gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Formal Vinyl C���H Activation and Allylic Oxidation by Olefin Metathesis (2002)

Stereoselective and chemoselective olefin cross metathesis can be viewed as a highly selective and efficient set of reactions that provide the same products as would selective CH activation and allylic oxidation (see scheme for an example). More active catalyst systems will provide an efficient process to functionalized products from readily available olefins. Cy=cyclohexyl.
Exploiting the Interactions of Chemical and Visual Cues in Behavioral Control Measures for Pest Tephritid Fruit Flies (1998)

Nancy D. Epsky, Robert R. Heath, Exploiting the Interactions of Chemical and Visual Cues in Behavioral Control Measures for Pest Tephritid Fruit Flies, The Florida Entomologist, Vol. 81, No. 3 (Sep., 1998), pp. 273-282
Towards a Theory of Penetration-Resistant Systems and Its Applications (1992)

A theoretical foundation for penetration analysis of computer systems is presented, which is based on a hypothesis and a set of formalized design properties that characterize penetration resistance. By separating the policy-enforcement mechanisms of
Development of a Second Generation Monoclonal Single Chain Variable Fragment Antibody against Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus: Expression and Functional Analysis (2002)

We have generated a single chain variable fragment (ScFv) antibody from a well-characterized monoclonal antibody (MAb) against Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEE), by cloning variable regions of the heavy (V(H)) and the light (V(L)) chain antibody genes, connected by a DNA linker, in phagemid expression vector pCANTAB 5 E. MAb 1A4A1 was successfully cloned as a ScFv in Escherichia coli strain TG-1 and expressed as a approximately 30 kDa ScFv protein which was functional in recognizing VEE by ELISA. Results were reproduced in Escherichia coli strain HB2151 where the same clone, designated A116, was expressed primarily as soluble periplasmic protein. The 30 kDa A116 antibody displayed weak binding specificity to VEE antigen. Sequence analysis revealed a frame shift in the N-terminal region of the V(L) domain, upstream to the complementarity-determining region 1 (CDR1), as the probable cause of reduced activity. The protein sequence of A116 was highly homologous to published murine ScFv protein sequences except in the region of the identified frame shift.
The detection of renal carcinoma cells in the peripheral blood with an enhanced reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay for MN/CA9 (1999)

The enhanced RT-PCR assay for MN/CA9 is a highly specific technique for detecting circulating renal carcinoma cells in the peripheral blood, and it may prove useful in the diagnosis and monitoring of RCC.
1,4-Disubstituted 2,6,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octanes: a new class of insecticides (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT1,4-Disubstituted 2,6,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octanes: a new class of insecticidesChristopher J. Palmer and John E. CasidaCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1985, 33, 5, 976–980Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00065a050https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00065a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views111Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>Light distribution from optical fiber diffusers</title> (1993)

We have developed a theoretical model for describing the light intensity distribution of fiber optic diffusers. By using this model the light distribution at any radial distance from fiber axis can be calculated from that of the near field. Different types of fiber diffusers were quantitatively measured and compared with theoretical model.
Pd Nanoparticles Decorated on Jute Sticks: Dip‐Catalyst of Suzuki‐Miyaura and Mizoroki‐Heck C–C Bond Formation Reactions in Water (2019)

Abstract Achieving C−C bond formation using Suzuki‐Miyaura and Mizoroki‐Heck cross‐coupling reactions with reusable, cost‐efficient, highly regioselective, and naturally available supported catalysts is rare and challenging. In the current study, naturally available jute plant sticks (green support ‐ GS) decorated with Pd nanoparticles, denoted as Pd@GS, were prepared by reducing K 2 PdCl 4 using NaBH 4 in water. This ‘dip‐catalyst’ construct was used to catalyze the Suzuki‐Miyaura and Mizoroki‐Heck cross coupling‐reactions in water. SEM, TEM, and elemental mapping images reveal the homogeneous distribution of Pd nanoparticles with average dimensions within a narrow range of 7–10 nm on solid support. For the Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction, the highest conversion achieved is 97% with a TOF of 4692 h −1 for the reaction of 4‐acylphenylboronic acid and iodobenzene in the presence of KOH in an aqueous medium. For the Mizoroki‐Heck reaction, a 98% yield (TOF=237 h −1 ) of the coupling product was obtained with an exclusive selectivity towards the targeted olefinic product using 4‐methylstyrene and iodobenzene as the reactants in water‐DMF as a mixed solvent at 90 °C. The same catalyst sample can be used for 7 consecutive cycles, i. e., without addition of any fresh catalyst, while retaining its original crystallinity without any leaching of Pd.
Blending the telecommunication domain with Web 2.0 services (2010)

To stay competitive, operators of modern telecommunication networks are looking for approaches for efficient service creation which would allow for reduction of time-to-market as well as reduction of development and operation costs. Furthermore, they face increasing demand for service interaction across technological borders including telecom, enterprise and Internet services. Telecommunication networks are service-centric and therefore benefit from generic service composition techniques in accordance to Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) principles. In contrast to the IT domain, services in the telecommunication domain are subject to additional requirements such as support for realtime end-to-end communication sessions. The approach presented in this paper uses a technology-agnostic composition functionality characterized by a high-level abstraction in the description of heterogeneous services, constraint-based dynamic service selection and step-by-step execution of composite application models. In order to better fulfill requirements of the telecommunication domain, the approach includes support for end-to-end communication sessions, integration with IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) as well as support for legacy telecommunication technologies such as Intelligent Networks (IN). The presented approach has become part of Ericsson's products and solutions portfolio. The high-level overview of the concept and the description of the architecture are illustrated by means of a detailed description for one of the converged applications implemented with this approach.
Partial Synthesis of (3<i>R</i>,6‘<i>R</i>)-α-Cryptoxanthin and (3<i>R</i>)-β-Cryptoxanthin from (3<i>R</i>,3‘<i>R</i>,6‘<i>R</i>)-Lutein (2007)

(3R,3'R,6'R)-Lutein (1), (3R,3'R)-zeaxanthin (2), (3R,6'R)-alpha-cryptoxanthin (3), and (3R)-beta-cryptoxanthin (4) are among dietary hydroxycarotenoids that have been identified in human serum, milk, and ocular tissues. While 1 containing 6% of 2 is commercially available, industrial production of optically active 3 and 4 has not yet been accomplished. Several processes have been developed that transform 1 into 3, 4, and minor quantities of (3R,5'RS,6'R)-3',4'-didehydro-5',6'-dihydro-beta,beta-caroten-3-ol (5) (a regioisomer of 3). In one process, lutein (1) was cleanly deoxygenated to 3 in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and Me3N.BH3 in CH2Cl2 at ambient temperature in nearly 90% yield. Reaction of lutein (1) with a Lewis acid (AlCl3, ZnBr2, ZnI2) and a hydride donor (Me3N.BH3, Na[BH3(OCOCF3)], NaCNBH3) in solvents such as CH2Cl2, THF, and TBME produced similar results. In a two-step process, high-temperature acid-catalyzed dehydration of 1 (propanol/water/acid, 90 degrees C) gave a mixture of anhydroluteins 6, 7, and 8 in 86% yield. In the second step, these dehydration products underwent ionic hydrogenation with TFA/Me3N.BH3 in CH2Cl2 to afford a mixture of 3 and 4 in nearly 80% yield that contained only 1% of 5.
Fluorescent Cell Barcoding for Multiplex Flow Cytometry (2011)

Fluorescent cell barcoding (FCB) enables high throughput, high content flow cytometry by multiplexing samples prior to staining and acquisition on the cytometer. Individual cell samples are barcoded, or labeled, with unique signatures of fluorescent dyes so that they can be mixed together, stained, and analyzed as a single sample. By mixing samples prior to staining, antibody consumption is typically reduced 10- to 100-fold. In addition, data robustness is increased through the combination of control and treated samples, which minimizes pipetting error, staining variation, and the need for normalization. Finally, speed of acquisition is enhanced, enabling large profiling experiments to be run with standard cytometer hardware. In this unit, we outline the steps necessary to apply the FCB method to cell lines, as well as primary peripheral blood samples. Important technical considerations, such as choice of barcoding dyes, concentrations, labeling buffers, compensation, and software analysis, are discussed.
Automonous Distributed Optimization Algorithm for Intelligent Lighting System (2004)

In recent years, various types of equipment have become more intelligent. In this research, we propose an intelligent lighting system for providing the necessary illuminance to a desired location and develop autonomous distrivuted optimization algorithm which enables advanced lighting control. Verification tests were conducted using the algorithm in consideration of correlation of lighting and illuminance sensors, and the results showed that the actual illuminance converged to the target illuminance. We also confirmed that the algorithm can respond adaptively to environmental changes and is effective for energy saving.
Input-Aware Flow-Based Computing on Memristor Crossbars With Applications to Edge Detection (2019)

Sneak paths in nanoscale memristor crossbars have traditionally been viewed as a problem in the use of memristor crossbars as non-volatile replacements of traditional volatile RAM memories. We show that the sneak paths in a memristor crossbar can be employed to perform computation that exploits device-level parallelism. Our computation can be performed in the memory and does not require data to be moved between a processor and a memory unit - thereby, avoiding the von Neumann bottleneck. We demonstrate the potential of our approach by applying it to a basic problem in computer vision: edge detection in an image. Our results show that the flow-based computing approach on nanoscale memristor crossbars can be used to obtain high-quality approximations of edge detection. We have synthesized multiple 8 × 8 crossbar circuits for this purpose - a single crossbar circuit for detecting edges between all possible pixel pairs with ~85% accuracy, and another family of input-aware crossbars with higher performance over realworld images. The family of input-aware crossbars together performs approximate edge detection for a subset of pixel pairs obtained from analyzing the BSD500 database, and the resultant images are of a quality comparable to exact edge detection.
Active weld control (1994)

Through the two phases of this contract, sensors for welding applications and parameter extraction algorithms have been developed. These sensors form the foundation of a weld control system which can provide action weld control through the monitoring of the weld pool and keyhole in a VPPA welding process. Systems of this type offer the potential of quality enhancement and cost reduction (minimization of rework on faulty welds) for high-integrity welding applications. Sensors for preweld and postweld inspection, weld pool monitoring, keyhole/weld wire entry monitoring, and seam tracking were developed. Algorithms for signal extraction were also developed and analyzed to determine their application to an adaptive weld control system. The following sections discuss findings for each of the three sensors developed under this contract: (1) weld profiling sensor; (2) weld pool sensor; and (3) stereo seam tracker/keyhole imaging sensor. Hardened versions of these sensors were designed and built under this contract. A control system, described later, was developed on a multiprocessing/multitasking operating system for maximum power and flexibility. Documentation for sensor mechanical and electrical design is also included as appendices in this report.
Subcarrier multiplexed coherent lightwave systems for video distribution (1990)

The application of subcarrier multiplexing techniques to coherent lightwave systems designed for video transmission is described. The theory of the intrinsic receiver sensitivity of multichannel coherent SCM (subcarrier multiplexing) systems is presented. Specific implementations of SCM coherent systems transmitting 60 FM video channels and 20 100 Mb/s FSK (frequency shift keying) channels are described. It is shown that a simple phase noise canceling circuit can be implemented, which allows these systems to be built with wide-linewidth DFB (distributed feedback) lasers. Several applications of multichannel coherent SCM systems to video distribution networks are proposed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Selective Surfaces: Quaternary Co(Ni)MoS-Based Chalcogels with Divalent (Pb<sup>2+</sup>, Cd<sup>2+</sup>, Pd<sup>2+</sup>) and Trivalent (Cr<sup>3+</sup>, Bi<sup>3+</sup>) Metals for Gas Separation (2012)

Porous chalcogels with tunable compositions of CoxM1–xMoS4 and NixM1–xMoS4, where M = Pd2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Bi3+, or Cr3+ and x = 0.3–0.7, were synthesized by metathesis reactions between the metal ions and MoS42–. Solvent exchange, counterion removal and CO2 supercritical drying led to the formation of aerogels. All chalcogels exhibited high surface areas (170–510 m2/g) and pore volumes in the 0.56–1.50 cm3/g range. Electron microscopy coupled with nitrogen adsorption measurements suggest the presence of both mesoporosity (2 nm < d < 50 nm) and macroporosity (d > 50 nm, where d is the average pore size). Pyridine adsorption corroborated for the acid character of the aerogels. We present X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic and X-ray scattering evidence that the [MoS4]2– unit does not stay intact when bound to the metals in the chalcogel structure. The Mo6+ species undergoes redox reactions during network assembly, giving rise to Mo4+/5+-containing species where the Mo is bound to sulfide and polysulfide ligands. The chalcogels exhibit high adsorption selectivities for CO2 and C2H6 over H2, N2, and CH4 whereas specific compositions exhibited among the highest CO2 enthalpy of adsorption reported so far for a porous material (up to 47 kJ/mol). The Co-Pb-MoS4 and Co-Cr-MoS4 chalcogels exhibited a 2-fold to 4-fold increase in CO2/H2 selectivity compared to ternary CoMoS4 chalcogels.
Assessment of the Anticonvulsant Effects and Tolerability Profile of Cannabidiol: GW Pharmaceuticals’ Preclinical Program (P4.255) (2015)

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the preclinical anticonvulsant and tolerability profile of cannabidiol (CBD). BACKGROUND: Epilepsy is a chronic disorder affecting ~1[percnt] of the world’s population. ~30[percnt] of epilepsy patients experience pharmacologically intractable seizures and many suffer intolerable or undesirable side-effects. Therefore, there remains an urgent clinical need for additional effective and tolerable treatments. Here, the anticonvulsant effects and tolerability profile of plant derived CBD is described in a battery of in vitro and in vivo models. DESIGN/METHODS: The effect of CBD on status epilepticus-like epileptiform local field potentials (LFPs) induced by 4-aminopyridine application or Mg2+-free conditions in rat hippocampal brain slices was assessed by in vitro multi-electrode array recordings. Additionally, the anticonvulsant profile of CBD in vivo was investigated in five rodent models of seizure: maximal electroshock and audiogenic seizures in mice, and pentylenetetrazole, pilocarpine and penicillin-induced seizures in rats. The effects of CBD in combination with commonly used anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) on rat seizures were also investigated. Finally, CBD’s tolerability profile in rats was investigated using the accelerating rotarod, static beam, grip strength and inclined screen assays. RESULTS: CBD significantly attenuated epileptiform LFPs in vitro. CBD exerted significant anticonvulsant effects in all in vivo models of seizure. Moreover, CBD was well-tolerated and devoid of any negative drug-drug interactions in the pentylenetetrazole and pilocarpine models of seizure when co-administrated with the AEDs: sodium valproate, phenobarbital and ethosuximide. In comparison to these AEDs, CBD did not produce any motor deficits or neurotoxicity in the tolerability assays. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate promising anticonvulsant effects of CBD in a broad range of in vitro and in vivo seizure models and tolerability assays. This suggests that CBD may be a novel therapeutic candidate for a range of human epilepsies, with a potentially favorable tolerability profile, supporting further clinical investigation.
Selective proteolytic activity of the antitumor agent kedarcidin. (1993)

Kedarcidin is a potent antitumor antibiotic chromoprotein, composed of an enediyne-containing chromophore embedded in a highly acidic single chain polypeptide. The chromophore was shown to cleave duplex DNA site-specifically in a single-stranded manner. Herein, we report that in vitro, the kedarcidin apoprotein, which lacks any detectable chromophore, cleaves proteins selectively. Histones that are the most opposite in net charge to the apoprotein are cleaved most readily. Our findings imply that the potency of kedarcidin results from the combination of a DNA damaging-chromophore and a protease-like apoprotein.
Multiplex fluorescence-based primer extension method for quantitative mutation analysis of mitochondrial DNA and its diagnostic application for Alzheimer's disease (1997)

A sensitive and highly reproducible multiplexed primer extension assay is described for quantitative mutation analysis of heterogeneous DNA populations. Wild-type and mutant target DNA are simultaneously probed in competitive primer extension reactions using fluorophor-labeled primers and high fidelity, thermostable DNA polymerases in the presence of defined mixtures of deoxy- and dideoxynucleotides. Primers are differentially extended and the resulting products are distinguished by size and dye label. Wild-type:mutant DNA ratios are determined from the fluorescence intensities associated with electrophoretically resolved reaction products. Multiple nucleotide sites can be simultaneously interrogated with uniquely labeled primers of different lengths. The application of this quantitative technique is shown in the analysis of heteroplasmic point mutations in mitochondrial DNA that are associated with Alzheimer's disease.
A novel method for prevention of intraoperative fracture in cementless hip arthroplasty: vibration analysis during femoral component insertion. (2010)

Emerging minimally invasive surgery (MIS) techniques in hip arthroplasty heralded an increase in intraoperative femoral periprosthetic fractures, likely due to diminished visibility, auditory, and tactile feedback. This study attempts to identify a method to supplement the surgeon's tactile and auditory senses by analyzing vibration characteristics during femoral component impaction. A cementless femoral component was instrumented with accelerometers and a piezoelectric (PZT) patch. Data was obtained during implant impaction into replicate femurs. Acceleration measurements were obtained and signal processing techniques were applied. Metrics were analyzed from PZT excitation data. The two most correlative indices are the frequency of the anti-resonance in the 10.5 to 12 kHz band and the peak magnitude in the 9 to 11 kHz band. Both demonstrate good convergence as the prosthesis is inserted. Impact test data revealed the sum of the acceleration divided by the sum of the impact force demonstrates good convergence with implant insertion. This pattern of convergence indicates these two indices may demonstrate the ability to accurately predict optimal implant seating. This methodology is promising and has the potential to enable intraoperative determination of maximal femoral component seating and provide the surgeon valuable information to potentially prevent intraoperative fractures.
Comparison of clinicians and an artificial neural network regarding accuracy and certainty in performance of visual field assessment for the diagnosis of glaucoma (2012)

Our results indicate that a trained ANN performs at least as well as physicians in assessments of visual fields for the diagnosis of glaucoma.
Switching phenomena of a new type PTC device as a reusable current-limiting fuse operated by dielectrophoresis (2004)

This paper deals with switching phenomena, particularly the OFF to ON state transition, of a new type PTC (positive temperature coefficient) device as a reusable current-limiting fuse operated by dielectrophoresis. This PTC device consists of electrodes, which form a non-uniform electric field, and conducting particles to make and break the conducting path between the electrode gap. Experiments were carried out using Cu particles 50-150 /spl mu/m in diameter and electrodes made of aluminum, evaporated in various shapes such as a spearhead or the teeth of a comb. Cu particles simulate the particles produced after a fuse element is melted and evaporated by an overcurrent. As a result, we achieved a switching operation from the OFF to ON state of a PTC device using dielectrophoresis, and the resistance was found to jump by a factor of 3000. The results suggest that this new type PTC device, operated by dielectrophoresis, can be applied as a reusable current-limiting fuse, in principle.
Multi-Core Fibers for Large Capacity SDM (2011)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text K. Mukasa, K. Imamura, Y. Tsuchida, and R. Sugizaki, "Multi-Core Fibers for Large Capacity SDM," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference/National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference 2011, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2011), paper OWJ1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article