gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Production as a Service: A Digital Manufacturing Framework for Optimizing Utilization (2018)

In current practice, product developers with customized small batch production needs come across the problem of finding capable and flexible manufacturers, whereas manufacturers face underutilization due to inconsistent demand. This paper presents a Production as a Service (PaaS) framework to connect users (consumers or product developers) who have customized small batch manufacturing needs with manufacturers who have existing underutilized resources. PaaS is a cloud-based, centralized framework based on a service-oriented architecture that abstracts the manufacturing steps of a product as individual (production) service requests. Using PaaS, the user is able to reach many capable manufacturers at once and receive quotations for the production request. On the other end, PaaS reduces the effort required to find new customers and enables the manufacturers to easily submit quotations to increase the utilization of their resources. The functionalities and concepts defined in this paper are illustrated through case studies. Note to Practitioners-In order to transition product fabrication from the design phase to manufacturing, there is a need for identifying capable manufacturers with available resources that could be paired with user requirements. We propose Production as a Service (PaaS) in this paper and present initial implementations of the front-end and back-end components with a customizable optimization algorithm. Proposed abstractions and data structures make PaaS a unique, efficient, and intellectual property preserving framework. The current implementation of the framework has been tested with new designs. The PaaS framework has the potential to scale over a large network of manufacturers to effectively coordinate geo-distributed manufacturers for custom manufacturing needs.
Complete Genome Sequence of <i>Lactobacillus salivarius</i> CECT 5713, a Probiotic Strain Isolated from Human Milk and Infant Feces (2010)

Lactobacillus salivarius is a homofermentative lactic acid bacterium and is frequently isolated from mucosal surfaces of healthy humans. L. salivarius CECT 5713, a strain isolated simultaneously from breast milk and infant feces of a healthy mother-infant pair, has immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and anti-infectious properties, as revealed by several in vitro and in vivo assays. Here, we report its complete and annotated genome sequence.
Optically-transparent radiation-shielding composition. [Pb and Tl compounds] (1976)

An optically transparent, essentially colorless radiation shielding material for high energy radiation contains a combination of lead or thallium salts of C/sub 1/ to C/sub 5/ organic acids and may contain lead or thallium salts of mineral acids. Shields of complex shapes are easily constructed. (Official Gazette)
A carbohydrate-binding protein, Galectin-1, promotes proliferation of adult neural stem cells (2006)

In the subventricular zone of the adult mammalian forebrain, neural stem cells (NSCs) reside and proliferate to generate young neurons. We screened factors that promoted the proliferation of NSCs in vitro by a recently developed proteomics technique, the ProteinChip system. In this screen, we identified a soluble carbohydrate-binding protein, Galectin-1, as a candidate. We show herein that Galectin-1 is expressed in a subset of slowly dividing subventricular zone astrocytes, which includes the NSCs. Based on results from intraventricular infusion experiments and phenotypic analyses of knockout mice, we demonstrate that Galectin-1 is an endogenous factor that promotes the proliferation of NSCs in the adult brain.
ACTIVE CARBON-SUPPORTED ALUMINIUM COPPER CHLORIDE AS WATER-RESISTANT CARBON MONOXIDE ADSORBENT (1982)

Abstract A solid adsorbent of carbon monoxide, aluminium copper(I) chloride supported on active carbon, is prepared from copper(I) chloride, aluminium chloride, and active carbon. The adsorbent is stable against water and is applicable to separation of carbon monoxide from gas mixture containing water.
Data from Harnessing the hERG1/β1 Integrin Complex via a Novel Bispecific Single-chain Antibody: An Effective Strategy against Solid Cancers (2023)

<div>Abstract<p>mAbs, either mono- or bispecific (bsAb), represent one of the most successful approaches to treat many types of malignancies. However, there are certain limitations to the use of full length mAbs for clinical applications, which can be overcome by engineered antibody fragments. The aim of this study was to develop a small bsAb, in the format of a single-chain diabody (scDb), to efficiently target two proteins, the hERG1 potassium channel and the β1 subunit of integrin receptors, which specifically form a macromolecular complex in cancer cells. We provide evidence that the scDb we produced binds to the hERG1/β1 complex in cancer cells and tissues, but does not bind to the hERG1 channel in nonpathologic tissues, in particular the heart. The scDb-hERG1-β1 (i) downregulates the formation of the hERG1/β1 complex, (ii) inhibits Akt phosphorylation and HIF-1α expression, and (iii) decreases cell survival, proliferation, and migration <i>in vitro</i>. These effects only occur in cancer cells (either colon, pancreatic, or breast), but not in normal cells. <i>In vivo</i>, the scDb-hERG1-β1 shows a good pharmacokinetic profile, with a half-life of 13.5 hours and no general, cardiac, or renal toxicity when injected intravenously up to the dose of 8 mg/kg. The scDb-hERG1-β1 accumulates into subcutaneous xenografted tumors, arising from either colon or pancreatic human cancer cells, and induces a reduction of tumor growth and vascularization. Overall, the scDb-hERG1-β1 represents an innovative single-chain bispecific antibody for therapeutic applications in solid cancers that overexpress the hERG1/β1 integrin signaling complex.</p></div>
Production of a non-toxic site-directed mutant of Clostridium perfringens ε-toxin which induces protective immunity in mice (1998)

A panel of ten site-directed mutants of Clostridium perfringens epsilon-toxin was generated. All of the mutated proteins expressed in Escherichia coli were recognized in immunoblots by a neutralizing mAb raised against wild-type native epsilon-toxin. The cytotoxicity of the site-directed mutated toxins was assayed in vitro against MDCK cells. One mutation resulting in loss of activity in the assay was identified. This non-toxic protein was derived by substituting a proline for the histidine at residue 106 of the toxin. Immunization of mice with the non-toxic mutated epsilon-toxin resulted in the induction of a specific antibody response and immunized mice were protected against 1000 LD50 doses of wild-type recombinant epsilon-toxin.
Transmission phase gratings for EUV interferometry (2000)

The performance of the recently developed EUV phase-shifting point diffraction interferometer (PS/PDI) depends heavily on the characteristics of the grating beamsplitter used in the implementation. Ideally, such a grating should provide throughput of better than 25% and diffraction efficiency, defined as the ratio of the first-diffracted-order power to the zero-order power, variable in the range from approximately 10 to 500. The optimal method for achieving these goals is by way of a phase grating. Also, PS/PDI system implementation issues favor the use of transmission gratings over reflection gratings. Here, the design, fabrication, and characterization of a recently developed transmission phase grating developed for use in EUV interferometry is described.
Mobile Gas Lift Compressor and Well Unloading System for Enhancing Oil Production and Reserves, While Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Offshore Environments (2012)

Abstract The mobile offshore gas lift system discussed in this paper is a novel conceptcombining two production enhancement methods for oil wells which enables theunlocking of vast oil resources from offshore reservoirs. The system has beensuccessfully trialed in Benchamas Field, Gulf of Thailand (GoT), addingsignificant incremental production and reserves, while reducing greenhouse gasemissions from legacy ‘Well Unloading Units’ used in the field. The innovative system, named WUUC, optimizes oil production by allowing wellsto be subject to very low backpressure at surface while also being gas liftedsimultaneously, using otherwise vented hydrocarbon gas. The system incorporates a 3 phase separator and surge tank to separate fluidsfrom the production stream, with an inlet pressure as low as 30 psi. Liquidsare pumped back into the production pipeline at system pressure while the gasis captured in a 3 stage reciprocating compressor, compressed to approximately1100psi, and directed to a gas lift manifold which distributes the gas tomultiple wells for gas lifting. A unique aspect of this system is its mobility. The entire system is modularand can be rigged up or down in a single 12 hour shift offshore, using standardplatform cranes. This enables the unit to service multiple wellhead platformsoffshore for maximum usage, supporting a low cost, pay-as-you-go rental modelfor the equipment. Its small footprint offshore allows flexibility to performwireline activities simultaneously while operating the unit, an importantbenefit in high activity operations such as Thailand. The system began field testing in July 2009 on the ‘REX’ platform in BenchamasField, GoT. 2 MMscf/d of associated gas is captured from the production stream, compressed to high pressure and used to gas lift four oil wells (previouslyshut-in and depleted) on the remote platform, adding 2,000 bopd incrementaloil. The production results and system reliability have been outstanding. After2 ½ years of operation the unit has had 97% reliability and added over 900 Mstbof incremental oil. These are reserves which would otherwise have been leftunrecovered due to economic constraints of installing a conventional gas liftcompressor and/or electrical submersible pump (ESP) on the remote wellheadplatform. In addition to these production gains, the system has prevented the release ofover 1.5 Bscf of greenhouse gas, which would otherwise have been vented toatmosphere, and utilized it instead for gas lifting application. Due to its mobility, low risk pay-as-you go business model, and smallfootprint, the WUUC system has potential to be applied in multiple offshorelocations globally, adding significant oil production and reserves, whilereducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Miniaturized pyrosequencer for DNA analysis with capillaries to deliver deoxynucleotides (2001)

As the human genome project proceeds, various types of DNA analysis tools are required for life sciences and medical sciences including DNA diagnostics. For example, a small DNA sequencer for sequencing a short DNA is required for bed-side DNA testing as well as DNA analysis in a small laboratory. Here, a new handy DNA sequencing system (pyrosequencer) based on the detection of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) released by polymerase incorporation is demonstrated. The system uses the bioluminescence detection system. The key point for the miniaturized DNA sequencer is to make a deoxynucleotide triphosphate (dNTP) delivery system small and inexpensive. It has been realized by using narrow capillaries to connect a reaction chamber and four dNTP reservoirs. Each dNTP is introduced into the reaction chamber by applying a pressure to the reservoir. Compared with other microdispensers, it is much cheaper and easier. By optimizing the conditions, an excellent sequencing ability is achieved while it is a simple and inexpensive system. In most cases, more than 40 bases can be successfully sequenced. A homopolymeric region, which can not be easily sequenced by a conventional gel-based DNA sequencer, is readily sequenced with this system. The new system is successfully applied to sequence a GC rich region or a region close to a priming region where misreading frequently occurs. A rapid analysis for a short DNA was easily achieved with this small instrument.
In Situ Study of Colloid Crystallization in Constrained Geometry (2003)

We visualized in real time electrodeposition-driven colloid crystal growth on patterned conductive surfaces. The electrode was patterned with dielectric ribs and conductive grooves; the groove width was commensurate or incommensurate with a two-dimensional colloid crystal lattice. Electrodeposition was carried out against gravity to decouple sedimentation and electrodeposition of colloid particles. Our experiments reveal the following: (i) Colloid crystal growth occurs under the action of electrohydrodynamic forces, in contrast with colloid assembly under the action of capillary forces. (ii) Confinement of the colloid arrays reduces the size of particle clusters. Small clusters easily undergo structural rearrangements to produce close-packed crystals when the groove width is commensurate or nearly commensurate with the 2D lattice. (iii) Incommensurability between the two-dimensional crystalline lattice and the groove width exceeding ca. 15% leads to the formation of non-close-packed structures and the distortion of colloid arrays.
Induction of Sustained Early G1 Arrest by Selective Inhibition of CDK4 and CDK6 Primes Myeloma Cells for Synergistic Killing by Proteasome Inhibitors Carfilzomib and PR-047 (2008)

Abstract Targeting the cell cycle in combination with cytotoxic killing is a rational approach to cancer therapy. Dysregulation of the cyclin-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6 precedes uncontrolled proliferation of myeloma cells in vivo, in particular during relapse and drug resistance. This finding reinforces the critical importance of targeting CDK4/6 in myeloma, but success with broad-spectrum CDK inhibitors has been modest. Using the only known selective inhibitor of CDK4/6, PD 0332991, we have developed a novel approach to prime chemoresistant myeloma cells for synergistic killing by diverse cytotoxic agents. We show that selective inhibition of CDK4/6 by PD 0332991 leads to sustained cell cycle arrest in early G1 in the absence of apoptosis. However, it markedly augments cytotoxic killing by PR-171 (carfilzomib), a selective inhibitor of the chymotrypsin-like activity of the proteasome, or PR-047, an orally bioavailable analog of carfilzomib. Synergistic killing of myeloma cells arrested in early G1 by carfilzomib (or PR-047) is caspase-dependent, and requires only a brief (one hour) exposure to the proteasome inhibitor at concentrations as low as 60 nM. This effect is mediated by synergistic and rapid induction of mitochondrial membrane depolarization and activation of downstream caspase-9 within 6 hours of removal of carfilzomib or PR-047. As PD 0332991 acts as an ATP-competitive inhibitor of the CDK4/6 kinase domain, inhibition of CDK4/6 and the cell cycle by PD 0332991 is reversible. Importantly, targeting CDK4/6 with PD 0332991 in combination with either carfilzomib or PR-047 leads to complete eradication of myeloma cells ex vivo, in contrast to the combination of PD 0332991 with other proteasome inhibitors. Selective inhibition of CDK4/6 in combination with carfilzomib (or PR-047), therefore, not only halts cell proliferation but also potently induces synergistic killing that is likely to eliminate cell cycle reentry and generation of resistant cells. PD 0332991 is a small molecule with bio-availability and proven tumor suppressing activity in both human myeloma xenograft and immunocompetent mouse myeloma models. It is well tolerated in humans as shown by the ongoing Phase I/II clinical trials in myeloma and previous phase I trials in mantle cell lymphoma and solid tumors. Evidence from Phase I trials of carfilzomib indicates that it is also well tolerated, in fact, the peripheral neuropathy that is commonly observed with proteasome inhibitor bortezomib appears to be less severe and possibly less frequent. Mechanism-based targeting of CDK4/6 in combination with selective proteasome inhibitors, like carfizomib and PR-047, thus represents a new and promising therapeutic strategy for multiple myeloma and potentially other hematopoietic malignancies.
Wind Tunnel Testing of Active Flow Control on the High Lift Common Research Model (2019)

A 10%-scale high-lift version of the Common Research Model (CRM-HL) and an Active Flow Control (AFC) version of the model equipped with a simple-hinged flap (CRM-SHLAFC) were successfully tested. The tests were performed in the 14- by 22-Foot Subsonic Tunnel (14x22) at the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC). The CRM-HL has a set of 37° inboard and outboard single-element Fowler flaps. The CRM-SHL-AFC has a set of 50° inboard and 55° outboard simple-hinged flaps equipped with integrated modular AFC cartridges on the flap shoulder. Both high-lift configurations share the same 30° slats and engine nacelle. Three new types of AFC devices were examined: the Double-Row Sweeping Jets (DRSWJ), the Alternating Pulsed Jets (APJ), and the High Efficiency Low Power (HELP) actuators. The DRSWJ and the APJ actuators used two rows of unsteady jets, whereas the HELP actuators used a combination of unsteady and steady jets, to overcome strong adverse pressure gradients while minimizing the mass flow usage. Nozzle pressure ratio, mass flow consumption and the power coefficient, which takes account of both supply air pressure and mass flow usage for the actuators, were used for judging the performance efficiency of the AFC devices. A prestall lift performance degradation for the CRM-HL configuration was resolved with a properly placed nacelle chine. The configuration with nacelle chine was chosen as the representative reference conventional high-lift case for comparison with the CRMSHL- AFC. The AFC-induced lift coefficient increment (DCL) was maintained for the entire lift curve over the CRM-SHL-AFC case with no AFC for almost all flow-control cases examined. The lift curve of the reference CRM-HL have a slightly steeper slope compared to those of the CRM-SHL-AFC configurations. The HELP actuation concept was extremely effective in controlling flow separation in the “linear region” of the curves comparing lift coefficient to mass flow rate. The HELP actuation achieved a targeted DCL of 0.50 using a moderate amount of mass flow and supply air pressure. The CRM-SHL-AFC configuration equipped with HELP actuation was able to match or exceed the lift performance of the reference conventional high-lift configuration (i.e., CRM-HL equipped with a nacelle chine), thus meeting the NASA Advanced Air Transport Technology (AATT) project goal.
Enhanced video browsing using automatically extracted audio excerpts (2003)

We present a method for rapidly and robustly extracting audio excerpts without the overhead of speech recognition or speaker segmentation. An immediate application is to automatically augment keyframe-based video summaries with informative audio excerpts associated with the video segments represented by the keyframes. Short audio clips combined with keyframes comprise an extremely lightweight and Web-browsable interface for auditioning video or similar media, without using bandwidth-intensive streaming video or audio.
Comparison of N <sub>2</sub> O <sub>5</sub> mixing ratios during NO3Comp 2007 in SAPHIR (2012)

Abstract. N2O5 detection in the atmosphere has been accomplished using techniques which have been developed during the last decade. Most techniques use a heated inlet to thermally decompose N2O5 to NO3, which can be detected by either cavity based absorption at 662 nm or by laser-induced fluorescence. In summer 2007, a large set of instruments, which were capable of measuring NO3 mixing ratios, were simultaneously deployed in the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR in Jülich, Germany. Some of these instruments measured N2O5 mixing ratios either simultaneously or alternatively. Experiments focussed on the investigation of potential interferences from e.g. water vapor or aerosol and on the investigation of the oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds by NO3. The comparison of N2O5 mixing ratios shows an excellent agreement between measurements of instruments applying different techniques (3 cavity ring-down (CRDS) instruments, 2 laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) instruments). Data sets are highly correlated as indicated by the square of the linear correlation coefficients, R2, which values are larger than 0.96 for the entire data sets. N2O5 mixing ratios well agree within the combined accuracy of measurements. Slopes of the linear regression range between 0.87 and 1.26 and intercepts are negligible. The most critical aspect of N2O5 measurements by cavity ring-down instruments is the determination of the inlet and filter transmission efficiency. Measurements here show that the N2O5 inlet transmission efficiency can decrease in the presence of high aerosol loads, and that frequent filter/inlet changing is necessary to quantitatively sample N2O5 in some environments. The analysis of data also demonstrates that a general correction for degrading filter transmission is not applicable for all conditions encountered during this campaign. Besides the effect of a gradual degradation of the inlet transmission efficiency aerosol exposure, no other interference for N2O5 measurements is found.