gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tag read enhancement using unsynchronized signal from adjacent readers in multi-cell RFID system (2014)

This paper addresses the interference issue in a passive multi-cell radio frequency identification (RFID) system. Instead of considering the negative effect of interfering RF signals from adjacent readers, we investigate its constructive effect in providing extra RF power to tags in the cell of the desired reader system. Through detailed simulation and experimental analysis, it is found that the unsynchronised signal from neighbouring readers can be utilized to activate marginal tags through enhancing power delivery. This results in improved tag received signal strength indicator (RSSI). In addition, it is found that the overlap zone between two RFID cells is not as vulnerable to interference as one might think. In fact, the adjacent reader may facilitate the desired reader to read more tags in the overlapping zone, although a longer inventory period may be required. We believe these findings might provide a new insight into the interference effect on multi-cell RFID system and be applied to future medium access control (MAC) protocols.
Active compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (2000)

Despite the practice of standard closed-chest standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation for more than four decades, survival rates for patients in cardiac arrest remain dismally low. In recent years, several new cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) techniques and devices have been developed to improve upon the relative inefficiencies of standard CPR. One technique, active compression-decompression (ACD) CPR, is based upon the concept that lowering intrathoracic pressure during the CPR decompression phase enhances venous return by “priming the pump” for the next compression phase. ACD CPR can significantly improve short-and long-term survival rates over standard CPR if performed by well-trained rescue personnel. Building upon ACD CPR, an inspiratory impedance threshold valve has more recently been developed that further decreases decompression phase intrathoracic pressure. The ITV™ and ACD CPR in combination provide even greater benefit over standard CPR or ACD CPR alone. These devices are becoming more widely accepted and used.
Oncolytic Adenovirus Characterization: Activity and Immune Responses (2013)

Virotherapy in one of the main current applications of recombinant adenoviruses. Oncolytic adenovirus are designed to target tumors, replicate selectively in tumor cells, and elicit immune responses against tumor antigens. Transgene expression in replication-competent oncolytic vectors allows to explore multiple strategies to enhance the potential of virotherapy. In this chapter we describe common in vivo and in vitro techniques used to evaluate the potency and biodistribution of oncolytic viruses. Monitoring immune responses against viral and tumor antigens is crucial as the immune system determines the outcome of virotherapy.
A Novel Method of Combined Preconditioning and In Vivo Chemoselection Using 6-Thioguanine Alone Results in Highly Efficient Reconstitution of Normal Hematopoiesis with HPRT-Deficient Bone Marrow (2012)

Introduction: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a mainstay of treatment for hereditary disorders and lymphohematopoietic malignancies, and is the most commonly employed modality for ex vivo gene therapy. However, this procedure often entails myeloablative conditioning by irradiation and/or cytotoxic drugs which incur significant morbidity, and low engraftment rates frequently limit efficacy in the absence of a selective advantage that amplifies donor cells. Methods & Results: Here we tested a novel strategy for combined conditioning and chemoselection based on the fact that 6-thioguanine (6TG) myelotoxicity is dependent on its conversion to thioguanine nucleotide by hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT), and that HPRT-deficiency per se does not impair hematopoietic cell development or function. In a murine model of bone marrow (BM) transplantation, our initial results demonstrated that, at appropriate doses, 6TG induces selective myeloablation in HPRT-wild type (wt) recipients, without detectable adverse effects on extra-hematopoietic tissues. In contrast, HPRT-deficient donor mice were highly resistant to its cytotoxic effects, and transplantation of HPRT-deficient BM achieved rescue of HPRT-wt recipients from lethal hematopoietic failure. Using an optimized protocol, we tested 6TG as a single agent, both for myeloablative conditioning of 6TG-sensitive HPRT-wt recipients, and for in vivo chemoselection of 6TG-resistant HPRT-deficient donor BM after transplantation. Combined 6TG conditioning and chemoselection achieved highly efficient engraftment (˜95%) without significant toxicity and in the absence of any other cytotoxic conditioning regimen. Longterm reconstitution of histologically and immunophenotypically normal BM was achieved in primary and secondary recipients, indicating that 6TG selection amplified the self-renewing, pluripotent HSC population from HPRT-deficient donor BM. In current studies, we are testing lentiviral vector-mediated shRNA expression for knockdown of HPRT expression, in order to apply this combined 6TG conditioning and chemoselection procedure to transplantation of HPRT-wt donor-derived BM after genetic modification. Conclusion: Our results suggest that this protocol for highly efficient conditioning and in vivo chemoselection may be generally applicable as a strategy to improve HSCT engraftment efficiency and confer a selective advantage to genetically modified cells after ex vivo gene therapy.
Reduced plasma desmosterol‐to‐cholesterol ratio and longitudinal cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (2015)

Abstract Background We here examined whether plasma desmosterol‐to‐cholesterol ratio (DES/CHO) is decreased in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and investigated the association between plasma DES/CHO and longitudinal cognitive decline. Methods Plasma DES/CHO of AD patients and age‐matched controls in a Japanese cross‐sectional cohort was determined. Plasma DES/CHO at baseline and follow‐up visits was assessed in relation to cognitive decline in Japanese and Swedish longitudinal cohorts. Results Plasma DES/CHO was significantly reduced in Japanese AD patients and significantly correlated with Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. The longitudinal analysis revealed that plasma DES/CHO in AD patients shows a significant decrease at follow‐up intervals. The decline in plasma DES/CHO is larger in the AD group with rapid progression than in that with slow progression. The changes in plasma DES/CHO significantly correlated with changes in the MMSE score. Conclusion Plasma DES/CHO is decreased in AD patients and may serve as a longitudinal surrogate marker associated with cognitive decline.
Performance Comparison of Novel Surfactant-scCO2 Systems for Oil Recovery in High Salinity Carbonate Reservoirs (2016)

Abstract Recent work on CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery (CO 2EOR) has focused on the design of fluid systems that have the ability to overcome the deficiencies typically associated with CO2 injection. However, applicability remains a challenge due to the instability of the developed fluid systems at reservoir conditions. The objective of this work was to evaluate and compare novel surfactant-CO2 systems that improve oil recovery. For this purpose, multiple core-flooding experiments were conducted at high temperature (90°C) and high pressure (1800 psi) and in high saline conditions (TDS&gt;200,000 ppm) to mimic actual reservoir conditions. Three novel surfactant solutions (an amphoteric fluoro-surfactant, a hydrocarbon surfactant and a visco-elastic surfactant) were co-injected with sc-CO2 in foot long carbonate cores to compare their stability and effectiveness in incremental oil recovery. Interfacial Tension (IFT) experiments were also performed with the most performant surfactant at the same conditions and surfactant concentration to further highlight its contribution in increasing oil recovery. Results from this comparative core-flooding study clearly demonstrate that when combined with sc-CO2, the fluoro-surfactant provided a much higher oil recovery than the hydrocarbon or the visco-elastic surfactant (6-9% increase). The pressure difference between the outlet and inlet of the core (ΔP) during flooding was also much higher for the fluoro-surfactant system indicating possible foam generation. The use of surfactants with CO2 also delayed the breakthrough of CO2 which allowed for longer contact between the oil and CO2. IFT results also showed a significant drop in interfacial tension between reservoir oil and the injected fluid after adding the fluoro-surfactant. This work provides a novel option for surfactant-scCO2 flooding that overcomes the shortcomings of CO2 gas injection leading to an increase in total oil recovery. The fluoro-surfactant performs exceptionally well even at the very low concentration used in this study which also reduces the overall cost of the design.
Oral vaccination of mice with human papillomavirus virus-like particles induces systemic virus-neutralizing antibodies (1999)

To assess whether oral vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) may be feasible, we administered HPV virus-like particles (VLPs) to mice by gavage. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results indicated that serum anti-VLP immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibodies were induced after oral vaccination, and these responses demonstrated antigenic specificities that were conformationally dependent and restricted according to HPV genotype. Importantly, orally induced postimmune sera were found to neutralize HPV-11 virions in vitro. These results indicated that the VLPs were antigenically stable in the environment of the gastrointestinal tract and were able to engage in potentially useful immune system interactions. These findings support the concept of oral vaccination against anogenital HPV disease, and suggest the possibility that this may be a useful approach to the immunization of large populations against cervical cancer and other HPV associated diseases.
Diagnosis and Complications of Cushing’s Syndrome: A Consensus Statement (2003)

In October 2002, a workshop was held in Ancona, Italy, to reach a Consensus on the management of Cushing's syndrome. The workshop was organized by the University of Ancona and sponsored by the Pituitary Society, the European Neuroendocrine Association, and the Italian Society of Endocrinology. Invited international participants included almost 50 leading endocrinologists with specific expertise in the management of Cushing's syndrome. The consensus statement on diagnostic criteria and the diagnosis and treatment of complications of this syndrome reached at the workshop is hereby summarized.
Two-dimensional surface river flow patterns measured with paired riversondes (2007)

Two RiverSondes were operated simultaneously in close proximity in order to provide a two-dimensional map of river surface velocity. The initial test was carried out at Threemile Slough in central California. The two radars were installed about 135 m apart on the same bank of the channel. Each radar used a 3-yagi antenna array and determined signal directions using direction finding. The slough is approximately 200 m wide, and each radar processed data out to about 300 m, with a range resolution of 15 m and an angular resolution of 1 degree. Overlapping radial vector data from the two radars were combined to produce total current vectors at a grid spacing of 10 m, with updates every 5 minutes. The river flow in the region, which has a maximum velocity of about 0.8 m/s, is tidally driven with flow reversals every 6 hours, and complex flow patterns were seen during flow reversal. The system performed well with minimal mutual interference. The ability to provide continuous, non-contact two-dimensional river surface flow measurements will be useful in several unique settings, such as studies of flow at river junctions where impacts to juvenile fish migration are significant. Additional field experiments are planned this year on the Sacramento River.
Di‐ and Trinuclear [70]Fullerene Complexes: Syntheses and Metal–Metal Electronic Interactions (2009)

Buckyballs mit Spikes: [70]Fulleren wurde in die Zwei- und Dreikernkomplexe [M2(C70Ar6)Cp2], [M2(C70Ar7H)Cp2] und [M3(C70Ar7)Cp3] überführt (M=Fe, Ru; Ar=Aryl; Cp=C5H5; siehe Bild: M violett, C rosa, blau, grau), in denen die Metallatome über das π-konjugierte System des Fullerens elektronisch wechselwirken. Die Komplexe sollten sich wegen ihrer Strukturen und elektrochemischen Eigenschaften für den Einsatz in der molekularen Elektronik eignen. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Synthesis and Characterization of the in Situ Bulk Polymerization of PMMA Containing Graphene Sheets Using Microwave Irradiation (2013)

Polymethylmethacrylate-graphene (PMMA/RGO) nanocomposites were prepared via in situ bulk polymerization using two different preparation techniques. In the first approach, a mixture of graphite oxide (GO) and methylmethacrylate monomers (MMA) were polymerized using a bulk polymerization method with a free radical initiator. After the addition of the reducing agent hydrazine hydrate (HH), the product was reduced via microwave irradiation (MWI) to obtain R-(GO-PMMA) composites. In the second approach, a mixture of graphite sheets (RGO) and MMA monomers were polymerized using a bulk polymerization method with a free radical initiator to obtain RGO-(PMMA) composites. The composites were characterized by FTIR, (1)H-NMR and Raman spectroscopy and XRD, SEM, TEM, TGA and DSC. The results indicate that the composite obtained using the first approach, which involved MWI, had a better morphology and dispersion with enhanced thermal stability compared with the composites prepared without MWI.
In vitro hematocrit measurement using spectrally encoded flow cytometry (2016)

Measuring key physiological parameters of small blood samples extracted from patients could be useful for real-time clinical diagnosis at the point of care. An important parameter required from all blood tests is the blood hematocrit, a measure of the fractional volume occupied by the red cells within the blood. In this work, we present a method for <i>in vitro</i> evaluation of hematocrit based on the data acquired using spectrally encoded flow cytometry. Analysis of the reflectance confocal images of blood within a flow chamber resulted in an error as low as 1.7% in the measured hematocrit. The technique could be used as part of an <i>in vitro</i> diagnostic system that measures important blood parameters at the point of care.
Reel-Lay Installation Approaches for Mechanically Lined Pipes (2016)

Abstract An increasing demand for subsea transport of corrosive constituents has generated interest in bi-metal pipes, which are made of a carbon steel pipe lined with corrosion resistant alloy (CRA). The CRA layer can be adhered to the backing steel pipe by either metallurgical or mechanical means. Reel-lay is an efficient installation method for subsea pipelines but induces plastic straining that may trigger wrinkling of the CRA liner in mechanically lined pipe (MLP), if reeling is not properly managed. Therefore, a suite of installation approaches has been qualified to enable safe reeling of MLPs. To provide evidence that a high fatigue performance can be achieved by reeled MLPs, a series of qualification tests has been undertaken. Finally, a thorough industrialisation of MLP manufacturing processes has been completed to ensure that defect-free MLPs can be manufactured in large quantities.
Mise-Unseen (2019)

Creating or arranging objects at runtime is needed in many virtual reality applications, but such changes are noticed when they occur inside the user's field of view. We present Mise-Unseen, a software system that applies such scene changes covertly inside the user's field of view. Mise-Unseen leverages gaze tracking to create models of user attention, intention, and spatial memory to determine if and when to inject a change. We present seven applications of Mise-Unseen to unnoticeably modify the scene within view (i) to hide that task difficulty is adapted to the user, (ii) to adapt the experience to the user's preferences, (iii) to time the use of low fidelity effects, (iv) to detect user choice for passive haptics even when lacking physical props, (v) to sustain physical locomotion despite a lack of physical space, (vi) to reduce motion sickness during virtual locomotion, and (vii) to verify user understanding during story progression. We evaluated Mise-Unseen and our applications in a user study with 15 participants and find that while gaze data indeed supports obfuscating changes inside the field of view, a change is rendered unnoticeably by using gaze in combination with common masking techniques.
Abstract #5480: Antibody-maytansinoid conjugates with hydrophilic linkers: cytotoxic therapeutics with enhanced potency against cancer cells with low antigen number and multidrug resistance (2009)

Conjugates of antibodies with maytansinoid cytotoxic agents are currently in clinical trials for various cancers. These \#8220;standard\#8221; antibody-maytansinoid conjugates (AMCs) are prepared by the modification of lysine residues in the antibody to incorporate approximately 4 maytansinoid (DMx) molecules per antibody (Ab) using either a hindered disulfide or a non-reducible linkage. Upon binding to the target antigen, the conjugate is internalized into the cancer cell and its antibody component is processed, thereby releasing the maytansinoid. It, in turn, inhibits microtubule function and results in cell death. Here we report on a new class of linkers - hydrophilic linkers - that enable the formation of antibody-maytansinoid conjugates with increased DMx/Ab loads compared to standard 4 DMx/Ab AMCs. These new hydrophilic linkers can employ either disulfide or non-reducible linkages, and are able to achieve high DMx/Ab loads (6-8 DMx/Ab) without compromising conjugate biochemical characteristics. High DMx/Ab load conjugates with these hydrophilic linkers were found to have 8-to-100-fold greater cytotoxic potency against cancer cells with low expression of the target antigen than standard AMCs in in vitro studies. One AMC high DMx/Ab-load design studied consisted of a hydrophilic linker containing four ethylene glycol units (PEG 4 -linker) incorporating a non-reducible bond. AMC conjugates (7 DMx/Ab) with this design showed desirable pharmacokinetic properties in CD-1 mice, similar to the findings with standard AMCs containing a non-reducible linker. However, plasma samples from mice dosed with these high DMx/Ab-load PEG 4 -linker conjugates were found to demonstrate 10-fold greater cytotoxic bioactivity in vitro against an antigen-expressing human cancer cell line than standard AMCs. Additionally, the tolerability of a high DMx/Ab-load (6 DMx/Ab) PEG 4 -linker conjugate in CD-1 mice was found to be comparable to that of a standard AMC when normalized for DMx dose. Of particular importance, AMCs made with the hydrophilic non-reducible PEG 4 linker showed greater cytotoxic activity than standard AMCs toward multi-drug resistant (MDR) cancer cells in vitro at both high DMx/Ab loads or the same load (4 DMx/Ab) as the standard AMC. Additional hydrophilic linkers have been developed with either a disulfide or non-reducible bond, using the design that incorporates the polar sulfonate group. These sulfonate linker AMCs also were found to be highly potent toward cancer cells with low antigen number, as well as against MDR cancer cells in vitro and in an MDR-xenograft model in vivo . These new linkers further expand the potential utility of AMCs for treatment of MDR cancers and those with low expression of the target antigen. Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 5480.
Odds Ratio Product of Sleep EEG as a Continuous Measure of Sleep State (2015)

Our results support the use of the odds ratio product (ORP) as a continuous measure of sleep depth.
Exact evaluation of memory size for multi-dimensional signal processing systems (1993)

Memory cost is typically responsible for up to 80% of the chip and/or board area of most video and image processing system realizations. We present a novel technique - founded on data-flow analysis - which allows us to address the problem of background memory size evolution for a given nonprocedural algorithm specification. Usually, the number of signal instances is huge, so a new data-flow model grouping scalar signals in so-called basic sets is proposed. The method also incorporates a way to trade-off memory size with computational and controller complexity.
Silicon Carbide‐Coated Boron Fibers (1989)

A study of a silicon carbide‐coated boron fiber showed that it retained its room‐temperature strength after being heated to 1000°C for 24 h in air. This fiber was consolidated successfully in a titanium matrix at 930°C without degradation, although previous results with another silicon carbide‐coated boron fiber indicated that there might be a reaction problem at this temperature.
Mechanism of Inactivation of Ornithine Aminotransferase by (1<i>S</i>,3<i>S</i>)-3-Amino-4-(hexafluoropropan-2-ylidenyl)cyclopentane-1-carboxylic Acid (2019)

The inhibition of ornithine aminotransferase (OAT), a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent enzyme, has been implicated as a treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common form of liver cancer, for which there is no effective treatment. From a previous evaluation of our aminotransferase inhibitors, (1<i>S</i>,3<i>S</i>)-3-amino-4-(perfluoropropan-2-ylidene)cyclopentane-1-carboxylic acid hydrochloride (<b>1</b>) was found to be a selective and potent inactivator of human OAT (<i>h</i>OAT), which inhibited the growth of HCC in athymic mice implanted with human-derived HCC, even at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg. Currently, investigational new drug (IND)-enabling studies with <b>1</b> are underway. The inactivation mechanism of <b>1</b>, however, has proved to be elusive. Here we propose three possible mechanisms, based on mechanisms of known aminotransferase inactivators: Michael addition, enamine addition, and fluoride ion elimination followed by conjugate addition. On the basis of crystallography and intact protein mass spectrometry, it was determined that <b>1</b> inactivates <i>h</i>OAT through fluoride ion elimination to an activated 1,1'-difluoroolefin, followed by conjugate addition and hydrolysis. This result was confirmed with additional studies, including the detection of the cofactor structure by mass spectrometry and through the identification of turnover metabolites. On the basis of this inactivation mechanism and to provide further evidence for the mechanism, analogues of <b>1</b> (<b>19</b>, <b>20</b>) were designed, synthesized, and demonstrated to have the predicted selective inactivation mechanism. These analogues highlight the importance of the trifluoromethyl group and provide a basis for future inactivator design.