gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cyclometalated Palladium(II) N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Anticancer Agents for Potent In Vitro Cytotoxicity and In Vivo Tumor Growth Suppression (2016)

Abstract Palladium(II) complexes are generally reactive toward substitution/reduction, and their biological applications are seldom explored. A new series of palladium(II) N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes that are stable in the presence of biological thiols are reported. A representative complex, [Pd(C^N^N)(N,N′‐nBu 2 NHC)](CF 3 SO 3 ) ( Pd1 d , HC^N^N=6‐phenyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine, N,N′‐nBu 2 NHC=N,N′‐di‐n‐butylimidazolylidene), displays potent killing activity toward cancer cell lines (IC 50 =0.09–0.5 μ m ) but is less cytotoxic toward a normal human fibroblast cell line (CCD‐19Lu, IC 50 =11.8 μ m ). In vivo anticancer studies revealed that Pd1 d significantly inhibited tumor growth in a nude mice model. Proteomics data and in vitro biochemical assays reveal that Pd1 d exerts anticancer effects, including inhibition of an epidermal growth factor receptor pathway, induction of mitochondrial dysfunction, and antiangiogenic activity to endothelial cells.
Quantitative Assessment of the Adsorptive Behavior of Viruses to Soils (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuantitative Assessment of the Adsorptive Behavior of Viruses to SoilsCharles P. Gerbo, Sagar M. Goyal, Irina. Cech, and Gregory F. BogdanCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1981, 15, 8, 940–944Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1981Publication History Published online18 July 2002Published inissue 1 August 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00090a600https://doi.org/10.1021/es00090a600research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views237Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Immunomodulatory activity of nivolumab in previously treated and untreated metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC): Biomarker-based results from a randomized clinical trial. (2014)

5012 Background: Nivolumab, a fully human IgG4 programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor antibody, has shown encouraging activity in mRCC. This trial assessed the immunomodulatory and clinical activity, and safety of nivolumab in patients (pts) with mRCC. Methods: Ninety-one pts received nivolumab IV Q3W: pretreated pts (1–3 prior therapies; ≥1 anti-angiogenic agent) received 0.3 (n=22), 2 (n=22), or 10 mg/kg (n=23); 24 treatment-naïve pts received 10 mg/kg. Fresh biopsies and serum were obtained at baseline (BL) and nivolumab cycle 2 day 8 (C2D8; biopsy) and cycle 4 day 1 (C4D1; serum). Primary objective was to assess the immunomodulatory activity of nivolumab on serum chemokines (CXCL9, CXCL10) and tumor T cell infiltrates from BL to post treatment. Secondary/exploratory objectives included safety and tolerability, antitumor activity (ORR; RECIST 1.1), BL and treatment-induced changes in PD-1 ligand (PD-L1) expression (Dako immunohistochemistry assay; PD-L1 positivity: >5% tumor membrane staining at any intensity) and association of clinical activity with BL PD-L1 expression. Results: Mean increase from BL to C4D1 was 191% for CXCL9 and 90% for CXCL10. T cell infiltrates increased by a median of 70% (CD3+; range 53–220%) and 88% (CD8+; 61–257%) from BL to C2D8. Of 56 evaluable fresh pretreatment biopsies, 18 (32%) were PD-L1+. ORR was 22% (4/18) for PD-L1+ pts vs 8% (3/38) for PD-L1–. In 5/27 (19%) matched biopsy pairs PD-L1 expression increased >5% by C2D8. For evaluable pts ORR was 16% (14/90); 16% in previously treated pts, 13% in untreated pts. Median duration of response was 15 months; 6 (43%) responses are ongoing. 14/91 (15%) pts had grade 3–4 related AEs, most commonly colitis and elevated AST (n=2 each), diarrhea and pneumonitis (n=1 each), all grade 3. Conclusions: In this prospective biomarker-based study, nivolumab showed clinical activity and manageable safety in pts with previously treated and untreated mRCC. Responses were numerically higher in PD-L1+ pts but also seen in PD-L1– pts. Changes in biomarkers were consistent with PD-1 inhibition and provided evidence of immunomodulatory effects in serum and in the tumor microenvironment. Clinical trial information: NCT01358721.
Development and application of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for detection of Plasmopara viticola (2016)

A rapid LAMP (loop-mediated isothermal amplification) detection method was developed on the basis of the ITS sequence of P. viticola, the major causal agent of grape downy mildew. Among the 38 fungal and oomycete species tested, DNA isolated exclusively from P. viticola resulted in a specific product after LAMP amplification. This assay had high sensitivity and was able to detect the presence of less than 33 fg of genomic DNA per 25-μL reaction within 30 min. The infected leaves may produce sporangia that serve as a secondary inoculum. The developed LAMP assay is efficient for estimating the latent infection of grape leaves by P. viticola. When combined with the rapid and simple DNA extraction method, this assay's total detection time is shortened to approximately one hour; therefore it is suitable for on-site detection of latent infection in the field. The sporangia levels in the air are strongly associated with disease severity. The LAMP method was also demonstrated to be able to estimate the level of sporangia released in the air in a certain period. This assay should make disease forecasting more accurate and rapid and should be helpful in decision-making regarding the control of grape downy mildew.
The microscopic determinants of bone mechanical properties (1994)

Composition and structure of the bone matrix, i.e. the bony substance surrounding osteocyte microcavities, was considered in the Light of their mechanical implications. A novel classification of bone tissues was proposed, on the basis of recent comparative studies on collagen fiber texture and osteocyte lacunae distribution, performed under polarized light, scanning and transmission electron microscopies. In particular, contrary to the classical view, lamellar bone can no longer be considered a variety of parallel-fibred bone since bony lamellae are not made up of parallely arranged collagen fibers, but of highly interlaced fibers, the lamellation being due to the alternation of acellular collagen-rich and cellular collagen-poor layers, namely of dense and loose lamellae, respectively. It is postulated that the deposition of woven- and lamellar-bone depends on the manner of recruitment of the osteocyte-differentiating osteoblasts from the osteogenic laminae and not on the spatial orientation by osteoblasts of collagen fibers. The possible role played by osteocyte as mechanical sensor in selecting the type of bone tissue laid down on bone surfaces is discussed.
<i>VESTA</i>: a three-dimensional visualization system for electronic and structural analysis (2008)

A cross-platform program, VESTA , has been developed to visualize both structural and volumetric data in multiple windows with tabs. VESTA represents crystal structures by ball-and-stick, space-filling, polyhedral, wireframe, stick, dot-surface and thermal-ellipsoid models. A variety of crystal-chemical information is extractable from fractional coordinates, occupancies and oxidation states of sites. Volumetric data such as electron and nuclear densities, Patterson functions, and wavefunctions are displayed as isosurfaces, bird's-eye views and two-dimensional maps. Isosurfaces can be colored according to other physical quantities. Translucent isosurfaces and/or slices can be overlapped with a structural model. Collaboration with external programs enables the user to locate bonds and bond angles in the `graphics area', simulate powder diffraction patterns, and calculate site potentials and Madelung energies. Electron densities determined experimentally are convertible into their Laplacians and electronic energy densities.
Read-Out Modulation Scheme for the Display Driving Circuits Composed of Nonvolatile Ferroelectric Memory and Oxide–Semiconductor Thin-Film Transistors for Low-Power Consumption (2015)

New circuit architecture composed of nonvolatile memory thin-film transistors (M-TFTs) and oxide-semiconductor TFTs (Ox-TFTs) has been proposed to realize low-power consumption and compact size for dynamic driving circuit applications. In order to compensate the slow operation speed of the nonvolatile M-TFTs in the dynamic driving circuits, we proposed the read-out modulation (ROM) scheme. The device operation characteristics of the M-TFTs were confirmed under various specified conditions to effectively apply the ROM, in which a top-gate structure was fabricated to be ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) gate insulator/Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> /In-Ga-ZnO active layers. Full fabrication processes for the M-TFTs were optimized, so that they can be integrated with Ox-TFTs on the same glass substrate. The memory device characteristics, including the current ratios between ON- and OFF-programmed drain current (I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">D</sub> ) values (I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p-ON</sub> /I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p-OFF</sub> ) before and after the ROM, drain-bias dependence of the I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p-ON</sub> /I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p-OFF</sub> , and the program I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">D</sub> scalability, were confirmed for the fabricated M-TFT. These results suggest the feasibility of a low-power display driver circuit embedded with the nonvolatile M-TFTs.
배추출물과 구기자, 의이인, 택사, 황기 배합이 고지방식이로 유발된 비만 흰쥐의 체중, 지질대사 및 면역기능에 미치는 영향 ( I ) (2012)

Objective: This study was conducted to observe the anti-hyperlipidemic and anti-inflammatory effects, as well as the metabolic benefits, of pear extract and herbal drug mixture (Lycii Fructus, Coicis Semen, Alimatis Rhizoma, and Astragali Radix) on rats fed with a high fat diet. Methods : The animals used were male rats and the control group was fed a high fat diet only. The experimental groups were divided into four. ExpⅠ group was fed a high fat diet with a mixture of pear extract and 3% Lycii Fructus; Exp Ⅱ group was fed a high fat diet with a mixture of pear extract and 3% Coicis Semen; Exp Ⅲ group was ed a high fat diet with a mixture of pear extract and 3% Alimatis Rhizoma; and Exp Ⅳ group was fed a high fat diet with a mixture of pear extract and 3% Astragali Radix for 4 weeks. Results: The body weight gain increased in all groups, but attenuated gradually in the experimental groups compared to the control group. The food intakes were significantly lower in ExpⅠ and Exp Ⅲ groups than the control group. The concentrations of serum total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride (TG) were significantly higher in Exp Ⅱ than in the control group, and lower in Exp Ⅲ group than in the control group. Also the concentration of serum free fatty acid was significantly lower in the Exp Ⅲ group than in the control group. In inflammatory activities, the Exp Ⅱ group was significantly lower than the control group. Conclusion: The results indicated that Exp Ⅲ group (administered a mixture of pear extract and Alimatis Rhizoma) most efficiently reduced fat accumulation and body weight, while the Exp Ⅱ group (administered the mixture of pear extract and Coicis Semen) had the highest elevated lipid metabolism and immune activity.
Synthesis and biological activity of strigolactones (2009)

2) 5) と alectrol (3) 6) が， それぞれストライガの宿主植物であるソルガムとササゲか ら単離された．また，オロバンキの宿主であるアカクロー バーの根滲出液からは orobanchol (4) 7) が単離された．これ らの物質はストリゴラクトンと総称され，根寄生雑草オロ バンキとストライガの種子発芽刺激物質として作用するこ とが判明している．最近，先に提出された alectol の真の構 造は，orobanchyl acetate(5)であると訂正され 8) ，Striga gesnerioides に対して活性を示す唯一の化合物とされている． 2. 合成ストリゴラクトン Strigol ( 1) の単離構造決定を機に， 1970ϳ80 年代に Johnson らによって GR24(6)を含め，多様なストリゴラク日本農薬学会誌 34(4), 315-318 (2009)
Research on the Performance of OFDM Communication System Based on LDPC-BICM-ID Scheme (2010)

Low density parity check code (LDPC) has constructed a flexible, low decoding complexity and performance close to Shannon limit benefits. This paper introduces the LDPC codes and bit-interleaved coded modulation with iterative decoding (BICM-ID) scheme, given its log-likelihood ratio belief propagation (LLR-BP) decoding algorithm. Achieved with LDPC codes as component codes in BICM-ID scheme is applied to Multi-Level Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (MQAM) in the OFDM communication system, then the performance of OFDM communication system is explored on LF, MF and HF channels based on LDPC-BICM-ID scheme and rate compatible punctured convolutional (RCPC)/Multi-level code(MLC) scheme. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme is better than RCPC / MLC scheme.
Carbon monoxide -- a "new" gaseous modulator of gene expression. (2003)

Carbon monoxide (CO) is an odorless, tasteless and colorless gas which is generated by heme oxygenase enzymes (HOs). HOs degrade heme releasing equimolar amounts of CO, iron and biliverdin, which is subsequently reduced to bilirubin. CO shares many properties with nitric oxide (NO), an established cellular messenger. Both CO and NO are involved in neural transmission and modulation of blood vessel function, including their relaxation and inhibition of platelet aggregation. CO, like NO, binds to heme proteins, although CO binds only ferrous (FeII) heme, whereas NO binds both ferrous and ferric (FeIII). CO enhances the activity of guanylate cyclase although it is less potent than NO. In contrast, CO inhibits other heme proteins, such as catalase or cytochrome p450. The effects of CO on gene expression can be thus varied, depending on the cellular microenvironment and the metabolic pathway being influenced. In this review the regulation of gene expression by HO/CO in the cardiovascular system is discussed. Recent data, derived also from our studies, indicate that HO/CO are significant modulators of inflammatory reactions, influencing the underlying processes such as cell proliferation and production of cytokines and growth factors.
Head and Neck Oncology (1986)

This book is one of a series published under the general series title<i>Cancer Treatment and Research</i>. As such, one should not confuse this book with a general text on head and neck oncology, rather it is a series of chapters emphasizing recent advances in the general field, including surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Advances in therapy are well described, with an emphasis on the molecular bases where appropriate. There are 19 chapters by 41 authors, with five devoted to surgical topics, six to radiation topics, and eight to topics in chemotherapy and immunotherapy. From a surgeon's viewpoint, the book was most valuable in expanding and updating my information base in the nonsurgical areas of head and neck oncology. This should hold equally true for medical oncologists and radiation oncologists looking to upgrade their knowledge level in surgery and radiation. This book is not for the beginner but rather
The Cyclic Alternating Pattern Decreases as a Consequence of Total Sleep Deprivation and Correlates with EEG Arousals (2002)

The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity of the cyclic alternating pattern (CAP) parameters to the increased need for recuperation that follows one night of sleep deprivation. Nine normal male subjects were recorded for 3 nights [adaptation, baseline (BSL) and recovery (REC)]. BSL and REC nights were separated by a 40-hour sleep deprivation. Recovery after sleep deprivation was characterized by a decrease in stage 1, stage 2 and sleep latency, and an increase in slow wave sleep (SWS) and the sleep efficiency index, while rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM (NREM) time did not differ as compared to BSL sleep. CAP parameters were significantly affected by sleep deprivation, and the main results were the following: (1) the CAP rate (time spent in CAP phases/NREM time) significantly decreased from 38.85 to 31.47%, and (2) within phase A subtypes, there was a significant decrease in A3 subtypes (from 38.11 to 19.57). Furthermore, the number of arousals scored according to American Sleep Disorders Association rules strongly correlated with A3 subtypes during both the BSL (r = 0.79) and REC nights (r = 0.95). These results indicate that recuperative processes after sleep deprivation are also associated with a lesser arousal instability as defined by the reduction of the CAP rate, which is strongly correlated with EEG arousals.
Simulation Optimization of Discrete Logistics Processes: A Case Study on Logistics of an E-Commerce Enterprise in Shanghai (2019)

With the rapid development of online shopping in recent years, logistics distribution has received much attention from enterprises and online consumers. Logistics distribution involves many factors and complex processes; conventional qualitative methods are unable to provide an effective analysis. Thus, this paper sets a framework to solve the above problem. A case study of an E-commerce enterprise in Shanghai on logistics distribution is proposed to discretize the whole process and minimize the total costs. Then the AnyLogic software is used to simulate and optimize the system from three aspects, including routes selection, warehouses quantity, and warehouses layout. Finally, this paper analyzes the simulation results, which would provide some valuable references for practical logistics.
<title>Subsurface fluid flow properties from time-lapse elastic wave reflection data</title> (1998)

Time-lapse (4D) seismic is a procedure where a reservoir is imaged with reflected seismic energy at several time steps while being depleted. This technology is successful when changes in dynamic reservoir properties, such as pressure, saturation of fluids and temperature produce an observable change in the seismic impedance contrast of the medium in 3D space. A careful analysis combining rock physics measurements, reservoir simulation and forward seismic modeling is required to identify if changes in reservoir properties can produce seismically observable impedance changes, and if so, how they are related to dynamic fluid flow in the reservoir. In current industry practice, angle- averaged (or stacked) P-to-P wave reflection seismic images, approximating P-wave impedance changes, are used in time- lapse seismic analysis. Introduction of angle dependency in P-to-P wave reflection data allows us to estimate both P- wave and S-wave impedance changes over the reservoir. Utilizing multi-parameter images from angle-dependent elastic time-lapse seismic surveys, or 4D AVO (amplitude variation with offset) attributes, we demonstrate the potential to invert for multiple reservoir properties such as changes in saturation of fluids and pressure. Estimates of saturation and pressure changes allow integration of time-lapse seismic with reservoir engineering models to improve reservoir fluid-flow prediction and enhance reservoir management decisions.
Optimizing textural properties of soft solid foods (2014)

Egg is an important ingredient in the food industry, providing unique texture and preferable flavor in various products. However, there are several reasons why ingredients designed to replace eggs in food formulations may be desired. The major challenge to replacing egg products in foods is to maintain the desirable texture. This chapter first summarizes the texture functionalities of egg ingredients-egg white, egg yolk, and whole egg. Then, it considers the application of egg and egg substitutes in various food systems, and finally discusses the current development of commercial egg substitutes. Egg ingredients play important roles in blending different components, creating desired texture and maintaining stability. Selection of egg substitutes depends on the food product characteristics and the egg functionalities.
Vergence eye movement with prediction and learning based on dual visual-local feedback (2017)

Research results in neurophysiology show the predictive nature of vergence eye movement, vergence eye movement can persistently track a moving target which shifts in distance relative to the head. Few models have attempted to consider prediction of target motion in vergence models. Most models only considered static targets, their input are frozen driving signals. In this paper, a model with estimator and predictor to predict and learn current target vergence is proposed. The internal model is designed to record the learned target dynamics and the selector recognizes the final prediction of the target vergence between predictor and the internal model. Then the final prediction of the target vergence is put to a dual visual-local feedback model of vergence eye movement system proposed by Erkelens. Simulation results are included to suggest the effectiveness of proposed model, especially to the continuous moving targets.
Prediction for Irregular Ocean Wave and Floating Body Motion by Regularization: Part 1. Irregular Wave Prediction (2016)

Ocean waves can be explained in terms of many factors, including wave spectrum, which has the characteristics of wave height and periodicity, directional spreading function, which has a directional property, and random phase, which randomly represents a certain property. Under the assumption of a linear system, ocean waves show irregular behaviours, which can be observed in the forms of wave spectrum, directional spreading function, and complex phase calculations using the method of linear superposition. Ocean waves, which include a variety of periodic elements, exhibit direct proportionality between their period and propagation velocity. The purpose of this study was to understand the phase components of the period and to make exact calculations on the deterministic phase in order to make predictions on ocean waves. However, measurements of actual ocean waves exist only in the form of information on wave elevation, so we faced an inverse problem of having to analyse this information and calculate the deterministic phase. Regularization was used as part of the solution, and various methods were used to obtain stable values.