gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surface cooled, vacuum impregnated superconducting magnet systems : design, construction, applications (1989)

This thesis handles about the design and construction of three superconducting magnet systems for applications in the fields of medical imaging, plasma physics and nuclear physics. All three systems have vacuum-impregnated, intrinsically stable coils with cooling at the outer surfaces of the winding package with liquid Helium, and are all coupled in some way to closed cycle cooling systems. General theories are discussed only briefly, as the scope of this thesis is mainly to describe the techniques used in both the design and the construction of the different magnet systems. Special emphasis is given to the use of numerical methods for the calculation of thermal and mechanical properties of superconducting coil systems. In chapter 1, the general lay-out of the coil systems, their cryostats and the related cryogenic supply systems are given as they were published in the early days of these projects. The chapters 2 through 6 describe in more detail the design aspects of the systems like field calculations, aspects of thermal and mechanical stability, quench calculations,conductor design and t he related cryogenic systems. Also some physical properties of materials commonly used in superconducting magnet design are discussed. In the chapters 7 and 8 the final construction of the coils is described and results of the stress calculations are given for the three magnet systems. Different types of interfaces between the coils, cryostats and external systems are described in the chapters 9 and 10. We mention here current leads, transfer lines and control systems. In chapter 11 magnetic stray field problems, especially with respect to the installation of the Delft MR Imaging system are discussed and some possibilities are given to reduce these fields. Finally, the experimental results obtained with the Delft MR Imaging system are described and a few examples are given of images showing sagittal sections of the human head, successfully produced with this system.
Clean right through (1999)

Don McLeod spent two years after the Skull Springs meeting trying to negotiate a better deal for Aboriginal pastoral workers with the state government and the Department of Native Affairs. But they were futile and frustrating attempts. McLeod was 'threatened, abused' and told he was sticking his nose into business that was not his concern. The 'native question' was 'considerably' beyond his 'meagre comprehension' and 'certain competent people were dealing with it'.
Osteocyte specific responses to soluble and mechanical stimuli in a stem cell derived culture model (2015)

Studying osteocyte behavior in culture has proven difficult because these embedded cells require spatially coordinated interactions with the matrix and surrounding cells to achieve the osteocyte phenotype. Using an easily attainable source of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, we generated cells with the osteocyte phenotype within two weeks. These "stem cell derived-osteocytes" (SCD-O) displayed stellate morphology and lacunocanalicular ultrastructure. Osteocytic genes Sost, Dmp1, E11, and Fgf23 were maximally expressed at 15 days and responded to PTH and 1,25(OH)2D3. Production of sclerostin mRNA and protein, within 15 days of culture makes the SCD-O model ideal for elucidating regulatory mechanisms. We found sclerostin to be regulated by mechanical factors, where low intensity vibration significantly reduced Sost expression. Additionally, this model recapitulates sclerostin production in response to osteoactive hormones, as PTH or LIV repressed secretion of sclerostin, significantly impacting Wnt-mediated Axin2 expression, via β-catenin signaling. In summary, SCD-O cells produce abundant matrix, rapidly attain the osteocyte phenotype, and secrete functional factors including sclerostin under non-immortalized conditions. This culture model enables ex vivo observations of osteocyte behavior while preserving an organ-like environment. Furthermore, as marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells can be obtained from transgenic animals; our model enables study of genetic control of osteocyte behaviors.
Towards Improving Dialogue Topic Tracking Performances with Wikification of Concept Mentions (2015)

Dialogue topic tracking aims at analyzing and maintaining topic transitions in on-going dialogues. This paper proposes to utilize Wikification-based features for providing mention-level correspondences to Wikipedia concepts for dialogue topic tracking. The experimental results show that our proposed features can significantly improve the performances of the task in mixed-initiative human-human dialogues.
Biosignals for User Authentication - Towards Cognitive Biometrics? (2010)

Cognitive biometrics refers to a novel approach for user authentication/identification utilising biosignals which reflect the mental and emotional states of an individual. Specifically, current implementations rely on the use of the electroencephalogram (EEG), electrocardiogram (ECG), and the electro dermal response (EDR) as inputs into a traditional authentication scheme. The motivation for the deployment of biosignals resides in their potential uniqueness, universality, and their resistance to spoofing. The challenge with respect to cognitive biometrics based on biosignals is to enhance the information content of the acquired data. This paper presents a brief survey of the use of such biosignals to produce cognitive biometric systems for person recognition. The types of signals used and their claimed effectiveness is presented and compared. The paper concludes with a description of the challenges facing the deployment of cognitive biometrics, including sensor design issues and the need to extract information-rich and robust features.
HIV/Hepatitis B and C co-infection: pathogenic interactions, natural history and therapy. (2001)

Recent advances in antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection have substantially improved overall mortality, as well as morbidity from life-threatening opportunistic infections. In place of the usual HIV-associated opportunistic infections, morbidity and mortality due to the sequelae of hepatitis B (HBV) and C virus (HCV) infections have taken on a leading role in HIV-infected individuals. This review will examine the pathogenesis of these viruses in the setting of co-infection and the effect of immunosuppression with HIV, the natural history of co-infection, with particular attention to the effect on serological and histological markers, and the effect of immune reconstitution on the course of HBV and HCV infection. Consideration will also be given to the effect of HIV infection on HBV and HCV load (especially for HCV) and progression of liver disease. Finally, we will discuss the rapidly evolving area of therapy, with particular attention to many of the newer agents now in clinical trials, as well as combinations of these agents.
Role of RUNX3 in Suppressing Metastasis and Angiogenesis of Human Prostate Cancer (2014)

RUNX3 (runt-related transcription factor-3) has been reported to suppress tumor tumorigenesis and metastasis in different human cancers. In this study, we used tissue microarray (TMA) to determine the significance of RUNX3 in prostate cancer progession. Our results showed ectopic expression of RUNX3 in prostate cancer tissues when compared with tumor adjacent normal prostate tissues, and reduced RUNX3 staining was significantly correlated with TNM stage. Moreover, we demonstrated that RUNX3 overexpression inhibited prostate cancer cell migration and invasion resulting from the elevated upregulation of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2), which subsequently inhibited metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression and activity in vitro. Knock down of RUNX3 expression broke up the balance of TIMP-2/MMP-2, whereas silence of TIMP-2 resulted in the inhibition of MMP-2 expression in prostate cells. We also showed that restoration of RUNX3 decreased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion and suppressed endothelial cell growth and tube formation. Strikingly, RUNX3 was demonstrated to inhibit tumor metastasis and angiogenesis in vivo. Altogether, our results support the tumor suppressive role of RUNX3 in human prostate cancer, and provide insights into development of targeted therapy for this disease.
Posthypoxic cooling of neonatal rats provides protection against brain injury. (1996)

Posthypoxic hypothermia reduces brain damage in awake, unrestrained 7 day old rats.
Improving Oxidation Behavior of (Alpha- Beta) (Cu-Zn40) Brass by Aluminum Addition (2019)

Brass alloys with a zinc content of 35 % and more have a mixture of the alpha (FCC) and beta (BCC) phases, that causes an increasing in hardness significantly. Further, this alloy can be formed only by hot-working. Therefore, it appears problematic of oxidation at high temperature. This leads to create an idea of improving oxidation behavior of the α+β (Cu-Zn40) brass alloy by adding different amounts of aluminum(1, 3 and 5) wt %. Cyclic oxidation tests were conducted on the α+β (Cu-Zn40) brass with and without aluminum in the air at temperatures range between 500-700°C for 18 hours at 6 hours cycle. All specimens exhibited parabolic oxidation rate dependence and the value of K p for ( α+ β) (Cu-Zn40) brass alloy with aluminum is nearly lower than that for(α+β) (Cu-Zn40) brass alloy under the same condition. The phases appear in the cyclic oxidation of α+β (Cu-Zn40) brass surface after addition of aluminum under further most test situations as exposed by XRD examination are (Al 2 O 3 , ZnO, CuO).
The application of the asymmetric polyphase filter in an SSB transceiver (2002)

This paper describes the polyphase phase shift filter system of SSB generation and demodulation, and highlights the suitability of the polyphase filter for interfacing with CMOS analogue gates as a switching mixer. The performance is analyzed in the light of several years of production of a 1.6 to 30 MHz 100 W transceiver using this technique. Typically under conditions of power amplification the apparent carrier and sideband suppressions are reduced from the levels generated in the modulator. The reasons for this degradation in performance are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synchronous Ethernet and IEEE 1588 in telecoms next generation synchronization networks (2013)

This book addresses the multiple technical aspects of the distribution of synchronization in new generation telecommunication networks, focusing in particular on synchronous Ethernet and IEEE1588 technologies. Many packet network engineers struggle with understanding the challenges that precise synchronization distribution can impose on networks. The usual “why”, “when” and particularly “how” can cause problems for many engineers. In parallel to this, some other markets have identical synchronization requirements, but with their own design requirements, generating further questions. This book attempts to respond to the different questions by providing background technical information. Invaluable information on state of-the-art packet network synchronization and timing architectures is provided, as well as an unbiased view on the synchronization technologies that have been internationally standardized over recent years, with the aim of providing the average reader (who is not skilled in the art) with a better understanding of this topic. The book focuses specifically on synchronous Ethernet and IEEE 1588 PTP-based technologies, both key developments in the world of synchronization over the last 10 years. The authors address the needs of engineers and technical managers who are struggling with the subject of synchronization and provide an engineering reference for those that need to consider synchronization in NGN. The market applications that are driving the development of packet network synchronization and timing architectures are also discussed. This book provides a wide audience with everything they need to know when researching, implementing, buying and deploying packet synchronization architectures in telecommunication networks.
Tartaric Acid Recovery from Distilled Lees and Use of the Residual Solid as an Economic Nutrient for<i>Lactobacillus</i> (2006)

The recovery of tartaric acid (TA) from distilled vinification lees coming from the white and red winemaking technology was optimized using response surface methodology and Statistica 5.0 software. The sequential treatment of dissolving TA and further calcium tartrate (CaT) precipitation could be used to recover up to 92.4% of the initial TA when distilled white lees were used. The residual lees were employed as economic nutrients for lactic acid production by Lactobacillus pentosus CECT-4023 using hemicellulosic vine shoot hydrolysates as carbon source. Distilled lees after TA extraction used as nutrients provided values of lactic acid (18.4-18.9 g/L), global volumetric productivities (0.82-0.84 g/L.h), and product yields (0.69-0.70 g/g) similar to those achieved when using the general medium for Lactobacilli (18.6 g/L, 1.11 g/L.h, and 0.62 g/g, respectively) or lees without TA extraction (16.4-17.2 g/L, 0.96-1.21 g/L.h, and 0.61-0.66 g/g, respectively). This technology not only avoids pollutant disposal but also represents a commercial source of tartaric acid and economic nutrients for biotechnological processes.
NON-ISOCHRONOUS & ISOCHRONOUS, NON-SCALING FFAG DESIGNS (2007)

Descriptions are given of some non-scaling, FFAG ring designs for the acceleration of proton or ion beams, and for the very rapid acceleration of muons to high energy. A non-isochronous design may be used for the former, and a nearly, or a fully, isochronous design for the latter. Low energy electron models are needed to study the different types. Data is given for a number of designs that have been proposed.
Detection of <i>Neoparamoeba perurans</i> by duplex quantitative Taqman real‐time PCR in formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded Atlantic salmonid gill tissues (2012)

The development and the application of a quantitative duplex real-time PCR for the detection of Neoparamoeba perurans and the elongation factor α 1 gene (ELF) of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), are described. A set of primers and probe was designed to amplify a 139-bp fragment specific to the N. perurans 18S rRNA gene. The test was shown to be very sensitive, being able to detect as little as 13.4 DNA copies per μL corresponding to 0.15 fg of template DNA. In addition, the reaction that detected N. perurans was found to have a high degree of repeatability and reproducibility, to have a linear dynamic range (R(2 ) = 0.999) extending over 5 log(10) dilutions and to have a high efficiency (104%). The assay was applied to DNA samples extracted from 48 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) salmon gill tissues showing varying degrees of gill histopathology and amoebic gill disease (AGD)-type histopathology ranging from absent to severe (each scored 0-3). Neoparamoeba perurans DNA was detected in all the blocks where AGD-type histopathology was diagnosed microscopically and in 43.6% of the blocks showing signs of gill pathology. The association between parasitic load and gill histopathology and AGD-type histopathology severity was also investigated. This study also describes the development and the application of a second real-time PCR for the generic detection of Neoparamoeba spp., Page, 1987. A set of primers and probe conserved among the Neoparamoeba spp. was designed to amplify a 150-bp fragment within the 18S rRNA gene. Applied to N. perurans-negative gill tissues, the method was used to exclude the presence of other Neoparamoeba spp. in those blocks where gill pathology was observed microscopically.
The loss of antibody productivity in continuous culture of hybridoma cells (1990)

Two hybridoma lines, HB8178 and AFP-27, were grown in continuous culture. The concentrations of viable cells as well as those of various nutrients and metabolites reached steady-state values. The concentrations of either total IgG or antigen-specific antibody, however, failed to reach steady-state values but rather continuously decreased over the course of the cultures. The fraction of antibody-producing cells in the total cellular population also continuously decreased in the AFP-27 cultures. Comparison of the specific antibody productivity based on either the entire population or the antibody-producing fraction of the population over time suggests that the decrease in productivity was at least partly due to the occurrence of a nonproducing subpopulation of cells.
Monocarboxylate transporter expression in the spontaneous hypertensive rat: Effect of stroke (2004)

The expression of the monocarboxylate transporters (MCT) 1, 2, and 4 have been studied in the brains of spontaneous hypertensive (SH) rats after an ischemic insult induced by a permanent occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery (MCAO). Profound temporal changes in MCT1 expression were observed in various regions of the ipsilateral hemisphere over the period of 1 hr to 5 days after MCAO. Initially, a very rapid and transient increase in MCT1 mRNA was observed in neurons in the second layer of the cortex and in the piriform cortex at 1-3 hr. A slower but sustained increase in MCT1 mRNA expression was observed in astrocytes in the peri-infarct region beginning at 6 hr after MCAO and persisting over a period of 120 hr coinciding with their activation, migration, and involvement in scar formation. An increase in MCT1 expression in endothelial cells was seen over the same period. These increases in MCT1 expression in astrocytes and endothelial cells were accompanied by a corresponding increase in MCT1 protein. Finally at 120 hr post-MCAO, increases in MCT1, MCT2, and MCT4 expression were observed in cells within the infarct and bordering the scar, the identity of which remains to be determined. Consistent with cell death, the levels of MCT1, MCT2, and MCT4 mRNA decreased with cell death within the infarcted area but unlike MCT1, no increases in either MCT2 or 4 were observed within the remaining ipsilateral hemisphere. These studies reveal that the pattern of regulation of MCT1 expression after MCAO is similar to that observed previously for glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and suggest that the regulation of MCT1 mRNA expression is mediated by the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor HIF1.
Megakaryocytic differentiation of K562 cells is associated with changes in the cytoskeletal organization and the pattern of chromatographically distinct forms of phosphotyrosyl-specific protein phosphatases. (1990)

We have analyzed morphological and biochemical changes occurring during megakaryocytic differentiation of the human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line K562 induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). PMA-treated cells became growth arrested, were slightly larger and irregular in shape, adhered better to the culture flask surface, and expressed the glycoprotein IIIa on their surfaces. The morphological changes induced by PMA treatment were associated with the disappearance of actin from the cytosol and presumably reflect PMA-induced actin polymerization. Megakaryocytic differentiation was accompanied by about a 3-fold decrease in the specific phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase (PTPase) activity in the particulate membrane fraction, whereas the activity in the soluble cytosol fraction increased about 3-fold. The decrease of PTPase activity in the particulate membrane fraction could be attributed to the disappearance of at least 1 distinct PTPase form displaying an apparent native Mr of 200,000 and a reduction in activity of a Mr 43,000 PTPase found associated with membranes of all cells examined to date. The increase of PTPase activity in the cytosol fraction manifested itself by the appearance of a new Mr 40,000 PTPase and a reduction of a Mr 60,000 PTPase. These results suggest the existence of several growth- and/or differentiation-related PTPase activities in K562 cells.
Drought‐induced changes in anthesis‐silking interval are related to silk expansion: a spatio‐temporal growth analysis in maize plants subjected to soil water deficit (2008)

The growth and emergence of maize silks has a considerable importance in yield determination under drought conditions. Spatial and temporal patterns of the rates of tissue expansion and of cell division were characterized in silks of plants subjected to different soil water potentials. In all cases, silk development consisted of four phases: (1) cell division and tissue expansion occurred together uniformly all along the silk; (2) cell division progressively ceased from tip to base, while expansion remained spatially uniform including during the phase (3) after the cessation of cell division; and (4) as the silk emerged from the husks, expansion ceased in the emerged portion, probably because of direct evaporative demand, while the relative growth rate progressively decreased in the enclosed part. The rates of tissue expansion and cell division were reduced with water deficit, resulting in delayed silk emergence. The duration of cell division was not affected, and in all cases, the end of cell division in the silk coincided with anther dehiscence. The duration of phase 3, between the end of cell division and the arrest of cell growth in silk apex, considerably increased with water deficit. It corresponded to the anthesis-silking interval used by breeders to characterize the response of cultivars to stress.
Cost of Chickenpox in Canada: Part I. Cost of Uncomplicated Cases (1999)

Chickenpox is one of the last common childhood diseases prevalent in Canada, and the uncomplicated disease, despite its rather benign course, imparts a large annual economic burden.
Onset of chaos in time-dependent spherically symmetric SU(2) Yang-Mills theory (1990)

The chaotic nature of time-dependent, spherically symmetric solutions of SU(2) Yang-Mills equations is numerically studied. We show that the phase space near the Wu-Yang magnetic-monopole solution is intrinsically not only ergodic but also chaotic by measuring the induction period, the equal-time correlation, and the maximal Lyapunov exponents.
Recent Advances on Signal Processing Solutions for Distortion Mitigation Due to Power Amplifier and Non-Ideality of Transmitter System (2011)

Recent research in communication is inclined towards modulation and assesses techniques that are more spectrally efficient to support more users per base station to reduce overall network costs and make the services affordable to subscribers. However, these signals are highly envelope varying that invokes distortion in transmitted signal due to transmitter nonlinearity and other linear impairments. Therefore, to extract optimum benefits in terms of cost and performance, transmitter linearization solutions are constantly evolving. This patent review highlights developments in this arena from past decade to current and futuristic trends, focusing on the evolution from bulky analogue to reconfigurable digital predistortion and from memoryless nonlinearity based distortion mitigation to recent trends to compensate for memory and other transmitter line-up imperfections. Keywords: Predistortion, power amplifier linearization, memory effects, IQ imbalance in modulators, power amplifier behavioral models, neural networks, Wiener-Hammerstein, adaptive filters, power amplifier, modulators, wireless communication systems, FEEDFORWARD TECHNIQUE, transmitted signal, linearization techniques, error amplifier
Paired overbounding for nonideal LAAS and WAAS error distributions (2006)

A significant challenge in fielding space-based and ground-based augmentation systems (SBAS and GBAS) for GPS involves the validation of navigation integrity, which requires the establishment of error bounds for aircraft position. This paper introduces a new approach to validating position-domain integrity by using two-sided envelopes for each ranging source. This paired-bounding approach allows for error distributions of arbitrary form and thus improves on earlier integrity validation approaches restricted to zero-mean, symmetric, and unimodal distributions.