gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spatial Action of Mosquito Repellents13 (1970)

Journal Article Spatial Action of Mosquito Repellents Get access Carl E. Schreck, Carl E. Schreck Entomology Research Division, Agr. Res. Serv., USDA, Gainesville, Florida 32601 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Irwin H. Gilbert, Irwin H. Gilbert Entomology Research Division, Agr. Res. Serv., USDA, Gainesville, Florida 32601 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. E. Weidhaas, D. E. Weidhaas Entomology Research Division, Agr. Res. Serv., USDA, Gainesville, Florida 32601 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kenneth H. Posey Kenneth H. Posey Entomology Research Division, Agr. Res. Serv., USDA, Gainesville, Florida 32601 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 63, Issue 5, 1 October 1970, Pages 1576–1578, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/63.5.1576 Published: 01 October 1970 Article history Received: 26 January 1970 Published: 01 October 1970
Na+ and K+ transport damage induced by oxygen free radicals in human red cell membranes. (1983)

The treatment of human erythrocytes with phenazine methosulfate (PMS) results in a sustained intracellular production of oxygen free radicals as shown by the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium and methemoglobin production.Inhibition of superoxide dismutase by diethyldithiocarbamate further enhances nitroblue tetrazolium reduction indicating an increase in the PMSdependent oxygen free radicals.NADH is one of the hydrogen donors able to react with PMS and O2 in order to generate oxygen free radicals in cyclic reactions which last far more than 4 h.The attack of red cell membranes by oxygen free radicals greatly alters their chemical structure.We observed lipid peroxidation, as shown by the increase in malondialdehyde above endogenous levels and methemoglobin binding to the cell membrane.PMS treatment markedly modifies the ionic equilibrium of the erythrocytes.At low PMS concentrations they lose intracellular K' .This is a prehemolytic effect, since hemolysis occur at high PMS concentrations.Both toxic effects are enhanced by superoxide dismutase inhibition with diethyldithiocarbamate, strongly suggesting that they result from the attack of cell membranes by oxygen free radicals.A study of the effect of PMS on the different transport pathways for K' across the human red cell membrane showed that at low PMS concentrations there is a specific increase in passive K+ permeability with no major effect on the specific K' carriers such as the (Na+,K+)-pump or the (Na+,K+)cotransport system.The increase in passive K+ permeability has the following properties: (i) it is not affected by ethylene glycol bis(P-aminoethyl ether)-N,Nflfltetraacetic acid, quinine, or the replacement of C1by NO3-; (ii) it is enhanced by inhibition of the anion carrier with 4,4'-diisothiocyano-2,!2'-disulfonic acid stilbene; (iii) it is partially inhibited by external superoxide dismutase; and (iv) it is not affected by external catalase or by inhibition of endogenous catalase with 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole.Our results strongly suggest that the PMS-dependent erythrocyte K' loss results from membrane lipid peroxydation by oxygen free radicals, particularly 0 $ The generation of free radicals following irradiation (1, 2), disturbance of tissue oxygen supply (3-7), inflammation (8lo), and other physiopathological conditions (11, 12) may be extremely noxious to the structure and function of cell mem-
Adjunctive Nutraceuticals for Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (2016)

Current evidence supports adjunctive use of SAMe, methylfolate, omega-3, and vitamin D with antidepressants to reduce depressive symptoms.
Lysosome-targeting turn-on red/NIR BODIPY probes for imaging hypoxic cells (2019)

A small series of fluorescent lysosome-targeting probes based on the BODIPY fluorophore and containing morpholine and nitro groups were rationally designed. These probes emitted light from green to NIR wavelengths, and provided specificity for imaging the lysosomes of hypoxic cells. The electron-withdrawing nitrophenyl group at the meso position was found to lead to highly efficient nonradiative decay of the S1 state, and hence a recovery of fluorescence when reduction of the nitro group occurred under hypoxic conditions.
Discovery of Chiral Catalysts through Ligand Diversity: Ti‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Addition of TMSCN to <i>meso</i> Epoxides (1996)

Abstract For corrigendum see DOI: 10.1002/anie.199619951
Antiviral compounds. 1. Structure-activity relationship of some antiviral enediones derived from aldehydo sugars (1983)

A series of aldehydo sugars was subjected to condensation reactions with active methylene compounds. Acetylacetone was condensed with 2,4-O-benzylidene-3,5-O-dibenzoyl-D-ribose (1), 2,4:3,5-O-dibenzylidene-D-ribose (6), 2,3,4,5-tetraacetyl-D-ribose (7), and 2,3,4,5,6-pentaacetyl-D-glucose (9) to yield 3-ylidene-2,4-pentanedione derivatives 2, 11, 12, and 13, respectively. Sugar derivatives 1 and 6 were also condensed with benzoylacetone to give 14 and 18, with acetoacetanilide to give 16 and 19, with malononitrile to give 17 and 20, and with alpha-(gamma-butyrolactonylidene)triphenylphosphorane to give 21 and 22, respectively. Condensation of 1 with dibenzoylmethane gave 15. The double bond in compounds 2 and 11 was saturated by hydrogenation to give 23 and 24. All alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds obtained exhibited antiviral activity and cytotoxicity. Compound 11 was found to have the most significant and selective antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus.
Relapsed Ovarian Cancer: Challenges and Management Strategies for a Chronic Disease (2002)

Advances in the treatment and early detection of ovarian cancer have led to gains in 5-year survival rates, with 52% of women diagnosed between 1992 and 1997 surviving 5 years or longer, compared with 41% of women diagnosed between 1983 and 1985. Although approximately 10%-15% of patients achieve and maintain complete responses to therapy, the remaining patients have persistent disease or eventually relapse. These patients will generally undergo a series of treatments, each associated with progressively shorter treatment-free intervals. Nevertheless, median survival of patients with recurrent ovarian cancer ranges from 12-24 months, demonstrating the chronic natural history of the disease. Advances in the treatment of ovarian cancer over the past decade have led to these improvements and have prompted oncologists to now view the management of patients with ovarian cancer as an ongoing, long-term challenge. This shift in approach has raised important new questions regarding patient management, including the need to define trigger points for initiating or changing treatment (e.g., sequential increases in serum cancer antigen 125 levels, appearance of symptoms, or cumulative toxicities), anticipation of impending treatment decision points, recognition that the overtreatment of patients early in the disease process may adversely affect future treatment opportunities, and a renewed emphasis on patient education and participation in decision-making. This review will discuss these important patient management issues and will conclude with case studies illustrating two distinct treatment strategies (planning and sequencing) for the long-term management of patients with ovarian cancer.
Nitrous oxide may not increase the risk of cancer recurrence after colorectal surgery: a follow-up of a randomized controlled trial (2009)

Current Controlled Clinical Trials NCT00781352 http://www.clinicaltrials.gov.
Ternäre Halogenide vom Typ A<sub>3</sub>MX<sub>6</sub>. IV. [1]. Ternäre Halogenide des Scandiums mit Natrium, Na<sub>3</sub>ScX<sub>6</sub> (X = F, Cl, Br): Synthese, Strukturen, Ionenleitfähigkeit (1996)

Abstract Röntgenographische Untersuchungen an Einkristallen von Na 3 ScF 6 und Na 3 ScBr 6 ergaben, daß Na 3 ScF 6 im Kryolith‐Typ (monoklin, P2 1 /n, Z = 2, a = 560,16(9), b = 580,31(8), c = 812,1(2)pm, β = 90,720(14)°) und Na 3 ScBr 6 als bisher einziges ternäres Bromid der Selten‐Erd‐Elemente mit Natrium im Na 3 CrCl 6 ‐Typ (trigonal, P 3 1c, Z = 2, a = 728,95(7), c = 1309,29(17)pm) kristallisieren. An Pulverproben von Na 3 ScF 6 und Na 3 ScBr 6 sowie an Na 3 ScCl 6 wurden Leitfähigkeitsuntersuchungen mittels Impedanzspektroskopie vorgenommen und aus den Ergebnissen die Aktivierungsenergien für den Leitungsprozeß zu 1,22 eV, 0,80 eV und 0,71 eV für das Fluorid, Chlorid bzw. Bromid bestimmt. Die Unterschiede werden aus den Kristallstrukturen sowie durch die Größen und Polarisierbarkeiten der Anionen erklärt.
Cyclic AMP-dependent Transcriptional Up-regulation of Phosphodiesterase 4D5 in Human Airway Smooth Muscle Cells (2002)

Phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D), part of the complex cAMP-specific PDE4 family, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of airway smooth muscle relaxation by catalyzing the hydolysis of cAMP. Its gene on chromosome 5q12 encodes 5 splice variants, which show tissue-dependent expression and regulation. The genomic arrangement of PDE4D was determined using in silico methods, and a putative promoter of one of the protein kinase A-activated, long isoforms, PDE4D5 was identified. Promoter-luciferase constructs, transiently transfected into a beta(2) adrenoreceptor-expressing CHO-K1 cell line, were used to demonstrate that the PDE4D5 promoter up-regulated reporter gene expression in response to increased cell cAMP. Site-directed mutagenesis of the cAMP-response element (CRE) at position -201 identified this as the principal component of the mechanism underlying this cAMP responsiveness. In the second part of this study, cAMP-dependent induction of PDE4D5 transcript in primary cultured human airway smooth muscle cells (hASMs) was demonstrated using both qualitative reverse-transcriptase PCR and quantitative real-time PCR. Isolated PDE4D5 isoenzyme activity, measured after selective immunoprecipitation from hASMs, confirmed that this increase in expression led to an up-regulation of functional activity. We present evidence for cAMP-driven PDE4D5 up-regulation in hASMs and suggest a CRE-containing, isoform-specific promoter as the primary mechanism.
Effects of High Volume Weight Training on Lactate, Heart Rate, and Perceived Exertion (1993)

This study investigated the response of lactate [La], heart rate (HR), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) to acute resistance exercise following a high volume weight training program. Twenty-three untrained male subjects were divided into experimental (GE, n = 15) and control groups (C, n = 8). A pretest (Pre) was performed consisting of full squats for 1 set of 10 repetitions (reps) at 45% of a 1-rep maximum (1-RM), 1 set of 10 reps at 55% 1-RM, and 5 sets of 10 reps at 62.5% 1-RM. Following 8 weeks of training by GE, all subjects were retested (Post) using the original Pre testing Protocol. Results showed that peak [La] decreased from 11.9 ± 4.2 mmol · L−1 to 5.1 ± 2.6 mmol · L−1 (p < 0.05) as a result of training. GE displayed a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in heart rate at the end of each set. Significant decreases in RPE during exercise were also observed. These findings suggest that an 8-week high volume weight training program emphasizing large muscle groups can reduce the physiological and perceived stress associated with resistance exercise. The reductions in [La], HR, and RPE following training may enhance an individual's ability to continue work during bouts of acute resistance exercise.
The Complete Genome of Propionibacterium freudenreichii CIRM-BIA1T, a Hardy Actinobacterium with Food and Probiotic Applications (2010)

With the exception of its ability to degrade lactose, P. freudenreichii seems poorly adapted to dairy niches. This genome annotation opens up new prospects for the understanding of the P. freudenreichii probiotic activity.
α-Adrenoceptor Modulation of Norepinephrine and ATP Release in Isolated Kidneys of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (1995)

The present study investigates sympathetic cotransmission and its alpha-adrenoceptor-mediated modulation in kidneys of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR, 12 to 14 weeks) and age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). In the presence of cocaine and corticosterone, renal nerve stimulation at 1 Hz (30 seconds) induced a greater outflow of norepinephrine in SHR (4.2 +/- 0.2 pmol/g kidney) than in WKY (3.0 +/- 0.2 pmol/g kidney). The alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist rauwolscine (0.01 to 1 mumol/L) increased the stimulation-induced norepinephrine outflow to a greater extent in SHR than in WKY. In contrast, the alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin (0.03 to 3 mumol/L) increased the stimulation-induced norepinephrine outflow to a greater extent in WKY than in SHR. This difference was not observed in the presence of the P1-purinoceptor antagonist 8-(p-sulfophenyl)theophylline (100 mumol/L). Stimulation at 4 Hz (30 seconds) induced an outflow of ATP (SHR, 12.7 +/- 3.3 pmol/g kidney; WKY, 16.7 +/- 2.1 pmol/g kidney; perfusion solution without cocaine and corticosterone). Prazosin (0.03 mumol/L) markedly reduced pressor responses to stimulation and inhibited the induced ATP outflow by 60% to 70%. When prazosin (0.03 mumol/L) was present, rauwolscine (0.1 mumol/L) increased the induced outflow of norepinephrine and ATP and markedly enhanced prazosin-resistant pressor responses. These pressor responses were abolished by the P2-purinoceptor antagonist suramin (300 mumol/L). The results demonstrate an increased alpha 2-adrenoceptor-mediated automodulation of norepinephrine release in SHR kidneys caused by increased intrasynaptic norepinephrine levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Gelatin nanoparticles: a potential candidate for medical applications (2016)

Abstract Gelatin is a protein obtained from the hydrolysis of collagen. Gelatin is an attractive biodegradable material for use in nano-biotechnology and nano-pharmaceutics. Gelatin nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used as drug and gene carrier to targeted sick tissues including cancer, tuberculosis, HIV infection along with the treatment of vasospasm and restenosis, due to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. For instance, coating with gelatin lowers the cytotoxicity of quantum dots. Moreover, gelatin NPs have the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, hence proven as a promising candidate to target brain disorders. Macrophage targeting with gelatin NPs for remedy of different diseases is repeatedly reported in previous years. In tissue engineering gelatin is actively utilized for construction of biological and life-long 3D scaffolds for bio-artificial tissues and organ production. Gelatins have a wide range of potential applications which needs to be unraveled in more detail. This review is mainly focused on the applications of gelatin NPs in biomedical sciences.
The development of geotextiles incorporating slow- release phosphate beads for the maintenance of oil degrading bacteria in permeable pavements (2006)

The development of a self-fertilising geotextile mat designed to provide a sustained slow-release of required inorganic nutrients for the growth of oil degrading microorganisms in porous pavement systems (PPS) is reported. The system comprises a geotextile spun from polymer fibres containing spherical phosphated polymer beads that release phosphate upon contact with water at a desirable level for microbial growth. Initial results using model PPS have shown that the self-fertilising geotextile system works extremely effectively as increased microbial activity has been observed throughout the experiment, illustrating that the oil-degrading bacteria can effectively utilise this polymer composite as a suitable nutrient source.
Thermal Property, Structure, and Dynamics of Supercooled Water in Porous Silica by Calorimetry, Neutron Scattering, and NMR Relaxation (1997)

Thermal properties, structure, and dynamics of supercooled water in porous silica of two different pore sizes (30 and 100 Å) have been investigated over a temperature range from 298 down to 193 K by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), neutron diffraction, neutron quasi-elastic scattering, and proton NMR relaxation methods. Cooling curves by DSC showed that water in the 30 Å pores freezes at around 237 K, whereas water in the 100 Å pores does at 252 K. Neutron diffraction data for water in the 30 Å pores revealed that with lowering temperatures below 237 K hydrogen bond networks are gradually strengthened, the structure correlation being extended to 10 Å at 193 K. It has also been found that crystalline ice is not formed in the 30 Å pores in the temperature range investigated, whereas cubic ice (Ic) crystallizes in the 100 Å pores at 238 K. The self-diffusion coefficients of water protons in both pores determined from the quasi-elastic neutron scattering measurements showed that the translational motion of water molecules is slower by a factor of two in the 30 Å pores than in the 100 Å pores, the motion of water molecules in the 100 Å pores being comparable with that of bulk water. The self-diffusion coefficients of water in both pores at different temperatures showed that the translational motion of water molecules is gradually restricted with decreasing temperature. The spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) and the spin-spin relaxation time (T2) data obtained by the proton NMR relaxation experiments suggested that the motions of water molecules in the 100 Å pores are faster by a factor of 2−3 than those of water molecules in the 30 Å pores. The peak area, the half-width at half maximum, the relaxation rates (T1-1 and T2-1) of water molecules at the various temperatures all showed an inflection point at 238 and 253 K for the 30 and 100 Å pores, respectively, suggesting the freezing of water in the pores.
Sequence-Specific Electrochemical Detection of Asymmetric PCR Amplicons of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plant DNA (2002)

In this study, an electrochemistry-based approach to detect nucleic acid amplification products of Chinese herbal genes is reported. Using asymmetric polymerase chain reaction and electrochemical techniques, single-stranded target amplicons are produced from trace amounts of DNA sample and sequence-specific electrochemical detection based on the direct hybridization of the crude amplicon mix and immobilized DNA probe can be achieved. Electrochemically active intercalator Hoechst 33258 is bound to the double-stranded duplex formed by the target amplicon hybridized with the 5'-thiol-derivated DNA probe (16-mer) on the gold electrode surface. The electrochemical current signal of the hybridization event is measured by linear sweep voltammetry, the response of which can be used to differentiate the sequence complementarities of the target amplicons. To improve the reproducibility and sensitivity of the current signal, issues such as electrode surface cleaning, probe immobilization, and target hybridization are addressed. Factors affecting hybridization efficiency including the length and binding region of the target amplicon are discussed. Using our approach, differentiation of Chinese herbal species Fritillaria (F. thunbergii and F. cirrhosa) based on the 16-mer unique sequences in the spacer region of the 5S-rRNA is demonstrated. The ability to detect PCR products using a nonoptical electrochemical detection technique is an important step toward the realization of portable biomicrodevices for on-spot bacterial and viral detections.
Structural and functional characterization of the genomic locus encoding the murine beta 2 thyroid hormone receptor. (1994)

beta 1 and beta 2 are functional thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) that are generated from the same genomic locus by splicing of a different amino terminus onto a common carboxyl region containing the DNA and hormone binding domains. TR beta 1 is widely expressed whereas TR beta 2 is found primarily in the pituitary gland although low levels of expression have been described in other tissues. To gain insight into the mechanisms governing expression of this complex transcriptional unit, we cloned mouse genomic fragments containing the common carboxyl terminus as well as the unique TR beta 2 amino-terminal sequence that was located at least 25 kilobases upstream. The DNA and ligand binding exons are identical in size and location of their boundaries to those of the human TR beta 1 gene. To determine whether the region 5' of the TR beta 2 amino terminus represented the promoter region, we examined it for sites of transcriptional initiation and for its ability to function as a promoter in TR beta 2-expressing thyrotrope cells. Multiple transcriptional start sites extending over 400 base pairs (bp) were identified with those more proximal showing inhibition by T3. Transcription was not detected more than 400 bp upstream from the putative AUG codon, although initiation downstream of this AUG was demonstrated indicating alternative AUG usage. A fragment containing 500 bp of the TR beta 2 5'-region exhibited preferential promoter activity when transfected into thyrotrope cells that express endogenous TR beta 2. Deletion studies demonstrated that removal of consensus binding sites for the transcription factor Pit-1 resulted in loss of this cell specificity. We therefore conclude that the promoter region responsible for expression of the TR beta 2 isoform in pituitary thyrotropes is distinct from that described for TR beta 1 and is located many kilobases upstream from their common exons.
Photoluminescence properties of porous GaN and (Ga,In)N/GaN single quantum well made by selective area sublimation (2017)

International audience
<i>VATLD</i>: A <i>V</i>isual <i>A</i>nalytics System to Assess, Understand and Improve <i>T</i>raffic <i>L</i>ight <i>D</i>etection (2020)

Traffic light detection is crucial for environment perception and decision-making in autonomous driving. State-of-the-art detectors are built upon deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and have exhibited promising performance. However, one looming concern with CNN based detectors is how to thoroughly evaluate the performance of accuracy and robustness before they can be deployed to autonomous vehicles. In this work, we propose a visual analytics system, VATLD, equipped with a disentangled representation learning and semantic adversarial learning, to assess, understand, and improve the accuracy and robustness of traffic light detectors in autonomous driving applications. The disentangled representation learning extracts data semantics to augment human cognition with human-friendly visual summarization, and the semantic adversarial learning efficiently exposes interpretable robustness risks and enables minimal human interaction for actionable insights. We also demonstrate the effectiveness of various performance improvement strategies derived from actionable insights with our visual analytics system, VATLD, and illustrate some practical implications for safety-critical applications in autonomous driving.