gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi-Modal Local Physiological Sensing at the Intravenous Catheter Insertion Site : Towards Automated IV Infiltration Detection (2020)

Intravenous (IV) catheter therapy is prevalent in hospital and clinical settings, delivering necessary fluid, nutrients, or pharmacological treatments to patients. An IV is typically inserted by a trained vascular access team member in a peripheral vein such that the delivered fluid enters the vasculature directly and is distributed through normal cardiovascular mechanisms to desired regions within the body. The inadvertent leakage of fluid outside the vascular space into the surrounding tissue can occur due to movement of the catheter tip out of the vein with patient motion, or from mechanical or chemical damage to the venous wall. This complication is referred to as an IV infiltration or extravasation and is considered a medical emergency as it can result in tissue damage or even necrosis for the patient. Standard of care for detecting an infiltration involves subjective evaluation by nurses or caregivers: specifically, a "look, feel and compare" approach is applied to detect swelling or changes in skin temperature associate with the fluid in the extravascular space. Our team has engineered a wearable, multi-modal sensing system for detecting local physiological changes around the IV catheter insertion site; we monitor electrical bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) for quantifying extravascular fluid, skin temperature at two positions around the site, and motion with two inertial measurement units. We have successfully deployed the system at Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and performed initial feasibility studies in a total of 9 pediatric participants, and have developed algorithms for reducing variability in the BIS measurements associated with motion. While no subject has had an IV infiltration yet, we demonstrated high quality measurements of all parameters in the recordings, and that motion correction of the BIS signals reduced variability when the IV catheter was known to be successfully delivering fluid to the veins. This study sets the foundation for future work where we aim to demonstrate automatic and accurate detection of IV infiltration in pediatric patients with our wearable system and associated algorithms.
A novel performance descriptor for ultrasonic strain imaging: a preliminary study (2006)

Ultrasonic strain imaging that uses signals from conventional diagnostic ultrasound systems is capable of showing the contrast of tissue elasticity, which provides new diagnostically valuable information. To assess and improve the diagnostic performance of ultrasonic strain imaging, it is essential to have a quantitative measure of image quality. Moreover, it is useful if the image quality measure is simple to interpret and can be used for visual feedback while scanning and as a training tool for operator performance evaluation. This report describes the development of a novel quantitative method for systematic performance assessment that is based on the combination of measures of the accuracy of motion tracking and consistency among consecutive strain fields. The accuracy of motion tracking assesses the reliability of strain images. The consistency among consecutive strain images assesses the signal quality in strain images. The clinical implications of the proposed method to differentiate good or poor strain images are discussed. Results of experiments with tissue-mimicking phantoms and in vivo breast-tissue data demonstrate that the performance measure is a useful method for automatically rating elasticity image quality.
Grounded Semantic Parsing for Complex Knowledge Extraction (2015)

Recently, there has been increasing interest in learning semantic parsers with indirect supervision, but existing work focuses almost exclusively on question answering. Separately, there have been active pursuits in leveraging databases for distant supervision in information extraction, yet such methods are often limited to binary relations and none can handle nested events. In this paper, we generalize distant supervision to complex knowledge extraction, by proposing the first approach to learn a semantic parser for extracting nested event structures without annotated examples, using only a database of such complex events and unannotated text. The key idea is to model the annotations as latent variables, and incorporate a prior that favors semantic parses containing known events. Experiments on the GENIA event extraction dataset show that our approach can learn from and extract complex biological pathway events. Moreover, when supplied with just five example words per event type, it becomes competitive even among supervised systems, outperforming 19 out of 24 teams that participated in the original shared task.
Constrained X-ray tensor tomography reconstruction (2015)

Quite recently, a method has been presented to reconstruct X-ray scattering tensors from projections obtained in a grating interferometry setup. The original publications present a rather specialised approach, for instance by suggesting a single SART-based solver. In this work, we propose a novel approach to solving the inverse problem, allowing the use of other algorithms than SART (like conjugate gradient), a faster tensor recovery, and an intuitive visualisation. Furthermore, we introduce constraint enforcement for X-ray tensor tomography (cXTT) and demonstrate that this yields visually smoother results in comparison to the state-of-art approach, similar to regularisation.
Identification and characterization of a new cognitive enhancer based on inhibition of insulin‐regulated aminopeptidase (2008)

Approximately one-quarter of people over the age of 65 are estimated to suffer some form of cognitive impairment, underscoring the need for effective cognitive-enhancing agents. Insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP) is potentially an innovative target for the development of cognitive enhancers, as its peptide inhibitors exhibit memory-enhancing effects in both normal and memory-impaired rodents. Using a homology model of the catalytic domain of IRAP and virtual screening, we have identified a class of nonpeptide, small-molecule inhibitors of IRAP. Structure-based computational development of an initial "hit" resulted in the identification of two divergent families of compounds. Subsequent medicinal chemistry performed on the highest affinity compound produced inhibitors with nanomolar affinities (K(i) 20-700 nM) for IRAP. In vivo efficacy of one of these inhibitors was demonstrated in rats with an acute dose (1 nmol in 1 microl) administered into the lateral ventricles, improving performance in both spatial working and recognition memory paradigms. We have identified a family of specific IRAP inhibitors that is biologically active which will be useful both in understanding the physiological role of IRAP and potentially in the development of clinically useful cognitive enhancers. Notably, this study also provides unequivocal proof of principal that inhibition of IRAP results in memory enhancement.
Accelerated and motion‐robust in vivo <scp>T</scp><sub>2</sub> mapping from radially undersampled data using bloch‐simulation‐based iterative reconstruction (2015)

The presented MSE data-processing framework offers reliable mapping of T2 relaxation values in a ∼ 5-minute timescale, free of user- and scanner-dependent variations. The use of radial k-space sampling provides further advantages in the form of high immunity to irregular physiological motion, as well as enhanced spatial resolutions, owing to its inherent ability to perform alias-free limited field-of-view imaging.
Carbon molecular sieve membranes for natural gas separations (2010)

A new innovative polymer pyrolysis method was proposed for creation of attractive carbon molecular sieve (CMS) membranes. Oxygen exposure at ppm levels during pyrolysis was hypothesized and demonstrated to make slit-like CMS structures more selective and less permeable, which I contrary to ones expectation. Indeed prior to this work, any exposure to oxygen was expected to result in removal of carbon mass and increase in permeability. The results of this study indicated that the separation performance and CMS structure may be optimized for various gas separations by careful tuning of the oxygen level. This finding represents a breakthrough in the field of CMS membranes. Simple replacement of pyrolysis atmospheres from vacuum to inert can enable scale-up. The deviation in CMS membrane performance was significantly reduced once oxygen levels were carefully monitored and controlled. The method was shown to be effective and repeatable not only with dense films but also with asymmetric hollow fiber membranes. As a result, this work led the development of the "inert" pyrolysis method which has overcome the challenges faced with previously studied pyrolysis method to prepare attractive CMS membranes.\n\nThe effect of oxygen exposure during inert pyrolysis was evaluated by a series of well-controlled experiments using homogeneous CMS dense films. Results indicated that the oxygen "doping" process on selective pores is likely governed by equilibrium limited reaction rather than (i) an external or (ii) internal transport or (iii) kinetically limited reaction. This significant finding was validated with two polyimide precursors: synthesized 6FDA/BPDA-DAM and commercial Matrimid®, which implies a possibility of the "inert" pyrolysis method application extending towards various precursors. The investigation was further extended to prepare CMS fibers. Despite the challenge of two different morphologies between homogeneous films and asymmetric hollow fibers, the "inert" pyrolysis method was successfully adapted and shown that separation performance can be tuned by changing oxygen level in inert pyrolysis atmosphere. Moreover, resulting CMS fibers were shown to be industrially viable. Under the operating condition of ~80 atm high pressure 50/50 CO2/CH4 mixed gas feed, the high separation performance of CMS fibers was shown to be maintained. In addition, elevated permeate pressures of ~20 atm did effect the theoretically predicted separation factor. While high humidity exposures (80%RH) resulted in reduced permeance, high selectivity was sustained in the fibers. Recommendations to overcome such negative effects as well as future investigations to help CMS membranes to be commercialized are provided.
Targeting the mesenchymal subtype in glioblastoma and other cancers via inhibition of diacylglycerol kinase alpha (2017)

Our findings demonstrate that a DGKα-GGTase I pathway can be targeted to combat the treatment-resistant mesenchymal cancer phenotype. Combining therapies with greater activity against each GBM subtype may represent a viable therapeutic option against GBM.
Transmission digital holographic microscopy based on a beam-splitter cube interferometer (2009)

A new optical configuration for digital holographic microscopy is presented. Digital off-axis holograms are recorded by use of a single cube beam splitter in a nonconventional configuration to both split and combine a diverging spherical wavefront as it emerges from a single point source. Both the amplitude and the phase can then be reconstructed, yielding intensity and phase images with improved resolution. The novelty of the proposed configuration is its simplicity, minimal number of optical elements, insensitivity to vibration, and its inherent capability to compensate for the phase curvature that results from the illuminating wavefront in the case of microscopic samples.
Electrophoresis-Assisted Active Immunoassay (2003)

An active assay can be defined as that in which diffusion-controlled reactions are replaced by active delivery of analytes to probe molecules. The present paper describes an electrophoresis-assisted version of an active ELISA performed in tubes or wells with a dialysis membrane attached to their bottoms. The permeability of such a membrane to small ions allows us to apply electric field perpendicular to the membrane surface and to rapidly transport and concentrate charged macromolecular analytes in its vicinity. Probe molecules were either adsorbed or covalently linked to a modified surface of a membrane from regenerated cellulose. An active assay was performed both in separate cells and in 96-well microplates. It was demonstrated that the active assay format allows one (i) to reduce assay time to minutes instead of hours, (ii) to increase sensitivity by a factor of 10-300, and (iii) to capture within 10 min up to 70% of all the analyte molecules present in 0.36 mL of solution.
Mixed multi-threshold differential cascode voltage switch (MT-DCVS) circuit styles and strategies for low power VLSI design (2001)

Article Share on Mixed multi-threshold differential cascode voltage switch (MT-DCVS) circuit styles and strategies for low power VLSI design Authors: W. Chen IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile , W. Hwang IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile , P. Kudva IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile , G. Gristede IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile , S. Kosonocky IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile , R. Joshi IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile Authors Info & Claims ISLPED '01: Proceedings of the 2001 international symposium on Low power electronics and designAugust 2001 Pages 263–266https://doi.org/10.1145/383082.383156Online:06 August 2001Publication History 6citation4,358DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations6Total Downloads4,358Last 12 Months3Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Effect of fiber reinforcements on thermo-oxidative stability and mechanical properties of polymer matrix composites (1992)

A number of studies have investigated the thermo-oxidative behavior of polymer matrix composites. Two significant observations have been made from these research efforts: (1) fiber reinforcement has a significant effect on composite thermal stability; and (2) geometric effects must be considered when evaluating thermal aging data. A compilation of some results from these studies is presented, and this information shows the influence of the reinforcement fibers on the oxidative degradation of various polymer matrix composites. The polyimide PMR-15 was the matrix material that was used in these studies. The control composite material was reinforced with Celion 6000 graphite fiber. T-40R graphite fibers, along with some very stable ceramic fibers were selected as reinforcing fibers because of their high thermal stability. The ceramic fibers were Nicalon (silicon carbide) and Nextel 312 (alumina-silica-boron oxide). The mechanical properties of the two graphite fiber composites were significantly different, probably owing to variations in interfacial bonding between the fibers and the polyimide matrix. The Celion 6000/PMR-15 bond is very tight but the T-40/PMR-15 bond is less tight. Three oxidation mechanisms were observed: (1) the preferential oxidation of the Celion 6000 fiber ends at cut surfaces, leaving a surface of matrix material with holes where the fiber ends were originally situated; (2) preferential oxidation of the composite matrix; and (3) interfacial degradation by oxidation. The latter two mechanisms were also observed on fiber end cut surfaces. The fiber and interface attacks appeared to initiate interfiber cracking along these surfaces.
Kernel Topic Models (2011)

Latent Dirichlet Allocation models discrete data as a mixture of discrete distributions, using Dirichlet beliefs over the mixture weights. We study a variation of this concept, in which the documents' mixture weight beliefs are replaced with squashed Gaussian distributions. This allows documents to be associated with elements of a Hilbert space, admitting kernel topic models (KTM), modelling temporal, spatial, hierarchical, social and other structure between documents. The main challenge is efficient approximate inference on the latent Gaussian. We present an approximate algorithm cast around a Laplace approximation in a transformed basis. The KTM can also be interpreted as a type of Gaussian process latent variable model, or as a topic model conditional on document features, uncovering links between earlier work in these areas.
A novel paradigm for protection and treatment for seasonal allergy (2013)

Here we detail our approach to validate our hypothesis that peptide sequence from environmental allergens may be used as potential vaccine candidate for seasonal allergy. Seasonal allergy is caused by exposure of susceptible individuals to environmental allergens, such as pollens and microbes, which causes the release of inflammatory mediators causing the symptoms of allergy. Currently there is no treatment or therapy of allergy, except controlling the symptoms of the disease. We have identified a peptide, from a native protein, against which we found significant amount of ‘auto‐antibodies’ in healthy horses compared to animals with recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), an animal model for seasonal allergy. Computational sequence analysis of peptide has revealed significant homology to various environmental allergens, including the common etiological agent Aspergillums . Further analysis of eight more healthy horses validated our hypothesis that peptide specific antibodies may be protective. Therefore, we hypothesize that active protective immunity to allergy can be generated in susceptible horses and immune response of healthy horses can be modified by proper vaccination protocol using this peptide.
Hypersusceptibility to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in HIV-1 (2002)

NNRTI hypersusceptibility is common among patient HIV-1 isolates, especially in NRTI-resistant viruses. Genotypic correlates of hypersusceptibility are complex and not easily defined by a simple analysis of NRTI-associated resistance mutations. NNRTI hypersusceptibility may provide an explanation for the superior virologic response to NNRTI-containing salvage regimens observed in NRTI-experienced patients in several clinical trials.
Stabilization of nanoparticles under biological assembly conditions using peptoids (2011)

Sequence-specific polymers are proving to be a powerful approach to assembly and manipulation of matter on the nanometer scale. This has been most impressive in the case of DNA, and progress has been made toward templating inorganic nanoparticles using DNA nanostructures. One obstacle to this progress is that inorganic nanomaterials are often incompatible with DNA assembly conditions, which involve aqueous solutions high in either or both monovalent and divalent salt. Synthetic oligopeptide ligands have been shown by others to improve nanoparticle stability in high concentrations of monovalent salt. Ligands that are peptoids, or sequence-specific N-functional glycine oligomers, allow precise and flexible control over the arrangement of binding groups, steric spacers, charge, and other functionality. We have synthesized short peptoids that can prevent the aggregation of gold nanoparticles in high-salt environments including divalent salt, and allow coadsorption of a single DNA molecule. This degree of precision and versatility is likely to prove essential in bottom-up assembly of nanostructures and in biomedical applications of nanomaterials.
Bug Localization by Learning to Rank and Represent Bug Inducing Changes (2018)

In software development, bug localization is the process finding portions of source code associated to a submitted bug report. This task has been modeled as an information retrieval task at source code file, where the report is the query. In this work, we propose a model that, instead of working at file level, learns feature representations from source changes extracted from the project history at both syntactic and code change dependency perspectives to support bug localization.
The Catalyst for Growing Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition Method (2009)

The complexity of the catalyst's actual role and properties, along with the numerous synthesis parameters for the growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), has hindered the efforts to understand the formation of this fascinating material. In this manuscript, we review and discuss the data regarding the properties and peculiarities of a wide variety of catalyst nanoparticles available in the scientific literature, in order to reveal common features that are favorable for SWCNTs growth. A special effort is made to show the influence of the support material on the thermodynamic properties of the catalyst and, thereby, on the growth path of the nanotubes. This review is an attempt to help guide the catalyst search for SWCNT growth.
Tetramer-assisted identification and characterization of epitopes recognized by HLA A*2402–restricted Epstein-Barr virus–specific CD8+ T cells (2003)

We determined cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes through screening with a computer-assisted algorithm and an enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay using in vitro-reactivated polyclonal Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific CD8(+) T cells as responders. In addition, to confirm that the epitopes were generated after endogenous processing and presentation of the EBV proteins, a novel T-cell receptor (TCR) down-regulation assay was introduced, in which a fluorescent tetrameric major histocompatibility complex (MHC)/peptide complex was employed for detecting TCR down-regulation after stimulation with the epitope presented on antigen-presenting cells. Through such screening, 3 HLA A*2402-restricted epitopes were identified: IYVLVMLVL, TYPVLEEMF, and DYNFVKQLF, derived from LMP2, BRLF1, and BMLF1 proteins, respectively. TCR down-regulation assays disclosed that, in contrast to the other 2 epitopes, IYVLVMLVL was not presented on HLA A24-positive fibroblast cells infected with recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing LMP2. Furthermore, ELISPOT assays with an epitope-specific CTL clone demonstrated that the presentation was partially restored by pretreatment of the fibroblast cells with interferon-gamma. The epitope was presented on transporters associated with antigen processing (TAP)-negative T2 cells transfected with plasmids encoding HLA A*2402 and the minimal epitope, indicating that the presentation is TAP independent. In conclusion, the 3 epitopes thus defined could be useful for studying EBV-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses among populations positive for HLA A*2402.