gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automated synthesis of interface adapters for reusable classes (1994)

The need to fit together reusable components and system designs in spite of differences in protocol and representation choices occurs often in object-oriented software construction. It is therefore necessary to use adapters to achieve an exact fit between the available “socket” for a reusable part and the actual part. In this paper we discuss an approach to the construction of tools that largely automate the synthesis of adapter code. Such tools are important in reducing the effort involved in reuse since adapter synthesis can be challenging and error-prone in the complex type environment of an object-oriented language. Our approach is applicable to statically typed languages like C++ and Eiffel, and is based on a formal notion of adaptability which is related to but distinct from both subtyping and inheritance.
Seismic design and evaluation of steel moment‐resisting frames with compressed elastomer dampers (2011)

SUMMARY This paper evaluates the hysteretic behavior of an innovative compressed elastomer structural damper and its applicability to seismic‐resistant design of steel moment‐resisting frames (MRFs). The damper is constructed by precompressing a high‐damping elastomeric material into steel tubes. This innovative construction results in viscous‐like damping under small strains and friction‐like damping under large strains. A rate‐dependent hysteretic model for the compressed elastomer damper, formed from a parallel combination of a modified Bouc–Wen model and a non‐linear dashpot is presented. The model is calibrated using test data obtained under sinusoidal loading at different amplitudes and frequencies. This model is incorporated in the OpenSees [17] computer program for use in seismic response analyses of steel MRF buildings with compressed elastomer dampers. A simplified design procedure was used to design seven different systems of steel MRFs combined with compressed elastomer dampers in which the properties of the MRFs and dampers were varied. The combined systems are designed to achieve performance, which is similar to or better than the performance of conventional steel MRFs designed according to current seismic codes. Based on the results of nonlinear seismic response analyses, under both the design basis earthquake and the maximum considered earthquake, target properties for a new generation of compressed elastomer dampers are defined. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
HiGen: A high-speed genderless mechanical connection mechanism with single-sided disconnect for self-reconfigurable modular robots (2014)

The practical effectiveness of modular robotic systems depends heavily on the connection mechanisms used to join their separate entities, particularly for those systems capable of self-reconfiguration. This work presents HiGen, a high-speed genderless mechanical connection mechanism for the docking of robotic modules. HiGen connectors can join with one another in a manner that allows either side to disconnect in the event of failure. During connection electrical contacts are mated, supporting the concurrent use of local and global communication protocols, as well as power sharing techniques. Rapid actuation of the mechanism allows connections to be made and broken at a speed that is, to our knowledge, an order of magnitude faster than existing mechanical genderless approaches that feature single-sided disconnect, benefiting the reconfiguration time of modular robots. The HiGen connector is intended for future work in modular robotics, but could also see use in other areas of robotics for tool and payload attachment.
<p>Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp: challenges and solutions</p> (2019)

Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder defined. It usually affects elderly people and is characterized by extensive pustular lesions, erosions, and crusts located on the scalp. The pathogenesis of this disease is not completely understood, but a known predisposing factor is skin trauma. Autoimmune disorders including rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune hepatitis, Hashimoto thyroiditis, and Takayasu aortitis are associated diseases reported. The clinical examination reveals erythema, erosions, crusts, follicular pustules, and in advanced stages, scarring alopecia. A scalp biopsy is recommended but not specific, founding epidermal atrophy, focal erosions, and a mixed inflammatory infiltrate consisting of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and plasma cells. Bacterial cultures, fungal and viral stains are not necessary and are usually negative. . Topical high-potency corticosteroids, retinoids, calcipotriol, dapsone, and topical tacrolimus are reported treatments, while photodynamic therapy has been effective in some patients, but has induced the disease in others. All the findings are suggestive but not specific, so it is an excluding diagnosis. The combination of predisposing factors is very important for a correct diagnosis, such as elderly age, sun-damaged skin, presence of androgenetic alopecia, together with clinical manifestations, non-specific histology and laboratory investigations negative for other disease. In our opinion, this scalp disease is a challenge for the dermatologist. We review all the literature to better define the possible solutions in case of suspected erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp.
Accumulate: An identity-based blockchain protocol with cross-chain support, human-readable addresses, and key management capabilities (2022)

The Accumulate Protocol ("Accumulate") is an identity-based, Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) blockchain designed to power the digital economy through interoperability with Layer-1 blockchains, integration with enterprise tech stacks, and interfacing with the World Wide Web. Accumulate bypasses the trilemma of security, scalability, and decentralization by implementing a chain-of-chains architecture in which digital identities with the ability to manage keys, tokens, data, and other identities are treated as their own independent blockchains. This architecture allows these identities, known as Accumulate Digital Identifiers (ADIs), to be processed and validated in parallel over the Accumulate network. Each ADI also possesses a hierarchical set of keys with different priority levels that allow users to manage their security over time and create complex signature authorization schemes that expand the utility of multi-signature transactions. A two token system provides predictable costs for enterprise users, while anchoring all transactions to Layer-1 blockchains provides enterprise-grade security to everyone.
Preparation of Hollow Fibre Composite Reverse Osmosis Membrane (2009)

A novel thin-?lm composite (TFC) reverse osmosis (RO) membrane was developed by the interfacial polymerization (IP) of trimesoyl chloride (TMC) and m-phenylene diamine (MPD) on the hollow fibre ultrafiltration polysulphone (PS) membrane. The performance of the TFC membrane was optimized by studying the preparation parameters, which included monomer TMC concentration, monomer MPD concentration and alcohol additive in aqueous solution. The reverse osmosis performance of the resulting membrane was evaluated through permeation experiment with 1000 ppm NaCl at 0.7 MPa. The results showed that the optimum concentration of MPD and TMC were 0.5wt% and 3g/L, respectively. To improve flux, alcohol was added to the aqueous phase, when certain concentration of alcohol was added to the aqueous solution, the flux of the prepared membrane increased from 5.0 to 9.1 L/(m2·h) without loss in salt rejection. The properties and structures of skin layer of RO composite membranes were characterized by AFM. It was found that IP had occurred and the separation layer was formed, and the novel reverse osmosis membrane appears to comprise a thicker, smoother and less cross-linking film structure. Additionally, the TFC membrane exhibits good long-term stability.
The presence of oxidative polymeric materials in encapsulated fish oils (1991)

Encapsulated health food oils such as fish oils are readily available in health food stores, pharmacies, and supermarkets. They are popular in the United States as well as in the European countries. However, such oils, because of their high degree of unsaturation, are easily oxidized and form complex mixtures of high molecular weight oxidation products. The present work reports the application of high-performance size exclusion chromatography to the determination of these materials in encapsulated fish oils. Of the six samples studied, five showed from 1-10% of dimeric triacylglycerols and one contained 6.3% trimeric triacylglycerols and 3.1% oligomeric triacylglycerols. Further investigation of this sample with silicic acid chromatography indicated that it contained a total of 36.3% polar material.
A new approach for adaptive failure diagnostics based on emulation test (2010)

The paper describes a new approach of boundary scan emulation based testing for adaptive failure diagnostics using programmable logic. The motivation to speed up boundary scan based testing as well as the approach taken for this new concept and architecture are presented. With this approach the possibilities of boundary scan testing can be extended by using the available on-board resources for a faster and more real-time oriented test. The new options and benefits, as well as the necessary fundamentals of this approach are indicated. An example and first test results are given as well, to indicate the advantage of the proposed system.
Inhaled dry powder apomorphine (VR040) for ‘off ’ periods in Parkinson's disease: an in-clinic double-blind dose ranging study (2013)

Inhaled apomorphine shows significant promise as a replacement for intermittent subcutaneous injections; further studies are appropriate to optimize efficacy and tolerability.
Astroglia in CNS injury (1991)

The astroglial response to CNS injury is considered in the context of neuron-glial relationships. Although previous models suggested that astroglial cells present in "scars" impede axon regrowth owing to irreversible changes in the glial cell following injury, recent in vivo and in vitro studies indicate that astroglial cells exhibit considerable plasticity, elevating expression of the glial filament protein and altering expression of properties which support axons, including extracellular matrix components and cell surface adhesion systems. Both in vivo and in vitro studies on neuron-glia interactions in different brain regions suggest that glia express region-specific properties, including ion channels, neurotransmitter uptake and receptor systems, and cell surface adhesion systems. Together these findings suggest that a more detailed analysis of glial response to injury in different brain regions will lead to an appreciation of the diversity of the astroglial response to injury, and its regulation by neuron-glia relationships.
mPGES-1 as a novel target for arthritis (2004)

This article reviews the regulation of mPGES-1 expression and provides evidence for a role of mPGES-1 in inducible PGE2 production and arthritis. Future studies using selective inhibitors of mPGES-1 activity or expression would clarify the role of this enzyme in arthritis.
Nanoepitaxy of GaAs on a Si(001) substrate using a round-hole nanopatterned SiO<sub>2</sub>mask (2012)

GaAs is grown by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy on a 55 nm round-hole patterned Si substrate with SiO(2) as a mask. The threading dislocations, which are stacked on the lowest energy facet plane, move along the SiO(2) walls, reducing the number of dislocations. The etching pit density of GaAs on the 55 nm round-hole patterned Si substrate is about 3.3 × 10(5) cm(-2). Compared with the full width at half maximum measurement from x-ray diffraction and photoluminescence spectra of GaAs on a planar Si(001) substrate, those of GaAs on the 55 nm round-hole patterned Si substrate are reduced by 39.6 and 31.4%, respectively. The improvement in material quality is verified by transmission electron microscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, Hall measurements, Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and x-ray diffraction studies.
Attenuation measured from VSP: evidence of frequency‐dependent<i>Q</i> (1983)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1983Attenuation measured from VSP: evidence of frequency‐dependent QAuthors: T. K. KanM. L. BatzleJ. E. GaiserT. K. KanArco Oil & Gas, M. L. BatzleArco Oil & Gas, and J. E. GaiserArco Oil & Gashttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1893711 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1893711FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byEstimate error of frequency-dependent Q introduced by linear regression and its nonlinear implementation23 December 2015 | Journal of Geophysics and Engineering, Vol. 13, No. 1Estimation of frequency-dependent near-surface Q factor from cross-hole seismic dataGuofa Li, Hao Zheng*, Wenliang Zhu, and Tongli Zhai19 August 2015Modeling acoustic wave propagation in heterogeneous attenuating media using decoupled fractional LaplaciansTieyuan Zhu and Jerry M. Harris12 March 2014 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 79, No. 3The analysis of frequency-dependent characteristics for fluid detection: a physical model experiment20 July 2012 | Applied Geophysics, Vol. 9, No. 2A Field Study of Seismic Attenuation In Layered Sedimentary Rocks-Ii. Crosshole DataGeophysical Journal International, Vol. 113, No. 1 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1983ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1983 Pages: 646 publication data© 1983 Copyright © 1983 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 24 Mar 2005 CITATION INFORMATION T. K. Kan, M. L. Batzle, and J. E. Gaiser, (1983), "Attenuation measured from VSP: evidence of frequency‐dependent Q," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 589-590. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1893711 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Thermoelectricity in Confined Liquid Electrolytes (2016)

The electric field in an extended phase of a liquid electrolyte exposed to a temperature gradient is attributed to different thermophoretic mobilities of the ion species. As shown herein, such Soret-type ion thermodiffusion is not required to induce thermoelectricity even in the simplest electrolyte if it is confined between charged walls. The space charge of the electric double layer leads to selective ion diffusion driven by a temperature-dependent electrophoretic ion mobility, which-for narrow channels-may cause thermovoltages larger in magnitude than for the classical Soret equilibrium.
AAV-Mediated Gene Supply for Treatment of Degenerative and Neovascular Retinal Diseases (2010)

Common blinding diseases that are currently untreatable include conditions characterized by progressive neuronal degeneration, such as retinitis pigmentosa, leber congenital amaurosis or glaucoma, or characterized by ocular neovascularization, like wet age-related macular degeneration, proliferative diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy of prematurity. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying either neuronal degeneration or new vessel formation may be similar and independent of the mutation underlying the disease, thus allowing to test therapeutic strategies acting downstream of the primary causative event. Gene supply is the delivery of a gene that can prevent or arrest disease progression without being directly implicated in the disease pathogenesis. To this end, one of the most efficient and safe retinal gene delivery vehicles derives from the small adeno-associated virus (AAV). We review studies on AAV-mediated gene supply of: neurotrophic/antiapoptotic factors to prevent retinal neurons degeneration, and anti-angiogenic molecules to inhibit retinal neovascularization. Successful gene supply may represent a one-fit-all treatment for inherited and acquired blinding diseases.
Spam, spam, spam, spam, spam … (2004)

NINE days away: back to 326 e-mail messages that I didn't want, a signal to noise ratio of 1:20.

It didn't take long to get rid of them, but they're so annoying. Even with two filter systems, both of which learn as they go, stuff gets through. This time, the first filter caught 201. A handful of these were not spam, but were advertising from companies I've bought from. Another was an e-flyer for the American Medical Directory & Physicians Guide : I didn't correct …
Fractional-order systems and PI/sup /spl lambda//D/sup /spl mu//-controllers (1999)

Dynamic systems of an arbitrary real order (fractional-order systems) are considered. The concept of a fractional-order PI/sup /spl lambda//D/sup /spl mu//-controller, involving fractional-order integrator and fractional-order differentiator, is proposed. The Laplace transform formula for a new function of the Mittag-Leffler-type made it possible to obtain explicit analytical expressions for the unit-step and unit-impulse response of a linear fractional-order system with fractional-order controller for both open- and closed-loops. An example demonstrating the use of the obtained formulas and the advantages of the proposed PI/sup /spl lambda//D/sup /spl mu//-controllers is given.
Fenofibrate-induced nuclear translocation of FoxO3A triggers Bim-mediated apoptosis in glioblastoma cells in vitro (2012)

Anti-neoplastic potential of calorie restriction or ligand-induced activation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) has been demonstrated in multiple studies; however, mechanism(s) by which tumor cells respond to these stimuli remain to be elucidated. One of the potent agonists of PPARα, fenofibrate, is a commonly used lipid-lowering drug with low systemic toxicity. Fenofibrate-induced PPARα transcriptional activity is expected to shift energy metabolism from glycolysis to fatty acid β-oxidation, which in the long-term, could target weak metabolic points of glycolysis-dependent glioblastoma cells. The results of this study demonstrate that 25 μM fenofibrate can effectively repress malignant growth of primary glial tumor cells and glioblastoma cell lines. This cytostatic action involves G(1) arrest accompanied by only a marginal level of apoptotic cell death. Although the cells treated with 25 μM fenofibrate remain arrested, the cells treated with 50 μM fenofibrate undergo massive apoptosis, which starts after 72 h of the treatment. This delayed apoptotic event was preceded by FoxO3A nuclear accumulation, FoxO3A phosphorylation on serine residue 413, its elevated transcriptional activity and expression of FoxO-dependent apoptotic protein, Bim. siRNA-mediated inhibition of FoxO3A attenuated fenofibrate-induced apoptosis, indicating a direct involvement of this transcription factor in the fenofibrate action against glioblastoma. These properties of fenofibrate, coupled with its low systemic toxicity, make it a good candidate in support of conventional therapies against glial tumors.
Thermoelectric Properties of Carbon Nanotubes (2019)

Thermoelectric (TE) material is a class of materials that can convert heat to electrical energy directly in a solid-state-device without any moving parts and that is environmentally friendly. The study and development of TE materials have grown quickly in the past decade. However, their development goes slowly by the lack of cheap TE materials with high Seebeck coefficient and good electrical conductivity. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are particularly attractive as TE materials because of at least three reasons: (1) CNTs possess various band gaps depending on their structure, (2) CNTs represent unique one-dimensional carbon materials which naturally satisfies the conditions of quantum confinement effect to enhance the TE efficiency and (3) CNTs provide us with a platform for developing lightweight and flexible TE devices due to their mechanical properties. The TE power factor is reported to reach 700–1000 μ W / m K 2 for both p-type and n-type CNTs when purified to contain only doped semiconducting CNT species. Therefore, CNTs are promising for a variety of TE applications in which the heat source is unlimited, such as waste heat or solar heat although their figure of merit Z T is still modest (0.05 at 300 K). In this paper, we review in detail from the basic concept of TE field to the fundamental TE properties of CNTs, as well as their applications. Furthermore, the strategies are discussed to improve the TE properties of CNTs. Finally, we give our perspectives on the tremendous potential of CNTs-based TE materials and composites.
Antibacterial effect of boron nitride flakes with controlled orientation in polymer composites (2019)

Vertically oriented boron nitride flakes on a polymer surface exhibit bactericidal activity.
Loss of Circulation an Indication of Hydrocarbon Influx? (2016)

Abstract Managed pressure drilling (MPD) techniques such as; constant bottomhole pressure (CBHP) and pressurized mud cap drilling (PMCD) have made it possible to drill challenging prospects that with conventional techniques are considered undrillable. Drilling in naturally fractured carbonates, highly permeable unconsolidated sands and/or cavernous/vugular formation, often leads to loss of circulation. The mud losses in these kinds of formations are however not normally caused by hydraulically induced fracturing due to excessive pressure. When these extreme loss zones are intersected, the more heavy drilling mud will fall to the bottom and exchange or swop places with the less dense formation fluids. In some areas like the Gulf of Mexico, deep water outside Brazil and in the arctic climate of the Barents Sea in northern Norway, we can see these kinds of challenging formations in combination with deep and cold seawater. The drilling riser will act as a giant heat exchanger that will cool down the mud that is circulated. The objectives and scope of this paper have been to see what happens to the total active volume if relative cold mud swops place and starts to mix with a relative warm hydrocarbon gas deep down in the loss zone and/or in the wellbore annulus. PVT simulations and a study found that a net volume reduction will take place when the fluids are mixed, due to higher compressibility and lower specific heat capacity of the relative warm hydrocarbon gas compared to the mud. Equally important, the study also showed that there can be a risk of gas hydrates forming. If hydrates form it will result in an additional reduction of the volume. These volume reductions can be observed as loss of circulation or abnormal reduction in the active pit volume. Hydrocarbon gas influx caused by gravity-induced swop-out will be partly or completely concealed by the volume reduction taking place at the same time. Kick detection based on volume control (flow-in vs. flow-out) may therefore not work when drilling in naturally fractured or highly permeable formations, where influx caused by gravity-induced swop-out takes place.
The exploration of PBL teaching on the subject of internal medicine of traditional Chinese medicine (2017)

To explore and discuss the teaching effect of problem-based learning (PBL) teaching method on the traditional Chinese medicine internal medicine. It emphasized that taking the student as the main body of teaching, and designing the situation for typical clinical medical records, which included stratifing the medical records, gradually releasing the records' information, guiding the students' divergent thinking, help students with the integration of the basic knowledge establish diagnosis and lastly offering the appropriate and rational treatment. It stimulated and interested the students with searching literature, giving positive thinking, and improving the exploration ability. The PBL showed a different view from the case discussion teaching method, and was proved to be a good teaching method for TCM internal medicine.


Key words: 
Internal Medicine (TCM); Problem-based learning; Teaching methods