gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of high moisture extrusion cooking on protein–protein interactions of pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i> L.) protein isolates (2015)

Summary This study focuses on protein alterations in fibrous meat substitutes produced by high moisture extrusion cooking of pea protein isolates. Three commercially available pea protein isolates and their respective extrudates were evaluated regarding their amino acid composition, molecular weight distribution and protein–protein interactions. Extrusion had no effect on the degree of hydrolysis and amino acid composition indicating that the thermal and mechanical energy during extrusion did not cause the formation of peptide bonds or the degradation of amino acids due to Maillard reactions. Decrease of protein solubilised from extrudates in a buffered solution containing urea indicated that the structural integrity of extrudates could be attributed mainly to covalent disulphide bonding and, to a smaller extent, to non‐covalent interactions. Additionally, the disappearance of legumin bands in extrudates as determined by electrophoresis could be explained by its participation in a macromolecular network that was aggregated and cross‐linked via disulphide bonds. This study contributes to a better understanding of the way the proteins interact during extrusion of pea protein isolates.
Resonant DC/DC converter with class-E inverter and class-E rectifier (1989)

A new type of high-frequency high-efficiency resonant DC/DC converter is proposed, analyzed, and verified experimentally. It is called a class-E converter because it consists of a class-E inverter and a class-E rectifier. The class-E rectifier acts as an impedance inverter and is compatible with the class-E inverter. Consequently, the converter can operate with load resistances from a full load to infinity while maintaining zero-voltage switching of the transistor in the inverter and the diode in the rectifier. It operates safely with a short circuit at the output. Because of a high value of the load quality factor Q/sub 1/, a narrow frequency range suffices to regulate the DC output voltage over the whole load range. The measured relative bandwidth was delta f/f/sub min/=42.2% as the load resistance was varied from 70 Omega to open circuit. The measured efficiency at the full load was 89% with a 9 W output power at 1 MHz. A family of class-E/sup 2/ resonant DC/DC power converters is given. The possibility of reduction of class-E/sup 2/ converters to lower-order resonant and pulse-width-modulation converters is shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
VoxelPose: Towards Multi-Camera 3D Human Pose Estimation in Wild Environment (2020)

We present an approach to estimate 3D poses of multiple people from multiple camera views. In contrast to the previous efforts which require to establish cross-view correspondence based on noisy and incomplete 2D pose estimations, we present an end-to-end solution which directly operates in the $3$D space, therefore avoids making incorrect decisions in the 2D space. To achieve this goal, the features in all camera views are warped and aggregated in a common 3D space, and fed into Cuboid Proposal Network (CPN) to coarsely localize all people. Then we propose Pose Regression Network (PRN) to estimate a detailed 3D pose for each proposal. The approach is robust to occlusion which occurs frequently in practice. Without bells and whistles, it outperforms the state-of-the-arts on the public datasets. Code will be released at https://github.com/microsoft/multiperson-pose-estimation-pytorch.
Further developments of pressure sensitive paint (OPMS) for non flat models in steady transonic flow and unsteady conditions (2002)

To achieve the calibration of pressure-sensitive paint of a coated model in the wind-tunnel, using the pixel by pixel calibration, a resolution of absolute pressure up to 2 mbar in comparison to the conventional PSI technique is possible. However, this is only achieved by using an image processing method for removing image distortions, and recording the surface temperature of the model simultaneously. In this case an angular influence of illumination or the resulting emission will be compensated automatically. The results obtained show that in the immediate future the range of application will extend from subsonic, into the hypersonic regime. Furthermore the simultaneous recording of surface temperature will play an increasing role, since then it also becomes possible to evaluate wall shear stress. For exact measurements of unsteady flows a first step was made to acquire periodic flow phenomena. The use of extremely sensitive, low-noise video cameras will certainly allow surface pressure measurement of such processes in the future.
High affinity binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein enhances ACE2 carboxypeptidase activity (2020)

A novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged to a global pandemic and caused significant damages to public health. Human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2) was identified as the entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2. As a carboxypeptidase, ACE2 cleaves many biological substrates besides Ang II to control vasodilatation and permeability. Given the nanomolar high affinity between ACE2 and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, we wonder how this interaction would affect the enzymatic activity of ACE2. Surprisingly, SARS-CoV-2 trimeric spike protein increased ACE2 proteolytic activity ~3-10 fold when fluorogenic caspase-1 substrate and Bradykinin-analog peptides were used to characterize ACE2 activity. In addition, the enhancement was mediated by ACE2 binding of RBD domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike. These results highlighted the altered activity of ACE2 during SARS-CoV-2 infection and would shed new lights on the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and its complications for better treatments.
The Effect of Email Invitation Customization on Survey Completion Rates in an Internet Panel: A Meta-analysis of 10 Public Affairs Surveys (2015)

In online panels, members are accustomed to receiving electronic requests to complete a survey. The purpose of this research is to examine how the subject and body of email in-vitations to complete online surveys affect the completion rates in samples from a nation-ally representative probability-based Internet survey panel. Specifically, the intention is to investigate the effect of a customized (study-specific) versus a generic email invitation on survey completion rates, and how the topic of the survey may change this effect. Ten experiments, in which respondents were randomly assigned to a customized or generic email invitation group, were conducted between 2008 and early 2009 using Knowledge-Panel ® respondents. Each survey had a different topic, and the results show that generic and custom email invitations elicit similar completion rates. To summarize the experi-ments, we used meta-analysis statistics, which most aptly fit our research question. The results are discussed in light of current theories of survey participation.
ChemInform Abstract: Some New Thiazole Derivatives from Dihydrochalcones. (1986)

Abstract Thiazoles of type (III), (V), (VII) and (IX) are synthesized Starting from the chalcones (I) and tested for their biological activities.
The Technique for Growth Plate Sparing in Soft-Tissue Sarcoma Around the Knee (1997)

Summary: Amputation in a growing child should be performed through a joint and not above or below a joint, as is commonly the case in an adult. We describe a technique for performing a through-knee amputation in a situation in which a soft-tissue sarcoma involved a leg, reaching up to the knee joint. Soft-tissue dissection was performed above the knee, leaving a safe zone from the tumor. The distal femur was dissected free of all attachments to the tibia and leg, leaving it intact but protruding from the soft-tissue sleeve of the thigh. To be able to close the stump over the protruding distal femur, the femur was shortened in the metaphysodiaphyseal area. Follow-up over 3 years shows a good through-knee stump, tumor free, and a normal distal growth plate.
YB-1 is a Transcription/Translation Factor that Orchestrates the Oncogenome by Hardwiring Signal Transduction to Gene Expression. (2007)

The Y-box Binding Protein-1 (YB-1) is a highly conserved oncogenic transcription/translation factor that is expressed in cancers affecting adults and children. It is now believed that YB-1 plays a causal role in the development of cancer given recent work showing that its expression drives the tumorigenesis in the mammary gland. In human breast cancers, YB-1 is associated with rapidly proliferating tumors that are highly aggressive. Moreover, expression of YB-1 promotes the growth of breast cancer cell lines both in monolayer and anchorage independent conditions. The involvement of YB-1 in breast cancer pathogenesis has made it a putative therapeutic target; however, the mechanism(s) that regulate YB-1 are poorly understood. This review first describes the oncogenic properties of YB-1 in cancer. It also highlights the importance of YB-1 in hardwiring signal transduction pathways to the regulation of genes involved in the development of cancer.
Electron emission by long and short wavelength lasers: Essentials for the design of plasmonic photocathodes (2018)

The theory of electron emission by metallic photocathodes under the exposure of long wavelength lasers will be studied. Photon energy in long wavelength lasers is less than the work function of the photocathode's material and can only emit electrons via tunneling through the potential barrier. The optical resonance effects (e.g., plasmonic resonances) will be studied as an improvement to the performance of photocathodes. This paper is intended to provide self-sufficient materials to design optical resonant surfaces (e.g., metasurfaces) for electron emission applications.
Microcomputers and Modern Control Engineering (1983)

Health authorities need to engage with representatives of PCP to evaluate policies for pandemic planning and management. Adequate support and protection for PCP during different stages of pandemic management should be provided. What is known about the topic? During the influenza pandemic 2009/A/H1N1, the main burden of diagnosing and managing the patients fell on PCP. The prominent role of PCP in the 2009/A/H1N1 pandemic presents an excellent opportunity to investigate implications of pandemic policies for primary care and to tackle the possible problems that these policies may impose on the ability of PCP to effectively participate in the public health response. What does this paper add? This paper examines policies that affected the roles of PCP in managing the influenza pandemic 2009/A/H1N1 in three countries: Australia, Israel and England. Although general evaluations of the pandemic response in different countries have previously been reported, this is the first study that focuses on policies for pandemic management at the primary care level. What are the implications for practitioners? Practitioners (PCP and primary care workers in general) would benefit if pandemic preparedness plans were constructed to provide an adequate system of support and protection to primary care workers during different stages of pandemic management. For policy makers, this analysis may help to overhaul the strategies for primary care engagement in the pandemic response.
ChemInform Abstract: Morphine Alkaloids. Part 138. The First Preparation of 6β‐Bromocodeine and Morphine Derivatives. Kinetic vs. Thermodynamic Control. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Hash based intra string copy for HEVC based screen content coding (2015)

Block matching used in traditional hybrid coding, like intra block copy (IBC), is not always efficient to code similar or identical pattern within a picture, since they use 2-D pattern of only a few fixed sizes. To improve the coding efficiency of such repeated pattern with a flexible size, an intra string copy method is proposed in this paper. The proposed string copy is flexible in the sense that it allows string matching of variable sizes and shapes. For the matched strings, the relative distance from reference sample position to current sample position is coded as well as the matching length. To enable fast encoder search, hash function is employed to quickly identify the reference pixels in the previously coded areas by hash lookup table. Moreover, the string matching is applied not only the previously coded CUs but also the current CU. The simulation results report that the proposed method achieves 12.3% and 11% BD-rate savings for 1080P RGB and YUV respectively in full frame IBC condition.
Analyses of <i>GA20ox</i>‐ and <i>GID1</i>‐over‐expressing aspen suggest that gibberellins play two distinct roles in wood formation (2009)

Gibberellins (GAs) are involved in many aspects of plant development, including shoot growth, flowering and wood formation. Increased levels of bioactive GAs are known to induce xylogenesis and xylem fiber elongation in aspen. However, there is currently little information on the response pathway(s) that mediate GA effects on wood formation. Here we characterize an important element of the GA pathway in hybrid aspen: the GA receptor, GID1. Four orthologs of GID1 were identified in Populus tremula x P. tremuloides (PttGID1.1-1.4). These were functional when expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana, and appear to present a degree of sub-functionalization in hybrid aspen. PttGID1.1 and PttGID1.3 were over-expressed in independent lines of hybrid aspen using either the 35S promoter or a xylem-specific promoter (LMX5). The 35S:PttGID1 over-expressors shared several phenotypic traits previously described in 35S:AtGA20ox1 over-expressors, including rapid growth, increased elongation, and increased xylogenesis. However, their xylem fibers were not elongated, unlike those of 35S:AtGA20ox1 plants. Similar differences in the xylem fiber phenotype were observed when PttGID1.1, PttGID1.3 or AtGA20ox1 were expressed under the control of the LMX5 promoter, suggesting either that PttGID1.1 and PttGID1.3 play no role in fiber elongation or that GA homeostasis is strongly controlled when GA signaling is altered. Our data suggest that GAs are required in two distinct wood-formation processes that have tissue-specific signaling pathways: xylogenesis, as mediated by GA signaling in the cambium, and fiber elongation in the developing xylem.
Ectopic Expression of the Petunia MADS Box Gene <i>UNSHAVEN</i> Accelerates Flowering and Confers Leaf-Like Characteristics to Floral Organs in a Dominant-Negative Manner[W] (2004)

Several genes belonging to the MADS box transcription factor family have been shown to be involved in the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth. The Petunia hybrida MADS box gene UNSHAVEN (UNS) shares sequence similarity with the Arabidopsis thaliana flowering gene SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1, is expressed in vegetative tissues, and is downregulated upon floral initiation and the formation of floral meristems. To understand the role of UNS in the flowering process, knockout mutants were identified and UNS was expressed ectopically in petunia and Arabidopsis. No phenotype was observed in petunia plants in which UNS was disrupted by transposon insertion, indicating that its function is redundant. Constitutive expression of UNS leads to an acceleration of flowering and to the unshaven floral phenotype, which is characterized by ectopic trichome formation on floral organs and conversion of petals into organs with leaf-like features. The same floral phenotype, accompanied by a delay in flowering, was obtained when a truncated version of UNS, lacking the MADS box domain, was introduced. We demonstrated that the truncated protein is not translocated to the nucleus. Using the overexpression approach with both the full-length and the nonfunctional truncated UNS protein, we could distinguish between phenotypic alterations because of a dominant-negative action of the protein and because of its native function in promoting floral transition.
A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Various Topical Treatment Modalities for Alopecia Areata (2012)

Among the various topical modalities used for the treatment of AA, the most effective are the Intralesional and Topical steroids with no significant side-effects.
Pulmonary Textures Classification Using A Deep Neural Network with Appearance and Geometry Cues (2018)

Classification of pulmonary textures on CT images is essential for the development of a computer-aided diagnosis system of diffuse lung diseases. In this paper, we propose a novel method to classify pulmonary textures by using a deep neural network, which can make full use of appearance and geometry cues of textures via a dual-branch architecture. The proposed method has been evaluated by a dataset that includes seven kinds of typical pulmonary textures. Experimental results show that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods including feature engineering based method and convolutional neural network based method.
Glatiramer Acetate Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: An Immunological Perspective (2011)

Glatiramer acetate (GA) has been used as an immunomodulatory agent for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) in the United States since 1996. It is currently one of two first-line agents for use in the treatment of relapsing-remitting MS. GA was the first agent to be used in the treatment of MS that was developed using the animal model of MS called experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. In this commentary, we examine the development of GA as a treatment for MS and discuss its mechanism of action as suggested by recent studies using modern immunologic methods.
On etching very narrow grooves in silicon (1975)

The etch rate on the {110} is shown to be at least 400 times faster than that on the {111} using 44% KOH : H2O at a temperature of 85 °C and below. A model is presented which attributes essentially all the etching on the near {111} planes to the misorientation ledges. Grooves of 0.6−μm width and 44−μm depth have been produced. Such grooves have been used to make high−value SiO2 capacitors and vertical multijunction solar cells.
An energy-efficient 10T SRAM-based FIFO memory operating in near-/sub-threshold regions (2011)

In this paper, an ultra-low power (ULP) 16Kb SRAM-based first-in first-out (FIFO) memory is proposed for wireless body area networks (WBANs). The proposed FIFO memory is capable of operating in ultra-low voltage (ULV) regime with high variation immunity. An ULP near-/sub-threshold 10 transistors (10T) SRAM bit-cell is proposed to be the storage element for improving write variation in ULV regime and eliminate the data-dependent bit-line leakage. The proposed SRAM-based FIFO memory also features adaptive power control circuit, counter-based pointers, and a smart replica read/write control unit. The proposed FIFO is implemented to achieve a minimum operating voltage of 400mV in UMC 90nm CMOS technology. The write power is 2.09μW at 50kHz and the read power is 2.25μW at 625kHz.
The VARI FLO™ Motor: A New Mud Motor Concept, its Design, Development and Applications (1993)

Abstract The VARI FLO™ Motor was developed to provide the industry with a downhole motor to meet the ever increasing demands of today's drilling requirements It is recognised that there is a requirement for a source of downhole motor power, which suffers less from the effects of heat and modem corrosive drilling fluids, whilst simultaneously offering a shorter motor for directional drilling applications. Our Motor is a Vane type, positive displacement motor, built without the use of rubber in the working parts. The construction of vane or in our case roller type motors are as the Moyneau motor, simple devices. However due to the somewhat ‘interfering’ fit between rotor and stator, Moyneau motors are somewhat difficult to take apart in particular when one also takes the greater length and weight into account. The motor assembly is the only part which is conceptually different from present motor designs and you will find a diagram attached to this paper. (Figure 1)
Neural 3D Scene Reconstruction with the Manhattan-world Assumption (2022)

This paper addresses the challenge of reconstructing 3D indoor scenes from multi-view images. Many previous works have shown impressive reconstruction results on textured objects, but they still have difficulty in handling low-textured planar regions, which are common in indoor scenes. An approach to solving this issue is to incorporate planer constraints into the depth map estimation in multi-view stereo-based methods, but the per-view plane estimation and depth optimization lack both efficiency and multi-view consistency. In this work, we show that the planar constraints can be conveniently integrated into the recent implicit neural representation-based reconstruction methods. Specifically, we use an MLP network to represent the signed distance function as the scene geometry. Based on the Manhattan-world assumption, planar constraints are employed to regularize the geometry in floor and wall regions predicted by a 2D semantic segmentation network. To resolve the inaccurate segmentation, we encode the semantics of 3D points with another MLP and design a novel loss that jointly optimizes the scene geometry and semantics in 3D space. Experiments on ScanNet and 7-Scenes datasets show that the proposed method outperforms previous methods by a large margin on 3D reconstruction quality. The code is available at https://zju3dv.github.io/manhattan_sdf.
MOBILE DEVICE AND INTELLIGENT DISPLAY INTERACTION VIA SCALE-INVARIANT IMAGE FEATURE MATCHING (2011)

We present further developments of our system that allows direction interaction between a camera-equipped hand-held device and a remote display. The essence of this system is the ability to estimate a planar projectivity between the remote display and the displayed image of that display on the handheld device. We describe how to achieve this by matching scale invariant SURF features across the two displays (remote and hand-held). We implement a prototype system and a drawing application and conduct both performance and usability evaluations. The feedback given indicates that our system is responsive, accurate and easy to use.
Large‐scale source‐grid‐load friendly interactive system introduction and real load shedding verification test technology (2019)

On the basis of briefly analysing the construction background, systemic function, and practice situation of large‐scale source‐grid load friendly interactive system and introducing real load shedding verification of the system, this paper proposed an effective strategy validation technique based on preset instruction release mode, a time test method of real load shedding control command transmission according to global GPS clock synchronisation technology, and a frequency measurement method according to zero‐crossing detection and digital filter technology. These methods can accurately measure the system's control time and dynamic frequency on real load shedding. The real experimental results verified that quick load shedding time and frequency control effect when DC‐blocking fault happens meet system expectations. It effectively verified the function design of large‐scale source‐grid‐load friendly interactive system.