gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Architecture for High Resolution Volume Visualization (1993)

This paper describes a high-performance &pecial-purpose system, the Cube-3 machine, fordisplaying and manipulating high-resolution volumetric datasets in real-time. Cube-3 will allowscientists, engineers, and biomedical researchers to interactively visualize and investigate theirstatic high-resolution sampled, simulated, or computed volumetric dataset. Furthermore, onceacquisition devices or mechanisms are capable of acquiring a complete high-resolution dynamicdataset in real-time, Cube-S, tightly coupled with them, will be capable of delivering real-time 4D(spatial-temporal) volume visualization, a task currently not possible with present technologies.
BAGI: A new concept for the detection and tracking of hazardous gases (1983)

A new concept for the detection and tracking of toxic or flammable gases resulting from accidental spills or leaks is presented. The BAGI technique (backscatter/absorption gas imaging) integrates a laser and a “flying-spot” imager, and allows the normally invisible gases to be visualized on a standard TV monitor. BAGI parameters for a natural gas-detection system are discussed.
Discovery and biochemical characterization of tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase I inhibitors (2007)

B219 Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (Tdp1) is a recently discovered enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of 39-phosphotyrosyl bonds. Such linkages form in vivo following the DNA processing activity of DNA topoisomerase I (Top1). For this reason, Tdp1 has been implicated in the repair of irreversible Top1-DNA covalent complexes and has been regarded as a potential therapeutic co-target of Top1 in that it seemingly counteracts the effects of Top1 inhibitors, such as camptothecin and its clinically used derivatives. By reducing the repair of Top1-DNA lesions, Tdp1 inhibitors have the potential to augment the anticancer activity of Top1 inhibitors. Using novel high-throughput screening assays, we have identified several specific Tdp1 inhibitors from the Diversity Set of 1981 compounds from the Developmental Therapeutics Program of the National Cancer Institute. One of the positive hits, NSC 88915, a steroid derivative containing a tosylate substituent, has been confirmed and further characterized by traditional gel-based assays using several artificial Tdp1 substrates. NSC 88915 has been counter-screened against the enzyme APE1 and shown to be selective for Tdp1. In addition, fragmentation of NSC 88915 into discrete functional groups (i.e. the steroid moiety and the tosylate moiety) reveals that both components are required for inhibition of Tdp1 activity. Moreover, the synthesis of NSC 88915 analogues has provided insights into the structural prerequisites for inhibition of Tdp1. Based on the chemical structure of NSC 88915, we propose that the compound is a competitive inhibitor, which mimics the Tdp1 substrate. More specifically, the phosphate participating in the 39-phospotyrosyl of the Tdp1 substrate is replaced by the sulfite moiety of NSC 88915, while the phenyl bromide and steroid moieties of the compound substitute for the DNA and peptide groups of the Tdp1 substrate, respectively. In general, biochemical inhibitors of Tdp1 should enhance the cytotoxicity of camptothecins and delay the removal of Top1 cleavage complexes in cell culture, thereby providing a cellular step for compound selection. The overall therapeutic goal is the development of new drugs that would selectively enhance the activity of Top1 inhibitors in tumors with preexisting DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoint deficiencies.
Generation of Food-Grade Lactococcal Starters Which Produce the Lantibiotics Lacticin 3147 and Lacticin 481 (2003)

Transconjugant lactococcal starters which produce both lantibiotics lacticin 3147 and lacticin 481 were generated via conjugation of large bacteriocin-encoding plasmids. A representative of one of the resultant strains proved more effective at killing Lactobacillus fermentum and inhibiting the growth of Listeria monocytogenes LO28H than either of the single bacteriocin-producing parental strains, demonstrating the potential of these transconjugants as protection cultures for food safety applications.
STUDIES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF A TISSUE ENGINEERED MATRIX FOR BONE REGENERATION (1998)

Alternatives to conventional bone grafts are needed. Using a degradable polymer/ceramic composite system, our laboratory has developed porous matrices for use as trabecular bone graft replacements. Composed of 50:50 poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLAGA) and hydroxyapatite (HA), these matrices possess a three-dimensional (3D), porous structure based on microsphere technology. Our current studies examine the relationship between processing conditions and internal matrix structure. This has led to the development of three novel processes capable of fabricating a 3D porous structure: (1) a sintered microsphere method, (2) a solvent cast microsphere method, and (3) a gel microsphere method. Preliminary characterization of matrix structure was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The solvent cast and sintered microsphere methods used prefabricated microspheres isolated through a solvent evaporation technique. SEM characterization of the sintered and solvent cast methods indicated a 3D network of fused microspheres with a range in pore diameter from 100450 µm and 50-250 µm, respectively. The gel microsphere method also used microspheres from the solvent evaporation technique, however, matrices were created from microspheres isolated before complete solvent removal. SEM characterization indicated a 3D internal porous network ranging in size from 100-300 µm. It was determined that the porous structure was due to the aggregation of “gel-like” microspheres.
Uplink scheduling in CDMA packet-data systems (2004)

Uplink scheduling in wireless systems is gaining importance due to arising uplink intensive data services (ftp, image uploads etc.), which could be hampered by the currently in-built asymmetry in favor of the downlink. In this work, we propose and study algorithms for efficient uplink packet-data scheduling in a CDMA cell. The algorithms attempt to maximize system throughput under transmit power limitations on the mobiles assuming instantaneous knowledge of user queues and channels. However no channel statistics or traffic characterization is necessary. Apart from increasing throughput, the algorithms also improve fairness of service among users, hence reducing chances of buffer overflows for poorly located users. The major observation arising from our analysis is that it is advantageous on the uplink to schedule "strong" users one-at-a-time, and "weak" users in larger groups. This contrasts with the downlink where one-at-a-time transmission for all users has shown to be the preferred mode in much previous work. Based on the optimal schedules, we propose less complex and more practical approximate methods, both of which offer significant performance improvement compared to one-at-a-time transmission, and the widely acclaimed Proportional Fair (PF) algorithm, in simulations. When queue content cannot be fed back, we propose a simple modification of PF, Uplink PF (UPF), that offers similar improvement.
Characterization of the Microdialysis Junction Interface for Capillary Electrophoresis/Microelectrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (1997)

A capillary electrophoresis/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (CE/ESI-MS) interface, based on an electric circuit across a microdialysis membrane surrounding a short capillary segment closely connected to the separation capillary terminus, is demonstrated to be sensitive, efficient, and rugged. A microspray type ionization emitter produces a stable electrospray at the low flow rates provided by CE and thus avoids both the need for a makeup liquid flow provided by liquid junction or sheath flow interfaces and the subsequent dilution and reduction in sensitivity. Reproducibility studies and comparisons with CE/UV and the CE/sheath flow interface with ESI-MS are presented. Additionally, postrun acidification via the microdialysis junction interface is demonstrated and shown to be capable of denaturing the holomyoglobin protein noncovalent complex while maintaining separation efficiency.
Theory of subharmonically pumped mixing with gain using superconductor-insulator-superconductor junctions (1981)

We show in principle that a hysteretic superconductor-insulator-superconductor junction can function as a subharmonically pumped mixer with gain. The mixer can be operated either as a nearly linear downconverter or as a highly nonlinear threshold detector. The gain in the linear mode is an inverse function of the pump power. We present the results of computer analysis of both mixing modes.
Spatiotemporal Independent Component Analysis for the Detection of Functional Responses in Cat Retinal Images (2007)

In the early stages of some retinal diseases, such as glaucoma, loss of retinal activity may be difficult to detect with current clinical instruments. Because current instruments require unattainable levels of patient cooperation, high sensitivity and specificity are difficult to attain. We have devised a new retinal imaging system that detects intrinsic optical signals which reflect functional changes in the retina and that do not require patient cooperation. Measured changes in reflectance in response to the visual stimulus are on the order of 0.1%-1% of the total reflected intensity level, which makes the functional signal difficult to detect by standard methods. The desired functional signal is masked by other physiological signals and by imaging system noise. In this paper, we quantify the limits of independent component analysis (ICA) for detecting the low intensity functional signal and apply ICA to 60 video sequences from experiments using an anesthetized cat whose retina is presented with different patterned stimuli. The results of the analysis show that using ICA, in principle, signal levels of 0.1% can be detected. The study found that in 86% of the animal experiments the patterned stimuli effects on the retina can be detected and extracted.
Thermal Stability of Fluorinated Polydienes Synthesized by Addition of Difluorocarbene (2011)

Abstract Linear PCHD and polyisoprenes with different microstructures and molecular weights are synthesized and chemically modified to improve their thermal and chemical stability by forming a three‐membered ring structure containing two C–F bonds. Pyrolysis of these fluorinated polydienes proceeds through a two‐stage decomposition involving chain scission, crosslinking, dehydrogenation, and dehalogenation. The pyrolysis leads to graphite‐like residues, whereas their polydiene precursors decompose completely under the same conditions. The fluorination of PCHD enhances its thermal stability. The stronger C–F bond along with high strain of the three‐membered ring structure and formation of relatively stable free radicals play an important role in the thermal stability of fluorinated polydienes.
B-P-1 Objective Lens Actuator using Three-polarized Magnetic Structure for Slim Type BD Optical Pickup (2013)

We developed an objective lens actuator using three-polarized magnetic structure for a slim type BD optical pickup.Three magnets are provided opposing to both sides of the moving part of the actuator such that the polarization of the center magnet is reverse to two other outside magnets.Driving forces generated at center portion of a focusing coil opposing to the center magnet cancel deformation of the bending vibration mode of the moving part.Calculated and experimental results show that the higher-order resonance frequency of the actuator is over 20kHz and its amplitude is less than 2dB.
A Microprocessor Based Automatic Flux Mapping System for Pressurized Water Reactors (1979)

A microprocessor controlled Flux Mapping System has been designed which permits automatic three-dimensional flux distribution measurements of a reactor core. The Flux Mapping System consists of a Detector Drive System which provides the mechanical means for routing movable detectors into and out of the core, and a Flux Mapping Console which allows for complete and automatic control of drive system operation, data gathering and system output. Both the Flux Mapping Console and the detector Drive System, their features and construction, are described. The console design is implemented using multiple microprocessors with a redundant internal architecture and a modular bus oriented construction that uses standard printed circuit boards. Overator interface is via an interactive CRT and keyboard. Low level analog signals from the detectors are digitized; scanning is synchronized with detector position; and automatic ranging is utilized for maximum resolution. Multiple data links allow data to flow from memory to printers, floppy discs, and a plant process computer. The microprocessors perform self-checking and system diagnostics for maximum system availability.
Degradation of Amyloid β Protein by Purified Myelin Basic Protein (2009)

The progressive accumulation of beta-amyloid (Abeta) in senile plaques and in the cerebral vasculature is the hallmark of Alzheimer disease and related disorders. Impaired clearance of Abeta from the brain likely contributes to the prevalent sporadic form of Alzheimer disease. Several major pathways for Abeta clearance include receptor-mediated cellular uptake, blood-brain barrier transport, and direct proteolytic degradation. Myelin basic protein (MBP) is the major structural protein component of myelin and plays a functional role in the formation and maintenance of the myelin sheath. MBP possesses endogenous serine proteinase activity and can undergo autocatalytic cleavage liberating distinct fragments. Recently, we showed that MBP binds Abeta and inhibits Abeta fibril formation (Hoos, M. D., Ahmed, M., Smith, S. O., and Van Nostrand, W. E. (2007) J. Biol. Chem. 282, 9952-9961; Hoos, M. D., Ahmed, M., Smith, S. O., and Van Nostrand, W. E. (2009) Biochemistry 48, 4720-4727). Here we show that Abeta40 and Abeta42 peptides are degraded by purified human brain MBP and recombinant human MBP, but not an MBP fragment that lacks autolytic activity. MBP-mediated Abeta degradation is inhibited by serine proteinase inhibitors. Similarly, Cos-1 cells expressing MBP degrade exogenous Abeta40 and Abeta42. In addition, we demonstrate that purified MBP also degrades assembled fibrillar Abeta in vitro. Mass spectrometry analysis identified distinct degradation products generated from Abeta digestion by MBP. Lastly, we demonstrate in situ that purified MBP can degrade parenchymal amyloid plaques as well as cerebral vascular amyloid that form in brain tissue of Abeta precursor protein transgenic mice. Together, these findings indicate that purified MBP possesses Abeta degrading activity in vitro.
The Effect of Ruminal Fluid Preparations on the Growth and Health of Newborn, Milk-Fed Dairy Calves (2002)

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of oral doses of ruminal fluid (RF) on the growth and health of newborn, milk-fed heifer dairy calves (0 to 6 wk of age). Calves given 8 ml of RF each day until weaning gained more weight and had fewer scours than controls that did not receive RF. Because RF that was exposed to oxygen or was autoclaved also gave a response, it is unlikely that the preparations were acting as a probiotic. When the RF was centrifuged to separate the cells (RFC) from the fluid (RFS), both fractions had similar activity, and this result indicated that the response was not nutritional; that is, 1) RFC supplied a small amount of protein (approximately 8 mg/d), but RFS had much less protein, and 2) RFS had volatile fatty acid, but RFC had little if any volatile fatty acid. However, both RFS and RFC had bacterial polysaccharide, and bacterial polysaccharide has strong antigenic properties. In the first three studies, treated calves were given RF preparations each day until weaning (6 wk), but a subsequent experiment indicated that calves given autoclaved RF for only 5 d (d 1 to 5) also had greater body weight gains during the first 2 wk of life and fewer scours than untreated controls. Given that the dosage of RF was small and the material could be autoclaved to prevent disease transmission, RF supplementation could be a practical tool for improving calf health.
Recompose (2011)

We present Recompose, a new system for manipulation of an actuated surface. By collectively utilizing the body as a tool for direct manipulation alongside gestural input for functional manipulation, we show how a user is afforded unprecedented control over an actuated surface. Our invention consists of the actuated surface and the interaction technique utilizing free-hand and touch gestures to manipulate the 3D geometry of the pin array, thus changing the of shape of the virtual object.
Segment Routing Traffic Engineering Policy using BGP (2015)

This document describes mechanisms allowing advertising Segment
Routing Traffic Engineering (SRTE) policies using BGP. Through the
mechanisms described in this document, a BGP speaker has the ability
to trigger, in a remote BGP node, the setup of a SR Encapsulation
policy with specific characteristics and an explicit path. Steering
mechanisms are also defined to enable the application of the policy on
a per BGP route basis.
Distributed & scalable terahertz systems in silicon (2017)

This paper describes general considerations for the design of highly efficient and distributed room-temperature Terahertz detectors and transmitters in (Bi)CMOS technologies. It discusses the design of industrial-grade scalable terahertz imaging systems. This necessitates a deep understanding of the process technologies front-end and the back-end, as well employing innovative architectures of terahertz circuit design. These methodologies have yielded highly efficient miniature THz detectors and transmitters, and multi-pixel camera systems.
Rapid Coronavirus Detection Sensor (2020)

With an everyday surge in the number of COVID-19 confirmed cases, it is still being debated in different parts of the world on how the tests per day have to be increased and available to everyone. This would help identifying the affected people at the earliest stages and treat the symptoms when they are benign. The standard laboratory diagnostic tests, such quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), although effective in the detection of virus, lack the ability to return test results quickly. Also, there is a mismatch between the number of samples collected per day to the number of samples that can be tested timely by the approved laboratories. This calls for alternate test kits that are rapid and can be used at the frontlines and elsewhere for point-of-care applications. In this talk, we will describe an electrochemical approach for detecting the pandemic 2019 Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), the Rapid 2019-novel Coronavirus Detection Sensor (RAnCODS-19). We have demonstrated the performance of our sensor with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in samples. Our results indicate a positive/negative response for the presence/absence of the protein within 100 milliseconds. In this talk, we will describe the sensor and present further results. Implementation of multiple of these sensors at the frontlines would make a difference in early detection of COVID-19 in patients. Our multidisciplinary team includes experts in electrochemistry, molecular virology and biomedical sciences. Keywords: COVID-19 detection; Electrochemical biosensor; Point-of-care diagnostic devices
Carbon-monoxide (CO) Real Time Monitoring in Combustion Engines by an Optical Detection System (2006)

The experimental characterization of an innovative optical system for detection of carbon monoxide (CO) is reported. In this system a photodetector based on gallium nitride (GaN) and an UV light source are integrated. The gas flows between the light source and the GaN photodetector. The UV light source consists of a spark produced by an arc discharge which induced transitions in the gas, causing a modification of the light intensity as a function of gas composition. These transitions modify the fraction of light in the UV spectral region which is detected by the GaN-photodetector, as a function of the species concentration. By virtue of its structural properties, gallium nitride (GaN) allows to operate at high temperature and high speed and to work in-situ in the exhaust manifold of combustion engines at temperatures as high as 600degC, at which the deposited organic residuals on the detector can be oxidized. This assures the clear surface needed for a real time optical measurement of the species concentration to be used for a closed loop control of the fuel injection process. The system was applied to the detection of CO with concentration between 0-2.4% in a buffer of pure nitrogen gas, showing an increase in the measured photocurrent as a function of the above gases
Differential Levels of Tl1a Affect the Expansion and Function of Regulatory T Cells in Modulating Murine Colitis (2016)

Tregs expressing low levels of Tl1a ameliorate murine colitis and promote the maintenance of Treg suppressor function in a DR3-dependent manner, partly due to a heightened regulatory program. These data reveal novel roles for differential levels of Tl1a in regulating T cell-mediated immune responses that have implications in understanding the pathogenesis of IBD.
Reconstructing 3-D Skin Surface Motion for the DIET Breast Cancer Screening System (2014)

Digital image-based elasto-tomography (DIET) is a prototype system for breast cancer screening. A breast is imaged while being vibrated, and the observed surface motion is used to infer the internal stiffness of the breast, hence identifying tumors. This paper describes a computer vision system for accurately measuring 3-D surface motion. A model-based segmentation is used to identify the profile of the breast in each image, and the 3-D surface is reconstructed by fitting a model to the profiles. The surface motion is measured using a modern optical flow implementation customized to the application, then trajectories of points on the 3-D surface are given by fusing the optical flow with the reconstructed surfaces. On data from human trials, the system is shown to exceed the performance of an earlier marker-based system at tracking skin surface motion. We demonstrate that the system can detect a 10 mm tumor in a silicone phantom breast.
Integration of polymer microlens array at fiber bundle extremity by photopolymerization (2011)

We present a novel route to directly integrate an array of microlenses at the extremity of an optical fiber bundle. The method is based on photopolymerization at the end of the fiber. The method is based on the control of exposure dose and volume of the deposited droplet of photopolymerizable formulation. Optical properties of the integrated microlenses are discussed on the basis of FDTD calculations.
High optical quality multicarat single crystal diamond produced by chemical vapor deposition (2011)

Abstract Finding ways to routinely and reliably produce larger near‐colorless and colorless single‐crystal diamond needed for a variety of applications in science and technology is a major challenge. Microwave plasma assisted chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) techniques have been refined to produce large, high‐purity single crystal diamond anvils. Specifically multicarat single crystal diamond has been produced at high growth rate without annealing (around 50 µm/h) with low impurities content. UV–visible absorption, Raman/photoluminescence spectroscopy, cathodoluminescence, and confocal Raman imaging are used to characterize the diamond. The measurements show that the material has high optical quality and clarity without layers. The large intensity ratio of the second‐order Raman peak to the fluorescence background is essential for high‐pressure optical windows. The origin of the residual color is also examined. The picture on the right shows a 2.4 carat single‐crystal CVD diamond compared with 0.25 carat CVD diamond. Left images: Example of the evolution of CVD diamond single crystal starting with crystal 13.5 carat block to the 2.3 carat cut gem anvil. magnified image