gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Procedural window lighting effects for real-time city rendering (2015)

We present a new method for procedurally generating window lighting and building interior effects for real-time rendering of city scenes. Our method can selectively light a random subset of windows on the building with varying color and brightness. This window light can be combined with cube maps of representative building interior (i.e. interior maps) to generate rich details at different scales in large-scale city rendering. Our method relies solely on window transparency cutout (alpha) layer and a simple texture parameterization scheme in the building models and requires no additional information to be stored per building. The algorithm can be implemented completely in a fragment shader function, which makes it suitable for integration into existing render engines. The percentage of window lighting can be adjusted smoothly using a single parameter. We demonstrate our method using a large-scale 3D city data set, running with interactive frame rates on both PC and mobile platforms.
Myasthenia gravis in infancy (1981)

Symptoms of myasthenia gravis in infancy may occur from passive transfer of maternal disease, acquired autoimmune disease, or nonautoimmune hereditary disease. Of nine patients with infantile-onset myasthenia who were not born to mothers with the disease, two had detectable antibody to acetylcholine receptor. Patients with or without antibodies were clinically indistinguishable, except for the occurrence of similar disease in siblings of patients without antibody. Differentiation of autoimmune and hereditary myasthenia in infancy is necessary for appropriate therapeutic measures and genetic counseling. Antibody determinations provide a useful aid in this differentiation.
Synthesis of 6,6-pentamethylene-2-aminosuberic acid. A key intermediate in the synthesis of dicarba analogs of vasopressin antagonists (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 6,6-pentamethylene-2-aminosuberic acid. A key intermediate in the synthesis of dicarba analogs of vasopressin antagonistsJames F. Callahan, Kenneth A. Newlander, Heidemarie G. Bryan, William F. Huffman, Michael L. Moore, and Nelson C. F. YimCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 7, 1527–1530Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00242a035https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00242a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views394Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sensing of Flow and Shear Stress Using Fluorescent Molecular Rotors (2005)

Molecular rotors are fluorescent molecules with two competing pathways of deexcitation: They return from the excited singlet state to the ground state either through fluorescence or through nonradiative intramolecular rotation. Molecular rotors are known as viscosity sensors, because intramolecular rotation rate depends on the viscosity of the solvent. In this study, we describe a new observation that the emission intensity of certain molecular rotors with hydrophilic head groups is elevated in fluids under shear. This intensity increase is dependent on both fluid velocity and viscosity. Statistically significant intensity increase was observed at fluid velocities as low as 0.6 mm/s. Using fiberoptics, local flow profiles could be probed. Measuring emission intensity of molecular rotors in sheared fluids may lead to the development of new shear field sensors, allowing real-time measurement of shear and flow without disturbing the fluid.
Coarse-grain Fine-grain Coattention Network for Multi-evidence Question Answering (2019)

End-to-end neural models have made significant progress in question answering, however recent studies show that these models implicitly assume that the answer and evidence appear close together in a single document. In this work, we propose the Coarse-grain Fine-grain Coattention Network (CFC), a new question answering model that combines information from evidence across multiple documents. The CFC consists of a coarse-grain module that interprets documents with respect to the query then finds a relevant answer, and a fine-grain module which scores each candidate answer by comparing its occurrences across all of the documents with the query. We design these modules using hierarchies of coattention and self-attention, which learn to emphasize different parts of the input. On the Qangaroo WikiHop multi-evidence question answering task, the CFC obtains a new state-of-the-art result of 70.6% on the blind test set, outperforming the previous best by 3% accuracy despite not using pretrained contextual encoders.
Use of recombinant OspC from Borrelia burgdorferi for serodiagnosis of early Lyme disease (1994)

Infection with Borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of Lyme disease, is associated with an early and dominant humoral response to the spirochete's 23-kDa outer surface protein C (OspC). We have cloned and expressed OspC as a fusion protein in Escherichia coli and have shown that patient serum samples react with it in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (S. J. Padula, A. Sampieri, F. Dias, A. Szczepanski, and R. W. Ryan, Infect. Immun. 61:5097-5105, 1993). Now we have compared the detection of B. burgdorferi-specific immunoglobulin M antibodies in 74 individuals with culture-positive erythema migrans by a whole-cell ELISA, immunoblot, and the recombinant OspC (rOspC) ELISA. Seventy-six negative controls were also studied. With all of the tests, there was a statistically significant association between the duration of disease and the frequency of a positive result. With the rOspC ELISA, the predictive value of a positive test was 100% and the predictive value of a negative test was 74%. Similar results were obtained with the whole-cell ELISA and with the immunoblot using as the source of test antigen a strain of B. burgdorferi which expresses abundant levels of OspC. We conclude that the use of rOspC in an ELISA is a convenient, readily automated, and easily standardized test for the serodiagnosis of early Lyme disease.
Characterization and reduction of the transient response in steady‐state MR imaging (2001)

Refocused steady-state free precession (SSFP) imaging sequences have recently regained popularity as faster gradient hardware has allowed shorter repetition times, thereby reducing SSFP's sensitivity to off-resonance effects. Although these sequences offer fast scanning with good signal-to-noise efficiency, the "transient response," or time taken to reach a steady-state, can be long compared with the total imaging time, particularly when using 2D sequences. This results in lost imaging time and has made SSFP difficult to use for real-time and cardiac-gated applications. A linear-systems analysis of the steady-state and transient response for general periodic sequences is shown. The analysis is applied to refocused-SSFP sequences to generate a two-stage method of "catalyzing," or speeding up the progression to steady-state by first scaling, then directing the magnetization. This catalyzing method is compared with previous methods in simulations and experimentally. Although the second stage of the method exhibits some sensitivity to B(1) variations, our results show that the transient time can be significantly reduced, allowing imaging in a shorter total scan time. Magn Reson Med 46:149-158, 2001.
Tissue harmonic imaging (2002)

Harmonic imaging was originally developed for microbubble contrast agents in the early 90s under the assumption that tissue is linear and all harmonic echoes are generated by the bubbles. In fact, tissue, like bubbles, is a nonlinear medium. Whereas the harmonic echoes from bubbles have their origins in nonlinear scattering, those from tissue are a result of nonlinear propagation. The clinical benefits of tissue harmonic imaging are reduced reverberation noise and overall clutter level, improved border delineation, increased contrast resolution, and reduced phase aberration artifacts. To a large extend these benefits are explained by the properties of nonlinear propagation of the transmitted ultrasonic pulses in the tissue.
Fatty acids and their analogs for myocardial imaging and metabolism (1983)

The straight chain radiolabeled fatty acid (FA) show relatively rapid myocardial washout since they could be metabolized by the beta-oxidation and undergo in vivo deiodination. The high levels of free radioiodide in blood requires a special background correction. The use of p-iodo-phenylpentadecanoic acid stabilizes the iodine on the aromatic ring and lowers the amount of free iodide in the blood. This agent was evaluated in many patients, however, translocation of activity from the heart is evident, not as a result of deiodination but as p-Iodo-benzoic acid as a metabolite. To determine whether an analogue designed to inhibit the FA beta-oxidation metabolic process in the myocardium could be a valuable tracer for assessing the myocardial metabolic integrity, we synthesized 1-/sup 14/C-beta-methylheptadecanoic acid (/sup 14/C-BMHDA), a FA analogue. Biodistribution of /sup 14/C-BMHDA was determined in rats (groups of six) in 5 tissues and blood at 5, 15, 30 and 60 minutes and compared to /sup 14/C-palmitic acid (/sup 14/C-PA) a normal FA. A heart concentration of 2.82 and 4.18% I.D./gr at 5 and 60 minutes was observed for /sup 14/C-BMHDA, while /sup 14/C-palmitic acid was 2.65 and 0.89% I.D./gr at 5 and 60 minutes, respectively. 1 ref., 1 tab.
Shape Recognition and Pose Estimation for Mobile Augmented Reality (2010)

Nestor is a real-time recognition and camera pose estimation system for planar shapes. The system allows shapes that carry contextual meanings for humans to be used as Augmented Reality (AR) tracking targets. The user can teach the system new shapes in real time. New shapes can be shown to the system frontally, or they can be automatically rectified according to previously learned shapes. Shapes can be automatically assigned virtual content by classification according to a shape class library. Nestor performs shape recognition by analyzing contour structures and generating projective-invariant signatures from their concavities. The concavities are further used to extract features for pose estimation and tracking. Pose refinement is carried out by minimizing the reprojection error between sample points on each image contour and its library counterpart. Sample points are matched by evolving an active contour in real time. Our experiments show that the system provides stable and accurate registration, and runs at interactive frame rates on a Nokia N95 mobile phone.
10.1162/153244302760200696 (2000)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
A novel method for scattered radiation compensation in X-ray imaging systems, using partially transparent shields (PTS) (2002)

A new method for scattered radiation compensation in 2D projection radiographic imaging is presented. By comparing the detected signal under a small partially transparent shield (e.g. aluminum disk or strip), positioned between the X-ray source and the object being imaged, with the detected signal near the border of the shadow of the shield, the radiation scatter signal in the location of the shield is calculated. For polychromatic X-radiation, calibration with two known basis materials allows accurate calculation of the radiation scatter. Shields are positioned at several locations between object and source. By an interpolation technique, the radiation scatter in every region of interest can be calculated. The radiation scatter image is then subtracted from the original image of the object. The method needs only one exposure of the object. The primary radiation signals at the locations of the shields have undergone an extra drop, but the information about the object under the shields is not lost. One could restore the image by compensating for the effect of the shields on the primary signal. The theory of PTS is presented and results of experiments are given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Compton Scattering Gamma-ray Sources and Applications in Nuclear Photonics (2013)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text F. Albert, S. G. Anderson, G. Anderson, C. Ebbers, D. J. Gibson, J. Hall, R. A. Marsh, M. Messerly, M. Prantil, V. Semenov, S. S. Q. Wu, F. V. Hartemann, and C. P. J. Barty, "Compton Scattering Gamma-ray Sources and Applications in Nuclear Photonics," in Frontiers in Optics 2013, I. Kang, D. Reitze, N. Alic, and D. Hagan, eds., OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2013), paper FTh2A.2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
A High‐Energy‐Density Potassium Battery with a Polymer‐Gel Electrolyte and a Polyaniline Cathode (2018)

Abstract A safe, rechargeable potassium battery of high energy density and excellent cycling stability has been developed. The anion component of the electrolyte salt is inserted into a polyaniline cathode upon charging and extracted from it during discharging while the K + ion of the KPF 6 salt is plated/stripped on the potassium‐metal anode. The use of a p‐type polymer cathode increases the cell voltage. By replacing the organic‐liquid electrolyte in a glass‐fiber separator with a polymer‐gel electrolyte of cross‐linked poly(methyl methacrylate), a dendrite‐free potassium anode can be plated/stripped, and the electrode/electrolyte interface is stabilized. The potassium anode wets the polymer, and the cross‐linked architecture provides small pores of adjustable sizes to stabilize a solid‐electrolyte interphase formed at the anode/electrolyte interface. This alternative electrolyte/cathode strategy offers a promising new approach to low‐cost potassium batteries for the stationary storage of electric power.
An evaluation component for categorization systems (2002)

Automatic categorization is a way to combat the information overflow many companies face every day. For such an automatic categorization to be useful, the categorization model must correctly represent the intended ‘meaning’ of the categories. An important factor is the categorization model used which is created in a training step based on representative sets of training documents for each category. The quality of the categorization model critically depends on the quality of the ‘training base’, which is the set of categories that make up the taxonomy together with the sets of training documents associated with each categories of the taxonomy. While a number of categorization systems are commercially available, assessing the categorization quality is a costly and labor-intensive task when performed manually on the basis of separate validation data. In this article, we describe an evaluation component that automatically evaluates the quality of a training base independent from the categorization system used. Furthermore, we show how this component can be used to propose changes to the training base that can help to reduce the number of problematic areas thereby improving the quality of the categorization system. We illustrate our approach using a sample taxonomy with 10 categories and approx. 400 training documents.
A Novel Fault-Tolerant DFIG-Based Wind Energy Conversion System for Seamless Operation During Grid Faults (2014)

A novel fault-tolerant configuration of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) for wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) is proposed in this paper for the seamless operation during all kinds of grid faults. The proposed configuration is developed by replacing the traditional six-switch grid-side converter (GSC) of DFIG with a nine-switch converter. With the additional three switches, the nine-switch converter can provide six independent output terminals. One set of three output terminals are connected to the grid through interfacing inductors to realize normal GSC operation while, the other set of three output terminals are connected to neutral side of the stator windings to provide fault ride-through (FRT) capability to the DFIG. An appropriate control algorithm is developed for the proposed configuration that: 1) achieves seamless fault ride-through during any kind of grid faults and 2) strictly satisfies new grid codes requirements. The effectiveness of the proposed configuration in riding through different kind of faults is evaluated through detailed simulation studies on a 1.5-MW WECS.
Synthesis and characterization of novel heterocyclic diazenyl pyridinone copper(II) complexes with antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties (2022)

The novel diazenyl pyridinone heterocyclic ligands and their Cu(II) complexes have been prepared and characterized utilizing miscellaneous analytical tools, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopies. The investigated ligands are coordinated in a bidentate fashion through the azo nitrogen atom and the hydroxyl oxygen atom to the Cu(II) center. The EPR spectra indicated that the obtained complexes were monomeric, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that the Cu(II) atom adopted a six‐coordinated octahedral geometry. The ligands and their complexes were investigated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against some types of bacteria and fungi. The antioxidant and anticancer activities of the complexes were also assessed. The results show that these complexes exhibit higher antitumor efficiency and selectivity index against the models of human breast adenocarcinoma cells MCF‐7 and human primary hepatocytes THLE‐2 than the reference standard material doxorubicin. The results were supported by DFT calculations, molecular docking, and Hirshfeld surface analysis.
High power quantum cascade lasers (2002)

We concentrate on recent exciting results on quantum cascade (QC) microlasers with "chaotic laser resonators" obtained by deforming the circular shape of a whispering gallery cylinder laser into a quadrupolar shape. Conventional microdisk lasers, despite their low thresholds, have suffered so far from negligible output power. We have found that the output power increases near exponentially with increasing deformation and that for low deformations the emission can be interpreted as arising form chaotic whispering gallery rays which collide with the boundary at a varying incidence angle and escape refractively when the latter is below the critical angle for total internal reflection.
Improved transmit beamforming for WLAN systems (2013)

We study methods to improve the performance of transmit beamforming as specified in the draft specification of IEEE 802.11ac [1]. Through numerical analysis of exemplary channel statistics, we propose methods to reduce overhead for Givens decomposition based explicit feedback. We further evaluate the channel estimation performance tradeoff using smoothing, and beamforming. Lastly we propose non-precoded channel estimation for low delay spread channels. Numerical performance of the proposed methods are also presented.
Improved Reliability and ESD Characteristics of Flip-Chip GaN-Based LEDs With Internal Inverse-Parallel Protection Diodes (2007)

In this letter, a GaN/sapphire light-emitting diode (LED) structure was designed with improved electrostatic discharge (ESD) performance through the use of a shunt GaN ESD diode connected in inverse-parallel to the GaN LED. Thus, electrostatic charge can be discharged from the GaN LED through the shunt diode. We found that the ESD withstanding capability of GaN/sapphire LEDs incorporating this ESD-protection feature could be increased from several hundreds up to 3500 V in the human body model. Furthermore, flip-chip (FC) technology was also used to produce ESD-protected LEDs to further improve light output power and reliability. At a 20-mA current injection, the output power of the FC LEDs showed an improvement of around 60%. After a 1200-h aging test, the luminous intensities of the FC LEDs featuring an internal ESD-protection diode decreased by 4%. This decay percentage was far less than those of non-FC LEDs
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 1,2,3,7-Tetrahydro-6<i>H</i>-purin-6-one and 3,7-Dihydro-1<i>H</i>-purine-2,6-dione Derivatives as Corticotropin-Releasing Factor<sub>1</sub> Receptor Antagonists (2004)

A growing body of evidence suggests that CRF(1) receptor antagonism offers considerable therapeutic potential in the treatment of diseases resulting from elevated levels of CRF, such as anxiety and depression. A series of novel 1,2,3,7-tetrahydro-6H-purin-6-one and 3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione derivatives was synthesized and evaluated as corticotropin releasing factor-1 (CRF(1)) receptor antagonists. Compounds within this series, represented by compound 12d (IC(50) = 5.4 nM), were found to be highly potent CRF(1) receptor antagonists. In addition, compounds 12d and 12j were determined to be selective CRF(1) antagonists. The synthesis, structure-activity relationships and pharmacokinetic properties of compounds within this series is presented.