gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Glycosylation status of haptoglobin in sera of patients with prostate cancer <i>vs.</i> benign prostate disease or normal subjects (2007)

We studied chemical level and glycosylation status of haptoglobin in sera of patients with prostate cancer, as compared to benign prostate disease and normal subjects, with the following results. (i) Haptoglobin level was enhanced significantly in sera of prostate cancer. (ii) Sialylated bi-antennary glycans were the dominant structures in haptoglobins from all 3 sources, regardless of different site of N-linked glycan. The N-linked glycans at N184 were exclusively bi-antennary, and showed no difference between prostate cancer vs. benign prostate disease. (iii) Tri-antennary, N-linked, fucosylated glycans, carrying at least 1 sialyl-Lewis(x/a) antenna, were predominantly located on N207 or N211 within the amino acid 203-215 sequence of the beta-chain of prostate cancer, and were minimal in benign prostate disease. Fucosylated glycans were not observed in normal subjects. A minor tri-antennary N-linked glycan was observed at N241 of the beta-chain in prostate cancer, which was absent in benign prostate disease. (iv) None of these N-linked structures showed the expected presence of disialylated antennae with GalNAcbeta4(NeuAcalpha3)Galbeta3(NeuAcalpha6)GlcNAcbetaGal, or its analogue, despite cross-reactivity of prostate cancer haptoglobin with monoclonal antibody RM2. (v) Minor levels of O-glycosylation were identified in prostate cancer haptoglobin for the first time. Mono- and disialyl core Type 1 O-linked structures were identified after reductive beta-elimination followed by methylation and mass spectrometric analysis. No evidence was found for the presence of specific RM2 or other tumor-associated glycosyl epitopes linked to this O-glycan core. In summary, levels of haptoglobin are enhanced in sera of prostate cancer patients, and the N-glycans attached to a defined peptide region of its beta-chain are characterized by enhanced branching as well as antenna fucosylation.
ANTI-THYROID PEROXIDASE (ANTI-TPO) CHEMILUMINESCENCE (2009)

Antibodies to thyroid peroxidase have been shown to be characteristically present from patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis (95%), idiopathic myedema (90%) and Graves Disease (80%) 1,6 . In fact 72% of patients positive for anti-TPO exhibit some degree of thyroid dysfunction. 2 This has led to the clinical measurement becoming a valuable tool in the diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction 4,5 . Measurements of antibodies to TPO have been done, in the past, by Passive Hemaglutination (PHA) 3 . However, PHA tests do not have the sensitivity of enzyme immunoassay and are limited by subjective interpretation. This product, with the enhanced sensitivity of chemiluminescence immunoassay, permits the detection of subclinical levels of antibodies to TPO. In addition, the results are quantitated by a Luminometer, which eliminates subjective interpretation.
REDUCTION OF CROSSTALK IN WAVELENGTH DIVISION MULTIPLEXED FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS (2007)

In this paper two new methods to reduce the crosstalk in WDM systems are presented. These two methods along with the present methods are analyzed and their performances are compared. The proposed methods yield better results. Both signal power and optical signal power to noise power ratio (OSNR) improve significantly.
Detection of Wood Boring Insects’ Larvae Based on the Acoustic Signal Analysis and the Artificial Intelligence Algorithm (2017)

Abstract The paper presents an application of signal processing and computational intelligence methods to detect presence of the wood boring insects larvae in the wooden constructions (such as the furniture of buildings). Such insects are one of the main sources of the degradation in such objects, therefore they should be detected as quickly as possible, before inflicting serious damage. The presented work involved the acoustic monitoring for detecting the presence of the larvae inside pieces of wood. An accelerometer was used to record the sound, further analyzed by a computer algorithm extracting features important for artificial-intelligence (AI) based classification employed to detect the old house borer’s (Hylotrupes bajulus L.) activity. The presented task is difficult, as the sounds made by the larvae are of relatively low amplitude and the background noise caused by people, electrical appliances or other sources may significantly degrade the accuracy of detection. The classification of sounds is needed to separate sources of noise which deteriorate the proper larva detection and should be suppressed if possible. The employed classification was based on features defined in the time domain followed by the support vector machine used as the binary classifier. The results allowed us to assess the effectiveness of the old house borer’s detection by the acoustic analysis enhanced with the AI algorithm.
The application of laser process technology to thin film packaging (2003)

Laser process technologies have been developed which are well suited to the manufacture of thin film electronic packages. The authors discuss three technologies-laser ablation, laser-assisted metal etching, and laser chemical vapor deposition-and how they can be used in polymer and metal patterning. Process and tooling considerations as well as specific applications are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
F2 Screen for Rare Resistance Alleles (1998)

Journal Article F2 Screen for Rare Resistance Alleles Get access D. A. Andow, D. A. Andow 1 1Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 81.Paul, MN 55108. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. N. Alstad D. N. Alstad 2 2Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 81. Paul, MN 55108. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 91, Issue 3, 1 June 1998, Pages 572–578, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/91.3.572 Published: 01 June 1998
A laser direct write double-level-metal technology for rapid fabrication (2002)

An all-dry, double-level-metal technology for personalization of VLSI gate arrays is described. The goal is to provide rapid prototyping of new electronic systems, and to serve as the nucleus for a potential job-shop, low-volume manufacturing environment. The process development is examined for the demonstration of double-level-metal interconnect, with emphasis on novel technologies such as the laser direct write and single-wafer metal etching using the magnetron-enhanced reactive-ion-etching technique. A double-level-metal interconnect based on 100000 laser patterned 2- mu m vias has been successfully demonstrated using this technology.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Reduction Mechanisms of Ethylene, Propylene, and Vinylethylene Carbonates (2003)

Quantum chemical methods have been used to study reduction mechanisms of ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), and vinylethylene carbonate (VEC), in electrolyte solutions. The feasibility of direct two-electron reduction of these species was assessed, and no barrier to reaction was found for the formation of and 1,4-butadiene from VEC. In contrast EC and PC have barriers to reaction on the order of 0.5 eV. The ready formation of when VEC is reduced may explain why it acts as a good passivating agent in lithium-ion cells. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
RNAi‐mediated reversible opening of the blood‐brain barrier (2008)

Abstract Background The blood‐brain barrier (BBB) contains tight junctions (TJs) which reduce the space between adjacent endothelial cells lining the fine capillaries of the microvasculature of the brain to form a selective and regulatable barrier. Methods Using a hydrodynamic approach, we delivered siRNA targeting the TJ protein claudin‐5 to the endothelial cells of the BBB in mice. Results We have shown a significant decrease in claudin‐5 mRNA levels 24 and 48 hours post‐delivery of siRNA, with levels of protein expression decreasing up to 48 hours post‐injection compared to uninjected, phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS)‐injected and non‐targeting siRNA‐injected mice. We observed increased permeability at the BBB to molecules up to 742 Da, but not 4400 Da, using tracer molecule perfusion and MRI analysis. To illustrate the functional efficacy of size‐selective and transient barrier opening, we have shown that enhanced delivery of the small neuropeptide thyrotropin‐releasing hormone (TRH) (MW 360 Da) to the brains of mice 48 hours post‐injection of siRNA targeting claudin‐5 significantly modifies behavioural output. Conclusions These data demonstrate that it is now possible to transiently and size‐selectively open the BBB in mice, allowing in principle the delivery of a wide range of agents for the establishment and treatment of experimental mouse models of neurodegenerative, neuropsychiatric and malignant diseases. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The combustion behavior of polyacrylate ester/graphite oxide composites (2006)

Abstract There is an increasing interest in polymer layered silicate nanocomposites, due to the enhanced properties of these systems. An additional layered system is the graphite oxide system and this has been studied as polyacrylate ester nanocomposites. These have been characterized using X‐ray diffraction and a variety of fire tests. There is a significant change in the oxygen index for nanocomposites which is absent for microcomposites, unlike the situation for the clay‐based systems. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the surface was covered with a graphite oxide‐like material at high temperatures for the nanocomposites, suggesting that this nano‐dimensional material operates as a barrier, exactly as proposed for polymer‐clay systems. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Are Free Radicals Involved in the Pathogenesis of Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease? (1993)

Since the original description of Parkinson's disease (PD) more than 170 years ago, there have been major advances in the understanding and treatment of PD. This article reviews some current knowledge concerning the role of free radicals, especially superoxide, in the etiology of PD. Hypotheses regarding inhibition of mitochondrial respiration and free radicals generation in PD are discussed in relation to the mechanisms of action of the N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, a neurotoxin known to produce parkinsonian syndromes.
Asymmetric Memory Extension for Openshmem (2014)

Memory allocation in Openshmem is a global operation that requires in-step calls from all Processing Elements (PEs). Although this approach works with applications that split the work evenly, it prevents using Openshmem in cases where the workload and the memory it uses are allocated dynamically and can change significantly while the application is running. To broaden the cases where Openshmem can be used, we propose an extension -- asymmetric memory support. The extension allows PEs to allocate memory independently, and make this memory available for remote access from other PEs.
Defensive Distillation is Not Robust to Adversarial Examples (2016)

We show that defensive distillation is not secure: it is no more resistant to targeted misclassification attacks than unprotected neural networks.
Simulated behaviour of large scale SCI rings and Tori (2002)

SCI (Scalable Coherent Interface) is a new IEEE standard for high speed interconnect in parallel processors. It is attracting interest because of its high bandwidth (1 GByte/sec/link) and low latency. The default SCI topology is a ring, which does not scale well to large numbers of processors. This paper uses stochastic and trace-driven simulations to compare the performance of SCI-based parallel computers with a ring topology to those based on a torus topology. We also look at the effects of varying some of the internals of the SCI components.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
IS ASPECT RATIO A RELIABLE PREDICTOR OF INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM RUPTURE? (2004)

AR on its own is as reliable a variable as the size of the aneurysm for predicting aneurysm rupture.
Hemodialysis: Evidence of Enhanced Molecular Clearance and Ultrafiltration Volume by Using Pulsatile Flow (1993)

We describe several in vitro experiments showing evidence that pulsatile flow hemodialysis enhances ultrafiltration volume and molecular clearance as compared with steady flow hemodialysis. A new pulsatile pump and a conventional roller pump were compared using different hollow fiber dialyzers and a simulated blood solution containing urea, aspartame and vitamin B-12 at different flow rates and configurations. Ultrafiltration volume and concentration of urea, aspartame and B-12 were measured and molecular clearance (K) calculated. Ultrafiltration volume markedly increased with pulsatile flow. After 10 min K for urea with pulsatile flow was higher in all experiments even when ultrafiltration was prevented. Clearance of aspartame and B-12 also increased with pulsatile flow. We propose three mechanisms by which pulsatile flow is more efficient than steady flow hemodialysis: greater fluid energy, avoidance of molecular channeling and avoidance of membrane layering. We hypothesize that using pulsatile flow in hemodialysis can significantly shorten the duration of dialysis sessions for most of the patients, and consequently reduce the duration of the procedure and its cost.
Specific Sites of <i>N</i>-Linked Glycosylation on the Hemagglutinin of H1N1 Subtype Influenza A Virus Determine Sensitivity to Inhibitors of the Innate Immune System and Virulence in Mice (2011)

Oligosaccharides on the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase of influenza A virus (IAV) are a target for recognition by lectins of the innate immune system, including soluble surfactant protein-D and the macrophage mannose receptor on airway macrophages. Glycans attached to the head of H1 subtype of IAV differ markedly in number and location. A reverse genetic approach was used to define the importance of particular N-glycosylation sites on H1 in determining sensitivity to innate immune defenses and virulence in mice. The HA of A/PR/8/34 (PR8, H1N1) and A/Brazil/11/78 (Brazil, H1N1) express zero and four glycosylation sites on the head of HA, respectively. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to add (PR8) or delete (Brazil) glycosylation sites, and IAV expressing wild-type or mutant HA were generated on a PR8 backbone. Addition or removal of particular glycans modulated sensitivity to mouse lung fluids but was not a major factor determining susceptibility of airway macrophages to infection. PR8 is a mouse-adapted virus, and mutations in multiple IAV genes have been shown to contribute to virulence, yet addition of glycosylation to PR8 HA was sufficient to attenuate disease. In contrast, removal of glycans from Brazil HA resulted in severe disease and death. These studies provide insight regarding the mechanisms by which IAV can induce disease in mice. Moreover, reduced glycosylation of HA is likely to be an important factor associated with adaptation of human IAV to growth in mouse lung.
A transgene-encoded truncated human epidermal growth factor receptor for depletion of anti- B-cell maturation antigen CAR-T cells (2021)

We confirm that BCMA is a suitable target for CAR- T cells and tEGFR is a effective tool for cellular ablation.
Femtosecond-laser-written diode-pumped Pr:LiYF_4 waveguide laser (2012)

Waveguides were fabricated in a 5 mm long Pr(0.5 at%):LiYF4 (YLF) crystal with a femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser system. Waveguiding was achieved inside a core surrounded by eight single modified tracks building a rhombic structure. The waveguide was pumped at a wavelength of 444 nm with an InGaN laser diode. Orange and deep red laser oscillation were realized. Maximum output powers of 25 mW at 604 nm and 12 mW at 720 nm with respect to the incident pump power were achieved.
GeSn Lasers with Uniaxial Tensile Strain in the Gain Medium (2019)

International audience
Supporting configuration and deployment of component-based DRE systems using frameworks, models, and aspects (2005)

This research focuses on using frameworks, model-driven development, and aspect-oriented software development techniques to address key configuration and deployment concerns of component-based distributed real-time and embedded (DRE) systems. System designers and deployers can use these techniques to configure quality of service (QoS) aspects of their systems and fine-tune their systems during the design and runtime phases to ensure their systems meet end-to-end performance requirements.
Evaluation of pulse oximetry with EKG synchronization (1988)

Results are presented of an investigation of the effectiveness of using an EKG signal as a synchronization technique to improve pulse detection and overall accuracy of pulse oximetry. The unprocessed red and infrared transmitted signals representing the photoplethysmographic waveform were recorded from commercially available pulse oximeters. The arterial oxygen-saturation values output by these pulse oximeters were compared with recomputed results using EKG synchronization to determine possible improvements, particularly with controlled motion artifacts.< <ETX>></ETX>
Adaptational Changes of Fatty Acid Composition and the Physical State of Membrane Lipids Following the Change of Growth Temperature in <i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i> (1991)

Yersinia enterocolitica is capable of growing in a broad range of temperatures from 4 to 45 C. How this organism alters its membrane lipids in response to the change of growth temperature is very interesting. The fatty acids of membrane lipids of cells cultured at 5, 15, 25 and 37 C were analyzed and the physical states of these membrane lipids were characterized. The major phospholipids of this bacterium were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, cardiolipin, lysophosphatidylglycerol and lysophosphatidylethanolamine. No significant difference in phospholipid composition in response to culture temperatures was observed. It was reported in our previous paper that the major fatty acids of membrane phospholipids of Y. enterocolitica were C15:0, C16:0, C16:1, cyclopropane C17:0 and C18:0. Some differences in the fatty acid composition were, however, observed with the change of culture temperature. When the culture temperature was raised, the saturated and cyclopropane fatty acids substantially increased and the unsaturated ones decreased. A reverse phenomenon was observed when culture temperature was lowered. From the viewpoints of membrane physical state, adaptational changes were analyzed using a nylon microcapsule method. Phase transition in membrane lipids of cells grown at each culture temperature took place in the range of about 5 C below and about 10 C above the culture temperature. It is, therefore, considered that Y. enterocolitica maintains its membrane rigidity and fluidity in response to growth temperature by changing the membrane fatty acid composition.
rTMS of the Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Modulates Dopamine Release in the Ipsilateral Anterior Cingulate Cortex and Orbitofrontal Cortex (2009)

To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide evidence of extrastriatal DA modulation following acute rTMS of DLPFC with its effect limited to the specific areas of medial prefrontal cortex. [(11)C]FLB 457-PET combined with rTMS may allow to explore the neurochemical functions of specific cortical neural networks and help to identify the neurobiological effects of TMS for the treatment of different neurological and psychiatric diseases.
Some Causes and Cures of Frequency Instabilities (Drift & Noise) in Cesium Beam Frequency Standards (1977)

Frequency drift of the order of several parts in 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">13</sup> per year is often observed in commercial cesium beam frequency standards, and on some occasions significant changes in the white noise frequency modulation level is also observed. Recently at the National Bureau of Standards some standards with these types of problems have been analyzed and their velocity distributions measured. A comparison of the changes in drift and noise performance with measurements of the velocity distribution leads to some interesting interpretations. Changes in focusing voltage at or in the vicinity of the detector may cause the finite surface area of the detector to act like a velocity selector; i.e., the detection efficiency of cesium atoms mapped across the surface of the detector changes with time as a result of changing electric fields which focus the cesium ion-beam. Changes in the microwave power cause changes in the most probable cesium atom velocity, which transduce via the Ramsey cavity phase shift into frequency changes. The magnitude of the cavity phase shifts in a cavity was inferred by reversing the current through the C-field inducing mixing of the m <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">F</sub> states.
Synthesis, Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Composites Copper Iodide/Magnetite-Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (2017)

The structural, magnetic and electrophysical properties of composites based on nanosized magnetite chemically modified of copper iodide and polychlortrifluoroethylene have been studied at temperatures 298 – 450 K and CuI concentrations of from 0 to 0,58 volume. It has been found the optimal volume content of copper iodide (~ 0.4) in the composites CuI/Fe3O4, when the interfacial interaction shows most intensively and maximum values electrical parameters take place. The value of the coercive force of nanocomposites CuI/Fe3O4 increases with increasing content copper iodide. It was shown that polymer composites containing CuI/Fe3O4, have higher values of real and imaginary components of complex permittivity and conductivity compared with a system that contains only copper iodide.
Lunar Base Agriculture: Soils for Plant Growth (1989)

This work provides information on research and experimentation concerning various aspects of food production in space and particularly on the moon. Options for human settlement of the moon and Mars and strategies for a lunar base are discussed. The lunar environment, including the mineralogical and chemical properties of lunar regolith are investigated and chemical and physical considerations for a lunar-derived soil are considered. It is noted that biological considerations for such a soil include controlled-environment crop production, both hydroponic and lunar regolith-based; microorganisms and the growth of higher plants in lunar-derived soils; and the role of microbes to condition lunar regolith for plant cultivation. Current research in the controlled ecological life support system (CELSS) project is presented in detail and future research areas, such as the growth of higher research plants in CELSS are considered. Optimum plant and microbiological considerations for lunar derived soils are examined.
Osteoporosis (2008)

Osteoporosis is a metabolic condition that is gaining increasing attention as people live longer. It may frequently be present in patients with and without fracture. Nonpharmacologic methods and pharmacologic methods may be used to treat osteoporosis and related fractures. The ultimate goal in managing and treating osteoporosis is to optimize fracture risk reduction. Commonly used nonpharmacologic interventions include calcium and vitamin D supplementation, fall prevention, hip protectors, and balance and exercise programs. These interventions act in conjunction with pharmacologic methods, if prescribed.