gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Orally administered<i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i>reduces pro-inflammatory interleukin secretion in sera from<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>infected mice (2007)

Lactic acid bacteria have traditionally been thought to have immunomodulating effects. To verify this property, Lactobacillus plantarum was orally administered to mice (5 x 107 colony forming units (c.f.u.)), prior to infection with Listeria monocytogenes in order to evaluate the host resistance against an infectious micro-organism and to better define the influence of L. plantarum on such responses. Balb/c mice were treated daily with L. plantarum or received PBS (sham-treated mice as controls) for 4 weeks. Subsequently, mice were intravenously infected with a clinical isolate of L. monocytogenes. Our study revealed that the administration of L. plantarum did not significantly increase the survival (P = 0.13) of mice (fifteen in each group) after L. monocytogenes infection (106 c.f.u./ml), whereas a sub-lethal dose of L. monocytogenes (105 c.f.u./ml) was eliminated from liver and spleen 5 d after the challenge in both L. plantarum- and sham-treated mice (n 5). Nevertheless, the levels of IL-1beta and IL-6 from sera of orally administered L. plantarum were drastically reduced at 0, 4 (P < 0.01) and 6 d after L. monocytogenes infection, whereas TNF-alpha production was unaltered. In conclusion, administration of L. plantarum reduced pro-inflammatory IL production after challenge with L. monocytogenes, although it did not significantly impact the survival of mice. We speculate that L. plantarum could exert anti-inflammatory effects, which may represent an important model to reduce inflammatory disorders. Therefore, further studies in human subjects should determine the role of L. plantarum as an immunomodulatory micro-organism and its relationship in the host protection to pathogens.
Fanconi-Bickel syndrome in two Palestinian children: marked phenotypic variability with identical mutation (2016)

This report further expands the clinical spectrum of FBS even with identical mutations. Other yet unknown genetic, environmental or stochastic factors may be responsible for phenotypic variability.
Liquid cooling based on thermal silica plate for battery thermal management system (2017)

To achieve safe, long lifetime, and high-performance lithium-ion batteries, a battery thermal management system (BTMS) is indispensable. This is especially required for enabling fast charging-discharging and in aggressive operating conditions. In this research, a new type of battery cooling system based on thermal silica plates has been designed for prismatic lithium-ion batteries. Experimental and simulations are combined to investigate the cooling capability of the BTMS associated to different number of cooling channels, flow rates, and flow directions while at different discharge C-rates. Results show that the maximum temperature reached within the battery decreases as the amount of thermal silica plates and liquid channels increases. The flow direction had no significant influence on the cooling capability. While the performance obviously improves with the increase in inlet flow rate, after a certain threshold, the gain reduces strongly so that it does not anymore justify the higher energy cost. Discharged at 3 C-rate, an inlet flow rate of 0.1 m/s was sufficient to efficiently cool down the system; discharged at 5 C-rate, the optimum inlet flow rate was 0.25 m/s. Simulations could accurately reproduce experimental results, allowing for an efficient design of the liquid-cooled BTMS.
Classification schemes of Information Science: Twenty‐eight scholars map the field (2007)

Abstract The field of Information Science is constantly changing. Therefore, information scientists are required to regularly review—and if necessary—redefine its fundamental building blocks. This article is one of a group of four articles, which resulted from a Critical Delphi study conducted in 2003–2005 (Zins, 2007a, 2007b, 2007c). The study, “Knowledge Map of Information Science,” was aimed at exploring the foundations of information science. The international panel was composed of 57 leading scholars from 16 countries who represent nearly all the major subfields and important aspects of the field. This particular article documents 28 classification schemes of Information Science that were compiled by leading scholars in the academic community. This unique collection of 28 classification schemes portrays and documents the profile of contemporary Information Science at the beginning of the 21st century.
<title>Real-Time Holography With Microwaves And Millimeter Waves</title> (1980)

A new approach to real-time, long-wavelength holography is described. The method utilizes one wavelength for formation and another for reconstruction. The reconstruction is done with a millimeter wave lens illuminated by an antenna array operating at the shorter wave-lengths. The amplitude distribution from the array is a replica of the sampled microwave hologram. PIN-diode modulators control the reconstruction array. Experimental verification is given.
Effect of pentosan polysulfate (SP 54) on the reverse transcriptase activity of several retroviruses. (1987)

Pentosan polysulfate (SP 54), a low molecular weight sulfated polysaccharide, was studied in vitro for its effect on the reverse transcriptase activity of seven retroviruses. Six of them possess an enzyme with high sensitivity against SP 54, while the enzyme of one virus (bovine leucosis virus) proved to be insensitive within the concentration range tested. In comparison with other polyanionic compounds so far tested, SP 54 seems to be one of the most active in vitro inhibitors of retrovirus-specific reverse transcriptase.
Differences between excited states produced chemically and photochemically. Ion pairs of excited states derived from luminol (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDifferences between excited states produced chemically and photochemically. Ion pairs of excited states derived from luminolPeter D. Wildes and Emil H. WhiteCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 8, 2610–2617Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00789a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00789a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views248Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Photoinitiated Domino Reactions:<i>N</i>-(Adamantyl)phthalimides and<i>N</i>-(Adamantylalkyl)phthalimides (2009)

Phthalimides 1-6 undergo photochemical reactions upon direct irradiation as well as triplet sensitization and give rise to new products. Besides formation of the primary photoproducts, the first photochemical step initiates a subsequent thermal domino reaction or a domino sequence of a thermal and a photochemical reaction. The latter, involving two photochemical intramolecular gamma-H abstractions, was observed with phthalimides 1, 3, and 6 and delivered stereospecifically the hexacyclic benzazepine products 12, 19, and 27, respectively. The lowest triplet states of 1-6 were characterized in several solvents upon direct and acetone-sensitized excitation. The intermolecular electron transfer from triethylamine and DABCO was studied, and the radical anions were observed. Electrochemical measurements showed that intramolecular electron transfer from the adamantyl group of 1-6 to the lowest triplet state of the phthalimides is not feasible. The formation of products can be explained by intramolecular H-abstraction from the (alkyl)adamantane to the excited phthalimide, either from the excited singlet state or a hidden upper excited triplet state.
Review on photoacoustic imaging of the brain using nanoprobes (2016)

Photoacoustic (PA) tomography (PAT) is a hybrid imaging modality that integrates rich optical contrasts with a high-ultrasonic spatial resolution in deep tissue. Among various imaging applications, PA neuroimaging is becoming increasingly important as it nicely complements the limitations of conventional neuroimaging modalities, such as the low-temporal resolution in magnetic resonance imaging and the low depth-to-resolution ratio in optical microscopy/tomography. In addition, the intrinsic hemoglobin contrast PA neuroimaging has also been greatly improved by recent developments in nanoparticles (NPs). For instance, near-infrared absorbing NPs greatly enhanced the vascular contrast in deep-brain PAT; tumor-targeting NPs allowed highly sensitive and highly specific delineation of brain tumors; and multifunctional NPs enabled comprehensive examination of the brain through multimodal imaging. We aim to give an overview of NPs used in PA neuroimaging. Classifications of various NPs used in PAT will be introduced at the beginning, followed by an overview of PA neuroimaging systems, and finally we will discuss major applications of NPs in PA neuroimaging and highlight representative studies.
Detection of <scp>L</scp>‐DNA‐Tagged PCR Products by Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging (2006)

Single strand stands out. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with a primer containing a mirror image DNA (L-DNA) sequence tag at the 5′-end produced an L-DNA duplex labeled with a single strand of L-DNA of defined sequence. The PCR products could be directly detected on the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) imaging array where the complementary L-DNA sequences were immobilized.
Modeling a Large-Scale Nonlinear System Using Adaptive Takagi−Sugeno Fuzzy Model on PCA Subspace (2006)

A data-driven Takagi−Sugeno fuzzy model is developed for modeling a real plant situation with the dependent inputs and the nonlinear and time-varying input−output relation. The collinearity of inputs can be eliminated through the principal component analysis. The TS model split the operating regions into a collection of IF−THEN rules. For each rule, the premise is generated from clustering the compressed input data, and the consequence is represented as a linear model. A post-update algorithm for model parameters is also proposed to accommodate the time-varying nature. Effectiveness of the proposed model is demonstrated using real plant data from a polyethylene process.
Molecular Complex Composed of β-Cyclodextrin-Grafted Chitosan and pH-Sensitive Amphipathic Peptide for Enhancing Cellular Cholesterol Efflux under Acidic pH (2015)

Excess of cholesterol in peripheral cells is known to lead to atherosclerosis. In this study, a molecular complex composed of β-cyclodextrin-grafted chitosan (BCC) and cellular cholesterol efflux enhancing peptide (CEEP), synthesized by modifying pH sensitive amphipathic GALA peptide, is introduced with the eventual aim of treating atherosclerosis. BCC has a markedly enhanced ability to induce cholesterol efflux from cell membranes compared to β-cyclodextrin, and the BCC-CEEP complex exhibited a 2-fold increase in cellular cholesterol efflux compared to BCC alone under weakly acidic conditions. Isothermal titration calorimetry and fluorescence spectroscopy measurements demonstrated that the random coil structure of CEEP at neutral pH converted to the α-helical structure at acidic pH, resulting in a three-order larger binding constant to BCC (K = 3.7 × 10(7) at pH 5.5) compared to that at pH 7.4 (K = 7.9 × 10(4)). Such high-affinity binding of CEEP to BCC at acidic pH leads to the formation of 100-nm-sized aggregate with positive surface charge, which would efficiently interact with cell membranes and induce cholesterol efflux. Since the cholesterol efflux ability of HDL is thought to be impaired under acidic environments in advanced atherosclerotic lesions, the BCC-CEEP complex might serve as a novel nanomaterial for treating atherosclerosis.
Interferential therapy: a new treatment for slow transit constipation. A pilot study in adults (2012)

IFT is a new non-invasive treatment for slow transit constipation. Further studies to confirm these results with longer follow-up are necessary.
Absence makes the heart grow fonder: new directions for implantable medical device security (2008)

A fundamental tension exists between safety in the common case and security under adversarial conditions for wireless implantable medical devices. We propose a class of new, fail-open defensive techniques for implantable medical devices that attempt to strike a balance between these two goals. We refer to these defensive techniques as Communication Cloakers. Cloakers are externally worn devices, much like computational Medical Alert bracelets. Cloakers protect the security of an IMD when worn, but allow for open access during emergencies if removed. 1
Low-complexity mode-dependent KLT for block-based intra coding (2011)

Applying mode-dependent separable transforms, e.g., mode- dependent directional transform (MDDT), is an effective method for improving transform coding of intra prediction residuals. However, two transform matrices typically need to be stored for each intra prediction mode. By using a simple image correlation mode, we have previously derived and proposed a simplified mode-dependent separable transforms scheme that uses a combination of two well-known trans- forms: Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and Discrete Sine Transform (DST). In this paper, we propose an orthogonal 4-point integer DST that has a multiplier-less implementation consisting of only adds and bit-shifts. We also propose a simple set of mode-dependent scans for coefficient coding that can be used on top of mode-dependent transforms. Our experimental results on the current HEVC reference software show that in terms of coding efficiency, our proposed approach has comparable performance to MDDT. More importantly, compared to MDDT, our approach requires no training and has lower computational and storage costs.
Flavonoids: Hemisynthesis, Reactivity, Characterization and Free Radical Scavenging Activity (2007)

Phenolic compounds form one of the main classes of secondary metabolites. They display a large range of structures and they are responsible for the major organoleptic characteristics of plant-derived-foods and beverages, particularly color and taste properties and they also contribute to the nutritional qualities of fruits and vegetables. Phenolic compounds are also highly unstable compounds which undergo numerous enzymatic and chemical reactions during postharvest food storage and processing thus adding to the complexity of plant polyphenol composition. Among these compounds flavonoids constitute one of the most ubiquitous groups of all plant phenolics. Owing to their importance in food organoleptic properties and in human health, a better understanding of their structures, their reactivity and chemical properties in addition to the mechanisms generating them appears essential to predict and control food quality. The purpose of this work is an overview of our findings concerning the hemisynthesis, the reactivity and the enzymatic oxidation of some flavonoids and shed light on the mechanisms involved in some of these processes and the structures of the resulting products. The free radical scavenging activity of some of the synthesized compounds is also presented and a structure-activity relationship is discussed. The first part of this review concerns the synthesis and structural characterization of modified monomeric flavanols. The use of these compounds as precursor for the preparation of natural and modified dimeric procyanidin derivatives was then explored through different coupling reactions. The full characterization of the synthesized compounds was achieved by concerted use of NMR and ESI-MS techniques. The free radical scavenging activity of some of the synthesized compounds was investigated. The second part of this review concerns the enzymatic oxidation of several flavonols by Trametes versicolor laccase. Most of the major oxidation products have been isolated as pure compounds and their structures unambiguously established through spectroscopic methods. Correlation between the structure of the oxidation product and the substitution pattern of the starting materials allows mechanistic features of this transformation to be elucidated.
Electrochemical synthesis and characterization of poly(pyrrole‐<i>co</i>‐ε‐caprolactone) conducting copolymer (2009)

Abstract The direct electrochemical copolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and ε‐caprolactone at various monomer ratios was carried out by potentiostatic methods in nitromethane. Characterizations of the novel copolymer were based on scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermal gravimetrical analysis, cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and elemental analysis studies. The results showed that the electrochemical oxidation of Py and ε‐caprolactone comonomers generated true copolymers rather than blends of the two homopolymers. The electrical conductivity of the copolymers increased with the amount of polypyrrole in the copolymer between the value of 8.2 S/cm and 0.6 S/cm. A probable mechanism of copolymerization was proposed. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Some Basic Data Structures and Algorithms for Chemical Generic Programming (2004)

Here, we report a template library used for molecular operation, the Molecular Handling Template Library (MHTL). The library includes some generic data structures and generic algorithms, and the two parts are associated with each other by two concepts: Properties and Molecule. The concept Properties describes the interface to access objects' properties, and the concept Molecule describes the minimum requirement for a molecular class. Data structures include seven models of Properties, each using a different method to access properties, and two models of molecular classes. Algorithms include molecular file manipulation subroutines, SMARTS language interpreter and matcher functions, and molecular OpenGL rendering functions.
Extraction and classification of visual motion patterns for hand gesture recognition (2002)

We present a new method for extracting and classifying motion patterns to recognize hand gestures. First, motion segmentation of the image sequence is generated based on a multiscale transform and attributed graph matching of regions across frames. This produces region correspondences and their affine transformations. Second, color information of motion regions is used to determine skin regions. Third, human head and palm regions are identified based on the shape and size of skin areas in motion. Finally, affine transformations defining a region's motion between successive frames are concatenated to construct the region's motion trajectory. Gestural motion trajectories are then classified by a time-delay neural network trained with backpropagation learning algorithm. Our experimental results show that hand gestures can be recognized well using motion patterns.
Design and Prototyping of a New Balancing Mechanism for Spatial Parallel Manipulators (2008)

Abstract This paper proposes a new solution to the problem of torque minimization of spatial parallel manipulators. The suggested approach involves connecting a secondary mechanical system to the initial structure, which generates a vertical force applied to the manipulator platform. Two versions of the added force are considered: constant and variable. The conditions for optimization are formulated by the minimization of the root-mean-square values of the input torques. The positioning errors of the unbalanced and balanced parallel manipulators are provided. It is shown that the elastic deformations of the manipulator structure, which are due to the payload, change the altitude and the inclination of the platform. A significant reduction of these errors is achieved by using the balancing mechanism. The efficiency of the suggested solution is illustrated by numerical simulations and experimental verifications. The prototype of the suggested balancing mechanism for the Delta robot is also presented.
Development of a tongue machine interface for quadriplegic patients (2017)

This article presents the development and validation of a wheelchair mobility solution. The solution is based on a Tongue Machine Interface (TMI) involving the use of Force Sensing Resistors (FSRs). The semantics and functionality of the development are compared with two other interfaces: a Joystick and a Brain Computer Interface (BCI) implemented on the same wheelchair. Each development is described from the electric, mechanic and informatic domains. Surveys and user’s tests were performed in order to explore which technology had a more positive impact on the mobility of quadriplegic persons in terms of effectiveness, better ergonomics, lower costs and better functionality. The quantitative and qualitative results are described and analyzed.
A tetracyclic diamine alkaloid, halicyclamine A, from the marine sponge Haliclona sp (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA tetracyclic diamine alkaloid, halicyclamine A, from the marine sponge Haliclona spMarcel Jaspars, Vinayagar Pasupathy, and Phillip CrewsCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 12, 3253–3255Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00091a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00091a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views622Altmetric-Citations87LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts