gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Determination of ionized calcium in serum that has been exposed to air. (1976)

<P>Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.</P>The <i>Quarterly Labour Force Survey Eurostat Datasets</i> form the UK component of the <i>European Union Labour Force Survey</i> (EU LFS), and consist of a subset of core variables from the UK Quarterly Labour Force Survey (held at the UK Data Archive under GN 33246), alongside primary and secondary derived variables computed by Eurostat from the core variables supplied. The data comprise seasonal or calendar quarters, depending on the date, and are not directly comparable with the UK QLFS quarters. Annual EU LFS datasets from 1999 onwards are also available (see under GN 33399) and 'ad hoc' modules (run each year to supplement the information from the core EU LFS questionnaire) are available from 2002 onwards (see under GN 33400). <br> <br> Users should note that the LFS Eurostat datasets available from the UK Data Archive comprise UK data only, and no data from other EU countries are included here. Further information about the EU LFS can be found on the Eurostat <a href="http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/EU_labour_force_survey" title="EU Labour Force Survey">EU Labour Force Survey</a> webpage.<br> <br> The UK Labour Force Survey (LFS) is a unique source of articulated information using international definitions of employment and unemployment and economic inactivity, together with a wide range of related topics such as occupation, training, hours of work and personal characteristics of household members aged 16 years and over. The first LFS was conducted in 1973 and continues to be one of the reasons for carrying out the survey. Eurostat co-ordinates information from labour force surveys in the European Union (EU) member states in order to assist the EU in such matters as the allocation of the Social Fund. Between 1984 and 1991 the survey was carried out annually, and moved to a quarterly cycle (the QLFS) from May 1992. Further information may be found in the main LFS documentation (see link below).<br> <br> <b>LFS Documentation (main LFS)</b><br> Besides the EU LFS documentation (see below), documentation is also available to accompany the main UK LFS datasets available from the Archive. This largely consists of the latest version of each document alongside the appropriate questionnaire for the year concerned. However, LFS documentation volumes are updated periodically by ONS, so users are advised to check the ONS <a href="http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/method-quality/specific/labour-market/labour-market-statistics/index.html" title="LFS User Guidance">LFS User Guidance</a> pages before commencing analysis.<br> <br>
Interferon-γ release assays for the diagnosis of active tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2010)

Department of Transplant and Infection Immunology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany; Hygiene and Preventive Medicine Institute, Sassari University, Sassari, Italy; Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany; European Research and Project Office GmbH Eurice, Saarbrucken, Germany; National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, Rome, Italy; WHO Collaborating Centre for TB and Lung Diseases, Fondazione S. Maugeri, Care and Research Institute, Tradate, Italy; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Diakonessenhuis, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Lung Infection and Immunity Unit, Division of Pulmonology and University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Department of Microbiology, Institut dInvestigacio en Ciencies de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias, Institutio de Salud Carlos III, Badalona, Spain; Royal Free Hospital, London, UK; Universitatsspital Basel, Switzerland; University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden Corresponding author contact information: Christoph Lange, MD, PhD; Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Medical Clinic, Research Center Borstel, Parkallee 35, 23845 Borstel, Germany, phone +49 4537 188-332-0, fax +49 4537 188-313, email: clange@fzborstel.de . Published on September 16, 2010 as doi: 10.1183/09031936.00114810 ERJ Express
Lag Order and Critical Values of the Augmented Dickey–Fuller Test (1995)

Abstract Response surface analysis is used to obtain approximate finite-sample critical values for the augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) test. Previous studies estimating the critical values for the test have generally ignored their possible dependence on the lag order. This study shows that the lag order, in addition to the sample size, can affect the finite-sample behavior of the test. The result points to the importance of correcting for the effect of lag order in applying the ADF test. KEY WORDS: Finite-sample critical valueMonte CarloResponse surface
Ionic conductivity of the yttria-stabilized-zirconia nanomaterials (2009)

Yttria-stabilized zirconia has practical applications as an oxide ion conductor in several electrochemical devices (e.g. SOFC). It's expected that a formation of zirconia nanomaterial allows to improve its electrical properties. The investigated nanomaterials were prepared by sintering of the filter-pressed zirconia nanopowders. SEM observations reveal uniform microstructure with isometric grains which sizes were from 90 to 300 nm depending on yttria content. Influence of the grain size on the bulk and grain boundary conductivity as well as on the respective activation energy was observed.
A ratiometric fluorescent chemosensor for iron: discrimination of Fe2+ and Fe3+ and living cell application (2012)

A newly designed probe, 6-thiophen-2-yl-5,6-dihydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo-[1,2-c] quinazoline (HL(1)) behaves as a highly selective ratiometric fluorescent sensor for Fe(2+) at pH 4.0-5.0 and Fe(3+) at pH 6.5-8.0 in acetonitrile-HEPES buffer (1/4) (v/v) medium. A decrease in fluorescence at 412 nm and increase in fluorescence at 472 nm with an isoemissive point at 436 nm with the addition of Fe(2+) salt solution is due to the formation of mononuclear Fe(2+) complex [Fe(II)(HL)(ClO(4))(2)(CH(3)CN)(2)] (1) in acetonitrile-HEPES buffer (100 mM, 1/4, v/v) at pH 4.5 and a decrease in fluorescence at 412 nm and increase in fluorescence at 482 nm with an isoemissive point at 445 nm during titration by Fe(3+) salt due to the formation of binary Fe(3+) complex, [Fe(III)(L)(2)(ClO(4))(H(2)O)] (2) with co-solvent at biological pH 7.4 have been established. Binding constants (K(a)) in the solution state were calculated to be 3.88 × 10(5) M(-1) for Fe(2+) and 0.21 × 10(3) M(-1/2) for Fe(3+) and ratiometric detection limits for Fe(2+) and Fe(3+) were found to be 2.0 μM and 3.5 μM, respectively. The probe is a "naked eye" chemosensor for two states of iron. Theoretical calculations were studied to establish the configurations of probe-iron complexes. The sensor is efficient for detecting Fe(3+)in vitro by developing a good image of the biological organelles.
Comparison of Hydride Vapor Phase Epitaxy of GaN Layers on Cubic GaN/(100)GaAs and Hexagonal GaN/(111)GaAs Substrates (1994)

GaN layers were homoepitaxially grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) on cubic GaN/(100)GaAs and hexagonal GaN/(111)GaAs substrates, and the growth conditions and crystalline qualities were compared between both cases. HVPE GaN layers were epitaxially grown on hexagonal GaN/(111)GaAs substrates when the substrate temperature was below 700°C, whereas on cubic GaN/(100)GaAs substrates, they were epitaxially grown only at substrate temperatures above 800°C. Two-step growth was necessary for higher-quality hexagonal GaN epilayers to be grown at 900°C. The growth rate of HVPE GaN epilayers on hexagonal GaN/(111)GaAs substrates was about 2.5 times higher than that on cubic GaN/(100)GaAs substrates at the same HVPE growth conditions. Cathodoluminescence spectra were measured for HVPE epilayers grown on both substrates.
Electron Probe Micro Analysis of Sedimented Zirconium Particles in Magnesium (2003)

This study investigates the use of sedimentation as a method of separating Zr particles that formed in molten Mg for further analysis. Electron probe micro analysis was used to characterise the chemical distributions of particles within the samples. The results obtained are presented to help explain the phenomena of grain refinement in Mg containing low levels of Zr.
A Multifunctional Cytokine (IL-6/BSF-2) and Its Receptor (1989)

Interleukin 6 (IL-6)/B cell stimulatory factor 2 is a multifunctional cytokine produced by both lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells. IL-6 regulates immune response, acute phase reaction, and hematopoiesis. It was found that IL-6 production by T cells is dependent on macrophages, and IL-6 is one of essential factors for pokeweed mitogen induced immunoglobulin production. Both high- and low-affinity IL-6 receptors were identified. The molecular cloning of IL-6 receptors demonstrated that this receptor is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. The deregulated production of IL-6 is suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and in the development of multiple myeloma.
Graphene-Supported High-Resolution TEM and STEM Imaging of Silicon Nanocrystals and their Capping Ligands (2012)

Using graphene as an ultrathin support, high-resolution transmission and scanning transmission electron microscopy (TEM and STEM) images of organic ligand-stabilized silicon (Si) nanocrystals with unprecedented clarity were obtained. TEM images of Si nanocrystals are usually obscured on conventional amorphous carbon TEM supports because of low atomic number (Z) contrast. The atomically thin graphene supports enabled clear images of the crystalline Si cores and, for the first time, organic capping ligands. Various twin defects were observed, often accompanied by very significant lattice distortion and anisotropic strain.
A Novel Storage and Retrieval Concept for Compound Collections on Dry Film (2005)

Multiparallel and combinatorial syntheses have enabled chemists to produce a vast number of chemical compounds for hit- and lead-finding campaigns. For high-throughput screening (HTS), these compound collections are typically dissolved in dimethylsulfoxid (DMSO) and stored at temperatures ranging from —80 °C to room temperature (RT). Having compounds readily available as DMSO solutions greatly facilitates HTS. However, there are a number of stability and solubility issues associated with compounds stored as DMSO solutions. 1 – 8 To ensure compound integrity for a long period of time, we have developed a simple dry compound storage concept called DotFoil, from where compounds can be redissolved in a fast, reliable, and easy way and directly used in conventional 96- or 384-well plate based HTS (1536-well format is not supported at this time). Our results indicate that compounds are more stable if stored as dry film on DotFoils, compared to storage as DMSO solutions at +4 °C or RT. Redissolving the dry film of very apolar compounds like triphenylamine, even with a very small extraction volume of 2 μL DMSO, allows > 80% of the total amount of compound to be recovered in solution using the current prototype equipment. Cross contamination between individual wells during the process of redissolving compounds was negligible. Composition of our prototype equipment, procedure, and equipment for the extraction step to redissolve the dry film are described.
Unified Visual-Semantic Embeddings: Bridging Vision and Language With Structured Meaning Representations (2019)

We propose the Unified Visual-Semantic Embeddings (Unified VSE) for learning a joint space of visual representation and textual semantics. The model unifies the embeddings of concepts at different levels: objects, attributes, relations, and full scenes. We view the sentential semantics as a combination of different semantic components such as objects and relations; their embeddings are aligned with different image regions. A contrastive learning approach is proposed for the effective learning of this fine-grained alignment from only image-caption pairs. We also present a simple yet effective approach that enforces the coverage of caption embeddings on the semantic components that appear in the sentence. We demonstrate that the Unified VSE outperforms baselines on cross-modal retrieval tasks; the enforcement of the semantic coverage improves the model's robustness in defending text-domain adversarial attacks. Moreover, our model empowers the use of visual cues to accurately resolve word dependencies in novel sentences.
V-Model: a new perspective for EHR-based phenotyping (2014)

The V-Model successfully resolves visualization issues of clinical documents, and provides better usability compared to a conventional timeline model.
The Escherichia coli htrP gene product is essential for bacterial growth at high temperatures: mapping, cloning, sequencing, and transcriptional regulation of htrP (1991)

We identified and characterized a new Escherichia coli gene, htrP. The htrP gene was identified because its insertional inactivation by the Tn10 transposon results in the inability of E. coli to form colonies at temperatures above 37 degrees C and a slow growth phenotype at 30 degrees C. The htrP gene was cloned and mapped to 66.3 min on the E. coli genetic map, 4 kbp clockwise from the tolC gene. The htrP gene was sequenced and shown to code for an acidic, 27,471-Da polypeptide and to be transcribed counterclockwise with respect to the genetic map. The predicted HtrP protein has two potential transmembrane segments and shares an identity of 64.4% over a length of 210 amino acids with the LuxH protein. Despite the fact that the htrP gene is essential for E. coli growth exclusively at high temperatures, the levels of htrP-specific transcripts decrease with increasing temperature.
Highly Accurate Automated 3D Measuring and Data Conditioning for Turbine and Compressor Blades (2009)

The measurement of compressor or turbine blades is very interesting for quality control and inspection checks. Especially for mechanical wear valuation it is important to inspect the whole geometry of a blade with main focus on the airfoil. This 3D measurement task, which involves many identical components, and high accuracy, as well as high point density in the airfoil edge regions, demands detailed planning of the appropriate 3D-measuring machine, measurement planning, reproducibility as well as analysis and provision of measuring values for the user. Preliminary investigations were carried out to select an appropriate measuring method providing both a complete geometric and as automatic as possible acquisition of blade geometries. Another constraint was that the technique had to make efficient use of time and be accurate. A data processing routine using software developed at TU Dresden is used for automated analysis and provision of measuring values for the user. The approach to linking automated complete 3D data acquisition by means of strip projection with automated analysis of measuring data opens up the option of using it as an efficient 3D-measuring machine for high accuracy requirements and higher quantities. The method shown can be transferred to other objects that need to be scanned in larger quantities.
Flow cytometry-assisted Monte Carlo simulation predicts clonogenic survival of cell populations with lognormal distributions of radiopharmaceuticals and anticancer drugs (2011)

These data indicate that, with the aid of flow cytometry, Monte Carlo simulations can be used to predict the toxicity of therapeutic agents in a manner that takes into account the effects of lognormal and other nonuniform distributions of agents within cell populations.
Grid-connected converters with virtual electromechanical characteristics: experimental verification (2017)

Grid-connected power converters, which are frequently used to link renewable generation plants with the grid, are required to provide a better functionality for large scale integration of renewables. They are expected to be gridfriendly, or even grid-supportive, instead of simply grid-feeding or grid-demanding. This paper designs a synchronous power controller for grid-connected converters in detail, emulating the electromechanical characteristics of synchronous machines and improving even its actual performance, as it is based on a virtual approach. Based on this design, the grid-interfacing units are capable of showing inertia, damping, and droop characteristics as synchronous machines and presenting thus a grid-supporting behavior. The detailed control design and experimental validation on a 10 kW laboratory setup acts as the main contribution of this paper, compared with the existing studies on generator emulation controls.
探究神经内科患者昏迷的临床诊断与治疗方法 (2021)

目的：探究神经内科患者昏迷的临床诊断与治疗方法。方法：回顾性分析2020年1月至2020年12月本院神经内科昏迷患者60例，对患者进行血尿常规、血糖、颅脑CT、心电图等检查，个体化治疗患者，分析患者的抢救情况，统计分析患者抢救前后的RR、SaO2、PaO2、PaCO2。结果：60例患者中，抢救成功55例，抢救成功率为91.7%；抢救失败5例，抢救失败率为8.3%，其中脑血管疾病2例，糖尿病1例、急性中毒1例、颅内感染1例，分别占3.3%、1.7%、1.7%、1.7%。患者抢救后RR、PaCO2均显著低于抢救前（P ＜ 0.05），SaO2、PaO2均显著高于抢救前（P ＜ 0.05）。结论：最短时间内判断神经内科昏迷患者的病因并给予其规范、科学、合理的抢救能够促进患者抢救成功率的有效提升。
Depression and the Risk of Alzheimer Disease (2005)

Depression was associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer disease. The odds ratios were lower than generally reported from follow-up studies and are similar to cross-sectional studies.
Serum and ascitic fluid bacterial DNA: A new independent prognostic factor in noninfected patients with cirrhosis (2008)

The presence of bactDNA in a patient with cirrhosis during an ascitic episode is an indicator of poor prognosis. This fact may be related to the development of acute-on-chronic liver failure at short term and does not predict the development of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.
Editorial: Respiratory Virus Infection: Recent Advances (2020)

EDITORIAL article Front. Med., 09 June 2020Sec. Infectious Diseases – Surveillance, Prevention and Treatment Volume 7 - 2020 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.00257
Flagellated Magnetotactic Bacteria as Controlled MRI-trackable Propulsion and Steering Systems for Medical Nanorobots Operating in the Human Microvasculature (2009)

Although nanorobots may play critical roles for many applications in the human body such as targeting tumoral lesions for therapeutic purposes, miniaturization of the power source with an effective onboard controllable propulsion and steering system have prevented the implementation of such mobile robots. Here, we show that the flagellated nanomotors combined with the nanometer-sized magnetosomes of a single Magnetotactic Bacterium (MTB) can be used as an effective integrated propulsion and steering system for devices such as nanorobots designed for targeting locations only accessible through the smallest capillaries in humans while being visible for tracking and monitoring purposes using modern medical imaging modalities such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Through directional and magnetic field intensities, the displacement speeds, directions, and behaviors of swarms of these bacterial actuators can be controlled from an external computer.
Guide for Contributors (2016)

The Journal of Methods and Measurement in the Social Sciences (JMM) publishes articles related to methodology and research design, measurement, and data analysis.The journal is published twice yearly, and features theoretical, empirical and educational articles.JMM is meant to further our understanding of methodology and how to formulate the right questions.It is broadly concerned with improving the methods used to conduct research, the measurement of variables used in the social sciences, and improving the applications of data analysis.In addition to research articles, the journal welcomes instructional articles and brief reports or commentaries.We welcome sound, original contributions.
Surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy study of the interaction of the antitumoral drug emodin with human serum albumin (2004)

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy was employed in this work to study the interaction between the antitumoral drug emodin and human serum albumin (HSA), as well as the influence of fatty acids in this interaction. We demonstrated that the drug/protein interaction can take place through two different binding sites which are probably localized in the IIA and IIIA hydrophobic pockets of HSA and which correspond to Sudlow's I and II binding sites, respectively. The primary interaction site of this drug seems to be site II in the defatted albumin. Fatty acids seem to displace the drug from site II to site I in nondefatted HSA, due to the high affinity of fatty acids for site II. The drug interacts with the protein through its dianionic form in defatted HSA (when placed in the site II) and through its neutral form in the site I of nondefatted albumins.
A New Paradigm for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Targeting Vascular Activation (2014)

No disease-modifying therapies are currently available for Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder that affects more than 36 million people worldwide. Although cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes are increasingly implicated as contributing to the development of AD, the mechanisms whereby these factors influence pathological processes in the AD brain have not been defined. Here we propose, for the first time, vascular activation as a relevant mechanism in AD pathogenesis. We explore this hypothesis in two transgenic AD animal models: AD2576APPSwe (AD2576) and LaFerla 3xTg (3xTgAD) mice using the vascular activation inhibitor sunitinib. Our data show that in both AD animal models, the cerebrovasculature is activated and overexpresses amyloid beta, thrombin, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, and matrix metalloproteinase 9. Oral administration of sunitinib significantly reduces vascular expression of these proteins. Furthermore, sunitinib improves cognitive function, as assessed by several behavioral paradigms, in both AD animal models. Finally, oxidant injury of brain endothelial cells in culture, resulting in expression of inflammatory proteins, is mitigated by sunitinib. The current data, as well as published studies showing cerebrovascular activation in human AD, support further exploration of vascular-based mechanisms in AD pathogenesis. New thinking about AD pathogenesis and novel, effective treatments are urgently needed. Identification of "vascular activation" as a heretofore unexplored target could stimulate translational investigations in this newly defined area, leading to innovative therapeutic approaches for the treatment of this devastating disease.
Gut Check: <i>Clostridium difficile</i> Testing and Treatment in the Molecular Testing Era (2014)

We evaluated the impact of nursing education and stewardship interventions on Clostridium difficile testing and treatment appropriateness. Diarrhea documentation increased for those with positive tests (45% to 70%); pretreatment laxative use decreased (50% to 19%). Appropriate treatment increased for severe infection (57% to 93%), but all asymptomatically colonized patients were treated.