gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Alkenylboronate Tethered Intramolecular Diels−Alder Reactions (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTAlkenylboronate Tethered Intramolecular Diels−Alder ReactionsRobert A. Batey, Avinash N. Thadani, and Alan J. LoughView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 2, 450–451Publication Date (Web):December 23, 1998Publication History Received5 August 1998Published online23 December 1998Published inissue 1 January 1999https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9828004Copyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1627Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (94 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (4)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Addition reactions,Chemical reactions,Cyclization,Organic compounds,Precursors Get e-Alerts
Light-Responsive Janus-Particle-Based Coatings for Cell Capture and Release (2017)

A robust light-responsive coating based on Janus composite particles is achieved. First, strawberry-like silica Janus particles are synthesized by the sol-gel process at a patchy emulsion interface. One side of the silica Janus particles possesses nanoscale roughness, and the other side is flat. Then, spiropyran-containing polymer brushes are grafted onto the coarse hemispherical side of the as-synthesized Janus particles, and the other flat side is modified with imidazoline groups. The light-responsive polymer brush-terminated coarse hemispherical sides direct toward the air when the Janus composite particles self-organize into a layer on the surface of epoxy resin substrate. The imidazoline groups react with the epoxy groups in the epoxy resin to form a robust smart coating. The coating can be reversibly triggered between hydrophobic and hydrophilic by UV and visible-light irradiation, which is attributed to the isomerization of spiropyran moieties. When the hydrophobic ring-closed spiropyran form is prominent, HeLa cells can be effectively captured onto the coating. After UV light irradiation, the ring-closed spiropyran form changes to the hydrophilic ring-opened zwitterionic merocyanine form, and then the captured cells are released. This work shows promising potential for engineering advanced smart biointerfaces.
Aluminum Nitride Lamb Wave Delay Lines With Sub-6 dB Insertion Loss (2019)

We present a group of low-loss Lamb mode acoustic delay lines in an aluminum nitride (AlN) thin film. The low-loss acoustic delay lines are enabled by the thickness-field-excited single-phase unidirectional transducers. The fabricated miniature acoustic delay lines show a fractional bandwidth of 4.5%, a minimum insertion loss of 5.9 dB, outperforming the previously reported aluminum nitride delay platforms. The demonstrated delay ranges from 105 ns to 165 ns with center frequencies from 175 MHz to 255 MHz. The design approach and the significantly lower insertion loss described herein are expected to open new horizons for hybridized signal processing based on AlN and CMOS. [2019-0094]
Application of a Prechirp Technique to 10-Gb/s Transmission at 1064 nm Through 24 km of Photonic Crystal Fiber (2006)

The prechirp effect on 10-Gb/s transmission in the 1000-nm band over photonic crystal fiber (PCF) was investigated both experimentally and theoretically. We performed transmission experiments using a 24-km-long PCF whose optical loss and chromatic dispersion were 0.94 dB/km and -20 ps/nm/km at 1064 nm, respectively. We confirmed an improvement in the bit-error-rate performance after the transmission, namely a "negative power penalty" of about -0.5 dB. Our experimental result and theoretical estimation revealed that the signal degradation induced by the chromatic dispersion can be effectively suppressed by employing the prechirp technique with a conventional Z-cut lithium niobate modulator
Novel classes of non-coding RNAs and cancer (2012)

For the many years, the central dogma of molecular biology has been that RNA functions mainly as an informational intermediate between a DNA sequence and its encoded protein. But one of the great surprises of modern biology was the discovery that protein-coding genes represent less than 2% of the total genome sequence, and subsequently the fact that at least 90% of the human genome is actively transcribed. Thus, the human transcriptome was found to be more complex than a collection of protein-coding genes and their splice variants. Although initially argued to be spurious transcriptional noise or accumulated evolutionary debris arising from the early assembly of genes and/or the insertion of mobile genetic elements, recent evidence suggests that the non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) may play major biological roles in cellular development, physiology and pathologies. NcRNAs could be grouped into two major classes based on the transcript size; small ncRNAs and long ncRNAs. Each of these classes can be further divided, whereas novel subclasses are still being discovered and characterized. Although, in the last years, small ncRNAs called microRNAs were studied most frequently with more than ten thousand hits at PubMed database, recently, evidence has begun to accumulate describing the molecular mechanisms by which a wide range of novel RNA species function, providing insight into their functional roles in cellular biology and in human disease. In this review, we summarize newly discovered classes of ncRNAs, and highlight their functioning in cancer biology and potential usage as biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
ClpP participates in the degradation of misfolded protein in <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> (1999)

ClpP proteins constitute a family of homologous proteins found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. In Escherichia coli, ClpP is the proteolytic component of a large complex also containing either the ClpA or the ClpX ATPases. We show here that the clpP gene from the Gram-positive bacterium Lactococcus lactis encodes a 22-kDa protein that is induced by low pH and by the t-RNA analogue puromycin, which interferes with translation, resulting in the production of misfolded puromycyl-containing peptides. Northern blot and primer extension analysis showed that clpP expression is also induced by heat shock and that stress induction occurs at the transcriptional level independent of the CIRCE regulatory element often implicated in stress regulation in Gram-positive bacteria. When we disrupted the L. lactis clpP gene by insertional inactivation, the resulting mutant was more sensitive to both heat and puromycin than wild-type cells. Furthermore, cells lacking ClpP had a reduced ability to degrade puromycyl-containing peptides, and they synthesized heat shock proteins constitutively in the absence of stress. Thus, our data suggest that ClpP plays a major role in the degradation of misfolded proteins.
Asthma and COPD in cystic fibrosis intron-8 5T carriers. A population-based study (2005)

Polythymidine 5T heterozygosity is not associated with pulmonary dysfunction or disease in the adult Caucasian population. Furthermore, our results support that F508del heterozygosity is associated with increased asthma risk independently of the 5T allele.
Haptic discrimination of softness in teleoperation: the role of the contact area spread rate (2000)

Many applications in teleoperation and virtual reality call for the implementation of effective means of displaying to the human operator information on the softness and other mechanical properties of objects being touched. The ability of humans to detect softness of different objects by tactual exploration is intimately related to both kinesthetic and cutaneous perception, and haptic displays should be designed so as to address such multimodal perceptual channel. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of surrogating detailed tactile information for softness discrimination, with information on the rate of spread of the contact area between the finger and the specimen as the contact force increases. Devices for implementing such a perceptual channel are described, and a practical application to a mini-invasive surgery tool is presented. Psychophysical test results are reported, validating the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed approach.
Hairy Root Transformation in Lotus japonicus (2013)

In L. japonicus, hairy root transformation is the very useful technique to generate transformed root systems in a short term. This protocol was previously described (Kumagai and Kouchi, 2003) with some modifications. After the infection of Agrobacterium rhizogenes, L. japonicus develops not only transformed but also untransformed roots. Thus, transgenic roots need to be identified by certain indications. In this protocol, we use the GFP florescent signals as such indication., 在 L。 japonicus ，毛根转化是在短期内产生转化的根系的非常有用的技术。 该协议之前已经描述（Kumagai和Kouchi，2003），其具有一些修改。 感染土壤杆菌后感染 japonicus 不仅发育转化，而且发育未转化的根。 因此，转基因根需要通过某些适应症来鉴定。 在这个协议中，我们使用GFP荧光信号作为这种指示。
Turbofan Engine Bypass Ratio as a Function of Thrust and Fuel Flow (2022)

Modern Turbofan engines can deliver high thrust without the high fuel consumption as compared to a turbojet engine.By trading the energy in the high velocity exhaust stream for power to drive a fan, the turbofan engine can process large amounts of air which yields a higher thrust per amount of fuel used.The amount of fuel used per thrust is called thrust specific fuel consumption (TSFC).A numerically lower value of TSFC is indicative that the engine uses less fuel to produce a given amount of thrust.As bypass ratio (BPR) increases the overall efficiency of the engine increase which is a primary factor that yields lower TSFC for the turbofan engine.Additionally this report shows that a high bypass ratio engine can produce a greater amount of thrust while consuming the same amount of fuel as a lower BPR engine.Because of this, commercial airlines rely on the turbofan engine to deliver high efficiency and high thrust to carry people across the globe.If a higher bypass ratio engine produces more thrust while consuming less fuel, why not stuff the largest diameter engine available on a plane and go flying?Several factors play into the sizing of a turbofan engine.Air flow distortion, weight, physical envelope, thrust output, fuel consumption and cost are some of the primary design impacts that the propulsion system can effect.The larger the engine the more thrust is generated as well as the more fuel is consumed though at lower TSFC.If the engine is too large, excess power becomes useless and wasteful for the aircraft.Plus, much like any other product, a more complex system can come with a higher price tag.A careful balance of these design parameters gives the commercial aircraft the best efficiency for the propulsion system in turn saving the airlines money.
Retrograde axonal transport obstruction of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its TrkB receptor in the retina and optic nerve of American Cocker Spaniel dogs with spontaneous glaucoma (2007)

BDNF retrograde axonal transport is substantially inhibited by intraocular pressure elevation. TrkB accumulation at the ONH in glaucoma suggests a role for neurotrophin deprivation in the pathogenesis of RGC death in canine glaucoma, as well as a possible paracrine and/or autocrine signaling within the lamina cribosa. Neurotrophin signaling may regulate more than neuronal development, survival and differentiation. BDNF neurotrophin and its TrkB receptor expression by lamina cribosa cells and ONH astrocytes in glaucomatous eyes may help to determine the role of these cells as a paracrine source in terms of retinal ganglion cell survival, during episodes of elevated intraocular pressure.
Sound: a non-invasive measure of cough intensity (2017)

Cough sound power and energy correlate strongly with physiological measures and subjective perception of cough strength. Power and energy are highly repeatable measures but the microphone position should be standardised. Our findings support the use of cough sound as an index of cough strength.
Lysine and Polyamines Are Substrates for Transglutamination of Rho by the <i>Bordetella</i> Dermonecrotic Toxin (2001)

Bordetella dermonecrotic toxin (DNT) catalyzes the transglutamination of glutamine-63/61 of Rho GTPases, thereby constitutively activating Rho proteins. Here we identified second substrates for transglutamination of RhoA by DNT. The enzymatically active fragment of DNT (residues 1136 to 1451, DeltaDNT) induced the incorporation of L-[(14)C]lysine in RhoA in a concentration-dependent manner. Also, Rac and Cdc42, but not Ras, were transglutaminated with lysine by DeltaDNT. Transglutamination of the GTPase with L-lysine inhibited intrinsic and Rho-GAP-stimulated GTP hydrolysis of RhoA. In contrast to lysine, treatment of RhoA with alanine, arginine, and glutamine were not able to substitute for lysine in the transglutamination reaction. DNT increased the incorporation of L-[(14)C]lysine into embryonic bovine lung cells. Microinjection of GST-RhoA together with the enzymatically active DNT fragment into Xenopus oocytes, subsequent affinity purification of modified GST-RhoA, and mass spectrometry identified attachment of putrescine or spermidine at glutamine-63 of RhoA. A comparison of putrescine, spermidine, and lysine as substrates for DNT-induced transglutamination of RhoA revealed that lysine is a preferred second substrate at least in vitro.
Active cabin safety system for M1 category vehicles (2015)

Passenger vehicles are meant to be locked by the driver or it is autonomously overridden to ensure the safety of the passenger in the vehicle's movement. The safety is the main concern for the occupant. Autonomous door locking system works on the basis of the inputs from the vehicle's state of movement and the driver's input. The nature of occupant within the vehicle is not valued, but the direct control is taken into account and the vehicle is locked from the interior. The existence of child occupancy within the vehicle is the constraint of the proposed system. The probability of neurotoxic levels is high within the locked vehicle due to the increase in temperature in parked conditions. The system aims at warning the driver intimating the occupancy status of the vehicle in both autonomous as well as driver imposed locking. Beyond the warning made, the system unlocks the doors if the cabin temperature exceeds 40°C.
Mask data processing technique using GPU for reducing computer cost (2011)

The computer cost for mask data processing grows increasingly more expensive every year.
However the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) has evolved dramatically. The GPU which
originally was used exclusively for digital image processing has been used in many fields of
numerical analysis. We developed mask data processing techniques using GPUs together with
distributed processing that allows reduced computer costs as opposed to a distributed processing
system using just CPUs.
Generally, for best application performance, it is important to reduce conditional branch
instructions, to minimize data transfer between the CPU host and the GPU device, and to optimize
memory access patterns in the GPU. Hence, in our optical proximity correction (OPC), the light
intensity calculation step, that is the most time consuming part of this OPC, is optimized for GPU
implementation and the other inefficient steps for GPU are processed by CPUs . Moreover, by
fracturing input data and balancing a computational road for each CPU, we have put the powerful
distributed computing into practice.
Furthermore we have investigated not only the improvement of software performance but also how
to best balance computer cost and speed, and we have derived a combination of the CPU hosts and
the GPU devices to maximize the processing performance that takes computer cost into account .
We have also developed a recovery function that continues OPC processing even if a GPU breaks
down during mask data processing for a production. By using the GPUs and distributed
processing, we have developed a mask data processing system which reduces computer cost and has
high reliability.
Tl3AsSe3 noncollinear acousto-optic filter operation at 10 μm (1979)

An infrared tunable acousto-optic filter based on Tl3AsSe3 in a noncollinear configuration is described. The filter was operated at CO2 laser wavelengths from 10.8 to 9.3 μm, with corresponding rf drive frequencies in the 15–18-MHz range. Filter bandwidths are of the order of 20–30 cm−1, and the measured tuning rate is 18.0 kHz/cm−1 at 10 μm.
Mouse Model of Tuberculosis (2014)

The mouse provides a tool with which to probe the complex interaction between the mammalian immune system and the slow-growing, inflammatory, and persistent bacterium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Simple mouse models using genetic deletion or antibody inhibition have identified causal connections between specific components of the immune response and survival upon challenge with Mtb, and these studies have corresponded with observations made in humans. To improve on current intervention strategies, it is essential that the complex interactions between the components of the immune response that mediate and regulate the protective response to Mtb infection be dissected; furthermore, the pathways by which specific molecules and cells act must be delineated. The mouse model provides a tool with which to achieve this goal; however, experimental design and data interpretation must be made in the context of data sets generated from the entire tuberculosis field.
Evaluation of hydrophilic matrix tablets based on Carbopol<sup>®</sup>971P and low-viscosity sodium alginate for pH-independent controlled drug release (2011)

Matrix tablets based on CP and SA form a potentially useful versatile system for pH-independent controlled drug release.
Improving language models by using distant information (2007)

This study examines how to take originally advantage from distant information in statistical language models. We show that it is possible to use n-gram models considering histories different from those used during training. These models are called crossing context models. Our study deals with classical and distant n-gram models. A mixture of four models is proposed and evaluated. A bigram linear mixture achieves an improvement of 14% in terms of perplexity. Moreover the trigram mixture outperforms the standard trigram by 5.6%. These improvements have been obtained without complexifying standard n-gram models. The resulting mixture language model has been integrated into a speech recognition system. Its evaluation achieves a slight improvement in terms of word error rate on the data used for the francophone evaluation campaign ESTER [1]. Finally, the impact of the proposed crossing context language models on performance is presented according to various speakers.
A Real Time Singing Voice Removal System Using DSP and Multichannel Audio Interface 2 (2012)

Separating technique for singing voice from music accompaniment is very useful in original sound type Karaoke instrument. We propose a real-time system to separate singing voice from music accompaniment for stereo recordings. Proposed algorithm consists of two stages. The first stage is a spectral change detector. The last stage is a selective vocal separation in frequency bins. Our system consists of a DSP board and a multichannel audio interface board. The DSP board is a TMS320C6713 DSK. And multichannel audio interface has six (three stereos) channels. The proposed vocal removal algorithms are embedded in DSP. Listening tests with extracted MR from proposed system show vocal separating and removal tasks successfully. Keywords: Singing voice remover, Real-time system, DSP board, Frequency domain processing
Photoinduced Electron Transfer between C<sub>60</sub>-Pendant Calixarene and Captured Electron Donor:  Improvement of Electron-Transfer Efficiency by Applying Host−Guest Chemistry (2002)

A photoinduced electron transfer between C60 connected with calixarene (calix-C60) and a molecule in which aniline and ammonium are connected (ammonium aniline), in which the ammonium moiety is included in the calixarene, has been investigated. By connecting it with calixarene, C60 is given the ability to interact with the primary alkylammonium. In the calix-C60/ammonium aniline system, the calixarene moiety of calix-C60 is capable of interacting with the ammonium moiety to form a donor−acceptor dyad via the cation-π-type inclusion mechanism in the solution. When a selective pulse laser irradiates the C60 moiety of the calix-C60/ammonium-aniline dyad, C60 anion radical formation was observed in high quantum yield ( = 0.95). From transient spectroscopies, it is confirmed that the electron-transfer proceeds through the dissociation of the exciplex of 3(C60-aniline)* in the calix-C60/ammonium aniline system. By applying interaction between calixarene and ammonium, the electron transfer is accelerated in dyad, greatly increasing the quantum yield for electron transfer. The produced radical anion of the C60 moiety persists for about 1 ms, and the back electron-transfer process obeys second-order kinetics, indicating that the radical anion of the C60 moiety and the radical cation of the aniline moiety are solvated separately. A novel strategy for constructing a new class of efficient electron-transfer systems by using a calixarene as a reagent capture unit was demonstrated.
On tracking-ability of a stochastic genetic algorithm to changing environments (2002)

A stochastic genetic algorithm (StGA) effectively searches an optimal action which maximizes the probability to have reward payoffs in stochastic environments by employing stochastic learning automata and genetic algorithms. This paper discusses the tracking ability of the StGA to environmental changes from theoretical and empirical points of view. In the theoretical investigation, we employ an inhomogeneous Markov chain to formulate state transition of the probability for a population of actions to have an optimal one. We perform theoretical investigations on change of the probability to create an optimal action and of the probability to lose all the optimal ones. Simulation experiments are performed to show the effectiveness of the StGA in changing environments whose penalty probability vectors gradually or suddenly change.