gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimal time slot design in an OFDM-TDMA system over power-line time-variant channels (2009)

This paper analyzes the resource allocation problem in an indoor PLC system with a physical (PHY) layer based on OFDM and a medium access control (MAC) scheme with contention and adaptive TDMA regions, similar to the one of the HomePlug AV specification. In particular, this work focuses in the optimization of the TDMA region. By taking into account both the cyclostationary noise and the cyclic variations of the channel response, the optimal time slot duration in a multi-user scenario is determined for various amounts of overhead required by the PHY layer. Hence, the presented results can be used in practical systems to perform a fast real-time time slot length selection and scheduling as a function of the number of active users.
Emergency medical care (2022)

There are three distinct program areas within traffic accident prevention. They are (1) the roadway, (2) the vehicle, and (3) the driver. Each of these areas are extremely important. All must receive adequate attention if we are to be successful in our national traffic safety program. There have been and are now many dedicated individuals and organizations working on the problems within the traffic accident prevention field. The auto industry has made and will undoubtedly continue to make improvements in the safety of our automobiles. The Bureau of Public Roads and the highway departments of the States have been achieving remarkable success in eliminating many of the environmental factors which, in the past, have caused many deaths and injuries. The highway and auto are receiving much attention; however, the third area, the driver, or the human aspect, has not received adequate attention. There are many reasons for the lack of effective programing in human aspects of accident prevention. Among the most significant are (1) very little reliable information about the human aspects of driving exists and research is needed to test the many hypotheses which have been developed; (2) personnel qualified to conduct this needed research have not been available; (3) funds for this research have not been available in sufficient quantity; and (4) probably most important, a focal point or organization for action and research programs in the human aspects of traffic safety has not been available. The Public Health Service is undertaking the task of being one of the focal points for research in the human aspect of traffic accident prevention because 38,000 deaths and over 4 million injuries each year, caused by auto accidents, is a public health problem of major importance and one for which immediate corrective steps should be taken. The Public Health Service is presently working in four areas of the human aspects of traffic safety. They are the program aspects of emergency medical services, protective devices, and driver improvement; and basic and applied research. A brief discussion of each is included.
Multiple drug rescue therapy for HIV-infected individuals with prior virologic failure to multiple regimens (2001)

MDRT induced a substantial antiviral response in this heavily pretreated group of patients despite extensive phenotypic resistance at baseline. Adverse effects were frequent but generally manageable. Our data suggest that relying exclusively on historical, clinical and laboratory evidence may not be sufficient to rule out a possible antiviral response when multiple drug regimens are used in this heavily pretreated patient population.
Characterization of the Breakup of the Pegasus Rocket Body 1994-029B (1997)

The breakup of a Pegasus hydrazine auxiliary propulsion system in June 1996, officially recognized as the worst satellite breakup in terms of cataloged debris, is considered. The fragmentation event is analyzed and it is discussed how these debris contribute to the current and future near earth space environment. The low altitude of the breakup and the large range of ejection velocities present concerns for other earth orbiting space vehicles, especially the Space Shuttle and the Hubble Space Telescope. In addition to orbit data collected by the U.S. Space Surveillance Network, observations were conducted with ground-based radar observatories. These observations show that the overabundance of debris is not limited to the trackable population, but also extends down to debris with sizes of less than 1 cm. Attempts to detect the debris with optical sensors were less successful.
Composite transducer with multiple piezoelectric matching layers (2003)

Trilaminate transducers have been constructed from fired 0-3 piezoelectric materials and nonvoided thick piezoelectric polymer as two matching layers on ceramic PbTiO/sub 3/. Based on the physical properties of the constituent materials, the equivalent circuit of this composite transducer has been established. The frequency response of transmitting, receiving, and voltage transition gain (VTG) for different layers and their hybrid connection was computed and compared with the experimental results. The frequency response of the composite transducer is considerably improved by changing the connecting modes between the layers. Different layers are shown to make different contributions to the frequency dependence of the sensitivity. The transducer impedence and sensitivity response can be adjusted depending on the application.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An approach for big data security based on Hadoop distributed file system (2018)

Cloud computing appeared for huge data because of its ability to provide users with on-demand, reliable, flexible, and low-cost services. With the increasing use of cloud applications, data security protection has become an important issue for the cloud. In this work, the proposed approach was used to improve the performance of encryption /Decryption file by using AES and OTP algorithms integrated on Hadoop. Where files are encrypted within the HDFS and decrypted within the Map Task. Encryption /Decryption in previous works used AES algorithm, the size of the encrypted file increased by 50% from the original file size. The proposed approach improved this ratio as the size of the encrypted file increased by 20% from the original file size. Also, we have compared this approach with the previously implemented method, we implement this new approach to secure HDFS, and some experimental studies were conducted to verify its effectiveness.
Processor friendly peak-to-average reduction in multi-carrier systems (2004)

In this paper a computationally efficient method of reducing the peak-to-average ratio of an OFDM system is presented. Today there exist many excellent peak-to-average reduction schemes; they are however mainly focused on maximum peak reduction, not on moderate computation cost. The proposed method is based on a tradeoff between computation cost and peak reduction performance. The method is also compared to existing methods both in terms of average constellation error magnitude and cycle cost. We also propose a hardware accelerator scheme in order to further reduce the cycle cost. Simulations have shown a moderate 3-4 dB SNR degradation compared to common computation intensive methods which require up to 40 times more operations.
Introduction (1992)

Abstract This chapter states that this book offers a general metaphysical picture, a theory of content, and a transcendental argument for a form of moral realism. It argues that according to Hume, to provide a theory of content, we need to move all the way from a very general metaphysical picture to the intricacies of the function of words in contexts of propositional attitudes. The second part of the book argues for a series of constraints on a theory of content. The third part offers the outline of a theory of content which meets the condition imposed in the second part. The concern of this book has been to try to make sure that there is an alternative to the Humean view. It offers explicit definitions and precise formulations of more important proposals.
Vital Gas Exchange and Hatchability of Turkey Eggs at High Altitude (1984)

Conductance of turkey eggshells was observed to be significantly (P less than .01) greater at 2000 than at 200 m elevation. It was concluded that the increased conductance may have been due to the Chapman-Enskog relation. Eggshells of nonhatching eggs from the high altitude were examined, and it was determined that despite the increased conductance rate, eggshells with significantly (P less than .05) less functional pore area hatched poorly in both oxygenated and nonoxygenated environments. When oxygen was not supplemented to the incubators at high altitudes, eggshells required significantly (P less than .01) fewer pore concentrations to allow embryos to survive to late stages of embryonic development than eggs in oxygen supplemented environments. However, greater pore concentrations on the air space were required in both environments to complete hatching. Cuticle removal from eggshells incubated in oxygen supplemented incubators at high altitudes significantly (P less than .05) reduced late embryonic mortality. It was concluded that eggshell cuticle removal may be more advantageous to hatchability at high altitude than oxygen supplementation.
1,3,5-Tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy- α, β-D-<i>ERYTHRO</i>-Pentofuranose from 2-Deoxy-D-<i>ERYTHRO</i>-Pentose (1990)

Abstract A convenient, high-yield synthesis of 1,3,5-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-α. β-D-erythro-pentofuranose from 2-deoxy-D-erythro-pentose is described.
On a biorthogonal system associated with uniform asymptotic expansions (1987)

In SoN1 and SLEEMAN (1987) a family of polynomials is introduced which are related with the coefficients in a uniform asymptotic expansion of a class of integrals.In this expansion parabolic cylinder functions (Weber functions) occur as basic approximants and the resulting series is of Bleistein type.In the present paper a family of rational functions is introduced, and the two families form a biorthogonal system on a contour in the complex plane.The system can be viewed as a generalization of the families {zn} and {z-n-1 }, which occur in Taylor expansions and the Cauchy integrals of analytic functions.Explicit representations of the rational functions are given together with rigorous estimates.These results are used to establish convergence of expansions of certain functions in terms of the polynomials and the rational functions.The main motivation to study this system stems from the above mentioned problem on the asymptotic expansion of a class of integrals.It is shown how to use the system in order to construct bounds for the remainders in the asymptotic expansion.An instructive example is worked out in detail.
Induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 expression by N-methyl-N???-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in human leukemia cells (2005)

Previous studies have demonstrated that N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), a well-known DNA alkylating agent, induces G2/M arrest and apoptotic cell death in several human cancer cell lines. In the present study, we investigated the effects of MNNG on the growth of a U937 human leukemia cell model. The effects of this compound were also tested on cyclooxygenase (COX) activity. Treatment of U937 cells with MNNG resulted in the inhibition of viability and the induction of apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner, which was associated with a dose-dependent upregulation in pro-apoptotic Bax protein, downregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL proteins, and proteolytic activation of caspase-3 protease. Furthermore, MNNG decreased the levels of COX-2 mRNA and protein expression without significant changes in the levels of COX-1, which was correlated with inactivation of the reporter construct of a COX-2 promoter and decrease in prostaglandin E2 synthesis. Taken together, these findings provide important new insights into the possible molecular mechanisms of the anti-cancer activity of MNNG.
Regulation of Flowering Time by Histone Acetylation in <i>Arabidopsis</i> (2003)

The Arabidopsis autonomous floral-promotion pathway promotes flowering independently of the photoperiod and vernalization pathways by repressing FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), a MADS-box transcription factor that blocks the transition from vegetative to reproductive development. Here, we report that FLOWERING LOCUS D (FLD), one of six genes in the autonomous pathway, encodes a plant homolog of a protein found in histone deacetylase complexes in mammals. Lesions in FLD result in hyperacetylation of histones in FLC chromatin, up-regulation of FLC expression, and extremely delayed flowering. Thus, the autonomous pathway regulates flowering in part by histone deacetylation. However, not all autonomous-pathway mutants exhibit FLC hyperacetylation, indicating that multiple means exist by which this pathway represses FLC expression.
Temporary Wafer Bonding and Debonding for 3D Integration Using an Electrochemically Active Polymer Adhesive (2014)

The use of thin silicon wafers is an enabling technology for 3D integration in the semiconductor industry. However, thin silicon wafers are fragile to handle and reliable solutions are required for thin wafer handling. This paper reports a novel method of bonding and debonding a thin wafer (<50 μm) using an electrochemically active polymer adhesive. In the presented method the carrier wafer is first spin coated with the adhesive and then bonded to the device wafer by applying force and temperature. Debonding of the wafer is realized at room temperature by applying a voltage between the carrier and the device wafer, which substantially reduces the bond strength. The bonding and debonding properties of the adhesive show that temporary wafer bonding using electrochemically active adhesives has the potential to be an attractive approach for temporary wafer bonding for thin wafer handling in 3D integration processes.
Interactive tools for image-based stereoscopic artwork (2008)

In this paper we describe a set of interactive tools that we have built as an extension to our image-based stereoscopic non-photorealistic rendering system. The base system is capable of automatically turning stereoscopic input images to stereoscopic pictures that resemble artwork, including concept drawings, cartoons and paintings. The tools described here aim to complement the traditional stereoscopic viewing experience of the end-user by enabling him to interact with the perceived stereoscopic space. The observers of the generated artwork can easily enhance the perceived depth by manipulating the two artistic-looking projections while stereo viewing. The users can examine the stereoscopic artwork via the use of stereoscopic cursors, as well as explore the structure of multi-layered artwork by peeling away layers at different depths to reveal other layers, initially occluded.
Influence of Lipid Coatings on Surface Wettability Characteristics of Silicone Hydrogels (2014)

Insoluble lipids serve vital functions in our bodies and interact with biomedical devices, e.g., the tear film on a contact lens. Over a period of time, these naturally occurring lipids form interfacial coatings that modify the wettability characteristics of these foreign synthetic surfaces. In this study, we examine the deposition and consequences of tear film lipids on silicone hydrogel (SiHy) contact lenses. We use bovine meibum, which is a complex mixture of waxy esters, cholesterol esters, and lipids that is secreted from the meibomian glands located on the upper and lower eyelids of mammals. For comparison, we study two commercially available model materials: dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and cholesterol. Upon deposition, we find that DPPC and meibum remain closer to the SiHy surface than cholesterol, which diffuses further into the porous SiHy matrix. In addition, we also monitor the fate of unstable thin liquid films that consequently rupture and dewet on these lipid-decorated surfaces. This dewetting provides valuable qualitative and quantitative information about the wetting characteristics of these SiHy substrates. We observe that decorating the SiHy surface with simple model lipids such as DPPC and cholesterol increases the hydrophilicity, which consequently inhibits dewetting, whereas meibum behaves conversely.
Amine-oxide hybrid materials for acid gas separations (2011)

Organic–inorganic hybrid materials based on porous silica materials functionalized with amine-containing organic species are emerging as an important class of materials for the adsorptive separation of acid gases from dilute gas streams. In particular, these materials are being extensively studied for the adsorption of CO2 from simulated flue gas streams, with an eye towards utilizing these materials as part of a post-combustion carbon capture process at large flue gas producing installations, such as coal-fired electricity-generating power plants. In this Application Article, the utilization of amine-modified organic–inorganic hybrid materials is discussed, focusing on important attributes of the materials, such as (i) CO2 adsorption capacities, (ii) adsorption and desorption kinetics, and (iii) material stability, that will determine if these materials may one day be useful adsorbents in practical CO2 capture applications. Specific research needs and limitations associated with the current body of work are identified.
Hybrid VC-MTJ/CMOS non-volatile stochastic logic for efficient computing (2017)

In this paper, we propose a non-volatile stochastic computing (SC) scheme using voltage-controlled magnetic tunnel junction (VC-MTJ) and negative differential resistance (NDR). The proposed design includes a VC-MTJ based true stochastic bit stream generator and VC-MTJ and NDR based stochastic adder, multiplier, register, which are experimentally demonstrated using 60nm VC-MTJ and CMOS NDR connected on die. These components are then used to realize FIR filter and AdaBoost (machine-learning algorithm). 3X–37X energy advantage is shown for the proposed SC compared with CMOS binary arithmetic ASIC and SC designs.
Retinoids potentiate transforming growth factor‐β activity in bovine endothelial cells through up‐regulating the expression of transforming growth factor‐β receptors (1998)

Retinoic acid (RA) induces the activation of latent transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) via enhancement of cellular plasminogen activator (PA)/plasmin levels. The resultant TGF-β suppresses the excessive fibrinolytic activity by decreasing PA expression and stimulating expression of the PA inhibitor, PA inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and inhibits cell proliferation. Here, we report that, in this regulatory system, RA simultaneously up-regulates the expression of TGF-β receptor types I and II, resulting in enhancement of TGF-β activity in the cells. RA increased the numbers of high- and low-affinity binding sites for 125I-TGF-β1 2.1-fold and 1.5-fold, respectively, without alteration of their Kd values. Affinity labeling and Western and Northern blotting studies showed that, following RA treatment, surface levels of both type I and type II receptors increased due to augmentation in their mRNA levels. The effect was dose- and time-dependent. Treatment with 1 μM RA for 15 hr increased mRNA levels of type I and II receptor threefold and eightfold, respectively. Pretreatment of BAECs with either RA or retinol lowered the concentration of TGF-β1 required to suppress PA levels, to enhance PAI-1 levels, and to inhibit cell proliferation. Thus, retinoids may regulate cellular functions of BAECs not only by inducing the formation of active TGF-β but also by stimulating TGF-β receptor expression. This regulatory mechanism may sustain TGF-β-mediated regulation of EC function at a focal site where RA is acting. J. Cell. Physiol. 176:565–573, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
New phosphorescence based probes and techniques for the analysis of cellular oxygen and respiration (2014)

Real time monitoring of oxygenation and respiration is on the cutting edge of bioanalysis, including studies of cell metabolism, bioenergetics, mitochondrial function and drug toxicity. This thesis presents the development and evaluation of new luminescent probes and techniques for intracellular O2 sensing and imaging. A new oxygen consumption rate (OCR) platform based on the commercial microfluidic perfusion channel μ-slides compatible with extra- and intracellular O2 sensitive probes, different cell lines and measurement conditions was developed. The design of semi-closed channels allowed cell treatments, multiplexing with other assays and two-fold higher sensitivity to compare with microtiter plate. We compared three common OCR platforms: hermetically sealed quartz cuvettes for absolute OCRs, partially sealed with mineral oil 96-WPs for relative OCRs, and open 96-WPs for local cell oxygenation. Both 96-WP platforms were calibrated against absolute OCR platform with MEF cell line, phosphorescent O2 probe MitoXpress-Intra and time-resolved fluorescence reader. Found correlations allow tracing of cell respiration over time in a high throughput format with the possibility of cell stimulation and of changing measurement conditions. A new multimodal intracellular O2 probe, based on the phosphorescent reporter dye PtTFPP, fluorescent FRET donor and two-photon antennae PFO and cationic nanoparticles RL-100 was described. This probe, called MM2, possesses high brightness, photo- and chemical stability, low toxicity, efficient cell staining and high-resolution intracellular O2 imaging with 2D and 3D cell cultures in intensity, ratiometric and lifetime-based modalities with luminescence readers and FLIM microscopes. Extended range of O2 sensitive probes was designed and studied in order to optimize their spectral characteristics and intracellular targeting, using different NPs materials, delivery vectors, ratiometric pairs and IR dyes. The presented improvements provide useful tool for high sensitive monitoring and imaging of intracellular O2 in different measurement formats with wide range of physiological applications.
2',5'-DNA Containing Guanine and Cytosine Forms Stable Duplexes (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT2',5'-DNA Containing Guanine and Cytosine Forms Stable DuplexesKyeong-Eun Jung and Christopher SwitzerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 14, 6059–6061Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00093a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00093a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views175Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts