gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydroxymethylation of 2-Hydroxypropiophenones in Aqueous Medium: Synthesis of 3-Hydroxymethyl-3-methyl-4-chromanones and Their Conversion to 3-Methyl-4-chromanone-3-acetic Acids (1985)

Reaction of o-hydroxypropiophenone (1a) with aqueous formaldehyde in sodium hydroxide solution led to the mono-hydroxymethylated 2a and/or the bis-hydroxymethylated derivative 3a, as well as to 3-methyl-4-chromanone (4a) and/or 3-methyl-3-hydroxymethyl-4-chromanone (5a), according to the ratio of the reagents employed. The mechanism of formation of 5a from 1a was also demonstrated. Compound 5a and its 6-chloro derivative 5b, similarly prepared from 5-chloro-2-hydroxypropiophenone (1b), were converted by standard procedure to the corresponding 3-methyl-4-chromanone-3-acetic acids 8a, b.
Magnetic brain stimulation: Central motor conduction studies in multiple sclerosis (1987)

Central motor conduction (CMC) was evaluated in 32 normal subjects and 83 patients with multiple sclerosis, and the findings were correlated with clinical signs and evoked potential data. CMC time was obtained from the latency difference in responses from the abductor muscle of the little finger to magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex and electrical stimulation at the C-7/T-1 interspace. Mean CMC time in normal subjects was 6.2 msec (SD 0.86 msec), and amplitudes of responses to cortical stimuli were at least 18% of those obtained with stimuli at the wrist. CMC was abnormal in 60 patients with multiple sclerosis (72%); this correlated well with brisk finger flexor jerks (p less than 0.005). CMC was abnormal in 79% of patients with weakness of the abductor muscle of the little finger and in 54% with a normal muscle. Neurological examination was normal in 7 arms with abnormal CMC. Visual evoked potentials were abnormal in 67%, somatosensory evoked potentials in 59%, and brainstem auditory evoked potentials in 39% of those tested. For each procedure more subjects had abnormal CMC and normal evoked potentials than the reverse. The technique is of value for demonstrating and documenting central motor pathway lesions in multiple sclerosis, especially when physical signs are equivocal.
Optical characterization of melanin (2001)

The optical properties of melanin have been characterized for a number of laser wavelengths in the visible region. The index of refraction of melanin is measured by the conventional method of minimum deviation using a hollow quartz prism at these wavelengths. The inverse adding doubling method based on the diffusion approximation and radiative transport theory have been employed to determine the absorption, scattering, and scattering anisotropy coefficients of melanin from the measurements of diffuse transmission, diffuse reflection and collimated transmission using double integrating spheres. The results obtained by the use of inverse adding doubling method have been compared to the Monte Carlo simulation technique.
Tech Note: Digital Foam (2008)

This paper presents a new input device called digital foam designed to support natural sculpting operations similar to those used when sculpting clay. We have constructed two prototypes to test the concept of using a conductive foam input device to create 3D geometries and perform sculpting operations. The novel contributions of this paper include the realization that conductive foam sensors are accurate enough to allow fine grained control of position sensing and can be used to build foam based input devices. We have designed a novel foam sensor array by combining both conductive and non-conductive foam to allow interference free sensor readings to be recorded. We also constructed two novel input devices, one flat input device with one hundred sensors, and a second spherical design with twenty one sensors, both allowing user interactions by touching or squeezing the foam surface. We present the design idea, foam sensor theory, two prototype designs, and the initial application ideas used to explore the possible uses of digital foam.
Storage workload estimation for database management systems (2007)

Modern storage systems are sophisticated. Simple direct-attached storage devices are giving way to storage systems that are shared, flexible, virtualized and network-attached. Today, storage systems have their own administrators, who use specialized tools and expertise to configure and manage storage resources. Although the separation of storage management and database management has many advantages, it also introduces problems. Database physical design and storage configuration are closely related tasks, and the separation makes it more difficult to achieve a good end-to-end design. In this paper, we attempt to close this gap by addressing the problem of predicting the storage workload that will be generated by a database management system. Specifically, we show how to translate a database workload description, together with a database physical design, into a characterization of the storage workload that will result. Such a characterization can be used by a storage administrator to guide storage configuration. The ultimate goal of this work is to enable effective end-to-end design and configuration spanning both the database and storage system tiers. We present an empirical assessment of the cost of workload prediction as well as the accuracy of the result.
Customized Intrusion Detection Based on a Database Audit Log (2019)

The Internet enables world-wide communication for all areas of human activity. To deal with the massive data involved, companies deploy database products such as Oracle® Database, MySQL, Microsoft® SQL Server, and IBM® DB2. Databases are continuously under attack by intruders who probe for valuable customer and corporate information. Commercial databases have auditing support that facilitates after-the-fact review and analysis of data access. However, audit data collected has vendor-specific structure and content. Tools are needed to optimize response to security incidents and to proactively mine audit logs for vulnerabilities. This paper1 demonstrates some database-independent techniques aimed toward automating the management of a site’s audit information.
Investigation of low cost control schemes for a selected 3-level switched mode rectifier (2002)

Two low-cost modulation schemes are presented for the control of a 3-level switched mode rectifier. One is based on a hysteresis controller and the other on a double ramp comparison. The latter control concept implemented by common PWM ICs yields preferable characteristics for the power interface to telecommunication equipment such as high power density, due to reduced volume for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and input current filtering, high control dynamics, low harmonic distortion (THD) and switching losses, which are comparable to those achieved by space vector control, but with less costs and complexity.
Disruption of Network Synchrony and Cognitive Dysfunction After Traumatic Brain Injury (2016)

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a heterogeneous disorder with many factors contributing to a spectrum of severity, leading to cognitive dysfunction that may last for many years after injury. Injury to axons in the white matter, which are preferentially vulnerable to biomechanical forces, is prevalent in many TBIs. Unlike focal injury to a discrete brain region, axonal injury is fundamentally an injury to the substrate by which networks of the brain communicate with one another. The brain is envisioned as a series of dynamic, interconnected networks that communicate via long axonal conduits termed the "connectome". Ensembles of neurons communicate via these pathways and encode information within and between brain regions in ways that are timing dependent. Our central hypothesis is that traumatic injury to axons may disrupt the exquisite timing of neuronal communication within and between brain networks, and that this may underlie aspects of post-TBI cognitive dysfunction. With a better understanding of how highly interconnected networks of neurons communicate with one another in important cognitive regions such as the limbic system, and how disruption of this communication occurs during injury, we can identify new therapeutic targets to restore lost function. This requires the tools of systems neuroscience, including electrophysiological analysis of ensemble neuronal activity and circuitry changes in awake animals after TBI, as well as computational modeling of the effects of TBI on these networks. As more is revealed about how inter-regional neuronal interactions are disrupted, treatments directly targeting these dysfunctional pathways using neuromodulation can be developed.
Cloning of rat .alpha.-fetoprotein 3'-terminal complementary deoxyribonucleic acid sequences and preparation of radioactively labeled hybridization probes from cloned deoxyribonucleic acid inserts (1981)

Double-stranded complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA) was synthesized from rat yolk sac alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) mRNA, inserted into the PstI site of plasmid pBR322 by an oligo(deoxyguanylic acid).oligo(deoxycytidylic acid) joining technique, and cloned in Escherichia coli chi 1776. A plasmid containing an inserted AFP double-stranded cDNA with a contiguous poly(adenylic acid) [poly(A)] segment was identified and subsequently employed in a new method for preparing AFP-specific hybridization probe. Following an initial digestion of the AFP plasmid with HindIII to create an open, recessed 3' end, lambda exonuclease III was employed to remove the DNA strand opposite the coding strand of the cDNA insert. Oligo(thymidylic acid) was then annealed to the poly(A) segment and employed as primer for E. coli DNA polymerase I to synthesize a 32P-labeled cDNA copy of the AFP coding strand. The single-stranded cDNA product was easily isolated by sedimentation through isokinetic alkaline sucrose gradients. Hybridization with this AFP-specific cDNA probe showed that the yolk sac contained a 6-fold greater concentration of AFP mRNA than that of the fetal liver. AFP mRNA was also found in the normal adult liver, but at a much lower level than in the fetal liver. The concentrations of AFP mRNA in Morris hepatomas 7777 and 8994, however, were significantly elevated to a 2- to 3-fold higher concentration that in the fetal liver.
Computer-aided peptide sequencing by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (1986)

This paper proposes an efficient method for computer-aided peptide sequencing based on fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. The method allows us to analyse peptides much larger than 1000 u within a reasonable cpu time and to have a set of amino acid sequences which are consistent with the observed fast atom bombardment mass spectrum to varying degrees. Another feature is that there is no need to pick sequence ion peaks out of the spectrum; all the ions observed are equally taken into account in the analysis so that one can exhaust the possibilities expected from the whole spectrum. For most samples of penta- to tridecapeptides, parts of an amino acid sequence could be reproduced satisfactorily without prior knowledge of amino acid composition. The degree of success in sequence elucidation depends entirely on the spectrum used in the analysis. When fragment ion peaks are clearly observed, the sequence can be predicted successfully. The result obtained for a given amino acid composition was always satisfactory.
A Crucial Role for Gibberellins in Stress Protection of Plants (1999)

The hypothesis that there is an intimate relationship between gibberellin levels and plant stress protection has been tested using near-isogenic lines of a normal and dwarf barley (.Hordeum vulgare L.). Application of paclobutrazol (a triazole), induced stress protection in the normal line and application of GA 3 to the dwarf reversed the inherent stress tolerance. Reversal of the dwarf phenotype by specific gibberellins (GAs) suggests that the conversion of GA20 to GAj and GA 9 to GA 4 has been compromised. These observations indicate that modulation of specific GAs plays a key role in stress protection. The preferential use of non-chemical technologies including enzyme regulation, phytochrome A overexpression, and breeding for induction of stress tolerance in plants are discussed.
[The application of resort factors for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease]. (2011)

The application of SMT-phoresis chloride-iodine-bromine brine for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) had positive influence on its clinical course and improved the motor-evacuative function of the stomach. Also, the psychoemotional conditions of the patients improved. It is concluded that SMT-phoresis of the chloride-iodine-bromine brine applied at the Uva health resort can be used either as monotherapy or included in the combined treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease
Herpes simplex virus type 2 induced pyrimidine nucleoside kinase: enzymic basis for the selective antiherpetic effect of 5-halogenated analogs of deoxycytidine (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHerpes simplex virus type 2 induced pyrimidine nucleoside kinase: enzymic basis for the selective antiherpetic effect of 5-halogenated analogs of deoxycytidineMichael J. Dobersen and Sheldon GreerCite this: Biochemistry 1978, 17, 5, 920–928Publication Date (Print):March 7, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 7 March 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00598a028https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00598a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views30Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
STORAGE STABILITY OF RAISINS DRIED BY DIFFERENT PROCEDURES (1977)

ABSTRACT The storage stability of on‐the‐vine dried and tunnel dehydrated raisins treated with a spray or dip of a water emulsion of fatty acid esters prior to drying were compared to the traditional sun‐dried raisin at 70 and 90° F. The flavor and color stability of samples held at 90° F was relatively short, varying from 8.8–14 wk. At 70°F, storage stability varied from 31‐43 wk. This study showed that the color and flavor stability of on‐the‐vine dried and tunnel dehydrated raisins should be equal or superior to that of the traditional sun‐dried raisins. It was also shown that 90° F storage causes rapid flavor and color loss regardless of drying method.
文本运动过程——从作者到读者，从作者到文本 (2011)

文本和它的读者处于互动的关系中：文本尽力使读者与自身一致，迫使读者使用它的符号系统；读者也以同样的方式回应。可以说文本包含了它自身理想的读者形象，而读者也有自身理想的文本。有一个关于著名的数学家切比雪夫（P．L．Chebyshev）的故事：当他就剪裁布料的数学问题举行讲座时，一群观众不期而至；他们中有裁缝、服装商人和时髦的年轻女性。但是。数学家的开场白就把他们送走了。他说：“为简单起见，让我们假设人的身体是球状的。”只有对此话不以为怪的数学家们留下来继续听讲。文本选择了它自身的读者，创造了与自己形象一致或相似的读者。
Cloning of the structural gene of alkaline phosphatase of Escherichia coli K12. (1980)

phoA8) was used as a recipient and PhoA+ transductants were selected on phosphate limited agar plates containing 5-bromo-4 chloro-3-indolyl-phosphate-p-toluidine salt as indicator.6) One of the transducing phages dpho-1 was found to be a defective phage of gal type. The restriction map of the dpho-l DNA was constructed and is shown in Fig. 1.
Experimental treatments for human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies: is there a role for pentosan polysulfate? (2007)

Human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), also known as prion diseases, are caused by the accumulation of an abnormal isoform of the prion protein in the CNS. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in its sporadic form is the most frequent type of human TSE. At present, there is no proven specific or effective treatment available for any form of TSE. Pentosan polysulfate (PPS) has been shown to prolong the incubation period when administered to the cerebral ventricles in a rodent TSE model. Cerebroventricular administration of PPS has been carried out in 26 patients with TSEs and has been shown to be well tolerated in doses < or = 220 microg/kg/day. Proof of efficacy has been difficult because the specific and objective criteria for measurement of response have not been established yet. Preliminary clinical experience confirms extended survival in patients with variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease receiving intraventricular PPS; however, it is still not clear if this is due to PPS itself. Further prospective investigations of long-term intraventricular PPS administration are essential for the assessment of its effects.
Assessment of Upper Airway Anatomy in Awake, Sedated and Anaesthetised Patients Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (1994)

Magnetic Resonance Imaging was used to quantify the effects of 1. sedation and 2. general anaesthesia with a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) in place on the minimum antero-posterior (A-P) diameters of the naso-, oro- and hypopharynx and on the angle of the epiglottis relative to the adjacent posterior pharyngeal wall. Median sagittal T1-weighted images of the pharynx were obtained in 46 patients (16 awake, 14 sedated, 16 under general anaesthesia). In sedated patients, the A-P diameters of the pharynx were less than in awake patients, in particular at the levels of the epiglottis and soft palate. General anaesthesia and placement of a LMA was also associated with a reduced A-P diameter at the level of the soft palate, but with increased diameters at the levels of the tongue and epiglottis. Placement of a LMA caused abnormal downfolding of the epiglottis in most cases but this did not cause clinically significant airway obstruction.
Localization of a biotinylated cathepsin B oligonucleotide probe in human prostate including invasive cells and invasive edges by in situ hybridization (1993)

The cysteine endopeptidase cathepsin B (CB) can degrade basement membrane (BM) proteins (such as laminin, type IV collagen, and fibronectin) at both acid and neutral pHs suggesting that CB has a role in tumor invasion and distant metastasis. The distribution and intensity of CB protein localization vary in normal prostate, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and neoplastic prostate. These considerations have led us to examine whether the distribution of CB localization in malignant and normal cells is due to storage or active synthesis of CB. In the present study, we examined the localization patterns of CB at the mRNA level in normal prostate, BPH, and well to moderately differentiated neoplastic prostate, focusing on invasive groups of cells and invasive edges of malignant tumors. We used a 25-base biotinylated oligonucleotide CB cDNA "sense" probe to localize CB message in prostate samples obtained from radical prostatectomies. We have determined that CB is actively synthesized by the epithelia of normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic prostate including some invasive cells in the invasive edges. In both normal and BPH, CB mRNA was localized predominantly in acinar basal cells with some localization in cuboidal/columnar cells. In contrast, in neoplastic prostate, CB mRNA was localized predominantly in columnar cells and in groups of invasive cells and invasive edges. Thus, in malignant prostate the predominant cell types expressing CB differed from those of the normal prostate and BPH. Analysis of CB mRNA localizations indicated a heterogeneity in staining distribution in prostate cancer with some invasive groups of cells and invasive edges exhibiting CB mRNA and others exhibiting little or no reaction products.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The remote farmland environment monitoring system based on ZigBee sensor network (2016)

In order to change the traditional management of agricultural production, ZigBee technology is used in short distance wireless transmission to design intelligent farmland environment remote monitoring system, which integrates communication, computer and all aspects of network technology. The real-time, accurate data collection of farmland soil pH value, the temperature and humidity surroundings of the plants, illumination intensity and crop chlorophyll content, all will provide reliable data for intelligent agricultural production, thereby, the level of intelligence of agricultural management is increased. Based on precision guidance, irrigation will become intelligent which can avoid the waste of water resources and low utilisation rate caused by free operation. At the same time, it will promote modernisation of agricultural production process.
About views for modeling software processes in a role-specific manner (1996)

Software development processes are complex. Erplicit software process models can assist in performing, managing, and improving the &velopment of software. But models of large (i.e., long-lasting, many people involved, variety of subprocesses) processes are not easy to handle. Explicit role-spect$c views of the processes promise to be a powetjid mechanism for capturing software development know how (i.e., descriptive software process modeling). This paper presents the idea of multi-view modeling and discusses some first results on building role-specific process models (i.e., views). Relevant issues for future research work are discussed later on.
An Analysis of Semantic Overload in Database Access Systems Using Multi-table Query Formulation (1997)

Theory suggests that semantic overload in database representations and query languages may be a significant contributing factor to difficulties in end-user access to corporate databases. With respect to join queries, two aspects of SQL-based relational database management systems are overloaded: (1) foreign key columns are overloaded to represent both attributes and relationships and (2) the WHERE clause in SQL is overloaded to include both selection criteria and join criteria. We experimentally test the semantic overload theory by comparing end user performance using data access systems (DASs) that address these aspects individually and in combination. Eliminating the overload in foreign key columns by adding an explicit relationship construct to the standard tabular relational database representation significantly improved end user performance. Eliminating the overload in the SQL WHERE clause by adding an explicit join construct, similar to that included in SQL2, reduced certain types of errors but did not significantly improve performance. We conclude that for organizations seeking to improve end user performance in multi-table database queries it is more effective simply to use an explicit relationship representation in documenting the database structure than to invest in a database query language, such as SQL2, that has an explicit join syntax.Request access from your librarian to read this article's full text.