gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synergistic down-regulation of urokinase plasminogen activator receptor and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in SNB19 glioblastoma cells efficiently inhibits glioma cell invasion, angiogenesis, and tumor growth. (2003)

The binding of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) to its receptor (uPAR) initiates a proteolytic cascade facilitating the activation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), which in turn degrades the extracellular matrix. These processes have an established role in tumor invasion and metastasis. Our previous work revealed an inverse association between glioma invasion and the expression of uPAR and MMP-9. In the present study, we used the adenovirus serotype 5 vector system to generate a replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus capable of simultaneously expressing antisense uPAR and antisense MMP-9 (Ad-uPAR-MMP-9). This adenoviral construct is driven by the independent promoter elements cytomegalovirus and bovine growth hormone and SV40 polyadenylation signals to down-regulate key steps in the proteolytic cascade. Ad-uPAR-MMP-9 infection of SNB19 cells significantly decreased uPAR and MMP-9 expression as determined by immunohistochemical and Western blotting analyses. A Matrigel invasion assay revealed marked reduction in the invasiveness of the Ad-uPAR-MMP-9-infected cells compared with parental and vector controls. Tumor spheroids infected with Ad-uPAR-MMP-9 and cocultured with fetal rat brain aggregates did not invade rat brain aggregates, whereas 90-95% of the mock and empty vector-infected cells invaded the rat brain aggregates. Intracranial injection of SNB19 cells infected ex vivo with the Ad-uPAR-MMP-9 antisense bicistronic construct showed decreased invasiveness and tumorigenicity. s.c. injections of the bicistronic antisense construct into established tumors (U87 MG) caused tumor regression. These results support the therapeutic potential of targeting the individual components of the uPAR-MMP-9 by using a single adenovirus construct for the treatment of gliomas and other cancers.
Use of a DNA probe to detect Salmonella typhi in the blood of patients with typhoid fever (1989)

A DNA probe was used to detect Salmonella typhi from blood samples from 14 of 33 patients with culture-confirmed typhoid fever, using the equivalent of 2.5 ml of blood. In contrast, S. typhi was detected in 17 of the same 33 patients by culture of 8 ml of blood. The probe hybridized to blood samples of 4 of 47 patients from whom S. typhi was not isolated.
Wavelet-based identification of delamination defect in cmp (cu-low k) using nonstationary acoustic emission signal (2003)

Wavelet-based multiscale analysis approaches have revolutionized the tasks of signal processing, such as image and data compression. However, the scope of wavelet-based methods in the fields of statistical applications, such as process monitoring, density estimation, and defect identification, are still in their early stages of evolution. Recent literature contains some applications of wavelet-based methods in monitoring, such as tool-life monitoring, bearing defect monitoring, and monitoring of ultra-precision processes. This paper presents a novel application of a wavelet-based multiscale method in a nanomachining process [chemical mechanical planarization (CMP)] of wafer fabrication. The application involves identification of delamination defect of low-k dielectric layers by analyzing the nonstationary acoustic emission (AE) signal and coefficient of friction (CoF) signal collected during copper damascene (Cu-low k) CMP process. An offline strategy and a moving window-based strategy for online implementation of the wavelet monitoring approach are developed. Both offline and moving window-based strategies are implemented on the data collected from two different sources. The results show that the wavelet-based approach using the AE signal offers an efficient means for real-time detection of delamination defects in CMP processes. Such an online strategy, in contrast to the existing offline approaches, offers a viable tool for CMP process control. The results also indicate that the CoF signal is insensitive to delamination defect.
Combining Model-based and Genetics-based Offspring Generation for Multi-objective Optimization Using a Convergence Criterion (2006)

In our previous work [1], it has been shown that the performance of multi-objective evolutionary algorithms can be greatly enhanced if the regularity in the distribution of Pareto-optimal solutions is used. This paper suggests a new hybrid multi-objective evolutionary algorithm by introducing a convergence based criterion to determine when the model-based method and when the genetics-based method should be used to generate offspring in each generation. The basic idea is that the genetics-based method, i. e., crossover and mutation, should be used when the population is far away from the Pareto front and no obvious regularity in population distribution can be observed. When the population moves towards the Pareto front, the distribution of the individuals will show increasing regularity and in this case, the model-based method should be used to generate offspring. The proposed hybrid method is verified on widely used test problems and our simulation results show that the method is effective in achieving Pareto-optimal solutions compared to two state-of-the-art evolutionary multi-objective algorithms: NSGA-II and SPEA2, and our pervious method in [1].
Numerical Simulations of Nanolayered Heterostructures of Nanopatterned Graphene and Vanadium Oxide for Mid-Infrared Photodetectors Operating Close to Room Temperature (2022)

We present the model of an ultrasensitive mid-infrared (mid-IR) photodetector consisting of a hybrid heterostructure made of nanopatterned graphene (NPG) and vanadium dioxide (VO2) which exhibits a large responsivity of R∼105 V/W, a detectivity exceeding D* ∼ 1010 Jones, and a sensitivity in terms of noise-equivalent power NEP ∼ 10 fW/Hz close to room temperature by taking advantage of the phase change of a thin VO2 film. Our proposed photodetector can reach an absorption of nearly 100% in monolayer graphene because of localized surface plasmons (LSPs) around the patterned circular holes. The geometry of the nanopattern and an electrostatic gate potential can be used to tune the absorption peak in the mid-IR regime between 3 and 12 μm. After the photon absorption by the LSPs in the NPG sheet, the phase change of VO2 from insulating to metallic phase is triggered, resulting in a current through the VO2 sheet due to the applied bias voltage Vb. The response time is about 1 ms, shorter than the detection times of current VO2 bolometers. With use of a gradient thickness of the VO2 layer, a linear dependence between input power Pinc of the incident light and the photocurrent Iph is achieved. Our envisioned mid-IR photodetector reaches detectivities of cryogenically cooled HgCdTe photodetectors and sensitivities larger than VO2 microbolometers while operating close to room temperature.
Elimination of  -mannose glycan structures in Pichia pastoris (2011)

The methylotrophic yeast, Pichia pastoris, is an important organism used for the production of therapeutic proteins. However, the presence of fungal-like glycans, such as those containing β-mannose (Man) linkages, can elicit an immune response or bind to Man receptors, thus reducing their efficacy. Recent studies have confirmed that P. pastoris has four genes from the β-mannosyl transferase (BMT) family and that Bmt2p is responsible for the majority of β-Man linkages on glycans. While expressing recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) in a developmental glycoengineered strain devoid of BMT2 gene expression, cross-reactivity was observed with an antibody raised against host cell antigens. Treatment of the rhEPO with protein N-glycosidase F eliminated cross-reactivity, indicating that the antigen was associated with the glycan. Thorough analysis of the glycan profile of rhEPO demonstrated the presence of low amounts of α-1,2-mannosidase resistant high-Man glycoforms. In an attempt to eliminate the α-mannosidase resistant glycoforms, we used a systemic approach to genetically knock-out the remaining members of the BMT family culminating in a quadruple bmt2,4,1,3 knock-out strain. Data presented here conclude that the additive elimination of Bmt2p, Bmt3p and Bmt1p activities are required for total abolition of β-Man-associated glycans and their related antigenicity. Taken together, the elimination of β-Man containing glycoforms represents an important step forward for the Pichia production platform as a suitable system for the production of therapeutic glycoproteins.
Image-guided cavitational ultrasound therapy histotripsy (2007)

Our recent investigations have demonstrated that mechanical tissue fractionation can be achieved using successive short (3–50 μs), high intensity ultrasound pulses delivered at low duty cycles (0.1–5%). This technique can be considered as soft tissue lithotripsy, which we call histotripsy. The acoustic pressures effective for histotripsy are similar to those used in lithotripter shockwave pulses. In bulk tissue, histotripsy produces extensive fractionation of cellular structures, resulting in a liquid cavity within the treated volume. At a tissue-fluid interface, histotripsy physically removes tissue. Histotripsy lesions have sharp boundaries, with several microns between intact and fractionated cells. The primary mechanism of histotripsy is thought to be cavitation. The production of tissue fractionation depends on initiation and maintenance of cavitation detected by acoustic and optical monitoring. Cavitation bubbles generated by histotripsy are easily detected on ultrasound imaging, which is used for targeting and real-time monitoring of the treatment progress. Histotripsy induced lesions are also clearly identifiable using ultrasound and magnetic resonant imaging. Our investigations suggest that histotripsy has potential to be developed into a new noninvasive ablation tool for many clinical applications where tissue ablation, remodeling, or removal is needed. [This research is supported by grants from NIH R01-HL077629 and Wallace Coulter Foundation.]
Spatial Binning on the GPU (2010)

For a long time games have used textures to add surface details and diversity to their virtual worlds. These textures usually consist of a basic set of diﬀerent surface appearances which are then composed at runtime by shaders to calculate the ﬁnal surface appearance. Recently there has been an increased interest in virtual texturing technologies [Barrett 08, Lefebre et al. 04,Mittring 08]. Virtual texturing allows very large textures (in the order of one gigapixel) to be applied to the game’s geometry while still remaining within the limits of today’s hardware. This allows far more varied worlds than can be achieved with composing tiling textures at a lower or comparable render cost.
Facile Amide Formation via <i>S</i>-Nitrosothioacids (2011)

Here we report a novel amide bond formation strategy from simple thioacid and amine starting materials. The reaction is mediated by unstable but very reactive S-nitrosothioacid intermediates. This fast reaction under mild conditions should be useful in synthesis.
Erucoyl Glycolates as Lubricants for Cotton Yarns (1988)

Long-chain fatty acid derivatives of glycolic acid were evaluated as yarn lubricants for the preparation of cotton knitted fabrics. All experimental compounds imparted excellent lubricity, as measured by coefficient of friction, to both bleached and dyed cotton yarns. Yarns treated with polymeric sizing agents then topped with these compounds also exhibited improved lubricity. These treatments, therefore, have potential for greater efficiency in weaving as well as knitting fabrics. Frictional prop erties of these glycolic acid derivatives were among the best compared to commer cially available yarn lubricants.
Features of active sidestick controllers (1995)

This paper discusses the advantages of incorporating active sidesticks into a modern aircraft cockpit. Active sidestick controllers for manual pilot inputs in pitch and roll are examined for commercial transport aircraft. Options and requirements for sidesticks are reviewed. The recommendation of an active sidestick controller is developed providing both cross-cockpit coupling and autopilot backdrive capability. These characteristics provide pilot cues identical to traditional cable-linked column/yoke configurations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Development and large scale performance of efficient xylose fermenting yeast strains (2011)

Fermentation at large industrial scale poses several challenges for the fermenting microorganism to handle. Thus, for an efficient production it is desirable to have robust and efficient strains which can cope with the specific conditions in the process. For bioethanol production by yeast from lignocellulosic material the substrate for growth constitutes one of the largest challenges due to its mixture of sugars and content of inhibitory compounds. Wild-type strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae can only convert hexose sugars but not the pentoses, xylose and arabinose, which may be present in lignocellulosic material. However, strains have been genetically modified to allow for xylose conversion, but their performance is needed to be improved in terms of rate and efficiency. During the pre-treatment of lignocellulosic material inhibitory compounds are formed; furans, phenolics and organic acids. In an industrial setting, a robust strain back ground (industrial yeast strains) is a prerequisite, in which earlier pentose fermenting traits should be incorporated and further adaptation to the inhibitory compounds need to follow. In the present project, we have used directed evolution to simultaneously improve the inhibitor tolerance and xylose conversion capability of recombinant yeast strains with an industrial background. Improved yeast strains resulting from several strategies were evaluated and one of the best strains with high ethanol production, good xylose utilization capacity, and low xylitol formation was selected for evaluation in larger scale. Fermentations on pre-treated corn cobs were performed with good results regarding ethanol production and xylose utilization both in process development unit scale (15 l) and demonstration scale (10 m3).
Granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor administration after myocardial infarction in a porcine ischemia‐reperfusion model: Functional and pathological effects of dose timing (2007)

Early treatment with G-CSF after MI decreases ventricular dilatation, while delayed treatment has a deleterious effect on LV remodeling. This may be related to changes in myocardial vascularity. The effects of G-CSF therapy and its dose timing help to elucidate the results of recent human trials.
DENSITY CORRECTION FOR GEOPHYSICAL WELL LOGGING INSIDE DRILLING RODS (2016)

ABSTRACT. This paper brings the results of the application of a casing correction applied to density logging inside drill rods using a 137Cs source intended to iron ore exploration. A set of runs... RESUMO. Este trabalho traz os resultados da aplicação de uma correção para perfilagem geofísca no interior de haste de sondagem utilizando uma fonte de 137Cs na exploração...
Functional and Behavioral Restoration of Vision by Gene Therapy in the Guanylate Cyclase-1 (GC1) Knockout Mouse (2010)

This is the first demonstration of gene-based restoration of both visual function/vision-elicited behavior and cone preservation in a mammalian model of GC1 deficiency. Importantly, results were obtained using a well characterized, clinically relevant AAV vector. These results lay the ground work for the development of an AAV-based gene therapy vector for the treatment of LCA1.
Trends in optical transport networks and related technologies (2014)

There is a broad consensus on the vision that future transport network architecture will be dominated by optical in combination with packet. This implies a complete reassignment of the functions traditionally handled by legacy intermediate layers to packet and optical layers only. Here current advances in photonics technologies and architectures enable the optical layer to become the ideal companion of the packet world and to unlock an effective packet offload towards flexible and dynamic optical pipes. A global, cross-layer, optimization is needed to minimize the misalignment between costs and revenues and to manage the rising tide of IP traffic. The progresses in optical technology are now making possible the realization of multi-terabit transmission systems that can make possible the realization of big optical pipes. Regarding the access area, optical networking is penetrating more and more the radio access domain, and in many cases leads to optical-centric networks, which could represent the best solution in terms of costs and performance, fulfilling the requirements of future mobile systems generations. The paper reviews these technology trends and highlights the most significant achievements reached in Ericsson Research labs in the different areas.
Semantic tracking: Single-target tracking with inter-supervised convolutional networks (2016)

This article presents a semantic tracker which simultaneously tracks a single target and recognises its category. In general, it is hard to design a tracking model suitable for all object categories, e.g., a rigid tracker for a car is not suitable for a deformable gymnast. Category-based trackers usually achieve superior tracking performance for the objects of that specific category, but have difficulties being generalised. Therefore, we propose a novel unified robust tracking framework which explicitly encodes both generic features and category-based features. The tracker consists of a shared convolutional network (NetS), which feeds into two parallel networks, NetC for classification and NetT for tracking. NetS is pre-trained on ImageNet to serve as a generic feature extractor across the different object categories for NetC and NetT. NetC utilises those features within fully connected layers to classify the object category. NetT has multiple branches, corresponding to multiple categories, to distinguish the tracked object from the background. Since each branch in NetT is trained by the videos of a specific category or groups of similar categories, NetT encodes category-based features for tracking. During online tracking, NetC and NetT jointly determine the target regions with the right category and foreground labels for target estimation. To improve the robustness and precision, NetC and NetT inter-supervise each other and trigger network adaptation when their outputs are ambiguous for the same image regions (i.e., when the category label contradicts the foreground/background classification). We have compared the performance of our tracker to other state-of-the-art trackers on a large-scale tracking benchmark (100 sequences)---the obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed tracker as it outperformed other 38 state-of-the-art tracking algorithms.
Fiber-optic components tor optical-frequency division-multiplex transmission experiments with heterodyne detection (1985)

In addition to the possibility of enhancing receiver sensitivity1,2 heterodyne detection allows the separation of narrow spaced optical channels in the receiver.3,4 Figure 1 shows schematically (the fiber-optic elements are emphasized) our experimental setup for two channels at λ = 830 nm. The signals of the semiconductor lasers 1 and 2 are coupled into the polarization-maintaining single-mode fiber (PMF) link and alternatively detected by the tunable heterodyne receiver. The light frequency of laser 1 is absolutely stabilized by a fiber ring resonator; the frequency of laser 2 is held 2 GHz apart with a difference-frequency tracking loop. The frequency of the local laser is tuned to a received signal by stabilizing the intermediate frequency to 1.5 GHz. We report the requirements and features of the fiber-optic components developed for this heterodyne system.
Determination of Threshold Temperature for Cutaneous Thermal Necrosis from Ultrasonic Burn Depth Measurements (1981)

Knowledge of the in vivo threshold temperature for thermally induced dermal necrosis is important to the understanding and assessment of the total burn injury. pulse-echo system for assessing thermal injury has been used to obtain quantitative in vivo measurements of the depth of cutaneous burns experimentally induced in anesthetized Yorkshire pigs. The burn depth as a function of exposure time and surface temperature of the pig skin was measured. The data were used in the solution of the onedimensional heat diffusion equation with appropriate boundary conditions to obtain the temperature at which irreversible thermal damage to the skin occurs. Our calculated threshold temperature of (65.0 5 1.65)OC is within the range of values (60oC-72OC) previously reported using nonacoustic techniques. The recently developed ultrasonic
CD95 promotes metastatic spread via Sck in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (2015)

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been implicated in the initiation and maintenance of tumour growth as well as metastasis. Recent reports link stemness to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer. However, there is still little knowledge about the molecular markers of those events. In silico analysis of RNA profiles of 36 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) reveals an association of the expression of CD95 with EMT and stemness that was validated in CSCs isolated from PDAC surgical specimens. CD95 expression was also higher in metastatic pancreatic cells than in primary PDAC. Pharmacological inhibition of CD95 activity reduced PDAC growth and metastasis in CSC-derived xenografts and in a murine syngeneic model. On the mechanistic level, Sck was identified as a novel molecule indispensable for CD95's induction of cell cycle progression. This study uncovers CD95 as a marker of EMT and stemness in PDAC. It also addresses the molecular mechanism by which CD95 drives tumour growth and opens tantalizing therapeutic possibilities in PDAC.
Sulfur‐Limonene Polysulfide: A Material Synthesized Entirely from Industrial By‐Products and Its Use in Removing Toxic Metals from Water and Soil (2015)

Abstract A polysulfide material was synthesized by the direct reaction of sulfur and d ‐limonene, by‐products of the petroleum and citrus industries, respectively. The resulting material was processed into functional coatings or molded into solid devices for the removal of palladium and mercury salts from water and soil. The binding of mercury(II) to the sulfur‐limonene polysulfide resulted in a color change. These properties motivate application in next‐generation environmental remediation and mercury sensing.
Process for electrochemically gasifying coal (1985)

A process is claimed for electrochemically gasifying coal by establishing a flowing stream of coal particulate slurry, electrolyte and electrode members through a transverse magnetic field that has sufficient strength to polarize the electrode members, thereby causing them to operate in combination with the electrolyte to electrochemically reduce the coal particulate in the slurry. Such electrochemical reduction of the coal produces hydrogen and carbon dioxide at opposite ends of the polarized electrode members. Gas collection means are operated in conjunction with the process to collect the evolved gases as they rise from the slurry and electrolyte solution. 7 figs.