gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Remote Sensing and Spatial Statistics as Tools in Crime Analysis (2011)

This chapter explores the feasibility and utility of using aerial photography or remotely sensed satellite imagery to identify geographic or “place” features that may be associated with criminal activity. It assesses whether or not variables derived from satellite images can provide surrogate relationships between land use and crime. A review of the remote sensing literature suggests two basic approaches to the use of remotely sensed images in law enforcement: (1) tactical; and (2) analytical. The tactical approach uses the imagery as a background to the maps and other spatial information that an officer on the beat might have as he or she is investigating a crime or emergency situation. The analytical approach uses the remotely sensed images to create new variables that may serve as proxies for the risk of crime in particular locations. In this study we employ the analytical approach to the use of remotely sensed images, classifying images according to the presence or absence of vegetation within a pixel, as well as the classification of specific urban attributes, such as parking lots. We also employ spatial statistics to quantify the relationship between features of the images and crime events on the ground, and these analyses may be particularly useful as input to policy decisions about policing within the community.Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.
Steam drive - definition and enhancement (1981)

Model studies have demonstrated that the efficiency of the steam drive in a reservoir in which early communication between wells is established is relatively independent of thickness, except that the efficiency begins to fall for very thick reservoirs. Experiments have also shown that the effectiveness of the steam drive increases so rapidly as the viscosity of the heated oil decreases that it is probable that the residual oil in a number of water flooded reservoirs can be economically recovered by the steam drive. The substitution of a non-condensible gas for a fraction of the steam, either alternating with or simultaneously with steam injection, in a mature steam drive results in a significant increase in oil/steam ratio since the non-condensible gas is capable of displacing the heated oil. 12 refs.
An anti-leakage liquid metal thermal interface material (2020)

Liquid metals (LMs) offer extremely low thermal resistance, and have been studied as an emerging thermal interface material (TIM). In this work, we propose an improved form of LM/indium film/LM sandwich pad as an efficient TIM. The sandwich-like structure was designed to avoid liquid leakage and oxidation of LM, and additional micropillar arrays were fabricated on the surface, which benefitted the improved wetting of the substrate surface. A series of thermal tests revealed the anti-leakage characteristic and thermal stability of LM/indium film/LM, whose thermal resistance can also reach as low as 0.036 cm<sup>2</sup> K W<sup>-1</sup>. Additionally, the heat dissipation test performed on a commercial smart phone demonstrated that a LM/In/LM pad not only reduced the temperature of the CPU and back cover but also enhanced the runtime of a battery by 25.
Amphotropic Retroviral Vectors Displaying Hepatocyte Growth Factor-Envelope Fusion Proteins Improve Transduction Efficiency of Primary Hepatocytes (1998)

The development of retroviral vectors with cell-specific targeting capabilities will be an important step toward successful in vitro gene therapy. This article describes the generation of a retroviral vector with enhanced binding abilities for cells bearing the c-Met receptor: the Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell line and primary hepatocytes. The human hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) was displayed on murine amphotropic retroviral vectors by fusion to the viral transmembrane envelope glycoprotein (TM). The resulting chimeric envelope HGF-TM was expressed in an amphotropic packaging cell line producing viral particles that display both HGF-TM and the wild-type envelope. These modified viral particles had a titer equivalent to that of unmodified particles. Modified particles infected MDCK cells more efficiently than did unmodified amphotropic retrovirus. Adding anti-HGF antibodies to the viral vector particle supernatant prior to infection confirmed that the increased infection was mediated by the HGF moiety. The chimeric viruses also infected primary mouse and nonhuman primate fetal hepatocytes more effectively. Furthermore, these cells could be induced to proliferate by the modified HGF-TM viruses. Since exogenous HGF is primarily taken up by the liver, these results may have implications for retroviral vector design for liver-directed human gene therapy.
ROCK inhibitor improves survival of cryopreserved serum/feeder-free single human embryonic stem cells (2008)

The method described here allows for cryopreservation of single hES cells in serum-free and feeder-free conditions and therefore we believe this method will be ideal for current and future hES cell applications that are targeted towards a therapeutic end-point.
Extrapulmonary Effects of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease on Physical Activity (2007)

Higher values of systemic inflammation and left cardiac dysfunction are associated with reduced physical activity in patients with COPD.
Data Analytics from Enroll‐<scp>HD</scp>, a Global Clinical Research Platform for Huntington's Disease (2016)

These first data from the Enroll-HD clinical research platform demonstrate the maturity and potential of the platform in collecting high-quality, clinically relevant data. Future data sets will be substantially larger as the platform expands longitudinally and regionally.
High-Temperature Single-Crystal 3C-SiC Capacitive Pressure Sensor (2004)

Single-crystal 3C-silicon carbide (SiC) capacitive pressure sensors are proposed for high-temperature sensing applications. The prototype device consists of an edge-clamped circular 3C-SiC diaphragm with a radius of 400 /spl mu/m and a thickness of 0.5 /spl mu/m suspended over a 2-/spl mu/m sealed cavity on a silicon substrate. The 3C-SiC film is grown epitaxially on a 100-mm diameter <100> silicon substrate by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition. The fabricated sensor demonstrates a high-temperature sensing capability up to 400/spl deg/C, limited by the test setup. At 400/spl deg/C, the device achieves a linear characteristic response between 1100 and 1760 torr with a sensitivity of 7.7 fF/torr, a linearity of 2.1%, and a hysterisis of 3.7% with a sensing repeatability of 39 torr (52 mbar). A wide range of sensor specifications, such as linear ranges, sensitivities, and capacitance values, can be achieved by choosing the proper device geometrical parameters.
Another universal differential equation (2002)

I construct a new universal differential equation (B), in the sense of Rubel. That is, its solutions approximate to arbitrary accuracy any continuous function on any interval of the real line.
Stereo vision based road scene segment and vehicle detection (2014)

A stereo vision based road scene segment and vehicle detection method was proposed in this paper. In the method, First, dynamic programming was used for stereo matching, and then mismatching pixels were removed by left-right-consistency check; Second, V disparity was built by computing the disparity map, and a fast projection based line detection method was used to detect lines in V disparity map, after that, the road surface and vanishing line was extracted, and the intersection point between road and vehicle was computed; Third, the U disparity map was built to detect the horizontal position of vehicle. The experiment results have shown that our method not only can extract road area correctly, but also can detect vehicle position correctly too.
Localized α4 Integrin Phosphorylation Directs Shear Stress–Induced Endothelial Cell Alignment (2008)

Vascular endothelial cells respond to laminar shear stress by aligning in the direction of flow, a process which may contribute to atheroprotection. Here we report that localized alpha4 integrin phosphorylation is a mechanism for establishing the directionality of shear stress-induced alignment in microvascular endothelial cells. Within 5 minutes of exposure to a physiological level of shear stress, endothelial alpha4 integrins became phosphorylated on Ser(988). In wounded monolayers, phosphorylation was enhanced at the downstream edges of cells relative to the source of flow. The shear-induced alpha4 integrin phosphorylation was blocked by inhibitors of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA), an enzyme involved in the alignment of endothelial cells under prolonged shear. Moreover, shear-induced localized activation of the small GTPase Rac1, which specifies the directionality of endothelial alignment, was similarly blocked by PKA inhibitors. Furthermore, endothelial cells bearing a nonphosphorylatable alpha4(S(988)A) mutation failed to align in response to shear stress, thus establishing alpha4 as a relevant PKA substrate. We thereby show that shear-induced PKA-dependent alpha4 integrin phosphorylation at the downstream edge of endothelial cells promotes localized Rac1 activation, which in turn directs cytoskeletal alignment in response to shear stress.
Class-dependent score combination for speaker recognition (2005)

Many recent performance improvements in speaker recognition using higher-level features, as demonstrated in the NIST Speaker Recognition Evaluation (SRE) task, rely on combinations of multiple systems modeling a large variety of features. The diversity of the large set of features starting from short-term acoustic spectrum features all the way to habitual word usage from a large set of speakers in a multitude of settings (acoustic environment, speaking style, quantities of enrollment/test data) results in a challenging model combination task. In this work, we are presenting a class-based score combination technique that relies on clustering of both the target models and the test utterances in a vector space defined by a set of speaker-specific transformation parameters estimated during transcription of the talker’s speech by automatic speech recognition (ASR). We show that significant performance gains are obtained by using the first few principal components of a model transform for clustering the speaker verification trials into classes for (target speaker, test utterance) pairs, and then training a separate combiner for each class. We report results on the NIST SRE 2004 and FISHER datasets.
Enzymic studies on adrenocortical deoxycorticosterone 11beta-hydroxylase system. (1975)

Radiometric methods for the assay of deoxycorticosterone 11beta-hydroxylase and for the determination of NADP on a microscale were developed. The determination of NADP was based on the quantitative conversion of 6-phospho[1-14C]gluconate to 14CO2 by the action of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. Using these methods NADPH oxidase activity of the adrenodoxin reductase-adrenodoxin system as well as kinetic properties of deoxycorticosterone 11beta-hydroxylase (cytochrome P-450) were investigated. The NADPH oxidase activity observed in the presence of adrenodoxin reductase, adrenodoxin, and O2, but in the absence of cytochrome P-450 and deoxycorticosterone, were functions of O2 and adrenodoxin concentrations and represented the autooxidation of reduced adrenodoxin which resulted in the production of H2O2. Due to the rapid autooxidizability of reduced adrenodoxin, only a small fraction of electrons conveyed from NADPH to adrenodoxin by way of adrenodoxin reductase was utilized for the deoxycorticosterone 11beta-hydroxylase reaction under the conditions employed.
<title>Planar optical waveguides on glasses and glass-ceramic materials</title> (1991)

New possibilities for glass and glass-ceramic materials for integrated optics are shown. Formation questions of planar waveguides by the ion exchange method on the basis of transmitting, controlling, and recording glassy materials are considered. Examples of various controlled waveguide elements on the basic active glasses are presented.
Mechanisms for dose retention in conformal arsenic doping using a radial line slot antenna microwave plasma source (2015)

Topographic structures such as Fin FETs and silicon nanowires for advanced gate fabrication require ultra-shallow high dose infusion of dopants into the silicon subsurface. Plasma doping meets this requirement by supplying a flux of inert ions and dopant radicals to the surface. However, the helium ion bombardment needed to infuse dopants into the fin surface can cause poor dose retention. This is due to the interaction between substrate damage and post doping process wet cleaning solutions required in the front end of line large-scale integration fabrication. We present findings from surface microscopy experiments that reveal the mechanism for dose retention in arsenic doped silicon fin samples using a microwave RLSA™ plasma source. Dilute aqueous hydrofluoric acid (DHF) cleans by themselves are incompatible with plasma doping processes because the films deposited over the dosed silicon and ion bombardment damaged silicon are readily removed. Oxidizing wet cleaning chemistries help retain the dose as silica rich over-layers are not significantly degraded. Furthermore, the dosed retention after a DHF clean following an oxidizing wet clean is unchanged. Still, the initial ion bombardment energy and flux are important. Large ion fluxes at energies below the sputter threshold and above the silicon damage threshold, before the silicon surface is covered by an amorphous mixed phase layer, allow for enhanced uptake of dopant into the silicon. The resulting dopant concentration is beyond the saturation limit of crystalline silicon.
Realizing "value-added" metrology (2007)

The conventional premise that metrology is a "non-value-added necessary evil" is a misleading and dangerous assertion, which must be viewed as obsolete thinking. Many metrology applications are key enablers to traditionally labeled "value-added" processing steps in lithography and etch, such that they can be considered integral parts of the processes. Various key trends in modern, state-of-the-art processing such as optical proximity correction (OPC), design for manufacturability (DFM), and advanced process control (APC) are based, at their hearts, on the assumption of fine-tuned metrology, in terms of uncertainty and accuracy. These trends are vehicles where metrology thus has large opportunities to create value through the engineering of tight and targetable process distributions. Such distributions make possible predictability in speed-sorts and in other parameters, which results in high-end product. Additionally, significant reliance has also been placed on defect metrology to predict, improve, and reduce yield variability. The necessary quality metrology is strongly influenced by not only the choice of equipment, but also the quality application of these tools in a production environment. The ultimate value added by metrology is a result of quality tools run by a quality metrology team using quality practices. This paper will explore the relationships among present and future trends and challenges in metrology, including equipment, key applications, and metrology deployment in the manufacturing flow. Of key importance are metrology personnel, with their expertise, practices, and metrics in achieving and maintaining the required level of metrology performance, including where precision, matching, and accuracy fit into these considerations. The value of metrology will be demonstrated to have shifted to "key enabler of large revenues," debunking the out-of-date premise that metrology is "non-value-added." Examples used will be from critical dimension (CD) metrology, overlay, films, and defect metrology.
Components of almond hulls: possible navel orangeworm attractants and growth inhibitors (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComponents of almond hulls: possible navel orangeworm attractants and growth inhibitorsRon G. Buttery, Edwin L. Soderstrom, Richard M. Seifert, Louisa C. Ling, and William F. HaddonCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1980, 28, 2, 353–356Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1980https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60228a025RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views131Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (501 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Structure of cellulose in cuoxam (1994)

Abstract Cuoxam ([Cu II (NH 3 ) 4 ](OH) 2 ) is a well known solvent for cellulose. Because of its deep blue colour, it has been used so far only for viscosity measurements. Direct light scattering measurements have not yet been reported in the literature. We carried out static and dynamic light scattering measurements in cuoxam using the blue wavelength of λ 0 = 457.9 nm from an Argon ion laser. The measurements were involved with some difficulties mainly caused by colloidal particles of CuO and Cu(OH) 2 which could be removed by direct centrifugation of the cells. Furthermore, the scattering intensity had to be corrected for extinction. The refractive index increment was taken from the literature. 12 samples of different molecular weight and different origin were measured, and common power law behavior was found in a region up to about DP w = 1000 for both, the radius of gyration R g and the hydrodynamic radius R h , derived from the diffusion coefficient D z . At higher degrees of polymerization characteristic deviations to lower radii occurred.These deviations are not caused by aggregation since the DP w 's agreed with those from the cellulose tricarbanilates. The quantitative analysis of the radii and the angular dependence of the scattered light allowed determination of the chain stiffness. A Kuhn segment length of I k = 25.6 (±6.2) nm and a characteristic ratio C ∞ = 49.6 (±12.0) were derived. These values are close to those for cellulose‐tri‐carbanilate in dioxane.The reason for the increased stiffening is discussed on the basis of a special H‐bond model.
Developmental and age-related changes in apolipoprotein B mRNA editing in mice. (1992)

Apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA is modified by a post-transcriptional editing reaction (C to U) changing a glutamine (CAA) to a translational stop codon (UAA) and producing apoB-48 mRNA in mammalian liver and intestine. Developmental and age-related changes in apoB mRNA editing were studied using two mouse strains with different aging processes (SAM-R/1 with a normal aging process and SAM-P/1 with an accelerated aging process). During growth of both strains, the proportion of unedited (apoB-100) mRNA decreased from 80% in the fetal liver at the 17th day of gestation to 30% in the liver of mature 2-month-old mice. Age-associated increase in the proportion of hepatic apoB-100 mRNA was observed from the age of 18 months in the SAM-R/1 strain. In the SAM-P/1 strain, apoB-100 mRNA in the liver continued to increase from the age of 10 months to death. The profiles of developmental and age-related changes in the proportion of two serum apoB isoproteins (apoB-100 and apoB-48) followed the extent of hepatic apoB mRNA editing. Age-related changes in the extent of apoB mRNA editing in the small intestine were not observed in either strain. A slight expression of apoB was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in the kidney, stomach, and colon, and age-associated change in the extent of editing was observed in the kidney. These correlated changes in apoB mRNA editing and serum apoB proteins suggest that RNA editing may be one mechanism involved in the regulation of lipoprotein biogenesis in biological development and in senescent mice. An age-associated decrease in the extent of hepatic apoB mRNA editing and increases of the proportion of serum apoB-100 protein were observed in senescent mice.
Investigation of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell Electrodes for Methane Synthesis (2017)

Methane-synthesis solid oxide electrolysis cell (MS-SOEC) technology has potential to provide efficient renewable energy storage systems. However, there are few studies focusing on MS-SOEC electrode materials. In this study, several materials were tested experimentally. As anode materials, La0.6Sr0.4MnO3-δ (LSM), La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ-Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 composite (LSCF-SDC) and platinum were compared. The cell with LSCF-SDC exhibited lower overpotentials and higher stability than LSM. Platinum showed even better performance than LSCF-SDC. Ni-SDC was used for the cathode, and the cathode outlet gas compositions were analyzed for several operation temperatures and current densities. It was found that catalytic activity for methanation was enhanced under polarized conditions. Effects of ruthenium addition to the cathode were also examined. Impedance analysis combined with gas composition measurements revealed high electrochemical activity of ruthenium, while methane production was suppressed possibly due to methane reforming reactions promoted by ruthenium.
Dioxanone-Fused Dienes Enable Highly <i>Endo</i>-Selective Intramolecular Diels–Alder Reactions (2015)

Intramolecular Diels-Alder reactions of dioxanone-fused (Z,Z)-dienes, available in a stereoselective manner from the corresponding alcohols are described. These dienes exhibited high reactivity and high levels of endo selectivity, giving functionalized trans-fused bicyclic compounds.
High Speed UV Laser Beam Scanning by Polygon Mirror (2018)

Since the stereolithograpy system appeared on the market, various rapid prototyping\nmachines based on the layer laminated manufacturing process have emerged one after the other,\nthe range of applications of which is classified according to their features. Of these,\nstereolithogrraphy methods which make use ofphotocurable resin as material and laser beam as\nprocessing tools are gradually being established. They are currently the most widespread with a\nrich variety of models available. The scanning device used in stereolithography serves as the\nkey technology for this method but consists basically of only the galvanometer mirror known\nfor outstanding high speed ability and the XY plotter known for outstanding scanning position\naccuracy1),2). Lately, many models are seen to use the galvanometer mirror due to improved\naccuracy, but still this scanning device is used only when the fabrication size allows, etc. From\nsuch reasons, the authors have developed a laser stereolithograpy system capable of high speed\nhigh accuracy position scanning by the high speed raster scanning method using a polygon\nmirror as the scanning device3). The polygon mirror, which has a higher scanning speed than the\ngalvanometer mirror, is moved along the NC servo shaft and the raster scanning spacing is made\nconsiderably smaller than the laser beam spot diameter.\nThis paper describes this system and the results offabrication experiments with this system.