gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Planar four‐element frequency agile <scp>MIMO</scp> antenna system with chassis mode reconfigurability (2015)

ABSTRACT In this work, a novel multiband, four‐element, meandered‐line reconfigurable planar F‐shaped multiple‐input‐multiple‐output antenna is presented. The proposed design includes chassis mode reconfigurability option as well. A combination of PIN and varactor diodes is used to achieve the frequency tuning over a wide‐band. The proposed design covers several well‐known frequency bands between 0.7 and 3 GHz. The design is compact and realized on a single commercial substrate board with dimensions 65 × 120 × 1.56 mm 3 that can be used in small wireless handheld devices for cognitive radio applications. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1933–1938, 2015
Isolation and identification of 1,25-dihydroxy-24-oxo-vitamin D3 and 1,23,25-trihydroxy-24-oxo-vitamin D3. New metabolites of vitamin D3 produced by a C-24 oxidation pathway of metabolism for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 present in intestine and kidney. (1983)

Two new vitamin D metabolites were isolated in pure form from separate incubations of homogenates of chick small intestinal mucosa or rat kidney employing either 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (28 microM) or 1 alpha,24R,25-trihydroxyvitamin D3 as substrate (0.17-1.3 microM). The newly characterized compounds and the amounts isolated in pure form from separate isolations are, respectively: 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy-24-oxo-vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2-24-oxo-D3), 147 micrograms from kidney and 4.2 and 40 micrograms from intestine; 1 alpha,23,25-trihydroxy-24-oxo-vitamin D3 (1,23,25(OH)3-24-oxo-D3), 155 micrograms from kidney and 5.9 and 34 micrograms from intestine. Their structures were identified after extensive high pressure liquid chromatography by means of ultraviolet absorption spectrometry, mass spectrometry of the free compounds and their trimethylsilylated derivatives, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, specific chemical reduction of the 24-oxo functionality with sodium borohydride, as well as direct comparison with synthetic 1,25(OH)2-24-oxo-D3. These structural assignments for both compounds correct previous determinations which had been proposed (Ohnuma, N., Kruse, J. R., Popjak, G., and Norman, A. W. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 5097-5102). The activity of the C-24 oxidation pathway used for the production of the 1,25(OH)2-24-oxo-D3 and 1,23,25(OH)3-24-oxo-D3 can be enhanced 10-fold by prior priming of the chicks or rats with a single intravenous dose of 1,25(OH)2D3 (1-12 nmol/100 g body weight); the induction of the enzyme activity is maximal by 3-6 h and returns to basal levels within 12 h. Further, 1,25(OH)2D3, 1,24,25(OH)3D3, and 1,25(OH)2-24-oxo-D3 all were found to be capable of serving as a precursor with chick intestine and rat kidney homogenates of 1,23,25(OH)3-24-oxo-D3. Collectively these results suggest the existence of a C-24 oxidation pathway for metabolism of 1,25(OH)2D3 by the target intestinal mucosa and kidney to 1,23,25(OH)3-24-oxo-D3. The pathway may play an important role in controlling the tissue levels of this hormonally active form of vitamin D3.
Recent Advances in Additive Manufacturing of High Strength 7000 Series Aluminum (2018)

Abstract A new process called nanofunctionalization was successfully used to control the solidifying microstructure during additive manufacturing and produce crack-free 7000 and 6000 series aluminum alloys for the first time.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF 2,3‐DIAMINO‐4(3H)‐PYRIMIDINONES AND 3‐AMINO‐2‐HYDRAZINO‐4(3H)‐PYRIMIDINONES. I (1985)

Abstract Aminoguanidin (I) kondensiert mit Ketoestern (II) zu den 4‐Pyrimidonen (III) in großer Variationsbreite, analog erhält man aus dem Amino‐Homologen (V) die N‐Amino‐Derivate (VI).
Toward optimality in scalable predictive coding (2001)

A method is proposed for efficient scalability in predictive coding, which overcomes known fundamental shortcomings of the prediction loop at enhancement layers. The compression efficiency of an enhancement-layer is substantially improved by casting the design of its prediction module within an estimation-theoretic framework, and thereby exploiting all information available at that layer for the prediction of the signal, and encoding of the prediction error. While the most immediately important application is in video compression, the method is derived in a general setting and is applicable to any scalable predictive coder. Thus, the estimation-theoretic approach is first developed for basic DPCM compression and demonstrates the power of the technique in a simple setting that only involves straightforward prediction, scalar quantization, and entropy coding. Results for the scalable compression of first-order Gauss-Markov and Laplace-Markov signals illustrate the performance. A specific estimation algorithm is then developed for standard scalable DCT-based video coding. Simulation results show consistent and substantial performance gains due to optimal estimation at the enhancement-layers.
A novel Bragg grating sensor interrogation system utilizing a scanning filter, a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a 3×3 coupler (2001)

This work describes a new technique for fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensor interrogation and multiplexing. The technique combines a scanning Fabry-Perot (SFP) bandpass filter used to wavelength-multiplex multiple gratings in a single fibre, and an unbalanced Mach-Zehnder fibre interferometer made with a 3×3 coupler to detect strain-induced wavelength shifts. A passive technique for interferometer drift compensation using non-sensing FBGs is included in the system. A prototype complete system interrogates four gratings in a single fibre at a Nyquist sampling rate up to 10 kHz, with a noise floor measured near 4 n Hz-1/2 above 0.1 Hz. The inclusion of the interferometer drift compensation technique is shown to make quasi-static measurements feasible.
Absolute ultrasonic displacement amplitude measurements with a submersible electrostatic acoustic transducer (1992)

An experimental technique for absolute measurement of ultrasonic wave particle displacement amplitudes in liquids is reported. The technique is capable of measurements over a frequency range of two decades with a sensitivity less than one angstrom. The technique utilizes a previously reported submersible electrostatic acoustic transducer (ESAT) [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 50, 31 (1979)] featuring a conductive membrane stretched over a recessed electrode. An uncertainty analysis shows that the displacement amplitude of an ultrasonic plane wave incident on the ESAT can be experimentally determined to better than 2.3%–4%, depending on frequency, in the frequency range of 0.5–15 MHz. Membranes with lower and more uniform areal densities can improve the accuracy and extend the operation to higher frequencies.
Diagnosing Colorectal Polyps in the Wild with Capsule Networks (2020)

Colorectal cancer, largely arising from precursor lesions called polyps, remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Current clinical standards require the resection and histopathological analysis of polyps due to test accuracy and sensitivity of optical biopsy methods falling substantially below recommended levels. In this study, we design a novel capsule network architecture (D-Caps) to improve the viability of optical biopsy of colorectal polyps. Our proposed method introduces several technical novelties including a novel capsule architecture with a capsule-average pooling (CAP) method to improve efficiency in large-scale image classification. We demonstrate improved results over the previous state-of-the-art convolutional neural network (CNN) approach by as much as 43%. This work provides an important benchmark on the new Mayo Polyp dataset, a significantly more challenging and larger dataset than previous polyp studies, with results stratified across all available categories, imaging devices and modalities, and focus modes to promote future direction into AI-driven colorectal cancer screening systems. Code is publicly available at https://github.com/lalonderodney/D-Caps.
PAP, a pancreatic secretory protein induced during acute pancreatitis, is expressed in rat intestine (1993)

The pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP) is a lectin-related secretory protein present in small amounts in the rat pancreas and rapidly overexpressed during the acute phase of pancreatitis. We demonstrate in this report that PAP is also expressed in rat intestine. A cDNA library from rat jejunum was probed with pancreatic PAP cDNA. The inserts of the selected recombinant clones corresponded to a transcript whose nucleotide sequence was identical to that of pancreatic PAP mRNA. The transcript was detected in duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon. A protein with same molecular mass (16 kDa) and pI (8.2) as pancreatic PAP was actually immunodetected in ileum homogenate after separation by two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Intestinal PAP was immunolocalized to the epithelial cells of the lower part of the villi. The protein accounted respectively for 0.02, 0.05, and 0.1% of soluble proteins in duodenum, jejunum, and ileum homogenates, as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and could not be detected in stomach and colon. Influence of fasting and feeding on PAP mRNA concentration was analyzed in ileum. Concentration decreased by 81 and 94% after animals were fasted for 24 and 48 h, respectively. Feeding restored the initial content within 6 h. On the other hand, intestinal PAP mRNA concentration was not altered during acute pancreatitis.
ChemInform Abstract: RESISTIVITIES OF THIN FILM TRANSITION METAL SILICIDES (1982)

Abstract Die Schichtwiderstände von dünnen Übergangsmetallsilicid?lmen, die entweder durch Umsetzung von Metallfilmen mit Silicium‐ oder polykristallinen Si‐Substraten oder durch Sintern von gemeinsam auf Silicium‐, Polysilicium‐ oder Oxid‐Substraten aufgestäubten Metall + Silicium‐ Filmen gebildet werden, werden als Funktion der Sintertemp.
Generation of Tyrosine Hydroxylase-Producing Neurons from Precursors of the Embryonic and Adult Forebrain (1999)

We have explored the plastic ability of neuronal precursors to acquire different identities by manipulating their surrounding environment. Specifically, we sought to identify potential signals involved in the specification of forebrain dopaminergic neurons. Here we describe culture conditions under which tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression is induced in neuronal precursors, which were derived directly from the embryonic striatum and adult subependyma (SE) of the lateral ventricle or generated from multipotent forebrain stem cells. TH was successfully induced in all of these cell types by 24 hr exposure to basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) and glial cell conditioned media (CM). The greatest magnitude of the inductive action was on embryonic striatal precursors. Although FGF2 alone induced limited TH expression in striatal cells (1.1 +/- 0.2% of neurons), these actions were potentiated 17.5-fold (19.6 +/- 1.5% of neurons) when FGF2 was coadministered with B49 glial cell line CM. Of these TH-immunoreactive cells, approximately 15% incorporated bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), indicating that they were newly generated, and 95% coexpressed the neurotransmitter GABA. To investigate whether precursors of the adult forebrain subependyma were competent to respond to the instructive actions of FGF2+CM, they were first labeled in vivo with a pulse of BrdU. Although none of the cells expressed TH in control, 0.2% of total cells showed TH immunoreactivity in FGF2+CM-treated cultures. Under these same conditions only, in vitro-generated precursors from epidermal growth factor-responsive stem cells exhibited TH expression in 10% of their total neuronal progeny. Regulation of neurotransmitter phenotype in forebrain neuronal precursors, by the synergistic action of FGF2 and glial-derived diffusible factors, may represent a first step in understanding how these cells are generated in the embryonic and adult brain and opens the prospect for their manipulation in vitro and in vivo for therapeutic use.
Heterogeneity and Seroprevalence of a Newly Identified Avian Hepatitis E Virus from Chickens in the United States (2002)

We recently identified and characterized a novel virus, designated avian hepatitis E virus (avian HEV), from chickens with hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome (HS syndrome) in the United States. Avian HEV is genetically related to but distinct from human and swine HEVs. To determine the extent of genetic variation and the seroprevalence of avian HEV infection in chicken flocks, we genetically identified and characterized 11 additional avian HEV isolates from chickens with HS syndrome and assessed the prevalence of avian HEV antibodies from a total of 1,276 chickens of different ages and breeds from 76 different flocks in five states (California, Colorado, Connecticut, Virginia, and Wisconsin). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a truncated recombinant avian HEV ORF2 antigen was developed and used to determine avian HEV seroprevalence. About 71% of chicken flocks and 30% of chickens tested in the study were positive for antibodies to avian HEV. About 17% of chickens younger than 18 weeks were seropositive, whereas about 36% of adult chickens were seropositive. By using a reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assay, we tested 21 bile samples from chickens with HS syndrome in California, Connecticut, New York, and Wisconsin for the presence of avian HEV RNA. Of the 21 bile samples, 12 were positive for 30- to 35-nm HEV-like virus particles by electron microscopy (EM). A total of 11 of the 12 EM-positive bile samples and 6 of the 9 EM-negative bile samples were positive for avian HEV RNA by RT-PCR. The sequences of a 372-bp region within the helicase gene of 11 avian HEV isolates were determined. Sequence analyses revealed that the 11 field isolates of avian HEV had 78 to 100% nucleotide sequence identities to each other, 79 to 88% identities to the prototype avian HEV, 76 to 80% identities to chicken big liver and spleen disease virus, and 56 to 61% identities to other known strains of human and swine HEV. The data from this study indicated that, like swine and human HEVs, avian HEV isolates are genetically heterogenic and that avian HEV infection is enzoonotic in chicken flocks in the United States.
Neutralization-sensitive epitopes are conserved among geographically diverse isolates of Cryptosporidium parvum (1992)

Isolates of Cryptosporidium parvum from New York, Florida, Brazil, Mexico, and Peru were examined for the presence of two sporozoite surface epitopes originally identified in an Iowa isolate by neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) 18.44 and 17.41. Immunofluorescence microscopy and immunoblotting demonstrated the presence of both epitopes on all isolates. Incubation of DEAE-cellulose-purified sporozoites of the New York, Florida, Brazil, and Mexico isolates with MAb 18.44 or 17.41 significantly neutralized their infectivity for 4- to 6-day-old BALB/c mice. The results indicate that two neutralization-sensitive epitopes are conserved on geographically diverse C. parvum isolates.
Seeing the Invisible: Scanning Near-Field Ultrasound Holography (SNFUH) for High Resolution Sub-Surface Imaging (2006)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2006 in Chicago, Illinois, USA, July 30 – August 3, 2006
Section Review: Biologicals & Immunologicals: Human papillomavirus infection, genital warts and cervical cancer: prospects for prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines (1995)

Papillomaviruses cause warts of the skin, anogenital mucosa, and bronchial mucosa, and also pre-neoplastic lesions of the cervical and vulval mucosae, which in a proportion of women progress to invasive carcinomata. Papillomaviruses cannot be propagated in vitro, which has hindered the development of prophylactic vaccines, but recent production of synthetic virus like particles (VLPs) in vitro using recombinant DNA technology has resulted in vaccines which prevent papillomavirus infection in animal models, and has given rise to commercial interest in human prophylactic vaccines. Papillomavirus proteins are generally poorly presented to the immune system in the course of natural infection and, therefore, therapeutic immunity may be produced by appropriate choice of viral protein and delivery system. Immunotherapy for PV associated cancer is targeted at two non-structural PV proteins expressed in cancer cells (E6 and E7), which have been shown to be effective targets for immunotherapy in experimental tumour models: Phase I/II clinical trials are now underway. Immunotherapy for pre-neoplastic lesions presents a greater choice of potential viral antigenic targets: as animal models give conflicting data, clinical trials in man may be necessary to choose the correct antigens.
Heat‐curable polyaromatic keto‐ether‐sulfones. XIV. More polymers with 2,2′‐diphenylethynyl‐4,4′‐diphenyl units and their rearrangement products (1979)

Abstract Polymers were prepared from 4,4′‐diphenoxydiphenylsulfone, isophthaloyl dichloride, and bis‐ p ‐phenoxyphenyl‐4,4′‐(2,2′‐dibromodiphenyl)ketone, 2,2′‐dibromodiphenyl‐4,4′‐dicarbonyl dichloride, or bis‐ p ‐phenoxyphenyl‐4,4′‐(2,2′‐diphenylethynyldiphenyl)ketone in Friedel‐Crafts type of polymerization. Bromine groups were subsequently replaced with phenylacetylene residues, and the polymers were cured at high temperatures, with the apparent formation of benzanthracene linkages. Cured polymers exhibited higher softening points, decreased solubilities, and, in some instances, higher melting points than their uncured precursors. Significant weight losses occurred during isothermal aging tests.
Multithreaded real-time 3D image processing software architecture and implementation (2011)

Recently, 3D displays and videos have generated a lot of interest in the consumer electronics industry. To make 3D capture and playback popular and practical, a user friendly playback interface is desirable. Towards this end, we built a real time software 3D video player. The 3D video player displays user captured 3D videos, provides for various 3D specific image processing functions and ensures a pleasant viewing experience. Moreover, the player enables user interactivity by providing digital zoom and pan functionalities. This real time 3D player was implemented on the GPU using CUDA and OpenGL. The player provides user interactive 3D video playback. Stereo images are first read by the player from a fast drive and rectified. Further processing of the images determines the optimal convergence point in the 3D scene to reduce eye strain. The rationale for this convergence point selection takes into account scene depth and display geometry. The first step in this processing chain is identifying keypoints by detecting vertical edges within the left image. Regions surrounding reliable keypoints are then located on the right image through the use of block matching. The difference in the positions between the corresponding regions in the left and right images are then used to calculate disparity. The extrema of the disparity histogram gives the scene disparity range. The left and right images are shifted based upon the calculated range, in order to place the desired region of the 3D scene at convergence. All the above computations are performed on one CPU thread which calls CUDA functions. Image upsampling and shifting is performed in response to user zoom and pan. The player also consists of a CPU display thread, which uses OpenGL rendering (quad buffers). This also gathers user input for digital zoom and pan and sends them to the processing thread.
Comparative biological activities of highly potent active-site analogs of .alpha.-melanotropin (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComparative biological activities of highly potent active-site analogs of .alpha.-melanotropinTomi K. Sawyer, Victor J. Hruby, Brian C. Wilkes, Matthew T. Draelos, Mac E. Hadley, and Marvin BergsneiderCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1982, 25, 9, 1022–1027Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00351a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00351a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views109Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Transparent composite electrode for high-efficiency polymer LEDs (2012)

Polymer composite electrodes based on silver nanowires or carbon nanotubes have been prepared with transparency and surface conductivity approaching those of ITO/glass and better than ITO/PET. The conductive surface has an average roughness less than 10 nm, better than ITO/glass. Depending on the polymer matrix selected, the composite electrodes can be made rigid, flexible like polycarbonate, or stretchable like a rubber. Various polymer light emitting diodes,light emitting electrochemical cells and polymer solar cells have been fabricated using the composite electrode as anode, exhibiting electroluminescent efficiencies generally higher than control devices fabricated on ITO/glass. These polymer light emitting devices are all highly flexible and can be bent to less than 3 mm radius without loss of performance. With further modification of the composite electrodes, we have also demonstrated stretchable OLEDs wherein the emissive area can be elongated by as much as 50%.
A Novel Regeneration Technique for Free Space Optical Communication Systems (2020)

We propose a novel technique to regenerate the optical signal in a relay-based free space optical link. Our proposed regenerator is based on an Electro-absorption modulator whose optical input is the signal to be regenerated, while the electrical input is extracted by processing a part of the optical input signal. The signal at the output of the proposed regenerator based relay has lower intensity fluctuations compared to a conventional optical amplifier based relay. We have tested our proposed regenerator-based relay under medium and strong turbulence conditions by choosing the refractive index structure parameters as 5 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-15</sup> m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2/3</sup> and 5 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-10</sup> m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2/3</sup> , respectively. Our simulation results show that the proposed regenerator-based relay reduces the received power penalty by 3.5 dB compared to the conventional amplifier-based relay, under strong turbulence conditions.