gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nitric oxide donors induce large‐scale deletion mutations in human lymphoblastoid cells: Implications for mutations in T‐lymphocytes from arthritis patients (2001)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease in which high levels of reactive nitrogen oxygen species (RNOS) may be present in the affected joints. RNOS are known to produce small-scale mutational events (transitions, transversions, small insertions, and small deletions) but the ability of these compounds to cause deletion of large segments of genomic DNA has not been previously determined. To address this question, a human lymphoblastoid cell line (WIL2-NS) was exposed to nitric oxide (NO)-donating drugs and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt)-negative clones were selected and analyzed by multiplex-PCR. Large-scale deletions accounted for 60-80% of hprt mutations arising in drug-treated cultures compared to 12% in untreated cultures (P-values of 0.006 and 0.0001, respectively, in two experiments). Deletion mutations in untreated cultures affected exon 9, whereas 75% of drug-induced deletion mutations affected exons 2, 3, and 9, and the remainder were very large, ranging from 26 to 1200 kbp. To compare this spectrum of NO-induced mutations in a lymphoblastoid line to that arising in vivo in arthritis patients, T-cells from RA patients, osteoarthritis (OA) patients, and controls were cloned and similarly analyzed. We previously showed that the overall frequency of Hprt mutant clones from patients is appreciably elevated compared to that of control subjects. Large-scale hprt deletions (0.5 to >26 kb) were detected in mutant T-cell clones from both RA and OA patients and also from control subjects. A total of 54 mutant clones from 16 RA patients and 19 mutant clones from 6 OA patients were studied. Of these, 6 clones (from 3 RA and 1 OA patient) had suffered large-scale deletions. A total of 9 control subjects were studied and 62 mutant clones were obtained. Of these, 19 had suffered large-scale deletions, arising in 7 of 9 control subjects. In conclusion, (1) RNOS are capable of inducing large-scale deletion mutations in a human lymphoblastoid cell line and (2) large-scale deletion mutations were found in 10-30% of T-cell clones from RA and OA patients and controls, which we hypothesize may be induced by RNOS.
Active Nonmetallic Au and Pt Species on Ceria-Based Water-Gas Shift Catalysts (2003)

Traditional analysis of reactions catalyzed by supported metals involves the structure of the metallic particles. However, we report here that for the class of nanostructured gold- or platinum-cerium oxide catalysts, which are active for the water-gas shift reaction, metal nanoparticles do not participate in the reaction. Nonmetallic gold or platinum species strongly associated with surface cerium-oxygen groups are responsible for the activity.
FallDroid: An Automated Smart-Phone-Based Fall Detection System Using Multiple Kernel Learning (2018)

Common fall occurrences in the elderly population pose dramatic challenges in public healthcare domain. Adoption of an efficient and yet highly reliable automatic fall detection system may not only mitigate the adverse effects of falls through immediate medical assistance, but also profoundly improve the functional ability and confidence level of elder people. This paper presents a pervasive fall detection system developed on smart phones, namely, FallDroid that exploits a two-step algorithm proposed to monitor and detect fall events using the embedded accelerometer signals. Comprising of the threshold-based method and multiple kernel learning support vector machine, the proposed algorithm uses novel techniques to effectively identify fall-like events (such as lying on a bed or sudden stop after running) and reduce false alarms. In addition to user convenience and low power consumption, experimental results reveal that the system detects falls with high accuracy (97.8% and 91.7%), sensitivity (99.5% and 95.8%), and specificity (95.2% and 88.0%) when placed around the waist and thigh, respectively. The system also achieves the lowest false alarm rate of 1 alarm per 59 h of usage, which is best till date.
Comparison of Cell Search Methods for Asynchronous Wideband CDMA Cellular System (1999)

Introduction Cell searchwiqEq a WCDMA systemconsi-x of the tasks carri0 out by amobi&quot; statiO (MS)i order to find, id, ti, , and synchroniE to a new cell. Wedi0 ti0qT0 betweenin-OO&quot; cell search, where after power on, themobi1 stati0 searches for the cell towhi hi t has the lowest path loss, and the conti uous cell search carri&quot; out for locati&quot; updatei the ie- mode and to find handover candi-6xq i theacti e mode. Inthi paper, we focus on the case when thetermiTx has no a-prix0 knowledge on the scramblim codei-x ti y. In a cellular system employil synchronixq base statix&quot; (BS), such as the IS-95 standard [2], the cell search consi6O of asi&quot;T1 step. All IS95 cellstransmi the same downli&quot; pii code of length 32768 chi1 butwiO diOOO&quot; tti&quot; o#sets relati e to a commontim reference. The cell search procedure consin - of the search for thi siOq piO code. Thi search i typiqP-6 carriout wi- a matched filter. Once a strongpion code has been found, the ti- o#set of that code,relati e to thep
Preparation of poly(methacrylic acid-g-ethylene oxide) microspheres (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of poly(methacrylic acid-g-ethylene oxide) microspheresRashmi K. Drummond, John Klier, Jessica A. Alameda, and Nikolaos A. PeppasCite this: Macromolecules 1989, 22, 9, 3816–3818Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00199a059https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00199a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views248Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A FRAMEWORK FOR INDIVIDUALIZING INSTRUCTION (1996)

Individualized instruction is a basic principle of special education programs, yet, few attempts have been made to define clearly the philosophical and procedural aspects of this important concept. We examine three elements of individualization — philosophy, strategies, and enhancers — and develop a framework for achieving greater individualized instruction.
Comparative beauty classification for pre-surgery planning (2005)

Recent medical studies show that there exist aesthetic ideal features for facial beauty based on facial proportions. Automated tools that can provide information about the prediction of how the surgery will improve the patients' perceived beauty or 'peer-esteem' will find applications in various areas. In our previous work, we introduced an automated procedure based on image analysis and supervised learning that confirmed the existence of general rules in peer-esteem measurement. In this paper, we further experimented our automated system by extending the analysis of classification tools and human data by comparing a number of classifiers, namely decision trees, multi-layer perceptron and kernel density estimators. Results are good since the standardized distance is generally less than one class, and prove that these classifiers can be used to reliably predict the consensus of a large and varied population of human referees, hence providing peer-esteem information for patients.
Orthogonal Time Hopping Multiple Access for UWB Impulse Radio Communications (2005)

Recently, UWB technologies have been introduced for low rate wireless personal area networks (LR-WPANs). Since the energy level of the UWB impulse radio signals is very low, it is very hard to apply them to a carrier sensing multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) scheme, which was adopted as the MAC protocol in IEEE 802.15.4 standard. In this paper, we propose an orthogonal time hopping multiple access (OTHMA) as a multiple access scheme for UWB impulse radio communications, and compare the MAC performance of the proposed scheme with that of CSMA/CA in terms of throughput, success probability, average delay, and user utilization. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme performs better than CSMA/CA as the number of users increases. Therefore, OTHMA can be applied as a multiple access scheme for low power, large scale, and low activity networks in UWB impulse radio communications
<title>Architectures and performance of laser links in microwave phased-array antenna systems</title> (1990)

This paper presents functional architectures providing transmission link, and beamforming for multiple element microwave antennas. System performance parameters including dynamic range and bandwidth are considered from the standpoint of electrooptical component performance. Measured performance of direct modulated semiconductor laser sources, link subsystems, and a three-bit fiber-optic time-delay network are presented.
A focus on the synapse for neuroprotection in Alzheimer disease and other dementias (2004)

Synaptic dysfunction and failure are processes that occur early in Alzheimer disease (AD) and are important targets for protective treatments to slow AD progression and preserve cognitive and functional abilities. Synaptic loss is the best current pathologic correlate of cognitive decline, and synaptic dysfunction is evident long before synapses and neurons are lost. Once synaptic function fails, even in the setting of surviving neurons, there may be little chance of effectively interfering with the disease process. This review emphasizes the importance of preserving synaptic structure and function (i.e., "synaptoprotection") in AD. Such "synaptoprotective" therapy will probably need to be administered at a critical early time point, perhaps years before onset of clinical symptoms.
Reconstruction optimization for temporal response improvement in CT fluoroscopy (1999)

Computed tomography (CT) has been shown to be effective in providing guidance to operators who perform interventional procedures. In these procedures, commonly called CT fluoroscopy (CTF), a patient is continuously scanned at one or multiple locations while the interventional instrument is inserted. One of the key performance parameters in such a system is the temporal response. In this paper, we first present a mathematical expression that accurately characterizes the system response to an needle type instrument. Based on the model, an optimized reconstruction algorithm is presented that enables an improved temporal resolution and a reduced system delay. The effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated by phantom experiments and verified with the mathematical model.
Ligand Effects in SCILL Model Systems: Site‐Specific Interactions with Pt and Pd Nanoparticles (2011)

Ionic liquids (ILs), such as [BMIM][Tf2N], on well-defined SCILL model catalysts are able to replace weakly adsorbed CO. On Pt, on-top CO remains adsorbed under the ionic liquid layer, but its IR signal red-shifts by over 30 cm−1. IL–adsorbate interactions are mediated by the noble metal and similar to ligands.
Terahertz emission profile from laser-induced air plasma (2006)

We report the characterization of the emission profile of terahertz waves generated by four-wave mixing in the presence of laser-induced plasma. Highly directional terahertz waves with a divergence angle smaller than 10° are measured in the presence of long plasmas (&gt;10mm). Frequency-dependent interference structures in the angular distribution of the radiation are observed under tighter focusing conditions and are explained by intense self-phase modulation of the optical pulse in the plasma. This study reveals that terahertz generation from four-wave mixing in air plasmas is a promising source for spectroscopy and imaging in the terahertz range.
Frequency of Isolation of Porphyromonas Species from Infected Dog and Cat Bite Wounds in Humans and Their Characterization by Biochemical Tests and Arbitrarily Primed-Polymerase Chain Reaction Fingerprinting (1996)

We isolated 40 strains of Porphyromonas (formerly Bacteroides) species from 29 of 102 cat and dog bite wounds in humans. P. salivosa, P. gingivalis, and P. canoris were the most frequent isolates. A comparison of the RapID ANA II system (Innovative Diagnostic Systems, Norcross, GA), An-IDENT panels (bioMérieux, St. Louis), and API ZYM strips (bioMérieux) showed that the latter kit best characterized these isolates because it included tests for trypsin and chymotrypsin activity; however, the tests for glycosidase activity in this kit were less sensitive than were those in the other kits. None of the biochemical systems was able to identify all species. Arbitrarily primed-polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting with a nonspecific single primer, T3B, yielded distinct profiles for type strains and for the clinical isolates, suggesting that some of the isolates represented previously undescribed species. Growth of these species took > or = 5 days; therefore, laboratories should incubate anaerobic plates from bite wound cultures for > or = 7 days to assure isolation of these common pathogens.
Air Pollution Control (2023)

Since the first edition was printed in 1991, there have only been minor changes in air regulations. The opposing "trenches" used by environmental regulation proponents have deepened as each side increases their database. Agencies and environmental groups have backed off a little in issues such as bubble policies and enforcement time tables. This has made it extremely difficult for equipment vendors to anticipate industry requirements. Overall, the current market projections are not very favorable for the new equipment suppliers. In contrast, the service organizations are seeing increasing need for their help in areas such as dispersion modeling, troubleshooting and testing. Existing systems are being improved upon to keep them in operation. There remains a continuous need for up-to-date references and training materials to serve these needs, and it is for this purpose this revised edition is dedicated.
Image Co-segmentation via Consistent Functional Maps (2013)

Joint segmentation of image sets has great importance for object recognition, image classification, and image retrieval. In this paper, we aim to jointly segment a set of images starting from a small number of labeled images or none at all. To allow the images to share segmentation information with each other, we build a network that contains segmented as well as unsegmented images, and extract functional maps between connected image pairs based on image appearance features. These functional maps act as general property transporters between the images and, in particular, are used to transfer segmentations. We define and operate in a reduced functional space optimized so that the functional maps approximately satisfy cycle-consistency under composition in the network. A joint optimization framework is proposed to simultaneously generate all segmentation functions over the images so that they both align with local segmentation cues in each particular image, and agree with each other under network transportation. This formulation allows us to extract segmentations even with no training data, but can also exploit such data when available. The collective effect of the joint processing using functional maps leads to accurate information sharing among images and yields superior segmentation results, as shown on the iCoseg, MSRC, and PASCAL data sets.
The cadherin‐like protein is essential to specificity determination and cytotoxic action of the <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> insecticidal CryIAa toxin (1999)

The Bacillus thuringiensis CryIAa toxin binds a cadherin-like protein (BtR175) on the brush-border membranes of the Bombyx mori midgut columnar cells, which are the targets. By introducing the BtR175 gene with a baculovirus, Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells expressed BtR175 protein on the cell membrane and became susceptible to the CryIAa toxin. The toxin bound the cadherin repeat adjacent to the membrane and made a pore that passed inorganic ions, causing the cell to swell and burst. This was not observed with a BtR175 variant lacking the toxin-binding site. This in vitro experiment mimicked the specific insecticidal action of the toxin in vivo well.
Separation of aromatic hydrocarbons from alkanes using the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazoliumbis{(trifluoromethyl) sulfonyl}amide (2006)

The liquid–liquid equilibrium for the ternary system formed by hexane, benzene and the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazoliumbis{(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl}amide, [C2mim][NTf2], has been experimentally determined at 25 °C and 40 °C. The results show that the [C2mim][NTf2] can selectively remove benzene from its mixtures with hexane, suggesting that this ionic liquid can be used as an alternative solvent in liquid extraction processes for the removal of aromatic compounds from their mixtures with alkanes.
The<i>Candida albicans ERG26</i>gene encoding the C-3 sterol dehydrogenase (C-4 decarboxylase) is essential for growth (2001)

The Candida albicans ERG26 gene encoding the C-3 sterol dehydrogenase (C-4 decarboxylase) was cloned by complementing a Saccharomyces cerevisiae erg26 mutant with a C. albicans genomic library. Sequence analysis showed a 70% identity between the C. albicans and S. cerevisiae ERG26 genes at the amino acid level. Sequential disruption of both copies of the ERG26 gene in the presence of an integrated rescue cassette containing a third copy of the ERG26 gene under the control of the inducible pMAL2 promoter, resulted in cells capable of growing only in the presence of the inducer. The results establish that the ERG26 gene is essential for growth and that inhibitors of the Erg26p may represent a new and highly effective class of antifungal agents.
Language assessment procedures for linguistic minorities: An example (1981)

Abstract The lack of standardised language assessment procedures for bilingual communities in Britain is pointed out, as well as the problems faced by speech therapists in adequately assessing the linguistic ability of bilinguals. An example of the steps necessary in the development of such a procedure in the specific instance of a phonological assessment for Welsh is provided. Test design is discussed with the conclusion that a picture elicitation procedure should be adopted; together with a normative dimension against which results can be compared. An examination of the phonology of Welsh leads to a discussion of how the test items were chosen, and how the procedure is administered. The future development of the procedure is also discussed. The view is expressed that more of such language assessment procedures will be necessary if bilingual communities are to be adequately catered for by speech pathology and therapy.
Characterization of the mass transfer of lyophilized products based on X-ray micro-computed tomography images (2016)

This paper proposes a systematic work process for the rapid determination of resistance to vapor flow given by the products being freeze-dried. This approach couples mathematical modeling and 3D nondestructive X-ray imaging to reconstruct the internal structure of lyophilized samples. Knowledge of the internal structure is fundamental to better understand the relationship between freezing and within-product heterogeneity as well as between freezing and the drying behavior of the product being lyophilized. The method was validated upon mannitol-based formulations using various freezing protocols. This stepwise approach was demonstrated to be helpful to lyophilization professionals for the control of within-product heterogeneity and for the optimization of the cycle.
Synthesis and characterization of nanoporous Pt–Ni alloys (2009)

Two nanoporous Pt–Ni alloys were synthesized by dealloying ternary amorphous Si–Pt–Ni precursors. Both foams have nearly the same composition, ligament diameter size, and density. However, their ligament patterns are different, depending on the microstructure of precursors. The difference in morphology is shown to have a profound effect on mechanical properties. The structure with well-aligned long nanoligaments exhibited over 50% higher hardness and stiffness than the structure with short random-oriented nanoligaments. These nanoporous Pt–Ni structures are thermally stable at 300 °C.
High-Performance CMOS Clock And Data Recovery Circuit (2006)

In this dissertation, the design of a 5Gb/s CDR circuit in Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation (TSMC) 0.18 -1.8V standard CMOS process based on a linear half-rate linear architecture is presented. Half-rate architecture allows a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) to run at one-half of its input data rate by utilizing both rising and falling edges of VCO output to sample jittery non-return zero (NRZ) data. Having a VCO running at one-half of data rate significantly reduces total jitter and power consumption.
The effect of a SiO<sub>2</sub>layer on the performance of a ZnO-based SAW device for high sensitivity biosensor applications (2009)

The properties of ZnO/SiO2/Si surface acoustic wave (SAW) love mode biosensors are studied in this paper. This specific structure is very suitable for biosensors since the reactive ZnO surface offers the opportunity for effective bio–ZnO interfaces, and the development of sensors directly on Si substrates provides the chance for full integration with read-out and signal processing circuitry in the mature Si technology. However, investigations of the dependence of buffer layer SiO2 on the performance of biosensors are very few. Therefore, the main interest of this paper is to find the relation between the properties of biosensors and the SiO2 layer. Some important results are obtained by solving the coupled electromechanical field equations. It is found that the mass loading sensitivity can be further improved by adding the SiO2 layer; furthermore, the maximal sensitivity of the biosensors can be obtained by adjusting the thicknesses of the two layers. Accordingly, consideration of the buffer layer is very important in the optimization of devices. On the other hand, it is found that the thickness of the piezoelectric guiding layer has an evident effect on the electromechanical coupling coefficient, while that of the SiO2 layer has a tiny effect on it. Moreover, we find that the effect of initial stresses on the properties of biosensors depends on the distribution of acoustic flow power in the two layers. This analysis is meaningful for the manufacture and applications of the ZnO/SiO2/Si structure love wave biosensor.