gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Back Injuries in Industry: A Retrospective Study (1986)

To evaluate the impact of back injuries on industry, the authors conducted a retrospective analysis of injuries occurring among a group of 31,200 employees of The Boeing Company, a large industrial manufacturer in Western Washington. They analyzed 4,645 injury claims (including 900 back injuries) made by 3,958 different employees. Two previous articles give an overview of the study, provide a detailed analysis of the costs associated with these back injuries, and analyze the characteristics of the injury. This article focuses on employee-related factors associated with back injuries. Claims were categorized according to severity, as indicated by total incurred cost (TIC), the sum of the medical costs, and indemnity costs. High-cost claims were defined as those with a TIC greater than $10,000 and low-cost claims as those with a TIC less than $10,000. Employees younger than 25 years of age had a statistically significant increased risk of back injury, although their claims tended to be low-cost ones. This finding tends to discredit the premise that back problems are related to aging of the lumbar spine. While older employees had a lower injury rate, they did have a significantly increased risk of incurring high-cost back injury claims. The 31-40-year age group was the most susceptible to high-cost back injuries. Newer employees tended to have a significantly increased risk of back injury. The data show that women had fewer injuries than men but a statistically significant increased risk of becoming a high-cost injury claim.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Comparative study of the phospholipid composition of plasma membranes isolated from rat primary hepatomas induced by 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene and from normal growing rat livers. (1980)

Plasma membranes (PM's) were isolated from primary hepatomas induced in Wistar rats by 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene, from nonhepatomal regions of the same rat livers, and also from various normal rat livers, including the resting and regenerating livers of adult rats and developing livers of postnatal rats. Phospholipid analyses of these PM preparations revealed the following differences in the hepatoma PM in comparison with those of the PM of normal adult resting livers: (a) decrease in the content of total phospholipids; (b) large increase in plasmalogen content; (c) relative increase of sphingomyelin and ethanolamine phospholipids, and the decrease of choline phosphoglycerides, i.e., decrease of the ratios of choline phosphoglycerides to choline phosphosphingoside and of choline-containing phospholipids to ethanolamine-containing phospholipids; (d) decrease in phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol. The phospholipid composition of the PM's from normal growing livers showed definite decreases in phosphatidylserine and sphingomyelin and increases in ethanolamine phospholipids; however, no significant alteration was observed in plasmalogen content in comparison to the PM of normal adult resting livers. The PM from the nonhepatomal regions of the hepatoma-bearing livers did not show those differences observed in hepatoma PM.
Effects of Intravenous Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone upon Sleep-Related Growth Hormone Surge and Sleep EEG in Man (1988)

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) plays a key role in coordinating neuroendocrine, metabolic and behavioral responses in stress and affective disorders. To further investigate the effects of enhanced pituitary-adrenocortical activity upon sleep-related phenomena we administered four intravenous injections of 50 micrograms human (h)-CRH or saline to 11 normal males at 10 p.m., 11 p.m., 12 p.m. and 1 a.m. and measured plasma levels of cortisol and growth hormone (GH) as well as sleep EEG recordings throughout the night. Treatment with h-CRH resulted in a significant increase of mean (+/- SEM) cortisol secretion between 11 p.m. and 3 a.m. (h-CRH: 100.6 +/- 9.5 ng/ml; saline: 39.0 +/- 1.5 ng/ml; p less than 0.01). This initial cortisol increase after repeated h-CRH stimulations was followed by a period of attenuated plasma cortisol between 3 and 7 a.m. (h-CRH: 70.3 +/- 7.0 ng/ml; saline: 115.5 +/- 8.0 ng/ml; p less than 0.01). Cortisol surges after h-CRH were associated with a significant blunting of sleep-related GH release expressed as areas under concentration curves (h-CRH: 1.245 +/- 0.32 ng/ml/min.10(3); saline: 2.462 +/- 0.92 ng/ml/min.10(3), p less than 0.01). In addition to these hormonal effects, h-CRH induced a decrease of REM and slow wave sleep (stages III and IV) while the amount of more shallow sleep (stages I and II) increased. These effects upon sleep structure were more pronounced during the second part of the night.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
In vivo diagnosis of collagenous colitis by confocal endomicroscopy (2006)

has received no further etanercept and has no evidence of a flare up of his arthritis six months postoperatively. He was given prophylactic low dose penicillin and anti-pneumococcal vaccination.
Mobile Movement Patterns and Applications in Wireless Networks (2008)

In a real-life wireless network, the logical movements of mobile nodes are not purely random. Movements of individual mobile nodes have intrinsic patterns determined by regular activities of individual persons. Regularities in people's group activities also introduce patterns in co-location behavior of multiple mobile nodes. Mobile nodes are able to predict their future behavior using history information, and prediction results can be used to expedite network management processes and reduce the required overhead. Our research focus on characterization and applications of movement and co-location patterns.\nechanism with movement prediction for wireless IP networks. Each mobile node records movement history information, and predicts its next subnet before the actual movement. It explicitly notifies the current foreign agent to duplicate and forward packets to the predicted subnet. Simulation with real-life wireless network trace shows that the latency of network-layer handoff and the amount of packet loss are greatly reduced, only with a limited overhead in packet duplication and forwarding.\n\nThe topology matching issue for mobile peer-to-peer networks is also investigated, and a Local Topology Cache mechanism is designed to expedite topology matching for overlay topology optimization and reduce the associated overhead. As mobile nodes have patterns in their movement and interaction, the physical network topology nearby might be similar for a mobile node's two consecutive visits to a subnet. The mobile node caches the information of topologically matched P2P neighbors and reuses them when returning to the subnet, without probing the network again. We simulate this scheme with a real-life wireless network trace, and found the caching mechanism can greatly reduce network probing overhead, while achieving similar efficiency of P2P overlay topology.\n\nWe further investigate the co-location behavior of multiple mobile nodes. People's regular interactions determine that co-location of mobile nodes has regularities. Using real-life wireless network traces, we measure the characteristics of mobile nodes' co-location, and show that co-location has patterns and is repetitive, which provides the basis of co-location prediction. A Markov-family model is used to dynamically model the co-location behavior, and a fully distributed co-location prediction method only using a mobile node's own movement trace and co-location history is proposed. The effectiveness of this co-location prediction method is demonstrated with simulations based on real-life wireless network activity traces. We also utilize the co-location prediction method in the construction of the peer-to-peer overlay in a wireless network, and show that it can construct a peer-to-peer overlay as efficient as topology matching techniques, without probing the physical network. This demonstrates that co-location prediction can indeed expedite network management and reduce the associated overhead.
Avian tropomyosin gene expression (1989)

Sequence analysis of overlapping fragments from a quail genomic library has revealed a tropomyosin gene consisting of 13 exons spaced over about 18 kilobase pairs of DNA. Skeletal muscle and smooth muscle transcripts share the same 5' untranslated sequence and may initiate from the same promoter. However, the regions encoding amino acids 39-80 and 258-284 are specific to each muscle type. The two sets of exons encoding these regions undergo mutually exclusive alternative splicing in a tissue-specific manner as determined by Northern blots and S1-nuclease protection. Similarly, the 3' ends of the transcripts are different in skeletal muscle and smooth muscle, and each contains two polyadenylation signals which appear to be utilized in vivo. The avian alpha-tropomyosin gene is not expressed in cardiac muscle. The sequence of the gene shows great homology with other muscle-specific tropomyosins and includes a region homologous to the amino terminus of nonmuscle tropomyosins.
Microbe Derived Indole Metabolite Demonstrates Potent Multidrug Efflux Pump Inhibition in Staphylococcus aureus (2020)

Efflux pumps are always at the forefront of bacterial multidrug resistance and account for the failure of antibiotics. The present study explored the potential of 2-(2-Aminophenyl) indole (RP2), an efflux pump inhibitor (EPI) isolated from the soil bacterium, to overcome the efflux-mediated resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. The RP2/antibiotic combination was tested against efflux pump over-expressed S. aureus strains. The compound was further examined for the ethidium bromide (EtBr) uptake and efflux inhibition assay (a hallmark of EPI functionality) and cytoplasmic membrane depolarization. The safety profile of RP2 was investigated using in vitro cytotoxicity assay and Ca2+ channel inhibitory effect. The in vivo efficacy of RP2 was studied in an animal model in combination with ciprofloxacin. RP2 exhibited the synergistic activity with several antibiotics in efflux pump over-expressed strains of S. aureus. In the mechanistic experiments, RP2 increased the accumulation of EtBr, and demonstrated the inhibition of its efflux. The antibiotic-EPI combinations resulted in extended post antibiotic effects as well as a decrease in mutation prevention concentration of antibiotics. Additionally, the in silico docking studies suggested the binding of RP2 to the active site of modeled structure of NorA efflux pump. The compound displayed low mammalian cytotoxicity and had no Ca2+ channel inhibitory effect. In ex vivo experiments, RP2 reduced the intracellular invasion of S. aureus in macrophages. Furthermore, the RP2/ciprofloxacin combination demonstrated remarkable efficacy in a murine thigh infection model. In conclusion, RP2 represents a promising candidate as bacterial EPI, which can be used in the form of a novel therapeutic regimen along with existing and upcoming antibiotics, for the eradication of S. aureus infections.
SOLUBILITY OF MONOALKYL PHOPHATE IN WATER IN THE PRESENCE OF ARGININE AND TRITON, AND SOLUBILIZATION OF METHYL YELLOW THROUGH THE MIXED MICELLE (2008)

Effects of arginine (Arg) and Triton such as Triton-X (TX) and Triton-N (TN) on the solubility of monoalkyl phosphoric acid (MAP) such as dodecyl (DP), myristyl (MP), and cetyl phosphoric acid (CP) in an aqueous phase were studied. Although these MAPs are scarcely soluble in water, their solubility at 70 oC increased with a concentration of Triton added. The effect of TN was stronger than that of TX. DP became soluble at room temperature when Arg was added up to the mixing ratio of Arg/DP = 3 in mole. MP and CP were hardly soluble yet in the presence of Arg alone while these became soluble after adding Triton together with Arg. Their acidic head group was ionized by Arg, resulting in an increase in its affinity for water. DP was soluble just after the ionization while MP and CP were soluble after the ionization and concomitant formation of the mixed micelle with the Triton added. Methyl yellow, barely soluble in water, was solubilized after entrapment into the mixed micelle. Its solubility increased with a concentration and chain length of the MAP added as a solubilizing agent.
Alloy development for fast induced radioactivity decay for fusion reactor applications (1984)

The Cr-Mo ferritic (martensitic) steels and austenitic stainless steels (primarily type 316 and variations on that composition) are the leading candidates for the structural components for future fusion reactors. However, irradiation of such steels in a fusion environment produces long-lived radioactive isotopes. These isotopes lead to difficult radioactive waste disposal problems once the structure is removed from service. Such problems could be reduced by developing steels that contain only elements that produce radioactive isotopes that decay to low levels in a reasonable time (tens of years instead of hundreds or thousands of years). This report discusses the development of such steels by making elemental substitutions in the steels now under consideration. Molybdenum must be replaced in the Cr-Mo steels; nickel and molybdenum both must be replaced in the austenitic stainless steels (the nitrogen concentration must be limited, and niobium, maintained to extremely low levels). Appropriate substitutions are tungsten for molybdenum in the Cr-Mo steels and manganese for nickel in the austenitic stainless steels. Indications are that suitable ferritic steels can be developed, but development of a nickel-free austenitic stainless steel with properties similar to the Cr-Ni stainless steels appears to be much more complex.
Nano‐ and Submicrocrystalline Structure Formation during High Pressure Torsion of Al‐Sc and Al‐Mg‐Sc Alloys (2004)

The structure and microhardness after severe plastic deformation (SPD) by torsion under high pressure of binary Al-Sc alloys with contents of Sc-0.14 wt%, 0.4 % and 0.55 %, as well as of industrial Al-Mg-Sc alloys 01515, 01535, 01545 and 01570 are investigated. By SPD of binary Al-Sc alloys, only submicrocrystalline structure is formed. Addition of more than 4 % Mg in Al-Sc alloy results in formation of nanostructure during room temperature SPD. The minimum size of a grain – 40 nm – is revealed in alloy Al-5.9 % Mg-0.3%Sc. The maximum hardening
Rapid complex mode decomposition of vector beams by common path interferometry (2013)

We have used common path interferometry for rapid determination of the electric field and complex modal content of vector beams, which have spatially-varying polarization. We combine a reference beam with a signal beam prior to a polarization beam splitter for stable interferograms that preserve intermodal phase shifts even in noisy environments. Interferometric decomposition into optical modes (IDIOM) provides a direct, sensitive measure of the complete electric field, enabling rapid modal decomposition and is ideally suited to single-frequency laser sources. We apply the technique to beams exiting optical fibers that support up to 10 modes. We also use the technique to characterize the fibers by determining a scattering matrix that transforms an input superposition of modes into an output superposition. Furthermore, because interferograms are linear in the field, this technique is very sensitive and can accurately reconstruct beams with signal-to-noise << 1.
The role of domain knowledge in data mining (1995)

ing results from the application of the STRIP algorithm in the actuarial domain.
Privacy-Preserving Cloud-Based Road Condition Monitoring With Source Authentication in VANETs (2018)

The connected vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) and cloud computing technology allows entities in VANET to enjoy the advantageous storage and computing services offered by some cloud service provider. However, the advantages do not come free, since their combination brings many new security and privacy requirements for VANET applications. In this paper, we investigate the cloud-based road condition monitoring (RCoM) scenario, where the authority needs to monitor real-time road conditions with the help of a cloud server so that it could make sound responses to emergency cases timely. When some bad road condition is detected, e.g., some geologic hazard or accident happens, vehicles on site are able to report such information to a cloud server engaged by the authority. We focus on addressing three key issues in RCoM. First, the vehicles have to be authorized by some roadside unit before generating a road condition report in the domain and uploading it to the cloud server. Second, to guarantee the privacy against the cloud server, the road condition information should be reported in ciphertext format, which requires that the cloud server should be able to distinguish the reported data from different vehicles in ciphertext format for the same place without compromising their confidentiality. Third, the cloud server and authority should be able to validate the report source, i.e., to check whether the road conditions are reported by legitimate vehicles. To address these issues, we present an efficient RCoM scheme, analyze its efficiency theoretically, and demonstrate the practicality through experiments.
Silicon-on-Insulator Substrates as a Micromachining Platform for Advanced Terahertz Circuits (2016)

This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the development and utilization of a micromachined silicon-on-insulator (SOI) fabrication process that has enabled the development of terahertz (THz) frequency superconducting-insulator-superconducting (SIS) and hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixers, broadband directional couplers, on-wafer probes, as well as several multipliers. Through the detailed presentation of these circuits, it is demonstrated that ultrathin silicon is able to provide the required characteristics to enable the heterogeneous integration of multiple device technologies that is likely to be required for future THz system-on-chip (T-SoC) development.
Inosine in DNA and RNA (2014)

Deamination of the nucleobases in DNA and RNA is a result of spontaneous hydrolysis, endogenous or environmental factors as well as deaminase enzymes. Adenosine is deaminated to inosine which is miscoding and preferentially base pairs with cytosine. In the case of DNA, this is a premutagenic event that is counteracted by DNA repair enzymes specifically engaged in recognition and removal of inosine. However, in RNA, inosine is an essential modification introduced by specialized enzymes in a highly regulated manner to generate transcriptome diversity. Defect editing is seen in various human disease including cancer, viral infections and neurological and psychiatric disorders. Enzymes catalyzing the deaminase reaction are well characterized and recently an unexpected function of Endonuclease V in RNA processing was revealed. Whereas bacterial Endonuclease V enzymes are classified as DNA repair enzymes, it appears that the mammalian enzymes are involved in processing of inosine in RNA. This yields an interesting yet unexplored, link between DNA and RNA processing. Further work is needed to gain understanding of the impact of inosine in DNA and RNA under normal physiology and disease progression.
INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER (2014)

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Sex and the Liver – A Journey Through Five Decades (2006)

Metabolism of steroids and drugs in rodents is sexually differentiated. The reason for this turned out to be the sexually differentiated growth hormone (GH) secretory pattern regulating the expression of a number of hepatic cytochrome P-450 genes. Although not fully resolved, it is clear that several signaling pathways and transcription factors are involved in mediating the effects of GH. It may be argued that such a well-controlled physiological system should have an important biological role and we speculate that the demands of a robust hepatic steroid metabolism during pregnancy has led to the development of this sexually differentiated hypothalamo-pituitary-liver axis.
QoS aware radio access technology selection framework in heterogeneous networks using SDN (2017)

This paper addresses the problem of radio access technology (RAT) selection in heterogeneous networks (HetNets). Current approaches rely on signal related metrics such as signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) for selection of the best network for the wireless user. However, such approaches do not take into account the quality of service (QoS) requirements of wireless users and therefore often do not connect them to the most suitable network. We propose a QoS aware RAT selection framework for HetNets based on software-defined networking (SDN). The proposed framework implements a RAT selection strategy that reflects QoS requirements of downlink flows using a metric called fittingness factor (FF). The framework relies on the flexibility and centralised nature of SDN to implement monitoring and RAT capacity assessment mechanisms that help in the realisation of the selection strategy. The simulation campaign illustrates the important gains achieved by our RAT selection framework in terms of data rates assigned to the wireless users, their satisfaction, and their quality of experience (QoE) compared against other state of the art RAT selection solutions.
Papermaking fibers from giant reed (Arundo donax L.) by advanced ecologically friendly pulping and bleaching technologies (2006)

The anatomical structure and chemical composition of the stem-wall material of giant reed is considered from the viewpoint of raw material characterization for industrial fiber production. The effect of stem morphology (nodes and internodes) on pulping results and general pulp properties is discussed. The advantages of application of modern organic solvent based (organosolv) pulping technologies to giant reed are shown in comparison with the conventional (kraft) method. The conditions optimization for Ethanol-Alkali pulping (a selected organosolv pulping process) is given, and the chemical kinetics of the principal macromolecular components during ethanol-alkali pulping is described. The bleachability of organosolv pulps by short totally chlorine free (TCF) bleaching sequences using hydrogen peroxide and ozone as the active bleaching chemicals without pulp pre-delignification is examined and compared with kraft pulps. The enzymatic pre-treatment of reed organosolv pulps by commercial xylanase preparation is considered as a possibility toward the improvement of pulp bleachability.
Hydrogen related failure of steels – a new aspect (2004)

Recent studies of the characteristics and mechanism of hydrogen related failure in steels are overviewed. Based on an analysis of the states of hydrogen in steels, the role of hydrogen in reducing ductile crack growth resistance is attributed to the increased creation of vacancies on straining. Cases showing the involvement of strain induced vacancies in susceptibility to fracture are presented. The function of hydrogen is ascribed to an increase in the density of vacancies and their agglomeration, rather than hydrogen itself, through interactions between vacancies and hydrogen. The newly proposed mechanism of hydrogen related failure is supported by a recent finding of amorphisation associated with crack growth.