gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Magmites - wireless resonant magnetic microrobots (2008)

Primary challenges in the building of untethered sub-millimeter sized robots include power supply, propulsion methods, and control. We present a novel type of microrobot termed Magmite that utilizes a new class of wireless magnetic actuator which accomplishes all three tasks. The device harvests magnetic energy from the environment and effectively transforms it into mechanical propulsion while being fully controllable. This microrobotic agent with dimensions less than 300 mum times 300 mum times 70 mum is capable of maneuvering with 3 degrees of freedom. A specially prepared substrate allows for adjustable speeds exceeding 12.5 mm/s or 42 times the robot's body length per second (see accompanying video). It is powered by oscillating fields in the kHz range and strengths as low as 2 mT - roughly 50 times the average Earth magnetic field.
Abstract 3243: Discovery of novel Rho kinase inhibitors: Hit generation and lead optimization (2011)

Abstract Rho associated protein kinases (ROCKs) are Ser/Thr kinases which require activation by small GTPases of the Rho family. ROCK is often found to be over expressed in ovarian, testicular, bladder, and pancreatic cancers. ROCK has been implicated in cell motility, adhesion, smooth muscle contraction and stress fiber formation. Inhibition of Rho kinase is a novel approach for the treatment of cardiovascular disease, CNS disorders, and, more recently, cancer. ROCK has received increased attention for its affect on cell adhesion and invasion, two key steps in metastasis. We detail the development of ROCK inhibitors from initial small molecule library screening and in-house HTS screening data. We report on the identification and resynthesis of one screening hit (ROCK1 IC50 38.5 ± 3.4 µM). Focused chemical libraries were developed and structure activity relationships will be described. All compounds have been screened in a Z-lyte kinase assay to determine their activity against both ROCK1 and ROCK2. Hit-to-lead optimization and SAR studies resulted in compounds capable of inhibiting ROCK1 at low nanomolar concentrations, RPM1510 (ROCK1 IC50 0.15 ± 0.02 µM) and RPM1533 (ROCK1 IC50 0.12 ± 0.02 µM). Progress in obtaining structural information by X-ray crystallography will be reported along with ROCK inhibitory data. Trends in isoform and kinase selectivity and potency will also be discussed. Members of this class have been shown to inhibit potently, in human lung cancer cells, the phosphorylation of MYPT1, a surrogate for ROCK activity in vivo. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3243. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3243
Anoxic induction of a sarcoma virus-related VL30 retrotransposon is mediated by a cis-acting element which binds hypoxia-inducible factor 1 and an anoxia-inducible factor (1995)

Cells exposed to hypoxia undergo substantial changes in gene expression generally associated with metabolic adaptation and increasing oxygen delivery. In contrast, responses distinct from those elicited by hypoxia are induced in anoxic fibroblasts; this includes activation of a set of VL30 elements. The responses seen in anoxically cultured fibroblasts are expressed physiologically in vivo during the anaerobic phase of wound healing. A fundamental question is whether transcriptional regulatory pathways utilized during anoxia are distinct from those already characterized for hypoxic cells. We report here the isolation of a 14-bp sequence within a VL30 retrotransposon promoter which mediates its anoxia responsiveness. Analyses of the protein complexes binding to this sequence demonstrated the presence of two distinct inducible DNA binding activities. The first is present in both hypoxic and anoxic fibroblasts and is indistinguishable from hypoxia-inducible factor 1. The second activity, which is present only in anoxic fibroblasts, is a previously uncharacterized heterodimeric DNA binding activity that appears to arise via posttranslational modification of an existing complex found in aerobic cells. These results indicate that the strong VL30 transcriptional induction seen with anoxia occurs through a mechanism specific to anoxia.
A Novel Growth-Promoting Factor Derived from Fetal Bovine Cartilage, Chondromodulin II (1996)

During endochondral bone formation, cartilage cells show increased matrix synthesis and rapid proliferation. We found that cartilage matrix contains at least two types of heparin binding growth-promoting components. One, with a higher affinity to heparin, was identified as chondromodulin I (Hiraki, Y., Tanaka, H., Inoue, H. , Kondo, J., Kamizono, A., and Suzuki, F. (1991) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 175, 871-977). In this study, we isolated a novel growth-promoting component, chondromodulin II, which has a lower heparin affinity, from the dissociative extracts of fetal bovine epiphyseal cartilage. Chondromodulin II stimulated the proteoglycan synthesis in rabbit cultured growth plate chondrocytes, an expression of the differentiated phenotype of chondrocytes. It also stimulated DNA synthesis in chondrocytes in both the absence and the presence of fibroblast growth factor-2. The apparent molecular mass of chondromodulin II on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was 16 kDa. Its complete amino acid sequence was determined by overlapping sequences of the peptides released by endopeptidase digestion and CNBr cleavage. Chondromodulin II consists of 133 amino acids (calculated Mr = 14,548). The sequence was unique but homologous to the repeats 1 and 2 of the deduced amino acid sequence of the chicken mim-1 gene, which is specifically transactivated by the v-Myb oncogene product in promyelocytes. We also found a minor component with a higher heparin affinity, chondromodulin III, in cartilage extracts. Chondromodulin III stimulated DNA synthesis in chondrocytes in vitro, and its N-terminal sequence was identical with ribosomal protein L31 lacking the N-terminal three amino acids. These findings suggest that the growth and differentiation of chondrocytes are regulated by multiple components in the cartilage matrix.
Pseudo‐random arterial modulation (PRAM): A novel arterial spin labeling approach to measure flow and blood transit times (2011)

PRAM does not require separate control and label acquisition as is common in arterial spin labeling (ASL) but rather measures the distribution of transit times to a voxel within one integrated scan. The PRAM method is a model-free approach in measuring transit time distributions, and therefore ultimately should provide more accurate perfusion measurements.
TGF‐β control of cell proliferation (2005)

This article focuses on recent findings that the type V TGF-beta receptor (TbetaR-V), which co-expresses with other TGF-beta receptors (TbetaR-I, TbetaR-II, and TbetaR-III) in all normal cell types studied, is involved in growth inhibition by IGFBP-3 and TGF-beta and that TGF-beta activity is regulated by two distinct endocytic pathways (clathrin- and caveolar/lipid-raft-mediated). TGF-beta is a potent growth inhibitor for most cell types, including epithelial and endothelial cells. The signaling by which TGF-beta controls cell proliferation is not well understood. Many lines of evidence indicate that other signaling pathways, in addition to the prominent TbetaR-I/TbetaR-II/Smad2/3/4 signaling cascade, are required for mediating TGF-beta-induced growth inhibition. Recent studies revealed that TbetaR-V, which is identical to LRP-1, mediates IGF-independent growth inhibition by IGFBP-3 and mediates TGF-beta-induced growth inhibition in concert with TbetaR-I and TbetaR-II. In addition, IRS proteins and a Ser/Thr-specific protein phosphatase(s) are involved in the TbetaR-V-mediated growth inhibitory signaling cascade. The TbetaR-V signaling cascade appears to cross-talk with the TbetaR-I/TbetaR-II, insulin receptor (IR), IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR), integrin and c-Met signaling cascades. Attenuation or loss of the TbetaR-V signaling cascade may enable carcinoma cells to escape from TGF-beta growth control and may contribute to the aggressiveness and invasiveness of these cells via promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transdifferentiation (EMT). Finally, the ratio of TGF-beta binding to TbetaR-II and TbetaR-I is a signal controlling TGF-beta partitioning between two distinct endocytosis pathways and resultant TGF-beta responsiveness. These recent studies have provided new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying TGF-beta-induced cellular growth inhibition, cross-talk between the TbetaR-V and other signaling cascades, the signal that controls TGF-beta responsiveness and the role of TbetaR-V in tumorigenesis.
Line scan diffusion imaging (1996)

A novel line scan diffusion imaging sequence (LSDI) is introduced. LSDI is inherently insensitive to motion artifacts and high quality diffusion maps of the brain can be obtained rapidly without the use of head restraints or cardiac gating. Results from a stroke study and abdominal diffusion images are presented. The results indicate that it is feasible to use the LSDI technique for clinical evaluation of acute ischemic stroke. In contrast to echo-planar diffusion imaging, LSDI does not require modified gradient hardware and can be implemented on conventional scanners. Thus, LSDI should dramatically increase the general availability of robust clinical diffusion imaging.
Vibratory tool with a vibration proof mechanism for the handle thereof (1984)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Masaaki Sekizawa, Yasuo Sasaki; Vibratory tool with a vibration proof mechanism for the handle thereof. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 May 1984; 75 (5): 1661. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.390788 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms for Diagnosis of Salt-Sensitive Hypertension (2006)

GRK4 gene variants are associated with SS and low-renin hypertension. However, the genetic model predicting SS hypertension is different from the model for low renin, suggesting genetic differences in these 2 phenotypes. Like low-renin testing, screening for GRK4 variants may be a useful diagnostic adjunct for detection of SS hypertension.
Application of Transaminases (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Occurrence and Properties of Transaminases Strategies for Using Transaminases in Biocatalysis Conclusions References
Model study on assessment of bone by ultrasonic guided waves through a varying layer of soft tissue (2008)

Propagation parameters of ultrasonic guided waves in long bones are sensitive to changes of the cortical thickness, which is one of bone parameters affected by osteoporosis. Meanwhile, the guided waves in bone can be masked by the longitudinal waves in the overlying soft tissues, especially in obese patients. The goal of this study was to explore a possibility to minimize the effect of soft tissue on quantitative assessment of propagation parameters of axial guided waves in long bones. Phantoms and animal bone fragments modeling the axial gradients of the cortical thickness in the human proximal tibia were used. The specimens were covered by a layer of soft tissue of varied thickness. Ultrasonic signals were acquired in the pulse mode at 0.1 MHz by the surface transmission. The specimens were scanned lengthwise and the acquired signals were plotted versus the scanned distance. Analysis of the obtained waveform profiles along the tested specimens allowed quantitative evaluation of the variations of the cortical thickness despite the presence of a 5-6 mm soft tissue layer. The ratio of the acoustic wavelength to the soft tissue layer thickness defines the level of the soft tissue effect.
Automated 3-dimensional elastic registration of whole-body PET and CT from separate or combined scanners. (2005)

We have presented a new and automated elastic registration algorithm to correct for nonrigid misalignments in whole-body PET/CT images as well as improve the "mechanical" registration of a combined PET/CT scanner. The algorithm performance was on par with the average opinion of 3 experts.
Dielectric Properties of Bisphenol A Polycarbonate and Its Tethered Nitrile Analogue (2013)

The relative permittivity and dielectric strength have been determined for a bisphenol A polycarbonate (BPA-PC), in which a cyanoethyl group has been substituted for one of the geminal dimethyl groups. The new material (CN-PC) has a glass transition temperature that is 19 K higher than that for BPA-PC. In addition, the dielectric strength of CN-PC, 405 V/μm, is somewhat smaller than that for BPA-PC, 620 V/μm. The relative permittivity was determined from 10 to 105 Hz over a wide temperature range and at pressures up to 0.25 GPa. While the real part of the relative permittivity at 103 Hz and room temperature for BPA-PC is about 3, that for CN-PC is found to be greater than 4. Correspondingly, the γ relaxation region in CN-PC is very strong. For the γ relaxation, a strong increase in peak height as temperature increases and a strong decrease in peak height as pressure increases are observed. A relaxation is found at temperatures higher than the γ relaxation. This process is labeled as the β relaxation because it appears to be related to the β relaxation in BPA-PC in that the strength and position depend on the history of the material. The effects of pressure on the γ relaxation for both CN-PC and BPA-PC are quite large and similar to those previously seen for the γ relaxation in a fluorinated tetraaryl bisphenol A polycarbonate (DiF p-TABPA-PC). In fact, the activation volume is found to be approximately the same for all three BPA-PC-based materials despite wide variations in both peak position and peak height. Finally, computer studies of the model compounds, 4,4′-diphenylpentanenitrile and diphenyl carbonate, were carried out. Both provide insight into the nature of the γ relaxation with the latter yielding an activation volume in approximate agreement with the experimental values.
Immunizations with Pneumococcal Surface Protein A and Pneumolysin Are Protective against Pneumonia in a Murine Model of Pulmonary Infection with<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (2003)

Intranasal infection of mice with certain strains of capsular group 19 Streptococcus pneumoniae can result in focal pneumonia in the absence of bacteremia. Using this model of murine pneumonia, we demonstrated that immunization with recombinant forms of either pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) or PdB (a genetically detoxified derivative of pneumolysin) elicited significant protection against focal pulmonary infection. This may be the first demonstration that a proposed vaccine antigen can protect against pneumococcal pneumonia. The best protection was obtained by immunizing mice with a mixture of PspA and PdB, indicating that the protection elicited by these antigens can complement each other. This result is in agreement with previous studies that used pneumococcal sepsis and nasal colonization models and demonstrate that the best protein vaccines for prevention of infection may be those that include more than one protection-eliciting pneumococcal protein.
Giant Tunneling Magnetoresistance in MgO-Based Magnetic Tunnel Junctions (2008)

A magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ), which consists of a thin insulating layer (a tunnel barrier) sandwiched between two ferromagnetic electrode layers, exhibits tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) due to spin-dependent electron tunneling. Since the discovery of room-temperature (RT) TMR effect in 1995, MTJs with an amorphous aluminum oxide (Al–O) tunnel barrier have been studied extensively. The Al–O-based MTJs exhibit magnetoresistance (MR) ratios up to about 70% at RT and are currently used in the read heads of hard disk drives and magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM). MTJs with MR ratios significantly higher than 70% at RT, however, are needed for next-generation spintronic devices. In 2001, first-principle theories predicted that the MR ratios of epitaxial Fe/MgO/Fe MTJs with a crystalline MgO(001) barrier would be over 1000% because of the coherent tunneling of fully spin-polarized Δ 1 electrons. In 2004, MR ratios of about 200% were obtained at RT in MTJs with a single-crystal MgO(001) barrier or a textured MgO(001) barrier. CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB MTJs for practical applications were also developed and found to have MR ratios up to 500% at RT. MgO-based MTJs are of great importance not only for device applications but also for clarifying the physics of spin-dependent tunneling.
Towards a characterization of white spaces databases errors (2014)

Spectrum regulators consider geo-location databases as the most reliable source of spectrum information for White Space Devices (WSDs). Geo-location databases protect TV band incumbents by keeping track of TV transmitters, and their protected service areas based on their location, transmission parameters, and sophisticated propagation models. However, propagation models inaccuracies can cause an overestimation of the protected area of TV transmitters leading to the inefficient usage of white spaces. In this paper, we present a large scale study, spanning an area of around 3000 km^2 over a driving path of around 190 km, showing that one of the most accurate propagation models, the Irregular Terrain Model (IMT), overestimates the signal power by up to 97% of the time. Based on this study, we provide a characterization of spectrum sensory readings that can be used to amend the prediction of propagation models. This characterization allows spectrum sensors to detect the absence of white spaces with a fairly high threshold of -84 dbm, which enables low cost and accurate spectrum sensing. Furthermore, we present the initial design of SPOC, a system that combines spectrum sensing and propagation modeling in order to better detect white spaces.
Design of pyrimido[4,5-g]quinazoline-based anthraquinone mimics. Structure-activity relationship for quinone methide formation and the influence of internal hydrogen bonds on quinone methide fate (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDesign of pyrimido[4,5-g]quinazoline-based anthraquinone mimics. Structure-activity relationship for quinone methide formation and the influence of internal hydrogen bonds on quinone methide fateRobert H. Lemus and Edward B. SkiboCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 21, 5649–5660Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00047a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00047a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1248Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Carcinoma-risk variant of EBNA1 deregulates Epstein-Barr Virus episomal latency (2017)

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) latent infection is a causative co-factor for endemic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC). NPC-associated variants have been identified in EBV-encoded nuclear antigen EBNA1. Here, we solve the X-ray crystal structure of an NPC-derived EBNA1 DNA binding domain (DBD) and show that variant amino acids are found on the surface away from the DNA binding interface. We show that NPC-derived EBNA1 is compromised for DNA replication and episome maintenance functions. Recombinant virus containing the NPC EBNA1 DBD are impaired in their ability to immortalize primary B-lymphocytes and suppress lytic transcription during early stages of B-cell infection. We identify Survivin as a host protein deficiently bound by the NPC variant of EBNA1 and show that Survivin depletion compromises EBV episome maintenance in multiple cell types. We propose that endemic variants of EBNA1 play a significant role in EBV-driven carcinogenesis by altering key regulatory interactions that destabilize latent infection.
Relating pore hydrophilicity with vapour adsorption capacity in a series of amino acid based metal organic frameworks (2013)

A new Zn based porous homochiral metal–organic framework, ThrZnOAc, belonging to unh topology, has been synthesized using pyridyl functionalized threonine and Zn(OAc)2 as the metal precursor. Stepwise substitution of the homochiral MOF backbone by simply changing the sidearm of the amino acids (isopropyl in the case of valine, methyl in alanine and hydroxyethyl in threonine) resulted in increased water adsorption in ThrZnOAc compared to the previously reported ValZnOAc/AlaZnOAc. Extensive solvent sorption isotherms (water, methanol, isopropanol and toluene) have been carried out, which revealed high solvophilic interaction with polar solvents in ThrZnOAc due to the polar pore [2-hydroxyethyl {–CH(OH)CH3} sidearm of the amino acid], which is not prominent in the corresponding valine/alanine counterparts. The aforementioned functionalization in a series of isostructural amino acid based MOFs with the only difference being in the sidearm and their emergence as enhanced solvophilic materials is unprecedented in the MOF literature.
Small-molecule inhibitors reveal multiple strategies for Hedgehog pathway blockade (2009)

Inappropriate activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway has been implicated in a diverse spectrum of cancers, and its pharmacological blockade has emerged as an anti-tumor strategy. While nearly all known Hh pathway antagonists target the transmembrane protein Smoothened (Smo), small molecules that suppress downstream effectors could more comprehensively remediate Hh pathway-dependent tumors. We report here four Hh pathway antagonists that are epistatic to the nucleocytoplasmic regulator Suppressor of Fused [Su(fu)], including two that can inhibit Hh target gene expression induced by overexpression of the Gli transcription factors. Each inhibitor has a unique mechanism of action, and their phenotypes reveal that Gli processing, Gli activation, and primary cilia formation are pharmacologically targetable. We further establish the ability of certain compounds to block the proliferation of cerebellar granule neuron precursors expressing an oncogenic form of Smo, and we demonstrate that Hh pathway inhibitors can have tissue-specific activities. These antagonists therefore constitute a valuable set of chemical tools for interrogating downstream Hh signaling mechanisms and for developing chemotherapies against Hh pathway-related cancers.