gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hyperhomocysteinemia Decreases Circulating High-Density Lipoprotein by Inhibiting Apolipoprotein A-I Protein Synthesis and Enhancing HDL Cholesterol Clearance (2006)

We previously reported that hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), an independent risk factor of coronary artery disease (CAD), is associated with increased atherosclerosis and decreased plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in cystathionine beta-synthase-/apolipoprotein E-deficient (CBS(-/-)/apoE(-/-)) mice. We observed that plasma homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations are negatively correlated with HDL-C and apolipoprotein A1 (apoA-I) in patients with CAD. We found the loss of large HDL particles, increased HDL-free cholesterol, and decreased HDL protein in CBS(-/-)/apoE(-/-) mice, and attenuated cholesterol efflux from cholesterol-loaded macrophages to plasma in CBS(-/-)/apoE(-/-) mice. ApoA-I protein was reduced in the plasma and liver, but hepatic apoA-I mRNA was unchanged in CBS(-/-)/apoE(-/-) mice. Moreover, Hcy (0.5 to 2 mmol/L) reduced the levels of apoA-I protein but not mRNA and inhibited apoA-1 protein synthesis in mouse primary hepatocytes. Further, plasma lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) substrate reactivity was decreased, LCAT specific activity increased, and plasma LCAT protein levels unchanged in apoE(-/-)/CBS(-/-) mice. Finally, the clearance of plasma HDL cholesteryl ester, but not HDL protein, was faster in CBS(-/-)/apoE(-/-) mice, correlated with increased scavenger receptor B1, and unchanged ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 protein expression in the liver. These findings indicate that HHcy inhibits reverse cholesterol transport by reducing circulating HDL via inhibiting apoA-I protein synthesis and enhancing HDL-C clearance.
Optical transparency, chlorophyll and primary productivity in the eastern mediterranean near the israeli coast (1984)

For the first time, quantative data on optical characteristics, chlorophyll standing crops and primary production are given for the pelagie waters of the Levant Basin in the Eastern Mediterranean, close to the Israeli coast. During 4 cruises (July, December 1981, April and July 1982) we measured Secchi depths ranging from 33 to 46 rn, diffuse downwelling attenuation coefficients from 0.031 to 0.046 rn1, near-surface chlorophylls from 0.026 to 0.069 J.tg .11 and photosynthetic rates from 1.62 to 9. 79 mg C.mh • Images from the Coastal Zone Col or Scanner on board the Nimbus 7 Satellite confirmed that these low chlorophyll concentrations were characteristic for the pelagie region and suggested that mixing with the neritic waters may occur in winter. The majority of chlorophyll and primary productivity was associated with organisms < 3 J.tm. Deep chlorophyll maxima (75 to 125 rn) were observed at ail pelagie stations. We note that these waters are among the most oligotrophic described.
Research on Sustainable Development of Xi’an City Based on ecological Footprint Model (2020)

This paper evaluates the sustainable development of Xi’an city with the ecological footprint method. Based on the ecological footprint method, it calculates the per capita ecological footprint of Xi’an city from the year 2000 to 2017. With the calculation result, the paper forecasts the per capita ecological carrying capacity and per capita ecological deficit, and draws the following conclusion: during the study period, ecological deficit occurs every year, and the ecological deficit in each year exceeds global average per capita ecological deficit. Besides, both ecological footprint and ecological deficit have a tendency to increase year by year, and the growth rates of both are higher than the growth rate of ecological carrying capacity. According to the calculation results of ecological footprint, ecological carrying capacity and ecological deficit of Xi’an city from the year 2000 to 2017, the GM (1, 1) model is used to predict the above three indicators. The predicted results show that the load of ecological environment in Xi’an region is over the ecological carrying capacity caused by the production and living activities of human beings. The resources and environmental system are under great pressure, and the regional development mode is in an unsustainable state. It is a necessity to reduce ecological footprint by improving industrial economic efficiency, cultivating the consumption habits of energy saving and environmental protection, promoting investment in environmental protection and stimulating technological progress, so as to promote the sustainable development of Xi’an city.
Tagging human knowledge (2010)

A fundamental premise of tagging systems is that regular users can organize large collections for browsing and other tasks using uncontrolled vocabularies. Until now, that premise has remained relatively unexamined. Using library data, we test the tagging approach to organizing a collection. We find that tagging systems have three major large scale organizational features: consistency, quality, and completeness. In addition to testing these features, we present results suggesting that users produce tags similar to the topics designed by experts, that paid tagging can effectively supplement tags in a tagging system, and that information integration may be possible across tagging systems.
Secure Live Virtual Machine Migration by Proposed Security Center (2016)

In this paper, we propose a Security Center (SC) to provide a secure environment for Live Virtual Machine (VM) migration which is defined as the movement of a virtual machine from one physical host to another. In the cloud systems, the migration has appeared based on the need of transferring VMs among resources. At most, researchers have focused on the performance of migration process; whereas the security aspects in migration have not been fully explored. So, we show how our proposed mechanism analyzes and fulfills the major security requirements for secure live VM migration in cloud environments to become protected against different types of passive and active attacks.
Augmented reality endoscopic system (ARES): preliminary results. (2008)

A novel augmented reality system for endoscopic surgery is presented. Highlighting hidden structures or CT overlays in the endoscope will give more information in difficult situations and enhance the operation quality.
Silent Coronary Atheromatosis in Type 1 Diabetic Patients and Its Relation to Long-Term Glycemic Control (2002)

Type 1 diabetic patients have a pronounced risk of premature coronary artery disease and death. We sought to evaluate the prevalence of silent coronary atheromatosis and to evaluate the relation between coronary atheromatosis and glycemic control. Coronary atheromatosis was evaluated in type 1 diabetic patients with no symptoms of coronary artery disease by exercise electrocardiogram (ECG) in 39 patients and quantitative coronary angiography and by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) examinations in 29 patients. The findings from the IVUS examinations were related to mean HbA(1c) collected prospectively over 18 years. Abnormal exercise ECGs were found in 15% of patients, and angiographic diameter stenosis of >50% in one or more of the main coronary arteries was found in 34% of patients. All patients examined with intracoronary ultrasound had developed atherosclerotic plaques with an increased intimal thickness (>0.5 mm) in one or more of the coronary arteries. Coronary artery plaque formation, as judged by ultrasound, was significantly related to mean HbA(1c) during 18 years (P < 0.05) after adjustment for total cholesterol and age. This study demonstrates a high prevalence of silent coronary atheromatosis in type 1 diabetic patients with no symptoms of coronary heart disease. Long-term glycemic control was shown to be associated with coronary atheromatosis.
Four-Dimensional Variational Data Assimilation of Heterogeneous Mesoscale Observations for a Strong Convective Case (2000)

On 19 September 1996, a squall line stretching from Nebraska to Texas with intense embedded convection moved eastward across the Kansas-Oklahoma area, where special observations were taken as part of a Water Vapor Intensive Observing Period sponsored by the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program. This provided a unique opportunity to test mesoscale data assimilation strategies for a strong convective event. In this study, a series of real-data assimilation experiments is performed using the MM5 four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4DVAR) system with a full physics adjoint. With a grid size of 20 km and 15 vertical layers, the MM5-4DVAR system successfully assimilated wind profiler, hourly rainfall, surface dewpoint, and ground-based GPS precipitable water vapor data. The MM5-4DVAR system was able to reproduce the observed rainfall in terms of precipitation pattern and amount, and substantially reduced the model errors when verified against independent observations. Additional data assimilation experiments were conducted to assess the relative importance of different types of mesoscale observations on the results of assimilation. In terms of the assimilation model's ability to recover the vertical structure of moisture and in reproducing the rainfall pattern and amount, the wind profiler data have the maximum impact. The ground-based GPS data have a significant impact on the rainfall prediction, but have relatively small influence on the recovery of moisture structure. On the contrary, the surface dewpoint data are very useful for the recovery of the moisture structure, but have relatively small impact on rainfall prediction. The assimilation of rainfall data is very important in preserving the precipitation structure of the squall line. All the data are found to be useful in this mesoscale data assimilation experiment.
Gene expression meta-analysis of Parkinson’s disease and its relationship with Alzheimer’s disease (2019)

Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are the most common neurodegenerative diseases and have been suggested to share common pathological and physiological links. Understanding the cross-talk between them could reveal potentials for the development of new strategies for early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention thus improving the quality of life of those affected. Here we have conducted a novel meta-analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in PD microarray datasets comprising 69 PD and 57 control brain samples which is the biggest cohort for such studies to date. Using identified DEGs, we performed pathway, upstream and protein-protein interaction analysis. We identified 1046 DEGs, of which a majority (739/1046) were downregulated in PD. YWHAZ and other genes coding 14-3-3 proteins are identified as important DEGs in signaling pathways and in protein-protein interaction networks (PPIN). Perturbed pathways also include mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. There was a significant overlap in DEGs between PD and AD, and over 99% of these were differentially expressed in the same up or down direction across the diseases. REST was identified as an upstream regulator in both diseases. Our study demonstrates that PD and AD share significant common DEGs and pathways, and identifies novel genes, pathways and upstream regulators which may be important targets for therapy in both diseases.
Advances in the use of cell penetrating peptides for respiratory drug delivery (2020)

<b>Introduction</b>: Respiratory diseases are leading causes of death in the world, still inhalation therapies are the largest fail in drug development. There is an evident need to develop new therapies. Biomolecules represent apotential therapeutic agent in this regard, however their translation to the clinic is hindered by the lack of tools to efficiently deliver molecules. Cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) have arisen as apotential strategy for intracellular delivery that could theoretically enable the translation of new therapies.<b>Areas covered</b>: In this review, the use of CPPs as astrategy to deliver different molecules (cargoes) to treat lung-relateddiseases will be the focus. Abrief description of these molecules and the innovative methods in designing new CPPs is presented. The delivery of different cargoes (proteins, peptides, poorly soluble drugs and nucleic acids) using CPPs is discussed, focusing on benefits to treat different respiratory diseases like inflammatory disorders, cystic fibrosis and lung cancer.<b>Expert opinion</b>: The advantages of using CPPs to deliver biomolecules and poorly soluble drugs to the lungs is evident. This field has advanced in the past few years toward targeted intracellular delivery, although further studies are needed to fully understand its potential and limitations in vitro and in vivo.
Influence of High Rotational Speeds on Heat Transfer and Oil Film Thickness in Aero-Engine Bearing Chambers (1994)

Increasing the thermal loading of bearing chambers in modern aero-engines requires advanced techniques for the determination of heat transfer characteristics. In the present study, film thickness and heat transfer measurements have been carried out for the complex two-phase oil/air flow in bearing chambers. In order to ensure real engine conditions, a new test facility has been built up, designed for rotational speeds up to n = 16,000 rpm and maximum flow temperatures of Tmax = 473 K. Sealing air and lubrication oil flow can be varied nearly in the whole range of aero-engine applications. Special interest is directed toward the development of an ultrasonic oil film thickness measuring technique, which can be used without any reaction on the flow inside the chamber. The determination of local heat transfer at the bearing chamber housing is based on a well-known temperature gradient method using surface temperature measurements and a finite element code to determine temperature distributions within the bearing chamber housing. The influence of high rotational speed on the local heat transfer and the oil film thickness is discussed.
P-Ink and Elast-Ink from lab to market (2008)

A notable trend these days amongst academics is the increasing tendency to transfer the fruits of their research to the marketplace through a large number of spin-off companies, all racing to develop, manufacture, and commercialize products. In this article we present a personal account of some of our recent research in the area of photonic crystals that over the course of the last five years has evolved from a laboratory curiosity to a commercializable technology. Two of these nanotechnology platforms, termed P-Ink and Elast-Ink, are both founded on active color tuning of opals, a capability that provides electrical and mechanical access to materials with any visible color, as well as invisible near-infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths. These actively tuned opals show considerable promise for new-generation full-color displays, surface coatings, biometric security and authentification devices.
The Passage of Maternal Dietary Proteins into Human Breast Milk (1984)

Samples of breast milk and serum were taken from 29 women at various stages of lactation before and after they had ingested 1 raw egg and half a pint of cow's milk. The samples were analysed for cow's milk and egg proteins using a solid-phase radioimmunoassay. beta-Lactoglobulin, ovalbumin (OA) and ovomucoid were detected in breast milk from 10 out of 19, 13 out of 22 and 7 out of 9 women, respectively, in concentrations ranging from 110 pg/ml to 6.4 ng/ml. Maximum levels in breast milk were attained 4 or 6 h after ingestion and in serum 1-2 h earlier. The OA in breast milk was of normal molecular size (43,500 daltons) and indistinguishable from native OA in the radioimmunoassay. Gel filtration of whole breast milk or high molecular weight fractions at pH 2.6 failed to reveal additional OA, suggesting that immune complexes were not present. In serum, OA was detected both in its native form and in immune complexes. The possible significance of these antigens in the suckling infant is discussed.
A large volume, portable, real-time PCR reactor (2010)

A point-of-care, diagnostic system incorporating a portable thermal cycler and a compact fluorescent detector for real-time, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on disposable, plastic microfluidic reactors with relatively large reaction volume (ranging from 10 µL to 100 µL) is described. To maintain temperature uniformity and a relatively fast temperature ramping rate, the system utilizes double-sided heater that features a master, thermoelectric element and a thermal waveguide connected to a second thermoelectric element. The waveguide has an aperture for optical coupling between a miniature, fluorescent reader and the PCR reaction chamber. The temperature control is accomplished with a modified, feedforward, variable structural proportional-integral-derivative controller. The temperature of the liquid in the reaction chamber tracks the set-point temperature with an accuracy of ± 0.1 °C. The transition times from one temperature to another are minimized with controllable overshoots (< 2 °C) and undershoots (< 5 °C). The disposable, single-use PCR chip can be quickly inserted into a thermal cycler/reader unit for point-of-care diagnostics applications. The large reaction chamber allows convenient pre-storing of dried, paraffin-encapsulated PCR reagents (polymerase, primers, dNTPs, dyes, and buffers) in the PCR chamber. The reagents are reconstituted "just in time" by heating during the PCR process. The system was tested with viral and bacterial nucleic acid targets.
Integrating Distance Metrics Learned from Multiple Experts and its Application in Patient Similarity Assessment (2011)

Patient similarity assessment is an important task in the context of patient cohort identification for comparative effectiveness studies and clinical decision support applications. The goal is to derive clinically meaningful distance metric to measure the similarity between patients represented by their key clinical indicators. It is desirable to learn the distance metric based on experts' knowledge of clinical similarity among subjects. However, often different physicians have different understandings of patient similarity based on the specifics of the cases. The distance metric learned for each individual physician often leads to a limited view of the true underlying distance metric. The key challenge will be how to integrate the individual distance metrics obtained for a group of physicians into a globally consistent unified metric. In this paper, we propose the Composite Distance Integration (Comdi) approach. In this approach we first construct discriminative neighborhoods from each individual metrics, then we combine them into a single optimal distance metric. We formulate Comdi as a quadratic optimization problem and propose an efficient alternating strategy to find the optimal solution. Besides learning a globally consistent metric, Comdi provides an elegant way to share knowledge across multiple experts (physicians) without sharing the underlying data, which enables the privacy preserving collaboration. Our experiments on several benchmark data sets show approximately 10% improvement in classification accuracy over baseline. These results show that Comdi is an effective and general metric learning approach. An application of our approach to real patient data has also been presented in the results.
Tuning the number density of nanoparticles by multivariant tailoring of attachment points on flat substrates (2006)

We report on the organization of nanoparticles on a flat surface when there is strong yet tunable interaction between the particles and the surface. Specifically, we tailor the number density of citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles on flat substrates by varying the concentration of the grafted amino groups on the surfaces and their degree of ionization. While the former effect is accomplished by decorating silica-based substrates with a molecular gradient of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), the latter effect is achieved by varying the degree of ionization of the −NH2 groups in APTES by varying the pH of the gold sol. We show that the measurement of particle number density on an APTES concentration gradient substrate at different pH values provides a simple, non-spectroscopic means to deduce the relative molecular concentration profile of APTES on the substrate.
Demonstration by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer of a Close Association Between Activated MAP Kinase and Neurofibrillary Tangles: Implications for MAP Kinase Activation in Alzheimer Disease (1999)

Indirect evidence suggests that activation of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade contributes to the hyperphosphorylation of tau found in paired helical filaments in Alzheimer disease (AD). We report colocalization of the activated form of MAPK with Ser 199/202 and Ser 396/404 phosphotau immunoreactive neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques in the Alzheimer brain. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer studies (FRET) demonstrate a tight intermolecular association of activated MAPK with these phosphotau epitopes. These data support the hypothesis that activation of MAPK contributes directly to phosphorylation of tau in AD. Moreover, the stable nature of this association in postmortem human brain may suggest a stable interaction in which activated MAPK becomes tightly linked to neurofibrillary tangles.
Increased level of activated γδ lymphocytes correlates with disease severity in HIV infection (1995)

The lymphocyte subset expressing the gamma delta T cell receptor is increased in several infectious diseases including HIV infection. In this study the expression on gamma delta lymphocytes of the T cell activation markers CD25, HLA-DR and CD38, as well as the two isoforms of CD45, namely CD45RA and CD45RO, was determined in the peripheral blood of 56 HIV-infected intravenous drug users and 34 HIV-seronegative blood donors by two-colour flow cytometry. The percentage of gamma delta lymphocytes expressing HLA-DR and CD38 was higher than those in HIV-seronegative controls (P < 0.001 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Furthermore the HLA-DR+gamma delta+ lymphocytes correlated inversely with CD4+ T lymphocyte absolute count (P < 0.02 for both). The levels of gamma delta lymphocytes expressing CD25, CD45RA and CD45RO were similar to those in HIV-seronegative controls. Activated gamma delta lymphocytes may play a role in the HIV disease process and could provide a useful marker for disease progression.
A high-speed digital comb filter for ΣΔ analog-to-digital conversion (2003)

A new approach for implementing a digital decimator for high-speed /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulators is presented. With the use of carry-saved adders, this decimator is able to operate at high speeds while maintaining the same throughput. By using systematic modular design, this filter can be easily designed and implemented with any order and any length, which greatly reduces the time and effort for circuit design. A prototype of a fourth-order length-16 digital comb filter has been implemented with a 1.2 /spl mu/m standard CMOS process. With a single 5 V power supply, this filter can operate at a frequency up to 115 MHz. The power consumption is about 35 mW and the active area is 1083/spl times/965 /spl mu/m/sup 2/.