gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Chimpanzee SIV Envelope Trimer: Structure and Deployment as an HIV Vaccine Template (2019)

Epitope-targeted HIV vaccine design seeks to focus antibody responses to broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) sites by sequential immunization. A chimpanzee simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) envelope (Env) shares a single bnAb site, the variable loop 2 (V2)-apex, with HIV, suggesting its possible utility in an HIV immunization strategy. Here, we generate a chimpanzee SIV Env trimer, MT145K, which displays selective binding to HIV V2-apex bnAbs and precursor versions, but no binding to other HIV specificities. We determine the structure of the MT145K trimer by cryo-EM and show that its architecture is remarkably similar to HIV Env. Immunization of an HIV V2-apex bnAb precursor Ab-expressing knockin mouse with the chimpanzee MT145K trimer induces HIV V2-specific neutralizing responses. Subsequent boosting with an HIV trimer cocktail induces responses that exhibit some virus cross-neutralization. Overall, the chimpanzee MT145K trimer behaves as expected from design both in vitro and in vivo and is an attractive potential component of a sequential immunization regimen to induce V2-apex bnAbs.
Piano bass string (1979)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Klaus‐Peter Heyne; Piano bass string. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 July 1979; 66 (1): 336. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.382986 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Sentiment Categorization on a Creole Language with Lexicon-Based and Machine Learning Techniques (2014)

We propose polarity detection from colloquial expressions distinctive of a bilingual population. The hybrid language we address it's called "Jopara", composed by Spanish and Guaraní, spoken in Paraguay, similar to the "Louisiana's Creole" in the United States. We categorize polarity in three classes (positive, negative and neutral) and address this problem by applying both lexicon-based and machine-learning approaches. In this document it's shown the application scenario, the building process of the bilingual lexicon and the attributes preprocessing to create the classifiers' input. The input data is retrieved from Twitter so the expressions are similar to natural language. Finally, results are displayed to compare performance of these techniques when applied on this kind of language. It's shown that classical classifiers have very good performances, with correction rates of over 80% even with small training sets, if their parameters are properly adjusted along with an adequate selection of attributes.
Liquid crystals: emerging materials for use in real-time detection applications (2015)

With the rapid advances in liquid crystal (LC) material technology over recent decades, many different practical devices have been developed and commercialized.
Cloning, Overexpression in Escherichia coli, and Characterization of a Thermostable Fungal Acetylxylan Esterase from Talaromyces emersonii (2012)

The gene encoding an acetylxylan esterase (AXE1) from the thermophilic ascomycete Talaromyces emersonii was cloned, expressed in Escherichia coli, and characterized. This form of AXE1, rTeAXE1, exhibits increased thermostability and activity at a higher temperature than other known fungal acetyl esterases, thus having huge potential application in biomass bioconversion to high value chemicals or biofuels.
Synthesis of macrocyclic polythiaethers (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of macrocyclic polythiaethersLeo A. Ochrymowycz, Ching-Pong Mak, and John D. MichnaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 14, 2079–2084Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00928a023https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00928a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views355Altmetric-Citations88LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Regiospecific Ring-Opening of Unsymmetrical Epoxides to the Corresponding Less Substituted Alcohols by Newly-Devised Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley Type Reagents (2012)

A newly-devised Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley (MPV) reagents, such as diisobutylacetoxyalanes and diisobutylmethanesulfonylalanes, achieved a clean conversion of unsymmetrical epoxides to the corresponding less substituted alcohols. This review covers the recent developments for such a regiospecific ring-opening reaction of epoxides.
Quality evaluation of MPEG-4 and H.26L coded video for mobile multimedia communications (2003)

This paper proposes a new approach for computing perceptual distortion for visual signal in order to provide an objective measure for perceptual quality at low bit rate MPEG-4 and H.26L coding in typically mobile multimedia communications. The regions with three major perceptually disturbing artefacts, namely, damaged edge, blockiness and ringing, are detected as the basis of assessment. The correlation of the metric with human perception has been demonstrated with low bit rate (24/spl sim/384 Kbps) CIF and QCIF test data.
Bazı morfolinobenzimidazol türevlerinin antimikrobiyal etkileri üzerine çalışmalar : antimicrobial activity studies on some morpholinobenzimidazole derivatives (2006)

Bu çalışmada, 5-fluoro-2-(sübstitüefenil)-6-morfolino-1H-benzimidazol türevi bir seri bileşiğin Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli ve Candida albicansa karşı antimikrobiyal etkileri incelenmiştir. En aktif bileşik, 5-fluoro-2-(4-fluorofenil)-6-morfolino-1H-benzimidazol (7), C. albicansa karşı 17 mm lik inhibisyon zon çapı ile flukonazole (18 mm) oldukça yakın bir etki göstermiştir
Treatment of intraocular pressure elevation after photorefractive keratectomy (2001)

A combination therapy of timolol 0.5% and dorzolamide 2% was most effective in treating secondary IOP elevation after PRK. Dorzolamide alone did not adequately control secondary post-PRK IOP elevation.
A novel control method of boost and buck-boost converters with a hysteretic PWM controller (2005)

A new control method for boost and buck-boost converters employing a hysteretic PWM controller is presented. The triangular voltage obtained from a simple RC network connected to an auxiliary winding of the inductor is superimposed to the output voltage and fed to a hysteretic comparator as a feedback signal. The presented control method provides no steady-state error voltage on the output and excellent dynamic performances for the variations of the input voltage and the load current.
Fat crystal-stabilised double emulsions (2011)

This work investigates the effect of fat crystal-stabilised interfaces on the transport of solutes between the two aqueous phases in W1/O/W2 emulsions. The aim is to separate solutes (NaCl or KCl) between the two aqueous phases. \n\nFat crystals are used to stabilise the primary emulsion interface. Fat crystals are seeded at the interface during emulsion production using monoglycerides. Subsequently they sinter to form “shells” around the water droplets. It is shown that these “shells” are capable of retaining salt encapsulated within the aqueous phase despite the application of osmotic pressure gradients. \n\nThe W1/O primary emulsions are incorporated into a double structure. It is shown that primary emulsion droplets retain their structure during the secondary emulsification step, although the shear may cause some damage to their protective “shells”. Salt is retained within W1 as long as the primary interface is crystalline.\n\nThe choice of secondary emulsifier is important to double emulsion stability. The double structure is not stable if small molecule surfactants are used to stabilise the secondary interface. Protruding fat crystals from primary emulsion droplets cause coalescence of double globules and lead to phase separation. The double emulsions are stable if proteins or particles are placed at the secondary interface.
Novel polymerizable <i>N</i>‐aromatic maleimides as free radical initiators for photopolymerization (2006)

Abstract Four kinds of polymerizable N ‐aromatic maleimides (MIs)—4‐[(4‐maleimido)phenoxy]benzophenone (MPBP), 4,4′‐bis[(4‐maleimido)phenoxy]benzophenone (BMPBP), 4‐maleimidobenzophenone (MBP), and 4,4′‐bismaleimidobenzophenone (BMBP)—were synthesized as free radical photoinitiators, by introducing directly N ‐phenylmaleimide groups or maleimide groups into the molecule of benzophenone (BP). Compared with BP, their UV‐visible spectra have a significantly red‐shifted maximum absorption. The maximum absorption of MIs containing bifunctional maleimide groups is slightly larger than the corresponding monofunctional ones. Choosing an unsaturated tertiary amine N , N ‐dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) as coinitiator, the photopolymerization of 1,6‐hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), initiated by these four MIs, was studied through photo‐DSC. The results show that all the MIs are dramatically more efficient than BP. Among them, MPBP is the most efficient, in which the polymerization rate is almost three times as high as that of the BP system. Photoinitiators containing bifunctional maleimide groups, though having higher final conversion, are less efficient than the corresponding monofunctional ones. These polymerizable photoredox systems significantly reduced the migration of the active species, leading to their higher efficiency. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
Architecture and Implementation of a Clinical Research Data Warehouse for Prostate Cancer (2018)

A disease-specific clinical research data warehouse combining multiple data sources can facilitate secondary data use and enhance observational research in oncology.
Effect of Sb as a surfactant during the lateral epitaxial overgrowth of GaN by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (2001)

Antimony (Sb), an isoelectronic impurity, has been studied as a surfactant during the lateral epitaxial overgrowth (LEO) of gallium nitride (GaN) by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE). The presence of Sb in the gas phase was found to alter both the LEO growth rates and the predominant facet formations. Vertical facets to the LEO growth appear with the addition of Sb under conditions that normally produce triangular or sloped sidewalls over a range of growth temperatures. While Sb alters the growth facets, only a small amount of Sb was incorporated into the GaN, suggesting that Sb acts as a surfactant during the GaN MOVPE growth. Sb addition produces surface conditions characteristic of a Ga-rich surface stoichiometry indicating both a possible change in the reactivity of NH3 and/or enhanced surface diffusion of Ga adatom species.
Investigating Substrate Scope and Enantioselectivity of a Defluorinase by a Stereochemical Probe (2017)

The possibility of a double Walden inversion mechanism of the fluoracetate dehalogenase FAcD (RPA1163) has been studied by subjecting rac-2-fluoro-2-phenyl acetic acid to the defluorination process. This stereochemical probe led to inversion of configuration in a kinetic resolution with an extremely high selectivity factor (E > 500), showing that the classical mechanism involving S<sub>N</sub>2 reaction by Asp110 pertains. The high preference for the (S)-substrate is of synthetic value. Wide substrate scope of RPA1163 in such hydrolytic kinetic resolutions can be expected because the reaction of the even more sterically demanding rac-2-fluoro-2-benzyl acetic acid proceeded similarly. Substrate acceptance and stereoselectivity were explained by extensive molecular modeling (MM) and molecular dynamics (MD) computations. These computations were also applied to fluoroacetic acid itself, leading to further insights.
Additives-biological activities of tin-containing polymers bonded to noncarbons (1993)

Organotin-containing polymers serve as effective additives to a silicon-based sealant, latex coating and talc exhibiting inhibition to tested bacteria and fungi. These polymers are candidates for uses a paint additives, sealant and caulk additives and within talc as an epidermal treatment.
Controlled Release of Dutasteride from Biodegradable Microspheres: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies (2014)

The aim of the present work was to study the in vitro/in vivo characteristics of dutasteride loaded biodegradable microspheres designed for sustained release of dutasteride over four weeks. An O/W emulsion-solvent evaporation method was used to incorporate dutasteride, which is of interest in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), into poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA). A response surface method (RSM) with central composite design (CCD) was employed to optimize the formulation variables. A prolonged in vitro drug release profile was observed, with a complete release of the entrapped drug within 28 days. The pharmacokinetics study showed sustained plasma drug concentration-time profile of dutasteride loaded microspheres after subcutaneous injection into rats. The in vitro drug release in rats correlated well with the in vivo pharmacokinetics profile. The pharmacodynamics evaluated by determination of the BPH inhibition in the rat models also showed a prolonged pharmacological response. These results suggest the potential use of dutasteride loaded biodegradable microspheres for the management of BPH over long periods.
Immunology at a glance (1979)

This new edition of Immunology at a Glance: • Contains full-colour artwork throughout, making the subject even easier to understand • Presents schematic ...
Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A (2003)

Dr. Delgado is Professor, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, and Director, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX. Dr. Delgado or the departments with which he is affiliated has received research or institutional support from Allergan. Reprint requests: Dr. Delgado, 2222 Welborn Street, Dallas, TX 75219.
Crystallographically oriented superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 by shock compaction of prealigned powder (1990)

Highly textured specimens of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 were obtained by shock compaction of powder at 30–140 kbar and by sintering. The compacts were characterized by x-ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistance, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy data. Preferential orientation with the a-b plane in the plane of the disk-shaped compacts was achieved by tapping platelet-shaped powder with a controlled size distribution, followed by shock compaction or by sintering. The shocked compacts were annealed to induce metallic resistance while maintaining preferential crystallographic orientation. The electrical and magnetic data demonstrate that shock compaction heterogeneously heats and bonds grain boundaries.
Nature Tourism and Enterprise Development in Ecuador (1988)

Nature-based observation and adventure figure prominently in Ecuador’s tourism attractions. From the standpoints of geography and biology, Ecuador is a small but highly diverse nation divided into four distinct zones: the Sierra Highlands, the Amazon Basin, the Pacific Coast Lowlands, and the Galapagos Islands. Across these four zones is found a wide variety of natural ecosystems for both casual and dedicated naturalists. Nature tourism is oriented primarily to visiting a few private holdings plus the publicly-owned national parks and related reserves. However, the major tour operators and airlines have not yet adopted a formal approach to promoting tourism which is specifically nature-oriented. The number of international visitors engaging in na-ture-oriented activities on the mainland falls far short of visitation to the Galapagos Islands. Responsible opinion concurs that development of tourism in the Galapagos must be carefully controlled, but disagreements concern practical interpretation of that ideal. A number of sites in the Galapagos Islands presently exhibit overuse and misuse. Among alternative strategies to relieve this pressure is use of the Galapagos as just one component in natural history expeditions, with the other destinations distributed over the mainland. A number of subjective reasons suggest that nature tourism should be encouraged. Spokespersons contend that it attracts desirable kinds of visitors; directs economic activity to remote communities; is relatively tolerant of primitive infrastructure; and maintains visitors in the country for more days than other forms of tourism. Despite these possible advantages, nature tourism is often constrained by low social carrying capacity. Another constraint is the present low level of tourism marketing and promotion. On the supply side, constraints include lack of nature-related information about the country, limited infrastructure and facilities, and de-ficiencies in guide services.
Is the Meta-Learning Idea Able to Improve the Generalization of Deep Neural Networks on the Standard Supervised Learning? (2020)

Substantial efforts have been made on improving the generalization abilities of deep neural networks (DNNs) in order to obtain better performances without introducing more parameters. On the other hand, meta-learning approaches exhibit powerful generalization on new tasks in few-shot learning. Intuitively, few-shot learning is more challenging than the standard supervised learning as each target class only has a very few or no training samples. The natural question that arises is whether the meta-learning idea can be used for improving the generalization of DNNs on the standard supervised learning. In this paper, we propose a novel meta-learning based training procedure (MLTP) for DNNs and demonstrate that the meta-learning idea can indeed improve the generalization abilities of DNNs. MLTP simulates the meta-training process by considering a batch of training samples as a task. The key idea is that the gradient descent step for improving the current task performance should also improve a new task performance, which is ignored by the current standard procedure for training neural networks. MLTP also benefits from all the existing training techniques such as dropout, weight decay, and batch normalization. We evaluate MLTP by training a variety of small and large neural networks on three benchmark datasets, i.e., CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and Tiny ImageNet. The experimental results show a consistently improved generalization performance on all the DNNs with different sizes, which verifies the promise of MLTP and demonstrates that the meta-learning idea is indeed able to improve the generalization of DNNs on the standard supervised learning.
Organic coating of 1–2-nm-size silicon nanoparticles: Effect on particle properties (2015)

Photoluminescent silicon nanoparticles 1–2 nm in size were synthesized by a wet chemical procedure and derivatized with propylamine (NH2SiNP). Surface NH2 groups were used as linkers for additional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and folic acid (Fo) attachment (PEG-NHSiNP and Fo-NHSiNP, respectively) to enable efficient targeting of the particles to tumors and inflammatory sites. The particles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ζ potential, dynamic light scattering, and time-resolved anisotropy. The photophysical properties and photosensitizing capacity of the particles and their interaction with proteins was dependent on the nature of the attached molecules. While PEG attachment did not alter the photophysical behavior of NH2SiNP, the attachment of Fo diminished particle photoluminescence. Particles retained the capacity for 1O2 generation; however, efficient 1O2 quenching by the attached surface groups may be a drawback when using these particles as 1O2 photosensitizers. In addition, Fo attachment provided particles with the capacity to generate the superoxide anion radical (O 2 − ). The particles were able to bind tryptophan residues of bovine serum albumin (BSA) within quenching distances. NH2SiNP and PEG–NHSiNP ground state complexes with BSA showed binding constants of (3.1 ± 0.3) × 104 and (1.3 ± 0.4) × 103 M−1, respectively. The lower value observed for PEG-NHSiNP complexes indicates that surface PEGylation leads to a reduction in protein adsorption, which is required to prevent opsonization. An increase in particle luminescence upon BSA binding was attributed to the hydrophobic environment generated by the protein. NH2SiNP-BSA complexes were also capable of resonance energy transfer.
2D/3D WEB TRANSITIONS - Methods and Techniques (2009)

While numerous web applications exploit either 2D or 3D technology, the work presented here suggests that it is feasible to integrate 2D and 3D environments. Besides presenting methods and techniques for realizing 2D and 3D web environments, novel ways of putting corresponding technologies to work are suggested. The prospective user benefits and inherent limitations of realized models are presented in our work. Then the issues that arise when switching between 2D and 3D environments are explored. The background and justification for the three methods and corresponding techniques
presented here illustrate how to enable and facilitate a fluent and effective transition between 2D and 3D web environments. While some of the methods and techniques presented are still at a conceptual stage, two techniques have
been realized and the findings are presented in detail. A video presentation of realized techniques is offered. Usability of the methods and techniques realized is discussed.
When to Trust Your Model: Model-Based Policy Optimization (2019)

Designing effective model-based reinforcement learning algorithms is difficult because the ease of data generation must be weighed against the bias of model-generated data. In this paper, we study the role of model usage in policy optimization both theoretically and empirically. We first formulate and analyze a model-based reinforcement learning algorithm with a guarantee of monotonic improvement at each step. In practice, this analysis is overly pessimistic and suggests that real off-policy data is always preferable to model-generated on-policy data, but we show that an empirical estimate of model generalization can be incorporated into such analysis to justify model usage. Motivated by this analysis, we then demonstrate that a simple procedure of using short model-generated rollouts branched from real data has the benefits of more complicated model-based algorithms without the usual pitfalls. In particular, this approach surpasses the sample efficiency of prior model-based methods, matches the asymptotic performance of the best model-free algorithms, and scales to horizons that cause other model-based methods to fail entirely.