gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automatic Scene Inference for 3D Object Compositing (2019)

We present a user-friendly image editing system that supports a drag-and-drop object insertion (where the user merely drags objects into the image, and the system automatically places them in 3D and relights them appropriately), post-process illumination editing, and depth-of-field manipulation. Underlying our system is a fully automatic technique for recovering a comprehensive 3D scene model (geometry, illumination, diffuse albedo and camera parameters) from a single, low dynamic range photograph. This is made possible by two novel contributions: an illumination inference algorithm that recovers a full lighting model of the scene (including light sources that are not directly visible in the photograph), and a depth estimation algorithm that combines data-driven depth transfer with geometric reasoning about the scene layout. A user study shows that our system produces perceptually convincing results, and achieves the same level of realism as techniques that require significant user interaction.
Physiologic Status Monitoring via the Gastrointestinal Tract (2015)

Reliable, real-time heart and respiratory rates are key vital signs used in evaluating the physiological status in many clinical and non-clinical settings. Measuring these vital signs generally requires superficial attachment of physically or logistically obtrusive sensors to subjects that may result in skin irritation or adversely influence subject performance. Given the broad acceptance of ingestible electronics, we developed an approach that enables vital sign monitoring internally from the gastrointestinal tract. Here we report initial proof-of-concept large animal (porcine) experiments and a robust processing algorithm that demonstrates the feasibility of this approach. Implementing vital sign monitoring as a stand-alone technology or in conjunction with other ingestible devices has the capacity to significantly aid telemedicine, optimize performance monitoring of athletes, military service members, and first-responders, as well as provide a facile method for rapid clinical evaluation and triage.
Simultaneous processing of target detection and data communication (2003)

Instead of radio waves, light sources are used for the position detection and the communication in our proposed system. In the system, light sources as a transmitter are attached on a target object, and the image is detected by an image sensor as a receiver. Once the image sensor captures the image of the lights, it is possible to compute the position of the object based on the image processing of the light images. At the same time, the communication data can be transferred with the flashing of lights. The advantages of this system are as follows: 1) both the position detection and the communication can be processed simultaneously; 2) the system can be used at places where the use of radio waves are prohibited.
Altered susceptibility of the inner ear following repeated noise exposure (1988)

The susceptibility of the inner ear to repeated noise exposure was investigated in the rabbit using tests of behavioral thresholds and distortion-product emissions (DPEs). Behavioral thresholds, measured by a classical-conditioning technique, were collected at 11 frequencies representative of the rabbit hearing range. Acoustic distortion products at the 2f1 − f2 frequency were measured as both DPE audiograms, generated by equilevel primaries at 45, 55, and 65 dB SPL, and input-output functions in 5-dB steps at nine frequencies. Following acquisition of control measures of DPEs and behavioral thresholds, DPEs were analyzed at regular intervals during both exposure and recovery periods and compared to corresponding behavioral measures. In four animals, following repeated episodes of exposure (octave band of noise centered at 1 kHz at 95 dB SPL) and recovery (3 weeks), both DPE amplitudes and behavioral audiograms revealed an increasing resistance to the effects of noise exposure. Comparison with the amount of amplitude reduction in a 4-kHz DP caused by a 5-min exposure during the preexposure periods to a 95-dB SPL tone at 4.215 kHz (1/2 octave below the geometric mean of the primaries) showed a poor correlation with the lessened susceptibility to repeated noise exposure. The concept describing a dynamic mechanism of repair of sensory elements proposed by a number of investigators to explain recovery from sound exposure may account for the increasing resistance to the effects of repeated noise exposure as detected by both DPEs and behavioral responses. [Work supported by NINCDS.]
Ca Pre-rinse Greatly Increases Plaque and Plaque Fluid F (2008)

Previous studies demonstrated that a Ca pre-treatment greatly increases salivary F from a subsequent NaF rinse. This study examines if these increases are found in plaque and plaque fluid F. Thirteen individuals accumulated plaque before rinsing with: (1) 12 mmol/L NaF (228 microg/g F), (2) 150 mmol/L Ca rinse, or (3) the Ca rinse followed by the F rinse. One hr later, plaque samples were collected, the plaque fluid was recovered, and the plaque residues were extracted 5 times with pH 6.8 or pH 4.8 buffers, and then by acid. The F in each extract after the Ca rinse/F rinse greatly exceeded the corresponding F from the NaF rinse. Consequently, the Ca rinse/F rinse increased the total plaque F and the plaque fluid F by 12x and 5x, compared with the NaF rinse alone. These and the previous salivary results suggest that a Ca pre-treatment may increase the cariostatic effects of topical F agents.
Treatment planning for brachytherapy: an integer programming model, two computational approaches and experiments with permanent prostate implant planning (1999)

An integer linear programming model is proposed as a framework for optimizing seed placement and dose distribution in brachytherapy treatment planning. The basic model involves using 0/1 indicator variables to describe the placement or non-placement of seeds in a prespecified three-dimensional grid of potential locations. The dose delivered to each point in a discretized representation of the diseased organ and neighbouring healthy tissue can then be modelled as a linear combination of the indicator variables. A system of linear constraints is imposed to attempt to keep the dose level at each point to within specified target bounds. Since it is physically impossible to satisfy all constraints simultaneously, each constraint uses a variable to either record when the target dose level is achieved, or to record the deviation from the desired level. These additional variables are embedded into an objective function to be optimized. Variations on this model are discussed and two computational approaches--a branch-and-bound algorithm and a genetic algorithm--for finding 'optimal' seed placements are described. Results of computational experiments on a collection of prostate cancer cases are reported. The results indicate that both optimization algorithms are capable of producing good solutions within 5 to 15 min, and that small variations in model parameters can have a measurable effect on the dose distribution of the resulting plans.
Isolation of a thermotolerant bacterium producing medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoate (2011)

A major issue regarding industrial production of microbial PHAs is their much higher production cost compared with conventional petrochemical-based plastic materials. Especially significant are the cost of a fermentative substrate and the running cost to maintain a temperature suitable for microbial growth. Thus, strain SG4502, isolated in this study, which assimilates BDF by-product and produces PHA at high temperature, would be very useful for practical application in industry.
Facile, Efficient Routes to Diverse Protected Thiols and to Their Deprotection and Addition to Create Functional Polymers by Thiol−Ene Coupling (2008)

Carbazole, dinitrobenzoate, phenol, pyridine, and 4-cyano-4‘-alkoxybiphenyl side groups were grafted onto pendant vinyl groups of polybutadiene (PB) by thiol−ene addition to yield functional polymer of polydispersity equal to that of the precursor material. Synthesis protocols that are clean (>90% conversion to desired product) and scalable were developed to incorporate a protected thiol group into functional precursors. The resulting acetyl or benzoyl thioesters are suitable for long-term storage, and are conveniently deprotected and added to polymer in a matter of hours in a straightforward procedure that does not require isolation of the thiol intermediate. Alternatively, PB functionalization could be achieved with equal success by reaction with β-mercaptoethanol (BME), and subsequent esterification of the incorporated hydroxyl groups with a suitable acyl halide. The chemistry described can potentially be applied to add any side group onto any polymer, copolymer, or block copolymer displaying pendant vinyl groups.
Tandem Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Consisting of Floating Electrode Supported by Non-Conductive Glass Mesh (2010)

A tandem dye-sensitized solar cell consisting of two electrodes in one cell is reported. The tandem cell (Cell TAN GF) has a floating electrode (bottom cell) and a TiO2 electrode prepared on a F doped SnO2 glass (top cell). The floating electrode is a flexible and self-standing composite film consisting of a porous titania/dye layer supported by a glass mesh. The Incident Photon to Current Conversion Efficiency (IPCE) curve for the Cell TAN GF had two peaks corresponding to visible absorptions of the two dyes. The open circuit voltage (Voc) of the Cell TAN GF (0.82 V) was higher than that of the corresponding single cell (0.6-0.64 V). These results demonstrated that the Cell TAN GF has a potential for tandem cells. The Voc of Cell TAN GF was almost the same as that of Cell TAN (0.88 V) in which the glass mesh was replaced by a conductive stainless steel mesh having a protective layer, leading to the conclusion that a conductive layer is not necessarily needed.
Detection of Autoantibodies to Recombinant Mitochondrial Proteins in Patients with Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (1989)

Primary biliary cirrhosis is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies to mitochondria with specific reactivity to proteins of 74 and 52 kilodaltons (kd). The 74-kd mitochondrial protein is the E2 component--dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase--of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, and the 52-kd protein is the equivalent E2 component--dihydrolipoamide acyltransferase--of the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex. Current methods for the detection of antibodies to these proteins lack specificity or sensitivity, or they are time-consuming and not readily available. We therefore developed an enzyme-linked immunoassay to quantify specific antimitochondrial antibodies in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Recombinant polypeptides coding for both the 74-kd and the 52-kd mitochondrial autoantigens were used to analyze 217 coded serum samples, including samples from 93 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and 124 controls, for reactivity by our immunoassay, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence testing. Serum samples from 89 of the 93 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis reacted with either the pyruvate dehydrogenase-E2 or the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase protein. None of the 124 control samples from healthy volunteers (n = 86) or patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (n = 38) had significant reactivity. Our results indicate that the use of recombinant, cloned autoantigens provides a simple, accurate, and rapid method of quantifying and monitoring the levels of specific mitochondrial autoantibodies in the serum of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.
Scanning Matrix Displays With Wavelets (2009)

Wavelets-based techniques for scanning the root-mean-squared (RMS) responding passive matrix displays are reviewed. Principle of line-by-line and multi-line implementation of these techniques is discussed. Analysis of the wavelets based techniques that are useful to display a large number of gray shades without flicker is presented in this paper.
State-of-charge estimation for lithium-ion batteries via a coupled thermal-electrochemical model (2015)

Accurate online state-of-charge (SoC) estimation is a basic need and also a fundamental challenge for battery applications. In order to achieve accurate SoC estimation for the lithium-ion batteries, we employ a coupled thermal-electrochemical model. This coupled system of an ordinary differential equation (ODE) and a partial differential equation (PDE) is simpler than the Doyle-Fuller-Newman (DFN) model, and is more accurate than the single particle model (SPM) alone. Thus, it could serve as a better fit of model for a full state observer design and accurate SoC estimation. PDE backstepping approach is utilized to develop a Luenberger observer for the electrode concentration, and estimation effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulation results.
Composition dependence of the synergistic effect of nucleating agent and plasticizer in poly(lactic acid): A Mixture Design study (2016)

Blends consisting of commercial poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(lactic acid) oligomer (OLA8) as plasticizer and a sulfonic salt of a phthalic ester and poly(D-lactic acid) as nucleating agents were prepared by melt extrusion, following a Mixture Design approach, in order to systematically study mechanical and thermal properties as a function of composition. The full investigation was carried out by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and tensile tests. The crystallization half-time was also studied at 105 C as a function of the blends composition. A range of compositions in which the plasticizer and the nucleation agent minimized the crystallization half-time in a synergistic way was clearly identified thanks to the application of the Mixture Design approach. The results allowed also the identification of a composition range to maximize the crystallinity developed during the rapid cooling below glass transition temperature in injection moulding, thus allowing an easier processing of PLA based materials. Moreover the mechanical properties were discussed by correlating them to the chemical structural features and thermal behaviour of blends.
3-D Active Vision System (1985)

The capability of vision is desired in many applications in which a machine interacts with its surrounding environment. Detecting and recognizing 3-dimensional objects in a 3-D environment is an especially challenging task. In this paper we describe a high speed 3-D sensor which produces, at a high rate of speed, a dense range map of an object. The high data rate is obtained by using a triangulation scheme which utilizes a holographic scanner to position the laser beam on the object, a digital angle detector to determine the angle to the laser spot on the object and a pipelined processor to calculate the range to the object. The limits to the resolution of this type of 3-D vision sensor will be discussed.
Nonradiative energy transfer between colloidal quantum dot-phosphors and nanopillar nitride LEDs (2012)

We present in this communication our study of the nonradiative energy transfer between colloidal quantum dot (QD) phosphors and nitride nanopillar light emitting diodes (LEDs). An epitaxial p-i-n InGaN/GaN multiple quantum-well (QW) heterostructure was patterned and dry-etched to form dense arrays of nanopillars using a novel etch mask consisting of self-assembled In3Sn clusters. Colloidal QD phosphors have been deposited into the gaps between the nanopillars, leading to sidewall coupling between the QDs and InGaN QW emitters. In this approach, close QW-QD contact and a low-resistance design of the LED contact layer were achieved simultaneously. Strong non-radiative energy transfer was observed from the InGaN QW to the colloidal QD phosphors, which led to a 263% enhancement in effective internal quantum efficiency for the QDs incorporated in the nanopillar LEDs, as compared to those deposited over planar LED structures. Time-resolved photoluminescence was used to characterize the energy transfer process between the QW and QDs. The measured rate of non-radiative QD-QW energy-transfer agrees well with the value calculated from the quantum efficiency data for the QDs in the nanopillar LED.
Monitoring and Testing of Middleware Based Software Applications (1999)

NOVELTY - The method involves generating observation and validation code in response to defined events, the code generating traces of the defined events. The trace is sent to report an occurrence of detected event by the code after detecting the occurrence of the event at run-time. Information includes the occurrence order and location of the detected event occurs is carried by the trace. USE - Used for on-line testing the middleware based, distributed application software during run-time in telecommunications, automation, and databases. ADVANTAGE - The methods are independent of a choice of implementation language and make possible the monitoring and testing of the implementation still being developed or a final version. It is not necessary to specify the behavior of entire system and possible to focus the monitoring and testing only on a specific part/behavior of the entire system.
Design Study of a Nuclear Material Detection System Based on a Quasi Monochromatic Gamma Ray Generator and a Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence Gamma Ray Detection System (2011)

Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence (NRF) measurement is a powerful tool for isotope detection for the homeland security such as a non-destructive material testing for identification of special nuclear materials (SNM) hidden in containers at airports or harbours. In this paper, we will discuss on basic design of a hybrid SNM inspection system using a D-D neutron source, detectors of neutron and gamma ray, a quasi-monochromatic gamma ray generator based on the backward Compton scattering of laser light on high-energy electrons, and an NRF gamma ray detection system using a high-speed scintillation detector.
A current-saving match-line sensing scheme for content-addressable memories (2003)

A match-line sensing scheme that reduces power consumption in content-addressable memories by dynamically allocating less power to match-lines with more mismatches is described. This scheme is implemented in a 256/spl times/144 bit CAM using 1.2 V 0.13 /spl mu/m CMOS achieving a 2 ns search time at 1.3 fJ/bit/search.
Mvc: Advanced Low Bit Rate Codec For Mobile Multimedia (2000)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Tampere, Finland, 2000
See 7-μm capillaries in your own eye (1990)

We are in the process of constructing a vascular entoptoscope suitable for hands-on museum use. The entoptoscope will allow the user to view the smallest details of the retinal vasculature in the macular area and to measure the size of the foveal avascular zone. The device is user friendly and requires only that the user have a pupil size of at least 3 mm and be able to hold his or her head relatively still. Furthermore, because the vascular entoptoscope produces an entoptic view of the vessels, it is not sensitive to variations in refractive errors. Therefore, appropriate refractive corrections (i.e., spectacles or contact lenses) are not necessary for sharp visualization of the capillaries. The device uses the optical principles of Maxwellian view to image a uniformly illuminated blue test field on the retina. The exit pupil of the system is 0.75 mm in diameter and rotates at a rate of 3 4 Hz around a point approximately centered in the entrance pupil of the eye. Depending on the embellishments added, a museum-durable vascular entoptoscope can be built for $12,000 $16,000, or less if several units are constructed at one time.
Amine Accelerators for Methacrylate Resin Systems (1971)

Tertiary aromatic amines were synthesized with various nitrogen and ring substituents. They were compared with commercial homologues using composites based on dimethacrylate monomer formulations containing benzoyl peroxide. Equimolar amounts of the different amines were the only variables. Although accelerating ability was a function of both ring and nitrogen substitution, color stability was influenced more by the substituents on the ring than by the substituents on the nitrogen
Electrically pumped semiconductor laser with low spatial coherence and directional emission (2019)

We design and fabricate an on-chip laser source that produces a directional beam with low spatial coherence. The lasing modes are based on the axial orbit in a stable cavity and have good directionality. To reduce the spatial coherence of emission, the number of transverse lasing modes is maximized by fine-tuning the cavity geometry. In a cavity with the size of hundreds of micrometers, 1000 transverse modes lase simultaneously and independently, reducing the speckle contrast to 0.03. Decoherence is reached in a few nanoseconds as a result of frequency detuning of lasing modes. Such rapid decoherence will facilitate applications in ultrafast speckle-free full-field imaging.
Beneficial Effect of Carbon Dioxide in Dehydrogenation of Ethylbenzene to Styrene over Zeolite-Supported Iron Oxide Catalyst (1997)

Abstract In dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene with carbon dioxide over zeolite-supported iron oxide catalyst, ethylbenzene was predominantly converted into styrene by an oxidative manner. Carbon dioxide in this reaction played a role as an oxidant to greatly improve catalytic activity as well as coke resistance of catalyst.
Synthesis of Fullerenes in Low Pressure Benzene/Oxygen Diffusion Flames (1999)

The interest in fullerenes is strongly increasing since their discovery by Kroto et al. in 1985 as products of the evaporation of carbon into inert gas at low pressure. Due to their all carbon closed-shell structure, fullerenes have many exceptional physical and chemical properties and a large potential for applications such as superconductors, sensors, catalysts, optical and electronic devices, polymers, high energy fuels, and biological and medical materials. This list is still growing, because the research on fullerenes is still at an early stage. Fullerenes can be formed not only in a system containing only carbon and an inert gas, but also in premixed hydrocarbon flames under reduced pressure and fuel rich conditions. The highest yields of fullerenes in flames are obtained under conditions of substantial soot formation. There is a need for more information on the yields of fullerenes under different conditions in order to understand the mechanisms of their formation and to enable the design of practical combustion systems for large-scale fullerene production. Little work has been reported on the formation of fullerenes in diffusion flames. In order to explore the yields of fullerenes and the effect of low pressure in diffusion flames, therefore we constructed and used a low pressure diffusion flame burner in this study.
Cementum–periodontal ligament complex regeneration using the cell sheet technique (2008)

This study suggests that the multilayered temperature-responsive culture system can be used as a novel strategy for periodontal regeneration. The human periodontal ligament cell sheet technique may be applicable for regeneration of the clinical periodontal ligament-cementum complex.