gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Different Potentials of γδ T Cell Subsets in Regulating Airway Responsiveness: Vγ1+ Cells, but Not Vγ4+ Cells, Promote Airway Hyperreactivity, Th2 Cytokines, and Airway Inflammation (2004)

Allergic airway inflammation and hyperreactivity are modulated by gammadelta T cells, but different experimental parameters can influence the effects observed. For example, in sensitized C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, transient depletion of all TCR-delta(+) cells just before airway challenge resulted in airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), but caused hyporesponsiveness when initiated before i.p. sensitization. Vgamma4(+) gammadelta T cells strongly suppressed AHR; their depletion relieved suppression when initiated before challenge, but not before sensitization, and they suppressed AHR when transferred before challenge into sensitized TCR-Vgamma4(-/-)/6(-/-) mice. In contrast, Vgamma1(+) gammadelta T cells enhanced AHR and airway inflammation. In normal mice (C57BL/6 and BALB/c), enhancement of AHR was abrogated only when these cells were depleted before sensitization, but not before challenge, and with regard to airway inflammation, this effect was limited to C57BL/6 mice. However, Vgamma1(+) gammadelta T cells enhanced AHR when transferred before challenge into sensitized B6.TCR-delta(-/-) mice. In this study Vgamma1(+) cells also increased levels of Th2 cytokines in the airways and, to a lesser extent, lung eosinophil numbers. Thus, Vgamma4(+) cells suppress AHR, and Vgamma1(+) cells enhance AHR and airway inflammation under defined experimental conditions. These findings show how gammadelta T cells can be both inhibitors and enhancers of AHR and airway inflammation, and they provide further support for the hypothesis that TCR expression and function cosegregate in gammadelta T cells.
Wnt3a Reestablishes Osteogenic Capacity to Bone Grafts from Aged Animals (2013)

We developed an effective, clinically applicable, regenerative medicine-based strategy for revitalizing bone grafts from aged patients.
Hydriding characteristics of NaMgH<sub>2</sub>F with preliminary technical and cost evaluation of magnesium-based metal hydride materials for concentrating solar power thermal storage (2014)

An economic assessment is performed on NaMgH<sub>2</sub>F and magnesium-based metal hydrides as heat storage materials for concentrating solar thermal power.
Computed Inverse Resonance Imaging for Magnetic Susceptibility Map Reconstruction (2012)

The proposed CIMRI model can reconstruct the magnetic susceptibility source of T2*MRI by 2 computational steps: calculating the field map from the phase image and reconstructing the susceptibility map from the field map. The crux of CIMRI lies in an ill-posed 3-dimensional deconvolution problem, which can be effectively solved by the split Bregman TV iteration algorithm.
Assessment of network perturbation amplitudes by applying high-throughput data to causal biological networks (2012)

The NPA scoring method leverages high-throughput measurements and a priori literature-derived knowledge in the form of network models to characterize the activity change for a broad collection of biological processes at high-resolution. Applications of this framework include comparative assessment of the biological impact caused by environmental factors, toxic substances, or drug treatments.
Fe:ZnSe and ZnS polycrystalline passive Q-switching of 2.8 µm Er:Cr:YSGG laser (2007)

Fe:ZnSe and ZnS polycrystals as passive Q-switches for Er:Cr:YSGG lasers operating at 2.8µm are introduced. Samples with 1–7cm−1 absorption coefficients were prepared using thermal diffusion of iron in CVD grown polycrystalline ZnSe and ZnS.
Shedding light on the weather (2003)

Virtually all methods in image processing and computer vision, for removing weather effects from images, assume single scattering of light by particles in the atmosphere. In reality, multiple scattering effects are significant. A common manifestation of multiple scattering is the appearance of glows around light sources in bad weather. Modeling multiple scattering is critical to understanding the complex effects of weather on images, and hence essential for improving the performance of outdoor vision systems. We develop a new physics-based model for the multiple scattering of light rays as they travel from a source to an observer. This model is valid for various weather conditions including fog, haze, mist and rain. Our model enables us to recover from a single image the shapes and depths of sources in the scene. In addition, the weather condition and the visibility of the atmosphere can be estimated. These quantities can, in turn, be used to remove the glows of sources to obtain a clear picture of the scene. Based on these results, we demonstrate that a camera observing a distant source can serve as a "visual weather meter". The model and techniques described in this paper can also be used to analyze scattering in other media, such as fluids and tissues. Therefore, in addition to vision in bad weather, our work has implications for medical and underwater imaging.
Unsupervised Aspect-Based Multi-Document Abstractive Summarization (2019)

User-generated reviews of products or services provide valuable information to customers. However, it is often impossible to read each of the potentially thousands of reviews: it would therefore save valuable time to provide short summaries of their contents. We address opinion summarization, a multi-document summarization task, with an unsupervised abstractive summarization neural system. Our system is based on (i) a language model that is meant to encode reviews to a vector space, and to generate fluent sentences from the same vector space (ii) a clustering step that groups together reviews about the same aspects and allows the system to generate summary sentences focused on these aspects. Our experiments on the Oposum dataset empirically show the importance of the clustering step. * Work done at Naver Labs Europe.
Data from Forkhead Box F2 Suppresses Gastric Cancer through a Novel FOXF2–IRF2BPL–β-Catenin Signaling Axis (2023)

<div>Abstract<p>DNA methylation has been identified as a hallmark of gastric cancer (GC). Identifying genes that are repressed by DNA promoter methylation is essential in providing insights into the molecular pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Using genome-wide methylation studies, we identified that transcription factor forkhead box F2 (FOXF2) was preferentially methylated in gastric cancer. We then investigated the functional significance and clinical implication of FOXF2 in gastric cancer. FOXF2 was silenced in gastric cancer cell lines and cancer tissues by promoter methylation, which was negatively associated with mRNA expression. Ectopic expression of FOXF2 inhibited proliferation, colony formation, G<sub>1</sub>–S cell-cycle transition, induced apoptosis of gastric cancer cell lines, and suppressed growth of xenograft tumors in nude mice; knockdown of FOXF2 elicited opposing effects. FOXF2 inhibited Wnt signaling by inducing β-catenin protein ubiquitination and degradation independently of GSK-3β. FOXF2 directly bound the promoter of E3 ligase interferon regulatory factor 2-binding protein-like (IRF2BPL) and induced its transcriptional expression. IRF2BPL in turn interacted with β-catenin, increasing its ubiquitination and degradation. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified FOXF2 hypermethylation as an independent prognostic factor of poor survival in early-stage gastric cancer patients. In conclusion, FOXF2 is a critical tumor suppressor in gastric carcinogenesis whose methylation status serves as an independent prognostic factor for gastric cancer patients.</p><p><b>Significance:</b> FOXF2-mediated upregulation of the E3 ligase IRF2BPL drives ubiquitylation and degradation of β-catenin in gastric cancer, blunting Wnt signaling and suppressing carcinogenesis. <i>Cancer Res; 78(7); 1643–56. ©2018 AACR</i>.</p></div>
RF ESD protection strategies - the design and performance trade-off challenges (2005)

ESD protection strategies utilized in RF circuit applications in CMOS and BiCMOS technologies are investigated and the results are presented in this paper. The conventional approach using diodes with power clamp is compared with novel approaches such as plug-and-play passive elements and full or partial circuit-ESD co-design. The trade-offs are discussed from both RF and ESD point of views. Common problems as parasitic ESD current discharge paths and voltage overshoot are discussed and solutions are proposed
NOrmalized MAgnetization Ratio (NOMAR) filtering for creation of tissue selective contrast maps (2012)

An MRI segmentation technique based on collecting two additional saturation transfer images is proposed as an aid for improved detection of chemical exchange saturation transfer agents. In this approach, the additional images are acquired at saturation frequencies of -12.5 and -50 ppm. Use of the ratio of these images allows differentiation of voxels with low magnetization transfer contrast (such as fat, cerebrospinal fluid, edema, or blood) from target tissue voxels using a global threshold determined by histogram analysis. We demonstrate that this technique can reduce artifacts, in vitro, in a phantom containing tubes with chemical exchange saturation transfer contrast agent embedded in either crosslinked bovine serum albumin or buffer, and in vivo for detecting diamagnetic CEST (DIACEST) liposomes injected into mice.
A nanogel-based trivalent PspA nasal vaccine protects macaques from intratracheal challenge with pneumococci (2021)

Current polysaccharide-based pneumococcal vaccines are effective but not compatible with all serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae. We previously developed an adjuvant-free cationic nanogel nasal vaccine containing pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA), which is expressed on the surfaces of all pneumococcal serotypes. Here, to address the sequence diversity of PspA proteins, we formulated a cationic nanogel-based trivalent pneumococcal nasal vaccine and demonstrated the vaccine's immunogenicity and protective efficacy in macaques by using a newly developed nasal spray device applicable to humans. Nasal vaccination of macaques with cationic cholesteryl pullulan nanogel (cCHP)-trivalent PspA vaccine effectively induced PspA-specific IgGs that bound to pneumococcal surfaces and triggered complement C3 deposition. The immunized macaques were protected from pneumococcal intratracheal challenge through both inhibition of lung inflammation and a dramatic reduction in the numbers of bacteria in the lungs. These results demonstrated that the cCHP-trivalent PspA vaccine is an effective candidate vaccine against pneumococcal infections.
Analytical and clinical sensitivity of West Nile virus RNA screening and supplemental assays available in 2003 (2005)

WNV screening and supplemental assays had generally excellent analytical sensitivity, comparable to human immunodeficiency virus-1 and hepatitis C virus NAT assays. The presence of low-level viremic units during epidemic periods and the impact of MP dilutions on sensitivity, however, suggest the need for further improvements in sensitivity as well as a role for targeted individual-donation NAT in epidemic regions.
Experimental Confirmation of Wandering Spurs in a Commercial Fractional-N Frequency Synthesizer with a MASH 1-1-1 Divider Controller (2019)

Fractional-N frequency synthesizers can exhibit a phenomenon called wandering spurs which is undesirable in many applications. This paper presents experimental confirmation of the behavior in a fractional- <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$N$</tex> frequency synthesizer with a MASH 1-1-1-based divider controller.
Sliding-Window Superposition Coding: Two-User Interference Channels (2020)

A low-complexity coding scheme is developed to achieve the rate region of maximum likelihood decoding for interference channels. As in the classical rate-splitting multiple access scheme by Grant, Urbanke, and Whiting, the proposed coding scheme uses superposition of multiple codewords with successive cancellation decoding, which can be implemented using standard point-to-point encoders and decoders. Unlike rate-splitting multiple access, which is not rate-optimal for multiple receivers, the proposed coding scheme transmits codewords over multiple blocks in a staggered manner and recovers them successively over sliding decoding windows, achieving the single-stream optimal rate region as well as the more general Han–Kobayashi inner bound for the two-user interference channel. The feasibility of this scheme in practice is verified by implementing it using commercial channel codes over the two-user Gaussian interference channel.
Dual Journaling Store Method for Embedded Systems (2006)

This paper proposes a dual journaling storing method for a storage medium in embedded systems. At the method two sorts of data are stored toward a central portion of a storage space of the storage medium from start and end locations, respectively, when a flash memory or the like is used as a storage medium for storing, managing, and processing data. A sort of data is stored from a starting location of the storage medium based on the journaling method, and another is stored from an end location of the storage medium toward the start location. If two sorts of data meet at a central portion, we define the meeting point as a central point. As an example of file systems, we can store the front portion of the central point with meta-data and the rear portion with files of pure data, respectively. Therefore, we can quickly mount a file system
Increasing the Thermoelectric Figure of Merit of Tetrahedrites by Co-Doping with Nickel and Zinc (2015)

We report a more than 30% increase in the thermoelectric figure of merit of Ni-doped tetrahedrite (Cu12Sb4S13) by the addition of Zn. We show that this enhancement is due to the combination of two effects: (1) a tuning of the Fermi energy to optimize the Seebeck coefficient and thermoelectric power factor and (2) a reduction in thermal conductivity due to decreases in both the electronic and lattice thermal conductivities. Unlike tetrahedrites doped solely with Zn, which can become electrically insulating at high Zn concentrations, Ni doped samples remain conducting due to the existence of an additional valence band from spin–split Ni states. By adding Zn to these Ni-doped materials, electrons can fill the holes in the valence band, allowing for tuning of the thermoelectric properties. Tetrahedrites optimally doped with both Ni and Zn have thermal conductivity approaching theoretical minimum values, which helps boost the thermoelectric figure of merit zT in these compounds above unity.
Role of calcium channels in carboxyl-terminal parathyroid hormone receptor signaling (2006)

Parathyroid hormone (PTH), an 84-amino acid polypeptide, is a major systemic regulator of calcium homeostasis that activates PTH/PTHrP receptors (PTH1Rs) on target cells. Carboxyl fragments of PTH (CPTH), secreted by the parathyroids or generated by PTH proteolysis in the liver, circulate in blood at concentrations much higher than intact PTH-(1-84) but cannot activate PTH1Rs. Receptors specific for CPTH fragments (CPTHRs), distinct from PTH1Rs, are expressed by bone cells, especially osteocytes. Activation of CPTHRs was previously reported to modify intracellular calcium within chondrocytes. To further investigate the mechanism of action of CPTHRs in osteocytes, cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) was measured in the PTH1R-null osteocytic cell line OC59, which expresses abundant CPTHRs but no PTH1Rs. [Ca(2+)](i) was assessed by single-cell ratiometric microfluorimetry in fura-2-loaded OC59 cells. A rapid and transient increase in [Ca(2+)](i) was observed in OC59 cells in response to the CPTH fragment hPTH-(53-84) (250 nM). No [Ca(2+)](i) signal was observed in COS-7 cells, in which CPTHR binding also cannot be detected. Neither hPTH-(1-34) nor a mutant CPTH analog, [Ala(55-57)]hPTH-(53-84), that does not to bind to CPTHRs, increased [Ca(2+)](i) in OC59 cells. The [Ca(2+)](i) response to hPTH-(53-84) required the presence of extracellular calcium and was blocked by inhibitors of voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs), including nifedipine (100 nM), omega-agatoxin IVA (10 nM), and omega-conotoxin GVIA (100 nM). We conclude that activation of CPTHRs in OC59 osteocytic cells leads to a rapid increase in influx of extracellular calcium, most likely through the opening of VDCCs.
Some radiometric properties of gradient-index fiber lenses (1980)

Some radiometric properties of gradient-index fiber lenses and lens arrays are explored. Consideration is restricted to the paraxial region of fibers that produce erect images at unit magnification. In two instances the radiometric properties of these lenses and lens arrays are considerably different from the properties of conventional (nongradient) lenses. First, the off-axis image plane irradiance for a single gradient-index fiber falls off far more rapidly than the familiar cos(4) law. Second, the exposure (integrated image irradiance) for a fiber array is independent of the object-to-image distance.
Site-Specific GlcNAcylation of Human Erythrocyte Proteins (2008)

GlcNAcylation is differentially regulated at individual sites on erythrocyte proteins in response to glycemic status. These data suggest not only that site-specific O-GlcNAc levels reflect the glycemic status of an individual but also that O-GlcNAc site occupancy on erythrocyte proteins may be eventually useful as a diagnostic tool for the early detection of diabetes.
<title>Feature analysis and classification of manufacturing signatures based on semiconductor wafer maps</title> (1997)

Automated tools for semiconductor wafer defect analysis are becoming more necessary as device densities and wafer sizes continue to increase. Trends towards larger wafer formats and smaller critical dimensions have caused an exponential increase in the volume of defect data which must be analyzed and stored. To accommodate these changing factors, automatic analysis tools are required that can efficiently and robustly process the increasing amounts of data, and thus quickly characterize manufacturing processes and accelerate yield learning. During the first year of this cooperative research projected between SEMATECH and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, a robust methodology for segmenting signature events prior to feature analysis and classification was developed. Based on the results of this segmentation procedure, a feature measurement strategy has been designed based on interviews with process engineers coupled with the analysis of approximately 1500 electronic wafermap files. In this paper, the authors represent an automated procedure to rank and select relevant features for use with a fuzzy pair-wise classifier and give examples of the efficacy of the approach taken. Results of the feature selection process are given for two uniquely different types of class data to demonstrate a general improvement in classifier performance.
Electronic, optical, and chemical interrogation of neural circuits with multifunctional fibers (Conference Presentation) (2017)

Despite recent advances in microfabrication and nanofabrication, integrating multiple modes of communication with the brain into a single biocompatible neural probe remains a challenge. These multifunctional neural probes may further our understanding of normal and disrupted functions of neural circuits manifested in neurological conditions, such as Parkinson’s disease. Here, we present a novel family of probes fabricated using a thermal drawing process. In this process, a macroscopic template (preform) containing the desired features is drawn by applying heat and tension into a fiber that conserves the original geometry of the preform but at a much smaller scale. Being composed of soft materials, such as polymers, conductive composites, and low melting temperature metals, fiber based neural probes minimize the damage to the surrounding tissue when implanted. Furthermore, fiber drawing enables straightforward integration features allowing for simultaneous electrical, optical and chemical interrogation of the brain. We demonstrate the utility of these probes for one-step optogenetics, in which a viral vector carrying opsin genes is injected through the same device then used to optically stimulate neurons and record their response as electrical activity. With these probes, we also show, for the first time, recordings of electrical activity in the spinal cord of freely moving mice.
Preparation and properties of novel dentin adhesives with esterase resistance (2007)

A new methacrylate monomer, trimethylolpropane mono allyl ether dimethacrylate (TMPEDMA), was synthesized and evaluated. This branched methacrylate was designed to increase esterase-resistance when incorporated into conventional HEMA (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)/BisGMA (2,2-bis[4(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxy-propyloxy)-phenyl] propane) dental adhesives. The new adhesives, HEMA/BisGMA/TMPEDMA in a 45/30/25 (w/w) ratio were formulated with H(2)O at 0 (A0T) and 8 wt % water (A8T) and compared with control adhesives (HEMA/BisGMA, 45/55 (w/w), at 0 (A0) and 8 wt % (A8) water). Camphoroquinone (CQ), 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate and diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate were used as photoinitiators. The new adhesives showed a degree of conversion comparable with the control and improved modulus and glass transition temperature (T(g)). Exposure of photopolymerized discs to porcine liver esterase for up to eight days showed that the net cumulative methacrylic acid (MAA) release in adhesives formulated with the new monomer and 8% water (A8T: 182 μg/mL) was dramatically (P < 0.05) decreased in comparison to the control (A8: 361.6 μg/mL). The results demonstrate that adhesives made with the new monomer and cured in water to simulate wet bonding are more resistant to esterase than conventional HEMA/BisGMA adhesive.