gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The flightless I protein colocalizes with actin- and microtubule-based structures in motile Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts: evidence for the involvement of PI 3-kinase and Ras-related small GTPases (2001)

The flightless I protein contains an actin-binding domain with homology to the gelsolin family and is likely to be involved in actin cytoskeletal rearrangements. It has been suggested that this protein is involved in linking the cytoskeletal network with signal transduction pathways. We have developed antibodies directed toward the leucine rich repeat and gelsolin-like domains of the human and mouse homologues of flightless I that specifically recognize expressed and endogenous forms of the protein. We have also constructed a flightless I-enhanced green fluorescent fusion vector and used this to examine the localization of the expressed protein in Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts. The flightless I protein localizes predominantly to the nucleus and translocates to the cytoplasm following serum stimulation. In cells stimulated to migrate, the flightless I protein colocalizes with beta-tubulin- and actin-based structures. Members of the small GTPase family, also implicated in cytoskeletal control, were found to colocalize with flightless I in migrating Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts. LY294002, a specific inhibitor of PI 3-kinase, inhibits the translocation of flightless I to actin-based structures. Our results suggest that PI 3-kinase and the small GTPases, Ras, RhoA and Cdc42 may be part of a common functional pathway involved in Fliih-mediated cytoskeletal regulation. Functionally, we suggest that flightless I may act to prepare actin filaments or provide factors required for cytoskeletal rearrangements necessary for cell migration and/or adhesion.
Continuous-Wave Operation of GaAs-Based 1.5-μm GaInNAsSb VCSELs (2019)

We demonstrate the first electrically-pumped, GaAs-based vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) emitting in the 1500 nm range that operate in continuous wave mode at and above room temperature. The VCSELs employ a dilute-nitride GaInNAsSb/GaNAs multiple quantum well active region, two n-doped AlGaAs/GaAs distributed Bragg reflectors and a GaAs tunnel junction. Continuous-wave single-mode lasing was observed up to 50 °C with room-temperature threshold current densities below 3 kA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Small signal measurements indicate that dilute nitride GaInNAsSb/GaNAs active regions are capable of high speed modulation.
Regio- and stereocontrolled dimerization of tert-butylacetylene to (Z)-1,4-di-tert-butylbutatriene by ruthenium catalysis. Reaction mechanism involving alkynyl-vinylidene coupling and rearrangement of the metal-bound C4 unit (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRegio- and stereocontrolled dimerization of tert-butylacetylene to (Z)-1,4-di-tert-butylbutatriene by ruthenium catalysis. Reaction mechanism involving alkynyl-vinylidene coupling and rearrangement of the metal-bound C4 unitYasuo Wakatsuki, Hiroshi Yamazaki, Nami Kumegawa, Toshiaki Satoh, and James Y. SatohCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 25, 9604–9610Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00025a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00025a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1065Altmetric-Citations241LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Virulence Factors of Streptococcus mutans and Dental Caries Prevention (1984)

Streptococcus mutans possesses the abilities to adhere to pellicle-coated tooth surfaces and to form acids - two characteristics associated with the cariogenicity of this micro-organism. De novo synthesis of insoluble glucan by S. mutans glucosyltransferase from sucrose is essential in the adherence process. Therefore, agents which interfere with the adherence ability of S. mutans would be useful for controlling dental caries. In the present report, we have summarized our recent findings concerning virulence factors of S. mutans and means for prevention of S. mutans-induced dental caries.
Graft Transmission Efficiencies and Multiplication of ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter americanus’ and ‘<i>Ca.</i> Liberibacter asiaticus’ in Citrus Plants (2009)

In Brazil 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' and 'Ca. L. americanus' cause huanglongbing (also known as greening), the most destructive citrus disease. A shift in pathogen prevalence was observed over time, with a disproportional increase in 'Ca. L. asiaticus' occurrence. Graft transmission experiments were used for a comparative study of both species using budsticks from symptomatic branches of field-affected trees as inoculum. The plants were inoculated with 'Ca. L. asiaticus' or 'Ca. L. americanus' alone, or simultaneously with both species. Symptom manifestation and conventional and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were used for plant evaluations. 'Ca. L. americanus' was detected mainly in symptomatic plants and 'Ca. L. asiaticus' was detected in symptomatic plants as well as in infected plants prior to symptom manifestation. Transmission percentages varied from 54.7 to 88.0% for 'Ca. L. asiaticus' and 10.0 to 45.2% for 'Ca. L. americanus' in two experiments. In co-inoculated plants, 12.9% contained 'Ca. L. americanus' only, 40.3% contained 'Ca. L. asiaticus' only, and 19.3% contained both species. Average bacterial titers for 'Ca. L. asiaticus' and 'Ca. L. americanus', in log cells per gram of leaf midrib, were 6.42 and 4.87 for the experimental plants and 6.67 and 5.74 for the field trees used as the source of inoculum. The higher bacterial populations of the 'Ca. L. asiaticus'-infected plants provided an explanation for the disproportional increase in field prevalence of this species over time, based on the greater likelihood for pathogen transmission by the insect vector.
Collaborative Learning for Security and Repair in Application Communities (2011)

Abstract : We investigated techniques that enable a system to learn where it is vulnerable to an attack or programming error, then automatically generate and evaluate ways that it can thwart the attack or recover from the error to continue to execute successfully. The approach is designed to work for systems, such as existing standard information technology installations, that have large monocultures of identical applications. By sharing information about attacks, errors, and response and recovery strategies, the system can quickly learn which strategies work best. The end result is a system whose robustness and resilience automatically grow over time as it learns how to best adapt and respond to the attacks and errors that its components inevitably encounter.
A New Regulatory Road-Map for Alzheimer’s Disease Drug Development (2014)

A surfeit of errors and an absence of sufficiently rigorous neuroscience theory have led to failures of neuroscience drug developments and to less effective patient care. Alzheimer's disease (AD) requires systematic grounding of drug developments with mechanistic explanations to replace current trial and error approaches to the development of potential drug products. We foresee the need for regulatory revisions that will provide better balanced supports for advancing the AD scientific knowledge required to more effectively develop clinically useful drugs and for provisions to patients of drug candidates soundly predicted, based on documented effects on AD neuropathologies and safety, to slow or arrest the progression of persons at-risk to AD dementia. We propose that investigators and regulators focus AD clinical research on understanding the inductions of reversible and irreversible neuropathologies and their roles in generating clinical dementia. In support of this, we foresee the need for regulatory changes to create a vehicle for these clinical studies; for example, conditional drug approvals based on drug induced neuropathological changes.
Optical Control of Neural Activity by Waveguide Delivery in Genetically Targeted Brain Tissue (2009)

Genetically targeted neurons in brain expressing light sensitive channel Channelrhodopsin can be stimulated optically. We report a novel optical waveguide probe for simultaneous optical stimulation and electrical recording of neurons to modulate neural network behavior.
Cell-cell adhesion mediated by CD8 and human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen G, a nonclassical major histocompatibility complex class 1 molecule on cytotrophoblasts. (1991)

The lymphocyte differentiation marker CD8 acts as a coreceptor with the T cell receptor (TCR) during recognition of peptide presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. The functions of CD8 in the TCR complex are thought to be signaling through the association of CD8 with the protein tyrosine kinase p56lck and adhesion to MHC class I through the alpha 3 domain. While the ability of the CD8 alpha/alpha homodimer to bind to classical MHC class I molecules has been shown, it is unclear whether CD8 can also bind nonclassical molecules. Of particular interest is human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G which is expressed on placental cytotrophoblast cells. These cells do not express HLA-A, -B and -C molecules. In this report, we demonstrate that CD8 can bind to HLA-G. It is possible, therefore, that a cell bearing CD8 may interact with HLA-G-expressing cells.
Essential Oils of<i>Elettariopsis slahmong</i>C.K. Lim (2006)

Abstract The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of the leaves, rhizomes and roots of Elettariopsis slahmong C.K. Lim were analyzed by capillary GC and GC/MS. Thirty-two compounds were identified in the leaf oil, among which aldehydes predominated. The most abundant components were (E)-2-octenal (46.3%) and (E)-2-decenal (36.8%). The rhizomes and roots yielded oil also rich in aldehydes with a “stink bug” odor similar to the leaves, but (E)-2-decenal (79.4%) was clearly the most abundant among the 19 constituents identified.
Slowly expanding/evolving lesions as a magnetic resonance imaging marker of chronic active multiple sclerosis lesions (2018)

We suggest that SELs reflect chronic tissue loss in the absence of ongoing acute inflammation. SELs may represent a conventional brain MRI correlate of chronic active MS lesions and a candidate biomarker for smoldering inflammation in MS.
The compare of blood flowspectrum between intracranial and extracranial vertebral artery in patients with subclavian artery steal syndrome (2015)

Objective
To compare the difference of waveform between intracranial and extracranialsegment of vertebral artery as well as hemodynamic parameters in patientswith subclavian steal syndrome and explore its relativity with clinical symptoms.


Methods
Between May 2015 and August 2014, 213 patients with moderate (50%-69%) orsevere stenosis or occlusive lesions detected by vascular ultrasound and CTA or DSA imaging were enrolled in this study. The blood flow waveform examined by color duplex flow imaging (CDFI) and transcranial Doppler (TCD) or transcranial color coded Doppler (TCCD) in extracranialand intracranial artery segment were comparisoned. According to the classical stages (stageⅠ: occult steal; stageⅡ: partial steal; stage Ⅲ: complete steal), the hemodymics paremeter such as peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end diastolic velocity (EDV) of intracranial and extracranial artery were analyzed and compared in patients with same degree of steal syndrome.


Results
Among those 213 patients, there were 190 cases (89.2%, 190/213) with same degree of steal in intracranial and extracranial VA segments, including 52 cases (27.4%, 52/190) of phaseⅠsteal, 82 cases (43.2%, 82/190) of phaseⅡsteal and 56 cases (29.5%, 56/190) of phase Ⅲ steal. The analysis of the differences of blood velocities between the intracranial and extracranial VA in 190 patients with same stages of steal demonstrated that in patients with phaseⅡand phase Ⅲ steal, the PSVs and EDVs of intracranial segment were greater than those of the extracranial segment (P 0.05). The incidence of clinical symptom was relatively higher in patients with phaseⅡstealthan those in patients with phaseⅠand Ⅲ steal with no statistical difference (P>0.05) in intracranial or extracranial segment. Among those patients with inconsistent degree of steal, the incidence of relevant symptom rates inhanced (39.1%>25.8%).


Conclusions
When there is stenosis of subclavian artery, the blood spectrum of VA reflects a relatively same degree of steal of both intracranial and extracranial VA. However, the blood velocity is obviously higher in intracranial VA comparing to extracranial VA in patients with phaseⅡand phase Ⅲ steal. The incidence of clinical symptom was relatively higher in patients with phaseⅡsteal than those in patients with phaseⅠand Ⅲ steal.


Key words: 
Ultrasonography, Doppler, transcranial; Vertebral artery; Subclavian steal syndrome; Subclavian artery
CAROTENOIDS QUENCH EVOLUTION OF EXCITED SPECIES IN EPIDERMIS EXPOSED TO UV‐B (290‐320 nm) LIGHT (1986)

Abstract— Reactions involving singlet oxygen and other free radicals have been identified in epidermis containing either exogenous or endogenous photosensitizers. soaked in a singlet oxygen/free radical trap, and then exposed to visible or UV‐A (320‐400 nm) light. Such reactions can be quenched by the presence of the carotenoid pigments β‐carotene and canthaxanthin which accumulate in epidermis after oral administration. We report here that the carotenoid pigments β‐carotene. canthaxanthin and phytoene accumulating in epidermis can also quench to some degree those photochemical reactions involving singlet oxygen and free radicals that occur when epidermis is exposed to the sunburn spectrum of light (UV‐B. 290–320 nm).
Free Plasma DNA in Patients With Pulmonary Embolism (1980)

Plasma samples from 46 patients with suspected pulmonary embolism and 25 patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction were analyzed for DNA by counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE). Anti-DNA serum was obtained from a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus who had a high titer of anti-DNA antibodies. Seven of eight patients (88%) with high probability of pulmonary embolism by lung scan criteria had free DNA in their plasma. Six of 21 patients (29%) with low probability scans for pulmonary embolism also had DNA in their plasma. None of the eight patients with normal scans and only one of 13 patients with myocardial infarction had DNA in their plasma. Detection of plasma DNA by CIE is a rapid and simple method of screening for pulmonary embolism.
sielers : Feature Analysis and Polarity Classification of Expressions from Twitter and SMS Data (2013)

In this paper, we describe our system for the SemEval-2013 Task 2, Sentiment Analysis in Twitter. We formed features that take into account the context of the expression and take a supervised approach towards subjectivity and polarity classification. Experiments were performed on the features to find out whether they were more suited for subjectivity or polarity Classification. We tested our model for sentiment polarity classification on Twitter as well as SMS chat expressions, analyzed their F-measure scores and drew some interesting conclusions from them. 1
Introduction to Bioethics (2013)

When is it acceptable to end one’s care for a patient? What are acceptable methods in planning and giving birth? Do we have the right to make autonomous decisions about our care, and if so, how can we be guaranteed this right? Does it extend to animals? This course introduces the problems of bioethics through these and related questions. Students will learn to place ethical problems in the context of firstorder ethical frameworks, evaluate them using good arguments and case studies, and form their own views about them. The course is organized into six main topics.
Stereoselective synthesis of <i>cis</i> and <i>trans</i> four‐membered cyclic nitrones (1988)

Abstract Nitroalkenes 3–5 react with ynamines (1‐aminoacetylenes) 6 to yield four‐membered cyclic nitrones (2,3‐dihydroazete 1‐oxides) 7–13. The nitroalkenes 3 and 5c give the cis fourmembered cyclic nitrones 7–11 , whereas 4 and 5b yield the trans four‐membered cyclic nitrones 12–13 upon reaction with 6 . Nitroalkene 4i reacts with 6c to give a 1:1 mixture of the cis and trans four‐membered cyclic nitrones 9g and 13i . The trans stereochemistry of trans ‐ N,N‐ diethyl‐2, 3‐dihydro‐3‐(2‐methoxynaphthalenyl)‐2‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐2‐azetecarboxamide 1‐oxide ( 13k ) was elucidated by means of X‐ray analysis. Only from the reaction of 1‐nitrocyclopentene ( 5a ) with 6c , the initially formed (4 + 2) cycloadduct, the nitronic ester 17 has been isolated. The thermal ring contraction of 17 yields 3a, 4, 5, 6‐tetrahydro‐ N,N ‐dimethyl‐3‐phenyl‐3 H‐ cyclopent[c]isoxazole‐3‐ carboxamide ( 19 ), the structure of which was established by X‐ray analysis. The trans four‐membered cyclic nitrones are thermally relatively stable compared with the cis nitrones. The mechanism of the stereoselective formation of the nitrones is related to the conformation of the (4 + 2) cycloadduct 16 , which could be correlated with Chem‐X and MNDO calculations.
Electronic Commerce in China (2009)

Since early 2000, the commercial use of the Internet has opened a new era of electronic commerce. Online businesses have quickly propagated from the United States to the rest of the world, including the highly motivated, newly developed China market.
The Incidence and Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in Nova Scotia, Canada (2013)

Incidence et prévalence de la sclérose en plaques en Nouvelle-Écosse, Canada.
Twistable electronics with dynamically rotatable heterostructures (2018)

Controlling two-dimensional twist In heterostructures assembled from two-dimensional materials such as graphene, electron tunneling between layers varies strongly with the rotation angle between the crystal lattices. Usually, the twist angle between layers is fixed after assembly. Ribeiro-Palau et al. encapsulated graphene with boron nitride, but the top boron nitride flake was shaped so that an atomic force microscope tip could push on it to vary the twist angle by as little as 0.2°. They observed variations with twist angle in properties such as the charge neutrality point, which would be difficult to observe in static rotated structures. Science , this issue p. 690
Lewis Acid-Directed Cyclocondensation of Piperidone Enol Ethers with 2-Methoxy-4-(<i>N</i>-phenylsulfonyl)-1,4-benzoquinoneimine:  A New Regioselective Synthesis of Oxygenated Carbolines (2000)

Lewis acid-directed cyclocondensations of piperidone enol ethers with 2-methoxy-4-(N-phenylsulfonyl)-1,4-benzoquinoneimine are reported. Benzofurans are obtained with BF3.OEt2 as a promoter, whereas use of excess amounts of TiCl4:Ti(OiPr)4 leads to tetrahydrocarbolines. The latter reactions provide expedient routes to oxygen-substituted tetrahydrocarbolines and carbolines. As applications of this new methodology, the preparations of 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino-7-methoxy- and 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino-7,8-dimethoxy-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indoles are described.
WAP — The wireless application protocol (2000)

Today, the wireless network is mainly used for voice communication, where voice mail is the most popular value-added service. However, a new buzz word is increasingly being mentioned in the marketplace: WAP. With the WAP, a new dimension will be added to the use of mobile phones, through the introduction of new data-oriented mass-market services. The authors describe the WAP concept, it's historical and technological background, and the wide range of applications offered by this new approach to wireless data communication.KeywordsMobile PhoneContent ProviderMass MarketUniversal Resource LocatorWireless Application ProtocolThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Filter-and-sum beamformer with adjustable filter characteristics (2002)

We introduce a polynomial filter structure for filter-and-sum beamforming applied to a microphone array application. The structure is a multidimensional extension of the well known Farrow structure, which has mainly been used for fractional delay filtering and interpolation of I-D signals. The proposed method enables an easy, smooth and efficient control of the beamforming filter characteristics by adjusting only a single control variable, e.g., for dynamic beam steering. The optimization method for polynomial beamforming filter design is presented and illustrated with simulations of beamforming filter characteristics. The design example is given for a linear array of four omni-directional microphones and a polynomial FIR filter with 20-tap delay lines.
How to Do Everything with Your iPAQ Pocket PC (2002)

From the Publisher:
Do more with your iPAQ than you ever thought possible using this easy-to-use guide. Get step-by-step guidance for using Word,Excel,and Outlook,manage your finances,and secure your iPAQ from theft or loss. Covering wireless connections,troubleshooting,as well as fun things to do with the most popular pocket PC this book will show you how make the most out of your iPAQ.
Statins Decrease Lung Inflammation in Mice by Upregulating Tetraspanin CD9 in Macrophages (2013)

Tetraspanins organize protein complexes in tetraspanin-enriched membrane microdomains that are distinct from lipid rafts. Our previous studies suggested that reduction in the levels of tetraspanins CD9 and CD81 may be involved in the progression of inflammatory lung diseases, especially COPD. To search for agents that increase the levels of these tetraspanins, we screened 1,165 drugs in clinical use and found that statins upregulate CD9 and CD81 in RAW264.7 macrophages. The lipophilic statins, fluvastatin and simvastatin, reversed LPS-induced downregulation of CD9 and CD81, simultaneously preventing TNF-α and matrix metalloproteinase-9 production and spreading of RAW264.7 cells. These statins exerted anti-inflammatory effects in vitro in wild-type macrophages but not in CD9 knockout macrophages, and decreased lung inflammation in vivo in wild-type mice but not in CD9 knockout mice, suggesting that their effects are dependent on CD9. Mechanistically, the statins promoted reverse transfer of the LPS-signaling mediator CD14 from lipid rafts into CD9-enriched microdomains, thereby preventing LPS receptor formation. Finally, upregulation of CD9/CD81 by statins was related to blockade of GTPase geranylgeranylation in the mevalonate pathway. Our data underscore the importance of the negative regulator CD9 in lung inflammation, and suggest that statins exert anti-inflammatory effects by upregulating tetraspanin CD9 in macrophages.