gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IL-12 Instructs Skin Homing of Human Th2 Cells (2006)

Distinct pattern of homing receptors determines the tissue preference for T cells to exert their effector functions. This homing competence is mostly determined early during T cell activation of naive T cells. In contrast, mechanisms governing the acquisition of particular homing receptors by T cells of the memory phenotype remain enigmatic. Th2 cell-mediated allergic diseases tend to flare during infections despite that these infections prime APCs to produce the prototypic Th1 cell-differentiating cytokine IL-12. In this study, we investigate the effect of IL-12 on the regulation of cutaneous lymphocyte Ag (CLA) on differentiated Th2 cells and consequences of this expression for allergic inflammation. Upon activation with IL-12, CLA- Th2 cells rapidly up-regulated IL-12Rbeta2 chain, alpha(1-3)-fucosyltransferase VII, and CLA molecules. IL-12-mediated CLA expression on Th2 cells was functional because it mediated rolling of these Th2 cells on E-selectin in vitro and migration into human skin grafts in SCID mice. CLA induction occurred immediately after exposure to IL-12 and was independent of IFN-gamma expression. In accordance, the transcription factor mediating IFN-gamma expression, T-bet, does not directly affect CLA expression. However, CLA expression was further enhanced after IL-12 treatment of T-bet+ -transfected Th2 cells in agreement with an increased IL-12 responsiveness of these cells caused by T-bet. The finding that IL-12 conferred skin-homing potential to already differentiated Th2 cells before inducing a switch in their cytokine production profile may explain the observed exacerbation of allergic skin diseases following bacterial infections.
RegnANN: Reverse Engineering Gene Networks Using Artificial Neural Networks (2011)

RegnANN is a novel method for reverse engineering gene networks based on an ensemble of multilayer perceptrons. The algorithm builds a regressor for each gene in the network, estimating its neighborhood independently. The overall network is obtained by joining all the neighborhoods. RegnANN makes no assumptions about the nature of the relationships between the variables, potentially capturing high-order and non linear dependencies between expression patterns. The evaluation focuses on synthetic data mimicking plausible submodules of larger networks and on biological data consisting of submodules of Escherichia coli. We consider Barabasi and Erdös-Rényi topologies together with two methods for data generation. We verify the effect of factors such as network size and amount of data to the accuracy of the inference algorithm. The accuracy scores obtained with RegnANN is methodically compared with the performance of three reference algorithms: ARACNE, CLR and KELLER. Our evaluation indicates that RegnANN compares favorably with the inference methods tested. The robustness of RegnANN, its ability to discover second order correlations and the agreement between results obtained with this new methods on both synthetic and biological data are promising and they stimulate its application to a wider range of problems.
Analyze and detect malicious code for compound document binary storage format (2011)

Comparing traditional malicious attack, embedding malicious codes into documents is becoming a more efficient and hidden way. The attackers embed the malicious codes into a document based on the document storage format so that they activate secretively when the document is opened by third-party software. With a simple action of double click the document, it could bring a nightmare to the user. Through researching and analyzing the structure of compound file, we mainly focus on the Word documents, and try to find out a method to detect them. We have used the bloom filter as well as the entropy rate of Markov chain and reached a high accuracy. Detect embedded malicious codes by analyzing the embedded codes themselves, because they are machine instructions which must can execute by CPU. A basic assumption is that the machine instructions in the document are different from the normal text, pictures, tables, etc. The basic direction of detection is to find the different areas in the document. Thus, we use the entropy rate as a measure to quantify this distinction.
Molecular cloning of an activated human oncogene, homologous to v-raf, from primary stomach cancer. (1985)

Transfection with high molecular weight DNA from a primary stomach cancer induced foci of transformed NIH 3T3 cells, and the transformed cells were tumorigenic in nude mice. By screening with a human Alu-family probe, we isolated the human DNA sequence from the secondary transformant cells. This transforming sequence encompasses about 60 kilobase pairs and is unrelated to known human transforming genes. Examination of homologies between this sequence and retroviral oncogenes revealed that the human transforming sequence is closely related to the v-raf oncogene of murine transforming retrovirus 3611-MSV.
Magnetic mesoporous silica-based core/shell nanoparticles for biomedical applications (2013)

Core–shell mesoporous silica nanomaterials which contain embedded magnetic nanoparticles have been known only for the past six-seven years but these materials have shown a vast potential for construction of complex nanodevices, which may be applied to perform even several functions in biological systems at the same time. This review article is summarizing research efforts on development of magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles and their utilization as building blocks for construction of nanodevices applicable in diagnostics, hyperthermia treatment and stimuli-responsive, targeted, drug delivery.
A prospective time-course study on serological testing for human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus with blood samples taken up to 48 h after death (2011)

The transmission of viral and non-viral infectious pathogens continues to be the most serious of the potential adverse effects of allogenic tissue transplantations. EU Directive 2006/17/EC stipulates that cadaveric blood specimens for serology testing in the context of post-mortem tissue donation must be taken not later than 24 h post-mortem. An expanded time slot would significantly improve the availability of tissue donations, but there are no significant data on the stability of infectious serology assays for anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HBC core antigen (HBc) in samples collected more than 24 h post-mortem. In this prospective study, serum samples of 30 deceased persons were taken upon admission to the Institute of Forensic Medicine (University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany) and at 12, 24, 36 and 48 h post-mortem. All samples were measured twice, first using the Abbott AxSYM system, and then after ~9 months of storage at -70 °C using the BEP III System with Siemens and Ortho reagents. For HIV, six deceased persons with a pre-mortem HIV history were included. All samples (at committal and at 12, 24, 36, 48 h) were reactive. Indeterminate or false-negative results did not occur. For HCV, 17 deceased persons with a pre-mortem HCV history were included; 16 samples were reactive up to 48 h and one was reactive at 36 h post-mortem (48 h sample was not available). Indeterminate or false-negative results did not occur. For HBV, nine deceased persons were included: five samples were initially positive for HBsAg and remained positive up to 48 h, and eight of the samples were reactive for anti-HBc up to 48 h and one up to 36 h post-mortem (48 h sample was not available). Indeterminate or false-negative results did not occur. These data suggest that infectious serological testing may be extended for blood samples of potential tissue donors collected up to 48 h post-mortem to detect antibodies or antigens for HIV, HBV and HCV.
THE NEAREST HIGH-VELOCITY STARS REVEALED BY LAMOST DATA RELEASE 1 (2014)

We report the discovery of 28 candidate high-velocity stars (HVSs) at heliocentric distances of less than 3 kpc, based on the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) Data Release 1. Our sample of HVS candidates covers a much broader color range than the equivalent ranges discussed in previous studies and comprises the first and largest sample of HVSs in the solar neighborhood. The sufficiently accurate observed and derived parameters for all candidates allow us to ascertain their nature as genuine HVSs, while a subset of 12 objects represents the most promising candidates. Our results also highlight the great potential of discovering statistically large numbers of HVSs of different spectral types in LAMOST survey data. This will ultimately enable us to achieve a better understanding of the nature of Galactic HVSs and their ejection mechanisms, and to constrain the structure of the Galaxy.
Bromine- and Iodine-Substituted 16α,17α-Dioxolane Progestins for Breast Tumor Imaging and Radiotherapy:  Synthesis and Receptor Binding Affinity (2006)

Progesterone receptors (PRs) are present in many breast tumors, and their levels are increased by certain endocrine therapies. We describe the synthesis and PR binding affinities of a series of bromine- and iodine-substituted 16alpha,17alpha-dioxolane progestins, some of which, when appropriately radiolabeled, are potential agents for diagnostic imaging of PR-positive breast tumors using positron emission tomography (PET) and for radiotherapy. These compounds were synthesized from halogenated furanyl, phenyl, and thiophenyl aldehydes and a progestin 16alpha,17alpha,21-triol (5) in the presence of HClO4 or Sc(OTf)3 in high yields under optimized conditions. A new reagent, perfluoro-1-butanesulfonyl fluoride (PBSF), was used to convert the C-21 OH to F in high yields. The relative binding affinities (RBAs) of the most promising compounds for the PR (RBA of R5020 = 100) were 16alpha,17alpha-[(R)-1'-alpha-(5-bromofurylmethylidene)dioxyl]-21-hydroxy-19-norpregn-4-ene-3,20-dione (endo-6; RBA = 65 and moderate lipophilicity), 21-fluoro-16alpha,17alpha-[(R)-1'-alpha-(5-iodofurylmethylidene)dioxyl]-19-norpregn-4-ene-3,20-dione (endo-14; RBA = 40) and 21-fluoro-16alpha,17alpha-[(S)-1'-beta-(4-iodophenylmethylidene)dioxyl]-19-norpregn-4-ene-3,20-dione (exo-16; RBA = 34).
Clay Mineral Type and Organic Compound Sorption by Hexadecyltrimethlyammonium‐Exchanged Clays (1991)

Abstract In order to relate mineralogy to sorbent efficiency, organo‐clays were prepared from reference vermiculite, illite, smectite, and kaolinite clay minerals using the organic cation hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA). Adsorption isotherms using 14 C‐HDTMA indicated stoichiometric adsorption of HDTMA up to the cation‐exchange capacity (CEC). Organo‐clays were prepared by adding HDTMA equivalent to the CEC and were evaluated as sorbents for nonionic organic compounds (NOCs) dissolved in water. X‐ray diffraction analysis of the HDTMA clays revealed basal spacings of 28 Å for the vermiculite and 23, 20, and 18 Å for the high‐charge, intermediate‐charge, and low‐charge smectites, respectively. The HDTMA vermiculite, illite, and smectites were all highly effective sorbents for NOCs, whereas Mg smectite was ineffective. The sorption isotherms of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, butylbenzene, t ‐butylbenzene, naphthalene, and biphenyl on the HDTMA clays indicated that sorption occurred by partition interactions with the HDTMA‐derived organic phase. In general, both the greater HDTMA content and the larger basal spacings of high‐charge HDTMA clays increased NOC sorption. Mineral‐charge effects on the sorption of unsubstituted aromatic compounds (benzene, naphthalene, and biphenyl) were less evident than for alkyl‐benzenes. Greater sorption of the alkylbenzenes by high‐charge HDTMA clays can be attributed to the capability of the large basal spacings to accommodate larger solute molecules. The formation of organic cation exchanged soil clays derived from vermiculite, illite, or smectite may greatly improve the ability of soils to immobilize organic contaminants.
Calibration procedures for charge-coupled device x-ray detectors (1999)

Calibration procedures are described for use with electronic x-ray detectors, with an emphasis on detectors based on fiber-optically coupled charge-coupled devices. Methods are detailed for removing spurious events, pixel pedestals, dark-current, spatial distortion, and intensity response variations for both small-angle and wide-angle applications. The accuracy of the calibration procedures is discussed.
Industrial Clean Rooms: Architectural Engineering Considerations (1995)

Industry has demonstrated the essential role of “controlled environments” in meeting stringent cleanliness requirements and indoor environmental conditions for production and product storage. This paper reports on the fundamentals of industry-based clean-room layout design and delineates major architectural and structural concerns related to clean rooms. Several industries are highlighted with aspects of each industrial use explored in relation to the diverse requirements of a range of potential users. The resulting array of clean-room performance requirements is then reduced to key concepts that range from preventing particle entry to prohibiting particulate generation at the source. Since air is the most important element of consideration in establishing contamination control measures in clean-room environments, considerable attention is given to the concept of laminar airflow and the different ways this concept can be integrated. Comparisons of various layouts, such as, tunnel, open bay, and minienvironment are performed. Structural and lighting parameters of concern are also highlighted. Finally, proper construction and finishing materials for clean-room boundary surfaces are identified by desired performance qualities with example materials listed.
Tele-Critical Care (2022)

Paulson, Shirley DNP, MPA, RN, NEA-BC; Dover, Jeffrey MSN, RN, CCRN, CNL; Shipley, Samantha MHA; Scruth, Elizabeth Ann PhD, MPH, CNS, CCRN-K, FCCM, FCNS, CPHQ Author Information
Three-Dimensional Computed Tomographic Study on the Periorbital Branches of the Ophthalmic Artery: Arterial Variations and Clinical Relevance (2018)

Postmortem 3D CT can map periorbital arterial variations. The branching pattern of the ophthalmic artery, the ophthalmic angiosome in the forehead, and the distribution of the lateral orbit and malar plexus were identified at high resolution to guide clinical practice.
Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV), a candidate tumor suppressor gene in melanomas is silenced by promoter methylation (2007)

Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV), a serine protease is expressed by normal melanocytes but not by melanomas, the malignant counterpart. DPPIV is encoded by a gene that contains a 5 CpG island spanning a transcriptional regulatory region. Previously we have demonstrated that DPPIV abrogates growth factor independence and functions as a tumor suppressor gene in melanomas. In this study we show that loss of DPPIV occurs at RNA level and demethylating agent, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-AZA-Cdr) treatment of DPPIV negative melanoma cell lines results in increase of DPPIV mRNA, protein, and enzyme activities. By using sodium bisulfite genomic DNA modifications, PCR, and sequencing we confirmed that DPPIV gene promoter is methylated in eight out of ten melanoma cell lines tested. Further more, 5-AZA-Cdr induced increases in DPPIV levels correlated with growth inhibition and apoptosis in melanoma cells. All together these findings suggest that frequent downregulation of DPPIV expression in melanoma can be attributed, in large part, to aberrant promoter hypermethylation and this loss of DPPIV may be a critical event contributing to melanoma development.
Programmable Shape‐Shifting Micelles (2010)

Getting in shape: DNA-brush copolymer amphiphiles assemble into micelles with morphologies determined by selective interactions that allow manipulation of the magnitude of steric and electrostatic repulsions in the micelle shells. Cylinder-to-sphere phase transitions occur when an input DNA sequence is added to the micelles (see picture). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
[Treatment of Parkinson's disease with multiple drugs]. (1997)

All major symptoms of Parkinson's disease, i.e., rigidity, tremor, hypokinesia and postural instability are induced by an impaired dopaminergic neurotransmission in the nigro-striatal pathway. Levodopa pioneered the symptomatic therapy of Parkinson's disease. While it is effective on the motor symptoms, long-term levodopa therapy often results in dyskinesia, motor fluctuations and psychosis. Coadministration of levodopa and dopamine agonists, bromocriptine and pergolide, decreases these adverse side effects. Anticholinergics and amantadine are often effective as adjuvant drugs for the early stage of patients with Parkinson's disease. Furthermore, L-threo-DOPS, nor-adrenergic precursor drug, is sometimes effective for the advanced stage of Parkinson's disease. Thus coadministration of multiple antiparkinsonian drugs, rather than single therapy of levodopa, is useful for the long-term treatment of Parkinson's disease.
Tryptic and Chymotryptic Activities in Different Parts of the Gut of the Field Cricket Gryllus bimaculatus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) (1997)

Journal Article Tryptic and Chymotryptic Activities in Different Parts of the Gut of the Field Cricket Gryllus bimaculatus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) Get access L. H. Teo L. H. Teo 1Department of Zoology, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge Crescent, Republic of Singapore 0511. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 90, Issue 1, 1 January 1997, Pages 69–74, https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/90.1.69 Published: 01 January 1997 Article history Received: 12 April 1995 Accepted: 19 April 1996 Published: 01 January 1997
Separated Local Field Spectra in NMR: Determination of Structure of Solids (1976)

Various techniques of coherent averaging in NMR are applied in time sequence and the transient signal is doubly Fourier analyzed. The result is a two-dimensional NMR spectrum in which dipole-dipole spectra of spins having slightly different chemical shifts are separated from one another. The results are useful for determination of atomic positions in solids.
Catalysis in direct coal liquefaction by sulfated metal oxides (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalysis in direct coal liquefaction by sulfated metal oxidesVivek R. Pradhan, John W. Tierney, Irving Wender, and G. P. HuffmanCite this: Energy Fuels 1991, 5, 3, 497–507Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef00027a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00027a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views571Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Johnsongrass (<i>Sorghum halepense</i>) Control and Rainfastness with Glyphosate and Adjuvants (1998)

Glyphosate and adjuvant combinations were applied to rhizome johnsongrass at vegetative and reproductive growth stages to evaluate control and rainfastness in field studies. Using a rainfall simulator delivering 1.3 cm of water in 15 min, plots received either no rainfall or rainfall 15 or 60 min after glyphosate was applied at 2.1 kg ai/ha in combination with the nonionic surfactants Kinetic ® HV at 0.25% (v/v) or Induce ® at 1.0% (v/v) or the silicone surfactant Break-Thru ® at 0.125% (v/v). Regardless of adjuvant, rainfall 15 or 60 min after application reduced johnsongrass control compared with no rainfall. Johnsongrass control 14 d after treatment at the reproductive stage was at least 89% with no rainfall, but no more than 53 and 65% with rainfall at 15 and 60 min, respectively. Based on initial weed control, adjuvants did not consistently improve rainfastness. Johnsongrass regrowth did not occur when glyphosate was applied with either adjuvant. In contrast, for glyphosate applied to johnsongrass in the vegetative stage, addition of Break-Thru improved control over Induce at both 15- and 60-min rainfall timings in one of two experiments. With no rainfall, addition of Kinetic HV and Break-Thru increased johnsongrass control in only one experiment. For application at the vegetative stage, johnsongrass regrowth averaged across rainfall timings was no more than 10%. In other field experiments, glyphosate at 1.4 kg/ha plus nonionic surfactants, silicone surfactant, crop oil concentrate, methylated seed oil, or a blend of silicone surfactant and methylated seed oil were equally effective in reducing johnsongrass regrowth when applied after seedhead emergence. Improved control of vegetative johnsongrass with some adjuvants was not reflected in decreased regrowth.
Transient Stability Comparison between Five-phase and Three-phase Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor (2018)

This paper presents a comparative study of the transient stability between a five-phase and three-phase permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor (PMa-SynRM). In automotive industries, the reliability of the motor drive system has become a critical concern to ensure optimal safety. Five-phase PMa-SynRMs are suggested in the critical applications for their fault-tolerant capability. However, their transient performance over the conventional three-phase system has not been discussed in detail. Additionally, PMa-SynRMs show higher cross-coupling effects which cause strong dynamic outcomes. This paper presents the stability comparison between an optimally designed three-phase and five-phase PMa-SynRM. Detail theoretical analysis is carried out through the MATLAB and finite element analysis (FEA).