gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Physiopathology of sleep obstructive respiratory disorders. Experimental methods and practical applications]. (1999)

Recent progress in the physiology of the upper airways has led to significant advances in evaluating the dynamics of upper airway occlusion during sleep. Measuring the collapsibility of the upper airways and localizing the site of obstruction should theoretically lead to efficacious non-mechanical treatment and enable selection of patients susceptible of benefiting from surgical procedures. From a diagnostic point of view, fluctuations in the nasal pressure curve appear to give more precise information on ventilatory changes and their association with disrupted sleep pattern than conventional parameters such as thermistance signals or induction plethysmography. Again, from a pathophysiological point of view, little is known about the role or tissue inflammation and repeated upper airway trauma in the transition from simple snoring to sleep apnea syndrome. Current studies lead to the conclusion that the dilatroy muscles of the upper airways in the apneic subject are the target for adaptive trophic, immunohistochemical and metabolic phenomena in response to stimulation comparable to training against resistance. Although there is no evidence that sleep affects neuromuscular activity in apneic subjects, the disappearance of compensatory hyperactivity on awakening and the reduction of muscle contraction efficacy (transmission of the dilatory force to soft tissues) observed in patients may explain the greater instability of the upper airways characteristic of sleep apnea syndrome.
Revisiting Use of Growth Factors in Myelodysplastic Syndromes (2012)

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) represent a heterogeneous group of clonal hematologic neoplasms characterized by morphologic dysplasia, aberrant hematopoiesis and peripheral blood refractory cytopenias. MDS is recognized to be associated with an increased risk of symptomatic anemia, infectious complications and bleeding diathesis, as well as a risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia, particularly in patients with a high IPSS score. The advent of use of hematopoietic growth factors such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and recombinant erythropoietin (EPO) has improved symptoms in MDS patients in addition to some data that suggest there might be an improvement in survival. G-CSF is an effective therapeutic option in MDS patients, and it should be considered for the management of refractory symptomatic cytopenias. G-CSF and EPO in combination can improve outcomes in appropriate MDS patients such as those with lower-risk MDS and refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts (RARS) . This article reviews use of growth factors for lower-risk MDS patients, and examines the data for G-CSF, EPO and thrombopietic growth factors (TPO) that are available or being developed as therapeutic modalities for this challenging disease.
Evidence for adenosine mediation of atrioventricular block in the ischemic canine myocardium. (1981)

Adenosine levels in oxygen-deprived myocardium can rise to 10- 100 microM concentrations known to cause atrioventricular (AV) conduction delay and block. We reported that the AV conduction delay and block caused by hypoxia is markedly attenuated by 10 microM aminophylline, and adenosine competitive antagonist. THe purpose of the present study was to investigate adenosine's role in ischemic AV conduction disturbances. Dogs were anesthetized and instrumented for His bundle and surface electrogram recordings. The total AV conduction time was subdivided in to atrial-His bundle (AH) and His bundle-ventricle intervals. The atrioventricular node artery (AVNA) was cannulated for selective injection of drugs in the AV node region. Adenosine (10 to 100 microgram), as a 2-ml bolus injection, rapidly produced a dose-dependent, transient increase in the AH interval; a 1,000-microgram dose caused second degree AV block. The duration of the increase in AH interval was also dose-dependent. Dipyridamole, and inhibitor of nucleoside transport, potentiated the negative dromotropic effects of adenosine, whereas aminophylline attenuated them. In some dogs, after cannulation of the AVNA, first and second degree AV block occurred spontaneously or were induced by rapid atrial pacing. Injection of the aminophylline (5 mg/kg, i.e.) or theophylline (100-1,000 microgram) into the AVNA rapidly reversed the AV blocks. Upon washout of the drugs the AV blocks recurred. We conclude that endogenously released adenosine may account for a major fraction of the AV conduction delay and block associated with impaired blood supply to the AV node, and the theophylline and aminophylline reverse the AV conduction defect by antagonizing the effects of adenosine.
Increased Flow of Fatty Acids toward β-Oxidation in Developing Seeds of Arabidopsis Deficient in Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase Activity or Synthesizing Medium-Chain-Length Fatty Acids (1999)

Synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from intermediates of fatty acid beta-oxidation was used as a tool to study fatty acid degradation in developing seeds of Arabidopsis. Transgenic plants expressing a peroxisomal PHA synthase under the control of a napin promoter accumulated PHA in developing seeds to a final level of 0. 06 mg g(-1) dry weight. In plants co-expressing a plastidial acyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterase from Cuphea lanceolata and a peroxisomal PHA synthase, approximately 18-fold more PHA accumulated in developing seeds. The proportion of 3-hydroxydecanoic acid monomer in the PHA was strongly increased, indicating a large flow of capric acid toward beta-oxidation. Furthermore, expression of the peroxisomal PHA synthase in an Arabidopsis mutant deficient in the enzyme diacylglycerol acyltransferase resulted in a 10-fold increase in PHA accumulation in developing seeds. These data indicate that plants can respond to the inadequate incorporation of fatty acids into triacylglycerides by recycling the fatty acids via beta-oxidation and that a considerable flow toward beta-oxidation can occur even in a plant tissue primarily devoted to the accumulation of storage lipids.
하수처리장의 효율적 응집공정 운영을 위한 응집제(Al계 및 Fe계)별 유기물 제거특성 연구 (2017)

본 연구에서는 MLE 공법 + 화학처리하고 있는 하수처리장에서 화학처리시 사용되고 있는 응집공정의 효율적 운영을 도모하고자 Jar-test를 실시하여 응집제별(PAC(10%), Alum(8%), PSO-M (8%) FeCl3(38%)) 유기물 지표 CODMn 및 SS, 항목의 제거 특성을 파악하는데 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구에 사용된 원수의 경우 P시 N하수처리장 폭기조 유출수를 사용하였으며, 선행연구(응집제를 5 mL 단위로 주입)에서 도출된 응집범위를 1 mL 단위로 나누어 실험을 진행하였다. 이때 공통적인 실험조건으로는 급속교반 200 r/min(1 min), 완속교반 60 r/min(15 min) 및 Sedimentation time (30 min)로 실시하였으며, PAC의 경우 (38 ~ 43) mL, Alum의 경우 (48 ~ 53) mL, PSO-M의 경우 (43 ~ 48) mL 및 FeCl3의 경우 (48 ~ 53) mL 범위로 각각 주입하였다. Jar-test 결과 CODMn 제거효율 50.0%, SS 제거효율 95.1%로 FeCl3 응집제가 가장 높은 제거효율이 나타났다. 이는 Fe(Ⅲ)계 응집제가 Al(Ⅲ)계 응집제 보다 넓은 pH 범위를 가지고 있어 유기물 제거효율 보다 높게 나타나 하수처리장에서 최적의 응집제는 FeCl3 판단된다.
Thermo-mechanical modeling of semi-crystalline thermoplastic shape memory polymer under large strain (2017)

International audience
Practical Methods for Noise Removal: Applications to Spikes, Nonstationary Quasi-Periodic Noise, and Baseline Drift (2009)

A new approach to signal processing of analytical time-domain data is presented. It consists in identifying the types of noise, characterizing them, and subsequently subtracting them from the otherwise unprocessed data set. The algorithms have been successfully applied to three classes of noise commonly found in analytical signals: spikes, ripples, and baseline drift. Traditional filters have been used as an intermediary step to detect and remove spikes in the signal with 96.8% success. Adaptive ensemble average subtraction has been developed to remove nonstationary ripples that have similar time scales as the signal of interest. This method increased the signal-to-noise ratio by up to 250% and led to minimal distortion of the signal, unlike conventional Fourier filters. Finally the removal of baseline drift has been achieved by subtraction of a mathematical model for the baseline. These three methods are generic, computationally fast, and applicable to a wide range of analytical techniques. Full Matlab codes and examples are included as Supporting Information.
Identification of monoclonal antibodies reactive with the rat homolog of ICAM-1, and evidence for a differential involvement of ICAM-1 in the adherence of resting versus activated lymphocytes to high endothelial cells (1990)

We have produced four mAbs reactive with the rat homolog of ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1), and presented evidence to indicate that the ICAM-1 molecule plays a differential role in the binding between high endothelial cells and lymphocytes, depending on the state of lymphocyte activation. The conclusion that the four antibodies (1A29, 6A22, 10A25, 10A56) specifically recognize the rat ICAM-1 homolog was based on: (i) their ability to inhibit homotypic aggregation of PHA-blasts; (ii) SDS-PAGE analysis of the antigen recognized; (iii) antigen distribution as assessed by immunoperoxidase staining of frozen sections; and (iv) cytokine-induced up-regulation of the antigen. Involvement of the ICAM-1 molecule in lymphocyte binding to high endothelial cells, the vital step in lymphocyte extravasation in lymph nodes, was examined by the use of one of the newly developed antibodies, and it was found that binding of activated but not resting lymphocytes to cultured high endothelial cells was significantly blocked by the anti-ICAM-1, implying that ICAM-1 has differential involvement in the adherence of lymphocytes to high endothelial cells and that it may play an important role in dissemination of memory lymphocytes to systemic circulation by facilitating or strengthening the binding to the specialized postcapillary high endothelial venules (HEV).
Granular $\hbox{Co}_{3}\hbox{Pt}$ Thin Films With Perpendicular Hard Magnetic Properties for Perpendicular Magnetic Recording Media (2009)

The granular hcp Co <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> Pt nano-grains with large perpendicular coercivity (Hc <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">perp</sub> ) of 3800 Oe and high perpendicular squareness (S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">perp</sub> ) of 0.93 can be achieved by deposited 14 nm thickness of Co <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> Pt magnetic layer onto the Pt underlayer with thickness of 200 nm and annealing at low temperature of 300degC in a vacuum of 1 mTorr. It is found that the oxygen atoms would diffuse into Co <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> Pt layer through inter-grains to isolate Co <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> Pt grains and prevent grain growth that will decrease inter-grains interaction and enhance recording density of the magnetic film. This film revealed its prominent potential to be applied as perpendicular magnetic recording media for ultra high-density recording.
Cognitive function in schizophrenia (1997)

Impaired cognitive function in schizophrenia, once thought to be a secondary effect of the psychosis, is now seen as an enduring and core feature. It has many manifestations, but the most disruptive element is arguably a fundamental defect in the patient's ability to manipulate available information. The magnitude of the cognitive deficit in schizophrenia is considerable and remains relatively stable despite fluctuations in other symptoms. The degree of dysfunction also has a high predictive value for long-term disability. In recent years, more attention has been directed towards cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia as a result of which assessment scales and diagnostic systems increasingly incorporate cognitive dysfunction as an independent domain. Good cognitive function depends upon the brain's ability to prioritize tasks and to switch from parallel processing to sequential processing when the processing load is excessive. This requires working executive memory. Neuroimaging and functional analyses suggest that such cognitive function relies upon unimpaired prefrontal activity. In addition, there is increasing evidence that antipsychotic drugs with 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)2A-blocking activity produce better cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia than drugs with predominantly dopamine (D)2-blocking activity (conventional neuroleptics). The development of sophisticated, computer-delivered maze tasks has shown that newer antipsychotics, such as clozapine and risperidone, differ from conventional neuroleptics in their effects on cognitive function. The prospects, therefore, are that patients treated with drugs having 5-HT2A-blocking activity will have better cognitive function and will be better able to function in life's roles than will patients treated with conventional neuroleptics.
62.2: <i>Invited Paper</i> : Fast Electro‐Optical Switching in Polymer‐Stabilized Liquid Crystalline Blue Phases for Display Application (2007)

Abstract Blue phases have two major advantages over commonly used nematic phases:1) the response is much faster, 2) the zero‐electric field state is optically isotropic. We demonstrate the sufficiently large electric field‐induced birefringence and the micro‐second response of the polymer‐stabilized blue phases and the induced‐isotropic phases without any surface treatment.
Multi-compartment: A new architecture for secure co-hosting on SoC (2009)

Multi-compartment is a flexible, lightweight architecture for embedded systems that allows multiple protection domains (compartments) to securely share processing, memory and other system resources. Compartments run in physical address space and enjoy direct access to security-critical initiator devices, such as DMA devices, while remaining protected from one another.
Synthesis, Characterization, Crystal Structures, and Catalytic C–C Coupling and Hydrosilylation Reactions of Palladium(II) Complexes Derived from CNC Pincer‐Type N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes (2015)

Abstract A series of pyridine linker containing bis(benz)imidazolium salts serving as precursors to CNC pincer‐type N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands were prepared by successive N ‐alkylation of the azole core. Binuclear NHC complexes of silver(I) were synthesized by in situ deprotonation of the corresponding (benz)imidazolium salt with silver(I) oxide in acetonitrile at elevated temperature in the dark. Subsequently, pincer‐type palladium(II)–NHC complexes were prepared by transmetalation using silver(I)–NHC complexes in acetonitrile at elevated temperatures. All compounds were fully characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, and 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy. X‐ray diffraction studies on single crystals of three compounds confirmed the distorted square‐planar geometry around the palladium(II) center. All complexes are monomeric in nature, and the bis‐NHC ligand chelates in the CNC mode. The effective catalytic potentials of the palladium complexes were demonstrated by their high activities in aqueous‐phase Suzuki–Miyaura and Heck–Mizoroki cross‐coupling reactions of phenylboronic acid and n ‐butyl acrylate with a range of functionalized bromobenzene derivatives. The former coupling reaction afforded biphenyls in yields of 71–99 %, whereas the latter reaction evidenced low yields of the n ‐butyl cinnamates. Further, all the palladium complexes were studied for their potential in a catalytic hydrosilylation reaction.
Enhanced Brain Tumor Selectivity of Cationic Magnetic Polysaccharide Microspheres (1998)

A novel cationic delivery system composed of magnetic aminodextran microspheres (MADM) 1-2 microm in diameter was evaluated along with neutral magnetic dextran microspheres (MDM) for their ability to target intracerebral rat glioma-2 (RG-2) tumors in vivo. The tissue distribution of the microspheres was determined following intraarterial injection (25 mg/kg) over 2 min in male Fisher 344 rats bearing RG-2 tumors as well as normal animals with a magnetic field of 0 or 0.6 T applied to the brain for 30 min. Animals were sacrificed at 30 min or 6 h post-injection after which the microspheres were recovered from various tissues and analyzed for magnetite (Fe3O4) content by atomic absorption. Overall, administration of cationic MADM and neutral MDM particles in normal animals resulted in low brain tissue concentrations with the highest concentrations observed in lung and spleen tissue. In contrast, studies in brain tumor bearing animals resulted in cationic MADM particles concentrating in brain tumor at levels significantly higher than neutral MDM particles (p = 0.0111). Cationic particles were also retained in brain tissue over a longer period of time compared to neutral particles (p = 0.0161) with MADM tumor concentrations decreasing only 4% after 6h compared with a 32% decrease for MDM. Application of a magnetic field failed to produce any significant effect on tissue distribution due to high variability in these groups, but generally resulted in increased brain concentrations and decreased non-target tissue concentrations. TEM analysis of brain tissue sections in tumor animals also revealed differences in particle distribution with MADM particles observed in the interstitial space and MDM particles trapped in the vasculature. In summary, particle charge, state of the vascular endothelium and time significantly influenced particle distribution contributing to the ability of MADM to selectively target brain tumor and supports further investigation of magnetic cationic microspheres as a targeted drug delivery system for brain tumors.
Evaluation of the Left Atrial Appendage With Real-Time 3-Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography (2011)

RT3DTEE is more accurate than 2DTEE for the assessment of LAA orifice size. A progressive increase in LAA orifice area is observed with increasing frequency of AF.
A wearable respiration monitoring system based on digital respiratory inductive plethysmography (2009)

In this paper we present a wearable device for continuous monitoring of respiration signal and the associated algorithm for signal evaluations. The device took advantages of a proven respiratory inductive plethysmograph (RIP) technology and a wireless body sensor networks (BSN) development platform. The textile RIP sensor was integrated into a suit that could be comfortably worn around thorax or abdomen for monitoring respiration during sleep. A smart signal processing algorithm was implemented for extracting the dynamic respiration rate. The results of in-situ experiments from ten healthy subjects suggested that our system worked as intended. Due to the high reliability and low cost of our system it is believed to meet the future demands on home-based monitoring and diagnosis of sleep disorder-related diseases.
An electromagnetic fault injection sensor using Hogge phase-detector (2017)

Fault injection attack against embedded devices has attracted much attention in recent years. As a highly efficient fault injection, EM fault injection (EMFI) outperforms other injection means owing to its outstanding penetration capability in incurring local faults into security ICs. In this paper, we present an all digital countermeasure for detecting the on-the-fly EMFI attempts in silicon chips. The proposed logic consists of a watchdog ring-oscillator (RO), and a Hogge Phase Detector (PD) for sensing the frequency turbulence induced by the ongoing EMFIs. Experimental validation on Xilinx FPGA Virtex-5 FPGA reports a fault detection rate of 93.15% and a failure rate of 0.0069, with negligible overhead. A significant security margin for alerting the injection attempt is also noticeable. The technique is versatile and can be integrated in any VLSI design for its lightweight and all digital architecture, especially for the security-critical scenarios, such as the endpoints of Internet-of-Things (IoT).
Effects of Ambient Conditions on Helicopter Harmonic Noise Radiation: Theory and Experiment (2023)

The effects of ambient atmospheric conditions, air temperature, and density on rotor harmonic noise radiation are characterized using theoretical models and experimental measurements of helicopter noise collected at three different test sites at elevations ranging from sea level to 7000 ftabove sea level. Significant changes in the thickness, loading, and blade–vortex interaction noise levels and radiation directions are observed across the different test sites for an AS350 helicopter ying at the same indicated airspeed and gross weight. However, the radiated noise is shown to scale with ambient pressure when the flight condition of the helicopter is defined in nondimensional terms. Although the effective tip Mach number is identi ed as the primary governing parameter for thickness noise, the nondimensional weight coefficient also impacts lower harmonic loading noise levels, which contribute strongly to low-frequency harmonic noise radiation both in and out of the plane of the horizon. Strategies for maintaining the same nondimensional rotor operating condition under different ambient conditions are developed using an analytical model of single main rotor helicopter trim and confirmed using a CAMRAD II model of the AS350 helicopter. The ability of the Fundamental Rotorcraft Acoustics Modeling from Experiments (FRAME) technique to generalize noise measurements made under one set of ambient conditions to make accurate noise predictions under other ambient conditions is also validated.
Fuel cells and fuel cell catalysts (2023)

A direct organic fuel cell includes a formic acid fuel solution having between about 10% and about 95% formic acid. The formic acid is oxidized at an anode. The anode may include a Pt/Pd catalyst that promotes the direct oxidation of the formic acid via a direct reaction path that does not include formation of a CO intermediate.
Computational Cardiology (2018)

Computational cardiology is the scientific field devoted to the development of methodologies that enhance our mechanistic understanding, diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease. In this regard, the field embraces the extraordinary pace of discovery in imaging, computational modeling, and cardiovascular informatics at the intersection of atherogenesis and vascular biology. This paper highlights existing methods, practices, and computational models and proposes new strategies to support a multidisciplinary effort in this space. We focus on the means by that to leverage and coalesce these multiple disciplines to advance translational science and computational cardiology. Analyzing the scientific trends and understanding the current needs we present our perspective for the future of cardiovascular treatment.