gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Work Hours: A Resident's Reflection on Time (2020)

This short essay explores the concept of time in medicine through the construct of kairos, the transcendent character of a given moment. Reflecting on a powerful experience during training, a former medical resident examines the heart of the doctor-patient relationship using this lens and wonders about current barriers to its practical application. By suggesting several paradigm shifts for the health system at large and advocating for a return to social connection guided by the medical humanities, the author hopes to encourage readers to help create space together to recognize the power of everyday moments in patient care.
Type C oncornavirus studies in systemic lupus erythematosus (1978)

The following paper critically reviews published evidence that concerns the occurence of viruses in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Special emphasis is placed on the recent studies that implicate type C oncornaviruses. Evidence from our laboratory regarding the occurence of type C viruses in these patients is predominantly negative. It is concluded that the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus is almost certainly multifactorial and that the part that viruses play remains hypothetical.
LncRNAs BCYRN1 promoted the proliferation and migration of rat airway smooth muscle cells in asthma via upregulating the expression of transient receptor potential 1. (2016)

Our study indicated that BCYRN1 promotedthe proliferation and migration of rat ASMCs in asthma via upregulating the expression of TRPC1.
Enhanced Specific Heat Capacity of Nanomaterials Synthesized by Dispersing Silica Nanoparticles in Eutectic Mixtures (2013)

Anomalous enhancements in the specific heat capacity values of nanomaterials were measured in this study. Silica nanoparticles (∼2–20 nm) were dispersed into eutectic of lithium carbonate and potassium carbonate (62:38 by molar ratio) at 1.5% mass concentration. The specific heat capacity measurements were performed using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The specific heat capacity of the silica nanocomposite (solid phase) was enhanced by 38–54% and the specific heat of the silica nanofluid (liquid phase) was enhanced by 118–124% over that of the pure eutectic. Electron microscopy of the samples shows that the nanoparticles induce phase change (forms a higher density “compressed phase”) within the solvent material. Hence, a new model is proposed to account for the contribution of the compressed phase to the total specific heat capacity of the nanomaterials. The proposed model is found to be in good agreement with the experimental data. These results have wide ranging implications, such as for the development of efficient thermal storage systems that can enable significant reduction in the cost of solar thermal power.
The structural properties and contractile force of a clot (1982)

When citrated plasma is recalcified, it forms a viscoelastic gel--a clot. The relationship between platelet contractility and clot rigidity was studied by using a rheological technique which simultaneously measured both the dynamic rigidity modulus and the contractile force during gel formation with platelet rich plasma (PRP). Protein network formation in a clot was accompanied by a contractile force throughout the clotting process. PRP demonstrated a maximum elastic modulus of 6,000 dynes/cm2 and a maximum contractile force/area of 1,500 dynes/cm2. The values of these parameters for a platelet-free clot (PFP) were 700 dynes/cm2 and less than 100 dynes/cm2 respectively. Sonicated control PRP and PRP from a Glanzmann thrombasthenia patient both clotted in a manner similar to PFP. Metabolic inhibitors, 2-deoxy-D-glucose and KCN (5 mM each), retarded the clotting curves of PRP. Cytochalasin B and E suppressed both structural rigidity and force generation in a concentration-dependent manner similar to their inhibitory effect on actin polymerization in platelets. Colchicine (2.5 mM) or vinblastine (0.11 mM) did not affect these clotting curves. Thrombin-activated, fixed platelets did not generate any force, nor did they significantly increase clot rigidity. Streptokinase induced a concurrent decrease of both rigidity and force in PRP clots. The elastic modulus of a PFP clot could be increased to 2,500 dynes/cm2 by externally straining the network with an axial force/area of 1,500 dynes/cm2. Our results indicate that clot structure formation in PRP is strongly coupled to the contractile force generated by the platelet microfilament system and that this force modulates clot rigidity.
Investigating the appropriateness of social network question asking as a resource for blind users (2013)

Recent work has shown the potential of having remote humans answer visual questions that blind users have. On the surface social networking sites (SNSs) offer an attractive free source of human-powered answers that can be personalized to the user. In this paper, we explore the potential of blind users asking visual questions to their social networks. We present the first formal study of how blind people use social networking sites via a survey of 191 blind adults. We also explore whether blind users find SNSs an appropriate venue for Q&A through a log analysis of questions asked using VizWiz Social, an iPhone app with over 5,000 users, which lets blind users ask questions to either the crowd or friends. We then report findings of a field experiment with 23 blind VizWiz Social users, which explored question asking on VizWiz Social in the presence of monetary costs for non-social sources. We find that blind people have a large presence on social networking sites, but do not see them as an appropriate venue for asking questions due to high perceived social costs.
Performance Evaluation of Cloud Infrastructure using Complex Workloads (2012)

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) is a delivery model of cloud computing, which provides the ability to users to acquire and release resources according to their demand and pay according to their usage. Resources are provisioned from the cloud as Virtual Machines (VMs), many of which can be deployed on a single computing node, realizing a multi-tenancy model. While virtualization and multi-tenancy are two sources of workload-execution overhead that have been studied in the past, we still need a thorough, empirical investigation of the joint impact of these overheads, on workload execution. Additionally, commercial and private IaaS providers offer mechanisms that facilitate the lease and use of single infrastructure resources, but to execute multi-job workloads IaaS users still need to select adequate provisioning and allocation policies to instantiate resources and map computational jobs to them. Even though some studies on the policies employed in cloud environments already exist, current and potential IaaS users need deeper insight on the achieved performance and incurred cost of the used policies, derived through empirical investigation. In this work, we address these problems with the use of SkyMark, a performance analysis framework for IaaS clouds. SkyMark has three key features: ?rst, it is designed to analyze IaaS deployments through a sequence of automated tests and the subsequent automated analysis of results. Second, it can analyze the impact of individual provisioning and allocation policies to the performance of the workload execution. Lastly, it is able to generate complex workloads, stressing any of the compute, memory and disk components. With the use of SkyMark, we ?rst study the overheads that the cloud software stack imposes to the workload execution. Subsequently, we analyze the performance and cost of six provisioning and three allocation policies through experimentation in three IaaS environments, including Amazon EC2.
Hydrometallurgy (1982)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTHydrometallurgyRecovering metals by use of aqueous solutions at relatively low temperatures increasingly is competing with dry, high-temperature pyrometallurgical methodsFATHI HABASHIView Author Information Laval University, Quebec, Que.Cite this: Chem. Eng. News 1982, 60, 6, 46–58Publication Date (Print):February 8, 1982Publication History Published online7 November 2010Published inissue 8 February 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v060n006.p046https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v060n006.p046newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1982 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views29Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Separation science Get e-Alerts
Hexaband Planar Inverted-F Antenna With Novel Feed Structure for Wireless Terminals (2007)

This letter proposes a new wideband built-in antenna with novel feed structure for wireless terminals. With the proposed design scheme, a hexaband antenna for covering global system for mobile communication (GSM850)/GSM900/digital cellular system (DCS1800)/personal communication service (PCS1900)/wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA)/world interoperability for microwave access (WIMAX2350) for use in mobile built-in handsets is experimentally tested. This novel hexaband built-in handset antenna is developed within the limit of a 40 times 20 times 7 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> volume. A good agreement between measurement and simulation is achieved
Effect of C-terminal chain shortening on the insulin-antagonistic activity of human growth hormone 177–191 (1982)

Six synthetic C-terminal shortened fragments of the reduced and S-carbamidomethylated peptide corresponding to residues 177 to 191 of human growth hormone (Cam-hGH 177--191) were assayed for insulin antagonistic activity in vivo. Two of the peptides, Cam-hGH 177--191 and cam-hGH 177--191 were, in nanomolar quantities, both active in that they caused significant hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance in normal rats. The remaining peptides, hGH 177--180, Cam-hGH 177--185, Cam-hGH 177--187 and hGH 177--189 were all inactive even at up to one hundred times the dose employed for the active peptides. The results indicate that an insulin antagonistic core of hGH is contained within amino acid residues 178 to 190 inclusive.
Neurotransmitter Receptor Mapping by Autoradiography and Other Methods (1986)

* Laboratory of Neuroscience, Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland 21224 t Departments of Neuroscience, Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 t Experimental Therapy Branch, National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland 20205
Three-plane phase-only computer hologram generated with iterative Fresnel algorithm (2005)

A novel iterative method of generating three-plane, phase-only computer-generated holograms is presented. It is based on the iterative Fresnel ping-pong two-plane algorithm. A modification is introduced to extend the method for three planes, i.e., two object planes and a hologram itself. The described method enables the design of low-noise and high-efficiency phase-only holograms using a numerical Fresnel propagation algorithm. The source method is described, followed by the modified algorithm. Numerical simulation results and algorithm parameters are discussed, followed by a discussion of the method limitations.
miR-103 promotes endothelial maladaptation by targeting lncWDR59 (2018)

Blood flow at arterial bifurcations and curvatures is naturally disturbed. Endothelial cells (ECs) fail to adapt to disturbed flow, which transcriptionally direct ECs toward a maladapted phenotype, characterized by chronic regeneration of injured ECs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate EC maladaptation through targeting of protein-coding RNAs. However, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), known epigenetic regulators of biological processes, can also be miRNA targets, but their contribution on EC maladaptation is unclear. Here we show that hyperlipidemia- and oxLDL-induced upregulation of miR-103 inhibits EC proliferation and promotes endothelial DNA damage through targeting of novel lncWDR59. MiR-103 impedes lncWDR59 interaction with Notch1-inhibitor Numb, therefore affecting Notch1-induced EC proliferation. Moreover, miR-103 increases the susceptibility of proliferating ECs to oxLDL-induced mitotic aberrations, characterized by an increased micronucleic formation and DNA damage accumulation, by affecting Notch1-related β-catenin co-activation. Collectively, these data indicate that miR-103 programs ECs toward a maladapted phenotype through targeting of lncWDR59, which may promote atherosclerosis.
Review of the methods of determination of directed connectivity from multichannel data (2011)

The methods applied for estimation of functional connectivity from multichannel data are described with special emphasis on the estimators of directedness such as directed transfer function (DTF) and partial directed coherence. These estimators based on multivariate autoregressive model are free of pitfalls connected with application of bivariate measures. The examples of applications illustrating the performance of the methods are given. Time-varying estimators of directedness: short-time DTF and adaptive methods are presented.
Synthesis and Characterization of Hydrogels Based on Poly(vinyl alcohol)-<i>g</i>-Poly(styrene) Copolymers (2005)

A useful hydrogel for supporting and/or entrapping living microorganisms has been developed by the syntheses of graft copolymers based on vinyl alcohol and styrene, PVOH-g-PS, and through the formation of macro- and microporous structures formed under the slow evaporation of a toluene/dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO, mixture of solvents. The PVOH-g-PS copolymer was obtained by the methanolysis of the vinyl acetate part of a previously bulk-polymerized poly(vinyl acetate)-g-poly(styrene) copolymer, PVAc-g-PS. To produce the so-called PVOH-g-PS hydrogel, polymer films formed by the evaporation of a toluene/DMSO mixture were subjected to different freeze/thaw cycles in order to crystallize the PVOH part of the copolymer. Calorimetric studies carried out on these types of hydrogels show melting endothermic transitions that correspond to fusion of the PVOH, and the crystallization areas increase with the number of freeze/thaw cycles. The low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy images reveal that the PVOH-g-PS copolymer can form films with homogeneous macro- and micropore size distributions interconnected by a cheese-like structure where the microorganisms can be supported and/or entrapped.
Clonal selection in the human Vδ1 T cell repertoire indicates γδ TCR-dependent adaptive immune surveillance (2017)

γδ T cells are considered to be innate-like lymphocytes that respond rapidly to stress without clonal selection and differentiation. Here we use next-generation sequencing to probe how this paradigm relates to human Vδ2<sup>neg</sup> T cells, implicated in responses to viral infection and cancer. The prevalent Vδ1 T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire is private and initially unfocused in cord blood, typically becoming strongly focused on a few high-frequency clonotypes by adulthood. Clonal expansions have differentiated from a naive to effector phenotype associated with CD27 downregulation, retaining proliferative capacity and TCR sensitivity, displaying increased cytotoxic markers and altered homing capabilities, and remaining relatively stable over time. Contrastingly, Vδ2<sup>+</sup> T cells express semi-invariant TCRs, which are present at birth and shared between individuals. Human Vδ1<sup>+</sup> T cells have therefore evolved a distinct biology from the Vδ2<sup>+</sup> subset, involving a central, personalized role for the γδ TCR in directing a highly adaptive yet unconventional form of immune surveillance.
Deep visual foresight for planning robot motion (2017)

A key challenge in scaling up robot learning to many skills and environments is removing the need for human supervision, so that robots can collect their own data and improve their own performance without being limited by the cost of requesting human feedback. Model-based reinforcement learning holds the promise of enabling an agent to learn to predict the effects of its actions, which could provide flexible predictive models for a wide range of tasks and environments, without detailed human supervision. We develop a method for combining deep action-conditioned video prediction models with model-predictive control that uses entirely unlabeled training data. Our approach does not require a calibrated camera, an instrumented training set-up, nor precise sensing and actuation. Our results show that our method enables a real robot to perform nonprehensile manipulation - pushing objects - and can handle novel objects not seen during training.
Hybrid imidazole (benzimidazole)/pyridine (quinoline) derivatives and evaluation of their anticancer and antimycobacterial activity (2016)

The design, synthesis, structure, and in vitro anticancer and antimycobacterial activity of new hybrid imidazole (benzimidazole)/pyridine (quinoline) derivatives are described. The strategy adopted for synthesis is straight and efficient, involving a three-step setup procedure: N-acylation, N-alkylation, and quaternization of nitrogen heterocycle. The solubility in microbiological medium and anticancer and antimycobacterial activity of a selection of new synthesized compounds were evaluated. The hybrid derivatives have an excellent solubility in microbiological medium, which make them promising from the pharmacological properties point of view. One of the hybrid compounds, 9 (with a benzimidazole and 8-aminoquinoline skeleton), exhibits a very good and selective antitumor activity against Renal Cancer A498 and Breast Cancer MDA-MB-468. Moreover, the anticancer assay suggests that the hybrid Imz (Bimz)/2-AP (8-AQ) compounds present a specific affinity to Renal Cancer A498. Concerning the antimycobacterial activity, only the hybrid compound, 9, has a significant activity. SAR correlations have been performed.
Consensus on Microembolus Detection by TCD (1998)

Transcranial Doppler ultrasound is capable of detecting microembolic material, both gaseous and solid, within the intracranial cerebral arteries. To avoid discrediting this promising and exciting new technique, experts in this field met in January 1997 in Frankfurt, Germany, to discuss the limitations and problems of embolus detection and to determine guidelines for its proper use in clinical practice, as well as in scientific investigations. In particular, the authors suggest that studies report the following parameters: (1) ultrasound device, (2) transducer type and size, (3) insonated artery, (4) insonation depth, (5) algorithms for signal intensity measurement, (6) scale settings, (7) detection threshold, (8) axial extension of sample volume, (9) fast Fourier transform (FFT) size (number of points used), (10) FFT length (time), (11) FFT overlap, (12) transmitted ultrasound frequency, (13) high-pass filter settings, and (14) recording time. There was agreement that no current system of automatic embolus detection has the required sensitivity and specificity for clinical use.
A hyperlink and issue network analysis of the United States Senate: A rediscovery of the Web as a relational and topical medium (2010)

Abstract Politicians' Web sites have been considered a medium for organizing, mobilizing, and agenda‐setting, but extant literature lacks a systematic approach to interpret the Web sites of senators—a new medium for political communication. This study classifies the role of political Web sites into relational (hyperlinking) and topical (shared‐issues) aspects. The two aspects may be viewed from a social embeddedness perspective and three facets, as K. Foot and S. Schneider ( 2002 ) suggested. This study employed network analysis, a set of research procedures for identifying structures in social systems, as the basis of the relations among the system's components rather than the attributes of individuals. Hyperlink and issue data were gathered from the United States Senate Web site and Yahoo. Major findings include: (a) The hyperlinks are more targeted at Democratic senators than at Republicans and are a means of communication for senators and users; (b) the issue network found from the Web is used for discussing public agendas and is more highly utilized by Republican senators; (c) the hyperlink and issue networks are correlated; and (d) social relationships and issue ecologies can be effectively detected by these two networks. The need for further research is addressed.
Artificial Lift in the Montrose Field, North Sea (1989)

Summary Electric submersible pumps (ESP's) have been in operation in the Montrose field since 1979. Initially, very low run lives were reported, but continued efforts have increased these run lives significantly. A hydraulic-jet-pump pilot scheme implemented in the field is operating satisfactorily.
Interspecies differences in enzymes reacting with organophosphates and their inhibition by paraoxon in vitro (1996)

1 Inhibition of cholinesterases (ChE) and carboxylesterases (CaE) by paraoxon (Px) was studied in vitro in the serum, liver, lung and muscle of mouse, guinea pig, rabbit and man (serum only). Moreover, the role of Px hydrolyzing enzyme (Pxase) in the detoxification of Px was studied by inhibiting its activity with EDTA. 2 The ChE and CaE activities as well as their sensitivity to Px varied in different tissues and species. The ChEs were more sensitive than CaEs to Px except in the liver. The CaE activity in human and rabbit sera was low and resistant to Px, indicating that it may have a minor importance for the binding of Px. 3 The Px-inhibited ChEs were spontaneously reactivated in the mouse and rabbit sera during 24 h. In mouse, also the CaE activity was recovered. The presence of EDTA in the incubation medium prevented this reactivation indicating that Pxase takes part in the reactivation process. 4 In rabbit, the serum Pxase activity was very high suggesting a good Px detoxifying capacity of the rabbit serum. 5 The results show that amounts and sensitivities of esterases to OPs in rodents may markedly differ from that in man. Possible species-related differences in the affinity of ChEs and CaEs for OPs and the OP hydrolyzing activity should be taken into the consideration, when animal data are extrapolated to man.