gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A high efficiency low-temperature microwave-driven atmospheric pressure plasma jet (2019)

The design, performance, and characteristics of a low-temperature microwave-driven atmospheric pressure plasma jet (MAPPJ) are presented. The MAPPJ is based on a complex coaxial transmission line structure, and the gas is discharged by a continuous-wave microwave. By inputting two channel gas through inner and outer coaxial transmission lines, respectively, the gas flow can be restricted and the plasma jet open to atmospheric air could be long and straight without quartz tube. A 28.6 mm long straight low-temperature plasma jet is observed in the experiment. This MAPPJ device shows high efficiency in a wide operation range, and a maximum efficiency of 89.6% is measured in the experiment without a microwave matching network. This approach can be an initiation toward the commercialization of low-temperature MAPPJs.
The Metabolism of Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids by Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Is Protective against the Development of Vascular Calcification (2020)

This study addressed the hypothesis that soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), which metabolizes endothelium-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, plays a role in vascular calcification. The sEH inhibitor <i>trans</i>-4-(4-(3-adamantan-1-yl-ureido)-cyclohexyloxy)-benzoic acid (<i>t</i>-AUCB) potentiated the increase in calcium deposition of rat aortic rings cultured in high-phosphate conditions. This was associated with increased tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase activity and mRNA expression level of the osteochondrogenic marker Runx2. The procalcifying effect of <i>t</i>-AUCB was prevented by mechanical aortic deendothelialization or inhibition of the production and action of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids using the cytochrome P450 inhibitor fluconazole and the antagonist 14,15-epoxyeicosa-5(Z)-enoic acid (14,15-EEZE), respectively. Similarly, exogenous epoxyeicosatrienoic acids potentiated the calcification of rat aortic rings through a protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent mechanism and of human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells when sEH was inhibited by <i>t</i>-AUCB. Finally, a global gene expression profiling analysis revealed that the mRNA expression level of sEH was decreased in human carotid calcified plaques compared to adjacent lesion-free sites and was inversely correlated with Runx2 expression. These results show that sEH hydrolase plays a protective role against vascular calcification by reducing the bioavailability of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids.
Nucleotide sequence and transcriptional analysis of the type A2 neurotoxin gene cluster in<i>Clostridium botulinum</i> (2004)

The nucleotide sequences of the upstream regions of the botulinum neurotoxin type A1 (BoNT/A1) cluster of Clostridium botulinum strain NCTC 2916 and the BoNT/A2 cluster of strain Kyoto-F were determined. A novel gene, designated orfx3, was identified following the orfx2 gene in both clusters. ORF-X2 and ORF-X3 exhibit similarity to the BoNT cluster associated P-47 protein. The BoNT/A1 and BoNT/A2 clusters share a similar gene arrangement, but exhibit differences in the spacing between certain genes. Sequences with similarity to transposases were identified in these intergenic regions, suggesting that these differences arose from an ancestral insertion event. Transcriptional analysis of the BoNT/A2 cluster revealed that the genes of the cluster are primarily synthesized as three polycistronic transcripts. Two divergent polycistronic transcripts, one encoding the orfx1, orfx2, and orfx3 genes, the second encoding the p47, ntnh, and bont/a2 genes, are transcribed from conserved BoNT cluster promoters. The third polycistronic transcript, expressed at low levels, encodes the positive regulatory botR gene and the orfx genes. This is the first complete analysis of a botulinum toxin A2 cluster.
Quantification of coagulation factor XIII activity by a thio-NADH based assay using factor XIII immuno-depleted plasma as a diluent for calibration (2010)

The described prototype assay has the potential to (a) increase trueness of measurement of low levels of FXIII, (b) improve robustness due to reduction from interferences, and (c) can be used on a broad range of coagulation instruments due to its detection at 405 nm.
Visual Sensing of Humans for Active Public Interfaces (1998)

Computer vision-based sensing of people enables a new class of public multi-user computer interfaces. Computing resources in public spaces, such as automated, information-dispensing kiosks, represent a computing paradigm that differs from the conventional desktop environment and correspondingly, requires a user-interface metaphor quite unlike the traditional WIMP interface. This chapter describes a prototype public computer interface which employs color and stereo tracking to sense the users' activity and an animated speaking agent to attract attention and communicate through visual and audio modalities.
Buckminsterfullerene and photodynamic inactivation of viruses (1998)

The development of new virus inactivation procedures has become an area of growing interest mainly due to increased demands concerning the safety of biological products. Photochemical processes represent the most promising methods for the future to inactivate viruses. In these methods, dyes are the most widely used photosensitising reagents. The current article covers a new interesting alternative, namely the use of buckminsterfullerene (C60). The unique properties of this molecule make it a valid candidate for future applications in the inactivation of viruses in biological fluids. Copyright 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic IP router-tables using highest-priority matching (2004)

We develop a data structure called BOB (binary tree on binary tree) for dynamic router tables in which the rule filters are nonintersecting ranges and in which ties are broken by selecting the highest-priority rule that matches a destination address. Prefix filters are a special case of nonintersecting ranges and the commonly used longest-prefix tie breaker is a special case of the highest-priority tie breaker. We also develop two modified version of BOB - PBOB (prefix BOB) for the case when all rule filters are prefixes and LMPBOB (longest matching-prefix BOB) when all rule filters are prefixes and longest-prefix matching is to be done. On practical n-rule router table, BOB, PBOB and LMPBOB perform search, insert and delete In O(log n) time and with O(log n) cache misses. Experimental results also are presented.
Keep the Stress Away with SoDA: Stress Detection and Alleviation System (2017)

Long-term exposure to stress may lead to serious health problems such as those related to the immune, cardiovascular, and endocrine systems. Once having arisen, these problems require a considerable investment of time and money to recover from. With early detection and treatment, however, these health problems may be nipped in the bud, thus improving quality of life. We present an automatic stress detection and alleviation system, called SoDA, to address this issue. SoDA takes advantage of emerging wearable medical sensors (WMSs), specifically, electrocardiogram (ECG), galvanic skin response (GSR), respiration rate, blood pressure, and blood oximeter, to continuously monitor human stress levels and mitigate stress as it arises. It performs stress detection and alleviation in a user-transparent manner, i.e., without the need for user intervention. When it detects stress, SoDA employs a stress alleviation technique in an adaptive manner based on the stress response of the user. We establish the effectiveness of the proposed system through a detailed analysis of data collected from 32 participants. A total of four stressors and three stress reduction techniques are employed. In the stress detection stage, SoDA achieves 95.8 percent accuracy with a distinct combination of supervised feature selection and unsupervised dimensionality reduction. In the stress alleviation stage, we compare SoDA with the `no alleviation' baseline and validate its efficacy in responding to and alleviating stress.
Protein Kinases C and D Mediate Agonist-Dependent Cardiac Hypertrophy through Nuclear Export of Histone Deacetylase 5 (2004)

A variety of stress signals stimulate cardiac myocytes to undergo hypertrophy. Persistent cardiac hypertrophy is associated with elevated risk for the development of heart failure. Recently, we showed that class II histone deacetylases (HDACs) suppress cardiac hypertrophy and that stress signals neutralize this repressive function by triggering phosphorylation- and CRM1-dependent nuclear export of these chromatin-modifying enzymes. However, the identities of cardiac HDAC kinases have remained unclear. Here, we demonstrate that signaling by protein kinase C (PKC) is sufficient and, in some cases, necessary to drive nuclear export of class II HDAC5 in cardiomyocytes. Inhibition of PKC prevents nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of HDAC5 in response to a subset of hypertrophic agonists. Moreover, a nonphosphorylatable HDAC5 mutant is refractory to PKC signaling and blocks cardiomyocyte hypertrophy mediated by pharmacological activators of PKC. We also demonstrate that protein kinase D (PKD), a downstream effector of PKC, directly phosphorylates HDAC5 and stimulates its nuclear export. These findings reveal a novel function for the PKC/PKD axis in coupling extracellular cues to chromatin modifications that control cellular growth, and they suggest potential utility for small-molecule inhibitors of this pathway in the treatment of pathological cardiac gene expression.
Human Anti-Plague Monoclonal Antibodies Protect Mice from Yersinia pestis in a Bubonic Plague Model (2010)

Yersinia pestis is the etiologic agent of plague that has killed more than 200 million people throughout the recorded history of mankind. Antibiotics may provide little immediate relief to patients who have a high bacteremia or to patients infected with an antibiotic resistant strain of plague. Two virulent factors of Y. pestis are the capsid F1 protein and the low-calcium response (Lcr) V-protein or V-antigen that have been proven to be the targets for both active and passive immunization. There are mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the F1- and V-antigens that can passively protect mice in a murine model of plague; however, there are no anti-Yersinia pestis monoclonal antibodies available for prophylactic or therapeutic treatment in humans. We identified one anti-F1-specific human mAb (m252) and two anti-V-specific human mAb (m253, m254) by panning a naïve phage-displayed Fab library against the F1- and V-antigens. The Fabs were converted to IgG1s and their binding and protective activities were evaluated. M252 bound weakly to peptides located at the F1 N-terminus where a protective mouse anti-F1 mAb also binds. M253 bound strongly to a V-antigen peptide indicating a linear epitope; m254 did not bind to any peptide from a panel of 53 peptides suggesting that its epitope may be conformational. M252 showed better protection than m253 and m254 against a Y, pestis challenge in a plague mouse model. A synergistic effect was observed when the three antibodies were combined. Incomplete to complete protection was achieved when m252 was given at different times post-challenge. These antibodies can be further studied to determine their potential as therapeutics or prophylactics in Y. pestis infection in humans.
Mechanical Testing of a Smart Spinal Implant Locking Mechanism Based on Nickel-Titanium Alloy (2006)

To our knowledge, the self-tightening coupling is a new concept not previously described and is attributable to the superior superelastic effect of the new coupling. This implant coupling has the potential to be used as a very low profile system and also in nonfusion technologies in which demands on the coupling would not higher without the protection of spinal fusion.
Purification and Biochemical Characterization of Mutacin I from the Group I Strain of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> , CH43, and Genetic Analysis of Mutacin I Biosynthesis Genes (2000)

Previously, we reported isolation and characterization of mutacin III and genetic analysis of mutacin III biosynthesis genes from the group III strain of Streptococcus mutans, UA787 (F. Qi, P. Chen, and P. W. Caufield, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65:3880-3887, 1999). During the same process of isolating the mutacin III structural gene, we also cloned the structural gene for mutacin I. In this report, we present purification and biochemical characterization of mutacin I from the group I strain CH43 and compare mutacin I and mutacin III biosynthesis genes. The mutacin I biosynthesis gene locus consists of 14 genes in the order mutR, -A, -A', -B, -C, -D, -P, -T, -F, -E, -G, orfX, orfY, orfZ. mutA is the structural gene for mutacin I, while mutA' is not required for mutacin I activity. DNA and protein sequence analysis revealed that mutacins I and III are homologous to each other, possibly arising from a common ancestor. The mature mutacin I is 24 amino acids in size and has a molecular mass of 2, 364 Da. Ethanethiol modification and peptide sequencing of mutacin I revealed that it contains six dehydrated serines, four of which are probably involved with thioether bridge formation. Comparison of the primary sequence of mutacin I with that of mutacin III and epidermin suggests that mutacin I likely has the same bridging pattern as epidermin.
The role of lysolecithin in the relaxation of vascular smooth muscle (1987)

The effect of lysolecithin (lysophosphatidylcholine) on the relaxation of rabbit aortic strip closely resembled that produced by acetylcholine (ACh) which releases the endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF). Relaxation induced by lysolecithin depended on the presence of endothelium and was inhibited by hemoglobin and methylene blue. It appeared to be mediated by the second messenger, c-GMP. Lysolecithin induced relaxation was slower but more persistent than that resulting from the endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) produced by acetylcholine (ACh). Like lysolecithin, Triton X-100, a non-ionic detergent, also preferentially relaxed aortic strips with intact endothelium. The results demonstrate the importance of phospholipids derived from cell membranes in vascular smooth muscle relaxation. Endothelium-derived relaxing factors appear as a group of heterogeneous substances.
Nitric oxide in exhaled air (1996)

Much interest is now being focused on measurements of nitric oxide (NO) in exhaled air. In healthy subjects exhaled NO seems to originate mainly in the nasal airways, whereas the contribution from the lower respiratory tract is low. In certain inflammatory airway disorders, the excretion of NO into the airways is altered resulting in changes in the levels of NO in exhaled air. New techniques have been developed to measure NO release at different levels of the airways: asthmatics show increased orally-exhaled NO levels, whereas patients with cystic fibrosis or Kartagener's syndrome exhibit a marked reduction in nasal release of NO. It has been suggested that measurements of exhaled NO may be clinically useful in noninvasive diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory airway diseases. To further evaluate the potential clinical usefulness of measurement of exhaled NO, it is vital to explore how airway NO production is normally regulated and what factors influence airway NO excretion.
Synergistic Protection of Mice against Plague with Monoclonal Antibodies Specific for the F1 and V Antigens of <i>Yersinia pestis</i> (2003)

Monoclonal antibodies specific for Yersinia pestis V antigen and F1 antigen, administered singly or in combination, protected mice in models of bubonic and pneumonic plague. Antibodies showed synergy when administered prophylactically and as a therapy 48 h postinfection. Monoclonal antibodies therefore have potential as a treatment for plague.
Microstructure of epitaxial potassium niobate thin films prepared by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1996)

The microstructure of (001)p-oriented (subscript p indicates the choice of a pseudocubic unit cell) potassium niobate (KNbO3) thin films grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on (100)p lanthanum aluminate and having a large second-order nonlinear optical response is examined. Transmission electron microscopy reveals the films to be epitaxial and the film/substrate interface to be abrupt and semicoherent. The strain between the film and substrate due to the 5% lattice constant mismatch is accommodated by formation of an array of misfit dislocations as well as 60° and 120° ferroelectric microdomains. The domains are located in a 20 nm thick region adjacent to the interface. Beyond the multidomain region, the film is free of significant defects.
Secure self-calibrating quantum random-bit generator (2007)

Random-bit generators (RBGs) are key components of a variety of information processing applications ranging from simulations to cryptography. In particular, cryptographic systems require ``strong'' RBGs that produce high-entropy bit sequences, but traditional software pseudo-RBGs have very low entropy content and therefore are relatively weak for cryptography. Hardware RBGs yield entropy from chaotic or quantum physical systems and therefore are expected to exhibit high entropy, but in current implementations their exact entropy content is unknown. Here we report a quantum random-bit generator (QRBG) that harvests entropy by measuring single-photon and entangled two-photon polarization states. We introduce and implement a quantum tomographic method to measure a lower bound on the ``min-entropy'' of the system, and we employ this value to distill a truly random-bit sequence. This approach is secure: even if an attacker takes control of the source of optical states, a secure random sequence can be distilled.
Recent Developments in Targeting Carbonic Anhydrase IX for Cancer Therapeutics (2012)

Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a hypoxia-inducible enzyme that is overexpressed by cancer cells from many tumor types, and is a component of the pH regulatory system invoked by these cells to combat the deleterious effects of a high rate of glycolytic metabolism. CAIX functions to help produce and maintain an intracellular pH (pHi) favorable for tumor cell growth and survival, while at the same time participating in the generation of an increasingly acidic extracellular space, facilitating tumor cell invasiveness. Pharmacologic interference of CAIX catalytic activity using monoclonal antibodies or CAIX-specific small molecule inhibitors, consequently disrupting pH regulation by cancer cells, has been shown recently to impair primary tumor growth and metastasis. Many of these agents are in preclinical or clinical development and constitute a novel, targeted strategy of cancer therapy.
The Role of Intensity Upon Pitch Perception in Cochlear Implant Recipients (2006)

The results suggest that a distinct relationship exists between pitch perception and intensity of the stimulus. To date, speech coding strategies do not support these findings. Nevertheless, we believe that for the optimized most natural perception of sounds, especially music, the described particularities of pitch perception need to be respected, and further investigations on this topic are necessary.
Binding of Complement Factor H to PorB3 and NspA Enhances Resistance of Neisseria meningitidis to Anti-Factor H Binding Protein Bactericidal Activity (2015)

Among 25 serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis clinical isolates, we identified four (16%) with high factor H binding protein (FHbp) expression that were resistant to complement-mediated bactericidal activity of sera from mice immunized with recombinant FHbp vaccines. Two of the four isolates had evidence of human FH-dependent complement downregulation independent of FHbp. Since alternative complement pathway recruitment is critical for anti-FHbp bactericidal activity, we hypothesized that in these two isolates binding of FH to ligands other than FHbp contributes to anti-FHbp bactericidal resistance. Knocking out NspA, a known meningococcal FH ligand, converted both resistant isolates to anti-FHbp susceptible isolates. The addition of a nonbactericidal anti-NspA monoclonal antibody to the bactericidal reaction also increased anti-FHbp bactericidal activity. To identify a role for FH ligands other than NspA or FHbp in resistance, we created double NspA/FHbp knockout mutants. Mutants from both resistant isolates bound 10-fold more recombinant human FH domains 6 and 7 fused to Fc than double knockout mutants prepared from two sensitive meningococcal isolates. In light of recent studies showing functional FH-PorB2 interactions, we hypothesized that PorB3 from the resistant isolates recruited FH. Allelic exchange of porB3 from a resistant isolate to a sensitive isolate increased resistance of the sensitive isolate to anti-FHbp bactericidal activity (and vice versa). Thus, some PorB3 variants functionally bind human FH, which in the presence of NspA enhances anti-FHbp resistance. Combining anti-NspA antibodies with anti-FHbp antibodies can overcome resistance. Meningococcal vaccines that target both NspA and FHbp are likely to confer greater protection than either antigen alone.
Synthesis of New Linear Guanidines and Macrocyclic Amidinourea Derivatives Endowed with High Antifungal Activity against <i>Candida</i> spp. and <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. (2009)

New linear and cyclic guanidines were synthesized and tested in vitro for their antifungal activity toward clinically relevant strains of Candida species, in comparison to fluconazole. Macrocyclic compounds showed a minimum inhibitory concentration in the micromolar range and a biological activity profile in some cases better than that of fluconazole. One macrocyclic derivative was also tested against Aspergillus species and showed high antifungal activity comparable to that of amphotericin B and itraconazole.
Real-time hearing aid simulation (1995)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Jonathan D. Birck, Grayson C. Silaski; Real‐time hearing aid simulation. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 July 1995; 98 (1): 29. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.413736 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
A frequency domain stereophonic acoustic echo canceler exploiting the coherence between the channels (1999)

Stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation (AEC) is typically intended for use in high quality teleconferencing systems and multiparticipant desktop conferencing that implement sound transmission through two channels. Because of the high correlation between the two channel signals, rapidly converging adaptive filter algorithms (such as the two-channel fast recursive least-squares—FRLS) are required. In this paper, we propose a new and efficient frequency domain adaptive algorithm that achieves this goal.