gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Visualization of Mixing Flow Phenomena in Champagne Glasses under Various Glass-Shape and Engravement Conditions (2007)

For the very first time, a classical flow visualization technique was used to capture the fluid motion in traditional flutes and coupes poured with champagne. It was found that glasses engraved around their axis of symmetry produce a rising gas column along the vertical glass axis that induces, in turn, steady state recirculating flow regions. In the case of the classical engraved champagne flute, the whole domain of the liquid phase is homogeneously mixed, whereas in the case of the engraved champagne coupe, the recirculating flow region does not occupy the whole volume in the glass. In the engraved coupe, a dead-zone of very low motion was identified, which inhibits the formation of the collar at the glass edge. Our results finally strongly suggest that the glass-shape and engravement conditions should likely have a strong impact on champagne tasting by modifying the kinetics of release of carbon dioxide molecules and aromatic volatile organic compounds from the liquid medium.
Low-current fault detection in high impedance grounded distribution networks, using residual variations of asymmetries (2012)

This paper presents a new method of detecting low-current faults in high impedance grounded distribution networks, in both compensated and ungrounded medium voltage networks. Based on monitoring the residual variations of line and phase asymmetries, the proposed algorithm can be used in combination with other steady-state data-based methodologies, in order to detect the existence of a single-phase ground fault, as well as identify the faulty feeder and phase. Although it could also be used in compensated networks by means of other techniques (such as the injection of zero-sequence currents in the neutral), the algorithm described in this paper has been developed by using superposed voltages, so as to make its application possible in compensated and ungrounded distribution networks. Furthermore, the reliability of this algorithm has been extensively tested in Matlab/Simulink, considering a wide range of resistive faults, and its practical applicability has also been described.
PCMAIL: A distributed mail system for personal computers (1986)

This document is a preliminary discussion of the design of a personal-
computer-based distributed mail system. Pcmail is a distributed mail
system that provides mail service to an arbitrary number of users,
each of which owns one or more personal computers (PCs). The system is
divided into two halves. The first consists of a single entity called
the repository. The repository is a storage center for incoming
mail. Mail for a Pcmail user can arrive externally from the Internet
or internally from other repository users. The repository also
maintains a stable copy of each user's mail state. The repository
is therefore typically a computer with a large amount of disk storage.
It is published for discussion and comment, and does not constitute a
standard. As the proposal may change, implementation of this document
is not advised. See RFC-993.
Quadrature laser interferometry in the pulsed plasma diagnostic (2016)

The article provides an overview of methods for plasma diagnostics based on the laser interferometry with quadrature recording of informative signals. Quadrature interferometers allow providing a wide dynamic range for measurements of electron densities while maintaining the homogeneous differential sensitivity. The existing range of linear electron density measuring with quadrature interferometers in pulsed plasma installations equals to 1010-1019 cm2.
Topological Control of Porous Silicon Photonic Crystals by Microcontact Printing (2013)

Free‐standing, uniformly wrinkled multilayered photonic crystals are prepared in porous Si by conformal electrochemical etch of a highly doped p ++ type Si wafer that is pre‐shaped with periodic grooves. The grooves are prepared by first microcontact printing a parallel line of oligomeric polydimethylsiloxane and then electrochemically etching the patterned wafer. The etch proceeds anisotropically, with the resist‐covered regions etching more slowly than the resist‐free regions. The grooved substrate is then etched using a sinusoidal current density waveform, generating a porosity‐modulated photonic crystal (rugate filter) that is conformal with the grooves. This porous multilayer is then removed, resulting in a freestanding nanostructure with a corrugated topological modulation in the x–y plane and a rugated porosity modulation in the z‐direction. In addition to the resonant photonic reflectance signature from the porosity‐modulated rugate filter (along the z direction), the structures display optical diffraction in transmission from the x–y plane due to the spatially modulated grooves. The silicon wafer that remains after removal of the porous multilayer still contains a rippled surface, allowing the process to be repeated without additional microcontact printing. Six generations of freestanding, three‐dimensional diffraction gratings are produced from a single wafer and only one initial patterning step.
Clinical Features of Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy Associated With Mutations in Plakophilin-2 (2006)

Our study highlights the clinical relevance of PKP2 mutations in ARVD/C. Presence of a PKP2 mutation in ARVD/C correlates with earlier onset of symptoms and arrhythmia. Patients with a PKP2 mutation experience ICD interventions irrespective of the classic risk factors determining ICD intervention in ARVD/C patients.
Image Representation, Indexing and Retrieval Based on Spatial Relationships and Properties of Objects (1993)

IN THIS thesis, a new methodology is presented which supports the efficient representation, indexing and retrieval of images by content. Images may be indexed and accessed based on spatial relationships between objects, properties of individual objects, and properties of object classes. In particular, images are first decomposed into groups of objects, called &quot;image subsets&quot;, and are indexed by computing addresses to all such groups. All groups up to a predefined maximum size are considered. This methodology supports the efficient processing of queries by image example and avoids exhaustive searching through the entire image database. The image database consists of a &quot;physical database&quot; which stores the original image files and a &quot;logical database&quot; which stores all image subsets together with their representations. The logical database consists of a set of data files each storing subsets of equal size. Queries are resolved through the logical database. Searching is performed in two st...
Image Retrieval Based on Bit-Plane Distribution Entropy (2008)

Based on the analysis of color histogram for image retrieval, a new descriptor, bit-plane distribution entropy (BPDE), is proposed in this paper. The image is firstly divided into eight bit-planes and the Gray-code of bit-planes is introduced to avoid the effect of changes in the intensity values on bit-planes. Then, an entropy vector is constructed by computing the entropy of the first four significant planes which contain most of the structural information of the image. Finally, with designing of the correlation-weighted matrix, the Mahalanobis distance is adopted to measure the similarity because of the correlation between the concerned vectors. Comparisons are conducted between BPDE and other descriptors. Experimental results show that the proposed method provides more significantly retrieval results than the traditional ones.
Identification of potentially toxic environmental <i>Microcystis</i> by individual and multiple PCR amplification of specific microcystin synthetase gene regions (2005)

Reliable cyanotoxin monitoring in water reservoirs is difficult because of, among other reasons, unpredictable changes in cyanobacteria biomass, toxin production, and inadequate sampling frequency. Therefore, it would be useful to identify potentially microcystin-producing strains of cyanobacterial populations in field samples. With this aim, we developed a methodology to distinguish microcystin-producing from non-producing Microcystis strains by amplifying six characteristic segments of the microcystin synthetase mcy cluster, three corresponding to the nonribosomal peptide synthetase, genes mcyA, mcyB, and mcyC, and three to the polyketide synthase, genes mcyD, mcyE, and mcyG. For this purpose five new primer sets were designed and tested using purified DNA, cultured cells, and field colonies as DNA sources. Simultaneous amplification of several genes in multipex PCR reactions was performed in this study. The results obtained showed that: (i) the expected specific amplicons were obtained with all microcystin-producing strains but not with nonproducing strains; (ii) cells could be directly used as DNA templates, 2000 cells being a sufficient number in most cases; (iii) simultaneous amplification of several gene regions is feasible both with cultured cells and with field colonies. Our data support the idea that the presence of various mcy genes in Microcystis could be used as a criterion for ascribing potential toxigenicity to field strains, and the possibility of applying whole-cell assays for the simultaneous amplification of various genes may contribute significantly to simplifying toxigenicity testing.
Voice Conversion Using Pitch Shifting Algorithm by Time Stretching with PSOLA and Re-Sampling (2010)

Voice Conversion Using Pitch Shifting Algorithm by Time Stretching with PSOLA and Re-Sampling Voice changing has many applications in the industry and commercial filed. This paper emphasizes voice conversion using a pitch shifting method which depends on detecting the pitch of the signal (fundamental frequency) using Simplified Inverse Filter Tracking (SIFT) and changing it according to the target pitch period using time stretching with Pitch Synchronous Over Lap Add Algorithm (PSOLA), then resampling the signal in order to have the same play rate. The same study was performed to see the effect of voice conversion when some Arabic speech signal is considered. Treatment of certain Arabic voiced vowels and the conversion between male and female speech has shown some expansion or compression in the resulting speech. Comparison in terms of pitch shifting is presented here. Analysis was performed for a single frame and a full segmentation of speech.
Panoptic-DeepLab: A Simple, Strong, and Fast Baseline for Bottom-Up Panoptic Segmentation (2019)

In this work, we introduce Panoptic-DeepLab, a simple, strong, and fast system for panoptic segmentation, aiming to establish a solid baseline for bottom-up methods that can achieve comparable performance of two-stage methods while yielding fast inference speed. In particular, Panoptic-DeepLab adopts the dual-ASPP and dual-decoder structures specific to semantic, and instance segmentation, respectively. The semantic segmentation branch is the same as the typical design of any semantic segmentation model (e.g., DeepLab), while the instance segmentation branch is class-agnostic, involving a simple instance center regression. As a result, our single Panoptic-DeepLab simultaneously ranks first at all three Cityscapes benchmarks, setting the new state-of-art of 84.2% mIoU, 39.0% AP, and 65.5% PQ on test set. Additionally, equipped with MobileNetV3, Panoptic-DeepLab runs nearly in real-time with a single 1025x2049 image (15.8 frames per second), while achieving a competitive performance on Cityscapes (54.1 PQ% on test set). On Mapillary Vistas test set, our ensemble of six models attains 42.7% PQ, outperforming the challenge winner in 2018 by a healthy margin of 1.5%. Finally, our Panoptic-DeepLab also performs on par with several top-down approaches on the challenging COCO dataset. For the first time, we demonstrate a bottom-up approach could deliver state-of-the-art results on panoptic segmentation.
MYCOTOXIGENIC FUNGI, MYCOTOXINS, AND MANAGEMENT OF RICE GRAINS (2008)

Mycotoxin contamination in certain agricultural commodities has been a serious concern for human and animal health. Mycotoxins are substances produced mostly as secondary metabolites by filamentous fungi that grow on seeds, grains, and feed in the field, or in storage. The major mycotoxin-producing fungi are species of Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium. Aflatoxins, fumonisins, trichothecenes, ochratoxins, cyclopiazonic acid, patulin, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, citrinin, gliotoxin, and sterigmatocystin are some of the important mycotoxins. This paper reviews the mycotoxigenic fungi, their levels of mycotoxins, and their management by using botanicals, microbiologicals, and cooking methods in rice. The data from detailed investigations on rice seeds and grains help to provide safe grains for consumption and export, and prioritize future research programs.
Accurate structure and motion computation in the presence of range image distortions due to sequential acquisition (1994)

An innovative technique for rigid body motion estimation for use with sequential, time-of-flight laser radar scanners is presented. The method is an iterative, linear, feature-based approach which uses the non-zero image acquisition time constraint to accurately recover the motion parameters from the distorted structure of the 3-D range maps. The performance of the technique is experimentally verified using computer simulations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
MxiE Regulates Intracellular Expression of Factors Secreted by the<i>Shigella flexneri</i>2a Type III Secretion System (2002)

The mxi-spa locus on the virulence plasmid of Shigella flexneri encodes components of the type III secretion system. mxiE, a gene within this locus, encodes a protein that is homologous to the AraC/XylS family of transcriptional regulators, but currently its role in pathogenesis remains undefined. We characterized the virulence phenotype of a nonpolar mxiE mutant and found that this mutant retained the ability to invade mammalian cells in tissue culture and secrete Ipas (type III effectors required for host cell invasion), although it was less efficient than wild-type Shigella at cell-to-cell spread. Despite its invasive properties in culture, the mxiE mutant was completely avirulent in an animal model. Potential targets for MxiE activation were identified by using promoter-green fluorescent protein fusions, and gene expression was examined under various growth conditions. Six MxiE-regulated genes were discovered: ospB, ospC1, ospE2, ospF, virA, and ipaH(9.8). Notably, activation of these genes only occurred within the intracellular environment of the host and not during growth at 37 degrees C in liquid culture. Interestingly, all of the MxiE-regulated proteins previously have been shown to be secreted through the type III secretion system and are putative virulence factors. Our findings suggest that some of these Osp proteins may be involved in postinvasion events related to virulence. Since bacterial pathogens adapt to multiple environments during the course of infecting a host, we propose that Shigella evolved a mechanism to take advantage of a unique intracellular cue, which is mediated through MxiE, to express proteins when the organism reaches the eukaryotic cytosol.
Affective Latent Representation of Acoustic and Lexical Features for Emotion Recognition (2020)

In this paper, we propose a novel emotion recognition method based on the underlying emotional characteristics extracted from a conditional adversarial auto-encoder (CAAE), in which both acoustic and lexical features are used as inputs. The acoustic features are generated by calculating statistical functionals of low-level descriptors and by a deep neural network (DNN). These acoustic features are concatenated with three types of lexical features extracted from the text, which are a sparse representation, a distributed representation, and an affective lexicon-based dimensions. Two-dimensional latent representations similar to vectors in the valence-arousal space are obtained by a CAAE, which can be directly mapped into the emotional classes without the need for a sophisticated classifier. In contrast to the previous attempt to a CAAE using only acoustic features, the proposed approach could enhance the performance of the emotion recognition because combined acoustic and lexical features provide enough discriminant power. Experimental results on the Interactive Emotional Dyadic Motion Capture (IEMOCAP) corpus showed that our method outperformed the previously reported best results on the same corpus, achieving 76.72% in the unweighted average recall.
Free Fatty Acid as a Link in the Regulation of Hepatic Glucose Output by Peripheral Insulin (1995)

Overproduction of glucose by the liver in the face of insulin resistance is a primary cause of hyperglycemia in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). However, mechanisms involved in control of hepatic glucose output (HGO) remain less than clear, even in normal individuals. Recent results have supported an indirect extrahepatic effect of insulin as the primary locus of insulin action to restrain HGO. One suggested extrahepatic site is the pancreatic alpha-cell. To examine whether insulin's extrahepatic site is independent of the alpha-cells, HGO suppression was examined independent of changes in glucagon secretion or insulin antagonism of glucagon action. Euglycemic glucose clamps (n = 40) with somatostatin infusion were performed in conscious dogs (n = 5). Paired experiments were conducted in which insulin was infused either portally (1.2, 3.0, 6.0 pmol.min-1.kg-1) or peripherally at half the portal infusion rate (0.6, 1.5, 3.0 pmol.min-1.kg-1). Additional zero and saturating portal-dose experiments (100 pmol.min-1.kg-1) were also performed. For the paired experiments, portal insulin infusion resulted in portal insulin concentrations approximately two to three times higher than in the corresponding peripheral insulin infusion experiments, while at the same time peripheral insulin concentrations were approximately matched. Equal peripheral insulin concentration resulted in equivalent HGO suppression irrespective of the portal concentrations. Thus, insulin affects a signal at a peripheral site, other than alpha-cell, that in turn suppresses hepatic glucose production. To investigate the nature of this signal, we measured alanine, lactate, and free fatty acids (FFAs).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Identification of cis-regulatory elements in the myelin proteolipid protein (PLP) gene. (1992)

Regulatory elements of the proteolipid protein (PLP) gene were identified physically by footprinting and gel mobility shift assays and functionally by transfecting glial cell lines with PLP-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase chimeric genes. In both human and rat glial cells, only several hundred base pairs of upstream sequence were sufficient for high level activity of the human PLP promoter. This region contains five sites that contact nuclear proteins in vitro. More distal recognition sites may exist, as regions upstream of -524 displayed silencing activity indicative of a negative regulatory element. A series of site directed mutations revealed one essential positive element (ATGGA at -118) which is found in other genes encoding myelin proteins. Our combined biochemical and functional analyses indicate that the key cis sites for maximal tissue-specific expression of PLP in cultured glial cells are clustered near the promoter. Within this cluster are several conserved motifs that may coordinate the regulation of myelin-specific genes.
Clinical pharmacokinetics of salicylates: a re‐assessment. (1980)

1 Aspirin is partly hydrolyzed to salicylic acid during absorption. Absorbed aspirin is rapidly hydrolyzed systemically. Salicylic acid elimination kinetics are dependent on drug concentration due to the limited capacity of two major biotransformation pathways: formation of salicyluric acid and of salicylphenolic glucuronide. 2 The time courses of the various pharmacological effects of single doses of aspirin are not directly coincident with the plasma concentrations of either aspirin or salicylic acid but there is reasonably good evidence that the pharmacological effects are related to the concentration of aspirin, salicylic acid, or both. 3 Steady-state plasma salicylate concentrations increase more than proportionally with increasing daily dose; the time required to reach steady state increases with increasing daily dose. Dosage intervals of 8 or even 12 h are usually sufficient to maintain plasma salicylate concentrations in the anti-inflammatory concentration range. Monitoring of plasma salicylate concentrations in this range is facilitated by the relatively small drug concentration fluctuations during a dosing interval at steady-state. 4 Limited data suggest that the pharmacological activity of salicylate is produced by free (unbound) drug. As the plasma protein binding of salicylic acid is concentration-dependent and subject to pronounced interindividual differences, it is preferable, at least in principle, to monitor free rather than total concentrations of salicylate in plasma. Although salicylate concentration in saliva reflects the free rather than total salicylate concentration in plasma or serum, use of saliva for indirect monitoring of plasma salicylate concentrations seems to be impractical for technical reasons.
A comprehensive seismic velocity model for the Netherlands based on lithostratigraphic layers (2006)

Abstract A seismic velocity model is necessary to map depth and thickness of subsurface layers interpreted from seismic reflection images. We have built a seismic velocity model (VELMOD-1) for the entire Netherlands area, both onshore and offshore, using non-confidential data (sonic logs, time-depth pairs, lithostratigraphic marker depths and downhole position data) of 720 boreholes in DINO - National Geoscientific Portal, and a preliminary isochore map (in seismic traveltime representation) of the layer of the Zechstein Group. The model is based on the V int -z mid method applied to the following lithostratigraphic layers: Lower, Middle and Upper North Sea groups; Chalk Group; Rijnland Group; Schieland, Scruff and Niedersachsen groups; Altena Group; Lower and Upper Germanic Trias groups; Upper Rotliegend Group; and Limburg Group. Per layer, the linear least squares approximation, applied to V int as a function of z mid , provides parameters V 0 and K for a linear velocity function V(z) = V 0 + K · z. In VELMOD-1, K is constant, at least at the scale of structural elements, whereas V 0 varies with location. At borehole locations, V 0 is calibrated such that traveltime through the layer according to the linear velocity model equals the traveltime according to the borehole data. A kriging procedure is applied to the calibrated V 0 (x, y)-values resulting in an estimated V 0 -value at any other location. The model V 0 -values were determined on an areal grid with cells of 1 km × 1 km. On the same grid, kriged interval velocities constitute the model for the Zechstein Group. These interval velocities stem directly from interval velocities at borehole locations; at other positions they are also dependent on the thickness (in terms of seismic traveltime isochores) of the layer of the Zechstein Group. Maps are presented of the distributions of both V 0 and its standard deviation for two layers: that of the Chalk Group and that of the Lower and Upper Germanic Trias groups.
Effects on the Positive Electrode of the Corrosion of  AB 5 Alloys in Nickel‐Metal‐Hydride Batteries (1998)

Effects of corrosion of alloys are evaluated in nickel‐metal‐hydride (Ni‐MH) cells. Particularly, it is shown how Al released by the corroded alloys pollutes the positive electrode, which endures a loss of charging efficiency, due to the formation of an hydrotalcite‐like phase stabilized with Al. Furthermore, since Al is eluted from the hydride electrode and is completely trapped in the positive active material, the titration of this element in the positive electrode is a powerful technique for quantification of the corrosion of AB5 alloys in Ni‐MH cells.