gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of electromagnetic interference shielding using Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polystyrene sulfonate blend (2016)

In this work, excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding using a ternary blend of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT: PSS) is demonstrated. Electromagnetic interference shielding of up to 26 dB in the X-band (8.2–12.4 GHz) and 28 dB in Ku-band (12.4–18GHz) is achieved. The ternary blend being PEDOT: PSS-PEO-PVA in the ratio of 85:7.5:7.5 wherein PEDOT: PSS is a conducting polymer widely known for its high conductivity with atmospheric stability. The drop casted ternary blend film measured thickness of 42±2 μm. The EMI shielding measurements are further repeated in the interval of 30 days, and the values are observed to be unaltered. Thus, this PEDOT: PSS blend study elucidates the EMI shielding properties along with effective shielding stability.
Automatic word-level abstraction of datapath (2016)

Abstracting word information from gate-level designs is essential for formal verification, technology mapping and hardware security applications. In this paper, we present a novel method to abstract the word-level information from arithmetic gate-level circuits using a computer algebraic approach. The proposed technique translates the gate-level circuit into algebraic domain and applies algebraic rewriting to extract the arithmetic function. During the iterative rewriting, intermediate Pseudo-Boolean expressions are examined to identify word-level candidates. The proposed algorithm is able to abstract the word components from candidates and to reason about the word operation from the internal expressions. Successful experiments were performed on gate-level datapaths, including multipliers of up to 128-bit widths.
Pre‐clinical properties of the α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonists varenicline, cytisine and dianicline translate to clinical efficacy for nicotine dependence (2010)

The data provide a plausible explanation for the higher abstinence rate in smoking cessation trials following treatment with varenicline than with the two other alpha4beta2 nAChR partial agonists. In addition, this retrospective analysis demonstrates the usefulness of combining in vitro and in vivo parameters with estimated therapeutic human brain concentrations for translation to clinical efficacy.
Low consumption Flux-gate transducer for AC and DC high-current measurement (2008)

This work presents the design and implementation of a transducer system for the measurement of AC and DC high-current using the flux compensation technique in the measurement transformer, also called Flux- gate technology. The system can measure currents greater than 700 A (peak value) with a 100 kHz bandwidth measured at -3 dB. This equipment has been developed under the agreement of collaboration subscribed between the EUETIB-CEIB of the Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) and Group PREMO S.A. The Group PREMO S.A. is a Spanish company specialized in high-quality inductive components and leader in this sector.
Transforming Facial Images in 2 and 3-D (1997)

We review image processing techniques for manipulating 2-D representations of facial images and show their potential for extension to 3-D. Techniques for the manipulation of 2-D images include those used for: (i) averaging images of different faces to form facial ‘prototypes’, (ii) automated caricature exaggeration of the way an individual face differs in shape and colour from a prototype and (iii) transformations manipulating perceived facial qualities while maintaining information about identity (e.g. modifying the apparent sex or age of a face). Each technique relies on 160 feature landmarks allocated to the original 2-D images (e.g. centre of left eye, tip of nose). These landmarks can also be found in the 3-D colour and depth maps obtained from Cyber-scans. Using 2-D image warping techniques to align colour and depth maps from different faces allows prototypes and caricatures and may similarly allow transformations of faces to be performed in 3-D.
Dual Targeting of Histone Deacetylase and Topoisomerase II with Novel Bifunctional Inhibitors (2012)

Strategies to ameliorate the flaws of current chemotherapeutic agents, while maintaining potent anticancer activity, are of particular interest. Agents which can modulate multiple targets may have superior utility and fewer side effects than current single-target drugs. To explore the prospect in cancer therapy of a bivalent agent that combines two complementary chemo-active groups within a single molecular architecture, we have synthesized dual-acting histone deacetylase and topoisomerase II inhibitors. These dual-acting agents are derived from suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) and anthracycline daunorubicin, prototypical histone deacetylase (HDAC) and topoisomerase II (Topo II) inhibitors, respectively. We report herein that these agents present the signatures of inhibition of HDAC and Topo II in both cell-free and whole-cell assays. Moreover, these agents potently inhibit the proliferation of representative cancer cell lines.
Tail Docking Dairy Cattle: Effects on Cow Cleanliness and Udder Health (2001)

To determine whether tail docking would influence cow cleanliness and udder health in a free-stall system, we monitored milking cows after half the animals in a herd were docked. A sample of 223 docked and 190 undocked cows (reducing to 169 and 105 over the study as cows were dried off) were monitored for 8 wk. Cow cleanliness was scored in two areas: along the spine, and the rump adjacent to the tail at 1, 2, 3, 5, and 8 wk after docking. Cleanliness was evaluated by counting squares that were soiled (0 to 14 on a 5- x 17.5-cm grid) and judging soiling severity on a scale from 0 (clean) to 3 (thickly caked). Udder cleanliness was scored with the same scale (0 to 3) and by counting the number of teats with debris on them. Udder health was assessed by measuring SCC of two milk samples and the number of animals diagnosed as mastitic by the on-farm veterinarian. No treatment differences were found in four measures of cow cleanliness, two measures of udder cleanliness, or udder health. However, cow cleanliness did differ over time, and analysis of a subsample of cows illustrated individual differences in cleanliness.
Hierarchical extraction of pole-like objects from scene point clouds (2018)

We present a hierarchical extraction algorithm to extract pole-like objects (PLOs) from scene point clouds. First, the point clouds are divided into a set of data blocks along the x- and y-axes after computing the dimensionality structure of each point. An effective height constrained voxel-based segmentation algorithm is proposed to segment the scene point clouds. The adjacent voxels with similar heights are grouped into an individual object based on the spatial proximity and height information. The objects consisting of a smaller number of voxels and most of the linear points are extracted and regarded as the pole-like candidates (PLCs). Then a Euclidean distance clustering algorithm is adopted to segment the PLCs and remove the floating and short segments. Next, each PLC is divided along the z-axis to extract the vertical structure. The straightness of the vertical structure is computed to remove the false PLOs. Finally, a collection of characteristics, such as point distribution and size, are applied to classify the PLOs into a street light pole, high-mast light, beacon light, and single pole. The experimental results demonstrate that our method can extract PLOs quickly and effectively.
Simulation of a 915 MHz Receiver Using the HP Advanced Design System (1998)

The simulation of a 915 MHz receiver using Hewlett Packard's Advanced Design System™ CAE software is presented in this paper. The receiver subsystem includes input filtering and amplification, and a single down-conversion stage to a 70 MHz IF frequency. In order to demonstrate some capabilities of the software, examples of power budget, small-signal sweep, large signal sweep and harmonic balance simulations are described in a tutorial fashion.
NO <sub>2</sub> measurements in Hong Kong using LED based long path differential optical absorption spectroscopy (2012)

Abstract. In this study we present the first long term measurements of atmospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) using a LED based Long Path Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (LP-DOAS) instrument. This instrument is measuring continuously in Hong Kong since December 2009, first in a setup with a 550 m absorption path and then with a 3820 m path at about 30 m to 50 m above street level. The instrument is using a high power blue light LED with peak intensity at 450 nm coupled into the telescope using a Y-fibre bundle. The LP-DOAS instrument measures NO2 levels in the Kowloon Tong and Mongkok district of Hong Kong and we compare the measurement results to mixing ratios reported by monitoring stations operated by the Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department in that area. Hourly averages of coinciding measurements are in reasonable agreement (R = 0.74). Furthermore, we used the long-term data set to validate the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) NO2 data product. Monthly averaged LP-DOAS and OMI measurements correlate well (R = 0.84) when comparing the data for the OMI overpass time. We analyzed weekly patterns in both data sets and found that the LP-DOAS detects a clear weekly cycle with a reduction on weekends during rush hour peaks, whereas OMI is not able to observe this weekly cycle due to its fix overpass time (13:30–14:30 LT – local time).
Reference preparation to standardize results of serological tests for rheumatoid factor (1978)

The variance of between-laboratory results for rheumatoid factor tests was reduced through the use of a reference serum preparation. Two separate proficiency testing surveys have shown reduction of 58 to 81% in variance with samples of differing levels and composition. Reduction of variance was seen in data from laboratories in which the same methods and reagents were used, but greater reduction in variance was seen in results from laboratories using different methods and reagents. This study demonstrates that comparability of results of rheumatoid factor tests can be significantly improved through the use of a standard reference serum preparation and that confidence in such results can therefore be increased. A serum rheumatoid factor level of approximately 50 IU/ml is equivalent to a titer of 160 in the Singer-Plotz latex test, which has traditionally been accepted as evidence of rheumatoid arthritis.
Specific Mutations Near the Amino Terminus of Double-stranded RNA-dependent Protein Kinase (PKR) Differentially Affect Its Double-stranded RNA Binding and Dimerization Properties (1996)

The amino-terminal region of the double-stranded (ds) RNA-dependent protein kinase, PKR, has been shown to mediate both dsRNA binding and protein dimerization. To critically examine if PKR dimerization is dependent on dsRNA binding, we generated a series of mutants that are incapable of binding dsRNA. Some, but not all, of these mutants retained the ability to dimerize, as shown by a two-hybrid transcriptional activation assay in vivo and a chemical cross-linking assay in vitro. These mutants were used further to demonstrate that the translational inhibitory activity of PKR in vivo requires dsRNA binding; PKR mutants that dimerized but did not bind dsRNA could not inhibit the translation of a transfected reporter gene. The amino-terminal region of the double-stranded (ds) RNA-dependent protein kinase, PKR, has been shown to mediate both dsRNA binding and protein dimerization. To critically examine if PKR dimerization is dependent on dsRNA binding, we generated a series of mutants that are incapable of binding dsRNA. Some, but not all, of these mutants retained the ability to dimerize, as shown by a two-hybrid transcriptional activation assay in vivo and a chemical cross-linking assay in vitro. These mutants were used further to demonstrate that the translational inhibitory activity of PKR in vivo requires dsRNA binding; PKR mutants that dimerized but did not bind dsRNA could not inhibit the translation of a transfected reporter gene.
Interleukin-1 signaling contributes to acute islet compensation (2016)

IL-1β is a well-established inducer of both insulin resistance and impaired pancreatic islet function. Despite this, findings examining IL-1 receptor deficiency or antagonism in in vivo animal models, as well as in clinical studies of type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients, have led to conflicting results, suggesting that the actions of IL-1β on glycemic control may be pleiotropic in nature. In the present work, we find that the ability of IL-1β to amplify glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from human islets correlates with donor BMI. Islets from obese donors are sensitized to the insulinotropic effects of this cytokine, whereas the stimulatory effects of IL-1β are lost in islets from obese T2D patients, suggesting a role for IL-1 signaling in islet compensation. Indeed, mice deficient in IL-1 receptor type I become glucose intolerant more rapidly than their WT littermates and have impaired secretory responses during the acute stages of inflammatory and metabolic stress induced by LPS and high-fat diet, respectively. IL-1β directly enhances β cell insulin secretion by increasing granule docking and soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment receptor (SNARE) complex formation at the plasma membrane. Together, our study highlights the importance of IL-1β signaling in islet compensation to metabolic and inflammatory stress.
Glycosylphosphatidyl Inositol-anchored Proteins and fyn Kinase Assemble in Noncaveolar Plasma Membrane Microdomains Defined by Reggie-1 and -2 (2001)

Using confocal laser scanning and double immunogold electron microscopy, we demonstrate that reggie-1 and -2 are colocalized in < or =0.1-microm plasma membrane microdomains of neurons and astrocytes. In astrocytes, reggie-1 and -2 do not occur in caveolae but clearly outside these structures. Microscopy and coimmunoprecipitation show that reggie-1 and -2 are associated with fyn kinase and with the glycosylphosphatidyl inositol-anchored proteins Thy-1 and F3 that, when activated by antibody cross-linking, selectively copatch with reggie. Jurkat cells, after cross-linking of Thy-1 or GM1 (with the use of cholera toxin), exhibit substantial colocalization of reggie-1 and -2 with Thy-1, GM1, the T-cell receptor complex and fyn. This, and the accumulation of reggie proteins in detergent-resistant membrane fractions containing F3, Thy-1, and fyn imparts to reggie-1 and -2 properties of raft-associated proteins. It also suggests that reggie-1 and -2 participate in the formation of signal transduction centers. In addition, we find reggie-1 and -2 in endolysosomes. In Jurkat cells, reggie-1 and -2 together with fyn and Thy-1 increase in endolysosomes concurrent with a decrease at the plasma membrane. Thus, reggie-1 and -2 define raft-related microdomain signaling centers in neurons and T cells, and the protein complex involved in signaling becomes subject to degradation.
The carboxyl terminus of phage HK022 Nun includes a novel zinc-binding motif and a tryptophan required for transcription termination (2000)

The amino-terminal arginine-rich motif of the phage HK022 Nun protein binds phage lambda nascent mRNA transcripts while the carboxy-terminal domain binds RNA polymerase and arrests transcription. The role of specific residues in the carboxy-terminal domain in transcription termination were investigated by mutagenesis, in vitro and in vivo functional assays, and NMR spectroscopy. Coordination of zinc to three histidine residues in the carboxy-terminus inhibited RNA binding by the amino-terminal domain; however, only two of these histidines were required for transcription arrest. These results suggest that additional zinc-coordinating residues are supplied by RNA polymerase in the context of the Nun-RNA polymerase complex. Substitution of the penultimate carboxy-terminal tryptophan residue with alanine or leucine blocks transcription arrest, whereas a tyrosine substitution is innocuous. Wild-type Nun fails to arrest transcription on single-stranded templates. These results suggest that Nun inhibition of transcription elongation is due in part to interactions between the carboxy-terminal tryptophan of Nun and double-stranded DNA, possibly by intercalation. A model for the termination activity of Nun is developed on the basis of these data.
Large capacity high performance 3-level GTO inverter system for steel main rolling mill drives (2002)

This paper proposes a high performance 10 MVA 3-level GTO inverter system for steel main rolling mill drives, which consists of a three-level power converter, a three-level inverter and two series-connected DC-link capacitors with a neutral point. To realize this system, newly developed 6-inch 6 kV-6 kA GTOs have been applied first in the world. A novel regenerative snubber circuit topology is proposed to maximize power conversion efficiency of the system and to guarantee maximum turn-off current capability of 6 kA of GTOs implemented in the main circuit. By applying high power factor control of the power converter and high performance vector control of a synchronous motor, a high performance GTO inverter system has been realized. Experimental results using a 6000 kW synchronous motor demonstrate the availability of this inverter system for steel main rolling mill drives.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of Phosphorus. Part 175. Disodium Hexadecaphosphide: Preparation via Cleavage of White Phosphorus with Sodium. (1987)

Abstract From the reaction of white phosphorus with sodium (P: Na = 3:1) in boiling THF or monoglyme (2‐3 h) in the presence of 18‐crown‐6 the solvent adduct Na 2 P 16 ·3(18‐crown‐6)·2 THF (or a monoglyme adduct) is obtained.
Coordination in emergency response management (2008)

Developing a framework to analyze coordination patterns occurring in the emergency response life cycle.
Manipulation of a VEGF-Notch signaling circuit drives formation of functional vascular endothelial progenitors from human pluripotent stem cells (2014)

Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived endothelial lineage cells constitutes a promising source for therapeutic revascularization, but progress in this arena has been hampered by a lack of clinically-scalable differentiation protocols and inefficient formation of a functional vessel network integrating with the host circulation upon transplantation. Using a human embryonic stem cell reporter cell line, where green fluorescent protein expression is driven by an endothelial cell-specific VE-cadherin (VEC) promoter, we screened for > 60 bioactive small molecules that would promote endothelial differentiation, and found that administration of BMP4 and a GSK-3β inhibitor in an early phase and treatment with VEGF-A and inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway in a later phase led to efficient differentiation of hPSCs to the endothelial lineage within six days. This sequential approach generated > 50% conversion of hPSCs to endothelial cells (ECs), specifically VEC(+)CD31(+)CD34(+)CD14(-)KDR(high) endothelial progenitors (EPs) that exhibited higher angiogenic and clonogenic proliferation potential among endothelial lineage cells. Pharmaceutical inhibition or genetical knockdown of Notch signaling, in combination with VEGF-A treatment, resulted in efficient formation of EPs via KDR(+) mesodermal precursors and blockade of the conversion of EPs to mature ECs. The generated EPs successfully formed functional capillary vessels in vivo with anastomosis to the host vessels when transplanted into immunocompromised mice. Manipulation of this VEGF-A-Notch signaling circuit in our protocol leads to rapid large-scale production of the hPSC-derived EPs by 12- to 20-fold vs current methods, which may serve as an attractive cell population for regenerative vascularization with superior vessel forming capability compared to mature ECs.
Eye-safe laser line striper for outside use (2003)

Collision warning or autonomous driving in cluttered environments like urban areas require short-range high-resolution sensors. Rangefinders using laser triangulation fulfil these requirements but they face the additional challenge of operating in bright sunlight while remaining eye-safe. The laser line striper introduced in this paper achieves all these requirements without the need of expensive components. The sensor can be built with a variety of field-of-views.
Simple Method for the Preparation of Composites Based on PA6 and Partially Exfoliated Graphite (2012)

In the present work, the preparation of composite systems based on polyamide 6 (PA6) and exfoliated graphite was attempted by applying a simple procedure, which consists of a preliminary dispersion/exfoliation of graphite in the monomer, namely, ɛ ‐caprolactam (CL), and a subsequent polymerization of the above system. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) demonstrated specific interactions between CL and graphite surface. The dispersion of graphite in the monomer and polymer was assessed by scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy, while mechanical tests allowed to evaluate the influence of graphite on the polymer properties.
Guided mode caused by silicon nanopillar array for light emission enhancement in color-converting LED (2015)

Plasmonic metallic nanostructures have been demonstrated an effective way to enhance the light emission efficiency in LEDs. Here, we propose a design of white LEDs that combining dielectric silicon nanopillar array in the color-converting layer. By investigating theoretically the guided mode caused by the nanopillar array-waveguide system, we demonstrate that the silicon nanopillar arrays enable larger near-field enhancement and more efficient photons emission property than the plasmonic counterparts. These performances make the silicon nanopillar arrays have potential application in light converter for efficient white LEDs. We also show that the guided mode can be controlled by changing the period of nanopillar grating and the thickness of polymer layer. More significant performance can be achieved by further optimizing the shape and size of the silicon nanoparticles. Compared with the square nanoparticle arrays, the hexagonal nanopillar arrays are demonstrated to have larger field enhancement and emission enhancement. Our research is expected to give insights into the design and optimization of the solid-state lighting systems by using silicon nanostructures, and the all-dielectric metamaterials for gaining or lasing devices.