gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of GaN HEMTs for broadband high-power amplifier design (2011)

In this paper we present the analysis of GaN HEMT power cells for broadband high-power amplifier design. We compare different power cell layouts, different Al contents in the barrier layer, and different fieldplate configurations. With the results of the analysis we can specifically optimize the epitaxial choice, fieldplate configuration, and the layout of the power cell for broadband high-power amplifiers. The main findings include the challenging interdependence of the parameters with the variation of the technology parameters.
Embedded-software-based approach to testing crosstalk-induced faults at on-chip buses (2002)

Crosstalk effects on long interconnects are becoming significant for high-speed circuits. This paper addresses the problem of testing crosstalk-induced faults at on-chip buses in system-on-a-chip (SOC) designs. We propose a method to self-test on-chip buses at-speed, by executing an automatically synthesized program using on-chip processor cores. The test program, executed at system operational speed, can activate and capture the worst-case crosstalk effects on buses and achieve a complete coverage of crosstalk-induced logical and delay faults. This paper discusses the method and the framework for synthesizing such a test program. Based on the bus protocol, the instruction set architecture of an on-chip processor core, and the system specification, the method generates deterministic tests in the form of instruction sequences. The synthesized test program is highly modularized and compact. The experimental results show that, for testing interconnects between a processor core and any other on-chip core, a 3 K-byte program is sufficient to achieve the complete coverage for crosstalk-induced logical and delay faults.
Factors Affecting Propagation of Clematis by Stem Cuttings (1997)

Effect of media type, cultivar, and indole-3 butyric acid (IBA) application on Clematis spp. stem cutting rooting was studied. Cutting survival across all treatments was highest on `Comtesse de Bouchard' and `Gypsy Queen' cuttings and lowest on `Jackmani' cuttings. Cutting survival was greatest in perlite and lowest in peat-perlite-vermiculite. IBA application increased `Jackmani' cutting survival only. Time of root emergence was longest on `Jackmani' and least on `Gypsy Queen' cuttings across treatments. Root emergence occurred first in sand and perlite and last in peat-perlite across treatments. Root dry mass on cuttings from `Jackmani' and Clematis viticella purpurea plena elegens plants were unaffected by medium type. In contrast, root dry mass on `Comtesse de Bouchard' cuttings was highest in perlite and root dry mass on `Gypsy Queen' cuttings was highest in sand, perlite, and peat-perlite-vermiculite. The best media for propagating clematis were sand and perlite. Benefits to rooting cuttings in sand or perlite were similar, except rooting cuttings in perlite resulted in higher cutting root dry mass.
Predictive value of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) captured by microfluidic device in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (2017)

Proof-of-concept was provided for an electrically conductive and nanoroughened microfluidic platform-based chip designed to capture CTCs in patients with EOC. A larger patient sampling and longer duration of follow-up are needed to determine its suitability for clinical use.
Targeting the 5-HT2C Receptor in Biological Context and the Current State of 5-HT2C Receptor Ligand Development (2019)

Serotonin (5-HT) 5-HT2C receptor (5-HT2CR) is recognized as a critical mediator of diseaserelated pathways and behaviors based upon actions in the central nervous system (CNS). Since 5-HT2CR is a class A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), drug discovery efforts have traditionally pursued the activation of the receptor through synthetic ligands with agonists proposed for the treatment of obesity, substance use disorders and impulse control disorders while antagonists may add value for the treatment of anxiety, depression and schizophrenia. The most significant agonist discovery to date is the FDAapproved anti-obesity medication lorcaserin. In recent years, efforts towards developing other mechanisms to enhance receptor function have resulted in the discovery of Positive Allosteric Modulators (PAMs) for the 5-HT2CR, with several molecule series now reported. The biological significance and context for signaling and function of the 5-HT2CR, and the current status of 5-HT2CR agonists and PAMs are discussed in this review.
Direct Chemical Synthesis of the β-<scp>d</scp>-Mannans: The β-(1→2) and β-(1→4) Series (2004)

The direct syntheses of a beta-(1-->2)-mannooctaose and of a beta-(1-->4)-mannohexaose are reported by means of 4,6-O-benzylidene-protected beta-mannosyl donors. The synthesis of the (1-->2)-mannan was achieved by means of the sulfoxide coupling protocol, whereas the (1-->4)-mannan was prepared using the analogous thioglycoside/sulfinamide methodology. In the synthesis of the (1-->4)-mannan, the glycosylation yields and stereoselectivities remain approximately constant with increasing chain length, whereas those for the (1-->2)-mannan consist of two groups with the formation of the tetra- and higher saccharides giving yields and selectivities consistently lower than those of the lower homologues. The decrease in yield after the trisaccharide in the (1-->2)-mannan synthesis is attributed to steric interference by the n-3 residue and is consistent with the collapsed, disordered structure predicted by early computational work. The consistently high yields and selectivities seen in the synthesis of the (1-->4)-mannan are congruent with the more open, ordered structure originally predicted for this polymer. The lack of order in the structure of the (1-->2)-mannan, as compared to the high degree of order in the (1-->4)-mannan, is also evident from a comparison of the NMR spectra of the two polymers and even from their physical nature: the (1-->2)-mannan is a gum and the (1-->4)-mannan is a high melting solid.
Full-Chip Thermal Analysis for the Early Design Stage via Generalized Integral Transforms (2009)

The capability of predicting the temperature profile is critically important for timing estimation, leakage reduction, power estimation, hotspot avoidance and reliability concerns during modern IC design. This paper presents an accurate and fast analytical full-chip thermal simulator for early-stage temperature-aware chip design. By using the generalized integral transforms (GIT), an accurate formulation is derived to estimate the temperature distribution of full-chip with a truncated set of spatial bases which only needs very small truncation points. Then, we develop a fast Fourier transform like evaluating algorithm to efficiently evaluate the derived formulation. Experimental results confirm that the proposed GIT-based analyzer can achieve an order of magnitude speedup compared with a highly efficient Green's function-based thermal simulator. Finally, we propose a 3-D IC thermal simulator and demonstrate its efficiency and accuracy.
Buildup of Polyelectrolyte−Protein Multilayer Assemblies on Gold Electrodes. Role of the Hydrophobic Effect (2004)

The buildup of layer-by-layer assemblies onto gold surfaces from water-soluble charged polyelectrolytes and proteins is examined using quartz crystal microgravimetry (QCM) and electrochemical techniques. Polyelectrolytes such as poly(styrenesulfonate) and poly(ester sulfonic acid) (Eastman AQ-29D polymer) adsorb spontaneously onto gold, contrary to poly(ethyleneimine). From the modification of the gold surface with a thiol and specific adsorption of polymers under polarization conditions, it is concluded that the hydrophobicity of the gold surface seems to be a determining factor in the adsorption process. Alternate adsorption onto gold resonators first coated with AQ-29D polymer gives stable multilayer films in the case of positively charged lysozyme (pI = 11) or polyheme Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough cytochrome c3 (pI = 10.5). QCM frequency changes with the number of adsorption steps suggest that a linear increase in film mass occurs. Desulfomicrobium norvegicum polyheme cytochrome c3 (pI = 7), which has a null global charge at neutral pH, is shown to give also stable multilayer AQ-29D/cytochrome c3 films, suggesting that several types of interactions, especially the hydrophobic effect, are involved in the buildup process.
The Application of Pectin in Yogurt Drink (2002)

The influence of different type and different dosage of pectin on the stability of yogurt drink were studied, the influence of adding method of tripolyphosphate was also studied in this paper.
A Comparison of Silicon and Silicon Carbide MOSFET Switching Characteristics (2007)

Silicon carbide (SiC) is a wide-bandgap semiconductor material that has several promising properties for use in power electronics applications. While SiC manufacturing techniques are still being researched, several SiC devices such as SiC Schottky diodes have entered the market and are finding utility in numerous applications. In this paper, a new 1200 V, 10 A SiC MOSFET will be compared to 1000 V, 10 A Si MOSFET in terms of their dc and transient characteristics and their switching performance in a step-down converter. The SiC device compares favorably to the Si device tested as well as other Si devices available on the market for a similar voltage range.
Language-Independent Text Parsing of Arbitrary HTML-Documents. Towards A Foundation For Web Genre Identification (2005)

This article describes an approach to parsing and processing arbitrary web pages in order to detect macrostructural objects such as headlines, explicitlyand implicitly-marked lists, and text blocks of different types. The text parser analyses a document by means of several processing stages and inserts the analysis results directly into the DOM tree in the form of XML elements and attributes, so that both the original HTML structure, and the determined macrostructure are available at the same time for secondary processing steps. This text parser is being developed for a novel kind of search engine that aims to classify web pages into web genres so that the search engine user will be able to specify one or more keywords, as well as one or more web genres of the documents to be found.
Energy-Efficient Computation Offloading for Wearable Devices and Smartphones in Mobile Cloud Computing (2015)

Wearable devices are becoming increasingly popular and are expected to become essential in our everyday life. Despite continuous improvement of hardware, the lifetime of mobile devices and their capabilities still remain a concern. Small size of batteries of smart watches, glasses, helmets and gloves limits the amount of computing, storage and communication resources. Mobile cloud computing can augment the capabilities of wearable devices by helping to execute some of the computing tasks in the cloud. Such computational offloading helps to preserve battery power at the cost of more intensive communications with the cloud. In this paper, we present a model and comprehensive analysis for computational offloading between wearable devices and clouds in realistic setups.
Difluorinated Danishefsky's Diene:  A Versatile C<sub>4</sub> Building Block for the Fluorinated Six-Membered Rings (2001)

[reaction: see text] A Mg(0)/Me(3)SiCl system was found to be effective for the preparation of difluoro Danishefsky's dienes 2, which involves selective C-F bond cleavage of trifluoromethyl ketones 3. Subsequent hetero Diels-Alder reactions of 2 with aldehydes and imines gave a variety of fluorinated six-membered heterocycles.
Cancerostatica. II. Synthesis and preliminary cytostatic screening of some alpha-carboline derivatives. (1979)

6-Phenyl-and (6-pyridyl-3')-2-chloro-3-aminopyridines were transformed by treatment with HNO3 into the corresponding pyrido [4,5-b] triazoles [7,8]. In PPA medium at 180 degrees, triazoles 7 and 8 decompose to 2-substituted alpha-carbolines 9,10 and anilino-3-hydroxypyridines 11, 12. Some of these compounds showed significant cytostatic activity against transplanted Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and Nemeth-Kellner lymphoma.
A wideband low-noise variable-gain BiCMOS transimpedance amplifier (1994)

A new monolithic variable gain transimpedance amplifier is described. The circuit is realized in BiCMOS technology and has measured gain of 98 k/spl Omega/, bandwidth of 128 MHz, input noise current spectral density of 1.17 pA//spl radic/(Hz) and input signal-current handling capability of 3 mA.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Decentralized Approximate Bayesian Inference for Distributed Sensor Network (2016)

Bayesian models provide a framework for probabilistic modelling of complex datasets. Many such models are computationally demanding, especially in the presence of large datasets. In sensor network applications, statistical (Bayesian) parameter estimation usually relies on decentralized algorithms, in which both data and computation are distributed across the nodes of the network. In this paper we propose a framework for decentralized Bayesian learning using Bregman Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (B-ADMM).We demonstrate the utility of our framework, with Mean Field Variational Bayes (MFVB) as the primitive for distributed affine structure from motion (SfM).
Comparative Analysis of the MIR319a MicroRNA Locus in Arabidopsis and Related Brassicaceae (2008)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression in multicellular organisms. Yet, little is known about their molecular evolution. The 20- to 22-nt long miRNAs are processed in plants from foldbacks that are a few hundred base pairs in size. Often, these foldbacks are embedded in much larger precursor transcripts. To investigate functional constraints on sequence evolution of miRNA precursor genes, we have studied sequence variation in the precursor of miR319a, MIR319a, between species from the Brassicaceae. We compared the genomic context in Arabidopsis thaliana, Arabidopsis halleri, and Capsella rubella, using bacterial artificial chromosome clones, and analyzed precursor sequences obtained by polymerase chain reaction from 13 additional species. Phylogenetic shadowing identifies a conserved motif around the transcription start site, which we demonstrate to be functionally important. We further assessed the functionality of MIR319a orthologs from several Brassicaceae species in A. thaliana. The ortholog from kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) was found to be largely inactive, at least partially due to mutations in the miRNA itself, but experimental evidence suggests that loss of miR319a function is compensated by other members of the miR319 family. More broadly, we find that the foldback diverges less rapidly than the remainder of the primary transcript. To understand the molecular evolution of miRNA genes, investigations at different levels of phylogenetic divergence are required.
Microstructure, creep, and tensile behavior of a Ti–12Al–38Nb (at.%) beta+orthorhombic alloy (1999)

The microstructural evolution, creep, and tensile deformation behavior of a Ti–12Al–38Nb (at.%) alloy were studied. Monolithic sheet materials were produced through conventional thermomechanical processing techniques comprising nonisothermal forging and pack rolling. TEM studies showed that depending on the heat-treatment schedule, this alloy contains two constituent phases including: β (disordered body-centered cubic) and O (ordered orthorhombic based on Ti2AlNb). Heat treatments at all temperatures above 800°C, followed by water quenching, resulted in fully-β microstructures. Below 800°C, fine Widmanstatten O-phase needles precipitated within the β grains. Fully-β microstructures exhibited room-temperature (RT) elongations of more than 27%. The second-phase O precipitates provided strengthening at the expense of elongation. However, RT elongations of more than 12% were recorded for aged microstructures containing 30 vol.% O-phase. Metallographic observations revealed that slip was compatible between the two phases. Tensile creep tests were conducted in the temperature range 650–705°C and stress range 50–172 MPa. The deformation observations and measured creep exponents and activation energies suggested that the creep mechanisms were dependent on stress. For applied stresses less than 123 MPa, the creep exponents were between 1.6 and 2.0 and low dislocation densities were observed. For higher stresses, the stress exponents were between 3.5 and 7.2 and higher dislocation densities were observed. The calculated activation energies for the low-stress regime were approximately half those calculated for the high stress regime. These data suggest that Coble creep operates at low stress levels and dislocation climb is active at high stresses. Microstructural effects on the tensile properties and creep behavior are discussed in the light of existing models.
Error correcting codes, perfect hashing circuits, and deterministic dynamic dictionaries (1998)

We consider dictionaries of size n over the finite universe U = {0, 1} and introduce a new technique for their implementation: error correcting codes. The use of such codes makes it possible to replace the use of strong forms of hashing, such as universal hashing, with much weaker forms, such as clustering. We use our approach to construct, for any > 0, a deterministic solution to the dynamic dictionary problem using linear space, with worst case time O(n ) for insertions and deletions, and worst case time O(1) for lookups. This is the first deterministic solution to the dynamic dictionary problem with linear space, constant query time, and non-trivial update time. In particular, we get a solution to the static dictionary problem with O(n) space, worst case query time O(1), and deterministic initialization time O(n1+ ). The best previous deterministic initialization time for such dictionaries, due to Andersson, is O(n2+ ). The model of computation for these bounds is a unit cost ∗Supported by the ESPRIT Long Term Research Programme of the EU under project number 20244 (ALCOM-IT). †Basic Research in Computer Science, Centre of the Danish National Research Foundation
On the Performance and Scaling of Symmetric Lateral Bipolar Transistors on SOI (2013)

The performance potential and scaling characteristics of thin-base SOI symmetric lateral bipolar transistors were examined using 1-D analytic equations for the currents and capacitances. The device can operate at collector current densities >100 mA/μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , and it scales similarly to CMOS in terms of density. The physical base width is scalable to less than 20 nm. Multiple devices of different specifications can be integrated on a chip. A sample design is shown to have f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> > 200 GHz, f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> >1 THz, V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">A</sub> > 4V, and a self gain of 60. A balanced design is shown to have 350-GHz <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">fT</i> and 700-GHz <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">f</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> , <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">VA</i> of 2.4 V, and a self gain of 20. These results are superior to those reported for 32 nm SOI CMOS. The results suggest a need to rethink bipolar circuit design. They also suggest opportunities for novel bipolar and BiCMOS circuits. The devices in high-speed Si-base bipolar circuits operate at about 1.0 V. The path toward 0.5 V bipolar circuits is to use semiconductors with smaller bandgap, such as Ge.
Aeroelasticity Past Present and Future (1987)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The progress of events and pursuits involving aeroelastic phenomena in Australia is outlined in this paper. They concern one organisation alone with a continuing endeavour in the subject. In the main the systems developed over the years for aeroelastic evaluation have been driven by two factors, the first the forces of circumstance and event and second the isolation of Australia from the mainstream of development in the Northern Hemisphere. The latter indicates a little of the pioneering spirit of a young country. All that has been achieved to now has been the product of a series of engineers, who from the earliest creative days, have in turn sought to further the art, broaden its' application and meet the challenges that have arisen in the design, development and operation of aircraft in this country. The author thanks them all.</div>
Actin cap associated focal adhesions and their distinct role in cellular mechanosensing (2012)

The ability for cells to sense and adapt to different physical microenvironments plays a critical role in development, immune responses, and cancer metastasis. Here we identify a small subset of focal adhesions that terminate fibers in the actin cap, a highly ordered filamentous actin structure that is anchored to the top of the nucleus by the LINC complexes; these differ from conventional focal adhesions in morphology, subcellular organization, movements, turnover dynamics, and response to biochemical stimuli. Actin cap associated focal adhesions (ACAFAs) dominate cell mechanosensing over a wide range of matrix stiffness, an ACAFA-specific function regulated by actomyosin contractility in the actin cap, while conventional focal adhesions are restrictively involved in mechanosensing for extremely soft substrates. These results establish the perinuclear actin cap and associated ACAFAs as major mediators of cellular mechanosensing and a critical element of the physical pathway that transduce mechanical cues all the way to the nucleus.
An energy saving strategy based on adaptive loop parallelization (2002)

In this paper, we evaluate an adaptive loop parallelization strategy (i.e., a strategy that allows each loop nest to execute using different number of processors if doing so is beneficial) and measure the potential energy savings when unused processors during execution of a nested loop in a multi-processor on-a-chip (MPoC) are shut down (i.e., placed into a power-down or sleep state). Our results show that shutting down unused processors can lead to as much as 67% energy savings with up to 17% performance loss in a set of array-intensive applications. We also discuss and evaluate a processor pre-activation strategy based on compile-time analysis of nested loops. Based on our experiments, we conclude that an adaptive loop parallelization strategy combined with idle processor shut-down and pre-activation can be very effective in reducing energy consumption without increasing execution time.