gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immobilization of lactate dehydrogenase on a pyrolytic carbon fiber microelectrode (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTImmobilization of lactate dehydrogenase on a pyrolytic carbon fiber microelectrodeM. F. Suaud-Chagny and F. G. GononCite this: Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 2, 412–415Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00293a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00293a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views207Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A miniature MEMS and NEMS enabled time-of-flight mass spectrometer for investigations in planetary science (2008)

Solar system exploration and the anticipated discovery of biomarker molecules is driving the development of a new miniature time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer (MS). Space flight science investigations become more feasible through instrument miniaturization, which reduces size, mass, and power consumption. However, miniaturization of space flight mass spectrometers is increasingly difficult using current component technology. Micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) and nano electro mechanical systems (NEMS) technologies offer the potential of reducing size by orders of magnitude, providing significant system requirement benefits as well. Historically, TOF mass spectrometry has been limited to large separation distances as ion mass analysis depends upon the ion flight path. Increased TOF MS system miniaturization may be realized employing newly available high speed computing electronics, coupled with MEMS and NEMS components. Recent efforts at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in the development of a miniaturized TOF mass spectrometer with integral MEMS and NEMS components are presented. A systems overview, design and prototype, MEMS silicon ion lenses, a carbon nanotube electron gun, ionization methods, as well as performance data and relevant applications are discussed.
Brain tumors in the very young child: Postoperative chemotherapy in combined-modality treatment (1988)

Twelve consecutively diagnosed children with brain tumors, ages 7 to 27 months, were treated by a combined-modality approach featuring aggressive surgical resection followed by chemotherapy and delayed irradiation. Patients received multiple clinical neurologic examinations and psychological evaluations, as well as diagnostic imaging studies, to monitor the efficacy of chemotherapy and toxic effects of therapy. Six of the eight children with residual tumor evident postoperatively on computed tomography scans had objective responses to chemotherapy. The efficacy of chemotherapy was further demonstrated by the lack of disease progression for 7 months or longer in eight children, seven of whom remain free of tumor 19 to 57 months (median, 28 months) from the date of diagnosis. The neurologic status of ten patients improved during treatment. Developmental progress was normal in two, low average in three, and frankly deficient in four of ten children formally evaluated. These results indicate that postoperative chemotherapy, added to a regimen of surgical resection and delayed irradiation, prolong survival with only minimal short term neurotoxicity in the majority of very young children with malignant brain tumors.
Swedish child health nurses treat fathers more equally in 2014 than 2004, but mothers remain their primary focus (2017)

While Swedish child health nurses viewed fathers as more equal to mothers in 2014 than 2004, mothers still received the majority of the parenting support.
Magnetoelectric effect in composites of piezoelectric and piezomagnetic phases (1994)

The magnetoelectric effect in composites of piezoelectric and piezomagnetic phases is investigated theoretically. The magnetoelectric effect is totally absent in these two constituent phases, and so it is a new property of the composites. A generalized theoretical framework based on a Green's function method and perturbation theory is proposed to treat the coupled magnetoelectric behavior in the composites. Explicit relations for determining the effective magnetoelectric effect in the composites are derived, and the different approximate expressions for the magnetoelectric coefficient of the fibrous composites with 1-3 or 3-1 connectivity of phases are given. To illustrate the technique, numerical calculations of the magnetoelectric coefficients of the ${\mathrm{BaTiO}}_{3}$-${\mathrm{CoFe}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ composites for various phase compositions and particle shapes are performed. The theoretical estimates are shown to be in agreement with available experimental results, and also show the interesting magnetoelectric behavior of the composites.
A MYB Transcription Factor Regulates Very-Long-Chain Fatty Acid Biosynthesis for Activation of the Hypersensitive Cell Death Response in<i>Arabidopsis</i>    (2008)

Plant immune responses to pathogen attack include the hypersensitive response (HR), a form of programmed cell death occurring at invasion sites. We previously reported on Arabidopsis thaliana MYB30, a transcription factor that acts as a positive regulator of a cell death pathway conditioning the HR. Here, we show by microarray analyses of Arabidopsis plants misexpressing MYB30 that the genes encoding the four enzymes forming the acyl-coA elongase complex are putative MYB30 targets. The acyl-coA elongase complex synthesizes very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs), and the accumulation of extracellular VLCFA-derived metabolites (leaf epidermal wax components) was affected in MYB30 knockout mutant and overexpressing lines. In the same lines, a lipid extraction procedure allowing high recovery of sphingolipids revealed changes in VLCFA contents that were amplified in response to inoculation. Finally, the exacerbated HR phenotype of MYB30-overexpressing lines was altered by the loss of function of the acyl-ACP thioesterase FATB, which causes severe defects in the supply of fatty acids for VLCFA biosynthesis. Based on these findings, we propose a model in which MYB30 modulates HR via VLCFAs by themselves, or VLCFA derivatives, as cell death messengers in plants.
The Generic Modeling Environment (2001)

The Generic Modeling Environment (GME) is a configurable toolset that supports the easy creation of domain-specific modeling and program synthesis environments. The primarily graphical, domain-specific models can represent the application and its environment including hardware resources, and their relationship. The models are then used to automatically synthesize the application and/or generate inputs to COTS analysis tools. In addition to traditional signal processing problems, we have applied this approach to tool integration and structurally adaptive systems among other domains. This paper describes the GME toolset and compares it to other similar approaches. A case study is also presented that illustrates the core concepts through an example. 1.
Intravascular Ultrasound—Guided Vena Cava Filter Placement (1999)

Purpose: To report a technique for the insertion of an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter under intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guidance. Technique: Using a Seldinger technique, a single groin puncture provides the access for IVUS interrogation of the IVC. After the anatomy is defined with IVUS, the same guidewire is used for percutaneous IVC filter insertion. Intraoperative fluoroscopy, used as a backup, corroborates the proposed insertion location before deployment of the device. Postoperative flat-plate abdominal radiographs are used to confirm satisfactory position. IVC filters have been successfully placed in 9 patients with no complications related to IVUS-guided insertion. Conclusions: Intraluminal IVC interrogation using IVUS is ideally suited for the proper deployment of an IVC filter. The deployment of IVC filters under IVUS has the potential to further simplify an established therapy for deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.
Abstract 3638: MM-302, HER2-targeted liposomal doxorubicin, does not impair cardiomyocyte function in vitro (2011)

Abstract In HER2+ (ErbB2+) breast cancer, the ability to combine anthracyclines, such as doxorubicin, with anti-HER2 targeted therapies is limited clinically due to potential synergistic cardiotoxicity: doxorubicin directly damages heart cells and HER2 is an important mediator of cardiac repair signaling. Herein we detail findings for MM-302, a novel HER2-targeted liposomal doxorubicin formulation. The liposomal encapsulation is designed to protect the heart from doxorubicin exposure and the HER2-targeting component mediates uptake in HER2-positive cells without blocking HER2 signaling. In order to study the potential effects of MM-302 on the heart, we performed studies using Embryonic Stem Cell (ESC)-derived cardiac cells. Total cell uptake of free doxorubicin and MM-302 into ESC-derived cardiac cells was measured using HPLC. We found that, despite expressing low levels of HER2, the ESC-derived cardiac cells do not take up MM-302, whereas doxorubicin freely enters the cells in a time and dose-dependent manner over a 3 hour time course. Subsequent to delivery, cell viability was assessed in response to free doxorubicin or MM-302 at 24 hours post 3-hour exposure. Doxorubicin resulted in cell death in a dose-dependent manner, whereas MM-302 had no effect on cardiac cell viability. To understand the mechanism underlying the cardiotoxicity associated with doxorubicin exposure, and to differentiate MM-302 from existing therapies, we measured cell functional responses in ESC-derived cardiac cells, including cell stress (phopsho-p53), DNA damage (gamma-H2AX) and apoptosis (cleaved-PARP) with high-content microscopy. We demonstrated that, while doxorubicin treatment results in DNA damage, cell stress, apoptosis, and ultimately cell death in a dose-dependent manner, MM-302 does not. Our findings demonstrate that MM-302 provides a means to deliver doxorubicin to high HER2-expressing cancer cells, while sparing exposure, accumulation, and toxicity in non-target (low HER2-expressing) cells, such as cardiomyocytes. This opens an exciting avenue for potentially introducing a novel anthracycline product for the treatment of HER2+ breast cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3638. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3638
Why are sex and gender important to basic physiology and translational and individualized medicine? (2014)

Sex refers to biological differences between men and women. Although sex is a fundamental aspect of human physiology that splits the population in two approximately equal halves, this essential biological variable is rarely considered in the design of basic physiological studies, in translating findings from basic science to clinical research, or in developing personalized medical strategies. Contrary to sex, gender refers to social and cultural factors related to being a man or a woman in a particular historical and cultural context. Unfortunately, gender is often used incorrectly by scientists and clinical investigators as synonymous with sex. This article clarifies the definition of sex and gender and reviews evidence showing how sex and gender interact with each other to influence etiology, presentation of disease, and treatment outcomes. In addition, strategies to improve the inclusion of female and male human beings in preclinical and clinical studies will be presented, and the importance of embedding concepts of sex and gender into postgraduate and medical curricula will be discussed. Also, provided is a list of resources for educators. In the history of medical concepts, physiologists have provided pivotal contributions to understanding health and disease processes. In the future, physiologists should provide the evidence for advancing personalized medicine and for reducing sex and gender disparities in health care.
Survey of Russian Speech Recognition Systems (2006)

An idea of the natural speech interaction was arrived since electronic calculation machines were created. The command interface of the first computers did not provide acceptable speed and naturalness of interaction. By many years of investigations large number of methods and software, solved the speech recognition problem, were developed. Significant results were achieved in speaker depended recognition of isolated speech and today the attention of researches is focused on problems of spontaneous speech, speaker independency, robustness in noisy conditions. In this paper the authors present the survey of Russian language specifics, methods and applied models for Russian speech recognition developed in some organizations in Russia and abroad. The survey is prepared by proceedings of the last conferences and internet webs of developers. 1.
The novel anticonvulsant MK‐801 binds to the activated state of the N‐methyl‐<scp>d</scp>‐aspartate receptor in rat brain (1987)

The influence of endogenous and exogenous acidic amino acids on the binding of [3H]-MK-801, a selective, non-competitive antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, has been investigated in rat cerebral cortex crude synaptic membranes (CSM). Removal of endogenous glutamate and aspartate from CSM by repeated washing reduced the affinity of [3H]-MK-801 for its binding site (with no change in the total number of binding sites) and increased NMDA-sensitive L-[3H]-glutamate binding. In washed CSM, competitive NMDA antagonists of the DL-alpha-amino-omega-phosphonocarboxylate series reduced [3H]-MK-801 binding and NMDA-sensitive L-[3H]-glutamate binding, the most active compounds being 2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (AP5) and 2-amino-7-phosphono-heptanoate (AP7). Exogenous excitatory amino acid agonists enhanced the binding of [3H]-MK-801 to washed CSM by up to 700%. A selective involvement of NMDA receptors in these effects was indicated by the excellent correlation between EC50s for stimulation of [3H]-MK-801 binding and IC50s for inhibition of NMDA-sensitive L-[3H]-glutamate binding in the same membranes. The selective, competitive NMDA receptor antagonist D-AP5 blocked the L-glutamate-induced increase in [3H]-MK-801 binding in a competitive manner with a pA2 value of 6.0. These results seem to reflect a molecular interaction between two distinct components of the NMDA receptor complex: the transmitter recognition site and the site through which MK-801 exerts its antagonist effects, possibly the ion channel.
Configurational, electronic entropies and the thermoelectric properties of nanocarbon ensembles (2008)

Reaction of disperse ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) and mixtures of UNCD containing 10%–20% nanoboron carbide (B4C) with methane gas at temperatures near 1200K results in mechanically rigid compacts called nanocarbon ensembles (NCE) and boron-doped NCE, respectively. Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity results lead to strongly temperature dependent power factors that increase 30–40 fold for boron containing ensembles compared to undoped material. It is likely that boron substitutional doping of nanographite crystallites results in a multiplicity of electronic states within a narrow energy band around the Fermi level leading to an increase in configurational electronic entropy.
Time‐resolved 3D MR velocity mapping at 3T: Improved navigator‐gated assessment of vascular anatomy and blood flow (2007)

Navigator-gated time-resolved 3D MR velocity mapping at 3T in combination with advanced data processing is a powerful tool for performing detailed assessments of global and local blood-flow characteristics in the aorta to describe or exclude vascular alterations.
Efficacy of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin in the Management of Intermittent Claudication (1991)

Treating chronic arterial occlusive disease with heparin is controversial because of the risks associated with long-term anticoagulant therapy. Low molecular weight (LMW) heparin (mw about 5000 Dalton), which selectively inhibits the Xa factor with minimal risk of hemorrhage, seems to offer new possibilities in the prevention and treatment of both venous and acute arterial thromboembolism. Therefore, 44 patients with intermittent claudication were recruited to a randomized, double-blind, controlled study. Twenty-two were treated for six months with a single daily subcutaneous dose (15,000 UaXa) of LMW heparin and 22 with placebo administered in the same way over the same period of time. After six months, LMW heparin treatment not only improved walking capacity (by lengthening the pain-free walking time by 25%) but also significantly modified the hemorrheologic pattern (by reducing fibrinogen concentrations and whole blood viscosity at low shear rates). LMW heparin also exerted an antithrombotic and profibrinolytic effect by significantly increasing both the anti-Xa factor and plasminogen activity without markedly modifying activated partial thromboplastin time (+20%). No LMW heparin-treated patient hemorrhaged or reported other noteworthy side effects. These results suggest LMW heparin might be a useful drug in the long-term treatment of chronic arterial occlusive disease of the limbs.
Insulin-like growth factor-I regulates cell proliferation in the developing inner ear, activating glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis and Fos expression (1995)

The role of insulin-like growth factors (IGF) was investigated during the early development of the inner ear. IGF-I stimulated growth of otic vesicles that were isolated and cultured in vitro. IGF-I induced DNA synthesis, increased cell number, and mitotic rate in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations between 0.1-10 nM. IGF-II also induced growth but with a lower potency, whereas insulin had no effect. In the presence of IGF-I, otic vesicles developed from stage 18 to stage 21 in 24-h cultures, mimicking the normal mitotic pattern and morphogenesis in vivo. IGF-I also stimulated growth in the cochleovestibular ganglion. Binding of 125I-IGF-I to specific receptors occurred with high affinity. An autoradiographic study of sections from otic vesicles showed radiolabeled IGF-I in the epithelium. Immunoreactivity to IGF-I was detected in the otic vesicle and in the cochleovestibular ganglion. Intracellular signaling mechanisms of IGF were explored by studying the turnover of glycosylated phosphatidylinositols and the expression of Fos oncoprotein. IGF-I rapidly increased Fos levels in cultured otic vesicles. Furthermore, antisense oligonucleotides complementary to c-fos were able to inhibit IGF-I-induced growth. Both IGF-I-induced cell proliferation and Fos expression were blocked by an antiinositol phosphoglycan (alpha-IPG) antibody. This work suggests that IGF-I may be a candidate to regulate proliferative growth of the otic primordium during normal development and that this action requires the sequential modulation of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol turnover and Fos expression.
Copper‐Catalyzed Trifluoromethylation and Cyclization of Aromatic‐Sulfonyl‐Group‐Tethered Alkenes for the Construction of 1,2‐Benzothiazinane Dioxide Type Compounds (2013)

A multi-talented system: An efficient copper-catalyzed tandem trifluoromethylation/annulation of an electron-deficient aromatic ring has been developed. This method provides a powerful and straightforward way to synthesize trifluoromethylated 1,2-benzothiazinane dioxides under mild conditions (see scheme). The mechanism was investigated by a series of kinetic experiments and isotopic labeling studies. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Improving fairness and privacy of Zhou-Gollmann's fair non-repudiation protocol (2003)

We deal with two claws of Zhou-Gollmann's fair non-repudiation protocol. Firstly, their protocol divides a message into 2 parts, i.e., a key K and a ciphertext C. Then, C is delivered to the recipient, while K is submitted to TTP (Trusted Third Party). If the originator doesn't submit K to TTP, then the protocol appears to have no dispute between the originator and the recipient. However the protocol depends on his action on whether the originator really submits K to TTP or not. We show that the originator can make the protocol unfair by using his advantageous position, and present how to improve the fairness of the protocol. Secondly, the protocol doesn't provide the message privacy. This means that additional protocols are required to transfer an important message in private. We propose an improved version of the protocol to guarantee the message privacy.
Cannabidiol <i>in vivo</i> blunts β‐amyloid induced neuroinflammation by suppressing IL‐1β and iNOS expression (2007)

The results of the present study confirm in vivo anti-inflammatory actions of CBD, emphasizing the importance of this compound as a novel promising pharmacological tool capable of attenuating Abeta evoked neuroinflammatory responses.
Preparation and Photocatalytic Activity of Heteropoly Acids/Polyvinylidene Fluoride Thin Films (2012)

In this paper, catalysts of (NH4)4SiW12O40 supported on polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF) thin films were prepared and characterized by IR and SEM.In addition,sunlight as the light source and simulation of dyes effluent (malachite green) as the research object, through the orthogonal experiments studied the factors that influence catalyst photocatalytic degradation effects,such as the amount of catalyst, pH, the amount of hydrogen peroxide . The results show that the degradation of malachite green of the heteropoly acid catalyst immobilized by membrane is best under the conditions of visible and achieve high degradation rate( 90% ). Also , the catalytic effect is also related with the oxidant dosage and the acidity. The catalyst is energy saving, easy recovery and has widest foreground.