gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integration of Shale-Gas-Production Data and Microseismic for Fracture and Reservoir Properties With the Fast Marching Method (2014)

Summary We present a novel approach to calculate drainage volume and well performance in shale gas reservoirs by use of the fast marching method (FMM) combined with a geometric pressure approximation. Our approach can fully account for complex fracture-network geometries associated with multistage hydraulic fractures and their impact on the well pressure and rates. The major advantages of our proposed approach are its simplicity, intuitive appeal, and computational efficiency. For example, we can compute and visualize the time evolution of the well-drainage volume for multimillion-cell geologic models in seconds without resorting to reservoir simulation. A geometric approximation of the drainage volume is then used to compute the well rates and the reservoir pressure. The speed and versatility of our proposed approach make it ideally suited for parameter estimation by means of the inverse modeling of shale-gas performance data. We use experimental design to perform the sensitivity analysis to identify the “heavy hitters” and a genetic algorithm (GA) to calibrate the relevant fracture and matrix parameters in shale-gas reservoirs by history matching of production data. In addition to the production data, microseismic information is used to help us constrain the fracture extent and orientation and to estimate the stimulated reservoir volume (SRV). The proposed approach is applied to a fractured shale-gas well. The results clearly show reduced ranges in the estimated fracture parameters and SRV, leading to improved forecasting and reserves estimation.
Association of Sleep-disordered Breathing and the Occurrence of Stroke (2005)

These data demonstrate a strong association between moderate to severe sleep-disordered breathing and prevalent stroke, independent of confounding factors. They also provide the first prospective evidence that sleep-disordered breathing precedes stroke and may contribute to the development of stroke.
Characterization of FAP-1 Expression and Function in Thyroid Follicular Cells (1999)

Human thyrocytes are resistant to Fas-mediated programmed cell death (PCD). It has been reported that a labile protein inhibitor is involved in the protection of thyrocytes from PCD, and its action can be reversed by incubation of thyrocytes with cycloheximide (CHX) during treatment with agonist anti-Fas Ab. Fas-associated phosphatase-1 (FAP-1) is a protein that has been shown to interact with the negative regulatory domain of Fas and block Fas-mediated apoptosis in FAP-1 transfected Jurkat cells. We investigated the possibility that FAP-1 might be involved in protection against Fas-mediated PCD in human thyrocytes. FAP-1 mRNA was detected in primary thyrocytes using a ribonuclease protection assay. The presence of FAP-1 protein was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining and flow cytometry using a polyclonal anti-FAP-1 Ab. FAP-1 protein also disappeared from thyroid cells in response to CHX. To determine whether FAP-1 is a functional inhibitor of PCD in thyrocytes, we incubated thyrocytes with synthetic SLV (Ac-SLV) tripeptide to compete with Fas for interaction with FAP-1. Thyrocytes treated with Ac-SLV tripeptide showed significantly increased cell death as compared to cells treated with control tripeptide. In addition, in the presence of a suboptimal concentration of CHX, the Ac-SLV tripeptide yielded a strong, synergistic increase in Fas-mediated PCD as compared to thyrocytes treated with control tripeptide. These results implicate FAP-1 as a regulator of Fas-induced PCD in thyrocytes.
Gastrointestinal Tolerance, Fat Absorption, Plasma Ketone and Urinary Dicarboxylic Acid Levels in Low-Birth-Weight Infants Fed Different Amounts of Medium-Chain Triglycerides in Formula (1993)

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) in a formula for low-birth-weight (LBW) infants on gastrointestinal tolerance, fat absorption, plasma ketone levels, and urinary dicarboxylic acid (DCA) excretion. At the start of enteral feedings, 64 LBW infants (< or = 1500 g) were randomly assigned to one of four experimental formulas. The formulas contained either 0, 17, 34, or 50% of the total fat as MCT oil. The nonfat constituents of all four formulas were the same and identical to Similac Special Care 24 (SCF). Infants were studied from the start of enteral feeding until approximately 7 days after reaching full feeds. Growth and tolerance were assessed in all infants over the entire feeding period. A 48-h balance study was conducted after enteral intake exceeded 100 kcal/kg/day for 3 days. Stool fat, plasma D-(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) and carnitine, serum glucose, and urinary DCA levels were determined. Groups did not differ in growth, formula intake, fat absorption (76-84%), serum glucose, or plasma carnitine levels. Gastrointestinal tolerance was excellent and did not differ among groups. Plasma 3HB was significantly different (p < 0.05) only between the 0 and 50% MCT groups, 50 +/- 10 versus 120 +/- 20 microM, respectively. The excretion of urinary DCAs increased with increasing amounts of MCT in the formula. In conclusion, fat absorption and gastrointestinal tolerance were not affected by different MCT levels (0 to 50% of the total fat), but higher levels of plasma 3HB and urinary DCAs were associated with higher levels of MCT in the LBW formulas studied.
The synthesis of new polymer derivatives of ATP by radical copolymerization and their coenzymic activity. (1981)

Three polymerizable ATP derivatives, N6-[N-(6-methacrylamidohexyl)carbamoylmethyl]-, N6-[N-[2-[N-(2-methacrylamidoethyl)carbamoyl]ethyl]carbamoylmethyl]-, and N6-[N-[N-(2-hydroxy-3-methacrylamidopropyl)carbamoylmethyl]carbamoylmethyl]-ATP, were synthesized and radically copolymerized with comonomers [acrylamide, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-, N-ethyl-, N, N-diethylacrylamide, acrylic acid, and 6-methacrylamido hexylammonium chloride] to obtain 18 new polymer derivatives of ATP. The molecular weight distributions were controlled by appropriate initiator concentrations. The monomeric and polymeric ATP derivatives were all coenzymically active against both hexokinase and glycerol kinase. The observed coenzymic activities (Km and Vmax) are discussed in connection with the structures of the derivatives.
Electron-donating capabilities and evidence for redox activity in low oxidation state iron complexes bearing bis(amidine)pyrimidylidene ligands (2016)

Low-valent iron complexes bearing bis(amidine)pyrimidylidene (or carbenodiamidine, CDA) ligands have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography, Mössbauer spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, EPR spectroscopy, and DFT calculations. One electron reduction of (CDA)FeCl2 (1) resulted in the formation of (CDA)FeCl (2), which demonstrated an unusual metal−N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) interaction where a redox non-innocent NHC participates in a one electron π-interaction with the metal center. This interaction renders the complex best described as a low-spin iron(II) complex that is antiferromagnetically coupled to a singly reduced CDA ligand. Two electron reduction of 1 under an atmosphere of carbon monoxide resulted in the formation of the diamagnetic complex (CDA)Fe(CO)2 (3). Complex 3 demonstrated significantly lower CO stretching frequencies compared to previously reported bis(imino)pyridine and even bis(N-heterocyclic carbene)pyridine iron complexes, which reflects the significant σ-donating capabilities of the CDA ligands.
Traffic stochastic interactions on blocking and outage probabilities in CDMA networks (2008)

In this paper, we study blocking and outage probabilities in data CDMA networks. Interactions between traffic and interference stochastic characteristics are considered. Different from the traditional approaches where traffic activity factor was used to represent impact of stochastic traffic, we investigate traffic impact jointly with considering the interactions from interference process. Appropriate model is constructed to factor in both traffic and interference variations in the system. We built simulation environment to detect the impacts from correlations in traffic and frequency of variations in the interference. Our results show that, gain form interactions between stochastic traffic and interference processes, traffic correlation is beneficial when system is under same load. These parameters affect blocking and outage probability significantly and have to be carefully considered in capacity estimations. Our study demonstrates that system performance was overestimated when there are no such considerations in performance analysis.
A new paradigm in sweat based wearable diagnostics biosensors using Room Temperature Ionic Liquids (RTILs) (2017)

Successful commercialization of wearable diagnostic sensors necessitates stability in detection of analytes over prolonged and continuous exposure to sweat. Challenges are primarily in ensuring target disease specific small analytes (i.e. metabolites, proteins, etc.) stability in complex sweat buffer with varying pH levels and composition over time. We present a facile approach to address these challenges using RTILs with antibody functionalized sensors on nanoporous, flexible polymer membranes. Temporal studies were performed using both infrared spectroscopic, dynamic light scattering, and impedimetric spectroscopy to demonstrate stability in detection of analytes, Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Cortisol, from human sweat in RTILs. Temporal stability in sensor performance was performed as follows: (a) detection of target analytes after 0, 24, 48, 96, and 168 hours post-antibody sensor functionalization; and (b) continuous detection of target analytes post-antibody sensor functionalization. Limit of detection of IL-6 in human sweat was 0.2 pg/mL for 0-24 hours and 2 pg/mL for 24-48 hours post-antibody sensor functionalization. Continuous detection of IL-6 over 0.2-200 pg/mL in human sweat was demonstrated for a period of 10 hours post-antibody sensor functionalization. Furthermore, combinatorial detection of IL-6 and Cortisol in human sweat was established with minimal cross-talk for 0-48 hours post-antibody sensor functionalization.
Endotoxin-induced bacterial translocation and mucosal permeability (1991)

These results suggest that endotoxin-induced bacterial translocation, mucosal injury, and ileal permeability are mediated via activation of xanthine oxidase, and not through complement activation or the liberation of macrophage products.
Exploiting the Anti-Aggregation of Gold Nanostars for Rapid Detection of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Causing Enterovirus 71 Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (2017)

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a major public health threat that requires rapid point-of-care detection. Here, we developed a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-based scheme that utilized protein-induced aggregation of colloidal gold nanostars (AuNS) to rapidly detect EV71 without the need for fabricating a solid substrate, Raman labels or complicated sample handling. We used AuNS (hydrodynamic diameter, D<sub>H</sub> of 105.12 ± 1.13 nm) conjugated to recombinant scavenger receptor class B, member 2 (SCARB2) protein with known affinity to EV71. In the absence of EV71, AuNS-SCARB2 aggregated in biological media and produced four enhanced Raman peaks at 390, 510, 670, and 910 cm<sup>-1</sup>. In the presence of EV71, the three peaks at 510, 670, and 910 cm<sup>-1</sup> disappeared, while the peak at 390 cm<sup>-1</sup> diminished in intensity as the virus bound to AuNS-SCARB2 and prevented them from aggregation. These three peaks (510, 670, and 910 cm<sup>-1</sup>) were potential markers for specific detection of EV71 as their disappearance was not observable with a different dengue virus (DENV) as our control. Furthermore, the Raman measurements from colloidal SERS were more sensitive in probing the aggregation of AuNS-SCARB2 for detecting the presence of EV71 in protein-rich samples compared to UV-vis spectrum measurements. With this facile "anti-aggregation" approach, we were able to detect EV71 in protein-rich biological medium within 15 min with reasonable sensitivity of 10<sup>7</sup> pfu/mL and minimal sample preparation, making this translatable for point-of-care applications.
Privacy Preserving Data Mining Using Association Rule With Condensation Approach (2014)

Abstract—With the rapid development data mining within various fields and security and privacy concerns come into view. In data mining while releasing micro-data or patterns from large databases individual or organizational private data may get compromise the information. The main aim behind privacy preserving data mining is to maximizing analysis outcome and minimizing disclosure of individuals or organizational private data. Association rule mining explores interesting relationship between data. This paper is based on concepts: condensation method and association rule. SMC (secure multiparty computation) securely transferring data over the network with hiding process which hide sensitive association rule which create threat to privacy. Now privacy preserving data mining has become increasingly popular because it provides sharing of private or sensitive data for analysis purposes. Most of people and organizations are afraid or hesitate to share their data or refusing to share their data or sometimes might provide wrong data. Due to rapid proliferation of private information on the internet, lot of research has been done in recent years for privacy preserving data mining. Users are unwilling to provide private or personal data unless and until privacy is assured. Sometimes automated transaction system holds or track information about individuals in day today’s life. For example credit card transactions.
Damage detection in beam structures using subspace rotation algorithm with strain data (1996)

Motivated by a smart structures philosophy of self-health monitoring in structural systems, a damage detection system for beam structures using subspace rotation techniques is presented. In doing so, the subspace rotation is extended from displacement-based data to strain-based data. Methods for accommodating the additional degrees of freedom of beam elements are presented. Using simulated data, the ability to locate and quantify single and multiple damage events is investigated. It has been found that the higher-order vibration modes are required to locate damage events in beams because the frequency response of beams is much less sensitive to a damage event than that of truss structures. It has also been found that condensation methods cannot be used to remove rotational degrees of freedom in the beam because of the coupled nature of the rotational degrees of freedom to the translational degrees of freedom.
Immunoglobulin G-induced single ionic channels in human alveolar macrophage membranes. (1985)

While it is well known that the engagement of IgG Fc receptors on the macrophage surface triggers a number of cellular responses, including particle ingestion, secretion, and respiratory burst activity, the mechanism of signal transmission following ligand binding remains poorly understood. To acquire more data in this area, we studied the electrical properties of the macrophage membrane and its response to oligomeric immunoglobulin G (IgG) using the patch-clamp technique on human alveolar macrophages that were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage and maintained in short-term tissue culture. The results showed that cell resting potentials, as determined from whole-cell tight seal recordings, increased from -15 mV on the day of plating to -56 mV after the first day in culture and remained stable at this hyperpolarized level. Macrophages revealed an input resistance of 3.3 G omega, independent of age in culture. Extracellular application of heat-aggregated human IgG to cells voltage-clamped at -70 mV resulted in peak inward currents of approximately 470 pA. We identified an IgG-dependent, nonselective channel in both cell-attached and isolated membrane patches, with a unitary conductance of approximately 350 pS and a predominant subconductance level of 235 pS in symmetrical NaCl solutions. Single channel open times were observed to be in the range of seconds and, in addition, were dependent upon membrane voltage. Channel opening involved transitions between a number of kinetic states and subconductance levels. Channel events recorded in cell-attached patches showed characteristic exponential relaxations, which implied a variation in membrane potential as a result of a single ion channel opening. These data suggest that the IgG-dependent nonselective cation channel that we have characterized may provide the link between Fc receptor engagement and subsequent cellular activation.
Placebo-controlled cross-over study of the monoaminergic stabiliser (−)-OSU6162 in mental fatigue following stroke or traumatic brain injury (2012)

Objective: Mental fatigue occurring after a stroke or traumatic brain injury (TBI) often results in difficulties returning to work and pursuing social activities. No effective treatment of this condition is available today. In this study, we have tested a novel pharmacological strategy using the monoaminergic stabiliser (−)-OSU6162. Methods: (−)-OSU6162 was given orally for 4 weeks in doses increasing from 15 to 45 mg b.i.d. to 12 patients suffering from mental fatigue, following upon stroke ( n =6) or TBI ( n =6). (−)-OSU6162 was compared with placebo using a double-blind, randomised cross-over design. Patients included were well rehabilitated physically with no gross impairment in cognitive functions other than those related to the mental fatigue. Results: (−)-OSU6162 caused a remarkable improvement in mental stamina, as evaluated by a self-assessment scale on mental fatigue. Statistical significance was reached on the primary endpoint (Mental Fatigue Scale). There was a trend towards improvement in the secondary endpoints processing speed and attention. Principal component analysis showed an overall positive treatment effect in 7 of 12 patients. Beneficial responses were seen already during the first few days of active drug treatment. Increasing dosage caused no further improvement. Adverse reactions consisted of short-lasting mild nausea and attenuated appetite. These side effects disappeared upon dose reduction. Conclusion: The monoaminergic stabiliser (−)-OSU6162 offers promise as a candidate for treatment of mental fatigue after a stroke or TBI.
Polymer Stabilization of Lead(II) Perovskite Cubic Nanocrystals for Semitransparent Solar Cells (2016)

Lead (II) perovskite (PV, e.g., CH3NH3PbI3–xClx) with 3 wt% polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) produces an ≈90 nm film containing a PVP–PV composite consisting of ≈15-nm-sized PV nanocrystals. Solar cells using 3 wt% PVP–PV have several advantages over a device using nondoped PV, which include an increase in transparency, stability of the film, efficiency, and reproducibility.
Multiple Wavelet Basis Image Denoising Using (2004)

We propose a new image denoising algorithm that exploits an image's representation in multiple wavelet domains. Besov balls are convex sets of images whose Besov norms are bounded from above by their radii. Projecting an image onto a Besov ball of proper radius corresponds to a type of wavelet shrinkage for image denoising. By defining Besov balls in multiple wavelet domains and projecting onto their intersection using the projection onto convex sets (POCS) algorithm, we obtain an estimate that effectively combines estimates from multiple wavelet domains. While simple, the algorithm provides significant improvement over conventional wavelet shrinkage algorithms based on a single wavelet domain.
EMRECON: An expectation maximization based image reconstruction framework for emission tomography data (2011)

We present a flexible image reconstruction framework for emission tomography data called EMRECON. The software includes multiple expectation maximization based reconstruction algorithms as well as support for several scanner geometries. In order to implement novel reconstruction techniques (e.g. TV-based regularization or combined reconstruction and motion correction) or scanner models, full access to every stage of the reconstruction pipeline is vital. EMrecon is fully open and well-documented, thus permits testing without the need to care about data formats or standard reconstruction and data correction algorithms. Due to the GATE-like syntax new scanner geometries, including an exact definition of each single crystal, can be added easily. The parallel (multi-core) C implementation was successfully tested on several Linux distributions. This makes EMRECON a useful tool for the development of new reconstruction algorithms and also serves as a platform for testing different scanner geometries.
WASHINGTON, D.C.: Peregrine Honig at JET artworks. (2006)

The article reviews the art exhibition entitled Albocracy, featuring the works of artist, Peregrine Honig at JET artworks in Washington D.C.
Microencapsulation of Lactobacillus plantarum (mtcc 5422) by spray-freeze-drying method and evaluation of survival in simulated gastrointestinal conditions (2011)

Spray-drying (SD) and freeze-drying (FD) are widely used methods for microencapsulation of heat-sensitive materials like probiotics for long-term preservation and transport. Spray-freeze-drying (SFD) is relatively a new technique that involves spraying a solution into a cold medium and removal of solvent (water) by conventional vacuum FD method. In this study, the SFD microencapsulated Lactobacillus plantarum powder (1:1 and 1:1.5 core-to-wall ratios of whey protein) is compared with the microencapsulated powders produced by FD and SD methods. The SFD and FD processed microencapsulated powder show 20% higher cell viability than the SD samples. In simulated gastrointestinal conditions, the SFD and FD cells show up to 4 h better tolerance than SD samples and unencapsulated cells in acidic and pepsin condition. The morphology of SFD samples shows particles almost in spherical shape with numerous fine pores, which in turn results in good rehydration behaviour of the powdered product.
PROBLEMO - problem solving and emotion awareness in spoken dialogue systems (2007)

This paper describes our approach to integrate intelligence and emotion awareness into spoken language dialogue systems. We are currently developing a system that enables the user to interact with multiple applications in a natural and user-friendly way. Here, constraints arising from one application can have a significant impact or lead to conflicts in the systems' cooperation with the user or other applications. The system detects such conflicts beforehand and communicates the constraints to the user in order to solve these conflicts in a negotiation dialogue. Such a system however is not only responsible for rapid problem solving but also for an adapted communication of information with respect to the user's emotional state. This seems particularly relevant in situations where the user undergoes cognitive stress.
Toward Flexible Thermoelectric Flow Sensors: A New Technological Approach (2008)

A new technological approach on thin flexible sensors is presented. As proof of concept, a thermoelectric flow sensor on a 10-mum-thick polyimide foil has been realized. The advantages of silicon as a thermoelectric material and the stability of low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD)-silicon nitride as a protective coating are combined with the flexibility of polymer substrates. The thermoelectric flow sensor is fabricated on a standard silicon wafer for handling purposes. Only the functional layers that are embedded in 600 nm of LPCVD-silicon nitride are transferred onto a 10-mum-thick polyimide. The bulk silicon has been removed using deep reactive ion etching. Samples have been fabricated and tested, proving the potential of this new technological concept. The first characterization results show that the sensor layout has to be adapted to the properties of the polymer substrate.