gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Target Cell Cyclophilins Facilitate Human Papillomavirus Type 16 Infection (2009)

Following attachment to primary receptor heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG), human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) particles undergo conformational changes affecting the major and minor capsid proteins, L1 and L2, respectively. This results in exposure of the L2 N-terminus, transfer to uptake receptors, and infectious internalization. Here, we report that target cell cyclophilins, peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerases, are required for efficient HPV16 infection. Cell surface cyclophilin B (CyPB) facilitates conformational changes in capsid proteins, resulting in exposure of the L2 N-terminus. Inhibition of CyPB blocked HPV16 infection by inducing noninfectious internalization. Mutation of a putative CyP binding site present in HPV16 L2 yielded exposed L2 N-terminus in the absence of active CyP and bypassed the need for cell surface CyPB. However, this mutant was still sensitive to CyP inhibition and required CyP for completion of infection, probably after internalization. Taken together, these data suggest that CyP is required during two distinct steps of HPV16 infection. Identification of cell surface CyPB will facilitate the study of the complex events preceding internalization and adds a putative drug target for prevention of HPV-induced diseases.
Cre activity causes widespread apoptosis and lethal anemia during embryonic development (2007)

Cre-mediated excision of targeted loxP sites is widely used to delete or to activate gene expression in temporal or tissue-specific fashions. We examine three previously described cre alleles and find that Cre activity alone causes dramatic developmental defects, such as loss of hematopoietic activity and dramatically upregulated apoptosis in many embryonic tissues in two of these lines. These results demonstrate that cre expression generates spurious phenotypes that can confound genetics analyses. We also find that most recently published studies fail to include cre-positive controls, and thus may have attributed roles to a targeted gene, which were in reality partly or wholly due to Cre toxicity. This information will be critical in both evaluating previously published work using cre alleles and in designing future experiments.
Polymerization of olefins with high activity catalysts (1981)

The development of Ziegler-Natta catalysts for propylene polymerization up to the high activity supported catalysts is reviewed. Special attention is paid to the structure of the support. By quenching the polymerization with radioactive carbon monoxide, the number of active centres and the propagation rate constant (Kp) have been determined for propylene polymerization in the presence of a highly active catalyst. The higher activity of this catalyst in comparison with TiCl3 based catalysts appears to be mainly due to a higher number of active centres; however higher values of kp are also observed.
Selective enrichment of specific DNA, cDNA and RNA sequences using biotinylated probes, avidin and copper-chelate agarose (1986)

We have developed a general procedure for the rapid and efficient enrichment of specific DNA, RNA or cDNA sequences. Biotinylated DNA or RNA is used as a hybridization probe in solution, avidin is then added to label both the probe and hybrid molecules, and the hybridization mixture chromatographed over cupric-iminodiacetic acid agarose beads. Avidin-probe and avidin-hybrid molecules are selectively retained on the column; non-hybridized sequences are contained in the flow-through fraction. Sequences retained on the column are recovered in high yield by the addition of ethylenediamine tetracetic acid in the buffer. The method can be used in both subtractive enrichment and positive selection protocols. Here we report its application to the isolation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae specific genomic DNA clones and the purification of a cDNA subpopulation representing mRNA sequences that are over-expressed in murine Friend cells after dimethylsulfoxide induction.
IBM Research TRECVID-2008 Video Retrieval System (2008)

In this paper, we describe the IBM Research system for indexing, analysis, and retrieval of video as applied to the TREC-2008 video retrieval benchmark. This year, focus of the system improvement was on large-scale learning, cross-domain detection, and interactive search. A. High-level concept detection: 1. A ibm.Baseline 5: Baseline runs with randomsubspace bagging; 2. A ibm.BaseSSL 4: Fusion of baseline runs and principal component semi-supervised support vector machines(P CS 3 V M); 3. A ibm.BaseSSLText 3: Fusion of A ibm.BaseSSL 4 and text search results; 4. C ibm.CrossDomain 6: Learning on data from web domain; 5. C ibm.BNet 2: Multi-concept learning with baseline, P CS 3 V M and web concepts; 6. C ibm.BOR 1: Best overall runs by compiling the best models based on heldout performance for each concept. Overall, almost all the individual components can improve the mean average precision after fused with the baseline results. To summarize, we have the following observations from our evaluation results: 1) The baseline run using random-subspace bagging offers a reasonable starting performance with a more efficient learning process than standard SVMs; 2) By learning on both feature space and unlabeled data,
Energy efficient SDN commodity switch based practical flow forwarding method (2016)

Recent SDN researches suffer from over-accumulation of unhealthy flow-load. Instead, we leverage the SDN controller network view to encode the end-to-end path information into the packet address. Our solution EncPath significantly reduces the flow-table size and the number of control messages. Consequently, the power consumption of network switches is in orders of magnitude less than other evaluated solutions. It also provides flow management flexibility and scalability. We compare EncPath with single and multipath routing solutions and single path solution. Also, we operated them in proactive and reactive modes. We find that EncPath flow entries in core switches in a multihomed fat-tree with 144 hosts is approximately 1000 times smaller than Equal-Cost MultiPath (ECMP) and random routing. Additionally, the number of control messages to setup the network is reduced by a factor of 200×. This, consequently, affords data-plane and control-plane devices space to process other tasks.
Chloramine T and related N-halogeno-N-metallo reagents (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChloramine T and related N-halogeno-N-metallo reagentsMalcolm M. Campbell and Graham. JohnsonCite this: Chem. Rev. 1978, 78, 1, 65–79Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr60311a005https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60311a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1656Altmetric-Citations266LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ring-opening metathesis polymerization of the bis(methyl carbonate) and bis(S-methyl dithiocarbonate) of norbornene and thermal conversion to poly(cyclopentadienylenevinylene) (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRing-opening metathesis polymerization of the bis(methyl carbonate) and bis(S-methyl dithiocarbonate) of norbornene and thermal conversion to poly(cyclopentadienylenevinylene)Michael Schimetta and Franz StelzerCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 14, 3769–3772Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00092a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00092a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views154Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An active optics system for EUV/soft x-ray beam shaping (2012)

FERMI@Elettra is a VUV/Soft X-ray Free Electron Laser (FEL) user facility under commissioning in Trieste, Italy. It provides a spatially coherent transform-limited photon beam in the sub-ps regime with high fluence and tunable wavelength. One of the FERMI beamlines, TIMEX, will be dedicated to the study of matter under extreme and metastable conditions, created and probed by the FEL radiation. Moreover, an active optics dedicated to perform the beam shaping at focus is needed in order to provide the necessary flat-top intensity distribution for heating the sample uniformly. In this work the principles of the beam shaping applied to the TIMEX beamline will be discussed as well as the adopted solution. Ray tracing simulations will be shown for theoretical mirror profiles as well as the metrological measurements with an interferometer and the Long Trace Profiler (LTP).
Shared Synaptic Pathophysiology in Syndromic and Nonsyndromic Rodent Models of Autism (2012)

The genetic heterogeneity of autism poses a major challenge for identifying mechanism-based treatments. A number of rare mutations are associated with autism, and it is unclear whether these result in common neuronal alterations. Monogenic syndromes, such as fragile X, include autism as one of their multifaceted symptoms and have revealed specific defects in synaptic plasticity. We discovered an unexpected convergence of synaptic pathophysiology in a nonsyndromic form of autism with those in fragile X syndrome. Neuroligin-3 knockout mice (a model for nonsyndromic autism) exhibited disrupted heterosynaptic competition and perturbed metabotropic glutamate receptor-dependent synaptic plasticity, a hallmark of fragile X. These phenotypes could be rescued by reexpression of neuroligin-3 in juvenile mice, highlighting the possibility of reverting neuronal circuit alterations in autism after the completion of development.
Multiresolution splatting for indirect illumination (2009)

Global illumination provides a visual richness not achievable with the direct illumination models used by most interactive applications. To generate global effects, numerous approximations attempt to reduce global illumination costs to levels feasible in interactive contexts. One such approximation, reflective shadow maps, samples a shadow map to identify secondary light sources whose contributions are splatted into eye-space. This splatting introduces significant overdraw that is usually reduced by artificially shrinking each splat's radius of influence. This paper introduces a new, multi-resolution approach for interactively splatting indirect illumination. Instead of reducing GPU fill rate by reducing splat size, we reduce fill rate by rendering splats into a multi-resolution buffer. This takes advantage of the low-frequency nature of diffuse and glossy indirect lighting, allowing rendering of indirect contributions at low resolution where lighting changes slowly and at high resolution near discontinuities. Because this multi-resolution rendering occurs on a per-splat basis, we can significantly reduce fill rate without arbitrarily clipping splat contributions below a given threshold---those regions simply are rendered at a coarse resolution.
Mercury Rising: The High and Lows of the Popular Skin Lightening Ingredient (2011)

Mercury, long known as a toxic substance, is making a comeback in skin products, and dermatologists should familiarise themselves with both the dangers and the availability of this all-too-common cosmeceutical ingredient says Dr Leslie Baumann.
Oracle parallel warehouse server (2002)

Oracle is the leading supplier of data warehouse servers, yet little has been published about Oracle's parallel warehouse architecture. After a brief review of Oracle's market, performance, and platform strengths, we present two novel features of the Oracle parallel database architecture. First, the data flow model achieves scalability while using a fixed number of threads that is independent of the complexity of the query plan. Second, a new "load shipping" architecture combines the best aspects of data shipping and function shipping, and runs on shared everything, shared disk, and shared nothing hardware.
Anomalous Current-Induced Spin Torques in Ferrimagnets near Compensation (2017)

While current-induced spin-orbit torques have been extensively studied in ferromagnets and antiferromagnets, ferrimagnets have been less studied. Here we report the presence of enhanced spin-orbit torques resulting from negative exchange interaction in ferrimagnets. The effective field and switching efficiency increase substantially as CoGd approaches its compensation point, giving rise to 9 times larger spin-orbit torques compared to that of a noncompensated one. The macrospin modeling results also support efficient spin-orbit torques in a ferrimagnet. Our results suggest that ferrimagnets near compensation can be a new route for spin-orbit torque applications due to their high thermal stability and easy current-induced switching assisted by negative exchange interaction.
Automatic pronunciation verification for speech recognition (2015)

Pronunciations for words are a critical component in an automated speech recognition system (ASR) as mis-recognitions may be caused by missing or inaccurate pronunciations. The need for high quality pronunciations has recently motivated data-driven techniques to generate them [1]. We propose a data-driven and language-independent framework for verification of such pronunciations to further improve the lexicon quality in ASR. New candidate pronunciations are verified by re-recognizing historical audio logs and examining the associated recognition costs. We build an additional pronunciation quality feature from word and pronunciation frequencies in logs. A machine learned classifier trained on these features achieves nearly 90% accuracy in labeling good vs bad pronunciations across all languages we tested. New pronunciations verified as good may be added to a dictionary, while bad pronunciations may be discarded or sent to experts for further evaluation. We simultaneously verify 5,000 to 30,000 new pronunciations within a few hours and show improvements in the ASR performance as a result of including pronunciations verified by this system.
An efficient filling algorithm for non-simple closed curves using the point containment paradigm (2002)

The point containment predicate which specifies if a point is part of a mathematically defined shape or not is one of the most basic notions in raster graphics. The paper presents a technique to counteract the main disadvantage of point containment algorithms: their quadratic time complexity with increasing resolution. The implemented algorithm handles complex geometries such as self-intersecting closed curves.
Electrical Spin Injection and Threshold Reduction in a Semiconductor Laser (2007)

A spin-polarized vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser is demonstrated with electrical spin injection from an Fe/Al0.1Ga0.9As Schottky tunnel barrier. Laser operation with a spin-polarized current results in a maximum threshold current reduction of 11% and degree of circular polarization of 23% at 50 K. A cavity spin polarization of 16.8% is estimated from spin-dependent rate equation analysis of the observed threshold reduction.
Secure Firmware Updates for IoT: A Survey (2018)

The evolution of the Internet to an ubiquitous computing environment where massive amounts of devices will be connected. Sharing, receiving and acting upon data has brought in a problem of security. There are as many firmware and software update procedures as there are manufacturers. Therefore it would be good if a common solution could be found. We looked for suitable mechanisms in the past three years, to be used in Internet of Things networks as well as an up and coming research and standardization work. Our findings show that there indeed are good options for firmware update mechanisms that use state-of-the-art technologies to deliver updates in a secure manner. While not all the mechanisms were specifically targeting deployment scenarios found in the Internet of Things, we still believe the concept of such update mechanism is suitable also for IoT use and thus can be adapted trivially to IoT networks and devices. We also propose a generic four-element model for secure firmware updates.
Regulation of BDNF expression by cocaine. (2012)

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of the neurotrophin family of growth factors. It is expressed throughout the nervous system. A unique feature of the BDNF gene is the existence of multiple mRNA transcripts, all of which are translated into BDNF protein, suggesting a multilevel regulation of expression. In particular, the BDNF exon IV promoter region is a preferential target for epigenetic alterations, as it contains binding sites for CREB and MeCP2, two transcriptional regulators known to mediate epigenetic changes. Exposure to drugs of abuse is known to modulate epigenetic regulation of BDNF gene expression. This review will discuss how exposure to cocaine, one of the most addictive drugs known to mankind, can produce alterations in BDNF gene expression, especially in the mesolimbic dopaminergic system, which lead to alterations in the reward-mediated behaviors involved in addiction.
An Empirical Analysis on Web Service Anti-pattern Detection Using a Machine Learning Framework (2018)

Web Services are application components characterised by interoperability, extensibility, distributed application development and service oriented architecture. A complex distributed application can be developed by combing several third-party web-services. Anti-patterns are counter-productive and poor design and practices. Web-services suffer from a multitude of anti-patterns such as God object Web service and Fine grained Web service. Our work is motivated by the need to build techniques for automatically detecting common web-services anti-patterns by static analysis of the source code implementing a web-service. Our approach is based on the premise that summary values of object oriented source code metrics computed at a web-service level can be used as a predictor for anti-patterns. We present an empirical analysis of 4 data sampling techniques to encounter the class imbalance problem, 5 feature ranking techniques to identify the most informative and relevant features and 8 machine learning algorithms for predicting 5 different types of anti-patterns on 226 real-world web-services across several domains. We conclude that it is possible to predict anti-patterns using source code metrics and a machine learning framework. Our analysis reveals that the best performing classification algorithm is Random Forest, best performing data sampling technique is SMOTE and the best performing feature ranking method is OneR.
Feature-based multiresolution modeling of solids (2005)

Recently, three-dimensional CAD systems based on feature-based solid modeling techniques have been widely used for product design. However, when part models associated with features are used in various downstream applications, simplified models at various levels of detail (LODs) are frequently more desirable than the full details of the parts. One challenge is to generate valid models at various LODs after an arbitrary rearrangement of features using a certain LOD criterion, because composite Boolean operations consisting of union and subtraction are not commutative. This article proposes an algorithm for feature-based multiresolution solid modeling based on the effective volumes of features. This algorithm guarantees the same resulting shape and the reasonable intermediate LOD models for an arbitrary rearrangement of the features, regardless of whether feature types are additive or subtractive. This characteristic enables various LOD criteria to be used for a wide range of applications including computer-aided design and analysis.
Serum antibodies to oral Bacteroides asaccharolyticus (Bacteroides gingivalis): relationship to age and periondontal disease (1981)

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay microplate method was used for measuring levels of antibody specific for the oral serotype of Bacteroides asaccharolyticus (Bacteroides gingivalis) in serum samples obtained from umbilical cords, infants, children, periodontally normal adults, and edentulous adults. Serum from patients with various periodontal diseases, including adult periodontitis, localized juvenile periodontitis, generalized juvenile periodontitis, post-localized juvenile periodontitis, and acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, were also studied. A positive correlation between increase in age and increase in both prevalence and level of specific antibody in the G, A, and M classes of immunoglobulins was observed. This indicates that antibodies reactive with oral B. asaccharolyticus found in up to 84% of normal adults are natural antibodies, presumably with a protective role. Among the patient groups, those with adult periodontitis were found to have levels of immunoglobulin G antibodies to oral B. asaccharolyticus that were five times higher than the antibody levels found in control subjects. The levels of IgG antibodies to this organism in the other patient groups were comparable to the levels found in the control group. However, 50% of the individuals in the generalized juvenile periodontitis group had high levels of immunoglobulin G antibodies to B. asaccharolyticus, suggesting heterogeneity with respect to immune response in these patients. These results indicate that antibodies to oral B. asaccharolyticus (B. gingivalis) occur at low levels in most normal children and adults and that the rise in titer of the specific antibodies of each major class of immunoglobulins parallels the ontogenic change in serum levels of that isotype. In contrast, there is a marked increase in titer of immunoglobulin G antibodies to oral B. asaccharolyticus in the group of patients with adult periodontitis and in patients with the generalized form of juvenile periodontitis.
DRS concerns about managed care (1997)

The concept of managed care is discussed and the concerns of the Doctors Reform Society expressed. (non-author abstract)