gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of small atoms in the formation and properties of Zr–Ti–Cu–Ni–Be bulk amorphous alloys (1998)

The formation, thermal stability and mechanical properties of ZrTiCuNiBe bulk amorphous alloy were investigated by means of x-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and microhardness measurements. The amorphous alloys Zr41Ti36.5−xCu12.5Ni10Bex in the composition range 15⩽x⩽32 at. % were prepared to investigate the role of Be in the glass forming ability. It is found that the formation, crystallization, and thermal properties of the amorphous alloy are sensitive to the addition of small sized atoms of Be. The amorphous alloy becomes more stable with increasing Be contents. A small amount of carbon addition can further extend the supercooled liquid range and enhance the strength of the alloy. More carbon additions result in the formation of a crystalline/amorphous mixture accompanied by a pronounced increase in strength. The role of Be and C in the excellent glass former alloys is discussed in terms of the thermodynamic and microstructural aspects. The decomposition phenomenon in the Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 alloy is interpreted based on the experimental results. The effects of carbon on the strength of the alloy are discussed from a structural point of view.
[Effect of C21 steroidal glycoside from root of Cynanchum auriculatum on D-galactose induced aging model mice]. (2007)

This study demonstrates that CSG can antagonize free radical injury, increase the SOD activity and decrease the MDA content of serum, heart, liver and brain in D-gal aging mice, and increase the telomerase activity in serum and heart tissues but not in liver and brain tissue.
An On-Site, Ultra-Sensitive, Quantitative Sensing Method for the Determination of Total Aflatoxin in Peanut and Rice Based on Quantum Dot Nanobeads Strip (2017)

An on-site, ultra-sensitive, and quantitative sensing method was developed based on quantum dot nanobeads (QDNBs) and a test strip for the determination of total aflatoxins (AFTs) in rice and peanuts. The monoclonal antibody against AFT (mAb<sub>AFT</sub>) was homemade and labeled with QDNB. After the pre-coating of the AFT antigen on the test line (T line), the competitive immunoreactions were conducted between AFT and AFT antigen on the T line with QDNBs-mAb<sub>AFT</sub>. Under optimal conditions, this approach allowed a rapid response towards AFT with a considerable sensitivity of 1.4 pg/mL and 2.9 pg/mL in rice and peanut matrices, respectively. The put-in and put-out durations were within 10 min. The recoveries for AFT in rice and peanut sample matrices were recorded from 86.25% to 118.0%, with relative deviations (RSD) below 12%. The assay was further validated via the comparison between this QDNB strip and the conventional HPLC method using spiked samples. Thus, the design provided a potential alternative for on-site, ultra-sensitive, and quantitative sensing of AFT that could also be expanded to other chemical contaminants for food safety.
Computer optimised wideband dual-mode horn (2002)

A wideband dual-mode horn has been manufactured from a design using mode matching analysis software embedded within an automatic optimisation loop. The horn consists of a smooth-walled conical horn section with a mode transducer comprising a number of optimised cylindrical waveguide steps. The final breadboard model achieves a peak cross-polarisation level of <−30 dB over a 20% bandwidth.
Advances in Photochromic Materials for Optical Data Storage Media (1989)

Recent progress of organic photochromic compounds for optical data storage media is described. Indispensable characteristics required for the compounds are the thermal stability of two chemical isomers, which are formed reversibly by photoirradiation, and fatigue resistant property. The requirements were achieved by the synthesis of a new type of photochromic compounds, diarylethenes with heterocyclic rings, which were designed according to the guiding principle based on the molecular orbital calculation of state correlation diagrams. The compounds were found to keep on storing the optical memory for more than 3 months at 80°C, and write/erase cycles of the compounds can be repeated more than 10 4 .
Image editing in the contour domain (2002)

Image editing systems are essentially pixel-based. In this paper we propose a novel method for image editing in which the primitive working unit is not a pixel but an edge. The feasibility of this proposal is suggested by recent work showing that a grey-scale image can be accurately represented by its edge map if a suitable edge model and scale selection method are employed. In particular, an efficient algorithm has been reported to invert such an edge representation to yield a high-fidelity reconstruction of the original image. We have combined these algorithms together with an efficient method for contour grouping and an intuitive user interface to allow users to perform image editing operations directly in the contour domain. Experimental results suggest that this novel combination of vision algorithms may lead to substantial improvements in the efficiency of certain classes of image editing operations.
Reduction in Replication of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in Human T Cell Lines by Polymerase III-Driven Transcription of Chimeric tRNA—Antisense RNA Genes (1994)

Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication was demonstrated by using tat- and rev-directed antisense oligoribonucleotides 68 and 69 nucleotides in length. In this study, human T-lymphoid cells were transduced with a murine amphotropic retroviral vector containing a polymerase III-driven chimeric gene consisting of the human tRNA(imet) sequence and the short tat- and rev-directed antisense sequences that had been shown before to inhibit HIV-1 replication. Pools of transduced, G418-resistant human T-lymphoid Jurkat or CEM cells showed reduced replication of HIV-1 in the presence of antisense-containing chimeric transcripts, but not with sense sequence-containing transcripts. These results demonstrate that short inhibitory antisense RNA transcripts can be stably expressed endogenously using polymerase III promoters, which can reduce replication of HIV-1. The approach described in this work combines the advantages of short and, usually, synthetic oligonucleotides with the stable intracellular expression of inhibitory genes for HIV-1 in target cells. Considering the small size of the described chimeric polymerase III genes, it appears feasible to combine multiple antiviral genes with the currently available retroviral vectors as gene delivery systems.
Design, fabrication, and characterization of a micromachined glass-blown spherical resonator with insitu integrated silicon electrodes and ALD tungsten interior coating (2015)

We propose a new approach for integration of electrodes as a part of the micro glass-blown spherical resonator fabrication process as well as an ALD metallization of the inner side of the spherical shell enabling electrostatic conduction. We use a 500μm thick silicon electrode whose electrostatic gap width, defined during the glass blowing process, is not limited by lithographic effect and enables sub-micron gap possibilities. In addition, we introduce a metallization technique based on ALD of tungsten on the inner side of the shell. 35:1 aspect ratio electrodes demonstrated to excite a 500μm radius spherical resonator with an operating frequency of 1.66MHz and a Q factor above 2700 in vacuum (0.4mT).
Sequence Characteristics, Subcellular Localization, and Substrate Specificity of DYRK-related Kinases, a Novel Family of Dual Specificity Protein Kinases (1998)

DYRK1 is a dual specificity protein kinase presumably involved in brain development. Here we show that the kinase belongs to a new family of protein kinases comprising at least seven mammalian isoforms (DYRK1A, DYRK1B, DYRK1C, DYRK2, DYRK3, DYRK4A, and DYRK4B), the yeast homolog Yak1p, and the Drosophila kinase minibrain (MNB). In rat tissues, DYRK1A is expressed ubiquitously, whereas transcripts for DYRK1B, DYRK2, DYRK3, and DYRK4 were detected predominantly in testes of adult but not prepuberal rats. By fluorescence microscopy and subcellular fractionation, a green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion protein of DYRK1A was found to accumulate in the nucleus of transfected COS-7 and HEK293 cells, whereas GFP-DYRK2 was predominantly detected in the cytoplasm. DYRK1A exhibited a punctate pattern of GFP fluorescence inside the nucleus and was co-purified with the nuclear matrix. Analysis of GFP-DYRK1A deletion constructs showed that the nuclear localization of DYRK1A was mediated by its nuclear targeting signal (amino acids 105-139) but that its characteristic subnuclear distribution depended on additional N-terminal elements (amino acids 1-104). When expressed in Escherichia coli, DYRK1A, DYRK2, DYRK3, MNB, and Yak1p catalyzed their autophosphorylation on tyrosine residues. The kinases differed in their substrate specificity in that DYRK2 and DYRK3, but not DYRK1A and MNB, catalyzed phosphorylation of histone H2B. The heterogeneity of their subcellular localization and substrate specificity suggests that the kinases are involved in different cellular functions.
A Semi-Automatic Approach to Detect Structural Components from CAD Drawings for Constructing As-Is BIM Objects (2017)

With the increasing implementation of building information model (BIM) in operations and maintenance (O&M) management for existing buildings, various new data detection technologies for constructing an as-is BIM have been proposed and developed in past decades. In particular, extracting information from existing CAD documents is still a significant research area in the as-is BIM construction process. Data saved in CAD formats are unstructured and consequently it is hard to extract information and recognize objects in a systematic approach. With the ultimate goal of developing an effective and applicable approach to assist constructing as-is BIM objects, a novel semi-automatic approach is developed to detect structural components from CAD drawings. This approach mainly consists of a data processing part and a data management part. The data processing part defines the location of a structural component through recognizing special symbols in a floor plan and then extracting data from the floor plan using the optical character recognition (OCR) algorithm. The data management part analyzes and takes meaningful information from the extracted data based on predefined outlines. This paper first summarizes state-of-the-art information detection and analysis methods from CAD drawings. Then, the methodology and the prototype application developed in Matlab are introduced and discussed. Moreover, a preliminary set of tests using an office building and the analysis results from the tests are discussed as a case study from the perspectives of applicability and accuracy. Lastly, future works and limitations are also addressed.
Design and Analysis of Pulsewidth-Modulated Amplifiers for DC Servo Systems (1976)

The use of pulse width-modulated amplifiers for dc servo systems, in order to reduce the power dissipation in the output stage is proposed. The amplifier transistors can be switched in different sequences, and the amplifier will operate accordingly in three possible modes, namely the bipolar, the unipolar, and the limited unipolar modes. The principle of operation and the mathematical model for each case are described along with the special features of this amplifier which include the power dissipation in the motor and the selection of the switching frequency.
A new modal mode controlling method for a surface format surrounding mass accelerometer (2002)

A new model mode controlling method for a surface format surrounding mass accelerometer is presented. The controlling method can attain a stable feedback control without imposing a degree-of-freedom limitation on the sensor structure by using a multi-force balancing system. The controlling is based on the finite element method simulation result for the accelerometer structure and the fact that almost all vibrations occurring in the accelerometer in a normal vibrational environment can be expressed by a very small number of vibrational mode series. For this work, an application for the surface format surrounding mass accelerometer is presented as a demonstration.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
On Improving the Performance Per Area of ASTC with a Multi-output Decoder (2017)

ASTC is an efficient and flexible texture compression format but it is relatively costly to implement in hardware. By outputting multiple texels from a single encoded ASTC block, we will show an performance per area improvement of 25%.
A `missing neighbor model' for capacitive loading in VLSI interconnect channels (1987)

The authors describe and justify a model of parasitic interconnect capacitance that enables the compilation of succinct numerical capacitance-per-unit-length tables for use in the parasitic extraction routines of layout and simulation software. The course of an interconnect line is divided into successive segments at planes where any parallel neighboring line begins or terminates. Parasitic capacitance is the sum of segment capacitances, each of which is found from a table entry appropriate to the local configuration of missing neighbor lines. Thus, CAD software with access to these tables and a routing database can accurately compute parasitic interconnection capacitance.
Power Mobility for a Nursing Home Resident With Dementia (2009)

The resident was unable to achieve self-mobility with an intervention involving a modified power wheelchair. However, this study demonstrates that even supervised mobility can have a positive impact on affect and social participation. Observations from this study are being applied to the design and testing of the next generation of power wheelchairs intended for use by nursing home residents with dementia.
Low-Power Fir Filter Based on Standard Cell (2006)

In recent years, power consumption along with silicon area has become the key factor in the chip design, especially in the digital signal processing block. Most of digital signal processing block are designed in standard cell. One way of low power design based on standard cell is using minimum-sized device. This paper presents a low-power scheme for the VLSI implementation of finite-impulse response (FIR) filters based on standard cell. The scheme is a cross level solution in the view of design flow. A multi-hierarchy pipeline scheme is in the architecture level. Integrating addition into Wallace/spl I.bar/tree is used in logic level, which guarantees achieving minimum-sized device solution in circuit level. Simulation shows that 20% of the power is saved with the proposed scheme.
UBCA: A Utility Based Clustering Architecture For Peer-to-peer Networks (2007)

Use of the Peer-to-Peer (P2P) architecture has recently spread in popularity. File sharing and ad hoc networks have contributed to the architecture's usage. P2P generates new challenges in scalability, fairness, and quality of service. Current solutions tend to fall into two main areas: incentives and system design. Incentive-based approaches appeal to the self-interested nature of peers by requiring service to the system in order to access resources. System design includes distributed hash tables and graph-theoretical based designs which have seen some success, but also result in new problems. We introduce a Utility-Based Clustering Architecture, UBCA, designed to address scalability, fairness, quality of service, and load distribution through the use of implicit incentives. The UBCA runs on peers and clusters during the execution based on mutual utility gained as a result of the grouping. Simulation of the UBCA shows improved bandwidth and latency per access and reduced overhead costs.
Efficient detection of split personalities in malware (2010)

Malware is the root cause of many security threats on the Internet. To cope with the thousands of new malware samples that are discovered every day, security companies and analysts rely on automated tools to extract the runtime behavior of malicious programs. Of course, malware authors are aware of these tools and increasingly try to thwart their analysis techniques. To this end, malware code is often equipped with checks that look for evidence of emulated or virtualized analysis environments. When such evidence is found, the malware program behaves differently or crashes, thus showing a different “personality ” than on a real system. Recent work has introduced transparent analysis platforms (such as Ether or Cobra) that make it significantly more difficult for malware programs to detect their presence. Others have proposed techniques to identify and bypass checks introduced by malware authors. Both approaches are often successful in exposing the runtime behavior of malware even when the malicious code attempts to thwart analysis efforts. However, these techniques induce significant performance overhead, especially for fine-grained analysis. Unfortunately, this makes them unsuitable for the analysis of current highvolume malware feeds. In this paper, we present a technique that efficiently detects when a malware program behaves differently in an emulated analysis environment and on an uninstrumented reference host. The basic idea is simple: we just compare the runtime behavior of a sample in our analysis system and on a reference machine. However, obtaining a robust and efficient comparison is very difficult. In particular, our approach consists of recording the interactions of the malware with the operating system in one run and using this information to deterministically replay the program in our analysis environment. Our experiments demonstrate that, by using our approach, one can efficiently detect malware samples that use a variety of techniques to identify emulated analysis environments. 1
The Clinical Importance of <i>Demodex folliculorum</i> Presenting with Nonspecific Facial Signs and Symptoms (2004)

Demodex folliculorum (D. folliculorum), found in the pilosebaceous unit, is the most common ectoparasite of humans. Various clinical forms such as pustular folliculitis, papulopustular scalp eruptions, perioral dermatitis, and blepharitis have been defined, although in general, the disease has been classified into three main groups as "pityriasis folliculitis", "rosacea-like demodicidosis", and granulomatous rosacea-like "demodicidosis gravis". Our aim was to test for the presence of D. folliculorum in pathogenic numbers in patients who came to our clinic with non-specific symptoms such as facial itching with or without erythema, seborrheic dermatitis-like or perioral dermatitis-like lesions, papulopustular lesions, and an acneiform clinical appearance without telengiectasia or flushing. Twenty-eight (87.5%) female and 4 male (12.5%), patients and 33 age-and-sex matched healthy subjects enrolled in this study. D. folliculorum was sought in the lesion sites using the non-invasive method known as the Standardised Skin Surface Biopsy (SSSB). The discovery of more than five parasites in an area of 1 cm2, was evaluated as pathogenic. For treatment, 5% permethrine cream was applied twice daily for 15 to 30 days. The clinical symptoms of the patients were classified into clinical groups and evaluated as facial itching in 2 (6.3%), nonspecific erythema and itching in 21 (65.6%), erythema and pityriasiform squamous lesions in 3 (9.4%), acneiform in 3 (9.4%), papulopustular lesions in 1 (3.1%), granulomatous rosacea-like in 1 (3.1%), and perioral dermatitis-like symptoms in 1 (3.3%), D. folliculorum density was determined as 5>D/cm2 in all clinical lesions. A significant clinical healing and density of D. folliculorum at <=5 D/cm2 was determined in all but two patients after treatment. We consider that D. folliculorum presentation with different symptoms and signs than classical forms is not rare. For this reason, we suggest that it is useful to test for D. folliculorum in patients with non-classical presentations like facial itching, itching accompanied by non-specific erythema, itching and non-specific pityriasiform squamous lesions, and acneiform lesions.
Preparation of basic nickel carbonate particles in solution system of Ni(II)-NH_3-CO_3~(2-)-H_2O (2004)

Based on the principles of simultaneous equilibrium and mass balance, a series of thermodynamic equilibrium equations of Ni(Ⅱ)-NH_3-CO~(2-)_3-H_2O system at ambient temperature were deduced theoretically and the thermodynamic diagrams of lg[Ni]_T versus pH at different solution compositions were drawn, which was quite effective to explain the formation mechanism of precipitation particles with different microscopic shapes. When pH of the solution is below (7.0,) free nickel ions are dominant and when the precipitant is added, the fast coagulation will take place leading to the loose flocculation particles. While pH is above 7.0, because of the coordination of nickel ion with ammonia, the precipitation proceeds slowly accompanying with the release of Ni~(2+) from the multi-coordinated Ni(NH_3)~(2+)_n(n=1, 2, …, 6), which easily leads to the formation of the dense spherical particles.
Estimation of Lithium-Ion Batteries State-Condition in Electric Vehicle Applications: Issues and State of the Art (2021)

Lithium-ion batteries are the most used these days for charging electric vehicles (EV). It is important to study the aging of batteries because the deterioration of their characteristics largely determines the cost, efficiency, and environmental impact of electric vehicles, especially full-electric ones. The estimation of batteries’ state-condition is also very important for improving energy efficiency, lengthening the life cycle, minimizing costs and ensuring safe implementation of batteries in electric vehicles. However, batteries with large temporal variables and non-linear characteristics are often affected by random factors affecting the equivalent internal resistance (EIR), battery state of charge (SoC), and state of health (SoH) in EV applications. The estimation of batteries’ parameters is a complex process, due to its dependence on various factors such as batteries age and ambient temperature, among others. A good estimate of SoC and internal resistance leads to long battery life and disaster prevention in the event of a battery failure. The classification of estimation methodologies for internal parameters and the charging status of batteries will be very helpful in choosing the appropriate method for the development of a reliable and secure battery management system (BMS) and an energy management strategy for electric vehicles.
A Voltage-Dependent Chloride Current Linked to the Cell Cycle in Ascidian Embryos (1990)

A voltage-dependent chloride current has been found in early ascidian embryos that is a minor conductance in the oocyte and in interphase blastomeres but that increases transiently in amplitude by more than tenfold during each cell division. Repeated cycles in the density of this chloride current could be recorded for up to 6 hours (four cycles) in cleavage-arrested embryos, whether they were activated by sperm or calcium ionophore. These data suggest that there is a direct link between the cell cycle clock and the properties of this channel, a link that results in pronounced cyclical changes in the electrical properties of early blastomeres.