gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A silicon monolithic spiral transmission line balun with symmetrical design (1999)

In this work, a spiral transmission line balun has been fabricated on a high resistivity silicon substrate. The Marchand-type balun has been designed to have the same physical common ground points for the output transmission lines, which eliminates imbalance due to potential difference at the ground. Return loss is better than 17 dB in the frequency band of 1.6-4.1 GHz, especially 39 dB around 1.9 GHz. The amplitude imbalance is less than 0.3 dB throughout the bandwidth. The phase departure from 180/spl deg/ is less than 20 over the frequency range of 1.6-2.6 GHz. The balun is suitable for MMIC application.
Aeroelastic Analysis of Rotors With Flexible Disks and Alternate Blade Mistuning (2007)

A new reduced order Aeroelastic Model using the Principal Shapes of modes (AMPS) is presented. Rotors with flexible disks and alternate blade mistuning can challenge the fidelity of flutter prediction techniques that assume uniform blade-to-blade geometry and mode shape invariance with nodal diameter pattern. The AMPS method, however, accounts for alternating blade geometry as well as varying blade mode shapes, providing accurate flutter predictions for a large number of modes from a small number of CFD (computational fluid dynamics) simulations. AMPS calculations on rotors with alternate blade mistuning are presented and compared to other prediction techniques. The results provide insight into how alternate blade mistuning affects aerodynamic coupling and the flutter characteristics of a rotor.
Phase-nulling fiber-optic laser gyro (1979)

A fiber-optic gyro is described that employs closed-loop phase compensation. Preliminary experimental results are reported of the sensing of rotation rates down to 0.5 degrees /sec for a 135-mm-radius, 100-m-length fiber coil.
Process for producing hydrogen from water. [ferriferrous oxide and a chloride ion yielding substance] (1976)

A process is given for the production of hydrogen and oxygen from water comprising the steps of forming ferric chloride from ferriferrous oxide by reaction with a chloride ion yielding substance, reducing the ferric chloride produced with a reducing agent to produce ferrous chloride, and then oxidizing the ferrous compound with water so as to produce hydrogen. Suitable reducing agents include cuprous chloride, chromous chloride and platinum. Several reactant regenerative closed cycle systems are disclosed utilizing the process of this invention for the production of hydrogen with high energy efficiences. 15 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures.
Re-introducing Web-based simulation (2003)

This paper re-introduces Web-based simulation from a Web development point of view by first comparing the goals, structures, operations, and communication mechanisms on the Web with those of current distributed simulation technology, and then synthesizing a new Web-based simulation paradigm that more closely resembles the technology found on the Web than Java-HLA solutions. The resulting paradigm is expressed through the Simulation Reference Markup Language (SRML) and Simulation Reference Simulator (SR Simulator) developed through research at Boeing.
Gene Transfer (1995)

The principles and techniques of gene transfer are presented. Common concepts are defined, and the frequently used transfer vectors are described herein. Several gene transfer applications are discussed briefly. Areas of particular interest to the plastic surgeon such as gene transfer to skin and wounds are included.
TVB Receptors for Cytopathic and Noncytopathic Subgroups of Avian Leukosis Viruses Are Functional Death Receptors (2000)

The identification of TVB(S3), a cellular receptor for the cytopathic subgroups B and D of avian leukosis virus (ALV-B and ALV-D), as a tumor necrosis factor receptor-related death receptor with a cytoplasmic death domain, provides a compelling argument that viral Env-receptor interactions are linked to cell death (4). However, other TVB proteins have been described that appear to have similar death domains but are cellular receptors for the noncytopathic subgroup E of ALV (ALV-E): TVB(T), a turkey subgroup E-specific ALV receptor, and TVB(S1), a chicken receptor for subgroups B, D, and E ALV. To begin to understand the role of TVB receptors in the cytopathic effects associated with infection by specific ALV subgroups, we asked whether binding of a soluble ALV-E surface envelope protein (SU) to its receptor can lead to cell death. Here we report that ALV-E SU-receptor interactions can induce apoptosis in quail or turkey cells. We also show directly that TVB(S1) and TVB(T) are functional death receptors that can trigger cell death by apoptosis via a mechanism involving their cytoplasmic death domains and activation of the caspase pathway. These data demonstrate that ALV-B and ALV-E use functional death receptors to enter cells, and it remains to be determined why only subgroups B and D viral infections lead specifically to cell death.
Glycoprotein biosynthesis in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae: ngd29</i>, an <i>N</i>‐glycosylation mutant allelic to <i>och1</i> having a defect in the initiation of outer chain formation (1995)

Outer chain glycosylation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae leads to heterogeneous and immunogenic asparagine-linked saccharide chains containing more than 50 mannose residues on secreted glycoproteins. Using a [3H]mannose suicide selection procedure a collection of N-glycosylation defective mutants (designated ngd) was isolated. One mutant, ngd29, was found to have a defect in the initiation of the outer chain and displayed a temperature growth sensitivity at 37 degrees C allowing the isolation of the corresponding gene by complementation. Cloning, sequencing and disruption of NGD29 showed that it is a non lethal gene and identical to OCH1. It complemented both the glycosylation and growth defect. Membranes isolated from an ngd29 disruptant or an ngd29mnn1 double mutant were no longer able, in contrast to membranes from wild type cells, to transfer mannose from GDPmannose to Man8GlcNAc2, the in vivo acceptor for building up the outer chain. Heterologous expression of glucose oxidase from Aspergillus niger in an ngd29mnn1 double mutant produced a secreted uniform glycoprotein with exclusively Man8GlcNAc2 structure that in wild type yeast is heavily hyperglycosylated. The data indicate that this mutant strain is a suitable host for the expression of recombinant glycoproteins from different origin in S. cerevisiae to obtain mammalian oligomannosidic type N-linked carbohydrate chains.
Effects of Drainage Water Management on Crop Yields (2009)

The purpose of all drainage systems is to increase the efficiency and reliability of production. This should be accomplished by taking advantage of the resources naturally available. Controlled drainage conserves water by managing the drainage outflow from the system. This conservation of naturally available water saves energy and increases crop yields.
Demonstration of large complete phononic band gaps and waveguiding in high-frequency silicon phononic crystal slabs (2008)

Phononic crystals (PCs) are structures with periodic variations in their mechanical properties. PCs are especially of interest due to possibility of possessing frequency ranges in which propagation of elastic waves is completely prohibited; i.e., complete phononic band gaps (CPBGs). In this paper we first propose a PC slab structure created by a embedding a two dimensional array of void (air) inclusions in a solid slab with a finite thickness in the third dimension; using a plane wave expansion and a finite element code we show that wide CPBGs can be achieved by proper choice of geometrical parameters for the structure with void cylinders embedded in a thin silicon slab. Secondly, we report a CMOS-compatible fabrication procedure developed for fabrication and characterization of the proposed PC slabs operating at high frequencies (hundreds of megahertz to a few gigahertz). Using this fabrication procedure we fabricate and experimentally characterize the designed PC structures and show that strong attenuation (more than 30 dB) is observed in the transmission spectrum of elastic waves through eight layers of PC structure. The very good agreement between the frequency range of attenuation (119 MHz to 150 MHz) and the calculated CPBG provides an evidence of the validity and accuracy of our predictions of the existence of large CPBGs in the proposed structures. Using a PC structure with wide CPBG, a waveguide is fabricated by introducing a line defect in the PC structure. Characterization of the waveguide shows that high frequency (around 130 MHz) signals can be guided efficiently within the CPBG of the PC structure. These results show that the great capabilities of PCs can be utilized for realizing integrated micro/nano-mechanical devices with new and improved functionalities to be used in wireless communication and sensing applications.
Targeting 14-3-3ε-CDC25A interactions to trigger apoptotic cell death in skin cancer (2020)

Non-melanoma skin cancer is the most common form of cancer worldwide. We previously documented an anti-apoptotic role for CDC25A in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), an activity dependent on its association with 14-3-3 proteins. We hypothesized that targeting CDC25A-14-3-3ε interactions may be an effective strategy for inducing skin cancer cell apoptosis. Co-immunoprecipitation revealed that CDC25A associated with 14-3-3ε, 14-3-3γ and 14-3-3ζ in SCC cells but not normal keratinocytes. 14-3-3ε and CDC25A activated Akt/BAD/Survivin pro-survival signaling. To target the interaction of 14-3-3ε with CDC25A for cancer therapy, we developed two novel phospho-peptides, pS and pT, corresponding to each of the 14-3-3 binding sites of CDC25A, to specifically interfere with 14-3-3ε binding to CDC25A. Peptides pT (IC<sub>50</sub> = 22.1 μM), and pS (IC<sub>50</sub> = 29 μM) induced SCC cell death and blocked 14-3-3ε binding to CDC25A. pS or pT treatment of SCC xenografts increased apoptotic cell death and decreased pro-survival P-Akt (S473) and Survivin, demonstrating the effectiveness of the peptides <i>in vivo</i>. These findings lay a framework for the further development of peptides to target 14-3-3ε-CDC25A interactions for skin cancer treatment.
An Introduction to Quantum Error Correction (2000)

Quantum states are very delicate, so it is likely some sort of quantum error correction will be necessary to build reliable quantum computers. The theory of quantum error-correcting codes has some close ties to and some striking differences from the theory of classical error-correcting codes. Many quantum codes can be described in terms of the stabilizer of the codewords. The stabilizer is a finite Abelian group, and allows a straightforward characterization of the error-correcting properties of the code. The stabilizer formalism for quantum codes also illustrates the relationships to classical coding theory, particularly classical codes over GF(4), the finite field with four elements.
Affinity and Specificity of Multiple Hydroxypyrrole/Pyrrole Ring Pairings for Coded Recognition of DNA (1998)

Pairings rules have been developed to guide the design of\nsynthetic polyamides for recognition of predetermined sequences in the minor groove of DNA. We recently reported that eight-ring hairpin-polyamides containing 3-hydroxypyrrole (Hp), imidazole (Im), and pyrrole (Py) amino acids form four-ring pairings (Im/Py, Py/Im, Hp/Py, and Py/Hp) which distinguish the four\nWatson-Crick base pairs in the minor groove of DNA. An Im/\nPy pair distinguishes G·C from C·G and both of these from A·\nT/T·A base pairs. A Hp/Py specifies T·A from A·T, and both\nof these from G·C/C·G. The T·A selectivity of the Hp/Py pair\nlikely arises from a combination of differential destabilization of polyamide binding via placement of Hp/Py opposite A·T or T·A, and specific hydrogen bonds between the 3-hydroxy and 4-carboxamido groups of Hp with the O2 of T (Figure 1). A general pairing rule would require the same discrimination to be observed for the recognition of multiple T·A base pairs within other sequence contexts, including A·T rich sequences. In the original report, we observed that a single Hp/Py pair replacing a Py/Py pair destabilizes an eight-ring hairpin polyamide by 5-fold\nfor an identical match site. It remains to be determined whether consecutive Hp/Py ring pairings could target binding sites varying in their A·T base pair sequence composition without compromising polyamide affinity and sequence specificity. We report here that three consecutive Hp/Py pairs can be combined within a hairpin template to distinguish core sequence 5'-TTA-3' from 5'-TAT-3' in the DNA minor groove.
Transcriptional signatures of full‐spectrum and non‐UVB‐spectrum solar irradiation in human skin (2011)

Appendix S1 Supplementary materials and methods, Tables S1–S6 and Figures S1–S5. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Color‐by‐Blue: A novel method to achieve full‐color inorganic EL displays (2004)

Abstract— A new method for achieving full‐color capability for inorganic EL displays was developed, which combines electroluminescence with photoluminescence phenomena in the same device structure. In this display panel, the blue emission was obtained from the EL device by using the Eu‐doped barium thioaluminate phosphor material system, which was then used to generate green and red emission by the use of down‐conversion materials. The major advantages of the Color‐by‐Blue method (CBB) are the elimination of color‐balance control issues associated with the use of different electroluminescent phosphor materials for red, green, and blue with potentially different threshold voltages for the onset of luminance and the achievement of a low‐cost high‐yield manufacturing process.
Low-Oxygen Culture Conditions Extend the Multipotent Properties of Human Retinal Progenitor Cells (2013)

Low-oxygen culture conditions act to maintain both multipotency and self-renewal properties of hRPCs in vitro. The extended expansion limits permit the development of a clinical-grade reagent for transplantation.
P4‐697: ATOMIC STRUCTURES OF A SINGLE CHAIN ANTIBODY THAT BINDS AND INHIBITS SEEDING BY TAU OLIGOMERS (2019)

Alzheimer disease (AD) is the only disease among the 10 leading causes of death that cannot be cured, prevented, or even slowed. Amyloid plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles are the pathological hallmarks of AD, and levels of tau aggregation are tightly linked to cognitive decline. Several lines of evidence suggest that toxic tau oligomers play a pivotal role in the spread of tau pathology, and passive immunization using antibodies that neutralize tau oligomers offers promise in the battle to delay, and potentially even prevent onset of AD. We engineered scFv-M204 antibody, and cloned into pMES4 vector using Gibson assembly method. Next, we evaluated the ability of scFv-M204 antibody to bind tau oligomers, and inhibit seeding by brain-derived tau from tauopathy donors with AD and CTE in tau biosensor cells. Here we report a monoclonal antibody (M204) that binds tau oligomers of the full-length tau (Tau 40) and also the four-repeat domain of tau (Tau k18). M204 binds the aggregation-prone segments VQIINK and SVQIV in tau, and inhibits cell-to-cell seeding by tau oligomers, confirming the powerful role of theses sequences in promoting tau oligomerization. To minimize the size of the antibody, we sought to produce M204 as a single-chain variable-fragment (scFv) in Escherichia coli. The scFv-M204 was found to purify in three different conformations: monomer, dimer and trimer when expressed in the bacterial periplasm. The dimeric and trimeric conformations bind tau oligomers better than the monomeric form of scFv-M204, and importantly also inhibit tau aggregation in vitro and in HEK293 biosensor cells seeded by brain homogenates from human patients with tauopathies including AD and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE). The crystal structures of the monomer, dimer and trimer were determined revealing differences that could contribute to the increased binding and inhibition that we observed by higher order structures of scFv-M204. We speculate that by binding toxic oligomers, which are hypothesized to be early seeding-competent species that are formed by tau, our scFv-M204 antibody may have potential as an early-stage diagnostic for AD and other tauopathies, in addition to holding promise as a prospective therapeutic.
6-Aryl-4,5-dihydro-3(2H)-pyridazinones. A new class of compounds with platelet aggregation inhibiting and hypotensive activities (1983)

This paper reports on the synthesis and pharmacological activity of 6-aryl-4,5-dihydro-3(2H)-pyridazinone derivatives. The compounds exhibit an aggregation inhibiting action on human platelets in vitro and on rat platelets under ex vivo conditions, as well as a hypotensive action on rats. The strongest pharmacological effects were found with dihydropyridazinones, which have a 6-[p-[(chloroalkanoyl)amino]phenyl] substituent, together with a methyl group in the 5-position. The antiaggregation activity of compounds of this type is in vitro up to 16000 times and ex vivo up to 370 times greater than that of acetylsalicylic acid; the hypotensive action is up to 40 times as great as that of the comparative substance dihydralazine.
Estimation of Sperm Concentration and Total Motility from Microscopic Videos of Human Semen Samples (2018)

We present a method for automated analysis of human semen quality using microscopic video sequences of live semen samples. The videos are captured through an automated microscope at 400× magnification. In each video frame, objects of interest are extracted using image processing techniques. A deep convolution neural network (CNN) is used to distinguish between sperms and non-sperm objects. The frame-wise count of sperm cells is used to estimate the concentration of sperms in unit volume of semen. In each video, individual sperm cells are tracked across the frames using a predictive approach which handles collisions and occlusions well. Based on their computed trajectories, sperms are classified into progressively motile, nonprogressively motile and immotile types as per the WHO manual. In certain samples, due to various reasons, all visible objects drift in a certain direction. We present a method for identifying and compensating for the drift. Experimental results are presented on a set of more than 100 semen samples collected from a clinical laboratory. The results correlate well with existing accepted standard, SQA-V Gold for sperm concentration as well as motility parameters.
Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of (S)-, (R)-, and (.+-.)-9-[(2,3-dihydroxy-1-propoxy)methyl]guanine, linear isomers of 2'-nor-2'-deoxyguanosine (1985)

Racemic 9-[(2,3-dihydroxy-1-propoxy)methyl]guanine [(+/-)-iNDG], a new analogue of acyclovir (ACV) and a structural analogue of 2'-nor-2'-deoxyguanosine (2'NDG), was synthesized and found to inhibit the replication of herpes simplex virus types 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2). Subsequently, its optical isomers, (R)- and (S)-iNDG, were prepared from chiral intermediates. The chloromethyl ethers of 1,2-di-O-benzyl-D- and -L-glycerol were made and reacted with tris(trimethylsilyl)guanine to give the 9-alkylated guanines, which were deprotected by catalytic hydrogenolysis. Against HSV-1 and HSV-2 in cell culture, (S)-iNDG was approximately 10- to 25-fold more active than the R enantiomer and had an ED50 comparable to those for ACV and 2'NDG. The inferior activity of (R)-iNDG paralleled the poor inhibition of viral DNA polymerase by its phosphorylation products. In mice infected intraperitoneally or orofacially with HSV-1 or intravaginally with HSV-2, (S)-9-[(2,3-dihydroxy-1-propoxy)methyl]guanine [(S)-iNDG] was less efficacious than 2'NDG but comparable to or more active than ACV.
UHF micromechanical extensional wine-glass mode ring resonators (2004)

Vibrating polysilicon micromechanical ring resonators, utilizing a unique extensional wine-glass mode shape to achieve lower impedance than previous UHF resonators, have been demonstrated at frequencies as high as 1.2-GHz with a Q of 3,700, and 1.47-GHz (highest to date) with a Q of 2,300. The 1.2-GHz resonator exhibits a measured motional resistance of 560 k/spl Omega/ with a dc-bias voltage of 20 V, which is 6/spl times/ lower than measured on radial contour mode disk counterparts at the same frequency, and which can be driven down as low as 2 k/spl Omega/ when a dc-bias voltage of 100 V and electrode-to-resonator gap spacing of 460 /spl Aring/ are used. The above high Q and low impedance advantages, together with the multiple frequency, on-chip integration advantages afforded by electrostatically-transduced /spl mu/mechanical resonators, make this device an attractive candidate for use in the front-end RF filtering and oscillator functions needed by wireless communication devices.
Dissolution of Ni from High Ni Content Pt1−xNix Alloys (2011)

Three Pt1−xNix catalyst compositions, with high Ni content, were sputter deposited onto 3M Company's Nano-Structured Thin Film catalyst support to determine whether the high oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activities recently reported are a surface phenomenon or require bulk Ni dissolution. The electrodes with Pt0.27Ni0.73 throughout had the highest mass specific ORR activity of the samples tested. When some of the Pt0.27Ni0.73 was replaced with either Pt or Pt0.75Ni0.25, the mass activity dropped. These results confirmed that continuous high Ni content is required to obtain high mass activity.
Phase-locked semiconductor laser array with separate contacts (1983)

A new monolithic phase-locked semiconductor laser array has been fabricated. Employing two-level metallization, each of the eight elements in the array has a separate contact, thus making it possible to compensate for device nonuniformities and control the near-field and far-field patterns. Threshold currents are approximately 60 mA for each 5-μm-wide laser in the array. Phase locking has been observed via the narrowing of the far-field pattern. Experimental results are compared to those obtained from the same arrays operated with all the lasers connected in parallel.
ADP-Glo: A Bioluminescent and Homogeneous ADP Monitoring Assay for Kinases (2009)

ADP-Glo is a novel bioluminescent, homogeneous assay for monitoring ADP producing biochemical reactions and thus it is an ideal assay for detecting enzyme activity using a wide variety of substrates. It is a universal assay that can be used with protein kinases, lipid kinases, sugar kinases, and many more kinases as well as ATPases. Because of its high sensitivity, it is suitable for monitoring enzyme activities at very early substrate conversions requiring very low amount of enzymes. Furthermore, as the assay is applicable to a broad range of ATP and substrate concentrations, it is optimal for enzymes that require high ATP and substrate concentrations. This is critical since inhibitor potency has to be demonstrated at the cellular level where ATP is present at millimolar concentrations. ADP-Glo is performed in 2 steps upon completion of kinase reaction: a combined termination of kinase reaction and depletion of remaining ATP in the first step, and conversion of generated ADP to ATP and the newly produced ATP to light output using luciferase/luciferin reaction in the second step. The luminescent signal generated is proportional to the ADP concentration produced and is correlated with the kinase activity. Due to its high signal to background and luminescent readout, this assay is less susceptible to generation of false hits and thus it is applicable to not only primary and secondary screening but also kinase profiling.