gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Systematic Analysis of the Maize OSCA Genes Revealing ZmOSCA Family Members Involved in Osmotic Stress and ZmOSCA2.4 Confers Enhanced Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis (2020)

OSCAs are hyperosmolality-gated calcium-permeable channel proteins. In this study, two co-expression modules, which are strongly associated with maize proline content, were screened by weighted correlation network analysis, including three ZmOSCA family members. Phylogenetic and protein domain analyses revealed that 12 ZmOSCA members were classified into four classes, which all contained DUF221 domain. The promoter region contained multiple core elements responsive to abiotic stresses and hormones. Colinear analysis revealed that <i>ZmOSCAs</i> had diversified prior to maize divergence. Most <i>ZmOSCAs</i> responded positively to ABA, PEG, and NaCl treatments. <i>ZmOSCA2.3</i> and <i>ZmOSCA2.4</i> were up-regulated by more than 200-fold under the three stresses, and showed significant positive correlations with proline content. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation indicated that ZmOSCA2.3 and ZmOSCA2.4 proteins interacted with ZmEREB198. Over-expression of <i>ZmOSCA2.4</i> in <i>Arabidopsis</i> remarkably improved drought resistance. Moreover, over-expression of <i>ZmOSCA2.4</i> enhanced the expression of drought tolerance-associated genes and reduced the expression of senescence-associated genes. We also found that perhaps <i>ZmOSCA2.4</i> was regulated by miR5054.The results provide a high-quality molecular resource for selecting resistant breeding, and lay a foundation for elucidating regulatory mechanism of <i>ZmOSCA</i> under abiotic stresses.
Exploring User Behaviour on Etsy through Dominant Colors (2014)

The online realm has become a driving force in the retail marketplace. E-Commerce websites can provide a level of diversity and uniqueness that is impossible in the world of brick-and-mortar retail. Etsy is an online marketplace1 for artisans selling unique handcrafted goods, and vintage wares that couldn't be found elsewhere. Etsy caters to the long tail of online retail [1]. Intuitively, online retail is a visual experience-shoppers have particular styles that they find appealing, often images are used as first order information when making shopping decisions. There are a variety of signals extracted from the images representing those items for sale by shoppers. Amongst these, color composition is an important cue for visual search and image ranking-often shoppers have a palette of favorite colors, or a mental image of what they're looking for, partially determined by color. In this paper, we introduce a novel dataset for user behaviour prediction. We address the problem of inferring dominant color composition from the pixel-level color distribution of listed images on Etsy. We explore the dominant colors of favorited listings and investigate the entropy of colors distribution among Etsy users.
Multi-Parametric Toolbox 3.0 (2013)

The Multi-Parametric Toolbox is a collection of algorithms for modeling, control, analysis, and deployment of constrained optimal controllers developed under Matlab. It features a powerful geometric library that extends the application of the toolbox beyond optimal control to various problems arising in computational geometry. The new version 3.0 is a complete rewrite of the original toolbox with a more flexible structure that offers faster integration of new algorithms. The numerical side of the toolbox has been improved by adding interfaces to state of the art solvers and by incorporation of a new parametric solver that relies on solving linear-complementarity problems. The toolbox provides algorithms for design and implementation of real-time model predictive controllers that have been extensively tested.
Task Types and Team-Level Attributes (2011)

Within team research, there is no shortage of literature classifying teams. However, the team taxonomic literature suffers from a few limitations. First, many taxonomies claim to classify teams into mutually exclusive classes, yet when examined closely, are not. Second, some of the most well-known taxonomies are descriptive of various tasks teams engage in, but not of the holistic team-level properties that define different types of teams. A clear understanding of both is necessary if human resource development (HRD) professionals are to develop and train different teams effectively. Therefore, the purpose of the current article is twofold: to present an integrative taxonomy of task types and a set of team-level characteristics that have been carefully synthesized from the prior literature and to explain how these tools can be used in conjunction to inform team-oriented HRD research and practice.
Antagonist-occupied human progesterone receptors bound to DNA are functionally switched to transcriptional agonists by cAMP (1993)

When steroid hormone antagonists have inappropriate agonist effects, the clinical consequences are grave. Progesterone antagonists bind to two naturally occurring isoforms of human progesterone receptors (hPR), hPRB and the NH2-terminally truncated hPRA, and usually inhibit agonist-stimulated transcription. It is shown here that elevation of cAMP levels in a human breast cancer cell line leads to the functional reversal of progesterone antagonist action. While hPR occupied by the antagonists RU486 and ZK112993 are transcriptionally inactive, the antagonist-occupied receptors become strong activators of transcription in the presence of 8-Br-cAMP. However, this functional switch does not occur with the progesterone antagonist ZK98299, which, unlike RU486 and ZK112993, is unable to induce hPR binding to DNA. This suggests that the 8-Br-cAMP-induced transcriptional reversal requires that the antagonist-occupied receptors be bound to DNA. Even with agonist-occupied hPR, addition of 8-Br-cAMP results in a synergistic increase in transcriptional activity. When hPRA alone are transiently expressed in COS-1 cells, transcription of a reporter gene is stimulated by the agonist R5020 and by 8-Br-cAMP and is synergistic when both are present; but the 8-Br-cAMP-dependent component of transcription proceeds in the absence of hPRA, in the absence of the progesterone response element, and in the presence of a DNA-binding domain mutant of hPRA that cannot bind to the progesterone response element. Additionally, under the intracellular conditions in which 8-Br-cAMP activates antagonist-hPR complexes, there is no protein kinase A-mediated phosphorylation of the receptors. We discuss a model in which a gene that is independently transcribed by cAMP-responsive factors and by hPR can be selected for positive or negative regulation on the transcription complex due to additive or cooperative interactions between the two DNA-bound factors.
Exosomes and breast cancer drug resistance (2020)

Drug resistance is a daunting challenge in the treatment of breast cancer (BC). Exosomes, as intercellular communicative vectors in the tumor microenvironment, play an important role in BC progression. With the in-depth understanding of tumor heterogeneity, an emerging role of exosomes in drug resistance has attracted extensive attention. The functional proteins or non-coding RNAs contained in exosomes secreted from tumor and stromal cells mediate drug resistance by regulating drug efflux and metabolism, pro-survival signaling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stem-like property, and tumor microenvironmental remodeling. In this review, we summarize the underlying associations between exosomes and drug resistance of BC and discuss the unique biogenesis of exosomes, the change of exosome cargo, and the pattern of release by BC cells in response to drug treatment. Moreover, we propose exosome as a candidate biomarker in predicting and monitoring the therapeutic drug response of BC and as a potential target or carrier to reverse the drug resistance of BC.
Linear oligopeptides, 60. Synthesis by the liquid‐phase method and characterization by amino acid analyses of two complete monodispersed homologous series derived from <scp>L</scp>‐alanine (to the octapeptide) and <scp>L</scp>‐valine (to the hexapeptide) (1979)

Abstract The synthesis by the liquid‐phase method of the two complete, monodispersed homo‐oligopeptide series having the general formula t ‐Boc \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\rlap{--}(\ {\rm L} - {\rm X}\rlap{---} )$\end{document} n Gly‐OPEG (I:X=Ala, n =1‐8; II: X = Val, n = 1–6) is described. The chemical purity of the various products was assessed by thin layer chromatography and amino acid analyses. The influence of chain length and steric effects on the formation of peptide bonds and their stability to acid hydrolysis is also illustrated.
Evaluation of Onium Salt Cationic Photoinitiators as Novel Dissolution Inhibitor for Novolac Resin (1988)

Triarylsulfonium and diaryliodonium salts are a new class of dissolution inhibitors for novolac resins. These radio‐chemical acid generators are soluble in common casting solvents and are thermally very stable. Simple triphenylsulfonium and diphenyliodonium salts sensitive to deep UV inhibit the dissolution of novolac resins in aqueous base very efficiently and render the exposed areas more soluble in aqueous base, providing full development at 25 mJ/cm2 of 254 nm radiation.
Reaction<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">H</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mprescripts/><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow/></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>He,γ<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mo>)</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal"/></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>5</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>Li at center-of-mass energies between 25 and 60 keV (1985)

The gamma ray to proton branching ratio, ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}$/${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{\mathrm{p}}$, of the $^{2}$H${+\mathrm{}}^{3}$He reaction has been measured between center-of-mass energies of 25 and 60 keV. The ratio of the ground-state gamma reaction $^{2}\mathrm{H}$${(}^{3}$He,${\ensuremath{\gamma}}_{0}$${)\mathrm{}}^{5}$Li to the dominant reaction $^{2}\mathrm{H}$${(}^{3}$He,p${)}^{4}$He is observed to be roughly constant over this energy range with a best value of (4.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}5}$. This ratio for the gamma-ray reaction to the $^{5}\mathrm{Li}$ first excited state is measured to have a value of (8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}5}$. The excitation energy of the first excited state is estimated to be 3.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.0 MeV.
Monitoring of the JAK2-V617F mutation by highly sensitive quantitative real-time PCR after allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with myelofibrosis (2006)

The JAK2-V617F mutation occurs in about 50% of patients with myelofibrosis and might be a reliable marker to monitor residual disease after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. We describe a new, highly sensitive (>or= 0.01%) real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to monitor and quantify V617F-JAK2-positive cells after dose-reduced allogeneic stem cell transplantation. After 22 allogeneic stem cell transplantation procedures in 21 JAK2-positive patients with myelofibrosis, 78% became PCR negative. In 15 of 17 patients (88%), JAK2 remained negative after a median follow-up of 20 months. JAK2 negativity was achieved after a median of 89 days after allograft (range, 19-750 days). A significant inverse correlation was seen for JAK2 positivity and donor-cell chimerism (r:-0.91, P<.001). Four of 5 patients who never achieved JAK2 negativity fulfilled during the entire follow-up all criteria for complete remission recently proposed by the International Working Group, suggesting a major role for JAK2 measurement to determine depths of remission. In one case, residual JAK2-positive cells were successfully eliminated by donor lymphocyte infusion. In conclusion, allogeneic stem cell transplantation after dose-reduced conditioning induces high rates of molecular remission in JAK2-positive patients with myelofibrosis, and quantification of V617F-JAK2 mutation by real-time PCR allows the detection of minimal residual disease to guide adoptive immunotherapy.
Tetradecylmaltoside (TDM) enhances<i>in vitro</i>and<i>in vivo</i>intestinal absorption of enoxaparin, a low molecular weight heparin (2005)

Tetradecylmaltoside (TDM) was evaluated as a potential gastrointestinal absorption enhancer for low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), enoxaparin. The in vitro efficacy of TDM (0.0625, 0.125 and 0.25% w/v) in enhancing transport of 3H-enoxaparin or 14C-mannitol was investigated in human colonic epithelial cells (C2BBel). Metabolic stability of the drug was determined in C2BBel cell extracts. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was measured before and after exposure of the cells to TDM. Enoxaparin was further administered to anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats in oral formulations in the absence or presence of increasing concentrations of TDM and drug absorption was monitored by measuring anti-factor Xa activity in rat blood. In vitro permeability study shows that apparent permeability (Papp) of 3H-enoxaparin across C2BBe1 cells was increased by 8-fold in the presence of 0.0625% TDM compared to untreated cells. The movement of 14C-mannitol across the cell monolayer followed a similar pattern in the presence of increasing concentrations of TDM. No degradation or depolymerization of enoxaparin was observed when the drug was incubated in C2BBel cell extract. TEER was reversible after 60 min exposure of the cells to 0.0625% (w/v) TDM. Oral formulations of enoxaparin containing TDM administered to anesthetized rats significantly and rapidly increased gastrointestinal absorption as compared to those animals which received enoxaparin plus saline (p < 0.05). In the presence of 0.125% TDM in the formulation, enoxaparin oral bioavailability was increased by 2.5-fold compared to the saline control group. Overall, the data on the effect of TDM on the in vitro and in vivo intestinal permeation of enoxaparin suggest that TDM may represent a promising excipient for use in oral LMWH formulations.
Purification and properties of methyl mercaptan oxidase from Thiobacillus thioparus TK-m (1992)

Summary: Methyl mercaptan (MM)-oxidase was purified to near homogeneity from Thiobacillus thioparus TK-m grown on dimethyl sulphide. The enzyme was a monomer with an M r value of approximately 40000. It oxidized MM stoichiometrically to formaldehyde, S2- and H2O2. The enzyme had a K m of 31·3 μM for MM. It was also shown to oxidize ethyl mercaptan. MM-oxidase from T. thioparus was shown to have some different characteristics from MM-oxidase of Hyphomicrobium EG, such as a higher K m, the absence of inhibition by S2- and the inability to catalyse the oxidation of S2-.
Multi-Atlas-Based Segmentation With Local Decision Fusion—Application to Cardiac and Aortic Segmentation in CT Scans (2009)

A novel atlas-based segmentation approach based on the combination of multiple registrations is presented. Multiple atlases are registered to a target image. To obtain a segmentation of the target, labels of the atlas images are propagated to it. The propagated labels are combined by spatially varying decision fusion weights. These weights are derived from local assessment of the registration success. Furthermore, an atlas selection procedure is proposed that is equivalent to sequential forward selection from statistical pattern recognition theory. The proposed method is compared to three existing atlas-based segmentation approaches, namely 1) single atlas-based segmentation, 2) average-shape atlas-based segmentation, and 3) multi-atlas-based segmentation with averaging as decision fusion. These methods were tested on the segmentation of the heart and the aorta in computed tomography scans of the thorax. The results show that the proposed method outperforms other methods and yields results very close to those of an independent human observer. Moreover, the additional atlas selection step led to a faster segmentation at a comparable performance.
Study on the Effect of PIWIL2 Expression on EMT of Breast Cancer Stem Cells and Its Mechanism (2021)

Objective: This study mainly elaborated the specific molecular mechanisms of breast cancer metastasis and EMT, which has important clinical value in judging the prognosis and treatment of breast cancer patients. Methods: A total of 493 patients with breast cancer were studied. The expression of PIWIL2 gene was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and section analysis, and the correlation between gene expression and clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of the patients was investigated. TGF-β1 was used to induce breast cancer cells, and EMT model was constructed at the same time to compare the changes of EMT model cells in the control group and obervation group. The expression of PIWIL2 gene in EMT model was detected by Western bloting. After transfection and RNA interference, PIWIL2 expression was silenced. At the same time, the morphological changes of the cells after the reduction of PIWIL2 gene expression were observed through microscope. The gene changes related to EMT were detected by RT-PCR and Western bloting. The expression of PIWIL2 gene was decreased by invasion test. And the expression of breast cell invasiveness and other related expressions such as MMP-13, MMP-9, VEGF shall also be decreased. The effect of MAPKERK and P13K/AKT pathway on the regulation of PIWIL2 expression was studied by obseving the cellular mophology through the microscope. And RT-PCR and Western bloting were used to detect the expression, including Snail, Vimentin and SIug. The effects of PIWIL2 and the downstream transcription factor SIug in ER pathway in breast cancer cells were analyzed by light microscopy, RT-PCR, Western bloting and Transwell invasion experiment. Results: PIWIL2 expression was negatively correlated with its survival rate in estrogen receptor a negative patients, while was not directly related to estrogen receptor positive patients. After the induction of TGF-β1 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells, the cells were spindle shaped and would lose the intercellular adhesion. With the development of EMT, the inhibition of PIWIL2 gene expression would block the effect of TGF-β1 on EMT in MCF-7 cell lines. The changes of EMT-related genes expression can be shown by RT-PCR and Western Bloting. SiRNA sclienced the Piwi12 expression, which will decrease the cellular invasiveness. At the same time, such matrix metalloproteinase as MMP9 and MMP13 and the mRNA transcription vascular endothelial growth factor was significantly down-regulated. After silencing the expression of SIug, all EMT of TGF-β1 gene will be inhibited, and the estrogen a signal pathway can inhibit the expression of PIWIL2 and the downstream transcription factor SIug. Slug is a common downstream transcription factor of estrogen a and PIWIL2, which also serves as an important bridge connecting estrogen a and Piwi12. It can accept Piwi12 and estrogen a to inhibit or stimulate signals, and then effectively regulate the EMT of breast cancer cells. In addition, ER signal can also participate in the expression of Piwi12 and antagonize Piwi12 to promote EMT.
Accuracy of forest inventory based on radar-derived stand profile (2002)

The stand characteristics including mean height, dominant height, basal area per hectare, stem volume per hectare and the average height of the crown base line were evaluated with an airborne ranging radar. The accuracy of radar methods was evaluated by calculating the mean squared error of the multiple regression models.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<i>In vitro</i> antifungal activity of synthetic <scp>dsRNA</scp> molecules against two pathogens of banana, <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cubense</i> and <i>Mycosphaerella fijiensis</i> (2013)

The dsRNAs for adenylate cyclase, DNA polymerase alpha subunit and DNA polymerase delta subunit showed high levels of spore germination inhibition during both self- and cross-species tests, making them the most promising targets for RNA-mediated resistance in banana against these fungal pathogens. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry.
A low noise one chip playback record head amplifier for VCR (2003)

The design of a high performance play-back and record processor for VCR is described. The system architecture and the main performances are presented. The integrated circuit presented hereby contains all the functions necessary for the playback and the recording VCR processing. It is intended to be used for three heads applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<i>p53</i> and <i>APC</i> Mutations Are Detectable in the Plasma and Serum of Patients with Colorectal Cancer (CRC) or Adenomas (2000)

APC mutations are detectable in the plasma of CRC patients. p53 mutants are detectable in the plasma of colorectal adenoma patients. These may have important implications for cancer screening and diagnosis in the large intestine and suggest that all malignant and premalignant DNA alterations from the colon are identifiable in the blood.
Authentication of Anglerfish Species (Lophius spp) by Means of Polymerase Chain Reaction−Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR−RFLP) and Forensically Informative Nucleotide Sequencing (FINS) Methodologies (2008)

Lophius represents the most important genus of the family Lophiidae from a commercial point of view. The main marketing formats of the species included in this genus are tails and cheeks, making impossible the species identification on the basis of their morphological characters. In the present study, two methods based on the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences [forensically informative nucleotide sequencing (FINS)] were developed to differentiate the seven species contained in the genus Lophius. In both cases, the molecular marker studied was the cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (COI). The RFLP analysis of the PCR products digested with the endonuclease Mbo I generated species-specific restriction profiles, and the phylogenetic analysis showing a neighbor-joining tree with independent nodes was strongly supported for all of the studied species. These methods were applied to 40 commercial samples, allowing us to detect the samples incorrectly labeled. The fraudulent labeling ratio was higher in processed products (68.75%) than whole fish (31.25%). The species subjected to mislabeling were L. budegassa (68.75%), L. vomerinus (18.75%), and L. piscatorius (12.5%). Therefore, both methodologies can be independently used to authenticate the species belonging to the genus Lophius, being useful to check the fulfillment of labeling regulations of seafood products and to verify the correct traceability of commercial trade and the control of fisheries.
Congenital clubfoot (2010)

outcome measures (Paper V), 11 Norm group (Paper V), 12 Global subjective evaluation (Papers III, IV, V), 12 Contents Statistical methods, 12 Summary of Papers, 13 Paper I: Incidence of congenital clubfoot in Sweden, 13 Paper II: Ultrasound anatomy in the normal neonatal and infant foot: an introduction to ultrasound assessment of foot deformities, 13 Paper III: No association between residual forefoot adduction and the position of the navicular in clubfeet treated by posterior release, 14 Paper IV: Correction of persistent clubfoot deformities with the Ilizarov external fixator, 14 Paper V: Patient Reported Outcome at 62-67 years of age in 83 patients treated for congenital clubfoot, 15 Discussion, 17 Conclusions, 20 Future perspectives, 21 Acknowledgements, 22