gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrochemically Driven Photosynthetic Electron Transport in Cyanobacteria Lacking Photosystem II (2022)

Light-activated photosystem II (PSII) carries out the critical step of splitting water in photosynthesis. However, PSII is susceptible to light-induced damage. Here, results are presented from a novel microbial electro-photosynthetic system (MEPS) that uses redox mediators in conjunction with an electrode to drive electron transport in live <i>Synechocystis</i> (Δ<i>psbB</i>) cells lacking PSII. MEPS-generated, light-dependent current increased with light intensity up to 2050 μmol photons m<sup>-2</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>, which yielded a delivery rate of 113 μmol electrons h<sup>-1</sup> mg-chl<sup>-1</sup> and an average current density of 150 A m<sup>-2</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> mg-chl<sup>-1</sup>. P700<sup>+</sup> re-reduction kinetics demonstrated that initial rates exceeded wildtype PSII-driven electron delivery. The electron delivery occurs ahead of the cytochrome <i>b</i><sub>6</sub><i>f</i> complex to enable both NADPH and ATP production. This work demonstrates an electrochemical system that can drive photosynthetic electron transport, provides a platform for photosynthetic foundational studies, and has the potential for improving photosynthetic performance at high light intensities.
High yield method for nanocrystalline zeolite synthesis (2005)

Nanocrystalline zeolites, such as silicalite-1 and zeolite Y, were synthesized in high yield by periodically removing nanocrystals from the synthesis solution and recycling the unused reagents, including the template and T-atom sources.
High-speed 3D scanner with real-time 3D processing (2004)

A novel 3D sensing system with real-time 3D processing has been developed which is capable of scanning an object at very high speeds (greater than 500,000 3D points/second) and creating high-resolution 3D surface maps. Laser triangulation is used in conjunction with a high-resolution camera, a laser diode, and processing electronics all incorporated into a small sensor package that traverses linearly or rotates from a fixed position to scan an object. Processing is done on board the instrument and the resultant 3D data is transmitted to a PC. This results in rapid scans, with 3D images produced as the instrument is scanning. The sensing system was developed for the NASA Mars rover program and for the inspection of Shuttle Thermal Protection System (tiles), radiator, and structures.
Practical and secure dynamic searchable encryption via oblivious access on distributed data structure (2016)

Dynamic Searchable Symmetric Encryption (DSSE) allows a client to perform keyword searches over encrypted files via an encrypted data structure. Despite its merits, DSSE leaks search and update patterns when the client accesses the encrypted data structure. These leakages may create severe privacy problems as already shown, for example, in recent statistical attacks on DSSE. While Oblivious Random Access Memory (ORAM) can hide such access patterns, it incurs significant communication overhead and, therefore, it is not yet fully practical for cloud computing systems. Hence, there is a critical need to develop private access schemes over the encrypted data structure that can seal the leakages of DSSE while achieving practical search/update operations.
Method and arrangement for signal transmission in ultrasonic echo sounding systems (1988)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Bernhard Michalski, Jürgen Lau, Wolfram Berger; Method and arrangement for signal transmission in ultrasonic echo sounding systems. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 June 1988; 83 (6): 2469. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.396338 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Magnetic force Optical Coherence Elastography at 1.5 million a-lines per second (2016)

Optical Coherence Elastography (OCE) has been widely used to characterize tissue elasticity. In this paper we introduce a new excitation method using magnetic force to induce shear waves in phantoms and tissues. The shear waves were imaged using an Optical Coherence Tomography system with an A-scan rate of ~1.5 million a-lines per second and the speed of the waves were used to quantify elasticity of different concentrations of agar sampled and porcine liver. The OCE results acquired from this magnetic force excitation were compared with the mechanical compressional tests for validation. The results showed that magnetic force OCE and mechanical testing results were in good agreement, demonstrating the ability of magnetic force OCE to accurately quantify the Young’s modulus of tissue.
Compact ultrafast semiconductor disk laser for nonlinear imaging in living organisms (2011)

Ultrashort pulsed laser systems (such as Ti:sapphire) have been used in nonlinear microscopy during the last years. However, its implementation is not straight forward as they are maintenance-intensive, bulky and expensive. These limitations have prevented their wide-spread use for nonlinear imaging, especially in "real-life" biomedical applications. In this work we present the suitability of a compact ultrafast semiconductor disk laser source, with a footprint of 140x240x70 mm, to be used for nonlinear microscopy. The modelocking mechanism of the laser is based on a quantumdot semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM). The laser delivers an average output power of 287 mW with 1.5 ps pulses at 500 MHz, corresponding to a peak power of 0.4 kW. Its center wavelength is 965 nm which is ideally suited for two-photon excitation of the widely used Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) marker as it virtually matches its twophoton action cross section. We reveal that it is possible to obtain two photon excited fluorescence images of GFP labeled neurons and secondharmonic generation images of pharynx and body wall muscles in living <i>C. elegans</i> nematodes. Our results demonstrate that this compact laser is well suited for long-term time-lapse imaging of living samples as very low powers provide a bright signal. Importantly this non expensive, turn-key, compact laser system could be used as a platform to develop portable nonlinear bio-imaging devices, facilitating its wide-spread adoption in "real-life" applications.
Some Aspects on Inlet Blockage Affecting the Performance of a Heavy Duty Gas Turbine’s Exhaust Diffuser (2014)

Exhaust diffusers of heavy duty gas turbines significantly improve the performance of gas turbines. These diffusers typically differ from the simple and well investigated annular or conical diffusers because of the incorporated struts. The investigated model of such a typical exhaust diffuser consists of an annular duct with two rows of integrated struts and a Carnot diffuser downstream of the annular part. In this paper the influence of inlet blockage on the performance of gas turbine diffusers is numerically investigated. 3D-RANS calculations are performed applying the k-ω-SST-model. The numerical inlet conditions for the baseline are given by detailed experimental data acquired in a test rig. The results show that the impact of the inlet blockage on the diffuser flow can be split into two aspects, which both influence diffuser pressure recovery. The first aspect is the well-known reduction of effective area of the core flow leading to reduced pressure recovery feasibility. Secondly, it is observed that the inlet blockage has a significant influence on the structure of secondary flow in the vicinity of the diffuser struts affecting the diffuser pressure recovery. Using a simple correlation of the size of the secondary flow and the core flow the influence on pressure recovery is estimated. In sum, the aerodynamic performance of the annular diffuser and the first row of strut is of high importance and mainly depends on the inlet boundary conditions. Accordingly, these geometries need to be designed to their inlet conditions.
Combined ionic direct current and pulse frequency modulation improves the dynamic range of vestibular canal stimulation (2019)

Tonic iDC baselines increase the dynamic range of encoding head velocity evoked by pulsatile stimulation, potentially via the inhibition of spontaneous activity in the vestibular nerve.
Platelet-derived Growth Factor-BB and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Directly Interact in Vitro with High Affinity (2002)

Platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) are potent growth factors active on many cell types. The present study indicates that they directly interact in vitro. The interaction was investigated with overlay experiments, surface plasmon resonance experiments, and solid-phase immunoassays by immobilizing one factor or the other and by steady-state fluorescence analysis. The interaction observed was specific, dose-dependent, and saturable, and the bFGF/PDGF-BB binding stoichiometry was found to be 2:1. K(D)(1) for the first step equilibrium and the overall K(D) values were found to be in the nanomolar and in the picomolar range, respectively. Basic FGF/PDGF-BB interaction was strongly reduced as a function of time of PDGF-BB proteolysis. Furthermore, docking analysis suggested that the PDGF-BB region interacting with bFGF may overlap, at least in part, with the PDGF-BB receptor-binding site. This hypothesis was supported by surface plasmon resonance experiments showing that an anti-PDGF-BB antibody, known to inhibit PDGF-BB binding with its receptor, strongly reduced bFGF/PDGF-BB interaction, whereas a control antibody was ineffective. According to these data, the observed bFGF.PDGF-BB complex formation might explain, at least in part, previous observations showing that PDGF-BB chemotactic and mitogenic activity on smooth muscle cells are strongly inhibited in the presence of bFGF.
Highly efficient generation of THz pulses using laser pulses at telecommunication wavelengths (2006)

We demonstrate generation of few-cycle THz pulses through optical rectification in organic DAST crystals at telecommunication wavelength (1550 nm). An extremely high conversion efficiency is achieved through velocity-matching and the materialpsilas large nonlinear optical susceptibility.
An Automated Approach for Estimation of Breast Density (2008)

Breast density is a strong risk factor for breast cancer; however, no standard assessment method exists. An automated breast density method was modified and compared with a semi-automated, user-assisted thresholding method (Cumulus method) and the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System four-category tissue composition measure for their ability to predict future breast cancer risk. The three estimation methods were evaluated in a matched breast cancer case-control (n = 372 and n = 713, respectively) study at the Mayo Clinic using digitized film mammograms. Mammograms from the craniocaudal view of the noncancerous breast were acquired on average 7 years before diagnosis. Two controls with no previous history of breast cancer from the screening practice were matched to each case on age, number of previous screening mammograms, final screening exam date, menopausal status at this date, interval between earliest and latest available mammograms, and residence. Both Pearson linear correlation (R) and Spearman rank correlation (r) coefficients were used for comparing the three methods as appropriate. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the risk for breast cancer (odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals) associated with the quartiles of percent breast density (automated breast density method, Cumulus method) or Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System categories. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve was estimated and used to compare the discriminatory capabilities of each approach. The continuous measures (automated breast density method and Cumulus method) were highly correlated with each other (R = 0.70) but less with Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (r = 0.49 for automated breast density method and r = 0.57 for Cumulus method). Risk estimates associated with the lowest to highest quartiles of automated breast density method were greater in magnitude [odds ratios: 1.0 (reference), 2.3, 3.0, 5.2; P trend < 0.001] than the corresponding quartiles for the Cumulus method [odds ratios: 1.0 (reference), 1.7, 2.1, and 3.8; P trend < 0.001] and Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System [odds ratios: 1.0 (reference), 1.6, 1.5, 2.6; P trend < 0.001] method. However, all methods similarly discriminated between case and control status; areas under the receiver operator characteristic curve were 0.64, 0.63, and 0.61 for automated breast density method, Cumulus method, and Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System, respectively. The automated breast density method is a viable option for quantitatively assessing breast density from digitized film mammograms.
Methodology for Monobactam Diversification: Syntheses and Studies of 4-Thiomethyl Substituted β-Lactams with Activity against Gram-Negative Bacteria, Including Carbapenemase Producing <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (2017)

Bromine induced lactamization of vinyl acetohydroxamates facilitated syntheses of monocyclic β-lactams suitable for incorporation of a thiomethyl and extended functionality at the C(4) position. Elaboration of the resulting substituted N-hydroxy-2-azetidinones allowed incorporation of functionalized α-amino substituents appropriate for enhancement of antibiotic activity. Evaluation of antibacterial activity against a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria revealed structure-activity relationships (SAR) and identification of potent new monobactam antibiotics. The corresponding bis-catechol conjugate, 42, has excellent activity against Gram-negative bacteria including carbapenemase and carbacephalosporinase producing strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, which have been listed by the WHO as being of critical concern worldwide.
Synthesis of 2'-deoxy-L-fucopyranosylcarminomycinone and -.epsilon.-pyrromycinone as well as 2'-deoxy-D-erythro-pentopyranosyldaunomycinone, -carminomycinone, and -.epsilon.-pyrromycinone (1981)

Treatment of di-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-L-fucopyranosyl bromide with carminomycinone and epsilon-pyrromycinone in the presence of mercuric bromide and mercuric cyanide afforded 3',4'-diO-acetyl-2'-deoxy-L-fucopyranosylcarminomycinone and -epsilon-pyrromycinone. Similarly, when di-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-D-erythrho-pentopyranosyl chloride was treated with daunomycinone, carminomycinone and epsilon-pyrromycinone, the di-O-acetyl derivatives of the anthracyclinone glycosides were obtained. Deacetylation of the previous acetates with sodium methoxide afforded 2'-deoxy-L-fucopyranosylcarminomycinone and -epsilon-pyrromycinone, as well as 2'-deoxy-D-erythro-pentopyranosyldaunomycinone, -carminomycinone, and -epsilon-pyrromycinone. 2'-Deoxy-L-fucopyranosylcarminomycinone was found to be more active than carminomycin at higher dosages on L1210.
Vanadium garnet materials in the MnO-CaO-V sub 2 O sub 3 SiO sub 2 system (1992)

This patent describes a vanadium garnet material in the MnO-CaO-V{sub 2}O{sub 3}-SiO{sub 2} system, wherein the volume circumscribed by ABCDEA{prime}B{prime}C{prime}D{prime}E{prime} for a quaternary composition diagram of MnO, CaO, V{sub 2}O{sub 3}, and Si{sub 2} represents compositions of liquids with which the vanadium garnet is in equilibrium in the liquids volume and from which the vanadium garnet material is crystallized.
Evidence that recurrent Group A streptococcus tonsillitis is an immunosusceptibility disease involving antibody deficiency and aberrant Tfh cells (2018)

One Sentence Summary Recurrent tonsillitis is a multifactorial disease associated with an aberrant tonsillar germinal center response to Group A Streptococcus. ABSTRACT Recurrent Group A Streptococcus (GAS) tonsillitis (RT) is a common indication for pediatric tonsillectomy. ‘Strep throat’ is highly prevalent among children; yet, it is unknown why some children develop RT. To gain insights into this classic childhood disease, we performed phenotypic, genotypic, and functional studies on pediatric GAS RT and non-RT tonsils. We observed significantly smaller germinal centers in GAS RT tonsils, and underrepresentation of GAS-specific germinal center follicular helper (GC Tfh) CD4 + T cells. RT children exhibited reduced antibody responses to GAS virulence factor SpeA. Risk and protective HLA Class II alleles for RT were identified. Finally, SpeA induced granzyme B + GC Tfh cells in RT tonsils that had capacity to kill B cells. Together, these observations suggest that RT susceptibility can occur due to genetic differences that can result in aberrant GC Tfh cells and poor antibody responses to GAS SpeA.
Microseismic geomechanics of hydraulic-fracture networks: Insights into mechanisms of microseismic sources (2015)

Abstract Microseismic interpretation of hydraulic fracturing requires an understanding of the mechanism of the microseismic sources. Quantitative geomechanical models can predict microseismicity for quantitative comparison with field data and can be used to reconcile 3D seismic earth models, fracture engineering, and fracture monitoring. Because microseismicity represents only one component of the geomechanical response to hydraulic fracturing, a microseismic geomechanics framework can provide insights into the connection with the fracture network. During hydraulic fracturing, microseismicity can be induced by both fluid pressure and stress mechanisms, resulting in wet events directly associated with the fracture network and remote dry events. Accurate interpretation of the hydraulic-fracture characteristics requires distinguishing identification of dry microseismicity not in hydraulic connection with the stimulated fracture network. Predictive microseismic geomechanical models also can be used to infer the primary, conductive hydraulic-fracture networks and to run scenario testing to improve engineering design.
Single quantum well edge emitting broadband LED (1990)

The use of a single quantum well structure in an effort to develop an edge emitting LED with an extremely broad spectral width has been studied. The device is unique in that it utilises the gain saturation effect in the quantum well structure to populate the quantised n = 2 sublevel of the quantum well. The resultant device has an extremely broad output spectral width of over 95 nm (FWHM) and emits 3.2 mW at a drive current of 200 mA. The distinctive step-like spectral response exhibits two levels which can be attributed to the quantised n = 1 and n = 2 sublevels of the 100 Å single quantum well.
High capacity hydrogenstorage materials: attributes for automotive applications and techniques for materials discovery (2009)

Widespread adoption of hydrogen as a vehicular fuel depends critically upon the ability to store hydrogen on-board at high volumetric and gravimetric densities, as well as on the ability to extract/insert it at sufficiently rapid rates. As current storage methods based on physical means--high-pressure gas or (cryogenic) liquefaction--are unlikely to satisfy targets for performance and cost, a global research effort focusing on the development of chemical means for storing hydrogen in condensed phases has recently emerged. At present, no known material exhibits a combination of properties that would enable high-volume automotive applications. Thus new materials with improved performance, or new approaches to the synthesis and/or processing of existing materials, are highly desirable. In this critical review we provide a practical introduction to the field of hydrogen storage materials research, with an emphasis on (i) the properties necessary for a viable storage material, (ii) the computational and experimental techniques commonly employed in determining these attributes, and (iii) the classes of materials being pursued as candidate storage compounds. Starting from the general requirements of a fuel cell vehicle, we summarize how these requirements translate into desired characteristics for the hydrogen storage material. Key amongst these are: (a) high gravimetric and volumetric hydrogen density, (b) thermodynamics that allow for reversible hydrogen uptake/release under near-ambient conditions, and (c) fast reaction kinetics. To further illustrate these attributes, the four major classes of candidate storage materials--conventional metal hydrides, chemical hydrides, complex hydrides, and sorbent systems--are introduced and their respective performance and prospects for improvement in each of these areas is discussed. Finally, we review the most valuable experimental and computational techniques for determining these attributes, highlighting how an approach that couples computational modeling with experiments can significantly accelerate the discovery of novel storage materials (155 references).
Synergistic graph and SQL analytics inside IBM Db2 (2019)

To meet the challenge of analyzing rapidly growing graph and network data created by modern applications, a large number of specialized graph databases have emerged, such as Neo4j, JanusGraph, and Sqlg. At the same time, RDBMSs and SQL continue to support mission-critical business analytics. However, real-life analytical applications seldom contain only one type of analytics. They are often made of heterogeneous workloads, including SQL, machine learning, graph, and other analytics. In particular, SQL and graph analytics are usually accompanied together in one analytical workload. This means that graph and SQL analytics need to be synergistic with each other. Unfortunately, most existing graph databases are standalone and cannot easily integrate with relational databases. In addition, as a matter of fact, many graph data (data about relationships between objects or people) are already prevalent in relational databases, although they are not explicitly stored as graphs. Performing graph analytics on these relational graph data today requires exporting large amount of data to the specialized graph databases. A natural question arises: can SQL and graph analytics be performed synergistically in a same system? In this demo, we present such a working system called IBM Db2 Graph. Db2 Graph is an in-DBMS graph query approach. It is implemented as a layer inside an experimental IBM Db2™, and thus can support synergistic graph and SQL analytics efficiently. Db2 Graph employs a graph overlay approach to expose a graph view of the relational data. This approach flexibly retrofits graph queries to existing graph data stored in relational tables. We use an example scenario on health insurance claim analysis to demonstrate how Db2 Graph is used to support synergistic graph and SQL analytics inside Db2.
Suppression of microstructural coarsening and creep deformation in a lead-free solder (1994)

Bi-43% Sn eutectic solder [melting point (m.p.)∼139 °C] undergoes extensive microstructural coarsening and severe creep deformation under stresses at temperatures near 100 °C. It is shown that a relatively uniform dispersion in the solder of essentially insoluble particles such as iron can be accomplished by use of a magnetic field, and that the presence of these dispersoid particles significantly reduces microstructural coarsening and resultant accelerating tertiary creep rates. The useful service ranges of this Bi-Sn lead-free solder can thus be raised to much higher homologous temperatures, allowing its use at or exposure to elevated temperatures (near 100 °C) which are typical for the widely used, lead-containing, eutectic Pb-63-Sn solder alloy (m.p.∼183 °C), but with a greatly reduced creep rate.