gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Administration of the vasopressin analog desmopressin for the management of bleeding in rectal cancer patients: results of a phase I/II trial (2020)

Purpose The vasopressin analog desmopressin (dDAVP) is known to increase plasma levels of hemostatic factors, and preclinical studies in colorectal cancer models have demonstrated that it hampers tumor vascularization and metastatic progression. We evaluated safety and preliminary efficacy of dDAVP in rectal cancer patients with bleeding, before receiving specific oncologic treatment with surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Methods Patients with rectal cancer having moderate or severe rectal bleeding were enrolled in an open-label, dose-finding trial. Intravenous infusions of dDAVP were administered during two consecutive days in doses from 0.25 to 2.0 µg/kg, using single or twice daily regimen. Bleeding was graded using a score based on the Chutkan scale and tumor perfusion was evaluated by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Results The trial accrued a total of 32 patients. Dose-limiting toxicity occurred in patients receiving 1 µg/kg or higher. The most prominent treatment-related severe adverse event was hyponatremia. Most patients receiving the maximum tolerated dose of 0.5 µg/kg showed at least a partial hemostatic response and 58% developed a complete response with absence of bleeding at day 4 and/or at the last follow-up at day 14. Tumor perfusion was decreased in two-thirds of patients after dDAVP treatment. Conclusions dDAVP appeared as a promising hemostatic agent in rectal cancer patients with bleeding. Randomized clinical trials to confirm its effectiveness are warranted.Clinical trial registration www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT01623206.
Porcine pilot study of MRI-guided HIFU treatment for neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) (2012)

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) occurs in 15% of premature babies and 50% of IVH cases progress to posthemorrhagic ventricular dilation due to large blood clots forming in the ventricles. Existing treatments such as tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and surgical intervention have severe side effects in paediatric patients that include excessive bleeding and complications. This study investigates the feasibility of MR-HIFU for sonothrombolysis of blood clots from IVH using natural acoustic windows, known as fontanelles, in the skulls of newborns. The study involved 2 elements: a phantom study to examine beam limitations and acoustic properties, and an in-vivo porcine study. A phantom skull was created from sample patient data and was used to analyze reachability of the Philips Sonavelle system. Acoustic measurements of the phantom (attenuation of 5-14 dB and speed of sound of 1722-2965 m/s) indicated the phantom effectively mimics neonatal skull bone. For the ex-vivo studies, a porcine clot was created and sonicated for 5 mins at 500W with a 0.5% duty cycle. For the in-vivo experiment, a vertex craniotomy was performed and porcine blood was injected into the lateral ventricle under ultrasound guidance. Sonication using the prior parameters induced cavitation and post-sonication T1 and T2 images verified clot lysis. Further H&E analysis showed no presence of blood in the ventricles. These positive results show that MR-HIFU has potential as a noninvasive tool for sonothrombolysis of neonatal IVH clots.
Reshaping Data with the<b>reshape</b>Package (2007)

This paper presents the reshape package for R, which provides a common framework for many types of data reshaping and aggregation. It uses a paradigm of 'melting' and 'casting', where the data are 'melted' into a form which distinguishes measured and identifying variables, and then 'cast' into a new shape, whether it be a data frame, list, or high dimensional array. The paper includes an introduction to the conceptual framework, practical advice for melting and casting, and a case study.
Electronic imaging of fingermarks (1995)

Operational use of the crime scene and laboratory based electronic imaging systems have saved considerable time in the capture of weakly fluorescing fingermarks. The high sensitivity of the camera has allowed us to use low transmission and narrow band interference filters for further reducing the background signal. Observation of captured fingermark images at crime scenes has made immediate evaluation of a mark possible. Combined with image transfer methods it has become possible to send images directly to remote AFR systems. In some cases, image processing methods have been successfully used to enhance fingermark images where the original was not suitable for identification purposes. Although in many instances conventional photography is still the most inexpensive and efficient method of image capture, the systems described here are currently used as a supplement to photography and they have improved the detection of evidence.
The association of androgen deprivation therapy and anxiety among 78,000 patients with localized prostate cancer patients. (2017)

19 Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has been associated with cognitive and psychological effects, including depression. ADT may also cause an increased incidence of anxiety; however, most studies have not considered anxiety as an individual outcome. We aimed to determine if receipt of any ADT or longer duration of ADT for prostate cancer is associated with increasing risk of being diagnosed with anxiety. Methods: We identified 78,552 men over 65 with stage I-III prostate cancer using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare linked database from 1992-2006, excluding patients with psychiatric diagnoses within the prior year. Our primary analysis was the association of pharmacologic ADT with the diagnosis of anxiety using Cox-proportional hazard regression with propensity matching. Drug-data for treatment of anxiety was not available. Our secondary analysis was the association of ADT duration with a diagnosis of anxiety. Results: Overall, 43% (33,882) of patients who received ADT and had higher 3-year cumulative incidence of anxiety (4.1% vs. 3.5%) than patients without ADT (p < 0.001). Adjusted cox-analyses with propensity matching demonstrated patients with ADT had a 17% increased risk of anxiety (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] = 1.17, 95% CI = [1.088-1.263]) compared to patients without ADT (p < 0.0001). The risk of anxiety increased with duration of ADT, from 4.5% with ≤ 6 months, 5.8% with 7-11 months, to 15.7% with ≥ 12 months (p-trend = 0.0123). Conclusions: Pharmacologic ADT is associated with an increased risk of anxiety in this large study of elderly men with localized prostate cancer. This risk increased with longer duration of ADT. Anxiety should be consider among the possible psychiatric effects of ADT and should be discussed along with depression prior to initiating ADT.
The initial state (2003)

In chapter 2, it was argued that there is a logical problem of L2 acquisition. Experimental evidence was reviewed which suggests that interlanguage grammars allow the representation of subtle and abstract distinctions whose source could not be the L1 grammar or the L2 input, hence must be UG. In other words, interlanguage representations are constrained by UG, conforming to principles such as the Overt Pronoun Constraint and the ECP. While some researchers have proposed that interlanguage grammars are 'wild', hence not fully UG-constrained, there are alternative analyses of the phenomena in question which can accommodate the potentially problematic data.
Nicotinamide riboside attenuates alcohol induced liver injuries via activation of SirT1/PGC-1α/mitochondrial biosynthesis pathway (2018)

NR can protect against ethanol induced liver injuries via replenishing NAD<sup>+</sup>, reducing oxidative stress, and activating SirT1-PGC-1α-mitochondrial biosynthesis. Our data indicate that SirT1 plays an important role in the protection of NR against lipid accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunctions induced by ethanol.
AVALIAÇÃO DA ATIVIDADE DE MINERAÇÃO DE AREIA EM IMPERATRIZ – MA (2016)

A mineracao de areia tornou-se um dos grandes contribuintes para o desenvolvimento socioeconomico de muitos municipios brasileiros, gerando servico direto e indireto. Porem, simultaneamente, tem sido responsavel por impactos ambientais negativos, como poluicao da agua e dos solos, diminuicao da biodiversidade e alteracoes na profundidade dos rios. Este trabalho, realizado entre outubro de 2013 e agosto de 2014, atraves da conjugacao de coleta de dados por inquerito, observacao nao participante, dialogo com empreendedores, funcionarios e moradores dos bairros circunvizinhos das jazidas e pesquisa documental, objetivou a caracterizacao e avaliacao da atividade de mineracao de areia, por draga, no rio Tocantins, no limitrofe do municipio de Imperatriz (Estado do Maranhao). Na area em estudo, operam 30 dragas, as quais, extraem no minimo 19.584 m 3 de areia semanalmente,o que equivale a 1.018.368 m 3 anuais. Esta atividade e responsavel por diversos impactos ambientais negativos: alteracao da paisagem natural, depreciacao da qualidade e modificacoes na estrutura do solo, erosao dos solos, reducao do habitat silvestre, contaminacao e turgidez no curso d’agua, risco de acidentes para banhistas, depreciacao do patrimonio publico e poluicao atmosferica. Para alem destes impactos ambientais, os moradores dos bairros localizados no entorno do local de extracao e na rota do transporte do agregado queixam-se tambem de derrame de areia e buracos nas ruas e de poeira resultantes da circulacao dos caminhoes carregados. Apesar dos impactos ambientais e queixas de moradores referidos, para os empreendedores a atividade mineraria nao e uma atividade impactante, pois a mineracao ocorre longe do centro urbano e, portanto, nao apresenta riscos de poluicao ambiental, referindo-se apenas a poluicao do ar e das aguas e as vibracoes e ruidos. Durante o periodo da pesquisa, nao se observaram politicas ou projetos que viabilizassem a mineracao de forma sustentavel no municipio, nem tao pouco a revitalizacao das areas degradadas. Palavras-chave : Rio Tocantins, areia, impacto ambiental
Guanabenz Overdose (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1986Guanabenz OverdoseSUSAN J. ROGERS, Pharm.D.SUSAN J. ROGERS, Pharm.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-104-3-445_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the June issue, Hall and colleagues (1) presented two case reports of patients with guanabenz overdose. They also mentioned that four unpublished cases of guanabenz overdose were reported to the manufacturer between 1975 and 1983 and that these particular patients all developed somnolence, coma, hypotension, and bradycardia. They state that three of these patients were treated with norepinephrine and atropine.To avoid possible misconceptions concerning the symptoms of guanabenz overdose, I want to clarify the following aspects of these four cases. Three of the four patients had somnolence, but only one developed coma and one became...Reference1. HALLSMOLINSKEKULIGRUMACK ASKB. Guanabenz overdose. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:787-8. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Wyeth Laboratories Philadelphia, PA 19101 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAmino Acids as Nonselective HerbicidesClonidine and Related Imidazoline DerivativesGuanabenz Induced Hypothermia in a Poisoned Elderly FemaleSilicon Nitride for Isolating Devices and Device Components 1 March 1986Volume 104, Issue 3Page: 445-445KeywordsAtropineBradycardiaComaHypotensionNorepinephrine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
A Broadly Flavivirus Cross-Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody that Recognizes a Novel Epitope within the Fusion Loop of E Protein (2011)

Flaviviruses are a group of human pathogenic, enveloped RNA viruses that includes dengue (DENV), yellow fever (YFV), West Nile (WNV), and Japanese encephalitis (JEV) viruses. Cross-reactive antibodies against Flavivirus have been described, but most of them are generally weakly neutralizing. In this study, a novel monoclonal antibody, designated mAb 2A10G6, was determined to have broad cross-reactivity with DENV 1-4, YFV, WNV, JEV, and TBEV. Phage-display biopanning and structure modeling mapped 2A10G6 to a new epitope within the highly conserved flavivirus fusion loop peptide, the (98)DRXW(101) motif. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that 2A10G6 potently neutralizes DENV 1-4, YFV, and WNV and confers protection from lethal challenge with DENV 1-4 and WNV in murine model. Furthermore, functional studies revealed that 2A10G6 blocks infection at a step after viral attachment. These results define a novel broadly flavivirus cross-reactive mAb with highly neutralizing activity that can be further developed as a therapeutic agent against severe flavivirus infections in humans.
Interchangeable PEG‐Supported Synthesis of Peptide‐Oligonucleotide Chimeras (2004)

Abstract A procedure has been developed for the preparation of peptide‐PEG‐oligonucleotide conjugates: the two sequences were synthesized at the extremities of the same commercial high‐molecular‐weight polyethylene glycol (PEG) starting both from the peptide as well as from the oligonucleotide component. The commercial PEG was modified at its terminal hydroxyl functions with two orthogonal protecting groups (DMT and Fmoc). The selective removal of those groups allowed the synthesis of the chimeras following two different, interchangeable strategies. Comparison of the final conjugates suggested that their production was equally effective. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Family Characteristics as Risk Factors for Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Population-Based Case-Control Study (2010)

As in other studies, increasing maternal, but not paternal age was associated with risk of ALL. We found only a weak association with the number of older siblings, suggesting a delay in disease manifestation rather than a decrease in incidence.
A Adaptive DBSCAN Algorithm Based on Gauss Distribution (2013)

Traditional DBSCAN algorithm usually set the threshold(minPts,Eps) depending on empirical value,and merely fit for single-density data sets,in allusion to the shortage,the article puts forward a new adaptive DBSCAN algorithm which based on Gaussian distribution and can be used to multi-density data sets.The new algorithm can generate proper threshold according to the data set characteristics.Firstly,to get the minPts accornding to the max CEI value.Then,to confirm the number of Eps according to the curve density level,so that to get Eps data by the Gaussian distribution law.At last,to make clustering for the data set with the minPts and Eps value.Also,to apply the new algorithm and the traditional DBSCAN algorithm to single-density and multi-density data sets,the results show that the new algorithm is more efficient.
Advanced Body Composition Assessment: From Body Mass Index to Body Composition Profiling (2018)

This paper gives a brief overview of common non-invasive techniques for body composition analysis and a more in-depth review of a body composition assessment method based on fat-referenced quantitative MRI. Earlier published studies of this method are summarized, and a previously unpublished validation study, based on 4753 subjects from the UK Biobank imaging cohort, comparing the quantitative MRI method with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is presented. For whole-body measurements of adipose tissue (AT) or fat and lean tissue (LT), DXA and quantitative MRIs show excellent agreement with linear correlation of 0.99 and 0.97, and coefficient of variation (CV) of 4.5 and 4.6 per cent for fat (computed from AT) and LT, respectively, but the agreement was found significantly lower for visceral adipose tissue, with a CV of >20 per cent. The additional ability of MRI to also measure muscle volumes, muscle AT infiltration and ectopic fat, in combination with rapid scanning protocols and efficient image analysis tools, makes quantitative MRI a powerful tool for advanced body composition assessment.
Antigens of group A streptococci involved in passive hemagglutination reactions (1976)

Antibodies to streptococcal extracellular products were detected in rabbit sera by passive hemagglutination tests as early as 1 week after intravenous injection of live group A streptococci (strain C203S). Using these antibodies in immunoadsorbent columns, we prepared an antigenic fraction from crude concentrates of streptococcal extracellular products. The specific activity of this fraction in sensitizing glutaraldehyde-treated erythrocytes for passive hemagglutination tests and in absorbing passive hemagglutination antibodies from immune sera was increased by 80-fold and at least 24-fold, respectively, as compared with crude extracellular products. The fraction has been found to contain at least three serologically active antigens, which are of considerable interest because: (i) they gave rise to early and consistent immune responses both in humans and in experimental animals; (ii) they appear so far to be produced only by beta-hemolytic streptococci; and (iii) antibodies to these antigens are present in high titers in patients with acute rheumatic fever. Our data suggest that passive hemagglutination antigens may be distinct from those extracellular enzymes and hemolysins ordinarily employed in streptococcal serological studies.
A multi-camera system for damage and tampering detection in a postal security framework (2018)

In this paper, we describe a multi-camera system for parcel inspection which detects signs of damages and cues of tampering. The proposed system has been developed within the EU project SAFEPOST as a part of a multi-sensor scanning modality, to enhance safety and security of parcels travelling on the European Postal Supply Chain. Our work addresses in particular the safety of valuable goods, whose presence on the postal supply chain is in steady growth. The method we propose is based on extracting 3D shape and appearance information, detecting in real-time signs of damages or tampering, and storing the model for future comparative analysis when required by the system. We provide an experimental evidence of the effectiveness of the method, both in laboratory and field tests.
Cover Image (2017)

The cover image, by Danbee Kang et al., is based on the Paper Who are happy survivors? Physical, psychosocial, and spiritual factors associated with happiness of breast cancer survivors during the transition from cancer patient to survivor, DOI: 10.1002/pon.4408. Design Credit: Bona Kim.
FM2: A real-time fast marching sensor-based motion planner (2007)

Path planning for autonomous robots is an essential capacity for these systems. One class of path planning algorithms use potential fields. However, some problems associated with these algorithms include (1) Trapping due to local minima, (2) No passage between closely spaced obstacles, and (3) Limit cycles. This paper presents a potential-field-based algorithm that does not exhibit the mentioned problems. The algorithm uses a two- part approach. The first part of the approach generates a "velocity map" of the environment that represents the admissible velocity at discrete cells in the workspace. This velocity map of the environment gives a grey scale that is darker near the obstacles and walls (black means zero speed) and more clear far from them (white means a predefined maximum robot speed). This velocity map imitates the repulsive electric potential from walls and obstacles, but with a limited maximum value. In the second step, the application of the Fast Marching method on the velocity map, represents and gives a potential map of the wave propagation with time as last axis. The propagation of this wave uses the previous velocity map. In this potential surface it is calculated the shortest time trajectory, by using the gradient method. The second part of the approach uses concepts of wave propagation to construct a smooth, safe, and time efficient path in the velocity map. This method is very fast, and can be used on line.
Studies on fatty-acid-binding proteins. The purification of rat liver fatty-acid-binding protein and the role of cysteine-69 in fatty acid binding (1989)

1. A new, simple and high-yield procedure is described for the purification of hepatic fatty-acid-binding protein from rat liver using naphthylaminodecyl-agarose as an affinity column. 2. Cysteine-69 is shown to react slowly, but quantitatively, with 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), indicating that the thiol group is free, but may be buried within the protein. 3. Fatty acids do not affect the DTNB reactivity of this cysteine residue; however, cysteine reactivity is enhanced in the presence of haem and oleoyl-CoA. 4. Fatty-acid-binding protein that has been modified with DTNB is still able to bind the fluorescent fatty acid 11-(dansylamino)undecanoic acid, indicating that cysteine-69 may be remote from the fatty-acid-binding site.
RNA Aptamers Generated against Oligomeric Aβ40 Recognize Common Amyloid Aptatopes with Low Specificity but High Sensitivity (2009)

Aptamers are useful molecular recognition tools in research, diagnostics, and therapy. Despite promising results in other fields, aptamer use has remained scarce in amyloid research, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is a progressive neurodegenerative disease believed to be caused by neurotoxic amyloid beta-protein (Abeta) oligomers. Abeta oligomers therefore are an attractive target for development of diagnostic and therapeutic reagents. We used covalently-stabilized oligomers of the 40-residue form of Abeta (Abeta40) for aptamer selection. Despite gradually increasing the stringency of selection conditions, the selected aptamers did not recognize Abeta40 oligomers but reacted with fibrils of Abeta40, Abeta42, and several other amyloidogenic proteins. Aptamer reactivity with amyloid fibrils showed some degree of protein-sequence dependency. Significant fibril binding also was found for the naïve library and could not be eliminated by counter-selection using Abeta40 fibrils, suggesting that aptamer binding to amyloid fibrils was RNA-sequence-independent. Aptamer binding depended on fibrillogenesis and showed a lag phase. Interestingly, aptamers detected fibril formation with > or =15-fold higher sensitivity than thioflavin T (ThT), revealing substantial beta-sheet and fibril formation undetected by ThT. The data suggest that under physiologic conditions, aptamers for oligomeric forms of amyloidogenic proteins cannot be selected due to high, non-specific affinity of oligonucleotides for amyloid fibrils. Nevertheless, the high sensitivity, whereby aptamers detect beta-sheet formation, suggests that they can serve as superior amyloid recognition tools.