gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular Weight Dependence of Hydrodynamic and Thermodynamic Properties for Well-Defined Linear Polymers in Solution (1994)

Data on hydrodynamic and thermodynamic properties of several well-defined, linear flexible polymer chains in thermodynamically good solvents and theta solvents are tabulated and critically evaluated. The polymers considered are 1,4-polybutadiene, 1,4-polyisoprene, polyisobutylene, polystyrene, and poly(α-methylstyrene). Extensive data, obtained as a function of molecular weight, are evaluated for the intrinsic viscosity, radius of gyration, hydrodynamic radius, and second virial coefficient. The resulting power law relationships between the measured properties and polymer molecular weight are reported.
The secretion of high molecular weight cathepsin B from cultured human liver cancers. (1989)

The biochemical characteristics of cathepsin B secreted from cultured human liver cancer cells were examined. The enzyme activity of culture medium against a synthetic substrate, N-carbobenzoxy-L-arginyl-L-arginine-4-methyl-coumaryl-7-amide, was dependent on the addition of cysteine, and the optimal pH was found to be 6.0. No activity was observed when the enzyme source was fresh medium not used for culture. These results suggest that the enzyme released from liver cancer cells is the thiol-protease cathepsin B. The molecular weight of the enzyme with 90% of the total activity was 40,000. Two cathepsin B molecules were found in liver tissue from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); one was equivalent in size to the secreted enzyme, and a smaller one was the same as normal liver cathepsin B (27,000), which was also obtained from HCC-bearing cirrhotic liver. These results demonstrate that two molecules of cathepsin B are synthesized in liver cancer, and that the larger one is released into the surrounding tissue.
Prevention of bone loss by vitamin D supplementation in elderly women: a randomized double-blind trial. (1995)

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on bone turnover and bone loss in elderly women. Three hundred forty-eight women, ages 70 yr and older, were randomized to receive 400 IU vitamin D3 per day (n = 177) or placebo (n = 171), double-blind, for a period of 2 yr. Main outcome measures were bone mineral density of both hips (femoral neck and trochanter) and the distal radius, as well as biochemical markers of bone turnover. The effect of vitamin D supplementation was expressed as the difference in mean (percentage) change between the placebo group and the vitamin D group. The measurements were repeated in 283 women after 1 yr and in 248 women after 2 yr. Vitamin D supplementation significantly increased serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (250HD) (+35 nmol/L) and 1,25-dehydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH)2D] (+7.0 pmol/L) levels and urinary calcium/creatinine ratios (+0.5%) and significantly decreased PTH(1-84) secretion (-0.74 pmol/L) after 1 yr. No effect was found for the parameters of bone turnover. The effect on the bone mineral density of the left femoral neck was +1.8% in the first yr, +0.2% in the second yr, and +1.9% during the whole period (95% confidence interval 0.4, 3.4%). At the right femoral neck the effects were +1.5%, +1.1%, and +2.6% (confidence interval 1.1, 4.0%), respectively. No effect was found at the femoral trochanter and the distal radius. Supplementation with 400 IU vitamin D3 daily in elderly women slightly decreases PTH secretion and increases bone mineral density at the femoral neck.
The role of the membrane-spanning domain and stalk region of <i>N</i>-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I in retention, kin recognition and structural maintenance of the Golgi apparatus in HeLa cells (1996)

Using a series of chimeric and truncated N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (NAGT I) molecules we have shown that part of the lumenal stalk region is both necessary and sufficient for kin recognition of mannosidase II and retention in the Golgi stack. The membrane-spanning domain was not required for retention, but replacing part or all of this domain with leucine residues did have a dramatic effect on Golgi morphology. In stable cell lines, stacked cisternae were replaced by tubulo-vesicular clusters containing the mutated NAGT I. The loss of stacked cisternae was proportional to the number of leucines used to replace the membrane-spanning domain.
High efficiency planar MCLEDs (2005)

Abstract The physics of microcavities have been a subject of intense study over the past 25 years. This work stimulated a large body of experimental and theoretical work on the optimization of the light extraction properties of light‐emitting diodes. Not only has this led to the current high efficiency microcavity LEDs but also to the high brightness LEDs based on other approaches, which are presently available on the market. An overview of the state of the art of planar semiconductor microcavity LEDs will be presented. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Impedimetric multifunctional Sensor Based on Rubber-CNTs-orange Dye Nanocomposite Fabricated by Rubbing-in Technology (2021)

This study presents the fabrication and investigation of rubber-carbon nanotubes-orange dye (rubber-CNTs-OD) nanocomposite based resistive and impedimetric sensors. These shockproof multifunctional sensors may be used for displacement, pressure, force, humidity and temperature sensing. Rubbing-in technology was used to fabricate the coplanar sensors on rubber substrates of dimensions 12x5x5 mm3. In the middle of the substrates, the OD-CNTs mixture (1:1 wt.%) was rubbed-in to make 3 mm wide and 12-18 μm deep active layer. On both sides of the active layer the rubber-CNTs layers were formed, that act as conductive electrodes. The length, width and the thickness of the electrodes were 4-5 mm, 5 mm and 12-18 μm, respectively. The resistance and the impedance of the sensors decreased under the effect of compressive displacement, pressure, humidity and temperature. These reductions were -43 Ω/μm to -73 Ω/μm, -3950 Ω-cm2/kgf to -6008 Ω-cm2/kgf, -187 Ω/%RH to -981 Ω/%RH and -216 Ω/°C to -270 Ω/°C, respectively. The force (in perpendicular direction to the length) causes to increase the resistance and impedance (60 Ω/gf to 300 Ω/gf). The probable reasons of the observed changes in the resistance and impedance of the sensor have been described.
Experiences with OGSA-DAI: Portlet Access and Benchmark (2003)

Portals have proven to be useful client-side applications for providing user-oriented services for accessing the grid. Grids are increasingly being used for collaborative work within the scientific community. The job processing time for high performance computations can be reduced by the usage of computational grids, with its wide availability to resources. Grid users would similarly benefit from having access to databases, mainly, those involved in collaborative data analysis of large datasets and those requiring sharing of data. OGSA-DAI provides an extension to the OGSA framework by allowing access to and integration of data held in heterogeneous data resources. In this paper, we describe our experiences in designing and building a portlet to OGSA-DAI and in testing the grid services access to a relational database by means of a synthetic database workload.
Interference Localization for Satellite Navigation Systems (2016)

Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) and, in particular, the global positioning system (GPS) have become ubiquitous in safety critical infrastructure. Vulnerability of GNSS to radio frequency interference (RFI) from either intentional (jamming) or unintentional sources is an ever growing concern. Hence, GNSS itself has become critical infrastructure which must be protected and its vulnerability to interference alleviated. As the RFI source is unknown a priori, passive localization systems are required; this adds an order of difficulty when compared with transmitter location systems with known and cooperative sources. The need for rapidly localizing the RFI leads to sensor network techniques which consist of spatially distributed sensor nodes (SNs). The localization systems typically use the received signal strength (RSS), source angle of arrival (AOA)/ direction of arrival (DOA), time difference of arrival (TDOA) or a combination of AOA(DOA)/TDOA or frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) measurements to estimate the RFI position. This paper provides an overview of existing systems from the literature and a comparison of these different interference geo-localization techniques.
Decentralized Public Key Infrastructure for Internet-of-Things (2018)

In many envisioned IoT applications, security is crucial. However, designing and/or deploying existing security techniques in IoT systems is not straightforward due to the inherent heterogeneity of IoT devices as well as their huge number. A critical security building block is represented by the Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) relying on Certificate Authorities (CAs). However, even a single-point-of-failure in a PKI may affect entire IoT systems due to its centralized nature. Failures have far reaching effects as the number of IoT devices increases. Furthermore, it is difficult for the owners of IoT devices to manage the certificates for their IoT devices since there are no standard protocols for retrieving, installing and updating the certificates. As a result, IoT device manufacturers often install certificates on the devices on behalf of the owners of the devices, which introduces the risk that the private keys of the devices are leaked by the manufacturers. In this paper, we propose a decentralized PKI for IoT, called IoT-PKI, which utilizes distributed nodes in a blockchain network instead of CAs, and thus addresses scalability. IoT-PKI protects against key leakages at device manufacturers since it allows the owners of IoT devices to manage the certificates of their IoT devices. Finally, we show the feasibility and efficiency of IoT-PKI through our prototype implementation and experiments.
Dynamic protocol functionality in cognitive future internet elements (2022)

Composing communication protocols as needed is a topic researched for a long time with moving focus. Nevertheless the vast flexibility of these proposals also prevented the real world success: there was no management solution available that could cope with the many degrees of freedom such architectures offer. This paper discusses the Dynamic Protocol Composition (DPC) architecture developed in the Self-NET project which aims at integrating cognition and autonomics in self-managed networks by the Generic Cognitive Cycle consisting of three phases: Monitoring, Decision-Making and Execution. The presented DPC architecture is therefore designed to serve as an execution capability for a powerful and intelligent decision making process. Since the various potential use cases of DPC in autonomous networks differ heavily with respect to situation awareness and decision making, an example is given. Furthermore the architecture and operation of the DPC implementation is presented. First experiments on packet loss compensation show that dynamically applying Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) using DPC on routers allows to improve quality of service and network performance significantly without constantly adding load to the link concerned.
New Initiative for Global TB Control (1995)

AN INTERNATIONAL group of experts has developed a set of recommendations for the global control of tuberculosis (TB), while lashing out at governments and pharmaceutical companies for ignoring the world's top infectious disease killer. Their strategy reiterates the importance of completed chemotherapy as a means to cure TB and prevent its spread. The broad-based recommendations note the promise of molecular techniques in new drug and vaccine development, as well as the roles that patient and physician behavior play in controlling the disease. But TB also is a highly political disease, experts stressed during a 2-day conference in Washington, DC, where they finalized the recommendations. London, England—based medical journal<i>The Lancet</i>sponsored the meeting and published the recommendations in its September 23 issue. The politics of TB have been evident in the United States for more than two decades, said Lee B. Reichman, MD, MPH, executive director of the New Jersey
CARACTÉRISATION HYDROCHIMIQUE SAISONNIÈRE (ÉTIAGE ET CRUE) ET VULNÉRABILITÉ ENVIRONNEMENTALE DE LA RESSOURCE EN EAU DE LA RETENUE DE MOKOLO (EXTRÊME-NORD CAMEROUN) (2014)

The contribution of this work is a hydrochemical characterization andstudy of the environmental vulnerability of the water resources of the waterretention of Mokolo in the Far North of Cameroon, built in 1979 bydamming the upstream part of the Mayo-Tsanaga, and which is used tosupply drinking water for a population of about 800,000 inhabitants. Extremeanthropogenic pressures during the period of low water make vulnerableresource towards the pollution while the wet season rainfall result insignificant changes in the mineralization of the water due to leaching fromagricultural land in the watershed. The analysis of the results shows avariation during low water and flood water of the hydrochemical faciesconsidering a diverse origin of acquisition of the mineralization factors. Inaddition, high concentrations of certain ions during flood highlight the extentof human agricultural activities on physicochemical quality of waterresources.
Research on the disposal of negative partial product for booth algorithm (2010)

Booth algorithm is the classic method of partial product (PP) encoding in hardware design of multiplier, which is adopted by nearly all modern multipliers. This paper carries deep research on the disposal of negative PP based on Radix-4 Booth algorithm. Through recombining PP, it advances a skilled method avoiding the additive arithmetic of “plus 1” when computing the complement for negative PP, without increasing new PP. We prove this disposal correct and advanced in theory, and experimentalize it in multiplier design. The experiment result shows it could obviously improve the performance of multiplier. This method is of great significance for shortening the key path of multiplier and then improving its execution speed, which could be applied in all multipliers based on Radix-4 Booth encoding.
Targeting VDAC-bound hexokinase II: a promising approach for concomitant anti-cancer therapy (2013)

The dual role of HKII in cancer cells makes it an attractive target for anti-cancer therapy. Several agents, either synthetic or plant-derived, that target hexokinase and induce VDAC-HK complex dissociation have been identified to date. Targeting hexokinase, HK-VDAC complexes as well as other glycolytic proteins not only improves the efficacy of commonly used drugs. The most prominent benefit of this approach is the ability to overcome drug resistance, for example, to cisplatin or sorafenib. In some cases, it could create an insurmountable challenge for selection of appropriate therapy. Future studies and trials should address the issue of how to transfer these approaches into clinical practice.
Hybrid precoding for millimeter wave cellular systems with partial channel knowledge (2013)

Next-generation cellular standards may leverage the large bandwidth available at millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies to provide gigabit-per-second data rates in outdoor wireless systems. A main challenge in realizing mmWave cellular is achieving sufficient operating link margin, which is enabled via directional beamforming with large antenna arrays. Due to the high cost and power consumption of high-bandwidth mixed-signal devices, mmWave beamforming will likely include a combination of analog and digital processing. In this paper, we develop an iterative hybrid beamforming algorithm for the single user mmWave channel. The proposed algorithm accounts for the limitations of analog beamforming circuitry and assumes only partial channel knowledge at both the base and mobile stations. The precoding strategy exploits the sparse nature of the mmWave channel and uses a variant of matching pursuit to provide simple solutions to the hybrid beamforming problem. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can approach the rates achieved by unconstrained digital beamforming solutions.
${W}$ -Band Time-Domain Multiplexing FMCW MIMO Radar for Far-Field 3-D Imaging (2017)

In this paper, a radar demonstrator system with real-time capability operating at W -band is presented. It operates at 90-100 GHz and provides 3-D information about the illuminated scene. The system uses frequency modulated continuous wave signals to extract range information whereupon long-range applications are aimed at. It consists of a sparse array of 22 transmitting and 22 receiving antennas and makes use of the multiple input multiple output (MIMO) principle. A back-propagation algorithm provides cross-range information. With the help of simulations and a simulated annealing algorithm, the geometry of the sparse array is optimized to meet application requirements using the available hardware. In this paper, the demonstrator system is described and the imaging theory is shortly reviewed. Measurements are presented to verify simulation results as well as 3-D imaging and long-range capability.
Chlamydia muridarum with Mutations in Chromosomal Genes <i>tc0237</i> and/or <i>tc0668</i> Is Deficient in Colonizing the Mouse Gastrointestinal Tract (2017)

Chlamydiae colonize the gastrointestinal tracts of both animals and humans. However, their medical significance remains unknown. We have previously shown that wild-type <i>Chlamydia muridarum</i> spreads to and establishes stable colonization of the gastrointestinal tract following intravaginal inoculation. In the present study, we found that <i>C. muridarum</i> with mutations in chromosomal genes <i>tc0237</i> and/or <i>tc0668</i> was defective in spreading to the mouse gastrointestinal tract, which correlated with its attenuated pathogenicity in the upper genital tract. This correlation was more consistent than that of chlamydial pathogenicity with ascending infection in the genital tract, since attenuated <i>C. muridarum</i> spread significantly less to the gastrointestinal tract but maintained robust ascending infection of the upper genital tract. Transcervical inoculation further confirmed the correlation between <i>C. muridarum</i> spreading to the gastrointestinal tract and its pathogenicity in the upper genital tract. Finally, defective spreading of <i>C. muridarum</i> mutants was due to their inability to colonize the gastrointestinal tract since intragastric inoculation did not rescue the mutants' colonization. Thus, promoting <i>C. muridarum</i> colonization of the gastrointestinal tract may represent a primary function of the TC0237 and TC0668 proteins. Correlation of chlamydial colonization of the gastrointestinal tract with chlamydial pathogenicity in the upper genital tract suggests a potential role for gastrointestinal chlamydiae in genital tract pathogenicity.
Synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of <sup>15</sup>N‐labeled hexaaminobenzene derivatives (1991)

Abstract Efficient syntheses of [ 15 N 6 ]‐labeled hexaaminobenzene ( 6 ), hexakis(dimethylamino)benzene ( 7 ) and 2,2′,2″‐trimethylbenzotris(imidazol) ( 1 ) are described. The compounds are characterized by 15 N CPMAS NMR spectroscopy.
Very high-voltage, ultra-high power density, rotating electrical machines as compact pulsed power supplies (2001)

This paper presents several novel concepts for compact, high-voltage, pulsed power supplies for near-term and future military systems, as well as for commercial applications. The choice for electrical rotating converters arises from the gap of several orders in magnitude between the levels of energy density stored kinetically and the energy density stored in magnetic, or at even lower levels, in the electric field. Such compact power supplies represent, by their designs, hybrid systems comprising two or three stages in which the voltage is amplified. In general, the first stage is a modified compulsator providing the given energy per pulse at high current and a medium voltage. The second stage represents a very high voltage capacitor as a component of a resonant system, delivering an output at a 200 kV to over 800 kV level. Cascaded transformers with different insulation connections and resonance transformers provide the means of achievement for the second stage. Even inside the compulsator, there are two stages cascade-connected, leading to high voltages. The first one is magnetically independent (decoupled) from the second one and, being short-circuited, produces an extremely high magneto-motive force which can often induce a rotation by 180/spl deg/, a very large voltage in the second winding. Practical data and comparative results are given and a comparison with the state-of-the-art machine shows that the presented designs are very advantageous and will represent a fundamental advancement in the power supplies technology.
Mining Road Traffic Accident Data to Improve Safety: Role of Road-Related Factors on Accident Severity in Ethiopia (2010)

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are a major public health concern, resulting in an estimated 1.2 million deaths and 50 million injuries worldwide each year. In the developing world, RTAs are among the leading cause of death and injury; Ethiopia in particular experiences the highest rate of such accidents. Thus, methods to reduce accident severity are of great interest to traffic agencies and the public at large. In this work, we applied data mining technologies to link recorded road characteristics to accident severity in Ethiopia, and developed a set of rules that could be used by the Ethiopian Traffic Agency to improve safety.
Born to Hand Jive (2008)

This article discusses the use of hand-clapping games and dances in the music classroom. In addition to their use for teaching music skills and concepts, these games can be quite useful for making cross-disciplinary connections to reinforce the eighth and ninth National Standards for Music Education (Standard 8: understanding relationships between music, the other arts, and disciplines outside the arts; Standard 9: understanding music in relation to history and culture). Specifically, the article focuses on the Hand Jive and the ways that it may be used to help students see connections to music in history and culture as well as the underlying mathematical concept of repeated patterns on which the movements are based.