gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dual-Band Base Station Array Using Filtering Antenna Elements for Mutual Coupling Suppression (2016)

This paper presents a novel dual-band base station antenna array using filtering antenna elements for size miniaturization. It consists of two 1 × 6 subarrays arranged side by side, which are designed for Digital Cellular System (DCS: 1710-1880 MHz) and Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA: 1920-2170 MHz) applications. The two subarrays are composed of filtering antenna elements with high in-band radiation efficiency and out-of-band radiation rejection levels. The radiation of the DCS subarray is suppressed in the WCDMA band and vice versa. Mutual coupling between the two subarrays, therefore, can be suppressed and high isolation can be obtained with reduced subarray spacing. For demonstration, a dual-band filtering antenna array is designed and fabricated. The overall width of the array is only 206 mm, which is much narrower than that of typical industrial products (~290 mm). An isolation of 35 dB is obtained between the two subarrays without any decoupling network. The measured antenna gains are about 14.2 and 14.5 dBi for DCS and WCDMA bands, respectively, and the 3-dB beamwidths of the horizontal radiation patterns are 65° ± 5°. In addition, null filling below the main beam in the vertical radiation patterns is realized by elaborately designing a feed network to manipulate the output magnitude and phase of each array element. The proposed array is suitable for potential base station applications.
Tomographic multiplexing using fluorescence lifetime and spectral contrast (2016)

We present a resolution matrix-based approach to constrain cross-talk in tomographic multiplexing. This approach provides zero cross-talk solutions for lifetime multiplexing and the conditions for achieving zero cross-talk in spectral multiplexing.
Rationally engineered variants of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) synthase: reduced product inhibition and synthesis of artificial cofactor homologues (2015)

S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM) synthase was engineered for biocatalytic production of SAM and long-chain analogues by rational re-design. Substitution of two conserved isoleucine residues extended the substrate spectrum of the enzyme to artificial S-alkylhomocysteines. The variants proved to be beneficial in preparative synthesis of SAM (and analogues) due to a much reduced product inhibition.
Synthesizing Metal Phthalocyanine Imide Polymers (1985)

Efficient synthesis of analytically-pure metal (II) 4,4',4'',4''' tetraaminophthalocyanine demonstrated in experiments. Typical Polymerization proceeds in two steps: First, reaction with 3,3',4,4'' -benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride. Second step cyclodehydration. New polymers expected useful in formulation of thermally stable varnishes, adhesives, and fibers.
Isometric test compression with low toggling activity (2014)

The paper presents a novel test data compression scheme. The invention follows from a fundamental observation that in a typical test cube only a small portion of the specified positions are necessary to detect a fault, and most of the remaining ones have many alternatives. The necessary assignments are used to form test templates which both control a decompressor to guarantee the necessary assignments and guide ATPG to find alternative assignments to produce highly compressible test cubes. The proposed approach synergistically elevates compression ratios to values typically unachievable through conventional reseeding-based solutions. It also reduces, in a user-controlled manner, switching rates in scan chains with minimal hardware modification. Experimental results obtained for large industrial designs illustrate feasibility of the proposed test scheme and are reported herein.
A novel screening approach to the modulation of unfavourable human serum albumin (HSA)/drug interactions (1998)

(1998). A novel screening approach to the modulation of unfavourable human serum albumin (HSA)/drug interactions. Emerging Therapeutic Targets: Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 155-157.
Interrogating fiber Bragg grating sensors by thermally scanning a demultiplexer based on arrayed waveguide gratings (2004)

We evaluate a wavelength interrogation technique based on an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG). Initial results show that the Bragg wavelength of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors can be precisely interrogated by thermally scanning an AWG-based demultiplexer. The technique potentially offers a low-cost, compact, and high-performance solution for the interrogation of FBG distributed sensors and multisensor arrays.
Electrochemical Assessment of Indigo Carmine Dye in Lithium Metal Polymer Technology (2021)

Lithium metal batteries are inspiring renewed interest in the battery community because the most advanced designs of Li-ion batteries could be on the verge of reaching their theoretical specific energy density values. Among the investigated alternative technologies for electrochemical storage, the all-solid-state Li battery concept based on the implementation of dry solid polymer electrolytes appears as a mature technology not only to power full electric vehicles but also to provide solutions for stationary storage applications. With an effective marketing started in 2011, Blue<i>Solutions</i> keeps developing further the so-called lithium metal polymer batteries based on this technology. The present study reports the electrochemical performance of such Li metal batteries involving indigo carmine, a cheap and renewable electroactive non-soluble organic salt, at the positive electrode. Our results demonstrate that this active material was able to reversibly insert two Li at an average potential of ≈2.4 V vs. Li<sup>+</sup>/Li with however, a relatively poor stability upon cycling. Post-mortem analyses revealed the poisoning of the Li electrode by Na upon ion exchange reaction between the Na countercations of indigo carmine and the conducting salt. The use of thinner positive electrodes led to much better capacity retention while enabling the identification of two successive one-electron plateaus.
Animating images with drawings (1994)

The work described here extends the power of 2D animation with a form of texture mapping conveniently controlled by line drawings. By tracing points, line segments, spline curves, or filled regions on an image, the animator defines features which can be used to animate the image. Animations of the control features deform the image smoothly. This development is in the tradition of “skeleton”-based animation, and “feature”-based image metamorphosis. By employing numerics developed in the computer vision community for rapid visual surface estimation, several important advantages are realized. Skeletons are generalized to include curved “bones,” the interpolating surface is better behaved, the expense of computing the animation is decoupled from the number of features in the drawing, and arbitrary holes or cuts in the interpolated surface can be accommodated. The same general scattered data interpolation technique is applied to the problem of mapping animation from one image and set of features to another, generalizing the prescriptive power of animated sequences and encouraging reuse of animated motion.
Dual-field multiplier architecture for cryptographic applications (2004)

The multiplication operation in finite fields GF(p) and GF(2/sup n/) is the most often used and time-consuming operation in the hardware and software realizations of public-key cryptographic systems, particularly elliptic curve cryptography. We propose a new hardware architecture for fast and efficient execution of the multiplication operation in this paper. The proposed architecture is scalable, i.e., can handle operands of any size; only limited by input/output and scratch space size, not by computational unit. It can also be configured to fit the available chip area for the desired performance. Our proposed architecture computes multiplication faster in GF(2/sup n/) than GF(p), which conforms with premise of GF(2/sup n/) for hardware realizations.
Tunneling Negative Differential Resistance-Assisted STT-RAM for Efficient Read and Write Operations (2016)

The adoption of spin-transfer torque random access memory (STT-RAM) into nonvolatile memory systems faces three major obstacles: high write energy, low sensing margin, and high read disturbance. Many designs have been suggested to resolve each of these challenges separately and at the cost of significant overhead. We propose a single low-overhead solution to all these problems without changing the underlying memory architecture by using negative differential resistance devices like tunnel diodes or tunnel field-effect transistors to assist the STT-RAM write and read process. We show through simulations that the proposed designs can dramatically improve the write and read energy efficiency and sensing margins while minimizing the read disturbance, even after accounting for process variations. Our results open a design path for energy-efficient and reliable STT-RAM technologies.
Analytical design method of polyphase claw-pole machines (2004)

This work presents a design methodology for polyphase claw pole machines with a centralized-concentrated winding and a surface mounted PM rotor. The methodology is used for the selection of the best structure configuration and material characteristics and for the computation of geometrical motor dimensions, according to the application specifications. The methodology has been developed to study several different polyphase claw pole structures. The different design steps include the determination of 2D equivalent structures, the interactive use of an analytical tool, a nonlinear constrained optimization method, and a 2D field calculation tool. The design methodology has been validated with a 3D field calculation tool and by experimental results measured on existing prototypes.
Spectrally resolved modal characteristics of leaky-wave-coupled quantum cascade phase-locked laser arrays (2017)

The modal characteristics of nonresonant five-element phase-locked arrays of 4.7-μm emitting quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) have been studied using spectrally resolved near- and far-field measurements and correlated with results of device simulation. Devices are fabricated by a two-step metal-organic chemical vapor deposition process and operate predominantly in an in-phase array mode near threshold, although become multimode at higher drive levels. The wide spectral bandwidth of the QCL’s core region is found to be a factor in promoting multispatial-mode operation at high drive levels above threshold. An optimized resonant-array design is identified to allow sole in-phase array-mode operation to high drive levels above threshold, and indicates that for phase-locked laser arrays full spatial coherence to high output powers does not require full temporal coherence.
Application of Chemical and Electrochemical Micromachining in the Electronics Industry (1989)

This paper discusses the principal applications of chemical and electrochemical micromachining to fabrication of electronic components. Some of the recently investigated techniques for maskless micromachining are also presented. Chemical micromachining is widely used in the present day electronics industry for a variety of applications including fabrication of metallic parts, printed circuit boards, and semiconductor devices. Electrochemical micromachining, on the other hand, appears to be very promising as a future micromachining technique since in many areas of application it offers several advantages that include higher machining rate, better precision and control, and a wider range of materials that can be machined.
Optimization of yeast‐expressed human liver cytochrome <i>P</i>450 3A4 catalytic activities by coexpressing NADPH‐cytochrome <i>P</i>450 reductase and cytochrome <i>b</i><sub>5</sub> (1992)

Human liver P450 NF25 (CYP3A4) had been previously expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using the inducible GAL10-CYC1 promoter and the phosphoglycerate kinase gene terminator [Renaud, J. P., Cullin, C., Pompon, D., Beaune, P. and Mansuy, D. (1990) Eur. J. Biochem. 194, 889-896]. The use of an improved expression vector [Urban, P., Cullin, C. and Pompon, D. (1990) Biochimie 72, 463-472] increased the amounts of P450 NF25 produced/culture medium by a factor of five, yielding up to 10 nmol/l. The availability of recently developed host cells that simultaneously overexpress yeast NADPH-P450 reductase and/or express human liver cytochrome b5, obtained through stable integration of the corresponding coding sequences into the yeast genome, led to biotechnological systems with much higher activities of yeast-expressed P450 NF25 and with much better ability to form P450 NF25-iron-metabolite complexes. 9-fold, 8-fold, and 30-fold rate increases were found respectively for nifedipine 1,4-oxidation, lidocaine N-deethylation and testosterone 6 beta-hydroxylation between P450 NF25-containing yeast microsomes from the basic strain and from the strain that both overexpresses yeast NADPH-P450 reductase and expresses human cytochrome b5. Even higher turnovers (15-fold, 20-fold and 50-fold rate increases) were obtained using P450 NF25-containing microsomes from the yeast just overexpressing yeast NADPH-P450 reductase in the presence of externally added, purified rabbit liver cytochrome b5. This is explained by the fact that the latter strain contained the highest level of NADPH-P450 reductase activity. It is noteworthy that for the three tested substrates, the presence of human or rabbit cytochrome b5 always showed a stimulating effect on the catalytic activities and this effect was saturable. Indeed, addition of rabbit cytochrome b5 to microsomes from a strain expressing human cytochrome b5 did not further enhance the catalytic rates. The yeast expression system was also used to study the formation of a P450-NF25-iron-metabolite complex. A P450 Fe(II)-(RNO) complex was obtained upon oxidation of N-hydroxyamphetamine, catalyzed by P450-NF25-containing yeast microsomes. In microsomes from the basic strain expressing P450 NF25, 10% of the starting P450 NF25 was transformed into this metabolite complex, whereas more than 80% of the starting P450 NF25 led to complex formation in microsomes from the strain overexpressing yeast NADPH-P450 reductase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
ChemInform Abstract: THIOPHENE SYSTEMS. 2. SYNTHESIS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOME 4‐ALKOXY‐3‐SUBSTITUTED THIOPHENE DERIVATIVES (1980)

Abstract Aus dem Oxo‐tetrahydrothiophen‐carbonsäureester (I) erhält man das Enolacetat (IIa), das nach Chlorierung zu (IIb) zu den 3‐Alkoxy‐thiophen‐ 4‐carbonsäurederivaten (III) führt.
An integrated neighborhood dependent approach for nonlinear enhancement of color images (2004)

We propose a new image enhancement algorithm INDANE (integrated neighborhood dependent approach for nonlinear enhancement of color images), which is applied to improve the visibility of the dark regions in digital images. INDANE is a combination of two independent processes: luminance enhancement and contrast enhancement. The luminance enhancement, also regarded as a process of dynamic range compression, is essentially an intensity transformation based on a specifically designed nonlinear transfer function. The contrast enhancement transforms the pixel's intensity based on the relationship between the center pixel and its surrounding pixels. For color images, they are firstly converted to intensity (grayscale) images, and then are treated by the proposed image enhancement process.
The Tumor-Associated Marker, PVRL4 (Nectin-4), Is the Epithelial Receptor for Morbilliviruses (2014)

PVRL4 (nectin-4) was recently identified as the epithelial receptor for members of the Morbillivirus genus, including measles virus, canine distemper virus and peste des petits ruminants virus. Here, we describe the role of PVRL4 in morbillivirus pathogenesis and its promising use in cancer therapies. This discovery establishes a new paradigm for the spread of virus from lymphocytes to airway epithelial cells and its subsequent release into the environment. Measles virus vaccine strains have emerged as a promising oncolytic platform for cancer therapy in the last ten years. Given that PVRL4 is a well-known tumor-associated marker for several adenocarcinoma (lung, breast and ovary), the measles virus could potentially be used to specifically target, infect and destroy cancers expressing PVRL4.
Interferon gamma (IFNg) production is associated to disease parameters in TLR9-induced secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH) in mice (2014)

IFNg is the pivotal mediator in the murine model of primary HLH. Mice given repeated injection with the TLR9 agonist, CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides, develop pathology resembling the human disease, sHLH. Coadministration of an anti-IL-10 Receptor (R) monoclonal antibody (mAb) with CpG induces more severe disease characterized also by hemophagocytosis (fulminant sHLH).
<title>Status of supermirror research at OSMC</title> (1992)

The need for increased neutron flux at government and university neutron scattering facilities has created a significant demand for multilayer coated surfaces with a maximum reflectivity and extension of critical angle. OSMC's progress in the development of high quality (NiC)-Ti and Fe-Si supermirrors is presented. Factors involved in the optimization of reflectivity and critical angle are discussed.
Current Methods for the Synthesis of 2‐Substituted Azoles (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Th<sub>4</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>4</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>, a New Thorium Phosphate:  Synthesis, Characterization, and Structure Determination (1996)

The chemistry of thorium phosphate reported in the literature has been found to be erroneous. It was reconsidered in terms of careful chemical preparations and specific analytical methods. Special attention has been paid to the atom ratio value referred to r = thorium/phosphorus, which was experimentally fixed in order to obtain the correct composition of the final compound. A new compound with the chemical formula Th4(PO4)4P2O7, derived from the crystal structure determination, has been obtained. The unit cell parameters were obtained from powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. It is orthorhombic (space group Pcam, Z = 2) with the cell dimensions a = 12.8646(9) Å, b = 10.4374(8) Å, c = 7.0676(5) Å, and V = 949.00(9) Å3. The atomic positions were derived from Patterson and Fourier methods and the structure was refined to an R value of 0.039. The structure consists of layers parallel to (010) containing both PO4 and P2O7 groups. These layers alternate with planes of Th atoms. The coordination sphere of the two independent heavy atoms is formed by eight O atoms from five PO4 and one P2O7 groups. The formula of thorium phosphate Th4(PO4)4P2O7 is in good agreement with the elementary composition derived from electron microprobe analysis, which gave a ratio r = 2/3. Any other value of r (1/2 < r < 3/4) induces the formation of polyphase systems: Th4P6O23 and ThO2 for r > 2/3; Th4P6O23 and ThP2O7 for r < 2/3. The characterization of thorium phosphate diphosphate by means of infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of diphosphate groups in the compound.
An electrospray‐ionization mass spectrometer with new features (1990)

The construction and performance of an electrospray-ionization mass spectrometer with new features are described. The mass spectrometer consists of a newly designed electrospray ion-source that is plugged directly into a modified commercial quadrupole mass spectrometer with the ions entering the mass analyzer through a long metal capillary tube and three stages of differential pumping. The present ion source differs from previous designs in the combination of techniques employed in the transportation and desolvation of solvated biomolecule ions, prior to mass analysis. Transport of ionized entities between atmospheric pressure and vacuum is carried out through a 203 mm long stainless steel capillary tube with a 0.5 mm bore. Desolvation is effected by the use of controlled heat transfer through the long capillary tube and collisional activation in a region of reduced pressure between the capillary tube exit and the skimmer. Desolvation with this system is convenient and effective and does not involve the strong countercurrent flows of gases that have been used by all previous workers. The effects on the spectra of peptides of capillary tube temperature and desolvation collision energy are investigated. Electrospray-ionization mass spectrometric results are described for thirteen proteins with molecular masses ranging from 5000 to 77,000 Da. The performance of the present instrument, with respect to mass accuracy and sensitivity, is comparable with previously reported systems. The effect of protein concentration in solution on the electrospray mass spectrometric response and charge-state distribution is discussed.
Low‐Power High‐Performance Non‐Volatile Memory on a Flexible Substrate with Excellent Endurance (2010)

Very high performance Ni/GeOx/HfON/TaN non-volatile resistive memory is fabricated using the covalently bonded dielectric GeOx and metal oxynitride HfON as well as low cost electrodes. The device shows low set and reset powers, good 85 °C retention, and 105 endurance, which are near to the characteristics of existing commercial flash memory.
High-efficiency high-energy wavelength-doubling optical parametric oscillator (2006)

Abstract not provided.
Analysis of the Structure of the <i>AVR1-CO39</i> Avirulence Locus in Virulent Rice-Infecting Isolates of <i>Magnaporthe grisea</i> (2002)

The AVR1-CO39 gene that came from a Magnaporthe grisea isolate from weeping lovegrass controls avirulence on the rice cultivar CO39. AVR1-CO39 was not present in the genome of the rice-infecting M. grisea isolate Guyll from French Guyana, suggesting that the gene had been deleted. Molecular analysis of the deletion breakpoints in the AVR1-CO39 locus revealed the presence of a truncated copy of a previously unknown retrotransposon at the left-hand border. At the right-hand border was a truncated copy of another repetitive element that is present at multiple locations in the genome of Guyll. The structures of avr1-CO39 loci were further examined in 45 rice-infecting isolates collected in Brazil, China, Japan, India, Indonesia, Mali, and the Philippines. Most isolates showed no hybridization signal with the AVR1-CO39 probe and had the same locus structure as Guyll. Some isolates from Japan showed a signal with the AVR1-CO39 probe, but the region specifying avirulence activity was rearranged. These findings suggest that widespread virulence to 'CO39' among rice-infecting M. grisea isolates is due to ancestral rearrangements at the AVR1-CO39 locus that may have occurred early in the evolution of pathogenicity to rice.
Fast algorithm and implementation of 2-D discrete cosine transform (1991)

An algorithm for the fast computation of a 2-D discrete cosine transform (DCT) is presented. It is shown that the N*N DCT, where N=2/sup m/, can be computed using only N 1-D DCTs and additions, instead of using 2N 1-D DCTs as in the conventional row-column approach. Hence the total number of multiplications for the proposed algorithm is only half of that required for the row-column approach and is also less than that of most of other fast algorithms, whereas the number of additions is almost comparable to that of others. It is also shown that only N/2 1-D DCT module are required for hardware parallel implementation of the proposed algorithm. Thus the number of actual multipliers being used is only a quarter of that required for the conventional approach.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>