gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pitchnet: Unsupervised Singing Voice Conversion with Pitch Adversarial Network (2020)

Singing voice conversion is to convert a singer's voice to another one's voice without changing singing content. Recent work shows that unsupervised singing voice conversion can be achieved with an autoencoder-based approach [1]. However, the converted singing voice can be easily out of key, showing that the existing approach cannot model the pitch information precisely. In this paper, we propose to advance the existing unsupervised singing voice conversion method proposed in [1] to achieve more accurate pitch translation and flexible pitch manipulation. Specifically, the proposed Pitch-Net added an adversarially trained pitch regression network to enforce the encoder network to learn pitch invariant phoneme representation, and a separate module to feed pitch extracted from the source audio to the decoder network. Our evaluation shows that the proposed method can greatly improve the quality of the converted singing voice (2.92 vs 3.75 in MOS). We also demonstrate that the pitch of converted singing can be easily controlled during generation by changing the levels of the extracted pitch before passing it to the decoder network.
Accelerated exon skipping of IRF-1 mRNA in human myelodysplasia/leukemia; a possible mechanism of tumor suppressor inactivation. (1994)

The transcription factor IRF-1 has been shown to function as a tumor suppressor. Here we report that a significant proportion of the IRF-1 mRNA detected in normal human hematopoietic cells and cultured cell lines lacks exon 2 (containing the AUG initiation codon) and 3 as a result of exon skipping. Surprisingly, when we examined the bone marrow and peripheral mononuclear cells from patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or leukemia secondary to MDS, we could still detect the exon-skipped form but little or none of the intact IRF-1 mRNA. This appears to be the result of accelerated exon skipping since we could find no mutations within the exons and splicing junctions from these patients. The exon-skipped form of IRF-1 lacking exons 2 and 3 displayed neither DNA binding nor tumor suppressive activities. Thus this accelerated exon skipping may cause the inactivation of IRF-1 and thereby contribute to the development of human hematopoietic malignancies.
Hydraulics calculations for hydraulic Stirling engines (1984)

The role of hydraulic devices and processes in Stirling engine design is discussed. Simple and conveniently organized algorithms are presented for the calculation of hydraulic system losses and for optimization of clearance seals. Fluid makeup system losses are discussed. The fluid inertia tube is compared with the free hydraulic piston. Scaling of power piston flow loss with engine design power level is such that flow loss inefficiencies tend to be large for engine power levels above a few hundred watts unless specific measures are taken to minimize the piston flow loss. A method for eliminating the power piston flow loss in large engines is discussed.
Human Cytomegalovirus Protease Complexes Its Substrate Recognition Sequences in an Extended Peptide Conformation<sup>,</sup> (1998)

Substrate hydrolysis by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) protease is essential to viral capsid assembly. The interaction of HCMV protease and the N-terminal cleavage products of the hydrolysis of R- and M-site oligopeptide substrate mimics (R and M, respectively, which span the P9-P1 positions) was studied by NMR methods. Protease-induced differential line broadening indicated that ligand binding is mediated by the P4-P1 amino acid residues of the peptides. A well-defined extended conformation of R from P1 through P4 when complexed to HCMV protease was evidenced by numerous transferred nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) correlations for the peptide upon addition of the enzyme. NOE cross-peaks between the P4 and P5 side chains placing these two groups in proximity indicated a deviation from the extended conformation starting at P5. Similar studies carried out for the M peptide also indicated an extended peptide structure very similar to that of R, although the conformation of the P5 glycine could not be established. No obvious variation in structure between bound R and M (notably at P4, where the tyrosine of the R-site has been suggested to play a key role in ligand binding) could be discerned that might explain the observed differences in processing rates between R- and M-sequences. Kinetic studies, utilizing R- and M-site peptide substrates for which the P5 and P4 residues were separately exchanged, revealed that these positions had essentially no influence on the specificity constants (kcat/KM). In sharp contrast, substitution of the P2 residue of an M-site peptide changed its specificity constant to that of an R-site peptide substrate, and vice versa.
Relationship between oxidation and conjugation metabolism of skatole in pig liver and concentrations of skatole in fat. (1998)

High concentrations of skatole in fat of some intact male pigs are a major cause of boar taint. In this study, we investigated the effect of oxidative and conjugative metabolism of skatole in liver on the concentrations of skatole in the fat of intact male pigs. In Trial 1, 18 Yorkshire intact males were equally divided into two treatments with high (mean, .42; SD, .26 ppm) and low (mean, .06; SD, .02 ppm) fat skatole levels. There was an increased rate of skatole metabolism, an increased glucuronidation activity, and a decreased sulfation activity toward 2-naphthol in liver from pigs with high skatole levels (P < .05). In Trial 2, Swedish Yorkshire x F4 European Wild Pig intact males were used. Among skatole metabolites that were produced in incubations with liver microsomes, pro-MII was conjugated with glucuronic acid and sulfate, and metabolite F-1 was conjugated with glucuronic acid. The rates of formation of various skatole metabolites and conjugation of pro-MII were evaluated for 22 pigs with different levels of cytochrome P4502E1 in the liver. The formation of F-1 and sulfation of pro-MII were negatively correlated with fat skatole levels (r = -.59, and r = -.56, respectively) and were decreased in pigs with high fat skatole levels and low P4502E1 levels (P < .01). The results indicate that oxidation and conjugation reactions of skatole in pig liver have a dramatic effect on skatole levels in the fat. In particular, the formation of F-1 and formation and subsequent sulfation of pro-MII are related to low levels of skatole in the fat, presumably due to rapid metabolic clearance of skatole.
Cobalt-Catalyzed Cyclotrimerization of Alkynes in Aqueous Solution (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTCobalt-Catalyzed Cyclotrimerization of Alkynes in Aqueous SolutionMatthew S. Sigman, Anson W. Fatland, and Bruce E. EatonView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Washington State University P.O. Box 644630, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630 NeXstar Pharmaceuticals, 2860 Wilderness Place Boulder, Colorado 80301 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 20, 5130–5131Publication Date (Web):May 7, 1998Publication History Received5 March 1998Published online7 May 1998Published inissue 1 May 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9807284https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9807284rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2469Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Cobalt,Hydrocarbons,Ligands,Organic compounds Get e-Alerts
Facile and sensitive assay for monitoring proteolytic activities with defined specificities: studies on amyloid beta-protein processing in Alzheimer's disease. (1992)

A novel approach was taken to screen for the presence of highly specific proteases in tissue extracts and to monitor their purification. We successfully used this method to identify proteolytic activity in brain which may be responsible for the generation of the N-terminus of the beta-protein, the major protein in the brain amyloid deposits of Alzheimer's disease. A radiolabeled synthetic decapeptide, spanning this putative cleavage site, was used as an artificial substrate. Digestion was monitored by TLC separation of the reaction products followed by autoradiography. Mobility shifts indicate cleavage; the identity of the fragments can be inferred from synthetic markers or from comparison to control digests with known proteases. When using highly purified or semi-purified proteases, larger amounts of unlabeled peptide substrates can be used and the resulting fragments identified by sequencing. The assay is fast, sensitive (femtomole level), compatible with crude extracts, allows simultaneous analysis of multiple samples and is highly selective with respect to the specificity of the enzyme. The method is generally applicable to the search for proteases with known, putative or even desired specificity.
Direct stabilization of femtosecond laser frequency comb to high-finesse optical cavity (2008)

We report a stabilization of a femtosecond laser frequency comb (FLFC) to a high-finesse optical cavity by introducing a comb injection locked diode laser. In our method, single component of a FLFC is selected and amplified by a diode laser, and used for a stabilization of a FLFC. Thus, we don't need to match the mode spacing between a femtosecond laser and a high-finesse optical cavity.
Optimization of 4D Combined Angiography and Perfusion using Radial Imaging and Arterial Spin Labeling (2022)

Abstract Purpose To extend and optimize a non-contrast MRI technique to obtain whole head 4D (time-resolved 3D) angiographic and perfusion images from a single scan. Methods 4D combined angiography and perfusion using radial imaging and arterial spin labeling (CAPRIA) uses pseudocontinuous labeling with a 3D golden ratio (“koosh ball”) readout to continuously image the blood water as it travels through the arterial system and exchanges into the tissue. High spatial/temporal resolution angiograms and low spatial/temporal resolution perfusion images can be flexibly reconstructed from the same raw k-space data at any timepoint within the readout. A constant flip angle (CFA) and a quadratic variable flip angle (VFA) excitation schedule were optimized through simulations and tested in healthy volunteers. A conventional sensitivity encoding (SENSE) reconstruction was compared against a locally low rank (LLR) reconstruction, which leverages spatiotemporal correlations to improve reconstruction quality. Differences in image quality were assessed through split-scan repeatability. Results The optimized VFA schedule (2-9°) reduced initial signal attenuation whilst boosting the signal at later timepoints, resulting in a significant (p < 0.001) improvement in image quality (up to 84%), particularly for the lower SNR perfusion images. The LLR reconstruction provided effective denoising without biasing the signal timecourses, significantly improving angiographic and perfusion imaging repeatability (up to 143%, p < 0.001) and enabling the clear depiction of small distal vessels and late tissue perfusion. Conclusion 4D CAPRIA can be optimized using a VFA schedule and LLR reconstruction to yield whole head 4D angiograms and perfusion images from a single scan.
Methanation catalyst and process of using the same. [2 claims] (1977)

Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) is a rare and aggressive variant of endometrial carcinoma. Little is known about the pathological and biological features of this tumor. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and hormone receptor (HR) expression have an important role in tumor behavior and clinical outcome, but their relevance in UPSC is not clear. In the present study, the immunohistochemical expression of HER2 and HR was assessed in 27 patients with Stage I disease, 13 with Stage II disease, 25 with Stage III disease, and 6 with Stage IV disease. Correlations between HER2 and HR expression and the clinicopathological parameters of UPSC were evaluated using Cox's univariate and multivariate analyses. For all patients, the 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 51% and 66%, respectively; in patients with Stage I, II, III and IV disease, the RFS and OS were 67%/81%, 59%/77%, 43%/54% and 0%/0%, respectively. Of all 71 patients, 14% (10/71) were positive for HER2 and 52% (37/71) were positive for HR. Overexpression of HER2 was correlated with lower OS (P = 0.01), whereas HR overexpression was correlated with higher OS (P = 0.008). In multivariate models, HER2, HR, and histologic subtype were identified as independent prognostic indicators for RFS (P = 0.022, P = 0.018, and P = 0.01, respectively), but HR was the only independent factor associated with OS (P = 0.044). Thus, HER2 and HR are prognostic variables in UPSC, with HR an independent prognostic factor for OS.
Linear arrays of ceramic microcavity plasma devices (127–180μm diameter) driven by buried coplanar electrodes: Shaping the intracavity electric field and emission profile (2006)

Shaping the electric field within a microcavity plasma device can be accomplished by the introduction of curvature into the dielectric-plasma interface when the microcavity is inserted between coplanar electrodes. To that end, linear arrays of cylindrical microcavity plasma devices with diameters of 127 or 180μm have been fabricated in low temperature cofired ceramic(εr=40) and operated in the rare gases at pressures in the 400–800Torr range. Comprising 72 microcavities, each linear array is powered by two buried Ag electrodes lying parallel to the array and driven by either a sinusoidal ac or bipolar pulsed dc waveform. Examination of Ne microplasmas with an optical telescope reveals the existence of pressure-dependent structure on the spatially resolved emission profiles. Strongest emission is observed from two negative glows on opposite sides of the microcavity. Confined to regions of low electric field strength and a weak gradient, the negative glows generate maximum intensity 25–35μm from the wall of a 180μm diameter microcavity. A central peak appears along the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the microcavity for pNe≳700Torr, reflecting the formation of a positive column. Operating voltages as low as 190V rms have been measured for excitation of a linear array of 180μm diameter devices operating at a Ne pressure of 400–700Torr and driven by a 20kHz voltage waveform.
RD114‐Pseudotyped Oncoretroviral Vectors (2001)

Limited functional expression of the viral envelope receptor is a recognized barrier to efficient oncoretroviral mediated gene transfer. To circumvent this barrier we evaluated a number of envelope proteins with respect to gene transfer efficiency into primitive human hematopoietic stem cell populations. We observed that oncoretroviral vectors pseudotyped with the envelope protein of feline endogenous virus (RD114) could efficiently transduce human repopulating cells capable of establishing multilineage hematopoiesis in immunodeficient mice after a single exposure to RD114-pseudotyped vector. Comparable rates of gene transfer with amphotropic and GALV-pseudotyped vectors have been reported, but only after multiple exposures to the viral supernatant. Oncoretroviral vectors pseudotyped with the RD114 or the amphotropic envelopes had similar stability in vitro, indicating that the increased efficiency in gene transfer is at the receptor level likely due to increased receptor expression or an increased receptor affinity for the RD114 envelope. We also found that RD114-pseudotype vectors can be efficiently concentrated, thereby removing any adverse effects of the conditioned media to the long-term repopulating potential of the target human hematopoietic stem cell. These studies demonstrate the potential of RD114-pseudotyped vectors for clinical use.
Duration-limited statistical multiplexing of delay-sensitive traffic in packet networks (1991)

A novel strategy for the transmission and multiplexing of delay-sensitive traffic, e.g., voice and video, in packet networks is described. The strategy provides bounded end-to-end delay to all delay-sensitive traffic guarantees loss-free transmission to any traffic with such a requirement. To achieve statistical multiplexing gain, loss performance is provided to the rest of delay-sensitive traffic on an as-needed basis, with possible distinction among different classes. Bounded end-to-end delay is obtained by performing statistical multiplexing at the switching nodes on a duration-limited basis. Loss-free transmission is achieved by means of an underlying service discipline called stop-and-go queuing. The performance of the strategy for some special cases is analyzed, and analytical expressions for the loss probability are derived.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Retro-2 and its dihydroquinazolinone derivatives inhibit filovirus infection (2017)

Members of the family Filoviridae cause severe, often fatal disease in humans, for which there are no approved vaccines and only a few experimental drugs tested in animal models. Retro-2, a small molecule that inhibits retrograde trafficking of bacterial and plant toxins inside host cells, has been demonstrated to be effective against a range of bacterial and virus pathogens, both in vitro and in animal models. Here, we demonstrated that Retro-2 and its derivatives, Retro-2.1 and compound 25, blocked infection by Ebola virus and Marburg virus in vitro. We show that the derivatives were more potent inhibitors of infection as compared to the parent compound. Pseudotyped virus assays indicated that the compounds affected virus entry into cells while virus particle localization to Niemann-Pick C1-positive compartments showed that they acted at a late step in virus entry. Our work demonstrates a potential for Retro-type drugs to be developed into anti-filoviral therapeutics.
Boron/Carbon/Silicon/Nitrogen Ceramics And Precursors (1996)

Ceramics containing various amounts of boron, carbon, silicon, and nitrogen made from variety of polymeric precursors. Synthesized in high yield from readily available and relatively inexpensive starting materials. Stable at room temperature; when polymerized, converted to ceramics in high yield. Ceramics resist oxidation and other forms of degradation at high temperatures; used in bulk to form objects or to infiltrate other ceramics to obtain composites having greater resistance to oxidation and high temperatures.
TraceBack (2005)

Faults that occur in production systems are the most important faults to fix, but most production systems lack the debugging facilities present in development environments. TraceBack provides debugging information for production systems by providing execution history data about program problems (such as crashes, hangs, and exceptions). TraceBack supports features commonly found in production environments such as multiple threads, dynamically loaded modules, multiple source languages (e.g., Java applications running with JNI modules written in C++), and distributed execution across multiple computers. TraceBack supports first fault diagnosis -discovering what went wrong the first time a fault is encountered. The user can see how the program reached the fault state without having to re-run the computation; in effect enabling a limited form of a debugger in production code.TraceBack uses static, binary program analysis to inject low-overhead runtime instrumentation at control-flow block granularity. Post-facto reconstruction of the records written by the instrumentation code produces a source-statement trace for user diagnosis. The trace shows the dynamic instruction sequence leading up to the fault state, even when the program took exceptions or terminated abruptly (e.g., kill -9).We have implemented TraceBack on a variety of architectures and operating systems, and present examples from a variety of platforms. Performance overhead is variable, from 5% for Apache running SPECweb99, to 16%-25% for the Java SPECJbb benchmark, to 60% average for SPECint2000. We show examples of TraceBack's cross-language and cross-machine abilities, and report its use in diagnosing problems in production software.
Inhibition of Oleamide Hydrolase Catalyzed Hydrolysis of the Endogenous Sleep-Inducing Lipid <i>cis</i>-9-Octadecenamide (1996)

Oleamide (1, cis-9-octadecenamide) is a naturally occurring brain constituent that has been shown to accumulate and disappear under conditions of sleep deprivation and sleep recovery, respectively. Synthetic 1 has been found to induce sleep in a structurally specific manner at nanomolar quantities. Hydrolysis of 1 by an enzyme (oleamide hydrolase) present in the cell membrane rapidly degrades oleamide to oleic acid (cis-9-octadecenoic acid). Such observations suggest 1 may constitute a prototypical member of a class of fatty acid primary amide biological signaling molecules in which the diversity and selectivity of function are derived from the length of the alkane chain as well as the position, stereochemistry, and degree of unsaturation. A series of inhibitors of oleamide hydrolase were designed and prepared which were expected to derive their properties through interactions with the putative active site cysteine residue within oleamide hydrolase. This approach yielded a series of rapid, selective, and highly potent inhibitors (Ki = 13 μM to 1 nM) which in addition to their potential therapeutic value may serve as useful tools to define the biological role of oleamide.
Optimizing Throughput in Optical Networks: The Joint Routing and Power Control Problem (2016)

It is well established that physical layer impairments significantly affect the performance of optical networks. The management of these impairments is critical for successful transmission, and may significantly affect network layer routing decisions. Hence, the traditional divide-and-conquer layered approach is sub-optimal, which has led to work on cross-layer techniques for routing in optical networks. Apart from fiber loss, one critical physical layer impairment that limits the capacity of optical networks is fiber nonlinearity. Handling nonlinearity introduces significant complexity to the traditional cross-layer approaches. We formulate and solve a joint routing and power control problem to optimize the system throughput that takes into consideration both fiber loss and nonlinearity. The joint power control and routing problem considered is a nonlinear integer programming problem. By characterizing the feasible solution space of the power control problem, we find a set of universal power settings that transform the complex power control and routing problem into a constrained path routing problem. We then propose an efficient fully polynomial time approximation scheme to solve the constrained path routing problem. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm significantly improves network throughput and greatly outperforms greedy heuristics by providing a guaranteed performance bound.