gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HyPaFilter+: Enhanced Hybrid Packet Filtering Using Hardware Assisted Classification and Header Space Analysis (2017)

Firewalls, key components for secured network infrastructures, are faced with two different kinds of challenges: first, they must be fast enough to classify network packets at line speed, and second, their packet processing capabilities should be versatile in order to support complex filtering policies. Unfortunately, most existing classification systems do not qualify equally well for both requirements: systems built on special-purpose hardware are fast, but limited in their filtering functionality. In contrast, software filters provide powerful matching semantics, but struggle to meet line speed. This motivates the combination of parallel, yet complexity-limited specialized circuitry with a slower, but versatile software firewall. The key challenge in such a design arises from the dependencies between classification rules due to their relative priorities within the rule set: complex rules requiring software-based processing may be interleaved at arbitrary positions between those where hardware processing is feasible. Therefore, we discuss approaches for partitioning and transforming rule sets for hybrid packet processing. As a result, we propose HyPaFilter+, a hybrid classification system consisting of an FPGA-based hardware matcher and a Linux netfilter firewall, which provides a simple, yet effective hardware/software packet shunting algorithm. Our evaluation shows up to 30-fold throughput gains over software packet processing.
Instantaneous Sequence-Components Resolution of 3-Phase Variables and Its Application to Dynamic Voltage Restoration (2007)

A technique for decomposing instantaneous 3-phase voltages and currents into sequence components has been described. The technique is based on a recursive, weighted, least-squares procedure. The main advantage of the proposed technique is the use of the same covariance and gain matrices for resolving any number of 3-phase variables into their respective sequence components. The proposed technique also estimates the dc-offset in the sensed variable and these are eliminated during the processing. Finally, the proposed technique has been implemented in a DSP and has been applied to the open-loop control of a laboratory-scale dynamic voltage restorer.
Effect of Oxygen Vacancy on Electrical Property of Acceptor Doped BaTiO <sub>3</sub> –Na <sub>0.5</sub> Bi <sub>0.5</sub> TiO <sub>3</sub> –Nb <sub>2</sub> O <sub>5</sub> X8R Systems (2016)

In this study, we reported a new BaTiO 3 –Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 –Nb 2 O 5 –Mn 2 O 3 /Fe 2 O 3 /Co 3 O 4 /In 2 O 3 X8R system with high dielectric constant (>2100) at room temperature. The impacts of oxygen vacancy ( ) on dielectric, electrical conductivity, and ferroelectric properties were systematically studied. The Curie point is largely depended on the concentration, which can be confirmed by the dielectric behavior and A 1g octahedral breathing modes in Raman spectrum. In addition, the activation energy of diffusion is greatly reduced with the increase in concentration. It was found that the remnant polarization and coercive field were both decreased with increasing concentration, due to the facilitated defect dipoles reorientation and domain switching.
Efficient AI System Design With Cross-Layer Approximate Computing (2020)

Advances in deep neural networks (DNNs) and the availability of massive real-world data have enabled superhuman levels of accuracy on many AI tasks and ushered the explosive growth of AI workloads across the spectrum of computing devices. However, their superior accuracy comes at a high computational cost, which necessitates approaches beyond traditional computing paradigms to improve their operational efficiency. Leveraging the application-level insight of error resilience, we demonstrate how approximate computing (AxC) can significantly boost the efficiency of AI platforms and play a pivotal role in the broader adoption of AI-based applications and services. To this end, we present RaPiD, a multi-tera operations per second (TOPS) AI hardware accelerator core (fabricated at 14-nm technology) that we built from the ground-up using AxC techniques across the stack including algorithms, architecture, programmability, and hardware. We highlight the workload-guided systematic explorations of AxC techniques for AI, including custom number representations, quantization/pruning methodologies, mixed-precision architecture design, instruction sets, and compiler technologies with quality programmability, employed in the RaPiD accelerator.
Virion-associated phosphatidylethanolamine promotes TIM1-mediated infection by Ebola, dengue, and West Nile viruses (2015)

Phosphatidylserine (PS) receptors contribute to two crucial biological processes: apoptotic clearance and entry of many enveloped viruses. In both cases, they recognize PS exposed on the plasma membrane. Here we demonstrate that phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) is also a ligand for PS receptors and that this phospholipid mediates phagocytosis and viral entry. We show that a subset of PS receptors, including T-cell immunoglobulin (Ig) mucin domain protein 1 (TIM1), efficiently bind PE. We further show that PE is present in the virions of flaviviruses and filoviruses, and that the PE-specific cyclic peptide lantibiotic agent Duramycin efficiently inhibits the entry of West Nile, dengue, and Ebola viruses. The inhibitory effect of Duramycin is specific: it inhibits TIM1-mediated, but not L-SIGN-mediated, virus infection, and it does so by blocking virus attachment to TIM1. We further demonstrate that PE is exposed on the surface of apoptotic cells, and promotes their phagocytic uptake by TIM1-expressing cells. Together, our data show that PE plays a key role in TIM1-mediated virus entry, suggest that disrupting PE association with PS receptors is a promising broad-spectrum antiviral strategy, and deepen our understanding of the process by which apoptotic cells are cleared.
Effects of Nitric Oxide Donors and Nitric Oxide Synthase Substrates on Ciliary Muscle Contracted by Carbachol and Endothelin for Possible Use in Myopia Prevention (2001)

Research has suggested that the development of myopia may possibly be prevented by the use of drugs which facilitate relaxation of the intraocular ciliary muscle. We examined the effects of five nitric oxide-producing agents – two nitric oxide donors, hydralazine and sodium nitrite, and three nitric oxide synthase substrates, L-arginine, L-canavanine, and N-benzoyl-L-arginine ethyl ester – on isolated bovine ciliary muscle maximally contracted with either carbachol or endothelin-1. Of these agents, hydralazine and L-canavanine produced a relaxing effect on endothelin-1-contracted muscle that was significantly greater than relaxing effect on carbachol-contracted muscle. These results indicate that hydralazine and L-canavanine could possibly be used for the prevention of myopia by relaxing the ciliary muscle with few anticholinergic and cycloplegic side effects.
Brainprints: Computer-Generated Two-Dimensional Maps of the Human Cerebral Cortex <i>in vivo</i> (1989)

We describe an in vivo method for the quantitative analysis of human necrotical anatomy. The technique allows unfolded regions of functional and morphological interest to be measured planimetrically. Two-dimensional cortical maps and surface area determinations derived from magnetic resonance images of monozygotic twins are presented. In addition, reconstructions and measurements of published post-mortem human and rhesus monkey hemispheres are reported. Potential applications for the study of brain organization in relation to cognitive, motor, and perceptual performance in normal and neurological populations are considered.
The regulatory role of aberrant Phosphatase and Tensin Homologue and Liver Kinase B1 on AKT/mTOR/c-Myc axis in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (2017)

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNET) is an uncommon type of pancreatic neoplasm. Low Phosphatase and Tensin Homologue (PTEN) expression and activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway have been noted in pNETs, and the former is associated with poor survival in pNET patients. Based on the results of the RADIANT-3 study, everolimus, an oral mTOR inhibitor, has been approved to treat advanced pNETs. However, the exact regulatory mechanism for the mTOR pathway in pNETs remains largely unknown. PTEN and liver kinase B1 (LKB1) are well-known for their regulatory role in the mTOR pathway. We evaluated the expression of PTEN and LKB1 in 21 pNET patients, and low PTEN and LKB1 expression levels were noted in 48% and 24% of the patients, respectively. Loss of PTEN and LKB1 synergistically promoted cell proliferation of pNET, attenuated the sensitivity of cells to mTOR inhibitors and enhanced c-Myc expression, which back-regulated PTEN, AKT, mTOR and its downstream effectors. For pNET cells with low expression levels of PTEN and LKB1, silencing the expression of c-Myc by shRNA reduced their proliferative rate, while adding either c-Myc inhibitor or AMP-activated protein kinase activator reversed their resistance to mTOR inhibitors <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. Furthermore, high c-Myc expression was subsequently identified in 81% of pNETs, suggesting that up-regulation of c-Myc expression in pNETs may occur through PTEN/LKB1-dependent and PTEN/LKB1-independent regulation. The results delineated the regulation of PTEN and LKB1 on the AKT/mTOR/c-Myc axis and suggested that both c-Myc and mTOR are potential therapeutic targets for pNET.
Vision and Aging (2016)

Research on aging and vision has increased dramatically over the past few decades. Changes in our visual capacities in later adulthood have the potential to impact our ability to perform common everyday visual tasks such as recognizing objects, reading, engaging in mobility activities, and driving, thus influencing the quality of our life and well-being. Here, we discuss several common visual problems in older adults that cause performance problems in the visual tasks of everyday living and when exacerbated are related to the development of common eye conditions and diseases of aging.
A Relevance-Based Learning Model of Fuzzy Similarity Measures (2011)

Matching pairs of objects is a fundamental operation in data analysis. However, it requires the definition of a similarity measure between objects that are to be matched. The similarity measure may not be adapted to the various properties of each object. Consequently, designing a method to learn a measure of similarity between pairs of objects is an important generic problem in machine learning. In this paper, a general framework of fuzzy logical-based similarity measures based on <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\top$</tex></formula> -equalities that are derived from residual implication functions is proposed. Then, a model that allows us to learn the parametric similarity measures is introduced. This is achieved by an online learning algorithm with an efficient implication-based loss function. Experiments on real datasets show that the learned measures are efficient at a wide range of scales and achieve better results than existing fuzzy similarity measures. Moreover, the learning algorithm is fast so that it can be used in real-world applications, where computation times are a key feature when one chooses an inference system.
Autism spectrum disorders (2012)

This chapter describes the syndromes of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Many elderly persons exhibit MCI, characterized by memory complaints and mild abnormalities of performance on formal tests, associated with intact general cognition and preserved activities of daily living. The clinical manifestations of AD arise from abnormalities involving brain regions and neural circuits composed of populations of neurons that are essential for memory, learning, and cognitive performance. Early information about the involvement of neurotransmitter-specific circuits damaged by the disease led to the design of early therapies for AD. The genetics of AD are complex, often influencing phenotype in an age-dependent manner. Late onset cases of AD without clear familial association reflect the influences of a variety of risk factors. The chapter emphasizes the need for safe and effective mechanism-based therapies for AD. New treatments will probably require combinatorial approaches.
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in pain management (1997)

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is an analgesic technique used in clinics worldwide. However, its potential value for pain control in labour is often overlooked. The purpose of this study was to evaluate patients' views after experience with TENS in labour. A questionnaire (12 multiple choice questions) was distributed to 17896 parturients in the UK who had used TENS to manage labour pain. The questionnaire was completed and returned by post within the 2 weeks following delivery by 10 077 women. The survey was analysed using descriptive statistics and It was found that 71% of the 10 077 respondents reported ‘excellent’ or ‘good’ relief of labour pain by TENS and 91% would use TENS again in the future. However, 86% of parturients who completed the questionnaire reported receiving additional analgesics during labour and it is therefore impossible to determine whether analgesic effects were directly due to TENS alone. Of the 14% of respondents who completed labour without additional analgesia 1187 (83%) reported ‘excellent’ or ‘good‘ pain relief. Although one must be cautious in the interpretation of the results of a postal survey, the favourable reports of satisfaction while using TENS supports a possible role for TENS as an adjuvant in the management of labour pain.
Dillwynia glaucula (Fabaceae: Mirbelieae), a new species from the Southern Tablelands, New South Wales (1998)

Jobson, Peter C.1, 2 and Weston, Peter H.1 (1National Herbarium of New South Wales, Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia, 2Dept. of Environmental Sciences, University of Technology, Sydney, Gore Hill, NSW 2065, Australia) 1998. Dillwynia glaucula (Fabaceae: Mirbelieae), a new species from the Southern Tablelands, New South Wales. Telopea 8(1): 1–5. Dillwynia glaucula Jobson & P.H. Weston, a new species from the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales is described and its affinity with Dillwynia sericea is discussed, along with its ecology, distribution and conservation status.
A Performance Study of VM Live Migration over the WAN (2015)

Virtualization is the key technology that has provided the Cloud computing platforms a new way for small and large enterprises to host their applications by renting the available resources. Live VM migration allows a Virtual Machine to be transferred form one host to another while the Virtual Machine is active and running. The main challenge in Live migration over WAN is maintaining the network connectivity during and after the migration. We have carried out live VM migration over the WAN migrating different sizes of VM memory states and presented our solutions based on Open vSwitch/VXLAN and Cisco GRE approaches. VXLAN provides the mobility support needed to maintain the network connectivity between the client and the Virtual machine. We have setup an experimental testbed to calculate the concerned performance metrics and analyzed the performance of live migration in VXLAN and GRE network. Our experimental results present that the network connectivity was maintained throughout the migration process with negligible signaling overhead and minimal downtime. The downtime variation experience with change in the applied network delay was relatively higher when compared to variation experienced when migrating different VM memory states. The total migration time experienced showed a strong relationship with size of the migrating VM memory state.
Controlled/“Living” Radical Polymerization of MMA Catalyzed by Cobaltocene (2003)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTControlled/"Living" Radical Polymerization of MMA Catalyzed by CobaltoceneBaiquan Wang, Yan Zhuang, Xiongxiong Luo, Shansheng Xu, and Xiuzhong ZhouView Author Information The State Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials for Adsorption and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China Cite this: Macromolecules 2003, 36, 26, 9684–9686Publication Date (Web):December 3, 2003Publication History Received9 September 2003Revised14 November 2003Published online3 December 2003Published inissue 1 December 2003https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma035334yhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma035334yrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2003 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views811Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Catalysts,Hydrocarbons,Polymerization,Sandwich compounds Get e-Alerts
<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>— Not a Good Bug after All (2001)

Worldwide, gastric cancer is the second most frequent cancer and the second leading cause of death from cancer. Since the discovery of Helicobacter pylori in 1982 by Marshall and Warren, an association between the bacterium and gastric cancer has been suspected. Ten years ago, several case–control studies based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) of stored serum found an association between H. pylori and cancer, but as defined by an odds ratio it was somewhat weak. These initial reports could attribute only 60 percent of cases of gastric cancer to H. pylori infection.1 Although the World Health Organization and the International . . .
Expression and Purification of Clostridium botulinum Type B Light Chain (2005)

A full-length synthetic gene encoding the light chain of botulinum neurotoxin serotype B, approximately 50kDa (BoNT/B LC), has been cloned into a bacterial expression vector pET24a+. BoNT/B LC was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21.DE3.pLysS and isolated from the soluble fraction. The resultant protein was purified to homogeneity by cation chromatography and was determined to be >98% pure as assessed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel stained with SilverXpress and analyzed by densitometry. Mass spectroscopic analysis indicated the protein to be 50.8kDa, which equaled the theoretically expected mass. N-terminal sequencing of the purified protein showed the sequence corresponded to the known reported sequence. The recombinant BoNT/B light chain was found to be highly stable, catalytically active, and has been used to prepare antisera that neutralizes against BoNT/B challenge. Characterization of the protein including pH, temperature, and the stability of the protein in the presence or absence of zinc is described within. The influence of pH differences, buffer, and added zinc on secondary and tertiary structure of BoNT/B light chain was analyzed by circular dichroism and tryptophan fluorescence measurements. Optimal conditions for obtaining maximum metalloprotease activity and stabilizing the protein for long term storage were determined. We further analyzed the thermal denaturation of BoNT/B LC as a function of temperature to probe the pH and added zinc effects on light chain stability. The synthetic BoNT/B LC has been found to be highly active on its substrate (vesicle associated membrane protein-2) and, therefore, can serve as a useful reagent for BoNT/B research.
Successful Immune Tolerance Treatment with Monoclonal or Recombinant Factor VIII Concentrates in High Responding Inhibitor Patients (1999)

Very high purity factor VIII (FVIII) concentrates (plasma-derived or produced by recombinant-DNA technology) were used to achieve immune tolerance in five patients with high-responding inhibitors to FVIII. The mean time required for inhibitor disappearance was 5 months. Four out of five patients showed normalisation of the half-life of infused FVIII after 8-18 months of treatment with 100 IU FVIII/kg body weight administered once daily. Highly purified FVIII products thus appear to be suitable for achieving immune tolerance without negative effects on endogenous von Willebrand factor levels and activity.
Development of a New Circulatory Assist Method with the Combined Effects of Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping and Counter Pulsation First Report (1989)

Current circulatory assist methods, such as intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP), are not always adequate to save acute circulatory failure patients. Therefore, a stronger, percutaneously accessible method is required. We found that the combination of IABP and CP generated a profound circulatory assist effect, and we have consequently developed a new assist system in this study. A sac type blood pump with a volume of 20 ml and a single port without a valve, was developed for CP. In the mock circulatory test, a 20 ml stroke volume was obtained using a cannula with a 5 mm diameter under the following driving conditions: air pressure = 200/-100 mmHg; S/D = 50%; pulse rate = 100 bpm. In vivo experiments were performed using four mongrel dogs with body weights of 12-20 kg. A cannula for CP was inserted via the brachial artery or subclavian artery into the aortic root. The pump flow (PF), coronary artery flow (CF), renal arterial flow (RF), and aortic pressure (AP) were measured, and the combined effects of IABP and CP were compared with their individual effects. In the most effective case, a marked increase in diastolic AP (60%), cardiac output (40%), and CF (100%) was obtained by the combination of IABP and CP, which produced a remarkable effect compared with the single use of IABP and CP. There was no negative effect on RF by this assist method. As this new circulatory support system has many circulatory assist effects, and is percutaneously accessible, it will be available for clinical use.