gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gastrointestinal Bleeding After Craniotomy: A Retrospective Review of 518 Patients (1988)

A retrospective review of the medical records of 518 patients who underwent craniotomy over a 3 year interval was carried out to determine the rate of gastrointestinal bleeding and its relationship to the Glasgow Coma Score. There were 288 [55.5%] males and 230 [44.5%] females in the series; the mean age was 51.5 +/- 18.9 years. Forty percent had brain tumours, 18% had subarachnoid hemorrhage, 14% had spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, 19% had head injury and 8% had other diagnoses. Forty-eight [9.3%] of the patients had significant gastrointestinal bleeding, the distribution of which was as follows: hematemesis [37/518], melena [11/518] and/or hematochezia [4/518]. A further 51 [9.8%] had evidence of "coffee ground emesis" only. Of those with a Glasgow Coma Score of less than 10, 21% had significant GI bleeding while only 7% of patients with a Glasgow Coma Score greater than 10 had such a bleed [p less than 0.005]. Further analysis showed that the incidence of GI bleeding in patients who underwent craniotomy increased with decreasing GCS. GI bleeding did not correlate with age, sex, steroid administration or casual use of anti-ulcer medication.
Activation of the omega-3 fatty acid receptor GPR120 mediates anti-inflammatory actions in immortalized hypothalamic neurons (2014)

Taken together, GPR120 is functionally active in the hypothalamic neuronal line, rHypoE-7, wherein it mediates the anti-inflammatory actions of DHA to reduce the inflammatory response to TNFα.
Aircraft Weather Mitigation for the Next Generation Air Transportation System (2007)

Atmospheric effects on aviation are described by Mahapatra (1999) as including (1) atmospheric phenomena involving air motion - wind shear and turbulence; (2) hydrometeorological phenomena - rain, snow and hail; (3) aircraft icing; (4) low visibility; and (5) atmospheric electrical phenomena. Aircraft Weather Mitigation includes aircraft systems (e.g. airframe, propulsion, avionics, controls) that can be enacted (by a pilot, automation or hybrid systems) to suppress and/or prepare for the effects of encountered or unavoidable weather or to facilitate a crew operational decision-making process relative to weather. Aircraft weather mitigation can be thought of as a continuum (Figure 1) with the need to avoid all adverse weather at one extreme and the ability to safely operate in all weather conditions at the other extreme. Realistic aircraft capabilities fall somewhere between these two extremes. The capabilities of small general aviation aircraft would be expected to fall closer to the "Avoid All Adverse Weather" point, and the capabilities of large commercial jet transports would fall closer to the "Operate in All Weather Conditions" point. The ability to safely operate in adverse weather conditions is dependent upon the pilot s capabilities (training, total experience and recent experience), the airspace in which the operation is taking place (terrain, navigational aids, traffic separation), the capabilities of the airport (approach guidance, runway and taxiway lighting, availability of air traffic control), as well as the capabilities of the airplane. The level of mitigation may vary depending upon the type of adverse weather. For example, a small general aviation airplane may be equipped to operate "in the clouds" without outside visual references, but not be equipped to prevent airframe ice that could be accreted in those clouds.
Single-Crystalline Photochromism of Diarylethenes (2004)

Abstract Diarylethene single crystals which exhibit thermally irreversible and fatigue-resistant photochromic reactions have been developed. Upon irradiation with ultraviolet light, the colorless diarylethene crystals turn yellow, red, blue, or green, depending on the substituents of the aryl groups. Dichroism of the photogenerated absorption spectra and in situ X-ray crystallographic analysis confirmed that the diarylethene molecules underwent photochromism in the single-crystalline phase. The photocyclization quantum yields were found to depend on the distance between the reactive carbon atoms in the crystal; the yields were close to unity when the distance is less than 4.2 Å. Multi-color photochromism was demonstrated for the crystals composed of two types of diarylethenes. The diarylethene single crystals showed reversible surface morphology changes upon photoirradiation.
After-hours Power Status of Office Equipment and Inventory of Miscellaneous Plug-load Equipment (2004)

This research was conducted in support of two branches of the EPA ENERGY STAR program, whose overall goal is to reduce, through voluntary market-based means, the amount of carbon dioxide emitted in the U.S. The primary objective was to collect data for the ENERGY STAR Office Equipment program on the after-hours power state of computers, monitors, printers, copiers, scanners, fax machines, and multi-function devices. We also collected data for the ENERGY STAR Commercial Buildings branch on the types and amounts of ''miscellaneous'' plug-load equipment, a significant and growing end use that is not usually accounted for by building energy managers. This data set is the first of its kind that we know of, and is an important first step in characterizing miscellaneous plug loads in commercial buildings. The main purpose of this study is to supplement and update previous data we collected on the extent to which electronic office equipment is turned off or automatically enters a low power state when not in active use. In addition, it provides data on numbers and types of office equipment, and helps identify trends in office equipment usage patterns. These data improve our estimates of typical unit energy consumption and savings for each equipment type, and enables the ENERGY STAR Office Equipment program to focus future effort on products with the highest energy savings potential. This study expands our previous sample of office buildings in California and Washington DC to include education and health care facilities, and buildings in other states. We report data from twelve commercial buildings in California, Georgia, and Pennsylvania: two health care buildings, two large offices (> 500 employees each), three medium offices (50-500 employees), four education buildings, and one ''small office'' that is actually an aggregate of five small businesses. Two buildings are in the San Francisco Bay area of California, five are in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and five are in Atlanta, Georgia.
Querical Data Networks (2005)

Recently, a family of massive self-organizing data networks has emerged. These networks mainly serve as large-scale distributed query-processing systems. We term these networks querical data networks (QDN). A QDN is a federation of a dynamic set of peer, autonomous nodes communicating through a transient-form interconnection. Data is naturally distributed among the QDN nodes in extra-fine grain, where a few data items are dynamically created, collected, and/or stored at each node. Therefore, the network scales linearly to the size of the data set. With a dynamic data set, a dynamic and large set of nodes, and a transient-form communication infrastructure, QDNs should be considered as the new generation of distributed database systems with significantly less constraining assumptions as compared to their ancestors. Peer-to-peer networks (Daswani, Garcia-Molina, & Yang, 2003) and sensor networks (Akyildiz, Su, Sankarasubramaniam, & Cayirci, 2002; Estrin, Govindan, Heidemann, & Kumar, 1999) are well-known examples of QDNs.
Compensation by tumor suppressor genes during retinal development in mice and humans (2006)

We propose that intrinsic genetic compensation between Rb and p107 prevents retinoblastoma in Rb- or p107-deficient mice, but this compensation does not occur in humans. Together, these data suggest a model that explains why humans are susceptible to retinoblastoma following RB1 loss, but mice require both Rb and p107 gene inactivation.
Inhibitory Effect of Hydroxycitrate on Calcium Oxalate Crystal Formation in a <i>Drosophila</i> Model (2018)

In this study, we aimed to compare the effects of hydroxycitrate (HCA) and potassium citrate (PC) on the prevention and treatment of calcium oxalate (CaOx) stones in a fruit fly model. Drosophila melanogaster was used as an insect model of lithogenesis. The lithogenic agent used was 0.25% ethylene glycol. For determining the preventive effects, 2% PC and 2% HCA were added along with the lithogenic agent at the start of experiment. For determining the treatment effects, the lithogenic agent was added at the start of experiment to induce crystal formation, and 2% PC and 2% HCA were added from the third week. After 3 weeks, the Malpighian tubules of Drosophila were observed under polarized light microscopy, and the results were calculated. The preventive effect on the formation of CaOx in PC group was 9.38 ± 4.42% and in HCA group was 4.51 ± 3.85%. The treatment effect of PC was 56.90 ± 20.43% and that of HCA was 39.09 ± 15.36%. HCA has both preventive and treatment effects on the formation of CaOx crystals in the Malpighian tubules of Drosophila, and the effects were better than those of PC.
The development and application of a new oxidation stable detergent amylase (1997)

The paper presents the basic principles for the techniques of protein and genetic engineering used in the development and production of detergent enzymes. Further, the efficiency and stability performance of Duramyl are described, including some enzyme chemistry parameters
MELT GRANULATION: AN ALTERNATIVE TO TRADITIONAL GRANULATION TECHNIQUES (2013)

Melt granulation is a size enlargement process in which the addition of a binder that melts or softens at relatively low temperatures (about 60o C) is used to achieve agglomeration of solid particles in the formulation. The process utilizes materials that are effective as granulating agents when they are in the softened or molten state. This process can be used for the preparation of sustained released dosage forms by using lipophilic polymers, such as glycerol monostearate, a combination of a hydrophobic material such as a starch derivative and stearic acid. It also can be used to prepare fast release melt granules by utilizing water-soluble polymers and surfactants, such as PEG and poloxomers. Melt granulation is one of the most widely applied processing techniques in the array of pharmaceutical manufacturing operations.
A dynamic subgoal path planner for unpredictable environments (2010)

Although lots of planning algorithms have focused on the planning of fixed manipulators and mobile robots in moderate dynamic environments, seldom planning algorithms can be employed to deal with mobile agents in the presence of large scenario scales and unpredictable changing obstacles. Path planning for mobile robots in unpredictable environments would be an extreme challenge since computational complexity increase dramatically with high dimensionality, unpredictability and large scales. In this paper, a novel and real-time approach is proposed to solve this problem by generating subgoals dynamically according to time and potential values. This dynamic subgoal based approach includes two procedures, the subgoal generator and the inter-subgoal or inner replanner. On the one hand, a set of high-level subgoals is generated dynamically by an improved single shot strategy that could tailor itself adaptively. On the other hand, a roadmap is built during the preprocessing phase by employing a localized Dynamic Roadmap Mapping (local-DRM) for inter-subgoal replanning. Finally these two procedures will collaborate according to the potential field criterion to ensure completeness. Our approach can not only generate paths rapidly enough to satisfy the requirements of an anytime planer but also work for large scenario scales. Experimental results on different kinds of mobile agents, in large scenario scales and in the presence of unpredictable changing obstacles show that our approach can find out a collision free path on an average of 0.11s for a single planning, indicating an anytime planner.
Iron dextran treatment in peritoneal dialysis patients on erythropoietin. (1992)

Weekly/biweekly maintenance intramuscular iron dextran injection was effective and safe iron supplemental therapy in PD patients with poor response or side effects to oral iron.
Performance investigation of secure 802.11 wireless LANs : raising the security bar to which level? (2003)

Wireless networks have gained popularity, providing users flexibility and mobility in accessing information. The IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) standard has become the dominant architecture in practice. Private WLANs are used by businesses and home users, while public WLANs have been established in areas expected to have high demand for bandwidth, such as cafes, airports, and hotels. Existing solutions for such WLAN access networks have been exposed to security vulnerabilities. Although researchers have proposed improved security for WLANs, very little work exists in the area of understanding the interaction between WLANs and their emerging and evolving security architectures with respect to the performance impacts of these security measures. The aim of this thesis is to quantify the impact on network performance resulting from the adoption of these security mechanisms. This study investigated the performance and security issues of IEEE 802.11 wireless networks using layered security models. The two models defined in the research were the IEEE 802.1X and Virtual Private Network (VPN). Our results showed that different security mechanisms degraded WLAN performance in different ways. Network performance degradation increased as the protection of the security mechanisms increased. Furthermore, the VPN model impacted the performance more than the 802.1X model. The performance degradation calculated was incorporated into constructing a wireless security policy template for wireless “security insurance”.
Controlling chaotic continuous-time systems via feedback (2005)

The authors study how to design a conventional nonlinear feedback controller to drive a chaotic trajectory of the well-known (continuous-time) Duffing system to any of its inherent periodic orbits. The motivation for this research is twofold. First, the controller's design for driving a chaotic trajectory to a periodic orbit is more difficult and hence more interesting from a theoretical point of view. Second, it has a more significant physical meaning, for example, when a periodic oscillation of a machine is expected to be recovered from its chaotic situations during the motion and then to be maintained thereafter.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A spectral model for halftone color prediction (2002)

We take a spectral model based approach to the problem of color prediction of halftones. Our approach assumes no scattering through the colorant layers and models the surface and subsurface scattering in the paper substrate by a parametric closed form point spread function. Given a halftone bitmap, we synthesize a high-resolution halftone microstructure image assuming dot profiles with Gaussian roll-offs, from which we compute a high-resolution transmission image. We then convolve this transmission image with the point spread function of the paper substrate to predict the average spectral distribution of the halftone. We use the spectral distribution measurements made by a spectrophotometer to train our model be. To iterate over a set of values For the two parameters of our model: the parameter for the point spread function of the paper substrate and the proportionality constant to obtain the transmittance of the colorant layer from the colorant dot count and the absorption spectrum of the colorant. Preliminary experimental results show the efficacy of our method.
Ceramide Channels Increase the Permeability of the Mitochondrial Outer Membrane to Small Proteins (2002)

Ceramides are known to play a major regulatory role in apoptosis by inducing cytochrome c release from mitochondria. We have previously reported that C(2)- and C(16)-ceramide, but not dihydroceramide, form large channels in planar membranes (Siskind, L. J., and Colombini, M. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 275, 38640-38644). Here we show that ceramides do not trigger a cytochrome c secretion or release mechanism, but simply raise the permeability of the mitochondrial outer membrane, via ceramide channel formation, to include small proteins. Exogenously added reduced cytochrome c was able to freely permeate the mitochondrial outer membrane with entry to and exit from the intermembrane space facilitated by ceramides in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The permeability pathways were eliminated upon removal of C(2)-ceramide by bovine serum albumin, thus ruling out a detergent-like effect of C(2)-ceramide on membranes. Ceramide channels were not specific to cytochrome c, as ceramides induced release of adenylate kinase, but not fumerase from isolated mitochondria, showing some specificity of these channels for the outer mitochondrial membrane. SDS-PAGE results show that ceramides allow release of intermembrane space proteins with a molecular weight cut-off of about 60,000. These results indicate that the ceramide-induced membrane permeability increases in isolated mitochondria are via ceramide channel formation and not a release mechanism, as the channels that allow cytochrome c to freely permeate are reversible, and are not specific to cytochrome c.
Lithium doping of semiconducting organic charge transport materials (2001)

We study the effects of lithium (Li) incorporation in the cathodes of organic light-emitting devices. A thermally evaporated surface layer of metallic Li is found to diffuse through, and subsequently dope, the electron transporting organic semiconducting thin films immediately below the cathode, forming an Ohmic contact. A diffusion length of ∼700 Å is inferred from analyses of the current–voltage and secondary ion mass spectrometry data. The conductivity of the Li-doped organic films is ∼3×10−5 S/cm. Photoemission spectroscopy suggests that Li lowers the barrier to injection at the organic/cathode interface, introduces gap states in the bulk of the organic semiconductor, and dopes the bulk to facilitate efficient charge transport.
The response of seborrhoeic dermatitis to ketoconazole (1984)

A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over study was made of ketoconazole 200 mg daily in nineteen patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis. All had scalp lesions and sixteen had seborrhoeic dermatitis at other sites. Responses were measured by clinician and patients independently, using a linear analogue scale. Body and scalp lesions and itch regressed considerably and significantly with ketoconazole in all but five patients, three of whom subsequently responded to a higher dose. The patients studied with seborrhoeic dermatitis had been sent by their family doctors in answer to a request for patients with dandruff, and the clinical difference between the two was found to be only of degree. Three patients with dandruff without erythema were studied separately using the same study design: all three responded similarly to those with seborrhoeic eczema. It is concluded that Pityrosporum yeast infection is the immediate cause of seborrhoeic dermatitis and that dandruff is its mildest manifestation.
DEVELOPMENT OF ONCE-DAILY MYCOPHENOLATE MOFETIL SUSTAINED RELEASE ORAL NANOPARTICLES (2017)

Objective: To develop an oral sustained release formulation of the immunosuppressive drug, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) for once-daily dosing, for use in organ transplant recipients as an anti-rejection drug. Formulating mucoadhesive chitosan-coated polymeric nanoparticles (CS-PNPs) of MMF presents a novel strategy for achieving sustained drug release of an essential drug for transplant patients, which could improve medication adherence and therefore transplant outcomes. \nMethods: MMF CS-PNPs were prepared by a single emulsion solvent evaporation method in chloroform with slight modifications. All the formulations are evaluated for particle size, encapsulation efficiency as well as in vitro drug release in USP simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and in vitro mucin binding of the nanoparticles were performed for further characterization. \nResults: Two optimal formulations [MMF: PLA: MMWC= 1:7:7 and MMF: HMWPLGA: HMWC= 1:7:7] had high encapsulation efficiency (94.34% and 75.44% respectively) and sustained drug release with a minimal burst phase. DSC experiments reveal an amorphous form of MMF in the nanoparticle formulations. The surface morphology of CS-PNPs observed by SEM showed spherical nanoparticles with minimal visible porosity. Mucin binding was assessed by changes in zeta potential after incubation of the nanoparticles in mucin. \nConclusion: Two CS-PNP formulations; MMF: HMWPLGA: HMWC= 1:7:7 (w/w/w) and MMF: PLA: MMW= 1:7:7(w/w/w) had high drug loading and sustained drug release of MMF, representing lead candidates in the effort to design a once-daily dosage form for MMF.
A spline-based Hammerstein predistortion for 3G power amplifiers with hard nonlinearities (2010)

In this paper, we focus on the digital predistortion for the linearization of power amplifiers (PAs) with intrinsic hard nonlinearities, such as Doherty PAs, envelope tracking (ET) PAs widely explored in the third generation (3G) communication systems. Conventional Volterra-series-based predistortion with high degree nonlinearities suffers from the difficulty of real-time implement and the problem of numerical instability. Accordingly, a block-oriented Hammerstein predistortion with cubic-spline static nonlinearity is proposed, and the separable nonlinear least squares (SNLS) method is used to identify the Hammerstein coefficients, which significantly reduces the dimension of search space. A normalization convergence scheme is also presented to ensure the global optimum. The experiments are carried out on uplink single-carrier WCDMA signals, the results show that both the static nonlinear distortion and the memory effect of the PA under test are compensated significantly, and fast convergence is achieved by the normalization scheme.
Preliminaries (2019)

This book has as its subtitle Normal Forms and All That Jazz. Clearly some explanation is needed! First of all, of course, I’m talking about design theory—database design theory, that is—and everybody knows that normal forms are a major component of that theory; hence the first part of the subtitle. But there’s more to that theory than just normal forms, and that fact accounts for that subtitle’s second part. Third, it’s unfortunately the case that—from the practitioner’s point of view, at any rate—design theory seems to be riddled with terms and concepts that are hard to understand and don’t seem to have much to do with design as actually done in practice. That’s why I framed the latter part of my subtitle in colloquial (not to say slangy) terms; I wanted to convey the idea that, although we’d necessarily be dealing with “difficult” material on occasion, the treatment of that material would be as undaunting and unintimidating as I could make it. But whether I’ve succeeded in that aim is for you to judge, of course.
Urbanidad en la ciudad (2015)

Si intentamos una primera definicion del concepto urbanidad nos encontraremos con referencias tales que lo relacionan con educacion, cultura y forma de vida.