gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Conformation Variant of p53 Combined with Machine Learning Identifies Alzheimer Disease in Preclinical and Prodromal Stages (2020)

Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a crucial starting point in disease management. Blood-based biomarkers could represent a considerable advantage in providing AD-risk information in primary care settings. Here, we report new data for a relatively unknown blood-based biomarker that holds promise for AD diagnosis. We evaluate a p53-misfolding conformation recognized by the antibody 2D3A8, also named Unfolded p53 (U-p53<sup>2D3A8+</sup>), in 375 plasma samples derived from InveCe.Ab and PharmaCog/E-ADNI longitudinal studies. A machine learning approach is used to combine U-p53<sup>2D3A8+</sup> plasma levels with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and apolipoprotein E epsilon-4 (APOEε4) and is able to predict AD likelihood risk in InveCe.Ab with an overall 86.67% agreement with clinical diagnosis. These algorithms also accurately classify (AUC = 0.92) Aβ<sup>+</sup>-amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) patients who will develop AD in PharmaCog/E-ADNI, where subjects were stratified according to Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD markers (Aβ42 and p-Tau). Results support U-p53<sup>2D3A8+</sup> plasma level as a promising additional candidate blood-based biomarker for AD.
Genomic instability in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. (1996)

The role of genomic instability in the development of squamous cell carcinoma (SCCHN) has become apparent with the publication of three major allelotype analysis of this disease, as well as many publications which have concentrated on specific target regions. The measurement of accumulated genetic alterations or fractional allele loss, as determined by allelotype analysis, provides a useful molecular indicator of tumour behaviour. In one major study, a positive correlation was found between FAL > median value and lymph node metastasis and also with a poor clinical outcome. In addition the recognition of microsatellite instability as a marker of DNA repair defects has provided a further molecular marker of the disease process and that loss of heterozygosity analysis and microsatellite instability appear to be independent genetic events in the development of SCCHN. Furthermore, the recognition of a number of novel target regions in SCCHN on chromosome arms, 1 p, 3p, 8p, 9p, 13q, 17p and 18q and our understanding of the role of certain oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes and their interaction with human papillomavirus has provided further elucidation of the neoplastic process. Even though this review describes a number of molecular events in SCCHN, the sequence of events still eludes the scientific community at present.
Real-world effectiveness of select biologic and DMARD monotherapy and combination therapy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: results from the RADIUS observational registry (2005)

These data from routine rheumatology clinical practice settings highlight the effectiveness of common biologic and DMARD therapies, and provide additional data beyond those of randomized, controlled trials.
Cellular Oxidation of Low‐Density Lipoprotein by<i>Chlamydia pneumoniae</i> (1999)

A spectrum of clinical and epidemiologic studies implicate infectious agents, including Chlamydia pneumoniae, in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The complexity of atherosclerotic disease necessitates examining the role of infection in the context of defined risk factors, such as high levels of native low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Although native LDL does not have atherogenic properties, cellular oxidation of LDL alters the lipoprotein into a highly atherogenic form. In this report, C. pneumoniae and chlamydial hsp60, an inflammatory antigen that was recently localized to atheromas, were found to induce cellular oxidation of LDL. These data provide initial evidence that an infectious agent can render LDL atherogenic and suggest a mechanism whereby C. pneumoniae may promote atheroma development.
An international computer protocol standard is essential (1994)

This article examines the need for the development of an international communication protocol to avoid building or buying customized interfaces or gateways in order to connect two separate vendor's devices to the same computer. The article discuss the need for standards and details one electric cooperative's experience in converting their automated mapping and facilities management system to EPRI sponsored Utility Communications Architecture.
Systematic review and meta‐analysis of the moderating effect of rs1799971 in <i>OPRM1</i>, the mu‐opioid receptor gene, on response to naltrexone treatment of alcohol use disorder (2020)

From the evidence to date, it remains unclear whether rs1799971, the OPRM1 Asn40Asp single nucleotide polymorphism, predicts naltrexone treatment response in individuals with alcohol use disorder or heavy drinking.
Electronic filter design handbook (1981)

Chapter 1: Introduction to Modern Network Theory Chapter 2: Selecting the Response Characteristic Chapter 3: Low-Pass Filter Design Chapter 4: High-Pass Filter Design Chapter 5: Bandpass Filters Chapter 6: Band-Reject Filters Chapter 7: Networks for the Time Domain Chapter 8: Refinements in LC Filter Design and the Use of Resistive Networks Chapter 9: Design and Selection of Inductors for LC Filters Chapter 10: Component Selection for LC and Active Filters Chapter 11: Normalized Filter Design Tables Chapter 12: Introduction to Digital Filters Chapter 13: Finite Impulse-Response Filters Chapter 14: Infinite Impulse-Response Filters Chapter 15: Multirate Digital Filters Chapter 16: Digital Filter Technology Chapter 17: Switched-Capacitor Filters Chapter 18: Introduction to Microwave Filters APPENDIX A: DISCRETE SYSTEMS MATHEMATICS APPENDIX B: SOFTWARE SUMMARY INDEX
Real time hand gesture movements tracking and recognizing system (2014)

Human computer interaction has a long history to become more intuitive. For human being, gesture of different kind is one of the most intuitive and common communication. However, vision-based hand gesture recognition is a challenging problem, which is involved complex computation, due to high degree of freedom in human hand. In this paper, we use hand gesture captured by web-cam instead of mice, for natural and intuitive human-computer interaction. Skin detections method is used to create a segmented hand image and to differentiate with the background. A contours and convex hull algorithm is used to recognize hand area as well as the number of fingertip of hand gesture image to be mapped with button. Moreover, for detection of hand gesture motion, we use Lucas-Kanade pyramidal algorithm. The result shows that this system can operate well so we can interact with computer using our hand gesture instead using a mouse.
A method to detect heart rate based on electrical bio-impedance (2016)

As a basic health indicator, heart rate has been widely used in clinical measurement and daily health care. Electrical bio-impedance (EBI) measurement provides non-invasive method for heart rate detection. Therefore, this paper proposed a method to detect heart rate based on EBI. With the BIOPAC EBI module, the signal can be de-noised in real-time. Finally, the de-noised EBI signal is used to compute heart rate. Four electrodes are located at radial artery of left upper limb in this method. The result proves that this method has high accuracy on heart rate measurement.
The Algorithm Research and Implementation of Mark-Avoiding Based on Grid (2017)

Nowadays, map-based applications are used more and more widely. The number of map point markers of all fields and types is large. Normally these markers carry important information and need to be displayed densely at the same time, result in a severe overlapping problem which affects the commander's judgments. This paper researches and compares several algorithms aiming to solve overlapping problem of map labelling, proposes an idea based on gridding algorithm to realize the automatic avoidance of map annotation information. This idea solves the point marker overlapping problem due to close position and it is proved to be effective through experiments.
A decision support engine for video surveillance systems (2011)

Design and implementation of an automated or a semi automated surveillance system is an active research area. Safety concerns of individuals have accelerated the research for identifying alarming human activities in public spaces like streets, shopping malls, airports, and others. But reliance on human operator for real-time actions can be inappropriate and expensive. On the other hand, demonstrating pragmatic scene of a surveillanced area with the help of a synthetic world can be effective that can guard operator's limitation. In this paper, we design a Decision Support Engine (DSE) coupled with a synthetic space to facilitate surveillance activities of operators. For this purpose, the detailed sensory data are processed and alarms are detected, classified and ranked according to the threat severity that follows some well-defined rules of the system. At the end, the identified alarming cases are marked and presented with the help of a synthetic environment in an elegant way so that the operators can take the right action in a specific security circumstance.
Well Completion Design and Operations for a Deep Horizontal Well with Multiple Fractures (1995)

Abstract Economic development of deep tight gas reservoirs is a challenge our industry has struggled with for many years. This paper describes how a very deep (15688', 4783 m TVD) well with a horizontal section (over 86°) of over 630 m (2,066') was completed for stimulation with multiple fractures. Multiple packers and sliding side doors provided isolation for 4 separate fracs and a 5th zone containing 52m (171') of perforated interval in the 7" casing. Extreme overbalance perforating techniques using tubing conveyed perforating guns and high pressure nitrogen were used to perforate and break down each of the 0.6m (2') of perforated intervals for the 4 fracs and 853 perforations in the 5th unstimulated zone. To achieve a high shot density, a special perforating tubing anchor was designed to allow two different perforating guns to perforate exactly the same interval in one trip. An open annulus treating system was used with a 4½ frac string for observation of the bottomhole treating pressure during fracture operations. A total of over 2 million pounds of high strength proppar.t was pumped into the 4 fracs at rates in excess of 5.6m’/min (35 BPM). High bottomhole temperatures (290°F, 143°C), reservoir pressures (9000 psi, 620 bar), and bottomhole treating pressures (16000 psi, 1100 bar) added to the complexity of design and operation of equipment. Over 5,700m (18,70001 of ¾" coiled tubing was run to TD and used in conjunction with a downhole force generator to open and close the sliding side doors.
Mini‐review CD4 T cells are required for CD8 T cell memory generation (2003)

Whereas the role of CD4 T cells in B cell memory generation is well established and unequivocal, the role that CD4 T cells play in CD8 responses was until recently far more elusive and controversial. A series of recent reports, however, have re-assessed the role of CD4 help on CD8 responses and have given rise to surprisingly unambiguous conclusions. While studying very different systems, they demonstrated that CD4 T cells are absolutely required for the generation of bona fide CD8 memory cells; the reports allow, for the first time, strong analogies to be made between B and CD8 memory cell generation. These data invite us to drastically change our idea of CD4 help on CD8 responses because they show that the old dichotomy - Th-dependent versus Th-independent CD8 responses - is no longer accurate.
Synthesis of α‐MoC<sub>1−<i>x</i></sub> Nanoparticles with a Surface‐Modified SBA‐15 Hard Template: Determination of Structure–Function Relationships in Acetic Acid Deoxygenation (2016)

Surface modification of mesoporous SBA-15 silica generated a hydrophobic environment for a molybdenum diamine (Mo-diamine) precursor solution, enabling direct growth of isolated 1.9±0.4 nm α-MoC1-x nanoparticles (NPs) inside the pores of the support. The resulting NP catalysts are bifunctional, and compared to bulk α-MoC1-x and β-Mo2 C, the NPs exhibit a greater acid-site:H-site ratio and a fraction of stronger acid sites. The greater acid-site:H-site ratio results in higher decarbonylation (DCO) selectivity during acetic acid hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) reactions, and the stronger acid sites lead to higher activity and ketonization (KET) selectivity at high temperatures. The hard-templating synthetic method could be a versatile route toward carbide NPs of varying size, composition, and phase, on a range of mesoporous oxide supports.
A New Strategy To Improve the Metabolic Stability of Lactone: Discovery of (20<i>S</i>,21<i>S</i>)-21-Fluorocamptothecins as Novel, Hydrolytically Stable Topoisomerase I Inhibitors (2013)

Lactone is a common structural motif in biologically active natural products. However, the metabolic instability of lactone significantly reduces their in vivo potency. In the present investigation, a new strategy to improve the metabolic stability of lactone was provided by the design of α-fluoro ether as a novel bioisostere of lactone. The effectiveness of the α-fluoro ether/lactone replacement was validated by the discovery of (20S,21S)-21-fluorocamptothecins as hydrolytically stable topoisomerase I inhibitors. A highly potent camptothecin derivative, 8l, was successfully identified, which showed excellent in vitro and in vivo antitumor activities and represents a promising lead for the discovery of novel antitumor agents. Interestingly, this study also provided a new structure-activity relationship for the C21-carbonyl group of camptothecin, which has been regarded as an essential pharmacophore. Our results revealed that the conserved C21-carbonyl group can be replaced by a fluorine substituent. α-Fluoro ether may have general application in improving the metabolic stability of lactone.
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Signaling, but Not TWEAK (TNF-like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis)-triggered cIAP1 (Cellular Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein 1) Degradation, Requires cIAP1 RING Dimerization and E2 Binding (2010)

Cellular inhibitor of apoptosis (cIAP) proteins, cIAP1 and cIAP2, are important regulators of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily (SF) signaling and are amplified in a number of tumor types. They are targeted by IAP antagonist compounds that are undergoing clinical trials. IAP antagonist compounds trigger cIAP autoubiquitylation and degradation. The TNFSF member TWEAK induces lysosomal degradation of TRAF2 and cIAPs, leading to elevated NIK levels and activation of non-canonical NF-kappaB. To investigate the role of the ubiquitin ligase RING domain of cIAP1 in these pathways, we used cIAP-deleted cells reconstituted with cIAP1 point mutants designed to interfere with the ability of the RING to dimerize or to interact with E2 enzymes. We show that RING dimerization and E2 binding are required for IAP antagonists to induce cIAP1 degradation and protect cells from TNF-induced cell death. The RING functions of cIAP1 are required for full TNF-induced activation of NF-kappaB, however, delayed activation of NF-kappaB still occurs in cIAP1 and -2 double knock-out cells. The RING functions of cIAP1 are also required to prevent constitutive activation of non-canonical NF-kappaB by targeting NIK for proteasomal degradation. However, in cIAP double knock-out cells TWEAK was still able to increase NIK levels demonstrating that NIK can be regulated by cIAP-independent pathways. Finally we show that, unlike IAP antagonists, TWEAK was able to induce degradation of cIAP1 RING mutants. These results emphasize the critical importance of the RING of cIAP1 in many signaling scenarios, but also demonstrate that in some pathways RING functions are not required.
First-Line Gefitinib for Patients With Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Harboring Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations Without Indication for Chemotherapy (2009)

This is the first report indicating that EGFR mutation-positive patients with extremely poor PS benefit from first-line gefitinib. Because there previously has been no standard treatment for these patients with short life expectancy other than best supportive care, examination of EGFR mutations as a biomarker is recommended in this patient population.
Effects of E. coli sepsis and myocardial depressant factor on interval-force relations in dog ventricle (1993)

We examined whether depressed left ventricular (LV) contractility during Escherichia coli sepsis in dogs was due to a decrease in the fractional release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) or a reduction in calcium content in this organelle. To indirectly assess SR calcium availability in a right ventricular (RV) trabecular muscle preparation, we utilized functional indexes of cellular myocardial calcium metabolism, which included rapid-cooling contracture (RCC), an indicator of SR calcium content, and postrest contraction (PRC), an index of calcium availability from the release compartment of the SR. Measurements were made during steady-state stimulation at 0.5 and 1.5 Hz, during which time rest intervals of 30-240 s were periodically imposed. SR calcium availability was measured in RV trabeculae of dogs subjected to 4 h of E. coli sepsis and was compared with calcium availability measured in nonseptic dogs. We further characterized a filterable cardiodepressant substance (FCS), which has been previously shown to be associated with LV depression in this model, to determine whether it produced changes in calcium metabolism similar to those found in sepsis. The results showed that calcium availability from the SR of septic dogs was not impaired. Furthermore, FCS was found in the 10,000- to 30,000-mol wt fraction of plasma and produced changes in PRC in canine trabeculae that were similar to those produced during sepsis. We conclude that, as assessed by PRC and RCC, SR calcium content and release are not impaired in sepsis.
Parameter-based lip modeling for facial animation of general objects (2003)

For human-computer interaction, virtual characters become more and more important in many applications. However, the facial animation developed in the past years generally focused on the simulation of human face. For animation and interaction in virtual world the emphasis should be extended to general objects with human-like faces. We propose four parameter-based lip models that can apply the lip motion to general objects with lip-like meshes. We analyze the characteristics of lip motions and define four different lip models: inflexible-cylindrical model, flexible-cylindrical model, inflexible-square model, and flexible-square model. The parameters of lip motion in different lip models are extracted from the original real facial image sequence with lip motion. These parameters are then used to generate a lip-motion simulation system for general objects. Using the system, the user can apply the lip motion to any meshes by simply defining the lip model.
Identification of genes potentially involved in bone metastasis by genome-wide gene expression profile analysis of non-small cell lung cancer in mice (2012)

Lung cancer is commonly associated with multi-organ metastasis, and the bone is a frequent metastatic site for lung cancer. However, the molecular mechanism of organ-specific metastasis remains poorly understood. To elucidate this issue, we analyzed in this study genome-wide gene expression profiles of 15 metastatic lesions from three organs (bone, lung and liver) in a mouse model with multi-organ metastasis properties of human non-small cell lung cancer cells (ACC-LC319/bone2), using a combination of laser-microbeam microdissection and DNA microarrays. We identified 299 genes that could potentially be involved in the organ-selective nature of lung cancer metastasis. Among them, 77 were bone-specifically expressed elements, including genes involved in cell adhesion, cytoskeleton/cell motility, extracellular matrix remodeling and cell-cell signaling as well as genes already known to be involved in the bone metastasis of breast cancers. Quantitative RT-PCR confirmed the specific upregulation of eight genes in bone metastasis tumors, suggesting that these genes may be involved in bone metastasis. Our findings should be helpful for a better understanding of the molecular aspects of the metastatic process in different organs, and could lead to molecular target-based anticancer drugs and prevention of metastasis, especially bone metastasis.
La physique : construction ou découverte? (1999)

La part de construction dans les théories physiques est si importante aujourd'hui qu'il n'est plus possible d'en faire abstraction. Dans cet article, nous présentons un exemple de théorie déduite de l'expérience, en comparaison avec une autre en grande partie construite.
Impact of mechanical damage to hybrid maize seed from harvesting and conditioning (2006)

The effect of harvesting and processing operations on the quality of hybrid maize seeds was studied to identify those operations that cause the greatest damage. Three single-cross maize hybrids, 'Ulla', 'Benicia' and 'Dea', differing in their susceptibility to mechanical damage, were subjected to manual and mechanical processing during harvesting to grading. Following processing, seeds were stored at -20 °C and at ambient temperate room conditions. Standard germination, accelerated aging and two cold tests were performed every four months to assess seed quality over a 15-month storage period. The post-shelling operations of cleaning and grading caused the greatest damage. More than all other operations combined, grading caused the most damage to round seeds, irrespective of the degree of susceptibility. Mechanical damage affected seed storability more than viability and vigor. Flat and large seeds were more tolerant to mechanical damage than round and medium-sized seeds. Seed shape influenced susceptibility to mechanical damage much more than seed size.
Synthesis and Lewis Acidic Behavior of a Cationic 9-Thia-10-boraanthracene (2010)

As part of our efforts in the chemistry of Lewis acidic organoboron compounds, we have synthesized a cationic borane ([1]+) featuring a 9-thia-10-boraanthracene moiety substituted at boron by the cationic anilium group [4-(Me3N)-2,6-Me2-C6H2]+. This new cationic borane has been fully characterized. Its UV−vis spectrum features a low-energy band at λmax = 392 nm which, as confirmed by computational studies, arises from a π−π* transition of the 9-thia-10-boraanthracene chromophore. As a result of the low steric bulk present around the boron center and the inductive effects imparted by the anilium group, [1]+ possesses unusual Lewis acidic properties and reacts with DMAP to form the corresponding adduct. This derivative also binds both fluoride and cyanide anions in THF to afford 1-F and 1-CN whose stability constants exceed 107 M−1. Although [1]+ is unstable in pure water, it can be used to selectively extract cyanide under biphasic conditions in nitromethane/water.