gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
QoS based aggregation in high speed IEEE802.11 wireless networks (2016)

We propose a novel frame aggregation algorithm with statistical delay guarantee for high speed IEEE802.11 networks considering link quality fluctuations. We use the concept of effective capacity to formulate frame aggregation with QoS guarantee as an optimization problem. The QoS guarantee is in the form of a target delay bound and violation probability. We apply proper approximations to derive a simple formulation, which is solved using a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller. The proposed PID aggregation algorithm independently adapts the amount of time allowance for each link, while it needs to be implemented only at the Access Point (AP), without requiring any change to the 802.11 Medium Access Control (MAC). More importantly, the aggregator does not consider any physical layer or channel information, as it only makes use of queue level metrics, such as average queue length and link utilization, for tuning the amount of time allowance. NS-3 simulations show that our proposed scheme outperforms Earliest Deadline First (EDF) scheduling with maximum aggregation size and pure deadline-based aggregation, both in terms of maximum number of stations and channel efficiency.
Deletion of the Cel48S cellulase from <i>Clostridium thermocellum</i> (2010)

Clostridium thermocellum is a thermophilic anaerobic bacterium that rapidly solubilizes cellulose with the aid of a multienzyme cellulosome complex. Creation of knockout mutants for Cel48S (also known as CelS, S(S), and S8), the most abundant cellulosome subunit, was undertaken to gain insight into its role in enzymatic and microbial cellulose solubilization. Cultures of the Cel48S deletion mutant (S mutant) were able to completely solubilize 10 g/L crystalline cellulose. The cellulose hydrolysis rate of the S mutant strain was 60% lower than the parent strain, with the S mutant strain also exhibiting a 40% reduction in cell yield. The cellulosome produced by the S mutant strain was purified by affinity digestion, characterized enzymatically, and found to have a 35% lower specific activity on Avicel. The composition of the purified cellulosome was analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry with APEX quantification and no significant changes in abundance were observed in any of the major (>1% of cellulosomal protein) enzymatic subunits. Although most cellulolytic bacteria have one family 48 cellulase, C. thermocellum has two, Cel48S and Cel48Y. Cellulose solubilization by a Cel48S and Cel48Y double knockout was essentially the same as that of the Cel48S single knockout. Our results indicate that solubilization of crystalline cellulose by C. thermocellum can proceed to completion without expression of a family 48 cellulase.
A unified averaging technique for the modeling of quasi-resonant converters (1998)

A unified averaging technique, here called the generalized state-space averaging (GSSA) technique, for the analysis of a class of periodically switched networks is proposed in the present paper. The basic assumption of GSSA is that the switching frequency must be much higher than the highest natural frequency of the networks, while the input variables can be bounded fast time-varying functions. It is shown in this paper that the GSSA approach generalizes the idea of the averaging technique to overcome the limitations of the conventional state-space averaging method, which prevents us from applying it to quasi-resonant converters (QRCs). The application of GSSA to the analysis of QRCs has been illustrated via examples of the zero-current switching QRC buck converter and zero-voltage switching QRC boost converter. Its accuracy has been verified by numerical simulation and experimental results.
On-the-fly Table Generation (2018)

Many information needs revolve around entities, which would be better answered by summarizing results in a tabular format, rather than presenting them as a ranked list. Unlike previous work, which is limited to retrieving existing tables, we aim to answer queries by automatically compiling a table in response to a query. We introduce and address the task of on-the-fly table generation: given a query, generate a relational table that contains relevant entities (as rows) along with their key properties (as columns). This problem is decomposed into three specific subtasks: (i) core column entity ranking, (ii) schema determination, and (iii) value lookup. We employ a feature-based approach for entity ranking and schema determination, combining deep semantic features with task-specific signals. We further show that these two subtasks are not independent of each other and can assist each other in an iterative manner. For value lookup, we combine information from existing tables and a knowledge base. Using two sets of entity-oriented queries, we evaluate our approach both on the component level and on the end-to-end table generation task.
Development of anti-CD47 single-chain Variable Fragment Targeted Magnetic Nanoparticles for Treatment of Human Bladder Cancer (2017)

The anti-CD47 scFv-MNP conjugate was an effective cancer cell thermotherapy tool that might pave the way for development of bionano-based targeting techniques in both early detection and treatment of cancer.
Tile size selection revisited (2013)

Loop tiling is a widely used loop transformation to enhance data locality and allow data reuse. In the tiled code, however, tiles of different sizes can lead to significant variation in performance. Thus, selection of an optimal tile size is critical to performance of tiled codes. In the past, tile size selection has been attempted using both static analytical and dynamic empirical (auto-tuning) models. Past work using static models assumed a direct-mapped cache for the purpose of analysis and thus proved to be less robust. On the other hand, the auto-tuning models involve an exhaustive search in a large space of tiled codes. In this article, we propose a new analytical model for tile size selection that leverages the high set associativity in modern caches to minimize conflict misses. Our tile size selection model targets data reuse in multiple levels of cache. In addition, it considers the interaction of tiling with the SIMD unit in modern processors in estimating the optimal tile size. We find that these factors, not considered in previous models, are critical in developing a robust model for tile size selection. We implement our tile size selection model in a polyhedral compiler and test it on 12 benchmark kernels using two different problem sizes. Our model outperforms the previous analytical models that are based on reusing data in a single level of cache and achieves an average performance improvement of 9.7% and 20.4%, respectively, over the best square (cubic) tiles for the two problem sizes. In addition, the tile size chosen by our tile size selection algorithm is similar to the best performing size obtained through an extensive search, validating the analytical model underlying the algorithm.
Design and Use of an Oxazolidine Silyl Enol Ether as a New Homoalanine Carbanion Equivalent for the Synthesis of Carbon-Linked Isosteres of <i>O</i>-Glycosyl Serine and <i>N</i>-Glycosyl Asparagine (1999)

A trimethylsilyl enol ether carrying the N-Boc 2,2-dimethyloxazolidine ring was designed to serve as a synthetic equivalent of the homoalanine carbanion for the introduction of the alpha-amino acid side chain at the anomeric carbon of sugars. This new functionalized silyl enol ether was prepared in multigram scale and high enantiomeric purity starting from methyl N-Boc-L-threoninate (six steps, 49% yield). This reagent was employed in two synthetic approaches to C-glycosyl amino acids. In one approach, the BF(3).Et(2)O-promoted coupling with tetra-O-benzyl-D-galactopyranosyl trichloroacetimidate afforded the alpha-linked C-glycoside as main product (30% isolated yield), which upon treatment with tert-butyllithium was converted into the beta-linked isomer. Deoxygenation of these compounds by the Barton-McCombie method and unmasking of the glycyl moiety from the oxazolidine ring by oxidative cleavage with the Jones reagent gave the C-glycosyl serine isosteres alpha- and beta-Gal-CH(2)()-Ser. In a similar way were prepared alpha- and beta-Glc-CH(2)()-Ser starting from tetra-O-benzyl-D-glucopyranosyl trichloroacetimidate. In a second approach, the same oxazolidine silyl enol ether was condensed with formyl tetra-O-benzyl-beta-D-C-galactopyranoside in the presence of BF(3).Et(2)O to give the beta-linked C-glycoside in 78% yield without any anomerization. The deoxygenation of this product and the cleavage of the oxazolidine ring as described above afforded the glycosyl asparagine isostere beta-Gal-(CH(2)())(2)()-Asn. The same reaction sequence was applied to convert formyl tetra-O-benzyl-beta-D-C-glucopyranoside and mannopyranoside into the C-glycosyl amino acids beta-Glc-(CH(2)())(2)()-Asn and beta-Man-(CH(2)())(2)()-Asn, respectively.
Measurement and interpretation of Internet packet loss (2000)

We analyze a month of Internet packet loss statistics for speech transmission using three different sets of client/server host pairs. Our results exhibit packet loss that is highly bursty, with the majority of individual losses occurring in a relatively small number of bursts. We find that loss exhibits dependence in most cases, but is not always well-modeled as dependent. We introduce an analytical technique for measuring loss dependency. We also consider the asymmetry of round-trip packet loss, and find that most loss on a round-trip path occurs in either one direction or the other. Thus, we provide a normalized metric for measuring loss asymmetry and apply it to our measurements. Finally, we discuss the implications of our study for the next generation of real-time voice services in the Internet.
Immunological pathways to β‐cell damage in Type 1 diabetes (2012)

Following almost 30 years of intensive research, initiated by the observation that Type 1 diabetes development is associated with a characteristic pancreatic immune cell infiltrate, a picture is emerging of which of the diverse effector arms of the immune system are involved in β-cell destruction. Like any chronic pathology, there is considerable complexity, and our ability to model the disease is hampered by a lack of ready access to the target organ and limited longitudinal analyses. However, it seems that putative pathways can start to be ruled in and out, in part as a result of focused mechanistic studies that make use of new technologies, and in part through analysis of the outcomes of clinical trials of new agents aimed at halting the disease process. The picture that emerges suggests a pathway to prevention that may require combinations of therapeutic agents that target different aspects of the immune system and will need to be used with due attention to their risk-benefit profiles.
Pemphigus vulgaris: benefits of tetracycline as adjuvant therapy in a series of thirteen patients (1999)

Tetracycline was shown to be effective as an adjuvant therapy for pemphigus with low toxicity and safety.
Science to Commercialization of Carbon Nanotube Sheet and Yarn (2017)

Improved understanding of the science behind the nanotube synthesis process is driving continuous improvement of nanotube based yarn and sheet materials. Nanotube hybrid materials such as nanotubes and metals are being produced or assembled directly from the reactor which opens up a new arena of possibilities for the design of nanostructured materials. The cost of the materials will also be reduced due to higher yield manufacturing. Improved nanotube/hybrid materials are unique compared with many existing materials. Enticed by the potential commercial value of these materials, more industries are now beginning to supplement or replace their incumbent materials such as copper and composites with nanotube hybrid materials that are lighter, tougher, and carry more electrical current. This paper discusses the science and commercialization of nanotubes/hybrid materials along with a range of emerging applications that will benefit from the improved nanotube materials.
Acupoint Injection of Autologous Stromal Vascular Fraction and Allogeneic Adipose-Derived Stem Cells to Treat Hip Dysplasia in Dogs (2014)

Stem cells isolated from adipose tissue show great therapeutic potential in veterinary medicine, but some points such as the use of fresh or cultured cells and route of administration need better knowledge. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of autologous stromal vascular fraction (SVF, n = 4) or allogeneic cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs, n = 5) injected into acupuncture points in dogs with hip dysplasia and weak response to drug therapy. Canine ASCs have proliferation and differentiation potential similar to ASCs from other species. After the first week of treatment, clinical evaluation showed marked improvement compared with baseline results in all patients treated with autologous SVF and three of the dogs treated with allogeneic ASCs. On days 15 and 30, all dogs showed improvement in range of motion, lameness at trot, and pain on manipulation of the joints, except for one ASC-treated patient. Positive results were more clearly seen in the SVF-treated group. These results show that autologous SVF or allogeneic ASCs can be safely used in acupoint injection for treating hip dysplasia in dogs and represent an important therapeutic alternative for this type of pathology. Further studies are necessary to assess a possible advantage of SVF cells in treating joint diseases.
[Transfusion of UV-irradiated autologous blood in the complex treatment of women with anemia after cesarean section]. (1990)

Transfusion of ultraviolet-irradiated autologous blood in women delivered by cesarean section and grade I and II anemia has improved their postoperative course, blood concentration, transcutaneous oxygen tension, hemostasis and fibrinolytic activation responses. The transfusion produced a more marked improvement as compared with iron drugs and packed erythrocyte transfusion.
Quartz resonator pressure gauge: design and fabrication technology (1979)

The base technology used in designing and fabricating the Sandia Quartz Resonator Pressure Gauges for geothermal well logging is presented. The following topics are treated: resonator design (crystallographic orientation), transducer design (static stress analysis and transfer function), electrode technology, and assembly details. In addition, preliminary results of pressure measurements at 275/sup 0/C are presented.
Lung cancer * 9: Molecular biology of lung cancer: clinical implications (2003)

It has been hypothesised that clinically evident lung cancers have accumulated many different genetic or epigenetic abnormalities in oncogenes and/or tumour suppressor genes. This notion has important clinical ramifications. Recent developments in our knowledge of the molecular biology of lung cancer are reviewed, with particular reference to genetic abnormalities in tumour suppressor gene inactivation and overactivity of growth promoting oncogenes. These changes lead to the "hallmarks of lung cancer". These hallmarks are the new rational targets for early detection, prevention, and treatment of lung cancer.
Hydrogen‐Gas Migration through Clathrate Hydrate Cages (2007)

Escape! Electronic-structure calculations have been used to estimate the energy barriers to the migration of H2 guest molecules from the cages of the structure-II clathrate hydrate (see picture; H green, O red). The escape rates from the cages were calculated using an Arrhenius expression with a tunneling correction. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2007/z700250_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
The Bioactive Phospholipid, Lysophosphatidylcholine, Induces Cellular Effects via G-Protein-dependent Activation of Adenylyl Cyclase (1996)

The naturally occurring phospholipid, lysophosphatidylcholine (lyso-PC), regulates a broad range of cell processes, including gene transcription, mitogenesis, monocyte chemotaxis, smooth muscle relaxation, and platelet activation. Despite the growing list of cellular effects attributable to lyso-PC, the mechanism(s) by which it alters cell function have not been elucidated. In this report, we have examined the effects of exogenous lyso-PC on signal transduction processes within a variety of lyso-PC-responsive cells, including human platelets, monocyte-like THP-1 cells, and the megakaryoblastic cell line, MEG-01. Pretreatment of each of these cells with increasing concentrations of lyso-PC (25-150 microg/ml) was associated with a progressive increase in the cytosolic concentration of cAMP. The accumulation of cAMP in platelets correlated closely with the ability of lyso-PC to inhibit multiple platelet processes, including platelet aggregation, agonist-induced protein kinase C activation, thromboxane A2 generation, and the tyrosine phosphorylation of platelet proteins. In each of the cell types examined, the ability of lyso-PC to increase the cellular levels of cAMP was synergistically enhanced by pretreating the cells with the cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor, theophylline (5 mM), and was specifically inhibited by the P-site inhibitor of adenylyl cyclase, 2,5-dideoxyadenosine. A role for the stimulatory G-protein, Gs, in the lyso-PC-induced activation of adenylyl cyclase was suggested by the ability of the GTPase inhibitor, guanylyl 5'-thiophosphate (0.2 mM), to inhibit the lyso-PC-stimulated increase in cAMP, and also by the ability of cholera toxin to inhibit increases in membrane GTPase activity in response to lyso-PC. The functional significance of lyso-PC-induced activation of adenylyl cyclase was investigated in MEG-01 cells. Treatment of these cells with either lyso-PC or dibutyryl cAMP for 36-40 h resulted in a 3-5-fold increase in the surface expression of the natural anticoagulant protein, thrombomodulin (TM). The ability of lyso-PC to increase TM expression was abolished by pretreating these cells with the adenylyl cyclase inhibitor, 2,5-dideoxyadenosine, whereas the dibutyryl cAMP-induced increase in TM remained insensitive to adenylyl cyclase inhibition. These studies define an important role for the adenylyl cyclase signaling system in mediating cellular effects induced by lyso-PC.
Mobile Health: Design of Flexible and Stretchable Electrophysiological Sensors for Wearable Healthcare Systems (2014)

Flexible and stretchable sensors have recently emerged as an active area of research for designing wearable, implantable and ingestible systems that allow pervasive and unobtrusive health monitoring in mobile health (m-Health) applications. Nevertheless, there lacks systematical study that compares the performances of these new types of sensors with their conventional counterparts. In this study, we reported the fabrication of serpentine-shape, flexible and stretchable electrodes that can be conformally attached to the skin via a printing-transfer process, and we introduced Area Density (AD) as a key parameter to guide the future design of these sensors. Sensors of AD 10, 20 and 40 percentages were designed and fabricated. The performances of these sensors for capturing one type of electrophysiological signals, i.e. electrocardiogram (ECG), were compared against ECG obtained by conventional gold and stainless steel metal clips. The results of this study found that flexible sensors designed with larger AD resulted in ECG of higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In particular, ECG with SNR comparable to those measured by conventional metal clips (SNR>25dB) can be achieved when this new type of flexible sensors were designed with AD=40%. The results of this study shed light on the design of novel wearable and flexible electrodes, which can be used not only for on-body sensing but also in-body measurement inside the gastrointestinal tract.
The Low-Affinity Receptor for Neurotrophins p75<sup>NTR</sup> Plays a Key Role for Satellite Cell Function in Muscle Repair Acting via RhoA (2009)

Regeneration of muscle fibers, lost during pathological muscle degeneration or after injuries, is mediated by the production of new myofibres. This process, sustained by the resident stem cells of the muscle, the satellite cells, is finely regulated by local cues, in particular by cytokines and growth factors. Evidence in the literature suggests that nerve growth factor (NGF) is involved in muscle fiber regeneration; however, its role and mechanism of action were unclear. We have investigated this issue in in vivo mouse models of muscle regeneration and in primary myogenic cells. Our results demonstrate that NGF acts through its low-affinity receptor p75(NTR) in a developmentally regulated signaling pathway necessary to myogenic differentiation and muscle repair in vivo. We also demonstrate that this action of NGF is mediated by the down-regulation of RhoA-GTP signaling in myogenic cells.
Bacterial concentration detection using a portable embedded sensor system for environmental monitoring (2017)

The detection of bacterial concentration is important in different fields since high microbial contamination or the presence of particular pathogens can seriously endanger human health. The reference technique to measure bacterial concentration is Standard Plate Count (SPC) that, however, has long response times (24 to 72 hours) and is not suitable for automatic implementation. This paper presents a portable embedded system for bacterial concentration measurement based on Impedance Microbiology that is suitable for in-situ measurements and does not require trained personnel. The system has been tested with samples inoculated with different concentrations ot Escherichia cott and its response correlates very well (R <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> = 0.9185) with results from SPC.
Electrodeposition of crystalline silicon directly from silicon tetrachloride in ionic liquid at low temperature (2016)

Crystalline silicon was fabricated directly from silicon tetrachloride in ionic liquid at low temperature of 100 °C. SEM, TEM and SEAD revealed that as-deposited crystalline Si with diamond cubic crystal structure.
Characterization of RPR1, an essential gene encoding the RNA component of Saccharomyces cerevisiae nuclear RNase P. (1991)

RNA components have been identified in preparations of RNase P from a number of eucaryotic sources, but final proof that these RNAs are true RNase P subunits has been elusive because the eucaryotic RNAs, unlike the procaryotic RNase P ribozymes, have not been shown to have catalytic activity in the absence of protein. We previously identified such an RNA component in Saccharomyces cerevisiae nuclear RNase P preparations and have now characterized the corresponding, chromosomal gene, called RPR1 (RNase P ribonucleoprotein 1). Gene disruption experiments showed RPR1 to be single copy and essential. Characterization of the gene region located RPR1 600 bp downstream of the URA3 coding region on chromosome V. We have sequenced 400 bp upstream and 550 bp downstream of the region encoding the major 369-nucleotide RPR1 RNA. The presence of less abundant, potential precursor RNAs with an extra 84 nucleotides of 5' leader and up to 30 nucleotides of 3' trailing sequences suggests that the primary RPR1 transcript is subjected to multiple processing steps to obtain the 369-nucleotide form. Complementation of RPR1-disrupted haploids with one variant of RPR1 gave a slow-growth and temperature-sensitive phenotype. This strain accumulates tRNA precursors that lack the 5' end maturation performed by RNase P, providing direct evidence that RPR1 RNA is an essential component of this enzyme.