gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vasopressin V1a and V1b Receptors: From Molecules to Physiological Systems (2012)

The neurohypophysial hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP) is essential for a wide range of physiological functions, including water reabsorption, cardiovascular homeostasis, hormone secretion, and social behavior. These and other actions of AVP are mediated by at least three distinct receptor subtypes: V1a, V1b, and V2. Although the antidiuretic action of AVP and V2 receptor in renal distal tubules and collecting ducts is relatively well understood, recent years have seen an increasing understanding of the physiological roles of V1a and V1b receptors. The V1a receptor is originally found in the vascular smooth muscle and the V1b receptor in the anterior pituitary. Deletion of V1a or V1b receptor genes in mice revealed that the contributions of these receptors extend far beyond cardiovascular or hormone-secreting functions. Together with extensively developed pharmacological tools, genetically altered rodent models have advanced the understanding of a variety of AVP systems. Our report reviews the findings in this important field by covering a wide range of research, from the molecular physiology of V1a and V1b receptors to studies on whole animals, including gene knockout/knockdown studies.
Evolution of CD8+ T Cell Receptor (TCR) Engineered Therapies for the Treatment of Cancer (2021)

Engineered T cell receptor T (TCR-T) cell therapy has facilitated the generation of increasingly reliable tumor antigen-specific adaptable cellular products for the treatment of human cancer. TCR-T cell therapies were initially focused on targeting shared tumor-associated peptide targets, including melanoma differentiation and cancer-testis antigens. With recent technological developments, it has become feasible to target neoantigens derived from tumor somatic mutations, which represents a highly personalized therapy, since most neoantigens are patient-specific and are rarely shared between patients. TCR-T therapies have been tested for clinical efficacy in treating solid tumors in many preclinical studies and clinical trials all over the world. However, the efficacy of TCR-T therapy for the treatment of solid tumors has been limited by a number of factors, including low TCR avidity, off-target toxicities, and target antigen loss leading to tumor escape. In this review, we discuss the process of deriving tumor antigen-specific TCRs, including the identification of appropriate tumor antigen targets, expansion of antigen-specific T cells, and TCR cloning and validation, including techniques and tools for TCR-T cell vector construction and expression. We highlight the achievements of recent clinical trials of engineered TCR-T cell therapies and discuss the current challenges and potential solutions for improving their safety and efficacy, insights that may help guide future TCR-T studies in cancer.
Microarray image analysis: background estimation using quantile and morphological filters (2006)

The performance of more advanced rank filters is equal to the best region-based methods. However, in order to get unbiased estimates these filters have to be implemented with great care. The performance of morphological opening is in general poor with a substantial spatial-dependent bias.
Shp-1 Mediates the Antiproliferative Activity of Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 in Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells (2005)

The tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) regulate matrix metalloproteinase activity required for cell migration/invasion associated with cancer progression and angiogenesis. TIMPs also modulate cell proliferation in vitro and angiogenesis in vivo independent of their matrix metalloproteinase inhibitory activity. Here, we show that TIMP-2 mediates G1 growth arrest in human endothelial cells through de novo synthesis of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27Kip1. TIMP-2-mediated inhibition of Cdk4 and Cdk2 activity is associated with increased binding of p27Kip1 to these complexes in vivo. Protein-tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors or expression of a dominant negative Shp-1 mutant ablates TIMP-2 induction of p27Kip1. Finally, angiogenic responses to fibroblast growth factor-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor-A in "motheaten viable" Shp-1-deficient mice are resistant to TIMP-2 inhibition, demonstrating that Shp-1 is an important negative regulator of angiogenesis in vivo.
Dynamic ping optimization for surveillance in multistatic sonar buoy networks with energy constraints (2008)

In this paper we study the problem of dynamic optimization of ping schedule in an active sonar buoy network deployed to provide persistent surveillance of a littoral area through multistatic detection. The goal of ping scheduling is to dynamically determine when to ping and which ping source to engage in order to achieve the desirable detection performance. For applications where persistent surveillance is needed for an extended period of time, it is expected that the energy available at each ping source is limited relative to the required system lifetime. Hence efficient management of power consumption for pinging is important to support the required lifetime of the network while maintaining acceptable detection performance. Our approach to ping optimization is based on the application of approximate partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) techniques such as the rollout algorithm. To enable a practical implementation of the policy rollout, we apply sampling-based techniques based on a simplified model that approximates the detailed multistatic model. Using high fidelity sonar simulations, we evaluate the performance of the proposed approach and compare it with the greedy technique in terms of detection performance and system lifetime.
DRAPS: Dynamic and Resource-Aware Placement Scheme for Docker Containers in a Heterogeneous Cluster (2018)

Virtualization is a promising technology that has facilitated cloud computing to become the next wave of the Internet revolution. Adopted by data centers, millions of applications that are powered by various virtual machines improve the quality of services. Although virtual machines are well-isolated among each other, they suffer from redundant boot volumes and slow provisioning time. To address limitations, containers were born to deploy and run distributed applications without launching entire virtual machines. As a dominant player, Docker is an open-source implementation of container technology. When managing a cluster of Docker containers, the management tool, Swarmkit, does not take the heterogeneities in both physical nodes and virtualized containers into consideration. The heterogeneity lies in the fact that different nodes in the cluster may have various configurations, concerning resource types and availabilities, etc., and the demands generated by services are varied, such as CPU-intensive (e.g. Clustering services) as well as memory-intensive (e.g. Web services). In this paper, we target on investigating the Docker container cluster and developed, DRAPS, a resource-aware placement scheme to boost the system performance in a heterogeneous cluster.
Ambiguity suppression in a multiple beam radar (2003)

Phased array radars facilitate beam-scanning versatility that was not possible with traditional mechanically scanned radars; specifically, that the advent of electronic beam steering has allowed antennae to scan a wider angular volume per unit time than was previously achievable. This paper develops an idea proposed by DERA Malvern in which this beamforming versatility is exploited by insertion of further pulse trains in the otherwise redundant pulse repetition interval (PRI). Associating these pulse trains with spatially diverse transmit beams formed by such a phased array results in a stare-while-scan (SWS) radar, in which the multiplicity of beams allow the radar to observe a number of directions simultaneously. Such a system would bring the twin advantages of considerable gain with integration of pulses and the provision for realisation of new detection strategies. SWS systems, however, suffer from severe ambiguities caused by imperfect spatial separation between beams, rendering a multiple beam system ambiguous even if its constituent beams contain range unambiguous pulses. Fortunately, these ambiguities can be mitigated by employing a combination of spatial, waveform, frequency and time diversity. The techniques for ambiguity suppression in a multiple beam radar system are the focus of this paper, and are discussed with reference to a conceptual system. The WEFTDAR (Waveform Enhanced in Frequency and Time with Direction of Arrival), as it was termed, achieved beam-to-beam ambiguity suppression of 35 dB by the use of a combination of these diversity techniques. Further increases in this figure are thought to be possible with the use of the AD-MUSIC direction of arrival (DOA) technique.
The detection of autoantibodies to pancreatic islet cells by immunoenzyme histochemistry. (1994)

Using horseradish peroxidase- or alkaline phosphatase-conjugated secondary antibodies, an immunohistochemical assay was established for the detection of islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies (ICA). Determination of end-point titers showed a significant correlation between the conventional immunofluorescence and either immunocytochemistry assay. The assays with the enzyme-conjugated antibodies were more sensitive than the indirect immunofluorescence assay. Because of its simplicity, specificity, and easy microscopic evaluation of the chromogenic reaction product at the site of ICA binding, the indirect immunoperoxidase technique proved to be most suitable. This technique detected frequencies of ICA positives among newly diagnosed insulin-dependent (IDDM), noninsulin-dependent, and at-risk subjects that were comparable with previous studies. Preabsorption of ICA-positive sera with either rat or porcine brain extracts, containing the glutamate decarboxylase antigen, differently blocked, reduced or did not affect ICA reactivity with human or porcine pancreas sections. Testing of sera on human, bovine, and porcine pancreas sections demonstrated heterogeneity in ICA-binding with a high proportion of ICA false-positives on bovine pancreas. The results demonstrated that immunohistochemical techniques for detecting ICA are, in several aspects, preferable to indirect immunofluorescence and that individual serum ICA identify various antigens on pancreas from different species. However, bovine or porcine pancreas could not substitute for human pancreas in the ICA assay.
The Authority of Love as Sentimental Contract (2011)

This paper argues that the categorical authority of love’s imperatives is derived from a sentimental contract. The problem is defined and the paper argues against two recent attempts to explain the authority of love’s demands by Velleman and Frankfurt. An argument is then set out in which it is shown that a constructivist approach to the problem explains the sources of love’s justifications. The paper distinguishes between the moral and the romantic case but argues that the sources of authority are paralleled in each. The paper ends by asking what we are to say when the demands of morality and the demands of love conflict.
Toward an understanding of evolutionary potential (1999)

The genome of each organism contains the potential to evolve novel functions that will allow it to thrive in alternative environments. There is not yet a sufficient understanding of the selective constraints on that potential to permit us to predict which genes are most likely to evolve a particular novel function or to predict the mutations that are most likely to lead to that function. Technological advances in the areas of rapid and massive DNA sequencing and in vitro evolution by sexual PCR (DNA shuffling) now make it possible to make an effective start on developing theory that will allow us to assess the evolutionary potential that is present in existing genomes.
Immunohistochemical Evidence of Skin Immune System Involvement in Vulvar Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (1991)

Biopsies taken from vulvar lesions in 12 women affected by vulvar lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (LSA) have been processed for immunohistological study. Activated (HLA-Dr+) T cells, associated with CD1a+ accessory cells, were found in the dermis in all cases, with architectural patterns varying in relation to the histological phase (early, well developed, old) of the lesion. Interestingly, the number of epidermal CD1a+ Langerhans cells (LCs) was increased in all cases, without any correlation with the amount of the dermal infiltrate and with the histological phase of the lesions. In fact, also in old lesions the number of epidermal CD1a+ LCs was increased, and the sparse dermal lymphoid cells showed a persistent HLA-Dr antigen expression. These data, indicating the persistent activation of epidermal antigen-presenting cells and lymphoid cells in all the evolutive phases of vulvar LSA, suggest a possible involvement of the skin immune system in the pathogenesis of LSA.
The use of silver conductive paint for crack propagation sensor customization (2021)

The paper presents experimental verification of customized resistive crack propagation sensors as an alternative for common SHM techniques. To manufacture new sensors, electrically conductive paint with silver microparticles is utilized to prepare tailored measuring grid on epoxy or polyurethane coating as a driving/insulating layer. That method is designed to enhance functionality and usability compared to commercially available crack gauges. By using paint with conductive metal particles, the shape of sensor measuring grid can be more easily adapted to the structure, while in the previous approach only few grid-fixed sensors are available. Fatigue tests on coupon CT specimen as well as thin aluminum plate are presented and discussed to evaluate the ability of the developed sensors to detect and monitor fatigue cracks. Two types of data acquisition system with various sensing layer interconnection is proposed, in which a series of conductive stands are connected to Wheatstone bridge or become a part of RLC band pass filter.
Theory of dual-charged particles (1977)

In studying the interaction of dual-charged particles (particles with both electric and magnetic charge), the introduction of a two-dimensional charge space results in a set of dynamical equations governing the behavior of the system that are invariant under rotation in charge space. Systems in which all particles have the same magnetic to electric charge ratio are indistinguishable from conventional electro-dynamic systems consisting of ordinary electric charges and electromagnetic fields. However, systems consisting of particles with different charge ratios behave differently. It is shown that for a hydrogen-like atom consisting of two dual-charged particles with different charge ratios, some of the degeneracy within the hydrogen atom energy states is removed. (Author)
Data Abstraction and Hierarchy (2007)

Data abstraction is a valuable method for organizing programs to make them easier to modify and maintain. Inheritance allows one implementation of a data abstraction to be related to another hierarchically. This paper investigates the usefulness of hierarchy in program development, and concludes that although data abstraction is the more important idea, hierarchy does extend its usefulness in some situations.
Many-Core Real-Time Task Scheduling with Scratchpad Memory (2016)

This work is motivated by the demand for scheduling tasks upon the increasingly popular island-based many-core architectures. On such an architecture, homogeneous cores are grouped into islands, each of which is equipped with a scratchpad memory module (referred to as local memory). We first show the NP-hardness and the inapproximability of the scheduling problem. Despite the inapproximability, positive results can still be found when different cases of the problem are investigated. A <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(3-\frac{1}{F})$</tex-math> </inline-formula> - approximation algorithm is proposed for the minimization of the maximum system utilization, where <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$F$</tex-math></inline-formula> is the number of cores in the platform. When the technique of resource augmentation is considered, this paper further develops a <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(\gamma +1)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -memory <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\frac{2\gamma -1}{\gamma -1}$</tex-math></inline-formula> -approximation algorithm, where <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\gamma$</tex-math></inline-formula> represents the trade-off between CPU utilization and local memory space. On the other hand, a special case is also considered when the ratio of the worst-case execution time of a task without and with using the local memory is bounded by a constant. The capabilities of the proposed algorithms are then evaluated with benchmarks from MRTC, UTDSP, NetBench and DSPstone, where the maximum system utilization can be significantly reduced even when the local memory size is only 5 percent of the total footprint of all of the tasks.
Power electronics - key technology for renewable energy systems (2011)

The electrical energy consumption continues to grow and more applications are based on electricity. We can expect that more 60 % of all energy consumption will be converted and used as electricity. Therefore, it is a demand that production, distribution and use of electrical energy are done as efficient as possible. Further, the emerging climate changes is arguing to find sustainable future solutions. Of many options, two major technologies will play important roles to solve parts of those future problems. One is to change the electrical power production from conventional, fossil based energy sources to renewable energy sources. Another is to use high efficient power electronics in power generation, power transmission/distribution and end-user application. This paper discuss trends of the most emerging renewable energy sources, wind energy and photovoltaics, which by means of power electronics are changing and challenging the future electrical infrastructure but also contributes steadily more to non-carbon based electricity production. Most focus in the paper is on the power electronics technologies used. In the case of photovoltaics transformer-less systems are discussed as they have the potential to obtain the highest efficiencies
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomal microRNA-193a reduces cisplatin resistance of non-small cell lung cancer cells via targeting LRRC1 (2020)

Exosomes are small endogenous membrane vesicles that can mediate cell communication by transferring genetic materials. Based on that, exosomes have always been discussed as a cargo carrier for microRNA (miRNA) transportation. Accumulating data have reported the inhibitory effects of microRNA-193a (miR-193a) on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell progression. However, the mechanisms of miR-193a delivery to cancer cells and miR-193a in exosomes have not been explored clearly in NSCLC. Given that, this work aims to decode exosomal miR-193a in cisplatin (DDP) resistance of NSCLC cells. A549 and H1299 cell lines were screened out and their parent cells and drug-resistant cells were co-cultured with human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-derived exosomes (BMSC-Exo) that had been transfected with miR-193a mimic or si-LRRC1 to detect the colony formation, migration, apoptosis, invasion and proliferation of NSCLC cells. In vivo experiment was conducted to verify the in vitro results. BMSC-Exo with upregulated miR-193a and downregulated LRRC1 suppressed colony formation, invasion, proliferation and migration as well as advanced apoptosis of NSCLC parent cells and drug-resistant cells. BMSC-Exo combined with upregulated miR-193a reduced tumor volume and weight in mice with NSCLC. Functional studies report that BMSC-Exo shuffle miR-193a to suppress the colony formation, invasion, migration, and proliferation as well as advance apoptosis of NSCLC DDP-resistant cells via downregulating LRRC1.
Practical implementation of a silicon carbide‐based 300 kHz, 1.2 kW hard‐switching boost‐converter and comparative thermal performance evaluation (2014)

Field experience shows that the vast majority of solar photovoltaic (PV) energy system failures are related to the power conditioning system (PCS). Among the principal reliability issues of PV PCSs are thermal management and heat extraction mechanisms. The study considers practical implementation of a DC–DC boost converter as a solar PV pre‐regulator in terms of thermal management, with comparative thermal performance evaluations of silicon carbide (SiC) semiconductors and silicon (Si) metal‐oxide‐semiconductor field‐effect transistors (MOSFETs). Thermal performance evaluation of power semiconductors is based on a 1.2 kW DC–DC converter with: (i) various switching frequencies up to 300 kHz, in steps of 25 kHz; (ii) case temperatures from 25 to 150°C; and (iii) a natural convection heatsink with temperature increase rate of 0.5°C/W. Simulation and experimental results verify that losses from SiC semiconductors are low compared with Si MOSFETs. This provides an opportunity for designing a pre‐regulator DC–DC boost converter with less effort required for thermal management and enhanced reliability.
METHODS FOR PROCESSING EXPERIMENTAL DRYING KINETICS DATA (2001)

This paper provides a review of methods for processing the data obtained from drying kinetics rigs and pilot-plant trials. Different methods for fitting and smoothing drying curves are compared, aiming to generate curves that are usable in industrial design without losing vital information by oversmoothing. Generally, plots of drying rate need more smoothing than moisture content data. Special care is needed at low drying rates and moisture contents. It is shown that some popular methods of processing data, including use of smoothing programs or fitting to equations, may generate drying curves which are seriously in error. Recommendations are made for reliable methods of processing data; cubic splines have been found to be effective for moisture–time curves. It is important to retain the original raw experimental data as a cross-check, as smoothing can conceal valuable information.
"La inversión pública en I+D debe servir como catalizador de la contribución del sector privado": César Nombela, presidente del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (1999)

Many therapeutic monoclonal antibodies act as antagonists to receptors by targeting and blocking the natural ligand binding site (orthosteric site). In contrast, the use of antibodies to target receptors at allosteric sites (distinct from the orthosteric site) has not been extensively studied. This approach is especially important in metabolic diseases in which endogenous ligand levels are dysregulated. Herein, we review our investigations of 3 categories of human monoclonal antibodies that bind allosterically to the insulin receptor (INSR) and affect its activity: XMetA, XMetS and XMetD. XMetA directly activates the INSR either alone or in combination with insulin. XMetS, in contrast, does not directly activate the INSR but markedly enhances the receptor's ability to bind insulin and potentiate insulin signaling. Both XMetA and XMetS are effective in controlling hyperglycemia in mouse models of diabetes. A third allosteric antibody, XMetD, is an inhibitor of INSR signaling. This antibody reverses insulin-induced hypoglycemia in a mouse model of hyperinsulinemia. These studies indicate, therefore, that allosteric antibodies to INSR can modulate its signaling and correct conditions of glucose dysregulation. These studies also raise the possibility that the use of allosteric antibodies can be expanded to other receptors for the treatment of metabolic disorders.