gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coronary artery tracking with rule-based gap closing (2011)

Coronary artery diseases are among the leading causes of death in the industrial countries.The high death rate leads to an increased demand of diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.Additional to the conventional coronary angiography, the CT angiography is mainly used in the extended diagnostics of coronary artery diseases.This modality allows a detailed assessment of the coronary vessels and potentially present stenoses.For supporting the radiologist during the evaluation of the coronary arteries by the help of computer-aided diagnostic methods, robust and efficient procedures for the tracking of coronary arteries are needed. List of Tables5.1 Summary of parameter values in implementation . . . . . . .5.2 Summary of connection rules .
Microwave-absorption properties of ZnO-coated iron nanocapsules (2008)

The electromagnetic (EM) characteristics of ZnO-coated Fe nanocapsules synthesized by arc discharging were studied at 2–18GHz. A reflection loss (RL) exceeding −20dB was obtained in the frequency range of 6.1–15.7GHz for an absorber thickness of 1.5–5mm. An optimal RL of −57.1dB was found at 7.8GHz for an absorber thickness of 3.00mm. The excellent microwave-absorption properties are a consequence of a proper EM match in the nano-microstructure, a strong natural resonance, as well as multipolarization mechanisms. ZnO-coated Fe nanocapsules may be attractive candidates for EM-wave-absorption materials.
Clonal Diversity and Turnover of <i>Streptococcus mitis</i> bv. 1 on Shedding and Nonshedding Oral Surfaces of Human Infants during the First Year of Life (2005)

Streptococcus mitis bv. 1 is a pioneer colonizer of the human oral cavity. Studies of its population dynamics within parents and their infants and within neonates have shown extensive diversity within and between subjects. We examined the genetic diversity and clonal turnover of S. mitis bv. 1 isolated from the cheeks, tongue, and primary incisors of four infants from birth to 1 year of age. In addition, we compared the clonotypes of S. mitis bv. 1 isolated from their mothers' saliva collected in parallel to determine whether the mother was the origin of the clones colonizing her infant. Of 859 isolates obtained from the infants, 568 were unique clones. Each of the surfaces examined, whether shedding or nonshedding, displayed the same degree of diversity. Among the four infants it was rare to detect the same clone colonizing more than one surface at a given visit. There was little evidence for persistence of clones, but when clones were isolated on multiple visits they were not always found on the same surface. A similar degree of clonal diversity of S. mitis bv. 1 was observed in the mothers' saliva as in their infants' mouths. Clones common to both infant and mothers' saliva were found infrequently suggesting that this is not the origin of the infants' clones. It is unclear whether mucosal immunity exerts the environmental pressure driving the genetic diversity and clonal turnover of S. mitis bv. 1, which may be mechanisms employed by this bacterium to evade immune elimination.
The Effectiveness of the Nicotine Patch for Smoking Cessation. A Meta-analysis (1995)

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine: October 1995 - Volume 37 - Issue 10 - p 1191
Defining Requirements and Related Methods for Designing Sensorized Garments (2016)

Designing smart garments has strong interdisciplinary implications, specifically related to user and technical requirements, but also because of the very different applications they have: medicine, sport and fitness, lifestyle monitoring, workplace and job conditions analysis, etc. This paper aims to discuss some user, textile, and technical issues to be faced in sensorized clothes development. In relation to the user, the main requirements are anthropometric, gender-related, and aesthetical. In terms of these requirements, the user's age, the target application, and fashion trends cannot be ignored, because they determine the compliance with the wearable system. Regarding textile requirements, functional factors-also influencing user comfort-are elasticity and washability, while more technical properties are the stability of the chemical agents' effects for preserving the sensors' efficacy and reliability, and assuring the proper duration of the product for the complete life cycle. From the technical side, the physiological issues are the most important: skin conductance, tolerance, irritation, and the effect of sweat and perspiration are key factors for reliable sensing. Other technical features such as battery size and duration, and the form factor of the sensor collector, should be considered, as they affect aesthetical requirements, which have proven to be crucial, as well as comfort and wearability.
How to Best Deploy Your Fog Applications, Probably (2017)

Deploying composite applications to Fog nodes in a QoS-and context-aware manner is challenging due to the heterogeneity and scale of Fog infrastructures. Application components must be provided with the software and hardware capabilities they need. Communication links that support interactions between components must meet certain QoS (latency and bandwidth). On the other hand, different Fog and Cloud nodes provide different software and hardware capabilities, and actual communication links support different QoS over time. In this paper we present a prototype (FogTorchII) capable of determining deployments of composite applications to Fog infrastructures, which fulfil software, hardware and QoS requirements. FogTorchII exploits Monte Carlo simulations to take into account possible variations of the QoS of communication links. It classifies eligible deployments both in terms of QoS-assurance and of Fog resource consumption. We illustrate the utility of FogTorchII over a motivating example where we compare different possible deployments for a smart agriculture application.
Toward Silicon Anodes for Next-Generation Lithium Ion Batteries: A Comparative Performance Study of Various Polymer Binders and Silicon Nanopowders (2013)

Silicon is widely regarded as one of the most promising anode materials for lithium ion and next-generation lithium batteries because of its high theoretical specific capacity. However, major issues arise from the large volume changes during alloying with lithium. In recent years, much effort has been spent on preparing nanostructured silicon and optimizing various aspects of material processing with the goal of preserving the electrode integrity upon lithiation/delithiation. The performance of silicon anodes is known to depend on a large number of parameters and, thus, the general definition of a "standard" is virtually impossible. In this work, we conduct a comparative performance study of silicon anode tapes prepared from commercially available materials while using both a well-defined electrode configuration and cycling method. Our results demonstrate that the polymer binder has a profound effect on the cell performance. Furthermore, we show that key parameters such as specific capacity, capacity retention, rate capability, and so forth can be strongly affected by the choice of silicon material, polymer binder and electrolyte system - even the formation of metastable crystalline Li15Si4 is found to depend on the electrode composition and low potential exposure time. Overall, the use of either poly(acrylic acid) with a viscosity-average molecular weight of 450.000 or poly(vinyl alcohol) Selvol 425 in combination with both silicon nanopowder containing a native oxide surface layer of ∼1 nm in diameter and with a monofluoroethylene carbonate-based electrolyte led to improved cycling stability at high loadings.
Selective reduction of saturated perfluorocarbons (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective reduction of saturated perfluorocarbonsJohn A. Marsella, Andrew G. Gilicinski, Anne M. Coughlin, and Guido P. PezCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 10, 2856–2860Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00036a019https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00036a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views942Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ubiquitin-specific protease 28 is overexpressed in human glioblastomas and contributes to glioma tumorigenicity by regulating MYC expression (2015)

The transcription factor MYC, which is dysregulated in the majority of gliomas, is difficult to target directly. Deubiquitinase ubiquitin-specific protease 28 (USP28) stabilizes oncogenic factors, including MYC. However, the contribution of USP28 in tumorigenesis, particularly in glioma, is unknown. Here, we determined the expression of USP28 and assessed its clinical significance in human glioma. We found that USP28 is overexpressed in human glioma but not in normal brain tissue. The level of USP28 protein expression in human glioma tissues was directly correlated with glioma grade. Meanwhile, the level of USP28 protein expression in human glioblastoma tissues was inversely correlated with patient survival. Enforced USP28 expression promotes SW1783 glioma cell proliferation. Moreover, gliomas that arose from USP28-transfected SW1783 cells displayed tumorigenicity in nude mouse model systems. Inhibition of USP28 expression in glioblastoma U373 cells suppressed anchorage-independent growth in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo. Furthermore, USP28 regulates the expression of MYC protein, which is essential in USP28-induced cell growth in glioma cells. These results showed that USP28 is overexpressed in human glioblastomas and it contributes to glioma tumorigenicity. Therefore, USP28 could be a new target of therapy for human malignant glioma.
Stabilization of unstable steady states in an electrochemical system using derivative control (1994)

We report the stabilization of an unstable fixed point in both an electrochemical experiment and a model for electrochemical corrosion using a small control signal proportional to the derivative of a measurable function of system variables. Spontaneous periodic oscillations observed during the potentio- static electrodissolution of a rotating copper disk in a sodium acetate--acetic acid buffer were suppressed to steady state behavior by adding to the anodic potential a feedback term proportional to the derivative of the electrical current passing through the cell. A general discussion of derivative control strategies shows that the steady state fixed points are left unchanged while, at the same time, the stability of the fixed points can be altered. We also show that, in general, the dimension of the state space of the system is increased when a derivative control strategy is applied.
Global gene expression profiling of somatic motor neuron populations with different vulnerability identify molecules and pathways of degeneration and protection (2010)

Different somatic motor neuron subpopulations show a differential vulnerability to degeneration in diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spinal muscular atrophy and spinobulbar muscular atrophy. Studies in mutant superoxide dismutase 1 over-expressing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis model mice indicate that initiation of disease is intrinsic to motor neurons, while progression is promoted by astrocytes and microglia. Therefore, analysis of the normal transcriptional profile of motor neurons displaying differential vulnerability to degeneration in motor neuron disease could give important clues to the mechanisms of relative vulnerability. Global gene expression profiling of motor neurons isolated by laser capture microdissection from three anatomical nuclei of the normal rat, oculomotor/trochlear (cranial nerve 3/4), hypoglossal (cranial nerve 12) and lateral motor column of the cervical spinal cord, displaying differential vulnerability to degeneration in motor neuron disorders, identified enriched transcripts for each neuronal subpopulation. There were striking differences in the regulation of genes involved in endoplasmatic reticulum and mitochondrial function, ubiquitination, apoptosis regulation, nitrogen metabolism, calcium regulation, transport, growth and RNA processing; cellular pathways that have been implicated in motor neuron diseases. Confirmation of genes of immediate biological interest identified differential localization of insulin-like growth factor II, guanine deaminase, peripherin, early growth response 1, soluble guanylate cyclase 1A3 and placental growth factor protein. Furthermore, the cranial nerve 3/4-restricted genes insulin-like growth factor II and guanine deaminase protected spinal motor neurons from glutamate-induced toxicity (P < 0.001, ANOVA), indicating that our approach can identify factors that protect or make neurons more susceptible to degeneration.
Adipogenic, Chondrogenic and Osteogenic Differentiation of Clonally Derived Human Dermal Fibroblasts (2009)

The apparent need of an autologous cell source for tissue engineering applications has led researchers to explore the presence of cells with stem cell plasticity in several human tissues. Dermal fibroblasts (FBs) are easy to harvest, expand in vitro and store, rendering them plausible candidates for cell-based therapies. The aim of the present study was to observe the effects of adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic induction media on the phenotype of human FBs. Human preadipocytes obtained from fat tissue have been proposed as an adult stem cell source with suitable characteristics, and were used as control cells in regard to their differentiation potential. Routine staining, immunohistochemical analysis and alkaline phosphatase assay were employed, in order to study the phenotypic shift. FBs were shown to possess multilineage potential, giving rise to fat-, cartilage- and bone-like cells. To exclude contaminant progenitor cells or cell fusion giving rise to tissue with adipocyte-, chondrocyte- and osteoblast-like cells, single-cell cloning was performed. Single-cell-cloned FBs (sccFBs) displayed a similar differentiation potential as primary-culture FBs. The presence of 'stem-cell-specific' surface antigens was analyzed using flow cytometry. The results reveal that sccFBs have several of the markers associated with cells exhibiting stem cell plasticity. The findings presented here are corroborated by the findings of other groups, and suggest the use of human dermal FBs in cell-based therapies for the reconstruction of fat, cartilage and bone.
Collision-free Operation in High Density WLAN Deployments (2016)

WiFi's popularity has led to crowded scenarios composed of many Access Points (AP) and clients, often operating on overlapping channels, producing interference that gravely degrades performance. This misallocation of resources is often the result of multiple WLANs ownership, that is, networks are frequently setup automatically without considering neighbouring APs. In this work we overview the effect of Overlapping BSS (OBSS) from the perspective of the MAC layer, taking special interest on describing the advantages of eliminating collisions with Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Enhanced Collision Avoidance (CSMA/ECA). We propose a single Access Point (AP) and several multi-AP scenarios, including the residential building example proposed for testing the upcoming IEEE 802.11ax amendment. Results using the first NS-3 implementation of CSMA/ECA reveal the advantage of CSMA/ECA's deterministic backoff contention technique, confirming its suitability for very crowded scenarios.
Chemically Exfoliated MoS<sub>2</sub> as Near‐Infrared Photothermal Agents (2013)

Two-dimensional bio-dynamite: Chemically exfoliated MoS2 (ceMoS2), a water-dispersible sheet-like material, is an efficient near-infrared (NIR) photothermal transducer. The superior bio-supramolecular properties of ceMoS2 and the ability of this material to destroy biomolecular targets through near-infrared (NIR) photothermal transduction were studied (see picture).
Improving radiation hardness of EEPROM/flash cell by N<sub>2</sub>O annealing (1998)

The effects of an N/sub 2/O anneal on the radiation effects of a split-gate electrical erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM)/flash cell with a recently-proposed horn-shaped floating gate were studied. We have found that although the cells appear to survive 1 Mrad(Si) Co/sup 60/ irradiation without data retention failure, the write/erase cycling endurance was severely impeded after irradiation. Specifically, the write/erase cycling endurance was degraded to 20 K from the pre-irradiation value of 50 K. However, by adding an N/sub 2/O annealing step after the interpoly oxidation, the after-irradiation write/erase cycling endurance of the resultant cell can be significantly improved to over 45 K. N/sub 2/O annealing also improves the after-irradiation program and erase efficiencies. The N/sub 2/O annealing step therefore presents a potential method for enhancing the robustness of the horn-shaped floating-gate EEPROM/flash cells for radiation-hard applications.
Joint Transaction-Image Steganography for High Capacity Covert Communication (2019)

Conventional secret communications suffer from communication channel insecurity and lack of secrecy. Blockchain-based steganography comes up by proposing secure communication channel with the expense of low message capacity. In this paper, we propose joint steganography by utilizing blockchain-based transaction steganography and image steganography to achieve both advantages: a secure and secret communication medium that also possess a high capacity. We use image steganography to store the real hidden message while transaction steganography stores only the instruction manual to retrieve the stegano-image. We proposed group encoding and multi-field embedding to improve the capacity and robustness of transaction steganography. As a result, the joint method can achieve a high message capacity of ≈ 759 KB. The method also retaining the natural transaction pattern without generating anomalous transactions number.
Studying daily behavior patterns using fuzzy networks (2016)

Ubiquitous systems use context information and observed human patterns to dynamically change appliance behavior to human needs in today's world. We would like to comment that resources, infrastructures and applications supporting these two, keep on changing as per dynamic changes in environment. We have tried to cover reasoning patterns and after watching carefully some happening events, to predict something in future about the user that is being observed and monitored. We may get surprising welcome results, if the appliance can make an idea about the user's desires and acts proactively. Although it, is very difficult to deduce future desires of an individual, looking back at his/her life logging details, despite the fact that this deduction also intrudes into privacy aspects. Our pervasive computing framework, Behavior Context Memory(BCM), will allow different observations to get shaped as well as to reason about uncertain situations in today's world using fuzzy logic. The outcome of our framework, Behavior Context Memory(BCM), is given in terms of some fuzzy service model for a person observing different people nearby and keeping in mind some noticeable events.
Fast Computation of the Difference of Low-Pass Transform (1984)

This paper defines the difference of low-pass (DOLP) transform and describes a fast algorithm for its computation. The DOLP is a reversible transform which converts an image into a set of bandpass images. A DOLP transform is shown to require O(N2) multiplies and produce O(N log(N)) samples from an N sample image. When Gaussian low-pass filters are used, the result is a set of images which have been convolved with difference of Gaussian (DOG) filters from an exponential set of sizes. A fast computation technique based on ``resampling'' is described and shown to reduce the DOLP transform complexity to O(N log(N)) multiplies and O(N) storage locations. A second technique, ``cascaded convolution with expansion,'' is then defined and also shown to reduce the computational cost to O(N log(N)) multiplies. Combining these two techniques yields an algorithm for a DOLP transform that requires O(N) storage cells and requires O(N) multiplies.
Current status of acute spinal cord injury pathophysiology and emerging therapies: promise on the horizon (2008)

This review summarizes the current understanding of spinal cord injury pathophysiology and discusses important emerging regenerative approaches that have been translated into clinical trials or have a strong potential to do so. The pathophysiology of spinal cord injury involves a primary mechanical injury that directly disrupts axons, blood vessels, and cell membranes. This primary mechanical injury is followed by a secondary injury phase involving vascular dysfunction, edema, ischemia, excitotoxicity, electrolyte shifts, free radical production, inflammation, and delayed apoptotic cell death. Following injury, the mammalian central nervous system fails to adequately regenerate due to intrinsic inhibitory factors expressed on central myelin and the extracellular matrix of the posttraumatic gliotic scar. Regenerative approaches to block inhibitory signals including Nogo and the Rho-Rho-associated kinase pathways have shown promise and are in early stages of clinical evaluation. Cell-based strategies including using neural stem cells to remyelinate spared axons are an attractive emerging approach.
Clinical Intervention Prediction and Understanding using Deep Networks (2017)

Real-time prediction of clinical interventions remains a challenge within intensive care units (ICUs). This task is complicated by data sources that are noisy, sparse, heterogeneous and outcomes that are imbalanced. In this paper, we integrate data from all available ICU sources (vitals, labs, notes, demographics) and focus on learning rich representations of this data to predict onset and weaning of multiple invasive interventions. In particular, we compare both long short-term memory networks (LSTM) and convolutional neural networks (CNN) for prediction of five intervention tasks: invasive ventilation, non-invasive ventilation, vasopressors, colloid boluses, and crystalloid boluses. Our predictions are done in a forward-facing manner to enable "real-time" performance, and predictions are made with a six hour gap time to support clinically actionable planning. We achieve state-of-the-art results on our predictive tasks using deep architectures. We explore the use of feature occlusion to interpret LSTM models, and compare this to the interpretability gained from examining inputs that maximally activate CNN outputs. We show that our models are able to significantly outperform baselines in intervention prediction, and provide insight into model learning, which is crucial for the adoption of such models in practice.