gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CHEMICAL PLAN LIMPS TO ITS NEXT PHASE (2008)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTCHEMICAL PLAN LIMPS TO ITS NEXT PHASEProblems with preregistration required by THE EU'S REACH foreshadow what's in store for registrationPATRICIA L. SHORTView Author Information C&EN LONDONCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2008, 86, 49, 20–22Publication Date (Print):December 8, 2008Publication History Published online14 November 2010Published inissue 8 December 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v086n049.p020https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v086n049.p020newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views11Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Grid Converters for Photovoltaic and Wind Power Systems (2010)

Grid converters are the key player in renewable energy integration. The high penetration of renewable energy systems is calling for new more stringent grid requirements. As a consequence, the grid converters should be able to exhibit advanced functions like: dynamic control of active and reactive power, operation within a wide range of voltage and frequency, voltage ride-through capability, reactive current injection during faults, grid services support. <br/>This book explains the topologies, modulation and control of grid converters for both photovoltaic and wind power applications. In addition to power electronics, this book focuses on the specific applications in photovoltaic wind power systems where grid condition is an essential factor. <br/> <br/>With a review of the most recent grid requirements for photovoltaic and wind power systems, the book discusses these other relevant issues: <br/> <br/>Modern grid inverter topologies for photovoltaic and wind turbines <br/> <br/>Islanding detection methods for photovoltaic systems <br/> <br/>Synchronization techniques based on second order generalized integrators (SOGI) <br/> <br/>Advanced synchronization techniques with robust operation under grid unbalance condition grid filter design and active damping techniques <br/> <br/>Power control under grid fault conditions, considering both positive and negative sequences <br/> <br/>Grid Converters for Photovoltaic and Wind Power Systems is intended as a coursebook for graduated students with a background in electrical engineering and also for professionals in the evolving renewable energy industry. <br/>
Cascaded Photoinduced Drug Delivery to Cells from Multifunctional Core–Shell Mesoporous Silica (2012)

Different bioactive molecules are released into living cells from lipid-covered mesoporous silica nanoparticles. The release is triggered by light, as the particles feature covalently attached photosensitizers as membrane-opening agents. It is demonstrated that the particles achieve endosomal escape and that they release their cargo into the cytosol.
Recent Progress of Rechargeable Batteries Using Mild Aqueous Electrolytes (2018)

Abstract Given the low cost, ease of fabrication, high safety, and environmental‐friendly characteristics, aqueous rechargeable batteries using mild aqueous solutions as electrolytes (pH is close to 7) and a monovalent/multivalent metal ion as charge carrier, are attracting extensive attention for energy storage. However, accompanied by advantages of mild aqueous electrolyte mentioned above, there are some challenges that stand in the way of the development of these aqueous rechargeable batteries, such as the narrow stable electrochemical window of water, instability of electrode materials, undesired side reactions, etc. In recent years, a massive effort is devoted to overcoming the drawbacks, and some encouraging works have arisen. In this review, the latest advances of electrolyte and electrode materials in aqueous batteries based on monovalent ion (Li + , Na + , K + ) and multivalent ion (Zn 2+ , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Al 3+ ) are briefly reviewed.
Geroderma osteodysplasticum hereditaria and wrinkly skin syndrome in 22 patients from Oman (2008)

Excessive skin wrinkling and cutis laxa are seen in many genetic conditions and overlapping features can make a clinical diagnosis difficult. Here we report on 22 Omani patients from 11 consanguineous families with the diagnosis of wrinkly skin syndrome (WSS, OMIM 278250) or geroderma osteodysplasticum hereditaria (GO, OMIM 231070). The WSS phenotype evolves during early childhood and includes a generalized and excessive skin wrinkling, dental problems, herniae, foot deformities, hip dislocations, growth retardation, and a large anterior fontanelle. The facial gestalt is characterized by a broad nasal bridge, hypertelorism, and downslanting palpebral fissures. We were unable to differentiate between WSS and cutis laxa with growth and developmental delay (CLGDD, OMIM 219200) suggesting that both can be considered as one entity. Distinct hallmarks of GO were skin wrinkling limited to the dorsum of hands and feet and to the abdomen, normal fontanelles, maxillary hypoplasia, bowed long bones, and osteopenia with frequent fractures. In contrast to the attenuation of the skin phenotype with age in WSS, adult patients with GO appeared prematurely aged. A serum sialotransferrin type 2 pattern was found in all four WSS patients tested. Apolipoprotein CIII (a marker for O-glycosylation) was normal suggesting that WSS is frequently associated with a N-protein glycosylation defect, probably at the level of processing (CDG-II). All four investigated GO patients showed normal sialotransferrin patterns. The known loci for cutis laxa and WSS on 2q31, 5q23-q31, 7q11, 11q13, and 14q32 were excluded. We suggest that WSS and GO are distinct entities with overlapping features.
The optimization of zero-spaced microlenses for 2.2um pixel CMOS image sensor (2007)

In CMOS image sensor, microlens arrays are generally used as light propagation carrier onto photo diode to increase collection efficiency and reduce optical cross-talk. Today, the scaling trend of CMOS technology drives reduction of the pixel size for higher integration density and resolution improvement. Microlenses are typically formed by photo resist patterning and thermal reflowing, and the space between photo resist is necessary to avoid merging of microlenses during thermal reflow process. With the shrinking sizes, microlenses become more and more difficult to manufacture without their merging. Hence, the key of light loss free microlens fabrication is still zero-space between microlenses. In this paper, we report the selection of the optimum shape of microlens by the dead space and the curvature of radius. The improvements of critical dimension and thickness uniformities of microlens are also reported.
Theory of mind in frontotemporal dementia (2006)

Patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) exhibit marked changes in social and emotional functioning including lack of empathy, disinhibition, altered emotional reactivity, apathy and lack of insight. These changes are believed to be dependent on progressive frontal and temporal lobe degeneration. In this review, we discuss the nature of defective theory of mind and empathy in this group and relate it to regional dysfunction in the orbitofrontal and medial prefrontal cortex, based on evidence from several recent studies. The role of executive ability and co-existing emotional deficits are also considered.
Radiation influence on indoor air temperature sensors: Experimental evaluation of measurement errors and improvement methods (2020)

Radiation influence on commonly used temperature sensors for measuring indoor air temperatures can be significant, especially at the typically low air velocities occurring indoors. Conceptually, a physical sensor may not read the true air temperature, it only reads its own temperature, and, being a solid body, it will exchange energy with the surrounding surfaces (walls, windows etc.) through radiation. In the present study, radiation influence on indoor air temperature measurements was investigated experimentally and errors were quantified in simple terms. Measures to reduce the impact on some common temperature sensors were explored. A special test rig was built to simulate typical airflow and radiation environments indoors. It is suggested that the radiation impact on a temperature sensor is quantified by a radiation sensitivity factor defined as RSF = hrad/hconv, where hrad and hconv are heat transfer coefficients for radiation and convection, respectively. As this definition infers, the radiation sensitivity is dependent on size, geometry and emissivity of the temperature sensor. The radiation sensitivity factor, thus being unique for each type of sensor, was measured for some common types of thermistors and thermocouples. It is demonstrated that radiation errors may be reduced by 60 – 80 % on thermistors by reducing their emissivity through gold sputtering, and on thermocouples by stripping the insulation at the outermost part of their sensor leads.
Exploring Parametric and Mechanistic Differences between Expi293FTM and ExpiCHO-STM Cells for Transient Antibody Production Optimization (2023)

Rapidly producing drug-like antibody therapeutics for lead molecule discovery and candidate optimization is typically accomplished by large-scale transient gene expression technologies (TGE) with cultivated mammalian cells. The TGE methodologies have been extensively developed over the past three decades, yet produce significantly lower yields than the stable cell line approach, facing the technical challenge of achieving universal high expression titers for a broad range of antibodies and therapeutics modalities. In this study, we explored various parameters for antibody production in the TGE cell host Expi293F<sup>TM</sup> and ExpiCHO-S<sup>TM</sup> with the transfection reagents ExpiFectamine<sup>TM</sup> and polyethylenimine. We discovered that there are significant differences between Expi293F<sup>TM</sup> and ExpiCHO-S<sup>TM</sup> cells with regards to DNA complex formation time and ratio, complex formation buffers, DNA complex uptake trafficking routes, responses to dimethyl sulfoxide and cell cycle inhibitors, as well as light-chain isotype expression preferences. This investigation mechanistically dissected the TGE processes and provided a new direction for future transient antibody production optimization.
Investigation of the Extraction of Tellurium Complexes with Basic Dye Reagents (2003)

Comparison of some organic solvents as extractants of the tellurium complexes with basic dyes has been carried out spectrophotometrically. Absorbance of the coloured extracts of the tellurium ion associates depends on the nature of the extractant. Individual extractants and the mixture of various organic solvents have been tested. The best results were reached by using individual organic solvents as extractants. The rules for the correct choice of organic solvent have been formulated.
Development of a corticosteroid incorporated in lipid microspheres (liposteroid). (1985)

Anti-inflammatory properties of liposteroid, a lipid emulsion containing dexamethasone palmitate in the particles, were investigated in comparison with those of water-soluble dexamethasone phosphate. In the acute inflammatory model of carrageenin oedema in rats, liposteroid was as effective as dexamethasone phosphate, whereas liposteroid was twice as effective on formalin granuloma, 3.3 times on adjuvant arthritis and 5.3 times on carrageenin granuloma in rats. Distribution of dexamethasone to the inflammatory lesion in rats with adjuvant arthritis was markedly higher in the liposteroid group than in the dexamethasone phosphate group: 1.5 times higher in 2-6 hours and approximately twice in 24 h. The uptake rate of steroid by rat peritoneal macrophages was greater with liposteroid than with dexamethasone phosphate. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of liposteroid on Fc receptor dependent phagocytosis activity, superoxide anion release and chemotaxis of the macrophages were more potent than those of dexamethasone phosphate. Dexamethasone palmitate itself had very weak activity compared with dexamethasone in the blanching phenomena test in volunteers and dexamethasone palmitate in liposteroid was hydrolysed to dexamethasone in human monocytes. This study suggests that corticosteroids incorporated in lipid emulsions are taken up by the macrophages to a much greater extent than free corticosteroids and strongly suppress macrophage functions, resulting in stronger anti-inflammatory activity.
RETRACTED: Optimized Icariin Phytosomes Exhibit Enhanced Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis-Inducing Activities in Ovarian Cancer Cells (2020)

Icariin (ICA) is a flavonol glycoside that has pleiotropic pharmacological actions. It has cytotoxic effects against ovarian cancer cells and increases their chemosensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs. Phytosomes are identified for their potential in drug delivery of cytotoxic agents. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the potential enhancement of ICA cytotoxicity activity in OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cells via its formulation in phytosomes. ICA-phytosomal formulation was optimized using a Box-Behnken design. Particle size, shape, and in vitro drug release were used to characterize the optimized formula. The optimized formulation exhibited enhanced in vitro drug release. ICA-phytosomes exhibited enhanced cytotoxicity against ovarian cancer cells. Cell cycle analysis indicated accumulation of cells challenged with ICA-phytosomes in G2/M and pre-G1 phases. Staining of cells with annexin V indicated significant elevation of percentage cells with early and late apoptosis as well as total cell death. In addition, the formulation significantly disturbed mitochondrial membrane potential and cellular content of caspase 3. In addition, intracellular release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was enhanced by ICA-phytosomes. In conclusion, phytosome formulation of ICA significantly potentiates its cytotoxic activities against OVCAR-3 cells. This is mediated, at least partly, by enhanced ICA cellular permeation, apoptosis, and ROS.
Stability Analysis and Geometric Calibration of Off-the-Shelf Digital Cameras (2005)

Recent developments of digital cameras in terms of the size of a Charged Coupled Device (CCD) and Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) arrays, as well as reduced costs, are leading to their applications in traditional and new photogrammetric, surveying, and mapping functions. Such cameras require careful calibration to determine their metric characteristics, as defined by the Interior Orientation Parameters (IOP), which are essential for any photogrammetric activity. Moreover, the stability of the estimated IOP of these cameras over short and long time periods has to be analyzed and quantified. This paper outlines the incorporation of straight lines in a bundle adjustment procedure for calibrating off-the-shelf/low-cost digital cameras. A framework for automatic extraction of the straight lines in the images is also presented and tested. In addition, the research introduces new approaches for testing the camera stability, where the degree of similarity between reconstructed bundles using two sets of IOP is quantitatively evaluated. Experimental results with real data proved the feasibility of the line-based selfcalibration approach. Analysis of the estimated IOP from various calibration sessions over long time periods revealed the stability of the implemented camera.
Two-Year Follow-Up of Macaques Developing Intermittent Control of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Homolog Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVmac251 in the Chronic Phase of Infection (2015)

The HIV reservoir in CD4+ T cells represents one main obstacle to HIV eradication. Recent studies, however, show that a drastic reduction of this reservoir is insufficient for inducing a functional cure of AIDS. In the present work, we thoroughly studied and subjected to long-term follow-up two macaques showing intermittent control of the virus following suspension of antiretroviral therapy plus an experimental antireservoir treatment, i.e., the gold salt auranofin and the investigational chemotherapeutic agent buthionione sulfoximine (BSO). We found that these drugs were able to decrease the number of activated CD4+ T cells, which are preferential targets for HIV infection. Then, efficient immune responses against the virus were developed in the macaques, which remained healthy during 2 years of follow-up. This result may furnish another building block for future attempts to cure HIV/AIDS.
APSA 1973 Annual Business Meeting Minutes (1974)

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Point source diffraction and its use in an encoder (1988)

Diffraction from a point light source (a laser diode) was studied. The diffraction images were found to be magnified without using a lens and to move corresponding to the displacement of the slit aperture. A digital encoder using this diffraction is proposed to obtain very high resolution without a lens.
Plasmonic Au-Loaded Hierarchical Hollow Porous TiO<sub>2</sub> Spheres: Synergistic Catalysts for Nitroaromatic Reduction (2018)

Plasmonic Au nanoparticle (NP)-loaded hierarchical hollow porous TiO<sub>2</sub> spheres are designed and synthesized with the purpose of enhancing the overall catalytic activity by introducing the Au plasmonic effect into the system, where Au NPs themselves are catalytically active. The constructed nanohybrid exhibits both high activity in 4-nitrophenol reduction, compared to all of the previously reported Au-based catalysts, and high selectivity. The synergy of the inherent catalytic property of Au NPs and the plasmonic effect (mainly via hot electron transfer) under irradiation is confirmed by a series of control experiments. The specifically designed, porous hollow structure also greatly contributes to the good catalytic activity because it provides a large surface area, facilitates reactant adsorption, and hinders charge recombination. In addition, theoretical calculations reveal that such a structure also leads to an increase in light absorption of about 21% in the range of 400-800 nm with respect to a uniform water-TiO<sub>2</sub> background featuring the same filling factor. This work provides insight into the rational design of plasmon-enhanced catalysts that will show their versatility in various electro-/photocatalysis.
Face-to-Parameter Translation for Game Character Auto-Creation (2019)

Character customization system is an important component in Role-Playing Games (RPGs), where players are allowed to edit the facial appearance of their in-game characters with their own preferences rather than using default templates. This paper proposes a method for automatically creating in-game characters of players according to an input face photo. We formulate the above "artistic creation" process under a facial similarity measurement and parameter searching paradigm by solving an optimization problem over a large set of physically meaningful facial parameters. To effectively minimize the distance between the created face and the real one, two loss functions, i.e. a "discriminative loss" and a "facial content loss", are specifically designed. As the rendering process of a game engine is not differentiable, a generative network is further introduced as an "imitator" to imitate the physical behavior of the game engine so that the proposed method can be implemented under a neural style transfer framework and the parameters can be optimized by gradient descent. Experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves a high degree of generation similarity between the input face photo and the created in-game character in terms of both global appearance and local details. Our method has been deployed in a new game last year and has now been used by players over 1 million times.
Concurrent Visualization of Acoustic Radiation Force Displacement and Shear Wave Propagation with 7T MRI (2015)

Manual palpation is a common and very informative diagnostic tool based on estimation of changes in the stiffness of tissues that result from pathology. In the case of a small lesion or a lesion that is located deep within the body, it is difficult for changes in mechanical properties of tissue to be detected or evaluated via palpation. Furthermore, palpation is non-quantitative and cannot be used to localize the lesion. Magnetic Resonance-guided Focused Ultrasound (MRgFUS) can also be used to evaluate the properties of biological tissues non-invasively. In this study, an MRgFUS system combines high field (7T) MR and 3 MHz focused ultrasound to provide high resolution MR imaging and a small ultrasonic interrogation region (~0.5 x 0.5 x 2 mm), as compared with current clinical systems. MR-Acoustic Radiation Force Imaging (MR-ARFI) provides a reliable and efficient method for beam localization by detecting micron-scale displacements induced by ultrasound mechanical forces. The first aim of this study is to develop a sequence that can concurrently quantify acoustic radiation force displacements and image the resulting transient shear wave. Our motivation in combining these two measurements is to develop a technique that can rapidly provide both ARFI and shear wave velocity estimation data, making it suitable for use in interventional radiology. Secondly, we validate this sequence in vivo by estimating the displacement before and after high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation, and we validate the shear wave velocity in vitro using tissue-mimicking gelatin and tofu phantoms. Such rapid acquisitions are especially useful in interventional radiology applications where minimizing scan time is highly desirable.
Polishable and robust biological electrode surfaces (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolishable and robust biological electrode surfacesJoseph. Wang and Kurian. VarugheseCite this: Anal. Chem. 1990, 62, 3, 318–320Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00202a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00202a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views124Altmetric-Citations85LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts