gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Chemistry of Silicone Room Temperature Vulcanizing Sealants (1979)

The first silicone sealants were developed in the early 1940's. These early sealants resembled putties. They contained only a filler and a polydimethylsiloxane fluid; they did not cure to an elastomeric solid. Nevertheless, they offered one main advantage over organic sealants: painting was not required to prevent hardening and weathering. Elastomeric silicone sealants first appeared in the early 1950's. The first of these, patented by J. F. Hyde of Dow Corning Corporation, was a two-part system consisting of an acid-ended polysiloxane and polysilicate.1 With this system, materials which cured at room temperature were possible and the term "RTV" (Room Temperature Vulcanizing) was coined. These two-part systems required premixing in appropriate ratios before application and curing. In the early 1960's two patents were issued on one-component RTV elastomers, one to Rhone-Poulenc (France)2 and one to L. B. Bruner,3 Dow Corning (U.S.A.). These patents described a silicone sealant using hydroxy-ended polydimethylsiloxane and
Discovery of a Potent HIV Integrase Inhibitor That Leads to a Prodrug with Significant anti-HIV Activity (2011)

Worldwide research efforts in drug discovery involving HIV integrase have produced only one compound, raltegravir, that has been approved for clinical use in HIV/AIDS. As resistance, toxicity and drug-drug interactions are recurring issues with all classes of anti-HIV drugs, the discovery of novel integrase inhibitors remains a significant scientific challenge. We have designed a lead HIV-1 strand transfer (ST) inhibitor (IC(50) 70 nM), strategically assembled on a pyridinone scaffold. A focused structure-activity investigation of this parent compound led to a significantly more potent ST inhibitor, 2 (IC(50) 6 ± 3 nM). Compound 2 exhibits good stability in pooled human liver microsomes. It also displays a notably favorable profile with respect to key human cytochrome P450 (CYP) isozymes and human UDP glucuronosyl transferases (UGTs). The prodrug of inhibitor 2, i.e., compound 10, was found to possess remarkable anti-HIV-1 activity in cell culture (EC(50) 9 ± 4 nM, CC(50) 135 ± 7 μM, therapeutic index = 15,000).
Enhancement of Catalytic Activity by Gene Truncation: Activation of L-Aspartase fromEscherichia coli (1997)

Aspartase from Escherichia coli is activated by proteolysis at the carboxy-terminal. A systematic study has been undertaken with the goal of identifying the amino acids in this region that influence the catalytic activity of aspartase. Stop codons have been introduced at various positions to prematurely truncate the aspA gene that encodes for aspartase by sequentially eliminating each of the polar and charged amino acids in this region. The affinity of the enzyme for its substrate aspartic acid decreases systematically as each functionally significant amino acid is eliminated. However, enhanced catalytic activity (up to 2.5 times the kcat for native aspartase) is observed for those truncation mutants that end in a positively charged carboxy-terminal amino acid. The precise position of the proteolytic activation of aspartase has been defined, and this covalent activation has been shown to be independent of the allosteric activation of aspartase that is also observed.
Detection of Embedded Anomalies Using 2-D Full Seismic Waveform Tomography (2014)

The paper presents an application of 2-D time-domain waveform tomography for detection of embedded voids/anomalies. The measured seismic surface wave fields were inverted using a full waveform inversion (FWI) technique, based on a finite-difference solution of 2-D elastic wave equations and Gauss-Newton inversion method. The key advantage of this approach is the ability to generate all possible wave propagation modes of seismic wavefields (body waves and Rayleigh waves) that are then compared with measured data to infer complex subsurface properties. Both the pressure wave (P-wave) and shear wave (S-wave) velocities are inverted independently and simultaneously for possible indication of soil types. The inversion results of real data show that the waveform analysis was able to delineate a complex profile with an embedded void and highly variable bedrock both laterally and vertically. Independent invasive test (standard penetration test, SPT) was also conducted to verify the seismic test results.
An adaptive optics imaging system designed for clinical use (2015)

Here we demonstrate a new imaging system that addresses several major problems limiting the clinical utility of conventional adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO), including its small field of view (FOV), reliance on patient fixation for targeting imaging, and substantial post-processing time. We previously showed an efficient image based eye tracking method for real-time optical stabilization and image registration in AOSLO. However, in patients with poor fixation, eye motion causes the FOV to drift substantially, causing this approach to fail. We solve that problem here by tracking eye motion at multiple spatial scales simultaneously by optically and electronically integrating a wide FOV SLO (WFSLO) with an AOSLO. This multi-scale approach, implemented with fast tip/tilt mirrors, has a large stabilization range of ± 5.6°. Our method consists of three stages implemented in parallel: 1) coarse optical stabilization driven by a WFSLO image, 2) fine optical stabilization driven by an AOSLO image, and 3) sub-pixel digital registration of the AOSLO image. We evaluated system performance in normal eyes and diseased eyes with poor fixation. Residual image motion with incremental compensation after each stage was: 1) ~2-3 arc minutes, (arcmin) 2) ~0.5-0.8 arcmin and, 3) ~0.05-0.07 arcmin, for normal eyes. Performance in eyes with poor fixation was: 1) ~3-5 arcmin, 2) ~0.7-1.1 arcmin and 3) ~0.07-0.14 arcmin. We demonstrate that this system is capable of reducing image motion by a factor of ~400, on average. This new optical design provides additional benefits for clinical imaging, including a steering subsystem for AOSLO that can be guided by the WFSLO to target specific regions of interest such as retinal pathology and real-time averaging of registered images to eliminate image post-processing.
Demonstration of a discharge pumped table-top soft X-ray laser (2002)

We report the first observation of large soft X-ray amplification (g*1=7.2) in a discharge created plasma. A fast, /spl sim/40 kA current pulse from a compact discharge was used to excite plasma columns up to 12 cm in length in 4 mm channels, producing population inversion in the J=0-1 line of Ne-like Ar and resulting in a gain of 0.6 cm/sup -1/ at 46.9 nm. The capillary discharge excitation scheme has the potential for increasing the wall-plug efficiency of ultrashort wavelength lasers by two orders of magnitude.
Accelerated Cheddar Cheese Ripening by Added Microbial Enzymes (1979)

Good quality medium sharp Cheddar cheeses with 3-mo curing at 10 C were produced when the following enzyme combinations and concentrations were used: fungal protease 31000 (Miles), .005% + fungal lipase-MY (Meito) .00005 to .0002%; and fungal protease P-53 (Rohm & Haas), .0035% + fungal lipase-MY (Meito), .00005 to .0002%.
Radiomic features from pretreatment biparametric MRI predict prostate cancer biochemical recurrence: Preliminary findings (2018)

4 Technical Efficacy: Stage 5 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;48:1626-1636.
Total Syntheses, Fragmentation Studies, and Antitumor/Antiproliferative Activities of FR901464 and Its Low Picomolar Analogue [<i>J. Am. </i><i>Chem. Soc.</i> <b>2007</b>, <i>129</i>, 2648−2659]. (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionTotal Syntheses, Fragmentation Studies, and Antitumor/Antiproliferative Activities of FR901464 and Its Low Picomolar Analogue [J. Am. Chem. Soc.2007, 129, 2648−2659].Brian J. Albert, Ananthapadmanabhan Sivaramakrishnan, Tadaatsu Naka, Nancy L. Czaicki, and Kazunori KoideCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 22, 7206Publication Date (Web):May 15, 2007Publication History Published online15 May 2007Published inissue 6 June 2007https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja076891thttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja076891tcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2007 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views968Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (10 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<p>Zein-alpha lipoic acid-loaded nanoparticles to enhance the oral bioavailability of dapoxetine: optimization and clinical pharmacokinetic evaluation</p> (2019)

The clinical findings suggest 194% enhancement of relative bioavailability of the optimized DPX-loaded NPs, potentially leading to a decrease in therapeutic dose and associated side effects in the treatment of PE.
Optical Isolator Utilizing Surface Plasmons (2012)

Feasibility of usage of surface plasmons in a new design of an integrated optical isolator has been studied. In the case of surface plasmons propagating at a boundary between a transition metal and a double-layer dielectric, there is a significant difference of optical loss for surface plasmons propagating in opposite directions. Utilizing this structure, it is feasible to fabricate a competitive plasmonic isolator, which benefits from a broad wavelength operational bandwidth and a good technological compatibility for integration into the Photonic Integrated Circuits (PIC). The linear dispersion relation was derived for plasmons propagating in a multilayer magneto-optical slab.
Tuning, attenuating, and switching by controlled flexure of long-period fiber gratings (2001)

Azimuthal variations in the refractive index that are inherent in CO(2) -laser-induced long-period fiber gratings (LPFG's) coupled to small controlled flexure of the LPFG produce a wide variety of transmission characteristics as a function of LPFG curvature. The particularly useful cases of (1) wavelength tuning at a constant attenuation and (2) variable attenuation (switching) at a constant wavelength are demonstrated by flexing of LPFG's that have been appropriately axially rotationally oriented relative to the plane of curvature.
Ultra-thin layer chromatography and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy on silver nanorod array substrates prepared by oblique angle deposition (2012)

We demonstrate the potential use of silver nanorod (AgNR) array substrates for on-chip separation and detection of chemical mixtures by ultra-thin layer chromatography (UTLC) and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The capability of the AgNR substrates to separate different compounds in a mixture was explored using a mixture of the food colorant Brilliant Blue FCF and lactic acid, and the mixtures of Methylene Violet and BSA at various concentrations. After the UTLC process, spatially-resolved SERS spectra were collected along the mobile phase development direction and the intensities of specific SERS peaks from each component were used to generate chromatograms. The AgNR substrates demonstrate the capability of separating Brilliant Blue from lactic acid, as well as revealing the SERS signal of Methylene Violet from the massive BSA background after a simple UTLC step. This technique may have significant practical implications in actual detection of small molecules from complex food or clinical backgrounds.
Constructing Face Image Logs that are Both Complete and Concise (2007)

This paper describes a construct that we call a face image log. Face image logs are collections of time stamped images representing faces detected in surveillance videos. The techniques demonstrated in this paper strive to construct face image logs that are complete and concise in the sense that the logs contain only the best images available for each individual observed. We begin by describing how to assess and compare the quality of face images. We then illustrate a robust method for selecting high quality images. This selection process takes into consideration the limitations inherent in existing face detection and person tracking techniques. Experimental results demonstrate that face logs constructed in this manner generally contain fewer than 5% of all detected faces, yet these faces are of high quality, and they represent all individuals detected in the video sequence.
Sidearm stimulated scattering phase-conjugated laser resonator (1985)

We have demonstrated a novel self-Q-switched phase-conjugated laser resonator in which a stimulated scattering (SS) phase-conjugate mirror is placed in a sidearm located outside the conventional (starter) cavity. A Q-switched energy output of 200 mJ was obtained using cyclohexane liquid as the SS medium. Energy output was 20-40% less when carbon disulfide was used as the SS medium. Periodic substructure superimposed upon the Q-switched pulse envelope suggests that a regenerative amplification or mode-beating mechanism can be used to explain the resonator operation.
A New Two-Stroke Engine with Compressed-Air Assisted Fuel Injection for High Efficiency low Emissions Applications (1988)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A new concept for high efficiency two-stroke cycle spark-ignition engines has been developed. The installation of the IFP-developed pneumatic fuel injection process in a two-stroke engine allows the introduction of the fuel separately from the scavenging air, in order to minimize fuel shortcircuiting. The process does not require an external air pump since the compressed air used to atomize the fuel is supplied at no expense by the crankcase. The premixed charge is delivered directly into the cylinder with a high spray quality, its stratification for the optimization of combustion is controlled by a valve. This process, therefore, provides the advantages of the direct injection but uses commercially available gasoline injectors.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">A single-cylinder engine has been developed first to verify the potential of the process. A very large area of fuel isoconsumptions below 260 g/kWh (0.43 Ib/hp-h) and consequently low unburned hydrocarbons emissions have been obtained with this new engine rated at a specific power of 50 kW/liter (67 hp/l) of displacement.</div>
Consensus Panel on a Cochlear Coordinate System Applicable in Histologic, Physiologic, and Radiologic Studies of the Human Cochlea (2010)

Consensus was reached on an objective cochlear framework, allowing the outcomes of studies from different fields of research to be compared directly.
Purification and characterization of fertility-associated antigen (FAA) in bovine seminal fluid (1999)

Heparin-binding proteins (HBP) recognized by a monoclonal antibody (M1) are produced by male accessory sex glands and bind to distinct regions of ejaculated bull sperm. Immunoblots of sperm proteins probed with M1 identified HBP variants of approximately 31-, 24-, and 21.5-kDa that were associated with increased fertility of bulls. The purpose of this study was to identify the 31-kDa HBP known as fertility-associated antigen (FAA). FAA was isolated by heparin-affinity chromatography and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography near homogeneity. Biochemical characterization indicated that FAA was an unglycosylated, basic protein. FAA protein was detected in seminal vesicle and prostate gland homogenates, and FAA extracted from sperm membranes by treatment with hypertonic media was identical biochemically to seminal fluid-derived FAA. N-terminal sequence analysis of purified FAA yielded a 26 amino acid sequence (L K I X S F N V R S F G E S K K A G F N A M R V I V) with 73% identity to a recently identified human deoxyribonuclease (DNase) I-like protein. Two internal amino acid sequences generated from lys-C digested FAA were 85% and 92% identical to the same DNase I-like protein. In conclusion, we have identified a bovine seminal heparin-binding protein that binds to sperm and is indicative of bull fertility as being similar to the family of DNase I-like proteins. These data demonstrate the presence of a novel DNase I-like protein in bull accessory sex glands and form the groundwork for the identification of a candidate genetic marker for fertility of bulls.
A Method for the Synthesis of Tetranitroglycoluril from Imidazo‐[4,5‐<i>d</i>]‐imidazoles with Loss of Dinitrogen Oxide (2014)

Abstract A new method for the preparation of tetranitroglycoluril (TNGU, Sorguyl) is described, in which imidazo‐[4,5‐d]‐imidazoles are nitrated with the elimination of N 2 O to generate TNGU. This method of TNGU synthesis results in material that is less sensitive than material produced with alternative routes. Additionally, a new spherical morphology of TNGU is disclosed. This morphology exhibits an even higher resistance to external insult even than material synthesized with the new method.
Monoclonal antibody-.beta.-lactamase conjugates for the activation of a cephalosporin mustard prodrug (1992)

Cephalosporin mustard (CM) was designed as an anticancer prodrug that could be activated in a site-specific manner by monoclonal antibody-beta-lactamase conjugates targeted to antigens present on tumor cell surfaces. Purified beta-lactamases from Bacillus cereus (BC beta L) and Escherichia coli (EC beta L) catalyzed the release of phenylenediamine mustard (PDM) from CM through a fragmentation reaction which occurs after the beta-lactam ring of CM is hydrolyzed. The Km and Vmax values were 5.7 microM and 201 mumol/min per mg for BC beta L and 43 microM and 29 mumol/min per mg for EC beta L, respectively. Conjugates of BC beta L were prepared by combining the F(ab')2 fragments of the maleimide-substituted monoclonal antibodies L6 and 1F5 with thiolated BC beta L. The conjugates showed little loss in enzymatic activity and bound nearly as well as the unmodified F(ab')2 monoclonal antibodies to antigens expressed on the H2981 human lung adenocarcinoma cell line (L6 positive, 1F5 negative). PDM was approximately 50-fold more cytotoxic than CM to H2981 cells. Treatment of the cells with L6-BC beta L followed by CM resulted in a level of cytotoxic activity that was comparable to that of PDM. This was most likely due to activation of CM by conjugate that bound to cell-surface antigens, since pretreatment of H2981 cells with BC beta L or 1F5-BC beta L enhanced the activity of CM to a lesser extent. Thus, we have shown that CM is a prodrug, and that it can be activated with immunological specificity by a monoclonal antibody-beta-lactamase conjugate.
Ultrafast response times and enhanced optical nonlinearity in annealed and Beryllium doped low-temperature grown GaAs (2002)

We have quantitatively studied the optical nonlinearity in annealed and in beryllium doped low-temperature grown (LT) GaAs. This study has been complemented by measurements of the temporal decay of the absorption modulation on the 20-fs time scale. Our results show that both be doping and annealing of LT GaAs yield a material with superior properties for ultrafast all-optical switching applications.
EXPANDABLE BIORESORBABLE VASCULAR STENT (2001)

We have developed an expandable, bioresorbable polymeric vascular stent with suitable mechanical strength and flexibility, capable of drug delivery. Poly(L-lactic acid) (MWavg 13.7kD) was dissolved with the antiinflammatory agent curcumin (diferuloyl methane) in chloroform, purified, dried, melt-extruded at 173°C and drawn (1:4–1:6) to 0.1 mm diam. Fibers were wound into 3-lobed coifs in 1,2 & 3 ply configurations and reinforced with axial fibers. Furled and balloon-expanded diameters (3 ply stent) were 2.1 and 3.4 mm. Stents were coated with di(ethylene glycol) vinyl ether (EO2V) by pulsed plasma polymerization. Stent radial compressive strength was more than adequate for vascular support. Stents (w/o curcumin) were expanded in 3.25 mm ID silicone tubes in a pig AV shunt model and perfused 1hr. Platelet adhesion was significantly reduced by EO2V (SEM, radiolabel methods). Stent fibers (w/ curcumin) were incubated with activated neutrophils and monocytes in vitro (37°C, 30 min). Curcumin significantly reduced neutrophil and monocyte adhesion, activation and superoxide production. Stents (w/o curcumin) were deployed by conventional angioplasty technique in a pig femoral artery model. Stents were patent at 1 week, but not at 2 weeks, due to an exuberant proliferative response, prompting development of the curcumin treatment.
Design and Initial Testing of a Three-Axis Current Meter (1980)

A prototype of an attended 3-axis acoustic current meter/CTD has been built and has undergone extensive laboratory testing. In addition to a conventional CTD sensor head,the instrument includes transducers for measuring current velocity along three paths,three components of earth magnetic field and three components of acceleration. Reported here are results of testing the velocity sensors in a tow tank. A noteworthy feature of the instrument design is that the acoustic paths, along which the current velocity is measured, are arranged so that disturbance of the measured flow by supporting struts or by the sensors themselves is greatly reduced.Estimated errors in the velocity measurements are found to be characteristically on the order of a few tenths of a percent at a speed of 40 cm/sec.
A Comparison of End-to-End Models for Long-Form Speech Recognition (2019)

End-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) models, including both attention-based models and the recurrent neural network transducer (RNN-T), have shown superior performance compared to conventional systems [1], [2]. However, previous studies have focused primarily on short utterances that typically last for just a few seconds or, at most, a few tens of seconds. Whether such architectures are practical on long utterances that last from minutes to hours remains an open question. In this paper, we both investigate and improve the performance of end-to-end models on long-form transcription. We first present an empirical comparison of different end-to-end models on a real world long-form task and demonstrate that the RNN-T model is much more robust than attention-based systems in this regime. We next explore two improvements to attention-based systems that significantly improve its performance: restricting the attention to be monotonic, and applying a novel decoding algorithm that breaks long utterances into shorter overlapping segments. Combining these two improvements, we show that attention-based end-to-end models can be very competitive to RNN-T on long-form speech recognition.