gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distributed <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$k$</tex> <mathgraphic graphicformat="GIF" fileref="aksu-ieq1-2297918.gif"/></formula>-Core View Materialization and Maintenance for Large Dynamic Graphs (2014)

In graph theory, k-core is a key metric used to identify subgraphs of high cohesion, also known as the `dense' regions of a graph. As the real world graphs such as social network graphs grow in size, the contents get richer and the topologies change dynamically, we are challenged not only to materialize k-core subgraphs for one time but also to maintain them in order to keep up with continuous updates. Adding to the challenge is that real world data sets are outgrowing the capacity of a single server and its main memory. These challenges inspired us to propose a new set of distributed algorithms for k-core view construction and maintenance on a horizontally scaling storage and computing platform. Our algorithms execute against the partitioned graph data in parallel and take advantage of k-core properties to aggressively prune unnecessary computation. Experimental evaluation results demonstrated orders of magnitude speedup and advantages of maintaining k-core incrementally and in batch windows over complete reconstruction. Our algorithms thus enable practitioners to create and maintain many k-core views on different topics in rich social network content simultaneously.
Spectrometric Studies of Selected Nitrocompounds Using Laser-Induced Photofragmentation/Photoionization at 193 nm. (1994)

Abstract : A new method for detection trace vapors of NO2 containing compounds near atmospheric conditions has been demonstrated using one color laser photofragmentation/fragment ionization spectrometry. An ArF laser is employed to both photolytically fragment the target molecules in a collision-free environment and ionize the characteristic NO fragments. The production of NO is hypothesized to result from a combination of two NO2 unimolecular fragmentation pathways, one yielding NO in its X(2)Pi electronic ground state and the other in its A(2)Sigma+ excited state. Ionization of ground state NO molecules is accomplished by resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization processes via their A(2)Sigma <-X(2)Pi (3,0), B(2)Pi <-X(2)Pi (7,0), and/or D(2)Sigma+ <- X(2)Pi (0,1) bands at 193 nm. The analytical utility of this method is demonstrated in a molecular beam time-of-flight apparatus. Limits of detection range from the parts-per-million (ppm) to parts-per-billion (ppb) level for NO, NO2, CH3NO2, dimethylnitramine (DMNA), ortho- and meta-nitrotoluene, nitrobenzene, and trinitrotoluene (TNT). Under effusive beam experimental conditions, discrimination between structural isomers, ortho-nitrotoluene and meta-nitrotoluene, has been demonstrated with the use of their characteristic photofragmentation/photoionization mass spectra. (jg)
Mouse chondroitin 6-sulfotransferase: molecular cloning, characterization and chromosomal mapping (1998)

Chondroitin 6-sulfotransferase (C6ST) catalyzes the transfer of sulfate from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to position 6 of the N-acetylgalactosamine residue of chondroitin. Using chick C6ST cDNA as a probe, we cloned the cDNA of mouse C6ST. The mouse enzyme was predicted to be composed of 472 amino acids, and exhibited 71% sequence identity with the chicken enzyme. The mouse and chicken catalytic domains exposed to the luminal side exhibited 81% identity, while the homology of the remaining regions was less. Transfection and expression of the mouse cDNA in COS-7 cells yielded C6ST activity. Keratan sulfate sulfotransferase activity, which was simultaneously expressed, amounted to 3% of the C6ST activity, this value being significantly lower than that observed in the case of the chicken enzyme. Mouse C6ST mRNA was strongly expressed in the spleen, lung, and eye. In situ hybridization revealed that the transcript was localized in stromal cells in the marginal zone and red pulp of the spleen, and stromal cells in the bone marrow. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis revealed the gene is located in mouse chromosome 9.
Efficient, High-Data-Rate, Tapered Oxide-Aperture Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (2009)

New advances in high-efficiency, high-speed 980-nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are presented. The tapered oxide aperture was optimized to provide additional mode confinement without sacrificing its static low-loss performance. The pad capacitance was reduced by using benzocyclobutene, removing the n-contact layer, and shrinking the pad dimension. The mesa capacitance was also lowered by using a thicker oxide aperture and deep oxidation layers. With all these improvements, our devices demonstrated >20 GHz bandwidth, the highest for 980 nm VCSELs, and 35 Gb/s operation at only 10 mW power dissipation, corresponding to the highest reported data rate/power dissipation ratio of 3.5 Gb/(smiddotmW).
A magnetic-field enriched surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy strategy towards the early diagnosis of malaria (2012)

Early malaria diagnosis is important because malaria disease can develop into fatal illness within hours upon the appearance of the first symptom. The low concentration of the diagnosis biomarker, hemozoin, at the early stage of malaria disease makes early diagnosis difficult. In this paper, we present a magnetic field-enriched surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS) strategy for the sensitive detection of β - hematin crystals, which is equivalent to hemozoin in the characteristics of Raman spectrum, by using magnetic nanoparticles. We observe several orders of magnitude enhancement in the SERRS signal of enriched β - hematin in comparison to the Raman signal of β - hematin in the cases of SERRS alone or magnetic enrichment alone, showing the great potential of this method towards early malaria diagnosis.
Use of mutagenesis to enhance the methionine content of methanol-assimilating yeast (1983)

The prognosis of PPA with EGFR mutation proved to be less favorable compared to that with WT, and galectin-3 is highly expressed in EGFR-mutated PPA.
Laser beam shaping for biomedical microscopy techniques (2016)

Uniform illumination of a working field is very important in optical systems of confocal microscopy and various implementations of fluorescence microscopy like TIR, SSIM, STORM, PALM to enhance performance of these laser-based research techniques. Widely used TEM<sub>00</sub> laser sources are characterized by essentially non-uniform Gaussian intensity profile which leads usually to non-uniform intensity distribution in a microscope working field or in a field of microlenses array of a confocal microscope optical system, this non-uniform illumination results in instability of measuring procedure and reducing precision of quantitative measurements. Therefore transformation of typical Gaussian distribution of a TEM<sub>00</sub> laser to flat-top (top hat) profile is an actual technical task, it is solved by applying beam shaping optics. Due to high demands to optical image quality the mentioned techniques have specific requirements to a uniform laser beam: flatness of phase front and extended depth of field, - from this point of view the microscopy techniques are similar to holography and interferometry. There are different refractive and diffractive beam shaping approaches used in laser industrial and scientific applications, but only few of them are capable to fulfil the optimum conditions for beam quality required in discussed microscopy techniques. We suggest applying refractive field mapping beam shapers πShaper, which operational principle presumes almost lossless transformation of Gaussian to flat-top beam with flatness of output wavefront, conserving of beam consistency, providing collimated low divergent output beam, high transmittance, extended depth of field, negligible wave aberration, and achromatic design provides capability to work with several lasers with different wavelengths simultaneously. The main function of a beam shaper is transformation of laser intensity profile, further beam transformation to provide optimum for a particular technique spot size and shape has to be realized by an imaging optical system which can include microscope objectives and tube lenses. This paper will describe design basics of refractive beam shapers and optical layouts of their applying in microscopy systems. Examples of real implementations and experimental results will be presented as well.
Analytical Cell Load Assessment in OFDM Radio Networks (2007)

Similarly as for UMTS networks [1], an analytical approach is proposed for calculating the OFDM cell load levels without time consuming iterative Monte-Carlo snapshot simulations. This approach is based on a linear approximation of the behavior of the adaptive modulation and coding mechanism of OFDM systems such that load control can be modelled via analytic scaling and continuous traffic distributions instead of discrete user snapshots. We give a numerical example for solving an OFDM site selection problem which shows the feasibility of the proposed approach due to the fast capacity calculations.
Why Clinically Used Tazobactam and Sulbactam Are Poor Inhibitors of OXA-10 β-Lactamase: Raman Crystallographic Evidence (2008)

The clinically used inhibitors tazobactam and sulbactam are effective in the inhibition of activity of class A beta-lactamases, but not for class D beta-lactamases. The two inhibitors exhibit a complex multistep profile for their chemistry of inhibition with class A beta-lactamases. To compare the inhibition profiles for class A and D enzymes, the reactions were investigated within OXA-10 beta-lactamase (a class D enzyme) crystals using a Raman microscope. The favored reaction pathway appears to be distinctly different from that for class A beta-lactamases. In contrast to the case of class A enzymes that favor the formation of a key enamine species, the OXA-10 enzyme forms an alpha,beta-unsaturated acrylate (acid or ester). Quantum mechanical calculations support the likely product as the adduct of Ser115 to the acrylate. Few enamine-like species are formed by sulbactam or tazobactam with this enzyme. Taken together, our results show that the facile conversion of the initial imine, formed upon acylation of the active site Ser67, to the cis- and/or trans-enamine is disfavored. Instead, there is a significant population of the imine that could either experience cross-linking to a second nucleophile (e.g., Ser115) or give rise to the alpha,beta-unsaturated product and permanent inhibition. Alternatively, the imine can undergo hydrolysis to regenerate the catalytically active OXA-10 enzyme. This last process is the dominant one for class D beta-lactamases since the enzyme is not effectively inhibited. In contrast to sulbactam and tazobactam, the reactions between oxacillin or 6alpha-hydroxyisopropylpenicillinate (both substrates) and OXA-10 beta-lactamase appear much less complex. These compounds lead to a single acyl-enzyme species, the presence of which was confirmed by Raman and MALDI-TOF experiments.
Abstract B180: Novel candidate tumor markers identified by a high-throughput “immuno-reverse-proteomics” approach. (2011)

Abstract Cancer biomarker discovery is an extremely active research field in both academia and pharmaceutical companies. Here we present a group of candidate tumor markers identified by a high-throughput immunohistochemistry approach based on the use of a library of 1600 mouse antibodies raised against marginally-characterized human proteins. Tissue microarray (TMA) representing breast, lung colon ovary and prostate cancers were used to identify novel tumor markers. Eighty-nine proteins were found over-expressed in one or more of the five tumors under analysis. The validation process is still in progress and so far has been undertaken on twenty-six of the eighty-nine hits. They are confirmed over-expressed in TMAs carrying 50 tumor samples for each tumor type and, in particular, nineteen proteins were found expressed in one or more tumors with frequencies ranging from 20% to 96%. Interestingly, some of the proteins are simultaneously over-expressed in specific patients' groups, thus opening the possibility of tissue diagnostic/prognostic/predictive applications based on combinatorial markers. Moreover, in vitro characterization studies indicated that some markers play a pivotal role in tumor-related cell processes like cell proliferation (EXN32; EXN36; EXN7), invasiveness (EXN32; EXN36; EXN7; EXN4), clonal growth (EXN1) and pro-angiogenesis (EXN11). A panel of monoclonal antibodies highly specific the biomarkers is already available and proved to specifically detect the markers in tumor cells derived from surgical resections. The newly identified candidate markers are new tools for the development of specific drug therapies and diagnostic products. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2011 Nov 12-16; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2011;10(11 Suppl):Abstract nr B180.
160 GHz Balanced Frequency Quadruplers Based on Quasi-Vertical Schottky Varactors Integrated on Micromachined Silicon (2014)

This work reports on an integrated frequency quadrupler operating at 160 GHz with maximum efficiency of 30% and corresponding output power of 70 mW. The quadrupler design includes two frequency doubler stages in cascade and is based on a balanced circuit architecture that addresses degradation issues often arising from impedance mismatches between multiplier stages. A unique quasi-vertical diode fabrication process consisting of transfer of GaAs epitaxy to a thin silicon support substrate is used to implement the quadrupler, resulting in an integrated drop-in chip module that incorporates 18 varactors, matching networks and beamleads for mounting. The chip is tailored to fit the multiplier waveguide housing, resulting in high reproducibility and consistency in manufacture and performance. Estimates of the varactor temperature for the multiplier were made using the diodes as integrated thermometers. These measurements estimate the operating temperature of the varactors in the quadrupler input stage to be 35 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> C.
Three-dimensional object recognition by use of digital holography (2000)

We present a technique for performing three-dimensional (3D) pattern recognition by use of in-line digital holography. The complex amplitude distribution generated by a 3D object at an arbitrary plane located in the Fresnel diffraction region is recorded by phase-shifting interferometry. The digital hologram contains information about the 3D object's shape, location, and orientation. This information allows us to perform 3D pattern-recognition techniques with high discrimination and to measure 3D orientation changes. Experimental results are presented.
Cloning of the human platelet F11 receptor: a cell adhesion molecule member of the immunoglobulin superfamily involved in platelet aggregation (2000)

Abstract This study demonstrates that the human platelet F11 receptor (F11R) functions as an adhesion molecule, and this finding is confirmed by the structure of the protein as revealed by molecular cloning. The F11R is a 32-/35-kd protein duplex that serves as the binding site through which a stimulatory monoclonal antibody causes platelet aggregation and granule secretion. A physiological role for the F11R protein was demonstrated by its phosphorylation after the stimulation of platelets by thrombin and collagen. A pathophysiological role for the F11R was revealed by demonstrating the presence of F11R-antibodies in patients with thrombocytopenia. Adhesion of platelets through the F11R resulted in events characteristic of the action of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). To determine the structure of this protein, we cloned the F11R cDNA from human platelets. The predicted amino acid sequence demonstrated that it is an integral membrane protein and an immunoglobulin superfamily member containing 2 extracellular C2-type domains. The structure of the F11R as a member of a CAM family of proteins and its activity in mediating adhesion confirm each another. We conclude that the F11R is a platelet-membrane protein involved in 2 distinct processes initiated on the platelet surface. The first is antibody-induced platelet aggregation and secretion that are dependent on both the FcγRII and the GPIIb/IIIa integrin and that may be involved in pathophysiological processes associated with certain thrombocytopenias. The second is an F11R-mediated platelet adhesion that is not dependent on either the FcγRII or the fibrinogen receptor and that appears to play a role in physiological processes associated with platelet adhesion and aggregation.
Functional interplay between protein arginine methyltransferases in <i>Trypanosoma brucei</i> (2014)

Arginine methylation is a common posttranslational modification that has far-reaching cellular effects. Trypanosoma brucei is an early-branching eukaryote with four characterized protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), one additional putative PRMT, and over 800 arginine methylated proteins, suggesting that arginine methylation has widespread impacts in this organism. While much is known about the activities of individual T. brucei PRMTs (TbPRMTs), little is known regarding how TbPRMTs function together in vivo. In this study, we analyzed single and selected double TbPRMT knockdowns for the impact on expression of TbPRMTs and global methylation status. Repression of TbPRMT1 caused a decrease in asymmetric dimethylarginine and a marked increase in monomethylarginine that was catalyzed by TbPRMT7, suggesting that TbPRMT1 and TbPRMT7 can compete for the same substrate. We also observed an unexpected and strong interdependence between TbPRMT1 and TbPRMT3 protein levels. This finding, together with the observation of similar methyl landscape profiles in TbPRMT1 and TbPRMT3 repressed cells, strongly suggests that these two enzymes form a functional complex. We show that corepression of TbPRMT6/7 synergistically impacts growth of procyclic-form T. brucei. Our findings also implicate the actions of noncanonical, and as yet unidentified, PRMTs in T. brucei. Together, our studies indicate that TbPRMTs display a functional interplay at multiple levels.
Practical Preparation of K-252a from a Fermentation Solution (1998)

We developed a practical preparation procedure for K-252a by methylating K-252b on an industrial scale. The water-insoluble K-252a, which was present in the cell mass, was converted to the water-soluble K-252b Na salt in an alkaline solution. The obtained K-252b was methylated with dimethylsulfate in the presence of potassium carbonate in dimethylacetamide. We have already used this method to manufacture 90 kg of K-252b from the fermentation broth, and regenerated 65 kg of K-252a from K-252b.
A high efficiency resonant switched capacitor converter with continuous conversion ratio (2013)

A resonant switched capacitor converter with high efficiency over a wide and continuous conversion ratio is introduced. The efficiency of the topology depends primarily on the conduction losses and is decoupled, to a large extent, from the voltage conversion ratio. This is an advantage over classical switched capacitor converters in which the efficiency is strongly related to the conversion ratio. The operation principle applies three zero current switching (ZCS) states to charge, discharge and balance the remaining charge of the flying capacitor. This results in a Gyrator-behaved voltage-dependent current source with a wide voltage conversion ratio (smaller as well as greater than unity) as well as bidirectional power flow capabilities. The analytical expressions for conversion ratio and expected efficiency are provided and validated by simulation and experiments. The experimental verification of the converter demonstrates peak efficiency of 96%, and above 90% efficiency over a wide range of voltage gains and loading conditions. In addition, the system was found to be highly efficient at the extreme cases of both light and heavy loads.
ChemInform Abstract: Thiophene Polymer Semiconductors for Organic Thin‐Film Transistors (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Development of a Highly Effective African Swine Fever Virus Vaccine by Deletion of the I177L Gene Results in Sterile Immunity against the Current Epidemic Eurasia Strain (2020)

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the etiological agent of a contagious and often lethal disease of domestic pigs that has significant economic consequences for the swine industry. The disease is devastating the swine industry in Central Europe and East Asia, with current outbreaks caused by circulating strains of ASFV derived from the 2007 Georgia isolate (ASFV-G), a genotype II ASFV. In the absence of any available vaccines, African swine fever (ASF) outbreak containment relies on the control and culling of infected animals. Limited cross-protection studies suggest that in order to ensure a vaccine is effective, it must be derived from the current outbreak strain or at the very least from an isolate with the same genotype. Here, we report the discovery that the deletion of a previously uncharacterized gene, I177L, from the highly virulent ASFV-G produces complete virus attenuation in swine. Animals inoculated intramuscularly with the virus lacking the I177L gene, ASFV-G-ΔI177L, at a dose range of 10<sup>2</sup> to 10<sup>6</sup> 50% hemadsorbing doses (HAD<sub>50</sub>), remained clinically normal during the 28-day observational period. All ASFV-G-ΔI177L-infected animals had low viremia titers, showed no virus shedding, and developed a strong virus-specific antibody response; importantly, they were protected when challenged with the virulent parental strain ASFV-G. ASFV-G-ΔI177L is one of the few experimental vaccine candidate virus strains reported to be able to induce protection against the ASFV Georgia isolate, and it is the first vaccine capable of inducing sterile immunity against the current ASFV strain responsible for recent outbreaks.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Currently, there is no commercially available vaccine against African swine fever. Outbreaks of this disease are devastating the swine industry from Central Europe to East Asia, and they are being caused by circulating strains of African swine fever virus derived from the Georgia 2007 isolate. Here, we report the discovery of a previously uncharacterized virus gene, which when deleted completely attenuates the Georgia isolate. Importantly, animals infected with this genetically modified virus were protected from developing ASF after challenge with the virulent parental virus. Interestingly, ASFV-G-ΔI177L confers protection even at low doses (10<sup>2</sup> HAD<sub>50</sub>) and remains completely attenuated when inoculated at high doses (10<sup>6</sup> HAD<sub>50</sub>), demonstrating its potential as a safe vaccine candidate. At medium or higher doses (10<sup>4</sup> HAD<sub>50</sub>), sterile immunity is achieved. Therefore, ASFV-G-ΔI177L is a novel efficacious experimental ASF vaccine protecting pigs from the epidemiologically relevant ASFV Georgia isolate.