gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Microbial Technology for Enhanced Oil Recovery and Sulfide Prevention and Reduction (1994)

Abstract A new technology based on the existence and microbial utilization of the preformed volatile fatty acid content of the reservoir waters, prevents sulfate reduction by sulfate reducing bacteria by the competitive removal of the volatile fatty acids in the reservoir waters. A new microbial population is developed in the presence of nitrate which has the capabilities of producing in-situ products such as gases and polymers — all known recovery agents. Laboratory investigations demonstrate the versatility and potential of the system to alter microbial populations by subtle changes in the reservoir waters. Core flooding data show increased oil production. This novel approach to prevent and reduce sulfide while at the same time to increase oil recovery is termed "Biocompetitive Exclusion". A microbial liability in the field is turned to an advantage and offers the petroleum industry a low cost methodology for reservoir control and stimulation.
Species-specific detection of Legionella using polymerase chain reaction and reverse dot-blotting (1996)

Legionella pneumophila and some other Legionella species are capable of causing Legionnaire's disease, a potentially fatal pneumonia. The identification of legionellae by standard laboratory techniques such as culture is difficult and time consuming. In the present work, the DNA sequence of the 23S-5S spacer region was determined for 43 Legionella isolates, and the sequence information was used to develop a species-specific detection system using PCR and reverse dot-blotting which employs just one PCR amplicon to perform genus- and species-specific detection. L. pneumophila serogroups 1-16 as well as 21 non-pneumophila isolates could be identified and differentiated at the species level using this system.
Accurate Calibration Line for Super-Precise Coefficient of Thermal Expansion Evaluation Technology of TiO<sub>2</sub>-Doped SiO<sub>2</sub> Ultra-Low-Expansion Glass Using the Line-Focus-Beam Ultrasonic Material Characterization System (2006)

We obtained an accurate relationship between the leaky surface acoustic wave (LSAW) velocities and TiO2 concentrations. Such a relationship is needed for the line-focus-beam ultrasonic material characterization (LFB-UMC) system as a new technology for evaluating the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of ultra-low-expansion glasses with extremely high precision. Using commercially available TiO2–SiO2 glass with periodic striae, averaged velocities for LSAW propagation parallel to the striae plane at 225 MHz and averaged TiO2 concentrations by X-ray fluorescence analysis were measured on the surface of seven specimen substrates prepared perpendicular to the striae plane. The obtained sensitivity of LSAW velocity to TiO2 concentration was -0.0601 wt %/(m/s), and the measurement resolution was estimated to be ±0.0084 wt % for ±2 σ (σ: standard deviation) from the LSAW velocity measurement resolution of ±0.14 m/s. The TiO2 concentration for the standard TiO2–SiO2 glass specimen with a LSAW velocity of 3308.18 m/s for system calibration was determined to be 7.09 wt %. This ultrasonic technology will contribute greatly to the development of the ultra-low-expansion glasses needed for extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) systems.
Metamaterial cathodes in multi-cavity magnetrons (2011)

The paper presents results of computer experiments performed for research to enhance operational parameters of multi-cavity magnetrons through using the metal-thin-wire (MTW) and the metal-split-ring (MSR) metamaterial structures as a cold (non-thermionic) cathode. It is demonstrated by particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of a generic 10-vane non-relativistic ultra-high frequency (UHF) magnetron that the output microwave power and the start-up time of this magnetron are improved by replacing either a solid or a transparent cathode by a bulk MTW metamaterial structure formed by an array of individual wires directed parallel to the axis of the magnetron (rodded cathode).
Review Gaucher disease asaparadigm ofcurrent issues regarding single genemutations ofhumans (1993)

ABSTRACT Gaucherdisease is a gly-colytic storage disease caused by a defi-ciency in activity of the catabolic enzymeglucocerebrosidase. Over 35differentmu- tations have been documented, includingmissense and nonsense point mutations,splicing mutations, deletions and inser- tions, afusiongene, andexamplesofgeneconversion. Gaucher disease is most com-mon in the AshkenaziJewish population,in whichjustfive ofthe mutations in thispopulationaccount for98%ofthedisease- producingalleles. Eachofthesemutationsis found in the context ofa single haplo-type, a finding consistent with a singleorigin of each mutation. Although it isclearthatthesemutations provide aselec- tive advantage in the Jewish population and thus constitute a balanced polymor-phism, the nature of the advantage is unknown. Gaucher disease can betreated symptomatically, by administrationofthe missing enzyme, byallogeneic bonemar- row transplantation, and potentially bygene transfer into hematopoietic stem cells. Increasingunderstanding
Cernunnos/XLF promotes the ligation of mismatched and noncohesive DNA ends (2007)

Nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) repairs DNA double-strand breaks created by ionizing radiation or V(D)J recombination of the immunoglobulin genes. The breaks often leave mismatched or nonligatable ends, and NHEJ must repair the breaks with high efficiency and minimal nucleotide loss. Here, the NHEJ proteins Ku, DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit, XRCC4/Ligase IV, and Cernunnos/XRCC4-like factor joined mismatched and noncohesive DNA ends in the absence of processing factors. Depending on the mismatch, Cernunnos stimulated joining 8- to 150-fold. For substrates with a blunt end and a 3' overhanging end, Ku, XRCC4/Ligase IV, and Cernunnos ligated the 3' overhanging hydroxyl group to the 5' phosphate of the blunt end, leaving the other strand unjoined. This activity provides a mechanism for retaining 3' overhang sequences, as observed during V(D)J recombination in vivo. Thus, Cernunnos/XRCC4-like factor promotes a mismatched end (MEnd) DNA ligase activity to facilitate joining and to preserve DNA sequence. Furthermore, MEnd ligase activity may have applications in recombinant DNA technology.
On Line Battery Capacity Estimation Based on Half-Cell Open Circuit Voltages (2014)

We report a promising approach for on-line estimating the capacity of a Li-ion battery based on half-cell open circuit voltages(OCV). Capacity estimation of a rechargeable battery is especially challenging for those on-line applications where a full charge or discharge of the battery is not allowed. Additionally, conventional OCV based capacity estimation methods do not work well for those batteries whose OCV∼SOC curves change substantially during their life. Based on the recent experimental findings we assume that the capacity loss is solely due to the loss of active Li-ions inventory, which enables us to derive the battery's OCV∼SOC curves at different ages using its half-cell OCV∼SOC curves at the beginning of life. The good agreement between the predicted and the measured curves at different cell ages (capacity states) justifies the accuracy of this derivation. The generated OCV∼SOC curves can be used as look-up table (LUT)s during battery use to determine the cell capacity in real time. We demonstrated the on-line battery capacity estimations with a discharge pulse on aged commercial Li-ion cells and achieved accuracies within 1% error. The half-cell OCV based approach offers a new and effective technique for on-line capacity estimation of Li-ion batteries.
Production of human macrophages with potent antitumor properties (MAK) by culture of monocytes in the presence of GM-CSF and 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3. (1993)

Antitumoral macrophages (MAK) were obtained by the culture of human mononuclear cells in hydrophobic bags. From one cytapheresis, up to 10(9) mature macrophages could be purified by elutriation after one week of culture in IMDM medium in the presence of 2% human AB serum. These MAK cells were used for adoptive treatment in metastatic cancer patient with no dose-limiting toxicity. The present study aimed to improve the average MAK yield by addition of GM-CSF and of dihydroxy-cholecalciferol. The differentiated macrophages obtained presented higher antitumoral functionality in response to rh-IFN gamma than in their absence. These MAK presented all the differentiation antigens of cytotoxic macrophages compared to MAK cells differentiated in standard medium. They killed human tumor targets effectively in vitro at a low (1/1) effector/tumor ratio; furthermore, the antitumoral activity reached by MAK cells after IFN gamma activation appeared to be stabilized for several days.
9.4: High Throughput Color Switch for Sequential Color Projection (2000)

Abstract A device is presented for non‐mechanical switching between transmission of red, green, and blue spectral bands. The ColorSwitch™ developed specifically for projection systems uses a unique two‐polarizer additive‐mode design. Three retarder stack‐based stages are cascaded, each independently operating on an additive primary. Attributes of the color switch include high transmission, fast switching, wide color gamut, wide acceptance angle and high power handling.
Implementing E-transactions with asynchronous replication (2001)

This paper describes a distributed algorithm that implements the abstraction of e-Transaction: a transaction that executes exactly-once despite failures. Our algorithm is based on an asynchronous replication scheme that generalizes well-known active-replication and primary-backup schemes. We devised the algorithm with a three-tier architecture in mind: the end-user interacts with front-end clients (e.g., browsers) that invoke middle-tier application servers (e.g., web servers) to access back-end databases. The algorithm preserves the three-tier nature of the architecture and introduces a very acceptable overhead with respect to unreliable solutions.
Binary phase-only filter associative memory (1992)

An associative memory is implemented by using a binary phase-only filter as the memory element in a two-focal-length (2-f) correlator architecture. A sharp autocorrelation peak, combined with the 2-f architecture, allows the noise to be separated adequately from the signal such that a simple plane mirror can be used in the correlation plane instead of a nonlinearity.
A microfluidic sensor for dynamic surface tension measurement (2005)

This paper reports on a hybrid polymeric microfluidic device with optical detection for droplet-based systems. The optical part of the device is integrated by a hybrid concept. The microfluidic structures were fabricated using CO<sub>2</sub> laser on PMMA (poly methylmethacrylate) substrate. The microfluidic network consists of two microchannels for forming droplets of an aqueous liquid in an immiscible carrier liquid. The optical component consists of two optical fibers for guiding laser light from the source, through the detection point, to a photo diode. The formed droplets pass the detection point and diffract the incoming laser light. The detected signal at the photo diode can be used for evaluating droplet size, droplet shape, and droplet formation frequency. The device can detect very high formation frequencies, which are not detectable using a conventional CCD camera/microscope setup.
Synthesis and characterization of phosphorus-containing polyamides and copolyamides based on 1methyl]-2,4- and -2,6-diaminobenzenes (1984)

Phosphorus containing polyamides and copolyamides were prepared from 1-(dialkoxyphosphinyl)methyl-2,4- and -2,6-diaminobenzenes. The polymers produced were characterized by infrared and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. Their thermal properties were compared with those of the corresponding common polyamides. In addition, by determining the limiting oxygen index value of some of these polyamides, their fire resistance was evaluated.
ChemInform Abstract: AZETIDINONE ANTIBIOTICS. 17. A REARRANGEMENT OF PENICILLIN SULFOXIDES TO 3‐METHYLENECEPHAMS VIA SULFINYL INTERMEDIATES (1976)

Abstract Die Penicillinsulfoxide (I) werden von Halogenierungsreagenzien unter Bildung der Sulfinylchloride (II) (am S mögliche epimere Formen) aufgespalten.
Constitutive Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signaling in Prostate Cancer Progression (2018)

Research on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has largely focused on its activation by various environmental toxins. Consequently, only limited inferences have been made regarding its constitutive activity in the absence of an exogenous ligands. Evidence has shown that AhR is constitutively active in advanced prostate cancer cell lines which model castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). CRPC cells can thrive in an androgen depleted environment. However, AR signaling still plays a major role. Although several mechanisms have been suggested for the sustained AR signaling, much is still unknown. Recent studies suggest that crosstalk between constitutive AhR and Src kinase may sustained AR signaling in CRPC. AhR forms a protein complex with Src and plays a role in regulating Src activity. Several groups have reported that tyrosine phosphorylation of AR protein by Src leads to AR activation, thereby promoting the development of CRPC. This review evaluates reports that implicate constitutive AhR as a key regulator of AR signaling in CRPC by utilizing Src as a signaling intermediate.
Grating interaction with supercontinuum light in microstructure fiber (2004)

We report study of supercontinuum generation and propagation through microstructure fiber modified by UV-imprinted fiber Bragg gratings. Local power enhancements were observed as the result of dominant grating dispersion at wavelengths close to the Bragg resonance.
Improved Weil and Tate pairings for elliptic and hyperelliptic curves (2003)

We present algorithms for computing the squared Weil and Tate pairings on elliptic curves and the squared Tate pairing for hyperelliptic curves. The squared pairings introduced in this paper have the advantage that our algorithms for evaluating them are deterministic and do not depend on a random choice of points. Our pairings save about 20-30% over the usual pairings.
Preparation and characterization of anti-HIV nanodrug targeted to microfold cell of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (2015)

The human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) still remains one of the leading life-threatening diseases in the world. The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy has significantly reduced disease morbidity and mortality. However, most of the drugs have variable penetrance into viral reservoir sites, including gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). Being the largest lymphoid organ, GALT plays a key role in early HIV infection and host-pathogen interaction. Many different treatment options have been proposed to eradicate the virus from GALT. However, it becomes difficult to deliver traditional drugs to the GALT because of its complex physiology. In this regard, we developed a polymer-based Pluronic nanocarrier containing anti-HIV drug called efavirenz (EFV) targeting Microfold cells (M-cells) in the GALT. M-cells are specialized epithelial cells that are predominantly present in the GALT. In this work, we have exploited this paracellular transport property of M-cells for targeted delivery of Pluronic nanocarrier tagged EFV, bioconjugated with anti-M-cell-specific antibodies to the GALT (nanodrug). Preliminary characterization showed that the nanodrug (EFV-F12-COOH) is of 140 nm size with 0.3 polydispersion index, and the zeta potential of the particles was -19.38±2.2 mV. Further, drug dissolution study has shown a significantly improved sustained release over free drugs. Binding potential of nanodrug with M-cell was also confirmed with fluorescence microscopy and in vitro uptake and release studies. The anti-HIV activity of the nanodrug was also significantly higher compared to that of free drug. This novel formulation was able to show sustained release of EFV and inhibit the HIV-1 infection in the GALT compared to the free drug. The present study has potential for our in vivo targeted nanodrug delivery system by combining traditional enteric-coated capsule technique via oral administration.
Accurate Contact Localization and Indentation Depth Prediction With an\n Optics-based Tactile Sensor (2018)

Traditional methods to achieve high localization accuracy with tactile\nsensors usually use a matrix of miniaturized individual sensors distributed on\nthe area of interest. This approach usually comes at a price of increased\ncomplexity in fabrication and circuitry, and can be hard to adapt for non\nplanar geometries. We propose to use low cost optic components mounted on the\nedges of the sensing area to measure how light traveling through an elastomer\nis affected by touch. Multiple light emitters and receivers provide us with a\nrich signal set that contains the necessary information to pinpoint both the\nlocation and depth of an indentation with high accuracy. We demonstrate\nsub-millimeter accuracy on location and depth on a 20mm by 20mm active sensing\narea. Our sensor provides high depth sensitivity as a result of two different\nmodalities in how light is guided through our elastomer. This method results in\na low cost, easy to manufacture sensor. We believe this approach can be adapted\nto cover non-planar surfaces, simplifying future integration in robot skin\napplications.\n
Automatic repairing of web wrappers (2001)

We study the problem of automatic repairing of wrappers for Web information providers. Majority of Web wrappers use "hooks'' or "landmarks'' to find and extract relevant information from Web pages and such wrappers often become inoperable when the page structure is changed. The solution we propose in this paper extends conventional forward wrappers with alternative classifiers built using content features of extracted information and wrappers processing pages backward. We report some preliminary results of the information extraction recovery and wrapper repairing for a set of real Web provider changes.
Complementation of Pulmonary Abnormalities in SP-D(−/−) Mice with an SP-D/Conglutinin Fusion Protein (2002)

Surfactant protein D (SP-D) and serum conglutinin are closely related members of the collectin family of host defense lectins. Although normally synthesized at different anatomic sites, both proteins participate in the innate immune response to microbial challenge. To discern the roles of specific domains in the function of SP-D in vivo, a fusion protein (SP-D/Cong(neck+CRD)) consisting of the NH(2)-terminal and collagenous domains of rat SP-D (rSP-D) and the neck and carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs) of bovine conglutinin (Cong) was expressed in the respiratory epithelium of SP-D gene-targeted (SP-D(-/-)) mice. While SP-D/Cong(neck+CRD) fusion protein did not affect lung morphology and surfactant phospholipid levels in the lungs of wild type mice, the chimeric protein substantially corrected the increased lung phospholipids in SP-D(-/-) mice. The SP-D/Cong(neck+CRD) fusion protein also completely corrected defects in influenza A clearance and inhibited the exaggerated inflammatory response that occurs following viral infection. However, the chimeric protein did not ameliorate the ongoing lung inflammation, enhanced metalloproteinase expression, and alveolar destruction that characterize this model of SP-D deficiency. By contrast, a single arm mutant (RrSP-D(Ser15,20)) partially restored antiviral activity but otherwise failed to rescue the deficient phenotype. Our findings directly implicate the CRDs of both SP-D and conglutinin in host defense in vivo. Our findings also strongly suggest that the molecular mechanisms underlying impaired pulmonary host defense and abnormal lipid metabolism are distinct from those that promote ongoing inflammation and the development of emphysema.
Ad Hoc Routing with Distributed Ordered Sequences (2006)

We propose a new hop-by-hop routing protocol for ad hoc wireless networks that uses a novel sequence number scheme to ensure loop-freedom at all times.We use a single large per-destination label space to order nodes in a topological sort (directed acyclic graph).Nodes manipulate the label set innetwork without needing destination-controlled resets, so path repair is localized.The label size is large enough that it should never be exhausted in the lifetime of any given network.Route request flooding is performed through a new method that exploits the inherent partial order of the network, so nodes can share RREQ floods.Whereas most previous route request pruning techniques create a request tree, the new technique creates a directed acyclic request graph.Simulation results compared to AODV, DSR and OLSR show that the new protocol has in most cases equivalent or better packet delivery ratio and latency, but with a fraction of the network load.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Properties of Chromophores of Fluorescent Proteins (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Bioresorbable polystatin fourth-generation stents (2013)

It preliminarily appears feasible to fabricate a fourth-generation bioresorbable stent that has the potential to deliver two drugs to the site of the procedure-related vessel lumen injury.
A model of random sequences for de novo peptide sequencing (2003)

We present a model for the probability of random sequences appearing in product ion spectra obtained from tandem mass spectrometry experiments using collision-induced dissociation. We demonstrate the use of these probabilities for ranking candidate peptide sequences obtained using a de novo algorithm. Sequence candidates are obtained from a spectrum graph that is greatly reduced in size from those in previous graph-theoretical de novo approaches. Evidence of multiple instances of subsequences of each candidate, due to different fragment ion type series as well as isotopic peaks, is incorporated in a hierarchical scoring scheme. This approach is shown to be useful for confirming results from database search and as a first step towards a statistically rigorous de novo algorithm.
Photonic-Crystal Surface-Emitting Lasers: Review and Introduction of Modulated-Photonic Crystals (2017)

Photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers (PCSELs) have attracted much attention for their unrivaled capabilities, such as broad area, coherent resonance, tailored beam patterns, and beam steering. In this paper, we first review the progress of PCSELs, then introduce a novel concept of modulated photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers (M-PCSELs) for realizing both lasing oscillation and on demand, beam diffraction for any two-dimensional direction in free space without the need for external elements. This unique concept paves the way toward the development of semiconductor lasers with completely controllable beams.
Low radio frequency biased electron cyclotron resonance plasma etching (1991)

A radio frequency (rf) biased electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma etching technology has been developed to realize an efficient ion acceleration in high density and uniform ECR plasma for accurate Al-Si-Cu alloy film etching. In this technology, the substrate is located at the ECR position (875 G position) and the etching is carried out with a 400 kHz rf bias power. This Al-Si-Cu etching technology achieves a high etching rate (more than 5000 A/min), excellent etching uniformity (within ±5%), highly anisotropic etching, and Cu residue-free etching in only Cl2 gas plasma. These etching characteristics are accomplished by the combination of the dense and uniform ECR plasma generation at the ECR position with the efficient accelerated ion flux at the ECR position by using 400 kHz rf bias.