gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of a High-Efficiency Hot Gas Turbo-expander and Low-Cost Heat Exchangers for Optimized CSP Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Operation (2019)

Southwest Research Institute® (SwRI®) has developed a novel, high-efficiency, supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO<sub>2</sub>), hot gas turbo-expander optimized for the highly-transient, solar-powerplant, duty-cycle profile. This MW-scale sCO<sub>2</sub> turbo-expander design advances the state-of-theart of sCO<sub>2</sub> turbo-expanders from a current Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of three (initial, small-scale, laboratory, size testing) to a full TRL6 (MW-scale prototype demonstration). A secondary objective of this project was to optimize novel compact heat exchangers for sCO<sub>2</sub> applications to drastically reduce their manufacturing costs. Significant learning was achieved on how to design and fabricate a more cost effective, high performance recuperator, at the MWt capacity. The sCO<sub>2</sub> turbo-expander and novel sCO<sub>2</sub> heat exchanger have been tested in a 1- MWe sCO<sub>2</sub> test loop, fabricated to demonstrate component performance and the performance of the optimized sCO<sub>2</sub> Brayton cycle over a wide range of part load conditions and during transient operations representative of a typical Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) duty cycle. The scalable sCO<sub>2</sub> expander design and improved heat exchanger address and close two critical technology gaps required for an optimized CSP sCO<sub>2</sub> power plant and provide a major stepping stone on the pathway to achieving CSP power at $\$ $0.06/kW-hr Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE), increasing energy conversion efficiency to greater than 50% and reducing total power block cost to below $\$ $1,200/kW installed. Construction of the facility and testing has been completed. Test targets of 1,320°F, 27,000 rpm, and 3,500 psi were reached during separate tests. Overall, the turbine saw 37.5 hours of operation with many other hours of testing and troubleshooting all of the loop components. All the test data and troubleshooting is useful and applicable for future tests and operations with not only this loop but in any sCO2 application.
A Novel Class of Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitors Induces Angiogenesis and Exerts Organ Protection Against Ischemia (2007)

The present study uncovered beneficial effects of novel PHD inhibitors preferentially binding to the active site of PHD.
Lipid Structural Effects of Oral Administration of Methylphenidate in<i>Drosophila</i>Brain by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Imaging (2015)

We use time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) imaging to investigate the effects of orally administrated methylphenidate on lipids in the brain of Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly), a major invertebrate model system in biological study and neuroscience. TOF-SIMS imaging was carried out using a recently designed high energy 40 keV Ar4000(+) gas cluster ion gun which demonstrated improved sensitivity for intact lipids in the fly brain compared to the 40 keV C60(+) primary ion gun. In addition, correlation of TOF-SIMS and SEM imaging on the same fly brain showed that there is specific localization that is related to biological functions of various biomolecules. Different lipids distribute in different parts of the brain, central brain, optical lobes, and proboscis, depending on the length of the carbon chain and saturation level of fatty acid (FA) branches. Furthermore, data analysis using image principal components analysis (PCA) showed that methylphenidate dramatically affected both the distribution and abundance of lipids and their derivatives, particularly fatty acids, diacylglycerides, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylinositol in the fly brains. Our approach using TOF-SIMS imaging successfully visualizes the effects of methylphenidate on the chemical structure of the fly brain.
Health Management Technology Integration and Verification (2015)

The Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation (SAC) and the U.S. Army Aviation Development Directorate - Aviation Applied Technology Directorate (ADD-AATD) have jointly sponsored the Capability-Based Operations and Sustainment Technology-Aviation (COST-A) program. The objective of COST-A has been to develop and demonstrate an integrated set of high-value diagnostics, prognostics, and system health management technologies for six different rotorcraft systems with a focus on reduced maintenance burden without sacrificing safety. A major challenge was the integration and verification of constituent technologies within a fully-integrated, representative software environment in parallel to technology development and validation. This paper describes the COST-A integrated system and technology verification process used. Over 40 advanced technologies were successfully integrated and verified within the COST-A system. Results documented herein focus on integration and verification highlights for each of the six rotorcraft systems to illustrate the challenges, technical approach, general success, and lessons learned.
New CoSi/sub 2/ SALICIDE technology for 0.1 μm processes and below (2002)

A new CoSi/sub 2/ salicide technology with thin Ti capping layer has been developed to improve the formation and thermal stability of sub-0.1 /spl mu/m CoSi/sub 2//Poly stacks. Previously both Co/Ti and conventional processes have been used successfully to produce 0.1 /spl mu/m lines. However, the former technique has a wider process window to obtain uniform silicide films reproducibly.
Rewarding Effects of AMPA Administration into the Supramammillary or Posterior Hypothalamic Nuclei But Not the Ventral Tegmental Area (2004)

We examined whether injections of the excitatory amino acid AMPA are rewarding when injected into the posterior hypothalamus and ventral tegmental area. Rats quickly learned to lever-press for infusions of AMPA into the supramammillary or posterior hypothalamic nuclei but failed to learn to lever-press for similar injections into the ventral tegmental areas. AMPA injections into the supramammillary nucleus, but not the ventral tegmental area, induced conditioned place preference. The rewarding effects of AMPA appear to be mediated by AMPA receptors, because coadministration of the AMPA antagonist CNQX blocked the rewarding effects of AMPA, and administration of the enantiomer R-AMPA did not mimic the rewarding effects. AMPA injections into the supramammillary nucleus, but not the ventral tegmental area, also increased extracellular dopamine concentrations in the nucleus accumbens. Pretreatment with the D1 dopamine antagonist SCH 23390 [R-(+)-7-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine] led to extinction of AMPA self-administration. These findings implicate posterior hypothalamic regions in reward function and suggest that reward mechanisms localized around the ventral tegmental area are more complex than has been assumed recently.
Motion planning with temporal-logic specifications: Progress and challenges (2015)

Integrating task and motion planning is becoming increasingly important due to the recognition that a growing number of robotics applications in navigation, search-and-rescue missions, manipulation, and medicine involve reasoning with both discrete abstractions and continuous motions. The problem p oses unique computational challenges: a vast hybrid discrete/continuous space must be searched while accounting for complex geometries, motion dynamics, collision avoidance and temporal goals. This paper takes the position that continued progress relies on integrative approaches that bring together techniques from robotics and AI. In this context, the paper examines robot motion planning with temporal-logic specifications and discusses open challenges and directions for future research. The paper aims to promote a continuing dialog between robotics and AI communities.
Automatic skeletal muscle segmentation through random walks and graph-based seed placement (2012)

In this paper we propose a novel skeletal muscle segmentation method driven from discrete optimization. We introduce a graphical model that is able to automatically determine appropriate seed positions with respect to the different muscle classes. This is achieved by taking into account the expected local visual and geometric properties of the seeds through a pair-wise Markov Random Field. The outcome of this optimization process is fed to a powerful graph-based diffusion segmentation method (random walker) that is able to produce very promising results through a fully automated approach. Validation on challenging data sets demonstrates the potentials of our method.
Latent Dirichlet Decomposition for Single Channel Speaker Separation (2006)

We present an algorithm for the separation of multiple speakers from mixed single-channel recordings by latent variable decomposition of the speech spectrogram. We model each magnitude spectral vector in the short-time Fourier transform of a speech signal as the outcome of a discrete random process that generates frequency bin indices. The distribution of the process is modeled as a mixture of multinomial distributions, such that the mixture weights of the component multinomials vary from analysis window to analysis window. The component multinomials are assumed to be speaker specific and are learned from training signals for each speaker. We model the prior distribution of the mixture weights for each speaker as a Dirichlet distribution. The distributions representing magnitude spectral vectors for the mixed signal are decomposed into mixtures of the multinomials for all component speakers. The frequency distribution, i.e the spectrum for each speaker, is reconstructed from this decomposition
Entry control in network-on-chip for memory power reduction (2008)

As high-end mobile embedded systems become data-intensive, the off-chip memory is becoming a major contributor to the total energy consumption. Especially, high-end mobile chips accommodate dedicated hardware blocks, e.g., codec and 3D graphics IP's, required for both performance and power consumption reasons. Those IP's usually do not have a large shared memory on chip. Thus, they communicate with each other via the off-chip DDR memory increasing off-chip memory accesses, which increases memory energy consumption during read/write operations. In this paper, we present a method of reducing memory energy consumption during read/write operations. It aims at minimizing the number of row opens and closes, which are the major source of energy consumption during read/write operations. The basic idea is to apply network entry control to prioritize consecutive open row memory accesses. The experimental results show up to 35% reduction in memory energy consumption with an industrial strength multimedia mobile SoC.
Solvent Free Fabrication of Biodegradable Porous Polymers (2004)

Biodegradable porous polymers with interconnected pores of sub-micrometers to a few hundred micrometers find many applications in emerging technology areas such as tissue engineering, controlled drug delivery, and biochemical sensors. However, most of the current fabrication processes involve organic solvents and chemical blowing agents that may cause environmental concerns and leave residues harmful to biological cells. This paper presents a solvent free fabrication approach for biodegradable porous polymers. Ultrasound cavitation is introduced after the solid state foaming process to produce open cell structures. The material used in this study is polylactic acid (PLA). It belongs to a family of biodegradable polymers that can be used for tissue engineering scaffolds. In order to identify suitable conditions to apply ultrasound, a saturation and foaming study is conducted for the PLA-CO2 gas polymer system. The effects of various process variables are discussed.
Sibpair studies implicate chromosome 18 in essential hypertension (2003)

Interest in chromosome 18 in essential hypertension comes from comparative mapping of rat blood pressure quantitative trait loci (QTL), familial orthostatic hypotensive syndrome studies, and essential hypertension pedigree linkage analyses indicating that a locus or loci on human chromosome 18 may play a role in hypertension development. To further investigate involvement of chromosome 18 in human essential hypertension, the present study utilized a linkage scan approach to genotype twelve microsatellite markers spanning human chromosome 18 in 177 Australian Caucasian hypertensive (HT) sibling pairs. Linkage analysis showed significant excess allele sharing of the D18S61 marker when analyzed with SPLINK (P = 0.00012), ANALYZE (Sibpair) (P = 0.0081), and also with MAPMAKER SIBS (P = 0.0001). Similarly, the D18S59 marker also showed evidence for excess allele sharing when analyzed with SPLINK (P = 0.016), ANALYZE (Sibpair) (P = 0.0095), and with MAPMAKER SIBS (P = 0.014). The adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1 gene (ADCYAP1) is involved in vasodilation and has been co-localized to the D18S59 marker. Results testing a microsatellite marker in the 3' untranslated region of ADCYAP1 in age and gender matched HT and normotensive (NT) individuals showed possible association with hypertension (P = 0.038; Monte Carlo P = 0.02), but not with obesity. The present study shows a chromosome 18 role in essential hypertension and indicates that the genomic region near the ADCYAP1 gene or perhaps the gene itself may be implicated. Further investigation is required to conclusively determine the extent to which ADCYAP1 polymorphisms are involved in essential hypertension.
Stereoscopic uses of diffraction gratings (1988)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Marcelo Trivi and Hector J. Rabal, "Stereoscopic uses of diffraction gratings," Appl. Opt. 27, 1007-1009 (1988) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Glutamate-Induced Disruption of the Blood-Brain Barrier in Rats (1996)

The findings of the present study suggest that glutamate, a major neurotransmitter in the brain, increases permeability of the blood-brain barrier to low-molecular-weight molecules and dilates cerebral arterioles via a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism.
A new synthesis of substituted azulenes (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA new synthesis of substituted azulenesDavid A. Becker and Rick L. DanheiserCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 1, 389–391Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00183a071https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00183a071research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1226Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Supramolecular-Structured Hydrogels Showing a Reversible Phase Transition by Inclusion Complexation between Poly(ethylene glycol) Grafted Dextran and α-Cyclodextrin (2001)

Supramolecular-structured hydrogels were prepared on basis of the inclusion complexation between poly(ethylene glycol) grafted dextrans and α-cyclodextrins (α-CDs) in aqueous media. The inclusion complexes from the PEG grafted dextrans showed a unique gel−sol phase transition which cannot be obtained from usual polymer inclusion complexes that form crystalline precipitates. The gel−sol transition was based on the supramolecular assembly and dissociation, and the transition was reversible with hysteresis. The transition temperature was controllable by variation in the polymer concentration and the PEG content in the graft copolymers as well as the stoichiometric ratio between the guest and host molecules. The properties of the hydrogel were characterized by DSC, X-ray diffraction, and 13C CP/MAS NMR. The X-ray diffraction data indicated that the gel contains a channel-type crystalline structure, demonstrated by a strong reflection at 2θ = 20° (d = 4.44 Å). It was confirmed from the DSC and 13C CP/MAS NMR measurements that all the PEG grafts participate in the complexation. A phase-separated structure consisting of hydrophobic and channel-type crystalline PEG inclusion complex domains and hydrated dextran matrices was suggested as the internal structure, which comprises the supramolecular-structured hydrogel.
Thymidine Kinases: The Enzymes and their Clinical Usefulness (1993)

Thymidine kinases (TK) convert thymidine, or deoxythymidine (dT) to the respective monophosphate. TK occurs in many different procaryotic and eucaryotic species and different TK isoenzymes are found within the same eucaryotic cell. One isoenzyme (foetal, cytoplasmic, TK1) is associated with cell division while the other (adult, mitochondrial, TK2) is cell cycle independent. The relative isoenzyme activities in a tissue thus reflect the fraction of proliferating cells. The gene encoding TK1 has been cloned for many species and regulation of its expression is known to be complex. Increases in TK activity appear to correlate with the presence of human neoplasia and disease progression and regression have been reported to correlate with TK levels in many cancer types. TK estimations in human lymphoproliferative diseases have implicated this enzyme as an early marker of maldifferentiation. TK levels may also be increased in non-dividing mammalian cells infected with RNA or DNA viruses. Some virus encoded TK has been shown to differ biochemically, immunologically and in substrate specificity from the corresponding TK isoenzymes in target host cells thus facilitating the development of specific antiviral therapeutics. Further, TK1 in leukemic cells may differ biochemically from normal cellular TK1 such that tumor-specific TK may provide a target for tumor detection and therapy. TK quantitation has conventionally been performed in assays of enzyme activity using radiolabeled (3H or 125I) nucleoside substrates. The development of TK1-specific, non-radioisotope based immunoassays and the measurement of TK mRNA in tumour tissue using TK (DNA or RNA) probes may prove sufficiently valuable to be incorporated into the routine clinical management of human cancer.
Vacuum passivated T-gates: a new method for fabricating submicron gates (1990)

This paper will outline a novel technique for fabricating T-gates. Although dependent upon two lithographic exposures, this process is more robust and flexible than existing techniques. The resultant gates are structurally stable, with electrical resistance that can be made arbitrarily small by increasing the size of the T-gate top. Moreover, this gate process is fully compatible with existing MESFET and HEMT fabrication methods. Performance of microwave devices will be presented, contrasting 0.25 tm conventional gates with vacuum passivated T-gates. The T-gates will be shown to offer superior breakdown and gain performance and to produce FET characteristics which remain stable from gate level to final frontside.
ChIP-seq guidelines and practices of the ENCODE and modENCODE consortia (2020)

Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) followed by high-throughput DNA sequencing (ChIP-seq) has become a valuable and widely used approach for mapping the genomic location of transcription-factor binding and histone modifications in living cells. Despite its widespread use, there are considerable differences in how these experiments are conducted, how the results are scored and evaluated for quality, and how the data and metadata are archived for public use. These practices affect the quality and utility of any global ChIP experiment. Through our experience in performing ChIP-seq experiments, the ENCODE and modENCODE consortia have developed a set of working standards and guidelines for ChIP experiments that are updated routinely. The current guidelines address antibody validation, experimental replication, sequencing depth, data and metadata reporting, and data quality assessment. We discuss how ChIP quality, assessed in these ways, affects different uses of ChIP-seq data. All data sets used in the analysis have been deposited for public viewing and downloading at the ENCODE (http://encodeproject.org/ENCODE/) and modENCODE (http://www.modencode.org/) portals.
Polysilicon resonant microbeam technology for high performance sensor applications (2003)

Advances have been made in the fabrication and testing of polysilicon resonant microbeams for application to high performance pressure sensors and accelerometers. Fabrication efforts have centered on three issues: interface integrity, sealing with repeatable vacuum levels and polysilicon piezoresistor performance. The interface issue requires an elimination of residues which can weaken the adhesion of polysilicon to silicon and polysilicon to processed polysilicon. An improved seal and pump technique is based on polysilicon sealing and hydrogen permeation. The sensitivity of the U-shaped piezoresistors used as beam deflection sensors can be compromised by lateral impurity diffusions. These problems can be eliminated by geometric design and heat cycle allocation. Testing of polysilicon resonant microbeams has been conducted to determine their characteristics from -60 to +180 degrees C. The results verify the applicability of resonant microbeams to high performance sensor applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Preventing Pandemics Via International Development: A Systems Approach (2012)

Tiffany Bogich and colleagues find that breakdown or absence of public health infrastructure is most often the driver in pandemic outbreaks, whose prevention requires mainstream development funding rather than emergency funding.
Flexoelectric effect in a bent-core mesogen (2009)

The flexoelectricity in a bent-core liquid crystal was evaluated quantitatively using two independent electrooptic methods. The absolute value of the bend flexoelectric coefficient e 3 was measured to be about 15.8 pC m−1. Our results revealed that there is little difference between the flexoelectricity of bent-core mesogens and that of conventional calamitic mesogens, i.e. in the same pC m−1 order. The principles of the methods used are reviewed in detail.