gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synchronization characteristics of dual delay lock loop in the presence of code Doppler (2002)

In a spread-spectrum system, the transmission delay is actually a function of time when there is relative motion between the transmitter and the receiver. This function (code Doppler) must be tracked by the code tracking loop. A traditional second-order delay lock loop (DLL) can track such a delay type. However DLL suffers from a steady-state tracking error. This paper presents the new delay lock loop using dual loops. The transient response and the steady-state tracking behavior of the loop are investigated and compared to those of the traditional DLL. Results show the steady-state tracking error of the proposed loop due to code Doppler is sufficiently suppressed.
Accelerated one-step generation of full-color holographic videos using a color-tunable novel-look-up-table method for holographic three-dimensional television broadcasting (2015)

A color-tunable novel-look-up-table (CT-NLUT) for fast one-step calculation of full-color computer-generated holograms is proposed. The proposed method is composed of four principal fringe patterns (PFPs) such as a baseline, a depth-compensating and two color-compensating PFPs. CGH patterns for one color are calculated by combined use of baseline-PFP and depth-compensating-PFP and from them, those for two other colors are generated by being multiplied by the corresponding color-compensating-PFPs. color-compensating-PFPs compensate for differences in the wavelength between two colors based on their unique achromatic thin-lens properties, enabling transformation of one-color CGH pattern into those for other colors. This color-conversion property of the proposed method enables simultaneous generation of full color-CGH patterns, resulting in a significant reduction of the full color-CGH calculation time. Experimental results with test scenario show that the full color-CGH calculation time of the proposed CT-NLUT has been reduced by 45.10%, compared to the conventional NLUT. It has been further reduced by 96.01% when a data compression algorithm, called temporal redundancy-based NLUT, was used together, which means 25-fold reduction of its full color-CGH calculation time. Successful computational and optical reconstructions of full color-CGH patterns confirm the feasibility of the proposed method.
Dynamic modeling and control of wind turbines for grid-connected wind generation system (2006)

In this paper, a wind turbine model for wind energy conversion system study is presented. The turbine static characteristics are modeled using the relation between the turbine power versus the wind speed and the blade pitch angle. The dynamic characteristics of the wind turbine are modeled through a 2-mass oscillating system, representing the mechanical coupling of the turbine and the generator. The turbine performance is subjected to a real wind speed pattern by modeling the wind speed as a sum of harmonics with wide ranges of frequency. The turbine model includes the effect of the tower shadow and wind shear. A pitch angle controller is designed to protect the coupled generator by limiting the turbine output power to the rated value. Simulation results are provided to verify the wind turbine simulator performance.
Olfactometric Evaluation of Spatial Repellents for<i>Aedes aegypti</i> (2003)

The spatial repellency responses of Aedes aegypti (L.) to deet, dehydrolinalool and linalool were evaluated using a dual port olfactometer. In the absence of human attractant mixture, each of the three chemicals resulted in activation and/or orientation of mosquitoes to the chemical source. Linalool was the most attractive compound. In the presence of human attractant mixture, activation and/or orientation of mosquitoes to each of the three chemicals was reduced. We compared reductions in mosquito responses to each of the three chemicals, in the presence of human attractant mixture, to estimate spatial repellency. As expected, lowest spatial repellency (7.3%) was observed using human attractant alone. Highest spatial repellency (33.6%) was observed using a combination of linalool and dehydrolinalool. Deet did not manifest spatial repellency, whereas linalool and dehydrolinalool alone, and in combination, exhibited spatial repellency.
Transplantation of human ESC-derived mesenchymal stem cell spheroids ameliorates spontaneous osteoarthritis in rhesus macaques (2019)

It has been demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiated from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), name EMSCs, can treat a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, with similar efficacies to those achieved with MSCs derived from somatic tissues such as bone marrow (BMSCs). The chance increases even higher for EMSCs, than somatic tissue derived MSCs​, to become a cell drug as the former can be produced in large scale from an unlimited hESC line with easier quality control and less biosafety concern. We have further demonstrated that both human ESCs and EMSCs, after aggregation to form spheroids, can tolerate hypoxic and ambient conditions (AC) for over 4 and 10 days, respectively, without loss of their viability and alteration of their functions. Based on these advantages, we decided to test whether EMSC spheroids, made in large quantity and delivered through a long-term distance at AC, can treat osteoarthritis spontaneously developed in rhesus macaques (<i>M. mulatta</i>) monkeys as well as the allogenic MSCs. <b>Methods:</b> Xenogeneic AC-transported EMSC spheroids or allogenic BMSCs were injected into the articular cavity of both knees of the monkeys at 3 animals per group. Another two macaques were injected the same way with saline as controls. <b>Results:</b> Both EMSCs and BMSCs groups showed significant amelioration indicated by the reduction of swelling joint size and amplification of keen flare angle post-treatment, compared to the control group. Examinations via X-ray and MRI also indicated the decrease of inflammation and osteophyma, and recovery of the synovium and cartilage in both treated groups. No sign of allergy or graft versus host disease was observed in the animals. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our results demonstrate that human EMSC spheroids can prevent the osteoarthtitis progression and ameliorate osteoarthritis in the rhesus macaques as well as allogenic BMSCs, and this study shall help advance the clinical application of EMSCs.
Isla Vista Heap Sizing: Using Feedback to Avoid Paging (2007)

Managed runtime environments (MREs) employ garbage collection (GC) for automatic memory management. However, GC induces pressure on the virtual memory (VM) manager, since it may touch pages that are not related to the working set of the application. Paging due to GC can significantly hurt performance, even when the application's working set fits into physical memory. We present a feedback-directed heap resizing mechanism to avoid GC-induced paging, using information from the operating system (OS). We avoid costly GCs when there is physical memory available, and trade off GC for paging when memory is constrained. Our mechanism is simple and uses allocation stall events during GC alone to trigger heap resizing, without user participation or OS kernel modification. Our system enables significant performance improvements when real memory is restricted and similar to, or better performance than, the current state-of-the-art MRE, when memory is unconstrained
Glucose-regulated protein 78 antagonizes cisplatin and adriamycin in human melanoma cells (2008)

Resistance of melanoma cells to chemotherapeutics remains a major obstacle to successful treatment of melanoma once it has spread beyond locoregional sites. We report in this study that activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) is involved in resistance of melanoma cells to two chemotherapeutic drugs, cisplatin (CDDP) and adriamycin, and this is associated with glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78)-mediated inhibition of activation of caspase-4 and -7. The UPR was constitutively activated in cultured melanoma cell lines and fresh melanoma isolates as evidenced by elevated expression levels of the GRP78 protein and the active form of x-box-binding protein 1 messenger RNA. Treatment with CDDP or adriamycin further increased the levels, indicative of induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress and activation of the UPR by the drugs. Inhibition of GRP78 by small-interference RNA (siRNA)-sensitized melanoma cells to CDDP- and adriamycin-induced apoptosis. This was associated with enhanced caspase-4 and -7 activation as siRNA knockdown of the caspases blocked induction of apoptosis. In contrast, overexpression of GRP78 attenuated activation of caspase-4 and -7 and induction of apoptosis by the drugs. CDDP- and adriamycin-induced activation of caspase-4 and -7 appeared to be mediated by calpain activity in that it was blocked by the calpain inhibitors calpeptin and PD150606 even when GRP78 was inhibited by siRNA. These results provide new insights into resistance mechanisms of melanoma cells to CDDP and adriamycin and identify GRP78 as a potential target for enhancing chemosensitivity in melanoma.
Are Beta Blockers New Potential Anticancer Agents? (2014)

β-Blockers have been one of the most widely used and versatile drugs for the past half a century. A new potential for their use as anti-cancer drugs has emerged in the past few years. Various retrospective case control studies have been suggestive that use of β-blockers before the diagnosis of cancer could have preventive and protective effects against non-small cell lung carcinoma, melanoma, and breast, pancreatic and prostate cancers. Experimental and clinical observations are still inconclusive with some inconsistent findings. However, indications are pointing toward a positive role of some β-blockers against certain forms of cancers. This mini review is an effort to present the up to date published results of case-control studies and experimental findings.
Ethanol Production from Food Waste at High Solids Content with Vacuum Recovery Technology (2015)

Ethanol production from food wastes does not only solve environmental issues but also provides renewable biofuels. This study investigated the feasibility of producing ethanol from food wastes at high solids content (35%, w/w). A vacuum recovery system was developed and applied to remove ethanol from fermentation broth to reduce yeast ethanol inhibition. A high concentration of ethanol (144 g/L) was produced by the conventional fermentation of food waste without a vacuum recovery system. When the vacuum recovery is applied to the fermentation process, the ethanol concentration in the fermentation broth was controlled below 100 g/L, thus reducing yeast ethanol inhibition. At the end of the conventional fermentation, the residual glucose in the fermentation broth was 5.7 g/L, indicating incomplete utilization of glucose, while the vacuum fermentation allowed for complete utilization of glucose. The ethanol yield for the vacuum fermentation was found to be 358 g/kg of food waste (dry basis), higher than that for the conventional fermentation at 327 g/kg of food waste (dry basis).
Versioning Architectures for Local and Global Memory (2015)

Future supercomputer systems will face serious reliability challenges. Among failure scenarios, latent errors are some of the most serious and concerning. Preserving multiple versions of critical data is a promising approach to deal with such errors. We are developing the Global View Resilience (GVR) library, with multi-version global arrays as one of the key features. This paper presents three array versioning architectures: flat array, flat array with change tracking, and log-structured array. We use a synthetic workload that mimics the memory access patterns of radix sort, N-body simulation, and matrix multiplication, comparing the three array architectures in terms of runtime performance, memory requirements, and version restoration costs. The experiments show that the flat array with change tracking is the best architecture in terms of runtime performance, for versioning frequencies of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> ops <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> or higher matching the second best architecture or beating it by up to 23 times, whereas the log-structured array is preferable for low memory usage, since it saves up to 98% of memory compared with a flat array.
Experimental characteristics of an all-optical 2R regenerator with adjustable decision threshold (2003)

We present measurements on a fiber-optic Mach-Zehnder interferometer with Gain Clamped SOA's in both arms. We obtained a true (i.e. on a linear scale) decision characteristic with extinction ratio's of 10 dB. We also demonstrate that by varying the SOA currents, the decision threshold can be varied.
Wireless high-definition services over optical fiber networks (2009)

We experimentally demonstrate several key technologies to further explore the converged benefits of optical and wireless systems to offer wireless high-definition (HD) services for both fixed and mobile users. These technologies include spectrum-efficient multiband generation and dispersion-tolerant transmission, long-reach transmission without dispersion compensation, and a transport feasibility study for flexible optical routing using multiple reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers (ROADMs). Using the developed system, we successfully implement the testbed trial on the delivery of uncompressed 270 Mbits/s standard-definition television and 1.485 Gbits/s HD television video signals over optical fiber and air links.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal Borides: Superhard versus Ultra‐Incompressible. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
THE TAIPING REBELLION: THE EPISODE OF BURGEVINE (1863) (2010)

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Grain Refinement and Enhancement of Critical Current Density in the V<sub>0.60</sub>Ti<sub>0.40</sub> Alloy Superconductor With Gd Addition (2021)

The V-Ti alloys are promising materials as alternate to the commercial Nb-based superconductors for high current-high magnetic field applications. However, the critical current density (Jc) of these alloys are somewhat low due to their low grain-boundary density. We show here that grain refinement of the V-Ti alloys and enhancement of the Jc can be achieved by the addition of Gd into the system, which precipitates as clusters along the grain boundaries. Both the Jc and the pinning force density (FP) increase with the increasing Gd content up to 1 at. % Gd, where they are more than 20 times higher than those of the parent V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.60</sub> Ti <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.40</sub> alloy. Introduction of Gd into the system also leads to ferromagnetic (FM) correlations, and the alloys containing more than 0.5 at. % Gd exhibit spontaneous magnetization. In spite of the FM correlations, the superconducting transition temperature increases slightly with Gd-addition.
The influence of different soil substrates on the service life of Scots pine sapwood and oak heartwood in ground contact (2007)

Abstract The durability of wood in ground contact is affected by numerous influences, such as substrate quality, climate and microflora of the soil, which need to be considered for the prediction of service life of wooden components to be used in the ground. In this study the influence of different soil substrates on the service life of Scots pine sapwood (Pinus sylvestris L.) and oak heartwood (Quercus petraea Liebl.) was investigated. Mini-stakes were exposed in six different soils at the test site of the Federal Research Centre for Forestry and Forest Products (BFH) in Hamburg, Germany. The effect of partly embedding the test samples in concrete or polyethylene films was also examined. After 3 years of exposure the decay rates for both wood species differed significantly between the soil substrates. Compost soil and fertilized test field soil induced the highest decay activity, whereas in pure sand the lowest decay rates were observed. Surprisingly, exposure in gravel also led to higher decay ratings than sand. Protective measures by means of concrete embedding and polyethylene films performed well during the first 2 years of exposure, but showed increasing decay rates in the third year. The overall decay rating for all soil types was higher for oak heartwood than for pine sapwood. The meaning of different soils, independent of other site influences, for service life prediction of wood is discussed, and the need for further studies on this topic is highlighted.
400-Gb/s optical transmitter and receiver modules for on-board interconnects using polymer waveguide arrays (2018)

We propose 400-Gb/s (16 × 25 Gb/s) optical transmitter and receiver modules for on-board interconnects using polymer waveguide (PWG) arrays. Four four-channel vertical cavity surface emitting laser and PIN photodiode arrays are used in the optical transmitter and receiver modules. A 16-channel PWG array with a length of 140 mm and a pitch of 62.5 μm is used as a short-reach optical signal transmission medium in the module. The 25-Gb/s optical eye diagrams of the all output channels utilize PWG transmissions and exhibit good performance in the transmitter module, with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of over 8.01, peak-to-peak time jitter below 11.70 ps, and mask margin of over 31.5%. In the best-performance channel of the receiver module, the peak-to-peak time jitter and SNR of the eye diagram are 10.34 ps and 10.76, respectively, and the receiver sensitivity is approximately −2.6-dBm under a bit error rate of 10−12. The optical transmitter and receiver modules utilizing PWG transmissions were designed and fabricated to realize 400-Gb/s on-board interconnects.
The Conducted Emission Attenuation of Micro-Inverters for Nanogrid Systems (2019)

Road lighting systems require a significant amount of electric energy. To compensate for the utilized energy, the concept of a nanogrid road lighting system is presented. A solar panel is installed on the top of a lighting pole to generate electric power. In this research, a photovoltaic simulator (PV simulator), which is used to simulate solar behavior such as current, voltage, and power based on temperature and solar irradiance levels, is employed to replace a solar panel. In the nanogrid system, grid-connected and stand-alone micro-inverters are employed to convert the electric power. The inverters comprise switching devices that can generate electromagnetic interference (EMI) when operating, which is harmful to the grid system and the electrical equipment. In general, EMI has been studied and reduced in electrical appliances, which only receive electric power. However, for the nanogrid system, which supplies electricity to the grid system, there is less study on the EMI topic because the usage is still not widespread. In the future, the nanogrid system will be widely used delivering high power directly into the electrical grid system. Therefore, the study and attenuation of EMI in the nanogrid system are very promising. Conducted emission (CE) is one form of EMI that flows through a cable connecting several appliances in the frequency range of 150 kHz to 30 MHz. CE of grid-connected and stand-alone micro-inverters have high levels in the low-frequency range between 150 kHz–5 MHz and then decreases steadily. CE attenuation is important for this inverter in a solar power system. This research studies the effect of CE mitigation on the nanogrid system. The result is compared with the Comité International Spécial des Perturbations Radio (CISPR) 14-1 standard. Finally, the passive EMI filter can reduce CE and meets the CISPR 14-1 standard.
创新教学报告2015——探索教学、学习与评价的新形式 (2016)

本报告提出了在教学应用方面呈现端倪的“十大创新教学法”，包括跨界学习、论证学习、随机学习、基于情境的学习、计算思维、利用远程实验室在科学实验中学习、具身学习、适应性教学、情绪分析和隐性评价，预期这些方法有可能在教育实践中，尤其是在学校后继续教育中引发重大变革。
WHERE FATE BECKONS. THE LIFE OF JEAN-FRANCOIS DE LA PEROUSE (Review) (2008)

WHERE FATE BECKONS. THE LIFE OF JEAN-FRANCOIS DE LA PEROUSE by John Dunmore University of Alaska Press, 2007 Soft cover, ISBN 978-1-602230-03-3. $19.71 from Amazon.com Review by Georgia Lee
Correlated alterations in genome organization, histone methylation, and DNA–lamin A/C interactions in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (2012)

Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a premature aging disease that is frequently caused by a de novo point mutation at position 1824 in LMNA. This mutation activates a cryptic splice donor site in exon 11, and leads to an in-frame deletion within the prelamin A mRNA and the production of a dominant-negative lamin A protein, known as progerin. Here we show that primary HGPS skin fibroblasts experience genome-wide correlated alterations in patterns of H3K27me3 deposition, DNA-lamin A/C associations, and, at late passages, genome-wide loss of spatial compartmentalization of active and inactive chromatin domains. We further demonstrate that the H3K27me3 changes associate with gene expression alterations in HGPS cells. Our results support a model that the accumulation of progerin in the nuclear lamina leads to altered H3K27me3 marks in heterochromatin, possibly through the down-regulation of EZH2, and disrupts heterochromatin-lamina interactions. These changes may result in transcriptional misregulation and eventually trigger the global loss of spatial chromatin compartmentalization in late passage HGPS fibroblasts.
La Corée du Nord vers l'économie de marché (2002)

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Artificial Intelligence Algorithms (2012)

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the study of how to make computers do things which, at the moment, people do better. Thus Strong AI claims that in near future we will be surrounded by such kinds of machine which can completely works like human being and machine could have human level intelligence. One intention of this article is to excite a broader AI audience about abstract algorithmic information theory concepts, and conversely to inform theorists about exciting applications to AI.The science of Artificial Intelligence (AI) might be defined as the construction of intelligent systems and their analysis.
Low-pressure detachment nanolithography (2006)

A simple, one-step method is developed to fabricate various nanostructures such as nanoholes and nanolines based on the detachment of an organic polymer film in contact with a patterned polyurethane acrylate mould under a low physical pressure (1-2 bar) at ambient conditions. Calculation of the work of adhesion based on contact angle measurements indicates that the adhesion strength at the organic/mould interface is greater than that at the organic/substrate interface, resulting in a successful detachment without any surface modifications. 4,4(')-bis[N-1-napthyl-N-phenyl-amino]biphenyl (NPB) is used as the organic film owing to its low cohesion energy and stability in air. Nanoholes as small as 150 nm and nanolines as small as 50 nm have been fabricated using this approach. These nanostructures are used as a template for selective deposition of silver nanoparticles and a wet/dry etch resist for further pattern transfer.