gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The neuronal glycoprotein telencephalin is a cellular ligand for the CD11a/CD18 leukocyte integrin (1997)

Many leukocyte functions depend on interactions between the leukocyte-specific beta2 integrins CD11/CD18 and their ligands, the intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs). Telencephalin (TLN) is a novel member of the Ig superfamily expressed in the central nervous system. The NH2-terminal five Ig-like domains of TLN show the highest homology with the Ig domains of ICAM-1, ICAM-2, ICAM-3, and LW (ICAM-4), the known cellular ligands for CD11a/CD18. Here, we demonstrate that TLN interacts with CD11a/CD18. Peripheral blood T cells, Jurkat T cells, and B lymphoblastoid cells bound to immunopurified recombinant human TLN proteins. This adhesion was through CD11a/CD18 and was significantly inhibited by an Ab to CD11a/CD18. Reciprocally, TLN-transfected L cells also bound to purified CD11a/CD18. Recombinant TLN proteins comprising either the first five Ig domains (TLN(1-5)) or the entire extracellular portion (TLN(1-9)) showed binding to CD11a/CD18. We conclude that TLN is a novel neuronal cell adhesion molecule that may be important in integrin-mediated cell-cell interactions in the central nervous system, and that the CD11a/CD18-dependent recognition site of human TLN is located within the NH2-terminal five domains of this molecule.
Coming through the History: the Revival and Challenge of Spanish Sinology (2020)

Traditional sinology in Spain is facing the contemporary transition of academic research.It has become an important phenomena and trend in the research of humanities studies, whichcontains and assimilates contemporary China studies. Starting from the historical origin of Spanishsinology, this article summarizes the development of sinology in contemporary Spain, and analyzes thecharacteristics and trends of these disciplines. It is found that new Spanish sinology is reviving in theform of China studies, which has been extended in more fields of politics, economics, internationalrelations, sociology and anthropology and so on.
High-voltage electrode optimization towards uniform surface treatment by a pulsed volume discharge (2015)

In this study, the shape and material of the high-voltage electrode of an atmospheric pressure plasma generation system were optimised. The research was performed with the goal of achieving maximum uniformity of plasma treatment of the surface of the low-voltage electrode with a diameter of 100 mm. In order to generate low-temperature plasma with the volume of roughly 1 cubic decimetre, a pulsed volume discharge was used initiated with a corona discharge. The uniformity of the plasma in the region of the low-voltage electrode was assessed using a system for measuring the distribution of discharge current density. The system's low-voltage electrode -collector -was a disc of 100 mm in diameter, the conducting surface of which was divided into 64 radially located segments of equal surface area. The current at each segment was registered by a high-speed measuring system controlled by an ARM-based 32-bit microcontroller. To facilitate the interpretation of results obtained, a computer program was developed to visualise the results. The program provides a 3D image of the current density distribution on the surface of the low-voltage electrode. Based on the results obtained an optimum shape for a high-voltage electrode was determined. Uniformity of the distribution of discharge current density in relation to distance between electrodes was studied. It was proven that the level of non-uniformity of current density distribution depends on the size of the gap between electrodes. Experiments indicated that it is advantageous to use graphite felt VGN-6 (Russian abbreviation) as the material of the high-voltage electrode's emitting surface.
Induction of Neutralizing Antibodies against Diphtheria Toxin by Priming with Recombinant <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> BCG Expressing CRM <sub>197</sub> , a Mutant Diphtheria Toxin (2001)

ABSTRACT BCG, the attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis , has been widely used as a vaccine against tuberculosis and is thus an important candidate as a live carrier for multiple antigens. With the aim of developing a recombinant BCG (rBCG) vaccine against diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus (DPT), we analyzed the potential of CRM 197 , a mutated nontoxic derivative of diphtheria toxin, as the recombinant antigen for a BCG-based vaccine against diphtheria. Expression of CRM 197 in rBCG was achieved using Escherichia coli -mycobacterium shuttle vectors under the control of p BlaF*, an upregulated β-lactamase promoter from Mycobacterium fortuitum . Immunization of mice with rBCG-CRM 197 elicited an anti-diphtheria toxoid antibody response, but the sera of immunized mice were not able to neutralize diphtheria toxin (DTx) activity. On the other hand, a subimmunizing dose of the conventional diphtheria-tetanus vaccine, administered in order to mimic an infection, showed that rBCG-CRM 197 was able to prime the induction of a humoral response within shorter periods. Interestingly, the antibodies produced showed neutralizing activity only when the vaccines had been given as a mixture in combination with rBCG expressing tetanus toxin fragment C (FC), suggesting an adjuvant effect of rBCG-FC on the immune response induced by rBCG-CRM 197 . Isotype analysis of the anti-diphtheria toxoid antibodies induced by the combined vaccines, but not rBCG-CRM 197 alone, showed an immunoglobulin G1-dominant profile, as did the conventional vaccine. Our results show that rBCG expressing CRM 197 can elicit a neutralizing humoral response and encourage further studies on the development of a DPT vaccine with rBCG.
Monitoring en evaluatie van de Melkvee Academie (2010)

De Melkvee Academie bestaat sinds 2005. Het aantal deelnemers is inmiddels gegroeid tot ruim 1.800. De Academie organiseert diverse activiteiten die het ondernemerschap bij melkveehouders moeten bevorderen. Daarbij wordt samengewerkt met het bedrijfsleven, het onderzoek en het onderwijs. Wageningen UR Livestock Research voert momenteel een monitorings- en evaluatieprogramma uit om inzicht te krijgen in het effect van de activiteiten van de Academie.
The harmonic and geometric mean of vectors (1987)

New vector operations are defined that generalize the classical harmonic and geometric means of scalars. The definition of the harmonic mean involves an explicit vector formula, whereas the geometric mean of two vectors is defined by an iterative procedure. Two special cases are described in some detail, the case of 2-vectors which are equivalent to the complex numbers, and the case of 4-vectors which are a representation of the quaternions.
Detection and Mapping of Abnormal Brain Structure with a Probabilistic Atlas of Cortical Surfaces (1997)

Applications of the random fluid-based probabilistic atlas include the transfer of multisubject 3D functional, vascular, and histologic maps onto a single anatomic template, the mapping of 3D atlases onto the scans of new subjects, and the rapid detection, quantification, and mapping of local shape changes in 3D medical images in disease and during normal or abnormal growth and development.
A Sialyltransferase Mutant with Decreased Donor Hydrolysis and Reduced Sialidase Activities for Directly Sialylating Lewis<sup>x</sup> (2012)

Glycosyltransferases are important catalysts for enzymatic and chemoenzymatic synthesis of complex carbohydrates and glycoconjugates. The glycosylation efficiencies of wild-type glycosyltransferases vary considerably when different acceptor substrates are used. Using a multifunctional Pasteurella multocida sialyltransferase 1 (PmST1) as an example, we show here that the sugar nucleotide donor hydrolysis activity of glycosyltransferases contributes significantly to the low yield of glycosylation when a poor acceptor substrate is used. With a protein crystal structure-based rational design, we generated a single mutant (PmST1 M144D) with decreased donor hydrolysis activity without significantly affecting its α2-3-sialylation activity when a poor fucose-containing acceptor substrate was used. The single mutant also has a drastically decreased α2-3-sialidase activity. X-ray and NMR structural studies revealed that unlike the wild-type PmST1, which changes to a closed conformation once a donor binds, the M144D mutant structure adopts an open conformation even in the presence of the donor substrate. The PmST1 M144D mutant with decreased donor hydrolysis and reduced sialidase activity has been used as a powerful catalyst for efficient chemoenzymatic synthesis of complex sialyl Lewis(x) antigens containing different sialic acid forms. This work sheds new light on the effect of donor hydrolysis activity of glycosyltransferases on glycosyltransferase-catalyzed reactions and provides a novel strategy to improve glycosyltransferase substrate promiscuity by decreasing its donor hydrolysis activity.
An Evaluation of Electric Motors for Ship Propulsion (2003)

An evaluation was conducted of the various propulsion motors being considered for electric ship propulsion. The benefit of such an evaluation is that all of the propulsion options being considered by the U.S. Navy have been described in one document. The AC induction motor, AC synchronous motor, High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) motor and Superconducting DC Homopolar Motor (SDCHM) are examined. The properties, advantages, and disadvantages of each motor are discussed and compared. The power converters used to control large propulsion motors are also discussed. The Navy's IPS program is discussed and the results of concept testing are presented. Podded propulsion is introduced and the benefits are discussed. The final chapter presents the simulation results of a volts/Hertz controlled 30 MW induction motor. The evaluation revealed that the permanent magnet motor is the best propulsion motor when considering mature technology, power density, and acoustic performance. HTS motors offer significant volume reductions and improved acoustic performance as compared to conventional motors. This includes both AC and DC HTS motors. The main obstacle for the SDCHM remains the unavailability of high current capacity brushes.
Combining the incompatible : inulin glass dispersions for fast dissolution, stabilization and formulation of lipophilic drugs (2006)

Solid dispersions offer a drug delivery platform that may overcome problems related to the absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs in-vivo. This is ascribed to accelerated dissolution of the drug. Nevertheless, up to now a small number of products based on solid dispersions have reached the market. This is due to difficulties in manufacturing, stabilization, dissolution and formulation as resulting in poor control over the physico-chemical characteristics of the product as outlined in the first chapter. Moreover, research is slowed down by a lack of characterization tools that elucidate the molecular structure of solid dispersions. In this thesis, a new platform technology is investigated that has the potential to overcome many of these problems. We set out to develop solid dispersions consisting of a hydrophilic matrix containing the lipophilic drug. In order to stabilise the system, including the incorporated drug substance, materials for the matrix were investigated which were in the glassy state at normal storage conditions.
Ischemia, rather than reperfusion, inhibits respiration through cytochrome oxidase in the isolated, perfused rabbit heart: role of cardiolipin (2004)

Ischemia and reperfusion result in mitochondrial dysfunction, with decreases in oxidative capacity, loss of cytochrome c, and generation of reactive oxygen species. During ischemia of the isolated perfused rabbit heart, subsarcolemmal mitochondria, located beneath the plasma membrane, sustain a loss of the phospholipid cardiolipin, with decreases in oxidative metabolism through cytochrome oxidase and the loss of cytochrome c. We asked whether additional injury to the distal electron chain involving cardiolipin with loss of cytochrome c and cytochrome oxidase occurs during reperfusion. Reperfusion did not lead to additional damage in the distal electron transport chain. Oxidation through cytochrome oxidase and the content of cytochrome c did not further decrease during reperfusion. Thus injury to cardiolipin, cytochrome c, and cytochrome oxidase occurs during ischemia rather than during reperfusion. The ischemic injury leads to persistent defects in oxidative function during the early reperfusion period. The decrease in cardiolipin content accompanied by persistent decrements in the content of cytochrome c and oxidation through cytochrome oxidase is a potential mechanism of additional myocyte injury during reperfusion.
An Adaptive Routing Algorithm for Best-effort Traffic in Integrated-Services Networks (1999)

In this paper, we present a dynamic routing algorithm for best-effort traffic in &quot;Integrated-Services&quot; networks. Our goal is to improve the throughput of high-bandwidth traffic, such as large file transfers, in a network where flows exhibiting different Quality of Services (QoS) requirements are present. The algorithm we present...
DARE: A Deduplication-Aware Resemblance Detection and Elimination Scheme for Data Reduction with Low Overheads (2015)

Data reduction has become increasingly important in storage systems due to the explosive growth of digital data in the world that has ushered in the big data era. One of the main challenges facing large-scale data reduction is how to maximally detect and eliminate redundancy at very low overheads. In this paper, we present DARE, a low-overhead deduplication-aware resemblance detection and elimination scheme that effectively exploits existing duplicate-adjacency information for highly efficient resemblance detection in data deduplication based backup/archiving storage systems. The main idea behind DARE is to employ a scheme, call Duplicate-Adjacency based Resemblance Detection (DupAdj), by considering any two data chunks to be similar (i.e., candidates for delta compression) if their respective adjacent data chunks are duplicate in a deduplication system, and then further enhance the resemblance detection efficiency by an improved super-feature approach. Our experimental results based on real-world and synthetic backup datasets show that DARE only consumes about 1/4 and 1/2 respectively of the computation and indexing overheads required by the traditional super-feature approaches while detecting 2-10 percent more redundancy and achieving a higher throughput, by exploiting existing duplicate-adjacency information for resemblance detection and finding the “sweet spot” for the super-feature approach.
Reduction of water loading effects in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry by a Nafion membrane dryer device (1998)

A multi-strand Nafion® dryer, located between the spray chamber and torch of a plasma source mass spectrometer, removed about 97% of the total mass of water leaving the spray chamber. A significant reduction in the ratio of the oxide signal to that of the metal for cerium and barium was observed. The argon oxide and hydroxide signals at m/z 56 and 57, respectively, were also decreased by about a factor of 10 for m/z 56. In turn, an improvement in the detection limit for iron at this m/z by about a factor of 5 was obtained. The use of the dryer did not require re-optimization of the instrument operating conditions and, for the relatively clean solutions introduced by flow injection used in this study, did not cause any significant memory effect or peak broadening.
Covid-19: Novavax vaccine efficacy is 86% against UK variant and 60% against South African variant (2021)

The SARS-CoV-2 vaccine produced by the US biotechnology company Novavax is 95.6% effective against the original variant of SARS-CoV-2 but also provides protection against the newer variants B.1.1.7 (85.6%) and B.1.351 (60%), preliminary data from clinical trials show.

Interim results have been released from a phase III trial carried out in the UK with more than 15 000 participants aged between 18 and 84, including 27% over the age of 65. The trial tested two doses of the vaccine administered three weeks apart and reported 62 symptomatic cases of covid-19, of which 56 were in the placebo group (saline) and six in the vaccine group. Of the 62 cases, only one was severe (in the placebo group), and 32 were with the UK variant.

A phase II trial of the Novavax vaccine is also ongoing in South Africa with 4400 volunteers, in which …
Cervicocephalic kinesthetic sensibility in patients with cervical pain. (1991)

Head orientation in space makes use of multiple sensory afferents, among which the cervical proprioceptive cues could play a predominant role. To quantify the alteration of neck proprioception in patients with cervical pathology, we proposed a test for the clinical evaluation of the ability to relocate the head on the trunk after an active head movement, for 30 healthy subjects and 30 patients with cervical pain. The data demonstrated that this ability was significantly poorer in the patient group, indicating an alteration in neck proprioception. This test permits a discriminant classification of healthy and sick subjects, justifies proprioceptive rehabilitation programs, and allows a quantitative evaluation of their results.
Changes in membrane fluidity modulate heat shock gene expression and produced attenuated strains in the dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. (1993)

In the dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum the expression of heat shock genes is modulated by addition of fatty acids. Addition at 25 degrees C of saturated fatty acid (palmitic acid) to mycelia of H. capsulatum induced a significant increase in heat shock mRNAs transcription when cells were heat shocked. Conversely, treatments with unsaturated fatty acid (oleic acid) drastically reduced the level of heat shock gene transcription at 37 degrees C, and no detectable levels were measurable with 2 mM. Addition of saturated fatty acid induced a thermotolerant state and mitochondria retained ATPase activity coupled to electron transport under severe heat shock conditions and shortened the time required for mycelium-to-yeast phase transition. Conversely, addition of unsaturated fatty acids uncoupled mitochondrial electron transport and prolonged considerably the time required for phase transition at the same temperatures. A virulent strain, if treated with unsaturated fatty acid under condition in which no heat shock was detectable, lost its virulence probably as a consequence of decreased ability to adapt to the new living condition present in the host.
Performance of crumb rubber modified binders and asphalts (2011)

Extensive research into crumb rubber modified bitumen and asphalt using recycled tires has been done. Cooperation between the pavement research centre of the University of Wuppertal and the Heiden Labor (Rostock) under sponsorship of the German Ministry of Economics has been established. In this project, bitumen modifications with variations of masses and sizes of crumb rubber as well as bitumen grades were tested. The property of the modified bitumen were verified with the standard tests penetration, density and softening point ring and ball as well as the performance tests bending beam rheometer (BBR), dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and force ductility. The performances of the bitumen variants show that binder properties change significantly depending on the added masses of crumb rubber and the provenience. Nearly half of the binders were tested in asphalt mixtures. The asphalt specifications were established by stiffness, fatigue, high temperature behaviour and adhesion. The DSR tests and rutting tests document that high temperature behaviour definitely gets better by adding crumb rubber into bitumen or asphalt. Better low temperature behaviour of crumb rubber modified bitumen show the BBR tests. The quantity of crumb rubber influences directly the properties of bitumen and asphalt. All over it shows that conventional bitumen can be upgraded to a high-quality binder by adding crumb rubber of scrap tires (recycling material) and thus directly change and optimize different binder and asphalt specifications.
Spatially Correlated Qubit Errors and Burst-Correcting Quantum Codes (1997)

We explore the design of quantum error-correcting codes for cases where the decoherence events of qubits are correlated. In particular, we consider the case where only spatially contiguous qubits decohere, which is analogous to the case of burst errors in classical coding theory. We present several different efficient schemes for constructing families of such codes. For example, one can find one-dimensional quantum codes of length n=13 and 15 that correct burst errors of width b < 4; as a comparison, a random-error correcting quantum code that corrects t=3 errors must have length n > 18. In general, we show that it is possible to build quantum burst-correcting codes that have near optimal dimension. For example, we show that for any constant b, there exist b-burst-correcting quantum codes with length n, and dimension k=n-log n -O(b); as a comparison, the Hamming bound for the case with t (constant) random errors yields k < n - t log n - O(1) .
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses with Perfluoroalkyl Radicals from Perfluoroalkyl Iodides. A Rapid Survey of Synthetic Possibilities with Emphasis on Practical Applications. Part 1. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Allylic Compounds (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Checkpoint and rollback in asynchronous distributed systems (2002)

This paper proposes a novel algorithm for taking checkpoints and rolling back the processes for recovery in asynchronous distributed systems. The algorithm has the following properties: (1) multiple processes can simultaneously initiate the checkpointing; (2) no additional message is transmitted for taking checkpoints; (3) a set of local checkpoints taken by multiple processes denotes a consistent global state; (4) multiple processes can initiate simultaneously the rollback recovery; (5) the minimum number of processes are rolled back; and (6) each process is rolled back asynchronously. The number of messages for rolling back the processes is O(l) where l is the number of channels. Therefore, the system is kept highly available by the algorithm presented.
A simple lossless compression heuristic for RGB images (2004)

In this paper, we show a simple lossless compression heuristic for color images in RGB format. The main advantage of this approach is that it provides a highly parallelizable compressor and decompressor. The lossless image compression methods often consist of two distinct and independent components (context-based methods): modeling and coding phase. It can be applied independently to each block of 8/spl times/8 pixels achieving 70 to 80 percent of the compression obtained with LOCO-I (JPEG-LS).
Higher detection rate of JAK2 mutation using plasma (2008)

3] All 634 samples were collected from patients who were clinically suspected of having a non-CML MPD. We report that the V617F mutation was detected in 151 (24%) patients when plasma was used and only in 140 (22%) paired cell samples. No patients were positive by cell analysis and negative by plasma analysis while 7% of patients positive by plasma were negative by cells.
High sensitivity InP/InGaAs heterojunction phototransistor (1980)

Back-illuminated InP/InGaAs heterojunction phototransistors are described. These devices exhibit a low-level optical gain of 40 at 1 nW of incident power which represents a 1000 × improvement in sensitivity over previously reported phototransistors. The maximum gain is 1000 at 5 μW input. The response is relatively flat from 0.95 μm to 1.65 μm wavelength.