gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improving the SSD Performance by Exploiting Request Characteristics and Internal Parallelism (2017)

With the explosive growth in the data volume, the I/O bottleneck has become an increasingly daunting challenge for big data analytics. It is urgent and important to introduce high-performance flash-based solid state drives (SSDs) into the storage systems. However, since the existing systems are primarily designed for conventional magnetic hard disk drives, directly incorporating SSDs in the existing systems cannot fully exploit SSDs' performance advantages. In this paper, we propose a new I/O scheduler for SSDs, namely Amphibian, that exploits the high-level request characteristics and low-level parallelism of flash chips to improve the performance of SSD-based storage systems. Amphibian includes two performance enhancement schemes: 1) size-based request ordering, which prioritizes requests with small sizes in processing and 2) garbage collection (GC)-aware request dispatching that delays issuing requests to flash chips that are in the GC state. These two schemes employed in Amphibian significantly reduce the average waiting times of the requests from the host. Our extensive evaluation results derived from three types of SSDs show that, compared with the existing I/O schedulers, Amphibian greatly improves both throughput and average response times for SSD-based storage systems, thus improving the I/O performance of the systems.
Characterization of adrenergic control of the Leydig cell steroidogenesis: identification of both stimulatory and inhibitory components. (1988)

Percoll-purified Leydig cells were studied in vitro in order to evaluate the effect of adrenaline on testosterone (T) secretion. Adrenaline enhanced the basal and potentiated the hCG-induced T release. A similar effect was also obtained with the beta 2-agonist, salbutamol. Although phenylephrine, an alpha 1-agonist, did not alter the basal T secretion, it enhanced hCG-mediated T secretion. Para-aminoclonidine, an alpha 2-agonist, decreased the basal T release without altering the hCG-stimulated T release. These data demonstrate that either inhibitory or stimulatory effects on T release can be obtained and that they depend on the adrenoreceptor subtype involved.
Forecasting spot electricity prices: Deep learning approaches and empirical comparison of traditional algorithms (2018)

In this paper, a novel modeling framework for forecasting electricity prices is proposed. While many predictive models have been already proposed to perform this task, the area of deep learning algorithms remains yet unexplored. To fill this scientific gap, we propose four different deep learning models for predicting electricity prices and we show how they lead to improvements in predictive accuracy. In addition, we also consider that, despite the large number of proposed methods for predicting electricity prices, an extensive benchmark is still missing. To tackle that, we compare and analyze the accuracy of 27 common approaches for electricity price forecasting. Based on the benchmark results, we show how the proposed deep learning models outperform the state-of-the-art methods and obtain results that are statistically significant. Finally, using the same results, we also show that: (i) machine learning methods yield, in general, a better accuracy than statistical models; (ii) moving average terms do not improve the predictive accuracy; (iii) hybrid models do not outperform their simpler counterparts.
Synopsis of the plants known as medicinal and poisonous in Northeast of Brazil (2007)

The objective of this work is a survey of the species of plants and their alleged therapeutic uses which are utilized in Northeast region of Brazil. The area of this study is well known for its rich diversity of species of plants and habitats, which range from rainforest, atlantic forest, coastal dunes systems and mangroves, to dry forests and savannas. A total of 483 species belonging to 79 families along with their ethnomedicinal information have been recorded. This study aims at emphasizing the greatest importance of investigating those species of plants which have not been the subject of any pharmacological study, although their popular uses have been reported.
Engineering Management towards 2000 (1991)

Professional engineers are needed to lead the management of the engineering-based infrastructure, and the entrepreneurial management of industrial competitiveness. But during the 1990s Australia faces an engineer scarcity. Although at present there is some sectional unemployment, the future must be planned on the basis of engineers as a scarce resource, to be nurtured by excellence in management and augmented by support from engineering technologists and engineering associates. To these ends, the Institution of Engineers, Australia (IEAust) has taken several initiatives: formation of the Society for Engineering Management Australia (SEMA), established membership structures and formulated National Competency Standards for professional engineers, engineering technologists and engineering associates. IEAust also is promoting better management skills among engineering graduates, and a better understanding of the management of risk. These issues are brought together to provide a strategic overview of the directions being taken by the profession as it approaches the new century.
A laser based reusable microjet injector for transdermal drug delivery (2010)

A laser based needle-free liquid drug injection device has been developed. A laser beam is focused inside the liquid contained in the rubber chamber of microscale. The focused laser beam causes explosive bubble growth, and the sudden volume increase in a sealed chamber drives a microjet of liquid drug through the micronozzle. The exit diameter of a nozzle is 125 μm and the injected microjet reaches an average velocity of 264 m/s. This device adds the time-varying feature of microjet to the current state of liquid injection for drug delivery.
Aspectos numéricos de la aplicación del método de los elementos de contorno al problema de contacto (1986)

El Método de los Elementos & Contorno ha sido poco utilizado para resolver problemas de contacto entre sólidos deformables. En el trabajo que se presenta se han desarrollado dos técnicas, (aplicación implícita de las condiciones de simetría y condensación estática de grados de libertad no activos durante el proceso de contacto) que permiten reducir el tiempo total de cálculo, así como la utilización de pequeños ordenadores al reducir también el tamaño del sistema de ecuaciones a resolver. La formulación del problema se realiza sin necesidad de establecer la superficie final deformada, utilizándose en la discretización elementos discontinuos lineales que permiten aplicar muy fácilmente las condiciones de contorno, no presentando ningún tipo de incompatibilidades durante el proceso de contacto.
Increased Levels of Magnetic Iron Compounds in Alzheimer's Disease (2008)

A study of the magnetic properties of superior temporal gyrus brain tissue from 11 Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 11 age-matched control subjects demonstrates an exponential correlation between the concentrations of the Fe;{2+}-ion-containing iron oxide, magnetite (Fe{3}O{4}), and the fraction of those particles that are smaller than 20 nm in diameter. These data provide circumstantial evidence in favor of their genesis within the 8 nm diameter cores of the iron storage protein ferritin. We also show, for the first time, that the total concentration of biogenic magnetite is generally higher in the AD brain (in some cases as much as 15 times greater than controls) and that there are gender-based differences, with AD female subjects having significantly higher concentrations than all other groups. These results provide insights which may guide current efforts to develop iron-based MRI diagnosis of AD.
Pancreas-Targeted NIR Fluorophores for Dual-Channel Image-Guided Abdominal Surgery (2014)

Pancreas-targeted NIR fluorophores combined with the FLARE dual-channel imaging system enable the real-time intraoperative pancreas imaging which helps surgeons perform safer and more curative abdominal surgeries.
Thick-film ammonia gas sensor with high sensitivity and excellent selectivity (2004)

A highly sensitive ammonia gas sensor using thick-film technology has been fabricated and examined. The sensing material of the gas sensor is FeOx- oxide semiconductor. The sensor exhibits resistance increase upon exposure to low concentration of ammonia gas. The resistance of the sensor is decreased, on the other hand, for exposure to reducing gases such as ethyl alcohol, methane, propane and carbon monoxide. A novel method for detecting ammonia gas quite selectively utilizing a sensor array consisting of an ammonia gas sensor and a compensation element has been proposed and developed. The compensation element is a Pt-doped gas sensor which shows opposite direction of resistance change in comparison with the ammonia gas sensor upon exposure to ammonia gas. Excellent selectivity has been achieved using the sensor array having two sensing elements.
Clinical Similarities and Histological Diversity Comparing Fresh Frozen Onlay Bone Blocks Allografts and Autografts in Human Maxillary Reconstruction (2011)

Human fresh-frozen bone block AL showed clinical compatibility for grafting procedures, although associated to slow remodeling process. Further studies are needed to define, at long term, the remodeling process chronology the clinical longitudinal results for fresh-frozen bone AL.
A friend within the heart: natriuretic peptide receptor signaling (2003)

Three different natriuretic peptides have been characterized: ANP
Mining Roles with Multiple Objectives (2010)

With the growing adoption of Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) in commercial security and identity management products, how to facilitate the process of migrating a non-RBAC system to an RBAC system has become a problem with significant business impact. Researchers have proposed to use data mining techniques to discover roles to complement the costly top-down approaches for RBAC system construction. An important problem is how to construct RBAC systems with low complexity. In this article, we define the notion of weighted structural complexity measure and propose a role mining algorithm that mines RBAC systems with low structural complexity. Another key problem that has not been adequately addressed by existing role mining approaches is how to discover roles with semantic meanings. In this article, we study the problem in two primary settings with different information availability. When the only information is user-permission relation, we propose to discover roles whose semantic meaning is based on formal concept lattices. We argue that the theory of formal concept analysis provides a solid theoretical foundation for mining roles from a user-permission relation. When user-attribute information is also available, we propose to create roles that can be explained by expressions of user-attributes. Since an expression of attributes describes a real-world concept, the corresponding role represents a real-world concept as well. Furthermore, the algorithms we propose balance the semantic guarantee of roles with system complexity. Finally, we indicate how to create a hybrid approach combining top-down candidate roles. Our experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approaches.
Impacto de la Evaluación Externa en los Centros Educativos Públicos de la provincia de Granada (Andalucía). La Perspectiva de los Actores Educativos (2016)

El “movimiento de mejora y calidad del sistema educativo” (LOE, 2006) posibilita la aplicación de las Pruebas de Evaluación y Diagnóstico sobre los centros escolares andaluces. Investigaciones en el ámbito internacional constatan efectos a nivel escolar cuando se aplica la evaluación externa. La necesidad de evidencia empírica (cualitativa) en el contexto andaluz impulsa el objetivo del estudio: analizar las percepciones y valoraciones de los actores educativos acerca del impacto de las PED en los centros escolares. La investigación se realizó en seis centros de educación primaria públicos de la Provincia de Granada (Andalucía) diferenciados geográficamente y por tipo de alumnado. Se utilizo metodología cualitativa y “análisis de contenido” para reducir los datos. Los resultados reflejan las categorías emergentes. Su índice de frecuencia categorial (IFC) evidenció que el efecto del diagnóstico se incrementa mientras la tipología del centro decrece. También permitió organizar las sub-categorías en relación con su grado de impacto.
Extended Isolation Forest (2019)

We present an extension to the model-free anomaly detection algorithm, Isolation Forest. This extension, named Extended Isolation Forest (EIF), resolves issues with assignment of anomaly score to given data points. We motivate the problem using heat maps for anomaly scores. These maps suffer from artifacts generated by the criteria for branching operation of the binary tree. We explain this problem in detail and demonstrate the mechanism by which it occurs visually. We then propose two different approaches for improving the situation. First we propose transforming the data randomly before creation of each tree, which results in averaging out the bias. Second, which is the preferred way, is to allow the slicing of the data to use hyperplanes with random slopes. This approach results in remedying the artifact seen in the anomaly score heat maps. We show that the robustness of the algorithm is much improved using this method by looking at the variance of scores of data points distributed along constant level sets. We report AUROC and AUPRC for our synthetic datasets, along with real-world benchmark datasets. We find no appreciable difference in the rate of convergence nor in computation time between the standard Isolation Forest and EIF.
Group III Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors (mGlu4, mGlu6, mGlu7, and mGlu8) (2008)

G protein-coupled group III metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) include four subtypes that are negatively coupled to adenylyl cyclase (mGluRs 4, 7, and 8) or positively to a cGMP phosphodiesterase (mGluR6). Typically, they exert inhibitory influences on neuronal activity. This chapter reviews the characteristics of group III mGluRs and their normal functions and role in nervous system disorders. The therapeutic potential of group III mGluRs resides in their antiepileptic (mGluRs 4 and 7), neuroprotective (mGluRs 4, 7, and 8), anti-parkinsonian (mGluRs 4 and 7), anxiolytic (mGluR4), and analgesic effects. However, possible side effects may need to be considered because group III mGluRs can inhibit normal synaptic transmission and memory processes, and mGluR6 is important for visual transmission. This chapter emphasizes that the analysis of the role of individual group III mGluR subtypes is required to determine their potential therapeutic value.
High CO<sub>2</sub> Selectivity of an Amine-Functionalized Metal Organic Framework in Adsorption-Based and Membrane-Based Gas Separations (2013)

Molecular simulations were used to assess the potential of a new amine-functionalized metal organic framework (MOF), Zn-aminotriazolato-oxalate (Zn-Atz), in adsorption-based and membrane-based gas separations. Single-component adsorption isotherms for CO2, H2, CH4, and N2 were computed and compared with the available experimental isotherm data. The good agreement between experiments and simulations motivated us to predict adsorption equilibria and transport rates of CH4/H2, CO2/H2, CO2/CH4, and CO2/N2 mixtures in Zn-Atz. We then used this molecular-level information to evaluate adsorption selectivity, permeation selectivity, working capacity, gas permeability, and sorbent selection parameter of Zn-Atz for CH4/H2, CO2/H2, CO2/CH4, and CO2/N2 separations. The separation performance of Zn-Atz was compared with several other nanoporous adsorbents and membranes. Finally, the selectivity and permeability of mixed matrix membranes where Zn-Atz was used as filler particles were evaluated by combining molecular simulations and continuum modeling. Our results showed that this amine-functionalized MOF is a very good candidate especially for separation of CO2 from other gases both in adsorption-based and membrane-based separations due to its high affinity for CO2.
Anti-inflammatory and analgesic actions of bufotenine through inhibiting lipid metabolism pathway (2021)

Inflammation is a primary defense and immune response. However, under pathological conditions, the inflammation processes always become uncontrolled and lead to chronic diseases. Bufotenine, as a natural component from toad venom, showed great potential for development as a novel anti-inflammation and analgesia agent. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of bufotenine against inflammation and pain on animal models with a focus on lipid metabolism. In pharmacological studies, bufotenine significantly inhibited the swelling rates on formalin-induced paw edema model, and increased paw withdrawal mechanical thresholds (PWMTs) in von Frey test and thermal pain thresholds (TPTs) in hot-plate test. High-sensitivity lipidomics analysis revealed the effects might be related to the down-regulation of inflammatory mediators from cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), cytochrome P450 (CYP450), linoleic acid (LA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and other pathways. The activities might result from the binding of bufotenine and its receptors, including sigma-1 receptor and 5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A, thus regulating lipid metabolism pathway. The research provided a systemic evidence for the actions and mechanism of bufotenine. It suggested that the natural compound might be a potential candidate for reducing inflammatory pain disorders.
Learning to Reconstruct 3D Structures for Occupancy Mapping (2017)

Real world scenarios contain many structural patterns that, if appropriately extracted and modeled, can be used to reduce problems associated with sensor failure and occlusions, while improving planning methods in tasks such as navigation and grasping. This paper devises a novel unsupervised procedure that is able to learn 3D structures from unorganized point clouds as occupancy maps. Our framework enables the learning of unique and arbitrarily complex features using a Bayesian Convolutional Variational Auto-Encoder that compresses local information into a latent low-dimensional representation and then decodes it back in order to reconstruct the original scene. This reconstructive model is trained on features obtained automatically from a wide variety of scenarios to improve its generalization and interpolative powers. We show that the proposed framework is able to recover partially missing structures and reason over occlusion with high accuracy, while maintaining a detailed reconstruction of observed areas. To seamlessly combine this localized feature information into a single global structure, we employ a Hilbert Map, recently proposed as a robust and efficient occupancy mapping technique. Experimental tests are conducted in large-scale 2D and 3D datasets, and a study on the impact of various accuracy/speed trade-offs is provided to assess the limits of the proposed framework.
Development of an Android for Emotional Expression and Human Interaction (2008)

This paper presents the second version of an Android, EveR-2 developed in KITECH (Korea Institute of Industrial Technology). EveR-2 is a female robot which name derives from Biblical 'Eve' plus the letter 'R' for Robot. EveR-2 is a robot platform to implement and test emotional expressions and human interactions. She can express facial emotion and synchronize lip with voice. Also it can make gestures like human. She can sense visual and speech information from CCD cameras in her eyes and microphone. The head, upper body, and lower body which compose of total 59 DOFs(Degree Of Freedom) make behaviors, facial expressions, and lip sync. Software structure has the robot-oriented conversation using a dialogue database, and hardware structure is designed for embedding all motors and sensors into the human-scale space. EveR-2 can be applied to guidance service of an exhibition, oral narration of fairy tale, and singing, and conversation with humans.
High-efficiency fiber grating for producing multiple beams of uniform intensity (1984)

In this paper, we propose a high-efficiency diffraction grating called a fiber grating, which is composed of many optical fibers arrayed as a monolayer. When a laser beam is irradiated perpendicularly onto the grating, the device can emit several tens of beams with uniform intensities over a wide angle. Crossed fiber gratings can produce 2-D spot arrays. The application in multiple imaging is demonstrated.
High-Throughput Analysis of Molecular Orientation on Surfaces by NEXAFS Imaging of Curved Sample Arrays (2014)

Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy provides detailed information about the orientation and alignment of thin films. NEXAFS is a synchrotron-based technique-the availability of beam-time per user is typically limited to no more than a few weeks per year. The limited availability is currently a true barrier for using NEXAFS in combinatorial studies of molecular alignment. We have recently demonstrated how large area full field NEXAFS imaging allows users to pursue combinatorial studies of surface chemistry. Now we report an extension of this approach which allows the acquisition of orientation information from a single NEXAFS image. An array with 80 elements (samples), containing eight series of different surface modifications, was mounted on a curved substrate allowing the collection of NEXAFS spectra with a range of orientations with respect to the X-ray beam. Images collected from this array show how hyperspectral NEXAFS data collected from curved surfaces can be used for high-throughput molecular orientation analysis.
Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase and quinolinic acid Immunoreactivity in Alzheimer's disease hippocampus (2005)

The present immunohistochemical study provides evidence that the kynurenine pathway is up-regulated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain, leading to increases in the excitotoxin quinolinic acid (QUIN). We show that the regulatory enzyme of the pathway leading to QUIN synthesis, indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) is abundant in AD compared with controls. In AD hippocampus, both IDO- and QUIN-immunoreactivity (-IR) was detected in cortical microglia, astrocytes and neurones, with microglial and astrocytic expression of IDO and QUIN highest in the perimeter of senile plaques. QUIN-IR was present in granular deposits within the neuronal soma of AD cortex and was also seen uniformly labelling neurofibrillary tangles. Our data imply that QUIN may be involved in the complex and multifactorial cascade leading to neuro-degeneration in AD. These results may open a new therapeutic door for AD patients.