gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GM-CSF Treatment of a Patient in Myasthenic Crisis: Clinical Outcome and Effects on Regulatory T Cells (Tregs) (S35.005) (2012)

Objective: We describe a 77-year-old man with a prolonged myasthenic crisis refractory to conventional immunomodulatory treatments who was treated with GM-CSF and report the subsequent clinical course and the effects of treatment on circulating Treg phenotype and function. Background Treatment of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis with GM-CSF has been shown to suppress anti-AChR immune responses, and expand Foxp3 + Tregs with an enhanced ability to selectively suppress AChR-induced T cell proliferation. Design/Methods: The patient9s blood was drawn and PBMCs were isolated and collected. Tcell subsets were sorted and the ability of Tregs (CD4 + CD25 hi CD127 low cells) to suppress the proliferation of responder T cells was assessed by a CFSE-based co-culture assay and compared to control subjects. Results: Prior to treatment with GM-CSF the patient9s isolated Tregs demonstrated diminished expression of FoxP3. After treatment there was an increase in the numbers of Foxp3-expressing CD4 + cells and an enhanced intensity of Foxp3 expression. A relative defect in the patient9s Treg suppressive capacity also improved after treatment. No significant T cell proliferation was seen in response to AChR peptide in control subjects, while T cells derived from the patient exhibited a proliferative response which was not suppressed by the addition of Tregs prior to treatment with GM-CSF, but improved in response to GM-CSF treatment. Conclusions: Clinical improvement in this case was associated with enhanced Treg function as demonstrated by serial in vitro T cell proliferation/suppression assays. The observed effects on Tregs are consistent with the reported immune modulatory effects of GM-CSF. Although limited to a single patient, these novel observations combined with our preclinical data argue that the effects of GM-CSF in MG should be studied in a clinical trial setting. Furthermore, our results may provide insight into the role of Tregs in MG, and may suggest the possibility of monitoring Treg function/phenotype as a biomarker of treatment response in MG. Supported by: NIH, MDA. Disclosure: Dr. Rowin has nothing to disclose. Dr. Muthusamy has nothing to disclose. Dr. Arhebamen has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sheng has nothing to disclose. Dr. Prabhakar has received personal compensation for activities with Gliknik Inc. as a consultant.Dr. Prabhakar has received research support from NIH. Dr. Meriggioli has received personal compensation for activities with Athena Diagnostics, Talecris Biotherapeutics, Gliknik, and Celegene Corporation. Dr. Meriggioli receives patent payments for a patent on bispecific antibody coated dendritic cells. Dr. Meriggioli has received research support from the NIH/NINDS and the Muscular Dystrophy Association.
Semantics and Algorithms for Parametric Monitoring (2012)

Analysis of execution traces plays a fundamental role in many program analysis approaches, such as runtime verification, testing, monitoring, and specification mining. Execution traces are frequently parametric, i.e., they contain events with parameter bindings. Each parametric trace usually consists of many meaningful trace slices merged together, each slice corresponding to one parameter binding. This gives a semantics-based solution to parametric trace analysis. A general-purpose parametric trace slicing technique is introduced, which takes each event in the parametric trace and dispatches it to its corresponding trace slices. This parametric trace slicing technique can be used in combination with any conventional, non-parametric trace analysis technique, by applying the later on each trace slice. As an instance, a parametric property monitoring technique is then presented. The presented parametric trace slicing and monitoring techniques have been implemented and extensively evaluated. Measurements of runtime overhead confirm that the generality of the discussed techniques does not come at a performance expense when compared with existing parametric trace monitoring systems.
Randomized pilot study of nimesulide treatment in Alzheimer’s disease (2002)

These findings support the feasibility of nimesulide therapy in AD; assessment of efficacy will require a larger, long-term treatment study.
Identification of potential protective antigens of <i>Ostertagia ostertagi</i> with local antibody probes (2002)

The identification of protective helminth antigens remains the most important challenge in the development of parasitic vaccines. To identify protective antigens of Ostertagia ostertagi, an important abomasal parasite of cattle, parasite-specific local antibodies from the abomasal mucus and from the draining lymph nodes were collected from calves immunized with multiple infections and from 'primary infected' animals. With these probes, Western blots of extracts and excretion/ secretion (E/S) material from L3, L4 and adult life-stages as well as cDNA expression libraries were screened to identify antigens that were exclusively recognized by antibodies from 'immunized' calves. In the adult stage, a protein of 32 kDa was specifically detected on Western blot by mucus antibodies from 'immunized' animals. In the L3 and L4 larval stages, proteins situated in the regions of 28-29 kDa were recognized by mucus antibodies and a 59 kDa antigen was specifically recognized by lymph node antibodies from 'immunized' animals. Screening E/S material revealed no specific difference in recognition pattern between 'immunized' and 'primary infected' animals. Screening of the cDNA libraries revealed 26 relevant clones, coding for 15 proteins, among these several with potential protective capacity, immunodominant properties or functional and physiological importance e.g. metalloproteases, an aspartyl protease inhibitor and collagen.
Natural Compounds Interacting with Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors: From Low-Molecular Weight Ones to Peptides and Proteins (2015)

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) fulfill a variety of functions making identification and analysis of nAChR subtypes a challenging task. Traditional instruments for nAChR research are d-tubocurarine, snake venom protein α-bungarotoxin (α-Bgt), and α-conotoxins, neurotoxic peptides from Conus snails. Various new compounds of different structural classes also interacting with nAChRs have been recently identified. Among the low-molecular weight compounds are alkaloids pibocin, varacin and makaluvamines C and G. 6-Bromohypaphorine from the mollusk Hermissenda crassicornis does not bind to Torpedo nAChR but behaves as an agonist on human α7 nAChR. To get more selective α-conotoxins, computer modeling of their complexes with acetylcholine-binding proteins and distinct nAChRs was used. Several novel three-finger neurotoxins targeting nAChRs were described and α-Bgt inhibition of GABA-A receptors was discovered. Information on the mechanisms of nAChR interactions with the three-finger proteins of the Ly6 family was found. Snake venom phospholipases A2 were recently found to inhibit different nAChR subtypes. Blocking of nAChRs in Lymnaea stagnalis neurons was shown for venom C-type lectin-like proteins, appearing to be the largest molecules capable to interact with the receptor. A huge nAChR molecule sensible to conformational rearrangements accommodates diverse binding sites recognizable by structurally very different compounds.
Visual analysis of importance and grouping in software dependency graphs (2008)

Understanding dependencies between components is a key task in software engineering. We present a method for the display and visual analysis of dependency graphs occurring in large software systems. Our layout approach takes into account similarity and importance of the system components and additional grouping information; using efficient algorithms based on linear algebra, it scales to very large dependency graphs. We apply our method to two real-world software systems and present the results.
Third‐generation recombinant immunoblot assay: comparison of reactivities according to hepatitis C virus genotype (1996)

The current RIBA-3 lacks sensitivity to the NS4 antibody for HCV types 2 and 3. The incorporation of type-specific components to other genotypes for NS4 (and NS3) antigens should be considered by the manufacturers.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient antibodies label Ca<sup>2+</sup> channel α<sub>1</sub> subunit (1994)

Sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is an idiopathic human degenerative disease of spinal cord and brain motor neurons. Prior studies demonstrated that most patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis possess immunoglobulins that bind to purified L-type voltage-gated calcium channels, that titers of anti-voltage-gated calcium channel antibodies correlate with disease progression rates, and that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient-derived antibodies (ALS IgG) produce electrophysiological changes in the function of voltage-gated calcium channels. Using Western transfer immunoblots and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, the calcium ionophore-forming alpha 1 subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel is now identified as the major voltage-gated calcium channel antigen to which ALS IgG binds. Additionally, the binding of an L-type voltage-gated calcium channel alpha 1 subunit-directed monoclonal antibody, which itself mimics the effects of ALS IgG on skeletal muscle voltage-gated calcium channel currents, is selectively prevented by preaddition of ALS IgG. Voltage-gated calcium channel-binding IgG from patients with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome appears to be differentiated from ALS IgG by the reactivity of the former to both alpha 1 and beta subunits of the calcium channel. These assays provide further evidence linking amyotrophic lateral sclerosis to an autoimmune process, and suggest one means to differentiate immunoglobulins from patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis from those of patients with another autoimmune disease expressing calcium channel antibodies.
Synthesis of Few-Layer Hexagonal Boron Nitride Thin Film by Chemical Vapor Deposition (2010)

In this contribution we demonstrate a method of synthesizing a hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) thin film by ambient pressure chemical vapor deposition on polycrystalline Ni films. Depending on the growth conditions, the thickness of the obtained h-BN film is between ∼5 and 50 nm. The h-BN grows continuously on the entire Ni surface and the region with uniform thickness can be up to 20 μm in lateral size which is only limited by the size of the Ni single crystal grains. The hexagonal structure was confirmed by both electron and X-ray diffraction. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows the B/N atomic ratio to be 1:1.12. A large optical band gap (5.92 eV) was obtained from the photoabsorption spectra which suggest the potential usage of this h-BN film in optoelectronic devices.
Factor VIII alloantibodies in hemophilia (2004)

Although the ultimate goal, preventing or suppressing inhibitor formation in patients, is not yet achieved, the research activity developed over the past months brings us forward in that direction.
Synthesis of Renewable Bisphenols from Creosol (2011)

A series of renewable bisphenols has been synthesized from creosol (2-methoxy-4-methylphenol) through stoichiometric condensation with short-chain aldehydes. Creosol can be readily produced from lignin, potentially allowing for the large scale synthesis of bisphenol A replacements from abundant waste biomass. The renewable bisphenols were isolated in good yields and purities without resorting to solvent-intense purification methods. Zinc acetate was shown to be a selective catalyst for the ortho-coupling of formaldehyde, but was unreactive when more sterically demanding aldehydes were used. Dilute HCl and HBr solutions were shown to be effective catalysts for the selective coupling of aldehydes in the position meta to the hydroxyl group. The acid solutions could be recycled and reused multiple times without decrease in activity or yield.
Bone-Targeted Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: Effect of a Proinhibitor on Bone Resorption in Vitro (1987)

Many investigations have indicated a functional role for carbonic anhydrase in the mediation of hormone-stimulated bone resorption. These studies depend heavily on the use of heterocyclic sulfonamide inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase. These drugs have effects on many tissues other than bone, and some of these effects confound the interpretation of studies of the role of carbonic acid in bone metabolism. A novel, "bone-targeted" sulfonamide has been produced to obviate these extraosseous effects. This compound (designated WP-1) is the combination of tetracycline and acetazolamide, such that the acetazolamide is not an active inhibitor. Hydrolysis of WP-1 yields an active carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. WP-1 has a marked affinity for bone mineral, allowing deposition of the drug in bone. At a concentration of 10(-5) M, WP-1 attenuates parathyroid hormone stimulated net release of calcium from neonatal rat calvaria in culture. WP-1 is the first member of a class of drugs which may prove useful as pharmacological probes in the study of bone metabolism.
BLE-Backscatter: Ultralow-Power IoT Nodes Compatible With Bluetooth 4.0 Low Energy (BLE) Smartphones and Tablets (2017)

Backscatter communication promises significant power and complexity advantages for Internet of Things devices such as radio frequency identification (RFID) tags and wireless sensor nodes. One perceived disadvantage of backscatter communication has been the requirement for specialized hardware such as RFID readers to receive backscatter signals. In this paper, we show how backscatter signals can be designed for compatibility with the Bluetooth 4.0 low energy (BLE) chipsets already present in billions of smart phones and tablets. We present a prototype microcontroller-based “BLE-Backscatter” tag that produces bandpass frequency-shift keying modulation at 1 Mb/s, enabling compatibility with conventional BLE advertising channels. Using a +23-dBm equivalent isotropically radiated power continuous wave (CW) carrier source, we demonstrate a range of up to 13 m between the tag and an unmodified Apple iPad Mini as well as a PC with the Nordic Semiconductor nRF51822 chipset. With the tag 1 m from the receiver, we demonstrate a range of up to 30 m between the CW carrier source and the tag. In both cases, the existing Bluetooth stack was used, with no modifications whatsoever to hardware, firmware, or software. The backscatter tag consumes only 1.56 nJ/b, over 6× less than the lowest power commercial Bluetooth transmitters.
Mining business topics in source code using latent dirichlet allocation (2008)

One of the difficulties in maintaining a large software system is the absence of documented business domain topics and correlation between these domain topics and source code. Without such a correlation, people without any prior application knowledge would find it hard to comprehend the functionality of the system. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), a statistical model, has emerged as a popular technique for discovering topics in large text document corpus. But its applicability in extracting business domain topics from source code has not been explored so far. This paper investigates LDA in the context of comprehending large software systems and proposes a human assisted approachbased on LDA for extracting domain topics from source code. This method has been applied on a number of open source and proprietary systems. Preliminary results indicate that LDA is able to identify some of the domain topics and isa satisfactory starting point for further manual refinement of topics
Effects of noise exposure on hearing health evaluated through short interval otoacoustic emission monitoring: Preliminary results (2018)

Industrial workers are often exposed on a daily basis to noise doses that put them at risk of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL), which remains the largest cause of indemnity in North America industries. To improve occupational hearing loss prevention programs, a method to continuously measure hearing fatigue using otoacoustic emissions (OAE) has already been proposed by the authors using a portable and robust OAE system designed for noisy industrial use. The effectiveness in the field of the aforementioned method is examined by comparing unexposed and noise exposed participants. All participants are equipped with an hearing protection earpiece which includes the usual OAE measurement components as well as a microphone mounted on the outer faceplate of the earpiece. At regular intervals over the course of the day, the growth function of distortion product OAEs is measured on participants while simultaneously measuring noise levels inside and outside the ear. Preliminary results of this study are presented and analyzed in the broader context of the dose-response relationship that could indicate individuals’ risk to develop NIHL.
Polysilane-supported Pd and Pt nanoparticles as efficient catalysts for organic synthesis (2006)

Polysilane-supported Pd and Pt catalysts have been prepared for the first time, and used successfully in hydrogenation, Suzuki and Sonogashira reactions, and hydrosilylation respectively: the reactions proceeded in high yields, and the catalysts could be recovered almost quantitatively by simple filtration and reused.
Identification of a Novel Astrovirus (Astrovirus VA1) Associated with an Outbreak of Acute Gastroenteritis (2009)

The etiology of a large proportion of gastrointestinal illness is unknown. In this study, random Sanger sequencing and pyrosequencing approaches were used to analyze fecal specimens from a gastroenteritis outbreak of unknown etiology in a child care center. Multiple sequences with limited identity to known astroviruses were identified. Assembly of the sequences and subsequent reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends generated a complete genome of 6,586 nucleotides. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that this virus, named astrovirus VA1 (AstV-VA1), is highly divergent from all previously described astroviruses. Based on RT-PCR, specimens from multiple patients in this outbreak were unequivocally positive for Ast-VA1.
Evaluation of a commercial gene probe for identification of Legionella cultures (1986)

Confirmation of a culture as Legionella when it is unreactive with available serologic reagents involves tests that are impractical in most clinical laboratories. A nucleic acid probe that hybridizes only to members of the genus Legionella was recently prepared for marketing by Gen-Probe, Inc., San Diego, Calif. We tested 215 Legionella strains, representing 22 species, and 84 non-Legionella strains, representing 17 bacterial genera, with the Gen-Probe kit. All but four Legionella strains (L. bozemanii, less than 2% of total) and no heterologous strains gave positive test results. We conclude that the Legionella gene probe is a valuable addition to existing diagnostic tests for Legionella organisms.
Evaluation of a Hadamard-coded photodiode-array spectrometer under low illumination (1994)

Hadamard spectrometers are well known for their multiplexing and/or throughput advantages. Traditionally these instruments require moving entrance and/or exit masks. The performance of a breadboard photodiode-array Hadamard transform spectrometer with a stationary entrance mask is evaluated against the same instrument configured with a single entrance slit. The higher throughput of the multislit, no-moving-parts instrument has provided a higher signal-to-noise ratio over the single-slit spectrometer in low-illumination conditions. Sources of noise are examined for the single-slit and multislit Hadamard instruments, and improvements for future designs are suggested.
An equine chromosome 3 inversion is associated with the tobiano spotting pattern in German horse breeds (2008)

The tobiano white-spotting pattern is one of several known depigmentation phenotypes in horses and is desired by many horse breeders and owners. The tobiano spotting phenotype is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Horses that are heterozygous or homozygous for the tobiano allele (To) are phenotypically indistinguishable. A SNP associated with To had previously been identified in intron 13 of the equine KIT gene and was used for an indirect gene test. The test was useful in several horse breeds. However, genotyping this sequence variant in the Lewitzer horse breed revealed that 14% of horses with the tobiano pattern did not show the polymorphism in intron 13 and consequently the test was not useful to identify putative homozygotes for To within this breed. Speculations were raised that an independent mutation might cause the tobiano spotting pattern in this breed. Recently, the putative causative mutation for To was described as a large chromosomal inversion on equine chromosome 3. One of the inversion breakpoints is approximately 70 kb downstream of the KIT gene and probably disrupts a regulatory element of the KIT gene. We obtained genotypes for the intron 13 SNP and the chromosomal inversion for 204 tobiano spotted horses and 24 control animals of several breeds. The genotyping data confirmed that the chromosomal inversion was perfectly associated with the To allele in all investigated horses. Therefore, the new test is suitable to discriminate heterozygous To/+ and homozygous To/To horses in the investigated breeds.
103 Diagnosis of Impulse Line Blockage with Differential Pressure Transmitter : Part 6: Blockage Detection at Air Line (2007)

Differential pressure transmitter with orifice is widely used in process automation system. Since the most frequent problem they present is blockage in impulse line, online blockage detection method is required. The authors developed an impulse-line blockage detection algorithm, which applied to non-compressible fluids in previous works. The purpose of the paper is to apply the detection algorithm to compressible fluid such as air, which is also used in process automation systems. The experimental result shows that proposed detection algorithm is able to detect blockage before measurement of differential pressure is affected by the blockage. In addition, it is evidenced that the blockage condition when differential pressure is affected by blockage is more slight degree in air line than that in water line.
Hollow-anode discharge with axial-magnetic field as an electron beam source (1988)

The hollow-anode discharge, with a hollow-anode aperture 0.5-mm i.d., on which the axial-magnetic field has been applied, is studied. From the hollow anode, outside the discharge tube, an intensive, narrow, and well-focused beam of fast electrons, more than 30 cm long, is obtained.
Targeted Transduction via CD4 by a Lentiviral Vector Uses a Clathrin-Mediated Entry Pathway (2009)

We recently developed a novel targeting Sindbis virus envelope pseudotyped lentiviral vector, 2.2ZZ, which acquires specific transduction capacity by antibody conjugation and binding with specific antigens on the surface of targeted cells. Here we characterize the virological properties of this vector by examining its targeting to CD4 antigen. Our results show that entry is dependent on CD4 cell surface density and occurs via the clathrin-mediated endocytic pathway. These findings provide insight into the mechanism of infection by a new viral vector with combined properties of Sindbis virus and lentiviruses and infectivity conferred by monoclonal antibody-ligand interactions.