gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Status of surfactant EOR technology (2015)

Surfactant enhanced oil recovery (EOR) includes surfactant flooding and surfactant stimulation. The main functions of surfactants are to reduce interfacial tension and wettability alteration. This paper is to review the EOR technology related to surfactant injection. The reviewed topics include the following: • Surfactant EOR mechanisms • Factors affecting interfacial tension • Trapping number • Screening criteria • Laboratory work • Numerical simulation work • Summary of pilot and large-scale applications • Surfactants used • Salinity gradient • Surfactant EOR in carbonate reservoirs • Surfactant EOR in shale reservoirs
Growing and Marketing Elderberries in Missouri (2012) (2012)

The American elderberry (Sambucus canadensis, also known as Sambucus nigra subsp. canadensis) is native to much of eastern and midwestern North America. The plant is a medium to large multiple-stemmed shrub, bush or small tree. Elderberry is commonly found growing in a range of habitats throughout Missouri, but it prefers moist, well-drained, sunny sites and is often found along roadside ditches and streams.
Properties of spermatozoa in relation to their elimination after vasectomy (1979)

Sperm disposal and the formation of sperm granulomas are two related critical aspects of vasectomy which have been studied in man and several animal models. Since mammalian spermatozoa present a keratinoid quality, a comparison was made of the resistance of human and rat spermatozoa. When exposed to dithiothreitol and sodium dodecyl sulfate, human sperm decondense readily while rat sperm resist decondensation for long periods of time. A cooperative effect in the rate of decondensation was observed for human sperm but not for rat sperm. Oxidation of sulfhydryl groups renders human spermatozoa as resistant as rat spermatozoa, indicating that disulfide crosslinks are involved in this resistance. Human spermatozoa constitute a heterogeneous population with respect to sulfhydryl group content, suggesting variations in the state of maturation and/or elimination. The sulfhydryl group content of rat epididymal spermatozoa was similar from one cell to another, suggesting little sperm reabsorption in the epididymis. Human and rat spermatozoa differ in size, resistance to decondensing agents, cooperative effect during decondensation, and content and localization of sulfhydryl groups; these differences can explain why vasectomized rats invariably develop huge granulomas while this side effect is not severe in vasectomized men.
On critical point detection of digital shapes (1995)

In this paper, we present a nonlinear algorithm for critical point detection (CPD) of 2D digital shapes. The algorithm eliminates the problems arising from curvature approximation and Gaussian filtering in the existing algorithms. Based on the definition of "critical level," we establish a set of criteria for the design of an effective CPD algorithm for the first time. By quantifying the critical level to the modified area confined by three consecutive "pseudocritical points," a simple but very effective algorithm is developed. The comparison of our experimental results with those of many other CPD algorithms shows that the proposed algorithm is superior in that it provides a sequence of figures at every detail level, and each has a smaller integral error than the others with the same number of critical points. The experimental results on shapes with various complexities also show the algorithm is reliable and robust with regard to noise.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fiber Optic Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring of Air Platforms (2011)

Aircraft operators are faced with increasing requirements to extend the service life of air platforms beyond their designed life cycles, resulting in heavy maintenance and inspection burdens as well as economic pressure. Structural health monitoring (SHM) based on advanced sensor technology is potentially a cost-effective approach to meet operational requirements, and to reduce maintenance costs. Fiber optic sensor technology is being developed to provide existing and future aircrafts with SHM capability due to its unique superior characteristics. This review paper covers the aerospace SHM requirements and an overview of the fiber optic sensor technologies. In particular, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor technology is evaluated as the most promising tool for load monitoring and damage detection, the two critical SHM aspects of air platforms. At last, recommendations on the implementation and integration of FBG sensors into an SHM system are provided.
Real-time visual measurements using high-speed vision (2004)

Real-time image processing at high frame rates could play an important role in various visual measurements. Such image processing can be realized by using a high-speed vision system imaging at high frame rates and having appropriate algorithms processed at high speed. In this paper, we describe two visual measurements using high-speed vision, target counting and rotation measurement. For those measurements, we propose methods utilizing unique features of our high-speed vision system. Both measurements have excellent measurement precision and high flexibility because of high-frame-rate visual observation achievable. Experimental results show the advantages of high-speed vision compared with conventional visual systems.
CD40 and B Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cell Response To Fludarabine: The Influence of NF-kB/Rel Transcription Factors On Chemotherapy-Induced Apoptosis (2000)

The levels of tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R) superfamily members can be altered in lymphoid leukemias, indicating a possible role of such molecules in the biology of these neoplasias. In B chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells, the CD40/CD40L system has been shown to be effective in inhibiting the apoptotic response to fludarabine. The modulation of apoptosis relied on the CD40-induced activity of NF-kappaB/Rel transcription factors. The anti-apoptotic effect of CD40 was abolished using a phosphorothioate kappaB decoy oligodeoxynucleotide. These findings illustrate an example of the biological activity of TNF-R-like molecules in leukemias. They also show the influence of NF-kappaB/Rel activity on leukemic cell response to apoptogenic agents.
EUV mask substrate flatness improvement by laser irradiation (2007)

We demonstrate a new technique for improvement of the flatness of the EUV mask substrate by using a pulsed laser. Laser pulses from an ArF excimer laser were focused inside a quartz mask substrate to make spots. Experiments showed that the substrate surface was locally swelled out where spots were formed just beneath the surface without making any damages on the surface. This surface shape control technique can be applied to the final adjustment of the substrate flatness control since no cleaning process is necessary afterward.
Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography−Tandem Mass Spectrometry Determination of Estrogen Conjugates in Human Urine (2008)

We report a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) separation with tandem mass spectrometry (MS) detection method for analysis of seven urinary estrogen conjugates. HILIC separation employing a mobile phase with high organic solvent content resulted in enhanced electrospray ionization efficiency and MS sensitivity compared with reversed-phase (RP) LC-MS methods. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) was used to further improve the limit of detection and to eliminate interferences for the analysis of urine samples. No hydrolysis or derivatization was required in the sample pretreatment. This SPE/HILIC-MS/MS method provided limits of quantification (LOQs at S/N = 10) for the seven conjugates ranging from 2 to 1000 pg/mL with only 1 mL of urine sample, representing an improvement of 1 order of magnitude over the RPLC tandem MS methods previously reported. This method provided a linear dynamic range of 3 orders of magnitude, recovery of 92-109%, intraday accuracy of 84-109%, intraday precision of 1-14%, interday accuracy of 80-111%, and interday precision of 1-22%. We have successfully applied this technique to determine the seven estrogen conjugates in urine samples of a pregnant woman and found unique concentration changes of six estrogen conjugates at different stages of pregnancy while the concentration of estriol-3-glucuronide (E3-3G) remained constant. We further studied the profiles of individual estrogen conjugates in breast cancer patients before and after treatment and found patient-dependent effects of aromatase inhibitor treatment on estrogen phase-II metabolism, which have not been reported previously. This study demonstrates the potential clinical application of the HILIC-MS/MS technique for sensitive monitoring of the changes of urinary estrogen conjugates in a clinical setting.
Topical rose Bengal: Pre‐clinical evaluation of pharmacokinetics and safety (2003)

These results indicate that RB is safe for PDT treatment of skin disorders, exhibiting negligible effects in normal skin.
Gonadotrope-specific expression of the human follicle-stimulating hormone beta-subunit gene in pituitaries of transgenic mice. (1992)

The molecular basis for the cell-specific and hormonal regulation of the pituitary gonadotropin beta-subunit genes is unknown. To identify the essential DNA regulatory elements of the human FSH beta (hFSH beta) gene, we introduced a 10-kilobase cloned fragment encompassing the gene into the germline of transgenic mice. We showed by a combination of Northern blot hybridization, RIA, and immunofluorescence histochemistry that the hFSH beta gene was expressed exclusively in mouse pituitary gonadotropes. Human FSH beta was actively secreted, presumably as an interspecies heterodimer, with mouse alpha-subunit, and no free hFSH beta was detected in serum. Male transgenic mice consistently had higher basal pituitary expression and secretion of hFSH beta than the female transgenic mice. Castration combined with testosterone replacement caused a marked reduction in hFSH beta gene expression in transgenic males, but had no effect on the pituitary levels of FSH in normal male mice. These experiments demonstrate that the essential DNA regulatory elements and gonadotrope transcription factors required for cell-specific expression of the FSH beta gene must be conserved between human and mouse. There appear to be important differences in the hormonal regulation of the gene between species, however.
An Embedded RF-Based Motorcycle Trajectory Data for Security Monitoring System over University Vehicular Network (2015)

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a conventional means for vehicle localisation. Monitoring motorcycles in a specific security area, such as a university campus, is particularly challenging and requires a low-cost system that functional in indoor and outdoor environments. In this paper, we propose the design and development of a non- GPS motorcycle tracking system that uses wireless sensor networks. The system consists of three main components: a motorcycle radio frequency (RF) device, a Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) broadcasting fixed base station, and a mobile base station. The accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer sensor data are used. The positioning algorithm is customized and embedded in a low-power CC1110 RF system-on-chip (RFSoC) device to generate a vehicle trajectory map in the UTM coordinate system. While in motion, the vehicle keep sending the data to other motorcycles and/or to nearby base stations. This is practical to monitor the location and send alert messages to the motorcycle owner in real time. Our experimental results have indicated that the system is capable of generating an accurate vector map of the trajectory of a stolen motorcycle.
Biometric security system over finite field for mobile applications (2014)

Recently, number of mobile users and mobile banking applications are increased dramatically. The current mobile banking system unable to provide face‐to‐face transaction, that is, anyone can perform transaction by using proper secret code. This study proposes a new triangular based indexing method to authenticate the original account holder in mobile banking environment. A Delaunay triangulation indexing scheme has been designed for protecting biometric template and Voronoi vertex is calculated for verifying the authorised person. A novel algorithm has been developed for mutual authentication. To reduce key size, elliptic curve cryptography technique is adapted. Biometric key is generated for secure communication and also discusses the security aspects of the proposed method.
Targeted gene evolution in <i>Escherichia coli</i> using a highly error-prone DNA polymerase I (2003)

We present a system for random mutagenesis in Escherichia coli for the evolution of targeted genes. To increase error rates of DNA polymerase I (Pol I) replication, we introduced point mutations in three structural domains that govern Pol I fidelity. Expression of error-prone Pol I in vivo results in strong mutagenesis of a target sequence encoded in a Pol I-dependent plasmid (8.1 x 10-4 mutations per bp, an 80,000-fold increase), with a preference for plasmid relative to chromosome sequence. Mutagenesis is maximal in cultures maintained at stationary phase. Mutations are evenly distributed and show a variety of base pair substitutions, predominantly transitions. Mutagenesis extends at least 3 kb beyond the 400-500 nt reportedly synthesized by Pol I. We demonstrate that our error-prone Pol I can be used to generate enzymes with distinct properties by generating TEM-1 beta-lactamase mutants able to hydrolyze a third-generation lactam antibiotic, aztreonam. Three different mutations contribute to aztreonam resistance. Two are found in the extended-spectrum beta-lactamases most frequently identified in clinical isolates, and the third (G276R) has not been previously described. Our system of targeted mutagenesis in E. coli should have an impact on enzyme-based applications in areas such as synthetic chemistry, gene therapy, and molecular biology. Given the structural conservation between polymerases, this work should also provide a reference for altering the fidelity of other polymerases.
Seismic-attenuation measures from VSP data by two different methods (2017)

The measurement of attenuation in seismic data is described and analyzed. The measurement problem is defined as the estimation of the attenuation parameter Q or the estimation of the related quantity CA (cumulative attenuation) or both. Two very different estimation techniques are described: the spectral-ratio method (SRM), which is well-known, and the dominant-frequency method (DFM), which is mostly new here. The strengths and weaknesses of both methods are discussed and the extension to CA is given. It is demonstrated that CA estimates are more stable than Q estimates when attenuation is weak. The application of these techniques is demonstrated on a zero-offset VSP with a vibroseis source. Using the shallowest receiver (2185ft) as a reference, attenuation estimates were obtained for all receivers at depths equal to or greater than 5000ft. Consistent estimates were obtained from both the SRM and the DFM but it is demonstrated that any residual upcoming waves in the downgoing wave cause considerable error. The possibility of extending these measurements to the earth's surface by assuming the reference wave there is the Klauder wavelet is examined. The results are plausible and seem appropriate to apply to surface recordings for bandwidth enhancement. Presentation Date: Tuesday, September 26, 2017 Start Time: 10:10 AM Location: 371A Presentation Type: ORAL
The annual meeting: regulatory obligation or lifeline to the future? (2000)

Usually dreaded, annual meetings can provide a crucial, powerful, but often neglected context for reviewing the "vital signs" of a group practice: mission, membership, marketplace strategy and infrastructure. We propose that regular and thoughtful attention to essential issues of cohesion and effectiveness significantly increases the likelihood of group vitality and group member satisfaction. We suggest a methodology for embedding these essential conversations into the ritual of the annual meeting.
Effect of Bupropion-SR on Orgasmic Dysfunction in Nondepressed Subjects: A Pilot Study (2000)

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine whether the aminoketone antidepressant bupropion has beneficial effects in orgasmic dysfunction. Design: Single-blind, sequential treatment order of three weeks each: placebo, bupropion-SR 150 mg/day, bupropion-SR 300 mg/ day Subjects: Nondepressed women ( n = 20) and men ( n = 10) having nonphysiologic orgasmic delay or inhibition Main Outcome Measures: Reported difficulty or delay in achieving orgasm, satisfaction with orgasm and erectile function, and subjective impressions of drug effect Results: In the women, there were significant improvements relative to baseline ( p < .01) on both doses of bupropion-SR in all measured aspects of sexual function, and significant improvements relative to placebo ( p < .05) in overall sexual satisfaction on both doses and satisfaction with intensity of orgasm on 150 mg/day (300 mg/day, p = .10). In the men, significant improvements over baseline ( p < .01) were observed with both doses in overall sexual satisfaction, ability to achieve an erection, and delay in reaching orgasm/ejaculation; significant improvements relative to placebo ( p < .05) were observed in overall sexual satisfaction on both doses, ability to achieve erection on 150 mg/ day, and delay in orgasm/ejaculation on 150 mg/day. Seventy percent of subjects reported improvement in libido, arousal, or orgasmic function during bupropion administration. relative to placebo ( p < .05) were observed in overall sexual satisfaction on both doses, ability to achieve erection on 150 mg/ day, and delay in orgasm/ejaculation on 150 mg/day. Seventy percent of subjects reported improvement in libido, arousal, or orgasmic function during bupropion administration. Conclusions: Bupropion-SR may be a useful agent for treating orgasmic delay and inhibition, and possibly disorders of sexual arousal. The results argue against bupropion's apparent prosexual effect in depressed patients being simply a result of its antidepressant activity.
Development of supervisory control strategy for online control of central cooling water systems (2007)

This paper presents a model-based supervisory control strategy for online control of building central cooling water systems to enhance their energy efficiency. Simplified chiller and cooling tower models are developed and used to predict the system energy performance, environment quality as well as the system response to the changes of control settings. A novel and simple optimization technique, named as PMES method, is developed and used to seek the optimal control settings under the given working conditions. The performance of both simplified models is validated using the field measurement data and/or the factory performance test data while the performance of this model-based supervisory control strategy is evaluated by comparing with that of near optimal control strategies and other conventional control strategies for cooling water systems through simulations. The implementation issues of the supervisory control strategy for practical applications are also presented.
Orally active Epac inhibitor reverses mechanical allodynia and loss of intraepidermal nerve fibers in a mouse model of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (2018)

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a major side effect of cancer treatment that significantly compromises quality of life of cancer patients and survivors. Identification of targets for pharmacological intervention to prevent or reverse CIPN is needed. We investigated exchange protein regulated by cAMP (Epac) as a potential target. Epacs are cAMP-binding proteins known to play a pivotal role in mechanical allodynia induced by nerve injury and inflammation. We demonstrate that global Epac1-knockout (Epac1-/-) male and female mice are protected against paclitaxel-induced mechanical allodynia. In addition, spinal cord astrocyte activation and intraepidermal nerve fiber (IENF) loss are significantly reduced in Epac1-/- mice as compared to wild-type mice. Moreover, Epac1-/- mice do not develop the paclitaxel-induced deficits in mitochondrial bioenergetics in the sciatic nerve that are a hallmark of CIPN. Notably, mice with cell-specific deletion of Epac1 in Nav1.8-positive neurons (N-Epac1-/-) also show reduced paclitaxel-induced mechanical allodynia, astrocyte activation, and IENF loss, indicating that CIPN develops downstream of Epac1 activation in nociceptors. The Epac-inhibitor ESI-09 reversed established paclitaxel-induced mechanical allodynia in wild-type mice even when dosing started 10 days after completion of paclitaxel treatment. In addition, oral administration of ESI-09 suppressed spinal cord astrocyte activation in the spinal cord and protected against IENF loss. Ex vivo, ESI-09 blocked paclitaxel-induced abnormal spontaneous discharges in dorsal root ganglion neurons. Collectively, these findings implicate Epac1 in nociceptors as a novel target for treatment of CIPN. This is clinically relevant because ESI-09 has the potential to reverse a debilitating and long-lasting side effect of cancer treatment.
Image geo-mashups (2008)

This paper presents the general idea of image geo-mashups, which combines concepts from web mashups and augmented reality by adding geo-referenced data to a perspective image. The paper shows how to design and implement an augmented reality weather cam, that combines data from a steerable weather cam with additional sensor information retrieved from the web.
Inference in Probabilistic Graphical Models by Graph Neural Networks (2019)

A fundamental computation for statistical inference and accurate decision-making is to estimate the marginal probabilities or most probable states of task-relevant variables. Probabilistic graphical models can efficiently represent the structure of such complex data, but performing these inferences is generally difficult. Message-passing algorithms, such as belief propagation, are a natural way to disseminate evidence amongst correlated variables while exploiting the graph structure, but these algorithms can struggle when the conditional dependency graphs contain loops. Here we use Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to learn a message-passing algorithm that solves these inference tasks. We first show that the architecture of GNNs is well-matched to inference tasks. We then demonstrate the efficacy of this inference approach by training GNNs on a collection of graphical models and showing that they substantially outperform belief propagation on loopy graphs. Our message-passing algorithms generalize out of the training set to larger graphs and graphs with different structure.