gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
X-shaped phononic crystals for side lobe reduction in ultra high frequency slanted finger inter-digitated aluminum nitride lamb wave transducers (2012)

This paper reports, for the first time, an approach to suppress the side lobe magnitude of aluminum nitride (AlN) Lamb wave slanted finger interdigital transducer (SFIT) delay lines by engineering and integrating an X-shaped phononic crystal (X-PnC) in the structure. The X-PnC generates two frequency bandgaps that sandwich the delay line pass-band around 780 MHz. The acoustic isolation provided by these two frequency bandgaps for longitudinal modes results in a side lobe reduction of 10 dB. The combined result of the X-PnC and the delay line displays an unaltered bandwidth similar to the standalone delay line with a minimum 23 dB of insertion loss and a smooth (almost flat) out-of-band response. These preliminary results demonstrate the feasibility of integrating PnCs with radio frequency electroacoustic devices, and especially show a practical utilization of micromachined PnCs.
Further Characterization and Structural Studies on Human Placenta Lectin1 (1987)

The properties of a previously purified beta-galactoside-binding lectin of human placenta were studied in detail. Isoelectric focusing gave multiple bands around pH 4.9, although the lectin preparation was homogenous in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. High-performance gel chromatography suggested that the lectin exists mainly as the monomer and that a small fraction forms a dimer. From all the criteria examined, human placenta lectin resembles one of the chick lectins obtained from embryonic skin or adult intestine (subunit molecular weight: 14,000). The lectin was inactivated by thiol-modifying reagents, p-chloromercuribenzoic acid and N-ethylmaleimide. Reduced and carboxymethylated lectin contained five carboxymethylated cysteines per subunit, and five free thiol groups were titrated by using 5,5'-dithio-bis(2-nitrobenzoic acid). Preliminary sequence analysis showed the presence of a region highly homologous to the corresponding region of the chick lectin (13 identical residues out of 18 from number 70 to 87 of the chick lectin), suggesting a close evolutionary relation between these lectins and the importance of this conserved region in the function of the lectins.
Reasonable Reinforcement Ratio of CRC+AC Composite Asphalt Pavements (2013)

The longitudinal reinforcement design was analyzed under current specifications of cement concrete pavement design for highway, considering the structural characteristics and limitations of existing studies on continuously reinforced concrete and asphalt concrete (CRC+AC) composite pavements. By using heat transfer theory and the finite element method, the temperature effect of the asphalt concrete (AC) layer was examined, and the influence of the temperature effect on the longitudinal reinforcement ratio of CRC+AC composite pavements was calculated and analyzed. The results show that (1) the longitudinal reinforcement design of CRC+AC composite pavements can disregard spalling, seepage, and thrust failure and only consider the tensile failure of reinforcement; (2) the longitudinal reinforcement ratio of CRC+AC composite pavements can be reduced through the efficient heat insulation of the AC layer, for instance, when the thickness of the AC layer is 10 cm, the longitudinal reinforcement ratio of the CRC layer can be reduced by approximately 0.12%; and (3) the sliding stent is recommended to be used in reinforcement erection, with banding method employed for jointing longitudinal reinforcement with an overlapped length that is approximately 35 times of the reinforcement diameter.
Damping of PWM Current-Source Rectifier Using a Hybrid Combination Approach (2006)

An LC filter is normally required at the input of a PWM current source rectifier (CSR), to assist the commutation of switching devices and to mitigate the line current harmonics. To dampen the LC resonance introduced by the input filter, an effective damping method is proposed in this paper by using a hybrid combination of the virtual harmonic resistive damper and a three-step control signal compensator. The virtual harmonic resistor, which is immune to the system parameter variations, can dampen the LC resonance caused by the external disturbance or control command changes without affecting the fundamental power flow. But the high pass filter used for fundamental component elimination leads to poor dynamics. Therefore a three-step compensator is designed and is simply inserted in the DC current closed-loop control path which can effectively eliminate the resonance within the control loop by shaping the modulation signal. Compared to the two-step Posicast controller, the proposed three-step compensator has significant implementation advantages in medium voltage CSR, where a low switching frequency is needed. By using a hybrid combination approach, the dynamics of the virtual harmonic resistor can be improved with the transient overshoot mitigated by the three-step compensator. At the same time, the parameter sensitivity of the three-step compensator can be reduced, as any residual resonant oscillations can be dampened by the virtual resistor. Simulation and experimental results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach
A Survey on Temporal Coherence Methods in Real-Time Rendering (2011)

Nowadays, there is a strong trend towards rendering to higher-resolution displays and at high frame rates. This development aims at delivering more detail and better accuracy, but it also comes at a significant cost. Although graphics cards continue to evolve with an ever-increasing amount of computational power, the processing gain is counteracted to a high degree by increasingly complex and sophisticated pixel computations. For real-time applications, the direct consequence is that image resolution and temporal resolution are often the first candidates to bow to the performance constraints (e.g., although full HD is possible, PS3 and XBox often render at lower resolutions). In order to achieve high-quality rendering at a lower cost, one can exploit temporal coherence (TC). The underlying observation is that a higher resolution and frame rate do not necessarily imply a much higher workload, but a larger amount of redundancy and a higher potential for amortizing rendering over several frames. In this state-of-the-art report, we investigate methods that make use of this principle and provide practical and theoretical advice on how to exploit temporal coherence for performance optimization. These methods not only allow incorporating more computationally intensive shading effects into many existing applications, but also offer exciting opportunities for extending high-end graphics applications to lower-spec consumer-level hardware. To this end, we first introduce the notion and main concepts of TC, including an overview of historical methods. We then describe a key data structure, the so-called reprojection cache, with several supporting algorithms that facilitate reusing shading information from previous frames, and finally illustrated its usefulness in various applications.
Cutaneous allodynia as a predictor of migraine chronification (2013)

Cutaneous allodynia is a common feature accompanying migraine attacks and considered a clinical marker for central sensitization. In a longitudinal study, we wanted to investigate if allodynia in migraine patients is a predictor of increasing frequency of migraine days. We included 3029 well-defined, web-based migraine patients (86% female, mean age 42.8 ± 11.4 years, 61% migraine without aura). Questionnaires on migraine characteristics (including allodynia), depression and demographic factors were applied. The number of migraine days was measured twice. Multivariate regression models were used, with correction for other factors that are involved in the relation between allodynia and the number of migraine attacks or migraine days, with specific focus on depression. Of all 2331 eligible migraine patients, 1624 (70%) had allodynia. Lifetime depression was an independent risk factor for allodynia (odds ratio 1.52, 95% confidence interval 1.26-1.84), as well as female gender, low age at onset, and high migraine attack frequency. Analysis of the longitudinal data (in migraineurs with a follow-up period of >6 months) showed that, apart from the known risk factors (low age at onset, high baseline number of migraine days, and depression), allodynia was an independent predictor for increase in number of migraine days over a mean follow-up period of 93 ± 30 weeks (median 103 weeks, range 26-160 weeks). Cutaneous allodynia is a risk factor for migraine chronification and may warrant preventive treatment strategies.
Hardening Containers for Cross-Domain Applications (2019)

Cross-domain platforms control the sharing of information at multiple classification levels. For example, some cross-domain systems allow a single user to view multiple screens, at different security classification levels, on a single monitor. The core security guarantees rest on a base-of-trust in hardware established primarily through hypervisor technology. Unfortunately, over the years, hypervisors and their associated management interfaces have steadily grown in complexity, to the point where they now exceed the size of the operating system kernels they seek to protect. This has made it increasingly difficult to verify security properties in the face of kernel-level zero-day exploits and advanced persistent threats. At the same time, there has been a radical shift in computing methodology motivated by the realization that reliable deployment at scale requires an application to be associated with a specific operating system version with carefully designated libraries. This realization has resulted in an alternative computing paradigm - containers - that wrap application attributes and execute through a shared kernel. This paper describes a novel embedded systems technology, the nano-marshal: a light-weight container system, compliant with the Open Containers Initiative (OCI), that supports cross-domain applications. The system permits container security to be hardened through innovative hardware mechanisms, hidden within Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA's).
Designing the TFP microprocessor (1994)

Designed to efficiently support large, real-world, floating-point-intensive applications, the TFP (short for Tremendous Floating-Point) microprocessor is a superscalar implementation of the Mips Technologies architecture. This floating-point, computation-oriented processor uses a superscalar machine organization that dispatches up to four instructions each clock cycle to two floating-point execution units, two memory load/store units, and two integer execution units. Its split-level cache structure reduces cache misses by directing integer data references to a 16-Kbyte on-chip cache, while channeling floating-point data references off chip to a 4 Mbyte cache.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Comprehensive review on current developments of quinoline-based anticancer agents (2016)

Among heterocyclic compounds, quinoline scaffold has become an important construction motif for the development of new drugs. Quinoline and its derivatives possess many types of biological activities and have been reported to show significant anticancer activity. Quinoline compounds play an important role in anticancer drug development as they have shown excellent results through different mechanism of action such as growth inhibitors by cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis, disruption of cell migration and modulation. A number of quinoline derivatives have been reported till date for their anticancer activity. The present review, summarizes various mono-, di-, tri-, tetra- and heterocyclic substituent quinoline derivatives with potential anticancer activity. Their mechanism of action and possible structure activity relationship has also been discussed. Keywords: Anticancer, Quinoline, Quinoline derivatives, Structure-activity relationship
Particle Charging in DC Corona Fields (1982)

After a brief review of the currently accepted theory of particle charging in corona fields in air by both ionic bombardment and diffusion in the dark space surrounding the dc corona glow, the paper presents some of the recently published findings on particle charging within the corona glow. The study was made possible by the discovery that additions of CO2 to air in a 5 to 20% range will increase a cylindrical positive corona glow to a size which is sufficiently large to allow particles to be dropped on to various trajectories parallel to the corona wire and their charge to be measured. The influence of the shape of the particles when exposed to corona charging is also discussed.
Position Bias Estimation for Unbiased Learning to Rank in Personal Search (2018)

A well-known challenge in learning from click data is its inherent bias and most notably position bias. Traditional click models aim to extract the ‹query, document› relevance and the estimated bias is usually discarded after relevance is extracted. In contrast, the most recent work on unbiased learning-to-rank can effectively leverage the bias and thus focuses on estimating bias rather than relevance [20, 31]. Existing approaches use search result randomization over a small percentage of production traffic to estimate the position bias. This is not desired because result randomization can negatively impact users' search experience. In this paper, we compare different schemes for result randomization (i.e., RandTopN and RandPair) and show their negative effect in personal search. Then we study how to infer such bias from regular click data without relying on randomization. We propose a regression-based Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm that is based on a position bias click model and that can handle highly sparse clicks in personal search. We evaluate our EM algorithm and the extracted bias in the learning-to-rank setting. Our results show that it is promising to extract position bias from regular clicks without result randomization. The extracted bias can improve the learning-to-rank algorithms significantly. In addition, we compare the pointwise and pairwise learning-to-rank models. Our results show that pairwise models are more effective in leveraging the estimated bias.
Immunoinformatic based identification of cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes from the Indian isolate of SARS-CoV-2 (2021)

The Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has turned into a pandemic with about thirty million confirmed cases worldwide as of September 2020. Being an airborne infection, it can be catastrophic to populous countries like India. This study sets to identify potential cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes in the SARS-CoV-2 Indian isolate which can act as an effective vaccine epitope candidate for the majority of the Indian population. The immunogenicity and the foreignness of the epitopes towards the human body have to be studied to further confirm their candidacy. The top-scoring epitopes were subjected to molecular docking studies to study their interactions with the corresponding human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system. The CTL epitopes were observed to bind at the peptide-binding groove of the corresponding HLA system, indicating their potency as an epitope candidate. The candidacy was further analyzed using sequence conservation studies and molecular dynamics simulation. The identified epitopes can be subjected to further studies for the development of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.
RF MEMS tunable capacitor applications in mobile phones (2010)

It is very desirable to have tunable or reconfigurable RF front-end and devices for the modern wireless mobile phones since they need to operate over multiple bands, ranging from 700 MHz to 2700 MHz. The role of MEMS tunable capacitors with high Q factors is crucial in the tunable RF front-end for the modern mobile phones. In this paper, we will show the attractive performance of MEMS tunable capacitors in some important applications such as impedance matching, tunable filters, and tunable mobile antennas.
거짓말 및 자백의 심리분석에 관한 고찰 (2014)

범죄피의자의 수사에서 확실한 증거가 발견된 경우는 크게 문제가 되지 않겠지만, 증거가 불충분한 경우에는 수사관이 피의자와의 신문과정에서 그가 거짓말하고 있는지의 여부를 알아차리는 것이 필수적이라고 할 것이다. 거짓말의 국어사전적 의미는 아닌 것을 사실인 것처럼 꾸며 대어 말을 함. 또는 그런 말이라고 되어 있는데, 거짓말이란 화자(話者)가 고의적으로 타인을 속이는 행위와 상대방(메시지 수용자)이 알고 싶어 한다는 것을 알면서도 숨기는 행위를 모두 포함하는 것으로 정의한다. 즉, 거짓말에는 능동적으로 거짓사실을 말하는 것과 수동적으로 밝히지 않는 것을 모두 포함하는데, 사실을 감추려는 동기가 거짓말의 정의에서 가장 핵심적인 요소이다. 사실이 아닌 정보를 전달하거나 일부러 빠뜨리고 전달하는 것은 일상적인 대화에서 흔히 발생한다. 그러나 메시지를 전달하는 사람이 사실과 다른 정보를 전달하려는 의도가 없었을 경우에는 수용자는 그것을 거짓이라고 받아들이기보다는 실수나 무지의 소산이라고 받아들인다. 어떤 메시지가 거짓으로 여겨지기 위해서는, 그것을 지각하는 상대방이 기대하는 정보를 고의로 왜곡하거나 누락시켜서 속이려는 의도가 없었음을 지각할 수 있어야 한다. 따라서 거짓말쟁이는 그릇된 메시지를 전달하거나 필요한 정보를 아예 전달하지 않고 상대방에게 자신의 진실함을 확신시키려는 사람이다. 일상생활에서 사람들이 거짓말이라고 부르는 경우에는 단순히 메시지의 내용만을 일컫는 것이 아니라 전달자의 동기나 의도가 어떠한지를 내포하고 있다. 사람들은 정직한 오류와 거짓말을 비교적 쉽게 구분할 수 있다. 이러한 동기적 정의의 맥락에서 본다면, 거짓말쟁이는 거짓말을 할지 말지를 선택할 수 있는 사람이므로 편집적 망상에 의해서 사실이 아닌 것을 말하는 사람이나 병적인 거짓말쟁이나 어떤 이유에서건 자신의 그릇된 정보를 믿는 사람은 거짓말쟁이에 포함되지 않는다. 이하에서는 거짓말의 심리구조, 자백의 이유 및 그에 대한 심리구조에 대하여 살펴보고자 한다.
Traffic model for USA long-distance optical network (2002)

Voice, transaction data, and Internet traffic models are developed and used to estimate the traffic demand and growth between major US cities. Shortest path routing is used to estimate the capacity required on individual links, as well as traffic granularity and the fraction of traffic dropped at each city.
A “Renaissance” in Radical Trifluoromethylation (2012)

This Minireview highlights recent developments in radical trifluoromethylation reactions. The trifluoromethyl group belongs to the privileged moieties in medicinal chemistry. Many drugs and drug candidates contain a trifluoromethyl substituent. Also in agrochemicals, the CF(3) moiety often appears. The present article addresses the radical trifluoromethylation of alkenes and arenes mainly focussing on recent achievements. However, important earlier work in this field is also covered.
Single-mode operation of an injection-seeded alexandrite ring laser for application in water-vapor and temperature differential absorption lidar (1996)

A major improvement of a differential absorption lidar (DIAL) system for measurements of tropospheric water vapor and temperature is introduced. A Q-switched unidirectional alexandrite ring laser is injection seeded by a cw Ti:sapphire ring laser. Using an especially developed single-mode electronic, one starts the Q switch when the slave resonator is in resonance with the frequency of the Ti:sapphire laser. Long-term single-mode operation of the alexandrite laser is achieved. A single-shot spectral linewidth of <40 MHz and a frequency stability of 15 MHz rms can be specified. Thus what is to our knowledge the first single-mode DIAL system in the near infrared is presented.
Loop concatenation and loop replication to improve Blazelan performance (1990)

Blazelan is an extended bus local-area network that provides high-throughput low-latency communication and can be used for distributed and parallel processing systems. The basic network design and operation are presented, and two techniques are introduced to increase the network capacity: loop concatenation and loop replication. It is shown that with the two techniques, the Blazelan capacity approaches that of the output queuing system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Event-Based Feature Detection, Recognition and Classification (2016)

One of the fundamental tasks underlying much of computer vision is the detection, tracking and recognition of visual features. It is an inherently difficult and challenging problem, and despite the advances in computational power, pixel resolution, and frame rates, even the state-of-the-art methods fall far short of the robustness, reliability and energy consumption of biological vision systems. Silicon retinas, such as the Dynamic Vision Sensor (DVS) and Asynchronous Time-based Imaging Sensor (ATIS), attempt to replicate some of the benefits of biological retinas and provide a vastly different paradigm in which to sense and process the visual world. Tasks such as tracking and object recognition still require the identification and matching of local visual features, but the detection, extraction and recognition of features requires a fundamentally different approach, and the methods that are commonly applied to conventional imaging are not directly applicable. This thesis explores methods to detect features in the spatio-temporal information from event-based vision sensors. The nature of features in such data is explored, and methods to determine and detect features are demonstrated. A framework for detecting, tracking, recognising and classifying features is developed and validated using real-world data and event-based variations of existing computer vision datasets and benchmarks. The results presented in this thesis demonstrate the potential and efficacy of event-based systems. This work provides an in-depth analysis of different event-based methods for object recognition and classification and introduces two feature-based methods. Two learning systems, one event-based and the other iterative, were used to explore the nature and classification ability of these methods. The results demonstrate the viability of event-based classification and the importance and role of motion in event-based feature detection.
Rhabdomyolysis and Acute Kidney Injury (2009)

The causes of acute rhabdomyolysis include trauma, drugs, toxins, and certain infections. Acute kidney injury is a dangerous complication of severe rhabdomyolysis. This review summarizes current views on the pathogenesis of myoglobin-induced kidney injury as well as on its prevention and treatment.
Excessive vomiting in pregnancy, active component service women, U.S. Armed Forces, 2005-2014. (2016)

Up to 80% of women experience some form of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. However, in some women, nausea and vomiting can be excessive and require inpatient and/or outpatient treatment. Data were obtained on 149,071 live births from 116,510 service women from 1 January 2005 through 31 December 2014. A total of 19,175 of the service women with live births had pregnancies complicated by excessive vomiting in pregnancy (EVP) and accounted for 20,511 EVP cases (overall rate of 13.8%). Mild and severe hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) combined accounted for almost two-thirds of the total EVP cases. The slight increase observed in the annual rate of EVP between 2005 and 2014 was driven largely by the outpatient trend for mild HG. Together, mild and severe HG accounted for three-quarters of all hospital bed days for EVP. About one-third of the women with EVP-complicated pregnancies had two or more EVP-related medical encounters. A better awareness of this medical condition, severity of its symptoms, and their effect on a woman's functioning is needed to provide effective interventions that protect a woman's health-related functional status.
Thymosin Fraction V and Intensive Combination Chemotherapy (1979)

Patients with small-cell bronchogenic carcinoma who received intensive remission-induction chemotherapy randomly received either thymosin fraction V, 60 mg/sq m or 20 mg/sq m twice weekly, or no thymosin treatment during the initial six weeks of chemotherapy. Chemotherapy was then continued for two years. Thymosin administration did not increase the complete response rate. Patients receiving thymosin, 60 mg/sq m, had significantly prolonged survival times relative to the other treatment groups. This benefit was due to prolonged relapse-free survival in complete responders to treatment. The mechanism by which thymosin increased survival duration is unclear but may relate to restoration of immune deficits due to disease or treatment.