gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A global network management framework for the 90s (2002)

Network management has been recognized as one of the most challenging problems facing the network community. Managing communications resources (that are diverse, heterogeneous, and produced by a wide range of vendors) via current network management solutions imposes major obstacles. Network management systems (NMS), that are currently available in the market, utilize standards-based as well as proprietary network management systems. Vendors recognize the need for "Open" NMS products and frequently announce new products (based on the international standards (IS and draft IS, DIS) and frameworks). This paper summarizes the challenges faced by the network manager who needs to manage today's networks and addresses the difficulties associated with implementing standards-based network management software in existing systems. This paper also identifies emerging network standards/profiles and their migration strategy. The author proposes a standard-based integrated NMS (INMS) architecture, that is loosely coupled, flexible, and easily expandable. Furthermore, this architecture will provide a stable yet flexible framework upon which an interoperable communications and network management system can be built. This proposed INMS architecture will conform to existing standards and emerging international standards (Simple Network Management Protocol, (SNMP), OSI Management Standards, Government Network Management Profile (GNMP), OSI/NM Forum standards, draft DoD-MIL-STD-38000, and OMNIPoints).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synthesis and Characterization of Biodegradable Lignin Nanoparticles with Tunable Surface Properties (2016)

Lignin nanoparticles can serve as biodegradable carriers of biocidal actives with minimal environmental footprint. Here we describe the colloidal synthesis and interfacial design of nanoparticles with tunable surface properties using two different lignin precursors, Kraft (Indulin AT) lignin and Organosolv (high-purity lignin). The green synthesis process is based on flash precipitation of dissolved lignin polymer, which enabled the formation of nanoparticles in the size range of 45-250 nm. The size evolution of the two types of lignin particles is fitted on the basis of modified diffusive growth kinetics and mass balance dependencies. The surface properties of the nanoparticles are fine-tuned by coating them with a cationic polyelectrolyte, poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride). We analyze how the colloidal stability and dispersion properties of these two types of nanoparticles vary as a function of pH and salinities. The data show that the properties of the nanoparticles are governed by the type of lignin used and the presence of polyelectrolyte surface coating. The coating allows the control of the nanoparticles' surface charge and the extension of their stability into strongly basic regimes, facilitating their potential application at extreme pH conditions.
Mid-IR quantum cascade lasers as an enabling technology for a new generation of chemical analyzers for liquids (2010)

This presentation introduces a chemical analyzer (The ERACHECK) which is based on quantum cascade laser technology for measuring oil-in-water. Using these mid-IR lasers, it was possible to develop a portable, robust and highly precise analyzer for the measurement of oil-in-water, a parameter which is vital in the petrochemical industry for process control and environmental analysis. The overall method employs a liquid-liquid extraction step of the aqueous sample using a cyclic, aliphatic hydrocarbon such as cyclohexane. Quantification is based on measurement of the C-H deformation vibrations of the extracted hydrocarbons in the cyclic extraction solvent. The developed method is linear from 0.5 - 2000 ppm of oil in water, with precisions well below 15% in terms of r.s.d for repeated measurements. The portability of the ERACHECK and its robustness has been key for its successful use on oil rigs as well as petrochemical production sites on land. The values provided by the ERACHECK correlate well with those obtained by the former CFC (Freon 113) based method for oil in water, which is no longer in use in industrialized countries due to the ozone depleting effect of the CFCs employed.
Computed arthrotomography of glenohumeral instability. (1994)

In spite of recent advances in imaging technology, computed arthrotomography continues to be a useful imaging modality for shoulder evaluation. The spatial resolution of computed tomography (CT) and the longer clinical experience continue to provide advantages over magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Computed arthrotomography remains a simple and reliable method for evaluation of the glenoid labrum in patients with shoulder instability.
New Insights Into Metastasis (2001)

The metastatic cell is a tumor's stealth invader: able to slip into foreign territory, set up a beachhead, and grow until it kills. Indeed, it's the metastases, not the primary cancer, that usually defeat oncologists' efforts to cure their patients. Results published online today by Science (http://www.sciencexpress.org/) now pinpoint a genetic change that may help colon cancer cells metastasize to the liver—information that could help researchers develop drugs to stanch the invasion.
Enhanced multiplexing in mass cytometry using osmium and ruthenium tetroxide species (2016)

Mass cytometry facilitates high-dimensional, quantitative, single-cell analysis. The method for sample multiplexing in mass cytometry, called mass-tag cellular barcoding (MCB), relies on the covalent reaction of bifunctional metal chelators with intracellular proteins. Here, we describe the use of osmium and ruthenium tetroxides (OsO4 and RuO4 ) that bind covalently with fatty acids in the cellular membranes and aromatic amino acids in proteins. Both OsO4 and RuO4 rapidly reacted and allowed for MCB with live cells, crosslinked cells, and permeabilized cells. Given the covalent nature of the labeling reaction, isotope leaching was not observed. OsO4 and RuO4 were used in a 20-sample barcoding protocol together with palladium isotopes. As mass channels occupied by osmium and ruthenium are not used for antibody detection the number of masses effectively utilized in a single experiment is expanded. OsO4 and RuO4 can therefore be used as MCB reagents for a wide range of mass cytometry workflows. © 2016 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
Automated body weight prediction of dairy cows using 3-dimensional vision (2018)

The objectives of this study were to quantify the error of body weight prediction using automatically measured morphological traits in a 3-dimensional (3-D) vision system and to assess the influence of various sources of uncertainty on body weight prediction. In this case study, an image acquisition setup was created in a cow selection box equipped with a top-view 3-D camera. Morphological traits of hip height, hip width, and rump length were automatically extracted from the raw 3-D images taken of the rump area of dairy cows (n = 30). These traits combined with days in milk, age, and parity were used in multiple linear regression models to predict body weight. To find the best prediction model, an exhaustive feature selection algorithm was used to build intermediate models (n = 63). Each model was validated by leave-one-out cross-validation, giving the root mean square error and mean absolute percentage error. The model consisting of hip width (measurement variability of 0.006 m), days in milk, and parity was the best model, with the lowest errors of 41.2 kg of root mean square error and 5.2% mean absolute percentage error. Our integrated system, including the image acquisition setup, image analysis, and the best prediction model, predicted the body weights with a performance similar to that achieved using semi-automated or manual methods. Moreover, the variability of our simplified morphological trait measurement showed a negligible contribution to the uncertainty of body weight prediction. We suggest that dairy cow body weight prediction can be improved by incorporating more predictive morphological traits and by improving the prediction model structure.
Proposal of an Adaptive Firewall System in Collaboration with Extended DNS (2011)

With the popularity of the Internet services, network security becomes critical issue in the Internet world. Especially, the threats of malicious accesses make the firewall systems have to low down performance due to strict inspections. In this paper, we propose an adaptive firewall system in collaboration with DNS (Domain Name System) which introduces querier's IP address notification feature. With such a feature, the proposal system can identify whether each communication flow can be trusted or not by checking the querier's IP address and the DNS query target domain name. Then based on the result of checking, the firewall system adaptively decides specific operation for specific connection. Consequently, the trusted flows go through bypass route of higher bandwidth without heavy packet inspection while untrusted flows will be blocked or restricted by strict packet inspection. Thus, the firewall system totally accomplishes higher throughput.
Improving research recruitment through participant input (2021)

Abstract Background Recruitment of older adults into aging research is a challenge. Several research studies and clinical trials have failed due to low participant enrollment. Older adults face many barriers to study participation (mistrust of research, lack of transportation, health status, etc.), so special efforts must be made to recruit them into research. We created a recruitment questionnaire with the goal of understanding how to better promote the study and to obtain participant suggestions of groups and locations where the study team could recruit new participants. Method The Health and Aging Brain Study: Health Disparities (HABS‐HD) is a community based research study of cognitive aging in diverse communities. We designed a voluntary exit questionnaire for current study participants regarding their recruitment preferences. The questionnaire included the following questions: 1) How did you find out about the study? 2) How can we promote the study to someone similar to you? 3)Which of the following advertising methods do you prefer? 4) Do you know any organization/group that would benefit from the study information? Questionnaire data was compiled and analyzed to assess recruitment preferences and suggestions. Result The total number of participants who responded to the questionnaire was 413. 26.9% of respondents stated that they would prefer TV as their main advertising method, followed by the internet (23%) and postal service (mail) (22.7%). Word of mouth was listed as the best way to promote the study (26.9%) followed by community engagement (16.2%) and church (8.2%). When asked for names of organizations, participants recommended tradition groups such as churches, senior centers, and retirement homes. Participants also recommended groups such as rotary clubs, veterans associations, libraries, and the community college senior education program. Conclusion Participants can assist in recruitment efforts through suggesting organizations that study personnel may not have reached out to. The input allows for assessment of recruitment and the suggestions can broaden the study’s reach.
Mapping the conformational space accessible to BACE2 using surface mutants and cocrystals with Fab fragments, Fynomers and Xaperones (2013)

The aspartic protease BACE2 is responsible for the shedding of the transmembrane protein Tmem27 from the surface of pancreatic β-cells, which leads to inactivation of the β-cell proliferating activity of Tmem27. This role of BACE2 in the control of β-cell maintenance suggests BACE2 as a drug target for diabetes. Inhibition of BACE2 has recently been shown to lead to improved control of glucose homeostasis and to increased insulin levels in insulin-resistant mice. BACE2 has 52% sequence identity to the well studied Alzheimer's disease target enzyme β-secretase (BACE1). High-resolution BACE2 structures would contribute significantly to the investigation of this enzyme as either a drug target or anti-target. Surface mutagenesis, BACE2-binding antibody Fab fragments, single-domain camelid antibody VHH fragments (Xaperones) and Fyn-kinase-derived SH3 domains (Fynomers) were used as crystallization helpers to obtain the first high-resolution structures of BACE2. Eight crystal structures in six different packing environments define an ensemble of low-energy conformations available to the enzyme. Here, the different strategies used for raising and selecting BACE2 binders for cocrystallization are described and the crystallization success, crystal quality and the time and resources needed to obtain suitable crystals are compared.
Safe and Immunocompatible Nanocarriers Cloaked in RBC Membranes for Drug Delivery to Treat Solid Tumors (2016)

The therapeutic potential of nanoparticle-based drug carriers depends largely on their ability to evade the host immune system while delivering their cargo safely to the site of action. Of particular interest are simple strategies for the functionalization of nanoparticle surfaces that are both inherently safe and can also bestow immunoevasive properties, allowing for extended blood circulation times. Here, we evaluated a recently reported cell membrane-coated nanoparticle platform as a drug delivery vehicle for the treatment of a murine model of lymphoma. These biomimetic nanoparticles, consisting of a biodegradable polymeric material cloaked with natural red blood cell membrane, were shown to efficiently deliver a model chemotherapeutic, doxorubicin, to solid tumor sites for significantly increased tumor growth inhibition compared with conventional free drug treatment. Importantly, the nanoparticles also showed excellent immunocompatibility as well as an advantageous safety profile compared with the free drug, making them attractive for potential translation. This study demonstrates the promise of using a biomembrane-coating approach as the basis for the design of functional, safe, and immunocompatible nanocarriers for cancer drug delivery.
Carbon monoxide: Endogenous mediator, potential diagnostic and therapeutic target (2010)

The primary objectives of this article are to review the potential role of carbon monoxide (CO) as an endogenous mediator, diagnostic marker for pulmonary disorders, and therapeutic target in critical illness. The review will start by focusing on the importance of the heme oxygenase (HO)-CO axis as an endogenous system as it relates to the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems. It will elucidate the influence of HO gene expression on critical events like shock, sepsis, ischemia-reperfusion and others. Our focus will then shift and look at the potential diagnostic role of exhaled CO in major inflammatory states of the lung, and finally we will highlight the activities on inhaled CO being considered as a possible therapeutic tool and the controversies surrounding it.
La Francocracia española y la "cuestión catalana" / 1 (2018)

Angeles Diez, doctora en Ciencias Politicas y Sociologia, profesora de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, reflexiona en esta primera parte (la segunda en el proximo numero) sobre los rasgos que caracterizan al sistema politico vigente senalando sus graves deficiencias, heredadas en buena medida del franquismo.
Nonsense suppression activity of PTC124 (ataluren) (2009)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Proliferation and differentiation sequence of osteoblast histogenesis under physiological conditions in rat periodontal ligament (1985)

To define the mechanism of osteoblast histogenesis, nuclear morphometry was utilized as a marker for precursor cell differentiation. One hour after 3H-thymidine injection, groups of 7-week-old rats were killed at hourly intervals over one complete 24-hr photoperiod (LD 12:12). S-phase and mitosis were assessed in autoradiographs of 3-micron sections of molar periodontal ligament (PDL) adjacent to a physiological bone-forming surface. Labeled nuclei were divided into four categories according to morphometry of nuclear size: A (40-79 micron3), B (80-119 micron3), C (120-169 micron3), and D (greater than or equal to 170 micron3) cells. C and D cells synthesize DNA during the light and divide in the following dark phase; the rhythm for A cells is the opposite. B cells demonstrated no preference and were subsequently determined to be nonosteogenic. Compared to A cells the S-phase photoperiod of C and D cells (combined) is approximately a one-to-one reciprocal relationship, suggesting two proliferating progenitors in series. Based on arrest points in the histogenesis sequence, five compartments are defined: 1) A cells, less differentiated, self-perpetuating precursors; 2) A' cells, committed osteoprogenitors; 3) C cells, G1 stage preosteoblasts; 4) D cells, G2 stage preosteoblasts; and 5) Ob cells, morphologically distinct osteoblasts. Minimal elapsed time for the A----A'----C----D----Ob sequence is about 60 hr (five alternating dark/light cycles). A stress/strain-mediated increase in nuclear volume (A'----C) is an important, rate-limiting step in osteoblast differentiation.
Constraint driven I/O planning and placement for chip-package co-design (2006)

System-on-chip and system-in-package result in increased number of I/O cells and complicated constraints for both chip designs and package designs. This renders the traditional manually tuned and chip-centered I/O designs suboptimal in terms of both turn around time and design quality. In this paper we formally introduce a set of design constraints suitable for chip-package co-design. We formulate a constraint-driven I/O planning and placement problem, and solve it by a multi-step algorithm based upon integer linear programming. Experiment results using real industry designs show that the proposed algorithm can effectively find a large scale I/O placement solution and satisfy all given design constraints in less than 10 minutes. In contrast, the state-of-the-art without considering those design constraints simply cannot meet all design constraints by relying solely upon the conventional iterative approach.
Reducing the Feedback Overhead for Adaptive MIMO Multicarrier Transmission (2007)

Appropriate scheduling and link adaptation are key techniques to realize the significant throughput gain for systems which exploit multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) in conjunction with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). In many cases, however, achieving this gain requires feedback of the channel quality indication (CQI) information to the transmitter, which may lead to high overhead. In this paper, a method of reducing the total amount of feedback for adaptive multistream multicarrier transmission is proposed. This method can make flexible use of the fading channel variance by permuting the original CQI sequences according to certain permutation pattern, which forms the input of the CQI compression module. Through analysis and simulations, we find that the optimal permutation that minimize the amount of the feedback is determined by the fading parameters such as the coherent bandwidth and the antenna number, as well as by the multistream transmission scheme exploited.
<i>Case Study</i>: Closed-Loop Energy Management Control of Large Industrial Facilities (2003)

ABSTRACT A case study is presented of a closed-loop control system installed and running at a pulp and paper facility in the southeast. A fuzzy logic, ruled-based control system optimally loads multiple steam turbines for maximum electrical generation, while providing steam to the process. A sell advisor calculates make-buy decisions based on real-time electrical prices, fuel prices, and boiler loads. Condensing turbines are coordinated with closed-loop control to provide the lowest energy cost to the plant. When economical, additional electrical generation is achieved by venting low-pressure steam. By manipulating turbine loads, boilers are pushed to optimal loading through process coupling. Multi-variable control strategies push process envelopes to constraints.
Molecular dynamics simulations of carbon nanotube-based gears (1997)

We use a molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the properties and design space of molecular gears fashioned from carbon nanotubes with teeth added via a benzyne reaction known to occur with . Brenner's reactive hydrocarbon potential is used to model interatomic forces within each molecular gear. A Lennard - Jones 6 - 12 potential or the Buckingham potential plus electrostatic interaction terms are used for intermolecular interactions between gears. A number of gear and gear/shaft configurations are simulated on parallel computers. One gear is powered by forcing the atoms near the end of the nanotube to rotate, and a second gear is allowed to rotate by keeping the atoms near the end of its nanotube constrained to a cylinder. The meshing aromatic gear teeth transfer angular momentum from the powered gear to the driven gear. Results suggest that these gears can operate at up to 50 - 100 GHz in a vacuum at room temperature. The failure mode involves tooth slip, not bond breaking, so failed gears can be returned to operation by lowering the temperature and/or rotation rate.
Optical remote sensing of marine constituents in coastal waters: a feasibility study (1998)

Optical remote sensing of ocean color is a well-established technique for inferring ocean properties. However, most retrieval algorithms are based on the assumption that the radiance received by satellite instruments is affected only by the phytoplankton pigment concentration and correlated substances. This assumption works well for open ocean water but becomes questionable for coastal waters. To reduce uncertainties associated with this assumption, we developed a new algorithm for the retrieval of marine constituents in a coastal environment. We assumed that ocean color can be adequately described by a three-component model made up of chlorophyll a, suspended matter, and yellow substance. The simultaneous retrieval of these three marine constituents and of the atmospheric aerosol content was accomplished through an inverse-modeling scheme in which the difference between simulated radiances exiting the atmosphere and radiances measured with a satellite sensor was minimized. Simulated radiances were generated with a comprehensive radiative transfer model that is applicable to the coupled atmosphere-ocean system. The method of simulated annealing was used to minimize the difference between measured and simulated radiances. To evaluate the retrieval algorithm, we used simulated (instead of measured) satellite-received radiances that were generated for specified concentrations of aerosols and marine constituents, and we tested the ability of the algorithm to retrieve assumed concentrations. Our results require experimental validation but show that the retrieval of marine constituents in coastal waters is possible.
Single-mode, optical-fiber sensors and tunable wavelength filters based on the resonant excitation of metal-clad modes (1994)

The resonant excitation of metal-clad modes, including fundamental and higher-order modes, in a multilayer structure deposited on the polished cladding of a single-mode optical fiber is theoretically analyzed and experimentally demonstrated. The excitation of metal-clad modes is shown as a resonant power transfer from the fiber to the metal-clad mode that takes place for an external refractive-index value such that the effective index of the metal-clad mode reaches the cladding level. The observed attenuation on the TM polarization provides a suitable transducing mechanism for refractive-index sensor devices as well as the principle for developing tunable wavelength-polarized filters with a wide range of optical performance characteristics.