gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The complement control protein homolog of herpesvirus saimiri regulates serum complement by inhibiting C3 convertase activity (1995)

The herpesvirus saimiri genome encodes a complement control protein homolog (CCPH). Stable mammalian cell transfectants expressing a recombinant transmembrane form of CCPH (mCCPH) or a 5'FLAG epitope-tagged mCCPH (5'FLAGmCCPH) conferred resistance to complement-mediated cell damage by inhibiting the lytic activity of human serum complement. The function of CCPH was further defined by showing that the mCCPH and the 5'FLAGmCCPH transfectants inhibited C3 convertase activity and effectively reduced cell surface deposition of the activated complement component, C3d.
<i>Arabidopsis</i> Brassinosteroid Signaling Pathway (2006)

Plants control their size through the action of several phytohormones. One class of growth-promoting hormones is the brassinosteroids (BRs), the polyhydroxylated steroid hormones of plants. Here, we present the Arabidopsis-specific proteins that are the founding members of key BR signaling pathway components found in all plants. The genetic studies that identified these components are unique to Arabidopsis owing to its rapid generation time, sophisticated genetics, and facile transformation protocols, thereby highlighting the importance of a reference plant for understanding fundamental processes in all land plants.
Non-Concatenated FEC Codes for Ultra-High Speed Optical Transport Networks (2011)

This paper presents a non-concatenated forward error correction (FEC) code suitable for applications in 100Gb/s optical transport networks (OTN). A typical requirement in this application is a net coding gain (NCG) >;10 dB at a bit error rate (BER) of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-15</sup> with an overhead (OH) of ~20%. As discussed in [1], non-concatenated codes are the ultimate frontier in terms of performance for OTN applications, because of their superior performance, lower latency, and lower overhead than concatenated codes. However, a major stumbling block for the use of these codes has been the existence of BER floors at levels significantly higher than the required 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-15</sup> (typically 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-10</sup> ). In this paper we present a new coding scheme based on a low density parity check (LDPC) code with an expected net coding gain of 11.30dB at 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-15</sup> , 20% OH, and a block size of 24576 bits. This represents a significant improvement over the previous state of the art [2], based on a concatenated code with a block size of 74844 bits and 20.5% OH. The code is designed to minimize the BER floor while simultaneously reducing the memory requirements and the interconnection complexity of the iterative decoder [3]. Experimental results obtained with an FPGA-based hardware emulator demonstrate an NCG of 10.70 dB at a BER of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-13</sup> and no error floors. These experimental results are extrapolated to 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-15</sup> using importance sampling techniques, resulting in the expected performance stated above. Moreover, we find that fixed-point implementation is the main cause of error floors below 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-13</sup> Based on this finding, we introduce a new low complexity postprocessing technique to push BER floors down to 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-15</sup> .
Inactivating Mutations in GT198 in Familial and Early-Onset Breast and Ovarian Cancers (2013)

The human GT198 gene (gene symbol PSMC3IP) is located at chromosome 17q21, 470 kb proximal to BRCA1, a locus previously linked to breast and ovarian cancer predisposition. Its protein product (also known as TBPIP and Hop2) has been shown to regulate steroid hormone receptor-mediated gene activation and to stimulate homologous recombination in DNA repair. Here, we screened germline mutations in GT198 in familial and early-onset breast and ovarian cancer patients. We have identified 8 germline variants in a total of 212 index patients including reoccurring nonsense mutation c.310C>T (p.Q104X) and 5' UTR mutation c.-37A>T, each found in 2 unrelated families. Most identified index patients from cancer families had early onsets with a median age of 35 years. c.310C>T was absent in a total of 564 control individuals analyzed. GT198 gene amplification with an imbalanced mutant copy gain was identified in the blood DNA of one of the patients carrying c.310C>T. When tested, this truncating mutation abolished DNA damage-induced Rad51 foci formation. In addition, we have identified 15 somatic mutations in 2 tumors from 1 patient carrying germline mutation c.-37A>T. The presence of a somatic mutation on the wild-type allele showed that GT198 was biallelically mutated in the tumor. The somatic mutations identified near a splicing junction site caused defective alternative splicing and truncated the open reading frame. Therefore, distinct mutations may cause a similar consequence by truncating the full-length protein and inducing a loss of the wild type. Our study provides the first evidence of the presence of inactivating mutations in GT198 in familial and early-onset breast and ovarian cancer patients. Mutations in GT198, a gene regulating DNA repair, potentially contribute to an increased risk in familial breast and ovarian cancers.
Hybridization of Ductile Steel Fibre and SelfReinforcedComposites (2013)

status: Published
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Hypoglycemic Dihydropyridones Serendipitously Discovered from O‐ versus C‐Alkylation in the Synthesis of VMAT2 Antagonists. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Compact directional acoustic sensor using a multi-fiber optical probe (2013)

A compact directional acoustic sensor is described which uses a two-fiber optical probe, a light emitting diode (LED), a photo-diode detector, and a slender cylindrical cantilever to the end of which is attached an optical reflector. Acoustically induced transverse displacement of the cantilever tip modulates the light reflected by it into the collection fiber, which conveys the light to a photo-detector. Directional sensitivity is achieved through the dependence of the collected light on the cosine of the angle between a line through the centers of the two fibers and the cantilever tip displacement (the sound direction). The sensor requires relatively low power, and its LED source has low levels of 1/f noise. These attributes make it a good choice for remote low frequency applications requiring long operating lifetimes. An analytic model of the acoustic response of the cantilever is constructed, which is partially verified using a finite element model and experimentally validated using measurements of the acoustic response in air. The model is used to predict to what extent and over what frequency band that response depends upon the acoustically generated flow (drag) force [Yuan et al., IEEE Sensor J. 8, 1114-1117 (2008)].
Epigenetic inactivation of <i>BCL6B</i> , a novel functional tumour suppressor for gastric cancer, is associated with poor survival (2011)

BCL6B plays a pivotal role as a potential tumour suppressor in GC. Detection of methylated BCL6B may serve as an independent biomarker for the prognosis of GC.
Improving Slot Filling in Spoken Language Understanding with Joint Pointer and Attention (2018)

We present a generative neural network model for slot filling based on a sequenceto-sequence (Seq2Seq) model together with a pointer network, in the situation where only sentence-level slot annotations are available in the spoken dialogue data. This model predicts slot values by jointly learning to copy a word which may be out-of-vocabulary (OOV) from an input utterance through a pointer network, or generate a word within the vocabulary through an attentional Seq2Seq model. Experimental results show the effectiveness of our slot filling model, especially at addressing the OOV problem. Additionally, we integrate the proposed model into a spoken language understanding system and achieve the state-of-the-art performance on the benchmark data.
New Developments in HFC-245fa Appliance Foam (1999)

The phaseout of HCFC-141b as a blowing agent for rigid foams is scheduled to begin in 2003 or sooner. The blowing agent to replace it should have low thermal conductivity, zero ozone depletion potential (ODP), low global warming potential (GWP) and be low in toxicity. In addition, other desirable characteristics include good compatibility with polyols, stability of the blowing agent by itself and in masterbatches, ease of handling, compatibility with plastic food liners, reasonable cost and feasibility of manufacture, good processing characteristics in machinery and no flammability. Finally, the blowing agent should produce foams having insulation properties which are comparable to or better than those made with HCFC-141b. Considerable effort is being directed to developing new appliance foam systems for North America which use blowing agents that have many or all of these characteristics. A number of candidates have been evaluated from which HFC-245fa meets the majority of these criteria if not all of them. Bayer Corporation reported data on HFC-245fa blown appliance foams which had most of these characteristics. Energy performance in cabinets was less than 1% poorer with the HFC-245fa foam versus an HCFC-141b commercial foam. For the future, energy standards in the United States will become 25 to 30% more stringent after July 1, 2001. Therefore, the insulation value of HFC-245fa foams will most likely have to be better than foams blown with HCFC-141b. This paper will discuss new developments with HFC-245fa blown appliance foams. Results of a design of experiments to study the effects of catalyst levels, the processing temperatures of the masterbatch and the isocyanate and the viscosity of the formulation on physical properties will be presented. Results will be compared to a previously reported HFC-245fa system and to an HCFC-141b commercial system.
Complex Lane Change Behavior in the Foresighted Driver Model (2015)

This paper presents a general model for lane-change decision and dynamic lane change behavior based on the Foresighted Driver Model. Differently to previous models, it does not rely on indirect features like gap lengths, TTC or decelerations, but it models the lane change process by explicitly calculating the involved risks and benefits of the different trajectory alternatives. The lane change decision occurs by searching a tradeoff between the anticipated risks and the utility of the maneuver for the driver. In such a way, the model generalizes to a large variability of lane-change situations with varying number of involved traffic participants, since their states are incorporated into the risk estimation. We show that with our model, regular lane change processes can be reliably captured. We also show, how in complex constellations, the model reacts in plausible ways which are not covered by previous models. This is the case e.g.~when an emergency lane-change is forced by a fast rear-end approach, or when a lane change occurs in anticipation to an expected merge-in at an entrance.
Discovery of a CXCR4 agonist pepducin that mobilizes bone marrow hematopoietic cells (2010)

The G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), chemokine CXC-type receptor 4 (CXCR4), and its ligand, CXCL12, mediate the retention of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in the bone marrow. Agents that disrupt CXCL12-mediated chemoattraction of CXCR4-expressing cells mobilize PMNs and HSPCs into the peripheral circulation and are therapeutically useful for HSPC collection before autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). Our aim was to develop unique CXCR4-targeted therapeutics using lipopeptide GPCR modulators called pepducins. A pepducin is a synthetic molecule composed of a peptide derived from the amino acid sequence of one of the intracellular (IC) loops of a target GPCR coupled to a lipid tether. We prepared and screened a small CXCR4-targeted pepducin library and identified several pepducins with in vitro agonist activity, including ATI-2341, whose peptide sequence derives from the first IC loop. ATI-2341 induced CXCR4- and G protein-dependent signaling, receptor internalization, and chemotaxis in CXCR4-expressing cells. It also induced dose-dependent peritoneal recruitment of PMNs when administered i.p. to mice. However, when administered systemically by i.v. bolus, ATI-2341 acted as a functional antagonist and dose-dependently mediated release of PMNs from the bone marrow of both mice and cynomolgus monkeys. ATI-2341–mediated release of granulocyte/macrophage progenitor cells from the bone marrow was confirmed by colony-forming assays. We conclude that ATI-2341 is a potent and efficacious mobilizer of bone marrow PMNs and HSPCs and could represent a previously undescribed therapeutic approach for the recruitment of HSPCs before ABMT.
The grouped node technique as a means of handling large electrode surfaces in electrical impedance tomography (1995)

A finite-element method employing a grouped node technique as a means of handling large electrode surfaces in electrical impedance process tomography is presented. The technique groups sets of nodes representing discrete boundary electrodes in a two-dimensional finite-element mesh into corresponding sets of single nodes via a transformation matrix G. The subsequent field solution is obtained based on the new boundary conditions in the standard way after implementing this procedure. Comparison of the resultant boundary voltage profiles from this approach against measurements made on laboratory scale phantoms are reported.
Enhanced Antiviral Activity against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus by a Combination of Type I and II Porcine Interferons (2007)

Previously, we showed that type I interferon (alpha/beta interferon [IFN-alpha/beta]) can inhibit foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) replication in cell culture, and swine inoculated with 10(9) PFU of human adenovirus type 5 expressing porcine IFN-alpha (Ad5-pIFN-alpha) were protected when challenged 1 day later. In this study, we found that type II pIFN (pIFN-gamma) also has antiviral activity against FMDV in cell culture and that, in combination with pIFN-alpha, it has a synergistic antiviral effect. We also observed that while each IFN alone induced a number of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), the combination resulted in a synergistic induction of some ISGs. To extend these studies to susceptible animals, we inoculated groups of swine with a control Ad5, 10(8) PFU of Ad5-pIFN-alpha, low- or high-dose Ad5-pIFN-gamma, or a combination of Ad5-pIFN-alpha and low- or high-dose Ad5-pIFN-gamma and challenged all groups with FMDV 1 day later. The control group and the groups inoculated with either Ad5-pIFN-alpha or a low dose of Ad5-pIFN-gamma developed clinical disease and viremia. However, the group that received the combination of both Ad5-IFNs with the low dose of Ad5-pIFN-gamma was completely protected from challenge and had no viremia. Similarly the groups inoculated with the combination of Ad5s with the higher dose of Ad5-pIFN-gamma or with only high-dose Ad5-pIFN-gamma were protected. The protected animals did not develop antibodies against viral nonstructural (NS) proteins, while all infected animals were NS protein seropositive. No antiviral activity or significant levels of IFNs were detected in the protected groups, but there was an induction of some ISGs. The results indicate that the combination of type I and II IFNs act synergistically to inhibit FMDV replication in vitro and in vivo.
Using thermochromic ink for medical simulations (2017)

Background: In medical simulation and training, blood is used to exhibit its different behaviors in context. In some cases, blood color differential is an imperative visual effect to ensure high-fidelity training and practical understanding. High simulation realism is usually achieved by using animal or artificial blood (which mimics some biological features of blood), which has high cost, requires disposable equipment such as oxygenators, and entails contamination or infection risks. Methods: A novel method for blood simulation is introduced. Using the thermal properties of thermochromic ink, its color can be altered by adjustment of temperature.1 The unique red color of blood can be mimicked to a high fidelity using a custom hue of thermochromic ink. Then, by adjusting its temperature, realistic dark and bright red can be employed to simulate the low and high oxygen concentrations of blood, respectively. Although thermochromic ink currently does not imitate other blood properties such as viscosity and clotting, it has superior merits when color change simulation is a paramount priority. The major advantages of the proposed solution are reusability and cost. Thermochromic ink can be used for multiple simulations without any noticeable change in quality. It also costs significantly less than using actual or artificial blood. Results: Testing results of the proposed solution in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) simulation has proven its efficacy as a practical solution for medical simulations (see Figure 1). To prevent membrane occlusion because of the thermochromic ink, the latter needs to be pierced. In addition to ECMO simulation, other medical applications are being considered. Conclusions: The use of thermochromic ink in medical training provides reproducible color change simulation features of blood while maintaining significantly lower equipment costs and contamination risks as all circuit components can be reused.
Reliable quantum circuits have defects (2019)

State of the art quantum computing architectures are founded on the decision to use scalable but faulty quantum hardware in conjunction with an efficient error correcting code capable of tolerating high error rates. The promised effect of this decision is that the first large-scale practical quantum computer is within reach. Coming to grips with the strategy and the challenges of preparing reliable executions of an arbitrary quantum computation is not difficult. Moreover, the article explains why defects are good.
Electronic Effects on the Selectivity of Mercuracarborand Ionophores in Ion‐Selective Electrodes and Membrane Formulations for Their Use in High Protein Concentration Environments (2003)

Abstract Ion‐selective electrodes based on the ionophore [9]mercuracarborand‐3 (MC3) have been demonstrated in the past to be highly selective for the chloride ion. This ionophore is macrocyclic and possesses Lewis acidic mercury centers, both of which result in enhanced ionophore binding to spherical anions. Like their charge‐reverse analogs, crown ethers, mercuracarborands offer the possibility to tune binding selectivity through changes in cavity size and/or via the incorporation of functional groups onto the cavity framework. Indeed, this article outlines the effect on ionophore selectivity that results from the addition of methyl groups to the MC3's carborane cages. Our results indicate that this simple functionalization leads to significant changes in selectivity that can be attributed to electronic effects. Furthermore, since MC3‐based electrodes and optodes have previously shown sufficient selectivities to perform physiological analysis, the effect of protein backgrounds and mild exposure to human whole blood on the response of mercuracarborand ISEs is also reported.
Microarchitectural Wire Management for Performance and Power in Partitioned Architectures (2005)

Future high-performance billion-transistor processors are likely to employ partitioned architectures to achieve high clock speeds, high parallelism, low design complexity, and low power. In such architectures, inter-partition communication over global wires has a significant impact on overall processor performance and power consumption. VLSI techniques allow a variety of wire implementations, but these wire properties have previously never been exposed to the microarchitecture. This paper advocates global wire management at the microarchitecture level and proposes a heterogeneous interconnect that is comprised of wires with varying latency, bandwidth, and energy characteristics. We propose and evaluate microarchitectural techniques that can exploit such a heterogeneous interconnect to improve performance and reduce energy consumption. These techniques include a novel cache pipeline design, the identification of narrow bit-width operands, the classification of non-critical data, and the detection of interconnect load imbalance. For a dynamically scheduled partitioned architecture, our results demonstrate that the proposed innovations result in up to 11% reductions in overall processor ED/sup 2/, compared to a baseline processor that employs a homogeneous interconnect.
Enhancing imaging systems using transformation optics (2010)

We apply the transformation optical technique to modify or improve conventional refractive and gradient index optical imaging devices. In particular, when it is known that a detector will terminate the paths of rays over some surface, more freedom is available in the transformation approach, since the wave behavior over a large portion of the domain becomes unimportant. For the analyzed configurations, quasi-conformal and conformal coordinate transformations can be used, leading to simplified constitutive parameter distributions that, in some cases, can be realized with isotropic index; index-only media can be low-loss and have broad bandwidth. We apply a coordinate transformation to flatten a Maxwell fish-eye lens, forming a near-perfect relay lens; and also flatten the focal surface associated with a conventional refractive lens, such that the system exhibits an ultra-wide field-of-view with reduced aberration.
A new theory on pure pre-rolling resistance through pendulum oscillations (2012)

Theoretical and experimental investigations of pre-rolling resistance of a ball on a flat surface were carried out. The cycling displacements of the ball were considered within a range much smaller than the radius of a contact patch. The method of free oscillations of a pendulum supported with two balls on a substrate is proposed for experimental investigations. It is proved that this method allows measurement of a set of parameters of pre-rolling resistance with high sensitivity and precision. The proposed setup has secured pure rolling measurement conditions.