gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Smart Phone System Security Based on Authorization Management (2013)

With the booming of smart phone, smart phone system security becomes an import topic in both academic study and industrial practice. The primary way to secure a system is to avoid illegal access to resources such as file, application, phone call history etc. Authorization and authentication management technology are always combined to secure information system by restricting resource access to pre-defined policies. There are many studies on authorization management on information system on PC world. But it is a fresh topic to apply authorization management on smart phone system. This paper tries to apply authorization management theory to smart phone system, and develops a sample to protect Angry Birds, a game on smart phone. The sample illustrates the usage and proves the feasibility of authorization management on smart phone.
Changes in colloid oncotic pressure during and after cardiopulmonary bypass (1988)

Thirty-one patients undergoing open-heart surgery for uncomplicated coronary artery disease were studied. All patients had dextran 70 (Macrodex, Pharmacia) in the priming solution. In Group I patients (n = 16) 3.5% dextran 40 (Rheomacrodex, Pharmacia) was added to the cardioplegic solution. Group II patients (n = 15) received our standard crystalloid cardioplegia. A higher colloid oncotic pressure (COP) was noticed in Group I during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and immediately postoperatively. The albumin levels were higher in Group II during and after bypass. No differences could be demonstrated in the concentrations of total serum protein. Preoperative levels of COP were reached two hours postoperatively and 24 hours postoperatively for albumin and total proteins. The addition of dextran 40 to the cardioplegic solution did not influence haemodynamic parameters. The clinical course was uneventful in both groups.
Proprotein convertase inhibition: Paralyzing the cell’s master switches (2017)

Proprotein convertases are serine proteases responsible for the cleavage and subsequent activation of protein substrates, many of them relevant for the development of an ample variety of diseases. Seven of the PCs, including furin and PACE4, recognize and hydrolyze the C-terminal end of the general sequence RXRR/KXR, whereas PCSK-9 recognizes a series of non-basic amino acids. In some systems, PC-mediated substrate activation results in the development of pathological processes, such as cancer, endocrinopathies, and cardiovascular and infectious diseases. After establishing PCs as relevant contributors to disease processes, research efforts were directed towards the development of inhibition strategies, including small and large molecules, anti-sense therapies, and antibody-based therapies. Most of these inhibitors mimic the consensus sequence of PCs, blocking the active site in a competitive manner. The most promising inhibitors were designed as bioengineered proteins; however, some non-protein and peptidomimetic agents have also proved to be effective. These efforts led to the design of pre-clinical studies and clinical trials utilizing inhibitors to PCs. Although the initial studies were performed using non-selective PCs inhibitors, such as CMK, the search for more specific, and compartmentalized selective inhibitors resulted in specific activities ascribed to some, but not all of the PCs. For instance, PACE4 inhibitors were effective in decreasing prostate cancer cell proliferation, and neovascularization. Decreased metastatic ovarian cancer utilizing furin inhibitors represents one of the major endeavors, currently in a phase II trial stage. Antibodies targeting PCSK-9 decreased significantly the levels of HDL-cholesterol, in a phase III trial. The study of Proprotein convertases has reached a stage of maturity. New strategies based on the alteration of their activity at the cellular and clinical level represent a promising experimental pharmacology field. The development of allosteric inhibitors, or specific agents directed against individual PCs is one of the challenges to be unraveled in the future.
The step‐and‐shoot IMRT overshooting phenomenon: a novel method to mitigate patient overdosage (2016)

The goal of this work is to evaluate the dosimetric impact of an overshooting phenomenon in step-and-shoot IMRT delivery, and to demonstrate a novel method to mitigate the issue. Five pelvis IMRT patients treated on Varian 2100C EX linacs with larger than +4.5% phantom ion chamber point-dose difference relative to planned dose were investigated. For each patient plan, 5 fractions were delivered. DynaLog files were recorded and centi-MU pulses from dose integrator board for every control point (CP) were counted using a commercial pulse counter. The counter recorded CP MU agrees with DynaLog records, both showing an ~ 0.6MU overshoot of the first segment of every beam. The 3D patient dose was recalculated from the counter records and compared to the planned dose, showing that the overshoot resulted in on average 2.05% of PTV D95 error, and 2.49%, 2.61% and 2.45% of D1cc error for rectum, bladder, and bowel, respectively. The initial plans were then modified by inserting a specially designed MLC segment to the start of every beam. The modified plans were also delivered five times. The dose from the modified delivery was calculated using counter recorded CP MU. The corresponding Dx parameters were all within 0.31% from the original plan. IMRT QA results also show a 2.2% improvement in ion chamber point-dose agreement. The results demonstrate that the proposed plan modification method effectively eliminates the overdosage from the overshooting phenomenon.
The interpretation of anglers’records (trout and sea trout, Salmo trutta L., and salmon, Salmo salar L.) (1985)

Abstract. This paper collates the results of five surveys which were made to determine the average catch of anglers not making a return at game fisheries. This pilot study shows that the average catch per licence/permit () may be estimated from the average and the proportion of unprompted returns, (mu) and (pu) respectively, by the empirical equation , for trout and sea trout, Salmo trutta L. Salmon, Salmo salar L., catcrl’rates may be best estimated from . Typical values for United Kingdom waters are tabulated for recent seasons. Rod catches of stillwater and migratory fish closely follow the Negative Binomial distribution. Their means and variances are shown to be related empirically by Taylor's power law: for daily records of stillwater trout and migratory fish, and for annual records of salmon, and of sea trout. A method of estimating the expected frequency distribution of catches at any water is shown. The distribution is truncated where the nil catches are not recorded and is censored where the bag is limited; here a microcomputer was programmed to compute the estimates of the mean and variance of the catches and to print the full distribution.
Structure of the 70-kDa Soluble Lytic Transglycosylase Complexed with Bulgecin A. Implications for the Enzymic Mechanism (1995)

Bulgecins are O-sulfonated glycopeptides that are able to enhance the antibacterial activity of beta-lactam antibiotics. The 70-kDa soluble lytic transglycosylase (SLT70) from Escherichia coli forms a specific target of these compounds. Using X-ray crystallography, the three-dimensional structure of a complex of SLT70 with bulgecin A has been determined to 2.8-A resolution and refined to an R factor of 19.5%. The model contains all 618 amino acids of SLT70 and a single molecule of bound bulgecin, located in the active site of the enzyme. The glycopeptide inhibitor is bound in an extended conformation occupying sites analogous to the B, C, and D subsites of lysozyme. Upon binding of bulgecin, the three-stranded antiparallel beta-sheet in the C domain shows a pronounced shift toward the inhibitor. In subsite D, the proposed catalytic residue Glu478 forms a hydrogen bond to the hydroxymethyl oxygen of the proline part of bulgecin and interacts electrostatically with the proline NH2+ group. These interactions, in addition to the interactions observed for the 2-acetamido group of the N-acetylglucosamine residue bound in subsite C, may explain the strong inhibition of SLT70 activity by bulgecin, suggesting that bulgecin acts as an analogue of an oxocarbonium ion intermediate in the reaction catalyzed by SLT70. The structure of the SLT70--bulgecin A complex may be of assistance in the rational design of novel antibiotics.
Hybrid, Multiresolution Wires with Massless Frictional Contacts (2010)

We describe a method for the visual interactive simulation of wires contacting with rigid multibodies. The physical model used is a hybrid combining lumped elements and massless quasistatic representations. The latter is based on a kinematic constraint preserving the total length of the wire along a segmented path which can involve multiple bodies simultaneously and dry frictional contact nodes used for roping, lassoing, and fastening. These nodes provide stick and slide friction along the edges of the contacting geometries. The lumped element resolution is adapted dynamically based on local stability criteria, becoming coarser as the tension increases, and up to the purely kinematic representation. Kinematic segments and contact nodes are added, deleted, and propagated based on contact geometries and dry friction configurations. The method gives a dramatic increase in both performance and robustness because it quickly decimates superfluous nodes without loosing stability, yet adapts to complex configurations with many contacts and high curvature, keeping a fixed, large integration time step. Numerical results demonstrating the performance and stability of the adaptive multiresolution scheme are presented along with an array of representative simulation examples illustrating the versatility of the frictional contact model.
Coexistent mutations of <i>KRAS</i> and <i>PIK3CA</i> affect the efficacy of NVP‐BEZ235, a dual PI3K/MTOR inhibitor, in regulating the PI3K/MTOR pathway in colorectal cancer (2013)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) with mutational activation of KRAS is observed frequently. In addition, PIK3CA mutations commonly coexist with KRAS mutations and lead to additive activation of the PI3K/MTOR signaling pathway. Here, we investigated how CRC cells that harbor KRAS and PIK3CA mutations affect sensitivity to inhibition of PI3K/MTOR with NVP-BEZ235 (BEZ235). We selected CRC patient samples and assessed their mutational status. CRC patients with KRAS or PIK3CA mutations show activation of AKT and MTOR, particularly when KRAS and PIK3CA mutations coexist. Suppression of PI3K/MTOR by BEZ235 results in a growth inhibitory effect and enhanced apoptosis via BIM activation in KRAS mutant cells. Mutational activation of KRAS when accompanied by a PIK3CA mutation converges at PI3K/MTOR pathway activation, resulting in resistance to BEZ235. BIM knockdown blocked the apoptotic response to BEZ235 in KRAS mutant cells, suggesting that PI3K inhibition leads to BIM accumulation. Moreover, BEZ235 treatment resulted in induction of FOXO3A activity and its induced transcription of BIM activation, which sensitized cells to cytotoxic agents leading to apoptosis in double mutant cells in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our data suggest that targeting PI3K/MTOR sensitizes cells to apoptosis, implying that activation of PI3K/MTOR signaling via KRAS or PIK3CA mutation is an important pathway in CRC cell growth. Based on these results, coexistent KRAS and PIK3CA mutations confer resistance to BEZ235 via suppression of BIM-induced apoptosis, suggesting that combined treatment with conventional chemoagents is a potential strategy in the clinic.
Deep Neural Networks for Emotion Recognition Combining Audio and Transcripts (2018)

In this paper, we propose to improve emotion recognition by combining acoustic information and conversation transcripts.On the one hand, a LSTM network was used to detect emotion from acoustic features like f0, shimmer, jitter, MFCC, etc.On the other hand, a multi-resolution CNN was used to detect emotion from word sequences.This CNN consists of several parallel convolutions with different kernel sizes to exploit contextual information at different levels.A temporal pooling layer aggregates the hidden representations of different words into a unique sequence level embedding, from which we computed the emotion posteriors.We optimized a weighted sum of classification and verification losses.The verification loss tries to bring embeddings from same emotions closer while separating embeddings from different emotions.We also compared our CNN with state-of-the-art text-based hand-crafted features (e-vector).We evaluated our approach on the USC-IEMOCAP dataset as well as the dataset consisting of US English telephone speech.In the former, we used human-annotated transcripts while in the latter, we used ASR transcripts.The results showed fusing audio and transcript information improved unweighted accuracy by relative 24% for IEMOCAP and relative 3.4% for the telephone data compared to a single acoustic system.
Physiological Detection of Deception: Measurement of Responses to Questions and Answers During Countermeasure Maneuvers (1980)

ABSTRACT Physiological detection of deception (“lie detection”) procedures were evaluated with 24 actors, half of whom were “guilty” of a mock‐crime and half were “innocent.” All subjects were trained in the Stanislavsky method of acting and were instructed to use this method to appear innocent on the polygraph test. Two versions of the control question detection of deception test were employed: one in which subjects verbally answered immediately following each question and the other in which they delayed their verbal answer for 8 sec following each question. The delayed answer technique allowed the separate measurement of physiological responses to the questions and the answers. Skin resistance responses, cardiovascular changes, and respiration were recorded and analyzed. Excluding inconclusive results, the overall accuracy of the decisions varied between 78% and 91% depending on the test employed. The principal results were: 1) attempts by guilty subjects to appear innocent were totally ineffective, 2) physiological responses elicited by the questions were more valid indicators of deception and nondeception than were the responses elicited by the verbal answers, and 3) errors occurred more frequently with innocent subjects (between 17% and 25% depending on the measure used) than with guilty subjects (0% with each measure). Variables which may affect the generalizability of these results to the field situation are discussed and suggestions for increasing the generalizability of laboratory findings are made.
Determination of<i>CYP2D6</i>,<i>CYP2C9</i>and<i>CYP2C19</i>genotypes with Tag–It<sup>™</sup>mutation detection assays (2006)

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) genotyping can be used to prospectively identify individuals at risk for adverse drug reactions or therapeutic failure due to altered drug metabolism. Based on the specific CYP(s) affected, individuals may require less or more of a particular drug than people with unaffected CYP-mediated metabolism, or may be best managed by avoiding certain drugs entirely. Here we evaluated the Tag-It CYP mutation detection reagents (Tm Bioscience Corp.). As these reagents, based on a universal bead array, detect more than 20 clinically significant variants common to different ancestries, it was important to consider DNA from genetically diverse populations. Thus, we also report CYP2D6, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 genotypes for DNA available through the Coriell Institute for Medical Research (NJ, USA). These samples represent individuals from Caucasian, Japanese, Chinese, Southeast Asian, African-American and Middle Eastern ancestry, and provide an excellent resource for evaluating and validating CYP genotyping methods. Using these samples, the Tag-It mutation detections assays reliably provided genotypes for CYP2D6, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19. The CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 assays were particularly robust and were easily implemented in our clinical laboratory. The CYP2D6 assay was somewhat less robust and could be improved by associating the 2850C>T variant with a specific allele, as well as by discriminating the allele affected when gene duplication is detected.
Comprehensive Expression Analyses of Neural Cell-Type-Specific miRNAs Identify New Determinants of the Specification and Maintenance of Neuronal Phenotypes (2013)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play important roles in both brain development and the regulation of adult neural cell functions. However, a systematic analysis of brain miRNA functions has been hindered by a lack of comprehensive information regarding the distribution of miRNAs in neuronal versus glial cells. To address this issue, we performed microarray analyses of miRNA expression in the four principal cell types of the CNS (neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia) using primary cultures from postnatal d 1 rat cortex. These analyses revealed that neural miRNA expression is highly cell-type specific, with 116 of the 351 miRNAs examined being differentially expressed fivefold or more across the four cell types. We also demonstrate that individual neuron-enriched or neuron-diminished RNAs had a significant impact on the specification of neuronal phenotype: overexpression of the neuron-enriched miRNAs miR-376a and miR-434 increased the differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons, whereas the opposite effect was observed for the glia-enriched miRNAs miR-223, miR-146a, miR-19, and miR-32. In addition, glia-enriched miRNAs were shown to inhibit aberrant glial expression of neuronal proteins and phenotypes, as exemplified by miR-146a, which inhibited neuroligin 1-dependent synaptogenesis. This study identifies new nervous system functions of specific miRNAs, reveals the global extent to which the brain may use differential miRNA expression to regulate neural cell-type-specific phenotypes, and provides an important data resource that defines the compartmentalization of brain miRNAs across different cell types.
AccelPen: Detecting Writing Action with Pen Acceleration Toward Learning Support Systems (2012)

This paper describes grasping a state of students and visualizing it with sensors that detect their writing action. The style of studying is being diversified with the spread of utilizing distance education and e-learning systems. Character of students like their interest and preference is also being diversified. With these reasons, it is getting difficult for a teacher to understand status of students objectively in a large classroom. We introduce measuring acceleration of a pen with wireless sensors and establish the method to detect the kinds of their behavior while studying. The result of this research can be applied to designing various teaching support systems.
<title>Puddle Development Of Positive Photoresists</title> (1981)

The production of today's 2-3 micron line widths with the expectation of continuing yield improvement can only be accomplished by the use of automated wafer processing equipment. Data is presented on a new positive system that combines the high resolution advantages of positive photoresists with automated in-line puddle development. In the puddle development process the imaged wafer is developed on an automated wafer processing track, with WX 108 developer. Process constraints of film thickness loss and time of development were established to allow investigation of the following variables; softbake conditions, exposure energy, and developer temperature. It was found that a 50% variation in developer dwell time caused less than a 4% developed image deviation from the mask.
Fault detection in an air-handling unit using residual and recursive parameter identification methods (1996)

A scheme for detecting faults in an air-handling unit using residual and parameter identification methods is presented. Faults can be detected by comparing the normal or expected operating condition data with the abnormal, measured data using residuals. Faults can also be detected by examining unmeasurable parameter changes in a model of a controlled system using a system parameter identification technique. In this study, autoregressive moving average with exogenous input (ARMAX) and autoregressive with exogenous input (ARX) models with both single-input/single-output (SISO) and multi-input/single-output (MISO) structures are examined. Model parameters are determined using the Kalman filter recursive identification method. This approach is tested using experimental data from a laboratory`s variable-air-volume (VAV) air-handling unit operated with and without faults.
Application of Pourbaix Diagrams in the Hydrometallurgical Processing of Bastnasite (2015)

The hydrometallurgical processing of bastnasite was studied by constructing Pourbaix (potential vs. pH) diagrams at room temperature using HSC Chemistry 5.0 software. Different systems were considered to understand the overall behaviors of bastnasite and its species in aqueous systems. Most of the thermodynamic data were taken from HSC database, others were collected from literature and some were estimated. The standard Gibbs free energy of formation of bastnasite, REFCO3, were estimated using four different estimation methods. Each method shows its applicability, and the obtained average values were -379.9 kcal/mol for CeFCO3, -382.3 kcal/mol for LaFCO3, -379.8 kcal/mol for NdFCO3 and -381.3 kcal/mol for PrFCO3. 
RE-F-CO3-H2O systems show the stability regions of bastnasite which are located in nearly neutral to alkaline media (pH ~ 6.5-11). The RE-F-CO3-(SO4)-(Cl)-(NO3)-H2O systems were considered to display the decomposition behaviors of bastnasite when treated by concentrated acid solutions. Furthermore, the decomposition behavior of bastnasite by alkaline solutions can be explained by these systems. In treatment with sulfuric acid, CeFCO3 decomposes at pH ~ 6.2 when {SO4-2} = 1 m while other REFCO3 decomposes at pH ~ 8. On the other hand, hydrochloric and nitric acids decompose bastnasite at pH ~ 2. The alkaline decomposition of REFCO3 is feasible at pH ~ 11. In the investigation of recovery and recycling of rare earths by precipitation, the systems RE-C2O4-H2O were considered which show the large stability regions of RE oxalate hydrates over the pH range (-2 – 11). All these trends, which revealed by these systems, were related to the hydrometallurgical processing of bastnasite.