gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Induction of Primary Human T Cell Responses against Hepatitis C Virus-Derived Antigens NS3 or Core by Autologous Dendritic Cells Expressing Hepatitis C Virus Antigens: Potential for Vaccine and Immunotherapy (2006)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific T cell responses have been suggested to play significant role in viral clearance. Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional APCs that play a major role in priming, initiating, and sustaining strong T cell responses against pathogen-derived Ags. DCs also have inherent capabilities of priming naive T cells against given Ags. Recombinant adenoviral vectors containing HCV-derived Core and NS3 genes were used to endogenously express HCV Core and NS3 proteins in human DCs. These HCV Ags expressing DCs were used to prime and stimulate autologous T cells obtained from uninfected healthy donors. The DCs expressing HCV Core or NS3 Ags were able to stimulate T cells to produce various cytokines and proliferate in HCV Ag-dependent manner. Evidence of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses against HCV Core and NS3 generated in vitro were obtained by flow cytometry and Ab blocking experiments. Further, in secondary assays, the T cells primed in vitro exhibited HCV Ag-specific proliferative responses against recombinant protein Ags and also against immunodominant permissive peptide epitopes from HCV Ags. In summary, we demonstrate that the dendritic cells expressing HCV Ags are able to prime the Ag-specific T cells from uninfected healthy individuals in vitro. These studies have implications in designing cellular vaccines, T cell adoptive transfer therapy or vaccine candidates for HCV infection in both prophylactic and therapeutic settings.
L-Ficolin/Mannose-Binding Lectin-Associated Serine Protease Complexes Bind to Group B Streptococci Primarily through <i>N</i> -Acetylneuraminic Acid of Capsular Polysaccharide and Activate the Complement Pathway (2007)

Group B streptococci (GBS) are the most common cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis. Most infants who are colonized with GBS at birth do not develop invasive disease, although many of these uninfected infants lack protective levels of capsular polysaccharide (CPS)-specific antibody. The lectin pathway of complement is a potential mechanism for initiating opsonization of GBS with CPS-specific antibody-deficient serum. In this study, we determined whether mannose-binding lectin (MBL)/MBL-associated serine protease (MASP) complexes and L-ficolin/MASP complexes bind to different strains of GBS to activate the lectin pathway, and we identified the molecules recognized by lectins on the GBS surface. We found that MBL did not bind to any GBS examined, whereas L-ficolin bound to GBS cells of many serotypes. L-ficolin binding to GBS cells correlated with the CPS content in serotypes Ib, III (restriction digestion pattern types III-2 and III-3), and V but not with the group B-specific polysaccharide (GBPS) content or with the lipoteichoic acid (LTA) content. L-ficolin bound to purified CPS and GBPS in a concentration-dependent manner but not to purified LTA. All strains to which L-ficolin/MASP complexes bound consumed C4. When N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuNAc) was selectively removed from GBS cells by treatment with neuraminidase, the reduction in L-ficolin binding was correlated with the amount of NeuNAc removed. Additionally, L-ficolin was able to bind to wild-type strains but was able to bind only weakly to unencapsulated mutants and a mutant strain in which the CPS lacks NeuNAc. We concluded that L-ficolin/MASP complexes bind to GBS primarily through an interaction with NeuNAc of CPS.
Peptide Interactions with Steel Surfaces: Inhibition of Corrosion and Calcium Carbonate Precipitation (1993)

Polyaspartate, a polyanionic peptide analog of an oyster-shell protein fraction, inhibited corrosion of AISI 1018 mild steel (UNS G10180) in seawater in a dose-dependent manner. A maximal inhibition of ≈ 60% was obtained at a concentration of 100 μg mL−1. Related peptides containing hydrophobic and/or phosphorylated amino acids had corrosion inhibition activities similar to or lower than polyaspartate in fresh and brackish waters. Binding studies demonstrated polyaspartate bound to mild steel in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Evidence for stainless steel (SS) binding was based on inhibition of calcium carbonate precipitation on the SS surface.
The probability of a subspace swap in the SVD (1995)

We extend the work of Tufts, Kot, and Vaccaro (TKV) published in 1980, to improve the analytical characterization of threshold breakdown in SVD methods. Our results sharpen the TKV results by lower bounding the probability of a subspace swap in the SVD. Our key theoretical result is the characteristic function for a random variable whose probability of exceeding zero bounds the probability of a threshold breakdown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Disruption of IcsP, the major <i>Shigella</i> protease that cleaves IcsA, accelerates actin‐based motility (1997)

Shigella pathogenesis involves bacterial invasion of colonic epithelial cells and movement of bacteria through the cytoplasm and into adjacent cells by means of actin-based motility. The Shigella protein IcsA (VirG) is unipolar on the bacterial surface and is both necessary and sufficient for actin-based motility. IcsA is inserted into the outer membrane as a 120-kDa polypeptide that is subsequently slowly cleaved, thereby releasing the 95-kDa amino-terminal portion into the culture supernatant. IcsP, the major Shigella protease that cleaves IcsA, was identified and cloned. It has significant sequence similarity to the E. coli serine proteases, OmpP and OmpT. Disruption of icsP in serotype 2a S. flexneri leads to a marked reduction in IcsA cleavage, increased amounts of IcsA associated with the bacterium and altered distribution of IcsA on the bacterial surface. The icsP mutant displays significantly increased rates of actin-based motility, with a mean speed 27% faster than the wild-type strain; moreover, a significantly greater percentage of the icsP mutant moves in the cytoplasm. Yet, plaque formation on epithelial monolayers by the mutant was not altered detectably. These data suggest that IcsA, and not a host protein, is limiting in the rate of actin-based motility of wild-type serotype 2a S. flexneri.
Promising Antituberculosis Activity of the Oxazolidinone PNU-100480 Relative to That of Linezolid in a Murine Model (2008)

Oxazolidinone antibiotics have activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Linezolid, the only marketed oxazolidinone, has been used off-label in combination regimens to treat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, but its precise contribution to the efficacy of such combinations is unclear. Another oxazolidinone, PNU-100480, has been demonstrated to have more potent activity in vitro and in a murine model of tuberculosis. In this study, we compared the pharmacokinetics and the antituberculosis activities of these two oxazolidinones over a range of doses and found that linezolid has limited activity at clinically relevant doses in the murine model compared to that of PNU-100480, which has potent bactericidal activity, even at lower drug exposures. These findings were unexpected, given the similar in vitro activities of PNU-100480, its major metabolites, and linezolid. Moreover, the incorporation of PNU-100480 dramatically improved the bactericidal activities of regimens containing current first-line antituberculosis drugs and moxifloxacin. For example, the addition of PNU-100480 (100 mg/kg of body weight/day) to the standard daily regimen of rifampin (rifampicin), isoniazid, and pyrazinamide resulted in an additional 2.0-log(10)-unit reduction in lung CFU counts during the first 2 months of treatment. The combination of PNU-100480, moxifloxacin, and pyrazinamide, which does not contain either rifampin or isoniazid, was also more active than rifampin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide. These results suggest that PNU-100480 may have the potential to significantly shorten the duration of therapy for drug-susceptible as well as multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
Therapeutic Supplementation of Caprylic Acid in Feed Reduces <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> Colonization in Broiler Chicks (2008)

Poultry colonized with Campylobacter species are a significant source of human food-borne illness. The therapeutic use of the medium chain fatty acid caprylic acid consistently reduced enteric C. jejuni colonization in chicks by 3 to 4 logs in three separate trials. These results support caprylic acid's potential to reduce Campylobacter carriage in poultry.
High-performance racetrack resonator in silicon nitride - thin film lithium niobate hybrid platform (2019)

In this paper, we propose an electro-optic modulator design in a hybrid Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>-X-cut LiNbO<sub>3</sub>. The modulator is based on a modified racetrack resonator and performs at both DC and heightened frequencies. Here the driving electrodes are defined along the straight section of the racetrack. This is done to maximize modulation and minimize modulation-cancelation that occurs in a conventional X-cut LiNbO<sub>3</sub>-based resonator due to the directional change of the electric field in the micro-ring. The single bus racetrack resonator is formed in a hybrid Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>-LiNbO<sub>3</sub> platform, to guide the optical mode. The fabricated device is characterized and has a measured tunability and intrinsic quality factor (Q) of 2.9 pm/V and 1.3 × 10<sup>5</sup>, respectively. In addition, the proposed racetrack device exhibits enhanced electro-optic conversion efficiency at modulation frequencies that match with the racetrack's optical free spectral range (FSR). For example, at the modulation frequency of 25 GHz, which corresponds to the fabricated device's optical FSR frequency, a ∼10 dB increase in electro-optic conversion efficiency is demonstrated. With the enhancement, our measured device demonstrates a conversion efficiency comparable to non-resonant thin-film LiNbO<sub>3</sub> devices that possess RF electrodes that are 10 times longer in length.
Towards Opportunistic Fair Scheduling in Wireless Networks (2006)

Opportunistic transmission scheduling schemes improve system capacity by taking advantage of independent time varying channels in wireless networks. In the design of such scheduling schemes, the fairness criterion plays an important role in the tradeoff of total system capacity and the achievable throughput of individual users. To meet different fairness demands with a unified opportunistic scheduling scheme, in this paper, we have extended the well known opportunistic scheduling scheme PFS into αPFS, which satisfies arbitrary fairness demands, varying from proportional fairness to maxmin fairness, through adjusting the parameter α. To further improve the achievable diversity gains of αPFS, we extend the αPFS scheme into an αPFS-P scheme. Performances of αPFS and αPFS-P are studied and compared. As demonstrated in the simulation results, both αPFS and αPFS-P can achieve adjustable fairness criteria, varying from proportional fairness to max-min fairness. Compared with αPFS, αPFS-P achieves higher diversity gains with degraded short term performance, which is still better than the performance of PFS.
Configurations for the complex-internal-reflection (c.i.r.) light modulator (1979)

For a complex-internal-reflection (c.i.r.) light modulator it is shown that, with a particular electrode design, the effects of electrode metallisation upon the surface reflecting properties can be modified so as not to interfere with the modulated signals.
Time Dependent Theory for Random Lasers (2000)

A model to simulate the phenomenon of random lasing is presented. It couples Maxwell's equations with the rate equations of electronic population in a disordered system. Finite difference time domain methods are used to obtain the field pattern and the spectra of localized lasing modes inside the system. A critical pumping rate P(c)(r) exists for the appearance of the lasing peaks. The number of lasing modes increases with the pumping rate and the length of the system. There is a lasing mode repulsion. This property leads to a saturation of the number of modes for a given size system and a relation between the localization length xi and average mode length L(m).
Dietary Methionine Restriction Increases Fat Oxidation in Obese Adults with Metabolic Syndrome (2011)

Sixteen weeks of dietary MR in subjects with metabolic syndrome produced a shift in fuel oxidation that was independent of the weight loss, decreased adiposity, and improved insulin sensitivity that was common to both diets.
Control of osteopontin signaling and function by post‐translational phosphorylation and protein folding (2007)

Osteopontin (OPN) plays roles in a variety of cellular processes from bone resorption and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling to immune cell activation and inhibition of apoptosis. Because it binds receptors (integrins, CD44 variants) typically engaged by ECM molecules, OPN acts as a "soluble" ECM molecule. A persistent theme throughout the characterization of how OPN functions has been the importance of phosphorylation. The source of the OPN used in specific experiments and the location of modified sites is an increasingly important consideration for OPN research. We review briefly some of the ways OPN impacts on the biology of mammalian systems with an emphasis on the importance of serine phosphorylation in modulating its signaling ability. We describe experiments that support the hypothesis that differences in the post-translational phosphorylation of OPN expressed by different cell types regulate how it impacts on target cells. Analyses of OPN's potential secondary structure reveal a possible beta-sheet conformation that offers an interpretation of certain experimental observations, specifically the effect of thrombin cleavage; it is consistent with an interaction between the C-terminal region of the protein and the central integrin-binding RGD sequence.
Characterizing pattern structures using X-ray reflectivity (2007)

Specular X-ray reflectivity (SXR) can be used, in the limit of the effective medium approximation (EMA), as a highresolution shape metrology for periodic patterns on a planar substrate. The EMA means that the density of the solid pattern and the space separating the periodic patterns are averaged together. In this limit the density profile as a function of pattern height obtained by SXR can be used to extract quantitative pattern profile information. Here we explore the limitations of SXR as a pattern shape metrology by studying a series of linear grating structures with periodicities ranging from 300 nm to 16 &mgr;m. The applicability of the EMA is related to the coherence length of the Xray source. For our slit-collimated X-ray source, the coherence length in the direction parallel to the long axis of the slit is on the order of 900 nm while the coherence along the main axis of the beam appears to be much greater than 16 &mgr;m. Limitations of the SXR pattern shape metrology are discussed and examples of determining quantitative pattern profiles provided.
Information Security Governance control through comprehensive policy architectures (2011)

Information Security Governance has become one of the key focus areas of strategic management due to its importance in the overall protection of the organization's information assets. A properly implemented Information Security Governance framework should ideally facilitate the implementation of (directing), and compliance to (control), Strategic level management directives. These Strategic level management directives are normally interpreted, disseminated and implemented by means of a series of information security related policies. These policies should ideally be disseminated and implemented from the Strategic management level, through the Tactical level to the Operational level where eventual execution takes place. Control is normally exercised by capturing data at the lowest levels of execution and measuring compliance against the Operational level policies. Through statistical and summarized analyses of the Operational level data into higher levels of extraction, compliance at the Tactical and Strategic levels can be facilitated. This scenario of directing and controlling defines the basis of sound Information Security Governance. Unfortunately, information security policies are normally not disseminated onto the Operational level. As a result, proper controlling is difficult and therefore compliance measurement against all information security policies might be problematic. The objective of this paper is to argue towards a more complete information security policy architecture that will facilitate complete control, and therefore compliance, to ensure sound Information Security Governance.
Engineering Biomimetic Platforms of in vivo-like Microenvironments for Modeling of Cellular Functions (2019)

생체 내 세포는 조직 내 다양한 구조적 특성을 포함하는 미세환경에 노출되어 있다. 세포는 이러한 주변의 미세환경에 민감하게 반응하여 세포의 형태가 달라질 뿐만 아니라 기능 또한 크게 조절된다. 이러한 세포의 특성 때문에 생체 내 조직의 물리적 특성과 미세환경을 재현해낸 플랫폼의 개발이 세포의 형태 및 기능을 이해하는 도구로서 최근 각방 받고 있다. 더불어 세포 미세경을 모사한 플랫폼의 활용은 기존의 생물학적 기법만으로 이해하기 어려웠던 생체 내와 같은 세포 형태 및 기능의 메커니즘 규명을 가능하게 한다. 본 리뷰에서는 세포의 형태와 기능을 모델링 하기 위한 생체 내 미세환경 모사 플랫폼 제작의 다양한 공학적 기법(전기방사, 리소그래피, 에칭, 3D 프린팅, 하이드로젤 가공 등)에 대한 발전을 소개하고, 이러한 공학적 기법을 기반으로 제작된 미세환경 모사 플랫폼을 통한 세포의 형태와 기능 모델링의 최신 연구를 소개한다. 또한 세포 기능 모델링을 위한 생체 내 미세환경 모사 공학 플랫폼의 전망 및 이의 응용에 대하여 논의한다.
Data Association And Tracking From Acoustic Doppler And Magnetic Measurements (1996)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Trieste, Italy, 1996
Pharmacological studies of panacis japonici rhizoma. II. (1977)

Pharmacological properties attributed to Panacis Japonici Rhizoma (PJR) in Chinese medicine in Japan in terms of its usage as a drug for gastroenteric disorders, antipyretic, antitussive, expectorant and antiinflammatory drug, were studied. Chikusetsusaponin III was especially remarkable as it had antipyretic, antitussive, expectorative and antiedemic activities, increased intestinal motility, and prevented stress ulcers. Chikusetsusaponin IV showed expectorative action, protection against stress ulcers and acceleration of intestinal motility. Chikusetsusaponin V showed antiedemic activity. The substance giving protective effect against gastric secretion was found in the butanol layer but was not recognized in the saponins. Increased effect of intestinal motility was recognized in aqueous extract.
Delta-like 4 Notch Ligand Regulates Tumor Angiogenesis, Improves Tumor Vascular Function, and Promotes Tumor Growth <i>In vivo</i> (2007)

The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a key role in tumor angiogenesis. However, clinical trials targeting the VEGF pathway are often ineffective, suggesting that other factors/pathways are also important in tumor angiogenesis. We have previously shown that the Notch ligand Delta-like 4 (DLL4) is up-regulated in tumor vasculature. Here, we show that DLL4, when expressed in tumor cells, functions as a negative regulator of tumor angiogenesis by reducing the number of blood vessels in all five types of xenografts, but acts as a positive driver for tumor growth in two of them (human glioblastoma and prostate cancer). The growth of in vivo models was not related to the effects on growth in vitro. DLL4 expressed in the tumor cells activated Notch signaling in host stromal/endothelial cells, increased blood vessel size, and improved vascular function within tumors. The promotion of tumor growth was, to some extent, due to a reduction of tumor hypoxia and apoptosis. DLL4-expressing tumor cells responded to anti-VEGF therapy with bevacizumab. A soluble form of DLL4 (D4ECD-Fc) blocked tumor growth in both bevacizumab-sensitive and bevacizumab-resistant tumors by disrupting vascular function despite increased tumor vessel density. In addition, we show that DLL4 is up-regulated in tumor cells and tumor endothelial cells of human glioblastoma. Our findings provide a rational basis for the development of novel antiangiogenic strategies via blockade of DLL4/Notch signaling and suggest that combined approaches for interrupting both DLL4 and VEGF pathways may improve antiangiogenic therapy.
Organic-inorganic materials for integrated optoelectronics (1998)

A new composition of organic-inorganic photosensitive materials is grown using the sol-gel process. The material, organoaluminosilicate, is spin coated onto Si wafers and channel waveguides are photoinscribed and developed using solvent assisted photolithographic process. The process is simple, reproducible, low cost and low loss.
Two new methanol converters (1988)

Two novel converter systems were developed for the manufacture of methanol from synthesis gas: the Gas-Solid-Solid Trickle Flow Reactor (GSSTFR) and the Reactor System with Interstage Product Removal (RSIPR). In the GSSTFR version, the product formed at the catalyst surface is directly removed from the reaction zone by means of a solid adsorbent. This adsorbent continuously trickles over the catalyst bed. High reactant conversions up to 100% can be achieved in a single pass so that the usual recycle loop for the unconverted reactants is absent or greatly reduced in size. In the RSIPR version, high conversions per pass are achieved in a series of adiabatic or isothermal fixed bed reactors with selective product removal in absorbers between the reactor stages. The feasibility and economics of the two systems are discussed on the basis of 1,000 tpd methanol plants compared with a low-pressure Lurgi system.
Rhodium and Iridium Complexes of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes via Transmetalation:  Structure and Dynamics (2003)

Rhodium and iridium complexes of N-heterocyclic carbenes (3a−c and 4a−c) were obtained by transmetalation from the corresponding Ag(I) complexes. The structure of 3b was verified by X-ray diffraction. The compounds display restricted rotation about the metal−carbene bond, the rate of which can be controlled by altering the steric bulk of the auxiliary ligands. Infrared spectroscopy provides an estimate of the electron-donor power of the carbene ligands from ν(CO) of the carbonyl derivatives.
The fabrication of permanent holographic gratings in bulk polymer medium by a femtosecond laser (2001)

Refractive-index-modulated holographic gratings have been recorded for the first time in the interior of polymer bulk, by a femtosecond laser at 800 nm. The polymer bulk was prepared by doping an azo dye, HPNA in polymethylmethacrylate. This sample preparation process is quite simple. Multi-photon absorption and, as a result, photoinduced changes in isomer population were postulated as a brief discussion on the mechanism of the grating formation.
Recent Advances in Cancer Research: Drug Targeting Without the Use of Monoclonal Antibodies (1989)

Cancer research in drug targeting has focused on the use of monoclonal antibody conjugates of drugs. This paper discusses the use of ligand conjugates of drugs to deliver to receptors on cancer cells. We have used transferrin coupled to adriamycin, and report these conjugates specifically bind and kill cancer cells in culture. Our studies of the mechanism show targeted plasma membranes are compromised for NADH ferricyanide reduction, and targeted cells lose diferric transferrin reductase activity. These results indicate that the binding of transferrin-adriamycin conjugates to transferrin receptors on either isolated plasma membranes or viable tumor cells causes an inhibition of redox reactions that are essential for growth. Since transferrin receptors are endocytosable, ligand-drug conjugates also are delivered to the interior of targeted cells where other mechanisms of killing can be employed. This novel method of drug delivery circumvents the need for monoclonal antibodies, and more investigation of the system may allow a controlled clinical study of its effectiveness.