gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Warp as a machine for low-level vision (2005)

Warp is a programmable systolic array processor. One of its objectives is to support computer vision research. This paper shows how the Warp architecture can be used to fulfill the computational needs of low-level vision. We study the characteristics of low-level vision algorithms and show how they lead to requirements for computer architecture. These requirements are met by Warp. We then describe how the Warp system can be used. Warp programs can be classified in two ways: chained versus severed, and heterogeneous versus homogeneous. Chained and severed characterize the degree of interprocessor dependency, while heterogeneous and homogeneous characterize the degree of similarity between programs on individual processors. Taken in combination, these classes give four user models. Sophisticated programming tools are needed to support these user models.
Structure Activity Relationship (SAR) of Fluorinated and Carbamylated Beta-Lactam Derivatives (2023)

While drug-resistance exists in a wide range of clinically important microorganisms, new drug development has significantly lagged behind the need. We are directly addressing this gap in antimicrobial development by synthesizing a novel class of antimicrobials that are not inactivated by the microbial beta-lactamases. To date, we have synthesized cadres of compounds with demonstrated good activity (minimum inhibitory (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration, MBC, <15 ug/ml) against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) or Moraxella catarrhalis (M.cat.). The focus of my research is to prepare a second generation of these drugs by building a library of compounds containing fluorinated derivatives. The position and multitude of the fluorine atoms in the compounds' scaffold is expected to improve overall efficacy of these compounds. In addition, preparation of compounds with differently substituted carbamyl groups has been accomplished. The Structure Activity Relationship (SAR) of these two types of compounds will be presented.
A closed-flow water caloric system. (1977)

This paper describes a new method and apparatus to induce nystagmus. Flow of fluid into the ear to induce nystagmus is eliminated by utilization of a closed-flow system. A probe adapted for insertion to a standardized depth into the ear, provides a flow-through path for nystagmus-inducing liquid while expanding in response to the pressurized liquid to conform to the contours of the external auditory canal and tympanic membrane. Thermal conductivity through the membrane-like probe material permits heat exchange between the flowing liquid, and the external auditory canal and/or tympanic membrane to induce nystagmus.At this time, the authors can state only that the quality of nystagmus produced is similar to that produced by current conventional methods. In the small number of patients tested, discomfort appeared to be almost negligible. The system appears to be a promising improvement dependent on the establishment of accurate parameters for diagnosis.
Parasitic infections in AIDS patients. Cryptosporidiosis, isosporiasis, microsporidiosis, cyclosporiasis. (1993)

AIDS is characteristically associated with several intracellular enteric protozoan infections that often cause chronic and sometimes fatal intractable large-volume diarrhea. Until the AIDS epidemic, several of these parasitic infections were almost unknown as causes of human disease. This article reviews the diseases produced by cryptosporidia, isospora, cyclospora, and microsporidia in humans.
Laboratory Evaluation of Custom-Designed Surfactants To Remediate NAPL Source Zones (2002)

Laboratory column studies were conducted using custom-designed anionic surfactants, the branched alcohol propoxylated sulfates, to evaluate their effectiveness in removing nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) from both Ottawa sand and field alluvium. Surfactant efficacy was tested at temperatures ranging between 11 and 50 degrees C for contaminants such as tetrachloroethene (PCE), weathered gasoline, and Naval Special Fuel Oil. It has been shown that use of branched alcohol propoxylated sulfates can achieve very low final NAPL saturations even with recalcitrant NAPLs, while exhibiting low induced hydraulic gradients, low microemulsion viscosity, and minimal sorption on contaminated field soils. These custom-designed surfactants are effective with both dense NAPLs (DNAPLs) and light NAPLs. Finally, these surfactants were used to create neutrally buoyant microemulsions with a PCE DNAPL. The laboratory experiments show that these custom-designed, high-performance surfactants can be tailored to optimize contaminant solubility for specific field NAPLs.
Vasoconstrictor role for vasopressin in experimental heart failure in the rabbit. (1986)

Vasopressin's role as a vasoconstrictor in chronic heart failure, was examined in rabbits with adriamycin cardiomyopathic congestive heart failure. Chronic adriamycin treatment resulted in a decrease in cardiac output (829 +/- 38-610 +/- 36 ml/min, P less than 0.005) and blood pressure (83 +/- 2-76 +/- 3 mmHg, P less than 0.01), and an increase in peripheral resistance (8,377 +/- 381-10,170 +/- 657 dyn-s-cm-5, P less than 0.05). Plasma renin activity (4.7 +/- 0.6-10.9 +/- 2.8 ng angiotensin I/ml X h) and norepinephrine (0.7 +/- 0.1-1.3 +/- 0.2 pmol/ml, P less than 0.05) increased while plasma vasopressin levels did not change. Vasopressin infusion, however, produced significantly greater increases in peripheral resistance in animals with heart failure than in controls. Moreover, a specific vasopressin vascular antagonist reduced blood pressure (7 +/- 3%) and peripheral resistance (14 +/- 4%) and increased cardiac output (10 +/- 3%) in animals with heart failure but had no cardiovascular effects in normal rabbits. These results suggest that vascular sensitivity to vasopressin is increased in heart failure, and that it contributes significantly to the increased afterload in heart failure despite normal plasma levels. In this model of severe, chronic heart failure the sympathetic, renin-angiotensin, and vasopressin systems all appear to be activated.
The Carnol process system for CO{sub 2} mitigation and methanol production (1996)

The feasibility of an alternative CO{sub 2} mitigation system and a methanol production process is investigated. The Carnol system has three components: (1) a coal-fired power plant supplying flue gas CO{sub 2}, (2) the Carnol process which converts the CO{sub 2} with H{sub 2} from natural gas to methanol, (3) use of methanol as a fuel component in the automotive sector. For the methanol production process alone, up to 100% CO{sub 2} emission reduction can be achieved; for the entire system, up to 65% CO{sub 2} emission reduction can be obtained. The Carnol system is technically feasible and economically competitive with alternative CO{sub 2}-disposal systems for coal-fired power plants. The Carnol process is estimated to be economically attractive compared to the current market price of methanol, especially if credit can be taken for carbon as a marketable coproduct.
Nonvisual Arrestins Function as Simple Scaffolds Assembling the MKK4–JNK3α2 Signaling Complex (2011)

Arrestins make up a small family of proteins with four mammalian members that play key roles in the regulation of multiple G protein-coupled receptor-dependent and -independent signaling pathways. Although arrestins were reported to serve as scaffolds for MAP kinase cascades, promoting the activation of JNK3, ERK1/2, and p38, the molecular mechanisms involved were not elucidated, and even the direct binding of arrestins with MAP kinases was never demonstrated. Here, using purified proteins, we show that both nonvisual arrestins directly bind JNK3α2 and its upstream activator MKK4, and that the affinity of arrestin-3 for these kinases is higher than that of arrestin-2. Reconstitution of the MKK4-JNK3α2 signaling module from pure proteins in the presence of different arrestin-3 concentrations showed that arrestin-3 acts as a "true" scaffold, facilitating JNK3α2 phosphorylation by bringing the two kinases together. Both the level of JNK3α2 phosphorylation by MKK4 and JNK3α2 activity toward its substrate ATF2 increase at low and then decrease at high arrestin-3 levels, yielding a bell-shaped concentration dependence expected with true scaffolds that do not activate the upstream kinase or its substrate. Thus, direct binding of both kinases and true scaffolding is the molecular mechanism of action of arrestin-3 on the MKK4-JNK3α2 signaling module.
ROLE OF THE GLUCAGON RECEPTOR GENE MUTATION (GLY 40SER) IN HUMAN ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION (2000)

Medizinische Klinik IV, Endokrinologie und Nephrologie, Universitäsklinikum Benjamin Franklin, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
EPICURUS - J. Fish, K.R. Sanders (edd.) Epicurus and the Epicurean Tradition. Pp. xii + 267. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. Cased, £55, US$90. ISBN: 978-0-521-19478-5. (2013)

EPICURUS - J. Fish, K.R. Sanders (edd.) Epicurus and the Epicurean Tradition. Pp. xii + 267. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. Cased, £55, US$90. ISBN: 978-0-521-19478-5. - Volume 63 Issue 1
Experimental determination of impact ionization coefficients of electrons and holes in gallium nitride using homojunction structures (2019)

In this study, we experimentally determined the impact ionization coefficients of GaN using homoepitaxially grown p-n diodes with avalanche capability. The extracted hole impact ionization coefficient is obtained as β(E) = 4.39 × 106 exp (−1.8 × 107/E) cm−1, and the electron impact ionization coefficient is obtained as α(E) = 2.11 × 109 exp (−3.689 × 107/E) cm−1. This study also presents the temperature dependence of impact ionization coefficients in GaN. The results presented in this experimental study are an important contribution to the database on the material properties of GaN, which will enable more accurate prediction of the avalanche in GaN devices.
Influence of Triglycerides and Free Fatty Acids in Milk Replacers on Calf Performance, Blood Plasma, and Adipose Lipids (1985)

In a 4-wk study of 48 3-day-old calves we compared effects of feeding various fats or their free fatty acids in skim milk-powder based milk replacer, on calf performance, feed utilization, and blood plasma and adipose lipids. When fat was fed, calf performance and feed utilization were equivalent for tallow and coconut oil diets but markedly poorer for corn oil. Complete replacement (tallow) or one-half replacement (coconut and corn oils) of the fats with their free fatty acids reduced calf gains and feed efficiency. Tallow free fatty acids gave lower digestibilities of palmitic and stearic acid and reduced calcium absorption. Free fatty acids from both coconut and corn oils reduced diet palatability and intake; those from tallow and coconut oil markedly interfered (in vitro) with rennet clotting of milk replacers. The main lipid classes in blood plasma for all treatments were cholesteryl esters and phosphatidylcholine. High concentrations (56 to 87%) of linoleic acid occurred in cholesteryl esters for all diets despite low concentrations of linoleic acid in the tallow and coconut oil diets.
Identification of surface antigens of schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni recognized by antibodies from mice immunized by chronic infection and by exposure to highly irradiated cercariae (1983)

Surface components of mechanically transformed schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni were labeled by lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination. After solubilization with Triton X-100, antigens were identified by immunoprecipitation. Serum from chronically infected Swiss mice reproducibly precipitated seven major polypeptides with approximate molecular weights (X 10(3] of 94, 68, 45, 40 to 32, 22, and 16. The antigens of molecular weights (X 10(3] of 94, 40 to 32, 22, and 16 were shown to be exposed on the parasite surface by interaction of the antibodies with intact labeled schistosomula. Sera from several strains of infected inbred mice precipitated the same polypeptides. The antibodies produced during chronic infection were found to be stimulated by adult worms since sera from 6-week-infected animals precipitated none of the surface antigens, and the pattern produced by precipitation with antibodies from a mouse infected with male worms only was indistinguishable from the pattern obtained with sera from mice with bisexual infections. Antibodies from mice immunized with highly irradiated cercariae reproducibly precipitated major polypeptides of approximately (X 10(3] 94, 68, 45, 32, 22, 19, and 15 daltons. The antigens of (X 10(3] 94, 43, 32, 22, and 15 daltons were shown to be exposed on the parasite surface by interaction of the antibodies with intact labeled schistosomula. The 15 X 10(3)-dalton surface protein was recognized by sera from vaccinated, but not chronically infected, mice, suggesting that it represents a stage-specific immunogen present on schistosomula but not on adult worms. Sera from two inbred strains of mice which develop different degrees of immunity recognized the same antigens.
High‐resolution MAS NMR spectroscopy detection of the spin magnetization exchange by cross‐relaxation and chemical exchange in intact cell lines and human tissue specimens (2006)

High-resolution magic-angle-spinning (HR-MAS) NMR spectroscopy detects resolved signals from membrane phospholipids and proteins in intact cell and tissue samples. MAS has the additional advantage of quenching spin-diffusion through a mutual "flip-flop" of neighbor spins by time-independent dipolar coupling as long as the dipolar coupling is "inhomogeneous." Under MAS, significant magnetization transfer (MT) was observed between water and each proton site in membrane phospholipid and between water and the NMR-observable protein proton signals. The MT rates between water and membrane phospholipids are lower than those between water and protein proton signals. The interaction of water to other small molecules is selective with the observation of MT from water to creatine, lactate, taurine, and glycine, but not to triglyceride, phosphocholine, choline, or myo-inositol. HR-MAS NMR allows the detection of a complete MT network between water and each proton group of creatine. Two creatine pools (one motion-restricted and one motion-free) were identified in skeletal muscle.
Impact of Stator Winding of a Five-Phase Permanent-Magnet Motor on Postfault Operations (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> The performance of a five-phase permanent-magnet (PM) motor is analyzed under postfault conditions. Proper current control strategies are adopted so as to guarantee safe drive operation after any fault occurrence. This paper covers three fault types: the open circuit condition of a single phase, the open circuit condition of two nonadjacent phases, and the open circuit condition of two adjacent phases. Two motors with two different windings (with double and single layers, respectively) are compared under each fault type. This paper aims to highlight the difference in the motor performance of motors adopting these two different windings. A further novelty of this paper is that the proper current control strategies are derived analytically, including not only the fundamental harmonic of the flux-density distribution but also the higher harmonics. It is shown that these harmonics cause high torque oscillations. Owing to this analytical approach, the strategy can be applied to a variety of PM motors. In addition, the postfault current waveforms remain sinusoidal, making the current control easier. For each fault type, the results of both simulations and experimental tests are included. A good match between analytical predictions and experimental tests validates the proposed current control strategies. </para>
Analysis of Large-Scale Unstructured Urban Range Scan Data (2022)

Efficient 3D scanning technology has led to acquisition of very large datasets for application areas as diverse as terrain and urban modeling, but relatively few techniques exist to automatically extract meaningful regions from this data, and the largest datasets examined in the literature rarely exceed millions of points in size. In this thesis, we present an efficient algorithm for identification of locally planar regions in large-scale GPS-registered scan data containing hundreds of millions of points. We define hard, statistical measures of accuracy and examine the performance of our algorithm on two real-world datasets with vastly varying characteristics. We examine the usefulness of a number of extensions to the algorithm, and confirm our assumptions regarding the accuracy of the parallel nature of our approach. Simulating a high-performance distributed computing platform, we are able to process scan data of approximately 100 million points in under 20 minutes, and a much larger dataset of over three billion points in under 14 hours.
Spontaneous magnetic moments in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">YBa</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Cu</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>7</mml:mn><mml:mi>−</mml:mi><mml:mi>δ</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>thin films (2000)

We have observed spontaneous magnetic moments with random signs in c-axis-oriented thin films of the high-${T}_{c}$ cuprate superconductor ${\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{7\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}},$ imaged with a scanning superconducting quantum interference device microscope. These moments arise when the samples become superconducting, and appear to be associated with nonferromagnetic defects in the films. In contrast with granular high-${T}_{c}$ samples, which also show spontaneous moments with random signs, the present samples shield diamagnetically.
Fault Section Estimation Using Fuzzy Matrix-Based Reasoning Methods (2010)

A technique of fuzzy reasoning via rule matrix transformations has been developed to estimate fault sections for distribution substations. This study extended the application of fault diagnosis from binary reasoning to fuzzy reasoning. In the inference procedures, the causalities of fault sections and the actions of protective devices were first represented by the fuzzy cause-effect networks (FCE-Nets). After performing some simple matrix operations, the possible fault sections were estimated. This proposed approach offers a clear framework, rapid reasoning, the ability to handle uncertainty, and it has no problem with convergence during the diagnosis procedure.
Short-delay playback and high reliability content delivery through chain-casting (2004)

In this report, we present a delivery method of the chain-casting type optimized for users of media-streaming in the P2P environment. A tree structure is used with chain-casting between users, and the users are given an incentive to form many branches. The high-volume users thus form chain-casting trees which are better dispersed over the network than is the case with other content-delivery systems (CDNs) that carries commercial content has to include digital rights management (DRM), authentication, and billing facilities. Chain-casting is unsuitable for these tasks. In this method, a broker provides control of DRM, authentication, and billing. In typical chain-casting, the further an end-branch is from the root, the longer it takes to start viewing the required content. The method includes a function that breaks the content up into short blocks so that end-branch users are able to start viewing the content earlier than they would otherwise be able to-each block also includes redundant packets as a countermeasure for packet loss.
The role of cytosine methylation in the control of nopaline synthase gene expression in a plant tumor. (1983)

The FT37/1 tumor line induced by Agrobacterium tumefaciens on flax epicotyls contains 22-24 copies of the T-DNA encoded nopaline synthase gene per cell. All the gene copies are methylated to some extent but the methylation is not uniform, nor does it reflect the methylation level of the flanking plant DNA. This extensive methylation correlates with an extremely low level of expression of the nopaline synthase gene. Treatment of the tumor line with the in vivo demethylating drug 5-azacytidine at a concentration of 3 X 10(-5) M, resulted in the demethylation of, on average, one copy of the nopaline synthase gene per cell. This demethylation was paralleled by an increase in the transcription of the gene and indicates that cytosine methylation is capable of suppressing the expression of plant genes in vivo.
Stage-specific gene expression during Trypanosoma cruzi metacyclogenesis. (2003)

The process of Trypanosoma cruzi metacyclogenesis involves the transformation of noninfective epimastigotes into metacyclic trypomastigotes, which are the pathogenic form. The analysis of stage-specific genes during T. cruzi metacyclogenesis may provide insight into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of gene expression in trypanosomatids. It may also improve the understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the pathology of Chagas disease, and could lead to the identification of new targets for chemotherapy of this disease. We have demonstrated that during metacyclogenesis the expression of several genes is controlled at the translational level by an alternative regulatory mechanism. This mechanism may involve the mobilization of mRNA to the translation machinery. We have been using self-made T. cruzi microarrays to investigate the role of polysomal mobilization in modulating gene expression during metacyclogenesis.
Nothing is for Free: Security in Searching Shared & Encrypted Data. (2014)

Most existing symmetric searchable encryption schemes aim at allowing a user to outsource her encrypted data to a cloud server and delegate the latter to search on her behalf. These schemes do not qualify as a secure and scalable solution for the multi-party setting, where users outsource their encrypted data to a cloud server and selectively authorize each other to search. Due to the possibility that the cloud server may collude with some malicious users, it is a challenge to have a secure and scalable multi-party searchable encryption (MPSE) scheme. This is shown by our analysis on the Popa-Zeldovich scheme, which says that an honest user may leak all her search patterns even if she shares only one of her documents with another malicious user. Based on our analysis, we present a new security model for MPSE by considering the worst-case and average-case scenarios, which capture different server-user collusion possibilities. We then propose a MPSE scheme by employing the bilinear property of Type-3 pairings, and prove its security based on the Bilinear Diffie-Hellman Variant (BDHV) and Symmetric eXternal Diffie-Hellman (SXDH) assumptions in the random oracle model.
Addition of pramlintide to insulin therapy lowers HbA <sub>1c</sub> in conjunction with weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes approaching glycaemic targets (2003)

The data from this post hoc analysis indicate that the addition of pramlintide to insulin therapy may help patients with type 2 diabetes who are approaching, but not yet reaching, glycaemic targets to achieve further reductions in HbA1c without concomitant weight gain and increased risk of severe hypoglycaemia.