gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 17773: Peptide Inhibition of PTEN Increases Mouse Survival after Sudden Cardiac Arrest (2014)

Introduction: We recently reported that TAT fusion proteins designed to activate versus inhibit the Akt related phosphatase PTEN in heart cells respectively worsen or significantly improve ischemia/reperfusion injury and contractile functional recovery. We therefore designed a short 20 amino acid peptide PTEN inhibitor, TAT-PTEN9c, for rapid tissue delivery and tissue protection after mouse sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). TAT-PTEN9c contains a TAT protein transduction domain fused to the PTEN C-terminal 9 amino acids of the PDZ-domain binding motif. We hypothesized that TAT-PTEN9c blocks PTEN membrane localization and activation, with corresponding tissue Akt activation and improved SCA survival. Methods: Mouse cardiomyocytes were isolated from 1-3 day old mouse pups. Western blot was used to determine the efficacy of TAT-PTEN9c for enhancing Akt phosphorylation in mouse cardiomyocytes exposed to oxidant (H2O2) stress. C57BL6 mice were subjected to an established potassium-induced 8 min SCA protocol. MAP, ETCO2, body temperature and ECG were recorded until 4 h after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). TAT-PTEN9c (7.8 mg/kg) was given intravenously (IV) immediately after CPR (n=10) and a 2nd dose in an additional 5 mice was given at 60 min. IV administration of TAT-GFP was used to measure the kinetics of heart and brain tissue TAT protein delivery. Results: The designed TAT-PTEN9c peptide significantly enhanced Akt activation in neonatal mouse cardiomyoctes in a concentration-dependent manner. 30 mice with successful CPR were randomly assigned to receive either saline or TAT-PTEN9c. Survival (versus cardiovascular collapse and death) was significantly increased in TAT-PTEN9c treated group compared with that of saline control at 2 h (14/15, 93% vs. 9/15, 60%, P < 0.05) and at 4 h (10/15, 67% vs. 6/15, 40%, P < 0.05) after CPR. Western blot and immunohistochemistry showed that TAT protein transduction in heart and brain was diffuse and occurred within 5 min after IV administration. Conclusion: TAT-PTEN9c can be used after CPR in a mouse SCA model to rapidly enhance Akt activation in critical organs and prevent early cardiovascular collapse and death.
Gated-diode amplifiers (2005)

This brief describes MOS amplifiers comprising a gated diode and a field-effect transistor. A gated diode is a two-terminal MOS device in which charge is stored when a voltage above the threshold voltage is applied between the gate and the source, and negligible charge is stored otherwise. The operation makes use of the nonlinear capacitance of the gated diode for voltage boosting, where voltage for 1-data is boosted high and voltage for 0-data stays low, achieving significant voltage gain, signal margin, and current drive. Further, a number of small-signal single-ended sense amplifier circuits are presented. The gated-diode sense amplifiers deliver high gain, require low power and low device count, and are tolerant to voltage and process variation.
Controlling Adhesion of Orthodontic Adhesives Through Adjustment of the Interphase Mechanical Properties (1994)

Abstract Adhesives for ceramic orthodontic brackets are so strong that instances of enamel fracture and bracket fracture have occurred during removal. Our approach to minimize the potential enamel damage was to modify the mechanical properties of the adhesive, a BIS GMA-silica composite, by use of diethyl phthalate which is a common plasticizer. The plasticizer, used in amounts up to 20% of the adhesive weight, significantly decreases the adhesive modulus and tensile strength. One objective of this research is to evaluate plasticizer stability in the adhesive via functional testing in a simulated oral environment. A second objective was to simulate, by use of finite element analysis, clinical loading conditions during orthodontic treatment and removal. The finite element analysis determined the changes in computed stresses due to plasticization. After 25 days in an artificial saliva solution held at 60°C, the bracket removal torque was lower for the 10% plasticized adhesive group than that for the non-plasticized group. The 3-D linear elastic finite element anlaysis found that plasticization should not lead to premature failure when typical treatment loadings were applied. The torsional loading conditions simulating bracket removal reported peak stresses in excess of the plasticized adhesive tensile strength in the corner regions. Thus, modelling of the adhesive as a layer with distinct mechanical properties appears reasonable.
Manufacturing of Composite Grid Structures. (1996)

Abstract : Composite grid structures can be made to possess outstanding structural properties which can exceed those of laminated and sandwich construction. The superior performance is achieved by avoiding micro-cracking and delamination failures common in the conventional composite structures. The manufacturing processes of grid structures, however, are not available. The goal of the program is to devise novel, automated processes so that cost-effective composite grids can be made. Two general approaches are outlined in this report; viz., TRIG and stacked joint grids. A unique feature of our invention is that these grids can be made using filament winding and pultrusion, two of the most developed processes readily available.
Accelerating speckle suppression by a degenerate cavity laser with an intracavity phase diffuser (2020)

Fast speckle suppression is crucial for time-resolved full-field imaging with laser illumination. Here, we introduce a method to accelerate the spatial decoherence of laser emission, achieving speckle suppression in the nanosecond integration time scale. The method relies on the insertion of an intracavity phase diffuser into a degenerate cavity laser to break the frequency degeneracy of transverse modes and broaden the lasing spectrum. The ultrafast decoherence of laser emission results in the reduction of speckle contrast to $3\%$ in less than 1 nanosecond.
Discovery of New Compounds and Scintillators of the A<sub>4</sub>BX<sub>6</sub> Family: Crystal Structure, Thermal, Optical, and Scintillation Properties (2018)

We report the discovery of four new compounds of Eu2+-doped scintillators [Cs3Rb]SrI6, [Cs3K]SrI6, [Cs3Rb]CaI6, and [Cs3K]CaI6. A compositional engineering strategy dictated by the structural systematics of the base compounds Cs4CaI6 and Cs4SrI6 (space group R3̅c-hexagonal basis) was conducted to confirm an ideal solid solution for this system. Substitution of smaller monovalent cations Rb1+ and K1+ for Cs1+, maintained the crystal structure, producing an ordered substitution. Crystals were initially grown doped with 0.5% Eu to compare scintillation properties, and a Eu2+ optimization study determined that 7% Eu was the ideal concentration. A 56 mm3 crystal of composition [Cs3.5Rb0.5]SrI6:Eu 7% gave the best measured scintillation performance with an absolute light yield of 75 000 ph/MeV and energy resolution of 3.3% at 662 keV.
A Redox-Robust Ceramic Anode-Supported Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (2020)

A critical factor hampering the deployment of fuel-flexible, low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LT-SOFCs) is the long-term stability of the electrode in different gas environments. Specifically, for state-of-the-art Ni-cermet anodes, reduction/oxidation (redox) cycles during fuel-rich and fuel-starved conditions cause a huge volume change, eventually leading to cell failure. Here, we report a robust redox-stable SrFe<sub>0.2</sub>Co<sub>0.4</sub>Mo<sub>0.4</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (SFCM)/Ce<sub>0.9</sub>Gd<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>2</sub> ceramic anode-supported LT-SOFC with high performance and remarkable redox stability. The anode-supported configuration tackles the high ohmic loss associated with conventional ceramic anodes, achieving a high open circuit voltage of ∼0.9 V and a peak power density of 500 mW/cm<sup>2</sup> at 600 °C in hydrogen. In addition, ceramic anode-supported SOFCs are stable over tens of redox cycles under harsh operating conditions. Our study reveals that oxygen nonstoichiometry of SFCM compensates for the dimensional changes that occur during redox cycles. Our results demonstrate the potential of all ceramic cells for the next generation of LT-SOFCs.
Peptides in cell adhesion: powerful tools for the study of integrin-ligand interactions. (1996)

Many of the cell adhesion receptors recognize simple sequences that can be reproduced as synthetic peptides. This circumstance has led to a widespread use of peptides as modulators of cell adhesion. Peptides capable of binding to cell adhesion receptors, such as the integrins, can be used as mediators of cell attachment to a surface by coating the surface with the peptide. Peptides bound to a solid phase can also be used to isolate adhesion receptors by affinity chromatography. Alternatively, the peptides can be used to inhibit cell attachment to the natural ligands of the adhesion receptors. In either mode, adhesion peptides have proven to be highly useful probes in cell adhesion research and they also show promise as a new class of therapeutics. The purpose of this article is to review some of the properties and uses of adhesion peptides.
Polyaniline: Inter-Relationship between Ultra-Structure and Properties (1991)

Abstract : The conductivity (doped form), degree of crystallinity, tensile strength, solubility and swellability (as a gel) of polyaniline (emeraldine oxidation state) is found to be greatly dependent on the past chemical and/or mechanical history of the polymer which significantly affects the ultrastructure of the material. The conductivity and tensile strength of polyaniline films and fibers can be greatly enhanced by stretch orientation which is also accompanied by a monotonic increase in crystallinity. The solubility of the emeraldine base in NMP is greatly decreased as the degree of crystallinity is increased. The conductivity shows relatively little dependency on molecular weight as compared to crystallinity; it first rises monotonically with increase in molecular weight and then remains essentially independent of molecular weight. Gels of oriented emeraldine base exhibit a remarkable anisotropic swelling in NMP and in mixtures of NMP/CH3OH.
A Novel Frequency Estimation Method Based on Complex Bandpass Filters for P-Class PMUs With Short Reporting Latency (2020)

The measurement data of P-class phasor measurement units (PMUs) is used for protection and control applications. The reporting latency is critical for these applications. However, the data window of fundamental frequency estimation is commonly longer than that of phasor estimation, which introduces additional latency. In this paper, a novel frequency estimation method that uses sampling values rather than phase angles is proposed for P-class PMUs to reduce their reporting latency. This method uses two complex bandpass filters with different gains to extract the two positive fundamental components of the power signals. A one-to-one correspondence between the frequency and the ratio of the two positive fundamental components is established. By polynomial fitting this relationship, the frequency under static and dynamic conditions can be accurately estimated. In addition, to ensure the accuracy, the two applied complex bandpass filters are designed according to standard requirements, which can effectively suppress the negative fundamental component and harmonics. The simulation and experimental test results show that the proposed method achieves a frequency measurement accuracy that is 10 times higher than the standard requirements with a low computational burden and a data window of two cycles, indicating that the proposed method is suitable for P-class PMUs.
Angular-Ratiometric Plasmon-Resonance Based Light Scattering for Bioaffinity Sensing (2005)

We describe an exciting opportunity for affinity biosensing using a ratiometric approach to the angular-dependent light scattering from bioactivated and subsequently aggregated noble metal colloids. This new model sensing platform utilizes the changes in particle scattering from very small colloids, which scatter light according to traditional Rayleigh theory, as compared to the changes in scattering observed by much larger colloidal aggregates, formed due to a bioaffinity reaction. These larger aggregates no longer scatter incident light in a Cos(2) theta dependence, as is the case for Rayleigh scattering, but instead scatter light in an increased forward direction as compared to the incident geometry. By subsequently taking the ratio of the scattered intensity at two angles, namely 90 degrees and 140 degrees , relative to the incident light, we can follow the association of biotinylated bovine serum albumin-coated 20 nm gold colloids, cross-linked by additions of streptavidin. This new model system can be potentially applied to many other nanoparticle assays and has many advantages over traditional fluorescence sensing and indeed light-scattering approaches. For example, a single nanoparticle can have the equivalent scattered intensity as 10(5) fluorescing fluorescein molecules substantially increasing detection; the angular distribution of scattered light from noble metal colloids is substantially easier to predict as compared to fluorescence; the scattered light is not quenched by biospecies; the ratiometric measurements described here are not dependent on colloid concentration as are other scattering techniques; and finally, the noble metal colloids are not prone to photodestruction, as is the case with organic fluorophores.
9-Amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridin-1-ols. Synthesis and evaluation as potential Alzheimer's disease therapeutics (1989)

The synthesis of a series of 9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridin-1-ols is reported. These compounds are related to 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9-acridinamine (THA, tacrine). They inhibit acetylcholinesterase in vitro and are active in a model that may be predictive of activity in Alzheimer's disease--the scopolamine-induced impairment of 24-h memory of a passive dark-avoidance paradigm in mice. Two compounds, (+/-)-9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridin-1-ol maleate (1a, HP-029) and (+/-)-9-(benzylamino)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridin-1-ol maleate (1p, HP-128), were also active in reversing the deficit in 72-h retention of a one-trial dark-avoidance task in rats, induced by ibotenic acid lesions in the nucleus basalis magnocellularis. In addition, compound 1 p showed potent in vitro inhibition of the uptake of radiolabeled noradrenaline and dopamine (IC50 = 0.070 and 0.30 microM, respectively). Compounds 1a and 1p, which showed less acute toxicity in both rats and mice than THA, are in phase II and phase I clinical trials, respectively, for Alzheimer's disease.
On active learning of record matching packages (2010)

We consider the problem of learning a record matching package (classifier) in an active learning setting. In active learning, the learning algorithm picks the set of examples to be labeled, unlike more traditional passive learning setting where a user selects the labeled examples. Active learning is important for record matching since manually identifying a suitable set of labeled examples is difficult. Previous algorithms that use active learning for record matching have serious limitations: The packages that they learn lack quality guarantees and the algorithms do not scale to large input sizes. We present new algorithms for this problem that overcome these limitations. Our algorithms are fundamentally different from traditional active learning approaches, and are designed ground up to exploit problem characteristics specific to record matching. We include a detailed experimental evaluation on realworld data demonstrating the effectiveness of our algorithms.
Coherent imaging using laser feedback interferometry with pulsed-mode terahertz quantum cascade lasers (2019)

We report a coherent terahertz (THz) imaging system that utilises a quantum cascade laser (QCL) operating in pulsed-mode as both the source and detector. The realisation of a short-pulsed THz QCL feedback interferometer permits both high peak powers and improved thermal efficiency, which enables the cryogen-free operation of the system. In this work, we demonstrated pulsed-mode swept-frequency laser feedback interferometry experimentally. Our interferometric detection scheme not only permits the simultaneous creation of both amplitude and phase images, but inherently suppresses unwanted background radiation. We demonstrate that the proposed system utilising microsecond pulses has the potential to achieve 0.25 mega-pixel per second acquisition rates, paving the pathway to video frame rate THz imaging.
Multimode plenoptic imaging (2015)

The plenoptic function was originally defined as a complete record of the 3D structure of radiance in a scene and its dependence on a number of different parameters including position, angle, wavelength, polarization, etc. Recently-developed plenoptic cameras typically capture only the geometric aspects of the plenoptic function. Using this information, computational photography can render images with an infinite variety of features such as focus, depth of field, and parallax. Less attention has been paid to other, nonspatial, parameters of the plenoptic function that could also be captured. In this paper, we develop the microlens-based image sensor (aka the Lippmann sensor) as a generalized plenoptic capture device, able to capture additional information based on filters/modifiers placed on different microlenses. Multimodal capture can comprise many different parameters such as high-dynamic range, multispectral, and so on. For this paper we explore two particular examples in detail: polarization capture based on interleaved polarization filters, and capture with extended depth of field based on microlenses with different focal lengths.
Nanoelectronic circuits using resonant tunneling transistors and diodes (1993)

Integration of RTDs (resonant tunneling diodes) into one or more terminals of conventional transistors has led to a large family of resonant tunneling transistors. These include the resonant tunneling bipolar transistor (RTBT) and the resonant tunneling hot electron transistor (RHET). These devices are fabricated by placing RTDs in the emitter contact of heterojunction bipolar or hot electron transistors, respectively. Another unique nanoelectronic device is the bipolar quantum-well resonant tunneling transistor (BiQuaRTT), which is a heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) with a quantum-well structure incorporated into the base-collector junction. Negative transconductance devices, such as the RTBT, can be used to implement single-transistor logic gates. The RTBT characteristic can be enhanced to provide multiple negative transconductance regions by adding additional RTDs in the emitter epitaxial stack.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Semiportable electrochemical instrument for determining carbon monoxide in breath (1994)

Measurements of carbon monoxide (CO) in breath can be used for the diagnosis of hemolytic disease. A small, semiportable, easy-to-operate CO instrument was developed at Stanford University and tested at 12 Neonatal Research Network Centers of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. A syringe pump delivers 7.7 mL of sample per minute through an activate carbon filter to an electrochemical (EC) sensor having a sensitivity of 0.10 +/- 0.01 V per 1 microL/L CO in air. The electronically processed sensor signal is displayed on a digital multimeter. For a typical end-tidal CO measurement, corrected for inhaled CO, three 10- to 12-mL breath and room air samples are manually or mechanically collected and analyzed. CO determination in breath samples from 108 healthy, 1-day-old infants of nonsmoking mothers compared favorably with determinations by gas chromatography (GC), 1.3 +/- 0.8 vs 1.2 +/- 0.8 (mean +/- SD), respectively, with a regression equation of EC = 0.95 GC+0.13 (r2 = 0.98). The results demonstrate that the EC-CO instrument yields results that are comparable with those obtained by the more difficult to perform GC assay.
Evaluating temperature gradients across the posterior left atrium with radiofrequency ablation (2023)

Both SA and HPSD ablation strategies resulted in markedly higher temperatures measured at the AW of the esophagus compared to the esophageal lumen, raising concern about the value of clinical intraluminal temperature monitoring. The temperature rise at the AW was lower with HPSD. A significant time delay was seen to reach the maximum measured temperature and a modest increase in distance between the site of ablation and thermistor location impacted the accuracy of monitored temperatures.
Characteristics of dispersion-shifted dual shape core single-mode fibers (1987)

The structural design, bending loss, and dispersion characteristics of the dual shape core (DSC) single-mode fiber with zero dispersion at 1.55 μm are described. It is clarified that the bending loss of the DSC fiber is less than one tenth of that of a step-index fiber, and that the dispersion sensitivity due to a small change of the core radius is less than half of that of a step-index fiber. The explanation for the small bending loss is presented. A greater reduction of bending loss is expected from the replacement of the center core profile with a Gaussian or triangular profile.
Enhancement of <i>In Vitro</i> Translation by Gold Nanoparticle−DNA Conjugates (2010)

Gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-DNA conjugates can enhance in vitro translation of a protein. Enhancement occurs via a combination of nonspecific adsorption of translation-related molecules and the ribosome to the AuNP-DNA and specific binding to the mRNA of interest. AuNP-DNA conjugates enhanced protein production of fluorescent proteins (mCherry, eGFP) in retic lysate mixes by 65-100%. Gel electrophoresis was used to probe nonspecific adsorption of the AuNP-DNA conjugates to the translation machinery. It was determined that nonspecific adsorption is critical for enhancement, and if it was eliminated, expression enhancement did not occur. The interaction of the mRNA with the DNA on the AuNP surface influenced the amount of enhancement and was probed by expression in the presence of RNase H. These results suggest that higher translation enhancement occurs when the DNA on the AuNP forms an incomplete duplex with the mRNA. Tuning the balance between nonspecific adsorption and specific binding of the AuNP-DNA conjugates could result in the translation enhancement of a specific gene in a mixture.
Optimization of α-Ketooxazole Inhibitors of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (2008)

A series of alpha-ketooxazoles containing conformational constraints in the flexible C2 acyl side chain of 2 (OL-135) and representative oxazole C5 substituents were prepared and examined as inhibitors of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH). Exceptionally potent and selective FAAH inhibitors emerged from the series (e.g., 6, Ki = 200 and 260 pM for rat and rhFAAH). With simple and small C5 oxazole substituents, each series bearing a biphenylethyl, phenoxyphenethyl, or (phenoxymethyl)phenethyl C2 side chain was found to follow a well-defined linear relationship between -log Ki and Hammett sigmap of a magnitude (rho = 2.7-3.0) that indicates that the substituent electronic effect dominates, confirming its fundamental importance to the series and further establishing its predictive value. Just as significantly, the nature of the C5 oxazole substituent substantially impacts the selectivity of the inhibitors whereas the effect of the C2 acyl chain was more subtle but still significant even in the small series examined. Combination of these independent features, which display generalized trends across a range of inhibitor series, simultaneously improves FAAH potency and selectivity and can provide exquisitely selective and potent FAAH inhibitors.