gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimated Energy Requirements of Infants and Young Children up to 24 Months of Age (2021)

This updated set of EERs for infants and young children expand and improve upon the methodology used to establish previous published guidelines. These estimates have multiple potential uses including planning age-appropriate menus for the complementary feeding period, the development of foods that are more precisely targeted to the needs of infants and children at particular ages, and establishing macronutrient requirements within specific age groups based on a percentage of energy, such as dietary fat.
Parameterized nonuniformity corrections (NUC) for non-temperature stabilized InGaAs SWIR sensing (2010)

Military applications for conventional InGaAs SWIR sensing have been limited by the requirement of thermoelectric cooler (TEC) temperature stabilization for nonuniformity correction (NUC). TEC operation restricts the operating temperature range and size, weight, and power (SWAP) of these systems. For battery-powered man portable and micro UAV applications elimination of the TEC is critical. This paper discusses the advantages of our non-TEC temperature parameterized NUC corrections algorithms versus TEC stabilized architectures. The corrections algorithms enable performance-tuned polynomial order correction of both pixel uniformity and temperature parameterization for each SWIR sensor. These advances enable SWIR InGaAs sensing to meet the SWAP requirements of next generation military applications.
N-Terminal Ubiquitination (2005)

An important step in the ubiquitin proteolytic cascade is specific recognition of the substrate by a member of the ubiquitin ligases family of proteins-an E3, that is followed by generation of the polyubiquitin degradation signal. For most substrates, it is believed, though it has been demonstrated experimentally only for a few, that the first ubiquitin moiety is conjugated, via its C-terminal Gly76 residue, to an epsilon-NH2 group of an internal Lys residue. Recent findings indicate that for several proteins, the first ubiquitin moiety is fused linearly to the alpha-NH2 group of the N-terminal residue. Important biological questions relate (1) to the evolutionary requirement for an alternative mode of ubiquitination, (2) to the identity of the set of proteins in the proteome that undergoes N-terminal ubiquitination, and (3) to the relationship between N-terminal ubiquitination and N-terminal acetylation. In this chapter we describe methods that will enable researchers to identify this novel mode of ubiquitination.
Inhibition of aqueous degradation of Y1Ba2Cu3O7−<i>x</i> high-<i>T</i> <i>c</i> superconductor by nitrogen ion implantation (1989)

The influence of 60-keV N+2 ion implantation on the aqueous degradation of the Y1Ba2Cu3O7−x high-Tc superconductor is studied by the small-angle x-ray diffraction technique. Structural depth profiling is performed by registering the x-ray data at several small angles of incidence between 0.3° and 10.0° within Seeman–Bohlin geometry. Examination of samples implanted at a dose value of 3×1017 ions/cm2 and subjected to different aqueous treatments reveals that implantation arrests the degradation process and imparts structural stability to the superconductor. Resistivity temperature data are also provided for specific cases of interest.
Genetic predisposition to mosaic Y chromosome loss in blood (2019)

Mosaic loss of chromosome Y (LOY) in circulating white blood cells is the most common form of clonal mosaicism<sup>1-5</sup>, yet our knowledge of the causes and consequences of this is limited. Here, using a computational approach, we estimate that 20% of the male population represented in the UK Biobank study (n = 205,011) has detectable LOY. We identify 156 autosomal genetic determinants of LOY, which we replicate in 757,114 men of European and Japanese ancestry. These loci highlight genes that are involved in cell-cycle regulation and cancer susceptibility, as well as somatic drivers of tumour growth and targets of cancer therapy. We demonstrate that genetic susceptibility to LOY is associated with non-haematological effects on health in both men and women, which supports the hypothesis that clonal haematopoiesis is a biomarker of genomic instability in other tissues. Single-cell RNA sequencing identifies dysregulated expression of autosomal genes in leukocytes with LOY and provides insights into why clonal expansion of these cells may occur. Collectively, these data highlight the value of studying clonal mosaicism to uncover fundamental mechanisms that underlie cancer and other ageing-related diseases.
Effective Bioconversion with Continuous Product Recovery Using AOT/Lecithin Mixed Reverse Micellar Systems and Centrifugal Partition Chromatography as a Novel Bioreactor (1995)

Abstract The application of reverse micellar micro‐bioreactor systems for enzymatic conversion with continuous recovery of water‐soluble products was demonstrated, based on the production of galactose by micelles containing β‐galactosidase (β‐gal). The β‐gal was firmly encapsulated in AOT (bis(2‐ethylhexyl)sodium sulfosuccinate)/Lecithin mixed micelles. The addition of lecithin to the AOT reverse micelles stabilized the micellar interface, and the leakage of the encapsulated β‐gal to the bulk aqueous phase was therefore negligible, while substrate and product were free to transfer and partition owing to their low molecular weights. The stability of the solubilized β‐gal was also increased in the AOT/Lecithin mixed micelles as compared to the conventional AOT micelles. A considerably higher activity was observed in the present systems than in the bulk buffer solution. Enzymatic conversion and product recovery was carried out in a continuous operation mode by use of centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC), employing the reverse micellar solution with encapsulated β‐gal as the stationary phase and the substrate aqueous solution as the mobile phase. Use of the CPC contactor eliminated any mass transfer limitation on the substrate and the product, and galactose was continuously recovered in the effluent. The recovery of galactose continued for a period of 5 h with more than a 85% conversion at the optimum operating condition. This reverse micellar micro‐bioreactor system was thus found to be very effective for the continuous production and recovery of hydrophilic products.
Novel MIMO Detection With Improved Complexity for Near-ML Detection in MIMO-OFDM Systems (2019)

In this paper, a novel efficient algorithm for MIMO detection in MIMO-OFDM systems has been proposed. This paper also shows that the complexity can be greatly reduced by applying the threshold in the breadth-first tree search algorithm step to eliminating paths. That is, this algorithm derives thresholds based on the LR-aided nonlinear algorithm and performs a simple tree search detection algorithm. This algorithm requires a lower computational complexity than the conventional QRD-M detection algorithm and achieves the same bit error performance. After the novel detection algorithm is proposed, this paper applies this algorithm to the MIMO-OFDM system for performance comparison in terms of error performance and complexity. In many cases of MIMO-OFDM receivers, the proposed method will be an excellent option for implementation.
Use of Serum FSH to Identify Perimenopausal Women with Pituitary hCG (2008)

These data indicate that quantitative serum FSH can be used to rule out pregnancy and hCG of placental origin in women 41-55 years of age with mild increase in serum hCG concentrations.
COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENTS IN MICROALGAL BIOTECHNOLOGY (1999)

A number of important advances have occurred in microalgal biotechnology in recent years that are slowly moving the field into new areas. New products are being developed for use in the mass commercial markets as opposed to the “health food” markets. These include algal‐derived long‐chained polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly docosahexaenoic acid, for use as supplements in human nutrition and animals. Large‐scale production of algal fatty acids is possible through the use of heterotrophic algae and the adaptation of classical fermentation systems providing consistent biomass under highly controlled conditions that result in a very high quality product. New products have also been developed for use in the development of pharmaceutical and research products. These include stable‐isotope biochemicals produced by algae in closed‐system photobioreactors and extremely bright fluorescent pigments. Cryopreservation has also had a tremendous impact on the ability of strains to be maintained for long periods of time at low cost and maintenance while preserving genetic stability.
Comparative <i>In Vitro</i> Activities of Nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a Novel Nonfluorinated Quinolone, and Other Quinolones against Clinical Isolates (2010)

The in vitro antibacterial activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 770 clinical isolates were investigated. Nemonoxacin (tested as its malate salt, TG-875649) showed better in vitro activity than ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin against different species of staphylococci, streptococci, and enterococci, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Haemophilus influenzae. The in vitro activity of TG-875649 was also comparable to or better than that of moxifloxacin against these pathogens, which included ciprofloxacin-resistant, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and levofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.
R.A. Fisher and the making of maximum likelihood 1912-1922 (1997)

In 1922 R. A. Fisher introduced the method of maximum likelihood. He first presented the numerical procedure in 1912. This paper considers Fisher's changing justifications for the method, the concepts he developed around it (including likelihood, sufficiency, efficiency and information) and the approaches he discarded (including inverse probability).
From Keys to Databases—Real-World Applications of Secure Multi-Party Computation (2018)

We discuss the widely increasing range of applications of a cryptographic technique called multiparty computation. For many decades, this was perceived to be of purely theoretical interest, but now it has started to find application in a number of use cases. We highlight in this paper a number of these, ranging from securing small high-value items such as cryptographic keys, through to securing an entire database.
Flood of Fullerene Discoveries Continues Unabated (1992)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTFlood of Fullerene Discoveries Continues Unabated▪ Metal complexes, characterizations of larger fullerenes, and modifications of C are at forefront of researchRUDY M. BAUMView Author Information C&EN San FranciscoCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1992, 70, 22, 25–33Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1992Publication History Published online10 November 2010Published inissue 1 June 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v070n022.p025https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v070n022.p025newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1992 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views12Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Carbon nanomaterials,Nanospheres Get e-Alerts
Analysis of braking operations in present-day electric drives with asynchronous motors (2002)

The extensive use of microprocessors and electronic devices in electrical drives allows realization of easily improved braking operation with asynchronous motors. This paper presents a fast braking technique for a complete stop of induction motors. This technique is validated by simulation tests under different operating conditions.
LOST: localization-space trails for robot teams (2002)

We describe localization-space trails (LOST), a method that enables a team of robots to navigate between places of interest in an initially unknown environment using a trail of landmarks. The landmarks are not physical; they are waypoint coordinates generated online by each robot and shared with teammates. Waypoints are specified in each robot's local coordinate system, and contain references to features in the world that are relevant to the team's task and common to all robots. Using these task-level references, robots can share waypoints without maintaining a global coordinate system. The method is tested in a series of real-world multirobot experiments. The results demonstrate that the method: 1) copes with accumulating odometry error; 2) is robust to the failure of individual robots; 3) converges to the best route discovered by any robot in the team. In one experiment, a team of four autonomous mobile robots performs a resource transportation task in our uninstrumented office building. Despite significant divergence of their local coordinate systems, the robots are able to share waypoints, forming and following a common trail between two predetermined locations for more than three hours, traveling a total of 8.2 km (5.1 miles) before running out of power. Designed to scale to large populations, LOST is fully distributed, with low costs in processing, memory, and bandwidth. It combines metric data about the position of features in the world with instructions on how to get from one place to another; producing something between a map and a plan.
Vibration-based Condition Monitoring: Industrial, Aerospace and Automotive Applications (2011)

"Without doubt the best modern and up-to-date text on the topic, wirtten by one of the world leading experts in the field. Should be on the desk of any practitioner or researcher involved in the field of Machine Condition Monitoring" Simon Braun, Israel Institute of Technology Explaining complex ideas in an easy to understand way, Vibration-based Condition Monitoring provides a comprehensive survey of the application of vibration analysis to the condition monitoring of machines. Reflecting the natural progression of these systems by presenting the fundamental material
Molecular simulation of a single-chain antibody against AChE to explore molecular basis of inhibitory effect of 3F3 McAb on enzyme activity. (2003)

The spatial structure of the complex of Sc3F3 and AChE showed that Sc3F3 overlaid the entrance of the active center gorge of AChE blocking the access of substrate.
Inhibition of G-protein-coupled Receptor Kinase 2 (GRK2) Triggers the Growth-promoting Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Pathway (2013)

Inhibition of G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) is an emerging treatment option for heart failure. Because GRK2 is also indispensable for growth and development, we analyzed the impact of GRK2 inhibition on cell growth and proliferation. Inhibition of GRK2 by the dominant-negative GRK2-K220R did not affect the proliferation of cultured cells. In contrast, upon xenograft transplantation of cells into immunodeficient mice, the dominant-negative GRK2-K220R or a GRK2-specific peptide inhibitor increased tumor mass. The enhanced tumor growth upon GRK2 inhibition was attributed to the growth-promoting MAPK pathway because dual inhibition of the GRK2 and RAF-MAPK axis by the Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) did not increase tumor mass. The MAPK cascade contributed to the cardioprotective profile of GRK2 inhibition by preventing cardiomyocyte death, whereas dual inhibition of RAF/MAPK and GRK2 by RKIP induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, cardiac dysfunction, and signs of heart failure. Thus, cardioprotective signaling induced by GRK2 inhibition is overlapping with tumor growth promotion.
Sorting of <i>Drosophila</i> small silencing RNAs partitions microRNA* strands into the RNA interference pathway (2009)

In flies, small silencing RNAs are sorted between Argonaute1 (Ago1), the central protein component of the microRNA (miRNA) pathway, and Argonaute2 (Ago2), which mediates RNA interference. Extensive double-stranded character-as is found in small interfering RNAs (siRNAs)-directs duplexes into Ago2, whereas central mismatches, like those found in miRNA/miRNA* duplexes, direct duplexes into Ago1. Central to this sorting decision is the affinity of the small RNA duplex for the Dcr-2/R2D2 heterodimer, which loads small RNAs into Ago2. Here, we show that while most Drosophila miRNAs are bound to Ago1, miRNA* strands accumulate bound to Ago2. Like siRNA loading, efficient loading of miRNA* strands in Ago2 favors duplexes with a paired central region and requires both Dcr-2 and R2D2. Those miRNA and miRNA* sequences bound to Ago2, like siRNAs diced in vivo from long double-stranded RNA, typically begin with cytidine, whereas Ago1-bound miRNA and miRNA* disproportionately begin with uridine. Consequently, some pre-miRNA generate two or more isoforms from the same side of the stem that differentially partition between Ago1 and Ago2. Our findings provide the first genome-wide test for the idea that Drosophila small RNAs are sorted between Ago1 and Ago2 according to their duplex structure and the identity of their first nucleotide.
Interaction Analyses of Amyloid β Peptide (1–40) with Glycosaminoglycan Model Polymers (2010)

Abstract We synthesized a novel glycopolymer library with 6-sulfo-GlcNAc and glucuronic acid (GlcA) based on the structure of glycosaminoglycans. The molecular weights of the polymers were controlled via living radical polymerization. The interactions of Aβ(1–40) with glycopolymers were analyzed by inhibition activity of protein aggregation using ThT fluorescence assay, atomic force microscopy observation, and CD spectra. The inhibition activity of Aβ was much affected by the sugar structure and molecular weight of the polymer. The glycopolymers carrying 6-sulfo-GlcNAc showed inhibition activity toward Aβ aggregate, and those with 6-suflo-GlcNAc and GlcA showed the strong inhibition activity. The glycopolymer libraries yielded valuable information about Aβ aggregate with glycosaminoglycans.
Palladium catalyzed polyhetero-Claisen rearrangement (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPalladium catalyzed polyhetero-Claisen rearrangementYoshinao Tamaru, Musahiro Kagotani, and Zenichi YoshidaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 25, 5221–5223Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01313a047https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01313a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views236Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dopant Activation and Redistribution in As+‐Implanted Polycrystalline Si by Rapid Thermal Processing (1985)

Dopant activation and redistribution in 75As+‐implanted (100 keV, ) polysilicon films following rapid thermal processing (RTP) are reported. For the annealing conditions used (10–30s exposure to a 1150°C graphite heater), significant arsenic redistribution was observed, unlike the case of comparably implanted and annealed single‐crystal silicon. For uncapped films, surface loss of arsenic during RTP resulted in high sheet resistance; however, a thin oxide cap (600Å) prevented this arsenic loss. Sheet resistance comparable to furnace‐annealed samples (∼30 Ω/□ for dose films) could then be obtained in ∼15s. The shape of carrier concentration and total dopant depth profiles following RTP was found to be dependent on both implant dose and time of annealing. These results can be qualitatively understood using recently proposed models for arsenic diffusion in furnace‐annealed polysilicon films.
Synthetic polymeric biomaterials for wound healing: a review (2018)

Wounds are of a variety of types and each category has its own distinctive healing requirements. This realization has spurred the development of a myriad of wound dressings, each with specific characteristics. It is unrealistic to expect a singular dressing to embrace all characteristics that would fulfill generic needs for wound healing. However, each dressing may approach the ideal requirements by deviating from the 'one size fits all approach', if it conforms strictly to the specifications of the wound and the patient. Indeed, a functional wound dressing should achieve healing of the wound with minimal time and cost expenditures. This article offers an insight into several different types of polymeric materials clinically used in wound dressings and the events taking place at cellular level, which aid the process of healing, while the biomaterial dressing interacts with the body tissue. Hence, the significance of using synthetic polymer films, foam dressings, hydrocolloids, alginate dressings, and hydrogels has been reviewed, and the properties of these materials that conform to wound-healing requirements have been explored. A special section on bioactive dressings and bioengineered skin substitutes that play an active part in healing process has been re-examined in this work.
Modeling and analysis of power distribution networks for gigabit applications (2004)

As the operating frequency of digital systems increases and voltage swing decreases, it becomes increasingly important to accurately characterize and analyze power distribution networks (PDN). This paper presents the modeling, simulation, and measurement of a PDN in a high-speed FR4 printed circuit board (PCB) designed for chip-to-chip communication at a data rate of 3.2 Gbps and above. The test board consists of two transceiver chips placed on wire bond plastic ball grid array (PBGA) packages. The applied analysis method is a hybrid technique that combines the interactions of the power planes, interconnects, and the nonlinear drivers. The power planes and interconnects are modeled using the transmission matrix method (TMM) and rational interpolation, respectively. Then macro modeling is applied to generate reduced-order models to efficiently analyze the whole system including the nonlinear drivers using conventional circuit simulation tools such as SPICE. The transfer characteristics of the power planes are calculated and the effects of the decoupling capacitors and power supply noise are studied. The simulation results are also correlated with measurement data to verify the validity of the method.