gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic Engineering of Novel Bluer-Colored Chrysanthemums Produced by Accumulation of Delphinidin-Based Anthocyanins (2013)

Chrysanthemums (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) have no purple-, violet- or blue-flowered cultivars because they lack delphinidin-based anthocyanins. This deficiency is due to the absence of the flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase gene (F3'5'H), which encodes the key enzyme for delphinidin biosynthesis. In F3'5'H-transformed chrysanthemums, unpredictable and unstable expression levels have hampered successful production of delphinidin and reduced desired changes in flower color. With the aim of achieving delphinidin production in chrysanthemum petals, we found that anthocyanin biosynthetic gene promoters combined with a translational enhancer increased expression of some F3'5'H genes and accompanying delphinidin-based anthocyanin accumulation in transgenic chrysanthemums. Dramatic accumulation of delphinidin (up to 95%) was achieved by simple overexpression of Campanula F3'5'H controlled by a petal-specific flavanone 3-hydroxylase promoter from chrysanthemum combined with the 5'-untranslated region of the alcohol dehydrogenase gene as a translational enhancer. The flower colors of transgenic lines producing delphinidin-based anthocyanins changed from a red-purple to a purple-violet hue in the Royal Horticultural Society Colour Charts. This result represents a promising step toward molecular breeding of blue chrysanthemums.
<title>Developing an optical fiber reflectance spectrometer to monitor bilirubinemia in neonates</title> (1997)

The paper presents the basics underlying development of an optical fiber spectrometer for measurement of skin bilirubin in new-born infants. It is possible to directly deduce the bilirubin levels in the skin using first principles of optical transport, rather than relying on a calibration study in a test population of neonatal subjects where optical measurements are correlated with laboratory serum levels of bilirubin. The optical method reported here measures cutaneous bilirubin despite variations in fibrillar development of the dermis, epidermal melanin content, or cutaneous blood content.
(Invited) Molecular Engineering of Aromatic Polymer Electrolytes for Anion Exchange Membranes (2017)

This study will present an overview of recent AEMs developed at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Various structures of polymer backbones including styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene block copolymer (SEBS), and poly(biphenyl alkylene), and poly (terphenyl alkylene) and different quaternary ammonium head groups were developed based on rational design of molecular engineering approach and their alkaline stability and hydroxide ion conductivity were investigated for above 80 °C AEM applications. A systematic study of relationships between polymer structure and AEM property such as ion exchange capacity (IEC), water uptake, hydration number, OH- conductivity, and fuel cell performance was conducted and their results will be discussed.
Variable Stiffness Mechanism for Suppressing Unintended Forces in Physical Human–Robot Interaction (2018)

This paper presents the design of a two-degrees-of-freedom (DoFs) variable stiffness mechanism and demonstrates how its adjustable compliance can enhance the robustness of physical human–robot interaction. Compliance on the grasp handle is achieved by suspending it in between magnets in preloaded repelling configuration to act as nonlinear springs. By adjusting the air gaps between the outer magnets, the stiffness of the mechanism in each direction can be adjusted independently. Moreover, the capability of the proposed design in suppressing unintended interaction forces is evaluated in two different experiments. In the first experiment, improper admittance controller gain leads to unstable interaction, whereas in the second case, high-frequency involuntary forces are caused by the tremor.
Efficient, regiospecific synthesis of (.+-.)-daunomycinone (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleEfficient, regiospecific synthesis of (.+-.)-daunomycinoneT. Ross Kelly, Jacob Vaya, and L. AnanthasubramanianCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 18, 5983–5984Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00538a081https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00538a081research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views200Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A General-Purpose Test Facility for Evaluating Gas Lubricated Thrust Bearings (2020)

Abstract The design, construction, operational capabilities, and proof of concept results are presented for a test rig used to evaluate gas-lubricated thrust bearings. The following work is motivated by a desire to utilize the working fluid of high-performance turbomachinery, such as gas turbines, for bearing lubricant. Auxiliary equipment required to cool, pump, and clean oil for a typical thrust bearing is eliminated by taking advantage of the turbomachinery’s working fluid as bearing lubricant. The benefit of removing such auxiliary equipment is obvious when considering cost and weight of turbomachines, yet the working fluid of gas turbines typically has very low viscosity compared to oil which introduces load capacity and stability challenges. It is therefore necessary to build a facility capable of testing gas-lubricated thrust bearings to advance the technology. The test rig design in this work allows for 7 to 15 inch (180–380 mm) diameter thrust bearings, static loads up to 30,000 lbf (135 kN), and speeds up to 20 krpm. The test facility also provides up to 500 psig (3.45 MPa) static air pressure to enable testing of hydrostatic and hybrid (hydrodynamic combined with hydrostatic) bearings. This paper describes the test rig operating principle, details experimental procedures to obtain measurements, and provides test results necessary to prove the test rig concept by means of a hybrid gas bearing.
Uncorq: Unconstrained Snoop Request Delivery in Embedded-Ring Multiprocessors (2007)

Snoopy cache coherence can be implemented in any physical network topology by embedding a logical unidirectional ring in the network. Control messages are forwarded using the ring, while other messages can use any path. While the resulting coherence protocols are inexpensive to implement, they enable many ways of overlapping multiple transactions that access the same line-making it hard to reason about correctness. Moreover, snoop requests are required to traverse the ring, therefore lengthening coherence transaction latencies. In this paper, we address these problems and make two main contributions. First, we introduce the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ordering</i> invariant, which ensures the correct serialization of colliding transactions in embedded-ring protocols. Second, based on this invariant, we remove the requirement that snoop requests traverse the ring. Instead, they are delivered using any network path, as long as snoop responses - which are typically off the critical path - use the logical ring. This approach substantially reduces coherence transaction latency. We call the resulting protocol <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Uncorq</i> . We show that, on a 64-node chip multiprocessor (CMP), Uncorq improves the performance, on average, by 23% for SPLASH-2 applications and by 10% for commercial applications. With an additional simple prefetching optimization, the performance improvement is, on average, 26% for SPLASH-2 applications and 18% for commercial applications.
Backward Adaptation for Power Efficient Sampling (2014)

Advances in sampling and coding theory have contributed significantly towards lowering power consumption of resource-constrained devices, e.g. battery-operated sensor nodes, enabling them to operate for extended periods of time. In this paper, rate and energy efficiency of a recently proposed adaptive nonuniform sampling framework by Feizi <etal xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/> , called Time-Stampless Adaptive Nonuniform Sampling (TANS), is examined and compared against state-of-the-art methods. TANS addresses one of the main limitations of nonuniform sampling schemes: sampling times do not need to be stored/transmitted since they can be computed using a function of previously taken samples. The sampling rate is adapted continuously with the aim of reducing the rate and therefore the energy consumption of the sampling process when the signal is varying slowly. Three TANS methods are proposed for different signal models and sampling requirements: i) TANS by polynomial extrapolation, which only assumes the third derivative of the signal is bounded but requires no other specific knowledge of the signal; ii) TANS by incremental variation, where the sampling time intervals are chosen from a lattice; and iii) TANS constrained to a finite set of sampling rates. Practical implementation details of TANS are discussed, and its rate and energy performance are compared with uniform sampling followed by a transformation-based compression, nonuniform sampling, and compressed sensing. Our results demonstrate that TANS provides significant improvements in terms of both the rate-distortion performance and the energy consumption compared against the other approaches.
Design considerations for integrated mobile phone antennas (2001)

Based on the investigation of the board effect on the bandwidth of integrated antennas for mobile phones a concept for a tripleband antenna suitable for GSM/DCS/PCS is developed. The antenna concept comprises a parasitic element to enlarge the bandwidth. The performance of the antenna is analyzed by means of numerical simulations based on the FDTD method.
A Background-Free Direction-Sensitive Neutron Detector (2010)

The detection and measurements of properties of neutrons are of great importance in many fields of research, including neutron scattering and radiography, measurements of solar and cosmic-ray neutron flux, measurements of neutron interaction cross sections, monitoring of neutrons at nuclear facilities, oil exploration, and searches for fissile weapons of mass destruction. Many neutron detectors are plagued by large backgrounds from X-rays and gamma rays, and most current neutron detectors lack single-event energy sensitivity or any information on neutron directionality. Even the best detectors are limited by cosmic ray neutron backgrounds. All applications would benefit from improved neutron detection sensitivity and improved measurements of neutron properties. Here, we show data from a new type of detector that can be used to determine neutron flux, energy distribution, and direction of neutron motion. The detector is free of backgrounds from X-rays, gamma rays, beta particles, and relativistic singly charged particles. It is relatively insensitive to cosmic ray neutrons because of their distinctive angular and energy distributions. It is sensitive to thermal neutrons, fission spectrum neutrons, and high-energy neutrons, with detection features distinctive for each energy range. It is capable of determining the location of a source of fission neutrons based on characteristics of elastic scattering of neutrons by helium nuclei. A portable detector could identify 1 g of reactor grade plutonium 1 m away with less than 1 min of observation time.
MATE-Seq: Microfluidic Antigen-TCR Engagement Sequencing (2019)

Abstract Adaptive immunity is based on peptide antigen recognition. Our ability to harness the immune system for therapeutic gain relies on the discovery of the T cell receptor (TCR) genes that selectively target antigens from infections, mutated proteins, and foreign agents. Here we present a method that selectively labels peptide antigen-specific CD8+ T-cells in human blood using magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with peptide-MHC tetramers, isolates these specific cells within an integrated microfluidic device, and directly amplifies the TCR genes for sequencing. Critically, the identity of the peptide recognized by the TCR is preserved, providing the link between peptide and gene. The platform requires inputs on the order of just 100,000 CD8+ T cells, can be multiplexed for simultaneous analysis of multiple peptides, and performs sorting and isolation on chip. We demonstrate 1000-fold sensitivity enhancement of antigen-specific T-cell receptor detection and simultaneous capture of two virus antigen-specific T-cell receptors from samples of human blood.
Alterations in gait parameters with peripheral artery disease: The importance of pre-frailty as a confounding variable (2016)

Although poor walking is the most common symptom of peripheral artery disease (PAD), reported results are inconsistent when comparing gait parameters between PAD patients and healthy controls. This inconsistency may be due to frailty, which is highly prevalent among PAD patients. To address this hypothesis, 41 participants, 17 PAD (74±8 years) and 24 aged-matched controls (76±7 years), were recruited. Gait was objectively assessed using validated wearable sensors. Analysis of covariate (ANCOVA) tests were used to compare gait parameters between PAD and non-PAD groups, considering age, gender, and body mass index as covariates, while stratified based on frailty status. According to the Fried frailty index, 47% of PAD and 50% of control participants were non-frail and the rest were classified as pre-frail. Within non-frail participants, gait speed, body sway during walking, stride length, gait cycle time, double-support, knee range of motion, speed variability, mid-swing speed, and gait initiation were significantly different between PAD and control groups (effect size d = 0.75±0.43). In the pre-frail group, however, most of the gait differences were diminished except for gait initiation and gait variability. Results suggest that gait initiation is the most sensitive parameter for detecting gait impairment in PAD participants when compared to controls, regardless of frailty status (d = 1.30-1.41; p<0.050). The observed interaction effect between frailty and PAD on gait parameters confirms the importance of assessing functionality in addition to age to provide more consistency in detecting motor performance impairments due to PAD.
Real-time 3D measurement of freeform surfaces by dynamic deflectometry based on diagonal spatial carrier-frequency pattern projection (2022)

Deflectometry is a three-dimensional optical technique based on structured light projection for measuring and inspecting specular freeform surfaces. Conventional deflectometry method needs complicated calibration and time-consuming phase-extraction algorithm, which are not suitable for industrial metrology requiring dynamic and high-speed measurement. In this paper, a novel dynamic deflectometry method with a simple system setup and calibration is proposed for the three-dimensional measurement of specular freeform surfaces with high speed and high accuracy. We developed a very simple calibration method using a reference flat mirror which helps to save calibration time and computer resources. We also proposed a one-shot method by using a spatial carrier-frequency diagonal fringe pattern for screen projection along with an algorithm to separate a diagonal phase into vertical and horizontal phases. We extensively evaluated the feasibility of proposed calibration and one-shot method by different simulations and measuring several specular surfaces experimentally. Our novel deflectometry gives similar measurement accuracy compared to traditional contact measurement technique while offering much higher measurement speed. Dynamic surface shape measurement of silicon wafer due to temperature’s variation proved the real-time measurement ability of our proposed method.
Parallel xml parsing (2009)

XML has been widely adopted across a spectrum of applications. Its parsing efficiency, however, remains a concern and can be a bottleneck. With the prevalence of multicore CPUs, parallelization to improve parsing performance is one promising approach. The XML document can either be completely parsed to an in-memory tree after the whole XML document is available, or be parsed on the fly while the XML document is streaming in. Each alternative requires a different parallelization strategy. This dissertation thus investigates the parallelization approaches of both DOM-style XML parsing and SAX-style XML parsing.
For DOM-style parsing, we first figured out an overall solution to decomposing the XML document into well-formed fragments at well-defined points according to the output of an initial preparsing phase. Then, we focused on the parallelization of the preparsing stage, which is the major bottleneck of the DOM-style parsing approach. A meta-DFA approach for the parallelization of the preparsing stage is described. We further optimize the meta-DFA design into a new approach named SFT (Simultaneous Finite Transducer). The SFT approach greatly reduces the complexity of the generated meta-DFA, and thus simplifies all possible preparsing paths. We also developed a method to speculate on just some of starting machine states with high probability. With the parallelized preparsing stage, the parallel DOM-style parsing is thus much more scalable.
For SAX-style parsing, we first present an approach to process the incoming XML stream chunk by chunk. Each chunk will go through four stages. These stages combine the pipelined parallelism with the data parallelism to achieve speedup while still guaranteeing the sequential callback requirement of SAX-style parsing. With our investigation on the characteristics of SAX-style parsing, we further introduce a new method to build a streaming tree from the XML stream, and do SAX-style parsing through parallel traversal of this streaming tree. The streaming tree represents the XML document with each node representing an XML document's start element, end element, or character content, and thus also corresponding to each SAX callback event.
The experiments for the above approaches on our testing machine and XML benchmark documents show good speedup and scalability.
Effect of water and crude oil on mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy‐clay nanocomposites (2013)

Epoxy‐clay nanocomposites were synthesized by high shear mixing (HSM) technique using diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) epoxy reinforced by Nanomer I.30E nanoclay. Disordered intercalated with some exfoliated structure were found in the resultant nanocomposites. The fabricated samples were exposed to water and crude oil to investigate the effect of nanoclay addition on diffusivity and amount of liquid uptake. The results showed good improvement in the barrier properties of epoxy as a result of clay addition. The average reduction in diffusivity and maximum water uptake for nanocomposites containing 1% nanoclay were 51% and 8%, respectively. The maximum water uptake was about double the maximum oil ingress for both neat epoxy and nanocomposites. Obvious degradations in thermal and mechanical properties of neat epoxy and nanocomposites were observed as a result of liquid uptake; with less severe impact on nanocomposites. The reduction in glass transition temperature was about 8% for each 1% of water uptake for nanocomposites as compared to 15% for neat epoxy. The tensile strength and the elastic modulus of neat epoxy and nanocomposites were adversely affected by water and oil uptake while the fracture strain was slightly improved; a behavior found to be proportional to the amount of liquid uptake. The diffusion mechanism of water in neat epoxy was well predicted by Fickian model, while that of the nanocomposites was better fitted with Langmuir model. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:318–326, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers
An atmospheric pressure ion lens to improve electrospray ionization at low solution flow‐rates (2001)

Abstract The performance of a reduced flow‐rate electrospray ion source is substantially improved by the addition of an atmospheric pressure ion lens near the tip of the tapered sprayer. The magnitude and stability of ion signals, detected within a mass spectrometer, are significantly improved. In addition, the ion lens decreased the dependence of the ion signals on the sprayer position. These benefits are believed to be due to an improvement in the shape of the equipotential lines near the tip of the electrospray ion source. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of a quantitative method for the diagnosis of cirrhosis (2011)

This study shows "proof of concept" that quantitative image analysis of livers on computed tomography scans may be utilized to predict cirrhosis in the absence of a liver biopsy.
Domain Transfer for 3D Pose Estimation from Color Images without Manual Annotations (2018)

We introduce a novel learning method for 3D pose estimation from color\nimages. While acquiring annotations for color images is a difficult task, our\napproach circumvents this problem by learning a mapping from paired color and\ndepth images captured with an RGB-D camera. We jointly learn the pose from\nsynthetic depth images that are easy to generate, and learn to align these\nsynthetic depth images with the real depth images. We show our approach for the\ntask of 3D hand pose estimation and 3D object pose estimation, both from color\nimages only. Our method achieves performances comparable to state-of-the-art\nmethods on popular benchmark datasets, without requiring any annotations for\nthe color images.\n
Depth image based rendering for multiview stereoscopic displays: role of information at object boundaries (2005)

Depth image based rendering (DIBR) is useful for multiview autostereoscopic systems because it can produce a set of new images with different camera viewpoints, based on a single two-dimensional (2D) image and its corresponding depth map. In this study we investigated the role of object boundaries in depth maps for DIBR. Using a standard subjective assessment method, we asked viewers to evaluate the depth and the image quality of stereoscopic images in which the view for the right eye was rendered using (a) full depth maps, (b) partial depth maps containing full depth information but that was only located at object boundaries and edges, and (c) partial depth maps containing binary depth information at object boundaries and edges. Results indicate that depth quality was enhanced and image quality was slightly reduced for all test conditions, compared to a reference condition consisting of 2D images. The present results confirm previous observations indicating that depth information at object boundaries is sufficient in DIBR to create new views such as to produce a stereoscopic effect. However, depth ratings for the partial depth maps tended to be slightly lower than those generated with the full depth maps. The present study also indicates that more research is needed to increase the depth and image quality of the rendered stereoscopic images based on DIBR before the technique can be of wide and practical use.