gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
35‐1: Sharp Force Touch for On‐Screen User Interface in LCD and Foldable OLED Display Application (2021)

We describe ultra‐high sensitive force sensor on flat display that can detect and differentiate between feather touch and press touch or tapping. The proposed unique sensor pattern design and pressure‐sensitive material enables ultra‐high force sensitivity, multi force detection (10 points). The force as low as 25g comparable to make force of keyboards can be detected. The proposed technology provides on‐screen keyboard with extremely good performance for dual screen products. Moreover, with integrated force function, we can realize adaptive input interface on display not only the keyboard but also drawing pads, control boards and musical instruments.
New Optical Access Network Architecture Using Optical Packet Switches (2006)

This paper proposes a new optical access network architecture that differs from those of conventional Point-to-Point (PP) and Passive Optical Networks (PON). The proposed architecture, Optical Switched Access Network (OSAN), uses Optical Switching Modules (OSMs) that connect an Optical Line Terminal (OLT) to Optical Network Units (ONUs) in a virtual point to point configuration so that it offers the merits of both PP and PON while overcoming their demerits. Each OSM optically switches packets of variable length one by one under electrical control. To allow the elimination of optical buffers from OSM, OSAN uses the Multi-Point Control Protocol (MPCP) defined in IEEE 802.3ah. We evaluate the transmission distances between OLT and ONUs, and consider a network synchronization scheme and discovery mechanism that supports MPCP.
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of a Pyrrolinone-Based Matrix Metalloprotease Inhibitor (2000)

[reaction: see text] A pyrrolinone-based hydroxamate matrix metalloprotease inhibitor, (-)-1, has been designed and synthesized. Enzymatic assay revealed that (-)-1 inhibited three of the ten matrix metalloprotease enzymes examined and as such represents a new, potentially important lead structure.
Magnetostriction Observation with Synchrotron Radiation (2006)

In this study, the magnetostriction curve as a function of the relative magnetization applying the magnetic field along [-1 1 2] of an iron specimen was observed and discussed. The X-ray diffraction technique to observe the magnetostriction and the relative magnetization could determine whether the magnetostriction curves have the hysteresis.
Observation of coherent Smith-Purcell radiation using an initially continuous flat beam (2009)

A few years ago a new theory for producing coherent Smith-Purcell (SP) radiation from an initially continuous beam was proposed. This experiment confirms that two-dimensional theory. The beam was typically 10 cm wide, a few mm thick, with a peak current of 200 A and beam energy of 85 keV. The 10 cm-wide grating had twenty 2-cm periods, and radiation was produced at the fundamental frequency near 4.5 GHz. Second and third harmonics were observed at the expected angles. Beam bunching was measured using a B-dot probe placed at the end of a groove. Generally good agreement between this experiment and the 2D theory is found.
Improved walk-correction method for timing measurements in PET detector (2014)

For Time-of-Flight (TOF) PET detectors the timing resolution is one of the critical parameters for improving image quality. One of the effects degrading the timing resolution is the statistical fluctuation of the number of scintillation photons. The timing degradation is introduced by leading edge discriminator (LED) because the time of crossing the comparator threshold is signal-dependent. It is still possible to correct for this effect by measuring the total number of optical photons and this method is known as walk correction. When the threshold of LED is set very low to achieve the best timing resolution, the energy walk depends on the emitted light in the first ns of scintillation, but not the total integrated number of photons. There is a correlation between the integrated and initial numbers of photons, but the latter number is more significant for energy walk at low threshold. We describe an improved walk correction approach by measuring the rise time at the beginning of the pulse and then compensating the delay variation based on this value, thus improving the timing resolution with a minor increase of the complexity of readout electronics.
Clonal analysis of adult human olfactory neurosphere forming cells (2005)

Olfactory neuroepithelium (ONe) is unique because it contains progenitor cells capable of mitotic division that replace damaged or lost neurons throughout life. We isolated populations of ONe progenitors from adult cadavers and patients undergoing nasal sinus surgery that were heterogeneous and consisted of neuronal and glial progenitors. Progenitor lines have been obtained from these cultures that continue to divide and form nestin positive neurospheres. In the present study, we used clonal and population analyses to probe the self-renewal and multipotency of the neurosphere forming cells (NSFCs). NSFCs plated at the single cell level produced additional neurospheres; dissociation of these spheres resulted in mitotically active cells that continued to divide and produce spheres as long as they were subcultured. The mitotic activity of clonal NSFCs was assessed using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation. Lineage restriction of the clonal cultures was determined using a variety of antibodies that were characteristic of different levels of neuronal commitment: ss-tubulin isotype III, neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and microtubule associated protein (MAP2), or glial restriction: astrocytes, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP); and oligodendrocytes, galactocerebroside (GalC). Furthermore, nestin expression, a marker indicative of progenitor nature, decreased in defined medium compared to serum-containing medium. Therefore, adult human ONe-derived neural progenitors retain their capacity for self-renewal, can be clonally expanded, and offer multipotent lineage restriction. Therefore, they are a unique source of progenitors for future cell replacement strategies in the treatment of neurotrauma and neurodegenerative diseases.
Dynamic Thermal Management of Air Cooled Data Centers (2006)

Increases in server power dissipation time placed significant pressure on traditional data center thermal management systems. Traditional systems utilize computer room air conditioning (CRAC) units to pressurize a raised floor plenum with cool air that is passed to equipment racks via ventilation tiles distributed throughout the raised floor. Temperature is typically controlled at the hot air return of the CRAC units away from the equipment racks. Due primarily to a lack of distributed environmental sensing, these CRAC systems are often operated conservatively resulting in reduced computational density and added operational expense. This paper introduces a data center environmental control system that utilizes a distributed sensor network to manipulate conventional CRAC units within an air-cooled environment. The sensor network is attached to standard racks and provides a direct measurement of the environment in close proximity to the computational resources. A calibration routine is used to characterize the response of each sensor in the network to individual CRAC actuators. A cascaded control algorithm is used to evaluate the data from the sensor network and manipulate supply air temperature and flow rate from individual CRACs to ensure thermal management while reducing operational expense. The combined controller and sensor network has been deployed in a production data center environment. Results from the algorithm will be presented that demonstrate the performance of the system and evaluate the energy savings compared with conventional data center environmental control architecture.
Development of CMC Shroud for Turbine Engine Application (2008)

Ceramic matrix composite (CMC) applied turbine shroud for next-generation super sonic transport propulsion system was investigated in ESPR program. Trial manufacture of model shrouds using 3D-SiC/SiC were conducted and evaluated their manufacturing processes by strength tests of joint portions with metal parts. Model shrouds were successfully manufactured in appearance and the strength of joint portions were confirmed to have enough strength for engine test. To protect CMC from high temperature gas, mullite material was coated on inner surface of shrouds. Using a flat specimen and a model shroud, thermal cycle durability of coated CMC were evaluated by burner rig test apparatus. There were no debonding after 500 cycles on each specimen. These test results showed that CMC shrouds were potentially applicable to engine test.
Purification and properties of a xylanase from <i>Streptomyces lividans</i> (1986)

An extracellular xylanase produced by a cellulase-negative mutant strain of Streptomyces lividans 1326 was purified to homogeneity. The purified enzyme has an apparent Mr of 43,000 and pI of 5.2. The pH and temperature optima for the activity were 6.0 and 60 degrees C respectively, and the Km and Vmax. values, determined with a soluble oat spelts xylan, were 0.78 mg/ml and 0.85 mmol/min per mg of enzyme. The xylanase showed no activity towards CM-cellulose and p-nitrophenyl beta-D-xyloside. The enzyme degraded xylan, producing mainly xylobiose, a mixture of xylo-oligosaccharides and a small amount of xylose as end products. Its pattern of action on beta-1,4-D-xylan indicates that it is a beta-1,4-endoxylanase (EC 3.2.1.8).
Self-assembled growth of epitaxial erbium disilicide nanowires on silicon (001) (2000)

By choosing a material that has an appropriate asymmetric lattice mismatch to the host substrate, in this case ErSi2 on Si(001), it is possible to grow one-dimensional epitaxial crystals. ErSi2 nanowires are less than one nanometer high, a few nanometers wide, close to a micron long, crystallographically aligned to 〈110〉Si directions, straight, and atomically regular.
Supported Liquid Membrane Battery Separators - Final Report (1984)

This study was performed to explore the feasibility of.using a supported liquid manbrane (SLM) as a separator in the nickel-zinc battery.In particular, SLM separators should prevent zinc dendrite groWth from shorting out the cell and might also alleviate capacity loss due to zinc electrode.shape changes.A number of ion exchange/sol vent modifier systems for incorporation into SLMs were developed under a previous LBL contract.SLMs prepared with these reagents exhibited resistances in the range of 0.4-10 ol:nn cm 2 , selectively transported hydroxyl ions over zincate ions by a factor of 10 6 -10 7 , and possessed electrochemical and chemical stability in alkaline electrolytes.In order to evaluate these SLM separators under conditions closely resembling a commercial Ni-Zn cell, an accelerated cycle life test was devised using commercial electrodes.Previous experimental studies indicated that cell hardware needed to be specially designed to accommodate the SLM separator.The new cell design was tailored to allow for the total thickness of the electrodes, wicks and SLM without placing excess mechanical pressure on the electrode paakage which could cause excess electrode gassing, localized heating, or electrolyte wick dry out.Cycle life for the two SLM systems that perform best in SM KOH electrolyte consistently exceeded cycle 1 ife for control cells containing one, two or three layers of Celgard 3501 separators.No evidence of dendrite "hot shorting" was found in any SLM-containing cell.Results in 7M KOH electrolyte also indicate improved cycle life with the new cell design where the cycle life of cells containing a single layer SLM exceeded those of single and double layers of Celgard 3501.However, one control cell containing three layers of Celgard 3501 achieved 375 cycles, surpassing SLM cells.Once again the SLM-containing cells remained free of dendrite shorting.Studies were conducted to establish failure modes of cycled cells.Cells were also studied at rapid discharge rates and cells with multiple-layer SLMs were examined.Sane possible causes were found for capacity loss in SLM cells; however, zinc elettrode shape change may remain a major factor.
Glycoproteomic Discovery of Serological Biomarker Candidates for HCV/HBV Infection-Associated Liver Fibrosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2013)

We previously proposed a high-throughput strategy to discover serological biomarker candidates of cancer. This strategy focuses on a series of candidate glycoproteins that are specifically expressed in the original tissues (cells) of the target cancer and that carry glycan structures associated with carcinogenesis [Narimatsu, H., et al. FEBS J.2010, 277(1), 95-105]. Here, we examined the effectiveness of our strategy in identifying biomarkers to assess progression of liver fibrosis and for the early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). On the basis of the results of lectin array analyses in culture media of hepatoma cell lines, we captured glycopeptides carrying AAL-ligands (fucosylated glycans) or DSA-ligands (branched glycans) from digests of culture media proteins and sera from HCC patients with a background of liver cirrhosis (LC). Glycoproteins were identified by the IGOT-LC-MS method. In all, 21 candidates were selected from 744 AAL-bound glycoproteins for further verification according to (i) their abundance in serum, (ii) their specific expression in liver, and (iii) the availability of antibodies to the glycoproteins. All selected candidates showed enhancement of AAL-reactivity in sera of HCC patients compared with that of healthy volunteers (HV). These results indicate that our glycoproteomic strategy is effective for identifying multiple glyco-biomarker candidates in a high-throughput manner.
Pharmacological chaperone for α-crystallin partially restores transparency in cataract models (2015)

Cataracts reduce vision in 50% of individuals over 70 years of age and are a common form of blindness worldwide. Cataracts are caused when damage to the major lens crystallin proteins causes their misfolding and aggregation into insoluble amyloids. Using a thermal stability assay, we identified a class of molecules that bind α-crystallins (cryAA and cryAB) and reversed their aggregation in vitro. The most promising compound improved lens transparency in the R49C cryAA and R120G cryAB mouse models of hereditary cataract. It also partially restored protein solubility in the lenses of aged mice in vivo and in human lenses ex vivo. These findings suggest an approach to treating cataracts by stabilizing α-crystallins.
Controlled shrinkage polymers: Characterization of epoxy resins cured with spirobislactones (1990)

Abstract The diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) was cured with either an aliphatic or an aromatic spirobislactone using a tertiary amine catalyst. The products were characterized by FTIR, TGA, DSC, dilatometry, and single‐fiber adhesion measurements, and their performance was compared to that of DGEBA cured with acid anhydrides. Both aliphatic and aromatic bislactones are effective curing agents for DGEBA. FTIR and dilatometry confirm that both lactone rings open early in the curing reaction and initially offset shrinkage caused by polymerization. After the bislactone has been consumed, oxirane reactions proceed in a normal fashion. The final shrinkage of cured DGEBA polymers, with or without addition of bislactones, is 3.0–3.5%. Bislactone‐modified materials possess superior thermal properties, when compared to those of anhydride‐cured materials.
Transparent Cell for Protein Crystallization under Low Applied Voltage (2011)

A transparent cell with the ability to apply a uniform internal electric field has been designed for protein crystallization. The parallel configuration of two plate electrodes coated with transparent conductive films provides a cell where the growth of protein crystals can be observed. In addition, the electrodes allow the formation of parallel electric fields in the protein solution, which can be applied at a very low voltage so that the electrolysis of the solution does not occur.
A line-of-sight approach for non-line-of-sight imaging (Conference Presentation) (2019)

Standard imaging systems, such as cameras, radars and lidars, are becoming a big part of our everyday life when it comes to detection, tracking and recognition of targets that are in the direct line-of-sight (LOS) of the imaging system. Challenges however start to arise when the objects are not in the system’s LOS, typically when an occluder is obstructing the imager’s field of view. This is known as non-line-of-sight (NLOS) and it is approached in different ways depending on the imager’s operating wavelength. We consider an optical imaging system and the literature offers different approaches from a component and recovery algorithm point of view. In our optical setup, we assume a system comprising an ultra-fast laser and a single photon avalanche diode (SPAD). The former is used to sequentially illuminate different points on a diffuser (relay) wall, causing the photons to uniformly scatter in all directions, including the target’s location. The latter component collects the scattered photons as a function of time. In post-processing, back-projection based algorithms are employed to recover the target’s image. Recent publications focused their attention on showing the quality of the results, as well as potential algorithm improvements. Here we show results based on a novel theoretical approach (coined as “phasor fields”), which suggests treating the NLOS imaging problem as a LOS one. The key feature is to consider the relay wall as a virtual sensor, created by the different points illuminated on the wall. Results show the superiority of this method compared to standard approaches.
Diagnostic potential for a serum miRNA neural network for detection of ovarian cancer (2017)

Recent studies posit a role for non-coding RNAs in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Combining small RNA sequencing from 179 human serum samples with a neural network analysis produced a miRNA algorithm for diagnosis of EOC (AUC 0.90; 95% CI: 0.81-0.99). The model significantly outperformed CA125 and functioned well regardless of patient age, histology, or stage. Among 454 patients with various diagnoses, the miRNA neural network had 100% specificity for ovarian cancer. After using 325 samples to adapt the neural network to qPCR measurements, the model was validated using 51 independent clinical samples, with a positive predictive value of 91.3% (95% CI: 73.3-97.6%) and negative predictive value of 78.6% (95% CI: 64.2-88.2%). Finally, biologic relevance was tested using in situ hybridization on 30 pre-metastatic lesions, showing intratumoral concentration of relevant miRNAs. These data suggest circulating miRNAs have potential to develop a non-invasive diagnostic test for ovarian cancer.
Modeling User Attitude toward Controversial Topics in Online Social Media (2014)

The increasing use of social media platforms like Twitter has attracted a large number of online users to express their attitude toward certain topics. Sentiment, opinion, and action, as three essential aspects of user attitude, have been studied separately in various existing research work. Investigating them together not only brings unique challenges but can also help better understand a user's online behavior and benefit a set of applications related to online campaign and recommender systems. In this paper, we present a computational model that estimates individual social media user's attitude toward controversial topics in terms of the three aspects and their relationships. Our model can simultaneously capture the three aspects so as to predict action and sentiment based on one's opinions.Experiments on multiple social media campaign datasets demonstrated that our attitude model can more effectively predict people's sentiment, opinion and action than approaches that treat these aspects separately.
An Application of Case Based Reasoning to Maintenance Strategy. (1993)

The self-maintenance machine is a machine that can maintain its function flexibly even though faults happen in it. To realize functions for diagnosing and repair planning, a model based approach based on qualitative physics is proposed. Repair methods of the selfmaintenance machine are conducted after qualitative simulations, but there are two problems with executing repair. The first problem is difficulty of the constructions with multiple repair operations. The other problem is the performance time. In this paper, we first discuss the validity of case based reasoning to these problems. Second, we propose the methodology for applying case based reasoning to repair executions for the self-maintenance machine.
An advanced single-level polysilicon submicrometer BiCMOS technology (1989)

An advanced VLSI (very large scale integration) technology providing high-performance n-p-n bipolar (f/sub T/=9 GHz) and submicrometer gate-length MOS (metal-oxide-semiconductor) transistors is described. This technology is intended for high-speed logic circuits operating at 5 V, where a high level of circuit integration and low power consumption is required. Features include vertical n-p-n transistors with walled, self-aligned polysilicon emitters and lightly doped extrinsic base (LDEB) extensions MOS transistors feature complementary-doped polysilicon gates and LDD (lightly doped drain) structures for both NMOS and PMOS. Optional buried contacts between the polysilicon layer and all junctions in the silicon substrate are provided. Polysilicon emitters, MOS gates, base/collector, and source/drain regions are silicided. In addition, a fully planarized metal interconnect scheme incorporating nonselective CVD (chemical-vapor-deposited) tungsten and vertical-walled contacts and vias is utilized.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Combination of Three Methods to Reduce Glucose Metabolic Rate For Improving <i>N</i>-Acetylglucosamine Production in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (2018)

Previously, the production of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was improved by deletion of the genes encoding phosphofructokinase 2 (PFK-2) isoforms, which reduced the glycolytic flux by eliminating the pathway to produce fructose-2,6-bisphosphate, an allosteric activator of phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK-1). We further examined the effects of an additional reduction in glucose metabolic rate on N-acetylglucosamine production. Glucose uptake rate was lowered by expressing a gene encoding truncated glucose-sensing regulator (MTH1-ΔT). In addition, catalytically dead Cas9 (dCas9) was introduced in order to down-regulate the expression levels of PFK-1 and pyruvate kinase-1 (Pyk1). Finally, the three strategies were introduced into S. cerevisiae strains in a combinatorial way; the strain containing all three modules resulted in the highest N-acetylglucosamine production yield. The results showed that the three modules cooperatively reduced the glucose metabolism and improved N-acetylglucosamine production up to 3.0 g/L in shake flask cultivation.
A monolithic, reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer using asymmetric twin waveguide technology (2007)

An InP-based monolithically integrated optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) is demonstrated with the asymmetric twin waveguide (ATG) technology. Its add/drop functionality has been measured and shows > 20 dB drop extinction ratio.
Perovskite oxides: New candidate materials for low work function electron emitters (2014)

Perovskite oxides are promising materials for a new class of electron emitting materials because they possess intrinsically low work functions without the need for an additional surface dipole coating. Density Functional Theory (DFT) was used to examine a series of LaBO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> (B=transition metal) perovskites, and it was found that LaVO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> exhibited the lowest work function of 1.52 eV.