gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selective Butene Formation in Direct Ethanol-to-C<sub>3+</sub>-Olefin Valorization over Zn–Y/Beta and Single-Atom Alloy Composite Catalysts Using In Situ-Generated Hydrogen (2021)

The selective production of C3+ olefins from renewable feedstocks, especially via C1 and C2 platform chemicals, is a critical challenge for obtaining economically viable low-carbon middle-distillate transportation fuels (i.e., jet and diesel). Here, we report a multifunctional catalyst system composed of Zn–Y/Beta and “single-atom” alloy (SAA) Pt–Cu/Al2O3, which selectively catalyzes ethanol-to-olefin (C3+, ETO) valorization in the absence of cofed hydrogen, forming butenes as the primary olefin products. Beta zeolites containing predominately isolated Zn and Y metal sites catalyze ethanol upgrading steps (588 K, 3.1 kPa ethanol, ambient pressure) regardless of cofed hydrogen partial pressure (0–98.3 kPa H2), forming butadiene as the primary product (60% selectivity at an 87% conversion). The Zn–Y/Beta catalyst possesses site-isolated Zn and Y Lewis acid sites (at ∼7 wt % Y) and Brønsted acidic Y sites, the latter of which have been previously uncharacterized. A secondary bed of SAA Pt–Cu/Al2O3 selectively hydrogenates butadiene to butene isomers at a consistent reaction temperature using hydrogen generated in situ from ethanol to butadiene (ETB) conversion. This unique hydrogenation reactivity at near-stoichiometric hydrogen and butadiene partial pressures is not observed over monometallic Pt or Cu catalysts, highlighting these operating conditions as a critical SAA catalyst application area for conjugated diene selective hydrogenation at high reaction temperatures (>573 K) and low H2/diene ratios (e.g., 1:1). Single-bed steady-state selective hydrogenation rates, associated apparent hydrogen and butadiene reaction orders, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the Horiuti–Polanyi reaction mechanisms indicate that the unique butadiene selective hydrogenation reactivity over SAA Pt–Cu/Al2O3 reflects lower hydrogen scission barriers relative to monometallic Cu surfaces and limited butene binding energies relative to monometallic Pt surfaces. DFT calculations further indicate the preferential desorption of butene isomers over SAA Pt–Cu(111) and Cu(111) surfaces, while Pt(111) surfaces favor subsequent butene hydrogenation reactions to form butane over butene desorption events. Under operating conditions without hydrogen cofeeding, this combination of Zn–Y/Beta and SAA Pt–Cu catalysts can selectively form butenes (65% butenes, 78% C3+ selectivity at 94% conversion) and avoid butane formation using only in situ-generated hydrogen, avoiding costly hydrogen cofeeding requirements that hinder many renewable energy processes.
A single amino acid substitution (Trp666→Ala) in the interbox1/2 region of the interleukin-6 signal transducer gp130 abrogates binding of JAK1, and dominantly impairs signal transduction (2000)

gp130 is the common signal-transducing receptor chain of interleukin (IL)-6-type cytokines. Here we describe, for the first time, a single amino acid substitution (Trp666 → Ala) in the membrane-proximal interbox1/2 region that abrogates activation of STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) transcription factors and the proliferative response of pro-B-cell transfectants. Moreover, association of the Janus kinase JAK1 is prevented. No signalling of heterodimeric IL-5 receptor (IL-5R)/gp130 chimaeras occurs in COS-7 cells, even when only a single cytoplasmic chain of a gp130 dimer contains the Trp666Ala mutation, indicating that it acts dominantly.
Allostery and cooperativity revisited (2008)

Although phenomenlogical models that account for cooperativity in allosteric systems date back to the early and mid-60's (e.g., the KNF and MWC models), there is resurgent interest in the topic due to the recent experimental and computational studies that attempted to reveal, at an atomistic level, how allostery actually works. In this review, using systems for which atomistic simulations have been carried out in our groups as examples, we describe the current understanding of allostery, how the mechanisms go beyond the classical MWC/Pauling-KNF descriptions, and point out that the "new view" of allostery, emphasizing "population shifts," is, in fact, an "old view." The presentation offers not only an up-to-date description of allostery from a theoretical/computational perspective, but also helps to resolve several outstanding issues concerning allostery.
Efficacy and Tolerability of Split-Dose Magnesium Citrate: Low-Volume (2 Liters) Polyethylene Glycol vs. Single- or Split-Dose Polyethylene Glycol Bowel Preparation for Morning Colonoscopy (2010)

The split-dose magnesium citrate-low-volume (2 liters) PEG regimen was more efficient than and preferred to the conventional regimen of 4 liters of PEG, and it was equally efficient as, but, again, preferred to the split-dose (2+2 liters) regimen for morning colonoscopy.
Epitaxial growth of SrTiO3 thin films by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1995)

Epitaxial SrTiO3 thin films were prepared using low pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The volatile metalorganic precursors employed were Sr(hexafluoroacetyl acetonate)2⋅tetraglyme and titanium tetraisopropoxide. Single-phase, epitaxial films were deposited on (100)LaAlO3 at a temperature of 810 °C. In-plane epitaxy was verified using x-ray phi scan analysis. The SrTiO3 films exhibit a significant tetragonal distortion with c/a=1.010(±1.6×10−4) at room temperature. No evidence of fluorine contamination is noted by x-ray diffraction or by Auger electron spectroscopy measurements.
Distributed admission control (2000)

This paper describes a framework for admission control for a packet-based network where the decisions are taken by edge devices or end-systems, rather than resources within the network. The decisions are based on the results of probe packets that the end-systems send through the network, and require only that resources apply a mark to packets in a way that is load dependent. One application example is the Internet, where marking information is fed back via an ECN bit, and we show how this approach allows a rich QoS framework for flows or streams. Our approach allows networks to be explicitly analyzed, and consequently engineered.
How to select tools for microcontroller software (1991)

The factors that determine the choice of tools are identified. Symbolic versus source-level debugging, programming language tradeoffs, and assembler features are examined. The use of CASE (computer-aided software engineering) tools is briefly considered.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Sequence discriminators and their use in frequency division multiplex-communication systems (1979)

A simple theory of networks exhibiting sequence discrimination and their use for producing quadrature signals is first presented. A channel unit employing sequence discriminators (SD's), namely, passive (RC), passive with feedback, and active designs are discussed. A channel unit employing SD's and the associated modulation and demodulation schemes are suggested. Statistical sensitivity results and experimental results using thick film resistor and NPO chip capacitor implementations are also given. These indicate that the (SD) approach for single-sideband generation and detection is very promising in FDM applications. This technique which uses resistors, capacitors, and commercial integrated circuits is simple to implement and requires no specially developed technologies.
Nanovector (2007)

Nanovector was founded in 2001 and is one of the companies that first began working in the nanomedicine field in Italy, having a specific focus on developing its technical platform for drug-delivery applications. Proprietary lipid nanocarriers, microemulsions and Solid Lipid Nanoparticles have been tested over recent years, delivering different drugs by different administration routes: in this profile, a short overview of our main results will be given. The delivery system platform has shown and confirmed promising characteristics. Focusing on solid lipid nanoparticles, a leading possibility as a carrier for hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs, we have tested four administration routes (intravenous, oral/duodenal, eye topical and transdermal), their rapid internalization into cells, their in vivo targeting to areas not usually reached (brain and eye posterior globe) and their ability to cross the intestinal mucosa, thus enabling administration of drugs from intravenous to oral. Nanovector aims to exploit the proprietary technical platform to develop therapeutics in areas with strong unmet medical needs and promising market opportunities.
ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY of SELECTED JUICES: INFLUENCES of TEMPERATURE, SOLIDS CONTENT, APPLIED VOLTAGE, and PARTICLE SIZE<sup>1</sup> (1991)

ABSTRACT A device was developed to determine the electrical conductivities of foods under ohmic or conventional heating conditions. Orange and tomato juices (serum and various solids contents) were tested in the device. the electrical conductivity of juices increased with temperature and decreased with solids content. the temperature dependence of conductivity was linear, both under conventional and ohmic heating. Experiments on suspensions of carrot juice solids, and polystyrene spheres in sodium phosphate solution showed an increase in electrical conductivity of the suspension with decreasing particle size.
Non-Contact Ultrasonic Flow Measurement for Small Pipes Based on AlN Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer Arrays (2021)

In this paper, we propose a non-contact ultrasonic liquid flowmeter based on AlN piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer (PMUT) arrays. Two 10 by 10 PMUT arrays with resonant frequency of 980 kHz in air are mounted outside of a pipe to measure liquid flow without contacting the liquid. An acoustic matching layer is designed to mitigate the loss of sound waves caused by sound reflection. Under excitation of continuous wave, the flow of the liquid can be determined via detecting the phase difference between transmitting and received signals. The measurement range of flow is 0.515 L/min ~ 3.40 L/min and the measurement error is less than 3%. Moreover, an interpolation method is proposed to reduce the signal sampling frequency without obviously affecting the measurement accuracy, which shows potential for further system integration.
Double-sided tin nanowire arrays for advanced thermal interface materials (2013)

This investigation examines a fundamentally new type of thermal interface material (TIM) based on a double-sided array of tin nanowires (NWs) prepared using a hot-pressing approach with the assistance of anodic aluminum oxide templates. The metal based TIM effectively reduces the contact resistance, while the flexible nanowires show excellent mechanical compliance to increase the actual contact area with the mating rough surfaces. The results indicate that the overall thermal contact resistance of the two rough copper surfaces assisted by the tin NW array can reduce the overall resistance to 29 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> KW <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> at 0.25 MPa and 20 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> KW <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> at 1.0 MPa.
First Hydrotalcite-like Sulfonate Coordination Network Incorporating Robust Cationic Layers and Flexible Interlayer Interactions (2005)

In this paper, a novel coordination network of D,L-homocysteic acid with strontium chloride is reported. This compound exhibits an infinite microporous multilayered structure, describable as one-dimensional coordination-based microtubes cross-linking into cationic layers. Chloride anions are intercalated between layers to neutralize the charge, and the layers further pack into a three-dimensional solid via electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), variable-temperature Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) are presented to extensively study the structure. Results show that the compound is stable up to 326 degrees C. Below this temperature, the layered structure is sustained in the process of the reversible loss/gain of coordinated water, confirming that the network involves a robust coordination-based cationic layer framework but rather flexible interlayer interactions. This compound and its analogies are expected to have potential applications in anion exchange and gas storage.
WHAT IS A MATROID (2003)

Matroids were introduced by Whitney in 1935 to try to capture abstractly the essence of dependence. Whitney's definition em- braces a surprising diversity of combinatorial structures. Moreover, ma- troids arise naturally in combinatorial optimization since they are pre- cisely the structures for which the greedy algorithm works. This survey paper introduces matroid theory, presents some of the main theorems in the subject, and identifies some of the major problems of current research interest.
3D‐Printed Biodegradable Polymeric Vascular Grafts (2015)

Congenital heart defect interventions may benefit from the fabrication of patient-specific vascular grafts because of the wide array of anatomies present in children with cardiovascular defects. 3D printing is used to establish a platform for the production of custom vascular grafts, which are biodegradable, mechanically compatible with vascular tissues, and support neotissue formation and growth.
Integration of gallium nitride and silicon: From devices to Diamond (2011)

A collection of slides from the author's conference presentation is given. The following topics are discussed: silicon as a substrate for GaN epitaxy; N-Polar GaN HEMT; and GaN/Diamond wafer process.
Cure kinetics of a low epoxide/hydroxyl group‐ratio bisphenol a epoxy resin–anhydride system by infrared absorption spectroscopy (1981)

Abstract An infrared absorption spectroscopy study of the curing kinetics of a low (1.12) epoxide/hydroxyl‐group ratio bisphenol A epoxy resin—phthalic anhydride system is reported. A full infrared peak assignment to molecular vibrational modes is given for the range 400 to 4000 cm −1 , and the optical density behavior of all peaks during reaction is discussed in detail. Proposed rival reaction mechanisms are considered and their respective kinetic behavior discussed. The reaction was found to follow consecutive‐step addition esterification and simultaneous addition etherification, and epoxide—hydroxyl group and carboxylic acid dimer hydrogen bonding was found to occur. The reaction behavior supports a proposed hydroxyl group‐limited inhomogeneous bulk reaction mechanism of a colloid type.
SWAD: small arms fire warning and direction finding system: a passive IR concept (2007)

A passive IR approach for stationary system is introduced providing protection to high value infrastructure and strategic areas by detecting and warnings against fire shot from rifles, carbines, sub-machines and various other small arms - SWAD. SWAD provides protected surroundings in which it remotely detects small arms fire. By analyzing their patterns, including duration and intensity, SWAD classifies the type of weapon being used.
Integrating meta-path selection with user-guided object clustering in heterogeneous information networks (2012)

Real-world, multiple-typed objects are often interconnected, forming heterogeneous information networks. A major challenge for link-based clustering in such networks is its potential to generate many different results, carrying rather diverse semantic meanings. In order to generate desired clustering, we propose to use meta-path, a path that connects object types via a sequence of relations, to control clustering with distinct semantics. Nevertheless, it is easier for a user to provide a few examples ("seeds") than a weighted combination of sophisticated meta-paths to specify her clustering preference. Thus, we propose to integrate meta-path selection with user-guided clustering to cluster objects in networks, where a user first provides a small set of object seeds for each cluster as guidance. Then the system learns the weights for each meta-path that are consistent with the clustering result implied by the guidance, and generates clusters under the learned weights of meta-paths. A probabilistic approach is proposed to solve the problem, and an effective and efficient iterative algorithm, PathSelClus, is proposed to learn the model, where the clustering quality and the meta-path weights are mutually enhancing each other. Our experiments with several clustering tasks in two real networks demonstrate the power of the algorithm in comparison with the baselines.
Research on power energy load forecasting method based on KNN (2019)

To study the power energy load forecasting method using KNN algorithm. The domestic and foreign literatures are used to analyse the shortcomings of the existing power energy load forecasting methods using thge KNN algorithm and the related energy source software is used to design the power energy load forecasting system from data access, overall structure and function division through Portelt technology. After that, the application effect of functional areas such as data anomaly warning and data analysis is observed. The KNN-based power energy load forecasting method designed in this paper can accurately analyse and forecast the power load in a short period of time and has high forecasting accuracy. The results verify the validity and accuracy of the power energy load forecasting method in this paper.
<title>Design considerations for achieving high accuracy with the SHOALS bathymetric lidar system</title> (1996)

The ultimate accuracy of depths from an airborne laser hydrography system depends both on careful hardware design aimed at producing the best possible accuracy and precision of recorded data, along with insensitivity to environmental effects, and on post-flight data processing software which corrects for a number of unavoidable biases and provides for flexible operator interaction to handle special cases. The generic procedure for obtaining a depth from an airborne lidar pulse involves measurement of the time between the surface return and the bottom return. In practice, because both of these return times are biased due to a number of environmental and hardware effects, it is necessary to apply various correctors in order to obtain depth estimates which are sufficiently accurate to meet International Hydrographic Office standards. Potential false targets, also of both environmental and hardware origin, must be discriminated, and wave heights must be removed. It is important to have a depth confidence value matched to accuracy and to have warnings about or automatic deletion of pulses with questionable characteristics. Techniques, procedures, and algorithms developed for the SHOALS systems are detailed here.
Longitudinal tau accumulation and atrophy in aging and alzheimer disease (2018)

Our findings indicate that tau accumulates even in amyloid-negative healthy OA and this process can be measured with in vivo tau-PET. In OA, tau accumulation and atrophy share a similar topography. In AD, tau increases more rapidly and accumulation occurs in frontal regions that are not yet undergoing significant atrophy. Ann Neurol 2019; 1-12 ANN NEUROL 2019;85:229-240.
In Vitro Displacement by Rat Serum of Adsorbed Radiolabeled Poloxamer and Poloxamine Copolymers from Model and Biodegradable Nanospheres (1998)

Poloxamer 407 and poloxamine 908 have been used by many research groups to modify the surface of both model latex and biodegradable nanospheres, thereby producing nanospheres that have shown reduced protein adsorption in vitro and extended circulation times in vivo. A potential limitation of such systems is the desorption of the copolymer coating layer. We describe a two-stage process to radiolabel poloxamer 407 and poloxamine 908 that has facilitated an investigation into this potential desorption, in vitro. The first stage of the labeling procedure involved the substitution of the terminal hydroxyl groups in each poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) chain of poloxamer 407 and poloxamine 908 with an amino group. The aminated copolymers were then radiolabeled with 125Iodine Bolton-Hunter reagent. The efficiency of labeling was calculated to be approximately 20% for the tetramine poloxamine 908 and approximately 33% for the diamine poloxamer 407. Remaining free amino groups were then either acetylated, using acetic anhydride, or left in the free amino form. Covalent linkage of the radiolabel to the copolymer was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The stability of the link between radiolabel and copolymer to hydrolysis was also confirmed; <4% loss of radiolabel occurred from poloxamine 908 after incubation in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at 37 degrees C for 8 days. The radiolabeled copolymers (with the free amino groups acetylated) were then used in experiments that have given the first direct evidence that adsorbed copolymers can be displaced by serum proteins in significant amounts from the surface of model and biodegradable nanospheres. The displacement was highly dependent on copolymer-nanosphere compatibility, with up to 78% of 125I tetramine poloxamine 908 being displaced from poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanospheres in 24 h, compared with 20% displacement of 125I tetramine poloxamine 908 in 24 h from polystyrene nanospheres. These results have direct implication for the future design of drug delivery systems based on coated nanospheres.
Emission characteristics of optically pumped GaN-based vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (2006)

The laser emission characteristics of a GaN-based vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser with two dielectric distributed Bragg reflectors were investigated under optically pumped operation at room temperature. The laser emitted wavelength at 415.9nm with an emission linewidth of 0.25nm and threshold pumping energy of 270nJ. The laser has a high characteristic temperature of about 278K and high spontaneous emission coupling factor of 10−2. The laser emission showed single and multiple spot emission patterns with spectral and spatial variations under different pumping conditions.
11-Membered macrocycles containing the diarsa moiety (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT11-Membered macrocycles containing the diarsa moietyEvan P. Kyba and Shang-Shing P. ChouCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 23, 7012–7014Publication Date (Print):November 5, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 5 November 1980https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00543a018RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views102Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (418 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts