gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Form Follows Data (2005)

This paper analyzes the relationships between creative design and the field of information visualization, with a focus on historical connotations and newest developments that show great potential. Empirical evidence shows how designers often employ information visualization as a creative concept capable of significantly determining the design outcome, and vice versa, how information visualization can be enhanced by exploring interdisciplinary concepts, such as design cognition, user engagement, aesthetics and art. Several symbiotic dependencies are explained and demonstrated, including the first conceptual cyberspace and information architecture definitions. This paper will argue that information visualization should be enriched with the principles of creative design and art, to develop valuable data representations that address the emotional experience and engagement of users, instead of solely focusing on task effectiveness metrics. Finally, several interdisciplinary movements are described that show great symbiotic potential in the near future, especially in the fields of ambient information displays, informative art and location-based information awareness.
Towards a SPDY'ier mobile web? (2013)

Despite its widespread adoption and popularity, the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) suffers from fundamental performance limitations. SPDY, a recently proposed alternative to HTTP, tries to address many of the limitations of HTTP (e.g., multiple connections, setup latency). With cellular networks fast becoming the communication channel of choice, we perform a detailed measurement study to understand the benefits of using SPDY over cellular networks. Through careful measurements conducted over four months, we provide a detailed analysis of the performance of HTTP and SPDY, how they interact with the various layers, and their implications on web design. Our results show that unlike in wired and 802.11 networks, SPDY does not clearly outperform HTTP over cellular networks. We identify, as the underlying cause, a lack of harmony between how TCP and cellular networks interact. In particular, the performance of most TCP implementations is impacted by their implicit assumption that the network round-trip latency does not change after an idle period, which is typically not the case in cellular networks. This causes spurious retransmissions and degraded throughput for both HTTP and SPDY. We conclude that a viable solution has to account for these unique cross-layer dependencies to achieve improved performance over cellular networks.
Throughput and Fairness Guarantees Through Maximal Scheduling in Wireless Networks (2008)

The question of providing throughput guarantees through distributed scheduling, which has remained an open problem for some time, is addressed in this paper. It is shown that a simple distributed scheduling strategy, maximal scheduling, attains a guaranteed fraction of the maximum throughput region in arbitrary wireless networks. The guaranteed fraction depends on the ldquointerference degreerdquo of the network, which is the maximum number of transmitter-receiver pairs that interfere with any given transmitter-receiver pair in the network and do not interfere with each other. Depending on the nature of communication, the transmission powers and the propagation models, the guaranteed fraction can be lower-bounded by the maximum link degrees in the underlying topology, or even by constants that are independent of the topology. The guarantees are tight in that they cannot be improved any further with maximal scheduling. The results can be generalized to end-to-end multihop sessions. Finally, enhancements to maximal scheduling that can guarantee fairness of rate allocation among different sessions, are discussed.
A Model of Hindsight, and Security Market Underreaction / Overreaction (1999)

The recent empirical evidences on underreaction and overreaction in security market have caused a strong dispute between the supporters and the defenders of efficient market hypothesis. In this paper, I present a model that employ the concept of hindsight bias proposed by psychological studies to show that the investorsf misperception will deviate the stock price from its fundamental value. If the directions of investorsf belief to new public information and that from their prior private information are different, then underreation will happen. On the contrary, if both directions are same, then after a series of good or bad news, overreaction will occur. The smaller the adjustment of investorsf belief to their prior private information, the more obvious the underreaction. The larger the adjustment of investorsf belief to their prior private information, the higher the opportunity of overreaction.

Key words: underreaction, overreaction, noise trading, hindsight bias
Study on production technology of Ultra-fine Particles of metals by using arc energy (Part I) - Study on generation of Ultra-fine Particles of metals by using Argon-Hydrogen gas shielded tungsten arc. (1985)

A production technique of Ultra-fine Particles (UFP) has been investiagted to achieve a high genera tion rate of UFP. Ultra-fine Ni, Fe and Ti particles were generated in the Hydrogen-Argon mixed gas atmosphere at various current between Tungsten electrode and the bulk metal, and the generationrate of the UFP were measured.It is found that the shape of arc is changed by increasing the arc current abruptly and the generation rate of UFP is drastically reduced at the particular arc curret (transiticn current).At the lower arc current than the transition current the arc is concentrated on the anode spot, and the generation rate of UFP is very high. At the higher arc current than the transition current, the arc spreads on the bulk metal, and the genreation rate is very small.This transition current changes, depending on a concentration of hydrogen in atmcspher, arc length and a kind of bulk metal.
Complete Genome Sequence of Vibrio anguillarum M3, a Serotype O1 Strain Isolated from Japanese Flounder in China (2013)

Vibrio anguillarum is an important bacterial pathogen that causes vibriosis in marine fish. We present the complete genome sequence of V. anguillarum M3, a serotype O1 clinical strain isolated from Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) in Shandong, China.
A real-time system for sensor information interactive visualization with multi-touch technology (2010)

Access to digital information from sensor networks is traditionally confined to common computer interfaces and interaction paradigms. New forms of novel Human Computer Interaction (HCI) paradigms are required to be developed for supporting how we currently engage with the collected sensor information. In this paper we introduce Sensor Information Interactive System (SIIS) that presents sensor information collected from a smart object with a multi-touch interface. This system aims to exploit the interaction capabilities of multi-touch technologies by supporting more efficient activities and presentation with digital sensor information, making it more accessible and meaningful. The SIIS system is validated with both 2-D and 3-D applications to demonstrate the effectiveness and flexibility of multi-touch interactions and usability of the multi-touch interface for engaging with real-time sensor information.
<title>Automatic Surface Flaw Inspection Of Nuclear Fuel Pellets</title> (1978)

The Hanford Engineering Development Laboratory (HEDL), operated by the Westinghouse Hanford Company, is developing automated equipment for fabrication and inspection of nuclear reactor fuels. One inspection process that has been evaluated is automatic surface flaw inspection of nuclear fuel pellets. The inspection technique involves projecting a well-defined spot of light onto the surface of a rotating pellet and collecting the light specularly reflected from the pellet's surface. The data form a binary description of the surface topography, which is then processed to identify and quantify flaw attributes before accept/reject decisions are made. The inspection apparatus is designed to operate at a rate of three pellets per second. A unique flaw interpretation algorithm is used to evaluate surface acceptability. The size and shape of a flaw is characterized by its area and by its area-to-perimeter ratio.
Low-Temperature Direct CVD Oxides to Thermal Oxide Wafer Bonding in Silicon Layer Transfer (2004)

The bonding strength of low-pressure chemical vapor deposition and plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) oxides to thermal oxide is studied. Prior to bonding, all CVD oxide wafers are subjected to careful surface preparation including densification, chemical-mechanical polishing, activation, and post-bond annealing to ensure high-quality bonding. All wafers show surface roughness and wafer bow suitable for bonding after the surface preparations. It is found that bonding strength increases upon annealing and saturates beyond 2 h of annealing for the temperature range of 200-300°C. Tetraethyl orthosilicate source PECVD oxide is found to exhibit suitable bonding properties and can be used in applications such as silicon layer transfer. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Spintronic materials and devices based on antiferromagnetic metals (2017)

In this paper, we review our recent experimental developments on antiferromagnet (AFM) spintronics mainly comprising Mn-based noncollinear AFM metals. IrMn-based tunnel junctions and Hall devices have been investigated to explore the manipulation of AFM moments by magnetic fields, ferromagnetic materials and electric fields. Room-temperature tunneling anisotropic magnetoresistance based on IrMn as well as FeMn has been successfully achieved, and electrical control of the AFM exchange spring is realized by adopting ionic liquid. In addition, promising spin-orbit effects in AFM as well as spin transfer via AFM spin waves reported by different groups have also been reviewed, indicating that the AFM can serve as an efficient spin current source. To explore the crucial role of AFM acting as efficient generators, transmitters, and detectors of spin currents is an emerging topic in the field of magnetism today. AFM metals are now ready to join the rapidly developing fields of basic and applied spintronics, enriching this area of solid-state physics and microelectronics.
Industrial Implementation of in Vitro Production of Monoclonal Antibodies (2005)

Monoclonal antibodies are widely used at GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals (GSK Bio) for the quantification and characterization of antigens and for the release of vaccine lots. In 1998, GSK Bio decided to change the production of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) designed for immunological tools from in vivo to in vitro technology. In 2004, all MAbs used at GSK Bio were produced in vitro. These MAbs cover more than 100 different targets with a variety of 1500 hybridomas, and approximately 60 to 90 MAbs are produced every year. This article describes the development process, including a description of the different systems tested based on double membrane or hollow fiber technology. The productivity, assets, and drawbacks of the different technologies are presented, and evaluation strategies for the choice of in vitro systems are discussed. Binding kinetics displayed by MAbs produced in vitro and in vivo were found to be similar, and MAbs produced in vitro are suitable tools for various immunological applications.
Systematic review of modulators of benzodiazepine receptors in irritable bowel syndrome: Is there hope? (2011)

Several drugs are used in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) but all have side effects and variable efficacy. Considering the role of the gut-brain axis, immune, neural, and endocrine pathways in the pathogenesis of IBS and possible beneficial effects of benzodiazepines (BZD) in this axis, the present systematic review focuses on the efficacy of BZD receptor modulators in human IBS. For the years 1966 to February 2011, all literature was searched for any articles on the use of BZD receptor modulators and IBS. After thorough evaluation and omission of duplicate data, 10 out of 69 articles were included. BZD receptor modulators can be helpful, especially in the diarrhea-dominant form of IBS, by affecting the inflammatory, neural, and psychologic pathways, however, controversies still exist. Recently, a new BZD receptor modulator, dextofisopam was synthesized and studied in human subjects, but the studies are limited to phase IIb clinical trials. None of the existing trials considered the neuroimmunomodulatory effect of BZDs in IBS, but bearing in mind the concentration-dependent effect of BZDs on cytokines and cell proliferation, future studies using pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic approaches are highly recommended.
On the Field Level Loss of a VHT PPDU in a MIMO-OFDM System for a WiFi Direct 802.11ac WLAN (2016)

This paper proposes a methodology to reduce Packet Error Rate (PER) of a Very High Throughput (VHT) physical layer frame in a WiFi Direct (WD) 802.11ac Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) by examining the loss of individual fields. To this end, a 2x2 Multiple Input Multiple Output - Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) transceiver is implemented under a TGn multipath fading channel D. The system generates VHT Physical Layer Conformance Procedure (PCLP)- Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) frames which are passed through the TGn channel D. Thereafter performance of the system is determined by calculating the overall PER. Then the impact of each field of the VHT PPDU is analysed separately in order to estimate their percentage loss in the overall PER. The field level scrutinization of the PER provides a design level insight into the VHT PPDU performance. Based on simulation results, an efficient methodology is proposed to reduce the overall PER without changing the hardware of the current 802.11ac system. In addition, since a detailed packet loss analysis can determine the efficiency of a rate selection algorithm. Therefore the findings of the paper can also be taken into account while designing an efficient rate selection algorithms for the WD 802.11ac WLAN.
Linux Kernel Development (2nd Edition) (Novell Press) (2005)

The Linux kernel is one of the most interesting yet least understood open-source projects. It is also a basis for developing new kernel code. That is why Sams is excited to bring you the latest Linux kernel development information from a Novell insider in the second edition of Linux Kernel Development. This authoritative, practical guide will help you better understand the Linux kernel through updated coverage of all the major subsystems, new features associated with Linux 2.6 kernel and insider information on not-yet-released developments. You'll be able to take an in-depth look at Linux kernel from both a theoretical and an applied perspective as you cover a wide range of topics, including algorithms, system call interface, paging strategies and kernel synchronization. Get the top information right from the source in Linux Kernel Development.
A wide-band single-layer patch antenna (2002)

The typical single layer patch printed on a dielectric substrate is a narrow band element. This well-known fact is mainly due to the limitations imposed by the dielectric substrate. From efficiency and cost considerations, in most of the cases, the substrate cannot be too thick. In order to increase the microstrip element bandwidth, additional resonators, in different configurations and combinations, can be used: parasitic elements, slots, etc. In this paper, a wide-band single-layer patch antenna is presented. The patch is suspended over the ground-plane and supported by a non-conductive pin. It is fed by a three-dimensional transition connecting the patch to a perpendicular connector. The typical bandwidth of this element (in terms of VSWR) is 90%. When built on a large ground-plane, the front-to-back of this element is better than 25 dB across the band.
WLAN Discovery Scheme Delay Analysis and Its Enhancement for 3GPP WLAN Interworking Networks (2007)

In this letter, we first analyze the delay of the WLAN discovery scheme specified for 3GPP and WLAN interworking networks. Theoretical analysis indicates that the delay of the discovery scheme given by 3GPP increases linearly with the number of WLAN channels needed to be scanned. To reduce the discovery delay, we then propose an effective WLAN discovery scheme utilizing the cellular network to aid in the broadcasting the information of WLANs. Thus the number of WLAN channels required to be scanned for users is greatly reduced. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is demonstrated by analysis and simulation.
A novel and selective membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) inhibitor reduces cancer cell motility and tumor growth (2009)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and especially membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP, MMP-14), play a role in cancer progression and can have a prognostic value. Various synthetic broad-spectrum MMP inhibitors have been developed but have had little success in cancer patient treatment owing to side effects. Until recently, selective targeting of specific MMPs has not been possible due to lack of specific inhibitors. Here we have developed a selective MT1-MMP peptide-inhibitor GACFSIAHECGA, which did not affect the activities of many other MMPs including MMP-1, -2, -3, -7, -8, -9, -10, -11, -12, -13, -15, -17 or -20. In a fluorescent peptide cleavage assay it displayed an IC(50) value of 150 microM. The peptide effectively inhibited the migration and invasion of cancer cell lines in vitro. Furthermore, in vivo the peptide reduced the growth of tongue carcinoma xenografts and prolonged the survival of mice. Overall these results suggest that selective MT1-MMP inhibitors may have utility as anticancer agents.
Alpha-dendrotoxin acceptor from bovine brain is a K+ channel protein. Evidence from the N-terminal sequence of its larger subunit (1990)

High affinity acceptors for alpha-dendrotoxin, a selective probe for certain fast activating voltage-dependent K+ channels, were purified approximately 4,000-fold from synaptic plasma membranes of bovine cerebral cortex. Although the preparation possessed a low content of high affinity sites for beta-bungarotoxin, antagonism of alpha-dendrotoxin binding by the latter required high concentrations; this indicates that more than one acceptor subtype has been purified. After deglycosylation of the acceptor, the sizes of its subunits were determined electrophoretically to be Mr 65,000 and Mr 39,000. Solid phase microsequencing of these isolated subunits showed that the smaller one had a blocked N terminus, but the Mr 65,000 protein gave a sequence of 27 residues. This is virtually identical to the N-terminal sequence deduced from cDNA of RCK 5, a K+ channel protein from rat brain known to be susceptible to alpha-dendrotoxin. This first report on the partial sequence of any K+ channel protein confirms that the extensive information acquired to date on the alpha-dendrotoxin acceptors is pertinent to functional neuronal K+ channels.
Automatic control of the artificial heart. (1976)

An automatic control system has been developed to balance and control the output of an artificial heart. The system consisted of 2 linked negative feedback loops. The left ventricle was controlled by a Servo-Stroke Optimizer, which insured complete filling and full stroke operation of the left pump with each beat and changed the beat rate in accord with changes in aortic pressure. The right ventricle was controlled by a Servo-Variable Systolic Duration unit, which changed the stroke of the right ventricle to maintain the left atrial pressure within a preset band. In the initial animal studies, control pressures (aortic and left atrial pressure) were obtained from implanted transducers. More recently, a method has been devised whereby the control pressures were obtained from specific points on the left air line pressure wave, obviating the need for implanted transducers. The control system has been evaluated in a mock circulatory loop and in 9 calves with implanted artificial hearts. The system has provided balance of the 2 implanted ventricles and changes in flow rate in response to changes in peripheral resistance. The need for an operator to make manual adjustment to the power units has been considerably reduced. Further studies are indicated to evaluate the function of the control system in animals performing moderate-to-maximal exercise. Furthermore, the ultimate benefits of full stroke operation vs fill limited mode operation remain to be delineated.
Perfluorooctyl bromide traces self-assembled with polymeric nanovesicles for blood pool ultrasound imaging (2016)

A novel perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB)-loaded nanovesicle with a size of about 500 nm was prepared by self-assembly of an amphiphilic block copolymer, poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(d,l-lactic acid) (PEG-PDLLA), for blood pool ultrasound imaging. The excellent compatibility of PFOB with the hydrophobic PDLLA block makes PFOB uniformly distribute and integrate well within the nanovesicle shell. In theory, both the compressibility and shell density of the nanovesicle as ultrasound scatterers are enhanced, resulting in much higher echo intensity compared to the other PFOB nanoparticles. In vitro and in vivo imaging results illustrate that these polymeric nanovesicles with extremely low content of PFOB show quite a good contrast-enhancing effect even if highly diluted in blood. Therefore this PFOB-loaded polymeric nanovesicle is anticipated to be applicable as an ultrasound contrast agent for normal angiography and specific imaging of capillary-abundant organs or tissues (e.g. tumors).
A systems module for environmental and safety assessment in fusion reactor studies-illustrative results for HT-9 structures (2002)

A computational module compatible with systems-level reactor design studies is being developed for incorporating the environmental and safety characteristics into design optimization. Preliminary and illustrative results for the analysis of HT-9 ferritic steel first wall structure are presented.
Steroidal Saponins from the Rhizomes of<i>Paris polyphylla var. chinensis</i>and their Cytotoxic Activity on HL-60 Cells (2000)

Abstract A new spirostanol steroidal saponin, along with ten known saponins, which were based upon (25R)-spirost-5-en-3β-o1 (diosgenin) or (25R)-spirost-5-ene-3β5,17α-diol (pennogenin) as the aglycones, were isolated from the rhizomes of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis. Spectral data, including two-dimensional NMR, and the result of hydrolytic cleavage showed that the structure of the new saponin was pennogenin 3-0-{O−α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-O a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranoside}. The isolated saponins were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity on human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells.