gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of anti-angiogenic cancer vaccine using epitope peptides derived from vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) (2006)

1404 The administration of the agents to prevent tumor angiogenesis has been shown by the recent clinical trials to be a valid option to treat various types of cancer. These agents include specific inhibitors and antibodies to block the VEGF-VEGFR system. However, these anti-angiogenic agents have significant limitations in specificity and the necessity for frequent administration. To overcome such shortcomings of the existing agents, we have been investigating the possibility of developing vaccination strategy to prevent tumor angiogenesis using epitope peptides derived from VEGFR2 and have successfully shown in mouse tumor model that it is a promising strategy. Furthermore, cancer vaccine targeting tumor endothelial cells rather than tumor cell themselves could also be effective for treating tumor cell variants which have lost their HLA class I expression, since endothelial cells do not down regulate HLA class I molecules in any conditions. In this study, we have focused on VEGFR1 which has been identified to be overexpressed on the endothelial cells of vessels in tumor but not in normal tissue. As the initial step, we identified HLA-A*0201 restricted epitope peptides derived from VEGFR1 using reverse immunology method. Based on the binding motif to the HLA-A*0201, epitope candidate peptides were predicted from their binding affinity. Then, we examined the effects of vaccination with these epitope candidate peptides in A2/Kb transgenic mice (A2/Kb TGM). Since A2/Kb TGM express α1 and α2 domains of human HLA-A*0201, they are useful in analyzing human CTL responses. Immunization to A2/Kb transgenic mice with identified epitope peptides induced CTL responses including increased IFN-γ secretion detectable with ELISPOT assay and potent cytotoxicity. Furthermore, immunization with these epitope peptides showed significant suppression of tumor-induced angiogenesis measured with in vivo dorsal air sac assay. To construct tumor systems closely related to clinical settings, we transplanted syngeneic mouse tumor cells that were chemically induced in C57BL/6 mice (H-2Kb) not expressing HLA-A*0201 molecules. Immunization with these epitope peptides showed significant inhibition of tumor growth in multiple tumors. There were no apparent adverse effects in mice immunized with these epitope peptides. Moreover, stimulation using these epitope peptides could induce peptide-specific CTL clones from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with HLA-A*0201 in vitro, and these CTL clones showed peptide-specific and potent cytotoxicity. These results, in vivo and in vitro, strongly suggest that VEGFR1 is another promising target for T cell mediated anti-angiogenic immunotherapy and warrant further clinical development.
Simultaneous nulling in the sum and difference patterns of a monopulse antenna (1984)

Most adaptive array research has not directly addressed the problem of nulling in a monopulse antenna. Placing a null in the sum does not automatically place a null in the difference pattern and vice versa. Nulls may be placed in the two patterns with the use of separate adaptive weights and controls for the sum and difference channels. However, this requires two sets of adaptive hardware for one antenna. A technique for simultaneous hulling in the sum and difference channels of a monopulse phased array using one set of adaptive weights shared by both channels is described. First, the technique is described for amplitude and phase nulling, then for phase only hulling. In each case, the ability to simultaneously null in both channels with one set of variable weights is theoretically demonstrated.
Structure and Function of a Novel Voltage-gated, Tetrodotoxin-resistant Sodium Channel Specific to Sensory Neurons (1996)

Small neurons of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) are known to play an important role in nociceptive mechanisms. These neurons express two types of sodium current, which differ in their inactivation kinetics and sensitivity to tetrodotoxin. Here, we report the cloning of the alpha-subunit of a novel, voltage-gated sodium channel (PN3) from rat DRG. Functional expression in Xenopus oocytes showed that PN3 is a voltage-gated sodium channel with a depolarized activation potential, slow inactivation kinetics, and resistance to high concentrations of tetrodotoxin. In situ hybridization to rat DRG indicated that PN3 is expressed primarily in small sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system.
Aromatic Sulfide Inhibitors of Histone Deacetylase Based on Arylsulfinyl-2,4-hexadienoic Acid Hydroxyamides (2005)

The synthesis of a novel series of potent inhibitors of histone deacetylases is described, based on arylsulfinyl-2,4-hexadienoic acid hydroxyamides and their derivatives. In vitro IC(50) values down to 40 nM were obtained, and several compounds showed inhibition of CEM (human leukemic) cell viability with IC(50) of approximately 1.5 microM, comparable to or better than that of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, an inhibitor of histone deacetylase currently in clinical trials.
A Harmonic-Selective Multi-Band Wireless Receiver With Digital Harmonic Rejection Calibration (2019)

A 30-mW multi-band receiver based on harmonic selection is presented. The prototype receiver employs a 32-phase non-overlapping local oscillator (LO) and is capable of simultaneously receiving multiple wireless signals arbitrarily located between 600 MHz and 3 GHz. The receiver achieves 2.4-5-dB noise figure (NF) and tolerates as large as -10-dBm out-of-band blockers. Employing a digital harmonic rejection (HR) calibration to overcome phase and amplitude mismatches in the 32-phase LO and down-conversion paths, close to 80 dB of HR is measured.
Demonstration and optical characteristics of electro-optic Bragg modulators in periodically poled lithium niobate in the near-infrared (2002)

We report the infrared operation of a bulk optical Bragg modulator based on electro-optically induced refractive index gratings in z-cut periodically poled lithium niobate. Efficiencies in the first order of 45% for 1064 nm e-polarized light and 30% for o-polarized light were achieved, with maximum on/off ratios of 15:1 and 9:1, respectively. Field-induced light scattering effects due to poling are observed at higher drive voltages and compromised device performance due to these scattering effects is predicted to limit long-wavelength operation of these devices.
Process for purifying phosphogysum (1983)

A process for reducing radioactive contamination of phosphogypsum. Phosphogypsum containing radioactive material is calcined to form hemihydrate crystals carrying the radioactive contaminants, and a portion of the crystals is converted to substantially radiation-free gypsum crystals which are readily separated from the hemihydrate crystal relics containing substantially all of the radioactive contamination.
Physicochemical properties of new solid urea-nitric phosphate fertilizers. 2. Products from nitric acid, phosphate rock, urea, and supplemental wet-process phosphoric acid (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhysicochemical properties of new solid urea-nitric phosphate fertilizers. 2. Products from nitric acid, phosphate rock, urea, and supplemental wet-process phosphoric acidJack M. Sullivan, John H. Grinstead Jr., Yong K. Kim, and Kjell R. WaerstadCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1988, 27, 5, 857–865Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00077a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00077a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views57Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Optimal user pairing in downlink MU-MIMO with transmit precoding (2008)

In this paper consider a downlink multiuser-MIMO transmission system in which at most two users can transmit simultaneously on different spatial channels or beams. We show how to find the optimal user subsets for K users in a system where inter-user interference is mitigated via transmit precoding and sum capacity is maximized using a linear programming algorithm that defines the optimal user subsets under a particular fairness criterion.
Data from Changes in CT Radiomic Features Associated with Lymphocyte Distribution Predict Overall Survival and Response to Immunotherapy in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

<div>Abstract<p>No predictive biomarkers can robustly identify patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who will benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies. Here, in a machine learning setting, we compared changes (“delta”) in the radiomic texture (DelRADx) of CT patterns both within and outside tumor nodules before and after two to three cycles of ICI therapy. We found that DelRADx patterns could predict response to ICI therapy and overall survival (OS) for patients with NSCLC. We retrospectively analyzed data acquired from 139 patients with NSCLC at two institutions, who were divided into a discovery set (D<sub>1</sub> = 50) and two independent validation sets (D<sub>2</sub> = 62, D<sub>3</sub> = 27). Intranodular and perinodular texture descriptors were extracted, and the relative differences were computed. A linear discriminant analysis (LDA) classifier was trained with 8 DelRADx features to predict RECIST-derived response. Association of delta-radiomic risk score (DRS) with OS was determined. The association of DelRADx features with tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) density on the diagnostic biopsies (<i>n</i> = 36) was also evaluated. The LDA classifier yielded an AUC of 0.88 ± 0.08 in distinguishing responders from nonresponders in D<sub>1</sub>, and 0.85 and 0.81 in D<sub>2</sub> and D<sub>3</sub>. DRS was associated with OS [HR: 1.64; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.22–2.21; <i>P</i> = 0.0011; C-index = 0.72). Peritumoral Gabor features were associated with the density of TILs on diagnostic biopsy samples. Our results show that DelRADx could be used to identify early functional responses in patients with NSCLC.</p></div>
A data labelling technique for high-performance protocol processing and its consequences (1993)

Reordering and reassembly of data before processing can reduce communication system performance as seen by the application. We examine a method of explicitly labelling blocks of data with sufficient information to allow processing of misordered data. Our labelling syntax for data blocks, which we call chunks, is cleaner and more general than that of other protocols. We show how chunks can be used for efficient fragmentation/reassembly and compare chunks with other fragmentation systems. End-to-end error detection is complex for chunks or other systems that allow both fragmentation and processing of misordered data. We show that it is possible to design an end-to-end error detection system that does not compromise chunk processing performance. Chunks can take advantage of processing techniques such as Integrated Layer Processing and can be used to implement concepts such as Application Layer Framing [CLAR 90].
Inhibitors of human purine nucleoside phosphorylase. Synthesis of pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines, a new class of purine nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitors as potentially T-cell selective immunosuppressive agents. Description of 2,6-diamino-3,5-dihydro-7-(3-thienylmethyl)-4H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-one (CI-972) (1992)

Purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) is a purine-metabolizing enzyme in the purine cascade and has been a target for drug design for sometime. A series of potent human PNP inhibitors, pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines (9-deazaguanines), has been synthesized and evaluated in the enzyme assay and in the cell line assay using MOLT-4 (T-cell) and MGL-8 (B-cell) lymphoblasts for selectivity. One of the compounds, 2,6-diamino-3,5- dihydro-7-(3-thienylmethyl)-4H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine-4-one (11c; CI-972), was found to be moderately potent, competitive, and reversible inhibitor of PNP with Ki = 0.83 microM. It was also found to be selectively cytotoxic to MOLT-4 lymphoblasts (IC50 = 3.0 microM) but not to MGL-8 lymphoblasts and was evaluated further. Compound 11c (CI-972) is under development in the clinic.
Fast efficient channel change [set-top box applications] (2005)

A system for enabling fast channel change response time in a set-top box while improving video compression efficiency is proposed. Additional low bitrate channel change I pictures are transmitted in the video stream, to enable frequent random access points without requiring frequent high bitrate I pictures.
Detecting spatially varying gray component replacement with application in watermarking printed images (2005)

We present a method to include watermarks in printed images. With accurate printer calibration, in theory, the same color under different gray component replacement (GCR) strategies should look the same, under specific viewing conditions. We spatially vary the GCR along the image in a manner that is not perceptible, and we employ an estimation method to detect such changes. The choice of GCR for a given pixel (or region) comprises an additional information channel that embeds a watermark or hidden information. The challenge is how to detect which GCR was used and that is our focus. For that, we estimate the RGB value of each pixel and the CMYK values intended to be put onto the paper by scanning the printed page. With that information, we can estimate which GCR strategy was used in a given region and retrieve the watermark message. Instead of focusing on a particular watermarking scheme, we are concerned only with the practical aspects of producing a spatially varying GCR and of robustly estimating which GCR strategy was used at a region. Promising GCR detection results are shown to illustrate the method's potential to watermark printed images.
Biological Control of Aflatoxin Contamination in U.S. Crops and the Use of Bioplastic Formulations of <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> Biocontrol Strains To Optimize Application Strategies (2017)

Aflatoxin contamination has a major economic impact on crop production in the southern United States. Reduction of aflatoxin contamination in harvested crops has been achieved by applying nonaflatoxigenic biocontrol Aspergillus flavus strains that can out-compete wild aflatoxigenic A. flavus, reducing their numbers at the site of application. Currently, the standard method for applying biocontrol A. flavus strains to soil is using a nutrient-supplying carrier (e.g., pearled barley for Afla-Guard). Granules of Bioplastic (partially acetylated corn starch) have been investigated as an alternative nutritive carrier for biocontrol agents. Bioplastic granules have also been used to prepare a sprayable biocontrol formulation that gives effective reduction of aflatoxin contamination in harvested corn kernels with application of much smaller amounts to leaves later in the growing season. The ultimate goal of biocontrol research is to produce biocontrol systems that can be applied to crops only when long-range weather forecasting indicates they will be needed.
Downlink beamforming for frequency division duplex systems (2003)

We propose a downlink beamforming method for an adaptive antenna system utilizing our new spatial covariance matrix transformation (SCMT). Therefore we first estimate the azimuthal power spectrum (APS) of the received uplink data for all users within the same physical channel. Afterwards we modify the APS of the user and the interference to prevent beampointing errors for the desired user and improve the nulling capabilities. Finally we construct the spatial covariance matrices at the downlink frequency and use this spatial information for antenna weight calculation. The approach is applicable for any adaptive antenna system with FDD. It outperforms direction of arrival based methods by at least 10 dB in SNIR. Applying the SCMT we approach the upper downlink limit within 4 dB in urban environments.
Selective Multiterminal Sensor on Individual ZnO Nanotetrapod (2009)

This article presents a sensitive and selective sensor based on an individual zinc oxide nanotetrapod and on crossed ZnO nanorod for detection of UV light and hydrogen at low temperature. It is demonstrated that ZnO tetrapod has potential application as UV and as chemical sensor with multi-terminal construction. The chemisorbed gas molecules on a surface can extract or donate electrons to nano-material and this effect was used for monitoring the electrical resistance values change of the tetrapod sensor. We demonstrate that the ZnO tetrapod sensor demonstrate sensitivity and selectivity in resistance upon exposure to UV light, H2, O2, NH3 and LPG gas. The resistivity change is different for UV and for H2 gas sensing.
<title>Measurement of absorption coefficients in small volumes of highly scattering media</title> (1997)

The measurement of absorption coefficients in small volumes of turbid media using endoscope-compatible probes potentially has many applications including the assessment of concentrations of PDT and chemotherapy drugs in tissue. Methods for determination of absorption coefficients in small volumes for which the diffusion approximation is invalid have not previously been developed. Our aim its to develop a technique for measuring small changes in absorption based on broad wavelength, cw measurements. Our primary approach is to develop phenomenological algorithms based on the results of Monte Carlo simulations of light transport. The algorithms are tested using tissue phantoms to which known amounts of an absorber have been added. Results indicate that for some light excitation and collection geometries the average pathlength for the collected light does not depend on the scattering properties for the range of scattering parameters expected in tissue.
Nonviral Reprogramming of Human Wharton's Jelly Cells Reveals Differences Between <i>ATOH1</i> Homologues (2015)

The transcription factor atonal homolog 1 (ATOH1) has multiple homologues that are functionally conserved across species and is responsible for the generation of sensory hair cells. To evaluate potential functional differences between homologues, human and mouse ATOH1 (HATH1 and MATH-1, respectively) were nonvirally delivered to human Wharton's jelly cells (hWJCs) for the first time. Delivery of HATH1 to hWJCs demonstrated superior expression of inner ear hair cell markers and characteristics than delivery of MATH-1. Inhibition of HES1 and HES5 signaling further increased the atonal effect. Transfection of hWJCs with HATH1 DNA, HES1 siRNA, and HES5 siRNA displayed positive identification of key hair cell and support cell markers found in the cochlea, as well as a variety of cell shapes, sizes, and features not native to hair cells, suggesting the need for further examination of other cell types induced by HATH1 expression. In the first side-by-side evaluation of HATH1 and MATH-1 in human cells, substantial differences were observed, suggesting that the two atonal homologues may not be interchangeable in human cells, and artificial expression of HATH1 in hWJCs requires further study. In the future, this line of research may lead to engineered systems that would allow for evaluation of drug ototoxicity or potentially even direct therapeutic use.
Hard Carbon–Sulfide Solid Electrolyte Interface in All-Solid-State Sodium Batteries (2023)

Hard carbon is a promising negative electrode material for sodium-ion batteries that operate at low potentials. However, reversible and high-capacity charging and discharging in all-solid-state sodium batteries with hard carbon electrodes using sulfide solid electrolytes have not been reported. This study reports that reductive decomposition of the sulfide solid electrolyte occurs at both the negative composite electrode and the interface between the negative electrode layer and the solid electrolyte layer. In the first cycle, the all-solid-state cell with a composite electrode containing a Na3PS4 solid electrolyte exhibited a large irreversible capacity of 561 mAh g−1 because of the reductive decomposition of Na3PS4 to Na2S and Na3P. The use of a Na3BS3 glass electrolyte with reduction stability can lead to the successful charging and discharging of all-solid-state cell that utilizes hard carbon. This glass electrolyte can serve as a solid electrolyte for the negative composite electrode and as a buffer layer between the negative electrode layer and the solid electrolyte layer. Hence, it can also help suppress the irreversible capacity of the cell to 122 mAh g−1.
Compact and low-power optical logic NOT gate based on photonic crystal waveguides without optical amplifiers and nonlinear materials (2012)

An optical logic NOT gate (OLNG) is presented based on photonic crystal (PhC) waveguides without nonlinear materials and optical amplifiers. Also, a way of determining the operating parameters is presented. It is demonstrated through finite-difference time-domain simulations that the structure presented can operate as an OLNG. The optimized contrast ratio, defined as the logic-"1" output power divided by the logic-"0" output power, is found to be 297.07 or 24.73 dB. The size of the OLNG can be as small as 7a×7a, where a is the lattice constant of the PhC. Further, the OLNG presented in this paper can operate at a bit rate as high as 2.155 Tbit/s, which is much higher than that of electronic or optical logic gates developed until now. Moreover, as it is not based on the nonlinear effect, the OLNG can operate at very low powers and a relatively large operating bandwidth. This is favorable for large-scale optical integration and for developing multiwavelength parallel-processing optical logic systems.
Mechanisms of immune evasion in schistosomiasis. (1987)

An unusual property of schistosomes is their capacity to survive intravascularly for many years in the face of an ongoing antiparasite immune response by the infected host. This ability to evade the immune system appears to be due to several unusual parasite adaptations occurring soon after infection is initiated. Foremost amongst these are processes which result in reduced surface antigenicity and the development of a tegument intrinsically resistant to immune damage. The unusual ability of the schistosome surface membrane to escape immune recognition and damage suggests that attempts to vaccinate against this important parasite either should be directed against very early schistosomula which have yet to achieve the refractory state, or involve stimulation of effector mechanisms, such as killing by activated macrophages, which do not require recognition or interaction with parasite surface antigens.
Preparation and biological evaluation of 4-O-demethyldaunorubicin (carminomycin I) and of its 13-dihydro derivative. (1978)

A mutant strain of Streptomyces peucetius produced an anthracycline antibiotic whose structure has been established to be 4-O-demethyl-13-dihydrodaunorubicin (4), by applicationof spectroscopic methods and chemical degradation. A new synthesis of 4-O-demethyldaunorubicin (carminomycin I, 2) starting from daunomycinone, together with the comparison of the antitumor activity of the anthracycline glycosides 2 and 4 are also reported.