gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of RgpA, RgpB, and Kgp Proteinases in Virulence of <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> W50 in a Murine Lesion Model (2001)

Extracellular Arg-x- and Lys-x-specific cysteine proteinases are considered important virulence factors and pathogenic markers for Porphyromonas gingivalis, a bacterium implicated as a major etiological agent of chronic periodontitis. Three genes. rgpA, rgpB, and kgp, encode an Arg-x-specific proteinase and adhesins (RgpA), an Arg-x-specific proteinase (RgpB), and a Lys-x-specific proteinase and adhesins (Kgp), respectively. The contribution to pathogenicity of each of the proteinase genes of P. gingivalis W50 was investigated in a murine lesion model using isogenic mutants lacking RgpA, RgpB, and Kgp. Whole-cell Arg-x-specific proteolytic activity of both the RgpA(-) and RgpB(-) isogenic mutants was significantly reduced (3- to 4-fold) relative to that of the wild-type W50. However, for the Kgp(-) isogenic mutant, whole-cell Arg-x activity was similar to that of the wild-type strain. Whole-cell Lys-x proteolytic activity of the RgpA(-) and RgpB(-) mutants was not significantly different from that of wild-type W50, whereas the Kgp(-) mutant was devoid of Lys-x whole-cell proteolytic activity. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot analysis using proteinase-specific antibodies of cell sonicates of the wild-type and mutant strains showed that the proteinase catalytic domain of each of the mutants was not expressed. This analysis further showed that RgpB appeared as 72- and 80-kDa bands, and the catalytic domains of RgpA and Kgp appeared as processed 45-kDa and 48-kDa bands, respectively. In the murine lesion model, mice were challenged with three doses of each mutant and wild-type strain. At the lower dose (3.0 x 10(9) viable-cells), no lesions were recorded for each of the mutants, whereas wild-type W50 induced large ulcerative lesions. At a dose of 6.0 x 10(9) viable-cells, all the mice challenged with the wild-type strain died, whereas mice challenged with the RgpA(-) and RgpB(-) isogenic mutants did not die but developed lesions. Mice challenged with the Kgp(-) isogenic mutant at this dose did not develop lesions. At a 1.2 x 10(10) viable-cell dose, only 40% of mice challenged with the Kgp(-) mutant developed lesions, and these lesions were significantly smaller than lesions induced by the wild-type strain at the 3.0 x 10(9) viable-cell dose. All the mice challenged with the RgpA(-) mutant died at the 1.2 x 10(10) viable-cell dose, whereas only 20% died when challenged with the RgpB(-) mutant at this dose. Wild-type phenotype was restored to the RgpB(-) mutant by complementation with plasmid pNJR12::rgpB containing the rgpB gene. There was no difference between the pNJR12::rgpB-complemented RgpB(-) mutant and the wild-type W50 strain in whole-cell Arg-x activity, protein profile, or virulence in the murine lesion model. These results show that the three proteinases, RgpA, RgpB, and Kgp, all contributed to virulence of P. gingivalis W50 in the murine lesion model and that the order in which they contributed was Kgp >> RgpB > or = RgpA.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND PHARMACOLOGY OF 8‐AMINO‐3‐(CYCLOPROPYLMETHYL)‐1,2,3,4,5,6‐HEXAHYDRO‐CIS‐6,11‐DIMETHYL‐2,6‐METHANO‐3‐BENZAZOCINE AND RELATED COMPOUNDS (1980)

Abstract Die Phenolether (I) werden zu den Enolethern (II) reduziert, die nach Hydrolyse die Oxime (IV) ergeben.
Low temperature extraction and upgrading of oil sands and bitumen in supercritical fluid mixtures (2010)

Preliminary results are reported for the extraction and catalytic hydrocracking of Alberta bitumen and oil sands using supercritical fluid mixtures; high levels of extraction and upgrading were attained using reaction conditions significantly milder than those previously reported.
Temporal Evaluation of ASR Cracking in Concrete Specimens Using Acoustic Emission (2020)

The effect of steel reinforcement on the distribution of alkali-silica reaction (ASR) damage in concrete blocks is studied by leveraging acoustic emission sensing with a data-driven approach. The innovation lies in deriving damage contours caused by ASR based on a minimal sensor array. Through this approach, damage progression can be traced in time and event distribution can be visualized. A gap in the current literature, namely evaluating ASR progress in concrete structures with different internal restraint using acoustic emission (AE), is addressed. Unsupervised pattern recognition is utilized to study the effect of the temporal damage condition. In the confined specimen, the distribution of AE events in the midwidth region of the specimen is concentrated and close to the normal distribution. The surface cracks are mostly oriented along the specimen length and in the midwidth region. However, in the unconfined specimen, the distribution of AE events is more uniform, and cracks are randomly distributed.
Packed-Bed Reactor Study of NETL Sample 196c for the Removal of Carbon Dioxide from Simulated Flue Gas Mixture (2012)

An amine-based solid sorbent process to remove CO2 from flue gas has been investigated. The sorbent consists of polyethylenimine (PEI) immobilized onto silica (SiO2) support. Experiments were conducted in a packed-bed reactor and exit gas composition was monitored using mass spectrometry. The effects of feed gas composition (CO2 and H2O), temperature, and simulated steam regeneration were examined for both the silica support as well as the PEI-based sorbent. The artifact of the empty reactor was also quantified. Sorbent CO2 capacity loading was compared to thermogravimetric (TGA) results to further characterize adsorption isotherms and better define CO2 working capacity. Sorbent stability was monitored by periodically repeating baseline conditions throughout the parametric testing and replacing with fresh sorbent as needed. The concept of the Basic Immobilized Amine Sorbent (BIAS) Process using this sorbent within a system where sorbent continuously flows between the absorber and regenerator was introduced. The basic tenet is to manipulate or control the level of moisture on the sorbent as it travels around the sorbent circulation path between absorption and regeneration stages to minimize its effect on regeneration heat duty.
WEAVER codes: highly fault tolerant erasure codes for storage systems (2005)

We present the WEAVER codes, new families of simple highly fault tolerant XOR-based erasure codes for storage systems (with fault tolerance up to 12). The design features of WEAVER codes are (a) placement of data and parity blocks on the same strip, (b) constrained parity in-degree and (c) balance and symmetry. These codes are in general not maximum distance separable (MDS) but have optimal storage efficiency among all codes with constrained parity in-degree. Though applicable to RAID controller systems, the WEAVER codes are probably best suited in dRAID systems (distributed Redundant Arrangement of Independent Devices). We discuss the advantages these codes have over many other erasure codes for storage systems.
Development of a Functional Biohybrid Implant Formed from Periodontal Tissue Utilizing Bioengineering Technology (2016)

Current osseointegrated dental implants have been widely used for the rehabilitation of tooth loss. Although dental implants are considered an available treatment in the paradigm shift from traditional dental therapies, such as fixed dental bridges and removable dentures, the fundamental problems must be overcome before their clinical use in young patients who are still undergoing jawbone growth. Here, we show a novel bioengineering method for a functional biohybrid implant that is combined with adult-derived periodontal tissue and attached with bone tissue as a substitute for cementum. This biohybrid implant was successfully engrafted using the bioengineered periodontal ligament, and it restored physiological function, such as orthodontic movement through bone remodeling and appropriate responsiveness to noxious stimuli. Thus, this study represents the functional biohybrid implant's potential for clinical use as a next-generation dental implant using adult-derived tissues.
A pH‐responsive cyclopolymer having phospho‐ and sulfopropyl pendents in the same repeating unit: Synthesis, characterization, and its application as an antiscalant (2013)

ABSTRACT A new zwitterionic monomer 3‐[diallyl{3‐(diethoxyphosphoryl)propyl}ammonio]propane‐1‐sulfonate has been synthesized and cyclopolymerized to give the corresponding polyzwitterion (±) (PZ) bearing both phosphonate and sulfonate functionalities on each repeating unit. phosphonate ester hydrolysis in PZ gave a pH‐responsive dibasic polyzwitterionic acid (±) (PZA) bearing PO 3 H 2 units. The PZA under pH‐induced transformation was converted into polyzwitterion/anion (± −) (PZAN) and polyzwitterion/dianion (± =) (PZDAN) having respective PO 3 H − and PO 3 2− units. The polymers′ interesting solubility and viscosity behaviors have been investigated in detail. The apparent protonation constants in salt‐free water and 0.1 M NaCl of the PO 3 2− in (± =) (PZDAN) and PO 3 H – in (± −) (PZAN) as well as in their corresponding monomeric units have been determined. Evaluation of antiscaling properties of the PZA using supersaturated solution of CaSO 4 revealed ≈100% scale inhibition efficiency at a meager concentration of 20 ppm for a duration of 45 h at 40 °C. The PZA has the potential to be used effectively as an antiscalant in reverse osmosis plant. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013 , 51 , 5130–5142
Virulence properties and protective efficacy of the capsular polymer of Haemophilus (Actinobacillus) pleuropneumoniae serotype 5 (1988)

The role of the capsule of Haemophilus (Actinobacillus) pleuropneumoniae serotype 5 in bacterial virulence, and the protective efficacy of antibody to serotype 5 capsule was investigated. Encapsulated H. pleuropneumoniae serotype 5 were resistant to killing by complement and antibody to capsule or somatic antigens, whereas a noncapsulated mutant was sensitive to killing by the alternative complement pathway alone. Antiserum to whole H. pleuropneumoniae serotype 5 bacteria or monospecific antiserum to capsule was capable of opsonizing bacteria of the homologous serotype for phagocytosis by swine polymorphonuclear leukocytes but was not opsonic for a heterologous serotype. An immunoglobulin M monoclonal antibody to the serotype 5 capsule was not opsonic for any serotype. Mice were protected against lethal, intranasal challenge with the homologous or heterologous serotype after immunization with live encapsulated or noncapsulated bacteria, but not after immunization with killed bacteria, lipopolysaccharide, or a capsule-protein conjugate vaccine. The protection induced by immunization with live bacteria was transferred to nonimmune, syngeneic mice by serum but not by spleen cells. Nonimmune pigs passively immunized with monospecific swine serum to capsule were protected from lethal infection but not from development of hemorrhagic lung lesions, whereas pigs passively immunized with swine antiserum to live bacteria did not develop severe respiratory lesions. Thus, the capsule of H. pleuropneumoniae serotype 5 was inhibitory to the bactericidal activity of serum and was antiphagocytic. Antibody to the capsule was opsonic but was not fully protective.
Quantitative spectral measurement of air leaks into plasma reactors (1995)

An adaptation of the classical ‘‘standard addition’’ technique has been implemented to quantitatively measure the magnitude of an air leak into the gas lines of any plasma reactor. This measurement can be run on any original equipment manufacturer plasma reactor equipped with some means for the spectral analysis of the plasma. The only additional requirement is a mass flow controller used to make the incremental air (or N2) additions to generate an in situ calibration curve. The technique can be readily automated to provide a diagnostic of hardware integrity.
Genetic incorporation of<scp>l</scp>-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) biosynthesized by a tyrosine phenol-lyase (2018)

l-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) was biosynthesized by a tyrosine-phenol lyase from catechol, pyruvate, and ammonia in Escherichia coli, and the biosynthesized amino acid was directly incorporated into proteins. Three biochemical experiments with mutant proteins containing DOPA confirmed the genetic incorporation of biosynthesized DOPA, and revealed its potential for various biochemical applications.
MorphDroid (2015)

Mobile devices are rich in sensors, such as a Global Positioning System (GPS) tracker, microphone and camera, and have access to numerous sources of personal information, including the device ID, contacts and social data. This richness increases the functionality of mobile apps, but also creates privacy threats. As a result, different solutions have been proposed to verify or enforce privacy policies. A key limitation of existing approaches is that they reason about privacy at a coarse level, without accounting for declassification rules, such that the location for instance is treated as a single unit of information without reference to its many fields. As a result, legitimate app behaviors --- such as releasing the user's city rather than exact address --- are perceived as privacy violations, rendering existing analyses overly conservative and thus of limited usability.
Seven novel modulators of the analgesic target <scp>Na<sub>V</sub></scp>1.7 uncovered using a high‐throughput venom‐based discovery approach (2015)

Our data indicate that spider venoms are a rich natural source of hNaV 1.7 inhibitors that might be useful leads for the development of novel analgesics.
Synthesis, Computational Docking Study, and Biological Evaluation of a Library of Heterocyclic Curcuminoids with Remarkable Antitumor Activity (2018)

In a continuing search for curcuminoid (CUR) compounds with antitumor activity, a novel series of heterocyclic CUR-BF<sub>2</sub> adducts and CUR compounds based on indole, benzothiophene, and benzofuran along with their aryl pyrazoles were synthesized. Computational docking studies were performed to compare binding efficiency to target proteins involved in specific cancers, namely HER2, proteasome, VEGFR, BRAF, and Bcl-2, versus known inhibitor drugs. The majority presented very good binding affinities, similar to, and even more favorable than those of known inhibitors. The indole-based CUR-BF<sub>2</sub> and CUR compounds and their bis-thiocyanato derivatives exhibited high anti-proliferative and apoptotic activity by in vitro bioassays against a panel of 60 cancer cell lines, more specifically against multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines (KMS11, MM1.S, and RPMI-8226) with significantly lower IC<sub>50</sub> values versus healthy PBMC cells; they also exhibited higher anti-proliferative activity in human colorectal cancer cells (HCT116, HT29, DLD-1, RKO, SW837, and Caco2) than the parent curcumin, while showing notably lower cytotoxicity in normal colon cells (CCD112CoN and CCD841CoN).
Model-Based Flow Rate Control with Online Model Parameters Identification in Automatic Pouring Machine (2021)

In this study, we proposed an advanced control system for tilting-ladle-type automatic pouring machines in the casting industry. Automatic pouring machines have been introduced recently to improve the working environment of the pouring process. In the conventional study on pouring control, it has been confirmed that the pouring flow rate control contributes to improving the accuracy of the entire automatic pouring machine, such as the outflow liquid’s falling position from the ladle, the liquid’s weight filled in the mold, and the sprue cup’s liquid level. However, the conventional control system has problems: it is not easy to precisely pour the liquid in the ladle with a large tilting angle, and it takes time to adjust the control parameters. Therefore, we proposed the feedforward pouring flow rate control system, constructed by the pouring process’ inverse model with the online model parameters identification. In this approach, we derived the pouring process’ mathematical model, representing precisely the pouring process with the ladle’s large tilting angle. The model parameters in the pouring process’ inverse model in the controller are updated online via the model parameters identification. To verify the proposed pouring control system’s efficacy, we experimented using the tilting-ladle-type automatic pouring machine. In the experimental results, the mean absolute error between the outflow liquid’s weight and the reference weight was improved from 0.1346 at the first pouring to 0.0498 at the fifth pouring. Moreover, the model parameters were identified within 4 s. Therefore, it enables updating the controller’s parameters within each pouring motion interval by the proposed approach.
Synthesis and Evaluation of 4‐Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid Amides and 4‐Hydroxycinnamamides as Antioxidants. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Peptides derived from the HIV-1 integrase promote HIV-1 infection and multi-integration of viral cDNA in LEDGF/p75-knockdown cells (2010)

It appears that the lack of integration observed in HIV-1 infected LEDGF/p75-knockdown cells is due mainly to the inhibitory effect of Rev following the formation of a Rev-IN complex. Disruption of this inhibitory complex leads to productive infection in those cells.
Ultrasonic level sensor for liquids under high pressure (1986)

An ultrasonic level sensor of novel design continuously measures the level of a liquid subjected to a high pressure (up to 6000 psi or ∼4×107 Pa), as is sometimes required for the effective transfer of the liquid. The sensor operates as a composite resonator, fabricated from a standard high-pressure plug. A flat-bottom hole is machined into the plug along its center line. An ultrasonic transducer is bonded rigidly to the interior surface of the bottom wall, while the exterior surface is in contact with the liquid. Although the bottom wall is designed to satisfy the pressure code, it is still sufficiently thin to permit ready excitation of the axisymmetric plate modes of vibration. The liquid level is measured by a conventional pulse-echo technique. A prototype sensor was tested successfully in a 600-gal (∼2300-l) water vessel at pressures up to 5500 psi. A spectral analysis of the transmitted pulse reveals that the flexural, extensional, thickness-shear, and radial plate modes are excited into vibration, but none of these appears to be significantly affected by pressurization of the liquid.
Robust and reliable banknote authentification and print flaw detection with opto-acoustical sensor fusion methods (2006)

The authenticity checking and inspection of bank notes is a high labour intensive process where traditionally every note on every sheet is inspected manually. However with the advent of more and more sophisticated security features, both visible and invisible, and the requirement of cost reduction in the printing process, it is clear that automation is required. As more and more print techniques and new security features will be established, total quality security, authenticity and bank note printing must be assured. Therefore, this factor necessitates amplification of a sensorial concept in general. We propose a concept for both authenticity checking and inspection methods for pattern recognition and classification for securities and banknotes, which is based on the concept of sensor fusion and fuzzy interpretation of data measures. In the approach different methods of authenticity analysis and print flaw detection are combined, which can be used for vending or sorting machines, as well as for printing machines. Usually only the existence or appearance of colours and their textures are checked by cameras. Our method combines the visible camera images with IR-spectral sensitive sensors, acoustical and other measurements like temperature and pressure of printing machines.
High power electrochemical capacitors based on carbon nanotube electrodes (1997)

Carbon nanotube sheet electrodes have been prepared from catalytically grown carbon nanotubes of high purity and narrow diameter distribution, centered around 80 Å. Our study shows that the electrodes are free-standing mats of entangled nanotubes with an open porous structure almost impossible to obtain with activated carbon or carbon fiber. These properties are highly desirable for high power and long cycle life electrochemical capacitors. Specific capacitances of 102 and 49 F/g were measured at 1 and 100 Hz, respectively, on a single cell device with 38 wt % H2SO4 as the electrolyte. The same cell had a power density of &gt;8000 W/kg.
Using phoneme duration and energy contour information to improve large vocabulary isolated-word recognition (1991)

Minimum duration constraints and energy thresholds for phonemes were used to increase the recognition accuracy of an 86000-word speaker-trained isolated word recognizer. Minimum duration constraints force the phoneme models to map to acoustic segments longer than the duration minima for the phonemes. Such constraints result in significant lowering of likelihoods of many incorrect word choices, improving the accuracy of acoustic recognition and recognition with the language model. The phoneme models were also improved by correcting the segmentation of the phonemes in the training set. During training, the boundaries between phonemes are not marked accurately. Energy is used to correct these boundaries. Application of an energy threshold improves the segment boundaries between stops and sonorants (vowels, liquids, and glides), between fricatives and sonorants, between affricates and sonorants. and between breath noise and sonorants. On two speakers, the overall reduction in errors using minimum durations and energy thresholds is from 27.3% to 23.1% for acoustic recognition and from 14.3% to 8.8% with the language model.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ASPECT: an economical bug-detector (1991)

A technique-ASPECT-for catching code-level bugs is presented. ASPECT is intended to be economical for everyday software development. It comprises a formal specification language and a code-checking method. Programmers write simple assertions about the information required to compute a result; an efficient mechanical checker can then find bugs in the annotated code. Careless slips that escape type-checking and standard compiler anomaly tests can be detected, without the cost of formal verification or the uncertainty of testing. The essence of ASPECT is reasoning about dependencies between the aspects of abstract objects. >
Accelerating Hessian-free optimization for Deep Neural Networks by implicit preconditioning and sampling (2013)

Hessian-free training has become a popular parallel second order optimization technique for Deep Neural Network training. This study aims at speeding up Hessian-free training, both by means of decreasing the amount of data used for training, as well as through reduction of the number of Krylov subspace solver iterations used for implicit estimation of the Hessian. In this paper, we develop an L-BFGS based preconditioning scheme that avoids the need to access the Hessian explicitly. Since L-BFGS cannot be regarded as a fixed-point iteration, we further propose the employment of flexible Krylov subspace solvers that retain the desired theoretical convergence guarantees of their conventional counterparts. Second, we propose a new sampling algorithm, which geometrically increases the amount of data utilized for gradient and Krylov subspace iteration calculations. On a 50-hr English Broadcast News task, we find that these methodologies provide roughly a 1.5× speed-up, whereas, on a 300-hr Switchboard task, these techniques provide over a 2.3× speedup, with no loss in WER. These results suggest that even further speed-up is expected, as problems scale and complexity grows.