gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A low-power coarse-fine time-to-digital converter in 65nm CMOS (2015)

A low-power coarse-fine time-to-digital converter (TDC) with a wide dynamic range and high time resolution is presented in this paper. The first stage is based on a buffer delay-line chain. Then the input signal and its adjacent reference clock are injected into a Vernier-delay-line (VDL) time-quantizer at the second stage for a finer resolution. The proposed architecture can provide high resolution with less hardware compared to the one-stage VDL TDC with the same dynamic range. A power-saving circuit is employed achieving >50% power reduction. A delay-tunable buffer is utilized to tolerate the process, voltage and temperature (PVT) variations. The design's parameter has been simulated and optimized in a 65nm CMOS process. The simulation results show a minimum time resolution of 6.15 ps and a maximum dynamic range of 1260 ps corresponding to 8bits resolution. The power consumption is 2.5 mW with the reference frequency of 40MHz.
2.5D Visual Sound (2018)

Binaural audio provides a listener with 3D sound sensation, allowing a rich perceptual experience of the scene. However, binaural recordings are scarcely available and require nontrivial expertise and equipment to obtain. We propose to convert common monaural audio into binaural audio by leveraging video. The key idea is that visual frames reveal significant spatial cues that, while explicitly lacking in the accompanying single-channel audio, are strongly linked to it. Our multi-modal approach recovers this link from unlabeled video. We devise a deep convolutional neural network that learns to decode the monaural (single-channel) soundtrack into its binaural counterpart by injecting visual information about object and scene configurations. We call the resulting output 2.5D visual sound---the visual stream helps lift the flat single channel audio into spatialized sound. In addition to sound generation, we show the self-supervised representation learned by our network benefits audio-visual source separation. Our video results: this http URL
Variation of Electrical Resistance and the Elastic Modulus of Shape Memory Alloys under Different Loading and Temperature Conditions (1995)

Shape memory alloys (SMA) have recently been proposed and demonstrated for several active control applications. However, there is only limited experimental information available on the properties of the SMA. The present paper focuses on variations of the dynamical Young's modulus, the damping characteristics, and the electrical resistance as a function of the various parameters, such as temperature and applied stresses and strains. Tests were performed to measure the dynamic Young's modulus and damping characteristics of various Smas using the Dynamical Mechanical Analysis (DMA) method. The experimental results show that the curve of the dynamic Young's modulus exhibits a trough shape, while the damping curve has a maximum peak during the martensite = austenite transformation. The variation of the electrical resistance of the SMAS was also measured during the phase transformation under the action of an applied stress. The results show that the applied stress plays a significant role on the electrical resistance, which not only affects its value, but also changes the phase transformation sequence. Furthermore, the effect of the strain on the electrical resistance of the SMA at different phase states (martensite, austenite, and stress induced martensite transformation) was observed. In the initial stage of deformation,, the electrical resistivity decreases as the strain increases, and demonstrates a unique functional relationship.
Reducing Size, Weight, and Power (SWaP) of Perception Systems in Small Autonomous Aerial Systems (2014)

The objectives are to examine recent trends in the reduction of size, weight, and power (SWaP) requirements of sensor systems for environmental perception and to explore new technology that may overcome limitations in current systems. Improving perception systems to facilitate situation awareness is critical in the move to introduce increasing autonomy in aerial systems. Whether the autonomy is in the current state-of-the-art of increasing automation or is enabling cognitive decisions that facilitate adaptive behavior, collection of environmental information and fusion of that information into knowledge that can direct actuation is imperative to decisions resulting in appropriate behavior. Artificial sensory systems such as cameras, radar, LIDAR, and acoustic sensors have been in use on aircraft for many years but, due to the large size and weight of the airplane and electrical power made available through powerful engines, the SWaP requirements of these sensors was inconsequential. With the proliferation of Remote Piloted Vehicles (RPV), the trend is in significant reduction in SWaP of the vehicles. This requires at least an equivalent reduction in SWaP for the sensory systems. A survey of some currently available sensor systems and changing technology will reveal the trend toward reduction of SWaP of these systems and will predict future reductions. A new technology will be introduced that provides an example of a desirable new trend. A new device replaces multiple conventional sensory devices facilitating synchronization, localization, altimetry, collision avoidance, terrain mapping, and data communication in a single integrated, small form-factor, extremely lightweight, and low power device that it is practical for integration into small autonomous vehicles and can facilitate cooperative behavior. The technology is based on Ultra WideBand (UWB) radio using short pulses of energy rather than continuous sine waves. The characteristics of UWB yield several desirable characteristics to facilitate integration of perception for autonomous activities. The capabilities of this device and its limitations will be assessed.
Speech processing technologies and telecommunications applications at NTT (2002)

The paper describes major research and development in speech recognition and synthesis technologies at NTT from the telecommunications applications viewpoint. Technologies include speaker-dependent, speaker-independent word recognition based on DP matching, speaker-independent word spotting based on HMM, large vocabulary speaker-independent continuous speech recognition based on HMM-LR and high-quality Japanese text-to-speech synthesis. A commercial ANSER system that uses speech recognition and synthesis technologies is also introduced.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Capturing Information Flows inside Android and Qemu Environments (2013)

The smartphone market has grown so wide that it assumed a strategic relevance. Today the most common smartphone OSs are Google's Android and Apple's iOS. The former is particularly interesting due to its open source nature, that allows everyone to deeply inspect every aspect of the OS. Android source code is also bundled with an hardware emulator, based on the open source software Qemu, that allows the user to run the Android OS without the need of a physical device. We first present a procedure to extract information flows from a generic system. We then focus on Android and Qemu architectures and their logging infrastructures. Finally, we detail what happens inside an Android device in a particular scenario: the system boot.
Representing “The Rocket”: The Filmic Use of Maurice Richard in Canadian History (2014)

Abstract In the late 1950s, a team of French-Canadian filmmakers at the National Film Board of Canada (NFB) began working in the new techniques of cinema verité (direct cinema). They focused their cameras on moments of everyday life, capturing folkloric elements of Québécois culture as well as sporting moments. One figure who appears in a number of productions is Maurice “The Rocket” Richard, star forward with the National Hockey League’s Montreal Canadiens and an iconic figure in French-Canadian society at a time when nationalist sentiments were bubbling to the surface. This paper examines two feature-length documentary films—Un jeu si simple (1964) and Peut-être Maurice Richard (1971)—as well as two short animated films—Mon numéro 9 en or (1972) and The Sweater (1980)—to consider The Rocket mediated through filmic images. It is about the myth as much as the man, seen through the filmmaker’s lens.
Impact of workload partitionability on the performance of coupling architectures for transaction processing (2003)

The authors present an analytical study on the robustness (in terms of performance) of three coupling architectures for transaction processing, namely, shared nothing (SN), shared disk (SD), and shared intermediate memory (SIM), where a shared intermediate level of memory, which is at the next level to the main memory in the storage hierarchy, is introduced. Affinity clustering of workload, which attempts to partition the transactions into affinity clusters according to their database reference patterns, can be used to reduce the coupling degradation under the different architectures. However, partitioning the workload based on affinity and at the same time balancing the load in each cluster is a difficult task, and sometimes cannot be achieved. The authors investigate the impact of affinity clustering on the performance of these three different architectures under various types of workloads.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Depressed Patients Have Decreased Binding of Tritiated Imipramine to Platelet Serotonin 'Transporter' (1981)

The high-affinity tritiated (3H) imipramine binding sites are functionally (and perhaps structurally) associated with the presynaptic neuronal and platelet uptake sites for serotonin. Since there is an excellent correlation between the relative potencies of a series of antidepressants in displacing 3H-imipramine from binding sites in human brain and platelet, we have examined the binding of 3H-imipramine to platelets from 14 depressed patients and 28 age- and sex-matched controls. A highly significant decrease in the number of 3H-imipramine binding sites, with no significant change in the apparent affinity constants, was observed in platelets from the depressed patients compared with the controls. These results, coupled with previous studies showing a significant decrease in the maximal uptake of serotonin in platelets from depressed patients, suggest that an inherited or acquired deficiency of the serotonin transport protein or proteins may be involved in the pathogenesis of depression.
Eosinophilic fasciitis. A pathologic study of twenty cases. (1979)

This report presents a detailed light-microscopic evaluation of biopsies obtained from 20 patients with eosinophilic fasciitis, a newly recognized disorder characterized by inflammation and thickening of the deep fascia, hypergammaglobulinemia, and peripheral and tissue eosinophilia. Early in the course of the disease, the deep fascia and lower subcutis are edematous and infiltrated with lymphocytes, plasma cells, histiocytes, and eosinophils; these features are associated with impressive peripheral eosinophilia. As the illness progresses, these structures and eventually the dermis become collagenized, thickened, and sclerotic. Tissue eosinophilia may be focal or diffuse and is usually observed in the fascia and/or lower subcutis. Extracutaneous involvement has been limited to a chronic synovitis and tenosynovitis, the latter frequently associated with the carpal tunnel syndrome. Deposits of immunoglobulin and/or complement were found in five of eight biopsies studied by direct immunofluorescence, which suggests that an immunologic stimulus may be responsible for initiating this syndrome. Differential diagnoses are discussed.
Real-Time Tracking of Visually Attended Objects in Virtual Environments and Its Application to LOD (2008)

This paper presents a real-time framework for computationally tracking objects visually attended by the user while navigating in interactive virtual environments. In addition to the conventional bottom-up (stimulus-driven) saliency map, the proposed framework uses top-down (goal-directed) contexts inferred from the user's spatial and temporal behaviors, and identifies the most plausibly attended objects among candidates in the object saliency map. The computational framework was implemented using GPU, exhibiting high computational performance adequate for interactive virtual environments. A user experiment was also conducted to evaluate the prediction accuracy of the tracking framework by comparing objects regarded as visually attended by the framework to actual human gaze collected with an eye tracker. The results indicated that the accuracy was in the level well supported by the theory of human cognition for visually identifying single and multiple attentive targets, especially owing to the addition of top-down contextual information. Finally, we demonstrate how the visual attention tracking framework can be applied to managing the level of details in virtual environments, without any hardware for head or eye tracking.
Directed Sample Interrogation Utilizing an <u>A</u>ccurate <u>M</u>ass <u>Ex</u>clusion-Based Data-Dependent Acquisition Strategy (AMEx) (2009)

The ability to perform thorough sampling is of critical importance when using mass spectrometry to characterize complex proteomic mixtures. A common approach is to reinterrogate a sample multiple times by LC-MS/MS. However, the conventional data-dependent acquisition methods that are typically used in proteomics studies will often redundantly sample high-intensity precursor ions while failing to sample low-intensity precursors entirely. We describe a method wherein the masses of successfully identified peptides are used to generate an accurate mass exclusion list such that those precursors are not selected for sequencing during subsequent analyses. We performed multiple concatenated analytical runs to sample a complex cell lysate, using either accurate mass exclusion-based data-dependent acquisition (AMEx) or standard data-dependent acquisition, and found that utilization of AMEx on an ESI-Orbitrap instrument significantly increases the total number of validated peptide identifications relative to a standard DDA approach. The additional identified peptides represent precursor ions that exhibit low signal intensity in the sample. Increasing the total number of peptide identifications augmented the number of proteins identified, as well as improved the sequence coverage of those proteins. Together, these data indicate that using AMEx is an effective strategy to improve the characterization of complex proteomic mixtures.
The systematic design of instruction (1978)

Preface To the Instructor Chapter 1: Introduction to Instructional Design Chapter 2: Identifying Instructional Goals Using Front-End Analysis Chapter 3: Conducting a Goal Analysis Chapter 4: Identifying Subordinate and Entry Skills Chapter 5: Analyzing Learners and Contexts Chapter 6: Writing Performance Objectives Chapter 7: Developing Assessment Instruments Chapter 8: Developing an Instructional Strategy Chapter 9: Developing Instructional Materials Chapter 10: Designing and Conducting Formative Evalutations Chapter 11: Revising Instructional Materials Chapter 12: Designing and Conducting Summative Evaluations Glossary of Terms Index
Characterization of short-duration voltage events (2012)

For proper analysis and mitigation of short duration voltage variations, such as sag (dip), swell and interruption, their characterization in terms of magnitude and duration is essential. The short duration voltage events are quantified by calculating the RMS voltage. Although, there are several methods to calculate the RMS values, no method that can be standardized. This paper aims firstly to investigate the parameters that influence greatly RMS voltage calculations. Secondly, the quadrature method for calculating RMS voltage is utilized for power quality events detection. The quadrature method has been examined on several voltage events, such as sag, swell and interruption voltages. The results of the utilized method have been compared with those of conventional methods. The results demonstrate the superiority, accuracy, and robustness of the quadrature method for all cases considered.
Enhanced sodium sensitivity and disturbed circadian rhythm of blood pressure in essential hypertension (2006)

In patients with essential hypertension, an inter-relationship exists among metabolic syndrome, enhanced sodium sensitivity of the blood pressure and non-dipping. The elevated risk of cardiovascular diseases in patients with metabolic syndrome may be related to sodium-sensitive hypertension and non-dipping.
The Rupe Rearrangement:  A New Efficient Method for Large-Scale Synthesis of Unsaturated Ketones in the Pilot Plant (2002)

During scale-up studies of a new steroidal drug, the Rupe rearrangement of an intermediate was investigated in detail. As the traditional method for this reaction was not adaptable safely to conditions for the pilot plant, a new procedure had to be developed. It was found that the reaction can be catalyzed by strongly acidic cation-exchange resins in a very economical way. The yield of the reaction product was dramatically increased compared to that in the original method. From an environmental point of view, this method is also superior to traditional approaches as catalyst and solvent can be recycled and the waste streams are greatly reduced. The reaction was run successfully on a scale of 64 kg in the pilot plant. Furthermore, the procedure was applied successfully to several other steroids on a laboratory scale.
PnPOOD : Out-Of-Distribution Detection for Text Classification via Plug andPlay Data Augmentation (2021)

While Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection has been well explored in computer vision, there have been relatively few prior attempts in OOD detection for NLP classification. In this paper we argue that these prior attempts do not fully address the OOD problem and may suffer from data leakage and poor calibration of the resulting models. We present PnPOOD, a data augmentation technique to perform OOD detection via out-of-domain sample generation using the recently proposed Plug and Play Language Model (Dathathri et al., 2020). Our method generates high quality discriminative samples close to the class boundaries, resulting in accurate OOD detection at test time. We demonstrate that our model outperforms prior models on OOD sample detection, and exhibits lower calibration error on the 20 newsgroup text and Stanford Sentiment Treebank dataset (Lang, 1995; Socheret al., 2013). We further highlight an important data leakage issue with datasets used in prior attempts at OOD detection, and share results on a new dataset for OOD detection that does not suffer from the same problem.
Expression of Concern: A small molecule, LLL12 inhibits constitutive STAT3 and IL‐6‐induced STAT3 signaling and exhibits potent growth suppressive activity in human multiple myeloma cells (2011)

We characterized the effects of a newly developed signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor, LLL12 in multiple myeloma (MM) cells. LLL12 specifically inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation, nuclear localization, DNA binding activity, down-regulated STAT3 downstream genes, and induced apoptosis in MM cells. Importantly, LLL12 significantly inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation, induced apoptosis in primary MM cells which came from patients that were clinically resistant to lenalidomide and bortezomib. LLL12 is a potent inhibitor of cell proliferation with IC50 values ranging between 0.26 and 1.96 μM in MM and primary MM cells. LLL12 also inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation induced by interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interferon-α but not STAT1, STAT2, STAT4 and STAT6 phosphorylation induced by interferon-α, interferon-γ and IL-4 indicating the selectivity of LLL12 for STAT3. The selectively of LLL12 on STAT3 was further demonstrated on 21 protein kinases, which LLL12 had IC50 values ≥ 73.92 μM. In addition, the pretreatment of LLL12 blocked the promotion of the cell proliferation and resistance to lenalidomide by IL-6. Furthermore, LLL12 significantly blocked tumor growth of MM cells in mouse model. Our results indicate that LLL12 blocks constitutive STAT3 and IL-6 induced STAT3 signaling and may be a potential therapeutic agent for MM.
Outcomes of Intrarenal Bacillus Calmette-Guérin/Interferon-α2B for Biopsy-Proven Upper-Tract Carcinoma <i>in Situ</i> (2012)

This study demonstrates the safety and efficacy of intrarenal BCG/IFN maintenance therapy for patients with UT-CIS. Unlike other mechanisms of delivery, including percutaneous administration or reflux via double pigtail stents, this office-based technique spares the morbidity of a chronically indwelling nephrostomy tube or ureteral stent.
Admission and flow control for multimedia CDMA (2002)

QoS guarantees for an integrated CDMA system can be provided by a combination of admission and flow control. The admission control restricts the number of users in the system such that QoS requirements for all calls can be met. The flow control balances the system interference on a slot-by-slot basis such that bit error rate requirements are met for all users and the real-time users are given the highest priority. In this paper, we analyze the scenario of a single-cell DS-CDMA system carrying both voice and WWW users. A new admission control is proposed and analyzed for Web browsing sessions. The challenge in designing admission control for Web users is due to the fact that the Web traffic description is based on heavy tailed distributions. Thus, an accurate estimate for the average offered rate for a Web session is hard to compute. Our proposed admission scheme adaptively modifies the admission threshold at each time slot based on new average load measurements. The admission threshold is computed such that the probability of session dropping is maintained below a prescribed value. The flow control mechanism is an extension of the one proposed by C. Comaniciu et al. (2000), who used the residual capacity from voice users to allocate resources for WWW users.
Radial breathing mode of single-walled carbon nanotubes: Optical transition energies and chiral-index assignment (2005)

We present a comprehensive study of the chiral-index assignment of carbon nanotubes in aqueous suspensions by resonant Raman scattering of the radial breathing mode. We determine the energies of the first optical transition in metallic tubes and of the second optical transition in semiconducting tubes for more than 50 chiral indices. The assignment is unique and does not depend on empirical parameters. The systematics of the so-called branches in the Kataura plot are discussed; many properties of the tubes are similar for members of the same branch. We show how the radial breathing modes observed in a single Raman spectrum can be easily assigned based on these systematics. In addition, empirical fits provide the energies and radial breathing modes for all metallic and semiconducting nanotubes with diameters between 0.6 and 1.5 nm. We discuss the relation between the frequency of the radial breathing mode and tube diameter. Finally, from the Raman intensities we obtain information on the electron-phonon coupling.
Asymmetric Self‐ and Cross‐Aldol Reactions of Glycolaldehyde Catalyzed by <scp>D</scp>‐Fructose‐6‐phosphate Aldolase (2009)

New facets of enzyme activity: D-Fructose-6-phosphate aldolase (FSA) catalyzes the self-aldol reaction of glycolaldehyde (GA) and its cross-aldol addition to other aldehydes. As the affinity of GA for FSA as a donor is higher than that as an acceptor, cross-aldol reactions are possible with good to poor aldehyde acceptors if the concentration of GA in the reaction is kept low.