gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Properties of phosphorus-doped zinc oxide films grown by pulsed laser deposition (2011)

Electrical and chemical bonding properties of P-doped ZnO thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition on sapphire substrates were systematically characterized utilizing the Hall effect and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements. Oxygen growth pressure and postannealing processing play a great role in the properties of these films. Increasing oxygen growth pressure from 5 to 20 Pa enhanced the resistivity of P-doped ZnO films by three orders of magnitude. P-doped ZnO films grown at 700 °C under 20 Pa O2 exhibited p-type conductivity with hole concentration of 5×1017 cm−3 and hole mobility of 0.3 cm2/V s. Rapid thermal annealing processing decreased the electron density in the P-doped ZnO films. XPS binding energies of P 2s and 2p peaks showed formation of P–O bonds which increased with oxygen pressure in the films. This indicates formation of defect complexes of P dopants occupying zinc sites PZn and zinc vacancies VZn in the P-doped ZnO films.
Technical assessment of small-scale wind power for residential use in Mexico: A Bayesian intelligence approach (2020)

Nowadays, the global energy system is in a transition phase, in which the integration of renewable energy is among the main requirements for attenuating climate change. Wind power is a major alternative to supply clean energy; hence, its widespread penetration is being pursued in all end-use sectors. In particular, it is currently noteworthy to analyze the feasibility of deploying small-scale wind power technology to provide cleaner and cheaper energy in the residential sector. As a first step, a technical assessment must be carried out to provide crucial information to intensive energy consumers, providers of small-scale wind power technology, electric energy distribution utilities, and any other party, to help them decide whether or not to deploy small-scale wind turbines. With this aim, we propose to perform such an analysis using a suitable probabilistic paradigm to solve complex decision-making problems with uncertainty, namely Bayesian Intelligence, since wind resources and energy demands are intermittent variables, properly characterized by probability distribution functions. Then, the problem of determining the technical feasibility can be formulated as an investigation into whether or not small-scale wind turbine technology can produce enough energy to cover the excess demand of intensive energy residential consumers to get off high-priced tariffs. For this purpose, we introduce a novel model based on probabilistic reasoning to assess the suitability of small-scale wind turbine technology to produce the said energy, taking into consideration the availability of wind resources and the energy pricing structure. To demonstrate the usefulness and performance of the proposed model, we consider a case study of deploying 5 and 10 kW wind turbines and analyze the feasibility of their implementation in Mexico, where the energy pricing structure and scattered wind resource availability pose difficult challenges.
DetNet Flow Information Model (2020)

This document describes flow and service information model for
Deterministic Networking (DetNet). The DetNet service is provided
either for a Layer 3 or a Layer 2 flow. This document provides DetNet
flow and service information model both for Layer 3 and Layer 2 flows
in an integrated fashion.
Panax ginseng reduces adriamycin-induced heart failure in rats (2005)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of Panax ginseng on adriamycin-induced heart failure. Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, adriamycin, ginseng and adriamycin with ginseng. Adriamycin (cumulative dose, 15 mg/kg) was administered to rats in six equal intraperitoneal injections over a period of 2 weeks. Ginseng was administered via an oral feeding tube once a day for 30 days (cumulative dose, 150 g/kg). At the end of the 5 week post-treatment period, the hearts of the rats were used to study the synthesis rates of DNA, RNA and protein, myocardial antioxidants and lipid peroxidation. At the end of 3 weeks treatment, heart failure was characterized by ascites, congested liver and depressed cardiac function. Nucleic acid as well as protein synthesis was inhibited, lipid peroxidation was increased and myocardial glutathione peroxidase activity was decreased indicating adriamycin-induced heart failure. In contrast, the administration of ginseng, before and concurrent with adriamycin, significantly attenuated the myocardial effects, lowered the mortality as well as the amount of ascites, increased in myocardial glutathione peroxidase, macromolecular biosynthesis and superoxide dismutase activities, with a concomitant decrease in lipid peroxidation. These findings indicated that ginseng may be partially protective against adriamycin-induced heart failure.
Differential Power Processing for DC Systems (2012)

This paper introduces an approach to dc power delivery that reduces power loss by minimizing redundant energy conversion. Existing power distribution techniques tend to increase the number of cascaded conversion stages, which limits overall efficiency. Differential power processing enables independent load regulation, while processing only a small portion of the total load power. Bulk power conversion occurs once. Load voltage domains are connected in series, and differential converters act as controllable current sources to regulate intermediate nodes. This enables independent, low supply voltages, which can reduce system energy consumption, especially in digital circuits and solid-state lighting. Since differential voltage regulators process a fraction of the load power, decreased size, cost, and conversion losses are attainable. Under balanced load conditions, secondary differential converters do not process any power. This paper analyzes several differential power delivery architectures that can be applied to homogenous and heterogeneous loads at various levels: chip, board, blade, etc. A variety of operating conditions for a test system with four series voltage domains are examined in simulation and verified with experimental hardware. Results in a reference application show a 7–8% decrease in input power and 6–7 percentage points increase in overall conversion efficiency as compared to a conventional cascaded approach.
Eimeria acervulina and E. maxima: incidence and anticoccidial drug resistance of isolants in major broiler-producing areas. (1974)

Coccidia were propagated from 1166 (89.1%) of 1308 litter samples from all major broiler-producing regions of the United States. Among the farms which yielded coccidia, the respective incidences of Eimeria acervulina, E. brunetti, E. maxima, E. necatrix, and E. tenella were 90.6, 2.3, 86.2, 0.4, and 28.4%. Tests of 484 E. acervulina and 38 E. maxima isolants showed that their drug sensitivity had been reduced by field exposure to anticoccidials. The distribution of multiple drug-resistance phenotypes among the E. acervulina isolants emphasized that a complete drug-resistance profile of strains of coccidia is necessary for determining the anticoccidial(s) that will control them most effectively.
Result Pattern Hiding Searchable Encryption for Conjunctive Queries (2018)

The recently proposed Oblivious Cross-Tags (OXT) protocol (CRYPTO 2013) has broken new ground in designing efficient searchable symmetric encryption (SSE) protocol with support for conjunctive keyword search in a single-writer single-reader framework. While the OXT protocol offers high performance by adopting a number of specialised data-structures, it also trades-off security by leaking 'partial' database information to the server. Recent attacks have exploited similar partial information leakage to breach database confidentiality. Consequently, it is an open problem to design SSE protocols that plug such leakages while retaining similar efficiency. In this paper, we propose a new SSE protocol, called Hidden Cross-Tags (HXT), that removes 'Keyword Pair Result Pattern' (KPRP) leakage for conjunctive keyword search. We avoid this leakage by adopting two additional cryptographic primitives - Hidden Vector Encryption (HVE) and probabilistic (Bloom filter) indexing into the HXT protocol. We propose a 'lightweight' HVE scheme that only uses efficient symmetric-key building blocks, and entirely avoids elliptic curve-based operations. At the same time, it affords selective simulation-security against an unbounded number of secret-key queries. Adopting this efficient HVE scheme, the overall practical storage and computational overheads of HXT over OXT are relatively small (no more than 10% for two keywords query, and 21% for six keywords query), while providing a higher level of security.
Law, Morality, and the Existence of Human Rights* (2012)

Abstract In the debate between positivism and non‐positivism the argument from relativism plays a pivotal role. The argument from relativism, as put forward, for instance, by Hans Kelsen, says, first, that a necessary connection between law and morality presupposes the existence of absolute, objective, or necessary moral elements, and, second, that no such absolute, objective, or necessary moral elements exist. My reply to this is that absolute, objective, or necessary moral elements do exist, for human rights exist, and human rights exist because they are justifiable.
Histone H1.2 is a substrate for denitrase, an activity that reduces nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity in proteins (2003)

Several reports have described an activity that modifies nitrotyrosine-containing proteins and their immunoreactivity to nitrotyrosine Abs. Without knowing the product of the reaction, this new activity has been called a "denitrase." In those studies, some nonspecific proteins, which have multiple tyrosine residues, e.g., albumin, were used as a substrate. Therefore, the studies were based on an unknown mechanism of reaction and potentially a high background. To solve these problems, one of the most important things is to find a more suitable substrate for assay of the enzyme. We developed an assay strategy for determining the substrate for denitrase combining 2D-gel electrophoresis and an on-blot enzyme assay. The resulting substrate from RAW 264.7 cells was Histone H1.2, an isoform protein of linker histone. Histone H1.2 has only one tyrosine residue in the entire molecule, which ensures the exact position of the substrate to be involved. It has been reported that Histones are the most prominent nitrated proteins in cancer tissues. It was also demonstrated that tyrosine nitration of Histone H1 occurs in vivo. These findings lead us to the idea that Histone H1.2 might be an intrinsic substrate for denitrase. We nitrated recombinant and purified Histone H1.2 chemically and subjected it to an on-blot enzyme assay to characterize the activity. Denitrase activity behaved as an enzymatic activity because the reaction was time dependent and was destroyed by heat or trypsin treatment. The activity was shown to be specific for Histone H1.2, to differ from proteasome activity, and to require no additional cofactors.
A SIMPLE METHOD FOR TESTING BEER FILTERABILITY (1981)

Based on a filtration manifold from ‘Millipore’ a method was developed which permits the simultaneous investigation of the filterability of up to ten beer samples. Characteristics of the simple apparatus are the use of sheet filters, a vacuum filtration at room temperature and very small sample volumes. An excellent correlation to the differential pressure at the industrial filter was found, demonstrating the reliability of the test for routine applications. The usefulness of the method for research applications was demonstrated in experiments with enzymes improving beer filtration.
Basic Statistics for Social Research: Step-by-Step Calculations & Computer Techniques Using Minitab (1996)

This accessible introdution to statistics using the program Minitab explains when to apply and how to calculate and interpret a wide range of statistical procedures commonly used in the social sciences. Keeping statistical symbols and formulae to a minimum and using simple examples, this book: * Assumes no prior knowledge of statistics or computing * Includes a concise introduction to the program Minitab * Describes a wider range of tests than other introductory texts * Contains a comprehensive range of exercises with answers. Basic Statistics for Social Research will prove an invaluable introductory statistics text for students, and a useful resource for graduates and professionals engaged in research in the social sciences.
CMOS process compatible ie-Flash (inverse gate electrode Flash) technology for system-on-a-chip (2002)

A highly reliable single-poly flash technology named ie-Flash (inverse gate electrode Flash), which can be embedded in the common 0.14 /spl mu/m CMOS process without any process modifications, has been developed. The ie-Flash cell consists of two elementary cells for OR-logical reading, resulting in significant improvement of reliability. 5 V programming with 1 ms duration and 1.2 V-read operation of 35 bit memory modules fabricated by a 0.14 /spl mu/m CMOS process is demonstrated.
Decarbonylation Reactions Using Transition Metal Compounds (2002)

This review surveys methods of decarbonylation using transition metal compounds which appear to be of practical importance for organic synthesis. Decarbonylation reactions without transition metal compounds are also briefly summarized. Emphasis is on recent work, although some examples from older literature are included.
Implementing an ICU outreach team model. (2008)

There is an increasing need for critical care expertise outside of the intensive care unit (ICU). This is particularly related to high acuity levels and limited nursing resources. Teams of critical care health care providers have been formed to meet this need. Team structure and services provided vary according to the organization's need and the resources available. In this article, the process of establishing an ICU outreach team without additional resources, in a 200-bed tertiary care hospital in central Saskatchewan is presented. The team responds to calls from within the hospital to provide critical care expertise to patients about whom the professional caregiver is concerned, or patients who have early warning signs of physiological distress. Implementation of the team has been successful in improving timely patient care, providing a resource for nurses to access for their patients, and providing an opportunity for education and support for nurses on inpatient units.
Reduction of oscillations in a GaN bridge leg using active gate driving with sub-ns resolution, arbitrary gate-resistance patterns (2016)

Active gate driving provides an opportunity to reduce EMI in power electronic circuits. Whilst it has been demonstrated for MOS-gated silicon power semiconductor devices, reported advanced gate driving in wide-bandgap devices has been limited to a single impedance change during the device switching transitions. For the first time, this paper shows multi-point gate signal profiling at the sub-ns resolution required for GaN devices. A high-speed, programmable active gate driver is implemented with an integrated high-speed memory and output stage to realise arbitrary gate pull-up and pulldown resistance profiles. The nominal resistance range is 120 μΩ to 64 Ω, and the timing resolution of impedance changes is 150 ps. This driver is used in a 1 MHz GaN bridge leg that represents a synchronous buck converter. It is demonstrated that the gate voltage profile can be manipulated aggressively in nanosecond scale. It is observed that by profiling the first 5 ns of the control device's gate voltage transient, a reduction in switch-node voltage oscillations is observed, resulting in an 8-16 dB reduction in spectral power between 400 MHz and 1.8 GHz. This occurs without an increase in switching loss. A small increase in spectral power is seen below 320 MHz. As a baseline for comparison, the GaN bridge leg is operated with a fixed gate drive strength. It is concluded that p-type gate GaN HFETs are actively controllable, and that EMI can be reduced without increasing switching loss.
Nucleofection: a new, highly efficient transfection method for primary human keratinocytes* (2005)

Transfection is an essential tool for numerous in vitro applications including studies of gene expression, promoter analysis, and intracellular signaling pathways and also for therapeutic strategies such as tissue engineering and gene therapy. However, transfection of primary cells including keratinocytes with common methods such as calcium phosphate, DEAE-dextran, liposome-mediated transfer, electroporation or viral vectors is problematic because of low transfection efficiency and the induction of terminal differentiation. Here we analyzed the use of nucleofection, a new, electroporation-based transfection method that enables the DNA to enter directly the nucleus, for the transfection of keratinocytes. Several different conditions were tested and optimized, resulting in a final transfection efficiency of 56% in primary human epidermal keratinocytes. This efficiency is superior to all non-viral transfection methods reported so far. The number of non-viable keratinocytes after nucleofection was low, varying between 14 and 16%. In contrast to other transfection protocols, nucleofection did not induce terminal differentiation in the transfected keratinocytes. In addition, nucleofection is a fast method, because the results can be analyzed within 7 h. In summary, nucleofection is a fast, easy and highly effective alternative for the transfection of primary human keratinocytes, which offers new opportunities for various research applications.
On quantitative dynamic data flow tracking (2014)

We present a non-probabilistic model for dynamic quantitative data flow tracking. Estimations of the amount of data stored in a particular representation at runtime - a file, a window, a network packet - enable the adoption of fine-grained policies which authorize or prohibit partial leaks of data. We prove the correctness of the estimations, provide an implementation that we evaluate w.r.t. precision and performance, and analyze one instantiation at the OS level.
Cytoskeletal changes in osteoclasts during the resorption cycle (1996)

Osteoclasts are large, multinucleated cells which change their shape and polarity according to their resorptive activity. At least in vitro, nonresorbing osteoclasts move on the bone surface and do not show clear evidence of apical-basolateral polarity. When stimulated for resorption, osteoclasts undergo a rapid reorganization of the cytoskeleton and appear clearly polarized. The detailed nature of different membrane domains in polarized osteoclasts is still far from clear, but a remarkable feature is the formation of a tight sealing zone between the ruffled border and the rest of the cell membrane. Characteristic organization of F-actin into a belt or ring-like structure with a double circle of vinculin around it is needed for the formation of the sealing zone. This type of microfilament organization is typical only for resorbing osteoclasts and can thus be used as a marker for resorbing cells. These characteristic changes in the molecular organization of the cytoskeleton in osteoclasts during the resorption cycle offer several potential targets to inhibit bone resorption, perhaps cell-specific.
Discovery of a Chemical Modification by Citric Acid in a Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody (2014)

Recombinant therapeutic monoclonal antibodies exhibit a high degree of heterogeneity that can arise from various post-translational modifications. The formulation for a protein product is to maintain a specific pH and to minimize further modifications. Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS), citric acid is commonly used for formulation to maintain a pH at a range between 3 and 6 and is generally considered chemically inert. However, as we reported herein, citric acid covalently modified a recombinant monoclonal antibody (IgG1) in a phosphate/citrate-buffered formulation at pH 5.2 and led to the formation of so-called "acidic species" that showed mass increases of 174 and 156 Da, respectively. Peptide mapping revealed that the modification occurred at the N-terminus of the light chain. Three additional antibodies also showed the same modification but displayed different susceptibilities of the N-termini of the light chain, heavy chain, or both. Thus, ostensibly unreactive excipients under certain conditions may increase heterogeneity and acidic species in formulated recombinant monoclonal antibodies. By analogy, other molecules (e.g., succinic acid) with two or more carboxylic acid groups and capable of forming an anhydride may exhibit similar reactivities. Altogether, our findings again reminded us that it is prudent to consider formulations as a potential source for chemical modifications and product heterogeneity.
A survey of incipient fault detection and location techniques for extruded shielded power cables (2002)

The existing techniques for the detection and location of incipient faults (e.g. electrical trees) in extruded shielded power cables are reviewed. Only the techniques developed for field applications are included. The advantages and disadvantages of each technique are evaluated from the point of view of a power engineer. The desired features of an ideal incipient fault detection and location system are identified. Guided by these features, directions for future research in this area are suggested. The authors discuss partial discharge measurement and time-domain reflectometry.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Compensation of Finite Gain-Bandwidth Induced Errors in Continuous-Time Sigma–Delta Modulators (2004)

This paper introduces a possible compensation for finite gain-bandwidth (GBW) induced errors in continuous-time sigma-delta modulators. Therefore, a novel model is derived which reduces the effect of a finite GBW to a corresponding integrator gain-error and feedback loop delays. Thus, previously published methods for the compensation of these errors can be adopted with some modification. The results are confirmed analytically and by simulations and show a possible GBW reduction of about one order of magnitude compared to current designs.
Cheilostome bryozoans from the Upper Cretaceous of the Drumheller area, Alberta, Canada (1992)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Ten Years' Experience of Antenatal Mean Corpuscular Volume Screening and Prenatal Diagnosis for Thalassaemias in Hong Kong (2000)

Antenatal screening for thalassaemias by MCV is simple, effective and reliable. Universal screening has a different impact as bone marrow or cord blood stem cell transplant provides cure for beta-thal major. At risk couples have, as an alternative to termination of pregnancy, the option of early detection and treatment for their affected newborns or fetuses.