gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Late-breaking abstract: Blood eosinophil count as a biomarker of ICS effectiveness in reducing exacerbation rates in COPD (2014)

Background: Fluticasone furoate (FF)/vilanterol (VI) reduces COPD exacerbations when compared with treatment with VI alone. There is a need for a simple biomarker to allow targeted treatment. Objective: To compare exacerbation rates between FF/VI and VI in patients with moderate to very severe COPD, stratified by blood eosinophil level. Methods: We evaluated the use of blood eosinophil count through post-hoc analysis of pooled data from two randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled 1-year trials (Dransfield MT et al, Lancet Resp Med 2013;1:210–23) comparing FF/VI (50/25mcg, 100/25mcg or 200/25mcg once daily) to VI (25mcg once daily) in patients with COPD and a history of exacerbations in the last year. We evaluated the FF-related reduction in exacerbation rates in patients with eosinophil counts <2% and ≥2%. Results: 3177 patients provided blood samples at study entry; 2083 (66%) had eosinophils ≥2%. Exacerbation rates were higher in the subgroup treated with VI alone (1.28 vs 0.91/patient/yr). Baseline eosinophil count was significantly associated with reduced exacerbation rates with the three doses of FF/VI combined. Exacerbations were reduced by 29% (p<0.001) in patients with eosinophils ≥2% and 10% (p=0.283) in those with <2%. Treatment differential increased with increasing FF dose. In patients with eosinophils ≥2% receiving FF/VI 50/25mcg, 100/25mcg and 200/25mcg, exacerbations reductions were, respectively: 21%, 33%, 33% (all p<0.01). For eosinophils <2%, the corresponding reductions were 9%, 18%, 3%. Conclusion: Blood eosinophil level is a promising biomarker of response for ICS treatment in patients with COPD. Funding: GSK (HZC102871 [ NCT01009463 ] and HZC102970 [ NCT01017952 ])
Incidence of T Wave Alternation After Acute Myocardial Infarction and Correlation with Other Prognostic Parameters: Results of a Prospective Study (2001)

Tachycardia induced alternation of the T wave (TWA) has been associated with arrhythmia morbidity in mixed patient populations. However, less is known concerning the general incidence of TWA and its usefulness in risk stratification early after acute myocardial infarction (MI). TWA was prospectively and systematically assessed in 140 consecutive patients 15 +/- 6 days after acute MI and prior to discharge. Results of TWA measurements were compared to other noninvasive risk markers, LV function, and coronary angiography. Sustained TWA was present at rest or inducible during exercise in 27% of patients. The patient-specific heart rate for the onset of TWA was 98 +/- 9 beats/min. After multivariate analysis, TWA correlated with age (P = 0.02) and LV function (P = 0.002) and occurred more often in patients after nonanterior MI (P = 0.03). Acute results of Holter monitoring, late potentials by signal-averaged ECG, and heart rate variability were unrelated to the TWA status. During follow-up (451 +/- 210 days) two major arrhythmic events occurred. The incidence of TWA early after MI is about 25%. TWA is related to age and LV function but not to other common arrhythmia markers. Although TWA does not appear to be related to excessive cardiac morbidity, evaluation of the prognostic significance of TWA requires further study.
Endothelial precursor cells in the synovial tissue of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis (2004)

The presence of endothelial precursor cells in the synovial tissue of RA and OA patients provides evidence for vasculogenesis induced by precursor cells that arise in situ or from circulating progenitors.
Interleukin-1β and Glutamate Activate the NF-κB/Rel Binding Site from the Regulatory Region of the Amyloid Precursor Protein Gene in Primary Neuronal Cultures (1996)

We originally reported that members of the family of transcription factors NF-kappaB/Rel can specifically recognize two identical sequences, referred to as APPkappaB sites, which are present in the 5'-regulatory region of the APP gene. Here we show that the APPkappaB sites interact specifically with a complex which contains one of the subunits of the family, defined as p50 protein, and that they act as positive modulators of gene transcription in cells of neural origin. Additionally, the nuclear complex specifically binding to the APPkappaB sites is constitutively expressed in primary neurons from rat cerebellum and it is up-regulated in response to both the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and the excitatory amino acid glutamate. Since IL-1, whose levels are known to be induced in brain of individuals affected by Alzheimer's disease, and glutamate, are stimuli which have been regarded as major actors on the stage of neurodegenerative processes, we believe our evidence as potentially relevant for understanding the neuropathology associated with Alzheimer's disease.
Sore throat pain in the evaluation of mild analgesics (1988)

A double-blind, single-dose parallel study was conducted to assess refinements of a previously tested model for evaluating treatment of sore throat pain. Patients with tonsillopharyngitis randomly received either 400 mg ibuprofen (n = 39), 1000 mg acetaminophen (n = 40), or placebo (n = 41). At hourly intervals for 6 hours the patients reported pain intensity and pain relief on conventional scales and two sensory qualities of throat pain ("swollen throat" and "difficulty swallowing") on two new visual analog scales. Both active agents were significantly more effective than placebo for all efficacy measurements (p less than 0.01). Ibuprofen, 400 mg, was more effective than acetaminophen, 1000 mg, on all rating scales, conventional and new, at all time points after 2 hours and overall (p less than 0.01). There were no side effects. We conclude that sore throat is a pain model that can be used to discriminate between active medication and placebo, as well as between two effective over-the-counter analgesics.
Fault Detection and Diagnosis System for a Three-Phase Inverter Using a DWT-Based Artificial Neural Network (2016)

Inverters are considered the basic building blocks of industrial electrical drive systems that are widely used for various applications; however, the failure of electronic switches mainly affects the constancy of these inverters. For safe and reliable operation of an electrical drive system, faults in power electronic switches must be detected by an efficient system that is capable of identifying the type of faults. In this paper, an open switch fault identification technique for a three-phase inverter is presented. Single, double, and triple switching faults can be diagnosed using this method. The detection mechanism is based on stator current analysis. Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) using Daubechies is performed on the Clarke transformed (-) stator current and features are extracted from the wavelets. An artificial neural network is then used for the detection and identification of faults. To prove the feasibility of this method, a Simulink model of the DWT-based feature extraction scheme using a neural network for the proposed fault detection system in a three-phase inverter with an induction motor is briefly discussed with simulation results. The simulation results show that the designed system can detect faults quite efficiently, with the ability to differentiate between single and multiple switching faults.
pRB family proteins are required for H3K27 trimethylation and Polycomb repression complexes binding to and silencing p16<i><sup>INK4a</sup></i> tumor suppressor gene (2007)

Genetic studies have demonstrated that Bmi1 promotes cell proliferation and stem cell self-renewal with a correlative decrease of p16(INK4a) expression. Here, we demonstrate that Polycomb genes EZH2 and BMI1 repress p16 expression in human and mouse primary cells, but not in cells deficient for pRB protein function. The p16 locus is H3K27-methylated and bound by BMI1, RING2, and SUZ12. Inactivation of pRB family proteins abolishes H3K27 methylation and disrupts BMI1, RING2, and SUZ12 binding to the p16 locus. These results suggest a model in which pRB proteins recruit PRC2 to trimethylate p16, priming the BMI1-containing PRC1L ubiquitin ligase complex to silence p16.
Advanced PET/CT fusion workstation for oncology imaging (2005)

Cancer management using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is rapidly expanding its role in clinical practice. The high sensitivity of PET to locate cancer can be confounded by the minimal anatomical information it provides. Additional anatomical information would greatly benefit diagnosis, staging, therapy planning and treatment monitoring. Computed tomography (CT) provides detailed anatomical information but is less sensitive towards cancer localization than PET. Combining PET and CT images would enable accurate localization of the functional information with respect to detailed patient anatomy. We have developed a software platform to facilitate efficient visualization of PET/CT image studies. We used a deformable registration algorithm using mutual information and a B-spline model of the deformation. Several useful visualization modes were implemented with an efficient and robust method for switching between modes and handling large datasets. Processing of several studies can be queued and the results browsed. The software has been validated with clinical data.
Simulation of Transient Cuttings Transportation and ECD in Wellbore Drilling (2008)

Abstract Among the costs considered on an oil field exploration, the drilling process related ones constitute a significant share. Consequently, the focus on the removal of cuttings generated by the drilling process, or the hole cleaning operation, is essential. This operation remains a critical issue in the drilling of high inclination-wells, since the cuttings tend to deposit themselves due to gravity's action, forming a bed in the annular space formed between the drill string and the casing. When this bed takes a sizable fraction of the annular space, it becomes responsible for many problems that appear on the drilling stage, such as premature bit's exhaustion, low rates of penetration, formation fracture, stuck pipe, fluid flow interruption, etc. If this situation is not treated properly, it may cause the loss of the well. Once the phenomena affecting cuttings transportation, bottom hole pressures and ECD prediction are time dependents, a transient model for the whole trajectory of the wellbore was build. This model can predict the pressures developed in the annular due to the phenomenon that occurs in the drilling process, like bed height increase/decrease, drillpipe movement (surge and swab), increase in the amount of solids caused by rock instability problems and operational parameters changes (increase/decrease in ROP and fluid flow rates). This paper objective is to present a new transient methodology to simulate the cutting's carrying and annular pressure evaluation on a transient approach and to present some examples of this model. These examples will showcase bed height, cuttings concentration, pressure and ECD curves along time and over the whole trajectory, due to changes in the parameters mentioned above.
How Nerve Growth Factor Drives Physiological and Inflammatory Expressions of Acid-sensing Ion Channel 3 in Sensory Neurons (2003)

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a key element of inflammatory pain. It induces hyperalgesia by up-regulating the transcription of genes encoding receptors, ion channels, and neuropeptides. Acid-sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3), a depolarizing sodium channel gated by protons during tissue acidosis, is specifically expressed in sensory neurons. It has been associated to cardiac ischemic and inflammatory pains. We previously showed that low endogenous NGF was responsible for ASIC3 basal expression and high NGF during inflammation increased ASIC3 expression parallely to the development of neuron hyperexcitability associated with hyperalgesia. NGF is known to activate numerous signaling pathways through trkA and p75 receptors. We now show that (i). NGF controls ASIC3 basal expression through constitutive activation of a trkA/phospholipase C/protein kinase C pathway, (ii). high inflammatory-like NGF induces ASIC3 overexpression through a trkA/JNK/p38MAPK pathway and a p75-dependent mechanism as a transcriptional switch, and (iii). NGF acts through AP1 response elements in ASIC3 encoding gene promoter. These new data indicate potential targets that could be used to develop new treatments against inflammatory pain.
Absorption of Small Silicone Polyether Surfactants at the Air/Water Surface (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAbsorption of Small Silicone Polyether Surfactants at the Air/Water SurfaceTheresa E. Gentle and Steven A. SnowCite this: Langmuir 1995, 11, 8, 2905–2910Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00008a011https://doi.org/10.1021/la00008a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views715Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Echoviruses and Coxsackie B Viruses That Use Human Decay‐Accelerating Factor (DAF) as a Receptor Do Not Bind the Rodent Analogues of DAF (2000)

Many serotypes of echovirus (EV) and Coxsackie B virus (CBV) bind human decay-accelerating factor (DAF) and use it as a receptor for infection. Analogues for DAF have been isolated from mice and rats and characterized; these analogues have amino acid identities to human DAF of approximately 60%. EV serotypes 3, 6', 7, 11-13, and 29 and CBV serotypes 1, 3, and 5 caused hemagglutination of human erythrocytes but not rat or mouse erythrocytes, suggesting failure to bind rodent DAF. To confirm this evidence, radiolabeled viruses were incubated with transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells that were abundantly expressing each type of DAF. Only cells that expressed human DAF bound virus. Although binding of EV and CBV was specific for human DAF, complement inhibition by DAF expressed in CHO cells was similar for each analogue.
Adaptation of the group A <i>Streptococcus</i> adhesin Scl1 to bind fibronectin type III repeats within wound‐associated extracellular matrix: implications for cancer therapy (2019)

The human-adapted pathogen group A Streptococcus (GAS) utilizes wounds as portals of entry into host tissue, wherein surface adhesins interact with the extracellular matrix, enabling bacterial colonization. The streptococcal collagen-like protein 1 (Scl1) is a major adhesin of GAS that selectively binds to two fibronectin type III (FnIII) repeats within cellular fibronectin, specifically the alternatively spliced extra domains A and B, and the FnIII repeats within tenascin-C. Binding to FnIII repeats was mediated through conserved structural determinants present within the Scl1 globular domain and facilitated GAS adherence and biofilm formation. Isoforms of cellular fibronectin that contain extra domains A and B, as well as tenascin-C, are present for several days in the wound extracellular matrix. Scl1-FnIII binding is therefore an example of GAS adaptation to the host's wound environment. Similarly, cellular fibronectin isoforms and tenascin-C are present in the tumor microenvironment. Consistent with this, FnIII repeats mediate GAS attachment to and enhancement of biofilm formation on matrices deposited by cancer-associated fibroblasts and osteosarcoma cells. These data collectively support the premise for utilization of the Scl1-FnIII interaction as a novel method of anti-neoplastic targeting in the tumor microenvironment.
Expander code: A scalable erasure-resilient code to keep up with data growth in distributed storage (2013)

To ensure high reliability and storage efficiency, erasure codes are preferred in storage systems. With the prevalent of distributed storage systems such as clouds storage, how to design a scalable and efficient erasure-resilient code is challenging. We propose a scalable binary linear code to keep up with data growth which has the following properties. Given the group size k and the code block length n, the proposed code corrects any two bit erasures among the n bits. The redundancy overhead of the code is 2/(k + 2), and each data bit affects exactly 2 parity bits. As results of these properties, if a data bit is changed or added, only two parity bits need to be updated; and the recovery of an erasured bit requires accessing at most k other bits and the recovery of two erasured bits requires at most 2k other bits. We give the construction algorithm by the order expansion of regular graphs; moreover, we optimize the failure resilience during the construction procedure. Compared with existing codes, our proposed code has notable benefits in storage scalability, redundancy overhead and I/O bandwidth. The deployment of the proposed code in distributed storage systems can be simple and practical.
Intramolekulare 1,3‐Dipolare Cycloadditionen von <i>N</i>‐Allyldiazoacetamiden und <i>N</i>‐Allydiazomalonamidestern<sup>1)</sup> (1981)

Abstract Die N ‐Allyldiazoacetamide 1 , 1a sind bei 20°C instabil. Sie reagieren langsam in einer intramolekularen 1,3‐Dipolaren Cycloaddition zu cis ‐Hexahydropyrrolo[3,4‐c]pyrazolderivaten. Die N ‐Allyldiazomalonamidester 4 , 4a reagieren wesentlich schneller. Die cis ‐Verknüpfung eines der bicyclischen Reaktionsprodukte wird durch Röntgenanalyse von 10 belegt. Das zu 1 isostere Diallyldiazoketon 11 sowie der sekundäre N ‐Allyldiazomalonamidester 12 sind stabil und geben keine intramolekularen Cycloaddukte. Die qualitative Abschätzung der HO, LU‐Orbitalenergien sowie der Atomkoeffizienten ist in Übereinstimmung mit den beobachteten Reaktivitäten und der Regiospezifität.
Paradigm of Genetic Mosaicism and Lone Atrial Fibrillation (2010)

This study reports atrial tissue genetic mosaicism of a novel loss-of-function Cx43 mutation associated with lone AF. These findings implicate somatic genetic defects of Cx43 as a potential cause of AF and support the paradigm that sporadic, nonfamilial cases of lone AF may arise from genetic mosaicism that creates heterogeneous coupling patterns, predisposing the tissue to reentrant arrhythmias.
Estimating regression models with unknown break‐points (2003)

This paper deals with fitting piecewise terms in regression models where one or more break-points are true parameters of the model. For estimation, a simple linearization technique is called for, taking advantage of the linear formulation of the problem. As a result, the method is suitable for any regression model with linear predictor and so current software can be used; threshold modelling as function of explanatory variables is also allowed. Differences between the other procedures available are shown and relative merits discussed. Simulations and two examples are presented to illustrate the method.
Effect of a Bacterial Inoculant on the Fermentation of High Moisture Shelled and Ear Corn (1989)

The effect of DM percent and bacterial inoculation on fermentation of shelled corn and ear corn was determined. Shelled corn at 76, 68, and 67% DM and ear corn at 79, 71, and 64% DM were treated with no inoculant (control), dry inoculant, or reconstituted inoculant at ensiling. Both inoculants contained Lactobacillus plantarum, L. brevis, and Pediococcus acidilactici. In addition, the dry inoculant contained a protease, amylase, and gumase, whereas the reconstituted inoculant contained amylase, gumase, and hemicellulase. Calculated inoculant application rate was 53 million cfu for dry and 264 cfu for reconsatuted per kg of ensiled corn. Ground, treated shelled corn and ear corn (2.27 kg) were ensiled in plastic bags for 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 21, or 28 d. A significant interaction between DM and inoculation occurred on all days of fermentation except d 0. Lower DM corn (68 and 67% shelled corn, 71 and 64% ear corn) fermented more and had higher concentrations of lactic acid, acetic acid, NH3 N, and lower pH than higher DM corn (76% shelled corn and 79% ear corn). Ethanol concentration was affected by DM during the first 2 wk of fermentatjon with lower DM corn of both types producing mooe than their respective higher DM corn type. Both dry and re-
Optimizing Performance and Energy of High Performance Computing Applications (2010)

Power consumption is a critical consideration in high performance computing systems and it's becoming the limiting factor to build and operate Petascale and Exascale systems. When studying the power consumption of existing systems running HPC workloads, we find power, energy and performance are closely related leading to the possibility to optimize energy without sacrificing (much or at all) performance.
Design Patterns for Wrapping Similar Legacy Systems with Common Service Interfaces (2006)

Web services are increasingly being used to create a wide range of distributed systems, many of which involve legacy software. Developing service interfaces for these legacy systems can be difficult, as for interoperability reasons it is advantageous to use a common service interface that is independent of the particular legacy system behind it. This enables other services to interoperate with like legacy systems regardless of their implementation. Unfortunately, similar legacy systems can offer subtly different functionality from each other, making agreeing on a common interface difficult. This paper introduces three design patterns for managing this problem: lowest common denominator, most popular and negotiated interfaces. It formally presents these patterns and reflects on how they have been used within the domain of e-learning to wrap legacy systems that function as databases of objective questions
A Targeted Strategy to Wipe Out <i>Clostridium difficile</i> (2011)

This study evaluated daily cleaning with germicidal bleach wipes on wards with a high incidence of hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). The intervention reduced hospital-acquired CDI incidence by 85%, from 24.2 to 3.6 cases per 10,000 patient-days, and prolonged the median time between hospital-acquired CDI cases from 8 to 80 days.
Effect of vitamin D supplement on depression scores in people with low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D: nested case—control study and randomised clinical trial (2012)

Low levels of serum 25(OH)D are associated with depressive symptoms, but no effect was found with vitamin D supplementation.