gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Downregulation of EphA5 by promoter methylation in human prostate cancer (2015)

Our study provides evidence that EphA5 is a potential target for epigenetic silencing in primary prostate cancer and is a potentially valuable prognosis predictor and thereapeutic marker for prostate cancer.
Analysis of Combustion Characteristics of Bio Diesel Fuel in a DI Diesel Engine Using PXI and LabVIEW (2004)

Recently many researchers have been studying the development of alternative energy due to serious environmental pollution and drying up fossil energy. Among various alternative fuels, authors investigated the physical and combustion characteristics of the bio diesel fuel(BDF) which was made from the wasted vegetable oil. In this study, PXI and LabVIEW, which is a novel measuring instrument and online analysis, was used to investigate the combustion characteristics of BDF in a DI diesel engine.
Angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene polymorphism influences chronic hypertensive response in the rat Goldblatt model (2002)

Genetically determined ACE expression in male rats enhances the chronic hypertensive response after the induction of renovascular hypertension. A relationship between circulating Ang II and the development of hypertension was also observed in this experimental model of genetically modulated hypertension.
Stage-specific Expression of Ankyrin and SOCS Box Protein-4 (Asb-4) during Spermatogenesis (2008)

Members of the large family of Asb proteins are ubiquitously expressed in mammalian tissues; however, the roles of individual Asb and their function in the developmental testes have not been reported. In this report, we isolated a murine Asb4 from mouse testis. Northern blot analysis revealed that mAsb-4 was expressed only in testes and produced in a stage-specific manner during spermatogenesis. It was expressed in murine testes beginning in the fourth week after birth and extending into adulthood. Pachytene spermatocytes had the highest level of expression. Interestingly, the human homologue of mAsb-4, ASB-4 (hASB-4) was also expressed in human testis. These results suggest that ASB-4 plays pivotal roles in mammalian testis development and spermatogenesis.
Infectious Complications following Breast Reconstruction with Expanders and Implants (2003)

The incidence of infection following breast reconstruction with expanders and implants ranges from 1 to 24 percent. Numerous factors associated with infection have been described; however, a one-variable at time setting and multifactorial analysis have not been performed. The purpose of this study was to analyze a set of factors that may predispose women to infection of the expander or implant. Between 1997 and 2000, a total of 168 implant reconstructions were performed in 130 women at a single institution. The mean age for all women was 48.2 years (range, 25 to 77 years). The factors that were analyzed included axillary lymph node dissection, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, tumor stage, timing of implant insertion, number of sides (unilateral versus bilateral), tobacco use, and presence or absence of diabetes mellitus. Statistical analysis was performed with stepwise logistic regression. Mean time to follow-up for all patients was 29 months (range, 12 to 47 months). Infectious complications occurred in 10 women (7.7 percent) and in 10 expanders or implants (5.9 percent). Infected implants were removed an average of 116 days following insertion (range, 14 to 333 days). Cultured bacteria included Staphylococcus aureus and Serratia marcescens. A significant association (p < 0.04) was detected between implant infection and radiation therapy. The chance for implant infection was 4.88 times greater for implants that were exposed to radiation therapy compared with those that were not. In addition, there was suggestive (p < 0.09) evidence that the chance of implant infection following lymph node dissection was 6.29 times higher than when no lymph nodes were removed. No significant association between implant infection and age, diabetes, tobacco use, tumor stage, timing of implant insertion, or chemotherapy was found.
Does photosynthetic acclimation to elevated CO<sub>2</sub> increase photosynthetic nitrogen‐use efficiency? A study of three native UK grassland species in open‐top chambers (1999)

1. The photosynthetic response to elevated CO 2 and nutrient stress was investigated in Agrostis capillaris, Lolium perenne and Trifolium repens grown in an open‐top chamber facility for 2 years under two nutrient regimes. Acclimation was evaluated by measuring the response of light‐saturated photosynthesis to changes in the substomatal CO 2 concentration. 2. Growth at elevated CO 2 resulted in reductions in apparent Rubisco activity in vivo in all three species, which were associated with reductions of total leaf nitrogen content on a unit area basis for A. capillaris and L. perenne . Despite this acclimation, photosynthesis was significantly higher at elevated CO 2 for T. repens and A. capillaris , the latter exhibiting the greatest increase of carbon uptake at the lowest nutrient supply. 3. The photosynthetic nitrogen‐use efficiency (the rate of carbon assimilation per unit leaf nitrogen) increased at elevated CO 2 , not purely owing to higher values of photosynthesis at elevated CO 2 , but also as a result of lower leaf nitrogen contents. 4. Contrary to most previous studies, this investigation indicates that elevated CO 2 can stimulate photosynthesis under a severely limited nutrient supply. Changes in photosynthetic nitrogen‐use efficiency may be a critical determinant of competition within low nutrient ecosystems and low input agricultural systems.
Application of Visualization Techniques for Construction Progress Monitoring (2007)

For a successful construction project, as-built progress should be constantly monitored and compared with the as-planned construction progress and real-time corrective actions should be taken in case of observed discrepancies. Current media representing these discrepancies (e.g. charts, graphs and still photos) may not facilitate the communication of progress information clearly and quickly which makes the process time-consuming and distracts decision makers from important task of corrective decision making. A series of conceptual visualization techniques (e.g. augmented reality, color and color gradient) have been recently developed to facilitate the communication of progress information and decision making on corrective actions. In this paper, several semi-automated vision-based approaches are applied to further improve and facilitate these processes. To that end, camera matching and registration of the as-planned model with as-built photograph, analyzing the progress status through a material-based detection technique and generation of an occlusion-free photograph are presented.
Laser-tissue interaction in tattoo removal by Q-switched lasers (2015)

Q-switched (QS) lasers are widely considered the gold standard for tattoo removal, with excellent clinical results, impressive predictability, and a good safety profile. The generation of giant pulses by the method of Q-switching is responsible for the unique laser-tissue interaction that is seen in tattoo removal by QS lasers. The QS lasers work by impaction and dissolution of the tattoo pigments. Mechanical fragmentation of the tattoo pigments encased in intracellular lamellated organelles followed by their phagocytosis by macrophages is thought to be the major event in the clearance of pigments by QS lasers. A few novel techniques have been tried in recent times to hasten the clearance of tattoo pigments.
Biosynthesis and Composition of Gram-Negative Bacterial Extracellular and Wall Polysaccharides (1985)

Human coronavirus (HCoV) infection causes respiratory diseases with mild to severe outcomes. In the last 15 years, we have witnessed the emergence of two zoonotic, highly pathogenic HCoVs: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and ...Read More
View-Based Web Page Retrieval using Interactive Sketch Query (2007)

We propose a novel view-based Web page retrieval system that enables a user to search Web pages using a visual query, namely the user's freehand sketch. We believe the proposed method will suit retrieval from a set of web pages such as a user's local browsing history. The system aims to help the user revisit a particular Web page without using query words. Using color signature features and Earth-Mover's distance, the system evaluates the similarity between web pages and the user's sketch drawn via the GUI of the system. In order to accelerate the interaction, the results of the similarity evaluations are shown immediately after the user draws each stroke of the sketch, with the results being interactively reordered. Experiments using our prototype system showed that users find their target pages after only a few strokes. Experimental results for inexperienced users showed that 71% of search tasks were completed within one minute, using the prototype system. The median time for the tasks was 40 seconds.
Design of a Binocular Pupil and Gaze Point Detection System Utilizing High Definition Images (2017)

This study proposes a novel binocular pupil and gaze detection system utilizing a remote full high definition (full HD) camera and employing LabVIEW. LabVIEW is inherently parallel and has fewer time-consuming algorithms. Many eye tracker applications are monocular and use low resolution cameras due to real-time image processing difficulties. We utilized the computer’s direct access memory channel for rapid data transmission and processed full HD images with LabVIEW. Full HD images make easier determinations of center coordinates/sizes of pupil and corneal reflection. We modified the camera so that the camera sensor passed only infrared (IR) images. Glints were taken as reference points for region of interest (ROI) area selection of the eye region in the face image. A morphologic filter was applied for erosion of noise, and a weighted average technique was used for center detection. To test system accuracy with 11 participants, we produced a visual stimulus set up to analyze each eye’s movement. Nonlinear mapping function was utilized for gaze estimation. Pupil size, pupil position, glint position and gaze point coordinates were obtained with free natural head movements in our system. This system also works at 2046 × 1086 resolution at 40 frames per second. It is assumed that 280 frames per second for 640 × 480 pixel images is the case. Experimental results show that the average gaze detection error for 11 participants was 0.76° for the left eye, 0.89° for right eye and 0.83° for the mean of two eyes.
Analysis of Indicators Related to Adult Disease in Middle-Aged Obese Women in Korea (2022)

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the differences in adult disease related indicators according to the presence or absence of obesity for a healthy life and prevention of the adult diseases for the middle aged women. Method: In this study, the raw data of the 8th 1st year of the 2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Exam-ination Survey (KNHANES 2019) was downloaded and reprocessed for use according to the purpose of study. A total of 8110 males and females participated in the 2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Sur-vey, of which 4381 females were extracted. From the data of 4381 women, 658 people in their 40s (ages 40-49) were extracted, of which 598 people were selected as the study subjects, excluding 26 underweight and 34 miss-ing people. For the statistical processing, the mean and standard deviation of all questions were calculated by using SPSS 27.0 package. In order to compare the differences among the adult disease related indicators for the women according to obesity, t-test was conducted to compare the differences for each measurement question according to the presence or absence of obesity. The statistical significance level was based on p<.05, respectively. Results: In terms of the differences in the blood lipids related variables according to obesity, TC, TG, and LDL-C turned out to be significantly higher in the obese group than in the normal group (TC; p<.01, TC; p<0.001, LDL-C; p<0.5). and HDL-C turned out to be significantly (p<.001) higher in the normal group than in the obese group. In terms of the hypertension related variables, the systolic and diastolic blood pressures turned out to be significantly higher in the obese group than in the normal group (systolic: p<.001, diastolic: p<.01), respectively. The diabetes related variables turned out to be significantly (p<.001) higher in the obese group than in the normal group in fasting blood sugar, glycated hemoglobin, and insulin concentration, respectively. Conclusion: Gathering the results above, it was evident that obesity among women in their 40s are more likely to contract adult diseases such as blood lipids, high blood pressure, and diabetes. In the future studies, it is con-sidered that additional analysis of age, gender and related variables are necessary.
27.3 Area-efficient 1GS/s 6b SAR ADC with charge-injection-cell-based DAC (2016)

To support growing data bandwidths, high-speed moderate-resolution ADCs have become vital for high-speed serial links. Interleaved SAR ADCs achieve high sampling speeds and good energy efficiency. However a challenge is that these ADCs are large and therefore suffer from interleaving artifacts related to size [1]. Compact, efficient SAR ADCs are needed to address this problem. As an alternative, multiple-bit-per-cycle SAR ADCs deliver high speed from a single SAR ADC, but at the cost of significant added complexity (i.e., extra quantizers and capacitor DACs) and die area [2,3]. This work addresses the need for a fast, compact SAR ADC, with a 1GS/s SAR ADC that has the best Walden FOM and the smallest area among 5-to-6.3b ADCs published in ISSCC (see Fig. 27.3.1).
Obstacles to High-Dimensional Particle Filtering (2008)

Abstract Particle filters are ensemble-based assimilation schemes that, unlike the ensemble Kalman filter, employ a fully nonlinear and non-Gaussian analysis step to compute the probability distribution function (pdf) of a system’s state conditioned on a set of observations. Evidence is provided that the ensemble size required for a successful particle filter scales exponentially with the problem size. For the simple example in which each component of the state vector is independent, Gaussian, and of unit variance and the observations are of each state component separately with independent, Gaussian errors, simulations indicate that the required ensemble size scales exponentially with the state dimension. In this example, the particle filter requires at least 1011 members when applied to a 200-dimensional state. Asymptotic results, following the work of Bengtsson, Bickel, and collaborators, are provided for two cases: one in which each prior state component is independent and identically distributed, and one in which both the prior pdf and the observation errors are Gaussian. The asymptotic theory reveals that, in both cases, the required ensemble size scales exponentially with the variance of the observation log likelihood rather than with the state dimension per se.
Highly sensitive and selective NO (2010)

Epitaxial graphene grown on SiC substrate is one of the most promising methods for achieving large area uniform graphene films. Our experimental results demonstrate graphene layers grown on both Si and C-faces of semi-insulating 6H-SiC can offer very high detection sensitivity, selectivity, and fast response time. Exposure to only 500 ppb NO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> reduced the conductivity by 2.25%, while 18 ppm caused a reduction of ~10%. In contrast, high concentration of commonly interfering gases, namely, CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> (20%), HζO (saturated vapor), NH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> (550 ppm), and pure O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> increased the conductivity by a maximum of only ~2%. Graphene on C-face of SiC resulted in somewhat lower sensitivity for the test gases, with the conductivity changing in opposite direction compared to Si-face for any particular gas. The conductance change due to molecular adsorption was compared to changes in surface work function (SWF) as well as the charge transfer between the adsorbed molecules and the graphene surface. Measurements conducted at higher temperature showed significantly larger change in conductivity and faster response time.
A Controlled Release System for Long-Acting Intravitreal Delivery of Small Molecules (2018)

With this technology, a potent small molecule with an appropriate therapeutic window should be administrable by intravitreal injections in the human at once-monthly intervals.
LIFESAVER, Modified Version of an Ambulance (2020)

LIFE SAVER’ is a modern iteration of a conventional ambulance with crucial medical equipment that can be vital to save the patient during a critical condition. This paper mainly focus on the exterior design of the conventional ambulance to use its more space for better treatment. The conventional ambulance has its basic exterior structure, in LIFESAVER ,the size and  shape of exterior part is use and remodified in such a way that interior part can use at maximum space. The use of GPS system and surveillance camera for the new ambulance for easy handling.Using power efficient led lighting systems which run on auxiliary power supply from a battery pack. In a country with 50% cases of loss of life during transit we need anything but a need of an efficient ambulance like the Life saver.
Improving Chinese text Chunkings precision using Transformation-based Learning (2006)

Based on text chunking using HMM, transformation-based learning is made use of to improve the precision of chunk tags further. The training data and the test data are from Penn treebank 4.0, and 13 text chunks are used. Rules are learned automatically according to the rule templates. The precision is improved 4.48%. The detailed analysis that affects the text chunking is given. Different threshold, different scale of training data, different learning equation and different rule templates can affect the precision of the text chunking.
The statistics of a practical seizure warning system (2008)

Statistical methods for evaluating seizure prediction algorithms are controversial and a primary barrier to realizing clinical applications. Experts agree that these algorithms must, at a minimum, perform better than chance, but the proper method for comparing to chance is in debate. We derive a statistical framework for this comparison, the expected performance of a chance predictor according to a predefined scoring rule, which is in turn used as the control in a hypothesis test. We verify the expected performance of chance prediction using Monte Carlo simulations that generate random, simulated seizure warnings of variable duration. We propose a new test metric, the difference between algorithm and chance sensitivities given a constraint on proportion of time spent in warning, and use a simple spectral power-based measure to demonstrate the utility of the metric in four patients undergoing intracranial EEG monitoring during evaluation for epilepsy surgery. The methods are broadly applicable to other scoring rules. We present them as an advance in the statistical evaluation of a practical seizure advisory system.
Isolation and characterization of the tobramycin biosynthetic gene cluster from<i>Streptomyces tenebrarius</i> (2003)

The biosynthetic gene cluster for tobramycin, a 2-deoxystreptamine-containing aminoglycoside antibiotic, was isolated from Streptomyces tenebrarius ATCC 17920. A genomic library of S. tenebrarius was constructed, and a cosmid, pST51, was isolated by the probes based on the core regions of 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose (DOI) synthase, and L-glutamine:DOI aminotransferase and L-glutamine:scyllo-inosose aminotransferase. Sequencing of 33.9 kb revealed 24 open reading frames (ORFs) including putative tobramycin biosynthetic genes. We demonstrated that one of these ORFs, tbmA, encodes DOI synthase by in vitro enzyme assay of the purified protein. The catalytic residues of TbmA and dehydroquinate synthase were studied by homology modeling. The gene cluster found is likely to be involved in the biosynthesis of tobramycin.
Microbial penetration of surgical gown materials. (1980)

In-use studies of microbial penetration of four surgical gowns were carried out. A laboratory test was developed which will dependably predict in-use performance. The test method, using trypticase soy broth containing 10(8)organisms per milliliter and placement of materials on blood agar, yielded results closely approximating findings in use. This method is recommended. It was shown that 140 thread count cloth fails to act as a microbial barrier and is, therefore, unacceptable as a surgical barrier material. Spunbonded olefin, Tyvek 1444A, was shown to be an effective barrier in use but had defects which reduced its barrier capabilities. Spunlaced wood pulp-polyester fabric, Fabric 450, and treated 270 plus pima cotton, Liquashield, were found to be effective barriers in both laboratory and in-use testing. Treated 270 plus pima cotton loses its ability to act as a barrier after 100 recyclings and must then be removed from use in the operating room. Cost factors were examined and found to be greatly in favor of the reusable fabric.
Synthesis of a well-defined glycoconjugate vaccine by a tyrosine-selective conjugation strategy (2013)

An anti-candidiasis glycoconjugate vaccine was prepared via a tyrosine-selective alkynylation and a click chemistry mediated glycoconjugation sequence. It features a well-defined glycan, protein carrier, and connectivity. The construct, although with significantly lower carbohydrate loading and a shorter β-(1,3) glucan chain than the well-established anti-candidiasis vaccine derived from the random conjugation of laminarin at lysines, elicited a comparable level of specific IgG antibodies.
pARnorama (2013)

Designing novel and meaningful interactions in the domain of Augmented Reality (AR) requires an efficient and appropriate methodology. A user centered design process requires the construction and evaluation of several prototypes with increasing technical fidelity. Although the main content of the application can already be conveyed with prerendered video, one of the main interactions in AR - the user-selected viewpoint - is only available in a very late stage. We propose the use of panoramic 360° video for scenario based user evaluation, where the user can select his point of view during playback. Initial users report a high degree of immersion in the constructed scenario, even for handheld AR.
Poolvertrag (1986)

Der Versicherungspool beruht gleichfalls auf dem Gedanken der Gegenseitigkeit. Doch unterscheidet er sich sowohl nach seinem Zweck wie nach seinen Organisationsformen grundsätzlich von den zweiseitigen Austauschverträgen.