gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coding Overcomplete Representations of Audio Using the MCLT (2008)

We propose a system for audio coding using the modulated complex lapped transform (MCLT). In general, it is difficult to encode signals using overcomplete representations without avoiding a penalty in rate-distortion performance. We show that the penalty can be significantly reduced for MCLT-based representations, without the need for iterative methods of sparsity reduction. We achieve that via a magnitude-phase polar quantization and the use of magnitude and phase prediction. Compared to systems based on quantization of orthogonal representations such as the modulated lapped transform (MLT), the new system allows for reduced warbling artifacts and more precise computation of frequency-domain auditory masking functions.
Teleportation of Electronic Many-Qubit States Encoded in the Electron Spin of Quantum Dots via Single Photons (2005)

We propose a teleportation scheme that relies only on single-photon measurements and Faraday rotation, for teleportation of many-qubit entangled states stored in the electron spins of a quantum dot system. The interaction between a photon and the two electron spins, via Faraday rotation in microcavities, establishes Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger entanglement in the spin-photon-spin system. The appropriate single-qubit measurements, and the communication of two classical bits, produce teleportation. This scheme provides the essential link between spintronic and photonic quantum information devices by permitting quantum information to be exchanged between them.
C <sub>60</sub> H <sub>2</sub> : Synthesis of the Simplest C <sub>60</sub> Hydrocarbon Derivative (1993)

The reaction of C(60) with BH(3): tetrahydrofuran in toluene followed by hydrolysis yielded C(60)H(2). This product was separated by high-performance liquid chromatography and characterized as the addition product of H(2) to a 6,6-ring fusion (1alb isomer). The (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of the product remained a sharp singlet between -80 degrees and +100 degrees C, which suggests a static structure on the NMR time scale. Hydrolysis of the proposed borane addition product with acetic acid-d(1) or D(2)O yielded C(60)HD, and its (3)J(HD) coupling constant is consistent with vicinal addition. The observation of a single C(60)H(2) isomer is in complete agreement with earlier calculations that indicated that at most 2 of the 23 possible isomers of C(60) would be observable at equilibrium at room temperature. These results suggest that organoborane chemistry may be applied to further functionalization of fullerenes.
Shock wave absorber having a deformable liner (1983)

This invention discloses a shock wave absorber for a piping system carrying liquid. The absorber has a plastically deformable liner defining the normal flow boundary for an axial segment of the piping system, and a nondeformable housing is spaced outwardly from the liner so as to define a gas-tight space therebetween. The flow capacity of the liner generally corresponds to the flow capacity of the piping system line, but the liner has a noncircular cross section and extends axially of the piping system line a distance between one and twenty times the diameter thereof. Gas pressurizes the gas-tight space equal to the normal liquid pressure in the piping system. The liner has sufficient structural capacity to withstand between one and one-half and two times this normal liquid pressures; but at greater pressures it begins to plastically deform initially with respect to shape to a more circular cross section, and then with respect to material extension by circumferentially stretching the wall of the liner. A high energy shock wave passing through the liner thus plastically deforms the liner radially into the gas space and progressively also as needed in the axial direction of the shock wave to minimize transmission of themore » shock wave beyond the absorber.« less
Cloning and sequence analysis of a newly identified Brucella abortus gene and serological evaluation of the 17-kilodalton antigen that it encodes (1995)

A thus far unknown gene encoding a Brucella abortus protein has been isolated from a lambda gt11 expression library probed with sera from Brucella-infected sheep. Sequence analysis of the cloned gene revealed the presence of an open reading frame of 158 amino acids encoding a protein of 17.3 kDa (calculated molecular mass). The recombinant B. abortus protein, expressed in Escherichia coli, and the corresponding Brucella melitensis protein migrated at the same apparent molecular masses as shown by Western blotting (immunoblotting). Among a series of serum samples from B. melitensis- or B. abortus-infected sheep and cows, 51 and 39%, respectively, showed a signal at 17 kDa on Western blot analysis of total protein extract from Brucella bacteria. These figures amount to 70 and 61% for sheep and cattle, respectively, in a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with a specific monoclonal antibody. These data indicate that the 17-kDa antigen may be useful for serological diagnosis of Brucella infection.
Chromatic dispersion monitor for WDM systems using vestigial-sideband optical filtering (2003)

We propose and demonstrate a novel technique for 10- and 40-Gbit/s chromatic dispersion monitoring that uses an optical filter to select the upper and lower vestigial sideband (VSB) signals in transmitted optical data and determine the relative group delay caused by dispersion. The filter bandwidth is approximately equal to the bit-rate, e.g., -0.3 nm for 40-Gb/s data. The group delay can be measured from detecting the phase of the clock component in the photo-detected data. This technique can be used for both NRZ and RZ format. Many WDM channels can be accommodated by sweeping the optical filter across all channels.
Lymphocyte Proliferative Responses to Recombinant Bovine Herpes Virus Type 1 (BHV-1) Glycoprotein gD (gIV) in Immune Cattle: Identification of a T Cell Epitope (1995)

The lymphocyte proliferative response to BHV-1 in immune cattle was compared to recombinant wild-type gD and truncated gD produced from recombinant vaccinia viruses. The response exhibited by recombinant proteins was comparable to the response induced by BHV-1 suggesting that gD is the major target structure for stimulation of bovine lymphocytes. Analysis of the proliferative response using vaccinia virus vectors expressing various modified forms of gD identified a region between residues 165 and 216 recognized by T-lymphocytes of immune cattle. Further analysis by overlapping peptides in this region localized the T cell epitope to residues 161-172. Antibody-blocking studies demonstrated that lymphocytes responding to this epitope are CD4+. In addition, lymphocytes stimulated with gD or peptide 77 (residues 161-172) also produced IFN-gamma and IL-2.
Convenient fast pulsed molecular beam valve (1981)

We describe a fast electromagnetic valve for generation of a pulsed supersonic molecular beam. The valve produces 70 μs pulses with typical intensities in the neighborhood of 1×1022 molecules sr−1 s−1 at frequencies to 35 Hz. It is triggered by a low voltage–low current pulsed power supply which activates externally-mounted coils, minimizing problems of heat dissipation and electrical and magnetic interference. It also features a corrosion resistant gas reservoir isolated from the driving mechanism by a stainless steel bellows.
A free electron laser oscillator based on a cyclotron-undulator interaction (1983)

A free electron laser (FEL) oscillator experiment is described, in which an intense electron beam (750 kV, 20 kA) is prepared in a region of increasing guide magnetic field before injection into an undulator (60 periods, <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l_{o} = 1.25</tex> cm). The electron motion accordingly has a substantial transverse component ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\beta_{\perp} \approx 0.4</tex> ), and motion at the cyclotron ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\omega_{c} = eB_{o}/\gamma mc</tex> ) and undulator ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k_{o} V_{z}</tex> ) frequencies occurs. Theory predicts, in appropriate geometry, a convectively unstable electromagnetic wave having frequency <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\omega_{s} \approx 2\gamma_{z}^{2} (\omega_{c} + k_{o}V_{z})</tex> , where <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\gamma_{z} = (1 - \beta_{z}^{2})^{-1/2}</tex> , of the FEL type, where <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k_{o} = 2\pi/l_{o}</tex> . Megawatt level radiation at 1.7 mm, together with millimeter-harmonics and other microwave emission, is observed in a simple Fabry-Perot resonator system driven above oscillation threshold by a sufficiently large undulator field amplitude. Comparison of spectroscopic data with features of the theory permits identification of the cyclotron-undulator interaction.
High-Precision Time Transfer Over 2000-km Fiber Link (2015)

The two-way fiber-optic time transfer based on bidirectional time-division multiplexing transmission over a single fiber with the same wavelength (BTDM-SFSW) is an effective way to eliminate the effect of Rayleigh backscattering and reach the maximum bidirectional symmetry at the same time. In this paper, a BTDM-SFSW-based time transfer testbed is built with the employment of loop configuration in the laboratory to evaluate the performance of fiber-optic time transfer over thousands of kilometers, which is confronted with worse signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), more serious fiber dispersion, and so on. The contributions of different factors, including the precision and stability of transmitted wavelengths, the power dependence of transceivers' receiving delays, Sagnac effect, etc., to the uncertainty of time transfer are investigated by theoretical analyses and experimental measurements. A full uncertainty budget for the BTDM-SFSW-based time transfer is provided. Experimental results show that the stabilities of less than 89 ps/s and 23 ps/10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> s can be achieved for the time transfer over a 2000-km fiber link. The theoretical expanded uncertainty with the coverage factor <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${k}=2$</tex-math></inline-formula> can be less than 100 ps without the requirement of a fiber link calibration, which is validated by experimental results as well.
Method and apparatus for simultaneously measuring spectral wavelengths present in electromagnetic radiation (1990)

This patent describes an apparatus and method which simultaneously measures spectral wavelengths present in electromagnetic radiation. A modulatable birefringent optical element is employed to divide a polarized light beam into two components, thereby producing a phase difference in two resulting light beams such that the two beams can be made to interfere with one another when recombined, the interference pattern providing the wavelength information required for the analysis of the incident light. The interferometer thus created performs in a similar manner to a Michelson interferometer, but with no moving parts, and with a resolution dependent on the degree of phase shift introduced by the modulator.
<title>Standardizing the MR image intensity scales: making MR intensities have tissue-specific meaning</title> (2000)

One of the major drawbacks of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been the lack of a standard and quantifiable interpretation of image intensities. Unlike in other modalities such as x-ray computerized tomography, MR images taken for the same patient on the same scanner at different times may appear different from each other due to a variety of scanner-dependent variations, and therefore, the absolute intensity values do not have a fixed meaning. We have devised a two-step method wherein all images can be transformed in such a way that for the same protocol and body region, in the transformed images similar intensities will have similar tissue meaning. Standardized images can be displayed with fixed windows without the need of per case adjustment. More importantly, extraction of quantitative information with fixed windows without the need of per case adjustment. More importantly, extraction of quantitative information about healthy organs or about abnormalities can be considerably simplified. This paper introduces and compares new variants of this standardizing method that can help to overcome some of the problems with the original method.
Phytosterol-enriched triglyceride fractions from vegetable oil deodorizer distillates utilizing supercritical fluid fractionation technology (2002)

Supercritical fluid fractionation (SFF) technology has been applied as an alternative method to recover phytosterol (St)-enriched triglyceride (TG) fractions from vegetable oil deodorizer distillates (DD). Utilizing a pilot scale high pressure packed column, it was possible to obtain oil fractions with 20 and 31% St, 38 and 30% TG, from rice bran and soybean oil DD, respectively. A two step SFF method was developed further to obtain low free fatty acid and high TG and St content oil fractions from rice bran and soybean oil DD.
8.5-&lt;tex&gt;$hbox mOmega cdot hbox cm^2$&lt;/tex&gt;600-V Double-Epitaxial MOSFETs in 4H–SiC (2004)

The most important issue in realizing a 4H-SiC vertical MOSFET is to improve the poor channel mobility at the MOS interface, which is related to high on-resistance. This letter focuses on a novel 4H-SiC vertical MOSFET device structure where a low acceptor concentration epitaxial layer is used as a channel. We call this structure a double-epitaxial MOSFET (DEMOSFET). In the structure, the p-well is composed of two p-type epitaxial layers, while an n-type region between the p-wells is formed by low-dose n-type ion implantation. A buried channel is formed at the surface of the upper p/sup $/epitaxial layer. A fabricated DEMOSFET showed an on-resistance of 8.5 m/spl Omega//spl middot/cm/sup 2/ at a gate voltage of 15 V and a blocking voltage of 600 V. This on-resistance is the lowest so far reported for a vertical MOSFET with a blocking voltage of 600 V.
Detection of glypican-1 (GPC-1) expression in urine cell sediments in prostate cancer (2018)

While measurement of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) is an important screening tool for prostate cancer, new biomarkers are necessary for better discrimination between presence and absence of disease. The MIL-38 monoclonal antibody is specific for the membrane glycoprotein glypican 1 (GPC-1) and binds to prostate cancer tissue. Urine is known to be a source of cellular material. Thus, we hypothesized that detection of GPC-1 in urine cellular material may identify individuals with prostate cancer. Urine samples from patients with prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), or normal controls were collected and cell sediments prepared. GPC-1-positive cells were detected using a MIL-38 immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and samples were classed positive or negative for GPC-1 expressing cells. Assay sensitivity and specificity, stratified by PSA, was reported. A total of 125 patient samples were analyzed (N = 41 prostate cancer; N = 37 BPH; N = 47 normal controls). The use of MIL-38 to detect GPC-1 by IFA discriminated between prostate cancer and BPH urine specimens with a sensitivity and specificity of 71% and 76%, respectively. Assay specificity increased with increasing PSA, with the highest specificity (89%) for patients with PSA ≥4 ng/ml. At lower PSA (<2 ng/ml) specificity decreased, as evidenced by a greater number of false positives in this concentration range. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for GPC-1-positive cells in patients with prostate cancer, adjusted for PSA, was greatest at the lowest serum PSA (<2 ng/ml; OR = 13.4; 95% CI: 4.0-44.7) compared with no adjustment for PSA (OR = 6.4; 95% CI: 2.8-14.9). The use of MIL-38 for detection of GPC-1 may be a useful tool for detection of prostate cancer.
Expression of nerve growth factor receptors on the ocular surface in healthy subjects and during manifestation of inflammatory diseases. (1998)

The NGF receptor is present on the human ocular surface. The authors' data support the possibility that NGF modulates ocular inflammation and corneal epithelial proliferation and differentiation through its receptors.
Quasiparticle-Injected Superconducting Weak Link Device (1981)

This paper concerns a new three terminal superconducting weak link device, having a third electrode attached to the weak link part for injecting quasiparticles. The structure, the fabrication procedure and the result of the measurement of its static I-V characteristics are presented. As a result, a current gain larger than that of any other Josephson switching devices is obtained. It is found that the larger current gain depends strongly upon the input resistance between the third electrode and the weak link part. The switching speed of the device is also theoretically discussed.
Insights from the redefinition of Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide O-antigen and core-oligosaccharide domains (2017)

<i>H. pylori</i> is a Gram-negative extracellular bacterium, first discovered by the Australian physicians Barry Marshall and Robin Warren in 1982, that colonises the human stomach mucosa. It is the leading cause of peptic ulcer and commonly infects humans worldwide with prevalence as high as 90% in some countries. <i>H. pylori</i> infection usually results in asymptomatic chronic gastritis, however 10-15% of cases develop duodenal or gastric ulcers and 1-3% develop stomach cancer. Infection is generally acquired during childhood and persists for life in the absence of antibiotic treatment. <i>H. pylori</i> has had a long period of co-evolution with humans, going back to human migration out of Africa. This prolonged relationship is likely to have shaped the overall host-pathogen interactions and repertoire of virulence strategies which <i>H. pylori</i> employs to establish robust colonisation, escape immune responses and persist in the gastric niche. In this regard, <i>H. pylori</i> lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a key surface determinant in establishing colonisation and persistence via host mimicry and resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides. Thus, elucidation of the <i>H. pylori</i> LPS structure and corresponding biosynthetic pathway represents an important step towards better understanding of <i>H. pylori</i> pathogenesis and the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
Bidirectional EDFA for Future Extra Large Passive Optical Networks (2006)

We introduce a concept for a future amplified XL-PON system and assess a proper scheme based on a bidirectional EDFA for optical amplification of 10Gbit/s downstream and burst-shaped 2.5Gbit/s upstream channels.
Gyroscopes based on nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond (2012)

We propose solid-state gyroscopes based on ensembles of negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (${\mathrm{NV}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$) centers in diamond. In one scheme, rotation of the NV${}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ symmetry axis will induce Berry phase shifts in the ${\mathrm{NV}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ electronic ground-state coherences proportional to the solid angle subtended by the symmetry axis. We estimate a sensitivity in the range of $5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ $\mathrm{rad}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}{\mathrm{s}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}{\mathrm{Hz}}^{\ensuremath{-}1/2}$ in a 1-mm${}^{3}$ sensor volume using a simple Ramsey sequence. Incorporating dynamical decoupling to suppress dipolar relaxation may yield a sensitivity at the level of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$ $\mathrm{rad}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}{\mathrm{s}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}{\mathrm{Hz}}^{\ensuremath{-}1/2}$. With a modified Ramsey scheme, Berry phase shifts in the ${}^{14}\mathrm{N}$ hyperfine sublevels would be employed. The projected sensitivity is in the range of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$ $\mathrm{rad}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}{\mathrm{s}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}{\mathrm{Hz}}^{\ensuremath{-}1/2}$, however, the lower gyromagnetic ratio of ${}^{14}\mathrm{N}$ nuclei reduces the sensitivity to magnetic-field noise by several orders of magnitude. Reaching ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$ $\mathrm{rad}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}{\mathrm{s}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}{\mathrm{Hz}}^{\ensuremath{-}1/2}$ would represent an order of magnitude improvement over other compact, solid-state gyroscope technologies.
Reversed-phase liquid chromatography with Fourier infrared spectrometric detection using a flow cell interface (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReversed-phase liquid chromatography with Fourier infrared spectrometric detection using a flow cell interfaceCharles C. Johnson, John W. Hellgeth, and Larry T. TaylorCite this: Anal. Chem. 1985, 57, 3, 610–615Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1985https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00280a011RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views69Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (695 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Toward Ideal On-Chip Communication Using Express Virtual Channels (2008)

Current on-chip networks use a packet-switched design with a complex router at every hop, which imposes significant communication energy, delay, and throughput overhead. we propose reducing energy and delay, and increasing throughput, using express virtual channels. packets traveling along these virtual express lanes, which connect distant nodes in the network, bypass intermediate routers, significantly reducing router overhead.
In Vitro Bovine Retina Imaging by Digital Holographic Adaptive Optics (2012)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text C. Liu and M. K. Kim, "In Vitro Bovine Retina Imaging by Digital Holographic Adaptive Optics," in Frontiers in Optics 2012/Laser Science XXVIII, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2012), paper FW5A.2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Get Video Citation alert Save article