gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dansyl Glutathione as a Trapping Agent for the Quantitative Estimation and Identification of Reactive Metabolites (2005)

A sensitive and quantitative method was developed for the estimation of reactive metabolite formation in vitro. The method utilizes reduced glutathione (GSH) labeled with a fluorescence tag as a trapping agent and fluorescent detection for quantitation. The derivatization of GSH was accomplished by reaction of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) with dansyl chloride to form dansylated GSSG. Subsequent reduction of the disulfide bond yielded dansylated GSH (dGSH). Test compounds were incubated with human liver microsomes in the presence of dGSH and NADPH, and the resulting mixtures were analyzed by HPLC coupled with a fluorescence detector and a mass spectrometer for the quantitation and mass determination of the resulting dGSH adducts. The comparative chemical reactivity of dGSH vs GSH was investigated by monitoring the reaction of each with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene or R-(+)-pulegone after bioactivation. dGSH was found to be equivalent to GSH in chemical reactivity toward both thiol reactive molecules. dGSH did not serve as a cofactor for glutathione S-transferase (GST)-mediated conjugation of 3,4-dichloronitrobenzene in incubations with either human liver S9 fractions or a recombinant GST, GSTM1-1. Reference compounds were tested in this assay, including seven compounds that have been reported to form GSH adducts along with seven drugs that are among the most prescribed in the current U.S. market and have not been reported to form GSH adducts. dGSH adducts were detected and quantitated in incubations with all seven positive reference compounds; however, there were no dGSH adducts observed with any of the widely prescribed drugs. In comparison with existing methods, this method is sensitive, quantitative, cost effective, and easy to implement.
A simple and efficient method for site-directed mutagenesis with double-stranded plasmid DNA (1993)

A general, simple and efficient method for preparing site-specific mutations in double-stranded plasmid DNA without the need for special plasmids, bacterial strains or reagents is described. Only one synthetic oligonucleotide for each mutation is required, subcloning is unnecessary and a high efficiency of mutation (58-97%) was obtained. If two synthetic oligonucleotide primers are used, two separate mutations can be simultaneously created in a single reaction tube.
Abstract 1599: Antibody-based inhibition of CSF-1R as a component of combination immunotherapy in preclinical models (2017)

Abstract The colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) signaling pathway promotes tumor progression via the recruitment, differentiation, and survival of immuno-suppressive tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). FivePrime has developed cabiralizumab (FPA008), an IgG4 antibody against CSF-1R that blocks the ability of both CSF-1 and IL-34 to bind and activate this receptor, thereby modulating the immune response to tumorigenesis. In order to investigate the impact of CSF-1R signaling inhibition in preclinical models, we generated a surrogate antibody, cmFPA008, which targets mouse CSF-1R and demonstrates equivalent affinity and ligand-blocking ability as FPA008. Utilizing a combination of flow cytometry and immunofluorescence analyses, we have identified alterations in the tumor microenvironment that occur upon CSF-1R inhibition, including significant reduction of immunosuppressive TAMs and an increase in tumor PD-L1 expression. Interestingly, we observe a transient increase in CD8+ T cell number and activation upon TAM depletion, followed by a subsequent increase in MDSC populations that corresponds with reduction of the CD8+ T cell numbers. Moreover, we have used murine syngeneic tumor models to examine the anti-tumor impact of CSF-1R inhibition in combination with other immuno-oncology agents. Our results show that, when added to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade, cmFPA008 can significantly enhance anti-tumor efficacy. We are currently exploring the effects of combining cmFPA008-induced TAM depletion with additional immuno-oncology agents, including T cell agonists. Our preclinical results demonstrate that inhibition of the CSF-1R pathway can combine with various immuno-oncology agents with distinct mechanisms of action. FivePrime has initiated a clinical trial in collaboration with Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS) to investigate the use of cabiralizumab in combination with nivolumab (anti-PD-1, OPDIVO®) in six different tumor types. Citation Format: David I. Bellovin, Nebiyu Wondyfraw, Barbara Sennino, Quinn Walker, Susan Johnson, Anita Levin, Emma Masteller, Susannah D. Barbee, Robert Sikorski, Tom Brennan. Antibody-based inhibition of CSF-1R as a component of combination immunotherapy in preclinical models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1599. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-1599
Incipient Bearing Fault Detection via Stator Current Noise Cancellation using Wiener Filter (2007)

Current-based monitoring can offer significant economic savings and implementation advantages over traditional vibration monitoring for bearing fault detection. A key issue in current-based bearing fault detection is to extract bearing fault signature from motor stator current. In this paper bearing fault signature in motor stator current is detected by estimating and removing non-bearing fault components via a noise cancellation method. In this method, the components of the stator current that are not related to bearing faults are regarded as noise and are estimated by a Wiener filter. These noise components are then cancelled by their estimates in a real time fashion and a fault indicator is established based on the remaining components that are related to bearing faults. Machine parameters, bearing dimensions, nameplate values, or stator current spectrum distributions are not required in the method. The results of on-line experiments with a 20-horsepower induction motor have verified the effectiveness of this method.
Hold-up time extension circuit with integrated magnetics (2005)

A circuit that substantially extends the hold-up time of ac-dc power supplies is introduced. By using integrated magnetics, the power density of this hold-up time extension circuit is maximized. The performance of the proposed approach was evaluated on a universal line range 1-kW power supply.
Indoor positioning using magnetic compass and accelerometer of smartphones (2013)

Traditionally location positioning was confided to outdoor environments, mostly using GPS. GPS signals require direct-line-of-sight for accurate positioning. Due to complexity of electromagnetic wave propagation in indoor environments, the GPS based approaches used for outdoor positioning become less effective for indoor location estimation. A novel approach for Wi-Fi based indoor tracking system is presented in this paper which uses the knowledge of magnetic compass and accelerometer in smartphones to locate users. The proposed system is purely software based with no additional hardware and costs. Experimental measurement results indicate that the proposed technique supports sub-meter positioning accuracy.
Localization of the binding site for a factor VIII activity neutralizing antibody to amino acid residues Asp1663-Ser1669. (1988)

We have identified the Factor VIII amino acid sequence Asp-Tyr-Asp-Asp-Thr-Ile-Ser (1663-1669) as the binding site of a Factor VIII activity neutralizing antibody (28 Bethesda units/mg). The binding site of another neutralizing antibody (10 Bethesda units/mg) overlapped only at Asp1663 and Tyr1664, whereas an antibody with minimal neutralizing activity (0.2 Bethesda units/mg) bound only at Asp1665-Ser1669. Residues comprising antibody binding sites were determined by blocking Factor VIII neutralization and/or binding to insolubilized Factor VIII with overlapping peptides, or with variant peptides in which a single amino acid was deleted or replaced with glycine. Eight additional antibodies to flanking sequences, and with similar affinities for Factor VIII, had little or no neutralizing activity (0-3.0 Bethesda units/mg). These studies suggest that Asp1663 and Tyr1664 may be structural features important to Factor VIII function.
(log n) dynamic router-tables for ranges (2004)

We consider router tables comprised of n pairs of tuples of the form (r,a), where r is a range of destination addresses matched by the tuple. The set of ranges in the table is conflict free. We develop a data structure, which employs priority-search trees as well as red-black trees, to represent the router table. This data structure permits us to perform each of the operations insert, delete, and find the tuple with most-specific matching-range for a given destination address in O(log n) each time. The insert and delete operations preserve the conflict-free property of the set of tuples. Our data structure represents the first O(log n) data structure for dynamic router tables with ranges. Experimental results are also presented.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Skin Lipids: Effect of Ceramide Chain Lengths on Bilayer Properties (2016)

Stratum corneum (SC), the outer layer of skin, serves as a barrier for pathogens and maintains the trans-epidermal water loss. The lipid matrix of SC is the major diffusion-rate-limiting pathway as molecules will have to pass through it. Ceramides play a key role in structuring and maintaining the barrier function of the skin. In this study, atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to systematically investigate the effects of the chain length of ceramide (CER) tails on the properties of the bilayer at a skin temperature of 310 K. The barrier properties were examined by means of permeation studies of water through the model membrane using steered MD simulations. Our studies revealed that shorter chains of one leaflet of the bilayer do not interdigitate with the chains of the other leaflet and lead to more free space in the middle of the bilayer, thereby leading to higher permeability. In CERs with dissimilar chain lengths, the lipids on one chain interdigitate with the other leaflet lipids, increasing the electron density in the middle of the bilayer. The bilayer thickness increases with increase in the CER chain length. The permeability of smaller-chain CERs was found to be an order of magnitude higher than that of the longer-chain CERs.
Subdivision exterior calculus for geometry processing (2016)

This paper introduces a new computational method to solve differential equations on subdivision surfaces. Our approach adapts the numerical framework of Discrete Exterior Calculus (DEC) from the polygonal to the subdivision setting by exploiting the refin-ability of subdivision basis functions. The resulting Subdivision Exterior Calculus (SEC) provides significant improvements in accuracy compared to existing polygonal techniques, while offering exact finite-dimensional analogs of continuum structural identities such as Stokes' theorem and Helmholtz-Hodge decomposition. We demonstrate the versatility and efficiency of SEC on common geometry processing tasks including parameterization, geodesic distance computation, and vector field design.
BECLIN1 from Arabidopsis thaliana under the generic control of regulated expression systems, a strategy for developing male sterile plants (2010)

Induction of male sterility followed by successful outcrossing is a prerequisite for hybrid seed production. In this article, we have identified a novel use of the BECLIN 1 gene of Arabidopsis, in inducing male sterility in plants, when expressed in the anther tapetum of tobacco. We also report a stringently regulated and high-level expression of the desired gene in tapetum by using a two-component transcription regulation system. The tapetum-specific, two-component transcription system utilizes the TGTA-TBPm³ complementation principle that has been demonstrated by us earlier. We also report a glucocorticoid-dependent expression of AtBECLIN 1 in tapetum, thereby developing glucocorticoid-inducible male sterility in plants.
Immunogenic and Protective Response in Mice Immunized with a Purified, Inactivated, Dengue-2 Virus Vaccine Prototype Made in Fetal Rhesus Lung Cells (1996)

The feasibility of a purified, inactivated vaccine (PIV) against dengue type 2 (DEN-2) virus was explored. Dengue-2 virus strain 16681 was used for producing a monotypic PIV. Virus adapted to fetal rhesus lung (FRhL-2) cells was harvested from roller bottle culture supernatant fluids, concentrated, and purified on sucrose gradients. Analysis of purified virus preparations by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting showed primarily envelope (E) and premembrane (prM) antigens. These preparations had a purity, estimated from silver-stained gels, of approximately 70%, and a yield, based on recovery of virus and viral antigen, of 10-20%. The purified virus was inactivated with 0.05% formalin at 22 degrees C, or alternatively, with 7 mRads from a 60Co source. Vaccinated mice developed high titers of anti-DEN-2 virus neutralizing antibody and were partially protected from virus challenge. These results warrant further testing and development of PIVs for the other DEN virus serotypes.
The Knockout Switch: a simple, modular architecture for high-performance packet switching (1991)

A new, high-performance packet-switching architecture, called the Knockout Switch, is proposed. The Knockout Switch uses a fully interconnected switch fabric topology (i.e., each input has a direct path to every output) so that no switch blocking occurs where packets destined for one output interfere with (i.e., block or delay) packets going to different Outputs. It is only at each output of the switch that one encounters the unavoidable congestion caused by multiple packets simultaneously arriving on different inputs all destined for the same output. Taking advantage of the inevitability of lost packets in a packet-switching network, the Knockout Switch uses a novel concentrator design at each output to reduce the number of separate buffers needed to receive simultaneously arriving packets. Following the concentrator, a shared buffer architecture provides complete sharing of all buffer memory at each output and ensures that all packets are placed on the output line on a first-in first-out basis. The Knockout Switch architecture has low latency, and is self-routing and nonblocking. Moreover, its Simple interconnection topology allows for easy modular growth along with minimal disruption and easy repair for any fault. Possible applications include interconnects for multiprocessing systems, high-speed local and metropolitan area networks, and local or toll switches for integrated traffic loads.
Initial Clinical Experience With a New Automated Antitachycardia Pacing Algorithm (2017)

The new AATP algorithm safely generated ATP sequences and controlled therapy progression in all zones without need for individualized programing.
Dispersed gold nanoparticles potentially ruin gold barley yellow dwarf virus and eliminate virus infectivity hazards (2016)

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) application melted barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV) spherical nanoparticle capsids. Synergistic therapeutic effects for plant virus resistance were induced by interaction with binding units of prepared AuNPs in a water solution which was characterized and evaluated by zeta sizer, zeta potential and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The yield of purified nanoparticles of BYDV-PAV was obtained from Hordeum vulgare (Barley) cultivars, local and Giza 121/Justo. It was 0.62 mg/ml from 27.30 g of infected leaves at an A260/A280 ratio. Virus nanoparticle has a spherical shape 30 nm in size by TEM. BYDV-PAV combined with AuNPs to challenge virus function in vivo and in vitro. Dual AuNPs existence in vivo and in vitro affected compacted configuration of viral capsid protein in the interior surface of capsomers, the outer surface, or between the interface of coat protein subunits for 24 and 48 h incubation period in vitro at room temperature. The sizes of AuNPs that had a potentially dramatic deteriorated effect are 3.151 and 31.67 nm with a different intensity of 75.3% for the former and 24.7% for the latter, which enhances optical sensing applications to eliminate virus infectivity. Damages of capsid protein due to AuNPs on the surface of virus subunits caused variable performance in four different types of TEM named puffed, deteriorated and decorated, ruined and vanished. Viral yield showed remarkably high-intensity degree of particle symmetry and uniformity in the local cultivar greater than in Giza 121/Justo cultivar. A high yield of ruined VLPs in the local cultivar than Justo cultivar was noticed. AuNPs indicated complete lysed VLPs and some deteriorated VLPs at 48 h.
K-State Resonators for High-Coding-Capacity Chipless RFID Applications (2019)

This paper presents a new, compact, high-coding-capacity resonator suitable for applications in chipless RFID tags. These tags consist of multiple resonators and two cross-polarized ultra-wide band antennas. Each resonator contains a U-shaped coupled microstrip frame with isolated (K-1) legs inside. One of the legs is designed to be connected to the U-frame via a metallic strip in order to adjust its resonance frequency. Using this feature, the frequency of each resonator can be reconfigured to be equal to one of the K-resonance frequencies. Therefore, each resonance presents one of the K-states of the resonator. This allows each resonator to represent more than one bit of information; this arrangement also permits N resonators tags to provide K <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</sup> codes. The structure can store large volumes of data in a small area and can simplify the detection process by only reading N resonance frequencies for each code. When N resonator tags are used in the proposed structure, the amount of data that can be encoded increases to 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(log</sup> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">K</sup> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">/</sup> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">log</sup> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2)N</sup> compared to 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</sup> in the case of conventional one-bit resonator (2-states) tags. An additional arrangement is also proposed and investigated in order to improve the spectral efficiency by allowing the bandwidth of each single resonator to be shared between two resonators. Several tags for codes with K = 8 are designed and implemented on the RT Duroid 5880 substrate as a proof-of-concept. An 8-state of the proposed resonator can be implemented in an area that is almost the same size as the area of a conventional 2-state resonator operating at 5 GHz. A satisfactory agreement between the empirical and simulated results is then confirmed.
ChemInform Abstract: N<sub>1</sub>‐(Benzenesulfonyl)tryptamines as Novel 5‐HT<sub>6</sub> Antagonists. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Versatile Synthesis of meso‐Aryloxy‐ and Alkoxy‐Substituted Porphyrins via Palladium‐Catalyzed C—O Cross‐Coupling Reactions. (2003)

<i>meso</i>-Aryloxy- and alkoxy-substituted porphyrins were conveniently synthesized by direct reactions of <i>meso</i>-halogenated porphyrins with\nalcohols via palladium-catalyzed C−O cross-coupling reactions. Using a combination of palladium precursor Pd(OAc)<sub>2</sub> or Pd<sub>2</sub>(dba)<sub>3</sub> and phosphine\nligand DPEphos or Xantphos allowed both 5-bromo-10,20-diarylporphyrin and 5,15-dibromo-10,20-diarylporphyrin, as well as their zinc complexes,\nto be effectively coupled with a variety of alcohols to give the corresponding mono- and bis-substituted <i>meso</i>-aryloxy/alkoxyporphyrins in\nmoderate to high yields under mild conditions.
P4‐152: PATHOLOGICAL TAU FROM ALZHEIMER'S BRAIN INDUCES SITE‐SPECIFIC HYPERPHOSPHORYLATION AND SDS‐ AND REDUCING AGENT‐RESISTANT HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT AGGREGATION OF TAU IN VIVO (2019)

Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) made up of hyperphosphorylated tau are the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related tauopathies. Hyperphosphorylation of tau is responsible for its loss of function, gain of toxicity and its aggregation to form NFTs. Injection of misfolded tau seeds into mouse brain induces phosphorylated tau aggregation, but the nature of tau phosphorylation in pathologic tau seeded pathology is unclear. Hyperphosphorylated and oligomeric tau isolated from AD brain (AD P-tau) was injected unilaterally into hippocampus of the human tau transgenic mice and tau knockout mice. Tau phosphorylation, the expression of tau kinases and tau phosphatases in the hippocampi and cortices were analyzed by Western blots. We found that in addition to tau pathology, AD P-tau induced hyperphosphorylation of tau at Ser202/Thr205, Thr212, Ser214, Thr217, Ser262, and Ser422 in the ipsilateral hippocampus and at Ser422 in the contralateral hippocampus and in the ipsilateral cortex. AD P-tau induced AD-like high molecular weight aggregates of tau that was SDS- and reducing agent-resistant in the injected hippocampus. There were no detectable alterations in levels of tau phosphatases or tau kinases in AD P-tau-injected brains. Furthermore, we found that hyperphosphorylated tau was easier to be captured by AD P-tau and that aggregated tau was more difficult to be dephosphorylated than non-aggregated tau by protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Based on these findings, we speculate that AD P-tau seeds capture hyperphosphorylated tau to form aggregation, which leads to resistance to dephosphorylation by PP2A, resulting in tau hyperphosphorylation and tau pathology.
High-temperature continuous operation above 200 °C of GaAs lasers using an InGaAlP cladding layer (1993)

A new GaAs laser diode employing InGaAlP for the cladding layer has been successfully fabricated. A large band-gap difference between the GaAs active and InGaAlP cladding layers reduced the electron overflow, which drastically improved the temperature characteristics. The highest temperature continuous wave operation of 212 °C was obtained. A large characteristic temperature, T0 of 190 K was maintained up to 140 °C. Any significant problem due to a heterointerface of GaAs/InGaAlP including high Al composition was not observed through the laser characteristics.
ChemInform Abstract: Cross‐Metathesis in the Synthesis of Bioactive Phosphonates (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.