gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Solubility Enhancement of Budesonide and Statistical Optimization of Coating Variables for Targeted Drug Delivery (2014)

The purpose of the research was to present Budesonide (BUD) as a novel formulation showing improved aqueous solubility, which may decrease variability in C max⁡ and T max⁡ found in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, and drug targeting to colon. To improve aqueous solubility, solid dispersion (SD) of the BUD with poloxamer 188 was prepared by melting method. Physical characterization of solid dispersion was performed. The SD was used to prepare tablet equivalent to 9 mg of BUD. The tablet was coated with enteric polymers Eudragit S100 and Eudragit L100 to target colon. The ratio of polymers and percentage coating was optimized using statistical design. Variables studied in design were ratio of enteric polymers and the effect of percentage coating on in vitro drug release. Dissolution at different pH showed that drug release in colon could be modified by optimizing the ratio of polymers and percentage coating. The dissolution data showed that the percentage coating and ratio of polymers are very important to get lag time and optimum formulation. The optimized batch from statistical design was kept under accelerated condition for three months. After accelerated stability study, there was no significant change in the drug release.
A novel pro-lymphangiogenic function for Th17/IL-17 (2011)

Th17 cells, in addition to their proinflammatory functions, have been recognized as potent inducers of angiogenesis in autoimmune diseases and malignancies. In the present study, we demonstrate distinct mechanisms by which IL-17 induces lymphangiogenesis. Using the mouse cornea micropocket and cell culture assays, our data demonstrate that IL-17 directly promotes growth of lymphatic vessels by inducing increased expression of prolymphangiogenic VEGF-D and proliferation of lymphatic endothelial cells. However, IL-17-induced growth of blood vessels is primarily mediated through IL-1β secretion by IL-17-responsive cells. Furthermore, in vivo blockade of IL-17 in a preclinical model of Th17-dominant autoimmune ocular disease demonstrates a significant reduction in the corneal lymphangiogenesis and in the progression of clinical disease. Taken together, our findings demonstrate a novel prolymphangiogenic function for Th17/IL-17, indicating that IL-17 can promote the progression and amplification of immunity in part through its induction of lymphangiogenesis.
On Maximum-Likelihood Estimation of Clock Offset (2005)

Delay measurements from timing message exchanges between two clocks produce a maximum-likelihood estimator (MLE) of the clock offset when fixed delays in each direction are equal and unknown, and variable delays in each direction have an exponential distribution with an unknown mean. It is shown that the MLE corresponds to a previously proposed estimator of clock offset. The ML interpretation of the estimator provides further insight and motivation for its use.
Mems Mass Flow Controller for Liquid Fuel Supply to HCCI-Driven Engine (2019)

In this paper, a second generation MEMS mass flow controller (MFC) for liquid fuel delivery to a miniaturized homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine is presented. In contrast to the first generation MFC [1], it has a highly improved on/off-characteristic and fuel delivery range. This is achieved by a complete redesign of the valve cap and package, minimizing particles in the fuel outlet and package stress. Various fuels (and water) are calibrated, for instance, ethanol and water with maximum mass flow rates of 15 g/min and 20 g/min, respectively (at 100 kPa inlet pressure). The on/off-ratio with water is nearly 3300:1 (at 100 kPa inlet pressure). The maximum power consumption during continuous operation is 50 μW.
Trefoil Peptide Expression in Intestinal Adaptation and Renewal (1992)

There are many avenues where molecular biology is important in studying the gut, and here we explore methods for defining expression of a new gene family in the gut. We have defined the pattern of trefoil peptide gene expression in the ulceration-associated cell lineage (UACL) and in the nearby mucosa in Crohn's disease. In the UACL, human spasmolytic polypeptide mRNA and peptide are expressed in the acinar and proximal duct cells, whereas pS2 mRNA and peptide are found in the distal duct cells and in the surface cells. In adjacent mucosa, pS2 mRNA and protein are expressed ectopically by goblet cells. Ultrastructural immunolocalisation showed the pS2 to be co-packaged in the mucous cell granules. pS2 peptide was demonstrated in local neuroendocrine cells and was also co-packaged with the neuroendocrine granules. The crypts associated with the UACL also showed marked neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia. We have also cloned the newest trefoil peptide intestinal trefoil factor from human and rat intestinal mucosa and shown its co-expression with mucus by normal intestinal goblet cells. The co-packaging of the same secretory protein in both mucous and neuroendocrine granules, which have different functions, is unusual and indicates an important role for pS2 in the secretory process itself or as a ligand delivered to its receptor via multiple routes. We conclude that the trefoil peptides are widely distributed in the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease and are of considerable potential functional importance.
Terahertz Detection with Perfectly-Absorbing Photoconductive Metasurface (2019)

Terahertz (THz) photoconductive devices are used for generation, detection, and modulation of THz waves, and they rely on the ability to switch electrical conductivity on a subpicosecond time scale using optical pulses. However, fast and efficient conductivity switching with high contrast has been a challenge, because the majority of photoexcited charge carriers in the switch do not contribute to the photocurrent due to fast recombination. Here, we improve efficiency of electrical conductivity switching using a network of electrically connected nanoscale GaAs resonators, which form a perfectly absorbing photoconductive metasurface. We achieve perfect absorption without incorporating metallic elements, by breaking the symmetry of cubic Mie resonators. As a result, the metasurface can be switched between conductive and resistive states with extremely high contrast using an unprecedentedly low level of optical excitation. We integrate this metasurface with a THz antenna to produce an efficient photoconductive THz detector. The perfectly absorbing photoconductive metasurface opens paths for developing a wide range of efficient optoelectronic devices, where required optical and electronic properties are achieved through nanostructuring the resonator network.
PAQO: Preference-aware query optimization for decentralized database systems (2014)

The declarative nature of SQL has traditionally been a major strength. Users simply state what information they are interested in, and the database management system determines the best plan for retrieving it. A consequence of this model is that should a user ever want to specify some aspect of how their queries are evaluated (e.g., a preference to read data from a specific replica, or a requirement for all joins to be performed by a single server), they are unable to. This can leave database administrators shoehorning evaluation preferences into database cost models. Further, for distributed database users, it can result in query evaluation plans that violate data handling best practices or the privacy of the user. To address such issues, we have developed a framework for declarative, user-specified constraints on the query optimization process and implemented it within PosgreSQL. Our Preference-Aware Query Optimizer (PAQO) upholds both strict requirements and partially ordered preferences that are issued alongside of the queries that it processes. In this paper, we present the design of PAQO and thoroughly evaluate its performance.
Allozyme Variation of<i>Picea abies</i>in Poland (2002)

The aim of this study was to determine the levels and patterns of allozyme variation among 29 populations of Norway spruce [ Picea abies (L.) Karst.] from Poland. Thirteen investigated isoenzyme systems were encoded by 27 gene loci and, on average, 71% of the loci per population were polymorphic. The average and effective numbers of alleles per locus were 2.17 and 1.26, respectively, while the expected heterozygosity was 0.156. A relatively low allozyme differentiation among populations from north-eastern and southern Poland was observed ( F ST = 0.028, mean genetic distance D = 0.005). The results suggest that historical events and extensive gene flow played an important role in the distribution of the observed allozyme differentiation of Norway spruce in Poland. Keywords: DifferentiationGenetic DistanceGeneticVariationIsoenzymeNorway Spruce
Strategies for the Synthesis and Screening of Glycoconjugates. 2. Covalent Immobilization for Flow Cytometry (1995)

Glycosylamines are readily available carbohydrate derivatives that undergo acylation reactions with homobifunctional N-hydroxysuccinimidyl esters. The product glycosylamides carry a spacer group equipped with one active ester functionality. This route provides well-defined glycoconjugates, which may be cross-linked to various amino-functionalized resins. Carbohydrate recognition of the resulting sugar-bead conjugates is probed by lectin immunostaining or flow cytometry using a fluorescently labeled lectin.
ACTION (1996)

An important step in building up the document database of a full-text retrieval system is to classify each document under one or more classes according to the topical domains that the document discusses. This is commonly referred to as classification. Automatic classification attempts to replace human classifiers by using computers to automate this process. Automatic classification has two major components: (1) the classification scheme which defines the available classes under which a document can be classified and their inter-relationships; and (2) the classification algorithm which defines the rules and procedures for assigning one or more classes defined in the classification scheme to a document.In this paper, we present an automatic classification approach called ACTION. The design goal of ACTION is to achieve the appropriate balance between specificity and exhaustivity, which are important metrics for assessing an automatic classification approach. The key idea of ACTION is a scheme for measuring the significance of each keyword in a given document. The scheme not only takes into account the occurrence frequency of a keyword, but also the logical relationships between the available classes.
Uncertainty in preference elicitation and aggregation (2007)

Uncertainty arises in preference aggregation in several ways. There may, for example, be uncertainty in the votes or the voting rule. Such uncertainty can introduce computational complexity in determining which candidate or candidates can or must win the election. In this paper, we survey recent work in this area and give some new results. We argue, for exam-ple, that the set of possible winners can be computationally harder to compute than the necessary winner. As a second ex-ample, we show that, even if the unknown votes are assumed to be single-peaked, it remains computationally hard to com-pute the possible and necessary winners, or to manipulate the election.
Boosting SVM classifiers by ensemble (2005)

By far, the support vector machines (SVM) achieve the state-of-the-art performance for the text classification (TC) tasks. Due to the complexity of the TC problems, it becomes a challenge to systematically develop classifiers with better performance. We try to attack this problem by ensemble methods, which are often used for boosting weak classifiers, such as decision tree, neural networks, etc., and whether they are effective for strong classifiers is not clear.
Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality Among Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients in a Large Health Care System (2001)

Zhang, Huiling. Predictors of In-hospital Mortality Among Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients in a Large Health Care System. Master of Public Health, July 2000, 29 pp., 4 tables, 29 references. Background---There is increasing interest in the identification of risk predictors for in-hospital mortality due to acute myocardial infarction (AMI). To date, there has been no AMI in-hospital mortality prediction models developed using clinical database. Methods and Results---The study population consists of 4,167 AMI cases admitted to 36 hospitals in 3 states. Thirty variables were selected as candidate predictors, and 19 showed significant bivariate association with AMI in-hospital mortality. By applying multiple logistic regression and stepwise selection, 10 variables were selected for inclusion in the final prediction model: age, arrive from cardiac rehabilitation center, CPR on arrival, Killip class, AMI with comorbidities, AMI with complications, PCTA performed, beta-blockers given, ACE inhibitors given, Plavix given. Conclusion---A ten-variable in-hospital mortality prediction model for AMI patients, which includes both risk factors and beneficial treatment procedures, was developed. Chi-square goodness of fit test suggested a very good fit for the model.
A Mild and Efficient Bisaldolizationof Ketones and its Application towards Spirocyclic 1,3-Dioxanesand Novel 1,3,5-Trioxocanes (2009)

Bisaldolization of aryl alkyl ketones as well as cyclic ­ketones with paraformaldehyde in the presence of a catalytic amount of l-proline and low concentration of aqueous sodium ­hydroxide has been developed in excellent yields. Further, these bisaldols are elaborated to the corresponding spirocyclic dioxanes and novel spirocyclic trioxocanes in the presence of p-toluene sulfonic acid. The structures and preferred conformations of these eight-membered spirocyclic 1,3,5-trioxocanes are discussed.
Nanostructure shape effects on response of plasmonic aptamer sensors (2013)

A localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensor surface was fabricated by the deposition of gold nanorods on a glass substrate and subsequent immobilization of the DNA aptamer, which specifically bind to thrombin. This LSPR aptamer sensor showed a response of 6-nm λ(max) shift for protein binding with the detection limit of at least 10 pM, indicating one of the highest sensitivities achieved for thrombin detection by optical extinction LSPR. We also tested the LSPR sensor fabricated using gold bipyramid, which showed higher refractive index sensitivity than the gold nanorods, but the overall response of gold bipyramid sensor appears to be 25% less than that of the gold nanorod substrate, despite the approximately twofold higher refractive index sensitivity. XPS analysis showed that this is due to the low surface density of aptamers on the gold bipyramid compared with gold nanorods. The low surface density of the aptamers on the gold bipyramid surface may be due to the effect of shape of the nanostructure on the kinetics of aptamer monolayer formation. The small size of aptamers relative to other bioreceptors is the key to achieving high sensitivity by biosensors on the basis of LSPR, demonstrated here for protein binding. The generality of aptamer sensors for protein detection using gold nanorod and gold nanobipyramid substrates is anticipated to have a large impact in the important development of sensors toward biomarkers, environmental toxins, and warfare agents.
Platinum(<scp>II</scp>) catalysed selective remote oxidation of unactivated C–H bonds in aliphatic carboxylic acids (1991)

Platinum(II) ion, in the presence of platinum(IV), is found to catalyse the hydroxylation of unactivated C–H bonds of aliphatic carboxylic acids in water with the following order of reactivity: α-C–H << β-C–H < γ-C–H δ-C–H ≈Îµ-C–H.
Identification and functional characterization of a gene for the methanol : N,N'-dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline oxidoreductase from Mycobacterium sp. strain JC1 (DSM 3803) (2009)

Mycobacterium sp. strain JC1 is able to grow on methanol as a sole source of carbon and energy using methanol : N,N'-dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline oxidoreductase (MDO) as a key enzyme for primary methanol oxidation. Purified MDO oxidizes ethanol and formaldehyde as well as methanol. The Mycobacterium sp. strain JC1 gene for MDO (mdo) was cloned, sequenced, and determined to have an open reading frame of 1272 bp. Northern blot and promoter analysis revealed that mdo transcription was induced in cells grown in the presence of methanol. Northern blotting together with RT-PCR also showed that the mdo gene was transcribed as monocistronic mRNA. Primer extension analysis revealed that the transcriptional start site of the mdo gene is located 21 bp upstream of the mdo start codon. An mdo-deficient mutant of Mycobacterium sp. strain JC1 did not grow with methanol as a sole source of carbon and energy.
Dofetilide, A Novel Class III Antiarrhythmic Agent (1992)

Dofetilide is a potent and selective class III antiarrhythmic agent that is under development for the treatment of re-entrant tachyarrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation, atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter, and paraoxysmal supraventricular tachycardia). In animal studies, dofetilide selectively inhibits the rapid component of the time-dependent outward potassium current (IKr) and therefore increases the effective refractory period and action potential duration without affecting the fast inward sodium current. Studies in dogs have shown that dofetilide (a) prolongs the effective refractory period in a dose-dependent manner, (b) elevates ventricular fibrillation threshold, (c) facilitates conversion of electrically induced ventricular fibrillation or fibrilloflutter to sinus rhythm, (d) does not influence conduction within the His-Purkinje system or within the myocardium, (e) does not impair cardiac contractility, and (f) reduces dispersion of ventricular repolarization. Dofetilide has been administered to healthy volunteers as well as to patients with ischemic heart disease or with supraventricular arrhythmias; the compound has generally been well tolerated. Side effects have occasionally been reported, but have generally been transient and mild and occur in placebo-treated subjects as well. No clinically significant changes in laboratory safety tests have been detected. The pharmacokinetic profile of dofetilide both in healthy volunteers and patients includes a linear dose-plasma concentration relationship and also a linear plasma concentration-QTc relationship. The terminal plasma elimination half-life is approximately 9-10 h and systemic bioavailability in the region of 100%. The elimination pattern is balanced, with 50% being excreted unchanged via the kidney, the remaining 50% being metabolized in the liver to inactive metabolites, with greater than 90% of circulating drug-related material being unchanged dofetilide. After intravenous administration of the compound, a slight hysteresis in the plasma drug level-QTc relationship has been detected. Pharmacodynamic data demonstrate dose- and concentration-dependent effects on myocardial repolarization as evidenced by prolongations of the QTc interval. This is reflected in significant prolongations in the effective and functional refractory periods and monophasic action potential duration throughout the myocardium. No effects on sinus node function, conduction parameters, or cardiac contractility have been detected in any of the clinical studies, supporting the contention that dofetilide is a highly selective class III antiarrhythmic agent.
Cogeneration—The Small Facility Perspective in Minnesota (1985)

It was only after the skyrocketing fuel prices of the 1970's began to cut into profits that industry began to investigate the virtues of conservation and cogeneration.
Nonlinear oscillations of bubbles in compressible hydraulic oils (1980)

The nonlinear oscillation of a bubble in compressible hydraulic oils subject to periodic pulsating pressure was theoretically analyzed. According to the numerical calculations, the effect of compressibility of liquid on the oscillation of a bubble were clarified. That is, (1) the effect of compressibility is appreciable where the amplitude is large; (2) when compressibility is considered, the pressure threshold increases; (3) in the subharmonic of order 1/2, the effect of compressibility on the pressure threshold is almost constant over a wide range of initial bubble radius R0; (4) the effect of compressibility on the relation between ω/ω0 (a ratio of the circular frequencies of pulsating pressure and a bubble) and pressure threshold of the subharmonics 1/2 and 1/3 is almost constant covering the wide range of ω/ω0.
Anionic ring-opening polymerization of 1,1,3-trimethyl-1-silacyclopent-3-ene. Effect of temperature on poly(1,1,3-trimethyl-1-sila-cis-pent-3-ene) microstructure (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnionic ring-opening polymerization of 1,1,3-trimethyl-1-silacyclopent-3-ene. Effect of temperature on poly(1,1,3-trimethyl-1-sila-cis-pent-3-ene) microstructureYoung Tae Park, Georges Manuel, and William P. WeberCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 7, 1911–1915Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00209a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00209a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views31Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reliable Computing Service in Massive-Scale Systems through Rapid Low-Cost Failover (2016)

Large-scale distributed systems deployed as Cloud datacenters are capable of provisioning service to consumers with diverse business requirements. Providers face pressure to provision uninterrupted reliable services while reducing operational costs due to significant software and hardware failures. A widely adopted means to achieve such a goal is using redundant system components to implement user-transparent failover, yet its effectiveness must be balanced carefully without incurring heavy overhead when deployed—an important practical consideration for complex large-scale systems. Failover techniques developed for Cloud systems often suffer serious limitations, including mandatory restart leading to poor cost-effectiveness, as well as solely focusing on crash failures, omitting other important types, such as timing failures and simultaneous failures. This paper addresses these limitations by presenting a new approach to user-transparent failover for massive-scale systems. The approach uses soft-state inference to achieve rapid failure recovery and avoid unnecessary restart, with minimal system resource overhead. It also copes with different failures, including correlated and simultaneous events. The proposed approach was implemented, deployed and evaluated within Fuxi system, the underlying resource management system used within Alibaba Cloud. Results demonstrate that our approach tolerates complex failure scenarios while incurring at worst 228.5 microsecond instance overhead with 1.71 percent additional CPU usage.