gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Ion Generator for Neutralizing Concentrated Aerosols (2000)

An ion generator was developed to neutralize concentrated streams of large, highly charged particles in a low-velocity wind tunnel. The aerosol stream tested consisted of 30 mu m aluminum oxide particles (aerodynamic diameter 52 mu m) at a flow rate of 9.6 m3/h (160 L min) and a mass concentration of 43 g/m3. The average number of excess charges per particle was 240,000 (positive), which corresponds to a neutralizing current requirement of 0.11 mu A. Neutralization to < +/- 10,000 charges per particle was necessary to prevent electrostatic sampling artifacts. Neutralization with radioactive sources would have required an impractically large source. The ion generator, constructed from 21 and 32 mm PVC pipe, has 4 peripheral radial electrodes of 0.5 mm tungsten wire and a 2.0 mm diameter central electrode. The aerosol flowed through the ion generator along its axis. The ion generator was powered by an adjustable (0-8.5 kV) power supply. Performance of the ion generator was monitored with an isokinetic Faraday-cup sampler connected to a Keithley Model 6512 electrometer capable of 0.1 fA resolution. The sampler used a stainless steel 47 mm filter holder as the Faraday cup. The cup was insulated with Teflon inside a 90 mm diameter stainless steel enclosure with a 21 mm diameter inlet. This setup gave near real-time measure ment of the charge state of the aerosol in the wind tunnel. By adjusting the ion generator power supply, particle charge could be reduced to < 2% of its original charge. Ion generator output was sufficiently stable to maintain the particle charge within +/- 2% of the original charge over a 1 h period. These reduced charge levels are comparable to charge levels found on workplace aerosols.
Automated Cuff Pressure Modulation (2011)

This novel device reduces the risk of subglottic and tracheal injury by modulating ETT cuff pressure in synchronization with the ventilatory cycle. This finding could have far-reaching implications for reducing the risk of airway injury in patients undergoing long-term intubation. Further clinical study of this device is warranted.
Diagnosis of Pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica Infection using a Stool ELISA Based on Monoclonal Antibodies to the Galactose-Specific Adhesin (1993)

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against pathogen-specific epitopes of the galactose adhesin of Entamoeba histolytica were used in an ELISA to detect antigen from pathogenic E. histolytica. Single stool specimens from 74 patients in Bangladesh were used. The ELISA for pathogenic E. histolytica was positive in all 12 stool specimens with pathogenic amebae subsequently cultured, in no stool specimens with nonpathogenic E. histolytica and in 2 of 40 stools with other or no intestinal parasites detected. Specificity and sensitivity of the assay for pathogenic E. histolytica were 97% and 100%, respectively. These preliminary data offer promise for an ELISA using MAbs to the galactose adhesin as a rapid and sensitive means to detect the presence of pathogenic E. histolytica infection in stool specimens.
Brucella abortus as a potential vaccine candidate: induction of interleukin-12 secretion and enhanced B7.1 and B7.2 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 surface expression in elutriated human monocytes stimulated by heat-inactivated B. abortus (1996)

Development of a vaccine which is capable of generating a strong cellular immune response associated with gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) production and cytotoxic T-cell development requires that the immunogen be capable of inducing the secretion of interleukin-12 (IL-12), which is a pivotal factor for the differentiation of Th1 or Tc1 cells. We have previously shown that the heat-inactivated gram-negative bacterium Brucella abortus can induce IFN-gamma secretion by T cells. In the present study, we demonstrate that B. abortus and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from B. abortus can induce IL-12 p40 mRNA expression and protein secretion by human elutriated monocytes (99% pure). p40 mRNA was detected within 4 h, and p40 protein could be measured at 24 h. This induction was abrogated by anti-CD14 monoclonal antibody, suggesting that monocytes recognize B. abortus via their receptor for LPS. The biological activity of IL-12 secreted by B. abortus-stimulated monocytes was demonstrated by its ability to upregulate IFN-gamma mRNA expression in T cells separated from monocytes and B. abortus by a transwell membrane. The B. abortus-induced IL-12 also enhanced NK cytolytic activity against K562 target cells. B. abortus was shown to rapidly increase the expression of the costimulatory molecules B7.1 and B7.2 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 on human monocytes. Together, these data indicate that B. abortus can directly activate human monocytes and provide the cytokine milieu which would direct the immune response towards Th1-Tc1 differentiation.
The Application of Solid Phase Extraction to the Analysis of Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines (1991)

A new isolation and separation method has been developed for the alkaloid-related nitrosamines in tobacco, called tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA). The improved isolation procedure involves the extraction by sonication of TSNA from cured tobacco with toluene and an aqueous citrate buffer solution, while purification is achieved by solid phase extraction on small silica cartridges. Interfering extract materials are eluted from the silica cartridges with the toluene and a chloroform-methylene chloride solvent, while subsequent elution with chloroform yields the TSNA in a purified fraction. Gas chromatographic analyses on an SE-54-coated glass capillary column and detection by a nitrogen-phosphorous detector produce very good data on the four TSNAs, which include N-nitrosanatabine (NATB), N-nitrosoanabasine (NAB), 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (called NNK), and N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN). The method is shown to be quantitative, reproducible, and applicable to the determination of TSNA in various tobacco samples, such as stems and lamina of cured tobacco leaves, as well as to smokeless tobacco.
Performances of nanofiltration and low pressure reverse osmosis membranes for desalination: characterization and modelling (2017)

The nanofiltration and the reverse osmosis processes are the most common techniques for the desalination of water contaminated by an excess of salts. In this present study, we were interested in the characterization of commercial, composite and asymmetric membranes of nanofiltration (NF90, NF270) and low pressure reverse osmosis (BW30LE). The two types of characterization that we opted for our study: (i) characterization of electrical proprieties, in terms of the surface charge of various membranes studied by the measurement of the streaming potential, (ii) hydrodynamic characterization in terms of hydraulic permeability with pure water, mass transfer and phenomenological parameters for each system membrane/salt using hydrodynamic approaches. The irreversible thermodynamics allowed us to model the observed retention Robs of salts (NaCl and Na2SO4) for the different membranes studied, to understand and to predict a good filtration with a membrane. A study was conducted on the type of mass transfer for each system membrane/salt: convection and diffusion. The results showed that all tested membranes are negatively charged for the solutions at neutral pH, this is explained by their material composition. The results also showed competitiveness between the different types of membranes. In view of that the NF remains effective in terms of selective retention with less energy consumption than LPRO.
Crosslinking in shear-thickening ionomers (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrosslinking in shear-thickening ionomersT. A. Witten Jr. and M. H. CohenCite this: Macromolecules 1985, 18, 10, 1915–1918Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00152a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00152a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views745Altmetric-Citations170LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Buchdruckerbefall regional unterschiedlich (2017)

Wie schon im Vorjahr gilt: In verschiedenen Regionen des Landes befinden sich die Buchdrucker-Populationen nicht in der Latenz, sie sind teils deutlich angestiegen.
ChemInform Abstract: ACETALS AND ETHERS. PART IV. SYNTHESIS OF ACETALS FROM ALIPHATIC ALDEHYDES AND MONOALKYL ETHERS OF ETHYLENE GLYCOLS (1979)

Abstract Reaktion der aliphatischen Aldehyde (I) mit de Monoalkoxyethylenglykolen (II) führt zu den Acetalen (III).
In-Home Sleep Apnea Severity Classification using Contact-free Load Cells and an AdaBoosted Decision Tree Algorithm (2018)

We present a method for automated diagnosis and classification of severity of sleep apnea using an array of non-contact pressure-sensitive sensors placed underneath a mattress as an alternative to conventional obtrusive sensors. Our algorithm comprises two stages: i) A decision tree classifier that identifies patients with sleep apnea, and ii) a subsequent linear regression model that estimates the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), which is used to determine the severity of sleep disordered breathing. We tested our algorithm on a cohort of 14 patients who underwent overnight home sleep apnea test. The machine learning algorithm was trained and performance was evaluated using leave-one-patient-out cross-validation. The accuracy of the proposed approach in detecting sleep apnea is 86.96%, with sensitivity and specificity of 81.82% and 91.67%, respectively. Moreover, classification of severity of the sleep disorder was correctly assigned in 11 out of 14 cases, and the mean absolute error in the AHI estimation was calculated to be 3.83 events/hr.
Regression of a metastatic lung mass after receiving whole brain irradiation: Can the abscopal effect cross the blood–brain barrier? (2018)

An abscopal effect refers to distant tumor regression after localized irradiation. The mechanism is thought to be via local radiotherapy triggering the immune system which then attacks distant tumor sites. Only several cases of solid tumors with an abscopal effect have been reported in the past few decades, and whether an abscopal effect can cross the blood-brain barrier is still unknown. Herein, we present a female patient who was admitted due to unsteady gait and dyspnea. Chest X-ray (CXR) and chest CT showed a huge lung mass with left lung collapse and multiple liver masses. Brain MRI also showed multiple brain metastases. A bronchoscopic biopsy proved metastatic adenocarcinoma from colorectal cancer based on immunohistochemical staining. She therefore received 30 Gy (10 fractions) for the brain metastases; however, she refused to receive any systemic therapy for her lung mass and asked for hospice care. She was therefore transferred to a nursing home and was lost to follow-up. She returned 2 months later due to right pneumonia with fever and productive cough. Surprisingly, her left lung mass had markedly regressed even though she had not received any additional systemic anticancer therapy. This may be the first case of an abscopal effect after receiving whole brain irradiation for brain metastases.
Utilizing Inverse Emulsion Polymerization To Generate Responsive Nanogels for Cytosolic Protein Delivery (2017)

Therapeutic biologics have various advantages over synthetic drugs in terms of selectivity, their catalytic nature, and, thus, therapeutic efficacy. These properties offer the potential for more effective treatments that may also overcome the undesirable side effects observed due to off-target toxicities of small molecule drugs. Unfortunately, systemic administration of biologics is challenging due to cellular penetration, renal clearance, and enzymatic degradation difficulties. A delivery vehicle that can overcome these challenges and deliver biologics to specific cellular populations has the potential for significant therapeutic impact. In this work, we describe a redox-responsive nanoparticle platform, which can encapsulate hydrophilic proteins and release them only in the presence of a reducing stimulus. We have formulated these nanoparticles using an inverse emulsion polymerization (IEP) methodology, yielding inverse nanoemulsions, or nanogels. We have demonstrated our ability to overcome the liabilities that contribute to activity loss by delivering a highly challenging cargo, functionally active caspase-3, a cysteine protease susceptible to oxidative and self-proteolytic insults, to the cytosol of HeLa cells by encapsulation inside a redox-responsive nanogel.
Modification of pain on injection of propofol (1996)

One hundred and fifty ASA 1 and 2 patients were randomly allocated to receive pethidine 25 mg (1 ml), lignocaine 10 mg (1 ml) or 0.9% saline (1 ml) on a double-blind basis, as pretreatment to reduce pain on injection of propofol. Both active treatments were significantly better than placebo at preventing pain (p < 0.01). Lignocaine was most effective in preventing pain in men (p < 0.05) whilst pethidine was more effective in women (p < 0.05).
User navigation in computer applications (1993)

An abstract model of keyboard navigation that is based on real-world requirements is described. The importance of keyboard navigation is discussed, and the current approaches to keyboard navigation are reviewed. Several requirements for a successful model of keyboard navigation, including that keyboard navigation and direct manipulation must coexist in the same application, are described. Examples of successful use of the proposed approach to keyboard navigation in application development are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Dose and Schedule Study of Panitumumab Monotherapy in Patients with Advanced Solid Malignancies (2008)

Panitumumab was well tolerated with comparable exposure and safety profiles for the weekly, every 2 weeks, and every 3 weeks administration schedules. Rash and dry skin occurred more frequently in the dose cohorts receiving > or =2.5 mg/kg weekly dose. Panitumumab has single-agent antitumor activity, most notably in patients with advanced colorectal cancer.
Portrait Value Questionnaire's (PVQ) Usefulness in Explaining Quality Food-Related Consumer Behavior (2011)

Purpose - Schwartz's portrait value questionnaire (PVQ) has extensively been used in personal values research. The present paper aims to validate the 4'2item PVQ typology, using a nationally representative sample of 997 consumers. The main objective of the survey was to investigate whether higher-than-average regular purchasing of quality food products (i.e. organic and PDO labelled products) coincides with stronger identification with specific PVQ values. Design/methodology/approach - A questionnaire was distributed nationwide. Data were collected through personal interviews with 997 consumers. Confirmatory factor analysis and cluster analysis were the main analytical techniques used. Findings - At the value-based segmentation level of the analysis, identification with the PVQ value domains decreased per cluster progressively and jointly for almost all value domains, a trend that led to the identification of five distinctive national consumer segments. The trend of stronger identification with security, universalism and benevolence that appeared at the sample level re-emerged for the urban upper class, the countryside class I and the countryside class II, which accounted for two-thirds of the overall sample and were the clusters with the most dynamic quality food purchasing profile. Research limitations/implications - Despite the emergence of a clear relation between consumers' self-transcendence and security value similarity and higher-than-average frequency of quality food purchasing, quality food consumers did not form a separate and clearly diversified cluster if the PVQ inventory functions as a basis for segmentation. Future models should incorporate values together with intermediate-level constructs (e.g. beliefs and/or attitudes) when attempting to predict consumer behaviour towards quality food products. Originality/value - The paper shows that while values can be used to meaningfully segment quality food consumers, there is still much to learn regarding the direct and indirect determinants of quality food purchase behaviour.
Application service provision through the grid: business models and architectures (2004)

The new economy is the result of the information revolution that promotes the emergence of networked, ubiquitous and collaborative service provision. Furthermore, the globalisation of trade has increased the number of competitors, driving the need for federated and networked business models. In this paper we argue that next generation ASP models could benefit from the use of the grid. We describe a grid-enabled architecture for coordinated resource sharing and problem solving in dynamic, multi-institutional ASP vendors.
Mapping a Wild Tomato Introgression Associated with Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Resistance in a Cultivated Tomato Line (2000)

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a heterogeneous complex of whitefly-vectored geminiviruses, is a serious production constraint of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in Asia, the Middle East, and the Americas. In this study we report on mapping of a DNA fragment introgressed into cultivated tomato presumably from the wild species L. hirsutum Humb. and Bonpl . and found to be associated with TYLCV resistance. To locate introgressions of wild tomato alleles in TYLCV-resistant tomato line H24, its DNA was digested with six restriction enzymes and probed with 90 RFLP markers evenly spaced throughout the genome. This polymorphism survey revealed the presence of one wild tomato introgression each on chromosomes 8 and 11. Plants of a F 2 cross between H24 and a susceptible tomato line were probed with randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RFLP) markers linked to the targeted regions and F 3 families were developed by self-pollination of F 2 plants that carried none, one, or both introgressions in either homozygous or heterozygous states. Plants of F 3 families, parents, and control tomato line Ty52 (homozygous for the Ty-1 allele for TYLCV tolerance) were exposed to viruliferous whiteflies ( Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) in greenhouses at the Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center, Taiwan, and the University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India. Results indicated that F 3 families homozygous for the introgression on chromosome 11 were resistant to TYLCV at both locations. Additional probing showed that the chromosome 11 introgression spanned markers TG36 to TG393, covering a distance of at least 14.6 centimorgans. This is the first report of TYLCV resistance in tomato mapped to chromosome 11.
High‐throughput SNP‐based authentication of human cell lines (2012)

Use of false cell lines remains a major problem in biological research. Short tandem repeat (STR) profiling represents the gold standard technique for cell line authentication. However, mismatch repair (MMR)-deficient cell lines are characterized by microsatellite instability, which could force allelic drifts in combination with a selective outgrowth of otherwise persisting side lines, and, thus, are likely to be misclassified by STR profiling. On the basis of the high-throughput Luminex platform, we developed a 24-plex single nucleotide polymorphism profiling assay, called multiplex cell authentication (MCA), for determining authentication of human cell lines. MCA was evaluated by analyzing a collection of 436 human cell lines from the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, previously characterized by eight-loci STR profiling. Both assays showed a very high degree of concordance and similar average matching probabilities (~1 × 10(-8) for STR profiling and ~1 × 10(-9) for MCA). MCA enabled the detection of less than 3% of contaminating human cells. By analyzing MMR-deficient cell lines, evidence was obtained for a higher robustness of the MCA compared to STR profiling. In conclusion, MCA could complement routine cell line authentication and replace the standard authentication STR technique in case of MSI cell lines.
Linear discriminant analysis for improved large vocabulary continuous speech recognition (1992)

The interaction of linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and a modeling approach using continuous Laplacian mixture density HMM is studied experimentally. The largest improvements in speech recognition could be obtained when the classes for the LDA transform were defined to be sub-phone units. On a 12000 word German recognition task with small overlap between training and test vocabulary a reduction in error rate by one-fifth was achieved compared to the case without LDA. On the development set of the DARPA RM1 task the error rate was reduced by one-third. For the DARPA speaker-dependent no-grammar case, the error rate averaged over 12 speakers was 9.9%. This was achieved with a recognizer using LDA and a set of only 47 Viterbi-trained context-independent phonemes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Application of a modified error governor to electronic throttle control (2017)

The control of an electronic throttle in an automotive vehicle is considered in this paper. Due to a saturation non-linearity in the control loop, a nominal controller produces undesired windup effects. Because of mechanical restrictions, especially windup-induced overshoots of the throttle plate angle should be prevented. Well-known anti-windup methods, like back-calculation, can only be effectively used with PID controllers. Since the nominal controller is not of PID-type, an Error Governor (EG) is used to prevent windup. Additionally the original EG is modified to meet special characteristics of throttle control. One modification is to handle a non-linear feedforward part that is used to compensate for friction of the throttle plate. And a second adjustment concerns time-variant saturation limits that occur due to voltage fluctuations of the car's battery. The suggested method is tested on a throttle test bench.
RFLP for Mbol in the human tyrosinase (TYR) gene detected by PCR (1990)

Journal Article RFLP for Mbol in the human tyrosinase (TYR) gene detected by PCR Get access L.B. Giebel, L.B. Giebel Laboratory of Genetics, University of WisconsinMadison, WI 53706, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R.A. Spritz R.A. Spritz Laboratory of Genetics, University of WisconsinMadison, WI 53706, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 18, Issue 10, 25 May 1990, Page 3103, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.10.3103-a Published: 25 May 1990