gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detecting Lateral Motion using Light’s Orbital Angular Momentum (2015)

Abstract Interrogating an object with a light beam and analyzing the scattered light can reveal kinematic information about the object, which is vital for applications ranging from autonomous vehicles to gesture recognition and virtual reality. We show that by analyzing the change in the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of a tilted light beam eclipsed by a moving object, lateral motion of the object can be detected in an arbitrary direction using a single light beam and without object image reconstruction. We observe OAM spectral asymmetry that corresponds to the lateral motion direction along an arbitrary axis perpendicular to the plane containing the light beam and OAM measurement axes. These findings extend OAM-based remote sensing to detection of non-rotational qualities of objects and may also have extensions to other electromagnetic wave regimes, including radio and sound.
Frequency-dependent optical pumping in atomic Λ-systems (2001)

We consider the effects of optical pumping on the conversion of laser-frequency modulation into intensity modulation by an atomic absorption line in a vapor of alkali atoms driven in a ?-configuration. It is found that, due to optical pumping in combination with the excited-state hyperfine structure, the absorption line shape is distorted substantially as the Fourier frequency of the FM is changed. The most significant effect of the distortion is a shift of the apparent line center, which depends on how the frequency of the modulation compares with the optical pumping rate. This shift has implications for locking lasers to atomic transitions and also for FM-AM noise conversion in atomic vapors.
Design of inductor winding capacitance cancellation for EMI suppression (2006)

In this paper, the parasitics in both DM and CM inductors are first discussed. The methods for both DM and CM inductor winding capacitance cancellation are then proposed. Prototypes are designed and tested, using network analyzer. Finally, the prototypes are applied to practical power converters and EMI is measured. Both small signal measurement and practical EMI measurement prove that the proposed methods can efficiently reduce the effects of winding capacitance and therefore improve the inductor's filtering performance.
Calibration Phantom/Software for Dynamic Contrast MR/CT Imaging (2010)

This phantom/software system allows for the calibration and verification of Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE) CT and MRI techniques to account for orientation and respiratory motion. A variety of highcontrast vessels are simulated in the phantom with motion and results from the analysis are used to verify the accuracy of DCE measurement techniques. This system can be used for routine QA (daily, monthly, yearly) calibration and at equipment commissioning. The phantom and software are available for exclusive licensing
Off-axis digital holographic camera for quantitative phase microscopy (2014)

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a digital holographic camera which can be attached to the camera port of a conventional microscope for obtaining digital holograms in a self-reference configuration, under short coherence illumination and in a single shot. A thick holographic grating filters the beam containing the sample information in two dimensions through diffraction. The filtered beam creates the reference arm of the interferometer. The spatial filtering method, based on the high angular selectivity of the thick grating, reduces the alignment sensitivity to angular displacements compared with pinhole based Fourier filtering. The addition of a thin holographic grating alters the coherence plane tilt introduced by the thick grating so as to create high-visibility interference over the entire field of view. The acquired full-field off-axis holograms are processed to retrieve the amplitude and phase information of the sample. The system produces phase images of cheek cells qualitatively similar to phase images extracted with a standard commercial DHM.
A Coagulation Method for Preparation of Pellet Particles from Polymer Latex [Translated]<sup>†</sup> (1989)

A new coagulation method which consists of two stages the generation of seed particles and growth of particles, was developed for the preparation of pellet-like particles from polymer latex. In this report, first the mechanism of this coagulation was studied through an examination of the coagulating velocity during each stage. Then, the pellet-like particles were characterized by a SEM observation of the inside of a particle and measurement of particle properties. As a result, experimental equations on the amount of generated seed particles and rate of growth of the particles were obtained. The phenomena in which the latex particles inside the coagulated particle are packed closely by drying and are fused homogeneously by sintering, was confirmed.† This report was originally printed in J. Soc. Powder Technology, Japan, 24(11), 700-706 (1987) in Japanese, before being translated into English by KONA Editorial Committee with the permission of the editorial committee of the Soc. Powder Technology, Japan.
High-Resolution On-Chip <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S$ </tex-math> </inline-formula>-Band Radar System Using Stretch Processing (2016)

In this paper, an S-band radar system that uses stretch processing is developed at the chip level. The novelty in this paper lies in providing an integrated, compact and miniaturized high-performance S-band radar system chipset. The radar has many characteristics that ensure high performance: 1) a wide bandwidth signal (600 MHz) that provides high resolution to distinguish between close objects; 2) an usage of stretch processing, which dramatically reduces the required sampling rates and relaxes the specifications of analog-to-digital converters; 3) high dynamic range (58 dB) that allows weak signals to be detected from targets masked by the high levels of clutter (such as snow and rain); 4) multiple receiver channels that enable digital antenna beamforming at the receiver to mitigate any strong interferer; and 5) operation in the S-band (2-4 GHz) that provides high immunity against clutter in long range surveillance applications. The architecture study revealed a super-hetrodyne modulator and receiver architecture offered the best solution. The high-order filters were pushed off-chip to reduce silicon area, reduce power consumption, and improve filtering results. The circuit-level design focused on designing the receiver blocks. The design included a high linearity quad passive mixer, IF cascode and common source amplifiers, and a negative-gm voltage controlled oscillator. The total receiver system of the radar chipset was designed and simulated at the circuit level on IBM 180-nm CMOS technology. To the best knowledge of the authors, this is the first integrated and smallest high-performance S-band radar to be designed.
Adaptive beamforming algorithms for wireless link layer multicasting (2011)

The proliferation of mobile applications and services involving group communications has increased the need for efficient wireless multicasting solutions in next generation broadband access networks. The availability of antenna arrays at the base stations makes adaptive beamforming especially attractive for multicasting; with beamforming, the received signal strength at the clients can be significantly improved. However, the problem of designing optimal transmit beamformers for multicast applications is challenging, mainly due to its non-convex nature. In this work, we design efficient transmit beamformers for wireless link layer multicasting where instantaneous channel state information is available at the transmitter. In addressing the non-convexity of the problem, we design non-iterative, near-optimal beamforming algorithms based on the optimality conditions derived from its Lagrangian formulation. We show that for real channels, e.g, where Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) is used, the optimal solution can be obtained. To address the effectiveness of the proposed solution for the complex channel, we also derive an upper bound on the multicast rate based on the dual formulation of the problem. Evaluations reveal that our algorithms deliver a performance that is close to the upper bound, while significantly improving the multicast rate over state of the art solutions.
Radiobiological effect based treatment plan optimization with the linear quadratic model (2010)

As an approach towards more biology-oriented treatment planning for external beam radiation therapy, we present the incorporation of local radiation damage models into three dimensional treatment planning. This allows effect based instead of dose based plan optimization which could potentially better match the biologically relevant tradeoff between target and normal tissues. In particular, our approach facilitates an effective comparison of different fractionation schemes. It is based on the linear quadratic model to describe the biological radiation effect. Effect based optimization was integrated into our inverse treatment planning software KonRad, and we demonstrate the resulting differences between conventional and biological treatment planning. Radiation damage can be analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively in dependence of the fractionation scheme and tissue specific parameters in a three dimensional voxel based system. As an example the potential advantages as well as the associated risks of hypofractionation for prostate cancer are analyzed and visualized with the help of effective dose volume histograms. Our results suggest a very conservative view regarding alternative fractionation schemes since uncertainties in biological parameters are still too big to make reliable clinical predictions.
Zero-Shot Event Detection by Multimodal Distributional Semantic\n Embedding of Videos (2015)

We propose a new zero-shot Event Detection method by Multi-modal\nDistributional Semantic embedding of videos. Our model embeds object and action\nconcepts as well as other available modalities from videos into a\ndistributional semantic space. To our knowledge, this is the first Zero-Shot\nevent detection model that is built on top of distributional semantics and\nextends it in the following directions: (a) semantic embedding of multimodal\ninformation in videos (with focus on the visual modalities), (b) automatically\ndetermining relevance of concepts/attributes to a free text query, which could\nbe useful for other applications, and (c) retrieving videos by free text event\nquery (e.g., "changing a vehicle tire") based on their content. We embed videos\ninto a distributional semantic space and then measure the similarity between\nvideos and the event query in a free text form. We validated our method on the\nlarge TRECVID MED (Multimedia Event Detection) challenge. Using only the event\ntitle as a query, our method outperformed the state-of-the-art that uses big\ndescriptions from 12.6% to 13.5% with MAP metric and 0.73 to 0.83 with ROC-AUC\nmetric. It is also an order of magnitude faster.\n
How to Get Them a Dream Job? (2016)

This paper proposes an approach to applying standardized entity data to improve job search quality and to make search results more personalized. Specifically, we explore three types of entity-aware features and incorporate them into the job search ranking function. The first is query-job matching features which extract and standardize entities mentioned in queries and documents, then semantically match them based on these entities. The second type, searcher-job expertise homophily, aims to capture the fact that job searchers tend to be interested in the jobs requiring similar expertise as theirs. To measure the similarity, we use standardized skills in job descriptions and searchers' profiles as well as skills that we infer searchers might have but not explicitly list in their profiles. Third, we propose a concept of entity-faceted historical click-through-rates (CTRs) to capture job document quality. Faceting jobs by their standardized companies, titles, locations, etc., and computing historical CTRs at the facet level instead of individual job level alleviate sparseness issue in historical action data. This is particularly important in job search where job lifetime is typically short. Both offline and online experiments confirm the effectiveness of the features. In offline experiment, using the entity-aware features gives improvements of +20%, +12.1% and +8.3% on [email protected], MRR and [email protected], respectively. Online A/B test shows that a new model with these features is +11.3% and +5.3% better than the baseline in terms of click-through-rate and apply rate.
Platinum Monolayer on Nonnoble Metal−Noble Metal Core−Shell Nanoparticle Electrocatalysts for O<sub>2</sub>Reduction (2005)

We synthesized a new class of O2 electrocatalysts with a high activity and very low noble metal content. They consist of Pt monolayers deposited on the surfaces of carbon-supported nonnoble metal-noble metal core-shell nanoparticles. These core-shell nanoparticles were formed by segregating the atoms of the noble metal on to the nanoparticles' surfaces at elevated temperatures. A Pt monolayer was deposited by galvanic displacement of a Cu monolayer deposited at underpotentials. The mass activity of all the three Pt monolayer electrocatalysts investigated, viz., Pt/Au/Ni, Pt/Pd/Co, and Pt/Pt/Co, is more than order of magnitude higher than that of a state-of-the-art commercial Pt/C electrocatalyst. Geometric effects in the Pt monolayer and the effects of PtOH coverage, revealed by electrochemical data, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy data, appear to be the source of the enhanced catalytic activity. Our results demonstrated that high-activity electrocatalysts can be devised that contain only a fractional amount of Pt and a very small amount of another noble metal.
Monoclonal Antibodies to Human Colorectal Tumor-Associated Antigens: Improved Elicitation and Subclass Restriction (1984)

Monoclonal antibodies to tumor-associated antigens (TAA) of human colorectal cancer were elicited using immunosorbents of lectins combined with peripheral protein extracts of xenografted colon adenocarcinoma. This method of immunization was compared with whole cells from surgical specimens and to crude membranes from xenografted tumors. The immunosorbent immunogens were superior to the other immunogens in three ways: (1) the number of hybrids reactive with colon tumor cells or extracts, but not with lymphoid cells or extracts, (2) the number of stable hybrids after cloning, and (3) the number of hybridoma clones reactive with tissue sections of colon tumors, but not normal colonic mucosa. In addition, lectin immunosorbents elicited primarily IgG antibodies, especially IgG3, with almost 50% of the clones of interest reacting to seemingly less immunogenic glycoproteins. The improved elicitation of monoclonal antibodies to TAA by the use of lectin immunosorbents and peripheral protein extracts has considerable potential for generating reagents useful in diagnosis and therapy of human tumors.
Synthesis mechanism of grain-oriented lead-free piezoelectric Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3–BaTiO3 ceramics with giant piezoelectric response (2013)

In this paper, we report the synthesis of [001]pc/[012]Rh (pc: pseudo cubic, Rh: rhombohedral) grain oriented lead-free piezoelectric 0.93(Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3)–0.07BaTiO3 (NBT–BT) ceramic with Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 (NBT) as the seed template. The difference in surface energy along with the chemical potential gradient between the stable NBT seeds and the metastable liquid phase was the driving force for the growth of textured grain. Interfaces in the microstructure were found to be coherent at the atomic scale facilitating the domain wall motion with an applied electric field. The strong texturing in [001]pc/[012]Rh was found to result in extra structural distortions manifested by a decreasing lattice parameter and increasing rhombohedral angle (α). The textured specimen exhibited rather ordered domains with smaller size as compared to its randomly oriented counterpart. The piezoelectric response was found to increase monotonously with the increase in the degree of texturing and the optimized microstructure was found to provide 200% enhancement in the magnitude of piezoelectric coefficient (d33 ∼ 322 pC N−1) as compared to its randomly oriented form (d33 ∼ 160 pC N−1).
Large-volume Centrifugal Microfluidic device for Whole Blood Sample Preparation (2010)

This paper reports a novel centrifugal microfluidic device for integrated sample preparation of large-volume whole blood samples for nucleic acid analysis. We present a device capable of processing 2 milliliters of undiluted blood while still allowing for the integration with downstream amplification and detection steps. In biological validation experiments, this device was shown to yield separated plasma samples with high purity (&lt; 99.99%) in less than half the time of gold standard hospital techniques. We further propose the need for heightened emphasis placed on the development of ??TAS devices capable of interfacing with large-volume samples.
Evaluation of Algorithms for Orientation Invariant Inertial Gait Matching (2018)

With the prevalent use of smart phones in sensitive applications, unobtrusive methods for continuously verifying the identity of the user have become critical. The embedded inertial sensors in these devices provide an opportunity to develop authentication processes based on behavioral biometrics such as gait. However, one major obstacle is that the orientation of the device relative to the user is hard to control and difficult to determine reliably. This paper presents five methods: magnitude (MAG), principal component analysis (PCA), vector cross product (VCP), reduced gait dynamics image (rGDI), and Kabsch alignment (KAB) that make the authentication process independent of device orientation and hence improve the performance. The five methods are evaluated and compared on two large, publicly available, inertial gait datasets. The baseline (orientation dependent) average equal error rate (EER) when the device was freely oriented is 26.4%. The MAG, PCA, VCP, and rGDI methods reduce the average EER to approximately 23%. The Kabsch (KAB) method is more effective and reduces the average EER to 20.2%.
<title>Fiber optic sensor for simultaneous oxygen saturation and blood pressure measurement</title> (1992)

This paper presents preliminary sensor designs and reports initial test results for the implementation of real-time simultaneous oxygen saturation and blood pressure measurement. Closed-lumen catheter-type in-vivo sensing schemes incorporate a proven, well-established distal-tipped fiberoptic pressure sensor. Spectroscopic oxygen saturation determination is multiplexed with pressure sensing in a shared transceiver approach, and oxygen saturation sensitivity may be enhanced via synchronous pressure detection. Operating principles for pressure and oxygen saturation measurement are described, and various catheter side-port oxygen saturation sensor designs are explored. Experimental methods and results are presented, and sensor sensitivity is examined.
Fenfluramine and Fluoxetine Spare Protein Consumption While Suppressing Caloric Intake by Rats (1977)

The effects of fenfluramine and other sanorectic drugs on the consumption of both protein and total calories by rats given simultaneous access to two isocaloric diets containing 5 or 45 percent casein were examined. Anorectic doses of fenfluramine failed to decrease protein intake but increased the proportion of total dietary calories represented by protein. In contrast, anorectic doses of d-amphetamine decreased protein and calorie consumption proportionately. Subanorectic doses of fenfluramine also increased the proportion of caloric intake represented by protein among animals given prior treatment with the serotonin precursor tryptophan. Fluoxetine, a drug that blocks reuptake of serotonin, similarly spared protein consumption while reducing caloric intake. These observations indicate that two distinct brain mechanisms, sensitive to different drugs, underlie the elective consumption of protein and calories.
PRESENTATION OF HETEROLOGOUS PEPTIDES ON PLANT VIRUSES: Genetics, Structure, and Function (1997)

Capsid proteins of a number of plant viruses are permissive to genetic modifications in which foreign polypeptides are inserted in exposed loops or at their C termini. Plant viruses with these genetic alterations often grow at wild-type levels, providing gram quantities of modified viruses. Presented polypeptides studied most extensively correspond to antigenic epitopes of animal viruses and in some cases appropriately altered plant viruses generate neutralizing antibodies to the cognate animal virus when the plant virus is used as a vaccine. Structure-based analyses of these animal-plant virus chimeras have led to rational alterations to the presentation in efforts to increase the efficacy of the presented peptide.
MR image reconstruction from half the data using a phase map (1989)

Abstract This paper describes a method of image reconstruction from approximately half the data in the measurement space, as a means to reduce the measurement time in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In the conventional method, the property of the data where the image is of a real value, is utilized. Consequently, it is not applicable to the case where the image contains a large phase distortion. This paper derives first the theoretical relation among the measured data for the image with arbitrary phase. The condition is shown for the image to be reconstructed using the phase information from the partially measured data. Then a recurrence formula is derived by which the remaining unknown data can be determined by fast‐Fourier transform. By the proposed method, the image can be reconstructed from approximately half the data, including the data needed to estimate the phase. As a result of the simulation and volunteer experiments, it was verified that a satisfactory image can be reconstructed from approximately 53 percent of the data.
Tessellation of Curved Surfaces under Highly Varying Transformations (1991)

We pursue the problem of step size determination for tessellating arbitrary degree polynomial and rational Bezier patches, under highly varying modeling and viewing transformations, to within post-viewing size and/or deviation thresholds specified in display coordinates. The technique involves the computation of derivative bounds of surfaces in modeling coordinates, and the mapping of these bounds into world coordinates (or lighting coordinates), where tessellation takes place by using norms of modeling transformations. A key result of this work is a closed form expression for the maximum scale a perspective transformation is capable of at an arbitrary point in space. This result allows the mapping of thresholds from DC into WC (LC). In practice, while the step size determination needs to take place during every traversal, the costly operations of finding derivative bounds, computing norms of modeling transformations, and factoring viewing transformations take place at creation time.