gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mobile Telestroke During Ambulance Transport Is Feasible in a Rural EMS Setting - Pilot Data From The Improving Treatment With Rapid Evaluation Of Acute Stroke Via Mobile Telemedicine (iTREAT) Study (S5.002) (2014)

OBJECTIVE: To determine the technical feasibility of performing mobile telestroke consultations during prehospital EMS transport in a rural setting. BACKGROUND: The AHA-ASA Target:Stroke iniative calls for innovative approaches to prehospital stroke care. We hypothesize that mobile telestroke from a hospital-based neurologist to an ambulance-based provider, using tablet devices and commercially available broadband, will facilitate earlier stroke diagnosis and more accurate prenotification to reduce stroke onset-to-treatment times. DESIGN/METHODS: We assessed the technical feasibility of mobile teleconferencing along the six common rural emergency medical service (EMS) routes into UVA Medical Center, allowing a minimum travel time of 15 minutes and continuous connectivity of 5 minutes. Our mobile telestroke platform included Apple iPad with retina display, high-speed 4G LTE modem, Cisco Jabber secure video conferencing application, and magnetic-mount external antennae. Continuous mobile connectivity was facilitated through the commercial Verizon Wireless network. Continuous transmission audiovisual (AV) quality along each route was rated by two independent raters using a standardized six-point scale (=4 indicating technical feasibility). RESULTS: Of 31 test runs, two had extraneous technical issues and one failed to meet the minimum duration for continuous connectivity. The mean transmission video quality rating was 4.51 (4.54 vehicle; 4.48 hospital) and overall audio quality 5.00 (5.13 vehicle; 4.87 hospital). Both raters deemed AV quality as "good" or "excellent" (rating =4) for 78.5% of test runs. Five out of six EMS routes consistently demonstrated feasible connectivity, with 87.5% of runs achieving "good" or "excellent" bidirectional AV quality for these five routes. CONCLUSIONS: Our pilot data suggest technical feasibility for mobile teleconferencing between transporting ambulance and hospital-based provider using low-cost, off-the-shelf technology and commercial networks. These results support our hypothesis that mobile telestroke in a rural EMS setting can be implemented. Further troubleshooting along routes with limited connectivity, and prospective testing of the impact on stroke diagnosis and time-to-treatment is planned. Study Supported by: UVA Neuroscience Center of Excellence, UVA MSSRP, Walking for My Life 5K
Gamma Vector Camera: A Gamma Ray and Neutron Directional Detector (2008)

We have built a proof-of-concept gamma-ray camera capable of imaging the Compton recoil electron tracks in 3D, and reconstructing the gamma-ray source direction and energy spectrum from those tracks. The electrons are tracked in a fiber-optic scintillating block made from polystyrene fibers arranged in alternating, orthogonal layers, and viewed by image intensifiers and CCD cameras. We have also demonstrated the detection of neutrons in the same gamma camera by recording the scintillation light from proton recoils in the fibers, and discriminating between protons and electrons based on their different ranges in polystyrene. We have developed software that reconstructs the energy and direction of the recoil electrons and reconstructs the energy spectrum and direction of the gamma rays from (1) single Compton scattering, by computing the mean electron direction of a statistical sample, and (2) double and triple Compton scattering by full kinematic reconstruction of the energy and direction of individual gamma rays.
Human immunodeficiency virus impairs reverse cholesterol transport from macrophages (2006)

We demonstrate that HIV-1, via Nef, impairs ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1)-dependent cholesterol efflux from human macrophages. At least two mechanisms were involved: first, HIV infection and transfection with Nef induced post-transcriptional down-regulation of ABCA1; and second, Nef caused redistribution of ABCA1 to the plasma membrane and inhibited internalization of apolipoprotein A-I. Binding of Nef to ABCA1 was required for down-regulation and redistribution of ABCA1. Stimulation of cholesterol efflux from macrophages reduced infectivity of produced virions, and this effect correlated with a decreased amount of virion-associated cholesterol. Therefore, impairment of cholesterol efflux is essential to viral replication as it ensures proper cholesterol content in nascent HIV particles. This impairment may be a contributing factor to atherosclerosis in HIV patients.
Frame Stitching in Human Oral Cavity Environment Using Intraoral Camera (2019)

Intra-oral cameras are essentially enabling dentists to capture images of difficult-to-reach areas in the mouth. Oral dental applications based on visual data pose various challenges such as low lighting conditions and saliva. We introduce an approach to stitch images of human teeth that are captured by an intra-oral camera. In such monocular image matching, a low rate of features on teeth surfaces causes a problem leading to a mismatch between teeth images. In this paper, we propose an approach to improve the matching in these low-texture regions. First, normals of tooth surface is extracted using a shape from shading. Due to the oral environment, the surface normals impact many of imprecise values; hence we formulate an algorithm to rectify these values and generate normal maps. The normal maps reveals the impacted geometric properties of the images inside an area, boundary, and shape. Second, the normal maps are used to detect, extract and match the corresponding features. Finally, to enhance the stitching process for these unidealized data, normal maps are used to estimate as-projective-as-possible warps. The proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art auto-stitching approach and shows a better performance in such cases of low-texture regions.
Allenamides as Orthogonal Handles for Selective Modification of Cysteine in Peptides and Proteins (2014)

Abstract In this study, a remarkably simple and direct strategy has been successfully developed to selectively label target cysteine residues in fully unprotected peptides and proteins. The strategy is based on the reaction between allenamides and the cysteine thiol, and proceeds swiftly in aqueous medium with excellent selectivity and quantitative conversion, thus forming a stable and irreversible conjugate. The combined simplicity and mildness of the process project allenamide as robust and versatile handles to target cysteines and has potential use in biological systems. Additionally, fluorescent‐labeling studies demonstrated that the installation of a C‐terminal allenamide moiety onto various molecules of interest may supply a new methodology towards the site‐specific labeling of cysteine‐containing proteins. Such a new labeling strategy may thus open a window for its application in the field of life sciences.
Putting a Face to the Voice: Fusing Audio and Visual Signals Across a Video to Determine Speakers (2017)

In this paper, we present a system that associates faces with voices in a video by fusing information from the audio and visual signals. The thesis underlying our work is that an extremely simple approach to generating (weak) speech clusters can be combined with visual signals to effectively associate faces and voices by aggregating statistics across a video. This approach does not need any training data specific to this task and leverages the natural coherence of information in the audio and visual streams. It is particularly applicable to tracking speakers in videos on the web where a priori information about the environment (e.g., number of speakers, spatial signals for beamforming) is not available. We performed experiments on a real-world dataset using this analysis framework to determine the speaker in a video. Given a ground truth labeling determined by human rater consensus, our approach had ~71% accuracy.
An accuracy measurement method for star trackers based on direct astronomic observation (2016)

Star tracker is one of the most promising optical attitude measurement devices and it is widely used in spacecraft for its high accuracy. However, how to realize and verify such an accuracy remains a crucial but unsolved issue until now. The authenticity of the accuracy measurement method of a star tracker will eventually determine the satellite performance. A new and robust accuracy measurement method for a star tracker based on the direct astronomical observation is proposed here. In comparison with the conventional method with simulated stars, this method utilizes real navigation stars as observation targets which makes the measurement results more authoritative and authentic. Transformations between different coordinate systems are conducted on the account of the precision movements of the Earth, and the error curves of directional vectors are obtained along the three axes. Based on error analysis and accuracy definitions, a three-axis accuracy evaluation criterion has been proposed in this paper, which could determine pointing and rolling accuracy of a star tracker directly. Experimental measurements confirm that this method is effective and convenient to implement. Such a measurement environment is close to the in-orbit conditions and it can satisfy the stringent requirement for high-accuracy star trackers.
Integrated fault location system for power distribution feeders (2012)

A fast, accurate fault location solution for power distribution feeders enables utility companies to clear a fault quicker and reduce the outage duration. Traditional impedance-based fault location methods assume that all feeder sections have the same impedance characteristics. This assumption introduces errors on feeders that have branches and line sections with different conductor types and tower configurations. Automated meter reading and trouble call systems provide fault location estimation only for faults that are isolated by field devices. This paper presents a new impedance-based method that estimates all possible fault locations by using a detailed feeder model and fault event reports, complemented with information from other intelligent field devices. Field test results show significant benefits from using the new method over the traditional method. This paper also describes a real-world fault location system that implements the reported method and provides automated fault location estimation within one minute after the fault occurs.
All-Dielectric Meta-optics for High-Efficiency Independent Amplitude and Phase Manipulation (2021)

Metasurfaces, composed of subwavelength scattering elements, have demonstrated remarkable control over the transmitted amplitude, phase, and polarization of light. However, manipulating the amplitude upon transmission has required loss if a single metasurface is used. Here, we describe high-efficiency independent manipulation of the amplitude and phase of a beam using two lossless phase-only metasurfaces separated by a distance. With this configuration, we experimentally demonstrate optical components such as combined beam-forming and splitting devices, as well as those for forming complex-valued, three-dimensional holograms. The compound meta-optic platform provides a promising approach for achieving high performance optical holographic displays and compact optical components, while exhibiting a high overall efficiency.
miR-146a Suppresses SUMO1 Expression and Induces Cardiac Dysfunction in Maladaptive Hypertrophy (2018)

Taken together, our results show that miR-146a is a novel regulator of the SUMOylation machinery in the heart, which can be targeted for therapeutic intervention.
Object Recognition of Robot Using 3D RFID System (2005)

Object recognition in the field of robotics generally has depended on a computer vision system. Recently, RFID(Radio Frequency IDentification) technology has been suggested to support recognition and has been rapidly and widely applied. This paper introduces the more advanced RFID-based recognition. A novel tag named 3D tag, which facilitates the understanding of the object, was designed. The previous RFID-based system only detects the existence of the object, and therefore, the system should find the object and had to carry out a complex process such as pattern match to identify the object. 3D tag, however, not only detects the existence of the object as well as other tags, but also estimates the orientation and position of the object. These characteristics of 3D tag allows the robot to considerably reduce its dependence on other sensors required for object recognition the object. In this paper, we analyze the 3D tag's detection characteristic and the position and orientation estimation algorithm of the 3D tag-based RFID system.
Integration of Recursive Temporal LMMSE Denoising Filter Into Video Codec (2009)

The presence of noise can dramatically affect the efficiency of video compression systems. For performance improvement, most practical video compression systems adopt a denoising filter as a pre-processing module for the video encoder, or as a post-processing module for the video decoder, but the complexity introduced by denoising can be very high. This paper first presents a recursive temporal linear minimum mean squared error (LMMSE) filter for video denoising. Based on the analysis of the hybrid video compression process, two novel schemes are presented, one for video encoding and the other for video decoding, in which the proposed recursive temporal LMMSE filter is seamlessly integrated into the encoding and the decoding processes, respectively. For both of these two schemes, the denoising is implemented with nearly no extra computation introduced. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes on encoding and decoding noisy video sequences.
Etching High Aspect Ratio Silicon Trenches (2003)

Small ground rule (<0.175 μm), high aspect ratio (feature size to depth ratio >40) trenches in silicon are necessary to achieve required values of cell capacitance in the fabrication of charge-storage capacitors in dynamic random access memory devices. Etching of trenches suffers from a dynamic reactive ion etching (RIE) lag mechanism caused by constriction of trench openings during the etch process. Also, at high aspect ratios (accentuated by constriction of trench openings), reduced ion energy and etchant species flux to the trench bottom (etch front) results in slower etch rates leading to etch stop. This dynamic RIE lag effect and potential etch stop pose significant challenges towards obtaining deeper trenches. In this paper, two methods are proposed to minimize these problems. Short duration cleaning steps, predominantly etching in nature without any builtin deposition component, are used intermittently during the multistep etching sequence. Mask selectivity is preserved as these cleaning steps do not contribute significantly to the mask etch rate. The first method decreases the constriction of the trench opening by thinning the sidewall deposition, thus partially restoring the design dimension of the trench opening. The second method removes the etch-stop or blocking layer at the bottom of the trench without significantly contributing to sidewall thinning. These methods increase the differential etch rate of silicon at high aspect ratios, thereby help achieve the higher silicon depths required to meet the manufacturing process tool utilization targets. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Loss of SMARCA4 Expression Is Both Sensitive and Specific for the Diagnosis of Small Cell Carcinoma of Ovary, Hypercalcemic Type (2015)

Small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT) is a rare ovarian neoplasm that occurs in young women and has a poor prognosis. The histologic diagnosis of SCCOHT can be challenging due to its rarity and relatively nonspecific histologic features, which range from the classic, first-described small cell morphology to a pattern in which there are large cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. Many entities can be in the differential diagnosis and to date, immunohistochemical stains have shown no distinctive profile and have been of limited aid. SMARCA4 (also known as BRG1) mutations have recently been reported at high frequency in these tumors. SMARCA4 is an important component of the SWI/SNF complex that regulates gene expression through alteration of nucleosome conformation. Studies to date have suggested that immunohistochemical loss of expression of SMARCA4 is associated with the presence of a SMARCA4 mutation in most cases. In this study, the sensitivity and specificity of the immunohistochemical loss of SMARCA4 expression for the diagnosis of SCCOHT is examined in the context of the differential diagnosis with other primary or metastatic ovarian tumors. All but one of the SCCOHT showed loss of SMARCA4 expression (16/17; 94%), while of 279 other tumors tested, only two tumors (one clear cell carcinoma and one ovarian melanoma) showed loss of SMARCA4 expression. We conclude that SMARCA4 immunohistochemistry is highly sensitive and specific for a diagnosis of SCCOHT and is of clinical utility in the differential diagnosis of poorly differentiated ovarian tumors.
Enhanced photoluminescence by resonant absorption in Er-doped SiO2/Si microcavities (1993)

Si/SiO2 Fabry–Perot microcavities with an Er-implanted SiO2 active region resonant at the Er excitation wavelength of 980 nm have been realized. Room-temperature photoluminescence measurements reveal that the Er luminescence intensity increases by a factor of 28 as compared to a structure without cavity enhancement. We show that the experimental enhancement of the luminescence intensity agrees with theory if optical absorption of the 980 nm light in the Si layers of the cavity and reduced mirror reflectivities are taken into account.
Multiple description perceptual audio coding with correlating transforms (2000)

In audio communication over a lossy packet network, concealment techniques are used to mitigate the effects of lost packets. This concealment is markedly improved if the compressed representation retains redundancy to aid in the estimation of lost information. A perceptual audio coder employing multiple description correlating transforms demonstrates this phenomenon.
Gravity‐independent Rock‐climbing Robot and a Sample Acquisition Tool with Microspine Grippers (2013)

A rock‐climbing robot is presented that can free climb on vertical, overhanging, and inverted rock faces. This type of system has applications to extreme terrain on Mars or for sustained mobility on microgravity bodies. The robot grips the rock using hierarchical arrays of microspines. Microspines are compliant mechanisms made of sharp hooks and flexible elements that allow the hooks to move independently and opportunistically grasp roughness on the surface of a rock. This paper presents many improvements to early microspine grippers, and the application of these new grippers to a four‐limbed robotic system, LEMUR IIB. Each gripper has over 250 microspines distributed in 16 carriages. Carriages also move independently with compliance to conform to larger, cm‐scale roughness. Single gripper pull testing on a variety of rock types is presented, and on rough rocks, a single gripper can support the entire mass of the robot (10 kg) in any orientation. Several sensor combinations for the grippers were evaluated using a smaller test‐gripper. Rock‐climbing mobility experiments are also described for three characteristic gravitational orientations. Finally, a sample acquisition tool that uses one of the robot's grippers to enable rotary percussive drilling is shown.
Phosphorus-Containing Imide Resins. I (1983)

Abstract Recently we reported the general features of bisimide resins based on bis(m-aminophenyl)methylphosphine oxide. Graphite fabric composites fabricated from one of these resins did not burn in pure oxygen even at 300°C. However, curing of these resins was done above 270°C. It is desirable to have organic matrix resins with lower curing temperatures. We now report the synthesis of several bislmides and triimide resins based on tris(m-aminophenyl)phosphine oxide. These monomers were prepared according to the procedure of Searle or Martin et al. by reacting triamine with appropriate amounts of maleic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, dichloromaleic anhydride, and benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride. Cross-linked imide resins insoluble in DMF were obtained by thermal polymerizations at 180°C with some of these monomers. Anaerobic char yields at 800°C in the range of 60–70% were obtained. A four-ply graphite cloth laminate prepared from one of these resins at 180°C, and after postcuring at 220°C for 4 h, had a limiting oxygen index above 100. The glass transition temperature of this laminate (as evaluated by DMA) was 385°C.
A 2-Transistor Sub-1V Low Power Temperature Compensated CMOS Voltage Reference: Design and Application (2020)

This paper presents the design and application of a CMOS sub-1V voltage reference using a 2-transistor Self-Cascode MOSFET (SCM) structure able to get low power consumption, temperature compensation, and small area. An efficient design procedure applied to this simple topology relying on NMOS transistors with different threshold voltages allows attaining large immunity against bias current and supply voltage variations. The two transistors can operate in weak, moderate, or strong inversion making the design flexible in terms of area and power consumption. Implemented in a > 0.18mm standard CMOS technology, the circuit provides a 400mV voltage reference with a variation of ±0.18% from -20°C to 75°C (or less than 15ppm/°C), operates from 3.6V down to 800mV while biased with a 5nA resistor-less PTAT current source that varies ±30% over PVT, and consumes less than 20nA with an area of 0.01mm2. The same concept was used to create a temperature compensated voltage drop with regard to a monitored power supply voltage but using a 2-PMOS SCM structure with transistors of different threshold voltages. These two circuits were adopted as part of a Power Management (PM) system for RFID tag applications. The PM includes a LDO voltage regulator and a low voltage detector that require both the voltage reference and the low voltage monitor. The LDO regulated output voltage and the trip-point of the voltage detector vary +/-5.5% and +/-3.3%, respectively, over temperature, without trimming.
Reprogramming‐derived gene cocktail increases cardiomyocyte proliferation for heart regeneration (2016)

Although remnant cardiomyocytes (CMs) possess a certain degree of proliferative ability, efficiency is too low for cardiac regeneration after injury. In this study, we identified a distinct stage within the initiation phase of CM reprogramming before the MET process, and microarray analysis revealed the strong up-regulation of several mitosis-related genes at this stage of reprogramming. Several candidate genes were selected and tested for their ability to induce CM proliferation. Delivering a cocktail of three genes, FoxM1, Id1, and Jnk3-shRNA (FIJs), induced CMs to re-enter the cell cycle and complete mitosis and cytokinesis in vitro More importantly, this gene cocktail increased CM proliferation in vivo and significantly improved cardiac function and reduced fibrosis after myocardial infarction. Collectively, our findings present a cocktail FIJs that may be useful in cardiac regeneration and also provide a practical strategy for probing reprogramming assays for regeneration of other tissues.