gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An efficient algorithm for automatically generating multivariable fuzzy systems by Fourier series method (2002)

By exploiting the Fourier series expansion, we have developed a new constructive method of automatically generating a multivariable fuzzy inference system from any given sample set with the resulting multivariable function being constructed within any specified precision to the original sample set. The given sample sets are first decomposed into a cluster of simpler sample sets such that a single input fuzzy system is constructed readily for a sample set extracted directly from the cluster independent of the other variables. Once the relevant fuzzy rules and membership functions are constructed for each of the variables completely independent of the other variables, the resulting decomposed fuzzy rules and membership functions are integrated back into the fuzzy system appropriate for the original sample set requiring only a moderate cost of computation in the required decomposition and composition processes. After proving two basic theorems which we need to ensure the validity of the decomposition and composition processes of the system construction, we have demonstrated a constructive algorithm of a multivariable fuzzy system. Exploiting an implicit error bound analysis available at each of the construction steps, the present Fourier method is capable of implementing a more stable fuzzy system than the power series expansion method of ParNeuFuz and PolyNeuFuz, covering and implementing a wider range of more robust applications.
Practical joint domain localised adaptive processing in homogeneous and nonhomogeneous environments. Part 1: Homogeneous environments (2000)

This two-part paper presents a comprehensive approach to practical space–time adaptive processing (STAP) for airborne phased array applications. Part 1 reformulates the JDL algorithm to remove restrictions placed by the original development for ideal linear arrays of point sensors. In doing so the performance of the JDL algorithm is significantly improved in simulations and in measured data. The paper deals with STAP in homogeneous and non-homogeneous environments with Part 1 focusing on homogeneous environments and Part 2 dealing with STAP within range cells determined to be nonhomogeneous. Part 1 deals with applying the previously proposed joint domain localised (JDL) algorithm to practical phased arrays. Part 2 introduces a new STAP algorithm for application in nonhomogeneous interference scenarios. The algorithm is a hybrid of direct data domain and statistical adaptive processing.
Optical fiber gratings: new fabrication techniques and components (1999)

Fiber gratings are widely used in telecommunications as spectrally selective fiber components. In this paper we review recent results of a joint effort of D-STAR Technologies Inc. and two research teams at the University of Southern California on the fabrication of fiber gratings and their use in devices.
Sustained antithrombotic activity of hirudin after its plasma clearance: comparison with heparin (1992)

Thrombus extension in patients with venous thromboembolism is due to the accretion of fibrin onto existing thrombi. Extension is promoted by both circulating and thrombus-bound thrombin, which convert fibrinogen to fibrin. Heparin is an effective antithrombotic agent, but it requires continuous administration to achieve persistent inhibition of thrombus extension. Heparin is highly effective in inhibiting fluid phase thrombin, but is a relatively ineffective inhibitor of thrombus- bound thrombin. Hirudin, unlike heparin, inactivates both circulating and fibrin-bound thrombin and, therefore, has the potential to prevent thrombus extension even after a short course of treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the time course of the accretion of new fibrin onto preexisting rabbit jugular vein thrombi after a 3-hour infusion of saline, heparin, and hirudin. Heparin and recombinant (r)- hirudin (CGP 39399) were infused at doses that doubled the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). At the end of the 3-hour infusions in rabbits treated with saline, heparin (0.75 mg/kg), or r-hirudin (1.25 mg/kg), accretion of 125I-fibrinogen was 59 +/- 5 micrograms, 34 +/- 4 micrograms, and 21 +/- 2 micrograms, respectively (heparin and r- hirudin v saline, P less than .01; r-hirudin v heparin, P less than .01). Three hours after the end of the infusions, the accreted 125I- fibrinogen in the saline-, heparin-, and hirudin-treated animals was 89 +/- 6 micrograms, 51 +/- 7 micrograms, and 23 +/- 3 micrograms, respectively; 9 hours after the end of the infusions, the accreted 125I- fibrinogen was 112 +/- 9 micrograms, 82 +/- 7 micrograms, and 25 +/- 3 micrograms, respectively. aPTT and thrombin clotting time (TCT) returned to the baseline value 90 minutes after the end of heparin or r- hirudin infusion. During in vitro experiments, human fibrin clots previously incubated in human plasma containing r-hirudin did not promote fibrinopeptide A (FPA) generation when washed and then incubated in human plasma in the absence of thrombin inhibitors. This persistent inhibition of FPA production was not observed after incubation in human plasma of human plasma clots preincubated with heparin. We conclude that heparin is effective in inhibiting thrombus extension while it is present in the circulation, but that this effect is rapidly lost after its plasma clearance. In contrast, the antithrombotic activity of r-hirudin is sustained beyond its plasma clearance, presumably because of its ability to inactivate thrombus- bound thrombin. Our findings indicate that r-hirudin might be an effective antithrombotic agent even when used for short periods.
O-Band Subwavelength Grating Filters in a Monolithic Photonics Technology (2020)

The data communications industry has begun transitioning from electrical to optical interconnects in datacenters in order to overcome performance bottlenecks and meet consumer needs. To mitigate the costs associated with this change and achieve performance for 5G and beyond, it is crucial to explore advanced photonic devices that can enable high-bandwidth interconnects via wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) in photonic integrated circuits. Subwavelength grating (SWG) filters have shown great promise for WDM applications. However, the small feature sizes necessary to implement these structures have prohibited them from penetrating into industrial applications. To explore the manufacturability and performance of SWG filters in an industrial setting, we fabricate and characterize the first O-band subwavelength grating filters in a monolithic photonics technology at GLOBALFOUNDRIES (GF). We demonstrate a low drop channel loss of -1.2 dB with a flat-top response, a high extinction ratio of -30 dB, a 3 dB channel width of 5 nm and single-source thermal tunability without shape distortion. This filter structure was designed using elements from the product design kit provided by GF and functions in a compact footprint of 0.002 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> with a minimum feature size of 150 nm.
A Silicon Photonics Platform with Heterogeneous III-V Integration (2011)

We present a silicon photonics technology platform combining silicon processing technologies and heterogeneously integrated III–V materials. This enables passive and active photonic functions on silicon, such as waveguide circuits, filters, modulators, photodetectors and integrated lasers.
Method and apparatus for reflective ultrasonic imaging utilizing reconstruction of acoustic impedance projections (1979)

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A modular multilevel converter based battery-ultracapacitor hybrid energy storage system for photovoltaic applications (2015)

To smooth the output power of a Photovoltaic (PV) system, the integration of the Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) has been considered as an effective solution. In this paper, a Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) is proposed for the HESS that combines battery and UltraCapacitor (UC), and a two-layer framework is proposed to control the proposed HESS system. Compared to traditional HESSs and other MMCs for HESS applications, the proposed MMC based HESS increases the overall system efficiency, reduces the cost of dc side passive components, and is favorable for grid energy storage systems. Simulation results are provided to verify the theoretical analysis.
Abstract 803: HOXB7 functions as a co-activator of estrogen receptor in the development of tamoxifen resistance (2012)

Abstract Multiple factors including long term treatment with tamoxifen are involved in the development of selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)-resistance in ERα positive breast cancer. Increased expression of HER family members can also directly alter cellular responses to tamoxifen, but the mechanism underlying the increased expression of the HERs is not clear. In this report we show that HOXB7 interacts with ERα, and together they bind to the promoter or enhancer regions of ERα-regulated genes to enhance their transcription activity. We found a number of novel HOXB7 binding sites at promoter regions, intron regions and adjacent to ER-binding sites in ER-regulated genes through HOXB7 ChIP on chiP using an Affymetrix promoter array. Potentially, HOXB7 and ERα may co-regulate about 84% of ERα-target genes. HOXB7 overexpression renders MCF-7 cells resistant to tamoxifen. Overexpression of HOXB7 results in upregulation of HER2 and ERα target genes while knockdown of HOXB7 with siRNA in tamoxifen-resistant cell lines causes decrease of HER2 and ERα target genes expression and loss of tamoxifen resistance. Our data shows that to mediate upregulation of HER2 and ER-target genes occurring in tamoxifen resistance, the HOXB7-ERα complex recruits ERα coactivators and promotes HER2- and ER-target genes transcriptional activity through direct binding to the HER2 enhancer and regulatory regions of ER target genes. However, depletion of HOXB7 negatively affects the binding affinity of its cofactors to the HER2 enhancer element and ER-binding sites. Also, we found that miR196a might control HOXB7 expression; reducing miR196a levels in tamoxifen-resistant cells causes an increase of HOXB7 expression. Further, miRNA 196a is regulated by c-MYC which undergoes stabilization through the EGFR-HER2 signaling pathway. These findings implicate overexpression of HOXB7 as a key event in the initiation and maintenance of tamoxifen resistance. These studies suggest that HOXB7 acts as a key regulator orchestrating two major groups of target molecules, ERα and HER2, in the oncogene hierarchy. Therefore, we have provided additional evidence that supports the thesis that functional antagonism of HOXB7 has the potential to circumvent tamoxifen resistance. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 803. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-803
Finite-Alphabet MMSE Equalization for All-Digital Massive MU-MIMO mmWave Communication (2020)

We propose finite-alphabet equalization, a new paradigm that restricts the entries of the spatial equalization matrix to low-resolution numbers, enabling high-throughput, low-power, and low-cost hardware equalizers. To minimize the performance loss of this paradigm, we introduce FAME, short for finite-alphabet minimum mean-square error (MMSE) equalization, which is able to significantly outperform a naive quantization of the linear MMSE matrix. We develop efficient algorithms to approximately solve the NP-hard FAME problem and showcase that near-optimal performance can be achieved with equalization coefficients quantized to only 1-3 bits for massive multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) millimeter-wave (mmWave) systems. We provide very-large scale integration (VLSI) results that demonstrate a reduction in equalization power and area by at least a factor of 3.9x and 5.8x, respectively.
A New Analytical Tire Model for Cornering Simulation. Part II: Cornering Force and Self-aligning Torque2 (2006)

Abstract An analytical tire model for cornering force (CF) and self-aligning torque (SAT) is described on the basis of the Fiala model. CF and SAT come mainly from the shear stress and sliding friction at the tread/road interface. The CF and SAT variations also change the kinetic conditions for their own generations, that is, the contact-pressure distribution, the tire-part deformation, and the relative position of the steering axis within the contact patch. The present model, the CF/SAT system model, which includes these conditional changes through the CF and SAT feedback loops, approximates the slip-angle dependence of CF and SAT with high accuracy. The inverse data analysis, that is, least-squares fittings of the measured data to the model, give some experimental information about the tread friction coefficient (the adhesive and sliding friction coefficient) and the variation in contact-pressure distribution during cornering. The CF/SAT system model, as well as the CP/SATP model in Part I, may be useful for both the tire production at tire makers and the vehicle dynamics simulation at car makers.
Drift of the HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein gp120 toward Increased Neutralization Resistance over the Course of the Epidemic: a Comprehensive Study Using the Most Potent and Broadly Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies (2014)

Extending our previous analyses to the most recently described monoclonal broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), we confirmed a drift of HIV-1 clade B variants over 2 decades toward higher resistance to bNAbs targeting almost all the identified gp120-neutralizing epitopes. In contrast, the sensitivity to bNAbs targeting the gp41 membrane-proximal external region remained stable, suggesting a selective pressure on gp120 preferentially. Despite this evolution, selected combinations of bNAbs remain capable of neutralizing efficiently most of the circulating variants.
Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface Viability and Signal Transduction with an Implanted Electrode (2014)

The regenerative peripheral nerve interface remains viable over seven months in the presence of an implanted electrode. Electrodes with and without conductive polymer reliably transduced signals from the regenerative peripheral nerve interface. Electrodes with a conductive polymer coating resulted in recording more of the regenerative peripheral nerve interface signal.
Postharvest Biological Control of Potato Sprouting by<i>Fusarium</i>Dry Rot Suppressive Bacteria (2003)

Chemical sprout inhibitors are applied to over 50% of the potato harvest to extend storage time. In the U.S.A., CIPC (1-methylethyl-3-chlorophenylcarbamate) is the only synthetic chemical registered for postharvest sprout control of stored potatoes, and it is the most widely used sprout inhibitor world-wide. Due to environmental and health safety concerns, the use of CIPC has become more restricted, and alternative sprout control methods are sought. Six bacteria strains, exhibiting superior dry rot suppressiveness in previous research, were grown in two different liquid culture media and sprayed on Russet Burbank potatoes. In growth chamber and pilot experiments repeated at two storage sites in two successive years, all six isolates demonstrated significant sprout control capabilities when applied after growth on at least one of the culture media supplied. Of the six strains tested, Pseudomonas fluorescens bv.V S11:P:12 and two strains of Enterobacter sp., S11:T:07 and S11:P:08, exhibited highest relative performance levels with sprout control being statistically similar to that of 16.6 ppm CIPC thermal fog after 4-5 months storage.
A Novel SH2-Containing Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-Trisphosphate 5-Phosphatase (SHIP2) Is Constitutively Tyrosine Phosphorylated and Associated With src Homologous and Collagen Gene (SHC) in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Progenitor Cells (1999)

Because of the probable causal relationship between constitutive p210(bcr/abl) protein tyrosine kinase activity and manifestations of chronic-phase chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML; myeloid expansion), a key goal is to identify relevant p210 substrates in primary chronic-phase CML hematopoietic progenitor cells. We describe here the purification and mass spectrometric identification of a 155-kD tyrosine phosphorylated protein associated with src homologous and collagen gene (SHC) from p210(bcr/abl)-expressing hematopoietic cells as SHIP2, a recently reported, unique SH2-domain-containing protein closely related to phosphatidylinositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase SHIP. In addition to an N-terminal SH2 domain and a central catalytic region, SHIP2 (like SHIP1) possesses both potential PTB(NPXY) and SH3 domain (PXXP) binding motifs. Thus, two unique 5-ptases with striking structural homology are coexpressed in hematopoietic progenitor cells. Stimulation of human hematopoietic growth factor responsive cell lines with stem cell factor (SCF), interleukin-3 (IL-3), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) demonstrate the rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of SHIP2 and its resulting association with SHC. This finding suggests that SHIP2, like that reported for SHIP1 previously, is linked to downstream signaling events after activation of hematopoietic growth factor receptors. However, using antibodies specific to these two proteins, we demonstrate that, whereas SHIP1 and SHIP2 selectively hydrolyze PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 in vitro, only SHIP1 hydrolyzes soluble Ins(1,3,4,5)P4. Such an enzymatic difference raises the possibility that SHIP1 and SHIP2 may serve different functions. Preliminary binding studies using lysates from p210(bcr/abl)-expressing cells indicate that both Ptyr SHIP2 and Ptyr SHIP1 bind to the PTB domain of SHC but not to its SH2 domain. Interestingly, SHIP2 was found to selectively bind to the SH3 domain of ABL, whereas SHIP1 selectively binds to the SH3 domain of Src. Furthermore, in contrast to SHIP1, SHIP2 did not bind to either the N-terminal or C-terminal SH3 domains of GRB2. These observations suggest (1) that SHIP1 and SHIP2 may have a different hierarchy of binding SH3 containing proteins and therefore may modulate different signaling pathways and/or localize to different cellular compartments and (2) that they may be substrates for tyrosine phosphorylation by different tyrosine kinases. Because recent evidence has clearly implicated both PI(3,4, 5)P3 and PI(3,4)P2 in growth factor-mediated signaling, our finding that both SHIP1 and SHIP2 are constitutively tyrosine phosphorylated in CML primary hematopoietic progenitor cells may thus have important implications in p210(bcr/abl)-mediated myeloid expansion.
Properties of Ce:LiSrAlF{sub 6} and Ce:LiCaAlF{sub 6} ultraviolet lasers (1994)

The ultraviolet laser properties of LiSrAlF{sub 6} doped with trivalent cerium (Ce:LiSAF) and LiCaAlF{sub 6} (Ce:LiCAF) are reported. The polarized absorption, emission and excited state absorption cross sections for both Ce:LiSAF and Ce:LiCAF were determined for the 266 nm pump and 290 nm laser emission wavelengths. The single exponential emission lifetime was measured to be 28{+-}2 and 25{+-}2 ns for Ce:LiSAF and Ce:LiCAF, respectively. The gains was found to be highest when the probe was polarized parallel to the optic axis of the crystal due to the anisotropic nature of the excited state absorption. The excited state absorption is ascribed to a transition from the 5d orbital of Ce{sup 3+} to the conduction band of the host. Laser slope efficiencies of up to 29% and 21% were measured for Ce:LiSAF and Ce:LiCAF when the 266 nm pulsed pump beam was polarized parallel to the optic or c-axis. These are the highest laser slope efficiencies yet observed for any known solid-state ultraviolet laser material. When the pump beam was polarized perpendicular to the optic axis of the crystals, the gain and laser efficiencies dropped by up to an order of magnitude. The magnitude of pump-induced solarization was found to be highlymore » variable for different crystals, and to have insignificant impact on the laser performance when favor crystals were utilized.« less
Glycoprotein-Based Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays for Serodiagnosis of Infectious Laryngotracheitis (2015)

For detection of infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) antibody, glycoprotein B-, C-, and D-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (B-, C-, and D-ELISAs, respectively) were developed. The B- and D-ELISAs showed enhanced detection of anti-ILTV antibodies in infected chickens compared to that of the commercial ELISA. Furthermore, the D-ELISA was efficient in detecting seroconversion with vectored vaccine, using recombinant Newcastle disease virus (rNDV) expressing glycoprotein D (gD) as the vaccine vector.
Controlled Assembly of Biocompatible Metallic Nanoaggregates Using a Small Molecule Crosslinker (2015)

By introducing a capping step and controlling the reaction parameters, assembly of metallic nanoparticle aggregates can be achieved using a small-molecule crosslinker. Aggregates can be assembled from particles of varied size and composition and the size of the aggregates can be systematically adjusted. Following cell uptake of 60 nm aggregates, the aggregates are stable and nontoxic to macrophage cells up to 55 × 10(-3) m Au.
Total Synthesis of Taxol. 4. The Final Stages and Completion of the Synthesis (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal Synthesis of Taxol. 4. The Final Stages and Completion of the SynthesisK. C. Nicolaou, H. Ueno, J.-J. Liu, P. G. Nantermet, Z. Yang, J. Renaud, K. Paulvannan, and R. ChadhaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 2, 653–659Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00107a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00107a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3225Altmetric-Citations155LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The type II transforming growth factor-β receptor as a tumor-suppressor gene (1996)

Recent work has shown that: 1) loss of transforming growth factor-beta response is associated with malignant progression, 2) maintenance of autocrine negative transforming growth factor-beta activity is a key impediment to malignant progression, and 3) the major mechanism for loss of RII expression in replication error-positive colorectal cancer patients is mutation of the poly A tract of the transforming growth factor-beta receptor type II (RII) gene resulting in the generation of a premature STOP codon. Major issues for the role of RII in cancer are identified as the determination of the penetrance of mechanisms of RII loss in non-replication error tumors and other types of malignancies in addition to colon cancer. Analysis of mechanism of RII loss may prove to have clinical use in defining the clinical course of subset of different types of malignancies and, in addition, it may result in the identification of new therapeutic targets and approaches for some subsets of cancers.