gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protection of aouts monkeys after immunization with recombinant antigens of Plasmodium falciparum (1992)

The genus Aotus spp. (owl monkey) is one of the WHO recommended experimental models for Plasmodium falciparum blood stage infection, especially relevant for vaccination studies with asexual blood stage antigens of this parasite. For several immunization trials with purified recombinant merozoite/schizont antigens, the susceptible Aotus karyotypes II, III, IV and VI were immunized with Escherichia coli derived fusion proteins containing partial sequences of the proteins MSAI (merozoite surface antigen I), SERP (serine-stretch protein) and HRPII (histidine alanine rich protein II) as well as with a group of recombinant antigens obtained by an antiserum raised against a protective 41 kD protein band. The subcutaneous application (3x) of the antigen preparations was carried out in intact animals followed by splenectomy prior to challenge, in order to increase the susceptibility of the experimental hosts to the parasite. A partial sequence of HRPII, the combination of three different fusion proteins of the 41 kD group and a mixture of two sequences of SERP in the presence of a modified Al(OH)3 adjuvant conferred significant protection against a challenge infection with P. falciparum blood stages (2-5 x 10(6)) i. RBC). Monkeys immunized with the MS2-fusion protein carrying the N-terminal part of the 195 kD precursor of the major merozoite surface antigens induced only marginal protection showing some correlation between antibody titer and degree of parasitaemia. Based on the protective capacity of these recombinant antigens we have expressed two hybrid proteins (MS2/SERP/HRPII and SERP/MSAI/HRPII) in E. coli containing selected partial sequences of SERP, HRPII and MSAI. Antibodies raised against both hybrid proteins in rabbits and Aotus monkeys recognize the corresponding schizont polypeptides. In two independent immunization trials using 13 animals (age 7 months to 3 years) we could show that immunization of Aotus monkeys with either of the two hybrid proteins administered in an oil-based well tolerated formulation protected the animals from a severe experimental P. falciparum (strain Palo Alto) infection.
Scanning coherent anti-Stokes Raman microscope (1982)

We have constructed a spatially scanning coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopic (CARS) apparatus that allows us to image the distribution of distinct chemical species in a microscopic sample region. Images of onion-skin cells have been obtained by using the CARS signal produced by the 2450-cm(-l) band of deuterated water. Future applications will be discussed.
Delta 6-desaturases From Primulaceae, Expressing Plants And Pufa-containing Oils (Patent WO 2003/072784 A1) (2003)

The present invention relates to an improved method for the specific production of unsaturated omega-3 fatty acids and a method for the production of triglycerides having an increased content of unsaturated fatty acids, in particular omega-3 fatty acids having more than three double bonds. The invention relates to the production of a transgenic organism, preferably a transgenic plant or a transgenic microorganism, having an increased content of fatty acids, oils or lipids having DELTA 6 double bonds due to the expression of a DELTA 6-desaturase from Primulaceae. The invention additionally relates to expression cassettes containing a nucleic acid sequence, a vector and organisms containing at least one nucleic acid sequence or an expression cassette. The invention further relates to unsaturated fatty acids and triglycerides having an increased content of unsaturated fatty acids and use thereof.
Rational Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 7-Azaindole Derivatives as Potent Focused Multi-Targeted Kinase Inhibitors (2016)

Efforts were made to improve a series of potent dual ABL/SRC inhibitors based on a 7-azaindole core with the aim of developing compounds that demonstrate a wider activity on selected oncogenic kinases. Multi-targeted kinase inhibitors (MTKIs) were then derived, focusing on kinases involved in both angiogenesis and tumorigenesis processes. Antiproliferative activity studies using different cellular models led to the discovery of a lead candidate (6z) that combined both antiangiogenic and antitumoral effects. The activity of 6z was assessed against a panel of kinases and cell lines including solid cancers and leukemia cell models to explore its potential therapeutic applications. With its potency and selectivity for oncogenic kinases, 6z was revealed to be a focused MTKI that should have a bright future in fighting a wide range of cancers.
A new method to plan more realistic optical transparent networks (2010)

Optically transparent routing of wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) channels, which is a major trend in optical networks, seeks to lower cost by avoiding electronic signal regeneration at intermediate sites and to make the network more flexible in terms of transported modulation formats and rates. Consequently, assessing the expected transmission quality of an optical channel prior to establishing a connection may be useful in maintaining high availability. Many proposals aim at upgrading the control plane with a fast and accurate “quality of transmission” (QoT) estimator. However, uncertainties about the physical features of the network yield a residual uncertainty with the estimation. Usually this global uncertainty is partially accounted for either during the routing process by adding a fixed margin to the quality factor of the connection estimated from the nominal parameters of the lightpath, or after the routing process by placing regenerators along the previously calculated path according to the uncertainties accumulated along this path. We propose a new approach that, in addition, accounts for the accumulation of uncertainties in the physical parameters along a path during the route selection process. Hence our path selection and our planning results combine the details of the network physical resources with their associated level of reliability. This approach allows more relevant network utilization by mitigating the degradation of the quality of service due to uncertainties of the parameters describing the physical layer. We illustrate this advantage with a case study of a U.S.-wide core network. é 2010 Alcatel-Lucent.
Surfactant-Mediated Growth and Patterning of Atomically Thin Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (2020)

The role of additives in facilitating the growth of conventional semiconducting thin films is well-established. Apparently, their presence is also decisive in the growth of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), yet their role remains ambiguous. In this work, we show that the use of sodium bromide enables synthesis of TMD monolayers <i>via</i> a surfactant-mediated growth mechanism, without introducing liquefaction of metal oxide precursors. We discovered that sodium ions provided by sodium bromide chemically passivate edges of growing molybdenum disulfide crystals, relaxing in-plane strains to suppress 3D islanding and promote monolayer growth. To exploit this growth model, molybdenum disulfide monolayers were directly grown into desired patterns using predeposited sodium bromide as a removable template. The surfactant-mediated growth not only extends the families of metal oxide precursors but also offers a way for lithography-free patterning of TMD monolayers on various surfaces to facilitate fabrication of atomically thin electronic devices.
Effect of Angiotensin II on Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Proliferation (2000)

Angiotensin II (AII) induced the proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) isolated from murine bone marrow or human cord blood. The formation of colonies with more than 50 cells increased approximately five-sevenfold in cultures of murine lineage-negative (Lin(-)) bone marrow cells both in the presence (day 10) and absence (day 13) of colony-stimulating factors (CSF). This could be blocked with addition of Losartan, an antagonist of AIITR1. The increase in proliferation of early hematopoietic progenitors (Lin(-)Sca l(+) cells) by AII was approximately threefold and occurred only in the presence of CSF, suggesting that AII may affect mesenchymal stromal cells to induce CSF production and might directly affect early HPC. These in vitro studies were replicated with human HPC isolated from cord blood. AII also accelerated the proliferation and formation of colony-forming units (CFU)-granulocyte/erythroid/macrophage/megakaryocyte and CFU-granulocyte/macrophage colonies by CD34(+)CD38(-) enriched progenitors but only in the presence of CSF. Additional studies also indicated that AII can act to increase proliferation in suspension culture. Exposure of CD34(+) cells to AII in suspension culture, prior to placement in a semisolid medium with erythropoietin, increased the formation of colonies with more than 50 cells and erythroid progenitors approximately five- and 20-fold, respectively. Further, mRNA for the AT1a receptor was expressed by human bone marrow CD34(+)CD38(-) cells, CD34(+)CD38(-) cells, and lymphocytes, but not mature myeloid cells. Similarly, mRNA for the AT1a receptor was expressed on human stromal cell clones, offering further support to the hypothesis that AII acts partially through the mesenchymal compartment of the bone marrow. These data suggest that AII may be a factor which stimulates the proliferation of hematopoietic progenitors.
Toward a Personalized Real-Time Diagnosis in Neonatal Seizure Detection (2017)

The problem of creating a personalized seizure detection algorithm for newborns is tackled in this paper. A probabilistic framework for semi-supervised adaptation of a generic patient-independent neonatal seizure detector is proposed. A system that is based on a combination of patient-adaptive (generative) and patient-independent (discriminative) classifiers is designed and evaluated on a large database of unedited continuous multichannel neonatal EEG recordings of over 800 h in duration. It is shown that an improvement in the detection of neonatal seizures over the course of long EEG recordings is achievable with on-the-fly incorporation of patient-specific EEG characteristics. In the clinical setting, the employment of the developed system will maintain a seizure detection rate at 70% while halving the number of false detections per hour, from 0.4 to 0.2 FD/h. This is the first study to propose the use of online adaptation without clinical labels, to build a personalized diagnostic system for the detection of neonatal seizures.
Derivatives of 3‐<i>sec</i>‐Butyl‐1‐oxo‐2,3‐dihydroisoquinoline as Inhibitors of μ‐Calpain (2006)

A protein destroyer is blocked: (S,S,Z)-methyl-2-(3-sec-butyl-1-oxo-2,3-dihydroisoquinolin-4(1H)-ylidene)acetate is a potent low-molecular-weight inhibitor of μ-calpain (IC50=25 nM). Several derivatives of this compound were synthesized and tested as inhibitors of the calpain protease to gain insight into their structure–activity relationships.
A new coplanar waveguide continuous transverse stub (CPW-CTS) antenna for wireless communications (2005)

To address the continuing demand for low-cost, light-weight and high-performance antennas, and multiband antenna arrays for wireless communications, we developed a new design of the continuous transverse stub (CTS) antenna technology. The design is based on a coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed which combines the advantages of the planar designs originally developed by Hughes Aircraft and the newer 50 /spl Omega/ coaxial version recently developed by our group . To examine the feasibility of the approach, a one-element CPW-CTS antenna is designed and a prototype is built in the frequency range of 5.2-5.6 GHz. S-Parameters and radiation pattern results shows good agreement between the simulation results and the experimental data.
Fatty acids are required for epidermal permeability barrier function. (1993)

The permeability barrier is mediated by a mixture of ceramides, sterols, and free fatty acids arranged as extracellular lamellar bilayers in the stratum corneum. Whereas prior studies have shown that cholesterol and ceramides are required for normal barrier function, definitive evidence for the importance of nonessential fatty acids is not available. To determine whether epidermal fatty acid synthesis also is required for barrier homeostasis, we applied 5-(tetradecyloxy)-2-furancarboxylic acid (TOFA), an inhibitor of acetyl CoA carboxylase, after disruption of the barrier by acetone or tape stripping. TOFA inhibits epidermal fatty acid by approximately 50% and significantly delays barrier recovery. Moreover, coadministration of palmitate with TOFA normalizes barrier recovery, indicating that the delay is due to a deficiency in bulk fatty acids. Furthermore, TOFA treatment also delays the return of lipids to the stratum corneum and results in abnormalities in the structure of lamellar bodies, the organelle which delivers lipid to the stratum corneum. In addition, the organization of secreted lamellar body material into lamellar bilayers within the stratum corneum interstices is disrupted by TOFA treatment. Finally, these abnormalities in lamellar body and stratum corneum membrane structure are corrected by coapplication of palmitate with TOFA. These results demonstrate a requirement for bulk fatty acids in barrier homeostasis. Thus, inhibiting the epidermal synthesis of any of the three key lipids that form the extracellular, lipid-enriched membranes of the stratum corneum results in an impairment in barrier homeostasis.
PicNIC (2019)

Network virtualization stacks are the linchpins of public clouds. A key goal is to provide performance isolation so that workloads on one Virtual Machine (VM) do not adversely impact the network experience of another VM. Using data from a major public cloud provider, we systematically characterize how performance isolation can break in current virtualization stacks and find a fundamental tradeoff between isolation and resource multiplexing for efficiency. In order to provide predictable performance, we propose a new system called PicNIC that shares resources efficiently in the common case while rapidly reacting to ensure isolation. PicNIC builds on three constructs to quickly detect isolation breakdown and to enforce it when necessary: CPU-fair weighted fair queues at receivers, receiver-driven congestion control for backpressure, and sender-side admission control with shaping. Based on an extensive evaluation, we show that this combination ensures isolation for VMs at sub-millisecond timescales with negligible overhead.
<title>Development and operation of a real-time imaging spectroradiometer</title> (1993)

Many imaging applications require quantitative determination of a scene's spectral radiance. This paper describes a new system capable of near real-time spectroradiometric imagery. Operating at a full-spectrum update rate of 30 Hz, this imager is capable of collecting a 20 point spectral image from 400 nm to 700 nm, with a 10 nm bandwidth, over an image of 256 X 192 pixels. At a slightly reduced update rate of 20 Hz, 30 point spectra can be collected. A slower update version is available with extended coverage to 900 nm. Although this full scene information is available, to make such a tremendous amount of data more manageable, internal processing electronics compute in real time the tristimulus integrals X, Y, and Z; along with standard RGB, these colorimetric integrals are available either as tristimulus values, or as chromaticity coordinates x, y, and Y. To allow the imager to simulate sensors with many different spectral responses, any arbitrary response function may be loaded into the imager including delta functions to allow single wavelength viewing. Understanding that some applications may require better spectral resolution than 10 nm, a separate processing section allows resolution enhancement to about 1 nm with 1,000 point spectra available from 256 pixels throughout the scene. These enhanced spectra are available at a .3 Hz update rate, limited by the readout rate of the imaging array. The luminous dynamic range of the instrument is about 1 cd/m<SUP>2</SUP> to 10<SUP>5</SUP> cd/m<SUP>2</SUP>. The unique challenges of design and calibration are described. Pixel readout rates of 30 MHz, for full frame readout rates of 600 Hz present the first challenge, with the processing rate of 300+ million integer operations per second presenting the second. Spatial and spectral calibration of 50,000 pixels and 2,000 spectral positions mandate novel decoupling methods to keep the required calibration memory to a reasonable size. Large luminous dynamic range also requires care to maintain precision operation with minimum memory size.
Internet Credential Acceptance Policies. (1997)

Servers often need a basis for establishing some degree of trust in their clients. This problem is particularly interesting for services that do not have a prior relationship with their clients. Credentials can be used to demonstrate properties of the credential bearer possibly including, but not limited to, the owner&apos;s identity. Digital credentials are well-suited for use by any service provider that needs to grant different authorization for and views of services to different clients, based on client properties. This paper presents a programming methodology for writing credential acceptance policies and authentication logic that can be used for credential management on the internet. 1 Introduction Many service providers need to grant different authorization for and views of services to different clients, based on client properties. A digital credential is an abstract data structure representing verifiable and unforgeable properties of the bearer, such as identity, age, address, cit...
Evaluation of Constrained-TV-Minimization Image Reconstruction from Reduced PET Data (2015)

1830 Objectives The aim of this study to evaluate the quality of phantom images reconstructed by use of constrained-total-variation (TV)-minimization method from reduced PET acquisition simulating 50% of scintillation crystals. Methods We employ a digital PET scanner to collect data using an IEC phantom, which contains 6 spheres of 10, 13, 17, 22, 28, and 37 mm diameter. The activity in the smallest four spheres is 4 times the background and zero in the other two. The total activity at the beginning of data acquisition is 53 MBq. We investigate a sparse PET configuration, which is to remove odd-numbered tiles in the odd-numbered rings, and even-numbered tiles in the even-numbered rings. We use the adaptive-steepest-descent (ASD)-projection-onto-convex-set (POCS) algorithm to solve a constrained-TV-minimization program, which is to seek an image with minimum image TV within a feasible solution set. We reconstruct images from full data by using the row-action maximum likelihood algorithm (RAMLA) as references. Images are evaluated by use of signal to noise ratio (SNR) of three larger hot spheres, and the selected ROIs are 10 mm in diameter. Results The SNR measurements are shown in the table. For the hot spheres of size 22 and 17 mm, the SNR in the ASD-POCS reconstructions are higher than or comparable to that in the RAMLA result. For the hot sphere of size 13 mm, the SNR in the ASD-POCS reconstructions are slightly lower than that in the RAMLA image. It is worth noting that, the ASD-POCS reconstruction from sparse data, although degraded in quality as a result of fewer events, can still reveal the smallest hot sphere of size 10 mm. Conclusions Image quality of the ASD-POCS reconstructions from full data is comparable to, or slightly better than RAMLA reconstructions in terms of SNR of hot spheres. ASD-POCS reconstructions from data with 50% crystal reduction possess quality which may potentially yield clinical utilities. Research Support This work was supported in part by NIH R01 Grant Nos. CA120540, CA158446, and EB000225, and a Philips research grant.
Joint wideband source localization and acquisition based on a grid-shift approach (2017)

This paper addresses the problem of joint wideband localization and acquisition of acoustic sources. The source locations as well as acquisition of the original source signals are obtained in a joint fashion by solving a sparse recovery problem. Spatial sparsity is enforced by discretizing the acoustic scene into a grid of predefined dimensions. In practice, energy leakage from the source location to the neighboring grid points is expected to produce spurious location estimates, since the source location will not coincide with one of the grid points. To alleviate this problem we introduce the concept of grid-shift. A particular source is then near a point on the grid in at least one of a set of shifted grids. For the selected grid, other sources will generally not be on a grid point, but their energy is distributed over many points. A large number of experiments on real speech signals show the localization and acquisition effectiveness of the proposed approach under clean, noisy and reverberant conditions.
A nonblocking architecture for broadband multichannel switching (1995)

The paper investigates multichannel switching as a promising alternative to traditional single-channel switching where virtual paths established in a switch are between a single input channel and a single output channel. A particular non-blocking condition is derived for flip networks, which is exploited to realize a multichannel switching architecture that supports an arbitrary number of channel groups. The architecture is internally nonblocking and bufferless. Using one flip network recursively a number of times based on the number of channel groups, the resulting architecture becomes efficient in the sense that the cross point complexity is O(N log/sub 2/ N) for N inputs. Other distinguishing features are the abilities to provide multicasting, superrate switching (i.e., rates that exceed the capacity of a single channel are accommodated), multirate switching (i.e., bit pipes of different rates are supported simultaneously), multiple performance requirements (i.e., services with different performance requirements are treated accordingly), and fair access to all inputs (i.e., no input is systematically discriminated against). In multichannel switching, cells belonging to a single session can traverse multiple channels. Providing the cell sequencing integrity becomes a challenging issue. The architecture proposed in the paper accomplishes the task without employing any cell resequencing mechanism.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Engineering development of advanced physical fine coal cleaning for premium fuel applications: Subtask 3.3 - dewatering studies (1996)

If successful, the novel Hydrophobic Dewatering (HD) process being developed in this project will be capable of efficiently removing moisture from fine coal without the expense and other related drawbacks associated with mechanical dewatering or thermal drying. In the HD process, a hydrophobic substance is added to a coal-water slurry to displace water from the surface of coal, while the spent hydrophobic substance is recovered for recycling. For this process to have commercialization potential, the amount of butane lost during the process must be small. Earlier testing revealed the ability of the hydrophobic dewatering process to reduce the moisture content of fine coal to a very low amount as well as the determination of potential butane losses by the adsorption of butane onto the coal surface. Work performed in this quarter showed that the state of oxidation affects the amount of butane adsorbed onto the surface of the coal and also affects the final moisture content. the remaining work will involve a preliminary flowsheet of a continuous bench-scale unit and a review of the economics of the system. 1 tab.