gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quercetin, an <i>in vitro</i> inhibitor of CYP3A, does not contribute to the interaction between nifedipine and grapefruit juice (1993)

Quercetin, a flavonoid present in various fruits, is a potent in vitro inhibitor of CYP3A. Its role in the reported interaction between grapefruit juice and nifedipine has been determined in vivo in humans. Eight healthy volunteers were given in random order 10 mg nifedipine orally, either alone or with 200 ml double strength grapefruit juice, or with 400 mg quercetin. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) for nifedipine with grapefruit juice (mean 320 ng ml(-1) h) was increased significantly (P < 0.01) compared with the AUC when nifedipine was given alone (mean 218 ng ml(-1) h). The time to peak plasma concentration for nifedipine with grapefruit juice (1.5 h) was also increased (P < 0.05) compared with control (0.5 h) suggesting delayed absorption. Although quercetin delayed the time to peak nifedipine concentration (1.3 h) it did not alter the AUC of either the parent drug (mean 209 ng ml(-1) h) or its first-pass metabolite. The results suggest that quercetin does not contribute to the effects of grapefruit juice (which contains <10 mg of quercetin 200 ml(-1)) on the metabolism of nifedipine. Oral doses of quercetin, similar to those possible from the ingestion of other fruits such as strawberries, do not produce in vivo inhibition of CYP3A mediated metabolism of nifedipine.
Teledermatology in a Capitated Delivery System Using Distributed Information Architecture: Design and Development (1999)

This novel approach shows promise for the delivery of specialist expertise via the internet. Cost-effectiveness studies may be necessary for more widespread implementation.
Differential adhesiveness of rhabdomyosarcoma-derived cloned metastatic cell lines to vascular endothelial monolayers. (1986)

A series of 11 cloned cell lines derived from a primary, nickel-induced rat rhabdomyosarcoma was evaluated for their metastatic capacity (number of lung colonies following i.v. injection) and attachment kinetics to confluent pig endothelial cell monolayers grown in vitro. The morphology of the adhering cells was also studied by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Cells from all lines tested began to attach to the endothelial monolayers within 15 min of incubation at 37 degrees C, with 64% to 93% of the cells adhering after 2 h. Attachment rates at 30 min ranged from 29 to 48% for four lines classed as "weakly adhesive" (attachment, less than 50%) and from 53 to 78% for seven lines classed as "highly adhesive" (attachment, greater than 50%). Four clones of five displaying low lung-colonizing capacities also showed low attachment rates to endothelial monolayers in vitro. All of six highly colonizing lines studied had high attachment rates. A degree of positive correlation was observed between the amount of cell surface fibronectin as evaluated by immunofluorescence and the early phase attachment rates (and lung-colonizing capabilities) of the different cloned cell lines. Early (15 min) attachment of tumor cells to isolated extracellular matrix preparations proceeded at higher rates than to endothelial monolayers, and previously detected differences between high- and low-colonizing clones were less evident with these matrix substrates. Our results suggest possible interrelationships between specific cell adhesion properties and the metastatic potential of blood-borne tumor cells.
Flow-Assurance Modeling: Reality Check and Aspects of Transient Operations of Gas/Condensate Pipelines (2007)

Summary Statoil operates a number of gas/condensate pipelines in the North Sea. This paper focuses on experience gained from operation and simulation, up to and including the tail end, of the 150-km-long, 22-in. Huldra-to-Heimdal pipeline. During initial production at Huldra, the liquid accumulation was higher than predicted by modeling. Additionally, liquid surge waves not found in simulations were observed at the receiving facility. These findings were challenging, resulting from very low-liquid surge capacity in the receiving facility, and the minimum flow rate was increased. Investigations were carried out to explain the observations, and it was determined that condensate carryover in the Huldra scrubber significantly influenced the condensate content in the pipeline. The pipeline has now entered the tail-end production phase. Because of the high liquid content at low production rates, water/monoethylene glycol (MEG) no longer reaches the receiving facility on a regular basis, causing local hydrate problems at Heimdal and a lack of MEG for reinjection. Simulations show that cyclic operation of the receiving facility will transport water/MEG out of the pipeline on a more regular basis. This change in operating philosophy was an available option that Statoil did not have to implement.
The Spermatogenic Ig Superfamily/Synaptic Cell Adhesion Molecule Mast-Cell Adhesion Molecule Promotes Interaction with Nerves (2005)

Nerve-mast cell interaction is involved in both homeostatic and pathologic regulations. The molecules that sustain this association have not been identified. Because synaptic cell adhesion molecule (SynCAM), alternatively named spermatogenic Ig superfamily (SgIGSF), is expressed on both nerves and mast cells and because it binds homophilically, this molecule may be a candidate. To examine this possibility, mast cells with or without SgIGSF/SynCAM were cocultured with superior cervical ganglion neurons that express SgIGSF/SynCAM, and the number of mast cells attached to neurites was counted. The attachment of mast cells with SgIGSF/SynCAM, i.e., bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC) from wild-type mice, was inhibited dose-dependently by blocking Ab to SgIGSF/SynCAM. Mast cells without SgIGSF/SynCAM, i.e., BMMC from microphthalmia transcription factor-deficient mice and BMMC-derived cell line IC-2 cells, were defective in attachment to neurite, and transfection with SgIGSF/SynCAM normalized this. When the nerves were specifically activated by scorpion venom, one-quarter of the attached IC-2 cells mobilized Ca(2+) after a few dozen seconds, and ectopic SgIGSF/SynCAM doubled this proportion. At points of contact between neurites and wild-type BMMC, SgIGSF/SynCAM was locally concentrated in both neurites and BMMC. SgIGSF/SynCAM on mast cells appeared to predominantly mediate attachment and promote communication with nerves.
Metacognition in human decision-making: confidence and error monitoring (2012)

People are capable of robust evaluations of their decisions: they are often aware of their mistakes even without explicit feedback, and report levels of confidence in their decisions that correlate with objective performance. These metacognitive abilities help people to avoid making the same mistakes twice, and to avoid overcommitting time or resources to decisions that are based on unreliable evidence. In this review, we consider progress in characterizing the neural and mechanistic basis of these related aspects of metacognition-confidence judgements and error monitoring-and identify crucial points of convergence between methods and theories in the two fields. This convergence suggests that common principles govern metacognitive judgements of confidence and accuracy; in particular, a shared reliance on post-decisional processing within the systems responsible for the initial decision. However, research in both fields has focused rather narrowly on simple, discrete decisions-reflecting the correspondingly restricted focus of current models of the decision process itself-raising doubts about the degree to which discovered principles will scale up to explain metacognitive evaluation of real-world decisions and actions that are fluid, temporally extended, and embedded in the broader context of evolving behavioural goals.
Scalable Transaction Management with Snapshot Isolation on Cloud Data Management Systems (2012)

We address the problem of building scalable transaction management mechanisms for multi-row transactions on key-value storage systems. We develop scalable techniques for transaction management utilizing the snapshot isolation (SI)model. Because the SI model can lead to non-serializable transaction executions, we investigate two conflict detection techniques for ensuring serializability under SI. To support scalability, we investigate system models and mechanisms in which the transaction management functions are decoupled from the storage system and integrated with the application-level processes. We present two system models and demonstrate their scalability under the scale-out paradigm of Cloud computing platforms. In the first system model, all transaction management functions are executed in a fully decentralized manner by the application processes. The second model is based on a hybrid approach in which the conflict detection techniques are implemented by a dedicated service. We perform a comparative evaluation of these models using the TPC-C benchmark and demonstrate their scalability.
Methods to Improve Combustion Stability, Efficiency, and Power Density of a Small, Port-Injected, Spark-Ignited, Two-Stroke Natural Gas Engine (2017)

Two-stroke engines are often used for their low cost, simplicity, and power density. However, these engines suffer efficiency penalties due to fuel short-circuiting. Increasing power density has previously been an area of focus for performance two-stroke engines — such as in dirt bikes. Smaller-displacement engines have also been used to power remote controlled cars, boats, and aircraft. These engines typically rely on gasoline or higher-octane liquid fuels. However, natural gas is an inherently knock-resistant fuel and small natural gas engines and generators could see increased market penetration. Power generators typically operate at a fixed frequency with varied load, which can take advantage of intake and exhaust system tuning. In addition, stationary engines may not be subject to size restrictions of optimal intake and exhaust systems. This paper examines methods to improve combustion stability, efficiency, and power density of a 29cc air-cooled two-stroke engine converted to operate on natural gas. Initial conversion showed significant penalties on delivery ratio, which lowered power density and efficiency. To overcome these issues a tuned intake pipe, two exhaust resonators, and a combustion dome were designed and tested. The engine was operated at 5400 RPM and fueling was adjusted to yield maximum brake-torque (MBT). All tests were conducted under wide-open throttle conditions. The intake and exhaust systems were designed based on Helmholtz resonance theory and empirical data. The engine utilized a two-piece cylinder head with removable combustion dome. The combustion dome was modified for optimal compression ratio while decreasing squish area and volume. With all designs incorporated, power increased from 0.22 kW to 1.07 kW — a factor of 4.86. Efficiency also increased from 7% to 12%. In addition to these performance gains, the coefficient of variation (COV) of indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) decreased from just above 11% to less than 4%.
Characterization of T Cell Subpopulations Involved in the Pathogenesis of Asthma and Allergic Diseases (2000)

Allergic asthma is a complex and heterogeneous disease which is characterized by intermittent reversible airway obstruction, chronic inflammation of the airways, bronchial hyperreactivity and an infiltration of lymphocytes and eosinophils into the airway submucosa. Animal models and clinical studies in humans have indicated an important role for T helper type 2 lymphocytes, producing IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, in the pathogenesis of this disorder. However, although IL-4 and IL-13 have strong anti-inflammatory properties, the physiologic anti-inflammatory Th2 response does not seem to be operational in allergic asthma. Moreover, the induction of a Th1 response seems to aggravate, rather than ameliorate, its inflammatory character. This article will focus on the involvement of T lymphocyte subpopulations in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma and allergic diseases. In addition, a potential role of the subpopulation(s) of T regulatory cells in the induction and/or maintaince of the disease process will be discussed.
c-myc oncogene expression in colorectal cancer (1987)

The pattern of c-myc gene organization and expression has been examined in resected colonic tumors and in the adjacent normal colon from 15 patients undergoing radical surgery. DNA hybridization showed no evidence of gene amplification or rearrangement. Transcripts of the c-myc messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) were elevated up to 32-fold in 12 of 15 tumors. The gene product, p62c-myc, was detected by both immunoblotting and immunohistology using a monoclonal antibody raised against a synthetic peptide immunogen. There was close correlation between c-myc mRNA copy number and p62c-myc abundance. Three well differentiated tumors contained high levels of transcript and protein, whereas four poorly differentiated tumors had the lowest levels. The assay of oncogene products may provide new biologically relevant tumor markers for determining prognosis and guiding treatment.
[Clinical evaluation of prophylactic sclerotherapy for esophageal varices in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma--based on patients treated with transcatheter arterial embolization]. (1995)

A clinical study on efficacy of prophylactic sclerotherapy for esophageal varices was carried out on 220 patients with unresectable hepatoma treated with TAE. They were classified into 3 groups: 1) Prophylactic group with prophylactic sclerotherapy for RC sign positive varices (45 cases), 2) Non-prophylactic group with RC sign positive varices without prophylactic sclerotherapy (31 cases), 3) RC negative group in which RC sign was negative in whole time (144 cases). Although atypical RC sign or venous dilatation was noticed in 54% of patients in prophylactic group at 1-year after sclerotherapy, cumulative bleeding rates after detection of RC sign positive varices in prophylactic group (27% at 2-years) were significantly lower (p < 0.001) than those in non-prophylactic group (91% at 2-years). The incidence of death by variceal bleeding in prophylactic group (6%) was significantly lower (p < 0.005) than that in non-prophylactic group (36%). 50% survival period of prophylactic group (25.0 months) was significantly longer (p < 0.001) than that of non-prophylactic group (12.5 months), and there was no significant difference of 50% survival period between prophylactic group and RC negative group (21.6 months). We conclude that, prophylactic sclerotherapy not only decrease incidence of variceal bleeding and of death due to bleeding, but also improve survival rate in hepatoma patients with RC sign positive esophageal varices.
Technical evaluation: pressurized fluidized-bed combustion technology (1982)

The technology of pressurized fluidized-bed combustion, particularly in its application to a coal-burning combined-cycle plant, is evaluated by examining the technical status of advanced-concept plant components - boiler system (combustor, air-handling and air-injection equipment, and heat exchangers); solids handling, injection, and ejection system; hot-gas cleanup equipment; instrumentation/control system; and the gas turbine - along with materials of plant construction. Environmental performance as well as energy efficiency are examined, and economic considerations are reviewed briefly. The evaluation concludes with a broad survey of the principal related research and development programs in the United States and other countries, a foreview of the most likely technological developments, and a summary of unresolved technical issues and problems.
Study on the Chemical and Radiation Crosslinking of Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogels for an Improvement of Heat Resistance (2005)

The PVA hydrogels were prepared by the chemical and irradiation method to improve the heat resistance of these hydrogels at the high temperature. The physical properties such as the gel content, the degree of swelling and the gel strength for the synthesized hydrogels were examined. Gel content increased as the chemical reaction time and the irradiation dose increased, and gel content of the hydrogels were higher when the two-steps of chemical and irradiation method were used rather than only the chemical method. Gel strength increased as the chemical reaction time increased, and as the irradiation dose decreased. The hydrogels prepared by the chemical reaction for 5 hours and the two-steps had the heat resistance at the high temperature.
Seasonal Variation of Kaurenoic Acid, a Hypoglycemic Diterpene Present in Wedelia paludosa (Acmela brasiliensis) (Asteraceae) (2004)

We evaluated the variation of the concentration of kaurenoic acid (1), which is a bioactive diterpene, in leaves, flowers, stems and roots from Wedelia paludosa (Acmela brasiliensis) for different seasons using the HRGC/FID method. The results indicated that the concentration of 1 is higher in the roots and stems during the autumn. The pharmacological results suggested that kaurenoic acid is responsible, at least in part, for the hypoglycemic potential detected in this plant.
Performance analysis of vision based monitoring system for passenger's safety on railway platform (2010)

Common safeguards have limited capability to maintain safety because they are a kind of passive systems, i.e. a station operator or someone should monitor and detect the event when an emergency occurs. It is very difficult to deal with the accidents instantly. Vision based Monitoring System detects possible accidents on railway platform, and effectively manages that situation. The system monitors all of the track area by using multiple stereo cameras, and immediately reports detection results with alarm to operator. Besides, the system automatically stops train, and broadcasts for passenger's safety because train stop by manual operation has a limit to emergency stop because of operator's reaction time. In this paper, we present the test results and analyze the detection performance of the system.
A highly sensitive Amaranthus betacyanin assay for cytokinins. (1989)

Both natural and synthetic cytokinins have various biological effects on intact or cultured plant tissues and their cytokinin activities have been evaluated by many assay methods. Amongthem, a tobacco callus assay is the most sensitive1} and widely used, although it has some limitations: long incubation period (about one month) and laborious work under aseptic conditions. On the other hand, an Amaranthus betacyanin assay developed by Kohler and Conrad2] and later modified by Biddington and Thomas3} is a convenient and reliable method for the
Single-Crystalline Nanowires of Ag<sub>2</sub>Se Can Be Synthesized by Templating against Nanowires of Trigonal Se (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSingle-Crystalline Nanowires of Ag2Se Can Be Synthesized by Templating against Nanowires of Trigonal SeByron Gates, Yiying Wu, Yadong Yin, Peidong Yang, and Younan XiaView Author Information Department of Chemistry University of Washington Seattle, Washington 98195 Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley, California 94720 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 46, 11500–11501Publication Date (Web):October 25, 2001Publication History Received23 July 2001Published online25 October 2001Published inissue 1 November 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja0166895https://doi.org/10.1021/ja0166895rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4235Altmetric-Citations250LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Crystal structure,Genetics,Nanowires,Physical and chemical processes,Transmission electron microscopy Get e-Alerts
The Function of the Hazard map to reduce Marine Accidents (2014)

In the section of marine accident investigation on Japan Transport Safety Board, we investigate marine accidents and study preventing the occurrence of them. In recent years, accidents hardly decrease. There are about 1000 marine accidents and over 500 casualties per year. From investigation data, we found out that marine accidents, especially collisions occurred at similar place and from similar cause. Collisions cause not only losses of lives and properties but the environment pollutions. Therefore we made a Hazard map of Marine Accidents and showed it on the internet. It displays accident points on the map. The map notifies the ship operator to cross the area where marine accident occurred in the past, and can motivate the ship operator to navigate carefully and safely when passing the area. In this study, we consider the display method which is easier to understand the risk about collisions. Firstly, we classify collisions into 3 categories by encounter type. Then we proposed displaying using traffic density and kernel density estimation from collision locations.
Nitrogen Oxides Scrubbing with Alkaline Solutions (2000)

The absorption of NOx into sodium hydroxide solutions was studied in a small packed column. A simple mathematical model developed for this absorption was used for the determination of rate parameters relative to NOx species in such solutions. While hydrolysis is the main controlling step for NO2, N2O4 and N2O3 species, nitrous acid HNO2 plays an essential role for the NOx absorption in NaOH solutions. Our mechanistic and kinetic findings were validated as the model has worked with fair success in predicting both NOx removal efficiencies and liquid phase compositions.
Significant Performance Enhancement of Polymer Resins by Bioinspired Dynamic Bonding (2017)

Marine mussels use catechol-rich interfacial mussel foot proteins (mfps) as primers that attach to mineral surfaces via hydrogen, metal coordination, electrostatic, ionic, or hydrophobic bonds, creating a secondary surface that promotes bonding to the bulk mfps. Inspired by this biological adhesive primer, it is shown that a ≈1 nm thick catecholic single-molecule priming layer increases the adhesion strength of crosslinked polymethacrylate resin on mineral surfaces by up to an order of magnitude when compared with conventional primers such as noncatecholic silane- and phosphate-based grafts. Molecular dynamics simulations confirm that catechol groups anchor to a variety of mineral surfaces and shed light on the binding mode of each molecule. Here, a ≈50% toughness enhancement is achieved in a stiff load-bearing polymer network, demonstrating the utility of mussel-inspired bonding for processing a wide range of polymeric interfaces, including structural, load-bearing materials.
Alumina ceramics for ballistic protection. Part 1 (2002)

High-alumina and alumina-zirconia ceramics have been successfully used as armor material for personnel and vehicular ballistic protection.