gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functional analysis of the <i>Candida albicans ALS1</i> gene product (2004)

ALS1 encodes a cell surface protein that mediates adherence of Candida albicans to endothelial cells. The predicted Als1p has an N-terminal region, which contains a signal peptide; a middle region, which contains 20 36-amino acid tandem repeats; and a C-terminal region, which contains a glycosylphosphotidylinositol-anchorage sequence. We used site-directed mutagenesis to delineate the regions in Als1p required for endothelial cell adherence and cell surface expression of the protein. Mutant alleles of ALS1 containing either deletions or insertions were expressed in the normally non-adherent Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These transformants were analysed for endothelial cell adherence and cell surface expression of Als1p. We found that mutations centred around amino acid 285 in the N-terminus completely abolished adherence, but had no effect on cell surface expression of Als1p. Deletion of 15 of the tandem repeats reduced adherence by 50%, whereas deletion of all abolished adherence completely, even though cell surface expression of the N-terminus of Als1p was maintained. Insertions into the C-terminus at amino acids 413 and 254 upstream of the stop codon resulted in a modest loss of adherence, while cell surface expression of Als1p was maintained. An insertion at amino acid 249 in the C-terminus caused complete loss of both adherence and cell surface expression, even though the glycosylphosphotidylinositol-anchorage sequence remained intact. These data suggest a model of Als1p in which the endothelial cell binding region is localized within its N-terminus, the tandem repeats are essential for the proper presentation of the binding site, and the C-terminus is required for localizing Als1p to the cell surface.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydroformylation by Supported Aqueous‐Phase Catalysis: A New Class of Heterogeneous Catalysts. (1989)

ChemInformVolume 20, Issue 41 Preparative Organic Chemistry ChemInform Abstract: Hydroformylation by Supported Aqueous-Phase Catalysis: A New Class of Heterogeneous Catalysts. J. P. ARHANCET, J. P. ARHANCET Dep. Chem. Eng. Dep. Chem., Virginia Polytech. Inst. State Univ., Blacksburg, VA 24061, USASearch for more papers by this authorM. E. DAVIS, M. E. DAVIS Dep. Chem. Eng. Dep. Chem., Virginia Polytech. Inst. State Univ., Blacksburg, VA 24061, USASearch for more papers by this authorJ. S. MEROLA, J. S. MEROLA Dep. Chem. Eng. Dep. Chem., Virginia Polytech. Inst. State Univ., Blacksburg, VA 24061, USASearch for more papers by this authorB. E. HANSON, B. E. HANSON Dep. Chem. Eng. Dep. Chem., Virginia Polytech. Inst. State Univ., Blacksburg, VA 24061, USASearch for more papers by this author J. P. ARHANCET, J. P. ARHANCET Dep. Chem. Eng. Dep. Chem., Virginia Polytech. Inst. State Univ., Blacksburg, VA 24061, USASearch for more papers by this authorM. E. DAVIS, M. E. DAVIS Dep. Chem. Eng. Dep. Chem., Virginia Polytech. Inst. State Univ., Blacksburg, VA 24061, USASearch for more papers by this authorJ. S. MEROLA, J. S. MEROLA Dep. Chem. Eng. Dep. Chem., Virginia Polytech. Inst. State Univ., Blacksburg, VA 24061, USASearch for more papers by this authorB. E. HANSON, B. E. HANSON Dep. Chem. Eng. Dep. Chem., Virginia Polytech. Inst. State Univ., Blacksburg, VA 24061, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: October 10, 1989 https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.198941073AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume20, Issue41October 10, 1989 RelatedInformation
Bulk Manufacture of Concentrated Oxygen Gas‐Filled Microparticles for Intravenous Oxygen Delivery (2013)

Self-assembling, concentrated, lipid-based oxygen microparticles (LOMs) have been developed to administer oxygen gas when injected intravenously, preventing organ injury and death from systemic hypoxemia in animal models. Distinct from blood substitutes, LOMs are a one-way oxygen carrier designed to rescue patients who experience life-threatening hypoxemia, as caused by airway obstruction or severe lung injury. Here, we describe methods to manufacture large quantities of LOMs using an in-line, recycling, high-shear homogenizer, which can create up to 4 liters of microparticle emulsion in 10 minutes, with particles containing a median diameter of 0.93 microns and 60 volume% of gas phase. Using this process, we screen 30 combinations of commonly used excipients for their ability to form stable LOMs. LOMs composed of DSPC and cholesterol in a 1:1 molar ratio are stable for a 100 day observation period, and the number of particles exceeding 10 microns in diameter does not increase over time. When mixed with blood in vitro, LOMs fully oxygenate blood within 3.95 seconds of contact, and do not cause hemolysis or complement activation. LOMs can be manufactured in bulk by high shear homogenization, and appear to have a stability and size profile which merit further testing.
Hypochlorite scavenging activity of cerium oxide nanoparticles (2016)

In this report, we provide evidence that specific synthesis of cerium oxide nanoparticles can scavenge the hypochlorite anion, which is a strong extracellular oxidant involved in the inflammatory processes.
Characterization and modeling of the nitrogen passivation of interface traps in SiO2/4H–SiC (2003)

The relationship between nitrogen content and interface trap density (Dit) in SiO2/4H–SiC near the conduction band has been quantitatively determined. Nitridation using NO significantly reduces Dit near the conduction band, but the effect saturates after ≈2.5×1014 cm−2 of nitrogen. These results are consistent with a model of the interface in which defects such as carbon clusters or silicon suboxide states produce traps with energies corresponding to the sizes of the defects. Nitrogen passivation results in the dissolution of the defects, which then lowers the energies of the traps in the band gap.
Y-type polarization beam splitter based on polarization-selective defects within crystal waveguides in a square-lattice photonic crystal with solid rods (2015)

We propose a Y-type polarization beam splitter based on internal polarization-selective defects within crystal waveguides in a two-dimensional square-lattice photonic crystal with solid rods. When the nonpolarized light launches from the input port, different polarizations will be separated and can only transmit through their own channel. It is demonstrated by finite element method that the proposed structure can achieve good performance for both the transverse electric and transverse magnetic polarizations in a wide range of wavelength, with the polarization extinction ratio more than 25 dB, the degree of polarization nearly 1, and the insert loss less than 0.5 dB, respectively.
An improved kit formulation of a dopamine transporter imaging agent: [Tc-99m]TRODAT-1 (1999)

Recently, [Tc-99m]TRODAT-1, the first Tc-99m-labeled tracer for imaging CNS dopamine transporters in humans, was reported. This tracer displayed excellent specific binding to dopamine transporters in the basal ganglia region of the brain, thus it is potentially useful for the diagnosis of deficit of dopamine transporters in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease. Preparation of [Tc-99m]TRODAT-1 was previously achieved by a multistep kit formulation. It is highly desirable to further improve the preparation by developing a simplified one-vial formulation with a reduced amount of TRODAT-1 ligand for routine clinical use. To achieve this goal, a series of studies to optimize labeling efficiency by varying a combination of factors (amount of free ligand, reaction reagents, and reaction pH) was carried out. [Tc-99m]TRODAT-1 prepared by this new kit formulation was evaluated by assessing the brain uptake and target (striatum) versus nontarget (cerebellum) ratios in rats. Appropriate amounts of various ingredients for a one-vial kit formulation providing > or =90% radiolabeling yields were identified. The most consistent and reliable formulation contained 10 microg of TRODAT-1 (a reduction of free ligand from 200 microg to 10 microg), 32 microg of SnCl2, 10 mg of sodium glucoheptonate, and 840 microg of disodium EDTA in one vial as a lyophilized kit. It is feasible to reconstitute the vial with [Tc-99m]pertechnetate (0.5-2 mL, < or =1110 MBq, 30 mCi), resulting in a final solution with a pH value of 4.5-5.0. [Tc-99m]TRODAT-1, prepared by this new kit, was stable at room temperature for 6 h. Biodistribution studies of this agent in rats with the new formulation showed similar regional brain distribution as compared with those obtained with the previous preparation (high striatum-to-cerebellum ratio). In conclusion, using this lyophilized one-vial kit formulation, [Tc-99m]TRODAT-1 can be prepared with greater than 90% radiochemical purity. This simplified kit will significantly improve the reliability of preparation of this agent for routine clinical use.
Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Nanostructured Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/SWNT Electrode: Binder‐Free and High‐Rate Li‐Ion Anode (Adv. Mater. 20/2010) (2010)

A flexible carbon nanotube net is employed to demonstrate high capacity/high volume expansion materials for Li-ion battery electrodes, as presented by A. C. Dillon et al. on page E145. An electrode, with well over twice the capacity of the state-of-the-art technology, charges and discharges in 12 minutes without significant capacity fade. These advancements, funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies Program, will help enable next generation electric vehicles.
Seroprotective Groups of Lyme Borreliosis Spirochetes from North America and Europe (1994)

Five distinct seroprotective groups among North American and European isolates of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia garinii, and Borrelia afzelii have been identified using the in vitro borreliacidal assay. The predominant North American seroprotective group comprised isolate 297 and B. burgdorferi isolates from California, Illinois, Wisconsin, New York, and Texas. A second group was represented by isolate C-1-11. The majority of European isolates belonged to a seroprotective group composed of B. garinii. Another European group contained isolates classified genetically as genospecies group VS461 (B. afzelii). A fifth group, represented by isolate LV5, could kill both North American and European isolates of B. burgdorferi sensu lato. These results suggest that combinations of immunogenic protective proteins of spirochetes will be necessary to provide a comprehensive vaccine.
Carbon Nanotubes as a Framework for High-Aspect-Ratio MEMS Fabrication (2009)

A class of carbon-nanotube (CNT) composite materials was developed to take advantage of the precise high-aspect-ratio shape of patterned vertically grown nanotube forests. These patterned forests were rendered mechanically robust by chemical vapor infiltration and released by etching an underlying sacrificial layer. We fabricated a diverse variety of functional MEMS devices, including cantilevers, bistable mechanisms, and thermomechanical actuators, using this technique. A wide range of chemical-vapor-depositable materials could be used as fillers; here, we specifically explored infiltration by silicon and silicon nitride. The CNT framework technique may enable high-aspect-ratio MEMS fabrication from a variety of materials with desired properties such as high-temperature stability or robustness. The elastic modulus of the silicon-nanotube and silicon nitride-nanotube composites is dominated by the filler material, but they remain electrically conductive, even when the filler (over 99% of the composite's mass) is insulating.
GaAs bipolar integrated circuit technology (1980)

Gallium arsenide npn transistors were fabricated successfully by ion implant techniques. The transistors showed normal current gain of 20 ∼ 25 with the substrate used as collector, and inverted current gain of 5 ∼ 6 with the substrate used as emitter. By combining ion implanted resistors and using the transistors operated in the inverted model, it is possible to design and fabricate I <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> L-like integrated circuits simply.
Influence on Stability in <i>Escherichia coli</i> of the Carboxy-Terminal Structure of Cloned Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Reverse Transcriptase (1986)

We have cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli a section of the Moloney murine leukemia virus (Mo-MLV) pol gene which includes the entire coding region of mature reverse transcriptase (RT) plus 284 additional base pairs 3' to the coding region (Kotewicz et al., 1985). To prepare cloned Mo-MLV RT as close as possible to authentic RT in structure and activity, the universal terminator sequence GC(TTAA)3GC was introduced at a number of positions inside and outside the RT coding region within 200 nucleotides of its 3' end. The level of RT activity expressed from these constructs varied sevenfold. This variation was found to be directly related to the stability of the RT protein products in the E. coli K-12 strain K802; half-lives varied from 2 to 35 min. The stability of most of the RT proteins was not increased in E. coli K802 lon- cells, with the exception of two, whose half-lives were increased by a factor of two.
Concurrent quantitative laser-induced incandescence and SMPS measurements of EGR effects on particulate emissions from a TDI Diesel engine (2002)

A comparison of scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and laser-induced incandescence (LII) measurements of diesel particulate matter (PM) was performed. The results reveal the significance of the aggregate nature of diesel PM on interpretation of size and volume fraction measurements obtained with an SMPS, and the accuracy of primary particle size measurements by LII. Volume fraction calculations based on the mobility diameter measured by the SMPS substantially over-predict the space-filling volume fraction of the PM. Correction algorithms for the SMPS measurements, to account for the fractal nature of the aggregate morphology, result in a substantial reduction in the reported volume. The behavior of the particulate volume fraction, mean and standard deviation of the mobility diameter, and primary particle size are studied as a function of the EGR for a range of steady-state engine speeds and loads for a turbocharged direct-injection diesel engine. Both the SMPS and LII techniques demonstrate good repeatability and consistency with each other. Increasing the EGR results in a sharp rise in the volume fraction of particulates for all engine speeds and loads. At all speed and load conditions the primary particle size decreases with increasing EGR.
QuickInsights (2019)

Discovering interesting data patterns is a common and important analytical need in data, with increasing user demand for automated discovery abilities. However, automatically discovering interesting patterns from multi-dimensional data remains challenging. Existing techniques focus on mining individual types of patterns. There is a lack of unified formulation for different pattern types, as well as general mining frameworks to derive them effectively and efficiently. We present a novel technique QuickInsights, which quickly and automatically discovers interesting patterns from multi-dimensional data. QuickInsights proposes a unified formulation of interesting patterns, called insights, and designs a systematic mining framework to discover high-quality insights efficiently. We demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of QuickInsights through our evaluation on 447 real datasets as well as user studies on both expert users and non-expert users. QuickInsights is released in Microsoft Power BI.
Multiplexed Capillary Zone Electrophoresis and Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography with Internal Standardization (1999)

Although liquid chromatography and gas chromatography are the main workhorses in the analytical laboratory, samples can only be analyzed consecutively in an instrument. In this study, capillary zone electrophoresis and micellar electrokinetic chromatography separations are performed in a 96-capillary array system with laser-induced fluorescence detection. Migration times of four kinds of fluoresceins and six polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are normalized to one of the capillaries using two internal standards. The relative standard deviations after normalization are 0.6-1.4% for the fluoresceins and 0.1-1.5% for the PAHs. Quantitative calibration of the separations based on peak areas is also performed, again with substantial improvement over the raw data. This opens up the possibility of performing massively parallel separations for high-throughput chemical analysis for process monitoring, combinatorial synthesis, and clinical diagnosis.
Performance evaluation of a high-resolution parallel-plate differential mobility analyzer (2008)

Abstract. A high-resolution differential mobility analyzer (DMA), specially designed for (i) the measurement of ion mobility spectra, and (ii) the generation of a continuous stream of monomobile ions, has been developed and tested. The apparatus consists of two parallel-plate electrodes between which an electric field is applied. The test ion stream flows into the instrument through a narrow rectangular slit made in one of the electrodes, and migrates toward the other electrode driven by the applied field, while being transported by a stream of clean air which flows parallel to the plates at Reynolds number between 2×104 and 9×104 in laminar flow conditions. The collector electrode contains also a narrow slit through which ions of the desired mobility are withdrawn out of DMA. The classified ion current is measured with a high-sensitivity electrometer having a noise level around 0.1 fA. The theory behind the DMA operation is first discussed, focusing on the special case of parallel-plate geometry. Some generic results showing the stability and repeatability of the measurements and the resolving power of the instrument are presented next. The last part of the paper deals with the application of the apparatus to the study of the effect of humidity and aging time on the mobility spectra of air ions generated by a low-activity 241Am source.
Filtering schemes for the window-time space flow control (WTFC) (2002)

Using the window-time (WT) plane, determined by the total network capacity point, a window-time space flow control (WTFC) algorithm is utilized to estimate a transmitter's optimal packet sending rate. In this paper, the filtering mechanisms needed to achieve WTFC feedback stability are presented. The post-filtering approach appears to be more convenient for WTFC, and two algorithms are applied: packet sending-rate slowdown and period filtering. Both algorithms are made adaptive with regard to the bandwidth-delay product of the path. Filtering parameters are tuned experimentally. Simulation measurement results are presented and analyzed.
Chlordetect: Commercial Calcium Aluminate Based Conductimetric Sensor for Chloride Presence Detection (2017)

Chloride presence affects different environments (soil, water, concrete) decreasing their qualities. In order to assess chloride concentration this paper proposes a novel sensor for detecting and measuring it. This sensor is based on electric changes of commercial monocalcium aluminate (CA) when it interacts with chloride aqueous solutions. CA is used as a dielectric material between two coplanar capacitors. The geometry proposed for this sensor allows to assess the chloride content profile, or to make four times the same measurement. Besides, the experimental design gives us the possibility of study not just the chloride effect, but also the time and some geometric effects due to the sensor design. As a result, this sensor shows a limit of detection, sensitivity, and response time: 0.01 wt % Cl<sup>-</sup> and 0.06 wt % Cl<sup>-</sup>, and 2 min, respectively, comparable with other non invasive techniques as optical fibre sensors.
SULFATE RESISTANCE OF CONCRETE CONTAINING FLY ASH. DURABILITY OF CONCRETE. G.M. IDORN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, 1990 ANNUAL ACI CONVENTION, TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA (1992)

In order to clarify the effect fo different types of fly ash on concrete exposed to sulfates, a research project is currently being conducted utilizing fly ash from 15 different sources. These fly ashes include sources from bituminous, subbituminous and lignite coal powered electric generating plants that generally conform to the requirements of ASTM C 618, Class F or C fly ash. The fly ashes are categorized by both chemical and mineralogical phase composition. A Type II portland cement is bieng used with a fly ash replacement level of 35 percent by volume. The sulfate exposure test consists of concrete cylinders soaling in a ten percent sodium sulfate solution. Performance is measured by mass loss, expansion and visual inspection of concrete specimens.
A PCR‐based method for uniform <sup>13</sup>C/<sup>15</sup>N labeling of long DNA oligomers (1998)

A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method is described for uniform 13C/15N labeling of DNA duplexes. In this method, multiple copies of a blunt-ended duplex are cloned into a plasmid with each copy containing the sequence of interest and the restriction HincII sequences at the 5' and 3' ends. PCR with uniformly 13C/15N-labeled dNTP precursors results in a labeled DNA duplex containing multiple copies of the sequence of interest. Use of bi-directional primers, instead of self-priming [Louis et al. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 2374-2378], produces a DNA fragment of unique length. Twenty-four cycles of PCR of this purified product followed by restriction and purification gives (with 30% yield) the uniformly 13C/15N-labeled duplex sequence for multi-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.