gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Theoretical and Experimental Study of a Novel H-Guide Transverse Slot Antenna (Short Papers) (1985)

Transverse slots in the "upper" plate of a dielectric-loaded parallel plane waveguide (H-guide) operating in the dominant mode (zero cutoff frequency) are proposed as slot antennas. A new theoretical approach to the analysis of a single-slot antenna is presented, leading to explicit expressions for the antenna input impedance and radiation efficiency. The computed values of the VSWR and radiation efficiency are in good agreement with laboratory measurements. The radiation efficiency of a single slot exceeds 10 percent in the 8-11-GHz frequency band, reaching a 50-percent theoretically predicted maximum at the slot resonance frequency, when the guide is terminated by a matched load. Experimental checks prove that the leakage, or parasitic, radiation power level is less than -40 dB relative to the measured radiated power.
Agrobacterium VirE2 protein mediates nuclear uptake of single-stranded DNA in plant cells. (1996)

Agrobacterium genetically transforms plant cells by transferring a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) copy of the transferred DNA (T-DNA) element, the T-strand, in a complex with Agrobacterium proteins VirD2, bound to the 5' end, and VirE2. VirE2 binds single-stranded nucleic acid cooperatively, fully coating the T-strand, and the protein localizes to the plant cell nucleus when transiently expressed. The coupling of ssDNA binding and nuclear localizing activities suggests that VirE2 alone could mediate nuclear localization of ssDNA. In this study, fluorescently labeled ssDNA accumulated in the plant cell nucleus specifically when microinjected as a complex with VirE2. Microinjected ssDNA alone remained cytoplasmic. Import of VirE2-ssDNA complex into the nucleus via a protein import pathway was supported by (i) the inhibition of VirE2-ssDNA complex import in the presence of wheat germ agglutinin or a nonhydrolyzable GTP analog, both known inhibitors of protein nuclear import, and (ii) the retardation of import when complexes were prepared from a VirE2 mutant impaired in ssDNA binding and nuclear import.
A Real-Time De-Noising Algorithm for E-Noses in a Wireless Sensor Network (2009)

A wireless e-nose network system is developed for the special purpose of monitoring odorant gases and accurately estimating odor strength in and around livestock farms. This system is to simultaneously acquire accurate odor strength values remotely at various locations, where each node is an e-nose that includes four metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors. A modified Kalman filtering technique is proposed for collecting raw data and de-noising based on the output noise characteristics of those gas sensors. The measurement noise variance is obtained in real time by data analysis using the proposed slip windows average method. The optimal system noise variance of the filter is obtained by using the experiments data. The Kalman filter theory on how to acquire MOS gas sensors data is discussed. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can adjust the Kalman filter parameters and significantly reduce the noise from the gas sensors.
Poly(hydroxy acids) in drug delivery. (1987)

Poly(hydroxy acids) so far have been examined for use in drug delivery in limited number, while the advantageous use of the polymers has been recognized due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. Homo- and copolymers of lactic acid and glycolic acid have been studied in drug delivery by many workers, while homo- and copolymers of epsilon-caprolactone have been studied by only one group of workers. Although poly-hydroxybutyric acid had been found to be a naturally occurring polymer, examination as to the use of the polymer in drug delivery is rather recent and reports are still limited. In the present article, the use of poly(hydroxy acids) including homo- and copolymers of lactic acid and glycolic acid, polycaprolactone, and poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid in drug delivery is reviewed. Physicochemical properties, biodegradability, and biocompatibility of the polymers, and evaluations in vitro and in vivo of specific dosage forms using the polymers, are included. The most recent work in our laboratories on the use of polyactic acid and poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid is also included.
Bandwidth-efficient wireless OFDM (2001)

Due to ever-increasing bandwidth demands in future wireless service, the radio frequency band becomes more and more invaluable. In this paper, we address channel equalization for bandwidth-efficient wireless orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM). First, we show that in order to be free of both interchannel interference and interblock interference, wireless OFDM has to occupy a bandwidth wider than the Nyquist rate and use insufficient statistics in symbol demodulation. Thus, the conventional OFDM gains computational efficiency using the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) in demodulation at the cost of low efficiency of bandwidth usage and degradation in symbol error performance. Then we consider the OFDM that achieves high efficiency of bandwidth usage, allows interchannel interference and interblock interference to exist, and uses sufficient statistics in symbol demodulation. A one-tap decision feedback equalizer (DFE) is proposed for equalization of the bandwidth efficient OFDM system. Simulation and numerical evaluation for an indoor wireless asynchronous transfer mode network are carried out. It is demonstrated that though occupying a narrower bandwidth, the one-tap DFE-based bandwidth-efficient OFDM system achieves lower symbol error rate and higher mutual information than the conventional DFT-based OFDM system. The proposed OFDM system presents a monotonically increasing symbol error rate, and convex-down achieved mutual information with respect to increasing efficiency of bandwidth usage.
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition markers expressed in circulating tumour cells of early and metastatic breast cancer patients (2011)

CTCs expressing Twist and vimentin, suggestive of EMT, are identified in patients with breast cancer. The high incidence of these cells in patients with metastatic disease compared to early stage breast cancer strongly supports the notion that EMT is involved in the metastatic potential of CTCs.
(Invited) Growth and Processing Techniques for Fabricating Ultra Broadband High-Power Low-Cross-Talk Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers (2006)

To achieve a broad gain spectrum one needs to combine materials with different effective bandgaps within one waveguide. To reduce WDM channel crosstalks two approaches have been proposed and demonstrated-using non-uniform current injection and long carrier lifetime SOA structures
Energy Efficient Software Matching in Vehicular Fog (2019)

Along with the development of Internet of Things (IoT) and the rise of fog computing, more new joint technologies have been proposed. Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANET) are one of the emergent technologies that come with a very promising role, where the spare processing capabilities of vehicles can be exploited. In this paper, we propose a fog architecture to provide services for end users based on a cluster of static vehicles in a parking lot referred to as a vehicular fog. The proposed vehicular fog architecture is connected to the central data center through an optical infrastructure. As the processing requests from users require specific software packages that may not be available in all vehicles, we study the software matching problem of task assignments in vehicular fog. The goal of this paper is to examine the effect of software packages variety in vehicles on the assignment decision and the overall power consumption. A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model was utilized to optimize the power consumption of the overall architecture, considering different numbers of software packages in the vehicular fog. The results reveal a power saving of up to 27% when vehicles are uploaded with four or more different software packages out of a library of ten software packages in this example.
Fast reconciliations in fluid replication (2002)

Mobile users can increasingly depend on high speed connectivity. Despite this, using distributed file services across the wide area is painful. Fast approaches sacrifice one or more of safety, visibility, and consistency in the name of performance. Instead, we propose fluid replication, the ability to create replicas where and when needed. These replicas, called WayStations, maintain consistency with home servers through periodic reconciliations. Two techniques make reconciliation fast; this is crucial to the success of fluid replication. First, we defer propagation of updates, and only invalidate files during a reconciliation. Second, rather than depend on operation logs, we provide the subtrees in which all updates have occurred. These subtrees, named by their least common ancestors, or LCAs, can be constructed incrementally, and reduce the burden of checking serializability during a reconciliation. While these techniques provide better performance, they are not without risk. Bulk invalidation can lead to false sharing, optimistic updates are subject to conflict, and deferred updates may cause performance problems if they are needed elsewhere. To address these concerns, we performed a trace-based evaluation of our algorithms.
Inferring Users’ Preferences from Crowdsourced Pairwise Comparisons: A Matrix Completion Approach (2013)

Inferring user preferences over a set of items is an important problem that has found numerous applications. This work focuses on the scenario where the explicit feature representation of items is unavailable, a setup that is similar to collaborative filtering. In order to learn a user's preferences from his/her response to only a small number of pairwise comparisons, we propose to leverage the pairwise comparisons made by many crowd users, a problem we refer to as crowdranking. The proposed crowdranking framework is based on the theory of matrix completion, and we present efficient algorithms for solving the related optimization problem. Our theoretical analysis shows that, on average, only O(r log m) pairwise queries are needed to accurately recover the ranking list of m items for the target user, where r is the rank of the unknown rating matrix, r << m. Our empirical study with two real-world benchmark datasets for collaborative filtering and one crowdranking dataset we collected via Amazon Mechanical Turk shows the promising performance of the proposed algorithm compared to the state-of-the-art approaches.
<p>S100 Calcium Binding Protein A11 (S100A11) Promotes The Proliferation, Migration And Invasion Of Cervical Cancer Cells, And Activates Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling</p> (2019)

Overexpression of S100A11 promotes the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of CC cells, and activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
A 77-GHz active millimeter-wave reflector for FMCW radar (2017)

An 18-mW active millimeter-wave reflector fabricated in 45-nm SOI CMOS technology exhibits a peak gain of 20 dB at 77 GHz, a 3-dB bandwidth of 5 GHz from 75.5 to 80.5 GHz, and a 50-Ω noise figure of 7.5-8.5 dB over the same frequency band. It consists of an LNA, a BPSK modulator and two variable gain output stages each driving a separate transmit antenna. The chip occupies 570μm×880μm and is flip-chip mounted on a 7mm×7mm flexible interposer with two transmit and one receive antenna.
NPen/sup ++/: a writer independent, large vocabulary on-line cursive handwriting recognition system (2002)

In this paper we describe the NPen/sup ++/ system for writer independent on-line handwriting recognition. This recognizer needs no training for a particular writer and can recognize any common writing style (cursive, hand-printed, or a mixture of both). The neural network architecture, which was originally proposed for continuous speech recognition tasks, and the preprocessing techniques of NPen/sup ++/ are designed to make heavy use of the dynamic writing information, i.e. the temporal sequence of data points recorded on an LCD tablet or digitizer. We present results for the writer independent recognition of isolated words. Tested on different dictionary sizes from 1,000 up to 100,000 words, recognition rates range from 98.0% for the 1,000 word dictionary to 91.4% on a 20,000 word dictionary and 82.9% for the 100,000 word dictionary. No language models are used to achieve these results.
Machine translation system combination using ITG-based alignments (2008)

Given several systems' automatic translations of the same sentence, we show how to combine them into a confusion network, whose various paths represent composite translations that could be considered in a subsequent rescoring step. We build our confusion networks using the method of Rosti et al. (2007), but, instead of forming alignments using the tercom script (Snover et al., 2006), we create alignments that minimize invWER (Leusch et al., 2003), a form of edit distance that permits properly nested block movements of substrings. Oracle experiments with Chinese newswire and weblog translations show that our confusion networks contain paths which are significantly better (in terms of BLEU and TER) than those in tercom-based confusion networks.
The effect of nanoclay on the crystallization behavior, microcellular structure, and mechanical properties of thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposite foams (2015)

The effects of nanoclay on the crystallization behavior, microcellular structure, and mechanical properties of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/clay nanocomposite (TPUCN) foams were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry, rheometry, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. It was found that the nanoclay acted as an effective nucleating agent for both crystal nucleation and cell nucleation. As a result, it significantly enhanced the crystallization behavior of the hard segment (HS) domains in TPU while refining the foamed structure of the microcellular injection molded parts. In particular, the average cell diameter of TPUCN foams decreased from 45 µm for neat TPU to 27 µm for TPUCN5 (5 wt% clay) and 18 µm for TPUCN10 (10 wt% clay). Furthermore, the cell density increased from 0.7 × 10 7 cell/cm 3 for neat TPU to 1.4 × 10 7 cell/cm 3 and 3.1 × 10 7 cell/cm 3 for TPUCN5 and TPUCN10, respectively. In addition, the tensile strength also increased by 56.3% and 89.2% with 5 and 10 wt% clay content, respectively. By controlling the cell nucleation behavior through uniformly dispersed nanoclay, this study demonstrates that it is feasible to produce TPUCN foams via microcellular injection molding with desirable microcellular structures and improved mechanical properties. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 56:319–327, 2016. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers
SAW tags: new ideas (2002)

In this paper some alternative approaches to SAW tag design and coding are discussed. The first idea is to use chevron-type electrode reflectors (as in RAC devices) for reflecting "taps". One of the advantages of the use of oblique reflectors is that there is no multiple reflection in such a system even if many reflectors are placed in the same acoustic channel. It is also important for the 2.5 GHz frequency range that the minimal size of electrode in oblique reflectors is roughly 1.4 larger than for normal reflectors. The small size of the device is another attractive feature. A further idea to be discussed is the possibility to code a tag device simply by the time positioning of the reflectors, which allows calibration problems to be avoided and simplifies the reading system since the phase of the pulses does not need to be measured. Measurements of propagation and reflection of SAW in the 2 GHz frequency range and tag prototype characteristics are presented.
The TALP systems for disambiguating WordNet glosses (2004)

This paper describes the TALP systems presented at Senseval-3 task 12 “Word-Sense Disambiguation of WordNet Glosses”. Our method combines a set of knowledge-based heuristics integrating several information sources and techniques. Using large scale lexico–semantic knowledge bases, such as WN, has become a usual, often necessary, practice for most current Natural Language Processing systems. Building appropriate resources of this nature for broad–coverage semantic processing is a hard and expensive task, involving large research groups during long periods of development. For example, dozens of person– years are been invested world–wide into the development of wordnets for various languages (Fellbaum, 1998), (Atserias et al., 1997), (Agirre et al., 2002), (Pianta et al., 2002). Dictionaries are special texts describing the meaning of a language. They provide a wide range of information of words by giving definitions of the word senses and as, a side effect, they supply knowledge about the world itself. WordNet (WN) (Fellbaum, 1998) can be also seen as an structured dictionary with thouthands of semantic relations, defining the most common concepts of the English language. Although the importance of (WN) has widely exceeded the purpose of its creation (Miller et al., 1990), and it has become an essential semantic resource for many applications, at the moment is not rich enough to directly support advanced semantic processing (Harabagiu et al., 1999). Sense disambiguation of definitions in any lexical resource is an important objective in the language engineering community because this process can increase the semantic conectivity among concepts. The first significant disambiguation of dictionary definitions took place 20 years ago (see (Rigau, 1998) for an extended survey on acquiring lexical knowledge from Machine Readable Dictionaries). Recently, several research groups have presented different approaches to perform this process on WN. In the eXtended WordNet1 (Mihalcea and Moldovan, 2001) the WN glosses have been syntactically parsed, transformed into logic forms and the content words are also semantically disambiguated. Being derived from an automatic process, disambiguated words included into the glosses have assigned a confidence label indicating the quality of the annotation (gold, silver or normal).
Effects of Sunflower Oil on Tomato Powdery Mildew Caused by <i>Oidium neolycopersici</i> (2003)

Abstract When tomato leaves were sprayed with 0.1% emulsified canola oil, corn oil, grape seed oil, peanut oil, safflower oil, soya bean oil or sunflower oil, the severity of powdery mildew caused by Oidium neolycopersici was greatly reduced. Among these edible oils tested, sunflower oil was the most effective in the control of powdery mildew. When sprayed with 0.5% sunflower oil, powdery mildew on tomato leaves was reduced to a negligible level. Sunflower oil applied to halves of upper leaf surface did not induce resistance against the pathogen in the non‐treated halves. When applied to halves of lower leaf surface, it also failed to reduce the severity of powdery mildew on the upper leaf surface right above the treated area indicating that control of the powdery mildew by sunflower oil did not result from activation of host defence mechanisms. Scanning electron microscopy showed that control of powdery mildew with sunflower oil resulted mainly from the inhibition of conidial germination and suppression of mycelial growth of the pathogen.
Impedance restrictions on independent finger grippers (1997)

The impedance matrices of independent point fingers of a multifingered gripper map to the impedance matrix of a grasped workpart. We find that in a planar geometry, three fingers are enough to allow an unrestricted range of workpart impedances, if finger impedances are selectable. In a spatial geometry however, five fingers are necessary for the broadest range of workpart impedances, and even so there is one impedance matrix that a workpart cannot attain regardless of the number of fingers that grasp it. We find this "unattainable" impedance matrix. We also characterize the impedance restrictions on workparts grasped with fewer than five spatial or three planar fingers.
Cognitive Apprenticeship (1988)

Abstract : Even today, many complex and important skills, such as those required for language use and social interaction, are learned informally through apprenticeshiplike methods -- i.e., methods involving not didactic teaching, but observation, coaching, and successive approximation while carrying out a variety of tasks and activities. The differences between formal schooling and apprenticeship methods are many, but for our purposes, one is most important. Perhaps as a by-product of the specialization of learning in schools, skills and knowledge taught in schools have become abstracted from their uses in the world. In apprenticeship learning, on the other hand, target skills are not only continually in use by skilled practitioners, but are instrumental to the accomplishment of meaningful tasks. Said differently, apprenticeship embeds the learning of skills and knowledge in the social and functional context of their use. This difference is not academic, but has serious implications for the nature of the knowledge that students acquire. This paper attempts to elucidate some of those implications through a proposal for the retooling of apprenticeship methods for the teaching and learning of cognitive skills. Specifically, we propose the development of a new cognitive apprenticeship to teach students the thinking and problem-solving skills involved in school subjects such as reading, writing and mathematics.
Effectiveness of Leakage Power Analysis Attacks on DPA-Resistant Logic Styles Under Process Variations (2013)

This paper extends the analysis of the effectiveness of Leakage Power Analysis (LPA) attacks to cryptographic VLSI circuits on which circuit level countermeasures against Differential Power Analysis (DPA) are adopted. Security metrics used for assessing the DPA-resistance of crypto core implementations, such as the minimum number to disclosure (MTD) and the asymptotic correlation coefficient, have been extended to the case of LPA. The LPA-resistance has been evaluated in terms of MTD as a function of the on chip noise. Noise variances up to 10000 times greater than the signal variance have been taken into account and LPA attacks have been successfully executed for all the logic styles under analysis using less than 100000 measurements. Moreover the role of process variations has been investigated through extensive Monte Carlo simulations in order to evaluate their impact on the leakage model for the logic styles under analysis. Results show that LPA attacks can be successfully carried out on the different anti-DPA logic styles even in presence of process variations. To the best of our knowledge, this work proves for the first time the effectiveness of LPA attacks in a real scenario where on chip noise and process variations are taken into account.