gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Life and death of liquid-infused surfaces: a review on the choice, analysis and fate of the infused liquid layer (2020)

Liquid-infused surfaces (or lubricant-infused surfaces) (LIS) are a new class of functional materials introduced in 2011. Their exceptional properties have earned them a place at the forefront of many fields including anti-biofouling, anti-icing, anti-corrosion, drag reduction, droplet manipulation and drop-wise condensation. Integral to their success is the infused lubricant layer which affords them their properties. In this review, we examine the current state of the literature relating to the lubricant layer. We consider the lubricant through all stages in the surface's lifecycle from design, to use, all the way through to depletion and eventual failure. First, we examine trends in lubricant choice and how to choose a lubricant, including environmental and medical considerations. We then look at the different methods used to infuse lubricant into surfaces and how lubricant depletes from the surface. We then report direct and indirect methods to characterise the thickness and distribution of the lubricant layer. Finally, we examine how droplets interact with LIS and the unique properties afforded by the lubricant before providing an outlook into where research centred on understanding the lubricant layer is heading in the new decade.
Millimeter-wave VCOs with wide tuning range and low phase noise, fully integrated in a SiGe bipolar production technology (2003)

Millimeter-wave voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) are presented which are fully integrated in a SiGe bipolar production technology. The low-cost differential circuits have been designed and optimized for low phase noise and wide tuning range. As an example, by varying the bias voltage of the on-chip varactor, the oscillation frequency can be changed from 36 to 46.9 GHz (i.e., by 26%). In this wide frequency range, phase noise between -107 and -110dBc/Hz at 1-MHz offset frequency and single-ended voltage swing of about 0.95V/sub pp/ ±10% (differential: 1.9V/sub pp/) were measured. The circuit consumes 280mW at -5.5-V supply voltage. The high oscillation frequency and low phase noise at wide tuning range are record values for fully integrated oscillators in Si-based technologies. The basic oscillator was then extended by a cascode stage as an output buffer. Now the VCO performance is no longer degraded if nonperfectly terminated transmission lines are driven. Thus, the chip can be mounted in a low-cost socket; however, at the cost of increased phase noise and power consumption.
Piezoelectric characterization of Pb(Zr,Ti)O/sub 3/ thin films by interferometric technique (2002)

In this paper different aspects of piezoelectric characterization of ferroelectric thin films are discussed. An experimental technique based on a double-beam laser interferometer is described which allows the study of small electric field induced displacements in thin films. The interferometric technique is successfully applied for the evaluation of the piezoelectric properties of ferroelectric thin films. Examples of piezoelectric behavior are given for sol-gel Pb(Zr,Ti)O/sub 3/ films of compositions and thicknesses. Are linked to the poling conditions and to the orientation of the grains. The of domain wall motion to the piezoelectric response in oriented PZT films is discussed.
The Groin Endometriosis: A Great Mimicker of Common Groin Conditions (2019)

Background: Inguinal endometriosis occurs in 0.3% to 0.6% of patients affected by endometriosis, it is a rare involvement of the extraperitoneal portion of the round ligament. It is often confused with other inguinal pathology and mostly diagnosed on histological examination. In this study, we report an unusual case of endometriosis in the right inguinal subcutaneous region. Case: This case is a 25-year-old woman with 2-year history of painful persistent mass in the right groin and her symptoms fluctuated with the menstrual cycle. On examination, a 3 × 2 cm poorly defined, hard, tender, fixed, irreducible mass without any impulse on coughing was noted and a provisional diagnosis of either an incarcerated inguinal hernia, femoral hernia, or an enlarged inguinal lymph node was made. Magnetic resonance imaging showed 2.7 × 1.7 × 1.6 cm heterogeneous nodular lesion in the right inguinal subcutaneous plane superficial to the adductor muscles and at the lower edge of the rectus abdominis muscle, and fine-needle aspiration cytology from the mass showed the possibility of intramuscular endometriosis. Result: We performed an excision of the lesion and the histopathological report showed endometriosis. The patient was symptom free on subsequent follow-up. Conclusion: In women of reproductive age with painful groin lesions, a differential diagnosis of endometriosis should be considered. Wide surgical excision of the lesion is usually curative whereby the chances of developing malignancy also diminish. Therefore, timely diagnosis and optimal management of this condition can have high success rates.
Marine seismic surveys with enhanced azimuth coverage: Lessons in survey design and acquisition (2007)

The azimuth from the source to the receiver in a marine seismic survey acquired with towed streamers is by nature usually close to the sail-line direction. Deviations in this recording azimuth, such as those caused by ocean currents, diminish the quality of the survey results so a substantial effort is made to minimize the damage. Conventional streamer surveys are now called narrow azimuth, or NAZ, even though the same thing was formerly called wide azimuth, and the quality of a “constant” offset (minimal) data set from such a survey has been debated (Padhi and Holley, 1997). There recently have been several surveys designed to increase the multiplicity of azimuths by sailing in multiple directions, called multi-azimuth or MAZ (Hegna and Gaus, 2002); by deploying sources on multiple vessels to widen the effective receiver array, which is known as wide azimuth or WAZ (Sukup, 2002); and by using a combination of both MAZ and WAZ, which is rich azimuth or RAZ (Howard, 2004). In 2006, WesternGeco acquired a RAZ survey for BHP Billiton, Hess Corporation, and Repsol YPF over Shenzi, a subsalt discovery in the Gulf of Mexico centered on Green Canyon block 653 (Figure 1). At the 2006 SEG Annual Meeting, fully processed images from a MAZ survey in the Nile Delta (Keggin et al., 2006), fast-track images from a WAZ survey at Mad Dog (Michell et al., 2006) and fast-track images from the RAZ survey at Shenzi (Howard and Moldoveanu, 2006) were compared to images from previous NAZ surveys. These surveys had a multiplicity in azimuth of 6, 16, and 18, along with increases in trace density of about 600%, 800%, and 600%, respectively. While it is possible the improvements shown in every case are from the increases in trace density, it will be taken here as a given that azimuth multiplicity can be considered as enhanced coverage, in contrast to merely allowing the azimuths to vary over a wider range. A companion paper (Howard et al., 2007) focuses on the studies that led to the Shenzi survey and documents some of the results. This paper further documents those results and offers some observations about these methods.
DodecaPen (2017)

We propose a system for real-time six degrees of freedom (6DoF) tracking of a passive stylus that achieves sub-millimeter accuracy, which is suitable for writing or drawing in mixed reality applications. Our system is particularly easy to implement, requiring only a monocular camera, a 3D printed dodecahedron, and hand-glued binary square markers. The accuracy and performance we achieve are due to model-based tracking using a calibrated model and a combination of sparse pose estimation and dense alignment. We demonstrate the system performance in terms of speed and accuracy on a number of synthetic and real datasets, showing that it can be competitive with state-of-the-art multi-camera motion capture systems. We also demonstrate several applications of the technology ranging from 2D and 3D drawing in VR to general object manipulation and board games.
Mining Eclipse Developer Contributions via Author-Topic Models (2007)

We present the results of applying statistical author-topic models to a subset of the Eclipse 3.0 source code consisting of 2,119 source files and 700,000 lines of code from 59 developers. This technique provides an intuitive and automated framework with which to mine developer contributions and competencies from a given code base while simultaneously extracting software function in the form of topics. In addition to serving as a convenient summary for program function and developer activities, our study shows that topic models provide a meaningful, effective, and statistical basis for developer similarity analysis.
Visualization Space: A Testbed for Deviceless Multimodal User Interface (1998)

The Visualization Space (&quot;VizSpace&quot;) is a visual computing system created as a testbed for deviceless multimodal user interfaces. Continuous voice recognition and passive machine vision provide two channels of interaction with computer graphics imagery on a wall-sized display. Users gesture (e.g., point) and speak commands to manipulate and navigate through virtual objects and worlds. Voiced commands are combined with several types of gestures-fullbody, deictic, symbolic and iconic- to allow users to interact using only these natural human-to-human communication skills. The system is implemented on a single (high-end) IBM PC, yet provides comfortably interactive rates. It allows for rapid testing of voice/vision multimodal input and rapid prototyping of specific multimodal applications for natural interaction.
Briard (Jacques), L'âge du bronze en Europe barbare des mégalithes aux Celtes (1977)

Pape Louis. Briard (Jacques), L'âge du bronze en Europe barbare des mégalithes aux Celtes. In: Annales de Bretagne et des pays de l'Ouest. Tome 84, numéro 4, 1977. pp. 132-133.
Analysis of Prostatic Acid Phosphatase in Urine Voided before and after Massage of the Prostate in Infertile Men (1984)

Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) - a specific marker of prostatic secretion - has been analyzed by radioimmunoassay in samples of urine voided before and after massage of the prostate. In all patients there was an increase in urine PAP concentration after massage irrespective of the occurrence of expressed prostatic secretion. The mean PAP values increased from 4.9 to 45.8 micrograms/l. No significant change in urine creatinine concentration was observed. No lactoferrin was detected in the urine which should indicate that no secretion from the seminal vesicles was expressed into the urethra during massage of the prostate. Analysis of PAP in urine after massage of the prostate could increase the value of a urine sediment and microbial analysis in the investigation of male infertility.
Design aspects of short-range millimeter-wave networks: A MAC layer perspective (2016)

Increased density of wireless devices, ever growing demands for extremely high data rate, and spectrum scarcity at microwave bands make the millimeter-wave frequencies an important player in future wireless networks. However, millimeter-wave communication systems exhibit severe attenuation, blockage, and deafness, and may need microwave networks for coordination and fall-back support. To compensate for high attenuation, mmWave systems exploit highly directional operation, which in turn substantially reduces the interference footprint. The significant differences between millimeter-wave networks and legacy communication technologies challenge the classical design approaches, especially at the MAC layer, which has received comparatively less attention than PHY and propagation issues in the literature so far. In this article, the MAC layer design aspects of short-range millimeter- wave networks are discussed. In particular, we explain why current mmWave standards fail to fully exploit the potential advantages of short-range mmWave technology, and argue for the necessity of new collision-aware hybrid resource allocation frameworks with on-demand control messages, the advantages of a collision notification message, and the potential of multihop communication to provide reliable mmWave connections.
Present and future of 5-HT receptor agonists as antimigraine drugs. (1999)

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of migraine. The discovery of the 5-HT1B/1D/1F agonist sumatriptan constitutes a substantial advance in the acute treatment of migraine, though it displays a number of nonnegligible shortcomings. Today, a number of second-generation drugs derived from tryptamine are under advanced clinical development or are about to be marketed worldwide for the acute treatment of migraine. These tryptamine derivatives display partial agonist properties at 5-HT1B/1D receptors. It is not yet clearly established whether these agents represent a major improvement over sumatriptan in therapeutic effectiveness. Most of them also show affinity for 5-ht1F binding sites and have better oral pharmacokinetics than sumatriptan. The acute antimigraine effects of this second-generation of triptans seem to be obtained in largely the same way as with sumatriptan: by cranial vasoconstriction and inhibition of trigeminovascular activation from both peripheral and central projections. Future directions in migraine therapy should focus on agents that exhibit high intrinsic activity at 5-HT1B/1D receptors, offer a good safety profile, and demonstrate long-lasting action which might also be considered in migraine prophylaxis.
Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete (2005)

In recent years, attempts to increase the utilisation of fly ash to partially replace the use of Portland cement in concrete are gathering momentum. Geopolymer concrete is a ‘new’ material that does not need the presence of Portland cement as a binder. Instead, activating the source materials such as fly ash that are rich in Silicon (Si) and Aluminium (Al) using high alkaline liquids produces the binder required to manufacture the concrete. Hence, concrete with no cement.This paper presents information on fly ash-based geopolymer concrete. The paper covers the material and the mixture proportions, the manufacturing process, and the influence of various parameters on the properties of fresh and hardened concrete.
Programmable and Flexible Management and Orchestration of Virtualized Network Functions (2018)

Supporting the vast variety of network services' management and orchestration requirements is one of the main challenges that Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is dealing with. While general management requirements such as Virtual Network Function (VNF) resource requirements can be specified by the service developers using service descriptors, specific management operations like VNF-specific configuration cannot be performed by these descriptors. On the other hand, it is inefficient and also very challenging for Management and Orchestration (MANO) frameworks to provide all specific-management operations for every individual network service and their constituent VNFs. To mitigate this issue, we propose the use of service-specific programs called Specific Managers (SMs) that can customize management and orchestration of network services and also extend the capability of MANO frameworks to support per-service management and orchestration. The results of our evaluation show that the higher flexibility and programmability enabled by SMs improve the performance of the service performance and also utilises the service provider resources more efficiently.
Internal DNA Modes Below 25 cm<sup>−1</sup>: A Resonance Raman Spectroscopy Observation (1997)

The first resonance Raman scattering observation of the low-frequency (LF) region (below 40 up to 12 cm-1) of DNA motions is presented. Since the concentration of the studied DNA solution was very low (1 mg/ml), the spectra features reflect internal vibrations of the macromolecule. The decomposition of the spectra into Lorentzians clearly indicate three intrahelical DNA modes: the corresponding peaks are located at the frequencies 16, 19, and 23 (+/- 1) cm-1. This result is in agreement with our quasi-continuity model of the LF B-form DNA dynamics (V. Lisy, P. Miskovsky and P. Schreiber, J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. 13, 707 (1996)). The fit of the experimental frequencies to the theory, using the Genetic Algorithms approach, allowed us to make some conclusions about the model force constants which could be found by independent conformational energy calculations. Possible positions of five lowest-frequency DNA peaks, predicted by the model, are discussed.
Using near-infrared spectroscopy to predict postharvest quality. (2013)

Abstract Near-infrared spectroscopy offers great potential for controlling postharvest quality attributes of fruits and vegetables. It constitutes a very useful tool to ensure their acceptability and characterizing their nutritional properties. The literature regarding its use for postharvest quality parameters prediction on fresh fruit and vegetables, has been reviewed. The aspects of quality that can be measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), its evolution, research on different products and most important areas for action, are highlighted. Desirable criteria for evaluating the reliability of the models and spectrometer features such as portability are discussed. Likely events in the evolution of online and portable NIRS in the near future are suggested.
Rapid Total Synthesis of DARPin pE59 and Barnase (2014)

We report the convergent total synthesis of two proteins: DARPin pE59 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RNase (Barnase). Leveraging our recently developed fast-flow peptide-synthesis platform, we rapidly explored numerous conditions for the assembly of long polypeptides, and were able to mitigate common side reactions, including deletion and aspartimide products. We report general strategies for improving the synthetic quality of difficult peptide sequences with our system. High-quality protein fragments produced under optimal synthetic conditions were subjected to convergent native chemical ligation, which afforded native full-length proteins after a final desulfurization step. Both DARPin and Barnase were folded and found to be as active as their recombinant analogues.
[Human cytomegalovirus inhibits the differentiation of human hippocampus neural stem cells]. (2009)

The objective of present study is to investigate the effect of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection on human hippocampus neural stem cells NSCs differentiation in vitro, Fetal hippocampus tissue was dissociated mechanically and then cultured in proliferation medium with EGF and bFGF. Immunofluorescence method was used to detect the expression of NSCs marker-Nestin within these cells. Cultured in 10% FBS, NSCs began to differentiate. On the onset of the differentiation, HCMV AD169 (MOI=5) was added into the differentiation medium. After 7 days differentiation, the effect of HCMV infection on NSCs differentiation was observed by detecting the rate of nestin, GFAP and HCMV immediate-early (IE) positive cells with confocal microscopy and immunofluorescence method. The resucts showed most of the cells (passage 4-6 ) were Nestin positive and could differentiate into NSE-positive neurons and GFAP-positive astrocytes. On day 7 postinfection, 86% +/- 12% of infected cells were IE positive. The percentage of Nestin-positive cells was 50% +/- 19% and 93% +/- 10% (t= 6.03, P<0.01)and those of GFAP-positive cells was 81% +/- 11% and 55 +/- 17% (t=3.77, P<0.01) in uninfected and infected cells respectively. These findings indicated that NSCs were HCMV permissive cell and HCMV AD 169 infection suppressed the differentiation of Hippocampus-genetic human neural stem cells into astrocytes.
Sensory analysis of pet foods (2014)

Pet food palatability depends first and foremost on the pet and is related to the pet food sensory properties such as aroma, texture and flavor. Sensory analysis of pet foods may be conducted by humans via descriptive or hedonic analysis, pets via acceptance or preference tests, and through a number of instrumental analysis methods. Sensory analysis of pet foods provides additional information on reasons behind palatable and unpalatable foods as pets lack linguistic capabilities. Furthermore, sensory analysis may be combined with other types of information such as personality and environment factors to increase understanding of acceptable pet foods. Most pet food flavor research is proprietary and, thus, there are a limited number of publications available. Funding opportunities for pet food studies would increase research and publications and this would help raise public awareness of pet food related issues. This mini-review addresses current pet food sensory analysis literature and discusses future challenges and possibilities.
Correlation of ultrastructural changes of endothelial cells and astrocytes occuring during blood brain barrier damage after traumatic brain injury with biochemical markers of BBB leakage and inflammatory response (2009)

Focal cerebral contusion can be dynamic and expansive. It has been proved that subsequent expansive contusion is caused by brain parenchyma damage, especially BBB damage. We investigated a group of patients with traumatic brain injury. The patients (n=18) were divided into group I (n=7) of patients submitted to neurosurgery due to expansive contusion, and group II (n=11) of patients without surgery. Serum concentrations of NSE and S-100B protein were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, interleukin-6 (IL-6) was measured by chemiluminescent sequential immunometric assay and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-9, MMP-2) were measured by immunoassays. Cortical biopsy specimens of brain were investigated by electron microscopy in patients with trauma brain injury submitted to neurosurgery. Biochemical investigation from first day up to third day after traumatic brain injury proved increased values of IL-6 (302.2+/-119.9 vs. 59.6+/-11.9 ng/l, p<0.02) and S-100B protein (3.064+/-1.064 vs. 0.649+/-0.182 microg/l, p<0.05) in patients with expansive lesion compared to patients without expansive contusion. Significantly higher levels of MMP-9 (150.4+/-28.46 vs. 74.11+/-13.16 ng/l, p<0.05) and of MMP-2 (814.5+/-126.3 vs. 523.1+/-25.28 ng/l, p<0.05) were found during first 3 days after admission in group I compared to group II. MMP-9 has also elevated in group II from lower values after admission (74.11+/-13.16 ng/l) up to high levels on the 10th day of hospitalization (225.1+/-49.35 ng/l). Ultrastructural investigation of endothelial cells and surrounded tissue revealed perivascular hemorrhage, increased pinocytic activity of endothelial cells, and cytotoxic edema of astroglial cells. Multivesical bodies were disclosed inside the endothelial cells. Higher levels of serum protein S-100B and IL-6 correlated with ultrastructural changes of endothelial cells, and with inflammatory response following TBI, respectively.
Lithographic performance of a new generation i-line optical system: a comparative analysis (1993)

A new generation i-line optical stepper utilizing the established benefits of the 1x Wynne- Dyson lens design has been developed for mix-and-match lithography. Based on the advantages of cost of ownership and high throughput capability, the Ultratech 2244i was specifically designed as a cost effective approach to complement high NA reduction steppers in a mix-and-match environment, especially for high volume DRAM and ASIC manufacturing. This system features an ultra-large image field of 22 X 44 mm with a 0.32 numerical aperture lens with an illumination bandwidth of 20 nanometers (355 to 375 nm). As a result, this system provides 0.8 micrometers manufacturing capability. These features provide improved critical dimension (CD) interference effects and superior depth-of-focus for the 2244i.