gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ZmDREB2A regulates <i>ZmGH3.2</i> and <i>ZmRAFS</i>, shifting metabolism towards seed aging tolerance over seedling growth (2020)

Seed aging tolerance and rapid seedling growth are important agronomic traits for crop production; however, how these traits are controlled at the molecular level remains largely unknown. The unaged seeds of two independent maize DEHYDRATION-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT-BINDING2A mutant (zmdreb2a) lines, with decreased expression of GRETCHEN HAGEN3.2 (ZmGH3.2, encoding indole-3-acetic acid [IAA] deactivating enzyme), and increased IAA in their embryo, produced longer seedling shoots and roots, than the null segregant (NS) controls. However, the zmdreb2a seeds, with decreased expression of RAFFINOSE SYNTHASE (ZmRAFS) and less raffinose in their embryo, exhibit decreased seed aging tolerance, than the NS controls. Overexpression of ZmDREB2A in maize protoplasts increased the expression of ZmGH3.2, ZmRAFS genes and that of a Rennila LUCIFERASE reporter (Rluc) gene, which was controlled by either the ZmGH3.2- or ZmRAFS-promoter. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that ZmDREB2A directly binds to the DRE motif of the promoters of both ZmGH3.2 and ZmRAFS. Exogenous supplementation of IAA to the unaged, germinating NS seeds increased subsequent seedling growth making them similar to the zmdreb2a seedlings from unaged seeds. These findings provide evidence that ZmDREB2A regulates the longevity of maize seed by stimulating the production of raffinose while simultaneously acting to limit auxin-mediated cell expansion.
Evaluating the Effect of Stimuli Color and Frequency on SSVEP (2020)

Brain-computer interfaces (BCI) can extract information about the subject's intentions by registering and processing electroencephalographic (EEG) signals to generate actions on physical systems. Steady-state visual-evoked potentials (SSVEP) are produced when the subject stares at flashing visual stimuli. By means of spectral analysis and by measuring the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of its harmonic contents, the observed stimulus can be identified. Stimulus color matters, and some authors have proposed red because of its ability to capture attention, while others refuse it because it might induce epileptic seizures. Green has also been proposed and it is claimed that white may generate the best signals. Regarding frequency, middle frequencies are claimed to produce the best SNR, although high frequencies have not been thoroughly studied, and might be advantageous due to the lower spontaneous cerebral activity in this frequency band. Here, we show white, red, and green stimuli, at three frequencies: 5 (low), 12 (middle), and 30 (high) Hz to 42 subjects, and compare them in order to find which one can produce the best SNR. We aim to know if the response to white is as strong as the one to red, and also if the response to high frequency is as strong as the one triggered by lower frequencies. Attention has been measured with the Conner's Continuous Performance Task version 2 (CPT-II) task, in order to search for a potential relationship between attentional capacity and the SNR previously obtained. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) shows the best SNR with the middle frequency, followed by the low, and finally the high one. White gives as good an SNR as red at 12 Hz and so does green at 5 Hz, with no differences at 30 Hz. These results suggest that middle frequencies are preferable and that using the red color can be avoided. Correlation analysis also show a correlation between attention and the SNR at low frequency, so suggesting that for the low frequencies, more attentional capacity leads to better results.
Predicting QoE in cellular networks using machine learning and in-smartphone measurements (2017)

Monitoring the Quality of Experience (QoE) undergone by cellular network customers has become paramount for cellular ISPs, who need to ensure high quality levels to limit customer churn due to quality dissatisfaction. This paper tackles the problem of QoE monitoring, assessment and prediction in cellular networks, relying on end-user device (i.e., smart-phone) QoS passive traffic measurements and QoE crowdsourced feedback. We conceive different QoE assessment models based on supervised machine learning techniques, which are capable to predict the QoE experienced by the end user of popular smartphone apps (e.g., YouTube and Facebook), using as input the passive in-device measurements. Using a rich QoE dataset derived from field trials in operational cellular networks, we benchmark the performance of multiple machine learning based predictors, and construct a decision-tree based model which is capable to predict the per-user overall experience and service acceptability with a success rate of 91% and 98% respectively To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper using end-user, in-device passive measurements and machine learning models to predict the QoE of smartphone users in operational cellular networks.
Physiological flow variations in the periorbital arteries in Zambian Africans. A screening with bidirectional Doppler ultrasound. (1987)

Directional Doppler sonography with direct evaluation of the extracranial carotid artery system and scanning of the periorbital arteries has been performed in 49 black Zambian hypertensive patients and in 19 controls without cardiovascular risk factors. Direct evaluation of the extracranial carotid artery system did not show any abnormalities. In contrast to this periorbital Doppler examination revealed positive findings with retrograde flow direction in the supratrochlear artery in 19% and 21% of all examined carotids in the hypertension and control group, respectively. Compared to direct carotid angiography, 66% of the positive supratrochlear and 13% of the positive supraorbital findings in the hypertensive patient group could be shown to be false positive results. As a possible explanation of this high incidence of a retrograde flow direction in periorbital arteries a different flow physiology in the ophthalmic artery of black Zambians compared to Caucasians is discussed.
Demonstration of an ultraviolet 336 nm AlGaN multiple-quantum-well laser diode (2008)

We have demonstrated laser operation of an AlGaN multiple-quantum-well (MQW) laser diode (LD) with a peak wavelength of 336.0 nm under pulsed current mode at room temperature. The LD was fabricated on a low-dislocation-density Al0.3Ga0.7N grown on a sapphire substrate using a hetero-facet-controlled epitaxial lateral overgrowth method. The laser emission is strongly transverse electric polarized with a peak output power of 3 mW and a differential external quantum efficiency of 1.1%. This demonstration of the LD lasing in ultraviolet-AII spectral band (320–340 nm) suggests that the AlGaN MQW LDs can be potent devices opening a path to deeper ultraviolet LDs.
Activation of KRAS Mediates Resistance to Targeted Therapy in MET Exon 14–mutant Non–small Cell Lung Cancer (2018)

<i>KRAS</i> mutation is a recurrent mechanism of primary and secondary resistance to MET TKIs in <i>MET</i>ex14 lung cancers. Dual inhibition of MET or EGFR/ERBB2 and MEK may represent a potential therapeutic approach in this molecular cohort.
Refactoring Recommendations Based on the Optimization of Socio-Technical Congruence (2020)

Software development is known to be a social activity that involves developers, project managers, and stakeholders. Recent studies have proved a direct relation between social and technical aspects, e.g., poor coordination among developers may lead to an increase of technical debt in source code. The so-called socio-technical congruence measures the level of coordination existing in an organization at their different levels. In this late-breaking idea paper, we propose a novel way to employ the socio-technical congruence in the context of source code quality improvement: we design a community-based refactoring recommendation approach that aims at optimizing socio-technical congruence while keeping into account the source code dependencies among the components of a software project. A search-based algorithm is employed to this purpose and we envision the novel approach to be suitable for providing Extract Class and Extract Package refactoring recommendations.
Overview of Naval Multifunction RF Systems (2018)

Multifunction radio frequency (RF) systems employ active electronically scanned array technology to consolidate several RF functions, including radar, communications, electronic attack and electronic support. This paper presents key characteristics of multifunction RF (MFRF) systems for naval platforms, together with advantages and drawbacks relative to individual RF systems. Requirements for RF functions are provided, and design considerations for naval MFRF systems are discussed. Future research topics in MFRF systems are presented: MFRF system design, which is constrained by hardware technology; and resource management among multiple RF functions, which builds on previous results in radar resource management.
C/EBPε mediates nicotinamide-enhanced clearance of Staphylococcus aureus in mice (2012)

The myeloid-specific transcription factor, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein ε (C/EBPε) is a critical mediator of myelopoiesis. Mutation of this gene is responsible for neutrophil-specific granule deficiency in humans, a condition that confers susceptibility to Staphylococcus aureus infection. We found that C/EBPε-deficient mice are severely affected by infection with S. aureus, and C/EBPε deficiency in neutrophils contributes to the infectious phenotype. Conversely, exposure to the epigenetic modulator nicotinamide (vitamin B3) increased expression of C/EBPε in WT myeloid cells. Further, nicotinamide increased the activity of C/EBPε and select downstream antimicrobial targets, particularly in neutrophils. In a systemic murine infection model as well as in murine and human peripheral blood, nicotinamide enhanced killing of S. aureus by up to 1,000 fold but had no effect when administered to either C/EBPε-deficient mice or mice depleted of neutrophils. Nicotinamide was efficacious in both prophylactic and therapeutic settings. Our findings suggest that C/EBPε is an important target to boost killing of bacteria by the innate immune system.
Simultaneous localisation and mapping on the Great Barrier Reef (2004)

This paper presents results of the application of the simultaneous localisation and mapping algorithm to data collected by an unmanned underwater vehicle operating on the Great Barrier Reef in Australia. By fusing information from the vehicle's on-board sonar and vision systems, it is possible to use the highly textured reef to provide estimates of the vehicle motion as well as to generate models of the gross structure of the underlying reefs. Terrain-aided navigation promises to revolutionise the ability of marine systems to track underwater bodies in many applications. This work represents a crucial step in the development of underwater technologies capable of long-term, reliable deployment. Results of the application of this technique to the tracking of the vehicle position are shown.
Covalent tethering of fragments for covalent probe discovery (2016)

Covalent probes and drugs have found widespread use as research tools and clinical agents. Covalent probes are useful because of their increased intracellular potency and because covalent labeling of cellular proteins can be tracked using click chemistry. Covalent drugs, on the other hand, can overcome drug resistance toward their reversible counterparts. The discovery of covalent probes and drugs usually follows two trajectories: covalent natural products and their analogues are used directly as covalent probes or drugs; or alternatively, a non-covalent probe is equipped with a reactive group and converted into a covalent probe. In both cases, there is a need to either have a natural product or a potent non-covalent scaffold. The alternative approach to discover covalent probes is to start with a drug-like fragment that already has an electrophile, and then grow the fragment into a potent lead compound. In this approach, the electrophilic fragment will react covalently with the target protein, and therefore the initial weak binding of the fragment can be amplified over time and detected using mass spectrometry. With this approach the surface of the protein can be interrogated with a library of covalent fragments to identify covalent drug binding sites. One challenge with this approach is the danger of non-specific covalent labeling of proteins with covalent fragments. The second challenge is the risk of selecting the most reactive fragment rather than the best binder if the covalent fragments are screened in mixtures. This review will highlight how covalent tethering was developed, its current state, and its future.
Séparation chromatographique de peptides issus de l'hydrolyse enzymatique de protéines de lactosérum et de caséines (1987)

By chromatographie fractionation of peptides from milk proteins, on an anionexchange support, two fractions (1 and II) were obtained.
Multi-user session control in the next generation wireless system (2006)

Next generation IP wireless systems are envisioned to be heterogeneous and to provide ubiquitous services to mobile users with different quality of service requirements. Furthermore, in order to attract and keep customers, mobile operators are expanding their portfolio with the inclusion of publish-subscribe services, such as real-time multimedia sessions. This paper presents a signalling application layer based on the Next Steps in Signalling (NSIS) framework that aims to provide the control of sessions to multiple users across heterogeneous wireless systems, called Multi-user Session Control (MUSC). Supported by a session-aware signalling protocol, named MUSC-P, which is highlighted in this paper, MUSC controls the session quality of service mapping and adaptation, the ubiquitous access of mobile users to the available published sessions and the session connectivity between networks with different address realms. The protocol is detailed, its functionalities are presented, and an initial performance evaluation shows the protocol efficiency concerning the control of session setup to multiple users.
Theory and example of a small‐molecule motor (2003)

Abstract Conceptual principles for operation of a molecular motor stipulate that such a species must consist of an energy‐consuming catalyst that exhibits within its mechanism temporal overlap of successive catalytic cycles, so as to induce irreversible intramolecular motion during operation. The exothermic hydration reaction of MeCOCHCNCMe 3 brought about by catalyst HO 2 CCH 2 OCMe(CO 2 H) 2 qualifies as such a process, in the form of serial conversion between canonical carboxylic anhydride structures within the catalyst. The steady‐state kinetic behavior and inactivation by methanol demonstrate the operation of an appropriate repetitive catalytic loop in this case. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Efficient genome engineering in human pluripotent stem cells using Cas9 from <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> (2013)

Genome engineering in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) holds great promise for biomedical research and regenerative medicine. Recently, an RNA-guided, DNA-cleaving interference pathway from bacteria [the type II clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated (Cas) pathway] has been adapted for use in eukaryotic cells, greatly facilitating genome editing. Only two CRISPR-Cas systems (from Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus thermophilus), each with their own distinct targeting requirements and limitations, have been developed for genome editing thus far. Furthermore, limited information exists about homology-directed repair (HDR)-mediated gene targeting using long donor DNA templates in hPSCs with these systems. Here, using a distinct CRISPR-Cas system from Neisseria meningitidis, we demonstrate efficient targeting of an endogenous gene in three hPSC lines using HDR. The Cas9 RNA-guided endonuclease from N. meningitidis (NmCas9) recognizes a 5'-NNNNGATT-3' protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) different from those recognized by Cas9 proteins from S. pyogenes and S. thermophilus (SpCas9 and StCas9, respectively). Similar to SpCas9, NmCas9 is able to use a single-guide RNA (sgRNA) to direct its activity. Because of its distinct protospacer adjacent motif, the N. meningitidis CRISPR-Cas machinery increases the sequence contexts amenable to RNA-directed genome editing.
Adaptive Predistortion Using Cubic Spline Nonlinearity Based Hammerstein Modeling (2012)

In this paper, a new Hammerstein predistorter modeling for power amplifier (PA) linearization is proposed. The key feature of the model is that the cubic splines, instead of conventional high-order polynomials, are utilized as the static nonlinearities due to the fact that the splines are able to represent hard nonlinearities accurately and circumvent the numerical instability problem simultaneously. Furthermore, according to the amplifier's AM/AM and AM/PM characteristics, real-valued cubic spline functions are utilized to compensate the nonlinear distortion of the amplifier and the following finite impulse response (FIR) filters are utilized to eliminate the memory effects of the amplifier. In addition, the identification algorithm of the Hammerstein predistorter is discussed. The predistorter is implemented on the indirect learning architecture, and the separable nonlinear least squares (SNLS) Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is adopted for the sake that the separation method reduces the dimension of the nonlinear search space and thus greatly simplifies the identification procedure. However, the convergence performance of the iterative SNLS algorithm is sensitive to the initial estimation. Therefore an effective normalization strategy is presented to solve this problem. Simulation experiments were carried out on a single-carrier WCDMA signal. Results show that compared to the conventional polynomial predistorters, the proposed Hammerstein predistorter has a higher linearization performance when the PA is near saturation and has a comparable linearization performance when the PA is mildly nonlinear. Furthermore, the proposed predistorter is numerically more stable in all input back-off cases. The results also demonstrate the validity of the convergence scheme.
Virtual impedance-based active damping for LCL resonance in grid-connected voltage source inverters with grid current feedback (2016)

Grid-connected Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) with LCL filters, controlled by proportional-resonant compensator in αβ frame, is very popular in utility application for its better power quality feature, while the inherent LCL resonance characteristic limits the control loop bandwidth and threatens the system stability. The active damping is essential to dampen the LCL resonance. This paper investigates the active damping method with only grid current feedback. Compared with the most widely used capacitor current feedback active damping, this novel method avoids the use of extra sensors to detect the capacitor current, which possesses the merits of lower cost and higher reliability. By performing the equivalent control block diagram transformation, it is revealed that a virtual impedance in series or parallel with the grid-side inductor can ideally be implemented with specific active damping controllers, which also comprehensively reflects the physical circuit property of grid current feedback active damping. However, the second-order derivative terms are needed in the ideal forms of the active damping controllers which can hardly be realized in practice. To deal with this issue, a second-order transfer function is proposed to approximate the s <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> term in the required frequency range for realizing the similar LCL resonance damping performance. Further, a straightforward design method to determine the parameters of the active damping controller is introduced. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control method and relevant design strategies are verified both in time and frequency domain.
X-Ray microscope using multilayer optics with a laser-produced plasma source (1985)

All present X-ray microscopes involving focusing optics use synchrotrons as their source of soft X-rays. We describe our design and development to date of a scanning microscope which uses normal incidence multilayer mirrors in a Schwarzschild configuration to focus soft X-rays from a laser produced plasma to a spot diameter of less than 1000A. We compare the expected flux for this microscope with the fluxes expected and achieved by other investigators. The alignment tolerances for the objective were determined by raytracing. These tolerances and proposed means of achieving them will be discussed.
Cardiac Sarcoidosis Managed by Biventricular Pacing: A Case Report (2022)

Background: Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is a rare pathology that affects the middle-aged population. Its diagnosis, as well as its treatment, can be quite challenging, especially dealing with device management. We hereby discuss a case of CS, managed by a biventricular pacemaker in a 43-year-old man. Case Report: A 43-year-old male presented to the emergency department with a 15-day history of chronic cough and worsening dyspnea. On examination, he was found to be bradycardic in the context of a third-degree heart block on ECG as well as bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy on chest radiography. Based on these findings, cardiac sarcoidosis was suspected. A temporary right internal jugular transvenous pacemaker was implanted in the right ventricle and empiric corticosteroid management was commenced. Lung tissue biopsies were obtained via bronchoscopy and were positive for granulomas consistent with a diagnosis of sarcoidosis. Even though the patient showed a partial positive response to corticosteroid treatment, he required a permanent pacemaker. A dual-chamber implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) was implanted and the patient was discharged on prednisone. His follow-up plan consisted of serial echocardiography and consideration of a new coronary sinus lead in the event of left ventricular dysfunction in the future. Conclusion: Cardiac rhythm management in the context of CS is often difficult, with decisions that need to be made between a pacemaker, a defibrillator, or a cardiac resynchronization device. The idea that biventricular pacing has a preventative role against heart failure in patients with normal left ventricular ejection fraction and CS deserves more attention and discussion.
Process Variation Aware Wide Tuning Band Pass Filter for Steep Roll-Off High Rejection (2015)

A wide tuning band pass filter (BPF) with steep roll-off high rejection and low noise figure is presented. The design feature of steep roll-off high stopband rejection (>20 dB) and low noise figure (<6 dB) provides a wide tuning frequency span (1–2.04 GHz) to accept desirable signals and reject close interfering signals. The process variation aware design approach demonstrates robustness of the BPF after calibration from process variations, operating in 1.04 GHz tuning frequency span: almost zero deviation on center frequency, an average maximum deviation 1.16 dB on a nominal pass band gain of 55.6 dB, and an average maximum deviation 1.06 MHz on a nominal bandwidth of 12.3 MHz.