gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CPU volume rendering of adaptive mesh refinement data (2017)

Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) methods are widespread in scientific computing, and visualizing the resulting data with efficient and accurate rendering methods can be vital for enabling interactive data exploration. In this work, we detail a comprehensive solution for directly volume rendering block-structured (Berger-Colella) AMR data in the OSPRay interactive CPU ray tracing framework. In particular, we contribute a general method for representing and traversing AMR data using a kd-tree structure, and four different reconstruction options, one of which in particular (the basis function approach) is novel compared to existing methods. We demonstrate our system on two types of block-structured AMR data and compressed scalar field data, and show how it can be easily used in existing production-ready applications through a prototypical integration in the widely used visualization program ParaView.
Immunohistologic Dissection of the Human Kidney Using Monoclonal Antibodies (1985)

Nine murine monoclonal antibodies which detect differentiation antigens of the human kidney are described. Immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase studies demonstrate that these antigens are expressed by different cell types comprising the nephron. Monoclonal antibody MA99 detects a glycoprotein complex of the glomerular basement membrane. Monoclonal antibody S4 detects a glycoprotein of 160,000 daltons (gp160) expressed by glomerular and proximal tubular epithelial cells. Monoclonal antibodies S23, S27 and S6 immunoprecipitate a glycoprotein of 120,000 daltons (gp120) found on cells of the proximal tubule and portions of Henle's loop. Monoclonal antibody C26 identifies a glycoprotein of 40,000 daltons (gp40) expressed by cells of the distal and collecting tubules. Monoclonal antibodies M2 and S8 are specific for A and B blood group antigens, respectively, found on cells of the collecting tubule in individuals of the respective blood type. This panel of antibodies is useful in the study of normal renal embryogenesis, microanatomy and physiology as well as pathological processes including tumors.
Preparation of polymerized soybean oil and soy‐based polyols (2009)

Abstract In the absence of polymerization, soy‐based polyols tend to have inadequate hydroxyl equivalent molecular weights for many critical urethane applications. In this article, the polymerization (bodying) of soybean oil is presented as an effective method to increase the molecular weight of soy‐based polyols. When bodying is combined with reaction steps for alcohol addition and acid reduction, soy‐based polyols suitable for urethane applications can be synthesized. Two different heat‐polymerization approaches, catalyzed‐ and noncatalyzed‐bodied soybean oil (BSBO) were evaluated in continuous and batch processing. The catalyzed‐BSBO has lower iodine numbers and high viscosities than the noncatalyzed‐BSBO. This approach represents one of the least‐costly means to increase the hydroxyl equivalent weights of soy‐based polyols. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
On the Feasibility of the CaSO<sub>4</sub>-CaS Reaction for Regeneration of Sulfated Dolomite or Limestone in Sulfur Dioxide Pollution-Control Processes (1975)

(1975). On the Feasibility of the CaSO4-CaS Reaction for Regeneration of Sulfated Dolomite or Limestone in Sulfur Dioxide Pollution-Control Processes. Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association: Vol. 25, No. 12, pp. 1256-1257.
Disulphide Bridges in Surfactant Protein B Analogues Affect Their Activity in Synthetic Surfactant Preparations (2018)

The helix-loop-helix SP-B analogues tested in this study require the presence of 2 disulphide bridges for optimal activity in a rabbit RDS model.
Reactivity of recombinant treponema pallidum (r-Tp) antigens with anti-Tp antibodies in human syphilitic sera evaluated by ELISA (1997)

We evaluated the immunoreactivity of recombinant Treponema pallidum (r-Tp) antigens with human sera by indirect enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA). We expressed antigens with a molecular weight (MW) of 17KDa, 15KDa, 47KDa, and 42KDa, which are believed to be major immunoreactive membrane proteins of Tp cells. The expressed proteins were described by adding the prefix M, S, and G to the corresponding Tp antigens, namely, mature antigens, signal sequence containing antigens, and glutathione s-transferase (GST)-fused antigen in this report. A rather high expression occurred for M47 and S42 proteins in the Escherichia coli system, whereas for M15 and M17 proteins, a poor expression was observed. However, a fairly high expression occurred for G15 and G17. Thus expressed proteins were purified by means of chromatographies to a level of > 95%, and the purified proteins were found to be reactive with TPHA positive serum by Western blotting (WB). An ELISA performed with a serum of 1/1000 dilution using these purified antigens for coating on the solid phase showed that G17 antigen was more effective in detecting syphilis antibodies in human serum than M47, S42, and G15. There was a good consistency between ELISA and TPHA, whereby the cutoff indexes (CI) on ELISA showed a correlation coefficient of 0.7276 in logarithmic TPHA titers.
Fully Printable Single Layer Halide Perovskite/Peo Composite Thin Film LEDs (2016)

Traditional light emitting diodes (LEDs) involve a complicated device structure with multiple layers stacked over one another. Such a complex, multilayered architecture restricts the application of diverse fabrication techniques. Earth-abundant organometal halide perovskites (Pero) have been well astounded for their appealing optoelectronic properties, low cost and solution processability which make them ideal candidates for large size photovoltaic and LED applications. The objective of this thesis work is to fabricate Pero LED with uniform surface morphology, eliminating the multilayers with the help of Pero/Polyethylene oxide (PEO) composite thin film. Because of the simplicity in device architecture, this novel approach has the potential to surpass all the conceivable troubles involved in the fabrication of Pero LEDs. Preliminary results show a working device achieved by spin coating a thin film of Pero/PEO composite on ITO/glass serving as a bottom electrode and with In/Ga as the top electrode. Furthermore, fully printable and flexible Pero LEDs can be developed from this approach which can be scaled to large commercial roll to roll manufacturing.%%%%A Thesis submitted to the Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science.%%%%Summer Semester 2016.%%%%June 24, 2016.%%%%Zhibin Yu, Professor Directing Thesis; Richard Liang, Committee Member; Hui Wang, Committee Member.
Multifrequency complementary phase-coded radar signal (2000)

A multifrequency radar signal is considered. It uses M subcarriers simultaneously. The subcarriers are phase modulated by M different sequences that constitute a complementary set. Such a set can be constructed, for example, from the M cyclic shifts of a perfect phase-coded sequence of length M (e.g. P4). The subcarriers are separated by the inverse of the duration of a phase element tb , yielding orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), well known in communications. A single pulse of such a signal exhibits a thumbtack ambiguity function with delay resolution of tb/M. The power spectrum is relatively flat, with width of M/tb . The signal can be constructed by power combining M fixed-amplitude signals. The resulting signal, however, is of variable amplitude. The peak-to-mean envelope power ratio can be maintained below 2. A train of complementary pulses and a weight function along the frequency axis are useful for further sidelobe reduction.
Transform-limited, narrow-linewidth, terahertz-wave parametric generator (2001)

An injection-seeded nanosecond terahertz (THz) wave parametric generator was demonstrated using nonlinear crystals that were pumped by a single frequency Nd:yttrium–aluminum–garnet laser. Spectrum narrowing to the Fourier transform limit (ν=1.58 THz, Δν&lt;200 MHz) was achieved by injection seeding the idler wave (near-infrared Stokes). This resulted in a THz-wave output power (900 pJ/pulse, &gt;100 mW peak) approximately 300 times higher than that of a conventional THz-wave parametric generator, which has no injection seeder. This compact system operates at room temperature and promises to be a widely tunable THz-wave source that will compete with free-electron lasers and p-Ge lasers.
Role of non-ferrous coal minerals and by-product metallic wastes in coal liquefaction. Technical progress report, September 1-November 30, 1979 (1979)

This report describes work done in the first quarter of a study of the role of coal minerals and by-product metallic wastes in coal liquefaction. Samples of Elkhorn No. 3 coal, SRC-II Fuel Oil Blend, Robena pyrite and magnetite, and various other minerals were acquired. SRC-II Fuel Oil Blend was distilled to obtain the 550/sup 0/F+ fraction which will be used for coal liquefaction runs. The thermal stability of pyrite and other minerals was evaluated by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) in the presence of helium and hydrogen gases. Magnetite and zinc flue dusts (high and low zinc content) were found to be thermally stable in the inert atmosphere. Stoichiometric reduction of magnetite with hydrogen was obtained. Zinc flue dusts lost a maximum of 20% weight in the presence of hydrogen. Fly ash samples lost a maximum of 8% weight in the presence of helium and hydrogen gases. Stoichiometric reduction of Robena pyrite was observed both in helium and hydrogen gases. A pressurized thermal gravimetric reactor (PTGR) was used to determine the reactivity of the different minerals. The reduction of pyrite in the PTGR increased linearly with temperature, but the influence of hydrogen pressure was insignificant. The pyrolysis of pyrite was found to be an endothermic process, whereas oxidation of pyrite was exothermic. In batch autoclave tests, the Elkhorn No. 3 coal with 13.35% ash had 87% coal dissolution at 410/sup 0/C and 1250 psig hydrogen pressure (at 25/sup 0/C). Pyrite and several other minerals showed little improvement in naphthalene hydrogenation activity, whereas treated pyrite and pyrrhotite significantly improved this hydrogenation activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Bryostatin Analogues: The Role of the A‐Ring. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Total Synthesis of Ningalin B Utilizing a Heterocyclic Azadiene Diels−Alder Reaction and Discovery of a New Class of Potent Multidrug Resistant (MDR) Reversal Agents (2000)

A concise, efficient approach to the total synthesis of ningalin B (1) based on a heterocyclic azadiene Diels-Alder strategy (1,2,4,5-tetrazine-->1,2,-diazine-->pyrrole) ideally suited for construction of the densely functionalized pyrrole core found in the natural product is detailed. Examination of the natural product and a number of synthetic intermediates revealed that while lacking inherent cytotoxic activity, many reverse the multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype, resensitizing a human colon cancer cell line (HCT116/VM46) to vinblastine and doxorubicin at lower doses than the prototypical agent verapamil.
Detection of unknown targets from aerial camera and extraction of simple object fingerprints for the purpose of target reacquisition (2012)

An aerial multiple camera tracking paradigm needs to not only spot unknown targets and track them, but also needs to know how to handle target reacquisition as well as target handoff to other cameras in the operating theater. Here we discuss such a system which is designed to spot unknown targets, track them, segment the useful features and then create a signature fingerprint for the object so that it can be reacquired or handed off to another camera. The tracking system spots unknown objects by subtracting background motion from observed motion allowing it to find targets in motion, even if the camera platform itself is moving. The area of motion is then matched to segmented regions returned by the EDISON mean shift segmentation tool. Whole segments which have common motion and which are contiguous to each other are grouped into a master object. Once master objects are formed, we have a tight bound on which to extract features for the purpose of forming a fingerprint. This is done using color and simple entropy features. These can be placed into a myriad of different fingerprints. To keep data transmission and storage size low for camera handoff of targets, we try several different simple techniques. These include Histogram, Spatiogram and Single Gaussian Model. These are tested by simulating a very large number of target losses in six videos over an interval of 1000 frames each from the DARPA VIVID video set. Since the fingerprints are very simple, they are not expected to be valid for long periods of time. As such, we test the shelf life of fingerprints. This is how long a fingerprint is good for when stored away between target appearances. Shelf life gives us a second metric of goodness and tells us if a fingerprint method has better accuracy over longer periods. In videos which contain multiple vehicle occlusions and vehicles of highly similar appearance we obtain a reacquisition rate for automobiles of over 80% using the simple single Gaussian model compared with the null hypothesis of <20%. Additionally, the performance for fingerprints stays well above the null hypothesis for as much as 800 frames. Thus, a simple and highly compact single Gaussian model is useful for target reacquisition. Since the model is agnostic to view point and object size, it is expected to perform as well on a test of target handoff. Since some of the performance degradation is due to problems with the initial target acquisition and tracking, the simple Gaussian model may perform even better with an improved initial acquisition technique. Also, since the model makes no assumption about the object to be tracked, it should be possible to use it to fingerprint a multitude of objects, not just cars. Further accuracy may be obtained by creating manifolds of objects from multiple samples.
L1<inf>0</inf>-ordered MnAl thin films with high perpendicular magnetic anisotropy using tin underlayers on Si substrates (2015)

Ferromagnetic L1 <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> -ordered τ-phase MnAl thin films have been shown to exhibit high perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">u</sub> > 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> ergs/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ), moderate saturation magnetization (M <; 600 emu/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ), and low Gilbert damping parameter (α = 0.006). x-MnAl is also rare earth- and precious metal-free, making it an attractive candidate for a variety of applications such as magnetic recording, nonvolatile memory technologies, spintronic devices, permanent magnets, etc. However, achieving the necessary L1 <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> -ordering for perpendicular anisotropy in MnAl thin films has proven challenging and highly sensitive to deposition conditions and underlayers used. Using MgO underlayers, we previously demonstrated MnAl thin films with high perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) on Si substrates for the first time. However, MgO is an insulator, which presents two major challenges. First, MgO must be RF-sputtered, which results in low deposition rates, re-sputtering, and therefore the potential for MgO contamination in undesirable locations. Second, since it is an insulator, MgO impedes the use of MnAl film stacks as the bottom electrode in a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) for spintronic applications.
High Reflectivity dielectric gratings with large focusing power (2010)

We introduce a novel optical element, a dielectric resonance grating with a non-periodic pattern, able to reflect nearly 100% of incident light while shaping the reflected light phase front in an arbitrary way.
Evaluating HF Coastal Radar Site Performance for Tsunami Warning (2019)

We describe theoretical and experimental work for evaluating the suitability of coastal High Frequency (HF) radar sites for tsunami detection. A method is outlined which involves superimposing simulated tsunami velocities on typical radial current velocities measured at the radar site. This leads to an estimate of the minimum detectable tsunami height at the site. Results are presented from application of these methods to data measured over a day by a radar located at Brant Beach, New Jersey.
High efficiency radioisotope thermophotovoltaic prototype generator (1995)

A radioisotope thermophotovoltaic generator space power system (RTPV) is lightweight, low-cost alternative to the present radioisotope thermoelectric generator system (RTG). The fabrication of such an RTPV generator has recently become feasible as the result of the invention of the GaSb infrared sensitive photovoltaic cell. Herein, we present the results of a parametric study of emitters and optical filters in conjuction with existing data on gallium antimonide cells. We compare a polished tungsten emitter with an Erbia selective emitter for use in combination with a simple dielectric filter and a gallium antimonide cell array. We find that the polished tungsten emitter is by itself a very selective emitter with low emissivity beyond 4 microns. Given a gallium antimonide cell and a tungsten emitter, a simple dielectric filter can be designed to transmit radiant energy below 1.7 microns and to reflect radiant energy between 1.7 and 4 microns back to the emitter. Because of the low long wavelength emissivity associated with the polished tungsten emitter, this simple dielectric filter then yields very respectable system performance. Also as a result of the longer wavelength fall-off in the tungsten emissivity curve, the radiation energy peak for a polished tungsten emitter operating at 1300 K shifts to shorter wavelengths relative to the blackbody spectrum so that the radiated energy peak falls right at the gallium antimonide cell bandedge. The result is that the response of the gallium antimonide cell is well matched to a polished tungsten emitter. We propose, therefore, to fabricate an operating prototype of a near term radioisotope thermophotovoltaic generator design consisting of a polished tungsten emitter, standard gallium antimonide cells, and a near-term dielectric filter. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory will design and build the thermal cavity, and JX Crystals will fabricate the gallium antimonide cells, dielectric filters, and resultant receiver panels. With 250 Watts of heat input, we expect this prototype to produce over 300 Watts of electrical energy output for a system energy conversion efficiency of over 12%. This low risk, near term design provides advances relative to present radioisotope thermophotovoltaic generators and has the additional advantage of allowing component and system development and testing to begin immediately. Improved cells and filters can easily be incorporated in this baseline system if they should become available in the future.
Automatic Video Remixing Systems (2017)

There has been a tremendous increase in the amount of user generated content (UGC), and many mobile devices are also equipped with sensors (magnetic compass, accelerometer, gyroscope, etc.). We present an automatic video remixing system (AVRS), which intelligently processes UGC in combination with sensor information. The system aims to generate a video remix with minimal user effort. We present sensor-based as well as sensor-less architectures of such a system. The sensor-based AVRS system involves certain architectural choices that meet the key system requirements (leverage user generated content, use sensor information, reduce end-user burden) and user experience requirements. Architecture adaptations are required if any of the operating parameters need to be constrained for real world deployment feasibility. We present sensor-less architecture adaptations that enable the usage of the automatic remixing logic in different operating scenarios. The challenge for these system adaptations is to improve the benefits for certain key performance parameters, while reducing the compromise for other parameters. Subsequently, two key sensor-less AVRS architecture adaptations (Cloud Remix System and Smartview system) are presented. We show that significant reduction in system complexity can be achieved when a smaller reduction in the user experience is allowed. Similarly, the system can also be optimized to reduce the need for other key requirement parameters such as storage and user density.
Analysis and evaluation of a practical downlink multiuser MIMO scheduler over LTE advanced massive MIMO systems (2016)

In this paper, we construct and comprehensively analyze a practical downlink (DL) multiuser (MU) multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) scheduling algorithm over LTE Advanced (LTE-A) massive MIMO cellular networks. We first design an efficient approximation algorithm to maximize the weighted sum rate subject to certain mandatory practical constraints, and prove that our algorithm can yield a meaningful approximation guarantee. We then process the obtained scheduling decision to obtain one that is fully compliant with the LTE-A standard. Comprehensive system level evaluation is conducted by emulating an LTE-A massive MIMO network and potential gains are demonstrated.
High resolution intensity measurements using a new technique (1980)

Long-wavelength acoustical holography can be used to reconstruct images of sound sources which radiate into the farfield, but these images are generally assumed to be limited in resolution by the wavelength of the radiated sound. A new technique based on holographic principles has been developed with no intrinsic resolution limit. Thus, high resolution images of sound sources are obtained irregardless of the wavelength. The technique involves the recording of the sound pressure amplitude and phase with a plane array of microphones, then exactly reconstructing digitally the intensity of the sound sources with a computer and displaying the results with computer graphics. Thus, one can identify the location and intensity of multiple sound sources.
Massive MIMO for 5G: Theory, Implementation and Prototyping (2016)

This chapter presents a flexible platform that supports prototyping up to 20 MHz bandwidth 128-antenna multiple input, multiple output (MIMO). It devotes theory, design, implementation, and prototyping of Massive MIMO for 5G communication systems. The chapter overviews the principles and theory of Massive MIMO. It describes the channel modeling system with a focus on specific phenomena of large scale 3D channels. The chapter discusses the practical implementation aspects of Massive MIMO systems including analog circuit imperfections and digital baseband processing. It describes the design and architecture of building an 128 antenna Massive MIMO testbed. The chapter presents the time synchronization and phase coherency aspects of a Massive MIMO base station. In general, the transmit signals should be chosen such that users receive their own symbols, with suppressed interference caused by the symbols intended for other users. Massive MIMO will play a crucial role in 5G systems as spectral and radiated power effciency become increasingly critical.