gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transparent adaptation of single-user applications for multi-user real-time collaboration (2006)

Single-user interactive computer applications are pervasive in our daily lives and work. Leveraging single-user applications for supporting multi-user collaboration has the potential to significantly increase the availability and improve the usability of collaborative applications. In this article, we report an innovative Transparent Adaptation (TA) approach and associated supporting techniques that can be used to convert existing and new single-user applications into collaborative ones, without changing the source code of the original application. The cornerstone of the TA approach is the operational transformation (OT) technique and the method of adapting the single-user application programming interface to the data and operation models of OT. This approach and supporting techniques were developed and tested in the process of transparently converting two commercial off-the-shelf single-user applications (Microsoft Word and PowerPoint) into real-time collaborative applications, called CoWord and CoPowerPoint, respectively. CoWord and CoPowerPoint not only retain the functionalities and “look-and-feel” of their single-user counterparts, but also provide advanced multi-user collaboration capabilities for supporting multiple interaction paradigms, ranging from concurrent and free interaction to sequential and synchronized interaction, and for supporting detailed workspace awareness, including multi-user telepointers and radar views. The TA approach and generic collaboration engine software component developed from this work are potentially applicable and reusable in adapting a wide range of single-user applications.
A new algorithm for minimizing convex functions over convex sets (1989)

An algorithm for minimizing a convex function over a convex set is given. The notion of a volumetric center of a polytope and a related ellipsoid of maximum volume inscribable in the polytope is central to the algorithm. The algorithm has a much better rate of global convergence than the ellipsoid algorithm. A by-product of the algorithm is an algorithm for solving linear programming problems that performs a total of O(mn/sup 2/L+M(n)nL) arithmetic operations in the worst case, where m is the number of constraints, n the number of variables, and L a certain parameter. This gives an improvement in the time complexity of linear programming for m>n/sup 2/. >
Friction in Granular Flows (1990)

From simple microscopic considerations we propose an expression for the frictional force in granular materials. This force has very nonlinear behavior as a function of the shear rate. The mechanism we propose predicts the existence of a characteristic shear rate, 0, which separates regions of stable from unstable flow. Our formulation can explain the hysteresis phenomena commonly observed in granular materials.
Chemistry and Structure of Sony's Nexelion Li-ion Electrode Materials (2006)

Abstract : The composition and structure of Sony Corporation's new 14430 lithium-ion battery electrodes was investigated. It was observed that the anode is a composite consisting of an equal amount on a weight basis of graphite and an amorphous alloy phase. The alloy phase consists mainly of tin and cobalt, with a tin:cobalt ratio of about 1:1. The particle size of the alloy phase is less than 1 micron. For the cathode it was observed that it is a composite consisting of a majority LiCoO2 phase and a second phase (15 to 20 volume %) whose formula is of the form Li(CoyNi1.7xMnx)O2. The particle size of both phases is in the micron range with many particles for the Li(CoyNi1.7xMnx)O2 phase in the range between 10 and 20 microns.
Database Analytics: A Reconfigurable-Computing Approach (2013)

Businesses are experiencing a growing need for performing real-time analytics on ever-increasing enterprise data. While providing useful business insights and improved market responsiveness, analytics also adds a computational burden on traditional online transaction processing (OLTP) systems and could adversely affect the performance of OLTP workloads. The authors present a highly pipelined, high-throughput query-processing engine on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) to offload expensive queries for database analytics. The proposed solution provides a mechanism for a database management system (DBMS) to seamlessly harness the FPGA accelerator without requiring any changes in the application or the existing data layout. The authors' system, which uses an off-the-shelf server and a PCIe-attached FPGA card and is integrated into a commercial DBMS platform, achieves an order-of-magnitude speedup on various real-life queries.
Cyberinsurance in IT Security Management (2007)

Cyberinsurance to cover losses and liabilities from network or information security breaches can provide incentives for security investments that reduce risk. Although cyberinsurance has evolved, industry has been slow to adopt it as a risk management tool.
Stable transformation of <i>Drosophila</i> Kc cells to antibiotic resistance with the bacterial neomycin resistance gene (1986)

By transfection with a plasmid containing the APH(3') gene under control of the HSV I thymidine kinase promoter, independent series of stably transformed Drosophila cells were established and grown for more than one and a half years under highly selective pressure (2 mg G 418/ml). Analysis of transformed Drosophila cell DNAs shows that the APH(3') gene was integrated into the genome. Neomycin phosphotransferase is constitutively expressed in transformed cells. This efficient selective system by a dominant marker makes it possible to introduce, by cotransfection, any DNA sequence of interest into the genome of cultured Drosophila cells.
Automated detection in complex objects using a tracking algorithm in multiple X-ray views (2011)

We propose a new methodology to detect parts of interest inside of complex objects using multiple X-ray views. Our method consists of two steps: `structure estimation', to obtain a geometric model of the multiple views from the object itself, and `parts detection', to detect the object parts of interest. The geometric model is estimated by a bundle adjustment algorithm on stable SIFT keypoints across multiple views that are not necessary sorted. The detection of the object parts of interest is performed by an ad-hoc segmentation algorithm (application dependent) followed by a tracking algorithm based on geometric and appearance constraints. It is not required that the object parts have to be segmented in all views. Additionally, it is allowed to obtain false detections in this step. The tracking is used to eliminate the false detections without discriminating the object parts of interest. In order to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, several applications - like detection of pen tips, razor blades and pins in pencil cases and detection of flaws in aluminum die castings used in the au-tomative industry - are shown yielding a true positive rate of 94.3% and a false positive rate of 5.6% in 18 sequences from 4 to 8 views.
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST/GOT) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT/GPT) Detection Techniques (2006)

The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST/GOT) and alanineaminotransferase (ALT/GPT) in serum can help people diagnose body tissues especially theheart and the liver are injured or not. This article provides a comprehensive review ofresearch activities that concentrate on AST/GOT and ALT/GPT detection techniques due totheir clinical importance. The detection techniques include colorimetric, spectrophotometric,chemiluminescence, chromatography, fluorescence and UV absorbance, radiochemical, andelectrochemical techniques. We devote the most attention on experimental principle. Insome methods a few representative devices and important conclusions are presented.
A feasibility study of an upper limb rehabilitation system using kinect and computer games (2012)

A new low-cost system for rehabilitation of the impaired upper limb for stroke survivors is presented. A computer game was developed specifically for this purpose and the user's impaired upper extremity is tracked using a downward-pointed Kinect, an inexpensive motion capture system commercially available from Microsoft. A Kalman filter was implemented to reduce data jittering. Patients are required to move their impaired arm, sliding it on top of a transparent support, in order to play the game. The game is personalized to the patient through specific settings that adapt to the patient's range of motion and motor control at the start of the game as well as performance during the game. The final score is proportional to the arm's movement speed. A feasibility study was carried out with one stroke survivor. The game was played for ten days and usability surveys were answered before and after the study. The patient was engaged with the game, found it easy to understand and reported willingness to use it in the home environment and enjoyment of the use in the clinic.
MIRCOS - microcontroller-based real time control system toolbox for use with Matlab/Simulink (2003)

This paper presents the new MIRCOS toolbox for graphical programming and real time operation of the standard 16-bit microcontroller 80C166 using Matlab and Simulink. With the toolbox presented, rapid control prototyping is possible on this widely available hardware. The system can also be used for hardware-in-the-loop simulations. The complete controller synthesis, the automatic generation and implementation of the control program on the microcontroller, and the control task itself can be carried out under Matlab's user interface. Furthermore, the full functionality of Matlab and Simulink can be used in MIRCOS, e.g., for parameter hand-off or visualization without interrupting or impeding the control task running on the 80C166.
Inviwo — A Visualization System with Usage Abstraction Levels (2019)

The complexity of today's visualization applications demands specific visualization systems tailored for the development of these applications. Frequently, such systems utilize levels of abstraction to improve the application development process, for instance by providing a data flow network editor. Unfortunately, these abstractions result in several issues, which need to be circumvented through an abstraction-centered system design. Often, a high level of abstraction hides low level details, which makes it difficult to directly access the underlying computing platform, which would be important to achieve an optimal performance. Therefore, we propose a layer structure developed for modern and sustainable visualization systems allowing developers to interact with all contained abstraction levels. We refer to this interaction capabilities as usage abstraction levels, since we target application developers with various levels of experience. We formulate the requirements for such a system, derive the desired architecture, and present how the concepts have been exemplary realized within the Inviwo visualization system. Furthermore, we address several specific challenges that arise during the realization of such a layered architecture, such as communication between different computing platforms, performance centered encapsulation, as well as layer-independent development by supporting cross layer documentation and debugging capabilities.
Prostaglandin metabolism in dystrophin-deficient MDX mouse muscle (1991)

Conference Article| April 01 1991 Prostaglandin metabolism in dystrophin-deficient MDX mouse muscle Anne McArdle; Anne McArdle 1Muscle Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Liverpool, P.O.Box 147, Liverpool L69 3BX Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Abigail Foxley; Abigail Foxley 1Muscle Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Liverpool, P.O.Box 147, Liverpool L69 3BX Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Richard H.T. Edwards; Richard H.T. Edwards 1Muscle Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Liverpool, P.O.Box 147, Liverpool L69 3BX Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Malcolm J. Jackson Malcolm J. Jackson 1Muscle Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Liverpool, P.O.Box 147, Liverpool L69 3BX Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1991) 19 (2): 177S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst019177s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Anne McArdle, Abigail Foxley, Richard H.T. Edwards, Malcolm J. Jackson; Prostaglandin metabolism in dystrophin-deficient MDX mouse muscle. Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1991; 19 (2): 177S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst019177s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1991 Biochemical Society1991 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Differential Gene Expression in the EphA4 Knockout Spinal Cord and Analysis of the Inflammatory Response Following Spinal Cord Injury (2012)

Mice lacking the axon guidance molecule EphA4 have been shown to exhibit extensive axonal regeneration and functional recovery following spinal cord injury. To assess mechanisms by which EphA4 may modify the response to neural injury a microarray was performed on spinal cord tissue from mice with spinal cord injury and sham injured controls. RNA was purified from spinal cords of adult EphA4 knockout and wild-type mice four days following lumbar spinal cord hemisection or laminectomy only and was hybridised to Affymetrix All-Exon Array 1.0 GeneChips™. While subsequent analyses indicated that several pathways were altered in EphA4 knockout mice, of particular interest was the attenuated expression of a number of inflammatory genes, including Arginase 1, expression of which was lower in injured EphA4 knockout compared to wild-type mice. Immunohistological analyses of different cellular components of the immune response were then performed in injured EphA4 knockout and wildtype spinal cords. While numbers of infiltrating CD3+ T cells were low in the hemisection model, a robust CD11b+ macrophage/microglial response was observed post-injury. There was no difference in the overall number or spread of macrophages/activated microglia in injured EphA4 knockout compared to wild-type spinal cords at 2, 4 or 14 days post-injury, however a lower proportion of Arginase-1 immunoreactive macrophages/activated microglia was observed in EphA4 knockout spinal cords at 4 days post-injury. Subtle alterations in the neuroinflammatory response in injured EphA4 knockout spinal cords may contribute to the regeneration and recovery observed in these mice following injury.
Power-efficient streaming for mobile terminals (2005)

Wireless Network Interface (WNI) is one of the most critical components for power efficiency in multimedia streaming to mobile devices. A common strategy to save power is to switch WNI to active mode only when network activity is expected. In streaming systems, this approach is problematic because data are typically received continuously. One solution is to transmit data packets as bursts, which leaves WNI more time between bursts in standby mode. However, that subjects bursty transmission in high peak rates, which leaves it prone to congestion. In this paper, we study theoretically and empirically the impact of burst length and peak transmission rate for observed packet loss and delay characteristics as well as potential energy savings in a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) environment. We outline and implement a test system with adaptive burst length to achieve improved trade-off between power efficiency and congestion tolerance.
Resource allocation for healthcare organizations (2011)

Executives of hospitals, specifically, privately managed hospitals in developing countries are facing tremendous pressure from the stake-holders to adopt state-of-the art revenue management strategies, in order to justify return on their investments (RoI). On the other hand, the hospital management face the challenge of providing quality and safe health-care services to all of their patients from both within and outside the country (demand) with limited resource capacity (supply). Revenue from surgeries account for about 40% of the total revenue in most of the hospitals. In this research, we consider surgical demand from elective surgeries and propose a two-phase method for the allocation of resources (supply) to surgeries (demand). The first phase, allocates resources to all the surgical requests. Second phase re-allocates surgeries based on competitive bidding of the surgical requests. Resource allocation is the distribution of limited resources (capacity) among competing consumers (or a firm's customers). One way of fair allocation of resources to the consumers is through auctions. For the second phase, we develop a model for optimal allocation of multiple resources like operating rooms (ORs), nurses, equipments, and so on; to the surgical demand of hospitals through auctions. The various resources of hospitals like ORs and nurses, are represented as factors or characteristics of a generalized resource. A resource (generalized) is a realization of factors like ORs, nurses, and equipments. That is a resource (generalized) is a specific set of nursing staff and equipments being assigned to a specific OR in a specific time-slot. Optimally allocating resources to various bids (surgical requests) and scheduling the surgical requests to various ORs without any conflict on any given time-slot of a day is an NP-hard problem. The proposed model optimally allocates client (practitioners or agents) bids to the available capacity of resources (generalized). We analyse the application of the model for a business scenario.
Gene Gun Bombardment with DNA-Coated Golden Particles Enhanced the Protective Effect of a DNA Vaccine Based on Thioredoxin Glutathione Reductase of<i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> (2012)

Schistosomiasis, caused by infection with Schistosoma species, remains an important parasitic zoonosis. Thioredoxin glutathione reductase of Schistosoma japonicum (SjTGR) plays an important role in the development of the parasite and for its survival. Here we present a recombinant plasmid DNA vaccine, pVAX1/SjTGR, to estimate its protection against S. japonicum in BALB/c mice. The DNA vaccine administrated by particle bombardment induced higher protection than by intramuscular injection. All animals vaccinated with pVAX1/SjTGR developed significant specific anti-SjTGR antibodies than control groups. Moreover, animals immunized by gene gun exhibited a splenocyte proliferative response, with an increase in IFN- γ and IL-4. The recombinant plasmid administrated by gene gun achieved a medium protective efficacy of 27.83-38.83% (P < 0.01) of worm reduction and 40.38-44.51% (P < 0.01) of liver egg count reduction. It suggests that different modes of administering a DNA vaccine can influence the protective efficacy induced by the vaccine. Interestingly, from the enzymatic activity results, we found that worms obtained from pVAX1/SjTGR-vaccinated animals expressed lower enzymatic activity than the control group and the antibodies weakened the enzymatic activity of SjTGR in vitro, too. It implies that the high-level antibodies may contribute to the protective effects.
An Update of the Readiness of Vapor Compression Distillation for Spacecraft Wastewater Processing (1992)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Vapor Compression Distillation technology has proved its readiness as a spacecraft wastewater processor as evidenced by selection of this technology for the Urine Processor Assembly aboard Space Station Freedom. In conjunction with Boeing Aerospace Company and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Life Systems' technical team has made significant advances in both flight hardware design and software operational aspects. The flight hardware design has focused on Orbital Replacement Unit (ORU) design, ORU rack packaging and ORU weight reduction. On orbit operational aspects of software include operating modes, process control loops, fault detection and fault isolation. These improvements are further indication that Vapor Compression Distillation will be the key to providing wastewater regeneration essential for long-term human survival in space.</div>
Astrocyte Regulation of Synaptic Behavior (2014)

Astrocytes regulate multiple aspects of neuronal and synaptic function from development through to adulthood. Instead of addressing each function independently, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the different ways astrocytes modulate neuronal synaptic function throughout life, with a particular focus on recent findings in each area. It includes the emerging functions of astrocytes, such as a role in synapse formation, as well as more established roles, including the uptake and recycling of neurotransmitters. This broad approach covers the many ways astrocytes and neurons constantly interact to maintain the correct functioning of the brain. It is important to consider all of these diverse functions of astrocytes when investigating how astrocyte-neuron interactions regulate synaptic behavior to appreciate the complexity of these ongoing interactions.
A 7-GHz CMOS Bidirectional Variable Gain Amplifier With Low Gain and Phase Imbalances (2018)

This paper presents a bidirectional variable gain amplifier (BVGA) with a low imbalance between amplification directions in 65-nm CMOS process. The BVGA is composed of two symmetric bidirectional amplifiers (BA) and a distributed attenuator (DA) for a low directional imbalance. The amplification direction is changed by the switching supply and ground voltages of a common gate amplifier in the BA. Switchable matching networks are designed with self-switching n-channel CMOS (NMOS) transistors in order to eliminate two single-pole-double-throw switches. The BVGA gain is controlled by the gate bias voltage of three NMOS varistors in the DA. Shunt inductors under the NMOS varistors are used to minimize the phase imbalance owing to the DA attenuation. The total chip size is 1848 × 628 μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> including pads. The gains of the BVGA are 2.3-11.5 dB and return loss is <;-6 dB at 7 GHz. The 3-dB bandwidth of the BVGA is 2 GHz that is from 6 to 8 GHz. The measured output 1-dB power compression point and minimum noise figure are 4.6 dBm and 6.7 dB. The measured gain and phase directional imbalances are <;0.1 dB and <;4° in the C-band. The power consumption of the BVGA is 72.5 mW.
Buckling resistance of solid shell bubbles under ultrasound (2011)

Thin solid shell contrast agents bubbles are expected to undergo different volume oscillating behaviors when the acoustic power is increased: small oscillations when the shell remains spherical, and large oscillations when the shell buckles. Contrary to bubbles covered with thin lipidic monolayers that buckle as soon as compressed: the solid shell bubbles resist compression, making the buckling transition abrupt. Numerical simulations that explicitly incorporate a shell bending modulus give the critical buckling pressure and post-buckling shape, and show the appearance of a finite number of wrinkles. These findings are incorporated in a model based on the concept of effective surface tension. This model compares favorably to experiments when adjusting two main parameters: the buckling tension and the rupture shell tension. The buckling tension provides a direct estimation of the acoustic pressure threshold at which buckling occurs.