gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Secure pervasive social networking based on multi-dimensional trust levels (2013)

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is becoming a generic platform for pervasive social networking (PSN). It is important to secure communications in PSN for crucial instant social activities. However, both centralized and distributed security solutions for PSN are impractical due to the lack of connection to a central party in urgent situations or heavy traffic and processing load for key management that is caused by the dynamic changes of PSN topology and node trust. Applying pseudonyms for PSN nodes exacerbates this situation. How to automatically control data access in a secure and efficient way is a challenge. For effectively securing PSN, the following two fundamental requirements have to be met: 1) Controlling data access should be based on trust relationships and must be flexible; 2) Key management should be done with sufficiently low computation and communication cost. In this paper, we utilize two dimensions of trust levels either evaluated by a trusted server or individual PSN nodes or both to control PSN data access in a heterogeneous manner on the basis of attribute-based encryption (ABE). We formally prove the security of our scheme based on the security of a distributed ABE scheme by Müller et al. and analyze its performance and computational complexity. Extensive analysis shows that our proposed scheme is highly efficient and provably secure under relevant system and security models.
Characteristics of ultra high performance concrete subjected to dynamic loading (2014)

Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC) is among the most promising cementitious materials developed to date. It has the potential to be a viable solution for improving the resilience and sustainability of the built infrastructure because of its high strength, durability and energy absorption capacity. Pilot studies have shown that its impact resistance is particularly impressive, yet there is hardly any information about its dynamic behavior. The experimental effort focuses on investigating the strain rate sensitivity of UHPC as a function of fiber type (straight or twisted), characteristics and volume fraction. Low strain rate tests are conducted using a hydraulic actuator, whereas high strain rate tests are conducted using a new device that employs suddenly released elastic strain energy to apply an impact pulse. Developed and optimized through computational modeling, the new device permits accurate and practical testing of UHPC specimens in direct tension, under high strain rate, and can capture both hardening and post peak responses. It is compact compared to existing test methods and permits the use of specimens that are similar in size and geometry to the specimens tested with the hydraulic actuator. A key experimental observation is that UHPC becomes significantly more energy dissipative in tension under increasing strain rates, which highlights the material’s potential for use in impact- and blast-resistant applications. Although specimens with twisted steel fibers show somewhat better mechanical properties than specimens with straight fibers due to the untwisting mechanism, comparable benefits could be obtained by using straight fibers with higher aspect ratios. Crack propagation studies show that crack speed increases asymptotically as notch tip strain rate increases. The analytical portion of the study focuses on the source of strength enhancement for concrete materials under high rate tensile loadings, a topic of current controversy in the literature. Dynamic fracture models considering crack velocity dependency prove that strain rate sensitivity is strongly associated with the characteristics of dynamic crack growth, especially the asymptotic nature of crack speed versus strain rate and inertial effects at the crack boundaries. The theoretical observations are corroborated with experimental data in the literature and new data produced by this work.
Towards Superintelligence-Driven Autonomous Network Operation Centers Using Reinforcement Learning (2021)

Today's Network Operation Centers (NOC) consist of teams of network professionals responsible for monitoring and taking actions for their network's health. Most of these NOC actions are relatively complex and executed manually; only the simplest tasks can be automated with rules-based software. But today's networks are getting larger and more complex. Therefore, deciding what action to take in the face of non-trivial problems has essentially become an art that depends on collective human intelligence of NOC technicians, specialized support teams organized by technology domains, and vendors' technical support. This model is getting increasingly expensive and inefficient, and the automation of all or at least some NOC tasks is now considered a desirable step towards autonomous and self-healing networks. In this work, we investigate whether such decisions can be taken by Artificial Intelligence instead of collective human intelligence, specifically by Deep-Reinforcement Learning (DRL), which has been shown in computer games to outperform humans. We build an Action Recommendation Engine (ARE) based on RL, train it with expert rules or by letting it explore outcomes by itself, and show that it can learn new and more efficient strategies that outperform expert rules designed by humans by as much as 25%.
Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor (PEDF) is a Determinant of Stem Cell Fate: Lessons from an Ultra-Rare Disease (2015)

PEDF is a secreted glycoprotein that is widely expressed by multiple organs. Numerous functional contributions have been attributed to PEDF with antiangiogenic, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and neurotrophic properties among the most prominent. The discovery that null mutations in the PEDF gene results in Osteogenesis Imperfecta Type VI, a rare autosomal recessive bone disease characterized by multiple fractures, highlights a critical developmental function for this protein. This ultra-rare orphan disease has provided biological insights into previous studies that noted PEDF's effects on various stem cell populations. In addition to bone development, PEDF modulates resident stem cell populations in the brain, muscle, and eye. Functional effects on human embryonic stem cells have also been demonstrated. An overview of recent advances in our understanding by which PEDF regulates stem cells and their potential clinical applications will be evaluated in this review.
Miniaturized Ir/IrOx pH Sensor for Quantitative Diagnosis of Dental Caries (2016)

Diagnosis of dental caries is one of the most basic skills for oral healthcare professionals; however, the detection methods are based on visually diagnosis, such as inspection, palpation, and X-ray imaging. Therefore, quantitative and objective diagnostic technique is needed [1]. The aim of this study is fabrication and evaluation of Iridium/Iridium Oxide (Ir/IrOx) pH sensor for quantitative diagnosis of dental caries. The potentiometric response to pH showed -57.4 mV/pH in evaluated pH range from 4 to 8, which demonstrated that our electrode possesses the excellent proton sensitivity (Nernst slope; -59.2 mV/pH). Based on the evaluation results of dental caries, we confirmed the possibility for quantitative diagnosis of dental caries using Ir/IrOx electrode based on the pH as an index.
Tamper Protection of Online Clients through Random Checksum Algorithms. (2006)

test Abstract: We describe anew purely software-based, self-checking mechanism designed to prevent tampering of client programs in client/server-applications like online-games, peer-to-peer networks, or online auction systems. Our mechanism consists of randomly creating checksum algorithms at the server. The checksum algorithms are integrated into autonomous short-lived software code, called Mobile Guards, which are downloaded to aclient program during its execution. The client programs are designed to be functionally dependent on the execution of aMobile Guard. The randomly created checksum functions and the concept of Mobile Guards enable ahighly dynamic protection mechanism, capable of rapidly evolving as new threats arise. 1
The Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction in pure water catalyzed by ligandless palladium using polyethylene glycol derivatives as surfactant (2013)

The results of a ligandless Pd(OAc) 2 ‐catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura coupling experiment are presented. It was found that the use of polyethylene glycol phosphonium salts (PEG‐quat) as surfactant resulted in very rapid reactions of aryl halides with phenylboronic acids in pure water. Moreover, aryl chlorides such as 4‐nitrochlorobenezene reacted quantitatively with phenylboronic acid under optimized conditions. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Regiospecific design strategies for 3-arylpolythiophenes with pendant stable radical groups (1999)

Carbon—carbon bond-forming polymerization of 2-bromo-3-(3′,5′-di-t-butyl-4′-methoxyphenyl)-thiophene yields poly[3-(3′,5′-di-t-butyl-4′-methoxyphenyl)-2,5-thienylene] with regiospecific connectivity and a degree of polymerization of about six. Lewis-acid-moderated-cleavage of the methoxy groups on the pendant phenyl group yield the corresponding polyphenolic polymer, which is oxidized under solution conditions to yield the title polyradical. Poly[3-(3′,5′-di-t-butyl-4′-oxyphenyl)-2,5-thienylene] exhibits a strong, persistent electron spin resonance spectrum and a UV–visible spectrum consistent with formation of the pendant phenoxyl spin-bearing units. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 37: 779–788, 1999
Comparative Performances of HIV-1 RNA Load Assays at Low Viral Load Levels: Results of an International Collaboration (2013)

Low-level viremia during antiretroviral therapy and its accurate measurement are increasingly relevant. Here, we present an international collaboration of 4,221 paired blood plasma viral load (pVL) results from four commercial assays, emphasizing the data with low pVL. The assays compared were the Abbott RealTime assay, the Roche Amplicor assay, and the Roche TaqMan version 1 and version 2 assays. The correlation between the assays was 0.90 to 0.97. However, at a low pVL, the correlation fell to 0.45 to 0.85. The observed interassay concordance was higher when detectability was defined as 200 copies/ml than when it was defined as 50 copies/ml. A pVL of ∼100 to 125 copies/ml by the TaqMan version 1 and version 2 assays corresponded best to a 50-copies/ml threshold with the Amplicor assay. Correlation and concordance between the viral load assays were lower at a low pVL. Clear guidelines are needed on the clinical significance of low-level viremia.
The use of XML in healthcare information management. (2000)

Extensible Markup Language (XML) is an emerging Internet standard that is gaining momentum in many industries, including healthcare. This article examines the origins of XML, its components, and some potential uses for XML in the healthcare industry. It then discusses a specific initiative to use XML as the basis for an industry-standard scheduling protocol.
DERECHO CONSTITUCIONAL A LA VIDA Y LA LIBERTAD RELIGIOSA: EL CASO GUTIÉRREZ DE AMARILLA S/ AMPARO (2019) (2019)

interpretacion de una ley sobre transfusion de sangre, cuando el paciente se niega a recibir el tratamiento por motivos religiosos, al ser miembro de los “Testigos de Jehova”. La decision de la corte reviste de importancia ante la interpretacion que pueda tener en lo relativo a la delimitacion de la libertad religiosa en contraposicion con el derecho a la vida. La Corte Suprema de Justicia decide evacuar la consulta afirmando que la reglamentacion sobre transfusion de sangre no viola el derecho a la libertad religiosa, atendiendo a que el principio constitucional del derecho a la vida prevalece sobre la libertad religiosa e ideologica. 
Palabras clave: libertad religiosa, derecho a la vida, libre disposicion del cuerpo, libertad ideologica, eutanasia, muerte asistida

Abstract: 
The commented case refers to a constitutional consultation that seeks to clarify the proper interpretation of a law on blood transfusion, in the circumstance of a patient who refuses to receive treatment for religious reasons, by being a member of the “Jehovah's Witnesses”. The decision of the Supreme Court is relevant for the interpretation that it may have regarding the delimitation of religious freedom opposed to the right to life. The Supreme Court of Justice decides to evacuate the query stating that the blood transfusion regulation does not violate the right to religious freedom, considering that the constitutional principle of the right to life prevails over religious and ideological freedom.
Keywords: religious freedom, right to life, free disposition of the body, ideological freedom, euthanasia, assisted death

DOI: 10.7764/RLDR.9.107
Multi-Objective Negotiation Mechanism in Manufacturing Enterprise Supply Chain Based on Multi-Agent (2023)

In the operation of manufacturing enterprise supply chain, there are lots of conflicts and differences between the node enterprises because of the different demands on the price, quality, cost, and other factors. These conflicts and differences can be effectively solved by negotiation. In this paper, the authors will abstract different entities in manufacturing enterprise supply chain as agents, and present a negotiation mode, and then discuss the negotiation tactics and procedures between the purchasing agent and supplier agent. Next, a practical example will be discussed and simulated for validating the negotiation model. Application of negotiation tactics and models will be helpful for resolving differences and conflicts, and improving negotiation efficiency. That will be used for optimizing the supply chain management, maximizing the benefits, and improving the operational efficiency of manufacturing enterprise supply chain.
The identification of capsaicinoids in tear-gas spray. (1982)

"Natural" capsaicin has been identified in "Halt!" sprays by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), infrared spectrophotometry (IR), and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Individual capsaicinoids have been identified as capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and nordihydrocapsaicin. The recommended analytical procedure for small samples is HPLC followed by GC/MS. The alternative procedure of solvent extraction and preparation TLC followed by IR is recommended for large samples.
High Resolution Observations of Galaxies with Ska (2000)

This paper gives an overview of the problems in HI research that can be addressed with a next generation radio telescope such as the Square Kilometer Array (SKA). The paper will mostly concentrate on the HI aspects of the exciting possibilities which a new instrument such as SKA offers. Both the prospects for research of nearby galaxies and the possibilites for using HI surveys for probing large scale structure and evolution galaxies will be discussed.
Ki-M8 monoclonal antibody reactive with an intracytoplasmic antigen of monocyte/macrophage lineage (1987)

A monoclonal antibody (MoAb), Ki-M8, that reacts specifically with cells of the monocyte/macrophage system is described. On light and electron microscopic immunohistochemistry, Ki-M8 recognizes intracytoplasmatically localized antigens of mol wt 30,000 and 32,000, increasingly expressed during differentiation of monocytes into macrophages. Ki-M8 antigen is detectable on almost all known tissue macrophages and monocyte/macrophage-related cell lines after appropriate stimulation. In functional terms Ki-M8 significantly impairs the generation of oxygen radicals during an induced respiratory burst. Applied to acute nonlymphoblastic leukemias, a clear-cut differentiation of the monocytic phenotype and differentiation is possible on the basis of Ki-M8 immunoreactivity. Ki-M8 represents a reagent specific for the monocyte/macrophage system with regard to antigen distribution in normal and neoplastic cells as well as with regard to its influence on a typical monocyte/macrophage-related function.
Future systems for low flying operations (1998)

This paper considers the systems and technologies that need to be developed to support future requirements for aircraft and helicopter low flying operation. Although particular mission scenarios will dictate differing low level flight capabilities, especially between fixed wing and helicopters, the underlying technologies and techniques should be applicable to a range of requirements. The consideration of low level flight also brings into question who (or what) is in control of the aircraft' s flight path. It will be assumed that for fast jet operation, say below 100 ft and around 500 kts ground speed, automatic terrain following (ATF) and automatic ground/obstacle collision avoidance systems (AGOCAS) will be required. For slower speed operation (for example, helicopters and fixed wing transport aircraft), pilot control or a mixture of pilot and automatic control may be preferred. The author examines these situations.
Circulating miR-375 as a Biomarker of β-Cell Death and Diabetes in Mice (2013)

Type 1 diabetes is a progressive autoimmune disease that is largely silent in its initial stages. Yet, sensitive methods for detection of β-cell death and prediction and prevention of diabetes are lacking. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) have been found at high concentrations in body fluids. Here in this study we sought to determine whether an islet enriched miRNA, miR-375, is a suitable blood marker to detect β-cell death and predict diabetes in mice. We measured miR-375 levels by quantitative RT-PCR in plasma samples of streptozotocin (STZ)-treated C57BL/6 mice and nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. We also measured miR-375 levels in media samples of cytokine- or STZ-treated islets in the presence or absence of cell-death inhibitors. High-dose STZ administration dramatically increased circulating miR-375 levels, prior to the onset of hyperglycemia. Similarly, in the NOD mouse model of autoimmune diabetes, circulating miR-375 levels were significantly increased 2 weeks before diabetes onset. Moreover, cytokine- and STZ-induced cell death in isolated mouse islets produced a striking increase in extracellular miR-375 levels, which was reduced by cell death inhibitors. These data suggest that circulating miR-375 can be used as a marker of β-cell death and potential predictor of diabetes.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of new antimuscarinic compounds with amidine basic centers. A useful bioisosteric replacement of classical cationic heads (1990)

Amidines (guanidine, formamidine, and acetamidine) were introduced as substitutes for the cationic heads present in atropine, scopolamine, and corresponding quaternary derivatives. Amidine systems are intermediate in structure between tertiary amines and quaternary compounds, at least as regards ionization and electronic properties, but differ from the latter in shape (planar not tetrahedral). They have additional binding opportunities on account of their hydrogen-bond-forming capacity. The effect of the introduction of these cationic heads on the affinity for different muscarinic acetyl choline receptor (m-AcChR) subtypes was investigated in vitro, in binding displacement studies, and in functional tests on isolated organs. All new compounds (3a,b-5a,b) showed high affinity for the m-AcChR considered, comparable or slightly inferior to that of the parent drugs (1a-e). The new amidine derivatives proved effective as spasmolytic agents, with little tendency to cause central effects. However, no separation was achieved of spasmolytic and other untoward effects, like inhibition of salivation. Thus, amidine moieties are effective bioisosteric substitutes for conventional cationic heads present in antimuscarinic agents. Their unusual physical-chemical properties make them useful tools when modulation of pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic effects is required.
Mobility and session management: UMTS vs. cdma2000 (2004)

This article describes the mobility and session management mechanisms for UMTS and cdma2000 packet-switched (PS) service domains, and compares the design guidelines for these two third-generation technologies. We first introduce the network architectures and protocols for UMTS and cdma2000, and then elaborate on the PS service domain's mobility management, session management, and IP-level mobility mechanisms. Based on the mobility and session management mechanisms of the UMTS and cdma2000 PS service domains, an integrated architecture and intersystem roaming procedures are proposed to show the implementation feasibility of UMTS-cdma2000 IP-level interworking.
Expression of the molt-inhibiting hormone-like gene in the eyestalk and brain of the white shrimp Penaeus vannamei. (1995)

Neuropeptides from the X-organ-sinus gland complex in the eyestalk have important roles in the regulation of growth and maturation in crustaceans. A complementary DNA encoding a molt-inhibiting hormone-like (MIH-like) neuropeptide from the eyestalk of Penaeus vannamei has been isolated and cloned in this laboratory. Using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method, the gene encoding the MIH-like neuropeptide was shown to be expressed in the brain as well as in the eyestalk. Subsequent cloning and sequencing of the PCR products showed that the MIH-like gene transcript of the brain shares 98% sequence identity with that of the eyestalk. In situ hybridization experiments showed that the MIH-like messenger RNA is exclusively localized in the X-organ complex in the medulla terminalis of the eyestalk, whereas in the brain the MIH-like gene transcript was detected in three regions including the neurosecretory cells, giant cells, and lateral cell bodies. These data suggest that the MIH-like peptide could have a specific function in nervous system activity other than its classic molt-inhibiting function.
Learning End-to-End Autonomous Steering Model from Spatial and Temporal Visual Cues (2017)

In recent years, autonomous driving algorithms using low-cost vehicle-mounted cameras have attracted increasing endeavors from both academia and industry. There are multiple fronts to these endeavors, including object detection on roads, 3-D reconstruction etc., but in this work we focus on a vision-based model that directly maps raw input images to steering angles using deep networks. This represents a nascent research topic in computer vision. The technical contributions of this work are two-fold. First, the model is learned and evaluated on real human driving videos that are time-synchronized with other vehicle sensors. This differs from many prior models trained from synthetic data in racing games. Second, state-of-the-art models, such as PilotNet, mostly predict the wheel angles independently on each video frame, which contradicts common understanding of driving as a stateful process. Instead, our proposed model strikes a combination of spatial and temporal cues, jointly investigating instantaneous monocular camera observations and vehicle»s historical states. This is in practice accomplished by inserting carefully-designed recurrent units (e.g., LSTM and Conv-LSTM) at proper network layers. Our experimental study is based on about 6 hours of human driving data provided by Udacity. Comprehensive quantitative evaluations demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of our model, even under scenarios like drastic lighting changes and abrupt turning. The comparison with other state-of-the-art models clearly reveals its superior performance in predicting the due wheel angle for a self-driving car.