gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Local concurrent error detection and correction in data structures using virtual backpointers (1989)

Two linked data structures utilizing virtual backpointers, the virtual double-linked list (VDLL) and the B-tree with virtual backpointers (VBT), are described. Four experiments that provide example measurements of the capabilities (behavior under multiple error conditions) and performance (time overhead) of both local concurrent error detection and correction using sample VDLL and VBT instances are described. For these structures, double errors within a fixed-size checking window can be detected in constant time, and single errors detected during forward moves can be corrected in constant time.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Rapidly Grown IBAD LiPON Films with High Li-Ion Conductivity and Electrochemical Stability (2002)

LiPON films have been produced by nitrogen ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) of thermally evaporated This process allowed us to rapidly deposit X-ray amorphous LiPON films with densities close to that of the handbook value for high ionic conductivity electronic conductivity smaller than and an electrochemical stability window of over 6.0 V. These properties, combined with the high deposition rates that can be achieved with this process make it an attractive candidate for industrial production of LiPON thin films for Li-ion batteries. © 2002 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Microfluidic Encapsulation of Prickly Zinc‐Doped Copper Oxide Nanoparticles with VD1142 Modified Spermine Acetalated Dextran for Efficient Cancer Therapy (2017)

Structural features of nanoparticles have recently been explored for different types of applications. To explore specific particles as nanomedicine and physically destroy cancer is interesting, which might avoid many obstacles in cancer treatment, for example, drug resistance. However, one key element and technical challenge of those systems is to selectively target them to cancer cells. As a proof-of-concept, Prickly zinc-doped copper oxide (Zn-CuO) nanoparticles (Prickly NPs) have been synthesized, and subsequently encapsulated in a pH-responsive polymer; and the surface has been modified with a novel synthesized ligand, 3-(cyclooctylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl] benzenesulfonamide (VD1142). The Prickly NPs exhibit very effective cancer cell antiproliferative capability. Moreover, the polymer encapsulation shields the Prickly NPs from unspecific nanopiercing and, most importantly, VD1142 endows the engineered NPs to specifically target to the carbonic anhydrase IX, a transmembrane protein overexpressed in a wide variety of cancer tumors. Intracellularly, the Prickly NPs disintegrate into small pieces that upon endosomal escape cause severe damage to the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria of the cells. The engineered Prickly NP is promising in efficient and targeted cancer treatment and it opens new avenue in nanomedication.
Towards a universal auto-hinting system for typographic shapes (1994)

The article presents a simple method for the automatic recognition and hinting of character structure elements such as horizontal and vertical stems. Stem recognition is based on successive steps such as extraction of straight or nearly straight contour segments, detection of hidden segments, merging of original and hidden segments into larger segments, sorting of segments into classes according to their slopes and finally, composition of black and white stems. Reference values required for character hinting purposes are obtained by evaluating the regularity of the font through statistical analysis of features such as stem widths and stem angles. Knowledge about the location of stems and analysis of outline parts between stems is used in order to produce automatically appropriate grid constraint rules (hints). The presented outline analysis and stem extraction techniques are very general and may be applied to non Latin characters as well
Total synthesis of optically active sordaricin methyl ester and its Δ<sup>2</sup>-derivative (1993)

Optically active sordaricin methyl ester and its A2-derivative have een synthesised via intramolecular Diels–Alder reaction of appropriate precursors derived from dimeric condensates of iridoid synthons for the first time.
Evidence-based guidelines for controlling pH in mammalian live-cell culture systems (2019)

A fundamental variable in culture medium is its pH, which must be controlled by an appropriately formulated buffering regime, since biological processes are exquisitely sensitive to acid-base chemistry. Although awareness of the importance of pH is fostered early in the training of researchers, there are no consensus guidelines for best practice in managing pH in cell cultures, and reporting standards relating to pH are typically inadequate. Furthermore, many laboratories adopt bespoke approaches to controlling pH, some of which inadvertently produce artefacts that increase noise, compromise reproducibility or lead to the misinterpretation of data. Here, we use real-time measurements of medium pH and intracellular pH under live-cell culture conditions to describe the effects of various buffering regimes, including physiological CO<sub>2</sub>/HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> and non-volatile buffers (e.g. HEPES). We highlight those cases that result in poor control, non-intuitive outcomes and erroneous inferences. To improve data reproducibility, we propose guidelines for controlling pH in culture systems.
Renal Cortical Pyruvate Depletion during AKI (2014)

Pyruvate is a key intermediary in energy metabolism and can exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the fate of pyruvate during AKI remains unknown. Here, we assessed renal cortical pyruvate and its major determinants (glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, pyruvate dehydrogenase [PDH], and H2O2 levels) in mice subjected to unilateral ischemia (15-60 minutes; 0-18 hours of vascular reflow) or glycerol-induced ARF. The fate of postischemic lactate, which can be converted back to pyruvate by lactate dehydrogenase, was also addressed. Ischemia and glycerol each induced persistent pyruvate depletion. During ischemia, decreasing pyruvate levels correlated with increasing lactate levels. During early reperfusion, pyruvate levels remained depressed, but lactate levels fell below control levels, likely as a result of rapid renal lactate efflux. During late reperfusion and glycerol-induced AKI, pyruvate depletion corresponded with increased gluconeogenesis (pyruvate consumption). This finding was underscored by observations that pyruvate injection increased renal cortical glucose content in AKI but not normal kidneys. AKI decreased PDH levels, potentially limiting pyruvate to acetyl CoA conversion. Notably, pyruvate therapy mitigated the severity of AKI. This renoprotection corresponded with increases in cytoprotective heme oxygenase 1 and IL-10 mRNAs, selective reductions in proinflammatory mRNAs (e.g., MCP-1 and TNF-α), and improved tissue ATP levels. Paradoxically, pyruvate increased cortical H2O2 levels. We conclude that AKI induces a profound and persistent depletion of renal cortical pyruvate, which may induce additional injury.
Barley β-D-Glucan Exohydrolases with β-D-Glucosidase Activity (1996)

Two beta-glucan exohydrolases of apparent molecular masses 69,000 and 71,000 Da have been purified from extracts of 8-day germinated barley grains and are designated isoenzymes ExoI and ExoII, respectively. The sequences of their first 52 NH2-terminal amino acids show 64% positional identity. Both enzymes hydrolyze the (1,3)-beta-glucan, laminarin, but also hydrolyze (1,3;1,4)-beta-glucan and 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucoside. The complete sequence of 602 amino acid residues of the mature beta-glucan exohydrolase isoenzyme ExoII has been deduced by nucleotide sequence analysis of a near full-length cDNA. Two other enzymes of apparent molecular mass 62,000 Da, designated betaI and betaII, were also purified from the extracts. Their amino acid sequences are similar to enzymes classified as beta-glucosidases and although they hydrolyze 4-nitrophenyl beta-glucoside, their substrate specificities and action patterns are more typical of polysaccharide exohydrolases of the (1,4)-beta-glucan glucohydrolase type. Both the beta-glucan exohydrolase isoenzyme ExoI and the beta-glucosidase isoenzyme betaII release single glucosyl residues from the nonreducing ends of substrates and proton-NMR shows that anomeric configurations are retained during hydrolysis by both classes of enzyme. These results raise general questions regarding the distinction between polysaccharide exohydrolases and glucosidases, together with more specific questions regarding the functional roles of the two classes of enzyme in germinating barley grain.
Exception handling in workflow-driven Web applications (2005)

As the Web becomes a platform for implementing B2B applications, the need arises of Web conceptual models for describing Web oriented workflow applications implementing business processes. In this context, new problems about process correctness arise, due to the loose control of Web applications upon the behavior of their Web clients. Indeed, incoherent user's behavior can lead to inconsistent processes.This paper presents a high level approach to the management of exceptions that occur during the execution of processes on the Web. We present a classification of exceptions that can be raised inside workflow-driven Web applications, and recovery policies to retrieve coherent status and data after an exception. We devise these concepts at high level and then we exploit them using a Web modeling language (WebML) that in turn provides development facilities like automatic code generation, validation of hypertext models, and so on. An industrial implementation experience is briefly presented too.
<i>Demodex</i>quantification methods: limitations of confocal laser scanning microscopy (2013)

Funding sources: None. Conflicts of interest: None declared. Madam, We read with interest the recent paper by Sattler et al.1 describing the quantification of Demodex mites using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Their work is interesting but we feel that there are limitations to the use of this method for accurately detecting absolute numbers of mites in human skin. Because the role of Demodex in normal or diseased skin is unknown,2 and because of their possible role in modulation of immune reactivity of the follicle3 and an association between the degree of mite infestation and the development of rosacea,4 5 6 the need for accurate reproducible in vivo methods of quantifying mites is becoming increasingly important. Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis are most numerous in the sebaceous follicles of the central facial skin of humans. The upper portion and infundibulum of the sebaceous follicle appear to be populated almost entirely by mature adult D. folliculorum (some of which are dead). Histological sections of skin show that mites are orientated with their cephalic portion downwards in the follicular canal and their vermiform opisthosoma upwards protruding into the follicular ostium. Figure 1 in the publication by Sattler et al. nicely shows the opisthosoma of several mites within the infundibulum of a follicle. Figure 2 in their article is unclear, as the ‘lengthy cone‐shaped body’ of Demodex ‘cut sideways’ is not apparent to these authors.
Equilibrium Binding of Estrogen Receptor with DNA Using Fluorescence Anisotropy (1997)

Interaction of estrogen receptor (ER) with DNA sequences known as estrogen response elements (ERE) is required for estrogen regulation of the expression of target genes. To characterize the affinity and specificity of ER interaction with ERE sequences in vitro under equilibrium conditions, fluorescence anisotropy assays were performed using recombinant, purified ER and a fluorescein-labeled 35-base pair oligonucleotide bearing an idealized palindromic ERE. In buffer containing 100 mM KCl, the baculovirus-expressed, purified human ER bound with similar affinity to the consensus ERE and a mutant ERE with a single base pair change per half-site. Above 225 mM KCl, ER exhibited discrimination between the consensus and mutated ERE targets. Between 225 and 275 mM KCl, binding to the consensus ERE was independent of salt concentration and occurred with an equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) of 1.8 +/- 0.6 nM, whereas binding to the mutant ERE was not detected at ER concentrations below 100 nM under the same conditions. At 300 mM KCl, the Kd for the consensus ERE increased approximately 25-fold, suggesting complex salt concentration dependence. Both estrogen-occupied and unoccupied ER bound to the consensus ERE sequence with similar affinity, indicating that estrogen affects ER activity at a step other than DNA binding. Unlike the full-length ER, the recombinant DNA binding domain of ER did not discriminate between the consensus and mutated ERE sequences even at buffer salt concentrations greater than 200 mM NaCl, suggesting that ER sequences outside the DNA binding domain may be important in promoting specific binding.
SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines Elicit Durable Immune Responses in Infant Rhesus Macaques (2021)

SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are well-tolerated and highly immunogenic in infant rhesus macaques.
Non-volatile, phase-transition smart gels visually indicating <i>in situ</i> thermal status for sensing applications (2019)

Non-volatile smart gel platforms that change optical properties according to temperature are successfully prepared based on a random copolymer, poly(styrene-ran-benzyl methacrylate-ran-methyl methacrylate) [(P(S-r-BzMA-r-MMA)]. The P(S-r-BzMA-r-MMA) copolymers are judiciously designed to serve as both polymer hosts for a gel, and thermoresponsive materials. In contrast to typical lower critical solution temperature (LCST) or upper critical solution temperature (UCST) systems including sol-gel (or gel-sol) transition, the thermoresponsive gels consisting of the P(S-r-BzMA-r-MMA) and ionic liquids (ILs) maintain an elastic gel-state due to their network structure irrespective of phase transitions. We investigate the effects of the copolymer composition and copolymer/IL ratio on the gel properties. Temperature dependent self-assembly of the gel is revealed using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Thermal response of the gel is examined optically and dynamically. Moreover, we propose a simple method to additionally control the response temperature and the mechanical robustness of the gels by incorporating additional salts. Lastly, we successfully demonstrate practical feasibility of the thermoresponsive gels in high-temperature safety indicators and temperature range indicators, in which the gels visually display in situ thermal status by a change in optical transmittance.
A new telescope control software for the Mayall 4-meter telescope (2016)

The Mayall 4-meter telescope recently went through a major modernization of its telescope control system in preparation for DESI. We describe MPK (Mayall Pointing Kernel), our new software for telescope control. MPK outputs a 20Hz position-based trajectory with a velocity component, which feeds into Mayall’s new servo system over a socket. We wrote a simple yet realistic servo simulator that let us develop MPK mostly without access to real hardware, and also lets us provide other teams with a Mayall simulator as test bed for development of new instruments. MPK has a small core comprised of prioritized, soft real-time threads. Access to the core’s services is via MPK’s main thread, a complete, interactive Tcl/Tk shell, which gives us the power and flexibility of a scripting language to add any other features, from GUIs, to modules for interaction with critical subsystems like dome or guider, to an API for networked clients of a new instrument (e.g., DESI). MPK is designed for long term maintainability: it runs on a stock computer and Linux OS, and uses only standard, open source libraries, except for commercial software that comes with source code in ANSI C/C++. We discuss the technical details of how MPK combines the Reflexxes motion library with the TCSpk/TPK pointing library to generically handle any motion requests, from slews to offsets to sidereal or non-sidereal tracking. We show how MPK calculates when the servos have reached a steady state. We also discuss our TPOINT modeling strategy and report performance results.
Holographic Recording by Dye-Sensitized Photopolymerization of Acrylamide (1975)

The dye-sensitized photopolymerization of acrylamide was investigated in order to obtain new holographic recording media that have high diffraction efficiency and a long photosensitive life. The characteristics of the photosensitive system, containing methylene blue as a photosensitizer and acetylacetone or triethanolamine as an initiator, were estimated. In the system containing the former initiator, the existence of bases was found to be essential and a 20% diffraction efficiency was obtained. In the system containing the latter initiator, a diffraction efficiency of up to 65% was obtained and the photosensitivity was maintained more than 80 days.
<title>Speckle reduction in synthetic aperture radar imagery using wavelets</title> (1993)

In this paper, a method using the wavelet transform and the multiresolution analysis to remove the speckle effect in Synthetic Aperture Radar imagery is proposed. This technique allows the filtering of the most speckled structures and the improvement of the performances of a classical Wiener filter. Results on one example are presented. They confirm the efficiency of the multiresolution approach, as described in Cauneau and Ranchin' .The choice of the algorithm of wavelet transform and of the number of scales treated are discussed. The efficiency of the "a trous" algorithm is due to the isotropy of the wavelet used. This non-directional wavelet allows an improvement of the radiometric resolution without degrading significantly the geometrical resolution. Perspectives for an improvement of the quality of the speckle reduction are explored.
Microscopic observations of condensation of water on lotus leaves (2005)

We report an in situ observation of water condensation and evaporation on lotus leaf surfaces inside an environmental scanning electron microscope. The real-time observation shows, at the micrometer length scale, how water drops grow to large contact angles during water condensation, and decrease in size and contact angle during the evaporation phase of the experiment. To rationalize the observations, we propose a geometric model for liquid drops on rough surfaces when the size of the drop and surface roughness scale are comparable. This model suggests that when drop size and surface roughness are of the same magnitude, such as micrometer size water drops on lotus leaves, well-known equations for wetting on rough surfaces may not be applicable.
Síntese de atividades da Embrapa Suínos e Aves: 1996-1997. (1998)

Pesquisa; Pesquisa em suinos; Pesquisa em aves; Area de comunicacao empresarial; Contratos; Atividades de apoio e infra-estrutura; Laboratorio de analise fisico-quimicas; Laboratorio de sanidade; Unidades de apoio a pesquisa em sanidade animal; Centro de Diagnostico em Saude Animal (CEDISA); Informacao e documentacao; Informatica; Setor de recursos humanos (SRH); Setor de orcamentos e financas (SOF); Setor de servicos auxiliares (SSA); Setor de patrimonio e material (SPM); Setor de maquinas e veiculos (SMV); Obras, equipamentos e outros investimentos; Anexos; Chefias; Equipe multidiscipinar; Grupo de apoio a pesquisa; Publicacoes 1996; Publicacoes 1997; Embrapa Suinos e Aves (Resumo fotografico).
Estimation of Overvoltage Suppression Effect of an Open End Arrester and Suppression of Lightning Surge with a Light-duty Arrester (1992)

Lightning surge and switching surge can be suppressed with an arrester. Generally, it is effective to install the arrester at the open end of the bus or the transmission line, and the overvoltage value can be calculated by using a digital computer or a TNA. But we can not know the value before the computation is done.This paper gives a simple formula with which we can know easily the overvoltage value on the line with the arrester installed at the open end.By the way, lightning surge in a substation becomes lower by using the arrester with more reduced residual voltage. But it must deal with more energy of switching surges. So, reducing the residual voltage has its limits. Also, even if the arrester is used, it happens to exceed the desired overvoltage value when the bus circuit is long.This paper also shows that the lightning surge can be suppressed well by installing a supplemental arrester at the open end of the bus, even if it is a light-duty arrester. The overvoltage value is shown by using the formula developed in the paper.
Niobium Pentoxide Samples with Addition of Manganese at Different Concentrations and Calcination Temperatures Applied in the Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B (2020)

In order to improve the photocatalytic effect of Nb2O5, manganese from 1% to 10% was added by the polymeric precursor’s method. The samples obtained were subjected to different calcination temperatures from 400 to 700 °C. Characterization of the synthesized materials was performed by XRD, IR, Raman and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS) spectroscopy, FE-SEM, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method, Photoluminescence (PL) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). Photocatalytic performance for degradation of Rhodamine B was also evaluated. The Rietveld refined X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern of Nb2O5:Mn 1.0 wt.% (700 °C) sample was similar to that of the un-doped oxide, therefore indicating that Nb was replaced by Mn and, consequently, there are not significant variations in the oxide structure. The Nb2O5:Mn 10.0 wt.% (700 °C) sample has the lowest band gap energy. The specific surface area (SBET) PL value increased as manganese concentration increased. The Nb2O5:Mn 5.0 wt.% (700 °C) sample has an Eg of 3.15 eV and morphological and surface characteristics that made it an appropriate photocatalyst in the Rhodamine B degradation. The novelty of this work relies on the use of a small quantity of Mn ions as dopants leading to Nb2O5:Mn nanostructured particles without using any surfactant or other additives.
Spontaneous abdominal aortic rupture from erosion by a lumbar spine fixation device: a case report. (1986)

Spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage is an uncommon event. A case of delayed postoperative aortic rupture from erosion by a spinal fixation device, heretofore not previously described, is presented to call attention to this potential catastrophe. Appropriate management includes aggressive patient resuscitation and early surgical intervention with initial proximal and distal control of the aorta, removal of the offending prosthetic appliance, and repair of the vascular injury. Prevention of this complication of vascular erosion by an implanted foreign body requires absolute avoidance of impingement on any medium or large artery.