gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ASAP-a 2D DFT VLSI processor and architecture (2002)

We examine the use of an innovation, called the logarithmic residue number system or LRNS, as an alternative to conventional DSP processors for implementing multiply-accumulate (MAC) operations. The Athena Sensor Arithmetic Processor (ASAP) is a custom VLSI multiprocessor chip based on the LRNS. The fabricated ASAP device is an LRNS "vector-processor on a chip" capable of achieving MAC bandwidth-area ratios far greater than a conventional processor. The paper develops the scientific foundations upon which the LRNS is based, develops the ASAP architecture, and demonstrates its use in the design of a 231/spl times/231 two dimensional FFT having a one hundred frame per second bandwidth.
Reducing CIC filter complexity (2006)

This paper provides several tricks to reduce the complexity and enhance the usefulness of cascaded integrator-comb (CIC) filters. The first trick shows a way to reduce the number of adders and delay elements in a multi-stage CIC interpolation filter. The result is a multiplierless scheme that performs high-order linear interpolation using CIC filters. The second trick shows a way to eliminate the integrators from CIC decimation filters. The benefit is the elimination of unpleasant data word growth problems.
Ribemansides A and B, TRPC6 Inhibitors from <i>Ribes manshuricum</i> That Suppress TGF-β1-Induced Fibrogenesis in HK-2 Cells (2018)

Two new acylated β-hydroxynitrile glycosides, ribemansides A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the aerial parts of Ribes manshuricum. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis. Ribemansides A and B inhibited transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)-induced expression of α-smooth muscle actin, fibronectin release, and changes in cell morphology in the human proximal tubular epithelial cell line (human kidney-2, HK-2). Further biological evaluation demonstrated that both 1 and 2 inhibit the activity of canonical transient receptor potential cation channel 6 (TRPC6), with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 24.5 and 25.6 μM, respectively. The antifibrogenic effect of these compounds appears to be mediated through TRPC6 inhibition, since the TRPC6 inhibitor, SAR7334, also suppressed TGF-β1-induced fibrogenesis in HK-2 cells.
Decay time of twist cells with liquid crystals of shortened pitch (1977)

Chiral nematogens of natural pitch p0 and layer thickness d were investigated over the regime d&lt;p0&lt;4d in cells with π/2 twist imposed by wall orientation. The decay times in this regime were smaller than for p0⩾4d.
Tội Nguyên Tổ theo Lối Hiểu của Karl Rahner (2023)

To better understand the ancestral sin, Karl Rahner proposes an approach that begins with the individual's present human experience. In this article, Rahner discusses his notion of the present human experience and the freedom of individuals before the absolute and eternal horizon where they can directly encounter God. It is within this transcendental horizon that the subject of experience can freely respond to God's personal invitation. Next, the writer presents Karl Rahner's understanding of ancestral sin, which is considered within the framework of both space and time while also existing in the transcendent horizon. It is evaluated as an objective element that includes the sinfulness of others and involves mutual responsibility in the choices of sin committed by both the subject and other people. Lastly, the article explores the application of Karl Rahner's understanding of ancestral sin in the realm of ministry, emphasizing the importance of presenting this issue to contemporary individuals.
Iterative double cyclization reaction by S<sub>RN</sub>1 mechanism. A theoretical interpretation of the regiochemical outcome of diazaheterocycles (2015)

Diazaheterocyclic compounds are prepared in good yields by double cyclization intramolecular S<sub>RN</sub>1 reactions from diamines bearing two aryl iodide moieties.
AN ASYMMETRIC SYNTHESIS OF GLYCEROL DERIVATIVES BY THE ENANTIOSELECTIVE ACYLATION OF PROCHIRAL GLYCEROL (1984)

Abstract Optically active glycerol derivatives are obtained in up to 84% e.e. by the selective acylation of the tin(II) alkoxides generated from 2-O-arylsulfonylglycerols and 1,1′-dimethylstannocene or (methylcyclopentadienyl)tin(II) chloride by the use of a chiral diamine derived from (S)-proline as a ligand.
Extended collective I/O for efficient retrieval of large objects (2002)

Object-relational database management systems (OR-DBMS) extend the capabilities of the relational databases by allowing definition of new data types and methods to operate on these data types while retaining most of the relational model semantics. In this paper we examine issues related to parallel processing of queries in the object-relational model with respect to efficient storage and retrieval of large objects. We extend the concept of collective I/O and other related techniques such as request merging and data sieving in the database domain to achieve high performance in the retrieval of large objects. We deal with the I/O optimization problem in the query executor, access methods and the low level runtime system. We also propose a new technique called pooled striping for efficient storage of large objects on multiple disks. The results presented in this paper clearly show the effectiveness of the proposed I/O optimization techniques in handling large amounts of data in a parallel object-relational database system.
Computational Study Of Improving The Efficiency Of Photovoltaic Panels In The Uae (2011)

Various solar energy technologies exist and they have different application techniques in the generation of electrical power. The widespread use of photovoltaic (PV) modules in such technologies has been limited by relatively high costs and low efficiencies. The efficiency of PV panels decreases as the operating temperatures increase. This is due to the affect of solar intensity and ambient temperature. In this work, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was used to model the heat transfer from a standard PV panel and thus determine the rate of dissipation of heat. To accurately model the specific climatic conditions of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), a case study of a new build green building in Dubai was used. A finned heat pipe arrangement is proposed and analyzed to determine the improved heat dissipation and thus improved performance efficiency of the PV panel. A prototype of the arrangement is built for experimental testing to validate the CFD modeling and proof of concept.
Plasmonic Gold Nanocrystals Coupled with Photonic Crystal Seamlessly on TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanotube Photoelectrodes for Efficient Visible Light Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting (2012)

A visible light responsive plasmonic photocatalytic composite material is designed by rationally selecting Au nanocrystals and assembling them with the TiO(2)-based photonic crystal substrate. The selection of the Au nanocrystals is so that their surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) wavelength matches the photonic band gap of the photonic crystal and thus that the SPR of the Au receives remarkable assistance from the photonic crystal substrate. The design of the composite material is expected to significantly increase the Au SPR intensity and consequently boost the hot electron injection from the Au nanocrystals into the conduction band of TiO(2), leading to a considerably enhanced water splitting performance of the material under visible light. A proof-of-concept example is provided by assembling 20 nm Au nanocrystals, with a SPR peak at 556 nm, onto the photonic crystal which is seamlessly connected on TiO(2) nanotube array. Under visible light illumination (>420 nm), the designed material produced a photocurrent density of ~150 μA cm(-2), which is the highest value ever reported in any plasmonic Au/TiO(2) system under visible light irradiation due to the photonic crystal-assisted SPR. This work contributes to the rational design of the visible light responsive plasmonic photocatalytic composite material based on wide band gap metal oxides for photoelectrochemical applications.
Gallium compounds forthe design of (nano)radiophamarceuticals (2014)

Tese de doutoramento, Química (Química Inorgânica), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2014
Surface-controlled patterned vertical alignment mode with reactive mesogen (2009)

We proposed a patterned vertical alignment (PVA) mode controlled by a modified surface with ultraviolet (UV) curable reactive mesogen (RM) mixed with vertical alignment material for a liquid crystal display (LCD) with fast response time. In the surface-controlled PVA (SC-PVA) mode, the RM monomers in the alignment layer are polymerized along the LC directors by UV exposure under an applied voltage. The polymerized RMs produce a pretilt against the substrate normal depending on the applied field direction in the patterned electrode configuration. In such SC-PVA mode, fast response time was achieved at whole grey levels with the predetermined rotational preference of the LC directors governed by the pretilt direction.
Biphenomycins A and B, novel peptide antibiotics. II. Structural elucidation of biphenomycins A and B. (1985)

The structures of biphenomycins A and B, novel peptide antibiotics produced by a strain of Streptomyces, have been established as 1 and 2, respectively, on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence. They are unique in that they are cyclic peptides containing a biphenyl moiety included in a 15-membered ring and show potent antibacterial activities especially against Gram-positive bacteria.
Potential Role of High Mobility Group Box 1 in Viral Infectious Diseases (2006)

A nuclear protein, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), is released passively by necrotic cells and actively by macrophages/monocytes in response to exogenous and endogenous inflammatory stimuli. After binding to the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), or Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), HMGB1 activates macrophages/monocytes to express proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. Pharmacological suppression of its activities or release is protective against lethal endotoxemia and sepsis, establishing HMGB1 as a critical mediator of lethal systemic inflammation. In light of observations that many viruses (e.g., West Nile virus, Salmon anemia virus) can induce passive HMGB1 release, we propose a potential pathogenic role of HMGB1 in viral infectious diseases.
Morphogenesis, Maturation and Fine Structure of Lentiviruses (1990)

Constituting one of the three subfamilies of the retroviruses the lentivirinae comprise genetically and structurally highly related agents (Frank, 1987; Gelderblom et al., 1985a; Gonda et al., 1985; Levy, 1988; Matthews, 1982; Weiss et. al., 1984). Lentiviruses are transmitted as exogenous agents, show a strong leucotropism and induce persistent, progressive infections in vivo (for review see Georgsson et al., 1989; Haase, 1989; Levy, 1989; Narayan and Clements, 1989). Lentiviruses are cytopathogenic in vitro and partially serologically related. Primate specific lentiviruses share approximately 60% of homology in conserved proteins (Desrosiers et al., 1989). Serological cross-reactivities localized mainly to the viral core, but also to the envelope, have been described for HIV and EIAV (Montagnier et al., 1984; Montelaro et al., 1988; Schneider et al., 1986, 1987).
Low-Temperature Solid Phase Epitaxial Regrowth of Silicon for Stacked Static Random Memory Application (2011)

Solid phase epitaxy (SPE) techniques have been studied to realize stacked static random memory (SRAM) devices. Among the candidates including epitaxial lateral overgrowth (ELO) and laser epitaxial growth (LEG) techniques, SPE is the most stable and cost-effective scheme since it is fulfilled by the deposition of amorphous silicon layers and the subsequent low temperature annealing using conventional furnace equipment which has been used for several decades in semiconductor fabrication. We introduced silicon seeds for the epitaxial realignment of amorphous silicon within the contact window by the selective epitaxial growth (SEG) of single-crystalline silicon. The role of process variables associated with channel silicon deposition on SPE was investigated. The efficiency of SPE was quantified by electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) measurement, which visualizes the fraction of the <100> orientation in a channel silicon layer. SiH4 ambient during the ramp-up stage in the deposition of amorphous silicon layers showed superior epitaxial realignment to N2 ambient, which was mainly due to the suppression of interfacial layer formation. Electrical characteristics such as on-current distribution and static noise margin indicated SPE to be feasible for high-density stacked SRAM application.
Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in bone cell regulation. (1993)

Recent studies emphasize that 1) IGFs are important local regulators of bone formation and 2) IGFBPs are important regulators of the biological actions of IGFs in bone. The importance of IGFs is shown by the finding that 40-50% of basal bone cell proliferation could be blocked by inhibiting the actions of IGFs produced endogenously by bone cells in serum free culture. In addition, IGFs are the most abundant growth factors stored in bone and are produced by bone cells. Recent studies suggest that IGFs are fixed in bone by means of IGFBP-5 which binds with high affinity to both hydroxyapatite and IGFs. Upon release from this storage depot, IGFs and IGFBP-5 are thought to act in the coupling of bone formation to bone resorption in a delayed paracrine manner (i.e. previously fixed IGF+IGFBP-5 complex is released in a bioactive form during bone resorption to stimulate new bone formation). In addition to IGFBP-5, human bone cells in culture have also been shown to produce other IGFBPs, some of which modulate IGF actions in either positive or negative manner. In addition, recent studies also demonstrate that local and systemic effectors of bone formation may regulate the actions of acutely synthesized IGFs (autocrine/paracrine actions) in bone cell microenvironment in a tissue specific manner by modulating the type and amount of IGFBPs produced by bone cells at a local site of bone.
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells Recognize Conserved Epitopes Associated with Apoptosis and Oxidation (2008)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) represents the outgrowth of a CD5(+) B cell. Its etiology is unknown. The structure of membrane Ig on CLL cells of unrelated patients can be remarkably similar. Therefore, antigen binding and stimulation could contribute to clonal selection and expansion as well as disease promotion. Initial studies suggest that CLL mAbs bind autoantigens. Since apoptosis can make autoantigens accessible for recognition by antibodies, and also create neo-epitopes by chemical modifications occurring naturally during this process, we sought to determine if CLL mAbs recognize autoantigens associated with apoptosis. In general, ~60% of CLL mAbs bound the surfaces of apoptotic cells, were polyreactive, and expressed unmutated IGHV. mAbs recognized two types of antigens: native molecules located within healthy cells, which relocated to the external cell surface during apoptosis; and/or neoantigens, generated by oxidation during the apoptotic process. Some of the latter epitopes are similar to those on bacteria and other microbes. Although most of the reactive mAbs were not mutated, the use of unmutated IGHV did not bestow autoreactivity automatically, since several such mAbs were not reactive. Particular IGHV and IGHV/D/J rearrangements contributed to autoantigen binding, although the presence and degree of reactivity varied based on specific structural elements. Thus, clonal expansion in CLL may be stimulated by autoantigens occurring naturally during apoptosis. These data suggest that CLL may derive from normal B cells whose function is to remove cellular debris, and also to provide a first line of defense against pathogens.
Systematic Observation of an Expert Driver's Gaze Strategy—An On-Road Case Study (2017)

In this paper we present and qualitatively analyze an expert driver's gaze behavior in natural driving on a real road, with no specific experimental task or instruction. Previous eye tracking research on naturalistic tasks has revealed recurring patterns of gaze behavior that are surprisingly regular and repeatable. Lappi (2016) identified in the literature seven "qualitative laws of gaze behavior in the wild": recurring patterns that tend to go together, the more so the more naturalistic the setting, all of them expected in extended sequences of fully naturalistic behavior. However, no study to date has observed all in a single experiment. Here, we wanted to do just that: present observations supporting all the "laws" in a single behavioral sequence by a single subject. We discuss the laws in terms of unresolved issues in driver modeling and open challenges for experimental and theoretical development.
Synthesis of 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3,5-dithiazines, 2,3-dihydro-6-thioxo-6H-1,3-thiazine, and 6-amino-1,3-dithiins (1980)

Dithiolates (1) or (2), derived from compounds containing an active methylene or a suiphonamido-group, carbon disulphide and sodium or potassium hydroxide, underwent a Mannish reaction with formaldehyde and a primary amine to form 5,6-dihydro-1,3,5-dithiazines (3) or (4). The dithiolate (12), derived from ethyl acetoacetate, cyclised under the above conditions to ethyl 2,3-dihydro-3,4-dimethyl-6-thioxo-6H-1,3-thiazine-5-carboxylate (18). The dithiolates (20), derived from cyanoacetic ester, or (10), derived from acetophenone, interacted with formaldehyde and cyanoacetic esters or with 2-cyanoacrylates to form 6-amino-1,3-dithiins (26) or iminodithians (28). Methyl 6-amino-2-[(1 -cyano-1-ethoxycarbonyl)methylene]-1,3-dithiin-5-carboxylate (26; R1= Et, R2= Me) formed N-acyl derivatives with aliphatic acid chlorides. On oxidation the dithiin (26; R1= Et, R2= Me) contracted to ethyl 2-cyano-2-(4-cyano-1,3-dithiolan-5-ylidene)acetate (31).
Accurate Bloch Analysis of 1-D Periodic Lines Through the Simulation of Truncated Structures (2011)

A common approach to perform dispersive analyses of waveguides periodic along one direction is based on the electromagnetic simulation of a single spatial period of the structure. However, the resulting equivalent two-port network representation of the single cell may lead to inaccurate modal results, since mutual coupling between cells has been neglected. When a finite number of adjacent cells are simulated, with the aim of improving the accuracy of the analysis, spurious solutions are introduced; they are shown here to be related to the nonuniqueness of root-extraction operations in the complex plane. A simple automatic method is proposed to recover the correct solution and to test the convergence of the analysis as the number of simulated cells is increased.
CT colonography: potential pitfalls and problem-solving techniques. (1999)

CT colonography: potential pitfalls and problem-solving techniques.J G Fletcher, C D Johnson, R L MacCarty, T J Welch, J E Reed and A K HaraAudio Available | Share
A broadband microstrip-to-slot-line transition (1998)

This paper presents a double slot-line–microstrip transition employing a 90° cross over them. Using radial stubs at the crossover between the transmission lines, an insertion loss of less than 1.3 dB was measured (0.65 dB per transition) over the 3–15 GHz range. The transition is simulated using a commercial electromagnetic finite-element simulator. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 18: 339–342, 1998.
The U1‐snRNP complex: structural properties relating to autoimmune pathogenesis in rheumatic diseases (2009)

The U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle (snRNP) is a target of autoreactive B cells and T cells in several rheumatic diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). We propose that inherent structural properties of this autoantigen complex, including common RNA-binding motifs, B and T-cell epitopes, and a unique stimulatory RNA molecule, underlie its susceptibility as a target of the autoimmune response. Immune mechanisms that may contribute to overall U1-snRNP immunogenicity include epitope spreading through B and T-cell interactions, apoptosis-induced modifications, and toll-like receptor (TLR) activation through stimulation by U1-snRNA. We conclude that understanding the interactions between U1-snRNP and the immune system will provide insights into why certain patients develop anti-U1-snRNP autoimmunity, and more importantly how to effectively target therapies against this autoimmune response.
Cleavage of C4b by C3b inactivator: production of a nicked form of C4b, C4b', as an intermediate cleavage product of C4b by C3b inactivator. (1980)

We have investigated the mechanism of cleavage of C4b into C4c and C4d by the C3b inactivator (C3bINA) and revealed the formation of a nicked form of C4b as an intermediate cleavage product. The cleavage of C4b by the C3bINA was a two-step reaction. The first cleavage occurred on the alpha-chain (89,000 daltons) yielding two fragments, 73,000 daltons and 16,000 daltons. These fragments were bound to each other or to the beta or gamma chain through disulfide linkages. Therefore, an altered form of C4b, C4b', consisting of four disulfide-linked polypeptide chains with the same m.w. as C4b, was produced as an intermediate cleavage product. Subsequently, the second cleavage occurred on the alpha-chain fragment of 73,000 daltons to produce the two generally recognized fragments, C4c and C4d. In both cleavage reactions, a high m.w. cofactor protein, C4bC3bINACo, which is the same protein described as the C4 binding protein, was required, suggesting that both of the proteolytic processes are catalyzed by the C3bINA.
Valorization of Biorefinery Side-Stream Products: Combination of Humins with Polyfurfuryl Alcohol for Composite Elaboration (2014)

A challenge of today’s industry is to transform low-value side products into more value-added materials. Humins, a byproduct derived from sugar conversion processes, can be transformed into high value-added products. Thermosetting furanic composites were elaborated with cellulose filters. Large quantities of humins were included into a polyfuranic thermosetting network. Comparisons were made with composites generated with polyfurfuryl alcohol (PFA) and with PFA/lignin. It was concluded that new chemical interactions were created between the side-chain oxygen groups of the humins and the PFA network. Analysis of the fracture surface of the composites containing humins lead to the conclusion that higher interfacial bonding and more efficient stress transfer between the matrix and the fibers is present. The higher ductility of the humins-based matrix allows for a two-fold higher tensile strength in comparison with other composites tested. Incorporation of humins decreases the brittleness of the furanic composites, which is one major drawback of the pure PFA composites.