gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Complexity-reduced iterative MAP receiver for spatial multiplexing systems (2005)

A complexity-reduced iterative algorithm for joint maximum a posteriori (MAP) detection and channel estimation for spatial multiplexing systems is presented. To reduce the complexity of the MAP detection, which increases exponentially with the number of transmit antennas and the modulation order, a modified sphere decoding (SD) algorithm is proposed. It just enumerates the symbol sequences with high a priori probabilities, which fall inside a sphere centred at the received signal point. Extensive simulations demonstrate that the proposed algorithm, combined with convolutional code, reduces the complexity as compared to that of the MAP detection with moderate performance degradation. The effects of design parameters, e.g. sphere radius and the number of symbol sequences with high a priori probabilities, on the performance/complexity trade-offs are also discussed.
Rotating, Floating Cage for Fish Culture Simplifies Cleaning and Replacement of Panels (1979)

Abstract The buoyancy of a specially constructed rectangular cage (4 x 2 x 2 m) is maintained by insetting extra-high-density expanded polystyrene along the structural edges, so that one panel (long side) is always above the water surface. Each long side can, in turn, be exposed on the surface (rotation of cage through 90°) by displacement of water with compressed air from one of four plastic tubes fixed along the long edges of the cage structure. Controlled rotation permits periodic inspection, removal of fouling organisms, or replacement of the side panels with little disturbance to the captive fish population.
Cognitive nonlinear radar test-bed (2013)

Providing situational awareness to the warfighter requires radar, communications, and other electronic systems that operate in increasingly cluttered and dynamic electromagnetic environments. There is a growing need for cognitive RF systems that are capable of monitoring, adapting to, and learning from their environments in order to maintain their effectiveness and functionality. Additionally, radar systems are needed that are capable of adapting to an increased number of targets of interest. Cognitive nonlinear radar may offer critical solutions to these growing problems. This work focuses on ongoing efforts at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) to develop a cognitive nonlinear radar test-bed. ARL is working toward developing a test-bed that uses spectrum sensing to monitor the RF environment and dynamically change the transmit waveforms to achieve detection of nonlinear targets with high confidence. This work presents the architecture of the test-bed system along with a discussion of its current capabilities and limitations. A brief outlook is presented for the project along with a discussion of a future cognitive nonlinear radar test-bed.
Enhanced adaptive streaming over LTE-advanced wireless networks (2012)

Video content is quickly dominating the traffic over wireless networks and is creating significant challenges for managing this traffic efficiently while still delivering an acceptable quality of experience (QoE) to the end user. HTTP-based adaptive streaming techniques are growing in popularity to deliver video content from over-the-top providers to mobile devices, but have not yet been specifically optimized for wireless networks. This paper will present the latest activities on optimizing adaptive streaming protocols for LTE-Advanced wireless networks, including simulation results highlighting the factors which impact the QoE for video streaming applications in mobile networks, new QoE subjective tests and objective predictions which can be used for improving the efficiency of streaming, and capacity analysis with client-based feedback mechanisms to enable a more coordinated and optimized end-to-end system.
Tumor Targeting-Retargeted Adenovirus (2007)

Adenovirus (Ad) has been applied for gene therapy in various applications. The current Ad vector system has two critical problems; low transduction of the target cancer cells and high transduction of nontarget normal organs. To address these issues, we have been working on “retargeting” of Ad vectors via transductional or transcriptional targeting. Transductional targeting has been achieved with application of various bridging moieties, genetical modification of vector capsid, or chemically coating viral particles. On the other hand, transcriptional targeting has been performed by employing natural or artificial transcriptional control elements with desired selectivity profile. In the field of cancer gene therapy, such retargeting has achieved augmented infectivity in the cancers that have been difficult to transduce with conventional Ad vector, as well as cancer specific transgene expression for avoiding toxicity. Success in cancer gene therapy requires vector design reflecting the pathological/physiological profile of the target disease, such as conditionally replicative adenovirus with combined retargeting mechanisms incorporated. In addition, we must continue to seek new targeting modalities because different tumor context always imposes unique challenges with respect to disease targeting. While reliable preclinical/clinical studies are necessary to establish a legitimate role of adenoviral retargeting in the field of cancer gene therapy, it is obvious that better vector targeting should leads to more potent and safe adenovirus based cancer therapeutics.
Glucose and Weight Control in Mice with a Designed Ghrelin O-Acyltransferase Inhibitor (2010)

Ghrelin is a gastric peptide hormone that stimulates weight gain in vertebrates. The biological activities of ghrelin require octanoylation of the peptide on Ser(3), an unusual posttranslational modification that is catalyzed by the enzyme ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT). Here, we describe the design, synthesis, and characterization of GO-CoA-Tat, a peptide-based bisubstrate analog that antagonizes GOAT. GO-CoA-Tat potently inhibits GOAT in vitro, in cultured cells, and in mice. Intraperitoneal administration of GO-CoA-Tat improves glucose tolerance and reduces weight gain in wild-type mice but not in ghrelin-deficient mice, supporting the concept that its beneficial metabolic effects are due specifically to GOAT inhibition. In addition to serving as a research tool for mapping ghrelin actions, GO-CoA-Tat may help pave the way for clinical targeting of GOAT in metabolic diseases.
Ultrasound-assisted convection-enhanced delivery to the brain in vivo with a novel transducer cannula assembly (2012)

The TCA and ultrasound device show promise to improve the distribution of infused compounds during CED. The results suggest further studies are required to optimize infusion and acoustic parameters for small compounds and for larger molecular weight compounds that are representative of promising antitumor agents. In addition, safe levels of ultrasound exposure in chronic experiments must be determined for practical clinical evaluation of UCED. Extension of these experiments to larger animal models is warranted to demonstrate efficacy of this technique.
Error-free transmission of 32 × 2.5 Gbit/sDWDM channels over 125 km usingcascaded in-line semiconductor optical amplifiers (1999)

By optimising the detector threshold and using an optical reservoir channel, error-free transmission of 32 × 2.5 Gbit/s DWDM channels has been obtained over 125 km of AllWave™ fibre using semiconductor optical amplifiers.
Ambipolar organic field-effect transistor using gate insulator hysteresis (2005)

An organic field-effect transistor based on a copper-phthalocyanine and cyanoethylpullulan gate insulator showed ambipolar operation using gate insulator hysteresis, which appeared at less than 1mHz. The gate insulator possesses spontaneous polarization of 1.6μC∕cm2 and a coercive electric field of 50kV∕cm. After poling in an effort to obtain a large amount of accumulated charge, the field-effect mobilities of the hole and electron were 4.1×10−3 and 3.5×10−6cm2∕Vs, respectively. The on∕off ratio at VSG=±10V was 6×104 for the p type and 70 for the n type.
Optical-resolution confocal photoacoustic microscopy (2008)

A confocal photoacoustic microscope with improved lateral resolution has been developed by employing stronglyfocused bright field optical illumination and spherically focused 75-MHz ultrasonic detection. The lateral resolution was experimentally measured to be 5 μm and the axial resolution was estimated to be 15 μm. The maximum imaging depth was demonstrated to be greater than 0.7 mm. In <i>in vivo</i> experiments, microvessels with a diameter of ~ 5 μm are imaged in small animals.
The endovascular occlusion system for safe and immediate peripheral vessel occlusion during vascular interventions (2013)

Endovascular occlusion of blood vessels is an important part of interventional therapy concepts. Here, we evaluate the feasibility, procedural safety and efficacy of the novel endovascular occlusion system (EOS) in the arterial system in a porcine model. Thirteen devices were deployed in the iliac and femoral arteries (diameter: 4-5 mm) of five adult swine. Post-deployment angiography was performed at 1, 5 and 10 min and 6 h. All devices (n = 13) could be successfully delivered without any complications, such as dissection, perforation or rupture. The devices could be easily advanced to the target vessel segment, deployed at the intended target location and produced immediate and complete vessel occlusion which was confirmed to be maintained after 6 h. No leaks, recanalization or device migration was observed. In this pilot study, we demonstrate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of immediate vessel occlusion with the EOS device in the peripheral arterial system in a porcine animal model. Our data indicate that this novel device allows precise delivery without the occurrence of cardiovascular complications. Owing to its long-term safety and efficacy the EOS may represent a promising and effective alternative to currently available devices for vessel occlusion during vascular interventions.
Tissue Erosion Using Shock Wave Heating and Millisecond Boiling in HIFU Fields (2010)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Michael S. Canney, Tatiana D. Khokhlova, Vera A. Khokhlova, Michael R. Bailey, Joo Ha Hwang, Lawrence A. Crum; Tissue Erosion Using Shock Wave Heating and Millisecond Boiling in HIFU Fields. AIP Conference Proceedings 9 March 2010; 1215 (1): 36–39. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3367183 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Novel method to analyze cell kinetics for the rapid diagnosis and determination of the causative agent in allergy (2021)

Drug-induced allergy (DIA), an unexpectedly triggered side effect of drugs used for therapeutic purposes, is a serious clinical issue that needs to be resolved because it interrupts the treatment of the primary disease. Since conventional allergy testing is insufficient to accurately predict the occurrence of DIA or to determine the drugs causing it, the development of diagnostic and predictive tools for allergic reactions is important. We demonstrated a novel method, termed high-sensitive allergy test (HiSAT), for the rapid diagnosis of allergy (within 1 hr; with true-positive diagnosis rates of 89% and 9% for patients with and without allergy-like symptoms, respectively). HiSAT analyzes the cell kinetics as an index against chemotactic factors in a patient’s serum, as different from the diagnosis using conventional methods. Once allergy has occurred, HiSAT can be used to determine the causative medicine using culture supernatants incubated with the subject’s lymphocytes and the test allergen. This test is more efficient (60%) than the lymphocyte transformation test (20%). Furthermore, in HiSAT, cell mobility significantly increases in a dose-dependent manner against supernatant incubated with lymphocytes from a subject with pollinosis collected at a time when the subject is without allergic symptoms and the antigen. The result demonstraed that HiSAT might be a promising method to rapidly diagnose DIA or to determine with high accuracy the antigen causing allergy.
F-1222 Non-Contact Acoustic Micromanipulation Using Plural Sound Sources (2001)

Non-contact micromanipulation is one of the fundamental techniques in micromachine technology. This paper describes an advanced technique to manipulate particles one-, two- and three-dimensionally using two, three and four transducers. The transducers are settled with their sound-beam axes crossing at the same point. All transducers are driven at the same frequency, and a standing wave field is generated in the crossing region. When polystyrene particles are poured with a pipette into the sound field, the particles are trapped at the node of the sound pressure in the sound field. When changing the phase of one of the transducers of the three or four used, the trapped particles are transported along the sound beam axis of the transducer. Combining each movement along the four sound beam axes, three-dimensional non-contact manipulation of a particle is accomplished.
Improved method for the precise determination of the compressibility factor from refractive index measurements (1986)

We show that the absolute determination of the refractive index when combined with an expansion technique for obtaining the higher-order coefficients of the Lorentz–Lorenz expansion leads to precise values of density. The compressibility factor of methane calculated with the first three coefficients of the Lorentz–Lorenz expansion is comparable to the best PVT values. The optical method for the determination of the compressibility factor is shown to be not only precise, but also has the ability to produce numerous experimental points in a short time as compared to other methods.
Giant Magnetoresistance Effect in Grain-Type Alloy Thin Films: II. Annealing and Double-Layering (1994)

An annealing study suggested that the internal and interfacial diffusion of Ag atoms in ferromagnetic FeCo grains made negative and positive contributions, respectively, to obtaining a large magnetoresistance (MR) ratio. The magnetic saturation field (Hs) associated with MR characteristics decreased in proportion to the decrease in resistivity as the annealing temperature and/or annealing time increased. The coercive force in double-layered films with constant Co-Ag thickness decreased with in creasing permalloy layer thickness. This indicates that the two layers are magnetically coupled. However, the Hs was maintained to be extremely large. The MR ratio in the double-layered films was occasionally larger than that in a Co-Ag single layer.
Control of high-resolution Electrohydrodynamic jet printing (2010)

This paper discusses a run-to-run iterative learning control (ILC) algorithm for Electrohydrodynamic jet (E-jet) printing. E-jet printing is a nano-manufacturing process that uses electric field induced fluid jet printing through nano-scale nozzles for achieving better control and resolution than traditional jet-printing processes. The printing process is controlled by changing the voltage potential between the nozzle and the substrate. However, it is difficult to maintain constant operating conditions such as stand-off height during a run of the printing process. The change in operating conditions results in fluctuating jet frequency. For stabilizing the jetting frequency across a single run, we propose a proportional ILC algorithm. We determine the jetting frequency by recording the electric current pulses when ink droplets are released from the nozzle. The frequency profile obtained from current measurements is then used to shape the voltage profile across a run to compensate for changing operating conditions. Experimental results are presented to validate the proposed control method.
Synthesis and characterization of copolyimides containing fluorine and silicon surface-modifying agents (2017)

Understanding the effects that monomer chemistries have on material properties allows for fine tuning of polymer synthesis for current and future applications. In order to develop polymeric-based coatings that have minimal surface adhesion characteristics when exposed to a variety of contaminants, a more thorough understanding of fundamental structure–property relationships is needed. In the aeronautics field, one concept to improve fuel efficiency of future aircraft is to modify the wing design to enable laminar flow. There is a concern that contaminants such as insect residue and other debris will adhere to airflow surfaces and have sufficient height to disrupt laminar flow thereby increasing drag with concomitant loss of fuel efficiency. One potential solution would be a polymer surface or coating that prevents or minimizes adhesion of such contaminants. As part of a structure–property relationship study involving modification of surface properties, a series of copolyimides containing both fluorine and silicon surface-modifying agents (SMAs) were prepared and characterized. Based on knowledge of structure–property relationships with polyimides containing either type of SMA, it was hypothesized that the combination of two different SMAs may lead to unique surface properties as the two SMAs competed for surface area at the polymer–air interface. Copolyimides for this study were prepared through a multistep synthesis using an aromatic dianhydride with equimolar amounts of diamino functionalities comprised of an aromatic diamine along with two SMAs. Films were cast from copoly(amide acid) solutions that were subsequently thermally imidized under a nitrogen atmosphere. Polyimide films and coatings were characterized using differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, contact angle goniometry, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to determine chemical, thermal, and surface properties. Select samples were subject to high velocity insect impacts in a small-scale wind tunnel and the resulting residues were characterized for height and surface area and compared to those of a control surface.
A reliable method of alignment for smectic liquid crystals (1984)

An alignment method for smectic liquid crystals is described. Alignment is obtained by the deposition of a certain class of polymer on a substrate followed by unidirectional rubbing. Only linear polymers capable of being elongated in bulk samples are found to produce alignment. The quality of alignment is found to be exceptionally good and this method can be used to produce alignment over large areas.
Automated planning of MRI neuro scans (2006)

In clinical MRI examinations, the geometry of diagnostic scans is defined in an initial planning phase. The operator plans the scan volumes (off-centre, angulation, field-of-view) with respect to patient anatomy in 'scout' images. Often multiple plans are required within a single examination, distracting attention from the patient waiting in the scanner. A novel and robust method is described for automated planning of neurological MRI scans, capable of handling strong shape deviations from healthy anatomy. The expert knowledge required to position scan geometries is learned from previous example plans, allowing site-specific styles to be readily taken into account. The proposed method first fits an anatomical model to the scout data, and then new scan geometries are positioned with respect to extracted landmarks. The accuracy of landmark extraction was measured to be comparable to the inter-observer variability, and automated plans are shown to be highly consistent with those created by expert operators using clinical data. The results of the presented evaluation demonstrate the robustness and applicability of the proposed approach, which has the potential to significantly improve clinical workflow.
A Portable Precision Salinometer for Use with Small Samples (1981)

A portable salinometer for use with small bottle samples is described. It is based on the continuous flow principle used in our precision laboratory salinometer. However, (1) it is not thermostatted, instead it has two cells in the same bath and measures the conductivity ratio of sample to standard seawater at the same temperature; (2) the water is drawn from the sample bottle by suction instead of driven by pressure; (3) the required sample is less than 1/10 that of the laboratory model so that standard water can be used continuously as reference; (4) there is no contamination of the rest of the sample, almost the whole of which is available for other measurements. The reading circuit operates on 100-200 Hz square wave current and determines the ratio of conductivity of the measured sample to standard seawater at the same temperature directly. Appropriate trims are provided to compensate for cell constant differences and deviation of the standard seawater from exactly 35 0/00 S.
Effect of Years and Planting Dates on Fatty Acid Composition of Soybean Genotypes (1993)

Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] genotypes with modified fatty acid composition in the seed oil are being considered for commercial production. The stability of fatty acid composition across a range of environmental conditions will be an important factor for end users of the new soybean oils. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of years and planting dates on the fatty acid composition of soybean genotypes with elevated palmitic acid, elevated stearic acid, or reduced linolenic acid. Ten soybean lines with modified fatty acid composition and two common cultivars were grown in 1988, 1989, and 1990 at the Iowa State University Agricultural Engineering and Agronomy Research Center near Ames. Planting dates were 2 May, 16 May, 30 May, and 13 June. For the genotype with elevated palmitic acid, A21, there were significant differences among years, but the maximum difference was only 10 g kg −1 . Effects of planting dates were not significantly different for the palmitic acid content of A21. For the genotype with elevated stearic acid, A6, differences among years, planting dates within individual years, and years × planting dates interaction were significant, but the effect of planting dates averaged across years was not significant. Differences among years were significant for the linolenic acid content of most genotypes; however, the maximum difference among years was only 3 g kg −1 for genotypes with an average of <25 g kg −1 linolenic acid. Early planting dates favored lower linolenic acid content, but the maximum difference between 2 May and 13 June for any genotype with <25 g kg −1 linolenic acid was only 4 g kg −1 . Average daily high temperature during the seed‐filling period did not consistently explain the differences in fatty acid content among planting dates or years. Our data indicated that different planting dates could not be used as a substitute for years in determining environmental stability of fatty acid composition.