gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deficient autophagy unravels the ROS paradox in chronic granulomatous disease (2014)

Autophagy defects resulting in inflammation appear to be a key feature in the pathogenesis of Crohn colitis. An inflammatory colitis indistinguishable from Crohn disease is described in patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). Patients with CGD have a mutated NADPH complex and are therefore deficient in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production; however, the underlying mechanism for the inflammatory colitis in CGD remained unknown. In a recent study, our group reported that NADPH-dependent ROS deficiency results in autophagic dysfunction that subsequently contributes to increased IL1B/interleukin 1β production. Mice deficient in the NADPH-complex component NCF4/p40phox, and CGD patients with a defect in NCF4 display minimal recruitment of LC3 to phagosomes in response to internalized bacteria and fungi. Human monocytes from patients with CGD with defective LC3 recruitment show increased IL1B production after LPS stimulation. Blocking IL1 protects NCF4-deficient mice from experimental colitis; importantly, improved clinical outcome in 2 CGD patients with colitis is also observed with IL1 blockade. Moreover, blocking IL1 restores defective autophagy in CGD mice and cells from patients with CGD. Thus, autophagic dysfunction underlies the pathogenesis of granulomatous colitis in CGD, and blocking IL1 can be used to treat CGD colitis.
Nitrogen acids. 1. Carboxamides and sulfonamides (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNitrogen acids. 1. Carboxamides and sulfonamidesF. G. Bordwell and Donald AlgrimCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 14, 2507–2508Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00876a042https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00876a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1358Altmetric-Citations118LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Comparison of Sized Open-End and Ring Spun Yarns (1983)

Cotton open-end (OE) yarns of 4.5 and 5.0 T.M. and a ring yarn of 4.5 T.M. were treated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) each at yarn counts of 8, 14.5, 21, and 27.5. The treated yams were compared with controls by testing for breaking strength, elongation, tenac ity, and abrasion resistance. Comparisons were also made between the three types of yarn. Properties of treated OE yarns compared to untreated ring yarns of the same count are presented and the feasibility of using durable chemically treated OE yarn instead of untreated ring yarn is discussed.
A Comparative Study of Monitoring Data Center Temperature through Visualizations in Virtual Reality versus 2D Screen (2018)

Due to constantly increasing amount of data, the need for more efficient data center management solutions has increased dramatically. Approximately 40% of the costs for data centers is associated with cooling, making temperature management of data centers vital for data center profitability, performance, and sustainability. Current data center hardware management software lack a visual and contextual approach to data center monitoring, overlooking the hierarchical and spatiotemporal data structures of data center data in its design. This study compared two potential data center temperature visualizations — 3D visualization in virtual reality (VR) and 2D visualization on 2D screen — in terms of time to task completion, accuracy rate, and user satisfaction. Results of a within-subject user study with 13 data center specialists indicated that users perceived three-dimensional data center racks and devices more efficiently in VR than in a 2D visualization, whereas a two-dimensional graph was interpreted more efficiently and accurately on a 2D screen. The user satisfaction of both implemented visualizations scored over 80 in a System Usability Scale (SUS) survey, showing that the implemented visualizations have significant potential to improve data center temperature management.
Automated diagnostics of a person's psychophysical condition based on the gas-discharge visualization (GDV) method (2002)

Digital method of Gas Discharge Visualizations images is suggested enabling automated determination of pathology in person condition.
Salvia miltiorrhiza: Chemical and pharmacological review of a medicinal plant (2010)

Salvia miltiorrhiza is a well-known traditional Chinese herb, belongs to the family of Labiatae, is used in many parts of the world to treat various conditions due to their excellent medicinal values. It is rich sources of tanshinone I, tanshinone II, miltirone and salvianolic acid and a wide range of chemical compounds. Extracts of the plant, particularly those from the root, possess useful pharmacological activities. Particular attention has been given to anti-oxidant activity, anti-microbial activity, antivirus activity, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular disease and so on. An account of chemical constituents and biological activities is presented and a critical appraisal of the ethnopharmacological issues is included in view of the many recent findings of S. miltiorrhiza. The aim of this review is to up-date and to present a comprehensive analysis of traditional uses, pharmacological reports and phyto-constituents isolated from the plant.

	 

	Key words: Salvia miltiorrhiza, biological activities, medicinal plant.
On estimating end-to-end network path properties (1999)

The more information about current network conditions available to a transport protocol, the more efficiently it can use the network to transfer its data. In networks such as the Internet, the transport protocol must often form its own estimates of network properties based on measurements performed by the connection endpoints. We consider two basic transport estimation problems: determining the setting of the retransmission timer (RTO) for a reliable protocol, and estimating the bandwidth available to a connection as it begins. We look at both of these problems in the context of TCP, using a large TCP measurement set [Pax97b] for trace-driven simulations. For RTO estimation, we evaluate a number of different algorithms, finding that the performance of the estimators is dominated by their minimum values, and to a lesser extent, the timer granularity, while being virtually unaffected by how often round-trip time measurements are made or the settings of the parameters in the exponentially-weighted moving average estimators commonly used. For bandwidth estimation, we explore techniques previously sketched in the literature [Hoe96, AD98] and find that in practice they perform less well than anticipated. We then develop a receiver-side algorithm that performs significantly better.
In Vivo Electroporation Enhances the Immunogenicity of an HIV-1 DNA Vaccine Candidate in Healthy Volunteers (2011)

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00545987.
Forward four-wave mixing with defocusing nonlinearity (2007)

We experimentally demonstrate degenerate, forward four-wave mixing effects in a self-defocusing photorefractive medium, in both one and two transverse dimensions. We observe the nonlinear evolution of new modes as a function of propagation distance, in both the near-field and far-field (Fourier space) regions.
Statistical decision rules concerning synteny or independence between markers (1986)

Data on the segregation of human markers in somatic hybrids between permanent rodent cell lines and primary human cells were gathered and statistically analyzed, using various criteria of association. The analysis provides evidence that human chromosomes do not segregate independently in somatic cell hybrids. A statistical decision rule concerning synteny or independence between markers is proposed, and its utility in developing the gene maps of other species by means of somatic cell hybridization is explored.
Aptamers functionalized hybrid nanomaterials for algal toxins detection and decontamination in aquatic system: Current progress, opportunities, and challenges (2022)

Purification and detection of algal toxins is the most effective technique to ensure that people have clean and safe drinking water. To achieve these objectives, various state-of-the-art technologies were designed and fabricated to decontaminate and detect algal toxins in aquatic environments. Amongst these technologies, aptamer-functionalized hybrid nanomaterials conjugates have received significant consideration as a result of their several benefits over other methods, such as good controllable selectivity, low immunogenicity, and biocompatibility. Because of their excellent properties, aptamer-functionalized hybrid nanomaterials conjugates are one of several remarkable agents. Several isolated aptamer sequences for algal toxins are addressed in this review, as well as aptasensor and decontamination aptamer functionalized metal nanoparticle-derived hybrid nanocomposites applications. In addition, we present diverse aptamer-functionalized hybrid nanomaterial conjugates designs and their applications for sensing and decontamination.
Cyclopolymerization of 1,6-Heptadienes Catalyzed by Iron and Cobalt Complexes:  Synthesis of Polymers with Trans- or Cis-Fused 1,2-Cyclopentanediyl Groups Depending on the Catalyst (2007)

The Fe and Co complexes with a bis(imino)pyridine ligand promote the polymerization of 1,6-heptadienes with quantitative cyclization to yield polymers containing five-membered rings. The polymers composed of cis-fused five-membered rings and trans-fused rings are obtained selectively by choosing the catalyst.
Resonance (2009)

Enterprise network security is typically reactive, and it relies heavily on host security and middleboxes. This approach creates complicated interactions between protocols and systems that can cause incorrect behavior and slow response to attacks. We argue that imbuing the network layer with mechanisms for dynamic access control can remedy these ills. We propose Resonance, a system for securing enterprise networks, where the network elements themselves enforce dynamic access control policies based on both flow-level information and real-time alerts. Resonance uses programmable switches to manipulate traffic at lower layers; these switches take actions (e.g., dropping or redirecting traffic) to enforce high-level security policies based on input from both higherlevel security policies and distributed monitoring and inference systems. We describe the design of Resonance, apply it to Georgia Tech's network access control system, show how it can both overcome the current shortcomings and provide new security functions, describe our proposed deployment, and discuss open research questions.
Evolution of Entanglement Between Distinguishable Light States (2008)

We investigate the evolution of quantum correlations over the lifetime of a multiphoton state. Measurements reveal time-dependent oscillations of the entanglement fidelity for photon pairs created by a single semiconductor quantum dot. The oscillations are attributed to the phase acquired in the intermediate, nondegenerate, exciton-photon state and are consistent with simulations. We conclude that emission of photon pairs by a typical quantum dot with finite polarization splitting is in fact entangled in a time-evolving state, and not classically correlated as previously regarded.
Neural alignment predicts learning outcomes in students taking an introduction to computer science course (2021)

Despite major advances in measuring human brain activity during and after educational experiences, it is unclear how learners internalize new content, especially in real-life and online settings. In this work, we introduce a neural approach to predicting and assessing learning outcomes in a real-life setting. Our approach hinges on the idea that successful learning involves forming the right set of neural representations, which are captured in canonical activity patterns shared across individuals. Specifically, we hypothesized that learning is mirrored in neural alignment: the degree to which an individual learner's neural representations match those of experts, as well as those of other learners. We tested this hypothesis in a longitudinal functional MRI study that regularly scanned college students enrolled in an introduction to computer science course. We additionally scanned graduate student experts in computer science. We show that alignment among students successfully predicts overall performance in a final exam. Furthermore, within individual students, we find better learning outcomes for concepts that evoke better alignment with experts and with other students, revealing neural patterns associated with specific learned concepts in individuals.
MORPHO-TAXONOMY OF THE FAMILY MERISMOPEDIACEAE, CHROOCOCCALES, CYANOPROCARYOTE (2014)

International audience
Carbon Nanotubes for Interconnect Applications (2004)

We briefly review the status of the application of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for future interconnects and present results concerning possible integration schemes. Growth of single nanotubes at lithographically defined locations (vias) has been achieved which is a prerequisite for the use of CNTs as future interconnects. For the 20 nm node, a current density of 5 10^8 A/cm^2 and a resistance of 7.8 kOhm could be achieved for a single multi-walled CNT vertical interconnect.
Diabetic Mouse Angiopathy Is Linked to Progressive Sympathetic Receptor Deletion Coupled to an Enhanced Caveolin-1 Expression (2004)

Objective— Clinical studies have demonstrated that hyperglycaemia represents a major risk factor in the development of the endothelial impairment in diabetes, which is the first step in vascular dysfunction. Using non-obese diabetic mice, we have evaluated the role of the adrenergic system and eNOS on progression of the disease Methods and Results— When glycosuria is high (20 to 500 mg/dL), there is a selective reduction in the response to α 1 and β 2 agonists but not to dopamine or serotonin. When glycosuria is severe (500 to 1000 mg/dL), there is a complete ablation of the contracture response to the α 1 receptor agonist stimulation and a marked reduced response to β 2 agonist stimulation. This effect is coupled with a reduced expression of α 1 and β 2 receptors, which is caused by an inhibition at transcriptional level as demonstrated by RT-PCR. In the severe glycosuria (500 to 1000 mg/dL), although eNOS expression is unchanged, caveolin-1 expression is significantly enhanced, indicating that high glucose plasma levels cause an upregulation of the eNOS endogenous inhibitory tone. These latter results correlate with functional data showing that in severe glycosuria, there is a significant reduction in acetylcholine-induced vasodilatation. Conclusions— Our results show that in diabetes development, there is a progressive selective downregulation of the α 1 and β 2 receptors. At the same time, there is an increased expression of caveolin-1, the endogenous eNOS inhibitory protein. Thus, caveolin-1 could represent a new possible therapeutic target in vascular impairment associated with diabetes.
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mfrac><mml:mrow><mml:mi>t</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>U</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:mfrac></mml:math>expansion for the Hubbard model (1988)

We describe a unitary transformation which eliminates terms coupling states with differing numbers of doubly occupied sites from the Hamiltonian of the Hubbard model. The $S$ matrix for the transformation, and the transformed Hamiltonian, ${H}^{\ensuremath{'}}$, are generated by an iterative procedure which results in an expansion in powers of the hopping integral $t$ divided by the on-site energy $U$. For a half-filled band and in the space with no doubly occupied sites, ${H}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ is equivalent to a spin Hamiltonian. We discuss the implications of our results for ${H}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ on theories of high-temperature superconductivity.
Can Machine Learning Predict the Price of Art at Auction? (2020)

It has been said that beauty is in the eye of the beholder. But how well can beauty be valued by the eye of machine learning? Jason Bailey, art analytics expert, explores in this issue's Recreations in Randomness the capabilities of machine learning to provide reliable valuations of artwork that can be used by buyers and auction houses, and how these valuations might even shape the art market.
Dual x-tree wavelet image coding (2010)

The lack of directional selectivity has harmed the performance of traditional discrete wavelet transform based image coding, especially when the original image includes multidirectional textures. To offer a better compression ability for multidirectional textural images, a novel wavelet image coding scheme, called dual x-tree wavelet image coding is proposed in this paper. First, the 2-D dual-tree discrete wavelet transform (DDWT) is performed on the input image. Then the noise shaping procedure is exerted on the transform coefficients to get their sparse representation. Finally, an improved x-tree image coding algorithm is applied to encode the coefficients. Different from the common used noise shaping, we adopt a pruning phase to the procedure to make the coefficients better fit our dual x-tree encoder. To make good use of the strong correlation between two wavelet trees produced from DDWT, the dual wavelet trees are jointly encoded to improve the coding performance. Simulation results have demonstrated that the proposed algorithm achieves about 0.5dB gain over state-of-the-arts for multidirectional textural image at low bitrate.
Ductal Carcinoma in Situ: Computer-aided Detection in Screening Mammography (2006)

CAD had a high sensitivity in the depiction of DCIS.
A role for metals and free radicals in the induction of apoptosis in thymocytes (1994)

Recent reports have implicated a possible but undefined role for reactive oxygen species in the induction and mediation of apoptosis. In the present study, the role of free radicals and metal ions in apoptosis induced in rat thymocytes by dexamethasone and etoposide was examined. Copper chelators, but not iron specific chelators, inhibited apoptosis induced by both these stimuli. Several antioxidants also possessed potent inhibitory effects. We therefore propose that diverse agents may induce apoptosis in thymocytes by a common mechanism involving a copper mediated Fenton reaction, generating site specific hydroxyl radicals, possibly as a result of activation of the redox sensitive transcription factor NF-kappa B.
Role of surface IgM and IgD on survival of the cells from B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (2002)

We read with great interest the paper by Bernal et al[1][1] on the ability of anti–human IgM antibodies to prevent spontaneous apoptosis of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells in vitro. These findings suggest that receptor engagement by certain antigens, perhaps autoantigens that are
An Empirical Study on Sentiment Classification of Chinese Review using Word Embedding (2015)

In this article, how word embeddings can be used as features in Chinese sentiment classification is presented. Firstly, a Chinese opinion corpus is built with a million comments from hotel review websites. Then the word embeddings which represent each comment are used as input in different machine learning methods for sentiment classification, including SVM, Logistic Regression, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and ensemble methods. These methods get better performance compared with N-gram models using Naive Bayes (NB) and Maximum Entropy (ME). Finally, a combination of machine learning methods is proposed which presents an outstanding performance in precision, recall and F1 score. After selecting the most useful methods to construct the combinational model and testing over the corpus, the final F1 score is 0.920.
A decentralized architecture for adaptive media dissemination (2003)

P2P (peer-to-peer) content distribution networks have become extremely popular on the Internet. Due to their self-organization properties, they suffer from the lack of control to balance the load among peers for contents of different popularity. We define and analyze a fully decentralized architecture to support replication of popular media content in a peer-to-peer network. We show that by exploiting local knowledge only, this method achieves a near-optimal behavior with respect to response time in a scenario with limited storage capabilities at peers.
Augmented Lagrangian method for total variation restoration with non-quadratic fidelity (2011)

Recently augmented Lagrangian method has been successfully appliedto image restoration. We extend the method to total variation (TV)restoration models with non-quadratic fidelities. We will firstintroduce the method and present an iterative algorithm for TVrestoration with a quite general fidelity. In each iteration, threesub-problems need to be solved, two of which can be very efficientlysolved via Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) implementation or closedform solution. In general the third sub-problem need iterativesolvers. We then apply our method to TV restoration with $L^1$ andKullback-Leibler (KL) fidelities, two common and important dataterms for deblurring images corrupted by impulsive noise and Poissonnoise, respectively. For these typical fidelities, we show that thethird sub-problem also has closed form solution and thus can beefficiently solved. In addition, convergence analysis of thesealgorithms are given. Numerical experiments demonstrate theefficiency of our method.
Hydrophilic poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membrane by in situ polymerisation of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and micro-phase separation (2012)

A method of obtaining a hydrophilic and antifouling poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membrane is developed via in situ polymerisation of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in PVDF solution and subsequent micro-phase separation. The immobilization of PHEMA in a PVDF membrane was verified by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-NMR). X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) studies further unveiled the enrichment of PHEMA on the PVDF membrane surfaces. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) images revealed that the modified membrane had a fibrous-like microstructure in the cross section and a porous top surface. Water contact angle measurement suggested that the modified membrane formed by in situ polymerisation and micro-phase separation possessed higher hydrophilicity than the control membrane formed by blending PVDF and pre-polymerised PHEMA. The protein fouling of the modified membrane was considerably alleviated and the dried membrane showed spontaneous wettability and excellent permeability. Based on Wide-Angle X-ray Diffraction (WAXD) and the above results, a possible membrane formation mechanism for the in situ polymerisation and subsequent micro-phase separation was proposed.