gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of dextran-producing Weissella strains isolated from sourdoughs and evidence of constitutive dextransucrase expression (2010)

The study of exopolysaccharide production by heterofermentative sourdough lactic acid bacteria has shown that Weissella strains isolated from sourdoughs produce linear dextrans containing α-(1→6) glucose residues with few α-(1→3) linkages from sucrose. In this study, several dextran-producing strains, Weissella cibaria and Weissella confusa, isolated from sourdough, were characterized according to carbohydrate fermentation, repetitive element-PCR fingerprinting using (GTG)(5) primers and glucansucrase activity (soluble or cell-associated). This study reports, for the first time, the characterization of dextransucrase from Weissella strains using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and in situ polymer production (after incubation with sucrose) from enzymatic fractions harvested from both sucrose and glucose culture media. Results demonstrate that dextransucrase activity was mainly soluble and associated with a constitutive 180-kDa protein. In addition, microsequencing of the active dextransucrase from W. cibaria LBAE-K39 allowed the design of specific primers that could detect the presence of glucansucrase encoding genes similar to GTFKg3 of Lactobacillus fermentum Kg3 and to DSRWC of W. cibaria CMU. This study hence indicates that sourdough Weissella strains synthesize original dextransucrase.
Cyber Security Threat Modeling for Supply Chain Organizational Environments (2019)

Cyber security in a supply chain (SC) provides an organization the secure network facilities to meet its overall business objectives. The integration of technologies has improved business processes, increased production speed, and reduced distribution costs. However, the increased interdependencies among various supply chain stakeholders have brought many challenges including lack of third party audit mechanisms and cascading cyber threats. This has led to attacks such as the manipulation of the design specifications, alterations, and manipulation during distribution. The aim of this paper is to investigate and understand supply chain threats. In particular, the paper contributes towards modeling and analyzing CSC attacks and cyber threat reporting among supply chain stakeholders. We consider concepts such as goal, actor, attack, TTP, and threat actor relevant to the supply chain, threat model, and requirements domain, and modeled the attack using the widely known STIX threat model. The proposed model was analyzed using a running example of a smart grid case study and an algorithm to model the attack. A discrete probability method for calculating the conditional probabilities was used to determine the attack propagation and cascading effects, and the results showed that our approach effectively analyzed the threats. We have recommended a list of CSC controls to improve the overall security of the studied organization.
A Low-Power CMOS Crystal Oscillator Using a Stacked-Amplifier Architecture (2017)

This paper presents a low-power 39.25-MHz crystal oscillator with a new stacked-amplifier architecture achieving the smallest figure of merit (FoM) ever reported for a crystal oscillator for wireless communications. Theoretical analyses of the power consumption and the phase noise (PN) in the proposed stacked-amplifier architecture are newly provided to clarify the reason why the proposed stacked-amplifier architecture achieves the smallest FoM. Additionally, a new self-forward-body-biasing technique and flicker noise suppression technique are shown to reduce the minimum operational supply voltage (VDD(MIN)) and the PN, respectively. The proposed 3.3-V, 39.25-MHz stackedamplifier crystal oscillator fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process exhibits the smallest FoM for a crystal oscillator of -248 dBc/Hz with a power consumption of 19 μW and PN of -139 dBc/Hz at 1-kHz offset frequency. The relative frequency errors among 11 samples at temperatures of -30 °C to 80 °C and for ±10% supply voltage variation are ±10.5 ppm and ±0.12 ppm, respectively. The long-term frequency error is -0.98 ppm in the first year (=365 days).
Review—Non-Invasive Monitoring of Human Health by Exhaled Breath Analysis: A Comprehensive Review (2020)

Exhaled human breath analysis is a very promising field of research work having great potential for diagnosis of diseases in non-invasive way. Breath analysis has attracted huge attention in the field of medical diagnosis and disease monitoring in the last two decades. VOCs/gases (Volatile Organic Compounds) in exhaled breath bear the finger-prints of metabolic and biophysical processes going on in human body. It’s a non-invasive, fast, non-hazardous, cost effective, and point of care process for disease state monitoring and environmental exposure assessment in human beings. Some VOCs/gases in exhaled breath are bio-markers of different diseases and their presence in excess amount is indicative of un-healthiness. Breath analysis has the potential for early detection of diseases. However, it is still underused and commercial device is yet not available owing to multiferrious challenges. This review is intended to provide an overview of major biomarkers (VOCs/gases) present in exhaled breath, importance of their analysis towards disease monitoring, analytical techniques involved, promising materials for breath analysis etc. Finally, related challenges and limitations along with future scope will be touched upon.
Performance Evaluation and Real-Time Implementation of Subspace, Adaptive, and DFT Algorithms for Multi-tone Detection (1996)

We evaluate MUSIC, LMS, and the Goertzel algorithms for dual-tone multiple-frequency estimation. We rate their computational requirements,estimation errors, and their compliance with the CCITT Q.23 and Q.24 standards through MATLAB simulations and real-time implementations on the ADSP-2101 and Motorola 56001 processors.
Plasma growth hormone pattern and androgens influence the levels of corticosteroid-binding globulin in rat serum (1989)

The serum concentration of corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) is higher in female rats than in males. Combined hypophysectomy and gonadectomy of female rats reduced the serum concentration of CBG as measured by steady-state polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, whereas hypophysectomy of male rats increased serum CBG. These effects were seen despite replacement therapy with thyroxine and glucocorticoids. Moreover, neither androgen nor oestrogen treatment affected the serum concentrations of CBG in hypophysectomized rats. Continuous infusions of human or bovine GH (1.4 U/kg per day), by means of osmotic minipumps for 1 week, increased serum concentrations of CBG in both hypophysectomized male and female rats. In contrast, intermittent GH replacement therapy by s.c. injections at 12-h intervals either had no effect or suppressed serum CBG levels. In male rats, neonatal (days 1-2) gonadectomy increased CBG levels more than did prepubertal (day 25) gonadectomy, and testosterone replacement therapy reversed these effects. It is concluded that GH increases the serum CBG levels of hypophysectomized rats when it is given in a continuous manner, but not when given intermittently. The sex difference in serum CBG levels of normal rats may, therefore, be attributed to the more continuous secretory pattern of GH previously observed in female rats.
Obtaining nanoimprint template gratings with 10 nm half-pitch by atomic layer deposition enabled spacer double patterning (2013)

A strategy for fabricating nanoimprint templates with sub-10 nm line and 20 nm pitch gratings is demonstrated, by combining electron beam lithography and atomic layer deposition. This is achieved through pitch division using a spacer double-patterning technique. The nanostructures are then replicated using step-and-repeat ultra-violet assisted nanoimprint lithography.
Synthesis and Characterization of Two Aromatic Silicon-Containing Dianions:The 2,3,4,5-Tetraphenylsilole Dianion and the 1,1'-Disila-2,2',3,3',4,4',5,5'-Octaphenylfulvalene Dianion (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and Characterization of Two Aromatic Silicon-Containing Dianions:The 2,3,4,5-Tetraphenylsilole Dianion and the 1,1'-Disila-2,2',3,3',4,4',5,5'-Octaphenylfulvalene DianionJang-Hwan Hong, Philip Boudjouk, and Stephen CastellinoCite this: Organometallics 1994, 13, 9, 3387–3389Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00021a005https://doi.org/10.1021/om00021a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views390Altmetric-Citations128LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Seven-Gene Locus for Synthesis of Phenazine-1-Carboxylic Acid by <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> 2-79 (1998)

Pseudomonas fluorescens 2-79 produces the broad-spectrum antibiotic phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA), which is active against a variety of fungal root pathogens. In this study, seven genes designated phzABCDEFG that are sufficient for synthesis of PCA were localized within a 6.8-kb BglII-XbaI fragment from the phenazine biosynthesis locus of strain 2-79. Polypeptides corresponding to all phz genes were identified by analysis of recombinant plasmids in a T7 promoter/polymerase expression system. Products of the phzC, phzD, and phzE genes have similarities to enzymes of shikimic acid and chorismic acid metabolism and, together with PhzF, are absolutely necessary for PCA production. PhzG is similar to pyridoxamine-5'-phosphate oxidases and probably is a source of cofactor for the PCA-synthesizing enzyme(s). Products of the phzA and phzB genes are highly homologous to each other and may be involved in stabilization of a putative PCA-synthesizing multienzyme complex. Two new genes, phzX and phzY, that are homologous to phzA and phzB, respectively, were cloned and sequenced from P. aureofaciens 30-84, which produces PCA, 2-hydroxyphenazine-1-carboxylic acid, and 2-hydroxyphenazine. Based on functional analysis of the phz genes from strains 2-79 and 30-84, we postulate that different species of fluorescent pseudomonads have similar genetic systems that confer the ability to synthesize PCA.
Autoconfiguration technologies for IPv6 multicast service in mobile ad-hoc networks (2003)

This paper presents the autoconfiguration technologies that can be used for the service of multicast applications such as video conferencing in IPv6-based mobile ad-hoc networks. Because the mobile node can configure a unicast address through IPv6 unicast address autoconfiguration and some applications that need multicast address allocation can get a unique multicast address through IPv6 multicast address autoconfiguration, the user of a mobile node can use some types of multicast services easily with zero configuration.
Isolation and Structure of Platencin: A FabH and FabF Dual Inhibitor with Potent Broad‐Spectrum Antibiotic Activity (2007)

Two birds with one stone: Platencin (1) is a novel and potent broad-spectrum Gram-positive antibiotic. Whereas platensimycin is a selective inhibitor of FabF, platencin exerts its activity by a novel mode of action by dual inhibition of FabH and FabF. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2007/z701058_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
High prevalence of antifungal resistance in <i>Candida</i> spp. from patients with AIDS (1994)

Three hundred and forty-eight isolates of Candida spp. from patients treated at a regional infectious diseases unit for AIDS, immunocompromised patients admitted to the Hope Hospital and isolates referred from around the North West of England were tested for their in-vitro susceptibility to amphotericin B, fluconazole and flucytosine using standardized methods. Candida albicans comprised 73% of isolates, Candida glabrata 10% and Candida parapsilosis 7%. Ninety-six percent of isolates were susceptible to amphotericin B and resistance to > or = 12.5 mg/L fluconazole was found in 61 (17.5%) of the 348 isolates tested. Among isolates from patients with AIDS the incidence of fluconazole resistance was 33% whereas in other patients the incidence was only 11%. Flucytosine resistance was seen in only 12 (3.4%) isolates, 11 of which were C. albicans and in 6.5% of isolates from patients with AIDS. Resistance to fluconazole and flucytosine is now sufficiently prevalent among Candida spp. isolated from patients with AIDS to warrant routine susceptibility testing of yeast isolates.
Advanced Testing Tool for .NET Applications (2017)

This article proposes a tool for testing .NET applications without the need to preconfigure the target application. By using this tool, the user can visualize and control application code in an intuitive and understandable way. The tool also has features to collect statistics from code execution to help understand how the code behaves. All this leads to significantly reduced time spent during the coding and testing phases of software application development, especially for legacy applications in which techniques like TDD (test driven development) or Unit testing are not possible.
Recent Trends in the Discovery, Development, and Evaluation of Antifungal Agents (1987)

Phyllis C. Braun (with R. Hector) is a contributing author, "Effects of Bifonazole on chitin synthesis in Candida albicans", pp. 369-382. Book description: International telesymposium on recent trends in the discovery, development and evaluation of antifungal agents.
Synthesis, Characterization, and in Vitro pH-Controllable Drug Release from Mesoporous Silica Spheres with Switchable Gates (2010)

To accomplish pH-controllable drug release on mesoporous carrier, one of the best ways is to graft stimuli-responsive organic molecules around mesopore outlets. In this work, the pH-responsive propyldiethylenetriamine groups (abbreviative phrase: multiamine chains) were grafted around mesopore outlets of mesoporous silica spheres (MSS) and expected to act as pH-responsive gates. To this end, three multiamine-grafted MSS (i.e., NM1, NM2, and NM3) were synthesized under different reaction temperatures and reaction times. The reaction temperature and time for multiamine grafting were 25 °C and 12 h for NM1, 100 °C and 1 h for NM2, and 100 °C and 12 h for NM3, respectively. Through systematic investigations of TEM, SEM, N(2) adsorption/desorption, TG, and (29)Si MAS NMR, it was found that NM3 had the highest grafting amount of multiamine chains. It was further confirmed that the multiamine chains around the pore outlets of NM3 played the role of "molecular switch" that could well control the transport of guest drug molecules. In contrast, the multiamine chains around the pore outlets of NM2 and NM3 did not show gate effect. The difference should be decided by the fact whether the grafting amount of multiamine chains around mesopore outlets were sufficient under determined reaction temperature and time. In the tests of in vitro drug release, multiamine-gated MSS (i.e., NM3) showed highly sensitive response to the solution pH. At high pH (pH 7.5), ibuprofen (IBU) in this carrier released rapidly and completely within 2 h; at low pH (pH 4.0 or 5.0), only a small part of the IBU (13 wt %) was slowly released from this carrier and the most of IBU was effectively confined in mesopores.
Subdomain testing of units and systems with state (2006)

This paper extends basic software-testing theory to software components and adds explicit state to the theory. The resulting theory is simple enough to abstractly model the construction of systems from their parts ('units'). It provides an unconventional insight into the relationship between testing units and testing systems. Experiments exploring the theory support the following conclusions:
Subunit Structure of Spinach Leaf ADPglucose Pyrophosphorylase (1987)

To initiate structural studies of the ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase from spinach an improved purification procedure was devised. The modified purification scheme allowed the isolation of 20 to 30 milligrams pure enzyme from 10 kilogram of spinach leaves. Electrophoresis of the purified enzyme confirmed an earlier study which showed that the enzyme was putatively composed of two subunits (Copeland L, J Preiss 1981 Plant Physiol 68: 996-1001). The two subunits migrate as 51 and 54 kilodalton proteins upon sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Both proteins can be detected on Western blots of leaf homogenates prepared under denaturing conditions suggesting that both subunits exist in vivo. Anion-exchange chromatography in the presence of urea allowed resolution of the 51 and 54 kilodalton proteins. They possess different N-terminal amino acid sequences and tryptic peptide maps. Western blot analysis reveals that the 51 and 54 kilodalton proteins are antigenically dissimilar. The 51 but not the 54 kilodalton protein is immunologically related to the ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase from maize endosperm and potato tuber.
Antidepressant medications and other treatments of depressive disorders: a CINP Task Force report based on a review of evidence (2007)

According to the World Health Organization, depression is one of the most debilitating disorders affecting humankind. The social and economic costs of chronic ill health resulting from untreated or inadequately treated depression are considerable and frequently underestimated.

The CINP established the Task Force on Antidepressant Medications in 2004 to examine all aspects of therapy with antidepressant drugs. This was considered necessary as, despite the availability of effective antidepressants for the past 50 years, a substantial minority of depressed patients either remains untreated or under treated. As the only international organization devoted to the promotion of research, education and the applications of neuropsychopharmacology to the clinic, the main task of the CINP is to extend the knowledge of the drugs that are available with the aim of improving the management of mental disorders. The purpose of this Task Force document was not to produce an academic monograph nor a set of guidelines, but to provide mental health and other professionals with comprehensive and objective information about the different aspects of the use of antidepressants important in clinical practice.

The Task Force consisted of 15 experts in psychiatry, psychopharmacology, public health, economics and family care. The majority of its members are senior members of the CINP. The Task Force was also advised to rely in the course of its work on advisors in different countries selected because of their outstanding expertise in the matters covered by the review. The report presented here was approved by the Executive Committee and the Council of the CINP at its meeting in Chicago in July 2006.

As a service to those engaged in mental health care and to ensure maximum impact, the Task Force review is being published as a supplement to the CINP's journal, the International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology. In addition, the information will later …
La lucha contra la corrupción: propuesta del Banco Mundial (2007)

Pendiente de aprobación por el Comité de Desarrollo una amplia estrategia anticorrupción del Banco Mundial, en este ARI se examina el fuerte matiz político que puede adquirir la actividad del Banco cuando pretenda valorar a fondo el estado de corrupción en países miembros.\n\nEl Banco Mundial presta asistencia regularmente para la introducción de reformas institucionales, muchas de las cuales efectivamente reducen el espacio para la corrupción. La estrategia propuesta ahora es más ambiciosa, porque las actuaciones del Banco se definirían en función de su propia valoración acerca del estado general de corrupción de cada país. Dadas las vinculaciones entre corrupción y poder, y las limitaciones estatutarias impuestas al Banco, conviene reflexionar sobre las implicaciones políticas de este enfoque.
Mastication Suppresses Initial Gastric Emptying by Modulating Gastric Activity (2011)

Because various mastication-related factors influence gastric activity, the functional relationship between mastication and gastric function has not been fully elucidated. To investigate the influence of mastication on gastric emptying and motility, we conducted a randomized trial to compare the effects of mastication on gastric emptying and gastric myoelectrical activity under conditions that excluded the influences of food comminution, taste, and olfaction. A (13)C-acetate breath test with electrogastrography and electrocardiography was performed in 14 healthy men who ingested a test meal with or without chewing gum. Autonomic nerve activity was evaluated by fluctuation analysis of heart rate. Gastric emptying was significantly delayed in the 'ingestion with mastication' group. Gastric myoelectrical activity was significantly suppressed during mastication and increased gradually in the post-mastication phase. A decrease in the high-frequency power of heart rate variability was observed coincidentally with gastric myoelectrical activity suppression. These findings suggest that initial gastric emptying is suppressed by mastication, and that the suppression is caused by mastication-induced inhibition of gastric activity (UMIN Clinical Trial Registration no. UMIN000005351).