gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Straightforward Synthesis of Enantiopure 2,3-Dihydrobenzofurans by a Sequential Stereoselective Biotransformation and Chemical Intramolecular Cyclization (2010)

A new family of optically active 2,3-dihydrobenzofurans has been prepared by a simple chemoenzymatic asymmetric strategy. This synthetic approach is based on the combination of a lipase-mediated kinetic resolution of 1-aryl-2-propanols or bioreduction of the corresponding ketones followed by an intramolecular cyclization reaction. These novel compounds have been prepared in enantiopure form and in good overall yield through a straightforward route.
Hydronephrosis in a series of 3,400 post-mortem examinations in Zambia, with special reference to Bilharharzia. (1976)

An analysis of forty-two cases of hydronephrosis occurring in a series of 3,400 post mortem examinations (1.2%) shows that bilharzia could not be regarded as a cause of death in any of them. This is evident in thirty of the cases, since bilharzial lesions were not present in these. In the other twelve cases in which bilharzial lesions were present major obstructive diseases (carcinoma of bladder, prostatic obstruction) sufficiently accounted for the hydronephrosis in six cases. This leaves six cases, none of them severe, in which bilharziasis might have played a part, though other causes such as congenital ureteric constrictions cannot be excluded: This type of lesion was present to the same extent in the non-bilharzial as in the bilharzial group of hydronephrosis. It may be concluded that in Zambia at any rate bilharzia does not seriously contribute to advanced hydronephrosis, but may be responsible for some mild, symptomless forms of the disease.
Design of a microphone array for headsets (2004)

The paper concerns the design of fixed-weight array processing for a short-boom headset. The fact that the microphone array is placed near the head and in the near-field of the mouth are taken into account. Part of the work is a simulation study based on a numerical model of the sound field around a sphere, which models the human head. These results are compared with measurements taken on a B&K HATS, with good agreement.
Solid supported platinum(0) nanoparticles catalyzed chemo-selective reduction of nitroarenes to N-arylhydroxylamines (2013)

Solid supported platinum(0) (SS-Pt) nanoparticles were developed as a heterogeneous catalyst following a reduction/deposition method and characterized by SEM, TEM, EDX and XRD analysis. The SS-Pt catalyst was applied in the chemo-selective reduction of nitroarenes to N-arylhydroxylamines using hydrazine hydrate as a hydrogen source. A wide variety of reducible functional groups such as halides, carboxylic acids, esters, amides, nitriles, keto, alkenes, alkynes and N-benzyl were well tolerated under the reaction conditions. This process was further successfully employed in 10 g scale reactions. N-Arylhydroxylamines were further applied for catalyst free synthesis of azoxybenzenes. Moreover, use of PEG-400 as cheap reaction medium, additive free methodology and the recyclability of SS-Pt catalyst up to ten times without significant loss of catalytic activity evidently follow the principles of green chemistry.
An acoustic wave equation for anisotropic media (2000)

Abstract A wave equation, derived using the acoustic medium assumption for P-waves in transversely isotropic (TI) media with a vertical symmetry axis (VTI media), yields a good kinematic approximation to the familiar elastic wave equation for VTI media. The wavefield solutions obtained using this VTI acoustic wave equation are free of shear waves, which significantly reduces the computation time compared to the elastic wavefield solutions for exploding-reflector type applications. From this VTI acoustic wave equation, the eikonal and transport equations that describe the ray theoretical aspects of wave propagation in a TI medium are derived. These equations, based on the acoustic assumption (shear wave velocity = 0), are much simpler than their elastic counterparts, yet they yield an accurate description of traveltimes and geometrical amplitudes. Numerical examples prove the usefulness of this acoustic equation in simulating the kinematic aspects of wave propagation in complex TI models.
Class I-induced resistance to natural killing: identification of nonpermissive residues in HLA-A2. (1991)

Structural characteristics of major histocompatibility complex class I antigens associated with natural killer (NK)-resistance phenomena were examined. Previous research has shown that transfection of class I genomic DNA clones into class I-deficient, NK-sensitive target cell lines results in transfectants exhibiting class I+, NK-resistant phenotypes. In contrast to the HLA-A3, -B7, -B27, and -Bw58 class I molecules, the HLA-A2 class I molecules were shown not to protect target cells from NK activity. Here we show that this nonprotective phenotype maps to the alpha 1 domain of the HLA-A2 molecule by examining the NK-protective capacity of the natural interdomain recombinant HLA-Aw69 molecule. HLA-Aw69, which consists of an alpha 1 domain exhibiting homology with HLA-Aw68, and alpha 2/alpha 3/transmembrane-cytoplasmic domains, exhibiting homologies with HLA-A2, mimics HLA-Aw68 and provides HLA-A,B null target cell (C1R) transfectants with increased resistance to NK. Further, the inability of transfected HLA-A2 to confer protection against NK activity can be completely attributed to the expression of a "nonpermissive" residue at position 74 in the alpha 1 domain. Site-directed mutation of the His-74 residue in HLA-A2 to the Asp-74 (HLA-A3, -Aw68, -Aw69, -B7) residue generates a mutant that provides C1R cell line transfectants an NK-resistant phenotype. As His-74 blocks access to a side pocket in the HLA-A2 antigen-binding cleft, these results support the critical involvement of residues within the peptide-binding groove of class I molecules in determining the NK susceptibility phenotype of class I+ target cells.
Modification of poly(<scp>L</scp>‐lactides) by blending: mechanical and hydrolytic behavior (1996)

Abstract Two different poly( L ‐lactides) (PLLAb and PLLAa) were blended with poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) and an elastic poly(ε‐caprolactone/L‐lactide) P(CL/L‐LA) copolymer to modify the mechanical properties of PLLA. Blends of both PLLAs with 20 wt.‐% of PCL were prepared. PLLAa was blended with 20 wt.‐% of P(CL/L‐LA) copolymer, and blends of PLLAb and P(CL/L‐LA) copolymer were made with copolymer contents of 5, 10, 20 and 30 wt.‐%. The tensile properties and impact and shear strengths were determined as a measure of the mechanical properties. The hydrolytic behavior of the blends was investigated, and the changes in shear strength as a function of hydrolysis were followed. The structure of the hydrolyzed samples was studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The properties of PLLA changed considerably when blended with PCL or P(CL/L‐LA) copolymer. An increasing amount of copolymer in PLLAb decreased tensile modulus and shear strength, but improved the strain and impact strength. In hydrolysis, blends containing PLLAa degraded slower than blends of PLLAb because of the higher initial molar mass and purity of PLLAa. The molar masses of PLLAb blends decreased dramatically, and less than 10% of the initial molar masses and shear strengths were left after 12 weeks in vitro . The morphology of the blends affected the degradation. The blends containing P(CL/L‐LA) copolymer had a porous structure which facilitated water absorption into the blend.
A Particle System for Interactive Visualization of 3D Flows (2005)

We present a particle system for interactive visualization of steady 3D flow fields on uniform grids. For the amount of particles we target, particle integration needs to be accelerated and the transfer of these sets for rendering must be avoided. To fulfill these requirements, we exploit features of recent graphics accelerators to advect particles in the graphics processing unit (GPU), saving particle positions in graphics memory, and then sending these positions through the GPU again to obtain images in the frame buffer. This approach allows for interactive streaming and rendering of millions of particles and it enables virtual exploration of high resolution fields in a way similar to real-world experiments. The ability to display the dynamics of large particle sets using visualization options like shaded points or oriented texture splats provides an effective means for visual flow analysis that is far beyond existing solutions. For each particle, flow quantities like vorticity magnitude and wavelength2 are computed and displayed. Built upon a previously published GPU implementation of a sorting network, visibility sorting of transparent particles is implemented. To provide additional visual cues, the GPU constructs and displays visualization geometry like particle lines and stream ribbons.
Discovering advantageous potential of Economy of Chain supply chains: A concept to extend Industrial Symbiosis (2015)

This report provides an analysis of competitive advantages for a new way of producing and supplying chemicals in a concept called Economy of Chain (EoC). By applying this concept existing supply chain architecture is transformed. Economy of Chain is a modular production concept, with the help of process intensified equipment the reactor sizes are reduced and ideally a whole factory can fit into just one shipping container. Within the Economy of Chain different container factories can be operated in series and build a local production network (LPN). The small size of the factory allow the network to be mobile, the network could be sited at the demand site (customer based) or at the supply site (supplier based).
Batch Atomic Layer Deposition of HfO2 and ZrO2 Films Using Cyclopentadienyl Precursors (2008)

Thermal ALD deposition of ZrO2 and HfO2 films has been performed in the ASM A412(TM) 300mm vertical furnace using bis-cyclopentadienyl precursors. Due to the long precursor residence time and high surface area to be covered in a batch reactor, the thermal stability and volatility of the precursor is of critical importance. Evaluation of the thermal stability of the precursor was done by depositing on high surface area silica powder and then NMR studies were employed to evaluate precursor reactivity. The first deposition studies were in single wafer reactors to assess the viability for scale-up to batch processing. The deposition studies performed have shown that the family of bis-cyclopentadienyl precursors has demonstrated sufficient thermal stability to successfully achieve ALD films which meet deposition requirements in batch reactors for capacitor dielectrics in memory devices.
α<sub>1E</sub>Subunits Form the Pore of Three Cerebellar R-Type Calcium Channels with Different Pharmacological and Permeation Properties (2000)

R-type Ca(2+) channels cooperate with P/Q- and N-type channels to control neurotransmitter release at central synapses. The leading candidate as pore-forming subunit of R-type channels is the alpha(1E) subunit. However, R-type Ca(2+) currents with permeation and/or pharmacological properties different from those of recombinant Ca(2+) channels containing alpha(1E) subunits have been described, and therefore the molecular nature of R-type Ca(2+) channels remains not completely settled. Here, we show that the R-type Ca(2+) current of rat cerebellar granule cells consists of two components inhibited with different affinity by the alpha(1E) selective antagonist SNX482 (IC(50) values of 6 and 81 nM) and a third component resistant to SNX482. The SNX482-sensitive R-type current shows the unique permeation properties of recombinant alpha(1E) channels; it is larger with Ca(2+) than with Ba(2+) as charge carrier, and it is highly sensitive to Ni(2+) block and has a voltage-dependence of activation consistent with that of G2 channels with unitary conductance of 15 pS. On the other hand, the SNX482-resistant R-type current shows permeation properties similar to those of recombinant alpha(1A) and alpha(1B) channels; it is larger with Ba(2+) than with Ca(2+) as charge carrier(,) and it has a low sensitivity to Ni(2+) block and a voltage-dependence of activation consistent with that of G3 channels with unitary conductance of 20 pS. Gene-specific knock-down by antisense oligonucleotides demonstrates that the different cerebellar R-type channels are all encoded by the alpha(1E) gene, suggesting the existence of alpha(1E) isoforms with different pore properties.
Active shape control of a deformable mirror in an adaptive optics system (2002)

A new control methodology for active shape control of dynamic flexible structures is presented. This method is based on the direct optimal control approach developed for discrete systems. In this method, the algebraic equations of motion of a flexible structure are derived and used for the controller design. The algebraic optimal control laws are derived in an explicit form for a general time varying distributed parameter system with piezoelectric inclusions. The essence of the approach is based on using space-time assumed mode expansions of the generalized coordinates and inputs, which is a Rayleigh-Ritz method extended to both space and time dimensions in conjunction with variational work-energy principles that govern the physical system. An optimal tracking controller was designed for shaping the surface of the deformable mirror used in an adaptive optics system. The desired surface trajectory (over time) can be supplied analytically. This data is curve fitted for direct use. One feature of this method is that it accommodates the dynamic behavior of the structure instead of considering only the static shape control.
Clathrin-nanoparticles deliver BDNF to hippocampus and enhance neurogenesis, synaptogenesis and cognition in HIV/neuroAIDS mouse model (2022)

Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promotes the growth, differentiation, maintenance and survival of neurons. These attributes make BDNF a potentially powerful therapeutic agent. However, its charge, instability in blood, and poor blood brain barrier (BBB) penetrability have impeded its development. Here, we show that engineered clathrin triskelia (CT) conjugated to BDNF (BDNF-CT) and delivered intranasally increased hippocampal BDNF concentrations 400-fold above that achieved previously with intranasal BDNF alone. We also show that BDNF-CT targeted Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) and increased TrkB expression and downstream signaling in iTat mouse brains. Mice were induced to conditionally express neurotoxic HIV Transactivator-of-Transcription (Tat) protein that decreases BDNF. Down-regulation of BDNF is correlated with increased severity of HIV/neuroAIDS. BDNF-CT enhanced neurorestorative effects in the hippocampus including newborn cell proliferation and survival, granule cell neurogenesis, synaptogenesis and increased dendritic integrity. BDNF-CT exerted cognitive-enhancing effects by reducing Tat-induced learning and memory deficits. These results show that CT bionanoparticles efficiently deliver BDNF to the brain, making them potentially powerful tools in regenerative medicine.
Stick-slip friction and wear of articular joints (2013)

Stick-slip friction was observed in articular cartilage under certain loading and sliding conditions and systematically studied. Using the Surface Forces Apparatus, we show that stick-slip friction can induce permanent morphological changes (a change in the roughness indicative of wear/damage) in cartilage surfaces, even under mild loading and sliding conditions. The different load and speed regimes can be represented by friction maps--separating regimes of smooth and stick-slip sliding; damage generally occurs within the stick-slip regimes. Prolonged exposure of cartilage surfaces to stick-slip sliding resulted in a significant increase of surface roughness, indicative of severe morphological changes of the cartilage superficial zone. To further investigate the factors that are conducive to stick-slip and wear, we selectively digested essential components of cartilage: type II collagen, hyaluronic acid (HA), and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Compared with the normal cartilage, HA and GAG digestions modified the stick-slip behavior and increased surface roughness (wear) during sliding, whereas collagen digestion decreased the surface roughness. Importantly, friction forces increased up to 2, 10, and 5 times after HA, GAGs, and collagen digestion, respectively. Also, each digestion altered the friction map in different ways. Our results show that (i) wear is not directly related to the friction coefficient but (ii) more directly related to stick-slip sliding, even when present at small amplitudes, and that (iii) the different molecular components of joints work synergistically to prevent wear. Our results also suggest potential noninvasive diagnostic tools for sensing stick-slip in joints.
Metabolism of fenvalerate by resistant Colorado potato beetles (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetabolism of fenvalerate by resistant Colorado potato beetlesDavid M. Soderlund, Carabelle W. Hessney, and Mugeng JiangCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1987, 35, 1, 100–105Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1987https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00073a023RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views49Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (795 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
High-speed compressed sensing reconstruction on FPGA using OMP and AMP (2012)

Compressed sensing allows to reconstruct sparse signals sampled at sub-Nyquist rates. However, reconstruction of the original signal requires high computational effort, even for problems of moderate size. Especially for applications with real-time requirements, software realizations are not fast enough. We therefore present generic high-speed FPGA implementations of two fast reconstruction algorithms: orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) and approximate message passing (AMP). Our implementations also support less sparse signals, which makes them suitable for, e.g., image reconstruction. The two implementations are optimized for highly parallel processing on FPGAs and have similar hardware structures, which allows comparisons in terms of resource usage and performance.
VOZ POÉTICA FEMININA NA ERA BLOG: "OS CASOS DA MARIA CLARA" (2011)

ABSTRACT: This article talks about the female contemporary poetry, specifically in the era of blogs. It explores the idea that female poetry, in the contemporary production, surpasses the value of phallocentric tradition and religious mysticism that previously contributed to suffocate voices, referring women, as for their practices of reading and writing, the expansion of a silent poetry. This text develops some elements of the current female creation, placing poetry written by women in the virtual world defined by the diversity of environment, theme and languages. Thus, this paper presents data from a literary experience on the internet by twelve writers from all over Brazil. They differ in their professional and educational daily practices. Once the article discusses the multiplicity of forms of contemporary poetics on feminine writing production, it presents the case study “Maria Clara: universos femininos” - a collection born in a new genre and context -, in the realm of gender and poetry. KEYWORKS: Gender and poetry. Era blog. Maria Clara: uniVersos femininos.
Rapamycin Inhibits the Growth and Metastatic Progression of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (2004)

The immunosuppressive macrolide rapamycin but not cyclosporine prevents the growth and metastatic progression of NSCLC. A rapamycin-based immunosuppressive regimen may be of value in recipients of allografts.
Inhibition of a Mitotic Motor Compromises the Formation of Dendrite-like Processes from Neuroblastoma Cells (1997)

Microtubules in the axon are uniformly oriented, while microtubules in the dendrite are nonuniformly oriented. We have proposed that these distinct microtubule polarity patterns may arise from a redistribution of molecular motor proteins previously used for mitosis of the developing neuroblast. To address this issue, we performed studies on neuroblastoma cells that undergo mitosis but also generate short processes during interphase. Some of these processes are similar to axons with regard to their morphology and microtubule polarity pattern, while others are similar to dendrites. Treatment with cAMP or retinoic acid inhibits cell division, with the former promoting the development of the axon-like processes and the latter promoting the development of the dendrite-like processes. During mitosis, the kinesin-related motor termed CHO1/MKLP1 is localized within the spindle midzone where it is thought to transport microtubules of opposite orientation relative to one another. During process formation, CHO1/ MKLP1 becomes concentrated within the dendrite-like processes but is excluded from the axon-like processes. The levels of CHO1/MKLP1 increase in the presence of retinoic acid but decrease in the presence of cAMP, consistent with a role for the protein in dendritic differentiation. Moreover, treatment of the cultures with antisense oligonucleotides to CHO1/MKLP1 compromises the formation of the dendrite-like processes. We speculate that a redistribution of CHO1/MKLP1 is required for the formation of dendrite-like processes, presumably by establishing their characteristic nonuniform microtubule polarity pattern.
Substrate‐Specific Catalysis by Ion Pairs (1993)

Rate accelerations up to 400-fold are observed for the reaction of amine 1 with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene in CHCl3 to give 3 when simple ion pairs like tetrabutylammonium tosylate (or benzylate) are added. The exact reaction mechanism is not yet known.
Synthesis of New Chiral C2-Symmetrical Bis(oxazoline )Compounds (2003)

New chiral C2-symmetrical bis(oxazoline) compounds bearing one isobutyl-, secbutyl-, benzyl- or isopropyl-substituent at the 4-position have been prepared and characterized.