gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 to Improve Tenderness of Beef (2005)

Tenderness is one of the most important quality characteristics of beef to both consumers and producers. To date, no practical method of producing consistently tender beef has been adopted by the beef industry. Researchers have demonstrated that feeding a supernatural dosage (0.5 to 7.5 million IU) of vitamin D3 to beef cattle for 7 to 10 days before slaughter will result in more tender carcasses (Swanek et al., 1999; Montgomery et al., 2000; Montgomery et al., 2002; Karges et al., 2001). Feeding this amount of vitamin D3 results in elevated plasma and muscle calcium concentrations (Swanek et al., 1999; Montgomery et al., 2000; Montgomery et al., 2002; Karges et al., 2001). The assumed mechanism for this tenderization effect is that the elevated muscle calcium concentration enhances the action of the calcium-dependent protease system of myofibrillar (troponin-T) protein degradation postmortem. Enhanced myofibrillar protein degradation results in more tender beef that is more desirable to consumers. For producers, being able to produce a “guaranteed tender” product even may warrant a price premium.
Characterization of Elongin C Functional Domains Required for Interaction with Elongin B and Activation of Elongin A (1996)

The Elongin (SIII) complex stimulates the rate of elongation by RNA polymerase II by suppressing transient pausing by polymerase at many sites along DNA templates. The Elongin (SIII) complex is composed of a transcriptionally active A subunit, a chaperone-like B subunit, which promotes assembly and enhances stability of the Elongin (SIII) complex, and a regulatory C subunit, which (i) functions as a potent activator of Elongin A transcriptional activity, (ii) interacts specifically with Elongin B to form an isolable Elongin BC complex, and (iii) is bound and negatively regulated in vitro by the product of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene. As part of our effort to understand how Elongin C regulates the activity of the Elongin (SIII) complex, we are characterizing Elongin C functional domains. In this report, we identify Elongin C mutants that fall into multiple functional classes based on their abilities to bind Elongin B and to bind and activate Elongin A under our assay conditions. Characterization of these mutants suggests that Elongin C is composed of multiple overlapping regions that mediate functional interactions with Elongin A and B.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Evaluation of Vancomycin and Vancomycin Aglycon Analogues that Bear Modifications in the Residue 3 Asparagine. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Monodispersed Quinacridone Nanocrystals Prepared by a High-Temperature and High-Pressure Liquid Crystallization Method (2003)

Monodispersed quinacridone nanocrystals were fabricated by a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid crystallization method, which proved to be an advanced technique for fabricating nanocrystals of pigment compound. The aqueous dispersion liquid of quinacridone nanocrystals was very stable. The nanocrystats had a spherical shape with an average size of 60 nm when water was used as the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid at 260 degrees C and cooling solvent. The crystal structure of the nanocrystals could be controlled by varying the experimental conditions.
Deposition of device quality, low <i>H</i> content amorphous silicon (1991)

Device-quality hydrogenated amorphous silicon containing as little as 1/10 the bonded H observed in device-quality glow discharge films have been deposited by thermal decomposition of silane on a heated filament. These low H content films show an Urbach edge width of 50 mV and a spin density of ∼1/100 as large as that of glow discharge films containing comparable amounts of H. High substrate temperatures, deposition in a high flux of atomic H, and lack of energetic particle bombardment are suggested as reasons for this behavior.
Finding hierarchical heavy hitters in streaming data (2008)

Data items that arrive online as streams typically have attributes which take values from one or more hierarchies (time and geographic location, source and destination IP addresses, etc.). Providing an aggregate view of such data is important for summarization, visualization, and analysis. We develop an aggregate view based on certain organized sets of large-valued regions (“heavy hitters”) corresponding to hierarchically discounted frequency counts. We formally define the notion of hierarchical heavy hitters (HHHs). We first consider computing (approximate) HHHs over a data stream drawn from a single hierarchical attribute. We formalize the problem and give deterministic algorithms to find them in a single pass over the input. In order to analyze a wider range of realistic data streams (e.g., from IP traffic-monitoring applications), we generalize this problem to multiple dimensions. Here, the semantics of HHHs are more complex, since a “child” node can have multiple “parent” nodes. We present online algorithms that find approximate HHHs in one pass, with provable accuracy guarantees. The product of hierarchical dimensions forms a mathematical lattice structure. Our algorithms exploit this structure, and so are able to track approximate HHHs using only a small, fixed number of statistics per stored item, regardless of the number of dimensions. We show experimentally, using real data, that our proposed algorithms yields outputs which are very similar (virtually identical, in many cases) to offline computations of the exact solutions, whereas straightforward heavy-hitters-based approaches give significantly inferior answer quality. Furthermore, the proposed algorithms result in an order of magnitude savings in data structure size while performing competitively.
Monitoring Temporary Immunodepression by Flow Cytometric Measurement of Monocytic HLA-DR Expression: A Multicenter Standardized Study (2005)

For the BD Quantibrite HLA-DR/Monocyte test, preanalytical handling is standardized. Single-laboratory results demonstrated the independence of this test from flow cytometer and instrument settings. Interlaboratory results showed greater variance than single-laboratory values. This interlaboratory variance was partly attributable to the influence of transport and can be reduced by optimization of transport conditions.
<title>Infrared optical fibers and their applications</title> (1999)

Chalcogenide glass fibers based on sulphide, selenide, telluride and their rare earth doped compositions are being actively pursued at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) as well as world-wide. Great strides have been made in reducing optical losses using improved chemical purification techniques, but further improvements are needed in both purification and fiberization technology to attain the theoretical optical losses. Despite this, current singlemode and multimode chalcogenide glass fibers are enabling numerous applications. Some of these applications include laser power delivery, chemical sensing, scanning near field microscopy/spectroscopy, and fiber IR sources/lasers and amplifiers.
Oncogenic activation of <i>ERG:</i> A predominant mechanism in prostate cancer (2011)

Prevalent gene fusions involving regulatory sequences of the androgen receptor (AR) regulated genes (primarily TMPRSS2) and protein coding sequences of nuclear transcription factors of the ETS gene family (predominantly ERG) result in unscheduled androgen dependent ERG expression in prostate cancer (CaP).Cumulative data from a large number of studies in the past six years accentuate ERG alterations in more than half of all CaP patients in Western countries. Studies underscore that ERG functions are involved in the biology of CaP. ERG expression in normal context is selective to endothelial cells, specific hematopoetic cells and pre-cartilage cells. Normal functions of ERG are highlighted in hematopoetic stem cells. Emerging data continues to unravel molecular and cellular mechanisms by which ERG may contribute to CaP. Herein, we focus on biological and clinical aspects of ERG oncogenic alterations, potential of ERG-based stratification of CaP and the possibilities of targeting the ERG network in developing new therapeutic strategies for the disease.
Study of Ion-Paired Iridium Complexes (Soft Salts) and Their Application in Organic Light Emitting Diodes (2010)

Three Ir-based materials were synthesized through metathesis reaction between halide and alkali metal salts of two cationic and three anionic Ir complexes, respectively. The resulting "soft salt" complexes are composed of an organometallic cation and an organometallic anion. The electrochemical and photophysical characterization of these compounds is reported. The redox potentials of the soft salts are shown to be determined by the lowest energy potentials of the two ions. Energy transfer between the ions in solution is observed, and found to take place at diffusion controlled rates. Organic LEDs were prepared with each of the three soft salts, using the simple structure of anode/PVK/soft salt/BCP/cathode. The soft salts yielded maximal external quantum efficiencies (EQE) ranging from 0.2% to 4.7%. The study suggests that the internal energy alignment between two ions in the soft salts is responsible for the widely disparate results. To achieve a high EQE, it is critical to have the HOMO and LUMO values of one of the ions fall between those of the other ion, that is, one ion has both the lowest oxidation potential and the least negative reduction potential.
Complement alternative pathway genetic variation and Dengue infection in the Thai population (2013)

Dengue disease is a mosquito-borne infection caused by Dengue virus. Infection may be asymptomatic or variably manifest as mild Dengue fever (DF) to the most severe form, Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF). Mechanisms that influence disease severity are not understood. Complement, an integral component of the immune system, is activated during Dengue infection and the degree of activation increases with disease severity. Activation of the complement alternative pathway is influenced by polymorphisms within activation (factor B rs12614/rs641153, C3 rs2230199) and regulatory [complement factor H (CFH) rs800292] proteins, collectively termed a complotype. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the complotype influences disease severity during secondary Dengue infection. In addition to the complotype, we also assessed two other disease-associated CFH polymorphisms (rs1061170, rs3753394) and a structural polymorphism within the CFH protein family. We did not detect any significant association between the examined polymorphisms and Dengue infection severity in the Thai population. However, the minor allele frequencies of the factor B and C3 polymorphisms were less than 10%, so our study was not sufficiently powered to detect an association at these loci. We were also unable to detect a direct interaction between CFH and Dengue NS1 using both recombinant NS1 and DV2-infected culture supernatants. We conclude that the complotype does not influence secondary Dengue infection severity in the Thai population.
Evolution of Iteration in Genetic Programming. (1996)

The solution to many problems requires, or is facilitated by, the use of iteration. Moreover, because iterative steps are repeatedly executed, they must have some degree of generality. An automatic programming system should require that the user make as few problemspecific decisions as possible concerning the size, shape, and character of the ultimate solution to the problem. Work first presented at the Fourth Annual Conference on Evolutionary Programming in 1995 (EP-95) demonstrated that six then-new architecture-altering operations made it possible to automate the decision about the architecture of an overall program dynamically during a run of genetic programming. The question arises as to whether it is also possible to automate the decision about whether to employ iteration, how much iteration to employ, and the particular sequence of iterative steps. This paper introduces the new operation of restricted iteration creation that automatically creates a restricted iteration-performin...
Ultrapotent human antibodies protect against SARS-CoV-2 challenge via multiple mechanisms (2020)

Efficient therapeutic options are needed to control the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that has caused more than 922,000 fatalities as of 13 September 2020. We report the isolation and characterization of two ultrapotent SARS-CoV-2 human neutralizing antibodies (S2E12 and S2M11) that protect hamsters against SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Cryo-electron microscopy structures show that S2E12 and S2M11 competitively block angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) attachment and that S2M11 also locks the spike in a closed conformation by recognition of a quaternary epitope spanning two adjacent receptor-binding domains. Antibody cocktails that include S2M11, S2E12, or the previously identified S309 antibody broadly neutralize a panel of circulating SARS-CoV-2 isolates and activate effector functions. Our results pave the way to implement antibody cocktails for prophylaxis or therapy, circumventing or limiting the emergence of viral escape mutants.
Passively and actively mode-locked fiber laser (2005)

Summary form only given. In this research we have demonstrated a hybrid-type mode-locked fiber laser in a figure-of-eight geometry with a nonlinear amplifier loop mirror (NALM) and a directional-coupler type electro-optic modulator to generate a uniformly distributed laser pulse stream with a relatively short pulse width. The experimental setup used for the hybrid-type mode locked erbium-doped fiber ring laser is composed of a NALM and a linear loop.
Abstract 9: Effect of C8-side chain on the cytotoxicity and NF-kB inhibitory capacity of pyrrolobenzodiazepines (2019)

Abstract Pyrrolobenzodiazepines (PBDs) have long been of interest in chemotherapeutic research as potential clinical agents. Recently, the conjugation of non-covalently interactive moieties to the C8-position of the PBD structure via a linker of variable length has emerged as a strategy to enhance the DNA sequence specificity of PBDs. This has led to the development of highly cytotoxic agents, which also act as inhibitors of transcription factors such as NF-κB. For example, GWL-78, a C8-linked PBD-Py-Py (Py = pyrrole) conjugate, has been shown to block interaction of the transcription factor NF-Y, and KMR-28-39, a C8-linked PBD-MPB conjugate with an affinity for GC-rich sequences of DNA inhibits activity of the transcription factor NF-κB. As up-regulation of NF-κB has been implicated in the development and progression of several cancer types, this may contribute to the high potency observed for PBD monomers such as KMR-28-39 (i.e., femtomolar IC50 values in some cell lines). In this study, the relationship between the cytotoxicity and transcription factor inhibition of a series of C8-linked PBD hybrid structures was explored. The systematic shortening of the non-covalent element of a C8-linked PBD conjugate, DC-1-92 led to the synthesis of a 19-member library of novel C8-PBD monomers. The critical elements of DC-1-92, which were required to render the molecule cytotoxic, were elucidated by an annexin V assay. The effects of shortening the non-covalent element of the molecule on transcription factor inhibitory capacity were also explored through an ELISA-based measurement of nuclear NF-κB subunit DNA binding following exposure of JJN3 cells to the synthesised molecules. While shortening the non-covalently interactive component of DC-1-92 had less of an effect than expected upon cytotoxicity, the shortening notably reduced the NF-κB inhibitory activity of the shortened analogues. DC-1-92, containing the longest non-covalently interactive C8-element, displayed the most effective inhibition of NF-κB, and effects upon nuclear p65, and RelB levels appeared to diminish in tandem with the shortening of the length of the C8 side chain. These data suggest that the length of the C8 side chain of PBD hybrid structures impacts upon the DNA binding of both canonical and non-canonical NF-κB subunits but this is independent of their cytotoxic effects. Citation Format: David B. Corcoran, Thomas Lewis, Kazi S. Nahar, Christopher Fegan, Chris Pepper, David E. Thurston, Khondaker Miraz Rahman. Effect of C8-side chain on the cytotoxicity and NF-kB inhibitory capacity of pyrrolobenzodiazepines [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 9.
Enhancement of diffuse reflectance using air tunnel structure (2013)

Submicrometer air gap structure has formed on diffuse reflection structure to improve light reflectance. Covering polymer or liquid on a diffuse reflector to make optical components induces the severe decrease of the total reflectance, since the diffuse reflected angle of some light rays is larger than the critical angle and the rays travel to the medium until meeting a proper small incident angle. The reflectance drops to 68% of the original value with just a polymer coating on the diffuse reflector. The formation of an air tunnel structure between the polymer layer and the diffuse reflector makes a symmetrical reflective index matching state and recovers 95% of the original reflectance. Due to the simple fabrication process and the chemical stability, the structure can be applied to various optical components and reflective display devices.
A Novel Frequency Reconfigurable Yagi-Like MIMO Antenna System (2020)

A compact single layer frequency reconfigurable Yagi-like multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system is presented based on slot excitation. The traditional omnidirectional pattern of a slot antenna is made directional by using a single slot based complementary wideband reflector (CWBR) element. The total size of the CWBR is 9.5$\times$ 70mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The proposed MIMO antenna system can cover the frequency bands from 2.5–4.5 GHz, with a minimum bandwidth of 200 MHz. The frequency reconfigurability is achieved using varactor diodes. The overall size of the proposed antenna system is 40$\times$ 100$\times$ 0.76mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> , making it suitable for compact wireless handheld devices. The antenna system satisfies Yagi as well as MIMO performance metrics.
Making DNA Add (1996)

Recent studies have demonstrated the feasibility of using DNA-based experiments to compute solutions to combinatorial problems. However, a prerequisite for designing a computer useful in a wide range of applications is the ability to perform mathematical calculations. The development of a DNA-based algorithm for addition is presented. The DNA representation of two nonnegative binary numbers is presented in a form permitting a chain of primer extension reactions to carry out the addition operation. To demonstrate the feasibility of this algorithm, a simple example was executed biochemically.
Rapid identification of bacteria and yeast using surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (2010)

Abstract Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a powerful technique used for obtaining chemical information about the molecules and molecular structures in the vicinity of surfaces of noble metal nanostructures. The chemical information acquired through SERS can be used for not only characterization but also detection and identification. In a clinical setting, rapid and accurate identification of micro‐organisms is critical. The biochemical information collected through the SERS spectra can be used for quick identification of micro‐organisms. The concentrated silver colloidal nanoparticles (AgNPs) are simply mixed with micro‐organisms after culturing, and their SERS spectra acquired. Since the nanoparticles are in contact with the cell wall of the micro‐organism, the biochemical information obtained is mostly assumed as originating from the cell wall which the AgNPs are in contact with, and is considered as the ‘fingerprint’ of the micro‐organism, which can be used for the identification. Since a SERS spectrum can be acquired only in seconds, the obtained spectrum can be used for fast micro‐organism identification. The reproducibility of the spectra obtained from micro‐organisms is first tested, and then the obtained spectra are used for the goal. The identification of micro‐organisms in mixtures is also attempted in model mixtures. It is demonstrated that the SERS can be used for fast and accurate identification of micro‐organisms such as bacteria and yeast, even in their mixtures. Four bacteria, i.e. Shigella sonnei, Erwinia amylovara, Proteus vulgaris and DH5α ( E. coli strain), and three yeast cells, i.e. Hyphopichia burtonii, Candida parapsilosis and Filobasidiella neoformans are used as model micro‐organisms in the study. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vibratory elements for audio equipment (1983)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Tsunehiro Tsukagoshi, Shinichi Yokozeki, Sumio Hagiwara, Masataka Uchidoi, Toshikazu Yoshino, Yasuyuki Arai; Vibratory elements for audio equipment. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 July 1983; 74 (1): 385. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.389646 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Gene transfer into mammalian cells by a Rous sarcoma virus-based retroviral vector with the host range of the amphotropic murine leukemia virus (1996)

We have constructed and characterized a Rous sarcoma virus-based retroviral vector with the host range of the amphotropic murine leukemia virus (MLV). The chimeric retroviral genome was created by replacing the env coding region in the replication-competent retroviral vector RCASBP(A) with the env region from an amphotropic MLV. The recombinant vector RCASBP-M(4070A) forms particles containing MLV Env glycoproteins. The vector replicates efficiently in chicken embryo fibroblasts and is able to transfer genes into mammalian cells. Vector stocks with titers exceeding 10(6) CFU/ml on mammalian cells can be easily prepared by passaging transfected chicken embryo fibroblasts. Since the vector is inherently defective in mammalian cells, it appears to have the safety features required for gene therapy.