gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optical fiber taper coupled glass microsphere resonators (2001)

This thesis studies optical fiber taper coupled dielectric microsphere resonators and their applications. Fundamental properties including ideal coupling and critical coupling in an optical fiber taper to fused silica glass
microsphere coupling system is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. A symmetrical dual-taper coupling configuration is proposed to obtain highly efficient power transfer from the taper coupler to the microsphere resonator. Applications as channel add/drop filters and microsphere lasers are also demonstrated.
The physical essence of the fiber taper to silica microsphere is analyzed using a two-dimensional model. The relationship between the coupling strength and the
cavity loss is unveiled. Adiabatic tapers and high-quality microspheres are fabricated and used to demonstrate actual coupling systems. Perfect agreement between the experimental results and the theoretical prediction is presented.
Power transfer from the taper to a microsphere resonator has been significantly improved by employing a dual-taper symmetrically coupling configuration. Up to -28 dB extinction at the central resonant wavelength has
been measured.
We then propose a device application of the taper-sphere-taper structure as a channel add/drop filter in the wavelength division multiplexing systems. For a
filter with a bandwidth of 3.8 GHz and a dropping channel isolation of 26 dB, the bit-error-rate measurement shows no power penalty at 2.5 Gbit/s.
A 1.5 µm wavelength single-frequency fiber laser is also demonstrated using a single tapered fiber coupling to a highly doped erbium:ytterbium phosphate glass
microsphere. The fiber taper serves the dual purpose of transporting optical pump power into the sphere and extracting the resulting laser emission. As low
as 60 µW pump threshold and fiber-coupled output power as high as 3 µW with single mode operation are obtained. Imaging of photoluminescence from the sphere at visible wavelengths reveals the pump power is resonantly coupled into semiclassical orbits due to the strong absorption damping in the phosphate glass. A bi-sphere laser system consisting of two microspheres attached to a single fiber
taper is also demonstrated.
Finally, a novel hybrid fiber taper, made from a combination of a 980 nm single mode fiber and a 1550 nm single mode fiber, is proposed and demonstrated
as the micros ph ere laser coupler. Both the pump wave and laser emission are found to be more efficiently coupled to and from, respectively, the sphere modes. As high as 112 µW single-frequency laser output power is measured with a differential quantum efficiency of 12%.
Orthogonal space-time block coding with antenna selection and power allocation (2003)

A system that uses the Alamouti code on two out of three transmit antennas selected via feedback is studied. It is shown that in addition to optimal antenna selection, optimal power allocation can improve the performance with 1 dB in uncorrelated Rayleigh fading. The impact of errors in the feedback link is also studied.
Cosmc is an essential chaperone for correct protein O-glycosylation (2010)

Cosmc is a molecular chaperone thought to be required for expression of active T-synthase, the only enzyme that galactosylates the Tn antigen (GalNAcalpha1-Ser/Thr-R) to form core 1 Galbeta1-3GalNAcalpha1-Ser/Thr (T antigen) during mucin type O-glycan biosynthesis. Here we show that ablation of the X-linked Cosmc gene in mice causes embryonic lethality and Tn antigen expression. Loss of Cosmc is associated with loss of T-synthase but not other enzymes required for glycoprotein biosynthesis, demonstrating that Cosmc is specific in vivo for the T-synthase. We generated genetically mosaic mice with a targeted Cosmc deletion and survivors exhibited abnormalities correlated with Tn antigen expression that are related to several human diseases.
AROMATASE FAILS TO MEDIATE THE PROLIFERATIVE EFFECTS OF ADRENAL ANDROGENS ON CULTURED MCF-7 BREAST-CANCER CELLS (1992)

Dehydroepiandrosterone and 5-en-Androstene-3beta, 17beta-diol affect MCF-7 human breast cancer cell growth through estrogen receptor, as shown by Tamoxifen counteraction. To assess whether the aromatization of these adrenal androgens to classical estrogens is required to stimulate proliferation, we evaluated the aromatase activity of MCF-7 cells. Aromatase activity was determined in both whole cells grown as monolayer cultures and microsomal fraction of cell homogenates. The conversion of Androstendione to Estrone was very low in cell cultures. By contrast, a high aromatase activity was found in cell homogenates, indicating that in isolated microsomal fractions of MCF-7 cells aromatase is unveiled. Since in whole cultured MCF-7 cells the conversion of androgens to estrogens is negligible, we suggest that the stimulatory effect of DHEA and ADIOL on the 'in vitro' growth of MCF-7 does not involve the aromatase pathway.
A PCA and ELM Based Adaptive Method for Channel Equalization in MFL Inspection (2014)

Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) as an efficient method for pipeline flaw detection plays important role in pipeline safety. This nondestructive test technique assesses the health of the buried pipeline. The signal is gathered by an array of hall‐effect sensors disposed at the magnetic neutral plane of a pair of permanent magnet in the pipeline inspection gauge (PIG) clinging to the inner surface of the pipe wall. The magnetic flux measured by the sensors reflects the health condition of the pipe. The signal is influenced by not only the condition of the pipe, but also by the lift‐off value of the sensors and various properties of electronic component. The consistency of the position of the sensors is almost never satisfied and each sensor measures differently. In this paper, a new scheme of channel equalization is proposed for MFL signal in order to correct sensor misalignments, which eventually improves accuracy of defect characterization. The algorithm proposed in this paper is adaptive to the effects of error on the disposition of the sensor due to manufacturing imperfections and movements of the sensors. The algorithm is tested by data acquired from an experimental pipeline. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Neurosteroids: a new function in the brain (1991)

"Neurosteroids" accumulate in the central nervous system independently of supply by peripheral endocrine glands. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) and pregnenolone (delta 5P) were first found in the rat brain. Then, a steroid biosynthetic pathway was demonstrated in oligodendrocytes, mostly by enzyme immunocytochemistry and biochemical studies in primary cultures of glial cells, where the formation, from appropriate radioactive precursors, of delta 5P, delta 5-pregn-3 beta, 20 alpha-diol (20 alpha-DH delta 5P), progesterone (P), 5 alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione (5 alpha-DHP) and 3 alpha-hydroxy-5 alpha-pregnane-20-one (3 alpha, 5 alpha-THP), as well as estrogen-induced nuclear progesterone receptor (PR) was observed. Several biological effects of neurosteroids have been observed, such as electrical stimulation of neurones, involvement in behaviorial activities, modulation of GABAA-receptor (GABAA-R) function (potentiated by 3 alpha, 5 alpha-THP and its 21-hydroxyderivative, antagonized by delta 5P- and DHA-sulfates) and growth/differentiation of glial cells in vitro. Preliminary findings suggest that the neurosteroid concept applies to all mammalian species, including man. Further investigations should assess the pathophysiological significance of the synthesis of neurosteroids and decipher their mechanisms of action via nuclear and membrane receptors.
Tetanus and Botulinum Neurotoxins Are Zinc Proteases Specific for Components of the Neuroexocytosis Apparatus<sup>a</sup> (1994)

Tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins bind to nerve cells, penetrate the cytosol, and block neurotransmitter release. Comparison of their amino-acid sequences shows the presence of the highly conserved His-Glu-x-x-His zinc-binding motif of zinc-endopeptidases (HExxH). Atomic absorption measurements of clostridial neurotoxins show the presence of one atom of zinc/toxin molecule bound to the light chain. The toxin-bound zinc ion is essential for the neurotoxins inhibition of neurotransmitter release in Aplysia neurons injected with the toxins. Phosphoramidon, a very specific inhibitor of zinc-endopeptidases, blocks the intracellular activity of the clostridial neurotoxins. Highly purified preparations of the light chain of tetanus and botulinum B and F neurotoxins cleaved specifically VAMP/synaptobrevin, an integral membrane protein of small synaptic vesicles, both in vivo and in vitro. From these studies, it can be concluded that the clostridial neurotoxins responsible for tetanus and botulism block neuroexocytosis via the proteolytic cleavage of specific components of the neuroexocytotic machinery.
A Network Architecture for Point Cloud Classification via Automatic Depth Images Generation (2018)

We propose a novel neural network architecture for point cloud classification. Our key idea is to automatically transform the 3D unordered input data into a set of useful 2D depth images, and classify them by exploiting well performing image classification CNNs. We present new differentiable module designs to generate depth images from a point cloud. These modules can be combined with any network architecture for processing point clouds. We utilize them in combination with state-of-the-art classification networks, and get results competitive with the state of the art in point cloud classification. Furthermore, our architecture automatically produces informative images representing the input point cloud, which could be used for further applications such as point cloud visualization.
Altered bioavailability of platelet-derived factor VIII during thrombocytosis reverses phenotypic efficacy in haemophilic mice (2008)

Ectopic delivery of factor VIII (FVIII) to megakaryocytes (Mk) represents a viable approach for localized tenase generation by concentrating the FVIIIa/FIXa enzyme-cofactor complex onto activated platelet membranes. We utilized a core rat platelet factor 4 (PF4) promoter for Mk/platelet-restricted expression of human B-domain-deleted (hBDD) FVIII within the background of a haemophilia A mouse (rPF4/hBDD/FVIII-/-). Platelets from rPF4/hBDD/FVIII(-/-) mice contained approximately 122 mU FVIII:C/1 x 10(9) platelets/ml with no detectable plasmatic FVIII:C, and with no effect on alpha-granule-derived platelet factor V/Va function. Paired tenase assays (+/- thrombin) confirmed that platelet (pt) FVIII (unlike platelet FV) required thrombin cleavage for complete activation. rPF4/hBDD/FVIII(-/-) mice exposed to a thrombocytotic stimulus (thrombopoietin, TPO) demonstrated a statistically-significant 66% reduction in molar ptFVIII activity with a non-significant reduction in total ptFVIII biomass. Decreased molar ptFVIII concentration correlated with loss of phenotypic correction as evaluated using a haemostatic tail-snip assay. Comparative studies using a transgenic mouse expressing human amyloid-beta-precursor protein (hAbetaPP) from the rPF4 promoter confirmed diminished hAbetaPP expression without affecting endogenous alpha-granule PF4, establishing generalizability of these observations. While Mk/platelet-released ptFVIII (unlike pFV) is proteolytically inactive, we also conclude that thrombocytotic stimuli negatively affect ptFVIII bioavailability and phenotypic efficacy, results which correlate best with molar ptFVIII concentration, and not systemically available ptFVIII.
Lean Burn Natural Gas Operation vs. Stoichiometric Operation with EGR and a Three Way Catalyst (2005)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Exhaust Emissions from lean burn natural gas engines may not always be as low as the potential permits, especially engines with open loop lambda control. These engines can produce much higher emissions than a comparable diesel engine without exhaust gas after treatment. Even if the engine has closed loop lambda control, emissions are often unacceptably high for future emission regulations. A three way catalyst is, today, the best way to reduce hazardous emissions. The drawback is that the engine has to operate with a stoichiometric mixture and this leads to; higher heat losses, higher pumping work at low to medium loads, higher thermal stress on the engine and higher knock tendency (requiring lower compression ratio, and thus lower brake efficiency). One way to reduce these drawbacks is to dilute the stoichiometric mixture with EGR. This paper compares lean burn operation with operation at stoichiometric conditions diluted with EGR, and using a three way catalyst. The results show that nitric oxides (NO<sub>X</sub>) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions are several orders of magnitude lower than at lean operation. Higher loads can be achieved, and brake efficiency is higher than lean operation optimized for low NO<sub>X</sub> production. A fast burning (high turbulence) combustion chamber is used to allow high amounts of dilution.</div>
A practical tile size selection model for affine loop nests (2021)

Loop tiling for locality is an important transformation for general-purpose and domain-specific compilation as it allows programs to exploit the benefits of deep memory hierarchies. Most code generation tools with the infrastructure to perform automatic tiling of loop nests rely on auto-tuning to find good tile sizes. Tile size selection models proposed in the literature either fall back to modeling complex non-linear optimization problems or tackle a narrow class of inputs. Hence, a fast and generic tile size selection model is desirable for it to be adopted into compiler infrastructures like those of GCC, LLVM, or MLIR.
From Kuramoto to Crawford: exploring the onset of synchronization in populations of coupled oscillators (2000)

The Kuramoto model describes a large population of coupled limit-cycle oscillators whose natural frequencies are drawn from some prescribed distribution. If the coupling strength exceeds a certain threshold, the system exhibits a phase transition: some of the oscillators spontaneously synchronize, while others remain incoherent. The mathematical analysis of this bifurcation has proved both problematic and fascinating. We review 25 years of research on the Kuramoto model, highlighting the false turns as well as the successes, but mainly following the trail leading from Kuramoto’s work to Crawford’s recent contributions. It is a lovely winding road, with excursions through mathematical biology, statistical physics, kinetic theory, bifurcation theory, and plasma physics.
Plants, Equipment, and Machines for the Production of Synthetic Yarns and Fibers (1999)

No AccessSynthetic FibersSep 1999Plants, Equipment, and Machines for the Production of Synthetic Yarns and FibersFranz FournéFranz FournéSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446401334.004SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 1999Pages: 227-523Print ISBN: 978-3-446-16072-9eISBN: 978-3-446-40133-4 Copyright & Permissions© 1999 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Integrating deep learning and unbiased automated high-content screening to identify complex disease signatures in human fibroblasts (2020)

Drug discovery for diseases such as Parkinson’s disease are impeded by the lack of screenable cellular phenotypes. We present an unbiased phenotypic profiling platform that combines automated cell culture, high-content imaging, Cell Painting, and deep learning. We applied this platform to primary fibroblasts from 91 Parkinson’s disease patients and matched healthy controls, creating the largest publicly available Cell Painting image dataset to date at 48 terabytes. We use fixed weights from a convolutional deep neural network trained on ImageNet to generate deep embeddings from each image and train machine learning models to detect morphological disease phenotypes. Our platform’s robustness and sensitivity allow the detection of individual-specific variation with high fidelity across batches and plate layouts. Lastly, our models confidently separate LRRK2 and sporadic Parkinson’s disease lines from healthy controls (receiver operating characteristic area under curve 0.79 (0.08 standard deviation)), supporting the capacity of this platform for complex disease modeling and drug screening applications.
Hitting the Memory Wall: Implications of the Obvious (1995)

This brief note points out something obvious--- something the authors &quot;knew&quot; without really understanding. With apologies to those who did understand, we offer it to those others who, like us, missed the point. We all know that the rate of improvement in microprocessor speed exceeds the rate of improvement in DRAM memory speed--- each is improving exponentially, but the exponent for microprocessors is substantially larger than that for DRAMs. The difference between diverging exponentials also grows exponentially; so, although the disparity between processor and memory speed is already an issue, downstream someplace it will be a much bigger one. How big and how soon? The answers to these questions are what the authors had failed to appreciate. To get a handle on the answers, consider an old friend--- the equation for the average time to access memory, where t c and t m are the cache and DRAM access times and p is the probability of a cache hit: We want to look at how the average access time changes with technology, so we&apos;ll make some conservative assumptions; as you&apos;ll see, the specific values won&apos;t change the basic conclusion of this note, namely that we are going to hit a wall in the improvement of system performance unless something basic changes. t_avg p t c 1 p-- ( ) t
Nanoplasmonic Approaches for Sensitive Detection and Molecular Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles (2019)

All cells release a multitude of nanoscale extracellular vesicles (nEVs) into circulation, offering immense potential for new diagnostic strategies. Yet, clinical translation for nEVs remains a challenge due to their vast heterogeneity, our insufficient ability to isolate subpopulations, and the low frequency of disease-associated nEVs in biofluids. The growing field of nanoplasmonics is poised to address many of these challenges. Innovative materials engineering approaches based on exploiting nanoplasmonic phenomena, i.e., the unique interaction of light with nanoscale metallic materials, can achieve unrivaled sensitivity, offering real-time analysis and new modes of medical and biological imaging. We begin with an introduction into the basic structure and function of nEVs before critically reviewing recent studies utilizing nanoplasmonic platforms to detect and characterize nEVs. For the major techniques considered, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), localized SPR, and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), we introduce and summarize the background theory before reviewing the studies applied to nEVs. Along the way, we consider notable aspects, limitations, and considerations needed to apply plasmonic technologies to nEV detection and analysis.
World’s First Full STIG™ LM5000 Installed at Simpson Paper Company (1989)

In early 1988, Simpson Paper Company installed the world’s first GE LM5000 cogeneration plant with full high and low pressure steam injection. The full STIG LM5000 achieves a dramatic power increase (from 32.5 MW to 49.5 MW) and remarkable improvements in efficiency from 36 to 43 percent, while reducing NOx emissions from 225 to less than 25 ppmv before further reduction with SCR. The plant, installed at Ripon, CA, features: (1) 130,000 lb/hr (59,000 kg/h) of steam injection at three locations on the gas turbine; (2) the first-time use of SCR with the STIG LM5000 resulting in an ultimate NOx emission rate of 6-13 ppmv; (3) a unique feedwater heat exchanger arrangement to reduce boiler stack temperature to 250°F (121°C); and (4) an innovative submicron inlet air filtration system to minimize the need for compressor washing. The details of cycle selection, design, installation, performance, and economic benefits of this first full STIG installation provide a useful insight into the potential of a flexible new technology.
Self‐healing techniques utilizing virtual path concept for ATM networks (1992)

Abstract Strong international effort has been made toward the realization of a B‐ISDN based on ATM techniques. This paper proposes self‐healing techniques for enhancing ATM network reliability. Self‐healing is defined here as failed path restoration with distributed control mechanism by using cross‐connects. First, the characteristics of virtual paths (VPs) are compared with those of digital paths in STM networks. It is clarified that VP benefits can be exploited for network restoration upon failure. Two high‐speed self‐healing algorithms that make the best use of VP characteristics are then proposed for restoring single‐link failures. A technique for multiple‐link failure restoration also is proposed. Finally, restoration performance is evaluated by computer simulation. It is confirmed that the proposed algorithm enables faster restoration than that possible using the existing algorithm for STM networks.
Radikale durch Oxidation von λ<sup>5</sup>‐Phosphorin‐Derivaten (1981)

Abstract λ 5 ‐Phosphorine 1 mit exocyclischen OCH 3 ‐Substituenten werden elektrolytisch oder chemisch zuerst zu den weniger beständigen Kationradikalen 2 und dann durch CH 3 ⊕‐Abspaltung zu den sehr stabilen Neutralradikalen 3 oxidiert. λ 5 ‐Phosphorine mit F oder N(CH 3 ) 2 am P‐Atom bilden unmittelbar die Neutralradikale 7 bzw. 13 . In Gegenwart von Fluor‐Ionen wird jedoch 1,1‐Difluor‐λ 5 ‐phosphorin 5a zum Kationradikal 6a oxidiert, das durch Wasser in das Neutralradikal 7a übergeht. Die kleinen a p der ESR‐Spektren beweisen, daß die Kation‐ und Neutralradikale Cyclohexadienyl‐Radikale sind. Das P‐Atom ist nicht an der Delokalisierung des ungepaarten Elektrons beteiligt. Durch die Synthese von an C‐2/6 oder C‐4 durch 13 C markiertem 2,4,6‐Tri‐ tert ‐butyl‐1,1‐dimethoxy‐λ 5 ‐phosphorin (1c) wurden die 13 C‐Kopplungskonstanten der hieraus erzeugten Radikale (2c und 3c ) bestimmt und mit denen iso‐ oder heterocyclischer Cyclohexadienyl‐Radikale verglichen.
Effects of Nonionic Intravenous Contrast Agents at PET/CT Imaging: Phantom and Canine Studies (2003)

High concentrations of a contrast agent caused considerable overestimation of apparent tracer activity in phantom studies; however, the emission bias was relatively modest in vivo, except in areas with very high contrast agent concentrations.
Optimization Methods for Supervised Machine Learning: From Linear Models to Deep Learning (2017)

TutORials in Operations Research is a collection of tutorials published annually and designed for students, faculty, and practitioners. The series provides in-depth instruction on significant operations research topics and methods. INFORMS has published the series, founded by Harvey J. Greenberg, since 2005.
Combining relational algebra, <i>SQL</i>, constraint modelling, and local search (2007)

Abstract The goal of this paper is to provide a strong integration between constraint modelling and relational DBMSs. To this end we propose extensions of standard query languages such as relational algebra and SQL , by adding constraint modelling capabilities to them. In particular, we propose non-deterministic extensions of both languages, which are specially suited for combinatorial problems. Non-determinism is introduced by means of a guessing operator, which declares a set of relations to have an arbitrary extension. This new operator results in languages with higher expressive power, able to express all problems in the complexity class NP. Some syntactical restrictions which make data complexity polynomial are shown. The effectiveness of both extensions is demonstrated by means of several examples. The current implementation, written in Java using local search techniques, is described.