gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation of the gene coding for the alpha subunit of the human high affinity IgE receptor (1988)

Journal Article Isolation of the gene coding for the alpha subunit of the human high affinity IgE receptor Get access J. Kochan, J. Kochan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L.F. Pettine, L.F. Pettine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. Hakimi, J. Hakimi 1Department of ImmunopharmacologyHoffmann-La Roche Inc., Nutley, NJ 07110, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar K. Kishi, K. Kishi 2First Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University, School of Medicine1-754 Asahi-Machi, Niigata City, 951 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J.P. Kinet J.P. Kinet 3Section on Chemical Immunology, Arthritis and Rheumatism Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD 20892, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 16, Issue 8, 25 April 1988, Page 3584, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/16.8.3584 Published: 25 April 1988 Article history Received: 01 March 1988 Published: 25 April 1988
miRNA-Biomarker aus Blut – Auf dem Weg zur minimalinvasiven Diagnostik (2010)

Biomarker gewinnen in der modernen Medizin zunehmend an Bedeutung. Vor allem Biomarkeranalysen auf Genom- und Transkriptionsebene erlauben dank innovativer Technologien eine frühzeitige Diagnostik, Prognose sowie Risikoeinschätzung und können somit helfen, Patienten rechtzeitig und zuverlässig zu klassifizieren. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), eine Klasse kleiner, nicht proteincodierender RNAs, und ihrer deregulierten Expression wird eine Rolle bei der Entstehung und dem Verlauf von Krankheiten wie Krebs zugesprochen. Aufgrund des Einflusses, den sie offenbar auf die Pathogenese verschiedenster Erkrankungen haben, sowie der Möglichkeit, Veränderungen der Expression mit Krankheitsstadien zu assoziieren, eignen sich miRNAs als wertvolle diagnostische Biomarker. In aktuellen Studien mit Microarray-Technologie wurde gezeigt, dass miRNA-Biomarkeranalysen auf Grundlage minimalinvasiv zugänglichen Probenmaterials wie Blut oder anderer Körperflüssigkeiten möglich sind und einen vielversprechenden Ansatz für diagnostische Biomarkertests darstellen. miRNA-Expressionsanalysen mittels etablierter Biochips und einer automatisierten Geniom-RT-Analyzer-Plattform dienen hierbei der Entwicklung von Biomarkersignaturen für eine akkurate Patientenklassifikation. Die biomarkerbasierte Patientenuntersuchung und Risikoerfassung kann entscheidend zur frühzeitigen Detektion und spezifischen Diagnose von Krebs, wie beispielsweise dem Ovarialkarzinom, oder anderen Erkrankungen beitragen. Damit kann krankheitsübergreifend ein neuer Standard in der Diagnostik, bei Verlaufbeobachtungen und Prognose etabliert werden.
Racemisation of <i>R</i>-Bupivacaine:  A Key Factor in the Integrated and Economic Process for the Production of Levobupivacaine (2000)

Two methods for the racemisation of nonracemic bupivacaine and 2‘,6‘-pipecoloxylidide, a key intermediate in the synthesis of bupivacaine, are described. One uses carboxylic acids at high temperature and the other uses water and a cosolvent. The product obtained from the carboxylic acid racemisation is of suitable quality to generate commercial levobupivacaine hydrochloride (Chirocaine) 1[S], a less cardiotoxic alternative to bupivacaine hydrochloride (Marcaine) 1[R,S].
BeamStar: a new low-cost data routing protocol for wireless sensor networks (2005)

In this paper, we present a base station-assisted, location-aware routing protocol, which we call BeamStar, for wireless sensor networks. We make a major paradigm change by shifting computational intensive and energy consuming routing control overhead from sensor nodes to base stations. In BeamStar, each base station uses a directional antenna with power control. We show that these two capabilities are sufficient for each sensor node to determine its location, and the local location information is sufficient for power-efficient routing. Therefore, sensors are relieved of control and routing burdens, such as maintaining clusters and exchanging control information, yielding substantial energy savings. In addition, each data packet is forwarded in a constrained, loop-free mesh towards the base station, making data delivery robust to sensor failures and transmission errors. The proposed routing scheme is suitable for large-scale, dense sensor networks monitoring rare events.
The use of outer membrane vesicles as novel, mucosal adjuvants against intracellular bactiera (2022)

Abstract Many pathogens first enter the body via mucosal surfaces where they can then invade and disseminate systemically to cause disease. Despite this, most vaccines are given parenterally and are unable to induce mucosal immunity. Immunizing directly at the mucosa could solve this problem, however delivering vaccines at these surfaces often doesn’t invoke robust immunity. One way to alleviate this is to use adjuvants that can evoke an immune response. Most adjuvants, like aluminum salts, are unable to induce mucosal immunity and so novel adjuvants must be employed. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Burkholderia pseudomallei are potent immune mediators and have been shown to have adjuvant capabilities. The goal of this study is to highlight the role of OMVs as a novel adjuvant that can be used in the next generation of mucosal vaccines. To test this, we created an OMV-adjuvanted inactivated whole-cell vaccine against two intracellular pathogens – Salmonella Typhimurium and Francisella holarctica LVS that could be delivered mucosally. An oral vaccine against S. Typhimurium adjuvanted with OMVs showed protection against lethal challenge in addition to evoking antigen specific CD4 T cells, B cells, and anti-Salmonella antibodies. These antibodies induced greater bacterial killing in macrophages. We are currently exploring an OMV-adjuvanted oropharyngeally delivered vaccine against F. holarctica LVS. Immunity against Francisella requires both CD4 and CD8 T cells and we are determining how an OMV-adjuvanted vaccine will influence these immune cell populations. This study represents a novel approach to mucosal vaccines using OMVs as adjuvants. Supported by NIH U01 AI124289 NIH BAA HHSN72201800045C
Portable X-Y Scanner (1984)

Lightweight device uses one drive motor for surface scanning. Electromechanical X-Y Scanner indexed in both x and y by single motor. Constructed of readily available inexpensive parts. Used to move eddycurrent sensor over surface of metal plate; other applications for unique features include low power consumption, light weight, and portability.
Induction of Adult T-Cell Leukemia-Like Lymphoproliferative Disease and Its Inhibition by Adoptive Immunotherapy in T-Cell-Deficient Nude Rats Inoculated with Syngeneic Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1-Immortalized Cells (1999)

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) has been shown to be the etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), but the in vivo mechanism by which the virus causes the malignant transformation is largely unknown. In order to investigate the mechanisms of HTLV-1 leukemogenesis, we developed a rat model system in which ATL-like disease was reproducibly observed, following inoculation of various rat HTLV-1-immortalized cell lines. When previously established cell lines, F344-S1 and TARS-1, but not TART-1 or W7TM-1, were inoculated, systemic multiple tumor development was observed in adult nude (nu/nu) rats. FPM1 cells, newly established from a heterozygous (nu/+) rat syngeneic to nu/nu rats, caused transient tumors only at the injection site in adult nu/nu rats, but could progressively grow in newborn nu/nu rats and metastasize in lymph nodes. The derivative cell line (FPM1-V1AX) serially passed through newborn nu/nu rats acquired the potency to grow in adult nu/nu rats. These results indicated that only some with additional changes but not all of the in vitro HTLV-1-immortalized cell lines possessed in vivo tumorigenicity. Using the syngeneic system, we further showed the inhibition of tumor development by transferring splenic T cells from immunized rats, suggesting the involvement of T cells in the regression of tumors. This novel and reproducible nude rat model of human ATL would be useful for investigation of leukemogenesis and antitumor immune responses in HTLV-1 infection.
Highly porous non-precious bimetallic electrocatalysts for efficient hydrogen evolution (2015)

A robust and efficient non-precious metal catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction is one of the key components for carbon dioxide-free hydrogen production. Here we report that a hierarchical nanoporous copper-titanium bimetallic electrocatalyst is able to produce hydrogen from water under a mild overpotential at more than twice the rate of state-of-the-art carbon-supported platinum catalyst. Although both copper and titanium are known to be poor hydrogen evolution catalysts, the combination of these two elements creates unique copper-copper-titanium hollow sites, which have a hydrogen-binding energy very similar to that of platinum, resulting in an exceptional hydrogen evolution activity. In addition, the hierarchical porosity of the nanoporous copper-titanium catalyst also contributes to its high hydrogen evolution activity, because it provides a large-surface area for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution, and improves the mass transport properties. Moreover, the catalyst is self-supported, eliminating the overpotential associated with the catalyst/support interface.
In-Cylinder Pressure-Based Low-Pressure-Cooled Exhaust Gas Recirculation Estimation Methods for Turbocharged Gasoline Direct Injection Engines (2018)

This paper proposes three different methods to estimate the low-pressure cooled exhaust gas recirculation (LP-EGR) mass flow rate based on in-cylinder pressure measurements. The proposed LP-EGR models are designed with various combustion parameters (CP), which are derived from (1) heat release analysis, (2) central moment calculation, and (3) principal component analysis (PCA). The heat release provides valuable insights into the combustion process, such as flame speed and energy release. The central moment calculation enables quantitative representations of the shape characteristics in the cylinder pressure. The PCA also allows the extraction of the influential features through simple mathematical calculations. In this paper, these approaches focus on extracting the CP that are highly correlated to the diluent effects of the LP-EGR, and the parameters are used as the input states of the polynomial regression models. Moreover, in order to resolve the effects of cycle-to-cycle variations on the estimation results, a static model-based Kalman filter is applied to the CP for the practically usable estimation. The fast and precise performance of the proposed models was validated in real-time engine experiments under steady and transient conditions. The proposed LP-EGR mass flow model was demonstrated under a wide range of steady-states with an R2 value over 0.98. The instantaneous response of the cycle-basis LP-EGR estimation was validated under transient operations.
Non-Stiction Performance of Various Post Wet-Clean Drying Schemes on High-Aspect-Ratio Device Structures (2013)

Line collapse or distortion of high-aspect-ratio nanostructures during drying step in wet process has been an issue in semiconductor industry due to feature size shrinkage following rapid technology advancement. In this work, three drying schemes, including drying with solvent vapor exposure, by sublimation, and following surface modification, were compared on 2x NAND STI structures. Acetone vapor assisted drying achieved non-stiction performance on high-aspect-ratio trenches with both 40nm and 20nm spacing. Sublimation and SAM formation only worked on the features with 40nm spacing. Further investigation to follow for failure mechanism study and stiction-free drying development.
A Fractional-Order Kinetic Battery Model of Lithium-Ion Batteries Considering a Nonlinear Capacity (2019)

Accurate battery models are integral to the battery management system and safe operation of electric vehicles. Few investigations have been conducted on the influence of current rate (C-rate) on the available capacity of the battery, for example, the kinetic battery model (KiBaM). However, the nonlinear characteristics of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are closer to a fractional-order dynamic system because of their electrochemical materials and properties. The application of fractional-order models to represent physical systems is timely and interesting. In this paper, a novel fractional-order KiBaM (FO-KiBaM) is proposed. The available capacity of a ternary LIB module is tested at different C-rates, and its parameter identifications are achieved by the experimental data. The results showed that the estimated errors of available capacity in the proposed FO-KiBaM were low over a wide applied current range, specifically, the mean absolute error was only 1.91%.
Microfluidic cell culture array for on-chip cell biology (2005)

An arrayed microfluidic platform was developed for cell biology applications. Using soft lithography methods, individual cell culture units were fabricated with a diameter from 50-500 /spl mu/m. The channel height aspect ratio modulation (CHARM) design allowed fine control of fluidic flow through the array, enabling uniform cell loading, reduced shear stress, and decoupling of fluid transport from cell growth. A variety of adherent mammalian tissue culture cell lines were successfully cultured in the array with continuous perfusion of medium for over 2 weeks. Individual culture units were multiplexed in 2 dimensions to create 6/spl times/6 and 8/spl times/8 arrays, allowing row and column addressing to provide a unique culture environment in each microchamber. Demonstrated functionalities for cell biology research included repeated cell passaging in a fully enclosed microenvironment, fluorescent cell analysis (live and fixed), on-chip protein transfection, and multiplexed long-term "flow-cell" microscopy.
Atmospheric Water Harvesting: A Review of Material and Structural Designs (2020)

Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) emerges as a promising means to overcome the water scarcity of arid regions, especially for inland areas lacking liquid water sources. Beyond conventional system engineering that improves the water yield, novel moisture-harvesting materials provide new aspects to fundamentally promote the AWH technology benefiting from their high tunability and processability. Innovative material and structural designs enable the moisture harvesters with desirable features, such as high water uptake, facile water collection and long-term recyclability, boosting the rapid development of next-generation AWH. In this Perspective, we first illustrate the sorption mechanism, including absorption and adsorption for moisture-harvesting materials and summarize fundamental requirements, as well as design principles of moisture harvesters. Recent progress on material and structural designs of moisture harvesters for AWH is critically discussed. We conclude with prospective directions for next-generation moisture harvesters to promote AWH from scientific research to practical application.
Identification of human intestinal trefoil factor. Goblet cell-specific expression of a peptide targeted for apical secretion. (1993)

Trefoil peptides are a recently recognized group of small peptides abundantly produced at mucosal surfaces that offer the opportunity to define mechanisms of mucosal cell-specific differentiation and to illuminate new mechanisms for the preservation of mucosal integrity. We report the cDNA cloning of a 75-amino acid human trefoil factor expressed in small and large intestinal mucosas that is highly homologous to the intestinal trefoil factor, with 70% identity at the amino acid level of the predicted mature protein. This human intestinal trefoil factor is also homologous, although to a lesser extent, to trefoil peptides expressed at other sites in the gastrointestinal tract in man, exhibiting absolute conservation of the P domain motif (CX9CX9CX4CCX9WCF) that defines this family of peptides. These findings indicate a high degree of evolutionary conservation of organ/region-specific members of this peptide family. In situ hybridization of intestinal trefoil factor demonstrates a high degree of expression in mature small intestine villus and colonic epithelial goblet cells. Immunogold staining demonstrates high concentrations of intestinal trefoil factor in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and theca of goblet cells as well as throughout the mucosal surface, consistent with vectorial secretion of this factor by goblet cells onto the intestinal luminal surface. In addition, intestinal trefoil factor was also localized within columnar epithelial cells by immunogold labeling despite the absence of mRNA. These observations suggest that peptide secreted by goblet cells might be taken up from the luminal surface and transcytosed by enterocytes. Human intestinal trefoil factor expression was also detected in the HT-29N2 and HT-29H2 subclones in conjunction with the emergence of the goblet cell phenotype, but not in the CaCO2 cell line that exhibits enterocytic phenotype. In summary, these findings confirm the existence of a highly conserved family of peptides that are abundantly expressed in distinctive regions throughout the gastrointestinal tract in a highly cell-specific pattern reflecting a goblet cell differentiation pathway. They form one of the more abundant constituents of the interface between the mucosa and "outside" environment and may provide a new paradigm of regulation of the integrity of epithelial surfaces as well as a previously unrecognized dimension of goblet cell function.
Aranorosinol A and aranorosinol B, two new metabolities from Pseudoarachniotus roseus: Production, isolation, structure elucidation and biological properties. (1992)

Two new secondary metabolites, aranorosinol A (1) and aranorosinol B (2), were isolated from a strain of Pseudoarachniotus roseus. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of their spectral properties and chemical transformations and were found to be similar to aranorosin (3) isolated from the same strain.
Effect of Sodium Alginate Fibers Encapsulating Rejuvenators on the Self-Healing Capability and Cracking Resistance of Asphalt Mixtures (2020)

In this study, the effect of adding sodium alginate fibers to enhance the self-healing capability of asphalt mixtures was evaluated. Two fiber types containing two different rejuvenators were synthesized, and their production parameters were optimized. A self-healing experiment was conducted using a three-point bending setup to evaluate the effect of different fiber contents on the healing efficiency and strength recovery of the mixtures. The fracture resistance of the mixtures at intermediate temperature was evaluated using the semicircular bending (SCB) test. Additionally, the rutting and fatigue behaviors of recovered binders were evaluated through rheological tests. The self-healing experiment showed that the asphalt mixture prepared with 15% fiber content by weight of the binder exhibited the best performance. From the SCB test, the highest critical-strain energy release rate (Jc) value was obtained at a 5% fiber content for both fiber types. Binder testing showed that binder blends with 5% fiber content had the highest rutting resistance. Linear Amplitude Sweep (LAS) test results also indicated that the binders with 5% fiber content exhibited the best performance against fatigue cracking. Overall, the use of 5% fiber seems to be a promising alternative and should be further evaluated.
Thermally targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics and anti-cancer peptides by elastin-like polypeptide (2008)

Current chemotherapy treatment of solid tumors is limited due to a lack of specific delivery of the drugs to the tumor, leading to systemic toxicity. Therefore, it is necessary to develop targeted cancer therapies and tumor-targeted drug carriers. The authors review the development of elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) as a potential carrier for thermally targeted delivery of therapeutics. The authors searched Medline for articles concerning the application of ELP as a drug delivery vector for small molecule drugs and therapeutic peptides. ELP has been demonstrated to be a promising thermally targeted carrier. Further examination of the in vivo biodistribution and efficacy will provide the necessary data to advance ELP technology toward the ultimate goal of human therapeutics.
Fundamentals of Vibration Sensing with Distributed Fibre Optic Sensors through Downscaled Experiments (2014)

Summary In the past few years the Distributed Vibration Sensing of fibre optic sensors (also called Distributed Acoustic Sensing) has gained great interest in geophysics, despite the fundamentals of the measurement being poorly understood. The technology offers immense improvement in terms of efficiency when compared with current geophysical methods and also could be preferred for applications such as permanent reservoir monitoring. We present a method for downscaled experimentation that enabled us to define the fundamentals of the optical fibre measurement. We show seismic data that were recorded simultaneously by both the fibre optical interferometer and conventional geophones, thus enabling the comparison of sensor performance. We present results focused on wave-polarity sensitivity and the directionality of fibre measurements. The current interrogation method of optical fibre cables cannot distinguish between wavefields coming from opposite azimuthal directions, which can be an issue in certain applications where the identification of up-going and down-going wavefields is essential. Observations are also presented that describe the relationship between the velocity signal that is measured using a geophone array and the phase difference measurement from the fibre optic sensing system.
The optimization of a single-stage valved pulse tube refrigerator (1996)

The pulse tube refrigerator, which has made great progress in the past couple of years, is a typical thermoacoustic device and has attracted attention because it may be replacing conventional cryocoolers, such as Stirling and Gifford–McMahon refrigerators. The pulse tube refrigerator is a very interesting system from the viewpoint of thermoacoustics because it consists of a regenerator where entropy is pumped with a reversible process by the progressive wave component of the oscillation, and a pulse tube where work flows adiabatically. A four-valve-type single-stage pulse tube refrigerator was constructed, which has a pressure switching valve system at the hot end of the pulse tube with a conventional GM compressor unit. The four-valve type is an active and easy way to evaluate the boundary condition of phase and displacement quantitatively. By the optimization of the phase shifting, driving conditions, and the shapes, the lowest temperature of 30 K and cooling power of 10 W (at 80 K) for 700 W of power consumption are obtained, at present. The key point of achieving higher performance is how to reduce the work dissipation in the regenerator and the heat transfer losses via the pulse tube. In this session, an actual approach to this viewpoint will be discussed.