gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carbohydrate-controlled Serine Protease Inhibitor (Serpin) Production in Bifidobacterium Longum Subsp. Longum (2020)

Abstract The Serine Protease Inhibitor (serpin) protein has been suggested to play a key role in the interaction of bifidobacteria with the host. By inhibiting intestinal serine proteases, it might allow bifidobacteria to reside in specific gut niches. In inflammatory diseases where serine proteases contribute to the innate defense mechanism of the host, serpin may dampen the damaging effects of inflammation. In view of the beneficial roles of this protein, it is important to understand how its production is regulated. Here we demonstrate that B. longum NCC 2705 serpin production is tightly regulated by carbohydrates. Galactose and fructose increase the production of this protein while glucose prevents it, suggesting the involvement of catabolite repression. We identified that di- and oligosaccharides containing galactose (GOS) and fructose (FOS) moieties, including the human milk oligosaccharide Lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), are able to activate serpin production. Moreover, we show that the carbohydrate mediated regulation is conserved within B. longum subsp. longum strains but not in other bifidobacterial taxons harboring the serpin coding gene, highlighting that the serpin regulation circuits are not only species- but also subspecies- specific. Our work demonstrates that environmental conditions can modulate expression of an important effector molecule of B. longum, having potential important implications for probiotic manufacturing and supporting the postulated role of serpin in the ability of bifidobacteria to colonize the intestinal tract.
Studies on analogs of a peptide derived from alpha‐fetoprotein having antigrowth properties (2001)

A 34-amino acid portion of the third domain of alpha-fetoprotein possesses antigrowth and anticancer activities. Three analogs of this sequence were chemically synthesized, in which the two cysteines of the original sequence were replaced by alanines, glycines or serines. The original cysteine and alanine peptides formed trimers at 0.20 g/L in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer, and the glycine and serine peptides formed dimers. Trimer preparations were more potent in inhibiting estrogen-induced growth in the mouse uterine assays than the two dimeric oligomers. Of salient importance is that the alanine peptide retained its trimeric form in solution much longer than the cysteine peptide. Antigrowth assays were performed starting with stock solutions at a peptide concentration of 0.20 g/L, because at very high peptide concentration (8.0 g/L) the peptides aggregated extensively. All the peptides, although differing in biological activity, had almost identical secondary structures. Unlike alpha-fetoprotein, the three peptides have low amounts of alpha-helix. Trifluoroethanol has the ability to convert peptides into a helical conformation when they have a propensity for that structure. At trifluoroethanol concentrations of 20% and higher, the alanine and glycine peptides were changed into highly helical structures.
Further discussion of CO2 huff-n-puff mechanisms in tight oil reservoirs based on NMR monitored fluids spatial distributions (2022)

Due to the poor physical properties of tight reservoirs, CO2 huff-n-puff (HNP) is considered a potential enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method after primary depletion. Optimization plays a critical role in the effective implementation of CO2 huff-n-puff. But the optimization requires a good understanding of the EOR mechanisms. In this work, the spatial distribution of oil saturation under different experimental conditions was analyzed by the NMR method to further discuss the HNP mechanisms. According to the variation of 1D frequency signal amplitude, we divided the core into the hardly movable area and movable area, the region with the obvious signal decline was defined as the movable area, and the hardly movable area was the region with limited signal decline. Based on that the recovery characteristics of different scenarios were evaluated. Firstly, the necessity of the soaking stage was studied, where three scenarios with different soaking times were carried out. Secondly, the injection pressure was adjusted to investigate the effect of the pressure gradient. The T2 spectra show that soaking has significantly improved the production of crude oil in small pores, and higher oil recovery in a single cycle is observed, but it is lower when the elapsed time (total operation time) is the same. 31.03% of oil can be recovered after 3 cycles HNP, which increases to 33.8% and 37.06% for the 4 cycles and 6 cycles cases. As the pressure gradient increases, more oil is removed out of the matrix, and the oil in the deep part of the reservoir can be effectively recovered. During the CO2 huff-n-puff process, the oil distributions are similar to the solution gas drive, the residual oil is distributed at the close end of the core and the range that the oil can be efficiently recovered is limited.
A 200µm × 200µm × 100µm, 63nW, 2.4GHz injectable fully-monolithic wireless bio-sensing system (2017)

A wireless system-on-chip with integrated antenna, power harvesting and biosensors is presented that is small enough, 200μm × 200μm × 100μm, to allow painless injection. Small device size is enabled by: a 13μm × 20μm 1nA current reference; optical clock recovery; low voltage inverting dc-dc to enable use of higher quantum efficiency diodes; on-chip resonant 2.4GHz antenna; and array scanning reader. In-vivo power and data transfer is demonstrated and linear glucose concentration recordings reported.
Evaluation of a direct prorenin assay making use of a monoclonal antibody directed against residues 32–39 of the prosegment (2011)

The new direct assay allows rapid prorenin detection, is not hampered by aliskiren when used at clinically relevant doses, and might be used to identify diabetic patients developing retinopathy and/or nephropathy.
<title>Synchronizing chaotic systems</title> (1993)

We have shown that one may use chaotic signals to drive dynamical systems. When the driven system is stable to the driving signal and the driven system matches the system that produced the chaotic driving signal, the driven system will produce chaotic signals that are synchronized to the driving system. This may be seen in both autonomous and nonautonomous chaotic systems. This synchronized chaos may be useful in spread spectrum communications applications.
High‐performance capillary electrophoresis of glycoconjugates (1993)

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) has recently emerged as a highly promising technique for the analysis and structural study of glycoconjugates. This article reviews the current status of CE and its potential in glycobiology. The separation media suitable for the analysis of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and very large carbohydrate-based biomolecules are discussed. The detection aspects emphasize chemical derivatization approaches to tagging the glycoconjugates of interest for enhanced response in absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy.
A distributed traffic navigation system using vehicular communication (2009)

Traffic congestion leads to significant cost in terms of time, money and influence on the environment. To alleviate the effect through situational awareness, various traffic service providers aggregate traffic information using a variety of inputs such as probes, toll collection etc. This aggregated information is fed back to the drivers to achieve congestion avoidance and provide arrival-time estimates. In this paper, we outline a framework for a distributed vehicle traffic navigation system. The proposed system leverages a multi-hop vehicular network to gather local information. Such information can be elusive to traffic service providers in terms of timeliness and accuracy. Based on the gathered information, a distributed scheme is proposed that locally determines the shortest time travel paths. The proposed system can function independently or can complement an existing infrastructure-based system and can capture the dependence between route decisions of different vehicles in a given area. Based on performance evaluations, we observe that the proposed protocol can significantly enhance local route decisions leading to better traffic flow and road utilization.
Equine rhinitis B virus: a new serotype (2001)

Equine rhinovirus serotype 3 isolate P313/75 was assigned, with an unclassified genus status, to the family PICORNAVIRIDAE: The sequence from the 5' poly(C) tract to the 3' poly(A) tract of P313/75 was determined. The sequence is 8821 bases in length and contains a potential open reading frame for a polyprotein of 2583 amino acids. Sequence comparison and phylogenic analysis suggest that P313/75 is most closely related to the prototype equine rhinitis B virus (ERBV) strain P1436/71, formerly named equine rhinovirus type 2. A high degree of sequence similarity was found in the P2 and P3 regions of the two genomes. However, the deduced amino acid sequences of the P1 region of P313/75 and ERBV strain P1436/71 contained significant differences, which presumably account for the serological segregation of the two viruses. It is suggested that P313/75 can be classified as a new serotype of the genus Erbovirus, tentatively named ERBV2. Seroepidemiological data indicate that ERBV2 infection of horses may be common (24%) in Australia.
Electro-optic switching in low-loss liquid-crystal waveguides (1973)

Observation of low-loss optical guidance in thin films of a number of well-aligned nematic liquid crystals is reported for the first time. Evaluation of waveguiding properties of the oriented films and polarized microscopic techniques indicates a high degree of alignment can be attained and, indeed, is essential for good waveguiding. Propagation losses in the best samples are measured to be less than 1 dB/cm. Amplitude modulation and switching in these waveguides have also been achieved using the unique electro-optic properties of nematic materials. The response times for these phenomena are on the order of a few milliseconds.
Quantification of myocardial perfusion with spiral pulse sequences (2013)

Background The quest to quantify myocardial perfusion has been largely motivated by the desire to obtain quantitative, observer-independent, and reproducible measures of myocardial perfusion. Spiral pulse sequences have multiple advantages for myocardial perfusion imaging including high acquisition efficiency, high signal to noise (SNR) and robustness to motion. We have developed a spiral pulse sequence with an integrated single-shot arterial input function (AIF) capable of performing absolute quantification of myocardial perfusion.
Stabilizing Mutations and Calcium-Dependent Stability of Subtilisin (2001)

Stability is a property of subtilisin which has proven particularly amenable to enhancement via random mutagenesis and screening, yet the effects of most stabilizing mutations are not understood in structural and energetic detail. This paper seeks to explain the longstanding observation that stabilizing mutations are usually calcium-dependent in their stabilizing effect, irrespective of their proximity to the calcium binding sites. Stabilizing mutations in subtilisin fall into one of three classes. The largest class of mutations stabilize only in the presence of excess calcium. A smaller number of mutations stabilize independently of [calcium], and a few mutations stabilize only in the presence of chelating agents, such as EDTA. This study compares the effects of mutations from each class when introduced into subtilisin BPN' and two calcium-free versions of subtilisin. The calcium-dependent effects of mutations can be explained by considering subtilisin to be in conformational equilibrium between two structurally similar but energetically distinct states: N and N*. The equilibrium from the N* to the N state can be altered either by calcium binding to site A or by mutation. Mutations which stabilize only in the presence of calcium stabilize the N state relative to N*. Mutations which stabilize only in the presence of chelants stabilize the N* state relative to N. As a byproduct of this analysis, we have developed a hyperstable variant of subtilisin whose inactivation at high temperature in the presence of EDTA is 10(5) times slower than wild-type subtilisin.
Improvements of Power Factor and Torque of a Synchronous Reluctance Motor with a Slit Rotor (2006)

Power factor and torque of synchronous reluctance motors with a slit rotor are studied. In there stators, divided teeth made of powder magnetic core are adopted and windings are improved to get high space factor of stator windings and to shorten coil ends. In there rotors, stainless sheets are inserted among soft magnetic metal sheets with adhesive to strengthen the rotors and rotor structure is improved to enlarge the saliency ratio (Ld/Lq). As the result, the power factor 0.78 and 1.6 times torque at same motor size are attained.
Purification of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenases from <i>Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus</i> 39E and characterization of the secondary-alcohol dehydrogenase (2° Adh) as a bifunctional alcohol dehydrogenase-acetyl-CoA reductive thioesterase (1994)

The purification and characterization of three enzymes involved in ethanol formation from acetyl-CoA in Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus 39E (formerly Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum 39E) is described. The secondary-alcohol dehydrogenase (2 degrees Adh) was determined to be a homotetramer of 40 kDa subunits (SDS/PAGE) with a molecular mass of 160 kDa. The 2 degrees Adh had a lower catalytic efficiency for the oxidation of 1 degree alcohols, including ethanol, than for the oxidation of secondary (2 degrees) alcohols or the reduction of ketones or aldehydes. This enzyme possesses a significant acetyl-CoA reductive thioesterase activity as determined by NADPH oxidation, thiol formation and ethanol production. The primary-alcohol dehydrogenase (1 degree Adh) was determined to be a homotetramer of 41.5 kDa (SDS/PAGE) subunits with a molecular mass of 170 kDa. The 1 degree Adh used both NAD(H) and NADP(H) and displayed higher catalytic efficiencies for NADP(+)-dependent ethanol oxidation and NADH-dependent acetaldehyde (identical to ethanal) reduction than for NADPH-dependent acetaldehyde reduction or NAD(+)-dependent ethanol oxidation. The NAD(H)-linked acetaldehyde dehydrogenase was a homotetramer (360 kDa) of identical subunits (100 kDa) that readily catalysed thioester cleavage and condensation. The 1 degree Adh was expressed at 5-20% of the level of the 2 degrees Adh throughout the growth cycle on glucose. The results suggest that the 2 degrees Adh primarily functions in ethanol production from acetyl-CoA and acetaldehyde, whereas the 1 degree Adh functions in ethanol consumption for nicotinamide-cofactor recycling.
Automated velocity programming for increased detection zone residence times in capillary electrophoresis (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAutomated velocity programming for increased detection zone residence times in capillary electrophoresisJason B. Shear, Luis A. Colon, and Richard N. ZareCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 24, 3708–3712Publication Date (Print):December 15, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 December 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00072a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00072a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views40Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Introduction of Extra Telomeric DNA Sequences into <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Results in Telomere Elongation (1989)

The termini of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosomes consist of tracts of C1-3A (one to three cytosine and one adenine residue) sequences of approximately 450 base pairs in length. To gain insights into trans-acting factors at telomeres, high-copy-number linear and circular plasmids containing tracts of C1-3A sequences were introduced into S. cerevisiae. We devised a novel system to distinguish by color colonies that maintained the vector at 1 to 5, 20 to 50, and 100 to 400 copies per cell and used it to change the amount of telomeric DNA sequences per cell. An increase in the number of C1-3A sequences caused an increase in the length of telomeric C1-3A repeats that was proportional to plasmid copy number. Our data suggest that telomere growth is inhibited by a limiting factor(s) that specifically recognizes C1-3A sequences and that this factor can be effectively competed for by long tracts of C1-3A sequences at telomeres or on circular plasmids. Telomeres without this factor are exposed to processes that serve to lengthen chromosome ends.
Alzheimer's disease associated with mutations in presenilin 2 is rare and variably penetrant (1996)

Missense mutations in the presenilin 2 (PS-2) gene on chromosome 1 were sought by direct nucleotide sequence analysis of the open reading frame of 60 pedigrees with familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD). In the majority of these pedigrees, PS-1 and beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta APP) gene mutations had been excluded. While no additional PS-2 pathogenic mutations were detected, four silent nucleotide substitutions and alternative splicing of nucleotides 1338-1340 (Glu325) were observed. Analysis of additional members of a pedigree known to segregate a Met239Val mutation in PS-2 revealed that the age of onset of symptoms is highly variable (range 45-88 years). This variability is not attributable to differences in ApoE genotypes. These results suggest (i) that, in contrast to mutations in PS-1, mutations in PS-2 are a relatively rare cause of FAD; (ii) that other genetic or environmental factor modify the AD phenotype associated with PS-2 mutations; and (iii) that still other FAD susceptibility genes remain to be identified.
Structure−Activity Relationship for Antineoplastic Imidazoacridinones: Synthesis and Antileukemic Activity <i>in Vivo</i> (1996)

Synthesis of several new 5-amino-substituted derivatives of 5-amino-6H-imidazo[4,5,1-de]-acridin-6-one bearing in the benzene ring OH, OCH3, CH3, tert-butyl, or OCH2O groups is described. 8-OH-substituted compounds or double-substituted 7-OH-10-OCH3 compounds demonstrated potent in vivo activity against murine P388 leukemia. The highest activity was exhibited by 5-[[2-[[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]amino]ethyl]amino]-8-hydroxy-6H- imidazo[4,5,1-de]-acridin-6-one (4c).
An Electromagnetic Micro Power Generator for Low-Frequency Environmental Vibrations (2005)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper presents an electromagnetic (EM) vibration-to-electrical power generator which can efficiently scavenge energy from low-frequency external vibrations. The reported generator increases the conversion efficiency by up-converting the low-frequency environmental vibrations to a much higher frequency. Power is generated by electromagnetic induction between a magnet and coils placed on top of resonating cantilever beams. The calculated <i>maximum</i> power from a single cantilever is 2.5μW in vacuum for vibration frequencies 1Hz to 1kHz.</div>
Optical phase conjugation with a sodium Raman laser (1991)

Recently, there has been increased interest in the use of resonant atomic systems for performing optical-wavefront conjugation. This interest has arisen because resonant systems are inherently fast, with response times in the nanosecond range. However, resonant systems tend to have lower efficiencies and greater optical power requirements than do photorefractive crystals, such as BaTiO3. In this paper, we explore the possibility of using a highly efficient Raman laser1 in a sodium-vapor cell to obtain efficient phase conjugation at greatly reduced optical power densities. In this demonstration we use a self-pumped (linear-cavity) conjugator for simplicity. With this setup, we have achieved phase- conjugate reflectivities of 2% with input powers of only 20 W/cm2. This is only 2% of the optical power density previously reported2 to obtain comparable reflectivity with a self-pumped scheme in sodium vapor.
In situ conversion of tumors into autologous tumor-associated antigen vaccines by intratumoral injection of α-gal glycolipids (2012)

The immunogenicity of autologous tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) is markedly increased upon the intratumoral injection of α-gal glycolipids, which insert into tumor cell membranes. The binding of natural anti-Gal antibodies to these glycolipids activates the complement system and recruits antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which internalize anti-Gal-coated tumor cells upon Fc/FcγR interactions. Eventually, TAA-derived peptides presented by APCs activate a T cell-mediated tumor-specific immune response.
A framework for decentralized access control (2007)

We present a framework for decentralized authorization for physical access control, using smart cards, where access to individual rooms is guarded by context-dependent policies that are dynamically evaluated. Policies are specified using a logical language parameterized by events. A policy analyzer converts policy specifications into equivalent executable automata and also generates initialization information about the contexts used in these policies. While the automata are stored in users' smart cards, context initialization information is disseminated in the system. We also provide a context modeling mechanism that supports construction and propagation of contexts in the system. Upon an access request, user automata are executed at the point of access in the presence of current context information. This results in an allow/deny decision. The benefit of this approach lies in resolving authorizations in a decentralized manner in situations where the solution needs to scale with increasing number of users.
Kerr Nonlinearity induced Optical Frequency Comb Generation in Microcavities (2007)

It is shown that the optical sidebands generated via optical parametric oscillations in a monolithic microcavity are equidistant thus overcoming the intrinsic cavity dispersion. This leads to the generation of optical frequency combs at input powers < 10 mW.
The use of honey in wound management (2000)

Honey has been used as a wound treatment for more than 2,000 years. Greater scientific understanding of how it works, particularly as an antibacterial agent, has led practitioners to reconsider the therapeutic value of honey. Once honey is commercially available as a regulated product in the UK, practitioners will have access to an effective, alternative wound treatment. Specific, sterilised honeys intended for wound care will provide a safe natural product to manage colonised or infected wounds that would otherwise remain unresponsive to treatment.