gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Hybrid Framework for Functional Verification using Reinforcement Learning and Deep Learning (2019)

In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid verification framework (HVF) which uses Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) to accelerate the verification of complex systems. More precisely, our HVF incorporates RL to generate all possible sequences of vectors needed to approach a target state as well as the corresponding path to the target state which contains a potential design error. Furthermore, HVF utilizes DNNs to accelerate the verification of complex data paths in the target states. We have tested our framework on several circuits including multi-core designs as well as bus-arbiters and confirmed its significant verification speedup when compared to prior work. For example, HVF provides a total speedup of 4.5x for a quad-core MIPS processor verification.
10Gbps Parametric Short-Wave Infrared Transmitter (2011)

We demonstrate the first 10Gb/s parametric transmitter in short-wave Infrared band. The device operates by converting 1278nm signal over 85THz to generate channel at 2002nm using highly-nonlinear-fiber and was characterized by error-free performance.
Vibratory screening of drilling fluids (1986)

A study has been made at full scale of the use of vibrating\nnear-horizontal screens for the removal of particles from drilling muds,\nwhich are shear-thinning fluids. A mass balance analysis was used to\nestablish criteria for effective operation of such devices.\nA previous study of these devices by Hoberock was critically\nexamined. It was extended experimentally, and its hypotheses tested. As a\nresult, Hoberock's proposals have been modified.\nA model has been developed to predict flow through the screens,\nwhich has been validated with laboratory and field data. Observations upon\nsolids transport on wet screens have been compared with the much earlier\nwork of Kluge on dry screening.
Tree logical classes for efficient evaluation of XQuery (2004)

XML is widely praised for its flexibility in allowing repeated and missing sub-elements. However, this flexibility makes it challenging to develop a bulk algebra, which typically manipulates sets of objects with identical structure. A set of XML elements, say of type book, may have members that vary greatly in structure, e.g. in the number of author sub-elements. This kind of heterogeneity may permeate the entire document in a recursive fashion: e.g., different authors of the same or different book may in turn greatly vary in structure. Even when the document conforms to a schema, the flexible nature of schemas for XML still allows such significant variations in structure among elements in a collection. Bulk processing of such heterogeneous sets is problematic.In this paper, we introduce the notion of logical classes (LC) of pattern tree nodes, and generalize the notion of pattern tree matching to handle node logical classes. This abstraction pays off significantly in allowing us to reason with an inherently heterogeneous collection of elements in a uniform, homogeneous way. Based on this, we define a Tree Logical Class (TLC) algebra that is capable of handling the heterogeneity arising in XML query processing, while avoiding redundant work. We present an algorithm to obtain a TLC algebra expression from an XQuery statement (for a large fragment of XQuery). We show how to implement the TLC algebra efficiently, introducing the nest-join as an important physical operator for XML query processing. We show that evaluation plans generated using the TLC algebra not only are simpler but also perform better than those generated by competing approaches. TLC is the algebra used in the Timber [8] system developed at the University of Michigan.
In Vivo and In Vitro Demonstration of Epithelial Cell-induced Myofibroblast Differentiation of Keratocytes and an Inhibitory Effect by Amniotic Membrane (2001)

Epithelial cells are capable of inducing the differentiation of adjacent fibroblasts into myofibroblasts; such an induction requires a close epithelial-mesenchymal contact. Amniotic membrane alone does not induce this effect and can help block such induction by epithelial cells.
A CpG Oligonucleotide Can Protect Mice from a Low Aerosol Challenge Dose of<i>Burkholderia mallei</i> (2006)

Treatment with an oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) containing CPG motifs (CpG ODN 7909) was found to protect BALB/c mice from lung infection or death after aerosol challenge with Burkholderia mallei. Protection was associated with enhanced levels of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma)-inducible protein 10, interleukin-12 (IL-12), IFN-gamma, and IL-6. Preexposure therapy with CpG ODNs may protect victims of a biological attack from glanders.
Tunable narrow-band thin-film waveguide grating filters (1979)

A tunable, narrow-band thin-film filter consisting of two uniform grating filter sections separated by a phase-shift section is proposed, and the theoretically predicted performance of these new components is verified experimentally. A straightforward method of calculating the reflection spectrum of these structures is also presented; the technique is particularly well suited to accounting for the effects of parasitics in practical structures. Finally, a qualitative model useful for intuitive analysis of these filters and their spectra is described.
Nicotine Reduces TNF-α Expression Through a α7 nAChR/MyD88/NF-ĸB Pathway in HBE16 Airway Epithelial Cells (2011)

Nicotine reduces TNF-α expression in HBE16 airway epithelial cells, mainly through an α7 nAChR/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.
North America (2018)

This chapter analyses real estate investment trusts (REITs) in the North American region, using case studies from the US, Canada and Mexico. The United States is clearly the most highly developed REIT market in the world, with only Australia laying claim to some comparability. The US REIT sector illustrates how evolution in the REIT sector can drive legislative change and also how legislative change can drive evolution in the REIT sector. Canada, unlike Mexico but like the US, has a long history of a prosperous economy with highly developed economic institutions, including a highly developed real estate market structure. REITs in Canada, being a developing REIT sector in the North American region, shows how quickly a REIT industry may emerge out of a property market downturn that suddenly generates a supply of suitable investment stock. Mexico presents a good case study of an emerging-market economy with an emerging REIT sector.
Regulation of von Willebrand Factor Binding to the Platelet Glycoprotein Ib-IX by a Membrane Skeleton-dependent Inside-out Signal (2001)

The platelet receptor for von Willebrand factor (vWF), glycoprotein Ib-IX (GPIb-IX), mediates initial platelet adhesion and activation. We show here that the receptor function of GPIb-IX is regulated intracellularly via its link to the filamin-associated membrane skeleton. Deletion of the filamin binding site in GPIb(alpha) markedly enhances ristocetin- (or botrocetin)-induced vWF binding and allows GPIb-IX-expressing cells to adhere to immobilized vWF under both static and flow conditions. Cytochalasin D (CD) that depolymerizes actin also enhances vWF binding to wild type GPIb-IX. Thus, vWF binding to GPIb-IX is negatively regulated by the filamin-associated membrane skeleton. In contrast to native vWF, binding of the isolated recombinant vWF A1 domain to wild type and filamin binding-deficient mutants of GPIb-IX is comparable, suggesting that the membrane skeleton-associated GPIb-IX is in a state that prevents access to the A1 domain in macromolecular vWF. In platelets, there is a balance of membrane skeleton-associated and free forms of GPIb-IX. Treatment of platelets with CD increases the free form and enhances vWF binding. CD also reverses the inhibitory effects of prostaglandin E1 on vWF binding to GPIb-IX. Thus, GPIb-IX-dependent platelet adhesion is doubly controlled by vWF conformation and a membrane skeleton-dependent inside-out signal.
Human Podocytes Express Angiopoietin 1, a Potential Regulator of Glomerular Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (2002)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is abundantly expressed by podocytes, but its role in glomeruli is unknown. Angiopoietins are endothelial cell growth factors that function in concert with VEGF but have not previously been observed in human glomeruli. Angiopoietin 1 (Ang1) acts via the endothelial receptor Tie2 to promote maturation and stabilization of blood vessels, resisting angiogenesis and opposing some actions of VEGF. Ang1, Ang2, Tie2, and VEGF expression in normal human renal cortex was examined with immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical analyses. High-power, multiple-color, immunofluorescence analyses and additional antibodies (specific for particular components of the glomerular filtration barrier) were used to determine the exact locations of Ang1 and Tie2 in the glomerular capillary wall. Immuno-electron-microscopic analysis of rat glomeruli was used to further localize endothelial Tie2 expression. RNA and protein extracted from human glomeruli, cultured human podocytes, and cultured human endothelial cells were analyzed for Ang1, Ang2, and Tie2 by using reverse transcription-PCR and Western blotting. Ang1 was detected in podocytes in normal glomeruli and, with VEGF, was concentrated in podocyte foot processes. Tie2 was demonstrated on glomerular capillary endothelial cells, particularly on the abluminal surface. Reverse transcription-PCR and Western blotting analyses confirmed the expression of Ang1 and Tie2 in glomeruli and of Ang1 in cultured podocytes. These findings suggest a role for Ang1 in the maintenance of the glomerular endothelium and make it a good candidate to be a regulator of the actions of VEGF on glomerular permeability, resisting angiogenesis while allowing the induction of high permeability to water and small solutes.
Autonomic fine-grained replication and migration at component level on multicloud (2016)

Although migration and replication of applications in a distributed environment have been discussed by many researchers, the implementations of these features are rarely focused when deployed in the cloud. The cloud enterprises usually have to migrate or replicate partly or fully their services because of economical or disaster preventing reasons. Because the cost of copying the whole virtual machines is too high due to their big size, the replication at application level is a possible approach. This work proposes an autonomic replication and migration mechanism integrated in an implementation of a fine-grained deployment framework which enables ability to migrate and replicate-service components on the clouds. We formulate the deployment problem of replicated components to optimize the system performance as a quadratic program. Our proposed framework ensures the high availability and scalability of services, and complies with the service-oriented architecture. Our experiments conducted in real scenarios of elastic demands demonstrate that the proposed fine-grained migration and replication is more efficient than the coarse-grained ones when an autonomic system responds to fluctuation of webapp’s workload. We also show the influence of adding servers and upgrading server connections on the system performance.
Chloro‐ionenes from dichlorides and tertiary diamines (1987)

Abstract Five new ionenes were synthesized from tertiary diamines and dihalides. For comparison, four bromo‐ionenes were also prepared. Due to a lower C‐Br bond energy the bromo‐ionenes can be prepared from alkylene dibromides and tertiary diamines, whereas in case of chloroionenes the presence of electronegative atoms or groups of atoms in the dichlorides proved to be the condition to ensure reaction under moderate conditions. The highest initial reaction rates and lowest energies of activation (27,2–35,5 kJ/mol) were observed in runs with 1,3‐dichloro‐2‐propanon ( 1 ). Similarly, bis(2‐chloroethyl) ether ( 2a ) proved to be a convenient dihalide for the formation of chloro‐ionenes, displaying reactivities comparable with those of 1,6‐dibromohexane. All reaction orders referring to the preparation of bromo‐ionenes investigated, were found to be about 2, whereas the formation of chloro‐ionenes is first order. In case of bromoionenes the energies of activation were higher (66,7–79,8 kJ/mol) than in the case of chloroiones (27,2–51,8 kJ/mol). The structure of tertiary diamines plays an important role as far as their basicity is concerned, influenced by resonance conjugation, which is the case with Michler's ketone ( 5 ) as well as with tetramethylurea ( 6 ). The ionenes resulting from the dihalides and tertiary amines proved to be oligomers.
Engineering personalized neural tissue by combining induced pluripotent stem cells with fibrin scaffolds (2014)

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are generated from adult somatic cells through the induction of key transcription factors that restore the ability to become any cell type found in the body. These cells are of interest for tissue engineering due to their potential for developing patient-specific therapies. As the technology for generating iPSCs advances, it is important to concurrently investigate protocols for the efficient differentiation of these cells to desired downstream phenotypes in combination with biomaterial scaffolds as a way of engineering neural tissue. For such applications, the generation of neurons within three dimensional fibrin scaffolds has been well characterized as a cell-delivery platform for murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs) but has not yet been applied to murine iPSCs. Given that iPSCs have been reported to differentiate less effectively than ESCs, a key objective of this investigation is to maximize the proportion of iPSC-derived neurons in fibrin through the choice of differentiation protocol. To this end, this study compares two EB-mediated protocols for generating neurons from murine iPSCs and ESCs: an 8 day 4-/4+ protocol using soluble retinoic acid in the last 4 days and a 6 day 2-/4+ protocol using soluble retinoic acid and the small molecule sonic hedgehog agonist purmorphamine in the last 4 days. EBs were then seeded in fibrin scaffolds for 14 days to allow further differentiation into neurons. EBs generated by the 2-/4+ protocol yielded a higher percentage of neurons compared to those from the 4-/4+ protocol for both iPSCs and ESCs. The results demonstrate the successful translation of the fibrin-based cell-delivery platform for use with murine iPSCs and furthermore that the proportion of neurons generated from murine iPSC-derived EBs seeded in fibrin can be maximized using the 2-/4+ differentiation protocol. Together, these findings validate the further exploration of 3D fibrin-based scaffolds as a method of delivering neuronal cells derived from iPSCs - an important step toward the development of iPSC-based tissue engineering strategies for spinal cord injury repair.
EARLY INCREASE IN ARTERIAL LACTATE CONCENTRATION UNDER EPINEPHRINE INFUSION IS ASSOCIATED WITH A BETTER PROGNOSIS DURING SHOCK (2010)

To determine whether an epinephrine-induced early increase in arterial lactate concentration can prognosticate the outcome during shock state, we conducted a retrospective study in a 16-bed medical intensive care unit of a teaching hospital in France. One hundred consecutive patients admitted because of a shock state irrespective of etiology and treated with epinephrine were included. Patients were not enrolled if they received epinephrine administration before intensive care unit admission. Sequential arterial lactate measurements were performed at the time of epinephrine infusion (H0) and 4 h later (H4) in which Deltalactate was defined as (100 x [arterial lactate(H4)-arterial lactate(H0)]/arterial lactate(H0)) and expressed as a percentage. Etiology of shock was septic (82%), cardiogenic (10%), or hemorrhagic (8%). Twenty-eight-day mortality rate was 72%. At admission, arterial lactate concentration was elevated (4.96 +/- 3.8 mmol/L) and was further increased upon epinephrine administration, reaching a peak at H4 (8.22 +/- 3.66). When patients were stratified according to their outcome, nonsurvivors displayed the same pattern as survivors, although with a significant upward shift in values (ANOVA, P = 0.0003). The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score and Deltalactate were the only variables associated with the 28-day risk of death, with an odds ratio of 1.32 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06-1.65; P = 0.01) and 0.99 (95% CI, 0.99-0.99; P = 0.03), respectively, in multivariate analysis. At a value of 100%, Deltalactate predicted death, with a 71% sensitivity (95% CI, 51%-87%) and a 67% specificity (95% CI, 43%-85%). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis confirmed this finding, with a 52.4% death rate among patients with Deltalactate greater than 100 comparatively to 84.7% when Deltalactate was less than 100 (log-rank test, P = 0.0002). An adapted response (lactate production) to a pharmacological trigger (epinephrine) is associated with better prognosis during shock of various etiologies.
Self-Assembly of PEGylated Peptide Conjugates Containing a Modified Amyloid β-Peptide Fragment (2010)

The self-assembly of PEGylated peptides containing a modified sequence from the amyloid beta peptide, FFKLVFF, has been studied in aqueous solution. PEG molar masses PEG1k, PEG2k, and PEG10k were used in the conjugates. It is shown that the three FFKLVFF-PEG hybrids form fibrils comprising a FFKLVFF core and a PEG corona. The beta-sheet secondary structure of the peptide is retained in the FFKLVFF fibril core. At sufficiently high concentrations, FFKLVFF-PEG1k and FFKLVFF-PEG2k form a nematic phase, while PEG10k-FFKLVFF exhibits a hexagonal columnar phase. Simultaneous small angle neutron scattering/shear flow experiments were performed to study the shear flow alignment of the nematic and hexagonal liquid crystal phases. On drying, PEG crystallization occurs without disruption of the FFKLVFF beta-sheet structure leading to characteristic peaks in the X-ray diffraction pattern and FTIR spectra. The stability of beta-sheet structures was also studied in blends of FFKLVFF-PEG conjugates with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA). While PEG crystallization is only observed up to 25% PAA content in the blends, the FFKLVFF beta-sheet structure is retained up to 75% PAA.
Polariton enhancement of the Faraday magnetooptic effect (1998)

Enhancement of the Faraday magnetooptic effect by the excitation of surface polariton on an interface between an iron garnet and silver is observed. The main contribution to this effect is due to the rotation of the polarization of a surface polariton as the polariton propagates along the interface.
Study on Scheduling of PV Power Station Output Based on the Solar Radiation Forecast (2009)

Recently, photovoltaic generation (PV) attracts great attentions as a countermeasure against the global warming. This paper proposes and discusses a method for determining an optimal operating schedule of the PV power station using a NAS battery and solar radiation forecast. Two techniques to mitigate the effects of errors contained in the solar radiation forecast are discussed deeply in this paper. The one technique is to consider a probabilistic model of solar radiation forecast error in the day-ahead output scheduling process. Another one is a rescheduling process based on the latest solar radiation forecast on the day. Validity and effectiveness of the two proposed techniques are ascertained through computational simulations using the actual PV generation data monitored at the Wakkanai PV power station and solar radiation forecast data provided by the Japan Weather Association.
Distribution-free, Risk-controlling Prediction Sets (2021)

While improving prediction accuracy has been the focus of machine learning in recent years, this alone does not suffice for reliable decision-making. Deploying learning systems in consequential settings also requires calibrating and communicating the uncertainty of predictions. To convey instance-wise uncertainty for prediction tasks, we show how to generate set-valued predictions from a black-box predictor that controls the expected loss on future test points at a user-specified level. Our approach provides explicit finite-sample guarantees for any dataset by using a holdout set to calibrate the size of the prediction sets. This framework enables simple, distribution-free, rigorous error control for many tasks, and we demonstrate it in five large-scale machine learning problems: (1) classification problems where some mistakes are more costly than others; (2) multi-label classification, where each observation has multiple associated labels; (3) classification problems where the labels have a hierarchical structure; (4) image segmentation, where we wish to predict a set of pixels containing an object of interest; and (5) protein structure prediction. Last, we discuss extensions to uncertainty quantification for ranking, metric learning, and distributionally robust learning.
Feature evaluation of factorized self-localization (2014)

Localization on a digital map is a crucial point for many advanced driver assistance systems that make use of digital map data. State of the art work mainly relies on inaccurate GPS measurements, special and costly sensors or especially attributed digital maps. In contrast to that, this work presents a localization algorithm with in-vehicle available sensors and a standard navigation map. A factorized state estimation that computes position and orientation with separate features allows accurate and reliable positioning. This work thereto proposes correlation-based features that match road curvatures of digital map and sensor data for position estimation. The vehicle orientation on the digital map can then be computed by either matching an egomotion trajectory to the digital map road geometry or by using an optical lane recognition system. Sensitive parameters of this approach are thoroughly evaluated with a highly precise DGPS reference system.
Holographic Display Using Two On-axis Holograms without the Zeroth-Order Light and the Twin Image (2015)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text X. Yang, Z. Hu, W. Zhou, A. Bidwai, H. Wang, and T. Poon, "Holographic Display Using Two On-axis Holograms without the Zeroth-Order Light and the Twin Image," in Digital Holography & 3-D Imaging Meeting, OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 2015), paper DTh4A.1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Diverse T cell receptor V beta gene usage in the central nervous system in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (1993)

The repertoire of TCR V beta genes transcribed and expressed within the central nervous system was determined in mice with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Disease was induced in (PL/J x SJL/)F1 mice by immunizing with myelin basic protein-acetylated peptide 1-11, and mice were sacrificed at intervals from day 3 postimmunization to 3 wk after recovery from disease. Transcription of V beta genes was determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction on RNA extracted from spinal cord, and expression of the V beta gene products was detected by immunohistochemistry with mAb specific for various V beta proteins. Multiple V beta genes were found to be transcribed and expressed in the central nervous system starting 7 days after immunization, and continuing up to 3 wk after clinical recovery. Preferential utilization of a single TCR V beta gene was not detected in the central nervous system at any time in the course of disease.
Short-channel, narrow channel and ultra-thin oxide effects in advanced SOI MOSFETs (2005)

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