gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nicotinamide – biologic actions of an emerging cosmetic ingredient (2005)

Nicotinamide, the water-soluble amide of nicotinic acid, is a component of the two most important coenzymes - nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. Thus nicotinamide is involved in numerous oxidation-reduction reactions in mammalian biological systems. Nicotinamide essentially acts as an antioxidant. Most effects are exerted via poly-adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase inhibition. Thus nicotinamide increasingly gains interest in the prevention and treatment of several skin diseases. It is well established in the systemic therapy of pellagra, a deficiency disease linked to nicotinic acid, but with respect to topical use there is still a need for further evidence with respect to its manifold potential uses. Currently, its local use is established in the care of acne-prone skin.
Taking the First Steps: Stimulating the Nappamerri Trough Resource Play (2012)

Abstract The Nappamerri Trough in the Cooper Basin has long been recognised as a potential unconventional resource play with both deep-basin (Hillis et al. 2001) or basin-centred gas, and, more recently, as a potential shale gas target. However, initial attempts to fracture stimulate sandstones on conventional structural highs in and around the trough proved difficult. High treating pressures reached the limits of the well designs, and unsuccessful stimulation treatments resulted. A review of geomechanical information suggested that fracture complexity might have resulted from fractures initiating vertically and then twisting off to horizontal further into the reservoir (Nelson et al. 2007). From 2010 to 2012, Beach Energy undertook a two-well exploration drilling program aimed at assessing the shale gas potential of the Nappamerri Trough and proving the presence of gas outside of structural closure. The wells were initially planned to gather base geological information from the core, but it was recognised that key fracture stimulation uncertainties could be addressed by these wells that would have significant benefit for future well design. With the knowledge gained from previous stimulation treatments, the wells were designed to incorporate Acid-soluble cement to improve the connection to the reservoir A fracture completion string—wellhead and pumping equipment suitable for higher treating pressures A surface tiltmeter monitoring array to ascertain whether treatments were twisting into the horizontal plane The two wells, Holdfast-1 and Encounter-1, were successfully stimulated with 13 different treatments. This paper summarises the interpretation of the treating pressure data and the tiltmeter responses. Through diligent pre-project planning, the observed treating pressures were manageable, although higher than pressure gradients in other published shales and tight-gas areas. Large near-wellbore (NWB) pressure losses in most intervals were successfully reduced to allow treatments to be placed using moderately low viscosity fluids. The interpretation of the tiltmeter array data indicated predominately vertical fracture development, which is a positive outcome for maximising stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) in future horizontal wells. However, the fracture orientation determined from the tiltmeters was not consistent with the anticipated maximum stress orientation from borehole logs and regional studies, and further investigation is required to resolve this difference.
Phase II, randomized, multicenter, comparative study of peginterferon–α–2a (40 kD) (Pegasys®)<i>versus</i>interferon α-2a (Roferon®-A) in patients with treatment-naïve, chronic-phase chronic myelogenous leukemia (2007)

The efficacy and safety of peginterferon-alpha-2a (40 kD) (PEG-IFNalpha-2a), 450 microg once weekly, versus IFNalpha-2a, 9 MIU once daily, for 12 months, was evaluated in a Phase II study in IFN-naïve patients with chronic-phase, Philadelphia-chromosome-positive CML. At the end of the treatment, complete hematological response was observed in 66.2% (47/71) and 45.2% (33/73) of the PEG-IFNalpha-2a group and IFNalpha-2a groups, respectively (p = 0.009), and major cytogenetic response occurred in 35.2% and 17.8%, respectively (p = 0.016). PEG-IFNalpha-2a was at least as effective as IFNalpha-2a overall, including progression-free survival at the end of treatment, and overall survival after 30 months of follow-up. Adverse events necessitated fewer withdrawals but more dose adjustments in the PEG-IFNalpha-2a group compared with the IFNalpha-2a group (11%versus 23%, and 84.5%versus 65.8%, respectively). In conclusion, PEG-IFNalpha-2a (40 kD), 450 microg once weekly, compared with IFNalpha-2a, 9 MIU once daily, resulted in higher rates of hematologic and cytogenetic response and greater overall survival.
Large-Stroke Microelectrostatic Actuators for Vertical Translation of Micromirrors Used in Adaptive Optics (2005)

Two microelectrostatic actuators able to produce a repulsive force in the out-of-plane direction are presented in this paper. The electrostatic actuators use an asymmetric electric field surrounding the top and bottom surfaces of the moving fingers to produce a repulsive force. The displacement of translation micromirrors driven by these actuators is not limited by the "pull-in" effect and, therefore, can achieve a large stroke. In addition, the usage of a repulsive force leads to the elimination of the stiction problem. An analytical model relating the displacement of the first actuator to voltage applied is presented. The analytical model and numerical simulations show that a translation micromirror driven by the first actuator can achieve a stroke as large as 6/spl mu/m at a driving voltage of 50 V. The second actuator, suitable for fabrication using Multi-User-MEMS-Processes (MUMPs), is developed. A prototype translation micromirror driven by the second actuator achieved a vertical stroke of 2 /spl mu/m, which is more than three times the stroke of conventional MUMPs translation micromirrors.
Requirement for Diverse TCR Specificities Determines Regulatory T Cell Activity in a Mouse Model of Autoimmune Arthritis (2012)

CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) are required to restrain the immune system from mounting an autoaggressive systemic inflammatory response, but why their activity can prevent (or allow) organ-specific autoimmunity remains poorly understood. We have examined how TCR specificity contributes to Treg activity using a mouse model of spontaneous autoimmune arthritis, in which CD4(+) T cells expressing a clonotypic TCR induce disease by an IL-17-dependent mechanism. Administration of polyclonal Tregs suppressed Th17 cell formation and prevented arthritis development; notably, Tregs expressing the clonotypic TCR did not. These clonotypic Tregs exerted Ag-specific suppression of effector CD4(+) T cells using the clonotypic TCR in vivo, but failed to mediate bystander suppression and did not prevent Th17 cells using nonclonotypic TCRs from accumulating in joint-draining lymph nodes of arthritic mice. These studies indicate that the availability of Tregs with diverse TCR specificities can be crucial to their activity in autoimmune arthritis.
A small-molecule inhibitor of D-cyclin transactivation displays preclinical efficacy in myeloma and leukemia via phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway (2010)

D-cyclins are universally dysregulated in multiple myeloma and frequently overexpressed in leukemia. To better understand the role and impact of dysregulated D-cyclins in hematologic malignancies, we conducted a high-throughput screen for inhibitors of cyclin D2 transactivation and identified 8-ethoxy-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene (S14161), which inhibited the expression of cyclins D1, D2, and D3 and arrested cells at the G(0)/G(1) phase. After D-cyclin suppression, S14161 induced apoptosis in myeloma and leukemia cell lines and primary patient samples preferentially over normal hematopoietic cells. In mouse models of leukemia, S14161 inhibited tumor growth without evidence of weight loss or gross organ toxicity. Mechanistically, S14161 inhibited the activity of phosphoinositide 3-kinase in intact cells and the activity of the phosphoinositide 3-kinases α, β, δ, and γ in a cell-free enzymatic assay. In contrast, it did not inhibit the enzymatic activities of other related kinases, including the mammalian target of rapamycin, the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit, and phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1. Thus, we identified a novel chemical compound that inhibits D-cyclin transactivation via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway. Given its potent antileukemia and antimyeloma activity and minimal toxicity, S14161 could be developed as a novel agent for blood cancer therapy.
This computer responds to user frustration: (2002)

Use of technology often has unpleasant side effects, which may include strong, negative emotional states that arise during interaction with computers. Frustration, confusion, anger, anxiety and similar emotional states can affect not only the interaction itself, but also productivity, learning, social relationships, and overall well-being. This paper suggests a new solution to this problem: designing human–computer interaction systems to actively support users in their ability to manage and recover from negative emotional states. An interactive affect–support agent was designed and built to test the proposed solution in a situation where users were feeling frustration. The agent, which used only text and buttons in a graphical user interface for its interaction, demonstrated components of active listening, empathy, and sympathy in an effort to support users in their ability to recover from frustration. The agent's effectiveness was evaluated against two control conditions, which were also text-based interactions: (1) users’ emotions were ignored, and (2) users were able to report problems and ‘vent’ their feelings and concerns to the computer. Behavioral results showed that users chose to continue to interact with the system that had caused their frustration significantly longer after interacting with the affect–support agent, in comparison with the two controls. These results support the prediction that the computer can undo some of the negative feelings it causes by helping a user manage his or her emotional state.
Asymmetric Flow in Vaneless Diffusers of Centrifugal Blowers (1977)

An analytical method is proposed to evaluate the flow behavior in vaneless diffusers assuming that the flow is not symmetric between the walls. In the analysis momentum integral equations are used together with some special relations for the main flow or for the maximum velocity flow. According to the authors’ experiment, for the case of a small flow rate a reverse flow is observed on one wall near the inlet of the diffuser but at a larger radius the reverse flow disappears and another reverse flow is observed on the other wall. The predictions quantitatively agree well with experiments not only in the case of large flow rates but also in the case of small flow rates where the flow pattern is very complicated.
Zinc and cobalt complexes based on tripodal ligands: synthesis, structure and reactivity toward lactide (2014)

The coordination chemistry of a series of pro-ligands ([L¹]-[L⁶]) with cobalt and zinc derivatives has been studied. All complexes have been characterized by multinuclear NMR, elemental analysis, and by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Polymerization of rac-lactide takes place at 130 °C in the presence of cobalt and zinc complexes to yield polymers under solvent free conditions with controlled molecular masses and narrow polydispersities.
Proportion of neonatal readmission attributed to length of stay for childbirth: a population-based cohort study (2016)

Patterns of readmission suggest that readmission rates are lowest following a 1-2-day stay following a vaginal birth and a 2-4-day stay following a caesarean birth given the outpatient support in the community.
Plant Design, Optimisation and Availability: A Case Study of Two Kilns (1994)

The methodologies used during the design of two specialised rotary kilns, built sequentially, are compared. The emphasis during the design of the first kiln was on the process requirements and specialised equipment to meet those requirements. For the second kiln the emphasis shifted to optimising the performance and the reliability of the system using such techniques as Failure Mode and Effects Analysis and a Reliability, Maintainability and Availability study.
A new wireless sensor network TDMA timing synchronization protocol (2016)

Industrial wireless sensor and actuator networks are gaining momentum and have started to target new and more demanding application scenarios extending pure monitoring scenarios. In this paper we discuss the needs for simple and more accurate TDMA timing synchronization to enable the future applications. We present a novel TDMA timing synchronization protocol which is simple to implement, as well as a performance evaluation using of-the-shelf hardware indicating measured worst case synchronization errors less than 10 microseconds at five hops from the synchronization master. The paper shows that it is possible to realize synchronization on average around 1 microsecond with little effort and negligible computational or network overhead.
Recovery-Conscious Adaptive Watermark Generation for Time-Order Event Stream Processing (2020)

Achieving low latency in time-order real-time event stream processing of data produced by a large number of IoT devices is difficult due to the buffering time required for sorting event messages arrived. Despite the existence of real-time IoT applications that highly depend on the order of event occurrences, event messages arriving from the devices to the event processing system are not time-ordered in many cases. Therefore, such an event processing system needs to buffer arriving event messages, sort, and then process them. This buffering time tends to be decided as a safe large period to guarantee correctness in terms of time-ordering, and leads to an increase of latency. Furthermore, failure recovery mechanism of a stateful stream processing deployed into distributed processing nodes makes this problem more difficult. It frequently causes large time-order reversal among event messages in the distributed stream processing system, that cannot be handled with a buffering time designed for real-time processing during normal periods. In this paper, we introduce a novel technique to adaptively determine the minimum necessary amount of buffering time to guarantee time-order sorting depending on the event-time progress in arrival event messages. To be more precise, instead of specifying the actual buffering time, the method adaptively controls the minimum time margin to determine the current "watermark" that shows the event time upon which a processing unit in a distributed stream processing system believes to have received all the messages. Further, we developed a complete function (called "time alignment") to sort the time-order of messages while keeping low latency in our developed distributed event stream processing platform. Through the experimental evaluations, it is shown that the developed method has the capability to determine a proper watermark to achieve both a strong guarantee on time-order correctness and low latency in real-time event stream processing.
Comparison of short-term outcomes of late pre-term singletons and dichorionic twins and optimal timing of delivery (2010)

This study examined the incidence of perinatal morbidity and mortality in late pre-term and term dichorionic twins versus singleton delivery at the same gestation. There were no measurable differences in the incidence of the perinatal complications in relation to gestational age at delivery between singleton and dichorionic twin pregnancies. In singleton pregnancies, the incidence of RDS/TTN in late pre-term births are significantly higher than those at 37 weeks, while the incidence in births at 39-40 weeks are significantly lower than those at 37 weeks. In dichorionic twin pregnancies, the incidence of RDS/TTN in late pre-term births are significantly higher than those at 37 weeks, while there were no measurable differences in the incidence in births between 37 and 38-39 weeks' gestation. There were no cases of fetal demise in dichorionic twin pregnancies at 36-40 weeks' gestation. Although fetuses in dichorionic twin pregnancies may achieve maturity earlier than fetuses in singleton pregnancies at 37-40 weeks' gestation, the incidence of perinatal complications such as RDS/TTN of late pre-term births in dichorionic twin pregnancies was the same as that in singleton pregnancies. In the absence of maternal or fetal complications, it is advisable to deliver twins only at 37 completed weeks' gestation or later, to avoid neonatal complications.
Peptides. VI. Some Oxime Carbonates as Novel <i>t</i>-Butoxycarbonylating Reagents (1977)

Abstract Several t-butoxycarbonyl derivatives of oximes were prepared through the corresponding oxime chloroformates. Of these, diethyl (t-butoxycarbonyloxyimino)malonate and 2-(t-butoxycarbonyloxyimino)-2-phenylacetonitrile were utilized for the preparation of t-butoxycarbonylamino acids under various conditions. The results are summarized in a table.
Detection of serotonergic and noradrenergic antidepressants in the rat forced swimming test: the effects of water depth (1995)

A new scoring technique is described that measures active behaviors of rats in the forced swimming test, a test that predicts antidepressant drug effects. The technique distinguishes the effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, which reduce immobility and increase swimming behavior, from selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, which reduce immobility and increase climbing behavior. The magnitude of behavioral effects described for each drug (i.e., reduced immobility for both drugs, increased swimming for fluoxetine, increased climbing for desipramine) was greater when testing was conducted at the deeper 30-cm rather than the shallow 15-cm water depth. Results obtained with the technique demonstrate that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are not false negatives in the rat forced swimming test, as previously thought.
EFFECT EXTRACT FRUIT PALA (NUTMEG) AS AN ALTERNATIVE PRESERVATION FOR QUALITY OF CAKALANG FUFU FISH (2020)

Nutmeg flesh becomes limba during the harvest season. To increase the benefits and economic value, nutmeg which is antibacterial in nature can be processed and developed into alternative preservatives. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of nutmeg extract as an alternative employee to the quality of fufu cakalang fish (smoked cakalang fish). This type of quantitative research is a randomized block design. The total sample is 9 units, consisting of 3 treatments and 3 blocks, with a simple random sampling technique.test E ColiÂ with SNI method and organoleptic test with score method. Data were analyzed with the help of a computer. Fufu cakalang fish scores were organoleptically 1000 grams of nutmeg extract and 500 grams were 8 and the control group score was 7. The average growth of E Coli inÂ the control group was 4.6667Â Â± 2.08167 and the treatment of 500 grams of the average contamination or growth ofÂ microbes E Coli. 0.6667 Â Â± 1,15470.growth E ColiÂ occurred on the sixth day and increased on the ninth day of storage. One way ANOVA statistical test, between the treatment groups of 1000 grams, 500 grams and the control group showed that there were differences in the growth ofÂ microbiology E coliÂ with a calculated F value of 10.118 significant at pÂ 0.012 less than 0.05. It was concluded that the administration of nutmeg extract can provide differences in the growth of E Coli.
Face recognition based on LBP and CS-LBP technique under different emotions (2015)

Recognition of a face under different emotions is a challenging subject. Human expression frequently changes with mood. during recognition of face, human may have any expression (neutral, happy, sad, angry, disgust or surprise) and thus, in case, where only neutral face expression has been stored in database, it become difficult to recognize the face of person which is under emotions other than neutral expression. The work done in this paper is twofold. First, local binary pattern (LBP) and center-symmetric local binary pattern (CS-LBP) has been applied to extract the local binary features of the image. Second, Euclidean distance, histogram intersection and chi-square distance is used for recognition of face. The performance is evaluated on the Japanese Female Facial Expression (JAFFE) database and results are compared in terms of recognition rate and time taken for processing. It has been observed that CS-LBP provides better recognition rate rather than LBP in case of different expressions of face.
Samen elkaars taal en cultuur leren kennen: Het project Nachbarsprache & Buurcultuur (2018)

Uitwisseling tussen Duitse en Nederlandse scholen vindt al veelvuldig plaats. Maar kunnen gezamenlijke lessen het leerproces sterker bevorderen?
Cytosolic Ca<sup>2+</sup>Changes during<i>In Vitro</i>Ischemia in Rat Hippocampal Slices: Major Roles for Glutamate and Na<sup>+</sup>-Dependent Ca<sup>2+</sup>Release from Mitochondria (1999)

This work determined Ca2+ transport processes that contribute to the rise in cytosolic Ca2+ during in vitro ischemia (deprivation of oxygen and glucose) in the hippocampus. The CA1 striatum radiatum of rat hippocampal slices was monitored by confocal microscopy of calcium green-1. There was a 50-60% increase in fluorescence during 10 min of ischemia after a 3 min lag period. During the first 5 min of ischemia the major contribution was from Ca2+ entering via NMDA receptors; most of the fluorescence increase was blocked by MK-801. Approximately one-half of the sustained increase in fluorescence during 10 min of ischemia was caused by activation of Ca2+ release from mitochondria via the mitochondrial 2Na+-Ca2+ exchanger. Inhibition of Na+ influx across the plasmalemma using lidocaine, low extracellular Na+, or the AMPA/kainate receptor blocker CNQX reduced the fluorescence increase by 50%. The 2Na+-Ca2+ exchange blocker CGP37157 also blocked the increase, and this effect was not additive with the effects of blocking Na+ influx. When added together, CNQX and lidocaine inhibited the fluorescence increase more than CGP37157 did. Thus, during ischemia, Ca2+ entry via NMDA receptors accounts for the earliest rise in cytosolic Ca2+. Approximately 50% of the sustained rise is attributable to Na+ entry and subsequent Ca2+ release from the mitochondria via the 2Na+-Ca2+ exchanger. Sodium entry is also hypothesized to compromise clearance of cytosolic Ca2+ by routes other than mitochondrial uptake, probably by enhancing ATP depletion, accounting for the large inhibition of the Ca2+ increase by the combination of CNQX and lidocaine.