gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Online Diverse Learning to Rank from Partial-Click Feedback (2018)

Learning to rank is an important problem in machine learning and recommender systems. In a recommender system, a user is typically recommended a list of items. Since the user is unlikely to examine the entire recommended list, partial feedback arises naturally. At the same time, diverse recommendations are important because it is challenging to model all tastes of the user in practice. In this paper, we propose the first algorithm for online learning to rank diverse items from partial-click feedback. We assume that the user examines the list of recommended items until the user is attracted by an item, which is clicked, and does not examine the rest of the items. This model of user behavior is known as the cascade model. We propose an online learning algorithm, cascadelsb, for solving our problem. The algorithm actively explores the tastes of the user with the objective of learning to recommend the optimal diverse list. We analyze the algorithm and prove a gap-free upper bound on its n-step regret. We evaluate cascadelsb on both synthetic and real-world datasets, compare it to various baselines, and show that it learns even when our modeling assumptions do not hold exactly.
A New Component Approach to Efficiency Normalization for 3D PET (2007)

Efficiency normalization corrects the non-uniform response of the 3D PET detector due to the scanner's geometry, non-uniformity of the crystals, and gain variation in the photomultiplier tubes. In reviewing the literature, most component approaches to detector efficiency normalization are applied to the block design ring scanner. In this paper, we propose a new component normalization method for Philips' non-block design ring scanner, where the normalization mainly consists of two components, the crystal efficiency and the detector geometry. The derivation is based on the physics model of the measured data, along with a wheel-sum assumption, so that the crystal efficiency is separated from the model and both terms are estimated independently. The crystal efficiency is calibrated using a uniform cylinder phantom. A minimum least-square estimation method is used to smooth the noisy crystal efficiency. The detector geometry is calibrated using a stationary uniform plane phantom, since it is independent of the projection ray's azimuthal angle. The result is then applied with a radial solid angle correction to compensate for the unusual geometry of the plane source. Finally, this technique is validated using a uniform cylinder phantom reconstruction along with scatter and attenuation correction
Glycosyl phosphatidylinositol--anchored T-cadherin mediates calcium-dependent, homophilic cell adhesion. (1992)

Cadherins are a family of cell adhesion molecules that exhibit calcium-dependent, homophilic binding. Their function depends on both an HisAlaVal sequence in the first extracellular domain, EC1, and the interaction of a conserved cytoplasmic region with intracellular proteins. T-cadherin is an unusual member of the cadherin family that lacks the HisAlaVal motif and is anchored to the membrane through a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol moiety (Ranscht, B., and M. T. Dours-Zimmermann. 1991. Neuron. 7:391-402). To assay the function of T-cadherin in cell adhesion, we have transfected T-cadherin cDNA into CHO cells. Two proteins, mature T-cadherin and the uncleaved T-cadherin precursor, were produced from T-cadherin cDNA. The T-cadherin proteins differed from classical cadherins in several aspects. First, the uncleaved T-cadherin precursor was expressed, together with mature T-cadherin, on the surface of the transfected cells. Second, in the absence of calcium, T-cadherin was more resistant to proteolytic cleavage than other cadherins. Lastly, in contrast to classical cadherins, T-cadherin was not concentrated into cell-cell contacts between transfected cells in monolayer cultures. In cellular aggregation assays, T-cadherin induced calcium-dependent, homophilic adhesion which was abolished by treatment of T-cadherin-transfected cells with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C. These results demonstrate that T-cadherin is a functional cadherin that differs in several properties from classical cadherins. The function of T-cadherin in homophilic cell recognition implies that the mechanism of T-cadherin-induced adhesion is distinct from that of classical cadherins.
Hybrid Manufacturing: Integrating Direct Write and Stereolithography (2005)

A commercial stereolithography (SL) machine was modified to integrate fluid dispensing or direct-write (DW) technology with SL in an integrated manufacturing environment for automated and efficient hybrid manufacturing of complex electrical devices, combining threedimensional (3D) electrical circuitry with SL-manufactured parts. The modified SL system operates similarly to a commercially available machine, although build interrupts were used to stop and start the SL build while depositing fluid using the DW system. An additional linear encoder was attached to the SL platform z-stage and used to maintain accurate part registration during the SL and DW build processes. Individual STL files were required as part of the manufacturing process plan. The DW system employed a three-axis translation mechanism that was integrated with the commercial SL machine. Registration between the SL part, SL laser and the DW nozzle was maintained through the use of 0.025-inch diameter cylindrical reference holes manufactured in the part during SL. After depositing conductive ink using DW, the SL laser was commanded to trace the profile until the ink was cured. The current system allows for easy exchange between SL and DW in order to manufacture fully functional 3D electrical circuits and structures in a semi-automated environment. To demonstrate the manufacturing capabilities, the hybrid SL/DW setup was used to make a simple multi-layer SL part with embedded circuitry. This hybrid system is not intended to function as a commercial system, it is intended for experimental demonstration only. This hybrid SL/DW system has the potential for manufacturing fully functional electromechanical devices that are more compact, less expensive, and more reliable than their conventional predecessors, and work is ongoing in order to fully automate the current system.
RNA Interference-Directed Knockdown of Urokinase Plasminogen Activator and Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor Inhibits Prostate Cancer Cell Invasion, Survival, and Tumorigenicity In Vivo (2006)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological survey1 May 2006RNA Interference-Directed Knockdown of Urokinase Plasminogen Activator and Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor Inhibits Prostate Cancer Cell Invasion, Survival, and Tumorigenicity In Vivo S.M. Pulukuri, C.S. Gondi, S.S. Lakka, A. Jutla, N. Estes, M. Gujrati, and J.S. Rao S.M. PulukuriS.M. Pulukuri More articles by this author , C.S. GondiC.S. Gondi More articles by this author , S.S. LakkaS.S. Lakka More articles by this author , A. JutlaA. Jutla More articles by this author , N. EstesN. Estes More articles by this author , M. GujratiM. Gujrati More articles by this author , and J.S. RaoJ.S. Rao More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(06)00427-7AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "RNA Interference-Directed Knockdown of Urokinase Plasminogen Activator and Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor Inhibits Prostate Cancer Cell Invasion, Survival, and Tumorigenicity In Vivo." The Journal of Urology, 175(5), p. 1958 Department of Biomedical and Therapeutic Sciences (Program of Cancer Biology), University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, Illinois© 2006 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 175Issue 5May 2006Page: 1958 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2006 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information S.M. Pulukuri More articles by this author C.S. Gondi More articles by this author S.S. Lakka More articles by this author A. Jutla More articles by this author N. Estes More articles by this author M. Gujrati More articles by this author J.S. Rao More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Processing and Subcellular Trafficking of ER-Tethered EIN2 Control Response to Ethylene Gas (2012)

Ethylene gas is essential for many developmental processes and stress responses in plants. ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE2 (EIN2), an NRAMP-like integral membrane protein, plays an essential role in ethylene signaling, but its function remains enigmatic. Here we report that phosphorylation-regulated proteolytic processing of EIN2 triggers its endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-nucleus translocation. ER-tethered EIN2 shows CONSTITUTIVE TRIPLE RESPONSE1 (CTR1) kinase-dependent phosphorylation. Ethylene triggers dephosphorylation at several sites and proteolytic cleavage at one of these sites, resulting in nuclear translocation of a carboxyl-terminal EIN2 fragment (EIN2-C'). Mutations that mimic EIN2 dephosphorylation, or inactivate CTR1, show constitutive cleavage and nuclear localization of EIN2-C' and EIN3 and EIN3-LIKE1-dependent activation of ethylene responses. These findings uncover a mechanism of subcellular communication whereby ethylene stimulates phosphorylation-dependent cleavage and nuclear movement of the EIN2-C' peptide, linking hormone perception and signaling components in the ER with nuclear-localized transcriptional regulators.
<title>Intravenous volume tomographic pulmonary angiography imaging</title> (1999)

This study presents a new intravenous (IV) tomographic angiography imaging technique, called intravenous volume tomographic digital angiography (VTDA) for cross sectional pulmonary angiography. While the advantages of IV-VTDA over spiral CT in terms of volume scanning time and resolution have been validated and reported in our previous papers for head and neck vascular imaging, the superiority of IV-VTDA over spiral CT for cross sectional pulmonary angiography has not been explored yet. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the advantage of isotropic resolution of IV-VTDA in the x, y and z directions through phantom and animal studies, and to explore its clinical application for detecting clots in pulmonary angiography. A prototype image intensifier-based VTDA imaging system has been designed and constructed by modifying a GE 8800 CT scanner. This system was used for a series of phantom and dog studies. A pulmonary vascular phantom was designed and constructed. The phantom was scanned using the prototype VTDA system for direct 3D reconstruction. Then the same phantom was scanned using a GE CT/i spiral CT scanner using the routine pulmonary CT angiography protocols. IV contrast injection and volume scanning protocols were developed during the dog studies. Both VTDA reconstructed images and spiral CT images of the specially designed phantom were analyzed and compared. The detectability of simulated vessels and clots was assessed as the function of iodine concentration levels, oriented angles, and diameters of the vessels and clots. A set of 3D VTDA reconstruction images of dog pulmonary arteries was obtained with different IV injection rates and isotropic resolution in the x, y and z directions. The results of clot detection studies in dog pulmonary arteries have also been shown. This study presents a new tomographic IV angiography imaging technique for cross sectional pulmonary angiography. The results of phantom and animal studies indicate that IV-VTDA is superior to spiral CT for cross sectional pulmonary angiography.
Replacement of the DR alpha chain with the E alpha chain enhances presentation of Mycoplasma arthritidis superantigen by the human class II DR molecule (1995)

Mycoplasma arthritidis mitogen (MAM) is produced by an organism which can cause chronic proliferative arthritis in rodents. MAM possesses a typical superantigenic activity; it has the ability to activate a large panel of T cells which express specific V beta segments of the T-cell receptor. The presentation of MAM to T cells by antigen-presenting cells is mediated primarily through its binding to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II E alpha chain in mice and the DR alpha chain in humans. However, MAM is much less active for human peripheral blood lymphocytes than for mouse splenocytes. It was suggested that a difference in MAM binding affinity between human and mouse class II molecules may account for their different MAM activities. To examine this possibility, we generated a panel of B-cell transfectants whose DR molecule is composed of either the DR alpha or the E alpha chain paired with a DR3 beta chain. The ability of these transfectants to present MAM to human peripheral T cells was analyzed. Our data show that transfectants expressing E alpha DR beta chimeric molecules have higher MAM-presenting activity than transfectants expressing wild-type DR alpha DR beta molecules, while the latter have higher activity in stimulating DR3-alloreactive T cells. Since both types of transfectants present MAM to T cells expressing the same T-cell receptor V beta gene families, the higher MAM-presenting activity of the E alpha transfectant is not due to its ability to interact with a different set of T cells. Furthermore, both the E alpha 1 and E alpha 2 domains contribute to this increased affinity for MAM binding. Taken together, our data suggest that there may be multiple MAM binding sites on the E alpha and DR alpha chains and residues unique to the E alpha chain may provide additional affinity for MAM.
Steady information transfer through free-space employing orthogonal aberration mode division multiplexing (2019)

In this paper we propose and experimentally demonstrate information transfer through free-space using a laser beam encoded with multiple orthogonal aberration modes in its phase profile. We use Zernike polynomials which forms a complete set of basis functions to represent the aberration modes. The user information is encoded as amplitudes of multiple Zernike modes whose linear combination is used to define the wavefront of the laser beam in the transmission station. It therefore requires a single phase modulating device since the multiplexing is done digitally providing flexibility over the number and type of modes used. The receiving station uses a wavefront sensor that gives a direct measure of all the aberration modes from a single measurement which is decoded to retrieve the user information. The transmission mechanism enables the use of multiple modes and multiple strengths of each mode to encode the user information and external perturbation compensation, utilizing the completeness of the orthogonal modes.
Development of EUV pellicle for suppression of contamination, haze, and outgas generation (2017)

In the existing DUV pellicle, haze generation risk on mask surface during DUV exposure exists due to the reaction of out gas in an exposure atmosphere. It is well known fact that outgas is generated not only from pellicle in itself but also by stray light being irradiated adhesive parts. As for EUV pellicle, problems of the exposure defect such as haze generation and reflectance reduction of mask will be anticipated because EUV has higher photon energy compared with DUV and diffusion of the outgas is promoted in high vacuum condition. In this study, similar to the pelliclized EUV mask structure was constructed by using the full-size EUV pellicle frame stacked on a base plate which has similar component of the EUV mask surface, and dummy plate placed on the membrane side of the frame. Contamination growth behavior was examined by irradiating the EUV light to the base plate inside pellicle via EUV transparent membrane on dummy plate. Adhesion of the contamination on base plate was observed in EUV irradiation area in the case of the pellicle sample using commercially available adhesive as the mask adhesive. So, general commercially available adhesives will not be suitable for mask adhesive of pellicle. We found that generation of the contamination was not observed for pellicle sample with coated adhesive materials as the mask adhesive, which has both outgas suppressing and EUV light screening function. Coated adhesives for mask adhesive of pellicle, which keep the adhesive properties, will be suitable for fixing method to suppress the contamination growth during EUV exposure.
Multiresolution scene-based video watermarking using perceptual models (1998)

We present a watermarking procedure to embed copyright protection into digital video. Our watermarking procedure is scene-based and video dependent. It directly exploits spatial masking, frequency masking, and temporal properties to embed an invisible and robust watermark. The watermark consists of static and dynamic temporal components that are generated from a temporal wavelet transform of the video scenes. The resulting wavelet coefficient frames are modified by a perceptually shaped pseudorandom sequence representing the author. The noise-like watermark is statistically undetectable to thwart unauthorized removal. Furthermore, the author representation resolves the deadlock problem. The multiresolution watermark may be detected on single frames without knowledge of the location of the frames in the video scene. We demonstrate the robustness of the watermarking procedure to several video degradations and distortions.
Antiallergics: 3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-4H-pyrimido[2,1-b]benzothiazol-4-ones (1982)

A short series of the title compounds was prepared and evaluated for both antiallergic and bronchodilator activity. Members of the series exhibit good oral activity in the rat PCA test, the most potent being the parent compound, 3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-4H-pyrimido[2,1-b]benzothiazol-4-one, and its 8-chloro derivative. The latter two compounds are considerably more potent than either disodium chromoglycate or theophylline as antiallergic agents and also show significant bronchodilator activity.
Abstract 14559: Anti-Arrhythmic Effects of Exosomes Isolated From Cardiosphere-Derived Cells in Rats With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction (2022)

Introduction: Cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) reverse electrical remodeling and reduce inducible ventricular arrhythmias in rats with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Exosomes isolated from CDCs (CDCexo) have anti-arrhythmic effects in various animal models but have not been tested in models of HFpEF. Hypothesis: CDCexo, when given intravenously, reverse electrical remodeling and reduce spontaneous ventricular arrhythmias in rats with HFpEF. Methods: Dahl salt-sensitive rats were fed high-salt diet (containing 8% NaCl) to induce HFpEF from 7 weeks of age. Ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG) devices were implanted in the peritoneum at 13 weeks of age to monitor spontaneous ventricular arrhythmias. Exosomes were harvested from media conditioned by human CDCs after 48 hours of exposure to hypoxia. Echocardiogram-verified HFpEF rats (at 14 weeks of age) were injected via tail vein with human CDCexo (n=8) vs. vehicle (IMDM media, n=8) weekly for 4 weeks. ECG parameters and spontaneous development of ventricular arrhythmias were compared between the two groups. Results: QTc interval was reduced in CDCexo-injected HFpEF rats compared to vehicle-injected HFpEF rats (262±15 ms vs. 287±25 ms, p=0.0001). Two of the eight HFpEF rats injected with vehicle showed a maximal premature ventricular contraction (PVC) burden per minute of 50% while only one HFpEF rat injected with CDCexo manifested 25% maximal PVC burden per minute. Five of eight HFpEF rats injected with vehicle showed non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) while only one HFpEF rat infused with CDCexo developed non-sustained VT. One rat in the vehicle group undergoing telemetry monitoring died suddenly and the cause of death was sustained VT degenerating into ventricular fibrillation (VF). The number of VT/VF episodes per rat (including non-sustained VT and sustained VT/VF) was reduced in the CDCexo group compared to the vehicle group (0.4 [0-3] vs. 13 [0-56] episodes per rat, p=0.0443). Conclusions: CDCexo recapitulated the beneficial effects of CDCs in HFpEF rats: reversing electrical remodeling and reducing ventricular arrhythmias. More importantly, an intravenous delivery route was effective for CDCexo to confer their salutary effects to rats with HFpEF.
Smart Scribbles for Sketch Segmentation (2012)

Abstract We present ‘Smart Scribbles’—a new scribble‐based interface for user‐guided segmentation of digital sketchy drawings. In contrast to previous approaches based on simple selection strategies, Smart Scribbles exploits richer geometric and temporal information, resulting in a more intuitive segmentation interface. We introduce a novel energy minimization formulation in which both geometric and temporal information from digital input devices is used to define stroke‐to‐stroke and scribble‐to‐stroke relationships. Although the minimization of this energy is, in general, an NP‐hard problem, we use a simple heuristic that leads to a good approximation and permits an interactive system able to produce accurate labellings even for cluttered sketchy drawings. We demonstrate the power of our technique in several practical scenarios such as sketch editing, as‐rigid‐as‐possible deformation and registration, and on‐the‐fly labelling based on pre‐classified guidelines.
Assessment of risk for severe hypoglycemia among adults with IDDM: validation of the low blood glucose index. (1998)

LBGI provides an accurate assessment of risk of SH. In the traditional relationship history of SH-to-future SH, LBGI may be the missing link that reflects present risk. Because it is based on SMBG records automatically stored by many reflectance meters, the LBGI is an effective and clinically useful on-line indicator for SH risk.
Third‐Generation Security (UMTS) (2010)

The design work for third-generation (3G) security was based on the practical experiences with GSM security and, to a lesser extent, experiences with the security of other second-generation cellular systems. This chapter lists the security features and design principles that were identified as worth retaining in 3G systems. It describes UMTS authentication and key agreement protocol (UMTS AKA), and mentions cited literature for other uses of AKA. The chapter gives an overview and discusses the significant enhancements that UMTS AKA provides over the GSM authentication and key agreement protocol. It discusses some of the properties and prerequisites of UMTS AKA. The chapter ends with a discussion on network domain security (NDS) and its framework. Controlled Vocabulary Terms 3G mobile communication; communication system security; cryptography; GSM; message authentication