gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crystalline (metallo) aluminophosphate composition mcm-40 (1992)

This patent describes a method for synthesizing a composition comprising crystals having a framework topology giving an X-ray diffraction pattern with the following lines: Interplanar d-Spacings (A) Relative Intensity 11.20 {plus minus} 0.09 s-vs, 9.14 {plus minus} 0.08 vw-vs, 5.28 {plus minus} 0.05 vw-w, 4.78 {plus minus} 0.04 vw-s, 4.43 {plus minus} 0.04 vw-vs, 3.84 {plus minus} 0.03 vw-vs. Scale: vw (very weak) = 0.20; w (weak) = 20-40; m (medium) = 40-60; s (strong) = 60-80; vs (very strong) = 80-100 where these particular d-values are chosen so as to uniquely define a unit cell. It comprises: preparing a mixture capable of forming the composition, the mixture comprising sources of +3 valence element X, +5 valence element Y and optionally one or more elements M of a valence selected from the group consisting of +2, +4, and +6, water and a directing agent (DA), and having a composition, in terms of mole ratios, within the following ranges: M/X{sub 2}O{sub 3} 0 to 1.2, Y{sub 2}){sub 5}/X{sub 2}O{sub 3} 1 to 1.6, H{sub 2}O/X{sub 2}O{sub 3} 10 to 100, DA/X{sub 2}O{sub 3} 0.2 to 1.2 where DA is a diaminocyclohexane directing agent, and maintaining the mixture under sufficient conditions untilmore » crystals of the desired crystalline composition are formed, light and intensity of light received by the optical fibers; means for detecting a sample component band ins aid gel by means of the wave length and intensity determination; means for determining the location of the band by means of the sample component band detecting means and the location of the carriage; means for determining the temperature of the platform and/or gel; means for determining the voltage gradient in the gel; and means for controlling the temperature and the voltage gradient in the gel in response to a defined program.« less
An LED-only BRDF measurement device (2008)

Light emitting diodes (LEDs) can be used as light detectors and as light emitters. In this paper, we present a novel BRDF measurement device consisting exclusively of LEDs. Our design can acquire BRDFs over a full hemisphere, or even a full sphere (for the bidirectional transmittance distribution function BTDF), and can also measure a (partial) multi-spectral BRDF. Because we use no cameras, projectors, or even mirrors, our design does not suffer from occlusion problems. It is fast, significantly simpler, and more compact than existing BRDF measurement designs.
[Cultivated keratinocytes on micro-carriers: in vitro studies of a new carrier system]. (1997)

Epidermal grafts from confluently cultivated keratinocytes have been used since the early eighties for the treatment of severe burns, where the shortage of donor sites for split-thickness skin grafts did not allow for adequate wound coverage. The difficult handling of these grafts as well as the advanced differentiation of their epithelial cells into a multilayer sheet poses a problem for their clinical application. The aim of the study was to characterize cultivated keratinocytes, as well as to observe their migration and proliferation from the MC onto a surface. Keratinocytes were isolated from human foreskin and cultivated in serum-free and serum-containing medium according to a modified method by Rheinwald and Green. Collagen-coated Dextran beads were used as MC. The MC were colonized with keratinocytes using the Spinner culture technique. After seeding the colonized MC into culture flasks, their migration and proliferation was monitored regularly through immunohistochemical studies and measurement of the metabolic cell activity. Immunohistological staining proved that the cells isolated from human foreskin represent keratinocytes of the basal type. Keratinocytes, cultivated with serum-containing and serum free medium, both adhered to the surface of the MC, then migrated onto the surface of the flasks and proliferated to form a multilayer of epithelial cells. In the long-term, a flexible epithelial graft consisting of poorly differentiated keratinocytes should be available, which is simple to produce and easy to handle. This would be an alternative method for treating wounds, where the conventional multilayer epithelial graft (ET) is insufficient.
Atmospheric Pressure Femtosecond Laser Imaging Mass Spectrometry (2010)

We present a novel imaging mass spectrometry technique using femtosecond laser pulses to ablate and ionize the sample at ambient conditions with improved lateral resolution (10µm), as demonstrated here with a chemical image of vegetable cells.
Subunit of an Alpha-Interferon-Responsive Transcription Factor Is Related to Interferon Regulatory Factor and Myb Families of DNA-Binding Proteins (1992)

Alpha interferon stimulates transcription by converting the positive transcriptional regulator ISGF3 from a latent to an active form. This receptor-mediated event occurs in the cytoplasm, with subsequent translocation of the activated factor to the nucleus. ISGF3 has two components, termed ISGF3 alpha and ISGF3 gamma. ISGF3 gamma serves as the DNA recognition subunit, while ISGF3 alpha, which appears to consist of three polypeptides, is a target for alpha interferon signaling and serves as a regulatory component whose activation is required to form ISGF3. ISGF3 gamma DNA-binding activity was identified as a 48-kDa polypeptide, and partial amino acid sequence has allowed isolation of cDNA clones. ISGF3 gamma translated in vitro from recombinant clones bound DNA with a specificity indistinguishable from that of ISGF3 gamma purified from HeLa cells. Sequencing of ISGF3 gamma cDNA clones revealed significant similarity to the interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family of DNA binding proteins in the amino-terminal 117 residues of ISGF3 gamma. The other IRF family proteins bind DNA with a specificity related to but distinct from that of ISGF3 gamma. We note sequence similarities between the related regions of IRF family proteins and the imperfect tryptophan repeats which constitute the DNA-binding domain of the c-myb oncoprotein. These sequence similarities suggest that ISGF3 gamma and IRF proteins and the c-myb oncoprotein use a common structural motif for DNA recognition. Recombinant ISGF3 gamma, like the natural protein, interacted with HeLa cell ISGF3 alpha to form the mature ISGF3 DNA-binding complex. We suggest that other IRF family members may participate in signaling pathways by interacting with as yet unidentified regulatory subunits analogous to ISGF3 alpha.
Novel heteroclitic XBP1 peptides evoking antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes targeting various solid tumors. (2013)

3067 Background: Activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) allows for tumor cells to survive prolonged endoplasmic reticulum stress and hypoxic conditions. XBP1 is an upstream element and a critical transcriptional activator of the UPR, and its up-regulation in a variety of human solid tumor cancers makes it as a promising immunotherapeutic target. The purpose of these studies was to evaluate immunogenic HLA-A2 XBP1-specific peptides for their ability to elicit cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) against a variety of solid tumor cell lines. Methods: Upon the validation of XBP1 peptides for their strong HLA-A2 bindings and stabilities, peptide-specific CTL were generated ex vivo by repeated stimulation of CD3 + T lymphocytes obtained from HLA-A2 + normal donors with XBP1 peptides-pulsed antigen-presenting cells, either dendritic cells or T2 cells. Results: A cocktail of heteroclitic XBP1 US 184-192 (YISPWILAV) and heteroclitic XBP1 SP 367-375 (YLFPQLISV) peptides with significantly improved HLA-A2 affinity and stability from their native counterparts were used to evoke XBP1 antigen-specific CTL. The CTL were predominantly CD3 + CD8 + T cells (>80%) containing a high percentage of Effector Memory (EM; CCR7 - CD45RO + ) cells, which were distinctively evoked by repeated stimulation with the XBP1 peptides. In addition, the XBP1-CTL displayed a high level of cellular activation (CD69 + /CD3 + CD8 + ). The XBP1-CTL demonstrated effective anti-tumor responses including cell proliferation and IFN-g production, as well as degranulation (cytotoxic activity) against HLA-A2 + breast cancer (MB231, MCF7), colon cancer (LS180, SW480) and pancreatic cancer (8902, Panc1, PL45) cell lines, which over-express both unspliced and spliced XBP1 antigens. Importantly, the specific anti-tumor activities were detected primarily in the EM CTL subset. Conclusions: These results suggest the immunotherapeutic potential of a cocktail of heteroclitic XBP1 US 184-192 and XBP1 SP 367-375 peptides to elicit effective anti-tumor responses against various solid tumors, and provide the framework for clinical development of vaccine trials to improve patient outcome.
Time to Clinical Benefit of Dapagliflozin in Patients With Heart Failure With Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction (2022)

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03619213.
Dictionaries for Sparse Representation Modeling Digital sampling can display signals, and it should be possible to expose a large part of the desired signal information with only a limited signal sample. (2010)

Sparse and redundant representation modeling of data assumes an ability to describe signals as linear combina- tions of a few atoms from a pre-specified dictionary. As such, the choice of the dictionary that sparsifies the signals is crucial for the success of this model. In general, the choice of a proper dictionary can be done using one of two ways: i) building a sparsifying dictionary based on a mathematical model of the data, or ii) learning a dictionary to perform best on a training set. In this paper we describe the evolution of these two paradigms. As manifestations of the first approach, we cover topics such as wavelets, wavelet packets, contourlets, and curvelets,allaimingtoexploit1-Dand2-Dmathematicalmodels for constructing effective dictionaries for signals and images. Dictionary learning takes a different route, attaching the dictionary to a set of examples it is supposed to serve. From the seminal work of Field and Olshausen, through the MOD, the K-SVD, the Generalized PCA and others, this paper surveys the various options such training has to offer, up to the most recent contributions and structures.
Gear fault detection in rocket engine turbomachinery (2000)

A method for detecting anomalous gear behavior in rocket engine turbomachinery during acceptance hot e ring is presented. The diagnostic procedure is based on a cepstrum analysis of steady-state gearbox accelerations. In this application, the cepstrum is dee ned as the inverse discrete Fourier transform of the log of the two-sided autospectral density. The vibration measurements used in the analysis are acquired during static hot e re tests from accelerometers mounted on the external surface of the turbopump gearbox. Following the ground tests, the cepstrum technique is used to provide insight into the differences between turbopumps that have functioned nominally and those with out-of-family signatures. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated by comparing analysisresultsfromanengineingoodconditionwith asimilarenginethatsufferedcompletegearfailureduringits development test. This example is used to suggest that the cepstrum method cannot only help detect out-of-family vibration characteristics, but can also provide insight into the nature of a defect. A source mechanism is proposed to explain the unique spectral characteristics that appear due to the presence of the gear fault.
Bcl-B Expression in Human Epithelial and Nonepithelial Malignancies (2008)

Tumor-specific alterations in Bcl-B expression may define subsets of nonepithelial and epithelial neoplasms with distinct clinical behaviors.
Molecular genetics in <i>Streptococcus thermophilus: </i>from transformation to gene expression (1993)

5ummary -Streptococcus salivarius subsp thermophilus (S thermophilus) is a homofermentative, thermophilic lactic acid bacteria, used in dairy starter cultures. Despite its widespread and long-term use, its molecular biology and genetics have only recently started to be investigated. We report here the isolation and characterization of a cryptic, 3-kb plasmid which was converted into an E coli -S thermophilus shuttle vector. Using this and other plasmids, transformation was optimized and used to integrate non-replicative plasmids into the bacterlal genome. Resulting cointegrates were able to amplity. Resolution of the cointegrates was used for gene-replacement by introducing an in vitro generated deletion into a genomic located structural gene. By the same mechanism, a heterologous, promoter-Iess marker gene was inserted ante the genome between the permease and ~galactosidase gene of the lactose operon. It was thereafter expressed as a functional part of the operon and followed lactose regulation. The control region of the lactose operon was investigated by analyzing promoter up and down mutants.
Modal Identification of High-Speed Railway Bridges through Free-Vibration Detection (2020)

In the dynamic characteristic analysis of high-speed railway bridges, free-vibration responses after a train passes are valuable for modal identification. However, distinguishing between free- and forced-vibration segments requires user intervention, which hinders the reliable and continuous identification of modal parameters, thereby impeding the vibration-based structural state assessment. This paper proposes a free-vibration detection technique whose basis is that the envelope function of each modal component decomposed from the free-vibration data decays exponentially. To extract the modal component adaptively, iterative variational mode decomposition is proposed where the signal is iteratively decomposed into two components until a single-degree-of-freedom component is obtained. Subsequently, the estimated free-vibration data are adopted to identify the modal parameters by the eigensystem realization algorithm with data correlation. A numerical simulation illustrates that the proposed method can provide the optimal free-vibration data for modal analysis. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method in practice, the accelerations of the railway bridge during the passage of a train are analyzed. The modes can be identified from the estimated free-vibration data but not from the combination of forced- and free-vibration data, which indicates that the separation of forced and free vibration is necessary and can be achieved by the proposed method.
An unusual Î²-ketoacyl:acyl carrier protein synthase and acyltransferase motifs in TaK, a putative protein required for biosynthesis of the antibiotic TA in<i>Myxococcus xanthus</i> (2001)

The antibiotic TA of Myxococcus xanthus is produced by a type-I polyketide synthase mechanism. Previous studies have indicated that TA genes are clustered within a 36-kb region. The chemical structure of TA indicates the need for several post-modification steps, which are introduced to form the final bioactive molecule. These include three C-methylations, an O-methylation and a specific hydroxylation. In this study, we describe the genetic analysis of taK, encoding a specific polyketide beta-ketoacyl:acyl carrier protein synthase, which contains an unusual beta-ketoacyl synthase and acyltransferase motifs and is likely to be involved in antibiotic TA post-modification. Functional analysis of this beta-ketoacyl:acyl carrier protein synthase by specific gene disruption suggests that it is essential for the production of an active TA molecule.
Molecular Cloning of a Diverged Homeobox Gene That Is Rapidly Down-Regulated during the G<sub>0</sub>/G<sub>1</sub> Transition in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (1993)

Adult vascular smooth muscle cells dedifferentiate and reenter the cell cycle in response to growth factor stimulation. Here we describe the molecular cloning from vascular smooth muscle, the structure, and the chromosomal location of a diverged homeobox gene, Gax, whose expression is largely confined to the cardiovascular tissues of the adult. In quiescent adult rat vascular smooth muscle cells, Gax mRNA levels are down-regulated as much as 15-fold within 2 h when these cells are induced to proliferate with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) or serum growth factors. This reduction in Gax mRNA is transient, with levels beginning to rise between 8 and 24 h after mitogen stimulation and returning to near normal by 24 to 48 h. The Gax down-regulation is dose dependent and can be correlated with the mitogen's ability to stimulate DNA synthesis. PDGF-AA, a weak mitogen for rat vascular smooth muscle cells, did not affect Gax transcript levels, while PDGF-AB and -BB, potent mitogens for these cells, were nearly as effective as fetal bovine serum. The removal of serum from growing cells induced Gax expression fivefold within 24 h. These data suggest that Gax is likely to have a regulatory function in the G0-to-G1 transition of the cell cycle in vascular smooth muscle cells.
High power direct diode laser applications and advanced processes (2000)

High power direct diode laser [HPDDL] systems have achieved record power levels making them an economic alternative to existing heat sources and conventional lasers for many applications. These laser systems can help to create a compact, flexible manufacturing cell ideal for welding, surface cladding, heat treating, brazing and paint stripping applications. The capabilities of this direct diode laser system demonstrated here range from high-speed conduction mode welding, laser surface transformation hardening and laser cladding. Laser welding was demonstrated on ferrous, nonferrous materials, and zinc coated steels with low porosity. Therefore, making HPDDL laser ideal for tube mills and tailor welded blank applications. Laser surface claddings with very low dilution were produced using pre-placed powders yielding high corrosion and wear resistant surfaces. Laser surface transformation hardening of 4140 steel and gray cast iron produced samples with high case depths, high hardness, and low back temper percentages.
Unimolecular Micelle-Based Hybrid System for Perivascular Drug Delivery Produces Long-Term Efficacy for Neointima Attenuation in Rats (2017)

At present, there are no clinical options for preventing neointima-caused (re)stenosis after open surgery such as bypass surgery for treating flow-limiting vascular disease. Perivascular drug delivery is a promising strategy, but in translational research, it remains a major challenge to achieve long-term (e.g., > 3 months) anti(re)stenotic efficacy. In this study, we engineered a unique drug delivery system consisting of durable unimolecular micelles, formed by single multiarm star amphiphilic block copolymers with only covalent bonds, and a thermosensitive hydrogel formed by a poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) triblock copolymer (abbreviated as triblock gel) that is stable for about 4 weeks in vitro. The drug-containing unimolecular micelles (UMs) suspended in Triblock gel were able to sustain rapamycin release for over 4 months. Remarkably, even 3 months after perivascular application of the rapamycin-loaded micelles in Triblock gel in the rat model, the intimal/medial area ratio (a restenosis measure) was still 80% inhibited compared to the control treated with empty micelle/gel (no drug). This could not be achieved by applying rapamycin in Triblock gel alone, which reduced the intimal/medial ratio only by 27%. In summary, we created a new UM/Triblock gel hybrid system for perivascular drug delivery, which produced a rare feat of 3-month restenosis inhibition in animal tests. This system exhibits a real potential for further translation into an anti(re)stenotic application with open surgery.
Effects of Dihydrophaseic Acid 3′-O-β-d-Glucopyranoside Isolated from Lycii radicis Cortex on Osteoblast Differentiation (2016)

Our previous study showed that ethanol extract of <i>Lycii</i><i>radicis</i> cortex (LRC) prevented the loss of bone mineral density in ovariectomized mice by promoting the differentiation of osteoblast linage cells. Here, we performed fractionation and isolation of the bioactive compound(s) responsible for the bone formation-enhancing effect of LRC extract. A known sesquiterpene glucoside, (1'<i>R</i>,3'<i>S</i>,5'<i>R</i>,8'<i>S</i>,2<i>Z</i>,4<i>E</i>)-dihydrophaseic acid 3'-<i>O</i>-β-d-glucopyranoside (abbreviated as DPA3G), was isolated from LRC extract and identified as a candidate constituent. We investigated the effects of DPA3G on osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation, which play fundamental roles in bone formation and bone resorption, respectively, during bone remodeling. The DPA3G fraction treatment in mesenchymal stem cell line C3H10T1/2 and preosteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1 significantly enhanced cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity in both cell lines compared to the untreated control cells. Furthermore, DPA3G significantly increased mineralized nodule formation and the mRNA expression of osteoblastogenesis markers, <i>Alpl</i>, <i>Runx2</i>, and <i>Bglap</i>, in MC3T3-E1 cells. The DPA3G treatment, however, did not influence osteoclast differentiation in primary-cultured monocytes of mouse bone marrow. Because osteoblastic and osteoclastic precursor cells coexist in vivo, we tested the DPA3G effects under the co-culture condition of MC3T3-E1 cells and monocytes. Remarkably, DPA3G enhanced not only osteoblast differentiation of MC3T3-El cells but also osteoclast differentiation of monocytes, indicating that DPA3G plays a role in the maintenance of the normal bone remodeling balance. Our results suggest that DPA3G may be a good candidate for the treatment of osteoporosis.
Sustainable metal-based catalysts for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates containing five-membered rings (2014)

The synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and carbon dioxide using sustainable metal-based catalysts is critically reviewed.
Refining Information Extraction Rules using Data Provenance. (2010)

Developing high-quality information extraction (IE) rules, or extractors, is an iterative and primarily manual process, extremely time consuming, and error prone. In each iteration, the outputs of the extractor are examined, and the erroneous ones are used to drive the refinement of the extractor in the next iteration. Data provenance explains the origins of an output data, and how it has been transformed through a query. As such, one can expect data provenance to be valuable in understanding and debugging complex IE rules. In this paper we discuss how data provenance can be used beyond understanding and debugging, to automatically refine IE rules. In particular, we overview the main ideas behind a recent provenance-based solution for suggesting a ranked list of refinements to an extractor aimed at increasing its precision, and outline several related directions for future research. 1