gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automated anomaly detection and root cause analysis in virtualized cloud infrastructures (2016)

Cloud data centers today use visualization technologies to facilitate allocation of physical resources to multiple applications. As cloud data centers continue to grow in scale and complexity, effectively monitoring and identifying system anomalies is becoming a critical problem. Furthermore, due to complex dependencies between system components in a virtualized data center, a single cause of anomaly can typically trigger multiple alarms. Therefore there is also a need to efficiently analyze and identify the causes of the anomalies in a scalable and effective manner, in order to reduce the overhead of diagnosis and troubleshooting performed by the cloud operator. Motivated by these observations, we present a mechanism for automatic anomaly detection and root cause analysis in virtualized cloud data centers. We first use unsupervised learning techniques to identify abnormal system behaviors, and then propose a technique for root cause analysis with consideration to anomaly propagation among system components. Using a real virtualized cloud testbed, we show that our mechanism efficiently identifies system anomalies and accurately determines their causes.
Coaxial injector spray characterization using water/air as simulants (1991)

Quantitative information about the atomization of injector sprays is required to improve the accuracy of computational models that predict the performance and stability of liquid propellant rocket engines. An experimental program is being conducted at NASA-Lewis to measure the drop size and velocity distributions in shear coaxial injector sprays. A phase/Doppler interferometer is used to obtain drop size data in water air shear coaxial injector sprays. Droplet sizes and axial component of droplet velocities are measured at different radii for various combinations of water flow rate, air flow rate, injector liquid jet diameter, injector annular gap, and liquid post recess. Sauter mean diameters measured in the spray center 51 mm downstream of the liquid post tip range from 28 to 68 microns, and mean axial drop velocities at the same location range from 37 to 120 m/s. The shear coaxial injector sprays show a high degree of symmetry; the mean drop size and velocity profiles vary with liquid flow rate, post recess, and distance from the injector face. The drop size data can be used to estimate liquid oxygen/hydrogen spray drop sizes by correcting property differences between water-air and liquid oxygen/hydrogen.
Numerical Determination of the Topological Properties of the Electronic Charge Density in Molecules and Solids Using Density Functional Theory (1997)

A numerical method to analyze the topology of the electronic density regardless of how it was obtained (analytically or numerically) was implemented for the Extreme 94 program. The method allows the study of a complex system by density functional theory where the electronic correlation is important, regardless of the kind of basis set used, and allows the analysis of the resulting charge density with the topological theory of Bader.
Inhibition of in vitro lymphocyte blastogenesis by inhibitor produced by cultured human lymphoblasts. (1974)

Normal human lymphoblastoid cell lines, growing in continuous suspension culture, produce inhibitors of in vitro lymphocyte blastogenesis. The inhibitor reduces human lymphocyte blastogenic responses to phytohaemagglutinin, streptolysin-O and the mixed lymphocyte culture 90–99%, is non-cytotoxic and can inhibit both newly initiated and on-going responses. The inhibitor is heat-stable at 80°C but labile at 100°C, non-dialysable and degraded by pronase but not DNase or RNase. It is species- and tissue-specific and does not inhibit the proliferation of mouse lymphocytes, human melanoma cells or human bone marrow in vitro colony-forming cells. Inhibitor was produced only under very specific conditions of crowding. Thus, maximal inhibitor production occurred at 5 × 10(6) lymphocytes per cm(2) culture surface area while only 0–5% of the maximal amount was produced at 10(6) or 5 × 10(7) lymphoblasts per cm(2). This data is relevant to the nature of feedback control of immunological reactions and may guide the development of new classes of immunosuppressants.
Levels of Circulating miR-133a Are Elevated in Sepsis and Predict Mortality in Critically Ill Patients (2014)

miR-133a serum levels were significantly elevated in critical illness and sepsis. High miR-133a levels were associated with the severity of disease and predicted an unfavorable outcome of critically ill patients.
The design and analysis of a cache architecture for texture mapping (1997)

The effectiveness of texture mapping in enhancing the realism of computer generated imagery has made support for real-time texture mapping a critical part of graphics pipelines. Despite a recent surge in interest in three-dimensional graphics from computer architects, high-quality high-speed texture mapping has so far been confined to costly hardware systems that use brute-force techniques to achieve high performance. One obstacle faced by designers of texture mapping systems is the requirement of extremely high bandwidth to texture memory. High bandwidth is necessary since there are typically tens to hundreds of millions of accesses to texture memory per second. In addition, to achieve the high clock rates required in graphics pipelines, low-latency access to texture memory is needed. In this paper, we propose the use of texture image caches to alleviate the above bottlenecks, and evaluate various tradeoffs that arise in such designs.
Machine Health Monitoring and Life Management Using Finite Element Based Neural Networks (1995)

This paper demonstrates a novel approach to condition-based, health monitoring for rotating machinery using recent advances in neural network technology and rotordynamic, finite-element modeling. A desktop rotor demonstration rig was used as a proof of concept tool. The approach integrates machinery sensor measurements with detailed, rotordynamic, finite-element models through a neural network which is specifically trained to respond to the machine being monitored. The advantage of this approach over current methods lies in the use of an advanced neural network. The neural network is trained to contain the knowledge of a detailed finite-element model whose results are integrated with system measurements to produce accurate machine fault diagnostics and component stress predictions. This technique takes advantage of recent advances in neural network technology that enable real-time machinery diagnostics and component stress prediction to be performed on a PC with the accuracy of finite-element analysis. The availability of the real-time, finite-element based knowledge on rotating elements allows for real-time component life prediction as well as accurate and fast fault diagnosis.
A soft and conductive PDMS-PEG block copolymer as a compliant electrode for dielectric elastomers (2015)

Conductive PDMS-PEG block copolymers (Mn = 3 – 5 kg/mol) were chain-extended (Mn = 30 – 45 kg/mol) using hydrosilylation reaction as presented in figure 1. Subsequently, the extended copolymers were added to a conductive nano-filler (multi-walled carbon nanotubes – MWCNTs) in order to enhance conductivity. The combination of soft chainextended PDMS-PEG block copolymers and conductive MWCNTs results in a soft and conductive block copolymer composite which potentially can be used as a compliant and highly stretchable electrode for dielectric elastomers. The addition of MWCNTs into the PDMS-PEG matrix not only increases the conductivity, but also increases mechanical strength by reinforcing the network1. However, incorporating MWCNTs into the PDMS-PEG matrix is challenging due to strong van der Waals forces between the MWCNTs2. In the present study, MWCNTs were dispersed in organic solvent (N-methyl pyrrolidinone) with 1 wt% of surfactant (Triton X-100). The dispersion of MWCNTs in PDMS-PEG systemis shown in figure 2 where MWCNTs (dark areas) are well-distributed in the system indicating an acceptable dispersional though some big clusters appear in the optical microscope image. The conductivity of 4 phr MWCNTs is 10-3 S/cm compared to 10-1 S/cm of a non-stretchable reference conducting silicone elastomer (LR3162 from Wacker). Furthermore, PDMS-PEG block copolymer with 4 phr MWCNTs (Young’s modulus, Y = 0.26 MPa) is softer and more stretchable thanLR3162 (Y = 1.17 MPa).
Technology impact analysis for 3D TCAM (2009)

In our previous work, 3D TCAMs were designed and evaluated with different 3D partitioning schemes showing that a 40% reduction in matchline interconnect capacitance, 21% power reduction, and 25% reduction in precharge time is achieved in TCAM memory array in 3-tier design based on MIT Lincoln Labs 3D IC process compared to a single-tier design. In this paper, we expand the exploration of the 3D TCAM design in various 3D IC technologies to show how the variations of technology parameters impact the benefits of 3D IC on TCAM. The impact of technology parameters including the number of wafer stacks, 3D via size, metal extension for 3D via alignment, and 3D via deposition order is evaluated in terms of interconnect capacitance and resistance in 3D TCAM designs.
A systematic approach to signal space detection (1997)

A general procedure is developed to implement the fixed delay tree search (FDTS) detector in the multi-dimensional signal space. The procedure systematically finds a required set of hyperplanes that divide the entire space into different decision regions. A Boolean mapping function is also analytically determined which generates a final binary decision from several intermediate binary variables that indicate the position of the observation vector relative to given hyperplanes. The proposed technique is demonstrated on a (1+D)/sup 2/ partial response channel driven by the (1,k)-coded input.
Characterization of duck H5N1 influenza viruses with differing pathogenicity in mallard (<i>Anas platyrhynchos</i>) ducks (2009)

A number of H5N1 influenza outbreaks have occurred in aquatic birds in Asia. As aquatic birds are the natural reservoir of influenza A viruses and do not usually show clinical disease upon infection, the repeated H5N1 outbreaks have highlighted the importance of continuous surveillance on H5N1 viruses in aquatic birds. In the present study we characterized the biological properties of four H5N1 avian influenza viruses, which had been isolated from ducks, in different animal models. In specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens, all four isolates were highly pathogenic. In SPF mice, the S and Y isolates were moderately pathogenic. However, in mallard ducks, two isolates had low pathogenicity, while the other two were highly pathogenic and caused lethal infection. A representative isolate with high pathogenicity in ducks caused systemic infection and replicated effectively in all 10 organs tested in challenged ducks, whereas a representative isolate with low pathogenicity in ducks was only detected in some organs in a few challenged ducks. Comparison of complete genomic sequences from the four isolates showed that the same amino acid residues that have been reported to be associated with virulence and host adaption/restriction of influenza viruses were present in the PB2, HA, NA, M and NS genes, while the amino acid residues at the HA cleavage site were diverse. From these results it appeared that the virulence of H5N1 avian influenza viruses was increased for ducks and that amino acid substitutions at the HA cleavage site might have contributed to the differing pathogenicity of these isolates in mallards. A procedure for the intravenous pathogenicity index test in a mallard model for assessing the virulence of H5/H7 subtype avian influenza viruses in waterfowl is described.
Introducing a silicon carbide inverter for hybrid electric vehicles (2008)

This paper presents a power converter that can be used in hybrid electric vehicle applications. The unique characteristic of this converter is that it is based on silicon carbide (SiC) semiconductors. It is intended for a belt driven alternator and starter (BAS), a design suggested by general motors, in a mild hybrid car. SiC is an innovative technology that seems to have many advantages compared to the silicon that is commonly used today. It is believed that it is going to replace silicon in many applications. The idea to use SiC for a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) application was born when trying to reduce the size, weight and cost and therefore increase the power density of vehicle's electronics. The proposed design focuses on the different functions of a BAS and the converter's behavior in each case. A hybrid vehicle is simulated, functioning accordingly to the BAS design and the power flow over the power semiconductor devices is calculated. The aim of this work is to estimate the converter's losses over a standard driving cycle and decide if it is possible then to use the combustion engine's cooling system to cool the semiconductors as well, something obviously impossible when working with silicon semiconductors, as an internal combustion engine (ICE) operates in higher temperatures than silicon can stand.
Theoretical modeling of a circular piezoelectric actuator for micro-systems (2010)

based on the classical laminated plate theory and the piezoelectric plate and shell theory, this paper presents an analytical analysis of a circular piezoelectric actuator used in micro-systems. The actuator consists of four layers: piezoelectric ceramic, metal, electrodes and epoxy resin. Each layer has different dimensions, material properties and initial stress. For the simply supported boundary conditions, equations for the calculation of first-order resonance frequency and dynamic displacement of structure are derived by Rayleigh-Ritz method. A circular piezoelectric composite plate with elastic support is considered, and the results obtained from equations are consistent with the results from Finite Element simulation. The consistency of theoretical and simulation results validated the correctness and the validity of theoretical model. For various dimensions and material parameters, this analytical model can be used to predict the change of resonance frequency and dynamic displacement of the actuator. The analytical solution presented in this paper is significant for the optimization of piezoelectric actuator used in piezoelectric transducers
Vimentin and desmin possess GlcNAc-binding lectin-like properties on cell surfaces (2010)

Vimentin and desmin are intermediate filament proteins found in various mesenchymal and skeletal muscle cells, respectively. These proteins play an important role in the stabilization of the cytoplasmic architecture. Here, we found, using artificial biomimicking glycopolymers, that vimentin and desmin possess N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)-binding lectin-like properties on the cell surfaces of various vimentin- and desmin-expressing cells such as cardiomyocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. The rod II domain of these proteins was demonstrated to be localized to the cell surface and to directly bind to the artificial biomimicking GlcNAc-bearing polymer, by confocal laser microscopy and surface plasmon resonance analysis. These glycopolymers strongly interact with lectins and are useful tools for the analysis of lectin-carbohydrate interactions, since glycopolymers binding to lectins can induce the clustering of lectins due to multivalent glycoside ligand binding. Moreover, immunocytochemistry and pull-down assay with His-tagged vimentin-rod II domain protein showed that the vimentin-rod II domain interacts with O-GlcNAc proteins. These results suggest that O-GlcNAc proteins might be one candidate for physiological GlcNAc-bearing ligands with which vimentin and desmin interact. These findings demonstrate a novel function of vimentin and desmin that does not involve stabilization of the cytoplasmic architecture by which these proteins interact with physiological GlcNAc-bearing ligands such as O-GlcNAc proteins on the cell surface through their GlcNAc-binding lectin-like properties.
Proteoglycans of bovine articular cartilage. Studies of the direct interaction of link protein with hyaluronate in the absence of proteoglycan monomer. (1988)

When link protein binds to hyaluronate in the absence of proteoglycan monomer a high molecular weight complex is formed. Two assay procedures have been developed to examine the formation of the complex and the rate and stoichiometry of binding of link protein to hyaluronate in the complex. In the first, the complex is isolated by differential centrifugation, and the stoichiometry of binding of link protein to hyaluronate in the sedimented complex is determined. In the second assay, which involves turbidimetry, the rate of complex formation (delta A420/min) is determined, and the amount of complex formed is determined in terms of the maximum turbidity (A420,max) attained. The effects of temperature, pH, initial total solute concentration, and the ratio by weight of link protein to hyaluronate on the amount of complex formed and on the rate of complex formation were examined. There is a linear correlation between the amount of complex formed as determined by turbidity and by differential centrifugation. Using these assays, we examined the specificity of the binding of link protein to hyaluronate and the capacity of hyaluronate oligosaccharides to competitively inhibit the binding of link protein to hyaluronate. Hyaluronate decasaccharide is the oligosaccharide of minimum size that strongly inhibits the binding of link protein to hyaluronate. Proteoglycan monomers dissociate from hyaluronate as the pH is decreased from pH 7 to pH 5. Turbidimetric studies show that the rate of binding of link protein to hyaluronate increases with decreasing pH. The binding affinity of proteoglycan monomers for hyaluronate is decreased at pH 5, whereas the binding affinity of link protein for hyaluronate is not. This difference in the effect of pH on the stability of binding of link protein to hyaluronate, compared with proteoglycan monomer, explains in part the capacity of link protein to stabilize the binding of proteoglycan monomer to hyaluronate at pH 5.
Efficient beam shaping for highpower laser applications (2007)

Abstract High‐power laser sources are used in many applications for material processing, like annealing, welding, soldering, printing and micro‐machining. Additionally, they are widely used as illumination sources for metrology – e.g. LIDAR – and vision systems based on CCD cameras. In many of these applications homogeneous top‐hat, square, or rectangular light fields as well as light lines are indispensable or add strong advantages to the application. Based on computer‐aided design it is possible to manufacture high‐precision microlens arrays with free programmable surfaces today. Thus, specific beam profiles with superior uniformity and efficiency can be generated. Compact beam shaper modules with prealigned optics have been developed. High‐power diode laser systems for the NIR spectral region from 1 W to several KW are available with application‐specific beam shapes due to integrated micro‐optics. Special attention is put on compact and solid design for rough environmental conditions.
Fast QTBT Partition Algorithm for Intra Frame Coding through Convolutional Neural Network (2018)

The latest Joint Video Exploration Team employs quad-tree plus binary-tree (QTBT) block partitioning structure, which can improve coding performance significantly than High Efficiency Video Coding with hugely increased encoding complexity. To address this issue, we propose a novel fast QTBT partition method through a convolutional neural network (CNN). Specifically, the proposed algorithm uses CNN to predict the QTBT partition depth range of 32 × 32 block directly according to the inherent texture richness of the image, rather than to judge split or not at each depth level. For training optimization, we introduce a misclassification penalty term combined with L2 HingeLoss function, which can further boost the classification accuracy. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method; our rate-distortion maintaining setting can achieve 42.33% complexity reduction with just 0.69% bitrate increase. Our low complexity setting can achieve 62.08% complexity reduction with 2.04% bitrate increase.
The B30.2 domain of pyrin, the familial Mediterranean fever protein, interacts directly with caspase-1 to modulate IL-1β production (2006)

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a recessively inherited autoinflammatory disorder with high carrier frequencies in the Middle East. Pyrin, the protein mutated in FMF, regulates caspase-1 activation and consequently IL-1beta production through cognate interaction of its N-terminal PYRIN motif with the ASC adaptor protein. However, the preponderance of mutations reside in pyrin's C-terminal B30.2 domain. Here we demonstrate direct interaction of this domain with caspase-1. In lysates from cells not expressing ASC, reciprocal GST pull-downs demonstrated the interaction of pyrin with the p20 and p10 catalytic subunits of caspase-1. Coimmunoprecipitations of pyrin and caspase-1 from THP-1 human monocytic cells were consistent with the interaction of endogenous proteins. The C-terminal B30.2 domain of pyrin is necessary and sufficient for the interaction, and binding was reduced by FMF-associated B30.2 mutations. Full-length pyrin attenuated IL-1beta production in cells transfected with a caspase-1/IL-1beta construct, an effect diminished by FMF-associated B30.2 mutations and in B30.2 deletion mutants. Modeling of the crystal structure of caspase-1 with the deduced structure of the pyrin B30.2 domain corroborated both the interaction and the importance of M694V and M680I pyrin mutations. Consistent with a net inhibitory effect of pyrin on IL-1beta activation, small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated pyrin knockdown in THP-1 cells augmented IL-1beta production in response to bacterial LPS. Moreover, the IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra suppressed acute-phase proteins in a patient with FMF and amyloidosis. Our data support a direct, ASC-independent effect of pyrin on IL-1beta activation and suggest heightened IL-1 responsiveness as one factor selecting for pyrin mutations.