gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sugarcane Bagasse Ash as a Potential Quartz Replacement in Red Ceramic (2008)

Sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) is an industrial waste that contains silicon and aluminum oxides as the major components and iron, calcium, magnesium, and potassium oxides as the main minor components. In this paper, SCBA from one Brazilian factory was characterized and tested for its influence on the ceramic properties of clay/ash ceramic probes. Prismatic probes were pressed (18 MPa) using a ceramic mass mixed with 0%, 5%, 8%, and 10% ash. The probes were fired at temperatures between 800° and 1200°C. X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray fluorescence, thermal analysis (differential thermal analysis, thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermogravimetric analysis), and tests for texture (particle‐size analysis), flexural strength, and linear shrinkage were carried out to characterize the samples. The results showed that the amount of ash to be incorporated will depend on mainly the composition of clay but also ash, and indicated that the clay used in this work can incorporate up to 10% weight of ash to produce solid bricks. The results also showed an improvement in ceramic/ash properties up to sintering temperatures higher than 1000°C.
Ultrathin NbTiN Films with High Ti Composition for Superconducting Nanowire Single Photon Detectors (2014)

We have fabricated and characterized ultrathin NbTiN films with high Titanium (Ti) composition for applications of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPD). An alloy with 47 wt. % Ti and 53 wt. % Nb as the target material is employed. NbTiN thin films with thicknesses ranging from 5 nm to 20 nm are grown onto MgO (100), Si (100) and SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X</sub> -Si substrates by DC magnetron sputtering. The zero resistance superconducting transition temperature (T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C0</sub> ) of about 8.8 K has been obtained for the NbTiN film of 8 nm thick on MgO substrate. With twice Ti composition than usual NbTiN film, the lattice mismatch and low resistivity are further improved, which will be more favorable for the performance of SNSPD. The results of the films' structural characterizations by AES, AFM, TEM and XRD are also presented.
The small GTPase Rac1 is a novel binding partner of Bcl-2 and stabilizes its antiapoptotic activity (2011)

The small GTPase Rac1 is involved in the activation of the reduced NAD phosphate oxidase complex resulting in superoxide production. We recently showed that Bcl-2 overexpression inhibited apoptosis in leukemia cells by creating a pro-oxidant intracellular milieu, and that inhibiting intracellular superoxide production sensitized Bcl-2-overexpressing cells to apoptotic stimuli. We report here that silencing and functional inhibition of Rac1 block Bcl-2-mediated increase in intracellular superoxide levels in tumor cells. Using confocal, electron microscopy and coimmunoprecipitation, as well as glutathione S-transferase-fusion proteins, we provide evidence for a colocalization and physical interaction between the 2 proteins. This interaction is blocked in vitro and in vivo by the BH3 mimetics as well as by synthetic Bcl-2 BH3 domain peptides. That this interaction is functionally relevant is supported by the ability of the Bcl-2 BH3 peptide as well as the silencing and functional inhibition of Rac1 to inhibit intracellular superoxide production as well as overcome Bcl-2-mediated drug resistance in human leukemia cells and cervical cancer cells. Notably, the interaction was observed in primary cells derived from patients with B-cell lymphoma overexpressing Bcl-2 but not in noncancerous tissue. These data provide a novel facet in the biology of Bcl-2 with potential implications for targeted anticancer drug design.
Patient Experience with Their Health Care Provider Among Non-Pregnant Women of Childbearing Age with Diabetes Mellitus by Race and Ethnicity in the United States (2023)

There is a need to improve PPC quality and satisfaction in this patient population. Patient-provider racial/ethnic discordance among women of color with DM is concerning given the existing diabetes-related disparities. More research on women with DM is needed to inform and improve patient experience and health outcomes.
Ritueel slachten en godsdienstvrijheid in een seculiere samenleving (2012)

For centuries ritual slaughter had a stable and legitimate place in Dutch society. It was one of the religious rites of the Jewish minority and thus accepted. From the nineteenth century onwards, however, criticism was voiced by animal rights activists, anti-religious organizations and anti-Semites. This criticism – with the exception of the war period – remained until recently marginal. Only in the last decade also mainstream political parties became critical. This essay demonstrates that political changes in the wake of ’9/11’ and the ‘Fortuyn revolt’ led to a new articulation of Dutch identity, which was essentially secular. Religious rites such as Jewish and Islamic ritual slaughter consequently were framed in opposition to the newly expressed Dutch identity. An analysis of the argumentation in the recent political and public debates demonstrates both the continuity with nineteenth-century progressive reasoning, and the impact of recent political changes.
Interleukin-18 Enhances Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E <sup>−/−</sup> Mice Through Release of Interferon-γ (2002)

We have previously shown that interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is a potent enhancer of atherogenesis. Interleukin-18 (IL-18) promotes inflammatory responses through release of IFN-gamma, although it can also exert direct actions on other inflammatory mediators. In this present study, we determined the effects of IL-18 on atherogenesis and the role of IFN-gamma in this response. Male apolipoprotein E(-/-) mice (apoE(-/-); aged 16 weeks, n=10/group) were fed a normal diet and injected intraperitoneally for 30 days with either recombinant IL-18 (30 ng/g/day) or saline. Atherosclerotic lesion size was quantified in 2 vascular beds: the ascending aorta and the aortic arch. IL-18 administration did not affect serum cholesterol concentrations or lipoprotein-cholesterol distribution; however, exogenous IL-18 administration increased lesion size 2-fold in both the ascending aorta (50 642 +/- 12 515 versus 112 399 +/- 13 227 microm(2) P=0.004; saline versus IL-18 groups, respectively) and the aortic arch (3.1 +/- 0.3% versus 6.2 +/- 0.9% area, P=0.006). Exogenous IL-18 promoted a 4-fold increase in the number of lesion-associated T lymphocytes (11 +/- 3 versus 50 +/- 5 cells; P<0.0001) and cells expressing major histocompatability complex class II (9 +/- 3 versus 40 +/- 6 cells; P=0.0002). To determine the role of IFN-gamma production in this response, exogenous IL-18 was administered to apoE(-/-) mice that were IFN-gamma deficient. These studies demonstrated that lack of endogenous IFN-gamma ablated the effects of IL-18 on atherosclerosis. Therefore, these data strongly implicates IL-18 in the atherogenic process and suggests that IL-18 increases lesion development through enhancement of an inflammatory response involving an IFN-gamma-dependent mechanism. The full text of this article is available at http://www.circresaha.org.
Continuous infusion versus bolus injection of loop diuretics in congestive heart failure (2004)

Currently available data are insufficient to confidently assess the merits of the two methods of giving intravenous diuretics. Based on small and relatively heterogenous studies, this review showed greater diuresis and a better safety profile when loop diuretics were given as continuous infusion. The existing data still does not allow definitive recommendations for clinical practice and larger studies should be done to more adequately settle this issue.
Establishment of an Efficient Genome Editing System in Lettuce Without Sacrificing Specificity (2022)

The efficiency of the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system remains limited in many crops. Utilizing strong promoters to boost the expression level of <i>Cas9</i> are commonly used to improve the editing efficiency. However, these strategies also increase the risk of off-target mutation. Here, we developed a new strategy to utilize intron-mediated enhancement (IME)-assisted <i>35S</i> promoter to drive <i>Cas9</i> and sgRNA in a single transcript, which escalates the editing efficiency by moderately enhancing the expression of both <i>Cas9</i> and sgRNA. In addition, we developed another strategy to enrich cells highly expressing <i>Cas9</i>/sgRNA by co-expressing the developmental regulator gene <i>GRF5</i>, which has been proved to ameliorate the transformation efficiency, and the transgenic plants from these cells also exhibited enhanced editing efficiency. This system elevated the genome editing efficiency from 14-28% to 54-81% on three targets tested in lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i>) without increasing the off-target editing efficiency. Thus, we established a new genome editing system with highly improved on-target editing efficiency and without obvious increasement in off-target effects, which can be used to characterize genes of interest in lettuce and other crops.
Mixed-Mode Anion−Cation Exchange/Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography−Electrospray Mass Spectrometry as an Alternative to Reversed Phase for Small Molecule Drug Discovery (2000)

Within pharmaceutical drug discovery, significant needs currently exist for the analysis and purification of structurally diverse samples prior to or immediately following high-throughput screening. These processes are required to facilitate rapid and accurate biological profiling, structural determination, and resupply of new drug candidates. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) for both analytical and preparative applications has become the small molecule separation/detection tool of choice for meeting many of these needs. However, the separation selectivity provided by RP-HPLC has been limited to the hydrophobicity-based resolution of relatively nonpolar sample components, and for high-throughput drug discovery applications, no sufficient alternative procedures have been identified. In this investigation, a mixed-mode anion-cation exchange/hydrophilic interaction chromatography (ACE-HILIC) method has been developed to provide both direct compatibility with ESI-MS and evaporative light-scattering detection (ELSD) and separation selectivity highly orthogonal to RP-HPLC. The technique employed silica-based small-pore weak ion exchange resins eluted with a combined aqueous and pH gradient. A diverse set of dipeptide probes was employed for the elucidation of the relative contributions of three retention mechanisms. ACE-HILIC-ESI-MS-ELSD should prove useful for the analysis and purification of compounds from both biological (e.g., natural products) and synthetic (e.g., combinatorial chemistry) sources of molecular diversity.
Ultrafine jagged platinum nanowires enable ultrahigh mass activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (2016)

Improving the platinum (Pt) mass activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) requires optimization of both the specific activity and the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA). We found that solution-synthesized Pt/NiO core/shell nanowires can be converted into PtNi alloy nanowires through a thermal annealing process and then transformed into jagged Pt nanowires via electrochemical dealloying. The jagged nanowires exhibit an ECSA of 118 square meters per gram of Pt and a specific activity of 11.5 milliamperes per square centimeter for ORR (at 0.9 volts versus reversible hydrogen electrode), yielding a mass activity of 13.6 amperes per milligram of Pt, nearly double previously reported best values. Reactive molecular dynamics simulations suggest that highly stressed, undercoordinated rhombus-rich surface configurations of the jagged nanowires enhance ORR activity versus more relaxed surfaces.
Summarization Extraction Method for Surveillance Video Based on Color Spatial Distribution Characteristic (2009)

This paper proposes a novel key frame extraction method by using color spatial distribution histograms for surveillance video representation and summarization. Pixels in the same color are contiguous or non-contiguous to each other in an image, which is a palpable spatial characteristic. With this attribute, the pixels are classified as contiguous and noncontiguous ones, and then, refined histograms distinguish the small changes of video content better than the original histograms between frames, and it allows fine distinctions that are similar to original histograms. With the evaluation of our experiments, this approach extracts summarization more efficiently and accurately.
Vision-Based Automatic Identification Tracking of Steel Products for Intelligent Steel Manufacturing (2017)

To achieve intelligent manufacturing in Industry 4.0 for steel industry, this paper considers a smart steel manufacturing framework, where an automatic identification tracking method for steel products is proposed. Automatically online tracking and identifying steel products on a production line is essential for intelligent manufacturing management since those products would be frequently moved and processed at different locations on the product flow. Current approaches usually rely on embedding or marking a series of characters (or identification codes) on the steel surface. However, steel-making process is usually conducted under a high temperature environment, making it difficult to well embed the identification codes with high quality and further automatically well recognize them online. To tackle the problem, this paper presents a novel vision-based automatic identification tracking framework without needing to embed any identification codes into the steel product. The key is to employ the essential identity of a steel product without any extrinsic information embedded, achieved by extracting visual features from the product. The presented preliminary results have verified the efficiency of the proposed method, which will be further improved in the future.
TACE Activation by MAPK-Mediated Regulation of Cell Surface Dimerization and TIMP3 Association (2012)

Ectodomain shedding mediated by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-converting enzyme [TACE; also known as ADAM17 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17)] provides an important switch in regulating cell proliferation, inflammation, and cancer progression. TACE-mediated ectodomain cleavage is activated by signaling of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) p38 and ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase). Here, we found that under basal conditions, TACE was predominantly present as dimers at the cell surface, which required its cytoplasmic domain and enabled efficient association with tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP3) and silencing of TACE activity. Upon activation of the ERK or p38 MAPK pathway, the balance shifted from TACE dimers to monomers, and this shift was associated with increased cell surface presentation of TACE and decreased TIMP3 association, which relieved the inhibition of TACE by TIMP3 and increased TACE-mediated proteolysis of transforming growth factor-α. Thus, cell signaling altered the dimer-monomer equilibrium and inhibitor association to promote activation of TACE-mediated ectodomain shedding, a regulatory mechanism that may extend to other ADAM proteases.
Synthesis and Properties of Tadpole-Shaped Gold Nanoparticles (2004)

In this communication, gold nanoparticles with a tadpole shape were synthesized by a simple aqueous-phase chemical method. The unusual three-dimensional and crystallized structures were demonstrated by TEM, AFM, and HRTEM methods. The SEM and UV-visible absorption measurements and electrophoresis experiments revealed that the tadpoles had novel optical and electrical properties. These attractive structures and properties are expected to find uses in many fields such as electrics, optics, electrochemistry, and biological sensing.
A 2 kW, single-phase, 7-level, GaN inverter with an active energy buffer achieving 216 W/in3 power density and 97.6% peak efficiency (2016)

High efficiency and compact single phase inverters are desirable in many applications such as solar energy harvesting and household appliances. This paper presents a 2 kW, 60 Hz, 450 VDC to 240 VRMS power inverter, designed and tested subject to the specifications of the Google/IEEE Little Box Challenge. The inverter features a 7-level flying capacitor multilevel converter, with low-voltage GaN switches operating at 120 kHz, the highest switching frequency to date at this power level. The inverter also includes an active buffer for twice-line-frequency power pulsation decoupling, which reduces the required capacitance by a factor of eight compared to conventional passive decoupling capacitor, while maintaining an efficiency above 99%. The inverter prototype is a self-contained box that achieves a high power density of 216 W/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> and a peak overall efficiency of 97.6% while meeting the constraints including input current ripple, load transient, thermal and EMC specifications.
Exposure of <i>β</i>L-crystallin to oxidizing free radicals enhances its susceptibility to transglutaminase activity (1991)

1. The effects of free radicals on the capacity of beta L-crystallin to act as a substrate for the enzyme transglutaminase were investigated. 2. beta L-Crystallin was exposed to defined radical species that were generated radiolytically, and transglutaminase activity, using the modified protein as substrate, was subsequently measured by monitoring the incorporation of [14C]putrescine. 3. Exposure of beta L-crystallin to hydroxyl radicals, thymine peroxyl radicals and acetone peroxyl radicals at concentrations of up to 135 microM increased the capacity of the protein to incorporate putrescine. With higher concentrations of these radicals this capacity of beta L-crystallin to act as a transglutaminase substrate declined to control levels or lower. 4. Superoxide radicals were inactive in this regard; hydroperoxyl radicals were active only at high concentrations. 5. It has previously been suggested that changes in the crystallins that occur during aging and with cataract may be due to oxidative reactions and to transglutaminase activity. This study suggests that these phenomena may be considered together rather than separately.
Sequences coding for part of oncogene-induced transin are highly conserved in a related rat gene (1987)

The transin gene is induced by oncogenes and epidermal growth factor (EGF). We report here the isolation of a related gene (transin-2 gene). The structures of these genes are very similar. Indeed, a stretch of 428 nucleotides of the transin gene containing both exon and intron sequences is 98% conserved in the transin-2 gene. However, the putative promoter regions of the genes show little sequence homology, apart from a short element related to a sequence involved in control of transcription by cyclic AMP or a tumour promoter. Expression of the transin-2 gene, unlike that of the transin gene, is not induced by EGF, dibutyryl cyclic AMP or cytochalasin D. Nevertheless, transin-2 RNA is expressed in several transformed rat embryo fibroblast cell lines, and can be induced by a tumour promoter. The proteins transin and transin-2 are approximately 71% homologous in sequence. Both proteins show significant sequence homology with two connective tissue degrading metalloproteases. These homologies raise the possibility that expression of transin and transin-2 in transformed cells might play a role in tumour invasion.
Novel procedure for reliable signal detection in an unknown wireless environment (2006)

In this paper, we present a novel procedure for the design of an M-ary QAM receiver operating over unknown slow flat-fading wireless channels, and yet are able to deliver very high performance. The channel state is estimated jointly with the signal detection process. Statistical properties of the wireless channel are exploited to formalize a new detection procedure. The algorithmic structure of the receiver is highly parallelized, which would benefit from high-speed VLSI implementation.
Classifier combination techniques applied to coreference resolution (2009)

This paper examines the applicability of classifier combination approaches such as bagging and boosting for coreference resolution. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first effort that utilizes such techniques for coreference resolution. In this paper, we provide experimental evidence which indicates that the accuracy of the coreference engine can potentially be increased by use of bagging and boosting methods, without any additional features or training data. We implement and evaluate combination techniques at the mention, entity and document level, and also address issues like entity alignment, that are specific to coreference resolution.
Dispersive properties of optical filters for WDM systems (1998)

Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) communication systems invariably require good optical filters meeting stringent requirements on their amplitude response, the ideal being a perfectly rectangular filter. To achieve high bandwidth utilization, the phase response of these filters is of equal importance, with the ideal filter having perfectly linear phase and therefore constant time delay and no dispersion. This aspect of optical filters for WDM systems has not received much attention until very recently. It is the objective of this paper to consider the phase response and resulting dispersion of optical filters in general and their impact on WDM system performance. To this end we use general concepts from linear systems, in particular, minimum and nonminimum phase response and the applicability of Hilbert transforms (also known as Kramers-Kronig relations). We analyze three different classes of optical filters, which are currently being used in WDM systems and compare their performance in terms of their phase response. Finally, we consider possible ways of linearizing the phase response without affecting the amplitude response, in an attempt to approximate the ideal filter and achieve the highest bandwidth utilization.
Effect of a Pulsing Electromagnetic Field on Demineralized Bone-matrix-induced Bone Formation in a Bony Defect in the Premaxilla of Rats (1992)

A 2-mm non-healing bony defect was prepared in the premaxilla of male Wistar rats weighing about 180 g as a simulation of an alveolar cleft, for determination of whether a pulsing electromagnetic field (PEMF) could promote regeneration of bone induced by demineralized bone matrix (DBM). The defect was either treated with 7 mg DBM or was left as a non-grafted control. The rats were exposed to a PEMF with a frequency of 100 Hz, a 10-ms-wide burst with 100 microseconds-wide quasi-rectangular pulses, repeating at 15 Hz, and magnetic field strength of 1.5-1.8 G. Alkaline phosphatase activity increased significantly from day 7 in the DBM-graft-plus-PEMF group and from day 10 in the DBM-graft group, reaching a maximum on day 14. A greater-than-two-fold rise in alkaline phosphatase activity and a three-fold rise in the amount of 45Ca incorporation in the DBM-graft-plus-PEMF group were attained compared with those of the DBM-graft group. The DBM-graft-plus-PEMF group produced more bone with almost complete osseous bridging in the defect sites than did the group treated with DBM only on day 35. The findings indicate that PEMF had an enhancing effect on the bone-inductive properties of the DBM through the stimulation of osteoblast differentiation induced by DBM.