gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reading frame restoration at the EYS locus, and allele-specific chromosome removal after Cas9 cleavage in human embryos (2020)

Summary The correction of disease-causing mutations in human embryos could reduce the burden of inherited genetic disorders in the fetus and newborn, and improve the efficiency of fertility treatments for couples with disease-causing mutations in lieu of embryo selection. Here we evaluate the repair outcomes of a Cas9-induced double-strand break (DSB) introduced on the paternal chromosome at the EYS locus, which carries a frame-shift mutation causing blindness. We show that the most common repair outcome is microhomology-mediated end joining, which occurs during the first cell cycle in the zygote, leading to embryos with non-mosaic restoration of the reading frame. However, about half of the breaks remain unrepaired, resulting in an undetectable paternal allele and, upon entry into mitosis, loss of one or both chromosomal arms. Thus, Cas9 allows for the modification of chromosomal content in human embryos in a targeted manner, which may be useful for the prevention of trisomies. Highlights Cas9-mediated DSB induction and repair by end joining occurs within hours End joining provides an efficient way to restore reading frames without mosaicism Unrepaired DSBs persist through mitosis and result in frequent chromosome loss
Synthesis and evaluation of 99mTc(CO)3(FEDA): a new dual-purpose 99mTc/18F renal imaging agent (2015)

654 Objectives Our recent work identified two 99mTc(CO)3 renal tracers with essentially identical pharmacokinetic properties in rats to those of 131I-OIH, the clinical gold standard for the measurement of effective renal plasma flow. The fact that both of these tracers had uncharged dangling groups led us to examine the pharmacokinetic properties of the structurally similar 99mTc(CO)3 complex with N-(fluoroethyl)iminodiacetic acid (FEDA), that has the potential to serve as a dual-purpose 99mTc/18F renal tubular imaging agent. Methods FEDA was prepared by the reaction of 1-bromo-2-fluoroethane with dimethyl 2,29-iminodiacetate, followed by an alkaline hydrolysis of methyl esters. FEDA was labeled using an IsoLink kit and purified by HPLC. 99mTc(CO)3(FEDA) was evaluated in rats using 131I-OIH as an internal control; urine was analyzed for metabolites. Plasma protein binding (PPB) and erythrocyte uptake (RCB) were determined from the 10 min blood samples. The Re(CO)3 analog was prepared for structural characterization. Results 99mTc(CO)3(FEDA) was efficiently prepared as a single species with high radiochemical purity (>99%), and was stable through 24 h at physiological pH. It showed rapid blood clearance, high specificity for renal excretion and a lack of significant uptake in other organs. The % injected dose in the urine was 100% and 99% that of 131I-OIH at 10 and 60 min, respectively. The tracer was secreted intact in the urine; PPB was 61% and RCB was 20%. Conclusions 99mTc(CO)3(FEDA) is a new, stable, well-defined tricarbonyl tracer with an uncharged fluoroethyl pendant group that shows excellent potential as a renal tracer due to a rapid renal excretion comparable to that of 131I-OIH. Based on these results, studies of the structurally analogous complex 18F-Re(CO)3(FEDA) are warranted to determine if the renal clearance of 18F-Re(CO)3(FEDA) will exceed that of other 18F renal tracers in development. Research Support NIH Grant R37 DK038842
Activation of Monocyte and Granulocyte Antibody-Dependent Cytotoxicity by Phorbol Myristate Acetate (1982)

We have characterized the effects of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) on human monocyte and neutrophil oxidative metabolism and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity toward anti-D sensitized human erythrocytes (RBC) and a human lymphoblastoid cell line (CEM). Hexose monophosphate shunt activity was measured by [1-(14)C]glucose oxidation and target lysis by (51)Cr release. PMA produced a dose-dependent stimulation of hexose monophosphate shunt activity. Neutrophils responded with higher hexose monophosphate shunt activity and at a lower PMA concentration than did monocytes. PMA increased monocyte lysis of antibody-sensitized RBC by two-thirds, but did not affect lysis of CEM targets. Neutrophils were unable to lyse either antibody-sensitized or nonsensitized RBC without the addition of PMA. When PMA was added, lysis of both targets increased markedly. Neutrophils without PMA were able to lyse a small number of both antibody-sensitized and nonsensitized CEM targets. PMA also increased neutrophil lysis of these targets. Target lysis by neutrophils from a patient with chronic granulomatous disease, cells unable to produce reactive oxygen species, was not increased by PMA. Chronic granulomatous disease monocytes, however, responded to PMA by more than doubling lysis of antibody-sensitized RBC. Hypoxia inhibited PMA augmentation of antibody-sensitized RBC lysis by neutrophils, but not by monocytes. Generation of reactive oxygen species by the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system inhibited CEM growth, but did not cause lysis, indicating that in some cases oxidative injury may be nonlytic. We suggest that PMA augments neutrophil cytotoxicity to tumor and RBC targets by stimulating reactive oxygen species-mediated lysis, but in monocytes augmentation of lysis is due to activation of a nonoxidative mechanism of lysis.
A Microwave Attenuation Comparator as an Industrial On-Line Moisture Controller (1975)

The circuit of a moisture content - attenuation - voltage converter in the form of a microwave attenuation comparator is presented in the paper. Time-domain discrimination of the measuring and reference signals has been applied. Independence between the measurements results and the phase relations in the sensor as well as the microwave elements parameters unstability has been assured. A special direct-coupled d.c.amplifier has been interconnected between comparators output and signal level meter. A 0,001 dB resolution and 0,01 dB long-term stability within a measured attenuation range of 20 dB has been achieved.
A Study of African American English Variant Based on the Corpus of Afro-American Music (2022)

As black culture became a trend, African American English, used by the majority of Afro-Americans, also gained influence. In order to solve the prejudice and misunderstanding toward language variant, this paper, taking Afro-American music as corpus, sorts out the characteristics and development history of AAE, introduces the concept of language variant, and analyzes AAE from the perspective of sociolinguistics. It is expected to arouse the attention to AAE English variant in the field.
Very early treatment with infliximab in addition to methotrexate in early, poor‐prognosis rheumatoid arthritis reduces magnetic resonance imaging evidence of synovitis and damage, with sustained benefit after infliximab withdrawal: Results from a twelve‐month randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial (2005)

Remission induction with infliximab plus MTX provided a significant reduction in MRI evidence of synovitis and erosions at 1 year. At 2 years, functional and quality of life benefits were sustained, despite withdrawal of infliximab therapy. These data may have significant implications for the optimal use of expensive biologic therapies.
Continuous Additive Manufacturing using Olefin Metathesis (2022)

The development of chemistry is reported to implement selective dual-wavelength olefin metathesis polymerization for continuous additive manufacturing (AM). A resin formulation based on dicyclopentadiene is produced using a latent olefin metathesis catalyst, various photosensitizers (PSs) and photobase generators (PBGs) to achieve efficient initiation at one wavelength (e.g., blue light) and fast catalyst decomposition and polymerization deactivation at a second (e.g., UV-light). This process enables 2D stereolithographic (SLA) printing, either using photomasks or patterned, collimated light. Importantly, the same process is readily adapted for 3D continuous AM, with printing rates of 36 mm h<sup>-1</sup> for patterned light and up to 180 mm h<sup>-1</sup> using un-patterned, high intensity light.
Blood Separation and Plasma Fractionation (1991)

Whole blood and plasma procurement and the impact of plasmapheresis, G.Myllylae liquid storage of human erythrocytes, C.Hoegman preservation of red blood cells and platelets - freezing, storage, recovery and quality, C.Valeri platelet apheresis and leucapheresis, C.Sibinga the collection, preparation and storage of mononuclear leukocytes for cancer therapy and research, H.Stevenson et al purification of factor VIII procoagulant from plasma, G.Rock purification technologies for human plasma albumin, J.More and M.Harvey antibody purification from plasma, R.Rousell and J.McCue preparation of special plasma products, P.Feldman and L.Winkelman viral contamination of human plasma and procedures for preventing virus transmission by plasma products, B.Cuthbertson et al screening procedures for blood-borne viruses, J.Barbara.
Fabrication challenges and opportunities for high-mobility materials: from CMOS applications to emerging derivative technologies (2019)

With increasing challenges in reducing power density while keeping and even increasing the device performance at every new technology node, innovations in both the device architecture and materials will be needed to ensure continuous improvements in power, performance, area and cost. For the last decade, replacing the Si channel by higher mobility materials like III-V and (Si)Ge has been considered as one of the most challenging innovations needed to further scale down the supply voltage and improve the overall energy efficiency of CMOS circuits. While these materials will not only contribute to enhancing the standard CMOS performance, the possibility of integrating these materials on a Si platform opens exciting new opportunities to build unique circuits, systems and applications. Especially in RF applications, co-integration of III-V/GaN and Si CMOS might be the key enabling technology to provide the speed and power efficiency required for next generation mobile communications. While the device architectures under consideration differ from nowadays ultra-scaled FinFET and nanowire/nanosheet technologies, and their scaling in general is more relaxed, there are significant challenges related to integrating these components on Si substrates. It will need innovations in patterning, deposition and cleaning, next to addressing the challenges of handling these novel materials in a standard CMOS environment. In this work, we will review the status and integration challenges of these materials for both advanced CMOS technologies and RF applications. Focus will be put on the required advancements in etch and deposition needed to enable the integration of these novel materials and devices on a Si platform.
Generating compensation designs for tangential breast irradiation with artificial neural networks (2002)

In this paper we discuss a study comparing an algorithm implemented clinically to design intensity-modulated fields with two artificial neural networks (ANNs) trained to design the same fields. The purpose of the algorithm is to produce compensation for tangential breast radiotherapy in order to improve dose homogeneity. This was achieved by creating intensity-modulated fields to supplement standard wedged fields. Portal image data were used to create thickness maps of the medial and lateral fields, which in turn were used to design the wedged and intensity-modulated fields. The ANNs were developed to design the intensity-modulated fields from the portal image data and corresponding fluence map alone. One used localized groups of portal image pixels related to the fluence map (method 2), and the other used a one-to-one mapping between spatially corresponding pixels (method 3). A dosimetric comparison of the methods was performed by calculating the overall dose distribution. The volume of tissue outside the dose range 95-105% was used to assess dose homogeneity. The average volume outside 95-105%, averaged over 80 cases, was shown to be 2.3% for the algorithm, whilst average values of 9.9% and 13.5% were obtained for methods 2 and 3, respectively. The results of this study demonstrate the ability of an ANN to learn the general shape of compensation required and explore the use of image-based ANNs in the design of intensity-modulated fields.
Daily load profiles for residential, commercial and industrial low voltage consumers (2000)

This paper presents the results of the study carried out for the determination of the residential, commercial and industrial consumers daily load curves based on field measurements performed by the Utilities of Electric Energy of Sao Paulo State, Brazil. A methodology for the aggregation of these loads to determine the expected loading in equipment of in a preset part of the distribution network by using the representative daily curves of each consumer's activity and the monthly energy consumption of the connected consumers is also presented.
Self‐Assembled Functional DNA Superstructures as High‐Density and Versatile Recognition Elements for Printed Paper Sensors (2018)

Micrometer-sized functional nucleic acid (FNA) superstructures (denoted as 3D DNA) were examined as a unique class of biorecognition elements to produce highly functional bioactive paper surfaces. 3D DNA containing repeating sequences of either a DNA aptamer or DNAzyme was created from long-chain products of rolling circle amplification followed by salt aging. The resulting 3D DNA retained its original spherical shape upon inkjet printing and adhered strongly to the paper surface via physisorption. 3D DNA paper sensors showed resistance to degradation by nucleases, suppressed nonspecific protein adsorption, and provided a much higher surface density of functional DNA relative to monomeric FNAs, making such species ideally suited for development of paper-based biosensors.
The Chitranjan Ranawat Award: Is Neutral Mechanical Alignment Normal for All Patients?: The Concept of Constitutional Varus (2011)

An important fraction of the normal population has a natural alignment at the end of growth of 3° varus or more. This might be a consequence of Hueter-Volkmann's law. Restoration of mechanical alignment to neutral in these cases may not be desirable and would be unnatural for them.
Downregulation of differentiation specific gene expression by oxidative stress in ARPE-19 cells. (2001)

Oxidative stress in differentiated ARPE-19 cells alters the expression of FGFR1, FGFR2, CRALBP, and RPE65 toward levels characteristic of the undifferentiated state. If similar changes take place in vivo, these events could alter the proliferative potential, viability, and even the function of the RPE.
Studies on Caecomyces communis: Morphology and Development (1991)

The development of Caecomyces communis was studied with light and fluorescence microscopy. Caecomyces communis is a monocentric fungus which develops to form either a thallus consisting of one or more sporangia attached to a vegetative cell or a mycelioid thallus. During the formation of a vegetative cell with attached sporangia, the posteriorly uniflagellate zoospore encysts and produces a broad germ tube which develops into an incipient vegetative cell. The vegetative cell enlarges faster than the zoospore cyst which develops into an incipient sporangium. A unisporangiate thallus consists of one sporangium attached to a large, vacuolate, vegetative cell. Thallus development may terminate at this unisporangiate stage or further development into a multisporangiate thallus may occur. During multisporangiate thallus formation, the vegetative cell forms one or more outgrowths that become sporangial stalks. Nuclei occur within the vegetative cell and, at maturity, sporangia are formed at the tips of the outgrowths. Often, instead of forming sporangia at the tips of outgrowths produced by the vegetative cell, the outgrowths enlarge into thick filaments. These filaments branch extensively and nuclei occur within the branches. Sporangia are formed at the tips of such filaments which results in a mycelioid thallus. The development and morphology of C. communis and C. equi are compared.
Feature story: The evolution of volunteering (2014)

National Emergency Response Journal is pleased to present an inspiring speech delivered by Margaret Bell AM on the evolving nature of volunteering at the Australian Emergency Management Volunteer Forum meeting held in Mt Macedon, Victoria, recently.
Acute Flaccid Myelitis: A Clinical Review (2020)

Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is an emerging disorder primarily affecting children that is characterized by acute flaccid paralysis accompanied by abnormalities of the spinal cord gray matter on magnetic resonance imaging. In most cases, prodromal fever or respiratory symptoms occur, followed by acute-onset flaccid limb weakness. Respiratory, axial, bulbar, facial, and extraocular muscles may also be affected. The clinical manifestations have been described as "polio-like," due to striking similarities to cases of poliomyelitis. The primary site of injury in AFM is the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord, resulting in a motor neuronopathy. Seasonal peaks of cases have occurred in the United States every 2 years since 2012. However, AFM remains a rare disease, which can make it challenging for physicians to recognize and differentiate from other causes of acute flaccid paralysis such as Guillain-Barre syndrome, spinal cord stroke, and transverse myelitis. Epidemiological evidence suggests that AFM is linked to a viral etiology, with nonpolio enteroviruses (in particular enterovirus D68) demonstrating a plausible association. The epidemiology, possible etiological factors, clinical features, differential diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of AFM are discussed in this review.
First Records of Amblyomma americanum, Ixodes (Ixodes) dentatus, and Ixodes (Ceratixodes) uriae (Acari: Ixodidae) from Maine (1998)

The first records of 3 ixodid tick species collected in the state of Maine are reported. A total of 23 records of the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum (L., 1758), in 11 counties from hosts with no history of travel outside the state demonstrates that this tick is now a resident of Maine. Ixodes dentatus Marx, 1899 is recorded from Waldo and Lincoln counties, and Ixodes uriae White, 1852 is recorded from Matinicus Rock in Knox County. This is the first report of I. uriae from the eastern United States. Disease agents such as those causing human monocytic ehrlichiosis, Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and several arboviruses have been recorded from 1 or more of these tick species.
Blood group antigen expression in developing pancreas and in induced pancreatic cancer cells in Syrian hamsters (1990)

Expression of blood group-related antigens and the binding pattern of Ulex europaeus-I (UEA-I) in fetal and newborn hamster pancreases was examined immunohistochemically by monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) against blood group antigens and by peroxidase-conjugated UEA-I. The fetal hamster pancreas was detected histologically at the 12th day of gestation. MoAbs A, B and Le(a) were not immunoreactive with pancreatic cells in any stage of development nor were they after birth. Le(x) was first expressed in the luminal surface of duct cells at the 13th day of gestation, disappeared at the 15th day of gestation, was re-expressed after birth in acinar cells and was absent in the adult pancreas. Le(b) and Le(y) were expressed in acinar cells in late fetal and early newborn stages, but disappeared with maturation and were absent in the adult pancreas. UEA-I binding, however, was demonstrated in both fetal and adult pancreatic tissue. In cancer cells induced by BOP, blood group antigens except for Le(a) and UEA-I binding were found in various reactivity. These findings suggest that in hamsters (i) A and B antigens are tumor-related antigens; (ii) H, Le(b), Le(x) and Le(y) are oncofetal antigens; and (iii) fucosylation is an important event in cell differentiation.
PRODUKCIA OBILNIN SLOVENSKEJ REPUBLIKY V SPOLOCNEJ ORGANIZACII TRHU (2003)

The work analyses cultivation of cereals (wheat, barley, rye, grain maize) in Slovakia from the viewpoint of its accession to the European Union. Possibilities of establishing these agricultural commodities and their competitiveness at the Common Market are studied and the conditions for allocation of direct subsidies on this important group of agricultural crops within the EU's common agricultural policy are examined.
Design and Modeling of Micromachined Condenser MEMS Loudspeaker using Permanent Magnet Neodymium-Iron-Boron (Nd-Fe-B) (2006)

There has been some work in recent years to produce MEMS speakers. Geometries have included diaphragm structures, cantilever beams, and thermally actuated domes. The diaphragm skeleton is built out of the metal and glass layers of the CMOS chip, greatly reducing the layering ad patterning required, compared to other MEMS designs. "Brute multiplicity" is useful to circumvent the poor linearity of the individual elements; the number of elements determines the distortion of the total sound produced, not the quality of the transducer. The objective of this research focused on design a new way to produce the sound in rang of human hearing using micro speaker (on MEMS scale) and study concerned about possibility of MEMS speaker fabrication.
Nitric oxide synthase activity in blood vessels of spontaneously hypertensive rats: antioxidant protection by gamma-tocotrienol. (2003)

Involvement of free radicals and nitric oxide (NO) has long been implicated to the pathogenesis of essential hypertension. Several studies using antioxidants as the radical scavenger have shown to confer protection against free radical mediated diseases. This study is designed to investigate the role of antioxidant gamma-tocotrienol on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). SHR's were divided into four groups namely untreated SHR (HC), treatment with 15 mg gamma-tocotrienol/kg diet (gammal), 30 mg gamma-tocotrienol/kg diet (gamma2) and 150 mg gamma-tocotrienol/kg diet (gamma3) and studied for three months. Wister Kyoto (WKY) rats were used as the control (C). Blood pressure was recorded every fortnightly by tail plethysmography. Animals were sacrificed and NOS activity in blood vessels was measured by [3H]arginine radioactive assay. Nitrite concentration in plasma was determined by Greis assay and lipid peroxides in the blood vessels by spectrofluorometry. This study showed that gamma-tocotrienol significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP) in SHRs with a maximum reduction in group treated with gamma-tocotrienol 15 mg/kg diet (HC: 210 +/- 9 mmHg, gammal:123 +/- 19 mmHg). Blood vessels from untreated SHR showed a reduced NOS activity compare to that of WKY rats (C: 1.54 +/- 0.26 pmol/mg protein, HC: 0.87 +/- 0.23 pmol/mg protein; p<0.001). Gamma-tocotrienol improves NOS activity in all the groups with more significance in group gamma2 (p<0.001) and gamma3 (p<0.05). Plasma level of nitrite was reduced in SHR from 55 +/- 3 microM/ml in WKY to 26+/-2 muM/ml (p<0.001). Plasma nitrite level was reversed by treatment with gamma-tocotrienol. (gammal: p<0.001, gamma2: p<0.005, gamma3: p<0.001, respectively). In all the treatment groups, NOS activity showed significant negative correlation with blood pressure (gammal: r=-0.716, p<0.05; gamma2: r=-0.709, p<0.05; gamma3: r=-0.789, p<0.05). For plasma nitrite, although it shows a negative correlation with blood pressure it was significant only in gammal (r=-0.676, p<0.05) and gamma2 (r=-0.721, p<0.05). From this study we found that compared to WKY rats, SHR has lower NOS activity in blood vessels, which upon treatment with antioxidant gamma-tocotrienol increased the NO activity and concomitantly reduced the blood pressure. These findings further strengthen the hypothesis that free radicals and NO play critical role in pathogenesis of essential hypertension.