gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High Nitrogen Steels. Nickel Free High Nitrogen Austenitic Steels. (1996)

The paper presents the philosophy of the development and the resulting properties of a new austenitic stainless steel. The steel contains 15-18% chromium, 3-6% molybdenum, 10-12% manganese, and about 0.9% nitrogen. The most important feature of this steel is the complete absence of nickel as alloying element. The austenitic microstructure is obtained exclusively by adding nitrogen. Besides being nickel free, the steel is further characterized by an excellent corrosion resistance, the absence of ferromagnetism, and outstanding mechanical properties. The unique combination of these properties makes this steel most interesting for its use in items which are in direct contact with the human body. By using these new steels, nickel allergy can be prevented.
Intrathecal AAV9-SOD1-shRNA Administration for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (S5.003) (2019)

To develop a first-in-human gene therapy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) using intrathecal AAV9-SOD1-shRNA administration.
Variable optical buffer using slow light in semiconductor nanostructures (2004)

We proposed a compact variable all-optical buffer using slow-light in semiconductor nanostructures. We discuss the general design principle via dispersion engineering. The buffering effect is achieved by slowing down the optical signal using an external control light source to vary the dispersion characteristic of the medium via electromagnetically induced transparency effect. We demonstrate that the semiconductor quantum dot structures can be used as a slow-light medium. In such structure, the total buffering time is variable and controlled by an external pump laser. We present a theoretical investigation of the criteria for achieving slow light in semiconductor quantum dots. New pump scheme is proposed to overcome the sample nonuniformity. Finally, optical signal propagation through the semiconductor optical buffer is presented to demonstrate the feasibility for practical applications.
A multi-modal approach for non-invasive detection of coronary artery disease (2019)

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a leading cause of death globally. Coronary angiography, the clinical diagnosis for CAD involves a surgery and admission to hospital. While this is a proven gold standard, having a less exact low-cost non-invasive screening method would be very helpful in mass diagnosis and pre-diagnosis. However, all physiological manifestations of CAD either appear late in the time-curve or are non-specific surrogate markers. With the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI), there is new hope using multi-modal non-invasive sensing and analysis. In this paper, we combine domain knowledge with AI based data analysis to propose a novel two-stage approach that effectively incorporates multiple CAD markers in various non-invasive cardiovascular signals for an improved diagnosis system. At first stage, a hierarchical rule-engine identifies the high cardiac risk population using patient demography and medical history, who are further analysed at the second stage using numeric features from various cardiovascular signals. Results show that the proposed approach achieves sensitivity = 0.96 and specificity = 0.91 in classifying CAD patients on an in-house hospital dataset, recorded using commercially available sensors.
Method of, and circuit arrangement for, function control of ultrasonic alarm installations (1988)

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Single-mode multicore fiber for dense space division multiplexing (2016)

Single-mode multicore fiber (SM-MCF) is attractive for high-capacity transmission. Our fabricated SM-MCFs achieve high core count and low crosstalk with a cladding diameter of 230 µm. Characteristics of fan-in/fan-out for the SM-MCFs are also investigated.
Submillimeter p-Ge laser using a Voigt-configured permanent magnet (1996)

A p-Ge laser at 170-200 /spl mu/m wavelengths in Voigt configuration using a regular permanent magnet is reported. Results are compared with those obtained using a Faraday-configured superconducting magnet. Emission is observed over a wider range of electric-field magnitude in Voigt configuration at a given magnetic field. Time-resolved emission studies reveal unusual pulse dynamics which depend on the magnitude and duration of the applied electric field. Spectral content, Gaussian-beam profiles, and polarization are essentially independent of these temporal effects. A significant repetition-rate increase is found using copper heat sinks. An increased emission-pulse delay with increasing initial-sample temperature and the temperature independence of the emission quench time are both explained by Joule heating of the laser medium. Lasing persists above 10 K, raising the possibility of a practical p-Ge laser without need for liquid helium as a coolant.
Selective-partial-update NLMS and affine projection algorithms for acoustic echo cancellation (2002)

Adaptive filters used in acoustic echo cancellation often require a large number of coefficients to model the acoustic echo path with sufficient accuracy. The computational complexity of adaptation algorithms such as the NLMS algorithm is proportional to the filter length, which means that for long filters the adaptation task can become prohibitively expensive. The purpose of partial coefficient update is to reduce the computational complexity by adapting a subset of the filter coefficients at every iteration. In this paper we develop selective-partial-update NLMS and AP algorithms based on the principle of minimum disturbance. The algorithms are based on sound theoretical justification and appear to have good convergence performance as attested to by computer simulations with real speech signals.
A Procedure to Reduce Cell Variation in Phase Change Memory for Improving Multi-Level-Cell Performances (2015)

Inherent cell variation of phase change memory is difficult to control by material or device engineering alone. We previously reported R-I curve shift detection scheme as a good method for monitoring PCM cell characteristics. This paper extends that concept and proposes a Stress-trim procedure to tighten R-I characteristics for PCM MLC operation. By leveraging the right-shift phenomena of PCM R-I curves, we demonstrated that Stress-trim can effectively reduce cell variation to improve MLC performance. A MLC program current amplitude range reduction of 40% and MLC time to failure extension of nearly 150X are achieved.
Manipulation of plant tolerance to herbicides through co‐ordinated metabolic engineering of a detoxifying glutathione transferase and thiol cosubstrate (2005)

The diphenyl ether herbicide fomesafen can be used selectively in soybean (Glycine max) due to its rapid detoxification by tau class glutathione transferases (GmGSTUs) which preferentially utilize the endogenous thiol homoglutathione (hGSH) as cosubstrate. Soybean cDNAs encoding GmGSTU21, which is highly active in detoxifying fomesafen, and an hGSH synthetase (GmhGS) have been cloned and functionally identified in Escherichia coli. Tobacco plants, which have limited GST activities towards fomesafen and which accumulate glutathione (GSH), rather than hGSH, have been transformed with either GmhGS alone, or a dual construct of GmhGS-GmGSTU21, both under the control of constitutive promoters. Using either construct, the transgenic tobacco accumulated hGSH, with a concomitant increase in GSH content. Segregating T1 plants were analysed for thiol content and GST activity towards fomesafen with GSH and hGSH as cosubstrates, and then scored for photobleaching injury caused by applications of fomesafen. These studies showed that hGSH accumulation alone gave no significant protection against the herbicide and that tolerance was only seen in plants which contained appreciable concentrations of hGSH and GmGSTU21 activity. Tolerance in the dual transformants was associated with the metabolism of radiolabelled fomesafen to inactive hGSH-derived conjugates, while susceptible lines were unable to detoxify the herbicide. These studies confirm the combined importance of specific GSTs and their preferred thiol cosubstrates in conferring herbicide selectivity traits in planta.
Partial oxidation of methanol over Au/CeO<sub>2</sub>–ZrO<sub>2</sub> and Au/CeO<sub>2</sub>–ZrO<sub>2</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub> catalysts (2016)

Gold nanoparticles supported on CeO<sub>2</sub>–ZrO<sub>2</sub> give 75.5% H<sub>2</sub> selectivity at 375 °C for a partial oxidation of methanol reaction.
Contribution of Disulfide Bridging to Epitope Expression of the Dengue Type 2 Virus Envelope Glycoprotein (2004)

The individual contributions of each of the six conserved disulfide (SS) bonds in the dengue 2 virus envelope (E) glycoprotein (strain 16681) to epitope expression was determined by measuring the reactivities of a panel of well-defined monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) with LLC-MK(2) cells that had been transiently transformed with plasmid vectors expressing E proteins that were mutant in their SS bonds. Three domain I (DI) epitopes (C1, C3, and C4) were affected by elimination of any SS bond and were essentially the only epitopes affected by elimination of the amino-proximal SS1 formed between Cys 3 and Cys 30. The remaining DI epitope (C2) was sensitive to only SS3-bond (Cys 74-Cys 105) and SS6-bond (Cys 302-Cys 333) elimination. Of the four DII epitopes examined, reactivities of three anti-epitope MAbs (A1, A2, and A5) were reduced by elimination of SS2 (Cys 61-Cys 121), SS3, SS4 (Cys 94-Cys 116), SS5 (Cys 185-Cys 285), or SS6. The other DII epitope examined (A3) was sensitive only to SS2- and SS3-bond elimination. The three DIII epitopes tested (B2, B3, and B4) were most sensitive to elimination of SS6. The flavivirus group epitope (A1) was less sensitive to elimination of SS3 and SS6. This result may indicate that the region proximal to the E-protein fusion motif (amino acids 98 to 110) may have important linear components. If this observation can be confirmed, peptide mimics from this region of E protein might be able to interfere with flavivirus replication.
Curcumin: A naturally occurring long‐wavelength photosensitizer for diaryliodonium salts (2005)

Abstract Curcumin, a naturally occurring, intensely yellow dye extracted from the spice turmeric, is an efficient photosensitizer for diaryliodonium salt photoinitiators at wavelengths ranging from 340 to 535 nm. With curcumin as a photosensitizer, it is possible to carry out the cationic photopolymerization of a wide variety of epoxide, oxetane, and vinyl monomers with long‐wavelength UV and visible light. An example of the photopolymerization of an epoxide monomer with ambient solar irradiation is provided. Several other curcumin analogues were synthesized, and their use as photosensitizers is examined. With such photosensitizers, the range of spectral sensitivity can be extended well into the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 5217–5231, 2005
Q-switch saturable absorber materials for solid state lasers (1994)

New solid-state passive Q-switch materials for the Er:glass laser at 1.53 micrometers are described. Saturable absorber Q-switching has been obtained using U<SUP>4+</SUP>:SrF<SUB>2</SUB>, Er<SUP>3+</SUP>:CaF<SUB>2</SUB>, and Er<SUP>3+</SUP>:Ca<SUB>5</SUB>(PO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>F.
Peritoneal membrane plasmapheresis. (1993)

A novel process has been devised that uses the peritoneal membrane to remove plasma proteins from the body at a rate comparable to conventional extracorporeal plasma-pheresis. A vasodilator (4 mg histamine phosphate) is added to 1 liter of hypertonic solution (485 mOsmol/L), and infused intraperitoneally with a residence time of 4 hr. Plasma containing proteins is convected across the peritoneum through open pores into the cavity and removed. The next alternating infusion is with a hypotonic solution (214 mOsml/L) containing a vasoconstrictor (1.0 mg norepinephrine). This infusion restores the fluid removed from the subject in the previous exchange, and prevents the rapid fall-off in protein removal rates obtained with repeated infusions with vasodilators only. Peritoneal membrane plasmapheresis was successfully tested on canines, with protein removal rates of between 30% and 50% of total serum protein per day for 13 days over a 22 day period. Peritoneal membrane plasmapheresis represents a potentially inexpensive, continuous/nightly home treatment for protein mediated diseases treatable by extracorporeal plasmapheresis.
A Portable Double Focusing Mass Spectrometer (1977)

A portable double focusing mass spectrometer is constructed for gas analyses. The apparatus consists of a simple homogeneous magnet having rectangular pole pieces(rm=15cm, φ m=30°, ε1=ε2=15°), a double quadrupole lens and a parallel plate condenser. The total ion path length is40cm, and the weight of the magnet is only8.5kg. Adjustment of the double focusing condition is achieved by changing the electric lenses without any mechanical adjustment. The maximum resolving power obtained is600with a10%valley separation with a10μm ion source slit for an accelerating voltage of1.9kV. Transmission rate is obtained at13% for a5mm magnet gap, and a mass range of360is realized.
Hydrothermally stable, low-temperature NO.sub.x reduction NH.sub.3-SCR catalyst (2023)

A catalyst composition includes a heterobimetallic zeolite characterized by a chabazite structure loaded with copper ions and at least one trivalent metal ion other than Al.sup.3+. The catalyst composition decreases NO.sub.x emissions in diesel exhaust and is suitable for operation in a catalytic converter.
Azapeptide Analogues of the Growth Hormone Releasing Peptide 6 as Cluster of Differentiation 36 Receptor Ligands with Reduced Affinity for the Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor 1a (2012)

The synthetic hexapeptide growth hormone releasing peptide-6 (GHRP-6) exhibits dual affinity for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHS-R1a) and the cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) receptor. Azapeptide GHRP-6 analogues have been synthesized, exhibiting micromolar affinity to the CD36 receptor with reduced affinity toward the GHS-R1a. A combinatorial split-and-mix approach furnished aza-GHRP-6 leads, which were further examined by alanine scanning. Incorporation of an aza-amino acid residue respectively at the D-Trp(2), Ala(3), or Trp(4) position gave aza-GHRP-6 analogues with reduced affinity toward the GHS-R1a by at least a factor of 100 and in certain cases retained affinity for the CD36 receptor. In the latter cases, the D-Trp(2) residue proved important for CD36 receptor affinity; however, His(1) could be replaced by Ala(1) without considerable loss of binding. In a microvascular sprouting assay using a choroid explant, [azaTyr(4)]-GHRP-6 (15), [Ala(1), azaPhe(2)]-GHRP-6 (16), and [azaLeu(3), Ala(6)]-GHRP-6 (33) all exhibited antiangiogenic activity.
The PiezoElectronic Switch: A Path to High Speed, Low Energy Electronics (2014)

In contrast to the Moore’s Law exponential growth in CMOS transistor areal density, computer clock speeds have been frozen since 2003 due to excessive power dissipation. We present the development of a new digital switch, the PiezoElectronic Transistor (PET), designed to circumvent the speed and power limitations of the CMOS transistor. The PET operates on a novel principle: an electrical input is transduced into an acoustic pulse by a piezoelectric (PE) actuator, which, in turn, drives a continuous insulator-to-metal transition in a piezoresistive (PR) channel, thus switching on the device. Predictions of theory and simulation, assuming bulk materials properties can be approximately retained at scale, are that PETs can operate at one-tenth the present voltage of CMOS technology and 100 times less power, while running at multi-GHz clock speeds. CMOS-like computer architectures, such as a simulated adder, can be fully implemented. Materials development for PE and PR thin films approaching the properties of bulk single crystals, and a successful fabrication scheme, are the key to realizing this agenda. We describe progress in developing PE films (where d 33 is critical) and PR films (characterized by conductance and ON/OFF ratio) of demonstration quality. A macroscopic-scale PET has been built to demonstrate PET viability over large numbers of switching cycles. The perspective for the development of pressure-driven electronics will be outlined.
A very low power area efficient CMOS only bandgap reference (2012)

The design of a novel all-MOS low-power bandgap reference in an open loop topology is described. A forward biased p-n junction with complementary to absolute temperature coefficient (CTAT) is combined with a cascade of Self-Cascode MOSFET (SCM) structures providing a proportional to absolute temperature (PTAT) voltage to create the bandgap voltage reference. Using the Advanced Compact MOSFET (ACM) model the design of the cascade of SCMs is fairly straightforward. The design methodology is based on the concept of inversion level using current as the main variable. At room temperature, the nominal output reference voltage is 1.32V, and the total current consumption is 65nA (20nA for the current generator and 45nA for the bandgap reference itself). The circuit has been integrated in a 0.18μm standard CMOS process, and occupies an area of 0.01mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Power supply sensitivity is +/-0.7% from 1.55V (minimum operation voltage) to 3.3V After trimming, temperature compensation is attained with a total bandgap voltage variation of 0.6% from -40°C to 125°C, equivalent to 36ppm/°C.
High efficiency and ultra‐wide color gamut quantum dot LEDs for next generation displays (2015)

Abstract Colloidal quantum dot‐based hybrid light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs) have been demonstrated that exhibit quantum efficiencies (EQEs) >10% for all three fundamental colors red, green, and blue (21% EQE, 82 cd/A for green). This is the first report of a green QLED with EQE >20% and current efficiency >80 cd/A. The devices have the longest lifetimes reported in the literature (280k hrs) and extremely well‐tuned color fidelity. The narrow QLED emission spectra (full width at half maximum < 30 nm) and well‐controlled peak wavelengths generate a color gamut covering >170% of the National Television System Committee (NTSC) 1987 color space and ~90% of the Rec. 2020 color space. This color gamut is larger than that of OLED televisions in mass production and is the largest of all QLEDs reported. Additionally, these devices are completely fabricated using solution‐processing techniques. The extremely desirable properties of high efficiency, color tunability/fidelity, long lifetime, and low cost processing from solutions make QLED technology disruptive and will lead to next generation displays.
A probabilistic framework for relational clustering (2007)

Relational clustering has attracted more and more attention due to its phenomenal impact in various important applications which involve multi-type interrelated data objects, such as Web mining, search marketing, bioinformatics, citation analysis, and epidemiology. In this paper, we propose a probabilistic model for relational clustering, which also provides a principal framework to unify various important clustering tasks including traditional attributes-based clustering, semi-supervised clustering, co-clustering and graph clustering. The proposed model seeks to identify cluster structures for each type of data objects and interaction patterns between different types of objects. Under this model, we propose parametric hard and soft relational clustering algorithms under a large number of exponential family distributions. The algorithms are applicable to relational data of various structures and at the same time unifies a number of stat-of-the-art clustering algorithms: co-clustering algorithms, the k-partite graph clustering, Bregman k-means, and semi-supervised clustering based on hidden Markov random fields.
Stimulus-Evoked Intrinsic Optical Signals in the Retina: Spatial and Temporal Characteristics (2009)

The findings characterize the basic properties of stimulus-evoked intrinsic signals of the retina. These signals were generally similar to the more extensively studied cortical signals. Collectively, the data suggest a hemodynamic component to the intrinsic optical signals of the retina.
Amorphous silicon phototransistors (1990)

An amorphous silicon field-effect phototransistor is fabricated using a processing technology compatible with conventional amorphous silicon-silicon nitride thin-film transistors. The phototransistor has an offset structure between the source and gate electrodes, where light is absorbed to produce a photocurrent. In an electron accumulation mode, the photocurrent is greater than the dark current by three orders of magnitude. In addition, the phototransistor is found to have output characteristics showing good saturation. Typical photoconductive gain of this saturation current is 17.
Platinum-Induced Ototoxicity in Children: A Consensus Review on Mechanisms, Predisposition, and Protection, Including a New International Society of Pediatric Oncology Boston Ototoxicity Scale (2012)

Collaborative prospective basic and clinical trial research is needed to reduce the incidence of irreversible platinum-induced hearing loss, and optimize cancer control. Wide use of the new internationally agreed-on SIOP Boston ototoxicity scale in current and future otoprotection trials should help facilitate this goal.
On the Automation of Software Fault Prediction (2006)

This paper discusses the issues involved in building a practical automated tool to predict the incidence of software faults in future releases of a large software system. The possibility of creating such a tool is based on the authors' experience in analyzing the fault history of several large industrial software projects, and constructing statistical models that are capable of accurately predicting the most fault-prone software entities in an industrial environment. The emphasis of this paper is on the issues involved in the tool design and construction and an assessment of the extent to which the entire process can be automated so that it can be widely deployed and used by practitioners who do not necessarily have any particular statistical or modeling expertise
Device for damping vibrations in rotors of turbomachines (1980)

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Facile Preparation of Aluminosilicate RTH across a Wide Composition Range Using a New Organic Structure-Directing Agent (2014)

RTH type zeolite (aluminosilicate) is a potentially useful catalytic material that is limited by the inability to easily prepare the material over a wide composition range. Here, we report the use of pentamethylimidazolium to prepare aluminosilicate RTH across a wide range of compositions in both fluoride and hydroxide inorganic systems. RTH type zeolites are crystallized with a calcined product Si/Al of 7–27 from fluoride media and 6–59 from hydroxide media. The use of this new, simple organic structure-directing agent that can be prepared in one step allows for dramatic improvement in the compositional space where aluminosilicate RTH can be formed. RTH is tested as a catalyst for the methanol-to-olefins reaction and at complete conversion shows a high propylene/ethylene ratio of 3.9 at a propylene selectivity of 43%.