gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automated Optimization of Void Pantograph Settings (2011)

Void pantographs (VPs) have been an important part of the security printing toolkit for several decades. When crafted for a specific printing technology, VPs provide an almost “magical” effect—they are nearly invisible in the original print and then stand out strikingly when they are copied. However, this effect comes at an expense—VPs have historically been designed only for a specific printing technology, and so cannot be extended to a mobile-printing world, where the VP needs to be supported by a wide range of printers.In this paper, we describe an automated process for optimizing the VP settings. These are the background and foreground pattern used in the VP—the background “disappears” when copied and the foreground “bolds”. VP test sheets are created using the ranges of background and foreground settings necessary to guarantee identification of at least one “readable” pair of settings. This can be automated by writing the VP as a readable mark—for example, a barcode that can be read (or not read) by a barcode reader; text that can be read (or not read) by an optical character recognition (OCR) engine; or even a face that can be recognized by a face recognition engine. The successful VPs will not be readable (using camera images to prevent a “copying” effect) when originally printed but accurately readable (using a camera) after a single copy, or print-scan, cycle.
Measuring jitter of high speed data channels using undersampling techniques (2002)

Jitter is a critical parameter in high speed data communication channels. A new jitter measurement technique utilizing a high bandwidth undersampling voltage measurement instrument is presented. This type of undersampling instrument is common in mixed-signal ATE. The advantages of this new technique over other traditional jitter measurement techniques are: bandwidth, ease of use, and throughput.
P(CN)<sub>3</sub> Precursor for Carbon Phosphonitride Extended Solids (2015)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTP(CN)3 Precursor for Carbon Phosphonitride Extended SolidsBrian L. Chaloux†, Brendan L. Yonke†, Andrew P. Purdy‡, James P. Yesinowski‡, Evan R. Glaser§, and Albert Epshteyn*‡View Author Information‡ †NRC Postdoctoral Associate, ‡Chemistry Division, and §Electronics Science and Technology Division, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, United States*E-mail: [email protected]. Mailing address: 4555 Overlook Ave. SW, Washington, DC 20375.Cite this: Chem. Mater. 2015, 27, 13, 4507–4510Publication Date (Web):June 11, 2015Publication History Received27 April 2015Revised11 June 2015Published online15 June 2015Published inissue 14 July 2015https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b01561https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b01561rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1387Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Atmospheric chemistry,Carbon,Materials,Nitrogen compounds,Oxidation Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates Catalysed by Aluminium Heteroscorpionate Complexes (2015)

New aluminium scorpionate based complexes have been prepared and used for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and carbon dioxide. Bimetallic aluminium(heteroscorpionate) complexes 9-14 were synthesised in very high yields. The single-crystal X-ray structures of 12 and 13 confirm an asymmetric κ(2)-NO-μ-O arrangement in a dinuclear molecular disposition. These bimetallic aluminium complexes were investigated as catalysts for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and carbon dioxide in the presence of ammonium salts. Under the optimal reaction conditions, complex 9 in combination with tetrabutylammonium bromide acts as a very efficient catalyst system for the conversion of both monosubstituted and internal epoxides into the corresponding cyclic carbonates showing broad substrate scope. Complex 9 and tetrabutylammonium bromide is the second most efficient aluminium-based catalyst system for the reaction of internal epoxides with carbon dioxide. A kinetic study has been carried out and showed that the reactions were first order in complex 9 and tetrabutylammonium bromide concentrations. Based on the kinetic study, a catalytic cycle is proposed.
Regularization method for phase-constrained parallel MRI (2013)

The proposed regularization method is an efficient approach for artifact suppression and maintains the SNR benefit of phase-constrained parallel MRI over conventional parallel MRI.
Improved Sonic Boom Scaling Algorithm (2006)

Recent flight testing of the DARPA funded Shaped Sonic Boom Demonstrator (SSBD) showed that the non-N-wave shaped sonic boom signatures predicted by theory will persist through the atmosphere, and has reinvigorated interest in the development of a new generation of supersonic cruise aircraft. Since the development and operational cost of flight test vehicles are proportional to their size and weight there is a strong fiscal incentive for establishing sonic boom acceptability criteria using sub-scale test aircraft. However, it is essential that the acoustic characteristics of the full scale aircraft be accurately reproduced by the sub-scale tests. A remarkable scaling concept has been found by including Mach number as an independent variable. The improved sonic boom signature scaling reproduces not only the peak overpressure and duration of the signature shaping, but also the details of the shape distribution. Application of this improved sonic boom scaling concept enables the development of a more cost effective approach to low sonic boom flight demonstration with high confidence for accurately demonstrating the correct acoustic characteristics of larger scale future production aircraft.
Synthesis and biological activity of some broad-spectrum N-acylphenylglycine cephalosporins (1977)

The synthesis and the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of a series of N-acylated phenylglycine cephalosporins are described. These compounds exhibit activity against a broad spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria including some strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a bacterial species normally insensitive to the cephalosporin antibiotics. The cephalosporins were prepared by acylation of cephaloglycin or its 3-tetrazolylthiomethyl analogue. In several cases, the acylations produced mixtures of diastereomeric cephalosporins, the components of which, when separated, showed different levels of antibiotic activity. Optimum activity was obtained when the acyl moiety on the phenylglycine nitrogen contained an oxygen atom centrally located between the amide carbonyl and a carboxyl substituent, preferably in a three- or five-membered ring. Replacement of acetoxymethyl by (1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)thiomethyl at the 3 position resulted in overall improvement in activity both in vitro and in vivo. Against a group of P. aeruginosa strains, the best compounds of this series showed activity on the order of carbenicillin.
Identification Schemes for Metal–Organic Frameworks To Enable Rapid Search and Cheminformatics Analysis (2019)

The modular nature of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) leads to a very large number of possible structures. High-throughput computational screening has led to a rapid increase in property data that has enabled several potential applications for MOFs, including gas storage, separations, catalysis, and other fields. Despite their rich chemistry, MOFs are typically named using an ad hoc approach, which can impede their searchability and the discovery of broad insights. In this article, we develop two systematic MOF identifiers, coined MOFid and MOFkey, and algorithms for deconstructing MOFs into their building blocks and underlying topological network. We review existing cheminformatics formats for small molecules and address the challenges of adapting them to periodic crystal structures. Our algorithms are distributed as open-source software, and we apply them here to extract insights from several MOF databases. Through the process of designing MOFid and MOFkey, we provide a perspective on opportunities for the community to facilitate data reuse, improve searchability, and rapidly apply cheminformatics analyses.
Near-infrared thermo-optical response of the localized reflectance of intact diabetic and nondiabetic human skin (2003)

We observed a difference in the thermal response of localized reflectance signal of human skin between type 2 diabetics and nondiabetics. We investigated the use of this thermo-optical behavior as the basis for a noninvasive method for the determination of the diabetic status of a subject. We used a two-site temperature differential method, which is predicated upon the measurement of localized reflectance from two areas on the surface of the skin. Each of these areas is subjected to a different thermal perturbation. The response of localized reflectance to temperature perturbation was measured and used in a classification algorithm. We used a discriminant function to classify subjects as diabetic or nondiabetic. In a prediction set of twenty-four noninvasive tests collected from six diabetic and six nondiabetic subjects, the sensitivity ranged between 73 and 100%, and the specificity ranged between 75 and 100%, depending on the thermal conditions and the probe-skin contact time. The difference in the thermo-optical response of the skin of the two groups is explained in terms of a difference in the response of cutaneous microcirculation, which is manifested as a difference in the near-infrared light absorption. Another factor is the difference in the temperature response of the scattering coefficient between the two groups, which may be caused by cutaneous structural differences induced by nonenzymatic glycation of skin protein fibers, and possibly by the difference in blood cell aggregation.
The CNS-specific hyaluronan-binding protein BEHAB is expressed in ventricular zones coincident with gliogenesis (1995)

Hyaluronan (HA) is a ubiquitous component of extracellular matrices, and in several systems it plays a central role in regulating cellular proliferation and differentiation. Cell, or tissue,-specific functions of HA are likely to be mediated by cell, or tissue,-specific HA-binding proteins. We previously hyaluronan-binding protein from rat and cat (Jaworski et al., 1994). In view of the potential role of HA in neural differentiation, we examined the expression of BEHAB during late embryonic and early postnatal development of the rat. BEHAB is expressed at very high levels in ventricular zones throughout the neuraxis. Expression is first detected at embryonic day 15 (E15) in the spinal cord, and is detected at progressively more rostral levels at later ages. BEHAB expression, like other features of neural development, follows both caudal-to-rostral and ventral-to-dorsal gradients. The timing of BEHAB expression parallels the timing of the generation of glial cells. In all areas of the CNS examined, BEHAB expression begins after the peak of neurogenesis and coincident with gliogenesis. The regulation of proliferation and differentiation by HA in other tissues, together with the expression of BEHAB in zones of mitotic activity coincident with the generation of glia, suggests that the extracellular matrix protein encoded by BEHAB could play a role in the generation or differentiation of CNS glia.
PIK3CA mutations in vascular malformations (2019)

Oncogenic mutations on PIK3CA causing lymphatic malformations and venous malformations are also frequently found in epithelial cancer. Thus, fundamental research done in the cancer field during the past decades might be applied to the understanding of lymphatic malformations and venous malformations. Likewise, repurposing PI3K pathway inhibitors that are currently in cancer clinical trials can be used as a novel strategy for the treatment of these diseases. Here, we also open a debate for the consideration of lymphatic malformations and venous malformations as developmental tumours.
X-ray co-crystal structure of compound 20 with Mcl-1 (2019)

Overexpression of the antiapoptotic protein Mcl-1 provides a survival advantage to some cancer cells, making inhibition of this protein an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of certain types of tumors. Herein, we report our efforts toward the identification of a novel series of macrocyclic Mcl-1 inhibitors featuring an α-hydroxy phenylacetic acid pharmacophore or bioisostere. This work led to the discovery of <b>1</b>, a potent Mcl-1 inhibitor (IC<sub>50</sub> = 19 nM in an OPM-2 cell viability assay) with good pharmacokinetic properties and excellent in vivo efficacy in an OPM-2 multiple myeloma xenograft model.
Ancillary services provided from wind power plant augmented with energy storage (2013)

This paper presents a scheme to augment a wind power plant with energy storage and apply combined controls for provision of frequency support, inertial response and power oscillation damping. Practical experience from a power plant configured with 12MW wind generation and 1.6MW energy storage is discussed, including sample results from tests of the ancillary services functionality.
A multimodal RAGE-specific inhibitor reduces amyloid β–mediated brain disorder in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease (2012)

In Alzheimer disease (AD), amyloid β peptide (Aβ) accumulates in plaques in the brain. Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) mediates Aβ-induced perturbations in cerebral vessels, neurons, and microglia in AD. Here, we identified a high-affinity RAGE-specific inhibitor (FPS-ZM1) that blocked Aβ binding to the V domain of RAGE and inhibited Aβ40- and Aβ42-induced cellular stress in RAGE-expressing cells in vitro and in the mouse brain in vivo. FPS-ZM1 was nontoxic to mice and readily crossed the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In aged APPsw/0 mice overexpressing human Aβ-precursor protein, a transgenic mouse model of AD with established Aβ pathology, FPS-ZM1 inhibited RAGE-mediated influx of circulating Aβ40 and Aβ42 into the brain. In brain, FPS-ZM1 bound exclusively to RAGE, which inhibited β-secretase activity and Aβ production and suppressed microglia activation and the neuroinflammatory response. Blockade of RAGE actions at the BBB and in the brain reduced Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels in brain markedly and normalized cognitive performance and cerebral blood flow responses in aged APPsw/0 mice. Our data suggest that FPS-ZM1 is a potent multimodal RAGE blocker that effectively controls progression of Aβ-mediated brain disorder and that it may have the potential to be a disease-modifying agent for AD.
A Novel Humanised ROR1 Bi-Specific T-Cell Engager Molecule for the Treatment of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia (2016)

Abstract Bispecific T-cell Engagers (BiTEs) are a promising immunotherapeutic approach, usually consisting of two single chain variable fragments (scFv) linked in tandem. One arm binds to tumour-associated antigens, whilst the other binds CD3 on T-cells, facilitating the formation of cytotoxic synapses leading to killing of tumour targets in a MHC and co-stimulatory molecule independent manner. Blinatumomab, the most advanced BiTE in clinic targets CD19 and has shown impressive results in patients with relapsed/refractory B cell acute lymphoid leukaemia but results in elimination of normal and malignant B lymphocytes. Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Like Orphan receptor is a surface antigen expressed on a range of haematological and solid malignancies, including Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia (CLL), Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL), and cancer stem cell-like cells (CSC). It is however expressed at low or undetectable levels in normal tissues making it an attractive target for immunotherapy approaches. We generated a panel of novel fully humanised ROR1 antibodies and selected an optimal scFv based on ROR1 binding to use in our BiTE format. Our ROR1 BiTE (ROR1xCD3), at low concentrations, was efficient inducing T-cell mediated cytotoxicity and consequent inflammatory cytokine secretion against a panel of haematopoietic cell lines with constitutive ROR1 expression in vitro. Importantly cytotoxicity was comparable to that seen with a control CD19 BITE. Moreover, ROR1xCD3 led to significant and selective cytotoxicity of primary CLL samples. We transitioned our in vitro studies to animal models and showed that our ROR1xCD3 is able to retard growth of established SKW cells engrafted in immunocompromised mice, as detected by bioluminescence imaging. Additionally ROR1xCD3 improved survival, with the ROR1xCD3 treated cohort showing improved median survival of 50 days compared to control mice of 18 days despite only receiving a single infusion of T-cells. In summary, we have developed a novel ROR1 BiTE able to target an array of haematopoietic malignancies. Our ROR1 BiTE induces T-cell cytotoxicity against ROR1 positive cell lines in vitro and in vivo as well as primary CLL cells and has the potential to be a beneficial therapeutic for CLL. Disclosures Gohil: UCL Business: Patents & Royalties: ROR1 based immunotherapies. Paredes-Moscosso:UCL Business: Patents & Royalties: ROR1 based immunotherapies. Nathwani:UCL Business: Patents & Royalties: ROR1 based Immunotherapies. Della Peruta:UCL Business: Patents & Royalties: ROR1 based immunotherapies.
Focused Ion Beams in Microelectronic Fabrication (1983)

For more than 20 years the designers and fabricators of integrated circuits and microstructure devices have strived toward smaller features as a means of achieving higher packing density, better performance, and lower cost. The new field of microlithography has emerged as a result of these pressures. The results of these efforts are a wide array of advanced development and production techniques using photooptics, electrons, and X-rays as energy sources for pattern generation and replication. Over the past 3-4 years a new technique, focused ion beam lithography, has emerged as a challenger to these lithography tools for very large-scale integration (VLSI) research and production applications. A number of significant advantages exist when using focused beams in microelectronic fabrication that are not available in the technologies mentioned above. For example, the focused ion beam (FIB) may allow manufacturers to eliminate many of the process steps associated wish conventionai implantation since FIB implants can be performed without lithography and chemical processes. Special implant steps can also be done that are neither practical nor even possible with conventional photomasking techniques.
Plasma Resistant Modified I-Line, (1995)

This paper presents chemically modified photoresists for use as plasma etch masks over various substrates during patterning in IC manufacturing with sub-0.5 pm resolution. The modification consists of directly adding the modifying compounds into the photoresist solutions. The added compounds increase the oxygen, fluorine, and chlorine plasma resistance of photoresists, thus promoting a high etch rate selectivity with respect to other substrates and films (e.g., polyimide, SiO2, etc.).
Learning to Detect Opinion Snippet for Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis (2019)

Aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) is to predict the sentiment polarity towards a particular aspect in a sentence. Recently, this task has been widely addressed by the neural attention mechanism, which computes attention weights to softly select words for generating aspect-specific sentence representations. The attention is expected to concentrate on opinion words for accurate sentiment prediction. However, attention is prone to be distracted by noisy or misleading words, or opinion words from other aspects. In this paper, we propose an alternative hard-selection approach, which determines the start and end positions of the opinion snippet, and selects the words between these two positions for sentiment prediction. Specifically, we learn deep associations between the sentence and aspect, and the long-term dependencies within the sentence by leveraging the pre-trained BERT model. We further detect the opinion snippet by selfcritical reinforcement learning. Especially, experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method and prove that our hardselection approach outperforms soft-selection approaches when handling multi-aspect sentences.
Mapping specific protein-protein interactions within the core component of the breast cell DNA synthesome. (1997)

We have previously described the isolation and characterization of an intact multiprotein complex for DNA replication, designated the DNA synthesome, from human breast cancer cells and biopsied human breast tumor tissue. The purified DNA synthesome was observed to fully support DNA replication in vitro. We had also proposed a model for the breast cell DNA synthesome, in which DNA polymerases alpha, delta, and epsilon, DNA primase, and replication factor C (RF-C) represent members of the core component, or tightly associated, proteins of the complex. This model was based on the observed fractionation, chromatographic, and sedimentation profiles for these proteins. We report here that poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) and DNA ligase 1 are also members of the breast cell DNA synthesome core component. More importantly, in this report we present the results of coimmunoprecipitation studies that were designed to map the protein-protein interactions between several members of the core component of the DNA synthesome. Consistent with our proposed model for the breast cell DNA synthesome, our data indicate that DNA polymerases alpha and delta, DNA primase, RF-C, as well as proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), tightly associate with each other in the complex, whereas DNA polymerase epsilon, PARP, and several other components were found to interact with the synthesome via a direct contact with only PCNA or DNA polymerase alpha. The association of PARP with the synthesome core suggests that this protein may serve a regulatory function in the complex. Also, the coimmunoprecipitation studies suggest that the three DNA polymerases alpha, delta, and epsilon all participate in the replication of breast cell DNA. To our knowledge this is the first report ever to describe the close physical association of polypeptides constituting the intact human breast cell DNA replication apparatus.