gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Power management for throughput enhancement in wireless ad-hoc networks (2002)

We introduce the notion of power management within the context of wireless ad-hoc networks. More specifically, we investigate the effects of using different transmit powers on the average power consumption and end-to-end network throughput in a wireless ad-hoc environment. This power management approach would help in reducing the system power consumption and hence prolonging the battery life of mobile nodes. Furthermore, it improves the end-to-end network throughput as compared to other ad-hoc networks in which all mobile nodes use the same transmit power. The improvement is due to the achievement of a tradeoff between minimizing interference ranges, reduction in the average number of hops to reach a destination, reducing the probability of having isolated clusters, and reducing the average number of transmissions (including retransmissions due to collisions). The protocols would first dynamically determine an optimal connectivity range wherein they adapt their transmit powers so as to only reach a subset of the nodes in the network. The connectivity range would then be dynamically changed in a distributed manner so as to achieve the near optimal throughput. Minimal power routing is used to further enhance performance. Simulation studies are carried out in order to investigate these design approaches. It is seen a network with such a power managed scheme would achieve a better end-to-end throughput performance (about 10% improvement with a slotted aloha MAC protocol) and lower transmit power (about an 80% Improvement) than a network without such a scheme.
A current-based solution for transformer differential protection. II. Relay description and evaluation (2002)

For pt.I see ibid., vol.16, p.485-91 (2001). This paper describes a new approach for transformer differential protection that ensures security for external faults, inrush, and overexcitation conditions and provides dependability for internal faults. This approach combines harmonic restraint and blocking methods with a wave-shape recognition technique. We compare in the paper the behavior of some traditional transformer protection methods to that of the new method for real cases of magnetizing inrush conditions.
Efficient modification of <i>CCR5</i> in primary human hematopoietic cells using a megaTAL nuclease and AAV donor template (2015)

Genetic mutations or engineered nucleases that disrupt the HIV co-receptor CCR5 block HIV infection of CD4(+) T cells. These findings have motivated the engineering of CCR5-specific nucleases for application as HIV therapies. The efficacy of this approach relies on efficient biallelic disruption of CCR5, and the ability to efficiently target sequences that confer HIV resistance to the CCR5 locus has the potential to further improve clinical outcomes. We used RNA-based nuclease expression paired with adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated delivery of a CCR5-targeting donor template to achieve highly efficient targeted recombination in primary human T cells. This method consistently achieved 8 to 60% rates of homology-directed recombination into the CCR5 locus in T cells, with over 80% of cells modified with an MND-GFP expression cassette exhibiting biallelic modification. MND-GFP-modified T cells maintained a diverse repertoire and engrafted in immune-deficient mice as efficiently as unmodified cells. Using this method, we integrated sequences coding chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) into the CCR5 locus, and the resulting targeted CAR T cells exhibited antitumor or anti-HIV activity. Alternatively, we introduced the C46 HIV fusion inhibitor, generating T cell populations with high rates of biallelic CCR5 disruption paired with potential protection from HIV with CXCR4 co-receptor tropism. Finally, this protocol was applied to adult human mobilized CD34(+) cells, resulting in 15 to 20% homologous gene targeting. Our results demonstrate that high-efficiency targeted integration is feasible in primary human hematopoietic cells and highlight the potential of gene editing to engineer T cell products with myriad functional properties.
Power Ultrasound Assisted Mixing Effects on Bread Physical Properties (2014)

Power ultrasound was applied during in-situ bread dough mixing process at power level of 1.00, 1.50, 2.05 and 2.50 kW for time durations of 10, 20, 30 and 40 min. Well mixed doughs were subjected to standard proofing and baking processes where physical properties of bread like mass, volume and density were investigated. Power ultrasound significantly (P < 0.05) altered the physical properties of bread with bread volume increase by 19%, while bread mass and density reduced by 2.1% and 17%, respectively at maximum ultrasound power of 2.50 kW for exposure of 40 min.
Nanoskyscrapers of ferroelectric Bi4Ti3O12 (2006)

Self-assembled nanoskyscrapers of ferroelectric Bi4Ti3O12 were fabricated by a bottom-up process: flux-mediated epitaxy using an admixture flux. By combinatorial technique, we have discovered a novel flux, VOx, to assist the unique crystal growth for the in-plane alignment of the long c axis of Bi4Ti3O12 on a SrTiO3(001) substrate. We report on the self-assembly of an isolated epitaxial (110)-oriented Bi4Ti3O12 nanoplate and the direct measurement of the piezoelectric properties by a scanning probe microscope technique. Piezoelectric lattice displacement showed a typical butterfly curve, indicating good ferroelectric property.
General and Modular Strategy for Designing Potent, Selective, and Pharmacologically Compliant Inhibitors of Rhomboid Proteases (2017)

Rhomboid-family intramembrane proteases regulate important biological processes and have been associated with malaria, cancer, and Parkinson's disease. However, due to the lack of potent, selective, and pharmacologically compliant inhibitors, the wide therapeutic potential of rhomboids is currently untapped. Here, we bridge this gap by discovering that peptidyl α-ketoamides substituted at the ketoamide nitrogen by hydrophobic groups are potent rhomboid inhibitors active in the nanomolar range, surpassing the currently used rhomboid inhibitors by up to three orders of magnitude. Such peptidyl ketoamides show selectivity for rhomboids, leaving most human serine hydrolases unaffected. Crystal structures show that these compounds bind the active site of rhomboid covalently and in a substrate-like manner, and kinetic analysis reveals their reversible, slow-binding, non-competitive mechanism. Since ketoamides are clinically used pharmacophores, our findings uncover a straightforward modular way for the design of specific inhibitors of rhomboid proteases, which can be widely applicable in cell biology and drug discovery.
Navigating the Color Palette of Solution-Processable Electrochromic Polymers (2010)

Solution-processable electrochromic (EC) polymers that can be switched from one distinct color state to a highly transmissive and near colorless state are required for applications in both EC windows and displays. Using a tour around the color wheel, we describe the various EC polymer (ECP) compositions that now make a full palette of colors available demonstrating a set of structure−property relationships. Electrochemical and electrochromic characterization methodologies are described and their application to ECPs demonstrated. Processing and patterning methods including spray casting, screen-, flexo-, and ink jet printing, along with photo- and soft lithography are described. Absorptive/transmissive (window type) and absorptive/reflective (display type) devices are described as platforms for practical applications.
Organic Thin‐Film Lasers: Quasi‐Continuous‐Wave Organic Thin‐Film Distributed Feedback Laser (Advanced Optical Materials 6/2016) (2016)

A second-order surface-emitting distributed feedback organic laser using 4,4′-bis[(N-carbazole)styryl]biphenyl thin film as gain medium is fabricated and tested in the quasi-continuous-wave (quasi-cw) regime by A. S. D. Sandanayaka, C. Adachi, and co-workers on page 834. The device shows superior lasing properties with a low threshold and still operates properly at a repetition rate as high as 8 MHz. This represents the best performance ever reported among quasi-continuous-wave organic solid-state lasers.
Technology Transfer Opportunities: Automated Ground-Water Monitoring (1997)

Introduction A new automated ground-water monitoring system developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) measures and records values of selected water-quality properties and constituents using protocols approved for manual sampling. Prototypes using the automated process have demonstrated the ability to increase the quantity and quality of data collected and have shown the potential for reducing labor and material costs for ground-water quality data collection. Automation of water-quality monitoring systems in the field, in laboratories, and in industry have increased data density and utility while reducing operating costs. Uses for an automated ground-water monitoring system include, (but are not limited to) monitoring ground-water quality for research, monitoring known or potential contaminant sites, such as near landfills, underground storage tanks, or other facilities where potential contaminants are stored, and as an early warning system monitoring groundwater quality near public water-supply wells.
Conformational antigenic determinants generated by interactions between a bacterially expressed recombinant peptide of the hepatitis E virus structural protein (2001)

A 23 kDa peptide locating to amino acid residues 394 to 604 of the major Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) structural protein was expressed in E. coli. This peptide was found to interact naturally with one another to form homodimers and it was recognized strongly and commonly in its dimeric form by HEV reactive human sera. The antigenic activity associated with the dimeric form was abrogated when the dimer was dissociated into monomer and the activity was reconstituted after the monomer was re-associated into dimer again. The dimeric form of the peptide elicited a vigorous antibody response in experimental animals and the resulting antisera were found to cross-react against HEV, effecting an efficient immune capture of the virus. These results attributed the antigenic activity associated with the dimeric form of the peptide to conformational antigenic determinants generated as a result of interaction between the peptide molecules. It is suggested that some of these antigenic determinants may be expressed by the HEV capsid and raised the possibility of this bacterially expressed peptide as an HEV vaccine candidate.
Structure and Formation of the Gelatin Gel (1975)

It was the aim of the present work to investigate the elastically active elements of gelatin gels. There have been several attempts2-5 to convert quantities which change during the course of gelation in the concentration of elastically active clements of the network. All these attempt have in common that the conversion of the reaction coordinate is not bascd on the knowledge of the resulting structure of the gel but merely the benefit of a convenient mathematical formalism suggested an application.The molecular characterization of the gelatin was established by gel permeation chromatography, gel electrophoresis and the measuremen t of light scattering.The structural elements of the gelatin gel were made visible by two independent mcthods of prcparation: ncgative staining and freeze etching. The resulting samples wcrc investigated with the transmission clectron microscope. The fibrous-associationtype structure of the gelatin gel was further morc quantitatively de. eribed by thc measurement of permeation of water through the gel network.The process of gelation was followed with thc oseillating cup viscosimetcr. This mcthod was espccially sensitive for the detection of the first elastically active network.It could be shown tha t only a distinct part of the gelatin is converted into elastically active elements. Some crude correlntion were found between the thickness and number of elastically active fibrills on the one hand and the parameter of gelation e.g., sctting temperature, gelatin concentration and the duration of conditioning on the other hand.
A Chemical Route to BiNbO <sub>4</sub> Ceramics (2008)

The liquid phase sintering of fine BiNbO 4 powders allows to obtain dense ceramics with excellent microwave dielectric properties (ɛ=44–46; Q × f =16,500–21,600 GHz) at T ≥700°C. The thermal decomposition of freeze‐dried precursors results in the crystallization of a metastable β′‐BiNbO 4 polymorph that transforms into a stable orthorhombic α‐modification at T ≥700°C. The dependence of sinterability on the powder synthesis temperature shows the maximum at 600°C, corresponding to the formation of crystalline BiNbO 4 powders with a grain size 80–100 nm. Sintering temperature reduction to 700°C prevents the deterioration of silver contacts during co‐firing with BiNbO 4 ceramics. In situ scanning electron microscopy observation of the morphological evolution during sintering shows that the intense shrinkage soon after the appearance of a CuO–V 2 O 5 eutectics‐based liquid phase is accompanied by complete transformation of the ensemble of primary BiNbO 4 particles.
Pre-processing of high-dimensional categorical predictors in classification settings (2003)

Models in industrial applications can encounter categorical predictors with a large number of categories (hundreds or thousands). An example is the lot identifier of product in semiconductor manufacturing. Such variables represent a serious problem for practically all modern classification techniques. The goal is an efficient, computationally fast way to discover a small number of natural partitions of values for such variables that have similar statistical properties in terms of categorical response. Such partitions (interesting by itself) can be used then as an input to standard learning algorithms, such as decision trees, support vector machines, etc. The proposed approach introduces a data transformation on derived sparse frequency tables. Application of even simplest non-hierarchical metric clustering method to the transformed coordinates shows significant improvement both in speed and quality of partition in comparison to currently used methods.
Using fluorescent sensors to detect botulinum neurotoxin activity <i>in vitro</i> and in living cells (2004)

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) act as zinc-dependent endopeptidases that cleave proteins required for neurotransmitter release. To detect toxin activity, fragments of the toxin substrate proteins, synaptobrevin (Syb) or synaptosome-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25), were used to link cyan fluorescent protein (CFP) to yellow fluorescent protein (YFP). Cleavage of these fusion proteins by BoNTs abolished fluorescence resonance energy transfer between the CFP and YFP, providing a sensitive means to detect toxin activity in real-time in vitro. Furthermore, using full-length SNAP-25 and Syb as the linkers, we report two fluorescent biosensors that can detect toxin activity within living cells. Cleavage of the SNAP-25 fusion protein abolished fluorescence resonance energy transfer between CFP and YFP, and cleavage of Syb resulted in spatial redistribution of YFP fluorescence in cells. This approach provides a means to carry out cell-based screening of toxin inhibitors and to study toxin activity in situ. By using these biosensors, we found that the subcellular localizations of SNAP-25 and Syb are critical for efficient cleavage by BoNT/A and B, respectively.
Spherical lesion phantoms for testing the performance of elastography systems (2005)

A set of three cubic one-litre phantoms containing spherical simulated lesions was produced for use in comparing lesion detection performance of different elastography systems. The materials employed are known to be stable in heterogeneous configurations regarding geometry and elastic contrast identical with (storage modulus of lesion material) / (storage modulus of background material), and regarding ultrasound and NMR properties. The materials mimic soft tissues in terms of elastic, ultrasound and NMR properties. Each phantom has only one value of elastic contrast (3.3, 4.6 or 5.5) and contains arrays of 1.6 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm and 4 mm diameter spherical simulated lesions. All the spheres of a given diameter are arranged in a regular array with coplanar centres. Elastograms of an array made with ultrasound allow determination of the depth range over which lesions of that diameter and elastic contrast can be detected. Two phantoms are made from agar-plus-gelatin-based materials, and one is made from oil-in-gelatin dispersions. The methods for producing the phantoms are described in detail. Lesion detection performances for two ultrasound systems, both operating at about 7.5 MHz and focused at about 5 cm, were quantified with distinctions between the two systems demonstrated. Neither system was capable of detecting any of the 1.6 mm lesions. Phantoms such as these should be useful in research labs that are refining hardware and/or software for elastography.
IMCT-09WT1 PEPTIDE VACCINATION FOR GLIOMAS; SURVIVALS, BIOMARKERS AND RESPONSE ASSESSMENT (2015)

We have completed two clinical trials on WT1 peptide vaccination against gliomas; phase II trial for recurrent ones (Izumoto, Hashimoto et al., J Neurosurg, 2008) and phase I trial for newly diagnosed glioblastomas focusing on the safe combination with temozolomide (Hashimoto et al., Cancer Immunol Immunother, 2015). Although patients' survival data have been shown in the past SNO meetings, recently updated data for longer follow-up period will be presented. Especially, WT1 vaccination combined with Stupp regimen in the latter trial against glioblastomas produced progression free survival over 48 months in 5 of 7 patients recruited. Subsequent analyses from those trials revealed some immunological and non-immunological biomarkers on response to the vaccination. High level of WT1 protein and HLA class I expression on tumor cells were predictive of longer survival. Immunologically, increased WT1-specific T cells and WT1 antibody in peripheral blood after the vaccination were also predictive, and positive change of delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) within 3 months from the start of vaccination was also a biomarker; those should rather be thought as “proof of concept” of this immunotherapy. Samples from 20 non-responders who required surgical intervention after vaccination revealed that tumor cells might have escaped from immunological attack by decreasing WT1 and HLA expression, by comparing with pre-vaccination samples in the same patients. On the response assessment, we reported that methionine PET was more accurate than enhancing MRI, when assuming survivals (Chiba, Hashimoto et al., J Neurosurg, 2012). Among MRI-based response assessments of RECIST, Macdonald, immune-related response criteria (irRC) and RANO, our analyses using 60 patients have revealed that RANO was the most appropriate surrogate of survivals in early phase, although more accurate criteria specific to immunotherapy on brain tumors were warranted.
Sandramycin, a novel antitumor antibiotic produced by a Nocardioides sp. Production, isolation, characterization and biological properties. (1989)

A new antitumor antibiotic, sandramycin, was isolated from cultured broth of a Nocardioides sp. (ATCC 39419) and purified by solvent partition and column chromatography. Sandramycin, a new depsipeptide, was moderately active in vitro against Gram-positive organisms and in vivo against leukemia P388 in mice.
Molecular recognition for electronic noses using surface acoustic wave immunoassay sensors (2002)

In this paper, we present the results of a series of experiments on vapor phase surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors using a layer of antibodies as the chemically sensitive film. For these experiments, the sensor component was a ST-quartz resonator with a center frequency of approximately 250 MHz. Anti-FITC antibodies were attached to the electrodes on the device surface via a protein-A crosslinker. SAW resonator devices with various coatings were mounted in TO-8 packages, inserted into a sensor head module and subjected to various fluorescent analyte gases. Numerous controls were performed including the use of coated and uncoated devices along with devices coated with antibodies which were not specific for the target analyte. The SAW immunosensor response was monitored and a baseline frequency shift was observed when the analyte being presented was the antigen for the immobilized antibody. To provide an independent measure of antibody/antigen binding, the devices were removed from the sensor head, washed with a buffer solution to remove any unbound analyte, and then inspected using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). Since all the analytes being used in these experiments were fluorescent, this afforded us the opportunity to visualize the attachment of the analyte to the antibody film. Given the high resolution of the CLSM, we were able to identify the location of the attachment of the fluorescent analytes relative to the 1.5 /spl mu/m wide electrodes of the SAW device. We believe that these experiments demonstrate that we have achieved real time molecular recognition of these small molecules in the vapor phase.
Projected state machine coverage for software testing (2002)

Our research deals with test generation for software based on finite state machine (FSM) models of the program specification. We describe a set of coverage criteria and testing constraints for use in the automatic generation of test suites. We also describe the algorithms used to generate test suites based on these coverage criteria, and the implementation of these algorithms as an extension of the Murφ model checker[4]. The coverage criteria are simple but powerful in that they generate test suites of high quality and moderate volume, without requiring the user to have a sophisticated grasp of the test generation technology. The testing constraints are used to combat the endemic problem of state explosion, typically encountered in FSM techniques. We illustrate our techniques on several well-known problems from the literature and describe two industrial trials, to demonstrate the validity of our claims.
Fully Supervised Speaker Diarization (2019)

In this paper, we propose a fully supervised speaker diarization approach, named unbounded interleaved-state recurrent neural networks (UIS-RNN). Given extracted speaker-discriminative embeddings (a.k.a. d-vectors) from input utterances, each individual speaker is modeled by a parameter-sharing RNN, while the RNN states for different speakers interleave in the time domain. This RNN is naturally integrated with a distance-dependent Chinese restaurant process (ddCRP) to accommodate an unknown number of speakers. Our system is fully supervised and is able to learn from examples where time-stamped speaker labels are annotated. We achieved a 7.6% diarization error rate on NIST SRE 2000 CALLHOME, which is better than the state-of-the-art method using spectral clustering. Moreover, our method decodes in an online fashion while most state-of-the-art systems rely on offline clustering.