gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Linear Synthesis of a Protected H-Type II Pentasaccharide Using Glycosyl Phosphate Building Blocks (2001)

A linear synthesis of a fully protected H-type II blood group determinant pentasaccharide utilizing glycosyl phosphate and glycosyl trichloroacetimidate building blocks is reported. Envisioning an automated solid-phase synthesis of blood group determinants, the utility of glycosyl phosphates in the stepwise construction of complex oligosaccharides, such as the H-type II antigen, is demonstrated. Installation of the central glucosamine building block required the screening of a variety of nitrogen protecting groups to ensure good glucosamine donor reactivity and protecting group compatibility. The challenge to differentiate C2 of the terminal galactose in the presence of other hydroxyl and amine protecting groups prompted us to introduce the 2-(azidomethyl)benzoyl group as a novel mode of protection for carbohydrate synthesis. The compatibility of this group with traditionally employed protecting groups was examined, as well as its use as a C2 stereodirecting group in glycosylations. The application of the 2-(azidomethyl)benzoyl group along with a systematic evaluation of glycosyl donors allowed for the completion of the pentasaccharide and provides a synthetic strategy that is expected to be generally amenable to the solid support synthesis of blood group determinants.
Lateral neck abscess caused by <i>Streptococcus bovis</i> in a patient with undiagnosed colon cancer (1997)

Bacteraemia or endocarditis caused by Streptococcus bovis, a non-enterococcal group D streptococcus, is a very common finding in patients suffering from intestinal tumours or other colon diseases. A case of a patient with a laternal neck abscess caused by S. bovis is reported. During the treatment the patient was found to have colonic malignant lesions. The problems in the appropriate diagnosis and the possible correlation between these two clinical entities are presented and discussed.
A voice-band audio processor IC for CDMA applications (2002)

A 2.7 V voice-band audio processor (VBAP/sup TM/) IC for CDMA wireless handsets as presented, The chip consists of transmit (uplink) and receive (downlink) audio channels and runs at a nominal current consumption of 9.1 mA. The transmit channel has two differential microphone inputs with external filtering and gain option for signal conditioning before a /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ ADC. The transmit channel pre-emphasis filter, receive channel filter, part of transmit gain, receive gain, receive volume control and sidetone gains are achieved by a single DSP core. The receive channel has a differential and a single-ended speaker interface which can deliver 35 mW and 10 mW to a 32 /spl Omega/ load respectively. The PCM encoding and decoding can be achieved in both linear and /spl mu/-law companded modes. Due to the PLL/clock recovery circuitry the 13-bit /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ voiceband codec is immune to system clock jitter up to 37%.
Permutational quantum computing (2010)

In topological quantum computation the geometric details of a particle trajectory are irrelevant; only the topology matters. Taking this one step further, we consider a model of computation that disregards even the topology of the particle trajectory, and computes by permuting particles. Whereas topological quantum computation requires anyons, permutational quantum computation can be performed with ordinary spin-1/2 particles, using a variant of the spin-network scheme of Marzuoli and Rasetti. We do not know whether permutational computation is universal. It may represent a new complexity class within BQP. Nevertheless, permutational quantum computers can in polynomial time approximate matrix elements of certain irreducible representations of the symmetric group and approximate certain transition amplitudes from the Ponzano-Regge spin foam model of quantum gravity. No polynomial time classical algorithms for these problems are known.
Learning a dual-language vector space for domain-specific cross-lingual question retrieval (2016)

The lingual barrier limits the ability of millions of non-English speaking developers to make effective use of the tremendous knowledge in Stack Overflow, which is archived in English. For cross-lingual question retrieval, one may use translation-based methods that first translate the non-English queries into English and then perform monolingual question retrieval in English. However, translation-based methods suffer from semantic deviation due to inappropriate translation, especially for domain-specific terms, and lexical gap between queries and questions that share few words in common. To overcome the above issues, we propose a novel cross-lingual question retrieval based on word embeddings and convolutional neural network (CNN) which are the state-of-the-art deep learning techniques to capture word- and sentence-level semantics. The CNN model is trained with large amounts of examples from Stack Overflow duplicate questions and their corresponding translation by machine, which guides the CNN to learn to capture informative word and sentence features to recognize and quantify semantic similarity in the presence of semantic deviations and lexical gaps. A uniqueness of our approach is that the trained CNN can map documents in two languages (e.g., Chinese queries and English questions) in a dual-language vector space, and thus reduce the cross-lingual question retrieval problem to a simple k-nearest neighbors search problem in the dual-language vector space, where no query or question translation is required. Our evaluation shows that our approach significantly outperforms the translation-based method, and can be extended to dual-language documents retrieval from different sources.
Synthesis and secretion of wild-type and mutant human plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein in baculovirus-transfected insect cells: the carboxyl-terminal region is required for both lipoprotein binding and catalysis of transfer. (1992)

Functional plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP; 476 amino acids) has been expressed in baculovirus-transfected Sf9 insect cells by using a full-length cDNA derived from a human placental library. The product bound to each major plasma lipoprotein class, and it catalyzed the transfer of both cholesteryl esters and triglyceride. CETP species with overlapping deletions were generated in the carboxyl-terminal region. These mutants were defective in cholesteryl ester and triglyceride transfer. Structural and functional analysis suggests that normal lipoprotein binding and effective catalysis may require the carboxyl-terminal sequence -Phe-Leu-Leu-Leu- (residues 454-457), possibly with the involvement of other sequences in the carboxyl-terminal region. A similar sequence is contained in several other proteins whose functions involve binding nonpolar lipids, including lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, bactericidal permeability-increasing protein, cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase, cholesterol esterase, and hormone-sensitive lipase. These data suggest that a conserved neutral lipid-binding sequence may be one important factor in the activity of CETP and possibly in several other proteins of plasma and cellular lipid metabolism.
Assessing Blood Administering Practices (1999)

Abstract The risk that a red blood cell unit will be associated with an ABO-incompatible transfusion is currently slightly greater than the aggregate risk of acquiring human immunodeficiency virus, human T-cell lymphotropic virus, hepatitis B virus, or hepatitis C virus by transfusion. Since the most common cause for ABO-incompatible transfusion is the failure of transfusionists to properly identify a patient or a blood component before a transfusion, transfusion services are encouraged to evaluate and monitor the processes of dispensing and administering blood. In addition, a proposal of the Health Care Financing Administration of the Department of Health and Human Services would require hospitals to use a data-driven quality assessment and performance improvement program that evaluates the dispensing and administering of blood and that ensures that each blood product and each intended recipient is positively identified before transfusion. The Los Angeles County+University of Southern California Medical Center assesses the blood dispensing and administering process as proposed by the Health Care Financing Administration. During the fourth quarter of 1997, 85 blood transfusions were assessed for compliance with the Los Angeles County+University of Southern California Medical Center policies and procedures: 55 transfusion episodes had no variance from institutional protocol and 30 had one or more variances. Of the transfusions with at least one variance, 16 had one or more variances involving the identification of the patient, the component, or the paperwork. The remaining 14 transfusions had one or more variances involving other criteria (nonidentification items). The most frequent variance was the failure to document vital signs during the first 15 minutes after a transfusion was started or after 50 mL of a component had been transfused. No variances in patient or blood component identification were noted in nursing units whose staff routinely performed self-assessment of blood administering practices. Based on these findings, a corrective action plan was implemented. Follow-up assessments (n = 63) were conducted after 3 months (during the second quarter of 1998). The compliance with the pretransfusion identification protocol improved from 81% to 95%. The most common reason for noncompliance continued to be a lack of checking vital signs. This report demonstrates the value of using a data-driven program that assesses blood administering practices.
Statistische Datenanalyse (2000)

1.1 Was ist Statistische Datenanalyse? a Eine .,Statistik" ist im täglichen Sprachgebrauch eine Zusammenstellung von Zahlen über Be völkerungsgruppen, ökonomische Tätigkeiten, Krankheiten, Wetterlagen
Quantum Proximity Resonances (1996)

It is well known that at long wavelengths $\ensuremath{\lambda}$ an s-wave scatterer can have a scattering cross section $\ensuremath{\sigma}$ on the order of ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}^{2}$, much larger than its physical size, as measured by the range of its potential. Very interesting phenomena can arise when two or more identical scatterers are placed close together, well within one wavelength. We show that, for a pair of identical scatterers, an extremely narrow p-wave ``proximity'' resonance develops from a broader s-wave resonance of the individual scatterers. A new s-wave resonance of the pair also appears. The relation of these proximity resonances (so called because they appear when the scatterers are close together) to the Thomas and Efimov effects is discussed.
The Study on Preparation of Kaolin-Acrylic Super Absorbent Polymer and its Internal Curing Effect in the Hydration Procedure of Cement Materials (2012)

In this paper, a new kind of superabsorbent polymer (SAP) is designed and prepared. Using sodium persulfate as initiator and N,N’-methylene bisacrylamide as Crosslinker, monomer of acrylic acid can be grafted into the skeleton of natural mineral kaolin with the method of microwave irradiation. The performance of water adsorption for SAP is tested in saturated Ca(OH)2 solution. Also, the internal curing effect of SAP to hydration procedure of cement paste is studied. The result shows that the compressive properties and flexural strength of cement paste specimens in early stage have significant improvement in contrast to those without superabsorbent polymer or excessive or a small amount of superabsorbent polymer, when superabsorbent polymer is accounted for 0.3% to 0.5% of the total cement.
Model for Evaluating Networks under Correlated Uncertainty—NETCOR (2000)

Construction activities are often influenced by factors such as weather, labor, and site conditions. When several activities are influenced by the same factor, their durations may be correlated. If many activities along a path are correlated, the variability of path duration will increase, possibly increasing the uncertainty of completing the project by a target date. This paper presents the simulation-based model NETCOR (NETworks under CORrelated uncertainty) to evaluate schedule networks when activity durations are correlated. Based on qualitative estimates of the sensitivity of each activity to each factor, uncertainty in an activity's duration distribution (grandparent) is distributed to several factor subdistributions (parents). Each subdistribution is broken down further into a family of distributions (children), with each child corresponding to a factor condition. Correlation is captured by sampling from the same-condition child distributions for a given iteration of the simulation. NETCOR integrates the effect due to each factor at the path level. Awareness of the factors to which a path is sensitive can provide management with a better sense of what to control on each path, particularly on large projects.
Mfuzz: A software package for soft clustering of microarray data (2007)

The R package Mfuzz and Mfuzzgui are available at http://itb1.biologie.hu-berlin.de/~futschik/software/R/Mfuzz/index.html. Their distribution is subject to GPL version 2 license.
Sustained micellar delivery via inducible transitions in nanostructure morphology (2018)

Nanocarrier administration has primarily been restricted to intermittent bolus injections with limited available options for sustained delivery in vivo. Here, we demonstrate that cylinder-to-sphere transitions of self-assembled filomicelle (FM) scaffolds can be employed for sustained delivery of monodisperse micellar nanocarriers with improved bioresorptive capacity and modularity for customization. Modular assembly of FMs from diverse block copolymer (BCP) chemistries allows in situ gelation into hydrogel scaffolds following subcutaneous injection into mice. Upon photo-oxidation or physiological oxidation, molecular payloads within FMs transfer to micellar vehicles during the morphological transition, as verified in vitro by electron microscopy and in vivo by flow cytometry. FMs composed of multiple distinct BCP fluorescent conjugates permit multimodal analysis of the scaffold's non-inflammatory bioresorption and micellar delivery to immune cell populations for one month. These scaffolds exhibit highly efficient bioresorption wherein all components participate in retention and transport of therapeutics, presenting previously unexplored mechanisms for controlled nanocarrier delivery.
Multiplex fluorescent analysis of four short tandem repeats for rapid haemophilia A molecular diagnosis (2005)

Indirect molecular diagnosis of hemophiliaA (HA) is carried out by analyzing intragenic polymorphic markers described along the coagulation factorVIII (FVIII) gene. Several studies have demonstrated that the two commonly used intronic short tandem repeats (STR13 and STR22) located in the FVIII gene are highly informative for this task. Two extragenic markers closely linked to FVIII (DXS1073 and DXS1108) have also been described as valuable tools for gene tracking. The objective of the present work was to develop a rapid, single-tube automated method to simultaneously analyze these four STRs. Consistent amplification was achieved by quadruplex fluorescent PCR and the products were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis. Validation of the method included DNA analysis of 88 individuals from a control population, 45 HA patients and 32 individuals from 10 HA-affected families. Statistical study showed that the STR13, STR22 and DXS1108 loci were in significant linkage disequilibrium, whereas DXS1073 was not. Nevertheless, the combination of the four markers offered a high heterozygosity rate (>90%) that improved tracing of FVIII gene inheritance. Optimal results with application to single cells in a HA preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) protocol demonstrated the sensitivity of the technique. In conclusion, the automated fluorescent method described is an extremely rapid, simple and highly informative one that is easy to standardize and allows direct comparison of results among different groups working with genetic counseling, prenatal diagnosis and PGD in HA-affected families.
Rate of Interaction of IgGl and IgG3 Sensitized Red Cells withMonocytes in the Phagocytosis Assay (1989)

Another aspect of the preferential binding to monocytes of IgG3-coated erythrocytes over IgGl-coated erythrocytes has been demonstrated by measuring the rate of interaction in the phagocytosis assay. Erythrocytes sensitized with comparable numbers of IgGl and IgG3 monoclonal anci polyclonal anti-D antibodies were incubated with a monocyte preparation for up to 2 h. Interaction with the erythrocytes sensitized with monoclonal or polyclonal IgG3 was much more rapid than with erythrocytes sensitized with IgGl. With IgG3-sensitized erythrocytes maximum interaction was found after 30 min, whereas with IgGl-sensitized erythrocytes 2h were required for maximum interaction. These results are consistent with the longer hinge region of IgG3 allowing bridges to be formed more easily between the negatively charged erythrocytes and monocytes.
The Retarding Effect of Citric Acid on Calcium Sulfate Nucleation Kinetics (2003)

Measurements of the induction period for gypsum nucleation, when citric acid is added in solution as an additive to retard calcium sulfate nucleation, are reported in the present paper. The supersaturation ratio was varied in the interval 4−5; the concentration of citric acid was varied from 0.01 to 0.30 g/L; and, finally, different temperature levels were explored in the range 15−45 °C. The induction period values were compared to those previously obtained by using the same experimental technique in the absence of foreign ions in the mother liquor, showing that the citric acid has a strong retarding effect toward gypsum nucleation. Eventually, several values for the interfacial tension and activation energy have been estimated as a function of citric acid concentration and of temperature.
Frequency-addressed NEMS arrays for mass and gas sensing applications (2013)

This paper reports the design, fabrication and characterization of NEMS resonator arrays along with their associated readout scheme enabling the probing of all the resonators within an array. The successful monitoring of arrays of 20 NEMS in both air and vacuum is presented and the significant advantage these arrays provide over individual resonators for mass and gas sensing is discussed. Arrays of 20, 49 and 100 resonators have been designed and characterized in terms of Signal to Background Ratio (SBR) of the NEMS frequency response and Allan Deviation (ADEV) for the frequency stability of the resonators. While probing an array in closed loop, mass additions onto the NEMS were simulated by electrostatically-induced frequency shifts. These shifts were applied simultaneously on the entire array to demonstrate the ability of this system to track the complete array in real time. On the other hand, a noise reduction at short integration times by a factor close to √N, where N is the number of resonators, has been obtained by averaging all the resonators' signal. The ability to control arrays of NEMS with a simplified routing and a reduced number of electrical connections is demonstrated and the great potential of NEMS arrays for gas and mass sensing applications is highlighted.
Correlation of Total Antioxidant Capacity with Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Consumption Measured by Oxidative Conversion (2013)

Although both antioxidant capacity and oxidative conversion (hazard) are important in food and bioanalytical chemistry, there is considerable confusion in the literature between the results of these two types of assays. After the generation of ROS in the medium via Fe(III)-H₂O₂ reaction, attenuation of total oxidative conversion (TOC; as measured by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DMPD) assays) was tested for possible correlation with the total antioxidant capacity (TAC; as measured by cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (ABTS/TEAC) assays) of the introduced antioxidant sample. The inverse relationship between oxidative conversion and antioxidant capacity was processed to establish a curvilinear relationship between the absolute values of TAC increments and TOC decrements as a function of added antioxidant concentration. This simple relationship may form a bridge between the two diverse disciplines of medical biochemistry and food analytical chemistry mainly using TOC and TAC results, respectively.
Continuous Collection of Soluble Atmospheric Particles with a Wetted Hydrophilic Filter (2005)

Approximately one-third of the area (14-mm diameter of a 25-mm diameter) of a 5-microm uniform pore size polycarbonate filter is continuously wetted by a 0.25 mL/min water mist. The water forms a continuous thin film on the filter and percolates through it. The flowing water substantially reduces the effective pore size of the filter. At the operational air sampling flow rate of 1.5 standard liters per minute, such a particle collector (PC) efficiently captures particles down to very small size. As determined by fluorescein-tagged NaCl aerosol generated by a vibrating orifice aerosol generator, the capture efficiency was 97.7+% for particle aerodynamic diameters ranging from 0.28 to 3.88 microm. Further, 55.3 and 80.3% of 25- and 100-nm (NH4)2SO4 particles generated by size classification with a differential mobility analyzer were respectively collected by the device. The PC is integrally coupled with a liquid collection reservoir. The liquid effluent from the wetted filter collector, bearing the soluble components of the aerosol, can be continuously collected or periodically withdrawn. The latter strategy permits the use of a robust syringe pump for the purpose. Coupled with a PM2.5 cyclone inlet and a membrane-based parallel plate denuder at the front end and an ion chromatograph at the back end, the PC readily operated for at least 4-week periods without filter replacement or any other maintenance.
Purification and Properties of 5-Methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-Homocysteine Transmethylase (1970)

5-Methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-homocysteine transmethylase has been purified from a methionine auxotroph of Escherichia coli K12, which was derepressed for the enzyme.The purified transmethylase has been crystallized and appears to be nearly homogeneous by disc gel electrophoresis and by equilibrium and velocity ultracentrifugation.Further evidence for a high degree of purity has been obtained from a dual purification of the enzyme from repressed and derepressed cells.A calculation of the specific activity of pure enzyme from the initial and final specific activities of derepressed and repressed enzymes reveals that the purified derepressed enzyme is at least 94% pure.Since the transmethylase appears nearly homogeneous after only a ZO-fold purification, the enzyme must represent 5% of the soluble protein in derepressed cells of E. coti and 3% in wild type cells.The catalytic, physical, and chemical properties of the purified transmethylase have been investigated.The formation of methylJ4C-methionine from 5-methyl-W-tetrahydropteroyltriglutamate is dependent on transmethylase, homocysteine, and Pi and is stimulated by Mg+2.5-Methyl-W-tetrahydropteroylglutamate or 5-methylJ4C-tetrahydropteroyl-a!-glutamylglutamate cannot replace the triglutamate folate derivative as methyl donor in the formation of methionine.The formation of methionine is inhibited by high ionic strength, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, and the folate substrate analogues pteroyl-cr-glutamylglutamic acid, pteroyl-y-glutamyl-y-glutamylglutamic acid, and 5-methyltetrahydropteroyl-a!-glutamylglutamate,The transmethylase has a molecular weight of 84,000 and appears to be composed of subunits.