gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Linear parameter varying controller for automated lane guidance: experimental study on tractor-trailers (2002)

Proposes a linear parameter-varying (LPV) controller design for automated lane keeping for vehicles. The lane keeping objective is to keep the vehicle centered with respect to the lane boundaries by applying appropriate steering action. Most current implementation of lane keeping controllers were based on linear synthesis techniques because linear techniques offer a direct tradeoff between steering action, passenger comfort, robustness, and tracking performance. However, linear methods assume constant longitudinal velocity of the vehicle for controller synthesis. It is known that the position response of the vehicle to the steering input varies significantly with the longitudinal velocity of the vehicle. The LPV design technique deals with this issue by synthesizing a velocity dependent controller. The controller minimizes the induced /spl Lscr//sub 2/ norm of the closed loop from the road curvature to the tracking error. The design has been successfully implemented on a tractor-trailer vehicle and experiments conducted up to longitudinal velocity of 60 mi/h are presented.
Combining Inertial Navigation and ICP for Real-time 3D Surface Reconstruction (2014)

We present a novel method to improve the robustness of real-time 3D surface reconstruction by incorporating inertial sensor data when determining inter-frame alignment. With commodity inertial sensors, we can significantly reduce the number of iterative closest point (ICP) iterations required per frame. Our system is also able to determine when ICP tracking becomes unreliable and use inertial navigation to correctly recover tracking, even after significant time has elapsed. This enables less experienced users to more quickly acquire 3D scans. We apply our framework to several different surface reconstruction tasks and demonstrate that enabling inertial navigation allows us to reconstruct scenes more quickly and recover from situations where reconstructing without IMU data produces very poor results.
Natural‐Based Nanocomposites for Bone Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine: A Review (2015)

Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has been providing exciting technologies for the development of functional substitutes aimed to repair and regenerate damaged tissues and organs. Inspired by the hierarchical nature of bone, nanostructured biomaterials are gaining a singular attention for tissue engineering, owing their ability to promote cell adhesion and proliferation, and hence new bone growth, compared with conventional microsized materials. Of particular interest are nanocomposites involving biopolymeric matrices and bioactive nanosized fillers. Biodegradability, high mechanical strength, and osteointegration and formation of ligamentous tissue are properties required for such materials. Biopolymers are advantageous due to their similarities with extracellular matrices, specific degradation rates, and good biological performance. By its turn, calcium phosphates possess favorable osteoconductivity, resorbability, and biocompatibility. Herein, an overview on the available natural polymer/calcium phosphate nanocomposite materials, their design, and properties is presented. Scaffolds, hydrogels, and fibers as biomimetic strategies for tissue engineering, and processing methodologies are described. The specific biological properties of the nanocomposites, as well as their interaction with cells, including the use of bioactive molecules, are highlighted. Nanocomposites in vivo studies using animal models are also reviewed and discussed.
Adaptiive finite element modeling of long‐term polyethylene wear in total hip arthroplasty (1996)

Adaptive remeshing capability was added to an existing sliding-distance-coupled finite element model of polyethylene wear in total hip arthroplasty. This augmentation allowed earlier postoperative wear simulation to be extended to the clinically more significant long-term regimen (as long as 20 years). Loads and femoral head excursions were taken from a physically validated gait analysis model of a patient with an instrumented total hip replacement. For otherwise identical 22, 28, and 32 mm components, the least volumetric wear but the most linear wear occurred for the 22 mm head. When the polyethylene thickness in a 22 mm component was reduced to the same as that in a 32 mm component, the volumetric wear rate for the 22 mm component was still much less than that for the larger component, indicating that sliding distance (head size), rather than polyethylene liner thickness, was primarily responsible for the difference in rates. A "28 mm" series, for which head sizes were varied across the range of currently accepted industrial tolerances, showed that although initial wear rates were greatest for the least congruent articulations, the long-term volumetric wear was nearly the same, regardless of initial clearance.
A Randomized and Clinical Effectiveness Trial Comparing Two Pharmacogenetic Algorithms and Standard Care for Individualizing Warfarin Dosing (CoumaGen-II) (2012)

URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00927862.
Fecal-tagging computed tomographic eolonography with structure-analysis electronic cleansing for detection of colorectal flat lesions (2009)

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and sensitivity of the 3D-reading of fecal-tagging computed tomographic colonography0 (CTC) with a novel structure-analysis electronic cleansing (SAEC) in detecting colorectal flat lesions in comparison with a prospective 3D reading with Viatronix colon system (V3D) and 2D reading without electronic cleansing (2D). Methods Forty CTC cases with flat lesions were retrospectively observed. The subjects from a muhicenter clinical trial underwent cathartic bowel preparation with orally administrated barium-based fecal tagging. Sixty-nine flat lesions were confirmed using colonoscopy and histopathology as a reference standard. The results from SAEC reading were compared with those of prospective V3D and 2D readings. Results Overall detection sensitivity with SAEC was 51% (35/69), which was statistically higher than that of 32% (22/69) and 29% (20/69) with V3D and 2D readings, respectively (P<0.05). The sensitivities in detecting not-on-fold flat lesions were 61% (23/38), 45% ( 17/38), and 42% (16/38) with SAEC, V3D, and 2D readings, respectively; whereas those of on-fold flat lesions were 39% (12/31), 16% (5/31), and 13% (4/31), respectively. None of the eight fiat lesions (2-9 mm) at cecum was detected by any of the three reading methods. Excluding the flat lesions at cecum, the sensitivity with SAEC for detecting flat lesion ≥ 4 mm increased to 84% (31/37). Conclusions The fecal-tagging CTC with structure-analysis electronic cleansing could yield a high sensitivity for detecting flat lesions ≥ 4 mm. The not-on-fold flat lesions were detected with higher sensitivity than on-fold flat lesions. Cecum may be a blind segment in the detection of flat lesions. 

Key words: 
Colonic diseases;  Cecal diseases;  Colonography, computed tomographic
Socket Reconstruction With Combined Mucous Membrane and Hard Palate Mucosal Grafts (2002)

Combined mucosal membrane and hard palate mucosal grafts can be effectively used in the reconstruction of contracted sockets.
Energy from Biomass: A Review of Combustion and Gasification Technologies (1999)

Biomass materials have properties that differ from those of conventional solid fuels such as coal. A major difference is the high content of volatile matter in biomass materials, whereas coal has less than 20 percent. The design of a combustion or gasification system depends heavily on the specific biomass material - its morphology, moisture content, and mix of contaminants. The last determines which flue-gas cleaning systems will be applied. Combustion systems based on steam cycles are technically mature and commercially available. Gasification systems are commercially available. However, small-scale applications need much supervision and suffer from frequent interruptions. Advanced integrated gasification and combined heat and power concepts are promising but still not demonstrated. A demonstration plant has been built but is not yet in full operation. Comparisons have been made between gasifier/engine and steam-cycle concepts with capacities of 1 MWe (Megawatt electric). Production costs for the gasifier/engine capacities for the considered base are lower than that of the steam cycle. However, some uncertainty is involved in assumptions of the base case, and sensitivity analyses show that change in those assumptions is larger than the difference in costs between the two concepts. Therefore, one cannot conclude that one concept is more attractive than the other. Rather, feasibility studies must be performed to determine which system is most suitable.
Newer influenza antivirals, biotherapeutics and combinations (2012)

This summary provides an overview of investigational antiviral agents for influenza and of future directions for development of influenza therapeutics. While progress in developing clinically useful antiviral agents for influenza has been generally slow, especially with respect to seriously ill and high-risk patients, important clinical studies of intravenous neuraminidase inhibitors, antibodies and drug combinations are currently in progress. The current decade offers the promise of developing small molecular weight inhibitors with novel mechanisms of action, including host-directed therapies, new biotherapeutics and drug combinations, that should provide more effective antiviral therapies and help mitigate the problem of antiviral resistance. Immunomodulatory interventions also offer promise but need to be based on better understanding of influenza pathogenesis, particularly in seriously ill patients. The development of combination interventions, immunomodulators and host-directed therapies presents unique clinical trial design and regulatory hurdles that remain to be addressed.
Whole‐grain intake and cancer: An expanded review and meta‐analysis (1998)

Whole grains are nutrient rich and may protect against chronic disease. To study this, we previously reviewed 14 case-control studies of colorectal, gastric, and endometrial cancers and found consistently lower risk in those with high than in those with low whole-grain intake. Questions remained concerning other cancers, dietary assessment, quantity consumed, confounding, and differential study quality. Here we expand the review to 40 case-control studies of 20 cancers and colon polyps. Odds ratios are < 1 for 46 of 51 mentions of whole-grain intake and for 43 of 45 after exclusion of 6 mentions with design/reporting flaws or low intake. The pooled odds ratio for high vs. low whole-grain intake among the 45 mentions was 0.66 (95% confidence interval = 0.60-0.72); they range from 0.59 to 0.78 across four types of dietary questionnaires. Odds ratios were < 1 in 9 of 10 mentions of studies of colorectal cancers and polyps, 7 of 7 mentions of gastric and 6 of 6 mentions of other digestive tract cancers, 7 of 7 mentions of hormone-related cancers, 4 of 4 mentions of pancreatic cancer, and 10 of 11 mentions of 8 other cancers. Most pooled odds ratios for specific cancers were in the range of 0.5-0.8, notable exceptions being breast (0.86) and prostate (0.90). The pooled odds ratio was similar in studies that adjusted for few and many covariates. Dose-response associations were stronger in studies using food-frequency questionnaires than in more quantitative questionnaires. The case-control evidence is supportive of the hypothesis that whole-grain intake protects against various cancers.
Generative Interior Design using BIM (2019)

Computational methods for automatically generating multiple valid alternative solutions to design problems offer the potential for creativity and innovation, by efficiently creating a potentially much larger number of alternatives, among which to select the design that best suits a variety of criteria. In this paper, we present our work on a particular instance of the general generative-design problem, namely the task of generating 3D kitchen layouts, based on a BIM model of the kitchen space, a product catalog of 3D models of kitchen furnishings, and a set of kitchen design rules. Our generative-design method starts with an empty kitchen and implements a heuristic search of the solution space by incrementally selecting and placing a required item and checking the degree to which the resulting model complies with the given kitchen design rules. We have demonstrated the effectiveness of our method by comparing the designs it produces against a set of real-world kitchen examples, obtained from architecture diagrams available online.
Radiosensitivity of T and B lymphocytes. IV. Effect of whole body irradiation upon various lymphoid tissues and numbers of recirculating lymphocytes. (1977)

Groups of 10-week-old female CBA/J mice were exposed in whole body fashion to 0,5,50, and 500 rads and sacrificed in serial fashion 1,3,5,7,9,15, and 30 days after irradiation for morphologic evaluation of thymus, spleen, lymph node, and Peyer's patch, and assessment of the relative numbers of thymus-derived (T) and bone marrow-derived (B) cells in these tissues. The absolute and relative numbers of recirculating T and B cells mobilizable by thoracic duct cannulation were also determined and compared with similar determinations with respect to peripheral blood lymphocytes. B cell depletion occurred more quickly and was more pronounced in spleen and lymph node than T cell depletion at all three exposure doses. Depletion of T and B cells was roughly equal in peripheral blood and thoracic duct lymph. When present, regeneration of the T cell component occurred more rapidly than did B cell restoration. The latter often was incomplete at the time of the final sacrifice (day 30). PHA-responsive and Con A-responsive cells also appeared to differ with respect to the kinetics of cell death after whole body irradiation.
Working With Experience (2016)

This article addresses the work of Mississippi State University’s Gulf Coast Community Design Studio to help families in Biloxi, Mississippi, after Hurricane Katrina damaged homes in the city. The article argues that specialized knowledge of planning, design, or construction is less important than the ability to engage and understand the cultural background and interests of a community. Such experience, as opposed to expertise, facilitates effective communication and cooperation among all stakeholders and helps to best improve the community’s ability to recover and rebuild.
Structural, magnetic and dielectric properties of non conducting nanocomposites for RF applications (2014)

This paper describes solution-cast, spin-coating and hot-press planarization process for preparing metal/polymer magnetic nanocomposites films on silicon. Non-equivalent properties combining non-conducting, high permeability and enhanced permittivity with high percolation threshold are discussed.
Word of Mouth: What We Know and What We Have Yet to Learn (2013)

One of the key consequences of customer satisfaction is word of mouth communication (WOM). WOM is a concept that has attracted sustained research attention. To confirm what we already know about this important construct, this article reviews and synthesizes 60 years of WOM literature and develops a parsimonious model of WOM’s most important antecedents and consequences, and outlines some approaches to its management. The authors identify three key antecedents of WOM and a large number of affective, cognitive, and behavioral consequences are also identified, illustrating WOM’s farreaching effects. Three generic approaches to utilizing WOM are identified and illustrated. Lastly, 14 research questions pertaining to WOM’s antecedents, its consequences, and its management are outlined to guide future research with the aim of developing a better understanding of this important construct
Another instance of haemoglobin in a flatworm (<i>Phaenocora typhlops</i> Vejdovsky 1880) (1973)

Summary (1) The occurrence of haemoglobin in Phaenocora typhlops (Vejdovsky) is reported. (2) Rhabdocoels were examined spectrophotometrically. The distribution of the pigment was studied by a sodium nitroprusside‐benzidine technique, and the distribution of ferric iron with Perl's technique. (3) Characteristic bands of oxyhaemoglobin were observed at 540 and 580 nm. The oxyhaemoglobin was reduced to haemoglobin by the addition of sodium dithionite and an absorption band appeared at about 560 nm. (4) Haematin was found principally around the pharynx, though a little was found in front of the latter and along the length of the gut. Ferric iron was distributed throughout the worm. (5) The occurrence of haemoglobin in P. typhlops and P. unipunctata is compared. It is suggested that less occurs in the former species. Whether or not this is related to the presence of zoochlorellae is considered. Certainly both species burrow actively in mud where reduced oxygen conditions can occur.
Modification of alkanethiolate monolayers on Au-substrate by low energy electron irradiation: Alkyl chains and the S/Au interface (1999)

Low-energy electron irradiation damage in alkanethiol (AT) self-assembled monolayers (SAM) has been studied by using hexadecanethiolate [HDT: CH3–(CH2)15–S-] film on Au-substrate as a model system. The induced changes were monitored by insitu photoelectron spectroscopy and angle resolved near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. AT SAMs are found to be very sensitive to low-energy electron irradiation. Both the alkyl chains and the S/Au interface are affected simultaneously through the electron-induced dissociation of C–H, C–C, C–S, and Au–thiolate bonds. The most noticeable processes are the loss of the orientational and conformational order, partial dehydrogenation and desorption of the film, and the appearance of new sulfur species. The latter process can be related to the formation of disulfide at the S/Au interface or an incorporation of the thiolate (or the corresponding radical) into the alkyl matrix via bonding to irradiation-induced carbon radicals in the adjacent aliphatic chains. The most essential damage in the AT films occurs in the early stages of irradiation. Irradiation with a dose of 1000 µC cm-2 (about 13 electrons per HDT chain) at the primary electron energy of 50 eV results in almost complete breakdown of the orientational order in the initially well-ordered HDT film, a decrease of its thickness by about 25%, and a destruction of ≈40% of the original Au–thiolate bonds. The film becomes a disordered structure comprising both saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Further irradiation of the residual film is accompanied by a continuous C–C bond cleavage and the desorption of the remaining hydrogen, which merely leads to increasing cross-linking and the transformation of saturated hydrocarbons into unsaturated ones through C2C double bond formation.
Caspase 8 Activity in Membrane Blebs After Anti-Fas Ligation (2001)

Previous studies of thymocyte apoptosis using a series of cell-permeable fluorogenic peptide substrates showed that Fas cross-linking triggered a caspase cascade in which cleavage of the IETDase (caspase 8-selective) substrate was the earliest caspase activity measured by flow cytometry. This result was expected in light of the abundant evidence for caspase 8 activation as an initiating event in the Fas death pathway. However, when apoptosis was induced by anti-Fas in CTL and the caspase cascade examined by this approach, IETDase activation followed increases in LEHDase, YVHDase, and VEIDase activities (selective for caspases 9, 1, and 6, respectively). When examined by confocal microscopy, anti-Fas-treated CTL showed the early appearance of IETDase-containing plasma membrane vesicles and their release from the CTL surface, followed by activation of other caspase activities in the cell interior. Since these vesicles were not included in the flow cytometry analysis, the early IETDase activity had been underestimated. In contrast to anti-Fas, induction of apoptosis in these CTL by IL-2 withdrawal resulted in early IETDase activity in the cytoplasm, with no plasma membrane vesiculation. Thus, anti-Fas-induced initiation of caspase activity at the plasma membrane may in some cells result in local proteolysis of submembrane proteins, leading to generation of membrane vesicles that are highly enriched in active caspase 8.
100+ GHz static divide-by-2 circuit in InP-DHBT technology (2003)

Static dividers in 135 GHz InP-DHBT technology have been designed, fabricated and measured. Circuits are operational from DC to 100 GHz. Due to limitations in available measurement equipment, investigation of the circuit operation beyond 100 GHz is not possible at this time, however, already, to the authors' knowledge, this is the highest toggling frequency reported in any static circuit in any technology. The circuit consumes about 150 mA from a single 5V supply and allocates a total area of 675 /spl times/ 900 /spl mu/m/sup 2/.
Patterns of eye gaze during rapid serial visual presentation (2002)

The technique of Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP), comparable with the riffling of a book's pages to acquire an impression of its contents, has considerable application potential, especially where display space is at a premium. The design of RSVP applications, however, is not straightforward in view of the many, and often conflicting, design decisions that must be taken. Specifically, it is suspected that many of these decisions will impact on the ability of users to effectively perceive the displayed content as far as carrying out a task is concerned. This paper presents an exploratory study in which we investigated the impact of a number of design decisions on users' eye movements. Four RSVP modes were implemented that represent alternative design decisions. Two of these modes were modeled after existing e-commerce applications, and two have been the subject of our ongoing research for some time. For each RSVP mode, a set of images was presented to two participants who were required to respond to the appearance of a pre-viewed target image. In the course of these presentations we recorded the participants' eye movements in order to elicit information concerning potential perceptual difficulties. We propose a novel graphical characterization of RSVP modes, which is appropriate to their correlation with recorded eye gaze patterns, offer an interpretation of the experimental data, and provide a motivation for further research into RSVP.
Pervasive play for everyone using the weather (2010)

Casual and pervasive games are difficult to merge. It would be interesting to bring the advantages of pervasive play to the mass market to which casual games are designed for. In this article, a merge of pervasive and casual is proposed through the influence of real weather in the games. A framework that integrates a Weather Module, which retrieves and processes weather data, will be tested with two games: Weather Wizards and Real Farming.
Two Asparagine Synthetases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1980)

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae L-asparagine auxotrophy, resulting from a lack of L-asparagine synthesis, needs simultaneous defects in two genes. This unusual situation is shown to result from the occurrence of two L-asparagine synthetases. The meaning of this duplication remains obscure. The properties of the two enzymes are remarkably similar: both have a molecular weight of 150,000 and they exhibit a slight repression and a similar inhibition by asparagine. Neither one is located in mitochondria and both are probably cytosolic. Their identification so far lies only in their behaviour on ion-exchange chromatography and in the encoding genes.