gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Particle Surface Design using an All‐Dry Encapsulation Method (2006)

Initiated chemical vapor deposition enables an all-dry encapsulation of fine particles down to the nanoscale by functional polymers. Initiator vapor is first thermally activated to form primary radicals, which, together with the monomer vapor, are adsorbed onto the particle surface where free-radical polymerization creates a stoichiometric polymer coating (see figure). This polymer coating can subsequently be immobilized with other desired functional molecules.
A secondary path modeling technique for active noise control systems (1997)

A secondary path modeling technique for active noise control systems is developed for both on-line and off-line modeling with faster convergence and higher modeling accuracy. The optimum delay for the adaptive prediction error filter to reduce the interference in system modeling is equal to the length of the impulse response of the secondary path being modeled.
Efficient Algorithms for Testing the Twins Property (2003)

Weighted automata and transducers are powerful devices used in many large-scale applications. The efficiency of these applications is substantially increased when the automata or transducers used are deterministic. There exists a general determinization algorithm for weighted automata and transducers that is an extension of the classical subset construction used in the case of unweighted finite automata [14]. However, not all finite-state transducers or weighted automata and transducers can be determinized using that algorithm, thus the question of the determinizability in that sense is essential. There exists a characterization of the determinizability of functional finite-state transducers and that of unambiguous weighted automata over the tropical semiring based on a general twins property. In the case of finite-state transducers, we give an efficient algorithm for testing functionality in time $O(|Q|^2 |\Delta|+|E|^2) where $Q$ is the set of states, $E$ the set of transitions, and $\Delta$ the output alphabet of the input transducer. We also present a new and computationally more efficient algorithm for testing the twins property whose complexity is $O(|Q|^2(|Q|^2 + |E|^2))$. In the automata case, we present a new and substantially more efficient algorithm for testing the twins property for unambiguous and cycle-unambiguous weighted automata over commutative and cancellative semirings whose complexity is $O(|Q|^2 +|E|^2)$, which we conjecture to be optimal. Our experiments show our algorithms for testing the twins property to be practical with large weighted automata and transducers of several million transitions found in speech recognition applications.
Microbial Production of Methyl Ketones. Purification and Properties of a Secondary Alcohol Dehydrogenase from Yeast (1979)

Cell-free extracts derived from yeasts Candida utilis ATCC 26387, Hansenula polymorpha ATCC 26012, Pichia sp. NRRL-Y-11328 Torulopsis sp. strain A1 and Kloeckera sp. strain A2 catalyzed an NAD+-dependent oxidation of secondary alcohols (2-propanol, 2-butanol, 2-pentanol, 2-hexanol) to the corresponding methyl ketones (acetone, 2-butanone, 2-pentanone, 2-hexanone). We have purified a NAD+-specific secondary alcohol dehydrogenase from methanol-grown yeast, Pichia sp. The purified enzyme is homogenous as judged by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The purified enzyme catalyzed the oxidation of secondary alcohols to the corresponding methyl ketones in the presence of NAD+ as an electron acceptor. Primary alcohols were not oxidized by the purified enzyme. The optimum pH for oxidation of secondary alcohols by the purified enzyme is 8.0. The molecular weight of the purified enzyme as determined by gel filtration is 98 000 and subunit size as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis is 48 000. The activity of the purified secondary alcohol dehydrogenase was inhibited by sulfhydryl inhibitors and metal-binding agents.
Analysis of Antineoplastic Polysaccharides from <i>Mycobacterium Bovis</i> BCG Vaccine by High Performance Anion Exchange Chromatography with Pulsed Amperometric Detection (1996)

Abstract Aqueous extracts of Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccine, Tice® substrain, showed potent antineoplastic activity against a murine S180 sarcoma cell line in vivo. Following Sephadex LH-20 chromatography, one fraction (PSIA) was found to have antineoplastic activity, and contains complex polysaccharides. PS1A was further separated into four subfractions by Sephadex G-75 column chromatography. An HPLC method has been established for the analyses of polysaccharides in PS1A and its subfractions. Using a Dionex DX500 HPLC system, separation was achieved on a CarboPac PA1 anion exchange column by gradient elution with 0.1 M NaOH and 0.9 M NaOH/1 M NaOAc. Pulsed amperometry with three potential waveforms (E1 =0.1 v, E2=0.7v and E3=-0.1v) was used for detection. The HPLC chromatogram of PS1A showed three major peaks with retention times of 8.5, 15.5 and 19.25 min., respectively, and these three peaks have been identified in the subfractions of PS1A.
Gamma-ray nuclear resonance absorption (γ-NRA) for explosives detection in air cargo (1999)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation D. Vartsky, M. B. Goldberg, G. Engler, A. Goldschmidt, G. Feldman, D. Bar, E. Sayag, D. Katz, R. A. Krauss; Gamma-ray nuclear resonance absorption (γ-NRA) for explosives detection in air cargo. AIP Conf. Proc. 10 June 1999; 475 (1): 687–690. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.59212 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
An Example-Based Facial Sketch Generation System (2003)

In this paper, an example-based facial sketch system is presented, which automatically generates a sketch from an input image. All the example sketches are drawn with a particular style. There are two key elements in this system, a non-parametric sampling method and a flexible sketch model. Given an input image pixel and its neighborhood, the conditional distribution of a sketch point is computed by querying the examples and finding all similar neighborhoods. An expected sketch image is then drawn from the distribution to reflect the drawing style. Finally, good quality facial sketches are obtained.
Combinatorial Treatment Effects in a Cell Culture Model of Alzheimer’s Disease (2016)

The above findings support a novel therapeutic approach to address a currently unmet medical need, which would benefit not only AD patients and their caregivers, but also society as a whole.
SideBySide (2011)

We introduce SideBySide, a system designed for ad-hoc multi-user interaction with handheld projectors. SideBySide uses device-mounted cameras and hybrid visible/infrared light projectors to track multiple independent projected images in relation to one another. This is accomplished by projecting invisible fiducial markers in the near-infrared spectrum. Our system is completely self-contained and can be deployed as a handheld device without instrumentation of the environment. We present the design and implementation of our system including a hybrid handheld projector to project visible and infrared light, and techniques for tracking projected fiducial markers that move and overlap. We introduce a range of example applications that demonstrate the applicability of our system to real-world scenarios such as mobile content exchange, gaming, and education.
Bloom Cookies: Web Search Personalization without User Tracking (2015)

Author(s): Nitesh Mor, Oriana Riva, Suman Nath, John Kubiatowicz Download: Paper (PDF) Date: 7 Feb 2015 Document Type: Briefing Papers Additional Documents: Slides Associated Event: NDSS Symposium 2015 Abstract: We propose Bloom cookies that encode a user’s profile in a compact and privacy-preserving way, without preventing online services from using it for personalization purposes. The … Continued
CF-Based Adaptive PAPR Reduction Method for Block Diagonalization-Based Multiuser MIMO-OFDM Signals (2011)

This paper investigates the application of a previously proposed adaptive peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction method based on clipping and filtering (CF) to block diagonalization-based multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission. Assuming that the total number of receiver antennas is less than that for the transmitter antennas, we introduce virtual streams used only for PAPR reduction and the precoding matrix for these virtual streams, where the virtual streams do not impart interference to the actual data streams. Since the interference caused by the clipping operation is concentrated in the virtual streams and consequently restricts the interference to the actual data stream, the proposed method can significantly improve the sum capacity compared to the conventional CF method for a given PAPR. Simulation results show the capacity gain using the proposed method compared to the conventional method.
Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptor in Human Breast Cancer (2002)

Abstract : In this IDEA Award we proposed to test the hypothesis that the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) may be used as a marker for the detection and diagnosis of breast tumors and that the regulation of PBR expression/function may eventually help in the treatment of breast cancer. In this progress report, we present evidence that elevated PBR expression in breast, colon-rectum and prostate tissues is associated with tumor progression and we propose that PBR overexpression could serve as a novel prognostic indicator of an aggressive phenotype in breast, colorectal and prostate cancers. Moreover, we demonstrated that expression of PBR in non-aggressive breast cancer tumor cells results in increased cell proliferation and that the ability of the aggressive, hormone-independent, MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells to form tumors in vivo may depend on the amount of PBR present in these cells. In addition, we report the surprising finding that the increase in PBR expression in more aggressive cancers is the result of both gene amplification and increased gene transcription/translation.
Reactogenicity and antigenicity of rhesus rotavirus vaccine (MMU-18006) in newborn infants in Venezuela (1988)

The reactogenicity and antigenicity of the rhesus rotavirus vaccine, strain MMU18006, developed at the Laboratory of Infectious Diseases (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health) were examined in a double blind, placebo-controlled study of 40 newborn infants in Caracas, Venezuela. The children were observed for the first few days after birth in the hospital nursery and by home visits for 10 days after vaccination to detect any adverse reactions. No reactions could be attributed to the vaccine. Serologic responses to the vaccine were evaluated in paired sera obtained at birth (cord blood) and 4 weeks after vaccination. Serologic responses to the vaccine were not observed by complement fixation, neutralization or a rhesus rotavirus VP7 epitope-specific competition assay. However, such responses were found in 9 of 14 tested infants by an immunoglobulin A-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Seventeen of the 20 vaccinees also shed rhesus rotavirus vaccine in stool during the postvaccination period.
Monocoque shell and tube heat exchanger for thermoacoustics (2018)

Heat exchangers can be a limiting factor to thermoacoustic power density. They can also be difficult to construct because of a tendency toward many small parts due to the small size of the thermal penetration depth. We present a heat exchanger that consists of around five pieces and yet has very small feature size and is easy to construct in large numbers. A sacrificial mandrel, consisting of a sheet with a lattice of specially shaped holes, is formed by casting in a mold with a lattice of specially shaped pins. The mandrel is plated with nickel, electroless nickel, or other metal. The mandrel is then removed by melting or dissolving, leaving a monocoque tube bundle. A screen mesh may be joined to one or both faces of the monocoque to act as fins to improve thermal contact to the working fluid that flows through the tubes. Coolant flows around the tubes within the monocoque shell. For a typical device, we find that without a mesh on the monocoque, lost work is minimized with tubes on the order of 8 mm long and spaced by 0.4 mm, but with a 100-mesh copper screen on both faces, the tubes can be a more manageable 3 mm long spaced by 4 mm.
Absorbance-modulation optical lithography (2006)

We describe a new mode of optical lithography called absorbance-modulation optical lithography (AMOL) in which a thin film of photochromic material is placed on top of a conventional photoresist and illuminated simultaneously by a focal spot of wavelength lambda1 and a ring-shaped illumination of wavelength lambda2. The lambda1 radiation converts the photochromic material from an opaque to a transparent configuration, thereby enabling exposure of the photoresist, while the lambda2 radiation reverses the transformation. As a result of these competing effects, the point-spread function that exposes the resist is strongly compressed, resulting in higher photolithographic resolution and information density. We show by modeling that the point-spread-function compression achieved via AMOL depends only on the absorbance distribution in the photostationary state. In this respect, absorbance modulation represents an optical nonlinearity that depends on the intensity ratio of lambda1 and lambda2 and not on the absolute intensity of either one alone. By inserting material parameters into the model, a lithographic resolution corresponding to lambda1/13 is predicted.
Light-emitting porous silicon: materials science, properties, and device applications (1995)

Silicon-based, light-emitting devices (LED's) should find numerous uses in optoelectronics. For example, the integration of silicon LED's with silicon microelectronics could lead to reliable and inexpensive optical displays and optical interconnects. Until recently, however, it had not been possible to obtain efficient room-temperature luminescence from silicon. The demonstration in 1990 that a form of silicon called "porous" can emit bright photoluminescence in the red region of the spectrum triggered worldwide research efforts aimed at establishing the mechanisms for the unexpected luminescence and at fabricating efficient and durable LED's. In less than five years, significant progress has been achieved on both fronts, LED's emitting throughout the visible spectrum have been demonstrated, and the best measured external electroluminescence efficiency has risen from 10/sup -5/% to /spl sim/0.01% at room temperature. The photoluminescence efficiency of the best samples is near 10% at room temperature, and light-emitting porous silicon (LEPSi) that luminesces from the blue part of the spectrum to the infrared beyond 1.5 /spl mu/m has been produced. In this article, we first review why silicon is a poor light emitter and then define porous silicon and its main properties. We then focus on the properties of the three luminescence bands ("red," "blue," and "infrared") and present the results of femtosecond time-resolved optical measurements. Next, we report progress toward the fabrication of LED's and discuss some specific device structures. Finally, we outline what is necessary for commercial LEPSi LED's to become a reality and report on experimental results that suggest the possible integration of LEPSI with standard microelectronic devices.
Dual illumination mode photoacoustic tomography for quantitative imaging (2010)

This study presents an algorithm to estimate the background optical properties for quantitative imaging, based on the initial pressure distribution obtained from photoacoustic tomography (PAT). The algorithm utilizes an alternative illumination mode of our original PAT system, which separately illuminates tissue from forward and backward directions toward an array transducer. The optical properties are determined by minimizing the difference between the following two ratios: one is the ratio of initial pressure distribution obtained from the illumination modes, the other is the ratio of the calculated light fluence distribution. We show that the algorithm estimates the background optical properties even if the initial pressure distribution is reconstructed under the limited-view conditions.
An Overview of Biopulping Research : Discovery and Engineering (1998)

Biopulping is defined as the treatment of wood chips with lignin-degrading fungi prior to pulping. Fungal pretreatment prior to mechanical pulping reduces electrical energy requirements during refining or increases mill throughput, improves paper strength, reduces the pitch content, and reduces the environmental impact of pulping. Our recent work involved scaling up the biopulping process towards the industrial level, investigating both the engineering and economic feasibility. We envision the process to be done in either a chip-pile or silo-based system for which several factors need to be considered: the degree of decontamination, a hospitable environment for the fungus, and the overall process economics. Currently, treatment of the chips with low-pressure steam is sufficient for decontamination and a simple, forced ventilation system maintains the proper temperature, humidity, and moisture conditions, thus promoting uniform growth of the fungus. The pilot-scale trial resulted in the successful treatment of 4 tons of wood chips (dry weight basis) with results comparable to those on a laboratory. Larger, 40-ton trials were also successful, with energy savings and paper properties comparable with the laboratory scale. The overall economics of the process also look very favorable and can result in significant annual savings to the mill. Although the current research has focused on biopulping for mechanical pulping, it is also beneficial for sulfite chemical pulping and some applications to recycled fiber have been investigated.
Active learning for automatic speech recognition (2002)

State-of-the-art speech recognition systems are trained using transcribed utterances, preparation of which is labor intensive and time-consuming. In this paper, we describe a new method for reducing the transcription effort for training in automatic speech recognition (ASR). Active learning aims at reducing the number of training examples to be labeled by automatically processing the unlabeled examples, and then selecting the most informative ones with respect to a given cost function for a human to label. We automatically estimate a confidence score for each word of the utterance, exploiting the lattice output of a speech recognizer, which was trained on a small set of transcribed data. We compute utterance confidence scores based on these word confidence scores, then selectively sample the utterances to be transcribed using the utterance confidence scores. In our experiments, we show that we reduce the amount of labeled data needed for a given word accuracy by 27%.
Correction for angular spread in HDR determination of IR optical constants (2003)

Hemispherical Directional Reflectometer (HDR) measurements provide broadband IR data for oblique polarized reflection as well as normal-incidence transmission. Tests on thin polymer films in low-loss wavelength ranges typically show fringes conforming to Fresnel reflection/transmission. Hence, HDR experiments are a promising approach to determining optical constants for organic materials. The same experiments also quantify operational features of the HDR for applications to inorganic materials. Exploration of the HDR as a device for determining the optical constants of thin films shows that accuracy of data-reduction algorithms for n and k can be improved by simulating a feature that arises from limits on angular resolution achievable in the HDR configuration. In particular, an overhead mirror used to collect IR radiation scattered from the sample film subtends a non-negligible angle. This effect causes measured reflection extrema to be "damped" relative to rigorous calculations assuming incidence at a discrete angle. The transmission and polarized reflection actually observed are well simulated by a simple algorithm that averages power scattering over an angular spread corresponding to the size of the mirror. An algorithm incorporating corrections for angular spread has been developed to determine film thickness as well as optical constants on low-loss ranges, and has been validated by application to a polyethylene film.
Collapsed regime operation of capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers based on wafer-bonding technique (2004)

We report experimental results from collapsed regime operation of the capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (cMUTs) fabricated by a wafer bonding technique. The results show that a cMUT operating in the collapsed regime produces a maximal output pressure higher than a cMUT operating in the precollapse regime at 90% of its collapse voltage, 1.79kPa/V vs. 9.72 kPa/V at 2.3 MHz. in collapsed regime operation the fractional bandwidth (pulse-echo) is increased compared to that obtained in precollapsed regime operation 140% vs 83% with a bias 90% of the collapse voltage. Characterization of 1-D cMUT arrays operating in oil was done by ultrasonic pulse echo and pitch catch measurements.
Controlled release of macromolecules from electrical and chemical stimuli‐sensitive hydrogels (1993)

Abstract The controlled release of drugs from hydrogels has progressed from systems that merely swell in water, to novel hydrogels with specific chemical properties which respond to various stimuli to facilitate drug release. Specifically, electro‐erodible hydrogels are synthesized by polymer chain complexation and precipitation through hydrogen or ionic bonds. The surface of the solid polymer device is eroded or dissolved in response to an applied electric current. When a constant electric current is applied, zero‐order release of entrapped drug is achieved. However, if a step‐function current is applied, the drug can be released in an on‐off pattern. Concanavalin A microspheres, a protein gel, has been synthesized to release insulin in response to glucose concentrations. This microsphere gel has specific binding affinity for glucose and mannose. A synthesized glycosylated insulin was loaded on the microspheres and then released in response to glucose concentrations via a competitive binding exchange mechanism.
Expression of a functional neisserial <i>fbp</i> gene in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1992)

The ability to acquire iron from a human host is a major determinant in the pathogenesis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis. Pathogenic Neisseria spp. do not synthesize siderophores and instead express a receptor-mediated, high-affinity iron acquisition system in the iron-restricted environment of its host. A ferric-iron-binding protein (Fbp) of Neisseria spp. is also iron-regulated and may play a central role in this novel iron-uptake system. To define the physical properties of Fbp further, we used polymerase chain reaction to synthesize DNA fragments containing the fbp structural gene with and without the sequence encoding the Fbp leader peptide. These fragments were ligated into pUC13 to create in-frame fusions with the alpha peptide of lacZ. The expression of Fbp was under the control of the lacZ promoter. Both fusion clones produced Fbp in large amounts, facilitating the purification of quantities of Fbp sufficient for elucidating the biochemical, immunologic, and functional properties of this protein.