gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A relationship between pharmacokinetics (PK) and the efficacy of infliximab for patients with rheumatoid arthritis: characterization of infliximab-resistant cases and PK-based modified therapy (2007)

Infliximab, a chimeric anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) monoclonal antibody, has been recognized as significantly improving the course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA); however, a subset of patients shows poor responses. To understand the mechanism underlying such unresponsiveness, I examined the clinical pharmacokinetics (PK) of infliximab, using time-serum concentration profiles obtained from 21 RA patients who had received infliximab therapy in combination with methotrexate (MTX). At week 14 of therapy, 15 cases achieved good or moderate responses in the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) criteria, and 3 cases resulted in nonresponders. The others discontinued therapy because of severe adverse effects or aggravation of disease activities. The means of distribution volume and elimination half-life (t (1/2)) during the first 2 weeks were 0.05 l/kg and 9.5 days, respectively. Through 14 weeks, most good and moderate responders maintained serum concentrations of more than 1 microg/ml, even immediately before the next infusions. Only 3 cases among good or moderate responders showed undetectable levels of trough serum concentration at week 14. In contrast, the PK profiles of all nonresponders except one showed rapid clearance during therapy. These data support the idea that the rapid clearance of infliximab is the main cause of poor therapeutic responses. I also found that the t (1/2) during the first 2 weeks is inversely correlated to the disease activity scores for 28 joints at the start of treatment, suggesting that TNF-alpha levels may determine the disease activity of RA. For patients who showed a rapid clearance of infliximab, the increased use of prednisone or MTX was beneficial to achieve sufficient clinical responses. The addition of tacrolimus was effective to improve the clinical outcomes of nonresponders. Thus PK data apparently offer guidance when modified treatment for infliximab-resistant RA patients is being considered.
EFFECT OF ORALLY ADMINISTERED ANTITHYROID THIOUREYLENES ON PCNA AND P53 EXPRESSION IN PSORIATIC LESIONS (1995)

Since PCNA is a marker of cellular proliferation and p53 inhibits cellular cycling, some of the beneficial effects of PTU and MMI in psoriasis may depend on the ability of the drugs to impair cellular turnover, perhaps by binding to the triiodothyronine (T3) receptor. These effects may be in addition to the previously described effects of PTU and MMI as immune modulators and free radical scavengers.
Fast Hybrid Transform (2011)

In this paper, we address a new fast DCT-ⅡDFT/HWT hybrid transform architecture for digital video and fusion mobile handsets based on Jacket-like sparse matrix decomposition. This fast hybrid architecture is consist of source coding standard as MPEG-4, JPEG 2000 and digital filtering discrete Fourier transform, and has two operations: one is block-wise inverse Jacket matrix (BIJM) for DCT-Ⅱ, and the other is element-wise inverse Jacket matrix (EIJM) for DFT/HWT. They have similar recursive computational fashion, which mean all of them can be decomposed to Kronecker products of an identity Hadamard matrix and a successively lower order sparse matrix. Based on this trait, we can develop a single chip of fast hybrid algorithm architecture for intelligent mobile handsets.
pH and conductivity control in an integrated biomanufacturing plant (2016)

This paper designs pH and conductivity control systems for a biomanufacturing platform that specializes in the production of biologically derived medicines on demand. Dynamic models and control strategies are presented for a buffer mixing unit that must produce high quality buffers for use within various production steps including a perfusion bioreactor and chromatography separation train. As salt addition does not affect the pH of the buffer, we separate the conductivity and pH control problems. The buffer conductivity is controlled using a PID controller tuned for robustness. The reaction-invariant method is used to overcome inherent nonlinearities in the titration curve such that good closed-loop performance can be obtained for any pH setpoint. Maximum a posteriori estimation is used to estimate parameters online in order to adapt the model in the presence of plant-model mismatch. Lastly, a dual mixer system is proposed to accurately estimate any bias in the inlet flowrates, which is a common fault in these types of systems. The effectiveness of this control strategy is demonstrated in a relevant case study.
Fhit Modulates the DNA Damage Checkpoint Response (2006)

In preneoplastic lesions, the DNA damage checkpoint is induced and loss of heterozygosity at the FRA3B/FHIT common chromosome fragile region precedes or is coincident with activation of the checkpoint response in these early stages. Introduction of exogenous Fhit into cells in vitro led to modulation of expression of checkpoint proteins Hus1 and Chk1 at mid-S checkpoint, a modulation that led to induction of apoptosis in esophageal cancer cells but not in noncancerous primary cultures. Mutation of the conserved Fhit tyrosine 114 resulted in failure of this function, confirming the importance of this residue. The results suggest that the DNA damage-susceptible FRA3B/FHIT chromosome fragile region, paradoxically, encodes a protein that is necessary for protecting cells from accumulation of DNA damage through its role in modulation of checkpoint proteins, and inactivation of Fhit contributes to accumulation of abnormal checkpoint phenotypes in cancer development.
Synthetic lethality of a cell-penetrating anti-RAD51 antibody in PTEN-deficient melanoma and glioma cells (2019)

PTEN is a tumor suppressor that is highly mutated in a variety of human cancers. Recent studies have suggested a link between PTEN loss and deficiency in the non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathway of DNA double strand break (DSB) repair. As a means to achieve synthetic lethality in this context, we tested the effect of 3E10, a cell-penetrating autoantibody that inhibits RAD51, a key factor in the alternative pathway of DSB repair, homology dependent repair (HDR). We report here that treatment of PTEN-deficient glioma cells with 3E10 leads to an accumulation of DNA damage causing decreased proliferation and increased cell death compared to isogenic PTEN proficient controls. Similarly, 3E10 was synthetically lethal to a series of PTEN-deficient, patient-derived primary melanoma cell populations. Further, 3E10 was found to synergize with a small molecule inhibitor of the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) protein, a DNA damage checkpoint kinase, in both PTEN-deficient glioma cells and primary melanoma cells. These results point to a targeted synthetic lethal strategy to treat PTEN-deficient cancers through a combination designed to disrupt both DNA repair and DNA damage checkpoint signaling.
Air stable hybrid organic-inorganic light emitting diodes using ZnO as the cathode (2007)

An air stable hybrid organic-inorganic light emitting device is presented. This architecture makes use of metal oxides as charge injecting materials into the light emitting polymer, avoiding the use of air sensitive cathodes commonly employed in organic light emitting diode manufacturing. We report the application of zinc oxide as a cathode in an organic light emitting device. This electroluminescent device shows high brightness levels reaching 6500cd∕m2 at voltages as low as 8V. Compared to a conventional device using low workfunction metal cathodes, our device shows a lower turn-on voltage and it can operate in air.
Crystallization of amorphous Ti-Si alloy thin films: Microstructure and resistivity (1989)

Cosputtered amorphous thin films consisting of Ti and Si were crystallized to the C49 TiSi2 phase at temperatures of about 390 °C. Prolonged annealing of the crystalline C49 TiSi2 phase at higher temperatures resulted in a gradual decrease in resistivity. We investigated the changes in microstructure which were associated with this slow decrease of the resistivity of the C49 phase. In situ resistivity and Hall-effect measurements, electron microscopy, and x-ray diffraction were used. It was demonstrated that the slow decrease in resistivity of the crystalline C49 phase was associated with a decreasing stacking fault density (typically 2×106 cm−1) and a decreasing density of point defects. The presence of point defects was found to be related to stoichiometry deviations. Polymorphous crystallization of a slightly Si-rich sample was found to result in a supersaturated solid solution of Si in C49 TiSi2. It was proposed that the phase field of the C49 phase is significantly wider than that of the equilibrium C54 phase. The reproducably low resistivity of the C54 TiSi2 polytype was due to the elimination of practically all stacking faults and point defects.
Effects of Thioether Substituents on the O<sub>2</sub> Reactivity of β-Diketiminate−Cu(I) Complexes:  Probing the Role of the Methionine Ligand in Copper Monooxygenases (2006)

The activation of dioxygen by dopamine beta-monooxygenase (DbetaM) and peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase (PHM) is postulated to occur at a copper site ligated by two histidine imidazoles and a methionine thioether, which is unusual because such thioether ligation is not present in other O2-activating copper proteins. To assess the possible role of the thioether ligand in O2 activation by DbetaM and PHM, two new ligands comprising beta-diketiminates with thioether substituents were synthesized and Cu(I) and Cu(II) complexes were isolated. The Cu(II) compounds are monomeric and exhibit intramolecular thioether coordination. While the Cu(I) complexes exhibit a multinuclear topology in the solid state, variable-temperature 1H NMR studies implicate equilibria in solution, possibly including monomers with intramolecular thioether coordination that are structurally defined by DFT calculations. Low-temperature oxygenation of solutions of the Cu(I) complexes generates stable 1:1 Cu/O2 adducts, which on the basis of combined experimental and theoretical studies adopt side-on "eta(2)" structures with negligible Cu-thioether bonding and significant peroxo-Cu(III) character. In contrast to previously reported findings with related ligands lacking the thioether group, however (cf., Aboelella; et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 16896), purging the solutions of the thioether-containing adducts with argon results in conversion to bis(mu-oxo)dicopper(III) species. A role for the thioether in promoting loss of O2 from the 1:1 Cu/O2 adduct and facilitating trapping of the resulting Cu(I) complex to yield the bis(mu-oxo) species is proposed, and the possible relevance of this role to that of the methionine in the active sites of DbetaM and PHM is discussed.
Particle deposition and removal in wet cleaning processes for ULSI manufacturing (1992)

Particle deposition on wafer surfaces in solutions can be described by the well-documented principles of colloid science. Particle concentration, solution pH, and ionic strength in solutions are all important factors which determine the number of particles which deposit on wafer surfaces immersed in liquids. maximum particle deposition is observed in high ionic strength acidic solutions and is reduced as solution pH increase. Particle removal efficiencies in various solutions were also investigated; NH/sub 4/OH-H/sub 2/O/sub 2/-H/sub 2/O solutions were optimized in NH/sub 4/OH content around the ratio of 0.05:1.15 (0.05 part NH/sub 4/OH, 1 part H/sub 2/O/sub 2/, 5 parts H/sub 2/O). Wafer damage as measured by surface micro-roughness was not increased during NH/sub 4/OH-H/sub 2/O/sub 2/-H/sub 2/O treatment using this ratio.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<i>T. cruzi</i>: sensitization to macrophage killing by eosinophil peroxidase. (1982)

In this study, we report that trypomastigotes of T. cruzi coated with eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) become sensitized to killing by normal macrophages that are unable to kill uncoated organisms. EPO bound to the surface of the organisms without affecting their extracellular viability. The intracellular killing of EPO-coated trypomastigotes could be inhibited by catalase and azide, suggesting that toxicity was mediated through the small amounts of hydrogen peroxide generated by the phagocytic event in normal macrophages and the peroxidatic activity of EPO. EPO-coated organisms could be killed in a cellfree system by the addition of H2O2 and either iodide, bromide, or chloride. Omission of H2O2 decreased but did not prevent the killing of trypanosomes by the cellfree system and this residual toxicity was abolished by catalase. This suggests that H2O2 generated by trypanosomes contributes to the death of EPO-coated organisms. EPO-coated organisms could also be killed extracellularly when exposed to normal macrophages at high parasite to cell ratios or when a high phagocytic load of another particle was given simultaneously. This effect could be inhibited by both azide and catalase, but not by superoxide dismutase. This suggests that enough H202 is released by phagocytosis of a high number of organisms to generate toxic concentrations of H2O2 outside the confines of the vacuolar system.
Electrochemical detection of hepatitis C virus based on site-specific DNA cleavage of BamHI endonuclease (2009)

We have developed a new electrochemical approach for qualitative and quantitative detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) based on the site-specific DNA cleavage of BamHI endonuclease.
The use of a power analysis for influencing PIN verification on cryptographic smart card (2007)

Thesis is concerned with problematic of cryptographic smart cards (especially the ones based on the Java Card operating system). A power analysis of PIN verification and security of this operation against cutting off power supply attack is described.
Graphical password: User’s affinity of choice — an analysis of picture attributes selection (2008)

This paper will provide an analysis of a survey on picture attributes based on userpsilas affinity of choice. There are four picture attributes evaluated, which are picture size, picture presentation, picture colour and picture category. The objective of this survey is to collect and analyze the affinity of choice as selected by the users. There are 63 respondents involved in this survey. The respondents are from the Faculty of Computer Science and Information Systems (FSKSM) of University of Technology Malaysia, including staff members, undergraduate and postgraduate students. The sample involved 27 males and 36 females, with ages ranging from 18 to 30 years. All the respondents are frequent users of personal computers (PCs). The picture attributes information will be analyzed and selected information will be embedded into our graphical password scheme.
An analytical approach to providing controllable differentiated quality of service in Web servers (2005)

Provisioning quality of service (QoS) in Web servers has gained immense importance because Web servers are a major part of the Internet. To deliver the pledged QoS, Web service providers need control over the allocation of the resources in their Web servers. Control is also necessary for reaching the optimal resource allocation through proper service differentiation. In this paper, we propose and investigate an analytic approach that enables the service providers to deploy a differentiated service policy that offers this control. The proposed service policy is configurable by tunable control parameters. We devise the relationships between the performance measures and these parameters by adopting a unique queuing theoretic approach. Once these relationships are established, we describe how these parameters can be set to their most appropriate values depending on the objectives of the service providers. We illustrate the usefulness of our approach by conducting the analysis on a real Web trace.
A membrane-bound protein phosphatase type 2C from Paramecium tetraurelia. Purification, characterization, and cloning (1994)

We isolated the first membrane-bound type 2C serine/threonine protein phosphatase from the ciliated protozoan Paramecium tetraurelia (PtPP2C). Three isozymes of 33, 32, and 31 kDa with a specific activity of 1 mumol.min-1.mg1 were purified from the ciliary membrane. All enzymatic properties including (a) insensitivity toward inhibitors of other protein phosphatase families such as okadaic acid and microcystin, (b) absolute requirement for divalent cations, and (c) substrate specificity tested with synthetic phosphopeptides were identical to mammalian PP2C enzymes and identified the PtPP2C as a canonical PP2C in spite of it being about 25% smaller. The NH2-terminal was blocked. Microsequencing of six tryptic peptides established a relationship to other PP2C enzymes. The PtPP2C gene was obtained using degenerate oligonucleotide primers and the polymerase chain reaction. The gene coded for a 33-kDa protein with 300 amino acids and had an (A+T) content of 62%, typical for this protozoan. Nine of 15 Gln residues are encoded by TAA, a universal stop codon which codes for Gln in Paramecium. A large truncation at the COOH-terminal is responsible for the smaller size of the PtPP2C. Only a single transcript of 1 kilobase was detected with a Northern blot indicating that the 32- and 31-kDa proteins were proteolytic products of the 33-kDa enzyme. Sequence comparisons with PP2C enzymes from rat, rabbit, yeast, Arabidopsis, and Leishmania defined a highly diverged enzyme family which shares three conserved domains, I, II, and III, accounting for about 25% of the primary structure. We demonstrated further that the distances between domains I/II and II/III are very similar in all PP2C enzymes (9-13 and 74-80 amino acids, respectively). However, the amino acid sequences of the spacer regions are unrelated. In addition, the COOH-terminal ends of 100-200 amino acids which comprise 30-50% of the enzyme, display no identity. A dendrogramm shows that PtPP2C surprisingly is most closely related to the mammalian PP2C, and enzymes from Leishmania, Arabidopsis, and yeast are more distant relatives.
A simple alternative for storage allocation in high-level synthesis (2002)

A recent trend in high-level synthesis is to introduce special structure memory elements as an alternative to RAMs which suffer from address generation and decoding overhead. In this paper, an alternative, called sequential FIFO memory (SFM) is investigated. The problem of allocating variables to SFMs is studied thoroughly including the theoretical background, mapping algorithms and experiments. Moreover, the combinatorial optimization problems related to SFMs were found to be tractable in contrast to those of previous non-RAM alternatives.
Effect of nitrogen plasma treatment at the Al2O3/Fe interface in magnetic tunnel junction (2003)

We investigated the effects of nitrogen plasma treatment on top surface of Fe pinned layer for short times (tex=0, 10, 30, and 60 s) in magnetic tunnel junctions and annealing of the junctions. The nitrogen-treated junctions show much reduced magnetoresistance (MR) ratio and significantly lower resistance-area (RA) products compared with the untreated junction, i.e., MR≈3%, RA≈30 kΩ μm2 for tex=10 s and MR≈10%, RA≈60 kΩ μm2 for tex=0 s. The untreated junction showed enhanced MR ratio up to about 17% and higher RA (≈70 kΩ μm2) upon thermal annealing at Ta=230 °C, as expected. For the nitrogen-treated junctions, while the MR ratio also increases up to about 16% upon annealing at Ta=230 °C, which is almost the same value as the one of the optimal reference junction, the RA values of the annealed junctions still keep as low as their initial values. We believe that the redistribution of nitrogen during the annealing process is responsible for the change of properties of nitrogen-treated junction. The bias dependence of MR and the estimation of effective barrier height and thickness are studied and found to be consistent with the observed changes in nitrogen-treated junctions.
Substance P: An Immunohistochemical and Biochemical Study in Human Gingival Tissues. A Role for Neurogenic Inflammation? (1994)

Substance P has been studied in relation to its distribution within gingival tissues as well as its effect on cultured human gingival fibroblasts. The tissue distribution was varied depending on the degree of inflammation present. In healthy tissues substance P was found in the connective tissues interspersed between the collagenous elements and was particularly prominent in the areas immediately subjacent to the epithelial rete pegs. In inflamed tissues, substance P was markedly increased particularly around the blood vessels as well as in close association with much of the inflammatory cell infiltrate. The effect of substance P on human gingival fibroblast proliferation was monitored by [3H]-thymidine incorporation and indicated substance P to be mitogenic for these cells at low concentrations (1 x 10(-9) M) and tended towards an inhibitory effect at higher concentrations (1 x 10(-4) M). Substance P did not have any effect on the release of either total proteins or proteoglycans into the culture medium. However, exposure of the cells to substance P did cause a greater accumulation of both total protein and proteoglycan with the cell layer material. These findings suggest a potential role for substance P on gingival tissues and in particular their resident fibroblastic cells and can therefore be used as a basis for more detailed studies into the relationship between neuropeptide release associated with neurogenic inflammation and periodontal pathology.
Plasma‐deposited tetraglyme surfaces greatly reduce total blood protein adsorption, contact activation, platelet adhesion, platelet procoagulant activity, and <i>in vitro</i> thrombus deposition (2007)

The ability of tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (tetraglyme) plasma deposited coatings exhibiting ultralow fibrinogen adsorption to reduce blood activation was studied with six in vitro methods, namely fibrinogen and von Willebrand's factor adsorption, total protein adsorption, clotting time in recalcified plasma, platelet adhesion and procoagulant activity, and whole blood thrombosis in a disturbed flow catheter model. Surface plasmon resonance results showed that tetraglyme surfaces strongly resisted the adsorption of all proteins from human plasma. The clotting time in the presence of tetraglyme surfaces was lengthened compared with controls, indicating a lower activation of the intrinsic coagulation cascade. Platelet adhesion and thrombin generation by adherent platelets were greatly reduced on tetraglyme-coated materials, compared with uncoated and Biospan-coated glass slides. In the in vitro disturbed blood flow model, tetraglyme plasma coated catheters had 50% less thrombus than did the uncoated catheters. Tetraglyme-coated materials thus had greatly reduced blood interactions as measured with all six methods. The improved blood compatibility of plasma-deposited tetraglyme is thus not only due to their reduced platelet adhesion and activation, but also to a generalized reduction in blood interactions.