gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lung surfactant: some historical perspectives leading to its cellular and molecular biology (1989)

By appreciating the influence of surface forces on lung mechanics, discovering pulmonary surfactant, and then recognizing its deficiency states a small number of investigators began the first 30 years of pulmonary surfactant research. These investigators had different backgrounds and took diverse approaches to understand surface forces in the lung. Their careers provide a fascinating study of the means by which new discoveries are made. After recognizing the critical importance of surfactant, investigators turned to a series of questions that obviously needed to be answered and they attempted to learn the following: 1) how to quantitate surfactant; 2) its biochemical and structural composition; 3) how it leaves the alveolar surface after secretion; and 4) its role in lung diseases. This research established the basis for pursuing the cellular and molecular biology of surfactant.
Overuse of Pulmonary Flow Catheters (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 December 1985Overuse of Pulmonary Flow CathetersROLAND B. MCGRATH, M.D.ROLAND B. MCGRATH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-6-954 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Eugene Robin (1), in his recent perspective, claims that pulmonary artery balloon flotation catheters are used extraordinarily frequently, usually for economic advantage, by physicians who show a cavalier approach in intensive care units by placing catheters routinely without appreciating the risks of catheter use and, therefore, seldom applying any risk-benefit analyses. It is important to respond to those opinions.I endorse Robin's pleas for the use of catheters to study specific clinical questions and for additional clinical research to identify patients in whom a risk-benefit analysis would favor catheter insertion. Robin cites the experience of Dawkins and...References1. ROBIN E. The cult of the Swan-Ganz catheter: overuse and abuse of pulmonary flow catheters. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:445-9. LinkGoogle Scholar2. DAWKINSJAMIESONHUNT KSS. Long-term results, hemodynamics, and complications after combined heart and lung transplantation. Circulation. 1985;71:919-26. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. EISENBERGJAFFESCHUSTER PAD. Clinical evaluation compared to pulmonary artery catheterization in the hemodynamic assessment of critically ill patients. Crit Care Med. 1984;12:549-53. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. DEL GUERCIOCOHN LJ. Monitoring operative risk in the elderly. JAMA. 1980;243:1350-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. ROBIN E. The cult of the Swan-Ganz catheter: overuse and abuse of pulmonary flow catheters. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:445-9. LinkGoogle Scholar1. ROBIN E. The cult of the Swan-Ganz catheter: overuse and abuse of pulmonary flow catheters. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:445-9. LinkGoogle Scholar1. ROBIN E. The cult of the Swan-Ganz catheter: overuse and abuse of pulmonary flow catheters. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:445-9. LinkGoogle Scholar1. ROBIN E. The cult of the Swan-Ganz catheter: overuse and abuse of pulmonary flow catheters. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:445-9. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Wishard Memorial Hospital-Indiana University Medical Center Indianapolis, IN 46202 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByInvasive bedside hemodynamic monitoring 1 December 1985Volume 103, Issue 6_Part_1Page: 954-955KeywordsCathetersIntensive care unitsPulmonary arteries Issue Published: 1 December 1985 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Insulin regulates enzyme activity, malonyl-CoA sensitivity and mRNA abundance of hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I (1995)

The regulation of hepatic mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I (CPT-I) was studied in rats during starvation and insulin-dependent diabetes and in rat H4IIE cells. The Vmax. for CPT-I in hepatic mitochondrial outer membranes isolated from starved and diabetic rats increased 2- and 3-fold respectively over fed control values with no change in Km values for substrates. Regulation of malonyl-CoA sensitivity of CPT-I in isolated mitochondrial outer membranes was indicated by an 8-fold increase in Ki during starvation and by a 50-fold increase in Ki in the diabetic state. Peroxisomal and microsomal CPT also had decreased sensitivity to inhibition by malonyl-CoA during starvation. CPT-I mRNA abundance was 7.5 times greater in livers of 48-h-starved rats and 14.6 times greater in livers of insulin-dependent diabetic rats compared with livers of fed rats. In H4IIE cells, insulin increased CPT-I sensitivity to inhibition by malonyl-CoA in 4 h, and sensitivity continued to increase up to 24 h after insulin addition. CPT-I mRNA levels in H4IIE cells were decreased by insulin after 4 h and continued to decrease so that at 24 h there was a 10-fold difference. The half-life of CPT-I mRNA was 4 h in the presence of actinomycin D or with actinomycin D plus insulin. These results suggest that insulin regulates CPT-I by inhibiting transcription of the CPT-I gene.
Design of the Approximation Function of a Pedometer Based on Artificial Neural Network for the Healthy Life Style Promotion in Diabetic Patients (2008)

The present study describes the design of an Artificial Neural Network to synthesize the Approximation Function of a Pedometer for the Healthy Life Style Promotion. Experimentally, the approximation function is synthesized using three basic digital pedometers of low cost, these pedometers were calibrated with an advanced pedometer that calculates calories consumed and computes distance travelled with personal stride input. The synthesized approximation function by means of the designed neural network will allow to reply the calibration experiment for multiple patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Healthy Life Style promotion programs. Artificial Neural Networks have been developed for a wide variety of computational problems in cognition, pattern recognition, and decision making. The Healthy Life Style refer to adequate nutrient ingest, physical activity, time to rest, stress control, and a high self-esteem. The pedometer is a technological device that helps to control the physical activity in the diabetic patient. A brief description of the Artificial Neural Network designed to synthesize the Approximation Function, the obtained Artificial Neural Network structure and results in the Approximation Function synthesis for three patients are presented. The advantages and disadvantages of the method are discussed and our conclusions are presented.
Improved preparation of amyloid‐β peptides using DBU as <i>N</i><sup>α</sup>‐Fmoc deprotection reagent (2001)

Previous studies have shown the amyloid peptides, Abeta 1-40/42, to be exceptionally difficult to assemble by Fmoc-solid phase peptide synthesis due to the high hydrophobicity of the C-terminal segment and resulting on-resin aggregation. We found that the use of the stronger and more efficient base, DBU, at a concentration of 2% in DMF for Nalpha-Fmoc deprotection allowed substantially improved continuous flow solid phase assembly of the model peptide Abeta 29-40/42 fragments. This suggested that, at least for these sequences, incomplete deprotection was a greater problem than incomplete amino acid acylation. This base was then used during the synthesis of both Abeta 1-40 and Abeta 1-42, up to and including Ser8, from which point 20% piperidine in DMF was utilized so as to avoid potential aspartimide formation at Asp7. By this means, the deprotection efficiency through the difficult C-terminal portion of the sequence was much improved and resulted in increased availability of terminal amino groups for acylation. This simple strategy that obviates the need for special conditions significantly improved crude peptide quality and allowed considerable facilitation of subsequent purification.
[The concept of "ganglionitis" in the modern science of the autonomic nervous system]. (1990)

The authors review the concept of vegetative "ganglionitis" formed in the Soviet literature in the 40-60s. Consider the etiological, clinical and diagnostic aspects thereof. Provide the modern concepts of the clinical manifestations related to the lesions of the paravertebral sympathetic ganglia. Relate some hypotheses concerning the origin of painful phenomena within the framework of the syndrome of reflex sympathetic dystrophy. Indicate that verified lesions of the sympathetic ganglia are associated with well-defined clinical symptoms which absolutely differ in their appearance from the reported descriptions of "ganglionitis", which are unjustifiedly widely used in the Soviet literature over the recent decades. The conclusion is made about the necessity of reviewing the outdated concepts of the pathology of the vegetative sympathetic ganglia from the standpoint of the modern concept of peripheral vegetative insufficiency.
Improved Chemical Text Mining of Patents with Infinite Dictionaries and Automatic Spelling Correction (2011)

The text mining of patents of pharmaceutical interest poses a number of unique challenges not encountered in other fields of text mining. Unlike fields, such as bioinformatics, where the number of terms of interest is enumerable and essentially static, systematic chemical nomenclature can describe an infinite number of molecules. Hence, the dictionary- and ontology-based techniques that are commonly used for gene names, diseases, species, etc., have limited utility when searching for novel therapeutic compounds in patents. Additionally, the length and the composition of IUPAC-like names make them more susceptible to typographic problems: OCR failures, human spelling errors, and hyphenation and line breaking issues. This work describes a novel technique, called CaffeineFix, designed to efficiently identify chemical names in free text, even in the presence of typographical errors. Corrected chemical names are generated as input for name-to-structure software. This forms a preprocessing pass, independent of the name-to-structure software used, and is shown to greatly improve the results of chemical text mining in our study.
Augmentations of glucose uptake and glucose transporter-1 in macrophages following thermal injury and sepsis in mice (1996)

Glucose is the primary metabolic substrate of macrophages, which are critical components of the host response to injury and infection. We have carried out a series of studies to examine macrophage glucose uptake and the status of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) at both the mRNA and protein level. Peritoneal macrophages that were obtained from mice undergoing sham burned (S), 15%TBSA burn (B) +/- Pseudomonas aeruginosa burn infection (B + I) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) administration. [3H]deoxyglucose uptake was significantly increased (B, 157 +/- 9%; B + I, 243 +/- 19%; S + LPS, 231 +/- 24%; S + TNF-alpha, 379 +/- 18%; B + LPS, 230 +/- 13%; and B + TNF, 305 +/- 23%, P< 0.01 vs. sham). GLUT1 mRNA and protein levels were increased as well (mRNA: B, 135 +/- 13%; B + I, 250 +/- 33%; S + LPS, 282 +/- 29%; S + TNF-alpha, 193 +/- 19%; B + LPS, 378 +/- 20%; and B + TNF-alpha, 204 +/- 16%; protein: B, 159 +/- 27%; B + I, 181 +/- 17%; S + LPS, 219 +/- 26%; S + TNF-alpha, 343 +/- 51%; B + LPS, 366 +/- 41%; and B + TNF-alpha, 415 +/- 44, P< 0.01 vs. sham). Macrophages co-cultured with LPS or TNF-alpha in vitro demonstrated a similar response pattern. Following burn injury and infection, macrophages augment their cellular glucose uptake, which is facilitated by an increased GLUT1 mRNA and protein levels. TNF-alpha elicited by LPS may mediate this enhanced carbohydrate metabolism at the point of glucose entry into the cell.
Robust FPGA intellectual property protection through multiple small watermarks (1999)

A number of researchers have proposed using digital marks to provide ownership identification for intellectual property. Many of these techniques share three specific weaknesses: complexity of copy detection, vulnerability to mark removal after revelation for ownership verification, and mark integrity issues due to partial mark removal. This paper presents a method for watermarking field programmable gate array (FPGA) intellectual property (IP) that achieves robustness by responding to these three weaknesses. The key technique involves using secure hash functions to generate and embed multiple small marks that are more detectable, verifiable, and secure than existing IP protection techniques.
Direct Bandgap Light Emission from Strained Germanium Nanowires Coupled with High-Q Nanophotonic Cavities (2016)

A silicon-compatible light source is the final missing piece for completing high-speed, low-power on-chip optical interconnects. In this paper, we present a germanium nanowire light emitter that encompasses all the aspects of potential low-threshold lasers: highly strained germanium gain medium, strain-induced pseudoheterostructure, and high-Q nanophotonic cavity. Our nanowire structure presents greatly enhanced photoluminescence into cavity modes with measured quality factors of up to 2000. By varying the dimensions of the germanium nanowire, we tune the emission wavelength over more than 400 nm with a single lithography step. We find reduced optical loss in optical cavities formed with germanium under high (>2.3%) tensile strain. Our compact, high-strain cavities open up new possibilities for low-threshold germanium-based lasers for on-chip optical interconnects.
Hydrolytically stable bonded chromatographic phases prepared through hydrosilylation of olefins on a hydride-modified silica intermediate (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrolytically stable bonded chromatographic phases prepared through hydrosilylation of olefins on a hydride-modified silica intermediateJunior E. Sandoval and Joseph J. PesekCite this: Anal. Chem. 1991, 63, 22, 2634–2641Publication Date (Print):November 15, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 November 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00022a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00022a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views560Altmetric-Citations148LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Gapped spectrum shaping for tandem-hopped radar/communications & cognitive sensing (2016)

A non-repeating FMCW waveform was recently developed and experimentally demonstrated to provide a feasible instantiation of FM noise radar. This emission scheme was subsequently examined in terms of the impact of both stationary and hopped spectral gaps with the prospect of enabling in-band interference avoidance for cognitive sensing and possibly tandem hopped radar/communications. Here this gap-hopped spectrum framework is further explored with regard to the relation between the shaping of spectral gaps and the associated time sidelobe response. Experimental loopback measurements are shown that provide a sense of how this form of emission would operate on a real system.
Regenerative healing, scar‐free healing and scar formation across the species: current concepts and future perspectives (2014)

All species have evolved mechanisms of repair to restore tissue function following injury. Skin scarring is an inevitable and permanent endpoint for many postnatal organisms except for non-amniote vertebrates such as amphibians, which are capable of tissue regeneration. Furthermore, mammalian foetuses through mid-gestation are capable of rapid wound repair in the absence of scar formation. Notably, excessive cutaneous scar formation, such as hypertrophic and keloid scars, is a species limited clinical entity as it occurs only in humans, although wounds on the distal limbs of horses are also prone to heal with fibroproliferative pathology known as equine exuberant granulation tissue. Currently, there are no reliable treatment options to eradicate or prevent scarring in humans and vertebrates. The limited number of vertebrate models for either hypertrophic or keloid scarring has been an impediment to mechanistic studies of these diseases and the development of therapies. In this viewpoint essay, we highlight the current concepts of regenerative, scar-free and scar-forming healing compared across a number of species and speculate on areas for future research. Furthermore, in-depth investigative research into the mechanisms of scarless repair may allow for the development of improved animal models and novel targets for scar prevention. As the ability to heal in both a scarless manner and propensity for healing with excessive scar formation is highly species dependent, understanding similarities and differences in healing across species as it relates to the regenerative process may hold the key to improve scarring and guide translational wound-healing studies.
Microsoft Outlook for Dummies (1996)

Gain a whole new outlook on e-mail Overwhelmed by e-mail and ready to simplify your inbox? You'll be surprised at all the things you can accomplish with this mini guide to effectively using Outlook 2010. From creating notes, managing e-mail, and maintaining your calendar to eliminating spam and tracking your schedule, you'll take back control of your inbox and stay organized with Outlook 2010 and help from For Dummies. Open the book and find:Tips for setting up the Navigation paneEasy e-mail essentialsSteps for storing names and addresses<
Pharmacological interventions for cognitive decline in people with Down syndrome (2015)

Due to the low quality of the body of evidence in this review, it is difficult to draw conclusions about the effectiveness of any pharmacological intervention for cognitive decline in people with Down syndrome.
A multiplex primer design algorithm for target amplification of continuous genomic regions (2017)

We generated MPCR primer designs for the HBB whole gene, MEFV coding regions, and human exons between 2000 bp to 2100 bp-long. Our benchmarking experiments show that the proposed MPCR approach is able produce reliable NGS assay primers for a given sequence in a reasonable amount of time.
Assessing the effectiveness of direct injection for ocean carbon sequestration under the influence of climate change (2005)

This paper studies the effect of climate change on simulated efficiency of carbon injection at different locations and ocean depths using an Earth system model of intermediate complexity, ISAM‐2.5D. Following the OCMIP carbon sequestration protocol, we carried out a series of carbon injection simulations. The ISAM results show that warming over the next 500 years under the IPCC S650 and WRE1000 stabilization scenarios could change the ocean circulation and thereby increases the residence time of CO 2 disposed into the deep ocean, particularly for Atlantic injection. However, the warming does not have a significant effect on carbon injections into the Pacific and Indian Oceans, where circulation change is small. This new finding contrasts with previous OGCM results.
First description of clinical presentation of piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) infections in salmonid aquaculture in Chile and identification of a second genotype (Genotype II) of PRV (2016)

To our knowledge the present work constitutes the first published report of HSMI lesions with presence of PRV in farmed Atlantic salmon outside of Europe, and the first report of HSMI-like lesions with presence of PRV in coho salmon in Chile. The Chilean PRV strains from coho salmon are more genetically diversified than those from Atlantic salmon, and some form a distinct new phylogenetic cluster, designated Genotype II.
Systematic review with meta‐analysis: the impact of <i>Clostridium difficile</i> infection on the short‐ and long‐term risks of colectomy in inflammatory bowel disease (2017)

Based on 12 observational studies with at least moderate quality, Clostridium difficile infection appears to increase colectomy risk in IBD in the long- but not short- term.
Überwindung von thermodynamischen Limitierungen in substratgekoppelten Cofaktorregenerierungsverfahren (2002)

No translation.
Economic Factors and Incentives for Ocean Wave Energy Conversion (2009)

Ocean energy conversion systems have recently seen renewed interest, stimulated mostly by today's increasing energy discussions. In addition to ocean current energy converters, several commercial ocean wave energy projects have already been undertaken; however, no clear economic model exists for developers to follow. Therefore, this paper focuses on U.S. economic factors that affect the use of wave power for generation of electric energy. These are addressed with regard to economic and business incentives for renewables and wave energy. This paper also investigates incentive programs needed to promote wave energy conversion technology.
Deviations from the resonance theory of tempo induction (2004)

Background in music psychology. The salience of pulse perception in listeners attending to musical rhythms has been modeled as a band-pass filter (Parncutt 1994) and a simple resonator with a resonance frequency around 2 Hz (van Noorden and Moelants 1999). These models have been able to explain perceptual responses to a variety of rhythmic pulse trains and to excerpts of music from a wide range of styles. In these studies, the models were applied to predict distributions of perceived tempo for large collections of music. However, in many pieces the tempo is ambiguous, allowing several metric levels to serve as the beat. Is this model also able to explain the distribution of responses of groups of listeners to individual excerpts of music?
Implementation of bi-directional AC-DC matrix converter (2002)

Experimental results are presented for an implemented bi-directional AC-DC matrix converter. With this structure it is possible to obtain a sinusoidal average input current in phase with the main input voltage and to regulate the output voltage in a wide range of variation.