gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Agile Visual Analytics in Data Science Systems (2016)

The practice of data science is ad hoc and agile, where needs and requirements evolve continuously and are resolved through collaboration among stakeholders. To support such practice visual analytics systems need to evolve as the needs and requirements in terms of data, users, tasks, medium, visualization, and interaction capabilities change continuously. In this paper we present a case study and illustrate several dimensions of the requirements in visual analytics. We put forward a vision of a dynamic agile visual analytics process and system model in support of data science, in which the user and system can cooperate to facilitate discovery while requirements change on demand. We argue that such a system needs an underlying language and algebra that defines not only operands and operators for performing visual analytics but also specifies guidelines that take them into account and produce useful visual analytics transformations leading to a specific insight. Our intent is not to present a fully developed system but rather a vision, illustrated through a use case. While the algebra presented here is sufficiently defined to illustrate our viewpoints, further refinement and completion is necessary to facilitate application in a visual analytics system.
A cooperative adsorbent for the switch-like capture of carbon dioxide from crude natural gas (2022)

Natural gas constitutes a growing share of global primary energy due to its abundant supply and lower CO<sub>2</sub> emission intensity compared to coal. For many natural gas reserves, CO<sub>2</sub> contamination must be removed at the wellhead to meet pipeline specifications. Here, we demonstrate the potential of the diamine-appended metal-organic framework ee-2-Mg<sub>2</sub>(dobpdc) (ee-2 = <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diethylethylenediamine; dobpdc<sup>4-</sup> = 4,4'-dioxidobiphenyl-3,3'-dicarboxylate) as a next-generation CO<sub>2</sub> capture material for high-pressure natural gas purification. Owing to a cooperative adsorption mechanism involving formation of ammonium carbamate chains, ee-2-Mg<sub>2</sub>(dobpdc) can be readily regenerated with a minimal change in temperature or pressure and maintains its CO<sub>2</sub> capacity in the presence of water. Moreover, breakthrough experiments reveal that water enhances the CO<sub>2</sub> capture performance of ee-2-Mg<sub>2</sub>(dobpdc) by eliminating "slip" of CO<sub>2</sub> before full breakthrough. Spectroscopic characterization and multicomponent adsorption isobars suggest that the enhanced performance under humid conditions arises from preferential stabilization of the CO<sub>2</sub>-inserted phase in the presence of water. The favorable performance of ee-2-Mg<sub>2</sub>(dobpdc) is further demonstrated through comparison with a benchmark material for this separation, zeolite 13X, as well as extended pressure cycling. Overall, these results support continued development of ee-2-Mg<sub>2</sub>(dobpdc) as a promising adsorbent for natural gas purification.
Multi-rate peer-to-peer video conferencing: A distributed approach using scalable coding (2009)

We consider multi-rate peer-to-peer multi-party conferencing applications, where different receivers in the same group can receive videos at different rates using, for example, scalable layered coding. The quality of video received by each receiver can be modeled as a concave utility function of the video rate. We study and address the unique challenges introduced by multi-rate setting as compared to the single-rate case. We first determine an optimal set of tree structures for routing multi-rate content using scalable layered coding. We then develop primal and primal-dual based distributed algorithms to maximize aggregate utility of all receivers in all groups by multi-tree routing and show their convergence. These algorithms can be easily implemented and deployed on today's Internet. We have built a prototype video conferencing system to show that this approach offers low end-to-end delay, low complexity and high throughput, along with automatic adaptation to network conditions and user preferences.
Simple, accurate analog divider for low divisor values (1977)

Electronic analog divider circuit employs, over certain range, current-exponential voltage characteristics of diode to obtain better accuracy at low denominator values.
A Naturally Occurring <i>hPMS2</i> Mutation Can Confer a Dominant Negative Mutator Phenotype (1998)

Defects in mismatch repair (MMR) genes result in a mutator phenotype by inducing microsatellite instability (MI), a characteristic of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancers (HNPCC) and a subset of sporadic colon tumors. Present models describing the mechanism by which germ line mutations in MMR genes predispose kindreds to HNPCC suggest a "two-hit" inactivation of both alleles of a particular MMR gene. Here we present experimental evidence that a nonsense mutation at codon 134 of the hPMS2 gene is sufficient to reduce MMR and induce MI in cells containing a wild-type hPMS2 allele. These results have significant implications for understanding the relationship between mutagenesis and carcinogenesis and the ability to generate mammalian cells with mutator phenotypes.
Abstract B245: Claudin-1 (CLDN1) as a new therapeutic target in colorectal cancer: Inhibition of cell growth and survival by an anti-CLDN1 monoclonal antibody. (2013)

Abstract In metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, chemotherapy in combination with targeted therapies such as Avastin, Erbitux, and Vectibix (monoclonal antibodies) has improved response rates with prolongation of progression free survival and overall survival. Despite these major therapeutic progresses, at least 30 to 50% of patients remain non-responders. Our project aimed to identify and validate new molecular targets of CRC. Comparison of gene expression profiles between normal mucosa and primary tumor of CRC patients followed by immunohistochemistry analysis identified claudin-1 (CLDN1) as potential therapeutic target for antibody-targeted therapy. CLDN1 is a major tight junction transmembrane protein, already found overexpressed in CRC in several studies and associated with tumor progression. We have generated monoclonal antibodies (mAb) directed against extracellular domains of CLDN1 and demonstrated their specificity against human CLDN1 in vitro and in vivo. Then, using mice xenografted with the CRC cell line SW620 we tested the therapeutic effect of the 6F6C3mAb. The mice were treated by i.p. injections with vehicle or 6F6C3mAb at two different doses. The results showed that 6F6C3mAb treated-groups had a significant (p= 0,018) reduced growth compared to the control group and this effect was dose-dependent. The in vitro effects of the binding of 6F6C3mAb to CLDN1 were also assessed by clonogenic assays. Treatment by 6F6C3mAb induced a significant (p&lt; 0.05) reduction of the number of colony-forming cells for CLDN1high colorectal cancer cells (SW620, Caco2) but also for CLDN1high ovarian and pancreatic cancer cells (PANC1, BXPC3, SKOV3, IGROV1). Thus, 6F6C3mAb binding had a profound effect on cancer cell survival. In conclusion, CLDN1 seems to be a promising target for antibody-based therapy. The 6F6C3mAb is able to inhibit tumor growth and tumor survival by binding the extracellular domains of CLDN1. It can be used in the treatment of cancer diseases such as colorectal cancer as well in adjuvant as in metastatic setting. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):B245. Citation Format: Adeline Ayrolles-Torro, Nadia Vezzio-Vie, Vincent Denis, Florence Boissiere-Michot, Véronique Garambois, Muriel Busson, Imade Ait Arsa, Caroline Mollevi, Martine Pugniere, Frédéric Bibeau, Pierre Martineau, Céline Gongora, Maguy Del Rio. Claudin-1 (CLDN1) as a new therapeutic target in colorectal cancer: Inhibition of cell growth and survival by an anti-CLDN1 monoclonal antibody. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2013 Oct 19-23; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):Abstract nr B245.
Rational design and molecular effects of a new topoisomerase II inhibitor, azatoxin. (1992)

Azatoxin [NSC 640737-M; 5.R,11aS-1H,6H,3-one-5,4,11,11a-tetrahydro-5-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydr oxyphenyl) oxazolo (3',4':1,6)pyrido-(3,4-b)indole] was rationally designed from a model for the pharmacophore of drugs with topoisomerase II inhibition activity. This pharmacophore has at least 2 domains: a quasiplanar polycyclic ring system proposed to bind between the DNA base pairs and a pendant substituent proposed to interact with the enzyme and/or to the DNA grooves. The present study shows that, in cell free systems, azatoxin induces a large number of double strand-breaks in linear Simian virus 40 and human c-myc DNA. These breaks yield cleavage patterns that are different from those of well established topoisomerase II inhibitors (epipodophyllotoxins, amsacrine, mitoxantrone). Azatoxin also inhibits the catalytic activity of purified topoisomerase II, and is a nonintercalator. The structure-activity relationship of 3 isomers and 6 derivatives of azatoxin shows a stringent stereochemical requirement for activity. The effects of azatoxin pendant ring substitution on topoisomerase II mediated DNA cleavage activity were similar to the relationship observed for etoposide.
Bordetella pertussis pilin and pilin-like genes. (1988)

Bordetella pertussis fimbriae, which mediate the adherence of the microorganism to the epithelium of the respiratory tract, elicit a protective immunogenic response which could be taken advantage of for the creation of an acellular vaccine against pertussis. A few of the fimbrial proteins have been partially characterized by immunological means which recently the cloning and characterization of pilin and pilin-like genes are allowing us to study their structure, regulation of expression during the infectious cycle of Bordetella pertussis, and the basis for antigenic variation. In this communication we will review recent data on Bordetella pertussis pilin and pilin-like genes and their products, with particular emphasis on data most relevant to the design of an acellular vaccine.
Chimeric green fluorescent protein-aequorin as bioluminescent Ca <sup>2+</sup> reporters at the single-cell level (2000)

Monitoring calcium fluxes in real time could help to understand the development, the plasticity, and the functioning of the central nervous system. In jellyfish, the chemiluminescent calcium binding aequorin protein is associated with the green fluorescent protein and a green bioluminescent signal is emitted upon Ca(2+) stimulation. We decided to use this chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer between the two molecules. Calcium-sensitive bioluminescent reporter genes have been constructed by fusing green fluorescent protein and aequorin, resulting in much more light being emitted. Chemiluminescent and fluorescent activities of these fusion proteins have been assessed in mammalian cells. Cytosolic Ca(2+) increases were imaged at the single-cell level with a cooled intensified charge-coupled device camera. This bifunctional reporter gene should allow the investigation of calcium activities in neuronal networks and in specific subcellular compartments in transgenic animals.
Photogrammetric point cloud compression for tactical networks (2017)

We report progress toward the development of a compression schema suitable for use in the Army’s Common Operating Environment (COE) tactical network. The COE facilitates the dissemination of information across all Warfighter echelons through the establishment of data standards and networking methods that coordinate the readout and control of a multitude of sensors in a common operating environment. When integrated with a robust geospatial mapping functionality, the COE enables force tracking, remote surveillance, and heightened situational awareness to Soldiers at the tactical level. Our work establishes a point cloud compression algorithm through image-based deconstruction and photogrammetric reconstruction of three-dimensional (3D) data that is suitable for dissimination within the COE. An open source visualization toolkit was used to deconstruct 3D point cloud models based on ground mobile light detection and ranging (LiDAR) into a series of images and associated metadata that can be easily transmitted on a tactical network. Stereo photogrammetric reconstruction is then conducted on the received image stream to reveal the transmitted 3D model. The reported method boasts nominal compression ratios typically on the order of 250 while retaining tactical information and accurate georegistration. Our work advances the scope of persistent intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance through the development of 3D visualization and data compression techniques relevant to the tactical operations environment.
Engineering Nanorafts of Calixarene Polyphosphonates (2008)

The water-soluble calix[4]arene bearing p-substituted phosphonic acid groups is accessible in five steps in overall 62 % yield, with the hydrogen-bonding prowess of the acidic groups dominating its self-assembly processes. These include the formation of 3.0(3) nm and 20(2) nm nanorafts of the calixarene in water using spinning disc processing, stabilized by acetonitrile, and nanorafts in the gas phase (<or=20 molecules). The 20(2) nm particles transform into 3.0(3) nm particles prior to crystallization into a compact bilayer, whereas crystallization in the presence of large organic molecules gives an expanded bilayer interposed by layers of water molecules.
The Toner for Low Energy Fusing by using Crystalline Polyester (2001)

To achieve the low energy fusing, the application of the crystalline polyester is studied. To compare with usual polyester, the crystalline polyester melts very quickly when it comes to the melting point. To compare with wax, crystalline polyester is very hard. So the toner that contains crystalline polyester can be fused in low energy but has enough durability.It is not popular yet because of some problems (One of the problems is poor storage stability because this resin is plasticizated for mixing usual resin, the other one is low anti-offset property because of low elasticity.) though.This report shows the properties of the toner that contains crystalline polyester, or how well that toner works for low energy fusing. In this study, the way to overcome problems of toner that contains crystalline polyester, or the better way to use crystalline polyester for toner is reported. e.g.1) Which melting point's crystalline polyester is better for toner. 2) How to control the dispersion size of the crystalline polyester. 3) Which dispersion size of the crystalline polyester is better for low energy fusing and storage ability.
Non-Invasive Detection of Coronary Artery Disease Based on Clinical Information and Cardiovascular Signals: A Two-Stage Classification Approach (2018)

In this paper we propose a novel process flow of a low-cost, non-invasive screening system for identifying Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) patients using a two-stage classification approach. A statistical rule engine is designed based on patient demography and medical history which is applied at the first stage of the proposed classification system. The misclassification error at this stage is reduced at the second stage based on numerical features extracted from multiple cardiovascular signals. Two sets of features are extracted from phonocardiogram (PCG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals, collected from each subject for creating two independent Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers. Outcomes of the two classifiers are fused at the decision level for final prediction at second stage based on absolute distance of the test data-point from its respective SVM hyperplane. Results show that the proposed approach achieves sensitivity of 0.92 and specificity of 0.90 in classifying CAD patients on a hospital dataset of 99 subjects including CAD and non-CAD patients.
Time slice video synthesis by robust video alignment (2017)

Time slice photography is a popular effect that visualizes the passing of time by aligning and stitching multiple images capturing the same scene at different times together into a single image. Extending this effect to video is a difficult problem, and one where existing solutions have only had limited success. In this paper, we propose an easy-to-use and robust system for creating time slice videos from a wide variety of consumer videos. The main technical challenge we address is how to align videos taken at different times with substantially different appearances, in the presence of moving objects and moving cameras with slightly different trajectories. To achieve a temporally stable alignment, we perform a mixed 2D-3D alignment, where a rough 3D reconstruction is used to generate sparse constraints that are integrated into a pixelwise 2D registration. We apply our method to a number of challenging scenarios, and show that we can achieve a higher quality registration than prior work. We propose a 3D user interface that allows the user to easily specify how multiple videos should be composited in space and time. Finally, we show that our alignment method can be applied in more general video editing and compositing tasks, such as object removal.
Investigation of Laser Shock Processing. Volume 2 (1980)

The objective of the program was to demonstrate that laser shock processing is a viable method of improving the fatigue and crack growth performance of mechanically fastened joints. It was shown that a decrease in crack growth rate can be achieved under specified conditions. These conditions involve compressive residual stress (induced by the process) which modify the crack shape and reduce the stress intensity factor. 2024-T3 aluminum alloy reacted better to the process than 7075-T6 aluminum. Results were better in thin (.125 inch) than thick (.250 inch) material. Initial design environmental and cost studies indicate that a laser shock processing system for use on a production line is feasible.
Stress-Aware Design Methodology (2006)

Sub-90 nm CMOS circuits contain a significant amount of mechanical stress in active silicon. This stress is generated by a variety of intentional and unintentional stress sources. Shallow trench isolation is an example of an unintentional stress source, whereas embedded SiGe in the source and drain is an example of an intentional stress source. The amount of stress in each transistor in the circuit depends on the shape of its diffusion area as well as the density of the adjacent layout. The resulting non-uniform stress distribution alters individual transistor performance and, ultimately, the behavior of the circuit. In this paper, several examples are used to illustrate this effect based on design rules for the 45 nm technology node. A number of alternative approaches are suggested for partially suppressing or completely eliminating the stress-induced performance variations.
Methane direct conversion to olefins, aromatics, and hydrogen over silica entrapped bimetallic MeFe-SiO2 (Me = Co, Ni, Pd, Pt) catalysts (2022)

Here, MeFe-SiO2 (Me = Co, Ni, Pd, Pt) catalysts with bimetallic sites entrapped in a highly crystalline SiO2 structure were synthesized and used for the conversion of methane to olefins, aromatics, and hydrogen (MTOAH) at 1020°C. The MeFe-SiO2 catalysts showed polymorphic forms of cristobalite, quartz, and tridymite after reaction. Among the bimetallic catalysts, 0.5Pt1.0Fe-SiO2 exhibited the highest methane conversion (10.0%) with high hydrocarbon selectivity (79.9%) at 1020°C. In C2 (ethane, ethylene, acetylene) conversion with hydrogen co-feeding at 1020°C, acetylene was identified as a major coke precursor. MTOAH with different gas hourly space velocities (GHSV) showed that the 0.5Pt1.0Fe-SiO2 catalyst exhibited higher methane conversion and aromatics selectivity than the 1.0Fe-SiO2 catalyst. Density functional theory calculations showed that the Pt-Fe3C surface is energetically favorable for methane activation and inhibits graphitic coke deposition by C2 dehydrogenation. Consequently, a modification of the entrapped Fe sites by Pt addition improved the methane conversion and hydrocarbon selectivity of the catalyst.
Modeling pattern dependencies in the micron-scale embossing of polymeric layers (2008)

We describe a highly computationally efficient method for calculating the topography of a thermoplastic polymeric layer embossed with an arbitrarily patterned stamp. The approach represents the layer at the time of embossing as a linear-elastic material, an approximation that is argued to be acceptable for the embossing of thermoplastics in their rubbery regime. We extend the modeling approach to represent the embossing of layers with thicknesses comparable to the characteristic dimensions of the pattern on the stamp. We present preliminary experimental data for the embossing of such layers, and show promising agreement between simulated and measured topographies. Where the thickness of the embossed layer is larger than the characteristic dimensions of the pattern being embossed, the stamp-layer contact pressure exhibits peaks at the edges of regions of contact, and material fills stamp cavities with a single central peak. In contrast, when the layer thickness is smaller than the characteristic dimensions of the features being embossed, contact pressures are minimal at the edges of contact regions, and material penetrates cavities with separate peaks at their edges. These two apparently distinct modes of behavior, and mixtures of them, are well described by the simple and general model presented here.
Imaging of the Oral Cavity Using Optical Coherence Tomography (2000)

Optical coherence tomography is a new method for noninvasively imaging internal tooth and soft tissue microstructure. The intensity of backscattered light is measured as a function of depth in the tissue. Low coherence interferometry is used to selectively remove the component of backscattered signal that has undergone multiple scattering events, resulting in very high resolution images (< 15 microns). Lateral scanning of the probe beam across the biological tissue is then used to generate a 2-D intensity plot, similar to ultrasound images. This imaging method provides information that is currently unobtainable by any other means, making possible such diverse applications as diagnosis of periodontal disease, caries detection, and evaluation of restoration integrity. This chapter presents an overview of this exciting new imaging technique and its current application to dental diagnosis.