gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carbon dioxide uptake by pure Portland and blended cement pastes (2021)

Carbon dioxide sequestration by cement-based materials is a chemical process known as carbonation. Carbon dioxide absorption by cement consists of its reaction with calcium hydroxide, among other Portland cement components. This phenomenon should be taken into account in the calculation of the net contribution of cement production to greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, carbon dioxide uptake should be considered into future life-cycle assessment protocols. This paper presents the carbon dioxide absorption results recorded in paste specimens during almost four years by 15 different types of Portland composite cements made of siliceous coal fly ash, natural pozzolan, ground granulated blast-furnace slag and limestone. Prismatic (10 ​× ​10 ​× ​60 mm) Portland cement pastes made of several types of cement (5% and 35% by weight) and with two cement/water ratios (0.45 and 0.60) were manufactured. The specimens were cured at 95% relative humidity for 24+ ​48 ​h and afterwards they were kept under laboratory room conditions for 25 more days. After this period, a set of the specimens remained in the lab, whereas other were moved outdoors for being kept sheltered or exposed from rain. Thermogravimetric measurements were performed along the time to determine the carbon dioxide absorption by the Portland cement pastes. The results were fitted to an exponential function. The maximum carbon dioxide absorption and the absorption rate depends on the exposure conditions, the water/cement ratio, the cement type (calcium oxide contents, type and percentage of the additions in the cement paste and compressive strength) and portlandite formed at 28-days. The results of this paper show that the absorption amounts were 13% and 30% in weight. of ignited cement.
Functional activation of human neutrophils by recombinant monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor/IL-8. (1990)

Monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor (MDNCF)/IL-8, a novel cytokine, distinct from IL-1 and TNF was recently purified and cloned. This study was performed to investigate the biologic effect of recombinant MDNCF/IL-8 on human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) by assessment of their growth inhibitory activity against Candida albicans. The chemoattractant, FMLP was used as a positive control. We demonstrated that MDNCF/IL-8, similar to FMLP, effectively enhanced PMN-mediated anti-Candida activity. MDNCF/IL-8, from 1.0 to 1000 ng/mol, enhanced PMN-mediated anti-Candida activity, whereas FMLP was effective from 10(-10) to 10(-7) M. The optimal dose of MDNCF/IL-8 for PMN stimulation was 10 ng/ml which equalled the optimal chemoattractant dose. MDNCF/IL-8 itself, like FMLP, had no direct effect on Candida growth at any concentration and it stimulated antifungal activity only in PMN but not in monocytes. Interestingly, MDNCF/IL-8 failed to stimulate directly the production of superoxide from PMN or prime the respiratory burst of PMN exposed to FMLP. However, MDNCF/IL-8 was capable of releasing azurophilic enzymes from cytochalasin B-treated PMN into the extracellular space. Enhancement of PMN anti-Candida activity and release of azurophilic enzymes from PMN by MDNCF/IL-8 were inhibited in the presence of colchicine, which is a known inhibitor of degranulation. These results suggest that MDNCF/IL-8 induced antifungal action of PMN via oxygen-independent pathways. Furthermore, MDNCF/IL-8 induction of anti-Candida action by PMN was inhibited by pretreatment with Bordetella pertussis toxin, suggesting that enhancement of PMN antifungal activity by MDNCF/IL-8, as well as by FMLP, may be mediated by a GTP-binding protein.
The organization of studies in the French University system (1998)

This study examines the French University system, focusing on the relationships with the State, emphasizing the definition and build-up of University curricula and degrees. It reviews the theoretical organization of university studies, within which the state defines the global frameworks; universities present suggestions to the State; and, finally, the state validates or ratifies with or without modifications. Nevertheless, regardless of the theoretical organization, the French University system works only partly in accordance to the rules, not always conforming to these. This becomes clear taking into account the considerable autonomy universities hold, further reinforced by the limited existence of assessment procedures. Yet, the study suggests that an equilibrium between the national framework and the autonomy of each university should be considered to achieve a more flexible and job-oriented teaching. Furthermore, these evolutions can only take place by increasing management capacity and the value for teachers to teach, as well as developing assessment procedures and reinforcing the capacity of the State's expertise.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colon Cancer: A Review (1997)

Extensive and long-standing colitis due to Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis is associated with an increased incidence of colorectal cancer. Colonoscopy with biopsies for mucosal dysplasia can help stratify those patients who are at increased risk. However, the effectiveness of surveillance programs has been questioned. Newer molecular techniques may eventually lead to the development of more accurate screening tools, but at this time there is not enough evidence to support their widespread use.
The susceptibility of organisms associated with bacterial vaginosis to spermicidal compounds, in vitro. (1991)

The concentrations of spermicides incorporated in contraceptive preparations are usually between 3% and 8%, which are far in excess of the MICs found for BV organisms. Their usage could exert a significant antimicrobial effect and be a useful prophylactic in preventing the infection.
Estimation of the Mean Indicated Pressure from Measurements of the Crankshafts Angular Speed Variation (1993)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">In recent years much interest has been shown for the possibilities to determine, on-line, the torque or power delivered by an i.c. engine running on site under normal operating conditions.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">In this paper, a method is developed which permits to estimate the average value, for the whole engine, of the mean indicated pressure (MIP), based on measurements of the angular speed fluctuations of the crankshaft. In order to establish the correlation between the MIP and some characteristic magnitudes of the angular speed fluctuations, three different ways to solve the system of differential equations of motion for the torsional oscillating system of the shafting are presented and discussed: transfer matrices (TM), direct numerical integration (DI) and modal analysis (MA). A comparison with experiment shows acceptable coincidence between measurements and simulation for all three methods. Every method has its advantages: DI and MA are able to simulate transients while TM may be used only under steady-state conditions but, a reverse calculation according to the TM algorithm is possible and can be used to predict the exciting torque acting on the crankshaft. Proceeding in this way, the simulations have shown that the amplitudes of certain noninteger harmonic orders of the angular motion may be used to predict the MIP. Experiments have demonstrated that in different speed ranges these harmonic orders may be used to estimate the MIP.</div>
T-type calcium channels mediate the transition between tonic and phasic firing in thalamic neurons. (1989)

Thalamic neurons undergo a shift from tonic to phasic (burst) firing upon hyperpolarization. This state transition results from deinactivation of a regenerative depolarizing event referred to as the low-threshold spike. Isolated adult guinea pig thalamic (dorsal lateral geniculate) neurons exhibited low-threshold spikes that could be blocked by low concentrations of nickel but were unaffected by the dihydropyridine nimodipine. Whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings from these cells demonstrated a low-threshold, rapidly inactivating (T) Ca2+ current that manifested similar voltage dependency and time course as the low-threshold spike. Like low-threshold spikes, the T-type Ca2+ current was eliminated by nickel but was unaffected by nimodipine. In thalamic neurons, T-type Ca2+ channels underlie the low-threshold spike and, therefore, play a critical role in regulating the firing pattern of these cells.
Dose-dependent relationship between acidosis at birth and likelihood of death or cerebral palsy (2017)

There is a dose-dependent relationship between the degree of acidosis within an hour of delivery, and the likelihood of adverse neonatal and later neurodevelopmental outcome in infants born at 35 weeks gestation or more.
Discrete spatial and temporal <i>cis</i>-acting elements regulate transcription of the <i>Arabidopsis</i> floral homeotic gene <i>APETALA3</i> (1998)

The APETALA3 floral homeotic gene is required for petal and stamen development in Arabidopsis. APETALA3 transcripts are first detected in a meristematic region that will give rise to the petal and stamen primordia, and expression is maintained in this region during subsequent development of these organs. To dissect how the APETALA3 gene is expressed in this spatially and temporally restricted domain, various APETALA3 promoter fragments were fused to the uidA reporter gene encoding beta-glucuronidase and assayed for the resulting patterns of expression in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Based on these promoter analyses, we defined cis-acting elements required for distinct phases of APETALA3 expression, as well as for petal-specific and stamen-specific expression. By crossing the petal-specific construct into different mutant backgrounds, we have shown that several floral genes, including APETALA3, PISTILLATA, UNUSUAL FLORAL ORGANS, and APETALA1, encode trans-acting factors required for second-whorl-specific APETALA3 expression. We have also shown that the products of the APETALA1, APETALA3, PISTILLATA and AGAMOUS genes bind to several conserved sequence motifs within the APETALA3 promoter. We present a model whereby spatially and temporally restricted APETALA3 transcription is controlled via interactions between proteins binding to different domains of the APETALA3 promoter.
La règle d'or chez Paul Ricœur: une interrogation théologique (1995)

La «regle d'or» enoncee par Luc 6, 31 et Matthieu 7, 12, est interpretee par Paul Ricœur, dans Soi-Meme Comme un Autre (1990), comme une regle de reciprocite nee de la sollicitude envers autrui, affrontee a la violence, qui permet de gerer les conflits entre l'universalite de la loi et le bien particulier. L'A. s'interroge sur la discordance, observee par Ricœur, entre une logique d'equivalence qui regirait l'ethique commune et une logique de la surabondance qui releverait de l'economie du don et de la reference a Dieu
Oral administration of circulating precursors for membrane phosphatides can promote the synthesis of new brain synapses (2007)

Although cognitive performance in humans and experimental animals can be improved by administering omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the neurochemical mechanisms underlying this effect remain uncertain. In general, nutrients or drugs that modify brain function or behavior do so by affecting synaptic transmission, usually by changing the quantities of particular neurotransmitters present within synaptic clefts or by acting directly on neurotransmitter receptors or signal-transduction molecules. We find that DHA also affects synaptic transmission in mammalian brain. Brain cells of gerbils or rats receiving this fatty acid manifest increased levels of phosphatides and of specific presynaptic or postsynaptic proteins. They also exhibit increased numbers of dendritic spines on postsynaptic neurons. These actions are markedly enhanced in animals that have also received the other two circulating precursors for phosphatidylcholine, uridine (which gives rise to brain uridine diphosphate and cytidine triphosphate) and choline (which gives rise to phosphocholine). The actions of DHA aere reproduced by eicosapentaenoic acid, another omega-3 compound, but not by omega-6 fatty acid arachidonic acid. Administration of circulating phosphatide precursors can also increase neurotransmitter release (acetylcholine, dopamine) and affect animal behavior. Conceivably, this treatment might have use in patients with the synaptic loss that characterizes Alzheimer's disease or other neurodegenerative diseases or occurs after stroke or brain injury.
Development of ionized hypomagnesemia is associated with higher mortality rates (2003)

Development of ionized hypomagnesemia during an ICU stay is associated with a worse prognosis. It is often associated with the use of diuretics and the development of sepsis. Monitoring of ionized magnesium levels may have prognostic, and perhaps therapeutic, implications.
Immunochemical detection of the multidrug resistance-associated protein MRP in human multidrug-resistant tumor cells by monoclonal antibodies. (1994)

We have generated rat and murine monoclonal antibodies against multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP), a M(r) 180,000-195,000 membrane glycoprotein involved in a non-P-glycoprotein multidrug resistance of human tumor cells. The antibodies were raised against two different segments of MRP and found to be suitable for protein blot analyses, immunohistochemical and cytochemical studies, as well as flow cytometry of permeabilized cells. The antibodies do not cross-react with the human P-glycoproteins. Immunocytochemistry using MRP-overexpressing tumor cells of different histogenetic origins showed that MRP is predominantly located in the plasma membrane. Immunoelectron microscopy confirmed the plasma membrane location of MRP. The MRP antibodies provide a sensitive and specific tool for studies on MRP-mediated multidrug resistance.
Impaired exercise capacity in post–COVID-19 syndrome: the role of VWF-ADAMTS13 axis (2022)

Post-COVID syndrome (PCS), or long COVID, is an increasingly recognized complication of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, characterized by persistent fatigue, reduced exercise tolerance, chest pain, shortness of breath, and cognitive slowing. Acute COVID-19 is strongly linked with an increased risk of thrombosis, which is a prothrombotic state quantified by an elevated von Willebrand factor (VWF) antigen (Ag)/ADAMTS13 ratio that is associated with severity of acute COVID-19 infection. We investigated whether patients with PCS also had evidence of a prothrombotic state associated with symptom severity. In a large cohort of patients referred to a dedicated post-COVID-19 clinic, thrombotic risk, including VWF(Ag)/ADAMTS13 ratio, was investigated. An elevated VWF(Ag)/ADAMTS13 ratio (≥1.5) was present in nearly one-third of the cohort and was 4 times more likely to be present in patients with impaired exercise capacity, as evidenced by desaturation ≥3% and/or an increase in lactate level >1 from baseline on a 1-minute sit-to-stand test and/or a 6-minute walk test (P < .0001). Of 276 patients, 56 (20%) had impaired exercise capacity, of which 55% (31/56) had a VWF(Ag)/ADAMTS13 ratio ≥1.5 (P < .0001). Factor VIII and VWF(Ag) were elevated in 26% and 18%, respectively, and support a hypercoagulable state in some patients with PCS. These findings suggest possible ongoing microvascular/endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of PCS and suggest a role for antithrombotic therapy in the treatment of these patients.
Fluorine-18-Labelled Fluoropyridines: Advances in Radiopharmaceutical Design (2005)

Positron Emission Tomography is a high-resolution, sensitive, functional imaging technique, which can efficiently give access to the distribution, pharmacokinetics and -dynamics of a drug in vivo and which can therefore advantageously play a key-role in both drug discovery and development. This molecular imaging technique requires the preparation of a positron-emitting radiolabelled probe or radiotracer and for this purpose, fluorine-18 is becoming, more and more often, the radionuclide of choice (adequate physical and nuclear characteristics and potential wide use and -distribution of fluorine-18-labelled radiopharmaceuticals). Considering chemical structures showing a fluoropyridinyl moiety, nucleophilic heteroaromatic substitution at the ortho-position with no-carrier-added [18F]fluoride appears today as the most efficient method for the radiosynthesis of radiotracers and radiopharmaceuticals of high specific radioactivity when compared to homoaromatic-, but also aliphatic, nucleophilic radiofluorination. Like for the aliphatic nucleophilic radiofluorinations, only a good leaving group is required (a halogen, or better a nitro- or a trimethylammonium group). There is no need for an additional strong electron-withdrawing substituent for activation of the aromatic ring such as in the homoaromatic nucleophilic radiofluorinations, except if one considers meta-fluorination. Nucleophilic heteroaromatic substitution and consequent fluorine-18 incorporation are generally performed in DMSO with the no-carrier-added, activated K[18F]F-K222 complex using conventional heating at a moderately high temperature (120-150 degrees C) or microwave irradiation (100 Watt) for a short period of time (1-2 minutes) and often lead to high radiochemical yields. This review summarizes some of the recent applications of these nucleophilic heteroaromatic substitutions in the pyridine series and highlights its potential in the design (not seldom by hydrogen, hydroxyl or halogen replacement by fluorine) and preparation, of often drug-based, fluorine-18-labelled radiotracers and radiopharmaceuticals of high specific radioactivity for PET imaging.
Moving Mass Actuated Reentry Vehicle Control Based on Trajectory Linearization (2013)

The flight control of re-entry vehicles poses a challenge to conventional gain-scheduled flight controllers due to the widely spread aerodynamic coefficients. In addition, a wide range of uncertainties in disturbances must be accommodated by the control system. This paper presents the design of a roll channel controller for a non-axisymmetric reentry vehicle model using the trajectory linearization control (TLC) method. The dynamic equations of a moving mass system and roll control model are established using the Lagrange method. Nonlinear tracking and decoupling control by trajectory linearization can be viewed as the ideal gain-scheduling controller designed at every point along the flight trajectory. It provides robust stability and performance at all stages of the flight without adjusting controller gains. It is this "plug-and-play" feature that is highly preferred for developing, testing and routine operating of the re-entry vehicles. Although the controller is designed only for nominal aerodynamic coefficients, excellent performance is verified by simulation for wind disturbances and variations from -30% to +30% of the aerodynamic coefficients.
Modulation instability & Bragg soliton formation in a highly nonlinear As 2 S 3 waveguide Bragg grating (2008)

We observe modulational instability and pulse train generation in an integrated waveguide Bragg grating written in highly nonlinear chalcogenide glass. This Bragg soliton effect occurs at pulse energies 10,000 times lower than any previous reports.
Lithium Difluorophosphate As a Promising Electrolyte Lithium Additive for High-Voltage Lithium-Ion Batteries (2018)

Lithium difluorophosphate (LiDFP), the decomposition product of LiPF6, was evaluated in high-voltage LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2/graphite pouch cells. We report that conventional carbonate-based electrolytes containing 1 wt % LiDFP can notably enhance the cyclability and rate capability of the battery at 4.5 V. Its capacity retention maintained 92.6% after 100 cycles, whereas it is only 36.0% for the additive-free battery. Even after 200 cycles, the capacity retention remained 78.2%. The EIS measurements performed by three-electrode graphite/Li/LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 pouch batteries indicate that LiDFP can efficiently restrain the breakdown of the electrolyte on the LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 electrode surface and relieve the increase of cathode resistance. Additionally, a uniform and stable SEI film modified by LiDFP on the anode can effectively remit the electrode/electrolyte interfacial reaction and relieve the increase of anode resistance during cycling. Further evidence for the beneficial effect of LiDFP in inhibiting the dissolution of transition metal from the cathode under a high operating voltage is also found. On the basis of electrochemical methods and spectroscopic techniques, the enhancement in the high-voltage performance of the cell attributed to the LiDFP component can simultaneously modify the cathode and anode surfaces. Consequently, LiDFP is a promising electrolyte lithium additive for practical applications in high-energy lithium-ion cells.
Filiform Corrosion on Architectural Aluminium (1994)

Filiform corrosion was first detected on architectural aluminium in the early 1980s. Over the past decade the number of incidences has been small in relation to the number of projects which have been successfully enhanced and protected by organic coating systems. During this period use of painted aluminium has grown significantly to replace anodizing as the major finishing method in Europe. Reports of filiform have been largely limited to areas in Holland, Belgium and Germany, where a marine climate co‐exists with an industrial atmosphere.
Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of Pelargonium graveolens essential oil using rapid scanning quadrupole mass spectrometry (2003)

The analysis of Pelargonium graveolens essential oil is reported using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with quadrupole mass spectrometric detection (GC×GC-qMS). A spectral acquisition rate of 20 Hz was achieved by using a reduced mass scan range of 188 u. 65 components were identified within the two-dimensional separation space based upon retention index and mass spectral matching with literature data. Very high quality mass spectra were obtained, which facilitated accurate library matching, without the need for background correction. High efficiency in the short, fast-GC second dimension column was achieved by applying the principles of vacuum-GC. It is demonstrated that facile determination of the key citronellol : geraniol ratio and the amount of 10-epi-γ-eudesmol in geranium essential oils using GC×GC will be possible. The method should be generally suited to the analysis of similar essential oil samples.
Tributylphosphine: a remarkable acylation catalyst (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTributylphosphine: a remarkable acylation catalystE. Vedejs and S. T. DiverCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 8, 3358–3359Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00061a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00061a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2467Altmetric-Citations275LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts