gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation of Thin-film Thermistor for the Temperature Sensor with Wide Temperature Range and Rapid Responsiveness. (1999)

A thin-film thermistor using (Al, Cr, Fe)2O3 film with corundum structure was prepared, and characteristics of resistance-temperature and responsiveness were investigated. The corundum-type (Al, Cr, Fe)2O3 film was obtained by plasma enhanced metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD)and heat treatment in air. In this process, the deposition rate of the film was as high as 40 nm/min and the crystallization temperature for corundum structure was as low as 1200°C. The characteristics of resistance-temperature and responsiveness indicated that the thin-film thermistor allows temperature detection over wide range from 200°C to 950°C and rapid responsiveness of 3 times as fast as that of a conventional bulk thermistor.
A transcription map of the DiGeorge and velo-cardio-facial syndrome minimal critical region on 22q11 (1996)

The majority of patients with DiGeorge syndrome (DGS) and velo-cardio-facial syndrome (VCFS) have a microdeletion of 22q11. Using translocation breakpoints and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis (FISH), the minimal DiGeorge critical region (MDGCR) has been narrowed to 250 kb in the vicinity of D22S75 (N25). The construction of a detailed transcription map covering the MDGCR is an essential first step toward the identification of genes important to the etiology of DGS/VCFS, two complex disorders. We have identified a minimum of 11 transcription units encoded in the MDGCR using a combination of methods including cDNA selection, RT-PCR, RACE and genomic sequencing. This approach is somewhat unique and may serve as a model for gene identification. Of the 11 transcripts, one is the previously reported DGCR2/IDD/LAN gene, and three revealed a high level of similarity to mammalian genes: a Mus musculus serine/threonine kinase, a rat tricarboxylate transport protein and a bovine clathrin heavy chain. The remaining transcripts do not demonstrate any significant homology to genes of known function. The identification of these transcription units in the MDGCR will facilitate their further characterization and help elucidate their role in the etiology of DGS/VCFS.
Hybrid two-mode squeezing of microwave and optical fields using optically pumped graphene layers (2020)

A measurable quadrature of a squeezed quantum state manifests a small uncertainty below the Heisenberg limit. This phenomenon has the potential to enable several extraordinary applications in quantum information, metrology and sensing, and other fields. Several techniques have been implemented to realize squeezed electromagnetic states, including microwave fields and optical fields. However, hybrid squeezed modes (that incorporate both microwave and optical fields) have not yet been proposed despite their vital functionality to combine the two worlds of quantum superconducting systems and photonics systems. In this work, for the first time, we propose a novel approach to achieve two-mode squeezing of microwave and optical fields using graphene based structure. The proposed scheme includes a graphene layered structure that is driven by a quantum microwave voltage and subjected to two optical fields of distinct frequencies. By setting the optical frequency spacing equal to the microwave frequency, an interaction occurs between the optical and microwave fields through electrical modulation of the graphene conductivity. We show that significant hybrid two-mode squeezing, that includes one microwave field and one optical field, can be achieved. Furthermore, the microwave frequency can be tuned over a vast range by modifying the operation parameters.
An integrated probabilistic and logic approach to encyclopedia relation extraction with multiple features (2008)

We propose a new integrated approach based on Markov logic networks (MLNs), an effective combination of probabilistic graphical models and first-order logic for statistical relational learning, to extracting relations between entities in encyclopedic articles from Wikipedia. The MLNs model entity relations in a unified undirected graph collectively using multiple features, including contextual, morphological, syntactic, semantic as well as Wikipedia characteristic features which can capture the essential characteristics of relation extraction task. This model makes simultaneous statistical judgments about the relations for a set of related entities. More importantly, implicit relations can also be identified easily. Our experimental results showed that, this integrated probabilistic and logic model significantly outperforms the current state-of-the-art probabilistic model, Conditional Random Fields (CRFs), for relation extraction from encyclopedic articles.
Content retargeting using parameter-parallel facial layers (2011)

Facial motion retargeting approaches often transfer expressions by establishing correspondences between shared units of motion, such as action units, or spatial correspondences of landmarks between the source actor and target character faces. When the actor and character are structurally dissimilar, shared units of motion or spatial landmarks may not exist, and subtle styles of performance may differ. We present a method to deconstruct the content of an actor's facial expression into three parameter-parallel layers using a composition function, transfer the content to equivalent parameter-parallel layers for the character, and reconstruct the character's expression using the same composition function. Our algorithm uses the same parameter-parallel layered model of facial expression for both the actor and character, separating the content of facial expressions into emotion, speech, and eye-blink layers. Facial motion in each layer is embedded in simplicial bases, each of which encodes semantically significant configurations of the face. We show the transfer of facial motion capture and video-based tracking of the eyes and mouth of an actor to a number of faces with dissimilar facial structure and expressive disposition.
Manufacturability of 20-nm Ultrathin Body Fully Depleted SOI Devices With FUSI Metal Gates (2005)

Ultrathin body (UTB) fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (FDSOI) devices show great performance due to undoped channels and excellent electrostatic control. Very high drive currents and good off-state leakage, ideal subthreshold slope, and small drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL) have been reported with devices as short as 20 nm. The ultrathin channel enables high device performance, but it imposes a new set of problems. The control of the silicon thickness has become the dominant source of device variations. Selective epitaxial growth has become a necessity to achieve high performance and reliable contacts to UTB FDSOI devices. This work discusses silicon thickness control, selective epitaxial growth, and the mid-gap gate module needed for fully depleted devices. Very good control of short channel effect is shown and drive current fluctuations are discussed.
Tracking Sports Players with Context-Conditioned Motion Models (2013)

We employ hierarchical data association to track players in team sports. Player movements are often complex and highly correlated with both nearby and distant players. A single model would require many degrees of freedom to represent the full motion diversity and could be difficult to use in practice. Instead, we introduce a set of Game Context Features extracted from noisy detections to describe the current state of the match, such as how the players are spatially distributed. Our assumption is that players react to the current situation in only a finite number of ways. As a result, we are able to select an appropriate simplified affinity model for each player and time instant using a random decision forest based on current track and game context features. Our context-conditioned motion models implicitly incorporate complex inter-object correlations while remaining tractable. We demonstrate significant performance improvements over existing multi-target tracking algorithms on basketball and field hockey sequences several minutes in duration and containing 10 and 20 players respectively.
An Ultra-Low-Power Pulse Oximeter Implemented With an Energy-Efficient Transimpedance Amplifier (2009)

Pulse oximeters are ubiquitous in modern medicine to noninvasively measure the percentage of oxygenated hemoglobin in a patient's blood by comparing the transmission characteristics of red and infrared light-emitting diode light through the patient's finger with a photoreceptor. We present an analog single-chip pulse oximeter with 4.8-mW total power dissipation, which is an order of magnitude below our measurements on commercial implementations. The majority of this power reduction is due to the use of a novel logarithmic transimpedance amplifier with inherent contrast sensitivity, distributed amplification, unilateralization, and automatic loop gain control. The transimpedance amplifier, together with a photodiode current source, form a high-performance photoreceptor with characteristics similar to those found in nature, which allows LED power to be reduced. Therefore, our oximeter is well suited for portable medical applications, such as continuous home-care monitoring for elderly or chronic patients, emergency patient transport, remote soldier monitoring, and wireless medical sensing. Furthermore, our design obviates the need for an A-to-D and digital signal processor and leads to a small single-chip solution. We outline how extensions of our work could lead to submilliwatt oximeters.
New calibration technique for microwave moisture sensors (2001)

A new calibration technique was developed for implementation with microwave moisture sensors. The calibration permittivity function used for this purpose allows computation of moisture content in granular materials with significant differences in shape, dimensions, and composition, independent of bulk density and with temperature compensation. A 3D representation is used to plot the calibration permittivity function as it depends on temperature and moisture content in wheat and corn. For each material, data points form a plane surface. These planes have nearly the same coefficients, which can be utilized for the development of a "universal" calibration method for moisture sensing in natural and manufactured granular materials. Foundations of the method are discussed based on results obtained for wheat and corn over a wide temperature range and at moisture contents of practical interest.
In Vitro Characterization of a Purified NS2/3 Protease Variant of Hepatitis C Virus (2001)

The cleavage of the hepatitis C virus polyprotein between the nonstructural proteins NS2 and NS3 is mediated by the NS2/3 protease, whereas the NS3 protease is responsible for the cleavage of the downstream proteins. Purification and in vitro characterization of the NS2/3 protease has been hampered by its hydrophobic nature. NS2/3 protease activity could only be detected in cells or in in vitro translation assays with the addition of microsomal membranes or detergent. To facilitate purification of this poorly characterized protease, we truncated the N-terminal hydrophobic domain, resulting in an active enzyme with improved biophysical properties. We define a minimal catalytic region of NS2/3 protease retaining autocleavage activity that spans residues 904-1206 and includes the C-terminal half of NS2 and the N-terminal NS3 protease domain. The NS2/3 (904-1206) variant was purified from Escherichia coli inclusion bodies and refolded by gel filtration chromatography. The purified inactive form of NS2/3 (904-1206) was activated by the addition of glycerol and detergent to induce autocleavage at the predicted site between Leu(1026) and Ala(1027). NS2/3 (904-1206) activity was dependent on zinc ions and could be inhibited by NS4A peptides, peptides that span the cleavage site, or an N-terminal peptidic cleavage product. This NS2/3 variant will facilitate the development of an assay suitable for identifying inhibitors of HCV replication.
Capacity design of fast path restorable optical networks (2003)

Service restorability is a key requirement in optical networks. This means that when wavelength paths are established. both a primary path and a secondary disjoint path have to be set-up, with the secondary path being used for service restoration upon primary path failure. The secondary path may possibly be shared for efficiency. The need for secondary paths imposed by the restorability requirement has to be explicitly taken into consideration in the capacity design of optical networks. However, to our knowledge, there does not exist any algorithm for network capacity design that explicitly accounts for fast restoration requirements. The contribution of this paper is the development of algorithms for optical network capacity determination with restoration being directly taken into account. The problem is formulated as a generalization of the maximum concurrent flow problem that includes restoration requirements for the two different restoration models which are commonly used in optical networks with fast restoration requirements. We then develop fully polynomial approximation schemes that solve the restorable network capacity design problem.
Explosively actuated 100 KA opening switch for high voltage applications (1977)

Abstract : The role of opening switches for high power energy sources as those required in particle beam research is becoming more important as the prospects for use of inductive storage techniques widens. The technology associated with these switches is also applicable to protection of electric power transmission equipment where continually increasing voltage levels are being sought. A single shot modular opening switch capable of carrying currents up to 100 kA indefinitely and opening in a time of approximately 20 microseconds has been developed. High voltage tests with no current being carried by the switch were performed to determine the voltage hold-off capability of the switch. Application of high voltage across the 25 cm switch during its rupturing phase has shown that the gaps forming in the cylindrical conductor and the expanding gas core, as well as paraffin-gas interface can be stressed to more than 100 kV at times later than 70 microseconds after the initiation of the explosive. Tests with 2-gap (5 cm) switch showed that up to 10 kV/cm can be maintained.
Robust tracking of a virtual electrode on a coronary sinus catheter for atrial fibrillation ablation procedures (2012)

Catheter tracking in X-ray fluoroscopic images has become more important in interventional applications for atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation procedures. It provides real-time guidance for the physicians and can be used as reference for motion compensation applications. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to track a virtual electrode (VE), which is a non-existing electrode on the coronary sinus (CS) catheter at a more proximal location than any real electrodes. Successful tracking of the VE can provide more accurate motion information than tracking of real electrodes. To achieve VE tracking, we first model the CS catheter as a set of electrodes which are detected by our previously published learning-based approach.<sup>1</sup> The tracked electrodes are then used to generate the hypotheses for tracking the VE. Model-based hypotheses are fused and evaluated by a Bayesian framework. Evaluation has been conducted on a database of clinical AF ablation data including challenging scenarios such as low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), occlusion and nonrigid deformation. Our approach obtains 0.54mm median error and 90% of evaluated data have errors less than 1.67mm. The speed of our tracking algorithm reaches 6 frames-per-second on most data. Our study on motion compensation shows that using the VE as reference provides a good point to detect non-physiological catheter motion during the AF ablation procedures.<sup>2</sup>
Selective Mobile Communication in Socially Sensitive Environments (2014)

In certain environments, the use of mobile phones must be curtailed for the sake of security or out of respect for others. We present a novel method for selectively controlling mobile phone services in such areas using a base station controller and a sequence of detection steps to identify when the mobile device is within the coverage area. A prototype for the method has been developed using commercial off-the-shelf and custom designed hardware and software subsystems. Key components in the prototype system are two directional antennas located at the entry to the controlled area with one antenna facing outwards and the other inwards. By using the proposed detection method, the base station controller is able to detect when a mobile station enters or leaves the controlled area. Experiments using a variety of detection sequences by the two directional antennas and associated white- and blacklists of allowable and disallowed devices, respectively, confirm that the prototype system is able to effectively control the use of mobile devices within the coverage area.
Automated trust negotiation (2002)

Distributed software subjects face the problem of determining one another's trustworthiness. The problem considered is managing the exchange of credentials between strangers for the purpose of property-based authentication and authorization when credentials are sensitive. An architecture for trust negotiation between client and server is presented. The notion of a trust negotiation strategy is introduced and examined with respect to an abstract model of trust negotiation. Two strategies with very different properties are defined and analyzed. A language of credential expressions is presented, with two example negotiations illustrating the two negotiation strategies. Ongoing work on policies governing credential disclosure and trust negotiation is summarized.
Frequent Frameshift and Point Mutations in the SH Gene of Human Metapneumovirus Passaged In Vitro (2007)

During the preparation of recombinant derivatives of the CAN97-83 clinical isolate of human metapneumovirus (HMPV), consensus nucleotide sequencing of the recovered RNA genomes provided evidence of frequent sequence heterogeneity at a number of genome positions. This heterogeneity was suggestive of sizable subpopulations containing mutations. An analysis of molecularly cloned cDNAs confirmed the presence of mixed populations. The biologically derived virus on which the recombinant system is based also contained sizeable mutant subpopulations, whose presence was confirmed by biological cloning and nucleotide sequencing. Most of the mutations occurred in the SH gene. For example, partial consensus sequencing of 40 independent preparations of recombinant HMPV (wild-type and various derivatives) showed that 31 of these preparations contained a total of 41 instances of small insertions in the SH gene and a total of five small insertions elsewhere. In each of these 31 preparations, there was at least one insert in SH that changed the reading frame and would yield a truncated protein. Nearly all of these insertions involved adding one or more A residues to various tracks of four or more A residues, with the most frequent site being a tract of seven A residues. There were also two instances of nucleotide deletions and numerous instances of nucleotide substitution point mutations, mostly in the SH gene. The occurrence of mutant subpopulations was greatly reduced by the replacement of the SH gene with a synthetic version in which these oligonucleotide tracts were eliminated by silent nucleotide changes. We suggest that we frequently detected subpopulations in which the expression of full-length SH protein was ablated because it provided a modest selective advantage to this clinical isolate in vitro. Adaptation involving the functional loss of a gene is unusual for an RNA virus.
Nanoporous Fluorinated Metal–Organic Framework-Based Membranes for CO<sub>2</sub> Capture (2020)

The search for effective carbon-capture materials has permitted the disclosure and institution of nanoporous fluorinated metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with a contracted pore system as benchmark CO2-selective adsorbents. Namely, the SIFSIX-3-M (M = Zn, Cu, and Ni) MOF adsorbents, encompassing a periodic arrangement of fluorine moieties in a confined one-dimensional channels, exhibit a remarkable CO2 adsorption-based selectivity over CH4 and H2 in various industrially related gas mixtures. Here, we report the successful transplantation/integration of this distinctive CO2 selectivity, distinguishing this class of nanoporous MOF adsorbents to pure MOF membranes for carbon capture. Markedly, the liquid-phase epitaxy (LPE) growth approach permitted, for the first time, the building of continuous, homogeneous, and defect-free MOF membranes based on the SIFSIX-3-M platform, MSiF6(Pyz)2 with M = Ni or Cu, on a porous alumina substrate. Single and mixed-gas permeation tests revealed that the resulting nanoporous MOF membrane is a CO2-selective membrane, exhibiting the foreseen favorable CO2-selectivity toward carbon dioxide over H2, and CH4, governed by the CO2-selective adsorption in the functional and contracted channels of the SIFSIX-3-M.
Retraction of “Cyclodextrin Metal–Organic Frameworks: From the Research Laboratory to the Marketplace” (2020)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVRetractionNEXTRetraction of "Cyclodextrin Metal–Organic Frameworks: From the Research Laboratory to the Marketplace"Indranil RoyIndranil RoyMore by Indranil Roy, Benjie LimketkaiBenjie LimketkaiMore by Benjie Limketkai, Youssry Y. BotrosYoussry Y. BotrosMore by Youssry Y. Botros, and J. Fraser Stoddart*J. Fraser StoddartMore by J. Fraser StoddartCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 2020, 53, 11, 2762Publication Date (Web):March 17, 2020Publication History Received14 October 2019Published online17 March 2020Published inissue 17 November 2020https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00537https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00537retractionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2020 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views2788Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (509 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Anatomy,Crystals,Ions,Microspheres,Molecules Get e-Alerts