gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure of the Human D1F15S1A Locus: A Chromosome 1 Locus with 97% Identity to the Chromosome 3 Gene Coding for Hepatocyte Growth Factor-like Protein (1998)

The human chromosome 3 locus coding for hepatocyte growth factor-like protein/macrophage stimulating protein (HGFL/MSP) is homologous to two sets of amplified loci on human chromosome 1 at 1p36. One copy of one of the amplified loci (D1F15S1A) has been further characterized by restriction enzyme and DNA sequence analysis. A total of 8331 bp of continuous sequence was determined for this locus. The first 6878 bp of sequence is 96.1% identical to the HGFL/MSP gene, while there is no homology between the two genes following nucleotide 6878. Based on the presence of a 5 bp deletion in putative exon 2 and several downstream stop codons it is very likely that this gene is a pseudogene. Screening of a human liver cDNA library with a chromosome 1-specific probe indicates that at least several other members of the chromosome 1 loci are transcribed.
Vector based glyph style transfer (2019)

In this work, we solve the problem of real-time transfer of geometric style from a single glyph to the entire glyph set of a vector font. In our solution, a single glyph is defined as one or more closed Bézier paths which is further broken down in primitives to define a set of segments. The modification to these segments is percolated to the entire glyph set by comparing the set of segments across glyphs using techniques like the order and direction of segments and the spatial placement of segments. Once the target segments in other glyphs is identified the transformation from style glyph is applied to the target glyph.
Thin wire antennas in chiral media (1991)

By immersing conducting wire antennas in chiral media, their radiation characteristics can be tailored and enhanced. As the chirality of the media or length of the wire is increased, current along such antennas is characterised by a decaying rather than sinusoidal distribution. This produces reduced sidelobes, decreased main lobe beamwidths, and forbidden zones in the radiation pattern.
Resolution of a chronic viral infection after interleukin-10 receptor blockade (2006)

A defining characteristic of persistent viral infections is the loss and functional inactivation of antiviral effector T cells, which prevents viral clearance. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) suppresses cellular immune responses by modulating the function of T cells and antigen-presenting cells. In this paper, we report that IL-10 production is drastically increased in mice persistently infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. In vivo blockade of the IL-10 receptor (IL-10R) with a neutralizing antibody resulted in rapid resolution of the persistent infection. IL-10 secretion was diminished and interferon gamma production by antiviral CD8+ T cells was enhanced. In persistently infected mice, CD8alpha+ dendritic cell (DC) numbers declined early after infection, whereas CD8alpha- DC numbers were not affected. CD8alpha- DCs supported IL-10 production and subsequent dampening of antiviral T cell responses. Therapeutic IL-10R blockade broke the cycle of IL-10-mediated immune suppression, preventing IL-10 priming by CD8alpha- DCs and enhancing antiviral responses and thereby resolving infection without causing immunopathology.
The Amino Terminus of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Glycoprotein K (gK) Modulates gB-Mediated Virus-Induced Cell Fusion and Virion Egress (2009)

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-induced cell fusion is mediated by viral glycoproteins and other membrane proteins expressed on infected cell surfaces. Certain mutations in the carboxyl terminus of HSV-1 glycoprotein B (gB) and in the amino terminus of gK cause extensive virus-induced cell fusion. Although gB is known to be a fusogenic glycoprotein, the mechanism by which gK is involved in virus-induced cell fusion remains elusive. To delineate the amino-terminal domains of gK involved in virus-induced cell fusion, the recombinant viruses gKDelta31-47, gKDelta31-68, and gKDelta31-117, expressing gK carrying in-frame deletions spanning the amino terminus of gK immediately after the gK signal sequence (amino acids [aa] 1 to 30), were constructed. Mutant viruses gKDelta31-47 and gKDelta31-117 exhibited a gK-null (DeltagK) phenotype characterized by the formation of very small viral plaques and up to a 2-log reduction in the production of infectious virus in comparison to that for the parental HSV-1(F) wild-type virus. The gKDelta31-68 mutant virus formed substantially larger plaques and produced 1-log-higher titers than the gKDelta31-47 and gKDelta31-117 mutant virions at low multiplicities of infection. Deletion of 28 aa from the carboxyl terminus of gB (gBDelta28syn) caused extensive virus-induced cell fusion. However, the gBDelta28syn mutation was unable to cause virus-induced cell fusion in the presence of the gKDelta31-68 mutation. Transient expression of a peptide composed of the amino-terminal 82 aa of gK (gKa) produced a glycosylated peptide that was efficiently expressed on cell surfaces only after infection with the HSV-1(F), gKDelta31-68, DeltagK, or UL20-null virus. The gKa peptide complemented the gKDelta31-47 and gKDelta31-68 mutant viruses for infectious-virus production and for gKDelta31-68/gBDelta28syn-mediated cell fusion. These data show that the amino terminus of gK modulates gB-mediated virus-induced cell fusion and virion egress.
Rapid, Continuous Solution-Phase Peptide Synthesis:  Application to Peptides of Pharmaceutical Interest (2002)

The Fmoc/TAEA and Bsmoc/TAEA methods for the rapid, continuous solution synthesis of peptide segments are shown to be applicable to the gram-scale synthesis of short peptides as well as, for the first time, to the synthesis of a relatively long (22-mer) segment, (hPTH 13−34). In the latter case the crude product was of significantly greater purity than a sample obtained via a solid-phase protocol. The Bsmoc methodology was optimized by a new technique involving filtration of the growing partially deprotected peptide at each coupling−deprotection cycle through a short column of silica gel.
Coordinated Photoinduced Electron and Proton Transfer in a Molecular Triad (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCoordinated Photoinduced Electron and Proton Transfer in a Molecular TriadSu-Chun Hung, Alisdair N. Macpherson, Su Lin, Paul A. Liddell, Gilbert R. Seely, Ana L. Moore, Thomas A. Moore, and Devens GustCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 5, 1657–1658Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00110a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00110a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views268Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Automatic segmentation of vessels in breast MR sequences as a false positive elimination technique for automatic lesion detection and segmentation using the shape tensor (2006)

We present a new algorithm for automatic detection of bright tubular structures and its performance for automatic segmentation of vessels in breast MR sequences. This problem is interesting because vessels are the main type of false positive structures when automatically detecting lesions as regions that enhance after injection of the contrast agent. Our algorithm is based on the eigenvalues of what we call the shape tensor. It is new in that it does not rely on image derivatives of either first order, like methods based on the eigenvalues of the mean structure tensor, or second order, like methods based on the eigenvalues of the Hessian. It is therefore more precise and less sensitive to noise than those methods. In addition, the smoothing of the output which is inherent to approaches based on the Hessian or structure tensor is avoided. The output of our filter does not present the typical over-smoothed look of the output of the two differential filters that affects both their precision and sensitivity. The scale selection problem appears also less difficult in our approach compared to the differential techniques. Our algorithm is fast, needing only a few seconds per sequence. We present results of testing our method on a large number of motion-corrected breast MR sequences. These results show that our algorithm reliably segments vessels while leaving lesions intact. We also compare our method to the differential techniques and show that it significantly out-performs them both in sensitivity and localization precision and that it is less sensitive to scale selection parameters.
Fabrication of gated cathode structures using an <i>in situ</i> grown vertically aligned carbon nanofiber as a field emission element (2001)

Vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (VACNFs) are extremely promising cathode materials for microfabricated field emission devices, due to their low threshold field to initiate electron emission, inherent stability, and ruggedness, and relative ease of fabrication at moderate growth temperatures. We report on a process for fabricating gated cathode structures that uses a single in situ grown carbon nanofiber as a field emission element. The electrostatic gating structure was fabricated using a combination of traditional micro- and nanofabrication techniques. High-resolution electron beam lithography was used to define the first layer of features consisting of catalyst sites for VACNF growth and alignment marks for subsequent photolithography steps. Following metallization of these features, plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) was used to deposit a 1-μm-thick interlayer dielectric. Photolithography was then used to expose the gate electrode pattern consisting of 1 μm apertures aligned to the buried catalyst sites. After metallizing the electrode pattern the structures were reactive ion etched until the buried catalyst sites were released. To complete the devices, a novel PECVD process using a dc acetylene/ammonia/helium plasma was used to grow single VACNFs inside the electrostatic gating structures. The issues associated with the fabrication of these devices are discussed along with their potential applications.
Sp110 Localizes to the PML-Sp100 Nuclear Body and May Function as a Nuclear Hormone Receptor Transcriptional Coactivator (2000)

The nuclear body is a multiprotein complex that may have a role in the regulation of gene transcription. This structure is disrupted in a variety of human disorders including acute promyelocytic leukemia and viral infections, suggesting that alterations in the nuclear body may have an important role in the pathogenesis of these diseases. In this study, we identified a cDNA encoding a leukocyte-specific nuclear body component designated Sp110. The N-terminal portion of Sp110 was homologous to two previously characterized components of the nuclear body (Sp100 and Sp140). The C-terminal region of Sp110 was homologous to the transcription intermediary factor 1 (TIF1) family of proteins. High levels of Sp110 mRNA were detected in human peripheral blood leukocytes and spleen but not in other tissues. The levels of Sp110 mRNA and protein in the human promyelocytic leukemia cell line NB4 increased following treatment with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), and Sp110 localized to PML-Sp100 nuclear bodies in ATRA-treated NB4 cells. Because of the structural similarities between Sp110 and TIF1 proteins, the effect of Sp110 on gene transcription was examined. An Sp110 DNA-binding domain fusion protein activated transcription of a reporter gene in transfected mammalian cells. In addition, Sp110 produced a marked increase in ATRA-mediated expression of a reporter gene containing a retinoic acid response element. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate that Sp110 is a member of the Sp100/Sp140 family of nuclear body components and that Sp110 may function as a nuclear hormone receptor transcriptional coactivator. The predominant expression of Sp110 in leukocytes and the enhanced expression of Sp110 in NB4 cells treated with ATRA raise the possibility that Sp110 has a role in inducing differentiation of myeloid cells.
System for measuring sound velocity of tissue in an object and simultaneously providing a real-time <i>B</i>-mode image of the object (1989)

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Extracellular Tau Oligomers Produce An Immediate Impairment of LTP and Memory (2016)

Non-fibrillar soluble oligomeric forms of amyloid-β peptide (oAβ) and tau proteins are likely to play a major role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The prevailing hypothesis on the disease etiopathogenesis is that oAβ initiates tau pathology that slowly spreads throughout the medial temporal cortex and neocortices independently of Aβ, eventually leading to memory loss. Here we show that a brief exposure to extracellular recombinant human tau oligomers (oTau), but not monomers, produces an impairment of long-term potentiation (LTP) and memory, independent of the presence of high oAβ levels. The impairment is immediate as it raises as soon as 20 min after exposure to the oligomers. These effects are reproduced either by oTau extracted from AD human specimens, or naturally produced in mice overexpressing human tau. Finally, we found that oTau could also act in combination with oAβ to produce these effects, as sub-toxic doses of the two peptides combined lead to LTP and memory impairment. These findings provide a novel view of the effects of tau and Aβ on memory loss, offering new therapeutic opportunities in the therapy of AD and other neurodegenerative diseases associated with Aβ and tau pathology.
Radar Trajectory-based Air-Writing Recognition using Temporal Convolutional Network (2020)

Air-writing systems offer users a virtual board to write characters or words in free space using fingers or hand movements. Several works have been proposed in literature that aim to use different sensors to enable such a system as an alternative to the keyboard and click form of human-machine interfaces. The advancement of miniature radar sensors and deep learning has enabled precise estimation and tracking of finger or marker movement followed by character recognition to offer an effective air-writing solution. However, deviating from earlier works in literature that make use of a network of radars to effectively track and recognize characters, in this paper, we propose to use only one or two radars to sense the local hand trajectory. We propose to use 1D temporal convolutional network (TCN) for simultaneous feature extraction and temporal modeling to recognize the drawn character from the local target trajectory. A dataset with 3750 character instances has been recorded using a 60-GHz millimeter-wave frequency-modulated continuous wave radar (FMCW) radar. We demonstrate the proposed end to end solution achieves a mean accuracy of 99.11% and 91.33% for two radar and one radar-based solution respectively outperforming other deep architectures.
Wearable Heads up Displays for Transportation AR (2019)

DigiLens Switchable Bragg Grating (SBG) waveguide technology enables compact color HUDs for consumer transportation AR applications with a wide field of view, high brightness fabricated using a low-cost printing process.
Development of a Cell-Based High-Throughput Specificity Screen Using a Hepatitis C Virus-Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Dual Replicon Assay (2005)

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) replicon is a unique system for the development of a high-throughput screen (HTS), since the analysis of inhibitors requires the quantification of a decrease in a steady-state level of HCV RNA. HCV replicon replication is dependent on host cell factors, and any toxic effects may have a significant impact on HCV replicon replication. Therefore, determining the antiviral specificity of compounds presents a challenge for the identification of specific HCV inhibitors. Here we report the development of an HCV/bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) dual replicon assay suitable for HTS to address these issues. The HCV reporter enzyme is the endogenous NS3 protease contained within the HCV genome, while the BVDV reporter enzyme is a luciferase enzyme engineered into the BVDV genome. The HTS uses a mixture of HCV and BVDV replicon cell lines placed in the same well of a 96-well plate and isolated in the same cell backgrounds (Huh-7). The format consists of three separate but compatible assays: the first quantitates the amount of cytotoxicity based upon the conversion of Alamar blue dye via cellular enzymes, while the second indirectly quantitates HCV replicon replication through measurement of the amount of NS3 protease activity present. The final assay measures the amount of luciferase activity present from the BVDV replicon cells, as an indicator of the specificity of the test compounds. This HCV/BVDV dual replicon assay provides a reliable format to determine the potency and specificity of HCV replicon inhibitors.
Spatial synchronization using watermark key structure (2004)

Recently, we proposed a method for constructing a template for efficient temporal synchronization in video watermarking. Our temporal synchronization method uses a state machine key generator for producing the watermark embedded in successive frames of video. A feature extractor allows the watermark key schedule to be content dependent, increasing the difficulty of copy and ownership attacks. It was shown that efficient synchronization can be achieved by adding temporal redundancy into the key schedule. In this paper, we explore and extend the concepts of our temporal synchronization method to spatial synchronization. The key generator is used to construct the embedded watermark of non-overlapping blocks of the video, creating a tiled structure. The autocorrelation of the tiled watermark contains local maxima or peaks with a grid-like structure, where the distance between the peaks indicates the scale of the watermark and the orientation of the peaks indicate the watermark rotation. Experimental results are obtained using digital image watermarks. Scaling and rotation attacks are investigated.
P-12: A Novel Electrode Design for High Transmittance In-plane Switching Liquid Crystal Displays (2006)

We propose a new electrode design to enhance the transmittance of a conventional in-plane switching (IPS) mode liquid crystal display (LCD). In this high transmittance IPS (HT-IPS) mode, both substantial horizontal electric fields and fringe fields are generated simultaneously in different regions to reorient the liquid crystal directors. The HT-IPS mode can reach a transmittance&gt;90 % of a twist-nematic (TN) cell using both positive and negative LC materials, while it inherently shows a wide-viewing angle as well. 1.
Effect of Metal Salts on the Photoactivity of Titanium Dioxide (1981)

Titanium dioxide has been used for many years either alone or in combination with other pigments and fillers for the opacification of polymeric materials (1). An undesirable side-effect of titanium dioxide use is the photooxidation of oxidizable polymers in which it is incorporated (2,3); it has also been observed to decrease the lightfastness of dyes (4). Pigment manufacturers have reduced the photoactivity of titanium dioxide by minimizing metal impurities and by using various surface treatments. Crystal structure is also recognized as an important determinant of photoactivity; anatase pigments are generally more photoactive than rutile pigments (3,6). Photoreactions involving titanium dioxide are not always undesirable. This pigment has been used as a heterogeneous photocatalyst for reduction of nitrogen (7,8), for decomposition of carboxylic acids (9), and for radical polymerization (10). All of these uses are based on the behavior of titanium dioxide as a semiconductor. Photons having energies greater than ~
An interpenetrating polymer network as a stable second-order nonlinear optical material (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn interpenetrating polymer network as a stable second-order nonlinear optical materialS. Marturunkakul, J. I. Chen, L. Li, R. J. Jeng, J. Kumar, and S. K. TripathyCite this: Chem. Mater. 1993, 5, 5, 592–594Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00029a002https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00029a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views149Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An 80V class Silicon Lateral Trench Power MOSFET for High Frequency Switching Applications (2008)

An 80 V class integrable lateral trench power MOSFET based on a shallow trench (~1.0 mum) structure with a low Figure of Merit (R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</sub> timesQ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> ) for high frequency switching applications is presented. A simulated optimized MOSFET exhibits a Figure of Merit of 240 mOhm-nC, which is over 2.5X improvement on the best reported lateral trench power MOSFETs in the same voltage class. Prototype devices from the first silicon run exhibit a threshold voltage of IV, specific on- resistance of 3.05 mOhm-cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , breakdown voltage of 55 V and Figure of Merit of 645 mOhm-nC at a gate bias of 10 V.