gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
LIGHT REMOTE CONTROL THROUGH MULTI-CHANNEL BY CLOUD PLATFORM BASED ON NETWORK (2017)

This paper analyses the present situation of the development of networking and smart home Rapid development of the Internet and smart home. Because these technologies are making people's lives more convenient, so loved by people. Using the embedded control technology, by means of infrared technology and WiFi networks, set up a remote to control the lighting system. Using this system, users can use the smart device to control the lighting. You can also view the current lighting condition. Greatly enriches the way lights are used.
DNA Methyl Transferase Inhibiting Halogenated Monoterpenes from the Madagascar Red Marine Alga <i>Portieria </i><i>h</i><i>ornemannii</i> (2006)

Three new halogenated monoterpenes, 2, 3, and 4, along with the known compounds halomon (1) and two analogues, 5 and 6, were isolated from the Madagascar red marine alga Portieria hornemannii. The structures of all three new compounds were determined by NMR spectroscopy in combination with mass spectrometric data analysis. Two of these monoterpenes (1 and 2) were low micromolar inhibitors of DNA methyl transferase-1.
Neither Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) nor HIV-2 Infects Most-Primitive Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells as Assessed in Long-Term Bone Marrow Cultures (1998)

Attempts to clarify the pathophysiology of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-mediated bone marrow (BM) dysfunction have yielded inconsistent results regarding the susceptibility of BM progenitors to the viral infection. To specifically address this question, we exposed highly purified subpopulations of human BM progenitor cells to various HIV-1 and HIV-2 strains and assessed (pro)viral gene presence and expression in more-committed (CD34+CD38+) as well as most-primitive (CD34+CD38-) cells in long-term BM cultures. Quantitative analysis of long-term culture-initiating cells (LTCIC) failed to demonstrate adverse effects of exposing hematopoietic stem cells to HIV. Our results show that HIV-2, similar to HIV-1, does not infect hematopoietic stem cells in vitro with any significant frequency and infected cells are not present within LTCICs. Cytofluorometric analysis of CD34+ cells for surface molecules that facilitate HIV entry was consistent with the functional assay in that expression of virus receptors was predominantly on the more-committed subsets of BM progenitors. The failure to detect productive or latent HIV in the most-primitive human BM progenitor and stem cells has important implications for future therapeutic strategies, including those dealing with transduction of these cells with protective genes as a treatment modality for AIDS.
1-W cw Zn ion laser (1983)

We have obtained 1.2 W of cw laser power on the 4911.6- and 4924.0-Å transitions of Zn II by exciting a He-Zn gas mixture with a dc glow discharge electron beam. In addition, 0.25-W output power has been obtained on the 6149.9-Å line of Hg+ using the same excitation scheme. The combination of electron beam ionization of rare gas atoms and subsequent charge transfer excitation to metal ion levels is shown to have the potential of significantly increasing the efficiency of ion lasers. cw multiwatt visible and ultraviolet ion lasers operating at efficiencies &gt;10−3 appear feasible using this excitation scheme.
Measurements of nanoresonator-qubit interactions in a hybrid quantum electromechanical system (2016)

Experiments to probe the basic quantum properties of motional degrees of freedom of mechanical systems have developed rapidly over the last decade. One promising approach is to use hybrid electromechanical systems incorporating superconducting qubits and microwave circuitry. However, a critical challenge facing the development of these systems is to achieve strong coupling between mechanics and qubits while simultaneously reducing coupling of both the qubit and mechanical mode to the environment. Here we report measurements of a qubit-coupled mechanical resonator system consisting of an ultra-high-frequency nanoresonator and a long coherence-time superconducting transmon qubit, embedded in a superconducting coplanar waveguide cavity. It is demonstrated that the nanoresonator and transmon have commensurate energies and transmon coherence times are one order of magnitude larger than for all previously reported qubit-coupled nanoresonators. Moreover, we show that numerical simulations of this new hybrid quantum system are in good agreement with spectroscopic measurements and suggest that the nanoresonator in our device resides at low thermal occupation number, near its ground state, acting as a dissipative bath seen by the qubit. We also outline how this system could soon be developed as a platform for implementing more advanced experiments with direct relevance to quantum information processing and quantum thermodynamics, including the study of nanoresonator quantum noise properties, reservoir engineering, and nanomechanical quantum state generation and detection.
Process Features in Writing: Internal Structure and Incremental Value Over Product Features (2015)

In educational measurement contexts, essays have been evaluated and formative feedback has been given based on the end product. In this study, we used a large sample collected from middle school students in the United States to investigate the factor structure of the writing process features gathered from keystroke logs and the association of that latent structure with the quality of the final product (i.e., the essay text). The extent to which those process factors had incremental value over product features was also examined. We extracted 29 process features using the keystroke logging engine developed at Educational Testing Service (ETS). We identified 4 factors that represent the extent of writing fluency, local word‐level editing, phrasal/chunk‐level editing, and planning and deliberation during writing. We found that 2 of the 4 factors—writing fluency, and planning and deliberation—significantly related to the quality of the final text, whereas the 4 factors altogether accounted for limited variance in human scores. In 1 of the 2 samples studied, the keystroke‐logging fluency factor added incrementally, but only marginally, to the prediction of human ratings of text‐production skills beyond product features. The limited power of the writing process features for predicting human scores and the lack of clear additional predictive value over product features are not surprising given that the human raters have no knowledge of the writing process leading to the final text and that the product features measure the basic text quality specified in the human scoring rubric. Study limitations and recommendation for future research are also provided.
A single amino acid distinguishes the high‐responder from the low‐responder form of Fc receptor II on human monocytes (1991)

The low-affinity Fc receptor on human peripheral blood monocytes (Fc gamma RIIA) is polymorphic with respect to its ability to bind murine IgG1. The two allelic forms of the receptor, high responder (HR) and low responder (LR), yield characteristic patterns after isoelectric focusing and react differently with the anti-Fc gamma RII monoclonal antibody (mAb), 41H16. We recently cloned cDNA encoding the extracellular domains of Fc gamma RIIA on monocytes from one HR and two LR donors, and found that they differed at only a single base. The cDNA isolated from the HR donor had a G at position 519 and would be expected to encode an aginine at residue 133 in the mature protein, while the cDNA isolated from both LR donors had an A at position 519 and would be expected to encode a histidine at the same residue. To determine whether this single amino acid substitution actually accounts for the functional polymorphism involving Fc gamma RIIA, we transfected COS cells with full-length HR and LR Fc gamma RIIA cDNA, and examined them for their ability to react with anti-Fc gamma RIIA mAb and to bind red blood cells (RBC) coated with either murine IgG2b or murine IgG1. Whereas COS cells transfected with either the HR cDNA or the LR cDNA reacted with the anti-Fc gamma RII mAb, IV.3, and bound murine IgG2b-coated RBC, only COS cells transfected with the HR cDNA formed rosettes with murine IgG1-coated RBC and reacted strongly with mAb 41H16. A total of nine LR donors were identified, and all were homozygous for the A substitution at position 519. We conclude that at an A at position 519 in the cDNA encoding Fc gamma RIIA is the primary molecular basis for the LR form of the receptor, and that the amino acid at residue 133 determines whether Fc gamma RIIA efficiently binds murine IgG1.
Oxidative coupling of phenols. Part 10. The role of steric effects in the formation of C–O coupled products (1983)

The formation of C–O coupled products in the oxidative coupling of phenols is hindered by bulky ortho-substituents in the aryloxyl radical intermediates as shown by the predominant formation of the ortho-ortho-C–C coupling products in the oxidation of o-t-butyl- and 2,4-di-t-butyl-phenol. 3,5-Di-t-butyl-phenol gives exclusively the ortho-O-dimeric product as steric effects prevent the sandwich approach of two aryloxyl radicals necessary for C–C coupling.
The mobile intrusion detection and assessment system (MIDAS) (2002)

A description is presented of MIDAS, the Mobile Intrusion Detection and Assessment System. MIDAS is a security system that can be quickly deployed to provide wide area coverage for a mobile asset. MIDAS uses two passive infrared imaging sensors, one for intruder detection and one for assessment. Detected targets are tracked while assessment cameras are directed to view the intruder location for operator observation and assessment. The dual sensor design allows simultaneous detection, assessment, and tracking. Control and status information is provided to an operator using a color graphics terminal, touch panel driven menus, and a joystick for control of the assessment sensor pan and tilt.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Bispecific Antibodies: A Smart Arsenal for Cancer Immunotherapies (2021)

Following the clinical success of cancer immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors blocking B7/CTLA-4 or PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and ongoing numerous combination therapies in the clinic,3 bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) are now emerging as a growing class of immunotherapies with the potential to improve clinical efficacy and safety further. Here, we describe four classes of BsAbs: (a) immune effector cell redirectors; (b) tumor-targeted immunomodulators; (c) dual immunomodulators; and (d) dual tumor-targeting BsAbs. This review describes each of these classes of BsAbs and presents examples of BsAbs in development. We reviewed the biological rationales and characteristics of BsAbs and summarized the current status and limitations of clinical development of BsAbs and strategies to overcome limitations. The field of BsAb-based cancer immunotherapy is growing, and more data from clinical trials are accumulating. Thus, BsAbs could be the next generation of new treatment options for cancer patients.
Decrease in urethral pressure following repeated cough efforts: A new concept for pathophysiology of stress urinary incontinence (2007)

Many women with SUI exhibit a sharp decrease in MUCP after repeated coughs. Many hypotheses may explain this phenomenon, including increased fatigue of the periurethral muscles.
Synchronization of the Seminiferous Epithelium after Vitamin A Replacement in Vitamin A-Deficient Mice (1990)

The effect of vitamin A deficiency and vitamin A replacement on spermatogenesis was studied in mice. Breeding pairs of Cpb-N mice were given a vitamin A-deficient diet for at least 4 wk. The born male mice received the same diet and developed signs of vitamin A deficiency at the age of 14-16 wk. At that time, only Sertoli cells and A spermatogonia were present in the seminiferous epithelium. These spermatogonia were topographically arranged as single and paired cells and as clones of 4, 8 and more cells. A few mitoses of single, paired, and clones of 4 A spermatogonia were found, which were randomly distributed over the seminiferous epithelium. When vitamin A-deficient mice were treated with retinol-acetate combined with a normal vitamin A-containing diet, spermatogenesis restarted again synchronously. Only a few successive stages of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium were present up to at least 43 days after vitamin A replacement. After 20 days, 98.3% of the seminiferous tubules were synchronized, showing pachytene spermatocytes as the most advanced cell type, mostly being in epithelium stages IX-XII. After 35 and 43 days, spermatogenesis was complete in 99.6% of the tubular cross sections, and most tubular cross sections were in stages IV-VII of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium. The degree of synchronization was comparable or even higher than found in rats. The rate of development of the spermatogenic cells between 8 and 43 days after vitamin A replacement seemed to be similar to that in normal mice. Assuming that the rate of development of the spermatogenic cells is also normal during the first 8 days after vitamin A replacement, it can be deduced that the preleptotene spermatocytes, present after 8 days, were A spermatogonia in the beginning of stage VIII at the moment of vitamin A replacement. These results indicate that the mouse can be used as a model to study epithelial stage-dependent processes in the testis.
Carotenoids and related compounds. Part 41. Structure of mytiloxanthin and synthesis of a cis-isomer (1988)

Mytiloxanthin, an acidic pigment from the edible mussel, Mytilus edulis, yielded a diacetate on acetylation. Spectroscopic and other studies on the natural pigment and its derivative showed the former to be 3,3′,8′-trihydroxy-7,8-didehydro-β,κ-caroten-6′-one (1). The absolute stereochemistry 3R, 3′S, 5′R is proposed.Condensation of the trienedial (23) with the Wittig salt (22) gave the aldehydo ester (24) which was converted into the ethylenedioxy derivative (25). Condensation of (25) with the methyl ketone (16), and removal of the protecting group, gave the β-diketone (27) which reacted with the Wittig salt (29) to yield a desoxy-mytiloxanthin (30). A similar series of reactions based on the methyl ketone (20) led to a cis-isomer of mytiloxanthin.
Manning and Maintainability of a Submarine Unmanned Undersea Vehicle (UUV) Program: A Systems Engineering Case Study (2010)

The purpose of this thesis is to study the manning and maintainability requirements of a submarine unmanned undersea vehicle (UUV) program. This case study reviews current commercial and military applications of UUVs and applies their principles to the missions of the Navy's submarine force. Past and current UUV efforts are lacking requirements documents and the formal systems engineering process necessary to produce a successful program of record. Therefore, they are not being funded for use by the war-fighter. The Navy must develop formal concepts of operations (CONOPS) for the missions and systems that it wants to produce and allow industry to begin development for a formal future UUV program. Furthermore, the military has developed countless unmanned systems that have been developed for use in the water, on the ground and in the air, from which the Navy can apply important lessons learned. Lastly, analysis suggests that the Navy should continue to support the use of a submarine detachment for operation and maintainability of future vehicle programs.
Stimulation of Suicidal Erythrocyte Death by Tafenoquine (2016)

Tafenoquine triggers cell shrinkage and phospholipid scrambling of the erythrocyte cell membrane, an effect at least in part due to stimulation of Ca2+ entry, oxidative stress and possibly activation of casein kinase.
Insecticide resistance genes induce a mating competition cost in <i>Culex pipiens</i> mosquitoes (2002)

Resistance to organophosphorus insecticides (OP) in Culex pipiens mosquitoes represents a convenient model for investigating the fitness cost of resistance genes and its origin, since both the environmental changes in nature and the adaptive genes are clearly identified. Two loci are involved in this resistance--the super-locus Ester and the locus Ace.1--each displaying several resistance alleles. Population surveys have shown differences in fitness cost between these resistance genes and even between resistance alleles of the same locus. In order to better understand this fitness cost and its variability, the effects of these resistance genes on several fitness-related traits are being studied. Here, through competition experiments between two males for the access to one female, we analysed the effect on paternity success associated with three resistance alleles--Ester4, Ester1 and Ace.1R--relative to susceptible males and relative to one another. The eventual effect of female genotype on male mating success was also studied by using susceptible and resistant females. The strains used in this experiment had the same genetic background. Susceptible males had a mating advantage when competing with any of the resistant males, suggesting a substantial cost of resistance genes to this trait. When competing against susceptible males, the paternity success did not vary among resistant males, whatever the genotype of the female. When competing against other resistant males, no difference in paternity success was apparent, except when the female was Ester1.
Electronic beam scanning in millimeter-wave band with dielectric-ferrite loaded antennas (2002)

The radiation characteristics of magnetic dipoles in a grounded planarly layered structures including both the perpendicularly magnetized ferrite and dielectric media are investigated. The asymmetrical coupled transmission line representation is used to solve the Fourier transformed transversal field equations in the ferrite layer. However, in the dielectric layer the TE and TM modes are decoupled. Electronic beam scanning at millimeter-wave frequencies is obtained by changing the DC magnetic field at suitable conditions. The effects of various material parameters and frequency on the radiation pattern are also examined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Amide Functional Initiators for Transition-Metal-Mediated Living Radical Polymerization (2006)

Amide initiators were used successfully for copper-mediated living radical polymerization (often called ATRP) of a range of methacrylates to narrow molecular weight homopoymers and block copolymers from initiator species containing a bromo-2-methylpropionamide. The polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) occurs efficiently with a copper chloride (Cu(I)Cl)/N-n-octyl-2-pyridylmethanimine catalyst by maintaining a relatively low temperature for initiation and slowly increasing to the reaction temperature. By keeping the reaction at 25 °C for 30 min before heating to 90 °C, a number-average molecular weight (Mn) of 12 900 g mol-1 and a polydispersity of (PDI) = 1.24 at 70% conversion (where [MMA]/[initiator] = 100) were obtained. The polymers produced showed molecular weights in good agreement with the theoretical and polydispersities of 1.20. Where the reaction was heated to 90 °C, immediately high mass was obtained (26 600 g mol-1) in low yield (33%). When copper bromide (Cu(I)Br) was used in place of Cu(I)Cl, the obtained mass was much higher than the theoretical values. Polymerization from an initiator based on l-alanine under these conditions gave poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with Mn = 8100 g mol-1 (PDI = 1.23) as compared to the theoretical value of 5900 at this conversion (58% after 7 h). Polymerization of a other methacrylates including butyl methacrylate (Mn = 8700 (PDI = 1.27), Mn,theo = 7000), benzyl methacrylate (Mn = 11 400 (PDI = 1.25), Mn,theo = 9700), dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) (Mn = 10 900 (PDI = 1.24), Mn,theo = 8100), and also poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (Mn = 8100 (PDI = 1.24), Mn,theo = 6500) were also polymerized. The successful polymerization of styrene using bromo-2-methylpropionamide initiators is also reported with optimum conditions needing 110 °C in the presence of Cu(I)Br and N-n-octyl-2-pyridylmethanimine yield polymer with Mn = 5800 (PDI = 1.27). Poly(methyl methacrylate) was also used as macroinitiator with DMAEMA to form an AB block copolymer, confirming the living nature of the polymers (Mn = 34 700 (PDI = 1.25)). A triblock polymer of methyl methacrylate and poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) was also prepared from a difunctional bromo-2-methylpropionamide poly(dimethylsiloxane) initiator (Mn = 29 600 (PDI = 1.27)).
Scaling Up Single-Cell Proteomics (2021)

Single-cell tandem MS has enabled analyzing hundreds of single cells per day and quantifying thousands of proteins across the cells. The broad dissemination of these capabilities can empower the dissection of pathophysiological mechanisms in heterogeneous tissues. Key requirements for achieving this goal include robust protocols performed on widely accessible hardware, robust quality controls, community standards, and automated data analysis pipelines that can pinpoint analytical problems and facilitate their timely resolution. Toward meeting these requirements, this perspective outlines both existing resources and outstanding opportunities, such as parallelization, for catalyzing the wide dissemination of quantitative single-cell proteomics analysis that can be scaled up to tens of thousands of single cells. Indeed, simultaneous parallelization of the analysis of peptides and single cells is a promising approach for multiplicative increase in the speed of performing deep and quantitative single-cell proteomics. The community is ready to begin a virtuous cycle of increased adoption fueling the development of more technology and resources for single-cell proteomics that in turn drive broader adoption, scientific discoveries, and clinical applications.
Angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy study of initial stage of thermal oxidation on 4H-SiC(0001) (2016)

Abstract A key to improving the performance of SiC MOSFETs is to clarify the SiO 2 /SiC interface structure formed by thermal oxidation. We have investigated the initial stage of thermal oxidation on 4H-SiC(0001) by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. From the changes in the Si 2p 3/2 and C 1s photoelectron spectra, the changes in the chemical bonding state of the SiO 2 /SiC structure with the progress of thermal oxidation were observed. We also found that the intensity of C–O bonds in the case of 4H-SiC(0001) was smaller than that in the case of 4H-SiC( ) with the same oxide thickness and that the oxidation rate of 4H-SiC(0001) is already slower than that of 4H-SiC( ) in the early stage of oxidation.
Chart-Text: A Fully Automated Chart Image Descriptor (2018)

Images greatly help in understanding, interpreting and visualizing data. Adding textual description to images is the first and foremost principle of web accessibility. Visually impaired users using screen readers will use these textual descriptions to get better understanding of images present in digital contents. In this paper, we propose Chart-Text a novel fully automated system that creates textual description of chart images. Given a PNG image of a chart, our Chart-Text system creates a complete textual description of it. First, the system classifies the type of chart and then it detects and classifies the labels and texts in the charts. Finally, it uses specific image processing algorithms to extract relevant information from the chart images. Our proposed system achieves an accuracy of 99.72% in classifying the charts and an accuracy of 78.9% in extracting the data and creating the corresponding textual description.