gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Federal enforcement in group and individual health insurance markets. Final rule. (2005)

This rule makes final an interim final rule that details procedures we use for enforcing title XXVII of the Public Health Service Act as added by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, and as amended by the Mental Health Parity Act of 1996, the Newborns' and Mothers' Health Protection Act of 1996, and the Women's Health and Cancer Rights Act of 1998. Specifically, we are responsible for enforcing title XXVII requirements in States that do not enact the legislation necessary to enforce those requirements, or otherwise fail to substantially enforce the requirements. We are also responsible for taking enforcement actions against non-Federal governmental plans. The regulation describes the process we use in both enforcement contexts. This final rule deletes an appendix to the interim rule that listed examples of violations of title XXVII and corrects the description of a cross-reference, but makes no substantive changes to the interim final rule.
Induction of LOX‐1 and iNOS expressions by ischemia‐reperfusion of rat kidney and the opposing effect of L‐arginine (2003)

Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor (LOX-1) is a newly identified endothelial cell surface major receptor for oxidatively modified low-density lipoprotein. Progression of arthrosclerosis in the donor organ after organ transplantation is a major problem. We hypothesized that ischemia-reperfusion induces LOX-1. After 1 h ischemia of bilateral kidneys plus 3, 6, or 12 h reperfusion, we first revealed that LOX-1 mRNA expression was increased in renal cortex and medulla at 6 h after reperfusion, which was decreased by L-arginine supplement. Plasma nitric oxide (NO) end-product nitrite plus nitrate and inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression were increased after reperfusion of 6 h. However, NOS substrate L-arginine did not augment but markedly decreased plasma NO end product, because L-arginine supplement suppressed inducible NOS expression in kidney. We hypothesized that available L-arginine is depleted by ischemia-reperfusion, leading to inducible NOS induction. Ischemia decreased L-arginine levels in kidney and L-arginine supplement increased NO end products in renal cortex in the earliest phase of reperfusion. These results disclosed for the first time that a deficiency in L-arginine by ischemia reperfusion causes uncoupling of constitutive NOS, which induces inducible NOS and LOX-1, implying why L-arginine is effective for stroke or transplantation in preventing atherosclerotic progress.
The Multiplexing Gain of MIMO X-Channels with Partial Transmit Side-Information (2007)

In this paper, we obtain the scaling laws of the sum-rate capacity of a MIMO X-channel, a 2 independent sender, 2 independent receiver channel with messages from each transmitter to each receiver, at high signal to noise ratios (SNR). The X-channel has sparked recent interest in the context of cooperative networks and it encompasses the interference, multiple access, and broadcast channels as special cases. Here, we consider the case with partially cooperative transmitters in which asymmetric side-information (in the form of a codeword) is available at one of the transmitters. It is proved that when there are M antennas at all four nodes, the sum-rate scales like 2M log SNR which is in sharp contrast to lceillfloor4M/3rfloor, 4M/3rceil log SNR for non-cooperative X-channels [M. Maddah-Ali et al., 2006], [S.A. Jafar]. This further proves that, in terms of sum-rate scaling at high SNR, partial side-information at one of the transmitters and full side-information at both transmitters are equivalent in the MIMO X-channel.
Methods and theory (2012)

Volume I: Man, Context and Politics Volume II: Methods and Theory Volume III: Sociology of Religion
[Radioprotective action of natural carotene-containing preparations: research on karotinil in white rats]. (1988)

Evidence was obtained that beta-carotene injected to rats subcutaneously or per os two times, 4 h and 19 h, before irradiation reduced their death rate from acute affection. The effect was almost invariable with the drug administered either before or after irradiation. The radioprotective efficacy of beta-carotene was attributed to its ability to scavenge active oxygen forms.
Effect of Platelet Lysate on Human Cells Involved in Different Phases of Wound Healing (2013)

These data suggest the possibility of using allogeneic platelet lysate as both an alternative to growth factors commonly used for cell culture and as a tool for clinical regenerative application for wound healing.
High Yield Synthesis of Polyrotaxane Constructed from Pillar[5]arene and Viologen Polymer and Stabilization of Its Radical Cation (2010)

New polyrotaxane composed of pillar[5]arene and viologen polymer was successfully prepared with extremely high yield by capping the chain ends with adamantyl moieties. Pillar[5]arene and viologen polymer are soluble in various solvents such as acetone, acetonitrile, methanol, DMF, and DMSO, while the polyrotaxane was soluble in DMF and DMSO and insoluble in the other organic solvents. Formation of inter-molecular hydrogen bonds between the OH moieties of pillar[5]arenes stabilized the structure and reduced the solubility. The polyrotaxane exhibited a thermally induced color change from yellow to violet. On heating, the inter-molecular hydrogen bond became weakened, and the shuttling motion of pillar[5]arenes on the polymer axis was fast. Thus, efficient electron transfer from the electron donors of pillar[5]arenes to the electron acceptor of viologen polymer occurred in the whole polymer chain and the radical cation species were stabilized.
Use of Potential Gradients in Massive Hydraulic Fracture Mapping and Characterization (1976)

American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, Inc. Abstract Mapping of massive hydraulic fractures allows for their efficient use to stimulate natural gas production in tight formations. A mapping technique has been used by Sandia Laboratories in conjunction with industry in the Green River Basin at Pinedale, Wyoming and in the Wattenburg field near Denver, Colorado. Comparison of field data to model calculations shows that the electrical potential gradients produced by the direct electrical excitation of the produced by the direct electrical excitation of the fracture well and fracture fluid can be used to map and characterize massive hydraulic fractures. The direction and any asymmetry of the fracture can be determined. Introduction In April 1973, a special Natural Gas Technology Task Force issued a preliminary report on three major gas deposits in the Rocky Mountain region which cannot be exploited with current extraction techniques. The regions considered were the Green River Basin in Wyoming, the Piceance Basin in Colorado, and the Uinta Basin Piceance Basin in Colorado, and the Uinta Basin in Utah. The low permeability of the gas bearing sands in these basins dictates that extremely large fractures are required to provide adequate productivity. The report indicates that the gas deposits could be stimulated by massive hydraulic fracturing (MHF). Massive hydraulic fracturing stimulation consists of multi-stage sand and fluid injections that would potentially create long fractures (appx. 5000 ft.) over a large gross pay interval. To assess the efficiency of the MHF process, characterization information is needed on the azimuthal direction, length, and height of the permeable portion of the hydraulic fractures. In addition, for production application of MHF, similar information will be needed to affect optimum well placement to achieve overall efficient drainage. Sandia Laboratories is currently developing geophysical diagnostic techniques to characterize and map massive hydraulic fractures. These techniques include the use of passive seismic signals created by the fracturing and surface electrical potentials created by injecting current into the casing of the fracture well. In this paper, the modeling and field results of recent tests for the surface potential technique will be given. The electrical MHF mapping technique consists of measuring potential gradients at the surface of the earth. The potential gradients are a result of using the fracture well casing along with the associated fracture filled with a conducting fracture fluid as one current electrode and a distant well casing as the other current electrode.
12‐Lipoxygenase‐derived eicosanoids protect against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury <i>via</i> activation of neuronal TRPV1 (2007)

Recent evidence implicates the neuronal transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 1 (TRPV1), expressed on sensory C-fibers, as playing an important endogenous protective role in limiting the damaging effects of myocardial I/R injury. In neurons the 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) arachidonic acid (AA) metabolite, 12(S)-HpETE, has been proposed as the endogenous ligand for TRPV1. However, whether 12(S)-HpETE underlies TRPV1 channel activation during I/R is unknown. Treatment of isolated Langendorff rat hearts with a 12-LOX/AA cocktail significantly attenuated I/R injury (approximately 40% inhibition of infarct size), an effect reversed by the 12-LOX inhibitor baicalein or after chemical desensitization of local sensory C-fiber afferents using capsaicin. Both 12(S)-HpETE and AA caused dose-dependent coronary vasodilatation (approximately EC50s of 6x10(-19) and 1x10(-7), respectively) that was profoundly suppressed by the TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine, in hearts of TRPV1 knockout mice compared with wild-type mice, or by treatment with a CGRP antagonist. In addition, I/R itself stimulates up-regulation of TRPV1 expression in both the cell bodies located within the dorsal root ganglia and locally within the myocardium. Together, our data identify a novel 12-LOX/AA/TRPV1 pathway activated and up-regulated during I/R injury, providing an endogenous damage-limiting mechanism whose targeting may prove useful in treating myocardial infarction.
Modeling a Million-Node Dragonfly Network Using Massively Parallel Discrete-Event Simulation (2012)

A low-latency and low-diameter interconnection network will be an important component of future exascale architectures. The dragonfly network topology, a two-level directly connected network, is a candidate for exascale architectures because of its low diameter and reduced latency. To date, small-scale simulations with a few thousand nodes have been carried out to examine the dragonfly topology. However, future exascale machines will have millions of cores and up to 1 million nodes. In this paper, we focus on the modeling and simulation of large-scale dragonfly networks using the Rensselaer Optimistic Simulation System (ROSS). We validate the results of our model against the cycle-accurate simulator “booksim”. We also compare the performance of booksim and ROSS for the dragonfly network model at modest scales. We demonstrate the performance of ROSS on both the Blue Gene/P and Blue Gene/Q systems on a dragonfly model with up to 50 million nodes, showing a peak event rate of 1.33 billion events/second and a total of 872 billion committed events. The dragonfly network model for million-node configurations strongly scales when going from 1,024 to 65,536 MPI tasks on IBM Blue Gene/P and IBM Blue Gene/Q systems. We also explore a variety of ROSS tuning parameters to get optimal results with the dragonfly network model.
RAIM method for improvement on GNSS reliability and integrity (2009)

With the potential of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) to be the sole-means in civil aviation and other navigation fields, integrity and related techniques become more important among which many researches focus on receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM) referring to independent integrity monitoring of GNSS without any external assistant navigation facilities. Therefore, the performances of RAIM have to be studied in order to assure the measurements quality. Usually, RAIM algorithm includes two parts: one is detecting existence of the faulty and the other is isolating the identified faulty SVs. Many researches have been done with the detecting algorithm and isolating algorithm, however, these two parts have close relationship with each other and affect the performance mutually through some key parameters. A RAIM method is proposed to assure the reliability based on mutual effect among the key parameters. Basic integrity monitoring requirements and RAIM requirements are introduced to satisfy different mode during aviation. Then key statistics are studied in RAIM algorithm, subsequently, it is found there are mutual constrains among false alarm rate, detection rate, positioning standard deviation in both detecting procedure and isolation procedure, so do non-central statistics and geometry. Reliability of the monitoring performance is studied from availability, internal and external reliability, and mutual reliability besides related factors being affected by real-time constellation geometry. The proposed RAIM method can better assure the availability and reliability theoretically. Related simple simulations are carried out and analyzed to prove the mutual detecting method primarily.
Pivotal Tuning for Latent-based Editing of Real Images (2022)

Recently, numerous facial editing techniques have been proposed that leverage the generative power of a pretrained StyleGAN. To successfully edit an image this way, one must first project (or invert) the image into the pretrained generator’s domain. As it turns out, StyleGAN’s latent space induces an inherent tradeoff between distortion and editability, i.e., between maintaining the original appearance and convincingly altering its attributes. Hence, it remains challenging to apply ID-preserving edits to real facial images. In this article, we present an approach to bridge this gap. The idea is Pivotal Tuning —a brief training process that preserves editing quality, while surgically changing the portrayed identity and appearance. In Pivotal Tuning Inversion, an initial inverted latent code serves as a pivot, around which the generator is fine-tuned. At the same time, a regularization term keeps nearby identities intact, to locally contain the effect. We further show that Pivotal Tuning also applies to accommodating for a multitude of faces, while introducing negligible distortion on the rest of the domain. We validate our technique through inversion and editing metrics and show preferable scores to state-of-the-art methods. Last, we present successful editing for harder cases, including elaborate make-up or headwear.
Metabolites of three marine sponges of the genus Plakortis (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetabolites of three marine sponges of the genus PlakortisDonald B. Stierle and D. John FaulknerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 17, 3396–3401Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01305a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01305a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views475Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A comparison of constrained trajectory segment models for large vocabulary speech recognition (1998)

This paper compares parametric and nonparametric constrained-mean trajectory segment models for large vocabulary speech recognition, extending distribution clustering techniques to handle polynomial mean trajectory models for robust parameter estimation. The parametric model has fewer free parameters and gives similar recognition performance to the nonparametric model, but has higher recognition costs.
The NEDD8 Pathway Is Required for Proteasome-Mediated Degradation of Human Estrogen Receptor (ER)-α and Essential for the Antiproliferative Activity of ICI 182,780 in ERα-Positive Breast Cancer Cells (2003)

Steroid hormone receptors, including estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha), are ligand-activated transcription factors, and hormone binding leads to depletion of receptor levels via preteasome-mediated degradation. NEDD8 (neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally down-regulated) is an ubiquitin-like protein essential for protein processing and cell cycle progression. We recently demonstrated that ubiquitin-activating enzyme (Uba)3, the catalytic subunit of the NEDD8-activating enzyme, inhibits ERalpha transcriptional activity. Here we report that Uba3-mediated inhibition of ERalpha transactivation function is due to increased receptor protein turnover. Coexpression of Uba3 with ERalpha increased receptor degradation by the 26S proteasome. Inhibition of NEDD8 activation and conjugation diminished polyubiquitination of ERalpha and blocked proteasome-mediated degradation of receptor protein. The antiestrogen ICI 182,780 is known to induce ER degradation. In human MCF7 breast cancer cells modified to contain a disrupted NEDD8 pathway, ICI 182,780 degradation of ERalpha was impaired, and the antiestrogen was ineffective at inhibiting cell proliferation. This study provides the first evidence linking nuclear receptor degradation with the NEDD8 pathway and the ubiquitin-proteasome system, suggesting that the two pathways can act together to modulate ERalpha turnover and cellular responses to estrogens. Based on our observation that an intact NEDD8 pathway is essential for the antiproliferation activity of the ICI 182,780 in ERalpha positive breast cancer cells, we propose that disruptions in the NEDD8 pathway provide a mechanism by which breast cancer cells acquire antiestrogen resistance while retaining expression of ERalpha.
Capacity analysis for a WDM fiber-radio backbone incorporating wavelength-interleaving (2002)

We have investigated network capacity limitations for star-tree WDM mm-wave fiber-radio systems incorporating wavelength-interleaving technique to increase optical spectral efficiency. A model was developed based on link budget calculations to provide estimations of the network capacity which can also be utilized to find the optimum network architecture in conjunction with other factors such as cost. It was found that a completely passive feeder network offers simplicity however is limited by a maximum network reach of 9 km. A pre-amplification arrangement enables a centralized control architecture, however amplifier saturation effects limit the System capacity to 100 channels with a network reach of 50 km. Incorporating an amplified RN architecture (post-amplification) significantly increases the overall capacity however increased cost and network management complexity trade-offs must be also take into account.
A Dual-Band High-Gain Base-Station Antenna for WLAN and WiMAX Applications (2014)

A dual-band base-station antenna with high gain is proposed in this letter. The antenna consists of a pair of planar patches and vertical shorted patches. Each of the two planar patches is composed of three U-shaped slots that differ in size. The bigger U-shaped slots that are connected to vertical patches operate at high frequency (3.5 GHz), and the smaller ones work at low frequency (2.4 GHz), which can be applied to wireless local area network (WLAN) and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) operations. This antenna also exhibits high gains of near 8.0 and 11.0 dBi at the low and high working frequencies, respectively. Good cross-polarization performance is also verified by measured results. It is also demonstrated that the two working bands can be flexibly controlled by suitable changes of corresponding parameters of U-shaped arms.
Compound K derived from ginseng: neuroprotection and cognitive improvement (2016)

The evidence for the neuroprotective and cognitive effects of compound K, a metabolite biotransformed from ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, and Rc, is reviewed here. Compound K is more bioavailable than other ginsenosides and therefore has greater potential to exert bioactive functions in the body. Although the capability of compound K to cross the blood-brain barrier is not clear, it has been reported to have neuroprotective and cognition enhancing effects and decrease inflammatory biomarkers in animal models of Alzheimer's disease and cerebral ischemia. The plethora of potential health benefits of compound K warrants further research to evaluate its biochemical mechanisms and its ability to protect healthy populations from neurodegenerative diseases.
Structural basis of transmembrane coupling of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (2020)

The prefusion conformation of HIV-1 envelope protein (Env) is recognized by most broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). Studies showed that alterations of its membrane-related components, including the transmembrane domain (TMD) and cytoplasmic tail (CT), can reshape the antigenic structure of the Env ectodomain. Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, we determine the structure of an Env segment encompassing the TMD and a large portion of the CT in bicelles. The structure reveals that the CT folds into amphipathic helices that wrap around the C-terminal end of the TMD, thereby forming a support baseplate for the rest of Env. NMR dynamics measurements provide evidences of dynamic coupling across the TMD between the ectodomain and CT. Pseudovirus-based neutralization assays suggest that CT-TMD interaction preferentially affects antigenic structure near the apex of the Env trimer. These results explain why the CT can modulate the Env antigenic properties and may facilitate HIV-1 Env-based vaccine design.
Effects of<i> Sporidiobolus pararoseus</i> Y16 on Postharvest Blue Mold Decay and the Defense Response of Apples (2018)

The efficacy of Sporidiobolus pararoseus Y16 in controlling postharvest blue mold caused by Penicillium expansum on apples and the defense response involved were evaluated. The results suggested that the decay incidence of blue mold of apples treated by S. pararoseus Y16 was significantly reduced compared with the control. In vitro testing indicated that germination of spores and germ tube length of P. expansum were markedly inhibited by S. pararoseus Y16. Meanwhile, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), and catalase (CAT) activities and several pathogenesis-related (PR) gene expression levels (including PR3, PR4, PR5, and PR9 ) were determined. In apples, the activities of PPO, POD, CAT, and PAL were significantly induced by S. pararoseus Y16 treatment compared with the control fruits. The relative expression levels of PR3 and PR4 were significantly induced at 4 and 6 d, while PR5 was significantly induced at 4 and 6 d and PR9 was significantly induced at 4 d. Therefore, the reduction in apple fruit decay by S. pararoseus Y16 treatment could be related to the increased activities of related enzymes and proteins involved in the defense against pathogens, which suggest that S. pararoseus Y16 is a potential antagonistic yeast.