gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of a Novel α1,2-Fucosyltransferase of <i>Escherichia coli</i> O128:B12 and Functional Investigation of Its Common Motif (2007)

The wbsJ gene from Escherichia coli O128:B12 encodes an alpha1,2-fucosyltransferase responsible for adding a fucose onto the galactose residue of the O-antigen repeating unit via an alpha1,2 linkage. The wbsJ gene was overexpressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) as a fusion protein with glutathione S-transferase (GST) at its N-terminus. GST-WbsJ fusion protein was purified to homogeneity via GST affinity chromatography followed by size exclusion chromatography. The enzyme showed broad acceptor specificity with Galbeta1,3GalNAc (T antigen), Galbeta1,4Man and Galbeta1,4Glc (lactose) being better acceptors than Galbeta-O-Me and galactose. Galbeta1,4Fru (lactulose), a natural sugar, was furthermore found to be the best acceptor for GST-WbsJ with a reaction rate four times faster than that of lactose. Kinetic studies showed that GST-WbsJ has a higher affinity for lactose than lactulose with apparent Km values of 7.81 mM and 13.26 mM, respectively. However, the kcat/appKm value of lactose (6.36 M(-1) x min(-1)) is two times lower than that of lactulose (13.39 M(-1) x min(-1)). In addition, the alpha1,2-fucosyltransferase activity of GST-WbsJ was found to be independent of divalent metal ions such as Mn2+ or Mg2+. This activity was competitively inhibited by GDP with a Ki value of 1.41 mM. Site-directed mutagenesis and a GDP-bead binding assay were also performed to investigate the functions of the highly conserved motif H152xR154R155xD157. In contrast to alpha1,6-fucosyltransferases, none of the mutants of WbsJ within this motif exhibited a complete loss of enzyme activity. However, residues R154 and D157 were found to play critical roles in donor binding and enzyme activity. The results suggest that the common motif shared by both alpha1,2-fucosyltransferases and alpha1,6-fucosyltransferases have similar functions. Enzymatic synthesis of fucosylated sugars in milligram scale was successfully performed using Galbeta-O-Me and Galbeta1,4Glcbeta-N3 as acceptors.
Gas permeation properties of poly(ether imide) segmented copolymers (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGas permeation properties of poly(ether imide) segmented copolymersKen-ichi Okamoto, Masafumi Fuji, Shuusaku Okamyo, Hajime Suzuki, Kazuhiro Tanaka, and Hidetoshi KitaCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 20, 6950–6956Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00124a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00124a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views998Altmetric-Citations174LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Optimum Design of Thin Film Transistors by Dynamic Characteristics Measurement (1990)

By measuring the voltage from the source electrode of the TEG-TFTs, the dynamic characteristics of TFT-LCDs have been analysed. It was clearly determined that the V rms decrement depends on the increase in the delay time of the gate signal. Under the H-reversed half-line driving method, both the time lag between the drain and the gate signal and the size of TFTs were both optimized. We were able to obtain these results on the condition that τ delay was equal to 1/3 of the on-time of the gate signal.
Completion Optimization Provides Step Changes in Horizontal Well Performance in the Oooguruk Field, Alaska (2017)

Summary The Oooguruk Unit is on a man-made gravel island in the Beaufort Sea, five miles offshore the Alaskan North Slope (ANS) in Harrison Bay. The field produces from the Kuparuk, Torok, and Nuiqsut reservoirs. The focus of this paper is the Nuiqsut sandstone, which is currently undergoing water and lean-gas injection for secondary recovery. The wells are completed as 6,000- to 7,000-ft horizontal laterals aligned parallel with the preferred fracture orientation in a line-drive waterflood pattern. Recent optimizations in mechanical-diversion fracturing in these laterals have provided significant improvements in production rates, including several recent wells with initial production of more than 7,000 BOPD. This paper will document the completion and fracturing-design evolution over several vintages of wells, as well as the use of preinstalled tracer systems to verify production uniformity and diversion success. The reservoir ranges in thickness from 60 to 120 ft and is divided into several producing sand and shale intervals. The initial phase (I) of completions planned for this reservoir was to use 8,000-ft-long undulating openhole horizontal laterals. However, these were quickly abandoned after the first well collapsed in a shale section. The second phase (II) used undulating wellbores for producing wells, but were completed with preperforated pups spaced evenly throughout the uncemented liner in the horizontal section. These wells were also stimulated with dynamic-diversion fracturing treatments that used ball sealers. Because of the logistical difficulties and expense in fracturing operations on a gravel island in the Beaufort Sea, two wells were also completed during this phase as unfractured dual-laterals, but resulted in productivity similar to dynamic diversion fracturing in one well and significantly less in the second well. During these phases of increased well productivity, modifications were required to increase waterflood well injectivity, which was accomplished by implementing a system of high-pressure breakdown (HPBD) stimulations, as well as fully mechanical diversion-fracture treatments. These changes in injection-well completions will also be described in the paper. Phase II wells resulted in production improvements of nearly 100% over the Phase I completions. This led to the third phase of development, which used mechanical-diversion techniques, implemented in relatively flat horizontal laterals. This completion type allowed mechanical-diversion fracturing treatments that placed more than three times the low-density ceramic (LDC) proppant and generated wells with initial production of more than 7,000 BOPD (an additional 100% increase over Phase II completions). All future producing wells are now planned to be completed with mechanical-diversion equipment. The completion-optimization evolution described in this paper will be useful to completion and development engineers of other conventional reservoirs, and the lessons learned are already being successfully applied to another nearby ANS development.
Protection is a software issue (2002)

Modern operating systems are strongly dependent on software mechanisms to protect system resources from users. This is true despite the fact that the promoters of these systems imply that their reliability and integrity derive solely from the use of a core set of protected hardware mechanisms, such as address spaces and protected supervisor mode. While typical microprocessors provide cheap and effective hardware mechanisms to protect the load word/store word interface, operating systems are forced to abstract and virtualize this interface to export a far richer set, of resources such as files, sockets, threads, and consoles. The access semantics for these resources are almost always protected by software checks and not hardware. Processor architectures simply do not provide enough fine-grained control over access to shared system resources to ensure that a program only accesses the resources to which it is allowed. Our position is that software protection mechanisms are not only necessary, but have inherent advantages over hardware for enforcing the protection requirements of an operating system. Software is flexible, explicit, precise, and in many cases, open to incredible optimizations. By contrast, hardware mechanisms are rigid, implicit, imprecise, and unoptimizable.
An optimized SEC-SAXS system enabling high X-ray dose for rapid SAXS assessment with correlated UV measurements for biomolecular structure analysis (2018)

A new optimized size exclusion chromatography small-angle X-ray scattering (SEC-SAXS) system for biomolecular SAXS at the Australian Synchrotron SAXS/WAXS beamline has been developed. The compact configuration reduces sample dilution to maximize sensitivity. Coflow sample presentation allows an 11-fold increase in flux on sample without capillary fouling, improving throughput and data quality, which are now primarily limited by the full flux available on the beamline. Multi-wavelength fibre optic UV analysis in close proximity to the X-ray beam allows for accurate concentration determination for samples with known UV extinction coefficients and thus estimation of the molecular weight of the scattering particle from the forward X-ray scattering intensity. Fast-flow low-volume SEC columns provide sample throughput competitive with batch concentration series measurements, albeit with a concomitant reduction of potential resolution relative to lower flow rates and larger SEC columns. The performance of the system is demonstrated using a set of model proteins, and its utility to solve various challenges is illustrated with a diverse suite of protein samples. These developments increase the quality and rigor of SEC-SAXS analysis and open new avenues for biomolecular solution SEC-SAXS studies that have been challenged by low sample yields, temporal instability, radiation sensitivity and complex mixtures.
Dengue virus infection: predictors for severe dengue. (2011)

Dengue virus (DENV) infection is a mosquito born disease that is endemic in all WHO regions, except European region, and may present a broad range of severity. It may appear as an asymptomatic condition, dengue fever (DF), or life threatening forms, such as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS), or the currently defined severe dengue. Currently there are means to diagnose DENV infection, but there is no accurate means to early predict the progress into severe manifestations. Therefore, this article addresses the factors that might be used to predict the progress into severe dengue. Predictors for severe dengue are the previously established warning signs, and coexisting conditions, as is recommended by the WHO, in addition to Caucasian race, and people with AB blood group. In the future, viral load assessment, viral serotype testing, NS1, cytokine, elastase, hyaluronan, soluble thrombomodulin, and NO level, and circulating endothelial cell detection test are promising to be studied and developed as early predictors of severe dengue.
From Learning Literature to Online Holistic Education (2021)

This study utilizes the literature education section of an online holistic environment to: (1) develop a literature education survey based on Miller’s (2007) theory of holistic education, (2) explore the effect of students’ holistic learning through online literature immersion, and (3) inquire about students’ holistic development through literature appreciation. Eight hundred twenty two college students were involved in the online literature-related activities. With qualitative and quantitative data collection, the study analyzes online literature and poetry, interactive feedback and reflection, and a survey questionnaire. The study’s content analysis discovers how students’ literature works are distributed into Miller’s three principles of holistic education and their extensive subthemes. Confirmatory factor analysis results suggest the survey instrument captured e-HO’s literature education module’s holistic impact. The discussion and limitations for online literature education from a holistic education perspective are also provided to guide future research
Speaker gender identification based on combining linear and nonlinear features (2008)

Automatic speaker gender identification based on the speech feature has important application in the audio processing and analysis field. In order to overcome the conventional linear parameters in the speaker feature lack of gender characteristics, in this paper, nonlinear parameters such as the fractal dimension and fractal complexity as feature space effective compensations are presented. Firstly, use lifting scheme to extract pitch; Then extract the speech fractal dimension; Finally, according Takens theorem, time delay method is used to reconstruct phase space of fractal dimension sequence, fractal dimension complexity is obtained by calculating Approximate Entropy. Three dimension feature vectors constructed by the pitch, the fractal dimension and the fractal dimension complexity are applied to speaker gender identification. Results show as the identification system based on the new method introduces the non-linear parameters, its accuracy and stability are effectively improved compared with the traditional linear method identification systems. The new nonlinear method provides new ideas for speaker gender identification of a new line of thought.
Real-time atmospheric compensation by stimulated Brillouin-scattering phase conjugation (1995)

We report the first demonstration to our knowledge of atmospheric compensation at extended ranges by stimulated Brillouin-scattering phase conjugation. With a field-of-view aperture product of 175 mm mrad, we studied horizontal ranges up to 6 km at a 2.5-m height above ground, with the refractive-index structure parameter Cn2 as large as 10−13 m−2/3. Compensation was achieved at all ranges, consistent with the turbulence-resolution capability of the 10-cm system aperture. The system was driven by frequency-doubled Nd:YAG lasers operating with ~10-ns pulses that were Raman shifted in gaseous hydrogen to the 683-nm operating wavelength. Raman amplification overcame as much as 85 dB of range and internal losses.
Leukemia Inhibitor Factor (LIF) Inhibits HIV-1 Replication Via Restriction of Stat 3 Activation (2007)

Leukemia inhibitor factor (LIF) has been shown to potently inhibit HIV-1 replication in vitro and in human organ explant cultures. Furthermore, LIF activates the Jak/Stat signaling pathway with which many viruses, including HIV-1, interfere. We used CXCR4 and the LIF signaling receptor (gp130)-expressing cMAGI cells transfected with CD4, CCR5, and HIV-LTR-beta-galactosidase as a model system to investigate the potential involvement of Stat proteins in the anti-HIV-1 effect of LIF. Pretreatment with recombinant human (rh)LIF resulted in a significantly reduced uptake of HIV-1(BaL) , HIV-1(LAI), and SIVmac251 viral particles without affecting uptake of murine leukemia retroviral particles. HIV-1(BaL), HIV-1(LAI), as well as rhLIF selectively induced phosphorylation of Stat 3 but not Stat 1 or Stat 5. However, treatment of cMAGI cells with rhLIF prior to HIV-1 infection downregulated the HIV-1-mediated Stat 3 phosphorylation. In addition, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) transfected with Stat 3 siRNA prior to HIV-1(LAI) or HIV-1(BaL) infection produced significantly less HIV-1 p24 antigen as compared to nontransfected HIV-1(LAI) and HIV-1(BaL)-infected PBMCs. Thus, the Jak/Stat signaling pathway is important for the HIV-1 replication life cycle and rhLIF excerts its anti-HIV-1 activity by disrupting this signaling cascade.
IL-33, a Potent Inducer of Adaptive Immunity to Intestinal Nematodes (2008)

IL-33 (IL-1F11) binds ST2 (IL-1R4), both of which are associated with optimal CD4(+) Th2 polarization. Exogenous IL-33 drives induction of Th2-associated cytokines and associated pathological changes within the gut mucosa. Th2 polarization is also a prerequisite to expulsion of the intestinal-dwelling nematode Trichuris muris. In this study, we demonstrate that IL-33 mRNA is expressed early during parasite infection and susceptible mice can be induced to expel the parasite by a regime of exogenous IL-33 administration. IL-33 prevents an inappropriate parasite-specific Th1-polarized response and induces IL-4, IL-9, and IL-13. This redirection requires the presence of T cells and must occur at the initiation of the response to the pathogen. Interestingly, exogenous IL-33 also induced thymic stromal lymphopoietin mRNA within the infected caecum, an epithelial cell-restricted cytokine essential for the generation of Th2-driven parasite immunity. IL-33 also acts independently of T cells, altering intestinal pathology in chronically infected SCID mice, leading to an increased crypt length and intestinal epithelial cell proliferation, but reducing goblet cell hyperplasia. Thus, the ability of IL-33 to induce Th2 responses has functional relevance in the context of intestinal helminth infection, particularly during the initiation of the response.
Flammability (2005)

Abstract This article provides an overview of polymer flammability from a materials seience perspective and describes currently accepted test methods to quantify burning behavior. Simplifying assumptions about the gas and condensed phase processes of flaming combustion provide mathematical relationships between polymer properties, chemical structure, flame resistance, and fire behavior.
Review of Medicinal Plants for Anti-Obesity Activity (2015)

Obesity is a complex health issue to address, it is a serious and chronic disease that can have a negative effect on many systems in your body. Overweight and obesity may increase the risk of many health problems, including diabetes, heart disease, osteoarthritis and certain cancers. Obesity is increasing at an alarming rate throughout the world. Today it is estimated that there are more than 300 million obese people world-wide. Obesity is regarded as a disorder of lipid metabolism and the enzymes involved in this process could be targeted selectively for the development of antiobesity drugs. However, most of the anti-obesity drugs that were approved and marketed have now been withdrawn due to serious adverse effects. The naturopathic treatment for obesity has been explored extensively since ancient times and gaining momentum in the present scenario. Traditional medicinal plants and their active phytoconstituents have been used for the treatment of obesity and their associated secondary complications. Some active medicinal plants and their respective bioactive compounds were also tested by clinical trials and are effective in traemnet of obesity. This review focus on natural phytoextracts with their mechanism of action and their preclinical experimental model for further scientific research.
Designing of Glass‐Free <scp>LTCC</scp> Microwave Ceramic‐ <scp> <scp> Ca <sub> 1− <i>x</i> </sub> (Li <sub>0.5</sub> Nd <sub>0.5</sub> ) <sub> <i>x</i> </sub> WO <sub>4</sub> </scp> </scp> by Crystal Chemistry (2011)

Designing guidelines for glass‐free low‐temperature cofired ceramic ( LTCC ) materials were proposed from the point of view of crystal chemistry. As an example, Ca 1− x (Nd 0.5 Li 0.5 ) x WO 4 was successfully designed as glass‐free LTCC materials by crystal chemistry. The sintering behavior, microstructure, and microwave dielectric properties of Ca 1− x (Nd 0.5 Li 0.5 ) x WO 4 ceramics were investigated in this study. The structure and microstructure of the compounds were investigated by X ‐ray powder diffraction ( XRD ) and scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ). The microwave dielectric properties of the ceramics were studied with a network analyzer at the frequency of about 9–13 GHz. Continuous solid solutions Ca 1− x (La 0.5 Na 0.5 ) x WO 4 (0.1 ≤ x ≤0.5) were formed as expected in the experimented composition range. They could be sintered into dense ceramics (approximately 96%–98% theoretical density) at 825°C–875°C per 2 h. All samples exhibit Scheelite structure (I4 1 /a) phase. Both of the sintering temperature and microwave dielectric properties, especially the temperature coefficient of resonant frequency ( τ f ), could be tuned in a wide range. Combined excellent microwave dielectric properties with ε r = 11.7, Q × f = 36 700 GHz, and τ f = 5.36 ppm/°C could be obtained for the x = 0.2 composition after sintering at 825°C/2 h. The chemical compatibility of Ca 0.8 (Nd 0.5 Li 0.5 ) 0.2 WO 4 ceramic with silver ( Ag ) powders was also investigated. No chemical reaction has taken place between the matrix phase and Ag after sintering at 850°C/2 h. Thus, it can be used as a promising glass‐free microwave dielectric material for LTCC applications.
Plane-Wave Generators: Design Guidelines, Achievable Performances and Effective Synthesis (2012)

The aim of this paper is to investigate the main aspects of the synthesis of plane wave generators (PWGs) i.e., arrays capable of emulating a plane wave, or a superposition of plane waves, in a given region. In particular, we introduce new figures of merit, particularly suitable for PWG synthesis procedures, and simple guidelines regarding size and shape of the PWG, as well as the number of radiating sources needed to synthesize the required plane waves. The performance limits of a PWG are analyzed, in terms of indexes related to the stability of the solution and to the level of the field amplitude on the lateral walls of the anechoic chamber in which the PWG is placed. Finally we present a synthesis method for PWGs, based on a planar sparse array architecture. Starting from the previously achieved results, a novel effective synthesis procedure is introduced. By means of such a procedure we are also able to take explicitly into account the mechanical and electrical tolerances in the PWG realization. In such a way we can assure the best performances, given the unavoidable errors in the positioning and excitation of the radiating elements.
Wheat Mitochondrial Proteomes Provide New Links between Antioxidant Defense and Plant Salinity Tolerance (2010)

The mitochondrial proteome and differences associated with salt tolerance have been investigated in Australian commercial varieties of wheat. Mitochondria isolated from shoots were used to generate a wheat mitochondrial reference map; 68 unique wheat mitochondrial proteins were identified from 192 gel spots using 2D PAGE and LC-MS/MS. This analysis also provided MS/MS spectra for 199 proteotypic peptides as a foundation for the development of targeted proteomics to study the respiratory apparatus in wheat. Using this reference map and 2D DIGE, we have found quantitative differences in the shoot mitochondrial proteomes of v. Wyalkatchem and v. Janz, two commercially important wheat varieties that are known from a range of experiments to differ in salinity tolerance. These proteins included Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), cysteine synthase, nucleotide diphosphate kinase, and the voltage dependent anion channel (VDAC). Antibodies to the mitochondrial alternative oxidase (AOX), previously linked to reduced ROS formation from the electron transport chain and salt tolerance in Arabidopsis, also showed a commensurate higher abundance in v. Wyakatchem in both control and salt-treated conditions. Together, the data presented here suggest that differences in mitochondrial ROS defense pathways in the mitochondrial proteomes of key Australian wheat varieties correlate with whole-plant salinity tolerance.