gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Alcohol dermatitis: allergic contact dermatitis and contact urticaria syndrome (1994)

In spite of not knowing the numbers of people exposed and obviously incomplete reporting, the known mechanisms of alcohol cutaneous intolerance and the literature classified according to mechanisms are listed. Testing techniques for delayed- and immediate-types are proposed.
Stochastic Billboard Clouds for Interactive Foliage Rendering (2006)

We render tree foliage levels of detail (LODs) using a new adaptation of billboard clouds. Our contributions are a simple and efficient billboard cloud creation algorithm designed specifically for tree foliage, and a method for smooth transitions between LODs. The cloud creation algorithm performs stochastic search to find a set of billboards that approximate the base mesh. Billboard clouds offer an alternative to traditional triangle reduction methods, which break down for foliage with its small, disconnected pieces of geometry. By projecting foliage geometry onto large precomputed textures, our method shifts the bulk of the runtime rendering to the fragment processing stage. This results in higher frame rates for most viewing distances, with adjustable visual accuracy. We give results for foliage from two fully detailed tree models and discuss implementation issues.
Editorial: A request for copy (2014)

At the annual conference of the Society it is always impressive to view the range and quality of the poster presentations, mainly by students. They are a testimony to the interest and enthusiasm of new graduates. It is a sad fact that many of these young experts will be unable to find employment in entomologically related careers. The enthusiasm of government for a return on capital investment in tertiary education, and the pressure to investigate profitable avenues of research means that 'disinterested' studies are discouraged. The depressing consequence is that much of this important work will disappear into theses, and from there gather dust in libraries. A great deal of useful and potentially valuable data is probably lost in this way, waiting to be rediscovered at some later date. It is a sad fact that much of this work is not ready to face the critical test of peer review. Time constraints mean often that the work is incomplete, extra experiments are required, or the techniques used become superseded by better methods, too late for inclusion. Streams dry up, experimental animals become unavailable, chemicals arrive too late, and in general research becomes a victim of 'the thousand natural shocks that flesh is heir to.
Albumin is the major carrier protein for PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS, PFNA and PFDA in human plasma (2020)

Perfluoroalkyl (PFAS) substances are widespread in the environment and in organisms. The fact that exposure to PFAS is associated with elevated cholesterol levels is a major concern for human health. Previous investigations, in which bovine serum albumin was frequently studied, indicate that PFOS, PFOA and PFNA bind to serum albumin. However, it is critical to know whether these and other PFAS have a preference for the protein or the lipid fraction in native human blood fractions. For this reason, blood samples from four young healthy volunteers (two women, two men, 23-31 years old) were used for protein size separation and fractionation by the Cohn method in combination with serial ultracentrifugation. The plasma fractions were analyzed for 11 PFAS using high-performance tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Although the data are based on a small sample, they clearly show that albumin is the most important carrier protein for PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS, PFNA and PFDA in native human plasma. These five compounds have very little or no affinity for lipoproteins. The confirmation of their transport through albumin is important for the epidemiology of PFAS. The present results must be verified by the examination of a larger number of persons.
Activation of an enhancerless gene by chromosomal integration. (1986)

Expression of enhancerless (E-) and enhancer-containing (E+) genes that are chromosomally integrated was examined. An E- plasmid (pE-cat) containing a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene linked to the simian virus 40 (SV40) early promoter or its E+ counterpart plasmid (pE+-cat) containing the SV40 enhancer was cotransfected into thymidine kinase (TK)-deficient L cells with a cloned tk gene. A number of TK+ transformants were isolated, and expression of the cointegrated cat gene in these cell lines was quantitatively determined by the assay of CAT activity. The results indicated unexpectedly that the E- cat gene was as actively expressed as the E+ cat gene. Analysis of CAT mRNA by primer extension indicated that the E- cat gene, as well as the E+ cat gene, was transcribed from the "native" initiation site contained in the SV40 early promoter region. The active expression of the E- cat gene was maintained in secondary TK+ transformants that arose by transfection with genomic DNA from the primary transformant. These results suggest that expression of the integrated E- cat gene is activated by endogenous enhancer elements.
Four quadrant multilevel current source power conditioning for superconductive magnetic energy Storage (2009)

The main purpose of this paper is to describe advances in high current source converter (CSC) and control for use in superconductive magnetic energy storage (SMES) schemes instead of the conventional PWM-chopper based VSC configurations. The Multi-level Current Reinjection (MLCR) CSC provides the simplest structure, as well as switching at zero current, a property that permits retaining the use of basic thyristors in the main converter bridges. Extensive PSCAD/EMTDC simulation is carried out to verify the theoretical predictions.
Immune dysregulation in human subjects with heterozygous germline mutations in <i>CTLA4</i> (2014)

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is an inhibitory receptor found on immune cells. The consequences of mutations in CTLA4 in humans are unknown. We identified germline heterozygous mutations in CTLA4 in subjects with severe immune dysregulation from four unrelated families. Whereas Ctla4 heterozygous mice have no obvious phenotype, human CTLA4 haploinsufficiency caused dysregulation of FoxP3(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells, hyperactivation of effector T cells, and lymphocytic infiltration of target organs. Patients also exhibited progressive loss of circulating B cells, associated with an increase of predominantly autoreactive CD21(lo) B cells and accumulation of B cells in nonlymphoid organs. Inherited human CTLA4 haploinsufficiency demonstrates a critical quantitative role for CTLA-4 in governing T and B lymphocyte homeostasis.
Blood-pool imaging using technetium-99m-labeled liposomes. (1996)

Technetium-99m-liposomes, independent of surface modification, had excellent circulation persistence and in vivo stability when compared to 99mTc-red cells and 99mTc-HSA. PEG 99mTc-liposomes performed better than neutral 99mTc-liposomes due to lower liver background activity. Advantages of PEG 99mTc-liposomes compared to 99mTc-red cells include: (a) only one venipuncture, (b) little exposure to patient's blood, (c) excellent in vitro and in vivo stability and (d) lack of drug interference.
Elevated microRNA-125b levels predict a worse prognosis in HER2-positive breast cancer patients (2016)

Breast cancer, the second most common cancer worldwide, is the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality in women, accounting for ~15% of all cancer-associated mortalities in women. The development, local invasion and metastasis of breast cancer are associated with the dysregulation and mutation of numerous genes and epigenetic mechanisms, including coding RNA and non-coding RNA, such as microRNAs (miRs/miRNAs). Previous studies have shown a dual-faced role of miR-125b in breast cancer. In the present study, a total of 221 paraffin-embedded breast cancer and 49 paraffin-embedded non-cancerous breast tissue samples were collected. <i>In situ</i> hybridization was used to analyze the expression of miR-125b in the breast cancer tissues. Spearman's rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the expression correlation between miR-125b and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2). The overall survival estimates over time were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test. It was found that miR-125b expression was significantly increased in the breast cancer tissues compared with that in the non-cancerous tissues, and high miR-125b expression indicated a poor prognosis in the breast cancer patients. In addition, miR-125b expression was positively correlated with HER2, but not with progesterone receptor and estrogen receptor. Notably, high miR-125b expression was significantly correlated with tumor size and Tumor-Node-Metastasis stage in the HER2-positive breast cancer patients, along with a poor prognosis. The present study provides clinical data to confirm the oncogenic potential of miR-125b, particularly in HER2-positive human breast cancer. Thus, identification of miR-125b may be a potential molecular biomarker for the prediction of clinical outcomes in breast cancer patients, particularly HER2-positive cases that will receive paclitaxel-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Efficient guaranteed disk request scheduling with fahrrad (2008)

Guaranteed I/O performance is needed for a variety of applications ranging from real-time data collection to desktop multimedia to large-scale scientific simulations. Reservations on throughput, the standard measure of disk performance, fail to effectively manage disk performance due to the orders of magnitude difference between best-, average-, and worst-case response times, allowing reservation of less than 0.01% of the achievable bandwidth. We show that by reserving disk resources in terms of utilization it is possible to create a disk scheduler that supports reservation of nearly 100% of the disk resources, provides arbitrarily hard or soft guarantees depending upon application needs, and yields efficiency as good or better than best-effort disk schedulers tuned for performance. We present the architecture of our scheduler, prove the correctness of its algorithms, and provide results demonstrating its effectiveness.
A High Yield and Pilot-Scale Process for the Preparation of Adapalene (2006)

Strategies that were adopted during the process development of adapalene to achieve a cost-effective commercial-scale synthesis are described herein. These included (1) the use of AcOH/H2SO4 to afford 2-(1-adamantyl)-4-bromophenol in quantitative yield; (2) the dimethyl sulfate methylation to enhance the yield of methylation to 95%; (3) direct conversion of the Grignard reagent into methyl 6-(3-(1-adamantyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-naphthoate by the catalysis of both PdCl2(PPh3)2 and ZnCl2 in high yield; (4) the use of EDTA-disodium salt dihydrate to ensure the heavy metal's content within acceptable limits; (5) the use of toluene to simplify the original chromatographic purification to recrystallization. The pilot-scale synthesis of adapalene is described in detail in the Experimental Section.
Runx1 Directly Promotes Proliferation of Hair Follicle Stem Cells and Epithelial Tumor Formation in Mouse Skin (2010)

Runx1/AML1 is a transcription factor implicated in tissue stem cell regulation and belongs to the small Runx family of cancer genes. In the hair follicle (HF), Runx1 epithelial deletion in morphogenesis impairs normal adult hair homeostasis (cycle) and blocks adult hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) in quiescence. Here, we show that these effects are overcome later in adulthood. By deleting Runx1 after the end of morphogenesis, we demonstrate its direct role in promoting anagen onset and HFSC proliferation. Runx1 deletion resulted in cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor Cdkn1a (p21) upregulation. Interfering with Runx1 function in cultured HFSCs impaired their proliferation and normal G(0)/G1 and G(1)/S cell cycle progression. The proliferation defect could be rescued by Runx1 readdition or by p21 deletion. Chemically induced skin tumorigenesis in mice turned on broad Runx1 expression in regions of the skin epithelium, papillomas, and squamous cell carcinomas. In addition, it revealed reduced rates of tumor formation in the absence of Runx1 that were accompanied by decreased epithelial levels of phospho-Stat3. Runx1 protein expression was similar in normal human and mouse hair cycles. We propose that Runx1 may act as a skin oncogene by directly promoting proliferation of the epithelial cells.
Face Detection Using Adaboosted SVM-Based Component Classifier (2008)

Recently, Adaboost has been widely used to improve the accuracy of any given learning algorithm. In this paper we focus on designing an algorithm to employ combination of Adaboost with Support Vector Machine as weak component classifiers to be used in Face Detection Task. To obtain a set of effective SVM-weaklearner Classifier, this algorithm adaptively adjusts the kernel parameter in SVM instead of using a fixed one. Proposed combination outperforms in generalization in comparison with SVM on imbalanced classification problem. The proposed here method is compared, in terms of classification accuracy, to other commonly used Adaboost methods, such as Decision Trees and Neural Networks, on CMU+MIT face database. Results indicate that the performance of the proposed method is overall superior to previous Adaboost approaches.
Use of Pattern Analysis to Identify True Drug Response (1987)

In any antidepressant study, placebo response in patients assigned active drug is a troubling source of variance. There have been few attempts to identify the patients whose conditions improve as a result of true drug effect, in contrast with improvement that is a result of nonspecific effects. In a previous report we demonstrated that true drug effect seemed to be characterized by a two-week delay in onset and persistence. We described a method of pattern analysis to identify such patients. In this report, we describe the use of pattern analysis to replicate our initial findings. Data from a new sample of 150 nonmelancholic patients support the hypothesis that true drug effect is characterized by a two-week delay in onset and persistence of improvement, once achieved. There was little evidence of the onset of antidepressant effect before two weeks. The theoretical and clinical implications of this work are discussed.
Investigation on the role of amines in the liquefaction and recrystallization process of MAPbI<sub>3</sub> perovskite (2020)

This paper presents the detailed microscopic mechanism of the reversible liquefaction process, paving the way for high performance and recycling of perovskite devices.
Tissue‐Integratable and Biocompatible Photogelation by the Imine Crosslinking Reaction (2016)

A novel photogelling mechanism by the phototriggered-imine-crosslinking (PIC) reaction is demonstrated. Hyaluronic acid grafted with o-nitrobenzene, a photogenerated aldehyde group, can quickly photo-crosslink with amino-bearing polymers or proteins. Once the in situ photogelling on a wound occurs, the PIC gelling process can well integrate a hydrogel with surrounding tissue by covalent bonding, thus making it a powerful tool for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Extended partial distance elimination and dynamic Gaussian selection for fast likelihood computation (2008)

A new fast likelihood computation approach is proposed for HMM-based continuous speech recognition. This approach is an extension of the partial distance elimination (PDE) technique. Like PDE, the extended PDE (EPDE) approach aims at finding the most prominent Gaussian in a GMM for a given observation, and approximating the GMM’s likelihood with the identified Gaussian. EPDE relies on a novel selection criterion in order to achieve greater time efficiency at the cost of slight degradation of recognition accuracy. This novel criterion has been combined with a dynamic Gaussian selection technique for greater recognition accuracy. Tests on TIMIT corpora shows a satisfying computation time saving of 7.3% at the same error level than PDE. Compared to a baseline, the methods we propose have also achieved a significant reduction in the number of computations of 71.5% at the same error level as PDE.
Pima Indians as a model to study the genetics of NIDDM (1992)

More than half the Pima Indians over 35 years of age have non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). They have been the focus of prospective epidemiologic and metabolic studies for over two decades and the data collected during these studies are now proving invaluable in efforts to find genetic markers for NIDDM in humans. The Pima Indian model of this disease affords two major advantages. The population is genetically homogeneous compared to Caucasian populations, and therefore the causes of NIDDM are less heterogeneous, simplifying genetic linkage studies. Equally important, based on results from metabolic studies, two pre-diabetic phenotypes have been identified in the Pimas: insulin resistance and a low metabolic rate. Use of these phenotypes in genetic linkage analyses should greatly improve chances of finding genetic markers for NIDDM since these phenotypes may be more closely related to the putative abnormal gene products, and actual disease genes, than is the hyperglycemia of the fully developed phenotype of NIDDM.
Base Station Specific Absorption Rate Assessment Based on a Combination of Over- The-Air Measurements and Full- Wave Electromagnetic Simulations (2021)

Radio Base Stations (RBS) must comply with applicable radio frequency electromagnetic field exposure regulations. Although compliance evaluation is typically carried out using field strength acquisitions or computations, Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) measurement is the reference method for low-power RBS, such as those used for indoor coverage. As classical robot-based probing is extremely time-consuming, especially when the whole-body SAR in a large phantom is to be assessed, faster alternative techniques are of high interest. Such solutions are becoming even more crucial, as the number of test modes is multiplying with modern communication technologies. This paper introduces an alternative, based on the convergence of Over-The-Air (OTA) measurements, equivalent current reconstruction and full-wave electromagnetic simulation. A first set of results demonstrates the relevance of this combination, by comparing actual dosimetric measurements to OTA - based reconstructed SAR values in a flat body mannequin, for a commercial low-power RBS. A test system is realized which enables OTA electric field phase evaluations for a self-powered device under test, using digitally modulated signals. This proof of concept establishes the applicability of the technique to actual regulatory testing conditions.
Mycosis fungoides treated with Puva and Topical Corticosteroids. (2012)

An 89-year old patient had mycosis fungoides with extensive skin involvement and palpable but pathologically uninvolved lymph nodes. He was successfully treated with PUVA combined with topical 0.1% fluocinolone acetonide ointment. PUVA therapy is highly effective in the treatment of mycosis fungoides confined to the skin, especially in the elderly where more aggressive therapy may not be tolerated.
Passive catheter visualization in magnetic resonance–guided endovascular therapy using multicycle projection dephasers (2006)

This work shows that multicycle projection dephasers improve catheter conspicuity over the conventional PD method. The multicycle PD method has potential for use in guiding endovascular procedures.
The human lambda L chain Ig locus. Recharacterization of JC lambda 6 and identification of a functional JC lambda 7 (1991)

The human lambda L chain Ig gene complex consists of multiple JC gene segments. A seventh human lambda C region gene segment, C lambda 7, was found 2.7 kb downstream of C lambda 6 in this gene complex. A J lambda gene segment, J lambda 7, was found 1.2 kb upstream of C lambda 7 and contains potentially functional nonamer and heptamer recombination sites, an RNA splice site and J coding region. C lambda 7 maintains an open reading frame and encodes a new lambda isotype. C lambda 7 encodes Kern+ and Oz- determinants, but does not encode any of the Kern+Oz- myeloma proteins published to date. Nevertheless, we present evidence that JC lambda 7 is transcribed in normal lymphocytes and is functional. In contrast, we present new data that the C lambda 6 gene segment, reported by others to encode the Kern+Oz- protein, is non-functional due to a 4-bp insertion in our cosmid clone. The 4-bp insertion was characterized further in 32 genomic DNA samples by producing a distinctive restriction fragment length and verified by the DNA sequences of the polymerase chain reaction products of two different cell lines. We discuss the possibility that the Kern+Oz- myeloma proteins do not define an isotype and are not encoded by JC lambda 7 nor other non-allelic genes, and we discuss the level of expression of JC lamba 7 as compared to that of JC lambda 2 and JC lambda 3.
Development of forceps manipulator system for laparoscopic surgery (2000)

We developed forceps manipulator for laparoscopic surgery. Some problems in laparoscopic surgery are mainly due to the poor D.O.F. (degree of freedom) of controlling forceps and laparoscope. The forceps manipulator we newly developed has 2 additional D.O.F. of bending. This manipulator can solve the problems in laparoscopic surgery, and establish new laparoscopic surgery with higher technology and safety.
Vaccination can drive an increase in frequencies of antibiotic resistance among nonvaccine serotypes of<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (2018)

The bacterial pathogen <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> is a major public health concern, being responsible for more than 1.5 million deaths annually through pneumonia, meningitis, and septicemia. Available vaccines target only a subset of serotypes, so vaccination is often accompanied by a rise in the frequency of nonvaccine serotypes. Epidemiological studies suggest that such a change in serotype frequencies is often coupled with an increase of antibiotic resistance among nonvaccine serotypes. Building on previous multilocus models for bacterial pathogen population structure, we have developed a theoretical framework incorporating variation of serotype and antibiotic resistance to examine how their associations may be affected by vaccination. Using this framework, we find that vaccination can result in a rapid increase in the frequency of preexisting resistant variants of nonvaccine serotypes due to the removal of competition from vaccine serotypes.