gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Hemostatic Efficacy of ChitoGauze ® and Combat Gauze in a Lethal Femoral Arterial Injury in Swine Model (2010)

Abstract : Uncontrolled hemorrhage is the leading cause of death of soldiers in wartime. Quickly accessing and stabilizing the wound with effective hemostatic techniques is the key to saving lives on the battlefield. There exists a need for a hemostat that is efficacious in achieving hemostasis in severe traumatic combat wounds and easy to apply. The ChitoGauze dressing is composed of polyester/rayon blend non-woven medical gauze that is coated with chitosan. The four inch by four yard (4 x 4 yds) dressing is z-folded and packaged in a peelable foil pouch and is terminally sterilized. The hemostatic properties of chitosan enhance the ability of the medical gauze to control bleeding. ChitoGauze also offers antibacterial properties against a wide range of gram positive and gram negative organisms, including methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC33591 (MRSA), Enterococcus faecalis ATCC51299 (VRE) and Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC15308. In this study, we evaluated the hemostatic efficacy of two advanced hemostatic wound dressings: ChitoGauze (trademark) (HemCon Medical Technologies Inc., Portland, OR) and QuikClot (registered trademark) Combat Gauze (trademark) (ZMedica Co., Wallingford, CT), in a swine femoral arterial injury model. Surgical information including body weight, pre-treatment blood loss, vessel size and MAP change were similar between the two treatment groups. Average post treatment blood loss over three hours or survival was less in the ChitoGauze group than the Combat Gauze group (430 mL vs. 1180 mL). In the ChitoGauze group, seven (87.5%) animals achieved hemostasis and survived with minimal blood loss or oozing. Only two (25%) animals achieved immediate hemostasis and five (63%, p = 0.04) survived in the three hours observation time in the Combat Gauze group. In the survived animals, five out of seven animals had complete hemostasis in first attempt using the ChitoGauze; two out of five animals achieved hemostasis in first attempt with the Combat Gauze.
Fabrication and Test of a Cryocooler Directly Cooled NbTi Superconducting Magnet (2010)

The cryocooler directly cooled low temperature superconducting magnet is designed, fabricated and tested at the Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) for the crystal growth application. The magnet has one solenoidal configuration with a copper former which has a 52 mm room temperature bore. A two-stage 4 K GM cryocooler with 1.5 W refrigeration power is employed to cool the magnet from room temperature to liquid helium temperature. A pair of the binary current lead, a series combination of a normal conductor in the high temperature section and an HTS conductor in the low temperature section, is used for this application. The paper presents the process of design, fabrication and charging test. Also, the performance of the conduction cooled superconducting magnet system is discussed with respect to the supplied current and contact resistance.
Efficient and flexible methods for transient versioning of records to avoid locking by read-only transactions (1992)

We present efficient and flexible methods which permit read-only transactions that do not mind reading a possibly slightly old, but still consistent, version of the data base to execute without acquiring locks. This approach avoids the undesirable interferences between such queries and the typically shorter update transactions that cause unnecessary and costly delays. Indexed access by such queries is also supported, unlike by the earlier methods. Old versions of records are maintained only in a transient fashion. Our methods are characterized by their flexibility (number of versions maintained and the timing of version switches, supporting partial rollbacks, and different recovery and buffering methods) and their efficiency (logging, garbage collection, version selection, and incremental, record-level versioning). Distributed data base environments are also supported, including commit protocols with the read-only optimization. We also describe efficient methods for garbage collecting unneeded older versions.
A modular pipelined implementation of large fast Fourier transforms (2003)

This paper presents a modular pipeline architecture for computing long discrete Fourier transforms (DFT). For an N point DFT, two conventional pipeline /spl radic/N point fast Fourier transform (FFT) modules are joined by a specialized center element. The center element contains memories, multipliers and control logic. Compared with a standard N point pipeline FFT the modular FFT reduces the number of delay elements required. Further, the coefficient storage is concentrated within the center element, reducing the storage requirement in the pipeline FFT modules. The centralized memory and address generator provide the storage and data reordering. The throughput of a standard radix-2 pipeline FFT is maintained with slightly higher end-to-end latency. A simulator has been built to analyze the proposed architecture. Results for DFTs of lengths up to 4M points are presented and compared with alternate algorithms.
Minority carrier lifetime and dark current measurements in mid-wavelength infrared InAs<sub>0.91</sub>Sb<sub>0.09</sub> alloy nBn photodetectors (2015)

Carrier lifetime and dark current measurements are reported for a mid-wavelength infrared InAs0.91Sb0.09 alloy nBn photodetector. Minority carrier lifetimes are measured using a non-contact time-resolved microwave technique on unprocessed portions of the nBn wafer and the Auger recombination Bloch function parameter is determined to be |F1F2|=0.292. The measured lifetimes are also used to calculate the expected diffusion dark current of the nBn devices and are compared with the experimental dark current measured in processed photodetector pixels from the same wafer. Excellent agreement is found between the two, highlighting the important relationship between lifetimes and diffusion currents in nBn photodetectors.
The C-terminal propeptide of a plant defensin confers cytoprotective and subcellular targeting functions (2014)

In this report we have described the role of the CTPP on NaD1, a class II defensin from Nicotiana alata flowers. The CTPP of NaD1 is sufficient for vacuolar targeting and plays an important role in detoxification of the defensin as it moves through the plant secretory pathway. This work may have important implications for the use of defensins for disease protection in transgenic crops.
Physics of transduction in ionic liquid-swollen Nafion membranes (2006)

Ionic polymer transducers are a class of electroactive polymers that are able to generate large strains (1-5%) in response to low voltage inputs (1-5 V). Additionally, these materials generate electrical charge in response to mechanical strain and are therefore able to operate as soft, distributed sensors. Traditionally, ionic polymer transducers have been limited in their application by their hydration dependence. This work seeks to overcome this limitation by replacing the water with an ionic liquid. Ionic liquids are molten salts that exhibit very high thermal and electrochemical stability while also possessing high ionic conductivity. Results have shown that an ionic liquid-swollen ionic polymer transducer can operate for more than 250,000 cycles in air as compared to about 2,000 cycles for a water-swollen transducer. The current work examines the mechanisms of transduction in ionic liquid-swollen transducers based on Nafion polymer membranes. Specifically, the morphology and relevant ion associations within these membranes are investigated by the use of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). These results reveal that the ionic liquid interacts with the membrane in much the same way that water does, and that the counterions of the Nafion polymer are the primary charge carriers. The results of these analyses are compared to the macroscopic transduction behavior in order to develop a model of the charge transport mechanism responsible for electromechanical coupling in these membranes.
Growth of Thin Chemically Bonded Diamondlike Films by Ion Beam Deposition (1988)

Carbon films with a diamondlike structure that are chemically bonded to surfaces have been deposited by means of low-energy C(+) ion beams. When mass-selected C(+) beams at energies in the range from 20 to 200 electron volts impinge on atomically clean surfaces, the first carbon monolayer grows as a carbide structure that is chemically bonded to the surface. As deposition continues, the structure evolves over the next several atomic layers into a diamondlike structure. These pure carbon films are strongly adhered to the surface through the carbide bonds, which also provide for an intimate interface. There are significant applications for such films, particularly as insulators and doped semiconductors.
Treatment of acidic INEEL waste using a countercurrent cobalt dicarbollide-based universal solvent extraction process (1997)

A tertiary solvent containing chlorinated cobalt dicarbollide, diphenylcarbamoylmethylphosphine oxide and polyethylene glycol in different diluents was evaluated for the separation of cesium, strontium, actinides and rare earth elements from acidic liquid radioactive waste in countercurrent solvent extraction processes. This universal solvent extraction process has been demonstrated in 24-stage centrifugal contactor pilot plants, using simulated acidic tank waste, at the Khlopin Radium Institute (KRI), St. Petersburg, Russia, and at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL). Demonstration of the universal extraction process with actual tank waste is scheduled at the INEEL in 1998.
Development of Fully Automated Determination of Marker-Specific Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Avidity Based on the Avidity Competition Assay Format: Application for Abbott Architect Cytomegalovirus and Toxo IgG Avidity Assays (2009)

Determination of the avidity of immunoglobulin G (IgG) directed against a specific marker has become an established diagnostic tool for identifying or excluding acute infections with pathogens. A novel assay format termed AVIcomp (avidity competition based on mass action) circumventing the conventional chaotropic format has been developed for determination of the avidity of marker-specific IgG in patient specimens. Its applications for cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Toxoplasma gondii are presented. Specific high-avidity IgG from the patient specimen is selectively blocked using a soluble antigen in a sample pretreatment reagent, and the amount of remaining specific low-avidity IgG is determined relative to that in an untreated control. The comparison of the conventional chaotropic format, represented by the Radim CMV IgG Avidity assay, and the newly developed AVIcomp method, as exemplified by the Architect CMV IgG Avidity assay, on blood drawn within 4 months after seroconversion revealed a sensitivity of 100% (97.3% by an alternative calculation) for the AVIcomp format versus 87.5% (75.7% by an alternative calculation) for the chaotropic avidity assay. The specificity on 312 CMV IgG reactive and CMV IgM nonreactive specimens from pregnant women was 100% for the AVIcomp assay and 99.7% for the conventional avidity assay. The Architect Toxo IgG Avidity assay showed an agreement of 97.2% with the bioMérieux Vidas Toxo IgG Avidity Assay employing chaotropic reagents. These performance data suggest that the AVIcomp format shows superior sensitivity and equivalent specificity for the determination of IgG avidity to assays based on the chaotropic method and that the AVIcomp format may also be applicable to other disease states.
Structures and responses of ferroelectric liquid crystals in the surface-stabilized geometry (1984)

We present experimental and theoretical studies of the structures and transitions of the molecular orientation field of a smectic C* liquid crystal in the surface-stabilized geometry. The experimental results show that structures having from two to six stable orientation configurations are possible. The optical properties of these states, electric-field-induced sequences of transitions between them, and defects which appear in them are analyzed to infer the states' structure. These studies show that in the surface-stabilized geometry: (1) the smectic layers can be tilted relative to the bounding plates; (2) the boundary conditions can stabilize molecular orientations tilted relative to the bounding plates. Evidence is also presented for the coupling of smectic layer deformation and the director field.The theoretical results show that the simplest models of the interactions of a ferroelectric liquid crystal with bounding surfaces and applied electric fields explain a variety of phenomena. First, a simple, low-order surface interaction preferring molecular orientations parallel to bounding surfaces produces an unwinding of the intrinsic helix when the bounding plates are spaced closely enough. The resulting unwound liquid crystal exhibits two states with the ferroelectric polarization uniformly perpendicular to the bounding plates. A third state with the polarization splayed across the sample thickness is also possible, and is stabilized either by interactions that favor a specific orientation of the polarization to the surface normal or by an intrinsic elastic distortion complementary to the one that produces the helix. The addition of the simplest coupling of the ferroelectric dipoles to an applied electric field predicts first-order transitions between the various surface-stabilized states. The transitions proceed by the motion of domain walls, whose structure may be calculated in the most simple instance. In the absence of predicted domain wall structures, dimensional arguments provide scaling behaviors for the dynamics of domain wall motion that agree with experiment.
Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies in a comparative serological study of Agrobacterium Conn. biovars (1988)

This paper reports the results of a comparative serological study using indirect immunofluorescence staining (IFAS) and indirect solid-phase immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on a collection of 22 Agrobacterium strains belonging to biovars 1, 2 and 3 to test the specificity of monoclonal antibody Ab F21-1D3G7C8 (anti A. tumefaciens biovar 3) and the polyclonal antisera FC 2 14 (anti biovar 3) and 2150bA (anti biovar 1). (…)
Vanadium-dioxide-based infrared spatial light modulators (1993)

In recent years, infrared (IR) spatial light modulators (SLM) have found applications in areas such as scene simulation and dynamic spatial frequency filtering. To help meet these requirements, we have developed two novel methods of SLM fabrication. Both SLM designs deposit a vanadium dioxide (VO<SUB>2</SUB>) thin film on a thermal array. VO<SUB>2</SUB> films exhibit a temperature dependent hysteresis about their transition from dielectric to conductor. Accompanied with this transition is a change from a state of low to high reflectivity in the 3 - 5 micrometers band. Our two SLM designs exploit this temperature dependent hysteresis through the use of thermal arrays. The first SLM design deposits the VO<SUB>2</SUB> thin film on a planar diode array. Each diode constitutes a `pixel' of the SLM. Power provided to a diode permits accurate thermal control about the film's hysteresis. Initial biasing of the diode array is required to the base of the VO<SUB>2</SUB>'s hysteresis curve. The second SLM design deposits VO<SUB>2</SUB> on a thermoelectric array. These pixels have the ability to both heat and cool the VO<SUB>2</SUB> film, thereby allowing the array to be operated in a bistable mode. Bistable operation requires external biasing to the center of the VO<SUB>2</SUB>'s hysteresis curve.
Maximum likelihood timing synchronizers for sampled PSK burst TDMA systems (2002)

A new maximum-likelihood (ML) symbol timing estimator for sampled, coherent, burst time division multiple access (TDMA), phase shift keyed (PSK) systems is derived. The estimator uses a periodic bit pattern for acquisition. The sufficient statistic turns out to be the ratio of the even and odd sample sums which is easily implementable digitally with much lower complexity as compared to previously proposed ML implementations. The performance of the new estimator is very close to the Cramer-Rao (CR) bound. It outperforms previously proposed sub-optimal estimators by about 2.0 dB and does not suffer from hangups, a common problem in all phase lock loop (PLL) based timing acquisition systems.
Phase modulation in a liquid‐crystal TV based joint transform correlator (1993)

Abstract A phase‐encoded object has been modeled as the input to a joint transform correlator. The joint transform power spectrum is modeled as a binary phase object to calculate the correlation output. The results have been experimentally verified using a liquid‐crystal television operating in the phase modulation mode.
Noninvasive Assessment of Neoplastic Angiogenesis: The Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2003)

The study of the effect of angiogenesis inhibitors on tumors is limited by our ability to assess their effect in vivo. Approaches that are currently employed have significant limitations. An ideal approach would employ a widely available noninvasive technology that can be used repeatedly to assess the antiangiogenic effect on the same lesions in a serial fashion. We describe here a specialized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based technique that we employ in the study of angiogenesis of brain tumors. This technique, called relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) mapping, is a noninvasive technique that adds just a few minutes to the conventional MRI study of a human brain tumor in the clinical setting. We hope that such a technique will serve as a model for developing new imaging techniques for the assessment of angiogenesis modulation in other tumor settings. We describe the technical basis and some examples of using rCBV mapping in neoplastic angiogenesis assessment, including a discussion of current limitations and future directions.
Preclinical Evaluation of a Replication-Deficient Intranasal ΔNS1 H5N1 Influenza Vaccine (2009)

Our findings show that intranasal immunization with the replication deficient H5N1 DeltaNS1 vaccine candidate is sufficient to induce a protective immune response against H5N1 viruses. This approach might be attractive as an alternative to conventional influenza vaccines. Clinical evaluation of DeltaNS1 pandemic and seasonal influenza vaccine candidates are currently in progress.
Molecular Analysis of Rat Pituitary and Hypothalamic Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptors (1997)

GH release is thought to occur under the reciprocal regulation of two hypothalamic peptides, GH releasing hormone (GHRH) and somatostatin, via their engagement with specific cell surface receptors on the anterior pituitary somatotroph. In addition, GH-releasing peptides, such as GHRP-6 and the nonpeptide mimetics, L-692,429 and MK-0677, stimulate GH release through their activation of a distinct receptor, the GH secretagogue receptor (GHS-R). The recent cloning of the GHS-R from human and swine pituitary gland identifies yet a third G protein-coupled receptor (GPC-R) involved in the control of GH release and further supports the existence of an undiscovered hormone that may activate this receptor. Using the human GHS-R as a probe, we report the isolation of a rat pituitary GHS-R cDNA derived from an unspliced, precursor mRNA. The rat cDNA encodes a protein of 364 amino acids containing seven transmembrane domains (7-TM) with >90% sequence identity to both the human and swine GHS-Rs. A single intron of approximately 2 kb divides the open reading frame into two exons encoding TM 1-5 and TM 6-7, thus placing the GHS-R into the intron-containing class of GPC-Rs. The intron maps to the site of sequence divergence between the human and swine type 1a and 1b GHS-R mRNAs. In addition, determination of the nucleotide sequence for the human GHS-R gene confirmed the position of an intron in the human GHS-R gene at this position. A full-length contiguous cDNA from rat hypothalamus was isolated and shown to be identical in its nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence to the rat pituitary GHS-R. The cloned rat GHS-R binds [35S]MK-0677 with high affinity [dissociation constant (K(D)) = 0.7 nM] and is functionally active when expressed in HEK-293 cells. Expression of the rat GHS-R was observed specifically in the pituitary and hypothalamus when compared with control tissues.
Increased Expression of Cyclin D2 during Multiple States of Growth Arrest in Primary and Established Cells (1998)

Cyclin D2 is a member of the family of D-type cyclins that is implicated in cell cycle regulation, differentiation, and oncogenic transformation. To better understand the role of this cyclin in the control of cell proliferation, cyclin D2 expression was monitored under various growth conditions in primary human and established murine fibroblasts. In different states of cellular growth arrest initiated by contact inhibition, serum starvation, or cellular senescence, marked increases (5- to 20-fold) were seen in the expression levels of cyclin D2 mRNA and protein. Indirect immunofluorescence studies showed that cyclin D2 protein localized to the nucleus in G0, suggesting a nuclear function for cyclin D2 in quiescent cells. Cyclin D2 was also found to be associated with the cyclin-dependent kinases CDK2 and CDK4 but not CDK6 during growth arrest. Cyclin D2-CDK2 complexes increased in amounts but were inactive as histone H1 kinases in quiescent cells. Transient transfection and needle microinjection of cyclin D2 expression constructs demonstrated that overexpression of cyclin D2 protein efficiently inhibited cell cycle progression and DNA synthesis. These data suggest that in addition to a role in promoting cell cycle progression through phosphorylation of retinoblastoma family proteins in some cell systems, cyclin D2 may contribute to the induction and/or maintenance of a nonproliferative state, possibly through sequestration of the CDK2 catalytic subunit.
A New Approach to Oligonucleotide Synthesis in Solution (1998)

Abstract A new approach, based on the use of 3′-H-phosphonate building blocks, is described for the synthesis of oligonucleotides and their phosphorothioate analogues in solution.
Split Band Edge Resonance in a 2-Dimensional Square Lattice Structure (2010)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text H. Noh, J. Yang, A. Figotin, I. Vitebskiy, and H. Cao, "Split Band Edge Resonance in a 2 Dimensional Square Lattice Structure," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics 2010, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2010), paper QFH5. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article