gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New Process for Production of Ultra High Maltose Syrup from Special Genetically Derived Barley (1980)

Abstract A process has been developed to produce high maltose syrup from waxy barley. Its low pasting temperature and case of hydrolysis allows complete conversion without conventional cooking and with the use of minimal amounts of malt. Since no cooking is involved the protein is not denatured. Part of the recovered protein is undenatured barley gluten with a protein content of 85–90%. Syrups produced in the laboratory and pilot plant runs have ranged between 3–7% glucose, 58–66% maltose, 16–20% maltotriose and 10–18% higher oligosaccharides. These values shift with different treatments.
Motor bearing damage detection via wavelet analysis of the starting current transient (2002)

Preventive maintenance of induction motors plays an important role in avoiding expensive shut-downs due to motor failures. Motor Current Signature Analysis, MCSA, provides a non-intrusive way to assess the health of a machine. In this paper, the starting current transient of an induction motor is analyzed via discrete wavelet transform to detect bearing faults. The frequency subbands for bearing pre-fault and post-fault conditions are compared to identify the effects of bearing/machine resonant frequencies as the motor starts.
Slow light in vertically coupled whispering gallery mode resonators (2006)

We theoretically study propagation of light in a vertically coupled whispering gallery mode resonator (WGMR) waveguide consisting of a chain of disc WGMRs etched on the surface of a cylinder made of an optically transparent material. The waveguide is capable of reducing the group velocity of light by as much as a factor of a billion, is much more efficient than usual coupled resonator optical waveguides, and compete with slow light atomic systems. We discuss practical as well as fundamental advantages and disadvantages of the resonator and atomic delay lines.
A mapping mechanism to support bitmap index and other auxiliary structures on tables stored as primary B<sup>+</sup>-trees (2002)

Any auxiliary structure, such as a bitmap or a B+-tree index, that refers to rows of a table stored as a primary B+-tree (e.g., tables with clustered index in Microsoft SQL Server, or index-organized tables in Oracle) by their physical addresses would require updates due to inherent volatility of those addresses. To address this problem, we propose a mapping mechanism that 1) introduces a single mapping table, with each row holding one key value from the primary B+-tree, as an intermediate structure between the primary B+-tree and the associated auxiliary structures, and 2) augments the primary B+-tree structure to include in each row the physical address of the corresponding mapping table row. The mapping table row addresses can then be used in the auxiliary structures to indirectly refer to the primary B+-tree rows. The two key benefits are: 1) the mapping table shields the auxiliary structures from the volatility of the primary B+-tree row addresses, and 2) the method allows reuse of existing conventional table mechanisms for supporting auxiliary structures on primary B+-trees. The mapping mechanism is used for supporting bitmap indexes on index-organized tables in Oracle9i. The analytical and experimental studies show that the method is storage efficient, and (despite the mapping table overhead) provides performance benefits that are similar to those provided by bitmap indexes implemented on conventional tables.
Purification and Conjugation of Type 1 Ribosome-Inactivating Proteins (2003)

Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs, 1) are plant enzymes that damage ribosomes in an irreversible manner. They can be divided into type 1 RIPs, which are single-chain proteins, and type 2 RIPs, which are heterodimeric proteins consisting of an enzymatically active A-chain connected by a disulfide bond to a B-chain. The latter has the properties of a lectin specific for sugars with the galactose conformation and binds to galactosyl-terminated receptors on the cell surface, thus allowing the A-chain to enter the cytoplasm. Consequently, most type 2 RIPs are potent toxins, the best known being ricin, while type 1 RIPs are much less toxic.
6G-6 Local Nonlinear Arterial Elastic Modulus Reconstruction From In Vivo Strain Imaging and PWV (2006)

An optimized elastic modulus reconstruction procedure from ultrasound strain and pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurements was validated using a commercial ultrasound scanner. Longitudinal and transverse scans were performed on a vessel phantom connected to a pulsatile pump. Time delay between the ultrasound beams at each side of the transducer determines PWV and transverse elasticity imaging estimates intramural strain. Elastic modulus was reconstructed combining these two independent measurements. The reconstructed modulus compared well to direct mechanical measurements within 10 % error. To assess clinical feasibility, an in vivo free-hand ultrasound scanning procedure was performed on a local vein graft at anastomosis of a recruited subject under IRB approval. Transverse and longitudinal scanning was performed on the vein side of the anastomosis while compressing to a pressure equaling diastolic pressure. By equalizing the internal arterial baseline pressure in this way, significant strains were achieved. Elastic moduli with and without compression were fit to a pure exponential function describing the nonlinear elasticity of the arterial wall. With only two measurement points at different intraluminal pressures, the vein elastic property was fully characterized demonstrating the feasibility of determining the un-distended elastic modulus in vivo
Effect of "Topotactic" Reduction Products on Catalytic Activity of Metallocene Catalyst for Olefin Polymerization (2004)

s of Doctor’s Thesises Effect of “Topotactic” Reduction Products on Catalytic Activity of Metallocene Catalyst for Olefin Polymerization Satoru Yamada † (Department of Chemistry for Materials)
Field emission from bias grown diamond thin films in a CH/sub 4//N/sub 2//H/sub 2/ plasma (2002)

We have investigated field emission properties from diamond films grown under substrate bias conditions in a MPCVD system, with a substrate temperature of 800/spl deg/C, microwave power of 600 W and a total pressure of 11 Torr. One group of films was grown with a substrate bias at -100 V in a gas mixture of 1% N/sub 2/, 1% to 20% CH/sub 4/ in H/sub 2/, while a second group of films was grown with a substrate bias ranging from +100 V to -150 V in a gas mixture of 1% N/sub 2/-10% CH/sub 4/-89% H/sub 2/. Field emission performance in terms of turn-on field and emission current improved considerably as CH/sub 4/ concentration and negative bias voltage increase.
Combined Helmholtz equation–least squares (CHELS) method for reconstructing radiated acoustic pressure fields (2000)

A combined Helmholtz equation–least squares (CHELS) method is developed for reconstructing acoustic pressures radiated from an arbitrary object. This method combines the HELS method [Wang and Wu, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 102, 2020–2032 (1997); Wu and Yu, ibid. 104, 2054–2060 (1998)] and boundary element method (BEM)-based Helmholtz integral formulation. The main advantage of the HELS method is its simplicity in expressing the radiated acoustic pressure in terms of an expansion of orthonormal basis functions. However, the accuracy of reconstruction may deteriorate with the increase of complexity of source geometry. This is because the convergence of the basis functions becomes poorer for an irregular surface than for a smooth surface. The BEM-based integral formulation allows for reconstruction of the radiated acoustic pressures on an arbitrarily shaped object. However, the number of measurements required for reconstruction is often too large to make the process practical. In the CHELS method, only a finite number of measurements are taken to establish the HELS method. Once this is done, enough field pressures are generated using the HELS method, which are then taken as input to the BEM-based integral formulation to reconstruct acoustic pressures everywhere. [Work supported by NSF Grant No. CMS-9802847.]
GPR system onboard a UAV for non-invasive detection of buried objects (2018)

In this contribution, a novel subsurface imaging system to detect buried targets is presented. It is mainly composed by a Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) mounted onboard an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). Thus, the system can be used to inspect areas without being in contact with the soil, which makes it useful for detecting dangerous objects, such as landmines. The system architecture and some of the first prototype measurements, which are post-processed using a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) algorithm, are presented in this contribution.
Artificial Chromosomes Coming to Life (2000)

One of the biggest obstacles to gene therapy is the delivery of the therapeutic gene to the target tissue so that it is appropriately expressed. In his Perspective, Willard looks at the potential advantages of using a human artificial chromosome to maintain expression of a therapeutic gene and discusses some of the hurdles yet to be overcome before this gene delivery system can be tried out in the clinic.
UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS FOR A SILICON BULK MICROMACHINED DIMENSIONAL METROLOGY ARTIFACT. (2006)

Abstract not provided.
Experimental study and nonlinear dynamic analysis of time-periodic micro chaotic mixers (2007)

The efficiency of MEMS-based time-periodic micro chaotic mixers is experimentally and theoretically investigated in this study. A time-periodic flow perturbation was realized using digitally controlled solenoid valves to activate a source and sink alternately, acting together as a pair, with different driving frequencies. Working fluids with and without fluorescent dye were used in the micromixing experiments. The spatio-temporal variation of the mixing concentration during the mixing process was characterized at different Strouhal numbers, ranging from 0.03 to 0.74, using fluorescence microscopy. A simple kinematical model for the micromixer was used to demonstrate the presence of chaotic mixing. Specific stretching rate, Lyapunov exponent, and local bifurcation and Poincaré section analyses were used to identify the emergence of chaos. Two different numerical methods were employed to verify that the maximum Lyapunov exponent was positive in the proposed micromixer model. A simplified analytical analysis of the effect of Strouhal number is presented. Kolmogorov–Arnold–Mose (KAM) curves, which are mixing barriers, were also found in Poincaré sections. From a comparative study of the experimental results and theoretical analysis, a finite-time Lyapunov exponent (FTLE) was shown to be a more practical mixing index than the classical Lyapunov exponent because the time spent in mixing is the main concern in practical applications, such as bio-medical diagnosis. In addition, the FTLE takes into account both fluid stretching in terms of the stretching rate and fluid folding in terms of curvature.
A System-level Behavioral Detection Framework for Compromised CPS Devices: Smart-Grid Case (2019)

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) play a significant role in our critical infrastructure networks from power-distribution to utility networks. The emerging smart-grid concept is a compelling critical CPS infrastructure that relies on two-way communications between smart devices to increase efficiency, enhance reliability, and reduce costs. However, compromised devices in the smart grid poses several security challenges. Consequences of propagating fake data or stealing sensitive smart grid information via compromised devices are costly. Hence, early behavioral detection of compromised devices is critical for protecting the smart grid's components and data. To address these concerns, in this paper, we introduce a novel and configurable system-level framework to identify compromised smart grid devices. The framework combines system and function call tracing techniques with signal processing and statistical analysis to detect compromised devices based on their behavioral characteristics. We measure the efficacy of our framework with a realistic smart grid substation testbed that includes both resource-limited and resource-rich devices. In total, using our framework, we analyze six different types of compromised device scenarios with different resources and attack payloads. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed framework is the first in detecting compromised CPS smart grid devices with system and function-level call tracing techniques. The experimental results reveal an excellent rate for the detection of compromised devices. Specifically, performance metrics include accuracy values between 95% and 99% for the different attack scenarios. Finally, the performance analysis demonstrates that the use of the proposed framework has minimal overhead on the smart grid devices' computing resources.
Audio visual scene analysis using spherical arrays and cameras. (2010)

While audition and vision are used together by living beings to make sense of the world, the observation of the world using machines in applications such as surveillance and robotics has proceeded largely separately. We describe the use of spherical microphone arrays as “audio cameras” and spherical array of video cameras as a tool to perform multi-modal scene analysis that attempts to answer questions such as “Who?,”, “What?,” “Where?,” and “Why?.” Signal processing algorithms to identify the number of people and their identities and to isolate and dereverberate their speech using multi-modal processing will be described. The use of graphics processor based signal processing allows for real-time implementation of these algorithms. [Work supported by ONR.]
Decompose to manipulate: Manipulable Object Synthesis in 3D Medical Images with Structured Image Decomposition (2018)

The performance of medical image analysis systems is constrained by the quantity of high-quality image annotations. Such systems require data to be annotated by experts with years of training, especially when diagnostic decisions are involved. Such datasets are thus hard to scale up. In this context, it is hard for supervised learning systems to generalize to the cases that are rare in the training set but would be present in real-world clinical practices. We believe that the synthetic image samples generated by a system trained on the real data can be useful for improving the supervised learning tasks in the medical image analysis applications. Allowing the image synthesis to be manipulable could help synthetic images provide complementary information to the training data rather than simply duplicating the real-data manifold. In this paper, we propose a framework for synthesizing 3D objects, such as pulmonary nodules, in 3D medical images with manipulable properties. The manipulation is enabled by decomposing of the object of interests into its segmentation mask and a 1D vector containing the residual information. The synthetic object is refined and blended into the image context with two adversarial discriminators. We evaluate the proposed framework on lung nodules in 3D chest CT images and show that the proposed framework could generate realistic nodules with manipulable shapes, textures and locations, etc. By sampling from both the synthetic nodules and the real nodules from 2800 3D CT volumes during the classifier training, we show the synthetic patches could improve the overall nodule detection performance by average 8.44% competition performance metric (CPM) score.
Dielectrophoretic Manipulation of Particles for Use in Microfluidic Devices (1999)

Abstract Amplification and hybridization of DNA are commonly used techniques to verify the presence of a specific DNA sequence in a test sample. Automatic sample handling to concentrate and purify a sample prior to amplification is desirable to increase the sensitivity of the test, to reduce the possibility of sample contamination such as inhibitors and to reduce reagent use. This paper explores the use of the dielectrophoretic force to manipulate DNA, Bacillus globigii spores and Erwinia herbicola bacteria to provide both concentration and purification as part of the sample handling functions in biological assay equipment. It was found that typical microfabricated structures with electrode gaps of 30μm operating at 5V could achieve very effective concentration of these particles.
A09 Development of Waste Heat Recovery Stirling Engine for Electric Propulsion Ship : 1st Report, Development of Practical Stirling Engines and Engine Design (2011)

We have tried to develop a heat recovery system with Stirling engine generator from a marine Diesel engine since 2005. In this paper, we report results of our research project related the waste heat recovery Stirling engine for an electric propulsion ship. Also we discuss about technical subjects for practical design.
Discharge Characteristics of Lithium Battery Electrodes with a Semiconducting Polymer Studied by Continuum Modeling and Experiment (2014)

International audience
Serotonin in migraine: Theories, animal models and emerging therapies (1998)

A role for serotonin in migraine has been supported by changes in circulating levels of serotonin and its metabolites during the phases of a migraine attack, along with the ability of serotonin-releasing agents to induce migraine-like symptoms. The development of serotonin receptor agonists with efficacy in the clinic for the alleviation of migraine pain further implicates serotonin as a key molecule in migraine. Several theories regarding the etiology of migraine have been proposed. The vasodilatory theory of migraine suggested that extracranial arterial dilation during an attack was related to migraine pain; a theory supported when vasoconstrictors such as sumatriptan alleviated migraine pain. The neurological theory of migraine proposed that migraine resulted from abnormal firing in brain neurons. Cortical spreading depression, one facet of the neurological theory, could explain the prodrome of migraine. The neurogenic dural inflammation theory of migraine supposed that the dural membrane surrounding the brain became inflamed and hypersensitive due to release of neuropeptides from primary sensory nerve terminals. Substance P, calcitonin gene related peptide and nitric oxide are all though to play a role in the dural inflammatory cascade. Animal models of migraine have been utilized to study the physiology of migraine and develop new pharmaceutical therapies. One model measures the shunting of blood to arteriovenous anastomoses based on a proposal that migraine primarily involves cranial arteriovenous vasodilation. Another model utilizes electrical stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion to induce neurogenic dural inflammation quantified by the resulting extravasation of proteins. Pharmacological agents such as meta-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) and nitroglycerin have also been used to induce dural extravasation in animals. Both compounds also induce migraine attacks in individuals with a history of migraine. In addition, Fos, a protein produced by activation of the c-fos gene, has been measured as an index of migraine-like pain transmission to the CNS following chemical or electrical stimulation of the trigeminal nerve. A role for serotonin in migraine is further supported by the efficacy of serotonin receptor ligands. Sumatriptan is an agonist at 5-HT1D and 5-HT1B receptor subtypes, and effective in treating migraine pain and associated symptoms. Recently, selective 5-HT1F agonists have been proposed for the treatment of migraine, without the side effects associated with the present 5-HT1D and 5-HT1B receptor agonists. A role for 5-HT2B receptors has also been suggested the initiation of migraine, supporting use of selective 5-HT2B receptor antagonists in migraine. Thus, agents that modulate 5-HT1B, 5-HT1D, 5-HT1F and 5-HT2B receptors either have or may have clinical utility in the therapy of migraine headache.
Cognition Network Technology: Object Orientation and Fractal Topology in Biomedical Image Analysis. Method and Applications (2006)

Data analysis in general and image analysis in particular require multi-scale approaches when dealing with complex structures. Relational information between structures on different scales needs to be taken into account. In many application fields, automated image interpretation still is a significant bottleneck due to the lack of appropriate image analysis technology. A new approach, Cognition Network Technology, is presented that was developed to handle and analyze complex data. This contribution focuses on how it handles and analyzes image data based on an object oriented, hierarchical and networked data model. A specific programming language allows building a semantic knowledge base that is used to interpreting image data by creating and processing instances of this data model. In many operational analysis tasks the approach has proven to produce reliable results fully automatically. It especially extracts structures of interest even in challenging cases such as low signal to noise ratio images, heterogeneous or variable structures of interest or tasks which include a complex semantic.
Glycated cholecystokinin-8 has an enhanced satiating activity and is protected against enzymatic degradation. (1998)

Monoglycated cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) (glucitol-Asp1 adduct) modified at the NH2-terminus was prepared under hyperglycemic conditions, purified by high-performance liquid chromatography, and characterized by mass spectrometry (Mr 1228.4 Da) and peptide sequencing. CCK-8 (100 nmol/kg, i.p.) significantly (P < 0.001) reduced voluntary food intake of fasted mice for up to 30 min after its administration, compared with saline-administered controls. Glycated CCK-8 reduced food intake at 30-120 min (P < 0.01 to P < 0.001) and significantly reduced feeding compared with CCK-8 from 60 to 120 min (P < 0.01). In vitro plasma degradation studies indicated that glycated CCK-8 was resistant to the normal rapid enzymatic conversion to CCK fragments. This study demonstrated that CCK-8 is a potent short-term inhibitor of food intake, and that structural modification of this peptide by amino-terminal glycation leads to enhanced satiating activity, partially due to increased resistance to serum aminopeptidase degradation.
A micromachined Kelvin probe with integrated actuator for microfluidic and solid-state applications (2005)

This paper reports on a micromachined Kelvin probe structure with an integrated scanning tip and an integrated electrothermal actuator that provides axial dithering motion. The device is fabricated from metal foil by a modified microelectrodischarge machining process that allows electrical isolation within the device. In particular, it permits the incorporation of a wide epoxy plug that creates an insulating gap with low parasitic capacitance between the probe and the actuator. The epoxy structures are found to withstand the thermal and mechanical conditions encountered during device operation. The device is used to measure changes in the external surface potential of a parylene microfluidic channel as a function of varying pH of liquid inside the channel. A contact potential difference of /spl ap/6 V is measured for a change in pH from 4 to 8 within the channel. The device is also used to map embedded charge in a thin SiO/sub 2/ layer on a Si substrate, showing it to be suitable for monitoring microelectronics manufacturing processes.
Adaptive optimization for digital carrier phase estimation in optical coherent receivers (2008)

We present a novel method to monitor and adaptively optimize digital carrier phase estimation in optical coherent receivers. This guarantees the optimal performance irrespective of the differences and changes in devices and transmission channels.