gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Research on OTFS Modulation Applied in LTE-based 5G Terrestrial Broadcast (2020)

With the evolution of FeMBMS technology and the definition of new numerologies in 3GPP from Release 14 until now, physical performance of LTE-based terrestrial broadcast has been improved, such as larger geographic area with longer CP (Cyclic prefix) of 200μs or even 300μs applied for HPHT (High Power High Tower) compared with traditional unicast with CP of 16.67μs, however as for the limitation of OFDM modulation adopted in FeMBMS in high Doppler scenarios, it has to define another kind of numerology with larger sub-carrier spacing (CP of 100μs) to be published in R16 to support the mobility speed of 250km/h. It is not possible to support large area and high mobility speed in only one numerology at the current technological regime. OTFS (Orthogonal Time Frequency Space) modulation is famous for its performance in resisting high Doppler, this paper builds the bridge between OTFS and LTE-based terrestrial broadcast, and does research on OTFS modulation under the parameters of LTE-based terrestrial broadcast, including as follows. First, briefly introduces the background and development of OTFS modulation and its advantage over other traditional modulation. Basic principle and the signal processing flow of OTFS modulation is described in section II and section III. In the fourth part, this paper gives the development requirements of 5G broadcasting, furthermore, generates the simulation about OTFS system under the numerologies of LTE-based terrestrial broadcast published in R14, compared with OFDM performance individually in CAS and MBSFN mode. Simulation results and conclusions are given in section V.
Positional apoptosis during vertebrate CNS development in the absence of endogenous retinoids (1997)

We have previously shown that quail embryos that develop in the absence of vitamin A have severe defects in their central nervous system. One defect is a completely missing posterior hindbrain. Here we have studied how this comes about by examining cell death using a wholemount technique. In these A- embryos we observe two narrow bands of ectopic apoptosis. One is in the mesenchyme in the region of the first somite and occurs at the 4-6 somite stage, before neural tube closure. The second band follows immediately afterwards and occurs in the neuroepithelium of the presumptive posterior hindbrain at the 6-8 somite stage. Electron microscopy shows that the dying neuroepithelial cells exhibit the characteristics of apoptosis. Rescuing the embryos by injecting retinol before gastrulation completely prevents these apoptotic events. In an effort to identify some of the genes that may be involved in the apoptotic pathway we show that Msx-2 is upregulated in the apoptotic neuroepithelium and thus may be involved, whereas Bmp-4 is not altered and thus presumably not involved. Since these apoptotic event take place at the time of specification of axial identity and segmentation in the mesenchyme and neuroepithelium we conclude that these cells die because they are wrongly specified in terms of their rostrocaudal position, a novel phenomenon which we refer to as positional apoptosis.
Intelligent Fault Detection in Power Distribution Systems Using Thermos-grams by Ensemble Classifiers (2016)

In today’s world, many companies use the thermal imaging (infrared), in order to prevent failures and improve the reliability of the electrical networks. In fact, the technical inspection of the electrical equipment using thermal cameras, is the most effective method for preventive defect detection. This contribution deals with, a systematic method in which, areas suspected of failure, are identified through computer-aided thermal image processing. To this end, the candidate areas are determined, using adaptive threshold and, a number of features are extracted from them. Next, using a genetic algorithm (GA), the irrelevant features are omitted. Finally, by means of a hybrid classifier, the pattern of positive and false positive areas, have been identified. This classifier can also be used as a filter, after extracting the candidate areas. This method is tested on images taken from Tehran northwest substations. As a result, applying the feature selection algorithm leads to a faster intelligent fault detection and higher Reliability, especially in widespread networks, which is known as an effective validation for the proposed method.
Swimmer Localization from a Moving Camera (2013)

At the highest level of competitive sport, nearly all performances of athletes (both training and competitive) are chronicled using video. Video is then often viewed by expert coaches/analysts who then manually label important performance indicators to gauge performance. Stroke-rate and pacing are important performance measures in swimming, and these are previously digitised manually by a human. This is problematic as annotating large volumes of video can be costly, and time-consuming. Further, since it is difficult to accurately estimate the position of the swimmer at each frame, measures such as stroke rate are generally aggregated over an entire swimming lap. Vision-based techniques which can automatically, objectively and reliably track the swimmer and their location can potentially solve these issues and allow for large-scale analysis of a swimmer across many videos. However, the aquatic environment is challenging due to fluctuations in scene from splashes, reflections and because swimmers are frequently submerged at different points in a race. In this paper, we temporally segment races into distinct and sequential states, and propose a multimodal approach which employs individual detectors tuned to each race state. Our approach allows the swimmer to be located and tracked smoothly in each frame despite a diverse range of constraints. We test our approach on a video dataset compiled at the 2012 Australian Short Course Swimming Championships.
Two new cysteine proteinases with specific expression patterns in mature and senescent tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) leaves* (2006)

Cysteine proteinases are involved in various physiological and developmental processes in plants. Two cDNAs from senescent and non-senescent tobacco leaves were isolated with degenerate primers designed from conserved regions of plant senescence-associated cysteine proteinases using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Both sequences encode papain-like cysteine proteinases: the 833 bp fragment (NtCP1) encoding a C-terminus partial sequence of a putative tobacco cysteine proteinase gene whereas the 1300 bp fragment (NtCP2) is a full-length cysteine proteinase. On the amino acid sequence level, NtCP1 has a high similarity with other senescence-associated cysteine proteinases. It is expressed only in senescent leaves. It is not induced in mature green leaves upon exposure to drought or heat. These results suggest that it might be a good developmental senescence marker in tobacco. By contrast, NtCP2 has a high similarity to KDEL-tailed cysteine proteinases and is expressed in mature green leaves. Both drought and heat decreased NtCP2 transcript abundance in mature green leaves. It is concluded that NtCP1 is a senescence-specific cysteine proteinase whereas NtCP2 fulfils roles in green leaves that might be similar to those of KDEL-tailed cysteine proteinases involved, for example, in programmed cell death.
Improved bipolar cascade laser characteristics by optimization of InP electron stopper layers (2005)

In order to design InP-based edge-emitting bipolar cascade lasers, we have developed a fully consistent transport model compatible with tunnel highly-doped junctions. We perform the simulation of single-mode laser structures and show the influence of doped InP layers surrounding the tunnel junctions on the characteristics of the devices. While increasing their width we analyze the reduction of current leakage but also the backward consequences on the optical characteristics. An asymmetric electron confining structure enables to obtain 230% external efficiency with a good optical confinement.
Genetic Manipulation of the Domestic Fowl—A Review (1985)

SummaryThe early attempts to alter the genetic make-up of domestic fowl are described and assessed. These included radiation of the whole or part of the bird, organ transplantation and injection of blood. The advances in manipulation of the mammal following those in molecular biology and genetic engineering are reviewed and the prospects of this type of approach to the bird considered. It is concluded that the micromanipulative techniques currently favoured for gene transfer in mammalian eggs are not so attractive in the case of the bird. It seems more likely that irradiated sperm or modified viruses acting as vectors may be more appropriate. Nevertheless, given the reproductive potential of the domesticated birds, the prospects for introducing modified breeds on a commercial scale are very encouraging.RésuméLes premiers essais pour modifier le gonôme de la poule domestique sont décrits. Ils incluent l'irradiation de tout ou partie de l'oiseau, des transplantations d'organes et des injections de sang. Les progrès dans les manipulations sur les mammifères, consécutifs à ceux de la biologie moléculaire et du génie génétique, sont passés en revue et les perspectives de ce type d'approche chez les oiseaux sont considérées. Il est conclu que les techniques de micromanipulation couramment en faveur pour le transfert de gènes dans les oeufs de mammifères ne sont pas aussi attrayantes dans le cas de l'oiseau. Il est plus vraisemblable que l'irradiation du sperme ou des virus modifiés servant de vecteurs peut être plus appropriée. Néanmoins, étant donné le potentiel reproductif des oiseaux domestiques, les perspectives d'introduction de races modifiées sur une échelle commerciale sont très encourageantes.ZusammenfassungDie frühen Versuche, den Genotyp des Haushuhns zu verändern, werden beschrieben und diskutiert. Dabei handelt es sich um Bestrahlung einzelner Körperteile oder des Tieres insgesamt, um Organtransplantationen und Injektionen von Blut. Die Fortschritte, die in der Manipulation bei Säugern als Folge von Erkenntnissen in der Molekularbiologie und Gentechnologie erzielt wurden, sind beschrieben und die Aussichten für diese Art von Ansätzen bei Hühnern werden untersucht. Es wird der Schluß gezogen, daß die gegenwärtig für den Gentransfer bevorzugten Techniken der Mikromanipulation von Eizellen der Säugetiere im Falle des Geflügels nicht besonders geeignet erscheinen. Es ist wahrscheinlicher, daß bestrahlte Spermien oder modifizierte Viren als Vektoren für diesen Zweck geeigneter sind. In Hinblick auf das Fortpflanzungspotential des Hausgeflügels, sind die Aussichten für die Erzeugung modifizierter Rassen auch auf kommerzieller Ebene durchaus günstig.
Application of zeolites in aquaculture industry: a review (2016)

Abstract Zeolites are microporous crystalline hydrated aluminosilicates, which have found various applications because of their very unique physicochemical characteristics such as ion exchange and adsorption–desorption properties. Significant progress has been made in recent years on applications of these inorganic adsorbents in different industries including agriculture, aquaculture, water and wastewater treatment, air purification and petrochemicals. This review article intends to summarize the published reports on the applications of natural, synthetic and modified zeolites in aquaculture industry. Application of zeolitic materials for water quality improvement of fish farms and fish transportation tanks by selective capturing of ammonia and toxic heavy metals and zeolite application as feed additive to enhance fish growth and promote their health and nutritional parameters are the most important discussed areas. According to the technical data that are discussed in this review, natural and synthetic zeolites should be considered as materials with tremendous potential of applications in the aquaculture industry. Considerable amounts of research works are under way to explore other opportunities for application of zeolites to benefit aquaculture industry.
Efficient shape coding algorithm for object-oriented video in MPEG-4 (2003)

A new shape coding algorithm to improve coding efficiency is proposed. The proposed vertex selection scheme can reduce the shape points of the boundary for lossless coding and the area distortion criterion provides good rate distortion trade-off for lossy coding.
Assessment of different treatments to reduce Salmonella in swine (1999)

In this study, different strategies to reduce carriage of Salmonella in pigs were evaluated. Probiotics, prebiotics, vaccination, and acidification of drinking water were assessed as means of reducing Salmonella. Following an experimental infection, a reduction of Salmonella in mesenteric lymphatic nodes was observed with the use of Flavomycin™ and vaccination by SC54™. A reduction in S. Typhimurium shedding was also observed after supplementation with FOS in drinking water. Acidification of water, use of egg-yolk specific immunoglobulins, and vaccination with Endovac™ cannot reduce Salmonella in swine.
Anatomy and neuro-pathophysiology of the cough reflex arc (2012)

Coughing is an important defensive reflex that occurs through the stimulation of a complex reflex arc. It accounts for a significant number of consultations both at the level of general practitioner and of respiratory specialists. In this review we first analyze the cough reflex under normal conditions; then we analyze the anatomy and the neuro-pathophysiology of the cough reflex arc. The aim of this review is to provide the anatomic and pathophysiologic elements of evaluation of the complex and multiple etiologies of cough.
Cancer Mortality in U.S. Counties with Petroleum Industries (1977)

A survey of cancer mortality from 1950 to 1969 was conducted in U.S. counties where the petroleum industry is most heavily concentrated. Male residents of these counties experienced significantly higher rates for cancers of the lung, the nasal cavity and sinuses, and the skin (including malignant melanoma) compared to male residents of counties with similar demographic characteristics. Further study is needed to determine whether these patterns result from exposure to chemical carcinogens, including polycyclic hydrocarbons, involved in the manufacturing of petroleum.
Inhibition of virus‐induced cell fusion by apolipoprotein A‐I and its amphipathic peptide analogs (1991)

Apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), the major protein component of serum high-density lipoproteins (HDL), was found to inhibit herpes simplex virus (HSV)-induced cell fusion at physiological (approximately 1 microM) concentrations, whereas HDL did not exert any inhibitory effect. Lipid-associating, synthetic amphipathic peptides corresponding to residues 1-33 (apoA-I[1-33]) or residues 66-120 (apoA-I[66-120]) of apoA-I, also inhibited HSV-induced cell fusion, whereas a peptide corresponding to residues 8-33 of apoA-I (apoA-I[8-33]), which fails to associate with lipids, did not exert any inhibitory effect. These results suggest that lipid binding may be a prerequisite for peptide-mediated fusion inhibition. Consistent with this idea, a series of lipid-binding 22-amino-acid-residue-long synthetic amphipathic peptides that correspond to the amphipathic helical domains of apoA-I (A-I consensus series), or 18-residue-long model amphipathic peptides (18A series), were found to exert variable levels of fusion-inhibitory activity. The extent of fusion-inhibitory activity did not correlate with hydrophobic moment, hydrophobicity of the nonpolar face, helix-forming ability, or lipid affinity of the different peptides. Peptides in which the nonpolar face was not interrupted by a charged residue displayed greater fusion-inhibitory activity. Also, the presence of positively charged residues at the polar-nonpolar interface was found to correlate with higher fusion-inhibitory activity.
Intra-articular and circulating levels of type I and III collagen markers in inflammatory and degenerative joint disease (1995)

In a chronic inflammatory disease as rheumatoid arthritis, the local processes in the affected tissues lead to destruction of the joint. When estimating the inflammatory activity in rheumatic joint diseases, a major problem is the rather unspecific and indirect character of the biochemical and the crude character of the clinical measures used.
Chromosomal-DNA amplification in Bacillus subtilis (1985)

Tetracycline-resistant (Tetr) mutants RAD1, RAD2, RAD6, and RAD7 were isolated from Bacillus subtilis BC92 after protoplasting, polyethylene glycol treatment, and regeneration on a medium containing tetracycline. The Tetr phenotype in RAD1, RAD2, and RAD6 was very stable with less than 5% loss of resistance after 30 generations of growth in the absence of selection. Of the four isolates, three contained amplified chromosomal DNA closely associated with the Tetr phenotype. The intensity of restriction fragments present in HindIII and EcoRI digests of chromosomal DNA from RAD1, RAD6, and RAD7 indicated the presence of tandemly duplicated DNA. Disparity in the size and number of amplified fragments suggested that the tandemly duplicated DNA is different in all three isolates. The sizes of the duplicated DNA present in RAD1, RAD6, and RAD7 were estimated to be 10, 19, and 20 kilobases, respectively. No amplified DNA was detected in RAD2. Results of transductional-mapping studies with PBS1 showed that the tetracycline resistance (tet) loci of RAD1, RAD2, and RAD6 all mapped near the origin of chromosomal replication and close to the guaA locus. Amplified DNA characteristic of RAD1 and RAD6 was cotransduced with the tet locus. Cotransfer of amplified DNA with the guaA locus or other nearby loci in the absence of tet was not observed. In every case, loss of Tetr was accompanied by loss of amplified DNA. A possible explanation for the occurrence of the amplified DNA is presented.
A Proxy Agent for Small Network-Enabled Devices (2008)

Network-enabled devices use standard Internet TCP/IP protocols and security protocols to communicate with other network nodes. They can provide services and access resources over the Internet. Small network-enabled devices may not have hardware for direct network connections. In this case, they connect to the Internet via host computers, which provide routing, remote access, and network address translation (NAT). However, organizations' security policies often prevent users from enabling these services. This paper presents a proxy agent to support network-enabled devices while respecting the security policies. The proxy agent uses the web proxy tunneling with added security features. Although proxy tunneling is well defined for web proxy servers, we must resolve several security and deployment related issues in order to adopt it securely for network-enabled devices. The paper describes the application of proxy tunneling and security methods built around this service to solve the routing related problems.
Calculation of multi-port parameters of electronic packages using a general purpose electromagnetics code (2002)

A powerful code developed by the authors to solve radiation and scattering problems from arbitrary 3D dielectric-conductor structures is modified to provide the terminal characteristics of arbitrary package structures. By incorporating a general de-embedding procedure to eliminate end effects, Y- and S-parameters can be obtained for 3D transmission-line structures; other parameters such as the C and L matrices can also be obtained. Results for microstrip twin-tee and mesh-plane structures are presented and compared with results already in the literature.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fermentation, formulation and evaluation of PGPR Bacillus subtilis isolate as a bioagent for reducing occurrence of peanut soil-borne diseases (2019)

Four isolates of Bacillus subtilis coded, B4, B7, B8 and B10 were examined as biocontrol agents for their abilities and antagonistic effect on the in vitro growth of certain phytopathogenic fungi of peanut, Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii. Bacillus subtilis isolate B4 (GenBank accession no. EF150884) was the highly effective one for inhibiting the fungal mycelial growth. Batch fermentation of B. subtilis isolate B4 was carried out and the maximum biomass achieved was 4.53 g L−1 at 11 h. Bacillus subtilis isolate B4 was formulated and evaluated as a biofungicide to reduce peanut soil-borne diseases under greenhouse and field conditions at the side of Rizolex-T (fungicide) as standard. Treatments by formulated plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) B. subtilis B4 and Rizolex-T in a soil infested with R. solani, S. rolfsii and mixture of them were more effective in decreasing percentage of damping-off, root and pod rot disease incidence (%) in greenhouse and open field environment during the two seasons 2015 and 2016. Treatments by PGPR gave highly dry weight and number of healthy pods compared to control of fungi treatment which was nearby to dry weights of healthy pods achieved by treatments by Rizolex-T in a soil infested with S. rolfsii, R. solani and mixture of them. Formulated PGPR B. subtilis B4 gave higher increasing of yield percentage than treatment by Rizolex-T in the two evaluated seasons 2015 and 2016. It can conclude that the produced bioforumlated agent was more efficient as fungicide when compared with the other chemical synthesized fungicides, safe for human and the environment and economy.
Simple memory machine models for GPUs (2012)

The main contribution of this paper is to introduce two parallel memory machines, the discrete memory machine (DMM) and the unified memory machine (UMM). Unlike well-studied theoretical parallel computational models such as parallel random access machines, these parallel memory machines are practical and capture the essential feature of the memory access by graphical processing units (GPUs). As a first step of the development of algorithmic techniques on the DMM and the UMM, we first evaluate the computing time for the contiguous access and the stride access to the memory on these models. We then present parallel algorithms to transpose a 2D array on these models and evaluate their performance. Finally, we show that, for any permutation given in offline, data in an array can be moved efficiently along the given permutation both on the DMM and on the UMM. Since the computing time of our permutation algorithms on the DMM and the UMM is equal to the sum of the lower bounds obtained from the memory bandwidth limitation and the latency limitation, they are optimal from the theoretical point of view. We believe that the DMM and the UMM can be good theoretical platforms to develop algorithmic techniques for GPUs.
Hardware Designer's Guide to Fault Attacks (2013)

Hardware designers invest a significant design effort when implementing computationally intensive cryptographic algorithms onto constrained embedded devices to match the computational demands of the algorithms with the stringent area, power, and energy budgets of the platforms. When it comes to designs that are employed in potential hostile environments, another challenge arises-the design has to be resistant against attacks based on the physical properties of the implementation, the so-called implementation attacks. This creates an extra design concern for a hardware designer. This paper gives an insight into the field of fault attacks and countermeasures to help the designer to protect the design against this type of implementation attacks. We analyze fault attacks from different aspects and expose the mechanisms they employ to reveal a secret parameter of a device. In addition, we classify the existing countermeasures and discuss their effectiveness and efficiency. The result of this paper is a guide for selecting a set of countermeasures, which provides a sufficient security level to meet the constraints of the embedded devices.