gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An integrated optical sensor for GMAW feedback control (1992)

The integrated optical sensor (IOS) is a multifunction feedback control sensor for arc welding, that is computer automated and independent of significant operator interaction. It is based on three major ``off-the-shelf`` components: a charged coupled device (CCD) camera, a diode laser, and a processing computer. The sensor head is compact and lightweight to avoid interference with weld head mobility, hardened to survive the harsh operating environment, and free of specialized cooling and power requirements. The sensor is positioned behind the GMAW torch and measures weld pool position and width, standoff distance, and postweld centerline cooling rate. Weld pool position and width are used in a feedback loop, by the weld controller, to track the weld pool relative to the weld joint, thus allowing compensation for such phenomena as arc blow. Sensor stand off distance is used in a feedback loop to control the contact tip to base metal distance during the welding process. Cooling rate information is used to infer the final metallurgical state of the weld bead and heat affected zone, thereby providing a means of controlling post weld mechanical properties.
s Multiple-State Context-Dependent Phonetic Modeling with MLP (1992)

arlier hybrid multilayer perceptron (MLP)/hidden Markov model (HMM) continuous speech recognition sysr g tems have not modeled context-dependent phonetic effects, sequences of distributions for phonetic models, o ender-based speech consistencies. In this paper we present a new MLP architecture and training procedure for t &quot; modeling context-dependent phonetic classes with a sequence of distributions. A new training procedure tha smooths&quot; networks with different degrees of context-dependence is proposed in order to obtain a robust estip mate of the context-dependent probabilities. We have used this new architecture to model generalized biphone honetic contexts. Tests with the speaker-independent DARPA Resource Management database have shown d w average reductions in word error rates of 20% in both the word-pair grammar and no-grammar cases, compare ith our earlier context-independent MLP/HMM hybrid. P 1. Introduction revious work by Morgan, Bourlard, et al. [1, 2] has shown both the...
Application of the Short-Pulse Propagation Technique for Broadband Characterization of PCB and Other Interconnect Technologies (2010)

A comprehensive overview is given of the strengths, limitations, and applicability of the short-pulse propagation technique (SPP). SPP is shown to be able to extract the broadband characteristics of a wide range of interconnect technologies found in digital computer applications and generate causal predictive models. Examples are given of such applications from on-chip wiring, ceramic and organic chip carrier, cards, boards, to cables, and structures with large inhomogeneities, such as found in differential and microstrip cases, irregularities (such as introduced by roughening of metallization), and various operating conditions, such as variable temperature and humidity. The use of SPP as a virtual test bench is explained and showcased through the analysis of the impact of manufacturing tolerances and via stub length on the electrical characteristics. The diverse versatility of the SPP method is discussed through many examples on practical interconnect structures with special emphasis on printed circuit board wiring.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY OF TROPOLONE DERIVATIVES. 2 (1985)

Abstract Es werden die Verbindungen (II), (IV), (V), (IX) und (XI) synthetisiert und auf Antitumor‐ Wirkung untersucht.
Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC (2015)

An energy storage system having a multiple different types of energy storage and conversion devices. Each device is equipped with one or more sensors and RFID tags to communicate sensor information wirelessly to a central electronic management system, which is used to control the operation of each device. Each device can have multiple RFID tags and sensor types. Several energy storage and conversion devices can be combined.
Registration of G11‐7013 soybean germplasm with high meal protein and resistance to soybean cyst nematode, southern root‐knot nematode, and stem canker (2022)

Abstract G11‐7013 (Reg. no. GP‐447, PI 699240) is a conventional maturity group (MG) VII soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] line. It contains a 50% genetic background of an accession from South Africa by pedigree, with resistance to soybean cyst nematode race 3 ( Heterodera glycines ), southern root‐knot nematode ( Meloidogyne incognita ), and stem canker ( Diaporthe aspalathi ) and high meal protein. G11‐7013 was developed and released by the University of Georgia (UGA) Agricultural Experiment Stations in 2020. G11‐7013 is an F 5 –derived plant selection from ‘Boggs’ × PI 221717. G11‐7013 consistently yielded more than the elite parent Boggs in UGA advanced yield trials. Across 25 environments in the United Soybean Board Southern Protein Diversity Yield Trials MG‐VII, G11‐7013 yielded a range of 93–104% of the elite check cultivar mean over 5 yr, with an average of 98% of check means. G11‐7013 has a protein content of 436 g kg –1 , a meal protein value of 51%, and an oil content of 217 g kg –1 . G11‐7013 exceeds the desired meal protein levels required for soybean and derives from a diverse genetic background. Because of its high yield, high protein content, disease resistance package, and diverse pedigree, G11‐7013 can be used as a parental stock in both public and private sectors to develop high‐yielding, high‐meal‐protein soybean cultivars.
Preferential light absorption in atheromas in vitro. Implications for laser angioplasty. (1986)

Laser angioplasty, the in situ ablation of arterial obstructions with laser radiation, has been demonstrated in animal models and early clinical trials. A problem with this technique, however, is the possibility of thermal damage to adjacent or underlying normal tissues that also absorb the radiation. Using a spectrophotometer with an integrating sphere and a specially constructed tunable-dye laser-based spectrophotometer, we evaluated the transmittance and remittance of human cadaveric atheromas and adjacent normal aorta from 250 to 1,300 nm to identify wavebands where there is preferential light absorption by atheromas. Data were analyzed by both the Kubelka-Munk formalism and a Beer's law model. Both methods indicate that atheromas absorb more than normal aorta between 420 and 530 nm. At 470 nm the average Kubelka-Munk absorption coefficient of atheromas from 10 cadavers was 54 +/- 9 cm-1 compared with 26 +/- 6 cm-1 for normal aortic specimens from seven cadavers. Yellow chromophores responsible for the atheroma absorbance were extractable with xylenes. Thin-layer chromatography and absorption spectra identified the extracted chromophores as predominantly consisting of a mix of carotenoids, which are known constituents of atheromatous lesions. Preferential absorption of blue light by carotenoids in atheromas may permit selective ablation of atheromatous obstructions with appropriate pulses of laser radiation.
MethylMeter(r): A Quantitative, Sensitive, and Bisulfite-Free Method for Analysis of DNA Methylation (2012)

MethylMeter(r): A Quantitative, Sensitive, and Bisulfite-Free Method for Analysis of DNA Methylation
Wide load range resonant converter supplying the SAE J-1773 inductive charging interface (2002)

The recommended practice for electric vehicle battery charging using inductive coupling (SAE J-1773), published in January 1995 by the Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. (SAE), outlines values and tolerances for critical vehicle inlet parameters which must be considered when selecting a driving topology. The inductive coupling vehicle inlet contains a significant discrete capacitive component in addition to low magnetizing and high leakage inductances. Driving the topology with a variable-frequency, series-resonant converter results in a four-element topology with many desirable features: unity transformer turns ratio; buck-boost voltage gain; current source operation; monotonic power transfer characteristic over a wide load range; throttling capability down to no-load; high-frequency operation; narrow frequency range; use of zero-voltage-switched MOSFETs with slow integral diode; high efficiency; inherent short-circuit protection; secondary dv/dt control and current waveshaping for the cable, coupler and vehicle inlet resulting in enhanced electromagnetic compatibility.
Optimization of Screw Expanders for Power Recovery From Low-Grade Heat Sources (2014)

In systems for recovering power from low-grade heat sources, using twin screw machines to expand wet vapors, the power output depends on the conflicting requirements of high heat recovery and high working fluid temperatures, the dryness fraction of the fluid entering the expander, the rotor diameter and profile, the speed, and the built-in volume ratio. To obtain the best combination of these, for maximum power output per unit flow of a given heating medium, optimization methods and their associated numerical procedures can be used. This article focuses on the optimization of the geometry of a twin screw machine for the expansion of wet steam, with the aim of maximizing power output. Representative machine operating conditions are specified, and the methods used for the design of the machine are described. The predicted performance is compared with experimental data for the optimized machine, and close agreement is found between the predicted and measured results for power output, mass flow rate, and efficiency.
Ion emission intensity ratios as a function of electrode gap, melting current, and pressure during low current vacuum arc remelting (1994)

The arc energy distribution in the electrode gap plays a central role in the vacuum arc remelting (VAR) process. However, very little has been done to investigate the response of this important process variable to changes in process parameters. Emission spectroscopy was used to investigate variations in arc energy in the annulus of a VAR furnace during melting of 0.43 m diameter Alloy 718 electrode into 0.51 in diameter ingot. Time averaged (1 second) intensity data from various chromium atom and ion (Cr{sup +}) emission lines were simultaneously collected and selected intensity ratios were subsequently used as air energy indicators. These studies were carried out as a function of melting current, electrode gap, and CO partial pressure. The data were modeled and the ion electronic energy was found to be a function of electrode gap, the energy content of the ionic vapor decreasing with increasing gap length; the ion ratios were not found to be sensitive to pressure. On the other hand, the chromium atom electronic energy was difficult to model in the factor space investigated, but was determined to be sensitive, to pressure. The difference in character of the chromium ion and atom energy fluctuations in the furnace annulus are attributed to the difference in the origins of these arc species and the non-equilibrium nature of the metal vapor arc. Most of the ion population is emitted directly from cathode spots, whereas much of the atomic vapor arises due to vaporization from the electrode and pool surfaces. Also, the positively charged ionic species interact more strongly with the electron gas than the neutral atomic species, the two distributions never equilibrating due to the low pressure.
Adaptive-Optics High-Resolution and High-Speed Retinal in vivo Fourier-Domain OCT (2005)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text R. J. Zawadzki, S. Laut, J. S. Werner, S. M. Jones, S. S. Olivier, M. Zhao, B. A. Bower, and J. A. Izatt, "Adaptive-optics high-resolution and high-speed retinal in vivo Fourier-domain OCT," in Optical Coherence Tomography and Coherence Techniques II, W. Drexler, ed., Vol. 5861 of Proc. SPIE (Optica Publishing Group, 2005), paper MA4. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Watermarking-based copyright protection of sequential functions (2000)

Watermarking is one of several techniques available today to deter copyright infringement in electronic systems. The technique consists of implanting indelible stamps in the circuit's inner structure, while not disrupting its functionality nor degrading its performance significantly. In this paper, a novel method is proposed for the creation of watermarks in regular sequential functions. This is an important class of functions, as it is the basis of most digital controllers. Algorithms are proposed for implanting robust watermarks to minimize the overhead and, ultimately, to reduce the impact on performance. Detection methods have been discussed in the presence of infringement attacks. The resilience of the method in several tampering regimes has been estimated. Examples illustrate the suitability of the approach.
Blink Rate Patterns Provide a Reliable Measure of Individual Engagement with Scene Content (2020)

Eye-blinking has emerged as a promising means of measuring viewer engagement with visual content. This method capitalizes on the fact that although we remain largely unaware of our eye-blinking in everyday situations, eye-blinks are inhibited at precise moments in time so as to minimize the loss of visual information that occurs during a blink. Probabilistically, the more important the visual information is to the viewer, the more likely he or she will be to inhibit blinking. In the present study, viewer engagement was experimentally manipulated in order to: (1) replicate past studies suggesting that a group of viewers will blink less often when watching content that they perceive as more important or relevant; (2) test the reliability of the measure by investigating constraints on the timescale over which blink rate patterns can be used to accurately quantify viewer engagement; and (3) examine whether blink rate patterns can be used to quantify what an individual - as opposed to a group of viewers-perceives as engaging. Results demonstrate that blink rate patterns can be used to measure changes in individual and group engagement that unfold over relatively short (1 second) and long (60 second) timescales. However, for individuals with lower blink rates, blink rate patterns may provide less optimal measures when engagement shifts rapidly (at intervals of 1 second or less). Findings support the use of eye-blink measures in future studies investigating a person's subjective perception of how engaging a stimulus is.
<title>VLSI architecture and implementation of a multifunction, forward/inverse discrete cosine transform processor</title> (1990)

The Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is considered to be the most effective transform coding technique for image and video compression. In this paper, a new implementation of an experimental prototype multi-function DCT/IDCT (Inverse DCT) chip is reported. The chip is based on a distributed arithmetic architecture. The main features of the chip include: 1) The DCT and the IDCT are integrated in the same chip, 2) the chip achieves high accuracy, exceeding the stringent requirements of a proposed CCITF standard, 3) it achieves a high operating speed of 27 MHz, and is thus applicable to a wide-range of real-time image and video applications, 4) the internal clock frequency is the same as the pixel rate, and 5) with an on-chip zigzag scan converter and an adder/subtractor, it is multifunctional and useful in a DPCM configuration. The chip is implemented with standard cells and contains about 156k transistors.
Development of a Novel Tumor-Targeted Vascular Disrupting Agent Activated by Membrane-Type (2010)

Vascular disrupting agents (VDA) offer a strategy to starve solid tumors of nutrients and oxygen concom- itant with tumor shrinkage. Several VDAs have progressed into early clinical trials, but their therapeutic value seems to be compromised by systemic toxicity. In this report, we describe the design and characterization of a novel VDA, ICT2588, that is nontoxic until activated specifically in the tumor by membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP). HT1080 cancer cells expressing MT1-MMP were selectively chemosensitive to ICT2588, whereas MCF7 cells that did not express MT1-MMP were nonresponsive. Preferential hydrolysis of ICT2588 to its active metabolite (ICT2552) was observed in tumor homogenates of HT1080 relative to MCF7 homogenates, mouse plasma, and liver homogenate. ICT2588 activation was inhibited by the MMP inhibitor ilomastat. In HT1080 tumor-bearing mice, ICT2588 administration resulted in the formation of the active metabolite, diminution of tumor vasculature, and hemorrhagic necrosis of the tumor. The antitumor activity of ICT2588 was superior to its active metabolite, exhibiting reduced toxicity, improved therapeutic index, enhanced pharmacodynamic effect, and greater efficacy. Coadministration of ICT2588 with doxorubicin resulted in a significant antitumor response (22.6 d growth delay), which was superior to the administration of ICT2588 or doxorubicin as a single agent, including complete tumor regressions. Our findings support the clinical development of ICT2588, which achieves selective VDA targeting based on MT-MMP activation in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Res; 70(17); 6902-12. ©2010 AACR.
Polyvinyl Alcohol-Cellulose Nanofibrils-Graphene Oxide Hybrid Organic Aerogels (2013)

Hybrid organic aerogels consisting of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), and graphene oxide nanosheets (GONSs) were prepared using an environmentally friendly freeze-drying process. The material properties of these fabricated aerogels were measured and analyzed using various characterization techniques including compression testing, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis, Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, and contact angle measurements. These environmentally friendly, biobased hybrid organic aerogels exhibited a series of desirable properties including a high specific compressive strength and compressive failure strain, ultralow density and thermal conductivity, good thermal stability, and moisture resistance, making them potentially useful for a broad range of applications including thermal insulation.
Static Eccentricity Fault Detection for PSH-type Induction Motors Considering High-order Air Gap Permeance Harmonics (2021)

Diagnosis of static eccentricity (SE) fault for induction motors (IMs) is essential for the quality control of the machines, especially during their manufacturing process. Principal slot harmonic (PSH) type IMs have special combinations of rotor bar number and pole pair number, and it has been shown in previous works that conventional methods cannot effectively detect SE fault for these machines. Aiming at finding an effective approach for the SE fault detection for PSH-type IMs, this paper presents an analysis of SE-induced line currents in IMs with the higher-order harmonics of the air gap permeance considered. The analysis reveals that the second-order harmonic in the air gap permeance can induce SE-level-related signals in the line current of PSH-type three-phase IMs. The generation mechanism of the signature current signal is validated by simulations with an analytical IM model and a time-stepping finite element model. The signature signal in the motor's current discussed in this paper provides a new method for quantitative detection of SE fault for PSH-type IMs.
Method to extend dynamic range of CMOS image sensor using different frame-rate read out (2003)

In this article, we propose a method to extend the dynamic range of the CMOS image sensor to both high illumination and low illumination. A one-frame period is divided into a period of long accumulation for low illumination, and periods of short accumulation for high illumination. The sensor data accumulated for short time are read out several times, and all of data are added repeatedly in a processing unit integrated. The SNR dip at boundary of low illumination and high illumination regions is reduced by the integration of the short accumulated signals. Because the proposed method is independent of the type of pixel structure, the low-noise characteristics can be achieved, allowing to use, for example, 4-transistor APS with a pinned photo diode. If the ratio of the long accumulation time and the short accumulation time is 128 and the number of addition times is 8, the dynamic range is extended to 41.6dB and the SNR dip is -11 dB.
Cerium-Hydrogen Redox Flow Cell Optimization (2016)

The Ce/H 2 redox flow cell is a promising system for large-scale energy storage due to its high open circuit potential (OCV) relative to other aqueous systems.[1] The system consists of an electrochemical cell which is fed reactants from storage tanks containing gaseous hydrogen (negative side) and an aqueous solution of Ce 3+ and Ce 4+ (positive side). During discharge, hydrogen is oxidized to protons at the negative electrode. The protons pass through an ion-conducting membrane and react with Cerium(IV) methanesulfonate at the positive electrode to produce Cerium(III) methanesulfonate and methanesulfonic acid (MSA). The electrochemical reactions are shown below with the forward direction corresponding to discharge and the reverse to charge. Negative: 0.5H 2 (g) = H + (aq) + e - E 0 =0.00V (1) Positive: Ce 4+ (aq) + e - = Ce 3+ (aq) E 0 =1.5-1.7V (2) Overall: Ce 4+ (aq) + 0.5H 2 (g) = Ce 3+ (aq) + H + (aq) E 0 =1.5-1.7V (3) Previous work by Hewa Dewage et. al established proof of concept for this device, demonstrating ~150mW/cm2 peak discharge power using platinized titanium mesh cerium electrode and commercial Pt-on-carbon paper hydrogen electrode.[1] In this work, we further optimize the cell materials, electrolyte composition, and operating protocol. It is found that Pt mesh type and surface area, membrane pretreatment, MSA concentration, and upper cutoff voltage have a large impact on performance. Optimizing these parameters results in power density exceeding 650 mW/cm2, as shown in Figure 1. Cell cycling efficiency is shown as a function of current density in Figure 2. Energy efficiency of 90% is achieved, although at low current density. Inefficiency is dominated by voltaic losses, which are thought to arise from kinetic and mass-transport limitations in the cerium electrode. This paper will discuss the optimization effort in detail, as well as initial cycling stability results. Based on these results, we conclude that the cerium/hydrogen redox flow cell is indeed a good candidate for large-scale energy storage, due to high cell voltage, promising power density and energy efficiency, and reasonable cerium solubility. Future efforts should focus on developing improved cerium-electrode structures and catalysts, and determining durability of the cell. References [1] Hewa Dewage, H., B. Wu, A. Tsoi, V. Yufit. G. Offer, and N. Brandon, J. Mater. Chem. A (2015) 3, 9446-9450. Figure 1
On-line Handwritten Devanagari Character Recognition using Fuzzy Directional Features (2015)

This paper describes a new feature set for use in the recognition of on-line handwritten Devanagari script based on Fuzzy Directional Features. Experiments are conducted for the automatic recognition of isolated handwritten character primitives (sub-character units). Initially we describe the proposed feature set, called the Fuzzy Directional Features (FDF) and then show how these features can be effectively utilized for writer independent character recognition. Experimental results show that FDF set perform well for writer independent data set at stroke level recognition. The main contribution of this paper is the introduction of a novel feature set and establish experimentally its ability in recognition of handwritten Devanagari script.