gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cadherin-related family member 3, a childhood asthma susceptibility gene product, mediates rhinovirus C binding and replication (2015)

Members of rhinovirus C (RV-C) species are more likely to cause wheezing illnesses and asthma exacerbations compared with other rhinoviruses. The cellular receptor for these viruses was heretofore unknown. We report here that expression of human cadherin-related family member 3 (CDHR3) enables the cells normally unsusceptible to RV-C infection to support both virus binding and replication. A coding single nucleotide polymorphism (rs6967330, C529Y) was previously linked to greater cell-surface expression of CDHR3 protein, and an increased risk of wheezing illnesses and hospitalizations for childhood asthma. Compared with wild-type CDHR3, cells transfected with the CDHR3-Y529 variant had about 10-fold increases in RV-C binding and progeny yields. We developed a transduced HeLa cell line (HeLa-E8) stably expressing CDHR3-Y529 that supports RV-C propagation in vitro. Modeling of CDHR3 structure identified potential binding sites that could impact the virus surface in regions that are highly conserved among all RV-C types. Our findings identify that the asthma susceptibility gene product CDHR3 mediates RV-C entry into host cells, and suggest that rs6967330 mutation could be a risk factor for RV-C wheezing illnesses.
Spaser Made of Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes (2014)

Spaser is a nanoscale source of surface plasmons comprising a plasmonic resonator and gain medium to replenish energy losses. Here we propose a carbon-based spaser design in which a graphene nanoflake (GNF) resonator is coupled to a carbon nanotube (CNT) gain element. We theoretically demonstrate that the optically excited CNT can nonradiatively transfer its energy to the localized plasmon modes of the GNF because of the near-field interaction between the modes and the CNT excitons. By calculating the localized fields of the plasmon modes and the matrix elements of the plasmon-exciton interaction, we find the optimal geometric and material parameters of the spaser that yield the highest plasmon generation rate. The results obtained may prove useful in designing robust and ultracompact coherent sources of surface plasmons for plasmonic nanocircuits.
Evaluation of Proprostate Specific Antigen for Early Detection of Prostate Cancer in Men With a Total Prostate Specific Antigen Range of 4.0 to 10.0 Ng/Ml (2003)

Sum-proPSA, total PSA and %fPSA in combination improve the specificity of early prostate cancer detection in men with a total PSA of 4 to 10 ng/ml compared with the results of individual PSA molecular forms measured.
What Does it Take to Make Automated Calibration Find Closed Valves and Leaks? (2014)

A genetic algorithm (GA) model can be helpful in locating leaks and incorrectly closed valves in a water system in addition to calibrating for pipe roughness. This paper provides some practical suggestions to help users collect the right quality and quantity of data, manage the GA runs, and interpret the results. Optimization techniques work by adjusting demands, locating leakage hotspots, and changing pipe roughness or valve status so that the model matches the field observations for flow and pressure. However, all field data is inaccurate to some extent. The first key to success is that it is necessary to have head loss in the system that is significantly greater than the error in measurement. Otherwise, adjustments to the model are essentially random. In many water distribution systems, the head loss from the boundary nodes to the measurement points is small, and thus extra head loss must be generated. The easiest way to accomplish this is by opening one or more hydrants such that the flow increases by a known amount. This magnifies the discrepancies between the model and field data and makes the model much more sensitive to changes in parameters. Even with these high flows, it is important to measure the resulting pressure and the elevation of the pressure gauge to a high degree of accuracy (and remember that the elevation of the gauge is not necessarily the elevation of the model node).
<title>Optical scanning holographic microscopy</title> (1995)

We first review a newly developed 3D imaging technique called optical scanning holography (OSH), and discuss recording and reconstruction of a point object using the principle of OSH. We then derive 3D holographic magnification, using three points configured as a 3D object. Finally, we demonstrated 3D imaging capability of OSH by holographically recording two planar objects at different depths and reconstructing the hologram digitally.
Monolithic carrier-envelope phase-stabilization scheme (2005)

A new scheme for stabilizing the carrier-envelope (CE) phase of a few-cycle laser pulse train is demonstrated. Self-phase modulation and difference-frequency generation in a single periodically poled lithium niobate crystal that transmits the main laser beam allows CE phase locking directly in the usable output. The monolithic scheme obviates the need for splitting off a fraction of the laser output for CE phase control, coupling into microstructured fiber, and separation and recombination of spectral components. As a consequence, the output yields 6-fs, 800-nm pulses with an unprecedented degree of short- and long-term reproducibility of the electric field waveform.
SAW excitation on glass plates for a tactile display application (2006)

For reproduction of human tactile sensation, a tactile display using surface acoustic wave (SAW) has been proposed. To expand application of the device that has constrains due to its configuration, a novel SAW excitation method is proposed. A glass substrate, which is non-piezoelectric material, is combined with a piezoelectric material. A glass substrate SAW transducer is fabricated on trial. Measuring results of its characteristics indicates the transducer has enough performance. The tactile display employing the glass transducer works successfully.
Regulation of induced colonic inflammation by <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> deficient in lipoteichoic acid (2011)

Imbalance in the regulatory immune mechanisms that control intestinal cellular and bacterial homeostasis may lead to induction of the detrimental inflammatory signals characterized in humans as inflammatory bowel disease. Induction of proinflammatory cytokines (i.e., IL-12) induced by dendritic cells (DCs) expressing pattern recognition receptors may skew naive T cells to T helper 1 polarization, which is strongly implicated in mucosal autoimmunity. Recent studies show the ability of probiotic microbes to treat and prevent numerous intestinal disorders, including Clostridium difficile-induced colitis. To study the molecular mechanisms involved in the induction and repression of intestinal inflammation, the phosphoglycerol transferase gene that plays a key role in lipoteichoic acid (LTA) biosynthesis in Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM (NCK56) was deleted. The data show that the L. acidophilus LTA-negative in LTA (NCK2025) not only down-regulated IL-12 and TNFα but also significantly enhanced IL-10 in DCs and controlled the regulation of costimulatory DC functions, resulting in their inability to induce CD4(+) T-cell activation. Moreover, treatment of mice with NCK2025 compared with NCK56 significantly mitigated dextran sulfate sodium and CD4(+)CD45RB(high)T cell-induced colitis and effectively ameliorated dextran sulfate sodium-established colitis through a mechanism that involves IL-10 and CD4(+)FoxP3(+) T regulatory cells to dampen exaggerated mucosal inflammation. Directed alteration of cell surface components of L. acidophilus NCFM establishes a potential strategy for the treatment of inflammatory intestinal disorders.
Externalization of tropomyosin isoform 5 in colon epithelial cells (1999)

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with autoantibody response to a cytoskeletal protein, human tropomyosin (hTM) isoform-5 (hTM5). Because hTM5 is an intracellular protein, it may remain inaccessible to the autoantibodies. Therefore, we have investigated the possibility of externalization of hTM5 in colon epithelial cells. Freshly isolated colonic and small intestinal epithelial cells and LS-180 colon cancer cell line were examined for surface expression of hTM5 by flow cytometric analysis using hTM isoform-specific MoAbs. The extracellular release of hTM5 was determined by Western blot and radioimmunoprecipitation analyses. Physical association of hTM5 with a membrane-associated colon epithelial protein (CEP) was examined by co-immunoprecipitation of hTM5 with anti-CEP MoAb, and CEP with anti-hTM5 MoAb. Cell surface expression of hTM5 was observed in colonic epithelial and LS-180 cells but not in small intestinal epithelial cells. LS-180 cells spontaneously released hTM5 as well as CEP into the culture medium that was significantly stimulated by a calcium ionophore, A23187, but inhibited by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, monensin and methylamine. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that hTM5 forms a complex with CEP. We conclude that hTM5 is externalized in colon but not in small intestinal epithelial cells. The physical association of hTM5 with CEP suggests a possible chaperone function of CEP in the transport of hTM5, a putative target autoantigen in UC.
AWeb Search Method using User Operation on Digital Maps (2006)

We propose a method that analyzes users’ search intentions by using their operations in a digital map search and automatically displays appropriate Web information. Although map operations, such as panning and zooming, is a search technique where new screen information is acquired, the information acquired in map applications is restricted. Therefore, we developed a system that searches Web pages based on users operations in digital maps and offers additional information. In the system, search intentions are analyzed by the relationships between chunk, which divide operation sequences into meaningful pieces. Our system generated queries searches and retrieved Web pages that are displayed to users based on their intentions.
Signal-dependent phase distortion in optical correlators (1987)

We examine the effect of phase distortion inherent in a spatial light modulator on the performance of an optical correlator. We examine such areas as input plane distortion, input and Fourier plane distortion, effect of phase mismatch between these planes, and the effect of additive white noise. When large distortions are present and the proper compensation is incorporated into the filter, we find a significant enhancement in performance in that the correlation response converges to a function and the SNR increases significantly. A theory is presented to explain this behavior.
Amino-Terminal Parathyroid Hormone Fragment Analogs Containing α,α-di-alkyl Amino Acids at Positions 1 and 3 (2004)

Constraining the N-terminal PTH backbone conformation with di-alkyl amino acids at positions 1 and 3 may be a general strategy for optimizing and minimizing the PTH pharmacophore; however, inhibitory side-chain effects may be encountered. The new analogs presented should be useful as minimum-length functional probes of the PTH-PTH receptor interaction mechanism.
Assessment of Current Continuous Hemofiltration Systems and Development of a Novel Accurate Fluid Management System for Use in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (2008)

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) with a renal replacement therapy such as continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) provides life-saving temporary heart and lung, and renal support in pediatric and neonatal intensive care units. However, studies have shown that this approach may be hampered due to the potentially inaccurate fluid delivery∕drainage of current intravenous (IV) fluid pumps, creating potential for excessive fluid removal and undesired degrees of dehydration. We present a simple and novel accurate fluid management system capable of working against the high volume flow and pressures typically seen in patients on ECMO. The accuracy of the in-line system implemented at Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta at Egleston was assessed experimentally. The data assisted in the development of a novel automated and accurate fluid management system that functions based on a conservation of volume approach to limit the inaccuracies observed in typical clinical implementations of CVVH. IV pump accuracy measurements demonstrated a standard error in net ultrafiltrate volume removed from the patient of up to 848.5±156ml over a period of 24h, supporting previous observations of patient’s dehydration during the course of a combined ECMO-CVVH treatment and justifying the need for a new fluid management system. The innovative design of the new device is expected to achieve either a perfect or controlled negative fluid balance between the ultrafiltrate and replacement fluid flow rates. Perfect fluid balance is achieved by imposing an identical displacement on two pistons, one delivering replacement fluid to the circuit and the other draining ultrafiltrate from the hemofilter. Fluid removal is managed via a second syringe-pump system that reduces the net replacement fluid flow rate with respect to the ultrafiltration flow rate. The novel fluid management system described in this paper is expected to provide an effective method to control precisely fluid flow rates in patients on ECMO. Therefore, this device could potentially improve the efficacy of ECMO therapy and constitute a safe and effective way of reducing fluid overload in patients with cardiorespiratory failure.
Biocatalysts having an enzymic activity, and products obtained (1983)

An enzyme carrier is prepd. by coating 0.1-0.25 mm mineral particles with chitosan [9012-76-4] and binding it with glutaraldehyde [111-30-8], which may be reduced by NaBH4. Alternatively, an enzyme may be bonded to the chitosan layer by a carbodiimide to stabilize the enzyme. Thus, 8 g chitosan in 300 mL HOAc + 400 mL water was left overnight with a suspension of 120 g silica gel, transferred to a glutaraldehyde soln. for 2 h, and agitated gently with an invertase [9001-57-4] soln. at pH 4 which immobilized 89% of the enzyme without any loss of activity. [on SciFinder (R)]
Evaluation of the Deletion of MGF110-5L-6L on Swine Virulence from the Pandemic Strain of African Swine Fever Virus and Use as a DIVA Marker in Vaccine Candidate ASFV-G-ΔI177L (2022)

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is responsible for an ongoing pandemic that is affecting central Europe, Asia, and recently the Dominican Republic, the first report of the disease in the Western Hemisphere in over 40 years. ASFV is a large, complex virus with a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genome that carries more than 150 genes, most of which have not been studied. Here, we assessed the role of the MGF110-5L-6L gene during virus replication in cell cultures and experimental infection in swine. A recombinant virus with MGF110-5L-6L deleted (ASFV-G-ΔMGF110-5L-6L) was developed using the highly virulent ASFV Georgia (ASFV-G) isolate as a template. ASFV-G-ΔMGF110-5L-6L replicates in swine macrophage cultures as efficiently as the parental virus ASFV-G, indicating that the MGF110-5L-6L gene is nonessential for virus replication. Similarly, domestic pigs inoculated with ASFV-G-ΔMGF110-5L-6L presented with a clinical disease undistinguishable from that caused by the parental ASFV-G, confirming that the MGF110-5L-6L gene is not involved in producing disease in swine. Sera from animals inoculated with an efficacious vaccine candidate, ASFV-G-ΔMGF, strongly recognized the protein encoded by the MGF110-5L-6L gene as a potential target for the development of an antigenic marker differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA) vaccine. To test this hypothesis, the MGF110-5L-6L gene was deleted from the highly efficacious ASFV vaccine candidate ASFV-G-ΔI177L, generating the recombinant ASFV-G-ΔI177L/ΔMGF110-5L-6L. Animals inoculated with ASFV-G-ΔI177L/ΔMGF110-5L-6L developed an ASFV-specific antibody response detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The sera strongly recognized ASFV p30 expressed in eukaryotic cells but did not recognize ASFV MGF110-5L-6L protein, demonstrating that deletion of the MGF110-5L-6L gene can enable DIVA capabilities in preexisting vaccine candidates. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Currently, there are no African swine fever (ASF) commercial vaccines that can be used to prevent or control the spread of ASF. The only effective experimental vaccines against ASF are live-attenuated vaccines. However, these experimental vaccines, which rely on a deletion of a specific gene of the current circulating strain of ASF, make it hard to tell the difference between a vaccinated and an infected animal. In our search for a serological marker, we identified that the virus protein encoded by the MGF110-5L-6L gene induced an immune response, making a virus lacking this gene a vaccine candidate that allows the differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA). Here, we show that deletion of MGF110-5L-6L does not affect virulence or virus replication. However, when the deletion of MGF110-5L-6L was added to vaccine candidate ASFV-G-ΔI177L, a reduction in the effectiveness of the vaccine occurred.
Restoration of Binocular Vision in Amblyopia (2011)

This provides the basis for a new treatment of amblyopia, one that is purely binocular and aimed at reducing suppression as a first step.
A Compact Highly Efficient and Low Hemolytic Centrifugal Blood Pump With a Magnetically Levitated Impeller (2006)

A magnetically levitated (maglev) centrifugal blood pump (CBP), intended for use as a ventricular assist device, needs to be highly durable and reliable for long-term use without any mechanical failure. Furthermore, maglev CBPs should be small enough to be implanted into patients of various size and weight. We have developed a compact maglev CBP employing a two-degree-of-freedom controlled magnetic bearing, with a magnetically suspended impeller directly driven by an internal brushless direct current (DC) motor. The magnetic bearing actively controls the radial motion of the impeller and passively supports axial and angular motions using a permanent magnet embedded in the impeller. The overall dimensions of the maglev CBP are 65 mm in diameter and 40 mm in height. The total power consumption and pump efficiency for pumping 6 L/min against a head pressure of 105 mm Hg were 6.5 W and 21%, respectively. To evaluate the characteristics of the maglev CBP when subjected to a disturbance, excitation of the base, simulating the movement of the patient in various directions, and the sudden interception of the outlet tube connected with the pump in a mock circulatory loop, simulating an unexpected kink and emergent clamp during a heart surgery, were tested by monitoring the five-degree-of-freedom motion of the impeller. Furthermore, the hemolytic characteristics of the maglev CBP were compared with those of the Medtronic Biomedicus BPX-80, which demonstrated the superiority of the maglev CBP.
Cocaine reduction in unmotivated crack users using carbamazepine versus placebo in a short-term, double-blind crossover design (1991)

On the basis of cocaine-caused kindling in animals and the usefulness of carbamazepine in treating kindling-type seizures, carbamazepine has been tried in clinical settings with cocaine-dependent individuals. This report presents findings of a 20-day, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study in 32 nontreatment-motivated, paid, chronic crack cocaine users. Carbamazepine significantly lowered the mean number of positive urine specimens compared with placebo. Of clinical importance, serum carbamazepine levels of 4 micrograms/ml (17 mumol/L) or more were associated with greater improvement. A consistent, clinically important trend linked therapeutic levels with improvement for all subjective and objective outcome variables. Comparison of daily acknowledged cocaine use or professed cocaine abstinence, with cocaine use indicated by daily urinalysis in these chronic cocaine users, has suggested the possibility of cocaine saturation as an important methodologic limitation inherent in outpatient studies of cocaine use in humans.
Rechargeable nonaqueous batteries. [Li/LiClO/sub 4/ in propylene carbonate/NbSe/sub 4+x/, x = 0 to 0. 5] (1977)

Nonaqueous, rechargeable batteries are described which employ a conventional negative electrode and a positive electrode with a new and unique active material. Such batteries are advantageous because of the high capacity per unit weight and per unit volume exhibited by the positive electrode and the extensive rechargeability of these batteries. 3 figures.
Efficient Aggregate Computation over Data Streams (2008)

Cisco's NetFlow collector (NFC) is a powerful example of a real-world product that supports multiple aggregate queries over a continuous stream of IP flow records. NFC enables a plethora of network management tasks like traffic demands estimation, application traffic profiling, etc. In this paper, we investigate two computation sharing techniques for enabling streaming applications such as NFC to scale to hundreds of queries. Our first technique instantiates certain intermediate aggregates which are then used to generate the final answers for input queries. Our second technique coalesces the filter conditions of similar queries and uses the coalesced filter to pre-filter stream data input to these queries. Using these techniques, we propose a heuristic to compute a good query plan and perform extensive simulations to show that our heuristic delivers a factor of over 3 performance improvement compared to a naive approach.
Efficient generation of a magnetic field‐free line (2010)

The proposed coil assembly is almost as efficient as an equivalent FFP scanner. Furthermore, the assembly cannot only be used for FFL imaging but for FFP imaging as well. Hence, the findings of this article denote an important step toward the first practical implementation of the FFL coil geometry.
High-Speed Atto-Joule per Bit Photonic Crystal Nanocavity Modulator (2019)

We quantitatively analyzed the determinant factors for energy efficiency of carrier-driven resonator-based electro-optic modulator and reported an ultra-compact transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) gated silicon photonic crystal nanocavity modulator design, demonstrating high E-O efficiency of 250pm/V, low energy consumption of 3fJ/bit and gigahertz operation speed.