gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient Online Algorithms for the Polygonal Approximation of Trajectory Data (2011)

The paper deals with the problem of how most efficiently to represent trajectory data with a piecewise -- constant velocity model of the object movement. Firstly, we experimented with fast and efficient offline algorithms based on heuristic and optimal algorithms for the approximation of planar and spatial curves for a given constraint on the maximum of the approximation error. Secondly, we developed efficient online algorithm for the approximation of trajectories adaptive to the size of buffer. The online algorithm can be successfully used to reduce spatiotemporal data and multidimensional signals.
A Quantitative Chemotherapy Genetic Interaction Map Reveals Factors Associated with PARP Inhibitor Resistance (2018)

Chemotherapy is used to treat most cancer patients, yet our understanding of factors that dictate response and resistance to such drugs remains limited. We report the generation of a quantitative chemical-genetic interaction map in human mammary epithelial cells charting the impact of the knockdown of 625 genes related to cancer and DNA repair on sensitivity to 29 drugs, covering all classes of chemotherapy. This quantitative map is predictive of interactions maintained in other cell lines, identifies DNA-repair factors, predicts cancer cell line responses to therapy, and prioritizes synergistic drug combinations. We identify that ARID1A loss confers resistance to PARP inhibitors in cells and ovarian cancer patients and that loss of GPBP1 causes resistance to cisplatin and PARP inhibitors through the regulation of genes involved in homologous recombination. This map helps navigate patient genomic data and optimize chemotherapeutic regimens by delineating factors involved in the response to specific types of DNA damage.
Optical response of epitaxial and granular films of YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7- delta / at temperatures from 25 K to 100 K (1989)

The authors present the results of optical detection in epitaxial and granular films of YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7- delta / at wavelengths of 0.63, 3.39, and 10.6 mu m and at temperatures from 25 K to 100 K. Both types of film exhibit only bolometric detection, with no evidence for nonequilibrium effects in this temperature range. For 0.63- mu m radiation, mechanically chopped at 725 Hz, measurements of a 10*90 mu m/sup 2/ epitaxial bridge yield a bolometric responsivity of approximately 4*10/sup 3/ V/W, and detectivity D* of more than 10/sup 8/ cm square root Hz/W. Granular films biased above their critical current are found to exhibit two-level switching noise, resulting in Lorentzian deviations from an otherwise 1/f noise spectrum.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Studies on a purified cellobiose phosphorylase (2015)

Cellobiose phosphorylase, obtained from cell-free extracts of Clostridium themocellum strain 65l, has been purified sufficiently to eliminate interfering reactions.The purified enzyme catalyzes the phosphorolysis of cellobiose with the formation of equimolar quantities of glucose-l-phosphate and glucose.The reaction is reversible for equimolar quantities of cellobiose and inorganic phosphate are formed from glucose and glucose-l-phosphate.At equilibrium the molar ratio of cellobiose and inorganic phosphate to glucose-l-phosphate and glucose is about 2 to 1.The equilibrium constant, K = (glucose-l-phosphate)(glucose)/(cellobiose)(inorganic phosphate), at 37 C and pH 7 is about 0.23.The optimum pH for the activity of cellobiose phosphorylase appears to be about 7.0.The temperature coefficient between 20 C and 40 C is about 2.4.The effect of various inhibitors has been determined and the results suggest that a sulfhydryl group is essential for the activity of the enzyme. The synthesis of glucosyl-D-xyloses glucosyl-L-xylose, glucosyl-D-deoxyglucose, and glucosyl-D-glucosamine apparently is catalyzed by cellobiose phosphorylase. The enzyme also catalyzes the arsenolysis of cellobiose.Beta-glucose-l-phosphate is unable to replace alpha-glucose-l-phosphate in the synthesis of cellobiose.A Walden inversion apparently occurs in the reaction.Cellobiose phosphorylase apparently does not catalyze the exchange between glucose-l-phosphate and arsenate or between cellobiose and D-xylose.These results suggest that a ' cellobiose-enzyme-phosphate complex is formed in the reaction.
FingerShadow: an OLED power optimization based on smartphone touch interactions (2014)

Despite that OLED screen has been increasingly adopted in smartphones to save power; screen is still one of the most energy-consuming modules in smartphones. Techniques such as local dimming are proposed to further reduce the power consumption of OLED screen, but it is hard to decide which part of the screen could be dimmed, and it often results in compromised user experience. Intuitively, when a user interacts with a smartphone via the touch screen, the screen areas are covered by the user's fingers and even some of the neighboring areas could be safely dimmed. Thus, in this paper, we propose FingerShadow, a new technique which does local dimming for the screen areas covered by user fingers to save more power, without compromising the user visual experience. We have studied 10 users' touch interaction behaviors and found that on average 11.14% of the screen were covered by fingers. For these 10 users, we estimate that FingerShadow can achieve 5.07%-22.32% power saving, averaging 12.96%, with negligible overhead. We discuss the challenges and future research work to implement Finger-Shadow in existing smartphone systems.
Implementation of Principal Component Analysis on Masked and Non-masked Face Recognition (2019)

This paper represents an implementation of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on masked and non-masked face recognition. Security is an essential term in our today's life. In various Biometric technology, face recognition is widely used to secure any system because it is better than any other traditional techniques like PIN, password, fingerprint etc. and most reliable to identify or verify a person efficiently. In recent years, face recognition is a very challenging task because of different occlusion or masks like the existence of sunglasses, scarves, hats and different types of make-up or disguise ingredients. The accuracy rate of face recognition is influenced by these types of masks. Many algorithms have been developed recently for non-masked face recognition which are widely used and give better performance. Still in the field of masked face recognition, few contributions has been done. Therefore, in this work a statistical procedure has been selected which is applied in non-masked face recognition and also apply in the masked face recognition technique. PCA is more effective and successful statistical technique and widely used. For this reason in this work, PCA algorithm has been chosen. Finally, a comparative study also done here for a better understanding.
Indian guidelines on hypertension (IGH) - III - 2013 (2014)

The epidemiological models consist of system that describes the dynamics in each class. For example, the rate of change of susceptible individuals is a major contributor to Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in India and worldwide. In view of our special geographical and climatic conditions, ethnic background, dietary habits, literacy levels and socio‐ economic variables, there could be some areas where significant differences need to be addressed. With this in mind, the Association of Physicians of India (API), Cardiological Society of India (CSI), the Indian College of Physicians (ICP), and the Hypertension Society of India (HSI) developed the “FIRST INDIAN GUIDELINES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENSION ‐ 2001.”
Quantum algorithms for Gibbs sampling and hitting-time estimation (2017)

We present quantum algorithms for solving two problems regarding stochastic processes. The first algorithm prepares the thermal Gibbs state of a quantum system and runs in time almost linear in p Nβ/Z and polynomial in log(1/epsilon), where N is the Hilbert space dimension, β is the inverse temperature, Z is the partition function, and epsilon is the desired precision of the output state. Our quantum algorithm exponentially improves the complexity dependence on 1/epsilon and polynomially improves the dependence on β of known quantum algorithms for this problem. The second algorithm estimates the hitting time of a Markov chain. For a sparse stochastic matrix P, it runs in time almost linear in 1/(epsilon ∆3/2 ), where epsilon is the absolute precision in the estimation and ∆ is a parameter determined by P, and whose inverse is an upper bound of the hitting time. Our quantum algorithm quadratically improves the complexity dependence on 1/epsilon and 1/∆ of the analog classical algorithm for hitting-time estimation. Both algorithms use tools recently developed in the context of Hamiltonian simulation, spectral gap amplification, and solving linear systems of equations.
[Strain in GaN epi-layer grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy]. (2013)

In the present paper, strain in GaN epitaxial layer grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) was investigated by means of high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD), Raman spectra and photoluminescence (PL) measurements. Both the biaxial in-plane and out-of-plane strains (of the order of -10(-4) and 10(-4), respectively) and the hydrostatic strain component (of the order of -10(-5)) were extracted from HRXRD measurements. These values agreed well with the ones computed from the blue-shift of E2 Raman mode and the near-band-edge PL peak. The results showed that strains in GaN layer were superposed by the biaxial strain and hydrostatic strain.
Cholera toxin requires oxidized nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide to activate adenylate cyclase in purified rat liver plasma membranes (1977)

Activation of adenylate cyclase in isolated rat liver plasma membranes by cholera toxin was demonstrated. The activation requires the presence of NAD+ and ATP and is irreversible.
A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase IIB clinical trial of repeated application of gene therapy in patients with cystic fibrosis: Table 1 (2013)

The UK Cystic Fibrosis Gene Therapy Consortium has been working towards clinical gene therapy for patients with cystic fibrosis for several years. We have recently embarked on a large, multi-dose clinical trial of a non-viral, liposome-based formulation powered for the first time to detect clinical benefit. The article describes the details of the protocol.
Building Detection from Satellite Imagery Using a Composite Loss Function (2018)

In this paper, we present a LinkNet-based architecture with SE-ResNeXt-50 encoder and a novel training strategy that strongly relies on image preprocessing and incorporating distorted network outputs. The architecture combines a pre-trained convolutional encoder and a symmetric expanding path that enables precise localization. We show that such a network can be trained on plain RGB images with a composite loss function and achieves competitive results on the DeepGlobe challenge on building extraction from satellite images
Activin A promotes the development of acquired heterotopic ossification and is an effective target for disease attenuation in mice (2021)

Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a common, potentially debilitating pathology that is instigated by inflammation caused by tissue damage or other insults, which is followed by chondrogenesis, osteogenesis, and extraskeletal bone accumulation. Current remedies are not very effective and have side effects, including the risk of triggering additional HO. The TGF-β family member activin A is produced by activated macrophages and other inflammatory cells and stimulates the intracellular effectors SMAD2 and SMAD3 (SMAD2/3). Because HO starts with inflammation and because SMAD2/3 activation is chondrogenic, we tested whether activin A stimulated HO development. Using mouse models of acquired intramuscular and subdermal HO, we found that blockage of endogenous activin A by a systemically administered neutralizing antibody reduced HO development and bone accumulation. Single-cell RNA-seq analysis and developmental trajectories showed that the antibody treatment reduced the recruitment of <i>Sox9<sup>+</sup></i> skeletal progenitors, many of which also expressed the gene encoding activin A (<i>Inhba</i>), to HO sites. Gain-of-function assays showed that activin A enhanced the chondrogenic differentiation of progenitor cells through SMAD2/3 signaling, and inclusion of activin A in HO-inducing implants enhanced HO development in vivo. Together, our data reveal that activin A is a critical upstream signaling stimulator of acquired HO in mice and could represent an effective therapeutic target against forms of this pathology in patients.
A new method for microvascular anastomosis: report of experimental and clinical research. (1992)

Principles of microvascular anastomotic surgery are uncertain in contrast to the standardized suture methods for the repair of large arteries. Complications of early thromboses or late stricture at the microvascular anastomotic line can be related to the inherent biologic response of these delicate tissues to penetrating needle and suture. A new method for microvascular reconstruction based on the principle of flanged, nonpenetrated, intimal approximation by an arcuate-legged clip has proven biologically and technically superior to the penetrating microsuture. These conclusions are based on extensive testing in multiple surgical laboratories of the following parameters: long- and short-term patency, morphology of wound repair, and burst and tensile strength. Details of the new surgical system and experimental studies are described.
Polyvinyl alcohol-graft-polyethylene glycol hydrogels improve utility and biofunctionality of injectable collagen biomaterials (2016)

Collagen-based materials have become a staple in both research and the clinic. In wound care, collagen-based materials comprise a core gamut of biological dressings and therapeutic strategies. In research, collagen-based materials are employed in everything from 3D cultures to bioprinting. Soluble collagen is well characterized to undergo fibrillation at neutral pH and 37 °C. To remain stable, a neutralized collagen solution must be maintained at 4 °C. These physical characteristics of collagen impose limitations on its utility. In our previous work, we identified that the incorporation of a simple polyvinyl alcohol:borate hydrogel could improve the rate of collagen gel fibrillation. In this work we sought to further investigate the interactions of polyvinyl alcohol blend variants, as surfactant-like polymers, in comparison with known non-polymer surfactants. To conduct our investigations scaffold variants were created using increasing concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol, differing combinations of polymers, and non-polymer surfactants Tweens 20 and 80, and TritonX-100. Activation energy for collagen fibrillation was found to significantly decrease in the presence of polyvinyl alcohols (p < 0.01) at and above 0.4%w/v concentration. Further, addition of polyvinyl alcohol-graft-polyethylene glycol had the greatest enhancement (2.02 fold) on the fibrillation kinetics (p < 0.01), wetting properties and the stability of the collagen scaffolds post-freeze drying. Our results demonstrated that the addition of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels to a collagen solution could stabilize collagen solution such that the solution could easily be lyophilized (at pH 7) and then reconstituted with water. Cells cultured in polyvinyl alcohol scaffolds also exhibited more organized F-actin, as well as a reduced abundance of pro-collagen and α-smooth actin. In conclusion, our results demonstrate for the first time that polyvinyl alcohol, preferably polyvinyl alcohol-graft-polyethylene glycol, directly affects the physical properties of collagen and the physiology of cells cultured within improving the utility of the combined material for both research and clinic needs.
Function of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B17 (UGT2B17) is involved in endometrial cancer (2010)

Endometrial cancer (EC) is a steroid hormone-dependent cancer. Uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes conjugate and detoxify endogenous and exogenous steroid hormones and environmental carcinogens. Among these enzymes, the function of UGT2B17 is unknown except for glucuronidation. The messenger RNA expression of UGT2B17 and myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) was significantly increased in EC tissues compared with matched normal endometrial tissues. Therefore, we focused on the function of UGT2B17 in EC. A total of nine patients with confirmed EC were enrolled in this study to investigate the expression of UGT2B17 and target genes. EC cell lines were used for functional tests including cell growth, invasion, apoptosis and cell cycle analyses. To find the target genes of UGT2B17, we performed microarray analysis to see which genes were upregulated or downregulated by UGT2B17-transfected cells. Functional analysis showed decreased numbers of viable cells and increased numbers of apoptotic cells in si-UGT2B17-transfected Ishikawa cells. Among microarray target genes, Mcl-1 was significantly downregulated in si-UGT2B17-transfected cells. We also found upregulation of Puma protein, a target of Mcl-1, in si-UGT2B17-transfected cells. This is the first report to show that UGT2B17 and Mcl-1 expression are upregulated in EC tissues and that UGT2B17 depletion induces inhibition of cell growth and apoptosis in EC cells through Mcl-1 downregulation.
Overexpressed protein kinase C-delta and -epsilon subtypes in NIH 3T3 cells exhibit differential subcellular localization and differential regulation of sodium-dependent phosphate uptake. (1994)

To examine the biological properties of protein kinase C (PKC)-delta and -epsilon NIH 3T3 cells were stably transfected with metallothionein-based expression vectors that overexpressed these isoforms. In addition to their inducibility by Zn2+, the protein levels of these two PKC subtypes, but not that of endogenous PKC-alpha, increased with increasing cell density. An unexpected role for Mg2+ in the subcellular localization of PKC-delta was found. This isoenzyme was predominantly membrane-associated when cell fractionation was carried out in the absence of Mg2+ but cytosolic when the fractionation was performed in the presence of 10 mM Mg2+. In contrast, the predominant localization of cytosolic PKC-alpha and of membrane-associated PKC-epsilon was not influenced by Mg2+. In vivo and in vitro studies of [3H]phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate binding in the overexpressing cell lines confirmed the cytosolic localization of PKC-alpha, the membrane-associated state of PKC-epsilon, and the presence of PKC-delta at both locations. Readdition of serum for 5 min to serum-starved, quiescent cell lines initiated the redistribution of PKC-alpha to the particulate fraction, while the location of PKC-delta and PKC-epsilon was not affected. Zn(2+)-induced overexpression of PKC-delta- and PKC-epsilon-stimulated sodium-dependent phosphate uptake. Overexpression of PKC-delta caused an increase in the Vmax of Na+/P(i) uptake, while overexpression of PKC-epsilon resulted in a decrease in Km for orthophosphate. A further stimulation of Na+/P(i) uptake in the overexpressing cells could be achieved by phorbol ester activation of endogenous PKC-alpha. These results suggest that each of the three PKC isotypes contribute to the regulation of sodium-dependent phosphate uptake, but through distinct mechanisms.
Expression of Bovine β‐Lactoglobulin/Human Erythropoietin Fusion Protein in the Milk of Transgenic Mice and Rabbits (1997)

We have generated several transgenic mouse lines and rabbits expressing efficiently (up to 0.3 mg/ml in mice and up to 0.5 mg/ml in rabbits) human erythropoietin in their milk as bovine beta-lactoglobulin fusion protein. Human erythropoietin cDNA was inserted in frame into exon 5 of the bovine beta-lactoglobulin gene with a linker oligonucleotide encoding the cleavage site for bacterial IgA protease. RNA analysis performed on one lactating transgenic mouse and one transgenic rabbit revealed that the fusion gene was expressed almost exlusively in the mammary gland, although low amounts of transgene-derived RNA were detectable in salivary glands and uterus or in the kidney. The fusion protein was specifically cleaved with IgA protease. The erythropoietin part obtained upon digestion had a lower molecular mass than recombinant erythropoietin produced in Chinese hamster ovary cells. By deglycosylation analysis it was shown that the difference in size was due to a different type of glycosylation. Biological activity of the fusion protein, as determined by growth stimulation of TF-1 erythroleukemia cells, was less than 15% of that of human recombinant erythropoietin. Upon digestion of the fusion protein with IgA protease, biological activity comparable to that of the recombinant erythropoietin was recovered. Transgenic males and virgin females did not show signs of enhanced erythropoiesis, but lactating females expressing the transgene displayed transient increases in their hematocrit values.
Long‐term depression of C‐fibre‐evoked spinal field potentials by stimulation of primary afferent Aδ‐fibres in the adult rat (1998)

Long-term potentiation (LTP) of spinal C-fibre-evoked field potentials can be induced by brief electrical stimulation of afferent C-fibres, by natural noxious stimulation of skin or by acute nerve injury. Here, we report that in urethane anaesthetized, adult rats prolonged high frequency burst stimulation of the sciatic nerve at Adelta-fibre strength produced long-term depression (LTD) of C-fibre-evoked field potentials, and also depressed the increased amplitudes of C-fibre-evoked field potentials recorded after LTP had been established (depotentiation). Electrical stimulation of Abeta-fibres failed to induce LTD or depotentiation. In spinalized rats, prolonged Adelta-fibre conditioning stimulation induced LTP rather than LTD of C-fibre-evoked field potentials. Thus, tonic descending inhibition may determine the direction of plastic changes in C-fibre-mediated synaptic transmission. Spinal application of the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor antagonist D-APV blocked induction of LTD in intact rats and LTP in spinalized rats. The presently described LTD and the depotentiation of established LTP of C-fibre-evoked field potentials in spinal dorsal horn may underlie some forms of prolonged analgesia induced by peripheral nerve stimulation procedures.
Identification of robot dynamics (1986)

Algorithms for the identification of the following robot dynamics parameters are presented: link center of mass positions, link inertia matrices, joint friction coefficients, load mass, load center of mass position and load inertia matrix. Required measurements are the joint forces/torques and the resulting joint motion (joint position, velocity and acceleration). Software implementations are used to show how the algorithms perform on simulated measurement data.