gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Induction of olefin metathesis by acetylenes (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInduction of olefin metathesis by acetylenesThomas J. Katz, Steven J. Lee, Mridula Nair, and Edward B. SavageCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 27, 7940–7942Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1980https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00547a025RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views238Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (411 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Vector quantization of affine motion models (1999)

This paper presents an efficient motion compensation algorithm for low bit rate video coding. The motion field is modelled as a block-segmented affine motion field. Affine motion parameter estimation and quantization are performed in one step by searching a static VQ codebook. The codebook is designed using a GLA-like algorithm to minimize the motion compensation error. Furthermore, variable block size is used to allow more flexible bit allocation between motion coding and prediction error coding. Simulations on various test sequences show 0.8-2.0 dB PSNR gain over H.263 with advanced prediction mode enabled.
Hybrid BiST solution for Analog to Digital Converters with low-cost Automatic Test Equipment compatibility (2009)

The cost of testing mixed signal circuitry with conventional analog-stimulus is significantly higher than digital circuitry due to higher cost automatic test equipment (ATE) required for generation of analog stimulus. Multiple variants of low cost testers have been developed for digital testing which rely on relaxed timing, power or tester channel requirements to lower hardware cost. Systems containing mixed-signal/RF components can thus not be tested on such ATE due to the cost and limitations of analog/RF stimulus and measurement modules. This paper proposes a hybrid BIST scheme for analog to digital converters (ADCs) to enable full production-quality testing with low cost ATE. The two major challenges addressed are generating the input stimulus, and a fully functional at-speed test to maintain the test quality of a pure analog ATE solution.
Hybrid Bits Offer Distinct Advantages in Selected Roller Cone and PDC Bit Applications (2010)

Abstract Early concepts of hybrid drill bits go back to the 1930's but the development of a viable drilling tool has only become feasible with the recent advances in polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutter technology. This paper describes a new generation of hybrid bits that are based on proven PDC bit designs with rolling cutters on the periphery of the bit. Laboratory and field results will be presented that compare the performance of hybrid bits with that of conventional PDC and roller cone bits. A hybrid bit can drill shale and other plastically behaving formations two to four times faster than a roller cone bit by being more aggressive and efficient. The penetration rate of a hybrid bit responds linearly to RPM unlike roller cone bits, which have an exponential response with an exponent of less than one. In other words, the hybrid bit will drill significantly faster in motor applications. Another benefit is the effect of the rolling cutters on bit dynamics. Compared to conventional PDC bits, torsional oscillations are as much as 50% lower; stick/slip is reduced at low revolutions per minute (RPM), and whirl at high RPM. This gives the hybrid bit a wider operating window and greatly improves toolface control in directional drilling. The hybrid drill bit is a highly application-specific drill bit aimed at 1) traditional roller cone applications that are rate-of-penetration (ROP) limited, 2) large diameter PDC and roller cone bit applications that are torque or weight-on-bit (WOB) limited, 3) highly interbedded formations where high torque fluctuations can cause premature failures and limit the mean operating torque, and 4) motor and/or directional applications where a higher rate of penetration and better build rates and toolface control are desired.
Voltage response of non-uniform arrays of bi-superconductive quantum interference devices (2012)

Multi-loop arrays of Josephson junctions (JJs) with non-uniform area distributions, which are known as superconducting quantum interference filters (SQIFs), are the most highly sensitive sensors of changes in applied magnetic field as well as the absolute magnitude of magnetic fields. The non-uniformity of the loop sizes allows the array to produce a unique collective voltage response that has a pronounced single peak with a large voltage swing around zero magnetic field. To obtain high linear dynamic range, which is critical for a wide variety of applications, the linearity of the slope of the anti-peak response must be improved. We propose a novel scheme for enhancing linearity—a new configuration combining the SQIF array concept with the recently introduced bi-superconductive quantum interference device (SQUID) configuration, in which each individual SQUID loop is made up of three JJs as opposed to using two JJs per loop in standard dc SQUIDs. We show, computationally, that the additional junction offers a viable linearization method for optimizing the voltage response and dynamic range of SQIF arrays. We have realized SQIF arrays based on bi-SQUID cells and present first experimental results.
Mutual synchronization of spin Hall oscillators: recent advances and perspectives (Conference Presentation) (2018)

Spin Hall nano-oscillator (SHNO) [1] devices hold great promise as extremely compact, broad-band, and versatile microwave oscillators and have unique opportunities for magnonic devices. SHNOs exhibit a strong nonlinearity, which increases their phase noise, but at the same time, strengthens their propensity for injection locking [2] to external sources, and ultimately the possibility of mutual synchronization. Here, we present the first experimental demonstration of the mutual synchronization of nano-constriction SHNOs [3] and the recent progress in the mutual synchronization of such devices. The mutual synchronization is observed both as a strong increase in the power and coherence of the electrically measured microwave signal. The mutual synchronization is also optically probed using scanning micro-focused Brillouin light scattering microscopy (µ-BLS), providing the first direct imaging of synchronized nano-magnetic oscillators. By tailoring the connection region between the nano-constrictions, we have been able to synchronize SHNOs separated by up to 4 micrometers, and we have demonstrated mutual synchronization of as many as nine SHNOs; we will show as well the ability to synchronize a much larger number of such devices 100 NC-SHNOs so far. We will discuss as will the perspectives of our results on mutual synchronization of SHNOs, and how it opens up a direct route for the design of very large SHNO based oscillator networks and pave the way for many research and application opportunities where coherent phase locking is needed, in particular, energy efficient spin wave computing on the nanoscale as spintronic “neuromorphic computing”. [1] V. E. Demidov, et al., Nature Mater. 11, 1028 (2012) V. E. Demidov, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 105, 172410 (2014). [2] V. E. Demidov, et al., Nat. Commun. 5, 3179 (2014). [3] A. A. Awad, et al., Nat. Phys. 13, 292–299, (2017).
Outlier detection for high dimensional data (2001)

The outlier detection problem has important applications in the field of fraud detection, network robustness analysis, and intrusion detection. Most such applications are high dimensional domains in which the data can contain hundreds of dimensions. Many recent algorithms use concepts of proximity in order to find outliers based on their relationship to the rest of the data. However, in high dimensional space, the data is sparse and the notion of proximity fails to retain its meaningfulness. In fact, the sparsity of high dimensional data implies that every point is an almost equally good outlier from the perspective of proximity-based definitions. Consequently, for high dimensional data, the notion of finding meaningful outliers becomes substantially more complex and non-obvious. In this paper, we discuss new techniques for outlier detection which find the outliers by studying the behavior of projections from the data set.
Demonstration of Complementary Ternary Graphene Field-Effect Transistors (2016)

Abstract Strong demand for power reduction in state-of-the-art semiconductor devices calls for novel devices and architectures. Since ternary logic architecture can perform the same function as binary logic architecture with a much lower device density and higher information density, a switch device suitable for the ternary logic has been pursued for several decades. However, a single device that satisfies all the requirements for ternary logic architecture has not been demonstrated. We demonstrated a ternary graphene field-effect transistor (TGFET), showing three discrete current states in one device. The ternary function was achieved by introducing a metal strip to the middle of graphene channel, which created an N-P-N or P-N-P doping pattern depending on the work function of the metal. In addition, a standard ternary inverter working at room temperature has been achieved by modulating the work function of the metal in a graphene channel. The feasibility of a ternary inverter indicates that a general ternary logic architecture can be realized using complementary TGFETs. This breakthrough will provide a key stepping-stone for an extreme-low-power computing technology.
Follistatin-like Protein 1 and the Ferritin/Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Ratio Are Potential Biomarkers for Dysregulated Gene Expression and Macrophage Activation Syndrome in Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (2013)

Elevated pretreatment serum FSTL-1 levels in sJIA are associated with dysregulated gene expression suggestive of occult MAS, and may have utility in predicting progression to overt MAS. Ferritin/ESR ratio may be superior to ferritin alone in discriminating overt MAS from new-onset sJIA.
A Dynamic Labeling Scheme Based on Logical Operators: A Support for Order-Sensitive XML Updates (2015)

Dynamic XML labeling schemes have demonstrated important usages in XML Database Management Systems. Several researches have been conducted to provide dynamic labeling schemes that can efficiently process queries with less label size and space overhead in addition to the capability of processing order-sensitive updates effectively and efficiently (i.e., without re-labeling). In this paper, we introduce a dynamic labeling scheme as an enhancement to our previous static one, XDAS. Dynamic XDAS is developed as a hybrid labeling scheme that combines the original XDAS with another labeling scheme called IBSL. Dynamic XDAS conveys all characteristics of the original XDAS in addition to the efficient treatment with update processes with no re-labeling, which is adapted from IBSL. Like the original XDAS, our experiments show that dynamic XDAS still can identify the A-D, P-C and sibling relationships using logical operators with efficient label size and storage space. Moreover, dynamic XDAS is capable for processing node/subtree updates efficiently with completely avoiding re-labeling or re-calculations, just like IBSL.
DNA-Sensors Using a Water-Soluble, Cationic Poly(thiophene) Derivative (2004)

We designed a novel cationic, water-soluble polythiophene derivative which can easily transduce oligonucleotide hybridization into optical or electrical signal. This polymeric sensor proved to be specific enough to distinguish between single nucleotide mismatches. This simple methodology has the potential to be integrated into various applications involving detection and identification of oligonucleotides.
Chiral diphosphites and diphosphoramidites as cheap and efficient ligands in Rh-catalyzed asymmetric olefin hydrogenation (2006)

Chiral diphosphites and diphosphoramidites derived from BINOL or diphenylprolinol are efficient ligands in asymmetric Rh-catalyzed olefin hydrogenation, provided the proper achiral backbone is chosen.
Differential Display in Rat Livers Treated for 13 Weeks with Phenobarbital Implicates a Role for Metabolic and Oxidative Stress in Nongenotoxic Carcinogenicity (2005)

Hepatic enzyme inducers such as phenobarbital are often nongenotoxic rodent hepatocarcinogens. Currently, nongenotoxic hepatocarcinogens can only be definitively identified through costly and extensive long-term, repeat-dose studies (e.g., 2-year rodent carcinogenicity assays). Although liver tumors caused by these compounds are often not found to be relevant to human health, the mechanism(s) by which they cause carcinogenesis are not well understood. Toxicogenomic technologies represent a new approach to understanding the molecular bases of toxicological liabilities such asnongenotoxic carcinogenicity early in the drug discovery/development process. Microarrays have been used to identify mechanistic molecular markers of nongenotoxic rodent hepatocarcinogenesis in short-term, repeat-dose preclinical safety studies. However, the initial "noise" of early adaptive changes may confound mechanistic interpretation of transcription profiling data from short-term studies, and the molecular processes triggered by treatment with a xenobiotic agent are likely to change over the course of long-term treatment. Here, we describe the use of a differential display technology to understand the molecular mechanisms related to 13 weeks of dosing with the prototype rodent nongenotoxic hepatocarcinogen, phenobarbital. These findings implicate a continuing role for oxidative stress in nongenotoxic carcinogenicity.An Excel data file containing raw data is available in full at http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/openurl.asp?genre=journal&issn=0192-6233. Click on the issue link for 33(1), then select this article. A download option appears at the bottom of this abstract. The file contains raw data for all gene changes detected by AFLP, including novel genes and genes of unknown function; sequences of detected genes; and animal body and liver weight ratios. In order to access the full article online, you must either have an individual subscription or a member subscription accessed through www.toxpath.org.
Very low threshold current 1.3μm InAs <sub> <i>y</i> </sub> P <sub> 1− <i>y</i> </sub> /InP BH strained-layer quantum well laser diodes grown by MOCVD (1992)

Very low threshold current operation of all MOCVD grown buried heterostructure 1.3μm InAsP/InP strained-layer double quantum well laser diodes is reported for the first time. A very low CW threshold current of 1.8mA was obtained in a HR coated 200 μm-long device. The maximum CW operating temperature was 120°C with a characteristic temperature of 62K in the temperature range 20–60°C.
Remote sensing of atmospheric winds using speckle–turbulence interaction, a CO_2 laser, and optical heterodyne detection (1988)

Speckle-turbulence interaction can be utilized to measure the vector wind in a plane perpendicular to the line of sight from a laser transmitter to a target. A continuous wave source of around 1 W and operating at 10.6 microm, in conjunction with an optical heterodyne receiver, has been used to measure atmospheric winds along horizontal paths. A theoretical basis, the experimental apparatus, processing techniques, and experimental results are presented. The technique has been demonstrated for remote sensing of atmospheric winds along horizontal paths but also has potential for global remote sensing of atmospheric winds and for onboard wind shear detection systems for aircraft. The results show that rms accuracies of the order of 0.5 m/s are possible with averaging times as short as 2 s.
Photomodulable Materials. Synthesis and Properties of Photochromic 3H-Naphtho[2,1-b]pyrans Linked to Thiophene Unitsvia an Acetylenic Junction (2000)

The synthesis of 3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyrans linked to mono-, di-, or terthiophene via an acetylenic junction is described (Schemes 2 and 3). The synthetic approaches involve successive Sonogashira coupling reactions. The photochromic properties in solution of these novel materials were investigated under continuous irradiation.
Re-Programmable Antifuse FPGA Utilizing Resistive CeRAM Elements (2011)

A novel architecture utilizing resistive Correlated Electron Random Access Memory (CeRAM) elements to build re-programmable antifuse Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) components is introduced. Unlike traditional antifuse switching elements that can become permanently conducting upon application of the programming voltage, CeRAM antifuse elements can be subsequently switched back to an insulating state upon application of a reset voltage allowing the designer the freedom to re-configure the FPGA. Because the CeRAM element is based on a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) stack structure, it can be easily integrated in the upper metal layers of the fabrication process virtually eliminating the need for routing of channels between logic blocks. By utilizing CeRAM structures in the routing resources and as the block memory, it is possible to enhance the density by as much as 6 times, significantly reducing the size of the array while maintaining the use of existing low power logic styles.
An apparatus for MR‐guided breast lesion localization and core biopsy: Design and preliminary results (2001)

System design and initial results are presented from a new unilateral MR-guided breast lesion localization and core biopsy system. Over 150 imaging studies, an accuracy study on phantoms with 50 localization wire deployments and 33 core biopsy trials, and 19 clinical procedures are reported. The mean spatial accuracy from the lesion center for a 20-gauge (G) needle (N = 13) was within 1.2 +/- 1.4 mm (SD) and for a 14G biopsy (N = 4) 0.8 +/- 1.1 mm. For sampling using a 16G core through a 14G needle, the mean accuracy was 5.6 mm (N = 2). The needle guide geometry imposed a small, calculable targeting error. For phantom measurements using the 20G device, the mean geometry-induced error was 0.73 +/- 0.43 mm. However, this contribution was, on average, 42% of the mean measured 2.35 +/- 1.65 mm offset. The new device design provided an accurate and simple guidance method for localization or core biopsy of MR-visible breast lesions.
Design of Novel Exendin-Based Dual Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (GLP-1)/Glucagon Receptor Agonists (2017)

Dual activation of the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucagon receptor has the potential to lead to a novel therapy principle for the treatment of diabesity. Here, we report a series of novel peptides with dual activity on these receptors that were discovered by rational design. On the basis of sequence analysis and structure-based design, structural elements of glucagon were engineered into the selective GLP-1 receptor agonist exendin-4, resulting in hybrid peptides with potent dual GLP-1/glucagon receptor activity. Detailed structure-activity relationship data are shown. Further modifications with unnatural and modified amino acids resulted in novel metabolically stable peptides that demonstrated a significant dose-dependent decrease in blood glucose in chronic studies in diabetic db/db mice and reduced body weight in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. Structural analysis by NMR spectroscopy confirmed that the peptides maintain an exendin-4-like structure with its characteristic tryptophan-cage fold motif that is responsible for favorable chemical and physical stability.
Structure of antigenic sites on the haemagglutinin molecule of H5 avian influenza virus and phenotypic variation of escape mutants (2002)

To elucidate the structure of the antigenic sites of avian H5 influenza virus haemagglutinin (HA) we analysed escape mutants of a mouse-adapted variant of the H5N2 strain A/Mallard/Pennsylvania/10218/84. A panel of five anti-H5 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) was used to select 16 escape mutants. The mutants were tested by ELISA and haemagglutination inhibition with this panel of anti-H5 mAbs and the HA genes of the mutants were sequenced. The sequencing demonstrated that the amino acid changes were grouped in two antigenic sites. One corresponded to site A in the H3 HA. The other contained areas that are separated in the amino acid sequence but are topographically close in the three-dimensional structure and partially overlap in the reactions with mAbs. This site corresponds in part to site B in the H3 structure; it also includes a region not involved in site B that partially overlaps site Sa in the H1 HA and an antigenic area in H2 HA. Mutants with the amino acid change K152N, as well as those with the change D126N, showed reduced lethality in mice. The substitution D126N, creating a new glycosylation site, was accompanied by an increase in the sensitivity of the mutants to normal mouse serum inhibitors. Several amino acid changes in the H5 escape mutants occurred at the positions of reported changes in H2 drift variants. This coincidence suggests that the antigenic sites described and analysed here may be important for drift variation if H5 influenza virus ever appears as a pathogen circulating in humans.
Limonoid debittering of citrus juices using immobilized bacterial cell systems (1987)

Limonoids such as limonin and nomilin cause bitterness in a variety of commercial citrus juices. This is a major problem of the world‐wide citrus product industry and also has significant negative economic impact on processors and growers also. This article reviews research on immobilized bacterial cell systems that can be used for the reduction of limonoid bitterness in citrus juices.