gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic-Group-Aware Networks for Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction with Relational Reasoning (2022)

Demystifying the interactions among multiple agents from their past trajectories is fundamental to precise and interpretable trajectory prediction. However, previous works mainly consider static, pair-wise interactions with limited relational reasoning. To promote more comprehensive interaction modeling and relational reasoning, we propose DynGroupNet, a dynamic-group-aware network, which can i) model time-varying interactions in highly dynamic scenes; ii) capture both pair-wise and group-wise interactions; and iii) reason both interaction strength and category without direct supervision. Based on DynGroupNet, we further design a prediction system to forecast socially plausible trajectories with dynamic relational reasoning. The proposed prediction system leverages the Gaussian mixture model, multiple sampling and prediction refinement to promote prediction diversity, training stability and trajectory smoothness, respectively. Extensive experiments show that: 1)DynGroupNet can capture time-varying group behaviors, infer time-varying interaction category and interaction strength during trajectory prediction without any relation supervision on physical simulation datasets; 2)DynGroupNet outperforms the state-of-the-art trajectory prediction methods by a significant improvement of 22.6%/28.0%, 26.9%/34.9%, 5.1%/13.0% in ADE/FDE on the NBA, NFL Football and SDD datasets and achieve the state-of-the-art performance on the ETH-UCY dataset.
Formation, Structure, and Properties of Polymer Gels (1974)

A gel is taken to be a polymer?solvent system in which the polymer, present at very low concentration, forms a quite stable three-dimensional network in the solvent. Consideration is given to the properties of gels in which the network is formed both by chemical and by physical bonds; attention is paid mainly to the second group of gels, in which variation in temperature produces a reversible transition between gel and solution. Existing views on the thermodynamic nature and structure of gels are subjected to critical analysis, and specific gel-forming systems are examined. A detailed analysis is made of the macroscopic phenomena accompanying the reversible solution?gel transition, as well as the strength, rubber-elastic, plastic, and relaxation properties of gels. A list of 399 references is included.
A proposed feeding strategy for the overproduction of recombinant proteins in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2008)

Different feeding strategies for the production of human interferon-gamma using an isopropyl beta-D-thiogalactoside-inducible expression system in recombinant Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (plasmid pET3a-ifngamma) were studied. Four fed-batch modes were designed to compare the effect of mu (specific growth rate) on recombinant-protein production, substrate consumption, by-product formation and plasmid stability during pre- and post-chemical induction in high-cell-density cultures of E. coli. It was found that Y(p/s), the product/substrate yield of interferon-gamma was significantly affected by mu throughout the process, but product/biomass yield (Y(p/x)) was influenced by mu at the pre-induction stage. By applying an efficient feeding strategy, in which the mu was maintained at the maximum attainable level, recombinant protein was accumulated up to a level of 60% of the total cell protein and its productivity was increased significantly. In this case, the overall productivities of biomass and recombinant protein were 6.36 g l(-1) h(-1) and 2.1 g l(-1) h(-1) respectively, in comparison with 1.91 g l(-1) h(-1) and 0.16 g l(-1) h(-1) during exponential feeding, in which the specific growth rate was kept constant throughout the entire process.
Lt the Hon Leopold Scarlett RAN/RN (2016)

As the Australian nation gradually matured after the colonies federated in 1901, the debate turned to having an Australian fleet, rather than a British fleet based in Australia. After vigorous discourse it was decided that this fleet would include two English built submarines. The Vickers shipyard at Barrow- in-Furness was engaged and the two E Class submarines built for Australia were called AE1 and AE2 (with the 'A' to distinguish them from the Royal Navy E Class submarines, E1 to E56.)
Typed memory management in a calculus of capabilities (1999)

Region-based memory management is an alternative to standard tracing garbage collection that makes potentially dangerous operations such as memory deallocation explicit but verifiably safe. In this article, we present a new compiler intermediate language, called the Capability Calculus, that supports region-based memory management and enjoys a provably safe type system. Unlike previous region-based type systems, region lifetimes need not be lexically scoped and yet the language may be checked for safety without complex analyses. Therefore, our type system may be deployed in settings such as extensible operating systems where both the performance and safety of untrusted code is important. The central novelty of the language is the use of static capabilities to specify the permissibility of various operations, such as memory access and deallocation. In order to ensure capabilities are relinquished properly, the type system tracks aliasing information using a form of bounded quantification. Moreover, unlike previous work on region-based type systems, the proof of soundness of our type system is relatively simple, employing only standard syntactic techniques. In order to show our language may be used in practice, we show how to translate a variant of Tofte and Talpin's high-level type-and-effects system for region-based memory management into our language. When combined with known region inference algorithms, this translation provides a way to compile source-level languages to the Capability Calculus.
The Effect of Surface Modifiers on Ultraviolet Aging Properties of Nano-zinc Oxide Modified Bitumen (2014)

Nanocomposites based on bitumen and nano-zinc oxide with three surface modifiers, γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane (MTS), 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTS), and γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propytrimethoxysilane (EPTMS), have been prepared by melt blending. The influence of surface modifiers on ultraviolet (UV) aging properties of nano-zinc oxide modified bitumen was evaluated. The results show that MTS, APT, and EPTMS are successfully bound on the surface of nano-zinc oxide. The dispersion stability of nano-zinc oxide in bitumen is improved by three surface modifiers. Compared with MTS and EPTMS, APTS-nano-zinc oxide modified bitumen shows the lowest VAI values and carbonyl index after UV aging, indicating its good UV aging resistance.
Fusion of ETV6 to the Caudal-Related Homeobox Gene CDX2 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia With the t(12;13)(p13;q12) (1999)

The t(12;13)(p13;q12) is a rare, recurrent translocation reported in a range of hematological malignancies. We have analyzed the molecular basis of this lesion in three patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), two of whom were known to have chromosome 12 breakpoints within the ETV6 gene. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with ETV6 cosmids indicated that this gene was also disrupted in the third patient, while the normal ETV6 allele was retained. 3′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from bone marrow mRNA of this individual identified a novel sequence fused to ETV6 that was homologous to a region just upstream of the mouse CDX2 homeobox gene, the human homologue of which has previously been mapped to chromosome 13q12. PCR primers designed to amplify an ETV6-CDX2 fusion identified two major transcripts from this patient. First, a direct in-frame fusion between exon 2 of ETV6 and exon 2 of CDX2, and second, a transcript that had an additional sequence of unknown origin spliced between these same exons. Surprisingly, apparently normal CDX2 transcripts, usually expressed only in intestinal epithelium, were also detectable in cDNA from this patient. Neither normal nor fusion CDX2 mRNA was detectable in the two other patients with a t(12;13), indicating that this translocation is heterogeneous at the molecular level. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis showed that CDX2 mRNA, but not ETV6-CDX2 mRNA, was strongly expressed in 1 of 10 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in transformation, suggesting that deregulation of this gene may be more widespread in leukemia. CDX2 is known to regulate class I homeobox genes and its expression in hematopoietic cells may critically alter the balance between differentiation and proliferation.
New MFIS structure of sol gel-(Bi,La)/sub 4/Ti/sub 3/O/sub 12/ with silicon nitride buffer layer (2002)

Pt/Bi/sub 3.25/La/sub 0.75/Ti/sub 3/O/sub 12//Bi/sub 2/SiO/sub 5//Si/sub 3/N/sub 4//Si MFIS (Metal/Ferroelectric/Insulator/Semiconductor) structures were prepared by sol-gel method. Bi/sub 3.25/La/sub 0.75/Ti/sub 3/O/sub 12/ and Bi/sub 2/SiO/sub 5/ films were deposited at 800/spl deg/C. The Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ was made by exposing N/sub 2/ radicals to a Si substrate from a radical gun in a vacuum chamber at temperatures from 800/spl deg/C. The MIS diode with this Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ showed no hysteresis after any thermal treatment. 200 nm-thick Bi/sub 3.25/La/sub 0.75/Ti/sub 3/O/sub 12/ and 10 nm-thick Bi/sub 2/SiO/sub 5/ buffer films were formed by sol-gel method on a 1.8 nm thick Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ layer. The capacitance-vs-voltage (C-V) characteristic of the MFIS diode showed 1.4 V memory window for the +/-5V voltage scan. The memory window width agreed well with the polarization characteristics (remanent polarization Pr=0.9 /spl mu/ C/cm/sup 2/ and coercive field Ec=40 kV/cm) of a Bi/sub 3.25/La/sub 0.75/Ti/sub 3/O/sub 12/ film, which were measured using a Pt/c-axis-oriented 100 mn-thick Bi/sub 3.25/La/sub 0.75/Ti/sub 3/O/sub 12//Pt capacitor. Moreover, two capacitance values at zero-bias were kept constant for over 24 h, which indicates the retention characteristic of the diode is excellent.
Low Phase Noise Ku-Band VCO with Reduced Frequency Drift Across Temperature (2018)

A low phase noise Ku-band VCO fabricated in 130 nm BiCMOS technology is presented. The prototype 12.2–13.1 GHz VCO achieves a measured phase noise of −120.6 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. The VCO core consumes a power of 17.7 mW and attains a Figure of Merit (FOM) of 190. Temperature-compensation techniques are applied to MOSFET bias, switched capacitor bank bias and LDO voltages to reduce VCO frequency drift down to 7.6 MHz over a temperature range of −40°C to 125°C (578.4 ppm).
A Corbino Disk Apparatus to Measure Hall Mobilities in Amorphous Semiconductors (1972)

The Corbino disk technique finds a modern application in the measurement of the Hall mobility in amorphous semiconductors. Unlike conventional Hall effect experiments, the technique yields a direct measurement of the mobility and does not depend on a separate measurement of the conductivity. In addition, no voltage contacts are required. The apparatus described here is optimized for the regime of low mobility and high resistivity amorphous semiconductors but also works well on higher conductivity samples. The sensitivity of the apparatus is adequate to routinely measure mobilities to as low as 0.1 cm2/V·sec with a sample current of less than 1 mA at a frequency of 105 Hz and a magnetic field of up to 2 T. Under these conditions, reproducibility errors are less than 5%. Improvement in performance through the use of higher magnetic fields and digital signal averaging is discussed.
Topical varnish containing strontium in a sustained-release device as treatment for dentin hypersensitivity. (1991)

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of topical application of a sustained-release device in form of a varnish containing strontium chloride on dentinal hypersensitivity. Sixty teeth were selected in ten patients. The teeth were divided in a) varnish application containing strontium chloride, b) varnish application with no active ingredient, c) untreated teeth. Varnish application was carried out by the patients once daily for 30 days. Results show a marked decrease in hypersensitivity to both mechanical (54%) and thermal stimuli (38%) as compared to the placebo and untreated group.
The world wide wait: where does the time go? (2002)

The continuing explosive growth of the web has not been matched by an adequate enhancement of the infrastructure on which it depends. Both consumers and producers are often left frustrated at the disappointingly slow speed of service. Yet there has been little systematic attempt to analyse the sources of delay experienced by users. We present a structured timing model which covers the entire period from a user clicking on a URL to the resultant display becoming usable. The model is not predicated on any particular server, browser or networking infrastructure and provides a basis for discovering the constituent parts of the total delay as experienced by the user in any given situation. Only when the delay is broken down is it possible to make productive decisions about tuning systems and replacing hardware or software components. We illustrate the use of the model with reference to understanding and reducing delays encountered in Finesse, a widely distributed and highly interactive teaching and learning environment.
The Application of Medical Thermography to Discriminate Neuroischemic Toe Ulceration in the Diabetic Foot (2018)

This study aimed to determine whether thermal imaging can detect temperature differences between healthy feet, nonulcerated neuroischemic feet, and neuroischemic feet with toe ulcers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Participants were prospectively divided into 3 groups: T2DM without foot problems; a healthy, nonulcerated neuroischemic group, and an ulcerated neuroischemic group. Thermal images of the feet were obtained with automated segmentation of regions of interest. Thermographic images from 43 neuroischemic feet, 21 healthy feet, and 12 neuroischemic feet with active ulcer in one of the toes were analyzed. There was a significant difference in toe temperatures between the 3 groups ( P = .001), that is, nonulcerated neuroischemic (n = 181; mean temperature = 27.7°C [±2.16 SD]) versus neuroischemic ulcerated (n = 12; mean temperature = 28.7°C [±3.23 SD]), and healthy T2DM group (n = 104; mean temperature = 24.9°C [±5.04 SD]). A post hoc analysis showed a significant difference in toe temperatures between neuroischemic nonulcerated and healthy T2DM groups ( P = .001), neuroischemic ulcerated and healthy groups ( P = .001). However, no significant differences in toe temperatures were identified between the ulcerated neuroischemic and nonulcerated neuroischemic groups ( P = .626). There were no significant differences between the ulcerated toes (n = 12) and the nonulcerated toes (n = 57) of the same foot in the ulcerated neuroischemic group ( P = .331). Toe temperatures were significantly higher in neuroischemic feet with or without ulceration compared with healthy feet in patients with T2DM. There were no significant differences in temperatures of ulcerated toes and the nonulcerated toes of the same foot, implying that all the toes of the same foot could potentially be at risk of developing complications, which can be potentially detected by infrared thermography.
Die Logik der Serie. Fu Manchu, Fantômas und die serielle Produktion ideologischen Wissens (2012)

This paper explores the logic and aesthetics of seriality in its close conjunction with the structures of media modernity. It starts from the observation that to a substantial extent modern popular culture is serial culture. Its contention is that an investigation of the operative principles of popular seriality and their larger ideological parameters requires a set of instruments which are missing from the toolbox of popular culture studies. In consequence, it draws on theories of seriality which were formulated in the realm of political philosophy and social theory, by critics as diverse as Benedict Anderson or Jean-Paul Sartre, in order to discuss processes of ideological meaning-making and community formation in their serial dimension. The paper takes note of the fact that the expansive momentum of serial fiction is fueled by the resources of political, economic, and medial expansion, which were first developed in the nineteenth and then ramped up in the twentieth century. This interlinkage is not conceptualized in terms of a mere analogy, however, but rather understood as a relation of mutual mapping: a relation of reciprocity and cross-fertilization. Taking the eminently popular narratives around the serial figures Fu Manchu and Fantômas as case studies, the paper argues that the projects of popular serial narration do not only aim at a representation of the abstract processes of industrialization and global capitalism rooted in nineteenth century imperialism. They rather need to be seen as engines, as driving forces of the cycles of production and dissemination which inform the (late) capitalist ideologies of the modern industrial and media societies. ----------urn:nbn:de:hbz:6:3-20130513150526637-1779334-7
Large-Scale Synthesis of a Substituted <scp>d</scp>-Phenylalanine Using Asymmetric Hydrogenation (2011)

A synthetic route to an N-BOC d-phenylalanine pharmaceutical intermediate suitable for rapid scale-up to 150-kg scale was required. A seven-step route based on asymmetric hydrogenation of an N-acetyl dehydroamino-acid was developed. Starting with terephthalic dialdehyde, monoreduction of one aldehyde group, Erlenmeyer condensation, and ring-opening/O-deacetylation with methanol provided the 4-(hydroxymethyl)-substituted dehydrophenylalanine hydrogenation substrate. Asymmetric hydrogenation of this enamide using [((R,R)-Ethyl-DuPhos)Rh(COD)]BF4 proceeded in high enantiomeric excess. Subsequently, the cis-2,6-piperidyl group was introduced by mesylation/displacement, the BOC group was introduced, and acetyl and methyl ester groups were removed by basic hydrolysis. This route was used to manufacture 150 kg of the BOC amino acid 1.
A Graph-Based Database Partitioning Method for Parallel OLAP Query Processing (2018)

As the amount of data to process increases, a scalable and efficient horizontal database partitioning method becomes more important for OLAP query processing in parallel database platforms. Existing partitioning methods have a few major drawbacks such as a large amount of data redundancy and not supporting join processing without shuffle in many cases despite their large data redundancy. We elucidate the drawbacks arise from their tree-based partitioning schemes and propose a novel graph-based database partitioning method called GPT that improves query performance with lower data redundancy. Through extensive experiments using three benchmarks, we show that GPT significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art method in terms of both storage overhead and query performance.
High prevalence of S. pyogenes Cas9-specific T cell sensitization within the adult human population – A balanced effector/regulatory T cell response (2018)

Summary Paragraph The field of gene therapy has been galvanized by the discovery of the highly efficient and adaptable site-specific nuclease system CRISPR/Cas9 from bacteria. 1,2 Immunity against therapeutic gene vectors or gene-modifying cargo nullifies the effect of a possible curative treatment and may pose significant safety issues. 3-5 Immunocompetent mice treated with CRISPR/Cas9-encoding vectors exhibit humoral and cellular immune responses against the Cas9 protein, that impact the efficacy of treatment and can cause tissue damage. 5,6 Most applications aim to temporarily express the Cas9 nuclease in or deliver the protein directly into the target cell. Thus, a putative humoral antibody response may be negligible. 5 However, intracellular protein degradation processes lead to peptide presentation of Cas9 fragments on the cellular surface of gene-edited cells that may be recognized by T cells. While a primary T cell response could be prevented or delayed, a pre-existing memory would have major impact. Here, we show the presence of a ubiquitous memory/effector T cell response directed towards the most popular Cas9 homolog from Streptococcus pyogenes (SpCas9) within healthy human subjects. We have characterized SpCas9-reactive memory/effector T cells (T EFF ) within the CD4/CD8 compartments for multi-effector potency and lineage determination. Intriguingly, SpCas9-specific regulatory T cells (T REG ) profoundly contribute to the pre-existing SpCas9-directed T cell immunity. The frequency of SpCas9-reactive T REG cells inversely correlates with the magnitude of the respective T EFF response. SpCas9-specific T REG may be harnessed to ensure the success of SpCas9-mediated gene therapy by combating undesired T EFF response in vivo . Furthermore, the equilibrium of Cas9-specific T EFF and T REG cells may have greater importance in Streptococcus pyogenes-associated diseases. Our results shed light on the T cell mediated immunity towards the much-praised gene scissor SpCas9 and offer a possible solution to overcome the problem of pre-existing immunity.
A Hierarchical Approach for Generating Descriptive Image Paragraphs (2017)

Recent progress on image captioning has made it possible to generate novel sentences describing images in natural language, but compressing an image into a single sentence can describe visual content in only coarse detail. While one new captioning approach, dense captioning, can potentially describe images in finer levels of detail by captioning many regions within an image, it in turn is unable to produce a coherent story for an image. In this paper we overcome these limitations by generating entire paragraphs for describing images, which can tell detailed, unified stories. We develop a model that decomposes both images and paragraphs into their constituent parts, detecting semantic regions in images and using a hierarchical recurrent neural network to reason about language. Linguistic analysis confirms the complexity of the paragraph generation task, and thorough experiments on a new dataset of image and paragraph pairs demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
[2 + 2] Photocycloadditions of thiomaleimides (2012)

Thiomaleimides, generated by the addition of bromomaleimides to thiols including cysteine, undergo highly efficient [2+2] photocycloadditions.
Selective Inhibitors of Human Neuraminidase 3 (2018)

Human neuraminidases (NEU) are associated with human diseases including cancer, atherosclerosis, and diabetes. To obtain small molecule inhibitors as research tools for the study of their biological functions, we designed a library of 2-deoxy-2,3-didehydro- N-acetylneuraminic acid (DANA) analogues with modifications at C4 and C9 positions. This library allowed us to discover selective inhibitors targeting the human NEU3 isoenzyme. Our most selective inhibitor for NEU3 has a K<sub>i</sub> of 320 ± 40 nM and a 15-fold selectivity over other human neuraminidase isoenzymes. This inhibitor blocks glycolipid processing by NEU3 in vitro. To improve their pharmacokinetic properties, various esters of the best inhibitors were synthesized and evaluated. Finally, we confirmed that our best compounds exhibited selective inhibition of NEU orthologues from murine brain.
An accurate and computationally-efficient model of boron implantation through screen oxide layers into (100) single-crystal silicon (2002)

In this paper is presented the development of the first computationally-efficient and accurate model for boron implants into single-crystal silicon through screen oxide layers with explicit dependence on implant energy, dose, tilt angle, rotation angle and oxide thickness. As the basis of this model, a very detailed study has been performed on the effects of screen oxides on tilt and rotation angle, dose, and energy dependency of boron profiles. This model has been implemented into SUPREM 3 in order to demonstrate its capabilities, a number of which are illustrated in this paper.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>