gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lattice-Matched InGaAs–InAlAs Core–Shell Nanowires with Improved Luminescence and Photoresponse Properties (2015)

Core-shell nanowires (NW) have become very prominent systems for band engineered NW heterostructures that effectively suppress detrimental surface states and improve performance of related devices. This concept is particularly attractive for material systems with high intrinsic surface state densities, such as the low-bandgap In-containing group-III arsenides, however selection of inappropriate, lattice-mismatched shell materials have frequently caused undesired strain accumulation, defect formation, and modifications of the electronic band structure. Here, we demonstrate the realization of closely lattice-matched radial InGaAs-InAlAs core-shell NWs tunable over large compositional ranges [x(Ga)∼y(Al) = 0.2-0.65] via completely catalyst-free selective-area molecular beam epitaxy. On the basis of high-resolution X-ray reciprocal space maps the strain in the NW core is found to be insignificant (ε < 0.1%), which is further reflected by the absence of strain-induced spectral shifts in luminescence spectra and nearly unmodified band structure. Remarkably, the lattice-matched InAlAs shell strongly enhances the optical efficiency by up to 2 orders of magnitude, where the efficiency enhancement scales directly with increasing band offset as both Ga- and Al-contents increase. Ultimately, we fabricated vertical InGaAs-InAlAs NW/Si photovoltaic cells and show that the enhanced internal quantum efficiency is directly translated to an energy conversion efficiency that is ∼3-4 times larger as compared to an unpassivated cell. These results highlight the promising performance of lattice-matched III-V core-shell NW heterostructures with significant impact on future development of related nanophotonic and electronic devices.
Interrelationship-Based Selection for Decomposition Multiobjective Optimization (2014)

Multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition (MOEA/D), which bridges the traditional optimization techniques and population-based methods, has become an increasingly popular framework for evolutionary multiobjective optimization. It decomposes a multiobjective optimization problem (MOP) into a number of optimization subproblems. Each subproblem is handled by an agent in a collaborative manner. The selection of MOEA/D is a process of choosing solutions by agents. In particular, each agent has two requirements on its selected solution: one is the convergence toward the efficient front, the other is the distinction with the other agents' choices. This paper suggests addressing these two requirements by defining mutual-preferences between subproblems and solutions. Afterwards, a simple yet effective method is proposed to build an interrelationship between subproblems and solutions, based on their mutual-preferences. At each generation, this interrelationship is used as a guideline to select the elite solutions to survive as the next parents. By considering the mutual-preferences between subproblems and solutions (i.e., the two requirements of each agent), the selection operator is able to balance the convergence and diversity of the search process. Comprehensive experiments are conducted on several MOP test instances with complicated Pareto sets. Empirical results demonstrate the effectiveness and competitiveness of our proposed algorithm.
4D processing for towed streamers and sparse ocean-bottom nodes (2013)

The need for 4D co-processing of Towed Streamer (TS) and Ocean-Bottom Node (OBN) data occurs in time-lapse projects where production infrastructure is installed between baseline and monitor surveys. It can also occur early in a planned OBN time-lapse campaign where the first OBN survey uses a legacy TS exploration dataset as a baseline. However, TS and OBN surveys sample the wavefield in very different ways, particularly when the OBN array is sparse. Consequently, similarity of TS and OBN surface acquisition coordinates is not a good proxy for similar wavefield sampling, and is not an indicator of low levels of 4D noise. In this contribution the problem of 4D processing for TS and sparse OBN data is explored using combinations of decimation, interpolation, and redatuming to match the sampling and information properties of the two datasets. Results show that 4D noise levels are lowest when the matching method explicitly models the baseline and monitor wavefields in the subsurface. Accurate matching requires a significant increase of effort and technology over methods that consider only surface properties in the 4D matching algorithm.
Initiation and Use of Propranolol for Infantile Hemangioma: Report of a Consensus Conference (2012)

Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are common neoplasms composed of proliferating endothelial-like cells. Despite the relative frequency of IH and the potential severity of complications, there are currently no uniform guidelines for treatment. Although propranolol has rapidly been adopted, there is significant uncertainty and divergence of opinion regarding safety monitoring, dose escalation, and its use in PHACE syndrome (PHACE = posterior fossa, hemangioma, arterial lesions, cardiac abnormalities, eye abnormalities; a cutaneous neurovascular syndrome characterized by large, segmental hemangiomas of the head and neck along with congenital anomalies of the brain, heart, eyes and/or chest wall). A consensus conference was held on December 9, 2011. The multidisciplinary team reviewed existing data on the pharmacologic properties of propranolol and all published reports pertaining to the use of propranolol in pediatric patients. Workgroups were assigned specific topics to propose protocols on the following subjects: contraindications, special populations, pretreatment evaluation, dose escalation, and monitoring. Consensus protocols were recorded during the meeting and refined after the meeting. When appropriate, protocol clarifications and revision were made and agreed upon by the group via teleconference. Because of the absence of high-quality clinical research data, evidence-based recommendations are not possible at present. However, the team agreed on a number of recommendations that arose from a review of existing evidence, including when to treat complicated IH; contraindications and pretreatment evaluation protocols; propranolol use in PHACE syndrome; formulation, target dose, and frequency of propranolol; initiation of propranolol in infants; cardiovascular monitoring; ongoing monitoring; and prevention of hypoglycemia. Where there was considerable controversy, the more conservative approach was selected. We acknowledge that the recommendations are conservative in nature and anticipate that they will be revised as more data are made available.
Ce-Modified (Mn,Co)[sub 3]O[sub 4] Spinel Coatings on Ferritic Stainless Steels for SOFC Interconnect Applications (2008)

This paper reports the development of a coating approach that simultaneously achieves the advantages of conductive spinel coatings and of rare earth (RE) surface treatment on ferritic stainless steels for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) interconnect applications. This approach involves the modification of spinel coatings through addition of a RE element to the spinel composition. In particular, Ce-modified spinel coatings behaved similarly to unmodified spinel coatings by acting as a Cr-outward and O-inward diffusion barrier, thus improving the surface stability and electrical performance of ferritic stainless steel. In addition, the RE addition appeared to alter the scale growth behavior beneath the coating, so that alloy samples with the Ce-modified spinel coating exhibited a more adherent scale/metal interface compared to samples with the unmodified spinel coating. As a result, it is anticipated that compared to unmodified spinel coatings, the RE-modified coatings may lead to improved structural stability and electrical performance for ferritic stainless steel-based SOFC interconnects.
A 5V-only E<sup>2</sup> PROM using 1.5 µ lithography (1983)

A floating-gate E <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> PROM technology with 1.5μm design rules used to build a 5V-only 2K×8 E <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> PROM with a cell size of 270μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and chip area of 23,000 mil <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> will be described. Typical memory access is 200ns with 450mW power dissipation.
A new bit-allocation algorithm for AAC encoder based on linear prediction (2008)

This paper proposed a new bit-allocation algorithm based on linear prediction for AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) audio encoder. Initial value of bit-allocation information of current audio frame is calculated by linear prediction algorithm using the information of previous two audio frames. Because the number of iteration for bit-allocation module is high correlated with initial value of bit-allocation information, the number of iteration can be decreased by properly setting initial value of bitallocation information such as global scale factor. Therefore it has improved audio encoding performance while decreasing computational complexity of bit-allocation module. Implementation results show that our approach has decreased the number of iteration and increased AAC encoding speed.
Involvement of Rb family proteins, focal adhesion proteins and protein synthesis in senescent morphogenesis induced by hydrogen peroxide (2000)

Early passage human diploid fibroblasts develop senescent morphology prematurely within a week after a 2-hour pulse treatment with low or mild dose H(2)O(2). We test here the role of cell cycle checkpoints, cytoskeletal proteins and de novo protein synthesis in senescent morphogenesis following H(2)O(2) treatment. H(2)O(2) treatment causes transient elevation of p53 protein and prolonged inhibition of Rb hyperphosphorylation. Expression of human papillomaviral E6 gene prevented elevation of p53 but did not affect senescent morphogenesis. Expression of human papillomaviral E7 gene reduced the level of Rb protein and prevented induction of senescent morphology by H(2)O(2). The mutants of the E7 gene, in which the Rb family protein binding site was destroyed, could not reduce Rb protein or prevent H(2)O(2) from inducing senescent morphology. Senescent-like cells showed enhanced actin stress fibers. In untreated cells, vinculin and paxillin preferentially distributed along the edge of the cells. In contrast, vinculin and paxillin distributed randomly and sporadically throughout senescent-like cells. E7 expression prevented enhancement of actin filament formation and redistribution of vinculin or paxillin. Neither wild-type nor E7 cells showed changes in the protein level of actin, vinculin or paxillin measured by western blot after H(2)O(2) treatment. Finally, depletion of methionine in the culture medium after H(2)O(2) treatment prevented senescent morphogenesis without affecting dephosphorylation of Rb protein. Our results suggest that senescent morphology likely develops by a program involving activated Rb family proteins, enhancement of actin stress fibers, redistribution of focal adhesion proteins and de novo protein synthesis.
Activatable aptamer probe for contrast-enhanced in vivo cancer imaging based on cell membrane protein-triggered conformation alteration (2011)

Aptamers have emerged as promising molecular probes for in vivo cancer imaging, but the reported "always-on" aptamer probes remain problematic because of high background and limited contrast. To address this problem, we designed an activatable aptamer probe (AAP) targeting membrane proteins of living cancer cells and achieved contrast-enhanced cancer visualization inside mice. The AAP displayed a quenched fluorescence in its free state and underwent a conformational alteration upon binding to target cancer cells with an activated fluorescence. As proof of concept, in vitro analysis and in vivo imaging of CCRF-CEM cancer cells were performed by using the specific aptamer, sgc8, as a demonstration. It was confirmed that the AAP could be specifically activated by target cancer cells with a dramatic fluorescence enhancement and exhibit improved sensitivity for CCRF-CEM cell analysis with the cell number of 118 detected in 200 μl binding buffer. In vivo studies demonstrated that activated fluorescence signals were obviously achieved in the CCRF-CEM tumor sites in mice. Compared to always-on aptamer probes, the AAP could substantially minimize the background signal originating from nontarget tissues, thus resulting in significantly enhanced image contrast and shortened diagnosis time to 15 min. Furthermore, because of the specific affinity of sgc8 to target cancer cells, the AAP also showed desirable specificity in differentiating CCRF-CEM tumors from Ramos tumors and nontumor areas. The design concept can be widely adapted to other cancer cell-specific aptamer probes for in vivo molecular imaging of cancer.
The Amino Acid Requirements of Growing Turkeys (1983)

The response to protein and the requirements for sulfur amino acids and lysine have been evaluated in male turkeys throughout the growth period as an experimental validation of model-calculated requirements (Hurwitz et al., 1983). The sulfur amino acid requirements were 3.4 and 3.1 mg/kcal for 1- and 5-week-old turkeys, respectively. The requirements for lysine were 4.8, 2.7, and 2.2 mg/kcal for 1-, 12-, and 16-week-old turkeys, respectively, which were in close agreement with the model predictions. Dietary protein in diets calculated on the basis of the model was sufficient to maintain maximal growth and feed efficiency. The results were the basis for accepting the general validity of the model-calculated requirements (Hurwitz et al., 1983).
Well Stimulation Using a Solid, Proppant-Sized, Paraffin Inhibitor to Reduce Costs and Increase Production for a South Texas, Eagle Ford Shale Oil Operator (2014)

Abstract An US Eagle Ford Shale operator experienced downhole paraffin deposition in recently completed shale oil wells. The deposition occurred in the tubulars and in the flow lines. To control deposition the operator added to the fracture a proppant-like, slow-release particle onto which a paraffin inhibitor had been adsorbed. The particle is designed to slowly release the adsorbed paraffin inhibitor into the bulk oil as it flows through the propped zone and to inhibit paraffin deposition. Horizontal, multi-stage hydraulic fractures are becoming the standard stimulation practice in the oil bearing shale oil fields in the US. This operator saw a financial and operational benefit in establishing long-term paraffin treatment with a single application. The operator opted to use this solid inhibitor to extend the treatment life and to reduce subsequent intervention costs for paraffin removal. The prior practice in this field was to complete the wells and then to apply a paraffin treatment and remediation program as necessary. In the offset wells to which the solid product was compared the operator normally saw paraffin deposition after approximately three months of production. The operator selected seventeen wells for completion using the solid paraffin inhibitor. After ten months of production, for the first wells treated, the operator has noted no paraffin related issues. Paraffin can deposit in the formation, near well bore, tubulars and surface facilities when the thermodynamic conditions favor deposition in order for the fluid to re-establish equilibrium. Wax deposition reduces production and increases operational expense. By incorporating a slow-releasing, solid, paraffin inhibitor-infused particle into the proppant stages of the hydraulic fracture the operator realized reduced intervention expense without adding significant cost to the fracture.
Suppression of Unwanted <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi></mml:math> Interactions in a Hybrid Two-Qubit System (2020)

Mitigating crosstalk errors, whether classical or quantum mechanical, is critically important for achieving high-fidelity entangling gates in multiqubit circuits. For weakly anharmonic superconducting qubits, unwanted ZZ interactions can be suppressed by combining qubits with opposite anharmonicity. We present experimental measurements and theoretical modeling of two-qubit gate error for gates based on the cross resonance interaction between a capacitively shunted flux qubit and a transmon, and demonstrate the elimination of the ZZ interaction.
Automotive Functional Safety Assurance by POST with Sequential Observation (2018)

Power-on self-test is an efficient means for covering safety-critical faults in automotive systems. This paper presents a multicycle logic BIST technique that avoids fault masking after multiple cycles by sequential observation using a new scan cell structure. -Hans-Joachim Wunderlich, Universität Stuttgart
A feature-based approach to facial expression cloning: Virtual Humans and Social Agents (2005)

In this paper, we present a feature-based approach to cloning facial expressions from an input face model to an output model, using predefined source key-models and the corresponding target key-models. Adopting a scattered data interpolation technique, our approach consists of two parts: analysis of face key-models and synthesis of facial expressions. In the analysis part carried out once at the beginning, key-models are segmented automatically into five regions, each containing one of five facial features, that is, eyes, cheeks, and the mouth, which give rise to five sets of source key-shapes and the corresponding sets of target key-shapes. Using the key-shapes of each source feature, those of the corresponding target feature are parameterized. In the synthesis part, given a sequence of face models comprising an input animation, five output features are obtained separately by blending their own target key-shapes. These separately produced features are combined to synthesize the output face model at each frame. Our feature-based approach enables cloning of diverse expressions including asymmetric ones convincingly with a small number of face key-models while exhibiting an on-line, real-time performance. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Towards Efficient Energy Management: Defining HEMS and Smart Grid Objectives (2011)

Energy consumption has increased considerably in the last years. The way to reduce and make energy consumption more efficient has become of great interest for researchers. One of the research areas is the reduction of energy consumption in users’ residences. In order to reduce energy consumption in home environments, researches have been designing Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS). Efficiently managing and distributing electricity in the grid will also help to reduce the increase of energy consumption in the future. The power grid is evolving into the Smart Grid, which is being developed to distribute and produce electricity more efficiently. This paper presents the high level goals and requirements of HEMS and the Smart Grid. Additionally, it provides an overview on how Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) is involved in the Smart Grid and how they help to achieve the emerging functionalities that the Smart Grid can provide.
A hierarchical motion trajectory signature descriptor (2008)

Motion trajectory is a compact clue for motion characterization. However, it is normally used directly in its raw data form in most work and effective trajectory description is lacking. In this paper, we propose a novel hierarchical motion trajectory signature descriptor, which can not only fully capture motion features for detailed perception, but also can be used for probabilistic fast recognition. The hierarchy enables the signature to exhibit high functional adaptability meeting different application requirements. At the first-level, differential invariants are employed to describe trajectory features and a nonlinear signature warping method is developed to perceive and recognize trajectories. The second-level signature is the condensation of the first-level signature by applying PCA based dimension optimization. It behaves more efficiently in recognition based on the Gaussian Mixture modeling and Bayesian classifier. The conducted experiments verified the signature’s effectiveness.
Core–shell MoO<sub>3</sub>–MoS<sub>2</sub> Nanowires for Hydrogen Evolution: A Functional Design for Electrocatalytic Materials (2011)

We synthesize vertically oriented core-shell nanowires with substoichiometric MoO(3) cores of ∼20-50 nm and conformal MoS(2) shells of ∼2-5 nm. The core-shell architecture, produced by low-temperature sulfidization, is designed to utilize the best properties of each component material while mitigating their deficiencies. The substoichiometric MoO(3) core provides a high aspect ratio foundation and enables facile charge transport, while the conformal MoS(2) shell provides excellent catalytic activity and protection against corrosion in strong acids.
EdgeViTs: Competing Light-weight CNNs on Mobile Devices with Vision Transformers (2022)

Self-attention based models such as vision transformers (ViTs) have emerged as a very competitive architecture alternative to convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in computer vision. Despite increasingly stronger variants with ever-higher recognition accuracies, due to the quadratic complexity of self-attention, existing ViTs are typically demanding in computation and model size. Although several successful design choices (e.g., the convolutions and hierarchical multi-stage structure) of prior CNNs have been reintroduced into recent ViTs, they are still not sufficient to meet the limited resource requirements of mobile devices. This motivates a very recent attempt to develop light ViTs based on the state-of-the-art MobileNet-v2, but still leaves a performance gap behind. In this work, pushing further along this under-studied direction we introduce EdgeViTs, a new family of light-weight ViTs that, for the first time, enable attention-based vision models to compete with the best light-weight CNNs in the tradeoff between accuracy and on-device efficiency. This is realized by introducing a highly cost-effective local-global-local (LGL) information exchange bottleneck based on optimal integration of self-attention and convolutions. For device-dedicated evaluation, rather than relying on inaccurate proxies like the number of FLOPs or parameters, we adopt a practical approach of focusing directly on on-device latency and, for the first time, energy efficiency. Specifically, we show that our models are Pareto-optimal when both accuracy-latency and accuracy-energy trade-offs are considered, achieving strict dominance over other ViTs in almost all cases and competing with the most efficient CNNs. Code is available at https://github.com/saic-fi/edgevit.
A Literature Review on Machine Learning Based Medical Information Retrieval Systems (2018)

As many fields progress with the assistance of cognitive computing, the field of health care is also adapting, providing many benefits to all users. However, advancements in this area are hindered by several challenges such as the void between user queries and the knowledge base, query mismatches, and range of domain knowledge in users. In this paper, we present existing methodologies as well as look into existing real-life applications that are used in the medical field today. We also look into specific challenges and techniques that can be used to overcome these barriers, specifically related to cognitive computing in the medical domain. Future information retrieval (IR) models that can be tailored specifically for medically intensive applications which can handle large amounts of data are explored as well. The purpose of this paper is to give the reader an in-depth understanding of artificial intelligence being used in the medical field today, as well as future possibilities in the domain.