gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel Plant-specific Cyclin-dependent Kinase Inhibitors Induced by Biotic and Abiotic Stresses (2007)

The EL2 gene of rice (Oryza sativa), previously classified as early response gene against the potent biotic elicitor N-acetylchitoheptaose and encoding a short polypeptide with unknown function, was identified as a novel cell cycle regulatory gene related to the recently reported SIAMESE (SIM) gene of Arabidopsis thaliana. Iterative two-hybrid screens, in vitro pull-down assays, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer analyses showed that Orysa; EL2 binds the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) CDKA1;1 and D-type cyclins. No interaction was observed with the plant-specific B-type CDKs. The amino acid motif ELERFL was identified to be essential for cyclin, but not for CDK binding. Orysa;EL2 impaired the ability of Orysa; CYCD5;3 to complement a budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) triple CLN mutant, whereas recombinant protein inhibited CDK activity in vitro. Moreover, Orysa;EL2 was able to rescue the multicellular trichome phenotype of sim mutants of Arabidopsis, unequivocally demonstrating that Orysa;EL2 operates as a cell cycle inhibitor. Orysa;EL2 mRNA levels were induced by cold, drought, and propionic acid. Our data suggest that Orysa;EL2 encodes a new type of plant CDK inhibitor that links cell cycle progression with biotic and abiotic stress responses.
Raman Spectroscopy for Early Detection of Cervical Cancer, a Global Women’s Health Issue—A Review (2023)

This review focuses on recent advances and future perspectives in the use of Raman spectroscopy for cervical cancer, a global women's health issue. Cervical cancer is the fourth most common women's cancer in the world, and unfortunately mainly affects younger women. However, when detected at the early precancer stage, it is highly treatable. High-quality cervical screening programmes and the introduction of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine are reducing the incidence of cervical cancer in many countries, but screening is still essential for all women. Current gold standard methods include HPV testing and cytology for screening, followed by colposcopy and histopathology for diagnosis. However, these methods are limited in terms of sensitivity/specificity, cost, and time. New methods are required to aid clinicians in the early detection of cervical precancer. Over the past 20 years, the potential of Raman spectroscopy together with multivariate statistical analysis has been shown for the detection of cervical cancer. This review discusses the research to date on Raman spectroscopic approaches for cervical cancer using exfoliated cells, biofluid samples, and tissue ex vivo and in vivo.
Characterization of double-stranded RNA from<i>Tilletia indica</i> (1994)

Double-stranded RNA was identified in six isolates of Tilletia indica, the causal agent of Karnal bunt disease of wheat. Double-stranded RNAs ranged from 2.8 to 12.3 kbp in size, similar to sizes reported for double-stranded RNAs from other plant pathogenic fungi. The six isolates revealed diverse double-stranded RNA banding patterns; however, identical patterns were found for two isolates (one from India, one from Mexico). A random-primed cDNA probe generated from the high molecular weight double- stranded RNA segment of isolate PV-18 hybridized only to double-stranded RNA of isolate PV-18 and not to double-stranded RNA of the other five isolates, indicating a high degree of sequence specificity within the double-stranded RNA from at least one of the isolates tested. This is the first report of double-stranded RNA occurring in any species of Tilletia.
General Method for Regulating Protein Stability with Light (2013)

Post-translational regulation of protein abundance in cells is a powerful tool for studying protein function. Here, we describe a novel genetically encoded protein domain that is degraded upon exposure to nontoxic blue light. We demonstrate that fusion proteins containing this domain are rapidly degraded in cultured cells and in zebrafish upon illumination.
<title>Cryogen spray cooling for spatially selective photocoagulation: a feasibility study with potential application for treatment of hemangiomas</title> (1996)

The clinical objective in laser treatment of hemangiomas is to photocoagulate the dilated cutaneous blood vessels, while at the same time minimizing nonspecific thermal injury to the overlying epidermis. We present an in-vivo experimental procedure, using a chicken comb animal model, and an infrared feedback system to deliver repetitive cryogen spurts during continuous Nd:YAG laser irradiation. Gross and histologic observations are consistent with calculated thicknesses of protected and damaged tissues, and demonstrate the feasibility of inducing spatially selective photocoagulation when using cryogen spray cooling in conjunction with laser irradiation. Experimental observation of epidermal protection in the chicken comb model suggests selective photocoagulation of subsurface targeted blood vessels for successful treatment of hemangiomas can be achieved by repetitive applications of a cryogen spurt during continuous Nd:YAG laser irradiation.
Scalable Online Discussions as Listening Technology (2006)

This paper presents a novel online discussion environment that efficiently supports listening processes inspired by more collaborative management practices. This participative management approach requires feedback from stakeholders and people closer to the business reality and it is gathered by means of a scalable online meeting where any numbers of people discuss in realtime a given business topic. Participants put forward their opinions within their local group, and those opinions that receive high support locally propagate through the rest of the invited population as they accumulate more and more support. The output of these meetings is the set of individual opinions that have captured the greatest group support. The mechanisms enabling this type of discussions are presented and its benefits discussed. In addition, it is shown, using a simplified dynamic model of the participant interaction, that information overload is avoided even for large groups. The predictions of the model are compared to results from actual discussions that used the system.
A laser-based phase plate for phase contrast transmission electron microscopy (2018)

In the first demonstration of a laser-based phase plate for transmission electron microscopy, a continuous-wave laser in a resonant cavity reaches a record 60 GW/cm2 average intensity and phase shifts the electron beam via the ponderomotive force.
Unsupervised Deformable Registration for Multi-Modal Images via Disentangled Representations (2019)

We propose a fully unsupervised multi-modal deformable image registration method (UMDIR), which does not require any ground truth deformation fields or any aligned multi-modal image pairs during training. Multi-modal registration is a key problem in many medical image analysis applications. It is very challenging due to complicated and unknown relationships between different modalities. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised learning approach to reduce the multi-modal registration problem to a mono-modal one through image disentangling. In particular, we decompose images of both modalities into a common latent shape space and separate latent appearance spaces via an unsupervised multi-modal image-to-image translation approach. The proposed registration approach is then built on the factorized latent shape code, with the assumption that the intrinsic shape deformation existing in original image domain is preserved in this latent space. Specifically, two metrics have been proposed for training the proposed network: a latent similarity metric defined in the common shape space and a learningbased image similarity metric based on an adversarial loss. We examined different variations of our proposed approach and compared them with conventional state-of-the-art multi-modal registration methods. Results show that our proposed methods achieve competitive performance against other methods at substantially reduced computation time.
Dose domain regularization of MLC leaf patterns for highly complex IMRT plans (2015)

The fluence map to MLC segmentation conversion problem was formulated as a secondary optimization problem in the dose domain to minimize the smoothness-regularized dose discrepancy. The large scale optimization problem was solved using a primal-dual algorithm that transformed complicated fluences into maps that were more robust to the MLC segmentation and sequencing, affording fewer and larger segments with minimal degradation to dose distribution.
Soft robotic arm inspired by the octopus: I. From biological functions to artificial requirements (2012)

Octopuses are molluscs that belong to the group Cephalopoda. They lack joints and rigid links, and as a result, their arms possess virtually limitless freedom of movement. These flexible appendages exhibit peculiar biomechanical features such as stiffness control, compliance, and high flexibility and dexterity. Studying the capabilities of the octopus arm is a complex task that presents a challenge for both biologists and roboticists, the latter of whom draw inspiration from the octopus in designing novel technologies within soft robotics. With this idea in mind, in this study, we used new, purposively developed methods of analysing the octopus arm in vivo to create new biologically inspired design concepts. Our measurements showed that the octopus arm can elongate by 70% in tandem with a 23% diameter reduction and exhibits an average pulling force of 40 N. The arm also exhibited a 20% mean shortening at a rate of 17.1 mm s(-1) and a longitudinal stiffening rate as high as 2 N (mm s)(-1). Using histology and ultrasounds, we investigated the functional morphology of the internal tissues, including the sinusoidal arrangement of the nerve cord and the local insertion points of the longitudinal and transverse muscle fibres. The resulting information was used to create novel design principles and specifications that can in turn be used in developing a new soft robotic arm.
New photoresists for deep ultraviolet (<300 nm) exposure (1983)

The increasing density of devices in large scale integrated circuits has created a need for lithographic techniques that have higher resolution (≈1 μm) than can be achieved with conventional (≈400 nm) optical technology. By operating in the deep uv (200–300 nm) region of the spectrum, one can reduce diffraction effects and increase resolution. Because of the high optical density of conventional photoresists in this wavelength range, new materials are needed. This paper presents an overview of new positive resists that we have developed. These include methacrylate polymers that undergo photochemical chain scission and two-component (photosensitive solution inhibitor – alkali soluble matrix resin) systems.
Asymmetric synthesis of psychotomimetic phenylisopropylamines (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric synthesis of psychotomimetic phenylisopropylaminesDavid E. Nichols, Charles F. Barfknecht, David B. Rusterholz, Frederick Benington, and Richard D. MorinCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1973, 16, 5, 480–483Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00263a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00263a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views799Altmetric-Citations113LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Unraveled Face-Dependent Effects of Multilayered Graphene Embedded in Transparent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (2017)

With increasing demand for transparent conducting electrodes, graphene has attracted considerable attention, owing to its high electrical conductivity, high transmittance, low reflectance, flexibility, and tunable work function. Two faces of single-layer graphene are indistinguishable in its nature, and this idea has not been doubted even in multilayered graphene (MLG) because it is difficult to separately characterize the front (first-born) and the rear face (last-born) of MLG by using conventional analysis tools, such as Raman and ultraviolet spectroscopy, scanning probe microscopy, and sheet resistance. In this paper, we report the striking difference of the emission pattern and performance of transparent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) depending on the adopted face of MLG and show the resolved chemical and physical states of both faces by using depth-selected absorption spectroscopy. Our results strongly support that the interface property between two different materials rules over the bulk property in the driving performance of OLEDs.
Band selection-based Gabor wavelet feature extraction for hyperspectral imagery classification (2012)

Recently, we have introduced 3-D Gabor wavelets to extract the discriminative features from the hyperspectral imagery for classification. High classification accuracies have been achieved even with small training sample set. However, the computational load of the convolution operator between the original hyperspectral data and the 3-D Gabor wavelet filter is quite high. Furthermore, more than fifty Gabor wavelet filters are convolved with the original data, which needs huge amount of space to store the generated feature sets, making the following feature fusion and classification procedures not practical for hyperspectral imagery covering large spatial area. In this paper, we firstly choose the representative bands from the whole hyperspectral data using affinity propagationbased clustering algorithm, then the Gabor wavelet filters are convolved with the selected bands. Experimental results show that the obtained classification accuracies are not much affected, whereas the computational cost and storage requirement are largely decreased.
Automatic Container Code Recognition via Spatial Transformer Networks and Connected Component Region Proposals (2016)

Container identification and recognition is still performed manually or in a semi-automatic fashion in multiple ports globally. This results in errors and inefficiencies in port operations. The problem of automatic container identification and recognition is challenging as the ISO standard only prescribes the pattern of the code and does not specify other parameters such as the foreground and background colors, font type and size, orientation of characters (horizontal or vertical) so on. Additionally, the corrugated surface of container body makes the two dimensional projection of the text on three dimensional containers slanted and jagged. We propose a solution in the form of an end-to-end pipeline that uses Region Proposals generated based on Connected Components for text detection in conjunction with Spatial Transformer NeConnected Componentstworks for text recognition. We demonstrate via our experimental results that the pipeline is reliable and robust even in situations when the code characters are highly distorted and outperforms the state-of-the-art results for text detection and recognition over the containers. We achieve text coverage rate of 100% and text recognition rate of 99.64%.
Electrical and Optical Properties of n-Type Indium-Doped CdTe/Mg0.46Cd0.54Te Double Heterostructures (2016)

CdTe/Mg <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.46</sub> Cd <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.54</sub> Te double heterostructures with n-type In doping concentrations, varied from 1 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">16</sup> to 7 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">18</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> , have been grown on InSb substrates using molecular beam epitaxy. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy measurements show strong diffusion of In from the InSb substrate to the CdTe buffer layer, while the In concentration is constant in the CdTe layer between the two Mg <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.46</sub> Cd <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.54</sub> Te barrier layers. Capacitance-voltage measurements show that the dopants are 100% ionized for the doping concentration range from 1 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">16</sup> to 1 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">18</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> . The carrier lifetime decreases with increasing doping concentration (from 0.73 μs for an unintentionally doped sample to 0.74 ns for a 1 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">18</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> doped sample) due to the decrease of both radiative and nonradiative lifetimes. Decent carrier lifetimes are achieved (~100 ns) between 1 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">16</sup> and 1 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">17</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> doping levels, which is beneficial for developing n-type monocrystalline CdTe solar cells, photodetectors, and other optoelectronic devices. The strongest photoluminescence intensity is observed when the doping concentration is 1 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">17</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> , which corresponds to the highest internal quantum efficiency.
Fibers design with a bend-compensated cladding for distributed wavelength filtering (2014)

Fiber designs are proposed that allow distributed wavelength filtering far more selective than conventional designs, and which is consistent with conventional fiber fabrication. By including a gradient that pre-compensates the bend perturbation in the cladding, the proposed designs overcome the usual tradeoff between mode area and wavelength selectivity. Simulations shows that the resulting fiber performance enables delivery of multi-kW signals over long distances with modest net Raman gain, using bend-resistant fibers of convenient core size.
Enzyme—Albumin Polymers (1984)

The widespread use of enzymes as drugs or therapeutic agents has been limited by (a) enzyme availability, (b) biodegradation of administered enzyme, (c) immunogenecity of the enzyme as a foreign protein, and (d) accessibility of the enzyme to the appropriate site of action. It has become obvious that due to these limitations, the administration of free or native enzyme is not likely to be effective. Various mechanisms of protecting or packaging enzymes to offset some of these drawbacks have been described. We have been successful in producing conjugates of a number of different enzymes with a molar excess of homologous albumin. The resulting enzyme-albumin complex is resistant to proteolytic and heat inactivation and is apparently non-immunogenic. Using specific ligands crosslinked to the enzyme-albumin conjugate we have been able to target these conjugates to specific receptor sites and specific tissues. Ligands including cell surface-recognizing antibodies and hormones such as insulin have been used. These approaches offer new possibilities for the increased use of enzymes in medicine.
Nonconventional joint-transform correlator (1989)

A nonconventional joint-transform correlator (NJTC) is discussed. We show that the shift-invariant property of the usual joint-transform arrangement can be preserved. The advantages of the NJTC are the efficient use of the light source, the use of smaller transform lenses, higher correlation peaks, and a higher carrier fringe frequency.
Effect of Mixed Cecal Microflora Maintained in Continuous Culture and of Dietary Lactose on Salmonella typhimurium Colonization in Broiler Chicks (1993)

Mixed cecal microflora obtained from a mature chicken were maintained in vitro in continuous-flow (CF) culture. The effect of the CF culture and dietary lactose on Salmonella typhimurium cecal colonization in broiler chicks was evaluated. When averaged across four replicates, chicks treated with the culture alone (1.75 log10 decrease) or with 5% dietary lactose alone (2.98 log10 decrease) were protected against S. typhimurium. Optimum protection against S. typhimurium was observed when birds were treated with the culture in combination with dietary lactose (4.27 log10 decrease). Dietary lactose resulted in reduced cecal pH. A large increase in cecal propionic acid was observed in the birds given the CF culture. A significant correlation (P < 0.001) was observed between the cecal concentration of undissociated propionic acid and protection against S. typhimurium colonization (r = -0.78). The results indicated that indigenous cecal flora that protect against Salmonella colonization can be maintained without loss of efficacy in CF culture.
Potentiated Hsp104 variants suppress toxicity of diverse neurodegenerative disease-linked proteins (2014)

Protein misfolding is implicated in numerous lethal neurodegenerative disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Parkinson disease (PD). There are no therapies that reverse these protein-misfolding events. We aim to apply Hsp104, a hexameric AAA+ protein from yeast, to target misfolded conformers for reactivation. Hsp104 solubilizes disordered aggregates and amyloid, but has limited activity against human neurodegenerative disease proteins. Thus, we have previously engineered potentiated Hsp104 variants that suppress aggregation, proteotoxicity and restore proper protein localization of ALS and PD proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and mitigate neurodegeneration in an animal PD model. Here, we establish that potentiated Hsp104 variants possess broad substrate specificity and, in yeast, suppress toxicity and aggregation induced by wild-type TDP-43, FUS and α-synuclein, as well as missense mutant versions of these proteins that cause neurodegenerative disease. Potentiated Hsp104 variants also rescue toxicity and aggregation of TAF15 but not EWSR1, two RNA-binding proteins with a prion-like domain that are connected with the development of ALS and frontotemporal dementia. Thus, potentiated Hsp104 variants are not entirely non-specific. Indeed, they do not unfold just any natively folded protein. Rather, potentiated Hsp104 variants are finely tuned to unfold proteins bearing short unstructured tracts that are not recognized by wild-type Hsp104. Our studies establish the broad utility of potentiated Hsp104 variants.