gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interferon treatment of chronic active hepatitis C during therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (1999)

Due to concerns that antineoplastic therapy produces prolonged decrease in immune function, interferon treatment of chronic active hepatitis C (CAHC) has been used only at one year or longer after the end of cancer therapy. We report the experience of an 11-year-old who developed symptomatic CAHC at the start of maintenance therapy for testicular relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Significant dose reduction of maintenance therapy did not improve the tolerance of antileukemic treatment. In an effort to improve his liver disease and to deliver effective antileukemic therapy, interferon alpha and an alternative maintenance therapy regimen for ALL were initiated. The patient tolerated the combined therapy well. Interferon therapy was continued for 27 months, which was three months from the end of antineoplastic therapy. At that time serum transaminase values were normal, and no HCV viral genome was detectable. Viral genome was detected 10 months later. The combined effects of interferon and antineoplastic therapy resulted in myelosuppression requiring dose reduction of both treatments. The patient remains asymptomatic and with no evidence of recurrent leukemia more than six years from diagnosis of relapse. The effect on the status of this patient's CAHC was similar to that reported among leukemic patients who underwent an interferon course more than one year from the end of antineoplastic therapy. Interferon treatment of CAHC can be given concomitantly with antineoplastic therapy.
A multi-block data compression method based on arithmetic coding for a library database (1992)

Statistical analysis of the distributional and correlational properties of the characters in a large library data file with formatted records leads to the employment of a number of cumulative probability distributions to encode characters in various fields of each record. The performance of the proposed technique is compared with those of two-pass and adaptive character-based arithmetic coding methods. Experimental results show that the proposed technique yields a 13.6 to 13.9% increase in compression for a file in the Sydney Micro Library System.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Caloric Restriction Study Design Limitations in Rodent and Nonhuman Primate Studies (2017)

For a century, we have known that caloric restriction influences aging in many species. However, only recently it was firmly established that the effect is not entirely dependent on the calories provided. Instead, rodent and nonhuman primate models have shown that the rate of aging depends on other variables, including the macronutrient composition of the diet, the amount of time spent in the restricted state, age of onset, the gender and genetic background, and the particular feeding protocol for the control group. The field is further complicated when attempts are made to compare studies across different laboratories, which seemingly contradict each other. Here, we argue that some of the contradictory findings are most likely due to methodological differences. This review focuses on the four methodological differences identified in a recent comparative report from the National Institute on Aging and University of Wisconsin nonhuman primate studies, namely feeding regimen, diet composition, age of onset, and genetics. These factors, that may be influencing the effects of a calorie restriction intervention, are highlighted in the rodent model to draw parallels and elucidate findings reported in a higher species, nonhuman primates.
Parallel cholesterol crystals: A sign of impending plaque rupture (2013)

Background Currently, there are no available methods that can reliably predict when or if an atheroma will rupture. Recent reports suggest cholesterol crystals (CCs), present within the necrotic core, are sharp and can penetrate and disrupt the fibrous cap, contributing to plaque rupture. Our aim is to show CC, normally distributed at random within the necrotic core, often develop a parallel configuration at the site of plaque disruption (PD) which may be a sign of impending plaque rupture. Methods and results The coronary arteries of 83 patients who died of acute coronary disease (ACD) were injected with a colored barium gelatin mass. The arteries were dissected, decalcified, cut at 2-3 mm intervals, and all segments mounted for microscopic study. All segments were reviewed to identify PDs and to determine the frequency of parallel cholesterol crystals (P-CCs) at the site of these PDs. There were 215 separate PDs in 83 patients, with 64 (77%) patients showing more than one PD. P-CCs were present in 126 (59%) of all PDs regardless of plaque size or the severity of luminal stenosis and were present with or without luminal thrombosis. Luminal thrombosis was present in 105 PDs (49%), primarily in those segments showing significant luminal stenosis. There was no significant difference in the frequency of luminal thrombosis in those PDs with or without P-CCs. Conclusions P-CCs are commonly present at the site of PD and may contribute to PD by penetrating and disrupting the fibrous cap. The ability to recognize this parallel configuration may help to identify plaques with impending plaque rupture.
Mechanical Strength Characteristics of Fiber Bragg Gratings with Fabrication Process (2005)

Application fields on structural health monitoring of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are gradually expanded even to a primary structure as well as a secondary structure and a specimen. For the reason, verification for the reliability of FBGs such as signal characteristics and mechanical strength becomes much more important. In this study, mechanical strength characteristics of FBGs with their fabrication process and reflectivity are investigated with various grating lengths. From the results of tension tests, it is shown that the mechanical strength of optical fibers decreases about just by jacket stripping and the amount of decrease is dependent on stripping methods. About of mechanical strength of stripped optical fibers decreases if gratings are formed in the core and it is regardless of grating lengths and reflectivity. However, the width of strength distribution increases relative to increases in reflectivity.
A video codec LSI for high-definition TV systems with one-transistor DRAM line memories (1989)

A video codec LSI for high-definition television (HDTV) systems has been developed. By using a time-compressed integration encoding technique, it converts a 20.0-MHz bandwidth luminance signal and two 5.0-MHz chrominance signals into a compressed image signal at 48.6-MHz sampling frequency. It is useful in many HDTV application systems, such as 400-Mb/s digital transmission system, a video disk player system, or an analog transmission system. Over 288000 elements, including a 52-kb one-transistor DRAM (dynamic random access memory) line memory specially developed for this LSI, were integrated on a 12.16*12.10-mm/sup 2/ chip. A standard cell layout method and a 1.2- mu m CMOS logic LSI process were used.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<title>Three-dimensional Fourier analysis methods for digital processing and 3D visualization of confocal transmission images</title> (1995)

We have developed digital 3D Fourier transform methods for comparing the 3D spatial frequency content and hence the axial and transverse resolution of confocal versus conventional microscope images. In particular, we have utilized these techniques to evaluate the performance of our recently-developed confocal transmission microscope for bright field and Nomarski DIC imaging. We have also found that Fourier methods, such as the Hibert transform, can be successfully employed to overcome the difficulty of visualizing differentially-shaded phase objects, in 3D, that have been acquired using transmission DIC optics.
Comparison between Culture Conditions Improving Growth and Differentiation of Blood and Bone Marrow Cells Committed to the Endothelial Cell Lineage (2010)

The aim of this study was to compare different cell sources and culture conditions to obtain endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) with predictable antigen pattern, proliferation potential and in vitro vasculogenesis. Pig mononuclear cells were isolated from blood (PBMCs) and bone marrow (BMMCs). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were also derived from pig bone marrow. Cells were cultured on fibronectin in the presence of a high concentration of VEGF and low IGF-1 and FGF-2 levels, or on gelatin with a lower amount of VEGF and higher IGF-1 and FGF-2 concentrations. Endothelial commitment was relieved in almost all PBMCs and BMMCs irrespective of the protocol used, whilst MSCs did not express a reliable pattern of EPC markers under these conditions. BMMCs were more prone to expand on gelatin and showed a better viability than PBMCs. Moreover, about 90% of the BMMCs pre-cultured on gelatin could adhere to a hyaluronan-based scaffold and proliferate on it up to 3 days. Pre-treatment of BMMCs on fibronectin generated well-shaped tubular structures on Matrigel, whilst BMMCs exposed to the gelatin culture condition were less prone to form vessel-like structures. MSCs formed rough tubule-like structures, irrespective of the differentiating condition used. In a relative short time, pig BMMCs could be expanded on gelatin better than PBMCs, in the presence of a low amount of VEGF. BMMCs could better specialize for capillary formation in the presence of fibronectin and an elevated concentration of VEGF, whilst pig MSCs anyway showed a limited capability to differentiate into the endothelial cell lineage.
Analysis of AML genes in dysregulated molecular networks (2009)

We showed that the integrative approach both utilizing gene expression profiles and molecular networks could identify AML causing genes most of which were not detectable with gene expression analysis alone due to the minor changes in mRNA level.
EPOX Inhibits Angiogenesis by Degradation of Mcl-1 through ERK Inactivation (2009)

Abstract Purpose: Antiangiogenic therapy is considered as an effective strategy for controlling the growth and metastasis of tumors. Among a myriad of biological activities described for xanthone derivatives, the anticancer activity is quite remarkable, but the molecular mechanism is not clearly resolved. In the present study, we investigated the antiangiogenic mechanism of 3,6-di(2,3-epoxypropoxy)xanthone (EPOX), a novel Mcl-1 targeting drug. Experimental Design: To evaluate the antiangiogenic activity of EPOX, we did cell viability, cell cycle, tube formation assay in vitro, and Matrigel plug assay in vivo. To evaluate the effect of EPOX on the endothelial signaling pathway, we did immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence analysis. Intracellular glutathione levels were determined with the use of monochlorobimane, a glutathione-specific probe. Results: EPOX induced endothelial cell apoptosis in association with proteasome-dependent Mcl-1 degradation. Down-regulation of Mcl-1 resulted in an increase in Mcl-1–free Bim, activation of Bax, and then signaling of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Additionally, glutathione depletion and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inactivation was observed in EPOX-treated cells. Glutathione supplementation reversed the inhibitory effects of EPOX on ERK, which increases the phosphorylation of Mcl-1 at T163. Overexpression of mitogen-activated protein/ERK kinase (MEK) partially reversed the effect of EPOX on Mcl-1 dephosphorylation, ubiquitination, and degradation, further implicating ERK in the regulation of Mcl-1 stability. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that EPOX induces glutathione depletion, ERK inactivation, and Mcl-1 degradation on endothelial cells, which leads to inhibition of angiogenesis. Our results suggest that EPOX is a novel antiangiogenic agent, making it a promising lead compound for further development in the treatment of angiogenesis-related pathologies.
Joint rate control for coding multiple video objects (2002)

This paper describes an algorithm which achieves a constant bit rate when coding multiple video objects. This implementation is based on the current MPEG-4 video verification model. Each object maintains its own set of parameters. With these parameters an initial target estimate is made for each object. Based on the buffer fullness, the total target is adjusted and then distributed proportional to the size, motion, and variance of each object. Appropriate quantization parameters can be calculated for each video object based on the new individual targets and second order model parameters. This algorithm assures that the target bit rate is achieved for low latency video coding.
Novel .pi.-extended thiophene-fused electron acceptors for organic metals (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel .pi.-extended thiophene-fused electron acceptors for organic metalsPilar De la Cruz, Nazario Martin, Fuencisla Miguel, Carlos Seoane, Armando Albert, Felix H. Cano, Araceli Gonzalez, and Jose M. PingarronCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 23, 6192–6198Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00049a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00049a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1307Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Augmented-reality communication for diagnostic tasks in cardiology (1998)

In the CardiAssist project, a teleconsultation module has been implemented that uses both ultrasound images and three-dimensional (3-D) animated heart models as common artifacts to support communication between medical professionals. Real images and conceptual models are linked as "augmented reality" so that the models provide orientation for diagnostic tasks in cardiology. Hypotheses or results can be documented on the image or the abstract level, as the heart model can be modified to include pathological details. In teleconsultation, pointing references accelerate communication between physicians of different backgrounds.
Acclimation of tobacco plantlets to ex vitro conditions as affected by application of abscisic acid (1998)

Plantlets of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Petit Havana SR1 were grown in vitro on Murashige and Skoog medium containing 2% saccharose, and then transplanted ex vitro into pots with coarse sand and Hewitt nutrient solution. In the first day after transplantation, the antitranspirant abscisic acid (ABA; 0.01, 0.05 or 0.10 mM) was added to the substrate. Leaf stomatal conductance (gs), which was high in plants during the first days after transplantation similarly as in plantlets grown in vitro, was considerably decreased by ABA-treatment. However, in the further days gs decreased more quickly in control than in ABA-treated plants, and after 2 or 3 weeks gs was significantly lower than that of plantlets grown in vitro but similar in control and ABA-treated plants. Two weeks after transplantation, net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll a+b content, maximal photochemical efficiency, and actual quantum yield of photosystem II in plant leaves were higher in comparison with those in plantlets grown in vitro. ABA-treatment had slight positive or insignificant effect on photosynthetic parameters and enhanced plant growth. Thus ABA application can alleviate ‘transplant shock’ and speed up acclimation of plantlets to ex vitro conditions.
FRET Studies on a Series of BODIPY‐Dye‐Labeled Switchable Resorcin[4]arene Cavitands (2010)

A series of borondipyrromethane (BODIPY)-dye-labeled resorcin[4]arene cavitands 1-4 with different lengths of oligo(phenylene-ethynylene) spacers between the dyes and the macrocyclic rim has been synthesized. Their switching behavior from the "vase" to "kite" conformations in bulk solution was examined by both variable-temperature (VT) NMR and fluorescence spectroscopy. Both VT-NMR and VT fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) experiments showed that cavitands 1-4 undergo vase-to-kite switching at low temperatures. Acid-triggered switching to the kite conformation was observed by fluorescence spectroscopy. Quantitative evaluation of the FRET data led to the determination of the Förster radius R(0)=37 Å for the BODIPY-dye FRET pair and an average cavitand opening angle α=16° in the vase conformation.
Probe Molecule Kinetic Studies of Adsorption on MCM-41 (2003)

Gases and vapors of varying dimensions were used as probes to investigate the adsorption processes on MCM-41 and precipitated silica, prepared by the same method as for MCM-41, but without the template. The adsorption kinetics of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, n-nonane, and α-pinene were studied for different amounts of preadsorbed gas/vapor as a function of relative pressure. The adsorption kinetics follow a linear driving force model for changes in surface coverage up to the adsorption isotherm plateaus. The variation of rate constant with relative pressure for MCM-41 and precipitated silica showed marked differences associated with adsorption in mesoporous structure, which are attributed to alignment of molecules in the mesopores leading to a pore blocking effect. The results are discussed in terms of differences in the adsorption mechanisms of gas/vapor diffusion in porous materials.
Molecular Delivery System for Antisense Oligonucleotides: Enhanced Effectiveness of Antisense Oligonucleotides by HVJ-liposome Mediated Transfer (1997)

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides for in vitro and in vivo studies is limited by a low efficiency of cellular uptake and instability due to degradation by nucleases. To overcome some of these problems, we recently developed a transfer method that utilizes inactivated Sendai virus (hemagglutinating virus of Japan [HVJ]) complexed with liposomes to deliver antisense oligodeoxynucleotides. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of the HVJ-liposome method versus a cationic liposome method versus passive uptake to deliver antisense oligodeoxynucleotides against basic fibroblast growth factor on angiotensin (Ang) II-induced rat vascular smooth muscle cell growth. METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty to twenty-eight hours after transfection, antisense fibroblast growth factor oligodeoxynucleotides introduced by passive uptake and HVJ-liposome method decreased basal DNA synthesis significantly as compared to the sense, control, and scrambled oligodeoxynucleotides groups; however, 60-68 hours after transfection, only antisense fibroblast growth factor oligodeoxynucleotides transduced by the HVJ-liposome method resulted in a significant inhibition of DNA synthesis under basal and Ang II-(10(-;6)M) stimulated conditions. The IC(25) of oligodeoxynucleotides assessed by the inhibition of thymidine incorporation was significantly lower using the HVJ-liposome method than those using the other transfer methods. To clarify the mechanisms of cellular uptake of oligodeoxynucleotides with the HVJ-liposome method, we studied the cellular fate of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled oligodeoxynucleotides FITC-oligodeoxynucleotides was localized in nuclei at 5 minutes after transfection with the HVJ-liposome method. In contrast, FITC-oligodeoxynucleotides introduced by passive uptake was detected in nonnuclear cellular compartments, possibly endosomes, but not the nuclei. Cellular fluorescence of oligodeoxynucleotides introduced by passive uptake disappeared within 24 hours, while that introduced by the HVJ-liposome method could be observed up to 72 hours. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that the HVJ-liposome transfer enhanced the effectiveness of AS-fibroblast growth factor via its specific molecular mechanisms of transfer.
Application of a MYC degradation screen identifies sensitivity to CDK9 inhibitors in KRAS-mutant pancreatic cancer (2019)

Stabilization of the MYC oncoprotein by KRAS signaling critically promotes the growth of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Thus, understanding how MYC protein stability is regulated may lead to effective therapies. Here, we used a previously developed, flow cytometry-based assay that screened a library of >800 protein kinase inhibitors and identified compounds that promoted either the stability or degradation of MYC in a KRAS-mutant PDAC cell line. We validated compounds that stabilized or destabilized MYC and then focused on one compound, UNC10112785, that induced the substantial loss of MYC protein in both two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cell cultures. We determined that this compound is a potent CDK9 inhibitor with a previously uncharacterized scaffold, caused MYC loss through both transcriptional and posttranslational mechanisms, and suppresses PDAC anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent growth. We discovered that CDK9 enhanced MYC protein stability through a previously unknown, KRAS-independent mechanism involving direct phosphorylation of MYC at Ser<sup>62</sup> Our study thus not only identifies a potential therapeutic target for patients with KRAS-mutant PDAC but also presents the application of a screening strategy that can be more broadly adapted to identify regulators of protein stability.
Generating Images For A Time-Multiplexed Stereoscopic Computer Graphics System (1987)

Stereoscopic images provide unique visual information not available in the planar computer-graphics images which have come to be called "3-D." However, special care must be taken in generating stereoscopic pairs of images for computer graphics. The creation of stereoscopic images requires observing special constraints which do not occur in generating planar "3-D" graphics, in order to produce three-dimensional images which are not distorted, are comfortable to view for long periods, and which appear to have appropriate z-axis depth. The interrelated stereoscopic factors of convergence, accommodation, homologous points, retinal disparity, and binocular symmetry are explained. The effects on the stereoscopic CRT image of positive, negative, zero, and uncrossed parallax values are described, and various special problems and solutions related to images with negative parallax are discussed. Limitations prescribed by the accommodation/convergence ratio and by the use of off-screen effects are proposed. Procedures are offered to writers of software for the creation of properly-prepared images for display on a flickerless time-multiplexed stereoscopic CRT display system, with consideration given to extrastereoscopic cues, screen geometry, and initialization parameters. A useful stereoscopic camera model is described, in which the mapping of points in world coordinates is designated, along with parallax governors to prevent the display of discomfort-producing images. Algorithms are given for the generation of images in the correct format for the system described.