gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-34a Inhibits the Proliferation and Metastasis of Osteosarcoma Cells Both In Vitro and In Vivo (2012)

The results presented in this study demonstrated that over-expression of miR-34a could inhibit the tumor growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma probably through down regulating c-Met. And there are other putative miR-34a target genes beside c-Met which could potentially be key players in the development of osteosarcoma. Since pulmonary metastases are responsible for mortality of patient carrying osteosarcoma, miR-34a may prove to be a promising gene therapeutic agent. It will be interesting to further investigate the mechanism by which miR-34a functions as a tumor suppressor gene in osteosarcoma.
Caring for patients from ethnic minority groups. (1996)

The religious and cultural needs of a patient are just as important to them as their basic physiological and psychological needs. Robbins, when discussing the importance of holistic care, considers that the body, mind and spirit are three separate strands which comprise a whole person. It is very often the spiritual side that is neglected.
A Wideband FM Demodulator for a Low-Complexity FM-UWB Receiver (2006)

A wideband FM demodulator circuit for a low-complexity UWB communications system based upon double FM techniques is presented. The receiver demodulates the FM-UWB signal without frequency translation. The FM demodulator presented here covers the low band (3.1-5 GHz) and consumes 10 mW. The 0.72 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> demodulator IC is implemented in 0.18 mum Si-Ge BiCMOS technology
The trail pathway in carcinomas : regulation of apoptosis and therapeutic application (2013)

TRAIL is a member of TNF superfamily and binding of TRAIL to its receptors induces cell death with apparent specificity for carcinoma cells compared with normal epithelium. On this basis, a number of TRAIL-targeted therapies are currently under investigation as anti-cancer agents. Recent studies in our lab have shown that membrane bound forms of both FasL and CD40L are more potent in cell death induction, suggesting that a membrane bound TRAIL could be more effective in cell death induction compared to the wild-type or the soluble counterparts. TRAIL gene therapies have demonstrated that ex vivo infection of cancer cells with a recombinant adenovirus expressing TRAIL (RAdTRAIL) enhances apoptosis and promotes tumour regression. In the present study, we have generated two adenoviral vectors. The first one expressing wild-type TRAIL (RAd wtTRAIL) that subject to cleavage from cell membrane and the second adenoviral vector expressing fusion CD40LTRAIL protein that is resistant to metalloproteinase cleavage (RAd CD40LTRAIL). The direct effects of these viruses were examined on TRAIL receptor positive carcinomas either alone or in combination with different chemotherapeutic drug. The RAd CD40LTRAIL that expressed the membrane bound CD40LTRAIL was found to exhibit more cell death than the RAd wtTRAIL. This cell death was through the activation of caspase 3/7.\n\n
Epigenetic mechanisms influencing COVID-19 (2021)

The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the most significant public health threats in recent history and has impacted the lives of almost everyone worldwide. Epigenetic mechanisms contribute to many aspects of the SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle, including expression levels of viral receptor ACE2, expression of cytokine genes as part of the host immune response, and the implication of various histone modifications in several aspects of COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 proteins physically associate with many different host proteins over the course of infection, and notably there are several interactions between viral proteins and epigenetic enzymes such as HDACs and bromodomain-containing proteins as shown by correlation-based studies. The many contributions of epigenetic mechanisms to the viral life cycle and the host immune response to infection have resulted in epigenetic factors being identified as emerging biomarkers for COVID-19, and project epigenetic modifiers as promising therapeutic targets to combat COVID-19. This review article highlights the major epigenetic pathways at play during COVID-19 disease and discusses ongoing clinical trials that will hopefully contribute to slowing the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
Molecular Pharmacology of Rosmarinic and Salvianolic Acids: Potential Seeds for Alzheimer’s and Vascular Dementia Drugs (2018)

Both caffeic acid and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid (danshensu) are synthesized through two distinct routs of the shikimic acid biosynthesis pathway. In many plants, especially the rosemary and sage family of Lamiaceae, these two compounds are joined through an ester linkage to form rosmarinic acid (RA). A further structural diversity of RA derivatives in some plants such as <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> Bunge is a form of RA dimer, salvianolic acid-B (SA-B), that further give rise to diverse salvianolic acid derivatives. This review provides a comprehensive perspective on the chemistry and pharmacology of these compounds related to their potential therapeutic applications to dementia. The two common causes of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and stroke, are employed to scrutinize the effects of these compounds in vitro and in animal models of dementia. Key pharmacological mechanisms beyond the common antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of polyphenols are highlighted with emphasis given to amyloid beta (Aβ) pathologies among others and neuronal regeneration from stem cells.
Current trends of cochlear implant in Japan (2015)

我が国で最初の人工内耳手術が1985 年に行われてから30 年が経過し，人工内耳装用者数は１万人以上になっている．人工内耳は，補聴器での装用効果が不十分な高度難聴に対して有効であり，人工内耳の装用効果が得られているが，騒音下の聴取等人工内耳の聴こえには限界があり，今後検討すべき課題もある．本稿では，人工内耳のしくみや歴史，人工内耳の現状や問題点を解説し，特に，人工内耳の適応基準の改訂等によって，今後増加が予想される小児の両側人工内耳や人工内耳と補聴器の両耳装用の効果，人工内耳装用児の通常学級へのインテグレーション等に関する検討を行った．さらに，聴覚障害，人工内耳に関わる言語聴覚士の役割について考察した．
Secure Transmission for Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Assisted mmWave and Terahertz Systems (2020)

This letter focuses on the secure transmission for an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted millimeter-wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) system, in which a base station (BS) communicates with its destination via an IRS, in the presence of a passive eavesdropper. To maximize the system secrecy rate, the transmit beamforming at the BS and the reflecting matrix at the IRS are jointly optimized with transmit power and discrete phase-shift constraints. It is first proved that the beamforming design is independent of the phase shift design under the rank-one channel assumption. The formulated non-convex problem is then converted into two subproblems, which are solved alternatively. Specifically, the closed-form solution of transmit beamforming at the BS is derived, and the semidefinite programming (SDP)-based method and element-wise block coordinate descent (BCD)-based method are proposed to design the reflecting matrix. The complexity of our proposed methods is analyzed theoretically. Simulation results reveal that the proposed IRS-assisted secure strategy can significantly boost the secrecy rate performance, regardless of eavesdropper's locations (near or blocking the confidential beam).
Stereoisomeric Distribution of 3-Mercaptohexan-1-ol and 3-Mercaptohexyl Acetate in Dry and Sweet White Wines Made from<i>Vitis vinifera</i>(Var. Sauvignon Blanc and Semillon) (2006)

The enantiomeric distribution of 3-mercaptohexan-1-ol (3MH) and 3-mercaptohexyl acetate (3MHA) in Vitis vinifera wines was determined by combining two techniques: specific purification of volatile thiols from the wines using p-hydroxymercuribenzoate and separation of the chiral molecules by gas-phase chromatography on a cyclodextrin capillary column. The R and S enantiomer ratios of these two thiols in dry white Sauvignon blanc and Semillon wines are approximately 30:70 for A3MH and 50:50 for 3MH. However, in sweet white wines made from grapes affected by "noble rot" due to the development of Botrytis cinerea on ripe grapes, the proportion of the R and S forms of 3MH is in the vicinity of 30:70. During alcoholic fermentation, a change in the ratio of the two enantiomers of 3MH in dry white wines was observed. At the beginning of fermentation (around density 1.08), the S form represented over 60%; then, at lower density, as fermentation proceeded, the enatiomeric ratio approached 50:50. The ratio of the two 3MHA enantiomers remained constant throughout fermentation. On the contrary, the distribution of the two 3MH enantiomers changed very little during fermentation of the botrytized sweet wines. The perception thresholds for the R and S forms of 3MH in hydroalcoholic model solution are similar (50 and 60 ng/L). These two enantiomers have quite different aromas: The R form is fruitier, with a zesty aroma reminiscent of grapefruit, while the S form smells more of passion fruit. The perception thresholds of the R and S enantiomers of 3MHA are slightly different (9 and 2.5 ng/L). The less odoriferous R form is reminiscent of passion fruit, while the S form has a more herbaceous odor of boxwood.
Effect of growth hormone and IgG aggregates on dendritic cells activation and T‐cells polarization (2016)

Patients treated with therapeutic biological products (BP) frequently develop anti-drug antibodies (ADA) with potential neutralizing capacities leading to loss of clinical response or serious side effects. BP aggregates have been suggested to promote immunogenicity, thus enhancing ADA production. Dendritic cells (DC) are key effectors in T-cell and B-cell fates, and the subsequent generation of immunogenicity. The objective of this work was to determine if BP aggregates can participate to DC maturation and T-cell activation. We compared aggregates from three different proteins: human growth hormone (hGH), Rituximab, a chimeric anti-CD20 antibody and a serum-purified human IgG1. All three proteins underwent a stir stress, generating comparable populations of aggregated particles. Maturation of human monocyte-derived DC (moDC) upon exposure to native BPs or aggregates was evaluated in vitro. Results showed that hGH aggregates induced an increased expression of moDC co-stimulation markers, and augmented levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-12p40, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4 and CXCL10. Both antibodies aggregates were also able to modify DC phenotype, but cytokine and chemokine productions were seen only with IL-6, IL-8, IL-12p40 and CXCL10. Aggregates-treated moDC enhanced allogenic T-cell proliferation and cytokines production, suggesting Th1 polarization with hGH, and mixed T-cell responses with antibodies aggregates. These results showed that BP aggregates provoked DC maturation, thus driving adaptive T-cell responses and polarization.
ISO 26262 compliant memory BIST architecture (2017)

The modern automotive industry has entered an era where tendencies are towards the increased automation and connectivity. The proportion of electronics-controlled systems is steadily growing in vehicles. In parallel the safety and reliability requirements to automobiles are becoming more stringent due to the increased number of accidents with fatalities on the roads. The problem is complicated by the fact that automotive has started to use cutting-edge technologies irrespective of their maturity level. This paper describes the use of BIST implementations for self-test of memories in an automotive SoC, to support testing in mission mode. Case study at the end of the paper demonstrates a practical built-in self-test architecture implementation providing efficient solutions for both production and in-field testing.
Intrapartum assessment of caput succedaneum by transperineal ultrasound: a two‐centre pilot study (2015)

Digital assessments of caput succedaneum are subjective; however, caput succedaneum can also be expressed as ultrasound measured skin-skull distance (SSD). In this study, we aimed to compare the clinical and ultrasound assessment of caput succedaneum (caput) in nulliparous women in the first stage of labour. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate the repeatability of ultrasound measurements. We observed a significant but low correlation between clinical and ultrasound assessments (Kappa value 0.29; P < 0.01). Interobserver repeatability for SSD showed an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.96 (95% CI, 0.93-0.98). The mean difference for the caput measurements was -0.4 mm (95% CI, -0.85 to 0.05), and limits of agreement were -3.44 to 2.64 mm. We conclude that ultrasound measured SSD is an objective expression of caput with significant correlation with clinical assessment.
ALPSS: A millimetre-wave aperture-coupled patchantenna on a substrate lens (1997)

The feasibility of millimetre-wave (mm-wave) aperture-coupled patch antennas, printed at the back surface of substrate-lenses is demonstrated and the corresponding radiation characteristics are investigated. A specific realisation of such an air-lens-patch-slot-strip (ALPSS) antenna on a low-permittivity ɛr = 4.0 extended hemispherical lens substrate is theoretically and experimentally characterised at 70 GHz. It is demonstrated that the ALPSS antenna exhibits clean, axially symmetric patterns of low cross-polarisation (–26 dB), a directivity of 30.4 dB and the 3 dB pattern full-beamwidth remains within 6°–5° between 60–80 GHz. In addition, a very-high front-to-back (F/B) ratio, of the order of 50 dB is measured at 70 GHz, despite the absence of a backing ground-plane. The ALPSS antenna is well suited for low-cost broadband point-to-point communications and collision avoidance applications.
Differential Distribution of Hepatitis B Core and E Antigens in Hepatocytes: Analysis by Monoclonal Antibodies (1986)

Current knowledge on the expression of HBeAg in hepatocytes is incomplete because of difficulties in obtaining monospecific antisera devoid of anti-HBc reactivity. In this study, we have examined by immunofluorescence the expression of HBcAg and HBeAg in cryostat liver sections from 25 chronic carriers of HBsAg using monoclonal antibodies. Although virtually all liver biopsies displayed concordance for HBeAg and HBcAg expression, the pattern of fluorescence differed markedly. Thus, monoclonal anti-HBc gave nuclear staining in all 13 reactive biopsies, while cytoplasmic staining was observed in only two of these. In contrast, monoclonal anti-HBe showed cytoplasmic reactivity coexisting with nuclear reactivity in 10 of 13 reactive biopsies. Hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase activity in the serum appeared to correlate better with the presence of HBcAg in hepatocytes rather than HBeAg. These results provide further evidence that HBeAg is expressed both in the nuclei and in the cytoplasm of infected hepatocytes. The observation that the number of cells expressing HBeAg exceeds those expressing HBcAg in carriers with active virus replication would suggest that assembly of core particles occurs in only a proportion of infected hepatocytes expressing HBeAg.
Copper-mediated C(sp<sup>3</sup>)–H azidation with Me<sub>3</sub>SiN<sub>3</sub>: synthesis of imidazoles from ketones and aldehydes (2016)

The efficient construction of 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazoles, through a copper-mediated three-component reaction involving ketones, aldehydes, and Me3SiN3, has been developed. During the process, 4 C-N bonds were formed sequentially. Experimental results and DFT calculations suggested that azidation of the alpha methylene group of the ketone was the key C-N bond-forming step.
Diflunisal and ibuprofen: effects on gastric and duodenal mucosa in patients with osteoarthritis. (1989)

Patients with osteoarthritis make up the largest group of users of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), but the effects of these agents on the gastrointestinal mucosa of such patients have not been well studied. This article describes a short-term comparison of two widely used NSAIDs, diflunisal and ibuprofen, in patients requiring these medications for their osteoarthritis. Efficacy, tolerability, and endoscopically documented effects of these drugs on the gastric and duodenal mucosa were assessed. Consenting, eligible patients were randomly assigned to one of the two study drugs for a two-week course. Clinical assessments were made after each week of treatment. Fiberoptic endoscopy and laboratory tests were performed before and after the treatment period. Thirty patients completed the study: 16 received diflunisal and 14 received ibuprofen. Similar improvements in pain, joint mobility, functional capacity, and joint swelling and tenderness were observed in both treatment groups. Transient, mild abdominal cramping was reported by two patients in each group; one patient receiving ibuprofen complained of transient dizziness. No patient withdrew from the study because of side effects. Follow-up endoscopy revealed slight (grade 1) changes in the gastric mucosa of two patients in each treatment group. An additional patient in the ibuprofen group had gastric erosions (grade 2) at the end of the study. Endoscopic changes were not correlated with symptoms. Diflunisal and ibuprofen were found to be similarly effective and well tolerated in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Their use may be associated with some gastrointestinal side effects even during short-term use.
High-level expression of nattokinase in <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> by manipulating signal peptide and signal peptidase (2016)

This study has screened the signal peptides of extracellular proteins of B. licheniformis for nattokinase production. Four kinds of Type I signal peptidases genes have been detected respectively in B. licheniformis to identify which one played the vital role for nattokinase production. This study provided a promising strain for industry production of nattokinase.
Effects of hexagonal warping on surface transport in topological insulators (2011)

We investigate the charge conductivity and current-induced spin polarization of the surface state of a three-dimensional topological insulator by including the hexagonal-warping effect of the Fermi surface in both the classical and quantum diffusion regimes. We present general expressions of conductivity and spin polarization, which are reduced to simple forms for the usual scattering potential. Due to the hexagonal warping, the conductivity and spin polarization show an additional quadratic carrier-density dependence both for the Boltzmann contribution and the quantum correction. In the presence of the warping term, the surface states still reveal weak antilocalization. Moreover, the dielectric function in the random phase approximation is also explored, and we find that it may be momentum-angle-dependent.
[Interaction between TGF-beta1/Smad pathway and ERK pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells]. (2010)

(1) TGF-beta1 can induce Smad2/3 proteins to be phosphorylated dependent on the activated ERK pathway. (2) ERK pathway does not effect the expression of Smad2/3 at the level of protein and mRNA.
Effect of VIP on the balance between cytokines and master regulators of activated helper T cells (2011)

CD4T helper cells are decisive in the struggle against pathogens and in maintaining immune homeostasis. Nevertheless, they also drive immune-mediated disease. Recently, emerging evidence suggests that seemingly committed Th cells possess plasticity and may convert into other types of effector cells. Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) is an immunomodulator neuropeptide, which is able to promote or inhibit individually the differentiation or function of some T-helper subsets. We conducted ex vivo study with erythrocyte-depleted spleen cells from healthy mice to check the balance between cytokines and master regulators of different T-helper subsets. This neuropeptide adversely affected the differentiation and functionality phases of Th17 cells and had a negative influence on cytokines related to Th1 function, increasing Th17 cells over those of the Th1 cell subset. With respect to Th2 subsets, VIP augmented the interleukin (IL)-4/IL-9 mRNA ratio, and a negative correlation between IL-4 and IL-9 was observed in culture supernatants. VIP augmented Th2 relative to Th1 in cell subsets. VIP decreased the iTreg/Th17 balance. Regarding the induced T-regulatory (iTreg)/Th1 balance, VIP increased the presence of immunoregulatory cytokines in relation to IFNγ. Although additional studies are needed to clarify the role of VIP on the balance between cytokines and master regulators during T-helper differentiation, our data show that VIP reduces Th17/Th1 and Th1/Th2 ratios. However, the iTreg/Th17 ratio was differently counterbalanced, probably because of culture conditions. Finally, this is the first study showing that VIP also modulates Th2/Th9 and iTreg/Th1 ratios.
Interaction of Baboon Anti-α-Galactosyl Antibody with Pig Tissues (1999)

As barriers to xenotransplantation are surmounted, such as suppression of hyperacute rejection allowing improved graft survival, it becomes important to define longer-term host-xenograft interactions. To this end we have prepared in baboons high titer anti-alpha-Galactosyl (alphaGal) and anti-porcine aortic endothelial cell antibodies, similar to human natural xenoantibodies and reactive with epitopes of thyroglobulin, laminin, and heparan sulfate proteoglycans. When injected into pigs with a protocol similar to that used in the rat to show the nephritogenic potential of heterologous anti-laminin and anti-heparan sulfate proteoglycan antibodies, baboon immunoglobulins bound first to renal vascular endothelium, and later to interstitial cells, especially fibroblasts and macrophages, and to antigens in basement membranes and extracellular matrix, where they colocalized with laminin- and heparan sulfate proteoglycan-antibodies, and with bound Griffonia simplicifolia B4. A similar binding was observed in other organs. The pigs did not develop an acute complement-dependent inflammation, but rather chronic lesions of the basement membranes and the extracellular matrix. Incubation of renal fibroblasts with baboon anti-alpha-Galactosyl antibodies resulted in increased synthesis of transforming growth factor-beta and collagen, suggesting a possible basis for the fibrotic response. The results demonstrate that in this experimental model a consequence of alphaGal antibody interaction with porcine tissues, is immunoreactivity with alphaGal on matrix molecules and interstitial cells, priming mechanisms leading to fibrosis resembling that in chronic allograft rejection. The possibility that similar lesions may develop in long-surviving pig xenografts is discussed.
Unsymmetrically substituted polyamine analogue induces caspase-independent programmed cell death in Bcl-2-overexpressing cells. (1998)

The polyamine analogue, N1-ethyl-N11-[(cycloheptyl)methyl]-4,8-diazaundecane (CHENSpm)-induced programmed cell death in NCI H157 cells is accompanied by cytochrome c release, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of caspase-3, caspase-mediated poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, G2-M arrest, and DNA and nuclear fragmentation. Overexpression of Bcl-2 completely inhibits CHENSpm-induced cytochrome c release, caspase-3 activation, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. However, Bcl-2 does not abrogate CHENSpm-induced programmed cell death. These results suggest that although cytochrome c release and activation of the caspase-3 protease cascade contribute to the rapid and efficient execution of apoptosis, a caspase cascade-independent pathway also exists and can be activated by CHENSpm treatment.