gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Islet Recovery and Reversal of Murine Type 1 Diabetes in the Absence of Any Infused Spleen Cell Contribution (2006)

A cure for type 1 diabetes will probably require the provision or elicitation of new pancreatic islet beta cells as well as the reestablishment of immunological tolerance. A 2003 study reported achievement of both advances in the NOD mouse model by coupling injection of Freund's complete adjuvant with infusion of allogeneic spleen cells. It was concluded that the adjuvant eliminated anti-islet autoimmunity and the donor splenocytes differentiated into insulin-producing (presumably beta) cells, culminating in islet regeneration. Here, we provide data indicating that the recovered islets were all of host origin, reflecting that the diabetic NOD mice actually retain substantial beta cell mass, which can be rejuvenated/regenerated to reverse disease upon adjuvant-dependent dampening of autoimmunity.
Effects of Bacillus velezensis FKM10 for Promoting the Growth of Malus hupehensis Rehd. and Inhibiting Fusarium verticillioides (2020)

<i>Bacillus velezensis</i> is a novel species of <i>Bacillus</i> that has been widely investigated and used because of its direct or indirect growth improvement effect for many plants. <i>B. velezensis</i> FKM10 was previously isolated from rhizosphere soil of apple trees and shows potential as a plant growth-promoting and biocontrol bacterium. In this study, strain FKM10 was verified to inhibit some fungal pathogens of soil-borne plant diseases, produce siderophores to absorb ferric iron for plants, and degrade proteins. Pot experiments showed that the application of strain FKM10 could directly promote the growth of <i>Malus hupehensis</i> Rehd. by increasing biomass, promoting the absorption of nutrients, improving soil fertility, changing the soil microbial community structure, and reducing fungal diversity. The results of this study provided a basis for using strain FKM10 to improve crop yield and overcome diseases of plants. The mechanism of strain FKM10 to control the phytopathogenic fungus <i>Fusarium verticillioides</i> was studied by interoperation with RNA sequencing. Strain FKM10 can destroy the cell wall and cell membrane of <i>F. verticillioides</i>. The secretion of glucosidases, such as β-glucanase, might be one of the causes of the destruction of the fungal cell wall. The regulation of amino acid metabolism might also play an important role in the antibacterial process of strain FKM10. During the antibacterial process, strain FKM10 attacks <i>F. verticillioides</i> and strain FKM10 itself is also affected: the expression of spores is increased, the number of viable cells is decreased, and the ribonucleoprotein complex and flagellar assembly-related genes are downregulated. The results of this study indicate that both strain FKM10 and <i>F. verticillioides</i> have mutually inhibitory activities in a liquid environment. Comparative genome analysis of <i>B. velezensis</i> FKM10 reveals that the general features of their genomes are similar overall and contain the core genome for this species. The results of this study further reveal that <i>B. velezensis</i> can also serve as a basis for developing new biocontrol agents or microbial fertilizers.
Disk cache performance for distributed systems (2002)

The influence of client and server cache sizes and the number of clients on caching performance is studied through trace-driven simulation. The results indicate that the locality of reference in disk block reference patterns allows relatively small caches to reduce significantly the number of disk accesses required. File server cache performance is significantly different from client cache performance owing to the capture of disk block references by the client caches. The major factor influencing overall miss ratio statistics (actual disk reference frequencies) is found to be the maximum of the server cache size and the size of client caches.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on the Hydrogenation of 6‐(Hydroxymethyl)pyridine‐2‐ carboxylates and Its Application to the Synthesis of 6‐(Hydroxymethyl) piperidine‐2‐carboxylic Acid Derivatives. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Xylem and Phloem Transcriptomes from Secondary Tissues of the Arabidopsis Root-Hypocotyl   (2005)

The growth of secondary xylem and phloem depends on the division of cells in the vascular cambium and results in an increase in the diameter of the root and stem. Very little is known about the genetic mechanisms that control cambial activity and the differentiation of secondary xylem and phloem cell types. To begin to identify new genes required for vascular cell differentiation and function, we performed genome-wide expression profiling of xylem and phloem-cambium isolated from the root-hypocotyl of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Gene expression in the remaining nonvascular tissue was also profiled. From these transcript profiles, we assembled three sets of genes with expression significantly biased toward xylem, phloem-cambium, or nonvascular tissue. We also assembled three two-tissue sets of genes with expression significantly biased toward xylem/phloem-cambium, xylem/nonvascular, or phloem-cambium/nonvascular tissues. Localizations predicted by transcript profiles were supported by results from promoter-reporter and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction experiments with nine xylem- or phloem-cambium-biased genes. An analysis of the members of the phloem-cambium gene set suggested that some genes involved in regulating primary meristems are also regulators of the cambium. Secondary phloem was implicated in the synthesis of auxin, glucosinolates, cytokinin, and gibberellic acid. Transcript profiles also supported the importance of class III HD ZIP and KANADI transcription factors as regulators of radial patterning during secondary growth, and identified several members of the G2-like, NAC, AP2, MADS, and MYB transcription factor families that may play roles as regulators of xylem or phloem cell differentiation and activity.
Evolutionary multi-objective optimization for multi-resonant photonic nanostructures (2016)

The tailoring of optical properties of photonic nanostructures is usually based on a reference design. The target optical behavior is obtained by variations of an initial geometry. This approach however can be of limited versatility, in particular if complex optical properties are desired. In order to design double-resonant photonic nano-particles, we attack the problem in the inverse way: We mathematically define an optical response and optimize multiple of such objective functions concurrently, using an evolutionary multi-objective optimization algorithm coupled to full-field electro-dynamical simulations. We demonstrate that this approach is extremely versatile, that it allows the consideration of technological limitations and that it yields a correct prediction of the optical response of nano-structures fabricated by state-of-the-art electron beam lithography. We demonstrate the technique on multi-resonant photonic nanoparticles made from silicon, which belong to the emerging class of high refractive index dielectric nanostructures with applications such as field-enhanced spectroscopies.
Compact and reconfigurable silicon nitride time-bin entanglement circuit (2015)

Photonic chip based time-bin entanglement has attracted significant attention because of its potential for quantum communication and computation. Useful time-bin entanglement systems must be able to generate, manipulate and analyze entangled photons on a photonic chip for stable, scalable and reconfigurable operation. Here we report the first time-bin entanglement photonic chip that integrates time-bin generation, wavelength demultiplexing and entanglement analysis. A two-photon interference fringe with an 88.4% visibility is measured (without subtracting any noise), indicating the high performance of the chip. Our approach, based on a silicon nitride photonic circuit, which combines the low-loss characteristic of silica and tight integration features of silicon, paves the way for scalable real-world quantum information processors.
Molecular cloning and expression of a murine homolog of the human poliovirus receptor gene (1992)

The poliovirus receptor (Pvr) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of proteins, but its function in the cell is not known. Southern blot hybridization analysis indicated that the murine genome contains a sequence homolog of pvr. As a first step toward using the murine pvr homolog (mph) to study the function of Pvr, murine genomic and cDNA clones encoding mph were isolated. mph encodes a polypeptide with extensive sequence similarity to the extracellular domains of the human PVR. mph mRNAs of 2.0 and 3.0 kb are transcribed in the adult mouse brain, the spinal cord, the spleen, the kidney, the heart, and the liver. The Mph protein does not function as a receptor for poliovirus. However, substitution of domain 1 of the Mph protein with the corresponding sequence from pvr produced a chimeric receptor that could bind poliovirus and lead to productive infection. By constructing pvr-mph chimeras, it will be possible to identify the contact points of poliovirus within domain 1 of Pvr. Identification of the ligand and the cellular function of the Mph protein may help us understand the role of Pvr in the cell.
[Regulative effect of genistein on xenografted tumor of ovarian carcinoma cell on nude mice]. (2006)

Genistein could significantly inhibite the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of the HO-8910PM cell of xenografted tumors by regulating the cell cycle and apoptoic gene in the nude mice.
Effect of annealing on the grain growth and luminescent properties of SrS:Cu blue phosphors (1999)

Systematic studies of the postgrowth annealing of molecular beam epitaxial deposited SrS:Cu films are reported. In the as-grown SrS:Cu films, the grain size was small and the luminescence very weak. A step-annealing procedure in a H2S atmosphere was developed and found to be a very efficient way to improve the crystallinity and luminescent properties without damage to the low temperature glass substrate and insulator layer of the device. A model is presented in terms of the free energy of formation and the reaction kinetics of Cu with H2S. It was proposed that the weak luminescence in the as-grown films was attributed to Cu atoms segregated at the grain boundaries in the SrS film. The oxidation of atomic Cu by H2S and the diffusion of Cu+ into the SrS lattice during annealing were responsible for the grain growth and the improved luminescent properties.
Grafting of alkylchlorosilanes onto silica from solution for adhesion enhancement (2000)

An efficient grafting process of monofunctional alkylchlorosilanes [general formula: CH3 (CH2)n-1 Si (CH3)2Cl with n varying from 4 to 30] onto silica surfaces was developed by varying the surface preparation and the solvent used for the deposition process. A vapor phase deposition method was considered as the reference. The grafting method was evaluated by studying the wettability and the graft densities of the resulting monolayers. The chain conformation of the monolayers was determined by comparing the thicknesses measured by SE ellipsometry and AFM, and the orientation of the chains was evaluated by FT-IR in an attenuated total reflection (ATR) mode. By comparing the solvent and vapor phase deposition methods, it was demonstrated that the deposition process had a large influence on the structure of the grafted monolayers. The same structure as that from a vapor phase method can be obtained from a solvent deposition process by a suitable choice of the solvent and by carefully carried out cleaning of the surface before deposition. The organization of the grafted layers was found to be dependent on the length of the alkyl chains; i.e. uniform and well-ordered monolayers were obtained for a 'critical' length of the alkyl chain - C18. In fact, as the alkyl chain becomes short, the resulting layers are hydrophobic and heterogeneous and do not display a preferential orientation, whereas long alkyl chains - C30 - lie on the silica surface without any organization.
Function of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors in Inflammation (2011)

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) display multi-faceted roles in coordinating the interaction of intracellular signaling pathways with chromatin remodeling and transcription factor function to finely specify gene alterations and maintenance of gene expression during cellular activation, proliferation, and differentiation. These processes, epigenetic and non-epigenetic, are critical to the development of both the adaptive and innate arms of the mammalian immune system, and the measured initiation and resolution of immune responses. Pharmacological modulators of HDAC activity have demonstrated uniformly potent anti-inflammatory effects in experimental animal models of these diseases, in relevant immune and stromal cell populations from patients, as well as initial successes in the clinic. Recent studies have identified key roles for specific HDACs in regulating immune function, as well as alterations in HDAC expression and function in a number of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), which may contribute to pathology in these diseases. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of HDAC function in the immune system, their contribution to IMIDs, and the therapeutic potential of altering HDAC activity in IMIDs.
LIFE-STYLES OF PHYTOSEIID MITES AND THEIR ROLES IN BIOLOGICAL CONTROL (1997)

This review categorizes the diversity of life-styles in the Phytoseiidae, based primarily on food habits and related biological and morphological traits. The life-styles proposed are as follows: Type I, specialized predators of Tetranychus species represented by the Phytoseiulus species; Type II, selective predators of tetranychid mites (most frequently associated with species that produce dense webbing) represented by Galendromus, some Neoseiulus, and a few Typhlodromus species; Type III, generalist predators represented by some Neoseiulus species and most Typhlodromus and Amblyseius species, as well as species in all other genera about which information is available; Type IV, specialized pollen feeders/generalist predators represented by Euseius species. Consideration is given to the relative importance of each of these types in biological control and pest management programs.
(−)-6′,7′-[11C]Dihydroroten-12α-ol ((−)-[11C]DHROL) forin vivo measurement of mitochondrial Complex I (1999)

Deficits in Complex I (NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase) of the electron transport chain may play an important role in the inception and progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease. In vivo imaging of Complex I offers a unique method for evaluation of these changes in living human brain. Previous carbon-11 labeled rotenoids showed promising results, but were prepared as mixtures of stereoisomers at the 5′-position. We report here the stereospecific syntheses of (−)-6′,7′-[11C]dihydroroten-12α-ol ((−)-[11C]DHROL), a modified rotenoid with in vivo affinity for Complex I. O-[11C]methylation of the appropriate desmethyl precursor provided (−)-[11C]DHROL in an average radiochemical yield, corrected to end of bombardment, of 27% (n=4) and >99% radiochemical purity. In mice, (−)-[11C]DHROL gave a high and uniform brain uptake similar to that obtained with prior radiolabeled rotenoids. Further in vivo evaluation of (−)-[11C]DHROL in rats with unilateral quinolinic acid-induced striatal lesions showed significant losses of radioligand binding after neurotoxin treatment (lesion/unlesioned ratio of 0.66). As this reduction of in vivo radioligand binding is very similar to that obtained previously with the mixture of [11C]DHROL isomers, the stereochemistry at the 5′-position of [11C]DHROL does not significantly influence the in vivo applications of this radiotracer. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Surface Plasmon Resonance Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (2004)

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is ill-suited to microanalysis because of its low absorptivity. We have developed a highly sensitive detection method for NIR spectroscopy based on absorption-sensitive surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The newly named SPR-NIR spectroscopy, which may open the way for NIR spectroscopy in microanalysis and surface science, is realized by an attachment of the Kretschmann configuration equipped with a mechanism for fine angular adjustment of incident light. The angular sweep of incident light enables us to make a tuning of a SPR peak for an absorption band of sample medium. From the dependences of wavelength, incident angle, and thickness of a gold film on the intensity of the SPR peak, it has been found that the absorbance can be enhanced by approximately 100 times compared with the absorbance obtained without the gold film under optimum conditions. This article reports the details of the experimental setup and the characteristics of absorption-sensitive SPR in the NIR region, together with some experimental results obtained by using it.
Identification of single-stranded-DNA-binding proteins that interact with muscle gene elements. (1991)

A sequence-specific DNA-binding protein from skeletal-muscle extracts that binds to probes of three muscle gene DNA elements is identified. This protein, referred to as muscle factor 3, forms the predominant nucleoprotein complex with the MCAT gene sequence motif in an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. This protein also binds to the skeletal actin muscle regulatory element, which contains the conserved CArG motif, and to a creatine kinase enhancer probe, which contains the E-box motif, a MyoD-binding site. Muscle factor 3 has a potent sequence-specific, single-stranded-DNA-binding activity. The specificity of this interaction was demonstrated by sequence-specific competition and by mutations that diminished or eliminated detectable complex formation. MyoD, a myogenic determination factor that is distinct from muscle factor 3, also bound to single-stranded-DNA probes in a sequence-specific manner, but other transcription factors did not. Multiple copies of the MCAT motif activated the expression of a heterologous promoter, and a mutation that eliminated expression was correlated with diminished factor binding. Muscle factor 3 and MyoD may be members of a class of DNA-binding proteins that modulate gene expression by their abilities to recognize DNA with unusual secondary structure in addition to specific sequence.
The Structured Information Manager: A Database System for SGML Documents (1996)

One of the important standards for document interchange and representation that has emerged is SGML, the Standard Generalized Markup Language. SGML is designed to capture the logical structure of documents, i.e. the logical components such as titles and paragraphs and their interrelationships. SGML is a complex standard, and the design of a database system for managing SGML documents poses many challenges. In this talk, we describe an SGML conformant database system, called the Structured Information Manager (SIM), and illustrate how the support of document structure can help in many important applications by describing how SIM has been deployed to provide public access to databases of legislation. The Structured Information Manager (SIM) is a document database system designed to manage multigigabyte collections of documents containing unstructured text (ASCII), structured text (including SGML and MARC), binary objects (such as images and videos) and other kinds of data. As an information retrieval system, SIM provides a client-server model of processing and supports a wide range of user interface platforms, including command line, MSWindows, Macintosh, and X. SIM uses compressed. inverted file technology for accessing large text collections using both query and browsing paradigms [ZobMof92]. Both Boolean and natural language queries are supported and response times are sub-second, even for multigigabyte databases. SIM is standards based. It provides direct support for
Mosquitto: server and client implementation of the MQTT protocol (2017)

Mosquitto provides standards compliant server and client implementations of the MQTT messaging protocol.MQTT uses a publish/subscribe model, has low network overhead and can be implemented on low power devices such microcontrollers that might be used in remote Internet of Things sensors.As such, Mosquitto is intended for use in all situations where there is a need for lightweight messaging, particularly on constrained devices with limited resources.
Long-range population dynamics of anatomically defined neocortical networks (2016)

The coordination of activity across neocortical areas is essential for mammalian brain function. Understanding this process requires simultaneous functional measurements across the cortex. In order to dissociate direct cortico-cortical interactions from other sources of neuronal correlations, it is furthermore desirable to target cross-areal recordings to neuronal subpopulations that anatomically project between areas. Here, we combined anatomical tracers with a novel multi-area two-photon microscope to perform simultaneous calcium imaging across mouse primary (S1) and secondary (S2) somatosensory whisker cortex during texture discrimination behavior, specifically identifying feedforward and feedback neurons. We find that coordination of S1-S2 activity increases during motor behaviors such as goal-directed whisking and licking. This effect was not specific to identified feedforward and feedback neurons. However, these mutually projecting neurons especially participated in inter-areal coordination when motor behavior was paired with whisker-texture touches, suggesting that direct S1-S2 interactions are sensory-dependent. Our results demonstrate specific functional coordination of anatomically-identified projection neurons across sensory cortices.
Distribution and dynamics of laser‐polarized 129Xe magnetization in vivo (1999)

The first magnetic resonance imaging studies of laser-polarized 129Xe, dissolved in the blood and tissue of the lungs and the heart of Sprague-Dawley rats, are described. 129Xe resonances at 0, 192, 199, and 210 ppm were observed and assigned to xenon in gas, fat, tissue, and blood, respectively. One-dimensional chemical-shift imaging (CSI) reveals xenon magnetization in the brain, kidney, and lungs. Coronal and axial two-dimensional CSI show 129Xe dissolved in blood and tissue in the thorax. Images of the blood resonance show xenon in the lungs and the heart ventricle. Images of the tissue resonance reveal xenon in lung parenchyma and myocardium. The 129Xe spectrum from a voxel located in the heart ventricle shows a single blood resonance. Time-resolved spectroscopy shows that the dynamics of the blood resonance match the dynamics of the gas resonance and demonstrates efficient diffusion of xenon gas to the lung parenchyma and then to pulmonary blood. These observations demonstrate the utility of laser-polarized 129Xe to detect exchange across the gas-blood barrier in the lungs and perfusion into myocardial tissue. Applications to measurement of lung function, kidney perfusion, myocardial perfusion, and regional cerebral blood flow are discussed. Magn Reson Med 42:1137–1145, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.