gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MEMS wafer-level vacuum packaging with transverse interconnects for CMOS integration (2008)

A novel vacuum wafer-level packaging technology for micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) is presented. It supports monolithic integration with electronics, and is suitable for different MEMS processes. Bulk-etched transverse feedthroughs are used to connect with the encapsulated systems. Silicon carbide is successfully used for membrane stress cancellation and improved hermeticity.
Abstract 4609: Prevention of pancreatic cancer using novel crocetin compound (2011)

Abstract Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies in humans and there is no effective conventional treatment available for the cure of patients with pancreatic cancer. Great demand of new effective drugs and alternative approaches has led to studies evaluating possible anti-cancer agents in fruits, vegetables, herbs and spices. Crocetin, a carotenoid molecule isolated from saffron, has been demonstrated recently by our laboratory that crocetin treatment has potent antimitotic effects on both in vitro and in vivo pancreatic cancer models. Commercial crocetin is a mixture of crocetin esters and recently, novel crocetin compound and its esters are also fractionated from commercial crocetin by us using prepartory HPLC and LC/MS.The aim of this work is to identify most potent fractions separted from crude or commecial crocetin following the signaling mechanisms, responsible for inducing cellular proliferation and tumorigenesis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. One of the fractions separated from crude crocetin by preparative HPLC, and identified using LC/MS and NMR as crocetinic acid, markedly regressed the proliferation and increased apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Growth related signaling pathways such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its down-stream signaling molecule, Akt phosphorylation were significantly altered by novel crocetin compound derived from crude crocetin. It has also been demonstrated that novel crocetin compound altered histone deacetylase (HDAC) and its substrate acetyl histone H3 Lysine14 that indicates histone modifications by inhibition of deacetylation. Apoptosis was significantly stimulated as indicated by Bax/Bcl-2 ratio by treatment with purified crocetin. Purified crocetin compound showed significant anti-tumorigenic effect at lower doses than commercial or crude crocetin using proliferation and apoptosis as markers. Crocetin can be used as chemopreventive agent for pancreatic cancer in future. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4609. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4609
<title>Telecentric zoom lens</title> (2001)

The metrology community traditionally used fixed telecentric lenses to do optical measurement. The need to investigate varying fields of view led to the use of several fixed magnification lenses; this approach eventually yielded to zoom lenses. The majority of zoom lenses are designed to hold one set of conjugates constant, usually the object and the image. Such zoom lenses typically have the entrance pupil internal to the zoom groups; thus varying in position during zooming. By placing a stop external to the zoom groups, a constant entrance pupil position can be achieved. This idea can be extended to a telecentric stop position, and hence a telecentric zoom lens.
Finding Fluorescent Needles in the Cardiac Haystack: Tracking Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Labeled with Quantum Dots for Quantitative In Vivo Three-Dimensional Fluorescence Analysis (2007)

Stem cells show promise for repair of damaged cardiac tissue. Little is known with certainty, however, about the distribution of these cells once introduced in vivo. Previous attempts at tracking delivered stem cells have been hampered by the autofluorescence of host tissue and limitations of existing labeling techniques. We have developed a novel loading approach to stably label human mesenchymal stem cells with quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles. We report the optimization and validation of this long-term tracking technique and highlight several important biological applications by delivering labeled cells to the mammalian heart. The bright QD crystals illuminate exogenous stem cells in histologic sections for at least 8 weeks following delivery and permit, for the first time, the complete three-dimensional reconstruction of the locations of all stem cells following injection into the heart. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
The Single-Leg Tension-Leg Platform: A Cost-Effective Evolution Of The Tlp Concept (1988)

ABSTRACT The Single Leg Tension-Leg Platform (STLP) is a new concept for a compliant, deep water platform. This evolution of the TLP concept utilizes a hybrid mooring system with a central tension-leg to restrain heave motions while pitch and roll are limited, by proper hydrodynamic design of the hull. Like a conventional TLP, the STLP allows direct surface access to wells. The new concept limits the cost of the vertical tension-leg mooring system by reducing the number of tendons to a minimum. It also greatly reduces foundation costs because of the central tendon location and reduced tendon loads. The hybrid mooring, which uses a permanent spread mooring to supplement the vertical tension-leg mooring, provides station-keeping benefits for operational and extreme conditions. Analytical studies and model tests have demonstrated favorable performance characteristics. The concept is applicable for any water depth and field size that would be appropriate for conventional floaters or TLP's. INTRODUCTION The STLP is a new evolution of the TLP concept. It features a hybrid mooring with one tension-leg attached to a column at the center of the platform and a spread mooring from the corner columns (Figure 1). Whereas the conventional TLP mooring stiffly restrains all vertical motions, the central tension-leg of the STLP suppresses only heave motions. The pitch and roll motions are controlled by proper hydrodynamic design of the hull these features significantly reduce tension loads in the vertical mooring. Therefore, the STLP does not need as many tendons or as much tendon strength (cross-sectional area) as a conventional TLP. Initial feasibility studies for the STLP focused on a design for 4000 ft. (ca. 120Om) water depth in the Gulf of Mexico. The results of these studies indicated that a STLP is a technically viable alternative to a Tension Leg Wellhead Platform (TLWP) for deep water developments. For the great water depth targeted, fewer tendons and reduced costs for the foundation template, gave the STLP a cost advantage over the TLWP. Upon achieving this result, it was decided to verify the performance of the STLP and the accuracy of the analytical/design methods through model testing. This paper presents the principal features of the STLP concept, reviews the results of initial engineering and model testing, and discusses the economic potential of the new platform for deep water development. THE STLP CONCEPT The main features and benefits of the STLP concept are listed in Table I and discussed below. The primary feature of a STLP is its single, central tension-leg which acts to restrain the platform against heave motion. Since the tendons do not restrain pitch or roll, total dynamic tension variation is reduced, as can be seen in Figure 2. In this figure, the amount of tension variation due to pitch and roll restraint is compared to fluctuations due to heave alone for a centrally located tendon. Decoupling angular motions from tendon loads permits longer heave motion periods, further reducing tendon material requirements.
A pilot study to troubleshoot quality control metrics when assessing circulating miRNA expression data reproducibility across study sites (2022)

Findings from this pilot investigation suggest the nCounter platform can yield reproducible results across study sites. This study underscores the importance of implementing quality control procedures when designing multi-center evaluations of miRNA abundance.
Enhance IPv6 Dynamic Host Configuration with Cryptographically Generated Addresses (2011)

The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6) enables dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP) servers to provide configuration parameters to client hosts via IPv6 connections. Security becomes a very important issue. This paper analyses the security issues of the IPv6 DHCP. It then proposes a security solution using the Cryptographically Generated Address (CGA) along with DHCPv6 interaction. It also discusses some further extensions to this mechanism and the security issue for downgrade attacks. Finally it draws conclusions based on the studies and identifies the directions for the future work.
Passive laser mode locking with an antiresonant nonlinear mirror (1990)

A nonlinear mirror that is based on an antiresonant ring incorporating a nonlinear element sensitive to the polarization state of the circulating light has been developed. No phase matching of the mirror to the laser cavity is necessary, so the mirror does not need active length stabilization. Spontaneous mode locking occurs when the mirror is incorporated into a cw Nd:YAG laser. Pulses of 11-psec duration are produced at 1064 nm; two output beams at 532 nm are also generated. An analysis indicates that the primary mechanism responsible for passive mode locking is self-phase modulation in the nonlinear element.
Azo-polymer film twisted to form a helical surface relief by illumination with a circularly polarized Gaussian beam (2017)

A helical surface relief can be created in an azo-polymer film simply by illuminating circularly polarized light with spin angular momentum and without any orbital angular momentum. The helicity of the surface relief is determined by the sign of the spin angular momentum. The illumination of circularly polarized light induces orbital motion of the azo-polymer to shape the helical surface relief as an intermediate form; a subsequent transformation to a non-helical bump-shaped relief with a central peak creates a final form with additional exposure time. The mechanism for the formation of such a helical surface relief was also theoretically analyzed using the formula for the optical radiation force in a homogeneous and isotropic material.
215 Diagnostics of Impulse Line Blockage with Differential Pressure Transmitter : Part 7: Blockage Diagnostics Using Phase Differences between Upstream and Downstream of Orifice (2008)

Differential pressure transmitter with an orifice is widely used as a major field flowmeter. A major drawback of this flowmeter at the operation site is the blockage of the impulse line. Hence, applying the delay of pressure transmission to the differential pressure transmitter by this trouble, this paper develops a diagnostic method of the impulse line blockage with multi-sensing differential pressure transmitter. In this investigation, a diagnostic method using the shift of phase difference between upstream and downstream pressure of the orifice can diagnose the gradual impulse line blockage at the water and air line.
An 8-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter based on the voltage-dependent switching probability of a Magnetic Tunnel Junction (2015)

In this work, we have experimentally demonstrated for the first time, an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) based on the unique voltage-dependent switching probability of a Magnetic Tunnel Junction (MTJ). The switching probability was calculated by applying repetitive voltage pulses and measuring the resolved MTJ states in each sampling time window. Temperature sensitivity and MgO breakdown issues were minimized by optimizing the voltage pulse width. Circuit level techniques were utilized to improve the ADC linearity and increase the input voltage range. The proposed ADC achieves an 8-bit resolution with excellent linearity at 30 and 85°C.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Syntheses for Optically Pure Stereogenically Labile 4‐Substituted 2‐Hydroxytetronic Acids. (1990)

Abstract The asymmetric α‐hydroxy esters (I) are coupled with benzyloxyacetyl chloride (II) to produce the diesters (III).
Finding the most interesting patterns in a database quickly by using sequential sampling (2003)

Many discovery problems, e.g., subgroup or association rule discovery, can naturally be cast as n-best hypotheses problems where the goal is to find the n hypotheses from a given hypothesis space that score best according to a certain utility function. We present a sampling algorithm that solves this problem by issuing a small number of database queries while guaranteeing precise bounds on the confidence and quality of solutions. Known sampling approaches have treated single hypothesis selection problems, assuming that the utility is the average (over the examples) of some function - which is not the case for many frequently used utility functions. We show that our algorithm works for all utilities that can be estimated with bounded error. We provide these error bounds and resulting worst-case sample bounds for some of the most frequently used utilities, and prove that there is no sampling algorithm for a popular class of utility functions that cannot be estimated with bounded error. The algorithm is sequential in the sense that it starts to return (or discard) hypotheses that already seem to be particularly good (or bad) after a few examples. Thus, the algorithm is almost always faster than its worst-case bounds.
The fundamental limits to the attenuation of hollow-core photonic crystal fibres (2005)

We propose that the transmission of hollow-core photonic crystal fibres is ultimately limited by scattering from roughness due to frozen-in surface capillary waves. This is confirmed by measurements of the surface roughness in a HC-PCF, the angular distribution of the power scattered out of the core, and the wavelength dependence of the minimum loss of fibres drawn to different scales.
Superstructures of Diketopyrrolopyrrole Donors and Perylenediimide Acceptors Formed by Hydrogen-Bonding and π···π Stacking (2013)

Synthetic supramolecular systems can provide insight into how complex biological systems organize as well as produce self-organized systems with functionality comparable to their biological counterparts. Herein, we study the assembly into superstructures of a system composed of diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) donors with chiral and achiral side chains that can form triple hydrogen bonds with perylene diimide (PDI) acceptors into superstructures. The homoaggregation of the individual components as well as the heteroaggregate formation, as a result of π···π stacking and H-bonding, were studied by variable-temperature UV/vis and CD spectroscopies and electronic structure theory calculations. It was found that, upon cooling, the achiral PDIs bind to disordered DPP stacks, which drives the formation of chiral superstructures. A new thermodynamic model was developed for this unprecedented assembly that is able to isolate the thermodynamic binding parameters (ΔH°, ΔS°) for all the different noncovalent contacts that drive the assembly. This novel assembly as well as the quantitative model described in this work may help researchers develop complex self-assembled systems with emergent properties that arise as a direct result of their supramolecular structures.
Anti-carbamylated Protein Antibodies Are Present Prior to Rheumatoid Arthritis and Are Associated with Its Future Diagnosis (2015)

Adding anti-CarP-FCS to antibody combinations did not improve AUC. However, anti-CarP-FCS was associated with future onset of RA, and was present in prediagnosis serum in ∼10% of RA cases negative for anti-CCP2 but positive for RF.
High-performance quantum cascade lasers: physics and applications (2002)

Physics and applications of recent quantum cascade laser active region designs are discussed. Specifically, the use of bound-to-continuum and two-phonon resonance active regions for high temperature, high duty cycle operation is reviewed. Threshold current densities as low as 3kA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> at T=300K, operation with a peak power of 90mW at 425K, and single mode, high power operation up to temperatures above 330K at (lambda) approximately equals 16micrometers are demonstrated. QC lasers able to operate at high duty cycles (50%) on a Peltier cooler were used in a demonstration of a 300MHz free space optical link between two buildings separated by 350m.
Multifunctional and Highly Sensitive Precolumn Reagents for Amino Acids in Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry (2009)

We have developed novel precolumn derivatization reagent, p-N,N,N-trimethylammonioanilyl N'-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate iodide (TAHS), for sensitive analyses of amino acids using high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS). TAHS, an activated carbamate, was reacted briefly with the amino group to form a ureide bond under mild condition. The derivatives provided selective cleavage at the binding site between the reagent and the amino acid in the collision cell of the mass spectrometer and produced a characteristic fragment derived from the reagent moiety. Using the precursor ion scan mode of the tandem mass spectrometry, amino acids derivatized with the reagents were simultaneously measured on the chromatogram. Selective cleavage also enabled the straightforward isotope ratio analysis of amino acids by the selected reaction monitoring mode, which was applicable in (13)C metabolic flux analysis. TAHS, which contains a cationic quaternary amine, achieved subfemtomole to attomole levels of amino acids detection by measurement in the selected reaction monitoring mode. We also synthesized trideuteriummethyl-substituted TAHS, TAHS-d(3), and demonstrated that the combination of TAHS and TAHS-d(3) is useful in comparing amino acid concentrations between two different samples using a single LC/MS/MS measurement.
Apidaecin-Type Peptide Antibiotics Function through a Nonporeforming Mechanism Involving Stereospecificity (1994)

Insect resistance to bacterial infections is dependent on the production of specialized defense peptides. We report here that lethal activities of apidaecin, a small peptide from honeybees, cannot possibly be the result of a conventional 'lytic' mechanism. Evidence includes the complete lack of membrane permeabilization, at concentrations that exceed lethal doses by four orders of magnitude, and undiminished sensitivity of apidaecin-resistant mutants to 'poreforming' peptides. In addition, the D-enantiomer of apidaecin is completely devoid of antibacterial activities. We propose therefore, that the antagonistic effects of apidaecin involve stereoselective recognition of a chiral cellular target, establishing this peptide as functionally unique among insect antibacterials. Identification of the apidaecin target may provide the scientific basis for rational drug design.
New fluorescent probes for sulfane sulfurs and the application in bioimaging (2013)

A sulfane sulfur mediated benzodithiolone formation was developed. Based on this reaction, two fluorescent probes (<b>SSP1</b> and <b>SSP2</b>) for the detection of sulfane sulfur species (persulfide, polysulfide, and elemental sulfur) were prepared and evaluated. The probes showed high selectivity and sensitivity to sulfane sulfurs. Moreover, <b>SSP2</b> was successfully applied for bioimaging sulfane sulfurs in living cells.
A new HPRF mode with highly accurate ranging capability for future airborne radars (2002)

A new radar mode has been developed which estimates the target velocity unambiguously and which estimates the range via the time delay of the pulses as in a MPRF mode. To do this, the lengths of the range gates are reduced to approximately the range extent of airborne targets such as fighters. In comparison to common HPRF modes we have now many distinguishable range gates inside the unambiguous range. The resolution of range ambiguities is then done by varying the pulse repetition frequency from burst to burst. The algorithm for the ambiguity resolving considers the fact that during a PRF change, targets can move to the next range gate or can cross one or more adjacent range gates. In addition, the unambiguous velocity measurement is used in an algorithm to compensate the target range migration in order to reduce the false alarm rate.
Soaked Phaseolus aureus L: an efficient biocatalyst for asymmetric reduction of prochiral aromatic ketones (2003)

An ecofriendly and environmentally benign asymmetric reduction of various prochiral ketones employing soaked Phaseolus aureus L as a biocatalyst was developed. We found for the first time that the soaked Phaseolus aureus L (commonly called green grams in India) could be effectively used for enantioselective bioreduction. This process is more efficient and generates less waste than the conventional chemical reagents or microorganisms. This process has been successfully tested for multigram scale production of optically active alcohols and this approach is found to be the most suitable for the preparation of pharmaceutically important molecules.
Phosphatidylethanol is Superior to Carbohydrate‐Deficient Transferrin and <i>γ</i>‐Glutamyltransferase as an Alcohol Marker and is a Reliable Estimate of Alcohol Consumption Level (2015)

PEth was the biomarker with the best correlation to self-reported alcohol consumption. PEth was superior to CDT owing to its substantially higher sensitivity but also due to its closer correlation to self-report. PEth values can be translated into an approximate level of alcohol consumption and PEth appears to be a more reliable measure of alcohol consumption than self-reports.
Mixtures of Insect-Pathogenic Viruses in a Single Virion: towards the Development of Custom-Designed Insecticides (2020)

Alphabaculoviruses (<i>Baculoviridae</i>) are pathogenic DNA viruses of Lepidoptera that have applications as the basis for biological insecticides and expression vectors in biotechnological processes. These viruses have a characteristic physical structure that facilitates the transmission of groups of genomes. We demonstrate that coinfection of a susceptible insect by two different alphabaculovirus species results in the production of mixed-virus occlusion bodies containing the parental viruses. This occurred between closely related and phylogenetically more distant alphabaculoviruses. Approximately half the virions present in proteinaceous viral occlusion bodies produced following coinfection of insects with a mixture of two alphabaculoviruses contained both viruses, indicating that the viruses coinfected and replicated in a single cell and were coenveloped within the same virion. This observation was confirmed by endpoint dilution assay. Moreover, both viruses persisted in the mixed-virus population by coinfection of insects during several rounds of insect-to-insect transmission. Coinfection by viruses that differed in genome size had unexpected results on the length of viral nucleocapsids, which differed from those of both parental viruses. These results have unique implications for the development of alphabaculoviruses as biological control agents of insect pests.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Alphabaculoviruses are used as biological insecticides and expression vectors in biotechnology and medical applications. We demonstrate that in caterpillars infected with particular mixtures of viruses, the genomes of different baculovirus species can be enveloped together within individual virions and occluded within proteinaceous occlusion bodies. This results in the transmission of mixed-virus populations to the caterpillar stages of moth species. Once established, mixed-virus populations persist by coinfection of insect cells during several rounds of insect-to-insect transmission. Mixed-virus production technology opens the way to the development of custom-designed insecticides for control of different combinations of caterpillar pest species.