gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differential expression of somatostatin receptor subtypes in brain (1992)

The tetradecapeptide somatostatin has been implicated as an important regulator of neuronal and neuroendocrine function in the CNS. The cellular actions of somatostatin are mediated by specific receptors. The genes encoding two different somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) have been isolated and characterized, and RNA blotting studies have shown that both SSTR1 and SSTR2 are expressed in the brain. In order to gain a better understanding of the functions of somatostatin in the CNS, the distribution of SSTR1 and SSTR2 mRNAs was determined using the technique of in situ hybridization. SSTR1 mRNA was present throughout the mouse brain, particularly in the supra- and infragranular layers of the cortex, the amygdala, hippocampus, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, substantia innominata, hypothalamus, pretectum, substantia nigra, parabrachial nucleus, and nucleus of the solitary tract. SSTR2 mRNA was primarily observed in the infragranular layers of the cortex, the amygdala, claustrum, endopiriform nucleus, arcuate and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus, and medial habenular nucleus. Several regions of the brain reported to contain dense somatostatin-like immunoreactive terminal fields and receptor binding sites were devoid of both SSTR1 and SSTR2 mRNA, suggesting the existence of additional SSTR subtypes.
A new heart-sounds gating device for medical imaging (1992)

A heart-sounds gating device has been designed and tested which identifies, individually, both the first (S1) and second (S2) heart sound from their timing relationship, providing two trigger points through the cardiac cycle for synchronizing medical images. The new heart-sounds gate utilizes dynamically varying timing windows to anticipate the occurrence of S1 and S2. The heart-sounds gate has been initially applied to nuclear imaging of the cardiac bloodpool, but may be applied to any imaging modality requiring cardiac synchronization.
Automatic radial distortion correction in zoom lens video camera (2010)

We present a novel method for automatically correcting the radial lens distortion in a zoom lens video camera system. We first define the zoom lens distortion model using an inherent characteristic of the zoom lens. Next, we sample some video frames with different focal lengths and estimate their radial distortion parameters and focal lengths. We then optimize the zoom lens distortion model with preestimated parameter pairs using the least-squares method. For more robust optimization, we divide the sample images into two groups according to distortion types (i.e., barrel and pincushion) and then separately optimize the zoom lens distortion models with respect to divided groups. Our results show that the zoom lens distortion model can accurately represent the radial distortion of a zoom lens.
Surface Modification of Polymeric Biomaterials with Poly(ethylene oxide) (1993)

Surface modification with hydrophilic polymers, such as poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), has been beneficial in improving the blood compatibility of polymeric biomaterials. Surface-bound PEO is expected to prevent plasma protein adsorption, platelet adhesion, and bacterial adhesion by the steric repulsion mechanism. PEO-rich surfaces have been prepared either by physical adsorption, or by covalent grafting to the surface. Physically adsorbed PEO homopolymers and copolymers are not very effective since they can be easily displaced from the surface by plasma proteins and cells. Covalent grafting, on the other hand, provides a permanent layer of PEO on the surface. Various methods of PEO grafting to the surface and their effect on plasma protein adsorption, platelet adhesion, and bacterial adhesion is discussed.
TPIP: a novel phosphoinositide 3-phosphatase (2001)

The PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10) tumour suppressor is a phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate [PtdIns(3,4,5)P3] 3-phosphatase that plays a critical role in regulating many cellular processes by antagonizing the phosphoinositide 3-kinase signalling pathway. We have identified and characterized two human homologues of PTEN, which differ with respect to their subcellular localization and lipid phosphatase activities. The previously cloned, but uncharacterized, TPTE (transmembrane phosphatase with tensin homology) is localized to the plasma membrane, but lacks detectable phosphoinositide 3-phosphatase activity. TPIP (TPTE and PTEN homologous inositol lipid phosphatase) is a novel phosphatase that occurs in several differentially spliced forms of which two, TPIPα and TPIPβ, appear to be functionally distinct. TPIPα displays similar phosphoinositide 3-phosphatase activity compared with PTEN against PtdIns(3,4,5)P3, PtdIns(3,5)P2, PtdIns(3,4)P2 and PtdIns(3)P, has N-terminal transmembrane domains and appears to be localized on the endoplasmic reticulum. This is unusual as most signalling-lipid-metabolizing enzymes are not integral membrane proteins. TPIPβ, however, lacks detectable phosphatase activity and is cytosolic. TPIP has a wider tissue distribution than the testis-specific TPTE, with specific splice variants being expressed in testis, brain and stomach. TPTE and TPIP do not appear to be functional orthologues of the Golgi-localized and more distantly related murine PTEN2. We suggest that TPIPα plays a role in regulating phosphoinositide signalling on the endoplasmic reticulum, and might also represent a tumour suppressor and functional homologue of PTEN in some tissues.
Preparation and Study of Oral Galenic Forms by Dispersing into Eudragit/Matrix a Polyacryloyl-Acetylsalicylic Anhyride (1989)

Oral galenic forms able to control the drug release in stomach are prepared and studied in this paper. A branched polymer is dispersed in a biocompatible polymer as Eudragit. A Polyanhydride is chosen for this branched polymer and it is obtained by reacting the anhydride with the drug and then polymerizing this branched monomer. The process of release of drug is studied by using in vitro tests with synthetic gastric liquid. The process is proved to be controlled by transient diffusion of the liquid into and the drug out of the galenic form, with contant diffusivities. A simple mathematical model is thus able to describe both these matter transfers. Moreover, the branched pulymer itself exhibits a retardancy in the release of drug which is also controlled by diffusion. This retardancy can be of interest, especially in case of accident when the galenic form is broken in the patient's mouth and chewed.
Screening and identification of significant genes related to tumor metastasis and PSMA in prostate cancer using microarray analysis (2013)

Tumor metastasis is one of the causes for the high mortality rate of prostate cancer (PCa) patients, yet the molecular mechanisms of PCa metastasis are not fully understood. In our previous studies, we found that PSMA suppresses the metastasis of PCa, yet the underlying mechanism remains unknown. To identify the genes related to tumor metastasis possibly regulated by PSMA, we performed tumor metastasis PCR array assay to analyze the differentially expressed tumor metastasis-related genes. Eighty-four tumor metastasis related genes were screened in si-PSMA LNCap cells (PSMA silenced by siRNA)/LNCap cells and in PC-3/LNcap cells, respectively. Expression levels of possible related genes were verified by real-time PCR in 4 prostate cancer cell lines (LNCap, 22RV1, PC-3 and DU145) and in 85 clinical samples (12 normal, 26 benign prostatic hypertrophy and 47 prostate cancer tissues). The results showed that 10 genes (including CDH6 and CXCL12) were upregulated and 4 genes (CCL7, ITGB3, MDM2 and MMP2) were downregulated in the si-PSMA LNCap cells. There were 41 genes significantly upregulated and 15 genes downregulated in PC-3 cells when compared with LNCap cells. Eight common genes were found in both the si-PSMA and PSMA(-) groups. CDH6, MMP3, MTSS1 were further identified as PSMA-related genes in the prostate cancer cell lines and clinical samples, and their expression showed a negative correlation with the stage of prostate cancer (P<0.0001) and PSMA level (P<0.05) in clinical samples, indicating their possible involvement in PSMA-related PCa metastasis regulation. These findings may provide insights into the mechanism involved in the suppression of PCa metastasis by PSMA and its possible interacting proteins, and may provide clues for further exploration of the molecular mechanism of PCa metastasis.
Turbo Coding Protection of Compressed Domain Watermarking Channel (2005)

The aim of compression in general is to reduce information spatial and temporal redundancy from the data. From a watermarking point of view, it reduces the watermark insertion space and power of the embedded signal. This paper describes a watermarking scheme based on the spread spectrum paradigm with capacity enhancement using a state-of-the-art error correction technique - turbo coding. A new watermark composition with random spreading of watermarking bits through the video frames, amplitude adjustment in DCT domain and bit-rate preserving is proposed. However, it was essential to introduce an error correction technique in order to achieve reasonable capacity levels and robustness. In addition, experimental results on perceptibility and robustness on transcoding are presented
Retinoic acid receptor‐α signalling antagonizes both intracellular and extracellular amyloid‐β production and prevents neuronal cell death caused by amyloid‐β (2010)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition in the brain, neuronal cell loss and cognitive decline. We show here that retinoic acid receptor (RAR)α signalling in vitro can prevent both intracellular and extracellular Aβ accumulation. RARα signalling increases the expression of a disintegrin and metalloprotease 10, an α-secretase that processes the amyloid precursor protein into the non-amyloidic pathway, thus reducing Aβ production. We also show that RARα agonists are neuroprotective, as they prevent Aβ-induced neuronal cell death in cortical cultures. If RARα agonists are given to the Tg2576 mouse, the normal Aβ production in their brains is suppressed. In contrast, neither RARβ nor γ-agonists affect Aβ production or Aβ-mediated neuronal cell death. Therefore, RARα agonists have therapeutic potential for the treatment of AD.
Monocular Visual-Inertial State Estimation for Mobile Augmented Reality (2017)

Mobile phones equipped with a monocular camera and an inertial measurement unit (IMU) are ideal platforms for augmented reality (AR) applications, but the lack of direct metric distance measurement and the existence of aggressive motions pose significant challenges on the localization of the AR device. In this work, we propose a tightly-coupled, optimization-based, monocular visual-inertial state estimation for robust camera localization in complex indoor and outdoor environments. Our approach does not require any artificial markers, and is able to recover the metric scale using the monocular camera setup. The whole system is capable of online initialization without relying on any assumptions about the environment. Our tightly-coupled formulation makes it naturally robust to aggressive motions. We develop a lightweight loop closure module that is tightly integrated with the state estimator to eliminate drift. The performance of our proposed method is demonstrated via comparison against state-of-the-art visual-inertial state estimators on public datasets and real-time AR applications on mobile devices. We release our implementation on mobile devices as open source software1.
Toward<i>in vitro</i>-to-<i>in vivo</i>translation of monoclonal antibody pharmacokinetics: Application of a neonatal Fc receptor-mediated transcytosis assay to understand the interplaying clearance mechanisms (2017)

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are a rapidly growing drug class for which great efforts have been made to optimize certain molecular features to achieve the desired pharmacokinetic (PK) properties. One approach is to engineer the interactions of the mAb with the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) by introducing specific amino acid sequence mutations, and to assess their effect on the PK profile with in vivo studies. Indeed, FcRn protects mAbs from intracellular degradation, thereby prolongs antibody circulation time in plasma and modulates its systemic clearance. To allow more efficient and focused mAb optimization, in vitro input that helps to identify and quantitatively predict the contribution of different processes driving non-target mediated mAb clearance in vivo and supporting translational PK modeling activities is essential. With this aim, we evaluated the applicability and in vivo-relevance of an in vitro cellular FcRn-mediated transcytosis assay to explain the PK behavior of 25 mAbs in rat or monkey. The assay was able to capture species-specific differences in IgG-FcRn interactions and overall correctly ranked Fc mutants according to their in vivo clearance. However, it could not explain the PK behavior of all tested IgGs, indicating that mAb disposition in vivo is a complex interplay of additional processes besides the FcRn interaction. Overall, the transcytosis assay was considered suitable to rank mAb candidates for their FcRn-mediated clearance component before extensive in vivo testing, and represents a first step toward a multi-factorial in vivo clearance prediction approach based on in vitro data.
Method for nondestructive fuel assay of laser fusion targets (2023)

A method for nondestructively determining the deuterium and tritium content of laser fusion targets by counting the x rays produced by the interaction of tritium beta particles with the walls of the microballoons used to contain the deuterium and tritium gas mixture under high pressure. The x rays provide a direct measure of the tritium content and a means for calculating the deuterium content using the initial known D-T ratio and the known deuterium and tritium diffusion rates.
Super-resolution using POCS-based reconstruction with artifact reduction constraints (2005)

In this paper, we propose a super-resolution (SR) algorithm for reconstructing a high-resolution (HR) image from multiple low-resolution (LR) sequence images, in which the projection onto convex sets (POCS) algorithm is employed with artifact reduction constraints. In real dynamic sequences having the object-motion occlusion or relatively large motions, artifact reduction as well as enhancement of image quality is needed. The proposed POCS-based algorithm reduces the degradation caused by the motion compensation (MC) error, where the motion confidence map is used to find the LR pixel with a relatively small MC error. The decision bound in the motion confidence map corresponds to the bound in residual computation in the conventional POCS algorithm. Also, the proposed algorithm utilizes the directional information at edges in reconstructing the SR image, in which the four-directional projection function is used to resolve the desired SR pixel. Finally, the over-compensation is avoided in the iteration process by adding the appropriate constraint. Experimental results with several test sequences show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Development of a real-time PCR method for<i>Firmicutes</i>and<i>Bacteroidetes</i>in faeces and its application to quantify intestinal population of obese and lean pigs (2008)

The real-time PCR assays developed for Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes will be useful for investigating the composition of gut microbiota.
Long-range depth imaging using a single-photon detector array and non-local data fusion (2019)

The ability to measure and record high-resolution depth images at long stand-off distances is important for a wide range of applications, including connected and automotive vehicles, defense and security, and agriculture and mining. In LIDAR (light detection and ranging) applications, single-photon sensitive detection is an emerging approach, offering high sensitivity to light and picosecond temporal resolution, and consequently excellent surface-to-surface resolution. The use of large format CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) single-photon detector arrays provides high spatial resolution and allows the timing information to be acquired simultaneously across many pixels. In this work, we combine state-of-the-art single-photon detector array technology with non-local data fusion to generate high resolution three-dimensional depth information of long-range targets. The system is based on a visible pulsed illumination system at a wavelength of 670 nm and a 240 × 320 array sensor, achieving sub-centimeter precision in all three spatial dimensions at a distance of 150 meters. The non-local data fusion combines information from an optical image with sparse sampling of the single-photon array data, providing accurate depth information at low signature regions of the target.
DNA metabolism gene CDC7 from yeast encodes a serine (threonine) protein kinase. (1990)

The yeast Cdc7 protein is indispensable to initiation of nuclear DNA replication, based on the phenotype of the conditional, temperature-sensitive (ts) cdc7 mutants at the restrictive temperature. This protein has likewise been implicated in commitment to meiotic DNA recombination and induced mutagenesis, which may result from error-prone DNA repair. Our previous work revealed sequence similarity between the Cdc7 protein and known protein kinases. To determine whether it possesses kinase activity, we have immunoprecipitated the protein from Cdc7-overproducing yeast cells by using polyclonal antibodies raised against a nondenatured beta-galactosidase-Cdc7 fusion protein. In this report, we demonstrate that Cdc7 immune complexes are capable of phosphorylating mammalian histone H1 on serine and/or threonine residues. Immune complexes derived from cells harboring the cdc7-2 ts mutant gene on a high copy number plasmid possess a thermolabile kinase activity. Thus, we postulate that Cdc7 may regulate the various DNA metabolic pathways by phosphorylating one or more target substrates. Because Cdc7 kinase acts downstream of Cdc28/cdc2 kinase function at "start," the transition from G1 to S phase in the cell cycle may be the result of a cascade of protein phosphorylation.
Noniterative quality phase-gradient autofocus (QPGA) algorithm for spotlight SAR imagery (1998)

The phase-gradient autofocus (PGA) technique is robust over a wide range of imagery and phase error functions, but the convergence usually requires four-six iterations. It is necessarily iterative in an attempt to converge on a dominant target against clutter interference, while sufficiently capturing the blur function. The authors propose to speed the estimation convergence by selectively increasing the pool of quality synchronization sources and not be limited by the range pixels of the SAR map. This is highly probable since each range bin contains more than one prominent scatterer across the integration aperture. It is also highly probable that the least-brightest selected scatterer in a range gate may turn out to be of higher energy as compared to the maximum brightest scatterer of another gate. With appropriate target filtering to final select the quality scatterers out of the large pool and with higher order phase error measurement tool, the new algorithm achieves near-convergence focusing quality without iteration. The authors named this solution the quality PGA (QPGA) algorithm.
Electrocatalytic Electrodes for the Polysulfide Redox System (1980)

Porous electrocatalytic electrodes for the polysulfide redox system, containing one of various metallic sulfides (especially of Co, Cu, Pb) are described. Emphasis is placed on their use as counterelectrodes in photoelectrochemical cells employing polysulfide electrolytes. Their activity is measured as a function of electrolyte temperature and composition. The ratio of S to S2−, and through it the local redox potential of the solution, is shown to be an important factor controlling electrode activity. The short and long term stability of the electrodes, as cathodes, is discussed, and it is shown that, when used in conjunction with photoanodes, and may poison the photoelectrode surface, thereby reducing total cell efficiency.
Critical path tracing - an alternative to fault simulation (1988)

Article Free Access Share on Critical path tracing - an alternative to fault simulation Authors: M. Abramovici Bell Laboratories, Naperville, Illinois Bell Laboratories, Naperville, IllinoisView Profile , P. R. Menon Bell Laboratories, Naperville, Illinois Bell Laboratories, Naperville, IllinoisView Profile , D. T. Miller Bell Laboratories, Naperville, Illinois Bell Laboratories, Naperville, IllinoisView Profile Authors Info & Claims 25 years of DAC: Papers on Twenty-five years of electronic design automationJune 1988 Pages 468–474https://doi.org/10.1145/62882.62938Published:01 June 1988Publication History 5citation486DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations5Total Downloads486Last 12 Months104Last 6 weeks17 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Fluid Dynamics Phenomena in the Processes of Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis (1995)

Abstract An interesting phenomenon, later on termed solid flame, was discovered in 1967 by the author in collaboration with I. P. Borovinskaya and V. M. Shkiro. At that time, it was considered as an unconventional burning mode of solids yielding only solid reaction products with no gas or liquid. In the solid flames, the predominant transport processes are heat conduction and diffusion. Studies of solid flames resulted in the development of the method of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) of inorganic compounds and materials. The method has found wide practical applications and substantially extended the scope of scientific enquiry. Studies then were initiated on the processes of the solid flame type involving liquids and gases as reactants. Attention was paid to a wide class of reactions, in which solid products were formed via liquid or gaseous intermediates. In these processes, of importance are the more complicated modes of mass transfer, such as convection and filtration. Novel phenomena of the fluid dynamics nature have been found to occur in SHS waves. This paper is the first attempt to thoroughly consider and systematize the fluid dynamics phenomena taking place in the SHS waves of various types, such as gasless burning and the filtration- and condensation-controlled SHS processes. Also discussed are the phenomena of impurity degassing and self-purification, capillary spreading, gravitational impregnation, convective phase separation in multicomponent melts, surface and layer-by-layer burning, bifurcation and reflection of combustion fronts, filtration extinction, superadiabatic temperature rise, etc