gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Heme enzyme patterns in rat liver nodules and tumors. (1987)

Chemically induced rat hepatocyte nodules and carcinomas have a reduced capacity to oxidize drugs. The reduction in monoxygenase activity results largely from the partial loss of cytochrome P-450, a heme-containing terminal electron acceptor. To determine whether the cytochrome P-450 deficit was indicative of an altered heme metabolism, we quantitated four heme-containing proteins in normal rat liver and in rat liver nodules and cancers induced by 2-acetylaminofluorene or diethyl-nitrosamine: cytochrome P-450; cytochrome bs; catalase (EC 1.11.1.6); and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.11). The amounts of these components in nodules were 45%, 88%, 50%, and 59% of normal liver, respectively; in 2-acetylaminofluorene-induced cancers, 65%, 74%, 64%, and 65%, respectively; and in diethylnitrosamine-induced cancers, 40%, 69%, 56%, and 52%. delta-Aminolevulinic acid synthase (EC 2.3.1.37), the rate-limiting enzyme in the heme synthetic pathway, and heme oxygenase (EC 1.14.99.3), a degradative enzyme, were also quantitated. The amounts of these enzymes in nodules were 95% and 138% of normal liver, respectively, whereas in 2-acetylaminofluorene-induced cancers, they were 47% and 233%, and in diethylnitrosamine-induced cancers, they were 50% and 175%. These data indicate that four nonmitochondrial liver hemoproteins were diminished to about the same extent in hepatic nodules and cancers. Nodules and cancers also demonstrated an increased capacity for heme degradation, while cancers also demonstrated a decreased capacity for heme synthesis. Thus, the resistance of nodules and tumors to P-450-activated cytotoxic agents may ultimately result from a disturbance in heme metabolism.
Unique Ligand Selectivity of the GPR92/LPA5 Lysophosphatidate Receptor Indicates Role in Human Platelet Activation (2009)

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a ligand for LPA 1-3 of the endothelial differentiation gene family G-protein-coupled receptors, and LPA 4 -8 is related to the purinergic family G-protein-coupled receptor. Because the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of GPR92/LPA 5 is limited and whether LPA is its preferred endogenous ligand has been questioned in the literature, in this study we applied a combination of computational and experimental site-directed mutagenesis of LPA 5 residues predicted to interact with the headgroup of LPA. Four residues involved in ligand recognition in LPA 5 were identified as follows: R2.60N mutant abolished receptor activation, whereas H4.64E, R6.62A, and R7.32A greatly reduced receptor activation. We also investigated the SAR of LPA 5 using LPA analogs and other non-lysophospholipid ligands. SAR revealed that the rank order of agonists is alkyl glycerol phosphate > LPA > farnesyl phosphates N-arachidonoylglycine. These results confirm LPA 5 to be a bona fide lysophospholipid receptor. We also evaluated several compounds with previously established selectivity for the endothelial differentiation gene receptors and found several that are LPA 5 agonists. A pharmacophore model of LPA 5 binding requirements was developed for in silico screening, which identified two non-lipid LPA 5 antagonists. Because LPA 5 transcripts are abundant in human platelets, we tested its antagonists on platelet activation and found that these non-lipid LPA 5 antagonists inhibit platelet activation. The present results suggest that selective inhibition of LPA 5 may provide a basis for future anti-thrombotic therapies.
Ocular effects of fenretinide, a vitamin A analog, in a chemoprevention trial of bladder cancer. (2000)

Fenretinide is a vitamin A derivative under investigation in cancer prevention trials. Because all available pharmacologic and toxicologic data were obtained from breast cancer patients, we measured plasma drug, metabolite, and vitamin A levels and studied their relationship with visual and ocular symptoms in a cohort formed mostly by male subjects belonging to a bladder cancer prevention trial. After 1 year, the mean plasma retinol levels (+/- standard deviation [SD]) were 168.2 +/- 75.8 ng/ml in 31 subjects treated with fenretinide and 594.5 +/- 168.4 ng/ml in 36 control subjects (P < .001). Plasma retinol levels were correlated inversely to drug and metabolite concentrations, which in turn were correlated inversely to the interval from last drug intake. The decline of plasma vitamin A levels accounted for a 41.7% cumulative incidence of diminished dark adaptability in the retinoid arm as compared to 6.8% in the control arm (odds ratio = 13.8; 95% confidence interval, 2.9-66.1). Although compliance as assessed by capsule count was high, three subjects originally assigned to the treatment group who proved to be noncompliers (8.8%, or 3 of 34) had no detectable plasma drug or metabolite levels. Our data confirm the specific pharmacologic and visual effects of fenretinide also in a male population and strengthen the importance of multiple blood measurements to monitor treatment compliance in prevention trials.
Argininosuccinate Synthetase-lyase Activity in Vaccinia Virus-infected HeLa and Mouse L Cells (1973)

SUMMARY Argininosuccinate synthetase-lyase activity in HeLa or mouse L cells increased markedly following infection by vaccinia virus. A repression mechanism determines specific activities in uninfected cells and greater activity was obtained in the presence of 0.2 mm-citrulline than of 0.6 mm-arginine. However, maximum activity in infected cells was obtained with 0.6 mm-arginine. The development of increased enzyme activity in virus-infected cells was inhibited by puromycin or actinomycin D. Treatment of infected cells with FUdR resulted in higher levels of activity than in similar cells in the absence of the inhibitor. The Michaelis constants of enzymes in HeLa and mouse L cells were 0.11 × 10−3 m and 0.07 × 10−3 m, respectively; the same value of 1.0 × 10−3 m was determined for both species of infected cells. Amino acid analysis of purified vaccinia virus prepared from HeLa cell cultures infected in the presence of [14C]-carbamoyl-citrulline showed that radioactivity was associated exclusively with arginine. It is concluded that the anabolism of arginine from citrulline in vaccinia virus-infected cells is determined by virus-coded enzymes.
Locally Optimum and Suboptimum Detector Performance in a Non-Gaussian Interference Environment (1984)

Since the normally assumed with Gaussian interference is the most destructive in terms of minimizing channel capacity, substantial improvement can usually be obtained if the real-word interference environment (non-Gaussian) is properly taken into account. In this report, the performance of the locally optimum Bayes detector (LOBD) is compared with the performance of various ad hoc nonlinear detection schemes. The theoretical results may be misleading due to the assumptions that are required in order to derive them analytically. For a particular type of broadband impulsive noise, the critical assumptions of
Colorimetric determination of cyanide in enzyme-hydrolyzed extracts of dried sorghum leaves (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTColorimetric determination of cyanide in enzyme-hydrolyzed extracts of dried sorghum leavesFrancis A. Haskins, Herman J. Gorz, and Robert M. HillCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1988, 36, 4, 775–778Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00082a026https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00082a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views146Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Structure and Evolution of the Actin Gene Family in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (1996)

Higher plants contain families of actin-encoding genes that are divergent and differentially expressed. Progress in understanding the functions and evolution of plant actins has been hindered by the large size of the actin gene families. In this study, we characterized the structure and evolution of the actin gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana. DNA blot analyses with gene-specific probes suggested that all 10 of the Arabidopsis actin gene family members have been isolated and established that Arabidopsis has a much simpler actin gene family than other plants that have been examined. Phylogenetic analyses suggested that the Arabidopsis gene family contains at least two ancient classes of genes that diverged early in land plant evolution and may have separated vegetative from reproductive actins. Subsequent divergence produced a total of six distinct subclasses of actin, and five showed a distinct pattern of tissue specific expression. The concordance of expression patterns with the phylogenetic structure is discussed. These subclasses appear to be evolving independently, as no evidence of gene conversion was found. The Arabidopsis actin proteins have an unusually large number of nonconservative amino acid substitutions, which mapped to the surface of the actin molecule, and should effect protein-protein interactions.
DEVELOPMENT OF MICRO PLASMA ACTUATOR FOR ACTIVE FLOW CONTROL (2009)

ABSTRACT. We establish the design and fabrication of mm-size plasma actuators through MEMS process. The flow induced by three differently sized actuators fabricated is measured by laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) in order to clarify these actuators ’ characteristics. The present experiment first confirms the same dependency of the induced velocity on the imposed voltage as reported in previous work. Then, it is clarified that there exists the optimal frequency to drive a flow unlike previous studies. In the measurement of the flow field, strong suction as well as blowing near the actuator is found in accordance with conventional large plasma actuators. Moreover, distinct suction and blowing in the lateral direction is also identified when reducing the length of actuator. The efficiency of plasma actuator is not changed significantly through miniaturization. These results show that the micro plasma actuator is applicable to various flow controls, particularly, to turbulent flows where small scale structures should be directly manipulated.
Analysis of dual-stage erbium-doped fibre amplifiers with passive equalisation filters (1999)

The gain and noise properties of dual-stage gain flattened erbium doped fibre amplifiers (EDFA) are analysed. Simple expressions are derived to aid the design and understanding of the dual-stage EDFAs. Simulation is carried out to determine the behaviour of EDFAs when subject to different operating parameters. It is found that a dual-stage EDFA incorporating an equalisation filter, variable attenuator and gain control makes it ideal for use as an on-line optical amplifier in WDM networks.
Explaining and Predicting Preeclampsia (2006)

Preeclampsia, either alone or superimposed on another disorder, is a major cause of maternal and fetal death and the leading cause of premature delivery worldwide.1 Underappreciated is the strain that preeclampsia places on the health care resources of all nations. This disease increases the need for neonatal intensive care; in addition, early birth may lead to health problems later in life. Considerable evidence suggests that premature delivery increases the incidence of remote cardiovascular and metabolic health problems, which themselves create enormous economic health burdens.2,3 Thus, the ability to predict or prevent preeclampsia or the development of therapy that safely . . .
<i>Trans</i>-fatty acids and cancer: a mini-review (2009)

The association between trans-fatty acids (TFA) and cancer risk is poorly understood and remains controversial. It is recognised that unique biological effects are associated with specific isoforms within families of fatty acids such as those belonging to the n-3 fatty acids. Furthermore, the interactions between diet and genetic polymorphisms are increasingly recognised for their potential risk-modifying effects on human health and disease. Therefore, the aim of the present review is to evaluate whether specific TFA isomers and genetic polymorphisms differentially modify cancer risk in prostate, colon and breast cancers in animal and human models. Potential mechanisms of action by which TFA may affect cancer development are also reviewed. Overall, across a number of experimental models and human studies, there is insufficient and inconsistent evidence linking specific TFA isomers to cancers of the prostate, colon and breast. A number of methodological limitations and experimental considerations were identified which may explain the inconsistencies observed across these studies. Therefore, further research is warranted to accurately assess the relationship between TFA and cancer risk.
Heat pipe technology issues (1984)

Critical high temperature, high power applications in space nuclear power designs are near the current state of the art of heat pipe technology in terms of power density, operating temperature, and lifetime. Recent heat pipe development work at Los Alamos National Laboratory has involved performance testing of typical space reactor heat pipe designs to power levels in excess of 19 kW/cm/sup 2/ axially and 300 W/cm/sup 2/ radially at temperatures in the 1400 to 1500 K range. Operation at conditions in the 10 kW/cm/sup 2/ range has been sustained for periods of up to 1000 hours without evidence of performance degradation. The effective length for heat transport in these heat pipes was from 1.0 to 1.5 M. Materials used were molybdenum alloys with lithium employed as the heat pipe operating fluid. Shorter, somewhat lower power, molybdenum heat pipes have been life tested at Los Alamos for periods of greater than 25,000 hours at 1700 K with lithium and 20,000 hours at 1500/sup 0/K with sodium. These life test demonstrations and the attendant performance limit investigations provide an experimental basis for heat pipe application in space reactor design and represent the current state-of-the-art of high temperature heat pipe technology.
Constant Switching Frequency Self-Oscillating Controlled Class-D Amplifiers (2014)

The self-oscillating control approach has been used extensively in class-D amplifiers. It has several advantages such as high bandwidth and high audio performance. However, one of the primary disadvantages in a self-oscillating controlled system is that the switching frequency of the amplifier varies with the ratio of the output voltage to the input rail voltage. In other words, the switching frequency varies with the duty cycle of the output. The drop in the frequency results in lower control bandwidth and higher output voltage ripple, which are undesirable. This paper proposes a new self-oscillating control scheme that maintains a constant switching frequency over the full range of output voltage. The frequency difference is processed by a compensator whose output adjusts the total loop gain of the control system. It has been proven by simulation that a con-stant switching frequency self-oscillating converter is achieved and the proposed control circuit performs satisfactorily. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.20.6.7273
Right ventricular failure after left ventricular assist device implantation: a review of the literature (2021)

Right ventricular failure (RVF) following left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation remains a major complication which may significantly impair patient outcome. The genesis of RVF is, however, multifactorial, and the mechanisms underlying such a condition have not been fully elucidated, making its prevention challenging and the course not always predictable. Although preoperative risks factors can be associated with RV impairment, the physiologic changes after the LV support, can still hamper the function of the RV. Current medical treatment options are limited and sometimes, patients with a severe post-LVAD RVF may be unresponsive to pharmacological therapy and require more aggressive treatment, such as temporary RV support. We retrieved 11 publications which we assessed and divided in groups based on the RV support [extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), right ventricular assist device (RVAD), TandemHeart with ProtekDuo cannula]. The current review comprehensively summarizes the main studies of the literature with particular attention to the RV physiology and its changes after the LVAD implantation, the predictors and prognostic score as well as the different modalities of temporary mechanical cardio-circulatory support, and its effects on patient prognosis for RVF in such a setting. In addition, it provides a decision making of the pre-, intra and post-operative management in high- and moderate- risk patients.
Effects of Plasmodium falciparum Mixed Infections on In Vitro Antimalarial Drug Tests and Genotyping (2008)

Studying drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum requires accurate measurement of parasite response to a drug. Factors such as mixed infection of drug-resistant and -sensitive parasites can influence drug test outcome. Polymorphic DNA sequences are frequently used to detect mixed infections; infections with a single genotype or having a minor allele smaller than a subjectively selected cut-off value are often considered single infection. We studied the effects of mixed parasite populations containing various ratios of parasites resistant and sensitive to chloroquine on outcomes of drug tests and how ratios of parasite mixtures correlated with genotypes using polymerase chain reaction-based methods. Our results show that a mixture with a resistant population as low as 10% could greatly impact a drug test outcome. None of the genotyping methods could reliably detect minor DNA alleles at < or = 10%. Mixed infection presents a serious problem for drug tests, and genotyping using microsatellite or other methods may not reliably reflect true ratios of alleles.
Invasive Aspergillosis in Children: A Review of 12 Patients (2013)

Objective: Aspergillus is an important cause of opportunistic pathogens in normal or immunocompromised children. It may cause respiratory or systemic infections, and can caused life-threatening complications. Invasive respiratory aspergillosis in immunocompromised children has a high morbidity and mortality. In the study, we analyzed the clinical manifestations and outcomes of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis of immunocompromised children in the hematology and oncology unit in a tertiary children facility in northern Taiwan. Methods: We performed a computer analysis of patients with a discharge diagnosis of aspergillosis in Chang Gung Children’s Hospital between August, 2004 and May, 2010. According to the amended EORTC/MSG criteria, children with the diagnoses of proven, probable or possible invasive aspergillosis (IA) were enrolled into this study. Demographic data, clinical presentations, radiographic findings, Galactomannan test, fungal culture, antifungal therapy, and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Results: A total of 12 patients with proven, probable and possible invasive IA were enrolled. The median age was 13.5 years (range 5 to 17 years). Eighty-three percent of children had underlying hematological malignancy and 17% had solid tumor. Fever was the most common (92%) symptom and followed by cough (75%), hemoptysis (50%), chest pain (33.3%) and dyspnea (33.3%). The most frequent diagnostic radiographic finding of the lung was pulmonary nodules (58.3%). Cavitation was seen in 16.7% of patients, the air crescent sign and the halo sign were found in each of 8.3% of these children. Only 16.6% of cultures yielded a growth of Aspergillus species from specimens of sputum and pleural effusion. All patients received Voriconazole treatment before the diagnosis of IA. Eight out of 12 patients (66.7%) died during treatment for IA. Conclusions: For children with hematologic and oncologic disorders and neutropenia, who presented with chest pain, hemoptysis and fever lasted for more than 72 hours, with the presence of pulmonary nodules and consolidations. IA should be highly suspected. IA had high mortality in such children and adequate antifungal medications did not enhance survival rate. Early diagnosis of IA is crucial and prophylactic antifungal medication should be prescribed before confirmation in such immunocompromised children with abovementioned clinical features and radiographic findings.
Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition (1982)

This article reviews published data on the mechanical properties of additively manufactured metallic materials. The additive manufacturing techniques utilized to generate samples covered in this review include powder bed fusion (e.g., EBM, SLM, DMLS) and ...Read More
Presentation Level Integration of Portal Personalization Architecture (2006)

Web portals are a mean for presentation level integration of enterprise application and services. Web portals allow the users to select the links they would like on their personal page. A portal is built upon layers of services and component modules. Portlets are used by portals as pluggable user interface components that provide a presentation layer to Information systems. In our approach, portal provide web based, personalizable and integrated system to access internal and external application which support user process and implement front-end integration. Portal will collect data form more than one source page and present it as a single page at outside.
Catch the moment: maintaining closed frequent itemsets over a data stream sliding window (2006)

This paper considers the problem of mining closed frequent itemsets over a data stream sliding window using limited memory space. We design a synopsis data structure to monitor transactions in the sliding window so that we can output the current closed frequent itemsets at any time. Due to time and memory constraints, the synopsis data structure cannot monitor all possible itemsets. However, monitoring only frequent itemsets will make it impossible to detect new itemsets when they become frequent. In this paper, we introduce a compact data structure, the closed enumeration tree (CET), to maintain a dynamically selected set of itemsets over a sliding window. The selected itemsets contain a boundary between closed frequent itemsets and the rest of the itemsets. Concept drifts in a data stream are reflected by boundary movements in the CET. In other words, a status change of any itemset (e.g., from non-frequent to frequent) must occur through the boundary. Because the boundary is relatively stable, the cost of mining closed frequent itemsets over a sliding window is dramatically reduced to that of mining transactions that can possibly cause boundary movements in the CET. Our experiments show that our algorithm performs much better than representative algorithms for the sate-of-the-art approaches.