gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Precipitation Process and Apparatus Therefor (2023)

This invention concerns an apparatus for remotely-controlled precipitation and filtration operations. Liquid within a precipitation chamber is maintained above a porous member by introducing air beneath the member; pressure beneath the porous member is reduced to suck the liquid through the member and effect filtration.
Towards bridging online game playing and live broadcasting (2015)

Recent years have witnessed the emergence and growth of Cloud Gaming, where players interact with the remote game instance and receive rendered game scenes in video stream. Meanwhile, broadcasting and viewing games through live streaming platforms, e.g., Twitch.tv, have become increasingly popular. The interaction and performance of the many modules involved in this new generation of gaming and streaming platforms have yet to be closely investigated. In this paper, we present an initial experiment-based performance study, in which we profile the architecture of realworld gaming and streaming platforms, namely the Open Broadcast Software (OBS) module and its connection to the Twitch server. Our investigation shows that the recording operation can greatly increase the CPU utilization and the power consumption can increase over 60% on the game streaming computer. The use of advanced hardware encoding found on modern GPUs can greatly alleviate these performance issues. Yet, through profiling, we show that hardware encoding can introduce remarkable delays to the whole pipeline. We track this to a complicated interplay between the CPUs power saving methods and the implementation of hardware encoders.
Matrix "Bit" loaded (2010)

The Semantic Web community, until now, has used traditional database systems for the storage and querying of RDF data. The SPARQL query language also closely follows SQL syntax. As a natural consequence, most of the SPARQL query processing techniques are based on database query processing and optimization techniques. For SPARQL join query optimization, previous works like RDF-3X and Hexastore have proposed to use 6-way indexes on the RDF data. Although these indexes speed up merge-joins by orders of magnitude, for complex join queries generating large intermediate join results, the scalability of the query processor still remains a challenge.
Identification of the MAP2- and P75-binding domain in the regulatory subunit (RII beta) of type II cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Cloning and expression of the cDNA for bovine brain RII beta. (1990)

cDNA clones coding for the regulatory subunit (RII beta) of type II cAMP-dependent protein kinase were isolated from a bovine brain cDNA expression library in lambda gt11. The cDNA codes for a protein of 418 amino acids which is 98% homologous to the rat and human RII beta proteins. A series of expression vectors coding for truncated RII beta proteins were constructed in pATH plasmids and fusion proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli. Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies made against purified bovine brain RII were immunoreactive with the fusion proteins on Western blots. The expressed RII beta-fusion proteins were used in overlay assays to identify the region in RII beta which binds to microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) and to the 75,000-dalton calmodulin-binding protein (P75) (Sarkar, D., Erlichman, J., and Rubin, C.S. (1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259, 9844-9846) in bovine brain. Fusion protein containing amino acids 1-50 of the RII beta NH2 terminus (RII beta(1-50)] bound to both MAP2 and P75 immobilized on nitrocellulose filters. A pATH11-directed fusion protein containing the 31 amino acid RII-binding site of the human MAP2 protein (MAP2(31)) (Rubino, H.M., Dammerman, M., Shafit-Zagardo, B., and Erlichman, J. (1989) Neuron 3, 631-638) also bound RII beta-fusion proteins containing RII beta amino acids 1-50. Three fusion proteins, RII beta(1-25), RII beta(25-96), and RII beta(1-265,25-96 deleted) did not bind to MAP2(31) nor P75. The results showed that the binding domain for MAP2 and P75 was located within the NH2-terminal 50 amino acids of RII beta. Preincubation of bovine heart protein kinase II alpha and RII beta(1-50) with MAP2(31) prevented their binding to both P75 and MAP2(31) that were immobilized on nitrocellulose, suggesting that the binding sites for MAP2 and P75 are located near each other or that the same site on RII was binding to both proteins.
Deformation-based loop closure for large scale dense RGB-D SLAM (2013)

In this paper we present a system for capturing large scale dense maps in an online setting with a low cost RGB-D sensor. Central to this work is the use of an “as-rigid-as-possible” space deformation for efficient dense map correction in a pose graph optimisation framework. By combining pose graph optimisation with non-rigid deformation of a dense map we are able to obtain highly accurate dense maps over large scale trajectories that are both locally and globally consistent. With low latency in mind we derive an incremental method for deformation graph construction, allowing multi-million point maps to be captured over hundreds of metres in real-time. We provide benchmark results on a well established RGB-D SLAM dataset demonstrating the accuracy of the system and also provide a number of our own datasets which cover a wide range of environments, both indoors, outdoors and across multiple floors.
Extended DTLS Session Resumption for Constrained Network Environments (2013)

This draft defines two extensions for the existing session resumption
mechanisms of TLS that specifically apply to Datagram TLS (DTLS) in
constrained network environments. Session resumption type negotiation
enables the client and the server to explicitly agree on the session
resumption mechanism for subsequent handshakes, thus avoiding
unnecessary overheads occurring with the existing specifications.
Session resumption without client-side state additionally enables a
constrained DTLS client to resume a session without the need to
maintain state while the session is inactive. The extensions defined
in this draft update [RFC5077] and [RFC5246].
Cystine Uptake and Glutathione Level in Fetal Brain Cells in Primary Culture and in Suspension (1993)

The glutathione level and the factors affecting this level were investigated in fetal rat brain cells in a primary culture. Early in the culture, the glutathione level of the brain cells decreased, but after 5 h it began to increase. This increase was not observed in a cystine-free medium and was prevented by excess glutamate. Cystine was taken up in freshly isolated brain cell suspensions, and its rate increased during the culture. The cystine uptake was mediated by a Na(+)-independent, glutamate-sensitive route previously found in various types of cells and designated as system X-c. The uptake of cystine is a crucial factor in maintaining the glutathione level of the cells under culture, because it provides cysteine for the cells for glutathione synthesis. Cysteine was undetectable in the medium before the culture, but it appeared, though at a very low level, when the brain cells were cultured there. The source of this cysteine was the cystine in the medium. Presumably the decrease in the glutathione level of the cells in the early stage of the culture resulted from the fact that the medium did not contain cysteine. The enhancement of the cystine uptake during culture may constitute a protective mechanism against the oxidative stress to which the cultured cells are exposed. Regulation of the glutathione level in fetal brain cells in vivo by the transport of cystine and cysteine is discussed.
Disc inverter in highly integrated 9-phase drivetrain for E-mobility (2015)

The paper describes the mechatronic integration of a nine phase electric motor and inverter for an electric car. Special focus is on the electronic development of a disc shaped 9-phase IGBT inverter integrated into the motor lid. The drive comprises automotive functional safe multicore ECU, rotational symmetric layout and sensor redundancy.
Occluded face recognition using parts-based representation methods (2006)

Occluded face recognition performances of four different parts-based representation approaches are presented. The methods under investigation are: a) nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF); b) local NMF (LNMF); c) independent components analysis (ICA); d) neural autoassociators (NA). A systematic comparative analysis is conducted in terms of distance metric used and number of selected features on AR and Olivetti databases. Simulation results indicate superior performances of specific design solutions over classical holistic approaches based on principal components analysis (PCA).
A method to estimate the energy consumption of deep neural networks (2017)

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have enabled state-of-the-art accuracy on many challenging artificial intelligence tasks. While most of the computation currently resides in the cloud, it is desirable to embed DNN processing locally near the sensor due to privacy, security, and latency concerns or limitations in communication bandwidth. Accordingly, there has been increasing interest in the research community to design energy-efficient DNNs. However, estimating energy consumption from the DNN model is much more difficult than other metrics such as storage cost (model size) and throughput (number of operations). This is due to the fact that a significant portion of the energy is consumed by data movement, which is difficult to extract directly from the DNN model. This work proposes an energy estimation methodology that can estimate the energy consumption of a DNN based on its architecture, sparsity, and bitwidth. This methodology can be used to evaluate the various DNN architectures and energy-efficient techniques that are currently being proposed in the field and guide the design of energy-efficient DNNs. We have released an online version of the energy estimation tool at energyestimation.mit.edu. We believe that this method will play a critical role in bridging the gap between algorithm and hardware design and provide useful insights for the development of energy-efficient DNNs.
A Liquid Crystal “Heat Switch” (1987)

A novel method of controlling heat flow from a surface is discussed. The method employs a nematic liquid crystal. A convective motion of the liquid crystal can be induced by subjecting it to either an AC or DC electric field. If the liquid crystal is used to transfer heat between two surfaces, the heat transfer rate can be controlled by varying the electric field strength. It is shown that the heat transfer rate through a thin layer of the liquid crystal can be increased by 25 limes when an electric field is present. This paper briefly discusses the physical phenomena that induce the convective motion in the liquid crystal due to the electric field. Experiments to determine the effects of field strength and gap distance on the enhancement of the heat transfer rate are discussed. An abrupt change in the rate of increase of the heat transfer rate with increasing voltage was found and is believed to be caused by a change in the fluid flow structure. This “heat switch” may find applications in aerospace and electronics cooling situations in which heat must be removed from a surface periodically while at other times the surface must remain insulated.
Using Technology (2001)

Technology can now help you to carry out a wide range of mathematical tasks. Computer algrebra systems such as Mathcad, Mathematica and Derive allow for the completion of numerical calculations, the manipulation of symbols and the production of visual images. Some hand-held graphical calculators afford similar capabilities. Programming languages allow for the completion of an even wider range of tasks. Then there are geometrical software packages that enable the manipulation of geometrical objects and interactive graphical tools for producing and working with visual images. There are spreadsheets and software that enable you to calculate relevant statistics.
Positioning of Longitudinal Nerves in <i>C. elegans</i> by Nidogen (2000)

Basement membranes can help determine pathways of migrating axons. Although members of the nidogen (entactin) protein family are structural components of basement membranes, we find that nidogen is not required for basement membrane assembly in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Nidogen is localized to body wall basement membranes and is required to direct longitudinal nerves dorsoventrally and to direct axons at the midlines. By examining migration of a single axon in vivo, we show that nidogen is required for the axon to switch from circumferential to longitudinal migration. Specialized basement membranes may thus regulate nerve position.
Stereospecificity of L-myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (1981)

Partially purified preparations of L-myo-inositol.-1-phosphate synthase (EC 5.5.1.4) from testis and mammary gland of laboratory rats (Rattus norvegicus) were used to show that this enzyme is specific for the pro-S hydrogen at C-4 of its cofactor, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). pro-S specificity of the first step (reversible oxidation of glucose 6-phosphate to 5-ketoglucose 6-phosphate) was proved by showing that tritium is transferred from [pro-S-4-3H]NADH but not from [pro-R-4-3H]NADH to glucose 6-phosphate when they are incubated with enzyme. That the stereospecificity in the second oxidation--reduction step (reduction of myo-inosose-2 1-phosphate to myo-inositol 1-phosphate) is the same as in the first step was shown by demonstrating that tritium from [5-3H]glucose 6-phosphate is incorporated into myo-inositol but not into NAD+ and that tritium from [4-3H]NAD+ is not incorporated into myo-inositol
Norton equivalent model of microprocessor core noise from measurements (2002)

A methodology for modeling microprocessor core noise using a Norton equivalent model from measurements is presented. A core noise model of a packaged 266 MHz PowerPC 604e/sup TM/ microprocessor for the initial transient is derived and verified.
Structural Relaxation Made Simple (2006)

We introduce a simple local atomic structure optimization algorithm which is significantly faster than standard implementations of the conjugate gradient method and often competitive with more sophisticated quasi-Newton schemes typically used in ab initio calculations. It is based on conventional molecular dynamics with additional velocity modifications and adaptive time steps. The surprising efficiency and especially the robustness and versatility of the method is illustrated using a variety of test cases from nanoscience, solid state physics, materials research, and biochemistry.
영어 수업에서 언어사회화로써의 유머의 사용 (2016)

이 연구는 대학생들의 ESL 영어작문 수업에서 유머의 이해와 사용을 통해서 언어 사회화를 어떻게 보여주는지를 조사한다. 언어사회화 과정을 조사하기 위해, 연구자는 영어원어민 선생님의 유머사용과, 그 유머의 사용이 수업에 어떤 영향을 미치는지, 그리고 유머에 대한 학생들의 반응을 분석해보았다. ESL 작문 수업에서 1명의 영어 원어민 선생님과 20명의 다양한 국적을 가진 학생들을 수업을 관찰한다. 6번의 수업에 참여하여 비디오 녹화와, 전사자료, 그리고 필드 노트를 데이터로 수집했다. 분석을 통해, 세 가지 측면의 유머이해와 사용을 통한 언어사회화가 나타났다. 언어사회화는 수업 속에서 미세하고 복잡한 과정을 보여주며, 유머의 이해와 사용은 학생들의 언어적인 능력뿐 아니라 그 언어에 대한 사회적, 문화적인 능력을 나타냄을 발견했다.
Vital-Jacket ® : A wearable wireless vital signs monitor for patients' mobility in cardiology and sports (2010)

The Vital Jacket® (VJ) is a wearable vital signs monitoring system that joins textiles with microelectronics. After several years of development within the university lab, it has been licensed to a start-up company. Its evolutions have focused on cardiology and sports and scaled down from a jacket to a single T-shirt. The VJ manufacturing process has recently been certified to comply with the standards ISO9001 and ISO13485 and the cardiology version was approved as a Medical Device for the European market compliant with the MDD directive 42/93/CE, holding the CE1011 mark. The authors intend to wear VJs during the days of the congress to demonstrate its usefulness in first hand and will exemplify the different scenarios of use of this innovative wearable intelligent garment.
Different proteome pattern of epidermal growth factor receptor–positive colorectal cancer cell lines that are responsive and nonresponsive to C225 antibody treatment (2004)

The monoclonal antibody C225 directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) blocks downstream mitogenic signaling and is effective in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Clinical data, however, suggest the presence of primary and secondary resistance mechanisms that are hardly understood. To define proteins involved in EGFR-triggered growth regulation and potential resistance mechanisms, we characterized the proteome profile of two colorectal cancer cell lines with a high expression of functional EGFR but a different response to treatment with C225. In Caco-2 and HRT-18, a complete saturation of EGFR was achieved after incubation with C225; whereas Caco-2 showed inhibition of proliferation, growth of HRT-18 was not suppressed. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis and subsequent mass spectrometry, we identified 14 proteins differentially expressed in both cell lines. All proteins are involved in metabolic pathways and malignant growth. Expression of enzymes such as ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme 1, glutathione S-transferase P, and chloride intracellular channel protein 1 does not seem to interfere with the antiproliferative effect of anti-EGFR antibody. On the other hand, expression of proteins such as fatty acid binding protein and heat shock protein 27 might constitute strong antiapoptotic effects contributing to the nonresponse of HRT-18 to C225 treatment. Proteome-based investigations can help us better understand the complex protein interactions involved in EGFR signaling and its blockage by therapeutic monoclonal antibodies.
Identification of Proteins and Peptide Biomarkers for Detecting Banned Processed Animal Proteins (PAPs) in Meat and Bone Meal by Mass Spectrometry (2016)

The outbreak of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in the United Kingdom in 1986, with processed animal proteins (PAPs) as the main vector of the disease, has led to their prohibition in feed. The progressive release of the feed ban required the development of new analytical methods to determine the exact origin of PAPs from meat and bone meal. We set up a promising MS-based method to determine the species and the source (legal or not) present in PAPs: a TCA-acetone protein extraction followed by a cleanup step, an in-solution tryptic digestion of 5 h (with a 1:20 protein/trypsin ratio), and mass spectrometry analyses, first without any a priori, with a Q-TOF, followed by a targeted triple-quadrupole analysis. Using this procedure, we were able to overcome some of the major limitations of the official methods to analyze PAPs, detecting and identifying prohibited animal products in feedstuffs by the monitoring of peptides specific for cows, pigs, and sheep in PAPs.
A Two-Stage Framework for Automated Malignant Pulmonary Nodule Detection in CT Scans (2020)

This research is concerned with malignant pulmonary nodule detection (PND) in low-dose CT scans. Due to its crucial role in the early diagnosis of lung cancer, PND has considerable potential in improving the survival rate of patients. We propose a two-stage framework that exploits the ever-growing advances in deep neural network models, and that is comprised of a semantic segmentation stage followed by localization and classification. We employ the recently published DeepLab model for semantic segmentation, and we show that it significantly improves the accuracy of nodule detection compared to the classical U-Net model and its most recent variants. Using the widely adopted Lung Nodule Analysis dataset (LUNA16), we evaluate the performance of the semantic segmentation stage by adopting two network backbones, namely, MobileNet-V2 and Xception. We present the impact of various model training parameters and the computational time on the detection accuracy, featuring a 79.1% mean intersection-over-union (mIoU) and an 88.34% dice coefficient. This represents a mIoU increase of 60% and a dice coefficient increase of 30% compared to U-Net. The second stage involves feeding the output of the DeepLab-based semantic segmentation to a localization-then-classification stage. The second stage is realized using Faster RCNN and SSD, with an Inception-V2 as a backbone. On LUNA16, the two-stage framework attained a sensitivity of 96.4%, outperforming other recent models in the literature, including deep models. Finally, we show that adopting a transfer learning approach, particularly, the DeepLab model weights of the first stage of the framework, to infer binary (malignant-benign) labels on the Kaggle dataset for pulmonary nodules achieves a classification accuracy of 95.66%, which represents approximately 4% improvement over the recent literature.
Assessing quality of care: what are the implications of the potential lack of sensitivity of outcome measures to differences in quality? (1996)

Measuring outcome can be an insensitive way to detect differences in the quality of health care. This paper captures the implications of this poor sensitivity for the interpretation of studies of outcome that compare provider performance, and considers in what circumstances monitoring outcome might be useful. When interpreting studies, it is important to consider the size of the effect that a difference in the quality of care might be expected to have on outcome and whether it is likely that important differences in quality might not have been detected. It is argued that outcome measures may be of value when how you do something is as important as what you do, when process measures are invalid or impractical, and when the overall effectiveness of an intervention is critically dependent upon its complication rate.
Security Analysis of SCOS-3 Block Cipher against a Related-Key Attack (2009)

Recently, several DDP, DDO and COS-based block ciphers have been proposed for hardware implementations with low cost. However, most of them are vulnerable to related-keyt attacks. A 12-round block cipher SCOS-3 is desinged to eliminate the weakness of DDP, DDO and COS-based block ciphers. In this paper, we propose a related-key differential attack on an 11-round reduced SCOS-3. The attack on an 11-round reduced SCOS-3 requires related-key chosen plaintexts and 11-round reduced SCOS-3 encryptions. This work is the first known attack on SCOS-3. Therefore, SCOS-3 is still vulnerable to related-key attacks.
Composition and Structure of Phytic Acid Derivatives from Rice Bran (2018)

A novel phosphorus-containing product extracted from rice bran, a rice production by-product from the Far Eastern selection, was isolated. Its composition and structure were determined by chemical methods and IR (Infrared), NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) (1H, 13C, 31P) spectroscopy, and X-ray phase analysis. Physicochemical characteristics such as moisture, bulk density, pH of the aqueous suspension, and water solubility under different conditions of the phosphorus-containing product were obtained.
Suppression of Dynamic Cross-saturation in Multiwavelength Lightwave Networks with Inhomogeneously Broadened Fiber Amplifiers (1993)

With the current surge of interest in multiwavelength lightwave networks [1,2], much attention has focused on the fiber-amplifier cascades they will require. Two serious performance issues have surfaced. First, due to the amplifiers’ non-flat gain spectra, less-favored wavelengths will tend to exponentially decay along the cascade, dropping eventually to undetectable levels. Second, because the amplifiers saturate on a total power basis, adding or rerouting channels in a multi-access network will tend to perturb other signal wavelengths sharing all or part of the route. Although this perturbation will generally be small in a single amplifier, it will grow rapidly along a cascade. Network reconfigurations directly involving a few wavelengths will thus generate both steady-state and dynamic power excursions for all wavelengths.