gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
1,2,4‐Triazolo[4,3‐<i>c</i>]pyrimidines from 4‐acylhydrazinopyrimidines (1992)

Abstract The reaction of N 1 ‐acetylacetamidrazones 1 with N ‐[bis(methylthio)methylene]cyanamide (2) at room temperature in the presence of potassium carbonate in dimethyl sulfoxide affords good yields of ethyl 4‐acylhydrazino‐2‐amino‐6‐methylthio‐5‐pyrimidine carboxylate 3 . By briefly refluxing compounds 3 in dimethyl sulfoxide, 1,2,4‐triazolo[4,3‐ c ]pyrimidine derivatives 4 were obtained. When equimolecular amounts of N 1 ‐acylacetamidrazones and compounds 2 were refluxed in dimethyl sulfoxide/toluene, compounds 4 were obtained directly.
주조용 718 합금의 고온변형 및 열간 노출에 따른 석출 거동 (2000)

Precipitation behavior of cast alloy 718 during thermal exposure and creep-rupture test was investigated. Coarsening of γ` and γ$quot; was accelerated with raising exposure temperature, but transformation from γ$quot; to δ was dominant at and above 816℃. The applied stress assisted in transformation from γ$quot; to δeven below γ$quot; solvus. The transformation nucleated at the stacking fault in γ$quot; phase. δ phase usually existed in the interdendritic region or at grainboundary in the as-cast condition. Generally δ had plate or needle-like morphology in the as-cast or heat treated conditions, however, the stress induced δ dispalyed curved morphology across dendrite.
Influences of pressure surrounding the heart and intracardiac pressure on the diastolic coronary pressure-flow relation in excised canine heart. (1988)

We investigated the change in the instantaneous diastolic left coronary pressure-flow relation (DPFR) when the pressure surrounding the heart (SHP), right heart pressure (RHP), and left heart pressure (LHP) were systematically varied. Eight excised and maximally vasodilated canine hearts placed in an air-tight chamber were used. To obtain a capacitance-free DPFR, coronary perfusion pressure was slowly decreased (about 2 mm Hg/sec) during a prolonged diastole. The zero-flow pressure (Pf = 0) and the slope of the DPFR were analyzed. The mean values of the slope did not change significantly throughout the interventions. The mean value of Pf = 0 in the control state (SHP = RHP = LHP = 0 mm Hg) was 6.0 +/- 2.0 mm Hg (mean +/- SD, n = 8), significantly higher than the venous outflow pressure, RHP (p less than 0.001), and the other two pressures (p less than 0.001). When SHP was raised to 15 and 30 mm Hg, while the other pressures remained at 0 mm Hg, the mean values of Pf = 0 increased to 20.9 +/- 2.4 and 35.6 +/- 3.1 mm Hg (p less than 0.001 and p less than 0.0005, respectively, vs. control). The mean values of Pf = 0 when only RHP was elevated to 15 and 30 mm Hg were 16.0 +/- 1.5 and 29.3 +/- 1.5 mm Hg (p less than 0.001 and p less than 0.0005 vs. control). On elevation of LHP to 15 and 30 mm Hg, the mean values of Pf = 0 were 12.0 +/- 2.8 and 17.3 +/- 3.6 mm Hg (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.01 vs. control). When both SHP and LHP were almost evenly elevated to about 15 and 30 mm Hg, the mean values of Pf = 0 were raised to 22.0 +/- 2.9 and 35.3 +/- 3.2 mm Hg, respectively. These mean values were not significantly different from those when only SHP was elevated to the comparable levels. The observation that Pf = 0 exceeded RHP in the control state and that RHP, which was elevated above the preceding Pf = 0, was identical with the present Pf = 0 supports the vascular waterfall mechanism when RHP is low. Furthermore, the evidence that the degree of DPFR shift was almost linearly dependent on the SHP level rather than on the LHP level indicates that the pressure on the epicardial side is one of the factors that determines the pressure at the top of the vascular waterfall.
An analytical model describing the exchange processes of alcohol in the respiratory system (1981)

The diffusion processes of ethanol in the respiratory system are analyzed and simulated in a model consisting of 3-compartments with lumped parameters. The areas of exchange are differentiated into the alveolar space, the upper respiratory tract and the mouth-throat cavity. The underlying processes such as diffusion through membranes, air mixing and convection of ethanol gas are approximated by numerical equations processed through a digital computer using the ventilation as loop controlling variable. The of the model were optimized by direct comparison of its behaviour with measured time courses of alcohol concentration obtained in drinking experiments. From these data standard parameters were derived and used for studying the influence of ventilation on the breath alcohol concentration. In this way it can be shown that the micin layer on the respiratory duct is heavily involved in ethanol-exchange during respiration. (TRRL)
Efficacy and Mechanisms of Intraocular Pressure Reduction With Latanoprost and Timolol in Participants With Ocular Hypertension: A Comparison of 1 and 6 Weeks of Treatment (2010)

Timolol and latanoprost significantly reduce IOP by different mechanisms. Timolol reduces aqueous flow whereas latanoprost increases uveoscleral outflow. Continued treatment with timolol or latanoprost for 6 weeks did not alter effects on aqueous humor dynamics. Outflow facility changes sometimes reported with prostaglandin analogues were not detected in this study.
MicroRNA-127 targeting of mitoNEET inhibits neurite outgrowth, induces cell apoptosis and contributes to physiological dysfunction after spinal cord transection (2016)

Neuroregeneration and apoptosis are two important pathophysiologic changes after spinal cord injury (SCI), but their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in the regulation of neuroregeneration and neuronal apoptosis, research areas that have been greatly expanded in recent years. Here, using miRNA arrays to profile miRNA transcriptomes, we demonstrated that miR-127-3p was significantly down-regulated after spinal cord transection (SCT). Then, bioinformatics analyses and experimental detection showed that miR-127-3p exhibited specific effects on the regulation of neurite outgrowth and the induction of neuronal apoptosis by regulating the expression of the mitochondrial membrane protein mitoNEET. Moreover, knockdown of MitoNEET leaded to neuronal loss and apoptosis in primary cultured spinal neurons. This study therefore revealed that miR-127-3p, which targets mitoNEET, plays a vital role in regulating neurite outgrowth and neuronal apoptosis after SCT. Thus, modificatioin of the mitoNEET expression, such as mitoNEET activition may provide a new strategy for the treatment of SCI in preclinical trials.
WICER: A Weighted Inter-Cluster Edge Ranking for Clustered Graphs (2005)

Several algorithms based on link analysis have been developed to measure the importance of nodes on a graph such as pages on the World Wide Web. PageRank and HITS are the most popular ranking algorithms to rank the nodes of any directed graph. But, both these algorithms assign equal importance to all the edges and nodes, ignoring the semantically rich information from nodes and edges. Therefore, in the case of a graph containing natural clusters, these algorithms do not differentiate between inter-cluster edges and intra-cluster edges. Based on this parameter, we propose a weighted inter-cluster edge ranking for clustered graphs that weighs edges (based on whether it is an inter-cluster or an intra-cluster edge) and nodes (based on the number of clusters it connects). We introduce a parameter '/spl alpha/' which can be adjusted depending on the bias desired in a clustered graph. Our experiments were two fold. We implemented our algorithm to a relationship set representing legal entities and documents and the results indicate the significance of the weighted edge approach. We also generated biased and random walks to quantitatively study the performance.
Reduction and Sulfidation Kinetics of Cerium Oxide and Cu-Modified Cerium Oxide (2002)

The reducibility and H2S absorption capacity of cerium oxide and Cu-containing cerium oxide were examined in this work in the temperature range 623−923 K. The sorbents, prepared in bulk oxide form by the urea coprecipitation/gelation method, were composed of a cerium oxide backbone with a small amount of copper (5−40 atom %). Kinetics testing was conducted in a TGA apparatus. Temperature-programmed-reduction (TPR) experiments and in situ X-ray diffraction analysis were used to determine the reduction temperature and the various metal/oxide crystal phases. CuO in ceria was reduced to Cu metal at temperatures below 453 K. The reducibility of cerium oxide was increased by the presence of copper. A low Cu content (5 atom %) was sufficient to cause surface reduction of ceria at a temperature as low as 423 K. Sulfidation of prereduced samples was performed at 0.1 MPa in H2S−H2−N2 gas mixtures. The contribution of reduced cerium oxide to sulfidation was evident even at the low temperature 623 K. Thus, copper promotes both the reducibility and sulfidation of cerium oxide. The activation energy of the sulfidation reaction was calculated from initial sulfidation reaction rates over the temperature range 623−923 K. A low apparent activation energy of 16 ± 3 kJ/mol was found for the Cu contents 5 and 15 atom % in ceria, while the activation energy is 34 kJ/mol for the 40 atom % Cu−CeOx sorbent. This work has shown that copper-modified cerium oxide can be used as a sulfur sorbent over a wide temperature window.
신재생에너지의 안정적 공급을 위한 민ž관주도 가능성 검토 (2015)

본 연구에서는 11가지 신재생에너지 중 최근 5년간 언론보도를 통해 이슈화된 상위 5가지 핵심 신재생에너지
를 연구대상으로 선정하고, Barney(1991, 1995)가 말한 자원기반관점(resource based perspective)에서의 VRIO(value, rarity, inimitability and organization) 분석틀에 초점을 맞춰...
Assessment of Changes in Upper Airway Obstruction by Automatic Identification of Inspiratory Flow Limitation During Sleep (2009)

New techniques for automatic invasive and noninvasive identification of inspiratory flow limitation (IFL) are presented. Data were collected from 11 patients with full nocturnal polysomnography and gold-standard esophageal pressure (Pes) measurement. A total of 38,782 breaths were extracted and automatically analyzed. An exponential model is proposed to reproduce the relationship between Pes and airflow of an inspiration and achieve an objective assessment of changes in upper airway obstruction. The characterization performance of the model is appraised with three evaluation parameters: mean-squared error when estimating resistance at peak pressure, coefficient of determination, and assessment of IFL episodes. The model's results are compared to the two best-performing models in the literature. The obtained gold-standard IFL annotations were then employed to train, test, and validate a new noninvasive automatic IFL classification system. Discriminant analysis, support vector machines, and Adaboost algorithms were employed to objectively classify breaths noninvasively with features extracted from the time and frequency domains of the breaths' flow patterns. The results indicated that the exponential model characterizes IFL and subtle relative changes in upper airway obstruction with the highest accuracy and objectivity. The new noninvasive automatic classification system also succeeded in identifying IFL episodes, achieving a sensitivity of 0.87 and a specificity of 0.85.
[Pain severity and analgesia approaches in adult trauma patients]. (2008)

This study was carried out descriptive for determine trauma patient's pain severity and pain relief approaches. This scope of the research covered 418 patients who were between 18-65 years and applied to emergency unit of two training hospitals because of the trauma in Istanbul. The data of the research were collected by using individual characteristics form and forth section of Mc Gill Pain Questionnaire form. It was determined that all patients had pain after trauma. Moreover, 14.6 % (n=61) of the patients defined the pain "severe", 51.7 % (n=216) that they defined the pain "much severe" and 33.7 %(n=141) that they defined the pain "unbearable". Nonsteroid Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAID) were given only 85.9 % (n=359) that they had pain. Besides, being extra to NSAID opioid was given to 14.1% (n=59) of the patients by 95.5% (n=416) intramuscular approach and 62.9 % (n=293) of the patients, whose pains were not over in spite of the pain treatment Based on these results, trauma patients' pains still haven't been handled as a serious problem. Also, it can be said that there is hot any effective pain relief approach at emergency units yet.
Dendritic silica@aqueous miscible organic-layered double hydroxide hybrids (2018)

We present the synthesis of a series of hierarchical Silica@Layered Double Hydroxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>@LDH) core@shell hybrid materials that have been post-treated using the Aqueous Miscible Organic Solvent Treatment (AMOST) method. The Silica@Aqueous Miscible Organic-Layered Double Hydroxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>@AMO-LDH) hybrids exhibit composition flexibility with radially oriented AMO-Mg<sub>y</sub>Al-CO<sub>3</sub>-LDH nanosheets resulting in a new dendritic morphology.
Representation methods for software reuse (1989)

Many methods for representing software components for reuse have been proposed. These include traditional library science methods, knowledge based methods, and hypertext. In this paper, we survey and categorize these methods, and discuss systems in which they have been used.
지역축제의 서비스품질 만족이 지역이미지 제고와 지역발전에 미치는 영향 (2013 산청세계전통의약엑스포 사례를 중심으로) (2013)

This study is to research of various kinds of variables of regional festival``s service quality which effects on regional image improvement and development. The service quality of festival influence on satisfaction of festival service ,regional image and development. especially, variable of software. First, the service quality affect to satisfaction of festival, regional image improvement and development. Second, satisfaction of festival influence on regional image improvement. Third, the satisfaction of festival and regional image affect on regional development.
Controllable hydrogen bonded self-association for the formation of multifunctional antimicrobial materials (2020)

SSAs are a class of supramolecular self-associating amphiphilic salt, the anionic component of which contains a covalently bound hydrogen bond donor-acceptor motif. This results in a monomeric unit which can adopt multiple hydrogen bonding modes simultaneously. Previous investigations have shown examples of SSAs to act as antimicrobial agents against clinically relevant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Herein, we report an intrinsically fluorescent SSA which can self-associate producing dimers, spherical aggregates and hydrogels dependent on solvent environment, while retaining antimicrobial activity against both model Gram-positive (MRSA) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. Finally, we demonstrate the SSA supramolecular hydrogel to tolerate the inclusion of the antibiotic ampicillin, leading to the enhanced inhibition of growth with both model bacteria, and derive initial molecular structure-physicochemical property-antimicrobial activity relationships.
Pharmacokinetic evaluation of D-ribose after oral and intravenous administration to healthy rabbits (2018)

Collectively, D-ribose showed a dose-dependent kinetic profile, where parameters change according to dosing levels. D-ribose clearance seems to follow first-order kinetics at low dose. Thereafter, elimination systems are saturated, and elimination continues in a fast manner. Urine recovery was partial, which could be attributed to the several metabolic pathways that pentose can undergo.
Surface-Modified Shortwave-Infrared-Emitting Nanophotonic Reporters for Gene-Therapy Applications (2018)

Gene therapy is emerging as the next generation of therapeutic modality with United States Food and Drug Administration approved gene-engineered therapy for cancer and a rare eye-related disorder, but the challenge of real-time monitoring of on-target therapy response remains. In this study, we have designed a theranostic nanoparticle composed of shortwave-infrared-emitting rare-earth-doped nanoparticles (RENPs) capable of delivering genetic cargo and of real-time response monitoring. We showed that the cationic coating of RENPs with branched polyethylenimine (PEI) does not have a significant impact on cellular toxicity, which can be further reduced by selectively modifying the surface characteristics of the PEI coating using counter-ions and expanding their potential applications in photothermal therapy. We showed the tolerability and clearance of a bolus dose of RENPs@PEI in mice up to 7 days after particle injection in addition to the RENPs@PEI ability to distinctively discern lung tumor lesions in a breast cancer mouse model with an excellent signal-to-noise ratio. We also showed the availability of amine functional groups in the collapsed PEI chain conformation on RENPs, which facilitates the loading of genetic cargo that hybridizes with target gene in an in vitro cancer model. The real-time monitoring and delivery of gene therapy at on-target sites will enable the success of an increased number of gene- and cell-therapy products in clinical trials.
Congress 2015 (2015)

Abstract Congress guests from Georgia and Croatia talk about the benefits they took home from Congress 2015.
Frequent somatic mutations of the beta-catenin gene in intestinal-type gastric cancer. (1999)

The increased level of cytoplasmic beta-catenin through the mutations to either beta-catenin or adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) has been proposed as an important oncogenic step in various tumors. Gastric cancer showed frequent genetic alterations of the APC gene, and the risk for gastric cancer in familial adenomatosus polyposis patients is 10 times higher than that in the general population. These findings raise the possibility that mutations of beta-catenin may also be associated with the development of gastric cancer. We detected seven somatic mutations in a portion of exon 3 encoding for the glycogen synthase kinase 3beta phosphorylation consensus region of the beta-catenin gene in 43 gastric cancers. All of these mutations were missense mutations, of which five are in the highly conserved aspartic acid 32 and two are in serine 29; all of these seven mutations were detected exclusively in intestinal-type gastric cancers (7 of 26; 26.9%), but not in the diffuse-type (0 of 17). We concluded that disruption of the APC/beta-catenin/T cell factor-lymphoid enhancer binding factor pathway might play an important role especially in the development of intestinal-type gastric cancer.
Fabrication of wide-band-gap MgxZn1−xO quasi-ternary alloys by molecular-beam epitaxy (2005)

A series of wurtzite MgZnO quasi-ternary alloys, which consist of wurtzite MgO∕ZnO superlattices, were grown by molecular-beam epitaxy on sapphire substrates. By changing the thicknesses of ZnO layers and/or of MgO layers of the superlattice, the band-gap energy was artificially tuned from 3.30to4.65eV. The highest band gap, consequently realized by the quasi-ternary alloy, was larger than that of the single MgZnO layer, we have ever reported, keeping the wurtzite structure. The band gap of quasi-ternary alloys was well analyzed by the Kronig–Penny model supposing the effective masses of wurtzite MgO as 0.30m0 and (1–2)m0 for electrons and holes, respectively.
An efficient simulated annealing algorithm for graph bisectioning (2002)

A new simulated annealing algorithm for solving the graph bisectioning problem is proposed. The authors run their simulated annealing algorithm, the Kernighan-Lin algorithm, and the Saab-Rao algorithms on the same set of random graphs with 50 to 500 nodes and compare their performances. Experiments show that their simulated annealing algorithm provides lower bisection cost than the Kernighan-Lin algorithm and the Saab-Rao algorithms for all of the graphs and their algorithm takes less running time than the other algorithms mentioned for all of the graphs with more than 100 nodes. For the simulated annealing approach, they conclude that sequential neighborhood search outperforms random neighborhood search in solving the graph bisectioning problem.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
LIVING WITH KANG AND PLANNING SYSTEM OF FARMHOUSE IN SHENG YANG : Study on the northern life style in Northeast China(Architectural Planning and Design) (2003)

We researched the house plan, living style of houses in Shen Yang, northeast China. We cleared how to use a Kang and living conditions of houses. We can find the tipycal northern life style that people use a Kang as original heating system and they have unique activities on the Kang. Many life work is developing on the Kang, for example sleeping, eating, firesude, relax and so on. A Kang is most important system ranked in northeast China.
Astrocyte and Neuronal Plasticity in the Somatosensory System (2015)

Changing the whisker complement on a rodent's snout can lead to two forms of experience-dependent plasticity (EDP) in the neurons of the barrel cortex, where whiskers are somatotopically represented. One form, termed coding plasticity, concerns changes in synaptic transmission and connectivity between neurons. This is thought to underlie learning and memory processes and so adaptation to a changing environment. The second, called homeostatic plasticity, serves to maintain a restricted dynamic range of neuronal activity thus preventing its saturation or total downregulation. Current explanatory models of cortical EDP are almost exclusively neurocentric. However, in recent years, increasing evidence has emerged on the role of astrocytes in brain function, including plasticity. Indeed, astrocytes appear as necessary partners of neurons at the core of the mechanisms of coding and homeostatic plasticity recorded in neurons. In addition to neuronal plasticity, several different forms of astrocytic plasticity have recently been discovered. They extend from changes in receptor expression and dynamic changes in morphology to alteration in gliotransmitter release. It is however unclear how astrocytic plasticity contributes to the neuronal EDP. Here, we review the known and possible roles for astrocytes in the barrel cortex, including its plasticity.