gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Noninvasive blood glucose level measurement using nuclear magnetic resonance (2015)

Many investigations have been conducted in the field of noninvasive blood-glucose concentration measurement yet; none seem to meet the standards of comfort, accuracy and safety. This paper presents the preliminary outcomes of our investigations into the potential of using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) principles for the noninvasive measurement of blood glucose level in humans. The initial phase of the research involved testing the feasibility of using NMR in measuring glucose concentration in water. Then, the method was modified to enable us to measure the glucose level concentration in humans. Various signal processing methods were tested to find the best algorithm that improves detection accuracy. Results obtained from two human subjects are used to demonstrate the feasibility and found to be promising with error varying between 3% and 14%.
HE2100 and HE3204 protect Rhesus Macaques from chemotherapy or radiation induced myelosuppression (2004)

6668 Background: HE2100, androst-5-ene-3β,17β-diol, and HE3204 are naturally occurring and synthetic adrenal steroid hormones, respectively. Prophylactic and therapeutic HE2100 studies of lethally irradiated rodents demonstrated a significant survival advantage for treated groups (Whitnall et. al., Int. J. Immunopharm.2000). Rodent studies with either HE2100 or HE3204 demonstrated protection against chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression. Methods: The current study investigated the effects of these compounds in (1) a non-human primate model with induced myelosuppression from chemotherapy or ionizing radiation and (2) on primitive (Long-Term Culture-Initiating Cells-LTC-IC), lineage committed (Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Forming Cells-GM-CFC) and bone marrow mesenchymal progenitor cells. Non-human primates were given carboplatin, 35 mg/kg, 36 hrs. prior to 5 daily sc injections of HE2100 or HE3204 or 2–4 hours after sublethal total body irradiation. Blood counts were measured daily during severely neutropenic days. Results: HE2100 showed a decrease in the number of days of severe neutropenia (<500cells/uL) in the sub-lethally irradiated macaques from 7 days (vehicle) to 2 days at the highest dose (p=0.019) and reduced the days of severe neutropenia induced by carboplatin from 5.3 (vehicle) to 0.7. HE2100 increased: (1) GM-CFC-derived colony numbers by 36% using standard in vitro assays (p= <0.001); (2) at wk 4 of LTBMC the GM-CFC number by 280% (p=0.035): and (3) bone marrow mesenchymal progenitor cells in vitro. HE3204 completely eliminated severe neutropenia from chemotherapy, 5.3 days for vehicle control to 0 (p=0.03). Conclusions: This class of compounds expands committed and primitive bone marrow progenitor cells and affords significant protection from chemo or radiation induced myelosuppression in non-human primates. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Hollis Eden Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Hollis Eden Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Hollis Eden Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Evaluation of circulating cell-free DNA in cholestatic liver disease using liver-specific methylation markers (2021)

cfDNA offers promise as a non-invasive liquid-biopsy to evaluate liver-specific cell-death in patients with cholestatic liver diseases.
Cost-effective cloud HPC resource provisioning by building semi-elastic virtual clusters (2013)

Recent studies have found cloud environments increasingly appealing for executing HPC applications, including tightly coupled parallel simulations. While public clouds offer elastic, on-demand resource provisioning and pay-as-you-go pricing, individual users setting up their on-demand virtual clusters may not be able to take full advantage of common cost-saving opportunities, such as reserved instances.
Coupling of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy with capillary and microchannel analytical systems and its applications (2014)

In the past decade, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) has become an ultrasensitive and noninvasive single-molecule detection technique, which is widely applied in the physical, chemical, and life-science research. The coupling of FCS with narrow channel flow systems including the ones based on capillary provide the important, convenient, and sensitive assay platforms for probing and understanding the behavior of single molecules or nanoparticles with improved temporal and spatial resolution and need for less sample volume among other advantages. This review focus on different approaches for FCS with capillary and microchannel analytical systems and its applications in confined diffusion study, flow profiles, and imaging of narrow channel, multicomponent analyses such as protein, DNA analysis, and characterization on nanoparticles.
Design of 3.3 kW wireless battery charger for electric vehicle application considering bifurcation (2017)

Bifurcation in a resonant inductive power transfer (RIPT) system causes hard switching of the primary side inverter, decrease in efficiency and loss of control stability. Bifurcation can be avoided by either selecting complicated control strategies or by calculating the parameters of RIPT system in such a way that the system has only one resonant frequency for the entire expected range of load and coupling variations. Many control methods to tackle the bifurcation issue have been covered in the literature. This paper aims at handling the bifurcation by proposing an analytical design procedure. A fabricated system, based on the parameters calculated using presented design steps, avoids the bifurcation phenomenon for the entire coupling and load variations. A 3.3 kW wireless charger setup using series-series compensated RIPT (SS-RIPT) system and 2-phase interleaved boost power factor correction (PFC) as a front end converter has been designed using the proposed method as an example. Simulation results using MATLAB are presented to verify the proposed design methodology.
The Effects of Drugs Inhibiting Protein Secretion in the Filamentous Fungus Trichoderma reesei (2003)

To study the mechanisms of protein secretion as well as the cellular responses to impaired protein folding and transport in filamentous fungi, we have analyzed Trichoderma reesei cultures treated with chemical agents that interfere with these processes, dithiothreitol, brefeldin A, and the Ca(2+)-ionophore A23187. The effects of the drugs on the kinetics of protein synthesis and transport were characterized using metabolic labeling of synthesized proteins. Cellobiohydrolase I (CBHI, Cel7A), the major secreted cellulase, was analyzed as a model protein. Northern analysis showed that under conditions where protein transport was inhibited (treatments with dithiothreitol or brefeldin A) the unfolded protein response pathway was activated. The active form of the hac1 mRNA that mediates unfolded protein response signaling was induced, followed by induction of the foldase and chaperone genes pdi1 and bip1. Concomitant with the activation of the unfolded protein response pathway, the transcript levels of genes encoding secreted proteins, like cellulases and xylanases, were drastically decreased, suggesting a novel type of feedback mechanism activated in response to impairment in protein folding or transport (repression under secretion stress (RESS)). By studying expression of the reporter gene lacZ under cbh1 promoters of different length, it was shown that the feedback response was mediated through the cellulase promoter.
Analyzing a class of pseudo-random bit generator through inductive machine learning paradigm (2006)

Random number generation is an integral part of strong cipher systems. If a pseudo-random sequence can be predicted with better than chance probability then the generator is considered to be cryptographically weak. This paper deals with next bit pred
FLAWS IN FRICTION STIR WELDS (2003)

One of the major drivers for using friction stir welding for aluminium fabrication is the low incidence of weld flaws compared to that produced by conventional arc welding. However, the process does have its own characteristic flaws. A number of different process variables affect the quality of a joint produced by friction stir welding: tool design, tool rotation and travel speeds, tool heel plunge depth and tilt angle, welding gap, thickness mismatch and plate thickness variation. Successful, reproducible welds may be produced by operating within process “windows”. However, problems may arise when the welding conditions deviate from the standard operating window. In such circumstances, flaws may be generated. In the current work, a number of flaws encountered in friction stir welds, in particular voids, joint line remnants and root flaws were generated in an Al-Cu-Mn-Si-Mg alloy by using welding parameters outside of the established tolerance box for producing flaw-free welds. The welds were characterised using X-ray and ultrasonic non-destructive testing techniques and by metallographic sectioning. The causes of such features are described and recommendations are made to prevent their occurrence.
Making Conversational Structure Explicit: Identification of Initiation-response Pairs within Online Discussions (2010)

In this paper we investigate how to identify initiation-response pairs in asynchronous, multi-threaded, multi-party conversations. We formulate the task of identifying initiation-response pairs as a pairwise ranking problem. A novel variant of Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) is proposed to overcome a limitation of standard LSA models, namely that uncommon words, which are critical for signaling initiation-response links, tend to be deemphasized as it is the more frequent terms that end up closer to the latent factors selected through singular value decomposition. We present experimental results demonstrating significantly better performance of the novel variant of LSA over standard LSA. 1
A CMOS Analog Front-end Receiver with Desensitization to Input Capacitance for Broadband Optical Wireless Communication (2009)

Line-of-sight optical wireless channels are emerging as a promising broadband wireless access technology. This paper describes a front-end transimpedance amplifier (TIA) that is designed to overcome challenges faced by high-speed optical wireless links requiring receivers with wide field-of-view (FOV) and high dynamic range for signal acquisition/tracking. This transimpedance amplifier employs a capacitive feedback configuration, with a selfbiased automatic gain control (AGC) circuit to increase the input dynamic range. The transimpedance amplifier is designed for integration with wide FOV detectors with associated capacitance up to 5pF and its performance is insensitive (within 5%) to an order of magnitude variation in input capacitance. The self-biased AGC allows 42dB dynamic range in received optical power to accommodate varying link ranges and different optical wireless (OW) system configurations. A test chip was implemented in a lowcost 0.5- ¹ m CMOS process and achieves a maximum TIA gain of 52dB­ , -3dB bandwidth of 523MHz at 5pF input capacitance, and variable TIA gain from 52dB­ to 36dB­ without instability. Noise measurements show input-referred noise current spectral density of 22pA/ p Hz for 5pF input capacitance. Optical measurements show good eye diagrams at 750Mb/s. The power dissipation is 53mW from dual 3.3V and 1.8V supply voltages.
Self-manifestation of composite multimedia objects to satisfy security constraints (2003)

A composite multimedia object (cmo) is comprised of different media components such as text, video, audio and image, with a variety of constraints that must be adhered to. These constraints include synchronization and spatial relationships between components, as well as the confidentiality and integrity requirements on each component. While spatial and synchronization constraints are to preserve the semantics of the cmo, the security (confidentiality and integrity) constraints are to represent the access control policies and fidelity requirements. A subject (user) requesting access for a cmo may not possess the required credentials to meet the confidentiality constraints, or his computer system the desired capabilities to meet the integrity constraints. This necessitates modification to the original cmo.In this paper, we present a self-manifestation approach in which composite multimedia objects automatically manifest themselves to cater to the subjects' credentials, and the capabilities of their computer systems. We accomplish this in two steps. First, we present a logical model which is an enhanced Petri Net model, called multimedia color-time Petri net (MMCTPN) to represent the components as well as the constraints of the cmo. We then demonstrate how MMCTPN lends itself to automatic manifestation of the cmo when subject's credentials and capabilities activate it. Second, we show how the Petri net behavior can be implemented using the Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL): SMIL, which is an extension of XML, supports specification of synchronization of the multimedia components and facilitates automatic rendering. When credentials are specified with digital certificates in some XML format, our system automatically modifies the SMIL document to satisfy the security constraints. We avoid multiple certificate verifications at the component sources by generating a single security token, when multiple credentials are required to view a component.
Dynamic Resource Management In a Massively Parallel Stream Processing Engine (2015)

The emerging interest in Massively Parallel Stream Processing Engines (MPSPEs), which are able to process long-standing computations over data streams with ever-growing velocity at a large-scale cluster, calls for efficient dynamic resource management techniques to avoid any waste of resources and/or excessive processing latency. In this paper, we propose an approach to integrate dynamic resource management with passive fault-tolerance mechanisms in a MPSPE so that we can harvest the checkpoints prepared for failure recovery to enhance the efficiency of dynamic load migrations. To maximize the opportunity of reusing checkpoints for fast load migration, we formally define a checkpoint allocation problem and provide a pragmatic algorithm to solve it. We implement all the proposed techniques on top of Apache Storm, an open-source MPSPE, and conduct extensive experiments using a real dataset to examine various aspects of our techniques. The results show that our techniques can greatly improve the efficiency of dynamic resource reconfiguration without imposing significant overhead or latency to the normal job execution.
A 10 Watt Broadband FET Combiner/Amplifier (2005)

The development of a 10W MIC combiner/amplifier which combines the powers of 12 FET elemental amplifiers over a 24%, 1 dB band is described. The combining efficiency is greater than 90 percent. The design of both the radial combiner and the elemental amplifiers is described. Extension of the combiner design to operation over an octave will be discussed.
"The Whole Shape of the Act": Berthoff's Forming/Thinking/Writing, C. S. Peirce, and the Nineteenth-Century Science and Politics of Reading the World (2010)

Cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of cortical thickness and volume have shown age effects on large areas, but there are substantial discrepancies across studies regarding the localization and magnitude of effects. These discrepancies hinder understanding of effects of aging on brain morphometry, and limit the potential usefulness of MR in research on healthy and pathological age-related brain changes. The present study was undertaken to overcome this problem by assessing the consistency of age effects on cortical thickness across 6 different samples with a total of 883 participants. A surface-based segmentation procedure (FreeSurfer) was used to calculate cortical thickness continuously across the brain surface. The results showed consistent age effects across samples in the superior, middle, and inferior frontal gyri, superior and middle temporal gyri, precuneus, inferior and superior parietal cortices, fusiform and lingual gyri, and the temporo-parietal junction. The strongest effects were seen in the superior and inferior frontal gyri, as well as superior parts of the temporal lobe. The inferior temporal lobe and anterior cingulate cortices were relatively less affected by age. The results are discussed in relation to leading theories of cognitive aging.
Synthesis, X-ray crystallography and computer-aided design study of 5-amino-3-methylisoxazole-4-carboxylic acid N-(2,4,6-trimethylpyridinium)amide chlorate(VII) salt and its analogues (2003)

Experimental and theoretical investigations were performed for 5-amino-3-methylisoxazole-4-carboxylic acid N-(2,4,6-trimethylpyridinium)amide chlorate(VII) salt, which belongs to the group of isoxazole derivatives, potential antibacterial or antifungal agents. The results related to its synthesis and X-ray diffraction are presented. Quantum-chemical DFT calculations were carried out for the title molecule and its analogues. Atomic charges were calculated according to Bader's Atoms In Molecules Theory in order to find the quantum similarities of the molecules. The Polarizable Continuum Model (SCRF/PCM) with water (e = 78.39) as a solvent was used to determine the environment effects on molecular properties. The solid-state geometry optimization with Geodecker's pseudopotentials and plane-wave basis set was used to compare experimental and calculated geometrical parameters for the title compound.
Sea Loads on Ships and Offshore Structures (1990)

1. Introduction 2. Sea environment 3. Linear-wave induced motions and loads on floating structures 4. Numerical methods for linear-wave induced motions and loads 5. Second-order non-linear problems 6. Current and wind loads 7. Viscous wave loads and damping 8. Stationkeeping 9. Water impact and entry References Index.
Geometrical optimization and contact configuration in radial pn junction silicon nanorod and microrod solar cells (2012)

ABSTRACT Electric charge transport simulations of symmetrically doped radial pn junction silicon nanorod solar cells were performed using the Technology Computer‐aided Design software suite by Silvaco. Two schemes of electric contacting were applied, the first one consisting of a cathode wrapped around the cladding of the rod and the second one in a cathode located only on the top rod surface. In both cases, the anode was implemented just below the bottom end of the p‐type rod core. P‐type cores and n‐type shells of the rods were assumed, with dopant densities of 10 18 cm − 3 in both regions. The location of the pn junction was chosen such that well‐formed space charge regions could be established with the outer end of the n‐type depletion region being adjacent to the cylindric surface of the nanorod. Rod radii and rod lengths were varied and optimized in a three‐step process for both types of contacting schemes. It was found that inhomogeneous carrier generation profiles diminish the open‐circuit voltage in case of a wrapped cathode configuration. Most realistic is the usage of a top contact configuration with rod radii of 2 µm and lengths of around 100 µm, leading to a cell efficiency of about 15%. Further enhancement of performance is expected, if light trapping of the nanorod layer is taken into account and photonic light harvesting is applied. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High speed 850 nm single mode and multi mode VCSEL transmission over multimode fiber (2017)

In this paper, we evaluate the transmission throughput/range limits for multi mode and single mode 850 nm vertical cavity surface emitting lasers. Transmission experiments in the various configurations like fibre length are performed. We utilize the most basic modulation format as amplitude shift keying without any form of digital signal pre and post processing. Operation up to 50 Gbit/s below 7% FEC limit was achieved for both multi and single mode VCSEL. Experiments showed that SM VCSEL outperforms MM VCSEL in both fields: transmission distances and high speed performance operating error free at 25 Gbit/s up to 200 meters and achieving two orders of magnitude lower BER at 50 Gbit/s (3.7*10<sup>-5</sup> for SM comparing to 3.1*10 <sup>-3</sup> for MM).
Pitch predictors with high temporal resolution (2002)

A first-order pitch predictor is described whose delay is specified as an integer number of samples plus a fraction of a sample at the current sampling rate. This realization has a better performance than conventional multiple coefficient predictors and leads to more efficient coding of the predictor parameters. Also discussed is the application of noninteger delay pitch predictors to low-bit-rate speech coding.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Core–shell alginate@silica microparticles encapsulating probiotics (2016)

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) was encapsulated in core-shell alginate-silica microcapsules by coating the electrosprayed ionogel with a silica shell via hydrolysis/condensation of alkoxysilane precursors. The viability of encapsulated LGG highly depends on the mineralisation conditions (in aqueous or organic phases), identified as a critical step. More importantly, due to the unswelling of silica and to its mesoporosity that allows nutriment-metabolite diffusion, it was possible to avoid cell leakage and additionally insure bacterial growth inside the microcapsules. The results of this work gave a proof-of-concept for controlled bacterial proliferation in microcompartments, which have straightforward applications in oral delivery of probiotics.