gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Volatile Compounds among Different Grades of Green Tea and Their Relations to Odor Attributes (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComparison of Volatile Compounds among Different Grades of Green Tea and Their Relations to Odor AttributesMitsuya Shimoda, Hiroko Shigematsu, Hideki Shiratsuchi, and Yutaka OsajimaCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1995, 43, 6, 1621–1625Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00054a038https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00054a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1094Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[Pancreaticojejunal anastomosis by intussusception of an isolated loop in pancreaticoduodenectomy]. (1994)

The most frequent and severe complication of pancreaticoduodenectomy is pancreatic fistula due to dehiscence of the pancreas anastomosis. The technique that uses a separate Roux en Y loop for pancreas anastomosis, to reduce the fatal risks of pancreatic fistula, has been described for more than 50 years. With the development of pancreaticogastrostomy, it seems interesting to present a procedure using an isolated loop for the pancreas; this technique, derived from those previously described allows a good intussusception of the pancreatic stump into the intestinal loop. This method was performed in 22 pancreaticoduodenectomies. There were 2 operative deaths unrelated to the pancreaticojejunal anastomosis and one pancreatic fistula, which healed under medical treatment.
Exploiting known taxonomies in learning overlapping concepts (2007)

Many real-world classification problems involve large numbers of overlapping categories that are arranged in a hierarchy or taxonomy. We propose to incorporate prior knowledge on category taxonomy directly into the learning architecture. We present two concrete multi-label classification methods, a generalized version of Perceptron and a hierarchical multi-label SVM learning. Our method works with arbitrary, not necessarily singly connected taxonomies, and can be applied more generally in settings where categories are characterized by attributes and relations that are not necessarily induced by a taxonomy. Experimental results on WIPO-alpha collection show that our hierarchical methods bring significant performance improvement. 1
An overview of aqueous lithium-ion batteries (2013)

Although the lithium-ion battery using aqueous solution as electrolyte has low energy density,it may solve both the safety and large cost problems for lithium-ion batteries that use highly toxic and flammable organic solvents,and the poor cycling life associated with commercialized aqueous rechargeable batteries including lead-acid and nickel-metal hydride batteries,showing promising application in stationary power sources for smart grid.The present work reviews the latest advances in the exploration and development of battery systems and related materials.Also the main challenges in this field are briefly discussed and some constructive views and possible solutions are provided.On the other hand,present work also reviews the recent progress of the application of Li-metal anode,and analyzes its advantage,disadvantage and challenge.
An analysis of LMS adaptive two-sided transversal filters (1991)

Adaptive smoothing filters have been studied for the removal of narrow-band interference and for use in spectral estimation. The authors study the convergence of two LMS (least mean square) adaptive smoothers, one constrained to have symmetry, the other with each tap adapting independently. Since the behavior of the adaptive filters is dependent upon the characteristics of the signal on the filter taps, the authors explore differences in convergence among these two smoothing algorithms and the LMS predictor through this signal vector. By analyzing in detail this behavior for a sinusoid in white noise, they show that if the sinusoid is neither very low nor high in frequency then the constrained smoother has both better convergence and steady-state behavior than either the predictor or the unconstrained smoother while requiring one-half as many multiplications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Carboplatin in the first-line chemotherapy of ovarian cancer. (1990)

When used as first-line treatment for advanced ovarian cancer in phase III trials, single-agent carboplatin has produced clinical complete response rates comparable with or exceeding those of single-agent cisplatin. Phase I/II trials of combination chemotherapy have yielded overall objective response rates of 44% to 75% when carboplatin was combined with either cyclophosphamide or chlorambucil. In randomized phase III trials of carboplatin combination chemotherapy, response rates similar to those of cisplatin combinations have been achieved but with greatly reduced toxicities. The data from these phase I, II, and III trials show that carboplatin is as active as cisplatin in patients with advanced ovarian cancer and is associated with a significantly lower incidence and is associated with a significantly lower incidence of emesis, ototoxicity, peripheral neuropathy, and renal dysfunction. Thus, carboplatin should be considered the platinum compound of choice in the firstline treatment of advanced ovarian cancer.
Evaluating and Optimizing Indexing Schemes for a Cloud-Based Elastic Key-Value Store (2011)

Cloud computing has emerged to provide virtual, pay-as-you-go computing and storage services over the Internet, where the usage cost directly depends on consumption. One compelling feature in Clouds is elasticity, where a user can demand, and be immediately given access to, more (or less) resources based on requirements. However, this feature introduces new challenges in developing application and services. In this paper, we focus on the challenges in data management in Cloud environments, in view of elasticity. Particularly, we consider an elastic key-value store, which is used to cache intermediate results in a service-oriented system, and accelerate future queries by reusing the stored values. Such a key-value store can clearly benefit from the elasticity offered by Clouds, by expanding the cache during query-intensive periods. However, supporting an elastic key-value store involves many challenges, including selecting an appropriate indexing scheme, data migration upon elastic resource provisioning, and optimizations to remove certain overheads in the Cloud. This paper focuses on the design of an elastic key-value store. We consider three ubiquitous methods for indexing: B <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> -Trees, Extendible Hashing, and Bloom Filters, and we show how these schemes can be modified to exploit elasticity in Clouds. We also evaluate various performance aspects associated with the use of these indexing schemes. Furthermore, we have developed a heuristic to request elastic compute resources for expanding the cache such that instance startup overheads are minimized in our scheme. Our evaluation studies show that the index selection depends on various application and system level parameters that we have identified. And while we confirm that B <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> -Trees, which pervade many of today's key-value systems, would scale well, we showcases when Extendible Hashing would outperform B <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> -Trees.
Autologous adipose stem cells and polylactide discs in the replacement of the rabbit temporomandibular joint disc (2013)

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc lacks functional replacement after discectomy. We investigated tissue-engineered bilayer polylactide (PLA) discs and autologous adipose stem cells (ASCs) as a potential replacement for the TMJ disc. These ASC discs were pre-cultured either in control or in differentiation medium, including transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 for one week. Prior to implantation, expression of fibrocartilaginous genes was measured by qRT-PCR. The control and differentiated ASC discs were implanted, respectively, in the right and left TMJs of rabbits for six (n = 5) and 12 months (n = 5). Thereafter, the excised TMJ areas were examined with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and histology. No signs of infection, inflammation or foreign body reactions were detected at histology, whereas chronic arthrosis and considerable condylar hypertrophy were observed in all operated joints at CBCT. The left condyle treated with the differentiated ASC discs appeared consistently smoother and more sclerotic than the right condyle. The ASC disc replacement resulted in dislocation and morphological changes in the rabbit TMJ. The ASC discs pre-treated with TGF-β1 enhanced the condylar integrity. While adverse tissue reactions were not shown, the authors suggest that with improved attachment and design, the PLA disc and biomaterial itself would hold potential for TMJ disc replacement.
Chemical synthesis of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-(.alpha.-L-fucopyranosyl)-3-O-(.beta.-D-galactopyranosyl)-D-glucose. Lewis a blood-group antigenic determinant (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical synthesis of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-(.alpha.-L-fucopyranosyl)-3-O-(.beta.-D-galactopyranosyl)-D-glucose. Lewis a blood-group antigenic determinantR. U. Lemieux and H. DriguezCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 14, 4063–4069Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00847a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00847a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views815Altmetric-Citations211LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Optical Properties of (Oxy)Nitride Materials: A Review (2013)

(Oxy)nitride materials, consisting mainly of transition metal and ionic‐covalent (oxy)nitrides, show a vast number of interesting physical and chemical properties due to their substantial structural diversity. The optical properties of these (oxy)nitrides, in combination with their excellent mechanical strength, thermal properties, and chemical stability, enable (oxy)nitrides to be used in a variety of industrial fields, such as photovoltaic, photothermal, photocatalytic, pigment, lighting and display, optoelectronic, and defense industries. The optical properties are extremely related to the electronic band structure of (oxy)nitrides, and can be varied significantly by changing the chemical composition (e.g., the oxygen to nitrogen ratio) and preparation/processing conditions. This article overviews the optical properties (including refractive index, reflectance, absorbance, band gap, photoluminescence, and transmittance) of (oxy)nitride materials that are in the form of thin films, powders, or bulk ceramics, and highlights their applications as antireflection coatings, solar spectral selectivity coatings, visible‐light‐driven photocatalysts, ecological pigments, phosphors for light‐emitting diodes, and transparent window materials.
An effective and rapid localization algorithm of pupil center based on Starburst model (2016)

Starburst algorithm that combines feature-based and model-based approaches, can achieve a good tradeoff between run-time performance and accuracy for dark-pupil infrared illumination. On this basis, eye images are preprocessed using AdaBoost classifier to extract region of interest which contains pupil in this paper. Thus, we can ensure that the start point of Starburst model is located within pupil region, reducing the number of iterations of the algorithm. Meanwhile, reflection points are detected and filled effectively, eliminating interference points. At last, high density connected region clustering is used for the non-continuous edge feature points, and the ellipse fitting parameters are optimized to improve the accuracy of the pupil center localization. Finally, the effectiveness and rapidity of the algorithm proposed in this paper is validated through experiments.
Evaluating Bayesian Deep Learning Methods for Semantic Segmentation (2018)

Deep learning has been revolutionary for computer vision and semantic segmentation in particular, with Bayesian Deep Learning (BDL) used to obtain uncertainty maps from deep models when predicting semantic classes. This information is critical when using semantic segmentation for autonomous driving for example. Standard semantic segmentation systems have well-established evaluation metrics. However, with BDL's rising popularity in computer vision we require new metrics to evaluate whether a BDL method produces better uncertainty estimates than another method. In this work we propose three such metrics to evaluate BDL models designed specifically for the task of semantic segmentation. We modify DeepLab-v3+, one of the state-of-the-art deep neural networks, and create its Bayesian counterpart using MC dropout and Concrete dropout as inference techniques. We then compare and test these two inference techniques on the well-known Cityscapes dataset using our suggested metrics. Our results provide new benchmarks for researchers to compare and evaluate their improved uncertainty quantification in pursuit of safer semantic segmentation.
Modeling and Separation–Detection Methods to Evaluate the Speciation of Metals for Toxicity Assessment (2006)

There is an increasing appreciation for the importance of speciation in the assessment of metal toxicity. In this review, two approaches to speciation are discussed, with an emphasis on their application to biological samples. One approach is the direct separation and detection of metal species of toxicological interest. Various "hyphenated" techniques, consisting of a chromatographic system coupled to inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), are discussed. The chromatographic strategies employed for separation emphasize liquid chromatography (LC), but the increasing use of gas chromatography (GC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) in speciation analysis is discussed. The second approach to speciation is the use of computer models to calculate the speciation of a metal ion within a complex mixture of ligands. This approach is applicable to systems in which the metal cation exchanges ligands rapidly, so that the sample represents an equilibrium mixture of metal complexes. These computational models are based on the equilibrium constants for the metal complexes and a series of mass balance equations and give the distribution of metal complexes in the original sample. This approach is illustrated using the speciation of Al(III) in serum as an example.
Temperature dependence of fluorescence of crude oils and related compounds (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTemperature dependence of fluorescence of crude oils and related compoundsYifu Zhu and Oliver C. MullinsCite this: Energy Fuels 1992, 6, 5, 545–552Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef00035a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00035a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views335Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Epitope mapping of spontaneous autoantibodies to anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) in non-small cell lung cancer (2017)

The anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is recognized by the immune system as a tumor antigen, and preclinical evidence suggests that ALK-rearranged NSCLCs can also be successfully targeted immunologically using vaccine-based approaches. In contrast to ALK-rearranged lymphomas, the frequency and clinical significance of spontaneous ALK immune responses in patients with ALK-rearranged NSCLCs are largely unknown. We developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure anti-ALK antibody levels and mapped specific peptide epitope sequences within the ALK cytoplasmic domain in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The ELISA method showed good correlation with ALK antibody titers measured with a standard immunocytochemical approach. Strong anti-ALK antibody responses were detected in 9 of 53 (17.0%) ALK-positive NSCLC patients and in 0 of 38 (0%) ALK-negative NSCLC patients (P<0.01), and the mean antibody levels were significantly higher in ALK-positive than in ALK-negative NSCLC patients (P=0.02). Across individual patients, autoantibodies recognized different epitopes in the ALK cytoplasmic domain, most of which clustered outside the tyrosine kinase domain. Whether the presence of high ALK autoantibody levels confers a more favorable prognosis in this patient population warrants further investigation.
Rifampin markedly decreases plasma concentrations of praziquantel in healthy volunteers (2002)

Rifampin greatly decreased plasma concentrations of single and multiple oral doses of praziquantel to levels lower than that of the minimum therapeutic concentration. Because praziquantel and rifampin are widely used in the treatment of liver flukes (Opisthorchis viverrini) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, respectively, in Thailand and in some other countries in southeast Asia, the possibility of one drug influencing the pharmacokinetics of the other must be considered. Therefore simultaneous use of rifampin and praziquantel must be avoided in medical practice to optimize the therapeutic efficacy of praziquantel.
Pentafluorophenyl Sulfonate Ester as a Protecting Group for the Preparation of Biaryl- and Heterobiaryl Sulfonate Esters (2005)

The use of the pentafluorophenyl (PFP) group as a sulfonic acid protecting group has allowed the synthesis of new biaryl- and heterobiaryl-PFP-sulfonate esters by use of the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction. The successful employment of a novel inorganic base, anhydrous sodium tetraborate, was crucial to give the products in excellent yields. The PFP-sulfonate ester has been previously shown to be an excellent alternative to sulfonyl chlorides in the synthesis of sulfonamides. [structure: see text]
Responses of horses to trailer design, duration, and floor area during commercial transportation to slaughter. (1999)

Nine trailer loads of horses (n = 306) transported to slaughter facilities with distances ranging 596 to 2,496 km were studied to characterize the type of horses used in commercial markets and the physiological responses and number of injuries due to transportation under summer environmental conditions. Slaughter horse candidates were middle-aged (11.4+/-.4 yr), possessed moderately fleshy body condition, weighed 432+/-3.3 kg, and were of Quarter Horse or Thoroughbred breeding. The mean weight loss during commercial transport was 4%. The percentage of injured horses was greater (P < .05) for two-tiered "pot-belly" (29.2%) compared with straight-deck (8.0%) trailers; however, the stress indicators of cortisol and neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio and rectal temperature showed greater (P < .05) responses following transport in straight-deck trailers. As trip duration increased from 5 h 45 min to 30 h, muscle fatigue (lactate concentration) and dehydration (hematocrit and total protein concentration) were the major physiological considerations, especially in durations over 27 h. The percentage of horses injured was less (P < .05) in trailers with 1.14 to 1.31 m2 of floor area per horse than in trailers with 1.40 to 1.54 m2 of floor area per horse. However, most physiological responses (white blood cell count, total protein concentration, and neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio) to transportation were less (P < .05) in horses provided with the greater floor area.
Direct PSF estimation using a random noise target (2009)

Conventional point spread function (PSF) measurement methods often use parametric models for the estimation of the PSF. This limits the shape of the PSF to a specific form provided by the model. However, there are unconventional imaging systems like multispectral cameras with optical bandpass filters, which produce an, e.g., unsymmetric PSF. To estimate such PSFs we have developed a new measurement method utilizing a random noise test target with markers: After acquisition of this target, a synthetic prototype of the test target is geometrically transformed to match the acquired image with respect to its geometric alignment. This allows us to estimate the PSF by direct comparison between prototype and image. The noise target allows us to evaluate all frequencies due to the approximately "white" spectrum of the test target - we are not limited to a specifically shaped PSF. The registration of the prototype pattern gives us the opportunity to take the specific spectrum into account and not just a "white" spectrum, which might be a weak assumption in small image regions. Based on the PSF measurement, we perform a deconvolution. We present comprehensive results for the PSF estimation using our multispectral camera and provide deconvolution results.