gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Staurosporine inhibits neutrophil phagocytosis but not iC3b binding mediated by CR3 (CD11b/CD18) (1991)

C receptor CR3 (iC3b-receptor, CD11b/CD18) plays an essential role in several phagocytic and adhesive neutrophil functions. Recent evidence suggests that stimulus-induced phosphorylation of the CR3 beta-chain, CD18, may mediate certain neutrophil functions by transiently converting the molecule to an activated state. Staurosporine, a protein kinase C inhibitor that blocks PMA-induced CD18 phosphorylation, was used to study the functional relevance of this event. Neutrophils adhered to glass were assayed for binding and phagocytosis of iC3b-opsonized sheep E (EC3bi) in the presence or absence of PMA and/or staurosporine. Binding of EC3bi was markedly increased, not only by PMA, but also by staurosporine and by a combination of both agents (three- to sevenfold). The enhancement of rosetting by staurosporine was likely caused by increased surface expression of CR3 via exocytosis of specific granular contents. In contrast, staurosporine alone did not stimulate phagocytosis of EC3bi and markedly inhibited PMA-induced phagocytosis. Staurosporine also inhibited phagocytosis of yeast beta glucan particles, a CR3 ligand that, in contrast to EC3bi, is bound and ingested without additional prior treatment with PMA. beta glucan phagocytosis was associated with a low level of CD18 phosphorylation. Staurosporine did not block phagocytosis in general, because this agent had relatively little effect on FcR-mediated phagocytosis. These data demonstrate that phagocytosis mediated by CR3 requires activation of CR3 via a staurosporine-sensitive pathway. Increased binding of EC3bi, a function of increased surface expression of CR3, does not require activation of CR3 by such a pathway, confirming previous evidence for the independence of these two phenomena. A direct role for CD18 phosphorylation in the activation of CR3 for phagocytosis is consistent with these data.
Vehicle detection and tracking in relatively crowded conditions (2009)

Aiming at vehicle detection and tracking problems in video monitoring and controlling system, this paper mainly studies vehicle detection and tracking problems in conditions of high traffic density in daytime. This paper is distinguished by two key contributions. First, we develop an improvement — SEAP(Simple but Efficient After Process) which checks the detection results in an accurate way and is an after process of Adaboost [1] detector which used to detect car in every frame. Second, we propose a tracking algorithm named 4-states tracking algorithm based on Kalman[5] linear filter. Tracking results turn unsteady as traffic density grows higher because of much more false positives and false negatives appear. However, 4-states tracking algorithm can solve this problem in an easy way by introducing FSM (Finite State Machine) into tracking algorithm. Finally, we implement a real-time vehicle detection and tracking system with the upper methods. Experiments give good results in relative crowded Conditions.
Phase I and clinical pharmacological evaluation of 4'-deoxydoxorubicin in patients with advanced cancer. (1985)

We have conducted a Phase I and initial clinical pharmacological evaluation of 4'-deoxydoxorubicin (4'-DXDX), administering the drug i.v. on an every 21-day schedule to 60 patients with advanced cancer. Patients were treated at six dosage levels ranging from 10 to 35 mg/sq m. Leukopenia was the dose-limiting toxic effect, and no cardiac, renal, or hepatic toxicity was observed; stomatitis was not seen; and there were no drug-related deaths. Significant alopecia was rare at doses less than 35 mg/sq m, mild nausea and vomiting occurred in one-third of patients at myelosuppressive doses; 12 patients had a transient local urticarial reaction. In the 30 patients with measurable disease, two partial remissions were seen, lasting 5 months in a patient with a nasopharyngeal adenocarcinoma, and 7 months in a patient with endometrial adenocarcinoma. The recommended dose of 4'-DXDX for Phase II studies is 30 mg/sq m in good-risk patients and 25 mg/sq m in moderate-risk or heavily pretreated patients. Pharmacokinetic studies were carried out in ten patients, four of whom received 4'-DXDX at a dose of 10 mg/sq m and six at 30 mg/sq m. Disappearance of 4'-DXDX from plasma was triphasic with a rapid initial phase clearance showing a t1/2 alpha of 1 to 2 min and a prolonged terminal phase with a median t1/2 gamma in excess of 90 h in patients receiving 30 mg/sq m.
A Technique for Evaluating the Hysteresis Properties of Tire Cords (1974)

Abstract A slow speed cyclic test has been developed to evaluate tire cord hysteresis properties. Programmed stress variations on an Instron were used to simulate the magnitude and sequence of cord stresses in a running step-loaded tire and relationships were formulated to approximate the dependence of cord heat generation on tire loads, air pressures, and temperatures. The test assumes that tire air pressure imposes a peak stress on cords and that increasing loads on a running tire cause increasing intermittent cord stress relief. Nearly linear relationships result between the log of work loss and the extent of stress relief, which affords a means of comparing cord hysteresis properties over a range of simulated tire loads. The validity of the slow speed results was verified at laboratory test speeds comparable to those encountered in normal tire use. Results generally agreed with long standing qualitative observations of tire cord performance. Commercial PET and nylon greige cords were used for test development and other cord materials, both greige and dipped, have been evaluated. A range of hysteresis properties was obtained on variations in polyester cords.
Lyophilization of Synthetic Gene Carriers (2012)

Lyophilization, also known as freeze drying, is a widely used method for stabilization, improvement of long-term storage stability, and simplification of handling of drugs and/or carrier systems. Lyophilization is time-consuming and energy-consuming, and hence optimized processes are required to avoid time loss and higher costs without compromising product stability. Beginning from the last decade, nonviral, synthetic carriers for gene delivery have been of increasing interest. However, these systems suffer from poor physical stability in aqueous solution or suspension. Hence, to ensure long-term storage stability lyophilization of the gene carrier systems is favored. This chapter gives an overview of the basic steps and troubleshooting for successful lyophilization of synthetic gene carriers. Furthermore, the required excipients and their mechanism of action are summarized.
A peptide-based human T cell leukemia virus type I vaccine containing T and B cell epitopes that induces high titers of neutralizing antibodies. (1995)

We have recently identified the principal linear neutralizing B cell epitopes of human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) on the envelope protein gp46, amino acids (aa) 187-199, by using a number of human mAbs. We therefore propose that this region would be a good candidate for a peptide-based HTLV-I vaccine. To develop a peptide-based vaccine that can induce a high titer of neutralizing Abs against HTLV-I, we first synthesized peptides of various lengths containing aa187-199. Because the addition of gp46 aa181-186 or aa200-210 to either the N-terminus or C-terminus of SP187-199 did not alter the antigenicity of the principal neutralizing determinant, we prepared two peptide-based vaccines, MAP181-203 and MAP181-210, by conjugating SP181-203 and SP181-210 with a branched polylysine oligomer. In rabbits, X4 to X8 and X8 to X64 titers of the neutralizing Abs were induced by immunization with MAP181-203 and MAP181-210, respectively. Furthermore, high titers of neutralizing Abs (X40 to X320) were elicited in five different strains of rats by immunization with MAP181-210. We also identified the major T cell epitope on gp46 aa194-210 in various strains of rats immunized with MAP181-210. Furthermore, the peripheral T lymphocytes obtained from the majority of HTLV-I-infected patients including HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis, adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma, and healthy carriers, proliferated in response to the peptides containing aa194-210. These results indicated that MAP181-210 contains a T cell helper epitope on aa194-210 not only in rats and rabbits, but also in humans with various HLA haplotypes. It is therefore possible that MAP181-210 could become one of the candidates for a peptide-based HTLV-I vaccine for human use.
REVIEWS OF BOOKS (1990)

Journal Article REVIEWS OF BOOKS Get access Liszt. By Derek Watson, pp. xii + 404. ‘The Master Musicians’. ( Dent, London, 1989, £19.95. ISBN 0-460-03174-0.) ALAN WALKER ALAN WALKER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Music and Letters, Volume 71, Issue 1, February 1990, Pages 109–111, https://doi.org/10.1093/ml/71.1.109 Published: 01 February 1990
Salt-Responsive Self-Assembly of Luminescent Hydrogel with Intrinsic Gelation-Enhanced Emission (2013)

Tetraphenylethylene (TPE), an archetypal luminogen with aggregation-induced emission (AIE), was grafted to a salt-responsive peptide to yield a yet luminescent hydrogelator. After testing different parameters, we found that only in the presence of salt rather than temperature, pH, and solvent, did the monodisperse hydrogelators self-assemble into a hydrogel network with bright emission turned on. The induced luminescence was a dynamic change and enabled real time monitoring of hydrogel formation. Grating AIE molecules to stimuli-responsive peptides is a promising approach for the development of self-revealing soft materials for biological applications.
H.264-Compatible Coding of Background Soccer Video Using Temporal Subbands (2012)

This paper presents an H.264-compatible temporal sub band coding scheme for static background scenes of soccer video. We utilize orthonormal wavelet transforms to decompose a group of successive frames into temporal sub bands. By exploiting the property of energy conservation of orthonormal wavelet transforms, we construct a rate distortion model for optimal bit rate allocation among different sub bands. To take advantage of the high efficiency video codec H.264/AVC, we encode each sub band with H.264/AVC Fidelity Range Extension (FRExt) intra-coding by assigning optimal bit rates. The experimental results show that our proposed coding scheme outperforms conventional video coding with H.264/AVC for both subjective and objective evaluations.
Turbulence Model Predictions of Strongly Curved Flow in a U-Duct (2000)

The ability of three types of turbulence models to accurately predict the effects of curvature on the flow in a U-duct is studied. An explicit algebraic stress model performs slightly better than one- or two-equation linear eddy viscosity models, although it is necessary to fully account for the variation of the production-to-dissipation-rate ratio in the algebraic stress model formulation. In their original formulations, none of these turbulence models fully captures the suppressed turbulence near the convex wall, whereas a full Reynolds stress model does. Some of the underlying assumptions used in the development of algebraic stress models are investigated and compared with the computed flowfield from the full Reynolds stress model. Through this analysis, the assumption of Reynolds stress anisotropy equilibrium used in the algebraic stress model formulation is found to be incorrect in regions of strong curvature. By the accounting for the local variation of the principal axes of the strain rate tensor, the explicit algebraic stress model correctly predicts the suppressed turbulence in the outer part of the boundary layer near the convex wall.
Reducing effect of 3,4',5-trihydroxystibene-3-beta-mono-D-glucoside on arterial thrombosis induced by vascular endothelial injury. (1995)

Thrombosis was abated by Pol. The selective inhibition of production of TXA2 rather than PGI2, is one of the mechanisms involved.
Atmospheric Trends and Lifetime of CH<sub>3</sub>CCI<sub>3</sub>and Global OH Concentrations (1995)

Determination of the atmospheric concentrations and lifetime of trichloroethane (CH(3)CCI(3)) is very important in the context of global change. This halocarbon is involved in depletion of ozone, and the hydroxyl radical (OH) concentrations determined from its lifetime provide estimates of the lifetimes of most other hydrogen-containing gases involved in the ozone layer and climate. Global measurements of trichloroethane indicate rising concentrations before and declining concentrations after late 1991. The lifetime of CH(3)CCI(3) in the total atmosphere is 4.8 +/- 0.3 years, which is substantially lower than previously estimated. The deduced hydroxyl radical concentration, which measures the atmosphere's oxidizing capability, shows little change from 1978 to 1994.
Relevance of Seizure‐Induced Neurogenesis in Animal Models of Epilepsy to the Etiology of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (2007)

Seizure induction in laboratory animals is followed by many changes in structure and function, and one of these is an increase in neurogenesis-the birth of new neurons. This phenomenon may be relevant to temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), because one of the regions of the brain where seizure-induced neurogenesis is most robust is the dentate gyrus-an area of the brain that has been implicated in the pathophysiology of TLE. Although initial studies predicted that neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus would be important to normal functions, such as learning and memory, the new neurons that are born after seizures may not necessarily promote normal function. There appears to be a complex functional and structural relationship between the new dentate gyrus neurons and preexisting cells, both in the animal models of TLE and in tissue resected from patients with intractable TLE. These studies provide new insights into the mechanisms of TLE, and suggest novel strategies for intervention that could be used to prevent or treat TLE.
Controllable Metamaterial-Loaded Waveguides Supporting Backward and Forward Waves (2011)

Rectangular waveguides loaded by anisotropic metamaterials are analyzed to assess the controllability of transmission characteristics of the involved electromagnetic waves. Dispersion relations of TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m0</sub> modes in the metamaterial-loaded waveguide (MLW) are theoretically investigated. It is shown that all propagating modes (the forward wave, the backward wave and the evanescent wave) in the MLW can be realized below the cut-off frequency by changing transverse and longitudinal components of permeability tensors of the loading metamaterials. Numerical simulations are carried out to verify the proposed theory and the controllability. Transmission characteristics and effective constitutive parameters of three MLWs with different cells, which should theoretically support forward waves, backward waves and evanescent waves, respectively, are numerically calculated. Dispersion curves and magnetic field distribution for the backward wave MLW and the forward wave MLW are simulated. It is shown that the simulated results are in a good agreement with theoretical predictions. Implementation of the controllable MLW was achieved by using axially rotating control rods. Rotating the control rods can reconfigure the metamaterial and make propagating modes in the MLW switch from backward waves to forward waves or evanescent waves.
Lessons learned from designing the MONTIUM - a coarse-grained reconfigurable processing tile - (2005)

In this paper we describe in retrospective the main results of a four year project, called Chameleon. As part of this project we developed a coarse-grained reconfigurable core for DSP algorithms in wireless devices denoted MONTIUM. After presenting the main achievements within this project we present the lessons learned from this project.
Low-Shot Learning from Imaginary Data (2018)

Humans can quickly learn new visual concepts, perhaps because they can easily visualize or imagine what novel objects look like from different views. Incorporating this ability to hallucinate novel instances of new concepts might help machine vision systems perform better low-shot learning, i.e., learning concepts from few examples. We present a novel approach to low-shot learning that uses this idea. Our approach builds on recent progress in meta-learning ("learning to learn") by combining a meta-learner with a "hallucinator" that produces additional training examples, and optimizing both models jointly. Our hallucinator can be incorporated into a variety of meta-learners and provides significant gains: up to a 6 point boost in classification accuracy when only a single training example is available, yielding state-of-the-art performance on the challenging ImageNet low-shot classification benchmark.
<i>Ab initio</i>total-energy calculations for extremely large systems: Application to the Takayanagi reconstruction of Si(111) (1992)

We have implemented a set of total-energy pseudopotential codes on a parallel computer which allows calculations to be performed for systems containing many hundreds of atoms in the unit cell. Using these codes, we have calculated the total energies and structures of the 3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}3, 5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}5, and 7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}7 Takayanagi reconstructions of the (111) surface of silicon. We find that the 7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}7 structure minimizes the surface energy and observe structural trends across the series which can be correlated with the degree of charge transfer between the dangling bonds on the adatoms and rest atoms.
Optical Data Storage (2017)

The distribution of audio information in disk format - sound stored as modulations on a flat surface - has had a long and successful track record. At first, analog signals were imprinted on shellac and then later vinyl platters. But recently, sound has been almost exclusively distributed as and replayed from digitally encoded data, molded into the surface of compact polymer disks. This migration was driven by consumer demand for higher fidelity, i.e., higher bandwidth in recording, replication, and playback, which in turn required dramatic increases in the amount of stored information. At first the diameter of the disk was increased, but this soon reached its practical limit. With a mechanical stylus, increasing the areal storage density increased the susceptibility to wear and tear, which forced a transition from mechanical detection to a noncontact optical scheme. Optical detection retrieves the stored data by sensing changes in the intensity or polarization of a reflected laser beam. In the form of the read-only compact disk, this data storage medium became the dominant vehicle for music distribution (CD) and later for computer software (CD-ROM). With the ferocious appetite of consumers for ever more information at ever higher data rates, the CD-ROM is currently undergoing a metamorphosis into the digital versatile disk (DVD). The DVD standard offers higher areal density per layer, and as many as four layers of prerecorded information, offering sufficient readout bandwidth and capacity for distribution of several hours worth of high-quality compressed video. Table 26.1 compares the pertinent characteristics of the CD and DVD formats, highlighting the significant progress that has been made. Since its introduction into the market, DVD devices have reportedly experienced the fastest growth of quarterly sales and market penetration of any consumer electronics technology, as of the last quarter of 2001.
Thermodynamic stability of domain III from the envelope protein of flaviviruses and its improvement by molecular design (2013)

The Flavivirus genus includes widespread and severe human pathogens like the four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV1 to DENV4), yellow fever virus, Japanese encephalitis virus and West Nile virus. Domain III (ED3) of the viral envelope protein interacts with cell receptors and contains epitopes recognized by virus neutralizing antibodies. Its structural, antigenic and immunogenic properties have been thoroughly studied contrary to its physico-chemical properties. Here, the ED3 domains of the above pathogenic flaviviruses were produced in the periplasm of Escherichia coli. Their thermodynamic stabilities were measured and compared in experiments of unfolding equilibriums, induced with chemicals or heat and monitored through protein fluorescence. A designed ED3 domain, with the consensus sequence of DENV strains from all serotypes, was highly stable. The low stability of the ED3 domain from DENV3 was increased by three changes of residues in the protein core without affecting its reactivity towards DENV-infected human serums. Additional changes showed that the stability of ED3 varied with the DENV3 genotype. The T(m) of ED3 was higher than 69°C for all the tested viruses and reached 86°C for the consensus ED3. The latter, deprived of its disulfide bond by mutations, was predominantly unfolded at 20°C. These results will help better understand and design the properties of ED3 for its use as diagnostic, vaccine or therapeutic tools.
A 1-V MOSFET-only fully-differential dynamic comparator for use in low-voltage pipelined A/D converters (2003)

Low-voltage low-power comparators implemented in standard digital processes are of increasing importance in different integrated applications. In this paper a 1-V fully-differential low-power MOSFET-only comparator with rail-to-rail input swing is presented which can be suitably used in very low-voltage low-power pipelined A/D converters. This comparator utilizes a resistive divider configuration with a MOSFET-only clock booster to supply a higher voltage for the dynamic latch in the intervals that a comparison is to be made. HSPICE simulations of the proposed comparator in a 0.25-μm CMOS process, confirm the rail-to-rail input range of the fully-differential comparator with a supply voltage of 1 V with a decision time of less than 1 ns while driving a capacitive load of 0.2pF. The worst-case dynamic power consumption of the proposed comparator is less than 100μW with a clock frequency of 50MHz.
Reed-solomon forward error correction (FEC) schemes, RFC 5510 (2009)

This document describes a Fully-Specified Forward Error Correction (FEC) Scheme for the Reed-Solomon FEC codes over GF(2^^m), where m is in {2..16}, and its application to the reliable delivery of data objects on the packet erasure channel (i.e., a communication path where packets are either received without any corruption or discarded during transmission). This document also describes a Fully-Specified FEC Scheme for the special case of Reed-Solomon codes over GF(2^^8) when there is no encoding symbol group. Finally, in the context of the Under-Specified Small Block Systematic FEC Scheme (FEC Encoding ID 129), this document assigns an FEC Instance ID to the special case of Reed-Solomon codes over GF(2^^8).
Reed-Solomon codes belong to the class of Maximum Distance Separable (MDS) codes, i.e., they enable a receiver to recover the k source symbols from any set of k received symbols. The schemes described here are compatible with the implementation from Luigi Rizzo.