gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MiniMedia surfer (2004)

It is challenging to browse multimedia on mobile devices with small displays. We present MiniMedia Surfer, a prototype application for interactively searching a multimedia collection for video segments of interest. Transparent layers are used to support browsing subtasks: keyword query, exploration of results through keyframes, and playback of video. This layered interface smoothly blends the key tasks of the browsing process and deals with the small screen size. During exploration, the user can adjust the transparency levels of the layers using pen gestures. Details of the video segments are displayed in an expandable timeline that supports gestural interaction.
Immunopotentiation of bovine herpes virus subunit vaccination by interleukin-2. (1991)

Cattle were immunized with glycoprotein IV (gIV) from bovine herpes virus-1 (BHV-1). Groups of five animals were then given either 2, 3, 4, or 5 doses of interleukin-2 (IL-2) (0.5 microgram/kg) at 12-hr intervals. Animals that received no IL-2 exhibited specific immune responses that are typical for BHV-1 infection, i.e. enhanced specific cytotoxicity, lymphocyte proliferative responses to gIV, and increased gIV-specific (ELISA) and virus-neutralizing antibodies. Treatment of animals with five doses of IL-2 significantly augmented all of these responses except serum neutralization (P less than 0.05). Furthermore, the dose of IL-2 that was selected did not induce any non-specific responses, i.e. hypergamma-globulinaemia, changes in blood chemistry, increased lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell activity, changes in mitogen responsiveness or alterations in the phenotypic profile of circulating lymphocytes. Nor were there any clinical changes associated with IL-2 therapy (e.g. depression, pyrexia, diarrhea). Animals that were treated with less than five doses of IL-2 also exhibited elevated immune responses, but they were not significantly different from untreated immunized controls. Interestingly, animals given five doses of IL-2 responded to minor contaminants present in the gIV preparation. This allows speculation that this dose regimen of IL-2 is not only a potent adjuvant for conventional vaccine immunizing doses, but will also allow the use of minute quantities of antigen for immunization.
Allosteric Aptamers Controlling a Signal Amplification Cascade Allow Visual Detection of Molecules at Picomolar Concentrations (2006)

A broadly applicable homogeneous detection system has been developed. It utilizes components of the blood coagulation cascade in the presence of polystyrene microspheres (MS) as a signal amplifier. Russell's viper venom factor X activator (RVV-X) triggers the cascade, which results in an eye-visible phase transition (precipitation) of MS bound to clotted fibrin. An allosteric RNA aptamer, RNA132, with affinity for RVV-X and human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF(165)) was created. RNA132 inhibits enzymatic activity of RVV-X. The effector molecule, VEGF(165), reverses the inhibitory activity of RNA132 on RVV-X and restores its enzymatic activity, thus, triggering the cascade and enabling the phase transition. As few as 5 fmol of VEGF(165) could be detected by the naked eye within an hour. Similar results were obtained for another allosteric aptamer modulated by a protein tyrosine phosphatase. The assay is instrumentation-free for both processing and readout and can be modified to detect molecules to which aptamers can be obtained.
Joint Inference of Multiple Label Types in Large Networks (2014)

We tackle the problem of inferring node labels in a partially labeled graph where each node in the graph has multiple label types and each label type has a large number of possible labels. Our primary example, and the focus of this paper, is the joint inference of label types such as home-town, current city, and employers, for users con-nected by a social network. Standard label prop-agation fails to consider the properties of the la-bel types and the interactions between them. Our proposed method, called EDGEEXPLAIN, explic-itly models these, while still enabling scalable inference under a distributed message-passing architecture. On a billion-node subset of the Facebook social network, EDGEEXPLAIN signif-icantly outperforms label propagation for several label types, with lifts of up to 120 % for recall@1 and 60 % for recall@3. 1.
Azide- and Dye-Conjugated Coelenterazine Analogues for a Multiplex Molecular Imaging Platform (2018)

Native coelenterazine (nCTZ) is a common substrate to most marine luciferases and photoproteins. In this study, nine novel dye- and azide-conjugated CTZ analogues were synthesized by conjugating a series of fluorescent dyes or an azide group to the C-2 or C-6 position of the nCTZ backbone to obtain bulkiness-driven substrate specificity and potential chemiluminescence/bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (C/BRET). The investigation on the optical properties revealed that azide-conjugated CTZs emit greatly biased bioluminescence to ALucs and ca. 130 nm blue-shifted bioluminescence with RLuc8.6 in living animal cells or lysates. The corresponding kinetic study explains that azide-conjugated CTZ exerts higher catalytic efficiency than nCTZ. Nile red-conjugated CTZ completely showed red-shifted CRET spectra and characteristic BRET spectra with artificial luciferase 16 (ALuc16). No or less spectral overlap occurs among [Furimazine-NanoLuc], [6-N<sub>3</sub>-CTZ-ALuc26], [6-pi-OH-CTZ-RLuc8.6], and [6-N<sub>3</sub>-CTZ-RLuc8.6] pairs, because of the substrate-driven luciferase specificity and color shifts, providing a crosstalk-free multiplex bioassay platform. The unique bioluminescence system appends a new toolbox to bioassays and multiplex molecular imaging platforms. This study is the first example that systematically synthesized fluorescent dye-conjugated CTZs and applied them for a bioluminescence assay system.
Inhibitors of HIV Protease: Unique Non‐peptide Active Site Templates (1996)

New templates were designed and prepared which straddle the active site of HIV-1 protease. These templates were designed to be ‘flexible scaffolds’ upon which substituents could be appended to fill the pockets of HIV protease. The new templates prepared and analysed were 4-hydroxy-5H-furan-2-ones, 4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydropyrones, 3-hydroxy-cyclohex-2-enones, and 4-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinones, of which the 4-hydroxy- 5,6-dihydropyrones were found to be the most potent inhibitors of HIV-1 protease.
Exception-less system calls for event-driven servers (2011)

Event-driven architectures are currently a popular design choice for scalable, high-performance server applications. For this reason, operating systems have invested in efficiently supporting non-blocking and asynchronous I/O, as well as scalable event-based notification systems. We propose the use of exception-less system calls as the main operating system mechanism to construct highperformance event-driven server applications. Exceptionless system calls have four main advantages over traditional operating system support for event-driven programs: (1) any system call can be invoked asynchronously, even system calls that are not file descriptor based, (2) support in the operating system kernel is nonintrusive as code changes are not required for each system call, (3) processor efficiency is increased since mode switches are mostly avoided when issuing or executing asynchronous operations, and (4) enabling multi-core execution for event-driven programs is easier, given that a single user-mode execution context can generate enough requests to keep multiple processors/cores busy with kernel execution. We present libflexsc, an asynchronous system call and notification library suitable for building event-driven applications. Libflexsc makes use of exception-less system calls through our Linux kernel implementation, FlexSC. We describe the port of two popular event-driven servers, memcached and nginx, to libflexsc. We show that exception-less system calls increase the throughput of memcached by up to 35 % and nginx by up to 120 % as a result of improved processor efficiency. 1
Design and testing of polymeric implants for the long-term release of dopamine (1988)

Hydrophobic, biocompatible polymers can be used for the encapsulation and subsequent controlled release of many water-soluble, bioactive molecules. The authors developed general methods for fabricating biocompatible implants and mathematical models for predicting the rate of drug release from the polymer implant based on measurable microstructural parameters. These models apply equally well for small molecules and macromolecules (e.g. proteins). Since polymeric implants may be useful in the treatment of many diseases-including neurological disorders-they now demonstrate the utility of these transport models for designing implantable devices for use in the brain.
Autonomous Aerial Water Sampling (2015)

Obtaining spatially separated, high‐frequency water samples from rivers and lakes is critical to enhance our understanding and effective management of freshwater resources. In this work, we present an aerial water sampler and assess the system through field experiments. The aerial water sampler has the potential to vastly increase the speed and range at which scientists obtain water samples while reducing cost and effort. The water sampling system includes 1) a mechanism to capture three 20 ml samples per mission, 2) sensors and algorithms for altitude approximation over water, and 3) software components that integrate and analyze sensor data, control the vehicle, drive the sampling mechanism, and manage risk. We validate the system in the lab, characterize key sensors, develop a framework for quantifying risk, and present results of outdoor experiments that characterize the performance of the system under windy conditions. In addition, we compare water samples from local lakes obtained by our system to samples obtained by traditional sampling techniques. We find that even winds of 5.8 m/s have little impact on the water sampling system and that the samples collected are consistent with traditional techniques for most properties. These experiments show that despite the challenges associated with flying precisely over water, it is possible to quickly obtain scientifically useful water samples with an unmanned aerial vehicle.
Frequency-multiplexed acoustooptic architectures and applications (1985)

The use of frequency multiplexing to increase the utility of acoustooptic correlators is described. Space-integrating and time-integrating architectures are described and specific demodulation and synchronization applications including a novel coarse/fine synchronization technique using these processors are detailed.
An Efficient Concurrency Control Algorithm for High-Dimensional Index Structures (2006)

This chapter introduces a concurrency control algorithm based on link-technique for high-dimensional index structures. In high-dimensional index structures, search operations are generally more frequent than insert or delete operations and need to access many more nodes than those in other index structures, such as B+-tree, B-tree, hashing techniques, and so on, due to the properties of queries. This chapter proposed an algorithm that minimizes the delay of search operations in all cases. The proposed algorithm also supports concurrency control on reinsert operations for the high-dimensional index structures employing reinsert operations to improve their performance. The authors hope that this chapter will give helpful information for studying multidimensional index structures and their concurrency control problems to researchers.
Cost effective storage using extent based dynamic tiering (2011)

Multi-tier systems that combine SSDs with SAS/FC and/or SATA disks mitigate the capital cost burden of SSDs, while benefiting from their superior I/O performance per unit cost and low power. Though commercial SSD-based multi-tier solutions are available, configuring such a system with the optimal number of devices per tier to achieve performance goals at minimum cost remains a challenge. Furthermore, these solutions do not leverage the opportunity to dynamically consolidate load and reduce power/operating cost.Our extent-based dynamic tiering solution, EDT, addresses these limitations via two key components of its design. A Configuration Adviser EDT-CA determines the adequate mix of storage devices to buy and install to satisfy a given workload at minimum cost, and a Dynamic Tier Manager EDT-DTM performs dynamic extent placement once the system is running to satisfy performance requirements while minimizing dynamic power consumption. Key to the cost minimization of EDT-CA is its ability to simulate the dynamic extent placement afforded by EDT-DTM. Key to the overall effectiveness of EDT-DTM is its ability to consolidate load within tiers when feasible, rapidly respond to unexpected changes in the workload, and carefully control the overhead due to extent migration. Our results using production workloads show that EDT incurs lower capital and operating cost, consumes less power, and delivers similar or better performance relative to SAS-only storage systems as well as other simpler approaches to extent-based tiering.
The EarlyBird System for Real-time Detection of Unknown Worms (2005)

Network worms are a major threat to the security of today's\nInternet-connected hosts and networks. The combination of unmitigated\nconnectivity and widespread software homogeneity allows worms to exploit\ntremendous parallelism in propagation. Modern worms spread so quickly that no\nhuman-mediated reaction to the outbreak of a new worm can hope to prevent a\nwidespread epidemic. In this paper we propose an automated method for detecting\nnew worms based on traffic characteristics common to most of them: highly\nrepetitive packet content, an increasing population of sources generating\ninfections and an increasing number of destinations being targeted. Our method\ngenerates content signatures for the worm without any human intervention.\nPreliminary results on a small network show promising results: we have\nidentified three confirmed worms with a low percentage of false positives. This\ngives us reason to believe that our method could form the core of an effective\nnetwork-level worm detection and countermeasure system capable of substantially\nslowing down the spread of new worms.Pre-2018 CSE ID: CS2003-0761
CABOB: A Fast Optimal Algorithm for Winner Determination in Combinatorial Auctions (2005)

Combinatorial auctions where bidders can bid on bundles of items can lead to more economically efficient allocations, but determining the winners is 𝒩𝒫-complete and inapproximable. We present CABOB, a sophisticated optimal search algorithm for the problem. It uses decomposition techniques, upper and lower bounding (also across components), elaborate and dynamically chosen bid-ordering heuristics, and a host of structural observations. CABOB attempts to capture structure in any instance without making assumptions about the instance distribution. Experiments against the fastest prior algorithm, CPLEX 8.0, show that CABOB is often faster, seldom drastically slower, and in many cases drastically faster—especially in cases with structure. CABOB's search runs in linear space and has significantly better anytime performance than CPLEX. We also uncover interesting aspects of the problem itself. First, problems with short bids, which were hard for the first generation of specialized algorithms, are easy. Second, almost all of the CATS distributions are easy, and the run time is virtually unaffected by the number of goods. Third, we test several random restart strategies, showing that they do not help on this problem—the run-time distribution does not have a heavy tail.
Large transport critical currents in unsintered MgB2 superconducting tapes (2001)

The powder-in-tube process has been employed to fabricate tape-like conductors with a strong metallic sheath and based on the newly discovered MgB2 superconducting phase. Long superconducting tapes have been prepared by packing reacted MgB2 powders inside pure Ag, Cu, and Ni tubes which are then cold worked by drawing and rolling. Such tapes have shown transport properties as good as bulk MgB2 samples sintered in high pressure and high temperature conditions. At 4.2 K, the highest critical current density of 105 A/cm2 has been achieved on nickel-sheathed single-filament conductors. A direct correlation between the sheath tensile strength and the critical current of the unsintered tape has been observed.
A New Method for Detection and Quantification of Heartbeat Parameters in Drosophila, Zebrafish, and Embryonic Mouse Hearts (2009)

The genetic basis of heart development is remarkably conserved from Drosophila to mammals, and insights from flies have greatly informed our understanding of vertebrate heart development. Recent evidence suggests that many aspects of heart function are also conserved and the genes involved in heart development also play roles in adult heart function. We have developed a Drosophila heart preparation and movement analysis algorithm that allows quantification of functional parameters. Our methodology combines high-speed optical recording of beating hearts with a robust, semi-automated analysis to accurately detect and quantify, on a beat-to-beat basis, not only heart rate but also diastolic and systolic intervals, systolic and diastolic diameters, percent fractional shortening, contraction wave velocity, and cardiac arrhythmicity. Here, we present a detailed analysis of hearts from adult Drosophila, 2-3-day-old zebrafish larva, and 8-day-old mouse embryos, indicating that our methodology is potentially applicable to an array of biological models. We detect progressive age-related changes in fly hearts as well as subtle but distinct cardiac deficits in Tbx5 heterozygote mutant zebrafish. Our methodology for quantifying cardiac function in these genetically tractable model systems should provide valuable insights into the genetics of heart function.
A Compact, Continuous Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigerator with High Heat Sink Temperature (2003)

In the continuous adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR), the existence of a constant temperature stage attached to the load breaks the link between the requirements of the load (usually a detector array) and the operation of the ADR. This allows the ADR to be cycled much faster, which yields more than an order of magnitude improvement in cooling power density over single-shot ADRs. Recent effort has focused on developing compact, efficient higher temperature stages. An important part of this work has been the development of passive gas-gap heat switches that transition (from conductive to insulating) at temperatures around 1 K and 4 K without the use of an actively heated getter. We have found that by carefully adjusting available surface area and the number of He-3 monolayers, gas-gap switches can be made to operate passively. Passive operation greatly reduces switching time and eliminates an important parasitic heat load. The current four stage ADR provides 6 micro W of cooling at 50 mK (21 micro W at 100 mK) and weighs less than 8 kg. It operates from a 4.2 K heat sink, which can be provided by an unpumped He bath or many commercially available mechanical cryocoolers. Reduction in critical current with temperature in our fourth stage NbTi magnet presently limits the maximum temperature of our system to approx. 5 K. We are developing compact, low-current Nb3Sn magnets that will raise the maximum heat sink temperature to over 10 K.
Taxonomical identification of phenol- and o-cresol-assimilating fungus Aureobasidium pullulans and its growth characteristics in phenol medium with methanol or formaldehyde. (1981)

Strain No. 14 that grew best in medium containing o-cresol at high concentration (0.01 %) as the sole carbon source was selected out of 22 strains of Aureobasidium spp. and its allied organisms, "Black Yeasts." The strain was investigated morphologically and taxonomically, and the conclusion was that it belonged to Aureobasidium pullulans (de Bary) Arnaud. The strain utilized phenol rapidly at a concentration as high as 0. 1 %, even when 3% methanol or 0.008% formaldehyde was present in medium. Based upon these results, strain No. 14 can probably be applied effectively to treat phenolic waste water, especially from the synthetic resin industry.
<title>Single-lens moire contouring method</title> (1991)

Small angle moire has been shown to be very useful in contouring objects with steep slopes and protrusions. We have considered a system which uses only one lens which serves as both the projection and viewing lens, that minimizes some of the problems associated with producing a small angle moire. The compactness of the design of a single lens system offers potentially higher stability, at the loss of standoff and field coverage from conventional designs. This paper explores the pros and cons of the single lens moire contour method, and discusses new problems of alignment and noise unique to this approach. Finally, the performance results of a test unit will be presented.
Wideband Operation of Microstrip Circulators (1973)

Octave bandwidths are found to be readily obtainable in 3-port Y-junction microstrip circulators. Theoretical and experimental results are presented which show that wide coupling lines and a smaller than usual disk radius can be used to obtain wideband operation.
Diffusion tensor MR imaging of the human brain. (1996)

A quantitative characterization of water diffusion in anisotropic, heterogeneously oriented tissues is clinically feasible. This should improve the neuroradiologic assessment of a variety of gray and white matter disorders.
Short Term Innovative Research on Sensors on Flexible Substrates (2001)

Abstract : This investigation concerns the development of microsensors sensors on flexible substrates such as Kapton (pyromellitic dianhydride and 4,4' diaminodphenyl ether). Microbolometers have been used as the test bed for microsensor development. The results on this investigation will form a basis for the production of other micromachined sensors such as pressure/strain sensors, hair-like touch and flow sensors, and accelerometers on flexible substrates. Flexible substrates can serve as the basis of a sensitive skin for humans and robots where sensors are distributed over skin to provide the sense of touch and feel or monitor the physiology of the wearer. Two techniques have been investigated. One involves attaching a Kapton film to a 4 inch wafer carrier with an adhesive and the other involves using a spin-on polyimide (Kapton-like) to coat a silicon wafer that has been covered with a release layer. The use of 4 inch wafers permits the use of standard microfabrication equipment. Using these techniques, YBaCuO microbolometers have been fabricated. Low temperature fabrication techniques are employed to minimize the thermal cycling of the polyimide substrate. In our preliminary work, the microbolometers displayed a Temperature Coefficient of Resistance of -3.1 %, at room temperature. The microbolometers reached responsivity and detectivity as high as 6x10(exp 3) V/W and 3x10(exp 7) cm.Hz(sup 1/2)/W, respectively, at 1.85 mu alpha of current bias. This detectivity is approximately 40% of the temperature fluctuation limit for these detectors.