gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Memories are Made of This (Perhaps): A Review of Serotonin 5-HT6 Receptor Ligands and Their Biological Functions (2002)

The possible role of 5-HT(6) receptor antagonists in the treatment of learning and memory disorders has stimulated significant recent work in this area. The first selective antagonists of this receptor were identified by Roche (Ro 04-6790 and Ro 63-0563) and SmithKline Beecham (SB-271046), although they only had poor to modest brain penetration, respectively. Recently, several structurally different series of selective antagonists have been reported. Glennon s group and Merck Sharp & Dohme have discovered N,N-dimethyl-1-benzenesulfonyl-5-methoxytrypt amine as a reasonably selective, high affinity antagonist, while Allelix have gone on to find that a 6-bicyclopiperazinyl-1-naphthylsulfonylindole had improved affinity and selectivity. Roche have reported subsequently on more lipophilic analogs of Ro 04-6790 that appear to penetrate the brain better. Reversing the sulfonamide linkage of SB-271046 led to a new series of compounds, producing SB-357134, which also had increased CNS penetration. A series of selective partial agonists containing a 4-piperazinylquinoline system has also been described. Recent studies in the Morris water maze with both Ro 04-6790 and SB-271046 have concluded that 5-HT(6) receptor antagonists improved retention performance, although these results are open to interpretation. Other behavioural studies have also implicated a role for 5-HT(6) in cognition enhancement and this has been supported by in vivo microdialysis studies that showed SB-271046 produced an increase in extracellular glutamate levels in the frontal cortex. However, we have been unable to replicate these effects with either SB-271046 or Ro 04-6790, and clearly further work is required before we can be certain of the functional role of this receptor.
Scalable performance of system S for extract-transform-load processing (2010)

ETL (Extract-Transform-Load) processing is filling an increasingly critical role in analyzing business data and in taking appropriate business actions based on the results. As the volume of business data to be analyzed increases and quick responses are more critical for business success, there are strong demands for scalable high-performance ETL processors. In this paper, we evaluate a distributed data stream processing engine called System S for those purposes. Based on the original motivation of building System S as a data stream processing engine, we first perform a qualitative study to see if the programming model of System S is suitable for representing an ETL workflow. Second we did performance studies with a representative ETL scenario. Through our series of experiments, we found that the SPADE programming model and its runtime environment naturally fits the requirements of handling massive amounts of ETL data in a highly scalable manner.
Antibodies to protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPro) increase glomerular albumin permeability (<i>P</i><sub>alb</sub>) (2009)

Glomerular capillary filtration barrier characteristics are determined in part by the slit-pore junctions of glomerular podocytes. Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-O (PTPro) is a transmembrane protein expressed on the apical surface of podocyte foot processes. Tyrosine phosphorylation of podocyte proteins including nephrin may control the filtration barrier. To determine whether PTPro activity is required to maintain glomerular macromolecular permeability, albumin permeability (P(alb)) was studied after incubation of glomeruli from normal animals with a series of monoclonal (mAb) and polyclonal antibodies. Reagents included mAbs to rabbit and rat PTPro and polyclonal rabbit immune IgG to rat PTPro. mAb 4C3, specific to the amino acid core of PTPro, decreased its phosphatase activity and increased P(alb) of rabbit glomeruli in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. In contrast, mAb P8E7 did not diminish phosphatase activity and did not alter P(alb). Preincubation of 4C3 with PTPro extracellular domain fusion protein blocked glomerular binding and abolished permeability activity. In parallel experiments, P(alb) of rat glomeruli was increased by two mAbs (1B4 and 1D1) or by polyclonal anti-rat PTPro. We conclude that PTPro interaction with specific antibodies acutely increases P(alb). The identity of the normal ligand for PTPro and of its substrate, as well as the mechanism by which phosphatase activity of this receptor affects the filtration barrier, remain to be determined.
Subanesthetic ketamine for pain management in hospitalized children, adolescents, and young adults: a single-center cohort study (2017)

These data suggest that administration of subanesthetic ketamine for pain management is feasible and safe in regular inpatient care units and may benefit children, adolescents, and young adults with acute and chronic pain. This study is informative and can be helpful in determining sample and effect sizes when planning clinical trials to determine the role of subanesthetic ketamine infusions for pain management in pediatric patients.
A novel back-contacting technology for thin films (1996)

The standard method for back contacting to copper indium diselenide solar cells uses rf sputtered or e-beam evaporated molybdenum on a glass substrate. These processes are costly with a high energy input. A new simple technique has been proposed for the electroless deposition of a nickel - molybdenum alloy on chromium-coated glass substrates. This technique can also be applied directly to copper indium diselenide for a backwall cell configuration. Improved mechanical and electrical performances for this technique are reported.
Continuous culture system for production of biopolymer levan using erwinia herbicola (1991)

The optimal production of the fructan biopolymer levan by the bacterium Erwinia herbicola was investigated, including variations in nitrogen, carbon and phosphorous sources, pH, incubation time, culture yields up to 19% by weight produced based on conversion of sucrose as the carbon source when grown in a continuous culture system and processed by tangential flow filtration. Product identity was confirmed with gas chromatography (GC) and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and low-angle laser light scattering (LALLS) determination of the molecular weight of the product showed a significant difference in molecular weight values dependent on the method of analysis. Analysis by GPC resulted in molecular weight one order of magnitude lower than LALLS independent of sample, underscoring the unusual nature of this biopolymer.
Smart Underwriting - A Personalised Virtual Agent (2021)

In life, unplanned expenses are a bitter truth. Insurance policies therefore offer a semblance of support to minimize financial liability from unforeseen occurrences. The world which has faced major multiple lockdowns owing to the pandemic has certainly started thinking of ways to work online and hence reinforce the need to rethink underwriting. Traditionally, information of the client who needs insurance is sent to the underwriter through an email and after proper analysis, the underwriter sends the quick quote back to the agent based on his intuition and experience. The current process of insurance claimants is conservative, extremely tedious and time consuming. In the era of Artificial Intelligence, an individual prefers the task to be done in an efficient & less dreary manner, so rather than navigating through the website or visiting the Office in person, it would prefer an application that provides a unified platform to manage their policies. Hence chatbot is a much-optimized solution for automating the traditional underwriting process. By combining the fields of Natural Language Processing, Facial recognition, Optical Character Recognition and Blockchain, the chatbot would provide solutions for all policy related queries and operations.
Increasing A/D conversion resolution by dynamic scale adjustment (2008)

Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2008.
Pothole detection system using 2D LiDAR and camera (2017)

Automatic Pothole detection is important task for determining proper strategies of asphalt-surfaced pavement maintenance. In this paper, we develop a pothole detection system and method using 2D LiDAR and Camera. To improve the pothole detection accuracy, the combination of heterogeneous sensor system is used. By using 2D LiDAR, the distance and angle information of road are obtained. The pothole detection algorithm includes noise reduction pre-processing, clustering, line segment extraction, and gradient of pothole data function. Next, image-based pothole detection method is used to improve the accuracy of pothole detection and to obtain pothole shape. Image-based algorithm includes noise filtering, brightness control, binarization, addictive noise filtering, edge extraction, and object extraction and pothole detection. To show the pothole detection performance, experiments of pothole detection system using 2D LiDAR and camera are performed.
Method of preparing electrodes with porous current collector structures and solid reactants for secondary electrochemical cells (2023)

Particulate electrode reactants, for instance transition metal sulfides for the positive electrodes and lithium alloys for the negative electrodes, are vibratorily compacted into porous, electrically conductive structures. Structures of high porosity support sufficient reactant material to provide high cell capacity per unit weight while serving as an electrical current collector to improve the utilization of reactant materials. Pore sizes of the structure and particle sizes of the reactant material are selected to permit uniform vibratory loading of the substrate without settling of the reactant material during cycling.
3D-printed bioanalytical devices (2016)

While 3D printing technologies first appeared in the 1980s, prohibitive costs, limited materials, and the relatively small number of commercially available printers confined applications mainly to prototyping for manufacturing purposes. As technologies, printer cost, materials, and accessibility continue to improve, 3D printing has found widespread implementation in research and development in many disciplines due to ease-of-use and relatively fast design-to-object workflow. Several 3D printing techniques have been used to prepare devices such as milli- and microfluidic flow cells for analyses of cells and biomolecules as well as interfaces that enable bioanalytical measurements using cellphones. This review focuses on preparation and applications of 3D-printed bioanalytical devices.
Brain-computer interfaces for communication and control (2011)

The brain's electrical signals enable people without muscle control to physically interact with the world.
Simultaneous expression and maturation of the iron‐sulfur protein ferredoxin in a cell‐free system (2006)

Abstract The model iron‐sulfur (Fe‐S) protein ferredoxin (Fd) from Synechocystis sp . PCC 6803 has been simultaneously produced and matured in a cell‐free production system. After 6 h of incubation at 37°C, Fd accumulated to >450 µg/mL. Essentially all was soluble, and 85% was active. Production and maturation of the protein in the cell‐free system were found to be dependent in a coupled manner on the concentration of the supplemented iron and sulfur sources, ferrous ammonium sulfate and cysteine, respectively. The recombinant expression of ISC helper proteins during cell extract preparation did not increase cell‐free Fd accumulation or activity, although the efficiency of iron and cysteine utilization increased. Fd maturation was independent of protein production rate, and proceeded at a constant rate throughout the period of active translation. In addition, incubation of denatured apo Fd with cell‐free reaction components resulted in recovery of Fd activity, supporting the interpretation that maturation mechanisms did not act co‐translationally. Incubation at 28°C increased total and active protein accumulation, but decreased the ratio of active to total Fd produced. In summary, the high product yields and folding efficiency make the cell‐free system described here an attractive platform for the study of Fe‐S protein production and maturation. The system enables both small‐volume, high throughput investigations as well as larger scale production. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of directed, high‐yield production and maturation of an Fe‐S protein in a cell‐free system. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Chemical Reactions with Upright Monolayers of Cruciform π-Systems (2004)

The study below details the synthesis and self-assembly of new cruciform pi-systems and their in situ chemical reactions in monolayer films. Analysis of the packing in the crystal structure of one of these unusually shaped molecules reveals that the terphenyl arm, which is twisted out of conjugation, makes edge-to-face contact with neighboring molecules aligning the conjugated bisoxazole arms in rows. In self-assembled monolayers on metal surfaces, these cruciform pi-systems present reactive groups at the film/air interface. Films that present aldehyde functionality react with aromatic anilines to give surface-bound imines. Dimers that are >4.5 nm in length and contain a conjugated imine linkage can be made in situ on gold substrates through this strategy.
Craniofacial malformations and their syndromes. An overview for the speech and hearing practitioner. (1992)

Congenital malformations of the craniofacial region represent an important class of human developmental disorders. Abnormalities of speech and hearing frequently occur in this vast array of conditions. Knowledge of the diagnostic criteria, genetics, and natural history of these conditions is important for audiologists and speech-language pathologists because of their close involvement with the children and families in their care-providing role. Awareness of the important distinction between individuals with isolated defects vs. individuals who have their facial defect as part of a syndrome is important in diagnosis and management. Referral for genetic counseling is always indicated in families who have questions about these issues. The dysmorphologist, genetics professional, and speech-language pathologists are among those who play key roles in the care of persons with these disorders.
Adaptive Mixed On-Time and Switching Frequency Control of a System of Interleaved Switched-Capacitor Converters (2010)

The switched-capacitor (SC) converters are ideal switching-mode power supplies for consumer portable electronic devices due to their nature of being light weight, small size, and high-power density. However, they suffer from a discontinuous input-current waveform with large di/dt, which leads to significant electromagnetic interference emission. This paper proposes a configuration of SC converters connected in parallel, with their inputs and outputs interleaved and adaptively controlled. The interleaving operation is performed by using an original type of control in which both the capacitors' charging time T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON</sub> and switching frequency are adjusted to get the line and load regulation. It is shown that, for a given range of variation of the supply voltage and load, there always exists a solution [T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON</sub> , T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</sub> ] that assures both output-voltage regulation and perfect interleaving. Experimental results are provided to validate the feasibility of the proposed scheme. Precise interleaving, and good line and load regulation are maintained for all the designated range, including the transient periods.
A critical appraisal of the methods of measuring leak-point pressures in women with stress incontinence (1995)

Bladder volume, provocation method, and the presence of a transurethral-intravesicle catheter affect leak-point pressure measurements. Further standardization of leak-point pressure measurement technique is necessary before determining the clinical applicability of these tests.
Learning fair representations via an adversarial framework (2023)

Fairness has become a central issue for our research community as classification algorithms are adopted in societally critical domains such as recidivism prediction and loan approval. In this work, we consider the potential bias based on protected attributes (e.g., race and gender), and tackle this problem by learning latent representations of individuals that are statistically indistinguishable between protected groups while sufficiently preserving other information for classification.To do that, we develop a minimax adversarial framework with a generator to capture the data distribution and generate latent representations, and a critic to ensure that the distributions across different protected groups are similar. Our framework provides theoretical guarantee with respect statistical parity and individual fairness. Empirical results on four real-world datasets also show that the learned representation can effectively be used for classification tasks such as credit risk prediction while obstructing information related to protected groups, especially when removing protected attributes is not sufficient for fair classification.
Ferroelectric properties of chemically synthesized perovskite BiFeO3–PbTiO3 thin films (2008)

Ferroelectric BiFeO3–PbTiO3 thin films with near morphotropic phase boundary composition were synthesized on Pt/TiOx/SiO2/Si substrates by chemical solution deposition. Perovskite BiFeO3–PbTiO3 single-phase thin films were successfully fabricated at 600 °C by optimizing several processing conditions, such as the PbTiO3 content. Typical ferroelectric polarization-electric field (P-E) hysteresis loops were observed for (1−x)BiFeO3–xPbTiO3 (x=0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) thin films, which contained some leakage current components at room temperature. In the low temperature region, the BiFeO3–PbTiO3 thin films demonstrated improved insulating resistance and exhibited relatively saturated P-E hysteresis loops. Among these films, 0.7BiFeO3-0.3PbTiO3 thin films exhibited the largest remanent polarization, and the remanent polarization (Pr) and coercive field (Ec) at −190 °C were approximately 60 μC/cm2 and 230 kV/cm, respectively. Furthermore, Mn doping of the BiFeO3–PbTiO3 thin films was effective in changing the dominant leakage current factors and improving the ferroelectric properties of the resultant thin films at room temperature. The Pr and Ec values of 5 mol % Mn-doped 0.7BiFeO3-0.3PbTiO3 films at room temperature were approximately 40 μC/cm2 and 100 kV/cm, respectively. Potentially large remanent polarization (∼90 μC/cm2) was also demonstrated by the BF-PT thin films.
Effect of honey and its major royal jelly protein 1 on cytokine and MMP‐9 mRNA transcripts in human keratinocytes (2009)

Honey has been used since ancient times as a remedy in wound healing. However, even though the results from randomized clinical trials document that honey accelerates wound healing, no study dealing with its influence on human skin cells (epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblast) has been performed. We demonstrate that keratinocytes, which are known to be involved in wound healing, are responsible for elevated production of mediators including cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and TGF-beta) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) after incubation with honey. Real-time PCR was performed for the quantification of mRNA level of selected cytokines and MMP-9. Furthermore, we show that the increased level of MMP-9 in the epidermis following incubation with honey leads to degradation of type IV collagen in the basement membrane. These data indisputably demonstrate that honey activates keratinocytes and support the findings that honey may accelerate wound healing process.
Complex Influence of Cytochalasin B on Actin Polymerization (1979)

In the presence of very low concentrations (about 2X10(-7) M) of cytochalasin B (CB) the time course of actin polymerization is much more sigmoidal when followed by viscosity measurements than when followed by light scattering measurements. This suggests that under these conditions actin polymers do not immediately reach their final length but only via short "bent" polymers which can be detected only by light scattering but not by viscosity measurements. At higher CB concentrations (about equimolar to those of actin) CB reduces the average degree of polymerization and favors the nucleation step necessary for polymerization.
Effect of Curd Firmness on Stirred Curd Cheese Yield (1989)

Cheese manufactured with different objectively measured curd strengths at cutting were compared to determine the effect of curd firmness on cheese yield. A randomized complete block design with four treatments (curd strengths at cutting of 50, 75, 100, and 125 mV) was replicated four times in each of three studies for a total of 48 vats of stirred curd cheese. Calf rennet and Mucor miebei protease were used in Studies 1 and 2, respectively, as coagulants and heal time (cut to cook) varied. Higher dry matter cheese yields and lower fat losses were observed when curd was cut at lowest curd tension. Vats cut at 50 mV were healed longer, which allowed coagulum to bind fat globules tighter In Study 3, calf rennet was used as the coagulating agent and all vats were healed 15 rain before cooking. Firmest coagulum strength at cut point increased dry matter cheese yield. Protein, fat, and moisture retention in cheese was not affected by treatment in Study 3. Curd healing time influenced cheese yield more than coagulum strength at cut point.
Study on Electroplating of Palladium-Nickel Alloy from Ethylenediamine Bath II. Study by Galvanostatic Pulse Electroplating. (1992)

The electroplating of Pd-Ni alloys from an ethylenediamine complex bath was investigated with pulsed currents.
Edge effect of optical surfacing process with different data extension algorithms (2014)

This study presents a strategy which integrates extra polishing path (EPP) and error map extension to weaken the edge effect in the ultraprecise optical surfacing process. Different data extension algorithms were presented and analyzed. The neighbor-hood average can be selected as the frequently-used method, as it has not bad precision and time-saving performance for most surface forms through the simulation results and practical experiment. The final error map was obtained, its peak-to-valley (PV) was 0.273λ and root mean square (RMS) was 0.028λ (λ = 632.8 nm). The edge effect was weakened and suppressed well through the experiment.
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide‐Treated Electrospun Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Nanofibrous Membranes: Morphology, Structures and Properties as an Ionic‐Liquid Host (2010)

A reverse-barrier technique is used to enable the treatment of electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride) nanofibrous membranes with supercritical carbon dioxide. The treatment induces the formation of nanopores and extended-chain β crystallites of small lateral dimensions in the nanofibers. It also creates interfiber junctions, resulting in a remarkable improvement in mechanical properties of the membranes. The treated membranes are able to retain their shape very well after loading with an ionic liquid (IL). The ionic conductivity of the IL-loaded membrane is very close to that of the neat IL.
High‐Mobility p‐Type Transistor Based on a Spin‐Coated Metal Telluride Semiconductor (2006)

A crystalline CuInTe2 film is used as the channel layer in a thin-film field-effect transistor (see figure) yielding field-effect mobilities of over 10 cm2 V–1 s–1, which is approximately an order of magnitude better than previous results for spin-coated p-type systems. A novel three-component hydrazine-based solution is employed to achieve spin coating of the CuInTe2 film.