gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bis((diphenylphosphino)(diethylphosphino)ethane)copper(1+) chloride: a chelated copper(I) complex with tetrahedral stereochemistry. Rate of inversion compared with those of isostructural silver(I) and gold(I) complexes (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBis((diphenylphosphino)(diethylphosphino)ethane)copper(1+) chloride: a chelated copper(I) complex with tetrahedral stereochemistry. Rate of inversion compared with those of isostructural silver(I) and gold(I) complexesS. J. Berners Price, C. Brevard, A. Pagelot, and P. J. SadlerCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1986, 25, 5, 596–599Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00225a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00225a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views134Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Smoothest Bearings: Interlayer Sliding in Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (2000)

The well-defined geometry and extreme structural anisotropy of a multiwalled carbon nanotube can bring qualitatively new features to its nanometer-scale tribology. Efficient cancellation of registration-dependent interactions in incommensurate tubes (and also, surprisingly, certain axial commensurate tubes) can induce extremely small and nonextensive shear strengths.
Sub-atmospheric gas purification for EUVL vacuum environment control (2012)

High purity gas supply for optics purging and cleaning under vacuum is required to be maintained at the output of the mini-environment gas distribution box in EUV scanners. Typically H<sub>2</sub> gas is used for cleaning and purging while N<sub>2</sub> gas is used for purging H<sub>2</sub> lines post exposure. An investigation of gas purifier performance for moisture removal is made under sub-atmospheric pressure conditions. An evaluation of moisture levels as a function of switching between H<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub> gas supply states is also conducted. A superior performance (below instrument LDL) is observed for HX (Entegris, Inc.) gas purifier under various test conditions in the 10-100 kPa pressure range. Our preliminary studies provide a better understanding of gas purifier related moisture outgassing under vacuum and should facilitate better control and standardization of tool set-up parameters for environment in EUV lithography.
<i>Bordetella pertussis</i>Strain Lacking Pertactin and Pertussis Toxin (2016)

A Bordetella pertussis strain lacking 2 acellular vaccine immunogens, pertussis toxin and pertactin, was isolated from an unvaccinated infant in New York State in 2013. Comparison with a French strain that was pertussis toxin-deficient, pertactin wild-type showed that the strains carry the same 28-kb deletion in similar genomes.
B cell early response gene expression coupled to B cell receptor, CD40 and interleukin‐4 receptor co‐stimulation: evidence for a role of the <i>egr‐2</i>/<i>krox20</i> transcription factor in B cell proliferation (1996)

B lymphocytes are activated following antigen stimulation of the B cell receptor but require co-stimulation with accessory molecules provided by interleukin (IL)-4/CD40 ligand for cell cycle progression and proliferation. By analyzing a panel of 11 early response genes induced by cross-linking of surface immunoglobulin, we show that CD40 signaling alone induces only 2 genes, c-myc together with an anonymous gene, 3L3, and that these are distinct from the set of genes induced in response to IL-4. Co-stimulation with the proliferative combination of anti-mu, IL-4 + CD40 signaling led to a fourfold enhancement of egr-2/krox 20 expression over that seen with anti-mu alone. Egr-2 expression/activity was selectively inhibited by the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A, and antisense oligonucleotide blockade of Egr-2 activity elicited a dose-dependent inhibition of B cell proliferation. Taken together, these observations show that the early gene regulatory programs coupled to different surface receptors on B cells are largely distinct from each other, but that certain genes, exemplified by egr-2, may represent a point of convergence in the integration of different signaling pathways into the B cell proliferative response.
Highly circularly polarized electroluminescence from organic light-emitting diodes with wide-band reflective polymeric cholesteric liquid crystal films (2007)

The authors have observed highly circularly polarized electroluminescence from organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) using wide-band reflector consisting of three-layered left-handed polymeric cholesteric liquid crystal (PCLC) films. By simply attaching the wide-band reflective PCLC reflector to a conventional OLED, the authors obtained a high degree of circular polarization, i.e., the ratio of brightness between right- and left-handed circularly polarized electroluminescences is over 10 over the whole emission band.
On event-based optical flow detection (2015)

Event-based sensing, i.e., the asynchronous detection of luminance changes, promises low-energy, high dynamic range, and sparse sensing. This stands in contrast to whole image frame-wise acquisition by standard cameras. Here, we systematically investigate the implications of event-based sensing in the context of visual motion, or flow, estimation. Starting from a common theoretical foundation, we discuss different principal approaches for optical flow detection ranging from gradient-based methods over plane-fitting to filter based methods and identify strengths and weaknesses of each class. Gradient-based methods for local motion integration are shown to suffer from the sparse encoding in address-event representations (AER). Approaches exploiting the local plane like structure of the event cloud, on the other hand, are shown to be well suited. Within this class, filter based approaches are shown to define a proper detection scheme which can also deal with the problem of representing multiple motions at a single location (motion transparency). A novel biologically inspired efficient motion detector is proposed, analyzed and experimentally validated. Furthermore, a stage of surround normalization is incorporated. Together with the filtering this defines a canonical circuit for motion feature detection. The theoretical analysis shows that such an integrated circuit reduces motion ambiguity in addition to decorrelating the representation of motion related activations.
Differentiation of binding sites on reconstituted hepatic scavenger receptors using oxidized low-density lipoprotein (1992)

Reduced hepatic membrane receptors for acetylated low-density lipoprotein (acetyl-LDL) and maleylated BSA (Mal-BSA) with apparent molecular masses of 35 kDa, 85 kDa and 15 kDa have been extracted from rat liver and separated by affinity chromatography as described by us previously [Ottnad, Via, Sinn, Freidrich, Ziegler & Dresel (1990) Biochem. J. 265, 689-698]. Binding of these three reduced scavenger receptors to oxidatively modified LDL has been now examined. Competition studies with receptor-phosphatidylcholine complexes and 131I-acetyl-LDL and 131I-Mal-BSA as ligands were conducted. Mal-BSA, acetyl-LDL and fully oxidized LDL were used as competitors, and differentiated in the three receptors three types of binding site: a class I binding site for acetyl-LDL, Mal-BSA and fully oxidized LDL; a class II binding site recognizing only 131I-Mal-BSA and class III binding sites recognizing 131I-Mal-BSA and fully oxidized LDL. The results of competition studies with mildly oxidized LDL and polyadenylic acid demonstrated that the binding sites might be even more heterogenous. Thus there is evidence that the reconstituted receptors either have several binding sites for each of the various ligands or are functionally different, despite the fact that they do not differ in their apparent molecular masses.
The C-terminal region of the focal adhesion kinase F1 domain binds Akt1 and inhibits pressure-induced cell adhesion. (2017)

Increased extracellular pressure or shear stress activate a complex signal pathway that stimulates integrin binding affinity and potentiates metastatic cell adhesion. Inhibiting either focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Akt1 can block this pathway, but risks interfering with the diverse other functions of each kinase. However, the mechanotransduced signal pathway involves a novel Akt1-FAK interaction not required for most FAK or Akt1 function, so modeling and blocking this interaction seems a desirable target. Building upon previous work suggesting that FAK-Akt1 binding is mediated by the FAK F1 lobe, we demonstrated that independently expressing the F1 domain in human Caco-2 or murine CT-26 colon cancer cells by transient or stable inducible plasmid expression respectively prevents the stimulation of cancer cell adhesion by increased extracellular pressure. Serial further truncation of the FAK F1 lobe identified shorter regions capable of pulling down Akt1 on a glutathione S-transferase (GST) - conjugated column. Ultimately, we identified a 33 residue segment (residues 94-126) at the C-terminal of the F1 lobe as sufficient to pull down Akt1. These findings raise the possibility of developing a treatment modality around the disruption of the FAK-Akt1 interaction using peptides modeled from FAK.
Achieving Accurate Image Registration as the Basis for Super-Resolution (2003)

Crucial information barely visible to the human eye is often embedded in a series of low-resolution images taken of the same scene. Super-resolution enables the extraction of this information by reconstructing a single image, at a higherresolution than is present in any of the individual images. This is particularly useful in forensic imaging, where the extraction of minute details in an image can help solve a crime. The capturing of multiple low-resolution images taken of the same scene results in a distortion between each image. Image registration is the process of determining this distortion. This information is then used in the super-resolution process to create a set of simulated low-resolution images. The differences between these simulated images and the observed images are then used to iteratively update an initial estimate of the high-resolution image. Successful superresolution is dependent on accurate image registration. In this thesis, we examine the hypothesis that the visual quality of a reconstructed high-resolution image
Cryptanalysis of a chaotic image encryption method (2003)

The security of digital images attracts much attention recently, and many image encryption methods have been proposed. In IS-CAS2000, a new chaotic key-based algorithm (CKBA) for image encryption was proposed. This paper points out CKBA is very weak to the chosen/known-plaintext attack with only one plain-image, and its security to brute-force ciphertext-only attack is overestimated by the authors. That is to say, CKBA is not secure at all from cryptographic viewpoint. Some experiments are made to show the feasibility of the chosen/known-plaintext attack. We also discuss some remedies to the original scheme and their performance, and we find none of them can essentially improve the security of CKBA.
Influence of distance and frequency variations on wireless power transfer (2017)

Distance and frequency variation are the main causes for dramatic decrease of the output power and efficiency in wireless power transfer system. The influence of these parameters should be considered from the design stage. This paper investigates the effect of distance and proposes a method to estimate the distance with maximum output power for air-core coils. The effect of operating frequency focused on the frequency splitting phenomena is investigated. Results have shown that tighter coupling does not always result in higher power transfer. An optimal distance corresponding to the maximum power transfer is proposed. Regardless of the frequency splitting phenomena, the critical coupling distance is determined using the proposed method for the maximum power transfer.
Optimal transport theory for power-efficient deployment of unmanned aerial vehicles (2016)

In this paper, the optimal deployment of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) acting as flying base stations is investigated. Considering the downlink scenario, the goal is to minimize the total required transmit power of UAVs while satisfying the users' rate requirements. To this end, the optimal locations of UAVs as well as the cell boundaries of their coverage areas are determined. To find those optimal parameters, the problem is divided into two sub-problems that are solved iteratively. In the first sub-problem, given the cell boundaries corresponding to each UAV, the optimal locations of the UAVs are derived using the facility location framework. In the second sub-problem, the locations of UAVs are assumed to be fixed, and the optimal cell boundaries are obtained using tools from optimal transport theory. The analytical results show that the total required transmit power is significantly reduced by determining the optimal coverage areas for UAVs. These results also show that, moving the UAVs based on users' distribution, and adjusting their altitudes can lead to a minimum power consumption. Finally, it is shown that the proposed deployment approach, can improve the system's power efficiency by a factor of 20 χ compared to the classical Voronoi cell association technique with fixed UAVs locations.
İBRAHİM GÜLİSTAN VE 1979 DEVRİMİNE KADAR İRAN SİNEMASINA KISA BİR BAKIŞ (2019)

In this study, it has been tried to give brief and concise information on the emergence of Iranian cinema which has a unique place in the world with its successful films and directors, the progress of cinema in Iran until 1979 and the works of Ibrahim Gulistan in cinema.The stages of Iranian cinema until 1979 were mentioned in short chapters and information about Ibrahim Gulistan's introduction to cinema, his contribution in this field and his films were also included.
Cutting Edge: Functional Interactions Between Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR1 or TLR6 in Response to Phenol-Soluble Modulin (2001)

Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 play important roles in the early, innate immune response to microbial challenge. TLR2 is preferentially involved in the inflammatory response to lipoteichoic acid, lipopeptides, and glycans from a variety of microbes, whereas TLR4 is essential for a complete response to LPSs. We report here that TLR2 transduces the response to phenol-soluble modulin, a factor secreted by Staphylococcus epidermidis. The TLR2-mediated response to this modulin was enhanced by TLR6 but inhibited by TLR1, indicating a functional interaction between these receptors. We also demonstrate that a response to phenol-soluble modulin mediated by TLR2 and TLR6 was more refractory to inhibition by TLR1 than one mediated by TLR2 alone.
Distributed Pricing-Based User Association for Downlink Heterogeneous Cellular Networks (2014)

This paper considers optimization of the user and base-station (BS) association in a wireless downlink heterogeneous cellular network under the proportional fairness criterion. We first consider the case where each BS has a single antenna and transmits at fixed power and propose a distributed price update strategy for a pricing-based user association scheme, in which the users are assigned to the BS based on the value of a utility function minus a price. The proposed price update algorithm is based on a coordinate descent method for solving the dual of the network utility maximization problem and it has a rigorous performance guarantee. The main advantage of the proposed algorithm as compared to an existing subgradient method for price update is that the proposed algorithm is independent of parameter choices and can be implemented asynchronously. Further, this paper considers the joint user association and BS power control problem and proposes an iterative dual coordinate descent and the power optimization algorithm that significantly outperforms existing approaches. Finally, this paper considers the joint user association and BS beamforming problem for the case where the BSs are equipped with multiple antennas and spatially multiplex multiple users. We incorporate dual coordinate descent with the weighted minimum mean-squared error (WMMSE) algorithm and show that it achieves nearly the same performance as a computationally more complex benchmark algorithm (which applies the WMMSE algorithm on the entire network for BS association) while avoiding excessive BS handover.
Molecular determinants and mechanism for antibody cocktail preventing SARS-CoV-2 escape (2021)

Antibody cocktails represent a promising approach to prevent SARS-CoV-2 escape. The determinants for selecting antibody combinations and the mechanism that antibody cocktails prevent viral escape remain unclear. We compared the critical residues in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) used by multiple neutralizing antibodies and cocktails and identified a combination of two antibodies CoV2-06 and CoV2-14 for preventing viral escape. The two antibodies simultaneously bind to non-overlapping epitopes and independently compete for receptor binding. SARS-CoV-2 rapidly escapes from individual antibodies by generating resistant mutations in vitro, but it doesn't escape from the cocktail due to stronger mutational constraints on RBD-ACE2 interaction and RBD protein folding requirements. We also identified a conserved neutralizing epitope shared between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV for antibody CoV2-12. Treatments with CoV2-06 and CoV2-14 individually and in combination confer protection in mice. These findings provide insights for rational selection and mechanistic understanding of antibody cocktails as candidates for treating COVID-19.
Economics of polymer blends (1982)

Abstract Economic, technological, and regulatory pressures gradually narrow the chemical variety of polymers: in 1975, the market share of polyethylene was 40 percent, poly(vinyl chloride), 23 percent, polystyrene, 12 percent, and polypropylene, 11 percent, adding up to 86 percent of all thermoplastics (1‐3). The same pressures compel the plastics processor to diversify formulations and production methods. He must resort to new materials (e.g., polymer blends, polymer alloys, and composites) and new methods of manufacture. In this work, the economics of blending will be discussed. There are five reasons to employ polymer blends: higher performance at a reasonable price, modification of performance as a market develops, extending the performance of expensive resins, re‐use of plastics scrap, generation of a unique material as far as its processabilitv and/or performance are concerned. In Canada, the cost of blending varies from 8 to about 20 ¢/lb, depending primarily on the volume and the kind of material. The cost effectiveness depends on the total technical and economic environment in which the manufacturer operates; it has to be computed for each case separately. In the text, guidelines and examples are provided.
Attention-Based Deep Learning System for Negation and Assertion Detection in Clinical Notes (2019)

Natural language processing (NLP) has been recently used to extract clinical information from free text in Electronic Health Record (EHR). In clinical NLP one challenge is that the meaning of clinical entities is heavily affected by assertion modifiers such as negation, uncertain, hypothetical, experiencer and so on. Incorrect assertion assignment could cause inaccurate diagnosis of patients’ condition or negatively influence following study like disease modelling. Thus, high-performance clinical NLP systems which can automatically detect negation and other assertion status of given target medical findings (e.g. disease, symptom) in clinical context are highly demanded. Here in this work, we propose a deep-learning system based on word embedding and Attention-based Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory networks (AttBiLSTM) for assertion detection in clinical notes. Unlike previous state-of-art methods which require knowledge input, our system is a knowledge poor machine learning system and can be easily extended or transferred to other domains. The evaluation of our system on public benchmarking corpora demonstrates that a knowledge poor deep-learning system can also achieve high performance for detecting negation and assertions comparing to state-of-the-art systems.
A porphyrin complex of Gold(I): (Phosphine)gold(I) azides as cation precursors (2008)

A silver- and Brönsted acid-free protocol for generating the (tricyclohexylphosphine)gold(I) cation from the corresponding azide complexes is disclosed. The gold(I) cations so liberated are trapped by complexation with octaethylporphyrin. The first structurally authenticated gold(I) porphyrin complex crystallizes with formula C(72)H(112)Au(2)F(12)N(4)P(2)Sb(2), space group C2/c, a = 21.388 (4), b = 19.679 (4), c = 19.231 (3) A; beta = 111.030 (3) degrees. Solution spectroscopic studies indicate that the di-gold complex fragments on dissolution in organic solvents. Approximate density-functional theory calculations find an electrostatic origin for the binding of two gold(I) centers to the unprotonated nitrogen atoms, despite greater orbital density on the porphyrin meso carbons.
Electrohydrodynamic Stretching of DNA in Confined Environments (1998)

The effect of confinement on the dynamics of polymers was studied by observing the transient extension and relaxation of single DNA molecules as they interacted with obstacles in a specially designed thin slit. Viscous drag was found to increase with the degree of confinement, which we interpret in terms of hydrodynamic screening by the planar surfaces of the slit. Since the DNA was driven by an electrophoretic force, the experimental data support the notion that an electric field acts on a tethered polyelectrolyte equivalently to a hydrodynamic flow.
Ad-hoc robot wireless communication (2003)

Communications and communication protocols play an important role in mobile robot systems able to address real world applications. Since the advent of high-performance wireless local area network (WLAN) and ad hoc networking technology at relatively low cost, their use for wireless communications among and control of mobile robots has become a practical proposition. However, in a large system with many mobile robots, it becomes difficult for all of robots to exchange information at a time because of their limited communication capacities. In this case, an ad hoc robot networking scheme is more promising. This paper presents the background of mobile ad hoc networks, ad hoc robot wireless communications, and their applications.