gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Common-focus point-based target-oriented imaging approach for continuous seismic reservoir monitoring (2018)

The ideal approach for continuous reservoir monitoring allows generation of fast and accurate images to cope with the massive data sets acquired for such a task. Conventionally, rigorous depth-oriented velocity-estimation methods are performed to produce sufficiently accurate velocity models. Unlike the traditional way, the target-oriented imaging technology based on the common-focus point (CFP) theory can be an alternative for continuous reservoir monitoring. The solution is based on a robust data-driven iterative operator updating strategy without deriving a detailed velocity model. The same focusing operator is applied on successive 3D seismic data sets for the first time to generate efficient and accurate 4D target-oriented seismic stacked images from time-lapse field seismic data sets acquired in a [Formula: see text] injection project in Saudi Arabia. Using the focusing operator, target-oriented prestack angle domain common-image gathers (ADCIGs) could be derived to perform amplitude-versus-angle analysis. To preserve the amplitude information in the ADCIGs, an amplitude-balancing factor is applied by embedding a synthetic data set using the real acquisition geometry to remove the geometry imprint artifact. Applying the CFP-based target-oriented imaging to time-lapse data sets revealed changes at the reservoir level in the poststack and prestack time-lapse signals, which is consistent with the [Formula: see text] injection history and rock physics.
Can inactivators of plasminogen activator inhibitor alleviate the burden of obesity and diabetes? (Review) (2011)

Obesity and diabetes once considered 'rich man's diseases' are one of the biggest public health challenges of the 21st century. Obesity being a gateway to diabetes is a global problem. The supporting statistics are alarming since diabetes is reaching pandemic proportion all over the world. Eighty percent of all patients with diabetes live in developing countries. In this review we describe the role of plasminogen activator inhibitor type one (PAI-1) in the pathology of obesity and diabetes and its potential to be a target in therapy. PAI-1 is the fast acting and specific inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase (uPA), the activators of plasminogen and consequently of fibrinolysis. In obesity and diabetes it has been linked to the increased incidence of thrombosis. However, PAI-1 is also involved in the regulation of other proteins engaged in hemostasis. These molecules include transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), angiotensin II and interleukin 6 (IL-6), all of which up-regulate PAI-1 in various cell types or can be up-regulated by PAI-1. Thus, PAI-1 plays a critical role in the insulin resistance syndrome, which leads to type 2 diabetes mellitus, and is associated with its side effects such as an increased risk of diabetic nephropathy, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and others. Thus inactivating of PAI-1 or increasing its clearance can alleviate the burden of obesity and diabetes.
Cystic Diseases of the Kidney: Role of Adhesion Molecules in Normal and Abnormal Tubulogenesis (1999)

This short review summarizes some information concerning what is known about matrix adhesion molecules, focal adhesion proteins, and cell-cell adhesion molecules in normal renal development and cystic diseases of the kidney. The focus is on human nephrogenesis and disease, but utilizes critical information gained from genetically manipulated mouse models. Interestingly, a significant role for the human PKD-1-encoded gene product, polycystin-1, has been found in cell-matrix interactions via integrins during development, and mutations lead to autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Recent studies on human ADPKD have implicated polycystin-1 in the formation of multiprotein complexes containing focal adhesion proteins at the basal cell surface of the normal ureteric bud. Further evidence of a critical role of cell-matrix interactions via focal adhesion complex formation is provided by the development of renal cystic disease in tensin knockout mice.
Nicotine psychopharmacology in man (1994)

The present within-subjects, crossover study was designed to assess the short-term effects of several nicotine replacement strategies. After completing a 2 day smoking baseline, 18 (7 M, 11 F) smokers(≥ 20 cpd) went through the following conditions, each for two full days, in randomized order: a)nicotine chewing gum; b) 24 hour nicotine patch; c) 16 hour nicotine patch; d) two 24 hour nicotine patches; e) 24 hour nicotine patch plus nicotine gum; f) no medication. Only conditions b, c, d, and f will be compared here. Subjects provided self-report and objective data on 5 occasions during each 2 day period (7–8 AM &5–6 PM), and smoked ad lib for the 5 days between conditions. Between group comparisons of abnormal dreams found (at AM visit): 24 hour patch double & 24 hour patch > baseline. Between group comparisons of interrupted sleep found (at AM visit): double 24 hour patch > baseline. Between group comparisons of difficulty getting to sleep found (at AM visit): double 24 hour patch > baseline & 16 hour patch. Saliva nicotine and cotinine values will be presented. These results suggest that use of a double strength nicotine patch can have significant effects on sleep. While some subjects on 24 hour patch reported sleep disturbances, there was no significant difference between 16 & 24 patch use on self-reported sleep disturbances.
DEVELOPMENT OF A WATER-CEMENT RATIO METER. FINAL REPORT - PHASE II (1994)

The objective of this project was to develop a water-cement ratio measurement meter for easy, rapid and reliable use in the field. The goal was that the equipment be portable, easy to use, low cost and low maintenance, and be able to provide consistent and accurate results. A prototype device has been developed to measure the water-cement ratio of a plastic concrete mix. The method is based on the turbidity of water-cement slurry separated from a concrete mixture by pressure sieving. Consistent results were obtained for both air entrained and non-air entrained concrete. Statistical analyses of the test results have shown that the Kansas Water-Cement Ratio Meter can measure the water-cement ratio of fresh concrete with an accuracy of +/-0.01 with 90% confidence. The test time is less than 10 minutes which includes cleaning the equipment. Further evaluation with admixtures, and under field conditions are planned.
Enhanced Cross-Axis Rejection Capacitive Strain Gauge (2007)

A novel bending plate capacitive strain gauge is designed, fabricated, and tested to measure strain in the range of 1 to 1000 με. This silicon-based strain sensor uses a unique structural design to increase the on-axis gain through the use of a bending beam structure while attenuating signals due to cross-axis strain. A differential capacitive measurement is used to improve the output, reduce the parasitic capacitance, and eliminate the capacitance measurement error due to temperature. The device is fabricated using silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology. Experimental results exhibit an on-axis sensitivity of 50 aF/με and attenuation of the cross-axis sensitivity to shear strain to less than 10 percent of the applied shear strain. A detailed mechanical analysis of the suspension and deflection-amplifying bent-beam capacitor will be presented. Furthermore, the capacitive plate analytical model is compared to finite element simulations and verified with experimental results. In addition, a noise assessment of the device shows the electronics noise dominates the Brownian noise.
A flexible framework for implementing software transactional memory (2006)

We describe DSTM2, a Java™ software library that provides a flexible framework for implementing object-based software transactional memory (STM). The library uses transactional factories to transform sequential (unsynchronized) classes into atomic (transactionally synchronized) ones, providing a substantial improvement over the awkward programming interface of our previous DSTM library. Furthermore, researchers can experiment with alternative STM mechanisms by providing their own factories. We demonstrate this flexibility by presenting two factories: one that uses essentially the same mechanisms as the original DSTM (with some enhancements),and another that uses a completely different approach.Because DSTM2 is packaged as a Java library, a wide range of programmers can easily try it out, and the community can begin to gain experience with transactional programming. Furthermore, researchers will be able to use the body of transactional programs that arises from this community experience to test and evaluate different STM mechanisms simply by supplying new transactional factories. We believe that this flexible approach will help to build consensus about the best ways to implement transactions, and will avoid the premature "lock-in" that may arise if STM mechanisms are baked into compilers before such experimentation is done.
Vaccination against the cat flea <i>Ctenocephalides felis felis</i> (1994)

Non-chemical control of haematophagous parasites is a desirable goal. We report here on the use of concealed antigens from the major digestive organ of the cat-flea as vaccine components. Rabbits were immunized with various antigens from cat flea midguts, and immunoglobulin from these rabbits was fed to cat fleas in an artificial feeding system. Antibody produced against soluble antigens from the midguts of fed fleas was able to kill fleas in this system. Dogs were then immunized with various antigen preparations, and challenged for a week with live fleas. Significantly fewer live fleas were recovered from dogs immunized with fed midgut supernatant, and recovered live female fleas produced significantly fewer eggs. This study indicates the possibility of vaccination as a means of control of flea, and possibly other blood sucking insect populations.
DC link current control of cascaded current source converter based offshore wind farms (2011)

A new interconnecting approach for an offshore wind farm is used, where same number of cascaded pulse width modulated (PWM) current source converters (CSCs) are used on both generator and grid side. This paper presents a novel control scheme which enables maximum power acquisition from the wind for every wind turbines in the wind farm and aggregate power is equally shared by the grid side CSCs with independent active and reactive power control. The individual generators be controlled for power tracking in a way similar to that used when they are connected directly to an ac grid. Because of the variability of wind speeds due to the different locations of the wind turbines in wind farm, each unit has different dc link current requirement depends on its generated power. The reduced dc link current is generated in a way to meet the minimum dc link requirements from all the CSCs in the wind farm. The simulation results are provided to verify the proposed control scheme.
Design of an Improved Turbine Rim-Seal (2015)

Rim seals are fitted in gas turbines at the periphery of the wheel-space formed between rotor discs and their adjacent casings. These seals, also called platform overlap seals, reduce the ingress of hot gases which can limit the life of highly-stressed components in the engine. This paper describes the development of a new, patented rim-seal concept showing improved performance relative to a reference engine design, using URANS computations of a turbine stage at engine conditions. The CFD study was limited to a small number of purge-flow rates due to computational time and cost, and the computations were validated experimentally at a lower rotational Reynolds number and in conditions under incompressible flow. The new rim seal features a stator-side angel wing and two buffer cavities between outer and inner seals: the angel-wing promotes a counter-rotating vortex to reduce the effect of the ingress on the stator; the two buffer cavities are shown to attenuate the circumferential pressure asymmetries of the fluid ingested from the mainstream annulus. Rotor disc pumping is exploited to reduce the sealing flow rate required to prevent ingress, with the rotor boundary layer also providing protective cooling. Measurements of gas concentration and swirl ratio, determined from static and total pressure, were used to assess the performance of the new seal concept relative to a bench-mark generic seal. The radial variation of concentration through the seal was measured in the experiments and these data captured the improvements due to the intermediate buffer cavities predicted by the CFD. This successful design approach is a potent combination of insight provided by computation, and the flexibility and expedience provided by experiment.
Chimeric viruses of the insect-specific flavivirus Palm Creek with structural proteins of vertebrate-infecting flaviviruses identify barriers to replication of insect-specific flaviviruses in vertebrate cells (2019)

Here we report the generation of novel chimeric flaviviruses, which express the prM and E proteins of either dengue or Zika viruses on the genomic backbone of Palm Creek virus (PCV), an insect-specific flavivirus. The chimeric virus particles were antigenically indistinguishable from their parental prM-E donors, but were unable to infect vertebrate cells. An additional chimera (PCV structural genes in the backbone of West Nile virus - WNV/PCV-prME) was also unable to infect vertebrate cells, but transfection with RNA from this virus resulted in detectable RNA replication and translation but no infectious virion production. These data suggest multiple blocks at the entry, RNA replication and assembly/release stages of insect-specific flavivirus (ISF) infection in vertebrate cells. Serial passaging of these chimeric viruses in mosquito cells identified amino acid substitutions that may lead to increased replication efficiency. These chimeric viruses provide unique tools to further dissect the mechanisms of the host restriction of ISFs.
Dose-finding and safety study of an oncolytic polio/rhinovirus recombinant against recurrent glioblastoma. (2013)

2094 Background: Current therapies for glioblastoma are limited by ineffective delivery beyond the blood-brain barrier, limited diffusion of macromolecules, and lack of tumor specificity. Sustained direct intracerebral infusion at slow flow rates [convection-enhanced delivery (CED)] can overcome delivery barriers. PVSRIPO is the live attenuated, oral (SABIN) serotype 1 poliovirus vaccine containing a heterologous internal ribosomal entry site stemming from human rhinovirus type 2. PVSRIPO recognizes nectin-like molecule-5, an oncofetal cell adhesion molecule and tumor antigen widely expressed ectopically in malignancy. We report the results of an ongoing phase I study evaluating PVSRIPO when delivered by CED. Methods: Eligible on study are adult patients with: 1-5 cm of measurable supratentorial recurrent glioblastoma ≥1cm away from the ventricles; ≥4 weeks after chemotherapy, bevacizumab or study drug; adequate organ function; KPS ≥70%; and positive anti-poliovirus titer. PVSRIPO is delivered intratumorally by CED over 6.5 hours. PVSRIPO dose escalation is accomplished by increasing agent concentration, allowing flow-rate and infusion volume to remain constant. Two-step continual reassessment method is used for dose escalation, with one patient each treated on dose levels 1-4, and a possibility of up to 13 patients on dose level 5. Results: Thus far, a total of five patients have been treated on study. No related or unrelated grade 3 or higher adverse events have been observed. Grade 1 adverse events possibly related to the study drug or procedure include one each of fever, cough, nasal congestion, vomiting, headache, hemiparesis, and lethargy. Grade 2 adverse events include one each of diarrhea and seizure. Patient #1 had failed bevacizumab prior to enrollment and remains disease free more than 9 months post PVSRIPO. Two more patients are disease free 8+ and 2+ months post treatment, respectively. One patient had pathology confirmed disease recurrence two months post treatment and one patient came off study due to clinical decline four months post treatment. Conclusions: Infusion of PVSRIPO via CED is safe thus far and encouraging efficacy results are observed. Updated results will be presented. Clinical trial information: NCT 01491893.
Self-organized criticality in the epileptic brain (2003)

Criticality is a property of complex dynamical systems that can produce large energy release. Examples in nature of such systems are earthquakes, avalanches and volcanoes. It has been recently demonstrated that networks of integrate-and-fire neurons also exhibit such critical behavior where the system energy is related to the degree of synchronized neuronal firing. We have examined electrographic recordings from human epileptic hippocampus and demonstrate that this tissue exhibits self-organized criticality. These findings may explain energy bursting recently found to occur prior to epileptic seizures in the hippocampus and may connect them to integrate-and-fire models.
High mobility Si/SiGe strained channel MOS transistors with HfO/sub 2//TiN gate stack (2004)

We integrate a strained Si channel with HfO/sub 2/ dielectric and TiN metal gate electrode to demonstrate NMOS transistors with electron mobility better than the universal mobility curve for SiO/sub 2/, inversion equivalent oxide thickness of 1.4 nm (EOT=1 nm), and with three orders of magnitude reduction in gate leakage. To understand the physical mechanism that improves the inversion electron mobility at the HfO/sub 2//strained Si interface, we measure mobility at various temperatures and extract the various scattering components.
Derivatives of synthesis of monosaccharides for drug discovery (2004)

New compounds and methods for the preparation of combinatorial libraries of potentially biologically active compounds are based on monosaccharides of formula (I) being a derivative of a furanose or pyranose form of a monosaccharide.
Status of distributed feedback lasers (1976)

Unlike conventional lasers, which employ discrete end reflectors, distributed feedback (DFB) lasers utilize an internal periodic structure to produce feedback. These DFB lasers have several desirable attributes, including wavelength selectivity, longitudinal mode control, temperature stability, and well collimated output beams. They are well suited as sources in integrated optical devices. Following a review of GaAs:GaAlAs DFB and distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) lasers in an historical context, a grating coupled ring laser and a buried heterostructure DFB laser are described in detail.
Application of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide in Finishing Processes (1993)

An overview of a new dyeing process for dyeing synthetic fibres and fabrics is presented. The use of disperse dyes in supercritical carbon dioxide as dyeing medium completely avoids water pollution and the need of drying. Laboratory results which show that excellent levelness and fastness can be achieved on poly- (ethylene terephthalate) and other synthetic materials are presented. The technical development is described and other potential uses of supercritical fluids in the textile field are discussed.
PECVD of amorphous nickel--phosphorus films (1988)

We have developed a plasma deposition technique capable of producing amorphous transition metal-metalloid coatings. The technique consists of decomposing gas mixtures containing transition metal carbonyls and metalloid hydrides in a radiofrequency discharge. Nickel-phosphorus was chosen as a proof-of-principle film for this work. The key to obtaining amorphous metals, as opposed to amorphous metal oxides, lies in the use of a hydrogen carrier gas to remove unwanted oxygen in the form of water as a gaseous by-product. In addition it was discovered that carbon could be completely removed from these films by heating the substrates slightly above room temperatures. 1 ref.
In Vivo Validation of Simultaneous Non-Contrast Angiography and intraPlaque Hemorrhage (SNAP) Magnetic Resonance Angiography: An Intracranial Artery Study (2016)

The SNAP technique's MRA performance was optimized and compared against TOF for intracranial artery atherosclerosis imaging and was found to provide comparable stenosis detection accuracy. Along with its IPH detection capability, SNAP holds the potential to become a first-line screening tool for high risk intracranial atherosclerosis disease evaluation.
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor anti-thrombin III complexes are decreased in bladder cancer patient serum: Complex formation as a mechanism of inactivation (2009)

Mounting evidence suggests that the pro-inflammatory cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) may serve as an important link between chronic inflammation and carcinogenesis as evidenced by the increase in serum MIF found in patients with various cancers. The present study identifies anti-thrombin III (ATIII) as an endogenous MIF binding protein, which reduces MIF biological activity. Serum MIF in bladder cancer patients (TCC stage II, n=50) was increased when compared to normal patients (n=50), while ATIII-MIF complexes were decreased in bladder cancer patient serum. These data suggest that increased circulating levels of bioactive MIF are present in bladder cancer patient serum.
Rapid generation of long synthetic tandem repeats and its application for analysis in human artificial chromosome formation (2005)

Human artificial chromosomes (HACs) provide a unique opportunity to study kinetochore formation and to develop a new generation of vectors with potential in gene therapy. An investigation into the structural and the functional relationship in centromeric tandem repeats in HACs requires the ability to manipulate repeat substructure efficiently. We describe here a new method to rapidly amplify human alphoid tandem repeats of a few hundred base pairs into long DNA arrays up to 120 kb. The method includes rolling-circle amplification (RCA) of repeats in vitro and assembly of the RCA products by in vivo recombination in yeast. The synthetic arrays are competent in HAC formation when transformed into human cells. As short multimers can be easily modified before amplification, this new technique can identify repeat monomer regions critical for kinetochore seeding. The method may have more general application in elucidating the role of other tandem repeats in chromosome organization and dynamics.
Real-Time Image Processing Using A Self-Pumped Phase Conjugate Mirror (1986)

Real-time 'exclusive or' operation obtained with an interferometer using a self-pumped phase conjugate mirror is reported. Also, results of image subtraction, intensity inversion and image differentiation are shown. Methods of extending the operation to higher order differentiation and of obtaining the Laplacian are discussed.