gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Three-Mirror Anastigmat Used Off-Axis In Aperture And Field</title> (1979)

A new variation on an older optical form, the three-mirror anastigmat, has been designed. Using the form off-axis in both aperture and field allows for an unobscured system that can be packaged in a small volume without any auxiliary folding mirrors. Significant extensions both in speed and in field of view have been made. Two examples are shown, i. e. , (a) a 3° x 6° field of view, f/2.6 design with 0.17 mrad resolution, and (b) a 0.5° x 10° field of view f/3.0 design with approximately 0.10-mrad resolution. Both designs have flat focal surfaces and good shielding from stray radiation. The performance of these two systems has been enhanced by tilting and decentering the mirrors by small amounts during the final optimization stages. This technique, which makes it possible to put the conic surfaces to the best optical use, is applicable because of the off-axis nature of the design.
New high-refractive-index organic/inorganic hybrid materials from sol-gel processing (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew high-refractive-index organic/inorganic hybrid materials from sol-gel processingB. Wang, G. L. Wilkes, J. C. Hedrick, S. C. Liptak, and J. E. McGrathCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 11, 3449–3450Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00011a063https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00011a063research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1732Altmetric-Citations152LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Improvement of amplitude-divided electron holography (1993)

Compared with the wavefront-divided electron holography obtained by an electron biprism, the amplitude-divided one proposed by Matteucci et al . has some essential advantages: less necessary coherency, wide interference area and available to most of transmission electron microscopes. In order to confirm and achieve these advantages in practical use, we introduce some improvements in both hologram formation and reconstruction steps. Two electron-optical setups and experimental results are presented for small objects (<1 μm) and much large objects (>1 μm), respectively. The electron-optics for taking the holograms of small objects is illustrated in Figure 1. A single crystal thin film (gold film of 0.2nm lattice spacing is used in our experiment) is placed on the objects (latex particles of 120 nm on a thin carbon film are used here) with a certain gap. In fact, the gap is spontaneously made by the microgrids of the specimen film and the crystal film.
Development of Propellants Containing Ammonium Nitrate. (1996)

The phase properties of ammoniurn nitrate (AN) were investigated using thermal analysis by means of X-ray diffraction for unambiguous results. A series of X-ray diffraction patterns were measured while the samples were heated and cooled and the phases and their transitions occurring on heating and cooling were identified. Rietveld refinement was used to extract structural data from the diffraction patterns. Attempts were made to improve the phase behaviour of AN by incorporating amine complexes into the lattice. The resulting products as well as pure AN were produced in necessary quantities in a pilot plant, as spherical particles for propellant development. Propellant development was carried out with AN, GAP and energetic plasticizers as main ingredients. Thermodynamic calculations revealed that specific impulses of about 235 s could be expected, which was confirmed in the experimental work. The prepared propellants showed acceptable stabilities in the Dutch and the vacuum stability test, when stabilizers selected from tbe phenylamine family were used. The propellants yielded burning rates up to 8 mints and pressure exponents n < 0.6 . With the 50 mmgap test usingPMMAmaterial, results were obtained which meet the insensitive ammunition requirements according to MIL Standard.
Tunable all-optical signal regenerator with a semiconductor optical amplifier and a Sagnac loop: principles of operation (2005)

In this paper we investigate the wavelength conversion and regeneration properties of a tunable all-optical signal regenerator (TASR). In the TASR, the wavelength conversion is done by a semiconductor optical amplifier, which is incorporated in an asymmetric Sagnac loop (ASL). We demonstrate both theoretically and experimentally that the ASL regenerates the incident signal's bit pattern, reduces its noise, increases the extinction ratio (which in many aspects is equivalent to noise reduction) and improves its bit-error rate. We also demonstrate the general behavior of the TASR with a numerical simulation.
Double photonic bandgap hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (2009)

We report on the design, fabrication and characterization of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber with two robust bandgaps that bridge the benchmark laser wavelengths of 1064 nm and 1550 nm. The higher-order bandgap arises due to the extremely thin struts of the silica cladding and their fine-tuning relative to the apex size. The optimum strut thickness was found to be approximately one hundredth of the cladding pitch.
Sustainable Chemicals Development for Drilling Fluid Application (2023)

Abstract In oil and gas drilling industry, drilling fluid plays a vital role and is being circulated through out the drilling operation from spudding to completion. Drilling fluid provides hydrostatic stability to wellbore. It is also used to cool down the downhole tools. In addition to the above mentioned functions, drilling fluid is responsible to carry cuttings to surface, provide lubricity and stabilize shale formation. There are variety of chemicals added to drilling fluid to provide properties viscosity, density, emulsion stability, lubricity and fluid loss control. Developing environmentally friendly additives. Development of drilling fluid chemicals that are sustainable and benign to environment to provide the aforementioned properties is a significant step towards achieving sustainability and reducing carbon footprint besides suitability for drilling across aquifers and offshore environments. We have studied the applicability of used cooking oil to obtain fatty acid and their derivatives and evaluated its performance as emulsifiers and lubricants for drilling fluid applications.
Spectral Based Color Image Editing (SBCIE) (1996)

Spectral based color image editing systems include methods for generating spectral representations of surfaces and illuminants from input signals of image capture devices (such as digital cameras and scanners), editing spectral representations of surfaces and illuminants in a scene, and transforming spectral representations of surfaces and illuminants to output signals of image devices (such as CRT and LCD displays and color printers).
Specific identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with the luciferase reporter mycobacteriophage: use of p-nitro-alpha-acetylamino-beta-hydroxy propiophenone (1997)

We have previously described a luciferase reporter mycobacteriophage (LRP) assay that can detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis and characterize mycobacterial drug susceptibility patterns within 24 to 48 h in positive cultures. One drawback of this LRP protocol is the ability of the recombinant mycobacteriophage phAE40 to infect a variety of Mycobacterium species, thus limiting its specificity for the detection of M. tuberculosis. In this study, we have (i) explored the host range of phAE40, (ii) developed a modified LRP assay that exploits the selective inhibitory effect of the compound p-nitro-alpha-acetylamino-beta-hydroxy propiophenone (NAP) against members of the M. tuberculosis complex to differentiate between the tubercle bacillus and other mycobacterial species, and (iii) tested over 300 samples, including primary clinical isolates and drug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis, demonstrating the ability of the NAP-modified LRP assay to identify M. tuberculosis complex organisms with high degrees of sensitivity and specificity.
Multi-band coupling analysis for superconducting qubits based on coplanar cross-shape resonators (2016)

Multi-mode resonator is usually used to design broadband bandpass filters and the cross-shape resonator (CSR) is one of its typical types. We explore the possibility of utilizing cross-shape multi-mode resonators as a signal controller for superconducting qubits that are coplanar to the resonator. The multi-mode qubit-resonator coupling would facilitate the design of future quantum information processor. Two scenarios of the coplanar CSR models with different coupling schemes are proposed. Compared with single-mode resonators, we provide multi-band coupling ranges 5.39 GHz-5.54 GHz and 7.21 GHz-7.42 GHz during the tunable frequency range of the superconducting qubit.
High-speed CMOS analog-to-digital converter for front-end receiver applications (2007)

Modern front-end receivers perform direct conversion of an analog signal to digital form at intermediate frequencies (IF), simplifying the overall system design and alleviating the problems associated with IF mixers. The final aspiration is to directly digitize the RF signal and hence eliminate any RF/analog mixers. In order to direct digitize the analog input signal, a high dynamic-range and high-speed ADC is needed. Continuous-Time Bandpass Delta-Sigma Modulator can meet these specifications, using high-performance multi-bit quantizers. This article presents the design of a high-speed CMOS Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) to be used as a quantizer in modern digital receivers. It is designed in a 130 nm CMOS technology from STMicroelectronics. The main features of the ADC are 3-bit resolution with 4 GHz sample rate in a 0.8-2GHz bandwidth.
Large Scale Image Mosaic Construction for Agricultural Applications (2016)

We present a novel technique for stitching images including those obtained from aerial vehicles flying at low altitudes. Existing image stitching/mosaicking methods rely on inter-image homography computation based on a planar scene assumption. This assumption holds when images are taken from high-altitudes (hence the depth variation is negligible). It is often violated when flying at low altitudes. Furthermore, to avoid scale and resolution changes, existing methods rely on primarily translational motion at fixed altitudes. Our method removes these limitations and performs well even when aerial images are taken from low altitudes by an aerial vehicle performing complex motions. It starts by extracting the ground geometry from a sparse reconstruction of the scene obtained from a small fraction of the input images. Next, it selects the best image (from the entire sequence) for each location on the ground using a novel camera selection criterion. This image is then independently rectified to obtain the corresponding portion of the mosaic. Therefore, the technique avoids performing costly joint-optimization over the entire sequence. It is validated using challenging input sequences motivated by agricultural applications.
Abstract 2983: Tumor-specific CD28 costimulatory bispecific antibodies enhance T cell activation in solid tumors (2023)

Abstract T cells in the tumor micro-environment require TCR/MHC engagement and co-stimulatory receptor engagement to achieve optimal activation. Solid tumor cells lack expression of CD28 ligands, so we hypothesized that activation of CD28 signaling at the T cell/tumor cell interface could enhance anti-tumor activity. We developed a CD28 bispecific platform that allows for the rapid generation of tumor-associated antigen (TAA) x CD28 bispecific antibodies that conditionally provide CD28 costimulation only in the presence of TAA and TCR engagement. Here, we present results for a set of bispecific antibodies with broad applicability across a range of solid tumors, including CEACAM5 x CD28, Trop-2 x CD28, STEAP1 x CD28, and mesothelin x CD28. We developed optimized CD28 scFv and Fabs that cover a range of affinities and are only agonistic in the context of TCR engagement. A matrix of bispecifics pairing these CD28 binders with CEACAM5, Trop-2, STEAP1, and mesothelin antibodies of varying affinities and epitopes were generated using Xencor’s XmAb® bispecific antibody platform. Activities of these bispecifics were assessed in vitro by measuring T cell proliferation, cytokine production, and cytotoxicity in co-cultures of human cancer cell lines mixed with primary human T cells. CEACAM5 x CD28, Trop-2 x CD28, STEAP1 x CD28, and mesothelin x CD28 bispecifics enhanced T cell degranulation, cytokine secretion, and cancer cell cytotoxicity only in concert with TCR engagement. IHC was used to compare TAA expression on cancer cell lines versus that found on cancer tissues, allowing categorization of cell lines as high density (tumor surrogate) or low density (normal tissue surrogate). CD28 bispecifics were identified with selective potency on high versus low expressing cell lines, suggesting a favorable therapeutic index. CD28 bispecific antibodies co-targeting CEACAM5, Trop-2, STEAP1, and mesothelin show promising activity and warrant further development across a range of solid tumors. Citation Format: Matthew A. Dragovich, Viralkumar Davra, Matthew S. Faber, Yoon Kyung Kim, Alex Nisthal, Veronica G. Zeng, Jonathan Jacinto, Juan E. Diaz, Thuy Truong, Jing Qi, Kendra N. Avery, Rumana Rashid, Sung-Hyung Lee, Seung Y. Chu, Christine Bonzon, Ruschelle Love, Matthew J. Bernett, James A. Ernst, Rena Bahjat, Norman J. Barlow, John R. Desjarlais, Michael Hedvat, Gregory L. Moore. Tumor-specific CD28 costimulatory bispecific antibodies enhance T cell activation in solid tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 2983.
Uniform-rosette color halftoning for <inline-formula><math display="inline" overflow="scroll"><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow></math></inline-formula>-color moiré-free printing (2008)

Presented is a unique halftone geometric configuration for color halftone printing with an arbitrary number of colorants. The configuration uses a plurality of halftone screens to produce prints that are moir free and possess uniform hexagonal periodic rosettes. Moir-free N-color halftoning is achieved by selecting halftone frequencies from harmonics of two rosette fundamental frequencies. With such screen configurations, the interference between any halftone frequency components, fundamentals, or higher-order harmonics of different colorants is a linear integer combination of the two rosette fundamental frequencies. The linear integer combination produces a hexagonal grid of frequency components with no components lower than the rosette frequencies other than the zero-frequency component. Thus, no visible interference, or moir, occurs within the halftone screen combinations. The observed halftone pattern is a visually pleasing, two-dimensionally uniformly repeated hexagonal rosette. The uniform-rosette configurations can be implemented using digital single-cell nonorthogonal halftone screens. The uniform-rosette method can be used with conventional cyan-magenta-yellow-black halftone printing or with printing systems that require a relatively large number of halftone screens. The additional screens can be used for enhanced printing applications, such as printing with high-fidelity colorants, light colorants, or special colorants, such as white, metallic, and fluorescent.
Luminal surface fabrication for cardiovascular prostheses (1987)

Methods to produce highly ordered, specific surface morphologies on poly-tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE Teflon) surfaces were developed. These methods included the use of photolithographic techniques for pattern definition and directed argon ion beam sputter etching to produce the desired surface morphology. Use of these techniques resulted in the formation of regular arrays of sharply defined hexagonal pillars with smooth, vertical walls with heights of up to 80 microns. Pillar height-to-width ratios ranged up to 5.2-1. Surface hole depths of up to approximately 80 microns were also obtained. These surface morphologies could have an important application in medicine for improving the patency of cardiovascular prostheses. This would be accomplished by creating a luminal surface in the implant which promotes the development of a healthy neointima lining.
Preclinical Evidence of Anti-Tumor Activity Induced by EZH2 Inhibition in Human Models of Synovial Sarcoma (2016)

The catalytic activities of covalent and ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling are central to regulating the conformational state of chromatin and the resultant transcriptional output. The enzymes that catalyze these activities are often contained within multiprotein complexes in nature. Two such multiprotein complexes, the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) methyltransferase and the SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeler have been reported to act in opposition to each other during development and homeostasis. An imbalance in their activities induced by mutations/deletions in complex members (e.g. SMARCB1) has been suggested to be a pathogenic mechanism in certain human cancers. Here we show that preclinical models of synovial sarcoma-a cancer characterized by functional SMARCB1 loss via its displacement from the SWI/SNF complex through the pathognomonic SS18-SSX fusion protein-display sensitivity to pharmacologic inhibition of EZH2, the catalytic subunit of PRC2. Treatment with tazemetostat, a clinical-stage, selective and orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of EZH2 enzymatic activity reverses a subset of synovial sarcoma gene expression and results in concentration-dependent cell growth inhibition and cell death specifically in SS18-SSX fusion-positive cells in vitro. Treatment of mice bearing either a cell line or two patient-derived xenograft models of synovial sarcoma leads to dose-dependent tumor growth inhibition with correlative inhibition of trimethylation levels of the EZH2-specific substrate, lysine 27 on histone H3. These data demonstrate a dependency of SS18-SSX-positive, SMARCB1-deficient synovial sarcomas on EZH2 enzymatic activity and suggests the potential utility of EZH2-targeted drugs in these genetically defined cancers.
Carboranylmethylene-Substituted Cyclophosphazene Polymers (1988)

New synthesis produces unusual electrical and chemical properties. New class of polymers based on cyclophosphazene monomers substituted with carboranylmethylene groups. Starting material commercially available.
<title>Material removal rate fiber optic corrosion sensor</title> (1998)

Fiber Bragg grating sensors generally consist of a single grating written in a low-birefringent optical fiber. The wavelength shift of the peak in the reflected spectrum from these sensors can be used to measure a single component of strain or a change in temperature [Lawrence, 1997]. Fibers are also available with a significant enough birefringence to maintain the polarization state along great lengths and through many turns. This 'polarization maintaining' fiber is commercially available through several companies and in several configurations (including different cladding material and wavelength shift). The grating usually extends approximately 3 mm - 5 m in length. Udd gives a detailed explanation of fiber optics, Bragg gratings and birefringence [Udd, 1991]. As light from an LED is passed through the fiber, only the wavelength consistent with the grating period will be reflected back towards the source. All other wavelengths will pass through. The reflected spectrum will shift as the fiber is strained along its axis at the grating location. Strain or temperature changes at any other location have negligible effect on the wavelength encoded data output. When the Fiber Bragg grating single-axis sensor (termed fiber hereafter) is strained transversely the wavelength will separate into two distinct peaks according to a mathematical relationship defined by Lawrence and Nelson [Lawrence, Nelson et al. 96]. Using these Fiber Bragg grating fibers a corrosion sensor which measures the rate of material was developed. The principle behind this newly developed corrosion sensor is to pre-stress the fiber with a known load. The load is applied by inducing a uniform hoop stress through pressure fitted cylinders around the fiber. This induced stress creates a broadening of the reflected spectrum until the bifurcation of the reflected intensity peaks is distinguishable. As the material from the outer cylinder corrodes away the applied stress will be relieved. Finally, when no load is achieved, the reflected spectrum will have a single peak centered around the nominal Bragg grating wavelength. If a polarizing-maintaining 3-axis grating is used then the sensor would be even more sensitive, having two distinct peaks in each wavelength regime which shift.
System for Verifiable CT Radiation Dose Optimization Based on Image Quality. Part I. Optimization Model (2013)

CT image quality and radiation dose can be mathematically predicted and optimized on the basis of patient size and radiologist-specific image noise target curves.
Coil Layout Optimization for Maximizing the Power Transfer Efficiency of Wireless Power Transfer Systems With Multiple Transmitter Coils (2019)

This paper proposes a new gradient-based coil layout optimization method that can determine the optimal receiver coils to maximize the power transfer efficiency of a multitransmitter wireless power transfer (WPT) system. The smooth boundary-based coil representation allows for a precise change of coil layout during optimization, thereby more accurately evaluating the performance of the WPT system. The power transfer capacity, power transfer efficiency, and coil mass are mathematically expressed in terms of design variables (i.e., coil turns for the transmitter and receiver, and input voltage), and their analytical sensitivities are derived with respect to design variables to efficiently conduct gradient-based optimization. Through the proposed coil layout optimization, the optimal receiver coils for the wireless portable charger are determined to maximize the power transfer efficiency while satisfying the given power transfer capacity and coil mass requirements. Then, the experiments are conducted under the same working conditions to prove the validity of the proposed method.