gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Colourless FSK/ASK Optical Network Unit based on a Fabry Pérot type SOA/REAM for symmetrical 10 Gb/s WDM-PONs (2009)

An Optical Network Unit based on colourless detection of optical frequency modulated signals based on\na combination of Semiconductor Optical Amplifier and Reflective Electroabsorption modulator with intensity\nremodulation for symmetrical full-duplex 10Gb/s transmission is demonstrated.
A Nonrecursive Digital Calibration Technique for Joint Elimination of Transmitter and Receiver I/Q Imbalances With Minimized Add-On Hardware (2013)

A nonrecursive digital calibration technique, namely, local oscillator (LO) switching, is proposed for jointly eliminating transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) I/Q imbalances in one combined process. The add-on analog parts are limited to a set of source followers (0.00228 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) and metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) switches (0.00017 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) for reusing the 90 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> phase shift property of the reference LO, avoiding the sinusoidal test tone, loop-back detector, high-speed analog-to-digital converter, and 2-D iterative search algorithm, mostly required in the prior art. A 65-nm complementary MOS transceiver, which is codesigned with a field-programmable-gate-array-based coordinate rotation digital computer algorithm, measures a 10-dB improvement in the image rejection ratio of both the TX (27.8 → 37.2 dB) and the RX (31.2 → 42 dB). The required digital circuitry for the algorithm is also assessed and simulated.
Image-processing Based Panoramic Camera Employing Single Fisheye Lens (2010)

We have developed mathematically precise image-processing algorithms for extracting panoramic images from fisheye images. Furthermore, we have successfully built a DSP-based panoramic camera employing single fisheye lens.
Production of synthetic fuels by high‐temperature co‐electrolysis of carbon dioxide and steam with Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis (2016)

Numerous entities are currently involved in the production of synthetic fuels using various feedstock options including natural gas, refuse derived fuel, landfill gas, anaerobic digester gas, coal, and mixtures of these inputs. Current world‐class FT plants (∼15 900 m 3 /d or 100 000 barrels per day) require large deposits of natural gas (i.e. ∼1.78 m 3 /L/d or 10 MSCF/BPD means gas sources that can provide ∼10 billion m 3 per year for plant lifetime). Modular Fischer‐Tropsch (FT) reactors currently under development have some unique features that reduce cost and provide the ability to utilize sources of natural gas, biomass, or other under‐utilized sources of energy that would otherwise not be developed. The current Ceramatec modular FT reactor operates with a fixed bed size of 10 cm diameter using an internal heat transfer structure to keep axial and radial temperature variation to < 10 °C. The internal heat transfer media avoids the traditional problem with fixed bed reactors of heat removal from highly exothermic reactions. These reactors can also be used to mitigate the current concern with emissions of carbon dioxide when used in conjunction with high‐temperature co‐electrolysis (HTCE) of carbon dioxide and water to produce synthesis gas and subsequently synthetic fuels. When combined with a non‐carbon source of electricity such as wind, solar, biomass gasification, or anaerobic digester gas, it is possible to store intermittent sources of electricity as liquid fuels for later use. The HTCE generally operates at a voltage of 1.32 V and a current density of ∼300 mA/cm 2 .
On the Importance of Stereo for Accurate Depth Estimation: An Efficient\n Semi-Supervised Deep Neural Network Approach (2018)

We revisit the problem of visual depth estimation in the context of\nautonomous vehicles. Despite the progress on monocular depth estimation in\nrecent years, we show that the gap between monocular and stereo depth accuracy\nremains large$-$a particularly relevant result due to the prevalent reliance\nupon monocular cameras by vehicles that are expected to be self-driving. We\nargue that the challenges of removing this gap are significant, owing to\nfundamental limitations of monocular vision. As a result, we focus our efforts\non depth estimation by stereo. We propose a novel semi-supervised learning\napproach to training a deep stereo neural network, along with a novel\narchitecture containing a machine-learned argmax layer and a custom runtime\n(that will be shared publicly) that enables a smaller version of our stereo DNN\nto run on an embedded GPU. Competitive results are shown on the KITTI 2015\nstereo dataset. We also evaluate the recent progress of stereo algorithms by\nmeasuring the impact upon accuracy of various design criteria.\n
Body Core Temperature Sensing: Challenges and New Sensor Technologies (2016)

Core temperature measurements have gained a growing interest as the development of this value can be used to estimate the mental and physical performance of workers or athletes. It can also be used to plan the application of warming of perioperative patients to reduce risks during or due to surgery. While invasiveness and accuracy was correlated up to know, several sensor principles are known today, that can measure with the sensor attached to the skin. Some of these are presented here, while for one solution, the results of clinical studies are presented that prove the competitiveness with invasive methods of this sensor. Offering a simple method for core temperature sensing could increase the acceptance to monitor this and achieve the mentioned effects.
The Commercialization Of Engineered Diamond Technology (1988)

Some of the commercial aspects of thin diamond films deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition are reviewed. Diamond films deposited by the use of DC bias have been characterized by using a variety of techniques including Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The relationship between deposition conditions and film characteristics are discussed.
Objective evaluation of the correction by non-rigid registration of abdominal organ motion in low-dose 4D dynamic contrast-enhanced CT (2012)

We objectively evaluate a straightforward registration method for correcting respiration-induced movement of abdominal organs in CT perfusion studies by measuring the distributions of alignment errors between corresponding landmark pairs. We introduce the concept and describe the advantages of using the surface-normal component of distance between pairs of corresponding landmarks selected so that their surface normal is in one of the three coordinate axis directions, and show that such landmarks can be precisely placed with respect to the surface normal. Using a large population of landmark pairs on a substantial quantity of 4D dynamic contrast-enhanced CT volume data, we quantify the average alignment errors of abdominal organs that remain uncorrected by registration.
Low power cross-point memory architecture (2011)

Design techniques are described for building cross-point resistive memory arrays without the use of a selection device for each resistive memory element. A memory cell selection technique is shown to allow the use of low voltage transistors and to solve IR drop, electro-migration and disturb issues on the selected array lines. Physical implementation is also presented.
Association of<i>BDNF</i>Val66Met With Tau Hyperphosphorylation and Cognition in Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Disease (2022)

In DIAD, clinical disease stage and BDNF Met66 were associated with cognitive impairment and levels of site-specific tau phosphorylation. This suggests that pharmacological strategies designed to increase neurotrophic support in the presymptomatic stages of AD may be beneficial.
Identification of failed fuel element. [LMFBR] (1976)

A passive fission product gas trap is provided in the upper portion of each fuel subassembly in a nuclear reactor. The gas trap consists of an inverted funnel of less diameter than the subassembly having a valve at the apex thereof. An actuating rod extends upwardly from the valve through the subassembly to a point where it can be contacted by the fuel handling mechanism for the reactor. Interrogation of the subassembly for the presence of fisson products is accomplished by lowering the fuel handling machine onto the subassembly to press down on the actuating rod and open the valve. 1 claim, 4 drawing figures.
Color Gamut Mapping (2008)

Foreword. Series Preface. Preface. 1. Introduction. 2. Basics of Color Science. 3. Desired Color Reproduction Properties and their Evaluation. 4. Color Reproduction Data Flows. 5. Overview of Gamut Mapping. 6. Color Spaces for Gamut Mapping. 7. Basic Computational Geometry for Gamut Mapping. 8. Color Gamuts and their Computation. 9. A Case Study: Minimum Color Difference Gamut Clipping. 10. Survey of Gamut Mapping Algorithms. 11. Gamut Mapping Algorithms and Color Management Systems. 12. Evaluating Gamut Mapping Algorithms. 13. Conclusions. References. Index.
Comparative evaluation of 6/8 and 6/10 switched reluctance machines for traction application in Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (2011)

Switched reluctance machine (SRM) is an attractive candidate for traction applications owing to its simple structure, robustness to harsh operating conditions and wide extended speed constant power range. Conventional SRM has higher number of stator poles than the rotor poles. Configurations with higher number of rotor poles using the new pole design (PD) formula, takes SRM one step further in traction applications by improving its output torque with lower torque ripple. However, higher number of rotor poles brings important geometrical restrictions on the dimensions of the machine. This paper compares two possible 3 phase SRM configurations with higher number of rotor poles to have more flexible design in geometry. The effect of decrease in the number of rotor poles is investigated using finite element analysis on the performance and volume of a 5hp SRM model for a traction application.
Differential effects of targeting Notch receptors in a mouse model of liver cancer (2014)

These findings underscore the distinct roles of different Notch receptors in the liver and suggest that inhibition of Notch2 signaling represents a novel therapeutic option in the treatment of liver cancer.
Novel Sub-Micron Silica Gels for Glossy, Ink-Receptive Coatings (1999)

Advances in ink-jet printing technology have enabled the output of digital images that rival the quality of images produced on photographic film. As a result, there is demand for ink-jet media with intermediate and high gloss finishes, so that the ink-jet printed image resembles a photographic image. Coated ink-jet media are necessary to produce the desired glossy image characteristics. Existing coating technologies can be divided into those that are resin rich, and those that are pigment rich. The latter coatings are microporous as a result of the packing of small, inorganic particles. A key ingredient used widely in both types of systems is amorphous silica, which imparts many desirable characteristics to the coating and final image.We report here novel submicron-sized materials, based on amorphous silica gels, that can be used to prepare high capacity ink-receptive coatings that also exhibit gloss finishes. As a result of their internal porosity, the materials can be used to produce coatings with substantial void space for liquid absorption. As a result of their small particle size, the materials can be used to produce films of relatively high gloss, even in a pigment rich coating film. These new materials should play an integral role in the development of coated, glossy media for high productivity ink-jet printers.
Higher-Order-Statistics-Based Fractal Dimension for Noisy Bowel Sound Detection (2014)

Bowel sounds is an important physiological parameter of distinguishing the gastrointestinal motility dysfunction. Auscultation of bowel sounds provides a noninvasive way for clinical diagnosis, but it is also easily affected by environmental noise. In this study, a novel higher-order-statistics (HOS)-based fractal dimension algorithm was proposed for detecting noisy bowel sounds. By using the nature of preserving non-Gaussianity for higher order statistics technique, the proposed method can effectively detect bowel sounds under different noise conditions, and its performance is insensitive to the change of noise type and noise level.
Ethanol from low grade carbonaceous resources (1994)

Anhydrous ethanol can be produced quite competitively from low grade carbonaceous resources in high yield via gasification, methanol synthesis, carbonylation of methanol and hydrogenation consecutively. Gas phase carbonylation of methanol to form methyl acetate is the key step for the whole process. Methyl acetate can be produced very selectively in one step gas phase reaction on a fixed bed column reactor with HGSV over 5,000. The consecutive hydrogenation of methyl or ethyl acetate produces anhydrous ethanol in high purity. It is also possible to increase the efficiency of power generation by combining with a methanol plant where low grade carbonaceous resources are used as energy sources, and the surplus power and pre-power gas from the gasifier with constant operation can be stored in a liquid form of methanol during base load time. The above technology combination can generate significant industrial profitability as well as reduce the environmental complication related with energy consumption.
Fabrication and mechanical properties of Fe sub 3 Al-based iron aluminides (1990)

Iron aluminides based on Fe{sub 3}Al are ordered intermetallic alloys that offer good oxidation resistance, excellent sulfidation resistance, and lower material cost than many stainless steels. These materials also conserve strategic elements such as chromium and have a lower density than stainless steels. However, limited ductility at ambient temperature and a sharp drop in strength have been major deterrents to their acceptance for structural applications. This report presents results on iron aluminides with room-temperature elongations of 15 to 20%. Ductility values were improved by a combination of thermomechanical processing and heat-treatment control. This method of ductility improvement has been demonstrated for a range of compositions. Melting, casting, and processing of 7-kg (15-lb) heats produced at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and 70-kg (150-lb) commercial heats are described. Vacuum melting and other refining processes such as electroslag remelting are recommended for commercial heats. The Fe{sub 3}Al-based iron aluminides are hot workable by forging or extruding at temperatures in the range of 850 to 1100{degree}C. rolling at 800{degree}C is recommended with a final 50% reduction at 650{degree}C. Tensile and creep properties of 7- and 70-kg (15- and 150-lb) heats are presented. The presence of impurities such as manganese an silicon played an important role in reducing the ductility of commercially melted heats. 7 refs., 60 figs., 12 tabs.
Advances in AlGaN/GaN HEMT Surface Passivation (2016)

The high efficiency and power density of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) can be limited by parasitic charge trapping at sites on the semiconductor surface. Trapped electrons at the surface deplete the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG), resulting in effects known as current collapse, increased dynamic on-resistance, DC-RF dispersion, among others. A plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) SiN layer is conventionally implemented as surface passivation for GaN HEMTs, however the properties of this SiN layer and the impact of this layer on current collapse depend drastically on the deposition conditions of this film. Although passivation of GaN HEMTs has been studied extensively, the specific details behind the SiN passivation deposition are not commonly provided within literature. In this work, we investigate several passivation PECVD SiN passivation schemes and study their performance under dynamic switching conditions, under off-state stress, and implement electroluminescence imaging to identify electric field nonunifornities.
Clinical Validation of a Machine-learning–derived Signature Predictive of Outcomes from First-line Oxaliplatin-based Chemotherapy in Advanced Colorectal Cancer (2020)

Application of FOLFOX<i>ai</i> could lead to improvements of treatment outcomes for patients with mCRC and other cancers because patients predicted to have less benefit from oxaliplatin-containing regimens might benefit from alternative regimens.
Fourier transform-based optical waveguide filters and WDMs (1996)

Summary form only given. We have introduced a new type of optical filter comprising a chain of couplers and differential delays based on Fourier expansion. We have demonstrate a 1.31/1.55-/spl mu/m WDM with a rectangular response and an EDFA gain equalization filter as two examples.
827 Diagnostic of Impulse Line Blockage with Differential Pressure Transmitter : Part5: Blockage Detection at Oil Line (2007)

Differential pressure transmitter with an orifice is widely used as a major field flowmeter. This type flowmeter is sometimes in trouble because of an impulse line blockage. Hence, applying characteristics of pressure fluctuation reduction by this trouble, this paper develops a detection method of the impulse line blockage with multi-sensing differential pressure transmitter in steady-state oil line that can change kinetic viscosity from 10 to 50[cSt]. In this investigation, laminar flow has smaller pressure fluctuation than turbulent flow, however, the method can detects impulse line blockage in any state of flow.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Oxidations with Ceric Methanesulfonate and Ceric Trifluoromethanesulfonate. (1987)

Abstract Oxidation of the toluenes (I) with the Ce(IV) sulfonates (II) gives the benzaldehydes (III); ethylbenzene (IV) is oxidized to yield acetophenone (V).
Trapezoidal and Triangular Waveform Profiles for Reducing Power Dissipation in Liquid Crystal Displays (2008)

We propose to replace the rectangular select pulses in all the conventional addressing techniques with either trapezoidal or triangular select waveforms to reduce the power dissipated in rms responding liquid crystal displays. A realistic analysis that includes the distortion in the addressing waveforms is presented for trapezoidal, triangular profiles, as well as their equivalents in discrete domain viz. the multi-step profiles and the results are compared. Good brightness uniformity among pixels that are driven to same state is achieved as a spinoff of the analysis and application of a correction voltage at the end of the select pulses. Increase in hardware complexity and the cost is minimal because just the voltage level generator circuit is modified to achieve reduction in power dissipation with new waveform profiles.
Separation behavior of basic compounds on unbonded silicon oxynitride and silica high‐performance liquid chromatography stationary phases with reversed‐phase eluents (2016)

Unbonded silicon oxynitride and silica high-performance liquid chromatography stationary phases have been evaluated and compared for the separation of basic compounds of differing molecular weight, pK<sub>a</sub> , and log D using aqueous/organic mobile phases. The influences of percentage of organic modifier, buffer pH, and concentration in the mobile phase on base retention were investigated on unbonded silicon oxynitride and silica phases. The results confirmed that unbonded silicon oxynitride and silica phases demonstrated excellent separation performance for model basic compounds and both the unbonded phases examined possessed a hydrophobic/adsorption and ion-exchange character. The silicon oxynitride stationary phase exhibited high hydrophilicity compared with silica with a reversed-phase mobile phase. An ion-exclusion-type mechanism becomes predominant for the separation of three aimed bases on the silicon oxynitride column at pH 2.8. Different from silicon oxynitride stationary phase, no obvious change for the retention time of three model bases on silica stationary phase at pH 2.8 can be observed.
Continuous localization of ectopic left ventricular activation sites by means of a two-dimensional representation of body surface QRS integral maps (2002)

By means of Karhunen-Loeve transformation it is possible to represent electrocardiographic body surface QRS integral maps using only two coefficients while retaining more than 80% of information. These coefficients are computed for a number of mean paced QRS integral maps, which were acquired from well-defined ventricular segments and are contained in a database used for localization of the origin of ventricular tachycardia. It is shown that these two coefficients are sufficient to compute the pacing site in a continuous fashion, without reference to a limited number of segments. These coefficients facilitate and improve the ventricular tachycardia localization procedure based on using the database of paced QRS integral maps, by establishing the relation between QRS integral map and corresponding site of origin.
Cyclotron emission from intense relativistic electron beams in uniform and rippled magnetic fields (1981)

Abstract Millimeter wave emission from intense, relativistic electron beams (V ≃ 1 MV. I ≃ 5 kA) propagating in uniform and rippled magnetic fields has been studied experimentally at frequencies ranging from 8 to 140 GHz, For beams propagating in a uniform guiding magnetic field, the measured spectra correspond to those predicted theoretically for the unstable cyclotron maser (gyrotron) modes. Superimposing a periodic transverse magnetic field (a wiggler), the power in these modes is enhanced by one to two orders in magnitude, due to the additional transverse electron velocity acquired by the electrons. In our system the wiggler-enhanced cyclotron maser instability dominates over other radiation mechanisms, such as the collective (Raman) free electron laser instability, which has not been detected.