gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of B16 melanoma growth and metastatic activity by combined administration of pterostilbene and quercetin. (2004)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 45, 2004

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Inhibition of cancer growth by resveratrol ( trans -3,5,4′-trihydroxystilbene, R), a phytoalexin present in many plant species, is limited by its low bioavailability (Asensi, M. et al. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 33: 387–398, 2002). Thus structural modifications of the R molecule to increase its bioavailability while preserving its biological activity are necessary. The 4′-OH and stereoisomery in its trans -conformation are absolutely required for inhibition of cell proliferation (Stivala, L.A. et al. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 22586–22594, 2001). Pterostilbene (3,5-dimethoxy-4′-hydroxystilobene, P), a naturally ocurring analogue of R also shows similar anticarcinogenic properties (Rimando, A.M. J. Agric. Food Chem. 50: 3453–3457, 2002). Besides, flavonoids are among the most potent antioxidants because they show one or more of the following structural elements: an o -diphenolic group, a 2–3 double bond conjugated with the 4-oxo function, OH groups in position 3 and 5. Quercetin (3,3′,4′,5,6-pentahydroxyflavone, Q) combines all these 3 properties. Both, P or Q (10 μM) decreased (70% inhibition) in vitro growth of highly metastatic B16-F10 melanoma cells (B16M-F10). However B16M-F10 growth was inhibited up to 95% when both P+Q were present. Higher concentrations (20 μM) of these polyphenols caused massive apoptotic B16M-F10 cell death in vitro . Oral administration of P+Q (10 mg each/kg body weight) decreased hepatic metastatic growth (76% inhibition) of B16M-F10 cells inoculated intrasplenically into mice. The antimetastic mechanism involved a P (2 μM)-induced inhibition of vascular adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) expression in the hepatic sinusoidal endothelium, which consequently decreased in vitro B16M-F10 cell adhesion to the endothelium via very late activation antigen 4 (VLA-4). Pharmacokinetics studies showed that P and Q have much longer half-lifes than R. P bioavailability can be further improved by phosphorylating the OH group at the 4′ position. We propose P and Q as a bioavailable combination with potent anticancer effects.
Development and evaluation of immunoassay for detection of antibodies to the feline T-lymphotropic lentivirus (feline immunodeficiency virus) (1989)

The feline T-cell lymphotropic lentivirus (feline immunodeficiency virus) is a recently described feline-specific retrovirus that can produce chronic immunodeficiency-like disorders in cats. A microdilution plate format enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay has been developed to detect the presence of antibody to the virus in feline serum or plasma. Temporal studies performed with experimentally infected animals show that seroconversion can be demonstrated 3 to 4 weeks after exposure to the virus. Results of a serosurvey (n = 1,556 samples) indicate that infection is fairly common in both clinic (5.2%) and sick cat (15.2%) populations. Western blot (immunoblot) and sodium dodecyl sulfate radioimmunoprecipitation assays were developed to confirm microdilution plate test results and to identify peptides specific for the feline immunodeficiency virus. All microdilution plate test positive results and selected negative results were confirmed by one or both of these procedures. These data demonstrate that this microassay plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is a very sensitive and specific test for detection of antibody to the feline immunodeficiency virus.
Spatial light structuring using a combination of multiple orthogonal orbital angular momentum beams with complex coefficients (2017)

Analogous to time signals that can be composed of multiple frequency functions, we use uniquely structured orthogonal spatial modes to create different beam shapes. We tailor the spatial structure by judiciously choosing a weighted combination of multiple modal states within an orthogonal orbital angular momentum (OAM) basis set, creating desired beam intensity "shapes." The weights of the OAM beams to be combined forms a Fourier pair with the spatial intensity distribution in the azimuthal direction of the resultant beam. As an example, we simulate and experimentally create various beam shapes by designing the weights of the combined OAM beams. We also find that 6× higher localized power, as compared to traditional beam combining, could be achieved by coherently combining nine orthogonal OAM beams.
Multi-interferometric displacement measurement system with variable measurement mirrors (2013)

Laser interferometers have been widely implemented for the displacement sensing and positioning calibration of the precision mechanical industry, due to their excellent measuring features and direct traceability to the dimensional definition. Currently some kinds of modified Fabry-Perot interferometers with a planar mirror or a corner cube prism as the measurement mirror have been proposed. Each optical structure of both models has the individual particularity and performance for measuring applications. In this investigation, a multi-interferometric displacement system has been proposed whose measurement mirror can be quickly and conveniently altered with a planar mirror or a corner cube reflector depending on the measuring demand. Some experimental results and analyses about the interpolation error and displacement measurements with both reflectors have been demonstrated. According to the results, suggestions about the choice of a measuring reflector and interpolation model have been presented. With the measuring verifications, the developed system with a maximum standard deviation less than 0.2081 μm in measuring range of 300 mm would be a compact and robust tool for sensing or calibrating the linear displacement of mechanical equipment.
Efficient Human Hematopoietic Cell Transduction Using RD114- and GALV-Pseudotyped Retroviral Vectors Produced in Suspension and Serum-Free Media (2009)

Retroviral vectors derived from the Moloney murine leukemia virus have been used in successful and promising gene therapy clinical trials. However, platforms for their large-scale production must be further developed. As a proof of principle, we reported the generation of a packaging cell line that produces amphotropic retroviral vectors in suspension and serum-free medium (SFM). In the present study, we have constructed and characterized two retroviral packaging cell lines designed for gene transfer in hematopoietic cells. These cell lines grow in suspension and SFM, and produce high-titer RD114- and gibbon ape leukemia virus (GALV)-pseudotyped vectors for a 3-month culture period. Viral particles released are as robust during repeated freeze-thaw cycles and on thermal inactivation at 37 degrees C as their counterparts produced in cells cultured adherently with serum. We also show that RD114- and GALV-pseudotyped vectors produced in suspension and SFM efficiently transduce human lymphocytes and hematopoietic stem cells. As these retroviral packaging cell lines distinctively maintain high vector titers while growing in suspension and SFM, we conclude that these cell lines are uniquely suitable for large-scale clinical-grade vector production for late-phase clinical trials involving gene transfer into hematopoietic cells.
23.3: Flexible Semitransparent eWriter Displays (2015)

Flexible semitransparent cholesteric liquid crystal eWriters have been developed. It was found that the absorption of the opaque layer used to enhance the contrast of the display can be lowered to allow for a new use model of the eWriter as a tracing device, among others.
<title>Reflective color STN-LCD technologies</title> (1998)

Reflective color STN-LCDs should be one of the most promising devices for mobile business tools (MBT), because the demand such as low cost, low power consumption, light weight and compact size is especially strong for this application. A reflective color STN-LCD with a single polarizer and double retardation films has been investigated. The double retardation films arranged in front of LC-layer enabled the LCD to contain reflective electrodes inside the panel. This configuration achieves the bright image with no parallax. A new construction of a reflective STN-LCD with a single polarizer has been decided by means of our own method in which the color difference (Delta) E* as the optimizing parameter has been used. Further, RGB color filters has been newly designed for our reflective LCD, and the aluminum (Al) layer has been introduced as reflective electrodes. As a result, we have realized 7.8-in.-diagonal refractive color STN-LCD(640 by 480) which has 15% reflectance, 1:14 contrast ratio, 4096 color capability and the sufficient color gamut. It has been confirmed that the single polarizer reflective color STN-LCD has sufficient enough performance for MBT use. We believe that it will be a key device for this application.
A Mutation in Mouse <i>rad51</i> Results in an Early Embryonic Lethal That Is Suppressed by a Mutation in <i>p53</i> (1996)

RecA in Escherichia coli and its homolog, ScRad51 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are known to be essential for recombinational repair. The homolog of RecA and ScRad51 in mice, MmRad51, was mutated to determine its function. Mutant embryos arrested early during development. A decrease in cell proliferation, followed by programmed cell death and chromosome loss, was observed. Radiation sensitivity was demonstrated in trophectoderm-derived cells. Interestingly, embryonic development progressed further in a p53 null background; however, fibroblasts derived from double-mutant embryos failed to proliferate in tissue culture.
A new mutation-independent approach to cancer therapy: Inhibiting oncogenic RAS and MYC, by targeting mitochondrial biogenesis (2017)

Here, we used MCF7 cells as a model system to interrogate how MYC/RAS co-operativity contributes to metabolic flux and stemness in breast cancer cells. We compared the behavior of isogenic MCF7 cell lines transduced with c-Myc or H-Ras (G12V), either individually or in combination. Cancer stem cell (CSC) activity was measured using the mammosphere assay. c-Myc augmented both mammosphere formation and mitochondrial respiration, without any effects on glycolytic flux. In contrast, H-Ras (G12V) synergistically augmented both mammosphere formation and glycolysis, but only in combination with c-Myc, directly demonstrating MYC/RAS co-operativity. As c-Myc is known to exert its effects, in part, by stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis, we next examined the effects of another stimulus known to affect mitochondrial biogenesis, i.e. ROS production. To pharmacologically induce oxidative stress, we used Rotenone (a mitochondrial inhibitor) to target mitochondrial complex I. Treatment with Rotenone showed bi-phasic effects; low-dose Rotenone (1 to 2.5 nM) elevated mammosphere formation, while higher doses (10 to 100 nM) were inhibitory. Importantly, the stimulatory effects of Rotenone on CSC propagation were blocked using a mitochondrial-specific anti-oxidant, namely Mito-tempo. Thus, "mild" mitochondrial oxidative stress, originating at Complex I, was sufficient to pheno-copy the effects of c-Myc, effectively promoting CSC propagation. To validate the idea that mitochondrial biogenesis is required to stimulate CSC propagation, we employed Doxycycline, a well-established inhibitor of mitochondrial protein translation. Treatment with Doxycycline was indeed sufficient to block the stimulatory effects of H-Ras (G12V), c-Myc, and Rotenone on CSC propagation. As such, Doxycycline provides a strong rationale for designing new therapeutics to target mitochondrial biogenesis, suggesting a new "mutation-independent" approach to cancer therapy. In support of this notion, most currently successful anti-cancer agents therapeutically target "cell phenotypes", such as increased cell proliferation, rather than specific genetic mutations. Remarkably, we demonstrated that Doxycycline inhibits the effects of diverse oncogenic stimuli, of both i) genetic (MYC/RAS) and ii) environmental (Rotenone) origins. Finally, we discuss the advantages of our "Proteomics-to-Genomics (PTG)" approach for <i>in silico</i> validation of new biomarkers and novel drug targets. In this context, we developed a new Myc-based Mito-Signature consisting of 3 mitochondrial genes (HSPD1; COX5B; TIMM44) for effectively predicting tumor recurrence (HR=4.69; p=2.4e-08) and distant metastasis (HR=4.94; p=2.8e-07), in ER(+) in breast cancer patients. This gene signature could serve as a new companion diagnostic for the early prediction of treatment failure in patients receiving hormonal therapy.
Effect of Transformation Temperature of Weld Metal on Welding Distortion (2008)

Welding distortion during welding is an inevitable outcome of weld metal shrinkage due to non-uniform heating and cooling in welded joints. Several studies have investigated methods of estimating and controlling welding distortion in order to construct steel structures correctly, easily and efficiently. In the present study, the effect of transformation expansion of the weld metal on welding distortion was investigated in order to develop a welding wire that reduces welding distortion. Concretely, experiments and numerical simulations were performed on the effect of the transformation temperature of the weld metal on angular distortion of a horizontal fillet welded joint. The results showed that angular distortion of the welded joint decreases when the martensitic transformation start temperature of the weld metal decreases in the range from 350°C to 450°C. Based on this result, a welding wire that is effective in reducing welding angular distortion was developed considering usability, weldability and the mechanical properties of welded joints.
Temperature-Sensitive Live-Attenuated Canine Influenza Virus H3N8 Vaccine (2016)

Two influenza A virus subtypes has been reported in dogs in the last 16 years: the canine influenza viruses (CIV) H3N8 and H3N2 of equine and avian origins, respectively. To date, only inactivated influenza vaccines (IIVs) are available to prevent CIV infections. Here, we report the generation of a recombinant, temperature-sensitive H3N8 CIV as a live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV), which was attenuated in mice and dog tracheal, explants compared to CIV H3N8 wild type. A single dose of H3N8 LACIV showed immunogenicity and protection against a homologous challenge that was better than that conferred with an H3N8 IIV, demonstrating the feasibility of implementing a LAIV approach for the improved control of H3N8 CIV infections in dogs.
Gene Therapy and Targeted Toxins for Glioma (2011)

The most common primary brain tumor in adults is glioblastoma. These tumors are highly invasive and aggressive with a mean survival time of 15-18 months from diagnosis to death. Current treatment modalities are unable to significantly prolong survival in patients diagnosed with glioblastoma. As such, glioma is an attractive target for developing novel therapeutic approaches utilizing gene therapy. This review will examine the available preclinical models for glioma including xenograft, syngeneic and genetic models. Several promising therapeutic targets are currently being pursued in preclinical investigations. These targets will be reviewed by mechanism of action, i.e., conditional cytotoxic, targeted toxins, oncolytic viruses, tumor suppressors/oncogenes, and immune stimulatory approaches. Preclinical gene therapy paradigms aim to determine which strategies will provide rapid tumor regression and long-term protection from recurrence. While a wide range of potential targets are being investigated preclinically, only the most efficacious are further transitioned into clinical trial paradigms. Clinical trials reported to date are summarized including results from conditionally cytotoxic, targeted toxins, oncolytic viruses and oncogene targeting approaches. Clinical trial results have not been as robust as preclinical models predicted; this could be due to the limitations of the GBM models employed. Once this is addressed, and we develop effective gene therapies in models that better replicate the clinical scenario, gene therapy will provide a powerful approach to treat and manage brain tumors.
Isolation and structure of the hemichordate cell growth inhibitors cephalostatins 2, 3, and 4 (1988)

Three new cephalostatins possessing powerful cytostatic activity have been isolated from the Indian Ocean marine worm Cephalodiscus gilchristi; structures were assigned on the basis of detailed high-field n.m.r. and mass spectral analyses.
Activation-Independent Cyclization of Monoterpenoids (2011)

The biosynthesis of cyclic monoterpenes (C(10)) generally requires the cyclization of an activated linear precursor (geranyldiphosphate) by specific terpene cyclases. Cyclic triterpenes (C(30)), on the other hand, originate from the linear precursor squalene by the action of squalene-hopene cyclases (SHCs) or oxidosqualene cyclases (OSCs). Here, we report a novel terpene cyclase from Zymomonas mobilis (ZMO1548-Shc) with the unique capability to cyclize citronellal to isopulegol. To our knowledge, ZMO1548-Shc is the first biocatalyst with diphosphate-independent monoterpenoid cyclase activity. A combinatorial approach using site-directed mutagenesis and modeling of the active site with a bound substrate revealed that the cyclization of citronellal proceeds via a different mechanism than that of the cyclization of squalene.
Peptide-Nanoparticle Hybrid SERS Probes for Optical Detection of Protease Activity (2007)

Real-time in situ detection of active proteases is crucial for early-stage cancer screening and cell signaling pathway study; however, it is difficult to achieve using fluorescence or radioactive probes at volumes below 1 nL. Here we demonstrated a hybrid optical probe by incorporating nanocrescent particle and peptides with artificial tag molecules. We performed a proof-of-concept study using prostate specific antigen (PSA), one of the most prominent prostate cancer markers, and a serine protease present in patients' seminal fluid and serum. The Raman spectral signal from the tag molecules is enhanced by the nanocrescent and the signal is monitored as the indicator for peptide cleavage in a femtoliter reaction volume, at levels close to a single proteolytically active PSA molecule. The high reaction specificity of the peptides on individual nanoparticles minimizes the false detection of other serine proteases and background Raman signal, which results in a high-fidelity and high-signal-to-noise-ratio cancer nanoprobe that can be easily incorporated into nano/microfluidic devices.
Hand-based Interface for Augmented Reality (2007)

Augmented reality (AR) is a highly interdisciplinary field which has received increasing attention since late 90s. Basically, it consists of a combination of the real scene viewed by a user and a computer generated image, running in real time. So, AR allows the user to see the real world supplemented, in general, with some information considered as useful, enhancing the users perception and knowledge of the environment. Benefits of reconfigurable hardware for AR have been explored by Luk et al. [4]. However, the wide majority of AR systems have been based so far on PCs or workstations.
Dynamic Compensation in a Failure Diagnosis System for Absorption Chillers/Heaters. (1998)

Recently, environmentally-friendly absorption chillers/heaters have become popular as air conditioning/heating sources. This system is free from CFC use. In this way next improvements such as a system for maintenance, including failure diagnosis, are needed to be considered. The authors earlier proposed a failure diagnosis system for absorption chillers/heaters that is compact and sufficiently accurate. The system uses linear or curvilinear quantitative relationships derived from experiments grounded on qualitative knowledge. These quantitative relationships, however, are only effective in steady-state. Therefore, under the condition of large state-transitions, the possibility of erroneous daignosis exists. In this paper, we propose a compensation method that allows the failure diagnosis system to be effective even under large state-transitions. The method eliminates possibil- ities of fault judgements.
Wafer-level Charged Device Model testing (2008)

Charged Device Model (CDM) ESD testing is demonstrated on wafer level. With a custom probe-mounted printed-circuit board and a high-frequency transformer that captures fast CDM pulses, wafer-level CDM (WCDM) pulses are applied and monitored repeatably. Modeling of CDM and WCDM in the time and frequency domain illustrates the dominant effects, and shows that WCDM can reproduce all the major phenomena of package-level CDM testing.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Steroid Chlorinations Directed by Attached Pyridine Ester Templates. (1987)

Abstract According to experimental procedures described previously, the title reaction converts (Ia) to the major product (Ib) (isolated as (III)) by a radical relay mechanism involving the attachment of a Cl atom to the pyridine nitrogen.
A new field programmable system-on-a-chip for mixed signal integration (1997)

A new RAM-based, mixed-signal, multicontext dynamically reconfigurable Field Programmable Device with on-chip microprocessor is described. A completely integrated mixed-signal CAD and microprocessor programming environment is used to design and simulate electronic systems composed by microprocessor code and digital and analog hardware. The very flexible communication between the microprocessor, the configurable digital cells and the programmable analog blocks makes possible powerful integration, real-time emulation (internal signals and configuration are available to the microprocessor) and advanced run-time reconfiguration.
Deciphering the Glycolipid Code of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Amyloid Proteins Allowed the Creation of a Universal Ganglioside-Binding Peptide (2014)

A broad range of microbial and amyloid proteins interact with cell surface glycolipids which behave as infectivity and/or toxicity cofactors in human pathologies. Here we have deciphered the biochemical code that determines the glycolipid-binding specificity of two major amyloid proteins, Alzheimer's β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) and Parkinson's disease associated protein α-synuclein. We showed that both proteins interact with selected glycolipids through a common loop-shaped motif exhibiting little sequence homology. This 12-residue domain corresponded to fragments 34-45 of α-synuclein and 5-16 of Aβ. By modulating the amino acid sequence of α-synuclein at only two positions in which we introduced a pair of histidine residues found in Aβ, we created a chimeric α-synuclein/Aβ peptide with extended ganglioside-binding properties. This chimeric peptide retained the property of α-synuclein to recognize GM3, and acquired the capacity to recognize GM1 (an Aβ-inherited characteristic). Free histidine (but not tryptophan or asparagine) and Zn2+ (but not Na+) prevented this interaction, confirming the key role of His-13 and His-14 in ganglioside binding. Molecular dynamics studies suggested that the chimeric peptide recognized cholesterol-constrained conformers of GM1, including typical chalice-shaped dimers, that are representative of the condensed cholesterol-ganglioside complexes found in lipid raft domains of the plasma membrane of neural cells. Correspondingly, the peptide had a particular affinity for raft-like membranes containing both GM1 and cholesterol. The chimeric peptide also interacted with several other gangliosides, including major brain gangliosides (GM4, GD1a, GD1b, and GT1b) but not with neutral glycolipids such as GlcCer, LacCer or asialo-GM1. It could inhibit the binding of Aβ1-42 onto neural SH-SY5Y cells and did not induce toxicity in these cells. In conclusion, deciphering the glycolipid code of amyloid proteins allowed us to create a universal ganglioside-binding peptide of only 12-residues with potential therapeutic applications in infectious and neurodegenerative diseases that involve cell surface gangliosides as receptors.