gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Classification of Live Scanned Fingerprints using Histogram of Gradient Descriptor (2018)

The processing time during fingerprint recognition is a main problem when the fingerprint database is huge. Classifying fingerprints into subcategories is an effective way to restrict the search space into a sub-database. We propose a new fingerprint classification method based on modified Histograms of Oriented Gradients (HOG) descriptor. The way orientation field is computed in HOG descriptor is not adapted to the ridge patterns. We compute the orientation field, which is adapted to the ridge patterns and incorporate in HOG descriptor, enhancing its potential to represent a fingerprint in a robust way. Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) with RBF kernel is used as a classifier. We performed experiments on the noisy fingerprint database FVC-2004, a benchmark database; the proposed method achieved the average accuracy of 98.70, which is better than those of the state-of-the-art fingerprint classification methods.
Damage Mitigation: Recent Advances in Thermoplastic Self-Healing Polymers (2010)

Several commercially available polymeric materials that display puncture self-healing functionality at different temperature ranges have been identified. The puncture healing mechanism in these materials is a function of the synergistic combination of viscoelastic properties. Temperatures at the site of impact were measured to be as high as 130 o C. Also, puncture healing mechanism in a polymeric panel was confirmed and captured by high speed video. The findings reported in this communication highly suggest puncture healing functionality may possibly be tailored for various temperature based applications.
The Hallmarks of Ferroptosis (2018)

Ferroptosis is a nonapoptotic, iron-dependent form of cell death that can be activated in cancer cells by natural stimuli and synthetic agents. Three essential hallmarks define ferroptosis, namely: the loss of lipid peroxide repair capacity by the phospholipid hydroperoxidase GPX4, the availability of redox-active iron, and oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-containing phospholipids. Several processes including RAS/MAPK signaling, amino acid and iron metabolism, ferritinophagy, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cell adhesion, and mevalonate and phospholipid biosynthesis can modulate susceptibility to ferroptosis. Ferroptosis sensitivity is also governed by p53 and KEAP1/NRF2 activity, linking ferroptosis to the function of key tumor suppressor pathways. Together these findings highlight the role of ferroptosis as an emerging concept in cancer biology and an attractive target for precision cancer medicine discovery.
Identification of an adenosine receptor domain specifically involved in binding of 5'-substituted adenosine agonists. (1994)

The bovine A1 adenosine receptor (A1AR) and rat A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) display distinct agonist and antagonist binding properties. To identify regions involved in ligand recognition, A1AR/A3AR chimeric receptors were created, expressed in COS-7 cells, and analyzed by radioligand binding. A chimeric receptor in which the third intracellular loop of the A1AR was replaced with that of the A3AR bound agonists and the antagonist, [3H]xanthine amine congener, with affinities identical to wild-type A1AR. A chimeric receptor with the fifth transmembrane domain (TM5) and third intracellular loop of the A1AR replaced with that of the A3AR displayed antagonist affinity similar to wild-type A1AR. However, relative to the A1AR, this chimeric demonstrated much greater affinity for 5'-substituted adenosine analogs, whereas affinity for N6-substituted compounds was unaffected. Substitution of a 6-amino acid cassette of the exofacial half of TM5 of the A3AR into the A1AR produced enhanced binding of exclusively a 5'-substituted analog, indicating involvement of this specific region in ligand recognition. These findings suggest that the 5'- and N6-substituents of adenosine agonists bind to distinct regions of ARs and that TM5 of the A3AR interacts more favorably with 5'-substituted compounds than does that of the A1AR.
Carrier phase estimation for optically coherent QPSK based on Wiener-optimal and adaptive Multi-Symbol Delay Detection (MSDD) (2012)

The MSDD carrier phase estimation technique is derived here for optically coherent QPSK transmission, introducing the principle of operation while providing intuitive insight in terms of a multi-symbol extension of naïve delay-detection. We derive here for the first time Wiener-optimized and LMS-adapted versions of MSDD, introduce simplified hardware realizations, and evaluate complexity and numerical performance tradeoffs of this highly robust and low-complexity carrier phase recovery method. A multiplier-free carrier phase recovery version of the MSDD provides nearly optimal performance for linewidths up to ~0.5 MHz, whereas for wider linewidths, the Wiener or LMS versions provide optimal performance at about 9 taps, using 1 or 2 complex multipliers per tap.
The cAMP phosphodiesterase-4D7 (PDE4D7) is downregulated in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells and mediates proliferation by compartmentalising cAMP at the plasma membrane of VCaP prostate cancer cells (2014)

PDE4D7 expression is significantly downregulated between AS and AI cell phenotypes. This change in expression potentially provides a novel androgen-independent biomarker and manipulation of its activity or its expression may provide therapeutic possibilities and insights into contributory aspects of the complex molecular pathology of prostate cancer.
A Y-domain magnetic thin film memory element (1985)

A memory element using Y-shaped domain wall structures in Ni-Fe films to represent data bits is presented. The memory element geometry, fabrication conditions, magnetization characteristics, and principle of operation are described. A 50-ns coincident current write and a 250-ns nondestructive read are described.
Gelcasting: From laboratory development toward industrial production (1995)

Gelcasting, a ceramic forming process, was developed to overcome some of the limitations of other complex-shape forming techniques such as injection molding and slip casting. In gelcasting, a concentrated slurry of ceramic powder in a solution of organic monomers is poured into a mold and then polymerized in-situ to form a green body in the shape of the mold cavity. Thus, it is a combination of polymer chemistry with slip processing and represents minimal departure from standard ceramic processing. The simplicity of the process has attracted industrial partners and by collaboration between them and the developers, the process is being advanced from the laboratory toward industrial production.
19.3: Efficient White Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Devices (2007)

Abstract We demonstrate two phosphorescent white OLEDs. At 1,000 cd/m 2 , one has EQE = 20% at CIE = (0.38, 0.39), and another has 25 lm/W with CIE (0.39, 0.44). At 100 cd/m 2 and with outcoupling enhancements, devices either have total EQE = 37% or total efficacy = 51 lm/W.
Selection of an Immunogenic and Protective Epitope of the PsaA Protein of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> Using a Phage Display Library (2000)

Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important pathogen that causes disease in young and elderly individuals. The currently available polysaccharide vaccines have limited efficacy in those age groups most susceptible to pneumococcal infections. This study focuses on mapping the epitopes of a surface protein of S. pneumoniae by biopanning a 15 mer phage display library using 5 different monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the Pneumoccal surface adhesin A (PsaA). PsaA is a component of the bacterial cell wall that is highly species specific and is involved in bacterial adherence and virulence. Biopanning of the phage display library reveals three distinct epitopes on the PsaA protein. The sequence homology of these epitopes ranges from two to six amino acids when compared to the native PsaA protein type 2. Two of these epitopes have been evaluated for their immunogeneicity in mice. The peptide selected by the MAbs 8G12, 6F6, and 1B7 is referred to as the consensus peptide and is immunogenic in mice. Optimal anti-PsaA response is observed in mice immunized with 50microg of the consensus peptide complexed to proteosomes in 1:1 ratio. The anti-PsaA response is significantly lower than the response to the PsaA native protein. The peptide selected by monoclonal antibody 4E9 in its lipidated form is significantly protective in mice challenged with S. pneumoniae serotype 2 when compared to mice immunized with the native protein. These results show that the selected epitopes of PsaA protein are immunogenic and protective in mice. These epitopes need to be evaluated further as alternatives to currently available vaccines.
Germania-Based, Sol−Gel Hybrid Organic−Inorganic Coatings for Capillary Microextraction and Gas Chromatography (2007)

Germania-based, sol-gel hybrid organic-inorganic coatings were developed for capillary microextraction and gas chromatography (GC). Being an isostructural analogue of SiO2, GeO2 is compatible with the silica network. Because of this similarity, germania-based materials possess great potential for being used in the areas of chromatographic separation and sample preparation. These possibilities, however, remain practically unexplored. To our knowledge, this is the first instance that a germania-based hybrid sol-gel material is used as a sorbent in analytical sample preparation or chromatographic separation. Tetramethoxygermane was used as a precursor to create a sol-gel network via hydrolytic polycondensation reactions performed within a fused-silica capillary. The growing sol-gel germania network was simultaneously reacted with an organic ligand that contained sol-gel-active sites in its chemical structure. Three different sol-gel-active ligands were used: (a) hydroxy-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane), (b) hydroxy-terminated poly(dimethyldiphenylsiloxane), and (c) 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. Sol-gel germania-coated capillaries of desired polarity and extraction selectivity were prepared by using an appropriately selected sol-gel-active ligand in the sol solution. These capillaries were further used to extract trace concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, phenols, and free fatty acids from aqueous samples. The extracted solutes were further analyzed by GC-FID. The new germania-based coatings showed excellent stability under harsh operation conditions involving extreme pH values, high temperatures, and aggressive solvents. Our preliminary results also indicate that sol-gel hybrid germania coatings have the potential to offer great analytical performance as GC stationary phases.
Model Predictive Pulse Pattern Control (2011)

Industrial applications of medium-voltage drives impose increasingly stringent performance requirements, particularly with regard to harmonic distortions of the phase currents of the controlled electrical machine. An established method to achieve very low current distortions during steady-state operation is to employ offline calculated optimized pulse patterns (OPP). Achieving high dynamic performance, however, proves to be very difficult in a system operated by OPPs. In this paper, we propose a method that combines the optimal steady-state performance of OPPs with the very fast dynamics of trajectory tracking control. A constrained optimal control problem with a receding horizon policy, i.e., model predictive control (MPC), is formulated and solved. Results show that the combination of MPC with OPPs satisfies both the strict steady-state as well as the dynamic performance requirements imposed by the most demanding industrial applications. The estimation of the fundamental components of the machine variables separately from their respective harmonic components is not required. As a result, complicated structures such as observers can be avoided, contrary to state-of-the-art methods. A further advantage of the MPC method is the use of a receding horizon policy, which provides feedback and a high degree of robustness.
Purification of the active C5a receptor from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes as a receptor-Gi complex. (1991)

We have isolated, in an active state, the C5a receptor from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The purification was achieved in a single step using a C5a affinity column in which the C5a molecule was coupled to the resin through its N terminus. The purified receptor, like the crude solubilized molecule, exhibited a single class of high-affinity binding sites with a Kd of 30 pM. Further, the binding of C5a retained its sensitivity to guanine nucleotides, implying that the purified receptor contained a guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein). SDS/PAGE revealed the presence of three polypeptides with molecular masses of 42, 40, and 36 kDa, which were determined to be the C5a-binding subunit and the alpha and beta subunits of Gi, respectively. The 36- and 40-kDa polypeptides were identified by immunoblotting and by the ability of pertussis toxin to ADP-ribosylate the 40-kDa molecule. These results confirm our earlier hypothesis that the receptor exists as a complex with a G protein in the presence or absence of C5a. The tight coupling between the receptor and G protein should make possible the identification of the G protein(s) involved in the transduction pathways used by C5a to produce its many biological effects.
Arabic Optical Character Recognition (2011)

Arabic text recognition is receiving more attentions from both Arabic and non-Arabic-speaking researchers. This chapter provides a general overview of the state-of-the-art in Arabic Optical Character Recognition (OCR) and the associated text recognition technology. It also investigates the characteristics of the Arabic language with respect to OCR and discusses related research on the different phases of text recognition including: pre-processing and text segmentation, common feature extraction techniques, classification methods and post-processing techniques. Moreover, the chapter discusses the available databases for Arabic OCR research and lists the available commercial Software. Finally, it explores the challenges related to Arabic OCR and discusses possible future trends.
Fluorescence Imaging in Surgery (2013)

Although the modern surgical era is highlighted by multiple technological advances and innovations, one area that has remained constant is the dependence of the surgeon's vision on white-light reflectance. This renders different body tissues in a limited palette of various shades of pink and red, thereby limiting the visual contrast available to the operating surgeon. Healthy tissue, anatomic variations, and diseased states are seen as slight discolorations relative to each other and differences are inherently limited in dynamic range. In the upcoming years, surgery will undergo a paradigm shift with the use of targeted fluorescence imaging probes aimed at augmenting the surgical armamentarium by expanding the "visible" spectrum available to surgeons. Such fluorescent "smart probes" will provide real-time, intraoperative, pseudo-color, high-contrast delineation of both normal and pathologic tissues. Fluorescent surgical molecular guidance promises another major leap forward to improve patient safety and clinical outcomes, and to reduce overall healthcare costs. This review provides an overview of current and future surgical applications of fluorescence imaging in diseased and nondiseased tissues and focus on the innovative fields of image processing and instrumentation.
<title>Large-format 1280 x 1024 full-frame CCD image sensor with a lateral-overflow drain and transparent gate electrode</title> (1991)

This paper describes the design and performance of a large format, 1280(H) X 1024(V) pixel, full-frame CCD image sensor. A lateral-overflow drain (LOD) is incorporated for antiblooming control while providing high responsivity and photographic speed. The use of an LOD also provides high optical overload protection, and an extremely linear photoresponse compared to that of its vertical-overflow drain (VOD) counterpart owing to the near-unity nonideality factor of the LOD structure. Optical overloads in excess of 43,000 times saturation have been measured without blooming, and the photoresponse nonlinearity at saturation is less than 1. The LOD structure is also much easier to fabricate than a typical VOD structure and is much less sensitive to processing and drain bias variations. The device''s two-phase CCD pixels measure 16 micrometers on a side. The LOD structure occupies roughly 30 of this area using conservative design rules. Since much of this area is required for overlap of the various layers of the color-filter array (CFA), the incorporation of the LOD does not result in any significant additional loss of fill factor. To further enhance the detector''s sensitivity, a transparent gate electrode process has been implemented which replaces one of the CCD''s polysilicon electrodes with indium-tin oxide (ITO). The ITO gate electrode increases the quantum efficiency of the detector from 1.5 at a wavelength of 400 nm. The responsivity of the transparent gate electrode structure over the visible spectrum is 210 nA/lux. This is more than 38 higher than that of the all-polysilicon gate structure.
Preparation of a Spherical Morphology of Tetranitroglycoluril (TNGU) (2014)

Abstract : A new, spherical morphology of tetranitroglycoluril (TNGU) has been prepared from the solvent, anti-solvent interaction of nitric acid and dichloromethane. This spherical morphology is significantly less sensitive to impact, friction, and static discharge than TNGU as isolated according to literature methods. The spheres averaged in size approximately 3 and appear to be uniform in size by scanning electron microscopy.
Antibody-Catalyzed Rearrangement of the Peptide Bond (1992)

The generation of antibodies from a bifunctional cyclic phosphinate transition-state analog provided agents capable of efficiently catalyzing both steps of the overall conversion of a substrate containing an asparaginyl-glycyl sequence through a succinimide intermediate to the products aspartyl-glycyl and the rearranged isoaspartyl-glycyl sequence. This reaction provides a potential means in addition to amide cleavage for the deactivation of protein or peptide biological functions in vivo.
Supplementary Materials 1 and 2 from Cytidine Deaminase Deficiency Reveals New Therapeutic Opportunities against Cancer (2023)

<p>Cell lines (Supplementary Material 1), Primer sequences and Antibodies (Supplementary Material 2).</p>
Identification of a New DNA Region Specific for Members of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Complex (1998)

The successful use of DNA amplification for the detection of tuberculous mycobacteria crucially depends on the choice of the target sequence, which ideally should be present in all tuberculous mycobacteria and absent from all other bacteria. In the present study we developed a PCR procedure based on the intergenic region (IR) separating two genes encoding a recently identified mycobacterial two-component system named SenX3-RegX3. The senX3-regX3 IR is composed of a novel type of repetitive sequence, called mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units (MIRUs). In a survey of 116 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains characterized by different IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphisms, 2 Mycobacterium africanum strains, 3 Mycobacterium bovis strains (including 2 BCG strains), and 1 Mycobacterium microti strain, a specific PCR fragment was amplified in all cases. This collection included M. tuberculosis strains that lack IS6110 or mtp40, two target sequences that have previously been used for the detection of M. tuberculosis. No PCR fragment was amplified when DNA from other organisms was used, giving a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 100% in the confidence limit of this study. The numbers of MIRUs were found to vary among strains, resulting in six different groups of strains on the basis of the size of the amplified PCR fragment. However, the vast majority of the strains (approximately 90%) fell within the same group, containing two 77-bp MIRUs followed by one 53-bp MIRU.
Closed Loop Optimal Control Enabled Micro-Force Sensors (2006)

This paper presents a closed loop optimal control enabled force sensing technology in micromanipulation and microassembly. The developed micro-force sensor is based on a cantilevered beam structure with piezoelectric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) actuating/sensing layers symmetrically bonded over its entire surfaces. In this type sensors, when an external load is applied, the deformed PVDF sensing layer detects the force signal and feed it through a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) optimal servoed controller to the PVDF actuating layer, as a result, a closed feedback loop can be formed when a balance force is generated by the actuating layer within the sensor to balance the externally applied load, making the moving tip of the highly sensitive sensor remain in its equilibrium position. Once balanced, the sensor stiffness is virtually improved, so that accurate motion control of the moving part of the sensor can be attained. Furthermore, the applied force can also be achieved from the balance force in real time. This closed loop optimal control enabled force sensors can greatly enlarge the dynamic range of the microforce sensor and will enhance manipulability during micromanipulation/microassembly when the sensor is mounted to the end-effector.
Normalization coefficient computing for continuous bed motion acquisition (2013)

With the addition of variable bed speed capabilities, continuous bed motion (CBM) becomes an acquisition generalization for axial sensitivity modeling and therefore a flexible tool in local image quality adjustment. In this paper, we describe the principles behind CBM mode planning and its influence on image reconstruction. The data correction method underwent the most changes compared to the commonly used step and shoot (S&S) mode. The CBM normalization array computing accommodates for activity decay, variable dead time correction, and the fact that various detector pairs acquire the same data for different durations of time. Computing the normalization array is performed simulating the movement of an object through the scanner, assisted by the monitoring of basic scanner acquisition parameters such as the singles rate. The sensitivity, which is the number of counts acquired per image plane modeling, is an intrinsic part of normalization computing. Basic equations to estimate acquisition time at matched sensitivity between mono speed CBM and S&S mode are presented. The CBM feature was implemented on a Siemens clinical scanner and initial studies of phantoms and patients are presented.