gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Glycovariant-based lateral flow immunoassay to detect ovarian cancer–associated serum CA125 (2020)

Cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is a widely used biomarker in monitoring of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Due to insufficient cancer specificity of CA125, its diagnostic use is severely compromised. Abnormal glycosylation of CA125 is a unique feature of ovarian cancer cells and could improve differential diagnosis of the disease. Here we describe the development of a quantitative lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) of aberrantly glycosylated CA125 which is widely superior to the conventional CA125 immunoassay (CA125IA). With a 30 min read-out time, the LFIA showed 72% sensitivity, at 98% specificity using diagnostically challenging samples with marginally elevated CA125 (35-200 U/mL), in comparison to 16% sensitivity with the CA125IA. We envision the clinical use of the developed LFIA to be based on the substantially enhanced disease specificity against the many benign conditions confounding the diagnostic evaluation and against other cancers.
Dengue virus infection elicits highly polarized CX3CR1+ cytotoxic CD4+ T cells associated with protective immunity (VIR1P.1126) (2015)

Abstract The frequency of infection with any of the four dengue viruses (DENV 1-4) has increased dramatically in the last few decades, and the lack of a vaccine has led to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Dengue virus is a pathogen with unusual pathogenesis and protective immunity is poorly understood. While DENV-specific CD8+ T cell responses have been extensively studied, the breadth and specificity of CD4+ T cell responses remains to be defined. In effort to define HLA-restricted CD4+ T cell responses resulting from natural infection with DENV, we endeavored to map T cell responses in individuals from Sri Lanka where DENV is hyper-epidemic. Characterization of the phenotype of the responding CD4+ T cells revealed a DENV specific T cell subset that is specifically expanded in donors carrying an allele associated with protection from severe DENV disease. Analysis of DENV-specific CD4+ T cells revealed that the virus specific cells were highly polarized, with a strong bias towards a CX3CR1+ Eomes+ Tbet+ perforin+ granzyme B+ CD45RA+ CD4 CTL phenotype. Importantly, frequency of these cells correlated with a protective HLA DR allele and we demonstrate these cells have direct DENV-specific cytolytic activity. We speculate that cytotoxic dengue-specific CD4+ T cells may play a role in control of dengue infection in vivo, and this immune correlate may be a key target for dengue virus vaccine development.
Acoustical door (1991)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation James K. W. Mardian, Curtis I. Holmer; Acoustical door. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 August 1991; 90 (2): 1213. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.402012 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
The role of the arsenic source in selective epitaxial growth of GaAs and AlGaAs by MOMBE (1993)

The authors have investigated the role of various arsenic precursors on the selectivity of GaAs and AlGaAs at low deposition temperatures, <or=525 degrees C, during growth by metal organic molecular beam epitaxy (MOMBE). The As2 generated from the cracking of AsH3 was found to induce nucleation on the SiN mask surface for both triethylgallium (TEG) and trimethylamine alane (TMAA). Trisdimethylaminoarsenic (DMAAs) produces identical behavior, probably due to its high decomposition efficiency, which also leaves free arsenic on the mask surface. By contrast, phenylarsine (PhAsH2) does not induce nucleation as readily due to its insufficient decomposition on the mask surface. Using PhAsh2, GaAs growth from TEG and AlGaAs growth from TMAA and trimethylgallium (TMG) were found to be highly selective. However, though selectivity was high, the surface morphology of the regrown area was typically rough due to contamination during processing. Various attempts at removing this contamination are also discussed.
Tunable filters and time delays with coupled whispering gallery mode resonators (2004)

We demonstrate tunable optical filters fabricated from metalized lithium niobate disk resonators and discuss further applications of the resonator chains for tunable photonic delay lines.
A novel low-leakage power-rail ESD clamp circuit with adjustable triggering voltage and superior false-triggering immunity for nanoscale applications (2016)

This work presents a novel power-rail electrostatic discharge (ESD) clamp circuit for nanoscale applications. By skillfully incorporating transient and static ESD detection mechanisms into its detection circuit, the proposed circuit achieves a wide range of adjustable triggering voltage (Ft1) while maintaining low standby leakage current (Ileak). Besides, the proposed circuit achieves significantly-improved false-triggering immunity compared with the transient-triggered circuit. All investigated circuits are fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process. Simulation and test results have both confirmed the superiority of the proposed circuit. In addition, the proposed circuit achieves similar triggering behaviors in both transmission line pulsing (TLP) and very fast TLP (VF-TLP) tests.
Instantaneous fabrication of arrays of normally closed, adjustable, and reversible nanochannels by tunnel cracking (2010)

A direct fabrication method capable of producing fully-reversible, tunable nanochannel arrays, without the use of a molding step, is described. It is based on tunnel cracking of a readily-prepared brittle layer constrained between elastomeric substrates. The resulting nanochannels have adjustable cross-sections that can be reversibly opened, closed, widened and narrowed merely by applying and removing tensile strains to the substrate. This permits reversible trapping and release of nanoparticles, and easy priming or unclogging of the nanochannels for user-friendly and robust operations. The ease of fabrication and operation required to open and close the nanochannels is superior to previous approaches.
Nutritional Management in Phenylketonuria (1971)

The dietary treatment of phenylketonuria (PKU) as followed by the Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, is based on the creation of a balance between the essential amino acids in the current low phenylalanine protein substitute, the major source of dietary protein, and the phenylalanine content of all other foods included in the diet. Guidelines for initiation of dietary treatment in newly diagnosed phenylketonuric infants are outlined. Continuous administration of dietary therapy is suggested to meet nutritional demands for phenylalanine and protein in the growing child. This method has been used for over three years, and results have shown that it is possible to maintain normal physical and mental development simultaneously with serum phenylalanine levels of 5 to 10 mg/100 ml.
Volume image registration by cross-entropy optimization (2002)

Cross-entropy (CE), an information-theoretic measure, quantifies the difference between two probability density functions. This measure is applied to volume image registration. When a good prior estimation of the joint distribution of the voxel values of two images in registration is available, the CE can be minimized to find an optimal registration. If such a prior estimation is not available, one seeks the registration which gives a joint distribution different from unlikely ones as much as possible, i.e., the CE is maximized to find an optimal registration. When the unlikely distribution is a uniform one, CE maximization reduces to joint entropy minimization; when the unlikely distribution is proportional to one of the marginal distributions, it reduces to conditional entropy minimization; when the unlikely distribution is the product of two marginal distributions, it degenerates to mutual-information maximization. These different CEs are added together and are used as criteria for image registration. The accuracy and robustness of this new approach are tested and compared using a likely joint distribution and various unlikely joint distributions and their combinations.
Galectin-1 Regulates Initial Axonal Growth in Peripheral Nerves after Axotomy (1999)

The signals that prompt the axons to send out processes in peripheral nerves after axotomy are not well understood. Here, we report that galectin-1 can play an important role in this initial stage. We developed an in vitro nerve regeneration model that allows us to monitor the initial axon and support cell outgrowth from the proximal nerve stump, which is comparable to the initial stages of nerve repair. We isolated a factor secreted from COS1 cells that enhanced axonal regeneration, and we identified the factor as galectin-1. Recombinant human galectin-1 (rhGAL-1) showed the same activity at low concentrations (50 pg/ml) that are two orders of magnitude lower than those of lectin activity. A similarly low concentration was also effective in in vivo experiments of axonal regeneration with migrating reactive Schwann cells to a grafted silicone tube after transection of adult rat peripheral nerve. Moreover, the application of functional anti-rhGAL-1 antibody strongly inhibited the regeneration in vivo as well as in vitro. The same effect of rhGAL-1 was confirmed in crush/freeze experiments of the adult mouse sciatic nerve. Because galectin-1 is expressed in the regenerating sciatic nerves as well as in both sensory neurons and motor neurons, we suggest that galectin-1 may regulate initial repair after axotomy. This high activity of the factor applied under nonreducing conditions suggests that galectin-1 may work as a cytokine, not as a lectin.
HYPER clay: innovative technology for Geoenvironmental applications (2011)

Clayey barriers are widely used for the isolation of pollutants because of their low hydraulic conductivity to water. However, prolonged exposure of the clays to these polluted liquids can drastically decrease their sealing performance, with a consequent enormous damage for the environment and for the human health. To overcome this problem, a more suitable engineered clay, the HYPER clay, has been developed at Ghent University resulting in a patent pending (PCT/EP2011/064542). This “HYPER clay” technology consists of a new method to treat a clay with an anionic polymer which is irreversibly adsorbed in the clay fabric. Other engineered clays have already been made available, but none seems suitable, especially in the long term. This latter aspect is however crucial for practical applications and is the main product advancement aimed with the HYPER clay.
Low‐Temperature Chemical Vapor Deposition Tungsten Carbide Coatings for Wear/Erosion Resistance (1992)

A new chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process has been developed to deposit hard coatings, containing tungsten carbide, at temperatures below 500°C. These coatings, which have been applied to both ferrous and nonferrous alloys, exhibit excellent resistance to wear and erosion. The coatings comprise a mixture of tungsten and the tungsten carbide, the latter being present as W 2 C, W 2 C + W 3 C, or W 3 C. The coatings' composition and properties can be controlled by varying the CVD process parameters. The unique lamellar, fine‐grained microstructures of these coatings contribute to their good tribological properties.
2DEQ (2009)

The complexity of music production tools can be a significant bottleneck in the creative process. Here we describe the development of a simple, intuitive audio equalizer with the idea that our approach could also be applied to other types of music production tools. First, users generate a large set of equalization curves representative of the most common types of modifications. Next, we represent the entire set of curves in 2-dimensional space and determine the spatial location of common auditory adjectives. Finally we create an interface, called 2DEQ, where the user can drag a single dot to control equalization in this adjective-labeled space.
Discriminatory learning based performance monitoring of batch processes (2011)

This paper proposes a novel approach towards performance monitoring of batch processes that is oriented towards the requirements of real time assessment of batch health and online batch qualification. The proposed approach is based on the use of discriminant analysis and exploits class information that is generally known (but ignored) from the archive of historical batches. Wavelet approximations are shown to provide for a parsimonious representation of the batch profiles. A framework for batch classification that is based on the above discriminatory learning is proposed to facilitate the task of performance monitoring. The developed methods are evaluated on a Penicillin fermentation process for their ability to monitor and to detect the faults both for real time batch qualification as well as for batch release procedures.
Penrose Pixels Super-Resolution in the Detector Layout Domain (2007)

We present a novel approach to reconstruction based super- resolution that explicitly models the detector's pixel layout. Pixels in our model can vary in shape and size, and there may be gaps between adjacent pixels. Furthermore, their layout can be periodic as well as aperiodic, such as penrose tiling or a biological retina. We also present a new variant of the well known error back-projection super-resolution algorithm that makes use of the exact detector model in its back projection operator for better accuracy. Our method can be applied equally well to either periodic or aperiodic pixel tiling. Through analysis and extensive testing using synthetic and real images, we show that our approach outperforms existing reconstruction based algorithms for regular pixel arrays. We obtain significantly better results using aperiodic pixel layouts. As an interesting example, we apply our method to a retina-like pixel structure modeled by a centroidal Voronoi tessellation. We demonstrate that, in principle, this structure is better for super-resolution than the regular pixel array used in today's sensors.
Ultrahigh-Q crystalline optical whispering gallery mode resonators (2004)

We report on fabrication of ultrahigh-Q crystalline optical whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators via mechanical polishing. The maximum Q-factor achieved at room temperature exceeds 2/spl times/10/sup 10/. We discuss strong nonlinear behavior of the resonators and propose several devices based on the resonators. We have studied WGM resonators fabricated of calcium fluoride and few other crystals and measured their quality factors. High optical Q-factor was obtained due to several nonlinear optical effects. Two of them are instability due to strong thermal nonlinearity and optical oscillations based on four wave mixing.
Aspects of Potassium Channel Modulation (1995)

Advances in molecular biology are giving unprecedented insights into potassium (K)-channel structure and function. In parallel, the development of channel modulators and their investigation using electrophysiological techniques has revealed much, but posed many questions. What is the importance of the recently-discovered channel β-subunits? What is the nature of the so-called ATP-sensitive K-channel and how do K-channel openers exert tissue-protective actions? Can the K-channels in lymphocytes be exploited therapeutically? The purpose of this chapter is to give the reader an insight into this dynamic pharmacological field and to provide a stimulus for further discussion and experimentation. Correspondence to: Gillian Edwards, address as above.
Membrane Recovery in Liquid Membrane Separation Processes (1985)

Abstract The use of conventional electrostatic coalescers with bare metal electrodes for the separation of rich water-in-oil emulsions often causes the formation of a sponge-like emulsion. This effect was eliminated by the use of insulated electrodes in a coalescer that allow the application of high electric fields at the oil/water interface, resulting in a clean separation of oil from water.
Aberration-diverse optical coherence tomography for suppression of multiple scattering and speckle (2018)

Multiple scattering is a major barrier that limits the optical imaging depth in scattering media. In order to alleviate this effect, we demonstrate aberration-diverse optical coherence tomography (AD-OCT), which exploits the phase correlation between the deterministic signals from single-scattered photons to suppress the random background caused by multiple scattering and speckle. AD-OCT illuminates the sample volume with diverse aberrated point spread functions, and computationally removes these intentionally applied aberrations. After accumulating 12 astigmatism-diverse OCT volumes, we show a 10 dB enhancement in signal-to-background ratio via a coherent average of reconstructed signals from a USAF target located 7.2 scattering mean free paths below a thick scattering layer, and a 3× speckle contrast reduction from an incoherent average of reconstructed signals inside the scattering layer. This AD-OCT method, when implemented using astigmatic illumination, is a promising approach for ultra-deep volumetric optical coherence microscopy.
Characterization of a dual-action adulticidal and larvicidal interfering RNA pesticide targeting the Shaker gene of multiple disease vector mosquitoes (2020)

The existing mosquito pesticide repertoire faces great challenges to sustainability, and new classes of pesticides are vitally needed to address established and emerging mosquito-borne infectious diseases. RNA interference- (RNAi-) based pesticides are emerging as a promising new biorational mosquito control strategy. In this investigation, we describe characterization of an interfering RNA pesticide (IRP) corresponding to the mosquito Shaker (Sh) gene, which encodes an evolutionarily conserved voltage-gated potassium channel subunit. Delivery of the IRP to Aedes aegypti adult mosquitoes in the form of siRNA that was injected or provided as an attractive toxic sugar bait (ATSB) led to Sh gene silencing that resulted in severe neural and behavioral defects and high levels of adult mortality. Likewise, when provided to A. aegypti larvae in the form of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) that had been formulated into a dried inactivated yeast tablet, the yeast IRP induced neural defects and larval death. Although the Sh IRP lacks a known target site in humans or other non-target organisms, conservation of the target site in the Sh genes of multiple mosquito species suggested that it may function as a biorational broad-range mosquito insecticide. In support of this, the Sh IRP induced both adult and larval mortality in treated Aedes albopictus, Anopheles gambiae, and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes, but was not toxic to non-target arthropods. These studies indicated that IRPs targeting Sh could one day be used in integrated biorational mosquito control programs for the prevention of multiple mosquito-borne illnesses. The results of this investigation also suggest that the species-specificity of ATSB technology, a new paradigm for vector control, could be enhanced through the use of RNAi-based pesticides.
Instant Scene Modeler for Crime Scene Reconstruction (2006)

Crime scene reconstruction is a labor-intensive but an essential task of police investigation. Currently, the police spend a lot of time at the crime scene taking many measurements and photos, and then spend more time at the computer recreating the crime scene drawings manually. Automatic generation of photo-realistic three-dimensional calibrated models using a hand-held device is highly desirable for crime scene reconstruction as well as for many other applications. In this paper, we present the instant Scene Modeler (iSM), a 3D imaging system that automatically creates 3D models using an off-the-shelf hand-held stereo camera. The user points the camera at a scene of interest and the system will create a photo-realistic 3D calibrated model automatically within minutes. Forensics field tests have been carried out with promising results and the advantages of 3D imaging for this application are described.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation coils (2022)

Abstract Many different types of TMS coils have been proposed and implemented, but all share certain common features. The induced electric field is always maximum in the superficial parts of the brain, nearest the coil, and attenuates toward the center of the head. Power requirements are high. Design tradeoffs are present between specific coil features including focality, relative penetration, size, weight, efficiency, heating, and noise. Because of the high voltages and currents involved, electrical safety, cooling, and the need for hearing protection must always be considered. Special situations such as placebo stimulation, small animal studies, and stimulation inside MRI systems generally require coils designed specifically for these applications.
Warmwater fish vaccinology in catfish production (2004)

The ability of the fish industry to provide a continuous supply of fish protein depends on both proper biosecurity and strategies to significantly reduce the risk of infectious diseases. Vaccination is a safe and effective means to prevent disease and to increase the productivity and profitability of farmed fish. Vaccines are likely to be the prime prophylactic measure of the future because of rapidly developing advances in fish vaccine technology and producer acceptance. The efficacy of a vaccine is influenced by a variety of factors that must be considered in the development of vaccination strategies for fish. This review highlights some of these factors. The response to a modified live vaccine against Edwardsiella ictaluri is used for illustration.
Modeling and Prediction of Wireless Channel Quality (2005)

In this chapter, we present an optimal frame size predictor for maximizing the wireless channel utilization. Kalman filter is adopted to predict the optimal frame size under noisy wireless channel. Simulations results show that the performance of proposed frame size predictor is much better than other prediction methods like moving average.
IPF: In-Place X-Filling to Mitigate Soft Errors in SRAM-Based FPGAs (2011)

SRAM-based Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are vulnerable to Single Event Upsets (SEUs). We show that a large portion (40%-60% for the circuits in our experiments) of the total used LUT configuration bits are don't care bits, and propose to decide the logic values of don't care bits such that soft errors are reduced. Our approaches are efficient and do not change LUT level placement and routing. Therefore, they are suitable for design closure. For the ten largest combinational MCNC benchmark circuits mapped for 6-LUTs, our approaches obtain 20% chip level Mean Time To Failure (MTTF) improvements, compared to the baseline mapped by Berkeley ABC mapper. They obtain 3× more chip level MTTF improvements and are 128× faster when compared to the existing best in-place IPD algorithm.