gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Total Synthesis of Δ<sup>12</sup>‐Prostaglandin J<sub>3</sub>: Evolution of Synthetic Strategies to a Streamlined Process (2016)

The total synthesis of Δ(12) -prostaglandin J3 (Δ(12) -PGJ3 , 1), a reported leukemia stem cell ablator, through a number of strategies and tactics is described. The signature cross-conjugated dienone structural motif of 1 was forged by an aldol reaction/dehydration sequence from key building blocks enone 13 and aldehyde 14, whose lone stereocenters were generated by an asymmetric Tsuji-Trost reaction and an asymmetric Mukaiyama aldol reaction, respectively. During this program, a substituent-governed regioselectivity pattern for the Rh-catalyzed C-H functionalization of cyclopentenes and related olefins was discovered. The evolution of the synthesis of 1 from the original strategy to the final streamlined process proceeded through improvements in the construction of both fragments 13 and 14, exploration of the chemistry of the hitherto underutilized chiral lactone synthon 57, and a diastereoselective alkylation of a cyclopentenone intermediate. The described chemistry sets the stage for large-scale production of Δ(12) -PGJ3 and designed analogues for further biological and pharmacological studies.
TV Commercial Detection in News Program Videos (2005)

Detection of the commercials in TV videos is hard because the diversity of them puts up a rather high barrier to finding an appropriate model. After some studies of existing commercial detection works, we try to deal with this problem through a top-down approach. We select some commercial features by conjecturing the thoughts of both commercial producers and the audiences. By combining the commercial features with a video scene detection mechanism, a two-level commercial detection scheme is proposed. Experiments show the good results of the proposed scheme in detecting commercials in news program videos.
Architectural performance verification: PowerPC processors (2002)

We consider the problem of validating a functional (architectural) timing model coded to predict instructions-per-cycle (IPC) performance for an advanced superscalar processor family. We present a methodology based on loop test cases for validating such models. For the purpose of this paper, we focus on two key strategies within our overall validation methodology: transient mode testing; and steady-state parametric testing. We state a few key lemmas characterizing the underlying theory and present a set of experimental results to illustrate the use of these validation strategies.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between arts engagement, loneliness, and social support in adolescence (2021)

Objective Although arts engagement holds promise for reducing loneliness and enhancing social support, previous research has focussed on older adults. We investigated whether arts engagement was associated with loneliness and social support during adolescence.Method We included 11,060 adolescents aged 11-21 years from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. The number of school-based arts activities engaged in (band, book club, chorus/choir, cheerleading/dance, drama club, newspaper, orchestra) was measured at wave one (1994-1995) and loneliness and perceived social support were measured at waves one and two (1996). We used logistic and linear regression to test whether engagement was associated with concurrent and subsequent loneliness and social support.Results Arts engagement was not associated with concurrent or subsequent loneliness. In contrast, each additional arts activity engaged in was associated with an increase of 0.20 points in social support, concurrently (coef=0.20, 95% CI=0.02-0.38, p=0.03) and longitudinally (coef=0.20, 95% CI=0.02-0.38, p=0.03), independent of confounders. However, evidence for the longitudinal association was attenuated after adjusting for previous social support (coef=0.08, 95% CI=-0.07-0.23, p=0.30). This was likely due to the consistency of social support scores between waves one and two.Conclusion Extracurricular arts activities are associated with higher social support, which may be because they provide opportunities for social engagement, developing friendships, and building a sense of community. However, given the lack of association with changes in social support over time, exploring these associations in more detail should be a priority, enabling better understanding of this strategy for enhancing social ties during adolescence.
Using data mining techniques on Web access logs to dynamically improve hypertext structure (1999)

With the growing popularity of the World Wide Web (Web), large volumes of data such as user address or URL requested are gathered automatically by Web servers and collected in access log files. Discovering relationships and global patterns that exist in such files can provide significant and useful information for performance enhancement, restructuring a Web site for increased effectiveness, and customer targeting in electronic commerce. In this paper, we propose an integrated system (WebTool) for applying data mining techniques such as association rules or sequential patterns on access log files. Once interesting patterns are discovered, we illustrate how they can be used to customize the server hypertext organization dynamically.
Global Localization with Object-Level Semantics and Topology (2019)

Global localization lies at the heart of autonomous navigation and Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM). The appearance-based approach has been successful, but still faces many open challenges in environments where visual conditions vary significantly over time. In this paper, we propose an integrated solution to leverage object-level dense semantics and spatial understanding of the environment for global localization. Our approach models an environment with 3D dense semantics, semantic graph and their topology. This object-level representation is then used for place recognition via semantic object association, followed by 6-DoF pose estimation by the semantic-level point alignment. Extensive experiments show that our approach can achieve robust global localization under extreme appearance changes. It is also capable of coping with other challenging scenarios, such as dynamic environments and incomplete query observations.
Reciprocal In Vivo Regulation of Myocardial G Protein–Coupled Receptor Kinase Expression by β-Adrenergic Receptor Stimulation and Blockade (1998)

This report demonstrates, for the first time, that betaAR stimulation can significantly increase the expression of betaARK1 , whereas beta-blockade decreases expression. This reciprocal regulation of betaARK1 documents a novel mechanism of ligand-induced betaAR regulation and provides important insights into the potential mechanisms responsible for the effectiveness of beta-blockers, such as carvedilol, in the treatment of heart failure.
Averaging polarograph with digital output (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAveraging polarograph with digital outputBasil H. VassosCite this: Anal. Chem. 1973, 45, 7, 1292–1295Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60329a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60329a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views17Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Resolution of the Early Placental Mammal Radiation Using Bayesian Phylogenetics (2001)

Molecular phylogenetic studies have resolved placental mammals into four major groups, but have not established the full hierarchy of interordinal relationships, including the position of the root. The latter is critical for understanding the early biogeographic history of placentals. We investigated placental phylogeny using Bayesian and maximum-likelihood methods and a 16.4-kilobase molecular data set. Interordinal relationships are almost entirely resolved. The basal split is between Afrotheria and other placentals, at about 103 million years, and may be accounted for by the separation of South America and Africa in the Cretaceous. Crown-group Eutheria may have their most recent common ancestry in the Southern Hemisphere (Gondwana).
Unproductively spliced ribosomal protein mRNAs are natural targets of mRNA surveillance in <i>C. elegans</i> (2000)

Messenger RNA surveillance, the selective and rapid degradation of mRNAs containing premature stop codons, occurs in all eukaryotes tested. The biological role of this decay pathway, however, is not well understood. To identify natural substrates of mRNA surveillance, we used a cDNA-based representational difference analysis to identify mRNAs whose abundance increases in Caenorhabditis elegans smg(−) mutants, which are deficient for mRNA surveillance. Alternatively spliced mRNAs of genes encoding ribosomal proteins L3, L7a, L10a, and L12 are abundant natural targets of mRNA surveillance. Each of these genes expresses two distinct mRNAs. A productively spliced mRNA, whose abundance does not change in smg(−) mutants, encodes a normal, full-length, ribosomal protein. An unproductively spliced mRNA, whose abundance increases dramatically in smg(−) mutants, contains premature stop codons because of incomplete removal of an alternatively spliced intron. In transgenic animals expressing elevated quantities of RPL-12, a greater proportion of endogenous rpl-12 transcript is spliced unproductively. Thus, RPL-12 appears to autoregulate its own splicing, with unproductively spliced mRNAs being degraded by mRNA surveillance. We demonstrate further that alternative splicing of rpl introns is conserved among widely diverged nematodes. Our results suggest that one important role of mRNA surveillance is to eliminate unproductive by-products of gene regulation.
Novel RRAM programming technology for instant-on and high-security FPGAs (2011)

This paper introduces a novel RRAM programming technology to improve the security and shorten the startup time of FPGAs. A 9T2R nonvolatile SRAM (nvSRAM) cell is comprised of two 1T1R RRAM cells and a standard 6T SRAM cell on a single die by integrating the RRAM technology into the standard logic process. The 9T2R cell stores the configuration bit in the two 1T1R cells in complementary style and can quicky read it into the SRAM cell in less than 300 ps at power-on. Besides, the proposed RRAM programming technology excels SRAM in dynamic reconfiguration for less interrupt time or small area overhead. A testchip of a 2-input LUT with the proposed RRAM programming technology has been demonstated in 0.13µm logic technology.
Stochastic <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>-Bits for Invertible Logic (2017)

Digital electronics are based on deterministic units called bits that can have one of two values, 0 and 1. New theoretical work suggests that circuits built out of probabilistic units that fluctuate randomly in value between 0 and 1 can be used to perform multiple functions: A multiplier, for example, can also function as a factorizer.
A hyperbranched dopamine-containing PEG-based polymer for the inhibition of α-synuclein fibrillation (2015)

Aggregation of α-synuclein is believed to play an important role in Parkinson's disease and in other neurodegenerative maladies. Small molecule inhibitors of this process are among the most promising drug candidates for neurodegenerative diseases. Dendrimers have also been studied for anti-fibrillation applications but they can be difficult and expensive to synthetize. Here we show that RAFT polymerization can be used to produce a hyperbranched polyethylene glycol structure via a one-pot reaction. This polymer included a dopamine moiety, a known inhibitor of α-synuclein fibril formation. Dopamine within the polymer structure was capable of aggregation inhibition, although not to the same degree as free dopamine. This result opens up new avenues for the use of controlled radical polymerizations as a means of preparing hyperbranched polymers for anti-fibrillation activity, but shows that the incorporation of functional groups from known small molecules within polymers may alter their biological activity.
Controllable Artistic Text Style Transfer via Shape-Matching GAN (2019)

Artistic text style transfer is the task of migrating the style from a source image to the target text to create artistic typography. Recent style transfer methods have considered texture control to enhance usability. However, controlling the stylistic degree in terms of shape deformation remains an important open challenge. In this paper, we present the first text style transfer network that allows for real-time control of the crucial stylistic degree of the glyph through an adjustable parameter. Our key contribution is a novel bidirectional shape matching framework to establish an effective glyph-style mapping at various deformation levels without paired ground truth. Based on this idea, we propose a scale-controllable module to empower a single network to continuously characterize the multi-scale shape features of the style image and transfer these features to the target text. The proposed method demonstrates its superiority over previous state-of-the-arts in generating diverse, controllable and high-quality stylized text.
3D contour based local manual correction of tumor segmentations in CT scans (2009)

Segmentation is an essential task in medical image analysis. For example measuring tumor growth in consecutive CT scans based on the volume of the tumor requires a good segmentation. Since manual segmentation takes too much time in clinical routine automatic segmentation algorithms are typically used. However there are always cases where an automatic segmentation fails to provide an acceptable segmentation for example due to low contrast, noise or structures of the same density lying close to the lesion. These erroneous segmentation masks need to be manually corrected. We present a novel method for fast three-dimensional local manual correction of segmentation masks. The user needs to draw only one partial contour which describes the lesion's actual border. This two-dimensional interaction is then transferred into 3D using a live-wire based extrapolation of the contour that is given by the user in one slice. Seed points calculated from this contour are moved to adjacent slices by a block matching algorithm. The seed points are then connected by a live-wire algorithm which ensures a segmentation that passes along the border of the lesion. After this extrapolation a morphological postprocessing is performed to generate a coherent and smooth surface corresponding to the user drawn contour as well as to the initial segmentation. An evaluation on 108 lesions by six radiologists has shown that our method is both intuitive and fast. Using our method the radiologists were able to correct 96.3% of lesion segmentations rated as insufficient to acceptable ones in a median time of 44s.
Three new long-acting converting-enzyme inhibitors: Relationship between plasma converting-enzyme activity and response to angiotensin I (1981)

Three new angiotensin converting-enzyme inhibitors were given orally to 20 men in single doses ranging from 1.25 to 40 mg. Two of them induced comparable marked inhibition of both the blood pressure response to exogenous angiotensin I and plasma converting-enzyme activity. Onset of action was relatively slow, but 21 to 24 hr after drug plasma converting-enzyme activity was still clearly reduced. The third was less active. There was a close correlation between blood pressure response on administration of angiotensin I and plasma converting-enzyme activity. There were no adverse effects. These new drugs are interesting because of their long duration of action. The measurement of plasma converting-enzyme activity seems useful for monitoring efficacy of converting-enzyme blockade and compliance to therapy.
Advanced 3D Monolithic hybrid CMOS with Sub-50 nm gate inverters featuring replacement metal gate (RMG)-InGaAs nFETs on SiGe-OI Fin pFETs (2015)

We demonstrate, for the first time, scaled hybrid inverters built in a 3D Monolithic (3DM) CMOS process featuring short-channel replacement metal gate (RMG) InGaAs-OI wide-fin/planar nFET top layer and SiGe-OI fin pFET bottom layer. We achieve state-of-the-art device integration, using raised source drain (RSD) on both levels and silicide on bottom pFETs. Bottom SiGe-OI pFETs are scaled down to sub-20 nm gate length (L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> ) using a gate first (GF) flow, and top InGaAs nFETs scaled down to sub-50 nm L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> are fabricated using a RMG process. With an optimized thermal budget for the top InGaAs nFETs, we show that the 3D integration scheme does not degrade the performance of the bottom SiGe-OI pFETs. Finally, we demonstrate well-behaved integrated inverters with sub-50 nm L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> down to V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> = 0.25 V.
Involvement of the INK4a/Arf gene locus in senescence (2003)

The INK4a/ARF locus encodes two proteins whose expression limits cellular proliferation. Whilst the biochemical activities of the two proteins appear very different, they both converge on regulating the retinoblastoma and p53 tumour suppressor pathways. Neither protein is required for normal development, but lack of either predisposes to the development of malignancy. Both proteins have also been implicated in the establishment of senescence states in response to a variety of stresses, signalling imbalances and telomere shortening. The INK4a/Arf regulatory circuits appear to be partially redundant and show evidence of rapid evolution. Especially intriguing are the large number of biological differences documented between mice and man. We review here the brief history of INK4a/Arf and explore possible links with organismal aging and the evolution of longevity.
EFFECT OF SOLUTION TEMPERATURE ON ELECTROACTIVITY OF POLYPYRROLE USING CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY TECHNIQUE (2004)

and unique electroactivity properties (e.g., sensor) may demand possessing high thermal stability in solutions. So, thermal stability of electroactivity of polypyrrole conducting electroactive polymers (CEP) is very important. In this research, in order to investigate the thermal stability of the electroactivity in solutions, a series of polypyrrole (PPy) films doped with different dopants coated on glassy carbon electrodes were prepared electrochemically. Electroactivity stability of polymers in different solution temperatures was then investigated using cyclic voltammetry(CV) technique. It was found that the electroactivity of PPy is strongly dependent on the kind of counterion. PPy/PTS was found to be more thermally stable in aqueous solution than PPy films doped with other inorganic ions such as chlorides. Chemically, electrochemically stable as well as large size counterions (dopants) show higher stability at elevated solution temperatures. The nature of counterion, the preparation conditions (physical, chemical and electrochemical) and the nature of supporting electrolytes in which the polymer is switched, not only affect electroactivity of PPy films but also affect the thermal stability of these polymers in aqueous solutions. Effect of Solution Temperature on Electroactivity of Polypyrrole Using Cyclic Voltammetry Technique
Geelong - a great place to play (2012)

The City of Greater Geelong has in excess of 17,000ha of open space equating to 466 parks. These numbers are set to increase with population growth over the next 10 years predicted in excess of 100,000 people in the identified growth areas of Armstrong Creek, Fyansford, Highton, Lara, Leopold and Clifton Springs. There are currently 276 public play spaces managed by the City of Greater Geelong and an additional 62 centre-based playgrounds across 51 facilities owned by Council. There are a further 124 centre-based playground facilities which are provided by other organisations in locations such as primary schools, childcare centres, kindergartens and indoor commercial play centres.
Fabrication and optical design of a pyramid microstructure for the base of a light guide used in backlight module (2010)

We propose a recessed pyramid microstructure (PYM) to be used on the base of the light guide as micro-optical components to replace the conventional diffuser dot made by direct etching on the steel stamper. The PYM is made by microelectromechanical systems technology, which uses a silicon wafer for the original PYM mold, which is replicated on a Ni micromold using the electroforming method. An effective optical design tool is used to find the optimal PYM distribution integrating the random microstructure generation scheme based on the molecular dynamics method into optical commercial software. The scanning electron microscopy images show intact PYMs can be produced on the Si micromold and then replicated fully on the Ni micromold by the electroforming process. An intact PYM on the base of the light guide can then be produced by injection molding, completing the transformation of the Ni micromold for use in the light guide. The luminance measurement of a 2.4-in. backlight module with four LEDs shows an average luminance of 4769 nit with 86.3% uniformity for the PYM on the base of light guide, 10% higher than that of the diffuser dot microstructure.
Precipitation regime for selected amino acid salts for CO2 capture from flue gases (2009)

The tendency of alkaline (sodium, potassium and lithium) salts of taurine, β-alanine, sarcosine and L-proline to form precipitates under varying operational conditions of CO2 absorption has been investigated. CO2 absorption experiments have been performed at 293.15 and 313.15 K, at partial pressures relevant for capturing CO2 from flue gas conditions and amino acid salt concentrations up to the saturation concentration. In addition to this ‘window of operation’ for the (non-) precipitation regime, the identity of precipitates formed was revealed and relevant properties like density of the saturated aqueous amino acid salt solutions at 293.15 K have been determined.