gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intrusion Detection For Controller Area Network Using Support Vector Machines (2019)

Controller Area Network is the most widely adopted communication standard in automobiles. The CAN protocol is robust and is designed to minimize overhead. The light-weight nature of this protocol implies that it can't efficiently process secure communication. With the exponential increase in automobile communications, there is an urgent need for efficient and effective security countermeasures. We propose a support vector machine based intrusion detection system that is able to detect anomalous behavior with high accuracy. We outline a process for parameter selection and feature vector selection. We identify strengths and weaknesses of our system and propose to extend our work for time-series based data.
Roles of Cell Signaling Pathways in Cell-to-Cell Contact-Mediated Epstein-Barr Virus Transmission (2012)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a human gamma herpesvirus, establishes a life-long latent infection in B lymphocytes and epithelial cells following primary infection. Several lines of evidence indicate that the efficiency of EBV infection in epithelial cells is accelerated up to 10(4)-fold by coculturing with EBV-infected Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cells compared to infection with cell-free virions, indicating that EBV infection into epithelial cells is mainly mediated via cell-to-cell contact. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in this pathway are poorly understood. Here, we establish a novel assay to assess cell-to-cell contact-mediated EBV transmission by coculturing an EBV-infected BL cell line with an EBV-negative epithelial cell line under stimulation for lytic cycle induction. By using this assay, we confirmed that EBV was transmitted from BL cells to epithelial cells via cell-to-cell contact but not via cell-to-cell fusion. The inhibitor treatments of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathways blocked EBV transmission in addition to lytic induction. The blockage of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway impaired EBV transmission coupled with the inhibition of lytic induction. Knockdown of the RelA/p65 subunit of NF-κB reduced viral transmission. Moreover, these signaling pathways were activated in cocultured BL cells and in epithelial cells. Finally, we observed that viral replication was induced in cocultured BL cells. Taken together, our data suggest that cell-to-cell contact induces multiple cell signaling pathways in BL cells and epithelial cells, contributing to the induction of the viral lytic cycle in BL cells and the enhancement of viral transmission to epithelial cells.
Electrophysical characteristics and low-energy cathodoluminescence of vacuum fluorescent display and field emission display screens (1998)

Special methods are proposed to estimate the conductivity of a thin phosphor layer deposited onto the screen of vacuum fluorescent display and field emission display. Some phosphor compositions have been studied with the aid of these methods. The conductivity of screens has been found to be subject to the voltage applied to a display and to alter significantly under the influence of electron bombardment. Electron-induced conduction is considered as the main cause of the observed conductivity. A correlation between some features of cathodoluminescence and electron-induced conduction has been revealed. Recommendations on how to calculate the optimal mode of display operation are given.
The Roles of CD38 and CD157 in the Solid Tumor Microenvironment and Cancer Immunotherapy (2019)

The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of extracellular matrix proteins, immune cells, vascular cells, lymphatics and fibroblasts. Under normal physiological conditions, tissue homeostasis protects against tumor development. However, under pathological conditions, interplay between the tumor and its microenvironment can promote tumor initiation, growth and metastasis. Immune cells within the TME have an important role in the formation, growth and metastasis of tumors, and in the responsiveness of these tumors to immunotherapy. Recent breakthroughs in the field of cancer immunotherapy have further highlighted the potential of targeting TME elements, including these immune cells, to improve the efficacy of cancer prognostics and immunotherapy. CD38 and CD157 are glycoproteins that contribute to the tumorigenic properties of the TME. For example, in the hypoxic TME, the enzymatic functions of CD38 result in an immunosuppressive environment. This leads to increased immune resistance in tumor cells and allows faster growth and proliferation rates. CD157 may also aid the production of an immunosuppressive TME, and confers increased malignancy to tumor cells through the promotion of tumor invasion and metastasis. An improved understanding of CD38 and CD157 in the TME, and how these glycoproteins affect cancer progression, will be useful to develop both cancer prognosis and treatment methods. This review aims to discuss the roles of CD38 and CD157 in the TME and cancer immunotherapy of a range of solid tumor types.
Awk — a pattern scanning and processing language (1979)

Abstract This paper describes the design and implementation of awk , a programming language which searches a set of files for patterns, and performs specified actions upon records or fields of records which match the patterns. Awk makes common data selection and transformation operations easy to express; for example, is a complete awk program that prints all input lines whose length exceeds 72 characters. The program prints each input line with the first field replaced by its logarithm. The program prints all lines in which the first field is different from the first field of the previous line. Patterns may include boolean combinations of regular expressions and of relational operators on strings, numbers, fields, variables, and array elements. Actions may include: the same matching constructions as in patterns; arithmetic and string expressions and assignments; if‐else, while, and for statements; formatted output; and multiple output streams.
Emittance Growth in a Storage Ring Due to Ground Motion (1989)

For a synchrotron light source designed for a small natural emittance, ground motion could lead to a non-negligible growth in emittance. When the ground motion is of the plane-wave type, one can study this dynamical process analytically by employing a method that combines the previously developed transfer function technique with a normal mode analysis that takes into account the magnification of the motion due to magnet supports. The explicit relationship between the amplitudes of the ground vibration and the emittance growth as a function of the vibration frequency is presented. Numerical examples are included. 3 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab.
A decade of structural variants: description, history and methods to detect structural variation (2015)

In the past decade, the view on genomic structural variation (SV) has been changed completely. SVs, previously considered rare events, are now recognized as the largest source of interindividual genetic variation affecting more bases than single nucleotide polymorphisms, variable number of tandem repeats and other small genetic variants. They have also been shown to play a role in phenotypic variation and in disease. In this review, the authors will provide an introduction to SV; a short historical perspective on the research of this source of genomic variation; a description of the types of structural variants, and on how they may have arisen; and an overview on methods of detecting structural variants, focusing on the analysis of high-throughput sequencing data.
New classification and update on the quinolone antibiotics. (2000)

The newer fluoroquinolones have broad-spectrum bactericidal activity, excellent oral bioavailability, good tissue penetration and favorable safety and tolerability profiles. A new four-generation classification of the quinolone drugs takes into account the expanded antimicrobial spectrum of the more recently introduced fluoroquinolones and their clinical indications. First-generation drugs (e.g., nalidixic acid) achieve minimal serum levels. Second-generation quinolones (e.g., ciprofloxacin) have increased gram-negative and systemic activity. Third-generation drugs (e.g., levofloxacin) have expanded activity against gram-positive bacteria and atypical pathogens. Fourth-generation quinolone drugs (currently only trovafloxacin) add significant activity against anaerobes. The quinolones can be differentiated within classes based on their pharmacokinetic properties. The new classification can help family physicians prescribe these drugs appropriately.
Cytogenetic relationships among Citrullus species in comparison with some genera of the tribe Benincaseae (Cucurbitaceae) as inferred from rDNA distribution patterns (2016)

The present study confirmed evolutionary closeness among cultivated watermelon (C. lanatus subsp. vulgaris), C. lanatus subsp. mucosospermus and C. colocynthis. Our result also supported that C. lanatus subsp. lanatus was not a wild form of the cultivated watermelon instead was a separate crop species. In addition, present cytogenetic analysis suggested that A. naudinianus was more closely related to Cucumis than to Citrullus or Acanthosicyos, but with a unique position and may be a link bridge between the Citrullus and the Cucumis.
Segmentation of object regions using depth information (2005)

The paper describes an object segmentation technique using 3D information extracted by stereo vision. The proposed algorithm is based on the assumption that all objects are lying on a common base plane. From the input stereo images, depth data is first extracted on edge points, and the recovered 3D points are projected onto the base plane. Using the fact that projected points from the same object tend to form a cluster on the base plane, each object region is separated. We demonstrate the efficacy of the algorithm using experimental images.
Low cost, interferometric differential refractometer (1993)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Tommie Ann Wilson, Wayne F. Reed; Low cost, interferometric differential refractometer. Am. J. Phys. 1 November 1993; 61 (11): 1046–1048. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.17338 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAmerican Association of Physics TeachersAmerican Journal of Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE DURING GRAIN FILLING ON WHOLE PLANT AND GRAIN YIELD IN MAIZE (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) (1983)

In a 2-yr study, plants of an adapted, short-season single cross maize (Zea mays L.) hybrid were grown outdoors until 18 days post-silking. At that stage, the plants were transferred to controlled-environment growth cabinets where temperature effects on leaf senescence, grain and whole plant dry matter (DM) production and DM distribution were studied. The day/night temperature regimes were 25/15 °C, 25/25 °C, 35/15 °C and 35/25 °C. Higher temperatures reduced whole plant DM accumulation during grain filling. The reduction in DM accumulation was primarily related to a reduction in the period of time from 18 days post-silking until 100% leaf senescence and, to a limited extent, to a lower rate of whole plant DM production. Grain yield per plant was also lower under higher temperatures. The decreases in grain yield were almost entirely determined by a shorter duration of grain filling, while no temperature effect was observed on kernel growth rates or on kernel number per ear. During rapid grain filling, the increase in kernel DM results from utilization of a combination of assimilates temporarily stored in the vegetative plant parts and assimilates produced through current photosynthesis. Under the highest temperature regime, assimilates remobilized from other plant parts accounted for a greater proportion of kernel weight gain. In addition, there was an indication that higher night temperatures resulted in an increased proportion of gain in kernel weight resulting from remobilization of stored DM.Key words: Corn, temperature, grain-filling period, grain growth, yield components, leaf senescence
A myeloma hybrid producing antibody specific for an allotypic determinant on “IgD‐like” molecules of the mouse (1977)

A hybrid cell line was produced by fusing a mouse myeloma line with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with B10 cells. The hybrid line grew in tissue culture and in syngeneic mice and produced IgM antibody specific for "IgD-like" molecules of mice with the Igb haplotype. The concentration of monoclonal antibody in the serum of tumor-bearing animals reached about 2 mg/ml and gave cytotoxic titers of up to 1:800 000. The derivation of the line, some properties of the antibody secreted and the nature of its antigenic target are described.
Pharmaceuticals R Us (2003)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVEditorialNEXTPharmaceuticals R UsMADELEINE JACOBSCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2003, 81, 41, 5Publication Date (Print):October 13, 2003Publication History Published online13 November 2010Published inissue 13 October 2003https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v081n041.p005https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v081n041.p005editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2003 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views79Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (699 KB) SUBJECTS:Pharmaceuticals Get e-Alerts
Role of topoisomerase II in mediating epipodophyllotoxin-induced DNA cleavage. (1984)

Epipodophyllotoxins are an important new class of anticancer agents which include the compounds VM-26 (teniposide) and VP-16 (etoposide). The mechanism of action of these drugs appears to involve production of DNA single- and double-strand breaks by virtue of a temperature-sensitive interaction between drug and a heat-labile intranuclear component. We now report evidence indicating that type II topoisomerase is the likely intracellular target for the DNA strand-breaking effects of the epipodophyllotoxins. Both VM-26 and VP-16 stimulate site-specific DNA cleavage by a highly purified calf thymus type II topoisomerase. VM-26 is 5- to 10-fold more potent than VP-16 in this assay, a difference that is also seen when DNA strand breaks are assayed in isolated nuclei of mouse leukemia cells following drug exposure. Furthermore, a similar potency difference exists with respect to cytotoxicity. Equilibrium dialysis experiments using [3H]VP-16 indicate that the drug does not bind to DNA. Thus, we suggest that the epipodophyllotoxins exert their anti-cancer effects by "poisoning" type II topoisomerase without binding to DNA. In this regard, their actions may be analogous to those of nalidixic acid in bacteria.
3D Prestack Migration with Cross-Spreads (1998)

Data acquired with parallel geometry can be described as a collection of common-offset gathers. Prestack migration of such data can be conveniently considered as the repeated application of the migration process to all common-offset gathers. In contrast, data acquired with orthogonal geometry in land or OBC surveys do not allow the construction of common-offset gathers. Instead, the data of an orthogonal geometry 3D survey can be described as a collection of cross-spreads. Each cross-spread has illuminated its own little part of the subsurface which can be imaged by migration. This paper introduces some of the problems associated with migration of cross-spreads.
Detection of Herpes simplex Virus DNA in Non-Herpetic Areas of Patients with Eczema herpeticum (2000)

<i>Background:</i> Patients with atopic dermatitis may develop a widespread cutaneous herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection called eczema herpeticum. <i>Objective:</i> We examined the possible routes of indirect HSV dissemination in 10 patients with eczema herpeticum, although direct spread of HSV is the most likely route of infection. <i>Methods:</i> Specimens were collected from hands and ‘non-herpetic’ areas (i.e. without eczema herpeticum), with or without eczematous and/or erythematous lesions of atopic dermatitis, of 10 patients with eczema herpeticum. We tried to detect HSV DNA in the samples by polymerase chain reaction. <i>Results:</i> HSV DNA was frequently detected on both hands and on cutaneous surfaces clinically free of eczema herpeticum. These patients had scratched such lesions because of itching. Moreover, they had taken baths the day before the examination. <i>Conclusion:</i> These results suggest that there may be two routes of indirect transmission of this virus, namely via manual scratching of herpetic lesions or via a contaminated bath towel or item of underwear.
<i>Shigella flexneri</i> Phagosomal Escape Is Independent of Invasion (2007)

Infections with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Shigella flexneri result in mucosal inflammation in response to epithelial cell invasion and macrophage cytotoxicity. These processes are mediated by type III secretion systems encoded in homologous virulence loci in the two species, namely, Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1), carried in the genome, and the Shigella entry region (SER), carried in a large virulence plasmid. Here we show that SPI-1 can functionally complement a deletion of SER in S. flexneri, restoring invasion of epithelial cells, macrophage cytotoxicity, and phagosomal escape. Furthermore, S. flexneri phagosomal escape requires the SER and another gene(s) carried on the large virulence plasmid. We demonstrate that the processes of invasion and phagosomal escape can be uncoupled in S. flexneri.
Characterization of the human urinary proteome: A method for high‐resolution display of urinary proteins on two‐dimensional electrophoresis gels with a yield of nearly 1400 distinct protein spots (2004)

Abstract The abundance profile of the human urinary proteome is known to change as a result of diseases or drug toxicities, particularly of those affecting the kidney and the urogenital tract. A consequence of such insults is the ability to identify proteins in urine, which may be useful as quantitative biomarkers. To succeed in discovering them, reproducible urine sample preparation methods and good protein resolution in two‐dimensional electrophoresis (2‐DE) gels for parallel semiquantitative protein measurements are desirable. Here, we describe a protein fractionation strategy enriching proteins of molecular masses ( M r ) lower than 30 kDa in a fraction separate from larger proteins. The fraction containing proteins with M r s higher than 30 kDa was subsequently subjected to immunoaffinity subtraction chromatography removing most of the highly abundant albumin and immunoglobulin G. Following 2‐DE display, superior protein spot resolution was observed. Subsequent high‐throughput mass spectrometry analysis of ca. 1400 distinct spots using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization‐time of flight peptide mass fingerprinting and liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry lead to the successful identification of 30% of the proteins. As expected from high levels of post‐translational modifications in most urinary proteins and the presence of proteolytic products, ca. 420 identified spots collapsed into 150 unique protein annotations. Only a third of the proteins identified in this study are described as classical plasma proteins in circulation, which are known to be relatively abundant in urine despite their retention to a large extent in the glomerular blood filtration process. As a proof of principle that our urinary proteome display effort holds promise for biomarker discovery, proteins isolated from the urine of a renal cell carcinoma patient were profiled prior to and after nephrectomy. Particularly, the decrease in abundance of the kininogen 2‐DE gel spot train in urine after surgery was striking.
Privacy-Preserved Key Agreement with User Authentication (2015)

With the progress of information technology, thecomputer crimes are emerging in an endless stream. It is because of the user's privacy should be protected, when the user submit a service request to the service provider, both of them should check the identity of the other, and then build a shared key to accomplish the service request. In this paper, we adopt the identity-based cryptosystem and the elliptic curve cryptosystem to design a privacy-preserved key agreement with user authentication. This protocol can achieve several properties: mutual authentication, deniability, and forward secrecy. Besides, the performance of the proposed protocol based on RSA is better than previous studies.
High-Density Self-Contained Microfluidic KOALA Kits for Use by Everyone (2014)

Cell-based assays are essential tools used by research labs in a wide range of fields, including cell biology, toxicology, and natural product discovery labs. However, in some situations, the need for cell-based assays does not justify the costs of maintaining cell culture facilities and retaining skilled staff. The kit-on-a-lid assay (KOALA) technology enables accessible low-cost and prepackageable microfluidic platforms that can be operated with minimal infrastructure or training. Here, we demonstrate and characterize high-density KOALA methods for high-throughput applications, achieving an assay density comparable to that of a 384-well plate and usability by hand with no liquid-handling equipment. We show the potential for high-content screening and complex assays such as quantitative immunochemistry assays requiring multiple steps and reagents.
[Content-based image-retrieval system - development, usefulness and perspectives of diagnostic assistant robot]. (2012)

In recent years, diagnostic imaging modalities have proliferated from standard X-ray to CT, MRI and PET, and the working environments of radiologists have changed greatly with the popular spread of the PACS system. Radiologists are now facing enormous duties due to the dramatic increase in the volume of images from various modalities, and the shortage of radiologists in Japan has reached near-crisis levels. Furthermore, it is difficult to gain the knowledge needed to interpret diagnostic imaging and modalities under the growing, increasingly diverse and complex modalities and methods, for general physicians and trainees. On the other hand, there are some computer-aided diagnosis and detection systems that support radiologists. Here, we introduce a new diagnostic assistant robot that automatically retrieves cases on record that are similar to new cases, helps in making diagnoses, and can create CT reports semi-automatically, using an existing past CT database of pulmonary nodules with a structured report.