gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low frequency absorption by active control of impedance (2004)

8 pages, 5 figures.-- Comunicación presentada en: XXXV Congreso Español de Acústica – TecniAcústica 2004, IV Congreso Iberoamericano de Acústica, IV Congreso Ibérico de Acústica y EAA Symposium "Environmental and Architectural Acoustics" (Guimaraes, 14-17 Sep 2004).
Molecular Cloning and Expression of cDNA Encoding a Peripheral-type Benzodiazepine Receptor (1989)

This report describes the cloning of a full length cDNA encoding PKBS, a protein of approximately 17 kDa associated with peripheral-type benzodiazepine binding sites. Cyanogen bromide digestion of purified PKBS yielded several peptide fragments which were subjected to gas-phase sequencing. Based on these partial amino acid sequences, oligonucleotide probes were used to screen a rat adrenal cDNA library. Several hybridizing clones were isolated which were found to contain overlapping sequences. The longest cDNA spanned 781 base pairs and specified an open reading frame of 169 amino acids which matched all of the peptide sequences. Northern analysis with this PKBS cDNA probe in different rat tissues revealed one RNA species of approximately 850 nucleotides exhibiting relative abundances qualitatively comparable with the densities of peripheral-type benzodiazepine binding sites in each tissue. The PKBS cDNA was cloned into an eukaryotic expression vector placing it under transcriptional control of the beta-globin promoter and SV40 enhancer. Transfection of the transformed human kidney 293 cell line with this recombinant vector resulted in stoichiometric increases of about 900 fmol/mg of protein in binding capacities for Ro5-4864 (4'-chlorodiazepam) and PK 11195, two peripheral-type benzodiazepine ligands. These increases were accounted for by the expression of binding sites with approximate dissociation constants of 5 nM for PK 11195 and 8 nM for Ro5-4864, thereby distinguishing the expressed binding sites as being characteristic of the receptor from rat origin rather than of the host human-derived cell line. The rank order of potency of different ligands to compete against [3H]Ro5-4864 binding in the transfected cells was PK 11195 greater than Ro5-4864 greater than diazepam greater than protoporphyrin IX greater than clonazepam, consistent with the specificity characteristic of rat peripheral-type benzodiazepine binding sites. These studies suggest that PKBS comprises binding domains for benzodiazepines and isoquinoline carboxamides and hence is apparently responsible for the manifestation of peripheral-type benzodiazepine recognition sites.
Identification of Common and Unique Peptide Substrate Preferences for the UDP-GalNAc:Polypeptide α-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases T1 and T2 Derived from Oriented Random Peptide Substrates (2006)

A large family of UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (ppGalNAc Ts) catalyzes the first step of mucin-type protein O-glycosylation by transferring GalNAc to serine and threonine residues of acceptor polypeptides. The acceptor peptide substrate specificity and specific protein targets of the individual ppGalNAc T family members remain poorly characterized and poorly understood, despite the fact that mutations in two individual isoforms are deleterious to man and the fly. In this work a series of oriented random peptide substrate libraries, based on the GAGAXXXTXXXAGAGK sequence motif (where X = randomized positions), have been used to obtain the first comprehensive determination of the peptide substrate specificities of the mammalian ppGalNAc T1 and T2 isoforms. ppGalNAc T-glycosylated random peptides were isolated by lectin affinity chromatography, and transferase amino acid preferences were determined by Edman amino acid sequencing. The results reveal common and unique position-sensitive features for both transferases, consistent with previous reports of the preferences of ppGalNAc T1 and T2. The random peptide substrates also reveal additional specific features that have never been described before that are consistent with the x-ray crystal structures of the two transferases and furthermore are reflected in a data base analysis of in vivo O-glycosylation sites. By using the transferase-specific preferences, optimum and selective acceptor peptide substrates have been generated for each transferase. This approach represents a relatively complete, facile, and reproducible method for obtaining ppGalNAc T peptide substrate specificity. Such information will be invaluable for identifying isoform-specific peptide acceptors, creating isoform-specific substrates, and predicting O-glycosylation sites.
Blockade of individual Notch ligands and receptors controls graft-versus-host disease (2013)

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is the main complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Current strategies to control GVHD rely on global immunosuppression. These strategies are incompletely effective and decrease the anticancer activity of the allogeneic graft. We previously identified Notch signaling in T cells as a new therapeutic target for preventing GVHD. Notch-deprived T cells showed markedly decreased production of inflammatory cytokines, but normal in vivo proliferation, increased accumulation of regulatory T cells, and preserved anticancer effects. Here, we report that γ-secretase inhibitors can block all Notch signals in alloreactive T cells, but lead to severe on-target intestinal toxicity. Using newly developed humanized antibodies and conditional genetic models, we demonstrate that Notch1/Notch2 receptors and the Notch ligands Delta-like1/4 mediate all the effects of Notch signaling in T cells during GVHD, with dominant roles for Notch1 and Delta-like4. Notch1 inhibition controlled GVHD, but led to treatment-limiting toxicity. In contrast, Delta-like1/4 inhibition blocked GVHD without limiting adverse effects while preserving substantial anticancer activity. Transient blockade in the peritransplant period provided durable protection. These findings open new perspectives for selective and safe targeting of individual Notch pathway components in GVHD and other T cell-mediated human disorders.
A broadband UWA communication system: based on COFDM modulation (2002)

In this paper, a novel modulation scheme for UWA communications which uses coherent pseudo-random phase carrier COFDM modulation is presented. The new system configuration shares the advantages of the correlating receiver of the direct sequence spread spectrum (DS-SS) system and COFDM modulation. A key feature of the new system is that a pseudo-random Gaussian noise (PRGN) signal can be used as a channel sounding probe for measuring the complex channel transfer function for the frequency domain signal equalization. The PRGN signal itself can be optimized to the available dynamic range of the transmitter DAC in order to provide the best peak-to-rms ratio (or equivalently, the crest factor). Because of the unique random phase sequence used for the optimization process, synchronization can be achieved by linear cross correlation between the received signal and a known replica phase sequence in the receiver. By virtue of the frequency domain equalization and maximum likelihood Viterbi decoding, the system is shown to have high stability and can operate with low BER at extremely low SNR conditions.
Evaluation of synchronous-rectification efficiency improvement limits in forward converters (1995)

Design trade-offs for different implementations of the forward power converter with synchronous rectifiers are presented, and effects of the synchronous rectifier driving method on the conversion efficiency are evaluated. Specifically, the merits and limitations of the RCD-clamp and active-clamp reset approaches for a power converter with self-driven synchronous rectifiers are discussed. Estimates of the upper limits of the efficiency improvements of the discussed synchronous rectification approaches relative to the Schottky diode implementation are derived. Finally, experimental comparisons of efficiencies for an offline, 3.3 V/20 A forward power converter power stage are presented and compared with the theoretically estimated ones.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Development of the Retina in the Porcine Fetus A Light Microscopic Study (1990)

Morphogenesis of the porcine retina was studied using light microscopy from 4 weeks of gestation until birth (18 to 310 mm crown-rump length), and compared with the adult stage (6 months). Tissue samples were examined from the posterior and peripheral parts of the retina. At 18 mm the retina consists of an inner marginal layer and an outer layer of neuroblastic cells. At 18-40 mm the latter layer is divided into an inner and an outer neuroblastic layer by the transient layer of Chievitz. Subsequently, the development of the different retinal layers begins at the inner retinal border and moves progressively outwards; it also spreads from the posterior to the peripheral part of the neural retina. Many cells of the inner neuroblastic layer are prospective ganglionic cells which migrate inwards, thus forming the ganglion cell layer and the inner plexiform layer at 90 mm. At 120 mm, primitive horizontal cells appear within the outer neuroblastic layer. Separation of this layer into the inner nuclear, outer plexiform and outer nuclear layers is first evident at 180 mm. At this stage all retinal layers are present, except the layer of the photoreceptor cells which is not widespread until at 220 mm. The inner and outer segments of the photoreceptor cells lengthen considerably during the last month of gestation. During the late fetal stage the nerve fiber layer, the inner and outer plexiform layers and the layer of rods and cones all continue to increase in thickness. Concurrently, the ganglion cell layer and the inner and outer nuclear layers have reached their maximal thickness and become thinner. After the total thickness of the neural retina amounts to approximately 180 microns at two to three weeks before birth, it then thins to approximately 160 microns in the adult stage.
Uracil within DNA: an actor of antiviral immunity (2008)

Uracil is a natural base of RNA but may appear in DNA through two different pathways including cytosine deamination or misincorporation of deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate nucleotide (dUTP) during DNA replication and constitutes one of the most frequent DNA lesions. In cellular organisms, such lesions are faithfully cleared out through several universal DNA repair mechanisms, thus preventing genome injury. However, several recent studies have brought some pieces of evidence that introduction of uracil bases in viral genomic DNA intermediates during genome replication might be a way of innate immune defence against some viruses. As part of countermeasures, numerous viruses have developed powerful strategies to prevent emergence of uracilated viral genomes and/or to eliminate uracils already incorporated into DNA. This review will present the current knowledge about the cellular and viral countermeasures against uracils in DNA and the implications of these uracils as weapons against viruses.
Remdesivir Metabolite GS-441524 Effectively Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Mouse Models (2021)

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in a global pandemic due to the rapid spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). At the time of this manuscript's publication, remdesivir is the only COVID-19 treatment approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. However, its effectiveness is still under question due to the results of the large Solidarity Trial conducted by the World Health Organization. Herein, we report that the parent nucleoside of remdesivir, GS-441524, potently inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in Vero E6 and other cell lines. Challenge studies in both an AAV-hACE2 mouse model of SARS-CoV-2 and in mice infected with murine hepatitis virus, a closely related coronavirus, showed that GS-441524 was highly efficacious in reducing the viral titers in CoV-infected organs without notable toxicity. Our results support that GS-441524 is a promising and inexpensive drug candidate for treating of COVID-19 and other CoV diseases.
Fast, sensitive, and accurate integration of single cell data with Harmony (2018)

Abstract The rapidly emerging diversity of single cell RNAseq datasets allows us to characterize the transcriptional behavior of cell types across a wide variety of biological and clinical conditions. With this comprehensive breadth comes a major analytical challenge. The same cell type across tissues, from different donors, or in different disease states, may appear to express different genes. A joint analysis of multiple datasets requires the integration of cells across diverse conditions. This is particularly challenging when datasets are assayed with different technologies in which real biological differences are interspersed with technical differences. We present Harmony, an algorithm that projects cells into a shared embedding in which cells group by cell type rather than dataset-specific conditions. Unlike available single-cell integration methods, Harmony can simultaneously account for multiple experimental and biological factors. We develop objective metrics to evaluate the quality of data integration. In four separate analyses, we demonstrate the superior performance of Harmony to four single-cell-specific integration algorithms. Moreover, we show that Harmony requires dramatically fewer computational resources. It is the only available algorithm that makes the integration of ∼ 10 6 cells feasible on a personal computer. We demonstrate that Harmony identifies both broad populations and fine-grained subpopulations of PBMCs from datasets with large experimental differences. In a meta-analysis of 14,746 cells from 5 studies of human pancreatic islet cells, Harmony accounts for variation among technologies and donors to successfully align several rare subpopulations. In the resulting integrated embedding, we identify a previously unidentified population of potentially dysfunctional alpha islet cells, enriched for genes active in the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress response. The abundance of these alpha cells correlates across donors with the proportion of dysfunctional beta cells also enriched in ER stress response genes. Harmony is a fast and flexible general purpose integration algorithm that enables the identification of shared fine-grained subpopulations across a variety of experimental and biological conditions.
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Aripiprazole Lauroxil in Acute Exacerbation of Schizophrenia (2015)

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01469039; Clinicaltrialsregister.eu identifier: 2012-003445-15.
Decreased Connexin 43 and Increased Fibrosis in Atrial Regions Susceptible to Complex Fractionated Atrial Electrograms (2009)

These results suggested that the decreased expression of Cx43 and enhanced myocardial fibrosis at CFAE sites of the left atrium may be the structure abnormalities underlying CFAE.
Peak Velocity Measurements in Tortuous Arteries With Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2013)

The results of the current study show that velocity measurements with a unidirectional encoded through-plane PC sequence lead to a significant underestimation of velocity values in tortuous vessels. In all 3 evaluated segments of the distal internal carotid artery, multidirectional velocity encoding revealed significantly higher PV values than those of unidirectional velocity encoding. These results indicate that multidirectional encoding should be preferred to unidirectional encoding for velocity measurements in tortuous vessels. Furthermore, 4D PC-MRI is superior to 2D-3dir in 2 of 3 locations. However, single-slice measurements with multidirectional velocity encoding have higher SNR and may be an alternative to 4D PC-MRI with a scan time of only approximately 90 seconds per slice.
Selected issues in sport-related concussion (SRC|mild traumatic brain injury) for the team physician: a consensus statement (2021)

Selected Issues in Sport-Related Concussion (SRC|Mild Traumatic Brain Injury) for the Team Physician: A Consensus Statement is title 22 in a series of annual consensus documents written for the practicing team physician. This document provides an overview of selected medical issues important to team physicians who are responsible for athletes with sports-related concussion (SRC). This statement was developed by the Team Physician Consensus Conference (TPCC), an annual project-based alliance of six major professional associations. The goal of this TPCC statement is to assist the team physician in providing optimal medical care for the athlete with SRC.
Route generation for warehouse management using fast heuristics (2005)

In this paper, fast heuristics for a centralized multi-agent route planner are presented and computationally evaluated. We solve a sub-problem of warehouse scheduling involving the routing of intelligent agents as a preliminary step in optimizing the total schedule. The problem involves the generation of routes for automated agents tasked with the transfer of items within a warehouse from storage pallets to a common loading shed. The goal is to minimize the total distance of the routes and the number of routes generated. This constitutes a multiple-objective optimization problem which is NP-hard and hence can take a prohibitively long time to solve using existing search-based techniques. The approach adapted here is to model the system as a split delivery vehicle routing problem (SDVRP) with grid distances and to solve it using heuristics based on tested operations research concepts. Twenty-two such heuristics are tested including the well-known greedy nearest-neighbor (NN) heuristic, and the established savings heuristic of Clarke and Wright. The author introduces two SDVRP variations of the NN algorithm, namely the nearest-fill (NF) and nearest-fill farthest-start (NFFS) heuristics. Existing SDVRP improvement procedures are also considered and generalized to produce numerous heuristic variations. This novel approach of applying fast vehicle routing heuristics to multi-agent routing has the advantage of yielding good quality results within a very short period of time. The results of the study show that the greedy NFFS heuristic combined with the improvement procedures, consistently produces superior results with regard to minimization of distance and the number of routes in an the instances tested.
Rapid Immune Recovery and Graft-versus-Host Disease–like Engraftment Syndrome following Adoptive Transfer of Costimulated Autologous T Cells (2009)

Adoptive T-cell transfers achieve robust T-cell recovery early after transplant and induce moderate-to-severe autologous GVHD in a subset of patients.
Adipogenesis for soft tissue reconstruction (2019)

Autologous fat tissue transfer is the standard of care technique for the majority of surgeons; however, high resorption rates, poor perfusion within a large volume fat graft and widely inconsistent graft survival are the main limitations. Adipose tissue engineering is a promising field to reach the first goal of producing adipose tissue which has more predictable survival and higher graft retention rates. Advancements of scaffold and vascularization strategies will contribute to metabolically and functionally more relevant adipose tissue engineering.
Stradx: real-time acquisition and visualisation of freehand 3D ultrasound (1998)

Conventional freehand 3D ultrasound is a multi-stage process. First, the clinician scans the area of interest. Next, the ultrasound data is used to construct a 3D voxel array, which can then be visualised by, for example, any-plane slicing. The strict separation of data acquisition and visualisation disturbs the interactive nature of the ultrasound examination. Furthermore, some systems require the clinician to wait for an unacceptable amount of time while the voxel array is constructed. In this paper, we describe a novel freehand 3D ultrasound system which allows exceptionally accurate acquisition of the raw data and immediate visualisation of arbitrary slices through the data. Minimal processing separates the acquisition and visualisation processes, with the result that fine detail present in the B-scans is preserved in the synthesised slices.
Processing Magnetometer Signals for Accurate Wide-Area Geomagnetic Disturbance Monitoring and Resilience Analysis (2020)

Geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs) can disrupt the operation of power systems by inducing a quasi-dc voltage and generating geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) in a vast area of the power systems. This gives rise to the importance of wide-area monitoring of magnetic field on earth's surface. Assessment of power system resiliency against GMDs requires an accurate calculation of GIC flows, which is achieved by wide-area monitoring of the magnetic field B, and processing the B signals that are recorded by magnetometers on the earth's surface. In this paper, a method is proposed to denoise the B signal. Spikes in the signal are detected using a stationary wavelet transform and then replaced. Time derivative of B signal is taken by a continuous wavelet transform to prevent amplification of the noises. Furthermore, a quantitative analysis is performed to detect the optimum sampling frequency to overcome the practical limitations associated with transmitting the recorded B signal and to modify peaks of dB/dt signal negligibly. It is demonstrated that a sampling frequency of 1/15 Hz satisfies these conditions. Finally, GICs in a 118-bus benchmark power system are calculated with respect to a realistic geomagnetic storm to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed signal processing method.
Lysosomal enzyme cytochemistry of blood neutrophils. (1978)

Patients with bacterial infection may show altered membrane permeability of the primary azurophilic lysosomes of blood neutrophils. A new enzyme cytochemical technique, sensitive to increased membrane permeability caused by contact of neutrophils with acetone, saponin, low pH, Streptolysin O, bacteria, and nylon wool, has been developed. The method is of potential value as a screening test for bacterial infection and for detecting neutrophil damage during filtration leucopheresis.
제20대 국회 개헌특위와 정개특위의 실패 원인 (2020)

제20대 국회는 출발점에서부터 많은 곡절을 겪었다. 더불어민주당에서 국민의당이 분리됨으로 인해 새누리당의 압승이 예상되던 선거가 새누리당내에서의 공천 갈등이 극심해지면서 오히려 민주당이 제1당이 되었으며, 제2당인 새누리당, 제3당인 국민의당, 제4당인 정의당이 각기 원내정당으로 진출함에 따라 정치권의 판도가 새롭게 재편되었다.
2016년 최순실 사태가 터지면서 박근혜 대통령의 탄핵 문제가 가장 뜨거운 이슈가 되었고, 제20대 국회에서 탄핵소추를 하는 과정에서 새누리당내부에서 이른바 친박과 비박이 나뉘면서 비박의 탄핵소추 찬성으로 인해 탄핵소추안이 국회를 통과할 수 있었다. 이후 헌법재판소에서 박근혜 대통령에 대한 탄핵결정이 내려지기까지 국회뿐만 아니라 전 국민이 적지 않은 혼란과 갈등을 겪어야 했다.
국회의 탄핵소추안이 헌법재판소에 제출된 상태에서 제20대 국회는 개헌특위를 구성하였다. 1987년 제9차 개헌 이후 30년 만에 처음 구성된 개헌특위는 최순실 사태를 통해 확인된 제왕적 대통령제를 극복한다는 공감대에서 출발한 것이었지만, 결과적으로 성과는 없었다. 그 원인으로는 여러 가지가 지적되지만, 무엇보다 2017년 5월 9일 치러진 대통령선거로 인해 정치권의 관심이 개헌을 떠난 탓이 가장 크다고 볼 수 있다.
개헌특위가 성과 없이 끝난 후에 2018년 개헌과 정치개혁을 동시에 추진하기 위한 헌정특위가 구성되었으나 역시 성과를 보이지 못했다. 그리고 다시금 국회 내에 정치개혁을 위한 정개특위가 구성되어 주로 선거법개정을 추진하였다. 그 결과 공직선거법이 개정되고 이른바 (준)연동형 비례대표제가 도입되었으나, 실패한 개혁으로 평가되고 있다.
왜 제20대 국회의 개헌특위와 정개특위를 통한 정치개혁은 실패했던 것일까? 그 주된 원인으로는 개혁을 위한 치열함의 부족과 더불어 개혁 대상에 대한 충분한 연구의 부족을 들 수 있을 것이다. 즉, 국민적 공감대를 형성하면서 개헌을 성공시키겠다는 치열함의 부족이 개헌의 실패로 나타났으며, 독일식 연동형 비례대표제에 대한 이해의 부족이 공직선거법 개정을 통한 선거제도 개혁의 실패로 이어진 것이다.
이러한 문제들을 조망하는 가운데 제21대 국회가 같은 실패를 반복하지 않도록 하기 위해 필요한 점들을 검토하는 것이 이 논문의 목적이다.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Substitution in Diphenylmethyl Derivatives. Part 1. Formolysis of Diarylmethyl Derivatives: An α‐Substituent Effect. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.