gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of a major human high molecular weight salivary mucin (MG1) as tracheobronchial mucin MUC5B (1997)

Human saliva contains high and low molecular weight mucin glycoproteins, that are distinct. Recently the gene encoding low molecular weight salivary mucin was cloned and designated MUC7, whereas the primary structure of high molecular weight salivary mucin is unclear. Furthermore, the expression patterns of high and low molecular weight salivary mucins in salivary glands have been debated. We have previously generated monoclonal antibodies specific for the peptide cores of salivary mucins. In the present study a monoclonal antibody specific for high molecular weight salivary mucin was used to screen a human salivary gland cDNA library. A single clone, SAL1, was identified and found to be encoded by tracheobronchial mucin gene MUC5B. A previously reported partial cDNA sequence from salivary mucin was linked to SAL1/MUC5B by genomic cloning and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Northern analysis of salivary gland RNA probed with SAL1 suggested that MUC5B was highly expressed in salivary glands. In situ hybridization was performed with a SAL1/MUC5B probe and a MUC7 probe. All mucous cells from the submandibular, sublingual, palatine, and labial glands labeled with the MUC5B probe, while serous cells labeled with the MUC7 probe. These findings were in accordance with our previous immunohistological results of the cellular localizations of salivary mucins. The results suggest that MUC5B is identical to or a major fraction of high molecular weight salivary mucin, and that MUC5B is expressed in all mucous cells of salivary glands. In contrast MUC7 is expressed in serous cells of salivary glands except the parotid glands.
Photocaged Morpholino Oligomers for the Light-Regulation of Gene Function in Zebrafish and <i>Xenopus</i> Embryos (2010)

Morpholino oligonucleotides, or morpholinos, have emerged as powerful antisense reagents for evaluating gene function in both in vitro and in vivo contexts. However, the constitutive activity of these reagents limits their utility for applications that require spatiotemporal control, such as tissue-specific gene disruptions in embryos. Here we report a novel and efficient synthetic route for incorporating photocaged monomeric building blocks directly into morpholino oligomers and demonstrate the utility of these caged morpholinos in the light-activated control of gene function in both cell culture and living embryos. We demonstrate that a caged morpholino that targets enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) disrupts EGFP production only after exposure to UV light in both transfected cells and living zebrafish (Danio rerio) and Xenopus frog embryos. Finally, we show that a caged morpholino targeting chordin, a zebrafish gene that yields a distinct phenotype when functionally disrupted by conventional morpholinos, elicits a chordin phenotype in a UV-dependent manner. Our results suggest that photocaged morpholinos are readily synthesized and highly efficacious tools for light-activated spatiotemporal control of gene expression in multiple contexts.
Metalation of bromodiazines. Diazines XL (2005)

The syntheses of 2-bromopyrazine, 2,4-dibromopyrimidines, and 3-bromo-6-phenylpyrazine were improved and their metalation with lithium alkylamides was studied.
Brief Report: Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Atrophy in Coculture Increases Aggressiveness of Transformed Cells (2013)

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are able to influence the growth abilities of transformed cells. Here, we show that papillary thyroid cancer TPC1 and HEK 293T cells interact physically with human primary bone marrow-derived MSCs followed by evanescence of MSC cytoplasm. Interestingly, transformed cells were able to connect only to apoptotic MSCs that had lost their migration ability, whereas naïve MSCs avoided the direct contact. The interaction stimulated the proliferation of the cocultured transformed cells, activated mitogen and stress signaling, and increased resistance to cytotoxins. Consistent with in vitro data, the MSC interaction stimulated transformed cells had enhanced ability to grow and metastasize in vivo. The parental control cells showed mild tumorigenicity as compared to MSC interaction stimulated cells yielding measurable tumors in 31 days and 7 days, respectively. Our coculture model system describes how adjacent transformed cells absorb stromal cells thereby leading to the stroma-driven evolution of moderately carcinogenic cells to highly aggressive metastatic cells.
An extensive 3′ <i>cis</i>-regulatory region directs the imaginal disk expression of <i>decapentaplegic</i>, a member of the TGF-<i>β</i> family in <i>Drosophila</i> (1991)

The decapentaplegic (dpp) gene in Drosophila melanogaster encodes a TGF-beta-like signalling molecule that is expressed in a complex and changing pattern during development. One of dpp's contributions is to proximal-distal outgrowth of the adult appendages, structures derived from the larval imaginal disks. Appendage specific mutations of dpp fall in a 20 kb interval 3' to the known dpp transcripts. Here, we directly test the hypothesis that these mutations define an extended 3' cis-regulatory region. By analysis of germ-line transformants expressing a reporter gene, we show that sequences from this portion of the gene, termed the dppdisk region, are capable of directing expression comparable to that defined by RNA in situ hybridization. We localize two intervals of the dppdisk region that appear to account for much of the dpp spatial pattern in imaginal disks and discuss the positions of these important elements in terms of the genetics of dpp. Finally, we provide evidence to suggest that one of our constructs expresses beta-galactosidase in the early imaginal disk primordia in the embryo, at approximately the time when they are set aside from surrounding larval epidermal tissues. Thus, dpp may be involved directly in the determination of the imaginal disks.
<i>In vitro</i>squelching of activated transcription by serum response factor: evidence for a common coactivator used by muliple transcriptional activators (1992)

Low amounts of serum response factor (SRF) activate transcription in vitro from a fos promoter construct containing an SRF binding site. Using this human HeLa cell-derived in vitro transcription system, we have found that high amounts of SRF inhibited, or 'squelched', transcription from this construct. Transcription from several other promoters activated by different gene-specific factors, including CREB and the acidic activator VP16, was also inhibited by high amounts of SRF. Basal transcription, from TATA-only promoters, however, was not inhibited. These results suggest that SRF binds to a common factor(s) (termed coactivator) required for activated transcription by a diverse group of transcriptional activators. Inhibition of transcription by SRF could be blocked by a double stranded oligonucleotide containing an SRF binding site. Mutations in SRF which abolished its DNA binding activity also reduced its ability to inhibit transcription. In addition, a C-terminal truncation of SRF which reduced its ability to activate transcription also reduced SRF's ability to inhibit transcription. These results suggest that activation and inhibition of transcription may be mediated by SRF binding to the same factor and that SRF can only bind to this factor when SRF is bound to plasmid DNA.
Lip Motion Automatic Detection (1997)

An algorithm for speaker&apos;s lip motion detection is presented, based on the processing of a colour video sequence of speaker&apos;s face under natural lighting conditions and without any particular make-up. It is intended for applications in speech recognition, videoconferencing or speaker&apos;s face synthesis and animation. The algorithm is based on a statistical approach using Markov Random Field (MRF) modelling, with a spatiotemporal neighbourhood of the pixels in the image sequence. Two kinds of observations are used : the temporal difference between successive images (motion information) and the purity of red hue in the current and past images (spatial information about lip location). The field of hidden labels, relevant for lip motion detection, is obtained by energy minimisation and proves to be robust to lighting conditions (shadows). This label field is used to extract qualitative information (mouth opening and closing) but also quantitative information by measuring some geomet...
New high voltage SOI device structure eliminating substrate bias effects (2002)

The breakdown voltage of a conventional SOI device is limited because it requires a thicker buried oxide as well as a thicker silicon layer. A new SOI device structure and its substrate are proposed to break through these constraints. The proposed new SOI is characterized by a SIPOS (Semi-Insulating POly-crystalline Silicon) layer inserted between the silicon layer and the buried oxide. Since the SIPOS layer effectively shields the influence of the substrate bias, 600 V breakdown voltage SOI diodes and lateral IGBTs were successfully realized using a 0.8 /spl mu/m SIPOS layer and 0.8 /spl mu/m buried oxide.
A low-power microprocessor for data-driven analysis of analytically-intractable physiological signals in advanced medical sensors (2013)

Data-driven methods based on machine learning enable powerful frameworks for analyzing complex physiological signals in medical-sensor applications; however, these methods are not well supported by traditional DSPs. A general-purpose microprocessor is presented in 130nm CMOS that integrates configurable accelerators, enabling low-energy hardware to support the broadest range of machine-learning frameworks reported to date. In addition to computational energy, memory limitations due to the high-order data-driven models are overcome by an embedded compression/decompression accelerator, which reduces the memory footprint by 4× with overhead <;8%. Using six medical applications with real clinical data, overall energy savings of 3.1-497× are demonstrated with the accelerator-based architecture.
Stress-induced changes in the functional electromyographic activity of the masticatory muscles (1997)

The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of a non-experimental emotional stress situation on the functional electromyographic (EMG) activity of the masticatory muscles. The material comprised 15 dental students without signs and symptoms of disorders from the temporomandibular system. The activity of the masseter and anterior temporalis muscles was recorded bilaterally by means of surface EMG. The subjective degree of helplessness of the subjects was assessed and related to the EMG activity response, to assess a possible interrelation. The EMG activity during the stress situation was significantly greater than for the non-stress situation. This shift in EMG activity was seen for all the muscles and all the functions analyzed. No significant gender differences were found. When the subjective degree of helplessness is taken into consideration, women showed significantly higher ratings than male subjects. The Helplessness Scale ratings correlated with the changes in EMG activity.
Jochum, K. P. S., W. B. Yeats: A Classified Bibliography of Criticism (1992)

Jochum, K. P. S., W. B. Yeats: A Classified Bibliography of Criticism Get access K. P. S. Jochum, W. B. Yeats: A Classified Bibliography of Criticism, 2nd edn, revised and enlarged Pp. xvi + 1176. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1990. £75.00. Dave Williams Dave Williams Cornell University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 39, Issue 1, March 1992, Pages 126–127, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/39.1.126 Published: 01 March 1992
Logo insertion in MPEG transcoder (2002)

Various studies show that a basic architecture of an MPEG-2 transcoder consists of a cascaded decoder/encoder. Such a transcoder re-uses the motion vectors and minimizes the changes of macroblock mode. One interesting feature that can be added on this type of transcoder is to insert a translucent logo into the transcoded bit-stream.
Three-amino acid Extension Loop Homeodomain Proteins Meis2 and TGIF Differentially Regulate Transcription (2000)

Three-amino acid extension loop (TALE) homeobox proteins are highly conserved transcription regulators. We report that two members of this family, Meis2 and TGIF, which frequently have overlapping consensus binding sites on complementary DNA strands in opposite orientations, can function competitively. For example, in the D(1A) gene, which encodes the predominant dopamine receptor in the striatum, Meis2 and TGIF bind to the activator sequence ACT (-1174 to -1154) and regulate transcription differentially in a cell type-specific manner. Among the five cloned splice variants of Meis2, isoforms Meis2a-d activate the D(1A) promoter in most cell types tested, whereas TGIF competes with Meis2 binding to DNA and represses Meis2-induced transcription activation. Consequently, Meis2 cannot activate the D(1A) promoter in a cell that has abundant TGIF expression. The Meis2 message is highly co-localized with the D(1A) message in adult striatal neurons, whereas TGIF is barely detectable in the adult brain. Our observations provide in vitro and in vivo evidence that Meis2 and TGIF differentially regulate their target genes. Thus, the delicate ratio between Meis2 and TGIF expression in a given cell type determines the cell-specific expression of the D(1A) gene. We also found that splice variant Meis2e, which has a truncated homeodomain, cannot bind to the D(1A) ACT sequence or activate transcription. However, Meis2e is an effective dominant negative regulator by blocking Meis2d-induced transcription activation. Thus, truncated homeoproteins with no DNA binding domains can have important regulatory functions.
A Proteomic Approach for the Identification of Vascular Markers of Liver Metastasis (2009)

Vascular proteins expressed at liver metastasis sites could serve as prognostic markers or as targets for pharmacodelivery applications. We employed a proteomic approach to define such proteins in three syngeneic mouse models of liver metastasis. Vascular structures were biotinylated in vivo by a terminal perfusion technique, followed by mass spectrometric analysis of accessible biotinylated proteins. In this manner, we identified 12 proteins for which expression was selectively associated with liver metastasis, confirming this association by tissue immunofluorescence or in vivo localization with radiolabeled antibodies. In summary, our findings identify vascular proteins that may have prognostic or drug-targeting use in addressing liver metastases, a common issue in many advanced cancers.
STUDIES ON A KIND OF NEGATIVE PHOTORESIST BASED ON PHOTOSENSITIVE POLYIMIDES (1999)

A kind of negative photoresist, composed of photosensitive polyimides and N methyl 2 pyrrolidone was formulated. The curing mechanism and the relationship of the properties and structure of PSPIs were studied. The results of TGA show that the PSPIs have excellent heat resistance. Based on our research, the pattern with line width as low as 2.5 μm was gained with the conventional UV photolithography under the optimum parameters.
Comparison of the amniotic fluid index with gray-scale and color Doppler ultrasound (2003)

Objectives: This study was undertaken to compare the amniotic fluid index (AFI) obtained with gray-scale ultrasound and color Doppler. Study design: We examined 77 patients ranging from 22 to 41 weeks' gestation with two of five sonographers obtaining two measures of the AFI utilizing gray-scale and color Doppler. Results: Of the measurements of AFI, 96% showed the gray scale measurement to be greater than the color measurement (p < 0.0001; mean 9.3 ± 3.3 cm vs. 8.5 ± 3.0 cm). At gray-scale AFI < 5 cm, color AFI was essentially the same, but at gray-scale AFI 5-10 cm, color AFI was < 5 cm, 15.2% and 7.8% of the time. At gray-scale AFI > 10 cm, no color AFI was < 5 cm. Individual (n = 5) interobserver reliability was r = 0.79 (p < 0.0001) and intraobserver reliability was r = 0.94 (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: AFI by color Doppler was always less than with gray scale. At an AFI of 5-10 cm, color demonstrated an AFI of < 5 cm in up to 16% of patients, and increased the diagnosis of oligohydramnios.
Single‐Walled Carbon‐Nanotube Dispersion with Electrostatically Tethered Nanoplatelets (2009)

A method for physically pulling nanotube bundles apart by utilizing electrostatically tethered nanoplatelets to gather and concentrate sonication energy at the surface of nanotube aggregates is developed (see image). The nanoplatelets can be separated from the nanotubes by tuning the ionic strength of the medium. This colloidal approach obviates the need to drastically modify nanotube surface chemistry to achieve full exfoliation. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Increased expression of CYP24A1 correlates with advanced stages of prostate cancer and can cause resistance to vitamin D <sub>3</sub> ‐based therapies (2013)

A major limitation of exogenous vitamin D3 administration for the treatment of prostate cancer is the marginal, if any, clinical efficacy. We dissected the basis for the resistance to the vitamin D3 antitumor properties and specifically examined the effect of its major catabolic enzyme, CYP24A1, in prostate cancer. Local CYP24A1 expression levels and the effect of selective modulation were analyzed using tissue microarrays from needle core biopsy specimens and xenograft-bearing mouse models. CYP24A1 mRNA was elevated in malignant human prostate tissues compared to benign lesions. High CYP24A1 protein levels were seen in poorly differentiated and highly advanced stages of prostate cancer and correlated with parallel increase in the tumor proliferation rate. The use of CYP24A1 RNAi enhanced the cytostatic effects of vitamin D3 in human prostate cancer cells. Remarkably, subcutaneous and orthotopic xenografts of prostate cancer cells harboring CYP24A1 shRNA resulted in a drastic reduction in tumor volume when mice were subjected to vitamin D3 supplementation. CYP24A1 may be a predictive marker of vitamin D3 clinical efficacy in patients with advanced prostate cancer. For those with up-regulated CYP24A1, combination therapy with RNAi targeting CYP24A1 could be considered to improve clinical responsiveness to vitamin D3.
Performance limits of switched-capacitor DC-DC converters (2002)

The theoretical performance limits of two-phase switched-capacitor (SC) DC-DC power converters are discussed in this paper. For a given number of capacitors k, the complete set of attainable DC conversion ratios is found. The maximum step-up or step-down ratio is given by the k/sup th/ Fibonacci number, while the bound on the number of switches required in any SC circuit is 3k-2. Practical implications, illustrated by several SC power converter examples, include savings in the number of components required for a given application, and the ability to construct SC power converters that can maintain the output voltage regulation and high conversion efficiency over a wide range of input voltage variations. Limits found for the output resistance and efficiency can be used for selection and comparison of SC power converters.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Enhancement of the catalytic efficiency and thermostability of <scp> <i>S</i> </scp> <i>tenotrophomonas</i> sp. keratinase <scp>KerSMD</scp> by domain exchange with <scp>KerSMF</scp> (2015)

In this study, we enhanced the catalytic efficiency and thermostability of keratinase KerSMD by replacing its N/C-terminal domains with those from a homologous protease, KerSMF, to degrade feather waste. Replacement of the N-terminal domain generated a mutant protein with more than twofold increased catalytic activity towards casein. Replacement of the C-terminal domain obviously improved keratinolytic activity and increased the k(cat)/K(m) value on a synthetic peptide, succinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-p-nitroanilide, by 54.5%. Replacement of both the N- and C-terminal domains generated a more stable mutant protein, with a Tm value of 64.60 ± 0.65°C and a half-life of 244.6 ± 2 min at 60°C, while deletion of the C-terminal domain from KerSMD or KerSMF resulted in mutant proteins exhibiting high activity under mesophilic conditions. These findings indicate that the pre-peptidase C-terminal domain and N-propeptide are not only important for substrate specificity, correct folding and thermostability but also support the ability of the enzyme to convert feather waste into feed additives.
Determination of the carbohydrate-binding properties of peanut agglutinin by ultraviolet difference spectroscopy. (1980)

The anti-T lectin from peanuts was purified on a new affinity matrix, and the number of carbohydrate binding sites was determined by equilibrium dialysis with [14C]lactose to be four per tetramer. Methyl-alpha- and methyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside and lactose were found to perturb the UV spectrum of the lectin in the aromatic region and their association constants were determined by UV difference spectroscopy to be 1.8, 1.0, and 1.3 X 10(3) M-1, respectively, at 25 degrees C. Thermodynamic parameters were also obtained for the two galactosides from measurements at several temperatures. For the alpha anomer, delta H degrees = -42 kJ mol-1 and delta S degrees = -78 J K-1 mol-1; for the beta anomer, delta H degrees = -43 kJ mol-1, and delta S degrees = -86 J K-1 mol-1. Analysis of the lectin for metal atoms disclosed 0.98 mol of Ca2+ and 0.78 mol of Mg2+ subunit, while manganese was present in trace amounts only. The results of the present study indicate that recent improvements in instrumentation should make UV difference spectroscopy more widely applicable to studies of protein-ligand interactions.
The Wide View (WV) Film for Enhancing the Field of View of LCDs (2005)

This paper reviews the technologies of the wide view (WV) film. The WV film is an optical compensation film, which remarkably enhances the field of view of twisted nematic (TN) thin-film transistor liquid crystal displays (TFT-LCDs). We have recently developed a new WV film for the OCB mode, which promises a fast optical response speed and wide viewing angle LCD-TV. The WV film is made of a hybrid alignment polymerized discotic material (PDM) layer coated on a (tri-acetyl cellulose (TAC) substrate. The PDM layer alignment technology and the TAC retardation control technology give us the flexibility to develop a compensation film for any LCD mode and allow a cost effective roll-to-roll polarizer lamination process.
ESPORTE E LITERATURA (2014)

Apreciar o intercambio conceitual entre esporte, especialmente o futebol, cultura e literatura e o principal objetivo desse artigo. Para tanto, e preciso entender a importância das praticas esportivas desde a antiguidade. Os jogos na Grecia e em Roma do periodo classico faziam parte da cultura desses povos a ponto de colaborar com a formacao de uma identidade comum que fortalecia os lacos de uniao nacional. Dai e possivel entender o pensamento agonistico nas relacoes sociais dessas sociedades arcaicas e a situacao problema do atleta vitorioso ao se tornar um heroi eternizado na memoria coletiva da ‘poliade’. Os jogos tambem eram muito importantes em Roma Imperial o que nos leva a pensar nas relacoes politico-sociais que existiam entre sociedade e imperador atraves dos espetaculos oficiais da Cidade de Roma, capital do Imperio. Alem disso, e necessario rememorar a historia do futebol mundial e a origem do mesmo no Brasil. Assim como, buscar algumas incidencias dessa tematica na literatura brasileira.