gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Degradable gene delivery systems based on Pluronics-modified low-molecular-weight polyethylenimine: preparation, characterization, intracellular trafficking, and cellular distribution (2012)

This Pluronic-polyethyleneimine system may be worth exploring as components in the cationic copolymers as the DNA or small interfering RNA/microRNA delivery system in the near future.
Introducing agile development into bioinformatics: an experience report (2003)

This experience report describes our efforts to introduce agile development techniques incrementally into our customer's organization in the National Cancer Institute and develop a partnering relationship in the process. The report addresses the steps we have taken not only to deploy the practices, but also to gain customer support for them. It addresses variations we have used to adapt to our customer's environment, including our approach to involving customer personnel at remote locations. We also address challenges we still must face, including how best to manage a product-line with agile development techniques.
Nationwide prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in Sweden: a population-based register study (2013)

The Swedish nationwide register-based IBD prevalence was higher compared with previous Swedish and international estimates. While prevalence estimates were robust across different case definitions, once two or more visits were required, only about one-third of prevalent patients were drawing resources from specialised care in 2010.
G protein‐coupled receptor 84 controls osteoclastogenesis through inhibition of NF‐κB and MAPK signaling pathways (2017)

GPR84, a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family, is found predominantly in immune cells, such as macrophages, and functions as a pivotal modulator of inflammatory responses. In this study, we investigated the role of GPR84 in receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation. Our microarray data showed that GPR84 was significantly downregulated in osteoclasts compared to in their precursors, macrophages. The overexpression of GPR84 in bone marrow-derived macrophages suppressed the formation of multinucleated osteoclasts without affecting precursor proliferation. In addition, GPR84 overexpression attenuated the induction of c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), which are transcription factors that are critical for osteoclastogenesis. Furthermore, knockdown of GPR84 using a small hairpin RNA promoted RANKL-mediated osteoclast differentiation and gene expression of osteoclastogenic markers. Mechanistically, GPR84 overexpression blocked RANKL-stimulated phosphorylation of IκBα and three MAPKs, JNK, ERK, and p38. GPR84 also suppressed NF-κB transcriptional activity mediated by RANKL. Conversely, GPR84 knockdown enhanced RANKL-induced activation of IκBα and the three MAPKs. Collectively, our results revealed that GPR84 functions as a negative regulator of osteoclastogenesis, suggesting that it may be a potential therapeutic target for osteoclast-mediated bone-destructive diseases.
Efficacy and Safety of Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation for Treating Low-Risk Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: A Prospective Study (2016)

RFA can effectively eliminate low-risk PTMC with a very small complication rate. RFA may be an alternative strategy for the treatment of PTMC.
Hepatic inflammation and progressive liver fibrosis in chronic liver disease (2014)

Chronic liver inflammation drives hepatic fibrosis, and current immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, and anti-viral therapies can weaken this driver. Hepatic fibrosis is reversed, stabilized, or prevented in 57%-79% of patients by conventional treatment regimens, mainly by their anti-inflammatory actions. Responses, however, are commonly incomplete and inconsistently achieved. The fibrotic mechanisms associated with liver inflammation have been clarified, and anti-fibrotic agents promise to improve outcomes as adjunctive therapies. Hepatitis C virus and immune-mediated responses can activate hepatic stellate cells by increasing oxidative stress within hepatocytes. Angiotensin can be synthesized by activated hepatic stellate cells and promote the production of reactive oxygen species. Anti-oxidants (N-acetylcysteine, S-adenosyl-L-methionine, and vitamin E) and angiotensin inhibitors (losartin) have had anti-fibrotic actions in preliminary human studies, and they may emerge as supplemental therapies. Anti-fibrotic agents presage a new era of supplemental treatment for chronic liver disease.
Efficacy of a topical serum containing L‐ascorbic acid, neohesperidin, pycnogenol, tocopherol, and hyaluronic acid in relation to skin aging signs (2022)

The tested serum is effective in protecting human skin ex vivo against air pollution-induced skin pigmentation/aging and reduced in vivo skin aging signs, with a good safety profile after 90 days of daily use.
Planning the Blockchain (2017)

The preceding steps uncovered the relation between trust, integrity, purely distributed peer-to-peer systems, and the blockchain. As a result, you now have a good understanding of what the blockchain is, why it is needed, and what problem it solves. However, you still do not know how the blockchain works internally. This step provides a first impression of how the blockchain works by explaining the general application scenario that will guide you through the succeeding steps. It also highlights the major tasks in designing a blockchain for managing ownership and provides an overview of its major concepts.
Design of a Single Stage Turbine for the Quantification of Aerodynamic Damping (2015)

For an experimental study of aerodynamic damping in an axial low pressure turbine, a single stage subsonic turbine blisk is designed and aerodynamically and aeromechanically assessed. The design goals are a low aerodynamic damping, to allow a long ring down of blade vibration, and aeromechanical stable operating points. With respect to these requirements, the aeromechanical analysis is executed using a time-linearized RANS method. The results of the final design are compared with another independent implementation of this method. Further, a preliminary flutter design tool is used to predict flutter stability and to cover the full range of current design tools. The rotor blading is manufactured as a blade integrated disk to eliminate friction damping in the planned experiment on the quantification of aerodynamic damping. To complement the study and to discuss the influence of damping, an experimental modal analysis of the manufactured blisk is completed to identify the frequency response and the damping.
A Study on Teacher Knowledge of Korean Health Teachers (2023)

본 연구목적은 교사의 지식이 교수행동에 직접적인 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 전제 하에 질 높은 수업의 필수조건이라는 근거를 바탕으로 보건교사에게 필요한 내용지식 이론을 설명하고 보건교육에 발전적인 교사지식 이론을 도출하는데 있다. 이를 통해 보건실이 아닌 교실에서 수업을 맡을 현직 보건교사와 예비 보건교사 양성교육에 대한 시사점을 찾고자 노력했다. 교사연구에서 가장 많이 적용하고 있는 교수내용지식(PCK)로 보건교사에게 필요한 교과지식과 전문성을 규명하고자 했다. 따라서 전문직종인 간호사 신분의 보건교사의 학교 내 역할이 매우 중요하며, 수업내용 역시 필수상식이기에 전문가의 예방교육이 반드시 정규수업으로 확대되어야 한다. 그리고 보건교사의 교과지식을 정확한 연구결과를 얻기 위해서는 CCK와 SCK를 정확히 분류할 수 있는 검사 도구의 개발이 선행될 필요가 있다.
Chemical Bonding, Interfaces, and Defects in Hafnium Oxide∕Germanium Oxynitride Gate Stacks on Ge(100) (2008)

Correlations among interface properties and chemical bonding characteristics in HfO{sub 2}/GeO{sub x}N{sub y}/Ge MIS stacks were investigated using in-situ remote nitridation of the Ge (100) surface prior to HfO{sub 2} atomic layer deposition (ALD). Ultra thin ({approx}1.1 nm), thermally stable and aqueous etch-resistant GeO{sub x}N{sub y} interfaces layers that exhibited Ge core level photoelectron spectra (PES) similar to stoichiometric Ge{sub 3}N{sub 4} were synthesized. To evaluate GeO{sub x}N{sub y}/Ge interface defects, the density of interface states (D{sub it}) was extracted by the conductance method across the band gap. Forming gas annealed (FGA) samples exhibited substantially lower D{sub it} ({approx} 1 x 10{sup 12} cm{sup -2} eV{sup -1}) than did high vacuum annealed (HVA) and inert gas anneal (IGA) samples ({approx} 1x 10{sup 13} cm{sup -2} eV{sup -1}). Germanium core level photoelectron spectra from similar FGA-treated samples detected out-diffusion of germanium oxide to the HfO{sub 2} film surface and apparent modification of chemical bonding at the GeO{sub x}N{sub y}/Ge interface, which is related to the reduced D{sub it}.
Coomassie Blue as a Near-infrared Fluorescent Stain: A Systematic Comparison With Sypro Ruby for In-gel Protein Detection (2013)

Quantitative proteome analyses suggest that the well-established stain colloidal Coomassie Blue, when used as an infrared dye, may provide sensitive, post-electrophoretic in-gel protein detection that can rival even Sypro Ruby. Considering the central role of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in top-down proteomic analyses, a more cost effective alternative such as Coomassie Blue could prove an important tool in ongoing refinements of this important analytical technique. To date, no systematic characterization of Coomassie Blue infrared fluorescence detection relative to detection with SR has been reported. Here, seven commercial Coomassie stain reagents and seven stain formulations described in the literature were systematically compared. The selectivity, threshold sensitivity, inter-protein variability, and linear-dynamic range of Coomassie Blue infrared fluorescence detection were assessed in parallel with Sypro Ruby. Notably, several of the Coomassie stain formulations provided infrared fluorescence detection sensitivity to <1 ng of protein in-gel, slightly exceeding the performance of Sypro Ruby. The linear dynamic range of Coomassie Blue infrared fluorescence detection was found to significantly exceed that of Sypro Ruby. However, in two-dimensional gel analyses, because of a blunted fluorescence response, Sypro Ruby was able to detect a few additional protein spots, amounting to 0.6% of the detected proteome. Thus, although both detection methods have their advantages and disadvantages, differences between the two appear to be small. Coomassie Blue infrared fluorescence detection is thus a viable alternative for gel-based proteomics, offering detection comparable to Sypro Ruby, and more reliable quantitative assessments, but at a fraction of the cost.
Exploiting commercial DBS technologies to provide a military Global Broadcast Service (GBS) (2002)

The technical innovations and high power satellites incorporated in commercial direct broadcast service (DBS) systems provide the technology basis for the implementation of a military Global Broadcast Service (GBS). The major DBS systems in the US (PRIMESTAR, DirecTV, USSB, ECHOSTAR) use packet-based digital data streams for the delivery of tailored broadcast "video" information into very small antennas located at distributed consumer locations. The technology incorporated into each receiver, or "set top box," is affordable due to the ability to amortize the cost of developing the application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) over millions of production units. As satellite power and the sophistication of the ground electronics increase, these technologies can provide assured delivery of time-critical information to users worldwide.
Botulinum Toxin and Quality of Life in Patients With Facial Paralysis (2008)

Botulinum toxin has a well-established objective benefit in the control of facial hyperkinesis in patients with facial nerve disorders. This study establishes the associated QOL benefit and reaffirms its important role in the multimodality management of patients with facial nerve disorders.
Experimental comparison of ultrasonic techniques to determine the nonlinearity parameter β (2002)

We describe experiments to evaluate the use of an infrared Michelson interferometer as a quantitative probe of nonlinear ultrasonic propagation. This technique exhibits several distinct advantages over previous methods using capacitive or piezoelectric detectors, including high spatial resolution (typically 10 /spl mu/m), flat broadband response (up to 300 MHz), and simple self-calibration. The method is evaluated by determining the nonlinearity parameter |/spl beta/| in a fused silica specimen, and comparing the results to those obtained for the same specimen using a capacitive receiver and a piezoelectric transducer. When ultrasonic diffraction effects are included, values for |/spl beta/| are in good agreement with the literature values of |/spl beta/|=11-14. These results indicate that optical methods can be used for practical and accurate detection of nonlinear ultrasound.
A Reinforcement Learning Based Dynamic Power Management for Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicle (2016)

With the rapid development of electric vehicle and hybrid energy vehicle, the balance between driving performance, driving distance, and energy storage has become extremely important. If too much power than driver's demand is provide to the moving vehicle, the limited stored energy will decrease rapidly so that the energy might not be enough to reach the planned travel distance. However, if the energy/power supplied to the vehicle is limited, the performance of the moving vehicle will be degraded and it could also affect the driving experience. In this study, a reinforcement learning approach is utilized for the dynamic energy management of fuel cell and battery hybrid electric vehicles. In comparing with an existing fuzzy logic based approach, our proposed method performs better in maintaining the stability of battery SoC and in consuming less fuel cell.
Association of morphology and mycotoxin production with vegetative compatibility groups in <i>Aspergillus flavus, A. parasiticus</i> , and <i>A. tamarii</i> (1996)

Vegetative compatibility groups within populations of Aspergillus flavus, A. parasiticus, and A. tamarii from soil and peanut seeds in a peanut field were examined for differences in morphology (colony color and Sclerotium characters) and mycotoxin production (aflatoxins, cyclopiazonic acid, and kojic acid). Aspergillus tamarii was divided into types A and B based on morphological differences and the lack of vegetative compatibility between the two types. Using digital color image processing, the four taxa were easily distinguished by colony color through analyses of peak color intensities for red, green, and blue. Color comparisons of A. flavus vegetative compatibility groups were not possible because of poor sporulation by many of the isolates. Vegetative compatibility group 1 of A. parasiticus differed significantly from groups 2–9 in colony color, and groups 1–3 of A. tamarii type A and groups 1–3 of A. tamarii type B were also significantly different within each type. Color image processing of filtered conidia indicated that the color difference of A. parasiticus group 1 was due primarily to the flocculose texture of the colony whereas group differences in A. tamarii types A and B were the result of conidium pigmentation. Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus showed significant differences among groups in number of sclerotia, Sclerotium volume, and Sclerotium shape (length/width ratio). Isolates of A. tamarii type B often produced irregularly shaped sclerotia; type A isolates were nonsclerotial. Among the 11 groups of A. flavus, significant differences were detected in total aflatoxin (aflatoxins B1 + B2), cyclopiazonic acid, and kojic acid. Aspergillus parasiticus groups also showed significant differences in total aflatoxin (aflatoxins B1 + B2 + G1 + G2), ratio of G1 + G2/B1 + B2, and kojic acid; cyclopiazonic acid was not produced by A. parasiticus. Nonaflatoxigenic isolates of A. flavus and A. parasiticus were restricted to certain groups and in A. parasiticus, all nonaflatoxigenic isolates accumulated O-methylsterigmatocystin, an immediate precursor of aflatoxin B1. Isolates of A. tamarii type A produced cyclopiazonic acid and kojic acid whereas those of type B produced only kojic acid at concentrations six-fold higher than type A; few differences in mycotoxin production were detected among groups in the two types of A. tamarii. The high proportion of variation among isolates accounted for by vegetative compatibility groups suggests that isolates within groups are closely related.
Prochiral recognition in the reaction of 3-substituted glutaric anhydrides with chiral secondary alcohols (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProchiral recognition in the reaction of 3-substituted glutaric anhydrides with chiral secondary alcoholsPeter D. Theisen and Clayton H. HeathcockCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 1, 142–146Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00053a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00053a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1123Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Increased glucose metabolic activity is associated with CD4+ T-cell activation and depletion during chronic HIV infection (2013)

Our data suggest that Glut1 is a potentially novel and functional marker of CD4 T-cell activation during HIV infection. In addition, Glut1 expression on CD4 T cells may be exploited as a prognostic marker for CD4 T-cell loss during HIV disease progression.
How Much NFV Should a Service Provider Adopt? (2017)

Network function virtualization and software-defined networking have the potential to change provider revenue streams and offer new services. We measure the impact of NFV on large provider networks by accurately modeling a contemporary service provider. In our model, we consider actual equipment that is currently deployed and understand the impact of NFV on CapEx, OpEx, and service delivery. Apart from accurately modeling a contemporary provider network, we also inculcate robustness in the model to factor in for uncertainty of network traffic. We answer the key questions: what functions in a network can be virtualized and which functions need to continue as traditional hardware? We also harp upon the question as to what new services can be considered and in which circumstances? Our model considers various combinations of network architectures that are used in contemporary networks. The model is supported by extensive analysis and simulation that verify our results from cost, performance, and scalability (of services and the model itself) perspectives.
Histogram-Directed Processing of Digital Chest Images (1986)

One of the potential advantages of digital chest imaging is the ability to process these images. However, such processing, when uniformly applied to the entire image, is often unsatisfactory due to the different processing requirements of lung field and mediastinum. Therefore, a method to selectively process these regions based upon the histogram of the original image has been developed. Thirteen conventional chest films were digitized with a laser film scanner. Analysis of individual lung field and mediastinum histograms showed that the chest image histogram is essentially bimodal with significant lung field-mediastinum histogram peak separation; overlap between these peaks is small (9% of the total histogram) and insensitive to minor pathologic change or radiographic technique. Using these histograms, a gray level threshold distinguishing mediastinum from lung field was selected and used to direct the regionally-selective processing of several chest images. This technique may prove especially useful for digital enhancement of the underexposed mediastinum often encountered on conventional chest radiographs.
Emerging Applications of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) in Geomorphology and Hydrology (2002)

Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is a powerful geodetic tool used to construct digital elevation models of the earth’s topography and to image centimeter–scale displacements associated with crustal deformation and the flow of ice sheets. The past decade has seen significant improvements in our understanding of earthquakes, volcanoes, and glaciers as a direct result of this technology. Geomorphology and hydrology can also benefit from InSAR. A small but growing body of work shows that it is possible to interferometrically measure centimeter–scale motions associated with unstable slopes, land subsidence, fluctuating soil moisture and water levels, and deforming river–ice cover. Maps of interferometric correlation provide information about the structure of snow and reveal areas disturbed by erosion, sedimentation, flooding, snowfall, and aufeis growth. At present, such techniques are underdeveloped and largely overlooked by the geographic and radar communities. This article reviews these emerging geomorphic and hydrologic applications of InSAR and presents a first demonstration of motion detection for river ice.
Combination of a vision system and a coordinate measuring machine for rapid coordinate metrology (2002)

This paper presents a novel methodology that integrates a vision system and a coordinate measuring machine for rapid coordinate metrology. Rapid acquisition of coordinate data from parts having tiny dimension, complex geometry and soft or fragile material has many applications. Typical examples include Large Scale Integrated circuit, glass or plastic part measurement, and reverse engineering in rapid product design and realization. In this paper, a novel approach to a measuring methodology for a vision integrated coordinate measuring system is developed and demonstrated. The vision coordinate measuring system is characterized by an integrated use of a high precision coordinate measuring machine (CMM), a vision system, advanced computational software, and the associated electronics. The vision system includes a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera, a self-adapt brightness power, and a graphics workstation with an image processing board. The vision system along with intelligent feature recognition and auto-focus algorithms provides the feature point space coordinate of global part profile after the system has been calibrated. The measured data may be fitted to geometry element of part profile. The obtained results are subsequently used to compute parameters consist of curvature radius, distance, shape error and surface reconstruction. By integrating the vision system with the CMM, a highly automated, high speed, 3D coordinate acquisition system is developed. It has potential applications in a whole spectrum of manufacturing problems with a major impact on metrology, inspection, and reverse engineering.