gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new plasmid-based microRNA inhibitor system that inhibits microRNA families in transgenic mice and cells: a potential new therapeutic reagent (2016)

Current tools for the inhibition of microRNA (miR) function are limited to modified antisense oligonucleotides, sponges and decoy RNA molecules and none have been used to understand miR function during development. CRISPR/Cas-mediated deletion of miR sequences within the genome requires multiple chromosomal deletions to remove all functional miR family members because of duplications. Here, we report a novel plasmid-based miR inhibitor system (PMIS) that expresses a new RNA molecule, which inhibits miR family members in cells and mice. The PMIS engineered RNA optimal secondary structure, flanking sequences and specific antisense miR oligonucleotide sequence bind the miR in a stable complex to inhibit miR activity. In cells, one PMIS can effectively inhibit miR family members that share the same seed sequence. The PMIS shows no off-target effects or toxicity and is highly specific for miRs sharing identical seed sequences. Transgenic mice expressing both PMIS-miR-17-18 and PMIS-miR-19-92 show similar phenotypes of miR-17-92-knockout mice. Interestingly, mice only expressing PMIS-miR-17-18 have developmental defects distinct from mice only expressing PMIS-miR-19-92 demonstrating usefulness of the PMIS system to dissect different functions of miRs within clusters. Different PMIS miR inhibitors can be linked together to knock down multiple miRs expressed from different chromosomes. Inhibition of the miR-17-92, miR-106a-363 and miR-106b-25 clusters reveals new mechanisms and developmental defects for these miRs. We report a new tool to dissect the role of miRs in development without genome editing, inhibit miR function in cells and as a potential new therapeutic reagent.
Simultaneous Detection of Ca2+ and Diacylglycerol Signaling in Living Cells (2012)

Phospholipase C produces two second messengers--diacylglycerol (DAG), which remains in the membrane, and inositol triphosphate (IP(3)), which triggers the release of calcium ions (Ca(2+)) from intracellular stores. Genetically encoded sensors based on a single circularly permuted fluorescent protein (FP) are robust tools for studying intracellular Ca(2+) dynamics. We have developed a robust sensor for DAG based on a circularly permuted green FP that can be co-imaged with the red fluorescent Ca(2+) sensor R-GECO for simultaneous measurement of both second messengers.
Development of FUJI DRI-CHEM v-LIP-P Slide that Has the High Specificity to Pancreatic Lipase (2011)

The lipase of blood is mainly a deviation enzyme from pancreas, and its activity is a highly evaluated index for pancreatitis diagnosis in human medical care. However, the sensitivity and specificity for the pancreatitis of the blood lipase activity is low in the veterinarian medical care for dogs and cats , and making rapid diagnosis has been difficult to conduct. The Pancreatic Lipase Immunoreactivity (PLI), a blood diagnosis method, is the most superior in sensitivity and specificity as a pancreatitis marker for the dogs and cats at present. However, because PLI is not easy and rapid, there is a strong need for the development of an easy and rapid method of pancreatitis screening. FUJI DRI-CHEM (FDC), a dry chemistry method, is a system that enables measurement of various enzymic activities in the blood easily and rapidly, which has widely been used in veterinary care. Now we have developed the FDC v-LIP-P Slide having high specificity to measurable pancreas lipase. The measurement principle we used is the triglyceride method. The specificity for the pancreas lipase has also been improved by prescribing colipase, bile salt and sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate, which is an anionic detergent. In addition, the reactivity has been improved by prescribing triolein, an emulsified substrate, to secure the area of the oil-water interface for the reaction to the pancreatic lipase. It was confirmed that the correlation of FDC v-LIP-P Slide and PLI was excellent. This shows that this slide is a very effective diagnostic product for the rapid screening of pancreatitis.
U.V. CURED EPOXY-ACRYLATE COATINGS ON OPTICAL FIBERS I. CHEMISTRY AND APPLICATION (1977)

Glass is inherently very strong, but due to its susceptibility to physical damage and corrosion by water, long lengths of very strong glass fibers have not been produced until recently. To accomplish this goal, a glass fiber has to be coated with a material which provides adequate protection against corrosion by water and physical damage. Such a coating must meet many other practical requirements in order to be suitable for use in commercial production of optical fibers.
Whole-spacecraft passive launch isolation (1997)

Abstract : A spacecraft is subjected to very large dynamic forces from its launch vehicle during its ascent into orbit. These large forces place stringent design requirements on the spacecraft and its components to assure that the trip to orbit will be survived. The severe launch environment accounts for much of the expense of designing, qualifying, and testing satellite components. Reduction of launch loads would allow more sensitive equipment to be included in missions, reduce risk of equipment or component failure, and possibly allow the mass of the spacecraft bus to be reduced. These benefits apply to military as well as commercial satellites. This paper reports the design and testing of a prototype whole-spacecraft isolation system which will replace current payload attach fittings, is passive-only in nature, and provides lateral isolation to a spacecraft which is mounted on it. This isolation system is being designed for a medium launch vehicle and a 6500 lb spacecraft, but the isolation technology is applicable to practically all launch vehicles and spacecraft, small and large. The isolator significantly reduces the launch loads seen by the spacecraft. Follow-on contracts will produce isolating payload attach fittings for commercial and government launches.
Holographic multivergence target for subjective measurement of the astigmatic error of the human eye (2007)

In subjective refraction the spherical and cylindrical errors of the human eye are measured. Recently, we reported a technique by which the spherical error can be measured in one step using a hologram [K. V. Avudainayagam and C. S. Avudainayagam, Opt. Lett.28, 123 (2003)]. We have now developed a holographic target consisting of sunburst patterns to measure the astigmatic error of the human eye as well. Apart from being simple, quick, and low cost, holography offers the advantage of being an open field refraction system that is devoid of the problem of proximal accommodation. We describe the holographic target, its working principles, the measurement procedure, and the initial results obtained.
Supporting NUMA-Aware I/O in Virtual Machines (2016)

In a nonuniform memory access (NUMA) system, I/O to a local interconnect is more efficient than I/O to a remote interconnect. Managing resources of virtual machines (VMs) is complex in a virtualized NUMA system because multiple VMs are competing for CPU, memory, and devices spread across NUMA nodes. In this article, the authors study how to schedule VMs for better I/O on a NUMA system. They discuss the design of a NUMA-aware I/O hypervisor scheduler that aligns VMs and hypervisor threads on NUMA boundaries while extracting the most benefit from local device I/O.
Synthesis, Functionalization, and Characterization of Fusogenic Porous Silicon Nanoparticles for Oligonucleotide Delivery (2019)

With the advent of gene therapy, the development of an effective in vivo nucleotide-payload delivery system has become of parallel import. Fusogenic porous silicon nanoparticles (F-pSiNPs) have recently demonstrated high in vivo gene silencing efficacy due to its high oligonucleotide loading capacity and unique cellular uptake pathway that avoids endocytosis. The synthesis of F-pSiNPs is a multi-step process that includes: (1) loading and sealing of oligonucleotide payloads in the silicon pores; (2) simultaneous coating and sizing of fusogenic lipids around the porous silicon cores; and (3) conjugation of targeting peptides and washing to remove excess oligonucleotide, silicon debris, and peptide. The particle’s size uniformity is characterized by dynamic light scattering, and its core-shell structure may be verified by transmission electron microscopy. The fusogenic uptake is validated by loading a lipophilic dye, 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI), into the fusogenic lipid bilayer and treating it to cells in vitro to observe for plasma membrane staining versus endocytic localizations. The targeting and in vivo gene silencing efficacies were previously quantified in a mouse model of Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia, in which the targeting peptide is expected to help the F-pSiNPs to home to the site of infection. Beyond its application in S. aureus infection, the F-pSiNP system may be used to deliver any oligonucleotide for gene therapy of a wide range of diseases, including viral infections, cancer, and autoimmune diseases.
Transversely reinforced 1-3 and 1-3-0 piezoelectric composites (1983)

Abstract Piezoelectric PZT-polymer 1-3 and 1-3-0 composites were transversely reinforced with glass fibers to increase the hydrostatic piezoelectric coefficients for possible use in hydrophone applications. Modeling of these composites theoretically showed that the dhgh figure of merit is a function of the volume fractions of PZT rods, glass fibers, and polymer porosity, and of the Poisson's ratio and compliance of the polymer matrix. Experimental results showed significant enhancements of the dhgh figure of merit with the addition of glass fibers. Comparisons of the theoretical predictions and the experimental results were made.
Effectiveness of cell outage compensation in LTE networks (2011)

Cell outage management is a self-healing functionality in future mobile cellular networks, aiming to automatically detect cell or site level outages (cell outage detection) as well as to mitigate as much as possible the caused degradation of coverage, capacity and/or service quality (cell outage compensation). Cell outage compensation has a variety of control parameters (and combination thereof) at its disposal in surrounding cells/sites, including the reference signal power P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">RS</sub> , antenna tilt, scheduling parameters and the uplink target received power level P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> . By appropriately tuning these control parameters, the outage-induced performance effects can be minimised, in terms of some operator-specified balance of relevant performance metrics. This paper analyses the effectiveness of selected control parameters in mitigating the effects of cell/site outages, learning that the antenna tilt and P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> are most effective in restoring coverage, while P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> is most effective in restoring user throughput performance.
Lateral organic light-emitting diode with field-effect transistor characteristics (2005)

We succeeded in observing bright electroluminescence (EL) from 1wt%-rubrene doped tetraphenylpyrene (TPPy) as an active layer in a lateral organic light-emitting diode structure that allowed field-effect transistor operation. This device configuration provides an organic light-emitting diode structure where the anode (source) and cathode (drain) electrodes are laterally arranged, providing us a chance to control the EL intensity by changing the gate bias. We demonstrated that TPPy provides compatible transistor and EL characteristics. Further, not only rubrene doping into the TPPy host but also adjusting the source-drain channel length significantly improved the EL characteristics. We observed a maximum EL quantum efficiency (ηext) of ∼0.5% with a Cr∕Au source (S)-drain (D) electrode and a slightly higher ηext of ∼0.8% with S-D electrodes of MgAu∕Au, Al∕Au, Cr∕YAu∕Au, and MgAl∕Au multilayers, aiming for simultaneous hole and electron injection.
Multi-wavelength quantitative polarization and phase microscope (2019)

We introduce a snapshot multi-wavelength quantitative polarization and phase microscope (MQPPM) for measuring spectral dependent quantitative polarization and phase information. The system uniquely integrates a polarized light microscope and a snap-shot quantitative phase microscope in a single system, utilizing a novel full-Stokes camera operating in the red, green, and blue (RGB) spectrum. The linear retardance and fast axis orientation of a birefringent sample can be measured simultaneously in the visible spectra. Both theoretical analysis and experiments have been performed to demonstrate the capability of the proposed microscope. Data from liquid crystal and different biological samples are presented. We believe that MQPPM will be a useful tool in measuring quantitative polarization and phase information of live cells.
Development of a Low-Cost Cotton-Tipped Electrochemical Immunosensor for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 (2020)

Collection of nasopharyngeal samples using swabs followed by the transfer of the virus into a solution and an RNA extraction step to perform reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the primary method currently used for the diagnosis of COVID-19. However, the need for several reagents and steps and the high cost of PCR hinder its worldwide implementation to contain the outbreak. Here, we report a cotton-tipped electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus antigen. Unlike the reported approaches, we integrated the sample collection and detection tools into a single platform by coating screen-printed electrodes with absorbing cotton padding. The immunosensor was fabricated by immobilizing the virus nucleocapsid (N) protein on carbon nanofiber-modified screen-printed electrodes which were functionalized by diazonium electrografting. The detection of the virus antigen was achieved via swabbing followed by competitive assay using a fixed amount of N protein antibody in the solution. A square wave voltammetric technique was used for the detection. The limit of detection for our electrochemical biosensor was 0.8 pg/mL for SARS-CoV-2, indicating very good sensitivity for the sensor. The biosensor did not show significant cross-reactivity with other virus antigens such as influenza A and HCoV, indicating high selectivity of the method. Moreover, the biosensor was successfully applied for the detection of the virus antigen in spiked nasal samples showing excellent recovery percentages. Thus, our electrochemical immunosensor is a promising diagnostic tool for the direct rapid detection of the COVID-19 virus that requires no sample transfer or pretreatment.
Conformationally Restricted Competitive Antagonists of Human/Rat Corticotropin-Releasing Factor (1994)

Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) is a 41-peptide amide which stimulates the release of ACTH (Vale et al. Science 1981, 213, 1394). CRF has been postulated to assume an alpha-helical conformation upon binding to its pituitary receptor (Hernandez et al. J. Med. Chem. 1993, 36, 2860). We have exploited this hypothesis in the design of a limited series of cyclic analogues and have taken into consideration the effects of side-chain deletion (Alanine scan, Kornreich et al. J. Med. Chem. 1992, 35, 1870) as well as of changes in chirality (Rivier et al. J. Med. Chem. 1993, 36, 2851), with the rationale that side chains necessary for binding could also be replaced by side-chain bridges. In particular, we have used computer modeling to predict likely side chain bridging opportunities and evaluated the effects of such replacements by correlating biological results with those derived from CD spectroscopy. We have synthesized 38 monocyclic peptide amides, competitive antagonists of human/rat CRF, using solid-phase methodology on MBHA resin. After purification by preparative RP-HPLC, the peptides were analyzed by RP-HPLC and capillary zone electrophoresis and characterized by mass spectroscopy and amino acid analysis. CRF antagonists were tested for their ability to interfere with CRF-induced release of ACTH by rat anterior pituitary cells. In most cases, one of the bridge heads was located at a position where substitution by a D-residue was tolerated (i.e., positions 12 and 20). It has become clear that careful optimization of bridge length and chirality is critical. This is best exemplified by the fact that out of the 38 analogues that were synthesized and tested, only two, [cyclo(20-23)[DPhe12,Glu20,Lys23, Nle21,38]h/rCRF12-41 and cyclo(20-23)[DPhe12,Glu20,Orn23,Nle21,38] h/rCRF12-41], were found to be more potent (3 and 2 times, respectively) than [DPhe12,Nle21,38]h/rCRF12-41, the parent compound. Six analogues belonging to two different families were found to be half as potent as the standard, 18 had 2-20% of the potency of the standard, and the others were significantly less potent. CD results of all analogues in 50% TFE (a concentration of TFE that induced nearly maximum helicity of [DPhe12,Nle21,38]h/rCRF12-41) suggest that while helicity may be an important factor for CRF analogue recognition, little correlation is found between percent helicity as determined by spectral deconvolution and biological activity in vitro.
High-Q 3D Micro-Shell Resonator with High Shock Immunity and Low Frequency Mismatch for MEMS Gyroscopes (2019)

In this work we report an improved design and method for fabrication of precision shell integrating (PSI) resonators for gyroscopes. PSI resonators are designed for lower thermomechanical noise and higher shock tolerance. We demonstrate fused silica (FS) micro-shell resonators with tailored sidewall thickness to tune the stiffness and mass of different regions in the resonators. PSI resonators of 10 mm diameter are demonstrated with low frequency split (1.2 Hz), high Q (7.5 million) and long ring-down time (6 minutes). The resonator's sidewall thickness is tailored to achieve large effective mass (>8 mg) and obtain n=2 wine-glass mode frequency at 6-7 kHz for immunity to vibrations. The shells were successfully tested for survivability under 7000g shock. These parameters are critical in achieving near navigation-grade performance ( , Bias Instability <; 1mdeg/hr) for a MEMS gyroscope.
Regulation of insulin secretion and blood glucose metabolism by adrenomedullin. (1996)

Adrenomedullin (AM), a recently discovered hypotensive peptide, is expressed in the endocrine pancreas of different species, as demonstrated by immunocytochemistry. Electron microscopic studies with double immunogold showed colocalization of AM and pancreatic polypeptide. A homogeneous expression of AM receptor was found throughout the islet using in situ hybridization. Six different insulin- producing cell lines have been analyzed by reverse transcription-PCR and showed expression of both AM and its receptor. Two experimental models have been used to study the effects of AM in pancreatic physiology. 1) Analysis of isolated rat islets shows that AM inhibits insulin secretion in a dose-dependent manner. The monoclonal antibody MoAb-G6, which neutralizes AM bioactivity, was able to increase insulin release 5-fold; this effect was reversed by the addition of synthetic AM. 2) Oral glucose tolerance tests showed that iv injection of AM reduces the levels of insulin in the bloodstream with a concomitant increase in circulating glucose. These studies implicate AM as a newly defined factor of the insulin regulatory system that could be involved in disorders such as diabetes and obesity.
PCR random mutagenesis into <i>Escherichia coli</i> serine acetyltransferase: isolation of the mutant enzymes that cause overproduction of <scp>L</scp>‐cysteine and <scp>L</scp>‐cystine due to the desensitization to feedback inhibition (1999)

PCR random mutagenesis in the cysE gene encoding Escherichia coli serine acetyltransferase was employed to isolate the mutant enzymes that, due to a much less feedback inhibition by L-cysteine, cause overproduction of L-cysteine and L-cystine in the recombinant strains. The L-cysteine auxotrophic and non-utilizing E. coli strain was transformed with plasmids having the altered cysE genes. Then, several transformants overproducing L-cysteine were selected by detecting the halo formation of the L-cysteine auxotroph. The production test of amino acids and analysis of the catalytic property on the mutant enzymes suggest that the carboxy-terminal region of serine acetyltransferase plays an important role in the desensitization to feedback inhibition and the high level production of L-cysteine and L-cystine.
Antimalarials. 15. Side‐chain analogues of 8‐(4‐amino‐1‐methylbutylamino)‐6‐methoxy‐4‐methyl‐5‐(3‐trifluoromethylphenoxy)quinoline (1984)

Abstract Six side chain analogs of the highly active antimalarial agent 8‐(4‐amino‐1‐methylbutylamino)‐6‐methoxy‐4‐methyl‐5‐(3‐trifluoromethylphenoxy)quinoline (I) were prepared and evaluated for blood and tissue schizonticidal activity. Although most examples were markedly superior to primaquine none was superior to the parent compound I.
Composition involving NiO-V sub 2 O sub 2 TiO sub 2 (1991)

This patent describes a method of preparing compositions from NiO, V{sub 2}O{sub 3} and TiO{sub 2} wherein the compositions fall within the shaded area circumscribed by ABCDE. It comprises heating V{sub 2}O{sub 5} powder having a particle size of less than about 50 microns in an atmosphere in which the partial pressure of oxygen is in the range of 10{sup {minus}8} to 10-10 atmospheres while starting at a temperature of 600{degrees} C.; separately heating TiO{sub 2} and NiO powders each having a particle size of less than about 50 microns for a period of about 600{degrees} C. to 800{degrees} C. for TiO{sub 2} and about 700{degrees} C. to 1000{degrees} C. for NiO; thoroughly grinding together about 14 to 98 wt. % of V{sub 2}O{sub 3} with about 0 to 66 wt. % of TiO{sub 2} and about 2 to 60 wt. % of NiO to produce a mixture having a grain size of less than about 50 microns; pelletizing the mixture at a pressure of about 5,000 psi; and heating and reacting together the pellets at a temperature in the range of about 900{degrees} C. to 1600{degrees} C. for a period in the range of about 1/2 to 48 hours.more » This patent also describes compositions produced from NiO, V{sub 2}O{sub 3} and TiO{sub 2}, wherein the compositions are solid solutions and fall within the shaded area circumscribed by ABCDE as shown in the disclosed FIGURE wherein the amounts of NiO, V{sub 2}O{sub 3} and TiO{sub 2} are characterized.« less