gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Production of Polyclonal Antisera (2008)

Abstract Much of modern biology and biochemistry relies on the availability of highly specific antibodies for use in such ubiquitous techniques as immunohistochemistry, ELISAs, immunoprecipitation, and immunoblotting. Thus, the generation of large quantities of specific antibodies directed against proteins or peptides of interest is essential to the success of both basic and applied research programs. In addition, with the advent of antibody‐based proteomic strategies for profiling protein expression and post‐translational modification, a requirement for timely production of specific antibodies has been exemplified. Polyclonal antibodies derived from animals immunized with purified proteins or peptides are particularly valuable for use in the laboratory. This appendix provides protocols for the production of polyclonal antisera specific for protein antigens using rabbits, rats, mice, and hamsters. Curr. Protocol. Cytom . 43:A.3I.1‐A.3I.10. © 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Novel organic–inorganic hybrid materials from renewable resources: Hydrosilylation of fatty acid derivatives (2005)

Abstract Novel hybrid organic–inorganic materials were prepared from 10‐undecenoyl triglyceride and methyl 3,4,5‐tris(10‐undecenoyloxy)benzoate via hydrosilylation. 1,4‐Bis(dimethylsilyl)benzene, tetrakis(dimethylsilyloxy)silane, and 2,4,6,8‐tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane were used as crosslinkers. The hydrosilylation reaction was catalyzed by Karstedt's catalyst [Pt(0)–divinyltetramethyldisiloxane complex]. The networks were structurally characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 13 C NMR, and 29 Si magic‐angle‐spinning NMR. The thermal properties of these hybrids were studied with differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and dynamic mechanical analysis. The obtained materials showed good transparency and promising properties for optical applications. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 6295–6307, 2005
Perceptual learning of systematic variation in Spanish-accented speech (2009)

Spoken language is characterized by an enormous amount of variability in how linguistic segments are realized. In order to investigate how speech perceptual processes accommodate to multiple sources of variation, adult native speakers of American English were trained with English words or sentences produced by six Spanish-accented talkers. At test, listeners transcribed utterances produced by six familiar or unfamiliar Spanish-accented talkers. With only brief exposure, listeners perceptually adapted to accent-general regularities in spoken language, generalizing to novel accented words and sentences produced by unfamiliar accented speakers. Acoustic properties of vowel production and their relation to identification performance were assessed to determine if the English listeners were sensitive to systematic variation in the realization of accented vowels. Vowels that showed the most improvement after Spanish-accented training were distinct from nearby vowels in terms of their acoustic characteristics. These findings suggest that the speech perceptual system dynamically adjusts to the acoustic consequences of changes in talker's voice and accent.
Thalamic Dysfunction in Schizophrenia Suggested by Whole-Night Deficits in Slow and Fast Spindles (2010)

These results indicate that spindle deficits can be reliably established in schizophrenia, are stable across the night, are unlikely to be due to antipsychotic medications, and point to deficits in the thalamic reticular nucleus and thalamo-reticular circuits.
IVF/ICSI twin pregnancies: risks and prevention (2005)

Since the 1970s, the national twin birth rates have been increasing worldwide. Apart from the increasing childbearing age, the main cause is the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). To explore the overall consequences of dual embryo transfer (DET), the literature has been reviewed systematically regarding short- and long-term outcomes of IVF/ICSI twin pregnancies i.e. pregnancy complications, maternal risks, obstetric outcome and long-term morbidity including neurological sequelae, cognitive development and family implications. Another consequence of DET is vanishing twins, which seems to be a possible cause of adverse outcome in IVF singletons. The sparse literature on vanishing twins in IVF pregnancies and the influence on the surviving co-twin were also addressed. Finally, to determine the effects of implementing elective single embryo transfer (eSET), trials concerning eSET versus DET were analysed. In the light of the steadily increasing twin birth rates and the findings in this overview, where IVF/ICSI twins carry adverse outcome, it should be emphasized that the major obstacle in IVF remains the high twin birth rate. Furthermore vanishing twins account for another hazard of DET. These problems can be resolved by implementing eSET, diminishing the twin birth rate without affecting the overall goal of achieving a healthy infant.
Matched field processing for underwater acoustics (1993)

This monograph is intended for use by professional scientists and engineers who are either attempting to familiarize themselves with the relatively new signal processing technique known as Matched Field Processing (MFP) or who would like further detailed information about some aspect of MFP. MFP has reached a point where there has been a great deal of material published but it is widespread and scattered with most in the form of journal articles. To date, there has not been a single book published which deals with this subject in any length, and very few review-like articles. It can be a very inefficient and frustrating introduction particularly since there is currently no uniform notation and danger warnings are not well posted. This book seeks to address this deficiency by: providing a comprehensive guide to the history and development of MFP including derivations of the most popular processors in use; discussing situations under which MFP has difficulties (either computationally or in practice); including extensive examples showing how various processors behave under typical conditions; increasing the reader's awareness of the wide range of applications currently being explored; and exposing the reader to important associated publications available in the literature with accompanying remarks suggesting their key conclusions or contributions.
Minicells, Back in Fashion (2016)

Cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) has emerged as a leading technique for three-dimensional visualization of large macromolecular complexes and their conformational changes in their native cellular environment. However, the resolution and potential applications of cryo-ET are fundamentally limited by specimen thickness, preventing high-resolution in situ visualization of macromolecular structures in many bacteria (such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica). Minicells, which were discovered nearly 50 years ago, have recently been exploited as model systems to visualize molecular machines in situ, due to their smaller size and other unique properties. In this review, we discuss strategies for producing minicells and highlight their use in the study of chemotactic signaling, protein secretion, and DNA translocation. In combination with powerful genetic tools and advanced imaging techniques, minicells provide a springboard for in-depth structural studies of bacterial macromolecular complexes in situ and therefore offer a unique approach for gaining novel structural insights into many important processes in microbiology.
OpenMili: a 60 GHz software radio with a programmable phased-array antenna (2016)

The 60 GHz wireless technology holds great potential for multi-Gbps communications and high-precision radio sensing. But the lack of an accessible experimental platform has been impeding its progress. We propose to overcome the barrier with OpenMili, a reconfigurable 60 GHz radio architecture. OpenMili builds from off-the-shelf FPGA processor, data converters and 60 GHz RF front-end. It employs customized clocking, channelization and interfacing modules, to achieve Gsps sampling bandwidth, Gbps wireless bit-rate, and Gsps sample streaming from/to a PC host. It also incorporates the first programmable, electronically steerable 60 GHz phased-array antenna. OpenMili adopts programming models that ease development, through automatic parallelization inside signal processing blocks, and modular, rate-insensitive interfaces across blocks. In this demo, we will showcase OpenMili's hardware modules, and demonstrate example communication and sensing applications based on it.
The Nonintegrin Laminin Binding Protein (p67 LBP) Is Expressed on a Subset of Activated Human T Lymphocytes and, Together with the Integrin Very Late Activation Antigen-6, Mediates Avid Cellular Adherence to Laminin (1999)

A search for genes expressed in activated T cells revealed that the nonintegrin, 67-kDa laminin binding protein (p67 LBP) is expressed on the surface of a subset (10-15%) of activated peripheral blood T cells. Surface p67 LBP expression is detectable by FACS using the anti-p67 LBP mAb, MLuC5, within 6 h of T cell activation with phorbol dibutyrate and ionomycin, peaks 18-36 h postactivation, and persists for 7-10 days. The subset of T cells expressing p67 LBP is composed of mature, single-positive cells (85% CD4+8-, 15% CD4-8+) of memory cell phenotype (100% CD45 RO+/CD45 RA-). The p67 LBP+ T cells also express the integrin alpha6 chain (CD49f), which is known to associate with p67 LBP on tumor cells. In addition, the p67 LBP+ T cells express the integrin beta1, which associates with alpha6 in the laminin-specific integrin receptor very late activation Ag (VLA)-6 (alpha6beta1). Expression of an exogenous cDNA encoding the 37-kDa LBP precursor (p37 LBPP) confers p67 LBP surface expression on a p67 LBP-negative Jurkat T cell line (B2.7). Expression of p67 LBP induces B2.7 transfectants to adhere to laminin, but avid laminin binding depends on coexpression of VLA-6. Taken together, these data indicate that p67 LBP is an activation-induced surface structure on memory T cells that, together with VLA-6, mediates cellular adherence to laminin.
Using coupled inductors to enhance transient performance of multi-phase buck converters (2004)

Motivated by modern microprocessors' demand for high-current, low-voltage power with large transient load steps, a scalable multi-phase coupled inductor buck circuit is presented which delivers 80 A at 1.2 V from a 12 V input. 4-phase coupling and 1 MHz per-phase switching frequency enable the use of 50 nil per-phase leakage inductance so that the system is capable of supporting 15%-to-full-to-15% load transient steps with a 72 mV output voltage window using only a small bank of MLCC output capacitors.
Data clustering-based anomaly detection in industrial control systems (2014)

Modern Networked Critical Infrastructures (NCI), involving cyber and physical systems, are exposed to intelligent cyber attacks targeting the stable operation of these systems. In order to ensure anomaly awareness, the observed data can be used in accordance with data mining techniques to develop Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) or Anomaly Detection Systems (ADS). There is an increase in the volume of sensor data generated by both cyber and physical sensors, so there is a need to apply Big Data technologies for real-time analysis of large data sets. In this paper, we propose a clustering based approach for detecting cyber attacks that cause anomalies in NCI. Various clustering techniques are explored to choose the most suitable for clustering the time-series data features, thus classifying the states and potential cyber attacks to the physical system. The Hadoop implementation of MapReduce paradigm is used to provide a suitable processing environment for large datasets. A case study on a NCI consisting of multiple gas compressor stations is presented.
Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty with a Porous-Coated Acetabular Component. Seven-to-Ten-Year Results* (1997)

One hundred and eighty-four patients who had been managed, between 1984 and 1985, with a total of 204 consecutive primary total hip arthroplasties with insertion of a Harris-Galante type-I acetabular component without cement were prospectively studied. There were eighty-two men (45 per cent) and 102 women (55 per cent). The mean age at the time of the operation was fifty-two years (range, twenty to eighty-four years). One hundred and fifty-seven patients (173 hips) were available for clinical review at a mean of 104 months (range, seventy-eight to 126 months). At this time, the mean preoperative Harris hip score of 52 points (range, 12 to 79 points) had improved to a mean of 90 points (range, 44 to 100 points). Two patients (two hips) had an exchange of an excessively worn polyethylene liner. One patient (one hip) had debridement and grafting of an area of massive retroacetabular osteolysis. Two stable acetabular components (1 per cent) had been revised at the time of femoral revision. None of the cups had been revised because of aseptic loosening. Radiographic examination of 150 patients (165 hips) at a mean of 104 months (range, seventy-eight to 126 months) revealed that 156 cups (95 per cent) were stable. Eight cups (5 per cent) were considered to be possibly unstable, with a radiolucent line between the prosthesis and the bone that was one millimeter wide or less in at least four of five zones; two of the eight had a complete radiolucent line in all zones. One component, which had been implanted with a bulk allograft from a femoral head, migrated more than two millimeters in the first two years and then stabilized without complication. Osteolysis was seen in seven acetabula (4 per cent) and was limited to the periphery of the cup in six. Survivorship analysis at ten years revealed that the acetabular component had a 99 per cent chance of survival (95 per cent confidence interval, 0.98 to 1.0) with revision or aseptic loosening as the end point and a 97 per cent chance of survival (95 per cent confidence interval, 0.95 to 1.0) with revision, aseptic loosening, or reoperation because of a problem related to the acetabular component as the end point.
S-adenosylmethionine and methylthioadenosine are antiapoptotic in cultured rat hepatocytes but proapoptotic in human hepatoma cells (2002)

S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) is an essential compound in cellular transmethylation reactions and a precursor of polyamine and glutathione synthesis in the liver. In liver injury, the synthesis of AdoMet is impaired and its availability limited. AdoMet administration attenuates experimental liver damage, improves survival of alcoholic patients with cirrhosis, and prevents experimental hepatocarcinogenesis. Apoptosis contributes to different liver injuries, many of which are protected by AdoMet. The mechanism of AdoMet's hepatoprotective and chemopreventive effects are largely unknown. The effect of AdoMet on okadaic acid (OA)-induced apoptosis was evaluated using primary cultures of rat hepatocytes and human hepatoma cell lines. AdoMet protected rat hepatocytes from OA-induced apoptosis dose dependently. It attenuated mitochondrial cytochrome c release, caspase 3 activation, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. These effects were independent from AdoMet-dependent glutathione synthesis, and mimicked by 5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA), which is derived from AdoMet. Interestingly, AdoMet and MTA did not protect HuH7 cells from OA-induced apoptosis; conversely both compounds behaved as proapoptotic agents. AdoMet's proapoptotic effect was dose dependent and observed also in HepG2 cells. In conclusion, AdoMet exerts opposing effects on apoptosis in normal versus transformed hepatocytes that could be mediated through its conversion to MTA. These effects may participate in the hepatoprotective and chemopreventive properties of this safe and well-tolerated drug.
Comparative study of Principal Component Analysis based Intrusion Detection approach using machine learning algorithms (2015)

This paper induces the prominence of variegated machine learning techniques adapted so far for the identifying different network attacks and suggests a preferable Intrusion Detection System (IDS) with the available system resources while optimizing the speed and accuracy. With booming number of intruders and hackers in todays vast and sophisticated computerized world, it is unceasingly challenging to identify unknown attacks in promising time with no false positive and no false negative. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) curtails the amount of data to be compared by reducing their dimensions prior to classification that results in reduction of detection time. In this paper, PCA is adopted to reduce higher dimension dataset to lower dimension dataset. It is accomplished by converting network packet header fields into a vector then PCA applied over high dimensional dataset to reduce the dimension. The reduced dimension dataset is tested with Support Vector Machines (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), J48 Tree algorithm, Random Forest Tree classification algorithm, Adaboost algorihm, Nearest Neighbors generalized Exemplars algorithm, Navebayes probabilistic classifier and Voting Features Interval classification algorithm. Obtained results demonstrates detection accuracy, computational efficiency with minimal false alarms, less system resources utilization. Experimental results are compared with respect to detection rate and detection time and found that TREE classification algorithms achieved superior results over other algorithms. The whole experiment is conducted by using KDD99 data set.
Mining complex models from arbitrarily large databases in constant time (2002)

In this paper we propose a scaling-up method that is applicable to essentially any induction algorithm based on discrete search. The result of applying the method to an algorithm is that its running time becomes independent of the size of the database, while the decisions made are essentially identical to those that would be made given infinite data. The method works within pre-specified memory limits and, as long as the data is iid, only requires accessing it sequentially. It gives anytime results, and can be used to produce batch, stream, time-changing and active-learning versions of an algorithm. We apply the method to learning Bayesian networks, developing an algorithm that is faster than previous ones by orders of magnitude, while achieving essentially the same predictive performance. We observe these gains on a series of large databases "generated from benchmark networks, on the KDD Cup 2000 e-commerce data, and on a Web log containing 100 million requests.
Une hypothèse nicotinique pour Covid-19 avec des implications préventives et thérapeutiques (2020)

L’epidemie de SARS-Cov-2 pose un probleme considerable de sante publique a l’echelle planetaire. Il y a urgence extreme de decouvrir des traitements qui se fondent sur les connaissances scientifiques disponibles. Nous proposons donc une hypothese plausible mais provisoire qui puisse le moment venu contribuer a sauver des vies. Elle se fonde sur la litterature scientifique disponible et sur des donnees epidemiologiques nouvelles qui revelent que le statut de fumeur parait etre un facteur de protection contre l’infection par SARS-Cov-2 [1]. Nous proposons l’hypothese que le recepteur nicotinique de l’acetylcholine (nAChR) joue un role critique dans la pathophysiologie de l’infection Covid-19 et puisse representer une cible pour la prevention et le controle de l’infection.
Development of a hand-held real-time decision support aid for critical care nursing (2003)

In the current health care environment, nurse clinicians must work "faster and smarter" making complex decisions on almost a continual basis. Evidence-based knowledge and standardized guides, such as clinical algorithms, can support clinical nursing decisions, however; effective real-time access is limited. This paper outlines research addressing this problem. In this research, current clinical knowledge is delivered to the clinician via an off-the-shelf handheld computer using wireless access to a central server and data repository. Innovative minimal-set database, data mining and knowledge discovery algorithms using a combination of case based and rule based learning with added confidence measures permitting bi-directional (forward and backwards) inferencing based on individual client data are developed and presented for the hand held device. The technology provides real-time decision support for the multiple cases and sequential decisions characterizing present critical care nursing practice. Nurses will be able to consider a full range of alternative explanations, determine additional data needs, find, isolate and examine patient case outliers for additional diagnostic data or verify the appropriateness of a selected strategy. Once fully developed the system will have the capacity to maintain a history of a series of decisions and outcomes thereby over time improving the case base and rule bases used for decision support. Outcomes of the real time decision support aid include more timely health care, less biased decisions, and improved patient outcomes.
Welding and brazing of nickel and nickel-base alloys (1972)

The joining of four types of nickel-base materials is described: (1) high-nickel, nonheat-treatable alloys, (2) solid-solution-hardening nickel-base alloys, (3) precipitation-hardening nickel-base alloys, and (4) dispersion-hardening nickel-base alloys. The high-nickel and solid-solution-hardening alloys are widely used in chemical containers and piping. These materials have excellent resistance to corrosion and oxidation, and retain useful strength at elevated temperatures. The precipitation-hardening alloys have good properties at elevated temperature. They are important in many aerospace applications. Dispersion-hardening nickel also is used for elevated-temperature service.
The porphyrin TmPyP4 unfolds the extremely stable G-quadruplex in MT3-MMP mRNA and alleviates its repressive effect to enhance translation in eukaryotic cells (2012)

We report that the cationic porphyrin TmPyP4, which is known mainly as a DNA G-quadruplex stabilizer, unfolds an unusually stable all purine RNA G-quadruplex (M3Q) that is located in the 5'-UTR of MT3-MMP mRNA. When the interaction between TmPyP4 and M3Q was monitored by UV spectroscopy a 22-nm bathochromic shift and 75% hypochromicity of the porphin major Soret band was observed indicating direct binding of the two molecules. TmPyP4 disrupts folded M3Q in a concentration-dependent fashion as was observed by circular dichroism (CD), 1D (1)H NMR and native gel electrophoresis. Additionally, when TmPyP4 is present during the folding process it inhibits the M3Q RNA from adopting a G-quadruplex structure. Using a dual reporter gene construct that contained the M3Q sequence alone or the entire 5'-UTR of MT3-MMP mRNA, we report here that TmPyP4 can relieve the inhibitory effect of the M3Q G-quadruplex. However, the same concentrations of TmPyP4 failed to affect translation of a mutated construct. Thus, TmPyP4 has the ability to unfold an RNA G-quadruplex of extreme stability and modulate activity of a reporter gene presumably via the disruption of the G-quadruplex.