gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IL-21 maintains CD62L expression during NKT-cell <i>ex vivo</i> expansion and enhances antitumor activity of NKT cell therapy <i>in vivo</i> (2017)

Abstract Vα24-invariant Natural Killer T cells (NKTs) have potent antitumor properties and are being developed for cellular immunotherapy of cancer. Such therapy requires extensive ex vivo expansion of NKTs while preserving their longevity and function. In a recent report from our group, CD62L+ subset of NKTs has been shown to have longer persistence in vivo and stronger antitumor activity than CD62L− counterpart. However, the requirements for the preservation of CD62L+ NKTs during ex vivo expansion remain largely unknown. The gene expression analysis comparing CD62L+ and CD62L− NKTs revealed a significantly higher expression level of IL-21R mRNA in the former. FACS analysis confirmed the finding at the cell surface protein level. These led us to hypothesize that IL-21 preferentially supports CD62L+ NKTs. To test this hypothesis, we expanded primary human peripheral blood NKTs using in vitro stimulation with their cognate antigen, α-galactosylceramide. The culture was supplemented with IL-2, IL-21, or both cytokines. We found that in contrast to IL-2, IL-21 alone failed to support NKT-cell expansion. A combination of IL-2 and IL-21 led to similar absolute numbers of NKTs compared with IL-2 alone. However, the proportion of CD62L+ NKT-cell subset was significantly higher in the culture with IL-2/IL-21 combination compared with IL-2 alone after both primary and secondary expansions. Furthermore, after transfer to NSG mice, IL2/IL-21-expanded NKTs persisted significantly longer and had higher therapeutic efficacy in a lymphoma model compared with IL-2-expanded NKTs. Our results suggest that inclusion of IL-21 in the NKT-cell expansion protocol, which currently uses IL-2 alone, would increase antitumor potential of NKT cell therapy.
Cognitive UWB-OFDM: Combining Ultrawideband with Opportunistic Spectrum Usage (2006)

In a continuously expanding wireless world, the number of radio systems increases every day, and efficient spectrum usage becomes a more significant requirement. Ultrawideband (UWB) and cognitive radio are two recent and exciting technologies that offer a new approach to the spectrum usage. The main objective of this paper is to combine these two technologies. The strength of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based UWB in co-existing with licensed systems is investigated. The opportunity concept is defined, and the requirements of the opportunistic spectrum usage are explained. It is proposed to take the UWB-OFDM from the current underlay implementation, and evolve it to a combined underlay and opportunistic spectrum usage technology, leading to cognitive UWB-OFDM. This way, we aim at making UWB more competitive in the wireless market with extended range, higher capacity, better performance, and a wide variety of applications.
Prognostic gene expression signature associated with two molecularly distinct subtypes of colorectal cancer (2011)

The gene signature is an independent predictor of response to chemotherapy and clinical outcome in patients with colorectal cancer.
Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease (2000)

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is poised to become the scourge of the next century, bringing with it enormous social and personal costs. Depending on the methods of assessment used, estimates of the prevalence of dementia due to AD in Americans 65 and older range from 6% to 10% (1–3). The prevalence of the disease doubles every 5 years after the age of 60 (4–6). For the population 85 and older, estimates of the prevalence have been as high as 30–47% (1–3). As many as 4 million Americans may suffer from a clinical dementia of the Alzheimer’s type, with an annual cost of approximately $100 billion (7). Based on current rates, and in the absence of effective prevention, it is estimated that in 50 years, there will be as many as 14 million cases of clinically diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease in the United States alone. While AD is a major public health problem, it also has a very private face that causes tremendous suffering to families. For the elderly, it one of the most dreaded afflictions that threatens to rob them of their independence and dignity at the end of life.
Inverse Chemical Vapor Deposition:  A Novel Single Stage Synthesis of Highly Reflective and Conductive Silvered Polymeric Films (1999)

Highly reflective and surface conductive flexible polyimide films have been prepared by the incorporation of silver(I) acetate and 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,4-pentanedione into a dimethylacetamide solution of the poly(amic acid) formed from 3,3‘,4,4‘-benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and 4,4‘-oxydianiline. Thermal curing of the silver(I)-containing poly(amic acid) leads to cycloimidization of the polyimide precursor with concomitant silver(I) reduction, yielding a reflective and conductive silver surface approaching that of the native metal. The metalized films retain the essential mechanical and thermal properties of the parent film. Films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, tapping mode atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and conductivity, reflectivity, thermal, and mechanical measurements.
Time division multiplexed orbital angular momentum access system (2016)

We propose and experimentally demonstrate time division multiplexed orbital angular momentum (OAM) access system to increase transmission capacity and spectral efficiency. In this system, data carried on different time tributaries share the same OAM mode. Multiple time division multiplexed OAM modes are multiplexed to realize two-dimensional (time dimension and OAM dimension) multiplexing. Therefore, the capacity and spectral efficiency of the access system will increase. The orthogonality between optical time division multiplexing (OTDM) and OAM techniques is also verified in our experiment. In a proof-of-concept experiment, 2×5-Gbps return-to-zero signal over OAM mode +4 is transmitted and investigated. The bit error ratio performance after transmission in this system can be smaller than 1×10−9. Results show that the proposed time division multiplexed OAM access system is suitable for future broadband access network.
Photonic beamformer for phased array antennas using a fiber grating prism (1997)

This letter presents, for the first time, measured data on a Bragg reflection grating based fiber-optic prism true time delay processor for transmit/receive phased array beamforming. Measurements taken over a 3.5-GHz bandwidth demonstrates high resolution beamsteering and highly linear low-noise phase data. The system takes maximum advantage of component reuse and fully integrates the transmit and receive modes in one efficient hardware compressive topology.
Self-Tuning Digital Current Estimator for Low-Power Switching Converters (2008)

An inductor current estimator suitable for low-power digitally controlled switch-mode power supplies (SMPS) is introduced. The estimation of the average current value over one switching cycle is based on the analog-to-digital conversion of the inductor voltage and consequent adaptive signal filtering. The adaptive filter is used to compensate for variations of the inductance and series equivalent resistance affecting accuracy of the estimation. Based on the response to an intentionally introduced and known current step, the filter tunes its own parameters such that a fast and accurate estimation is obtained. A practical realization of the estimator resulting in a modest increase in digital controller complexity is shown. Besides a simple digital IIR filter and a load step circuit, it only requires a slow analog-to-digital converter for the input voltage measurement. The estimator is tested on a 6.5 V to 1.5 V, 15 W, digitally-controlled buck converter prototype. The results show that between 20 % and 100 % of the maximum output load the estimator has accuracy better than 10 % and one switching cycle response time.
Energy Control of Incident Ions to the Chamber-Wall by Using Push–Pull Bias (Phase-Controlled Bias) in UHF-ECR Etching System (2004)

The effect of Push–Pull bias (phase-controlled bias) on the plasma potential and sputtering at the chamber-wall was investigated. It was found that the plasma potential could be controlled unrelated to the geometrical configuration of the chamber by using phase-controlled bias. The reason is that by using phase-controlled bias in the plasma with a magnetic field, the earth function of both electrodes facing each other can be controlled. Specifically, with the phase difference set to 180 degrees, the plasma potential was minimized and the decreased energy of incident ions to the chamber-wall reduced sputtering at the chamber-wall. Therefore, a stable process performance without particles caused by a sputtering at the chamber-wall, was expected by using Push-Pull bias in the dielectric UHF-ECR etching system.
The Individuality of Relatively Permanent Pigmented or Vascular Skin Marks (RPPVSM) in Independently and Uniformly Distributed Patterns (2013)

With recent advances in multimedia technology, the involvement of digital images/videos in crimes has been increasing significantly. Identification of individuals in these images/videos can be challenging. For example, in cases of child sexual abuse, child pornography, and masked gunmen, the faces of criminals or victims are often hidden or covered and only some body parts (e.g., back, thigh, and arm) can be observed from the digital evidence. Although tattoos and scars can be used for identification in some cases, they are neither universal nor unique. We propose a group of skin marks named Relatively Permanent Pigmented or Vascular Skin Marks (RPPVSM) as a biometric trait for forensic identification. To support the scientific underpinnings of using RPPVSM patterns as a novel biometric trait, the individuality was studied. RPPVSM on the backs of 269 male subjects were examined. We found that RPPVSM in middle to low density patterns tend to form an independent and uniform distribution, while RPPVSM in high density patterns tend to form clusters. We present in this paper an individuality model for the independently and uniformly distributed RPPVSM patterns. When compared to the empirical results, this model fits the empirical distribution very well. Finally, the predicted error rates for verification and identification are reported.
Studies of the Synthesis of SSZ-25 Zeolite in a “Mixed-Template” System (2001)

The synthesis of aluminosilicate zeolite, SSZ-25, is described using a two-component organic guest molecule strategy. This method has been recently described by us and is quite effective in crystallizing a variety of aluminosilicate zeolites with reduction in template cost. In this instance the original organic guest component used in the discovery of SSZ-25, N',N',N'-trimethyl-2-adamantammonium cation, is used in conjunction with a variety of smaller amines. The amine is the major organic component in the synthesis and the quaternary ammonium compound, while a minor component, is essential for structure direction to the desired zeolite product. Studies here show that the adamantyl component is preferentially taken up during crystal growth. Our studies showed that the use of the multi-organic component approach to synthesis resulted in a faster and cheaper route to crystallizing SSZ-25. The SSZ-25 has been described in the literature as having the MWW topology and as such has two different channel systems accessed by 10-ring openings; the channel systems do not intersect. One set of 10-rings open into large cavities. In this study we used NMR spectroscopy to examine the as-made materials and to see if the two organic components are used in different capacities in the synthesis, probing if the admantyl component is only found in these larger cavities. The crystalline products could be affected by solvent extraction with polar solvents like dimethylformamide: the X-ray powder patterns and elemental analyses changed with solvent treatment. The solvent-treated crystals were studied by NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and argon adsorption. The two-component organic guest approach was also found to be quite flexible not only with regard to the amine, but also towards the quaternary ammonium compounds. Non-adamantyl polycyclic templates could be used, and polar but non-quaternized adamantyl derivatives also succeeded in directing towards SSZ-25 formation. On the other hand. in one instance it was shown that the two-component approach favors SSZ-25 as the kinetic product but at longer run times Ostwald ripening was observed, leading to the disappearance of SSZ-25 and formation of ferrierite zeolite and quartz.
Randomized Crossover Comparison of Personalized MPC and PID Control Algorithms for the Artificial Pancreas (2016)

This first comprehensive study to compare MPC and PID control for the AP indicates that MPC performed particularly well, achieving nearly 75% time in the target range, including the unannounced meal. Although both forms of CLC provided safe and effective glucose management, MPC performed as well or better than PID in all metrics.
An elastomeric self-healing material (2006)

Poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) is widely used in a variety of industrial and commercial applications, including seals, bladders, and biological applications. While most PDMS elastomers posses some ability to self-heal through surface cohesion, the mechanism is generally insufficient to produce significant recovery of initial material strength. Here we report the development of a self-healing PDMS elastomer based on the embedding of two microcapsule types, a resin capsule and an initiator capsule. The healing efficiency of this material was investigated using a trouser tear test. These tests have shown that the material can recover, on average, 76% of the virgin tear strength and in limited cases can exhibit 100% strength recovery.
H<sub>2</sub>N(CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>NH<sub>2</sub>[(VO)<sub>4</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>4</sub>(HPO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]:  An Organically Templated Vanadium Phosphate with One Dimensional {VOVO} Chains (1996)

The new vanadium phosphate H2N(CH2CH2)2NH2[(VO)4(H2O)4(HPO4)2(PO4)2], (1), was prepared from the reaction of VCl4:H3PO4:1,4-diaminopiperazine hydrochloride:tetra-n-buytlammonium hydroxide:H2O in a mole ratio of 1:8.9:4.4:5.2:2268 in a sealed glass tube for 3 h at 200 °C. Phosphate 1 crystallizes in the acentric monoclinic space group Im with a = 7.025(1), b = 9.470(2), and c = 16.570(3)Å, β = 96.03(3)°, V = 1096.3 (6) Å3, Z = 2, and R (Rw) = 0.0517 (0.0595) and possesses a three dimensional (3-D) covalently bonded structure comprised of a vanadium phosphate net with occluded organic cations occupying tunnels within the oxide framework. The structure can be qualitatively described as a severely defected VOPO4 structure type, with phosphate 1 displaying several different VO6 environments that can be envisioned as related to the infinite {OV···O}n strings present in VOPO4: (a) infinite 1-D chains of VO6 octahedra sharing opposite vertices with the remaining four vertices connected to {PO4} tetrahedra just as in VOPO4; (b) 1-D chains as in point a but with every other octahedron missing with the distorted octahedral coordination requirements satisfied by the addition of an aquo ligand trans to the VO group; (c) 1-D chains as in point a but with every other one missing and each V atom coordinated to three aquo ligands; (d) a region that would be occupied by a 1-D chain in VOPO4 but is totally missing and is occupied by the organic dication. As a result, some of the {PO4} tetrahedra are either absent or possess P−OH groups to compensate for the missing V atoms.
Emerging Picture of the Receptor with High Affinity for IgE (1989)

The cDNAs for two of the subunits of the receptor with high affinity for IgE have been isolated and sequenced. That for the IgE-binding alpha subunit predicts a polypeptide with a single transmembrane segment. The predicted extracellular amino terminal portion, comprised of 180 residues, is homologous to the corresponding region of Fc gamma receptors and contains two truncated immunoglobulin-like domains. The cDNA for beta predicts a peptide with four transmembrane segments, but its sequence is unrelated to known proteins. Experiments to isolate the cDNA for the gamma subunit have begun; when completed, cotransfection of the three genes will be attempted to get expression, a process that has not so far been successful for the individual subunits. Such expression will permit further analysis of the receptor's function and ultimately may provide information on how best to intervene clinically in the activation of mast cells and basophils.
Identification with Encrypted Biometric Data (2009)

Biometrics make human identification possible with a sample of a biometric trait and an associated database. Classical identification techniques lead to privacy concerns. This paper introduces a new method to identify someone using his biometrics in an encrypted way. Our construction combines Bloom Filters with Storage and Locality-Sensitive Hashing. We apply this error-tolerant scheme, in a Hamming space, to achieve biometric identification in an efficient way. This is the first non-trivial identification scheme dealing with fuzziness and encrypted data.
DEFINED: deterministic execution for interactive control-plane debugging (2013)

Large-scale networks are among the most complex software infrastructures in existence. Unfortunately, the extreme complexity of their basis, the control-plane software, leads to a rich variety of nondeterministic failure modes and anomalies. Research on debugging modern control-plane software has focused on designing comprehensive record and replay systems, but the large volumes of recordings often hinder the scalability of these designs. Here, we argue for a different approach. Namely, we take the position that deterministic network execution would vastly simplify the control-plane debugging process. This paper presents the design and implementation of DEFINED, a user-space substrate for interactive debugging that provides deterministic execution of networks in highly distributed and dynamic environments. We demonstrate our system’s advantages by reproducing discovery of known ordering and timing bugs in popular software routing platforms, XORP and Quagga. Using Rocketfuel topologies and routing data from a Tier-1 backbone, we show DEFINED is practical and scalable for interactive fault diagnosis in large networks. 1
Use of bacterial magnetosomes in the magnetic hyperthermia treatment of tumours: A review (2013)

We review the most recent and significant results published in the field of magnetotactic bacteria (MTB), in particular data relating to the use of bacterial magnetosomes in magnetic hyperthermia for the treatment of tumours. We review different methods for cultivating MTB and preparing suspensions of bacterial magnetosomes. As well as the production of magnetosomes, we also review key data on the toxicity of the magnetosomes as well as their heating and anti-tumour efficiencies. The toxicity and efficiency of magnetosomes needs to be understood and the risk-benefit ratio with which to evaluate their use in the magnetic hyperthermia treatment of tumours needs to be measured.
Abstract 3253: A novel small-molecule inhibitor of Stat3 induces antitumor cell effects in human glioma and breast cancer cells. (2013)

Abstract Constitutive activation of Stat3, a member of signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) family of proteins, occurs with a high frequency in human tumors and contributes to carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Compelling evidence shows aberrant activation of Stat3 constitutes a point of convergence in oncogenic tyrosine kinase signaling, functioning as a master regulator of events crucial for tumorigenesis and malignant progression. We present a series of novel small-molecules that abrogate constitutive activation of Stat3 in human tumors, including glioma and breast cancer. The small-molecule, SH5-07, inhibits in vitro Stat3 DNA-binding activity, with IC50 value of 3.9 μM. Further, treatment with SH5-07 induces dose-dependent inhibition of constitutively-active Stat3 in human glioma U251MG and U373MG and breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, treatment with low micromolar SH5-07 of U251MG, U373MG, and MDA-MB-231 cells blocks constitutive Stat3 phosphorylation, DNA-binding, and transcriptional activities by as early as 30 minutes. Furthermore, the inhibition of aberrantly-active Stat3 by SH5-07 blocks the anchorage-dependent and independent growth, survival, migration, and invasion in vitro of human glioma and breast cancer cells. Data together indicates SH5-07 is a promising small-molecule Stat3 inhibitor and a suitable drug candidate for clinical development. Citation Format: Peibin Yue, Sina Haftchenary, Patrick T. Gunning, James Turkson. A novel small-molecule inhibitor of Stat3 induces antitumor cell effects in human glioma and breast cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3253. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3253
Novel neutron focusing mirrors for compact neutron sources (2012)

We demonstrated neutron beam focusing and neutron imaging using axisymmetric optics, based on pairs of confocal ellipsoid and hyperboloid mirrors. Such systems, known as Wolter mirrors, are commonly used in x-ray telescopes. A system containing four nested Ni mirror pairs was implemented and tested by focusing a polychromatic neutron beam at the MIT Reactor and conducting an imaging experiment at HFIR. The major advantage of the Wolter mirrors is the possibility of nesting for large angular collection. Using nesting, the relatively short optics can be made comparable to focusing guides in flux collection capabilities. We discuss how such optics can be used as polychromatic lenses to improve the performance of small-angle-scattering, imaging, and other instruments at compact neutron sources. © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of UCANS
A quantitative, non-interferometric X-ray phase contrast imaging technique (2013)

We present a quantitative, non-interferometric, X-ray differential phase contrast imaging technique based on the edge illumination principle. We derive a novel phase retrieval algorithm which requires only two images to be acquired and verify the technique experimentally using synchrotron radiation. The technique is useful for planar imaging but is expected to be important for quantitative phase tomography also. The properties and limitations of the technique are studied in detail.
SPARK Job Performance Analysis and Prediction Tool (2018)

Spark is one of most widely deployed in-memory big data technology for parallel data processing across cluster of machines. The availability of these big data platforms on commodity machines has raised the challenge of assuring performance of applications with increase in data size. We have build a tool to assist application developer and tester to estimate an application execution time for larger data size before deployment. Conversely, the tool may also be used to estimate the competent cluster size for desired application performance in production environment. The tool can be used for detailed profiling of Spark job, post execution, to understand performance bottleneck. This tool incorporates different configurations of Spark cluster to estimate application performance. Therefore, it can also be used with optimization techniques to get tuned value of Spark parameters for an optimal performance. The tool's key innovations are support for different configurations of Spark platform for performance prediction and simulator to estimate Spark stage execution time which includes task execution variability due to HDFS, data skew and cluster nodes heterogeneity. The tool using model [3] has been shown to predict within 20% error bound for Wordcount, Terasort,Kmeans and few SQL workloads.