gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of a cell surface molecule expressed on B-lymphocytes and Hodgkin's cells. (1990)

An antigen specifically expressed on the surface of plasma membrane of B-lymphocytes and Reed-Sternberg cells was identified using a newly developed monoclonal antibody produced by immunization by BALB/c mouse with a Hodgkin's cell line (HDLM-3). The antibody was termed anti-BLA.36 (B lymphocyte antigen.36) to indicate its predominant reactivity and the molecular weight of the corresponding antigen. By using immunoperoxidase techniques, expression of BLA.36 was detected on Hodgkin's, B-, and pre-B-cell lines, but not on other hematopoietic, melanoma, or carcinoma cell lines. In normal tissues, BLA.36 was detectable predominantly on cells in the germinal center and mantle zone of reactive follicles in lymph nodes and spleen. In hematopoietic malignancy, BLA.36 was detectable on the surface of Reed-Sternberg cells, mononuclear Hodgkin's cells, and also on malignant cells of B-cell lineage. Under these conditions, T-lymphocytes, histiocytes, granulocytes, macrophages, stromal cells in lymphoid tissue, and both normal and neoplastic epithelial cells were consistently negative for the expression of the antigen, with the single exception of a variable proportion of Kupffer cells in normal liver. Biochemical and immunological analyses indicate that BLA.36 is distinct from previously identified antigens of hematopoietic cell lineage, including CD20 and CD75 (LN2) which have similar molecular weights. When BLA.36-positive cell lines were cultured in the presence of the antibody, cell growth was adversely affected. Such an effect was eliminated by removal of the antibody from the culture, suggesting a possible growth-related function of the antigen. Anti-BLA.36 may serve as a probe to study growth-related functions of the corresponding antigen during normal growth of the B-lymphocyte, as well as in the neoplastic proliferations occurring in Hodgkin's disease and antigen-positive B-cell lymphomas. Finally, the antibody has already demonstrated its usefulness for the identification of Reed-Sternberg and Hodgkin's cells, and also normal and malignant B-lymphocytes in frozen as well as formalin- or B5-fixed/paraffin-embedded tissue sections.
Biofidelic Conductive Synthetic Skin Composites (2017)

Skin is the first point of contact of the human body with the outer environment, and influences the biomechanics of different organ systems in normal and diseased states.Wearable electronics such as fitness tracking equipment, motion sensing devices, and advanced wearables in prosthetics and orthotics are often used to quantify the interaction of the body with the environment during different physical activities, and improve health.These wearable equipment can be bulky and a source of discomfort to the human skin with prolonged wear.To date, very few flexible polymers have been developed which can conduct electricity and be used in wearable devices.In the current work, a novel conductive synthetic skin composite system was developed, which would be indispensable for integration into wearable technologies, and also allow the biomechanical testing of the human skin for different engineering and medical applications.The mechanical behavior of this polymer can be tuned to mimic the human skin from different locations of the body with varying stiffnesses, with a phenomenal degree of accuracy.The composite system is composed of short carbon fibers dispersed in a multi part silicone based matrix material.The volume fraction of the fibers were varied to control the mechanical and electrical properties of the composite.Uniaxial tensile tests were conducted to generate stress versus strain responses of the synthetic skin composites at different fiber volume fractions, and electrical measurements were recorded at different strains.Microscopy was used to understand composite fiber orientations in unstretched and stretched states, and its effects on the electrical conductivity of the material.Additionally, non-linear material characterization models were developed to characterize the composite variants.To the best of our knowledge, such an accurate synthetic skin composite system with tailorable electrical properties has not been developed; making this state of the art in bio mimicking and functionalization of the human skin.
Clumping factor B (ClfB), a new surface‐located fibrinogen‐binding adhesin of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (1998)

The surface-located fibrinogen-binding protein (clumping factor; ClfA) of Staphylococcus aureus has an unusual dipeptide repeat linking the ligand binding domain to the wall-anchored region. Southern blotting experiments revealed several other loci in the S. aureus Newman genome that hybridized to a probe comprising DNA encoding the dipeptide repeat. One of these loci is analysed here. It also encodes a fibrinogen-binding protein, which we have called ClfB. The overall organization of ClfB is very similar to that of ClfA, and the proteins have considerable sequence identity in the signal sequence and wall attachment domains. However, the A regions are only 26% identical. Recombinant biotinylated ClfB protein bound to fibrinogen in Western ligand blots. ClfB reacted with the alpha- and beta-chains of fibrinogen in the ligand blots in contrast to ClfA, which binds exclusively to the gamma-chain. Analysis of proteins released from the cell wall of S. aureus Newman by Western immunoblotting using antibody raised against the recombinant A region of ClfB identified a 124 kDa protein as the clfB gene product. This protein was detectable only on cells that were grown to the early exponential phase. It was absent from cells from late exponential phase or stationary phase cultures. Using a clfB mutant isolated by allelic replacement alone and in combination with a clfA mutation, the ClfB protein was shown to promote (i) clumping of exponential-phase cells in a solution of fibrinogen, (ii) adherence of exponential-phase bacteria to immobilized fibrinogen in vitro, and (iii) bacterial adherence to ex vivo human haemodialysis tubing, suggesting that it could contribute to the pathogenicity of biomaterial-related infections. However, in wild-type exponential-phase S. aureus Newman cultures, ClfB activity was masked by the ClfA protein, and it did not contribute at all to interactions of cells from stationary-phase cultures with fibrinogen. ClfB-dependent bacterial adherence to immobilized fibrinogen was inhibited by millimolar concentrations of Ca2+ and Mn2+, which indicates that, like ClfA, ligand binding by ClfB is regulated by a low-affinity inhibitory cation binding site.
Road map for studies to produce consistent and high performance SRF accelerator structures (2008)

Superconducting Radio Frequency (SRF) accelerator structures made from high purity niobium are becoming the technological choice for a large number of future accelerators and energy recovery LINAC's (ERL). Most of the presently planned accelerators and ERL requirements will be met with some effort by the current SRF technology where accelerating gradients of about 20 MV/m can be produced on a routine basis with an acceptable yield. However, the XFEL at DESY and the planned ILC require acceleration gradients more than 28 MV/m and 35 MV/m respectively. At the recent ILC meeting at Snowmass (2005) concern was expressed regarding the wide spread in the achieved accelerator gradients and the relatively low yields. For obtaining accelerating gradients of 35 MV/m in SRF accelerator structures consistently, a deeper understanding of the causes for the spread has to be gained and advances have to be made in many scientific and high technology fields, including materials, surface and vacuum sciences, application of reliable processes and procedures, which provide contamination -free surfaces and avoid recontamination and cryogenics related technologies. In this contribution a road map for studies needed to produce consistent and high performance SRF accelerator structures from the needed materials development to clean and non-recontaminating processes and procedures will be presented.
A flat roof automobile antenna module for LTE, GPS and SDARS applications (2014)

A flat car-roof antenna module for LTE, GPS and SDARS applications is proposed. The module consists of a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA), a square loop one and a circular loop one, for the LTE, GPS and SDARS operations, respectively. The three antennas are located in a same plane parallel to car roof and put close to each other so that the dimension of the module is only 70 × 70 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in plane. Gap between the antenna plane and the car roof is only 20 mm. This low profile makes the module almost invisible when it is installed on a car roof.
Abstract B193: Identification of selective inhibitors of ubiquitin specific proteases (2009)

Abstract Regulated protein turnover is primarily controlled by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. The therapeutic efficacy of the proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib establishes this system as a valid anticancer therapeutic field. A promising alternative to targeting the proteasome itself lies upstream, at the level of the ubiquitin conjugation/deconjugation step to generate more specific anticancer agents. Ubiquitin-specific proteases (USP) are involved in the deubiquitination of specific target substrates regulating their stability, subcellular localization and/or activation status. USP represent a druggable target class due to their thiol-protease catalytic core which is amenable to pharmacological inhibition by small molecules. A genome-wide RNAi screen of the catalytically active human USPs in cancer-relevant cellular models and phenotypic assays allowed us to identify USP7/HAUSP and USP8/UBPY as promising cancer targets. Fluorescence-based screening assays using optimized USP substrates including various ubiquitin derivatives (ubiquitin precursor, branched ubiquitin chains) as well as specific, physiological substrates were developed. High-throughput screening performed on our chemically diverse library followed by different optimization programs resulted in the discovery of several series as novel USP inhibitors. Our progress made towards the specificity issue will be presented here with the identification of the first USP8- and USP7-specific series. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(12 Suppl):B193.
Accurate upper body rehabilitation system using kinect (2016)

The growing importance of Kinect as a tool for clinical assessment and rehabilitation is due to its portability, low cost and markerless system for human motion capture. However, the accuracy of Kinect in measuring three-dimensional body joint center locations often fails to meet clinical standards of accuracy when compared to marker-based motion capture systems such as Vicon. The length of the body segment connecting any two joints, measured as the distance between three-dimensional Kinect skeleton joint coordinates, has been observed to vary with time. The orientation of the line connecting adjoining Kinect skeletal coordinates has also been seen to differ from the actual orientation of the physical body segment. Hence we have proposed an optimization method that utilizes Kinect Depth and RGB information to search for the joint center location that satisfies constraints on body segment length and as well as orientation. An experimental study have been carried out on ten healthy participants performing upper body range of motion exercises. The results report 72% reduction in body segment length variance and 2° improvement in Range of Motion (ROM) angle hence enabling to more accurate measurements for upper limb exercises.
Multiport photonic crystal circulators created by cascading magneto-optical cavities (2011)

Compact multiport circulators are important in eliminating the feedback of unwanted light in all-optical integrated circuits. A compact and highly symmetric three-port circulator with a magneto-optical cavity in a two-dimensional photonic crystal is designed and demonstrated by finite-element method first. Then, compact multiport circulators with port numbers greater than three built by cascading the three-port circulators are shown. Furthermore, an ultracompact six-port circulator is investigated in detail as an example. The results show that the cascaded system is beneficial to improving transmission to the output port and isolation among the other ports. This type of structure provides a guideline for designing high-efficiency and compact multiport magnetophotonic crystal circulators.
High-corrosion-resistance Fe-Mn-Si-based alloys exhibiting nearly perfect shape memory effects (2004)

Recently our group has succeeded, by producing very small particles of NbC carbides in austenite, in improvement of shape memory effect (SME) of the low-cost conventional Fe-Mn-Si based SMAs to such an extent that the so-called "training" treatment is no longer necessary. It was also found that the shape memory properties of the Fe-Mn-Si based SMAs were further improved by pre-rolling at 870K. The present paper describes similar improvement of shape memory properties of an Fe-15Mn-5Si-9Cr-5Ni-0.5NbC (mass %) by more convenient way of pre-extension at room temperature. This alloy is high corrosion-resistant (equivalent to SUS430) as well as low cost material, which is also one of the important requisites for industry application in various fields. A nearly perfect shape recover (90%) of an initial 4% strain was achieved when the alloy was pre-extended 12% at room temperature and then aged at 1070K for 10min. The origin of this improvement of SME has been studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and trasmission electron microscopy (TEM). It is concluded that uniform distribution of fine martensite plates with the same variant on the primary system is the key factor to obtain a perfect shape memory recovery.
Novel Mixed-Ligand Copper(I) Complexes: Role of Diimine Ligands on Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity (2013)

Novel tetrahedral copper(I) mixed-ligand complexes of the type [Cu(X)(N(∩)N)(PCN)], 3-10, where X = Cl or Br, N(∩)N = 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), 5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (dmp), and dipyrido-[3,2-d:2',3'-f]-quinoxaline (dpq), and PCN = tris-(2-cyanoethyl)phosphine, have been synthetized and characterized by NMR, ESI-MS, and X-ray diffraction on two representative examples, [CuCl(phen)(PCN)]·DMF (5·DMF) and [CuBr(dpq)(PCN)]·2DMF (10·2DMF). Cu(I) complexes were evaluated for their in vitro antitumor properties against a panel of human cancer cell lines, including cisplatin- and multidrug-resistant sublines. The most effective complex, [CuCl(dpq)(PCN)] (9), exhibited nanomolar cytotoxicity toward both sensitive and resistant cancer cells, but it significantly inhibited the growth of cultured normal cells. In vitro DNA assays and single cell gel electrophoresis revealed that 9 induced DNA fragmentation resulting in cell apoptosis. In parallel, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) micronucleus assay attested high levels of genotoxicity following treatment of peripheral blood lymphocytes with complex 9, suggesting that the potential risk posed by diimine metal complexes should be carefully reconsidered.
Coded Modulations for Fading Channels: An Overview (1993)

Abstract It is by now well known that combined channel coding and digital modulation (in short coded modulation) yield power and bandwidth efficient digital transmission schemes for the Gaussian channel. These schemes perform closer to channel capacity than those where coding and modulation are treated separately. More recently, coded modulation methods have been investigated for transmission over Rayleigh fading channels. It has been discovered that systems optimized for the Gaussian channel are not optimum for fading channels. This is primarily due to the importance of built‐in time diversity of the coded modulation scheme for fading channels. In this paper we give a brief overview of recent developments in signal design for Rayleigh fading channels. Mainly schemes based on phase shift keying are presented. Theoretical guidance for design and identification of the most important system parameters are given. A couple of detailed examples of code designs and their error probability performance are also given. Optimum and suboptimum receivers are discussed. An overview of analytical performance analysis tools, as well as code designs for both trellis coded modulation and block coded modulation is included in the paper. Methods for unequal error protection are given. Potential application areas are identified. An extensive reference list is supplied.
Quillaja saponaria (Molina) Extracts Inhibits In Vitro Piscirickettsia salmonis Infections (2020)

<i>P. salmonis</i> infections are the cause of major bacterial disease in salmonids in Chile, and the reason for using more antibiotics compared to other salmon-producing countries. Vaccination and antibiotics have not been efficient and new approaches are needed. The safety of <i>Quillaja saponaria</i> extracts was measured by cytotoxicity using flow cytometry of cytopathic and death of fish cell cultures and efficacy was assessed using in vitro infection models with pathogenic <i>P. salmonis</i>. Cytotoxicity was low and control of in vitro infections was achieved with all products, with protection of over 90%. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were much higher than those in the infection using cell cultures. These results suggest a dual mechanism of action where less purified extracts with a combination of saponin and non-saponin components simultaneously decrease <i>P. salmonis</i> infection while protecting cell lines, rather than exerting a direct antimicrobial effect. Quillaja saponins controlled in vitro infections with <i>P. salmonis</i> and could be considered good candidates for a new, safe and sustainable method of controlling fish bacterial infectious diseases.
Toward the Selective Delivery of Chemotherapeutics into Tumor Cells by Targeting Peptide Transporters: Tailored Gold-Based Anticancer Peptidomimetics (2012)

Complexes [Au(III)X(2)(dtc-Sar-AA-O(t-Bu))] (AA = Gly, X = Br (1)/Cl (2); AA = Aib, X = Br (3)/Cl (4); AA = l-Phe, X = Br (5)/Cl (6)) were designed on purpose in order to obtain gold(III)-based anticancer peptidomimetics that might specifically target two peptide transporters (namely, PEPT1 and PEPT2) upregulated in several tumor cells. All the compounds were characterized by means of FT-IR and mono- and multidimensional NMR spectroscopy, and the crystal structure of [Au(III)Br(2)(dtc-Sar-Aib-O(t-Bu))] (3) was solved and refined. According to in vitro cytotoxicity studies, the Aib-containing complexes 3 and 4 turned out to be the most effective toward all the human tumor cell lines evaluated (PC3, DU145, 2008, C13, and L540), reporting IC(50) values much lower than that of cisplatin. Remarkably, they showed no cross-resistance with cisplatin itself and were proved to inhibit tumor cell proliferation by inducing either apoptosis or late apoptosis/necrosis depending on the cell lines. Biological results are here reported and discussed in terms of the structure-activity relationship.
Process for analyzing CO.sub.2 in seawater (1997)

The process of this invention comprises providing a membrane for separating CO.sub.2 into a first CO.sub.2 sample phase and a second CO.sub.2 analyte phase. CO.sub.2 is then transported through the membrane thereby separating the CO.sub.2 with the membrane into a first CO.sub.2 sample phase and a second CO.sub.2 analyte liquid phase including an ionized, conductive, dissociated CO.sub.2 species. Next, the concentration of the ionized, conductive, dissociated CO.sub.2 species in the second CO.sub.2 analyte liquid phase is chemically amplified using a water-soluble chemical reagent which reversibly reacts with undissociated CO.sub.2 to produce conductivity changes therein corresponding to fluctuations in the partial pressure of CO.sub.2 in the first CO.sub.2 sample phase. Finally, the chemically amplified, ionized, conductive, dissociated CO.sub.2 species is introduced to a conductivity measuring instrument. Conductivity changes in the chemically amplified, ionized, conductive, dissociated CO.sub.2 species are detected using the conductivity measuring instrument.
Chemistry of Hydroxymethyl Phosphorus Compounds (1982)

The chemistry of the hydroxymethyl phosphines, phosphine oxides, and phos phonium hydroxides is reviewed in relation to flame retardant finishing of cotton. 2
Bench-Scale Studies with Argentine Ion Exchange Material (2002)

The United States Department of Energy (DOE), as well as international atomic energy commission, facilities use ion exchange materials for purification of aqueous streams in the nuclear industry. Unfortunately, the use of the ion exchange materials creates a waste stream that can be very high in both organic and radioactive constituents. Therefore, disposal of the spent resins often becomes an economic problem because of the large volumes of resin produced and the relatively few technologies that are capable of economically stabilizing this waste. Vitrification of this waste stream presents a reasonable disposable alternative because of its inherent destruction capabilities, the volume reductions obtainable, and the durable product that it produces.
50&#x03BC;m multimode fibers for mode division multiplexing (2015)

50μm-diameter graded-index core multimode fibers can be adapted to mode-division-multiplexed transmissions that use multiple-input-multiple-output digital signal processing and selective mode multiplexing. We realize and characterize such fibers and compare them to low-differential-mode-group-delay few-mode fibers.
Free-space quantum cryptography in daylight (2000)

Quantum cryptography is an emerging technology in which two parties may simultaneously generate shared, secret cryptographic key material using the transmission of quantum states of light. The security of these transmissions is based on the inviolability of the laws of quantum mechanics and information-theoretically secure post-processing methods. An adversary can neither successfully tap the quantum transmissions, nor evade detection, owing to Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. In this paper we describe the theory of quantum cryptography, and the most recent results from our experimental free-space system with which we have demonstrated for the first time the feasibility of quantum key generation over a point-to-point outdoor atmospheric path in daylight. We achieved a transmission distance of 0.5 km, which was limited only by the length of the test range. Our results provide strong evidence that cryptographic key material could be generated on demand between a ground station and a satellite (or between two satellites), allowing a satellite to be securely re-keyed on orbit. We present a feasibility analysis of surface-to-satellite quantum key generation.