gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Scalable Micro-planned Generation of Discourse from Structured Data (2019)

We present a framework for generating natural language description from structured data such as tables; the problem comes under the category of data-to-text natural language generation (NLG). Modern data-to-text NLG systems typically use end-to-end statistical and neural architectures that learn from a limited amount of task-specific labeled data, and therefore exhibit limited scalability, domain-adaptability, and interpretability. Unlike these systems, ours is a modular, pipeline-based approach, and does not require task-specific parallel data. Rather, it relies on monolingual corpora and basic off-the-shelf NLP tools. This makes our system more scalable and easily adaptable to newer domains. Our system utilizes a three-staged pipeline that: (i) converts entries in the structured data to canonical form, (ii) generates simple sentences for each atomic entry in the canonicalized representation, and (iii) combines the sentences to produce a coherent, fluent, and adequate paragraph description through sentence compounding and co-reference replacement modules. Experiments on a benchmark mixed-domain data set curated for paragraph description from tables reveals the superiority of our system over existing data-to-text approaches. We also demonstrate the robustness of our system in accepting other popular data sets covering diverse data types such as knowledge graphs and key-value maps.
Pipelining saturated accumulation (2008)

Aggressive pipelining and spatial parallelism allow integrated circuits (e.g., custom VLSI, ASICs, and FPGAs) to achieve high throughput on many digital signal processing applications. However, cyclic data dependencies in the computation can limit parallelism and reduce the efficiency and speed of an implementation. Saturated accumulation is an important example where such a cycle limits the throughput of signal processing applications. We show how to reformulate saturated addition as an associative operation so that we can use a parallel-prefix calculation to perform saturated accumulation at any data rate supported by the device. This allows us, for example, to design a 16-bit saturated accumulator which can operate at 280 MHz on a Xilinx Spartan-3(XC3S-5000-4) FPGA, the maximum frequency supported by the component's DCM.
A time-harmonic inverse methodology for the design of RF coils in MRI (2002)

An inverse methodology is described to assist in the design of radio-frequency (RF) coils for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications. The time-harmonic electromagnetic Green's functions are used to calculate current on the coil and shield cylinders that will generate a specified internal magnetic field. Stream function techniques and the method of moments are then used to implement this theoretical current density into an RF coil. A novel asymmetric coil operating for a 4.5 T MRI machine was designed and constructed using this methodology and the results are presented.
Analysis Of Ultrasound Image Texture Via Generalized Rician Statistics (1986)

Tissue signatures are obtained from the first- and second-order statistics of ultrasonic B-scan texture. Laboratory measurements and early clinical results show that the image may be segmented to discriminate between different normal tissues and to detect abnormal conditions based on a multidimensional feature space. These features describe the intrinsic backscatter properties of the tissues imaged and may be used as the basis of an automatic tissue characterization algorithm.
Rule profiling for query optimizers and their implications (2010)

Many modern optimizers use a transformation rule based framework. While there has been a lot of work on identifying new transformation rules, there has been little work focused on empirically evaluating the effectiveness of these transformation rules. In this paper we present the results of an empirical study of "profiling" transformation rules in Microsoft SQL Server using a diverse set of real world and benchmark query workloads. We also discuss the implications of these results for designing and testing query optimizers.
An anatomically-constrained local deformation model for monocular face capture (2016)

We present a new anatomically-constrained local face model and fitting approach for tracking 3D faces from 2D motion data in very high quality. In contrast to traditional global face models, often built from a large set of blendshapes, we propose a local deformation model composed of many small subspaces spatially distributed over the face. Our local model offers far more flexibility and expressiveness than global blendshape models, even with a much smaller model size. This flexibility would typically come at the cost of reduced robustness, in particular during the under-constrained task of monocular reconstruction. However, a key contribution of this work is that we consider the face anatomy and introduce subspace skin thickness constraints into our model, which constrain the face to only valid expressions and helps counteract depth ambiguities in monocular tracking. Given our new model, we present a novel fitting optimization that allows 3D facial performance reconstruction from a single view at extremely high quality, far beyond previous fitting approaches. Our model is flexible, and can be applied also when only sparse motion data is available, for example with marker-based motion capture or even face posing from artistic sketches. Furthermore, by incorporating anatomical constraints we can automatically estimate the rigid motion of the skull, obtaining a rigid stabilization of the performance for free. We demonstrate our model and single-view fitting method on a number of examples, including, for the first time, extreme local skin deformation caused by external forces such as wind, captured from a single high-speed camera.
Dual Modality Microendoscope with Optical Zoom Capability (2012)

We present a dual modality microendoscope with a miniature, 9x optical zoom lens that is capable of large field-of-view (1.3 mm) reflectance imaging and high-resolution (0.57 μm) multiphoton fluorescence imaging of unstained tissues.
EPR Investigation of Photoinduced Radical Pair Formation and Decay to a Triplet State in a Carotene−Porphyrin−Fullerene Triad (1998)

The photochemistry of a molecular triad consisting of a porphyrin (P) covalently linked to a carotenoid polyene (C) and a fullerene derivative (C60) has been studied at 20 K by time-resolved EPR spectroscopy following laser excitation. Excitation of the porphyrin moiety yields C−1P−C60, which decays by photoinduced electron transfer to yield C−P•+−C60•-. This state rapidly evolves into a final charge-separated state C•+−P−C60•-, whose spin-polarized EPR signal was observed and simulated. There is a weak exchange interaction between the electrons in the radical pair (J = 1.2 G). The C•+−P−C60•- state decays to give the carotenoid triplet in high yield with a time constant of 1.2 μs. The spin polarization of 3C−P−C60 is characteristic of a triplet formed by charge recombination of a singlet-derived radical pair. The kinetics of the decay of 3C−P−C60 to the ground state were also determined. The photoinduced electron transfer from an excited singlet state at low temperature and the high yield of charge recombination to a spin-polarized triplet mimic similar processes observed in photosynthetic reaction centers.
Access Flow based Multi-Radio Access Connectivity (2007)

This paper describes the steps and the procedures involved to establish access flows for a user data session in multi-radio access networks. The description is evolved around the overall connectivity abstraction model defined in the ambient networks (AN) project. This model uses access flows as its fundamental objects which are the result of two main access selection procedures: network attachment and flow setup. All access abstractions and procedures have been developed to handle the requirements of efficient multi-access resource management through all stages of access connectivity. The paper discusses some design trade-off for the establishment of access flows concerning setup delays and resource efficiency.
Acoustic flow instruments for solid-gas flows (1986)

Two nonintrusive acoustic flow sensing techniques are reported. One technique, passive in nature, simply measures the bandpassed acoustic noise level produced by particle/particle and particle/wall collisions. The noise levels, given in true RMS voltages or in autocorrelations, show a linear relationship to particle velocity but increase with solid concentration. Therefore, the passive technique requires calibration and a separate measure of solid concentration before it can be used to monitor particle velocity. The second technique is based on the active cross-correlation principle. It measures particle velocity directly by correlating flow-related signatures at two sensing stations. The velocity data obtained by this technique are compared with measurements by a radioactive-particle time-of-flight (TOF) method.
Polarization Engineering of Thermal Radiation Using Metallic Photonic Crystals (2008)

Polarization engineering in thermal radiation is demonstrated by use of metallic photonic crystals, which enhance thermal radiation at specific frequencies with a high degree of polarization up to 0.5. The strong absorption induced by greatly reduced group velocity for a certain polarization is the underlying physical reason for this phenomenon.
Towards GW peak power from a Kerr-lens mode-locked thin-disk oscillator (2015)

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Fast algorithms for slew constrained minimum cost buffering (2006)

As a prevalent constraint, sharp slew rate is often required in circuit design which causes a huge demand for buffering resources. This problem requires ultra-fast buffering techniques to handle large volume of nets, while also minimizing buffering cost. This problem is intensively studied in this paper. First, a highly efficient algorithm based on dynamic programming is proposed to optimally solve slew buffering with discrete buffer locations. Second, a new algorithm is developed to handle the difficult cases in which no assumption is made on buffer input slew. Third, an adaptive buffer selection approach is proposed to efficiently handle slew buffering with continuous buffer locations. Experiments on industrial netlists demonstrate that our algorithms are very effective and highly efficient: we achieve > 100X speed up and save up to 40% buffer area over the commonly-used van Ginneken style buffering.
Analysis of Short Pulse Laser Interaction With Tissues for Tumor Detection (2009)

The objective of the work is to perform both experimental and numerical analysis of short pulse laser interaction with tissue medium with the goal of tumor / cancer diagnostics. Short pulse laser probing techniques for diagnostics have distinct advantages over very large pulse width or continuous wave lasers primarily due to the additional information conveyed by the temporal distribution of the optical signals. For short pulse laser source, the shape of output signal is a function of the optical properties of the medium and hence the scattered optical signal provides information about the medium characteristics. Two laser systems are used: a mode-locked short pulse laser (wavelength = 514 nm and pulsewidth = 200 ps) and a frequency doubled diode short pulse laser (wavelength = 776 nm and pulsewidth = 1.3 ps). The scattered optical signals are measured with a Hamamatsu streak camera. First in vitro experiments are performed on mouse skin tissue samples injected with India ink in order to simulate presence of inhomogeneities. Finally, in vivo imaging is performed on anaesthetized rats with tumorogenic agents injected inside skin tissues and on anaesthetized mouse with mammary tumors. Both the temporal and the spatial profiles of the scattered reflected optical signals are compared with the numerical modeling results obtained by solving the transient radiative transport equation using the discrete ordinates technique. The goal is to demonstrate the feasibility of the time-resolved technique in detecting tumors in animal model.
Determination of Structural Dip and Azimuth from LWD Azimuthal Propagation Resistivity Measurements in Anisotropic Formations (2008)

Abstract With the use of both azimuthal propagation resistivity main and cross component data, the resistivity anisotropy and its dip and azimuth angles of a massive formation (anisotropic shale or laminated sand) can be determined. The accuracy of the determined parameters depends on the amount of available data. A minimum amount of data are two frequency main components and real and quadrature cross components. The boundary effects will distort the solution eventually; however, the anisotropy enhanced processing will minimize the effects to extend the algorithm to a certain distance away from a boundary.
Selective stimulation of the human optic nerve (1999)

A blind volunteer affected with retinitis pigmentosa was intracranially implanted with a selfsizing cuff electrode around her right optic nerve. The nerve cuff electrode included 4 monopolar contacts. Its leads were brought through the skin where they ended in an external connector12. After recovery from surgery, electrical activation of the implanted optic nerve was undertaken. A specially dedicated Computer Based Stimulator was used. Stimulation consisted in charge balanced biphasic rectangular pulses. The stimulation resulted consistently and exclusively in visual sensations. The thresholds have remained stable for 14 months, so far. Phosphenes were broadly distributed throughout the visual field. They were either solid surface, or organized in rows, arrays, or clusters of dots. A topological organization was observed between phosphene location and the stimulating contact. Increasing the stimulation frequency decreased the current threshold for perception. The\nresults of this experiment are consistent with the hypothesis that a visual prosthesis, based on electrical stimulation of the optic nerve, can be developed for human subjects with retinitis pigmentosa.
ChemInform Abstract: INTENSELY POTENT MORPHOLINYL ANTHRACYCLINES (1984)

Abstract Doxorubicinhydrochlorid (I) reagiert mit Oxy‐bis‐(acetaldehyd) (II) unter reduktiven Bedingungen zu einem Ge‐′ misch der Morpholinderivate (III) und (IV).
Synthesis of leucascandrolide A (2005)

Abstract This paper describes a convergent and stereocontrolled synthesis of leucascandrolide A, a marine natural product that exhibits potent growth inhibition of mammalian and yeast cells. The approach features a substrate-directed relay of the stereochemical information via a series of highly diastereoselective transformations. Spontaneous macrolactolization discovered during this synthetic exercise has provided an unprecedented access to this marine macrolide and demonstrates a new tactic for assembling large-ring systems based on the thermodynamic preference of hemiacetalization.
Serological detection of attenuated HIV-1 variants with nef gene deletions (1998)

These data show that nef-deleted strains of HIV-1 can be detected serologically. In the Sydney cohort, detection of antibodies to all regions of Nef tested, except that corresponding to amino-acids 162-177, suggests that observed deletions outside this domain occurred after this virus had infected these subjects and stimulated an immune response. A Nef peptide serological assay may be useful for identifying further examples of individuals infected with nef-deleted, attenuated HIV-1 quasispecies and for assessing the evolution of those variants in vivo.
Aroyl(aminoacyl)pyrroles, a New Class of Anticonvulsant Agents (1997)

2-Aroyl-4-(omega-aminoacyl)- (4) and 4-aroyl-2-(omega-aminoacyl)pyrroles (9) represent a new, structurally novel class of anticonvulsant agents. Compounds of type 4 were prepared by Friedel-Crafts acylation of a 2-aroylpyrrole with an omega-chloroacyl chloride followed by displacement of the chloro group by a primary or secondary amine. Compounds of type 9 were prepared by Friedel-Crafts aroylation of a 2-(omega-chloroacyl)pyrrole followed by displacement by an amine. These compounds were active in the mouse and rat maximal electroshock tests but not in the mouse metrazole test. The lead compound, RWJ-37868, 2-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-4-(1-piperidinyl-acetyl)-1,3,5-trimethylpyrrole++ + (4d), showed potency and therapeutic index comparable to those of phenytoin and carbamazepine and greater than those of sodium valproate. This compound blocked bicuculline induced seizures, did not elevate seizure threshold following iv infusion of metrazole, and blocked influx of Ca2+ ions into cerebellar granule cells induced by K+ or veratridine.
Photocatalytic H2 production from H2S with new MoS2/ZnS photocatalysts (2013)

International @ EAU+DLO:GBE:EPU:PAF
Treatment of Vitiligo with a Topical Application of Pseudocatalase and Calcium in Combination with Short-Term UVB Exposure: A Case Study on 33 Patients (1995)

Thirty-three patients with the depigmentation disorder vitiligo were successfully treated with a new topical application of pseudocatalase, calcium and short-term UVB light exposure. First repigmentation occurred in the majority of cases after 2-4 months. Complete repigmentation on the face and dorsum of the hands appeared in 90% of the group. In all patients, active depigmentation was arrested. None of them developed new lesions during treatment. No recurrence of the disease was observed during a 2-year follow-up. The rationale for this pilot study originated from a recent understanding of vitiligo at the molecular level. The involved epidermis produces hydrogen peroxide due to defective tetrahydrobiopterin recycling and increased monoamine oxidase A activity, whereupon catalase is inactivated. In addition, calcium homeostasis is perturbed in the affected skin. The substitution for insufficient catalase by a pseudocatalase together with calcium and UVB exposure lead to effective repigmentation.
Integration of Plane Mode with Multiple Predictor Sets in Intra Prediction for video coding (2011)

Current default intra prediction method in the current test model for the next generation video coding standard JCT-VC, Unified Intra Prediction, has up to 33 directional modes and only one non-directional mode, which is Intra DC mode. Having only one non-directional mode is insufficient for maintaining accuracy on prediction units with complex texture. In this contribution, Plane Mode is integrated as an additional non-directional mode and an improved Multiple Predictor Set method is introduced; the proposed new method for intra mode prediction is used to obtain higher accuracy for intra mode prediction in video coding. Experimental results have shown that coding efficiency is improved with the proposed method.
Regularizing GRAPPA using simultaneous sparsity to recover de-noised images (2011)

To enable further acceleration of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, compressed sensing (CS) is combined with GRAPPA, a parallel imaging method, to reconstruct images from highly undersampled data with significantly improved RMSE compared to reconstructions using GRAPPA alone. This novel combination of GRAPPA and CS regularizes the GRAPPA kernel computation step using a simultaneous sparsity penalty function of the coil images. This approach can be implemented by formulating the problem as the joint optimization of the least squares fit of the kernel to the ACS lines and the sparsity of the images generated using GRAPPA with the kernel.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Oral Prodrugs Based on the Structure of Gemcitabine (2012)

A series of oral prodrugs based on the structure of gemcitabine (2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine) were synthesised by introducing an amide group at the N4-position of the cytidine ring. A total of 16 compounds were obtained, and their chemical and biological characteristics were evaluated. The half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) for most of these compounds were higher than that of gemcitabine in vitro. Compounds 5d and 5m, the representative compounds, were examined in terms of their physiological stabilities and pharmacokinetics. Compound 5d showed good stability in PBS and simulated intestinal fluid, and an analysis of its pharmacokinetics in mice suggested that the introduction of an amide group to gemcitabine could greatly improve its bioavailability. Further evaluation of compound 5d in vivo showed that this compound possesses higher activity than gemcitabine against the growth of HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells and HCT-116 colon adenocarcinoma cells with less toxicity to animals. These results suggest that compound 5d could be further developed as a potential oral anticancer agent for clinical applications in which gemcitabine is currently used.
The use of pronase-digested human leukocytes to improve specificity of the flow cytometric crossmatch (1995)

Abstract Two-color fluorescence cytometry (FCXM) has recently been introduced to improve the detection of anti-HLA antibodies that react to donor cells, especially in recipients receiving kidney allografts. Although this assay system is highly sensitive, it lacks specificity. Between 70% and 90% of potential kidney recipients with a positive FCXM would have been denied transplant if such an assay had been used alone to detect antidonor antibodies. Lack of specificity is principally due to normal or irrelevant IgG in aggregates or immune complexes binding to Fcy R receptors on lymphocytes including B cells and a significant subset of T cells. To circumvent this problem, we digested Fcy R receptors on lymphocytes with pronase. We present data demonstrating that pronase digestion of lymphocytes does not alter HLA antigenicity. In addition, pronased lymphocytes allow one to use either single- or two-color FCXM. With single-color FCXM, one can quantitate antibody reactivity to lymphocytes via a cursor (on the fluorescence histogram) that separates lymphocytes that do not bind to antibodies. We present data demonstrating that this modification renders FCXM highly sensitive and specific. In addition, one can discriminate between IgG and IgM antibodies that react to lymphocytes.
Engineered tendon with decellularized xenotendon slices and bone marrow stromal cells: an in vivo animal study (2011)

The purpose of this study was to investigate an engineered composite of multilayer acellular tendon slices seeded with bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) as a possible solution for tendon reconstruction. BMSCs were harvested from 15 rabbits and infraspinatus tendons were harvested from 17 dogs. The decellularized tendons were sectioned in longitudinal slices with a thickness of 50 µm. The BMSCs were seeded on the slices and then the slices were bundled into one composite. The composite was implanted into a rabbit patellar tendon defect. Tendon slices without BMSCs were implanted into the contralateral patellar tendon as a control. The composites were evaluated by histology and qRT-PCR. The viability of BMSCs was assessed using a fluorescent marker. Histology showed viable cells between the collagen fibres on the cell-seeded side. Analysis by qRT-PCR showed higher tenomodulin, collagen type III, MMP3 and MMP13 expressions and lower collagen type I expression in the cell-seeded composite than in the tendon slices without BMSCs. We conclude that BMSCs can survive in a multilayer composite, express a tendon phenotype and enhance the metabolism of tendon in vivo. This in vivo study suggests a potential utility of this composite in tendon reconstruction.