gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bismuth precursors for atomic layer deposition of bismuth-containing oxide films (2004)

Several bismuth amides and a bismuth thioamidate compound were synthesized and characterized in order to find volatile bismuth precursors for atomic layer deposition (ALD) of oxide materials. Crystal structures of Bi(N(SiMe3)2)3 and Bi(SC(Me)NPri)3 are reported. Based on precursor characterization Bi(N(SiMe3)2)3 was selected for film deposition experiments. It was found that alternate surface reactions of Bi(N(SiMe3)2)3 and H2O can be used for ALD of amorphous BiOx, Bi–Ta–O and Sr–Bi–Ta–O at 190–200 °C. After post-deposition annealing at 800 °C in oxygen the SrBi2Ta2O9 layered perovskite phase was obtained.
Removal of Hydrogen Sulfide on Composite Sewage Sludge-Industrial Sludge-Based Adsorbents (2006)

The sludge-based adsorbents were obtained either from mixtures of sewage sludge, waste oil sludge, and metal sludge or single components by carbonization at 650 °C in an inert atmosphere. The materials were used as media to remove hydrogen sulfide at room temperature in the presence of moisture. The initial and exhausted adsorbents after the breakthrough tests were characterized using sorption of nitrogen, thermal analysis, XRD, ICP, and surface pH measurements. Although on all materials hydrogen sulfide is oxidized to elemental sulfur, exceptionally good performance is obtained on the waste oil sludge-based adsorbent. This is attributed to the combined effects of surface chemistry and porosity. High pore volume of the waste oil sludge-based adsorbent provides space to store 30 wt % elemental sulfur formed when hydrogen sulfide undergoes oxidation on the surface. Mixing sludges and carbonization of their mixtures result in adsorbents whose capacity, although smaller than that for the single-component waste oil sludge-based adsorbent, is high compared to that of conventional activated carbons. Moreover, when additional chemical heterogeneity is provided, the structural and chemical features of the mixed waste oil sludge/sewage sludge-based adsorbents are enhanced as a result of synergy between the individual components, which occurs during solid-state reactions.
Broadly Reactive Human Monoclonal Antibodies Elicited following Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Virus Exposure Protect Mice against Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Challenge (2018)

Broadly cross-reactive antibodies (Abs) that recognize conserved epitopes within the influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) stalk domain are of particular interest for their potential use as therapeutic and prophylactic agents against multiple influenza virus subtypes, including zoonotic virus strains. Here, we characterized four human HA stalk-reactive monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) for their binding breadth and affinity, <i>in vitro</i> neutralization capacity, and <i>in vivo</i> protective potential against an highly pathogenic avian influenza virus. The monoclonal antibodies were isolated from individuals shortly following infection with (70-1F02 and 1009-3B05) or vaccination against (05-2G02 and 09-3A01) A(H1N1)pdm09. Three of the MAbs bound HAs from multiple strains of group 1 viruses, and one MAb, 05-2G02, bound to both group 1 and group 2 influenza A virus HAs. All four antibodies prophylactically protected mice against a lethal challenge with the highly pathogenic A/Vietnam/1203/04 (H5N1) strain. Two MAbs, 70-1F02 and 09-3A01, were further tested for their therapeutic efficacy against the same strain and showed good efficacy in this setting as well. One MAb, 70-1F02, cocrystallized with H5 HA and showed heavy-chain-only interactions similar to those seen with the previously described CR6261 anti-stalk antibody. Finally, we show that antibodies that compete with these MAbs are prevalent in serum from an individual recently infected with the A(H1N1)pdm09 virus. The antibodies described here can be developed into broad-spectrum antiviral therapeutics that could be used to combat infections by zoonotic or emerging pandemic influenza viruses.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> The rise in zoonotic infections of humans by emerging influenza viruses is a worldwide public health concern. The majority of recent zoonotic human influenza cases were caused by H7N9 and H5Nx viruses and were associated with high morbidity and mortality. In addition, seasonal influenza viruses are estimated to cause up to 650,000 deaths annually worldwide. Currently available antiviral treatment options include only neuraminidase inhibitors, but some influenza viruses are naturally resistant to these drugs, and others quickly develop resistance-conferring mutations. Alternative therapeutics are urgently needed. Broadly protective antibodies that target the conserved "stalk" domain of the hemagglutinin represent potential potent antiviral prophylactic and therapeutic agents that can assist pandemic preparedness. Here, we describe four human monoclonal antibodies that target conserved regions of influenza HA and characterize their binding spectrum as well as their protective capacity in prophylactic and therapeutic settings against a lethal challenge with a zoonotic influenza virus.
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors produced by Streptomyces chromofuscus. Discovery, taxonomy and fermentation. (1985)

Culture A58365.1, NRRL 15098, identified as a new strain of Streptomyces chromofuscus, was found to produce two novel angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, A58365A and A58365B. Fermentation medium studies afforded an increase in ACE inhibitor titers from less than 1 microgram/ml to greater than 20 micrograms/ml. Proline was the obligatory supplement for ACE inhibitor biosynthesis.
Cleaved CD31 as a target for in vivo molecular imaging of inflammation (2019)

There is a need for new targets to specifically localize inflammatory foci, usable in a wide range of organs. Here, we hypothesized that the cleaved molecular form of CD31 is a suitable target for molecular imaging of inflammation. We evaluated a bioconjugate of D-P8RI, a synthetic peptide that binds all cells with cleaved CD31, in an experimental rat model of sterile acute inflammation. Male Wistar rats were injected with turpentine oil into the gastrocnemius muscle two days before <sup>99m</sup>Tc-HYNIC-D-P8RI (or its analogue with L-Proline) SPECT/CT or [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG PET/MRI. Biodistribution, stability study, histology, imaging and autoradiography of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-HYNIC-D-P8RI were further performed. Biodistribution studies revealed rapid elimination of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-HYNIC-D-P8RI through renal excretion with almost no uptake from most organs and excellent in vitro and in vivo stability were observed. SPECT/CT imaging showed a significant higher <sup>99m</sup>Tc-HYNIC-D-P8RI uptake compared with its analogue with L-Proline (negative control) and no significant difference compared with [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG (positive control). Moreover, autoradiography and histology revealed a co-localization between <sup>99m</sup>Tc-HYNIC-D-P8RI uptake and inflammatory cell infiltration. <sup>99m</sup>Tc-HYNIC-D-P8RI constitutes a new tool for the detection and localization of inflammatory sites. Our work suggests that targeting cleaved CD31 is an attractive strategy for the specific in vivo imaging of inflammatory processes.
The effect of copper ions on sedimentation rates of erythrocytes (2003)

Whether copper sulfate affects the sedimentation rate of erythrocytes in blood was investigated. We performed the experiment by placing by 1ml of blood in plastic vials. After that, we added 10/spl mu/l of 1% CuSO/sub 4/ solution to an aliquot. Then, we put 10/spl mu/l of 5% of CuSO/sub 4/ to 1ml of the same blood into different vial. Following this procedure, we incubated the blood with the various concentrations of CuSO/sub 4/ to 37 degrees Celcius for ten minutes. Then, we determined the sedimentation rates of the red blood cells (RBCs) for the control, the blood that contained .001% of CuSO/sub 4/, and the blood that contained .005% of CuSO/sub 4/. We repeated this experiment with fourteen (n=14) different samples of blood. The results indicate that there was a statistical significance (P<.05) in the sedimentation rate of the blood that contained the .005% of CuSO/sub 4/ and the control were different In addition, there was a statistical significance (P<.05) that there was a difference in sedimentation rate between the .001% CuSO/sub 4/ and .005% CuSO/sub 4/. The results also show that there is no difference in sedimentation between .001% and the control.
Singing Voice Synthesis Combining Excitation plus Resonance and Sinusoidal plus Residual Models (2001)

This paper presents an approach to the modeling of the singing voice with a particular emphasis on the naturalness of the resulting synthetic voice. The underlying analysis/synthesis technique is based on the Spectral Modeling Synthesis (SMS) and a newly developed Excitation plus Resonance (EpR) model. With this approach a complete singing voice synthesizer is developed that generates a vocal melody out of the score and the phonetic transcription of a song.
Adsorption-Based Electrochemical Detection of Nonelectrochemically Active Analytes for Capillary Electrophoresis (2000)

A sensitive electrochemical detection method (ECD) for capillary electrophoresis has been developed that is applicable to a much wider range of analytes than more conventional ECD methods. Using a modified Osteryoung square-wave voltammetry method, the adsorption of what are normally considered nonelectrochemically active analytes onto a platinum electrode was found to produce a concentration-proportional response. Although the mechanisms that cause this response may be complex, it appears that it is due to changes in the electrode/solution interface that accompany adsorption of the analyte onto the electrode rather than a simple redox process. Analytes that possess pi-electron density appeared to chemisorb rather than only physically adsorb onto the electrode and gave the best response with detection limits of < 10(-8) M while maintaining good linearity. Because this detection method requires only that the analyte adsorb onto the electrode, it has the advantage of much wider applicability than previously reported electrochemical detection methods. The applicability of this detection method was investigated for a variety of analytes and background electrolyte conditions (varied pH, ionic strength, buffer additives). Comparisons of the sensitivity of this method to UV detection showed that, even for analytes that have good UV chromophores, sensitivities greater than 1 order of magnitude were obtained using adsorption-based electrochemical detection.
Towards automatic calibration of Fourier-Domain OCT for robot-assisted vitreoretinal surgery (2010)

We present a new real-time automatic spectral calibration (ASC) method for Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (FD OCT) that can be automatically performed by the system. The ASC method proposed can be performed during OCT scanning operation and does not require an external calibrating light source or a commercial optical spectrum analyzer. Spectral data used for calibration can be interferograms obtained from an arbitrary sample which may have complicated internal structures, such as ones found in biological tissue. Moreover, our ASC method incorporates known robot motion to calibrate physical pixel spacing of the A-scan in static or dynamic environments. Experimental results show that our ASC method can provide high-performance calibration for FD OCT in terms of axial resolution and ranging accuracy without increasing hardware complexity.
A Recyclable Chiral Ru Catalyst for Enantioselective Olefin Metathesis. Efficient Catalytic Asymmetric Ring-Opening/Cross Metathesis in Air (2002)

The synthesis and structure of a new chiral bidentate imidazolinylidene ligand and a derived chiral Ru-based carbene are disclosed. The Ru complex is stereogenic at the metal center; it can be prepared in >98% diastereoselectivity and purified by silica gel chromatography with undistilled solvents. The air-stable Ru complex efficiently catalyzes ring-closing and ring-opening metathesis and is recyclable. The chiral complex is highly effective (0.5-10 mol % loading) in promoting enantioselective ring-opening/cross metathesis reactions (up to >98% ee). These enantioselective transformations can be effected in air, with unpurified solvent and with substrates that would only polymerize with Mo-based catalysts.
Chirp-like transmit waveforms with multiple frequency-notches (2011)

This paper describes the construction of chirp-like constant-modulus transmit waveforms designed so as to possess multiple notches in their frequency spectra at user-specified frequencies. We propose an iterative projection algorithm with low computational complexity. In wide-band radar systems, such frequency-notched transmit waveforms are needed so as to avoid transmitting into frequency bands that are used by other systems such as for communication, navigation, etc.
Purification and Properties of a Novel Enzyme, Maltooligosyl Trehalose Synthase, from<i>Arthrobacter</i>sp. Q36 (1995)

Arthrobacter sp. Q36 produces a novel enzyme, maltooligosyl trehalose synthase, which catalyzes the conversion of maltooligosaccharide into the non-reducing saccharide, maltooligosyl trehalose (alpha-maltooligosyl alpha-D-glucoside) by intramolecular transglycosylation. The enzyme was purified from a cell-free extract to an electrophoretically homogeneous state by successive column chromatography on Sepabeads FP-DA13, DEAE-Sephadex A-50, Ultrogel AcA44, and Butyl-Toyopearl 650M. The enzyme was specific for maltooligosaccharides except maltose, and catalyzed the conversion to form maltooligosyl trehalose. The Km of the enzyme for maltotetraose, maltopentaose, maltohexaose, and maltoheptaose were 22.9 mM, 8.7 mM, 1.4 mM, and 0.9 mM, respectively. The enzyme had a molecular mass of 81,000 by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and a pI of 4.1 by gel isoelectrofocusing. The N-terminal and C-terminal amino acids of the enzyme were methionine and serine, respectively. The enzyme showed the highest activity at pH 7.0 and 40 degrees C, and was stable from pH 6.0 to 9.5 and up to 40 degrees C. The enzyme activity was inhibited by Hg2+ and Cu2+.
Fabrication of nanometer sized features on non-flat substrates using a nano-imprint lithography process (2005)

The Step and Flash Imprint Lithography (S-FILTM) process is a step and repeat nano-imprint lithography (NIL) technique based on UV curable low viscosity liquids. Generally nano-imprint lithography (NIL) is a negative acting process which makes an exact replica of the imprint mold and is subsequently dry developed to reveal the underlying substrate material. The authors have demonstrated a novel imprint process, which reverses the tone of the imprint and enables dry develop on nonflat wafers with good critical dimension control and resist layer thickness. This positive acting NIL process termed SFIL/RTM (reverse tone S-FIL), enables nano-imprinting over intrinsic substrate topology of the type commonly found on single side polished substrates. This paper describes the SFIL/R process and the results of pattern transfer on single side polished silicon wafers.
Ionic/electronic mixed conductor tip of a scanning tunneling microscope as a metal atom source for nanostructuring (2002)

Silver sulfide (Ag2S) which has Ag-ionic/electronic mixed conductivity is used for fabricating a tip used for a scanning tunneling microscope. The mixed conductor tip is capable of nanostructuring by depositing Ag atoms continuously on a sample as well as imaging the surface structure. To obtain the surface image, a nanoscale Ag protrusion is formed at an apex of the tip using a local solid electrochemical reaction, working as “a mini-tip.” We fabricate a nanoscale line structure on the sample by scanning the Ag2S tip with the protrusion under appropriate bias voltages and tunneling currents. The structuring is thought to be made up of two layers of Ag atoms deposited from the protrusion.
HVAD Waveform Analysis as a Noninvasive Marker of Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure: A First Step Toward the Development of a Smart Left Ventricular Assist Device Pump (2017)

Flow waveforms are an important feature of the HVAD left ventricular assist device (LVAD) that provides information about HVAD function and patient hemodynamics. We assessed the properties of one specific aspect of the waveform, the slope of the ventricular filling phase (VFP), and its correlation with pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP). A total of 101 screenshots from the HVAD monitor and simultaneous hemodynamic measurements were obtained simultaneously during sequential stages of invasive hemodynamic ramp studies. Each screenshot was digitized (IGOR Pro, WaveMetrics Inc., Oswego, OR) and properties of the flow waveforms including instantaneous flow and rate of change of flow were analyzed. Ventricular filling phase slope (VFPS) was calculated for each screenshot and correlated to PCWP. Ventricular filling phase slope was significantly higher in patients with PCWP ≥ 18 mm Hg than in patients with PCWP < 18 mm Hg [6.25 (5.84-7.37) L/min/s vs. 3.27 (2.00-4.69) L/min/s, p ≤ 0.0001]. A VFPS threshold of 5.8 L/min/s predicted a PCWP ≥ 18 mm Hg with a sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 95% (AUC 0.95). Ventricular filling phase slope of the HVAD flow waveform is a novel noninvasive parameter that correlates with PCWP and can discriminate elevated versus normal or low PCWP. Automated reporting of this parameter may help clinical assessment and management of patients supported by an HVAD and may serve as the basis of a smart LVAD pump that can adapt in response to changes in a patient's physiology.
Deep Physiological Affect Network for the Recognition of Human Emotions (2018)

Here we present a robust physiological model for the recognition of human emotions, called Deep Physiological Affect Network. This model is based on a convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) network and a new temporal margin-based loss function. Formulating the emotion recognition problem as a spectral-temporal sequence classification problem of bipolar EEG signals underlying brain lateralization and photoplethysmogram signals, the proposed model improves the performance of emotion recognition. Specifically, the new loss function allows the model to be more confident as it observes more of specific feelings while training ConvLSTM models. The function is designed to result in penalties for the violation of such confidence. Our experiments on a public dataset show that our deep physiological learning technology significantly increases the recognition rate of state-of-the-art techniques by 15.96 percent increase in accuracy. An extensive analysis of the relationship between participants' emotion ratings and physiological changes in brain lateralization function during the experiment is also presented.
Abstract LB-010: Intracellular delivery of SOCS3 suppresses solid tumor progression (2018)

Abstract Introduction Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) functions as a negative-feedback regulator of JAK/STAT signaling that suppresses JAK kinase activity and promotes degradation of the activated cytokine receptor complex. Loss of SOCS3 enhances the growth and survival of some solid tumors; therefore, methods to replenish intracellular levels of the protein may provide an effective therapy against solid tumors dependent on JAK/STAT signaling for growth or survival. Objective The present study utilized advanced macromolecule transduction domain (aMTD) sequences to develop improved cell-permeable (iCP-) SOCS3 as a protein-based biotherapeutic against solid tumors including gastric-, colorectal, lung-, breast-cancer and glioblastoma. Methods Cell-permeable SOCS3 proteins, with (iCP-SOCS3) and without (Non-CP-SOCS3) a 12-amino acid aMTD sequence or containing an earlier generation of MTD based on the signal peptide of FGF4, termed membrane-translocating motif (MTM) were expressed and purified from E. coli. The proteins also contained a solubilization domain (SD) to enhance the solubility of the recombinant proteins in physiological buffers. The therapeutic potential of iCP-SOCS3 as anti-cancer agent for solid tumors was examined both in cultured cells and in human-mouse xenograft models. Results Compared to CP-SOCS3, iCP-SOCS3 fused to aMTD exhibited higher solubility and yield (25- and 300-folds higher, respectively) that are sufficient to be developed for clinical use. Moreover, it exhibited cell-/tissue-permeability along with strong biological activity that was shown by significantly suppressed IFN-γ-induced phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT3. In vitro study conducted with various cancer cell lines demonstrated that iCP-SOCS3 significantly suppresses cancer-associated phenotypes (e.g., &gt;80% inhibition of proliferation in lung cancer and glioblastoma, &gt;70% induction of apoptosis in gastric cancer, &gt;65% inhibition of migration/invasion in gastric cancer) and induces changes in biomarker expression (e.g., p21, cleavage caspase-3 in breast cancer). In addition, iCP-SOCS3 also significantly suppressed the tumor growth of human solid tumor xenografts (65% inhibition in gastric-, 79% in colorectal-, 69% in lung-, 63% in breast-cancer and 78% in glioblastoma CDXs, respectively). Conclusion Taken together, these results provide further evidence that SOCS3 can function as a tumor suppressor and intracellular delivery of SOCS3 with iCP-SOCS3 may provide novel protein therapy against solid tumors. Citation Format: Youngsil Choi, Minyong Jung, Seulmee Shin, Kuysook Lee, Daewoong Jo. Intracellular delivery of SOCS3 suppresses solid tumor progression [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-010.
A contactless sport training monitor based on facial expression and remote-PPG (2017)

To successfully increase athletes' or exercisers' fitness and endurance, the factors of physiological signal, emotion, or the level of fatigue should be considered during the training program. Many clinical decision support systems can assist to monitor the exercisers by some wearable devices. And, the questionnaire should also be taken into account to produce a report. Such process is cumbersome, and the results are not objective. Furthermore, one may feel uncomfortable when wearing the devices during the training program. In this research, the Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) is expected to be estimated automatically without any wearable devices and questionnaires. A camera based heart rate detection algorithm and a fatigue expression feature extractor are fused to estimate the RPE value. The results show that our heart rate detection algorithm can be competitive to the wearable devices, and the trend of the detected heart rate is correlated to RPE. Moreover, the fatigue feature can help reduce the error of the estimation.