gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Cdc23 (Mcm10) protein is required for the phosphorylation of minichromosome maintenance complex by the Dfp1-Hsk1 kinase (2003)

Previous studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have defined an essential role for the Dbf4-Cdc7 kinase complex in the initiation of DNA replication presumably by phosphorylation of target proteins, such as the minichromosome maintenance (Mcm) complex. We have examined the phosphorylation of the Mcm complex by the Dfp1-Hsk1 kinase, the Schizosaccharomyces pombe homologue of Dbf4-Cdc7. In vitro, the purified Dfp1-Hsk1 kinase efficiently phosphorylated Mcm2p. In contrast, Mcm2p, present in the six-subunit Mcm complex, was a poor substrate of this kinase and required Cdc23p (homologue of Mcm10p) for efficient phosphorylation. In the presence of Cdc23p, Dfp1-Hsk1 phosphorylated the Mcm2p and Mcm4p subunits of the Mcm complex. Cdc23p interacted with both the Mcm complex and Dfp1-Hsk1 by selectively binding to the Mcm467 subunits and Dfp1p, respectively. The N terminus of Cdc23p was found to interact directly with Dfp1-Hsk1 and was essential for phosphorylation of the Mcm complex. Truncated derivatives of Cdc23p that complemented the temperature-sensitive phenotype of cdc23 mutant cells also stimulated the phosphorylation of Mcm complex, implying that this activity might be a critical role of Cdc23p in vivo. These results suggest that Cdc23p participates in the activation of prereplicative complex by recruiting the Dfp1-Hsk1 kinase and stimulating the phosphorylation of the Mcm complex.
A Novel Role for α-Tocopherol Transfer Protein (α-TTP) in Protecting against Chloroquine Toxicity (2011)

Chloroquine (CQ) is a widely prescribed anti-malarial agent and is also prescribed to treat autoimmune diseases. Clinical treatment with CQ is often accompanied by serious side effects such as hepatitis and retinopathy. As a weak base, CQ accumulates in intracellular acidic organelles, raises the pH, and induces osmotic swelling and permeabilization of acidic organelles, which account for CQ-induced cytotoxicity. We reported previously that CQ treatment caused α-tocopherol transfer protein (α-TTP), a gene product of familial vitamin E deficiency, to change its location from the cytosol to the surface of acidic organelles. Here we show that α-TTP plays a novel role in protecting against CQ toxicity both in vitro and in vivo. In the presence of CQ, rat hepatoma McARH7777 cells, which do not express α-TTP endogenously, showed more severe cytotoxicity, such as larger vacuolation of acidic organelles and caspase activation, than α-TTP transfectant cells. Similarly, α-TTP knockout mice showed more severe CQ toxicity, such as hepatotoxicity and retinopathy, than wild-type mice. These effects were not ameliorated by vitamin E supplementation. In contrast to bafilomycin A1 treatment, which prevents CQ accumulation in cells by raising the pH of acidic organelles, α-TTP expression prevented CQ accumulation without affecting the pH of acidic organelles. Taken together, our data suggest that α-TTP protects against CQ toxicity by preventing CQ accumulation in acidic organelles through a mechanism distinct from vitamin E transport.
<scp>II</scp>. Yeast sequencing reports. Analysis of a 17·4 kb DNA segment of yeast chromosome II encompassing the ribosomal protein L19 as well as proteins with homologies to components of the hnRNP and snRNP complexes and to the human proliferation‐associated p120 antigen (1994)

We report the nucleotide sequence of a 17.4 kb DNA segment from the left arm of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome II. This sequence contains 12 open reading frames (ORFs) longer than 300 bp and a putative autonomously replicating sequence (ARS). The ORF YBL0418 contains the KH motif present in several nucleic acid-binding proteins and shares homologies with the mouse X protein of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) complexes involved in pre-mRNA processing. YBL0424 is the yeast member of the ribosomal protein L19 (YL14) family. YBL0425 is related to the D1 core polypeptide of the small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) particles involved in the splicing of introns. YBL0437 is a putative homologue of the human protein p120, one of the major antigens associated with malignant tumours. Mcm2, a protein important for ARS activity, as well as Aac2, one of the three isoforms of the mitochondrial ATP/ADP carrier, were previously described (Yan et al., 1991; Lawson and Douglas, 1988). Four ORFs show no homology or particular features that could help to assess their functions. The last ORFs are not likely to be expressed for they are localized on the complementary strand of longer ORFs.
Wind Tunnel Analysis of Concentrators for Augmented Wind Turbines (2004)

Various power augmentation systems have been studied to improve the performance of wind rotors by increasing the energy density of the wind. One of them is the ducted augmentation system. However, most of the studies of the ducted rotor concern the effect of the diffuser [1] [2] while little research has been done concerning the concentrator (nozzle). This paper analyses the effect of the concentrator and its optimum design. The effect of power augmentation is increased if (a) the position of the rotor is correctly behind the outlet of the concentrator, (b) the outlet diameter of the concentrator is smaller than the rotor diameter, and © the inlet diameter is much larger than the rotor diameter.
Automated test data generation for aspect-oriented programs (2009)

Despite the upsurge of interest in the Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP) paradigm, there remain few results on test data generation techniques for AOP. Furthermore, there is no work on search-based optimization for test data generation, an approach that has been shown to be successful in other programming paradigms.
Emerging trends in the pharmacotherapy of chronic pain (2003)

The pharmacotherapy for pain is dominated by conventional analgesics such as the opioids and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Recent advances in the understanding of the mechanisms of pain in general and chronic pain in particular, opened the field of analgesic therapy to newer pharmacological targets, which are aimed at improved efficacy and enhanced tolerability over conventional antipain treatments. Many novel targets are still in preclinical development, but some have made it into human trials and have shown promise. Newer anticonvulsants, new generation cyclooxygenase inhibitors, better tolerated glutamate modulators and balanced serotonin/noradrenaline re-uptake inhibitors are some targets that have shown promise in the clinic. These and other compounds that are in advanced phases of development for chronic pain are reviewed in this paper. It is hoped that the decade of pain control and research will lead us to an arsenal of effective and safe analgesics that will conquer the problem of chronic pain.
Intra-articular fractures of the calcaneum. Part I: Pathological anatomy and classification (1993)

We have studied the radiographic and CT features of 120 displaced intra-articular fractures of the calcaneum in order to define the pathological anatomy. In 96% of cases, the CT scans identified three main fragments: sustentacular, lateral joint and body. The sustentacular fragment was often rotated into varus, the lateral joint fragment into valgus and the body fragment impacted upwards, in varus and displaced laterally. The displacement of these fragments varied according to which of three fracture types was present, as defined by the composition of the fractured lateral wall of the calcaneum. In type 1 it was formed by the lateral joint fragment alone; in type 2 by both body and lateral joint fragments; and in type 3 by the body fragment alone. Fracture fragment displacement differs from that previously described, in that true uniform depression of the lateral joint fragment is rare.
Effect of CO2 on the fermentation capacities of the acetogen Peptostreptococcus productus U-1 (1996)

The fermentative capacities of the acetogenic bacterium Peptostreptococcus productus U-1 (ATCC 35244) were examined. Although acetate was formed from all the substrates tested, additional products were produced in response to CO2 limitation. Under CO2-limited conditions, fructose-dependent growth yielded high levels of lactate as a reduced end product; lactate was also produced under CO2-enriched conditions when fructose concentrations were elevated. In the absence of supplemental CO2, xylose-dependent growth yielded lactate and succinate as major reduced end products. Although supplemental CO2 and acetogenesis stimulated cell yields on fructose, xylose-dependent cell yields were decreased in response to CO2 and acetogenesis. In contrast, glycerol-dependent growth yielded high levels of ethanol in the absence of supplemental CO2, and pyruvate was subject to only acetogenic utilization independent of CO2. CO2 pulsing during the growth of CO2-limited fructose cultures stopped lactate synthesis immediately, indicating that CO2-limited cells were nonetheless metabolically poised to respond quickly to exogenous CO2. Resting cells that were cultivated at the expense of fructose without supplemental CO2 readily consumed fructose in the absence of exogenous CO2 and formed only lactate. Although the specific activity of lactate dehydrogenase was not appreciably influenced by supplemental C02 during cultivation, cells cultivated on fructose under CO2-enriched conditions displayed minimal capacities to consume fructose in the absence of exogenous CO2. These results demonstrate that the utilization of alternative fermentations for the conservation of energy and growth of P. productus U-1 is augmented by the relative availability of CO2 and growth substrate.
Spatial distribution of backscattered electrons in the scanning electron microscope and electron microprobe (1974)

Monte Carlo calculations have been applied to the electron scattering theory in scanning electron microscopy. These calculations are based on a single-scattering model in which the screened Rutherford expression for single-scattering cross section and the continuous energy-loss equation of Bethe are used. The surface distribution of backscattered electrons is obtained for Al and Au targets at 20 keV, with 0° and 45° incidence. From these results the exit areas of the backscattered electrons are discussed and compared with experiment. The penetration depths of the backscattered electrons are given at 0° incidence. Everhart's model for backscattering was modified, taking into account the calculated results. The proportion of the singly backscattered electrons to the total backscattered electrons was estimated by the modified model. The result shows that about half of the total backscattered electrons are caused by large-angle single-scattering events. This is consistent with the previous results of Cosslett and Thomas.
Some features of alt texts associated with images in Web pages (2005)

<br><b>Introduction.</b> This paper extends a series on summaries of Web objects, in this case, the alt attribute of image files. <br><b>Method.</b> Data were logged from 1894 pages from Yahoo!'s random page service and 4703 pages from the Google directory; an img tag was extracted randomly from each where present; its alt attribute, if any, was recorded; and the header for the corresponding image file was retrieved if possible. <br><b>Analysis.</b> Associations were measured between image type and use of null alt values, image type and image file size, image file size and alt text length, and alt text length and number of images on the page. <br><b>Results.</b> 16.6% and 17.3% of pages respectively showed no img elements. Of 1579 and 3888 img tags randomly selected from the remainder, 47.7% and 49.4% had alt texts, of which 26.3% and 27.5% were null. Of the 1316 and 3384 images for which headers could be retrieved, 71.2% and 74.2% were GIF, 28.1% and 20.5%, JPEG; and 0.8% and 0.8% PNG. GIF images were more commonly assigned null alt texts than JPEG images, and GIF files tended to be shorter than JPEG files. Weak positive correlations were observed between image file size and alt text length, except for JPEG files in the Yahoo! set. Alt texts for images from pages containing more images tended to be slightly shorter. <br><b>Conclusion.</b> Possible explanations for the results include GIF files' being more suited to decorative images and the likelihood that many images on image-rich pages are content-poor.
A practical approach to optimizing the preparation of speckle patterns for digital-image correlation (2014)

The quality of strain measurements by digital image correlation (DIC) strongly depends on the quality of the pattern on the specimen's surface. An ideal pattern should be highly contrasted, stochastic, and isotropic. In addition, the speckle pattern should have an average size that exceeds the image pixel size by a factor of 3–5. (Smaller speckles cause poor contrast, and larger speckles cause poor spatial resolution.) Finally, the ideal pattern should have a limited scatter in terms of speckle sizes.The aims of this study were: (i) to define the ideal speckle size in relation to the specimen size and acquisition system; (ii) provide practical guidelines to identify the optimal settings of an airbrush gun, in order to produce a pattern that is as close as possible to the desired one while minimizing the scatter of speckle sizes.Patterns of different sizes were produced using two different airbrush guns with different settings of the four most influential factors (dilution, airflow setting, spraying distance, and air pressure). A full-factorial DOE strategy was implemented to explore the four factors at two levels each: 36 specimens were analyzed for each of the 16 combinations.The images were acquired using the digital cameras of a DIC system. The distribution of speckle sizes was analyzed to calculate the average speckle size and the standard deviation of the corresponding truncated Gaussian distribution. A mathematical model was built to enable prediction of the average speckle size in relation to the airbrush gun settings.We showed that it is possible to obtain a pattern with a highly controlled average and a limited scatter of speckle sizes, so as to match the ideal distribution of speckle sizes for DIC. Although the settings identified here apply only to the specific equipment being used, this method can be adapted to any airbrush to produce a desired speckle pattern.
Correction: Deficiency of FLCN in Mouse Kidney Led to Development of Polycystic Kidneys and Renal Neoplasia (2008)

The Birt-Hogg-Dube (BHD) disease is a genetic cancer syndrome. The responsible gene, BHD, has been identified by positional cloning and thought to be a novel tumor suppressor gene. BHD mutations cause many types of diseases including renal cell carcinomas, fibrofolliculomas, spontaneous pneumothorax, lung cysts, and colonic polyps/cancers. By combining Gateway Technology with the Ksp-Cre gene knockout system, we have developed a kidney-specific BHD knockout mouse model. BHD flox/flox /Ksp-Cre mice developed enlarged kidneys characterized by polycystic kidneys, hyperplasia, and cystic renal cell carcinoma. The affected BHD flox/flox /Ksp-Cre mice died of renal failure at approximate three weeks of age, having blood urea nitrogen levels over tenfold higher than those of BHD flox/+ /Ksp-Cre and wild-type littermate controls. We further demonstrated that these phenotypes were caused by inactivation of BHD and subsequent activation of the mTOR pathway. Application of rapamycin, which inhibits mTOR activity, to the affected mice led to extended survival and inhibited further progression of cystogenesis. These results provide a correlation of kidney-targeted gene inactivation with renal carcinoma, and they suggest that the BHD product FLCN, functioning as a cyst and tumor suppressor, like other hamartoma syndrome-related proteins such as PTEN, LKB1, and TSC1/2, is a component of the mTOR pathway, constituting a novel FLCN-mTOR signaling branch that regulates cell growth/proliferation.
Highly selective and sensitive chromogenic detection of nerve agents (sarin, tabun and VX): a multianalyte detection approach (2017)

A novel strategy using ferrocenyl dye (1) was developed for highly selective chromogenic detection of all nerve agents. The protocol was first established with nerve agent mimics (DFP, DCNP, and malaoxon) and then implemented on real agents, i.e. sarin, tabun and VX. The developed chemosensor showed no interferences from the most probable interferents such as acetyl chloride, sulfur mustard, oxygen mustard and DMMP. Real-time visual detection with a lower limit of detection (below LD<sub>50</sub>) made the present protocol highly appealing and versatile.
Maintenance therapy of patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian carcinoma with the anti-tumor-associated-mucin-1 antibody gatipotuzumab: results from a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, phase II study (2021)

ClinicalTrials.govNCT01899599; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01899599.
Robust 600 V GaN high electron mobility transistor technology on GaN-on-Si with 400 V, 5 µs load-short-circuit withstand capability (2016)

Abstract A 600 V normally-ON GaN high-electron mobility transistor (HEMT) technology with an intrinsic specific ON resistance R on · A = 500 mΩ·mm 2 and a breakdown voltage of BV dss ∼ 1100 V is described. A novel high-power 30-A-class GaN-Si MOSFET cascode device with a back-side source Si laterally diffused MOSFET (LDMOSFET) and an embedded clamp diode are employed to enable the GaN HEMT to withstand 400 V and a more than 5 µs load short circuit condition, as required in switching inverter applications. Considerations for improvement of the GaN lateral HEMT short-circuit withstand capability are addressed.
The age of gossip (2009)

Disseminating a piece of information, or updates for a piece of information, has been shown to benefit greatly from simple randomized procedures, sometimes referred to as gossiping, or epidemic algorithms. Similarly, in a network where mobile nodes occasionally receive updated content from a base station, gossiping using opportunistic contacts allows for recent updates to be efficiently maintained, for a large number of nodes. In this case, however, gossiping depends on node mobility. For this reason, we introduce a new gossip model, with mobile nodes moving between different classes that can represent locations or states, which determine gossiping behavior of the nodes. Here we prove that, when the number of mobile nodes becomes large, the age of the latest updates received by mobile nodes approaches a deterministic mean-field regime. More precisely, we show that the occupancy measure of the process constructed, with the ages defined above, converges to a deterministic limit that can be entirely characterized by differential equations. This major simplification allows us to characterize how mobility, source inputs and gossiping influence the age distribution for low and high ages. It also leads to a scalable numerical evaluation of the performance of mobile update systems, which we validate (using a trace of 500 taxicabs) and use to propose infrastructure deployment.
Domain-independent text segmentation using anisotropic diffusion and dynamic programming (2003)

This paper presents a novel domain-independent text segmentation method, which identifies the boundaries of topic changes in long text documents and/or text streams. The method consists of three components: As a preprocessing step, we eliminate the document-dependent stop words as well as the generic stop words before the sentence similarity is computed. This step assists in the discrimination of the sentence semantic information. Then the cohesion information of sentences in a document or a text stream is captured with a sentence-distance matrix with each entry corresponding to the similarity between a sentence pair. The distance matrix can be represented with a gray-scale image. Thus, a text segmentation problem is converted into an image segmentation problem. We apply the anisotropic diffusion technique to the image representation of the distance matrix to enhance the semantic cohesion of sentence topical groups as well as sharpen topical boundaries. At last, the dynamic programming technique is adapted to find the optimal topical boundaries and provide a zoom-in and zoom-out mechanism for topics access by segmenting text in variable numbers of sentence topical groups. Our approach involves no domain-specific training, and it can be applied to texts in a variety of domains. The experimental results show that our approach is effective in text segmentation and outperforms several state-of-the-art methods.
Discrete trinuclear complexes of niobium and tantalum related to the local structure in niobium chloride, Nb3Cl8 (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiscrete trinuclear complexes of niobium and tantalum related to the local structure in niobium chloride, Nb3Cl8F. Albert Cotton, Michael P. Diebold, Xuejun Feng, and Wieslaw J. RothCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1988, 27, 19, 3413–3421Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00292a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00292a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views248Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts