gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
4-D seismic: The fourth dimension in reservoir management. Part 4 -- Inversion of 4-D seismic changes to find bypassed pay (1997)

4-D differences between seismic amplitudes derived from multiple vintages of 3-D seismic reflection surveys can be used to identify hydrocarbon migration and drainage pathways in oil and gas fields. As one has seen in parts 1--3 of this series, 4-D rapid analysis results in a match between surveys, and a general view of drainage over time within reservoirs. The next step is to quantify the changes over time, in terms of oil, gas and water saturations, and derive a specific view of drainage. Then the value of 4-D can be realized by the operator through the placement of wells to recover new oil from old fields.
A Demonstration of Haptic Retargeting (2016)

Manipulating a virtual object with appropriate passive haptic cues provides a satisfying sense of presence in virtual reality. However, scaling such experiences to support multiple virtual objects is a challenge as each one needs to be accompanied with a precisely-located haptic proxy object. We showcase a solution that overcomes this limitation by hacking human perception. Our framework for repurposing passive haptics, called haptic retargeting, leverages the dominance of vision when our senses conflict. With haptic retargeting, a single physical prop can provide passive haptics for multiple virtual objects. We introduce three approaches for dynamically aligning physical and virtual objects: body manipulation, world manipulation and a hybrid technique which combines both world and body manipulation. This demonstration accompanies our CHI 2016 paper.
Gate-assisted high-Q-factor junction varactor (2005)

In this letter, we demonstrate a high-performance gate-assisted junction varactor. The gate plays an important role in the varactor; it can decrease the series resistance and enlarge the junction capacitance of this device. With the assistance of a positive-biased gate, the Q-factor of a varactor with 723 fF capacitance at 2.4 GHz is as high as 108. Its tuning ratio is 30.1% when it is operated in the range of 0.5 to 2.5 V.
Chemically Recyclable Biobased Polyurethanes (2016)

Polyurethanes (PUs), in the form of coatings, adhesives, sealants, elastomers, and foams, play a vital role in the consumer goods, automotive, and construction industries. However, the inevitable disposal of nondegradable postconsumer polyurethane products constitutes a massive waste management problem that has yet to be solved. We address this challenge through the synthesis of biobased and chemically recyclable polyurethanes. Our approach employs renewable and degradable hydroxy telechelic poly(β-methyl-δ-valerolactone) as a replacement for petroleum-derived polyols in the synthesis of both thermoplastic polyurethanes and flexible foams. These materials rival petroleum-derived PUs in performance and can also be easily recycled to recover β-methyl-δ-valerolactone monomer in high purity and high yield. This recycling strategy bypasses many of the technical challenges that currently preclude the practical chemical recycling of PUs.
A NOVEL ALGORITHM FOR EFFECTIVE BALL TRACKING (2010)

A novel method is proposed to achieve robust and real-time ball tracking in broadcast soccer videos. In sports video, the soccer ball is small, often occluded, and with high motion speed. Thus, it is difficult to detect the sole ball in a single frame. To solve this problem, rather than locate the ball in one of several frames through detection or tracking, we find the ball through optimizing its motion trajectory in successive frames. The proposed method includes three level processes: object level, intra-trajectory level, and inter-trajectory level processing. In object level, multiple objects instead of a single ball are detected and all of them are taken as ball candidates through shape and color features identification. Then at intra-trajectory level, each ball candidate is tracked by a Kalman filter and verified by detection in successive frames, which results in lots of initial short trajectories in a video shot. These trajectories are thereafter scored and filtered according to their length and spatial-temporal relationship in a time-line model. With these trajectories, we construct a distance graph, in which a node represents a trajectory, and an edge means distance between two trajectories. We then get the optimal path using the Dijkstra algorithm in the graph at the inter-trajectory level. The optimal path is composed by a sequence of initial trajectories which make the whole route smooth and long in duration. To get a complete and reasonable path, we finally apply cubic spline interpolation to bridge the gap between adjacent trajectories (the duration corresponding to when the ball is occluded). We select three representative real FIFA2006 soccer video clips (containing a total of 16,500 frames) and manually elaborately labeling each frame in it, and take it as ground-truth to evaluate the algorithm. The average F-score is 80.59%. The algorithm was used in our soccer analysis system and tested on a wide range of real soccer videos, and all the results are satisfied. The algorithm is effective and its whole speed far exceeds real-time, 35.6 fps on mpeg2 data on the Intel Conroe platform.
Alkanes to carboxylic acids in aqueous medium: metal-free and metal-promoted highly efficient and mild conversions (2009)

A convenient and clean route to transform, in aqueous medium, various alkanes to carboxylic acids via single-pot carboxylation with CO and water, under mild conditions, has been achieved, proceeding efficiently and selectively even without any metal catalyst and any acid additive, at low temperatures; the relevant hydroxylating role of H(2)O and radical mechanisms are disclosed by radical-trap, H(2)(18)O and DFT studies.
Achieving weighted-fairnessin message rate-based congestion control for DSRC systems (2013)

Controlling channel congestion is one of the major challenges in achieving scalability for DSRC safety systems. Message rate-based congestion control schemes, like LInear MEssage Rate Integrated Control (LIMERIC), generally aim to produce unweighted fair outcomes, e.g. equal message rate allocation among nodes in a given area. However, there are practical scenarios where it may be desirable for various vehicles participating in congestion control to converge at weighted fair rates. These situations may reflect relatively static distinctions among vehicles, e.g. allocating higher rates to more accident-prone drivers, or more dynamic factors, e.g. temporary aggressive driving patterns. In this paper we propose a method that achieves weighted fair message rate allocation using a variation of the LIMERIC algorithm for DSRC systems. We provide a mathematical proof which shows the convergence and stability of the proposed technique. We also present NS-2 simulation results that demonstrate the weighted fair rates achieved by several nodes participating in congestion control.
Progress and Prospects in Heat Assisted Magnetic Recording (2007)

One of the difficulties in magnetic recording is balancing the media signal-to-noise, thermal stability and writability. Scaling the areal density, while maintaining a proper balance between these three parameters, will require an alternative technology. One potential technology is Heat Assisted Magnetic Recording (HAMR). The concept of HAMR and a HAMR head design will be introduced that uses light as the heat source. This head design tightly focuses light and collocates it with the magnetic field from a magnetic recording head. Modeling and characterization results from a HAMR head will be shown. Some future prospects for HAMR will be briefly covered, such as extending this HAMR head design to higher areal densities.
Noise-trained deep neural networks effectively predict human vision and its neural responses to challenging images (2021)

Deep neural networks (DNNs) for object classification have been argued to provide the most promising model of the visual system, accompanied by claims that they have attained or even surpassed human-level performance. Here, we evaluated whether DNNs provide a viable model of human vision when tested with challenging noisy images of objects, sometimes presented at the very limits of visibility. We show that popular state-of-the-art DNNs perform in a qualitatively different manner than humans-they are unusually susceptible to spatially uncorrelated white noise and less impaired by spatially correlated noise. We implemented a noise training procedure to determine whether noise-trained DNNs exhibit more robust responses that better match human behavioral and neural performance. We found that noise-trained DNNs provide a better qualitative match to human performance; moreover, they reliably predict human recognition thresholds on an image-by-image basis. Functional neuroimaging revealed that noise-trained DNNs provide a better correspondence to the pattern-specific neural representations found in both early visual areas and high-level object areas. A layer-specific analysis of the DNNs indicated that noise training led to broad-ranging modifications throughout the network, with greater benefits of noise robustness accruing in progressively higher layers. Our findings demonstrate that noise-trained DNNs provide a viable model to account for human behavioral and neural responses to objects in challenging noisy viewing conditions. Further, they suggest that robustness to noise may be acquired through a process of visual learning.
A multiple star WDM-PON using a band splitting WDM filter (2008)

We propose a multiple star wavelength division multiplexing-passive optical network (WDM-PON) to serve several subscriber groups located at a widely distributed area. The architecture based on a band splitting WDM (BSWDM) filter separates upstream and downstream bands to several sub-bands and assign them to different subscriber groups. As a result, it enables to use a single type AWG for second stage splitting points. Thus, it provides color-free outside plant and simplifies management issues. The proposed architecture also provides pay as you grow feature.
The immunopathogenesis and management of Kawasaki syndrome (1998)

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Live microbial microbicides for HIV (2006)

Background Most HIV transmission occurs on the mucosal surfaces of the gastrointestinal and cervico-vaginal tracts, which are coated by a biofilm of commensal bacteria. We are genetically engineering such naturally occurring bacteria to secrete peptides that block viral infection or replication. Introduction of such genetically modified organisms into uninfected individuals under conditions where they colonize the mucosa would provide a long lasting bioshield against HIV.
Optical lattice clocks and frequency comparison (2011)

We consider designs of optical lattice clocks in view of the quantum statistics, relevant atomic spins, and atom-lattice interactions. The first two issues lead to two optimal constructions for the clock: a one-dimensional (1D) optical lattice loaded with spin-polarized fermions and a 3D optical lattice loaded with bosons. By taking atomic multipolar interactions with the lattice fields into account, an "atomic motion insensitive" wavelength is proposed to provide a precise definition of the "magic wavelength." We then present a frequency comparison of these two optical lattice clocks: spin-polarized fermionic 87Sr and bosonic 88Sr prepared in 1D and 3D optical lattices, respectively. Synchronous interrogations of these two optical lattice clocks by the same probe laser allowed canceling out its frequency noise as a common mode noise to achieve a relative stability of 3×10−17 for an averaging time of τ = 350 s. The scheme, therefore, provides us with a powerful means to investigate intrinsic uncertainty of the clocks regardless of the probe laser stability. We discuss prospects of the synchronous operation of the clocks on the measurement of the geoid height difference and on the search of constancy of fundamental constants.
Efficient Single Active Layer Electrophosphorescent White Polymer Light‐Emitting Diodes (2008)

Efficient electrophosphorescent white emission polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) with single active layer is reported. Despite their simple architectures and straightforward fabrication procedures, double-doped devices with CIE coordinate of (0.33, 0.36) at 12 mA cm–2 can show peak PE of 6.4 lm W–1 and a peak LE of 16.1 cd A–1 for forward viewing, while triple-doped device (0.34, 0.47) can show a peak PE of 10.0 lm W–1 and a peak LE of 24.3 cd A–1. The demonstrated efficient white PLEDs hold great promise for solid state lighting application.
1E32 Personalized Left Atrial Blood Flow Analysis Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (2016)

This study presents a computational framework to perform CT-based, personalized blood flow analysis in human left atrium (LA). Patient-specific LA geometry and function were obtained from the cardiac CT images of a patient acquired during sinus rhythm. A four-dimensional displacement vector field was estimated using a non-rigid registration method. The LA blood outflow across the mitral valve was calculated from LV volume change, and the flow field within the LA was derived from computational fluid dynamics (CFD) using the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation. The global characteristics of the LA motion and blood flow excellently agreed with clinical observations. The personalized blood flow analysis in the LA may be useful to evaluate the flow stasis associated with the risk of the intracardiac thrombosis and stroke.
Apolipoprotein E Expression and Purification (2010)

Since the discovery of the association of apolipoprotein E (apoE) 4 with Alzheimer's disease 17 years ago, numerous in vitro experiments with the apoE isoforms (apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4) have been performed to try to understand the basis for this association. The majority of these studies used commercial sources for apoE, but some used recombinant protein. In either case, these studies were most often conducted without considering the ramifications of the structural and biophysical differences among the three isoforms or without adequate quality control of the preparations. Here, we present a protocol for producing recombinant apoE that we have used successfully in our laboratory for the last 20 years. We also review the considerations that are critical for obtaining reliable and interpretable results with the end product.
Laboratory x-ray fluorescence tomography for high-resolution nanoparticle bio-imaging (2014)

We demonstrate that nanoparticle x-ray fluorescence computed tomography in mouse-sized objects can be performed with very high spatial resolution at acceptable dose and exposure times with a compact laboratory system. The method relies on the combination of the 24 keV line-emission from a high-brightness liquid-metal-jet x-ray source, pencil-beam-forming x-ray optics, photon-counting energy-dispersive detection, and carefully matched (Mo) nanoparticles. Phantom experiments and simulations show that the arrangement significantly reduces Compton background and allows 100 μm detail imaging at dose and exposure times compatible with small-animal experiments. The method provides a possible path to in vivo molecular x-ray imaging at sub-100 μm resolution in mice.
An Optimized Vapor Phase Doping Process to Fabricate Large Core Yb-Doped Fibers (2015)

The paper demonstrates a standardized process of vapor phase doping to fabricate large core Yb-doped preforms with longer useful length in reproducible manner. The optimization of the process led to successful achievement of Yb-doped core thickness of 4.5 mm (in 14.8 mm of preform diameter) by depositing up to 30 number of core layers with controlled amount of generated precursor vapors. The influence of the process parameters was studied rigorously to enhance the useful preform length up to 380 mm. A combination of Yb and Al in different proportions was doped into the core with uniform dopant concentration along the length by adjusting few process parameters efficiently. The Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> concentration up to the level of 17.8 mol% has been achieved successfully which resulted in NA of 0.31. This is the highest ever doping of Al in passive fibers by any modified chemical vapor deposition process. The Yb <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> content in the active fibers is as high as 0.47 mol%.
Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Holography for Chemically Selective Single-Shot Nonscanning 3D Imaging (2010)

We propose and develop a new way for nonscanning coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) imaging by using CARS holography, which can capture, at a single shot, both the amplitude and the phase of a coherent Raman image. It hence allows for chemically selective three-dimensional imaging at a laser pulse duration limited speed, which is not possible to achieve by using any of the existing laser scanning based Raman imaging techniques. We have demonstrated single-shot (pulse duration: approximately 5 ns) holographic CARS imaging of microspheres. Our results show that coherent anti-Stokes Raman holography can open a new path for nonscanning label-free imaging.
<title>Variable-length correlation method for the correction of body motions and heart creep in the SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging</title> (2000)

Body motion and heart upward creep are among the most frequent sources of artifacts in the single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of nuclear medicine. This paper provides a new method for automatic correction of such motions. Under the formulation of a variable length correlation, abrupt body motions, gradual body motions, and heart upward creep are corrected in sequential passes. An affine transformation is used to compensate for changes in heart appearance caused by varying view angles in image acquisition. Additionally, a method is proposed for automatic exclusion of non-cardiac organs. The effectiveness of the method has been demonstrated with experimental results.
3D-Spectral domain computational imaging (2016)

We present a proof-of-concept experiment utilizing a novel “snap-shot” spectral domain OCT technique that captures a
phase coherent volume in a single frame. The sample is illuminated with a collimated beam of 75 μm diameter and the
back-reflected light is analyzed by a 2-D matrix of spectral interferograms. A key challenge that is addressed is
simultaneously maintaining lateral and spectral phase coherence over the imaged volume in the presence of sample
motion. Digital focusing is demonstrated for 5.0 μm lateral resolution over an 800 μm axial range.
A Modular Monolayer Coating Enables Cell Targeting by Luminescent Yttria Nanoparticles (2009)

Luminescent Eu(3+)-doped Y(2)O(3) nanoparticles are functionalized for cell targeting using a modular, multisegmented approach based on a phosphonate monolayer platform. The first segment provides hydrolytic stability for the particle-organic interface; the second enables aqueous suspendability; the third is used to bond cell attachment molecules. In vitro imaging experiments showed enhanced cell attachment of activated nanoparticles conjugated with cell attachment peptides compared to control nanoparticles. Peptide-derivatized nanoparticles are not displaced from the cells by their soluble peptide analogue, which suggests strong, polyvalent cell-particle interactions.
Measures of cardiac contractility variability during ischemia (2009)

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of death in the US. While heart rate variability (HRV) has been widely studied for ischemia detection, the changes in cardiac contractility variability have not yet been explored. This paper presents novel variability analysis using 23 linear and non-linear measures during myocardial ischemia. Multiple physiologic measures of cardiac contractility and heart rate variability are analyzed and compared before and after acute coronary artery occlusion in a swine model. Change in the spread of the Poincare plot of RR intervals was highly negatively correlated with the change in contractility reflective of ischemia (r=-0.92, p<0.05). The change in approximate entropy of the S1 heart sound intensity was also highly correlated (r=0.96, p<0.05) with the change in contractility due to ischemia. These preliminary results show the potential utility of nonlinear measures of variability to detect changes in the autonomic tone due to ischemia. These parameters, if measured continuously, may be used for early detection of AMI events in patients with implantable devices. Further research in a larger clinical study is warranted to confirm these findings.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Activity of Cereulide, a Cyclic Dodecadepsipeptide Ionophore as Emetic Toxin from Bacillus cereus. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Chip for dielectrophoretic microbial capture, separation and detection I: theoretical basis of electrode design (2022)

We model the dielectrophoretic response of<i>E. coli</i>bacterial cells and red blood cells, upon exposure to an electric field. We model the separation, capture, and release mechanisms under flow conditions in a microfluidic channel and show under which conditions efficient separation of different cell types occurs. The modelling work is aimed to guide the separation electrode architecture and design for experimental validation of the model. The dielectrophoretic force is affected both by the geometry of the electrodes (the gradient of the electric field), the Re{CM(<i>ω</i>)} factor, and the permittivity of the medium ϵ<sub>m</sub>. Our modelling makes testable predictions and shows that designing the electrode structure to ensure structure periodicity with spacing between consecutive traps smaller than the length of the depletion zone ensures efficient capture and separation. Such electrode system has higher capture and separation efficiency than systems with the established circular electrode architecture. The simulated, modelled microfluidic design allows for the separated bacteria, concentrated by dedicated dielectrophoretic regions, to be subsequently detected using label-free functionalized nanowire sensors. The experimental validation of the modelling work presented here and the validation of the theoretical design constraints of the chip electrode architecture is presented in the companion paper in the same issue (Weber MU<i>et al</i>2022 Chip for dielectrophoretic Microbial Capture, Separation and Detection II: Experimental Study).