gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and evaluation of a novel breast cancer detection system combining both thermoacoustic (TA) and photoacoustic (PA) tomography (2008)

We have developed a novel scanner for breast cancer detection, integrating both thermoacoustic and photoacoustic techniques to achieve dual contrast (microwave and light absorption) imaging. This scanner is nonionizing, low cost, and can potentially provide high-resolution, dual modality three-dimensional images of the breast. The scanner uses front instead of side breast compression and dry instead of gel ultrasonic coupling. Here we present the design of the breast scanner along with initial tissue phantom study results as a precursor to an actual patient study.
Options for gain-flattened erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (2002)

We define two new figures of merit and use them to compare the best optical performance expected from ideal Er-doped fluoride fibre amplifiers (EDFFAs) and silica-based Er-doped fibre amplifiers (EDFAs). We use a computer model with measured spectral gain and loss parameters. It assumes homogeneous broadening and includes all known loss mechanisms.
The Mechanobiology of Articular Cartilage Development and Degeneration (2004)

The development, maintenance, and destruction of cartilage are regulated by mechanical factors throughout life. Mechanical cues in the cartilage fetal endoskeleton influence the expression of genes that guide the processes of growth, vascular invasion, and ossification. Intermittent fluid pressure maintains the cartilage phenotype whereas mild tension (or shear) promotes growth and ossification. The articular cartilage thickness is determined by the position at which the subchondral growth front stabilizes. In mature joints, cartilage is thickest and healthiest where the contact pressure and cartilage fluid pressure are greatest. The depth-dependent histomorphology reflects the local fluid pressure, tensile strain, and fluid exudation. Osteoarthritis represents the final demise and loss of cartilage in the skeletal elements. The initiation and progression of osteoarthritis can follow many pathways and can be promoted by mechanical factors including: (1) reduced loading, which activates the subchondral growth front by reducing fluid pressure; (2) blunt impact, causing microdamage and activation of the subchondral growth front by local shear stress; (3) mechanical abnormalities that increase wear at the articulating surface; and (4) other mechanically related factors. Research should be directed at integrating our mechanical understanding of osteoarthritis pathogenesis and progression within the framework of cellular and molecular events throughout ontogeny.
Platelet activation using electric pulse stimulation (2014)

Electric pulse stimulation is a fast, inexpensive, easy-to-use platelet activation method for autologous platelet gel therapy.
Innovative Computerized Non-invasive Intracranial Pressure Measurement Technology and Its Clinical Validation (2014)

An innovative non-invasive absolute intracranial pressure (aICP) measurement method has been validated by multicenter comparative clinical studies. The method is based on two-depth transcranial Doppler technology and employs intracranial and extra cranial segments of the ophthalmic artery as a pressure sensor. The ophthalmic artery is used as a natural pair of scales which compares aICP with controlled pressure aPe which is externally applied to the orbit. In the case of scales balance, aICP=aPe. A two-depth transcranial Doppler device is used as a pressure balance indicator. The proposed method is the only non-invasive aICP measurement method which does not need patient-specific calibration.
Dielectric and Piezoelectric Properties of KNbO<sub>3</sub>–NaNbO<sub>3</sub>–LiNbO<sub>3</sub>–SrTiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramics (2006)

For the purpose of the developing Pb-free piezoelectric ceramics, the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of two series of KNbO3–NaNbO3–LiNbO3–SrTiO3 (KN–NN–LN–ST) perovskite ceramics, namely 0.47KN–0.47NN–(0.06-x)LN–xST (0≤x≤0.06) and 0.45KN–0.45NN–(0.10-y)LN–yST (0.02≤y≤0.10) were investigated as functions of composition. In both series, the orthorhombic perovskite phase formed at lower temperatures, and was transformed to tetragonal form and then cubic form with increasing temperature. The orthorhombic–tetragonal transition temperature (Tot) and tetragonal–cubic transition temperature (Curie temperature, Tc) gradually shifted toward lower temperatures with increasing ST content. For the 0.47KN–0.47NN–(0.06-x)LN–xST series, the Tot=100 °C and Tc=500 °C for x=0, and the Tot=-20 °C and Tc=220 °C for x=0.06. For the 0.45KN–0.45NN–(0.10-y)LN–yST series, Tot=-30 °C and Tc=450 °C for y=0.02, and Tot=-60 °C and Tc=330 °C for y=0.05. Among the ceramics obtained, the 0.45KN–0.45NN–0.06LN–0.04ST composition showed relatively good piezoelectric properties, kp=0.33 and d33=120 pC/N, which are comparable to those of Pb-free piezoelectric ceramics previously reported.
Surface Derivatization of Corn Starch Granules (1998)

ABSTRACT Commercial corn starch, treated with stearoyl chloride in carbon tetrachloride and triethylamine, is surface‐derivatized without noticeable swelling. Granules that are reacted with chloroacetic acid under similar conditions undergo surface etherification, visibly identified by their color binding with fuchsin. Interestingly, the dye experiment indicates surface‐derivatization as well as derivatization of the granule central interior, suggesting reagent penetration to the granule interior through pores and derivatization of a lower density porous center. Esterification of corn starch granules treated with glucoamylase have five times greater esterification than normal corn starch granules. Placed in water, these and palmitoylated granules have a fatty feel to the fingers. Stearoylated corn and amaranth starches showed indications for use as fat replacers in frozen desserts.
Highly crystalline 5H-polytype of sp3-bonded boron nitride prepared by plasma-packets-assisted pulsed-laser deposition: An ultraviolet light emitter at 225 nm (2002)

Highly crystalline 5H-polytypic form of sp3-bonded boron nitride (BN) was grown by pulsed-laser-vaporization of BN, where synchronous reactive-plasma packets assisted the crystal growth in the vapor phase. The structure of the product crystallites (∼5 μm) was confirmed by using transmission electron diffraction and electron energy loss spectroscopy. This material proved to have a sharp and dominant band at 225 nm by cathodoluminescence at room temperatures and corresponding monochromatic images revealed that they uniformly emitted the ultraviolet light. Considering that cubic BN has already been doped as p- and n-type semiconductors, this material may be applied to the light-emitting devices working at almost the deepest limit of the UV region that is functional without vacuum.
Multi‐class Mode of Action Classification of Toxic Compounds Using Logic Based Kernel Methods (2010)

Toxicity prediction is essential for drug design and development of effective therapeutics. In this paper we present an in silico strategy, to identify the mode of action of toxic compounds, that is based on the use of a novel logic based kernel method. The technique uses support vector machines in conjunction with the kernels constructed from first order rules induced by an Inductive Logic Programming system. It constructs multi-class models by using a divide and conquer reduction strategy that splits multi-classes into binary groups and solves each individual problem recursively hence generating an underlying decision list structure. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the approach for chemoinformatics problems like predictive toxicology, we apply it to toxicity classification in aquatic systems. The method is used to identify and classify 442 compounds with respect to the mode of action. The experimental results show that the technique successfully classifies toxic compounds and can be useful in assessing environmental risks. Experimental comparison of the performance of the proposed multi-class scheme with the standard multi-class Inductive Logic Programming algorithm and multi-class Support Vector Machine yields statistically significant results and demonstrates the potential power and benefits of the approach in identifying compounds of various toxic mechanisms.
Discovery and Characterization of 6-{4-[3-(<i>R</i>)-2-Methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)propoxy]phenyl}-2<i>H</i>-pyridazin-3-one (CEP-26401, Irdabisant): A Potent, Selective Histamine H<sub>3</sub>Receptor Inverse Agonist (2011)

Optimization of a novel series of pyridazin-3-one histamine H(3) receptor (H(3)R) antagonists/inverse agonists identified 6-{4-[3-(R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)propoxy]phenyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one (8a, CEP-26401; irdabisant) as a lead candidate for potential use in the treatment of attentional and cognitive disorders. 8a had high affinity for both human (K(i) = 2.0 nM) and rat (K(i) = 7.2 nM) H(3)Rs with greater than 1000-fold selectivity over the hH(1)R, hH(2)R, and hH(4)R histamine receptor subtypes and against an in vitro panel of 418 G-protein-coupled receptors, ion channels, transporters, and enzymes. 8a demonstrated ideal pharmaceutical properties for a CNS drug in regard to water solubility, permeability and lipophilicity and had low binding to human plasma proteins. It weakly inhibited recombinant cytochrome P450 isoforms and human ether-a-go-go-related gene. 8a metabolism was minimal in rat, mouse, dog, and human liver microsomes, and it had good interspecies pharmacokinetic properties. 8a dose-dependently inhibited H(3)R agonist-induced dipsogenia in the rat (ED(50) = 0.06 mg/kg po). On the basis of its pharmacological, pharmaceutical, and safety profiles, 8a was selected for preclinical development. The clinical portions of the single and multiple ascending dose studies assessing safety and pharmacokinetics have been completed allowing for the initiation of a phase IIa for proof of concept.
Cardio-Renal-Metabolic Overlap, Outcomes, and Dapagliflozin in Heart Failure With Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction (2023)

CRM multimorbidity was common and associated with adverse outcomes among patients with HF and left ventricular ejection fraction >40% in DELIVER. Dapagliflozin was safe and effective across the CRM spectrum, with greater absolute benefits among those with highest CRM overlap (Dapagliflozin Evaluation to Improve the LIVEs of Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction Heart Failure [DELIVER]; NCT03619213).
Method for generating acoustical speech signals which can be understood by persons extremely hard of hearing and a device for the implementation of said method (1984)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Manfred Zollner, Christian Hoffmann, Eberhard Zwicker; Method for generating acoustical speech signals which can be understood by persons extremely hard of hearing and a device for the implementation of said method. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 May 1984; 75 (5): 1662. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.390968 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
<title>New RLL(1,k,4,6) modulations for optical recording</title> (2002)

RLL modulations that have d equals 1 constraint, such as RLL(1,7) 1) ,2), are widely used in the optical disk systems to enlarge a window margin. While 2 to 3 variable length modulations, which is representative coding rate for those modulations, were difficult to control digital sum variation (DSV), a common solution is inserting marginal bits2). However a drawback of this method is a loss on the recording capacity. This paper introduces new RLL(1,k,4,6) modulations which can generate various k constraint, k equals 7 or above, codes with a cording table. All of those have 4 to 6 fixed coding rates and can control the DSV without marginal bits. It can be emphasized that all the modulations use the same coding table and the same decoder. The table is constructed by 4 states sliding block encoder. Since code words by the (1,k,4,6) modulation is decoded only by a symbol look-ahead decoder, error propagation is within 8 data bits. The high coding rate and sufficient DSV control ability can bring an extra capacity or system margin.
Crystal structure and characterization of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium trihydrate (2012)

The water content in the dried samples was restored to that in the trihydrate crystal by placing the samples in a humid environment. In addition, the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray diffraction-differential calorimetry (XRD-DSC) analyses show that the phase of the trihydrate crystal changed when the crystallization water was eliminated. The dried crystal has two crystalline forms that are restored to the original trihydrate crystals in 20% relative humidity (RH). This crystalline (PQQ disodium trihydrate) is stable under normal environment.
Granulocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (GR-MDSC) in Breast Milk (BM); GR-MDSC Accumulate in Human BM and Modulate T-Cell and Monocyte Function (2018)

Nosocomial bacterial infections (NBI) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) are among the main reasons for death in preterm infants. Both are often caused by bacteria coming from the infected infant's gut and feeding with breast milk (BM) seems beneficial in their pathogenesis. However, mechanisms causing the protective effect of BM are only incompletely understood. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are myeloid cells with suppressive activity on other immune cells, recently described to play a role in mediating maternal-fetal tolerance during pregnancy and immune adaptation in newborns. Until now, nothing is known about occurrence and function of MDSC in BM. We analyzed MDSC in BM and peripheral blood of breastfeeding mothers and found that granulocytic MDSC, but not monocytic MDSC, accumulate in BM, exhibit an activated phenotype and increased suppressive activity and modulate TLR-expression on monocytes. Furthermore, we found that the lactotrophic hormones prolactin and oxytocin do not induce MDSC from peripheral blood. This is the first study to describe MDSC with immune-modulatory properties in human BM. Our results point toward a role for MDSC in local immune modulation in the gut possibly protecting infants from NBI and NEC.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COMPOSITION AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ASPHALT AND DISCUSSION (1970)

THE PURPOSE IS TO RELATE THE COMPOSITION OF ASPHALT WITH THE NORMAL PHYSICAL TESTS APPLIED TO PAVING GRADE ASPHALT CEMENTS. THIS WAS DONE BY SEPARATING ASPHALT INTO ITS FOUR GENERIC FRACTIONS, PREPARING VARIOUS TWO-COMPONENT RECONSTITUTED ASPHALTS, AND THEN OBSERVING THE CHANGE IN PROPERTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE VARIATION IN COMPOSITION. AMONG THE CONCLUSIONS WERE THE FOLLOWING: (1) THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF EACH OF THE FOUR GENERIC FRACTIONS ARE DISTINCTLY DIFFERENT FROM EACH OTHER. (2) THE FLUIDITY OF AN ASPHALT INCREASES (HARDNESS DECREASES) BY THE PLASTICIZING EFFECT OF THE LIQUID FRACTIONS (SATURATES AND NAPHTHENE-AROMATICS ON THE SOLID FRACTIONS (POLAR-AROMATICS AND ASPHALTENES). (3) THE COMBINATION OF EITHER THE SATURATES OR THE NAPHTHENE-AROMATICS WITH ASPHALTENES IMPROVES THE TEMPERATURE SUSCEPTIBILITY, AND THE COMBINATION OF POLAR-AROMATICS WITH ASPHALTENES MAKES THE TEMPERATURE SUSCEPTIBILITY POORER. (4) DUCTILITY IS LARGELY DEPENDENT UPON THE PRESENCE OF POLAR-AROMATICS WHILE THE OTHER THREE FRACTIONS CONTRIBUTE VERY LITTLE IF ANYTHING TO DUCTILITY. (5) FLOW RESISTANCE (SOFTENING POINT) IS INCREASED BY THE COMBINATION OF SATURATES OR NAPHTHENE-AROMATICS WITH ASPHALTENES, AND IS DECREASED BY THE COMBINATION OF SATURATES WITH POLAR-AROMATICS. /AUTHOR/
Hammer Time! (2016)

We report on the Latency Hammer, a low-cost yet highaccuracy and high-precision automated tool that measures the interface latency of touchscreen devices. The Hammer directly measures latency by triggering a capacitive touch event on a device using an electrically actuated touch simulator, and a photo sensor to monitor the screen for a visual response. This allows us to measure the full end-toend latency of a touchscreen system exactly as it would be experienced by a user. The Hammer does not require human interaction to perform a measurement, enabling the acquisition of large datasets. We present the operating principles of the Hammer, and discuss its design and construction; full design documents are available online. We also present a series of tools and equipment that were built to assess and validate the performance of the Hammer, and demonstrate that it provides reliable latency measurements.
Mitochondria: new drug targets for oxidative stress-induced diseases (2006)

The identification of the mitochondrion as the gatekeeper of the life and death of a cell and the appreciation of the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in a range of clinical disease processes have made the mitochondrion a target for drug delivery. Accordingly, strategies are being developed for the targeted delivery of antioxidants to mitochondria. Recent studies show that triphenylphosphonium-based antioxidants and amino acid- and peptide-based antioxidants protect mitochondria against oxidative insult. Future studies will undoubtedly exploit the unique biophysical and biochemical properties of mitochondria, including mitochondrial activation of prodrugs, for the targeted delivery of cytoprotective agents.
3‐[Substituted]‐5‐(5‐pyridin‐2‐yl‐2H‐tetrazol‐2‐yl)benzonitriles: Identification of Highly Potent and Selective Metabotropic Glutamate Subtype 5 Receptor Antagonists. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Force-Detected Magnetic Resonance Without Field Gradients (1997)

A novel method of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is described which promises to be preferable to known general methods at sample length scales below approximately 100 microm. Its advantages stem from the seemingly paradoxical combination of a homogeneous static magnetic field and detection of a mechanical force between a spin-bearing sample and a magnet assembly. In contrast to other methods of force-detected nuclear magnetic resonance (FDNMR), the method is characterized by better observation of magnetization, enhanced resolution, and no gradient (BOOMERANG), and it is generally applicable with respect to sample composition, pulse sequence, and magnetic field strength. Further advantages of portability and low cost stem from the small instrument volume and mass and promise to extend the use of NMR to new applications and environments. A sensitivity analysis, relevant to spectroscopy or imaging, quantifies the advantage of BOOMERANG relative to magnetic induction using microcoils and to FDNMR methods that rely on large gradients of the magnetic field at the sample.
Reversal Agent and Linker Variants of Reversed Chloroquines: Activities against <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> (2009)

We have shown that "reversed chloroquine molecules" constructed from chloroquine-like and resistance "reversal-agent"-like cores can be powerful drugs against malaria ( J. Med. Chem. 2006 , 49 , 5623 - 5625 ). Several reversed chloroquines are now presented that probe parameters governing the activities against chloroquine-resistant and chloroquine-sensitive malaria strains. The design is tolerant to linker and reversal agent changes, but a piperazinyl group adjacent to the quinoline, at least for the group of compounds studied here, may be detrimental.
Development and application of an RT-PCR test for detecting avian nephritis virus (2010)

The development of a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test for detecting avian nephritis virus (ANV) is described. Primers, which amplified a fragment of 182 base pairs (bp), were located in the conserved 3' untranslated region (UTR) of the genome. The limit of detection of the test was estimated to be approximately 18 viral copies using a 10-fold dilution series of in vitro transcribed RNA. Positive signals were produced with representative ANV samples, some of which were not detected by previously described RT-PCR tests for detecting ANV, but other avian astroviruses including chicken astrovirus isolates and duck hepatitis virus types 2 and 3 tested negative. When applied to gut content samples from UK, German and US broiler flocks with enteritis/growth problems, ANVs were detected by RT-PCR in 82/82 (100%) samples. ANVs were also detected in 80/96 (83%) pooled gut content samples from longitudinal surveys of four broiler flocks displaying below-average performance. Whereas all samples collected on day 0 from the surveys were negative for ANV, all samples collected at days 4/5, 7, 10, 14, 21 and 28 tested positive. Sequence determinations performed with amplicons produced with 14 field samples confirmed the ANV specificity of the test, while comparative and phylogenetic analyses based on 109-nucleotide 3'-UTR sequences demonstrated that the majority of ANVs investigated were more closely related to the serotype 2 ANV (accession number AB 046864) than to the serotype 1 ANV (accession number NC 003790).
Utilization of near infrared nerve-specific fluorescent contrast agents as an intraoperative assessment methodology for nerve damage (2022)

This Conference Presentation, “Utilization of near infrared nerve-specific fluorescent contrast agents as an intraoperative assessment methodology for nerve damage,” was recorded for Photonics West BiOS 2022 On-Demand.
Liquid-crystalline allene derivatives (1996)

K. Zab, H. Kruth and C. Tschierske, Chem. Commun., 1996, 977 DOI: 10.1039/CC9960000977
Monoclonal radioimmunoassays for hepatitis B surface antigen: demonstration of hepatitis B virus DNA or related sequences in serum and viral epitopes in immune complexes. (1982)

High-affinity monoclonal IgM and IgG antibodies (anti-HBs) to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) have recently been developed and used by us in the construction of highly sensitive radioimmunoassays for the detection of HBsAg-associated determinants in serum. We now report that selected serum samples demonstrating monoclonal immunoreactive material also contain nucleic acid sequences complementary to hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA by molecular hybridization analysis. In addition, monoclonal radioimmunoassays can detect viral determinants in HBsAg-anti-HBs immune complexes formed in anti-HBs excess; such determinants are undetectable by commercial radioimmunoassay. These and our previous studies suggest that there are HBV or "HBV-related" agents present in human serum that are detected by monoclonal antibodies but are not identified by conventional polyvalent antibodies.
Handwritten Word Image Retrieval with Synthesized Typed Queries (2009)

We propose a new method for handwritten word-spotting which does not require prior training or gathering examples for querying. More precisely, a model is trained “on the fly” with images rendered from the searched words in one or multiple computer fonts. To reduce the mismatch between the typed-text prototypes and the candidate handwritten images, we make use of: (i) local gradient histogram(LGH) features, which were shown to model word shapes robustly, and (ii) semi-continuous hidden Markov models(SC-HMM), in which the typed-text models are constrained to a “vocabulary” of handwritten shapes, thus learning a link between both types of data. Experiments show that the proposed method is effective in retrieving handwritten words, and the comparison to alternative methods reveals that the contribution of both the LGH features and the SCHMM is crucial. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first work to address this issue in a non-trivial manner.