gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lithium-rich Li<sub>1.2</sub>Ni<sub>0.13</sub>Co<sub>0.13</sub>Mn<sub>0.54</sub>O<sub>2</sub> oxide coated by Li<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> and carbon nanocomposite layers as high performance cathode materials for lithium ion batteries (2014)

A lithium-rich Li<sub>1.2</sub>Ni<sub>0.13</sub>Co<sub>0.13</sub>Mn<sub>0.54</sub>O<sub>2</sub> material coated by fast Li<sup>+</sup> and electron conductors exhibits outstanding rate capability, cyclability and initial coulombic efficiency.
A security-enhanced key authorization management scheme for trusted computing platform (2012)

Secure storage is one of the important functionalities in trusted computing platform. The key management is one of the important technologies in secure storage. There is a key synchronization problem in the existing trusted key authorization management mechanism for Trusted Computing Platform. To solve the problem, we propose a security-enhanced trusted key authorization management scheme. The new scheme can effectively enhance the trust and security of the trusted storage through adding child key information in parent key.
UV-Assisted Chemical Sintering of Inkjet-Printed TiO<sub>2</sub>Photoelectrodes for Low-Temperature Flexible Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (2012)

We have investigated the UV-assisted chemical (UV-Chemical) sintering of inkjet-printed TiO2 photoelectrode films for the fabrication of low temperature flexible dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). A titanium organic compound as a chemical sintering source was introduced to an ink where TiO2 nanoparticles were dispersed. The formulated ink was printed by inkjet to prepare TiO2 photoelectrodes for DSSCs. The UV irradiation on the inkjet-printed photoelectrode led to the photodecomposition of the titanium organic compound at 150°C, resulting in the formation of new TiO2 among the TiO2 nanoparticles in the photoelectrode. The newly formed TiO2 enhanced the connectivity among TiO2 nanoparticles in the photoelectrode. The microstructure of TiO2 photoelectrode was investigated both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in order to verify the effect of the UV-Chemical sintering on TiO2 interparticle connectivity. The photovoltaic performance of DSSCs with the UV-Chemical sintered TiO2 photoelectrodes was characterized by incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) and electrochemical impedance analysis. Based on this learning, flexible DSSC was also fabricated on the plastic substrate. This study suggests that UV-assisted chemical sintering offers a feasible opportunity to fabricate low-temperature flexible DSSC.
Toward a perceptual theory of transparency. (2002)

Theories of perceptual transparency have typically been developed within the context of a physical model that generates the percept of transparency (F. Metelli's episcotister model, 1974b). Here 2 fundamental questions are investigated: (a) When does the visual system initiate the percept of one surface seen through another? (b) How does it assign surface properties to a transparent layer? Results reveal systematic deviations from the predictions of Metelli's model, both for initiating image decomposition into multiple surfaces and for assigning surface attributes. Specifically, results demonstrate that the visual system uses Michelson contrast as a critical image variable to initiate percepts of transparency and to assign transmittance to transparent surfaces. Findings are discussed in relation to previous theories of transparency, lightness, brightness, and contrast-contrast.
Reduced-Complexity Offset Min-Sum Based Layered Decoding for 5G LDPC Codes (2020)

This paper presents a novel approach for the reduced-complexity Min-Sum (MS) decoding of low density parity check (LDPC) codes in the partially parallel layered decoder architecture, which contains large number of serial check node processors. Reduced complexity is obtained by using the variant of the single-minimum Offset Min-Sum (smOMS) algorithm that approximates a second minimum with the addition of the variable weight parameter to the minimum value. Although the reduced-complexity MS algorithms primarily reduce hardware resources in fully parallel implementations, the results showed that a considerable reduction can be obtained if serial check node processors are used. Additionally, the paper proposes a better subminimum estimation for irregular codes from 5G new radio (5G NR). The method uses smaller subminimum estimation weights in check nodes with higher degree and higher weights in check nodes with smaller degree, which lead to the significant improvement in the SNR performance.
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia vaccines: the need for improvements (1995)

Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) vaccines are routinely used only in Africa. The vaccines are usually produced from one of two strains (T1/44 and KH3J), each of which has a streptomycin-resistant variant. The necessity for a 'master seed strain' is evident. At least one manufacturer in Africa produces a broth culture vaccine, while others produce a freeze-dried product. A standardised manufacturing protocol needs to be developed, together with in-process and final product quality control procedures. Some CBPP vaccine manufacturing procedures do not allow sufficient leeway for the execution of typical quality control practices. For example, it is difficult to perform batch testing on broth culture vaccine, as the vaccine is produced in its final container. Quality control test results from the Pan African Veterinary Vaccine Centre (PANVAC) are analysed in terms of causes of batch failure and indicators for process development. Taking potency as an example, most vaccine batches tested by PANVAC pass only at the limit of the OIE minimum requirement of 10(7) colony-forming units per dose. To improve the titre of the vaccine, it will be necessary to modify the manufacturing process, either by increasing mycoplasma yield during the culture phase or by minimising losses during downstream processes, especially freeze-drying. Data on inactivated vaccines are scarce. Duration of the immunity achieved with live CBPP vaccines is relatively short, in comparison with other live vaccines. Data may be required on the molecular basis of virulence and immunogenicity, as well as on the molecular immunology of CBPP, to enable the development of improved vaccines.
Use of high-power microwave pumping for plasma lasers (1989)

An experimental investigation was made of an Ar–N2 laser (p ≤ 1 atm) excited by a high-current proton beam, by a low-inductance transverse electric discharge, and by a nanosecond microwave discharge. A comparison of the dependences of the intensity and duration of lasing in the three cases showed that the thermodynamic states of the beam and microwave discharge plasmas were similar. The maximum energy of the electrons in the microwave discharge was estimated. The advantages of using a microwave discharge to pump plasma lasers were assessed.
Automated Acquisition of Disease-Drug Knowledge from Biomedical and Clinical Documents: An Initial Study (2007)

This paper presents a method for acquiring disease-specific knowledge and a feasibility study of the method. The method is based on applying a combination of NLP and statistical techniques to both biomedical and clinical documents. The approach enabled extraction of knowledge about the drugs clinicians are using for patients with specific diseases based on the patient record, while it is also acquired knowledge of drugs frequently involved in controlled trials for those same diseases. In comparing the disease-drug associations, we found the results to be appropriate: the two text sources contained consistent as well as complementary knowledge, and manual review of the top five disease-drug associations by a medical expert supported their correctness across the diseases.
Soluble aminopeptidase N/CD13 in malignant and nonmalignant effusions and intratumoral fluid. (2002)

The sCD13 activity is elevated in plasma and effusions of cancer patients. A strong correlation of plasma sCD13 with tumor load was found. On the basis of these results, the potential of sCD13 activity as a tumor and/or angiogenesis marker warrants further investigation.
The Fc portion of intact IgG blocks stimulation of human PBMC by anti-T3. (1984)

Abstract The means by which normal human serum inhibits the activation of PBMC by OKT3 has been investigated. The Fc portion of intact IgG is shown to be the major inhibitor in human serum of this OKT3-induced stimulation. Furthermore, inhibition by IgG subclasses correlated with their ability to bind to the monocyte Fc receptor, i.e., IgG1 and IgG3 produced greater inhibition than IgG2 and IgG4, and this inhibition was competitive. In contrast, hypogammaglobulinemic serum, IgA, IgM, and F(ab')2 of IgG were not inhibitory relative to intact IgG or Fc of IgG. Because of the similarities between T3 and the idiotype-defined T cell receptor for antigen, these investigations suggest that IgG might modulate the interactions between the T cell recognition complex and anti-idiotype antibody, thus regulating the idiotype network.
Pathology of the ear in murine mucopolysaccharidosis type VII. Morphologic correlates of hearing loss. (1994)

The external auditory canal obstruction, otitis media, and ossicle articular alterations in mucopolysaccharidosis VII mice cause a conductive hearing loss. The hair cell damage and neuronal storage may contribute to sensorineural deafness. This model allows investigation of the pathophysiology of auditory dysfunction in mucopolysaccharidosis and the effects of therapies on hearing loss.
Estimation of time-varying respiratory mechanical parameters by recursive least squares (1991)

Continuous estimation of time-varying respiratory mechanical parameters is required to fully characterize the time course of bronchoconstriction. To achieve such estimation, we developed an estimator that uses the recursive linear least-squares algorithm to fit the equation Ptr = RV + EV + K to measurements of tracheal pressure (Ptr) and flow (V). The volume (V) is obtained by numerical integration of V. The estimator has a finite memory with length into the past at each point in time that varies inversely with the difference between the current measurement of Ptr and that predicted by the model, to allow the algorithm to track rapidly varying parameters (R, E, and K). V usually exhibits significant drift and must be corrected. Of the several correction methods investigated, subtraction of the recursively weighted average of V before integration to V was found to perform best. The estimator was tested on simulated noisy data where it successfully followed a fivefold increase in R and a twofold increase in E occurring over 10 s. Three dogs and two cats were anesthetized, paralyzed, tracheostomized, and challenged with a bolus of methacholine (approximately 13 mg/kg iv). Increases of 3- to 10-fold were observed in R and 2- to 3-fold in E, beginning within 10-40 s after the bolus injection. In some animals we found that the increase in E occurred more slowly than that in R, which the V signal suggested was due to dynamic hyperinflation of the lungs. These results demonstrate that our recursive estimator is able to track rapid changes in respiratory mechanical parameters during bronchoconstrictor challenge.
International survey: virtual-environment research (1995)

Research on virtual environment technologies is just beginning to change the ways we use computers. Continued research will lead to applications that affect both our work and leisure. The article examines five major research areas: displays for presenting information to the user's visual, auditory and haptic senses; sensors and other technologies for transferring information from the user to the computer; software; human factors; and applications. For each area, we review worldwide research activities and highlight technology capabilities, both current and near term. The aim is to heighten appreciation, as well as guide further investigations of VE technologies, associated research and applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Nucleus accumbens mu-opioids regulate intake of a high-fat diet via activation of a distributed brain network. (2003)

Endogenous opioid peptides within the nucleus accumbens, a forebrain site critical for the regulation of reward-related behavior, are believed to play an important role in the control of appetite. In particular, this system is thought to mediate the hedonic aspects of food intake, governing the positive emotional response to highly palatable food such as fat and sugar. Previous work has shown that intra-accumbens administration of the mu-opioid agonist D-Ala2,Nme-Phe4,Glyol5-enkephalin (DAMGO) markedly increases food intake and preferentially enhances the intake of palatable foods such as fat, sucrose, and salt. Using information from recently performed c-fos mapping experiments, we sought to explore the involvement of structures efferent to the nucleus accumbens in this feeding response. Free-feeding rats with dual sets of bilateral cannulas aimed at the nucleus accumbens and one of several output structures were infused with DAMGO (0, 0.25 microg/0.5 microl) in the accumbens, and fat intake was measured over a 2 hr period. Concurrent temporary inactivation with the GABA(A) agonist muscimol (5-20 ng/0.25 microl) of the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus, lateral hypothalamus, ventral tegmental area, or the intermediate region of the nucleus of the solitary tract blocked the robust increase in fat intake induced by intra-accumbens DAMGO at doses of muscimol that did not affect general motor activity. Muscimol alone also inhibited and augmented baseline fat intake in the lateral and dorsomedial hypothalamic nuclei, respectively. These results suggest that intake of energy-dense palatable food is controlled by activity in a neural network linking ventral striatal opioids with diencephalic and brainstem structures.
Cryosurgery for ventricular bigeminy using a transaortic closed ventricular approach (1988)

Disabling monomorphic ventricular bigeminy has not been described as an indication for surgery. Three young patients with this arrhythmia sometimes deteriorating into ventricular tachyarrhythmias and in whom drug therapy failed completely were accepted for surgical ablation of the arrhythmogenic area. The earliest endocardial site of origin was located preoperatively by catheter mapping of the spontaneously occurring ventricular bigeminy in the left and right ventricles. For maximum preservation of myocardial muscle and function, the preoperative mapping and surgical procedure were performed through the aortic root; mapping by transaortic multipolar balloon was done during normothermic coronary perfusion and cryocoagulation was done during cardioplegic arrest. Cryocoagulation of the endocardial site was performed using the transaortic approach and epicardial cryocoagulation at the opposite site was done afterwards. In the two patients in whom the preoperative mapping results were consistent with those of preoperative catheter mapping, the arrhythmia could be abolished, as documented during long-term follow-up. In the only patient in whom the mapping results were not in agreement, the ventricular arrhythmia reoccurred and was the cause of death at five months after surgery. Postoperative wall-motion studies performed in the two surviving patients showed limited scars in the area of cryocoagulation and minor damage to the coronary arteries in that area. The transaortic approach can be considered as a new and important surgical option for endocardial mapping and cryocoagulation which prevents the damaging effects of a left ventriculotomy.
Progression of Voice and Speech Impairment in the Course of Parkinson's Disease: A Longitudinal Study (2013)

Impairment of voice and speech occurs in the majority of patients in the course of Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of the current study was to survey the changes of voice and speech performance in the individual patients over time. 80 patients with PD and 60 healthy speakers were tested and retested after at least 12 months (average time interval: 32.5 months). Participants had to read a given text which was digitally recorded as a source for the perceptual and acoustic analysis. Stage of the disease and global motor impairment were rated according to the accepted scales. As a result, abnormalities of voice and speech were already present in mildly affected patients and there were significant deteriorations of quality of voice and articulatory velocity and precision between baseline and followup examination which showed no correlation with the time interval between the visits. Summarized, voice, and speech performance were found to further deteriorate in the individual patient in the course of time although global motor impairment was widely stable which might be a hint for nondopaminergic mechanisms of progression of dysarthrophonia. Further investigations are warranted to get a better insight into the dynamics of the progression of voice and speech impairment in PD as a precondition for the development of therapeutic approaches.
Designing and creating relational schemas with a CWM-based tool (2003)

Common Warehouse Metamodel (CWM) is a standard XML-based metamodel for describing data warehouse models, allowing these models to be exchanged between different environments in a unified and convenient way. As part of warehousing environment, several database management systems begin to support export of database schemas to CWM metadata, but still there is no CWM-based tool that helps with the design of databases and also the creation of database schemas. This paper presents a design and development of a tool called ER2CWM that creates CWM relational database schemas from physical data models represented by ER diagrams. The tool supports the creation of ER diagrams, transformation into CWM format, and creation of database schemas for relational database management systems. It can also transform database schemas back into CWM and ER diagrams respectively. With this tool, database designers are facilitated at database design, creation, and maintenance via a standard CWM format that can also be ported for use in other environments.
An update on lignans: natural products and synthesis (2009)

Covering: 2005 to 2008
Statistical-mechanical approach to image processing (2002)

The basic frameworks and techniques of the Bayesian approach to image restoration are reviewed from the statistical-mechanical point of view. First, a few basic notions in digital image processing are explained to convince the reader that statistical mechanics has a close formal similarity to this problem. Second, the basic formulation of the statistical estimation from the observed degraded image by using the Bayes formula is demonstrated. The relationship between Bayesian statistics and statistical mechanics is also listed. Particularly, it is explained that some correlation inequalities on the Nishimori line of the random spin model also play an important role in Bayesian image restoration. Third, the framework of Bayesian image restoration for binary images by means of the Ising model is reviewed. Some practical algorithms for binary image restoration are given by employing the mean-field and the Bethe approximations. Finally, Bayesian image restoration for a grey-level image using the Gaussian model is reviewed, and the Gaussian model is extended to a more practical probabilistic model by introducing the line state to treat the effects of edges. The line state is also extended to quantized values.
Acute Extrapyramidal Dysfunction in Two HIV-infected Children (2010)

Involvement of the basal ganglia is well documented in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) encephalopathy, often with calcification. High concentrations of HIV protein have been detected in affected basal ganglia, although extrapyramidal dysfunction, in contrast to adults, is infrequently encountered in HIV-infected children. We describe the clinical course, magnetic resonance imaging appearance and outcome of two HIV-infected children who presented with acute debilitating extrapyramidal dysfunction. The cases highlight the importance of immune competence, co-existence of opportunistic infections, HIV testing of all children of HIV-infected mothers and magnetic resonance imaging when assessing the severity and anticipating outcomes of movement disorders in HIV-infected children.
Coherent population trapping resonances in thermal ^85Rb vapor: D_1 versus D_2 line excitation (2002)

In our recent Letter,(1) Ref. 12 was printed incorrectly. The correct reference is M. Zhu, Coherent population trapping-based frequency standard and method for generating a frequency standard incorporating a quantum absorber that genrates the CPT state with high frequency, U.S. patent 6,359,916 (March 19, 2002).
Genetic Studies of Leucine Biosynthesis in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (1973)

The mutations in a series of leucine auxotrophs isolated after treatment with nitrosoguanidine, ultraviolet light, and ICR-191 have been mapped between ilvC and pheA on the Bacillus subtilis chromosome. A fine structure map of the region was constructed by transformation. Analysis of several strains by assaying levels of their leucine bioysnthetic enzymes has shown that the region encodes three enzymes. The order of the genes with respect to the biosynthetic steps catalyzed by the gene products is 1-3-2.
A robust, low complexity 5.0 kbps stochastic coder for a noisy satellite channel (2002)

A code excited linear predictive coding (CELP) based coder operating at 5065 bps is presented. The coder uses a self-excitation sequence for long-term prediction in addition to a fixed codebook populated with stochastic multipulse vectors as the excitation signal. The authors describe how the complexity of the coder is reduced, and present methods of increasing its spectral robustness, thus making it a suitable candidate for mobile satellite communication. The complexity is greatly reduced by using overlapping codevectors in both the adaptive and multipulse codebook. For robustness a filter correction scheme is derived, which, together with frame repetition techniques, will let the coder operate with little perceivable degradation in burst durations up to 40 ms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
[Effect of KC-404 on allergic reactions types I-IV]. (1984)

The effects of 3-isobutyryl-2-isopropylpyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridine (KC-404), a new anti-allergic agent, on type I to IV allergic reactions were investigated. KC-404 administered orally inhibited heterologous and homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reactions in guinea pigs and homologous PCA in rats; the minimum effective doses were 50, 12.5 and 3 mg/kg, respectively. However, the inhibition of PCAs by KC-404 was incomplete so that only 50 to 60% inhibitions were obtainable even at the highest doses used. KC-404 had no effect on increased vascular permeability by chemical mediators other than SRS-A and hardly affected antigen-induced degranulation of the sensitized mesenteric mast cells in vitro. These results suggest that KC-404 exerts its effect conceivably through inhibition of the SRS-A-mediated component of PCA. KC-404 had no effect on type II allergic reaction as estimated by its failure to inhibit reversed cutaneous anaphylaxis in rats and the Forssman systemic reaction in guinea pigs. Also, no influence on complement activity was observed in vitro and in vivo. KC-404 (100 approximately 200 mg/kg, p.o.) produced a marked inhibition of passive and active Arthus reactions in guinea pigs and rabbits, respectively. The tuberculin reaction in guinea pigs was not affected by KC-404. These results suggest that KC-404 inhibits PCAs mediated by IgE as well as IgG antibodies probably through a unique mechanism of action. KC-404 was shown to be effective also on type III allergic reaction.