gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of gold structures by gold-binding peptide governed by concentration of gold ion and peptide (2016)

Although biological synthesis methods for the production of gold structures by microorganisms, plant extracts, proteins, and peptide have recently been introduced, there have been few reports pertaining to controlling their size and morphology. The gold ion and peptide concentrations affected on the size and uniformity of gold plates by a gold-binding peptide Midas-11. The higher concentration of gold ions produced a larger size of gold structures reached 125.5 μm, but an increased amount of Midas-11 produced a smaller size of gold platelets and increased the yield percentage of polygonal gold particles rather than platelets. The mechanisms governing factors controlling the production of gold structures were primarily related to nucleation and growth. These results indicate that the synthesis of gold architectures can be controlled by newly isolated and substituted peptides under different reaction conditions.
Hidden-ID Authentication Scheme and its SVO-Logic Based Formal Analysis (2007)

Generally, users are required to submit their identity in- formation at the beginning of the authentication process. Hence, adversaries can follow the tracks of specified users' information and decrypt the corresponding authentication messages. Against these security risks caused by identity information, this paper proposes a Hidden-ID authentica- tion scheme, in which users can be authenticated without submitting their identity information directly. Meanwhile, a formal analysis of the Hidden-ID authentication scheme based on SVO Logic is also presented, which shows the pro- posed scheme meets the design objectives.
High-Q X Band Aluminum Nitride Combined Overtone Resonators (2019)

We experimentally demonstrate a new class of micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) resonators, aluminum nitride (AlN) Combined Overtone Resonators (CORs). AlN CORs utilizing a combination of the 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nd</sup> (A2) and 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> (A3) order asymmetrical Lamb-wave overtone at 8.8 GHz are built using one-micron aluminum nitride plates fabricated with a simple 2-mask process. Mechanical quality factor Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> and loaded quality factor Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</sub> as high as 1100 and 750 are achieved (corresponding to f*Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> =9.7e12 and f*Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</sub> =6.6e12), being the highest reported for piezoelectric MEMS resonators operating in X band and higher bands. Those devices show near 50 Ω termination impedances (56 Ω), low motional resistance Rm values (20 Ω) and an electromechanical-coupling coefficient k <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of 0.3%. Frequency tuning capability by varying pitch size is also demonstrated. Lowcost X band narrow band filters and oscillators can be easily built using such a new resonator technology with relaxed photolithography requirements and simple fabrication processes.
Mn-Zn crystalline ferrite head and a method of making the same (1982)

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Simulation and optimization of energy efficient operation of HVAC system as demand response with distributed energy resources (2015)

Optimal control of building's HVAC (Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning) system as a demand response may not only reduce energy cost in buildings, but also reduce energy production in grid, stabilize energy grid and promote smart grid. In this paper, we describe a model predictive control (MPC) framework that optimally determines control profiles of the HVAC system as demand response. A Nonlinear Autoregressive Neural Network (NARNET) is used to model the thermal behavior of the building zone and to simulate various HVAC control strategies. The optimal control problem is formulated as a Mixed-Integer Non-Linear Programming (MINLP) problem and it is used to compute the optimal control profile that minimizes the total energy costs of powering HVAC system considering dynamic demand response signal, on-site energy storage system and energy generation system while satisfying thermal comfort of building occupants within the physical limitation of HVAC equipment, on-site energy storage and generation systems.
Giant enhancement of luminescence intensity in Er-doped Si/SiO2 resonant cavities (1992)

Si/SiO2 Fabry–Pérot microcavities with rare-earth-doped SiO2 active regions are realized for the first time. Cavity-quality factors exceeding Q=300 are achieved with structures consisting of two Si/SiO2 distributed Bragg reflectors and an Er-implanted (λ/2) SiO2 active region. The room-temperature photoluminescence intensity of the on-axis emission is 1–2 orders of magnitude higher for resonant cavity structures as compared to structures without a cavity.
Playfield registration in broadcast soccer video (2010)

In this paper, we present a method to conduct playfield registration for ball and player trajectory mapping in soccer videos. The task is to find the geometric correspondence between a screen image plane and the standard playfield model, and then map the ball and players from the image plane to the field model. We firstly learn the video dominant colour, and use it to extract the field region. Then apply Hough transform to detect lines and extract their intersection points. If the number of intersection points is big enough (>=4), we use direct way to estimate the homography mapping matrix. Otherwise, we apply indirect way that reconstructs the mapping matrix by taking motion between adjacent frames as transition factor. We tested the method on thousands of frames in FIFA World Cup 2006 videos, and demonstrated the method is practicable and robust in cases player occlusion and moderate camera motion.
AC-3 bit stream watermarking (2012)

AC-3 audio compression find applications in home cinema, DVD, BD and digital television. This paper addresses the challenge of transparently watermarking AC-3 bit streams instead of the conventional decoding — baseband watermarking — re-encoding approach. We discuss the alternate possibilities to embed watermarks by altering the MDCT coefficients delivered in the bit stream, which consists of mantissas and exponents. We then introduce an AC-3 bit stream watermarking system that is accomplished by solely modifying mantissas to obtain a low computational complexity. We subsequently present the associated watermark detector, which proves to be interoperable with a legacy watermarking system that operates in a different embedding domain. Finally, we compare the proposed bit stream system with the regular decoding — watermarking — re-encoding chain to verify the quality and robustness.
Utility of paraneoplastic antigens as biomarkers for surveillance and prediction of recurrence in ovarian cancer (2017)

Our study suggests that appearance of onconeural antibodies prior to the rise in CA125 during post treatment surveillance can be a useful diagnostic to predict ovarian cancer recurrence.
Combustion synthesis of glass-ceramic composites under terrestrial and reduced gravity conditions (2000)

Glasses based on B2O3-Al2O3-BaO and B2O3-Al2O3-MgO have been produced by the combustion synthesis technique. The combustion temperature, wave velocity for selected compositions are presented. Combustion reactions of these materials were typically low exothermic, resulting in unstable combustion waves. Microstructural characterization of these materials indicated that the glass formation region was similar to those that were produced by the traditional technique. Results of the effect of gravity on the glass formation (or divitrification) studied onboard of KC-135 is also presented.
Heterologous Expression and Extracellular Secretion of Cellulases in Recombinant Microbes (2012)

Lignocellulose, starch, sucrose, and macroalgal biomass are different forms of plant biomass that have been exploited for bioethanol production. Among them, lignocellulose, found in both agricultural and forest waste, has attracted great attention because of its relative abundance in nature Lignocellulose is a complex polymer made up of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Efficient conversion of lignocellulose into bioethanol involves a series of steps, namely, the collection of biomass; pretreatment to dissolve lignin; size reduction to reduce the number of recalcitrant hydrogen bonds; enzymatic saccharification to yield simple sugars; and, finally, fermentation of the sugars to ethanol. The main hurdle in this process is the lack of low-cost technology to overcome the recalcitrance associated with lignocellulose Pretreatment is needed to dissolve the lignin, and enzymes such as xylanases are needed to hydrolyze the hemicellulosic fraction that otherwise would prevent cellulases from accessing the cellulose (Wen et al. 2009) (Fig 1A). The half-life of crystalline cellulose at neutral pH is estimated to be one hundred million years A cocktail of saccharification enzymes-with endoglucanases, exoglucanases and -glucosidases forming the major portion-is needed to disrupt the chemical stability of cellulose. The physical stability of lignocellulose, rendered by hydrogen bonds formed between adjacent cellulose polymers, is still a major obstacle to the efficient hydrolysis of cellulose. An additional challenge in cellulose hydrolysis is the relatively poor kinetics exhibited by cellulases Cellulases have lower specific activities than do other hydrolytic enzymes, because their substrate (cellulose) is insoluble, crystalline, and heterogeneous (Fig Activity of each of the cellulases in complex enzyme cocktails is inhibited by intermediates-such as cello-oligosaccharides and cellobiose, produced during cellulose hydrolysis-leading to discontinuity in the process. For example, exoglucanase action yields cellobiose, which inhibits endoglucanase (Fig
<title>Optical techniques for three-dimensional image recognition</title> (2001)

We describe several optoelectronic methods based in digital holography for recognition of 3D images. The phase and amplitude of a Fresnel diffraction pattern of a 3D reference object is measured with digital holography. This complex information is compared with that coming from a similar digital hologram of a 3D input scene using correlation techniques. In this way, the method allows us to detect the presence of the 3D reference object in the 3D input scene with high discrimination. Pattern recognition techniques that are shift-variant or shift-invariant along the optical axis are described. In the later case it is possible to detect the 3D position of the reference in the input scene with high accuracy. Using the information contained in the digital holograms it is also possible to measure small 3D orientation changes of a 3D object. Experimental results are presented.
Synthesis of 1,2,4‐triazolo[1,5‐<i>a</i>]pyrimidine‐2‐sulfonamides (1993)

Abstract The 1,2,4‐triazolo[1,5‐ a ]pyrimidine‐2‐sulfonamides are a new class of highly active herbicides. A novel cyclization method for the synthesis of these compounds is discussed.
Quantification of Proteins and Metabolites by Mass Spectrometry without Isotopic Labeling or Spiked Standards (2003)

A new method is presented for quantifying proteomic and metabolomic profile data by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) with electrospray ionization. This biotechnology provides differential expression measurements and enables the discovery of biological markers (biomarkers). Work presented here uses human serum but is applicable to any fluid or tissue. The approach relies on linearity of signal versus molecular concentration and reproducibility of sample processing. There is no use of isotopic labeling or chemically similar standard materials. Linear standard curves are reported for a variety of compounds introduced into human serum. As a measure of analytical reproducibility for proteome and metabolome sampling, median coefficients of variation of 25.7 and 23.8%, respectively, were determined for approximately 3400 molecular ions (not counting their numerous isotopes) from 25 independently processed human serum samples, corresponding to a total of 85000 individual molecular ion measurements.
Optimized Virtual Antenna Array of Wideband Narrow Beam MIMO System for Overlapped Virtual Elements (2020)

This paper presents a novel process of creating an optimized virtual array for a Multi-Input, Multi-Output (MIMO) antenna array. It has been shown that MIMO radars yield increased range and angular resolution as compared to non-MIMO phased array radars. This is due, in part, to the increased aperture size created from the MIMO virtual array. It is known that for certain linear phased array antenna geometries/layouts that antenna elements can become overrepresented in the resultant MIMO virtual array. Current literature pertaining to the generation of an optimized MIMO antenna virtual array has not been presented for overrepresented antenna configurations. This paper presents the general concept of MIMO radar, overrepresented MIMO array configurations and the processing problems that result. The proposed solution for this result is discussed.
SEMANTIC ASSOCIATIONS FOR CONTEXTUAL ADVERTISING (2008)

Contextual advertising systems place ads automatically in Web pages, based on the Web page content. In this paper we present a machine learning approach to contextual advertising using a novel set of features which aims to capture subtle semantic associations between the vocabularies of the ad and the Web page. We design a model for ranking ads with respect to a page which is learned using Support Vector Machines. We evaluate our model on a large set of manually evaluated ad placements. The proposed model significantly improves accuracy over a learned model using features from current work in contextual advertising.
Novel flowcytometry-based approach of malignant cell detection in body fluids using an automated hematology analyzer (2018)

Morphological microscopic examinations of nucleated cells in body fluid (BF) samples are performed to screen malignancy. However, the morphological differentiation is time-consuming and labor-intensive. This study aimed to develop a new flowcytometry-based gating analysis mode "XN-BF gating algorithm" to detect malignant cells using an automated hematology analyzer, Sysmex XN-1000. XN-BF mode was equipped with WDF white blood cell (WBC) differential channel. We added two algorithms to the WDF channel: Rule 1 detects larger and clumped cell signals compared to the leukocytes, targeting the clustered malignant cells; Rule 2 detects middle sized mononuclear cells containing less granules than neutrophils with similar fluorescence signal to monocytes, targeting hematological malignant cells and solid tumor cells. BF samples that meet, at least, one rule were detected as malignant. To evaluate this novel gating algorithm, 92 various BF samples were collected. Manual microscopic differentiation with the May-Grunwald Giemsa stain and WBC count with hemocytometer were also performed. The performance of these three methods were evaluated by comparing with the cytological diagnosis. The XN-BF gating algorithm achieved sensitivity of 63.0% and specificity of 87.8% with 68.0% for positive predictive value and 85.1% for negative predictive value in detecting malignant-cell positive samples. Manual microscopic WBC differentiation and WBC count demonstrated 70.4% and 66.7% of sensitivities, and 96.9% and 92.3% of specificities, respectively. The XN-BF gating algorithm can be a feasible tool in hematology laboratories for prompt screening of malignant cells in various BF samples.
An Experimental and Kinetic Study of the Sorption of Carbon Dioxide onto Amine-Treated Oil Fly Ash (2016)

A new CO 2 adsorbent is produced from waste oil fly ash (OFA). Ammonium hydroxide solution is used to convert OFA to activated carbon. Then, the product is used for the adsorption of CO 2 from a nitrogen/carbon dioxide (N 2 /CO 2 ) gas mixture. The OFA samples are characterized by several techniques. Chemical treatment of OFA considerably changed its surface morphology. In particular, its surface area, as determined by BET measurements, increased from 59 to 318 m 2 /g. The amine-functionalized ash had a monolayer adsorption capacity of 74.51 mg/g and was obtained at relative pressure,<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">0.05</mml:mn><mml:mo><</mml:mo><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:mo><</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">0.35</mml:mn></mml:math>. A kinetics study showed that the CO 2 adsorption capacity of OFA increased with increasing CO 2 flow rates and concentrations and decreasing the relative humidity. Unlike physical adsorption, the chemisorption process resulted in increased adsorption capacity with increasing temperatures over the range 0–40°C. We also found that the adsorption process was endothermic (80–173 kJ/mol). The isotherm data for the adsorption process were fitted using different models. The saturation capacity determined from the Sips model, which corresponds to the sum of the saturation capacities of all of the adsorbed layers, was 540.3 mg/g of ash.
Hyaluronic acid binding ability of human sperm reflects cellular maturity and fertilizing potential: selection of sperm for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (2006)

Hyaluronic acid mediated sperm selection is a novel technique that is comparable to sperm zona pellucida binding. Hyaluronic acid selected sperm will also alleviate the risks related to intracytoplasmic sperm injection fertilization with sperm of diminished maturity that currently cause worldwide concern.
Unit tests reloaded: parameterized unit testing with symbolic execution (2006)

Unit tests are becoming popular. Are there ways to automate the generation of good unit tests? Parameterized unit tests are unit tests that depend on inputs. PUTs describe behavior more concisely than traditional unit tests. We use symbolic execution techniques and constraint solving to find inputs for PUTs that achieve high code coverage, to turn existing unit tests into PUTs, and to generate entirely new PUTs that describe an existing implementation's behavior. Traditional testing benefits from these techniques because test inputs - including the behavior of entire classes - can often be generated automatically from compact PUTs
Synthesis and Characterization of Highly Fluorinated Graphite Containing sp<sup>2</sup> and sp<sup>3</sup> Carbon (2004)

Highly fluorinated graphites were obtained by reaction of fluorine with graphite, at room temperature, in the presence of iodine pentafluoride and hydrogen fluoride. The re-fluorination between 100 and 600 °C yielded a series of fluorinated graphites with semi-ionic and covalent C−F bonds with varying amounts of sp2- and sp3-type carbon hybridization. Three types of materials have been generated: for re-fluorination lower than 400 °C, the C−F bond is still mainly semi-ionic and the carbon atoms are sp2 coplanar; for re-fluorination temperatures between 400 and 550 °C, “hybrid” graphite fluorides characterized by two types of C−F bonds, semi-ionic and covalent, with sp2 and sp3 carbon hybridization were found. For higher re-fluorination temperatures (between 550 and 600 °C), despite a similar fluorination amount and a covalent C−F bond, the sp2 character never completely vanished even at a high re-fluorination temperature of 600 °C. At such a temperature, a directly fluorinated graphite would be of the pure sp3 type.
Evolutionary architecture search for deep multitask networks (2018)

Multitask learning, i.e. learning several tasks at once with the same neural network, can improve performance in each of the tasks. Designing deep neural network architectures for multitask learning is a challenge: There are many ways to tie the tasks together, and the design choices matter. The size and complexity of this problem exceeds human design ability, making it a compelling domain for evolutionary optimization. Using the existing state of the art soft ordering architecture as the starting point, methods for evolving the modules of this architecture and for evolving the overall topology or routing between modules are evaluated in this paper. A synergetic approach of evolving custom routings with evolved, shared modules for each task is found to be very powerful, significantly improving the state of the art in the Omniglot multitask, multialphabet character recognition domain. This result demonstrates how evolution can be instrumental in advancing deep neural network and complex system design in general.
Study Design and Baseline Characteristics of the CARDINAL Trial: A Phase 3 Study of Bardoxolone Methyl in Patients with Alport Syndrome (2021)

CARDINAL is one of the largest interventional, randomized controlled trials in Alport syndrome conducted to date. Despite the use of ACEi or ARB, patients were experiencing significant loss of kidney function prior to study entry.
A System Architecture for the Detection of Insider Attacks in Big Data Systems (2016)

In big data systems, the infrastructure is such that large amounts of data are hosted away from the users. In such a system information security is considered as a major challenge. From a customer perspective, one of the big risks in adopting big data systems is in trusting the provider who designs and owns the infrastructure from accessing user data. Yet there does not exist much in the literature on detection of insider attacks. In this work, we propose a new system architecture in which insider attacks can be detected by utilizing the replication of data on various nodes in the system. The proposed system uses a two-step attack detection algorithm and a secure communication protocol to analyze processes executing in the system. The first step involves the construction of control instruction sequences for each process in the system. The second step involves the matching of these instruction sequences among the replica nodes. Initial experiments on real-world hadoop and spark tests show that the proposed system needs to consider only 20% of the code to analyze a program and incurs 3.28% time overhead. The proposed security system can be implemented and built for any big data system due to its extrinsic workflow.
A novel 5-axis robot for printing high resolution pictures from media on 3D wide surfaces (2009)

A novel 5-axis robot for industrial large printing applications is presented in this paper. The robot was developed at the LMS <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> from Poitiers University and an international patent was deposited for this invention in 2006. It concerns large format three-dimensional printing on a fixed surface, like trailer tarpaulin for example. The robot is composed by an inkjet printing block and a device to dry the ink sprayed onto the surface. Kinematics of the mechanical device with 5 degrees of freedom was studied to position and orientate the printheads onto the surface to be printed. The structure of the robot is simple with high speed capability and printing resolution. The working principle and mechanical structure are described and the geometrical model and control of the robot are also discussed. Finally printing results illustrate the efficiency of the proposed 3D printing robot.