gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recent Developments and Novel Applications of Thin Film, Light‐Emitting Transistors (2019)

Abstract Light‐emitting field‐effect transistors (LEFETs) combine switching and amplification with light emission and thus represent an interesting optoelectronic device. They are not limited anymore to a few examples and specific materials but are nearly universal for a wide range of semiconductors, from organic to inorganic and nanoscale. This review introduces the basic working principles of lateral unipolar and ambipolar LEFETs and discusses recent examples based on various solution‐processed semiconducting materials. Applications beyond simple light emission are presented and possible future directions for light‐emitting transistors with added functionalities are outlined.
PyGB: GraphBLAS DSL in Python with Dynamic Compilation Into Efficient C++ (2018)

We present PyGB, a high-level Python domainspecific language (DSL) for GraphBLAS building blocks for graph algorithms. GraphBLAS is based on a small number of linear algebra operations, and it is described using mathematical notation and concepts. However, the concrete realizations of GraphBLAS concentrate on efficiency and widely usable programming interfaces. The GraphBLAS C language API standardized by the GraphBLAS Forum is the major example of such a realization, and our GraphBLAS Template Library (GBTL) implemented in the C++ language is another. PyGB exposes the \cpp interface of GBTL through a DSL that leverages Python's mature scientific computing ecosystem and high-level syntax. The syntax of PyGB more closely resembles the GraphBLAS mathematical notation than GBTL. The DSL dispatches to dynamically compiled templated classes to achieve comparable performance to the native GBTL code. We highlight the features of PyGB through code examples and discuss how Python's syntax and dynamic execution enable us to provide the high-level abstraction with minimal performance penalty. We demonstrate the stages of execution, from type inference to template compilation, to dynamic linking and invocation from the Python interpreter. Our experimental evaluation shows that for sufficiently large inputs, the overhead of PyGB is negligible and compilation times are not worse than for native GBTL implementation. Last, we outline concrete features we plan to implement in the future to extend PyGB.
Robust Regression Applied to Optical-Fiber Dimensional Quality Control (1997)

To minimize coupling losses when low-cost connectors are used to mate optical fibers, manufacturers need to maintain tight control of fiber dimensions. The video-microscope, or gray-scale, method is the most frequently used technique on the manufacturing floor for measuring the geometric parameters of the cleaved end of a telecommunications fiber. We present a method for performing optical-fiber dimensional quality control that allows for end face damage and accounts for the special structure of measurement errors in fiber edge points calculated from gray-scale images. The new approach adheres to the industrial standard test procedure by fitting an ellipse to the edge table to obtain geometric measurements. But, to create high-breakdown resistance to outliers, a data filter based on the least median of squares criterion is used.
Subpicosecond fiber-based soliton-tuned mid-infrared source in the 97–149 μm wavelength region (2010)

We present a fiber-based mid-IR source of ultrafast laser pulses tunable in the 9.7-14.9 microm spectral region based on difference-frequency mixing between an Er:fiber laser and a first-order frequency-shifted soliton pulse. We have measured subpicosecond pulses at a repetition rate of 37 MHz, with a maximum power of 1.5 microW.
Direct spectroscopic evidence for a deuterium solvent effect on the lifetime of singlet oxygen in water (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect spectroscopic evidence for a deuterium solvent effect on the lifetime of singlet oxygen in waterTakashi. Kajiwara and David R. KearnsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 18, 5886–5890Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00799a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00799a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views276Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evidence for hormonal control of heart regenerative capacity during endothermy acquisition (2019)

Tissue regenerative potential displays striking divergence across phylogeny and ontogeny, but the underlying mechanisms remain enigmatic. Loss of mammalian cardiac regenerative potential correlates with cardiomyocyte cell-cycle arrest and polyploidization as well as the development of postnatal endothermy. We reveal that diploid cardiomyocyte abundance across 41 species conforms to Kleiber's law-the ¾-power law scaling of metabolism with bodyweight-and inversely correlates with standard metabolic rate, body temperature, and serum thyroxine level. Inactivation of thyroid hormone signaling reduces mouse cardiomyocyte polyploidization, delays cell-cycle exit, and retains cardiac regenerative potential in adults. Conversely, exogenous thyroid hormones inhibit zebrafish heart regeneration. Thus, our findings suggest that loss of heart regenerative capacity in adult mammals is triggered by increasing thyroid hormones and may be a trade-off for the acquisition of endothermy.
An absolute distance interferometer with two external cavity diode lasers (2008)

An absolute interferometer for length measurements in the range of several metres has been developed. The use of two external cavity diode lasers allows the implementation of a two-step procedure which combines the length measurement with a variable synthetic wavelength and its interpolation with a fixed synthetic wavelength. This synthetic wavelength is obtained at 42 m by a modulation-free stabilization of both lasers to Doppler-reduced rubidium absorption lines. A stable reference interferometer is used as length standard. Different contributions to the total measurement uncertainty are discussed. It is shown that the measurement uncertainty can considerably be reduced by correcting the influence of vibrations on the measurement result and by applying linear regression to the quadrature signals of the absolute interferometer and the reference interferometer. The comparison of the absolute interferometer with a counting interferometer for distances up to 2 m results i n a linearity error of 0.4 m in good agreement with an estimation of the measurement uncertainty.
Brazilian North-South Interconnection control-application and operating experience with a TCSC (2003)

This paper aims at presenting part of the results of field tests performed in order to put a thyristor controlled series compensation (TCSC) in commercial operation in the Brazilian North-South Interconnection. It also presents a summary of the background that supported the task of locating and designing a TCSC to damp the North-South low frequency inter-area oscillation mode. It deals with a pioneer commercial TCSC application in a very important step of the Brazilian power system expansion. The North/South Interconnection, a single 500 kV compact transmission line (4/spl times/954 MCM bundle), 1020 km long, was energized at the beginning of 1999 and has been in reliable operation since then. It is dimensioned to transmit up to 1300 MW, with suitable operation being required from no load up to maximum flow in both directions. A TCSC control system suitable for transient and dynamic stability analysis was designed and, together with extensive study results, formed the basis for the equipment specification and its location along the interconnection. The utilization of two small TCSCs (6% compensation each) proved to be very effective in damping the poorly-damped 0.2 Hz inter-area mode. This paper focuses on the TCSC installed at Imperatriz, a substation in the North system (Eletronorte system). The tests performed during the commissioning clearly confirmed the effectiveness of the TCSC in damping the power oscillations.
Tradeoffs Between Low Complexity, Low Latency, and Fairness With Deficit Round-Robin Schedulers (2004)

Deficit Round-Robin (DRR) is a scheduling algorithm devised for providing fair queueing in the presence of variable length packets. The main attractive feature of DRR is its simplicity of implementation: in fact, it can exhibit O(1) complexity, provided that specific allocation constraints are met. However, according to the original DRR implementation, meeting such constraints often implies tolerating high latency and poor fairness. In this paper, we first derive new and exact bounds for DRR latency and fairness. On the basis of these results, we then propose a novel implementation technique, called Active List Queue Method (Aliquem), which allows a remarkable gain in latency and fairness to be achieved, while still preserving O(1) complexity. We show that DRR achieves better performance metrics than those of other round-robin algorithms such as Pre-Order Deficit Round-Robin and Smoothed Round-Robin. We also show by simulation that the proposed implementation allows the average delay and the jitter to be reduced.
IV–VI compound midinfrared high-reflectivity mirrors and vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers grown by molecular-beam epitaxy (2000)

Midinfrared broadband high-reflectivity Pb1−xSrxSe/BaF2 distributed Bragg reflectors and vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with PbSe as the active material were grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. Because of an extremely high index contrast, mirrors with only three quarter-wave layer pairs had reflectivities exceeding 99%. For pulsed optical pumping, a lead salt VCSEL emitting at the cavity wavelength of 4.5–4.6 μm operated nearly to room temperature (289 K).
Health-related Quality of Life Outcomes of Adalimumab for Patients with Early Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results from a Randomized Multicenter Study (2011)

Adalimumab plus MTX significantly improved physical functioning and HRQOL in patients with early RA over 2 years of treatment. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00195663).
Decrease in myosin light chain kinase activity of rabbit fast muscle by chronic stimulation (1986)

Analysis of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) activity in tibialis anterior muscles of the rabbit revealed that chronic stimulation at a frequency of 10 Hz for 24 h per day reduced the enzyme activity in a time-dependent manner. Since fast twitch muscle contains significantly more myosin light chain kinase than slow twitch muscle, the observed reductions are consistent with the type of fast-to-slow transformation observed for other type-specific muscle characteristics. The present data also indicate that the stimulation-induced decrease in MLCK activity precedes the fast-to-slow conversion of the myosin molecule as judged by pyrophosphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Register allocation for software pipelined multi-dimensional loops (2005)

Software pipelining of a multi-dimensional loop is an important optimization that overlaps the execution of successive outermost loop iterations to explore instruction-level parallelism from the entire n-dimensional iteration space. This paper investigates register allocation for software pipelined multi-dimensional loops.For single loop software pipelining, the lifetime instances of a loop variant in successive iterations of the loop form a repetitive pattern. An effective register allocation method is to represent the pattern as a vector of lifetimes (or a vector lifetime using Rau's terminology) and map it to rotating registers. Unfortunately, the software pipelined schedule of a multi-dimensional loop is considerably more complex, and so are the vector lifetimes in it.In this paper, we develop a way to normalize and represent vector lifetimes in multi-dimensional loop software pipelining, which capture their complexity, while exposing their regularity that enables us to develop a simple, yet powerful solution. Our algorithm is based on the development of a metric, called distance , that quantitatively determines the degree of potential overlapping (conflicts) between two vector lifetimes. We show how to calculate and use the distance, conservatively or aggressively, to guide the register allocation of the vector lifetimes under a bin-packing algorithm framework. The classical register allocation for software pipelined single loops is subsumed by our method as a special case.The method has been implemented in the ORC compiler and produced code for the Itanium architecture. We report the effectiveness of our method on 134 loop nests with 348 loop levels. Several strategies for register allocation are compared and analyzed.
Application of Bacteriophages To Control Intestinal <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157:H7 Levels in Ruminants (2006)

A previously characterized O157-specific lytic bacteriophage KH1 and a newly isolated phage designated SH1 were tested, alone or in combination, for reducing intestinal Escherichia coli O157:H7 in animals. Oral treatment with phage KH1 did not reduce the intestinal E. coli O157:H7 in sheep. Phage SH1 formed clear and relatively larger plaques on lawns of all 12 E. coli O157:H7 isolates tested and had a broader host range than phage KH1, lysing O55:H6 and 18 of 120 non-O157 E. coli isolates tested. In vitro, mucin or bovine mucus did not inhibit bacterial lysis by phage SH1 or KH1. A phage treatment protocol was optimized using a mouse model of E. coli O157:H7 intestinal carriage. Oral treatment with SH1 or a mixture of SH1 and KH1 at phage/bacterium ratios > or = 10(2) terminated the presence of fecal E. coli O157:H7 within 2 to 6 days after phage treatment. Untreated control mice remained culture positive for >10 days. To optimize bacterial carriage and phage delivery in cattle, E. coli O157:H7 was applied rectally to Holstein steers 7 days before the administration of 10(10) PFU SH1 and KH1. Phages were applied directly to the rectoanal junction mucosa at phage/bacterium ratios calculated to be > or = 10(2). In addition, phages were maintained at 10(6) PFU/ml in the drinking water of the phage treatment group. This phage therapy reduced the average number of E. coli O157:H7 CFU among phage-treated steers compared to control steers (P < 0.05); however, it did not eliminate the bacteria from the majority of steers.
Learning to use word processors (1983)

Computer text editors are powerful, but complex, tools. Particularly in the early stages of learning, the complexity of these tools can cause serious problems for users who are not experienced with computers. The problems of new users were studied by asking the users to think out loud while learning to use word-processing systems. In this paper several of the most typical and debilitating problems these users had understanding and following directions in using training manuals, as well as problems understanding and using interface functions to accomplish word processing tasks, are taxonomized and analyzed. Approaches for improving design features of the interface functions and the training methods used for learning are discussed.
Aza‐Michael Reactions in Ionic Liquids. A Facile Synthesis of β‐Amino Compounds. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Singular value decomposition and spectral analysis (1981)

Linear-Prediction-based (LP) methods for fitting multiple-sinusoid signal models to observed data, such as the forward-backward (FBLP) method of Nuttall (5) and Ulrych and Clayton (6), are very ill-conditioned. The locations of estimated spectral peaks can be greatly affected by a small amount of additive noise. LP estimation of frequencies can be greatly improved by singular value decomposition of the LP data matrix. The improved performance of the resulting new technique, which we called the principal eigenvector method (13, 14) is demonstrated by using it on one and two dimensional data.
Detection of p53 Protein Based on Mesoporous Pt–Pd Nanoparticles with Enhanced Peroxidase-like Catalysis (2016)

We reported a sensitive immunochromatographic test strip based on mesoporous Pt–Pd bimetal nanoparticles (NPs) with greatly enhanced peroxidase-like catalysis for detection of p53 visually and quantitatively. The principle of this assay is relied on the measurements of visual color intensity produced by peroxidase reaction with 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) solution. Owing to the strong peroxidase-like activity of Pt–Pd NPs, it exhibited strong visual color in less than 30 s in low concentration range of target analytes. Quantitative measurement of p53 was performed with a hand-held test strip reader, which yields a detection limit of 0.05 ng mL–1 with the linear range of 0.1–10 ng mL–1. Although the feasibility was demonstrated using p53 as a model analyte, this approach could be easily extended for detection of other protein biomarkers.
Network monitoring using traffic dispersion graphs (tdgs) (2007)

Monitoring network traffic and detecting unwanted applications has become a challenging problem, since many applications obfuscate their traffic using unregistered port numbers or payload encryption. Apart from some notable exceptions, most traffic monitoring tools use two types of approaches: (a) keeping traffic statistics such as packet sizes and interarrivals, flow counts, byte volumes, etc., or (b) analyzing packet content. In this paper, we propose the use of Traffic Dispersion Graphs (TDGs) as a way to monitor, analyze, and visualize network traffic. TDGs model the social behavior of hosts ("who talks to whom"), where the edges can be defined to represent different interactions (e.g. the exchange of a certain number or type of packets). With the introduction of TDGs, we are able to harness a wealth of tools and graph modeling techniques from a diverse set of disciplines.
Reassessment of Risk Genotypes (<i>GRN</i>,<i>TMEM106B</i>, and<i>ABCC9</i>Variants) Associated With Hippocampal Sclerosis of Aging Pathology (2014)

Hippocampal sclerosis of aging (HS-Aging) is a common high-morbidity neurodegenerative condition in elderly persons. To understand the risk factors for HS-Aging, we analyzed data from the Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium and correlated the data with clinical and pathologic information from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center database. Overall, 268 research volunteers with HS-Aging and 2,957 controls were included; detailed neuropathologic data were available for all. The study focused on single-nucleotide polymorphisms previously associated with HS-Aging risk: rs5848 (GRN), rs1990622 (TMEM106B), and rs704180 (ABCC9). Analyses of a subsample that was not previously evaluated (51 HS-Aging cases and 561 controls) replicated the associations of previously identified HS-Aging risk alleles. To test for evidence of gene-gene interactions and genotype-phenotype relationships, pooled data were analyzed. The risk for HS-Aging diagnosis associated with these genetic polymorphisms was not secondary to an association with either Alzheimer disease or dementia with Lewy body neuropathologic changes. The presence of multiple risk genotypes was associated with a trend for additive risk for HS-Aging pathology. We conclude that multiple genes play important roles in HS-Aging, which is a distinctive neurodegenerative disease of aging.
An analysis and improvement of destruction immunity during reverse recovery for high voltage planar diodes under high dIrr/dt condition (2002)

Computer simulation for reverse recovery characteristics of a planar diode revealed that local heating occurred at the corner of the anode even when a surge voltage across the diode was lower than its static breakdown voltage. Analysis for origin of local heating resulted in a design principle for improving destruction immunity of the diode. Diodes designed according to the present principle showed excellent destruction immunity under high dIrr/dt condition.
Resort motivations for different family life cycle stages. (1990)

Motivational differences for resort vacation travel among family life cycle stages have not been addressed in travel research. However, from a marketing standpoint, segmenting the resort market into family life cycle groups can be reasonably important. Linking an identified group of motivations with these stages is the purpose of this article. Descriptive analysis, factor analysis, and analysis of variance are used to evaluate the data. Twenty motivations are reduced into five motivation factors that coincide with established travel motivations or needs. The importance of family relationship, health and social, and fun and entertainment motivations does differ among respondents single or married, with or without children. The importance of relaxation and escape and novelty, education and prestige motivations does not differ across family life cycles. A target market with greatest potential is identified as married couples without children, the largest current family life cycle grouping of resort vacationers.
Optimization of Tag Antenna for RFID System (2009)

Tag antenna can make RFID tags be read at a distance and do not require a line of sight between tag and reader. This paper describes design and optimization aspects of antenna coil of tag for RFID system in High Frequency (HF) band. An equivalent circuit of tag is established and a new detailed design method is demonstrated. An experimental formula with high efficiency is used to calculate the inductance of the coil. It also presents a method for inductor optimization for tag antenna design which can set different objective functions and constraints for corresponding purpose in different conditions easily. Through the calculation of Matlab, the result of this method is feasible and globally convergent.