gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Current Measurement Gain Tuning Using High Frequency Signal Injection (2007)

Accurate measurement of the phase currents in electric machines is a requirement for most high performance drives. Incorrect current measurement gain estimates, caused by device tolerances, temperature drifts, age and noise, reduce the accuracy of the current measurements and degrade the drive's performance. This paper presents a method for compensating current measurement gain errors using a periodically injected, high frequency voltage. The positive and negative sequence components of the resulting high frequency current are measured and used for balancing and scaling the phase current measurement gains. The method can be used either as part of an initial commissioning, or start-up sequence, or periodically during the regular operation of the machine.
UO/sub 2/F/sub 2/ inclusion compositions (1978)

Compositions of matter are described comprising the intercalation of Lewis bases into the layer lattice structure of UO/sub 2/F/sub 2/ or by formation of directed chemical bonds between an electron donor atom of the Lewis base and the uranium ions in UO/sub 2/F/sub 2/. Thermal treatment of these compositions results in the release of the Lewis base unchanged and the recovery of the uranyl fluoride. Hygroscopic and deliquescence properties of the compositions are reduced.
Ratiometric Detection of Mitochondrial Thiols with a Two-Photon Fluorescent Probe (2011)

We report a ratiometric two-photon probe (SSH-Mito) for mitochondrial thiols. This probe shows a marked blue-to-yellow emission color change in response to RSH, a significant two-photon cross section, good mitochondrial thiol selectivity, low cytotoxicity, and insensitivity to pH over the biologically relevant pH range, allowing the direct visualization of RSH levels in live cells as well as in living tissues at 90-190 μm depth without interference from other biologically relevant species through the use of two-photon microscopy.
Standard pattern comparing system for eliminating duplicative data entries for different applications program dictionaries, especially suitable for use in voice recognition systems (1995)

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Synthesis of 2"-amino-2"-deoxyarbekacin and its analogs having potent activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. (1994)

Based on our studies on the enzymatic modifications of arbekacin by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), replacement of the 2''-hydroxyl group by an amino group in arbekacin was designed to synthesize derivatives that would be active against MRSA. 2''-Amino-2''-deoxyarbekacin and five analogs were synthesized starting from dibekacin. Among them, 2''-amino-2''-deoxyarbekacin and the 5-epiamino analog showed excellent antibacterial activities against not only MRSA but also Gram-negative bacteria including Pseudomonas, and lower toxicities than arbekacin.
A 2.8-V Multibit Complex Bandpass &#x00394;&#x003A3;AD Modulator in 0.18&#x003BC;m CMOS (2007)

A second-order multibit switched-capacitor (SC) complex bandpass ΔΣ AD modulator has been designed, fabricated and tested for application to low-IF receivers in wireless communication systems. We have employed two new algorithms there to improve the signal-to-noise-and-distortion (SNDR) of the modulator, (i) A complex bandpass filter with I, Q dynamic matching to reduce the mismatch influence between I, Q paths. As its by-product, the complex modulator can be divided into two separate parts without signal line crossing between the upper and lower paths. Therefore, the layout design of the modulator can be greatly simplified; (ii) A new complex bandpass data-weighted averaging (DWA) algorithm is implemented to suppress nonlinearity effects of multibit DACs in complex form to achieve high accuracy. Implemented in a 0.18-μm CMOS process and at 2.8V supply, the modulator achieves a measured peak SNDR of 64.5dB at 20MS/s with a signal bandwidth of 78kHz while dissipating 28.4mW and occupying an area of 1.82mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
A cylindrical capacitor ionization source: droplet generation and controlled charge reduction for mass spectrometry (2001)

A cylindrical capacitor ionization source was used in conjunction with corona discharge charge reduction for generation of singly charged ions for mass spectrometric analysis. The source consists of a fused-silica capillary threaded with a platinum wire and placed inside a stainless steel tube. Application of an electric potential to the wire results in the production of a linear stream of charged droplets when an aqueous solution is pumped through the capillary. Subsequent solvent evaporation yields ions, providing a continuous ion source for mass spectrometry. Passage of the ions through a corona discharge charge reduction chamber permits reduction of the charge state to predominantly singly charged species, facilitating analysis of DNA and protein mixtures. The change from production of multiply charged ions to production of singly charged ions is extremely simple, requiring only modulation of the voltage applied to the corona discharge electrode. A simple technique for construction of the ionization source is reported.
The type I macrophage scavenger receptor binds togram-positive bacteria and recognizes lipoteichoic acid. (1994)

Macrophage scavenger receptors exhibit unusually broad binding specificity for polyanionic ligands and have been implicated in atherosclerosis and various host defense functions. Using a radiolabeled, secreted form of the type I bovine macrophage scavenger receptor in an in vitro binding assay, we have found that this receptor binds to intact Gram-positive bacteria, including Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus hirae, and Listeria monocytogenes. Competition binding studies using purified lipoteichoic acid, an anionic polymer expressed on the surface of most Gram-positive bacteria, show that lipoteichoic acids are scavenger receptor ligands and probably mediate binding of the receptor to Gram-positive bacteria. Lipoteichoic acids, for which no host cell receptors have previously been identified, are implicated in the pathogenesis of septic shock due to Gram-positive bacteria. Scavenger receptors may participate in host defense by clearing lipoteichoic acid and/or intact bacteria from tissues and the circulation during Gram-positive sepsis. Since scavenger receptors have been previously shown to bind to and facilitate bloodstream clearance of Gram-negative bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide), these receptors may provide a general mechanism for macrophage recognition and internalization of pathogens and their cell surface components.
Low Field NMR-Tool for Bitumen Sands Characterization: A New Approach (1999)

Abstract NMR well logging technology has become a recognised and effective method for characterising hydrocarbons in porous media. Many recent publications have attested to its suitability for this purpose. NMR can be used to determine porosity, permeability and viscosity in situ, to estimate pore size distribution, to indicate wettability alteration during the recovery process and to determine many other important parameters. All previous NMR applications were developed for investigating conventional oil reservoirs. Extending the detection capabilities of NMR Logging tools into heavy oil and bitumen reservoirs for in situ characterisation is very important for oil producers in the Province of Alberta, Canada and other heavy oil and bitumen areas (Venezuela, California, Russia, etc.). The main problem encountered when trying to use NMR technology to evaluate these reservoirs is that the relaxation characteristics of heavy oils and bitumen are at the limits of the logging tools’ detection capabilities. The NMR signal obtained from conventional oil, heavy oil and bitumen formations can consist of both hydrocarbon signal and water signal. Each NMR signal can further characterise both mobile and immobile fluids in the porous media. However, as the viscosity of the hydrocarbon phase increases and the NMR signal shifts towards lower relaxation times, the composite NMR signal for the hydrocarbon bearing formation becomes very complicated. As the viscosity of the bitumen exceeds 100,000 cP (at natural conditions), the relaxation characteristics of bitumen become partially non-detectable by both the logging and laboratory NMR tools. As a result, the conventional methods of NMR detection fail to recognise precisely the hydrocarbon components. Laboratory NMR measurements of bitumen bearing porous media under different temperatures were performed. This method delivered new information about bitumen reserves in situ. The results show that low field NMR holds promise for the characterisation of heavy oil and bitumen recoverable reserves. This new approach can be applicable for real time monitoring of thermal extraction including monitoring the efficiency of thermal recovery methods.
Multiwavelength and Supercontinuum Quantum Cascade Lasers (2002)

Bandstructure engineering of intersubband optical transitions has led to a new class of quantum cascade lasers (QCL) that simultaneously emit multiple wavelengths by suitable tailoring of the gain spectrum of identical cascaded active regions or by cascading of different active regions. Using the latter approach the first supercontinuum semiconductor laser has been demonstrated. Bidirectional QCLs as well as preliminary results on intracavity nonlinear optical generation will be discussed.
Development of an Optical Digital Ionisation Chamber (1989)

Abstract We are developing a new device for optically detecting and imaging the track of a charged particle in a gas. The electrons in the particle track are made to oscillate rapidly by the application of an external, short duration, high voltage, RF electric field. The excited electrons produce additional ionisation and electronic excitation of the gas molecules in their immediate vicinity, leading to copious light emission (fluorescence) from the selected gas, allowing the location of the electrons along the track to be determined. Two digital cameras simultaneously scan the emitted light across two perpendicular planes outside the chamber containing the gas. The information thus obtained for a given track can be used to infer relevant quantities for microdosimetry and dosimetry, e.g. energy deposited, LET, and track structure in the gas. The design of such a device now being constructed and methods of obtaining the dosimetric data from the digital output will be described.
Serum sErbB1 and epidermal growth factor levels as tumor biomarkers in women with stage III or IV epithelial ovarian cancer. (1999)

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has a high mortality rate, which is due primarily to the fact that early clinical symptoms are vague and nonspecific; hence, this disease often goes undetected and untreated until in its advanced stages. Sensitive and reliable methods for detecting earlier stages of EOC are, therefore, urgently needed. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a ligand for EGF receptor (ErbB1); this receptor is the product of the c-erbB1 proto-oncogene. ErbB1 overexpression is common in human ovarian carcinoma-derived cell lines and tumors, in which overexpression is thought to play a critical role in tumor etiology and progression. Furthermore, ErbB1 overexpression is associated with disease recurrence and decreased patient survival. Recently, we have developed an acridinium-linked immunosorbent assay that detects a approximately 110-kDa soluble analogue of ErbB1, ie., sErbB1, in serum samples from healthy men and women (A. T. Baron, et al., J. Immunol. Methods, 219: 23-43, 1998). Here, we demonstrate that serum p110 sErbB1 levels are significantly lower in EOC patients with stage III or IV disease prior to (P < 0.0001) and shortly after (P < 0.0001) cytoreductive staging laparotomy than in healthy women of similar ages, whereas EGF levels are significantly higher than those of age-matched healthy women only in serum samples collected shortly after tumor debulking surgery (P < 0.0001). We observe that the preoperative serum sErbB1 concentration range of advanced stage EOC patients barely overlaps with the serum sErbB1 concentration range of healthy women. In addition, we show that serum sErbB1 and EGF levels changed temporally for some EOC patients who were surgically debulked of tumor and who provided a second serum sample during the course of combination chemotherapy. Finally, we observe a significant positive association between sErbB1 and EGF levels only in serum samples of EOC patients collected prior to cytoreductive surgery (correlation coefficient = 0.61968; P = 0.0027). These data suggest that epithelial ovarian tumors concomitantly affect serum sErbB1 and EGF levels. In conclusion, these data indicate that serum sErbB1 and EGF (postoperative only) levels are significantly different between EOC patients and healthy women and that altered and/or changing serum sErbB1 and EGF levels may provide important diagnostic and/or prognostic information useful for the management of patients with EOC.
A low temperature iron molten air battery (2014)

Molten air battery, a new class of rechargeable battery with the highest storage density, is demonstrated to work at temperatures more compatible with EV applications.
Investigation of Luminescent Properties of Sc:CaF2 and Sc,Ce:CaF2 Crystals as Promising New Media for UV Tunable Solid State Lasers (1996)

Wideband UV-visible luminescence under laser or CW lamp excitation was observed in y-irradiated Sc and Sc-Ce doped CaF2 crystals: 1) at 380 nm in Sc:CaF2 and Sc:Ce:CaF2 crystals, attributed to Sc2+ ions and 2) at 300 nm in Sc,Ce:CaF2 crystals, due to Sc-Ce aggregate centers.
Burst switching without guard interval in all-optical software-define star intra-data center network (2014)

Optical switching has been introduced in intra-data center networks (DCNs) to increase capacity and to reduce power consumption. Recently we proposed a star MIMO OFDM-based all-optical DCN with burst switching and software-defined networking. Here, we introduce the control procedure for the star DCN in detail for the first time. The timing, signaling, and operation are described for each step to achieve efficient bandwidth resource utilization. Furthermore, the guidelines for the burst assembling period selection that allows burst switching without guard interval are discussed. The star all-optical DCN offers flexible and efficient control for next-generation data center application.
Design of a novel redox biocatalyst to specification (363.3) (2014)

Recently, we obtained the first amine dehydrogenases, termed L‐AmDH and F‐AmDH, from leucine DH [1] and phenylalanine DH [2], respectively, allowing direct reductive amination of ketones to chiral amines. Starting from a scaffold devoid of such activity, a robust AmDH has been evolved with a single two‐site library allowing for the direct production of ( R )‐1‐(4‐fluorophenyl)‐propyl‐2‐amine from para ‐fluoro phenyl acetone with a k cat value of 6.85 s ‐1 at 25 o C. Only (R)‐amine was formed (> 99.8% e.e. ), showing that perfect enantioselectivity of the template was conserved. Successful domain shuffling created a chimeric amine DH with enhanced substrate specificity that allows to accommodate sterically very demanding side chains, such as adamantly groups. We will elucidate the impact of restricted libraries in the evolution towards higher activity and broader specificity. Many interesting substrates feature low solubility in aqueous solution. We describe how utilizing a two‐phase system can also lead to pinpointing broadened substrate specificity, as substrate candidates that were previously missed, can register as hits in the search.
Remotely powered intelligent splitter monitor for fiber access networks (2015)

We propose an intelligent splitter monitor based on a remote optical powering solution to detect the connectivity status of the customer premises equipment to the splitter ports within the optical distribution network.
Design and implementation of SIP network and client services (2005)

Session initiation protocol (SIP) is being widely adopted for VoIP, IM and other collaborative applications due to its simple yet rich functional design. However, one of the main drawbacks has been its per-application deployment (each application using its own SIP stack), leading to narrowly focused development of SIP based services. In this paper, we propose a client-side SIP service and supporting network infrastructure blocks that provide unified mechanisms to execute generic SIP functions. The composition of these building blocks allows for creating richer applications, e.g. a conferencing server coupled with a gaming server provides dynamic conferencing between current occupants of a game room. The main feature of our framework is its availability to all applications including the ones not inherently based on SIP. Also, the SIP service API is designed to be extensible and in addition to providing novel higher level functional primitives like adhoc conferencing and seamless transition of sessions, it also exports a low level interface for specialized applications. Another feature of the service is that it allows a user to plug-in an end device of his/her choice on a per-session basis. We demonstrate the richness of the API by describing prototypes for enhancing various applications as well as new converged applications.
Detection and identification of mycobacteria by amplification of mycobacterial DNA (1989)

A 383bp segment of the gene coding for the 65kD mycobacterial antigens from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, and Mycobacterium fortuitum was amplified using Taq polymerase and synthetic oligonucleotide primers and the amplified DNAs from four of these species were compared by nucleotide sequencing. Although the gene segments from these species showed considerable similarity, oligonucleotide probes which could distinguish M. tuberculosis/M. bovis, M. avium/M. paratuberculosis and M. fortuitum could be identified. Samples containing 10(6) human cells and serial dilutions of a suspension of intact mycobacteria were prepared, DNA was extracted, the segment of the mycobacterial DNA sequence amplified, and the amplified DNA hybridized with oligonucleotide probes. In two independent experiments, this procedure permitted the detection and identification of less than 100 mycobacteria in the original sample. These results suggest that this approach may prove useful in the early diagnosis of mycobacterial infection.
A low-power CMOS integrated circuit for field-powered radio frequency identification tags (2002)

Cheap, compact radio frequency identification (RFID) tags will make a wide range of new applications cost-effective. Minimum cost can be achieved only in a passive tag (that acquires operating power from the interrogating RF field). A compact tag form factor demands a small tag antenna, that in turn demands either external components or a high-frequency RF carrier for effective tag power delivery. While cost must be minimized, tag operating range for a fixed broadcast power may be maximized by the tag integrated circuit using as little current as possible.
An Online and Flexible Multi-object Tracking Framework Using Long Short-Term Memory (2018)

The capacity to model temporal dependency by Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) makes it a plausible selection for the multi-object tracking (MOT) problem. Due to the non-linear transformations and the unique memory mechanism, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) can consider a window of history when learning discriminative features, which suggests that the LSTM is suitable for state estimation of target objects as they move around. This paper focuses on association based MOT, and we propose a novel Siamese LSTM Network to interpret both temporal and spatial components nonlinearly by learning the feature of trajectories, and outputs the similarity score of two trajectories for data association. In addition, we also introduce an online metric learning scheme to update the state estimation of each trajectory dynamically. Experimental evaluation on MOT16 benchmark shows that the proposed method achieves competitive performance compared with other state-of-the-art works.
The Theory of a Piezoelectric Disc Gyroscope (1986)

The theory of a new type of vibratory rate gyroscope is considered. The design considered is based upon a disc of piezoelectric material on which are deposited drive and pick-off electrodes. The equations of motion of the disc are derived and the response of the gyroscope to constant and harmonic rates of turn determined.
.beta.-Lactam antibiotics derived from nitrogen hetrocyclic acetic acids. 1. Penicillin derivatives (1977)

In an attempt to synthesize antibacterial agents effective against gram-negative bacteria, penicillin derivatives were prepared from substituted and unsubstituted 1,4-dihyro-2-oxopyridine-1-acetic acids, 1,4-dihydro-4-oxopyridine-1-acetic acids, and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2,4-dioxopyrimidine-1-acetic acids. The unsubstituted derivatives displayed moderate activity against gram-negative bacteria; however, substitution (alkyl, chloro, nitro, acetyl, and cyano) on the heterocyclic ring of these acetic acids and (alkyl, phenyl) in the alpha position decreased the activity of the penicillin derivatives against gram-negative organisms.
Multi-radio heterogeneous networks: Architectures and performance (2014)

It is well-known that next generation (5G) wireless networks will need to provide orders of magnitude more capacity to address the predicted growth in mobile traffic demand, as well as support reliable connectivity for billions of diverse devices, which comprise the “Internet of Things.” While the industry is focused on a concerted effort to improve capacity of cellular networks, operators are increasingly using WiFi technology over un-licensed spectrum to relieve congestion in their networks. This paper argues that the trend towards integrated use of multiple radio access technologies (RATs) and networks, such as WiFi, will be essential for addressing the challenges faced by future 5G networks. In particular we expect that joint use of multiple RATs can yield beyond additive gains in user connectivity experience by exploiting the rich multi-dimensional diversity (e.g., spatial, temporal, frequency, load, etc.) available across multiple radio networks. We investigate such benefits through a case study on integrating WiFi with 3GPP heterogeneous networks. Our results show that intelligent integration of WiFi/3GPP radio networks can yield an additional 2–3x gains in system capacity and user quality of service, beyond what is achievable from independent use of both networks.