gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A tank-based approach to impedance control with variable stiffness (2013)

In this paper, we present a new impedance control strategy that allows to reproduce a time-varying stiffness. By properly controlling the energy exchanged during the action, we guarantee the system passivity for any choice of the stiffness matrix, especially in case of time-varying stiffness, and therefore a stable behavior of the robot both in free motion and in interaction with an environment.
DAta accountability in cloud using reliable log files forwarding (2013)

Cloud computing is receiving a great deal of attention, both in publications and among users, from individuals at home to the government. The cloud makes it possible for you to access your information from anywhere at any time. While a traditional computer setup requires you to be in the same location as your data storage device, the cloud takes away that step. The cloud removes the need for you to be in the same physical location as the hardware that stores your data. A major feature of the cloud services is that user data are usually processed remotely in unknown machines that users do not own or operate. Data handling in the cloud goes through a complex and dynamic hierarchical service chain which does not exist in conventional environments. This can be addressed by a novel approach, namely Cloud Information Accountability (CIA) framework. In this every access to the data are correctly and automatically logged. Log files should be sent back to their data owners periodically to inform them of the current usage of their data. More importantly, log files should be retrievable any time by their data owners when needed regardless the location where the files are stored. The end user is allowed to access the data as per their access privileges which they specifies while registering to access the data in the cloud and authentication is provided and accessed data is verified with the original data in the cloud server.
One minute analysis of 200 histone posttranslational modifications by direct injection mass spectrometry (2019)

DNA and histone proteins define the structure and composition of chromatin. Histone posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are covalent chemical groups capable of modeling chromatin accessibility, mostly due to their ability in recruiting enzymes responsible for DNA readout and remodeling. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics is the methodology of choice for large-scale identification and quantification of protein PTMs, including histones. High sensitivity proteomics requires online MS coupling with relatively low throughput and poorly robust nano-liquid chromatography (nanoLC) and, for histone proteins, a 2-d sample preparation that includes histone purification, derivatization, and digestion. We present a new protocol that achieves quantitative data on about 200 histone PTMs from tissue or cell lines in 7 h from start to finish. This protocol includes 4 h of histone extraction, 3 h of derivatization and digestion, and only 1 min of MS analysis via direct injection (DI-MS). We demonstrate that this sample preparation can be parallelized for 384 samples by using multichannel pipettes and 96-well plates. We also engineered the sequence of a synthetic "histone-like" peptide to spike into the sample, of which derivatization and digestion benchmarks the quality of the sample preparation. We ensure that DI-MS does not introduce biases in histone peptide ionization as compared to nanoLC-MS/MS by producing and analyzing a library of synthetically modified histone peptides mixed in equal molarity. Finally, we introduce EpiProfileLite for comprehensive analysis of this new data type. Altogether, our workflow is suitable for high-throughput screening of >1000 samples per day using a single mass spectrometer.
Antioxidants and atherosclerosis: A current assessment (1991)

Numerous recently published studies demonstrate that, once altered by free radical oxidation, plasma lipoproteins undergo dramatic change, both in the manner in which they can interact with cells and in the ways in which they influence cell function. For example, with increasing degrees of oxidation, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) will cease to be recognizable by the LDL receptor and ultimately can become a ligand for "scavenger" receptors on macrophages. Gene expression and production of certain cytokines and growth factors can be modified through the interaction of oxidized LDL with the cell sources of these potent cell regulators. These discoveries have stimulated the formulation of hypotheses of roles played in vivo by oxidized lipoproteins or their various oxidized lipid moieties in cellular regulation and in various disease processes. Among the more detailed of these hypotheses is a putative sequence in which LDL becomes oxidized and subsequently participates in the various facets of atherosclerotic lesion development, including monocyte recruitment, foam cell formation, vascular cell injury, and cellular proliferation. The evidence supporting this scenario makes a compelling story, one that is fed by reports that certain antioxidants favorably alter the course of vascular lesion development. However, other studies suggest that antioxidants do not inhibit lesion progression or that any alleviation is secondary to lipid lowering. This brief accounting examines some of the more recent studies dealing specifically with the effects of antioxidants on atherosclerosis.
Interposer connection reliability using double-side solder bump for board-level vertical interconnection (2017)

For the miniaturization and multifunction of electronic devices, the vertical interconnection technology has been developed to replace the traditional planar packaging technology. The interposer connection using double-side solder bump is used as the vertical interconnection technology in this study. Three kinds of solder bumps with different diameters of 0.76mm, 1.2 mm and 2mm were prepared and mounted to different interposers separately. Vertical interconnect circuit boards with different solder bumps were then fabricated and undergone the reliability tests under thermal cycling and vibration environments. The interconnecting resistances were measured to evaluate the electrical stability and the microstructures of solder joints were analyzed to find out the failure mode. During the thermal cycling test, cracks initiate as a result of the mismatch in the thermal expansion coefficients (CTEs) in the solder matrix on the board side and propagate parallel to the bonding pad. The joints with the diameter of 0.76mm eventually cracked. After the vibration test, 0.76mm solder balls were all fractured on the board side. Our work shows that 0.76mm solder balls are unsuitable for the vertical interconnection and 1.2mm and 2mm solder balls are recommended. This paper will contribute to build a comprehensive understanding of the interposer connection reliability.
A visual language compiler (1989)

The SIL-ICON compiler is a software system for the specification, interpretation, prototyping, and generation of icon-oriented systems. The system design of the SIL-ICON compiler is presented. The icon system G, the icon dictionary ID, the operator dictionary OD, and the extended task action grammar ETAG are described. An application example to design a text editor using the Heidelberg icon set is also presented in detail.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Work-Function Decrease of Graphene Sheet Using Alkali Metal Carbonates (2012)

A chemical approach was applied to decrease the work function of few-layer graphene. Li2CO3, K2CO3, Rb2CO3, and Cs2CO3 were used as n-doping materials. The sheet resistance of graphene doped with carbonate salt slightly increased from 1100 to 1700–2500 Ω/sq, and the transmittance of doped graphene with 0.1 M alkali metal at 550 nm decreased from 96.7 to 96.1–94% due to the formation of metal particles on the surface of graphene. A higher sheet resistance and lower transmittance were obtained at a higher concentration of alkali metal carbonate. The G peak in the Raman spectra was shifted to a lower wavenumber after alkali metal carbonate doping and the intensity ratio of the carbon double bond to the carbon single bond decreased with doping in the X-ray photoemission spectroscopy spectra, suggesting the charge transfer from metal ions to graphene sheets. Ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy data showed that the work function of the graphene sheets decreased from 4.25 eV to 3.8, 3.7, 3.5, and 3.4 eV for graphene doped with Li2CO3, K2CO3, Rb2CO3, and Cs2CO3, respectively. This suggested that spontaneous chemical combination occurred between the carbon atoms and alkali metal, thereby decreasing the work function.
Structural and Optical Properties of MnO2: Pb Nanocrystalline Thin Films Deposited By Chemical Spray Pyrolysis (2013)

MnO 2 thin films were deposited by chemical spray pyrolysis method on glass substrates and then doped by pb:3% and 5%. Structural properties of the prepared films were studied by means of x-ray diffraction (XRD), all patterns of the films are polycrystalline. The surface morphology of the films were investigated by using atomic force microscope (AFM) technique. The optical properties were studied by UV-VIS spectrophometer, the absorption coefficient and optical band gap were calculated. Extinction coefficient, refractive index, and the dielectric constant were investigated.
The Research of Immobilized Atrazine Degrading Bacteria Degrading Characteristics (2009)

The immobilization technology could improve the degradation efficiency and adaptability of bacteria. It is a simple, accurate and safety processing method. The research use alginate sodium embedding method to fix the high efficient atrazine degrading bacteria, research the best immobilized condition of alginate sodium to the atrazine degrading bacteria, provide the theoretical basis for next research and practical application. The concentration of the alginate sodium is 3%, the concentration of calcium chloride and bacterial liquid is 5% respectively. Use the different dosing quantity of alginate sodium which from 1-8mL, in different temperature 4degC,10degC, 20degC, 30degC, 40degC and different pH from 3-10 to determine the best immobilized condition. The result show that the both strains in 30degC and pH 4-7 condition degradation rate is the highest, after culturing 72 hours atrazine is degraded totally the degradation rate is nearly 100%. The best suitable dosing quantity of the strain which in the adding carbon source condition is 6mL, the best suitable dosing quantity of the strain which use atrazine as the only carbon and nitrogen sources is 3mL.
Imaging artifact precompensation for spatially multiplexed 3-D displays (2008)

We describe a projection system that presents a 20 megapixel image using a single XGA SLM and time-division multiplexing. The system can be configured as a high-resolution 2-D display or a highly multi-view horizontal parallax display. In this paper, we present a technique for characterizing the light transport function of the display and for precompensating the image for the measured transport function. The techniques can improve the effective quality of the display without modifying its optics. Precompensation is achieved by approximately solving a quadratic optimization problem. Compared to a linear filter, this technique is not limited by a fixed kernel size and can propagate image detail to all related pixels. Large pixel-count images are supported through dividing the problem into blocks. A remedy for blocking artifacts is given. Results of the algorithm are presented based on simulations of a display design. The display characterization method is suitable for experimental designs that may be dim and imperfectly aligned. Simulated results of the characterization and precompensation process are presented. RMS and qualitative improvement of display image quality are demonstrated.
Hybrid transmissive optical star couplers with gain using fiber amplifiers (1993)

A hybrid transmissive star coupler incorporating fiber amplifiers for wavelength-division multiplexed/frequency-division multiplexed (WDM/FDM) networks is proposed. It is found that the total fiber length and conduit length required for this hybrid star coupler/network can be reduced tremendously compared with either the centralized or the distributed cases. Furthermore, this coupler is easier to construct and more cost-effective.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Battery Management System using an active charge equalization technique based on a DC/DC converter topology (2011)

A novel active charge equalization technique based on a DC/DC converter topology is proposed in this paper. The technique achieves cell balancing of batteries in a stack in terms of both voltage and charge as the pack is being charged/discharged and in idle periods to maximize the energy and reliability of stack operation. A set of MOSFET switches controlled by a voltage monitoring circuit ensures that each battery module has the same output voltage by transferring charge from an individual battery module with the highest voltage to a weak module. An overvoltage and over-discharge protection circuit is presented to reduce the degradation of battery life and to operate each battery within the voltage limits.
Parametric Planting: Green Wall System Research + Design using BIM (2014)

Parametric planning and planting methodologies challenge the capabilities of Building Information Modelling (BIM) as a design tool; experimenting with alternative file types along with visualization from a Autodesk Revit Material Editor and visual programming plug-in Dynamo workflow.
Location Privacy in Sensor Networks Against a Global Eavesdropper (2007)

While many protocols for sensor network security provide confidentiality for the content of messages, contextual information usually remains exposed. Such information can be critical to the mission of the sensor network, such as the location of a target object in a monitoring application, and it is often important to protect this information as well as message content. There have been several recent studies on providing location privacy in sensor networks. However, these existing approaches assume a weak adversary model where the adversary sees only local network traffic. We first argue that a strong adversary model, the global eavesdropper, is often realistic in practice and can defeat existing techniques. We then formalize the location privacy issues under this strong adversary model and show how much communication overhead is needed for achieving a given level of privacy. We also propose two techniques that prevent the leakage of location information: periodic collection and source simulation. Periodic collection provides a high level of location privacy, while source simulation provides trade-offs between privacy, communication cost, and latency. Through analysis and simulation, we demonstrate that the proposed techniques are efficient and effective in protecting location information from the attacker.
Monodisperse Au<sub>11</sub> Clusters Prepared by Soft Landing of Mass Selected Ions (2011)

Preparation of clean monodisperse samples of clusters and nanoparticles for characterization using cutting-edge analytical techniques is essential to understanding their size-dependent properties. Herein, we report a general method for the preparation of high surface coverage samples of monodisperse clusters containing an exact number of atoms. Polydisperse solutions of diphosphine-capped gold clusters were produced by reduction synthesis. Electrospray ionization was used to introduce the clusters into the gas phase where they were filtered by mass-to-charge ratio allowing clusters of a selected size to be deposited onto carbon coated copper grids at well controlled kinetic energies. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) analysis of the soft landed clusters confirms their monodispersity and high coverage on the substrate. The soft landing approach may be extended to other materials compatible with an array of available ionization techniques and, therefore, has widespread utility as a means for controlled preparation of monodisperse samples of nanoparticles and clusters for analysis by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
A comparison of treatment of canine cyclic hematopoiesis with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM- CSF), G-CSF interleukin-3, and canine G-CSF (1990)

Cyclic hematopoiesis in gray collie dogs is a stem cell disease in which abnormal regulation of cell production in the bone marrow causes cyclic fluctuations of blood cell counts. In vitro studies demonstrated that recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-3 (IL-3), and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) all stimulated increases in colony formation by canine bone marrow progenitor cells. Based on these results, gray collie dogs were then treated with recombinant human (rh) GM-CSF, IL-3, or G-CSF subcutaneously to test the hypothesis that pharmacologic doses of one of these hematopoietic growth factors could alter cyclic production of cells. When recombinant canine G-CSF became available, it was tested over a range of doses. In vivo rhIL-3 had no effect on the recurrent neutropenia but was associated with eosinophilia, rhGM-CSF caused neutrophilia and eosinophilia but cycling of hematopoiesis persisted. However, rhG-CSF caused neutrophilia, prevented the recurrent neutropenia and, in the two animals not developing antibodies to rhG-CSF, obliterated periodic fluctuation of monocyte, eosinophil, reticulocyte, and platelet counts. Recombinant canine G-CSF increased the nadir neutrophil counts and amplitude of fluctuations at low doses (1 micrograms/kg/d) and eliminated all cycling of cell counts at high doses (5 and 10 micrograms/kg/d). These data suggest significant differences in the actions of these growth factors and imply a critical role for G-CSF in the homeostatic regulation of hematopoiesis.
Label-Free Chiral Detection of Melittin Binding to a Membrane (2003)

The study presented here describes an innovative approach for the detection of surface-confined proteins using chiral second harmonic generation (C-SHG). A unique optical geometry has been employed which allows for the separation of the chiral and achiral nonlinear response. By utilizing this optical arrangement, the detection of chirality originating from melittin adsorbed to a planar supported lipid bilayer has been performed for the first time by C-SHG. Melittin binding to the membrane was monitored as a function of bulk concentration through detection of the C-SHG signal. Analysis of the C-SHG adsorption isotherms reveals Frumkin adsorption behavior with a positive interaction energy. The binding constant (Ka) obtained was determined to be (8.3 ± 1.0) × 105 M-1. The results of these studies have far-reaching implication in the use of C-SHG for the label-free detection of protein association to surfaces and in the analysis of protein interfacial phenomena.
Aerial Mast vs Aerial Bridge Autonomous UAV Relay: A Simulation-Based Comparison (2014)

This paper provides a simulation-based comparison between two strategies for an autonomous mobile aerial node communication relay between two mobile ground nodes with non-line-of-sight (NLOS). For both strategies, the airborne relay is considered as a signal repeater between the two ground mobile vehicles. The first strategy (aerial bridge) implies that an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is trying to keep an optimal position between the two ground nodes while in the aerial mast strategy; the UAV is always placed directly above one of the ground vehicles. The comparison is based on Winner II propagation model applied to a 2.4 GHz waveform. Simulation results demonstrate in each case the variation of transmitted signal strength due to ground vehicles and UAV movement. Trajectories were generated randomly for both ground nodes on a street map of an urban area in order to achieve a statistical analysis of both strategies and discuss their advantages in terms of signal transmission and UAV navigation control.
Utilization of Microfiltration or Lactoperoxidase System or Both for Manufacture of Cheddar Cheese from Raw Milk (2007)

The objective of the present study was to determine if application of microfiltration (MF) or raw milk lactoperoxidase system (LP) could reduce the risk of foodborne illness from Escherichia coli in raw milk cheeses, without adversely affecting the overall sensory acceptability of the cheeses. Escherichia coli K12 was added to raw milk to study its survival as a non-pathogenic surrogate organism for pathogenic E. coli. Five replications of 6 treatments of Cheddar cheese were manufactured. The 6 treatments included cheeses made from pasteurized milk (PM), raw milk (RM), raw milk inoculated with E. coli K12 (RME), raw milk inoculated with E. coli K12 + LP activation (RMELP), raw milk inoculated with E. coli K12 + MF (MFE), and raw milk inoculated with E. coli K12 + MF + LP activation (MFELP). The population of E. coli K12 was enumerated in the cheese milks, in whey/curds during cheese manufacture, and in final Cheddar cheeses during ripening. Application of LP, MF, and a combination of MF and LP led to an average percentage reduction of E. coli K12 counts in cheese milk by 72, 88, and 96%, respectively. However, E. coli K12 populations significantly increased during the manufacture of Cheddar cheese for the reasons not related to contamination. The number of E. coli K12, however, decreased by 1.5 to 2 log cycles during 120 d of ripening, irrespective of the treatments. The results suggest that MF with or without LP significantly lowers E. coli count in raw milk. Hence, if reactivation of E. coli during cheese making could be prevented, MF with or without LP would be an effective technique for reducing the counts of E. coli in raw milk cheeses. The cheeses were also analyzed for proteolysis, starter and nonstarter lactic acid bacteria (NSLAB), and sensory characteristics during ripening. The concentration of pH 4.6 soluble nitrogen at 120 d was greater in PM cheese compared with the other treatments. The level of 12% trichloroacetic acid-soluble nitrogen at 120 d was greater in RM, RME, and RMELP cheeses compared with PM, MFE, and MFELP cheeses. This could be related to the fact that cheeses made from raw milk with or without LP (RM, RME, and RMELP) had greater levels of NSLAB compared with PM, MFE, and MFELP cheeses. Cheeses at 60 d, as evaluated by 8 trained panelists, did not differ in bitterness, pastiness, or curdiness attributes. Cheeses at 120 d showed no differences in acid-taste, bitterness, or curdiness attributes. Sensory analysis at 60 d showed that PM and MFELP cheeses had greater overall sensory acceptability than RM and RME cheeses. The overall sensory acceptability of the cheeses at 120 d showed that PM, MFE, and MFELP cheeses were more acceptable than RM and RME cheeses.
Improved Luciferase Tagging System for <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Allows Real-Time Monitoring In Vivo and In Vitro (2007)

An improved system for luciferase tagging Listeria monocytogenes was developed by constructing a highly active, constitutive promoter. This construct gave 100-fold-higher activity in broth than any native promoter tested and allowed for imaging of lux-tagged L. monocytogenes in food products, during murine infections, and in tumor targeting studies.