gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Free-Form Flexible Lithium-Ion Microbattery (2016)

Wearable electronics need miniaturized, safe, and flexible power sources. Lithium-ion battery is a strong candidate as high performance flexible battery. The development of flexible materials for battery electrodes suffers from the limited material choices. In this paper, we present integration strategy to rationally design materials and processes to report flexible inorganic lithium-ion microbattery with no restrictions on the materials used. The battery shows an enhanced normalized capacity of 147 μAh/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> when bent.
Optical transmittance of multilayer graphene (2014)

We study the optical transmittance of multilayer graphene films up to 65 layers thick. By combing large-scale tight-binding simulation and optical measurement on CVD multilayer graphene, the optical transmission through graphene films in the visible region is found to be solely determined by the number of graphene layers. We argue that the optical transmittance measurement is more reliable in the determination of the number of layers than the commonly used Raman Spectroscopy. Moreover, optical transmittance measurement can be applied also to other 2D materials with weak van der Waals interlayer interaction.
A New Asymmetrical Array Induction Logging Tool (2006)

Abstract While array induction tools are fast approaching the 20 year mark for commercial service, a few nagging questions persist in the minds of induction tool designers. These questions relate to some of the compromises in hardware design and data processing that were necessary in the previous generation of tools. These compromises can give rise to various uncertainties in the data that ultimately degrade log responses. A new array induction tool has been designed that addresses these issues. All array induction tools promise radial resistivity curves with focal depths ranging from 10 inches up to 120 inches. However, few users are familiar with the potential uncertainty that stems from the design of the fundamental sub-arrays. In the new tool, dedicated sub-arrays are closely associated with each computed radial curve. By doing so, the new tool produces radial curves with a minimum of extrapolation. The payoff for the user is more accurate radial resistivity curves and a higher fidelity description of the formation and the near wellbore environment. This paper also describes the progress made in calibration methods and correction for thermal effects. While these subjects typically receive little attention in the literature, they are critical to the accuracy and repeatability of array induction measurements. The rigorous calibration method described in this paper assures accuracy across a large population of tools and also insures insensitivity to the calibration environment. The complexity and magnitude of thermal effects on array induction tools is examined alongside a robust, thermodynamic method for correcting them. Finally, several other methodologies are highlighted. A skin effect correction method uses only the in-phase signal measurements and corrects for the skin effect in the aspect of the apparent conductivity value and in the aspect of geometric factors as well. A real time borehole correction method computes the borehole effect with adaptively inverted borehole size, tool eccentricity, and mud resistivity. A new inversion methodology improves the efficiency and stability of the realtime radial inversion.
Effectiveness of rectal indomethacin in the prevention of acute pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in unselected patients (2020)

rectal indomethacin does not appear to decrease the risk of developing PEP in unselected patients.
Physics of diagnostic imaging (1998)

Endocrine tumours - F. Askin Neuroblastoma, PNET and associated tumours - F. Askin Gastrointestinal tract tumours - R. Jaffe and B. Newman Pancreatic tumours (endocrine and exocrine) - R. Jaffe and B. Newman Tumours of the skin and soft tissues (excluding muscle) - P. Dehner Germ cell tumours and tumours of the ovaries and testes - P. Dehner Renal tumours - P. Beckwith Tumours of the lymphoid system - G. Frizzera Retinoblastoma - J. Campbell CNS tumours - S. O'Laughlin and B. Scheithauer Bone tumours - G. Siegal Muscle tumours - G. Siegal Liver tumours - J.T. Stocker Lung tumours - J T Stocker.
Physical properties and dissolution profiles of acetaminophen and acetylsalicyclic acid tablets made from sucrose-based vehicles. (1981)

Di-pae, Sugartab and Nu-Tab were used as direct compressible vehicles for acetaminophen and acetylsalicylic acid tablets. Direct compressible grades on lactose and Avicel were used as vehicles for comparison. Three different packing fractions were employed for tabletting acetaminophen and acetylsalicylic acid. The physical properties and dissolution characteristics of the prepared tablets depend on their packing fraction i.e. the mechanical strength, and disintegration and dissolution time are lowest at the lowest packing fraction and vice versa. It was found that the time required for maximum dissolution rate (t90) of drug was usually longer than the disintegration times of tablets and also t90 of acetylsalicylic acid was found to be faster than that of acetaminophen with all tested vehicles.
Steaming of Red Oak Prior to Kiln-Drying: Effects on Moisture Movement (1989)

On etudie les effets d'un traitement a la vapeur du bois de chene avant sechage a l'etuve sur sa teneur initiale en humidite, la distribution de l'humidite, et la vitesse de sechage. On observe une acceleration du sechage
The effect of ultrasound on <i>Escherichia coli</i> viability (1996)

The effect of continuous-wave ultrasound on the viability of Escherichia coli HB101 was assessed using a 20 kHz ultrasonic processor. A standardised cell suspension of fixed concentration was used to investigate the influence of different physical and environmental conditions on ultrasound susceptibility. Cell viability decreased exponentially with time at different intensities of ultrasound. Increasing intensity caused a decrease in decimal reduction times. Loss of cell viability occurred primarily from the mechanical effects of ultrasound rather than free radical damage. E. coli susceptibility was also shown to vary with growth conditions, whereby cells cultivated either on agar or harvested from the stationary phase of liquid culture were significantly more susceptible to ultrasound than an equivalent population obtained from the exponential phase of liquid growth. The implication of these results is discussed in relation to the use of ultrasound as a novel means of bacterial transformation.
Prediction of heart rate changes from speech features during interaction with a misbehaving dialog system (2015)

Most research on detecting a speaker’s cognitive state when interacting with a dialog system has been based on selfreports, or on hand-coded subjective judgments based on audio or audio-visual observations. This study examines two questions: (1) how do undesirable system responses affect people physiologically, and (2) to what extent can we predict physiological changes from the speech signal alone? To address these questions, we use a new corpus of simultaneous speech and high-quality physiological recordings in the product returns domain (the SRI BioFrustration Corpus). “Triggers” were used to frustrate users at specific times during the interaction to produce emotional responses at similar times during the experiment across participants. For each of eight return tasks per participant, we compared speaker-normalized pre-trigger (cooperative system behavior) regions to posttrigger (uncooperative system behavior) regions. Results using random forest classifiers show that changes in spectral and temporal features of speech can predict heart rate changes with an accuracy of ~70%. Implications for future research and applications are discussed.
Acyl-Lipid Metabolism (2010)

Acyl lipids in Arabidopsis and all other plants have a myriad of diverse functions. These include providing the core diffusion barrier of the membranes that separates cells and subcellular organelles. This function alone involves more than 10 membrane lipid classes, including the phospholipids, galactolipids, and sphingolipids, and within each class the variations in acyl chain composition expand the number of structures to several hundred possible molecular species. Acyl lipids in the form of triacylglycerol account for 35% of the weight of Arabidopsis seeds and represent their major form of carbon and energy storage. A layer of cutin and cuticular waxes that restricts the loss of water and provides protection from invasions by pathogens and other stresses covers the entire aerial surface of Arabidopsis. Similar functions are provided by suberin and its associated waxes that are localized in roots, seed coats, and abscission zones and are produced in response to wounding. This chapter focuses on the metabolic pathways that are associated with the biosynthesis and degradation of the acyl lipids mentioned above. These pathways, enzymes, and genes are also presented in detail in an associated website (ARALIP: http://aralip.plantbiology.msu.edu/). Protocols and methods used for analysis of Arabidopsis lipids are provided. Finally, a detailed summary of the composition of Arabidopsis lipids is provided in three figures and 15 tables.
Practical Techniques in Cryoballoon Ablation: How to Isolate Inferior Pulmonary Veins (2018)

Catheter ablation is the most effective treatment option for patients suffering from symptomatic atrial fibrillation. Electrical isolation of the pulmonary veins is the procedural cornerstone. Point-by-point radiofrequency current energy ablation in combination with a 3D electro-anatomical mapping system is the established approach to ablation. In contrast, cryoballoon ablation uses a single-shot approach to facilitate pulmonary vein isolation. However, fixed cryoballoon diameters (28 mm or 23 mm) and non-balloon compliance can lead to technical difficulties in isolating variable pulmonary vein anatomies. This review focuses on key procedural aspects and illustrates practical techniques in cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation to shorten the learning curve without compromising safety and efficacy. It has a special emphasis on inferior pulmonary veins.
Geometric shock-capturing ENO schemes for subpixel interpolation, computation, and curve evolution (2002)

Subpixel interpolation methods often use local surface fits or structural models in a local neighborhood to obtain the interpolated curve. Whereas their performance is good in smooth regions of the curve, it is typically poor in the vicinity of singularities. Similarly, when geometric estimates are regularized, discontinuities are often blurred over, leading to poor estimates in their vicinity. We propose a geometric interpolation technique to overcome these limitations by: 1) not blurring across discontinuities, and 2) explicitly and accurately placing them. The essential idea is to prevent the propagation of information across singularities by explicitly placing a "shock"; information is only allowed to propagate from the smoother side. The placement of shocks is guided by geometric continuity constraints, resulting in subpixel interpolation with accurate geometric estimates. The interpolations are shown to be better than spline-like interpolations in smooth regions, and far better in discontinuous ones. We demonstrate the usefulness of the technique in capturing not only smooth evolving curves, but also discontinuous ones, even when multiple or entire curves are present in the same pixel.
A cancer-associated DNA polymerase δ variant modeled in yeast causes a catastrophic increase in genomic instability (2009)

Accurate DNA synthesis by the replicative DNA polymerases alpha, delta, and epsilon is critical for genome stability in eukaryotes. In humans, over 20 SNPs were reported that result in amino-acid changes in Poldelta or Polepsilon. In addition, Poldelta variants were found in colon-cancer cell lines and in sporadic colorectal carcinomas. Using the yeast-model system, we examined the functional consequences of two cancer-associated Poldelta mutations and four polymorphisms affecting well-conserved regions of Poldelta or Polepsilon. We show that the R696W substitution in Poldelta (analog of the R689W change in the human cancer-cell line DLD-1) is lethal in haploid and homozygous diploid yeast. The cell death results from a catastrophic increase in spontaneous mutagenesis attributed to low-fidelity DNA synthesis by Poldelta-R696W. Heterozygotes survive, and the mutation rate depends on the relative expression level of wild-type versus mutant alleles. Based on these observations, we propose that the mutation rate in heterozygous human cells could be regulated by transient changes in gene expression leading to a temporary excess of Poldelta-R689W. The similarities between the mutational spectra of the yeast strains producing Poldelta-R696W and DLD-1 cells suggest that the altered Poldelta could be responsible for a significant proportion of spontaneous mutations in this cancer cell line. These results suggest that the highly error-prone Poldelta-R689W could contribute to cancer initiation and/or progression in humans.
DAGs with No Curl: An Efficient DAG Structure Learning Approach (2021)

Recently directed acyclic graph (DAG) structure learning is formulated as a constrained continuous optimization problem with continuous acyclicity constraints and was solved iteratively through subproblem optimization. To further improve efficiency, we propose a novel learning framework to model and learn the weighted adjacency matrices in the DAG space directly. Specifically, we first show that the set of weighted adjacency matrices of DAGs are equivalent to the set of weighted gradients of graph potential functions, and one may perform structure learning by searching in this equivalent set of DAGs. To instantiate this idea, we propose a new algorithm, DAG-NoCurl, which solves the optimization problem efficiently with a two-step procedure: 1) first we find an initial cyclic solution to the optimization problem, and 2) then we employ the Hodge decomposition of graphs and learn an acyclic graph by projecting the cyclic graph to the gradient of a potential function. Experimental studies on benchmark datasets demonstrate that our method provides comparable accuracy but better efficiency than baseline DAG structure learning methods on both linear and generalized structural equation models, often by more than one order of magnitude.
Cloning of murine ferrochelatase. (1991)

Ferrochelatase (protoheme ferro-lyase, EC 4.99.1.1) catalyzes the last step in the heme biosynthetic pathway, the chelation of ferrous iron and protoporphyrin to form heme. The activity of ferrochelatase is deficient in the inherited disease protoporphyria. In this study, murine ferrochelatase cDNAs were obtained by screening cDNA libraries with an oligonucleotide probe. The derived amino acid sequence of murine ferrochelatase has 47% identity with the recently cloned Saccharomyces cerevisiae ferrochelatase, but it is not significantly similar to other published sequences. Results of Southern blotting are consistent with a single murine ferrochelatase gene, while Northern blotting demonstrates two ferrochelatase transcripts in all tissues examined. The ferrochelatase protein and mRNAs have different relative concentrations in different tissues. The cloning of murine ferrochelatase cDNAs provides the basis for future studies on ferrochelatase gene expression and on the identification of the molecular defect in protoporphyria.
Smart grids Part 2: Synchrophasor measurement challenges (2015)

Smart grids pose two sorts of interesting challenges to phasor measurement techniques. The main challenge results from estimating the parameters of voltage and current signals. It has been a hot topic since the advent of the phasor measurement unit (PMU) in the acquisition of synchrophasors of a power system under dynamic conditions. There are several research groups working in this field who have published recent exemplary papers [1]-[4]. They investigated the important role played by the IEEE Synchrophasor Standard [5] in this endeavor. The other incipient problem is the electromechanical mode identification field. In this case, new phasor estimation methods are recently competing with the well-known Prony Method (Chap. 1 of [6]) or the Hilbert- Huang technique (Chap. 2–3 of [6]) to decompose a power oscillation into its dynamic modes.
Study on Standard Cylinder Test Technology and Data Processing Method (2008)

Standard cylinder test technique and data processing method were studied,and new effective techniques of lighting,negative interpretation and data processing for slit scan experiments were established,and the results of displacement,velocity,acceleration and specific kinetic energy of the cylinder wall particle with high precision and abundant information were obtained.VISAR was used to measure the cylinder expansion velocity and displacement simultaneously.The obtained results are consistent with those from slit scan experiments.The testing reliability was further improved.
Bispecific Antibody Pretargeting of Radionuclides for Immuno–Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography and Immuno–Positron Emission Tomography Molecular Imaging: An Update (2007)

Molecular imaging is intended to localize disease based on distinct molecular/functional characteristics. Much of today's interest in molecular imaging is attributed to the increased acceptance and role of 18F-flurodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) imaging in a variety of tumors. The clinical acceptance of 18F-FDG has stimulated research for other positron emission tomography (PET) agents with improved specificity to aid in tumor detection and assessment. In this regard, a number of highly specific antibodies have been described for different cancers. Although scintigraphic imaging with antibodies in the past was helpful in patient management, most antibody-based imaging products have not been able to compete successfully with the sensitivity afforded by 18F-FDG-PET, especially when used in combination with computed tomography. Recently, however, significant advances have been made in reengineering antibodies to improve their targeting properties. Herein, we describe progress being made in using a bispecific antibody pretargeting method for immuno-single-photon emission computed tomography and immunoPET applications, as contrasted to directly radiolabeled antibodies. This approach not only significantly enhances tumor/nontumor ratios but also provides high signal intensity in the tumor, making it possible to visualize micrometastases of colonic cancer as small as 0.1 to 0.2 mm in diameter using an anti-carcinoembryonic antigen bispecific antibody, whereas FDG failed to localize these lesions in a nude mouse model. Early detection of micrometastatic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is also possible using an anti-CD20-based bispecific antibody pretargeting procedure. Thus, this bispecific antibody pretargeting procedure may contribute to tumor detection and could also contribute to the detection of other diseases having distinct antigen targets and suitably specific antibodies.
Energy Analysis of Various Supermarket Refrigeration Systems (2006)

Modeling and analysis work was done on various supermarket refrigeration systems for their energy efficiency, TEWI (Total Equivalent Warming Impact), and annual operating cost.The systems which were modeled in detail include parallel racks, distributed, self-contained, glycol secondary loop, and CO 2 secondary loop (medium temperature) and cascade (low temperature).Based on R404A modeling results, distributed systems with scroll compressors have energy usage 6 to 9% lower than the baseline parallel rack system.On the other hand, selfcontained units with horizontal scroll compressors and water-cooled condensers have energy consumption 11% higher than parallel racks, and glycol fluid secondary loop systems have energy consumption 15% higher than parallel racks.CO 2 secondary loop/cascade systems with propane as primary refrigerant have energy consumption comparable to parallel racks.The CO 2 systems also have low TEWI.
Image Storage and Real-Time Distorted Image Correction by Using Photorefractivity in a Stable Photorefractive Polymer Composite (1999)

Using a highly stable and excellently performed three-component photorefractive (PR) polymer composite, poly(N-vinylcarbazole):1-n-butoxyl-2,5-dimethyl-4-(4'-nitrophenylazo)benzene:2,4,7-trinitro-9-fluorenone, optical image storage was demonstrated. The dark storage time was 5-7 h. The PR response time was measured to be about 200 ms at an intensity of 1 W/cm2 with an applied electric field of 84 V/μm. A proof-of-principle experiment on real-time correction of distorted images based on phase conjugattion of four-wave mixing geometry was also carried out.
Automatic gain and fader control for live mixing (2009)

A cross-adaptive mixing device has been developed for the purpose of optimizing the gain levels of a live audio mixture. The method aims to achieve optimal mixing levels by optimizing the ratios between the loudness of each individual input channel and the overall loudness contained in a stereo mix. In order to evaluate the amount of loudness of each channel in real-time, accumulative statistical measurements were performed. The system uses a cross-adaptive algorithm to map the loudness indicators to the channel gain values. The system has applications in automatic mixing of live music, live mixing of game audio, and studio recording post-production.
Host-guest complexation. 7. The binaphthyl structural unit in host compounds (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHost-guest complexation. 7. The binaphthyl structural unit in host compoundsEvan P. Kyba, George W. Gokel, Feike De Jong, Kenji Koga, Lynn R. Sousa, Merrell G. Siegel, Lester Kaplan, G. Dotsevi Y. Sogah, and Donald J. CramCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 26, 4173–4184Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00862a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00862a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2148Altmetric-Citations223LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts