gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transmission electron microscopy study of strontium barium niobate relaxors (2002)

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations have been performed on Sr/sub x/Ba/sub 1-x/Nb/sub 2/O/sub 6/ (SBN x/1-x). Bright-field imaging of <100>-orientated SBN 60/40 and 75/25 crystals revealed nanopolar domains with a strong shape anisotropy. The morphology of the nanopolar domains was needle-like. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns revealed the existence of 1/x[110] incommensurate modulations. Dark-field imaging of the incommensurate reflections found the existence of nanometer-sized ferroelastic domains. Diffuse scattering was observed in the SAED patterns along the <100>. This diffuse scattering is believed to arise due to strain gradient interactions between the A-site cation distribution and the incommensuration.
Novel Propylene Production Route: Utilizing Hydrotreated Shale Oil as Feedstock via Two-Stage Riser Catalytic Cracking (2015)

In this paper, a novel propylene production route is proposed. Hydrotreated shale oil was first used as a feedstock for fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) to increase the propylene yield because of its abundant aliphatic hydrocarbons. The catalytic cracking performance of hydrotreated shale oil was investigated in detail via two-stage riser catalytic cracking (TMP). The results of the pilot-plant-scale TMP indicated that hydrotreated shale oil blended with 30 wt % Daqing vacuum residue could not only maximize the propylene yield but also showed a more desirable product distribution than conventional FCC feedstock. The yield of liquid products (including liquefied petroleum gas, gasoline, and diesel) was as high as 84.93 wt %, and the propylene yield reached 23.62 wt %, whereas the dry gas yield was only 6.06 wt %. This study may provide a novel route to reasonably use shale oil.
Preface to the American Edition (2006)

Leo Strauss found his task in the recovery of political philosophy, and, like no other philosopher of the twentieth century, he engaged in the confrontation with the challenge of revelation. Both are intimately bound together: the grounding of political philosophy and the confrontation with faith in revelation are two sides of one and the same endeavor. What is at issue in both is the rational justification and the political defense of the philosophical life. For this issue, Strauss introduced the concept of the theologico-political problem.
Quantitative Statistical Methods for Image Quality Assessment (2013)

Quantitative measures of image quality and reliability are critical for both qualitative interpretation and quantitative analysis of medical images. While, in theory, it is possible to analyze reconstructed images by means of Monte Carlo simulations using a large number of noise realizations, the associated computational burden makes this approach impractical. Additionally, this approach is less meaningful in clinical scenarios, where multiple noise realizations are generally unavailable. The practical alternative is to compute closed-form analytical expressions for image quality measures. The objective of this paper is to review statistical analysis techniques that enable us to compute two key metrics: resolution (determined from the local impulse response) and covariance. The underlying methods include fixed-point approaches, which compute these metrics at a fixed point (the unique and stable solution) independent of the iterative algorithm employed, and iteration-based approaches, which yield results that are dependent on the algorithm, initialization, and number of iterations. We also explore extensions of some of these methods to a range of special contexts, including dynamic and motion-compensated image reconstruction. While most of the discussed techniques were developed for emission tomography, the general methods are extensible to other imaging modalities as well. In addition to enabling image characterization, these analysis techniques allow us to control and enhance imaging system performance. We review practical applications where performance improvement is achieved by applying these ideas to the contexts of both hardware (optimizing scanner design) and image reconstruction (designing regularization functions that produce uniform resolution or maximize task-specific figures of merit).
A decomposition storage model (1985)

Article Free Access Share on A decomposition storage model Authors: George P. Copeland Microelectronics And Technology Computer Corporation, 9430 Research Blvd, Austin, Texas Microelectronics And Technology Computer Corporation, 9430 Research Blvd, Austin, TexasView Profile , Setrag N. Khoshafian Microelectronics And Technology Computer Corporation, 9430 Research Blvd, Austin, Texas Microelectronics And Technology Computer Corporation, 9430 Research Blvd, Austin, TexasView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGMOD '85: Proceedings of the 1985 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of dataMay 1985Pages 268–279https://doi.org/10.1145/318898.318923Published:01 May 1985Publication History 328citation2,835DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations328Total Downloads2,835Last 12 Months344Last 6 weeks54 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Publisher SiteeReaderPDF
A transmission scheme for twisted pair lines with coding, precoding, and blind equalization (2002)

A digital transmission scheme for twisted pair lines is presented, which combines coding, precoding, and blind equalization. By channel coding, a significant gain in the maximum tolerable field length can be obtained. Intersymbol interference (ISI) is combated by Tomlinson-Harashima (1971, 1972) precoding. However, in many cases, reverse transmission of channel state information should be avoided. Therefore, a fixed precoder is used, designed for a reference application. Then, residual ISI has to be equalized at the receiver. To accomplish this in a blind manner, a modification of the precoder is necessary, leading to dynamics shaping (DS). With DS, blind adaptation can be performed by a powerful novel algorithm consisting of several stages, which is suited for reconstruction of the correlated data due to precoding.
A new-to-nature carboxylation module to improve natural and synthetic CO2 fixation (2021)

Abstract The capture of CO 2 by carboxylases is key to sustainable biocatalysis and a carbon-neutral bio-economy, yet currently limited to few naturally existing enzymes. Here, we developed glycolyl-CoA carboxylase (GCC), a new-to-nature enzyme, by combining rational design, high-throughput microfluidics and microplate screens. During this process, GCC’s catalytic efficiency improved by three orders of magnitude to match the properties of natural CO 2 -fixing enzymes. We verified our active-site redesign with an atomic-resolution, 1.96-Å cryo-electron microscopy structure and engineered two more enzymes that, together with GCC, form a carboxylation module for the conversion of glycolate (C 2 ) to glycerate (C 3 ). We demonstrate how this module can be interfaced with natural photorespiration, ethylene glycol conversion and synthetic CO 2 fixation. Based on stoichiometrical calculations, GCC is predicted to increase the carbon efficiency of all of these processes by up to 150% while reducing their theoretical energy demand, showcasing how expanding the solution space of natural metabolism provides new opportunities for biotechnology and agriculture.
Automated Posture Analysis for Detecting Learner's Interest Level (2003)

This paper presents a system for recognizing naturally occurring postures and associated affective states related to a child's interest level while performing a learning task on a computer. Postures are gathered using two matrices of pressure sensors mounted on the seat and back of a chair. Subsequently, posture features are extracted using a mixture of four gaussians, and input to a 3-layer feed-forward neural network. The neural network classifies nine postures in real time and achieves an overall accuracy of 87.6% when tested with postures coming from new subjects. A set of independent Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) is used to analyze temporal patterns among these posture sequences in order to determine three categories related to a child's level of interest, as rated by human observers. The system reaches an overall performance of 82.3% with posture sequences coming from known subjects and 76.5% with unknown subjects.
<i>aprABC</i>: a <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> complex‐specific locus that modulates pH‐driven adaptation to the macrophage phagosome (2011)

Following phagocytosis by macrophages, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) senses the intracellular environment and remodels its gene expression for growth in the phagosome. We have identified an acid and phagosome regulated (aprABC) locus that is unique to the Mtb complex and whose gene expression is induced during growth in acidic environments in vitro and in macrophages. Using the aprA promoter, we generated a strain that exhibits high levels of inducible fluorescence in response to growth in acidic medium in vitro and in macrophages. aprABC expression is dependent on the two-component regulator phoPR, linking phoPR signalling to pH sensing. Deletion of the aprABC locus causes defects in gene expression that impact aggregation, intracellular growth, and the relative levels of storage and cell wall lipids. We propose a model where phoPR senses the acidic pH of the phagosome and induces aprABC expression to fine-tune processes unique for intracellular adaptation of Mtb complex bacteria.
Optimizing Client Association for Load Balancing and Fairness in Millimeter-Wave Wireless Networks (2014)

Millimeter-wave communications in the 60-GHz band are considered one of the key technologies for enabling multigigabit wireless access. However, the special characteristics of such a band pose major obstacles to the optimal utilization of the wireless resources, where the problem of efficient client association to access points (APs) is of vital importance. In this paper, the client association in 60-GHz wireless access networks is investigated. The AP utilization and the quality of the rapidly vanishing communication links are the control parameters. Because of the tricky nonconvex and combinatorial nature of the client association optimization problem, a novel solution method is developed to guarantee balanced and fair resource allocation. A new distributed, lightweight, and easy-to-implement association algorithm, based on Lagrangian duality theory and subgradient methods, is proposed. It is shown that the algorithm is asymptotically optimal, that is, the relative duality gap diminishes to zero as the number of clients increases .
Cathodic protection of a buried pipeline by solar energy (2023)

Cathodic protection is employed intensively on the steel drains in oil and gas industry. It is a technique of prevention against the corrosion which transforms the structure into a cathode of a corrosion cell; Two types of cathodic protection systems are usually applied: The galvanic protection systems use the galvanic anodes, also called the sacrificial anodes, which are electrochemically more electronegative than the structure to be protected, the other system is by imposed current, powered by electrical generator with D.C. output towards the structure to be protected. The object of this study is to design a cathodic protection system by impressed current supplied with solar energy panels applied to a pipeline.
Oligopaints: Highly Programmable Oligonucleotide Probes for Visualizing Genomes in Situ (2015)

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a powerful assay that can visualize the position of DNA and RNA molecules in individual cells. Here, I describe the development of a method that utilizes complex oligonucleotide (oligo) libraries as a renewable source of FISH probes, which we term ‘Oligopaints’. Our novel FISH platform includes a reliable and robust protocol for the bulk production of fluorescently labeled, strand-specific, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probe sets and a bioinformatic pipeline able to identify optimal target sequences for in situ hybridization on a genome-wide scale. A key advantage of Oligopaints is that it permits the researcher to precisely define the genomic sequence contained within each probe molecule, specify the placement of fluorophores, and engineer ssDNA overhangs to which activities can be targeted. We harness this control to make two significant technological advances in FISH- based imaging. In one, Oligopaint probes are programmed to carry 5’ ssDNA overhangs that enable stochastic super-resolution microscopy via two methodologies, STORM and DNA- PAINT. We have used these probes to produce <25 nm resolution images of developmentally regulated chromatin in Drosophila and mouse, which are to our knowledge the first images at this resolution of single-copy chromosomal regions produced by FISH. In the second, we utilize single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data to generate FISH probes that can for the first time visually distinguish single-copy regions of the maternal and paternal homologous chromosomes, thus allowing the examination of parent-of-origin dependent effects on chromosome positioning and gene expression in individual cells.
Isomerization of methylbenzonitriles catalyzed by HZSM-5 (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsomerization of methylbenzonitriles catalyzed by HZSM-5Frank J. WeigertCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 14, 2653–2655Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00364a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00364a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views64Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Specific Delivery of MiRNA for High Efficient Inhibition of Prostate Cancer by RNA Nanotechnology (2016)

Both siRNA and miRNA can serve as powerful gene-silencing reagents but their specific delivery to cancer cells in vivo without collateral damage to healthy cells remains challenging. We report here the application of RNA nanotechnology for specific and efficient delivery of anti-miRNA seed-targeting sequence to block the growth of prostate cancer in mouse models. Utilizing the thermodynamically ultra-stable three-way junction of the pRNA of phi29 DNA packaging motor, RNA nanoparticles were constructed by bottom-up self-assembly containing the anti-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) RNA aptamer as a targeting ligand and anti-miR17 or anti-miR21 as therapeutic modules. The 16 nm RNase-resistant and thermodynamically stable RNA nanoparticles remained intact after systemic injection in mice and strongly bound to tumors with little or no accumulation in healthy organs 8 hours postinjection, and subsequently repressed tumor growth at low doses with high efficiency.
Distributed Humidity Sensing in PMMA Optical Fibers at 500 nm and 650 nm Wavelengths (2017)

Distributed measurement of humidity is a sought-after capability for various fields of application, especially in the civil engineering and structural health monitoring sectors. This article presents a method for distributed humidity sensing along polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) polymer optical fibers (POFs) by analyzing wavelength-dependent Rayleigh backscattering and attenuation characteristics at 500 nm and 650 nm wavelengths. Spatially resolved humidity sensing is obtained from backscatter traces of a dual-wavelength optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR). Backscatter dependence, attenuation dependence as well as the fiber length change are characterized as functions of relative humidity. Cross-sensitivity effects are discussed and quantified. The evaluation of the humidity-dependent backscatter effects at the two wavelength measurements allows for distributed and unambiguous measurement of relative humidity. The technique can be readily employed with low-cost standard polymer optical fibers and commercial OTDR devices.
Trends in Compliance With Bronchodilator Inhaler Use Between Follow-up Visits in a Clinical Trial (1996)

Analysis of the data from the NC collected over a period of 2 years indicates that compliance with the prescribed medication regimen was best immediately following each follow-up visit and gradually declined during the interval between follow-up visits. The level of compliance after each visit was lower for each successive follow-up. These trends could not be observed from self-report or weighting the medication canisters at follow-up visits. The participants who were informed of the NC's function and who were provided with detailed feedback about their inhaler use generally showed better compliance.
Very long-term memories may be stored in the pattern of holes in the perineuronal net (2013)

A hypothesis and the experiments to test it propose that very long-term memories, such as fear conditioning, are stored as the pattern of holes in the perineuronal net (PNN), a specialized ECM that envelops mature neurons and restricts synapse formation. The 3D intertwining of PNN and synapses would be imaged by serial-section EM. Lifetimes of PNN vs. intrasynaptic components would be compared with pulse-chase (15)N labeling in mice and (14)C content in human cadaver brains. Genetically encoded indicators and antineoepitope antibodies should improve spatial and temporal resolution of the in vivo activity of proteases that locally erode PNN. Further techniques suggested include genetic KOs, better pharmacological inhibitors, and a genetically encoded snapshot reporter, which will capture the pattern of activity throughout a large ensemble of neurons at a time precisely defined by the triggering illumination, drive expression of effector genes to mark those cells, and allow selective excitation, inhibition, or ablation to test their functional importance. The snapshot reporter should enable more precise inhibition or potentiation of PNN erosion to compare with behavioral consequences. Finally, biosynthesis of PNN components and proteases would be imaged.
Products: Old, New, and Emerging (2007)

The paradigm shift in understanding the etiology, prevention, and treatment of dental caries requires an understanding of the dental products that are currently available to assist the clinician in prudent recommendations for patient interventions. The purpose of this review is to present the evidence base for current products and those that have recently appeared on the market.
Nonlinear multivariate calibration using principal components regression and artificial neural networks (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNonlinear multivariate calibration using principal components regression and artificial neural networksPaul J. Gemperline, James R. Long, and Vasilis G. GregoriouCite this: Anal. Chem. 1991, 63, 20, 2313–2323Publication Date (Print):October 15, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 October 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00020a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00020a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views976Altmetric-Citations268LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Teaching database reverse engineering (2002)

We report on an experience in teaching database reverse engineering. We found a graduated sequence of case studies to be effective. Our evidence is anecdotal, but we believe the observations will be helpful for improving teaching techniques.
Solubility of Poly (benzyl triethylammonium chloride) -Styrene Copolymers in Organic Solvents (1970)

雷解基密度 Xi の小さい準高分子電解質, ポリベンジル・トリエチルアンモニウムクロリド-スチレン共重合体を合成し, その各種溶媒への溶解性, 溶液粘度を検討した。この準高分子電解質は水にもまた無極性有機溶媒にも溶解しないが多くの極性有機溶媒に溶解し, その溶液粘度には高分子電解質特有の Fuoss プロットが成立し, 溶媒の誘電率 εs との関係が認められた。また粘度には電解質添加効果も認められた。準高分子電解質の溶解性を検討するため, そのイオン対の充放電の静電自由エネルギーを考慮して混合の自由エネルギーを計算した。いわゆる X1 パラメターの代りに[ここでV1, Vu は溶媒および高分子のくり返し単位のモル体積, e素電碕, εp は純ポリマー相の誘電率, bは電解基イオンおよび対イオン半径できまる定数] とおけば, これが準高分子電解質の溶解性の尺度とみなしうることを示した。溶解させる溶媒について X' を計算した結果,ほぼ X'≦ 0の溶媒が溶解させることがわかり, 溶解における静電相互作用の重要性を示した。
TABS an envrio‐friendly solvent (1990)

To the surface coating chemist a solvent is a necessary tool in the creation of coatings which are insensitive to water to encourage good application properties, gloss, substrate adhesion etc.
The Molecular and Structural Basis of Hearing Impairment in Mice with the cpk Mutant Gene (1991)

We studied hearing impairment and cochlear ultrastructure in C57BL/6J mice containing the cpk mutant gene. Heterozygous cpk/+ mutant mice, 6-8 months old, showed a marked hearing loss as demonstrated by auditory evoked potentials with some showing hearing loss at 90 db sound pressure. Ultrastructural studies of first cochlear turn disclosed the absence of organs of Corti, no tissues on the basilar membrane, scanty spiral ganglia, normal tectorial membrane, and vacuolation of the stria vascularis. Reissner's membrane is normal at the endolymphatic side, but transparent at the perilymphatic side. In the second turn the organ of Corti are normal but Nuel's space is full of debris. The cpk mutant mice have hearing impairment perhaps due to deficiencies of genes expressing vital basement membrane components.