gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiple appearance models for face tracking in surveillance videos (2007)

Face tracking is a key component for automated video surveillance systems. It supports and enhances tasks such as face recognition and video indexing. Face tracking in surveillance scenarios is a challenging problem due to ambient illumination variations, face pose changes, occlusions, and background clutter. We present an algorithm for tracking faces in surveillance video based on a particle filter mechanism using multiple appearance models for robust representation of the face. We propose color based appearance model complemented by an edge based appearance model using the Difference of Gaussian (DOG) filters. We demonstrate that combined appearance models are more robust in handling the face and scene variations than a single appearance model. For example, color template appearance model is better in handling pose variations but they deteriorate against illumination variations. Similarly, an edge based model is robust in handling illumination variations but they fail in handling substantial pose changes. Hence, a combined model is more robust in handling pose and illumination changes than either one of them by itself. We show how the algorithm performs on a real surveillance scenario where the face undergoes various pose and illumination changes. The algorithm runs in real-time at 20 fps on a standard 3.0 GHz desktop PC.
Low cobalt Cr-Co-Fe permanent magnet alloys (invited) (1981)

This paper reviews the results of studies in our laboratory in the 2 to 12% Co range of Cr-Co-Fe permanent magnet alloys. Our salient results are as follows: (1) Isotropic ternay alloys, typified by 10.5Co-28Cr-Fe (Chromindur II) with values of Br = 9800, Hc = 400 Oe and (BH)max = 1.8 MGOe. This alloy is now in volume production for telephone receiver applications. (2) Anisotropic ternary alloys prepared by a newly developed ’’deformation-aging’’ process, with values of (BH)max ranging from 2.3 MGOe for a 5Co-33Cr-Fe alloys to 5.5 MGOe for an 11.5Co-33Cr-Fe alloy. Adding 2% Cu raises the value of (BH)max by 0.5–1.0 MGOe. (3) Anisotropic alloys prepared by magnetic-field aging, with values of (BH)max ranging from 4.2 MGOe for a 2.5Co-32Cr-Fe alloy to 6.2 MGOe for a 9Co-27Cr-Fe alloy. (4) Sintered magnets typified by the 5Co-31Cr-Fe alloy with (BH)max∼4.4 MGOe.
Exon 19 Deletion Mutations of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Are Associated with Prolonged Survival in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Gefitinib or Erlotinib (2006)

Patients with NSCLC and EGFR exon 19 deletions have a longer survival following treatment with gefitinib or erlotinib compared with those with the L858R mutation. Pooling of greater numbers of patients and completion of prospective trials are needed to further define the predictive and prognostic roles of different EGFR mutations with respect to treatment with gefitinib, erlotinib, and other EGFR inhibitors.
Fast, low-cost method for control of gain and tilt transients in a pumped Raman amplifier (2005)

We propose and experimentally verify a new dynamic gain control technique for a forward-pumped Raman amplifier. Using this technique, we demonstrate sub-microsecond tilt transient control capability without using a channel spectral monitor. (2 pages)
<title>Scene-based scalable video summarization</title> (2003)

A scalable video summarization and navigation system is proposed in this work. Particularly, given the desired number of keyframes for a video sequence, we first distribute it among underlying video scenes and sinks based on their respective importance ranks. Then, we select the most important shot of each sink as its R-shot and further assign each sink's designated number of keyframes to its R-shot. Finally, a time-constrained keyframe extraction scheme is developed to locate all keyframes. Consequently, we can achieve a scalable video summary from the initial keyframe set by exploiting such a video structure-based ranking scheme. In addition, a content navigation tool is also developed which could help users freely access or locate specific video scenes or shots. Sophisticated user studies have shown that this summarization and navigation system can not only help users quickly browse video content, but also assist them in searching for particular video segments.
High-strength transparent spinel with fine, unimodal grain size (2009)

Spinel (MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) is a good candidate material for transparent armor and IR window applications. Traditionally, transparent spinel has suffered from poor strength and difficult polishing owing to its large, bimodal grain structure. Starting from a spinel nanopowder, spinel ceramics with a grain size of less than 2 microns have been made with better than 80% in-line transmittance at 632 nm wavelength for 3/8" thick samples. A ring-on-ring test has been used to measure biaxial flexural strength on samples machined to 0.8 mm thickness. The average strength was found to exceed 480 MPa.
Synthesis and wear of Al based, free standing functionally gradient materials: effects of different reinforcements (2004)

10.1179/026708304225010352
Anisotropic impedance metasurface enabled dual-band short backfire antennas with high aperture efficiency (2016)

A dual-band short backfire antenna with high aperture efficiency for satellite communications is presented. The high aperture efficiency is enabled by loading anisotropic impedance metasurfaces (AIMs) to the cavity walls of a hexagonal short backfire antenna fed by a slot-loaded suspended patch. By optimizing the surface impedance values of the AIM loadings, the achieved aperture efficiency averaged over the GPS L2 and L1 bands is 90.5% for a hexagonal SBFA. The corresponding efficiency for a circular SBFA with cavity walls is 99%. Cross-polarization is also greatly improved. The homogeneous AIM can be realized by a finite periodic array of low-loss electric resonators that are comprised of metallic patterns.
Improving the performance of input-queued ATM packet switches (1992)

The authors propose a single way to dramatically improve the performance of input-queued ATM packet switches beyond the 82% saturation point obtained in previous work. The method is an extension of the independent output-port schedulers technique and is based on the notion of recycled time slots, i.e. reusing time slots normally wasted due to scheduling conflicts. In contrast to previous results, the technique yields a throughput improvement from 65% to 92% without speedup, trunking, or complicated hardware. If input grouping with a group size of four is also employed, then the method can yield up to 95% throughput.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
High-throughput flow alignment of barcoded hydrogel microparticles (2009)

Suspension (particle-based) arrays offer several advantages over conventional planar arrays in the detection and quantification of biomolecules, including the use of smaller sample volumes, more favorable probe-target binding kinetics, and rapid probe-set modification. We present a microfluidic system for the rapid alignment of multifunctional hydrogel microparticles designed to bear one or several biomolecule probe regions, as well as a graphical code to identify the embedded probes. Using high-speed imaging, we have developed and optimized a flow-through system that (1) allows for a high particle throughput, (2) ensures proper particle alignment for decoding and target quantification, and (3) can be reliably operated continuously without clogging. A tapered channel flanked by side focusing streams is used to orient the flexible, tablet-shaped particles into a well-ordered flow in the center of the channel. The effects of channel geometry, particle geometry, particle composition, particle loading density, and barcode design are explored to determine the best combination for eventual use in biological assays. Particles in the optimized system move at velocities of approximately 50 cm s(-1) and with throughputs of approximately 40 particles s(-1). Simple physical models and CFD simulations have been used to investigate flow behavior in the device.
Privacy-Preserving Asynchronous Vertical Federated Learning Algorithms for Multiparty Collaborative Learning (2021)

The privacy-preserving federated learning for vertically partitioned (VP) data has shown promising results as the solution of the emerging multiparty joint modeling application, in which the data holders (such as government branches, private finance, and e-business companies) collaborate throughout the learning process rather than relying on a trusted third party to hold data. However, most of the existing federated learning algorithms for VP data are limited to synchronous computation. To improve the efficiency when the unbalanced computation/communication resources are common among the parties in the federated learning system, it is essential to develop asynchronous training algorithms for VP data while keeping the data privacy. In this article, we propose an asynchronous federated stochastic gradient descent (AFSGD-VP) algorithm and its two variance reduction variants, including stochastic variance reduced gradient (SVRG) and SAGA on the VP data. Moreover, we provide the convergence analyses of AFSGD-VP and its SVRG and SAGA variants under the condition of strong convexity and without any restrictions of staleness. We also discuss their model privacy, data privacy, computational complexities, and communication costs. To the best of our knowledge, AFSGD-VP and its SVRG and SAGA variants are the first asynchronous federated learning algorithms for VP data with theoretical guarantees. Extensive experimental results on a variety of VP datasets not only verify the theoretical results of AFSGD-VP and its SVRG and SAGA variants but also show that our algorithms have much higher efficiency than the corresponding synchronous algorithms.
The median frequency of the ECG during ventricular fibrillation: its use in an algorithm for estimating the duration of cardiac arrest (1990)

Recent studies have suggested that the initial therapeutic intervention for ventricular fibrillation (VF) may depend on downtime (DT), i.e., the time duration of VF. We characterized the dynamics of the frequency distribution in the power spectrum of the ECG recorded from eleven swine during VF to determine if enough information existed in this domain to estimate DT. We used the median frequency (FM) of the power spectrum to track the frequency distribution. The FM followed a dynamic repeatable course during the first 10 min of VF. Intersubject variability was small. We modeled the FM data of the eleven subjects with a set of first-order polynomial equations and tested the algorithm with data from an additional ten subjects. The algorithm predicted VF duration with an average error of -0.86 min; 71.5% of the predictions fell within the 95% confidence limits of the model. This paper has identified a signal processing tool which may be useful in the prehospital treatment of VF.
Boost Logic: A High Speed Energy Recovery Circuit Family (2005)

In this paper, we propose boost logic, a logic family which relies on voltage scaling, gate overdrive, and energy recovery techniques to achieve high energy efficiency at frequencies in the GHz range. The key feature of our design is the use of an energy recovering "boost" stage to provide an efficient gate overdrive to a highly voltage-scaled logic at near-threshold supply voltage. We have evaluated our logic family using simulation results from an 8-bit carry-save multiplier in a 0.13 /spl mu/m CMOS process with V/sub th/ = 340 mV at 1.4 GHz and a 1.1 V supply voltage, the boost multiplier dissipates 3.44 pJ per computation, achieving 57% energy savings with respect to its static CMOS counterpart. Using low V/sub th/ devices, boost logic has been verified to operate at 2 GHz with a 1.2 V voltage supply and 3.76 pJ energy dissipation per cycle.
Theranostic Applications of Nanostructured Silicate-Substituted Hydroxyapatite Codoped with Eu<sup>3+</sup> and Bi<sup>3+</sup> Ions—A Novel Strategy for Bone Regeneration (2020)

In this paper, nanocrystalline silicate-substituted hydroxyapatites (nSi-HAps) codoped with Eu<sup>3+</sup> were functionalized with Bi<sup>3+</sup> ions. Biomaterials were synthesized using a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method and heat-treated at 700 °C. The concentration of Eu<sup>3+</sup> ions was established at 1 mol %, and the concentration of Bi<sup>3+</sup> was in the range of 0.5-2 mol %. The physicochemical properties of the obtained biomaterials were determined using previously established methods, including X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy techniques, and IR spectroscopy. Particle sizes obtained in this study were in the range of 22-65 nm, which was established by the Rietveld method. The luminescence properties of the Eu<sup>3+</sup> ion-doped silicate-substituted apatite were recorded depending on the bismuth(III) concentration. The cytocompatibility of obtained biomaterials was tested using the model of mouse pre-osteoblasts cell line, that is, MC3T3-E1. We showed that the obtained biomaterials exerted anti-apoptotic effect, reducing the number of early and late apoptotic cells and decreasing caspase activity and reactive oxygen species accumulation. The transcripts levels of genes associated with apoptosis confirmed the anti-apoptotic effect of the biomaterials. Increased metabolic activity of MC3T3-E1 in cultures with biomaterials functionalized with Bi<sup>3+</sup> ions has been observed. Moreover, the determined profile of osteogenic markers indicates that the obtained matrices, that is, Eu<sup>3+</sup>:nSi-HAp functionalized with Bi<sup>3+</sup> ions, exert pro-osteogenic properties. The biological features of Eu<sup>3+</sup>:nSi-HAp modified with Bi<sup>3+</sup> ions are highly desired in terms of functional tissue restoration and further efficient osteointegration.
Quantum neural networks can predict binding free energies for enzymatic inhibitors (2000)

Quantum mechanical molecular electrostatic potential surfaces and neural networks are combined to predict the binding energy for bioactive molecules with enzyme targets. Computational neural networks are employed to identify the quantum mechanical features of inhibitory molecules that contribute to binding. This approach generates relationships between the quantum mechanical structure of inhibitory molecules and the strength of binding. Feed-forward neural networks with back-propagation of error are trained to recognize the quantum mechanical electrostatic potential at the entire van der Waals surface of a group of training molecules and to predict the strength of interactions between the enzyme and novel inhibitors. Three enzyme systems are used as examples in this work: AMP (adenosine mono phosphate) nucleosidase, adenosine deaminase, and cytidine deaminase. Quantum neural networks identify critical areas on inhibitor potential surfaces involved in binding and predict with quantitative accuracy the binding strength of new inhibitors. The method is able to predict the binding free energy of the transition state, when trained with less tightly bound inhibitors. The application of this approach to the study of enzyme inhibitors and receptor agonists would permit evaluation of chemical libraries of potential bioactive agents. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 78: 195–204, 2000
Distinct-value synopses for multiset operations (2009)

The task of estimating the number of distinct values (DVs) in a large dataset arises in a wide variety of settings in computer science and elsewhere. We provide DV estimation techniques for the case in which the dataset of interest is split into partitions. We create for each partition a synopsis that can be used to estimate the number of DVs in the partition. By combining and extending a number of results in the literature, we obtain both suitable synopses and DV estimators. The synopses can be created in parallel, and can be easily combined to yield synopses and DV estimates for "compound" partitions that are created from the base partitions via arbitrary multiset union, intersection, or difference operations. Our synopses can also handle deletions of individual partition elements. We prove that our DV estimators are unbiased, provide error bounds, and show how to select synopsis sizes in order to achieve a desired estimation accuracy. Experiments and theory indicate that our synopses and estimators lead to lower computational costs and more accurate DV estimates than previous approaches.
Efficient Coding of Signal Distances Using Universal Quantized Embeddings (2013)

Traditional rate-distortion theory is focused on how to best encode a signal using as few bits as possible and incurring as low a distortion as possible. However, very often, the goal of transmission is to extract specific information from the signal at the receiving end, and the distortion should be measured on that extracted information. In this paper we examine the problem of encoding signals such that sufficient information is preserved about their pair wise distances. For that goal, we consider randomized embeddings as an encoding mechanism and provide a framework to analyze their performance. We also propose the recently developed universal quantized embeddings as a solution to that problem and experimentally demonstrate that, in image retrieval experiments, universal embedding can achieve up to 25% rate reduction over the state of the art.
Improved power efficiency for very-high-temperature solar-thermal-cavity receivers (1982)

This invention is an improved solar energy cavity receiver for exposing materials and components to high temperatures. The receiver includes a housing having an internal reflective surface defining a cavity and having an inlet for admitting solar radiation thereto. A photothermal absorber is positiond in the cavity to receive radiation from the inlet. A reflective baffle is positioned between the absorber and the inlet to severely restrict the re-radiation of energy through the inlet. The front surface of the baffle defines a narrow annulus with the internal reflective surface of the housing. The front surface of the baffle is contoured to reflect incoming radiation onto the internal surface of the housing, from which it is reflected through the annulus and onto the front surface of the absorber. The back surface of the baffle intercepts radiation from the front of the absorber. With this arrangement, a high percentage of the solar power input is retained in the cavity; thus, high internal temperatues are attained.
The Globoseries Glycosphingolipid Sialosyl Galactosyl Globoside is Found in Urinary Tract Tissues and is a Preferred Binding Receptor In Vitro for Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli Expressing Pap-Encoded Adhesins (1999)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey: Abstracts: Urinary Tract Infection1 Apr 1999The Globoseries Glycosphingolipid Sialosyl Galactosyl Globoside is Found in Urinary Tract Tissues and is a Preferred Binding Receptor In Vitro for Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli Expressing Pap-Encoded Adhesins A.E. Stapleton, M.R. Stroud, S.I. Hakomori, and W.E. Stamm A.E. StapletonA.E. Stapleton More articles by this author , M.R. StroudM.R. Stroud More articles by this author , S.I. HakomoriS.I. Hakomori More articles by this author , and W.E. StammW.E. Stamm More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(01)61738-5AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "The Globoseries Glycosphingolipid Sialosyl Galactosyl Globoside is Found in Urinary Tract Tissues and is a Preferred Binding Receptor In Vitro for Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli Expressing Pap-Encoded Adhesins." The Journal of Urology, 161(4), pp. 1413–1414 Departments of Medicine and Pathobiology, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Department of Molecular Medicine, Northwest Hospital and Biomembrane Institute, Seattle, Washington© 1999 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 161Issue 4April 1999Page: 1413-1414 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1999 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information A.E. Stapleton More articles by this author M.R. Stroud More articles by this author S.I. Hakomori More articles by this author W.E. Stamm More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Laboratory Studies of Nitrogen Oxide Removal by Pulsed Streamer Corona (1995)

Abstract : Pulsed streamer corona treatment is an advanced oxidation technology using a non thermal plasma that produces hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and aqueous electrons, all of which react with water-borne organic contaminants in the removal process. Pulsed streamer corona is an electrical discharge created by applying a continual series of sustainable, short lived, high voltage pulses to a smaller diameter metallic electrode. This discharge creates an electric field between a point-to-plane electrode geometry within a batch reactor containing organic contaminants in deionized water. This process is applied to the removal of nitrogen oxides. This research documents the reactions and reaction products that are produced in the pulsed streamer corona reactor and the optimization of the pulsed streamer corona reactor process for this purpose.
Directional coupler modulator with high linearity (1993)

Analog optical fiber communication requires linear modulators with low third order intermodulation and harmonic distortions in order to realize sufficient dynamic range. We report here a novel design of the directional coupler modulator which has used passive serial feedforward mechanism to effectively compensate nonlinear distortions. Low frequency testing has demonstrated that, for an optical modulation depth of 30% per channel, the third order intermodulation distortion is more than 30 dB lower than that of the conventional directional coupler or Mach-Zehnder modulators. Harmonic distortions are reduced substantially at the same time. Operation at rf and microwave frequencies is limited by the transit time effect.
Low-Power Clock Distribution Using a Current-Pulsed Clocked Flip-Flop (2015)

We propose a new paradigm for clock distribution that uses current, rather than voltage, to distribute a global clock signal with reduced power consumption. While current-mode (CM) signaling has been used in one-to-one signals, this is the first usage in a one-to-many clock distribution network. To accomplish this, we create a new high-performance current-mode pulsed flip-flop with enable (CMPFFE) using 45 nm CMOS technology. When the CMPFFE is combined with a CM transmitter, the first CM clock distribution network exhibits 62% lower average power compared to traditional voltage mode clocks.