gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Association between Pterostilbene and Quercetin Inhibits Metastatic Activity of B16 Melanoma (2005)

Inhibition of cancer growth by resveratrol (trans-3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene; RESV), a phytoalexin present in many plant species, is limited by its low bioavailability. Pterostilbene (3,5-dimethoxy-4'-hydroxystilbene; PTER) and quercetin (3,3',4',5,6-pentahydroxyflavone; QUER), two structurally related and naturally occurring small polyphenols, show longer half-life in vivo. In vitro growth of highly malignant B16 melanoma F10 cells (B16M-F10) is inhibited (56%) by short-time exposure (60 min/day) to PTER (40 microm) and QUER (20 microm) (approximate mean values of plasma concentrations measured within the first hour after intravenous administration of 20 mg/kg each polyphenol). Intravenous administration of PTER and QUER (20 mg/kg per day) to mice inhibits (73%) metastatic growth of B16M-F10 cell in the liver, a common site for metastasis development. The anti-metastatic mechanism involves: 1) a PTER-induced inhibition of vascular adhesion molecule 1 expression in the hepatic sinusoidal endothelium, which consequently decreases B16M-F10 cell adhesion to the endothelium through very late activation antigen 4; and 2) a QUER- and PTER-induced inhibition of Bcl-2 expression in metastatic cells, which sensitizes them to vascular endothelium-induced cytotoxicity. Our findings demonstrate that the association of PTER and QUER inhibits metastatic melanoma growth and extends host survival.
Real-Time Voltage Stability Assessment for Load Areas Based on the Holomorphic Embedding Method. (2017)

This paper proposes a method of real-time voltage stability assessment for load areas, in which the proximity to voltage collapse point at each bus can be accurately evaluated. Based on the non-iterative holomorphic embedding method (HEM), the voltage of each bus for different loading levels in the load area is quickly screened out by only performing one-time power flow calculation. A power series derived by the HEM with a physical germ solution makes sure that the P-V curve is in conformity with that from conventional continuous power flow. Therefore, the voltage stability margin can be evaluated by plugging a value into the embedded complex variable of the power series. An adaptive two-stage Pade approximants method is also proposed based on the power series to improve its convergence. Thus, on one hand, it enables more accurate prediction of the voltage collapse point; on the other hand, reduces the computational burden on large power systems. The proposed method is illustrated in detail on a 4-bus test system and then demonstrated on a load area of Northeast Power Coordinating Council 48-geneartor, 140-bus power system.
Rapid, reliable in vivo assays of human phosphate metabolites by nuclear magnetic resonance. (1989)

This accurate, reliable, and fast method of assaying absolute concentrations of phosphate metabolites noninvasively in living tissue, including that of humans, combines 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and 1H NMR imaging. The images are used to measure the areas of metabolite-bearing tissue in selected sections through the subject, and 31P spectra are acquired from the same section, together with a concentration reference located on the periphery. Metabolite concentrations are calculated from the ratios of areas and integrated signal intensities. Apparatus and protocol are designed to eliminate corrections due to magnetic field nonuniformities and NMR relaxation times. Mean (and SD) concentrations of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), phosphocreatine, and inorganic phosphate (Pi) measured in the brains of 15 normal adult human volunteers with a 1.5-T NMR system were 3.03 (0.49), 5.18 (0.89), and 1.5 (0.7) mmol per liter of wet tissue, respectively. Acquisition times of only a few minutes should facilitate metabolic studies of patients with disorders in limbs and brain, particularly those affecting entire organs.
Novel Convenient Synthesis of <sup>10</sup>B-Enriched Sodium Borohydride (2016)

A convenient and efficient synthesis of (10)B-enriched sodium borohydride [Na(10)BH4] from commercially available (10)B-enriched boric acid [(10)B(OH)3] is described. The reaction sequence (10)B(OH)3 → (10)B(On-Bu)3 → (10)BH3·Et3N → Na(10)BH4 afforded the product in 60-80% yield. The reaction was successfully scaled to hundreds of gram per run.
Sporozoite-Induced Malaria: Therapeutic Effects of Glycolipids in Liposomes (1979)

Liposomes containing neutral glycolipids with a terminal glucose or galactose, when injected intravenously, prevented the appearance of erythrocytic forms of malaria (Plasmodium berghei) in mice previously injected with sporozoites. Inhibitory glycolipids included glucosyl, galactosyl, or lactosyl ceramide. Inhibition was not observed with liposomes containing ceramide, phosphocholine ceramide, sulfogalactosyl ceramide (sulfatide), or ganglioside GM1. Liposomes containing glycolipids did not inhibit infection transmitted by injecting blood containing erythrocytic stages of malaria. These results may have therapeutic implications in the treatment of malaria. Analysis of the mechanism of interference with the life cycle of malaria by liposomal glycolipids may yield information about the interactions of parasites with cellular membranes.
35.3: A High‐Aperture and High‐Reliability Full‐Color TFT‐LCD (1998)

Abstract A high‐aperture 6.25×6.25 in. full‐color a ‐Si TFT LCD with 1024×1024 dots and 164 lpi resolution has been fabricated. The high aperture ratio is achieved by overlapping the ITO pixel electrode and bus line using a photo‐sensitive polymer. This AMLCD has been incorporated with an ultra‐low reflectance black matrix and an optical compensation film for high‐quality performance.
Local thermomechanical characterization of phase transitions using band excitation atomic force acoustic microscopy with heated probe (2008)

An approach for thermomechanical characterization of phase transitions in polymeric materials (polyethyleneterephthalate) by band excitation acoustic force microscopy is developed. This methodology allows the independent measurement of resonance frequency, Q factor, and oscillation amplitude of a tip-surface contact as a function of tip temperature, from which the thermal evolution of tip-surface spring constant and mechanical dissipation can be extracted. We demonstrate a heating protocol which keeps the contact area and contact force constant, thus allowing for reproducible measurements and quantitative extraction of material properties including temperature dependence of indentation-based elastic and loss moduli.
Simultaneous reconstruction of emission activity and attenuation coefficient distribution from TOF data, acquired with rotating external line source (2011)

The simultaneous PET data reconstruction of emission activity and attenuation coefficient distribution is under investigation, where the attenuation image is constrained by exploiting an external transmission source. Data are acquired in TOF mode, allowing in principle for separation of emission and transmission data. Nevertheless, here all data are reconstructed at once, eliminating the need to trace the position of the transmission source in sinogram space. Contamination of emission data by the transmission source and vice versa is naturally modeled. Attenuated emission activity data also provide additional information about object attenuation coefficient values. The algorithm alternates between attenuation and emission activity image updates. We also proposed a method of estimation of spatial scatter distribution from the transmission source by incorporating knowledge about the expected range of attenuation map values. The reconstruction of experimental data from the mCT scanner suggests that simultaneous reconstruction improves attenuation map image quality, as compared to when data are separated. On the other hand, the use of transmission data stabilizes attenuation coefficient distribution reconstruction from TOF emission data alone.
Epoxygenated Fatty Acids and Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibition: Novel Mediators of Pain Reduction (2010)

The soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) enzyme was discovered while investigating the metabolism of xenobiotic compounds in the Casida laboratory. However, an endogenous role of sEH is to regulate the levels of a group of potent bioactive lipids, epoxygenated fatty acids (EFAs), that have pleiotropic biological activities. The EFAs, in particular the arachidonic acid derived epoxy eicosatrienoic acids (EETs), are established autocrine and paracrine messengers. The most recently discovered outcome of inhibition of sEH and increased EFAs is their effects on the sensory system and in particular their ability to reduce pain. The inhibitors of sEH block both inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Elevation of EFAs, in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, blocks pain. Several laboratories have now published a number of potential mechanisms of action for the pain-reducing effects of EFAs. This paper provides a brief history of the discovery of the sEH enzyme and argues that inhibitors of sEH through several independent mechanisms display pain-reducing effects.
CAA: CLAT Aware Affinity Scheduler for Next Generation Mobile Networks (2019)

Exponential growth in the number of subscribers intrigued Mobile Network Operators(MNOs) to invest substantial efforts towards the faster transition to IPv6 address. The current solution deployed by leading MNOs uses Dual IP 464XLAT to achieve address translation. There has been significant research on the dual IP system. However, an important area of study which is not investigated in detail is the correlation of 464XLAT in the multi-core architecture. We investigate the effects of this architecture on bandwidth utilization of mobile Smartphones with emphasis on multi-core scheduling algorithm. In this paper, we propose a novel networking packet scheduling scheme called CAA - CLAT Aware Affinity Scheduler for Next Generation Mobile Networks. CAA classifies the packets according to the characteristics and efficiently schedules among the CPU cores at its best effort for improved throughput in Dual Stack Smartphones. We also propose CAA-LITE, a lightweight version where the affinity scheduling is static with minimal steps. To illustrate the effectiveness of our proposed method, we conducted simulations in our lab at Samsung R&D India Bangalore and live air experiments in Samsung Electronics, South Korea. Our live air experiments show that the CAA outperforms the legacy by improving the throughput of around 90% under various operational conditions consistently. Moreover, our power consumption test shows that the CAA improves the power by 22% compared to original approaches.
Novel OBI noise reduction technique by using similar-OBI estimation in optical multiple access uplink (2017)

A novel optical beat interference (OBI) noise reduction technique for optical multiple access uplink using the same wavelength is presented. The OBI noise is estimated by similar-OBI and mitigated by subtracting estimated OBI noise using the digital signal processing technique. To derive similar-OBI, an RF clipping tone is transmitted out of signal band. We numerically and experimentally verified the validity of proposed OBI noise reduction method in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing access (OFDMA) passive optical network (PON) uplink where the OBI noise has been reduced and signal to noise ratio (SNR) has been improved from 4.4 dB to 10.6 dB.
Error-resilient video transmission using long-term memory motion-compensated prediction (2000)

Long-term memory prediction extends the spatial displacement vector utilized in hybrid video coding by a variable time delay, permitting the use of more than one reference frame for motion compensation. This extension leads to improved rate-distortion performance. However, motion compensation in combination with transmission errors leads to temporal error propagation that occurs when the reference frames at the coder and decoder differ. In this paper, we present a framework that incorporates an estimated error into rate-constrained motion estimation and mode decision. Experimental results with a Rayleigh fading channel show that long-term memory prediction significantly outperforms the single-frame prediction H.263-based anchor. When a feedback channel is available, the decoder can inform the encoder about successful or unsuccessful transmission events by sending positive (ACK) or negative (NACK) acknowledgments. This information is utilized for updating the error estimates at the encoder. Similar concepts, such as the ACK and NACK mode known from the H.263 standard, are unified into a general framework providing superior transmission performance.
Nebulization of Low-Dose S-Nitrosoglutathione in Diabetic Stroke Enhances Benefits of Reperfusion and Prevents Post-Thrombolysis Hemorrhage (2021)

The COVID-19 pandemic has escalated the occurrence of hypoxia including thrombotic stroke worldwide, for which nitric oxide (NO) therapy seems very promising and translatable. Therefore, various modes/routes of NO-delivery are now being tested in different clinical trials for safer, faster, and more effective interventions against ischemic insults. Intravenous (IV) infusion of S-Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), the major endogenous molecular pool of NO, has been reported to protect against mechanical cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR); however, it has been never tested in any kind of "clinically" relevant thromboembolic stroke models with or without comorbidities and in combination with the thrombolytic reperfusion therapy. Moreover, "IV-effects" of higher dose of GSNO following IR-injury have been contradicted to augment stroke injury. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that nebulization of low-dose GSNO will not alter blood pressure (BP) and will mitigate stroke injury in diabetic mice via enhanced cerebral blood flow (CBF) and brain tissue oxygenation (PbtO2). GSNO-nebulization (200 μg/kgbwt) did not alter BP, but augmented the restoration of CBF, improved behavioral outcomes and reduced stroke injury. Moreover, GSNO-nebulization increased early reoxygenation of brain tissue/PbtO2 as measured at 6.5 h post-stroke following thrombolytic reperfusion, and enervated unwanted effects of late thrombolysis in diabetic stroke. We conclude that the GSNO-nebulization is safe and effective for enhancing collateral microvascular perfusion in the early hours following stroke. Hence, nebulized-GSNO therapy has the potential to be developed and translated into an affordable field therapy against ischemic events including strokes, particularly in developing countries with limited healthcare infrastructure.
Dynein light chain Tctex-1 identifies neural progenitors in adult brain (2006)

The identity and biology of stem cells and progenitors in the adult brain are of considerable interest, because these cells hold great promise for the development of novel therapies for damaged brain tissue in human diseases. This research field critically needs biological markers that specifically identify the resident precursors in the germinal zones of the adult central nervous system so that the discovery of regulatory influences for adult neurogenesis may be facilitated. In this study, by using a combination of in situ hybridization, bromodeoxyuridine incorporation, immunocolocalization, and ultrastructural studies, we show that in rodents Tctex-1, a cytoplasmic dynein light chain, is selectively enriched in almost all cycling progenitors and young neuronal progeny, but not in mature granular cells and astrocytes, in the subgranular zone of the adult dentate gyrus. Tctex-1 is also selectively abundant in cells closely resembling previously described immature progenitors and migrating neuroblasts at the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle. Our results suggest that Tctex-1 serves as a novel marker for the identification of neural progenitors of the adult brain.
A colloid of ferroelectric nanoparticles in a cholesteric liquid crystal (2009)

The introduction of a minor quantity of ferroelectric nanoparticles into a cholesteric mixture causes a 45% decrease of the driving voltage with both the optical cell quality and the director field in the cell remaining undisturbed. The drop of the driving voltage results from a more than twofold increase of the effective dielectric anisotropy of the nematic matrix, which is the basic component of the cholesteric compound. The results reported clearly show how promising the ferroelectric liquid crystalline (LC) nanocolloids are for various applications. In particular, they offer a unique way for an effective tuning of the dielectric, optical and electro-optic properties of LC materials in a non-synthetic way that is a new direction for the development of advanced anisotropic meso-materials. We suggest that the strong impact of ferroelectric nanoparticles on the properties of the studied chiral nematics is due to the particle's permanent polarization, which produces a giant electric field around it.
Serologic diagnosis of West Nile virus infection (2003)

The epidemic of West Nile virus (WNV) in the USA in 2002 represents the largest outbreak of meningoencephalitis in the Western Hemisphere ever reported. Besides natural transmission by mosquitoes, five new modes of WNV transmission to humans have been reported: blood transfusion, organ transplantation, transplacental transmission, breastfeeding and laboratory-acquired infection. The recognition of these new transmission routes has made the development of rapid and accurate serological diagnosis of WNV infection a public health priority. In this article, the current serologic assays for WNV diagnosis are reviewed, including immunoglobulin M antibody-capture ELISA, immunoglobulin G ELISA, indirect fluorescent antibody tests, hemagglutination inhibition tests and plaque reduction neutralization tests. The recently developed immunoassays that use purified recombinant envelope and nonstructural protein 5 of WNV as antigens are also reviewed. The nonstructural protein 5 protein-based assay can reliably discriminate between WNV and dengue or St. Louis encephalitis virus, as well as between natural WNV infection and flavivirus vaccination.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 2‐, 4‐, AND 7‐METHYLTHIO‐SUBSTITUTED CEPHALOSPORINS (1979)

Abstract Die Einführung von Methylthio‐Gruppierungen in Cephalosporine durch Verwendung von Kaliumtert.‐butylat oder Lithium‐N‐cyclohexylisopropylamid mit Methylmethanthiolsulfat wird ausführlich untersucht.
TAG-72 as a Tumor Marker (1992)

In 1981, the murine IgG monoclonal antibody (MAb) B72.3 was isolated. The immunogen employed was a membrane-enriched fraction of human mammary carcinoma metastasis (Colcher et al., 1981). The B72.3-reactive antigen has subsequently been purified and characterized and has been termed TAG-72, for tumor-associated glycoprotein (Johnson et al., 1986). As a result of the purification of TAG-72, a second generation of anti-TAG-72 MAbs has been generated and characterized (Muraro et al., 1988); because the TAG-72 was obtained from a human colon cancer xenograft (LS-174T), these second-generation MAbs have been given the designation CC (i.e., CC49 and so on).
Coal conditioning system. [. gamma. radiation measurements] (1977)

The output of a radioactive source is directed through a moving stream of granular material, e.g., coal on a conveyor, and the radiation passing through is sensed by a detector. The detector generates a pulse signal of which the pulse repetition rate varies with the radiation sensed. The pulses generated are counted in a binary counter, and a timer periodically initiates a read-out of and resets the counter to effect successive counting cycles, whereupon the digital count in each cycle is converted to an analog voltage, the magnitude of which is recorded in terms of bulk density of the coal. The recorder controls the addition of water or oil to the coal to, respectively, lower or increase the bulk density of the coal. Controls are included which guard the system from misperforming when a supply of coal has failed, when the depth of coal on the conveyor belt has been lost, and when the coal is so dense that an application of water is required.
Can spin valves be reliably deposited for magnetic recording applications? (invited) (1997)

The tolerance of the expected read-back signal of spin valve giant magnetoresistance based structures to varying deposition and process conditions are described. We determine if spin valves can be produced reliably, and evaluate which thicknesses and properties are most critical. First, the dependence of spin valve properties on layer thickness are experimentally determined. Next, the variation of read-back signal and transfer curve characteristics with spin valve properties is calculated from micromagnetic modeling. Finally, these are convolved with the expected reproducibility of layer thickness to obtain an effective “yield” of structures within 10% of the mean amplitude. We find that spin valves can be reliably deposited, with “yields” well in excess of 90% likely.
Field Evaluation of Digital Optical Method to Quantify the Visual Opacity of Plumes (2007)

Visual Determination of the Opacity of Emissions from Stationary Sources (Method 9) is a reference method established by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to quantify plume opacity. However, Method 9 relies on observations from humans, which introduces subjectivity. In addition, it is expensive to teach and certify personnel to evaluate plume opacity on a semiannual basis. In this study, field tests were completed during a "smoke school" and a 4-month monitoring program of plumes emitted from stationary sources with a Method 9 qualified observer to evaluate the use of digital photography and two computer algorithms as an alternative to Method 9. This Digital Optical Method (DOM) improves objectivity, costs less to implement than Method 9, and provides archival photographic records of the plumes. Results from "smoke school" tests indicate that DOM passed six of eight tests when the sun was located in the 140 degrees sector behind one of the three cameras, with the individual opacity errors of 15% or less and average opacity errors of 7.5% or less. DOM also passed seven of the eight tests when the sun was located in the 216 degrees sector behind another camera. However, DOM passed only one of the eight tests when the sun was located in the 116 degrees sector in front of the third camera. Certification to read plume opacity by a "smoke reader" for 6 months requires that the "smoke reader" pass one of the smoke school tests during smoke school. The average opacity errors and percentage of observations with individual opacity errors above 15% for the results obtained with DOM were lower than those obtained by the smoke school trainees with the sun was located behind the camera, whereas they were higher than the smoke school trainee results with the sun located in front of the camera. In addition, the difference between plume opacity values obtained by DOM and a Method 9 qualified observer, as measured in the field for two industrial sources, were 2.2%. These encouraging results demonstrate that DOM is able to meet Method 9 requirements under a wide variety of field conditions and, therefore, has potential to be used as an alternative to Method 9.
Rational Design and Bioimaging Applications of Highly Selective Fluorescence Probes for Hydrogen Polysulfides (2014)

Reactive sulfur species have received considerable attention due to their various biological functions. Among these molecules, hydrogen polysulfides (H2S(n), n > 1) are recently suggested to be the actual signaling molecules derived from hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Hydrogen polysulfides may also have their own biosynthetic pathways. The research on H2S(n) is rapidly growing. However, the detection of H2S(n) is still challenging. In this work we report a H2S(n)-mediated benzodithiolone formation under mild conditions. Based on this reaction, specific fluorescent probes for H2S(n) are prepared and evaluated. The probe DSP-3 shows good selectivity and sensitivity for H2S(n).