gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Scheduling Commercial Videotapes in Broadcast Television (2004)

This paper, motivated by the experiences of a major U.S.-based broadcast television network, presents algorithms and heuristics to schedule commercial videotapes. Major advertisers purchase several slots to air commercials during a given time period on a broadcast network. We study the problem of scheduling advertiser's commercials in the slots it purchased when the same commercial is to be aired multiple times. Under such a situation, the advertisers typically want the airings of a commercial to be as evenly spaced as possible. Thus, our objective is to schedule a set of commercials in a set of available slots such that multiple airings of the same commercial are as evenly spaced as possible. A natural formulation of this problem is a mixed-integer program that can be solved using third-party solvers. We also develop a branch-and-bound algorithm based on a problem-specific bounding scheme. Both approaches fail to solve larger problem instances within a reasonable time frame. We present an alternative mixed-integer program that lends itself to an efficient solution. For solving even larger problems, we present multiple heuristics.
Significant antitumour effect of an antibody against TMEM180, a new cancer-specific molecule (2018)

Abstract The present state of therapy for colorectal cancer (CRC) is far from satisfactory, highlighting the need for new targets for this disease. We identified a new colorectal cancer (CRC)-specific molecule, TMEM180, a predicted eleven-pass transmembrane protein that apparently functions as a cation symporter. Our anti-TMEM180 monoclonal antibody (mAb) eradicated SW480 CRC xenografts in mice. The TMEM180 promoter region contains ten hypoxia-responsive element consensus sequences; accordingly SW480 cells upregulated TMEM180 under low-oxygen conditions. TMEM180 expression in SW480 cells was positively correlated with anchorage-independent colony formation and tumourigenesis. TMEM180-positive SW480 cells resided at the tumour–stroma interface manifested by αSMA-positive fibroblasts, also known as the tumour niche. Some clusters of TMEM180-positive cells adjacent to the niche were integrin α6-positive. These data indicate that TMEM180 represents a possible cancer stem cell marker and that a mAb against this protein could be used as antibody-based therapeutic against CRC.
Transducer forming compression and shear waves for use in acoustic well logging (1988)

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Inhibitory Effects of 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-<i>O</i>-Galloyl-β-<scp>d</scp>-Glucopyranose on Biofilm Formation by<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (2010)

1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranose (PGG) is an active ingredient in plants that are commonly used in Chinese medicine to treat inflammation. We demonstrate here that PGG, at 6.25 μM, does not inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, and yet it prevents biofilm formation on polystyrene and polycarbonate surfaces. At the same concentration, PGG is not toxic to human epithelial and fibroblast cells. PGG has an IB₅₀ value, i.e., the PGG concentration that inhibits 50% biofilm formation, of 3.6 μM. The value is substantially lower than that of N-acetylcysteine, iodoacetamide, and N-phenyl maleimide, which are known to inhibit biofilm formation by S. aureus. Biochemical and scanning electron microscopy results also reveal that PGG inhibits initial attachment of the bacteria to solid surface and the synthesis of polysaccharide intercellular adhesin, explaining how PGG inhibits biofilm formation. The results of this study demonstrate that coating PGG on polystyrene and silicon rubber surfaces with polyaniline prevents biofilm formation, indicating that PGG is highly promising for clinical use in preventing biofilm formation by S. aureus.
Cascaded long term prediction for coding polyphonic audio signals (2011)

The long term prediction (LTP) tool is used in audio compression systems to exploit periodicity in signals. This tool capitalizes on the periodic component of the waveform by selecting a past segment as the basis for prediction of the current frame. However, most audio signals are polyphonic in nature, consisting of a mixture of periodic signals. This renders the LTP suboptimal, as the mixture's period equals the least common multiple of its individual component periods, which typically extends far beyond the duration over which the signal is stationary. Instead of seeking a past segment that represents a “compromise” for incompatible component periods, we propose a more complex filter that caters to the individual signal components. This proposed technique predicts every periodic component of the signal from its immediate history, and this is achieved by cascading LTP filters, each corresponding to individual periodic component. We also propose a recursive “divide and conquer” technique to estimate the parameters of all the LTP filters. For a real world evaluation, we employ this technique within the Bluetooth Sub-band Codec. Considerable gains achieved on a variety of polyphonic signals demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposal.
Crystal diffraction lens for medical imaging (2000)

A crystal diffraction lens for focusing energetic gamma rays has been developed at Argonne National Laboratory for use in medical imaging of radioactivity in the human body. A common method for locating possible cancerous growths in the body is to inject radioactivity into the blood stream of the patient and then look for any concentration of radioactivity that could be associated with the fast growing cancer cells. Often there are borderline indications of possible cancers that could be due to statistical functions in the measured counting rates. In order to determine if these indications are false or real, one must resort to surgical means and take tissue samples in the suspect area. We are developing a system of crystal diffraction lenses that will be incorporated into a 3- D imaging system with better sensitivity (factors of 10 to 20) and better spatial resolution (a few mm in both vertical and horizontal directions) than most systems presently in use. The use of this new imaging system will allow one to eliminate 90 percent of the false indications and both locate and determine the size of the cancer with mm precision. The lens consists of 900 single crystals of copper, 4 mm X 4 mm on a side and 2 - 4 mm thick, mounted in 13 concentric rings.
A dielectrophoretic chaotic mixer (2003)

The time needed for achieving mixing in a micro biochemical system takes the major portion of the whole processing time. The characteristic length scale is so small that the flows are laminar, leaving mixing dependent solely on diffusion. We present a dielectrophoretic mixer which induces chaotic trajectories of embedded particles via a combination in space and time of electrical actuation and local channel geometry variation. Mixing time is therefore dramatically reduced. The design is kept very simple and fabrication is done using standard microfabrication techniques. Experimental observations and numerical simulations show the conditions in which chaotic trajectories can be achieved.
Organic liquid-crystal devices based on ionic conductors (2017)

We use hydrogels to drive liquid crystals, achieving stretchable electrooptics. The device performance was maintained under a biaxial stretch of 1.5.
A Short and Efficient Synthesis of the [3]Triangulene Ring System (2019)

Abstract Triangulenes are of current interest for potential applications in molecular electronics. We describe here a three step synthesis of the 4,8,12‐trihydro[3]triangulenium cation by cascade cyclization of a tetra‐benzyl alcohol precursor in triflic acid solution. This stable carbocation is easily observed by NMR and optical spectroscopy and is highly fluorescent. Quenching of the cation into basic solutions or by hydride transfer from triethylsilane provides access to stable dihydro and tetrahydro[3]triangulenes. These neutral species interconvert with cations in a complex series of proton and hydride transfers. This route provides several important [3]triangulene precursors. Preliminary experiments designed to generate [3]triangulene in the solution phase provide evidence for its formation and rapid oligomerization.
IPFIX Information Element extension for SFC (2016)

Service Function Chaining (SFC) is an architecture that enables any
operator to apply selective set of services by steering the traffic
through an ordered set of service functions without any topology
dependency. This document defines the required Information Elements to
represent the details about service flows over any Service Function
Path.
Novel Apo E-Derived ABCA1 Agonist Peptide (CS-6253) Promotes Reverse Cholesterol Transport and Induces Formation of preβ-1 HDL In Vitro (2015)

Apolipoprotein (apo) mimetic peptides replicate some aspects of HDL function. We have previously reported the effects of compound ATI-5261 on its ability to replicate many functions of native apo A-I in the process of HDL biogenesis. ATI-5261 induced muscle toxicity in wild type C57Bl/6 mice, increased CPK, ALT and AST and increase in triglyceride (Tg) levels. Aromatic phenylalanine residues on the non-polar face of ATI-5261, together with positively charged arginine residues at the lipid-water interface were responsible for these effects. This information was used to create a novel analog (CS-6253) that was non-toxic. We evaluated this peptide designed from the carboxyl terminus of apo E, in its ability to mimic apo A-I functionality. Our data shows that the lipidated particles generated by incubating cells overexpressing ABCA1 with lipid free CS-6253 enhances the rate of ABCA1 lipid efflux with high affinity interactions with native ABCA1 oligomeric forms and plasma membrane micro-domains. Interaction between ABCA1 and lipid free CS-6253 resulted in formation of nascent HDL-CS-6253 particles that are actively remodeled in plasma. Mature HDL-CS-6253 particles deliver cholesterol to liver cells via SR-BI in-vitro. CS-6253 significantly increases cholesterol efflux in murine macrophages and in human THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells expressing ABCA1. Addition of CS-6253 to plasma dose-dependently displaced apo A-I from α-HDL particles and led to de novo formation of preβ-1 HDL that stimulates ABCA1 dependent cholesterol efflux efficiently. When incubated with human plasma CS-6253 was also found to bind with HDL and LDL and promoted the transfer of cholesterol from HDL to LDL predominantly. Our data shows that CS-6253 mimics apo A-I in its ability to promote ABCA1-mediated formation of nascent HDL particles, and enhances formation of preβ-1 HDL with increase in the cycling of apo A-I between the preβ and α-HDL particles in-vitro. These mechanisms are potentially anti-atherogenic.
Catalytic Asymmetric Aminohydroxylation with Amino-Substituted Heterocycles as Nitrogen Sources (1999)

The suprafacial, vicinal addition of a heterocyclic moiety and a hydroxyl group is achieved by the osmium-catalyzed asymmetric aminohydroxylation (AA) of olefins with amino-substituted heterocycles as the nitrogen sources. Amino alcohols are obtained in up to 97 % yield and with up to 99 % ee when a ligand derived from dihydroquinidine (DHQD-L) is used [Eq. (1); R(i) indicates the remaining portion of the heterocycle (Het); H2 O is the O source]. The AA can now be considered as a means to directly introduce complex, biologically relevant substructures to hydrocarbon backbones.
Log-based predictive maintenance (2014)

Success of manufacturing companies largely depends on reliability of their products. Scheduled maintenance is widely used to ensure that equipment is operating correctly so as to avoid unexpected breakdowns. Such maintenance is often carried out separately for every component, based on its usage or simply on some fixed schedule. However, scheduled maintenance is labor-intensive and ineffective in identifying problems that develop between technician's visits. Unforeseen failures still frequently occur. In contrast, predictive maintenance techniques help determine the condition of in-service equipment in order to predict when and what repairs should be performed. The main goal of predictive maintenance is to enable pro-active scheduling of corrective work, and thus prevent unexpected equipment failures.
Fusing N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes with Carborane Anions (2014)

Here we describe the fusion of two families of unusual carbon-containing molecules that readily disregard the tendency of carbon to form four chemical bonds, namely N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) and carborane anions. Deprotonation of an anionic imidazolium salt with lithium diisopropylamide at room temperature leads to a mixture of lithium complexes of C-2 and C-5 dianionic NHC constitutional isomers as well as a trianionic (C-2, C-5) adduct. Judicious choice of the base and reaction conditions allows the selective formation of all three stable polyanionic carbenes. In solution, the so-called abnormal C-5 NHC lithium complex slowly isomerizes to the normal C-2 NHC, and the process can be proton-catalyzed by the addition of the anionic imidazolium salt. These results indicate that the combination of two unusual forms of carbon atoms can lead to unexpected chemical behavior, and that this strategy paves the way for the development of a broad new generation of NHC ligands for catalysis.
Flexible memristor based neuromorphic system for implementing multi-layer neural network algorithms (2017)

This paper describes a memristor-based neuromorphic system that can be used for ex situ training of various multi-layer neural network algorithms. This system is based on an analogue neuron circuit that is capable of performing an accurate dot product calculation. The presented ex situ programming technique can be used to map many key neural algorithms directly onto the grid of resistances in a memristor crossbar. Using this weight-to-crossbar mapping approach along with the memristor based circuit architecture, complex neural algorithms can be easily implemented using this system. Some existing memristor based circuits provide an approximated dot product based on conductance summation, but neuron outputs are not directly correlated to the numerical values obtained in a traditional software approach. To show the effectiveness and versatility of this circuit, two different powerful neural networks were simulated. These include a Restricted Boltzmann Machine for character recognition and a Multilayer Perceptron trained to perform Sobel edge detection. Following these simulations, an analysis was presented that shows how both memristor accuracy and neuron circuit gain relates to output error.
Development of a 3D ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy system (2007)

Biopsy of the prostate using ultrasound guidance is the clinical gold standard for diagnosis of prostate adenocarinoma. However, because early stage tumors are rarely visible under US, the procedure carries high false-negative rates and often patients require multiple biopsies before cancer is detected. To improve cancer detection, it is imperative that throughout the biopsy procedure, physicians know where they are within the prostate and where they have sampled during prior biopsies. The current biopsy procedure is limited to using only 2D ultrasound images to find and record target biopsy core sample sites. This information leaves ambiguity as the physician tries to interpret the 2D information and apply it to their 3D workspace. We have developed a 3D ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy system that provides 3D intra-biopsy information to physicians for needle guidance and biopsy location recording. The system is designed to conform to the workflow of the current prostate biopsy procedure, making it easier for clinical integration. In this paper, we describe the system design and validate its accuracy by performing an in vitro biopsy procedure on US/CT multi-modal patient-specific prostate phantoms. A clinical sextant biopsy was performed by a urologist on the phantoms and the 3D models of the prostates were generated with volume errors less than 4% and mean boundary errors of less than 1 mm. Using the 3D biopsy system, needles were guided to within 1.36 ± 0.83 mm of 3D targets and the position of the biopsy sites were accurately localized to 1.06 ± 0.89 mm for the two prostates.
The Importance of the <i>trans</i>‐Enamine Intermediate as a β‐Lactamase Inhibition Strategy Probed in Inhibitor‐Resistant SHV β‐Lactamase Variants (2012)

Abstract The ability of bacteria to express inhibitor‐resistant (IR) β‐lactamases is stimulating the development of novel inhibitors of these enzymes. The 2′β‐glutaroxypenicillinate sulfone, SA2‐13, was previously designed to enhance the stabilization of the deacylation‐refractory, trans ‐enamine inhibitory intermediate. To test whether this mode of inhibition can overcome different IR mutations, we determined the binding mode of SA2‐13 through X‐ray crystallography, obtaining co‐crystals of the inhibitor–protein complex by soaking crystals of the IR sulfhydryl variable (SHV) β‐lactamase variants S130G and M69V with the inhibitor. The 1.45 Å crystal structure of the S130G SHV:SA2‐13 complex reveals that SA2‐13 is still able to form the stable trans ‐enamine intermediate similar to the wild‐type complex structure, yet with its carboxyl linker shifted deeper into the active site in the space vacated by the S130G mutation. In contrast, data from crystals of the M69V SHV:SA2‐13 complex at 1.3 Å did not reveal clear inhibitor density indicating that this IR variant disfavors the trans ‐enamine conformation, likely due to a subtle shift in A237.
A robust unit selection system for speech synthesis (1999)

There has been interest for many years in diphone-based speech synthesis and, recently, a rapidly increasing interest in unit selection-based synthesis (as illustrated by interest in the CHATR system). The limits of both systems are well known. While intelligibility is generally very high for diphone-based systems, the resulting signals do not sound completely natural. This happens for several reasons, amongst them the limited number of phone variants present in a typical system, and the cost of concatenating at diphone boundaries. For unit selection synthesis, typically phone-based, it is possible to produce sentences that sound surprisingly natural and intelligible from a large database. However, quality is often not consistent, and the main difficulties appear to be related to selecting acoustically appropriate units from a large database with the correct prosodic characteristics. Typically no prosody modification is done. In an effort to capture the best features of both systems a unit-selection and synthesis algorithm has been devised that allows finer control than the CHATR system (version 0.8), both by applying selective prosody modification and by exercising finer control over the units that get chosen for synthesis. Results of experiments based on this version of unit selection synthesis will be presented.
Superconducting properties of MgB2 bulk materials prepared by high-pressure sintering (2001)

High-density bulk materials of a recently discovered 40 K intermetallic MgB2 superconductor were prepared by high-pressure sintering. Superconducting transition with the onset temperature of 39 K was confirmed by both magnetic and resistive measurements. Magnetization versus field (M–H) curve shows the behavior of a typical type-II superconductor and the lower critical field Hc1(0) estimated from the M–H curve is 0.032 T. The bulk sample shows good connection between grains and critical current density Jc estimated from the magnetization hysteresis using sample size was 5×104 A/cm2 at 20 K and 1 T. Upper critical field Hc2(0) determined by extrapolating the onset of resistive transition and assuming a dirty limit is 18 T.
Proceedings of the 2021 SIAM International Conference on Data Mining (SDM) (2021)

We study the problem of deriving policies, or rules, that when enacted on a complex system, cause a desired outcome. Absent the ability to perform controlled experiments, such rules have to be inferred from past observations of the system's behaviour. This is a challenging problem for two reasons: First, observational effects are often unrepresentative of the underlying causal effect because they are skewed by the presence of confounding factors. Second, naive empirical estimations of a rule's effect have a high variance, and, hence, their maximisation typically leads to spurious results.
Programmable Digital Frequency Multiplier (2007)

A programmable digital frequency multiplier with wide multiplication factor range and low lock time is presented. A digital algorithm is used to generate output frequency and an inbuilt PVT compensation mechanism ensures good frequency stability if there is any change in voltage and temperature during circuit operation. The circuit has been designed in 90nm CMOS process for input reference frequency of 32.768 KHz and multiplication factor range of 128 to 1023. The silicon results show less than 2% of average frequency error at maximum multiplication factor.
DNS Name Autoconfiguration for IoT Home Devices (2015)

This paper proposes an auto configuration scheme for DNS names of home network devices. By this scheme, the DNS name of a home network device can be auto configured with the devices category and model in a home network. This DNS name lets home residents easily identify each device for monitoring and remote-controlling it in a home network.
A CCD color linear image sensor employing new transfer method (1991)

A 5184-pixel dot sequential color CCD (charge coupled device) linear image sensor has been developed for color image scanners. This device has only one row of sensors in dot sequential form and a separate register for each primary color. Therefore the output signals are unaffected by the positional deviation of sensors or color mixing caused by the inherent transfer degradation in the CCD register. To realize the configuration of only one row of sensors and three CCD registers in this device, charges are transferred from one register to the next register using a novel charge transfer method. This method does not have an extra gate between registers and requires clock pulses with an amplitude of only 5 Vp.p. Therefore, on-chip clock drivers are realized.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Solution to the Problem of “Missing” Iud threads (1986)

A disposable, plastic, sterile instrument, RetrievetteR, for the retrieval of 'missing' threads of intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUD) at routine gynecological investigations was developed and tested in 80 patients. In 64 instances, the threads were found and easily drawn out through the cervical canal. In the remaining 16 cases, where the threads were not found, this was due to already expelled IUD in 6, too short threads in 5, inverted IUD in one, IUD which had partly perforated the uterine wall in one, unknown factors in 2 cases where the women chose to keep a correctly placed IUD in spite of missing threads and, finally, in only one case due to method failure. In the latter case, a correctly placed IUD with threads of normal length was later extracted under general anaesthesia. It is concluded that this instrument can help the physician avoid more complicated and unpleasant procedures with ultrasonic or X-ray localization and subsequent IUD extraction under local or general anesthesia in women with missing IUD threads.
THE SEPARATION OF LOWER BOILING ALCOHOLS BY EXTRACTIVE DISTILLATION (1988)

The following pairs of close boiling alcohols were separated by means of extractive distillation. The pairs separated and an effective agent were: ethanol from isoprepanol with methyl benzoate; ethanol from t-butanol with methyl salicylate; allyl alcohol from n-propanol with dimethylsulfoxide; isopropanal from t-butanol with methyl benzoate; n-propanol from 2-butanol with methyl salicylate; n-propanol from t-amyl alcohol with methyl benzoate; 2-butanol from t-amyl alcohol with methyl salicylate and t-amyl alcohol from isobutanol with dimethylsulfoxide.