gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real world application of burn-in to improve product quality (2002)

Burn-in screening of products can be used to significantly increase their reliability in the presence of real-world problems such as low-quality components and assembly defects. The author describes the development and application of a burn-in strategy to a 3 kW switch-mode rectifier product. Hardware and software system architectures are discussed. Two significant product problems are described and the role the burn-in system played in identifying the problems and maintaining quality product output during the course of the problem resolution is illustrated. Finally, the success of the burn-in-strategy was demonstrated with a measured field reliability of nearly 1,000,000 h mean time between failures.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Economic burden of breast cancer to the households in Punjab, India (2016)

Introduction: Breast cancer is on rise and cervix cancer is on declining mode according to the cancer registry data in India. The major mode of financing treatment is out-of-pocket (OOP) and this can push 25% of the cancer affected households below the poverty line. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study with a household perspective was done in the state of Punjab. By using probability proportional to the size method and systematic random sampling, the sample was drawn from every district of Punjab. A face-to-face semi-structured interview schedule was administered to 221 patients. Results: The direct cost contributed 79% toward the total cost-of-illness. The cost of drugs (36.23%) followed by cost of hospitalization (27.05%) and productivity loss (13.44%) were the main contributors toward the total cost of illness. The contribution of indirect cost is 21 per cent of the total cost. The cost of treatment depends upon type of facility used (more in private as compared to the public), stage of cancer (stage above first stage cost more than the first stage), and age at the time of diagnosis aged above sixty incurred more expenditure as compared to the aged below sixty. The 84% of the households had experienced the catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) and 51% of the households had faced distress financing (DF). The main financial coping strategies*(*multiple strategies) used were saving (74%), borrowing at low rate of interest (88%), social nets (55%), and selling financial assets (30%).
Isolation and characterization of 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid-degrading bacteria from agricultural soils (2003)

Eight numerically dominant 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) butyric acid (2,4-DB )-degrading bacteria and three pairs of bacteria showing syntrophic metabolism of 2,4-DB were isolated from soils, and their phylogenetic and phenotypic characteristics were investigated. The isolates were able to utilize 2,4-DB as a sole source of carbon and energy, and their 2,4-DB degradative enzymes were induced by the presence of 2,4-DB. Analysis of 16S rDNA sequences indicated that the isolates were related to members of the genera, Variovorax, Sphingomonas, Bradyrhizobium, and Pseudomonas. The chromosomal DNA patterns of the isolates obtained by polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) amplification of repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP) sequences were distinct from each other. Four of the isolates had plasmids, but only one strain, DB1, had a transmissible 2.4-D degradative plasmid. When analyzed with PCR using primers targeted to the tfdA, B, and C genes, only strains DB2 and DB9a produced DNA bands of the expected sizes with the tfdA and C primers, respectively. All of the isolates were able to degrade 2.4-D as well as 2,4-DB, suggesting that the degradation pathways of these compounds were closely related to each other, but respiratory activities of many isolates adapted to 2,4-DB metabolism were quite low with 2,4-D.
Observations of large raptors in northeast Sudan (2011)

During a targeted shorebird survey of wetlands along Sudan's Red Sea Coast in January 2010 we took the opportunity to gather limited baseline information on large raptors within an understudied region. One 430 km transect was completed while driving from Atbara to Port Sudan on 19 January. Thirty Egyptian Vultures Neophron percnopterus were recorded at a mean of 7 birds per 100 km over 6.15 hours, and eight unidentified large vultures were seen. From subsequent ad hoc records gathered during 20 additional vehicle hours covering 450 km of coastline, we identified populations of Lappet-faced Vulture Torgos tracheliotos and Hooded Vulture Necrosyrtes monachus and migrant Steppe Eagle Aquila nipalensis.
Deriving Production Rules for Constraint Maintainance (1990)

Traditionally, integrity constraints in database systems are maintained either by rolling back any transaction that produces an inconsistent state or by disallowing or modifying operations that may produce an inconsistent state. An alternative approach is to provide automatic repair of inconsistent states using production rules. For each constraint, a production rule is used to detect constraint violation and to initiate database operations that restore consistency. We describe an SQL-based language for defining integrity constraints and a framework for translating these constraints into constraint-maintaining production rules. Some parts of the translation are automatic while other parts require user intervention. Based on the semantics of our set-oriented production rules language and under certain assumptions, we prove that at the end of each transaction the rules are guaranteed to produce a state satisfying all defined constraints. We apply our approach to a good-sized example.
Zinc Lowers High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol Levels (1980)

Zinc administration in rats is associated with a rise in serum cholesterol level. This study examined the effect of zinc administration on serum lipoprotein values in man. Twelve healthy adult men ingested 440 mg of zinc sulfate per day for five weeks. High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentration decreased 25% below baseline values (40.5 to 30.1 mg/dL). Total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels did not change throughout the study. The sharp fall of the "antiatherogenic" lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, associated with zinc administration supports the concept that zinc ingestion may be atherogenic in man.
Pyrolysis of hyperbranched polyborate modified phenolic resin (2010)

Abstract Hyperbranched polyborate (HBPB) is a new polymer with highly branched structures, plenty of functional end groups and excellent thermal resistance, which can be used as a positive modifier for phenolic resin (PR) to greatly increase the carbon yield of PR. In the present article, thermal properties and structural changes of HBPB modified PR (PR‐HBPB) during the pyrolysis are studied. The pyrolysis mechanism of PR‐HBPB is proposed to explain the increase of the carbon yield of PR‐HBPB. It is found that the carbon yields of PR‐HBPBs containing 10 and 20 wt% of HBPB are 71.3 and 73.1% at 800°C in nitrogen, which are higher than those of PR and HBPB but not the sum of the carbon yields of PR and HBPB in consideration of their mixing ratio. The increase of carbon yield of PR‐HBPB can be attributed to the combined effects of the excellent thermal stability of HBPB, the formation of BC 3 and B 2 O 3 , promoted graphitization by HBPB and the protection of B 2 O 3 on the edges of the graphite microcrystallites. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
Kinetic analysis of antioxidant capacity of wine (1999)

A competition kinetics procedure for measuring total antioxidant capacity in wine is described. This procedure is based on the "crocin bleaching test" [28] as modified for analyzing the antioxidant capacity of complex mixtures [24]. The antioxidant capacity of white wines ranged from 0.08 to 1.2 mM equivalents of the reference antioxidant (Trolox C), while for red wines values ranging from 6.4 to 41.9 mM have been obtained. Although a correlation exists between antioxidant capacity and total phenol content of wines, due to the variable reactivity of different phenol groups, the analysis of the phenol content provides only a crude indication of the actual antioxidant capacity. The analysis of antioxidant capacity on different polyphenol classes, separated by solid phase extraction, indicated that anthocyanins are the major antioxidants of young red wines, and tannins of old red wines and white wines. Several vintages of the same grape have been analyzed and the expected decrease of antioxidant capacity upon ageing was not observed, although spectrophotometric analysis clearly demonstrated the shift from anthocyanin monomers to polymers. Artificial ageing by stirring under air produced a rapid decrease (30 min) of antioxidant capacity followed by an increase (up to two weeks), but not any significant modification of the spectrophotometric chemical age factor. Since neither natural nor artificial ageing present a clear-cut relationship with a decrease of antioxidant capacity, we could conclude that the a priori assumption that an old wine contains less antioxidant capacity, although popular, is not fully correct.
PARALLEL ALGORITHM FOR COLOUR TEXTURE GENERATION USING THE RANDOM NEURAL NETWORK MODEL (1992)

We propose a parallel algorithm for the generation of colour textures based upon the non-linear equations of the "multiple class random neural network model". A neuron is used to obtain the texture value of each pixel in the bit-map plane. Each neuron interacts with its immediate planar neighbours in order to obtain the texture for the whole plane. A model which uses at most 4(C 2 + C) parameters for the whole network, where C is the number of colours, is proposed. Numerical iterations of the non-linear field equations of the neural network model, starting with a randomly generated image, are shown to produce textures having different desirable features such as granularity, inclination and randomness. The experimental evaluation shows that the random network provides good results, at a computational cost which is considerably less than that of other approaches such as Markov random fields.
RadioUNet: Fast Radio Map Estimation With Convolutional Neural Networks (2021)

In this paper we propose a highly efficient and very accurate deep learning method for estimating the propagation pathloss from a point x (transmitter location) to any point y on a planar domain. For applications such as user-cell site association and device-to-device link scheduling, an accurate knowledge of the pathloss function for all pairs of transmitter-receiver locations is very important. Commonly used statistical models approximate the pathloss as a decaying function of the distance between transmitter and receiver. However, in realistic propagation environments characterized by the presence of buildings, street canyons, and objects at different heights, such radial-symmetric functions yield very misleading results. In this paper we show that properly designed and trained deep neural networks are able to learn how to estimate the pathloss function, given an urban environment, in a very accurate and computationally efficient manner. Our proposed method, termed RadioUNet, learns from a physical simulation dataset, and generates pathloss estimations that are very close to the simulations, but are much faster to compute for real-time applications. Moreover, we propose methods for transferring what was learned from simulations to real-life. Numerical results show that our method significantly outperforms previously proposed methods.
Confinement and Surface Effects in B and P Doping of Silicon Nanowires (2008)

Several experimental groups have achieved effective n- and p-type doping of silicon nanowires (SiNWs). However, theoretical analyses on ultrathin SiNWs suggest that dopants tend to segregate to their surfaces, where they would combine with defects such as dangling bonds (DB), becoming electronically inactive. Using fully ab initio calculations, we show that the differences in formation energies among surface and core substitutional sites decrease rapidly as the diameters of the wires increase, indicating that the dopants will be uniformly distributed. Moreover, occurrence of the electronically inactive impurity/DB complex rapidly becomes less frequent for NWs of larger diameters. We also show that the high confinement in the ultrathin SiNWs causes the impurity levels to be deeper than in the silicon bulk, but our results indicate that for NWs of diameters larger than approximately 3 nm the impurity levels recover bulk characteristics. Finally, we show that different surfaces will lead to different dopant properties in the gap.
Comparative analysis of cancer vaccine settings for the selection of an effective protocol in mice (2013)

Here we demonstrate that, in the setting of a cancer vaccine strategy, a comparative analysis of different personalized approaches may favour the unveiling of the most effective protocol. Moreover, our findings suggest that counteraction of IL-10 activity may be critical to revert the intratumoral environment promoting Treg polarization, thus increasing the effects of a vaccination against selected TAA.
PENGARUH NILAI-NILAI KEISLAMAN TERHADAP PERILAKU ETIKA PROFESI PUSTAKAWAN MENURUT IKATAN PUSTAKAWAN INDONESIA (IPI) DI BADAN PERPUSTAKAAN DAERAH PROPINSI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA (2009)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan serta seberapa besar pengaruh antara nilai-nilai keislaman terhadap prilaku etika profesi menurut Ikatan Pustakawan Indonesia (IPI) oleh pustakawan muslim Badan Perpustakaan Daerah Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Hipotesis yang diambil adalah nilai-nilai keislaman mempunyai pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap prilaku etika profesi menurut IPI di Badan Perpustakaan Daerah Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Untuk pengambilan data, peneliti menggunakan metode kuesioner dengan instrumen angket, wawancara sebagai pelengkap dan telaah pustaka. Setelah data diperoleh, kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis regresi linier sederhana sehingga didapatkan hasil kuantitatif. Setelah itu, data tersebut dijelaskan dengan teknik analisis kualitatif yang didukung dengan hasil wawancara dan observasi. 
Hasil analisis statistik yang diperoleh menjelaskan bahwa pertama ada hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara nilai-nilai keislaman dengan prilaku etika profesi pustakawan menurut IPI di Badan Perpustakaan Daerah Propinsi DIY dengan hasil nilai koefisien 0,563 dari uji regresi linier sederhana. Kedua, bahwa hipotesis kerja (Ha) terbukti dengan hasil dari t hitung t tabel (3,935 t 2,650). Hasil penelitian ini adalah hasil penelitian terapan perilaku etika pustakawan menurut IPI di Badan Perpustakaan Daerah Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta yang dipengaruhi oleh salah satu faktor nurture yakni nilai-nilai keislaman. Maka dari itu, demi meningkatkan kualitas pustakawan Insonesia, perlu dilakukan penelitian secara mendalam dan meluas tentang etika profesi pustakawan.
Adeno-associated virus transduction of islets with interleukin-4 results in impaired metabolic function in syngeneic marginal islet mass transplantation1 (2002)

Previous studies suggest that therapeutic expression of interleukin (IL)-4 by islet cells improves their efficacy in transplantation models directed at reversing type 1 diabetes. We investigated the effects of introducing IL-4 into islets with recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) on the reversal of hyperglycemia in a syngeneic marginal islet mass transplantation model. C57BL/6 islets were mock-transduced or transduced with rAAV expressing murine IL-4 (rAAV-IL-4) or rAAV expressing green fluorescent protein (rAAV-GFP) before transplantation of a marginal mass into diabetic mice. Normoglycemia was achieved in only 1/7 mice receiving rAAV-IL-4 transduced islets in comparison to 6/6 mock-transduced and 4/6 rAAV-GFP transduced animals. The failure of IL-4 expressing islets was not associated with cellular toxicity of rAAV or impairment of glucose-stimulated insulin release in vitro. Islet expression of IL-4 led to impaired metabolic function in mice receiving a marginal mass of syngeneic islets.
Synthesis of hapten and preparation of specific polyclonal antibody with high affinity for lenalidomide, the potent drug for treatment of multiple myeloma (2012)

The high affinity of the antibody (IC50 = 10 ng/mL) will be useful in the development of an immunoassay system for the determination of plasma LND concentrations. Current research is going to optimize the assay conditions and validate the procedures for the routine application in clinical laboratories.
Design of an FIR filter for the displacement reconstruction using measured acceleration in low‐frequency dominant structures (2009)

Abstract This paper presents a new class of displacement reconstruction scheme using only acceleration measured from a structure. For a given set of acceleration data, the reconstruction problem is formulated as a boundary value problem in which the acceleration is approximated by the second‐order central finite difference of displacement. The displacement is reconstructed by minimizing the least‐squared errors between measured and approximated acceleration within a finite time interval. An overlapping time window is introduced to improve the accuracy of the reconstructed displacement. The displacement reconstruction problem becomes ill‐posed because the boundary conditions at both ends of each time window are not known a priori . Furthermore, random noise in measured acceleration causes physically inadmissible errors in the reconstructed displacement. A Tikhonov regularization scheme is adopted to alleviate the ill‐posedness. It is shown that the proposed method is equivalent to an FIR filter designed in the time domain. The fundamental characteristics of the proposed method are presented in the frequency domain using the transfer function and the accuracy function. The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated by a numerical example, a laboratory experiment and a field test. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Room-temperature optical polarization of nuclear ensembles in diamond (2012)

We report polarization of a dense nuclear-spin ensemble in diamond at room temperature. The method is based on the transfer of electron spin polarization of negatively charged nitrogen vacancy (NV) color centers to the nuclear spins via the excited-state level anti-crossing (ESLAC) of the center. We demonstrate polarization of 80% of the 14 N nuclear spins related to the NV centers, as well as that of 50% of the proximal 13 C nuclear spins. This work may enable polarization of the 13 C in bulk diamond, which is of interest to applications of nuclear magnetic resonance, quantum memories in hybrid quantum devices, and in sensing.
Olanzapine for Cocaine Craving and Relapse Prevention in 2 Patients (2002)

Article AbstractLetter to the EditorSir: A major focus of research in treatment for cocaine and stimulant dependence has been pharmacologic interventions to decrease craving and prevent relapse. Various medications have shown promise in uncontrolled clinical trials, but most fail to show consistent advantage over placebo in double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. Despite this, many practitioners continue to try various medications in an effort to find some means of decreasing cocaine use in dependent patients.
The Relationship between Unemployment and Economic Growth in Nigeria: Granger Causality Approach (2016)

The study examined the relationship between unemployment and economic growth in Nigeria; and specifically focused on the impact of unemployment on economic growth for the period 1980-2013.Cointegration test, Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) technique and Granger causality test were employed in the analysis.The variables utilized in the investigation include real gross domestic product (RGDP), unemployment rate (UNEMP) and private consumption expenditure (PCE).Stationarity test was conducted and the results indicated that all the variables except UNEMP were stationary at level; however, UNEMP became stationary after first differencing.The cointegration test result revealed that long run relationship exists among the variables under study.More so, VECM result showed that unemployment has negative and significant impact on RGDP.Finally, the Granger causality results indicated unidirectional relationship between UNEMP and RGDP, with causality running from RGDP to UNEMP.Based on the findings above, the study therefore, recommends that government should as a matter of urgency create more employment opportunities to absorb the teeming population of the unemployed labour force in the country through modernization of the agricultural sector, bring in modern equipment in the facilities of agriculture to make the sector more attractive to all citizens despite one's qualifications and profession, as that alone would go a long way in reducing unemployment level in the country.
A Framework of a Smart Injection Molding System Based on Real-time Data (2017)

The manufacturing industry has been facing several challenges, including sustainability, performance and quality of production. Manufacturers attempt to enhance the competitiveness of companies by implementing CPS (Cyber-Physical Systems) through the convergence of IoT(Internet of Things) and ICT(Information & Communication Technology) in the manufacturing process level. However, a CPS platform (or Smart factory in other words) or a framework is composed of different types of data acquisition/handling method, decision making rules and functions depending on the characteristic of the manufacturing company. In this paper, we propose a smart injection molding system framework based on real-time manufacturing data considering the characteristics of injection molding processes, modules that compose the framework, and their detailed functions. This paper is expected to be used as a guideline to increase the market competitiveness of injection molding industry and support the construction of a smart factory in preparation of Industire 4.0.
Peroxidase-Catalyzed Oxidative Polymerization of Cresols to a New Family of Polyphenols (1995)

Abstract Enzymatic oxidative polymerization of cresols has been performed by using peroxidase catalyst in two types of polymerization solvent: an aqueous organic solution and a reverse micellar solution, to produce polymeric materials. Peroxidases derived from horseradish and soybean were employed as catalyst. The resulting polymers were partly soluble in DMF and DMSO, but, insoluble in water and other common organic solvents. The molecular weight of the DMF-soluble part was measured by GPC as ca. 5000. The solubility and molecular weight were dependent upon the polymerization condition and monomer structure. From IR and UV analyses, the polymer was found to be composed of a mixture of phenylene and oxyphenylene units. The polymer possessed no clear glass transition or melting points. TG analysis exhibited that the present polymers have relatively high thermal stability. The stability of the polymer from o- and m-cresols was better than that from the p-isomer. The polymer remained in around 40 weight % yield at 1000 °C under nitrogen.
ABR architecture and simulation for an input-buffered and per-VC queued ATM switch (2002)

This paper proposes an innovative concept, called virtual output queue, to support available bit rate (ABR) traffic on an input-buffered, per virtual circuit (VC) queued switch. This technique allows ABR models developed for output-buffered systems to be migrated to an input-buffered system. In order to evaluate the virtual output queue and to compare different ABR algorithms, a simulator of the ATM testbed at the University of Illinois has been enhanced with ABR functions. This paper provides simulation results for the input-buffered variation of the ERICA+ algorithm.