gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Measurement Capabilities Using Aerosol Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReal-Time Measurement Capabilities Using Aerosol Time-of-Flight Mass SpectrometryT. Nordmeyer and K. A. PratherCite this: Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 20, 3540–3542Publication Date (Print):October 15, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 October 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00092a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00092a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views278Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Transgenic plants as vaccine production systems (1995)

Transgenic plants that express foreign proteins with industrial or pharmaceutical value represent an economical alternative to fermentation-based production systems. Specific vaccines have been produced in plants as a result of the transient or stable expression of foreign genes. It has recently been shown that genes encoding antigens of bacterial and viral pathogens can be expressed in plants in a form in which they retain native immunogenic properties. Transgenic potato tubers expressing a bacterial antigen stimulated humoral and mucosal immune responses when they were provided as food. These results provide 'proof of concept' for the use of plants as a vehicle to produce vaccines.
On the design of binary polar codes for high-order modulation (2014)

In this work, we study the design of polar codes for high-order constellations. We propose a new methodology for selecting polar codes rates in multilevel coding scenarios in order to optimize the overall error performance. We also propose a novel method for the design of polar codes based on the second order statistics of the bit error performance of the equivalent bit channels. This new code design is applied to the proposed multilevel coding scheme as well as to the standard quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellations. We establish the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms through several practical examples.
Resolvin E1 Selectively Interacts with Leukotriene B4 Receptor BLT1 and ChemR23 to Regulate Inflammation (2007)

Resolvin E1 (RvE1) is a potent anti-inflammatory and proresolving mediator derived from omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid generated during the resolution phase of inflammation. RvE1 possesses a unique structure and counterregulatory actions that stop human polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) transendothelial migration and PMN infiltration in several murine inflammatory models. To examine the mechanism(s) underlying anti-inflammatory actions on PMNs, we prepared [(3)H]RvE1 and characterized its interactions with human PMN. Results with membrane fractions of human PMN demonstrated specific binding with a K(d) of 48.3 nM. [(3)H]RvE1 specific binding to human PMN was displaced by leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)) and LTB(4) receptor 1 (BLT1) antagonist U-75302, but not by chemerin peptide, a ligand specific for another RvE1 receptor ChemR23. Recombinant human BLT1 gave specific binding with [(3)H]RvE1 with a K(d) of 45 nM. RvE1 selectively inhibited adenylate cyclase with BLT1, but not with BLT2. In human PBMC, RvE1 partially induced calcium mobilization, and blocked subsequent stimulation by LTB(4). RvE1 also attenuated LTB(4)-induced NF-kappaB activation in BLT1-transfected cells. In vivo anti-inflammatory actions of RvE1 were sharply reduced in BLT1 knockout mice when given at low doses (100 ng i.v.) in peritonitis. In contrast, RvE1 at higher doses (1.0 mug i.v.) significantly reduced PMN infiltration in a BLT1-independent manner. These results indicate that RvE1 binds to BLT1 as a partial agonist, potentially serving as a local damper of BLT1 signals on leukocytes along with other receptors (e.g., ChemR23-mediated counterregulatory actions) to mediate the resolution of inflammation.
Wavelength Independency of Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) Channels in Spatially Multiplexed Systems (2015)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Share on X Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Share with WeChat Get Citation Copy Citation Text S. Murshid, S. Alanzi, and B. Chowdhury, "Wavelength Independency of Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) Channels in Spatially Multiplexed Systems," in Frontiers in Optics 2015, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2015), paper JW2A.33. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Electrically tunable laser based on oblique heliconical cholesteric liquid crystal (2016)

A cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) formed by chiral molecules represents a self-assembled one-dimensionally periodic helical structure with pitch [Formula: see text] in the submicrometer and micrometer range. Because of the spatial periodicity of the dielectric permittivity, a CLC doped with a fluorescent dye and pumped optically is capable of mirrorless lasing. An attractive feature of a CLC laser is that the pitch [Formula: see text] and thus the wavelength of lasing [Formula: see text] can be tuned, for example, by chemical composition. However, the most desired mode to tune the laser, by an electric field, has so far been elusive. Here we present the realization of an electrically tunable laser with [Formula: see text] spanning an extraordinarily broad range (>100 nm) of the visible spectrum. The effect is achieved by using an electric-field-induced oblique helicoidal (OH) state in which the molecules form an acute angle with the helicoidal axis rather than align perpendicularly to it as in a field-free CLC. The principal advantage of the electrically controlled CLC<sub>OH</sub> laser is that the electric field is applied parallel to the helical axis and thus changes the pitch but preserves the single-harmonic structure. The preserved single-harmonic structure ensures efficiency of lasing in the entire tunable range of emission. The broad tuning range of CLC<sub>OH</sub> lasers, coupled with their microscopic size and narrow line widths, may enable new applications in areas such as diagnostics, sensing, microscopy, displays, and holography.
Denaturation Fingerprinting: Two Related Mutation Detection Methods Especially Advantageous for High G+C Regions (1998)

Two versions of denaturation fingerprinting (dnF2R and dnF1R are described for detecting mutations. DnF2R is a sensitive screening method in which fingerprints are generated by performing denaturing gel electrophoresis on bidirectional "cycle-sequencing" reactions with each of two dideoxy terminators, e.g. ddATP and ddCTP. When the fingerprints generated by ddATP and ddCTP are combined, all sequence changes are expected to result in one extra and one absent segment. DnF2R was performed on 246- and 318-bp segments of the human factor IX gene, and the products were electrophoresed through a 6% Long Ranger gel with 7 M urea. All 32 single-base mutations were detected in hemizygous males with hemophilia B. DnF2R has been applied to detect a total of seven heterozygous sequence changes in large-scale screening and was found to be especially suitable for high G+C regions. In a blinded analysis, all of twenty-four additional single-base mutations were detected, but 7 of 31 heterozygous mutations were missed (23%). To reduce the effort of dnF2R by almost twofold while retaining the ability to detect all types of single-base changes, one fingerprint (dnF1R) was generated by performing a single reaction with ddATP and a second chemically modified terminator (e.g., ROX-conjugated ddCTP), which retards the mobility of the same termination products. The sensitivity and specificity of dnF1R equaled that of dnF2R, with the exception that the blinded analysis of heterozygotes in the 318-bp segment, which revealed the presence of an additional mutation. DnF under partially denaturing conditions may have optimal sensitivity for the detection of heterozygotes.
High-repetition-rate, 491 MHz, femtosecond fiber laser with low timing jitter (2008)

We demonstrate a soliton fiber laser based on an anomalously dispersive erbium-doped fiber butt-coupled to a saturable absorber mirror for passive mode locking. The laser generates 180 fs pulses at a repetition rate of 491 MHz and exhibits a timing jitter as low as 20 fs over the frequency range 1 kHz-10 MHz.
Single-Pulse Femtosecond Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) Spectroscopy for Temperature Measurements at Data Rates of 1 kHz (2009)

[Abstract] Single-laser-shot temperature measurements at a data rate of 1 kHz are demonstrated using femtosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS). The single-laser-shot measurements were performed by using a chirped probe pulse to map the time-dependent frequency-spread decay of the Raman coherence into the spectrum of the CARS signal pulse. Temperature is determined from the spectral shape of the chirped-probe femtosecond CARS signal for probe delays of approximately 2 picoseconds with respect to the impulsive pumpStokes excitation of the Raman coherence.
Imparting functional variety to cellulose ethers <i>via</i> olefin cross-metathesis (2015)

Olefin cross-metathesis (CM) was applied to impart functional variety to a series of cellulose ether derivatives.
Structure and inhibition of the drug-resistant S31N mutant of the M2 ion channel of influenza A virus (2013)

The influenza A virus M2 proton channel (A/M2) is the target of the antiviral drugs amantadine and rimantadine, whose use has been discontinued due to widespread drug resistance. Among the handful of drug-resistant mutants, S31N is found in more than 95% of the currently circulating viruses and shows greatly decreased inhibition by amantadine. The discovery of inhibitors of S31N has been hampered by the limited size, polarity, and dynamic nature of its amantadine-binding site. Nevertheless, we have discovered small-molecule drugs that inhibit S31N with potencies greater than amantadine's potency against WT M2. Drug binding locks the protein into a well-defined conformation, and the NMR structure of the complex shows the drug bound in the homotetrameric channel, threaded between the side chains of Asn31. Unrestrained molecular dynamics simulations predicted the same binding site. This S31N inhibitor, like other potent M2 inhibitors, contains a charged ammonium group. The ammonium binds as a hydrate to one of three sites aligned along the central cavity that appear to be hotspots for inhibition. These sites might stabilize hydronium-like species formed as protons diffuse through the outer channel to the proton-shuttling residue His37 near the cytoplasmic end of the channel.
Further characterization of the subunits of the receptor with high affinity for immunoglobulin E (1987)

The alpha, beta, and gamma subunits of the receptor with high affinity for immunoglobulin E were isolated and their compositions assessed by direct amino acid analysis and by incorporation of radioactive precursors. The compositions show no unusual features other than a rather high content of tryptophan in the alpha chain as assessed from the incorporation studies. The results combined with future sequence data will permit unambiguous determination of the multiplicity of the chains in the receptor. Chymotryptic peptide maps of the extrinsically iodinated subunits show several similar peptides, particularly for alpha and beta. However, these putative homologies were not apparent when tryptic maps of the biosynthetically ([3H]leucine) labeled subunits were analyzed.
936. Novel Oncolytic HSV-1 Mutant Expressing ICP 34.5 under the Transcriptional Control of Musashi1 Promoter for the Treatment of Gliomas (2006)

Although HSV-1 mutants possessing deletions in both copies of the ICP134.5 gene have been proven safe through a number of animal experiments and clinical trials, their therapeutic efficacy was also markedly reduced. In order to overcome this situation, we concentrated on the use of tumor-specific promoter in this study, to express ICP34.5 selectively in malignant glioma cells. As a molecular marker for malignant glioma, we focused on the neural RNA binding protein, Musashi1. Based on the results of defective vector dvM345, as reported earlier, we created, via homologous recombination, a novel HSV-1 vector termed KeM34.5, which expresses ICP34.5 under the transcriptional control of Musashi1gene promoter (P/ musashi1). Cytotoxicity mediated by KeM34.5 was significantly enhanced in human glioma cell lines (U87MG, U87MG-E6, U251, and T98G), resulting in about 2 log increase of viral yield, compared to its parental vector G207. This virus showed a much higher therapeutic efficacy also in the in vivo glioma model, while maintaining the desirable neuroattenuated phenotype. These results suggest that the oncolytic HSV-1 expressing ICP34.5 under the transcriptional control of Musashi1 gene promoter can be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of malignant glioma.
Oil Emulsification Using Surface-Tunable Carbon Black Particles (2013)

Emulsification of oil from a subsurface spill and keeping it stable in the water is an important component of the natural remediation process. Motivated by the need to find alternate dispersants for emulsifying oil following a spill, we examine particle-stabilized oil-in-water emulsions. Emulsions that remain stable for months are prepared either by adding acid or salt to carboxyl-terminated carbon black (CB) suspension in water to make the particles partially hydrophobic, adding the oil to this suspension and mixing. When naphthalene, a model potentially toxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is added to octane and an emulsion formed, it gets adsorbed significantly by the CB particles, and its transport into the continuous water is markedly reduced. In contrast to an undesirable seawater-in-crude oil emulsion produced using a commercially used dispersant, Corexit 9500A, we demonstrate the formation of a stable crude oil-in-seawater emulsion using the CB particles (with no added acid or salt), important for natural degradation. The large specific surface area of these surface functionalized CB particles, their adsorption capability and their ability to form stable emulsions are an important combination of attributes that potentially make these particles a viable alternative or supplement to conventional dispersants for emulsifying crude oil following a spill.
Algorithmic citation‐linked historiography—Mapping the literature of science (2002)

Abstract There is a large literature on mapping and visualizing the scholarly literature (White & McCain, ; Buter & Noyons, ). However, none of these methods have been used to create historical displays of works on a given subject. The authors have developed a process and software called HistCite for generating chronological maps of collections resulting from searching the ISI Web of Science (WOS) , SCI/SSCI/AHCI on CD‐ROM or SciSearch on Dialog. Export files are created in which all cited references for source documents are captured. These files are processed by HistCite to generate tables of the most‐cited works. Real time demonstrations of several topics such as bibliographic‐coupling, co‐citation analysis, gene flow, etc. will be provided. The HistCite software includes an expert system for detecting and editing errors or variations in cited references. Export Files of 1,000 or more records are processed in minutes on a PC. Ideally the system will be used to help the searcher quickly identify the most significant work on a topic and trace its year‐by‐year development.
Low-Overhead Network-on-Chip Support for Location-Oblivious Task Placement (2012)

Many-core processors will have many processing cores with a network-on-chip (NoC) that provides access to shared resources such as main memory and on-chip caches. However, locally-fair arbitration in multi-stage NoC can lead to globally unfair access to shared resources and impact system-level performance depending on where each task is physically placed. In this work, we propose an arbitration to provide equality-of-service (EoS) in the network and provide support for location-oblivious task placement. We propose using probabilistic arbitration combined with distance-based weights to achieve EoS and overcome the limitation of round-robin arbiter. However, the complexity of probabilistic arbitration results in high area and long latency which negatively impacts performance. In order to reduce the hardware complexity, we propose an hybrid arbiter that switches between a simple arbiter at low load and a complex arbiter at high load. The hybrid arbiter is enabled by the observation that arbitration only impacts the overall performance and global fairness at a high load. We evaluate our arbitration scheme with synthetic traffic patterns and GPGPU benchmarks. Our results shows that hybrid arbiter that combines round-robin arbiter with probabilistic distance-based arbitration reduces performance variation as task placement is varied and also improves average IPC.
Blind Identification of Distributed Antenna Systems with Multiple Carrier Frequency Offsets (2007)

In spatially distributed multiuser antenna systems, the received signal contains multiple carrier-frequency offsets (CFOs) arising from mismatch between the oscillators of transmitters and receivers. This results in a time-varying rotation of the data constellation, which needs to be compensated at the receiver before symbol recovery. In this paper, a new approach for blind CFO estimation and symbol recovery is proposed. The received base-band signal is over-sampled, and its polyphase components are used to formulate a virtual Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) problem. By applying blind MIMO system estimation techniques, the system response can be estimated and decoupled versions of the user symbols can be recovered, each one of which contains a distinct CFO. By applying a decision feedback Phase Lock Loop (PLL), the CFO can be mitigated and the transmitted symbols can be recovered. The estimated MIMO system response provides information about the CFOs that can be used to initialize the PLL, speed up its convergence, and avoid ambiguities usually linked with PLL.
Phosphorylation of Ser205 by Casein kinase II persists on Pax3‐FOXO1a, but not Pax3, throughout myogenic differentiation (2009)

The myogenic transcription factor Pax3 plays an essential role in early skeletal muscle development and is a key factor in Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS), a childhood solid muscle tumor. ARMS is associated with an unfavorable prognosis due to the propensity for wide dissemination and a poor response to chemotherapy. The characteristic translocation in ARMS results in the fusion of the 5' Pax3 sequences to the 3' FOXO1a sequences to encode a fusion protein, Pax3‐FOXO1a. Post translational modifications such as phosphorylation are common mechanisms of regulating transcription factors, including Pax3 and FOXO1a. The Pax3 domain of Pax3‐FOXO1a is phosphorylated at multiple sites which positively influences the DNA‐binding activity and subsequent transcriptional activity of Pax3‐FOXO1a. Here, we show that both Pax3 and Pax3‐FOXO1a are phosphorylated at Ser205 in proliferating mouse primary myoblasts and identify Casein kinase II as the kinase that phosphorylates Pax3 and Pax3‐FOXO1a at Ser205. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Pax3‐FOXO1a, but not Pax3, is constitutively phosphorylated at Ser205 throughout differentiation of mouse primary myoblasts. Finally, we show that Pax3‐FOXO1a is phosphorylated at Ser205 in a variety of translocation containing ARMS cell lines. These results suggest a possible mechanism by which the disregulation of Pax3‐FOXo1a may contribute to tumorigenesis.
A Hybrid Approach to Parallel Multiscale Reservoir Simulator (2016)

In the wake of advancements in multi-core/multi-processor NUMA systems and associated hardware architectures, there is a need and an opportunity for software to be enhanced in lock-step with these hardware developments, in order to reap performance gains. However, Giga cell reservoir models still may require days of simulation on available hardware. Recently in reservoir simulation various multiscale methods have been developed in order to create faster computation algorithm. The key idea of these methods is to solve the problem on a coarse level and then prolong it to fine level using a set of basis functions. These prolongation operators map between fine grid geological properties of reservoir model and the coarse grid that is used for simulation. One of these methods has been implemented in a commercially available simulator. The next natural step to further speed-up simulation is to use high performance technologies for parallelization. We illustrate how this was accomplished by reusing and extending the existing parallel pattern for distributed, MPI, and by adding shared, OpenMP, memory techniques. Finally results are presented for large highly heterogeneous real-field models showing performance and scalability of the new industrial strength multiscale reservoir simulator running on a multi-node cluster.
Continuous recycling of enzymes during production of lignocellulosic bioethanol in demonstration scale (2015)

• Results from continuous experiments in demonstration scale for a total of 16 days. • Reuse of enzymes is possible through recycling fermentation broth . • Recycling fermentation broth can increase ethanol concentration with lower dry matter . Recycling of enzymes in production of lignocellulosic bioethanol has been tried for more than 30 years. So far, the successes have been few and the experiments have been carried out at conditions far from those in an industrially feasible process. Here we have tested continuous enzyme recycling at demonstration scale using industrial process conditions (high dry matter content and low enzyme dosage) for a period of eight days. The experiment was performed at the Inbicon demonstration plant (Kalundborg, Denmark) capable of converting four tonnes of wheat straw per hour. 20% of the fermentation broth was recycled to the hydrolysis reactor while enzyme dosage was reduced by 5%. The results demonstrate that recycling enzymes by this method can reduce overall enzyme consumption and may also increase the ethanol concentrations in the fermentation broth. Our results further show that recycling fermentation broth also opens up the possibility of lowering the dry matter content in hydrolysis and fermentation while still maintaining high ethanol concentrations.
BaTiO_3 thin-film waveguide modulator with a low voltage–length product at near-infrared wavelengths of 098 and 155 µm (2005)

A BaTiO3 thin-film electro-optic waveguide modulator with a low half-wave voltage-length product has been demonstrated at near-infrared wavelengths of 1-1.6 microm. Half-wave voltage-length products as small as 0.25 and 0.5 V cm were measured for a 5-mm-long device at wavelengths of 973 and 1561 nm, respectively. The effective electro-optic coefficients were calculated as 420 pm/V at 973 nm and 360 pm/V at 1561 nm. Further improvements in device performance by optimizing the ferroelectric domain structure are anticipated.