gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Second Generation Organometallic Materials for Non-Linear Optical Application (2009)

Abstract : The primary focus of this program was to synthesize pi-conjugated oligomers that feature high cross section two-photon absorbing (TPA) chromophores combined with transition metal centers. The TPA chromophores imbue the oligomers with high cross sections for two-photon absorption, whereas the metal centers provide for efficient production of long-lifetime, strongly absorbing triplet excited states. Because of the strong absorption of the triplet excited states, the materials display reverse saturable absorption (RSA). The second generation organometallic materials provide efficient, broad wavelength and broad temporal response nonlinear absorption via a dual mode TPA/RSA mechanism.
Progress on the relationship between infant body weight and wheezing (2019)

Infancy is the peak stage of weight gain, and overweight or obesity during this period may be closely linked to wheezing in infancy and the development of asthma in the future.Obesity has been proven to be a risk factor for asthma in adults and children, and numerous studies have shown the rationality of the mechanism.However, the relationship between weight and wheezing in infancy has rarely been reported.This review summarizes the latest research progresses of the relationship between them.


Key words: 
Infant; Weight; Wheeze
Deep Factorization for Speech Signal (2018)

Various informative factors mixed in speech signals, leading to great difficulty when decoding any of the factors. An intuitive idea is to factorize each speech frame into individual informative factors, though it turns out to be highly difficult. Recently, we found that speaker traits, which were assumed to be long-term distributional properties, are actually short-time patterns, and can be learned by a carefully designed deep neural network (DNN). This discovery motivated a cascade deep factorization (CDF) framework that will be presented in this paper. The proposed framework infers speech factors in a sequential way, where factors previously inferred are used as conditional variables when inferring other factors. We will show that this approach can effectively factorize speech signals, and using these factors, the original speech spectrum can be recovered with a high accuracy. This factorization and reconstruction approach provides potential values for many speech processing tasks, e.g., speaker recognition and emotion recognition, as will be demonstrated in the paper.
Diagnosing Erectile Dysfunction: The penile dynamic colour duplex ultrasound revisited (2005)

A number of disease processes of the penis including Peyronie's disease, priapism, penile fractures and tumors are clearly visualized with ultrasound. Diagnostic evaluation of erectile dysfunction (ED) by penile dynamic colour-duplex Doppler ultrasonography (D-CDDU) is actually considered a second level approach to ED patients because of the fact that intracavernous injections test IV with prostaglandin-E(1) may provide important information about the patients' erectile capacity. However, no direct vascular imaging and a high percentage of false negative diagnoses of vasculogenic ED are its major pitfalls and subsequent treatment decisions remain quite limited. The occurrence of ED and its sentinel relationship to cardiovascular disease has prompted more accurate vascular screening in all patients even in the absence of cardiovascular risk factors. The sonographic evaluation of the intima-media thickness of the carotid arteries may sometimes represent an early manifestation of diffuse atherosclerotic disease and endothelial damage. This latter finding is often the cause of failure to oral agents, i.e. phosphodiesterase inhibitors, because of inability of the dysfunctional endothelium to release nitric oxide. D-CDDU represents an accurate tool to investigate cavernous artery inflow and venous leakage when compared with more invasive diagnostic techniques i.e. selective arteriography and dynamic infusion cavernosometry along with cavernosography.
Lithographic aerial image simulation with FPGA-based hardwareacceleration (2008)

Lithography simulation, as an essential step in design for manufacturability (DFM), is still far from computationally efficient. Most leading companies use large clusters of server computers to achieve acceptable turn-around time. Thus co-processor acceleration is very attractive for obtaining increased computational performance with reduced power consumption. This paper describes an implementation of a customized accelerator on FPGA using a polygon-based simulation model. An application-specific memory partitioning scheme is designed to meet the bandwidth requirements for a large number of processing elements. Deep loop pipelining and ping-pong buffer based function block pipelining are also implemented in our design. Initial results show a 15X speedup versus the software implementation running on a microprocessor, and more speedup is expected via further performance tuning. The implementation also leverages state-of-art C-to-RTL synthesis tools. At the same time, we also identified the need for manual architecture-level exploration for parallel implementations
My right to play Robert Orr My Right to Play First Open University Press 110 £15.99 0335211704 0335211704 (2004)

This book is excellent. In fact, it is three books in one. It can be read as a novel, where you will laugh, cry and enjoy the story. As a textbook, it gives readers some very useful insights into the world of children with complex needs and would guide their reflection on practice. Finally it could act as a resource manual. The appendix gives the location of several services that the reader would find useful when developing services, knowledge and skills.
Lubricin: A novel means to decrease bacterial adhesion and proliferation (2014)

This study investigated the ability of lubricin (LUB) to prevent bacterial attachment and proliferation on model tissue culture polystyrene surfaces. The findings from this study indicated that LUB was able to reduce the attachment and growth of Staphylococcus aureus on tissue culture polystyrene over the course of 24 h by approximately 13.9% compared to a phosphate buffered saline (PBS)-soaked control. LUB also increased S. aureus lag time (the period of time between the introduction of bacteria to a new environment and their exponential growth) by approximately 27% compared to a PBS-soaked control. This study also indicated that vitronectin (VTN), a protein homologous to LUB, reduced bacterial S. aureus adhesion and growth on tissue culture polystyrene by approximately 11% compared to a PBS-soaked control. VTN also increased the lag time of S. aureus by approximately 43%, compared to a PBS-soaked control. Bovine submaxillary mucin was studied because there are similarities between it and the center mucin-like domain of LUB. Results showed that the reduction of S. aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis proliferation on mucin coated surfaces was not as substantial as that seen with LUB. In summary, this study provided the first evidence that LUB reduced the initial adhesion and growth of both S. aureus and S. epidermidis on a model surface to suppress biofilm formation. These reductions in initial bacteria adhesion and proliferation can be beneficial for medical implants and, although requiring more study, can lead to drastically improved patient outcomes.
The University of Southampton Multi-Biometric Tunnel and introducing a novel 3D gait dataset (2008)

This paper presents the University of Southampton Multi-Biometric Tunnel, a constrained environment that is designed with airports and other high throughput environments in mind. It is able to acquire a variety of non-contact biometrics in a non-intrusive manner. The system uses eight synchronised IEEE1394 cameras to capture gait and additional cameras to capture images from the face and one ear, as an individual walks through the tunnel. We demonstrate that it is possible to achieve a 99.6% correct classification rate and a 4.3% equal error rate without feature selection using the gait data collected from the system; comparing well with state-of-art approaches. The tunnel acquires data automatically as a subject walks through it and is designed for the collection of very large gait datasets.
Recent progress in 5-HT<sub>7</sub>receptors: potential treatment of central and peripheral nervous system diseases (2004)

AbstractIn light of the barrage of recent reviews on 5-HT7 receptor agonists and antagonists, this article will highlight and review the research advances published in the patent literature between January 1997 and December 2003. The article is supplemented with selected references on the design, synthesis and development of novel 5-HT7 agents to treat central and peripheral nervous system diseases. Emphasis is placed on recent advances in the possible involvement of 5-HT7 serotonergic agents in the treatment of learning and memory, depression, schizophrenia and migraine. By no means has any attempt been made to exhaustively review the literature, but rather, primary references together with citations to recent literature reviews have been included in each section.Keywords5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)7agonistsantagonistscognitive dysfunctiondepressionmigrainepotencyschizophreniaselectivityside effects
Limiting viscosity number—molecular weight relationships for phenol‐formaldehyde resin in solution (1978)

Abstract The effect of molecular structure of phenol‐formaldehyde resin on the Mark‐Houwink‐Sakurada equation for solutions in acetone is systematically studied. Random and high‐ ortho phenol‐formaldehyde resins are prepared by conventional, acid‐catalyzed and Zn ++ ‐catalyzed condensations, respectively. The relative contents of 2,2′‐, 2,4′‐ and 4,4′‐methylene linkages are determined by 13 C NMR spectroscopy. From these the detailed distribution of structural isomers is calculated. Several fractions having number‐average molecular weights (by vapor pressure osmometry) M̄ n ≥10 4 are isolated by a successive solutional fractionation run from whole random polymers. For solutions of random polymer in acetone at 30°C, [η]=0,631 · M̄ (where [η] is limiting viscosity number) and for high‐ ortho polymer [η]=0,0813 · M̄ are established. The former equation can be interpreted in terms of the Zimm‐Stockmayer theory of branched polymer solutions.
Approaches to locating expertise using corporate knowledge (2002)

Abstract In many organizations people need to locate colleagues with knowledge and information to resolve a problem. Computer‐based systems that assist users with ﬁnding such expertise are increasingly important to industrial organizations. In this paper we discuss the development of Expertise Finders suitable for use within the engineering design environment, as illustrated through the use of a scenario. A key feature of this work is that the Expertise Finder returns both recommended contacts and supporting documentation. The Expertise Finder bases its results on information held within the organization, e.g. on‐line publications repositories, human resource records, and not on individually compiled Curriculum Vitaes or other forms of user‐maintained records. The recommendations are presented to the user with due regard to the social context, and are supported by the documents used to make the recommendation. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cluster communication protocols for parallel-programming systems (2004)

Clusters of workstations are a popular platform for high-performance computing. For many parallel applications, efficient use of a fast interconnection network is essential for good performance. Several modern System Area Networks include programmable network interfaces that can be tailored to perform protocol tasks that otherwise would need to be done by the host processors. Finding the right trade-off between protocol processing at the host and the network interface is difficult in general. In this work, we systematically evaluate the performance of different implementations of a single, user-level communication interface. The implementations make different architectural assumptions about the reliability of the network and the capabilities of the network interface. The implementations differ accordingly in their division of protocol tasks between host software, network-interface firmware, and network hardware. Also, we investigate the effects of alternative data-transfer methods and multicast implementations, and we evaluate the influence of packet size. Using microbenchmarks, parallel-programming systems, and parallel applications, we assess the performance of the different implementations at multiple levels. We use two hardware platforms with different performance characteristics to validate our conclusions. We show how moving protocol tasks to a relatively slow network interface can yield both performance advantages and disadvantages, depending on specific characteristics of the application and the underlying parallel-programming system.
Endogenous Relaxin Is a Naturally Occurring Modulator of Experimental Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis (2006)

Relaxin is a naturally occurring regulator of collagen turnover. In this study, we determined the role of endogenous relaxin in the pathogenesis of primary tubulointerstitial fibrosis after unilateral ureteric obstruction (UUO). Four- to 6-wk-old relaxin (RLX) gene-knockout (RLX(-/-)) and age-matched wild-type (RLX(+/+)) mice, with equivalent baseline collagen levels, were subjected to UUO. Obstructed and contralateral kidneys were collected at d 0, 3, and 10 after surgery and analyzed for changes in inflammatory and fibrosis-related markers. UUO was associated with a progressive increase in fibrosis in all obstructed, but not contralateral kidneys. The increase in total collagen (hydroxyproline analysis) was associated with more alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) staining (myofibroblasts) and interstitial collagen sub-types (SDS-PAGE; types I, III, and V), whereas gelatin zymography demonstrated increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 after surgery. By d 10 after UUO, there was a 5-fold decrease in RLX mRNA expression (quantitative RT-PCR) in RLX(+/+) animals. Total collagen and alpha-SMA expression were significantly greater in the obstructed kidneys of RLX(-/-) mice 3 d after UUO (both P < 0.05 vs. RLX(+/+) D3 after UUO), but comparable to that in RLX(+/+) animals 10 d after UUO. Administration of recombinant H2 relaxin to RLX(-/-) mice 4 d before UUO ameliorated the increase in collagen and alpha-SMA expression (both P < 0.05 vs. untreated RLX(-/-) mice) by d 3 after UUO. Expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and macrophage infiltration (inflammation) in addition to that of matrix metalloproteinases was unaffected by genotype after UUO. These combined data demonstrate that endogenous RLX acts as a modulating factor in tubulointerstitial fibrosis, a hallmark of progressive renal disease. This is likely to be via direct effects on renal myofibroblast function.
Web Table Extraction, Retrieval and Augmentation (2019)

This tutorial synthesizes and presents research on web tables over the past two decades. We group the tasks into six main categories of information access tasks: (i) table extraction, (ii) table interpretation, (iii) table search, (iv) question answering on tables, (v) knowledge base augmentation, and (vi) table completion. For each category, we identify and introduce seminal approaches, present relevant resources, and point out interdependencies among the different tasks.
Optimizing top-k document retrieval strategies for block-max indexes (2013)

Large web search engines use significant hardware and energy resources to process hundreds of millions of queries each day, and a lot of research has focused on how to improve query processing efficiency. One general class of optimizations called early termination techniques is used in all major engines, and essentially involves computing top results without an exhaustive traversal and scoring of all potentially relevant index entries. Recent work in [9,7] proposed several early termination algorithms for disjunctive top-k query processing, based on a new augmented index structure called Block-Max Index that enables aggressive skipping in the index.
Possible role of cell surface H+ -ATP synthase in the extracellular ATP synthesis and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. (2003)

Extracellular ATP synthesis on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was examined, and it was found that HUVECs possess high ATP synthesis activity on the cell surface. Extracellular ATP generation was detected within 5 s after addition of ADP and inorganic phosphate and reached a maximal level at 15 s. This type of ATP synthesis was almost completely inhibited by mitochondrial H(+)-ATP synthase inhibitors (e.g., efrapeptins, resveratrol, and piceatannol), which target the F(1) catalytic domain. Oligomycin and carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, but not potassium cyanide, also inhibited extracellular ATP synthesis on HUVECs, suggesting that cell surface ATP synthase employs the transmembrane electrochemical potential difference of protons to synthesize ATP as well as mitochondrial H(+)-ATP synthase. The F(1)-targeting H(+)-ATP synthase inhibitors markedly inhibited the proliferation of HUVECs, but intracellular ATP levels in HUVECs treated with these inhibitors were only slightly affected, as shown by comparison with the control cells. Interestingly, piceatannol inhibited only partially the activation of Syk (a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase), which has been shown to play a role in a number of endothelial cell functions, including cell growth and migration. These findings suggest that H(+)-ATP synthase-like molecules on the surface of HUVECs play an important role not only in extracellular ATP synthesis but also in the proliferation of HUVECs. The present results demonstrate that the use of small molecular H(+)-ATP synthase inhibitors targeting the F(1) catalytic domain may lead to significant advances in potential antiangiogenic cancer therapies.
Improved output spectrum of linearized class-F power amplifier for digital cellular mobile communications (2003)

Describes a class-F power amplifier with an amplitude distortion canceller for a cellular mobile communications terminal. The output spectrum of the power amplifier was calculated for a pi /4-shifted QPSK input signal. Calculated and measured spectra were in close agreement. Out-of-band emission of the power amplifier output spectrum is subject to both AM-AM and AM-PM conversion. The effects of AM-AM conversion can be mitigated by using an amplitude linearizer; however, AM-PM conversion is not compensated. Out-of-band emission levels were calculated as a function of AM-PM conversion to provide an estimation of allowable AM-PM conversion for a class-F power amplifier module. Calculations and measurement clarified that even a class-F power amplifier module having a phase variation of 10 to 15 degrees due to AM-PM conversion transmits a spectrum that satisfies the out-of-band emission standard.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Gaussian measurement model for local interest point based 6 DOF pose estimation (2011)

One of the main challenges for service robots during operation lies in the handling of unavoidable uncertainties which originate from model and sensor inaccuracies and which are characteristic for realistic application scenarios. Robustness under real world conditions can only be achieved when the dominant uncertainties are explicitly represented and purposefully managed by the robot's control system. We therefore adopt a probabilistic approach in which perception is regarded as a sequential estimation process and follow a Bayesian filtering methodology. Under these assumptions probabilistic models of the robot's perception systems are key. In this paper we shortly describe a model based object recognition and localization system. However, we do not not focus on the 6D pose estimation procedure itself, but on the method to quantify and compute the uncertainty associated with it. We construct a Gaussian approximation of the resulting pose error using the implicit function theorem. It is then used as a proposal density for importance sampling. Our goal is to sample from the measurement model describing 6D object localization based on local features in a Bayesian filtering context.
ROI coding with separated code block (2005)

ROI coding can effectively improve the subjective quality of image. There are some known disadvantages in existing ROI coding methods. This paper presents a new ROI coding method based code block selection mechanism. The method is to separate ROI and background data, and to place them to individual code blocks, ROI code block and background code block, which are put to entropy encoder independently. In the bit-stream allocation phase, a weight is assigned to the distort-length slope of ROI code block, which is intended to change the order by which the respective code blocks are assembled to stream. To transfer the information of the separated ROI and background, each original code block is duplicated logically in packet header. By assigning the same value as original code block to the number of bit planes of logical code block which has no data actually, the length of tag tree code is reduced. Because the separated code block can be assembled flexibly, the method enables the dynamic stream allocation according to the content of image.
Interaction of Al layers with polycrystalline Si (1975)

Auger electron spectroscopy, MeV 4He+ backscattering spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy have been used to investigate interactions between Al films and polycrystalline layers of CVD Si deposited on SiO2. Depth profiling techniques showed that intermixing of the Al and Si occurred in the 400–560 °C temperature range (i.e., below the eutectic). Dissolution of the poly Si into the Al film occurs followed by nucleation and growth of Si crystallites in the Al film. The morphology of the final structure depends on the relative thicknesses of the as-deposited Al and Si layers. In the case of the original Al thickness being greater than that of the Si, the Si forms large precipitates in the Al matrix. For Al layers thinner than those of the Si, a nearly continuous Si film is formed on the outer surface. The thickness of this final Si film is approximately that of the original Al layer. The remaining Si and the Al form a two-phase layer between the outer Si film and the SiO2 substrate.
X-SQL: reinforce schema representation with context (2019)

In this work, we present X-SQL, a new network architecture for the problem of parsing natural language to SQL query. X-SQL proposes to enhance the structural schema representation with the contextual output from BERT-style pre-training model, and together with type information to learn a new schema representation for down-stream tasks. We evaluated X-SQL on the WikiSQL dataset and show its new state-of-the-art performance.