gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanoscale electrical characterization of organic photovoltaic blends by conductive atomic force microscopy (2006)

Conductive atomic force microscopy (CAFM) is introduced to perform electrical characterization of organic photovoltaic blends with high spatial resolution. Reference blends used in organic bulk heterojunction solar cells are investigated. The ability of CAFM to electrically evidence phase separated donor and acceptor regions is demonstrated. Furthermore, local spectroscopy is performed to analyze charge transport mechanisms in the blends. Significant modifications of the electrical properties of the semiconducting polymers are shown to occur after blending with fullerene derivatives. Finally, the sensitivity of CAFM to photoelectrical phenomena is revealed. Current variations of few picoamperes are locally observed under illumination of P3HT:PCBM.
{D1G1TAL HER1TAGE}. From cultural to digital heritage (2018)

The introduction outlines the guiding idea of this issue. The digitization of text, images, and other cultural materials has become a common practice in European Galleries, Libraries, Archives and Museums (GLAMs); in consequence cultural heritage is labelled and perceived as »digital heritage«. The contributions critically research and reflect the metacultural production and emerging changes of professional heritage work.
Practical recommendations for prehospital and early in-hospital management of patients presenting with acute heart failure syndromes (2008)

Guideline recommendations for the prehospital and early in-hospital (first 6-12 hrs after presentation) management of acute heart failure syndromes are lacking. The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and European Society of Cardiology guidelines direct the management of these acute heart failure patients, but specific consensus on early management has not been published, primarily because few early management trials have been conducted. This article summarizes practical recommendations for the prehospital and early management of patients with acute heart failure syndromes; the recommendations were developed from a meeting of experts in cardiology, emergency medicine, and intensive care medicine from Europe and the United States. The recommendations are based on a unique clinical classification system considering the initial systolic blood pressure and other symptoms: 1) dyspnea and/or congestion with systolic blood pressure >140 mm Hg; 2) dyspnea and/or congestion with systolic blood pressure 100-140 mm Hg; 3) dyspnea and/or congestion with systolic blood pressure <100 mm Hg; 4) dyspnea and/or congestion with signs of acute coronary syndrome; and 5) isolated right ventricular failure. These practical recommendations are not intended to replace existing guidelines. Rather, they are meant to serve as a tool to facilitate guideline implementation where data are available and to provide suggested treatment approaches where formal guidelines and definitive evidence are lacking.
Physics and Modeling of Plasma Display Panels (1997)

Abstract: We discuss physical phenomena which take place in an AC Plasma Display Panel (PDP) cell for matrix and coplanar electrode geometries. The effect of the gas mixture and the electrode geometry on the breakdown voltage is first analyzed using a fluid discharge model. We then compare solutions from simple fluid models and more accurate hybrid models for a ID cell, and discuss the sensitivity of the models to the uncertainties on the charged particle transport coefficients. Finally we present typical results showing the space and time evolution of a discharge in AC matrix and coplanar cells. 1.
Smoothing Parameter and Model Selection for General Smooth Models (2017)

This article discusses a general framework for smoothing parameter estimation for models with regular likelihoods constructed in terms of unknown smooth functions of covariates. Gaussian random effects and parametric terms may also be present. By construction the method is numerically stable and convergent, and enables smoothing parameter uncertainty to be quantified. The latter enables us to fix a well known problem with AIC for such models, thereby improving the range of model selection tools available. The smooth functions are represented by reduced rank spline like smoothers, with associated quadratic penalties measuring function smoothness. Model estimation is by penalized likelihood maximization, where the smoothing parameters controlling the extent of penalization are estimated by Laplace approximate marginal likelihood. The methods cover, for example, generalized additive models for nonexponential family responses (e.g., beta, ordered categorical, scaled t distribution, negative binomial and Tweedie distributions), generalized additive models for location scale and shape (e.g., two stage zero inflation models, and Gaussian location-scale models), Cox proportional hazards models and multivariate additive models. The framework reduces the implementation of new model classes to the coding of some standard derivatives of the log-likelihood. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Tapered Block Copolymers of Styrene and Butadiene: Synthesis, Structure, and Properties (1998)

In this work we describe the synthesis, structure and properties of four tapered block copolymers of styrene and butadiene (TBC's) that were tested as asphalt and high impact polystyrene (HIPS) modifiers. In both cases, the polymers improved significantly the properties such as the softening point temperature in asphalt-TBC mixtures and the Izod impact in HIPS-TBC blends prepared by mechanical mixing. Rheological measurements on pure asphalt as well as 4% by weight polymer modified asphalts were carried out and a noticeable rise in storage modulus G' with a lowering of Tan Delta was achieved by TBC modification of the asphalt. No difference attributable to structure differences between the several polymers was observed.
Review of Battery Management Systems (BMS) Development and Industrial Standards (2021)

The evolving global landscape for electrical distribution and use created a need area for energy storage systems (ESS), making them among the fastest growing electrical power system products. A key element in any energy storage system is the capability to monitor, control, and optimize performance of an individual or multiple battery modules in an energy storage system and the ability to control the disconnection of the module(s) from the system in the event of abnormal conditions. This management scheme is known as “battery management system (BMS)”, which is one of the essential units in electrical equipment. BMS reacts with external events, as well with as an internal event. It is used to improve the battery performance with proper safety measures within a system. Therefore, a safe BMS is the prerequisite for operating an electrical system. This report analyzes the details of BMS for electric transportation and large-scale (stationary) energy storage. The analysis includes different aspects of BMS covering testing, component, functionalities, topology, operation, architecture, and BMS safety aspects. Additionally, current related standards and codes related to BMS are also reviewed. The report investigates BMS safety aspects, battery technology, regulation needs, and offer recommendations. It further studies current gaps in respect to the safety requirements and performance requirements of BMS by focusing mainly on the electric transportation and stationary application. The report further provides a framework for developing a new standard on BMS, especially on BMS safety and operational risk. In conclusion, four main areas of (1) BMS construction, (2) Operation Parameters, (3) BMS Integration, and (4) Installation for improvement of BMS safety and performance are identified, and detailed recommendations were provided for each area. It is recommended that a technical review of the BMS be performed for transportation electrification and large-scale (stationary) applications. A comprehensive evaluation of the components, architectures, and safety risks applicable to BMS operation is also presented.
Adenoviral transfer of the melanoma differentiation-associated gene 7 (mda7) induces apoptosis of lung cancer cells via up-regulation of the double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR). (2002)

Adenoviral-mediated overexpression of the melanoma differentiation-associated gene 7 (Ad-mda7) induces apoptosis in a wide range of cancer cells, although themechanism is not well understood. We report that Ad-mda7 induces andactivates the double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR), which leads to phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF-2alpha) and the induction of apoptosis in lung cancer cells. Treatment with 2-aminopurine (2-AP), a serine/threonine kinase inhibitor, inhibits PKR activation, eIF2alpha phosphorylation, and apoptosis induction by Ad-mda7. Additionally, PKR null but not wild-type fibroblasts are resistant to Ad-mda7-induced apoptosis. These results suggest that the activation of PKR and its downstream targets may be a critical pathway for Ad-mda7-mediated apoptosis.
Gene expression and risk of leukemic transformation in myelodysplasia (2017)

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are a heterogeneous group of clonal hematopoietic disorders with a highly variable prognosis. To identify a gene expression-based classification of myelodysplasia with biological and clinical relevance, we performed a comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of myeloid neoplasms with dysplasia using transcriptome sequencing. Unsupervised clustering of gene expression data of bone marrow CD34<sup>+</sup> cells from 100 patients identified 2 subgroups. The first subtype was characterized by increased expression of genes related to erythroid/megakaryocytic (EMK) lineages, whereas the second subtype showed upregulation of genes related to immature progenitor (IMP) cells. Compared with the first so-called EMK subtype, the IMP subtype showed upregulation of many signaling pathways and downregulation of several pathways related to metabolism and DNA repair. The IMP subgroup was associated with a significantly shorter survival in both univariate (hazard ratio [HR], 5.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8-14; <i>P</i> = .002) and multivariate analysis (HR, 4.9; 95% CI, 1.3-19; <i>P</i> = .02). Leukemic transformation was limited to the IMP subgroup. The prognostic significance of our classification was validated in an independent cohort of 183 patients. We also constructed a model to predict the subgroups using gene expression profiles of unfractionated bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs). The model successfully predicted clinical outcomes in a test set of 114 patients with BMMNC samples. The addition of our classification to the clinical model improved prediction of patient outcomes. These results indicated biological and clinical relevance of our gene expression-based classification, which will improve risk prediction and treatment stratification of MDS.
Single instruction stream parallelism is greater than two (1991)

Article Single instruction stream parallelism is greater than two Share on Authors: Michael Butler Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MichiganView Profile , Tse-Yu Yeh Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MichiganView Profile , Yale Patt Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MichiganView Profile , Mitch Alsup Motorola Incorporated, Microprocessor and Memory Technology Group, 6501 William Cannon Drive West, Austin, Texas Motorola Incorporated, Microprocessor and Memory Technology Group, 6501 William Cannon Drive West, Austin, TexasView Profile , Hunter Scales Motorola Incorporated, Microprocessor and Memory Technology Group, 6501 William Cannon Drive West, Austin, Texas Motorola Incorporated, Microprocessor and Memory Technology Group, 6501 William Cannon Drive West, Austin, TexasView Profile , Michael Shebanow Motorola Incorporated, Microprocessor and Memory Technology Group, 6501 William Cannon Drive West, Austin, Texas Motorola Incorporated, Microprocessor and Memory Technology Group, 6501 William Cannon Drive West, Austin, TexasView Profile Authors Info & Claims ISCA '91: Proceedings of the 18th annual international symposium on Computer architectureApril 1991 Pages 276–286https://doi.org/10.1145/115952.115980Online:01 April 1991Publication History 98citation1,234DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations98Total Downloads1,234Last 12 Months81Last 6 weeks43 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
A Vehicle and Pedestrian Detection Method Based on Improved YOLOv4-Tiny (2022)

Aiming at the problems of low detection accuracy and poor recognition effect of small-scale targets in traditional vehicle and pedestrian detection methods, a vehicle and pedestrian detection method based on improved YOLOv4-Tiny is proposed. On the basis of YOLOv4-Tiny, the 8-fold down sampling feature layer was added for feature fusion, the PANet structure was used to perform bidirectional fusion for the deep and shallow features from the output feature layer of backbone network, and the detection head for small targets was added. The results show that the mean average precision of the improved method has reached 85.93%, and the detection performance is similar to that of YOLOv4. Compared with the YOLOv4-Tiny, the mean average precision of the improved method is increased by 24.45%, and the detection speed reaches 67.83FPS, which means that the detection effect is significantly improved and can meet the real-time requirements.
41Ca and Accelerator Mass Spectrometry to Monitor Calcium Metabolism in End Stage Renal Disease Patients (2005)

Isotope ratios spanning 5 orders of magnitude can be measured by accelerator mass spectrometry with excellent precision in the range observed in samples collected from patients who have received 10 nCi of (41)Ca. The (41)Ca at this dose caused no adverse effects in 8 volunteers. This is the first report of the use of (41)Ca to monitor differences in bone turnover between healthy individuals and ESRD patients.
Phase 2 trial of oral vorinostat (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, SAHA) for refractory cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) (2006)

The activity and safety of the histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, SAHA) were evaluated in patients with refractory cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Group 1 received vorinostat 400 mg daily, group 2 received vorinostat 300 mg twice daily for 3 days with 4 days rest, and group 3 received vorinostat 300 mg twice daily for 14 days with 7 days rest followed by 200 mg twice daily. Treatment continued until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. The primary objective was to determine the complete and partial response (PR) rate. Time to response (TTR), time to progressive disease (TTP), response duration (DOR), pruritus relief, and safety were determined. Thirty-three patients who had received a median of 5 prior therapies were enrolled. Eight patients achieved a PR, including 7 with advanced disease and 4 with Sézary syndrome. The median TTR, DOR, and TTP for responders were 11.9, 15.1, and 30.2 weeks, respectively. Fourteen of 31 evaluable patients had pruritus relief. The most common drug-related AEs were fatigue, thrombocytopenia, diarrhea, and nausea. The most common grade 3 or 4 drug-related AEs were thrombocytopenia and dehydration. Vorinostat demonstrated activity in heavily pretreated patients with CTCL. The 400 mg daily regimen had the most favorable safety profile and is being further evaluated.
Vagus Nerve and Vagus Nerve Stimulation, a Comprehensive Review: Part II (2015)

The development of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) began in the 19th century. Although it did not work well initially, it introduced the idea that led to many VNS‐related animal studies for seizure control. In the 1990s, with the success of several early clinical trials, VNS was approved for the treatment of refractory epilepsy, and later for the refractory depression. To date, several novel electrical stimulating devices are being developed. New invasive devices are designed to automate the seizure control and for use in heart failure. Non‐invasive transcutaneous devices, which stimulate auricular VN or carotid VN, are also undergoing clinical trials for treatment of epilepsy, pain, headache, and others. Noninvasive VNS (nVNS) exhibits greater safety profiles and seems similarly effective to their invasive counterpart. In this review, we discuss the history and development of VNS, as well as recent progress in invasive and nVNS.
Measurement of Modulation Transfer Function of Digital Imaging System by Use of Square Wave Chart (1997)

The presampling modulation transfer function(MTF)and the final MTF have been used in evaluating the resolution of digital imaging systems. These MTFs are generally measured by the slit method. On the other hand, in the analog system, the square wave response function(SWRF)method is widely used to measure MTF. In this study, we examined the use of the SWRF method with a digital imaging system. Results showed that output modulations of square waves were varied when data were sampled sparsely. However, the presampling MTF and the final MTF could be measured from the maximum and minimum values of output modulation. The measured final MTFs obtained from the slit method and the SWRF method were in good agreement with one another.
Modulation of Peripheral Serotonin Levels by Novel Tryptophan Hydroxylase Inhibitors for the Potential Treatment of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders (2008)

The discovery of a novel class of peripheral tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) inhibitors is described. This class of TPH inhibitors exhibits excellent potency in in vitro biochemical and cell-based assays, and it selectively reduces serotonin levels in the murine intestine after oral administration without affecting levels in the brain. These TPH1 inhibitors may provide novel treatments for gastrointestinal disorders associated with dysregulation of the serotonergic system, such as chemotherapy-induced emesis and irritable bowel syndrome.
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the Treatment of Major Depression (2010)

Dr. Demitrack is Vice President and Chief Medical Officer, Neuronetics, Inc., 31 General Warren Boulevard, Malvern, PA 19355; E-mail: [email protected]. Dr. Demitrack has disclosed that he is a stockshareholder in Pfizer and Lilly and is an employee of Neuronetics, Inc. All editors and staff in a position to control the content of this CME activity and their spouses/life partners (if any) have disclosed that they have no financial relationships with, or financial interests in, any commercial companies pertaining to this educational activity. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc. is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., designates this educational activity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. To earn CME credit, you must read the CME article(s) and complete the quiz and evaluation assessment survey on the enclosed form, answering at least 80% of the quiz questions correctly. This activity expires on March 31, 2011.
The Gene Structure of Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases (TIMP)-3 and Its Inhibitory Activities Define the Distinct TIMP Gene Family (1995)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) play a critical role in extracellular matrix homeostasis. We have previously cloned human and mouse TIMP-3 cDNAs and mapped their chromosomal loci (Apte, S. S., Mattei, M-G., and Olsen, B. R. (1994) Genomics 19, 86-90; Apte, S. S., Hayashi, K., Seldin, M. F., Mattei, M-G., Hayashi, M., and Olsen, B. R. (1994) Dev. Dynam. 200, 177-197); the identification of TIMP3 mutations in Sorsby's fundus dystrophy has underscored the functional importance of TIMP-3. We now report that TIMP-3 is encoded by five exons spanning over 30 kilobase pairs of mouse genomic DNA. In the attribution of protein domains to specific exons, as well as exon structures, the Timp-3 and Timp-1 genes are similar, confirming the common evolutionary origin of the TIMPs and defining a distinct gene family. We have expressed human and mouse TIMP-3 in mouse NSO myeloma cells. In each case, an N-glycosylated 27-kDa protein was generated, that, like TIMP-1 and TIMP-2, inhibited collagenase-1, stromelysin-1, and gelatinases A and B. TIMP-3 and TIMP-1 inhibition were quantitatively similar, implying that all TIMPs are equally efficient in MMP inhibition. Instead, differential regulation of the TIMP genes or divergent C-terminal protein sequences may underlie distinct biological functions for each TIMP.
A randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, crossover trial comparing the safety and efficacy of oral sustained-release hydromorphone with immediate-release hydromorphone in patients with cancer pain. Canadian Palliative Care Clinical Trials Group. (1996)

Our findings suggest that SRH is as safe and effective as IRH in the treatment of cancer pain.
High-speed clock recovery with phase-locked-loop-based on LiNbO 3 modulators (2003)

In this paper, we present a scheme for recovering 10 GHz clock from 40 Gb/s and 80 Gb/s time division multiplexed (TDM) return to zero (RZ) data stream. The proposed clock recovery is successfully demonstrated using an electrical phase locked loop (PLL). The jitter of the recovered clock is estimated to be around 50 fs. The key part in the proposed clock recovery circuit is a LiNbO<sub>3</sub> Mach-Zehnder modulator which is shown to be highly effective in optical to electrical down conversion.
Near field imaging in microwave regime using double layer split-ring resonator based metamaterial (2006)

Abstract A planar metamaterial structure consisting of two layers of split-ring resonator (SRR) arrays is demonstrated to form the image of a point source with subwavelength resolution. The source frequency is swept through the resonance gap of the metamaterial layers and the lateral field intensity distribution is recorded on the transmission side of the metamaterial. When the source is tuned to the resonance frequency of SRRs, the metamaterial acts as a high permeability medium and a distinct image with subwavelength resolution in the lateral direction is obtained. Increasing the distance between the individual SRR layers reduces the interlayer coupling, and the intensity and spatial resolution of the image decrease rapidly.