gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Model-Based Testing: An Evaluation (2010)

Testing is a critical activity in the software development process in order to obtain systems of high quality. Tieto typically develops complex systems, which are currently tested through a large number of manually designed test cases. Recent development within software testing has resulted in methods and tools that can automate the test case design, the generation of test code and the test result evaluation based on a model of the system under test. This testing approach is called model-based testing (MBT). This thesis is a feasibility study of the model-based testing concept and has been performed at the Tieto office in Karlstad. The feasibility study included the use and evaluation of the model-based testing tool Qtronic, developed by Conformiq, which automatically designs test cases given a model of the system under test as input. The experiments for the feasibility study were based on the incremental development of a test object, which was the client protocol module of a simplified model for an ATM (Automated Teller Machine) client-server system. The experiments were evaluated both individually and by comparison with the previous experiment since they were based on incremental development. For each experiment the different tasks in the process of testing using Qtronic were analyzed to document the experience gained as well as to identify strengths and weaknesses. The project has shown the promise inherent in using a model-based testing approach. The application of model-based testing and the project results indicate that the approach should be further evaluated since experience will be crucial if the approach is to be adopted within Tieto’s organization.
Formation of Linear Siloxane Polymers (1989)

Although regarded as a mature and established field, siloxane polymerization has some distinguishing features that are well described in the literature but are often overlooked. These features, as well as some of the more-recent observations and current thinking in this field, are reviewed briefly in this chapter. Two topics not usually included in other reviews, copolymerization and condensation polymerization, are also discussed.
Radio resource control protocol configuration for optimum Web browsing (2003)

Web browsing is expected to be one of the most widely used applications over the future generations of wireless networks. The radio resource control (RRC) protocol configuration for maximum radio system capacity and optimum application performance depends on the characteristics of the network, the system and the application data traffic. It is essential to estimate, a priori, the required values of the RRC protocol configuration parameters so that the system can be configured for optimum performance. In this paper we consider the support of Web browsing applications over the 3/sup rd/ generation wireless networks. We perform a sensitivity analysis of the Web browsing performance, system control overhead and the RRC protocol parameter values for various network and application characteristics. We also estimate these RRC parameter values for optimum operating condition considering realistic models of the network, system and applications. From the simulation results, we observe that the required system control overhead for optimum Web browsing performance is small in realistic scenarios of 3/sup rd/ generation wireless networks.
Recent advances in flexible organic light-emitting diodes (2016)

This review summarizes the recent achievements in flexible OLEDs involving transparent conductive electrodes, device fabrication, light extraction technologies, as well as encapsulation methods.
Impact of population structure in the design of RNA-based diagnostics for antibiotic resistance in <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> (2019)

ABSTRACT Quantitative assessment of antibiotic-responsive RNA transcripts holds promise for a rapid point of care (POC) diagnostic tool for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. These assays aim to distinguish susceptible and resistant isolates by transcriptional differences upon drug exposure. However, an often-overlooked dimension of designing these tests is that the genetic diversity within a species may yield differential transcriptional regulation independent of resistance phenotype. Here, we use a phylogenetically diverse panel of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and transcriptome profiling coupled with RT-qPCR to test this hypothesis, to identify azithromycin responsive transcripts and evaluate their potential diagnostic value, and to evaluate previously reported diagnostic markers for ciprofloxacin resistance ( porB and rpmB ). Transcriptome profiling confirmed evidence of population structure in transcriptional response to azithromycin. Taking this population structure into account, we found azithromycin-responsive transcripts overrepresented in susceptible strains compared to resistant strains, and selected four candidate diagnostic transcripts ( rpsO , rplN , omp3 , and NGO1079) that were the most significantly differentially regulated between phenotypes across drug exposure. RNA signatures for these markers categorically predicted resistance in 19/20 cases, with the one incorrect categorical assignment for an isolate at the threshold of reduced susceptibility. Finally, we found that porB and rpmB expression were not diagnostic of ciprofloxacin resistance in a panel of isolates with unbiased phylogenetic sampling. Overall, our results suggest that RNA signatures as a diagnostic tool are promising for future POC diagnostics; however, development and testing should consider representative genetic diversity of the target pathogen.
Machine learning and pattern matching in physical design (2015)

Machine learning (ML) and pattern matching (PM) are powerful computer science techniques which can derive knowledge from big data, and provide prediction and matching. Since nanometer VLSI design and manufacturing have extremely high complexity and gigantic data, there has been a surge recently in applying and adapting machine learning and pattern matching techniques in VLSI physical design (including physical verification), e.g., lithography hotspot detection and data/pattern-driven physical design, as ML and PM can raise the level of abstraction from detailed physics-based simulations and provide reasonably good quality-of-result. In this paper, we will discuss key techniques and recent results of machine learning and pattern matching, with their applications in physical design.
Changes in Polygalacturonase Isoenzymes during the ‘Ripening’ of Normal and Mutant Tomato Fruit (1980)

Polygalacturonase activity is not detectable in mature green tomato fruits but appears as fruits begin to change colour and continues to increase during the ripening period. There is a sequential appearance of two isoenzymes, polygalacturonase 1 and 2, during ripening. These isoenzymes have been purified and their properties compared. Polygalacturonase 1 has a M r of 100000, is 50% inactivated at 78° C and has a density of 1.343 g cm −3 in caesium chloride. Polygalacturonase 2 has a M r of 42000, is 50% inactivated at 57° C and has a density of 1. 300 g cm −3 in caesium chloride. Fruits from isogenic lines homozygous for the ‘Neverripe’ ( Nr ) mutation do not ripen normally and contain reduced amounts of polygalacturonase. Only polygalacturonase 1 is produced in Nr fruit. Tomatoes from isogenic lines homozygous for the ‘ripening inhibitor’ ( rin ) mutation do not ripen normally and produce very little detectable polygalacturonase. Although polygalacturonases 1 and 2 have different properties they both give rise to a single polypeptide on electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels in the presence of sodium dodecylsulphate ( M r = 46000). A comparison of the major fragments produced by limited proteolysis of polygalacturonase 1 and 2 with chymotrypsin suggests that the polypeptides from the two isoenzymes are similar. The same conclusion was reached from a comparison of polygalacturonase 1 and 2 by radioimmunoassay, using antibody prepared against polygalacturonase 2 and 125 I‐labelled polygalacturonase 2. The results from radioimmunoassay of extracts from green and ripening fruits suggest that the increase in polygalacturonase activity during ripening is due to net synthesis of protein.
Influence of Base Composition on Membrane Binding and Cellular Uptake of 10-mer Phosphorothioate Oligonucleotides in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CH <sup>R</sup> C5) Cells (1994)

A key problem in antisense therapeutics is the relatively poor cell uptake of oligonucleotides and subsequent transport to the cytoplasm and nucleus. Although the chemical characteristics of oligonucleotides seem likely to affect their uptake by cells, little is known about this issue. In this article we explore the effect of base composition on oligonucleotide uptake. We show that phosphorothioate homo-G oligomers have a distinctly greater cellular uptake than other phosphorothioate homooligomers. This is probably due to a greater initial association with the plasma membrane, because homo-G oligomers show the greatest binding to liposome membranes, when tested at physiological ionic strength. Under different buffer conditions appreciable differences in membrane binding to liposomes were detected for the various homooligonucleotides.
Human Lymphocyte Activation Gene-3 Molecules Expressed by Activated T Cells Deliver Costimulation Signal for Dendritic Cell Activation (2008)

Data have been reported on the in vivo adjuvant role of soluble lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) recombinant protein in mouse models and on its ability to support the in vitro generation of human, tumor-specific CTLs. In this study, we show that soluble human rLAG-3 protein (hLAG-3Ig) used in vitro as a single maturation agent induces phenotypic maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells and promoted the production of chemokines and TNF-alpha inflammatory cytokine. When given in association with optimal or suboptimal doses of CD40/CD40L, hLAG-3Ig functions as a strong costimulatory factor and induces full functional activation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells that includes the production of high level of IL-12p70. Moreover, evidence is here provided that this costimulatory function licensing dendritic cells to produce IL-12p70 is also a functional property of LAG-3 molecules when expressed in a physiological context by CD4(+) activated T cells. Altogether, these data show for the first time a role of LAG-3 in mediating dendritic cell activation when expressed on the T cell surface or released after specific Ag stimulation in the interspaces of immunological synapses.
Indian Silviculture and Research over the Century (1975)

Indian Forester which is celebrating its centenary in 1975 is the oldest journal on Tropical forestry. It also occupies the position as one of the world's pioneers in Forest Journalism. It is not a research publication though some articles could fairly be described as original contribution to technical knowledge. It was in 1906 that a systematic research on silviculture started In India with the establishment of Forest Research Institute at Dehra Dun since then much progress has been made. Valuable work was also done in some of the provinces namely Madras, Uttar Pradesh, Bengal and Punjab. Work on the subject such as Forest Botany, Entomology etc. was also initiated at Forest Research Institute. In the field of extraction and utilization of timber and other forest produce progress has also been made. Though much has been achieved during the Centenary 1875 to 1975, yet India has still many big problems to face in the forest management in the next 100 years upto 2075. However, there is the hope that these will also be speedily overcome as they arise.
Direct synthesis of microwave filters using inverse scattering transmission-line matrix method (2000)

This paper proposes a new design procedure for planar microwave filters based on the inversion of the one-dimensional transmission-line matrix (TLM) method. The essence of the technique is the solution of the inverse scattering problem using a TLM-based algorithm instead of using equivalent circuits. The procedure consists of determining the geometry of the obstacle that generates the desired scattered field. In the case of filters, this field is the time-domain input reflection coefficient, and the geometry is the impedance profile of the filter. The procedure was validated with the design of low-pass and bandstop filters. It can be used to create filters with arbitrary characteristics.
Clinical and electrocardiographic predictors of a positive response to cardiac resynchronization therapy in advanced heart failure (2005)

A positive response to CRT was observed in 73% of patients at 6 months and predicted only by DeltaQRS.
Three-dimensional analysis of BaZrO3 pinning centers gives isotropic superconductivity in GdBa2Cu3O7−δ (2010)

BaZrO 3 doped GdBa2Cu3O7−δ superconductor was prepared by pulsed layer deposition using a KrF excimer laser, which showed isotropic characteristics of critical current density, JC, for magnetic-field orientations, ∼4.0×109 A m−2 at 1.0 T. Microstructural and morphological characterization of resulting artificial pinning centers were conducted by transmission electron microscopy and electron tomography, which confirmed the presence of one-dimensional artificial pinning centers, BaZrO3 nanorods. Since there is noticeable anisotropy from GdBa2Cu3O7−δ superconductor without doping BaZrO3, the pinning observed for all magnetic-field orientations are due to the high density and high dispersion of these BaZrO3 nanorods with very wide angular distributions.
[Isolation of islands of Langerhans from human and porcine pancreas for transplantation to humans]. (1998)

The enormous variability of donor factors and organ procurement related variables prevent a constant isolation success, thus reducing the potential number of clinical islet transplants. Since the availability of intact and viable pancreatic donor tissue intended for islet transplantation is limited, the porcine pancreas was selected as a potential source of xenogeneic islets for human recipients. The differences of islet histomorphology between porcine and human pancreas result in a higher intrinsic fragility of porcine islets during collagenase digestion. Nevertheless, if the isolation method is modified to inhibit factors potentially toxic to pig islets, reproducibility of isolation success is higher in the pig as in the human due to a lower variability in donor characteristics and the opportunity of preselection in regard to age and race. If xenograft rejection can be overcome and the risk of xenosis can be minimized, the logistic prerequisites for xenotransplantation of large amounts of viable pig islets into human recipients with insulin dependent diabetes are fulfilled.
Theoretical predictive evaluation of new donor classes in Ziegler-Natta heterogeneous catalysis for propene isospecific polymerization (1998)

A correlative approach is illustrated in which some conformational features of Lewis bases used in Ziegler-Natta heterogeneous catalysts for isotactic poly(propylene) proved to be molecular descriptors strongly correlating with stereoregulating power and polymerization yield. They are both steric and statistical descriptors and have been obtained through the analysis of the entire rotational hypersurface of the considered compounds. The correlative study selected some of their values as necessary conditions for a good stereoregulating effect. Their calculation for new molecules led to the predictive evaluation of new chemical classes as efficient stereoregulating electron donors and to the choice of the most effective ones.
A T‐Shaped Nickel(I) Metalloradical Species (2017)

A T-shaped Ni<sup>I</sup> complex was synthesized using a rigid acridane-based pincer ligand to prepare a metalloradical center. Structural data displays a nickel ion is embedded in the plane of a PNP ligand. Having a sterically exposed half-filled dx2-y2 orbital, this three-coordinate Ni<sup>I</sup> species reveals unique open-shell reactivity including the homolytic cleavage of various σ-bonds, such as H-H, N-N, and C-C.
CMOS drivable electrostatic microactuator with large deflection (2002)

A new type of low voltage (11.8 V), large deflection (245 /spl mu/m), electrostatic microactuator has been developed. Its performance was achieved by using several cantilevers connected in series and bending continuously. All of the cantilevers require the same low voltage to bend as one single cantilever does. Each cantilever has a straight beam section and a curved beam section. Experiments show that the length of both beam sections is important in order to decrease the driving voltage. The actuator has a large hysteresis and has a critical voltage which is required to drive it. This required voltage is low enough to allow a CMOS device to drive the actuator. Moreover, a small solar cell panel was able to supply the actuator with the necessary power to drive it.
Design of a Reconfigurable Processor for NIST Prime Field ECC (2006)

This paper describes a reconfigurable processor that provides support for basic elliptic curve cryptographic (ECC) operations over GF(p), such as modular addition, subtraction, multiplication, and inversion. The proposed processor can be configured for any of the five NIST primes with sizes ranging from 192 to 521 bits
The ACTE Spiral Recuperator for Gas Turbine Engines (2002)

A new recuperator is now being introduced for small and micro-turbine applications. These applications are characterized by low pressure ratios, exhaust gas temperatures that are suitable for use with stainless steel, and a limited allowance for leakage that does not impair the performance. However high reliability is required, because microturbines typically experience 4000 start/stop cycles during their life, and have to be totally reliable when supplying electricity for applications that are independent of the grid. Recuperated gas turbines have a history of expensive installations, prone to cracking under thermal shocks. The ACTE recuperator has been specifically designed for reliablity, compactness and low cost. This paper shows how these seemingly conflicting requirements are met in the ACTE design.
Phase Ib study of regorafenib (REG) plus pembrolizumab (PEMBRO) for first-line treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). (2020)

564 Background: REG is a multikinase inhibitor with immunomodulatory activity and PEMBRO is an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody. Both are approved as monotherapy for patients (pts) with HCC previously treated with sorafenib. Based on their potential synergistic effects, we conducted a phase 1b study of REG plus PEMBRO for first-line treatment of advanced HCC. Methods: This is an ongoing, open-label, dose-escalation study in pts with advanced HCC who had no prior systemic therapy. In the first cohort, pts received REG 120 mg/day PO for 3 weeks on/1 week off plus PEMBRO 200 mg IV q 3 weeks. In later cohorts, the REG dose could be escalated (160 mg) or reduced (80 mg) based on the modified toxicity probability interval design; the PEMBRO dose is fixed. The primary objective is safety and tolerability. Secondary objectives are to define the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended phase 2 dose, and to assess antitumor activity. Results: As of August 23, 2019, 29 pts have been treated at the REG 120 mg level. Median age is 65 years (range 32–81); 41%/55% of pts are BCLC stage B/C; 100% are Child–Pugh A; ECOG status 0/1 is 72%/28%. Dose-limiting toxicities occurred in 4/18 evaluable pts: grade (Gr) 3 increased ALT/AST with Gr 2 increased bilirubin (n = 2); Gr 3 rash (n = 2). The MTD of REG in the combination was 120 mg. Most common Gr 3 or 4 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) are shown (n = 29). There were no Gr 5 TEAEs. 59%/31% of pts had REG/PEMRO-related Gr 3 or 4 TEAEs. Dose modifications (reductions or interruptions) of REG/PEMBRO for drug-related TEAEs occurred in 59%/31% of pts. Of 23 evaluable pts, 7 (30%) had a partial response (PR) and 14 (61%) had stable disease (RECIST v1.1); 1 additional pt had PR by mRECIST. Conclusions: The combination of REG plus PEMBRO for first-line treatment of advanced HCC showed no unexpected safety signals and encouraging antitumor activity. Accrual is continuing at REG 120 mg dose and an expansion cohort evaluating REG 80 mg plus PEMBRO is planned. Clinical trial information: NCT03347292. [Table: see text]
Seizures after epidural blood patch with undiagnosed subdural hematoma (2002)

We believe that the subdural hematoma and not the EBP was the cause of the seizures. Earlier recognition of confusion and fatigue as a postictal state may have led to earlier diagnosis of the hematoma. Our experience suggests that EBP be avoided in the setting of subdural hematoma.
Concentration-dependent regulation of thyrotropin receptor function by thyroid-stimulating antibody (2004)

Thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) Ab's of the stimulating variety are the cause of hyperthyroid Graves disease. MS-1 is a hamster mAb with TSHR-stimulating activity. To examine the in vivo biological activity of MS-1, mice were treated with purified MS-1 intraperitoneally and the thyroid response evaluated. MS-1 induced a dose-dependent increase in serum thyroxine (T4), with a maximum effect after 10 ∝g of MS-1 was administered. MS-1–secreting hybridoma cells were then transferred into the peritoneum of nude mice to study chronic thyroid stimulation. Serum MS-1 levels detected after 2 weeks were approximately 10–50 ∝g/ml, and the serum TSH was suppressed in all animals. Serum triiodothyronine levels were elevated, but only in animals with low serum MS-1 concentrations. In addition, there was a negative correlation between serum T4 and the serum MS-1 concentrations. These in vivo studies suggested a partial TSHR inactivation induced by excessive stimulation by MS-1. We confirmed this inactivation by demonstrating MS-1 modulation of TSHR function in vitro as evidenced by downregulation and desensitization of the TSHR at concentrations of MS-1 achieved in the in vivo studies. Thus, inactivation of the TSHR by stimulating TSHR autoantibodies (TSHR-Ab's) in Graves disease patients may provide a functional explanation for the poor correlation between thyroid function and serum TSHR-Ab concentrations.
A synergistic chlorhexidine/chitosan combination for improved antiplaque strategies (2005)

Based on these results, a new CHX formulation would be beneficial unifying the bioadhesive properties of chitosan with the antibacterial activity of CHX synergistically resulting in a superior antiplaque effect than CHX alone.
Spin-galvanic effect due to optical spin orientation in<i>n</i>-type GaAs quantum well structures (2003)

Under oblique incidence of circularly polarized infrared radiation the spin-galvanic effect (SGE) has been unambiguously observed in (001)-grown n-type GaAs quantum well structures in the absence of any external magnetic field. Resonant intersubband transitions have been obtained making use of the tunability of the free-electron laser FELIX. A microscopic theory of the SGE for intersubband transitions has been developed, which is in good agreement with experimental findings.