gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Light-Regulated and Organ-Specific Expression of Types 1, 2, and 3 Light-Harvesting Complex b mRNAs in Ginkgo biloba (1995)

In a prior study (E. Chinn and J. Silverthorne [1993] Plant Physiol 103: 727-732) we showed that the gymnosperm Ginkgo biloba was completely dependent on light for chlorophyll synthesis and chloroplast development and that expression of light-harvesting complex b (Lhcb) mRNAs was substantially increased by light. However, dark-grown seedlings that were transferred to constant white light took significantly longer than angiosperm seedlings to initiate a program of photomorphogenesis and the stems failed to green completely. We have prepared type-specific probes for mRNAs encoding major polypeptides of light-harvesting complex II (Lhcb1, Lhcb2, and Lhcb3) and have used these to analyze the expression of individual Lhcb mRNAs during greening. All three sequences accumulated in the top portions of dark-grown seedlings transferred to light, but, as was seen previously for total Lhcb mRNAs, there was a transient, reproducible decline in the levels of all three mRNAs after 4 d in the light. This transient decrease in Lhcb mRNA levels was not paralleled by a decrease in Chl accumulation. By contrast, there were significantly lower levels of all three Lhcb mRNAs in the lower portions of greening dark-grown stems as well as lower Chl levels. We conclude that although the tops of the plants have the capacity to etiolate and green, Gingko seedling stems continue a program of development into woody tissue in darkness that precludes greening when the seedlings are transferred to the light.
A Novel Depletion-Mode a-IGZO TFT Shift Register With a Node-Shared Structure (2012)

We proposed and fabricated a new depletion-mode amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide thin-film-transistor (TFT) shift register with a node-shared structure. The proposed shift register requires 14 TFTs, 3 clock lines, and 3 power source lines for two output pulses, whereas the previous shift registers consisted of more than 22 TFTs, 4 clock lines, and 6 power source lines. The experimental results showed that the proposed shift register successfully generated two output pulses at one stage without any distortion. The circuit area of the proposed shift register is reduced by about 30%, as compared with that of the previous one.
Airborne SAR Motion Compensation and Imaging Based on GPU Architecture (2013)

A novel and effective parallel airborne SAR imaging method based on GPU architecture is illustrated in this paper. First, characteristic of airborne motion is presented and SAR imaging algorithm is briefly discussed. Second, motion estimation method and robust autofocus algorithm based on GPU are proposed and validated with real data. Third, some final results of SAR imaging are presented and a total time consumption table is listed. The high quality and real-time property of SAR image demonstrate the validation of SAR processing.
A Practical Approach for Assisted History Matching Using Grid Coarsening and Streamline-Based Inversion: Experiences in a Giant Carbonate Reservoir (2011)

Abstract Flow simulation of multimillion grid cell models with hundreds of wells and decades long production history can be extremely time-consuming. This often limits the applicability of assisted history matching techniques. A pragmatic solution to this problem is grid coarsening which is now embedded in many commercial reservoir simulators. Instead of up-scaling geological models in external packages, grid cells are automatically amalgamated within the simulator while preserving flux distribution and reducing the total number of active cells. The resulting speedup can be significant, often only at small loss of accuracy. Both characteristics are essential elements of any inversion technique in a multimillion grid cell environment. For water-flood history matching, we have utilized a commercial finite-volume simulator and the streamline-based generalized travel time inversion whereby water-cut behavior is matched by adjusting inter-well permeabilities. To apply the assisted history matching technique on high resolution models, a flux reconstruction method is devised which makes full use of the benefits of automatic grid coarsening. It approximates fluxes in the original geological grid by recalculating transmissibility at the fine scale and redistributing coarse scale fluxes accordingly. The inversion is thus conducted on the fine scale grid, while the forward simulation model uses the coarse grid. While solving for an inexpensive coarse model, the calibration takes into account fine grid resolution. Upscaling is not required and the degree of coarsening can be adjusted during the matching process. The proposed method was successfully tested on a supergiant carbonate oilfield with about hundred wells and large-scale water injection. The history match improved dramatically at relatively low numerical cost, which also allowed for investigating multiple sensitivities. The results were verified against non-coarsened model. The significant increase in efficiency makes this a potential method of choice for cases, where previously assisted history matching techniques could not be deployed due to excessive run times.
Application of Convolutional Neural Network to Predict Airfoil Lift Coefficient (2018)

The adaptability of the convolutional neural network (CNN) technique for aerodynamic meta-modeling tasks is probed in this work. The primary objective is to develop suitable CNN architecture for variable flow conditions and object geometry, in addition to identifying a sufficient data preparation process. Multiple CNN structures were trained to learn the lift coefficients of the airfoils with a variety of shapes in multiple flow Mach numbers, Reynolds numbers, and diverse angles of attack. This is conducted to illustrate the concept of the technique. A multi-layered perceptron (MLP) is also used for the training sets. The MLP results are compared with that of the CNN results. The newly proposed meta-modeling concept has been found to be comparable with the MLP in learning capability; and more importantly, our CNN model exhibits a competitive prediction accuracy with minimal constraints in a geometric representation.
“No Maths, No Physics (So I Spray My Bars with Lyrics)”: Rap/Music Therapy with Young Men at a Young Offender Institution (2014)

This paper describes work undertaken at a young offender institution, focusing on the therapeutic use of improvised or ‘freestyle’ and original rap. In particular it uses material and analysis pertaining to two individuals who formed part of a slow open group for outpatients detained in the main prison. A background to the work sets the scene. Next the author details the role of this specific form of therapy within the institution addressing the aims of the work and the background of the clients. The main body of the paper examines the nature of this work from a psychodynamic perspective, incorporating concepts of Klein, Winnicott, Holmes and Bowlby. This relates to the setting, client group and the use of rap as a therapeutic intervention, with focus on original rap lyric-writing and the stylistic and cultural connotations of the genre. Original lyrics and therapeutic techniques specific to clients are drawn upon and discussed.
IV-VI mid-infrared VECSEL on Si-substrate (2012)

Optically pumped VECSEL (vertical external cavity surface emitting lasers) based on IV-VI semiconductors grown on Si cover the entire wavelength range between 3.0 and 10 μm. Thanks to their simple structure and large wavelength coverage they are an interesting alternative laser technology to access the mid-infrared wavelength region. The active layers consist either of homogeneous "bulk" layers, double heterostructures or quantum well structures of the PbSe, PbTe or PbS material system. Maximum operation temperatures of 325 K are achieved with output powers above 200 mW<sub>p</sub>. Further, continuously tunable VECSEL are presented, emitting between 3.2 and 5.4 μm. The single emission mode is continuously tunable over 50-100 nm around the center wavelength, yielding an output power > 10 mW<sub>p</sub>. The axial symmetric emission beam has a half divergence angle of < 3.3°.
Intent Inference and Strategic Path Prediction (2005)

In today’s air traffic management system, the intent of an aircraft is revealed in its flight plan and a pilot’s adherence to published navigation routes. In a future Free Flight environment, aircraft may be allowed to fly any route they choose. Intent will likely be broadcast in the form of Trajectory Change Points (TCPs), for instance, up to four TCPs in an Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast (ADS-B) message. However, if TCPs do not accurately represent intent, do not exist or do not get received, then a nearby aircraft or ground monitoring system has a need to infer the pilot’s intent. In this paper, a method of inferring intent is investigated which is based on artificial intelligence models and a process for best fitting an intent model to observed aircraft motion. Horizontal, vertical, and speed dimensions are first investigated independently, and then combined, including sequences of actions, to fully explain the 3-dimensional guidance and navigation plan of an aircraft. Finally, the inferred intent is used as a basis to predict a path from the current location of the aircraft into the future.
Cuticular Phenolics and Scald Development in `Delicious' Apples (2000)

Influences of fruit maturity, AVG and ethephon preharvest treatments, and storage conditions on cuticular phenolic concentration, α-farnesene accumulation and oxidation, and scald development of `Delicious' apples [ Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf.] were studied. Advanced maturity and ethephon treatment increased free phenolics in fruit cuticle at harvest, while AVG treatment caused a reduction. Free cuticular phenolics increased during early storage in ethephon-treated and nontreated fruit but not in AVG-treated apples. Advanced maturity and ethephon did not alter α-farnesene accumulation overall, but reduced conjugated triene (CT281) formation and scald development. When stored in a low-ethylene room (<1 μL·L -1 ), AVG-treated fruit accumulated very low levels of α-farnesene and CT281 and did not develop scald after 6 months at 0 °C. When stored in a commercial room (ambient ethylene >5 μL·L -1 ), the AVG-treated and control fruit accumulated similar amounts of α-farnesene and CT281 and developed similar percentages of scald. In general, free phenolic concentrations in fruit cuticle were negatively correlated with CT281 formation and scald development of apples. Chemical names used: aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG); 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon).
Identification of proteins at the binding site for protein S1 in 70 S ribosomes and 30 S subunits by cross-linking with 2-iminothiolane. (1981)

Escherichia coli 30 S ribosomal subunits and 70 S ribosomes were treated with 2-iminothiolane and oxidized to promote the formation of intermolecular disulfide bonds between neighboring proteins. After alkylation of the unreacted sulfhydryl groups, the mixture of ribosomal proteins was extracted with acetic acid and analyzed by 2-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using nonequilibrium pH gradient gel electrophoresis in the first dimension and a sodium dodecyl sulfate gel in the second. The analysis revealed only 3 protein dimers that contained ribosomal protein S1. The identification of the protein partner of protein S1 in each dimer was accomplished by radioiodination of the proteins extracted from the gel, 2-dimensional polyacrylamide/urea gel electrophoresis, and radioautography. The results indicate that proteins S2, S10, and S18 are cross-linked to protein S1. No other cross-links involving S1 were detected.
Space and Planetary Imaging using JPEG2000 (2007)

The raising demand for Digital content Rights Management (DRM), protection and security, enabling effective on-line access, exchange and trading of all types of digital media items (ranging from a simple text file to a large space or planetary image) and, at the same time, supporting global interoperability of customer devices and traded items, can only be met by a good mix of open architectures and proprietary technologies. In this paper, we present a novel integrated architecture that supports the secure handling of large remote sensing ISO JPEG2000 coded images, obtained from satellite. This effort is within the scope of further developments and new extensions for this standard, namely:- Trans-coding of proprietary digital image formats used in satellite imagery, to the new JPEG2000 format;- Inexpensive network clusters for parallel computing to improve the algorithmic process of coding very large digital images obtained from satellites.- Coding of multi-component and multi-spectral images as well as volumetric images (JP3D);- Exploration of interactive on-line image satellite catalogues (JPIP);- Secure transmission, and protection of the image content based in OpenSDRM (JPSEC). 1.
Investigation of Effective Groove Types for a Film Riding Seal (2016)

Over the past two decades, significant efforts have been made to introduce film riding sealing technology on large industrial or aerospace gas turbines. The main challenge comes from the high surface speeds and high temperatures, which lead to large thermal distortions. One approach to tackle the effect of thermally induced distortion is to design a seal to operate at a large film to limit the viscous heat generation. To design a seal pad that maximizes force at relatively high film heights, it is important to select the seal groove type that looks the most promising to deliver this characteristic. Several groove types have been assessed as part of this study. The most promising groove type is the Rayleigh step, which gives the strongest level of combined hydrostatic and hydrodynamic load support while also being easier to tessellate on individual seal segments. The results generated using a uniform grid Reynolds equation method show reasonable agreement with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations. This provides confidence in the validity of the method, approach, and results.
A Novel Technique to Model the Variation of the Intrinsic Parameters of an Automatic Zoom Camera using Adaptive Delaunay Meshes Over Moving Least-Squares Surfaces (2007)

The accuracy of computer vision systems is highly dependent on the correct estimates of the camera intrinsic parameters. This accuracy is important in numerous applications like telepresence and robot navigation. In this work, a novel technique is proposed to model the variation of the camera's intrinsic parameters as a function of the focus and the zoom. The proposed method computes the complete surfaces of the intrinsic parameters from a predefined number of focus/zoom measurements using a moving least-squares (MLS) regression technique. Then, it approximates the generated MLS surfaces by employing adaptive Delaunay meshes. Compared to a previous technique using bivariate polynomial functions, the new method results in a 94% enhancement of the mean estimation error. In addition, the new method leads to the same accuracy of the results as compared to a previous version of the MLS technique while requiring a less amount of computations.
Nasal Immunization Induces<i>Haemophilus influenzae–</i>specific Th1 and Th2 Responses with Mucosal IgA and Systemic IgG Antibodies for Protective Immunity (1999)

To determine the efficacy of a mucosal vaccine against nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), mice were immunized nasally, orally, intratracheally, or intraperitoneally with NTHi antigen together with cholera toxin. Antigen-specific IgA antibody titers in nasal washes and the numbers of antigen-specific IgA-producing cells in nasal passages showed the greatest increases in mice immunized nasally. Cytokine analysis showed that interferon-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-10 were induced by nasal immunization, suggesting that Th2- and Th1-type cells were generated. Furthermore, bacterial clearance of a homologous strain of NTHi from the nasal tract was significantly enhanced in the nasal immunization group. These findings suggest that nasal immunization is an effective vaccination regimen for the induction of antigen-specific mucosal immune responses, which reduce the colonization of NTHi in the nasal tract.
Effort-limited fair (ELF) scheduling for wireless networks (2002)

While packet scheduling for wired links is a maturing area, scheduling of wireless links is less mature. A fundamental difference between wired and wireless links is that wireless media can exhibit substantial rates of link errors, resulting in significant and unpredictable loss of link capacity. This capacity loss results in a special challenge for wireless schedulers. For example, a weighted fair queue (WFQ) scheduler assumes an error free link and specifies how flows should share the link capacity. However, this specification is not sufficient to determine the correct outcome when link capacity is sharply reduced, because flows that have been allocated the same weights may differ greatly in their ability to tolerate throughput loss. In this paper, we first describe the wireless scheduling challenge in terms of an effort-outcome disconnection. Next we propose a novel notion of fairness for wireless links, effort-limited fairness (ELF), which extends WFQ via dynamic weight adjustments. ELF guarantees that all flows experiencing an error rate below a per flow threshold receive their expected service, defined as a specified rate for reserved flows or a specified share of best-effort capacity for best effort flows. After motivating and defining ELF, we present a practical approximation algorithm, which we evaluate through both trace-driven simulation and measurement of a prototype wireless radio network based on the WaveLAN physical layer.
Oligodeoxynucleotides inhibit Toll‐like receptor 3 mediated cytotoxicity and CXCL8 release in keratinocytes (2011)

Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) is an important sensor of viral infections and injury of self in keratinocytes. In this study, we stimulated primary keratinocytes with the TLR3-ligand polyI:C. This induced a toxic effect shown by up-regulation of the alarmin high-mobility group protein B1 and reduced responses in a MTT-assay. PolyI:C was a potent inducer of proinflammatory cytokines, and both these responses and the cytotoxic effects were found to be TLR3 dependent, as demonstrated by the use of siRNA for TLR3. Interestingly, co-stimulation with oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) inhibited all polyI:C induced effects. This inhibition was found to be mediated by the competition of endocytic uptake of polyI:C and ODNs. We have found polyI:C induced cytotoxicity and proinflammatory responses to be dependent of TLR3 and that this may be inhibited by ODNs. With these findings, we see a promising potential for ODNs in inhibiting TLR3-induced responses in inflammatory skin disorders.
STUDI FISIKOKIMIA BETASIANIN DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DARI UMBI BIT MERAH (Beta vulgaris L.) (2020)

Umbi bit merah (Beta vulgaris L.) mengandung senyawa betasianin 5-O-beta-glikosida yang memiliki banyak manfaat salah satunya sebagai antioksidan. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan uji antioksidan dari umbi bit merah (Beta vulgaris L.) diekstraksi dengan metode Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE) menggunakan pelarut air dan dikeringkan dengan metode freeze drying selama 48 jam. Pengujian betasianin dilakukan dengan kromatografi lapis tipis dimana diperoleh nilai Rf = 0,7166 dan panjang gelombang 535 nm yang dianalisis dengan metode spektofotometri UV-Vis. Spektrum FT-IR menunjukan bahwa isolat mengandung gugus-gugus fungsi yang identik dengan betasianin standar (Sigms Alderich). Betasianin diperoleh dalam ekstrak umbi bit merah dengan kadar sebesar 98,6474 %. Umbi bit merah stabil pada suhu 40 °C dan pada pH 5. Uji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylylhydrazyl) dengan panjang gelombang 515,50 nm. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan adanya aktivitas antioksidan dari umbi bit merah (Beta vulgaris L.) dengan nilai IC50 21,8878 µg/mL dibandingkan dengan nilai IC50 vitamin C 7,1099 µg/mL. dapat disimpulkan bahwa umbi bit merah memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang sangat kuat (antioksidan tinggi <50 µg/mL).
Reference Man and Woman More Fully Characterized (1990)

Total body neutron activation analysis, prompt-gamma neutron activation analysis, and whole body counting have been used to determine the elemental composition of the human body. The total body elements measured were potassium, nitrogen, calcium, sodium, chlorine, and phosphorus. Total body water was also determined by the dilution principle using tritiated water. Observations were made in an adult US population that totaled 1374 and ranged in age from 20 to 90 yr. The dataset for the white population consisted of 175 males and 1134 females observations; for the black population, it consisted of 30 male and 35 female observations. The variation in the elemental composition of both males and females in any 5-yr age group was large and ranged up to 20% (SD). Age-, race-, sex-, and size-specific differences were evident. When equations were developed that predicted the elemental composition of the adult on the basis of age, weight, and height, the variation in the age groups was reduced approximately in half. Age-specific mean values for the 20- to 29-yr-old white population were also compared with values for the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP)-23 Reference Man. The“average” young adult male was larger than Reference Man; the in vivo data also indicated a larger skeletal mass, more lean tissues and body water, but lower body sodium. When in vivo prediction equations were used to adjust for size differences, good agreement was found between the expected values and those for Reference Man. The ICRP-23 does not contain elemental data for Reference Woman; therefore, the in vivo data in the present study provide the first estimates of body composition for Reference Woman.
Pomalidomide: a novel drug to treat relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (2013)

Multiple myeloma remains an incurable disease despite the introduction of the immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) thalidomide and lenalidomide and the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib that have improved the outcome of patients with both newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory disease. However, patients who relapse after treatment with these agents or are refractory to them represent an unmet need and highlight the necessity for the development of novel anti-myeloma agents. Pomalidomide is an IMiD, structurally related to thalidomide, with enhanced antiangiogenic, antineoplastic, and anti-inflammatory properties and exhibiting potent anti-myeloma activity in vitro and in vivo. Pomalidomide has shown remarkable activity in patients who were refractory to both bortezomib and lenalidomide in Phase II and III studies. This paper reviews the chemistry and mechanisms of action of pomalidomide as well as all the available data from clinical trials on pomalidomide use in patients with refractory/relapsed multiple myeloma.