gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Marine Controlled-Source Electromagnetics and the Assessment of Seafloor Gas Hydrate (2010)

Marine controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) methods have become an important and valuable tool in the detection of offshore hydrocarbon targets. The formation resistivity of a sediment layer depends on conductive fluids in interconnected pore spaces. Hydrocarbons increase the formation resistivity of a sediment layer if they form in sufficient quantity to block the pores. CSEM has been used for gas-hydrate evaluation for more than a decade. The common published work contains descriptions of theory, apparatus, data analysis, inverse methods, and interpretation. Here, the fundamentals of time-domain electromagnetics are explained using classical dimensional analysis and are illustrated with a simple approach using data from the northern Cascadia margin, to the west of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, where gas hydrates have been extensively studied. Analyses of CSEM data collected from 1996 to 2005 demonstrated the strong correlation between CSEM resistivities, other geophysical imaging data, and subseafloor hydrocarbons. The analysis is consistent with other intensive studies, including a full gamut of seismic and other geophysical experiments, as well as ground truth from direct sampling and the analyses of cores and logs collected by the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP Leg 146) and its successor, the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP Expedition 311).
Effect of anionic surfactant on the reaction of 2,2(1)-dithiobispyridine with bovine oxyhemoglobin as a function of temperature. (1996)

The reaction of bovine oxyhemoglobin with 2,2(1)-dithiobispyridine in the absence and presence of sodium n-dodecyl sulphate has been studied as a function of pH and temperature. The quantitative analysis of the pH dependence of the apparent second order rate constants shows that two ionizable groups are linked to the reaction in the native form. These are His HC3 (146) beta and Cys F9 (93) beta. Their pKa values are 6.5 and 8.5. In the denatured form, only one ionizable group is the modulating factor. This group is Cys F9 (93) beta. Its pKa is 8.35. The activation parameters for the reaction of the denatured form of bovine oxyhemoglobin with 2,2(1)-dithiobispyridine are lower than those of the native form. The reason is that the sulphydryl group is more exposed in the denatured form that in the native form. In addition, there is an increase in the rupturing of salt bridges and hydrogen bonds between the CO and NH peptide backbone. There is also a decrease in van der Waals interactions in the denatured form compared to the native form.
Some Fundamental Aspects of the Chemistry of Sucrose (1977)

During the past six years, the objectives of our research have been to develop new applications of sucrose, by studying the fundamental chemistry of sucrose and its derivatives. The value of cyclic acetal groups is well recognised for the protection of hydroxyl functions in carbohydrate chemistry. The first synthesis of 14 a cyclic acetal derivative of sucrose, 4,6-0-benzylidene sucrose, was achieved in this laboratory in 1974. Since then progress in this field has been rapid and various cyclic acetals of sucrose and its derivatives have been prepared. Sucrose on treatment with 2,2-dimethoxypropane-N, N-dimethylformamide-toluene-p-sulfonic acid (reagent A) gave 4,6-0-isopropylidene (55%) and 1′,2:4,6-di-0-isopropylidene derivative (15%). When 6,6′-dichloro-6, 6′-dideoxysucrose was treated with reagent A, the corresponding mono-(1′,2-) and di-(1′,2:3,4-) acetals were 15 isolated in yields of 40% and 37%, respectively. On the basis of these results, it has been concluded that the order of preference for the formation of acetal linkage in the sucrose skeleton is 4,6>1′,2>2,3>3,4. These cyclic acetals of sucrose and their derivatives allow selective reactions with previously inaccessible hydroxyl groups, in particular C-2, C-3, C-3′, and C-4′. Some of these selective reactions also will be discussed.
Preparation of Vinyl Polymer/Inorganic Composite Nanoparticles (2001)

The synthesis of vinyl polymer/inorganic composite nanoparticles was investigated.It was verified that inorganic particles could stably disperse in vinyl monomers such as st,MMA etc.when functionalized by silane coupling agent,treated by ultrasonic and dispersed in suitable emulsion system,and such polymer/inorganic composite spheric nanoparticles could be prepared by emulsion polymerization.The synthesized composite nanoparticles were white powder and had a core shell structure with vinyl polymer as the shell and inorganic nanoparticle as the core.The average size of composite nanoparticles depended on the size of the original particles and the polymerization conditions.The morphology of the composite nanoparticles was observed by TEM and the graft of polymer onto the surface of inorganic particles was confirmed by FT IR and Soxhlet extraction.
Safety and Tolerability of Bintrafusp Alfa, a Bifunctional Fusion Protein Targeting TGFβ and PD-L1, in Asian Patients with Pretreated Recurrent or Refractory Gastric Cancer (2020)

In this first evaluation in Asian patients with heavily pretreated advanced GC/GEJC, bintrafusp alfa demonstrated a manageable safety profile and clinical activity.
Measuring health inequalities in New South Wales (2001)

This paper presents information on some key indicators of inequality in health in NSW related to demographic, socioeconomic and geographic factors. Its purposes are to highlight some of the more striking health inequalities, and to describe some of the challenges in improving their measurement.
Isolation of Human Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells by Immunomagnetic Sorting (2001)

Embryonal carcinoma cells are pluripotent stem cells derived from germ cell tumors and can be used to study cell differentiation in vitro. This report describes an approach designed to isolate pluripotent stem cells from primary/parent stock cultures of explanted tumor material. Cells expressing the pluripotent stem cell marker, SSEA-3, were isolated from heterogeneous stock cultures of the human teratoma line, TERA2, using immunomagnetic isolation. Single cell selection was performed on isolated SSEA-3+ cells and clonal lines were established. Each line was ultimately grown as a homogeneous monolayer, independent of feeder cells and expressed high levels of markers for pluripotent stem cells. In response to retinoic acid, clone TERA2.cl.SP-12 cells displayed enhanced neural differentiation compared to previously isolated TERA2 sublines and formed both neurons and glia. Deriving human pluripotent stem cell lines that differentiate into a range of cell types will provide useful tools to understand the molecular mechanisms controlling cell differentiation in a manner pertinent to human embryonic development.
Multi-agent systems for grid energy management: A short review (2010)

The electric grid is currently undergoing important changes: it is evolving from an entirely centralized structure to a decentralized one, mainly due to the massive development of distributed renewable energy sources. This evolution toward what we now call the smart grid requires new control methods. These methods must be able to withstand new requirements, such as the highly distributed nature of the grid, the ability to run in islanding mode, the intermittency of renewable energy sources and the limited bandwidth for communications. Multi-agent systems (MAS) have characteristics that meet these requirements. In contrary to classical analytical methods, the grid is considered as a collection of simple entities called agents corresponding to sources, loads and other components, evolving in a given environment. A certain degree of distributed or collective intelligence can be achieved through the interaction of these agents with each other, cooperating or competing to reach their goals. This article is a short review of several multi-agent systems published in the literature and used for grid energy management. It presents a number of concepts and experiments used by researchers to apply this promising method. Various approaches and their results are compared, in order to give the reader a global perspective of the state of the art in this precise domain.
FRIDA TE INVITA A SU CASA, MUESTRA INTERACTIVA PARA NIÑOS (2007)

EN EL XXIII FESTIVAL DE MEXICO EN EL CENTRO HISTORICO TAMBIEN HAY ACTIVIDADES PARA INFANTES. TE INVITA A SU ES UNA EXPOSICION INTERACTIVA CON TITERES, PINTURAS Y OBJETOS, A MANERA DE PEQUENOS ESCENARIOS, Y ESPACIOS QUE ILUSTRAN ASPECTOS DE LA VIDA COTIDIANA DE LA PINTORA, SUS PASIONES Y EL EPISODIO DE SU MUERTE. A PARTIR DEL S BADO 31 DE ESTE MES, EN LA BIBLIOTECA MEXICO (EN LA PLAZA DE LA CIUDADELA 4, COLONIA CENTRO), LOS VISITANTES ENCONTRAR N UN MUSEO, CASA Y ESTUDIO DONDE DIEGO RIVERA Y FRIDA KAHLO COMPARTIERON LA VIDA. MEDIANTE OBJETOS QUE FUNCIONAR N COMO PISTAS QUE ESTIMULEN LA CURIOSIDAD, SE PRETENDE QUE LOS NINOS SE HAGAN LAS SIGUIENTES PREGUNTAS Y LAS RESPONDAN: ¨COMO VIVIA LA ARTISTA? ¨COMO ERA SU VIDA COTIDIANA? ¨COMO SE SENTIA AL PINTAR? ¨QUE COLECCIONABA Y POR QUE SU INTERES POR COLECCIONAR ARTE POPULAR? ¨QUE SIGNIFICABA SU DIARIO? ESTA MUESTRA FOMENTA EN LOS PEQUENOS LA APRECIACION ESTETICA AL CONJUGAR LA VIDA INTIMA Y ARTISTICA DE UNA DE LAS PINTORAS M S POLIFACETICAS DEL SIGLO XX, ADEM S DE SENSIBILIZARLOS SOBRE VALORES COMO LA VIDA, LIBERTAD, LIMITACIONES FISICAS, GOZO, DOLOR Y BUSQUEDA. EN UNA SECCION SE RECREAR  LA COCINA DE LA PINTORA, QUIEN TENIA UN GRAN GUSTO POR LA GASTRONOMIA MEXICANA, Y EN LA QUE SE APRECIAR N LOS COMENSALES QUE ACOSTUMBRO INVITAR: DIEGO RIVERA (SU AMOR, MOTIVO Y OBSESION), JUAN O'GORMAN (POR SU AMISTAD, COMPLICIDAD Y ADMIRACION SECRETA QUE DESPERTABA SU IMPACIENTE PERSONALIDAD), LEON TROTSKY (COMO LIDER MORAL DE SUS PREOCUPACIONES POLITICAS Y SIMBOLO DE SU LUCHA COMUNISTA) Y ANDRE BRETON (SINONIMO DE LAS BUSQUEDAS INTERNAS, DE SU PASION POR LA PINTURA Y REFLEJO DE SU RICO ESPIRITU INTERNO), EXPLICO MAGDALENA ZAVALA, DIRECTORA DEL MUSEO CASA ESTUDIO DIEGO RIVERA Y FRIDA KAHLO. OTRA SECCION IMPORTANTE PARA LOS INFANTES SER  EL  REA DONDE PODR N PERSONIFICARSE COMO FRIDA Y DIEGO. ADEM S DEL MUSEO UNIVERSITARIO DEL CHOPO, PREPARARON ESTA MUESTRA EL FESTIVAL DEL CENTRO HISTORICO, LA BIBLIOTECA MEXICO Y LA CASA ESTUDIO DIEGO RIVERA Y FRIDA KAHLO. SE EXHIBIR  AL PUBLICO HASTA EL 3 DE JUNIO. LOS HORARIOS DE VISITA SER N DE LUNES A DOMINGO, DE 9 A 19 HORAS. INFORMES EN EL NUMERO TELEFONICO 9172-4712. LA ENTRADA ES LIBRE.
Experience and lessons learnt from running high availability databases on network attached storage (2008)

The Database and Engineering Services Group of CERN's Information Technology Department supplies the Oracle Central Database services used in many activities at CERN. In order to provide High Availability and ease management for those services, a NAS (Network Attached Storage) based infrastructure has been setup. It runs several instances of the Oracle RAC (Real Application Cluster) using NFS (Network File System) as shared disk space for RAC purposes and Data hosting. It is composed of two private LANs (Local Area Network), one to provide access to the NAS filers and a second to implement the Oracle RAC private interconnect, both using Network Bonding. NAS filers are configured in partnership to prevent having single points of failure and to provide automatic NAS filer fail-over.
Organic Builders. IX. (1979)

The detergency building action with sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate (LAS) and the physico-chemical properties of the aqueous solutions of binary systems consisting of sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) and ether polycarboxylate type organic builders were studied, and their combined properties were discussed. The detergency were tested on naturally soiled cotton patches and the detergency powers were evaluated by Scheffe's method in a detergent system formulating LAS. Measurements were made on calcium ion sequestration capacities and dispersing capacities for manganese dioxide in the aqueous binary builder solution. From the results summarized in Fig.-1Fig.-5, it is evident that the binary components of STPP with tested organic builders except TMETA show the synergistic property in the MnO2 dispersion power, but don't show both in Ca chelating and detergency building properties. The mixture of STPP and TMETA is as much effective as STPP in detergency building action and MnO2 dispersing power at any ratios, althouth the chelating power of mixture increased in proportion to the amount of STPP.
Simulation of a Low-Voltage Organic Transistor Compatible With Printing Methods (2008)

The use of printing methods to deposit organic semiconductors promises to enable low-cost electronics. However, printing processes deposit thick and amorphous semiconductor layers that result in poorly performing organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) that generally are not appropriate for incorporation into commercially viable circuits. Another undesirable property of OFETs is their high operating voltage (~40 V). Organic metal-semiconductor FETs (OMESFETs) are proposed as alternatives to OFETs for use with printing methods. OMESFETs operate at low voltages (~5 V) and are expected to show better on/off current ratios than OFETs in a thick-film semiconductor. Simulations of OFETs and OMESFETs are performed assuming regioregular poly (3-hexylthiophene) (rr-P3HT) as the amorphous semiconductor layer with localized states close to the band edge. The results of the simulations show a current ratio of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> in the OMESFET and of 700 in the OFET for a 400-nm-thick semiconductor layer. Because the OMESFET operates in the depletion mode, versus the accumulation mode in the OFET, the calculated mobility in the OMESFET is two orders of magnitude smaller than that in the OFET. Simulations suggest that the OMESFET design offers performance advantages over printable OFETs, where low-voltage operation is demanded.
Using fast sequential asymmetric fanbeam transmission CT for attenuation correction of cardiac SPECT imaging. (1998)

A sequential imaging protocol for acquiring a fast TCT can be used for attenuation correction of cardiac SPECT imaging. The sequential TCT can be acquired without significantly extending the duration of the imaging study. This method provides a way to perform attenuation correction on existing triple-head SPECT systems without extensively modifying the system.
Principles and applications of SQUIDs (1989)

An overview of the current status of DC and RF SQUIDs (superconducting quantum interference devices) is presented. Using Nb-based thin-film technology, a number of groups can now routinely fabricate DC SQUIDS with input circuits integrated on the same chip. At 4.2 K, the DC SQUID, which operates with a constant bias current, can detect signals with an equivalent energy per unit bandwidth of a few hundred h2 pi . RF SQUIDs, which operate with an RF flux bias, are usually machined from bulk Nb, and have a typical energy sensitivity per unit bandwidth of 10/sup 5/ to 10/sup 6/h2 pi . Both types of SQUID can be used in a wide variety of applications, including magnetometers, gradiometers, susceptometers, voltmeters, RF amplifiers, gravity-wave antennas, and gravity gradiometers. Both DC and RF SQUIDs have been fabricated from high-temperature superconductors and operated at temperatures of up to 77 K. These devices exhibit high levels of 1/f noise, which generally arises from the motion of trapped magnetic flux.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A device mismatch compensation method for VLSI neural networks (2010)

Device mismatch in neuromorphic VLSI implementations of spiking neural networks can be a serious and limiting problem. Classical engineering solutions can reduce the effect of mismatch, but require increasing layout sizes or using additional precious silicon real-estate. Here we propose a complementary strategy which exploits the Address-Event Representation used in neuromorphic systems and does not affect the device layout. We propose a method that selectively changes the connectivity profile in the neural network to normalize its response. We provide a theoretical analysis of the approach proposed and demonstrate its effectiveness with experimental data obtained from a VLSI Soft Winner-Take-All network.
Nicotinamide Mononucleotide, an NAD+ Precursor, Rescues Age-Associated Susceptibility to AKI in a Sirtuin 1–Dependent Manner (2017)

The rapid growth of an aging population creates challenges regarding age-related diseases, including AKI, for which both the prevalence and death rate increase with age. The molecular mechanism by which the aged kidney becomes more susceptible to acute injury has not been completely elucidated. In this study, we found that, compared with the kidneys of 3-month-old mice, the kidneys of 20-month-old mice expressed reduced levels of the renal protective molecule sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and its cofactor NAD<sup>+</sup> Supplementation with nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), an NAD<sup>+</sup> precursor, restored renal SIRT1 activity and NAD<sup>+</sup> content in 20-month-old mice and further increased both in 3-month-old mice. Moreover, supplementation with NMN significantly protected mice in both age groups from cisplatin-induced AKI. SIRT1 deficiency blunted the protective effect of NMN, and microarray data revealed that c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling activation associated with renal injury in SIRT1 heterozygotes. <i>In vitro</i>, SIRT1 attenuated the stress response by modulating the JNK signaling pathway, probably <i>via</i> the deacetylation of a JNK phosphatase, DUSP16. Taken together, our findings reveal SIRT1 as a crucial mediator in the renal aging process. Furthermore, manipulation of SIRT1 activity by NMN seems to be a potential pharmaceutical intervention for AKI that could contribute to the precise treatment of aged patients with AKI.
What should men know about prostate-specific antigen screening before giving informed consent? (1998)

Physicians and patients agree upon some facts that men should know about PSA screening before giving informed consent. However, physicians fail to emphasize other facts that patients find important. Physicians may differ by expertise; patients, by experience. Our findings provide content for informed consent for PSA screening, and our method may be useful for other controversial tests.
Quantum memories and error correction (2012)

Quantum states are inherently fragile, making their storage a major concern for many practical applications and experimental tests of quantum mechanics. The field of quantum memories is concerned with how this storage may be achieved, covering everything from the physical systems best suited to the task to the abstract methods that may be used to increase performance. This review concerns itself with the latter, giving an overview of error correction and self-correction, and how they may be used to achieve fault-tolerant quantum computation. The planar code is presented as a concrete example, both as a quantum memory and as a framework for quantum computation.
Thermal wave studies of thin metal films and structures (1999)

An analysis of a new photothermal system—META-PROBE™ (MP)—capabilities in measuring the thickness and thermal parameters of a single layer metal structures and of multilayer stacks is presented. Examples of MP applications include structures containing Al, Ti, TiN, and SiO2 layers of various thicknesses and processing history.
The modulated expression of Mo5, a human myelomonocytic plasma membrane antigen. (1985)

Mo5 is a 94-kd protein antigen expressed by human peripheral blood monocytes, neutrophils, and by all bone marrow myeloperoxidase-positive myeloid precursors (promyelocytes, myelocytes, metamyelocytes, and bands). Mo5 is borne by the malignant cells of 74% of patients (N = 27) with acute monocytic leukemia (French-American-British [FAB] group M4, M5), and 50% of patients (N = 38) with acute granulocytic leukemia (FAB M1, M2, and M3). Nonmyeloid cells in peripheral blood and bone marrow are Mo5-negative. The surface expression of Mo5 by myeloid cells is modulated by several experimental conditions: Exposure of neutrophils to calcium ionophore (1 mumol/L, 37 degrees C, ten minutes) under conditions resulting in degranulation of specific granules produces a three- to fourfold increase in the plasma membrane density of Mo5 antigen. This suggests that, in neutrophils, there is an intracellular pool of Mo5 antigen, which may be associated with specific granules, and that granule-associated Mo5 is translocated to the plasma membrane upon degranulation. Conversely, incubation of monocytes, neutrophils, U-937, and Mo5-positive leukemia cells in medium containing anti-Mo5 monoclonal antibody results in a significant decrease in surface Mo5 expression. This loss of surface Mo5 is a rapid, temperature-dependent process (occurring within 30 minutes at 37 degrees C) that is produced by divalent anti-Mo5 immunoglobulin [F(ab')2 but not F(ab)]. After down-modulation, Mo5 is reexpressed by monocytes within 48 hours. Mo5 is therefore a human myelomonocytic differentiation antigen whose expression is modulated up or down depending on the nature of extracellular stimuli.
Realtime segmentation of range data using continuous nearest neighbors (2009)

In mobile robotics, the segmentation of range data is an important prerequisite to object recognition and environment understanding. This paper presents an algorithm for realtime segmentation of a continuous stream of incoming range data. The method is an extension of the previously developed RBNN algorithm and proceeds in two phases: Firstly, the normal vector of each incoming point is estimated from its neighborhood, which is continuously monitored. Secondly, new points are clustered according to their Euclidean and angular distance to previously clustered points. An outline of the algorithm complexity as well as the parameters that influence the segmentation performance is provided. Three benchmark scenarios in which the algorithm is deployed on a mobile robot with a laser range finder confirm that the method can robustly segment incoming data at high rates.