gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Increase in rabbit corneal curvature by heated ring application. (1981)

This study demonstrated that increases of corneal curvature in living rabbits could be induced through the application of heated brass rings. The peak increase averaged 10.5 D in a series of 19 eyes, as compared to the nontreated fellow eyes. This change tended to be transient, was not prolonged with the use of steroids locally, and tended to return to normal within two to three weeks. The mechanism of this change involved the creation of a rigid desiccated pseudo-limbus holding the cornea in the configuration of increased curvature. With the rehydration of the desiccated area, the cornea then reassumes its pretreated curvature and configuration. The application of the rings heated to about 98C produced a very low incidence of corneal ulceration. Further experiments showed that burn ulceration is a temperature-dependent phenomenon rarely found with application of heat less than 110C.
Syndecan-1 Expression Is Regulated in an Isoform-specific Manner by the Farnesoid-X Receptor (2003)

Syndecan-1 (SDC1), a transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan that participates in the binding and internalization of extracellular ligands, was identified in a screen designed to isolate genes that are regulated by the farnesoid X-receptor (FXR, NR1H4). Treatment of human hepatocytes with either naturally occurring (chenodeoxycholic acid) or synthetic (GW4064) FXR ligands resulted in both induction of SDC1 mRNA and enhanced binding, internalization, and degradation of low density lipoprotein. Transient transfection assays, using wild-type and mutant SDC1 promoter-luciferase genes, led to the identification of a nuclear hormone receptor-binding hexad arranged as a direct repeat separated by one nucleotide (DR-1) in the proximal promoter that was necessary and sufficient for activation by FXR. The wild-type, but not a mutated DR-1 element, conferred FXR responsiveness to a heterologous thymidine kinase promoter-reporter gene. Four murine FXR isoforms have been identified recently that differ either at their amino terminus and/or by the presence or absence of four amino acids in the hinge region. Interestingly, the activities of the human SDC1 promoter-reporter constructs were highly induced by the two FXR isoforms that do not contain the four-amino acid insert and were unresponsive to the isoforms containing the four amino acids. Thus, current studies demonstrate that hepatic SDC1 is induced in an FXR isoform-specific manner. Increased expression of SDC1 may account in part for the hypotriglyceridemic effect that can result from the administration of chenodeoxycholic acid to humans.
Increased dopamine and its metabolites in SH‐SY5Y neuroblastoma cells that express tyrosinase (2003)

Oxidized metabolites of dopamine, known as dopamine quinone derivatives, are thought to play a pivotal role in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Although such quinone derivatives are usually produced via the autoxidation of catecholamines, tyrosinase, which is a key enzyme in melanin biosynthesis via the production of DOPA and subsequent molecules, may potentially accelerate the induction of catecholamine quinone derivatives by its oxidase activity. In the present study, we developed neuronal cell lines in which the expression of human tyrosinase was inducible. Overexpression of tyrosinase in cultured cell lines resulted in (i) increased intracellular dopamine content; (ii) induction of oxidase activity not only for DOPA but also for dopamine; (iii) formation of melanin pigments in cell soma; and (iv) increased intracellular reactive oxygen species. Interestingly, the expressed tyrosinase protein was initially distributed in the entire cytoplasm and then accumulated to form catecholamine-positive granular structures by 3 days after the induction. The granular structures consisted of numerous rounded, dark bodies of melanin pigments and were largely coincident with the distribution of lysosomes. This cellular model that exhibits increased dopamine production will provide a useful tool for detailed analyses of the potentially noxious effects of oxidized catecholamine metabolites.
What Affects Users to Click on Display Ads on Social Media? The Roles of Message Values, Involvement, and Security (2017)

This project represents one of the few efforts in studying the effectiveness of social media advertising (ads). Specifically, the effects of three major communication components—message, channel/media, and receiver/audience—on ad clicks are examined. The message component includes perceived informativeness, entertainment, and intrusiveness of the ad; the media component focuses on social media security and the audience component focuses on their involvement. The effects of ad clicks on product evaluations and then on intentions to spread positive word-of-mouth are also investigated. A research model is developed and tested with online-survey data from 572 social media users. The contributions, practical implications, and future research directions are discussed in the context of social media.
CSPAutoGen (2016)

Content security policy (CSP) which has been standardized by W3C and adopted by all major commercial browsers-is one of the most promising approaches for defending against cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks. Although client-side adoption of CSP is successful, server-side adoption is far behind the client side: according to a large-scale survey, less than 0.002% of Alexa Top 1M websites enabled CSP. To facilitate the adoption of CSP, we propose CSPAutoGen to enable CSP in real-time, without server modifications, and being compatible with real-world websites. Specifically, CSPAutoGen trains so-called templates for each domain, generates CSPs based on the templates, rewrites incoming webpages on the fly to apply those generated CSPs, and then serves those rewritten webpages to client browsers. CSPAutoGen is designed to automatically enforce the most secure and strict version of CSP without enabling "unsafe-inline" and "unsafe-eval", i.e., CSPAutoGen can handle all the inline and dynamic scripts.
Impact of body image on quality of life and mood in mastectomized patients and amputees in Turkey. (2011)

Although mastectomy does not result in loss of physical function, distortion of body image perception is worse than that caused by extremity amputation, and distortion of the body image affects the quality of life and mood negatively in mastectomized patients.
Effect of prostacyclin and prazosin in the treatment of congestive heart failure; With special reference on the sympathetic nervous system. (1984)

Therapy to decrease the load in congestive heart failure is now classified as acute and chronic vasodilator therapy. In this symposium, we presented prostacyclin (PG I2) as an acute and prazosin as a chronic vasodilator. Their hemodynamic and clinical effectiveness were evaluated and their effect on the sympathetic nervous system was also studied. We studied the effect of intravenous prostacyclin infusion in doses of 22 +/- 11 ng/kg/min in nine patients with severe congestive heart failure refractory to digitalis and diuretic drugs. After prostacyclin infusion, mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure decreased from 21.0 +/- 7.9 to 15.0 +/- 6.6 mmHg (p less than 0.001), mean arterial pressure from 98.9 +/- 12.8 to 76.2 +/- 7.0 mmHg (p less than 0.001), systemic vascular resistance from 2,574 +/- 384 to 1,368 +/- 283 dynes X sec X cm-5 (p less than 0.001), pulmonary vascular resistance from 1,008 +/- 451 to 443 +/- 135 dynes X sec X cm-5 (p less than 0.001) and pulmonary arteriolar resistance from 330 +/- 111 to 189 +/- 73 dynes X sec X cm-5 (p less than 0.001). The cardiac index increased from 2.0 +/- 0.37 to 3.2 +/- 0.59 l/min/m2 (p less than 0.001), and the stroke index from 27.6 +/- 8.69 to 42.0 +/- 0.62 ml/m2 (p less than 0.001). Moreover, prostacyclin therapy counteracted the sensation of coldness of the limbs and face, and patients felt warmth and mild flushing of the face. The effect of prazosin on the exercise duration time until dyspnea was evaluated by the treadmill test.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Alternatively Spliced Products of the Human Kinesin Light Chain 1 (<i>KNS2</i>) Gene (2003)

Conventional kinesin is a microtubule-based molecular motor involved in the transport of membranous and non-membranous cargoes. The kinesin holoenzyme exists as a heterotetramer, consisting of two heavy chain and two light chain subunits. It is thought that one function of the light chains is to interact with the cargo. Alternative splicing of kinesin light chain pre-mRNA has been observed in lower organisms, although evidence for alternative splicing of the human gene has not been reported. We have identified 19 variants of the human KNS2 gene (KLC1) that are generated by alternative splicing of downstream exons, but calculate that KNS2 has the potential to produce 285 919 spliceforms. Corresponding spliceforms of the mouse KLC1 gene were also identified. The alternative exons are all located 3' of exon 12 and the novel spliceforms produce both alternative carboxy termini and alternative 3' untranslated regions. The observation of multiple light chain isoforms is consistent with their proposed role in specific cargo attachment.
Factors Affecting Formation and Growth of Intracranial Aneurysms (2001)

Women and cigarette smokers are at increased risk for intracranial aneurysm formation and growth. Cigarette smoking in particular hastens aneurysm growth. Cessation of smoking is important for patients with unruptured aneurysms and possibly also for those with a prior subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Enzymatic conversion of DL-.ALPHA.-amino-.EPSILON.-caprolactam into L-lysine. III. Bacterial racemization of .ALPHA.-amino-.EPSILON.-caprolactam. (1977)

1. Several bacteria were isolated from soil which grew on both D- and L-aminolactam and whose cells had an activity to racemize them. They were identified as Achromobacter obae nov. sp., Achr. cycloclastes, Alcaligenes faecalis and Flavobacterium arborescens. 2. Racemization of D- and L-aminolactam was investigated using the lyophilized cells of Achr. obae nov. sp. The optimum pH value of the reaction was about 8.0. The racemizing activity was completely inhibited by 10-4M hydroxylamine, and the inhibition was removed by 10-4M pyridoxal phosphate. Five percent D- and L-aminolactam solutions were completely racemized with a concomitant slight formation of L-lysine.
Coupled Thermal-Magnetic Analysis on Thermally Actuated Superconducting Flux Pump (2010)

This paper presents numerical analysis of the thermally actuated superconducting flux pump. Visualization of the behavior of the magnetic flux helps our understanding of flux injection mechanism. In addition, in order to confirm validity of the result, we conducted a preliminary flux pump experiment. This result qualitatively agrees well with the experimental one. The flux pump system utilizes a particular behavior that permeability of some materials such as Gadolinium is sensitive to the temperature. In this paper a simple heater is used to control the flux pump system.
MSeg: A Composite Dataset for Multi-Domain Semantic Segmentation (2020)

We present MSeg, a composite dataset that unifies se- mantic segmentation datasets from different domains. A naive merge of the constituent datasets yields poor performance due to inconsistent taxonomies and annotation practices. We reconcile the taxonomies and bring the pixel-level annotations into alignment by relabeling more than 220,000 object masks in more than 80,000 images. The resulting composite dataset enables training a single semantic segmentation model that functions effectively across domains and generalizes to datasets that were not seen during training. We adopt zero-shot cross-dataset transfer as a benchmark to systematically evaluate a model's robustness and show that MSeg training yields substantially more robust models in comparison to training on individual datasets or naive mixing of datasets without the presented contributions. A model trained on MSeg ranks first on the WildDash leaderboard for robust semantic segmentation, with no exposure to WildDash data during training.
Effects of Epinephrine, Benzalkonium Chloride, and Intraocular Miotics on Corneal Endothelium (1979)

Drugs formulated for use both inside and outside of the eye were tested for their potential toxic effects on the corneal endothelium. Commercially available epinephrine 1:1000 was toxic to the corneal endothelium, but solutions diluted fivefold caused no endothelial damage. The toxic agent was the sodium bisulfite 0.1% preservative. Benzalkonium chloride is highly toxic to corneal endothelium in its commonly used concentration of 0.01% and had to be diluted one thousand times to prevent endothelial damage. Ophthalmic medications for extraocular use should never be used intracamerally. Miotics commonly used in surgery during intraocular lens implantation are generally nontoxic to the cornea, though caution is advised in the use of carbachol in patients with preexisting endothelial disease and in patients having procedures in which substantial mechanical trauma to the endothelium may occur.
Synthetic Strategies for Oseltamivir Phosphate (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 11/2008) (2008)

Abstract The cover picture shows the chemical structure of oseltamivir phosphate (Tamiflu). Its representative starting materials and the asymmetric catalysts that provide its starting materials are also shown. Anybody can catch influenza. However, it is very scary, as it can be fatal. Oseltamivir phosphate is a potent antiinfluenza drug, that could protect humans from a possible influenza pandemic. The development of a synthetic route for oseltamivir phosphate that can satisfy its worldwide demand in a safe and environmentally friendly way is a great challenge today. In the Microreview by M. Shibasaki and M. Kanai on p. 1839 ff, synthetic strategies of oseltamivir are presented.
Membrane-Type Serine Protease-1/Matriptase Induces Interleukin-6 and -8 in Endothelial Cells by Activation of Protease-Activated Receptor-2 (2007)

MT-SP1/matriptase induces release of proinflammatory cytokines in endothelial cells through activation of PAR-2. MT-SP1/matriptase is expressed in monocytes, thus, interaction of monocytic MT-SP1/matriptase with endothelial PAR-2 may contribute to atherosclerosis.
Multianvil-Synthese, Pulver-Röntgenstrukturanalyse, 31P-MAS-NMR- und FTIR-Spektroskopie sowie Materialeigenschaften von γ-P3N5, einer Hochdruckphase von binärem Phosphor(V)-nitrid mit verzerrt quadratischen PN5-Pyramiden und PN4-TetraedernProfessor Welf Bronger zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet (2002)

Die Hochdruckphase γ-P3N5 wurde ausgehend von teilkristallinem P3N5 bei einem Druck von 11 GPa und einer Temperatur von 1500 °C in einer Multianvil-Apparatur synthetisiert. Die Kristallstruktur wurde auf der Basis von Pulver-Röntgenbeugungsdaten mit Direkten Methoden gelöst und nach dem Rietveld-Verfahren verfeinert (Imm2, a = 1287, 21(4), b = 261, 312(6), c = 440, 03(2) pm, Z = 2, Rp = 0, 073, wRp = 0, 094, RF = 0, 048). γ-Phosphor(V)-nitrid kristallisiert demnach in einer Raumnetzstruktur aus eckenverknüpften PN4-Tetraedern und verzerrt quadratischen PN5-Pyramiden. In Übereinstimmung mit der Röntgenstrukturanalyse werden im 31P-MAS-NMR-Spektrum von γ-P3N5 zwei scharfe isotrope Resonanzen bei —11, 95(3) und —101, 72(7) ppm im Intensitätsverhältnis 1 : 2, 02(5) gefunden. Die IR-spektroskopischen Eigenschaften sowie das thermische Verhalten von γ-P3N5 werden beschrieben. Messungen der Vickers-Härte ergaben für gesinterte Presslinge aus polykristallinem γ-P3N5 einen Wert von 9, 7(21) GPa. Dieser liegt deutlich über dem für teilkristallines P3N5 (5, 1(7) GPa). Multianvil Synthesis, X-ray Powder Diffraction Analysis, 31P-MAS-NMR, and FTIR Spektroscopy as well as Material Properties of γ-P3N5, a High-Pressure Polymorph of Binary Phosphorus(V) Nitride, Built up from Distorted PN5 Square Pyramids and PN4 Tetrahedra The high-pressure phase γ-P3N5 was synthesized at a pressure of 11 GPa and a temperature of 1500 °C in a multianvil apparatus. Partially crystalline P3N5 has been used as a starting material. The crystal structure was solved by direct methods on the basis of X-ray powder diffraction data and it was refined by the Rietveld method (Imm2, a = 1287.21(4), b = 261.312(6), c = 440.03(2) pm, Z = 2, Rp = 0.073, wRp = 0.094, RF = 0.048). γ-phosphorus nitride crystallizes in a three-dimensional network structure built up from corner sharing PN4 tetrahedra and trans-edge sharing distorted PN5 square pyramids. In the 31P-MAS-NMR spectrum two sharp isotropic resonances with an intensity ratio of 1 : 2.02(5) are observed at —11.95(3) and —101.72(7) ppm, respectively. The IR-spectroscopic and thermal properties of γ-P3N5 are described. Measurement of the Vickers hardness resulted in a value of 9.7(21) GPa for sintered polycrystalline γ-P3N5, which is significantly higher than that for the partially crystalline normal pressure modification of P3N5 (5.1(7) GPa).
Accessory receptors regulate coupling of the T-cell receptor complex to tyrosine kinase activation and mobilization of cytoplasmic calcium in T- lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (1991)

T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cells have abundant cytoplasmic CD3/Ti but express low amounts on the cell surface and are deficient in CD3/Ti-mediated signal transduction. Nevertheless, plating T-ALL cells on dishes containing immobilized anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies with a source of growth factors induced the expression of CD25 (interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain) and stimulated the formation of blast colonies in 12 of 14 cases studied. The proliferative response to CD3 ligation was modulated by the presence of antibodies to the CD2, CD4, or CD8 accessory T-cell receptors. The effect of these accessory receptors on signal transduction mediated by CD3/Ti was next investigated by monitoring cytoplasmic calcium concentration [( Ca2+]i) and by measuring tyrosine phosphorylation after stimulation. Crosslinking CD3, CD2, CD4, or CD8 alone did not induce cytoplasmic calcium mobilization in T-ALLs, but crosslinking the accessory receptors with CD3/Ti induced calcium responses in three of the T-ALLs and enhanced calcium responses in three of the T-ALL cell lines, including HPB-ALL, MOLT-4, and CEM. Crosslinking CD4 but not CD2 with CD3/Ti greatly enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple substrates in comparison with crosslinking either CD4 or CD3/Ti separately on both normal mature T cells and the CEM T-ALL cell line. Thus, CD4 regulates CD3/Ti signal transduction in T-ALL cells through the tyrosine phosphorylation of substrates whereas CD2 may regulate [Ca2+]i signal transduction through a separate mechanism.
Comparing virtualization solutions for NFV deployment: A network management perspective (2016)

Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) is a paradigm designed to promote service agility and able to quickly generate revenue, thus encouraging competition among companies in the computer network industry. Besides the advocated benefits of NFV, management requirements should be properly taken into account. The choice of a particular NFV-based technology must consider its management requirements. However, there is still no evaluation of virtualization solutions providing an in-depth analysis from the management point-of-view. This paper presents a performance analysis of three prominent virtualization solutions: ClickOS, CoreOS, and OSv. Our results place ClickOS and CoreOS as the best solutions regarding boot time, response time, and memory consumption. Moreover, based on the results obtained for each performance metric, we provide a broad discussion about the effectiveness of each virtualization solution in fulfilling qualitative management requirements.
Inhibition of Tpl2 Kinase and TNFα Production with Quinoline‐3‐carbonitriles for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Size-dependent oxygen reduction property of octahedral Pt–Ni nanoparticle electrocatalysts (2014)

The size effect on the electrocatalytic property of octahedral Pt–Ni alloy nanoparticles in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was studied by making particles with different sizes and conducting electrochemical measurements. Octahedral Pt–Ni nanoparticles on carbon support (Pt–Ni/C) were produced using a facile and surfactant-free solid-state chemistry method. Two groups of octahedral Pt–Ni/C, including Pt3Ni/C and Pt1.5Ni/C, with particle size ranging from around 4 to 8 nm were prepared. Both the ORR activity and the stability of the two group catalysts were studied, which exhibited varying dependence over the particle size. The different relationships between the Pt–Ni size and the ORR property were investigated and attributed to alterations in the particle electronic/geometric structure and the Ni leaching behaviour.
Using Parallel Bloom Filters for Multiattribute Representation on Network Services (2009)

One widely used mechanism for representing membership of a set of items is the simple space-efficient randomized data structure known as Bloom filters. Yet, Bloom filters are not entirely suitable for many new network applications that support network services like the representation and querying of items that have multiple attributes as opposed to a single attribute. In this paper, we present an approach to the accurate and efficient representation and querying of multiattribute items using Bloom filters. The approach proposes three variant structures of Bloom filters: parallel Bloom filter (referred as PBF) structure, PBF with a hash table (PBF-HT), and PBF with a Bloom filter (PBF-BF). PBF stores multiple attributes of an item in parallel Bloom filters. The auxiliary HT and BF provide functions to capture the inherent dependency of all attributes of an item. Compared to standard Bloom filters to represent items with multiple attributes, the proposed PBF facilitates much faster query service and both PBF-HT and PBF-BF structures achieve much lower false positive probability with a result to save storage space. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the new space-efficient Bloom filter structures can efficiently and accurately represent multiattribute items and quickly respond queries at the cost of a relatively small false positive probability.
Glycoproteins V and Ib-IX form a noncovalent complex in the platelet membrane. (1992)

Platelet glycoprotein (GP) V is a Mr 82,000 plasma membrane protein of unknown function that is cleaved by the potent platelet agonist, thrombin, to yield a Mr 69,500 fragment (GPVf1). Platelet GPIb, a disulfide-linked alpha beta heterodimer (Mr 160,000) that forms a noncovalent complex with GPIX (Mr 22,000), functions as the platelet adhesion receptor for surface-bound von Willebrand factor. Association between GPV and GPIb-IX has been suggested by the finding that both proteins are deficient in the Bernard-Soulier syndrome, a bleeding disorder characterized by giant platelets and defective interaction with von Willebrand factor. Here we report that GPV and GPIb-IX are coprecipitated by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against GPV, GPIb, or GPIX when platelets are solubilized in the mild detergent, digitonin. Treatment of digitonin immunopreciptates with the nonionic detergent, Nonidet P-40, released GPV from anti-GPIb and anti-GPIX mAb precipitates and GPIb-IX from the anti-GPV mAb precipitate. Removal of the Mr 45,000 amino-terminal part of GPIb alpha by treatment with elastase did not abrogate association of GPV with GPIb-IX, showing that the leucine-rich repeat sequences in GPIb alpha are not required for complex formation. Binding studies with 125I-labeled mAbs showed the presence of 24,370 GPIb-IX complexes and 11,170 molecules of GPV/platelet (n = 5). These data show that the leucine-rich glycoproteins GPV and GPIb-IX form a noncovalent complex in the platelet membrane. GPV may play a role in the interaction of platelets with von Willebrand factor.