gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the low-molecular-mass proteins of virulent Treponema pallidum (1994)

We previously demonstrated that Treponema pallidum cells incubated in vitro in the presence of heat-inactivated normal rabbit serum (HINRS) synthesize, in very small quantities, several pathogen-specific, low-molecular-mass proteins that appear to be localized extracellularly. In this study, we have taken advantage of our ability to metabolically radiolabel T. pallidum cells to high specific activity to further characterize these antigens. We found that the low-molecular-mass proteins are not related to the 15- and 17-kDa detergent-phase proteins (J. D. Radolf, N. R. Chamberlain, A. Clausell, and M. V. Norgard, Infect. Immun. 56:490-498, 1988). The low-molecular-mass proteins did not incorporate 3H-labeled fatty acids and were not precipitated by rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies directed against glutathione S-transferase fusions to the nonlipidated 15- and 17-kDa proteins. We prepared polyclonal antisera to the low-molecular-mass proteins by immunizing two rabbits with the concentrated supernatant of T. pallidum cells. IgG antibodies present in the sera of both rabbits precipitated a 21.5-kDa protein from solubilized extracts of T. pallidum supernatant and cells. IgG antibodies in the serum of the second rabbit precipitated an additional 15.5-kDa low-molecular-mass protein only from solubilized extracts of supernatant. While investigating the effect of eliminating HINRS from the extraction medium, we observed that the low-molecular-mass proteins remained associated with treponemal cells that were incubated in the absence of HINRS. These proteins could be eluted from the cells by the addition of HINRS or rabbit serum albumin, suggesting that they are located on or near the treponemal cell surface. The 15.5- and 21.5-kDa low-molecular-mass proteins were not washed off treponemal cells with buffer containing 1 M KCl. Experiments employing selective solubilization of the T. pallidum outer membrane with 0.1% Triton X-114 and proteinase K accessibility indicated that the 15.5-kDa protein, but not the 21.5-kDa protein, is cell surface exposed.
Programmable Modulation for High-Capacity Networks (2011)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. Eiselt, B. Teipen, K. Grobe, A. Autenrieth, and J. Elbers, "Programmable Modulation for High-Capacity Networks," in 37th European Conference and Exposition on Optical Communications, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2011), paper Tu.5.A.5. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
N‐succinimidyl propionate: Characterisation and optimum conditions for use as a tritium labelling reagent for proteins (1983)

Abstract N‐Succinimidyl propionate [NSP] was synthesised and characterised as a pale yellow waxy solid. Rates of hydrolysis in buffers range pH 5–9 were determined. Optimum conditions for reaction with lysine were within the range pH 7 to 8. A protein, wheat germ agglutinin was labelled at pH 7.5 at room temperature for two hours. Rates of reaction of other substrates under these conditions were investigated.
Evaluation of Outcome of Intravenous Catheter-related Infections in Critically Ill Patients (2000)

Fifty-seven patients developed an episode of catheter-related infection (CRI) in the bloodstream during their stay in the intensive care unit (cases) and were prospectively observed to establish the attributable mortality, increase in length of stay, and excess costs. Costs were estimated by multiplying the number of excess days of stay by the reimbursement provided. The outcomes for these cases were compared with those for matched control subjects without CRI. Eight cases were excluded as no control was found. Of the 49 cases, 31 were coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS). The level of severity was similar for both groups (APACHE II 15.5 +/- 7. 2 versus 15.2 +/- 7.3). There were no significant differences (p > 0. 20) in the mortality observed in the hospital for the cases (22.4%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.3% to 34.9%) and the control subjects (34.7%, 95% CI 21.2% to 40.1%). Among the survivors, the hospital stay was increased by 19.6 d (95% CI -1.1; 40.4). This represents an added cost of 3,124 Euros per episode of CRI among the survivors. In conclusion, our cohort study failed to show a difference in attributable mortality due to CRI in intensive care unit patients. Nevertheless, these infections lead to an increase in hospital stay of approximately 20 d. Each episode of CRI represents an additional cost of more than 3,000 Euros.
Universal Aging Features in the Restructuring of Fractal Colloidal Gels (2000)

We use multispeckle dynamic light scattering to measure the dynamic structure factor, f(q,tau), of gels formed by aggregation of colloids. Although the gel is an elastic solid, f(q,tau) nearly completely decays on long time scales, with an unusual form, f(q, tau) approximately exp{-(tau/tau(f))(mu)}, with mu approximately 1.5 and with tau(f) proportional variant q(-1). A model for restructuring of the gel with aging correctly accounts for this behavior. Aging leads to a dramatic increase in tau(f); however, all data can be scaled on a single master curve, with tau(f) asymptotically growing linearly with age. This behavior is strikingly similar to that predicted for aging in disordered glassy systems, offering convincing proof of the universality of these concepts.
Action of thyroid hormones at the cellular level: the mitochondrial target (1999)

Thyroid hormones exert profound effects on the energy metabolism. An inspection of the early and more recent literature shows that several targets at the cellular level have been identified. Since their effects on the nuclear signalling pathway have already been well-defined and extensively reviewed, this article focuses on the regulation of mitochondrial activity by thyroid hormones. Mitochondria, by virtue of their biochemical functions, are a natural candidate as a direct target for the calorigenic effects of thyroid hormones. To judge from results coming from various laboratories, it is quite conceivable that mitochondrial activities are regulated both directly and indirectly. Not only triiodo-L-thyronine, but also diiodothyronines are active in regulating the energy metabolism. They influence the resting metabolism in rats with 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine seeming to show a clearer effect.
Electroosomotic Removal of Gasoline Hydrocarbons and TCE From Clay (1992)

This laboratory study examines the application of electroosmosis (EO) for removal of hydrocarbons from clay. EO mobilization is conducted in 7.62‐cm inside diameter (id) glass columns containing 30.48 cm of clay and tap water electrolyte. Iron electrodes are used to impress a 0.4‐volt/cm DC electrical gradient. Destructive sampling of columns following various periods of EO treatment results in breakthrough curves describing relative hydrocarbon contaminant mobilization. EO flushing of dissolved organic chemicals in fine‐grained soils can be predicted using traditional contaminant‐transport equations, which incorporate advection, dispersion, and adsorption. Chemicals with relatively high water solubilities and low distribution coefficients (i.e., benzene, toluene, trichloroethylene (TCE), and m‐xylene) are easily removed from Kaolin by EO. Chemicals with a low water solubility and high distribution coefficient (i.e., hexane and isooctane) are transported from the clay at a slower rate. EO has the potential to remove hydrocarbons from fine‐grained soils. Additional laboratory‐ and bench‐scale studies will be needed before the feasibility of the technique in field applications can be determined.
Tolerable Hearing-Aid Delays: IV. Effects on Subjective Disturbance During Speech Production by Hearing-Impaired Subjects (2005)

The results follow a pattern similar to those presented in , obtained using a simulation of hearing loss and normally hearing subjects, except for the nonmonotonic variation of disturbance with low-frequency hearing loss. We hypothesize that disturbance is maximal when the levels in the ear canal of the low-frequency components are similar for the unaided and aided sounds. A rating of 3, which is probably just acceptable, was obtained for delays ranging from 14 to 30 msec, depending on the hearing loss. Some acclimatization to the subjective disturbance occurred over a time scale of about 1 hour.
Electrochemical Studies of Triethylammonium Dichlorocuprate(I), A Room Temperature Fused Salt (1980)

Density, conductivity, and viscosity data are reported in the 25°–50°C range for the neat liquid and for solutions containing and . The Walden product of the room temperature fused salt is not much lower than that of a molten alkali metal halide. A relation proposed by Frenkel,, is followed closely by triethylammonium dichlorocuprate (I) and by solutions containing and . The electrode was found usable as a reference electrode. A solution of in has an absorption maximum at 402 nm . Spectrophotometric studies in an optically transparent gold minigrid electrode cell are reported. Potentiometric data from this and from a , cell show approximate Nernstian behavior. Overpotential‐current studies permit calculation of the exchange current density at each of the above electrode interfaces. Anodic and cathodic current‐voltage plots obtained with a platinum working electrode in neat in the region of the Cu(I)/Cu(II) redox couple have a remarkable appearance. They resemble a conventional cyclic voltammogram of a dilute solution even though the electrode reaction involves a constituent ion of the solvent itself. This is due to formation of a viscous film of the anodic product on the electrode surface. Practical development of galvanic cells based on electrolytes is limited by their high internal resistance.
FORTRAN program for predicting off-design performance of radial-inflow turbines (1975)

The FORTRAN IV program uses a one-dimensional solution of flow conditions through the turbine along the mean streamline. The program inputs needed are the design-point requirements and turbine geometry. The output includes performance and velocity-diagram parameters over a range of speed and pressure ratio. Computed performance is compared with the experimental data from two radial-inflow turbines and with the performance calculated by a previous computer program. The flow equations, program listing, and input and output for a sample problem are given.
Cleavage of halogenobenzophenones by potassamide in ammonia; new routes to xanthen- and thioxanthen-9-ones (1975)

Treatment with potassamide in ammonia cleaved 2-chloro-4′-methoxy- and -4′-methylthio-benzophenones to give 4-methoxy- and 4-methylthio-benzoic acids respectively, but 2-chloro-4′-hydroxybenzophenone was largely unchanged. Similar treatment of 2′-fluoro-2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzophenone gave mainly 2-methyl-xanthen-9-one; the 2′-chloro- and 2′-bromo-analogues gave the xanthenone and the corresponding 2′-aminobenzophenone. 3′-Fluoro-2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzophenone was largely unchanged under these conditions, but the 3′-chloro- and 3′-bromo-analogues gave 2-methylxanthen-9-one and the corresponding 3′-aminobenzophenone. 2-Methylthioxanthen-9-one was prepared by two routes: (i) from 2-chlorobenzoyl chloride, 4-methylthiotoluene, and aluminium chloride; and (ii) from 3′-chloro-5-methyl-2-methylthiobenzophenone and potassamide in ammonia.
Balancing Push and Pull for Efficient Information Discovery in Large-Scale Sensor Networks (2007)

In this paper, we investigate efficient strategies for supporting on-demand information dissemination and gathering in large-scale wireless sensor networks. In particular, we propose a "comb-needle" discovery support model resembling an ancient method: use a comb to help find a needle in sand or a haystack. The model combines push and pull for information dissemination and gathering. The push component features data duplication in a linear neighborhood of each node. The pull component features a dynamic formation of an on-demand routing structure resembling a comb. The comb-needle model enables us to investigate the cost of a spectrum of push and pull combinations for supporting query and discovery in large-scale sensor networks. Our result shows that the optimal routing structure depends on the frequency of query occurrence and the spatial-temporal frequency of related events in the network. The benefit of balancing push and pull for information discovery is demonstrated
Slot waveguides with polycrystalline silicon for electrical injection (2009)

We demonstrate horizontal slot waveguides using high-index layers of polycrystalline and single crystalline silicon separated by a 10 nm layer of silicon dioxide. We measure waveguide propagation loss of 7 dB/cm and a ring resonator intrinsic quality factor of 83,000. The electric field of the optical mode is strongly enhanced in the low-index oxide layer, which can be used to induce a strong modal gain when an active material is embedded in the slot. Both high-index layers are made of electrically conductive silicon which can efficiently transport charge to the slot region. The incorporation of conductive silicon materials with high-Q slot waveguide cavities is a key step for realizing electrical tunneling devices such as electrically pumped silicon-based light sources.
ChemInform Abstract: A Structure‐Activity Relationship Study of Benzylic Modifications of 4‐ (1‐(1‐Naphthyl)ethyl)‐1H‐imidazoles on α1‐ and α2‐ Adrenergic Receptors. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Protein kinase C-dependent and Ca2+-dependent mechanisms of secretion from streptolysin O-permeabilized platelets: effects of leakage of cytosolic proteins (1997)

Human platelets containing dense granules labelled with 5-hydroxy[14C]tryptamine ([14C]5-HT) were permeabilized by exposure to streptolysin O (SLO) in the presence of 4 mM [gamma-32P]ATP. Addition of either 100 nM phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or of Ca2+ (pCa 5) at the same time as SLO induced secretion of dense-granule [14C]5-HT and the phosphorylation of pleckstrin by protein kinase C (PKC). Ca2+ also induced phosphorylation of myosin P-light chains. Guanosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTP[S], 100 microM) did not stimulate secretion from SLO-permeabilized platelets in the absence of Ca2+ (pCa>9), but greatly potentiated secretion in the presence of low PMA (10 nM) or low Ca2+ (pCa 6). However, GTP[S] did stimulate myosin P-light-chain phosphorylation in the absence of Ca2+, an effect that was associated with morphological changes, including granule centralization. Inhibition of PKC and of pleckstrin phosphorylation by Ro 31-8220 blocked secretion induced by PMA or by GTP[S] and PMA in the absence of Ca2+, but did not prevent the GTP[S]-induced phosphorylation of myosin P-light chains or secretion induced by Ca2+ at pCa 5. When the time period between exposure of platelets to SLO and challenge at pCa>9 with PMA or with GTP[S] and PMA was increased, there were rapid and parallel decreases in the secretion and pleckstrin phosphorylation responses, which were lost after 3-5 min. In contrast, the responsiveness of secretion to Ca2+ (pCa 5) or to GTP[S] and Ca2+ (pCa 6) persisted for at least 10 min after exposure of platelets to SLO, although the ability of pleckstrin to undergo phosphorylation was still lost after 3-5 min. Both PKC and pleckstrin were undetectable within platelets after 5 min exposure to SLO. The results suggest that the loss of responsiveness to PMA or to GTP[S] and PMA is attributable to the leakage of PKC (and possibly pleckstrin) from the platelets, whereas secretion stimulated by Ca2+ or by GTP[S] and Ca2+ utilizes membrane-associated Ca2+- and GTP-binding proteins and occurs independently of PKC activation.
NITRIC OXIDE IN ATHEROSCLEROSIS: VASCULAR PROTECTOR OR VILLAIN? (1998)

1. Nitric oxide (NO) has important roles in physiological vasodilatation, cytotoxicity and vascular disease. Nitric oxide and prostacyclin (PGI2), both released from the endothelium, act synergistically to inhibit platelet aggregation and adhesion. These autacoids also inhibit the adhesion and migration of leucocytes and, in some arteries, they synergize in terms of vasodilation. 2. The development of atherosclerosis and hyperlipaemia per se is accompanied by impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilation. 3. Atherosclerosis is associated with marked changes in the activity of isoforms of NO synthase (NOS) in the artery wall, including increased expression of the NOS2 (inducible) isoform in complex human lesions as well as in the neointima of experimental animal models. 4. Failure of NO release from the endothelium with normal physiological stimuli, which has been attributed to a defect in the operation of the endothelial NOS (NOS3), provides conditions propitious for leucocyte adhesion, vasospasm, thrombosis and, in addition, may promote increased proliferation of intimal cells. 5. Nitric oxide and superoxide anions generated by inflammatory cells in atherosclerosis react to form cytodestructive peroxynitrite radicals, potentially causing injury to the endothelium and myocytes, and this may be a factor in apoptosis of cells leading to plaque rupture. 6. We have been able to reverse these NO defects with therapeutic agents, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, antagonists of platelet-activating factor and NO donor compounds, all offering promise in protecting against some manifestations of vascular disease.
Superconducting nanowire single photon detector at 532 nm and demonstration in satellite laser ranging (2016)

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) at a wavelength of 532 nm were designed and fabricated aiming to satellite laser ranging (SLR) applications. The NbN SNSPDs were fabricated on one-dimensional photonic crystals with a sensitive-area diameter of 42 μm. The devices were coupled with multimode fiber (ϕ = 50 μm) and exhibited a maximum system detection efficiency of 75% at an extremely low dark count rate of <0.1 Hz. An SLR experiment using an SNSPD at a wavelength of 532 nm was successfully demonstrated. The results showed a depth ranging with a precision of ~8.0 mm for the target satellite LARES, which is ~3,000 km away from the ground ranging station at the Sheshan Observatory.
Solid‐State Synthesis of ZnO Nanostructures for Quasi‐Solid Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells with High Efficiencies up to 6.46% (2013)

Solid-state synthesis of ZnO nanostructured building blocks is presented in this work for the fabrication of high efficiency quasi-solid dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The sponge-like photoanode has high optical density and better connections. Baking the photoanode at low temperature, photoconversion efficiencies of up to 6.46% are yielded by the quasi-solid DSSCs. Furthermore, we demonstrate better stability of our ZnO quasi-solid DSSCs.
End-to-end correlated subgap states in hybrid nanowires (2019)

End-to-end correlated bound states are investigated in superconductor-semiconductor hybrid nanowires at zero magnetic field. Peaks in subgap conductance are independently identified from each wire end, and a cross-correlation function is computed that counts end-to-end coincidences, averaging over thousands of subgap features. Strong correlations in a short, 300-nm device are reduced by a factor of 4 in a long, 900-nm device. In addition, subgap conductance distributions are investigated, and correlations between the left and right distributions are identified based on their mutual information.
Mixed and natural convection heat transfer in a two-dimensional (2023)

In this work the numerical solution of three cases of flow in a two-dimensional square cavity filled with air is presented.Case 1 corresponds to the problem of mixed flow with the upper wall at a constant speed and the other three walls fixed, the temperature of the moving wall is constant and greater than the lower wall, the other two vertical walls remain thermally insulated; Case 2 is similar to Case 1, but considering the four walls are fixed and the bottom wall is the hot one, and in Case 3 all 4 walls are fixed, one vertical wall is kept at a constant higher temperature than the opposite vertical wall , and the other two horizontal walls are thermally insulated.The solution of the equations of conservation of mass, momentum and energy is done with the free software OpenFOAM.The results are compared with those reported in the bibliography, obtaining satisfactory results.
Sources of bias in measures of allele-specific expression derived from RNA-seq data aligned to a single reference genome (2013)

After aligning sequence reads to a single reference genome, excluding differentiating sites with at least as many neighboring differentiating sites as the number of mismatches allowed, imperfect mappability, and/or an indel(s) nearby resulted in measures of allelic abundance comparable to those derived from aligning sequence reads to both parental genomes.
Structure and morphology of Mg–Al–Fe‐mixed oxides derivedfrom layered double hydroxides (2008)

The influences of the nature and the extent of M(III) ion substitution on the structure, morphology and surface properties of layered double hydroxides, LDHs [Mg(1-x) M(III)(x)(OH)(2)](CO(3))(x/n).mH(2)O, M(III) being Al or/and Fe and x= M(III)/[(Mg+M(III)], and derived mixed oxides were investigated. Three series: Mg-Al, Mg-Al-Fe and Mg-Fe were synthesized using low supersaturation co-precipitation method at constant pH, with different Mg : Al : Fe ratio and x in the wide range from 0.15 to 0.7 in order to obtain complex, multi-phase systems with disordered structure, developed surface area, acid-base and redox properties favourable for catalytic application. The morphology of LDHs and their derived mixed oxides did not change considerably although pronounced changes in structural and surface properties occur by thermal decomposition. The increase in Al amount, as well as the deviation of M(III) content from the optimal range for the single LDH phase synthesis, causes the formation of smaller particles and decrease of mixed oxide crystallite size. The nature and amount of M(III) influence the development of surface area, after thermal treatment, depending mainly on the presence of smaller mesopores, not visible by scanning electron microscope. Although the particle size has no considerable influence on the value of the surface area, it was observed that the samples with smaller particles (Mg-Al and Mg-Al-Fe series) have also higher surface area compared with the samples with larger particles (Mg-Fe series).