gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Combining link and content for community detection (2009)

In this paper, we consider the problem of combining link and content analysis for community detection from networked data, such as paper citation networks and Word Wide Web. Most existing approaches combine link and content information by a generative model that generates both links and contents via a shared set of community memberships. These generative models have some shortcomings in that they failed to consider additional factors that could affect the community memberships and isolate the contents that are irrelevant to community memberships. To explicitly address these shortcomings, we propose a discriminative model for combining the link and content analysis for community detection. First, we propose a conditional model for link analysis and in the model, we introduce hidden variables to explicitly model the popularity of nodes. Second, to alleviate the impact of irrelevant content attributes, we develop a discriminative model for content analysis. These two models are unified seamlessly via the community memberships. We present efficient algorithms to solve the related optimization problems based on bound optimization and alternating projection. Extensive experiments with benchmark data sets show that the proposed framework significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches for combining link and content analysis for community detection.
Finding causes of program output with the Java Whyline (2009)

Debugging and diagnostic tools are some of the most important software development tools, but most expect developers choose the right code to inspect. Unfortunately, this rarely occurs. A new tool called the Whyline is described which avoids such speculation by allowing developers to select questions about a program's output. The tool then helps developers work backwards from output to its causes. The prototype, which supports Java programs, was evaluated in an experiment in which participants investigated two real bug reports from an open source project using either the Whyline or a breakpoint debugger. Whyline users were successful about three times as often and about twice as fast compared to the control group, and were extremely positive about the tool's ability to simplify diagnostic tasks in software development work.
TNFalpha and IL-10 Gene Polymorphisms in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Association of -1082 AA Low Producer IL-10 Genotype with Steroid Dependency (2006)

The main conclusion is that carriage of the -1082 AA IL-10 genotype (low producer) is a relevant risk factor for developing steroid-dependent IBD.
Application of computational methods to the design of large turbofanengine nacelles (1984)

The aerodynamic design of a modern high bypass ratio turbofan engine nacelle for a commercial transport involves the extensive use of a variety of computational methods. This is distinctly different from common practice only 10-12 years ago. Although many of the computational methods and computer codes were basically in place and, indeed, had been in place for some years before that, the tendency was to utilize them relatively little in selecting a design. Their use by the design community was often limited to analyzing configurations after problems in the selected designs had become apparent. As time progressed, the quality of the computer codes and their documentation improved,computation costs decreased, and the codes began to be used by designers as opposed to being used only by the code developers. As this happened, the transition from a design process dominated by aerodynamic testing to one that at least screened potential configurations using computational methods took place rather quickly. Over this period of time, a new generation of transport aircraft, engines, and their nacelles was developed and put into revenue service. The influence of computational methods
Reaction-intermediate analogue binding by ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase causes specific changes in proteolytic sensitivity: the amino-terminal residue of the large subunit is acetylated proline. (1988)

Trypsin rapidly inactivated the catalytic activities of spinach ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase [3-phospho-D-glycerate carboxy-lyase (dimerizing), EC 4.1.1.39], but the stoichiometry of binding of the reaction-intermediate analogue carboxyarabinitol bisphosphate was only slightly reduced after proteolysis. Electrophoretic analysis indicated that several forms of the large subunit were generated during proteolysis but that the small subunit was resistant. Three tryptic peptides were isolated and characterized after digestion of the activated enzyme; the tryptic-sensitive sites were identified at Lys-8, Lys-14, and Lys-466 of the large subunit. Tryptic digestion of the enzyme complexed with the reaction-intermediate analogue released only two peptides by hydrolysis at Lys-8 and at Lys-14. The loss of susceptibility of Lys-466 to trypsin may be the result of a conformational change that limits the accessibility of the carboxyl-terminal region after binding of the reaction-intermediate analogue. Analysis of the amino-terminal tryptic peptide by composition and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry demonstrated that the actual amino-terminal residue is proline at position 3 of the DNA-deduced sequence and that this proline is blocked with an N-acetyl moiety. Thus, posttranslational processing of the chloroplast-encoded large subunit of the enzyme must occur to remove Met-1 and Ser-2 and to acetylate the amino terminus.
High expression of stratifin is a universal abnormality during the course of malignant progression of early‐stage lung adenocarcinoma (2011)

Adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) of the lung has an extremely favorable prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate of 100%. However, early invasive adenocarcinoma (EIA) often has a fatal outcome. In this study, we compared the expression profiles of AIS with those of EIA showing lymph node metastasis or a fatal outcome, and screened the differentially expressed genes by cDNA microarray. From the genes selected, we focused on Stratifin (SFN, 14-3-3 σ), which showed significantly higher expression in EIA than in AIS. Immunohistochemistry for SFN revealed that more than 95% of EIAs were immunopositive for SFN, in comparison to only 13% of AISs (p <0.05). Interestingly, positivity was detected not only in the invasive region but also in the in situ spreading component of EIA. Functionally, SFN facilitates the cell proliferation capacity of lung adenocarcinoma. These results indicate that SFN overexpression is a universal abnormality during the stepwise progression from in situ to invasive adenocarcinoma of the lung.
Gold-Induced Pulmonary Disease: Clinical Features, Outcome, and Differentiation From Rheumatoid Lung Disease (1997)

Gold-induced pulmonary disease is difficult to diagnose, especially, in the case in which interstitial pneumonia appears in the course of gold therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. We analyzed the literature to define the clinical features and prognosis of gold-induced pulmonary disease, and to identify those features that distinguish gold-induced pulmonary disease from pulmonary disease secondary to the underlying disease process of rheumatoid arthritis. Relevant articles from the medical literature were identified using a Mediline search, and the bibliographies of the articles were retrieved. These works were critically reviewed for information on the clinical, physiologic, radiographic, pathologic, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) findings. A total of 140 cases of gold-induced pulmonary disease were identified from 110 reports. In 81% of the patients, gold was being used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, bronchial asthma (6%), pemphigus (5%), or other processes (9%). Side effects other than pulmonary toxicity were common, and included skin rash (38%), peripheral eosinophilia (38%), liver dysfunction (15%), and proteinuria (22%). Only the presence of pemphigus or liver dysfunction correlated with a bad prognosis. Gold-induced pulmonary disease most often followed improvement in rheumatoid arthritis, presumably induced by gold therapy. BAL lymphocytosis and computed tomography (CT) scan findings are useful in making a diagnosis of gold-induced pulmonary disease in an appropriate clinical setting. Features that distinguish gold-induced pulmonary disease from rheumatoid lung disease include female predominance, presence of fever or skin rash, absence of subcutaneous nodules or finger clubbing, low titers of rheumatoid factor at onset of lung disease, lymphocytosis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and alveolar opacities along the bronchovascular bundles on chest CT scan. Gold-induced lung disease is a distinct entity that can be distinguished from rheumatoid lung disease. It usually improves with cessation of therapy or treatment with corticosteriods.
Shh-dependent differentiation of intestinal tissue from embryonic pancreas by activin A (2004)

The pancreas develops from the endoderm to give rise to ducts, acini and islets of Langerhans. This process involves extracellular signals of the Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGFbeta) family. The aim of this work was to study the effects of activin A, a member of this family, whose potential role in pancreas differentiation is controversial. To this end, we used pancreatic explants from E12.5 mouse embryos. In culture these explants exhibited spontaneous growth, epithelial morphogenesis and endocrine and exocrine differentiation. Exposure to activin A did not affect exocrine or endocrine differentiation. Surprisingly, activin A induced in the explants the appearance of a large contractile structure surrounded by a cylindrical epithelium, a thick basal lamina and a smooth muscle layer. This structure, the formation of which was prevented by follistatin, was typical of an intestinal wall. Consistent with this interpretation, activin A rapidly induced in the explants the mRNAs for fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs), which are markers of the intestine, but not of the pancreas. We also found that induction of the FABPs was preceded by induction of Sonic hedgehog (Shh), a known inducer of intestinal differentiation in the endoderm. Activin B induced neither Shh nor intestinal differentiation. The activin A-mediated intestinal differentiation was blocked by cyclopamine, an inhibitor of Hedgehog signaling, and it was mimicked by Shh. We conclude that activin A does not appear to affect the exocrine or endocrine components of the pancreas, but that it can promote differentiation of pancreatic tissue into intestine via a Shh-dependent mechanism. These findings illustrate the plasticity of differentiation programs in response to extracellular signals in the pancreas and they shed new light on the regulation of pancreas and intestinal development.
Tenogenesis of Equine Peripheral Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: In vitro Versus In vivo (2012)

Background: Tendon injuries are a major cause of orthopaedic injuries, and often compromise the return to the same performance level. Therefore, different regenerative therapies, such as Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) and Platelet-rich Plasma (PRP) have been explored to improve tendon healing in horses. However, ectopic bone formation of undifferentiated cells is a major concern, because of reports of this phenomenon, after intralesional injections of MSCs in rabbit Achilles tendons.
An automatically designed 32b CMOS VLSI processor (1982)

A 32b CMOS VLSI processor chip designed automatically, including 17K gates of random logic and 2304b RAM will be described. Silicon gate technology offers an average loaded propagation delay of 1.6ns/gate using 2μm design rules.
Cure monitoring through time–frequency analysis of guided ultrasonic waves (2012)

Cure monitoring has received considerable interest for industrial applications that use thermosetting resins and advanced composites. In these applications, the degree of curing is critical for the structures’ high quality and performance. This paper demonstrates the excitation of Lamb waves with low profile surface mounted piezoelectric transducers for the characterisation of symmetric composite laminates at different cure levels. The response signals were processed by extracting their instantaneous characteristics through ensemble empirical mode decomposition. The paper investigates the potential benefit from the use of piezoelectric transducers, which could monitor the life cycle of complex composite structures from the early manufacturing stages to the later aging stages. In these stages, structural monitoring is essential for the prevention of possible catastrophic damage. The response signals successfully captured the different cure levels, and the employed analysis showed good agreement with the increasing cure degree.
Application of Quantum Dots in Biological Detection (2014)

During the past ten years, the application of semiconductor nanocrystal material-quantum dots has displayed an increased tendency in scientific and industrial production fields, and a broad research is developed from materials science to biological applications. The application of quantum dots has substantially impacted on many research areas, such as biological imaging, phototherapy, drug/gene delivery, and solar cell. It is a key point to control the interactions between quantum dots and cell through adjusting surface properties of quantum dots. As the potential cytotoxicity of quantum dots arise, nanotoxicity becomes an important indicator of nanomaterials security assessment, and scientists pay more attention to the research of their potential toxicity. In this review we overviewed the properties of quantum dots, the applications in cell biology and the cytotoxicity research in biomedicine related field. Moreover, the future prospects for applications of quantum dots were briefly presented.
Aggregation induced emission-based fluorescent nanoparticles: fabrication methodologies and biomedical applications (2014)

Novel fluorescent nanoparticle (FNP)-based bioprobes are expected to generate new medical diagnostic techniques in biomedical and biological areas for their superior brightness and photostability compared with conventional molecular probes including small organic dyes and fluorescent proteins. Potentially interesting nanoscale platforms for various biomedical applications are greatly attractive due to the potential to avoid exposure of human tissues to toxic drugs, enhancing delivery of hydrophobic therapeutics and fabricating multifunctional imaging, targeting and delivery system. In this review, recent progress in the area of novel aggregation induced emission (AIE)-based FNPs is summarized over the past few years (2007-2013), and the reported fabrication methodologies of these fluorescent systems including non-covalent and covalent strategies are mainly discussed, and the biomedical applications of AIE-based FNPs are also summarized.
Detonation Length Scales for Fuel-Air Explosives (1985)

This paper reports on a series of large-scale field experiments performed to measure the critical tube diameters and detonation cell sizes for fuel-air mixtures. The results for ethylene-air reported previously are extended to include results for acetylene-, ethane-, propane- and methane-air for tube diameters up to 1.83 m. Detonation cell sizes of about 280 mm are obtained for stoichiometric methane-air mixtures. Based on the results of this investigation and results from other investigations, proposed relations between the critical initiation energy (Ec), the critical tube diameter (dc) and the detonation cell size (S), are examined. Although, the empirical relation dc = 13S appears to provide a good correlation for much of the data, the usefulness of this relation for predicting the detonation behavior in less sensitive fuel-air mixtures is questioned. For these less sensitive mixtures, the cellular structure is highly irregular with many modes of cellular patterns, so that the identification of a dominant mode is subject to considerable interpretation. The relations of the critical tube diameter, the cell size and the critical explosion
The cytoplasmic helical linker domain of receptor histidine kinase and methyl-accepting proteins is common to many prokaryotic signalling proteins (1999)

Mutations in the cytoplasmic linker regions of receptor histidine kinase and chemoreceptor proteins have been shown previously to significantly impair receptor functions. Here we demonstrate significant sequence similarities between these regions in numerous histidine kinases, methyl-accepting proteins, adenylyl cyclases and other prokaryotic signalling proteins. It is suggested that these 'HAMP domains' possess roles of regulating the phosphorylation or methylation of homodimeric receptors by transmitting the conformational changes in periplasmic ligand-binding domains to cytoplasmic signalling kinase and methyl-acceptor domains.
Discrete Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) Thin-Film Interdigital Varactors on Alumina: Design, Fabrication, Characterization, and Applications (2006)

Discrete Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) thin-film capacitors in industry standard 0603 footprint are introduced and characterized. BST capacitors have a voltage-dependent permittivity, enabling BST thin-film capacitors to be used as tuning elements in frequency agile devices. The capacitance changed by 1.5: 1 at 35 V (116 kV/cm) bias. The temperature dependence of the capacitance was measured to be less than ± 20 % from -100°C to +100°C. A 2nd-order tunable combline bandpass filter on FR4 substrate has been implemented using the discrete BST varactors. The filter showed a center frequency tuning of 22% from 2.14 GHz to 2.61 GHz upon application of 130 V (433 kV/cm) bias. The zero-bias insertion loss was 4.9 dB which decreased to 2.9 dB at the high bias state. The return loss was better than 11 dB over the tuning range. Nonlinear characterization of the filter using two-tone test and a digitally-modulated CDMA 2000 signal showed an IP3 of +32 dBm and an ACPR of better than -50 dBc up to 26 dBm of input power, respectively.
Personality and Coping (2009)

Personality psychology addresses views of human nature and individual differences. Biological and goal-based views of human nature provide an especially useful basis for construing coping; the five-factor model of traits adds a useful set of individual differences. Coping-responses to adversity and to the distress that results-is categorized in many ways. Meta-analyses link optimism, extraversion, conscientiousness, and openness to more engagement coping; neuroticism to more disengagement coping; and optimism, conscientiousness, and agreeableness to less disengagement coping. Relations of traits to specific coping responses reveal a more nuanced picture. Several moderators of these associations also emerge: age, stressor severity, and temporal proximity between the coping activity and the coping report. Personality and coping play both independent and interactive roles in influencing physical and mental health. Recommendations are presented for ways future research can expand on the growing understanding of how personality and coping shape adjustment to stress.
People: Towards the Global Meritocracy (1989)

The relevant chapter in Excellence in Banking waxed rhapsodically about the care and feeding of human resources: senior management commitment to recruitment and training, strong communications, recruiting the best and brightest, moving people around to broaden their vision and improve communication, and a reward structure that reflected cultural goals as well as performance.
Effect of Chlorides on Solution Corrosivity of Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) Solutions (1997)

Abstract Solution corrosivity of MDEA/water solutions containing added HCl or NaCl have been measured by weight loss coupons at 250°F and by linear polarization resistance (LPR) at 208°F using carbon steel, 304SS, 316SS and 410SS. General corrosion as well as pitting or crevice corrosion tendencies were recorded for each species. Based on these results, recommendations are made for chlorides in MDEA that minimizes corrosion in gas treating operations.
Evidence of Ultrashort Electron Bunches in Laser-Plasma Interactions at Relativistic Intensities (2003)

The second harmonic of the laser light (2omega(0)) is observed on the rear side of thick solid targets irradiated by a laser beam at relativistic intensities. This emission is explained by the acceleration by the laser pulse in front of the target of short bunches of electrons separated by the period (or half the period) of the laser light. When reaching the rear side of the target, these electron bunches emit coherent transition radiation at 2omega(0). The observations indicate that, in our conditions, the minimum fraction of the laser energy transferred to these electron bunches is of the order of 1%.
Lower Extremity Range of Motion in the Recreational Sport Runner (1994)

The purposes of this study in the recreational runner were to describe and compare lower extremity sagittal range of motion and vertical body displacement for slow and fast paces during treadmill and overground running, and to compare timing of the running phases at the two paces. Vertical displacement of the body, and flexion and extension of the hip, knee, and ankle were measured with a motion analysis system at 200 hertz as the subjects self-selected the two paces. No statistically significant differences were seen when comparing sagittal motion on a treadmill with overground running. Statistically more vertical displacement during overground running was recorded when compared with treadmill running. Peak vertical force was near midstance when the ankle, knee, and hip approached maximum flexion. Results demonstrated that during a slow pace the approximate arcs of motion were: ankle, 50 degrees; knee, 95 degrees; and hip, 40 degrees. During running at a fast pace, the hip required more extension in early swing; the hip and knee required more flexion in middle and late swings. The fact that ankle motion did not change with the different speeds gave credence to the belief that push-off, or toe-off, is not the source of power in running.
A 23-ns 1-Mb BiCMOS DRAM (1990)

A 1-Mb BiCMOS DRAM having a 23-ns access time is described. The DRAM uses a direct sensing technique and a nonaddress-multiplexing configuration. This technique combines the NMOS differential circuit on each pair of data lines with a common highly sensitive bipolar circuit. The resulting chip has been verified to have high-speed characteristics while maintaining a wide operating margin and a relatively small chip size of 62.2 mm/sup 2/, in spite of a 1.3- mu m lithography level.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Reduced Retinal Neovascularization, Vascular Permeability, and Apoptosis in Ischemic Retinopathy in the Absence of Prolyl Hydroxylase-1 Due to the Prevention of Hyperoxia-Induced Vascular Obliteration (2011)

PHD1 deficiency is associated with a reduction of ischemia-induced retinal NV. The regulatory mechanism in this model appears to be: PHD1 depletion prevents HIF-1α degradation in hyperoxia, which induces VEGF, thus preventing hyperoxia-related vessel loss. Without a vessel deficiency, there would not be relative hypoxia when the mice are returned to room air and there would be no need to initiate angiogenesis signaling. Blocking PHD1 may be beneficial for ischemic retinopathies and inflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders.