gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interference between human hepatitis A virus and an attenuated apathogenic avian virus. (1984)

The effect of an attenuated apathogenic avian bursa virus on the course of human hepatitis A viral infection was studied in marmoset monkeys. The monkeys were infected with human hepatitis A virus, then superinfected with avian bursa virus one and three weeks after initial inoculation with human hepatitis A virus. The superinfected monkeys did not show the characteristic serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) elevation. Also their liver biopsies showed no pathologic changes. The virus control animals exhibited six times higher SGPT enzyme elevation than the superinfected groups, and hepatitis was detected by histopathology. This experiment, as known to us, is the first in which a definite interference was documented using a nonpathogenic virus against a highly pathogenic and clinically significant human virus. This should be considered a successful experiment demonstrating that the use of an apathogenic virus for the cure of a virus-induced disease is a realistic possibility.
"We Know Who You Are and We Know Where You Live": The Instrumental Rationality of Geodemographic Systems (1995)

AbstractThis paper provides a critique of geodemographic systems, sophisticated marketing tools that combine massive electronic data bases on consumer characteristics and behavior, segmentation schemes, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Responsible for a “revolution” in marketing research, geodemographics represents a strategy to exercise rational knowledge-power over everyday life. This critique examines the strategic implications of each component of geodemographics, including electronic surveillance and the erosion of privacy; GIS, spatial inference, and the representation of social space; and segmentation and construction of consumer identity. The paper concludes with remarks about the role of the consumer in geodemographics and the potential for tactical resistances to its strategy.
Mapping XML documents to the object-relational form (2002)

In e-commerce, partners doing business need to exchange many forms of documents as a means of communication between them through the Internet, such as product catalogs, purchase orders, invoices and so on. XML, which is a new standard adopted by World Wide Web Consortium to complement HTML for data exchange on the Web, has been used as a language for describing those documents used in e-commerce such as in xCBL. For XML to be used effectively in e-commerce, we need a system to store XML data, retrieve the data if a request is given, create a required document based on the data, and send the created document to the partners. In this paper, we are concerned with storing XML data. We suggest a method to store XML documents in the object-relational form as an alternative to get advantages from the two approaches of object-oriented and relational table forms. We then implement it on the Oracle 8i database.
Intelligent Transportation Systems (2002)

This chapter contains the following sections: Role of ITS in Tomorrow's Transportation Systems; ITS Categories (ATMS, ATIS, AVCS, APTS, CVO, ARTS); Benefits of ITS; U.S. Federal Actions to Deliver the ITS Program; An ITS State Team Effort; Case Study-Incident Management; Sampling of U.S. Operational Tests; ITS Programs Outside the U.S. (Canada, Europe, Japan).
Automated Traffic Signal Performance Measures: Features and Applications (2019)

Automated Traffic Signal Performance Measures (ATSPMs) are a driving force to furnish traffic signal controllers with high-solution information logging abilities and use this data to produce performance measures. These measures enable traffic engineers to improve activities just as to keep up and work their frameworks in a protected and effective way. Despite the fact that these measures have changed the manner in which that administrators deal with their frameworks, a few weaknesses of the instrument are an absence of information quality control and the degree of assets required to appropriately utilize the apparatus for framework-wide administration. In this paper we will determine the level of In-Service Performance Evaluation (ISPE), which can be performed while using the existing database of roadside features, such as highway and traffic data files with maintenance records, roadside feature inventory data, and crash data with respect to existing roadside hardware categories.
An adaptive generic sorting algorithm that uses variable partitioning (2002)

Presents a generic sorting algorithm that uses divide-and-conquer in which the number of subproblems depends on the disorder of the input and for which we can establish adaptivity with respect to an abstract measure. We present applications of this generic algorithm obtaining optimal adaptivity for several specific measures of disorder. Moreover, we define a randomized version of our generic algorithm that simplifies implementations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
100 Autoren gegen Einstein (1979)

Es ist an sich nicht verwunderlich, wenn viele, die die Entwicklung der Relativitätstheorie nur in ihren ganz äußerlichen Erscheinungsformen miterlebt haben, ein ungünstiges Vorurteil gegen sie in sich aufgenommen haben. Denn es sind hier, ohne daß den Schöpfer selbst irgendeine Schuld träfe, von übereifrigen, aber nicht in gleichem Maße verständnisvollen Enthusiasten schwere taktische und Taktfehler begangen worden. Die Versuche, über die Theorien gewissermaßen die Vox populi entscheiden zu lassen, sind gottlob von verständigen Befürwortern der neuen Auffassung noch rechtzeitig abgedrosselt worden. Und auch die Taktik einzelner fanatischer wissenschaftlicher Anhänger der Einsteinschen Lehre, die Diskussion über diese durch die Drohung abzuschneiden, daß man jede, auch die gemäßigtste und gewissenhafteste Kritik als offenbaren Ausfluß von Dummheit und Bosheit diskreditieren müsse, dürfte heute endgültig verlassen sein. Aber, selbst wenn man diese Ausgeburten des „Einstein-Taumels“, die jetzt der Vergangenheit angehören, aus der Betrachtung ausschaltet, bleiben doch noch durchaus respektable Gründe für ein gewisses Unbehagen der Relativitätstheorie gegenüber bestehen: Schon die spezielle Relativitätstheorie erfordert gewisse „Sacrificia intellectus”. Vor allem den ††† Verzicht auf die strenge Feststellbarkeit der Gleichzeitigkeit NB. durchaus nicht auf den Begriff der Gleichzeitigkeit selbst! -; dies ist für manche Philosophen natürlich gleichbedeutend mit einem unsühnbaren Verbrechen gegen die ewige Unfehlbarkeit Kants, weil sie eben die Zwangsläufigkeit der Einsteinschen Absichten nicht verstehen.
Recognition of Multivalent Histone States Associated with Heterochromatin by UHRF1 Protein (2011)

Histone modifications and DNA methylation represent two layers of heritable epigenetic information that regulate eukaryotic chromatin structure and gene activity. UHRF1 is a unique factor that bridges these two layers; it is required for maintenance DNA methylation at hemimethylated CpG sites, which are specifically recognized through its SRA domain and also interacts with histone H3 trimethylated on lysine 9 (H3K9me3) in an unspecified manner. Here we show that UHRF1 contains a tandem Tudor domain (TTD) that recognizes H3 tail peptides with the heterochromatin-associated modification state of trimethylated lysine 9 and unmodified lysine 4 (H3K4me0/K9me3). Solution NMR and crystallographic data reveal the TTD simultaneously recognizes H3K9me3 through a conserved aromatic cage in the first Tudor subdomain and unmodified H3K4 within a groove between the tandem subdomains. The subdomains undergo a conformational adjustment upon peptide binding, distinct from previously reported mechanisms for dual histone mark recognition. Mutant UHRF1 protein deficient for H3K4me0/K9me3 binding shows altered localization to heterochromatic chromocenters and fails to reduce expression of a target gene, p16(INK4A), when overexpressed. Our results demonstrate a novel recognition mechanism for the combinatorial readout of histone modification states associated with gene silencing and add to the growing evidence for coordination of, and cross-talk between, the modification states of H3K4 and H3K9 in regulation of gene expression.
17.5 A 12.5GHz Fractional-N Type-I Sampling PLL Achieving 58fs Integrated Jitter (2020)

This work presents a 12.5GHz fractional-N type-I sampling PLL achieving an rms jitter of 58.2fs (integrated from 1kHz to 100MHz) at 18mW power consumption and occupying an area of 0.16mm2. A 1b TDC with a simple digital phase-error-correction (DPEC) circuit is leveraged to simultaneously (i) limit the SPD phase error with no extra quantization noise and (ii) extract a digitized version of the phase error needed for the accurate cancellation of the fractional quantization error.
Review: The Marquise of O... by Eric Rohmer (1977)

Book Review| April 01 1977 Review: The Marquise of O... by Eric Rohmer The Marquise of O...Eric Rohmer William Johnson William Johnson Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Film Quarterly (1977) 30 (3): 50–53. https://doi.org/10.2307/1211775 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation William Johnson; Review: The Marquise of O... by Eric Rohmer. Film Quarterly 1 April 1977; 30 (3): 50–53. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/1211775 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentFilm Quarterly Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1977 The Regents of the University of California Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
The Role of Type I IFNs in Influenza: Antiviral Superheroes or Immunopathogenic Villains? (2020)

The important role of interferons (IFNs) in antiviral innate immune defense is well established. Although recombinant IFN-α was approved for cancer and chronic viral infection treatment by regulatory agencies in many countries starting in 1986, no IFNs are approved for treatment of influenza A virus (IAV) infection. This is partially due to the complex effects of IFNs in acute influenza infection. IAV attacks the human respiratory system and causes significant morbidity and mortality globally. During influenza infection, depending on the strain of IAV and the individual host, type I IFNs can have protective antiviral effects or can contribute to immunopathology. In the context of virus infection, the immune system has complicated mechanisms regulating the expression and effects of type I IFN to maximize the antiviral response by both activating and enhancing beneficial innate cell function, while limiting immunopathological responses that lead to exaggerated tissue damage. In this review, we summarize the complicated, but important, role of type I IFNs in influenza infections. This includes both protective and harmful effects of these important cytokines during infection.
Can immunosuppressive drugs slow the progression of IgA nephropathy? (1995)

The role of immunosuppressive drugs in the treatment of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) remains controversial. The effect of treatment with prednisolone and azathioprine on the clinical course of patients with IgA nephropathy is described in this retrospective study. One hundred and fourteen patients, 66 treated (age 13-77 years) and 48 untreated (age 15-64 years), were evaluated. The two groups of patients differed significantly with respect to heavier proteinuria (median 3.6 g/day, range 0.2-18 g/day), lower serum albumin level (< 40 g/l) and more severe renal histopathological involvement in the treated group (P < 0.01). Oral prednisolone 40 mg/day and azathioprine 2 mg/kg BW/day was commenced initially and after gradual tapering was continued at low dose (5 mg/day) for a median duration of 24 months (range 12-98). The median duration of follow-up was 46 months (range 12-180). The clinical course was defined as progressive or non-progressive on the basis of serial serum creatinine (Scr). Of the patients who presented with renal impairment (Scr > 110 mumol/l), a non-progressive course was observed in 79.5% patients of the treated group (n = 39), while only in 36% of the untreated group (n = 22), the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Slopes of reciprocal of Scr versus time were also calculated by linear regression analysis to represent the trend of renal function for patients who had had 3 or more years follow-up (n = 101). An analysis of variance of these trends in patients with renal impairment at presentation (n = 51) showed significant recovery of renal function in the treated group (n = 33) and a decline of renal function in the untreated group (n = 18, P = 0.004). There was no significant effect of the treatment on proteinuria. The histopathological features that favoured response to the treatment were mesangial proliferation, capsular adhesions and interstitial infiltration on light-microscopy, C3 and fibrin deposits on immunofluorescence (P < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Effect of crosslinkers on photocopolymerization ofN-vinylpyrrolidone and methacrylates to give hydrogels (1997)

N-Vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) and methacrylates are frequently copolymerized to give hydrogels useful as contact lenses. However, the nature of their copolymerization was not well understood. In this study, the effect of a crosslinker on the photocopolymerization of NVP and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) was discussed. It was found that crosslinkers with a vinyl carbonate group can copolymerize with NVP better than those containing an allyl group, which, in turn, are better than those containing a methacrylate group. A crosslinker with a vinyl carbonate and a methacrylate group can copolymerize NVP and HEMA the best in terms of giving hydrogels with the highest water content, followed by a crosslinker with a combination of allyl and methacrylate groups. Crosslinkers with only methacrylate or vinyl carbonate groups gave hydrogels either too fragile or too stiff to be useful. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 66: 1475–1484, 1997
Overclock my satellite, sophisticated algorithms boost performance on the cheap (2012)

As we told the mission controllers at NASA in 2010, we’re taking this concept to a new level by improving the performance of an entire satellite. We’re not overclocking its onboard CPUs, but the idea is similar. By carefully choreographing the satellite’s movements, we can command it to do something it wasn’t originally designed to do— rotate faster. Such speedy maneuvering would allow existing imaging spacecraft, such as military and weather satellites, to more quickly capture time-sensitive events, such as the birth of a hurricane or the movement of enemy troops. And, like a savvy overclocker, we can do this without making any modifications to the hardware.
Ultrashallow, high doping of boron using molecular layer doping (1990)

A new doping method named molecular layer doping (MLD) is proposed. MLD is based on surface chemical adsorption of dissolvements from induced dopant gas molecules. Ultrashallow boron-doped layers are successfully achieved by MLD using B2 H6 gas. The p+ n junction formed by MLD exhibits excellent characteristics, with a reverse bias leakage current of less than 2.5×10−16 A/μm2 at 5 V. MLD is attractive in that it offers high-density, shallow-junction, damage-free, selective doping in a short time.
Semisyntheses, X-Ray Crystal Structures and Tubulin-Binding Properties of 7-Oxodeacetamidocolchicine and 7-Oxodeacetamidoisocolchicine (1992)

Commercially available (–)-colchicine (1) has been converted, via deacetylcolchiceine (4), into a mixture of 7-oxodeacetamidocolchicine (2) and 7-oxodeacetamidoisocolchicine (3). The X-ray structures and tubulin-binding properties of these title ketones are described.
Absorption of iron dextran from the peritoneal cavity of rats. (1995)

We investigated the absorption rate and acute toxicities of intraperitoneal iron dextran in rats. Eighteen Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups (n = 6). The animals were given standard 1.5% Dianeal (group 1) or 1.5% Dianeal containing iron in a concentration of 2 mg/L (group 2) or 10 mg/L (group 3) as iron dextran. First, a predialysis blood sample was obtained, and 25 mL of the designated dialysis solution was instilled into the peritoneal cavity. After a 6-hour cycle the dialysate was drained, and a postdialysis blood sample and specimen of the peritoneum were obtained. The iron concentrations of the dialysis solution, the dialysate, and both serum samples were determined. Histological samples were processed by hematoxylin and eosin and Prussian blue stain. Results of the iron concentration (mg/L) of the dialysis solution, the dialysate, and the percent of the absorbed iron were as follows: group 1: 0.00, 0.20 +/- 0.15, N/A; group 2: 2.24, 0.66 +/- 2.8, 73.8 +/- 11.0; group 3: 9.84, 2.12 +/- 0.62, 80.8 +/- 5.7. The serum iron concentration did not change. No abnormal findings were found histologically. More than 70% of the iron dextran was absorbed from the peritoneal cavity of the rats during a 6-hour peritoneal dialysis exchange. Intraperitoneal iron dextran may be an alternative route of iron delivery.
Identifying genetic interactions associated with late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (2014)

BCM performed well in identifying several SNPs having evidence of involvement in the pathogenesis of LOAD that would not have been identified by univariate analysis due to small main effect. These results provide support for applying BCM to identify potential genetic variants such as SNPs from high dimensional GWAS datasets.
Virtual reality, augmented reality, and robotics applied to digestive operative procedures: from in vivo animal preclinical studies to clinical use (2006)

Technological innovations of the 20<sup>th</sup> century provided medicine and surgery with new tools, among which virtual reality and robotics belong to the most revolutionary ones. Our work aims at setting up new techniques for detection, 3D delineation and 4D time follow-up of small abdominal lesions from standard mecial images (CT scsan, MRI). It also aims at developing innovative systems making tumor resection or treatment easier with the use of augmented reality and robotized systems, increasing gesture precision. It also permits a realtime great distance connection between practitioners so they can share a same 3D reconstructed patient and interact on a same patient, virtually before the intervention and for real during the surgical procedure thanks to a telesurgical robot. In preclinical studies, our first results obtained from a micro-CT scanner show that these technologies provide an efficient and precise 3D modeling of anatomical and pathological structures of rats and mice. In clinical studies, our first results show the possibility to improve the therapeutic choice thanks to a better detection and and representation of the patient before performing the surgical gesture. They also show the efficiency of augmented reality that provides virtual transparency of the patient in real time during the operative procedure. In the near future, through the exploitation of these systems, surgeons will program and check on the virtual patient clone an optimal procedure without errors, which will be replayed on the real patient by the robot under surgeon control. This medical dream is today about to become reality.
On the Line: Format, Cooking and Competition as Television Values (2013)

Through an in-depth look at the history of US food television, this essay elucidates the extent to which contemporary television relies on the structural (and narrative) logic of the format. Focusing on contemporary food television's radical evolution with the introduction of competition programmes and formats, the essay accounts for the move away from female-centred, domestic ‘How-to’ cooking programmes in favour of restaurant-set competition shows that highlight professional, high-stakes performance, criticism, stress, and risk. This shift from the aspirational aesthetics of ‘Gastro Porn’ to the psychological endurance of what I (albeit playfully) term ‘Culinary S&M’ illustrates how contemporary cooking competition programmes in the multi-platform media marketplace help re-align cultural meanings of food, pleasure, taste, identity, labour and consumption.
Definition of Events for Modem, Fax, and Text Telephony Signals (2006)

This memo updates RFC 4733 to add event codes for modem, fax, and text
telephony signals when carried in the telephony event RTP payload. It
supersedes the assignment of event codes for this purpose in RFC 2833,
and therefore obsoletes that part of RFC 2833. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
ENZYMES RELEASED FROM LEPEOPHTHEIRUS SALMONIS IN RESPONSE TO MUCUS FROM DIFFERENT SALMONIDS (2003)

Adult and mobile preadult sea lice Lepophtheirus salmonis were incubated with mucus samples from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), coho salmon (O. kisutch), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), and winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) to determine the response of L. salmonis to fish skin mucus as assessed by the release of proteases and alkaline phosphatase. There was variation in the release of respective enzymes by sea lice in response to different fish. As well, sealice collected from British Columbia responded differently than New Brunswick sea lice to coho salmon mucus. Fish mucus and seawater samples were also analyzed using protease gel zymography to observe changes in the presence of low molecular weight (LMW) proteases after L. salmonis incubation. Significantly higher proportions of sea lice secreted multiple bands of L. salmonis-derived LMW proteases after incubation with rainbow trout or Atlantic salmon mucus in comparison with seawater, coho salmon, or winter flounder mucus. Susceptibility to L. salmonis infections may be related to the stimulation of LMW proteases from L. salmonis by fish mucus. The resistance of coho salmon to L. salmonis infection may be due to agents in their mucus that block the secretion of these LMW proteases or factors may exist in the mucus of susceptible species that stimulate their release.
ETV1 directs androgen metabolism and confers aggressive prostate cancer in targeted mice and patients (2013)

Distinguishing aggressive from indolent disease and developing effective therapy for advanced disease are the major challenges in prostate cancer research. Chromosomal rearrangements involving ETS transcription factors, such as ERG and ETV1, occur frequently in prostate cancer. How they contribute to tumorigenesis and whether they play similar or distinct in vivo roles remain elusive. Here we show that in mice with ERG or ETV1 targeted to the endogenous Tmprss2 locus, either factor cooperated with loss of a single copy of Pten, leading to localized cancer, but only ETV1 appeared to support development of invasive adenocarcinoma under the background of full Pten loss. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that ERG and ETV1 control a common transcriptional network but largely in an opposing fashion. In particular, while ERG negatively regulates the androgen receptor (AR) transcriptional program, ETV1 cooperates with AR signaling by favoring activation of the AR transcriptional program. Furthermore, we found that ETV1 expression, but not that of ERG, promotes autonomous testosterone production. Last, we confirmed the association of an ETV1 expression signature with aggressive disease and poorer outcome in patient data. The distinct biology of ETV1-associated prostate cancer suggests that this disease class may require new therapies directed to underlying programs controlled by ETV1.