gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Holistic optimization by prefetching query results (2012)

In this paper we address the problem of optimizing performance of database/web-service backed applications by means of automatically prefetching query results. Prefetching has been performed in earlier work based on predicting query access patterns; however such prediction is often of limited value, and can perform unnecessary prefetches. There has been some earlier work on program analysis and rewriting to automatically insert prefetch requests; however, such work has been restricted to rewriting of single procedures. In many cases, the query is in a procedure which does not offer much scope for prefetching within the procedure; in contrast, our approach can perform prefetching in a calling procedure, even when the actual query is in a called procedure, thereby greatly improving the benefits due to prefetching. Our approach does not perform any intrusive changes to the source code, and places prefetch instructions at the earliest possible points while avoiding wasteful prefetches. We have incorporated our techniques into a tool for holistic optimization called DBridge, to prefetch query results in Java programs that use JDBC. Our tool can be easily extended to handle Hibernate API calls as well as Web service requests. Our experiments on several real world applications demonstrate the applicability and significant performance gains due to our techniques.
Post-exercise Electrocardiogram Identification System Using Normalized Tachycardia Based on P, T Wave (2019)

Electrocardiograms are generated by electrical signals, and therefore individual electrocardiogram signals can vary according to the measurement environment that is created by the subjects' behavioral characteristics. Generally, post-exercise electrocardiograms that are used as biometric identification data do not match pre-exercise electrocardiograms owing to temporarily occurring tachycardia, and this reduces user identification performance. Research is being conducted on normalization techniques that make the post-exercise electrocardiograms match the pre-exercise electrocardiograms, but there have been problems caused by the distortion of morphological features such as P waves, QRS complexes, and T waves. To address problem, this study looked at the measurements of electrocardiograms before and after exercise and performed linear interpolation normalization on the P and T waves of a post-exercise tachycardia electrocardiogram cycle to make it match the pre-exercise electrocardiogram cycle. This study also proposes a user recognition system based on this technique. To analyze the proposed system's performance, the lead-I electrocardiogram signals of 20 subjects were measured three times at 2- to 3-day intervals before and after exercise, and a database was constructed. The experiment results showed that the conventional algorithm's maximum recognition performance was 88.33%, and the proposed normalization method's performance was 91.67%. A combined method was found to be both excellent and similar to the proposed method, with a performance of 92.5%.
African Swine Fever Virus Protein p54 Interacts with the Microtubular Motor Complex through Direct Binding to Light-Chain Dynein (2001)

Dynein is a minus-end-directed microtubule-associated motor protein involved in cargo transport in the cytoplasm. African swine fever virus (ASFV), a large DNA virus, hijacks the microtubule motor complex cellular transport machinery during virus infection of the cell through direct binding of virus protein p54 to the light chain of cytoplasmic dynein (LC8). Interaction of p54 and LC8 occurs both in vitro and in cells, and the two proteins colocalize at the microtubular organizing center during viral infection. p50/dynamitin, a dominant-negative inhibitor of dynein-dynactin function, impeded ASFV infection, suggesting an essential role for dynein during virus infection. A 13-amino-acid domain of p54 was sufficient for binding to LC8, an SQT motif within this domain being critical for this binding. Direct binding of a viral structural protein to LC8, a small molecule of the dynein motor complex, could constitute a molecular mechanism for microtubule-mediated virus transport.
Cryptic plasmids from<i>Lactobacillus helveticus</i>and their evolutionary relationship (1994)

Three different cryptic plasmids from Lactobacillus helveticus have been identified and their DNA sequences determined. Analysis and comparisons of their primary structures revealed stretches of DNA with considerable homology. Thus, large portions of the plasmid non-coding sequences were conserved at 80-90% identity between the different plasmids identified so far in L. helveticus. Nevertheless, different plasmids found in a same host strain utilise different genes of replication, probably acquired during evolution from different replicons from Gram-positive bacterial origins. A remnant structure of such a possible genetic integration of a foreign replication gene into one of the plasmids of L. helveticus was identified.
Reusing a statistical language model for generation (2001)

A relatively self-contained subtask of natural language generation is sentence realization: the process of generating a grammatically correct sentence from an abstract semantic / logical representation. We propose a method where sentence realization is carried out using a simplified (context free) version of a large analysis grammar, combined with a statistical language model from the full (context sensitive) version of the same grammar. The statistical model provides a measure of the probability of syntactic substructures, derived from the analysis of a corpus with the full grammar, and is used to guide both subsequent analysis and generation.
Comprehensive analysis of microRNA profiles in multiple sclerosis including next-generation sequencing (2013)

This study identifies a set of miRNAs deregulated in CIS/RRMS and reconfirms the previously reported underexpression of hsa-miR-20a-5p in MS. hsa-miR-20a-5p and the other validated miRNAs may represent promising candidates for future evaluation as biomarkers for MS and could be of relevance in the pathophysiology of this disease.
A multi-state memory device based on the unidirectional spin Hall magnetoresistance (2017)

We report on a memory device concept based on the recently discovered unidirectional spin Hall magnetoresistance (USMR), which can store multiple bits of information in a single ferromagnetic heterostructure. We show that the USMR with possible contribution of Joule heating-driven magnetothermal effects in ferromagnet/normal metal/ferromagnet (FM/NM/FM) trilayers gives rise to four different 2nd harmonic resistance levels corresponding to four magnetization states (⇉, ⇄, ⇆, ⇇) in which the system can be found. Combined with the possibility of controlling the individual FMs by spin-orbit torques, we propose that it is possible to build an all-electrical lateral two-terminal multi-bit-per-cell memory device.
Correction of rotational inaccuracy in lateral shearing interferometry for freeform measurement (2013)

A lateral shearing interferometer has an advantage over previous wavefront measuring interferometers since it requires no reference. Therefore the lateral shearing interferometer can be a powerful solution to measure a freeform surface. It, however, has some issues to be resolved before it can be implemented. One of them is the orthogonality problem between two shearing directions in LSI. Previous wavefront reconstruction algorithms assume that the shearing directions are perfectly orthogonal to each other and lateral shear is obtained simultaneously in the sagittal and tangential directions. For practical LSI, however, there is no way to guarantee perfect orthogonality between two shearing directions. Motivated by this, we propose a new algorithm that is able to compensate the rotational inaccuracy. The mathematical model is derived in this paper. Computer simulations and experiments are also displayed to verify our algorithm.
Aperture weighted cardiac cone-beam reconstruction using retrospective ECG gating (2004)

Modern multislice CT systems with a fast rotating gantry are particularly suitable for cardiac volume imaging. Due to the cone angle, true 3D back-projection algorithms deliver superior image quality compared with 2D techniques. We propose a true cone-beam reconstruction algorithm making use of the maximum amount of the measured data in combination with retrospective cardiac gating. Results are presented on a patient data set, which has been acquired using a 16-slice CT system.
Design and development of enhanced extraction biosensors based on photonic crystal slabs (2008)

Enhanced extraction of molecular fluorescence as provided by photonic crystal slabs is studied. An enhanced extraction biosensor capable of boosting fluorescence output in the detection of the cytokine TNF-alpha by over 20x is demonstrated.
Inhibition of Neointima Formation through DNA Vaccination for Apolipoprotein(a): A New Therapeutic Strategy for Lipoprotein(a) (2013)

Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is an unique lipoprotein consisting of the glycoprotein apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)] in low-density lipoprotein. Although Lp(a) is a well-known independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease; however, there is no drugs to decrease plasma Lp(a) level. Thus, to inhibit the biological activity of Lp(a), we developed DNA vaccine for apo(a) by the targeting to the selected 12 hydrophilic amino acids in the kringle-4 type 2 domain of apo(a). Hepatitis B virus core protein was used as an epitope carrier to enhance the immunogenicity. Intramuscular immunization with apo(a) vaccine resulted in the significant inhibition of neointima formation in carotid artery ligation model using Lp(a) transgenic mice, associated with anti-apo(a) antibody and decrease in vascular Lp(a) deposition. Overall, this study provided the first evidence that the pro-atherosclerotic actions of Lp(a) could be prevented by DNA vaccine directed against apo(a), suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy to treat cardiovascular diseases related to high Lp(a).
Small, low-ohmic RF MEMS switches with thin-film package (2011)

We report on small, low-ohmic RF MEMS switches with a circular membrane actuator design. A low temperature process is used to manufacture both the MEMS switch as well as its hermetic, thin-film package resulting in a very small footprint device. The hermetic seal of the package significantly increases the switch lifetime and reliability. The switches demonstrate good RF performance and high switching speeds. A comparison with other MEMS switches reveals that these MEMS switches possess a low on-resistance while occupying only a very small area on the wafer.
<title>Sensor fusion: a preattentive vision approach</title> (2000)

Because different imaging sensors provide different signature cues to distinguish targets from backgrounds there has been a substantial amount of effort put into how to merge the information from different sensors. Unfortunately, when the imagery from two different sensors is combined the noise from each sensor is also combined in the resultant image. Additionally, attempts to enhance the target distinctness from the background also enhance the distinctness of false targets and clutter. Even so there has been some progress in trying to mimic the human vision capability by color contrast enhancement. But what has not been tried is how to mimic how the human vision system inherently does this sensor function of our color cone sensors. We do our sensor fusion in the pre- attentive phase of human vision. This requires the use of binocular stereo vision because we do have two eyes. In human vision the images from each eye are split in half, and the halves are sent to opposite sides of the brain for massively parallel processing. We don't know exactly how this process works, but the results is a visualization of the world that is 3D in nature. This process automatically combines the color, texture, and size and shape of the objects that make up the two images that our eyes produce. It significantly reduces noise and clutter in our visualization of the world. In this pre-attentive phase of human vision tha takes just an instant to accomplish, our human vision process has performed an extremely efficient fusion of cone imagery. This sensor fusion process has produced a scene where depth perception and surface contour cues are used to orient and distinguish objects in the scene before us. It is at this stage that we begin to attentively sort through the scene for objects or targets of interest. In many cases, however, the targets of interest have already been located because of their depth or surface contour cues. Camouflaged targets that blend perfectly into complex backgrounds may be made to pop out because of their depth cues. In this paper we will describe a new method termed RGB stereo sensor fusion that uses color coding of the separate pairs of sensor images fused to produce wide baseline stereo images that are displayed to observers for search and target acquisition. Performance enhancements for the technique are given as well as rationale for optimum color code selection. One important finding was that different colors (RGB) and different spatial frequencies are fused with different efficiencies by the binocular vision system.
Thymosin treatment of chronic hepatitis B: A placebo-controlled pilot trial (1991)

Chronic hepatitis B is a severe and frequently progressive disease. We assessed the safety and efficacy of thymosin fraction 5 and thymosin-alpha 1 in a prospective, placebo-controlled trial in 12 patients with chronic hepatitis B. All patients had histological and biochemical evidence of active liver disease for at least 6 mo before treatment and were positive for serum hepatitis B virus DNA and HBsAg. Seven patients received thymosin fraction 5 or thymosin-alpha 1 and five patients received placebo twice weekly for 6 mo. By the conclusion of the study (1 yr), serum aminotransferase levels had improved significantly in thymosin-treated patients, but not in the placebo group. Six (86%) of the thymosin treated patients and one (20%) patient given placebo cleared hepatitis B virus DNA from serum (p less than 0.04, Fisher's exact test). After treatment, replicative forms of hepatitis B virus DNA were present in the liver specimens of four of five placebo-treated patients but in only one of seven thymosin-treated patients (p less than 0.04, Fisher's exact test). Response to thymosin therapy was associated with significant improvements in peripheral blood lymphocyte and CD3 and CD4 counts and in in vitro production of interferon-gamma over initial values. No significant side effects were observed in patients given thymosin or in placebo-treated patients. Clinical, biochemical and serological improvement in patients responding to thymosin were sustained during 26 +/- 3 mo of follow-up. The results of this pilot trial suggest that thymosin therapy promotes disease remission and cessation of hepatitis B virus replication in patients with chronic viral infection.
Antiangiogenic Targeting Liposomes Increase Therapeutic Efficacy for Solid Tumors (2009)

It is known that solid tumors recruit new blood vessels to support tumor growth, but the molecular diversity of receptors in tumor angiogenic vessels might also be used clinically to develop better targeted therapy. In vivo phage display was used to identify peptides that specifically target tumor blood vessels. Several novel peptides were identified as being able to recognize tumor vasculature but not normal blood vessels in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice bearing human tumors. These tumor-homing peptides also bound to blood vessels in surgical specimens of various human cancers. The peptide-linked liposomes containing fluorescent substance were capable of translocating across the plasma membrane through endocytosis. With the conjugation of peptides and liposomal doxorubicin, the targeted drug delivery systems enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of the chemotherapeutic agent against human cancer xenografts by decreasing tumor angiogenesis and increasing cancer cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the peptide-mediated targeting liposomes improved the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug they delivered compared with nontargeting liposomes or free drugs. Our results indicate that the tumor-homing peptides can be used specifically target tumor vasculature and have the potential to improve the systemic treatment of patients with solid tumors.
Validation of Automated Monitoring of Cardiac Output for Biventricular Pacing Optimization (2010)

Biventricular pacing (BiVP) can increase cardiac output (CO) during acute failure of the left ventricle (LV) after cardiac surgery. This CO benefit is maximized by adjustment of atrioventricular (AVD) and interventricular (VVD) pacing delays. Real-time CO calculation could facilitate this optimization. Accordingly, we compared real-time automated analysis (AA) of CO with manual analysis (MA) in an animal model of pressure overload of the right ventricle (RV). In six anesthetized pigs, pacing leads were placed on the right atrium, RV, and LV. Complete heart block was induced with ethanol injection, and RV systolic pressure was doubled with a pulmonary artery snare. Atrioventricular pacing delay was varied over seven common values and VVD over nine, in random sequence. Two LV pacing sites (LVPS) were also tested. Aortic flow velocity, measured by ultrasonic flow probe, was integrated by AA and MA to calculate CO. Interexaminer Reliability Coefficient (IRC) was determined by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for two 10-second runs in each animal. Cardiac output-AVD and CO-VVD relations were similar for AA and MA. Interexaminer Reliability Coefficients were 0.997 and 0.994 for MA vs. AA. Automated analysis was available in real-time. Manual analysis was delayed at 2 hours or more. Automated analysis merits development for real-time optimization of intraoperative BiVP.
Automated measurement of centering errors and relative surface distances for the optimized assembly of micro-optics (2011)

For any kind of optical compound systems the precise geometric alignment of every single element according to the optical design is essential to obtain the desired imaging properties. In this contribution we present a measurement system for the determination of the complete set of geometric alignment parameters in assembled systems. The deviation of each center or curvature with respect to a reference axis is measured with an autocollimator system. These data are further processed in order to provide the shift and tilt of an individual lens or group of lenses with respect to a defined reference axis. Previously it was shown that such an instrument can measure the centering errors of up to 40 surfaces within a system under test with accuracies in the range of an arc second. In addition, the relative distances of the optical surfaces (center thicknesses of lens elements, air gaps in between) are optically determined in the same measurement system by means of low coherent interferometry. Subsequently, the acquired results can be applied for the compensation of the detected geometric alignment errors before the assembly is finally bonded (e.g., glued). The presented applications mainly include measurements of miniaturized lens systems like mobile phone optics. However, any type of objective lens from endoscope imaging systems up to very complex objective lenses used in microlithography can be analyzed with the presented measurement system.
Multi-resolution Dynamic Mode Decomposition for Foreground/Background Separation and Object Tracking (2015)

We demonstrate that the integration of the recently developed dynamic mode decomposition with a multi-resolution analysis allows for a decomposition of video streams into multi-time scale features and objects. A one-level separation allows for background (low-rank) and foreground (sparse) separation of the video, or robust principal component analysis. Further iteration of the method allows a video data set to be separated into objects moving at different rates against the slowly varying background, thus allowing for multiple-target tracking and detection. The algorithm is computationally efficient and can be integrated with many further innovations including compressive sensing architectures and GPU algorithms.
Characterization of a Mutant of <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i> Resistant to Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitors (1994)

A nuclear mutant of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (rs-3) is resistant to several herbicides which inhibit the enzyme protoporphyrinogen oxidase (Protox) in plants, including S-23142 [N-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-5-propargyloxy)-phenyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide], acifluorfenethyl, oxyfluorfen, and oxadiazon. Protox enzyme activity in Percoll-purified chloroplast thylakoids from rs-3 is less sensitive to S-23142 than that from wild type, indicating that the rs-3 mutation either directly or indirectly confers resistance on the enzyme. Genetic analysis of rs-3 showed that resistance results from a single dominant nuclear mutation that maps to linkage group IX, 13.7 and 12.3 map units from sr-1 and pf-16 respectively. Efforts to identify the resistance gene from a cosmid library of rs-3 nuclear DNA by transformation have yielded one S-23142 resistant isolate from the cell wall-less arginine-requiring strain CC-425 (arg-2, cw-15). Since no isolates resistant to S-23142 were seen in control experiments, this suggests that the resistant isolate is a transformant and that the rs-3 gene can be isolated by screening individual cosmid clones by transformation.
Stable Throughput of Cognitive Radios With and Without Relaying Capability (2007)

A scenario with two single-user links, one licensed to use the spectral resource (primary) and one unlicensed (secondary or cognitive), is considered. According to the cognitive radio principle, the activity of the secondary link is required not to interfere with the performance of the primary. Therefore, in this paper, it is assumed that the cognitive link accesses the channel only when sensed idle. Moreover, the analysis includes: (1) random packet arrivals; (2) sensing errors due to fading at the secondary link; (3) power allocation at the secondary transmitter based on long-term measurements. In this framework, the maximum stable throughput of the cognitive link (in packets/slot) is derived for a fixed throughput selected by the primary link. The model is modified so as to allow the secondary transmitter to act as a ldquotransparentrdquo relay for the primary link. In particular, packets that are not received correctly by the intended destination might be decoded successfully by the secondary transmitter. The latter can, then, queue and forward these packets to the intended receiver. A stable throughput of the secondary link with relaying is derived under the same conditions as before. Results show that benefits of relaying strongly depend on the topology (i.e., average channel powers) of the network.