gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Redundant and synchronized EtherCAT network (2010)

Communication redundancy and time synchronization are two important requirements commonly found in industrial systems. However, achieving high redundancy performance in combination with highly accurate time synchronization at all times is a challenging task. EtherCAT is a high performance, functionality rich communication technology offering both advanced redundancy features and accurate time synchronization. This paper will describe a robust solution where an EtherCAT system offers high redundancy performance in combination with accurate time synchronization. The solutions is based on using Ether-CAT slaves integrated into the EtherCAT master nodes. In the redundant case there is a need for two of these integrated slaves and they need to be configured appropriately to offer a robust solution.
Initiation of aggregation in colloidal particle monolayers (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleInitiation of aggregation in colloidal particle monolayersD. J. Robinson and J. C. EarnshawCite this: Langmuir 1993, 9, 5, 1436–1438Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00029a045https://doi.org/10.1021/la00029a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views419Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Regeneration of an Iridium(III) Complex Active for Alkane Dehydrogenation Using Molecular Oxygen (2014)

(dmPhebox)Ir(OAc)2(OH2) (1a) has previously been found to promote stoichiometric alkane dehydrogenation, affording alkene, acetic acid, and the corresponding Ir hydride complex (dmPhebox)Ir(OAc)(H) (2a) in high yield. In this study, we describe the use of oxygen to quantitatively regenerate 1a from 2a and HOAc. Distinct reaction intermediates are observed during the conversion of 2a to 1a, depending upon the presence or absence of 1 equiv of acetic acid, highlighting potential mechanistic implications regarding alkane dehydrogenation catalysis and the use of oxygen as an oxidant in such systems.
Three-dimensional laser microfabrication (2006)

The mechanism of three-dimensional (3D) laser micro-structuring of dielectrics (resists, polymers, glasses, and crystals) by the direct laser writing is discussed. Overview of a light-matter interaction of a tightly-focused femtosecond pulse with dielectrics is presented. The void formation is demonstrated inside silica glass by a single picosecond pulse. Peculiarities of tight focusing and an axial superposition of two co-propagating pulses at the focus are revealed by numerical simulations. Potential of the fabricated 3D patterns in micro-photonics, micro-fluidics, and sensor applications is discussed.
A tuneable ultra-compact high-power, ultra-short pulsed, bright gamma-ray source based on bremsstrahlung radiation from laser-plasma accelerated electrons (2012)

The laser driven plasma wakefield accelerator is a very compact source of high energy electrons. When the quasi-monoenergetic beam from these accelerators passes through dense material, high energy bremsstrahlung photons are emitted in a collimated beam with high flux. We show how a source based on this emission process can produce more than 109 photons per pulse with a mean energy of 10 MeV. We present experimental results that show the feasibility of this method of producing high energy photons and compare the experimental results with GEANT4 Montecarlo simulations, which also give the scaling required to evaluate its suitability as method to produce radioisotopes via photo-nuclear reactions or for imaging applications.
Recent advances in multicommodity flow algorithms for global routing (2003)

Interconnect planning and synthesis in general, and global routing in particular, are becoming critical to meeting chip performance targets in deep-submicron technologies. In addition to handling traditional objectives such as congestion, wirelength and timing. a new and very important requirement for current global routers is the integration with other interconnect optimizations, most importantly with buffer insertion and sizing. In this paper, we review and enhance a powerful integrated approach introduced in for congestion and timing-driven global routing, buffer insertion, pin assignment, and buffer/wire sizing. We extend the method to capture polarity constraints induced by inverter insertion, and present simpler and more efficient gadget constructions for buffer/wire sizing and enforcing delay constraints. Furthermore, we present experimental results detailing the scalability and limitations of proposed methods.
Kinetics of ternary complex formation between dihydrofolate reductase, coenzyme, and inhibitors (1980)

The kinetics of ligand binding to dihydrofolate reductase from Lactobacillus casei (MTX/R) to form the ternary enzyme-inhibitor-coenzyme complex have been investigated by the stopped-flow fluorescence technique. The fluorescence changes observed when coenzymes or inhibitors bind to the binary complex of the enzyme with the complementary ligand occur in a single fast phase. Under pseudo-first-order conditions the reaction traces could be fitted with precision to a single-exponential decay, and apparent bimolecular rate constants in the range 2 x 10(6) to 3 x 10(7) M-1s-1 have been measured assuming a bimolecular-unimolecular model. The kinetic constants obtained suggest that prior binding of an inhibitor to the enzyme may, to a minor extent, interfere with coenzyme binding but the rates of inhibitor binding seem to be unaffected by the presence of a bound coenzyme. Dissociation rate constants appear to be less than 1 s-1 which suggests that both coenzymes and inhibitors are tightly bound in the ternary complex. An investigation of the effects of pH on the kinetics of ternary complex formation indicated the involvement of ionizable groups in ligand binding, but this shows some ligand dependence. The rates of ligand bindings to form the ternary complex are fairly high, but it is unlikely that these associations are diffusion controlled because their measured activation energies of 7.8-14.5 kcal mol-1 are higher than expected from reactions whose rates are limited by diffusion in aqeous solution.
Mobilization of Bone Marrow Cells by G-CSF Rescues Mice from Cisplatin-Induced Renal Failure, and M-CSF Enhances the Effects of G-CSF (2005)

Cisplatin, which is a broadly used anticancer drug, is widely known to induce acute renal failure as a result of renal tubular injury. This article examines whether G-CSF and/or M-CSF rescues mice from renal failure induced by cisplatin. BALB/c mice received intraperitoneal injections with or without G-CSF and/or M-CSF for 5 d (from day -5 to day -1). The day after the last injection of G-CSF and/or M-CSF (day 0), the mice received an intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin. When pretreated with G-CSF or G-CSF + M-CSF, the mice showed longer survival and lower serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels than mice that had been received injections of M-CSF or saline. Histologically, pretreatment with G-CSF or G-CSF + M-CSF attenuated the damage to renal tubules induced by cisplatin. BALB/c mice that had received a transplant of bone marrow cells of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-transgenic mice ([EGFP-->BALB/c] mice) were treated with or without G-CSF and/or M-CSF, followed by injection of cisplatin as well as above. [EGFP-->BALB/c] mice that were treated with G-CSF or G-CSF + M-CSF showed a significantly higher number of EGFP(+) tubular epithelial cells in the kidney than mice that were treated with only M-CSF or saline. These results suggest that bone marrow cells mobilized by G-CSF accelerate the improvement in renal functions and prevent the renal tubular injury induced by cisplatin and that M-CSF enhances the effects of G-CSF.
The effect of alpha-tocopherol on premenstrual symptomatology: a double-blind study. (1983)

In a double-blind, randomized dose-response study, 75 women with benign breast disease were administered a written questionnaire in which they scored the severity of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms before and after two months of treatment with placebo or alpha-tocopherol (150, 300, or 600 IU/day). Controlling for age and pretreatment scores, alpha-tocopherol had a significantly greater effect than placebo, improving three of the four classes of PMS symptoms. These findings suggest that vitamin E supplementation may be of value in women with severe PMS symptoms.
Multicenter evaluation of arbitrarily primed PCR for typing of Staphylococcus aureus strains (1995)

Fifty-nine isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and a single strain of Staphylococcus intermedius were typed by arbitrarily primed PCR (AP-PCR). To study reproducibility and discriminatory abilities, AP-PCR was carried out in seven laboratories with a standardized amplification protocol, template DNA isolated in a single institution, and a common set of three primers with different resolving powers. The 60 strains could be divided into 16 to 30 different genetic types, depending on the laboratory. This difference in resolution was due to differences in technical procedures (as shown by the deliberate introduction of experimental variables) and/or the interpretation of the DNA fingerprints. However, this did not hamper the epidemiologically correct clustering of related strains. The average number of different genotypes identified exceeded those of the more traditional typing strategies (F. C. Tenover, R. Arbeit, G. Archer, J. Biddle, S. Byrne, R. Goering, G. Hancock, G. A. Hebert, B. Hill, R. Hollis, W. R. Jarvis, B. Kreiswirth, W. Eisner, J. Maslow, L. K. McDougal, J. M. Miller, M. Mulligan, and M. A. Pfaller, J. Clin. Microbiol. 32:407-415, 1994). Comparison of AP-PCR with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) indicated the existence of strains with constant PFGE types but variable AP-PCR types. The reverse (constant AP-PCR and variable PFGE patterns) was also observed. This indicates additional resolution for combined analyses. It is concluded that AP-PCR is well suited for genetic analysis and monitoring of nosocomial spreading of staphylococci. The interlaboratory reproducibility of DNA-banding patterns and the intralaboratory standardization need improvement.
Growth of Carbon Nanotubes on Clay: Unique Nanostructured Filler for High‐Performance Polymer Nanocomposites (2005)

High-performance composites are produced using nanostructured clay–carbon nanotube (CNT) hybrids as a reinforcing filler. The intercalation of iron particles between the clay platelets serves as the catalyst for the growth of CNTs, while the platelets are exfoliated by the CNTs, forming the unique 3D nanostructured hybrid filler: a 2D clay platelet with several attached 1D CNTs (see Figure). The clay–CNTs hybrid can be directly incorporated into nylon-6 by simple melt compounding.
Rheological properties of syndiotacticity‐rich ultrahigh molecular weight poly(vinyl alcohol) dilute solution (2001)

Abstract Viscoelastic behavior of the dilute solution of ultrahigh molecular weight syndiotactic poly(vinyl alcohol) (UHMW s‐PVA)/dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/water was investigated through rheological response. Below a critical temperature, the dynamic storage modulus ( G ′) of the solution became greater than the dynamic loss modulus ( G ″) and the viscoelastic exponent for G ′ became smaller than that for G ″ before macroscopic gelation, which indicates the evolution of viscoelastic solid properties at the sol state. Also, the loss tangent (tan δ) of the solution below the critical temperature increased with increasing frequency. Consequently, the dilute solution of UHMW s‐PVA/DMSO/water showed the rheological behaviors as can be observed in general chemical or physical gel systems below the critical temperature. These results suggest that solid‐like heterogeneity prevailed in the solution before macroscopic gelation with decreasing temperature. Such heterogeneity was considered as phase‐separated domains attributed to spinodal decomposition. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 569–576, 2001
Glutathione S‐transferase gene polymorphisms and risk and survival of pancreatic cancer (2007)

The GSTP1*C variant conferred a possible protective effect against pancreatic cancer in older individuals and a significant survival advantage in patients who received 5-florouracil. The current findings must be confirmed before further inferences can be made.
Determination of the sticking coefficient and scattering dynamics of water on ice using molecular beam techniques (2011)

The sticking coefficient for D(2)O impinging on crystalline D(2)O ice was determined for incident translational energies between 0.3 and 0.7 eV and for H(2)O on crystalline H(2)O ice at 0.3 eV. These experiments were done using directed molecular beams, allowing for precise control of the incident angle and energy. Experiments were also performed to measure the intensity and energy of the scattered molecules as a function of scattering angle. These results show that the sticking coefficient was near unity, slightly increasing with decreasing incident energy. However, even at the lowest incident energy, some D(2)O did not stick and was scattered from the ice surface. We observe under these conditions that the sticking probability asymptotically approaches but does not reach unity for water sticking on water ice. We also present evidence that the scattered fraction is consistent with a binary collision; the molecules are scattered promptly. These results are especially relevant for condensation processes occurring under nonequilibrium conditions, such as those found in astrophysical systems.
Diffraction studies of the crystalline and magnetic structures of γ-Fe2O3 iron oxide nanostructured in porous glass (2006)

The crystalline and magnetic structures of γ-Fe2O3 maghemite synthesized in porous glass in the form of nanoparticles with a mean diameter of 106(2) Å have been determined by the neutrons and synchrotron radiation diffraction methods. Nanostructured maghemite with the spinel structure has vacancies in the octahedral and tetrahedral positions. The magnetic structure corresponds to the usual ferrimagnetic type. The measured magnetic moments are much lower than the moments in a usual sample. Moreover, the moments are strongly different in the octahedral and tetrahedral positions; this difference is explained by the difference in the exchange interaction for moments in different positins.
An Anisotropy Study: Integrated Interpretation of Shear Wave and Resistivity Anisotropy in an Offshore Field in India (2010)

Abstract Efficient development and production of hydrocarbon reservoirs depends on the accuracy of the geological and petrophysical models. Historically, these were all basic isotropic models where formation properties do not change with direction. With the recent advancement of measurement technology and processing technqiques, the models started incorporating and integrating variations of petrophysical properties with orientation: anisotropy. Anisotropic petrophysical properties include permeability, acoustic slowness, resistivity, etc. Complex models incorporating variations of petrophysical properties with orientation (anisotropy) are useful for well design and well placement for optimum reservoir drainage, borehole instability and sand production prediction, hydraulic fracturing, surface seismic migration or amplitude-versus-offset studies. Cairn Energy India Pty. Ltd. recorded acoustic and resistivity anisotropy measurements in several of their offshore wells. Acoustic data was processed for azimuthal anisotropy estimation and resistivity data was processed for formation dip, azimuth, horizontal and vertical resistivity. Whilst resistivity information has been used for accurate hydrocarbon saturation computation, the continuous dip and azimuth results provided a geological framework that was used for interpretation of acoustic azimuthal anisotropy results. Integrating both datasets resolved potentially ambiguous interpretation of the azimuthal acoustic anisotropy source. We were able to determine the anisotropy cause (unbalanced stresses in the formation, dipping fracture/faults, highly dipping beds, and shale transverse isotropy with a vertical axis of symmetry [TIV] anisotropy). This presentation shows how an integration of acoustic anisotropy results with resistivity anisotropy results can provide essential information for interpreting and resolving ambiguous causes of acoustic azimuthal anisotropy. This information could be used for avoiding mistakes in well placement and design, reducing sand production and avoiding borehole instability, for well completion planning and several other applications during the life of the field.
The Effect of Electrocautery on Neurotransmitter Receptor Binding Assays in the Canine Prostate (1988)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether resection of the prostate with electrocautery alters the binding properties of various neurotransmitter ligands. Prostate glands were removed from four adult male dogs. The prostates were divided in the midsaggital plane and one half of the prostate was resected using a resectoscope. Saturation experiments were performed on the resected and control prostatic tissue using 3H-NMS, 125I-Heat, and 3H-rauwolscine. The mean equilibrium dissociation constants (Kd) and the mean densities of 3H-NMS, 125I-Heat, and 3H-Rauwolscine binding sites were similar in tissue homogenates obtained from control and resected portions of the prostate (p greater than 0.05). Resection of the prostate using electrocautery did not alter the binding properties of various neurotransmitter ligands for characterizing and quantifying muscarinic cholinergic, alpha 1 adrenergic, and alpha 2 adrenergic binding sites in the canine prostate. Approximately 90% of prostatectomies for symptomatic BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia) are performed transurethrally. The ability to accurately measure neurotransmitter receptor densities in prostate tissues obtained following transurethral resection is imperative for our future studies designed to elucidate the role of alpha adrenergic receptors in the development of bladder outlet obstruction in men with BPH.
<title>Registration of SAR and FLIR images for fusion ATR applications</title> (2001)

We present an algorithm for SAR and FLIR image registration with the goal of facilitating the matching or association of potential targets detected from both images. Our algorithm is a feature point based approach, therefore the preprocessing is relatively simple. We use available sensor truth information to establish an initial registration, which we argue is a good approximation to the actual one up to a linear translation caused by errors in two parameters in the sensor truth. A generalized Hough transform, or GHT, in 2-D is then used to find the residual translational registration error by finding a maximal set of matching feature points from the SAR and FLIR. The registration transformation is then updated using the set of matching feature points found by GHT. Due to the robustness of GHT to noise in the form of uncorrelated clutter feature points, our algorithm can tolerate a significant level of false alarms in the feature detection process, thereby allowing for simple detection processes to be used and still achieve very high overall target detection rate after the registration process.
Biladienones from the Photooxidation of a <i>m</i><i>eso</i>-<i>g</i><i>em</i>-Disubstituted Phlorin:  Crystal and Molecular Structures of the 3N + O Coordinated Nickel(II) and Copper(II) Complexes (2001)

The photooxidation of a meso-gem-disubstituted phlorin gave two isomeric biladienones in an equilibrium involving a Z-E double bond photoisomerism. The structures of these bile pigments were elucidated using NMR techniques and show terminal benzoyl and pyrrolone moieties. Complexation with divalent cations (nickel(II), copper (II)) gave stable compounds whose crystal and molecular structure could be determined by X-ray diffraction. The metal is coordinated with three pyrrole nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom of a terminal benzoyl group. In the crystal, the molecules are arranged in pairs through hydrogen bonds between the free terminal pyrrolones.
Hand parsing for fine-grained recognition of human grasps in monocular images (2015)

We propose a novel method for performing fine-grained recognition of human hand grasp types using a single monocular image to allow computational systems to better understand human hand use. In particular, we focus on recognizing challenging grasp categories which differ only by subtle variations in finger configurations. While much of the prior work on understanding human hand grasps has been based on manual detection of grasps in video, this is the first work to automate the analysis process for fine-grained grasp classification. Instead of attempting to utilize a parametric model of the hand, we propose a hand parsing framework which leverages a data-driven learning to generate a pixel-wise segmentation of a hand into finger and palm regions. The proposed approach makes use of appearance-based cues such as finger texture and hand shape to accurately determine hand parts. We then build on the hand parsing result to compute high-level grasp features to learn a supervised fine-grained grasp classifier. To validate our approach, we introduce a grasp dataset recorded with a wearable camera, where the hand and its parts have been manually segmented with pixel-wise accuracy. Our results show that our proposed automatic hand parsing technique can improve grasp classification accuracy by over 30 percentage points over a state-of-the-art grasp recognition technique.
Liquid and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Assisted Blending of Poly(vinyl acetate) and Citric Acid (2005)

The use of liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide was explored for the blending of poly(vinyl acetate) and citric acid as a basis for developing a new process for making chewing gum which would allow for flavorings to be released slower during chewing. Mixtures of 75% of polymer and 25% citric acid by mass were blended with carbon dioxide from 5 to 60 min over a temperature range of 25 to 55 °C and a pressure range of 83 to 241 bar in a batch process. Samples were then artificially chewed and citric acid dissolution monitored. Comparisons were made with samples prepared without carbon dioxide. In all cases, carbon dioxide blending produced polymers which retained the critic acid longer and hence produced more desirable products. With carbon dioxide, temperature had the largest effect on citric acid retention while pressure (or density) had only a modest effect. To make the flavoring be retained the longest in the polymer, the highest temperature and pressure (density) should be used with the longest blending time in carbon dioxide.