gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tissue Culture-Specific Expression of a Naturally Occurring Tobacco Feedback-Insensitive Anthranilate Synthase1 (1998)

A cDNA and corresponding promoter region for a naturally occurring, feedback-insensitive anthranilate synthase (AS) alpha-subunit gene, ASA2, has been isolated from an unselected, but 5-methyl-tryptophan-resistant (5MTr), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cell line (AB15-12-1). The ASA2 cDNA contains a putative transit peptide sequence, and Southern hybridization shows that more than one closely related sequence is present in the tobacco genome. The ASA2 cDNA complemented a trpE nonsense mutant Escherichia coli strain, allowing growth on 300 microm 5MT-containing minimal medium without tryptophan, and cell extracts contained feedback-insensitive AS activity. The 5MTr was lost when the E. coli strain was transformed with an ASA2 site-directed mutant (phenylalanine-107-arginine-108 --> serine-107-glutamine-108). Identical nucleotide sequences encoding the phenylalanine-107-arginine-108 region have been found in polymerase chain reaction-amplified 326-bp ASA2 genomic fragments of wild-type (5-methyl-tryptophan-sensitive [5MTs]) tobacco and a progenitor species. High-level ASA2 transcriptional expression was detected only in 5MTr-cultured cells, not in 5MTs cells or in plants. Promoter studies indicate that tissue specificity of ASA2 is controlled by the promoter region between -2252 and -607. Since the ASA2 promoter sequences are not substantially different in the 5MTr and 5MTs lines, the increased levels of ASA2 mRNA in the 5MTr lines are most likely due to changes in a regulatory gene affecting ASA2 expression.
ChemInform Abstract: Practical Demethylation of Podophyllotoxin and Efficient Preparation of 4‐Amino‐4‐deoxy‐4′‐demethylepipodophyllotoxin. (2012)

Abstract The regioselective demethylation of podophyllotoxin (I) is smoothly achieved using methionine and methylsulfonic acid in TFA or in acetone/water.
Chiral fiber gratings (2006)

Examples of adiabatic modification of optical fiber parameters while maintaining single-mode propagation are discussed in the paper. It is found that adiabatic variation of polarization of fiber mode enables efficient coupling of a PM fiber supporting linearly polarized modes and a chiral fiber supporting circularly or elliptically polarized modes
Fiber-optic sensing system: Overview, development and deployment in flight at NASA (2015)

An overview of the research and technological development of the fiber-optic sensing system (FOSS) at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Armstrong Flight Research Center (NASA AFRC) is presented. Theory behind fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors, as well as interrogation technique based on optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) is discussed. Assessment and validation of FOSS as an accurate measurement tool for structural health monitoring is realized in the laboratory environment as well as large-scale flight deployment.
Platinum Complexes with One Radiosensitizing Ligand [PtCl 2 (NH 3 ) (Sensitizer)]: Radiosensitization and Toxicity Studies in Vitro (1987)

Complexes of general formula [PtCl2(NH3)L] with one radiosensitizing ligand per platinum are compared with ligand L alone, complexes with two radiosensitizers per platinum [PtCl2L2], and their analogs with NH3 ligands, with respect to radiosensitizing properties and toxicity in CHO cells. Radiosensitizing ligands, L, were misonidazole, metronidazole, 4(5)-nitroimidazole, and 2-amino-5-nitrothiazole, and the ammine analogs were cis- and trans-DDP [diamminedichloroplatinum(II)] and the monoammine, K[PtCl3(NH3)]. Results are related to a previous study on plasmid DNA binding by these series. The toxicity of the mono series [PtCl2(NH3)L], attributable to DNA binding, is much higher than the corresponding bis complexes, [PtCl2L2]. For L = misonidazole, toxicity is similar to the monoammine, but higher in hypoxic than in aerobic cells. trans-[PtCl2(NH3)-(misonidazole)] is more toxic than the cis isomer. Except for L = 4(5)-nitroimidazole, the complexes [PtCl2(NH3)L] are more toxic than L in air and hypoxia. Hypoxic radiosensitization by the mono complexes is comparable to the monoammine and is not better than free sensitizers, again except for L = 4(5)-nitroimidazole. Significantly lower sensitization is observed in oxic cells. The bis complexes [PtCl2L2], which do not bind to DNA as well as the mono complexes, are less effective radiosensitizers and less toxic than the [PtCl2(NH3)L] series.
4D-4 Love Wave Acoustic Array Biosensor Platform for Autonomous Detection (2007)

The rapid autonomous detection of pathogenic microorganisms and bioagents by field deployable platforms is critical to human health and safety. To achieve a high level of sensitivity for fluidic detection applications, we have developed a 330 MHz Love wave acoustic biosensor on 36deg YX lithium tantalate (LTO). Each die has four delay-line detection channels, permitting simultaneous measurement of multiple analytes or for parallel detection of single analyte containing samples. Crucial to our biosensor was the development of a transducer that excites the shear horizontal (SH) mode, through optimization of the transducer, minimizing propagation losses and reducing undesirable modes. Detection was achieved by comparing the reference phase of an input signal to the phase shift from the biosensor using an integrated electronic multi- readout system connected to a laptop computer or PDA. The Love wave acoustic arrays were centered at 330 MHz, shifting to 325-328 MHz after application of the silicon dioxide waveguides. The insertion loss was -6 dB with an out-of-band rejection of 35 dB. The amplitude and phase ripple were 2.5 dB p-p and 2-3deg p-p, respectively. Time-domain gating confirmed propagation of the SH mode while showing suppression of the triple transit. Antigen capture and mass detection experiments demonstrate a sensitivity of 7.19plusmn0.74deg mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /ng with a detection limit of 6.7plusmn0.40 pg/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> for each channel.
Optical encryption system with a binary key code (2000)

A double-random-phase optical encryption system that uses a binary key code is proposed. The key code is generated as a binary computer-generated hologram. The binary key code can be displayed on a binary spatial light modulator (SLM) such as a ferroelectric liquid-crystal display. The use of a binary SLM enables us to renew the key at high speed. A joint transform correlator based on a photorefractive crystal in the Fourier domain is used to perform shift-invariant encryption and decryption. Computer simulations of the effects of using a binary encoded key code instead of a complex amplitude key code are shown. Preliminary optical experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system.
Preventing Migration of Stones During Fragmentation with Thermosensitive Polymer (2007)

The use of this thermosensitive polymer proximal to ureteral stones prevents migration and is not traumatic to the ureter.
A combined1H perfusion/3He ventilation NMR study in rat lungs (1999)

The assessment of both pulmonary perfusion and ventilation is of crucial importance for a proper diagnosis of some lung diseases such as pulmonary embolism. In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of combined magnetic resonance imaging lung ventilation and perfusion performed serially in rat lungs. Lung ventilation function was assessed using hyperpolarized 3He, and lung perfusion proton imaging was demonstrated using contrast agent injection. Both imaging techniques have been implemented using projection-reconstruction sequences with free induction decay signal acquisitions. The study focused on fast three-dimensional (3D) data acquisition. The projection-reconstruction sequences used in this study allowed 3D data set acquisition in several minutes without high-performance gradients. 3D proton perfusion/helium ventilation imaging has been demonstrated on an experimental rat model of pulmonary embolism showing normal lung ventilation associated with lung perfusion defect. Assuming the possibility, still under investigation, of showing lung obstruction pathologies using 3He imaging, these combined perfusion/ventilation methods could play a significant clinical role in the future for diagnosis of several pulmonary diseases.
Double moiré structured illumination microscopy with high-index materials (2016)

Structured illumination microscopy utilizes illumination of periodic light patterns to allow reconstruction of high spatial frequencies, conventionally doubling the microscope's resolving power. This Letter presents a structured illumination microscopy scheme with the ability to achieve 60 nm resolution by using total internal reflection of a double moiré pattern in high-index materials. We propose a realization that provides dynamic control over relative amplitudes and phases of four coherently interfering beams in gallium phosphide and numerically demonstrate its capability.
Validation System of Tissue-Engineered Epithelial Cell Sheets for Corneal Regenerative Medicine (2009)

Recently, regenerative therapy with tissue-engineered epithelial cell sheets has been performed for treating ocular surface disease. It would be required to develop the validation method for these cell sheets to standardize and spread the regenerative therapy. In the present study, we developed a validation system for cultivated epithelial cell sheets. Human limbal epithelial cells and human oral mucosal epithelial cells were cultured with 3T3 feeder layer cells on temperature-responsive culture inserts for three different culture periods, and subjected to cell sheet harvest and validation. Epithelial cells cultured for a short period were not successfully harvested as intact contiguous cell sheets. On the other hand, total cell number and viability of epithelial cell sheets harvested after prolonged culture period decreased. Further, these cells also lost epithelial barrier function. These results showed the potential effectiveness of the proposed validation system that can evaluate fabricated cell sheets before transplantation.
Combining polyethylene and polypropylene: Enhanced performance with PE/ <i>i</i> PP multiblock polymers (2017)

How to make opposites compatible Polyethylene (PE) and isotactic polypropylene ( i PP) are the two most widely used commodity plastics and thus make up a large fraction of the waste stream. However, the two plastics will not mix together, which limits options for dealing with mixed waste and decreases the value of recycled products. Eagan et al. report the synthesis of multiblock copolymers of i PP and PE by using a selective polymer initiator (see the Perspective by Creton). The high-molecular-weig ht blocks could be used to reinforce the interface between i PP and PE and allow blending of the two polymers. Science , this issue p. 814 ; see also p. 797
Behavior of an Adjustable Bolted Steel Plate Connection during Field Installation (2017)

This paper presents a bolted steel plate connection to join steel members at a range of angles with the capability of adjusting in situ to accommodate additional angles or tolerances through cold bending. The connection features plates that are prebent (cold bent via a press brake) to defined angles, and then further cold bent during field installation (by bolt tightening) until turn-of-nut criteria are met. This approach uses a small number of unique components to facilitate prefabrication and rapid erection. Geometric studies were performed to select connection parameters for greatest adaptability to manufacturing and erection tolerances and versatility of member dimensions. A total of 13 scenarios were tested under field installation conditions to investigate the effect of the (1) bolt-tightening procedure, (2) amount and direction of field bending, and (3) plate angle on surface strains. Strains were measured using digital image correlation—an optical technique that captures full-field data. This paper presents a novel approach for bolted steel connections, measures the impact of field installation on surface strains, and makes implementation and design recommendations.
Phantom study of tear film dynamics with optical coherence tomography and maximum-likelihood estimation (2013)

In this Letter, we implement a maximum-likelihood estimator to interpret optical coherence tomography (OCT) data for the first time, based on Fourier-domain OCT and a two-interface tear film model. We use the root mean square error as a figure of merit to quantify the system performance of estimating the tear film thickness. With the methodology of task-based assessment, we study the trade-off between system imaging speed (temporal resolution of the dynamics) and the precision of the estimation. Finally, the estimator is validated with a digital tear-film dynamics phantom.
Photochemically Removable Silyl Protecting Groups (2001)

Several o-phenol-containing alkoxyvinylsilanes were prepared and their photochemistry was investigated. These materials were prepared via hydrosilylation of the corresponding o-acetoxy arylacetylenes. Two major classes of photochemical processes were identified in these reactants: trans-->cis isomerization, leading to an intramolecular nucleophilic substitution process at silicon, and 1,5-silyl shift, leading to an unsymmetrical dialkoxysilane. The major outcome of this work is a novel class of photochemically removable protecting groups. Two alkyl substitutions on silicon, the dimethyl and diisopropyl, were examined. The latter is more stable and is preferred for protecting groups that must tolerate multiple steps or reagents. Protection of alcohols is generally performed starting with the arylethynyl acetate, which can be subjected to hydrosilylation, alcohol substitution, and acetate deprotection without isolation of intermediates. Two groups were studied in detail, the phenol and 2-naphthol vinyl silane derivatives. A variety of primary and secondary alcohols were protected with these reagents. These groups can be deprotected cleanly and in high yield by irradiation from 250 to 350 nm.
Dexamethasone-Associated Cross-Linked Actin Network Formation in Human Trabecular Meshwork Cells Involves β3 Integrin Signaling (2011)

DEX-associated CLANs were structurally similar to those induced by mAb AP-5 and involved both increased expression and activation of αvβ3 integrins. Thus, glucocorticoid-induced CLAN formation may involve enhanced β3 integrin signaling in HTM cells, possibly by an inside-out signaling mechanism.
Spiral antenna with frequency-independent coplanar feed for mobile communication systems (2003)

The spiral antenna investigated in this contribution is a four-arm spiral antenna, that is fed with a coplanar transmission line. The frequency independent characteristics of the structure are maintained and the feeding structure itself, that does not need any kind of balun, is also frequency independent. The radiation pattern is not that of a conventional two-arm spiral with differential feed but an omnidirectional pattern with a null in the zenith. The measured bandwidth is more than 5:1, therefore it is suitable for a mobile terminal for the coverage of several communication services at one time such as GSM, DCS1800, DECT and UMTS.
Diagnostic Implications of Elevated Levels of Smooth-Muscle Myosin Heavy-Chain Protein in Acute Aortic Dissection: The Smooth Muscle Myosin Heavy Chain Study (2000)

Levels of smooth-muscle myosin heavy-chain protein can be used to diagnose aortic dissection soon after symptom onset. The assay had the greatest diagnostic value in patients with proximal lesions.
P2X7 Receptor Inhibition Improves CD34 T-Cell Differentiation in HIV-Infected Immunological Nonresponders on c-ART (2016)

Peripheral CD4+ T-cell levels are not fully restored in a significant proportion of HIV+ individuals displaying long-term viral suppression on c-ART. These immunological nonresponders (INRs) have a higher risk of developing AIDS and non-AIDS events and a lower life expectancy than the general population, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We used an in vitro system to analyze the T- and B-cell potential of CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells. Comparisons of INRs with matched HIV+ patients with high CD4+ T-cell counts (immune responders (IRs)) revealed an impairment of the generation of T-cell progenitors, but not of B-cell progenitors, in INRs. This impairment resulted in the presence of smaller numbers of recent thymic emigrants (RTE) in the blood and lower peripheral CD4+ T-cell counts. We investigated the molecular pathways involved in lymphopoiesis, focusing particularly on T-cell fate specification (Notch pathway), survival (IL7R-IL7 axis) and death (Fas, P2X7, CD39/CD73). P2X7 expression was abnormally strong and there was no CD73 mRNA in the CD34+ cells of INRs, highlighting a role for the ATP pathway. This was confirmed by the demonstration that in vitro inhibition of the P2X7-mediated pathway restored the T-cell potential of CD34+ cells from INRs. Moreover, transcriptomic analysis revealed major differences in cell survival and death pathways between CD34+ cells from INRs and those from IRs. These findings pave the way for the use of complementary immunotherapies, such as P2X7 antagonists, to restore T-cell lymphopoiesis in INRs.
The response of human sulcular leucocytes to a chemotactic challenge (1981)

We monitored the in vivo response of human and rat crevicular leucocytes (CL) and fluid (CF) to a chemical challenge in an attempt to develop an in vivo chemotaxis assay. The mesial crevices of #21 and #22 of male dental students (mean GI = 0; crevice depth = 2.3 mm) were washed and air dried. The baseline values for CL (#num;21) and CF (#22) were recorded. CL were collected in 10 μI washes of the crevice and an aliquot immediately counted in a hemacytometer. CF was collected on filter paper strips and measured with a fluid meter. Casein, a nutrient and a standard in vitro chemo‐attractant was applied with a calibrated wire loop into each crevice. CL and CF were monitored 15 min later and at 5 min intervals up to 45 min. CL and CF peaked approximately 30 min after the casein challenge; both parameters returned to baseline rapidly thereafter. In rats, a dose‐response was obtained when concentrations of 0.01–4.0 mg casein/ml were applied to the gingival crevice. The maximum response of CL and CF occurred at 2.0 mg/ml. The application of buffer alone or Fab protein, which lacks chemotactic activity, produced no rise in CL and CF. We suggest that this crevicular technique can be used to monitor the in vivo response of subjects with defects in leucocyte chemotaxis.
The Importance of Micelle-Bound States for the Bioactivities of Bifunctional Peptide Derivatives for δ/μ Opioid Receptor Agonists and Neurokinin 1 Receptor Antagonists (2008)

To provide new insight into the determining factors of membrane-bound peptide conformation that might play an important role in peptide-receptor docking and further biological behaviors, the dodecylphosphocholine (DPC) micelle-bound conformations of bifunctional peptide derivatives of delta-preferring opioid agonists and NK1 antagonists (1: Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-Met-Pro-Leu-Trp-O-3,5-Bzl(CF 3) 2; 2: Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-Met-Pro-Leu-Trp-NH-3,5-Bzl(CF 3) 2; 3: Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-Met-Pro-Leu-Trp-NH-Bzl) were determined based on 2D NMR studies. Although the differences in the primary sequence were limited to the C-terminus, the obtained NMR conformations were unexpectedly different for each compound. Moreover, their biological activities showed different trends in direct relation to the compound-specific conformations in DPC micelles. The important result is that not only were the NK1 antagonist activities different (the pharmacophore located at the C-terminus)but the opioid agonist activities (this pharmacophore was at the structurally preserved N-terminus) also were shifted, suggesting that a general conformational change in the bioactive state was induced due to relatively small and limited structural modifications.
A mitochondria-localized two-photon fluorescent probe for ratiometric imaging of hydrogen peroxide in live tissue (2012)

We report a two-photon fluorescent probe (SHP-Mito) which can ratiometrically detect mitochondrial H(2)O(2) in live cells and intact tissues at >100 μm depth through the use of two-photon microscopy.
Definition of functional and antibody-binding sites on Kunitz soybean trypsin inhibitor isoforms using monoclonal antibodies (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleDefinition of functional and antibody-binding sites on Kunitz soybean trypsin inhibitor isoforms using monoclonal antibodiesDavid L. Brandon and Anne H. BatesCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1988, 36, 6, 1336–1341Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00084a053https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00084a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views78Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Long‐Acting Dihydropyridine Calcium Antagonists. Part 3. Synthesis and Structure‐Activity Relationships for a Series of 2‐((Heterocyclylmethoxy)methyl) Derivatives. (1990)

Abstract In order to prepare calcium antagonists of the dihydropyridine‐type, the authors develop the syntheses of various 2‐(heterocyclylmethoxy)methyldihydropyridine derivatives.
Magnetically filtered low-loss scanning electron microscopy (1990)

The resolution of the scanning electron microscope can be improved by mounting the sample in the high-field region of a condenser-objective lens. Low-loss electrons (LLEs) are scattered from the sample with an energy loss of less than a few percent of the incident energy. In the past, LLEs have been collected with a retarding-field energy filter. A way has been found to collect LLEs using a detector located within the magnetic field of the condenser-objective lens which provides the required energy-filtering action. This greatly simplifies the apparatus and makes it possible to obtain LLE images with less tilt of the specimen and with a higher beam energy than before.