gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cholecystokinin system is involved in the anorexigenic effect of peripherally applied palmitoylated prolactin-releasing peptide in fasted mice (2021)

Prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) has been proposed to mediate the central satiating effects of cholecystokinin (CCK) through the vagal CCK1 receptor. PrRP acts as an endogenous ligand of G protein-coupled receptor 10 (GPR10), which is expressed at the highest levels in brain areas related to food intake regulation, e.g., the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN) and nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS). The NTS and PVN are also significantly activated after peripheral CCK administration. The aim of this study was to determine whether the endogenous PrRP neuronal system in the brain is involved in the central anorexigenic effect of the peripherally administered CCK agonist JMV236 or the CCK1 antagonist devazepide and whether the CCK system is involved in the central anorexigenic effect of the peripherally applied lipidized PrRP analog palm-PrRP31 in fasted lean mice. The effect of devazepide and JMV236 on the anorexigenic effects of palm-PrRP31 as well as devazepide combined with JMV236 and palm-PrRP31 on food intake and Fos cell activation in the PVN and caudal NTS was examined. Our results suggest that the anorexigenic effect of JMV236 is accompanied by activation of PrRP neurons of the NTS in a CCK1 receptor-dependent manner. Moreover, while the anorexigenic effect of palm-PrRP31 was not affected by JMV236, it was partially attenuated by devazepide in fasted mice. The present findings indicate that the exogenously influenced CCK system may be involved in the central anorexigenic effect of peripherally applied palm-PrRP31, which possibly indicates some interaction between the CCK and PrRP neuronal systems.
Localization-Based Polar Code Construction with Sublinear Complexity (2018)

In this paper, a localization-based polar construction method is proposed to directly find the set of synthetic channels for information bits given a code configuration. Taking advantage of the partial order of polar codes, only a small number of synthetic channels need to be ordered, which scales as O(N/ log <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3/</sup> 2 N), resulting in a sublinear complexity to construct a polar code. Specifically, a practical method is put forward first to fast construct a group-based partial order diagram. A local area in the diagram with adaptive boundaries is then identified. By ordering the synthetic channels within the local area and combining selected ones with all the synthetic channels beyond the local area, the final set of synthetic channels for information bits are determined. Simulation results demonstrate how to adapt the boundary settings to different rate matching schemes and code configurations, and validate the effectiveness of the proposed method compared with the density evolution based methods.
Total Synthesis of Natural Myriaporones (2004)

Die relative und die absolute Konfiguration der cytotoxischen Myriaporone (z. B. 4) wurde über ihre Totalsynthese aus dem Aldehyd 1 bestimmt. Schlüsselschritte sind Aldolreaktionen mit dem Oxazolidinon 2 und dem Weinreb-Amid 3. TBS=tert-Butyldimethylsilyl, PMB=p-Methoxybenzyl.
Synthesis of 1,1‐dichloro‐2,2‐bis(4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐ethylene via ammonia or methylamine dehydrochlorination. A bisphenol for the preparation of highly flame‐resistant polycarbonates (1980)

Abstract Ammonia used as both reactant and solvent has been shown to dehydrochlorinate 1,1,1‐tri‐chloro‐2,2‐bis(4‐hydroxyphenyl)ethane smoothly to 1,1‐dichloro‐2,2‐bis(4‐hydroxyphenyl)ethylene. The reaction is complete in 1 hr at 100°C, and after two crystallizations from methanol/water affords polymerizable quality monomer for the synthesis of highly flame‐resistant polycarbonates. The use of organic solvents in combination with ammonia does not offer any rate advantages over pure ammonia. Primary and secondary amines also can be used to effect the dehydrochlorination but, except for the methylamine, are significantly less reactive and lead to less pure product than amonia.
An Efficient Route to 4‐Aryl‐5‐pyrimidinylimidazoles via Sequential Functionalization of 2,4‐Dichloropyrimidine. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Gouy phase compensated quasi phase matching (GQPM) (2008)

Using an appropriately designed quasi-phase matched structure it is theoretically possible to compensate for the deleterious effects of Gouy phase shift allowing a symmetric frequency response and tighter focussing for higher conversion efficiencies.
Graph Kernel Prediction of Drug Prescription (2019)

Predictive models for drug prescription exist; we propose an additional such model that uses a graphical representation of an electronic health record with the prescription process formulated as a kernelized binary (success or failure) classification problem. Our approach improves accuracy while maintaining a high level of interpretability. Results using the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) favorably compare our approach to other models.
Health-friendly high-quality white light using violet-green-red laser and InGaN nanowires-based true yellow nanowires light-emitting diodes (2017)

White light based on blue laser – YAG: Ce<sup>3+</sup> phosphor has the advantage of implementing solid-state lighting and optical wireless communications combined-functionalities in a single lamp. However, the blue light was found to disrupt melatonin production, and therefore the human circadian rhythm in general; while the yellow phosphor is susceptible to degradation by laser irradiation and also lack tunability in color rendering index (CRI). In this investigation, by using a violet laser, which has 50% less impact on circadian response, as compared to blue light, and an InGaN-quantum-disks nanowires-based light-emitting diode (NWs-LED), we address both issues simultaneously. The white light is therefore generated using violet-green-red lasers, in conjunction with a yellow NWs-LED realized using molecular beam epitaxy technique, on titanium-coated silicon substrates. Unlike the conventional quantum-well-based LED, the NWs-LED showed efficiency-droop free behavior up to 9.8 A/cm<sup>2</sup> with peak output power of 400 μW. A low turn-on voltage of ~2.1 V was attributed to the formation of conducting titanium nitride layer at NWs nucleation site and improved fabrication process in the presence of relatively uniform height distribution. The 3D quantum confinement and the reduced band bending improve carriers-wavefunctions overlap, resulting in an IQE of ~39 %. By changing the relative intensities of the individual color components, CRI of >85 was achieved with tunable correlated color temperature (CCT), thus covering the desired room lighting conditions. Our architecture provides important considerations in designing smart solid-state lighting while addressing the harmful effect of blue light.
Diagnosis and Biomarker Identi.cation on SELDI proteomics data by ADTBoost (2006)

Clinical proteomics is an emerging field that will have great impact on molecular diagnosis, identification of disease biomarkers, drug discovery and clinical trials in the post-genomic era. Protein profiling in tissues and fluids in disease and pathological control and other proteomics techniques will play an important role in molecular diagnosis with therapeutics and personalized healthcare. We introduced a new robust diagnostic method based on ADTboost algorithm, a novel method in proteomics data analysis to improve classification accuracy. It generates classification rules, which are often smaller and easier to interpret. This method often gives most discriminative features, which can be utilized as biomarkers for diagnostic purpose. Also, it has a nice feature of providing a measure of prediction confidence. We carried out this method in Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis disease data acquired by surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry experiments. Our method is shown to have outstanding prediction capacity through the cross-validation, ROC analysis results and comparative study. Our molecular diagnosis method provides an efficient way to distinguish ALS disease from neurological controls. The results are expressed in a simple and straightforward alternating decision tree format or conditional format. We identified most discriminative peaks in proteomic data, which can be utilized as biomarkers for diagnosis. ADTboost is not only useful in on proteomic data classification, it can also integrate other clinical, imaging data from heterogeneous sources for early diagnosis. It will have broad application in molecular diagnosis through proteomics and personalized medicine.
Adaptive baseband/RF predistorter for power amplifiers through instantaneous AM-AM and AM-PM characterization using digital receivers (2002)

This paper presents a powerful adaptive based band/RF predistorter, which uses advantageously the concept of digital receiver technology into power amplifier (PA) linearization area. The linearizer performs an instantaneous characterization of the PA using two digital receivers to supply its AM-AM and AM-PM transfer functions. W-CDMA signals applying different stress levels on PA are used to evaluate the performance of the predistorter. The entire system is validated using DSP/RF co-simulation for a typical class AB power amplifier. Results from different cases of standards signals reveal a significant reduction in effective output power back off (OBO).
Motion-Programmed Bar-Coating Method with Controlled Gap for High-Speed Scalable Preparation of Highly Crystalline Organic Semiconductor Thin Films (2019)

Solution-processed organic semiconductor thin films with high charge carrier mobility are necessary for development of next-generation electronic applications, but the rapid processing speed demanded for the industrial-scale production of these thin films poses a challenge to control of their thin-film properties, such as crystallinity, morphology, and film-to-film uniformity. Here, we show a new solution coating method that is compatible with a roll-to-roll printing process at a rate of 2 mm s<sup>-1</sup> by using a gap-controllable wire bar, motion-programming strategy, and blended active inks. We demonstrate that the coating bar, the horizontal motion of which is repeatedly brought to an intermittent standstill, results in an improved vertically self-stratified structure and a high crystallinity for organic active inks comprising a semiconducting small molecule and a semiconducting polymer. Furthermore, organic transistors prepared by the developed method show superior hole mobility with high operational stability (hysteresis and kink-free transfer characteristics), high uniformity over a large area of a 4 in. wafer, good reproducibility, and superior electromechanical stabilities on a flexible plastic substrate. The bar-coating approach demonstrated here will be a step toward developing industrial-scale practical organic electronics applications.
Photonic crystals for communications: stopping light and miniaturized non-reciprocal devices (2006)

We highlight some of the new possibilities of photonic crystal for optical communication applications, including stopping, storage, and time-reversal of light, as well as miniaturized non-reciprocal devices.
Synthesis and Characterization of Tris(trimethylsilyl)siloxide Derivatives of Early Transition Metal Alkoxides That Thermally Convert to Varied Ceramic–Silica Architecture Materials (2018)

In an effort to generate single-source precursors for the production of metal-siloxide (MSiO <sub>x</sub>) materials, the tris(trimethylsilyl)silanol (H-SST or H-OSi(SiMe<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub> (1) ligand was reacted with a series of group 4 and 5 metal alkoxides. The group 4 products were crystallographically characterized as [Ti(SST)<sub>2</sub>(OR)<sub>2</sub>] (OR = OPr <sup>i</sup> (2), OBu <sup>t</sup> (3), ONep (4)); [Ti(SST)<sub>3</sub>(OBu <sup>n</sup>)] (5); [Zr(SST)<sub>2</sub>(OBu <sup>t</sup>)<sub>2</sub>(py)] (6); [Zr(SST)<sub>3</sub>(OR)] (OR = OBu <sup>t</sup> (7), ONep, (8)); [Hf(SST)<sub>2</sub>(OBu <sup>t</sup>)<sub>2</sub>] (9); and [Hf(SST)<sub>2</sub>(ONep)<sub>2</sub>(py) <sub>n</sub>] ( n = 1 (10), n = 2 (10a)) where OPr <sup>i</sup> = OCH(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, OBu <sup>t</sup> = OC(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, OBu <sup>n</sup> = O(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>, ONep = OCH<sub>2</sub>C(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, py = pyridine. The crystal structures revealed varied SST substitutions for: monomeric Ti species that adopted a tetrahedral ( T-4) geometry; monomeric Zr compounds with coordination that varied from T-4 to trigonal bipyramidal ( TBPY-5); and monomeric Hf complexes isolated in a TBPY-5 geometry. For the group 5 species, the following derivatives were structurally identified as [V(SST)<sub>3</sub>(py)<sub>2</sub>] (11), [Nb(SST)<sub>3</sub>(OEt)<sub>2</sub>] (12), [Nb(O)(SST)<sub>3</sub>(py)] (13), 2[H][(Nb(μ-O)<sub>2</sub>(SST))<sub>6</sub>(μ<sub>6</sub>-O)] (14), [Nb<sub>8</sub>O<sub>10</sub>(OEt)<sub>18</sub>(SST)<sub>2</sub>·1/5Na<sub>2</sub>O] (15), [Ta(SST)(μ-OEt)(OEt)<sub>3</sub>]<sub>2</sub> (16), and [Ta(SST)<sub>3</sub>(OEt)<sub>2</sub>] (17) where OEt = OCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>. The group 5 monomeric complexes were solved in a TBPY-5 arrangement, whereas the Ta of the dinculear 16 was solved in an octahedral coordination environment. Thermal analyses of these precursors revealed a stepwise loss of ligand, which indicated their potential utility for generating the MSiO <sub>x</sub> materials. The complexes were thermally processed (350-1100 °C, 4 h, ambient atmosphere), but instead of the desired MSiO <sub>x</sub>, transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed that fractions of the group 4 and group 5 precursors had formed unusual metal oxide silica architectures.
Field Trial Results of an Improved Refractory Material for Slagging Gasifiers (2006)

Gasifiers are used commercially to react a carbon feedstock with water and oxygen under reducing conditions; producing chemicals used as feedstock for other processes, fuel for power plants, and/or steam used in other processes. A gasifier acts as a high temperature, high pressure reaction chamber, typically operating between 1250-1575°C, and with pressures between 300-1000 psi. Ash that originates from mineral impurities in the carbon feedstock becomes a by-product of gasification. In a slagging gasifier it melts, forming a liquid which flows down the gasifier sidewall; penetrating and wearing away the refractory liner by corrosive dissolution, abrasive wear, or by other processes such as spalling. The refractory liner must withstand the severe service environment, protecting the steel shell against corrosive gases, temperature, and material wear. Users have identified refractory service life as the most important limitation to sustained on-line availability of gasifiers, limiting gasifier acceptance and use by industry. The National Energy Technology Laboratory in Albany, OR, has developed and patented (US Patent # 6,815,386) a phosphate containing high chrome oxide refractory for use in slagging gasifiers. In cooperation with ANH Refractories Company, this refractory material has been commercially produced and is undergoing field tests in commercial gasifiers. An analysis of data from these field tests indicates that the phosphate containing refractory results in an improved service life over other refractory materials currently used as gasifier liners. Results from the post-mortem analysis of the field trial in relation to the failure mechanisms in a slagging gasifier will be presented.
Direct recovery of planar-parallax from multiple frames (2002)

We present an algorithm that estimates dense planar-parallax motion from multiple uncalibrated views of a 3D scene. This generalizes the "plane+parallax" recovery methods to more than two frames. The parallax motion of pixels across multiple frames (relative to a planar surface) is related to the 3D scene structure and the camera epipoles. The parallax field, the epipoles, and the 3D scene structure are estimated directly from image brightness variations across multiple frames, without precomputing correspondences.
A new abstraction for summary-based pointer analysis (2007)

W e propose a new abstraction for pointer analysis based on the principle of matching pointer dereferences or "memory fetches" with pointer assignments. Our abstraction, the Assign-Fetch Graph (AFG), has several advantages over traditional points-to graphs. It leads to concise procedure summaries for pointer analysis and similar computations; each procedure' s summary information can be used effectively in arbitrary calling contexts. Different analysis variations can be formulated on the AFG we present two possible variations. One is based on a standard insensitive view of the program; the other takes some statement ordering into account and produces results that are both more precise and more quickly computed. Our abstraction also facilitates incremental summary-based pointer analysis, which is not generally possible with conventional points-to graphs.
A New Entity Salience Task with Millions of Training Examples (2014)

Although many NLP systems are moving toward entity-based processing, most still identify important phrases using classical keyword-based approaches. To bridge this gap, we introduce the task of entity salience: assigning a relevance score to each entity in a document. We demonstrate how a labeled corpus for the task can be automatically generated from a corpus of documents and accompanying abstracts. We then show how a classifier with features derived from a standard NLP pipeline outperforms a strong baseline by 34%. Finally, we outline initial experiments on further improving accuracy by leveraging background knowledge about the relationships between entities.
Millimeter wave ferrite devices (1982)

Several ferrite control devices have been designed, fabricated and evaluated for 35 GHz dielectric waveguide applications. These devices include phase shifters and circulators utilizing spinel ferrites, and isolators with hexagonal ferrites. These devices were optimized in a magnesium titanate dielectric waveguide type transmission line for operation in the 35 GHz frequency region. The circulator had less than 1 dB insertion loss and greater than 15 dB isolation over a 10% bandwidth. A Reggia-Spencer type phase shifter employing a nickel zinc composition with a saturation magnetization of 5000 Gauss and a remanence of 1950 Gauss produced 125° phase shift per cm with 0.3 dB insertion loss. The resonance isolator had 1 dB insertion loss in the forward direction and more than 20 dB isolation in the reverse direction. Initial material and device evaluation at 94 GHz indicates that problems associated with material losses and the fabrication of small size devices can be overcome with proper material selection, simplified designs and careful device fabrication procedures.
Achieving High-Rate Multi-Hop Data Delivery in Vehicular Networks (2009)

In this paper, we outline a framework for achieving high data rate connectivity in a multi-hop vehicular network. The data streams are sent to the receiver on the highest data rate path from the source vehicles. The method does not rely upon a location service for obtaining position information. Moreover, as the source and the receivers move from one position to the other, the paths are recomputed dynamically without any explicit position information notification. The forwarding method adapts rapidly, and in a distributed manner, as the conditions on the roads change due to vehicle mobility, radio propagation etc. Based on performance evaluations, we observe that the proposed protocol converges rapidly towards the forwarding method that ensures highest achieved data rates.
Stabilized matrix for molten carbonate fuel cell (2002)

For commercialization of molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) power plants, the most important factors are MCFC performance and life. The performance and life of an MCFC depend on the electrolyte loss and gas crossover due to the matrix degradation, such as LiAlO/sub 2/ particle growth during cell operation and the matrix cracking at the initial heat-up stage. In order to suppress the matrix degradation, we fabricated a stabilized matrix with /spl alpha/-LiAlO/sub 2/ as the electrolyte support material and with long /spl alpha/-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ fibers as the reinforcement. We assembled the cell with the stabilized matrix. The performance of the cell is stable for 7000 hours. We consider that the matrix degradation, such as the particle growth during cell operation and matrix cracking, has not occurred in this cell.
Genital papillomavirus in Greek women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical carcinoma (1996)

Fifty biopsies from high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HG-SIL) and 14 cervical carcinoma biopsies from Greek women were screened for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA sequences by Southern blot hybridization and by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of different HPV types. In high-grade SIL, HPV DNA sequences were detected in 44 of 50 biopsies with the following distribution: 36% HPV 16, 12% HPV 18, 6% HPV 31, 6% HPV 33, 4% HPV 51, and 24% unclassified HPV types. In cervical carcinoma biopsies, 13 of 14 specimens were positive for HPV DNA sequences. Six biopsies were positive for HPV 16, three were positive for HPV 18, and four contained unclassified HPV types. Overall, of the total 64 biopsies, 57 (89%) were positive for HPV DNA sequences. Of these, Southern blot hybridization alone detected HPV DNA sequences in 39 cases, whereas by PCR 18 additional specimens were found to be positive for HPV. Among the HPV 16-positive biopsies, two samples produced a Pstl banding pattern very similar but not identical to that of HPV 16 prototype and were referred to as HPV 16 isolates. One HPV 16 isolate appears to carry a mutation within the carboxy-terminal half of the L2 gene that results in the loss of a Pstl site. The other HPV 16 isolate had a similar Pstl banding pattern to that previously reported as HPV 16 "variant" found in Cape Town [Williamson et al., 1989, Journal of Medical Virology 28: 146-149, 1994, Journal of Medical Virology 43: 231-237.] and in Italy [Li Vigni et al., 1994, 2nd International Congress of Papillomavirus in Human Pathology (Abstracts), p 100.].