gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of an Automated Anthropometric Data Measurement System (AADMS) (1984)

Due to the limited space available in modern cockpits and crewstations, certain critical anthropometric features of an aviator must be measured properly. Unreasonable and erroneous anthropometric values are sometimes recorded because of measuring and operator errors. The purpose of the Automated Anthropometric Data Measurement System (AADMS - pronounced ADAMS) is to reliably and accurately measure anthropometric features in a timely and efficient manner and to eliminate the source of many of these errors. AADMS utilizes a microcomputer interfaced to a variety of position sensors and transducers to gather and internally verify data on 11 anthropometric parameters.
Capillary Zone Electrophoresis of Organic Acids and Anions (1993)

Abstract Two buffer systems are described for the separation of anions by capillary electrophoresis. In each system, the ions are monitored by indirect detection. Organic acids are separated with potassium hydrogen phthalate, 2-(N-morpholino)-ethanesulfonic acid and tetradecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide. Other anions are separated in 1,2,4,5 benzene tetracarboxylic acid (pyromellitic acid) and diethylenetriamine.
Update on MSPrecise: A Novel Diagnostic Test for Multiple Sclerosis (P4.138) (2014)

OBJECTIVE: Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disorder of the CNS that is difficult to diagnose. The goal of this study is to validate a novel diagnostic assay to improve the early, accurate diagnosis of MS. BACKGROUND: The MSPrecise technology was developed based on research into novel patterns of B cell mutations in patients with MS. The study is ongoing, but has enrolled more than 80% of its cohort and preliminary data is available. DESIGN/METHODS: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected from human subjects under a IRB-approved protocol. Each subject’s clinical data is evaluated by an adjudication Committee consisting of three practicing MS experts. CSF-derived cells were collected by centrifugation and stored frozen until use. Rearranged Ig heavy chain (IGH) V4(D)J gene segments were amplified from genomic DNA using a two-step PCR protocol based on the 4-primer Amplicon Tagging system (Fluidigm). Amplified and barcoded IGH-V4(D)J PCR amplicons were gel purified and used for Next Generation DNA Sequencing (NGS) using the 454 GS FLX+ Sequencing system and Titanium chemistry (Roche). Barcode sequences were used to identify sequence reads derived from each patient sample. MSPrecise scores were then calculated using the remaining unique sequences according to the method of Cameron et al (J Neuroimmunol. 2009 213:123-130). The MSPrecise scores are used to classify patients using a cutoff of 6.8. RESULTS: More than 200 patients have been enrolled to date in the MSPrecise Clinical Validation study. This study is ongoing and we project that more than 250 subjects will be enrolled in this by the end of 2013. Approximately 150 subjects have been adjudicated to date with 30% of the subjects receiving a unanimous (3 out of 3) consensus diagnosis of either RRMS or other neurological disease. The performance of MSPrecise, based on current data, is 80% sensitive and 83% specific. CONCLUSIONS: MSPrecise represents a novel, biologically important diagnostic test for multiple sclerosis. Study Supported by: DioGenix
<title>Volumetric three-dimensional display system with rasterization hardware</title> (2001)

An 8-color multiplanar volumetric display is being developed by Actuality Systems, Inc. It will be capable of utilizing an image volume greater than 90 million voxels, which we believe is the greatest utilizable voxel set of any volumetric display constructed to date. The display is designed to be used for molecular visualization, mechanical CAD, e-commerce, entertainment, and medical imaging. As such, it contains a new graphics processing architecture, novel high-performance line- drawing algorithms, and an API similar to a current standard. Three-dimensional imagery is created by projecting a series of 2-D bitmaps ('image slices') onto a diffuse screen that rotates at 600 rpm. Persistence of vision fuses the slices into a volume-filling 3-D image. A modified three-panel Texas Instruments projector provides slices at approximately 4 kHz, resulting in 8-color 3-D imagery comprised of roughly 200 radially-disposed slices which are updated at 20 Hz. Each slice has a resolution of 768 by 768 pixels, subtending 10 inches. An unusual off-axis projection scheme incorporating tilted rotating optics is used to maintain good focus across the projection screen. The display electronics includes a custom rasterization architecture which converts the user's 3- D geometry data into image slices, as well as 6 Gbits of DDR SDRAM graphics memory.
Base-Mediated Reaction of Hydrazones and Nitroolefins with a Reversed Regioselectivity:  A Novel Synthesis of 1,3,4-Trisubstituted Pyrazoles (2008)

A regioselective synthesis of 1,3,4-tri- or 1,3,4,5-tetrasubstituted pyrazoles by the reaction of hydrazones with nitroolefins is described. Mediated with strong bases such as t-BuOK, the reaction exhibits a reversed, exclusive 1,3,4-regioselectivity. Subsequent quenching with strong acids such as TFA is essential to achieve good yields. A plausible stepwise cycloaddition reaction mechanism is proposed.
<title>Free-space quantum key distribution at night</title> (1998)

An experimental free-space quantum key distribution (QKD) system has been tested over an outdoor optical path of approximately 1 km under nighttime conditions at Los Alamos National Laboratory. This system employs the Bennett 92 protocol; here we give a brief overview of this protocol, and describe our experimental implementation of it. An analysis of the system efficiency is presented as well as a description of our error detection protocol, which employs a 2D parity check scheme. Finally, the susceptibility of this system to eavesdropping by various techniques is determined, and the effectiveness of privacy amplification procedures is discussed. Our conclusions are that free-space QKD is both effective and secure; possible applications include the rekeying of satellites in low earth orbit.
Bladder Instillation of Liposomes for Bladder Coating and Drug Delivery Platform (2009)

The clinical use of exogenous polysaccharides for the treatment of interstitial cystitis (IC) has lent credence to the concept of a dysfunctional urothelium as the cause of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Studies have shown that lipids in the apical membrane of the urothelium form an integral component of the permeability barrier in the bladder. This premise is supported by the therapeutic effect of empty liposomes in the irritated bladder. Instillation of liposomes comprised of natural phospholipids can augment bladder barrier function and support repair following injury from protamine sulfate and irritation with high potassium concentration. The mechanism of action proposed for the therapeutic effect of empty liposomes is that liposomes form a coat on the injured urothelium and block irritation of submucosal afferent nerves. Reduced afferent excitation after liposome instillation is reflected in prolonged intercontractile interval in cystometry. Liposomes offer a powerful new treatment option for IC using an intravesical route and as a platform for intravesical drug delivery.
Diagnostic Potential for Human Malignancies of Bacterially Produced HTLV-I Envelope Protein (1984)

Two regions of the gene for the human T-cell leukemia virus subgroup I (HTLV-I) envelope were expressed in Escherichia coli by use of the vector pJLA16. One corresponds to the carboxyl terminal region of the major envelope protein p46, and the other corresponds to the transmembrane protein p21E. Reactivity of the expressed protein with human serum was tested by the Western blot procedure. Each of 11 sera tested that had been shown to contain antibodies to HTLV-I or HTLV-II by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay recognized the bacterially synthesized envelope proteins. There was no reaction detected when 17 control sera were tested. This system will be useful for large-scale seroepidemiological surveys for HTLV-I and related human retroviruses.
A partition and resynthesis approach to testable design of large circuits (1995)

We present a new area-efficient procedure for embedding test function into the gate-level implementation of a sequential circuit. First, we develop a test machine embedding technique for a given gate-level implementation of a finite state machine. The test machine states are mapped onto the states of the given circuit such that a minimum number of new state variable dependencies are introduced. The composite function is optimized. Experimental results show that our method yields testable machine implementations that have lower area than the corresponding full scan designs. The test generation complexity for our machine implementation is the same as that for a full scan design. To apply the method to large gate-level designs, we partition the circuit into interconnected finite-state machines. Each component state machine can be specified either as its gate-level implementation or as the extracted state diagram. We incorporate test functions into each component finite state machine such that the entire interconnection of the augmented components has the same testability properties as the product machine with a single test function. ISCAS '89 benchmark circuits are partitioned into component finite state machines using a new testability-directed partitioning algorithm. Again, our embedding procedure results in testable circuits that have lower area than the corresponding full scan designs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Kinetic and Cellular Characterization of Novel Inhibitors of S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase (2009)

S-Nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) is an alcohol dehydrogenase involved in the regulation of S-nitrosothiols (SNOs) in vivo. Knock-out studies in mice have shown that GSNOR regulates the smooth muscle tone in airways and the function of beta-adrenergic receptors in lungs and heart. GSNOR has emerged as a target for the development of therapeutic approaches for treating lung and cardiovascular diseases. We report three compounds that exclude GSNOR substrate, S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) from its binding site in GSNOR and cause an accumulation of SNOs inside the cells. The new inhibitors selectively inhibit GSNOR among the alcohol dehydrogenases. Using the inhibitors, we demonstrate that GSNOR limits nitric oxide-mediated suppression of NF-kappaB and activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase. Our findings reveal GSNOR inhibitors to be novel tools for regulating nitric oxide bioactivity and assessing the role of SNOs in vivo.
Peer Reviewed Title: Multiple View Feature Descriptors From Image Sequences Via Kernel Principal Component Analysis Author: (2004)

We present a method for learning feature descriptors using multiple images, motivated by the problems of mobile robot navigation and localization. The technique uses the relative simplicity of small baseline tracking in image sequences to develop descriptors suitable for the more challenging task of wide baseline matching across significant viewpoint changes. The variations in the appearance of each feature are learned using kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) over the course of image sequences. An approximate version of KPCA is applied to reduce the computational complexity of the algorithms and yield a compact representation. Our experiments demonstrate robustness to wide appearance variations on non-planar surfaces, including changes in illumination, viewpoint, scale, and geometry of the scene.
Fabrication of three-dimensional photonic crystals with multilayer photolithography (2005)

We have developed a new approach for the fabrication of three-dimensional photonic crystals based on multi-layer photolithography. This method, which uses commercially available photoresist, allows parallel fabrication of three-dimensional photonic crystals, and possesses the flexibility to create a variety of different lattice arrangements and the freedom of arbitrary defect introduction. We describe in this work how this method is derived from mature two-dimensional photolithography and demonstrate it with the fabrication of multi-layer woodpile structures with and without defects as well as other unique three-dimensional microstructures.
Arbitrary Bit Generation and Correction Technique for Encoding QC-LDPC Codes with Dual-Diagonal Parity Structure (2007)

In this paper, we propose a simple yet low complex systematic LDPC encoding method for class of quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check (QC-LDPC) codes which have an efficient encoding/decoding algorithm due to the simple structure of their parity-check matrices. The proposed encoding method is applicable to parity-check matrices having dual-diagonal parity structure with single column of weight 3. Unlike finding a direct solution for parity bits in schemes (Richardson and Urbanke, 2001 and Classon and Blankeship, 2004), the proposed scheme first generates arbitrary parity bits. Then, given the parity bits for the first sub-block and exploiting the dual-diagonal structure, all parity bits are found through correction. With slight modification of parity-check matrix H, proposed LDPC encoding scheme is directly applicable to matrices defined in IEEE physical layer standards with almost negligible performance loss. Moreover, the overall computational complexity involving encoding process is lower than well-known Richardson's efficient encoding scheme (Richardson and Urbanke, 2001).
Dynamic relationship and event discovery (2011)

This paper studies the problem of dynamic relationship and event discovery. A large body of previous work on relation extraction focuses on discovering predefined and static relationships between entities. In contrast, we aim to identify temporally defined (e.g., co-bursting) relationships that are not predefined by an existing schema, and we identify the underlying time constrained events that lead to these relationships. The key challenges in identifying such events include discovering and verifying dynamic connections among entities, and consolidating binary dynamic connections into events consisting of a set of entities that are connected at a given time period. We formalize this problem and introduce an efficient end-to-end pipeline as a solution. In particular, we introduce two formal notions, global temporal constraint cluster and local temporal constraint cluster, for detecting dynamic events. We further design efficient algorithms for discovering such events from a large graph of dynamic relationships. Finally, detailed experiments on real data show the
Lattice low-density parity check codes and their application in partial response systems (2003)

This paper introduces a combinatorial construction of high rate low-density parity check codes based on two-dimensional integer lattices. A class of codes with a wide range of lengths, column weights and minimum distances is obtained. The resulting codes are doubly circulant, i.e. the matrix of parity checks is an array of circulant matrices. The bounds on the minimum distance are established and the performance of these codes in partial response channels is investigated.
Novel Protein Folding Pathways for Protein Salvage and Recycling (2013)

Abstract : The goals for this project were as follows: 1. Demonstrate long term dispersion of aggregation-prone proteins with low temperature-active, mutant chaperones. 2. Develop refolding and salvage systems for maintaining proteins during long term incubation using chaperones with folding ability. Archaea are primitive microorganisms placed at the base of the Tree of Life, with greatly reduced genomes and proteomes compared to many mesophiles. In hyperthermophilic Archaea, the chaperonin (Cpn60) is the only ATP dependent protein folding complex is a 1 mDa molecular machine formed by two stacked rings of subunits. We have characterized the folding cycle in this machine and have created mutations that modulate its operating temperature to allow for efficient salvage of proteins. Using these chaperones we have accomplished the following: Manipulation of client protein range of chaperones, adjustment of E. coli's growth temperature, improved recombinant protein production, dismantling of amyloid proteins and inclusion bodies. Evidently, in vivo proteostasis enhancement systems resulted in enhanced high temperature growth and rapid folding of recombinant proteins. The discovery of reformulation of insoluble proteins opens new avenues for protein salvage.
Bandpass response traveling-wave modulator with a transit time difference compensation scheme (1985)

We propose and analyze a new traveling-wave modulator, where the bandwidth limiting effects of walk off between the microwave and the optical wave is compensated by a drive signal polarity reversal scheme thus significantly enhancing the achievable bandwidth, at the expense of baseband response.
In-situ activation of NiMo catalyst based on support surface-bound thiols: A green approach to catalyst sulfidation and improved activity (2021)

The sulfidation of NiMo catalyst by thermal decomposition of support surface-bound thiols to generate stoichiometric amount of H2S has proved to be a clean and remarkable approach for catalyst activation. The role of loading of thiol groups on the formation and dispersion of MoS2 active phase on the mesoporous silica support was further evaluated. The catalytic activity of the supported catalysts and a reference catalyst was evaluated in the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of dibenzothiophene. The soft acid-soft base interaction between Mo metal and thiol groups enhanced proportionately the metal’s dispersion on the thiol containing support. The thermal decomposition of thiols to generate H2S result in slow and uniform sulfidation of the NiMo to form the NiMoS catalyst. This approach of in-situ generation of H2S for sulfidation provides a promising green method of activating the HDS catalysts without direct use of H2S.
Understanding of collective atom phase control in modified photon echoes for a near perfect, storage time extended quantum memory (2017)

A near perfect, storage time-extended photon echo-based quantum memory protocol has been analyzed by solving the Maxwell-Bloch equations for a backward scheme in a three-level system. The backward photon echo scheme is combined with a controlled coherence conversion process via control Rabi flopping to a third state, where the control Rabi flopping collectively shifts the phase of the ensemble coherence. The propagation direction of photon echoes is coherently determined by the phase matching condition between the data (quantum) and the control (classical) pulses. Herein we discuss the classical controllability of a quantum state for both phase and propagation direction by manipulating the control pulses in both single and double rephasing photon echo schemes of a three-level system. Compared with their well-understood use for two-level photon echoes, the Maxwell-Bloch equations to a three-level system have a critical limitation regarding the phase change when interacted with an arbitrary control pulse area.
Entropy-based non-line of sight identification for wireless positioning systems (2014)

Indoor positioning has gained considerable attention over the last decade. For time-of arrival based systems, operating in urban and indoor environments the availability of line-of-sight signals is not always guaranteed due to physical obstructions such as buildings, walls, elevator shafts, etc. Specifically non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions introduce a bias to the distance estimation which results in significant localization errors. It is therefore vital to be able to identify NLOS channels accurately in real-time and mitigate their impact on location estimation. Channel-based metrics such as RMS delay spread and kurtosis have been proposed for Ultra Wideband systems to identify NLOS channels. Their performance under different system bandwidths (e.g. WLAN), however, has not been investigated in the literature. In this paper we introduce a novel NLOS identification metric based on the entropy of the Channel Impulse Response (CIR) which exhibits distinct statistical properties in different channel conditions. Using frequency domain wireless propagation measurements in a typical indoor environment we show that the entropy metric has a higher detection/identification rate compared to RMS delay spread and kurtosis. We provide empirical evaluation of the test metrics under different system bandwidths and illustrate that entropy shows significant performance gains especially at lower bandwidths. The performance of NLOS identification depends on the accuracy of the estimated metric. Thus in order to estimate the entropy metric accurately we have selected the autoregressive (AR) modeling method which has shown accurate and consistent performance. Finally, we present an investigation of the impact of AR modeling parameters on the performance of entropy-based NLOS identification.
Stable Performance of a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell System in a Closed Environment without External Humidification (2006)

Polymer Electrolyte Fuel-Cell (PEFC) systems are being developed at JAXA for applications to transfer vehicles for short-term missions and larger spacecraft in the future. For space applications in a closed environment, we developed a system in which the fuel is perfectly consumed and the oxygen is recycled. We prepared a fuel-cell stack, gas circulator, and dehydrator; combined them; and operated the fuel-cell system without external humidification. Our system concept of the fuel cell operated under the closed environment was verified for 250 hours. We observed the stable average output voltage over 0.75 V while PEFC continuously generated 60 A. We then varied the current level from 30 to 150 A and continued the test for 400 hours. We operated fuel cell system with constant gas circulation rate at the various load level, and observed stable performance of our PEFC system in a closed gas circulation system without external humidification.
Ultrafast phase and amplitude pulse shaping with a single, one-dimensional, high-resolution phase mask. (2007)

An ultrafast pulse shaper, capable of both phase and amplitude shaping, is constructed using a single high-resolution liquid crystal phase mask. The shaper is calibrated with an inline spectral interferometry technique. Amplitude shaping is accomplished by writing to the mask a phase grating, whose period is smaller than the spectral focus, diffracting away selected frequencies in a controllable manner.
Expiratory Flow and Volume Estimation Through Thermal-CO$ {}_{\text{2}} $ Imaging (2023)

Effort-independent evaluation of exhale flow and volume broadens capabilities in pulmonological assessment and long-term non-contact respiratory analysis.
Scheduling with global information in distributed systems (2002)

Buffered coscheduling is a distributed scheduling methodology for time-sharing communicating processes in a distributed system, e.g., PC cluster. The principle mechanisms involved in this methodology are communication buffering and strobing. With communication buffering, communication generated by each processor is buffered and performed at the end of regular intervals (or time slices) to amortize communication and scheduling overhead. This regular communication structure is then leveraged by introducing a strobing mechanism which performs a total exchange of information at the end of each time slice. Thus, a distributed system can rely on this global information to more efficiently schedule communicating processes rather than rely on isolated or implicit information gathered from local events between processors. We describe how buffered coscheduling is implemented in the context of our SMART simulator. We then present performance measurements for two synthetic workloads and demonstrate the effectiveness of buffered coscheduling under different computational granularities, context-switch times and time-slice granularities.