gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Learning Dual Convolutional Neural Networks for Low-Level Vision (2018)

In this paper, we propose a general dual convolutional neural network (DualCNN) for low-level vision problems, e.g., super-resolution, edge-preserving filtering, deraining and dehazing. These problems usually involve the estimation of two components of the target signals: structures and details. Motivated by this, our proposed DualCNN consists of two parallel branches, which respectively recovers the structures and details in an end-to-end manner. The recovered structures and details can generate the target signals according to the formation model for each particular application. The DualCNN is a flexible framework for low-level vision tasks and can be easily incorporated into existing CNNs. Experimental results show that the DualCNN can be effectively applied to numerous low-level vision tasks with favorable performance against the state-of-the-art methods.
Pattern Division Multiple Access: A New Multiple Access Technology for 5G (2018)

The anticipated 1000-fold increase in mobile data traffic over the next decade and the explosion of new services and applications pose great challenges for the current orthogonal multiple access (OMA)-based 4G systems. A promising solution to address these challenges is to shift from the currently predominant OMA to non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). This article first introduces the principle of the complexity-constrained capacity-achieving NOMA design. Then a non-orthogonal pattern division multiple access (PDMA) scheme is proposed to meet the exponentially growing demand of mobile users for computing and information application services. The key feature of the PDMA scheme is a joint design of transmitter and receiver, which allows low-complexity successive interference cancellation (SIC)-based multi-user detection with substantially improved performance over conventional OMA schemes. More specifically, the patterns of multiple users are judiciously designed so that the data symbols of different users are of appropriate diversity disparity at the symbol level and power disparity at the resource element level. The appropriate disparity in diversity and power can be effectively exploited by the low-complexity SICbased detector to realize the near-perfect cancellation of multi-user interference. Moreover, the PDMA system parameters can be flexibly adjusted to provide different levels of overload, rendering it suitable to meet the diverse traffic requirements in future 5G systems. Link-level simulations illustrate that PDMA is capable of accommodating a 300 percent overload, while it still enjoys transmission reliability close to conventional OMA schemes. The results demonstrated in this article indicate that PDMA can be a promising multiple access technology with low signaling overhead, low latency, and massive connectivity support for 5G.
Quantis (2014)

Dada uma amostra (ou coleção de dados), define-se uma medida de localização a que se dá o nome de quantil de ordem p, com 0 < p < 1, como sendo o valor Q<sub>p</sub> tal que 100p% dos elementos da amostra são menores ou iguais a Q<sub>p</sub> e os restantes 100(1 - p)% elementos da amostra são maiores ou iguais a Q<sub>p</sub>.
Static error detection using semantic inconsistency inference (2007)

Inconsistency checking is a method for detecting software errors that relies only on examining multiple uses of a value. We propose that inconsistency inference is best understood as a variant of the older and better understood problem of type inference. Using this insight, we describe a precise and formal framework for discovering inconsistency errors. Unlike previous approaches to the problem, our technique for finding inconsistency errors is purely semantic and can deal with complex aliasing and path-sensitive conditions. We have built a nullde reference analysis of C programs based on semantic inconsistency inference and have used it to find hundreds of previously unknown null dereference errors in widely used C programs.
Ergodic Capacity of Two-Hop Multiple Antenna AF Systems With Co-Channel Interference (2015)

In this letter, we analyze the ergodic capacity of a two-hop multiple-antenna amplify and forward (AF) system, where the relay is subject to co-channel interference (CCI) while the destination is corrupted by additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) only. A novel integral transform, called the complementary moment generating function transform (CMGF), is proposed as a unified tool to compute the ergodic capacity. When both the relay and destination perform maximum ratio combining (MRC), we derive a new analytical exact expression for the ergodic capacity. It is shown that the ergodic capacity is better improved by increasing the number of antennas at the relay N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> than that at destination N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sub> . Unfortunately, the system shows an incapability of canceling interference even if N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> and/or N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sub> grows large.
Transconjugation of erm(X) conferring high-level resistance of clindamycin for Cutibacterium acnes (2018)

Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) can become an exacerbating factor in acne vulgaris. Clindamycin has been most frequently used for the treatment of inflammatory acne vulgaris. We studied clindamycin susceptibility and resistance determinants of C. acnes isolated from acne patients in Japan. The isolation rate of clindamycin-resistant C. acnes had significantly increased from 20.3 % in 2009-2010 to 44.1 % in 2016-2017. Strains carrying erm(X), which confers high-level resistance to clindamycin, had significantly increased from 1.4 to 11.8 %. Sequence analysis of the resistance determinant showed that erm(X) was coded on transposon Tn5432. A transconjugation experiment showed that erm(X) can be transferred between C. acnes strains with high frequency and the transconjugants harboured transposon Tn5432 encoding erm(X). Our data show the transconjugation of erm(X) in C. acnes and strongly suggest that the transmission of erm(X) between C. acnes contributes to the increase and spread of clindamycin-resistant C. acnes strains in acne patients.
Separation of Phenols by Packed Column Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (1991)

Phenols are rapidly and efficiently separated by packed column supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). The effect of temperature, pressure, additive identity, and concentration on retention are studied. Polar modifiers do not completely suppress tailing. The addition of a very polar additive, like trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), to a modified mobile phase improves peak shapes, apparently by covering active sites on the silica packing material. Additives sometimes continue to be retained and improve peak shapes even after removal from the mobile phase.
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor-1 as a Novel Target for the Antiangiogenic Treatment of Breast Cancer (2014)

Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are normally expressed in the central nervous system, where they mediate neuronal excitability and neurotransmitter release. Certain cancers, including melanoma and gliomas, express various mGluR subtypes that have been implicated as playing a role in disease progression. Recently, we detected metabotropic glutamate receptor-1 (gene: GRM1; protein: mGluR1) in breast cancer and found that it plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation and tumor growth. In addition to cancer cells, brain endothelial cells express mGluR1. In light of these studies, and because angiogenesis is both a prognostic indicator in cancer correlating with a poorer prognosis and a potential therapeutic target, we explored a potential role for mGluR1 in mediating endothelial cell (EC) proliferation and tumor-induced angiogenesis. GRM1 and mGluR1 were detected in various types of human ECs and, using mGluR1-specific inhibitors or shRNA silencing, we demonstrated that EC growth and Matrigel tube formation are dependent on mGluR1 signaling. In addition, loss of mGluR1 activity leads to reduced angiogenesis in a murine Matrigel sponge implant model as well as a murine tumor model. These results suggest a role for mGluR1 in breast cancer as a pro-angiogenic factor as well as a mediator of tumor progression. They also suggest mGluR1 as a potential new molecular target for the anti-angiogenic therapy of breast cancer.
PET Radioligands for the Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter (VAChT) (2010)

The vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) is a glycoprotein responsible for the accumulation of acetylcholine into pre-synaptic vesicules of cholinergic neurons. Cholinergic innervation has been shown to be decreased at the earlier stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thus, the expression of VAChT has been correlated with the severity of the dementia and has been considered as a significant diagnostic target for AD. To this end numerous radioligands based on the vesamicol scaffold have been developed for imaging the VAChT using positron emission tomography (PET). Among the various radioligands only a small number have been evaluated in vivo in non-human primate and human. Despite promising in vitro, ex vivo and first in vivo studies, most of them are unsuitable for clinical use in humans due to poor selectivity over σ receptors, low extraction from the blood, slow brain kinetics or fast metabolism. To date (-)-[(11)C]OMV (1), (-)-[(11)C]MABV (2), (-)-[(18)F]-FEOBV (6), (-)-trans-2-hydroxy-3-(4-(4-[(18)F]fluorobenzoyl)piperidine)tetralin (8) and [(18)F]FBMV (12) are promising radioligands for the VAChT, though further validation is required to confirm their clinical usefulness.
Resource Availability Optimization for Priority Classes in a Website (2006)

High resource availability in computer networks has become a critical issue as it can be affected by the increasing number of network users. A methodology based on classifying Website visitors into priority groups is proposed, assuring high availability for priority classes, based on reserved Website resources that can be accessed only by these groups and simultaneously providing as many resources as possible to lower priority visitors. A birth-death process is proposed to model Website visitors' arrival and service. An optimization problem is solved to determine the optimal trade off between resource availability for high priority visitors and free resource access to lower priority visitors. The major contribution of this paper consists in deriving formulas for the probability that a Website visitor has no further access to resources and in determining the optimal reserved resources assuring the above trade off
Keyword extraction from the Web for personal metadata annotation (2004)

Abstract. With the currently growing interest in the Semantic Web and Social Networking, personal metadata is coming to play an important role in the Web. This paper proposes a novel keyword extraction method to extract personal metadata from the Web. The proposed method is based on co-occurrence information of words. Our method extracts relevant keywords depending on the context of a person. Our experimental results show that extracted keywords are useful for personal metadata creation. We also discuss the annotation of personal metadata and application to the Semantic Web. 1
Use of BACTEC MGIT 960 for Recovery of Mycobacteria from Clinical Specimens: Multicenter Study (1999)

The BACTEC MGIT 960 instrument is a fully automated system that exploits the fluorescence of an oxygen sensor to detect growth of mycobacteria in culture. Its performance was compared to those of the radiometric BACTEC 460 instrument and egg-based Lowenstein-Jensen medium. An identical volume of sample was inoculated in different media, and incubation was carried out for 6 weeks with the automatic systems and for 8 weeks on solid media. A total of 2,567 specimens obtained from 1,631 patients were cultured in parallel. Mycobacteria belonging to nine different taxa were isolated by at least one of the culture systems, with 75% of them being represented by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. The best yield was obtained with the BACTEC 460 system, with 201 isolates, in comparison with 190 isolates with the BACTEC MGIT 960 system and 168 isolates with Lowenstein-Jensen medium. A similar but not significant difference was obtained when the most-represented organisms, the M. tuberculosis complex, Mycobacterium xenopi, and the Mycobacterium avium complex, were analyzed separately and when combinations of a solid medium with the BACTEC MGIT 960 system and with the BACTEC 460 system were considered. The shortest times to detection were obtained with the BACTEC MGIT 960 system (13.3 days); 1.5 days earlier than that with the BACTEC 460 system (14.8 days) and 12 days earlier than that with Lowenstein-Jensen medium (25.6 days). The BACTEC MGIT 960 system had a contamination rate of 10.0%, intermediate between those of the radiometric system (3.7%) and the egg-based medium (17.0%). We conclude, therefore, that the BACTEC MGIT 960 system is a fully automated, nonradiometric instrument that is suitable for the detection of growth of tuberculous and other mycobacterial species and that is characterized by detection times that are even shorter than that of the "gold standard," the BACTEC 460 system. The contamination rate was higher than that for the radiometric BACTEC 460 system and needs to be improved.
Stable Adaptive Control and Estimation for Nonlinear Systems: Neural and Fuzzy Approximator Techniques (2001)

From the Publisher:
A powerful, yet easy-to-use design methodology for the of nonlinear dynamic systems
A key issue in the design of systems is proving that the resulting closed-loop system is stable, especially in cases of high consequence applications, where process variations or failure could result in unacceptable risk. Adaptive techniques provide a proven methodology for designing stable controllers for systems that may possess a large amount of uncertainty. At the same time, the benefits of neural networks and fuzzy systems are generating much excitement-and impressive innovations-in almost every engineering discipline.
Stable Adaptive Control and Estimation for Nonlinear Systems: Neural and Fuzzy Approximator Techniques brings together these two different but equally useful approaches to the of nonlinear systems in order to provide students and practitioners with the background necessary to understand and contribute to this emerging field.
The text presents a methodology that may be verified with mathematical rigor while possessing the flexibility and ease of implementation associated with intelligent control approaches. The authors show how these methodologies may be applied to many real-world systems including motor control, aircraft control, industrial automation, and many other challenging nonlinear systems. They provide explicit guidelines to make the design and application of the various techniques a practical and painless process.
Design techniques are presented for nonlinear multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems in state-feedback, output-feedback, continuous or discrete-time, or even decentralized form. To help students and practitioners new to the field grasp and sustain mastery of the material, the book features:
Background material on fuzzy systems and neural networksStep-by-step controller designNumerous examplesCase studies using real world applicationsHomework problems and design projects
The gel‐phase modulus of high‐impact polystyrene from dynamic mechanical spectroscopy (1988)

Abstract High‐impact polystyrene (HIPS) constitutes a mechanically attractive composite, consisting of a glassy matrix and a rubberlike particle phase (gel phase). Dynamic mechanical spectroscopy was performed for the polystyrene matrix for three different types of HIPS as well as for the concentrated gel‐phase material, at the vicinity of the respective glass‐transition temperatures ( T g ). An approximate estimation of the gel‐phase modulus was attempted by using known mechanical models. A comparison with experiments was also made. The modulus of the composite was found to be lower than the theoretical lower bound for particulate composites. This was attributed to a separate phase between gel particles and the matrix. A diffusion‐type variation of the modulus of this mesophase layer was estimated, and a correlation between calculated fitting parametric exponents and impact behavior of HIPS was found. Moreover, the T g s of the materials under investigation were also measured with two independent methods. It was found that all types of HIPS presented higher T g s than the pure matrix by 5 to 10°C with the highest T g found being that of the gel‐enriched material. The shift of T g s to higher temperatures was attributed to an eventual increase of the effective cross‐link density of the matrix because of grafting.
The First Optically Active BINOL−BINAP Copolymer Catalyst:  Highly Stereoselective Tandem Asymmetric Reactions  [<i>J. Am. Chem. Soc</i>. <b>2000</b>, <i>122</i>, 6500−6501]. (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionThe First Optically Active BINOL−BINAP Copolymer Catalyst: Highly Stereoselective Tandem Asymmetric Reactions [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 6500−6501]. Hong-Bin Yu, Qiao-Sheng Hu, and Lin PuCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 15, 3621Publication Date (Web):March 23, 2001Publication History Published online23 March 2001Published inissue 1 April 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja015147khttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja015147kcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views526Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (14 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Kinetic Assay of the Michael Addition‐Like Thiol–Ene Reaction and Insight into Protein Bioconjugation (2014)

The chemical modification of proteins is a valuable technique in understanding the functions, interactions, and dynamics of proteins. Reactivity and selectivity are key issues in current chemical modification of proteins. The Michael addition-like thiol-ene reaction is a useful tool that can be used to tag proteins with high selectivity for the solvent-exposed thiol groups of proteins. To obtain insight into the bioconjugation of proteins with this method, a kinetic analysis was performed. New vinyl-substituted pyridine derivatives were designed and synthesized. The reactivity of these vinyl tags with L-cysteine was evaluated by UV absorption and high-resolution NMR spectroscopy. The results show that protonation of pyridine plays a key role in the overall reaction rates. The kinetic parameters were assessed in protein modification. The different reactivities of these vinyl tags with solvent-exposed cysteine is valuable information in the selective labeling of proteins with multiple functional groups.
The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Intermediate Response Message (2004)

This document defines and describes the IntermediateResponse message, a general mechanism for defining single-request/multiple-response operations in Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP). The IntermediateResponse message is defined in such a way that the protocol behavior of existing LDAP operations is maintained. This message is intended to be used in conjunction with the LDAP ExtendedRequest and ExtendedResponse to define new single- request/multiple-response operations or in conjunction with a control when extending existing LDAP operations in a way that requires them to return intermediate response information.
Iron mobilization from ferritin by superoxide derived from stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Possible mechanism in inflammation diseases. (1984)

During inflammation, the superoxide anion (O-2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are produced by stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages. The toxic effects of these reactive oxygen intermediates increase when traces of iron are present, because iron catalyzes the formation of the hydroxyl radical (OH.). Partially saturated iron-binding proteins, such as transferrin and ferritin, are unable to catalyze OH. formation in vitro. Mobilization of iron from these proteins is necessary for iron stimulation of OH. formation. This paper reports that stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes mobilize iron from human and horse ferritin, but not from human transferrin. Iron release from ferritin depends on O-2 because it can be prevented by the addition of superoxide dismutase. Catalase and dimethylsulfoxide have no inhibitory effect on iron mobilization. The efficiency of the iron release increases at low levels of O-2 production. Only O-2 produced by granulocytes is sufficient for iron mobilization, because solid potassium superoxide is also able to release iron from ferritin. We propose that this reaction may potentiate the formation of the OH. radical in inflammatory states.
Dynamic microfluidic nanocalorimetry system for measuring<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>metabolic heat (2018)

Basal heat production is a key phenotype for assessing the metabolic activity of small living organisms. Here, we present a new nanocalorimetric system, based on thin film thermopile sensors combined with microfluidic chips for measuring metabolic heat signals generated by Caenorhabditis elegans larval populations (60 to 220 organisms). In addition to versatile on-chip fluidic manipulation, our microfluidic approach allows confining worm populations close to the sensor surface, thus increasing the sensitivity of the assays. A customized flow protocol for dynamically displacing the worm population on-chip and off-chip was applied. The resulting sequential recordings of heat source and reference signals enabled precise measurements of slow varying heat-generating metabolic processes. We found an increase of the volume-specific basal heat production from the L2 to the L3 larval stage, and a significant decrease from the L3 to the L4 stage. Additionally, we investigated the metabolic heat production of the larval populations during maximal respiratory capacity, i.e. after inducing uncoupled respiration by on-chip treatment with the mitochondrial uncoupling agent carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone (FCCP). Depending on the larval stage, inducing uncoupled respiration causes an increase of the metabolic heat production ranging from 55% up to 95% with respect to untreated worms.