gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The<i>R<sub>Pi-mcd1</sub></i>Locus from<i>Solanum microdontum</i>Involved in Resistance to<i>Phytophthora infestans</i>, Causing a Delay in Infection, Maps on Potato Chromosome<i>4</i>in a Cluster of NBS-LRR Genes (2008)

The distinction between field resistance and resistance based on resistance (R) genes has been proven valid for many plant-pathogen interactions. This distinction does not seem to be valid for the interaction between potato and late blight. In this study, a locus involved in late blight resistance, derived from Solanum microdontum, provides additional evidence for this lack of distinction. The resistance is associated with a hypersensitive response and results in a delay of infection of approximately 1 to 2 weeks. Both a quantitative as well as a qualitative genetic approach were used, based on data from a field assay. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis identified a QTL on chromosome 4 after correction of the resistance data for plant maturity. A qualitative genetic analysis resulted in the positioning of this locus on the short arm of chromosome 4 in between amplified fragment length polymorphism marker pCTmACG_310 and cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence markers TG339 and T0703. This position coincides with a conserved Phytophthora R gene cluster which includes R2, R(2-like), R(Pi-blb3), and R(Pi-abpt). This implies that R(Pi-mcd1) is the fifth R gene of this nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat cluster. The implications of our results on R-gene-based and field resistance are discussed.
RACER‐GRASP: Respiratory‐weighted, aortic contrast enhancement‐guided and coil‐unstreaking golden‐angle radial sparse MRI (2017)

The aortic contrast enhancement-guided sorting, respiratory motion suppression and coil unstreaking introduced by RACER-GRASP improve upon the imaging performance of standard GRASP for free-breathing dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of the liver. Magn Reson Med 80:77-89, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
The multifunctionality of utterances in interactive discourse (2022)

Utterances in interactive discourse are often multifunctional in the sense of serving multiple purposes at once. This phenomenon is studied by (1) analyzing multifunctionality from syntactic semantic and pragmatic points of view and (2) examining the functions of discourse segments in corpora of annotated spoken dialogue. It is shown that when utterances are analyzed in terms of fine-grained segments of communicative behaviour they often have multiple communicative functions due to (1) their syntactic complexity (2) the multidimensional nature of communication and (3) entailments and implicatures. The analysis is supported by quantitative data on various forms of multifunctionality in four English-language corpora represented in the DialogBank. The most intriguing forms are of a pragmatic nature and knowledge of their existence sources and manifestations is an essential part of the pragmatic competence of proficient language users.
Existence of an Endogenous Circadian Blood Pressure Rhythm in Humans That Peaks in the Evening (2011)

There exists a robust endogenous circadian rhythm in BP. The highest BP occurred at the circadian time corresponding to ≈9:00 pm, suggesting that the endogenous BP rhythm is unlikely to underlie the well-documented morning peak in adverse cardiovascular events.
Strong, Low Thermal Expansion Niobate Ceramics (2011)

A new family of low thermal expansion niobate ceramics was discovered that sinter to form unusual high permeability microstructures. The coefficient of thermal expansion ( CTE ) can be tailored from −4 × 10 −7 /°C to +40 × 10 −7 /°C by control of composition and firing temperature. The inherent vapor‐phase transport sintering gives rise to low to negative firing shrinkage, more than 50% porosity, and a microstructure of loosely packed interlocking acicular grains that result in highly permeable porous filters with good strength and low backpressure in clean and soot‐loaded conditions. The acicular grains show extensive solid solution with multiple components that enables a large compositional flexibility for engineering properties. The low thermal expansion and high strength coupled with the low structural Young's modulus of the fibrous microstructure give these materials excellent thermal shock resistance. Titanium and zirconium niobates are resistant to potassium‐based NO x adsorbers up to 900°C, are chemically durable, thermally stable, and suitable for diesel particulate filters and catalyst supports.
The Carboxyl-terminal Region of Biliary Glycoprotein Controls Its Tyrosine Phosphorylation and Association with Protein-tyrosine Phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2 in Epithelial Cells (1999)

Biliary glycoprotein (Bgp, C-CAM, or CD66a) is an immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecule and functions as a tumor suppressor protein. We have previously shown that the Bgp1 isoform responsible for inhibition of colonic, liver, prostate, and breast tumor cell growth contains within its cytoplasmic domain two tyrosine residues positioned in immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif (ITIM) consensus sequences. Moreover, we determined that these residues, upon phosphorylation, associate with the protein-tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1. In this report, we have further evaluated the structural bases of the association of Bgp1 with Tyr phosphatases. First, we demonstrate that Bgp1 also associates with the SHP-2 Tyr phosphatase, but not with an unrelated Tyr phosphatase, PTP-PEST. Association of Bgp1 and SHP-2 involves the Tyr residues within the Bgp1 ITIM sequences, Val at position +3 relative to the second Tyr (Tyr-515), and the SHP-2 N-terminal SH2 domain. In addition, our results indicate that residues +4, +5, and +6 relative to Tyr-515 in the Bgp1 cytoplasmic domain play a significant role in these interactions, as their deletion reduced Bgp1 Tyr phosphorylation and association with SHP-1 and SHP-2 by as much as 80%. Together, these results indicate that both SHP-1 and SHP-2 interact with the Bgp1 cytoplasmic domain via ITIM-like sequences. Furthermore, they reveal that the C-terminal amino acids of Bgp1 are critical for these interactions.
Porous Structure and Surface Chemistry of Active Carbons (1993)

The adsorbability on active carbons of substances with different physicochemical properties has been investigated and a comparative analysis of the pore structure parameters of the active carbons as estimated from the sorption of substances with various molecular diameters has been made. The influence of the surface chemistry of carbon sorbents on the adsorption of water vapour has also been studied. The need for a quantitative analysis of the pore structure parameters and the surface chemistry of active carbons as a basis for their universal characterization is discussed.
Improvement in imaging in confocal fluorescent microscopes using multiple detectors (1998)

Imaging performance in a confocal fluorescent microscope can be improved by using multiple detectors. The use of a large detector radius in a confocal fluorescent microscope, while giving a strong signal for lower spatial frequencies, results in negative components at some higher frequencies. Using this fact, effects of a simple detector array consisting of the difference signal between small and large detectors are considered. The effects on the transverse and axial variation of the three-dimensional optical transfer functions (OTFs) of the confocal fluorescent microscope are considered. The results show that the resulting OTFs are boosted, resulting in a better resolution.
Characterisation of fibronectin-mediated FAK signalling pathways in lung cancer cell migration and invasion (2009)

Our data suggest that fibronectin-mediated activation of FAK that leads to lung cancer metastasis could occur through ERK or PI3K/Akt regulation of MMP9/calpain-2 or MMP9/RhoA activity, respectively.
Analysis of Host Species Specificity of <i>Magnaporthe grisea</i> Toward Wheat Using a Genetic Cross Between Isolates from Wheat and Foxtail Millet (2000)

ABSTRACT A genetic cross was performed between a Setaria isolate (pathogenic on foxtail millet) and a Triticum isolate (pathogenic on wheat) of Magnaporthe grisea to elucidate genetic mechanisms of its specific parasitism toward wheat. A total of 80 F(1) progenies were obtained from 10 mature asci containing 8 ascospores. Lesions on wheat leaves produced by the F(1) progenies were classified into four types, which segregated in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. This result suggested that the pathogenicity of the F(1) population on wheat was controlled by two genes located at different loci. This idea was supported by backcross analyses. We designated these loci as Pwt1 and Pwt2. Cytological analyses revealed that Pwt1 and Pwt2 were mainly associated with the hypersensitive reaction and papilla formation, respectively.
EV Charging Station Wholesale Market Participation: A Strategic Bidding and Pricing Approach (2022)

This paper presents a framework for simultaneous bidding and pricing strategy for wholesale market participation of electric vehicle (EV) charging stations aggregator. The proposed framework incorporates the EV charging stations' technical constraints as well as EV owners' preferences. A bi-level optimization is adopted to model the problem. In the upper level, the total profit of the EV charging station aggregator is maximized. In the lower-level problem, the EV owner's utility function is maximized. The EV owners' preferences are modeled using the quadratic utility function. The bi-level optimization problem which is non-convex and hard to solve is converted to a mixed-integer convex quadratic programming model by writing the optimal conditions of the lower-level problem that is solvable with commercial solvers. The effectiveness of the proposed framework is investigated by implementing simulation results.
Hole Mobility Enhancement Caused by Gate-Induced Vertical Strain in Gate-First Full-Metal High-k P-Channel Field Effect Transistors Using Ion-Beam W (2009)

In this paper, we describe a new technique of enhancing hole mobility in full-metal high-k p-channel field effect transistors (pFETs) constructed by a conventional gate-first process. A tungsten layer used as a low-resistivity gate creates a global tensile strain when it is deposited by physical vapor deposition (PVD). After the gate patterning, however, the stress in the tungsten gate modulates the local strain in the channel. If it is deposited by ion-beam PVD, the tungsten layer has a small amount of compressive stress, and does not relax the wafer-level global strain created in the W-deposition step, and eventually creates a local tensile strain after gate patterning in the horizontal (source-to-drain) and vertical (gate-to-substrate) directions. In contrast, if it is deposited by conventional PVD, the large amount of compressive stress in the tungsten gate creates a small amount of local compressive strain in the horizontal and vertical directions after gate patterning. Since the vertical tensile strain created by the ion-beam-deposited tungsten gate increases the drain current of pFETs, it can be used as a cost-effective stress memorization technique to enhance device performance.
Rolling-circle replication of the plasmid pKYM isolated from a gram-negative bacterium. (1991)

Plasmid pKYM isolated from a Gram-negative bacterium encodes a Rep protein that is essential for plasmid replication. A comparison of Rep protein from pKYM to Rep proteins encoded by other plasmids shows that it has homology to Rep proteins of the pUB110 plasmid family from Gram-positive bacteria. These plasmids replicate by a rolling-circle mechanism in which a tyrosine residue in the Rep protein acts as the acceptor for the 5' end of the single-strand break introduced by the Rep protein. A Tyr----Phe substitution in the pKYM Rep protein abolishes its activity. Strand-specific single-stranded circular plasmid DNA can be recovered from the cells carrying pKYM and thus we propose that the plasmid pKYM replicates by a rolling-circle mechanism.
Comparative study of histogram equalization algorithms for image enhancement (2010)

Histogram equalization is one of the common tools for improving contrast in digital photography, remote sensing, medical imaging, and scientific visualization. It is a process for recovering lost contrast in an image by remapping the brightness values in such a way that equalizes or more evenly distributes its brightness values. However, Histogram Equalization may significantly change the brightness of the entire image and generate undesirable artifacts. Therefore, many Histogram Equalization based algorithms have been developed to overcome this problem. This paper presents a comprehensive review study of Histogram Equalization based algorithms. Computer simulations and analysis are provided to compare the enhancement performance of several Histogram Equalization based algorithms. A secondderivative- like enhancement measure is introduced to quantitatively evaluate their performance for image enhancement.
Inhibition of tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced synthesis of epidermal ornithine decarboxylase messenger RNA and diacylglycerol-promoted mouse skin tumor formation by retinoic acid. (1988)

Evidence is presented that inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC; EC 4.1.1.17) by retinoic acid may involve inhibition of protein kinase C-mediated synthesis of ODC mRNA. A single application of 10 nmol of TPA to intact mouse skin led to an increase in the steady state levels of epidermal ODC mRNA; a maximal level of ODC mRNA occurred at about 3.5 h after TPA treatment. TPA-induced increase in ODC mRNA preceded the increase in epidermal ODC activity. Application of 17 nmol of retinoic acid 1 h before application of TPA to mouse skin inhibited the induction of both ODC mRNA and ODC activity. Using the DNA-excess filter hybridization technique, we found that TPA-increased steady state levels of ODC mRNA in primary culture of newborn mouse epidermal cells were the result of enhanced accumulation of newly synthesized ODC mRNA. Furthermore, in a pulse-chase experiment, we could not detect any difference in the half-life of ODC mRNA in epidermal cells after TPA or the vehicle dimethyl sulfoxide treatments; the half-life of ODC mRNA was about 7 h in both cases. Exposure of primary cultures of newborn epidermal cells to retinoic acid, in conjunction with TPA, inhibited the synthesis of ODC mRNA and failed to alter the half-life of ODC mRNA. These results implicate the role of transcription activation in TPA-induced ODC gene expression and indicate that retinoic acid may inhibit TPA-induced ODC gene transcription. We also found that protein kinase C may play a role in the mechanism of inhibition by retinoic acid of ODC gene expression. Supporting evidence is the finding that L-alpha-dioctanoylglycerol, an activator of protein kinase C, is a Stage II mouse skin tumor promoter and the application of retinoic acid 1 h before application of L-alpha-dioctanoylglycerol to mouse skin inhibited the induction of ODC activity and ODC mRNA as well as tumor promotion by L-alpha-dioctanoylglycerol. Taken together, one may conclude that the mechanism of inhibition of TPA-induced ODC by retinoic acid may involve the inhibition of protein kinase C-mediated accumulation of newly synthesized ODC mRNA.
The cerebellum and memory (1992)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Metallic Radionuclides for Radioimmunotherapy (2000)

Many elements have radioisotopes of radiotherapeutic potential. Based on considerations of type of emission, energy, half-life, production capability, and cost, a significant number have been evaluated for application to radioimmunotherapy. A listing of various of these radionuclides is provided in Table 1, adapted from Fritzberg and Wessels (1). As can be easily seen, the majority of the radionuclides that have been of interest are metals and a great deal of work has been carried out to stably attach them to antibody proteins in ways that do not interfere with the tumor targeting of the antibody. This chapter will describe the various approaches used for the attachment of metals to antibodies, evaluations in vitro and in vivo, and a perspective on current status of metallic radionuclides in radiotherapy. As space and time limitations preclude an exhaustive review of all studies of therapeutic radionuclides, the chapter will focus on those that are representative and have had significant developmental effort applied to them. Several reviews are available that describe properties and production of therapeutic radionuclides, and they are recommended for more details (2-4).
Altered restriction patterns of microwave irradiated lambdaphage DNA. (1991)

Samples of lambdaphage DNA exposed to short pulses of microwave irradiation were subjected to restriction fragmentation by Eco RI and Bam HI. Eco RI digests of microwaved DNA samples yielded three additional fragments ranging in base pair lengths between 24,226 and 7,421 besides the six expected fragments. While Bam HI digests of the microwaved samples did not yield any additional fragments, mobilities of the Bam HI fragments from the microwaved DNA samples were slower and the bands were broader in comparison to those from native samples. We attribute these altered restriction patterns to the conformational anomolies in DNA resulting from single strand breaks and localized strand separations induced by microwave irradiation.
One-pot synthesis of conducting graphene–polymer composites and their strain sensing application (2012)

In situ reduction of graphite oxide in polymer powder has been implemented using focused solar electromagnetic radiation. The simultaneous reduction of graphite oxide, melting of the polymer and embedding of reduced graphite oxide nanoflakes in polymer offer a new way of synthesizing conducting graphene/polymer composites. An electromechanical application of the present reduced graphite oxide-PVDF nanocomposite has been proposed with a gauge factor of 12.1.
Nutritional Characteristics of Corn Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles as Affected by the Amounts of Grains Versus Solubles and Different Processing Techniques (2007)

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and its components of grains and solubles, the effect on amino acid digestibility of autoclaving DDGS with different proportions of wet grains:solubles, and the effect of several new processing technologies on the nutritional value of DDGS for poultry. In the latter experiments, corn was processed under laboratory conditions to produce ethanol and DDGS by using the conventional dry-grind process and compared with 2 modified dry-grind corn processes. Modified dry-grind corn processes consisted of wet quick germ, quick fiber (QGQF process) and dry degerm defiber (3D process) fractionation of corn to recover the germ and pericarp fiber prior to fermentation. In another process, a commercial DDGS sample was subjected to an Elusieve method to remove fiber and increase the protein content. Freeze-dried solubles were higher in total P but lower in CP than in the grains and DDGS. Digestibilities of several amino acids in the freeze-dried grains and solubles were higher than those for DDGS, particularly for Lys. Autoclaving reduced the digestibility of amino acids in DDGS, and this effect was not influenced by the proportion of grains:solubles. The QGQF and 3D processes increased the protein and reduced the fat and total dietary fiber content in DDGS. Total P was increased by the QGQF process, but was reduced by the 3D process. The Elusieve process increased the protein, amino acids, and fat, and decreased the total dietary fiber content of DDGS from 34.5 to 19.7% on a DM basis. None of the processing technologies had a significant effect on DDGS amino acid digestibility. The results of this study indicated that the nutritional value of DDGS can be influenced greatly by the proportion of grains vs. solubles and by processing technologies.
OPeN (Overlaid Personal Network) - A novel approach of sharing personal resources (2009)

Thanks to magnificent developments in the area of personal equipment, a single user easily can own multiple devices. The aspect of owning multiple devices can be easily found in ubiquitous computing environment; it is highly required to provide an effective way of managing one's resources. Therefore, we propose OPeN (Overlaid Personal Network) to satisfy the requirement. OPeN is an overlay protocol which configures efficient personal network and then enables OPeN user to easily manage his scattered resources through one's personal devices regardless of their location.
Systematic ankle stabilization and the effect on performance (1986)

Stabilization of the ankle joint is used as a deterrent to injury, however, insufficient or excessive ankle control can cause negative effects. This study determined the effects of systematic changes in ankle and subtalar joint stabilization on performance through an obstacle course. Data were collected on six subjects as they completed two test procedures. Ankle range of motion in the sagittal and frontal planes was determined using a modified Inman apparatus. Completion time through an obstacle course, set up on a basketball court, was used as a measure of performance. High-top basketball shoes were constructed with pockets which allowed strips of plastic (stiffeners) to be positioned just anterior and posterior to the medial and lateral malleoli. Four shoe conditions were used including the shoe with no stiffeners. Significant differences (P less than 0.05) in eversion, flexion, and inversion were found between the shoe conditions. A general trend of decreased range of motion with increased restriction was observed. Significant differences (P less than 0.05) in performance were found between the shoe conditions, with a general trend of increased times with increased restriction. These results indicate that systematic changes in the range of motion of the ankle and subtalar joints can measurably affect performance.
An ordering inequality for exchangeable random variables (1986)

Let X 1, · ··, X n be exchangeable random variables with finite variance and two sequences of constants satisfying a 1 ≦···≦ a n , b 1 ≦···≦ b n . Suppose that a ′ 1 , ···, a ′ n is a rearrangement of a 1 , ···, a n and that g ( x ) is a non-decreasing function. Then
Blind Sampling Rate Offset Estimation and Compensation in Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks with Application to Beamforming (2012)

Beamforming methods for speech enhancement in wireless acoustic sensor networks (WASNs) have recently attracted the attention of the research community. One of the major obstacles in implementing speech processing algorithms in WASN is the sampling rate offsets between the nodes. As nodes utilize individual clock sources, sampling rate offsets are inevitable and may cause severe performance degradation. In this paper, a blind procedure for estimating the sampling rate offsets is derived. The procedure is applicable to speech-absent time segments with slow time-varying interference statistics. The proposed procedure is based on the phase drift of the coherence between two signals sampled at different sampling rates. Resampling the signals with Lagrange polynomials interpolation method compensates for the sampling rate offsets. An extensive experimental study, utilizing the transfer function generalized sidelobe canceller (TFGSC), exemplifies the problem and its solution.