gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Delivery strategies for CRISPR/Cas genome editing tool for retinal dystrophies: challenges and opportunities (2022)

CRISPR/Cas, an adaptive immune system in bacteria, has been adopted as an efficient and precise tool for site-specific gene editing with potential therapeutic opportunities. It has been explored for a variety of applications, including gene modulation, epigenome editing, diagnosis, mRNA editing, etc. It has found applications in retinal dystrophic conditions including progressive cone and cone-rod dystrophies, congenital stationary night blindness, X-linked juvenile retinoschisis, retinitis pigmentosa, age-related macular degeneration, leber's congenital amaurosis, etc. Most of the therapies for retinal dystrophic conditions work by regressing symptoms instead of reversing the gene mutations. CRISPR/Cas9 through indel could impart beneficial effects in the reversal of gene mutations in dystrophic conditions. Recent research has also consolidated on the approaches of using CRISPR systems for retinal dystrophies but their delivery to the posterior part of the eye is a major concern due to high molecular weight, negative charge, and <i>in vivo</i> stability of CRISPR components. Recently, non-viral vectors have gained interest due to their potential in tissue-specific nucleic acid (miRNA/siRNA/CRISPR) delivery. This review highlights the opportunities of retinal dystrophies management using CRISPR/Cas nanomedicine.
New microwave sensors for intrusion detection systems (2003)

Intrusion detection systems based on the utilisation of continuous wave (CW) radar and Doppler effect have several advantages over electrooptic sensors, namely, their ability to work in dark or smoky spaces, and under adverse weather conditions. However, they pose some practical problems such as: their inability to provide any range measure, nor to distinguish between different targets; high sensitivity to unexpected motion which leads to the need of precise delimitation of the area under surveillance, making its use difficult in certain applications; remarkable vulnerability to electronic countermeasures and high sensitivity to interference from other sensors. The advances in microwave and signal processing technologies permit the affordable use of spread-spectrum techniques, and particularly, the development of sensors based on frequency modulated continuous wave radar, which is the goal of this paper. These new sensors overcome the above mentioned limitations: since its operation no longer lies on the Doppler effect, they are insensitive to unexpected motion; as they are able to determine ranges and therefore separate different targets, they can illuminate a broader area than the one under vigilance, thus simplifying their installation. In addition, they provide the number of targets in the area of interest; due to the use of spread-spectrum signals, they offer higher robustness against interference, either deliberate or generated by other sensors. A prototype of this kind of sensors, operating at 22 GHz, is presented.
DataTiles (2001)

The DataTiles system integrates the benefits of two major interaction paradigms: graphical and physical user interfaces. Tagged transparent tiles are used as modular construction units. These tiles are augmented by dynamic graphical information when they are placed on a sensor-enhanced flat panel display. They can be used independently or can be combined into more complex configurations, similar to the way language can express complex concepts through a sequence of simple words. In this paper, we discuss our design principles for mixing physical and graphical interface techniques, and describe the system architecture and example applications of the DataTiles system.
Rapid identification of bacteria with miniaturized pyrolysis/GC analysis (2001)

Identification of bacteria and other biological moieties finds a broad range of applications in the environmental, biomedical, agricultural, industrial, and military arenas. Linking these applications are biological markers such as fatty acids, whose mass spectral profiles can be used to characterize biological samples and to distinguish bacteria at the gram-type, genera, and even species level. Common methods of sample analysis require sample preparation that is both lengthy and labor intensive, especially for whole cell bacteria. The background technique relied on here utilizes chemical derivatization of fatty acids to the more volatile fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), which can be separated on a gas chromatograph column or input directly into a mass spectrometer. More recent publications demonstrate improved sample preparation time with in situ derivatization of whole bacterial samples using pyrolysis at the inlet; although much faster than traditional techniques, these systems still rely on bench-top analytical equipment and individual sample preparation. Development of a miniaturized pyrolysis/GC instrument by this group is intended to realize the benefits of FAME identification of bacteria and other biological samples while further facilitating sample handling and instrument portability. The technologies being fabricated and tested have the potential of achieving pyrolysis and FAME separation on a very small scale, with rapid detection time (1-10 min from introduction to result), and with a modular sample inlet. Performance results and sensor characterization will be presented for the first phase of instrument development, encompassing the microfabricated pyrolysis and gas chromatograph elements.
Intravascular cell delivery device for therapeutic VEGF-induced angiogenesis in chronic vascular occlusion (2014)

Site specific targeting remains elusive for gene and stem cell therapies in the cardiovascular field. One promising option involves use of devices that deliver larger and more sustained cell/gene payloads to specific disease sites using the versatility of percutaneous vascular access technology. Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) engineered to deliver high local concentrations of an angiogenic molecule (VEGF) were placed in an intravascular cell delivery device (ICDD) in a porcine model of chronic total occlusion (CTO) involving ameroid placement on the proximal left circumflex (LCx) artery. Implanted SMC were retained within the ICDD and were competent for VEGF production in vitro and in vivo. Following implantation, micro-CT analyses revealed that ICDD-VEGF significantly enhanced vasa vasora microvessel density with a concomitant increase in tissue VEGF protein levels and formation of endothelial cell colonies suggesting increased angiogenic potential. ICDD-VEGF markedly enhanced regional blood flow determined by microsphere and contrast CT analysis translating to a functional improvement in regional wall motion and global left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function. Our data indicate robust, clinically relevant angiogenesis can be achieved in a human scale porcine chronic vascular occlusion model following ICDD-VEGF-based delivery of angiogenic cells. This may have implications for percutaneous delivery of numerous therapeutic factors promoting creation of microvascular bypass networks in chronic vaso-occlusive diseases.
A self-aligned contact technology using anisotropical selective epitaxial silicon for giga-bit DRAMs (2002)

A self-aligned contact pad formation technology for giga-bit DRAMs has been developed using anisotropical selective epitaxial silicon grown at 700/spl deg/C. Interfacial contact resistance was reduced to approximately one-fifth of that of a conventional poly-Si plugged contact. The smallest memory cell size of 0.24 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ with a 0.20 /spl mu/m design rule can be achieved.
Focal Pharmacological Modulation of Atrioventricular Nodal Conduction via Implantable Catheter (2006)

Focal acetylcholine delivery into the AVN increased AVN refractoriness and significantly decreased ventricular rate response during induced AF in a dose-related, reversible manner without systemic side effects. This may represent a novel therapy for AF whereby ventricular rate is controlled with the use of an implantable drug delivery system.
Efficient mechanism for sharing private data in a secured manner (2016)

A framework for secure sensitive data sharing on data mining platform, that includes secured delivery, usage, storage, and data destruction for semi-trusted data mining sharing platform. We propose a proxy re-encryption algorithm based heterogeneous cipher text transformation and user protection method based on virtual machine monitor, which provides for realization of system functions. The framework protects security of users sensitive data effectively and shares data safely. At same time, data owners retain complete control of their own data sound environment for modern Internet information security.
Manufacturable Monolithically Integrated InP Dual-Port Coherent Receiver for 100G PDM-QPSK Applications (2011)

We developed a single-chip InP coherent receiver for detection of PDM-QPSK signals, which meets specifications for 100G between 1530 and 1570 nm. Integration includes a mode converter for efficient coupling from an SMF array.
Microwave-assisted Hydrothermal Hydrolysis of Maltose with Addition of Microwave Absorbing Agents (2012)

Abstract Hydrolysis of polysaccharides is one of the important steps for biorefinery. This paper demonstrates effects of microwave heating on hydrothermal hydrolysis of carbohydrate by comparing microwave and induction ovens. Identical thermal history could be obtained by high heating rate of both methods. To have higher sensitivity for detection of microwave effects, maltose was used as the simplest substrate. Hydrothermal hydrolysis was conducted at heating temperatures at 180 °C to 220 °C for 0 - 30 min of heating time with 4 min of come-up time. These heating profiles were precisely traced by using PID-aided temperature control. Hydrothermal hydrolysis of maltose started above 180 °C. Higher saccharification rate was achieved at higher temperature, however, degradation of glucose became predominant at 220 °C. Highest saccharification rates were almost the same by both heating methods, however, glucose yield was relatively higher at severer condition in microwave heating showing higher stability of glucose under electromagnetic field. To improve the microwave-assisted hydrothermal hydrolysis, several kinds of microwave absorbing agents including salt, metal oxide and graphite were tested. From the screening, halide salts (LiCl, LiBr, NaCl, NaBr, KCl, KBr) improved the reaction and the highest saccharification rate attained around 70% at lower temperature (200 °C) with salt concentration of 1% w/w. There was no significant difference among kinds of halide salts with different alkali metals. Sulfate, metal oxides and graphite did not show good effect. By monitoring the microwave outputs, the additions of halide salts were also found effective for reducing the total energy consumption. Increase in heating temperature required higher energy consumption when the water was used for medium, however, addition of sodium chloride at 1% w/w decreased the total energy consumption down to 60 - 70%. The results suggested that assistance of salts may be effective to improve hydrothermal hydrolysis of biomass under electromagnetic field. This method may be usable for salt containing biomass such as marine biomass.
High occurrence of blaCMY-1 AmpC lactamase producing Escherichia coli in cases of complicated urinary tract infection (UTI) from a tertiary health care centre in north India. (2012)

AmpC beta lactamase producing Gram-negative bacteria have emerged worldwide. It is important to distinguish plasmid mediated AmpC β lactamases from chromosomally mediated enzymes for surveillance, epidemiology and hospital infection control as plasmid mediated genes can spread to other organisms. Occurrence of blaCMY-1 AmpC β-lactamase, a plasmid mediated cephamycinase was studied in 100 consecutive isolates of Escherichia coli from cases of complicated urinary tract infection (UTI). Screening for AmpC production was done by modified Hodge test, three dimensional test and AmpC disk test. All isolates showing a positive result by 2 out of 3 tests were then tested for blaCMY-1 gene by PCR. Fifty nine isolates were positive for AmpC β lactamase production, 56.6 per cent were positive by PCR. Eight out of 13 isolates which were negative by EDTA disk method were positive by PCR, whereas none of the isolates negative by 3D and modified Hodge test was positive by PCR. Among admitted patients urinary catheterisation was the major risk factor followed by obstructive uropathy, three patients developed urosepsis. High occurrence of blaCMY-1 AmpC β-lactamase warrants health care workers to endorse good hospital practices.
Work-in-progress: towards efficient quantized neural network inference on mobile devices (2017)

From voice recognition to object detection, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are steadily getting better at extracting information from complex raw data. Combined with the popularity of mobile computing and the rise of the Internet-of-Things (IoT), there is enormous potential for widespread deployment of intelligent devices, but a computational challenge remains. A modern DNN can require billions of floating point operations to classify a single image, which is far too costly for energy-constrained mobile devices. Offloading DNNs to powerful servers in the cloud is only a limited solution, as it requires significant energy for data transfer and cannot address applications with low-latency requirements such as augmented reality or navigation for autonomous drones.
c-Cbl-Dependent Monoubiquitination and Lysosomal Degradation of gp130 (2008)

Interleukin 6 (IL-6), a pleiotropic cytokine, functions in cells through its interaction with its receptor complex, which consists of two ligand-binding alpha subunits and two signal-transducing subunits known as gp130. There is a wealth of studies on signals mediated by gp130, but its downregulation is less well understood. Here we found that IL-6 stimulation induced lysosome-dependent degradation of gp130, which correlated with an increase in the K63-linked polyubiquitination of gp130. The stimulation-dependent ubiquitination of gp130 was mediated by c-Cbl, an E3 ligase, which was recruited to gp130 in a tyrosine-phosphorylated SHP2-dependent manner. We also found that IL-6 induced a rapid translocation of gp130 from the cell surface to endosomal compartments. Furthermore, the vesicular sorting molecule Hrs contributed to the lysosomal degradation of gp130 by directly recognizing its ubiquitinated form. Deficiency of either Hrs or c-Cbl suppressed gp130 degradation, which leads to a prolonged and amplified IL-6 signal. Thus, our present report provides the first evidence for involvement of a c-Cbl/SHP2 complex in ubiquitination and lysosomal degradation of gp130 upon IL-6 stimulation. The lysosomal degradation of gp130 is critical for cessation of IL-6-mediated signaling.
Roles of cyclin-dependent kinase 8 and β-catenin in the oncogenesis and progression of gastric adenocarcinoma (2011)

Gastric adenocarcinoma is a common cause of cancer-related death. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays an important role in various cancers. However, relatively little is known about the regulatory mechanism of β-catenin in stomach cancer. To determine the patterns of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 8 and β-catenin expression and the relationship between CDK8 and β-catenin, we conducted a study of immuno-histochemical staining of tumor tissues (12 adenomas, 24 early gastric carcinomas, 24 advanced gastric carcinomas and 21 metastatic lymph nodes), together with Western blot analysis and CDK8 interference studies using gastric cancer cell lines. Gastric adenocarcinomas with CDK8 expression had distinct clinical, prognostic and molecular attributes. CDK8 expression and the delocalization of β-catenin expression showed a significant positive correlation with carcinogenesis and tumor progression, especially lymph node metastasis. Immunohisto-chemically, CDK8 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma was independently associated with β-catenin activation (p<0.05). β-catenin expression was suppressed by CDK8 interference in the gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines, SNU-601 and SNU-638. These data support the potential link between CDK8 and β-catenin, and suggest that CDK8 detection and β-catenin delocalization could be related to a poor prognosis. Moreover, the interference of CDK8 could be a promising therapeutic modality for gastric adenocarcinoma.
Unique Electronically Activated Nonexplosive Wireline Cutter Provides Safe and Reliable Cuts on Largest Range of Slickline and Wireline Cables (2020)

Abstract The electronically activated nonexplosive wireline cutter drops from surface to sever slicklines and cables when a toolstring becomes stuck downhole. The cutter is activated via an electronic timer and trigger module. The cutter was originally designed to cleanly cut slickline and wireline cables ranging from 0.105 in. to 5/16 in. As wireline cables become larger and more complex, the need for a more robust wireline cutter was needed to cut cable with outer diameters as large as 0.59 in. Preprogrammed countdown times and optional custom programming capabilities support target depth and activation assurance without reliance on explosives or impact against the stuck toolstring to make a cut. The features of the unique electronically activated nonexplosive wireline cutter are outlined and several case studies presented from onshore and offshore operations.
Interaction Trap/Two‐Hybrid System to Identify Interacting Proteins (2009)

The yeast two-hybrid method (or interaction trap) is a powerful technique for detecting protein interactions. The procedure is performed using transcriptional activation of a dual reporter system in yeast to identify interactions between a protein of interest (the bait protein) and the candidate proteins for interaction. The method can be used to screen a protein library for interactions with a bait protein or to test for association between proteins that are expected to interact based on prior evidence. Interaction mating facilitates the screening of a library with multiple bait proteins.
Comprehensive Time-Resolved MRI of Peripheral Vascular Malformations (2003)

MRI and MR angiography appear to be valuable for the assessment of vascular malformations of the extremities. The protocol for imaging such malformations should combine dynamic contrast-enhanced 3D gradient-echo MRI with STIR sequences. However, digital subtraction angiography and venography are still required for definitive treatment decisions.
Pareceres sobre o mito, o romance e a relação com a identidade nacional brasileira (2020)

Este artigo se propoe em efetuar pareceres sobre o surgimento e a dissolucao do mito, bem como a formacao do romance. Tambem pretendemos discutir sobre a identidade nacional, pontuar algumas questoes sobre o assunto e tentar verificarmos se podemos afirmar uma identidade nacional na literatura brasileira.
Correlation of synovial fluid interleukin 6 (IL-6) activities with IgG concentrations in patients with inflammatory joint disease and osteoarthritis. (1990)

Synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis and Reiter's syndrome were examined for their concentrations of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in a proliferation assay with the IL-6 dependent hybridoma cell line B13.29 (subclone B9). IL-6 activity was significantly higher in the synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis than in patients with osteoarthritis. Significant correlations were shown between the concentrations of synovial fluid IL-6 and IgG. These findings may contribute to the understanding of the enhanced immunoglobulin production by synovial mononuclear cells in patients with inflammatory joint disease.
The diagnostic and therapeutic applications of flow cytometry in male infertility (2009)

Although in recent years flow cytometry (FCM) has become common place in clinical haemotopathology laboratories, application of this technology in the andrology laboratory remains largely unrealized. Flow cytometry is the semiautomated study of the antigen profile of cells using the Scatchard principle of antigen-antibody binding and fluorochrome-based detection systems. Recent technical advances in lasers, monoclonal antibodies, fluorochromes, and computer-based color compensation algorithms have expanded the usefulness of FCM. This overview presents the background of FCM, discusses various applications, and speculates on the directions of future developments with special relevance to the field of andrology. The availability of high-quality methods should be a prime factor in convincing andrologists and infertility clinics that FCM may have certain advantages over traditional methods and that it does indeed have much to contribute to the andrology laboratory and male infertility clinic.
Alleviation of systemic manifestations of multicentric Castleman's disease by thalidomide (2003)

Multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown etiology. Although HHV-8 (human herpesvirus type 8) has been suggested as a possible etiologic agent in a subpopulation of cases, appropriate treatment of the HHV-8 infection has not produced regression of the disease. Additionally, other treatment modalities, including steroids and various regimens of chemotherapy, do not consistently provide good control of the disease. Clinical signs and symptoms of the disease are primarily mediated by cytokines, especially interleukin-6 (IL-6). We report a case of multicentric Castleman's disease that responded dramatically to single agent thalidomide. A powerful cytokine disruptor, thalidomide may have good therapeutic efficacy in treating MCD and related cytokine-mediated disorders.
Comparison of the properties of AMVISC® and Healon® (1987)

A standardized investigation to compare the biophysical characteristics of two sodium hyaluronate products, AMVISC and Healon, was conducted. Results showed that the two products exhibited similar biophysical properties. AMVISC exhibited an average kinematic viscosity of 41,554 centistokes and a calculated average molecular weight of 2.04 X 10(6) daltons. Healon exhibited an average kinematic viscosity of 47,271 centistokes and a calculated average molecular weight of 2.43 X 10(6) daltons.
CD11c+ MHCIIlo GM-CSF-bone marrow-derived dendritic cells act as antigen donor cells and as antigen presenting cells in neoepitope-elicited tumor immunity against a mouse fibrosarcoma (2018)

Dendritic cells play a critical role in initiating T-cell responses. In spite of this recognition, they have not been used widely as adjuvants, nor is the mechanism of their adjuvanticity fully understood. Here, using a mutated neoepitope of a mouse fibrosarcoma as the antigen, and tumor rejection as the end point, we show that dendritic cells but not macrophages possess superior adjuvanticity. Several types of dendritic cells, such as bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (GM-CSF cultured or FLT3-ligand induced) or monocyte-derived ones, are powerful adjuvants, although GM-CSF-cultured cells show the highest activity. Among these, the CD11c<sup>+</sup> MHCII<sup>lo</sup> sub-set, distinguishable by a distinct transcriptional profile including a higher expression of heat shock protein receptors CD91 and LOX1, mannose receptors and TLRs, is significantly superior to the CD11c<sup>+</sup> MHCII<sup>hi</sup> sub-set. Finally, dendritic cells exert their adjuvanticity by acting as both antigen donor cells (i.e., antigen reservoirs) as well as antigen presenting cells.