gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structured noise in computed tomography: Effects of periodic error sources (1982)

The artifact in computed tomography (CT) images due to cyclic projection errors, such as errors due to periodic fluctuations in x-ray intensity, is derived and verified by computer simulation. Depending upon the relative phase of the error between projections, the artifact is shown to be described by a Bessel function (or functions) of the radial argument which is sinusoidally modulated as a function of angle. Because of the nature of Bessel functions, the artifact is essentially zero up to some minimum radius. When the effects of sampling are neglected, a single fundamental artifact is shown to occur. In fourth-generation scanners, the fundamental artifact (neglecting sampling) will occur at a detector fan angle of about about 39 degrees (depending on the ratio of the axis-to-detector, source-to-axis distances). The radius of appearance of this fundamental artifact is independent of the frequency of the periodic error signal and will only be visible in fourth-generation CT scanners with detector fan angles greater than about 39 degrees. The effects of sampling are derived and illustrated by simulation for first-, third-, and fourth-generation CT-scanner geometries. It is shown that the effect of sampling is to cause an infinite number of such artifacts to be superimposed in the final image. The radius of appearance of all but the fundamental artifact are shown to be dependent on the frequency of the periodic signal. It is shown that by judicious choice of the sampling parameters relative to the frequency of the periodic error, the artifact can be effectively eliminated.
CASE data interchange format (CDIF) standards: introduction and evaluation (2002)

Mechanisms for integrating CASE tools are reported, and players in CASE standards development are identified. The author provides a detailed review of the CASE data interchange format (CDIF), one of the most mature CASE standards, and compares it with other relevant CASE standards. Issues involved in adopting CDIF are presented. The current status and future development of CDIF are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Chromosome-mediated and direct gene transfers in wheat (1999)

Wild grasses, including relatives of wheat, have several desirable characters that can be introduced into both bread wheat and durum wheat. Since current wheat cultivars lack certain traits, for example, resistance to fusarium head blight (scab), related wild grasses may be the only option for useful variability. Wide hybridization of wheat with grasses, coupled with cytogenetic manipulation of the hybrid material, has been instrumental in the genetic improvement of wheat. Chromosome engineering methodologies, based on the manipulation of pairing control mechanisms and induced translocations, have been employed to transfer into wheat specific disease and pest resistance genes from annual (e.g., rye) or perennial (e.g., Thinopyrum spp., Lophopyrum spp., and Agropyron spp.) members of the wheat tribe, Triticeae. The advent of in situ hybridization techniques, for example, fluorescent GISH combined with Giemsa C-banding, has proved immensely useful in characterizing alien chromatin specifying resistance to various pathogens and pests. The use of DNA markers (RAPDs and RFLPs) helps to identify desirable genotypes more precisely and, thereby, facilitates gene transfer into wheat. Such markers may be particularly helpful in monitoring the introgression of alien genes in the wheat genome. In fact, several cultivars, particularly of bread wheat, contain superior traits of alien origin. The development of novel gene-transfer techniques in the past decade that allow direct delivery of DNA into regenerable embryogenic callus of wheat has opened up new avenues of alien-gene transfer into wheat cultivars. Thus, transgenic bread and durum wheats have been produced and methods of gene delivery standardized. The application of transgenic technology has not only yielded herbicide-resistant wheats, but has also helped to improve grain quality by modifying the protein and starch profiles of the grain. These in vitro approaches to gene transfer are developing rapidly, and promise to become an integral part of plant breeding efforts. However, the new biotechnological tools will complement, not replace, conventional plant breeding.Key words: alien-gene transfer, fluorescent GISH, Giemsa banding, homoeologous chromosome pairing, molecular markers, transgenic bread wheat, transgenic durum wheat.
Efficient Kernel Machines Using the Improved Fast Gauss Transform (2004)

The computation required for kernel machines with N training samples is O(N ). Such computational complexity is significant even for moderate size problems and is prohibitive for large datasets. We present an approximation technique based on the improved fast Gauss transform to reduce the computation to O(N). We also give an error bound for the approximation, and provide experimental results on the UCI datasets.
[Carcinogenicity of glass fibers of different stability]. (1990)

A new type of fibrous glass showing a low durability in the body was injected intraperitoneally into rats. In the range of the doses applied (up to 10(9) of a thinner product and up to 0.24 x 10(9) of a thicker product) a carcinogenicity was not detected; in contrast, durable glass fibres induced tumours. It is recommended to use mineral fibres with low durability as far as possible.
Comparison of the mechanism of induction of apoptosis in ovarian carcinoma cells by the conformationally restricted synthetic retinoids CD437 and 4‐HPR (2003)

All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) has been shown to inhibit the growth of a number of ovarian tumor cell lines while others have been found to be resistant to retinoid suppression of growth. Interestingly, two synthetic retinoids, CD437 and 4-HPR, inhibit the growth of both ATRA-sensitive (CA-OV-3) and ATRA-resistant (SK-OV-3) ovarian tumor cells. However, in contrast to ATRA, both induce apoptosis. Our goal was to elucidate the mechanism by which these two synthetic retinoids induce apoptosis in ovarian tumor cells. Since it has been documented that apoptosis induction is often mediated by the activation of a cascade of proteases known as caspases, we initially studied the role of caspases in induction of apoptosis by CD437 and 4-HPR. We found that both retinoids induced caspase-3 and caspase-9 enzyme activity. Furthermore, using caspase specific inhibitors we determined that caspase-3 and caspase-9 activity was essential for the induction of apoptosis by these synthetic retinoids since these inhibitors completely blocked CD437 and 4-HPR induced apoptosis. Interestingly, we found that treatment with bongkriekic acid (BA), a mitochondrial membrane depolarization inhibitor, blocked apoptosis, caspase-9 activation and caspase-3 activation induced by both retinoids. Finally, we were able to determine that CD437 treatment induced the translocation of TR3, a nuclear orphan receptor, whereas, 4-HPR did not. Our results suggest that CD437 and 4-HPR initially activate separate pathways to induce mitochondrial depolarization but both utilize mitochondrial depolarization, caspase-9 activation, and caspase-3 activation in the later stages of apoptosis induction.
Premarin stimulates estrogen receptor-α to protect against traumatic brain injury in male rats* (2009)

Our results indicate that pharmacologic levels of Premarin therapy-induced estradiol protect against cortical and hippocampal programmed cell death after fluid percussion injury through mechanisms stimulating estrogen receptor-alpha in the male rats.
Enterprise energy consumption process simulation method for energy efficiency evaluation (2008)

To conduct qualitative and quantitative analysis of enterprise energy consumption,according to the concurrent,serial and regurgitation characteristics of enterprise energy consumption process with multi-set,multi-process and multi-stage,fuzzy extended Petri nets model oriented to enterprise energy consumption process was studied.Conflicts existing in the model were analyzed in depth and the conflicts resolving strategies were also discussed.Then,a solution to simulate the enterprise energy consumption process based on the presented model was proposed.Implementations of simulation model and simulation algorithm were given in detail.Simulation example showed that this method could simulate the dynamic behavior of enterprise energy consumption,and provided data of direct and indirect energy consumption for enterprises.It was a feasible way for enterprise energy efficiency evaluation.
Factor VIII-von Willebrand Factor Complex Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis and Controls Cell Survival (2009)

Factor VIII-von Willebrand factor (FVIII.vWF) complex, a molecule involved in coagulation, can be physically associated with osteoprotegerin (OPG). OPG is an anti-osteoclastic protein and a soluble receptor for the proapoptotic protein TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand), suggesting a potential role of FVIII.vWF complex in bone and cancer biology. We, thus, assessed the effects of FVIII.vWF complex on osteoclastogenesis and cell survival. We first evidenced that FVIII.vWF complex inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and enhanced the inhibitory effect of OPG. Interestingly, we revealed by surface plasmon resonance that FVIII.vWF complex bound to RANKL, whereas recombinant FVIII and vWF did not. By modeling, we showed that the OPG binding domain to the A1 domain of vWF was closely located and partially overlapped to its binding site to RANKL. Then, we demonstrated that FVIII.vWF complex cancelled the inhibitory activity of OPG on TRAIL-induced apoptosis and characterized interactions between these molecules. The present work evidenced a direct activity of FVIII.vWF complex on osteoclasts and on induced cell apoptosis, pointing out its potential involvement in physiological bone remodeling or in bone damages associated with severe hemophilia and cancer development.
Inhibition of Tyrosinase Activity by N,N-Unsubstituted Selenourea Derivatives (2005)

This study investigated inhibitory effects of N,N-unsubstituted selenourea derivatives on tyrosinase activity. Three types of N,N-unsubstituted selenoureas derivatives exhibited inhibitory effect on dopa (3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) oxidase activity of mushroom tyrosinase. Compound D at a concentration of 200 microM exhibited 55.5% of inhibition on dopa oxidase activity of mushroom tyrosinase. This inhibitory effect was higher than that of kojic acid (39.4%), a well known tyrosinase inhibitor. Moreover, the compound D identified as a noncompetitive inhibitor by Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis. In addition, compound D also inhibited the melanin production in melan-a cells.
Life with COVID-19: Learning to “Breeze in and Breeze out” in Japan (2021)

N/A
Multi-query optimization in MapReduce framework (2013)

MapReduce has recently emerged as a new paradigm for large-scale data analysis due to its high scalability, fine-grained fault tolerance and easy programming model. Since different jobs often share similar work (e.g., several jobs scan the same input file or produce the same map output), there are many opportunities to optimize the performance for a batch of jobs. In this paper, we propose two new techniques for multi-job optimization in the MapReduce framework. The first is a generalized grouping technique (which generalizes the recently proposed MRShare technique) that merges multiple jobs into a single job thereby enabling the merged jobs to share both the scan of the input file as well as the communication of the common map output. The second is a materialization technique that enables multiple jobs to share both the scan of the input file as well as the communication of the common map output via partial materialization of the map output of some jobs (in the map and/or reduce phase). Our second contribution is the proposal of a new optimization algorithm that given an input batch of jobs, produces an optimal plan by a judicious partitioning of the jobs into groups and an optimal assignment of the processing technique to each group. Our experimental results on Hadoop demonstrate that our new approach significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art technique, MRShare, by up to 107%.
DNA Three-Way Junction with a Dinuclear Iron(II) Supramolecular Helicate at the Center:  A NMR Structural Study (2007)

A tetracationic supramolecular helicate, [Fe2L3]4+ (L = C25H20N4), with a triple-helical architecture is found to induce the formation of a three-way junction (3WJ) of deoxyribonucleotides with the helicate located in the center of the junction. NMR spectroscopic studies of the interaction between the M enantiomer of the helicate and two different oligonucleotides, [5'-d(TATGGTACCATA)]2 and [5'-d(CGTACG)]2, show that, in each case, the 2-fold symmetry of the helicate is lifted, while the 3-fold symmetry around the helicate axis is retained. The 1:3 helicate/DNA stoichiometry estimated from 1D NMR spectra supports a molecular model of a three-way junction composed of three strands. Three separate double-helical arms of the three-way junction are chemically identical giving rise to one set of proton resonances. The NOE contacts between the helicate and DNA unambiguously show that the helicate is fitted into the center of the three-way junction experiencing a hydrophobic 3-fold symmetric environment. Close stacking interactions between the ligand phenyl groups and the nucleotide bases are demonstrated through unusually large downfield shifts (1-2 ppm) of the phenyl protons. The unprecedented 3WJ arrangement observed in solution has also been found to exist in the crystal structure of the helicate adduct of [d(CGTACG)2] (Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2006, 45, 1227).
AWARENESS AND WORKFLOW BASED COORDINATION OF NETWORKED CO-OPERATIONS IN STRUCTURAL DESIGN (2006)

SUMMARY: Modern engineering projects in the application domain of structural design are organized as networked co-operations due to permanently enlarged competition pressure and a high degree of complexity while performing concurrent design activities. One of the major challenges of these networked co-operations constitutes the coordination of the activities of all involved participants. Recent off-the-shelf software systems, however, fail for coordinating these complex activities in this area. In the course of our research activities, we have developed two different directions for coordinating such projects: (1) a workflow-based concept regulating the activities by a global workflow model (University of Bochum) and (2) an awareness model that allows to perceive activities of other partners and to derive new activities mentally (University of Bonn). This paper describes a novel integration approach of these two models: according to the global workflow model, users can be informed such that they are enabled to detect potential inconsistencies while modeling activities at an early stage.
The Use of Synthetic Mesh in Reconstructive, Revision, and Cosmetic Breast Surgery (2013)

The long-term absorbable synthetic matrix, TIGR(®) Matrix Surgical Mesh, shows potential when used as temporary reinforcement in patients undergoing breast reconstruction or breast surgery revisions and in primary aesthetic procedures, and it appears to be a viable alternative to the use of acellular dermal matrices.
Commento all'art. 4 della legge "La Loggia" (2004)

L'Autore sottolinea il contenuto restrittivo della formula con cui il legislatore delega all'esecutivo il compito non già di "stabilire", ma, più semplicemente, di "individuare", ai sensi dell'art. 117, comma 2, lett. p), Cost. le funzioni fondamentali essenziali per il funzionamneto di Comuni, Province e Città metropolitane e per il soddiosfacimento dei bisogni primari delle comunità di riferimento.
The Contrived Mutant p53 Oncogene – Beyond Loss of Functions (2015)

Mutations in p53 are almost synonymous with cancer - be it susceptibility to the disease or response to treatment - and therefore, are a critical determinant of overall survival. As most of these mutations occur in the DNA-binding domain of p53, many of the clinical correlations with mutant p53 have been initially relegated to the loss of its transcription-dependent activities as a tumor suppressor. However, significant efforts over the last two decades have led to the vast knowledge on the potential functions of the mutated p53 protein, which have been attributed to the physical presence of the mutant protein rather than the loss of its wild-type (WT) functions. Beyond the inhibitory effects of mutant p53 on the remaining WT protein that leads to the dominant-negative effect in the heterozygous state, mutant p53's presence has also been significantly attributed to novel gain-of-functions that lead to addiction of cancer cells to its presence for survival, as well as for their ability to invade and metastasize, elevating it to a contrived oncogene that drives the cancer cells forward. This review will summarize the functional consequences of the presence of mutant p53 protein on cellular and organismal physiology.
Corrosion under insulation rate prediction model for piping by two stages of artificial neural network (2018)

This work proposes an improved quantitative prediction model for corrosion under insulation (CUI) for oil and gas piping in equatorial climate zone, using real-world data and integrated with experimental work using modified two stages of Artificial Neural Network. Investigation into the effect of single type of data source and different type of fitting line analysis on the final CUI model are also discussed with the goal for Risk Based Inspection (RBI) to be more effective. Results from the CUI prediction model exhibits high R2 of 0.9919 and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 0.0087.
INOVAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA NA GESTÃO AMBIENTAL (2013)

a cada dia torna-se mais frequente a preocupacao com o meio ambiente e todos nele inseridos. Em relacao ao papel das empresas nesse contexto, a gestao ambiental visa melhorar e manter a qualidade do meio ambiente tendo em vista ainda o uso indevido dos recursos naturais por algumas empresas e pela sociedade. Nesse sentido, este trabalho apresenta como objetivo propor um modelo teorico de empresa inovadora e ambientalmente sustentavel, baseando-se nas premissas da inovacao tecnologica e da gestao ambiental, para a definicao do negocio. O residuo orgânico presente nos lixos residenciais e industriais e responsavel por ocupar grande parte dos espacos disponibilizados nos aterros sanitarios e tambem por contaminar a area em que esse material se encontra. Pensando nesse problema, constatou-se que com uso da inovacao tecnologica e o desenvolvimento da biotecnologia se faz possivel a transformacao desses residuos orgânicos em adubo orgânico. Com isso atraves de pesquisas realizadas sobre esse mercado e o seu processo produtivo chegou-se a conclusao do projeto em questao, ficando claro que o adubo orgânico podera substituir ou auxiliar no uso de outros tipos de fertilizantes, colaborando para a sustentabilidade do meio ambiente e reutilizacao dos materiais.
Focal cortical dysplasias in autism spectrum disorders (2013)

The neuropathology is consistent with a diagnosis of focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). Results from the medical literature (e.g., heterotopias) and our own study suggest that the genesis of this cortical malformation seemingly resides in the heterochronic divisions of periventricular germinal cells. The end result is that during corticogenesis radially migrating neuroblasts (future pyramidal cells) are desynchronized in their development from those that follow a tangential route (interneurons). The possible presence of a pathological mechanism in common among different conditions expressing an autism-like phenotype argue in favor of considering ASD a "sequence" rather than a syndrome. Focal cortical dysplasias in ASD may serve to explain the high prevalence of seizures and sensory abnormalities in this patient population.
Ferrate(VI) Oxidation of Thiourea (1999)

The rates of thiourea oxidation with Fe(VI) were determined as a function of pH (8.8−11.5) and temperature (10−35 °C). The rate law for the oxidation of thiourea was found to be −d[Fe(VI)]/dt = k0{[H+]/[H+]+K9)}[Fe(VI)][thiourea] where k0 = 5.9 × 104 M-1 s-1, pK9 = 7.8. The activation energy, ΔE≠, obtained was 32.2 ± 1.8 kJ mol-1. The rate constant for the reaction of Fe(VI) with the thiourea radical was determined by using a premix pulse radiolysis technique and was found to be 8.5 × 108 M-1 s-1 at pH = 9.0. The stoichiometric ratio of Fe(VI) and thiourea was found to be 1:0.38 ± 0.02 at pH = 9.0. Sulfate and urea were identified as the products of the reaction. Tests were conducted on the oxidative destruction of thiourea by Fe(VI) in synthetic boiler chemical cleaning wastes (BCCW) and are discussed.
Anomaly detection using digital signature of network segment with adaptive ARIMA model and Paraconsistent Logic (2014)

Detecting anomalies accurately in network traffic behavior is essential for a variety of network management and security tasks. This paper presents an anomaly detection approach employing Digital Signature of Network Segment using Flow Analysis (DSNSF), generated with an ARIMA model. Also, a functional algorithm based on a non-classical logic called Paraconsistent Logic is proposed aiming to avoid high false alarms rates. The key idea of the proposed approach is to characterize the normal behavior of network traffic and then identify the traffic patterns behavior that might harm networks services. Experimental results on a real network demonstrate the effectiveness the proposed approach. The results are promising, showing that the flow analysis performed is able to detect anomalous traffic with precision, sensitivity and good performance.
Hybridchain: A Novel Architecture for Confidentiality-Preserving and Performant Permissioned Blockchain Using Trusted Execution Environment (2020)

Blockchain is making headlines due to it promises to provide a decentralized, transparent, tamper-resistant, traceable and verifiable historical transaction records that can resist faults of any single node. According to the latest data from State of the Dapps, developers have currently released 3,717 Decentralized Applications (DApps), only three have an average of more than 10,000 daily active users. Most of the real-world DApps exercise little of their potential power. The key reason is that the current permissioned blockchain systems suffer from poor performance and lack of confidentiality. To address this issue, we present Hybridchain, a system that combines blockchain with Trusted Execution Environment (TEE). Hybridchain decouples computation from consensus and adopts hierarchical network to minimize the computational burden and latency of on-chain execution by performing most of the heavy-weight computation off-chain. Hybridchain leverages secure communication protocols to enable each participant to share transaction data in a secure way. To mitigate the small enclave memory restriction of TEE, Hybridchain extends the enclave memory that allows blockchain applications running in TEE to securely store transaction records to the whole key-value storage codes placed outside of TEE. Analysis and experiments of sealed-bid auction show that Hybridchain can support confidentiality-preserving along with high performance.
Zinc Supplementation in Malnourished Children With Persistent Diarrhea in Pakistan (1999)

Although there was satisfactory recovery in malnourished children with persistent diarrhea receiving the Khitchri-yogurt diet, there was no evidence of improved weight gain or acceleration of recovery from diarrhea with zinc supplementation. In contrast, the reduction in plasma copper levels in zinc-supplemented malnourished children suggests that caution should be exercised in supplementing severely malnourished children with zinc alone.