gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development and Application of Surfactant-Based Systems for Treatment of Wells Drilled with OBM (2001)

Abstract Wells drilled with oil-based muds can suffer from severe damage which decreases their overall productivity. During drilling, mud solid parts tend to form an external and internal filtercake along well bore through filtration, while liquid part (filtrate) tends to leak off into the formation. Clean-up process is then necessary to restore the productive zone to a nearnatural state before production. Chemical treatment is often used to break external cake and to wash-off damage zone around well bore, so that formation recovers its fluid transfer properties (water, oil). This paper focuses on the development and application of surfactant-based systems for treatment of wells drilled with oil-based muds. Aqueous based systems are widely used in such cases to effect significant production increases, but they create an additional damage which may even block oil production. A promising issue would be to use a surfactant-based system in a non-pollutant organic base to limit in situ formation of emulsion and water saturation around the well bore. Though, our research methodology aims to select an organic-based surfactant system able to break the cake formed by filtration of a given oil-based mud system. The demulsifying formulation should be able to bother interface surfactants stabilizing effect to allow water droplets coalescence inside the cake. Through breaking emulsion inside the cake, surfactants may decrease cake cohesion and bore adherence. Careful choice may help preventing the system composed of filtrate, reservoir fluids and treatment fluid from forming a stable emulsion inside the porous medium, which could block oil production. Laboratory data are presented showing the relative effects of the organic phase surfactant system and of a conventional commercial treatment on cake destruction and productivity recovering. Results are held by a precise experimental methodology combining Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Cryomicroscopy. Both techniques characterize emulsion stability and destabilization as a function of wellbore parameters (contact time, overbalance pressure...).
Identification of the Soluble Starch Synthase Activities of (1999)

This study identified the complement of soluble starch synthases (SSs) present in developing maize (Zea mays) endosperm. The product of the dul gene, DUI, was shown to be one of the two major soluble SSs. The C-terminal 450 residues of DUl comprise eight sequence blocks conserved in 28 known or predicted glucan synthases. This region of DUl was expressed in Escherichia coli and shown to possess SS activity. DUl-specific antisera detected a soluble endosperm protein of more than 200 kD that was lacking in dul- mutants. These antisera eliminated 20% to 30% of the soluble SS activity from kernel extracts. Antiserum against the isozyme zSSI eliminated approximately 60% of the total soluble SS, and immunodepletion of dul- mutant extracts with this antiserum nearly eliminated SS activity. Two soluble SS activities were identified by electrophoretic fractionation, each of which correlated specifically with zSSI or DUI. Thus, DUI and zSSI accounted for the great majority of soluble SS activity present in developing endosperm. The relative activity of the two isozymes did not change significantly during the starch biosynthetic period. DUl and zSSI may be interdependent, because mutant extracts lacking DUl exhibited a significant stimulation of the remaining SS activity.
The Role of Immunoglobulin G in Neuromyelitis Optica (2010)

Discovery of the immunoglobulin G autoantibody involved in neuromyelitis optica (NMO-IgG) introduced the first clinically validated disease-specific
Micromachined needle arrays for drug delivery or fluid extraction (1999)

Micromachined needle arrays have been designed, fabricated, and characterized. The design includes arrays of 25 needles with fluid coupling channels and dual structural supports. Numerical modeling of fluid flow characteristics was performed, demonstrating that the needle coupling channels redistribute flow when the input or output ports are fully restricted. Micromachining technologies have been used to batch fabricate hollow metallic fluid coupled needle arrays. The significance of this work includes the development of the hollow metallic micromachined needle arrays for biomedical applications, as well as a discussion of structural, fluidic, and biological design considerations. The micromachined needle array has many advantages, including (a) reduced trauma at penetration site (small size), (b) greater freedom of patient movement (minimal penetration), (c) a practically pain-free drug delivery device (distribution of force), (d) precise control of penetration depth (needle extension length), and (e) they can be stacked and packaged into a 3-D device for fluid transfer.
Performance analysis of error propagation effects in the dfe for atsc dtv receivers (2003)

The paper analyzes the error propagation phenomenon in the decision feedback equalizer (DFE) for the receivers of Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) digital television (DTV) and presents the performance upper-limits of the DFE by comparing various error propagation cases and the no-error propagation case. As one approach to the performance limit, we consider a blind DFE, adopting a trellis decoder with a trace-back depth of 1 as a decision device. Through simulation, we show how much the DFE performance in ATSC DTV receivers is affected by error propagation. We found that while blind equalization is preferable to decision-directed (DD) equalization at signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values less than 18 dB, DD equalization is superior to blind equalization at SNR values greater than 18 dB. In addition, symbol error rate curves quantitatively show that the performance difference in the DFE caused by error propagation becomes clearer at the trellis decoder following the DFE. The analysis results presented are very informative for developing equalization algorithms for ATSC DTV receivers.
Tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of <scp>TA</scp>‐8995, a selective cholesteryl ester transfer protein (<scp>CETP</scp>) inhibitor, in healthy subjects (2014)

TA-8995 is a potent CETP inhibitor and warrants further investigation.
Three-Dimensional Morphology of the Distal Part of the Femur Viewed in Virtual Reality (2001)

Eckhoff, Donald G. MD; Dwyer, Thomas F. MD; Bach, Joel M. PhD; Spitzer, Victor M. PhD; Reinig, Karl D. PhD Author Information
Characterization of <i>sarR</i> , a Modulator of <i>sar</i> Expression in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (2001)

The expression of virulence determinants in Staphylococcus aureus is controlled by global regulatory loci (e.g., sar and agr). The sar locus is composed of three overlapping transcripts (sar P1, P3, and P2 transcripts from P1, P3, and P2 promoters, respectively), all encoding the 372-bp sarA gene. The level of SarA, the major regulatory protein, is partially controlled by the differential activation of sar promoters. We previously partially purified a approximately 12 kDa protein with a DNA-specific column containing a sar P2 promoter fragment. In this study, the putative gene, designated sarR, was identified and found to encode a 13.6-kDa protein with homology to SarA. Transcriptional and immunoblot studies revealed the sarR gene to be expressed in other staphylococcal strains. Recombinant SarR protein bound sar P1, P2, and P3 promoter fragments in gel shift and footprinting assays. A sarR mutant expressed a higher level of P1 transcript than the parent, as confirmed by promoter green fluorescent protein fusion assays. As the P1 transcript is the predominant sar transcript, we confirmed that the sarR mutant expressed more SarA than the parental strain. We thus proposed that SarR is a regulatory protein that binds to the sar promoters to down-regulate P1 transcription and the ensuing SarA protein expression.
Code compression for low power embedded system design (2000)

We propose instruction code compression as an efficient method for reducing power on an embedded system. Our approach is the first one to measure and optimize the power consumption of a complete SOC (System--On--a--Chip) comprising a CPU, instruction cache, data cache, main memory, data buses and address bus through code compression. We compare the pre-cache architecture (decompressor between main memory and cache) to a novel post-cache architecture (decompressor between cache and CPU). Our simulations and synthesis results show that our methodology results in large energy savings between 22% and 82% compared to the same system without code compression. Furthermore, we demonstrate that power savings come with reduced chip area and the same or even improved performance.
Fast low voltage ride-through of wind generation systems using supercapacitor based energy storage systems (2011)

Dynamic model of a wind generation system with a supercapacitor based energy storage system is developed. The supercapacitor system has been interfaced with the wind generation system through a STATCOM. Decoupled P-Q control of STATCOM is implemented by introducing suitable transformation on its injected current. The controller parameters are obtained through a search based optimization technique. The effectiveness of the STATCOM supercapacitor energy storage was examined for very low voltage situations. Simulation studies demonstrated that the STATCOM supercapacitor control can achieve significant withstand capability for reasonable low voltage duration. System transients are adequately suppressed and normal conditions are quickly restored.
Abstract 2361: Pim kinase inhibition alters mRNA splicing in AML cell lines (2017)

Abstract Oncogenic kinase activity is a common feature of nearly all cancers and kinases are major targets for therapeutic intervention. Pim kinases are deregulated in hematopoietic cancers including Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), as well as prostate cancer. While cancer cells can become dependent on Pim activity to sustain proliferation, in normal adult tissues, Pim kinase activity appears to be dispensable. These features make Pim kinases an attractive target for cancer therapy, however, their physiological roles have not been fully characterized. Using the reverse in-gel kinase assay (RIKA), we identified a battery of novel Pim substrates that are involved in mRNA splicing regulation. We hypothesized that Pim family kinases regulate mRNA splicing through phosphorylation of splicing factors. Microarray analysis revealed more than 10,000 splicing changes in AML cells treated with the highly selective small molecule Pim kinase inhibitor AZD1208. Using RT-PCR analysis, multiple AZD1208-induced splicing changes were validated. To discern the mechanisms whereby Pim kinases regulate splicing, we determined whether Pim inhibition alters phosphorylation of serine/arginine-rich (SR) proteins. Inhibition of serine arginine protein kinase (SRPK) activity using a small molecular inhibitor (SRPIN340) reduced SR protein phosphorylation, whereas Pim kinase inhibition did not, suggesting that Pim kinases regulate splicing through an SRPK independent pathway. Comparison of splicing changes in AZD1208 and SRPIN340 treated AML cells demonstrated distinct patterns, providing further evidence of SRPK-independent splicing regulation by Pim kinases. Biomarkers of kinase inhibitor efficacy are critical components of clinical trials. These data suggest that changes in mRNA splicing may serve as a biomarker for assessing patient responsiveness to Pim inhibition therapy. Citation Format: Tejashree A. Joglekar, Xiang Li, Charles J. Bieberich. Pim kinase inhibition alters mRNA splicing in AML cell lines [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2361. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-2361
Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Activity of Silver/Polystyrene Nanocomposite (2015)

A novel, nontoxic, simple, cost‐effective and ecofriendly technique was used to synthesize green silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The AgNPs were synthesized using orange peel extract as a reducing agent for silver nitrate salt (AgNO 3 ). The particle size distribution of AgNPs was determined by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). The average size of silver nanoparticles was 98.43 nm. The stable dispersion of silver nanoparticles was added slowly to polystyrene solution in toluene maintaining the temperature at 70°C. The AgNPs/polystyrene (PS) nanocomposite solution was cast in a petri dish. The silver nanoparticles encapsulated within polymer chains were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) equipped with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) in addition to Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The green AgNPs/PS nanocomposite film exhibited antimicrobial activity against Gram‐negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella , and Gram‐positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus . Thus, the key findings of the work include the use of a safe and simple AgNPs/PS nanocomposite which had a marked antibacterial activity which has a potential application in food packaging.
Inhibition of radiation-induced glioblastoma invasion by genetic and pharmacological targeting of MDA-9/Syntenin (2016)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an intractable tumor despite therapeutic advances, principally because of its invasive properties. Radiation is a staple in therapeutic regimens, although cells surviving radiation can become more aggressive and invasive. Subtraction hybridization identified melanoma differentiation-associated gene 9 [MDA-9/Syntenin; syndecan-binding protein (SDCBP)] as a differentially regulated gene associated with aggressive cancer phenotypes in melanoma. MDA-9/Syntenin, a highly conserved double-PDZ domain-containing scaffolding protein, is robustly expressed in human-derived GBM cell lines and patient samples, with expression increasing with tumor grade and correlating with shorter survival times and poorer response to radiotherapy. Knockdown of MDA-9/Syntenin sensitizes GBM cells to radiation, reducing postradiation invasion gains. Radiation induces Src and EGFRvIII signaling, which is abrogated through MDA-9/Syntenin down-regulation. A specific inhibitor of MDA-9/Syntenin activity, PDZ1i (113B7), identified through NMR-guided fragment-based drug design, inhibited MDA-9/Syntenin binding to EGFRvIII, which increased following radiation. Both genetic (shmda-9) and pharmacological (PDZ1i) targeting of MDA-9/Syntenin reduced invasion gains in GBM cells following radiation. Although not affecting normal astrocyte survival when combined with radiation, PDZ1i radiosensitized GBM cells. PDZ1i inhibited crucial GBM signaling involving FAK and mutant EGFR, EGFRvIII, and abrogated gains in secreted proteases, MMP-2 and MMP-9, following radiation. In an in vivo glioma model, PDZ1i resulted in smaller, less invasive tumors and enhanced survival. When combined with radiation, survival gains exceeded radiotherapy alone. MDA-9/Syntenin (SDCBP) provides a direct target for therapy of aggressive cancers such as GBM, and defined small-molecule inhibitors such as PDZ1i hold promise to advance targeted brain cancer therapy.
Ammonium sulfide passivation of Type-II InAs/GaSb superlattice photodiodes (2004)

We report on the surface passivation of Type-II InAs/GaSb superlattice photodetectors using various ammonium sulfide solutions. Compared to unpassivated detectors, zero-bias resistance of treated 400 μm×400 μm devices with 8 μm cutoff wavelength was improved by over an order of magnitude to ∼20 kΩ at 80 K. Reverse-bias dark current density was reduced by approximately two orders of magnitude to less than 10 mA/cm2 at −2 V. Dark current modeling, which takes into account trap-assisted tunneling, indicates greater than 70 times reduction in bulk trap density for passivated detectors.
Structural optimization of seawater desalination: I. A flexible superstructure and novel MED–MSF configurations (2014)

A methodology is proposed to identify improved thermal-based desalination structures. It is based on the notion of superstructure, allowing for the simultaneous representation of numerous feed, brine and vapor routing schemes. By adjusting the flow routings, the superstructure is capable of representing the common thermal desalination structures, as well as an extremely large number of alternate structures, some of which might exhibit advantageous behavior. The superstructure is built around a repeating unit which is a generalization of an effect in a multi-effect distillation system (MED) and a stage in a multi-stage flash system (MSF). The superstructure is proposed as an improved tool for the structural optimization of thermal desalination systems, whereby the optimal selection of components making up the final system, the optimal routing of the vapors as well as the optimal operating conditions are all variables simultaneously determined during the optimization problem. The proposed methodology is applicable to both stand-alone desalination plants and dual purpose (water and power) plants wherein the heat source to the desalination plant is fixed. It can be extended to also consider hybrid thermal–mechanical desalination structures, as well as dual purpose plants where the interface of power cycle and desalination is also optimized for.
<title>Hierarchical clustering algorithm for fast image retrieval</title> (1998)

Image retrieval systems, which compare the query image exhaustively with each individual image in the database, are not scalable to large databases. A scalable search system should ensure that the search time does not increase linearly with the number of images in the database. We present a clustering based indexing technique, where the images in the database are grouped into clusters of images, with similar color content using a hierarchical clustering algorithm. At search time, the query image is not compared with all the images in the database, but only with a small subset. Experiments show that this clustering-based approach offers a superior response time with high retrieval accuracy. Experiments with different database sizes indicate that for a given retrieval accuracy, the search time does not increase linearly with the database size.
Variable-Frequency Pulse Width Modulation Circuits for Resonant Wireless Power Transfer (2021)

In this paper, we develop a variable-frequency pulse width modulation (VFPWM) circuit for input control of 6.78-MHz resonant wireless power transfer (WPT) systems. The zero-voltage switching control relies on the adjustments of both duty cycle and switching frequency for the class-E amplifier used in the WPT as the power transmission unit. High-frequency pulse wave modulation integrated circuits exist, but some have insufficiently high frequency or unfavorable resolution for duty cycle tuning. The novelty of this work is the VFPWM circuit design that we put together. A voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) of radio frequency and capacitor-coupled difference amplifiers are used to simultaneously perform the frequency and duty cycle tuning required in resonant WPT applications. Different circuit topologies of VFPWM are compared analytically and numerically. The most favorable circuit topology, enabling independent control of the frequency and duty cycle, is employed in experiments. The experimental results demonstrate the validity of the novel VFPWM, which is capable of operating at 6.78-MHz and has a duty ratio adjustable from 20% to 45% of the range applicable in the resonant WPT applications.
Pulse dynamics in stretched-pulse fiber lasers (1995)

Stretched-pulse additive pulse mode-locked fiber lasers use fibers with opposite signs of group velocity dispersion to introduce large changes of pulse width per pass and avoid excessive nonlinearity. We have investigated these intracavity pulse dynamics. Optimal points for output coupling and for the placement of the artificial absorber element in the cavity are determined for a fiber ring laser. The dispersion balance is important for the generation of clean sub-100 fs pulses, but the net cavity length is found to be relatively uncritical.
LiveSketch: Query Perturbations for Guided Sketch-Based Visual Search (2019)

LiveSketch is a novel algorithm for searching large image collections using hand-sketched queries. LiveSketch tackles the inherent ambiguity of sketch search by creating visual suggestions that augment the query as it is drawn, making query specification an iterative rather than one-shot process that helps disambiguate users' search intent. Our technical contributions are: a triplet convnet architecture that incorporates an RNN based variational autoencoder to search for images using vector (stroke-based) queries; real-time clustering to identify likely search intents (and so, targets within the search embedding); and the use of backpropagation from those targets to perturb the input stroke sequence, so suggesting alterations to the query in order to guide the search. We show improvements in accuracy and time-to-task over contemporary baselines using a 67M image corpus.
Specifying OCL Constraints on Process Instantiations (2024)

Due to the variety of concerns affecting software development in large organisations, processes have to be adapted to project specific needs to be effectively applicable in individual projects. We describe a project aiming to provide tool support for this individualised instantiation of reference processes, based on an OCL-based specification of instantiation operations. The aim is not only to execute instantiation decisions made by humans but to automatically ensure correctness of the resulting process, potentially resulting in followup actions being executed or suggested.
Analysis and characterization of self-compensating current programmed a-Si:H active matrix organic light-emitting diode pixel circuits (2004)

The organic light-emitting diode (OLED) drive current provided by a simple 2 thin film transistor (TFT) hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) active matrix OLED (AMOLED) voltage programmed pixel circuit drops over time due to threshold voltage (VT) increase in the drive TFT. VT shift compensating current programmed 4-TFT circuits have been developed to overcome this problem and to keep the drive current constant, thereby prolonging the life of the display. In this article, we present a thorough analysis of the static and dynamic operation of such circuits and derive theoretical limits for the extent of compensation. Measurement results of circuit characteristics and stability are presented which demonstrate that it is feasible to use a-Si:H for AMOLED back planes. The advantages and drawbacks of current programmed circuits are also outlined from the perspective of active matrix back-plane design.
Improved Antitumor Activity by Modification of Nogalamycin (1979)

Nogalamycin, an antitumor antibiotic, has been converted to a series of analogs by removal of the carbomethoxy group at C-10 and replacement of the neutral sugar at C-7 by other groups. Removal of the carbomethoxy group to give disnogamycin (6) followed by acidic alcoholysis gave pairs of isomeric 7-alkoxy compounds differing in configuration at C-7. Treatment of 6 with trifluoroacetic acid followed by nucleophiles gave a series of analogs having substituents at C-7 with a configuration at C-7 opposite to that of nogalamycin. Among the analogs prepared, 7-con-O-methylnogarol (7) is a highly active antitumor agent.