gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ubiquitination of Prohibitin in Mammalian Sperm Mitochondria: Possible Roles in the Regulation of Mitochondrial Inheritance and Sperm Quality Control1 (2003)

Ubiquitination of the sperm mitochondria during spermatogenesis has been implicated in the targeted degradation of paternal mitochondria after fertilization, a mechanism proposed to promote the predominantly maternal inheritance of mitochondrial DNA in humans and animals. The identity of ubiquitinated substrates in the sperm mitochondria is not known. In the present study, we show that prohibitin, a highly conserved, 30- to 32-kDa mitochondrial membrane protein, occurs in a number of unexpected isoforms, ranging from 64 to greater than 185 kDa in the mammalian sperm mitochondria, which are the ubiquitinated substrates. These bands bind antiubiquitin antibodies, displaying a pattern consistent with polyubiquitinated "ladders." Immunoprecipitation of sperm extracts with antiprohibitin antibodies followed by probing of the resultant immunocomplexes with antiubiquitin yields a banding pattern identical to that observed by antiprohibitin Western blot analysis. In fact, the presumably nonubiquitinated 30-kDa prohibitin band shows no antiubiquitin immunoreactivity. We demonstrate that ubiquitination of prohibitin occurs in testicular spermatids and spermatozoa. Ubiquitinated prohibitin molecules also accumulate in the defective fractions of ejaculated spermatozoa, which are thought to undergo surface ubiquitination during epididymal passage. In such sperm fractions, ubiquitin also coprecipitates with tubulin and microtubule-associated proteins, presumably contributed by the axonemes of defective, ubiquitinated spermatozoa. The results of the present study suggest that prohibitin is one of the ubiquitinated substrates that makes the sperm mitochondria recognizable by the egg's ubiquitin-proteasome dependent proteolytic machinery after fertilization and most likely facilitates the marking of defective spermatozoa in the epididymis for degradation.
A Distributed SDN Application for Cross-Institution Data Access (2019)

SDN is based on the idea of a centralized controller with a global view of the network topology. However, in large networks, multiple controllers work together to perform global network functions. This presents challenges in load balancing, consistent network view, and controller placement for scalability and reliability. When multiple controllers reside in different domains, their communication challenges are increased as each may have its own security and access policies. We present a reactive distributed SDN application built as a custom module in Floodlight that allows multiple controllers to make joint decisions where the controllers reside in different domains by communicating with an external server for information about participating organizations. Such a framework would be useful, for example, for providing access to patient information distributed among different hospital networks, big data sets between research institutions, or public safety data sets during disaster or emergency. The resulting approach will allow the SDN application layer to handle inter-domain traffic and enable data access between different organizations/agencies while respecting their different respective policies.
Molecular Mechanisms of Pulmonary Fibrosis and Current Treatment (2001)

Pulmonary fibrosis is a common response to various insults or injuries to the lung. Although there are various initiating factors or causes, the terminal stages are characterized by proliferation and progressive accumulation of connective tissue replacing normal functional parenchyma. The pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis includes endothelial and epithelial cell injury, production of inflammatory cells and their mediators, and fibroblast activation. Conventional therapy consisting of glucocorticoids or cytotoxic drugs is usually ineffective in preventing progression of the disease. Further understanding of the molecular mechanisms of endothelial and epithelial cell injury, inflammatory reaction, fibroblast proliferation, collagen deposition and lung repair, should lead to the development of effective treatments against pulmonary fibrosis. Accordingly, this review summarizes recent progress made in understanding the molecular mechanisms of pulmonary fibrosis. A detailed discussion is presented regarding each of the potential new therapies which have emerged from the animal models of pulmonary fibrosis and which have been developed through advances in cellular and molecular biology.
An upper bound on expected clock skew in synchronous systems (1990)

A statistical model is considered for clock skew in which the propagation delays on every source-to-processor path are sums of independent contributions, and are identically distributed. Upper bounds are derived for expected skew, and its variance, in tree distribution systems with N synchronously clocked processing elements. The results are applied to two special cases of clock distribution. In the first, the metric-free model, the total delay in each buffer stage is Gaussian with a variance independent of stage number. In this case, the upper bound on skew grows as Theta (log N). The second, metric, model, is meant to reflect VLSI constraints. Here, the clock delay in a stage is Gaussian with a variance proportional to wire length, and the distribution tree is an H-tree embedded in the plane. In this case, the upper bound on expected skew is Theta (N/sup 1/4/ (log N)/sup 1/2/).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Ge-on-Si vertical incidence photodiodes with 39-GHz bandwidth (2005)

Vertical-incidence Germanium photodiodes grown on thin strain-relaxed buffers on Silicon substrates are reported. For a mesa-type detector with a diameter of 10 μm, a resistance-capacitance-limited 3-dB bandwidth of 25.1 GHz at an incident wavelength of 1552 nm and zero external bias has been measured. At a reverse bias of 2 V, the bandwidth is 38.9 GHz. The detector comprises a 300-nm-thick intrinsic region, and thus, has the potential for easy integration with Si circuitry and exhibits zero bias external quantum efficiencies of 23%, 16%, and 2.8% at 850, 1298, and 1552 nm, respectively.
Synthesis, electrochemical and photophysical studies of the borondifluoride complex of a meta-linked biscurcuminoid (2015)

One- and two-photon absorption by the borondifluoride complex of a <italic>meta</italic>-linked biscurcuminoid provides NIR fluorescence emission with high brightnesses in the solid state.
The importance of cathepsin's-D tissular detection in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. (2002)

Various recognized prognostic factors in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx influence the therapeutic option offered to an individual patient in order to extend the survival expectancy. Additional prognostic indicators are required in specific patient subgroups. We performed a retrospective study by using a standard immunohistochemical technique in order to evaluate the accumulation of cathepsin-D as possible prognostic marker of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tumor materials were obtained from a series of 64 patients with cancer of the larynx. Immunostaining was evaluated by computerized image analysis. Cathepsin-D immunostaining was observed in tumor parenchymal and stromal cells (31.25% and 37.5% of all cases respectively); it was found to be useful in defining patient subgroups with differences in relapse-free survival. Among patients with positive lymph nodes, those with cathepsin-D immunopositive tumor cells were in higher risk for relapsing (p = 0.0395). Although the classical prognostic factors of laryngeal carcinoma retain their predominance, cathepsin-D immunoreactivity may serve as an additional prognosticator in specific patient subgroups.
CARE OF AN OBESE PATIENT WITH A PRESSURE ULCER (2001)

Murphy, Kathleen RN, BSN, CETN; Gallagher, Susan RN, CWOCN, MSN, PhDEditor(s): Hanlon, Maureen RN, MN, CWOCN Author Information
Asymmetric electrode ionomer for low relative humidity operation of anion exchange membrane fuel cells (2020)

An asymmetric anion exchange membrane fuel cell enables high performance and operational durability under low RH conditions.
Validity of using tri-axial accelerometers to measure human movement—Part I: Posture and movement detection (2013)

A robust method for identifying movement in the free-living environment is needed to objectively measure physical activity. The purpose of this study was to validate the identification of postural orientation and movement from acceleration data against visual inspection from video recordings. Using tri-axial accelerometers placed on the waist and thigh, static orientations of standing, sitting, and lying down, as well as dynamic movements of walking, jogging and transitions between postures were identified. Additionally, subjects walked and jogged at self-selected slow, comfortable, and fast speeds. Identification of tasks was performed using a combination of the signal magnitude area, continuous wavelet transforms and accelerometer orientations. Twelve healthy adults were studied in the laboratory, with two investigators identifying tasks during each second of video observation. The intraclass correlation coefficients for inter-rater reliability were greater than 0.95 for all activities except for transitions. Results demonstrated high validity, with sensitivity and positive predictive values of greater than 85% for sitting and lying, with walking and jogging identified at greater than 90%. The greatest disagreement in identification accuracy between the algorithm and video occurred when subjects were asked to fidget while standing or sitting. During variable speed tasks, gait was correctly identified for speeds between 0.1m/s and 4.8m/s. This study included a range of walking speeds and natural movements such as fidgeting during static postures, demonstrating that accelerometer data can be used to identify orientation and movement among the general population.
Methamphetamine-Related Psychiatric Symptoms and Reduced Brain Dopamine Transporters Studied With PET (2001)

These findings suggest that longer use of methamphetamine may cause more severe psychiatric symptoms and greater reduction of dopamine transporter density in the brain. They also show that the dopamine transporter reduction may be long-lasting, even if methamphetamine use ceases. Further, persistent psychiatric symptoms in methamphetamine users, including psychotic symptoms, may be attributable to the reduction of dopamine transporter density.
Transition metal sulfides meet electrospinning: versatile synthesis, distinct properties and prospective applications (2021)

One-dimensional (1D) electrospun nanomaterials have attracted significant attention due to their unique structures and outstanding chemical and physical properties such as large specific surface area, distinct electronic and mass transport, and mechanical flexibility. Over the past years, the integration of metal sulfides with electrospun nanomaterials has emerged as an exciting research topic owing to the synergistic effects between the two components, leading to novel and interesting properties in energy, optics and catalysis research fields for example. In this review, we focus on the recent development of the preparation of electrospun nanomaterials integrated with functional metal sulfides with distinct nanostructures. These functional materials have been prepared via two efficient strategies, namely direct electrospinning and post-synthesis modification of electrospun nanomaterials. In this review, we systematically present the chemical and physical properties of the electrospun nanomaterials integrated with metal sulfides and their application in electronic and optoelectronic devices, sensing, catalysis, energy conversion and storage, thermal shielding, adsorption and separation, and biomedical technology. Additionally, challenges and further research opportunities in the preparation and application of these novel functional materials are also discussed.
Der Begriff Landschaft - Mythos, Geschichte, Bedeutung (2004)

Nicht nur Staaten, Administrationen, Organisationen und soziale Bewegungen, auch Wissenschaften und Professionen greifen zumindest gelegentlich auf Mythen zurück – sagt der Jurist und Raumplaner BENJAMIN DAVY, und eben deshalb sei es “für die Raumplanung unerlässlich, hin und wieder einen Ausflug in das Reich der Mythen (und das heißt auch: in das Reich der eigenen Mythen) zu unternehmen”. Eben dies gilt dann unter anderem auch für Geografen, Naturschützer, Landschaftspfleger, Landschaftsplaner und Landschaftsarchitekten Falls es sich (wie bei “Landschaft”) um Raum-Mythen handelt, liegt ihre Faszination darin, dass die von ihnen gemeinten Räume und Raum-Bilder nicht nur als Symbole, sondern auch als Präsenzen von etwas Großem, Ursprünglichem, Vorbildlichem, Aufforderndem (und im mythischen Ernstfall auch: von etwas zu Verehrendem, etwas Numinosem, Göttlichem) verstanden werden. Sie weisen auf dieses Große, Ursprüngliche, Heilige usf. nicht nur symbolisch hin, sie sind es auch – oder ihm wenigstens durch reale Teilhabe an seiner Substanz verbunden. Den Angehörigen von Raumwissenschaften und Raumprofessionen ist der mythische Einschlag in ihrem Denken durchweg nicht bewusst. Der Grund ist leicht zu sehen: Die mythischen Elemente ihrer Raumkonzepte gehören – wie diese Raumkonzepte insgesamt – allzusehr zum Kreis des Alt- und Allbekannten, und “Das Bekannte überhaupt ist darum, weil es bekannt ist, nicht erkannt”, wie es in einem der berühmtesten Sätze HEGELS heißt.
Kidney Paired Donation and Optimizing the Use of Live Donor Organs (2005)

The combination of a national KPD program and a mathematically optimized matching algorithm yields more matches with lower HLA disparity. Optimized matching affords patients the flexibility of customizing their matching priorities and the security of knowing that the greatest number of high-quality matches will be found and distributed equitably.
A Neural Autoregressive Approach to Collaborative Filtering (2016)

This paper proposes CF-NADE, a neural autoregressive architecture for collaborative filtering (CF) tasks, which is inspired by the Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) based CF model and the Neural Autoregressive Distribution Estimator (NADE). We first describe the basic CF-NADE model for CF tasks. Then we propose to improve the model by sharing parameters between different ratings. A factored version of CF-NADE is also proposed for better scalability. Furthermore, we take the ordinal nature of the preferences into consideration and propose an ordinal cost to optimize CF-NADE, which shows superior performance. Finally, CF-NADE can be extended to a deep model, with only moderately increased computational complexity. Experimental results show that CF-NADE with a single hidden layer beats all previous state-of-the-art methods on MovieLens 1M, MovieLens 10M, and Netflix datasets, and adding more hidden layers can further improve the performance.
How Many Faces Does the Plant U-Box E3 Ligase Have? (2022)

Ubiquitination is a major type of post-translational modification of proteins in eukaryotes. The plant U-Box (PUB) E3 ligase is the smallest family in the E3 ligase superfamily, but plays a variety of essential roles in plant growth, development and response to diverse environmental stresses. Hence, PUBs are potential gene resources for developing climate-resilient crops. However, there is a lack of review of the latest advances to fully understand the powerful gene family. To bridge the gap and facilitate its use in future crop breeding, we comprehensively summarize the recent progress of the PUB family, including gene evolution, classification, biological functions, and multifarious regulatory mechanisms in plants.
New method to relax thermal stress in GaAs grown on Si substrates (1987)

A new method to grow stress-free GaAs on bent Si substrates is proposed and demonstrated by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The stress produced by the thermal expansion coefficient difference of Si and GaAs is compensated by the external mechanical strain applied in the substrate at high temperature. The photoluminescence peak energy of GaAs on Si becomes almost the same as that of the stress-free GaAs on GaAs grown by liquid phase epitaxy by applying this method.
Amyloid load and cerebral atrophy in Alzheimer's disease: An <sup>11</sup>C‐PIB positron emission tomography study (2006)

To determine the relationship between cerebral amyloid plaque load and rates of cerebral atrophy in Alzheimer's disease. (11)C-PIB((11)C-6-OH benzothiazole)PET (positron emission tomography) findings were correlated with volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements in nine subjects with mild to moderate AD. Analysis revealed a positive correlation between rates of whole brain atrophy and whole brain (p = 0.019) and regional (11)C-PIB uptake. This provides support for the central role of amyloid deposition in the pathogenesis of AD.
A method of printer modeling with the spectral reflectance curves using error back propagation (2002)

Most color imaging devices exhibit color distortions due to nonlinear component characteristics. Among color correction techniques, the most popular is device characterization. Generally there are two parts in printer characterization using a neural network, i.e. printer modeling and printer controller. This paper presents a method of printer modeling with spectral reflectance values using error back propagation. In experiments, we used an ink jet printer. First we print many color patches using known CMY values, and measured these patches with spectral reflectance values at wavelengths. The data set of the measured values and the input values were split into the validation set for assessing the performance of the trained network and the training sets. For training we took CMY values for the input nodes and reflectance values for the target values of the output nodes. The input layer of the network receives input as a CMY vector. The output represents spectral reflectance at certain wavelengths. To get a better performance, we change the network scheme. For the evaluation, we transformed spectral reflectance values to XYZ values. With this model, we can make a printer controller, the reverse of a printer model. Printer controller takes XYZ values for input and CMY for output. If the printer prints with controller CMY, we have the same L*a*b* between printed color patches and input value of the printer controller. From a global point of view, this total system represents a mapping from a target L*a*b* value to the output L*a*b* value of the printer.
Relationship of Rostral Ventrolateral Medullary Neurons and Angiotensin in the Central Control of Blood Pressure (1995)

The rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVL) in the medulla oblongata contains a group of vasomotor neurons that regulate the level of arterial blood pressure. That these spinal-projecting neurons were spontaneously active, cardiac-locked and baro-sensitive further underlies their important role in generating a tonic sympathoexcitatory outflow. In pentobarbital anesthetized spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), the electrophysiological behaviours of these sympathoexcitatory cardiovascular neurons were significantly different from those of normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). In SHR, there was an equal occurrence of slow-conducting single discharge units and fast-conducting double discharge units while the vast majority of RVL neurons was single discharge units in WKY. Further, the single discharge units of SHR had a higher firing rate and a more regular discharge pattern than those in WKY. The activity of a subpopulation of these RVL cardiovascular neurons was excited by iontophoretic application of angiotensin II, with the magnitude and duration of the excitation greater in SHR than in WKY. Besides, microinjection of [Sar1, Ile8]-angiotensin II, an angiotensin II antagonist, to RVL caused a greater decrease in the firing rate of a subpopulation of RVL cardiovascular neurons in SHR than in WKY. In both types of rats, the neuronal responses were significantly greater in double discharge units than in single discharge units. This was followed by a subsequent depressor response which was significantly greater in SHR than in WKY. These observations demonstrate that in SHR the altered spontaneous electrophysiological property of sympathoexcitatory neurons in the RVL and their augmented sensitivity to the tonic influence of brain angiotensin may contribute to the manifestation of hypertension in this strain of rats.
Optical gain of interdiffused InGaAs-As and AlGaAs-GaAs quantum wells (1998)

We have analyzed theoretically the effects of interdiffusion on the gain, differential gain, linewidth enhancement factor, and the injection current density of In/sub 0.2/Ga/sub 0.8/As-GaAs and Al/sub 0.3/Ga/sub 0.7/As-GaAs quantum-well (QW) lasers. We have calculated the electron and hole subband structures including the effects of valence band mixing and strains. The optical gain is then calculated using the density matrix approach. Our results show that the gain spectrum can be blue-shifted without an enormous increase in the injected current density. Imposing an upper limit (416 A/spl middot/cm/sup -2/) on the injection current density for a typical laser structure, we find that the InGaAs-GaAs and AlGaAs-GaAs QW lasers can be blue-shifted by 24 and 54 mn, respectively. Our theoretical results compare well with the tuning ranges of 53 and 66 meV found for AlGaAs-GaAs QWs in some experiments. This indicates that the interdiffusion technique is useful for the tuning of laser operation wavelength for multiwavelength applications.
Rapid, sensitive DNT vapor detection with UV-assisted photo-chemically synthesized gold nanoparticle SERS substrates (2011)

We report rapid, sensitive, and direct detection of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) vapor using tailored gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) as the SERS substrate. The Au-NPs were synthesized using the UV-assisted photo-chemical reduction method and subsequently formed a monolayer on the glass slide through polymer-mediated self-assembly. The SERS substrate such prepared has high SERS enhancement, high affinity towards DNT vapor, and rapid response to the DNT adsorption/desorption. We systematically studied the effect of the Au-NP size and surface density on the SERS performance such as enhancement factor and response time. With the optimized SERS substrate, an enhancement factor over 5.6 × 10(6) was achieved. Furthermore, real-time detection of DNT vapor with only 0.35 second data acquisition time was demonstrated using a 12 mW laser. Compared to previously reported results, we achieved two orders of magnitude reduction in detection time and more than one order of magnitude reduction in excitation laser power. The detection limit is estimated to be 0.4 attogram, which corresponds to a sub-ppb DNT concentration in air. This work will lead to the development of ultra-fast and ultra-sensitive SERS devices for explosive identification and monitoring.
Insights into potential pathogenesis mechanisms associated with Campylobacter jejuni-induced abortion in ewes (2014)

The results showed that C. jejuni SA clones are capable of causing abortion or stillbirth in experimentally infected sheep. Furthermore, down- or up-regulation of specific genes in the uterus of infected pregnant ewes might implicate host genes in facilitating the disease progression. Since the C. jejuni SA strains share genotypic similarities with clones that have been isolated from human clinical cases of gastroenteritis, these strains might represent a potential public health risk.