gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Elaborated Multi-Branched Model of Human Arteries (2011)

Blood pressure pulse wave is propagated from heart to peripheral blood vessels with changing its waveform according to characteristics of pass way. Dynamic characteristics of total arteries have been investigated by wave equation on multi-branched arterial model. Some diseases, such as an abdominal aortic aneurysm, can be predicted by using the relation between the pulse waveform and arterial stiffness. The aim of this research is to propose a new method to detect such diseases based on the pulse wave propagation model on an arterial tree. In this paper, influences of tissue surrounding an artery, model of peripheral arteries and elasticity of arteries are investigated to elaborate a multi-branched arterial model of human body.
Antioxidant activity of flavonol aglycones and their glycosides in methyl linoleate (1999)

Abstract The antioxidant activities of the flavonol aglycones, quercetin and myricetin, and their selected glycosides were compared in bulk methyl linoleate oxidized at 40°C. Methyl linoleate hydroperoxide formation, hydroperoxide isomer distribution, and ketodiene formation were followed by using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The aglycones, quercetin and myricetin, were consistently more active in bulk methyl linoleate than their glycosides and more active than α‐tocopherol at 500 and 1000 µM. At 50 µM, the order of activity was myricetin > α‐tocopherol > quercetin, and the order of activity of quercetin and its derivatives was quercetin > quercitrin > isoquercitrin > rutin. Myricitrin was slightly less active than myricetin. The sugar moiety was shown to have a marked effect on the antioxidant activity of flavonols. The rhamnoside derivatives, quercitrin and myricitrin, both possessed activity close to that of their corresponding aglycones. The different activities of glycosides could be partly explained by different solubilities and by differences in oxidizability of glycosides containing a monosaccharide or disaccharide at the C 3 position. The effect on hydroperoxide isomer distribution indicates that α‐tocopherol was a more effective hydrogen donor than flavonoids, although flavonoids were more effective in inhibiting oxidation of methyl linoleate.
Low-Cost Dual Rotating Infrared Sensor for Mobile Robot Swarm Applications (2011)

This paper presents a novel low-cost position detection prototype from practical design to implementation of its control schemes. This prototype is designed to provide mobile robot swarms with advanced sensing capabilities in an efficient, cost-effective way. From the observation of bats' foraging behaviors, the prototype with a particular emphasis on variable rotation range and speed, as well as 360° observation capability has been developed. The prototype also aims at giving each robot reliable information about identification of neighboring robots from objects and their positions. For this purpose, an observation algorithm-based sensor is proposed. The implementation details are explained, and the effectiveness of the control schemes is verified through extensive experiments. The sensor provides real-time location of stationary targets positioned 100 cm away within an average error of 2.6 cm. Moreover, experimental results show that the prototype observation capability can be quite satisfactory for practical use of mobile robot swarms.
Numerical study of an apertureless near field scanning optical microscope probe under radial polarization illumination (2007)

An axially symmetric three-dimensional finite element method model is applied to investigate the electromagnetic field distribution in the vicinity of a silver coated glass tip. Under radially polarized illumination, a strongly enhanced field located at the apex of the tip is found due to the constructive interference of surface plasmon propagating at the air/silver interface. The enhancement factor and surface plasmon resonance excitation are analyzed systematically. The optimal condition for field enhancement is investigated through the exploration of different taper angles of the tip and the illumination geometry. The numerical studies show that a significantly enhanced localized electromagnetic field with a full-width-half-maximum of 10 nm is obtainable with 632.8 nm optical excitation.
Palladium-catalyzed heteroannulation of [60]fullerene with N-(2-arylethyl) sulfonamides via C–H bond activation (2014)

The palladium-catalyzed heteroannulation of [60]fullerene with<italic>N</italic>-(2-arylethyl) sulfonamides<italic>via</italic>C–H activation affords [60]fullerene-fused tetrahydrobenzazepines, which can be further functionalized.
Contextual life stress and coping strategies as predictors of adjustment to breast cancer survivorship (2006)

Although cross-sectional relationships between life stress and adjustment were demonstrated, findings suggest that contextual life stress does not appear to have a direct influence on change in adjustment in the first year after breast cancer treatment. Instead, life stress interacted with cancer-specific coping to predict adjustment, such that cancer-specific emotional approach coping was adaptive only under conditions of low contextual life stress.
A mutant CHS3 protein with TIR‐NB‐LRR‐LIM domains modulates growth, cell death and freezing tolerance in a temperature‐dependent manner in <i>Arabidopsis</i> (2010)

Low temperature is one of environmental factors that restrict plant growth homeostasis and plant-pathogen interactions. Recent studies suggest a link between temperature responses and defense responses; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, the chilling sensitive 3 (chs3-1) mutant in Arabidopsis was characterized. chs3-1 plants showed arrested growth and chlorosis when grown at 16 degrees C or when shifted from 22 to 4 degrees C. chs3-1 plants also exhibited constitutively activated defense responses at 16 degrees C, which were alleviated at a higher temperature (22 degrees C). Map-based cloning of CHS3 revealed that it encodes an unconventional disease resistance (R) protein belonging to the TIR-NB-LRR class with a zinc-binding LIM domain (Lin-11, Isl-1 and Mec-3 domains) at the carboxyl terminus. The chs3-1 mutation in the conserved LIM-containing domain led to the constitutive activation of the TIR-NB-LRR domain. Consistently, the growth and defense phenotypes of chs3-1 plants were completely suppressed by eds1, sgt1b and rar1, partially by pad4 and nahG, but not by npr1 and ndr1. Intriguingly, chs3-1 plants grown at 16 degrees C showed enhanced tolerance to freezing temperatures. This tolerance was correlated with growth defect and cell death phenotypes caused by activated defense responses. Other mutants with activated defense responses, including cpr1, cpr5 and slh1 also displayed enhanced freezing tolerance. These findings revealed a role of an unconventional mutant R gene in plant growth, defense response and cold stress, suggesting a mutual interaction between cold signaling and defense responses.
Mechanical properties of chicken feather fibers (2011)

Abstract Chicken feather fibers (CFFs) are attractive for composite applications. In this study, mechanical properties of the feather barbs were investigated statistically. The strain at break of CFFs had a Gaussian distribution with a mean value of 6.93%. The tensile modulus of CFFs was 3.59 ± 1.09 GPa and average tensile strength was 203 ± 74 MPa, respectively. Both tensile modulus and tensile strength among different feathers were significantly different. The failure of the CFFs followed a Weibull distribution with a scale parameter value of 178.7 MPa and a shape parameter value of 2.32. Overall, the well‐investigated mechanical properties of the CFFs are beneficial for the further study of its applications in composite materials. POLYM. COMPOS., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Passivation of Aluminum in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrolytes with LiBOB (2006)

A combination of cyclic polarization tests, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) measurements indicate a film is formed when aluminum is polarized above 4.5V in 1:1 EC+DMC with 1M LiBOB. The quantity of film that is formed increases with increasing applied potential. Results of EQCM tests suggest the film is AlBO{sub 3}. The film is very protective against corrosion and inhibits pitting corrosion of aluminum in normally corrosive 1M LiTFSI.
The Teupitz Shunt Classification for CHIVA Strategy (2023)

Venous hypertension, caused by venous reflux, often leads to heaviness, swelling, and pain in the legs.However, the hemodynamics of venous flow are complex and incomprehensible, with a frequently unclear correlation between reflux and symptoms.Regarding treatment options, removal of saphenous veins (SVs) based on a few seconds of reflux can adversely affect patients.Further, indiscriminate removal of SVs in aging populations may complicate future treatment of arterial diseases.Patients should be treated selectively based on ultrasound examinations and hemodynamic principles.The CHIVA strategy, which involves treating patients without removing SVs, is a potential treatment option for patients with mild chronic venous insufficiency.In this context, we introduce the Teupitz shunt classification, which forms the basis for hemodynamic correction.(
Determination of optical fiber refractive index profiles by a near-field scanning technique (1976)

A simple and rapid method is described for determining the refractive index profile of an optical fiber by observation of the near-field intensity distribution. It is shown that in many cases the presence of tunnelling leaky modes is unavoidable and that these cause a length-dependent error in the measurement. A correction factor is developed which may be applied to the measured intensity profile once the fiber length, core diameter, and numerical aperture are known. Examples are given of measurements made on both step and graded-index fibers.
Ultrasensitive Gas-Phase Chemical Sensing Based on Functionalized Photonic Crystal Nanobeam Cavities (2013)

Photonic crystal nanobeam cavities with high-quality factors are very sensitive to the changes of the dielectric properties of their surroundings. Utilizing this high sensitivity and by applying chemical functionalization, an ultrasensitive chemical sensor for gases based on a nanobeam cavity was demonstrated. A limit of detection of 1.5 parts-per-billion (ppb) in ambient conditions, determined from the noise level of the system, was achieved for nerve agent simulant methyl salicylate. The nanobeam cavity's nonlinear thermo-optical bistability is also utilized to realize a threshold detector for cumulative chemical exposure.
Pluripotent Stem Cells for Cardiac Cell Therapy: The Application of Cell Sheet Technology (2013)

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide despite many years of declining mortality rates in the Western world [1,2]. Myocardial infarction carries a short term mortality rate of about 7% even with aggressive therapy, and congestive heart failure with even more distressing 20% one-year mortality [3]. Despite significant advances in therapeutic modalities and risk-reduction strategies, the substantial burden remains. This continued health problem has prompted research into new therapeutic strategies including cardiac regenerative therapy as a new approach for severe cardiac diseases resistant to conventional therapies [4,5].
Photoredox-Catalyzed Ketyl–Olefin Coupling for the Synthesis of Substituted Chromanols (2016)

A visible light photoredox-catalyzed aldehyde olefin cyclization is reported. The method represents a formal hydroacylation of alkenes and alkynes and provides chromanol derivatives in good yields. The protocol takes advantage of the double role played by trialkylamines (NR3) which act as (i) electron donors for reducing the catalyst and (ii) proton donors to activate the substrate via a proton-coupled electron transfer.
Humoral Immune Response Patterns of Human Mucosae: Induction and Relation to Bacterial Respiratory Tract Infections (1992)

Immunoglobulin-producing cells in mucosal tissues, quantitatively the body's most important humoral immune system, synthesize mainly dimers and larger polymers of IgA (poly-IgA) with incorporated J (joining) chain. Poly-IgA is actively transported to exocrine secretions by a transmembrane epithelial glycoprotein called secretory component. Enhancing secretory immunity by oral vaccination is an interesting possibility, but mucosal antigen uptake and local immune regulation are complex and only partly understood. Immunoglobulin isotype response patterns in the upper respiratory mucosa and distal gut are strikingly different. The preferential production of IgA1 in nasal and bronchial mucosae is intriguing in view of the frequent synthesis of IgA1-specific proteases by Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Neisseria meningitidis. A relationship of proneness to produce invasive disease and enzymatically induced deterioration of secretory immunity has been proposed. Differences in mucosal immune response patterns among patients with selective IgA deficiency or IgG subclass deficiencies also suggest that local humoral immunity is an important variable in resistance to infections.
Hypoxia-induced mobilization of NHE6 to the plasma membrane triggers endosome hyperacidification and chemoresistance (2017)

The pH-dependent partitioning of chemotherapeutic drugs is a fundamental yet understudied drug distribution mechanism that may underlie the low success rates of current approaches to counter multidrug resistance (MDR). This mechanism is influenced by the hypoxic tumour microenvironment and results in selective trapping of weakly basic drugs into acidified compartments such as the extracellular environment. Here we report that hypoxia not only leads to acidification of the tumour microenvironment but also induces endosome hyperacidification. The acidity of the vesicular lumen, together with the alkaline pH of the cytoplasm, gives rise to a strong intracellular pH gradient that drives intravesicular drug trapping and chemoresistance. Endosome hyperacidification is due to the relocalization of the Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> exchanger isoform 6 (NHE6) from endosomes to the plasma membrane, an event that involves binding of NHE6 to the activated protein kinase C-receptor for activated C kinase 1 complex. These findings reveal a novel mechanism of hypoxia-induced MDR that involves the aberrant intracellular distribution of NHE6.
Association of HLA types A1-B8-DR3 and B27 with rapid and slow progression of HIV disease (1996)

We examined how HLA types A1-B8-DR3 and B27 were related to progression of clinical disease and rate of loss of CD4 lymphocytes in the Edinburgh City Hospital cohort of HIV-positive patients, mainly injection drug users. Patients (n = 692) were prospectively followed from 1985 through March 1994. Accurately estimated seroconversion times were determined retrospectively for a subgroup of 313 (45%). Of 262 patients (39%) who were fully or partially HLA typed, 155 (50%) had known seroconversions. Of 34 patients typed positive for A1-B8-DR3, 29 progressed to CDC stage IV, 22 to AIDS and 20 died. Twelve patients were typed positive for B27; six of these progressed to CDC stage IV, one to AIDS and none died. In a proportional hazards analysis of the 313 patients with known seroconversions, A1-B8-DR3 was significantly associated with covariate-adjusted relative risks of 3.7 (95% CI 1.9-7.2), 3.1 (1.6-6.0) and 1.9 (1.1-3.2) for progression from seroconversion to death, AIDS and CDC stage IV, respectively. Events for B27 were too rare to include B27 in analyses to death and AIDS, but B27 was significantly associated with slower progression to CDC stage IV (0.3, CI 0.1-0.9). Random effects growth curve models were used to estimate individual rates of loss of square root CD4 count and loss of CD4 percentage, for 603 and 617 patients, respectively. A1-B8-DR3 was associated with rapid loss of both markers (p = 0.02 and p = 0.01, respectively); B27 was associated with slow loss of both markers (p = 0.04 and p < 0.005).
Stress-anneal-induced magnetic anisotropy in highly textured Fe-Ga and Fe-Al magnetostrictive strips for bending-mode vibrational energy harvesters (2016)

Magnetostrictive Fe-Ga and Fe-Al alloys are promising materials for use in bending-mode vibrational energy harvesters. For this study, 50.8 mm × 5.0 mm × 0.5 mm strips of Fe-Ga and Fe-Al were cut from 0.50-mm thick rolled sheet. An atmospheric anneal was used to develop a Goss texture through an abnormal grain growth process. The anneal lead to large (011) grains that covered over 90% of sample surface area. The resulting highly-textured Fe-Ga and Fe-Al strips exhibited saturation magnetostriction values (λsat = λ∥ − λ⊥) of ∼280 ppm and ∼130 ppm, respectively. To maximize 90° rotation of magnetic moments during bending of the strips, we employed compressive stress annealing (SA). Samples were heated to 500°C, and a 100-150 MPa compressive stress was applied while at 500°C for 30 minutes and while being cooled. The effectiveness of the SA on magnetic moment rotation was inferred by comparing post-SA magnetostriction with the maximum possible yield of rotated magnetic moments, which is achieved when λ∥ = λsat and λ⊥ = 0. The uniformity of the SA along the sample length and the impact of the SA on sensing/energy harvesting performance were then assessed by comparing pre- and post-SA bending-stress-induced changes in magnetization at five different locations along the samples. The SA process with a 150 MPa compressive load improved Fe-Ga actuation along the sample length from 170 to 225 ppm (from ∼60% to within ∼80% of λsat). The corresponding sensing/energy harvesting performance improved by as much as a factor of eight in the best sample, however the improvement was not at all uniform along the sample length. The SA process with a 100 MPa compressive load improved Fe-Al actuation along the sample length from 60 to 73 ppm (from ∼46% to ∼56% of λsat, indicating only a marginally effective SA and suggesting the need for modification of the SA protocol. In spite of this, the SA was effective at improving the sensing/energy harvesting performance by a factor of ∼2.5 in the best sample. As with the Fe-Ga strip, improvement in performance was quite varied along the strip length.
In liver fibrosis, dendritic cells govern hepatic inflammation in mice via TNF-α (2009)

Hepatic fibrosis occurs during most chronic liver diseases and is driven by inflammatory responses to injured tissue. Because DCs are central to modulating liver immunity, we postulated that altered DC function contributes to immunologic changes in hepatic fibrosis and affects the pathologic inflammatory milieu within the fibrotic liver. Using mouse models, we determined the contribution of DCs to altered hepatic immunity in fibrosis and investigated the role of DCs in modulating the inflammatory environment within the fibrotic liver. We found that DC depletion completely abrogated the elevated levels of many inflammatory mediators that are produced in the fibrotic liver. DCs represented approximately 25% of the fibrotic hepatic leukocytes and showed an elevated CD11b+CD8- fraction, a lower B220+ plasmacytoid fraction, and increased expression of MHC II and CD40. Moreover, after liver injury, DCs gained a marked capacity to induce hepatic stellate cells, NK cells, and T cells to mediate inflammation, proliferation, and production of potent immune responses. The proinflammatory and immunogenic effects of fibrotic DCs were contingent on their production of TNF-alpha. Therefore, modulating DC function may be an attractive approach to experimental therapeutics in fibro-inflammatory liver disease.
Theoretical and Experimental Reevaluation of Synchronous Reluctance Machine (2009)

This paper theoretically introduces and develops a new operation diagram (OPD) and parameter estimator for the synchronous reluctance machine (SynRM). The OPD demonstrates the behavior of the machine's main performance parameters, such as torque, current, voltage, frequency, flux, power factor (PF), and current angle, all in one graph. This diagram can easily be used to describe different control strategies, possible operating conditions, both below- and above-rated speeds, etc. The saturation effect is also discussed with this diagram by finite-element-method calculations. A prototype high-performance SynRM is designed for experimental studies, and then, both machines' [corresponding induction machine (IM)] performances at similar loading and operation conditions are tested, measured, and compared to demonstrate the potential of SynRM. The laboratory measurements (on a standard 15-kW Eff1 IM and its counterpart SynRM) show that SynRM has higher efficiency, torque density, and inverter rating and lower rotor temperature and PF in comparison to IM at the same winding-temperature-rise condition. The measurements show that the torque capability of SynRM closely follows that of IM.
Pretransplant Antithymocyte Globulin Has Increased Efficacy in Controlling Donor-Reactive Memory T Cells in Mice (2013)

Antibody-mediated lymphocyte depletion is frequently used as induction therapy in sensitized transplant patients. Although T cells with an effector/memory phenotype remain detectable after lymphoablative therapies in human transplant recipients, the role of preexisting donor-reactive memory in reconstitution of the T cell repertoire and induction of alloimmune responses following lymphoablation is poorly understood. We show in a mouse cardiac transplantation model that antidonor immune responses following treatment with rabbit antimouse thymocyte globulin (mATG) were dominated by T cells derived from the preexisting memory compartment. Administration of mATG 1 week prior to transplantation (pre-TP) was more efficient in targeting preexisting donor-reactive memory T cells, inhibiting overall antidonor T cell responses, and prolonging heart allograft survival than the commonly used treatment at the time of transplantation (peri-TP). The failure of peri-TP mATG to control antidonor memory responses was due to faster recovery of preexisting memory T cells rather than their inefficient depletion. This rapid recovery did not depend on T cell specificity for donor alloantigens suggesting an important role for posttransplant inflammation in this process. Our findings provide insights into the components of the alloimmune response remaining after lymphoablation and may help guide the future use of ATG in sensitized transplant recipients.