gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nitric Oxide in the Local Host Reaction to Total Hip Replacement (1998)

Nitric oxide is emerging as one of the most studied molecules in many aspects of human physiology and pathophysiology. Because of the inflammatory nature of aseptic loosening of total hip replacement, it is likely that nitric oxide plays a major role in this condition as well. Nitric oxide is known to interact with cyclooxygenase enzymes that produce prostanoids. Nitric oxide can stimulate synthesis and activity of the inducible, proinflammatory isoform of the enzyme, namely, cyclooxygenase 2. Interactions between the cytokine inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase 2 pathways serve to regulate bone cell viability such that cyclooxygenase 2 activity can protect against nitric oxide mediated programmed cell death. In the pseudomembrane these two pathways are coactivated in CD68 positive macrophages, fibroblasts, lining cells, and in vascular smooth muscles. Particle generation from wear of the prosthesis has a significant role as an inducer of nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase 2; macrophages laden with small size particles and positive for inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase 2 are a frequent finding. Nitric oxide readily reacts with superoxide to form peroxynitrite, which is a strong oxidant species. In pseudosynovial interface membrane, detection of nitrotyrosine provides evidence for the formation and activity of peroxynitrite. These findings show evidence that nitric oxide, superoxide, and peroxynitrite mediated cellular damage is part of the pathophysiology of aseptic loosening of joint implants. These new findings suggest that antiinflammatory compounds can be useful to treat early aseptic loosening of joint implants.
Static and Dynamic Characteristics of Externally Pressurized Porous Gas Journal Bearing With Four Degrees-of-Freedom (2017)

This paper studies the static and dynamic coefficients of an externally pressurized porous gas journal bearing. The finite difference method is used to solve the Reynolds equation of the bearing to obtain the static load capacity. The linear perturbation method is adopted to derive the perturbation equations considering four degrees-of-freedom (4DOF), namely, the translational movements in x and y directions and the rotational movements around x and y directions. The effects of various parameters on the dynamic behaviors of the journal bearing are studied. These parameters include the bearing number, the supply pressure, the feeding parameter, the length-to-diameter ratio, the porosity parameter, the eccentricity ratio, and tilting angles. Simulated results prove that the proposed method is valid in estimating the static and dynamic characteristics of a porous gas journal bearing with 4DOF.
Outstanding luminescence from neutral copper(i) complexes with pyridyl-tetrazolate and phosphine ligands (2013)

Strongly luminescent, neutral copper(I) complexes bearing 5-(2-pyridyl)tetrazolate and various phosphine ligands were synthesized. While the cationic copper(I) precursors 1b-4b do not exceed photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) of 4-46%, the neutral complexes 1a-4a show PLQYs of up to 89%.
Can Text Messages Increase Empathy and Prosocial Behavior? The Development and Initial Validation of Text to Connect (2015)

To what extent can simple mental exercises cause shifts in empathic habits? Can we use mobile technology to make people more empathic? It may depend on how empathy is measured. Scholars have identified a number of different facets and correlates of empathy. This study is among the first to take a comprehensive, multidimensional approach to empathy to determine how empathy training could affect these different facets and correlates. In doing so, we can learn more about empathy and its multifaceted nature. Participants (N = 90) were randomly assigned to receive either an empathy-building text message program (Text to Connect) or one of two control conditions (active versus passive). Respondents completed measures of dispositional empathy (i.e. self-perceptions of being an empathic person), affective empathy (i.e. motivations to help, immediate feelings of empathic concern), and prosocial behavior (i.e. self-reports and observer-reports) at baseline, and then again after the 14 day intervention period. We found that empathy-building messages increased affective indicators of empathy and prosocial behaviors, but actually decreased self-perceptions of empathy, relative to control messages. Although the brief text messaging intervention did not consistently impact empathy-related personality traits, it holds promise for the use of mobile technology for changing empathic motivations and behaviors.
An evaluation of the effectiveness of adaptive histogram equalization for contrast enhancement (1988)

Adaptive histogram equalization (AHE) and intensity windowing have been compared using psychophysical observer studies. Experienced radiologists were shown clinical CT (computerized tomographic) images of the chest. Into some of the images, appropriate artificial lesions were introduced; the physicians were then shown the images processed with both AHE and intensity windowing. They were asked to assess the probability that a given image contained the artificial lesion, and their accuracy was measured. The results of these experiments show that for this particular diagnostic task, there was no significant difference in the ability of the two methods to depict luminance contrast; thus, further evaluation of AHE using controlled clinical trials is indicated.
Fasciotomy closure techniques (2017)

We evaluated the risks and success rates of the three major techniques for compartment syndrome fasciotomy closure by reviewing all literature published to date. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we systematically evaluated the Medline (PubMed) database until July 2015, utilizing the Boolean search sting "compartment syndrome OR fasciotomy closure." Two authors independently assessed all studies published in the literature to ensure validity of extracted data. The data was compiled into an electronic spreadsheet, and the wound closure rate with each technique was assessed utilizing a proportion random model effect. Success was defined as all wounds that could be closed without skin grafting, amputation, or death. The highest success rate was observed for dynamic dermatotraction and gradual suture approximation, whereas vacuum-assisted closure had the lowest complication rate.
DOD standard internet protocol (1980)

article Free Access Share on DOD standard internet protocol Author: Jon Postel View Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication ReviewVolume 10Issue 4October 1980 pp 12–51https://doi.org/10.1145/1040132.1040133Online:01 October 1980Publication History 20citation374DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations20Total Downloads374Last 12 Months47Last 6 weeks19 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Three Dimensional Computer Modeling of Magnetospheric Substorm (1989)

Magnetospheric substorm in the magnetotail region is studied numericallu by means of a three dimensional MHD code. The analytic solution for the quiet magnetotail is employed as an initial configuration. The localized solar wind is modeled to enter the simulation domain through the boundaries located in the magnetotail lobe region. As a result of the interaction between the solar wind and the magnetosphere, the magnetic field lines are stretched, and the plasma sheet becomes thinner and thinner. When the current driven resistivity is generated, magnetic reconnection is triggered by this resistivity. The resulting plasma jetting is found to be supper-magnetosonic. Although the plasmoid formation and its tailward motion is not quite clear as in the two dimensional simulation, which is mainly because of the numerical model chosen for the present simulation, the rarification of the plasmas near the x-point is observed. Field aligned currents are observed in the late expansive stage of the magnetospheric substorm. These field aligned currents flow from the tail toward the ionosphere on the dawn side and from the ionosphere toward the tail on the dusk side, namely in the same sense of the region 1 current. As the field aligned currents develop, it is found that the cross tail current in the earth side midnight section of the magnetic x-point is reduced.
A high magnetic field sensor based on magnetic tunnel junctions (2004)

We used an in-plane magnetized electrode and a perpendicular to film plane magnetized multilayer electrode in a magnetic tunnel junction to generate the active part of a magnetic field sensor able to measure large fields. When the applied field is normal to the junction surface, the magnetization of the multilayer electrode is fixed while the moment of the in-plane magnetized electrode rotates towards the applied field. This generates a linear variation of tunnel junction resistance with the applied field. The use of tunnel junctions with all their known advantages makes this structure attractive for measuring large magnetic fields, of up to several kG.
4 Gbit/s pin/HBT monolithic photoreceiver (1990)

Heterojunction bipolar transistors have been monolithically integrated with a pin photodetector to realise a high speed transimpedance photoreceiver. The OEIC, made from MOVPE-growth InP/InGaAs heterostructures, had a bandwidth of 2.8 GHz with a transimpedance of 750 Ω. It was successfully operated at 4 Gbit/s with a sensitivity of −21 dBm at a wavelength of 1.5 μm.
Functional Analysis of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cell Gene Expression Using Zebrafish (2005)

Although several reports have characterized the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transcriptome, the roles of HSC-specific genes in hematopoiesis remain elusive. To identify candidate regulators of HSC fate decisions, we compared the transcriptome of human umbilical cord blood and bone marrow (CD34+)(CD33-)(CD38-)Rho(lo)(c-kit+) cells, enriched for hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells with (CD34+)(CD33-)(CD38-)Rho(hi) cells, enriched in committed progenitors. We identified 277 differentially expressed transcripts conserved in these ontogenically distinct cell sources. We next performed a morpholino antisense oligonucleotide (MO)-based functional screen in zebrafish to determine the hematopoietic function of 61 genes that had no previously known function in HSC biology and for which a likely zebrafish ortholog could be identified. MO knock down of 14/61 (23%) of the differentially expressed transcripts resulted in hematopoietic defects in developing zebrafish embryos, as demonstrated by altered levels of circulating blood cells at 30 and 48 h postfertilization and subsequently confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR for erythroid-specific hbae1 and myeloid-specific lcp1 transcripts. Recapitulating the knockdown phenotype using a second MO of independent sequence, absence of the phenotype using a mismatched MO sequence, and rescue of the phenotype by cDNA-based overexpression of the targeted transcript for zebrafish spry4 confirmed the specificity of MO targeting in this system. Further characterization of the spry4-deficient zebrafish embryos demonstrated that hematopoietic defects were not due to more widespread defects in the mesodermal development, and therefore represented primary defects in HSC specification, proliferation, and/or differentiation. Overall, this high-throughput screen for the functional validation of differentially expressed genes using a zebrafish model of hematopoiesis represents a major step toward obtaining meaningful information from global gene profiling of HSCs.
Extracting the hand region with the aid of a trackingfacility (1996)

Extracting hand regions is the central concern in a vision based approach to hand gesture recognition. The authors describe how to incorporate the tracking facility in the process of extracting a hand region. The proposed method first detects possible candidate regions by using a hand model; it then selects one of the detected regions from a tracking perspective.
The effect of connecting reading and writing in foreign language teaching in the computer mediated communication environment (2012)

This paper reports a study investigating the effects of connecting reading and writing in Chinese EFL teaching in the computer-mediated communication (CMC) learning environment. In this study, ways of reading which are likely to promote the development of writing ability are sought and tested. What the subjects in the experimental group and the control group did is almost the same except that subjects in the experimental group are asked to write a 400-word summary or reviews after they finish learning each text while those in the control group are not. Results show that connecting reading and writing has positive effects on helping the students to memorize the new words, reusing new words in their writing tasks and improving the students' writing quality.
<i>Barley Stripe Mosaic Virus</i><i>-</i>Mediated Tools for Investigating Gene Function in Cereal Plants and Their Pathogens: Virus-Induced Gene Silencing, Host-Mediated Gene Silencing, and Virus-Mediated Overexpression of Heterologous Protein (2012)

Barley stripe mosaic virus ([BSMV][1]), the Hordeivirus type member, is the most intensely studied virus that naturally infects two major monocot crops, wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) and barley ( Hordeum vulgare ). The tripartite genome of this virus, comprising RNAα, RNAβ, and RNAγ, was sequenced
A single transverse mode operation of top surface emitting laser diode with a integrated photo-diode (2002)

In summary, we have fabricated a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) with an integrated photodiode. The device shows a stable fundamental operation throughout the entire range. The photodiode shows a linear responsivity to the laser output power up to the maximum power. The problem associated with spontaneous emission will be corrected by modifying the structure to prevent the absorption of extra spontaneous emission.
Specificity of anti-lymphocyte antibodies in sera from patients with AIDS-related complex (ARC) and healthy homosexuals. (1988)

The presence and specificity of anti-lymphocyte antibodies (ALA) was investigated in sera from male homosexuals with AIDS-Related Complex (ARC) as well as healthy homosexuals. Individuals in the healthy homosexual group had no detectable antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Antibodies reactive with normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells were detected by Western blot analysis in sera from both groups of homosexuals. Of those individuals whose sera contained ALA, 71% of ARC patients and 83% of healthy homosexuals had antibodies recognizing a 73 kilodalton (kD) molecule. ALA present in ARC sera reacted with CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes while little reactivity with B cells was observed. Our results indicate that ALA appear in homosexuals prior to HIV infection and are reactive primarily with T lymphocytes. A 73 kD structure associated with the T cell membrane is frequently the target for these antibodies.
Treating axial spondyloarthritis and peripheral spondyloarthritis, especially psoriatic arthritis, to target: 2017 update of recommendations by an international task force (2017)

Therapeutic targets have been defined for axial and peripheral spondyloarthritis (SpA) in 2012, but the evidence for these recommendations was only of indirect nature. These recommendations were re-evaluated in light of new insights. Based on the results of a systematic literature review and expert opinion, a task force of rheumatologists, dermatologists, patients and a health professional developed an update of the 2012 recommendations. These underwent intensive discussions, on site voting and subsequent anonymous electronic voting on levels of agreement with each item. A set of 5 overarching principles and 11 recommendations were developed and voted on. Some items were present in the previous recommendations, while others were significantly changed or newly formulated. The 2017 task force arrived at a single set of recommendations for axial and peripheral SpA, including psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The most exhaustive discussions related to whether PsA should be assessed using unidimensional composite scores for its different domains or multidimensional scores that comprise multiple domains. This question was not resolved and constitutes an important research agenda. There was broad agreement, now better supported by data than in 2012, that remission/inactive disease and, alternatively, low/minimal disease activity are the principal targets for the treatment of PsA. As instruments to assess the patients on the path to the target, the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) for axial SpA and the Disease Activity index for PSoriatic Arthritis (DAPSA) and Minimal Disease Activity (MDA) for PsA were recommended, although not supported by all. Shared decision-making between the clinician and the patient was seen as pivotal to the process. The task force defined the treatment target for SpA as remission or low disease activity and developed a large research agenda to further advance the field.
Origin of the Breakthrough Productivity of Ruthenium–Cyclic Alkyl Amino Carbene Catalysts in Olefin Metathesis (2019)

Examined herein is the basis for the outstanding metathesis productivity of leading cyclic alkyl amino carbene (CAAC) catalysts relative to their important N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) predecessors, as recently demonstrated in the topical contexts of metathesis macrocyclization and the ethenolysis of renewable oils. The difference is traced to the stability to decomposition of the metallacyclobutane (MCB) intermediate. The CAAC catalysts are shown to undergo little to no β-H elimination of the MCB ring, a pathway to which the H<sub>2</sub>IMes catalysts are highly susceptible. Unexpectedly, however, the CAAC catalysts are found to be <i>more</i> susceptible to bimolecular coupling of the key intermediate RuCl<sub>2</sub>(CAAC)(═CH<sub>2</sub>), a reaction that culminates in elimination of the methylidene ligand as ethylene. Thus, an NMR study of transiently stabilized RuCl<sub>2</sub>(L)(py)(═CH<sub>2</sub>) complexes (L = CAAC or H<sub>2</sub>IMes) revealed bimolecular decomposition of the CAAC derivative within 5 min at RT, as compared to a time scale of hours for the H<sub>2</sub>IMes analogue. The remarkable productivity of the CAAC catalysts is thus due to their resistance to β-elimination, which enables their use at part per million loadings, and to the retarding effect of these low catalyst concentrations on bimolecular decomposition.
Baculovirus-mediated expression of recombinant rat phosphatidylcholine transfer protein (1998)

Phosphatidylcholine transfer protein catalyzes intermembrane transfer of phosphatidylcholines exclusive of all other phospholipid classes. Although postulated to participate in phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis and biliary trafficking in liver, the molecular basis underlying the substrate specificity of phosphatidylcholine transfer protein remains to be elucidated. Having demonstrated the inability of Escherichia coli to express recombinant phosphatidylcholine transfer protein, we infected Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells with recombinant baculovirus. When assayed in vitro, cytosol of recombinant but not control infected cells demonstrated high levels of intermembrane phosphatidylcholine transfer activity and no transfer activity for phosphatidylethanolamine. A two-step purification protocol in which 10 mg of cytosolic protein was subjected to anion exchange chromatography followed by hydroxylapatite chromatography yielded 0.1 mg active protein which was >92% pure. The identity of purified protein was confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry and by amino acid sequencing. Based on the recovery of 30% of PC transfer activity after purification, we estimate that recombinant rat phosphatidylcholine transfer protein accounted for approximately 3-6% of cytosolic protein mass of infected cells. These results demonstrate the utility of baculovirus for expressing recombinant phosphatidylcholine transfer protein and should facilitate studies designed to elucidate the structural biology and physiological functions of this uniquely specific phospholipid transfer protein.
Prediction of articular destruction in rheumatoid arthritis: disease activity markers revisited. (1997)

The lack of association between clinical measures and laboratory markers as predictors of the progression of articular destruction is further evidence of the need to reconsider processes and outcomes in RA. This study also suggests that clinical measures and laboratory markers probably do not reflect the same underlying process, arguing against gathering these measures under the same heading of "disease activity measures".
THz detection by modified thermopile (2011)

The modified micromachined thermopile consists of linearly arranged thermopairs instead of the usual loops. This device can act as a series of antennas and senses the millimeter wave radiation [1]. The antenna-like operation was demonstrated by the strong dependence on the polarization. The working principle is similar to the bolometers in that respect that the absorbed radiation heats up the semiconductor strips, but the temperature increment is sensed by the Seebeck effect instead of the resistance increment. Therefore there is no read-out current and the voltage output starts from zero. In the present work we are going to search absorption spectra of the device. It is shown that the resonance depends mainly on the dimensions and shape of the chip; the linear thermopiles are rather E-field probes. The fabrication of the device will be also outlined as well as the experimental results.
Strong Cellulose-Based Materials by Coupling Sodium Hydroxide–Anthraquinone (NaOH–AQ) Pulping with Hot Pressing from Wood (2019)

[Image: see text] Natural cellulose-based materials (CBMs) have considerable potential as strong and lightweight materials for advanced structural applications. Herein, we demonstrate a mechanically strong yet lightweight CBM with highly aligned wood fibers by the coupling pulping of wood blocks with mechanical pressing, which exhibits a tensile strength of 719.0 ± 30.2 MPa, an elastic modulus of 19.0 ± 1.4 GPa, and a density of 1.32 g/cm(3). The extraordinary mechanical properties of the CBM are mainly ascribed to the good orientation of wood fibers in the longitudinal direction as well as the dramatically increased hydrogen bonds among adjacent fiber cells due to the lignin removal and mechanical pressing. More significantly, the resulting sheet-like anisotropic CBMs can be used to fabricate anisotropic and isotropic bulk CBMs with maximum tensile strengths of 561 and 330 MPa, respectively, through a facile and scalable layer-by-layer stacking method. This work exploits the mechanical potential of cellulose and the large-scale production of anisotropic and isotropic bulk CBMs with extraordinary mechanical performance and may open up a range of novel applications to CBMs.
Adult Still's disease: part I. Manifestations and complications in sixty-five cases in France. (1995)

differences in the expression of adult Still's disease were found between patients from Canada, France, and Japan. Adult Still's disease can be responsible for life-threatening complications.