gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison and mitigation of common mode voltage in power converter topologies (2004)

All switching converter topologies, operating from a grounded utility system and feeding a floating output system, create common mode voltages that are present on the load equipment. This paper develops a systematic analysis on the common mode voltage in various converter topologies typically used in AC drives, including two-level VSI (voltage source inverter), CSI (current source inverter) and multilevel inverters. The active front end rectifier used with each topology is also included in the analysis. The sources of common mode voltage are analyzed and the magnitudes of common mode voltages generated by different converter topologies are compared. The practical consequences of the common mode voltage and mitigation techniques are discussed. Simulation and experimental results are provided for verification.
<title>Opto-electronic oscillator and its applications</title> (1997)

We review the properties of a new class of microwave oscillators called opto-electronic oscillators (OEO). We present theoretical and experimental results of a multi-loop technique for single mode selection. We then describe a new development called coupled OEO (COEO) in which the electrical oscillation is directly coupled with the optical oscillation, producing an OEO that generates stable optical pulses and single mode microwave oscillation simultaneously. Finally we discuss various applications of OEO.
A sand fly salivary protein vaccine shows efficacy against vector-transmitted cutaneous leishmaniasis in nonhuman primates (2015)

Currently, there are no commercially available human vaccines against leishmaniasis. In rodents, cellular immunity to salivary proteins of sand fly vectors is associated to protection against leishmaniasis, making them worthy targets for further exploration as vaccines. We demonstrate that nonhuman primates (NHP) exposed to Phlebotomus duboscqi uninfected sand fly bites or immunized with salivary protein PdSP15 are protected against cutaneous leishmaniasis initiated by infected bites. Uninfected sand fly-exposed and 7 of 10 PdSP15-immunized rhesus macaques displayed a significant reduction in disease and parasite burden compared to controls. Protection correlated to the early appearance of Leishmania-specific CD4(+)IFN-γ(+) lymphocytes, suggesting that immunity to saliva or PdSP15 augments the host immune response to the parasites while maintaining minimal pathology. Notably, the 30% unprotected PdSP15-immunized NHP developed neither immunity to PdSP15 nor an accelerated Leishmania-specific immunity. Sera and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from individuals naturally exposed to P. duboscqi bites recognized PdSP15, demonstrating its immunogenicity in humans. PdSP15 sequence and structure show no homology to mammalian proteins, further demonstrating its potential as a component of a vaccine for human leishmaniasis.
A MEMS Ejector for Printing Applications (2001)

Ejectors applications range from ink-jet printing to drug delivery. MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) fabrication techniques, particularly surface micromachining, allow production of small monolithic structures that can be adapted to many applications. We will report on the design, fabrication, and testing of a surface micromachined MEMS liquid ejection system for printing applications.The ejectors were fabricated using the SUMMiT process (www.sandia.mdl/Micromachine), a surface micromachining process. The only assembly required is electrical connection and attachment of a fluid reservoir. The process includes 3 layers of structural polysilicon (poly), separated by layers of sacrificial silicon dioxide (oxide). The final step of the fabrication process is the removal of the oxide to release the poly structure.The system ejects small volume (3-4 picoliters), satellite free drops at approximately 10 m/s. To eject a drop a piston is drawn rapidly towards a plate containing a nozzle through which the drop is ejected. The ejectors are electrostatically actuated. Since the electric field is across the ejected fluid, device operation is sensitive to the dielectric strength, breakdown voltage and conductivity of the fluid.
High critical current density of MgB2 bulk superconductor doped with Ti and sintered at ambient pressure (2001)

Ti-doped MgB2 superconductors with different doping levels were prepared by solid-state reaction at ambient pressure. The density, diamagnetic signal, and Jc of the samples change significantly with the doping level, with the best result achieved at x=0.1. At 5 K, the Jc reaches 2×106 A/cm2 in the self-field and 5×104 A/cm2 in 5 T. At 20 K, the Jc is still as high as 1.3×106 A/cm2 in the self-field and 9.4×104 A/cm2 in 2 T. It is observed that partial melting occurs in the Ti-doped samples, resulting in an excellent grain connection and extremely high density. In addition, some fine particles (with sizes from 10 to 100 nm) of the second phases induced by Ti doping are distributed in the MgB2 matrix, and this may play an important role in flux pinning enhancement.
Equivalent Well Block Radius for Three Dimensional Flow (2009)

Abstract A new analytical expression has been developed for the equivalent well block radius for three dimensional (3D) flow. The new equation has the same structure as Peaceman's equation with two new parameters added. Therefore, implementation in a reservoir simulator is straight forward. Numerical experiments have shown that Peaceman's equation for two dimensional (2D) flow can cause high rate errors for the partially penetrating wells. The new formula reduces these errors to a few percent. In this paper, derivation was presented for a vertical well, steady-state single phase flow with uniform and nonuniform grids. Multiphase, transient flow, horizontal wells and partial completion within a grid block is under development and will be presented in a new paper.
A new balanced-type RF-band SAW filter using SAW resonators (2002)

A new balanced-type RF-band (950 MHz) surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter using SAW resonators for use in portable telephones is presented. This SAW filter has balanced input and output terminals. Based on the computer simulation, balanced-type SAW filters having a pass-band at 950 MHz were fabricated. The obtained characteristics showed excellent characteristics such as low insertion loss, wide bandwidth, high attenuation at stopbands, and small VSWR. Using the SAW filter, one can realize balanced-type RF circuits in portable telephones.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
New Algorithms for Energy-Efficient VLC Networks With User-Centric Cell Formation (2018)

The ever-increasing demand in high data rate has pushed the attention of the researchers to utilize the unregulated visible light spectrum for communication. This paper proposes a joint access-point (AP) association and power allocation algorithms for energy-efficiency (EE) maximization in visible light communication networks. Based on the user-centric design, we first show that the cell formation and power allocation are interlinked problems and should be treated jointly. We start by proposing a new algorithm for users' clustering and then associating all the APs to the clustered users based on a proposed metric. We then propose two algorithms that jointly allocate the power, under quality-of-service constraints, and decide which APs must be prevented from participating in communication. The first algorithm is designed to maximize the EE, while the other algorithm is designed to reduce the complexity of the first algorithm with acceptable degradation in the EE. Different from the related literature that allocated the power with the worst case interference information, we propose an iterative algorithm that allocates the power based on exact interference information, which significantly improves the EE. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms significantly improve the EE compared to the existing work.
Augmented virtual environments (AVE): dynamic fusion of imagery and 3D models (2003)

An augmented virtual environment (AVE) fuses dynamic imagery with 3D models. The AVE provides a unique approach to visualize and comprehend multiple streams of temporal data or images. Models are used as a 3D substrate for the visualization of temporal imagery, providing improved comprehension of scene activities. The core elements of AVE systems include model construction, sensor tracking, real-time video/image acquisition, and dynamic texture projection for 3D visualization. This paper focuses on the integration of these components and the results that illustrate the utility and benefits of the resulting augmented virtual environment.
To Interfere and to Anti-interfere: The Interplay Between Hepatitis C Virus and Interferon (2002)

As popular strategies used by numerous viruses, interception of interferon (IFN) signaling and inhibition of IFN-induced antiviral functions allow viruses to evade the host immune response and set up successful infections. Hepatitis C virus (HCV), the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide and a major public health hazard, causes persistent infection in the majority of infected individuals. IFN-based therapies, currently the only ones available for HCV infection, have been unable to eliminate viral infection in the majority of patients, and many studies suggest that HCV possesses mechanisms to antagonize the IFN-induced antiviral response. Multiple viral, host, and IFN-associated factors have been implicated in the interplay between HCV and IFN. Two viral proteins, NS5A and E2, became the focus of much attention and extensive study because of their abilities to inhibit IFN-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR), a major mediator of the IFN-induced biologic response, and to perturb the IFN signaling pathway. In this review, we discuss the significance of the interferon sensitivity determining region (ISDR) within NS5A, which has been the subject of intense debates. In addition, we discuss the potential mechanisms by which NS5A interferes with IFN signaling and the current working models. Further understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between HCV and IFN will likely facilitate improvement of current IFN-based therapies and development of novel treatments for the HCV pandemic. Future HCV research will benefit from both the development of efficient, convenient model systems for viral propagation, and the utilization of high throughput, genomic-scale approaches.
Combinatorial Sensor Design in <i>Caulobacter crescentus</i> for Selective Environmental Uranium Detection (2019)

The ability to detect uranium (U) through environmental monitoring is of critical importance for informing water resource protection and nonproliferation efforts. While technologies exist for environmental U detection, wide-area environmental monitoring, i.e. sampling coverage over large areas not known to possess U contamination, remains a challenging prospect that necessitates the development of novel detection approaches. Herein, we describe the development of a whole-cell U sensor by integrating two functionally independent, native U-responsive two-component signaling systems (TCS), UzcRS and UrpRS, within an AND gate circuit in the bacterium Caulobacter crescentus. Through leverage of the distinct but imperfect selectivity profiles of both TCS, this combinatorial approach enabled greater selectivity relative to a prior biosensor developed with UzcRS alone; no cross-reactivity was observed with most common environmental metals (e.g, Fe, As, Cu, Ca, Mg, Cd, Cr, Al) or the U decay-chain product Th, and the selectivity against Zn and Pb was significantly improved. In addition, integration of the UzcRS signal amplifier protein UzcY within the AND gate circuit further enhanced overall sensitivity and selectivity for U. The functionality of the sensor in an environmental context was confirmed by detection of U concentrations as low as 1 μM in groundwater samples. The results highlight the value of a combinatorial approach for constructing whole-cell sensors for the selective detection of analytes for which there are no known evolved regulators.
The Time Index: An Access Structure for Temporal Data (1990)

In this paper, we describe a new indexing technique, the time indez, for improving the performance of certain classes of temporal queries. The time index can be used to retrieve versions of objects that are valid during a specific time period. It supports the processing of the temporal WHEN operator and temporal aggregate functions efficiently. The time indexing scheme is also extended to improve the performance of the temporal SELECT operator, which retrieves objects that satisfy a certain condition during a specific time period. We will describe the indexing technique, and its search and insertion algorithms. We also describe an algorithm for processing a commonly used temporal JOIN operation. Some results of a simulation for comparing the performance of the time index with other proposed temporal access structures are presented.
Extracorporeal shock wave source with a peizoelectric generator (1990)

First Page
Presence virtualization middleware for next-generation converged applications (2008)

This paper describes the initial design of a scalable and client-programmable presence virtualization architecture.
Transgenic Mice Expressing Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in Immune Cells Develop a Severe AIDS-Like Disease (1998)

We have constructed transgenic (Tg) mice expressing the entire human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) coding sequences in cells targeted by HIV-1 infection in humans. These Tg mice developed a severe AIDS-like disease leading to early death (< 1 month). They developed muscle wasting, severe atrophy and fibrosis of lymphoid organs, tubulointerstitial nephritis, and lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis. In addition the expression of RANTES was increased in various tissues of these Tg mice relative to that in the normal controls. Disease appearance was correlated with the levels of transgene expression. The numerous pathologies observed in these mice are remarkably similar to those observed in human AIDS and, more specifically, in pediatric AIDS.
ChemInform Abstract: Vinylic Organoboranes. Part 13. A Convenient Stereospecific Synthesis of Z‐1‐Halo‐1‐alkenes from 1‐Alkynes via E‐1‐Alkenylborane Derivatives with Halogens. (1990)

Abstract Addition of the boranes (II) and (VII) to alkynes such as (I) and (VI) gives the E‐alkenylboranes (III) and (VIII).
Privacy-preserving activity scheduling on mobile devices (2011)

Progress in mobile wireless technology has resulted in the increased use of mobile devices to store and manage users' personal schedules. Users also access popular context-based services, typically provided by third-party providers, by using these devices for social networking, dating and activity-partner searching applications. Very often, these applications need to determine common availabilities among a set of user schedules. The privacy of the scheduling operation is paramount to the success of such applications, as often users do not want to share their personal schedules with other users or third-parties. Previous research has resulted in solutions that provide privacy guarantees, but they are either too complex or do not fit well in the popular user-provider operational model. In this paper, we propose practical and privacy-preserving solutions to the server-based scheduling problem. Our novel algorithms take advantage of the homomorphic properties of well-known cryptosystems in order to privately compute common user availabilities. We also formally outline the privacy requirements in such scheduling applications and we implement our solutions on real mobile devices. The experimental measurements and analytical results show that the proposed solutions not only satisfy the privacy properties but also fare better, in regard to computation and communication efficiency, compared to other well-known solutions.
Coal desulfurization by low temperature chlorinolysis, phase 1 (1977)

Laboratory scale, bench scale batch reactor, and minipilot plant tests were conducted on 22 bituminous, subbituminous, and lignite coals. Chemical pretreatment and post treatment of coals relative to the chlorination were tried as a means of enhancing desulfurization by the chlorinolysis process. Elevated temperature (500-700 C) hydrogen treatment of chlorinolysis-processed coal at atmospheric pressure was found to substantially increase coal desulfurization up to 90 percent. Sulfur forms, proximate and ultimate analyses of the processed coal are included. Minipilot plant operation indicates that the continuous flow reactor provides coal desulfurization results comparable to those obtained in the batch reactor. Seven runs were conducted at coal feed rates of 1.5 to 8.8 kg per hour using water and methylchloroform solvents, gaseous chlorine feed of 3 to 31.4 SCFH at 21 to 70 C, and atmospheric pressure for retention times of 20 to 120 minutes.
Multicore fiber with ring structure (2013)

The characteristics of MCFs with one-ring structure are reviewed. The MCFs realize the number of cores larger than 10, suppressed crosstalk and enlarged A <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</sub> under limited cladding diameter in terms of mechanical reliability.
Accelerated MR thermometry using the Kalman filter (2015)

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging plays an important role in monitoring thermal treatment. It can quantify thermal dose with temperature maps based on the proton-resonance frequency shift. Volumetric coverage is desirable, but acquiring multiple slices imaging is time consuming. Therefore, accelerated methods are needed to improve the spatial and temporal resolution in MR thermometry. Multi-channel coils are not widely available for MR-guided FUS systems, so conventional parallel imaging methods cannot be used for acceleration. Compressed sensing methods show promise, but the computation is currently too slow to provide real-time feedback. The Kalman filter is an optimal estimation method that has been widely used for real-time tracking in other fields. It has been studied for filtering of temperature for FUS. Here we apply it to accelerate image acquisition for thermometry.
Eye Surgery Simulator for the Training of Minamally Invassive Glaucoma Surgery Skills (2018)

An artificial eye model was developed as an surgical simulator for training novice eye doctors on micro invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) to reduce the learning time. The eye model consists of an artificial sclera, trabecular meshwork (TM), and Schlemm’s canal (SC). We succeeded in fabrication of the sclera model with the structure of the SC by molding process using 3D printing models. We fabricated the sclera model with mechanical properties similar to human sclera. Artificial TM was fabricated, by using blowing method, with a thickness and stiffness within the range values of the human tissue. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was the main polymer used in fabrication of TM. The thickness of artificial TM was controlled by adjust the concentration of the PVC. A preliminary assessment, by removing the TM with a dual blade device (KAHOOK), for the proposed model made by an experienced eye doctors. Thus, an surgical simulator, for improving skills of novice surgeons on MIGS, was successfully developed.
Differentiation of Coxiella burnetii isolates by analysis of restriction-endonuclease-digested DNA separated by SDS-PAGE (1991)

Thirty-two isolates of Coxiella burnetii collected from various hosts ranging from arthropods to man were compared by restriction endonuclease (RE) digestion patterns of chromosomal DNA using SDS-PAGE. SDS-PAGE provided better DNA fragment separation than agarose gel electrophoresis and enabled the differentiation of these isolates into six distinct groups on the basis of DNA restriction fingerprints. Two groups of chronic disease isolates could be distinguished, each having unique RE digestion patterns of chromosomal DNA. Three similar but distinct RE digestion patterns were seen among the group of acute disease isolates. Three additional isolates included in this study exhibited a unique RE digestion pattern and also had a unique plasmid type, designated QpDG. DNA-DNA hybridization on selected isolates quantified the relatedness between several groups and supported the classification of these groups as distinct strains.
A Numerical Optimization Approach to General Graph Drawing (1999)

9509581. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the author and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the NAF or the U.S. government.
Cobalt-Base High-Temperature Alloys (2006)

We have identified cobalt-base superalloys showing a high-temperature strength greater than those of conventional nickel-base superalloys. The cobalt-base alloys are strengthened by a ternary compound with the L1(2) structure, gamma' Co3(Al,W), which precipitates in the disordered gamma face-centered cubic cobalt matrix with high coherency and with high melting points. We also identified a ternary compound, gamma' Ir3(Al,W), with the L1(2) structure, which suggests that the Co-Ir-Al-W-base systems with gamma+gamma' (Co,Ir)3(Al,W) structures offer great promise as candidates for next-generation high-temperature materials.
Efficient Regeneration of Partially Spent Ammonia Borane Fuel (2009)

Going full circle: Ammonia borane is a potential H2-releasing fuel. Polyborazylene, a form of the spent fuel, can be regenerated efficiently in a one-pot process by the stepwise addition of appropriate digesting and reducing agents. A unique feature of this process is the formation of NH3, which is retained by some of the digested species. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Rolling-based direct-transfer printing: A process for large-area transfer of micro- and nanostructures onto flexible substrates (2016)

A rolling-based printing approach for transferring arrays of patterned micro- and nano-structures directly from rigid fabrication substrates onto flexible substrates is presented. Transfer-printing experiments show that the new process can achieve high-yield and high-fidelity transfer of silicon nanomembrane components with diverse architectures to polyethylene terephthalate substrates over chip-scale areas (&gt;1 × 1 cm2) in &lt;0.3 s. The underlying mechanics of the process are investigated through finite element simulations of the contact and transfer process. These mechanics models provide guidance for controlling the contact area and strain in the flexible substrate during transfer, both of which are key for achieving reproducible and controlled component transfer over large areas.