gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Balanced SSFP transient imaging using variable flip angles for a predefined signal profile (2010)

Variable flip angles are used in steady-state free precession (SSFP) acquisitions (e.g., time-of-flight) but to a lesser extent than in spin echo acquisitions. In balanced steady-state free precession, imaging is often assumed to occur during the steady state, which has been well described in the literature. However, in many cases, imaging occurs during the transient stage, and the use of variable flip angles can improve signal and thus image quality. Here, we present the calculation of flip angles in transient balanced steady-state free precession to generate a predefined signal profile. The signal profile was iteratively optimized to maximize the integral of the signal versus time curve. The key contribution of this work is the formulation of the flip angle as a deterministic function of the preceding and desired magnetization. Catalyzation schemes, e.g., Kaiser-windowed ramp, can be combined with variable flip angles balanced steady-state free precession to reduce signal oscillations. A uniform signal profile was used as an example to demonstrate the variable flip angle algorithm. Accuracy of the algorithm and Bloch simulations were verified with MRI phantom acquisitions. Renal angiograms were acquired using an inflow-based balanced steady-state free precession MR angiography technique; improved small-vessel depiction was observed in volunteer examinations.
Characteristics of voxel prediction power in full-brain Granger causality analysis of fMRI data (2011)

Functional neuroimaging research is moving from the study of activations to the study of interactions among
brain regions. Granger causality analysis provides a powerful technique to model spatio-temporal interactions
among brain regions. We apply this technique to full-brain fMRI data without aggregating any voxel data into
regions of interest (ROIs). We circumvent the problem of dimensionality using sparse regression from machine
learning. On a simple finger-tapping experiment we found that (1) a small number of voxels in the brain have
very high prediction power, explaining the future time course of other voxels in the brain; (2) these voxels occur
in small sized clusters (of size 1-4 voxels) distributed throughout the brain; (3) albeit small, these clusters overlap
with most of the clusters identified with the non-temporal General Linear Model (GLM); and (4) the method
identifies clusters which, while not determined by the task and not detectable by GLM, still influence brain
activity.
Signal Readout Using Small Near-Field Optical Head with Horizontal Light Introduction Through Optical Fiber (2003)

We have developed a small near-field optical head for high-recording-density data storage applications, to overcome the disadvantage of conventional near-field optical heads, such as large light introduction, low optical throughput, and difficulty in controlling the aperture-medium distance. The optical head structure has miniaturized light introduction using an optical fiber placed horizontally. To decrease the optical loss, an integrated microlens focuses on the aperture tip that has a shortened cut-off region. The fabricated optical head (3.2×3.6×0.9 mm3) with a φ200 nm aperture of the same height as the sliders shows a clear readout signal of a 200-nm-wide line and space pattern at a speed of 5.2 MHz. We show that the optical head has the ability to read 4 times the recording density by simulations of the finite difference time domain (FDTD).
Securing virtual execution environments through machine learning-based intrusion detection (2015)

Virtualization has gained tremendous traction as the go-to computing technology due to many advantages it offers such as server consolidation, increased reliability and availability, and enhanced security through isolation of virtual machines. Within a virtual machine itself, securing workloads against cyber attacks becomes an increasingly critical task. In this paper, we present the application of machine learning and anomaly detection to automatically detect malicious attacks on typical server workloads running on virtual machines. An integral aspect of the work is finding the right set of features that can be used to distinguish normal from malicious activity.
Use of autoantigen-knockout mice in developing an active autoimmune disease model for pemphigus (2000)

The development of experimental models of active autoimmune diseases can be difficult due to tolerance of autoantigens, but knockout mice, which fail to acquire tolerance to the defective gene product, provide a useful tool for this purpose. Using knockout mice lacking desmoglein 3 (Dsg3), the target antigen of pemphigus vulgaris (PV), we have generated an active disease model for this autoantibody-mediated disease. Dsg3(-/-) mice, but not Dsg3(+/-) littermates, produced anti-Dsg3 IgG that binds native Dsg3, when immunized with recombinant mouse Dsg3. Splenocytes from the immunized Dsg3(-/-) mice were then adoptively transferred into Rag-2(-/-) immunodeficient mice expressing Dsg3. Anti-Dsg3 IgG was stably produced in the recipient mice for more than 6 months without further boosting. This IgG bound to Dsg3 in vivo and disrupted the cell-cell adhesion of keratinocytes. Consequently, the recipient mice developed erosions in their oral mucous membranes with typical histologic findings of PV. In addition, the recipient mice showed telogen hair loss, as found in Dsg3(-/-) mice. Collectively, the recipient mice developed the phenotype of PV due to the pathogenic anti-Dsg3 IgG. This model will be valuable for developing novel therapeutic strategies. Furthermore, our approach can be applied broadly for the development of various autoimmune disease models.
<title>Evolution of a new series of self-contained micromechanical ventilators for prehospital use</title> (2002)

Immediate medical care can dramatically reduce the number of fatalities sustained during military operations. However, the shift from large-scale regional conflicts to smaller peacekeeping and humanitarian missions has reduced the military medical support infrastructure. In the civilian emergency medical services arena, there has long been an emphasis on the golden hour during which a patient must receive definitive medical attention. Without on-scene medical support, injured soldiers must be transported significant distances before receiving definitive medical care, and rapid transport to a medical facility is not always a viable option. We reported here three years ago on the development of an early prototype portable ventilator with basic functionality. Since that time, four new prototypes with varying capabilities and sizes have been developed. Each of these fits a particular role in military or civilian use. The design goals and tradeoffs for each unit will be discussed, as well as the design implementation used to achieve those goals.
Resynthesis and retiming for optimum partial scan (1994)

Article Free Access Share on Resynthesis and retiming for optimum partial scan Authors: Srimat T. Chakradhar C&C Research Laboratories, NEC, 4 Independence Way, Princeton, NJ C&C Research Laboratories, NEC, 4 Independence Way, Princeton, NJView Profile , Sujit Dey C&C Research Laboratories, NEC, 4 Independence Way, Princeton, NJ C&C Research Laboratories, NEC, 4 Independence Way, Princeton, NJView Profile Authors Info & Claims DAC '94: Proceedings of the 31st annual Design Automation ConferenceJune 1994 Pages 87–93https://doi.org/10.1145/196244.196288Published:06 June 1994Publication History 36citation145DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations36Total Downloads145Last 12 Months6Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
A modular electrochemical sensor for saccharides (2002)

A modular electrochemical saccharide sensor using ferrocene has been prepared which contains two boronic acid receptor groups and hexamethylene linker.
Practical techniques for the design, specification, verification, and implementation of concurrent systems (2000)

No abstract available.
Densified refuse derived fuel as a power source (1986)

This project is aimed at producing environmentally acceptable, chemically/biologically stable, and storable densified- Refuse Derived Fuel (d-RDF) pellets which are similar to lignite coal. To accomplish this, a suitable binder (s) must be used. Over 100 binders were investigated by a laboratory screening procedure. Six binding materials were selected for pilot plant/commercial scale studies. Approximately seven tons of RDF from Ames, Iowa and Refcom, Pompano Beach, Florida were pelletized in the summer-1985 in a series of experiments at the Jacksonville, Florida Naval Air Station using these binders. The pelletized d-RDF was then subjected to a battery of chemical and physical tests. Results to date are discussed.
A practical algorithm for balancing the max-min fairness and throughput objectives in traffic engineering (2012)

One of the goals of traffic engineering is to achieve a flexible trade-off between fairness and throughput so that users are satisfied with their bandwidth allocation and the network operator is satisfied with the utilization of network resources. In this paper, we propose a novel way to balance the throughput and fairness objectives with linear programming. It allows the network operator to precisely control the trade-off by bounding the fairness degradation for each commodity compared to the max-min fair solution or the throughput degradation compared to the optimal throughput. We also present improvements to a previous algorithm that achieves max-min fairness by solving a series of linear programs. We significantly reduce the number of steps needed when the access rate of commodities is limited. We extend the algorithm to two important practical use cases: importance weights and piece-wise linear utility functions for commodities. Our experiments on synthetic and real networks show that our algorithms achieve a significant speedup and provide practical insights on the trade-off between fairness and throughput.
Pyrazine-derived disulfide-reducing agent for chemical biology (2014)

For fifty years, dithiothreitol (DTT) has been the preferred reagent for the reduction of disulfide bonds in proteins and other biomolecules. Herein we report on the synthesis and characterization of 2,3-bis(mercaptomethyl)pyrazine (BMMP), a readily accessible disulfide-reducing agent with reactivity under biological conditions that is markedly superior to DTT and other known reagents.
Tumor Suppressor Role of Notch-1 Signaling in Neuroendocrine Tumors (2007)

A growing body of literature is demonstrating that Notch signaling is a more complex process than originally thought. Contradictory findings of notch-1 acting as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor revealed that its role is very specific to the cellular context. In this review we focus on the tumor suppressor role of Notch-1 signaling in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) such as carcinoid and medullary thyroid cancers. NETs secrete various bioactive hormones that can cause debilitating symptoms. Surgery is the only potential curative treatment for the patients with NETs. Notch-1 signaling is absent in these tumors and activation of Notch-1 significantly reduces tumor growth in vitro. Therefore, identification of compound(s) that activate the Notch-1 pathway in NETs could be a potential strategy to treat patients with NETs.
Nouveaux rôles physiopathologiques pour le récepteur PLA2R1 dans le cancer et la glomérulonéphrite extramembraneuse (2014)

PLA2R1 is a large transmembrane receptor of 180-kDa that belongs to the superfamily of C-type lectins. It was discovered because of its high affinity for secreted phospholipases A2 (sPLA2), enzymes that play a key role in lipid mediator synthesis. Early PLA2R1 physiological roles include the clearance of sPLA2 from the extracellular medium and/or promotion of their actions. Over the last four years, two independent studies suggested that PLA2R1 plays a role in cancer as a tumor gene suppressor and is the major target antigen of auto-immune antibodies involved in idiopathic membranous nephropathy, a severe human kidney disease. These novel findings shed light on PLA2R1 and pave the way for its use as a reliable biomarker and an attractive therapeutic target in these diseases.
Lignin-Derived Polyols, Polyisocyanates, and Polyurethanes (1981)

Lignin. Lignin is a natural polymer of plants which is exceeded in abundance only by cellulose. Plants gain the ability of lignifying when they acquire the need for developing "woody tissues." This need may be triggered by the requirement for mechanical support (reinforcing fibers by binding them together with a glue-like substance, lignin); the requirement for a sealed water-conducting system; or the requirement for an improved natural decay resistance. In response to such requirements, lignin is deposited as a polyphenolic, three-dimensionally cross linked network polymer by maturing plants. Lignin contents range from 20 to 30% by weight of plant materials, or between 30 and 45% by enthalpy (1,2). In the common process of making paper by chemical means, lignin is separated from mostly cellulosic fibers by dissolution processes which often involve structural modification and macromolecular breakdown (1). Pulp and paper mills generate approximately 24 million tons of dissolved lignin annually
Simple Analytical Model of On Operation of Amorphous In–Ga–Zn–O Thin-Film Transistors (2011)

The on operation of an amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O thin-film transistor (a-IGZO TFT) was studied employing a gated-four-probe (GFP) structure TFT to build a simple analytical model based on bias-dependent field-effect mobility (μ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">FE</sub> ). The electrical characteristics of the a-IGZO GFP TFT revealed that the contact resistances were negligible compared with the channel resistance. The bias-dependent μ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">FE</sub> was derived from the transfer characteristics at low drain voltages ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">VD</i> ) , and approximately represented by a power function of the bias voltage, like that for hydrogenated amorphous Si (a-Si:H) TFTs. The mobility model reproduced both the current-voltage characteristics and the potential distribution in the channel, including the high <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">VD</i> region. Si TFTs exhibit non-negligible variation of drain current ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ID</i> ) in the saturation region and their models require extra parameters to describe it. In contrast, the a-IGZO TFTs exhibit flat <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ID</i> - <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">VD</i> characteristics in the saturation region, and their model does not require an extra parameter. Due to these features, the model of the a-IGZO TFTs is simpler than those of a-Si:H TFTs. The temperature dependence of the TFT characteristics indicated that the bias dependence of μ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">FE</sub> cannot be explained just by the exponential subgap traps. The dependence should be understood by introducing the carrier-density dependent mobility of a-IGZO films.
<i>N</i>-Substituted Adenosines as Novel Neuroprotective A<sub>1</sub> Agonists with Diminished Hypotensive Effects (1999)

The synthesis and pharmacological profile of a series of neuroprotective adenosine agonists are described. Novel A(1) agonists with potent central nervous system effects and diminished influence on the cardiovascular system are reported and compared to selected reference adenosine agonists. The novel compounds featured are derived structurally from two key lead structures: 2-chloro-N-(1-phenoxy-2-propyl)adenosine (NNC 21-0041, 9) and 2-chloro-N-(1-piperidinyl)adenosine (NNC 90-1515, 4). The agonists are characterized in terms of their in vitro profiles, both binding and functional, and in vivo activity in relevant animal models. Neuroprotective properties assessed after postischemic dosing in a Mongolian gerbil severe temporary forebrain ischemia paradigm, using hippocampal CA1 damage endpoints, and the efficacy of these agonists in an A(1) functional assay show similarities to some reference adenosine agonists. However, the new compounds we describe exhibit diminished cardiovascular effects in both anesthetized and awake rats when compared to reference A(1) agonists such as (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA, 5), N-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA, 2), 4, N-[(1S,trans)-2-hydroxycyclopentyl]adenosine (GR 79236, 26), N-cyclohexyl-2'-O-methyladenosine (SDZ WAG 994, 27), and N-[(2-methylphenyl)methyl]adenosine (Metrifudil, 28). In mouse permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion focal ischemia, 2-chloro-N-[(R)-[(2-benzothiazolyl)thio]-2-propyl]adenosine (NNC 21-0136, 12) exhibited significant neuroprotection at the remarkably low total intraperitoneal dose of 0.1 mg/kg, a dose at which no cardiovascular effects are observed in conscious rats. The novel agonists described inhibit 6, 7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate-induced seizures, and in mouse locomotor activity higher doses are required to reach ED(50) values than for reference A(1) agonists. We conclude that two of the novel adenosine derivatives revealed herein, 12 and 5'-deoxy-5'-chloro-N-[4-(phenylthio)-1-piperidinyl]adenosine (NNC 21-0147, 13), representatives of a new series of P(1) ligands, reinforce the fact that novel selective adenosine A(1) agonists have potential in the treatment of cerebral ischemia in humans.
Cloning of a novel cryIC-type gene from a strain of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. galleriae (1993)

A novel cryIC-type gene was isolated from a strain of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. galleriae. A new polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique with a set of several oligonucleotide primer pairs specific to the cryIC gene was used to screen a number of B. thuringiensis strains. PCR amplified several DNA fragments ranging from 100 bp to 1 kb for B. thuringiensis strains containing a cryIC gene. PCR fragments amplified from the Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. galleriae HD29 DNA differed from the fragments amplified from other cryIC-containing strains, indicating strain HD29 contained a novel cryIC-type gene. To isolate crystal genes homologous to cryIC, an HD29 gene library was probed with a 984-bp fragment of the amino-terminal coding region of the cryIC gene cloned from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai HD229. A putative toxin gene was isolated from a phage that hybridized strongly to the cryIC probe. Translation of the putative toxin DNA sequence revealed an open reading frame of 1,176 amino acids whose predicted molecular mass was 132.8 kDa. Comparisons of the toxin gene sequence with sequences of other cry genes indicated that this gene is a subclass of cryIC. We propose to designate this gene cryIC(b). In Escherichia coli, the cryIC(b) gene produced a protein of approximately 130 kDa toxic to Spodoptera exigua and Trichoplusia ni.
Improving network service quality with explicit TCP window control (2001)

Abstract We describe in this paper a new TCP rate control scheme based on a simple recursive algorithm. The idea behind the algorithm is to match the offered network load to the available resources by modifying at an intermediate network element, the receiver's advertised window in TCP acknowledgments returning to the source. We show through simulations that the scheme can efficiently control TCP traffic to limit queue buildups and buffer requirements at the network nodes, resulting in significant improvements in delay, packet loss rates, fairness, throughput and link utilization. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Methane Oxidation over Noble Metal Catalysts as Related to Controlling Natural Gas Vehicle Exhaust Emissions (1992)

Natural gas has considerable potential as an alternative automotive fuel. Methane, the principal hydrocarbon species in natural-gas engine exhaust, has extremely low photochemical reactivity but is a powerful greenhouse gas. Therefore, exhaust emissions of unburned methane from natural-gas vehicles are of particular concern. This laboratory reactor study evaluates noble metal catalysts for their potential in the catalytic removal of methane from natural-gas vehicle exhaust. Temperature run-up experiments show that the methane oxidation activity decreases in the order Pd/Al2O3 > Rh/Al2O3 > Pt/Al2O3. Also, for all the noble metal catalysts studied, methane conversion can be maximized by controlling the O2 concentration of the feedstream at a point somewhat rich (reducing) of stoichiometry.
Optical Waveform Synthesis and Its Applications (2023)

Abstract The quest for ever‐shorter optical pulses has been ongoing for over half a century. Although few‐cycle pulses have been generated for nearly 40 years, pulse lengths below the single‐cycle limit have remained an elusive goal for a long time. For this purpose, optical waveform synthesizers, generating high‐energy, high‐average‐power pulses via coherent combination of multiple pulses covering different spectral regions, have been recently developed. They allow unprecedented control over the generated optical waveforms, spanning an extremely broad spectral range from ultraviolet to infrared. Such control allows for steering strong‐field interactions with increased degrees of freedom. When driving high‐harmonic generation, tailored waveforms can produce bright attosecond pulse trains and even isolated attosecond pulses with tunable spectra up to the soft X‐ray range. In this paper recent progress on parametric and hollow‐core fiber waveform synthesizers is discussed. Newly developed seeding schemes; absolute, relative, and spectral phase measurement; and control techniques suitable for synthesizers are described. The progress on serial and parallel waveform synthesis based on Ti:sapphire and Ytterbium laser systems and their latest applications in high‐harmonic generation in gaseous and solid media, attosecond science, and laser wakefield acceleration is discussed.
Meat Tenderness Evaluation by X-Ray Image Analysis (2008)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Chris Kröger, Carrick Devine, C. Murray Bartle, John G. West; Meat Tenderness Evaluation by X‐Ray Image Analysis. AIP Conf. Proc. 6 November 2008; 1060 (1): 51–54. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3037111 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search