gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TGFβ Restores Hematopoietic Homeostasis After Chemotherapy. (2012)

Abstract Abstract 2344 Background: Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are required for lifelong blood cell production and, to prevent exhaustion, the majority of HSCs are deeply quiescent during steady-state hematopoiesis. Paracrine factors produced by specialized bone marrow niche cells maintain HSC quiescence. Yet, evolution demands a rapid hematopoietic response to stressors such as infection, bleeding or toxin exposure. These triggers set off a remarkable adaptation in hematopoiesis that sacrifices HSPC quiescence, and the protection it affords, to meet an urgent need for new blood cell production. A great deal is known about how the HSPCs are mobilized during these periods of stress but mechanisms driving the return to steady-state hematopoiesis after stress have not been identified. Method/Results: Because TGFβ is one of few negative regulators of hematopoiesis, we measured the levels of active TGFβ and assessed the effects of its downstream signaling during hematopoietic recovery after chemotherapy. During late hematopoietic regeneration, as hematopoietic homeostasis is restored, the levels of active TGFβ spike in whole bone marrow and downstream signaling (as reported by Smad2 phosphorylation) increases in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). To assess how TGFβ signaling alters hematopoietic regeneration, we administered myelosuppressive chemotherapy to mice and then, during recovery, treated cohorts with either an antibody that specifically neutralizes active TGFβ (1D11), an isotype control antibody (13C4) or nothing at all. We found that TGFβ blockade accelerated blood count and bone marrow regeneration, and promoted HSCP self-renewal/proliferation by delaying the return of HSPCs to quiescence (G0). In contrast, TGFβ blockade during homeostasis elevates neither blood counts nor bone marrow cellularity and fails to induce HSPCs to emerge from quiescence. Conclusions: The de facto paradigm is that homeostasis is passively reestablished as stress mediators normalize. Our data strongly suggest that this paradigm is incorrect. Rather than being a passive process, it appears that steady-state hematopoiesis is actively reimposed. TGFβ pathway activation marks regenerating HSPCs returning to quiescence and this context-depending signaling helps reestablish homeostasis during recovery from chemotherapy. Together, our data demonstrate that myelosuppression does not drive hematopoiesis using only a cytokine-fueled gas pedal but also taps an active braking mechanism once sufficient recovery has been attained. More directly, our data strongly suggests that TGFb pathway inhibitors could be used to promote multi-lineage hematopoietic reconstitution. This finding significantly extends prior work in the field by opening the door to new, potentially superior, ways to modulate the hematopoietic adaptation to stress. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Detection and Classification of Individual Airborne Microparticles using Laser Ablation Mass Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis (1999)

We are developing a method for the real-time analysis of airborne microparticles based on laser ablation mass spectroscopy. Airborne particles enter an ion trap mass spectrometer through a differentially-pumped inlet, are detected by light scattered from two CW laser beams, and sampled by a 10 ns excimer laser pulse at 308 nm as they pass through the center of the ion trap electrodes. After the laser pulse, the stored ions are separated by conventional ion trap methods. In this work thousands of positive and negative ion spectra were collected for eighteen different species: six bacteria, six pollen, and six particulate samples. The data were then averaged and analyzed using the Multivariate Patch Algorithm (MPA), a variant of traditional multivariate anal ysis. The MPA correctly identified all of the positive ion spectra and 17 of the 18 negative ion spectra. In addition, when the average positive and negative spectra were combined the MPA correctly identified all 18 species. Finally, the MPA is also able to identify the components of computer synthesized mixtures of the samples studied
Caspase inhibitors reduce severity of cartilage lesions in experimental osteoarthritis (2006)

These results provide direct support for a role of cell death in OA pathogenesis. Caspase inhibitors reduced the severity of cartilage lesions in experimental OA, suggesting that they may have disease-modifying activity in human OA.
Characterization of the key antigenic components and pre-clinical immune responses to a meningococcal disease vaccine based on<i>Neisseria lactamica</i>outer membrane vesicles (2008)

Serogroup B strains are now responsible for over 80% of meningococcal disease in the UK and no suitable vaccine is available that confers universal protection against all serogroup B strains. Neisseria lactamica shares many antigens with the meningococcus, except capsule and the surface protein PorA. Many of these antigens are thought to be responsible for providing cross-protective immunity to meningococcal disease. We have developed an N. lactamica vaccine using methods developed for meningococcal outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines. The major antigenic components were identified by excision of 11 major protein bands from an SDS-PAGE gel, followed by mass spectrometric identification. These bands contained at least 22 proteins identified from an unassembled N. lactamica genome, 15 of which having orthologues in published pathogenic Neisseria genomes. Western blotting revealed that most of these bands were immunogenic, and antibodies to these proteins generally cross-reacted with N. meningitidis proteins. Sera from mice and rabbits immunized with either N. lactamica or N. meningitidis OMVs produced comparable cross-reactive ELISA titres against OMVs prepared from a panel of diverse meningococcal strains. Mice immunized with either N. meningitidis or N. lactamica OMVs showed no detectable serum bactericidal activity against the panel of target strains except N. meningitidis OMV sera against the homologous strain. Similarly, rabbit antisera to N. lactamica OMVs elicited little or no bactericidal antibodies against the panel of serogroup B meningococcal strains. However, such antisera did mediate opsonophagocytosis, suggestingthat this may did mediate opsonophagocytosis, suggesting that this may be a mechanism by which this vaccine protects in a mouse model of meningococcal bacteraemia.
Surface characteristics and blood compatibility of polyurethanes grafted by perfluoroalkyl chains (1992)

Polyurethane (PU) surface was chemically modified by grafting of perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) to produce a highly hydrophobic surface to compare the blood compatability with hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) grafted PUs. The advancing contact angle of modified PU-PFDA was increased up to 115 deg, while that of untreated PU was 86 deg. The PFDA grafted PU exhibited less adhesion and shape change of platelets than untreated PU, and the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) of PU-PFDA was considerably extended. The ex vivo occlusion time of untreated PU was only 50 min, but that of PFDA grafted PU was extended to 130 min, indicating that this hydrophobic surface is significantly blood compatible. It is interesting to find that the enhanced blood compatibility of very hydrophobic PU-PFDA was equivalent to hydrophilic PU-PEO.
Flip chip interconnection using anisotropic conductive adhesives for RF and high frequency applications (2004)

Anisotropic conductive adhesives have been considered and evaluated as promising interconnect materials for flip chip assembly in the applications for low cost, high-density and high speed interconnection packages. In this paper, we have evaluated and compared several flip chip interconnects using anisotropic conductive adhesives at RF and high frequency range. The performances of highspeed circuits are limited by package interconnect discontinuity doe to large inductance and resistance in the high frequency range. This discontinuity is determined by the interconnection geomehy and materials used. For bumps on the IC, Au stud, Au electroplated and electroless Ni/Au were used, and for the interconnection adhesives, two kinds of ACFs with different dielectric constant were used. The high kequency measnrements were performed on the test flip chip vehicles using different bonding materials to evaluate high frequency model parameters based upon ACF flip chip model and network analysis. We applied these ACFs flip chip technologies to the assemblies of passive device using RF IPD (Integrated Passive Device) and active device using RF active MMIC device on RF module to demonstrate real applications of ACF interconnection at RF and high frequency range, and compared the results with those of flip chip assembles using conventional methods such as solder ball interconnection. The reliability of ACF flip chip interconnects was also investigated by various environmental tests, such as thermal cycling test (-55 OC/+125 C, 1000 cycle), high temperature humidity test (85 'C/85%RH, 1000 hours) and high temperature storage test (150 OC, dry condition) to evaluate the effect of environmental attacks on the electrical stability of ACF flip chip assemblies.
Topically Applied Aminocaproic Acid Concentrates in the Aqueous Humor of the Rabbit in Therapeutic Levels (1987)

Systemically administered aminocaproic acid, used to reduce the incidence of secondary hemorrhage in traumatic hyphema, has been shown to accumulate in the aqueous humor of rabbits in a dose-dependent manner. Eight topical preparations of aminocaproic acid were studied to determine aqueous humor concentrations. The vehicles studied included the following: sodium chloride, 0.85 g/dL; polyvinyl alcohol, 1.4 g/dL; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 0.4 g/dL; benzalkonium chloride, 0.01 g/dL; ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium, 0.01 g/dL; dimethyl sulfoxide, 11 and 39.6 g/dL; and carboxypolymethylene, 4 g/dL. All contained 735 g/L of aminocaproic acid except for dimethyl sulfoxide (39.6 g/dL) and carboxypolymethylene (4 g/dL), which contained 238 and 600 g/L of aminocaproic acid, respectively. Aqueous humor and plasma samples were assayed for aminocaproic acid content following topical administration. Aqueous humor concentrations of aminocaproic acid ranged from undetectable (less than 0.01 mg/dL) to 5.75 mg/dL. Plasma concentrations ranged from undetectable (less than 0.01 mg/dL) to 9.85 mg/dL. Polyvinyl alcohol (1.4 g/dL) and carboxy polymethylene (4 g/dL) provided the highest aqueous humor aminocaproic acid concentrations. The aqueous humor levels with topical aminocaproic acid administration were comparable with those achieved by systemic administration. Plasma drug levels with topical aminocaproic acid were between 5% and 33% of levels achieved by systemic aminocaproic acid. This study demonstrates that aminocaproic acid can be effectively delivered into the anterior chamber of rabbits by topical application.
Optimal, systematic q-ary codes correcting all asymmetric errors of limited magnitude (2009)

Systematic q-ary (q > 2) codes capable of correcting all asymmetric errors of maximum magnitude l, where l ¿ q-2, are given. These codes are shown to be optimal. Further, simple encoding/decoding algorithms are described.
3-(Acyloxy)-3-buten-2-ones as dienophiles in anthracyclinone synthesis. An efficient route to 4-demethoxy-7-deoxydaunomycinone derivatives (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT3-(Acyloxy)-3-buten-2-ones as dienophiles in anthracyclinone synthesis. An efficient route to 4-demethoxy-7-deoxydaunomycinone derivativesRobert J. Ardecky, Domingo Dominguez, and Michael P. CavaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 3, 409–412Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00342a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00342a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views288Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Development of an electret passive environmental radon monitor (E-PERM[trademark]), Phase 2 (1993)

The development of an electret ion chamber modified for radon measurement is described and characterized. It is called an electret passive environmental radon Monitor (E-PERM)[trademark]*. The responses of two types of electret sensors and the E-PERM are reported. Their E-PERM precision was 4.8 percent. The result of blind-tests of 497 units submitted to the EPA Radon Monitoring Proficiency Program by 133 different E-PERM users are shown. The average accuracy of the E-PERMs tested was 11.4 percent. Costs per measurement are estimated and compared with other passive monitoring methods. EPERM evaluations from eight recent studies are summarized. The results demonstrate that this new type of radon monitor is well suited for measuring radon in homes.
Open half‐volume quadrature transverse electromagnetic coil for high‐field magnetic resonance imaging (2005)

A half-volume quadrature head transverse electromagnetic (TEM) coil has been constructed for 4 T imaging applications. This coil produces a sufficiently large homogeneous B(1) field region for the use as a volume coil. It provides superior transmission efficiency, resulting in significantly lower power deposition, as well as greater sensitivity and improved patient comfort and accessibility compared with conventional full-volume coils. Additionally, this coil suppresses the RF penetration artifact that distorts the RF magnetic field profile and alters the intensity in high-field images recorded with linear surface and volume coils. These advantages make it possible to apply this device as an efficient transmit/receive coil for high-field imaging with a restricted field of view.
Test generation for acyclic sequential circuits with hold registers (2000)

We present a method of test generation for acyclic sequential circuits with hold registers. A complete (100% fault efficiency) test sequence for an acyclic sequential circuit can be obtained by applying a combinational test generator to all the maximal time-expansion models (TEMs) of the circuit. We propose a class of acyclic sequential circuits for which the number of maximal TEMs is one, i.e., the maximum TEM exists. For a circuit in the class, test generation can be performed by using only the maximum TEM. The proposed class of sequential circuits with the maximum TEM properly includes several known classes of acyclic sequential circuits such as balanced structures and acyclic sequential circuits without hold registers for which test generation can also be performed by using a combinational test generator. Therefore, in general, the hardware overhead for partial scan based on the proposed structure is smaller than that based on balanced or acyclic sequential structure without hold registers.
Development of Nitrogen Oxide Closed System in the Future Reprocessing Process (2007)

An aqueous reprocessing for spent fuels generates much wastes mainly including sodium nitrate as secondary waste, which has some kinds of difficulties in disposal. A process with salt-free reagent and complete recycle of nitric acid would resolve the problem, but development for such process is not easy. We propose the treatment system of sodium nitrate waste, which are termed 'Nitrogen Oxide Closed System' (NCS) as mentioned below. The system decomposes nitrate ion, and enables reuse of sodium in sodium nitrate with no generation of sodium nitrate waste. Accordingly, the NCS system allows the use of sodium salt reagents, and generation of excess acid in a reprocessing process. (authors)
A 2.3&#x2013;4GHz injection-locked clock multiplier with 55.7% lock range and 10-ns power-on (2012)

A frequency agile multiplying injection-locked oscillator (MILO) suitable for fast power cycling was designed in 65-nm GP CMOS. Edge detectors and multiple injection sites extend the lock range of the x4 multiplier to 36.3% of its free-running frequency. Lock range is further extended to 55.7% (2.3-4 GHz) by using 2 MILOs with adjacent lock ranges. Monitoring circuits identify the correct MILO and power-off the other MILO within 10 reference clock cycles.
Optically Powered Hydraulic Pilot Valve using Piezoelectric Multilayer Actuator (2001)

A normally-closed 2/2 hydraulic pilot valve has been developed for a power- by-light system which is being applied in aerospace fuelling systems and oil-well applications. This system offers unique advantages such as good immunity from electromagnetic interference, intrinsic safety, and low attenuation for long distance.The valve employs a piezoelectric multilayer bender actuator (Pz29) with an elastomer blocking plate and a nozzle as the valve mechanism. The valve system is operated by 86 mW optical power which is transmitted via a multimode optical fibre (core diameter 62.5 μm) from a laser diode light source. The optical power is converted to electrical power by a photovoltaic cell, to drive the pilot valve, which requires, 8 mW electrical power to operate. The valve output flow- rate of 28 cm3/s has been achieved at an operating pressure of 1000 kPa, which is adequate for the applications. However, the maximum operating pressure up to 2000 kPa has already been tested. For the valve dynamic response, 18 ms average opening time and 1.5 seconds controllable smooth shut-off time have been observed. There was no valve operation failure during vibration testing up to 196 m/s2. The pilot valve is now used to operate an aircraft refuelling valve system that provides aviation fuel flow-rate up to 680 l/min. It can also be used for other hazardous environments and noisy applications.
Leading non‐Gaussian corrections for diffusion orientation distribution function (2013)

An analytical representation of the leading non-Gaussian corrections for a class of diffusion orientation distribution functions (dODFs) is presented. This formula is constructed from the diffusion and diffusional kurtosis tensors, both of which may be estimated with diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI). By incorporating model-independent non-Gaussian diffusion effects, it improves on the Gaussian approximation used in diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). This analytical representation therefore provides a natural foundation for DKI-based white matter fiber tractography, which has potential advantages over conventional DTI-based fiber tractography in generating more accurate predictions for the orientations of fiber bundles and in being able to directly resolve intra-voxel fiber crossings. The formula is illustrated with numerical simulations for a two-compartment model of fiber crossings and for human brain data. These results indicate that the inclusion of the leading non-Gaussian corrections can significantly affect fiber tractography in white matter regions, such as the centrum semiovale, where fiber crossings are common.
<i>In vivo</i> CRISPR-Cas gene editing with no detectable genome-wide off-target mutations (2018)

CRISPR-Cas genome-editing nucleases hold substantial promise for human therapeutics 1–5 but identifying unwanted off-target mutations remains an important requirement for clinical translation 6, 7 . For ex vivo therapeutic applications, previously published cell-based genome-wide methods provide potentially useful strategies to identify and quantify these off-target mutation sites 8–12 . However, a well-validated method that can reliably identify off-targets in vivo has not been described to date, leaving the question of whether and how frequently these types of mutations occur. Here we describe Verification of In Vivo Off-targets (VIVO) , a highly sensitive, unbiased, and generalizable strategy that we show can robustly identify genome-wide CRISPR-Cas nuclease off-target effects in vivo . To our knowledge, these studies provide the first demonstration that CRISPR-Cas nucleases can induce substantial off-target mutations in vivo , a result we obtained using a deliberately promiscuous guide RNA (gRNA) . More importantly, we used VIVO to show that appropriately designed gRNAs can direct efficient in vivo editing without inducing detectable off-target mutations. Our findings provide strong support for and should encourage further development of in vivo genome editing therapeutic strategies.
High-resolution actinic imaging and phase metrology of 193-nm CPL reticles (2004)

The recent introduction of chromeless-phase lithography (CPL) has provided lithographers with a powerful wavefront engineering tool for patterning at k<sub>1</sub> values below 0.3. Reliable image formation at such extreme k<sub>1</sub> requires a well-characterized CPL photomask. However, the limitations of available optical inspection tools have made the test and measurement of CPL photomasks a difficult task. In this paper, we describe preliminary imaging and phase metrology results on a leading-edge CPL reticle using an high-resolution 193-nm microscope. This microscope features a solid-state 5-kHz repetition rate, 193.4 nm actinic light source in conjunction with high-numerical-aperture (0.75 NA) optics to provide 200X magnification, 150-nm Rayleigh resolution and 35-nm pixel size over a 30-micron image field. A recently-developed phase metrology architecture facilitates optical path difference (OPD) measurements of isolated or dense features on a sub-200-nm spatial scale. We discuss the phase measurement process and present images and corresponding OPD measurements of line and contact structures on an ArF CPL reticle that is designed mainly for the 65 nm technology node. We compare these OPD measurements with predictions based on surface nano-profilometer (SNP) step-height measurements of the same feature regions.
Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Meloxicam in Subjects with Moderate-to-severe Pain Following Abdominoplasty (2018)

Meloxicam IV provided sustained pain relief and generally was well tolerated in subjects with moderate-to-severe pain following abdominoplasty.
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1–Positive Cancer Stem Cells Mediate Metastasis and Poor Clinical Outcome in Inflammatory Breast Cancer (2009)

These results suggest that the metastatic, aggressive behavior of IBC may be mediated by a CSC component that displays ALDH enzymatic activity. ALDH1 expression represents the first independent prognostic marker to predict metastasis and poor patient outcome in IBC. The results illustrate how stem cell research can translate into clinical practice in the IBC field.