gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dysregulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis with Menopause and Andropause Promotes Neurodegenerative Senescence (2005)

Senescence is characterized neurologically by a decline in cognitive function, which we propose is the result of degenerative processes initiated by the dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis with menopause and andropause. Compelling epidemiologic evidence to support this assertion includes the increased prevalence of Alzheimer disease (AD) in women, the correlation of serum HPG hormones with disease and the decreased incidence, and delay in the onset of AD following hormone replacement therapy. Dysregulation of the axis at this time leads to alterations in the concentrations of all serum HPG hormones (decreased neuronal sex steroid signaling, but increased neuronal gonadotropin releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone, and activin signaling). Hormones of the HPG axis, receptors for which are present in the adult brain, are important regulators of cell proliferation and differentiation during growth and development. Based on this, we propose that dysregulated HPG hormone signaling with menopause/andropause leads to the abortive reentry of differentiated neurons into the cell cycle via a process we term "dyosis." Interestingly, the major biochemical and neuropathologic changes reported for the AD brain also are intimately associated with neuron division: altered AbetaPP metabolism, Abeta deposition, tau phosphorylation, mitochondrial alterations, chromosomal replication, synapse loss, and death of differentiated neurons. Recent evidence supports the premise that AD-related biochemical changes are likely the combined result of increased mitotic signaling by gonadotropins and GnRH, decreased differentiative and neuroprotective signaling via sex steroids, and increased differentiative signaling via activins. This results in a hormonal milieu that is permissive of cell cycle reentry but does not allow completion of metaphase. Partial resetting of the axis following administration of normal endogenous sex steroids delays the onset and decreases the incidence of AD. Ideally, supplementation with HPG hormones should mimic closely the serum concentrations of all HPG hormones in reproductive men and cycling women to prevent dyotic signaling and attempted neuron division.
Research on cross-platform unified resource access control management system (2017)

Existing information systems often involve variety of application modules deployed on different platforms including cloud computing, mobile computing. The single sign-on (SSO) mechanism is usually exploited for user login and access control to achieve unified management and authorization. However, existing SSO can only control users' access to main coarse-grained resources of each application module. It is incapable of controlling authorized users' access to fine-grained data of specific application modules. This paper therefore introduced the cross-platform unified resource access control system (CURAC) based on URI of various resources, which includes resource-based authentication and data-based authentication mechanisms for controlling users' access to both coarse-grained resources like web pages or data tables and fine-grained data resources like column fields of a data table. Such resources are usually deployed on different platforms. Creative development and extensive deployment practices show that our cross-platform unified resource access control system (CURAC) can effectively control the access to various resources of application systems on different application platforms.
The development of the five mini-theories of self-determination theory: an historical overview, emerging trends, and future directions (2010)

Cognitive evaluation theory (CET; Deci, 1975), SDT's first mini-theory, was built from research on the dynamic interplay between external events (e.g., rewards, choice) and people's task interest or enjoyment – that is, intrinsic motivation (IM). At the time, this research was quite controversial, as operant theory (Skinner, 1971) had dominated the psychological landscape. The central assumption of operant theory was that reinforcement contingencies in the environment control behavior, which precluded the existence of inherently satisfying activities performed for non-separable outcomes. During this time, Deci proposed that people – by nature – possess intrinsic motivation (IM), which can manifest as engagement in curiosity-based behaviors, discovery of new perspectives, and seeking out optimal challenges (see also Harlow, 1953; White, 1959). IM thus represents a manifestation of the organismic growth tendency and is readily observed in infants' and toddlers' exploratory behavior and play. Operationally, an intrinsically motivated activity is performed for its own sake – that is, the behavior is experienced as inherently satisfying. From an attributional perspective (deCharms, 1968), such behaviors have an internal perceived locus of causality, as people perceive their behavior as emanating from their sense of self, rather than from experiences of control or coercion.
Alfalfa Root Exudates and Compounds which Promote or Inhibit Induction of <i>Rhizobium meliloti</i> Nodulation Genes (1988)

Using a plate induction assay, we demonstrate that alfalfa exudes inducer of Rhizobium meliloti nodulation genes. The inducer is exuded from the infectible zone of the root, accumulates to at least 1 micromolar, and is not affected by 10 millimolar nitrate. No zones of inhibition are observed. A nodulation minus mutant line of alfalfa, MN-1008, exudes normal levels of inducer. R. meliloti grown in rich medium requires ten-fold higher concentrations of luteolin to achieve half-maximal induction as compared to cells grown in a minimal medium. Flavonoids other than luteolin are found to have activity in R. meliloti nodulation gene induction assays. The compounds apigenin and eriodictyol have activities two-fifths and one-seventh that of luteolin, respectively. Several of the flavonoids tested (morin = naringenin > kaempferol = chrysin > quercetin = fisetin = hesperitin) demonstrate antagonistic activity toward induction by luteolin. The most effective antagonist is the coumarin, umbelliferone.
Carrier lifetime control in power semiconductor devices (2007)

This paper surveys the present technology of carrier lifetime control in power semiconductor devices by controlling recombination centre types and concentration. The correlation of lifetime with device properties such as on-state voltage drop, off-state leakage current and switching times of bipolar devices has been elucidated. Various techniques for preserving or reducing lifetime during semiconductor device fabrication are presented. Advantages, problems and some limits of individual techniques are discussed.
Asset Valuation in an Experimental Market (1982)

The time path of asset prices is studied within a stationary experimental environment.
After several replications prices converge to a perfect foresight equilibrium. A sequential
market having an informational trap and a futures market are also studied.
Neurologic Aspects of Boxing (1987)

• The assessment and prevention of potentially adverse neurologic consequences of boxing requires two important considerations. Acute neurologic injuries should be distinguished from chronic brain injuries and the level of competitive boxing (ie, amateur vs professional) must also be taken into account. Acute neurologic injuries such as concussion, postconcussion syndrome, intracranial hemorrhage, and brain contusion are more readily identified than chronic neurologic injuries because of their immediate devastation of the nervous system. In contrast, chronic neurologic injuries differ in their pathophysiologic mechanisms that are exemplified by an insidious onset and progression after the cessation of boxing. Accordingly, the chronic traumatic encephalopathy of boxing poses the most serious neurologic threat of boxing. Amateur boxing differs from professional boxing in the duration of fights, rules and regulatory policies, medical evaluation, and protective devices. These factors could produce a differential effect on the risk of injury to the brain. The prevention of neurologic injuries in boxing requires the integration of proper neurologic evaluation by qualified ringside physicians, the design and utilization of effective protective devices, and the establishment of national regulatory agencies.
Salivary bacterial fingerprints of established oral disease revealed by the Human Oral Microbe Identification using Next Generation Sequencing (HOMI<i>NGS</i>) technique (2016)

Cross-sectional comparison of salivary bacterial profiles by means of HOMINGS analysis showed that different salivary bacterial profiles were associated with oral health and disease. Future large-scale prospective studies are needed to evaluate if saliva-based screening for disease-associated oral bacterial profiles may be used for identification of patients at risk of acquiring periodontitis and dental caries.
Visible Light Sensitive Cyclomer and Its Tautomeric Dispiro Compound Formed from Bispyridinyl Diradical (2005)

Two-electron reduction of 4,4'-(1,5-pentanediyl)bis(N-methylpyridinium) (52+) with sodium amalgam in degassed acetonitrile leads quantitatively to the formation of a cyclomer of 3,15-dimethyl-3,15-diazatricyclo[10.3.1.12,6]heptadeca-4,6(16),12(17),13-tetraene (6) by intramolecular cyclization. In degassed acetonitrile, 6 is stable for a long time at room temperature and, hence, a highly stable species. In contrast, 6 undergoes a photochemical reaction to give its valence tautomer having a dispiro structure, 3,10-dimethyl-3,10-diazadispiro[5.0.5.5]heptadeca-1,4,8,11-tetraene (7), when irradiated with visible light shorter than 450 nm. Noteworthy is the experimental fact that 7 is unstable to heat and, hence, reverts back to 6 by application of heat.
Secure and privacy enhanced authentication framework for cloud computing (2015)

Cloud computing is a revolution in information technology. The cloud consumer outsources their sensitive data and personal information to cloud provider's servers which is not within the same trusted domain of data-owner so most challenging issues arises in cloud are data security users privacy and access control. In this paper we also have proposed a method to achieve fine grained security with combined approach of PGP and Kerberos in cloud computing. The proposed method provides authentication, confidentiality, integrity, and privacy features to Cloud Service Providers and Cloud Users.
Lower crosslinking density enhances functional nucleus pulposus‐like matrix elaboration by human mesenchymal stem cells in carboxymethylcellulose hydrogels (2015)

Engineered constructs represent a promising treatment for replacement of nucleus pulposus (NP) tissue. Recently, photocrosslinked hydrogels comprised of methacrylated carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) were shown to support chondrogenic differentiation of encapsulated human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and promote accumulation of NP-like extracellular matrix (ECM). The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of CMC crosslinking density, by varying macromer concentration and modification (i.e., methacrylation) percentage, on NP-like differentiation of encapsulated hMSCs. Constructs of lower macromer concentration (2%, w/v) exhibited significantly greater collagen II accumulation, more homogeneous distribution of ECM macromolecules, and a temporal increase in mechanical properties compared to hydrogels of higher macromer concentration (4%, w/v). Constructs of higher modification percentage (25%) gave rise to significantly elevated collagen II content and the formation of cell clusters within the matrix relative to samples of lower modification percentage (10% and 15%). These differences in functional ECM accumulation and distribution are likely attributed to the distinct crosslinked network structures of the various hydrogel formulations. Overall, CMC constructs of lower macromer concentration and modification percentage were most promising as scaffolds for NP tissue engineering based on functional ECM assembly. Optimization of such hydrogel fabrication parameters may lead to the development of clinically relevant tissue-engineered NP replacements.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 dysregulates anti‐fungal defenses preventing monocyte activation and downregulating toll‐like receptor‐2 (2008)

We investigated the interplay occurring between pathogens in the course of dual infections, using an in vitro model in which the THP-1 monocytic cell line is first infected with HSV-1 and then exposed to Ca or Cn. These three pathogens share some pathogenic features: they cause opportunistic infections, target macrophages and are neurotropic. Here, we show that HSV-1-infected THP-1 cells exhibited augmented phagocytosis against the two opportunistic fungi but reduced capability to counteract fungal infection: the better ingestion by monocytes was followed by facilitated fungal survival and replication. Reduced IL-12 production was also observed. Cytofluorimetric analysis showed that HSV-1-infected monocytes exhibit: (i) downregulated TLR-2 and TLR-4, critical structures in fungal recognition; (ii) reduced expression of CD38 and CD69, known to be important markers of monocyte activation; and (iii) enhanced expression of apoptosis and necrosis markers, in the absence of altered cell proliferation. Overall, these findings imply that HSV-1 infection prevents monocyte activation, thus leading to a significant dysfunction of the monocyte-mediated anti-Candida response; HSV-1 induced apoptosis and necrosis of monocytes further contribute to this impairment.
New approach towards deglycosylation of sialoglycoproteins and mucins. (1994)

A modified procedure for chemical deglycosylation of glycoproteins containing sialylated and/or O-linked oligosaccharides, using anhydrous trifluoromethane sulfonic acid (TFMSA) is described. Although sialic acid residues are acid labile, it has been known that anhydrous TFMSA does not effectively remove carbohydrate side chains from glycoproteins if they are sialylated. In this procedure, sialic acid residues were removed by mild acid hydrolysis and the desialylated glycoprotein was treated with anhydrous TFMSA reagent under conditions which remove all the carbohydrate residues except the core D-GalNAc linked to serine/threonine. The core D-GalNAc residues were removed by reacting the glycoprotein with periodate followed by a second treatment with anhydrous TFMSA; this procedure gave a completely deglycosylated protein. The protein thus obtained was soluble in aqueous buffers and useful for biochemical and biophysical studies. The method was successfully employed to isolate polypeptides from alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (N-linked), fetuin, canine tracheal mucin and gastric mucin.
Outcomes of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery for severely obese patients with type 1 diabetes: a case series report (2010)

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) reverses type 2 diabetes (DM2) in approximately 83% of patients with morbid or severe obesity. This procedure has been performed in small numbers of severely obese patients with type 1 diabetes (DM1), but the impact on glycemic control and insulin requirement in this population has not been widely described. We report three patients with DM1 and severe obesity that underwent RYGB. Weight, glycemic control, and insulin requirements before and one year after the procedure were compared. Significant weight loss was achieved by all three patients but insulin requirements decreased in only 2 patients. In contrast, glycemic control (A1C) remained suboptimal in all three patients up to one year after the surgery. These findings suggest that RYGB leads to important weight loss and positively affects insulin sensitivity. However, reaching optimal glycemic control in patients with DM1 diabetes remains challenging due to persisting insulin deficiency.
Motexafin Gadolinium Disrupts Zinc Metabolism in Human Cancer Cell Lines (2005)

To gain a better understanding of the mechanism of action of the metal cation-containing chemotherapeutic drug motexafin gadolinium (MGd), gene expression profiling analyses were conducted on plateau phase human lung cancer (A549) cell cultures treated with MGd. Drug treatment elicited a highly specific response that manifested in elevated levels of metallothionein isoform and zinc transporter 1 (ZnT1) transcripts. A549 cultures incubated with MGd in the presence of exogenous zinc acetate displayed synergistic increases in the levels of intracellular free zinc, metallothionein transcripts, inhibition of thioredoxin reductase activity, and cell death. Similar effects were observed in PC3 prostate cancer and Ramos B-cell lymphoma cell lines. Intracellular free zinc levels increased in response to treatment with MGd in the absence of exogenous zinc, indicating that MGd can mobilize bound intracellular zinc. These findings lead us to suggest that an important component of the anticancer activity of MGd is related to its ability to disrupt zinc metabolism and alter cellular availability of zinc. This class of compounds may provide insight into the development of novel cancer drugs targeting control of intracellular free zinc and the roles that zinc and other metal cations play in biochemical pathways relevant to cancer.
Neurotrophic factors and their receptors (1998)

Neurotrophic factors are important regulators of the development and maintenance of vertebrate nervous system. During the development of the nervous system, neuronal populations undergo a process of naturally occurring cell death at a time when their axons are innervating target areas. This mechanism ensures a balance between the size of an innervating population and the size of its target territory. Nerve growth factor (NGF) was the first neurotrophic factor to be discovered. More recent work has shown that other molecules are secreted by target organs that regulate neuronal survival and differentiation. This chapter focuses on neurotrophins with brief descriptions of the actions of these other molecules.
Adaptive Spatio-Temporal Graph Information Fusion for Remaining Useful Life Prediction (2021)

Accurate remaining useful life (RUL) prediction is of great significance for maintaining the safety and reliability of many industrial systems. In recent years, deep learning based-methods predict the RUL by automatically learning and fusing degradation features from signals and have shown great potential in improving prediction accuracy. However, these methods only focus on capturing degradation information from the sensor signals in the time domain while ignoring the characteristics of different sensors in the spatial domain. Our key motivation is that spatial characteristic is also critical in RUL prediction and cast the RUL prediction problem into a deep spatio-temporal graph fusion problem, which consists of two parts, <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i.e.</i> , spatial structures learning and spatio-temporal information fusion. We propose a framework, namely, adaptive spatio-temporal graph neural network (ASTGNN) to solve the above problem. In the spatial structures learning part, we propose two spatial graph convolution layers, <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i.e.</i> , ASTGNN-M and ASTGNN-A to learn the spatial structures adaptively from the time-varying signals. In the spatio-temporal information fusion part, we use dilation convolution to alleviate the over-smoothing problem when encountering long sensor signals. Moreover, based on ASTGNN, a model named adaptive spatio-temporal hypergraph neural network (ASTHGNN) is proposed for high-order spatio-temporal feature learning. The performances of ASTGNN-M, ASTGNN-A and ASTHGNN are investigated on the C-MAPSS turbofan engine dataset. Experimental results show that ASTHGNN achieves superior performance compared with the state-of-the-art methods and the proposed methods can effectively learn the graph and hypergraph structures of sensor signals.
Effects of adsorbed and templated nanosilver in&nbsp;mesoporous calcium-silicate nanoparticles on&nbsp;inhibition of bacteria colonization of dentin (2014)

Mesoporous calcium-silicate nanoparticles (MCSNs) are advanced biomaterials for controlled drug delivery and mineralization induction. Nanosilver-incorporated MCSNs (Ag-MCSNs) were prepared in the present study using both the adsorption and template methods. Both versions of Ag-MCSNs showed characteristic morphology of mesoporous materials and exhibited sustained release of ions over time. In antibacterial testing against planktonic Enterococcus faecalis, Ag-MCSNs showed significantly better antibacterial effects when compared with MCSNs (P<0.05). The Ag-MCSNs aggregated on the dentin surface of root canal walls and infiltrated into dentinal tubules after ultrasound activation, significantly inhibiting the adherence and colonization of E. faecalis on dentin (P<0.05). Despite this, Ag-MCSNs with templated nanosilver showed much lower cytotoxicity than Ag-MCSNs with adsorbed nanosilver (P<0.05). The results of the present study indicated that nanosilver could be incorporated into MCSNs using the template method. The templated nanosilver could release silver ions and inhibit the growth and colonization of E. faecalis both in the planktonic form and as biofilms on dentin surfaces as absorbed nanosilver. Templated Ag-MCSNs may be developed into a new intracanal disinfectant for root canal disinfection due to their antibacterial ability and low cytotoxicity, and as controlled release devices for other bioactive molecules to produce multifunctional biomaterials.
Modeling GABA Alterations in Schizophrenia: A Link Between Impaired Inhibition and Altered Gamma and Beta Range Auditory Entrainment (2008)

The disorganized symptoms of schizophrenia, including severely disordered thought patterns, may be indicative of a problem with the construction and maintenance of cell assemblies during sensory processing and attention. The gamma and beta frequency bands (15-70 Hz) are believed relevant to such processing. This paper addresses the results of an experimental examination of the cortical response of 12 schizophrenia patients and 12 control subjects when presented with auditory click-train stimuli in the gamma/beta frequency band during measurement using magnetoencephalography (MEG), as well as earlier work by Kwon et al. These data indicate that control subjects show an increased 40-Hz response to both 20- and 40-Hz stimulation as compared with patients, whereas schizophrenic subjects show a preference for 20-Hz response to the same driving frequencies. In this work, two computational models of the auditory cortex are constructed based on postmortem studies that indicate cortical interneurons in schizophrenic subjects have decreased GAT-1 (a GABA transporter) and GAD(67) (1 of 2 enzymes responsible for GABA synthesis). The models transition from control to schizophrenic frequency response when an extended inhibitory decay time is introduced; this change captures a possible effect of these GABA alterations. Modeling gamma/beta range auditory entrainment in schizophrenia provides insight into how biophysical mechanisms can impact cognitive function. In addition, the study of dynamics that underlie auditory entrainment in schizophrenia may contribute to the understanding of how gamma and beta rhythms impact cognition in general.