gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Whole grain intake associated molecule 5-aminovaleric acid betaine decreases β-oxidation of fatty acids in mouse cardiomyocytes (2018)

Despite epidemiological evidence showing that diets rich in whole grains reduce the risk of chronic life-style related diseases, biological mechanisms for these positive effects are mostly unknown. Increased 5-aminovaleric acid betaine (5-AVAB) levels in plasma and metabolically active tissues such as heart have been associated with consumption of diets rich in whole grains. However, biological effects of 5-AVAB are poorly understood. We evaluated 5-AVAB concentrations in human and mouse heart tissue (3-22 µM and 38-78 µM, respectively) using mass spectrometry. We show that 5-AVAB, at physiological concentration range, dose-dependently inhibits oxygen consumption due to β-oxidation of fatty acids, but does not otherwise compromise mitochondrial respiration, as measured with oxygen consumption rate in cultured mouse primary cardiomyocytes. We also demonstrate that this effect is caused by 5-AVAB induced reduction of cellular L-carnitine. Reduced L-carnitine levels are at least partly mediated by the inhibition of cell membrane carnitine transporter (OCTN2) as evaluated by in silico docking, and by siRNA mediated silencing of OCTN2 in cultured cardiomyocytes. 5-AVAB caused inhibition of β-oxidation of fatty acids is a novel mechanism on how diets rich in whole grains may regulate energy metabolism in the body. Elucidating potentially beneficial effects of 5-AVAB e.g. on cardiac physiology will require further in vivo investigations.
Sound Analysis in Drilling, Frequency and Time Domains (2017)

This paper proposes a guideline for interpreting frequency content and time history of sound measurements in metal drilling processes. Different dynamic phenomena are reflected in generated sound in cutting processes. The footprint of such phenomena including torsional, lateral regenerative chatter and whirling in sound measurement results are discussed. Different indexable insert drills, at several cutting conditions, are covered. The proposed analysis could be used for studying, online monitoring and controlling of drilling processes.
Photomodification of a poly(acrylonitrile‐co‐butadiene‐co‐styrene) containing diaryltetrazolyl groups (1994)

Abstract A new type of membrane polymer, containing a photosensitive moiety, was synthesized. The photochemically induced functionalization and crosslinking of poly [acrylonitrile‐co‐butadiene‐co‐styrene‐co‐2‐(4‐ethenyl) phenyl‐5‐phenyl‐2H‐tetrazole], ABSV, has been studied. A variety of dipolarophiles and phenolic compounds were applied to alter the polarity of the membrane surface. The functionalization and crosslinking were initiated by photoirradiation. DSC and contact angle measurements were used to characterize the modified polymer. Pervaporation experiments with a cyclohexane/benzene mixture (5 wt% benzene) were carried out, with the results showing, that the photochemical treatment significantly effects both permselectivity and flux. Solubility parameters were found to be useful to interpret the pervaporation data. In general, the selectivity towards benzene increases with the polarity of the membrane surface, i.e., with increasing polarity of the modifier. A mechanism to explain the influence of both functionalization and crosslinking on the membrane performance, is proposed. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Microglia induce neurotoxicity via intraneuronal Zn<sup>2+</sup> release and a K<sup>+</sup> current surge (2007)

Microglial cells are critical components of the injurious cascade in a large number of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the precise molecular mechanisms by which microglia mediate neuronal cell death have not been fully delineated. We report here that reactive species released from activated microglia induce the liberation of Zn(2+) from intracellular stores in cultured cortical neurons, with a subsequent enhancement in neuronal voltage-gated K(+) currents, two events that have been intimately linked to apoptosis. Both the intraneuronal Zn(2+) release and the K(+) current surge could be prevented by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin, the free radical scavenging mixture of superoxide dismutase and catalase, as well as by 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrinato iron(III) chloride. The enhancement of K(+) currents was prevented by neuronal overexpression of metallothionein III or by expression of a dominant negative (DN) vector for the upstream mitogen-activated protein kinase apoptosis signal regulating kinase-1 (ASK-1). Importantly, neurons overexpressing metallothionein-III or transfected with DN vectors for ASK-1 or Kv2.1-encoded K(+) channels were resistant to microglial-induced toxicity. These results establish a direct link between microglial-generated oxygen and nitrogen reactive products and neuronal cell death mediated by intracellular Zn(2+) release and a surge in K(+) currents.
On digit-recurrence division implementations for field programmable gate arrays (2002)

The flexibility of field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) can provide arithmetic-intensive programs with the benefits of custom hardware but without the high cost of custom silicon implementations. Efficient mappings are key to fast arithmetic implementations on FPGAs. A process for developing such mappings with lookup table based FPGAs is explored. The development process is illustrated with SRT division and the Xilinx XC4010 FPGA. With this mapping process a linear sequential array design that avoids the common problem of large fanout delay in the critical path is created. This approach has a cycle time that is independent of precision, yet it requires approximately the same number of logic blocks as a conventional implementation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Etude simulée d'un système de distillation membranaire pour le dessalement d'eau de mer couplé à une thermofrigopompe (2014)

International audience
Wettability: Recent Advances in TiO<sub>2</sub>‐Based Nanostructured Surfaces with Controllable Wettability and Adhesion (Small 16/2016) (2016)

Bioinspired surfaces with superwettability have attracted great interest in both fundamental research and industry applications. Recent progress in superhydrophobic TiO2-based surfaces with high contrast in solid/liquid adhesion is reviewed on page 2203 by Y. K. Lai, L. F. Chi and co-workers. In addition, the significant applications related to super-wetting/antiwetting surfaces with controllable adhesion are summarized, e.g., self-cleaning, friction reduction, anti-fogging/icing, microfluidic manipulation, fog/water collection, oil/water separation, anti-bioadhesion, and micro templates for patterning. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects of this renascent and rapidly developing field are proposed and discussed.
Life History, Burrowing Behavior, and Distribution of Neohermes filicornis (Megaloptera: Corydalidae), a Long-Lived Aquatic Insect in Intermittent Streams (2015)

Several species of fishflies (Megaloptera: Corydalidae: Chauliodinae) have been reported from intermittent streams in western North America, but the life histories and distributions of these species are poorly understood. We studied the life history of Neohermes filicornis (Banks 1903) for 2 years in Donner Creek (Contra Costa County, California), a small intermittent stream that flows for 5–7 months per year. Neohermes filicornis had a 3–4-year life span and larval growth was asynchronous. Analysis of gut contents showed that larvae were generalist predators of aquatic insect larvae including Diptera, Ephemeroptera, and Plecoptera. Final instars dug pupal chambers in the streambed and began pupation within several days of stream drying. Dry conditions in 2007 resulted in stream drying 50 days earlier than in 2006, which was reflected in earlier pupation and adult emergence in 2007 than in 2006. Pupal and adult stages each lasted for 1–2 weeks. Although active burrowing into the dry streambed was not observed in the field, N. filicornis larvae initiated burrowing in response to simulated stream drying in laboratory experiments, while Orohermes crepusculus (Chauliodinae), a fishfly species common in perennial streams, did not exhibit burrowing behavior. We present new and historic collection records for Neohermes spp. in western North America. Neohermes filicornis is distributed in California, Arizona, western New Mexico, Baja California, and Sonora. A sister taxon, Neohermes californicus, has been collected in California, Oregon, and Idaho. In California, N. filicornis is primarily distributed in the Coast Range and mountains of Southern California, whereas N. californicus occurs in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada, with possible range overlap at the northern and southern ends of the Central Valley. As a long-lived aquatic insect, N. filicornis exhibits considerable plasticity in the phenology of its life cycle and undergoes multiple episodes of larval dormancy in intermittent streams of western North America.
Antibody-Targeted Drugs for the Therapy of Cancer (1994)

The advent of monoclonal antibodies has revitalised the concept of magic bullets and various agents (eg. drugs, toxins and isotopes) have been conjugated to monoclonal antibodies for selective delivery to tumours. Preclinical studies in mouse tumour models have been impressive and have lead to several clinical trials. These phase I trials have been less impressive. However, keeping in mind the aim of Phase I trials, the safety of using these conjugates in humans have been established. Several, major problems still remain to be overcome before these agents may be useful for the treatment of cancer. These problems stem from the nature of tumour vasculature, cytotoxic activity of the moiety linked to antibody and the targeted tumour antigen expressed on the cell surface. This review will deal with these various aspects described above and possible approaches to overcome these obstacles with a definite bias towards drug-monoclonal antibody conjugates. However, these concepts are equally applicable for improved targeting of other agents.
Investigation of active damping approaches for PI-based current control of grid-connected PWM converters with LCL filters (2009)

This paper deals with different active damping approaches for PI-based current control of grid-connected PWM converters with LCL filters which are based on one additional feedback. Filter capacitor current as well as voltage feedback for purpose of resonance damping are analyzed and compared. Basic studies in continuous Laplace domain show that either proportional current feedback or derivative voltage feedback yield resonance damping. Detailed investigations of these two approaches in discrete z-domain taking into account the discrete nature of control implementation, sampling, and PWM are carried out. Several ratios of LCL resonance frequency and control frequency are considered. For high resonance frequencies only current feedback stabilizes the system. For medium resonance frequencies both approaches show good performance. For low resonance frequencies stability gets worse even if voltage feedback offers slighly better damping properties. Measurement results validate the theoretical results.
Circular markers for camera pose estimation (2011)

This papers presents a new system using circular markers to estimate the pose of a camera. Contrary to most markersbased systems using square markers, we advocate the use of circular markers, as we believe that they are easier to detect and provide a pose estimate that is more robust to noise. Unlike existing systems using circular markers, our method computes the exact pose from one single circular marker, and do not need specific points being explicitly shown on the marker (like center, or axes orientation). Indeed, the center and orientation is encoded directly in the markers code. We can thus use the entire marker surface for the code design. After solving the back projection problem for one conic correspondence, we end up with two possible poses. We show how to find the markers code, rotation and final pose in one single step, by using a pyramidal cross-correlation optimizer. The marker tracker runs at 100 frames/second on a desktop PC and 30 frames/second on a hand-held UMPC.
Spontaneous Healing of a Tear of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament. A Report of Two Cases* (1998)

KUROSAKA, MASAHIRO M.D.†; YOSHIYA, SHINICHI M.D.‡; MIZUNO, TOSHIYUKI M.D.†; MIZUNO, KOSAKU M.D.†, KOBE, JAPAN Author Information
L a soutenabilité du développement en R ussie durant la décennie 1998-2008 (2015)

Cet article propose une évaluation de la politique de développement en Russie durant la décennie 1998-2008. Nous suggérons de différencier cette décennie de la précédente sur la base de la primauté à accorder à la gestion des ressources naturelles. À l’aide d’une étude contrefactuelle, nous justifions ce choix en démontrant l’insoutenabilité de la politique de gestion de la rente en Russie durant cette « deuxième transition ». Nous concluons que les facteurs institutionnels, politiques et économiques rendent une inflexion de la politique de développement vers un véritable développement durable à la fois nécessaire et peu probable.
Analyses of the differentiation potential of satellite cells from myoD -/-, mdx, and PMP22 C22 mice (2005)

Overall, a defect in satellite cell differentiation above that arising through normal ageing does not occur in mdx or PMP22 mouse models of human disease. Nonetheless, the impaired differentiation of satellite cells from some mdx animals suggests that additional factors, environmental or epigenetic, may lead to deteriorating muscle repair through poor differentiation of satellite cells in genetically predisposed individuals.
Catch me if you can (2011)

Profilers help developers to find and fix performance problems. But do they find performance bugs -- performance problems that real users actually notice? In this paper we argue that -- especially in the case of interactive applications -- traditional profilers find irrelevant problems but fail to find relevant bugs.
VMAT2: a dynamic regulator of brain monoaminergic neuronal function interacting with drugs of abuse (2011)

The monoaminergic neuron, in particular the dopaminergic neuron, is central to mediating the hedonic and addictive properties of drugs of abuse. The effects of amphetamine (AMPH) and cocaine (COC), for example, depend on the ability to increase dopamine in the synapse, by effects on either the plasma membrane transporter DAT or the vesicular transporter for monoamine storage, VMAT2. The potential role of DAT as a target for AMPH and COC has been reviewed extensively. Here, we present VMAT2 as a target that enables the rewarding and addictive actions of these drugs, based on imaging, neurochemical, biochemical, cell biological, genetic, and immunohistochemical evidence. The presence of VMAT2 in noradrenergic, serotoninergic, histaminergic, and potentially trace aminergic neurons invites consideration of a wider role for aminergic neurotransmission in AMPH and COC abuse and addiction.
New Highly Hydrophobic Lewis X Glycolipids: Synthesis and Monolayer Behaviour (2001)

Two highly hydrophobic Lewis X glycolipids 2 and 3 were prepared. The glycoconjugate 2 was constructed in the following way: pentaerythrytol was used as a distributor on which three racemic phytol hydrophobic chains and a triethyleneglycol spacer β-glycosylated with the pentasaccharide Gal (β 1−4)[Fuc (α 1−3)] GlcNAc (β 1−3) Gal (β 1−4) Glc were anchored. The glycoconjugate 3 was constructed in a similar way, the sugar moiety being the trisaccharide Gal (β 1−4)[Fuc (α 1−3)] GlcNAc, the so-called Lewis X determinant. A triethyleneglycol spacer was used in order to introduce the mobility required for the study of single carbohydrate−carbohydrate interactions. Three phytyl chains increase the hydrophobicity of the lipid moiety compared to the natural ceramide glycolipid 1. These glycolipids display a liquid-expanded behaviour with a high compressibility in monolayer studies. These properties associated with a low solubility in water make them good candidates for the study of the interaction between two Lewis X functionalized vesicles.
Frequency notching effects on GPR imagery while operating in crowded spectrum scenarios (2016)

Over the past decade, the radio frequency (RF) spectrum in which radar, telecommunication, navigational, and other systems operate has become increasingly crowded. The Army Research Laboratory has developed a Stepped-Frequency Radar (SFR) which can avoid areas of the RF spectrum in which systems are already operating. This allows for mitigation of RF interference (RFI) on the radar, as well as reduction in the interference from the radar that might affect other systems. This paper addresses the impact of frequency notching on GPR imagery, and methods of mitigating negative effects. The SFR operates over 300–2000 MHz, with a minimum frequency step size of 1 MHz. The radar transmits and receives in pulsed intervals, allowing for receiver blanking of close-in targets. The SFR is vehicle mounted and utilizes two dualpolarized transmit (Tx) horn antennas on either side of the receiver (Rx) antenna aperture, which consists of 16 Vivaldi notch antennas (which can be rotated to either H or V polarization). The radar is capable of completing a sweep over its entire operating band in <250 μsec. Furthermore, the radar is capable of coherently averaging directly on the field programmable gate array (FPGA) in which it digitizes the Rx channels, albeit at the cost of increased data collection time.
Objective Screening Methods for Prior Refractive Surgery in Donor Tissue (2002)

Regional differences in thickness and curvature in donor eyes may provide methods for screening for refractive surgery for myopia. Refinement in mathematical manipulations may further improve the sensitivity of these techniques.
Dielectric Properties of Composite Materials during Damage Accumulation and Fracture (2014)

Glycogen storage disease type 1a (von Gierke disease, GSD 1a) is caused by the deficiency of microsomal glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) activity which catalyzes the final common step of glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. The recent cloning of the G6Pase cDNA and characterization of the human G6Pase gene enabled the characterization of the mutations causing GSD 1a. This, in turn, allows the introduction of a noninvasive DNA-based diagnosis that provides reliable carrier testing and prenatal diagnosis. In this study, we report the biochemical and clinical characteristics as well as mutational analyses of 12 Israeli GSD 1a patients of different families, who represent most GSD 1a patients in Israel. The mutations, G6Pase activity, and glycogen content of 7 of these patients were reported previously. The biochemical data and clinical findings of all patients were similar and compatible with those described in other reports. All 9 Jewish patients, as well as one Muslim Arab patient, presented the R83C mutation. Two Muslim Arab patients had the V166G mutation which was not found in other patients' populations. The V166G mutation, which was introduced into the G6Pase cDNA by site-directed mutagenesis following transient expression in COS-1 cells, was shown to cause complete inactivation of the G6Pase. The characterization of all GSD 1a mutations in the Israeli population lends itself to carrier testing in these families as well as to prenatal diagnosis, which was carried out in 2 families. Since all Ashkenzai Jewish patients harbor the same mutation, our study suggests that DNA-based diagnosis may be used as an initial diagnostic step in Ashkenazi Jews suspected of having GSD 1a, thereby avoiding liver biopsy.
Fundamental Studies of airborne chemical contamination of chemically amplified resists. (1993)

The susceptibility of most chemically amplified resists to performance degradation caused by low levels of airborne basic chemical substances presents a significant barrier to their practical implementation.
Embolization and retrieval of the Amplatzer septal occluder (2004)

Embolization and percutaneous retrieval of the Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO) after release have been reported. However, the incidence, the causes of embolization, and the methods for effective retrieval have not been systematically described. In a survey of the ASO company-designated proctors, the incidence of ASO embolization in this group's experience was 0.55% (21 embolizations in 3824 device placements) with a wide range of patient demographics, atrial septal defect (ASD) sizes, and device sizes. Most embolizations occurred because of inadequate rim or undersized devices. Of the 21 embolizations, 15 of the devices were retrieved percutaneously with a gooseneck snare without morbidity or mortality. Six were retrieved at surgery. Of the 21 patients, 12 had ASO closure of their ASDs, and 9 had surgical ASD closure. In vitro, all devices could be retrieved with sheathes 2 Fr sizes larger than their recommended delivery sheath. Any device larger than 26 mm could be retrieved with its delivery sheath. The ability to pull the snared button into a sheath was variable and was assisted by pulling the device from above with a bioptome and by using a rigid notched sheath. Because the incidence of ASO embolization is about 1 in 200 in the most experienced hands, all operators should be prepared with the techniques and equipment required for percutaneous ASO retrieval.
Java: The Complete Reference (1996)

Fully updated for Java SE 1721, this book explains how to develop, compile, debug, and run Java programs. The authors cover the entire Java language, including its syntax, keywords, and fundamental programming principles. Readers will also find information on key portions of the Java API library, such as I/O, the Collections Framework, the stream library, and the concurrency utilities. Swing, JavaBeans, and servlets are examined, and numerous examples demonstrate Java in action. Additions to the Java platform, such as pattern matching in switch statements, record patterns, sequenced collections and virtual threads, are also discussed in detail
Failure analysis of ULSI circuits using photon emission (1993)

A real-time failure analysis technique for ULSI circuits using photon emission is proposed. This technique utilizes a photon detection system combined with a circuit tester. Improved failure detection is achieved because the tester can bias arbitrary blocks in the ULSI chip. Detecting and correct process defects and design errors improves the reliability of the ULSI chip.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>