gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A gate dielectric that enables high ambipolar mobilities in polymer light-emitting field-effect transistors (2008)

Polymer light-emitting field-effect transistors (LEFETs) require high and balanced electron and hole mobilities to achieve high current densities. Here we demonstrate a novel gate dielectric for polymer LEFETs that enables mobilities of 0.01cm2∕Vs for both electrons and holes. The low-k dielectric polycyclohexylethylene is placed in direct contact with the poly(9,9-di-n-octylfluorene-alt-benzothiadiazole) semiconductor. A second dielectric layer comprising the high-k material poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) is used to apply a high electric field onto the low-k dielectric layer. The attainable electron-hole recombination current in such optimized polymer LEFETs is measured and the implications for achieving electrically pumped lasing in a LEFET are discussed.
Reliable technique of Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy – A Pilot Study (2016)

Introduction Over last two decades endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy has gained popularity over external dacryocystorhinostomy for post-canalicular obstruction. But the success rate is not very satisfactory. Our objective is to describe a technique where near 100% success can be achieved. Materials and Methods The study was conducted on 92 patients over 4 years and 6 months. The technique we describe involves creation of a large ostium, creation and apposition of nasal and lacrimal sac mucosal flaps. All the patients were under regular follow-up for12 months after operation. We also compared our result with other techniques. Results  The neo-ostium was well healed and free flow of normal saline was seen in 90 cases (97.83%) post-operatively. In one case there was ostium fibrosis and in another case granulations were seen. Conclusion For the past few decades many approaches have been tried for endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy. But the long term success rates have not been satisfactory. Our technique of creating large stoma and proper mucosal apposition, when done properly gives near 100% success.
Nuclear magnetic resonance microscopy with 4‐μm resolution: Theoretical study and experimental results (1988)

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) microscopy with 4-microns resolution, a step closer to the 1-micron resolution with which in vivo cellular imaging would be possible is described. An analysis of the ultimate resolution and voxel size dependent signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in NMR microscopy is presented and experimentally verified. For microscopic scale objects (less than 1-mm diameter), the SNR based on the geometrical scale factor(s) is found to be proportional to sn where n less than 2, rather than n = 3 as previously supposed. This comes about because of a drastic reduction in sample noise coupled with a significant sensitivity gain realized in small diameter radiofrequency coils. A new pulse sequence which reduces both diffusion dependent resolution degradation and signal attenuation is presented. The selection of optimal bandwidth and acquisition time for maximal SNR is discussed. Experimental results obtained on both a 2.0-T whole-body system and a 7.0-T small bore system adapted for microscopy indicate the potentials of 4-microns resolution microscopy with the existing magnets.
The promise of cryogenic solid-state lasers (2005)

Cryogenic cooling of solid-state lasers has a number of important benefits, including the near vanishing of optical distortion in high average power lasers, as well as enhanced spectroscopic and lasing properties. These benefits are just beginning to be exploited to produce compact high average power lasers whose output is scalable, near diffraction limited, and whose efficiencies will exceed those of modern bulk solid-state lasers. In this paper, we review the history of cryogenically cooled solid-state lasers and the benefits of cryogenic cooling, including optical and laser properties and thermal and thermooptic properties; examine cryogenic amplifiers and cooling methods, including a straight-through propagation thin-disk configuration that does not perform well at room temperature, and summarize the experimental performance demonstrated to date. As a specific example, we examine the spectroscopic and lasing properties of Yb:YAG and show that compact high efficiency and high average power, near diffraction limited lasers (>100 kW) can be realized in the near future using presently available technology.
Dynamical Generation of Noiseless Quantum Subsystems (2000)

We combine dynamical decoupling and universal control methods for open quantum systems with coding procedures. By exploiting a general algebraic approach, we show how appropriate encodings of quantum states result in obtaining universal control over dynamically generated noise-protected subsystems with limited control resources. In particular, we provide a constructive scheme based on two-body Hamiltonians for performing universal quantum computation over large noiseless spaces which can be engineered in the presence of arbitrary linear quantum noise.
Fiber Bragg grating-based temperature sensor for neutral gas in capacitively coupled plasmas (2016)

A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) has been utilized in capacitively coupled plasmas (CCP) for thermometry of neutral gas. We studied the effects of high frequency and low frequency power on radial distribution of neutral gas temperature. The result shows that the neutral gas temperature increases with increasing high frequency power. However, the presence of low frequency power will decrease the neutral gas temperature. Particularly, we eliminated the effect of ion bombardment on temperature measurement by studying axial distribution near plasma–sheath boundary. With features of immune to electromagnetic interference, high precision, and spatial resolving power, the FBG is a commendable candidate for CCP or other radio-frequency plasmas thermometry in both laboratory and industry.
Retroreflective array as resonator mirror (1980)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text P. Mathieu and P. A. Bélanger, "Retroreflective array as resonator mirror," Appl. Opt. 19, 2262-2264 (1980) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Enhancing filter robustness in cascaded GPS-INS integrations (1994)

Filter robustness is defined herein as the ability of the Global Positioning System/Inertial Navigation System (GPS-INS) Kalman filter to cope with adverse environments and input conditions, to successfully identify such conditions and to take evasive action. The formulation of two such techniques for a cascaded GPS-INS Kalman filter integration is discussed This is an integration in which the navigation solution from a GPS receiver is used as a measurement in the filter to estimate inertial errors and instrument biases. The first technique presented discusses the handling of GPS position biases. These are due to errors in the GPS satellite segment, and are known to be unobservable. They change levels when a satellite constellation change occurs, at which point they introduce undesirable filter response transients. A method of suppressing these transients is presented. The second technique presented deals with the proper identification of the filter measurement noise. Successful formulation of the noise statistics is a factor vital to the healthy estimation of the filter gains and operation. Furthermore, confidence in the formulation of these statistics can lead to the proper screening and rejection of bad data in the filter. A method of formulating the filter noise statistics dynamically based on inputs from the GPS and the INS is discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Genes Affecting the Cell Cycle, Growth, Maintenance, and Drug Sensitivity Are Preferentially Regulated by Anti-HER2 Antibody through Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase-AKT Signaling (2004)

The molecular mechanisms by which the anti-HER2 antibodies trastuzumab and its murine equivalent 4D5 inhibit tumor growth and potentiate chemotherapy are not fully understood. Inhibition of signaling through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT pathway may be particularly important. Treatment of breast cancer cells that overexpress HER2 with trastuzumab inhibited HER2-HER3 association, decreased PDK1 activity, reduced Thr-308 and Ser-473 phosphorylation of AKT, and reduced AKT enzymatic activity. To place the role of PI3K-AKT in perspective, gene expression was studied by using Affymetrix microarrays and real time reverse transcription-PCR. Sixteen genes were consistently down-regulated 2.0-4.9-fold in two antibody-treated breast cancer cell lines. Fourteen of the 16 genes were involved in three major functional areas as follows: 7 in cell cycle regulation, particularly of the G(2)-M; 5 in DNA repair/replication; and 2 in modifying chromatin structure. Of the 16 antibody-regulated genes, 64% had roles in cell growth/maintenance and 52% contributed to the cell cycle. Direct inhibition of PI3K with an inhibitor markedly reduced expression of 14 genes that were also affected by the antibody. Constitutive activation of AKT1 blocked the effect of the anti-HER2 antibody on cell cycle arrest and on eight differentially expressed genes. The antibody enhanced docetaxel-induced growth inhibition but did not increase the fraction of apoptotic cells induced with docetaxel alone. In contrast, the antibody plus docetaxel markedly down-regulated two genes, HEC and DEEPEST, required for passage through G(2)-M. Thus, anti-HER2 antibody preferentially affects genes contributing to cell cycle progression and cell growth/maintenance, in part through the PI3K-AKT signaling. Transcriptional regulation by anti-HER2 antibody through PI3K-AKT pathway may potentiate the growth inhibitory activity of docetaxel by affecting cell cycle progression.
Intra- and interpopulational variability of thermal properties of maize starch. (1990)

The variability in thermal properties of laboratory-isolated strach from five open-pollinated populations of genetically variable maize was evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Each population was represented by ears from four self-pollinated plants, and starch from five kernels of each ear was individually extracted and analyzed. The data among populations showed significant differences (P<0.05) in the DSC values of the isolated starch (...)
5-Methylthio Ninhydrin and Related Compounds: A Novel Class of Fluorogenic Fingerprint Reagents (1992)

Abstract Ninhydrin derivatives bearing sulfur-containing groups at position 5 exhibit excellent properties as fluorogenic fingerprint reagents on paper. Their sensitivity markedly exceeds that of ninhydrin and even that of 5-methoxy ninhydrin. Preliminary experiments indicate it as equal to or better than 1–8-diazafluorene-9-one (DFO). One member of this group, 5-methylthio ninhydrin, has been recently declared an operational fingerprint developer in our laboratory.
Patterns of viewing behaviour during advertisement breaks in different television programmes : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Marketing at Massey University (2002)

This thesis sets out to examine the viewing behaviour of television audiences during advertising breaks. The results reported are based on the analysis of in-home video recordings of 14 families watching television in their own homes over an 8-day period. In total, the viewing of 6017 advertisements was examined, and the status of the viewer was recorded at 3-second intervals. Each 3-second observation was accorded one of four possible states: the viewers were directing their attention to the screen (EOS only); they were directing their attention to the screen but engaging in additional behaviours (EOS + behaviour); they were not directing their attention to the screen (No EOS); or they were not present. Across all advertisements, visual attention to the screen was generally low, despite viewers being present for a high proportion of the time during the ad breaks. Viewers were present during the ad breaks for 78% of the time, but were only paying attention to the screen fully 14% (EOS only), and looking as well as doing something else simultaneously 11% of the time (EOS + behaviour). About half the time during the ad break (52%), no one was looking at the screen. However, more significantly for advertisers, ad-viewing behaviour differed by programme type. For example, some programmes could command as much as eight times the proportion of eyes-on-screen time than other programmes. Moreover, the proportions of particular ad-viewing behaviour differ in an unpredictable way for different programmes. Thus different conclusions might be reached when for an example, an advertiser sought to optimise a media plan in terms of EOS only than when the choice was made to optimise another characteristic of ad viewing, say eye-on-screen and doing something else simultaneously (EOS + behavior). In examining three specific methods of classifying programmes, none of them provided workable descriptions of ad-viewing behaviour. This problem manifests itself in a number of ways, but primarily, the aggregation of programmes into categories masks considerable within-group variation, pointing to the need to consider the effect of programmes at a much more disaggregate level, perhaps even to the extent of considering each episode or segment of the programme before the ad break separately. Thus, this research has raised questions about programme ratings and demonstrated that the size of an audience may not reflect how attentive that audience is. Even programmes of small audience sizes may have a high proportion of attentive ad viewers and may thus be of interest to advertisers since advertisements placed within such programmes may be equally (if not more) effective than programmes with a larger audience size.
The promise of γδ T cells and the γδ T cell receptor for cancer immunotherapy (2015)

γδ T cells form an important part of adaptive immune responses against infections and malignant transformation. The molecular targets of human γδ T cell receptors (TCRs) remain largely unknown, but recent studies have confirmed the recognition of phosphorylated prenyl metabolites, lipids in complex with CD1 molecules and markers of cellular stress. All of these molecules are upregulated on various cancer types, highlighting the potential importance of the γδ T cell compartment in cancer immunosurveillance and paving the way for the use of γδ TCRs in cancer therapy. Ligand recognition by the γδ TCR often requires accessory/co-stimulatory stress molecules on both T cells and target cells; this cellular stress context therefore provides a failsafe against harmful self-reactivity. Unlike αβ T cells, γδ T cells recognise their targets irrespective of HLA haplotype and therefore offer exciting possibilities for off-the-shelf, pan-population cancer immunotherapies. Here, we present a review of known ligands of human γδ T cells and discuss the promise of harnessing these cells for cancer treatment.
Compressive sensing for synthetic aperture radar in fast-time and slow-time domains (2011)

Compressive sensing (CS) is a new method to capture and represent compressible signals at a rate significantly below the Nyquist rate. To reduce the high data redundancy among different echoes in synthetic aperture radar (SAR), we apply compressive sensing to SAR in slow-time and fast-time domains. Based on the reflectivity kernel analysis of SAR echoes, We demonstrate that the SAR signals are very sparse, which means CS could be applied to SAR to tremendously reduce the sampling rate. We apply SVD-QR to select a subset of SAR echoes in slow-time domain to reduce the redundancy, and compressive sensing to the selected echoes in fast-time domain. Simulations are performed and our compression ratio could be 47:1 overall.
Human-area networking technology as a universal interface (2009)

We have developed a human-area networking technology that uses the surface of the human body as a data transmission path and an AC electric-field signal with a frequency below the resonant frequency of the human body. This paper describes the intra-body communication technologies we are developing to promote the further evolution of a human-area network in support of ubiquitous services. It focuses on the three main features of the technology, promising applications, and an enabling transceiver technique.
Kinetic Study of the Quenching Reaction of Singlet Oxygen by Pyrroloquinolinequinol (PQQH<sub>2</sub>, a Reduced Form of Pyrroloquinolinequinone) in Micellar Solution (2011)

A kinetic study of the quenching reaction of singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)) with pyrroloquinolinequinol (PQQH(2), a reduced form of pyrroloquinolinequinone (PQQ)), PQQNa(2) (disodium salt of PQQ), and seven kinds of natural antioxidants (vitamin C (Vit C), uric acid (UA), epicatechin (EC), epigallocatechin (EGC), α-tocopherol (α-Toc), ubiquinol-10 (UQ(10)H(2)), and β-carotene (β-Car)) has been performed. The second-order rate constants k(Q) (k(Q) = k(q) + k(r), physical quenching and chemical reaction) for the reaction of (1)O(2) with PQQH(2), PQQNa(2), and seven kinds of antioxidants were measured in 5.0 wt % Triton X-100 micellar solution (pH 7.4), using UV-visible spectrophotometry. The k(Q) values decreased in the order of β-Car > PQQH(2) > α-Toc > UA > UQ(10)H(2) > Vit C ∼ EGC > EC ≫ PQQNa(2). PQQH(2) is a water-soluble antioxidant. The singlet oxygen-quenching activity of PQQH(2) was found to be 6.3, 2.2, 6.1, and 22 times as large as the corresponding those of water-soluble antioxidants (Vit C, UA, EGC, and EC). Further, the activity of PQQH(2) was found to be 2.2 and 3.1 times as large as the corresponding activity of lipid-soluble antioxidants (α-Toc and UQ(10)H(2)). On the other hand, the activity of PQQH(2) is 6.4 times as small as that of β-Car. It was observed that the chemical reaction (k(r)) is almost negligible in the quenching reaction of (1)O(2) by PQQH(2). The result suggests that PQQH(2) may contribute to the protection of oxidative damage in biological systems, by quenching (1)O(2).
A Charge-Based Architecture for Energy-Efficient Vector-Vector Multiplication in 65nm CMOS (2018)

In this work, a charge-based energy-efficient architecture for computing vector-vector multiplications (VVM) is presented. Using an array of capacitors, the inner product of vectors is quantitatively computed as the total charge injected onto the array. By scaling the capacitance to the thermal noise (kTC) limit, this computation can be done efficiently on the order of a few picoJoules (pJ). Furthermore, this charge is then converted into a pulse-density modulated binary output over time through a first-order delta-sigma converter, giving a trade-off of output precision and computation time. This design was fabricated in a 65nm CMOS process and measured to compute 6-bit MACs with a throughput of 350KOPs, and an overall efficiency of 14.6GOP/W at 5-bit precision. Moreover, the computation done on the array in the analog domain, has an efficiency of 284.4GOP/W.
CCTV-Based Multi-Factor Authentication System (2019)

Many security systems rely solely on solutions based on Artificial Intelligence, which are weak in nature. These security solutions can be easily manipulated by malicious users who can gain unlawful access. Some security systems suggest using fingerprint-based solutions, but they can be easily deceived by copying fingerprints with clay. Image-based security is undoubtedly easy to manipulate, but it is also a solution that does not require any special training on the part of the user. In this paper, we propose a multi-factor security framework that operates in a three-step process to authenticate the user. The motivation of the research lies in utilizing commonly available and inexpensive devices such as onsite CCTV cameras and smartphone camera and providing fully secure user authentication. We have used technologies such as Argon2 for hashing image features and physically unclonable identification for secure device-server communication. We also discuss the methodological workflow of the proposed multi-factor authentication framework. In addition, we present the service scenario of the proposed model. Finally, we analyze qualitatively the proposed model and compare it with state-of-the-art methods to evaluate the usability of the model in real-world applications.
Color Homography: Theory and Applications (2017)

Images of co-planar points in 3-dimensional space taken from different camera positions are a homography apart. Homographies are at the heart of geometric methods in computer vision and are used in geometric camera calibration, 3D reconstruction, stereo vision and image mosaicking among other tasks. In this paper we show the surprising result that homographies are the apposite tool for relating image colors of the same scene when the capture conditions-illumination color, shading and device-change. Three applications of color homographies are investigated. First, we show that color calibration is correctly formulated as a homography problem. Second, we compare the chromaticity distributions of an image of colorful objects to a database of object chromaticity distributions using homography matching. In the color transfer problem, the colors in one image are mapped so that the resulting image color style matches that of a target image. We show that natural image color transfer can be re-interpreted as a color homography mapping. Experiments demonstrate that solving the color homography problem leads to more accurate calibration, improved color-based object recognition, and we present a new direction for developing natural color transfer algorithms.
Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Breast Combined with Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Gadolinium-DTPA Uptake in the Diagnosis of Local Recurrence of Early Stage Breast Carcinoma (1995)

Dynamic scanning proved essential for the detection and differential diagnosis of local tumor recurrence. Pharmacokinetic analysis of Gd-DTPA uptake can be used to produce parametric images that retain the spatial resolution of the original images while providing additional information about lesion permeability and vascularity, and helping to avoid the observer variability associated with ROI analysis.
Identification of eae genes in rabbit attaching and effacing enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) (1993)

peer reviewed