gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improving User Experience when HTTP Adaptive Streaming Clients Compete for Bandwidth (2015)

The last decade has witnessed a tremendous increase of high-definition video consumption over the Internet and the emergence of the HTTP adaptive streaming technique, designed to cope with highly varying delivery conditions. Despite all its inherent advantages, HAS suffers from weaknesses when competing for bandwidth. In this paper, we focus on improving the HAS behavior for several cases of bandwidth competition. We propose in the first part a dynamic traffic shaping method operating in two phases (transient and steady) to improve convergence speed when HAS competes with a greedy TCP flow. However, when competition takes place between several HAS clients, this solution sub-optimally uses the bandwidth. Therefore, the second part investigates HAS client collaboration, defining information to be exchanged between clients and a common set of rules to determine the best representation to be requested.
Heterogeneity of <i>TMPRSS2</i> Gene Rearrangements in Multifocal Prostate Adenocarcinoma: Molecular Evidence for an Independent Group of Diseases (2007)

Abstract Recurrent gene fusions between the androgen-regulated gene TMPRSS2 and the ETS family transcription factors ERG, ETV1, and ETV4 have been identified in the majority of prostate adenocarcinomas (PCA). PCA is often multifocal with histologic heterogeneity of different tumor foci. As TMPRSS2 is a common 5′ partner of ETS gene fusions, we monitored TMPRSS2 rearrangement by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to study the origin and molecular basis of multifocal PCA heterogeneity. TMPRSS2 rearrangement was evaluated by FISH on a tissue microarray representing 93 multifocal PCAs from 43 radical prostatectomy resections. Overall, 70% (30 of 43) of the cases showed TMPRSS2 rearrangement, including 63% through deletion (loss of the 3′ TMPRSS2 signal), 27% through translocation (split of 5′ and 3′ TMPRSS2 signals), and 10% through both mechanisms in different tumor foci. Of the 30 TMPRSS2 rearranged cases, 30% showed concordance in all tumor foci, whereas 70% were discordant in at least one focus. In TMPRSS2 rearranged cases, the largest (index) tumor was rearranged 83% of the time. Pathologic stage, size, or Gleason grade of the multifocal PCA did not correlate with overall TMPRSS2 rearrangement. Our results suggest that multifocal PCA is a heterogeneous group of diseases arising from multiple, independent clonal expansions. Understanding this molecular heterogeneity is critical to the future development and utility of diagnostic and prognostic PCA biomarkers. [Cancer Res 2007;67(17):7991–5]
3D Visual Proxemics: Recognizing Human Interactions in 3D from a Single Image (2013)

We present a unified framework for detecting and classifying people interactions in unconstrained user generated images. Unlike previous approaches that directly map people/face locations in 2D image space into features for classification, we first estimate camera viewpoint and people positions in 3D space and then extract spatial configuration features from explicit 3D people positions. This approach has several advantages. First, it can accurately estimate relative distances and orientations between people in 3D. Second, it encodes spatial arrangements of people into a richer set of shape descriptors than afforded in 2D. Our 3D shape descriptors are invariant to camera pose variations often seen in web images and videos. The proposed approach also estimates camera pose and uses it to capture the intent of the photo. To achieve accurate 3D people layout estimation, we develop an algorithm that robustly fuses semantic constraints about human interpositions into a linear camera model. This enables our model to handle large variations in people size, heights (e.g. age) and poses. An accurate 3D layout also allows us to construct features informed by Proxemics that improves our semantic classification. To characterize the human interaction space, we introduce visual proxemes, a set of prototypical patterns that represent commonly occurring social interactions in events. We train a discriminative classifier that classifies 3D arrangements of people into visual proxemes and quantitatively evaluate the performance on a large, challenging dataset.
Evaluation of the ITU-R Objective Audio Quality Measurement Method (2000)

The. ITU-R recommended method for objective quality measurements of wide-bandwidth audio systems was evaluated by predicting the subjective performance of several perceptual audio codecs. The results show that the predicted quality ratings for the codecs correlate well with subjective ratings obtained from a formal listening test. Further, the objective quality measurements averaged over audio items were statistically indistinguishable from similarly averaged subjective quality ratings. Finally, mean objective codec quality measurements generated from a larger number of preselected audio items were found to be similar to the subjective ratings and objective quality measurements for a few critical items chosen for the listening test.
Multilead Template‐Derived Residua of Surface ECGS for Quantitative Assessment of Arrhythmia Risk (2014)

Calculation of ECG-template derived Residua provides a highly accurate means for assessing arrhythmia risk from standard ECGs. Potential widespread applications include resting diagnostic 12-lead, ambulatory, and exercise ECGs, electrophysiologic study laboratory recordings, and implantable devices.
Functional cardiac fibroblasts derived from human pluripotent stem cells via second heart field progenitors (2019)

Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) play critical roles in heart development, homeostasis, and disease. The limited availability of human CFs from native heart impedes investigations of CF biology and their role in disease. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) provide a highly renewable and genetically defined cell source, but efficient methods to generate CFs from hPSCs have not been described. Here, we show differentiation of hPSCs using sequential modulation of Wnt and FGF signaling to generate second heart field progenitors that efficiently give rise to hPSC-CFs. The hPSC-CFs resemble native heart CFs in cell morphology, proliferation, gene expression, fibroblast marker expression, production of extracellular matrix and myofibroblast transformation induced by TGFβ1 and angiotensin II. Furthermore, hPSC-CFs exhibit a more embryonic phenotype when compared to fetal and adult primary human CFs. Co-culture of hPSC-CFs with hPSC-derived cardiomyocytes distinctly alters the electrophysiological properties of the cardiomyocytes compared to co-culture with dermal fibroblasts. The hPSC-CFs provide a powerful cell source for research, drug discovery, precision medicine, and therapeutic applications in cardiac regeneration.
Myticin, a novel cysteine‐rich antimicrobial peptide isolated from haemocytes and plasma of the mussel <i>Mytilus galloprovincialis</i> (1999)

We report here the isolation of two isoforms of a novel cysteine-rich peptide from haemocytes (isoform A of 4.438 Da and B of 4.562 Da) and plasma (isoform A) of the mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis. The two molecules display antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria, whereas only isoform B is active against the fungus Fusarium oxysporum and a gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli D31. Complete peptide sequences were determined by a combination of Edman degradation, mass spectrometry and cDNA cloning using a haemocyte cDNA library. The mature molecules, named myticins, comprise 40 residues with four intramolecular disulfide bridges and a cysteine array in the primary structure different to that of the previously characterized cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides. Sequence analysis of the cloned cDNAs revealed that myticin precursors consist of 96 amino acids with a putative signal peptide of 20 amino acids, the antimicrobial peptide sequence and a 36-residue C-terminal extension. This structure suggests that myticins are synthesized as preproproteins and then processed by various proteolytic events before storage of the active peptide in the haemocytes. Myticin precursors are expressed mainly in the haemocytes as revealed by Northern blot analysis.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON DATE SYRUP (DIPS) AS SUBSTRATE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BAKER'S YEAST (SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE) (2010)

The suitability of date syrup (dips) as a substrate for the production of baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was examined and compared with molasses substrate as a reference. With regard to nutrient content, dips compared very well with molasses in this respect. Dips included more sugars, biotin and pantothenic acid than molasses, about similar contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and magnesium, about half the content of potassium (but still enough for baker’s yeast production), and much less m-inositol. Like molasses, dips contained some compounds, including formic, acetic and propionic acid, toxic to Saccharomyces cerevisiae while other toxic compounds occasionally found in molasses such as nitrite, sulfite and butyric acid were not detected in dips. Addition of molasses to dips at 1:1 ratio will bring the end concentration of formic acid to values below toxicity level. Hence, dips can be used at 50% of the substrate for production of baker’s yeast, which is a reasonable amount of utilization.
Single-mode Quantum Cascade Lasers with a Folded Fabry-Perot Resonator Waveguide (2010)

We demonstrate single mode operation of Quantum Cascade lasers employing a folded Fabry-Perot resonator waveguide design. Single mode emission is achieved with ~20dB side mode suppression up to ~400mA above threshold current in pulsed operation.
Novel RNA Synthesis Method Using 5‘-<i>O</i>-Silyl-2‘-<i>O</i>-orthoester Protecting Groups (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTNovel RNA Synthesis Method Using 5'-O-Silyl-2'-O-orthoester Protecting GroupsStephen A. Scaringe, Francine E. Wincott, and Marvin H. CaruthersView Author Information Dharmacon Research, Inc., Boulder, Colorado 80301 Ribozyme Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Boulder, Colorado 80301 University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 45, 11820–11821Publication Date (Web):November 3, 1998Publication History Received5 March 1998Published online3 November 1998Published inissue 1 November 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja980730vhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja980730vrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2594Altmetric-Citations204LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Biopolymers,Genetics,High-performance liquid chromatography,Protective groups,Quality management Get e-Alerts
Planar lightwave circuit design for programmablecomplementaryspectral keying encoder and decoder (1999)

A planar lightwave circuit design for implementing complementary spectral keying encoders and decoders is presented. The design uses only one arrayed-waveguide grating integrated with arrays of thermo-optic phase shifters and attenuators in a reflective structure. The result is a compact, low component count, programmable spectral keying switch that can implement a variety of spectral encoding/decoding functions.
Reversing The Meaning of Node Connectivity for Content Placement in\n Networks of Caches (2019)

It is a widely accepted heuristic in content caching to place the most\npopular content at the nodes that are the best connected. The other common\nheuristic is somewhat contradictory, as it places the most popular content at\nthe edge, at the caching nodes nearest the users. We contend that neither\npolicy is best suited for caching content in a network and propose a simple\nalternative that places the most popular content at the least connected node.\nNamely, we populate content first at the nodes that have the lowest graph\ncentrality over the network topology. Here, we provide an analytical study of\nthis policy over some simple topologies that are tractable, namely regular\ngrids and trees. Our mathematical results demonstrate that placing popular\ncontent at the least connected nodes outperforms the aforementioned\nalternatives in typical conditions.\n
Robust and durable prophylactic protection conferred by RNA interference in preclinical models of SARS-CoV-2 (2022)

Abstract RNA interference is a natural antiviral mechanism that could be harnessed to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection by targeting and destroying the viral genome. We screened lipophilic small-interfering RNA (siRNA) conjugates targeting highly conserved regions of the SARS-CoV-2 genome and identified leads targeting outside of the spike-encoding region capable of achieving ≥3-log viral reduction. Serial passaging studies demonstrated that a two-siRNA combination prevented development of resistance compared to a single-siRNA approach. A two-siRNA combination delivered intranasally protected Syrian hamsters from weight loss and lung pathology by viral infection upon prophylactic administration but not following onset of infection. Together, the data support potential utility of RNAi as a prophylactic approach to limit SARS-CoV-2 infection that may help combat emergent variants, complement existing interventions, or protect populations where vaccines are less effective. Most importantly, this strategy has implications for developing medicines that may be valuable in protecting against future coronavirus pandemics.
Sequence of protective epitopes of streptococcal M proteins shared with cardiac sarcolemmal membranes. (1987)

Synthetic peptide fragments spanning the entire amino acid sequence of pep M5 were used to detect epitopes cross-reactive with heart tissue components other than myosin. Heart-cross-reactive pep M5 antibodies were affinity purified by absorption to and elution from purified sarcolemmal membranes. Only one of the synthetic peptides, SM5(164-197)C, inhibited reactivity of the affinity-purified antibodies with pep M5 by ELISA. SM5(164-197)C linked to KLH evoked both opsonic and heart-cross-reactive antibodies in rabbits. In addition to type 5, the immune sera opsonized M types 6, 18, 19, and 49 streptococci. The antisera reacted strongly with isolated cardiac sarcolemmal membranes by immunofluorescence. In Western blots of cardiac tissue, the anti-SM5(164-197)C reacted with a 40 kDa protein but not with myosin. The reaction was inhibited by pep M5 and SM5(164-197)C but not by any of the other peptides spanning pep M5. The cross-reactive anti-SM5(164-197)C affinity purified on sarcolemmal membranes opsonized types 5, 6, and 19 but not type 24 streptococci. These results indicate that SM5(164-197)C contains heart-cross-reactive, opsonic epitopes that are shared among heterologous serotypes of group A streptococci.
Toward an Implantable Wireless Cardiac Monitoring Platform Integrated with an FDA‐Approved Cardiovascular Stent (2009)

Continuous monitoring of blood pressure from a minimally invasive device in the pulmonary artery can serve as a diagnostic and early warning system for cardiac health. The foremost challenge in such a device is the wireless transfer of data and power from within the blood vessel to an external device while maintaining unrestricted flow through the artery. We present a miniaturized system, which is attached to the outer surface of a regular or drug-eluting FDA-approved stent. When expanded, the stent maintains a patent vessel lumen while allowing contact between the electronic sensors and the blood supply. The stent-based antenna can be used for both wireless telemetry and power transfer for the implanted electronics. Using the stent platform as both a radiating antenna and a structural support allows us to take advantage of an FDA-approved device whose safety and surgical procedure are well established. The electronics package has been reduced to an area of less than 1 mm(2), with a thickness under 300 mum. A minimally invasive implantation procedure allows the delivery of the stent-based implant in nearly any major vessel of the body. This article describes an initial prototype with two stents configured as a single dipole, a 2.4-GHz transmitter microchip, and a battery, and validates transcutaneous transmission through ex vivo and in vivo porcine studies. The results demonstrate the feasibility of a stent-based wireless platform for continuous monitoring of blood pressure.
High-resolution 248-nm bilayer resist (1999)

Bilayer thin film imaging is one approach to extend 248 nm optical lithography to 150 nm regime and beyond. In this paper, we report our progress in the development of a positive-tone bilayer resist system consisting of a thin silicon containing imaging layer over a recently developed crosslinked polymeric underlayer. The chemically amplified imaging layer resist is based on a novel dual-functional silicon containing monomer, tris(trimethylsilyl)silylethyl methacrylate, which in addition to providing etch resistance, also functions as the acid sensitive functionality. The stabilization of (beta) -silyl carboncation by silicon allows this moiety to serve as an acid sensitive protecting group. Thus high silicon content and high resist contrast are achieved simultaneously. Lithographic evaluation of the bilayer resist with a 0.63 NA and a 0.68 NA 248 nm exposure tool has demonstrated resolution down to 125 nm equal line/space features with a dose latitude of 16 percent and depth of focus (DOF) of 0.6 um. The dose latitude and DOF for 150 nm equal line/space features are 22 percent and 1.2 um, respectively. Finally, residue-free, ultra-high aspect ratio resist features have been obtained by O<SUB>2</SUB> or O<SUB>2</SUB>/SO<SUB>2</SUB> reactive ion etching using a high-density plasma etch system. The resist design, deprotection chemistry, lithographic and etch characteristics of the top layer, as well as the design of the new underlay, will be discussed.
Opto-electronic oscillator incorporating carrier suppression noise reduction technique (2003)

The noise performance of the optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) has been improved by about 20 dB. This improvement is obtained with a novel implementation of the carrier suppression technique. This performance is significant because the oscillator is free-running; and since the noise in an OEO is independent of the oscillation frequency, the same performance may also be obtained at higher frequency. We have recently developed a novel carrier suppression technique to reduce the 1/f phase noise of the oscillator even further. The technique is based on the use of a long fiber delay.
A 17-Amino Acid Insert Changes UDP-N-Acetylhexosamine Pyrophosphorylase Specificity from UDP-GalNAc to UDP-GlcNAc (1998)

We previously reported the purification of a UDP-N-acetylhexosamine (UDP-HexNAc) pyrophosphorylase from pig liver that catalyzed the synthesis of both UDP-GlcNAc and UDP-GalNAc from UTP and the appropriate HexNAc-1-P (Szumilo, T., Zeng, Y., Pastuszak, I., Drake, R., Szumilo, H., and Elbein, A. D. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 13147-13154). Both sugar nucleotides were synthesized at nearly the same rate, although the Km for GalNAc-1-P was about 3 times higher than for GlcNAc-1-P. Based on native gels and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the enzyme appeared to be a dimer of 120 kDa composed of two subunits of about 57 and 64 kDa. Three peptides sequenced from the 64-kDa protein and two from the 57-kDa protein showed 100% identity to AGX1, a 57-kDa protein of unknown function from human sperm. An isoform called AGX2 is identical in sequence to AGX1 except that it has a 17-amino acid insert near the carboxyl terminus. We expressed the AGX1 and AGX2 genes in Escherichia coli. The protein isolated from the AGX1 clone comigrated on SDS gels with the liver 57-kDa pyrophosphorylase subunit and was 2-3 times more active with GalNAc-1-P than with GlcNAc-1-P. On the other hand, the protein from the AGX2 clone migrated with the liver 64-kDa pyrophosphorylase subunit and had 8-fold better activity with GlcNAc-1-P than with GalNAc-1-P. These results indicate that insertion of the 17-amino acid peptide modifies the specificity of the pyrophosphorylase from synthesis of UDP-GalNAc to synthesis of UDP-GlcNAc.
A structural and thermodynamic basis for the catalytic behavior of single phase and multiphase bismuth cerium molybdate ammoxidation catalysts (1983)

The vast majority of fundamental studies of metal oxide selective oxidation catalysts have been performed with single phase systems. These investigations established the basic tenents of the redox mechanism of selective oxidation and ammoxidation catalysis. By comparison, structural and kinetic investigations of multiphase oxide catalysts are less numerous because of the inherent difficulties in understanding the relative contributions of separate phases to the catalytic behavior of the composite catalyst. Some attempts have been made in the past to understand the complex chemistry of multiphase catalysts and additional important insights have been realized more recently. However, a clear understanding of the most significant catalytic interactions between individual phases of a multiphase multicomponent redox catalyst is still lacking. In an effort to provide an understanding and a physical basis for the observed synergism in multiphase oxide catalysts, the structural and chemical features which dictate the catalytic behavior of bismuth cerium molybdate catalysts were assessed. Bismuth cerium molybdates are known to be active catalysts for the selective oxidation and ammoxidation of olefins. Compositions with superior catalytic performance have been identified in both the single phase and two phase regions of the Bi/sub 2/(MoO/sub 4/)/sub 3/ - Ce/sub 2/(MoO/sub 4/)/sub 3/ phase diagram. Hence,more » this catalyst system serves as a useful model for determining key structural and thermodynamic aspects of the catalytic behavior of multicomponent single phase and multiphase redox catalysts.« less
Sequential fractionation of feruloylated hemicelluloses and oligosaccharides from wheat bran using subcritical water and xylanolytic enzymes (2017)

Sequential combination of subcritical water and xylanolytic enzymes release bioactive hemicelluloses and oligosaccharides from wheat bran with antioxidant activity.
Protein Expression Profiling Predicts Graft Performance in Clinical Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion (2014)

Perfusate protein expression during EVLP can differentiate lungs with good outcome from lungs PGD3 after transplantation. These perfusate biomarkers can be potentially used for more precise donor lung selection improving the outcomes of transplantation.