gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Activation of JUN in fibroblasts promotes pro-fibrotic programme and modulates protective immunity (2020)

The transcription factor JUN is highly expressed in pulmonary fibrosis. Its induction in mice drives lung fibrosis, which is abrogated by administration of anti-CD47. Here, we use high-dimensional mass cytometry to profile protein expression and secretome of cells from patients with pulmonary fibrosis. We show that JUN is activated in fibrotic fibroblasts that expressed increased CD47 and PD-L1. Using ATAC-seq and ChIP-seq, we found that activation of JUN rendered promoters and enhancers of CD47 and PD-L1 accessible. We further detect increased IL-6 that amplified JUN-mediated CD47 enhancer activity and protein expression. Using an in vivo mouse model of fibrosis, we found two distinct mechanisms by which blocking IL-6, CD47 and PD-L1 reversed fibrosis, by increasing phagocytosis of profibrotic fibroblasts and by eliminating suppressive effects on adaptive immunity. Our results identify specific immune mechanisms that promote fibrosis and suggest a therapeutic approach that could be used alongside conventional anti-fibrotics for pulmonary fibrosis.
Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Coupling of Aryl Bromides with Tertiary Alkyl Halides (2015)

A mild Ni-catalyzed reductive arylation of tertiary alkyl halides with aryl bromides has been developed that delivers products bearing all-carbon quaternary centers in moderate to excellent yields with excellent functional group tolerance. Electron-deficient arenes are generally more effective in inhibiting alkyl isomerization. The reactions proceed successfully with pyridine or 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine, while imidazolium salts slightly enhance the coupling efficiency.
Interventions for treating central venous haemodialysis catheter malfunction (2017)

Thrombolysis, fibrin sheath disruption and over-the-wire catheter exchange are effective and appropriate therapies for immediately restoring catheter patency in dysfunctional cuffed and tunnelled HD catheters. On current data there is no evidence to support physical intervention over the use of pharmaceutical agents in the acute setting. Pharmacological interventions appear to have a bridging role and long-term catheter survival may be improved by fibrin sheath disruption and is probably superior following catheter exchange. There is no evidence favouring any of these approaches with respect to dialysis adequacy or risk of adverse events.The current review is limited by the small number of available studies with limited numbers of patients enrolled. Most of the studies included in this review were judged to have a high risk of bias and were potentially influenced by pharmaceutical industry involvement.Further research is required to adequately address the question of the most efficacious and clinically appropriate technique for HD catheter dysfunction.
Short-Length Raptor Codes for Mobile Free-Space Optical Channels (2009)

Free-space optical (FSO) links are competitive wireless links offering high data rate, security and low system complexity. For mobile applications, e.g., from a ground base station to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), the FSO channel can suffer from severe instantaneous misalignment. This time varying misalignment is unknown to the transmitter and causes data packet corruption and erasure. As a result, the application of traditional fixed-rate erasure coding techniques is difficult. In this paper, we consider the application of rateless Raptor codes for such mobile FSO channels. Due to the high data rates required, short-length (16-1024) Raptor codes are designed and simulated on a severe jitter FSO channel. A key advantage of Raptor codes is their independence on channel state, no matter how large the misalignment. With a 1 Gbps transmitter, the designed Raptor code with k = 64 message packets offers 560 Mbps data rate and decoding cost of 4.14 operations per packet when transmitting power is 20 dBm. In contrast, a traditional automatic repeat- request (ARQ) algorithm technique on the same FSO jitter channel achieves a rate of 60 Mbps.
A novel serotonin antagonist 2,2′‐bis[3‐(2‐<i>N,N</i>‐dimethylaminoethyl)indolyl]sulfide (BDIS) (1984)

Abstract A novel serotonin antagonist, 2,2′‐bis[3‐(2‐ N,N ‐dimethylaminoethyl)indolyl]sulfide (BDIS) was synthesized in one step from the reaction of N,N ‐dimethyltryptamine with thionyl chloride.
Prediction of elastic-wave velocities in sandstones using structural models (1995)

Abstract Elastic-wave propagation in fluid-saturated sandstones depends upon two sets of rock features: (1) the volume fractions and elastic constants of the rock constituents (quartz, clay, water, etc.) and (2) microstructural geometry (grain contacts, pore aspect ratios). While the former data are usually obtainable, the latter are relatively inaccessible. We present a new method for determining microstructural data using idealized but physically representative models of sandstone. The key to the method is the simulation of certain depositional and diagenetic processes in a manner that completely specifies the geometry of the resulting models. Hence, the geometric features of the grain space and void space required for various theories of elastic propagation can be calculated directly from the models. We find good agreement between predictions and measurements of compressional- and shear-wave velocities in both clean and clay-bearing saturated sandstones. In contrast with previous efforts at predicting velocities, we use no adjustable parameters and require no additional measurements on samples, such as dry velocities or analysis of thin-section images. The results suggest that it is feasible to predict elastic velocities directly from geological models in the absence of rock samples.
Lectin‐based structural glycomics: A practical approach to complex glycans (2011)

Glycans exist in nature in various forms of glycoconjugates, i.e., glycoproteins, glycolipids, and glycosaminoglycans, either in soluble or membrane-bound forms. One of their prominent properties distinguished from nucleic acids and proteins is "heterogeneity" largely attributed to their inherent features of biosynthesis. In general, various methods based on the physicochemical principles have been taken for their separation and structural determination although all of them require prior liberation of glycans and appropriate labeling. On the other hand, a series of carbohydrate-binding proteins, or "lectins," have extensively been used in a more direct manner for cell typing, histochemical staining, and glycoprotein fractionation. Although most procedures conventionally used are useful, unfortunately they lack "throughput" comparable to a performance required for current omics studies. Recently, a novel technique called lectin microarray has attracted increasing attention from not only glycoscientists but also researchers in other fields, because it is straightforward and also informative. The method is innovating in that it enables direct approach to glycoconjugates such as glycoproteins and even cells without liberation of glycans from the core substrate, and therefore can be effectively applied for the sake of differential profiling in various fields. Concept, strategy, and technical advancement of lectin microarray are described. Also, as an introduction to glycomics, the authors explain the motivation to challenge this theme.
The effects of a music intervention during port catheter placement on anxiety and stress (2021)

Studies have shown that perioperative music interventions can reduce patients' anxiety levels. However, in small operations like port catheter surgery evidence is sparse. The present single-blinded, randomised controlled two-armed study included 84 female patients undergoing port catheter placement who were randomly assigned to either listening to music during surgery vs. no music intervention. The medical staff was blind to group allocation. On the day of the surgery anxiety and stress levels were evaluated using subjective (STAI questionnaire, visual analogue scales) and objective (vital parameters, salivary cortisol) parameters at different time points (before the surgery, at the end of the surgery and 1 h post-surgery). The music group showed significant reductions of systolic blood pressure (from 136.5 mmHg ± 26.1 to 123.3 mmHg ± 22.0, p = .002) and heart rate (from 75.6 bpm ± 12.3 to 73.1 bpm ± 12.2, p = .035) from beginning of the surgery to skin suture, whereas the control group did not. No significant effects of the music intervention on subjective anxiety measures or salivary cortisol were revealed. In sum, the study demonstrates that a music intervention during port catheter placement positively influences physiological anxiety levels, whereas no effects were revealed for subjective anxiety and salivary cortisol. Thus, music can be considered as a low cost addition in clinical routine in order to reduce patients' heart rate and blood pressure. Future studies are encouraged to further explore the differential effects of intraoperative music interventions on physiological, endocrinological and subjective anxiety levels.
Growth and Self-Assembly of Ultrathin Au Nanowires into Expanded Hexagonal Superlattice Studied by in Situ SAXS (2014)

We report the self-assembly of gold nanowires into hexagonal superlattices in liquid phase followed by in situ small-angle X-ray scattering and give new insights into their growth mechanism. The unprecedented large interwire distance of 8 nm strongly suggests the stabilization of the ultrathin gold nanowires by a ligand's double layer composed of oleylamine and oleylammonium chloride. The one-dimensional growth is discussed, opening perspectives toward the control growth and self-assemblies of metallic nanowires.
D<scp>amaged</scp> G<scp>oods</scp> (1996)

Manufacturers may intentionally damage a portion of their goods in order to price discriminate. Many instances of this phenomenon are observed. It may result in a Pareto improvement.
A new and practical approach to the synthesis of taxol and taxol analogs: the pinene path. (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA new and practical approach to the synthesis of taxol and taxol analogs: the pinene path.Paul A. Wender and Thomas P. MucciaroCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 14, 5878–5879Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00040a070https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00040a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2125Altmetric-Citations140LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The relation between magnetic field and gas density in interstellar clouds (1983)

On the basis of 21 cm H I observations and 327 MHz continuum observations of the galactic background, the dependence of magnetic field strength on gas density in interstellar clouds has been investigated. The results indicate that interstellar clouds do not usually condense via isotropic collapse with a frozen-in field. Rather, they collapse by means of anisotropic flattening which is expected to occur along field lines. This result agrees with that expected from theoretical equilibrium models of interstellar clouds (Mouschovias, 1976).
Low-Dose Cyclophosphamide Induces Antitumor T-Cell Responses, which Associate with Survival in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (2017)

<b>Purpose:</b> Anticancer T-cell responses can control tumors, but immunosuppressive mechanisms <i>in vivo</i> prevent their function. The role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in metastatic colorectal cancer is unclear. We have previously shown depletion of Tregs enhances colorectal cancer-specific effector T-cell responses. Low-dose cyclophosphamide targets Tregs in animal models and some human studies; however, the effect of cyclophosphamide in metastatic colorectal cancer is unknown.<b>Experimental Design:</b> Fifty-five patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were enrolled in a phase I/II trial and randomly assigned to receive 2-week-long courses of low-dose (50 mg twice a day) cyclophosphamide or not. The absolute number, phenotype, and antitumor function of peripheral blood-derived lymphocyte subsets were monitored throughout treatment, as well as during 18-month follow-up.<b>Results:</b> Initially, cyclophosphamide reduced proliferation in all lymphocyte subsets; however, a rapid mobilization of effector T cells overcame this decrease, leading to increased absolute T-cell numbers. In contrast, a reduction in proportional and absolute Treg, B-cell, and NK-cell numbers occurred. The expansion and subsequent activation of effector T cells was focused on tumor-specific T cells, producing both granzyme B and IFNγ. Cyclophosphamide-treated patients demonstrating the most enhanced IFNγ<sup>+</sup> tumor-specific T-cell responses exhibited a significant delay in tumor progression [HR = 0.29; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.12-0.69; <i>P</i> = 0.0047), compared with nonresponders and no-treatment controls.<b>Conclusions:</b> Cyclophosphamide-induced Treg depletion is mirrored by a striking boost in antitumor immunity. This study provides the first direct evidence of the benefit of naturally primed T cells in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Our results also support the concept that nonmutated self-antigens may act as useful targets for immunotherapies. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 23(22); 6771-80. ©2017 AACR</i>.
Fuzzy-Logic-Based Robust Attitude Control of Networked Spacecraft via Event-Triggered Mechanism (2020)

This article studies the robust fuzzy attitude control strategy for the networked spacecraft consisting of physically independent modules that interact through network communication. The effects of inertia uncertainties, delayed feedback, actuator saturation, and external disturbances are simultaneously taken into account when designing the attitude control law. Based on aperiodic sampling, an adaptive event-triggered scheme avoiding Zeno phenomenon naturally is introduced to reduce the communication burden of network. By representing spacecraft kinematics and dynamics with Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model, a robust fuzzy controller with L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sub> -gain performance is newly developed to fulfill the attitude stabilization of networked spacecraft under complex constraints. Moreover, a novel Lyapunov functional is constructed to perform the stability analysis and controller synthesis of the resulting closed-loop system. The main results of this article are formulated in terms of linear matrix inequalities, which can be easily resolved by standard software. Finally, simulation results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed attitude control strategy.
Grupo de supervisão em Psicologia e a função de holding do supervisor (2011)

The supervised professional training is characterized as the onset of clinical activity and the supervision as the moment of learning and articulating the theory studied with the practice experienced. It evaluates the work of the trainee, in a process that may raise anxieties, pointing the importance of the handling made by the supervisor. The concept of holding may contribute to the reflection of the position and the function of the supervisor in Psychology. Holding is understood as the support offered to the trainee in the process of becoming a psychologist, in a way that he can present his true self, without obscuring events of the clinical encounter. Caution should also turn to the supervision group and relationships therein, providing a sufficiently good environment for learning. From these considerations, it is argued that the supervisor should not only be a professional with a solid background, but also he or she should be able to handle distress, suffering, relationships among trainees, offering the necessary holding for the development of the psychologist in training.
Decentralized coded caching attains order-optimal memory-rate tradeoff (2013)

Replicating or caching popular content in memories distributed across the network is a technique to reduce peak network loads. Conventionally, the main performance gain of this caching was thought to result from making part of the requested data available closer to end users. Instead, we recently showed that a much more significant gain can be achieved by using caches to create multicasting opportunities, even for users with different demands, through coding across data streams. These simultaneous coded-multicasting opportunities are enabled by careful content overlap at the various caches in the network, created by a central coordinating server. In many scenarios, such a central coordinating server may not be available, raising the question if this multicasting gain can still be achieved in a more decentralized setting. In this paper, we propose an efficient caching scheme, in which the content placement is performed in a decentralized manner. In other words, no coordination is required for the content placement. Despite this lack of coordination, the proposed scheme is nevertheless able to create simultaneous coded-multicasting opportunities, and hence achieves a rate close to the centralized scheme.
Optical performance monitoring for dynamic and flexible photonic networks (2015)

Optical performance monitoring (OPM) is considered as an important tool in order to operate and manage dynamic, flexible, and thus complex photonic networks. In this paper, firstly we review recent studies on OPM and discuss its possible applications, such as failure diagnosis of transmitter, receiver, and other transport equipment, optimization of system reach design, and so on. We then present two different types of in-band OSNR monitor, consisting of an optical bandpass filter, a photo-detector, and a signal processer. Since the proposed monitor might be realized by the same hardware implementation as an optical channel monitor (OCM), this is potentially integrated with an OCM in a low-cost fashion. We also explain a BER monitor, which is realized by the same hardware configuration as the above in-band OSNR monitor. The BER in the method is estimated by monitoring OSNR including nonlinear noise as noise source and taking the imperfection of Tx, Rx, and other equipment into account. Finally we develop FPGA-based optical performance monitor prototype and experimentally demonstrate successful monitoring performance.
Drain Read Disturb Assessment of NOR Flash Memory (2008)

Drain read disturb (RD) is becoming an intrinsic reliability concern for NOR flash scaling and MLC operation. A drain RD time-to-error model has been generated which takes into consideration the voltage dependence, read cycling, and Poisson random statistics. This model can be used to optimize the circuit read timing design and to assess process improvement to ensure that products meet the customer spec and lifetime usage.
Treatment-Related Risk Factors for Development of Skin Breakdown in Subjects With Acute Respiratory Failure Undergoing Noninvasive Ventilation or CPAP (2014)

In patients with ARF undergoing NIV or CPAP, oronasal mask use for > 26 h was independently associated with development of SB.
Leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 antagonizes MET receptor activation to suppress hepatocellular carcinoma vascular invasion by protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B recruitment (2013)

These findings reveal a novel, specific inhibitory function of LECT2 in HCC by the direct binding and inactivation of MET, opening a potential avenue for treating MET-related liver cancer.
Energy-dependent cell volume maintenance in UC-11MG human astrocytomas (1989)

Swelling of astrocytes in the brain is a major cause of the morbidity and mortality associated with stroke and head trauma. Using a human astrocytoma cell line (UC-11MG) as a model system, we studied cell volume changes caused by ATP depletion under conditions mimicking hypoxia. ATP levels were reduced to less than 10% of control using the metabolic inhibitors KCN or antimycin in combination with glucose deprivation. This was sufficient to eliminate ouabain-sensitive 86Rb+ uptake, indicating the Na+-K+-adenosinetriphosphatase was not operating. Furosemide-sensitive 86Rb+ uptake was reduced by approximately 60%, indicating Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransport was also sensitive to ATP loss. ATP depletion resulted in a 30-40% reduction of cell volume within 60 min. ATP depletion also resulted in a net loss of intracellular K+. This loss of K+ could be blocked by Ba2+, indicating the K+ loss was through a conductive channel. When the net K+ loss was blocked by Ba2+, the volume decrease was also prevented. The cells remained viable throughout the time period as judged by exclusion of ethidium bromide by 99% of the cells and recovery of ATP levels to 75% of control within 60 min. We conclude that ATP depletion, following inhibition of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, causes astrocytes to shrink because of a more rapid loss of K+ than uptake of Na+. Thus it appears that ATP depletion alone is not sufficient to account for the rapid phase of astrocytic swelling observed during cerebral ischemia.
Linkage Information Content (2005)

Abstract The probability of knowing IBD sharing status of relative pairs at polymorphic genetic markers is an important factor for a model‐free linkage study. Here, Linkage Information Content (LIC) value is introduced, which measures the informativeness of a marker for identity‐by‐descent (IBD) sharing status of relative pairs. LIC value is independent of the mode of inheritance of the disease, but is specific to the type of relative pairs used.