gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimal Basis For Ultrasound Rf Apertures: Applications to Real-Time Compression and Beamforming (2023)

Modern medical ultrasound machines produce enormous amounts of data, as much as several gigabytes/sec in some systems. The challenges of generating, storing, processing and reproducing such voluminous data has motivated researchers to search for a feasible compression scheme for the received ultrasound radio frequency (RF) signals. Most of this work has concentrated on the digitized data available after sampling and A/D conversion. We are interested in the possibility of compression implemented directly on the received analog RF signals; hence, we focus on compression of the set of signals in a single receive aperture. We first investigate the model-free approaches to compression that have been proposed by previous researchers that involve applications of some of the well-known signal processing tools like Principal Component Analysis (PCA), wavelets, Fourier Transform, etc. We also consider Bandpass Prolate Spheroidal Functions (BPSFs) in this study. Then we consider the derivation of the optimal basis for the RF signals assuming a white noise model for spatial inhomogeneity field in tissue. We first derive an expression for the (time and space) autocorrelation function of the set of signals received in a linear aperture. This is then used to find the autocorrelation's eigenfunctions, which form an optimal basis for minimum mean-square error compression of the aperture signal set. We show that computation of the coefficients of the signal set with respect to the basis is approximated by calculation of real and imaginary part of the Fourier Series coefficients for the received signal at each aperture element, with frequencies slightly scaled by aperture position, followed by linear combinations of corresponding frequency components across the aperture. The combination weights at each frequency are determined by the eigenvectors of a matrix whose entries are averaged cross-spectral coefficients of the received signal set at that frequency. The principal eigenvector generates a combination that corresponds to a variation on the standard delay-and-sum beamformed aperture center line, while the combinations from other eigenvectors represent aperture information that is not contained in the beamformed line. We then consider how to use the autocorrelation's eigenfunctions and eigenvalues to generate a linear minimum mean-square error beamformer for the center line of each aperture. Finally, we compare the performances of the optimal compression basis and to that of the 2D Fourier Transform.
BET protein inhibitor apabetalone (RVX-208) suppresses pro-inflammatory hyper-activation of monocytes from patients with cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes (2020)

Monocytes isolated from DM2 + CVD patients receiving standard of care therapies are in a hyper-inflammatory state and hyperactive upon IFNγ stimulation. Apabetalone treatment diminishes this pro-inflammatory phenotype, providing mechanistic insight into how BET protein inhibition may reduce CVD risk in DM2 patients.
Optimizing two stage bigram language models for IR (2010)

Although higher order language models (LMs) have shown benefit of capturing word dependencies for Information retrieval(IR), the tuning of the increased number of free parameters remains a formidable engineering challenge. Consequently,in many real world retrieval systems, applying higher order LMs is an exception rather than the rule. In this study, we address the parameter tuning problem using a framework based on a linear ranking model in which different component models are incorporated as features. Using unigram and bigram LMs with 2 stage smoothing as examples, we show that our method leads to a bigram LM that outperforms significantly its unigram counterpart and the well-tuned BM25 model.
Wavelet packet based transient signal classification (2003)

Nonstationary signals are not well suited for detection and classification by traditional Fourier methods. An alternate means of analysis needs to be used so that valuable time-frequency information is not lost. The wavelet packet transform is one such time-frequency analysis tool. The authors summarize efforts which examine the feasibility of applying the wavelet packet transform to automatic transient signal classification through the development of a classification algorithm for biologically generated underwater acoustic signals in ocean noise. The formulation of a wavelet-packet based feature set specific to the classification of snapping shrimp and whale clicks is given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Shaping the future of nanoelectronics beyond the Si roadmap with new materials and devices (2010)

The use of high mobility channel materials such as Ge and III/V compounds for CMOS applications is being explored. The introduction of these new materials also opens the path towards the introduction of novel device structures which can be used to lower the supply voltage and reduce the power consumption. The results illustrate the possibilities that are created by the combination of new materials and devices to allow scaling of nanoelectronics beyond the Si roadmap.
Mutation Drivers of Immunological Responses to Cancer (2016)

In cancer immunology, somatic missense mutations have been mostly studied with regard to their role in the generation of neoantigens. However, growing evidence suggests that mutations in certain genes, such as CASP8 or TP53, influence the immune response against a tumor by other mechanisms. Identifying these genes and mechanisms is important because, just as the identification of cancer driver genes led to the development of personalized cancer therapies, a comprehensive catalog of such cancer immunity drivers will aid in the development of therapies aimed at restoring antitumor immunity. Here, we present an algorithm, domainXplorer, that can be used to identify potential cancer immunity drivers. To demonstrate its potential, we used it to analyze a dataset of 5,164 tumor samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and to identify protein domains in which mutation status correlates with the presence of immune cells in cancer tissue (immune infiltrate). We identified 122 such protein regions, including several that belong to proteins with known roles in immune response, such as C2, CD163L1, or FCγR2A. In several cases, we show that mutations within the same protein can be associated with more or less immune cell infiltration, depending on the specific domain mutated. These results expand the catalog of potential cancer immunity drivers and highlight the importance of taking into account the structural context of somatic mutations when analyzing their potential association with immune phenotypes. Cancer Immunol Res; 4(9); 789-98. ©2016 AACR.
The Detection of Pyrogens in Blood Products Using an<i>Ex Vivo</i>Whole Blood Culture Assay (1998)

Induction of interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion by whole blood cultures (WBC) was used as an in vitro assay system for pyrogen-induced inflammatory reactions. The assay system was very sensitive to Eschericia coli (E coli) endotoxin (< 10 pg/ml). The potential pyrogenic effects of human serum albumin (HSA), Fibronectin (Fn) and stabilised human serum (SHS) solutions were analyzed using this system. None of the products assayed had an effect on the sensitivity of the WBC assay. Spike recovery studies with isolated endotoxin, gram positive and gram negative bacteria showed that none of the products had an effect on the spike recovery of these pyrogenic substances. Good correlations were found between the WBC assay and the rabbit assay for pyrogens for all the production batches tested. When these samples were analysed by the limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) assay, the LAL test gave anomalous results for 1 out of the 22 production batches tested. This batch gave a false negative result on the LAL assay and might be indicative of the inability of the LAL assay to detect pyrogens other than endotoxin.
Time‐lapse processing: A North Sea case study (1998)

Next No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1998Time‐lapse processing: A North Sea case studyAuthors: P. E. HarrisB. HenryP. E. HarrisCompagnie Générale de Géophysique and B. HenryCompagnie Générale de Géophysiquehttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820336 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820336FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited By6. The Road Ahead21 March 2010Seismic inversion tracks in situ combustion: A case study from Balol oil field, IndiaGEOPHYSICS, Vol. 74, No. 44D seismic time-lapse monitoring of an active cold vent, northern Cascadia margin5 January 2008 | Marine Geophysical Researches, Vol. 28, No. 4A case history of time-lapse 3D seismic surveys at Cold Lake, Alberta, CanadaGEOPHYSICS, Vol. 71, No. 4Seismic preprocessing and amplitude cross-calibration for a time-lapse amplitude study on seismic data from the Oseberg reservoirGeophysical Prospecting, Vol. 53, No. 2Optimizing 4D fluid imaging1 January 2003 | Petroleum Geoscience, Vol. 9, No. 14D using legacy seismic data on the Alwyn North Oil Field1 January 2003 | Petroleum Geoscience, Vol. 9, No. 1Cross‐equalization data processing for time‐lapse seismic reservoir monitoring: A case study from the Gulf of MexicoGEOPHYSICS, Vol. 66, No. 4Time‐lapse seismic reservoir monitoringGEOPHYSICS, Vol. 66, No. 1 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1998ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1998 Pages: 2092 publication data© 1998 Copyright © 1998 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 06 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION P. E. Harris and B. Henry, (1998), "Time‐lapse processing: A North Sea case study," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820336 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Ghrelin, a Novel Growth Hormonereleasing Peptide, in the Treatment of Cardiopulmonaryassociated Cachexia (2006)

Ghrelin is a novel growth hormone (GH)-releasing peptide, isolated from the stomach, which has been identified as an endogenous ligand for GH secretagogue receptor. The discovery of ghrelin indicates that the release of GH from the pituitary might be regulated not only by hypothalamic GH-releasing hormone, but also by ghrelin derived from the stomach. This peptide also stimulates food intake and induces adiposity through GH-independent mechanisms. In addition, ghrelin acts directly on the central nervous system to decrease sympathetic nerve activity. Thus, ghrelin plays important roles for maintaining GH release and energy homeostasis. Repeated administration of ghrelin improves body composition, muscle wasting, functional capacity, and sympathetic augmentation in cachectic patients with heart failure or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. These results suggest that ghrelin has anti-cachectic effects through GH-dependent and independent mechanisms. Thus, administration of ghrelin may be a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cardiopulmonary-associated cachexia.
Kinetically controlled way to create highly uniform mono-dispersed ZnO sub-microrods for electronics (2012)

Highly uniform mono-dispersed ZnO sub-microrods were synthesized under the condition of a limited injection of Zn divalent ions into an aqueous solution of hexamethylenetetramine at 85 °C. The mechanisms governing the initial seed formation and growth of the ZnO sub-microrods were revealed as an oriented aggregation and classical growth, respectively, from an analytic observation with a high-resolution transmission electron microscope. To demonstrate the capability and possibility of forming uniform microrods for electronic applications, a monolayer of thermally annealed rods was produced on a flexible substrate.
Oxidative stress and vascular damage in hypertension (2001)

Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine and the Atlanta Veterans Administration Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Correspondence and requests for reprints to David G. Harrison MD, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1639 Pierce Drive, 319 WMB, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. Tel: +1 404 727 3710; fax: +1 404 727 3585; e-mail: [email protected]
Comparing Laser Desorption/Laser Ionization Mass Spectra of Asphaltenes and Model Compounds (2010)

The molecular-mass distribution of the asphaltene fraction of petroleum is rapidly becoming more constrained, but the molecular architecture remains poorly understood. Two types of molecular structures have been proposed to be representative of asphaltenes: the “island” model and the “archipelago” model. Here, nine compounds were synthesized on the basis of pyrene, representing both types of models. These compounds were analyzed using two-step laser desorption/laser ionization mass spectrometry (L2MS), and the compounds were classified into three groups based on their fragmentation behavior in this typically soft ionization technique. The first two groups, denoted “highly fragmented” and “variably fragmented”, include eight of the nine studied compounds. The masses of fragment ions from the “highly fragmented” group were too small for these specific compounds to dominate the asphaltenes. The fragmentation behavior of the variably fragmented group was inconsistent with L2MS spectra of asphaltene samples; thus, these specific compounds can be excluded from being dominant in asphaltenes. The third group, “highly stable”, contains a single model compound with properties in the aromatics class fraction and exhibits a behavior consistent with previously observed asphaltene samples, namely, inappreciable fragmentation as a function of laser pulse energy used. Although suggestive, no definitive conclusion can be reached as to the dominant molecular architecture of asphaltenes without the study of how more model compounds behave under L2MS.
Preparation of Leukocyte-Poor Platelet Concentrates fromBuffy Coats (1987)

Six citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD)-saline adenine glucose mannitol (SAG M) quadruple systems were evaluated for the preparation and storage of leukocyte-poor platelet concentrates (PC) from buffy coats. The platelet storage bags examined were manufactured from normal polyvinylchloride (PVC) or special-type plastics. Biotest supplied PVC 76 (n=14) and PVC 763 (n=16) NPBI supplied PSV 3277 (n=15) and DPL-110 (n=14) and Terumo supplied Teruflex (n=18) and molded Teruflex (n=14). The PC were stored for 7 days at 22 °C on a horizontally shaking platform. Cell counts. pH. PO(2), PCO(2), morphology score and swirling patterns were monitored at 5, 72, 120 and 168 h. The plasma volumes averaged 63 ml and ranged from 39 to 81ml, the overall mean ±SD platelet concentration was 0.89±0.33 x 10^9/ml. None of the PC had a leukoyte count higher than 10x10^6 per unit. After storage for 168 h, the pH ranged from 6.56 to 7.40 for all brands. The PO(2) remained stable and even rose significantly (p<0.05) during storage in the NPBI PSV 3277 and Terumo molded Teruflex bags. The PCO(2) decreased equally in all bags. Morphology scores were well maintained in 98% of all PC for up to 120 h, and in 83% at 168 h. A swirling pattern score of 2.5 or greater predicted with a specificity of 100% a good morphology score in the PC. We conclude that PC prepared from buffy coats can be stored at 22 °C for up to 7 days. It is postulated that because the PC were leukocyte-poor, the quality of the platelets was not influenced by the brand, or type of plastic in which they were stored.
Parallel routing algorithms in Benes-Clos networks (2002)

A new parallel algorithm for route assignments in Benes-Clos (1962, 1953) networks is studied. Most known sequential route assignment algorithms, such as the looping algorithm, are designed for circuit switching systems where the switching configuration can be rearranged at relatively low speed. In packet switching systems, switch fabrics must be able to provide internally conflict-free paths simultaneously, and accommodate packets requesting connections in real time as they arrive at the inputs. In this paper, we develop a parallel routing algorithm for Benes networks by solving a set of Boolean equations which are derived from the connection requests and the symmetric structure of the networks. Our approach can handle partial permutations easily. The time complexity of our algorithm is O(log/sup 2/ N), where N is the network size. We also extend the algorithm and show that it can be applied to the Clos networks if the number of central modules is M=2/sup m/, where m is a positive integer. The time complexity is O(log N/spl times/log M) in this case.
A Study of the Contraceptive Knowledge, Perception of Criminal Abortion and Sexual Behavior in Female College Students (2019)

본 연구는 여대생의 피임지식, 인공임신중절 인식과 성 행태를 규명해 보기 위해 수행되었다. 자료는 2017년 5월 16일부터 6월 14일까지 B 광역시와 K시의 여대생 201명으로부터 수집되었으며 수집된 자료는 t-test와 ANOVA, χ2-test로 분석하였다. 대상자의 피임지식 정도는 성 교육을 받은 경험에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었다. 인공임신중절 인식은 80.6%에서 어떠한 경우에도 절대로 허용하면 안 된다고 생각하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 성 행동 허용수준 정도는 종교, 성 교육을 받은 경험에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 성행위에 대한 인식 정도는 부모의 성에 대한 태도에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었다. 따라서 여대생의 피임지식 및 인공임신중절 인식을 높여주기 위한 구체적이고 체계적인 성 교육 프로그램을 개발하고 프로그램의 효과 검증이 필요하다.This study was conducted to investigate the contraceptive knowledge, perception of artificial abortion and sexual behaviors among female nursing college students. Data were collected from 201 female nursing college students in B metropolitan city, K city. The data were collected from May, 16 to June, 15, 2014 and analysed using t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe s test, χ2-test. The results showed that contraceptive knowledge was average 9.94. In perception of artificial abortion, 80.6% of participants answered no about the question of premarital pregnancy and artificial abortion. First sexual intercourse age was average 19.8 years old. 25.9% of participants had the contraception experience. There were significant difference between the contraceptive knowledge and sex education experience, Moreover, the perception on the permission of sexual behaviors differed from religion, sex education experience. The perception on the sexual behavior of the subjects significantly differed from sex attitude of parents. Therefore, To give concrete and increase the knowledge of contraception and abortion recognized nursing college student needs to develop a systematic program of sex education programs are effective verification.
Mitochondria in precision medicine; linking bioenergetics and metabolomics in platelets (2019)

Mitochondria possess reserve bioenergetic capacity, supporting protection and resilience in the face of disease. Approaches are limited to understand factors that impact mitochondrial functional reserve in humans. We applied the mitochondrial stress test (MST) to platelets from healthy subjects and found correlations between energetic parameters and mitochondrial function. These parameters were not correlated with mitochondrial complex I-IV activities, however, suggesting that other factors affect mitochondrial bioenergetics and metabolism. Platelets from African American patients with sickle cell disease also differed from controls, further showing that other factors impact mitochondrial bioenergetics and metabolism. To test for correlations of platelet metabolites with energetic parameters, we performed an integrated analysis of metabolomics and MST parameters. Subsets of metabolites, including fatty acids and xenobiotics correlated with mitochondrial parameters. The results establish platelets as a platform to integrate bioenergetics and metabolism for analysis of mitochondrial function in precision medicine.
The republic, the federation and the intrusion of the political (1996)

(1996). The republic, the federation and the intrusion of the political. Journal of Australian Studies: Vol. 20, Vox Reipublicae: Feminism and the Republic, pp. 5-15.
Atomic‐Order Thermal Nitridation of Silicon at Low Temperatures (1998)

Atomic‐order nitridation of Si(100) in an environment (124–1400 Pa) at 300–650°C has been investigated using an ultraclean low pressure hot‐wall reactor system. At 500°C or higher, the N atom concentration (nN) initially increases and tends to saturate to a certain value . At 400°C or lower, on the H‐terminated Si surface, the Si‐hydride decreases with increasing exposure time and becomes hardly observed when nN reaches nearly to the surface Si atom concentration . On the H‐free Si surface, nN increases up to with the appearance of the Si‐hydride instantly after exposure. It is expected that dissociatively adsorbs on the Si dangling bonds. It is found that nN is well described by Langmuir‐type physical adsorption and reaction of on the Si surface. The ultrathin nitride film shows very good characteristics as a mask against oxidation.
Unweaving the rainbow: a review of the relationship between single-walled carbon nanotube molecular structures and their chemical reactivity (2012)

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are a fundamental family of distinct molecules, each bearing the possibility of different reactivities due to their intrinsically distinct chemical properties. SWNT syntheses generate a heterogeneous mixture of species with varying electronic character, lengths, diameters and helicities, (n,m), as well as other amorphous, graphitic and metal catalyst impurities. In recent years, selective syntheses and post-synthetic separation strategies have advanced, driven by the requirement for pure SWNTs displaying particular features. Covalent surface modifications are widely-used to adapt SWNTs for specific applications with modified solubility, compatibility and specific functionalities. In many cases, such reactions have been found to be selective, illuminating the fundamentally distinct chemistry of each (n,m) species. This differential reactivity has found immediate utility in facilitating the sorting of nanotubes according to specific diameter, electronic properties and, most importantly, helicity. In this tutorial review, we discuss a wide range of selective reactions, the mechanisms that are thought to govern selectivity, and the challenges of separating, characterising and regenerating the modified SWNTs.
Seamless Handover for High-Speed Trains Using Femtocell-Based Multiple Egress Network Interfaces (2014)

High-speed rail systems are becoming increasingly popular among long-distance travelers. With the explosive growth in the number of mobile devices, the provision of high-quality telecommunication and Internet access services on high-speed trains is now a pressing problem. Network mobility (NEMO) has been proposed to enable a large number of mobile devices on a vehicle to access the Internet; however, several issues must be solved before it can be put into practice, e.g., frequent handovers, long handover latency, and poor quality of service. To resolve these problems, we propose an LTE femtocell-based network mobility scheme that uses multiple egress network interfaces to support seamless handover for high-speed rail systems called MEN-NEMO. The results of simulations show that the proposed MEN-NEMO scheme reduces the handover latency and transmission overhead of handover signaling substantially.
Effect of hydrogen plasma precleaning on the removal of interfacial amorphous layer in the chemical vapor deposition of microcrystalline silicon films on silicon oxide surface (1996)

Microcrystalline silicon(μc-Si) film deposited on silicon oxide in a remote plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RPECVD) with disilane (Si2H6) and silicon tetrafluoride (SiF4) has been investigated. It was found that in situ hydrogen plasma cleaning of the substrate prior to deposition is effective to reduce the interfacial amorphous transition region. It is believed that hydrogen plasma cleaning generated adsorption and nucleation sites by breaking weak Si–O and Si–Si bonds and also removed oxygen/carbon impurity. Surface roughening was observed from the hydrogen plasma precleaning which helped nucleation and crystallization at the initial stage of the growth.