gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Sprite Remote Procedure Call System (1986)

This report describes Sprite''s kernel-to-kernel remote procedure call (RPC) system. User programs access system services through the Sprite kernel on their local host, and the local kernel makes remote procedure calls to access services locate d on remote hosts. Each kernel has several RPC channels so that it can be making RPCs for several processes concurrently. A server machine keeps several kernel server processes that are used to execute service procedures. Messages carry requests for remote procedure execution to server kernels and carry results back to client kernels. The RPC network protocol also supports efficient data transfers larger than the network packet size to meet the bandwidth requirements of Sprite''s distributed filesystem.
Review of Thermal Properties of Snow, Ice and Sea Ice, (1981)

This treatise thoroughly reviews the subjects of density, thermal expansion and compressibility of ice; snow density change attributed to destructive, constructive and melt metamorphism; and the physics of regelation and the effects on penetration rate of both the thermal properties of the wire and stress level. Heat capacity, latent heat of fusion and thermal conductivity of ice and snow over a wide range of temperatures were analyzed with regression techniques. In the case of snow, the effect of density was also evaluated. The contribution of vapor diffusion to heat transfer through snow under both natural and forced convective conditions was assessed. Expressions representing specific and latent heat of sea ice in terms of sea ice salinity and temperature were given. Theoretical models were given that can predict the thermal conductivities of fresh bubbly ice and sea ice in terms of salinity, temperature and fractional air content. (Author)
A holistic view of polyhydroxyalkanoate metabolism in <i>Pseudomonas putida</i> (2014)

Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) metabolism has been traditionally considered as a futile cycle involved in carbon and energy storage. The use of cutting-edge technologies linked to systems biology has improved our understanding of the interaction between bacterial physiology, PHA metabolism and other cell functions in model bacteria such as Pseudomonas putida KT2440. PHA granules or carbonosomes are supramolecular complexes of biopolyester and proteins that are essential for granule segregation during cell division, and for the functioning of the PHA metabolic route as a continuous cycle. The simultaneous activities of PHA synthase and depolymerase ensure the carbon flow to the transient demand for metabolic intermediates to balance the storage and use of carbon and energy. PHA cycle also determines the number and size of bacterial cells. The importance of PHAs as nutrients for members of the microbial community different to those that produce them is illustrated here via examples of bacterial predators such as Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus that prey on PHA producers and produces specific extra-cellular depolymerases. PHA hydrolysis confers Bdellovibrio ecological advantages in terms of motility and predation efficiency, demonstrating the importance of PHA producers predation in population dynamics. Metabolic modulation strategies for broadening the portfolio of PHAs are summarized and their properties are compiled.
Multiple messenger RNA species give rise to the structural diversity in acetylcholinesterase. (1988)

Acetylcholinesterase exists predominantly as a secreted enzyme which remains cell-associated at specific extracellular locations. Its extensive structural diversity appears responsible for the unique cellular disposition of the enzyme. To examine the molecular basis of the structural divergence of acetylcholinesterase species, we hybridized total RNA from Torpedo californica electric organ with restriction fragments from a cDNA encoding the catalytic subunits of asymmetric species of acetylcholinesterase. Multiple RNA species up to 14 kilobases in length can be detected on Northern blots using a full-length cDNA for hybridization. Each of these RNA species also hybridizes with smaller restriction fragments within the open reading frame and 3'-untranslated region of the cDNA. This indicates that the entire open reading frame plus the 3'-untranslated region is contained in the large RNA species. RNase protection experiments revealed at least three points of divergence for the message species. One occurs within the COOH-terminal portion of the open reading frame at a position just 5' to the TGA stop codon. This divergence accounts for the two classes of acetylcholinesterase found in abundance in Torpedo. The site of splicing has been further defined by isolating a genomic clone containing the exon serving as the potential splice donor. We find a divergence between the cDNA and genomic DNA at the position estimated by the protection experiments. A less abundant divergence in mRNA can also be detected in the 3'-untranslated region. Another divergence occurs as a deleted sequence within the 5'-noncoding region and may be important for controlling translation efficiency. Since it is hypothesized that a single gene encodes acetylcholinesterase, the divergences in the very 3' region of the open reading frame and the 5'-noncoding region correspond to presumed splice junction boundaries where alternative RNA splicing occurs.
Suppression of transient enhanced diffusion following <i>in situ</i> photoexcitation during boron ion implantation (1995)

The effect of in situ photoexcitation during boron ion implantation on subsequent transient enhanced B diffusion in Si has been investigated. Photoexcitation using a mercury arc lamp was performed during B+ implantation at 35 keV for a dose of 5×1014 cm−2 at 177 K. A reduction in the electrical activation dip, i.e., reverse annealing effect, in the temperature range 550–700 °C was observed. Also, the transient enhanced diffusion of B, measured using SIMS following 800 °C, 30 min annealing, was suppressed. Both effects demonstrate that the creation of self-interstitials during the implantation process is significantly reduced.
Patterns of gene expression in atrophying skeletal muscles: response to food deprivation (2002)

During fasting and many systemic diseases, muscle undergoes rapid loss of protein and functional capacity. To define the transcriptional changes triggering muscle atrophy and energy conservation in fasting, we used cDNA microarrays to compare mRNAs from muscles of control and food-deprived mice. Expression of >94% of genes did not change, but interesting patterns emerged among genes that were differentially expressed: 1) mRNAs encoding polyubiquitin, ubiquitin extension proteins, and many (but not all) proteasome subunits increased, which presumably contributes to accelerated protein breakdown; 2) a dramatic increase in mRNA for the ubiquitin ligase, atrogin-1, but not most E3s; 3) a significant suppression of mRNA for myosin binding protein H (but not other myofibrillar proteins) and IGF binding protein 5, which may favor cell protein loss; 4) decreases in mRNAs for several glycolytic enzymes and phosphorylase kinase subunits, and dramatic increases in mRNAs for pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 and glutamine synthase, which should promote glucose sparing and gluconeogenesis. During fasting, metallothionein mRNA increased dramatically, mRNAs for extracellular matrix components fell, and mRNAs that may favor cap-independent mRNA translation rose. Significant changes occurred in mRNAs for many growth-related proteins and transcriptional regulators. These transcriptional changes indicate a complex adaptive program that should favor protein degradation and suppress glucose oxidation in muscle. Similar analysis of muscles atrophying for other causes is allowing us to identify a set of atrophy-specific changes in gene expression.
Fiber Supercapacitors Made of Nanowire‐Fiber Hybrid Structures for Wearable/Flexible Energy Storage (2011)

Current clothing trends: A wearable and flexible fiber supercapacitor with a fully encapsulated electrolyte is formed by wrapping a plastic wire covered with ZnO nanowires (NWs; see SEM image) around a Kevlar fiber covered with gold-coated ZnO NWs. This supercapacitor shows promise as a highly efficient, wearable energy storage device. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Serotonergic Modulation as Effective Treatment for Dravet Syndrome in a Zebrafish Mutant Model (2016)

Dravet syndrome (DS) is a severe epilepsy syndrome that starts within the first year of life. In a clinical study, add-on treatment with fenfluramine, a potent 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) releaser activating multiple 5-HT receptor subtypes, made 70% of DS children seizure free. Others and we recently confirmed the efficacy of fenfluramine as an antiepileptiform compound in zebrafish models of DS. By using a large set of subtype selective agonists, in this study we examined which 5-HT receptor subtypes can be targeted to trigger antiseizure effects in homozygous scn1Lab(-/-) mutant zebrafish larvae that recapitulate DS well. We also provide evidence that zebrafish larvae express the orthologues of all human 5-HT receptor subtypes. Using an automated larval locomotor behavior assay, we were able to show that selective 5-HT1D-, 5-HT1E-, 5-HT2A-, 5-HT2C-, and 5-HT7-agonists significantly decreased epileptiform activity in the mutant zebrafish at 7 days post fertilization (dpf). By measuring local field potentials in the zebrafish larval forebrain, we confirmed the antiepileptiform activity of the 5-HT1D-, 5-HT2C-, and especially the 5-HT2A-agonist. Interestingly, we also found a significant decrease of serotonin in the heads of homozygous scn1Lab(-/-) mutants as compared to the wild type zebrafish, which suggest that neurochemical defects might play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of DS. Taken together, our results emphasize the high conservation of the serotonergic receptors in zebrafish larvae. Modulating certain serotonergic receptors was shown to effectively reduce seizures. Our findings therefore open new avenues for the development of future novel DS therapeutics.
Algorithmic insights of camera-based respiratory motion extraction (2022)

<i>Objective</i>. Measuring the respiratory signal from a video based on body motion has been proposed and recently matured in products for contactless health monitoring. The core algorithm for this application is the measurement of tiny chest/abdominal motions induced by respiration (i.e. capturing sub-pixel displacement caused by subtle motion between subsequent video frames), and the fundamental challenge is motion sensitivity. Though prior art reported on the validation with real human subjects, there is no thorough or rigorous benchmark to quantify the sensitivities and boundary conditions of motion-based core respiratory algorithms.<i>Approach</i>. A set-up was designed with a fully-controllable physical phantom to investigate the essence of core algorithms, together with a mathematical model incorporating two motion estimation strategies and three spatial representations, leading to six algorithmic combinations for respiratory signal extraction. Their promises and limitations are discussed and clarified through the phantom benchmark.<i>Main results</i>. With the variation of phantom motion intensity between 0.5 mm and 8 mm, the recommended approach obtains an average precision, recall, coverage and MAE of 88.1%, 91.8%, 95.5% and 2.1 bpm in the day-light condition, and 81.7%, 90.0%, 93.9% and 4.4 bpm in the night condition.<i>Significance</i>. The insights gained in this paper are intended to improve the understanding and applications of camera-based respiration measurement in health monitoring. The limitations of this study stem from the used physical phantom that does not consider human factors like body shape, sleeping posture, respiratory diseases, etc., and the investigated scenario is focused on sleep monitoring, not including scenarios with a sitting or standing patient like in clinical ward and triage.
Cellular Senescence: Ex Vivo p53-Dependent Asymmetric Cell Kinetics (2001)

Although senescence is a defining property of euploid mammalian cells, its physiologic basis remains obscure. Previously, cell kinetics properties of normal tissue cells have not been considered in models for senescence. We now provide evidence that senescence is in fact the natural consequence of normal in vivo somatic stem cell kinetics extended in culture. This concept of senescence is based on our discovery that cells engineered to conditionally express the well-recognized tumor suppressor protein and senescence factor, p53, exhibit asymmetric cell kinetics. In vivo, asymmetric cell kinetics are essential for maintenance of somatic stem cells; ex vivo, the same cell kinetics yield senescence as a simple kinetic endpoint. This new "asymmetric cell kinetics model" for senescence suggests novel strategies for the isolation and propagation of somatic tissue stem cells in culture.
Perspectives for Highly-Sensitive PET-Based Medical Imaging Using β<sup>+</sup>γ Coincidences (2015)

By employing the triple coincidence between the trajectory intersections from + decaying isotopes emitting a third, prompt, photon ( -PET technique), sub-millimeter spatial resolution can be reached in 3 dimensions for the localization of a point source with a reduced requirement of reconstructed intersections per voxel compared to a conventional PET reconstruction analysis. Results of a Monte-Carlo simulation and image reconstruction study are presented in order to characterize the potential of this technique.
<scp>XI</scp>. Yeast sequencing reports. The complete sequencing of a 24·6 kb segment of yeast chromosome XI identified the known loci <i>URA1</i>, <i>SAC1</i> and <i>TRP3</i>, and revealed 6 new open reading frames including homologues to the threonine dehydratases, membrane transporters, hydantoinases and the phospholipase A<sub>2</sub>‐activating protein (1994)

We report the entire sequence of a 26.4 kb segment of chromosome XI of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Identification of the known loci URA1, TRP3 and SAC1 revealed a translocation compared to the genetic map. Additionally, six unknown open reading frames have been identified. One of them is similar to catabolic threonine dehydratases. Another one contains characteristic features of membrane transporters. A third one is homologous in half of its length to the prokaryotic hydantoinase HyuA and in the other half to hydatoinase HyuB. A fourth one is homologous to the mammalian phospholipase A2-activating protein. A fifth one, finally, is homologous to the hypothetical open reading frame YCR007C of chromosome III. The sequence has been deposited in the EMBL data library under Accession Number X75951.
Estudos em Educação (2019)

Este e-book e a primeira edicao realizada em alusao a comemoracao dos 20 anos do curso de Pedagogia do Centro Universitario Barriga Verde – Unibave. Nele, reunem-se artigos que versam sobre educacao, com intuito de divulgar as producoes academicas e promover debate critico e reflexivo, baseadas nas linhas de pesquisa do curso: Gestao Escolar; Praticas sociais e processos educativos; Educacao e infância; e, Processos de Ensino e Aprendizagem.
Osmosis, osmometry, and osmoregulation (1999)

The maintenance of adequate body fluid volume and the correct distribution of this fluid between the body compartments is a critical part of homeostasis. The process of osmosis plays an important role in movement of fluid within the body and the use of osmometry is an important part of the management of many patients. In addition to the application of osmometry to the measurement of body fluids, most commonly plasma and urine, osmotic action plays a part in some therapeutic actions of drugs and its strength needs to be quantified in fluids administered to patients. Unfortunately confusion often exists in the various terms that are used in the field of osmometry. This review aims to explain the different terms used, the laboratory methodology involved in osmometry, and the clinical application and interpretation of the results obtained.
Irreversible enzyme inhibitors. 200. Active-site directed inhibitors of deoxycytidine kinase (1977)

Forty-three pyrimidine derivatives, mainly containing the 4-aminopyrimidine system, have been prepared and evaluated as inhibitors of deoxycytidine kinase. The most effective inhibitors were 2-alkylthio-4-aminopyrimidines and 1-alky-1-cytosines. The best inhibitors in both groups were those with large alkyl substituents, which indicate that hydrophobic bonding is occurring, possibly in the same area adjacent to the active site.
High-Q on-chip inductors using extremely thick silicon dioxide and copper-damascene technology (2008)

High performance on-chip inductors fabricated using extremely thick low-stress silicon dioxide (SiO2) as the interface layer and copper damascene technology on standard CMOS silicon substrate are presented. A warpage-free low-stress SiO2 layer up to 20 µm thick is deposited using a modified deposition process. The maximum quality factor of a 1.3 nH inductor has been improved by 160% (from 21 to 55) when the thickness of SiO2 increases from 0.3 to 15 µm.
Unactivated Norbornenes in [3+2] Cycloadditions: Remarkably Stereo-controlled Entry into Norbornane-Fused Spirooxindolopyrrolidines, Spiro-1,3-indandionolylpyrrolidines, and Spirooxindolopyrrolizidines (2012)

1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of azomethine ylides with unactivated norbornene dipolarophiles and a highly diastereoselective synthesis of the novel norbornane-fused spirooxindolo­pyrrolidines, spiroacenaphthylenolylpyrrolidines, spiro-1,3-indan-dionolylpyrrolidines, and spirooxindolopyrrolizidines having an array of stereocenters are reported. The stereoselective synthesis of spirooxindolopyrrolizidines with eight stereocenters was demonstrated. Single-crystal X-ray structural analyses were performed to unambiguously establish the structure and stereochemistry of the key products.
Can Rationalization Improve Robustness? (2022)

Howard Chen, Jacqueline He, Karthik Narasimhan, Danqi Chen. Proceedings of the 2022 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies. 2022.
Use of avidin-biotin complex in an ELISA system: a quantitative comparison with two other immunoperoxidase detection systems using keratin antisera. (1983)

Three systems--the indirect, peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP), and avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) detection system--were compared in quantitative ELISA titration and inhibition assays and tissue labeling with keratin antisera. The ABC system was found to be the most sensitive of the three in ELISA titration assays, being approximately 4-fold more sensitive than the indirect method and 2-fold more sensitive than the PAP method. In addition, the ABC method demonstrated increased sensitivity when compared on tissue sections. Furthermore, the secondary and tertiary components of the PAP and ABC systems were titrated and optimal concentration ranges determined for use in ELISA inhibition assays. In ELISA inhibition assays the broadest usable inhibitor range and maximal sensitivity were obtained using the ABC system as compared with indirect and PAP detection systems. Finally, the effects of varying microtiter plate-coating concentrations on range and sensitivity were examined, and possible explanations are discussed including the possibility of surface-bound antigen being a competitor for the antibody of the solution phase antibody-antigen complex.
The nano spray dryer B-90 (2011)

The Buchi® Nano Spray Dryer B-90 offers a new, simple and alternative approach for the production of nanoparticles suited for a variety of drug delivery applications.
A Generic Approach toward Indoor Navigation and Pathfinding with Robust Marker Tracking (2019)

Indoor navigation and localization has gained a key attention of the researchers in the recent decades. Various technologies such as WiFi, Bluetooth, Ultra Wideband (UWB), and Radio-frequency identification (RFID) have been used for indoor navigation and localization. However, most of these existing methods often fail in providing a reasonable solution to the key challenges such as implementation cost, accuracy and extendibility. In this paper, we proposed a low-cost, and extendable framework for indoor navigation. We used simple markers printed on the paper, and placed on ceilings of the building. These markers are detected by a smartphone’s camera, and the audio and visual information associated with these markers are used as a user guidance. The system finds shortest path between any two arbitrary nodes for user navigation. In addition, it is extendable having the capability to cover new sections by installing new nodes at any place in the building. The system can be used for guidance of the blind people, tourists and new visitors in an indoor environment. The evaluation results reveal that the proposed system can guide users toward their destination in an efficient and accurate manner.
Error-Driven Learning of Chinese Word Segmentation (1998)

Palmer ([4]) demonstrated how Brill&apos;s Transformation-based Error-Driven Learning can be applied to word segmentation in various languages. We present experimental results which show that such algorithms can achieve satisfactory performance even with a a very simple initial state annotator We also present two preliminary studies, which suggest that even higher performancemight be achieved if simple morphological information is available to the system, and that segmentation performance might actually be improved by combining segmentation with rudimentary part-of-speech tagging. 1 Introduction Chinese word segmentation is an interesting, but difficult problem. The difficulties include the following: - &quot;word&quot; is not a very well-defined concept in the context of Chinese: linguists do not have generally accepted guidelines, and in experiments native speakers show only about 75 % agreement on the &quot;correct&quot; segmentation. - Even if we have guidelines, the problem does not become trivial. The b...
A highly transparent and thermally stable copolymer of 1‐adamantyl methacrylate and styrene (2014)

Abstract Thermal and optical properties of copolymers of 1‐adamantyl methacrylate (AdMA) and styrene (St) prepared by free radical polymerization in the bulk are investigated. The copolymer forms an azeotrope when the composition is AdMA/St = 55/45 mol%. The glass transition temperature and decomposition temperature of the azeotropic copolymer are 170 and ca 340 °C, respectively. The refractive index increases nonlinearly with St content from 1.522 to 1.591. The light scattering loss at 633 nm is 28.1 dB km −1 , which is less than half of that of polystyrene. The total optical loss including molecular vibrational absorption, which is evaluated using a copolymer‐based optical fiber, is 292–645 dB km −1 at 500–700 nm. These values correspond to transmittances of 86–93% for a 1 m optical path length. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthetic trypanocides: growth-inhibiting properties of new 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocarbazoles on Trypanosoma cruzi. (1988)

Several new 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocarbazole, 5,6-dihydrobenzo(alpha) carbazole, 3-methylindole and substituted benzimidazolyl compounds were synthesized and assayed for their action on growth of Trypanosoma cruzi, cultured in Warren's liquid medium. 6-chloro and 6,8-dichloro-N-(1-ethyl-N-diethylamino)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocarbazole++ fumarate resulted the more active in inhibiting growth of the parasite. The new compounds were apparently more effective than those prepared previously by Poliakoff et al. (5).