ability that can restore from mechanical injury autonomously have attracted great research efforts recently. Disulfide bonds, which become dynamic upon exposure to heat, UV light, or redox conditions, can be used to introduce healable properties to polymer network. Shape memory effect is a kind of auxiliary recovery force that can accelerate healing process. In this work, a polyurethane material combines disulfide link and shape memory effect is synthesized. Autonomous healing of a crack takes place upon heating above 80 °C and leads to almost fully recovery of mechanical properties. This healing is achieved by activating shape memory effect and disulfide exchange reaction simultaneously. image
Profile angle control in SiO/sub 2/ deep anisotropic dry etching for MEMS fabrication (2004)

We report a recent breakthrough to control profile angle for SiO/sub 2/ deep anisotropic dry etching (SDADE). Our study reveals that gas residence time is the key parameter to control profile angle. Moreover, we show that it is possible to control profile angle, SiO/sub 2/ etch rate and SiO/sub 2/ selectivity to Si mask independently. Finally, the optimized process has the following performances: angle profile: 89.8/spl deg/, SiO/sub 2/ etch rate: 500 nm/min, selectivity: 18:1.
<b><i>S</i></b><b>-[2-(4-A</b><b>zidosalicylamido)ethylthio</b><b>]-2-</b><b>thiopyridine</b><b>:  </b>Radioiodinatable, Cleavable, Photoactivatible Cross-Linking Agent (1996)

S-[2-(4-Azidosalicylamido)ethylthio]-2-thiopyridine (AET) contains a 2-thiopyridyl moiety, which permits cysteine-specific incorporation into protein through a cleavable disulfide bond, and a 4-azidosalicylamido moiety, which permits radioiodination and photoactivatible cross-linking. In contrast to the related compound S-[2-[N-[4-(4-azidosalicylamido)butyl]carbomoyl]ethylthio]-2 -thiopyridine [APDP; Zecherle, G., Oleinikov, A., and Traut, R. (1992) Biochemistry 31, 9526], AET contains a relatively short linker arm between the 2-thiopyridyl moiety and the 4-azidosalicylamido moiety. In a previous paper, it was shown that AET could be used in site-specific protein-protein photocross-linking to identify nearest-neighbor protein domains within a multiprotein complex [Chen, Y., Ebright, Y., and Ebright, R. (1994) Science 265, 90]. In this paper, the synthesis, radioiodination, and incorporation into protein of AET are described.
Simulation Studies of the Self-Assembly of Cone-Shaped Particles (2007)

We investigate the self-assembly of anisotropic cone-shaped particles decorated by ringlike attractive "patches". In a recent paper, we demonstrated that the self-assembled clusters, which arise due to the conical particle's anisotropic shape combined with directional attractive interactions, are precise for certain cluster sizes, resulting in a precise packing sequence of clusters of increasing sizes with decreasing cone angles (Chen et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2007, 104, 717-722). Here we explore the dependence of cluster packing on the cone angle and cooling rate and discuss the "stability" and "metastability" of the resulting structures as well as polymorphism of non-"magic-number" clusters. We investigate large clusters of cones and discuss the implication of our simulation results in the context of the Israelachvili packing rule for surfactants and a recent geometrical packing analysis on hard cones in the limit of large numbers of cones.
Mercury Toolset for Spatiotemporal Metadata (2010)

Mercury (http://mercury.ornl.gov) is a set of tools for federated harvesting, searching, and retrieving metadata, particularly spatiotemporal metadata. Version 3.0 of the Mercury toolset provides orders of magnitude improvements in search speed, support for additional metadata formats, integration with Google Maps for spatial queries, facetted type search, support for RSS (Really Simple Syndication) delivery of search results, and enhanced customization to meet the needs of the multiple projects that use Mercury. It provides a single portal to very quickly search for data and information contained in disparate data management systems, each of which may use different metadata formats. Mercury harvests metadata and key data from contributing project servers distributed around the world and builds a centralized index. The search interfaces then allow the users to perform a variety of fielded, spatial, and temporal searches across these metadata sources. This centralized repository of metadata with distributed data sources provides extremely fast search results to the user, while allowing data providers to advertise the availability of their data and maintain complete control and ownership of that data. Mercury periodically (typically daily) harvests metadata sources through a collection of interfaces and re-indexes these metadata to provide extremely rapid search capabilities, even over collections with tens of millions of metadata records. A number of both graphical and application interfaces have been constructed within Mercury, to enable both human users and other computer programs to perform queries. Mercury was also designed to support multiple different projects, so that the particular fields that can be queried and used with search filters are easy to configure for each different project.
Resolution and optical sectioning in the confocal microscope (2011)

In this short review, we present a self-contained discussion of the image formation properties of the fluorescent confocal microscope. The optical sectioning or depth discrimination property is discussed in detail and new analytic formulae are presented, which relate the optical sectioning strength to the wavelength, numerical aperture and pinhole aperture size in a particularly simple fashion.
Biogenetic Conversion of Wyerone and Dihydrowyerone into Wyerone Epoxide in <i>Vicia faba</i> Cotyledons and Screening of Antibacterial Activity (2018)

Background . Vicia faba is a plant that belongs to the family Fabaceae. Cotyledons of this plant produce compounds called phytoalexins as a result of fungal and bacterial infection or stress factors. The phytoalexins are furanoacetylenic compounds. They include wyerone, wyerol, wyerone acid, their dihydro derivatives, and wyerone epoxide. These compounds have antimicrobial activities mainly against fungi. Objective . The purpose of this study was to elucidate the biogenetic conversion of wyerone and dihydrowyerone to wyerone epoxide in V. faba and to investigate the antibacterial activities of some of these phytoalexins. Materials and Methods . Seeds of Vicia faba were used. Labelled wyerone and dihydrowyerone were obtained by treating CuCl 2 -induced cotyledons with sodium (2- 14 C) acetate and separated by TLC and HPLC. Labelled wyerone and dihydrowyerone were then applied to induced bean cotyledons to establish any possible interconversion to wyerone epoxide. Antibacterial activity of wyerone, wyerone acid, and wyerone epoxide was investigated by disc diffusion test against a panel of microorganisms. Zones of inhibition were reported. Results . The radiolabeling studies showed that 12.4% of 14 C-wyerone, and 6.01% of 14 C-dihydrowyerone were incorporated into wyerone epoxide. This indicates that wyerone epoxide was most probably derived from wyerone and dihydrowyerone. In addition, a new compound, 11-hydroxywyerone was isolated for the first time. Additionally, this study showed that wyerone, wyerone epoxide, and wyerone acid had no antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria but were active against Gram-positive bacteria.
Tunable photonic crystal fiber coupler based on a side-polishing technique (2004)

A tunable photonic crystal fiber (PCF) coupler, which couples part of the optical power in one PCF with that in another PCF, has been made by side polishing. We fabricated the PCF coupler by mating two side-polished PCFs. We achieved evanescent field coupling between the core modes of the two PCFs by using side polishing to bring the cores close to each other. By adjusting the mating angle between the two side-polished PCFs we obtained as much as 90% tunability in the coupling ratio. The spectrum of the coupling ratio was almost flat, with small ripples, over a 400-nm wavelength range.
A High Quality Draft Consensus Sequence of the Genome of a Heterozygous Grapevine Variety (2007)

Sanger shotgun sequencing and highly efficient sequencing by synthesis (SBS), together with dedicated assembly programs, resolved a complex heterozygous genome. A consensus sequence of the genome and a set of mapped marker loci were generated. Homologous chromosomes of Pinot Noir differ by 11.2% of their DNA (hemizygous DNA plus chromosomal gaps). SNP markers are offered as a tool with the potential of introducing a new era in the molecular breeding of grape.
Development of a Highly Sensitive Genus-Specific Quantitative Reverse Transcriptase Real-Time PCR Assay for Detection and Quantitation of Plasmodium by Amplifying RNA and DNA of the 18S rRNA Genes (2011)

A highly sensitive genus-specific quantitative reverse transcriptase real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay for detection of Plasmodium has been developed. The assay amplifies total nucleic acids (RNA and DNA) of the 18S rRNA genes with a limit of detection of 0.002 parasite/μl using cultured synchronized ring stage 3D7 parasites. Parasite densities as low as 0.000362 parasite/μl were detected when analyzing clinical samples. Analysis of clinical samples showed that detection of 18S rRNA genes from total nucleic acids increased the analytical sensitivity of the assay by more than 1 log unit compared to DNA only. When clinical samples with no parasites present by microscopy were analyzed by qRT-PCR, 90% (117 of 130) were positive for the presence of Plasmodium nucleic acids. Quantification of clinical samples by qRT-PCR using total nucleic acid versus DNA was compared to microscopy. There was a significantly greater correlation of parasite density to microscopy when DNA alone was used than with total nucleic acid. We conclude that analysis of total nucleic acids by qRT-PCR is a suitable assay for detection of low parasite levels in patients with early-stage malaria and/or submicroscopic infections and could greatly benefit malaria diagnosis, intervention trials, and malaria control and elimination efforts.
Ablation of the Thyroid Remnant and I-131 Dose in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Meta-Analysis Revisited (2007)

Post operative ablation of functioning thyroid tissue has become established in the management of differentiated thyroid cancer as the long-term risk of recurrence and death is reduced. This beneficial effect results from the destruction of potentially malignant cells or occult multifocal disease that may occur in up to 30% of patients with papillary tumors 1-4 Furthermore, the specificity of thyroglobulin as a tumor marker is increased and the sensitivity of subsequent whole body scans seems improved because residual thyroid tissue may compete with recurrent or metastatic thyroid cancer cells for radioiodine uptake. 5 Indeed, it has been demonstrated that patients with successful ablation of remnant thyroid tissue have a better prognosis than those with unsuccessful ablation (disease-free survival of 87% versus 49% after 10 years, while thyroid cancer-related survival was 93% versus 78%). This suggests that it is important to achieve complete ablation as soon as possible after diagnosis in order to ensure the best possible prognosis for a patient.
Histomorphometric study of the lower urogenital tract in pre‐ and post‐menopausal women (1990)

In this study 22 histomorphometric parameters were used to quantify the histologic changes in the vagina, trigone of the bladder, and the proximal and distal urethra of 37 women aged between 18 and 82 years. The results of this quantitative study revealed a hormonally induced, age-independent atrophy of smooth muscle in the lamina propria of the mucosa and the longitudinal part of the muscular layer in the aforementioned anatomical sites in post-menopausal women. In the lamina propria of the mucosa of the lower urogenital tract in post-menopausal women hormonally induced quantitative changes of blood vessels were not observed. Senile atrophy of smooth muscles was only observed in the deeper part of the muscular layer of the vagina and the trigone of the urinary bladder and was less prominent than the hormonally induced smooth muscle atrophy.
Cranial burr hole for revascularization in moyamoya disease (1989)

Currently, superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (MCA) anastomosis, encephalomyosynangiosis (EMS), and encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis are used to treat moyamoya disease and are reported to effectively improve ischemic symptoms. All are methods of reversing the flow of blood from the external carotid artery system into the cortical branches of the MCA. As moyamoya disease advances, these operations alone will predictably not correct the deterioration in blood flow in the territory of the anterior cerebral artery. It was noted in a case of moyamoya disease with intraventricular hemorrhage that a burr hole, made in the frontal region for drainage purposes, induced marked neovascularization. Since then, similar frontal burr holes have been made in five juvenile cases of moyamoya disease; this procedure involved making a burr hole in both frontal bones and incising both the dura and the arachnoid membrane. In two cases a frontal burr hole in both frontal bones and incising both the dura and the arachnoid membrane. In two cases a frontal burr hole was placed simultaneously with EMS, and in the others the frontal burr hole was made following EMS. The clinical symptoms improved after the frontal burr hole was made, and dynamic computerized tomography revealed improved circulation in the frontal regions. Together with conventional surgical therapy for juvenile cases of moyamoya disease, this operation is considered beneficial both to the circulation in the frontal region and for the protection of frontal brain function.
A very thin coating for capillary zone electrophoresis of proteins based on a tri(ethylene glycol)‐terminated alkyltrichlorosilane (2004)

We describe the use of a tri(ethylene glycol)-terminated alkyltrichlorosilane to create a very thin, protein-resistant "self-assembled monolayer" coating on the inner surface of a fused-silica capillary. The same compound has been demonstrated previously on flat silica substrates to resist adsorption of many proteins. As a covalently bound capillary coating, it displays good resistance to the adsorption of cationic proteins, providing clean separations of a mixture of lysozyme, cytochrome c, ribonuclease A, and myoglobin for more than 200 consecutive runs. Electroosmotic flow (EOF) was measured as a function of pH; the coated capillary retains significant cathodal EOF, with roughly 50% of the EOF of an uncoated capillary at neutral pH, making this coating promising for applications requiring some EOF. The EOF was reasonably stable, with a 2.9% relative standard deviation during a 24 h period consisting of 72 consecutive separations of cationic proteins. Efficiencies for cationic protein separations were moderate, in the range of 190,000-290,000 theoretical plates per meter. The coating procedure was simple, requiring only a standard cleaning procedure followed by a rinse with the silane reagent at room temperature. No buffer additives are required to maintain the stability of the coating, making it flexible for a range of applications, potentially including capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS).
Relation between physical characteristics of orthostereophonic system and horizontal plane localization. (1985)

Digital simulation of sound field in the horizontal plane was carried out using orthostereophonic system (OSS). In simulations, several combinations of head and torso simulator (HATS) and equalizing networks were applied for a specified subject. On the other hand, a new method of analyzing the directional hearing in the horizontal plane was proposed. With the results of localization tests, the proposed method has demonstrated that:(1) Sound image directions and its quality as a difference between original and simulated sound field was estimated; The value2.3deg in error mean square for estimating the sound image direction difference and the value 0.78 in correlation coefficient for estimating the sound image quality difference were obtained, respectively.(2) For the given errors of sound image quality and direction, the tolerance limits of OSS performance as the interaural difference margin were illustrated using the proposed method.
Removal of algae using froth flotation (2003)

This paper describes the removal of algae and attached water using a froth flotation method as a function of the collector type, aeration rates, the pH of the algal suspension and temperature of operation. Dispersed air flotation was used in this study to remove Scenedesmus quadricaudo. The addition of surfactants such as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and sodium dodecylsulfate increased the aeration rates and reduced the size of air bubbles. Only cetyltrimethylammonium bromide gave high algal removal (90%) whereas sodium dodecylsulfate gave poor algal removal (16%). However, by decreasing the pH values of the algal suspension, it was possible to increase the algal removal efficiency up to 80%. Low temperature operation had an important effect on reducing the rate of algal removal but when the temperature was 20 degrees C or higher there was little change with further temperature rises. The amount of water removed with the algal phase was reduced by using a two-stage flotation process.
Low power design (2016)

Start of the above-titled section of the conference proceedings record.