gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integration of Time Series Modeling and Wavelet Transform for Monitoring Nuclear Plant Sensors (2014)

Dynamic fluctuations of nuclear plant sensors contain information about their response characteristics and bandwidth features. The random fluctuations can be characterized by using auto-regression (AR) time-series models. These discrete-time models are then utilized to estimate time-domain and frequency-domain signatures. Prior to developing these models, the sensor measurements are enhanced by filtering both low-frequency and high-frequency components using wavelet transforms. The use of wavelet transform for signal conditioning results in minimum distortion of the signal bandwidth, and thus provides an effective approach for data pre-processing. This integrated approach is applied to plant data from a pressurized water reactor (PWR). Univariate AR models were established for several pressure transmitter data, and used to estimate response time parameters of sensors and their frequency spectra. The results of this integrated approach demonstrate the improvement in the sensor signature estimation compared to the direct use of plant measurements.
Rootstock Effects on Chardonel Productivity, Fruit, and Wine Composition (2002)

A cooperative study was initiated between the University of Arkansas and California State University, Fresno, to determine the effect of rootstock on productivity, fruit, and wine composition. Viticultural data were collected for four years in Arkansas and three years in California, and wine was made one year. Chardonel scion wood was bench-grafted on Cynthiana, Freedom, Kober 5BB, and Richter 110 rootstock. Grafted vines and own rooted vines were planted in Fayetteville, AR, and Fresno, CA. Vineyard establishment, trellis systems, and cultural practices were standardized between locations. The two locations have different soils and climates, and results differed between locations. Grapes grown in Fresno (3 year means) had higher total soluble solids (23.5 Brix) and titratable acidity (8.0 g/L) and lower pH (3.44) than grapes grown in Fayetteville (4 year means), which had 20.5 Brix, 6.4 g/L titratable acidity, and 3.60 pH. The greatest benefits of using rootstocks were seen in Fayetteville, where yield increases of 40 and 19% were obtained with 5BB and 110R, respectively, as compared to own-rooted vines. Cynthiana produced the lowest yields, and Freedom produced the largest vine size at both locations. Grapes from vines grafted to 110R had a lower pH than own-rooted vines at Fayetteville. Otherwise, there were few composition differences between own-rooted, Freedom, 5BB, and 110R rootstocks. Wines produced from fruit of vines grafted to Freedom had the highest pH at both locations. There were few other differences in wine pH or acidity among grapes that were not attributable to fruit maturity. There was not a major advantage to using rootstock in Fresno. The use of 110R seems to hold an advantage in Fayetteville over own-rooted vines due to higher yield and lower pH.
Expression of UDP—Glucose Dehydrogenase Reduces Cell-Wall Polysaccharide Concentration and Increases Xylose Content in Alfalfa Stems (2004)

The primary cell-wall matrix of most higher plants is composed of large amounts of uronic acids, primarily D-galacturonic acid residues in the backbone of pectic polysaccharides. Uridine diphosphate (UDP)—glucose dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of uronic acids. We produced transgenic alfalfa (Medicago sativa) plants expressing a soybean UDP—glucose dehydrogenase cDNA under the control of two promoters active in alfalfa vascular tissues. In initial greenhouse experiments, enzyme activity in transgenic lines was up to seven-fold greater than in nontransformed control plants; however, field-grown transgenic plants had only a maximum of 1.9-fold more activity than the control. Cell-wall polysaccharide content was lower and Klason lignin content was higher in transgenics compared to the nontransformed control. No significant increase in pectin or uronic acids in the polysaccharide fraction was observed in any line. Xylose increased 15% in most transgenic lines and mannose concentration decreased slightly in all lines. Because of the complexity of pectic polysaccharides and sugar biosynthesis, it may be necessary to manipulate multiple steps in carbohydrate metabolism to alter the pectin content of alfalfa.
Efficient planar heterojunction mixed-halide perovskite solar cells deposited via spray-deposition (2014)

Perovskite solar cells prepared via spray-deposition of the active layer have been realized, advancing this promising technology towards roll-to-roll compatible processing methods.
Study the Influence of Poly Vinyl Acetate on Flow Behavior of Bentonite Dispersions in Water (2009)

The present investigation is concerned to study the influence of poly vinylacetate (PVAc.) on flow behavior of bentonite dispersions in water, poly vinyl acetatewas added to the bentonite dispersion in different concentration (5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15, 17.5and 20) gm/l. after that, the flow properties of these samples was measured and thatincluded (viscosity, shear stress, shear rate and Bingham yield value), The results showthixotropy flow by a hysteresis loop of the flow curves for bentonite dispersion with andwithout poly vinyl acetate, but with (PVAc.) give higher fluidity flow.Also the morphology of bentonite dispersions was analyzed before and after addingpoly vinyl acetate by scanning electron micrograph (SEM), it is show that a weakassociation between (PVAc.) and bentonite dispersions.
Combining neural network classification with fuzzy vector quantization and hidden Markov models for robust isolated word speech recognition (2002)

This paper proposes a new robust hybrid isolated word speech recognition system which is based on the improved quantization accuracy of FVQ, the strength of HMM in modelling stochastic sequences, and the nonlinear classification capability of MLP neural networks. Thus the proposed FVQ/HMM/MLP approach combines effectively the relative contributions of the codebook-dependent fuzzy distortion measures with model-dependent maximum likelihood probability information. Computer simulation results clearly indicate the superiority in recognition accuracy performance of the FVQ/HMM/MLP approach when compared to that obtained from FVQ/HMM or FVQ/MLP schemes.
Is Doubling of Serum Creatinine a Valid Clinical ‘Hard’ Endpoint in Clinical Nephrology Trials? (2011)

The composite of end stage renal disease (ESRD), doubling of serum creatinine and (renal) death, is a frequently used endpoint in randomized clinical trials in nephrology. Doubling of serum creatinine is a well-accepted part of this endpoint because a doubling of serum creatinine reflects a large sustained change in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and predicts the development of ESRD. Although doubling of serum creatinine is frequently used, the validity of using this outcome as part of a composite endpoint is hampered by various factors. Firstly, serum creatinine may reflect changes in muscle mass unrelated to true GFR changes. Secondly, changes in serum creatinine may reflect hemodynamic changes in renal perfusion and not a structural effect on renal function. Finally, doubling of serum creatinine is an arbitrary choice and different proportional changes may represent a better indicator for ESRD. In this minireview, each of these factors will be discussed and recommendations are made for interpretation of clinical trials using doubling of serum creatinine as a composite endpoint in nephrology trials.
Alterations in Substrate Specificity and Physicochemical Properties of Deoxythymidine Kinase of a Drug-Resistant Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Mutant (1983)

The deoxythymidine kinase (dTK) activity of a 5-methoxymethyldeoxyuridine-resistant mutant (MMdU(r)-20) of herpes simplex virus type 1 was compared with that of the parental wild-type (WT) virus. The dTK activity induced by the mutant was consistently less than that induced by the WT virus, was inhibited by antibody specific for herpes simplex virus dTK, and was more thermostable than the WT dTK. Further, it was inhibited to a lesser degree than the WT dTK by the nucleoside analogs MMdU and arabinosylthymine (araT), which suggests that one of the effects of the mutation was a selective alteration in substrate recognition by the dTK. The loss of ability to inhibit the mutant dTK by E-(2)-5-bromovinyldeoxyuridine was not as great as that seen with araT and MMdU. This agrees well with our previous observation that the MMdU(r)-20 mutant of herpes simplex virus is only partially resistant to this analog, as compared with araT and MMdU (V. Veerisetty and G. A. Gentry, Virology 114:576-579, 1981). [2-(14)C]araT was used to explore further the resistance to araT. Extracts of cells infected with the mutant, although producing a small amount of [(14)C]araTMP, were unable to produce [(14)C]araTTP, in contrast to extracts of cells infected with the WT virus. Both extracts, however, produced [(14)C]dTTP from [(14)C]deoxyribosylthymine. Finally, the ability of the extracts to phosphorylate [(14)C]dTMP was examined. It was found that this activity was greatly reduced relative to dTK activity in the case of the mutant. These findings suggest that a mutation in the dTK polypeptide has affected recognition not only of nucleoside substrates but of the nucleotide substrate dTMP as well, which agrees with the suggestion of Chen et al. that both activities are located on the same polypeptide (M. S. Chen and W. H. Prusoff, J. Biol. Chem. 253:1325-1327, 1978; M. S. Chen, J. Walker, and W. H. Prusoff, J. Biol. Chem. 254:10747-10753, 1979; M. S. Chen, W. P. Summers, J. Walker, W. C. Summers, and W. H. Prusoff, J. Virol. 30:942-945, 1979).
Handwritten Characters Classification Using Neural Networks and Moments Features (2014)

ABSTRACT: This paper presents unconstrained handwritten Amazighe character recognition based upon orthogonal moments and neural networks classifier. The proposed system extracts moments features from character images. A total of 6600 images were considered for experimentation and overall accuracy found to be 97.46%. The novelty of the proposed method is independence of size, slant, orientation, and translation. The performance of the proposed method is experimentally evaluated and the promising results and findings are presented. Our method is compared to an Euclidian distance criterion and K-NN classifier algorithm, results show performances of our method.
Wafer-Scale Demonstration of Low-Loss (∼0.43 dB/cm), High-Bandwidth (>38 GHz), Silicon Photonics Platform Operating at the C-Band (2022)

The key advantage of silicon photonics comes from its potential for large scale integration, in a low-cost and scalable fashion. This has sustained the growth in the area despite disadvantages such as the lack of a monolithic light source, or the absence of a second order non-linear response (χ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(2)</sup> ). Thus far, the work in the field has focused on reporting individual devices from a single die, with excellent performances. Wafer-level results, an area which has not been addressed sufficiently, is a critical aspect of silicon photonics and will provide the community with information regarding scalability and variation, which will be the key differentiating advantage of silicon photonics over other photonic platforms. In this work, we report the development of a low-loss, high-bandwidth C-band silicon photonic platform on a 200 mm CMOS-compatible process line, demonstrating wafer-level performance in the process. Ultra-low waveguide propagation loss with median values as low as 0.43 dB/cm has been achieved. Silicon Mach-Zehnder and microring modulators with median bandwidth of 38.5 and 43 GHz respectively are presented. Finally, germanium waveguide-integrated photodetectors with median bandwidth of 43 GHz are reported. The results reported in this work are comparable to prior demonstrations concerning individual devices. The baseline designs on this platform presented in this work can be accessed commercially from CompoundTek.
Biofouling and Biocorrosion in Industrial Water Systems (2005)

Corrosion associated with microorganisms has been recognized for over 50 years and yet the study of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is relatively new. MIC can occur in diverse environments and is not limited to aqueous corrosion under submerged conditions, but also takes place in humid atmospheres. Biofouling of industrial water systems is the phenomenon whereby surfaces in contact with water are colonized by microorganisms, which are ubiquitous in our environment. However, the economic implications of biofouling in industrial water systems are much greater than many people realize. In a survey conducted by the National Association of Corrosion Engineers of the United States ten years ago, it was found that many corrosion engineer did not accept the role of bacteria in corrosion, and many of then that did, could not recognize and mitigate the problem. Biofouling can be described in terms of its effects on processes and products such as material degradation (bio-corossion), product contamination, mechanical blockages, and impedance of heat transfer. Microorganisms distinguish themselves from other industrial water contaminants by their ability to utilize available nutrient sources, reproduce, and generate intra- and extracellular organic and inorganic substances in water. A sound understanding of the molecular and physiological activities of the microorganisms involved is necessary before strategies for the long term control of biofouling can be format. Traditional water treatment strategies however, have largely failed to address those factors that promote biofouling activities and lead to biocorrosion. Some of the major developments in recent years have been a redefinition of biofilm architecture and the realization that MIC of metals can be best understood as biomineralization.
Stereoscopy and the Human Visual System (2012)

Stereoscopic displays have become important for many applications, including operation of remote devices, medical imaging, surgery, scientific visualization, and computer-assisted design. But the most significant and exciting development is the incorporation of stereo technology into entertainment: specifically, cinema, television, and video games. In these applications for stereo, three-dimensional (3D) imagery should create a faithful impression of the 3D structure of the scene being portrayed. In addition, the viewer should be comfortable and not leave the experience with eye fatigue or a headache. Finally, the presentation of the stereo images should not create temporal artifacts like flicker or motion judder. This paper reviews current research on stereo human vision and how it informs us about how best to create and present stereo 3D imagery. The paper is divided into four parts: (1) getting the geometry right, (2) depth cue interactions in stereo 3D media, (3) focusing and fixating on stereo images, and (4) how temporal presentation protocols affect flicker, motion artifacts, and depth distortion.
Comparison of Nucleation Effects of Organic Phosphorous and Sorbitol Derivative Nucleating Agents in Isotactic Polypropylene (2008)

Organic phosphorous and sorbitol derivatives are two types of very effective nucleating agents for isotactic polypropylene (iPP). The effects of two kinds of organic phosphorous nucleating agents, Irgastab NA-11 and ADK NA-21, and two kinds of sorbitol derivatives, Irgaclear DM and Millad 3988, on mechanical properties and crystallization behaviors of iPP are compared in this paper. The organic phosphorous nucleating agents had better effects on mechanical properties of iPP than sorbitol derivatives, whereas the latter had better effects on transparency of iPP than the former. At the same time, the organic phosphorous nucleating agents and sorbitol derivatives had similar effects on the crystallization peak temperature (Tc) of iPP. When the concentration of nucleating agents was 0.2 wt%, compared to those of virgin iPP, the tensile strength and flexural modulus of iPP nucleated with Irgastab NA-11 and ADK NA-21 were increased by 19.35% and 17.67%, and 29.48% and 24.84%, and the haze value was decreased by 43.58% and 44.01%, respectively. On the other hand, the tensile strength and flexural modulus of iPP nucleated with Irgaclear DM and Millad 3988 were increased by 7.03% and 7.46%, and 7.20% and 11.96%, and the haze value was decreased by 51.03% and 52.23%, respectively. When the cooling rate was 10°C /min, the Tc of iPP nucleated with these four nucleating agents was increased from 118.74°C of virgin iPP to about 130°C. Meanwhile, the morphology study showed that addition of both organic phosphorous and sorbitol derivative type nucleating agents could decrease the spherulite size of iPP significantly and that sorbitol derivatives have greater effects.
Feasibility of tumor imaging using L-3-[iodine-123]-iodo-alpha-methyl-tyrosine in extracranial tumors. (1998)

IMT has potential as a metabolic tracer in tumors outside the brain.
Low‐intensity laser irradiation at 660 nm stimulates cytochrome c oxidase in stressed fibroblast cells (2012)

Irradiation at 660 nm has the ability to influence mitochondrial enzyme activity, in particular cytochrome c oxidase. This leads to increased mitochondrial activity and ATP synthesis.
The Influences and Implications of PISA: An Australian Perspective. (2014)

\n\t\t\t\t\tThis article is a commentary on Australia&rsquo;s involvement in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) tests. It provides a rationale for Australia&rsquo;s participation in the PISA programme, the influences of PISA involvement on education policies and practices, and considerations and implications for school leaders and education researchers. It provides commentary on the positive and negative aspects of PISA involvement and concludes that there are many more disadvantages than benefits, each of which is explained. The article has applicability across the many standardized testing programmes to which Australian students are subjected. Furthermore, the Australian experience and this perspective may hold resonance for colleagues in countries with similar education systems, policies, and standardized testing regimes.\n\t\t\t\t
The robust vehicle routing problem (2015)

We consider a Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) under uncertainty and seek to find efficient solutions in practice. Routing problems contain a fairly high degree of uncertainty in real life
Exceptional reactivity of the bicyclo[2.2.1]heptene double bond (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExceptional reactivity of the bicyclo[2.2.1]heptene double bondRolf Huisgen, Pieter H. J. Ooms, Margarita Mingin, and Norman L. AllingerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 11, 3951–3953Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00531a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00531a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views478Altmetric-Citations131LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Interactions between hemiparasitic angiosperms and their hosts in the subarctic. (1996)

Aspects of the growth, nutrient and carbon relations of some of the common hemiparasites of the Lake Tornetr?sk region of subarctic Sweden are described with respect to the ways in which the plants utilise resources and the consequences of this method of nutrition for both the parasite and the host. Some species are facultative parasites and can grow in the absence of a host plant. Under these circumstances their growth is severely limited by an inability to both absorb and assimilate inorganic solutes. Attachment to a host plant greatly stimulates growth, with the nature of the host determining the extent to which such stimulation occurs. The most vigorous performance of the parasites occurs on nitrogen-fixing legumes, when the highest rates of growth and photosynthesis are observed. Thus heterotrophic organic nitrogen supply may play a major role in determining the success of these hemipara sites. Less is known about the influence of these hemiparasitic angiosperms on the performance of their host. A study of the Rhinanthus minor-Poa alpina ssp. viv?para association revealed that infected P. alpina plants accumulated less biomass and had lower shoot:root ratios than uninfected controls, and invested less material in reproductive tissue. However, the parasite did not influence rates of photosynthesis in the host.
Abstract 309: Long-Term Therapy with Ivabradine Increases ACE-2 Activity in Left Ventricular Myocardium of Dogs with Chronic Heart Failure (2012)

Background: Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a homolog of ACE. ACE2 removes the terminal amino-acid from angiotensin-II (Ang II) to form Ang(1-7) which antagonizes the effects of Ang-II by activating the Mas receptor. We showed that ivabradine (IVA), a novel inhibitor of the cardiac pacemaker current I f , improves left ventricular (LV) function and prevents progressive LV remodeling in dogs with microembolization-induced heart failure (HF). Because RAAS system overactivity contributes to the progression of HF, we assessed changes in Ang-II level and ACE and ACE2 activity in LV of dogs treated with IVA. Methods: Studies were performed in LV tissue from 24 HF dogs randomized to 3 months therapy with high dose (HD) IVA (30 mg twice daily, n=8), low dose (LD) IVA (15 mg twice daily, n=8) or to no therapy at all (Control, CON, n=8). LV tissue from 6 normal (NL) dogs was used for comparison. A fluorogenic peptide, captopril (ACE inhibitor) and DX600 (ACE2 inhibitor) were used to quantify the activity of ACE and ACE2 in LV homogenate. Activity was expressed as fluorescence unit (FU)/μ g protein/hour. Ang II level was determined by ELISA. Results: IVA reduced heart rate (HR) and significantly increased LV ejection fraction in a dose-dependent manner. Ang II level and ACE and ACE2 activities were up-regulated in HF CON compared to NL dogs. Compared to CON, treatment with IVA reduced ACE activity and Ang II level but increased ACE2 activity in a dose-dependent manner (Table). Conclusions: In dogs with HF, therapy with IVA reduces activation of ACE and Ang II level but increases activation of ACE2. The latter may contribute to the observed beneficial effects of IVA on LV function and remodeling in HF.
New Polyacetylenes, DGAT Inhibitors from the Roots of<i>Panax ginseng</i> (2004)

The petroleum ether extract of Panax ginseng showed a significant inhibition of the diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) enzyme from rat liver microsomes. Bioactivity-guided fractionation led to the isolation of two new polyacetylenic compounds, (9 R,10 S)-epoxyheptadecan-4,6-diyn-3-one ( 1) and 1-methoxy-(9 R,10 S)-epoxyheptadecan-4,6-diyn-3-one ( 2). Their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence and asymmetric synthesis. IC50 values of 9 microg/mL ( 1) and 32 microg/mL ( 2) were obtained.