gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dual Action of Antidepressant Drugs (MAO Inhibitors) on Insulin Release (1975)

Experiments have been carried out to investigate the role of monoamine oxidase (MAO) in the mechanism of insulin release. Isolated islets and pieces of rat pancreas were incubated in media of high glucose content in the presence of various concentrations of MAO inhibitors. At the end of the incubation, the islet MAO activity and the concentration of insulin released into the medium was measured. The results have shown that: 1. Glucose-mediated insulin release was potentiated by low concentrations of MAO inhibitors, the highest effect being observed at 10 muM. 2. Islet MAO activity was completely abolished in the presence of 10 muM of MAO inhibitors, while at lower concentrations, partial inhibition of enzyme could be achieved. A rise in the concentration of MAO inhibitors was accompanied by a decline in their potentiating effect on insulin secretion. No potentiation was observed at 1 mM concentration, and total inhibition of glucose-mediated insulin release was obtained in the presence of 5-10 mM of MA9 inhibitors. The potentiation of insulin release caused by two of the MAO inhibitors studied was abolished by addition of 1 muM epinephrine into the incubation medium. The basal rate of insulin release was insensitive to low concentrations of MAO inhibitors, but an inhibitory effect was obtained when concentrations were raised to 10 mM. In a comparative study, it was found that MAO activity was greater in liver than in islet tissue, while islets contained three times the activity of exocrine pancreas, consistent with previous findings in islet-cell tumors. The data presented here clearly show that MAO inhibitors are capable of both potentiating and inhibiting insulin release in vitro, depending on their concentrations. It is concluded that the stimulation of glucose-mediated insulin secretion may be related to the MAO inhibitory effects of the drugs, while the inhibition observed at concentrations greater than 1 times 10-3M is due to some other unidentified mechanism.
Narrow-band sound localization related to external ear acoustics (1992)

Human subjects localized brief 1/6-oct bandpassed noise bursts that were centered at 6, 8, 10, and 12 kHz. All testing was done under binaural conditions. The horizontal component of subjects' responses was accurate, comparable to that for broadband localization, but the vertical and front/back components exhibited systematic errors. Specifically, responses tended to cluster within restricted ranges that were specific for each center frequency. The directional transfer functions of the subjects' external ears were measured for 360 horizontal and vertical locations. The spectra of the sounds that were present in the subjects' ear canals, the "proximal stimulus" spectra, were computed by combining the spectra of the narrow-band sound sources with the directional transfer functions for particular stimulus locations. Subjects consistently localized sounds to regions within which the associated directional transfer function correlated most closely with the proximal stimulus spectrum. A quantitative model was constructed that successfully predicted subjects' responses based on interaural level difference and spectral cues. A test of the model, using techniques adapted from signal detection theory, indicated that subjects tend to use interaural level difference and spectral shape cues independently, limited only by a slight spatial correlation of the two cues. A testing procedure is described that provides a quantitative comparison of various predictive models of sound localization.
Toll-Like Receptor 4 Mediates Endothelial Cell Activation Through NF-κB but Is Not Associated with Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (2014)

TLR4 signaling in endothelial cells may be triggered by LPS and oxidized phospholipids, leading to endothelial activation and inflammation, which are inhibited by eritoran. Our in vivo investigation, however, does not support an association between the Asp299Gly TLR4 polymorphism and improved endothelium-dependent vasodilator function in patients with RA. Further study is needed to better understand the potential role of TLR4 on endothelial dysfunction in this and other patient populations.
Minimizing commercial building cost in Smart Grid: An optimal meeting scheduling approach (2014)

We develop a mathematical programming approach to schedule meetings in an organization over a fixed period of time, while minimizing the wasted energy and possibly achieving more balanced demand distribution. The problem is formulated as a mixed integer linear program subject to a set of realistic constraints including people's available time slots and energy consumption characteristics of the meeting rooms. Two objective functions are considered: minimizing the total energy used and minimizing the total energy cost. Our simulations illustrate that using the optimal schedule may result in significant savings, both economical and environmental.
Biorefineries – Industrial Processes and Products (2007)

Abstract The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Historical Outline 2.1 Historical Technological Outline and Industrial Resources 2.2 The Beginning – A Digest 2.2.1 Sugar Production 2.2.2 Starch Hydrolysis 2.2.3 Wood Saccharification 2.2.4 Furfural 2.2.5 Cellulose and Pulp 2.2.6 Levulinic Acid 2.2.7 Lipids 2.2.8 Vanillin from Lignin 2.2.9 Lactic Acid 2.3 The Origins of Integrated Biobased Production 3 Situation 3.1 Some Current Aspects of Biorefinery Research and Development 3.2 Raw Material Biomass 3.3 National Vision and Goals and Plan for Biomass Technology in the United States 3.4 Vision and Goals and Plan for Biomass Technology in the European Union and Germany 4 Principles of Biorefineries 4.1 Fundamentals 4.2 Definition of the Term “Biorefinery” 4.3 The Role of Biotechnology 4.3.1 Guidelines of Fermentation Section within Glucose‐product Family Tree 4.4 Building Blocks, Chemicals and Potential Screening 5 Biorefinery Systems and Design 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Lignocellulosic Feedstock Biorefinery 5.3 Whole‐crop Biorefinery 5.4 Green Biorefinery 5.5 Two‐platform Concept and Syngas 6 Biorefinery Economy 7 Outlook and Perspectives
Latent TGF-β binding protein 4 promotes elastic fiber assembly by interacting with fibulin-5 (2013)

Elastic fiber assembly requires deposition of elastin monomers onto microfibrils, the mechanism of which is incompletely understood. Here we show that latent TGF-β binding protein 4 (LTBP-4) potentiates formation of elastic fibers through interacting with fibulin-5, a tropoelastin-binding protein necessary for elastogenesis. Decreased expression of LTBP-4 in human dermal fibroblast cells by siRNA treatment abolished the linear deposition of fibulin-5 and tropoelastin on microfibrils. It is notable that the addition of recombinant LTBP-4 to cell culture medium promoted elastin deposition on microfibrils without changing the expression of elastic fiber components. This elastogenic property of LTBP-4 is independent of bound TGF-β because TGF-β-free recombinant LTBP-4 was as potent an elastogenic inducer as TGF-β-bound recombinant LTBP-4. Without LTBP-4, fibulin-5 and tropoelastin deposition was discontinuous and punctate in vitro and in vivo. These data suggest a unique function for LTBP-4 during elastic fibrogenesis, making it a potential therapeutic target for elastic fiber regeneration.
Poor Peoples’ Knowledge: Helping Poor People to Earn from Their Own Intellectual Property (2006)

How can we help poor people to earn more from their knowledge – rather than from their sweat and their muscle? This chapter is about promoting the innovation, knowledge, and creative skills of poor people in poor countries – and particularly about improving the earnings of poor people from such knowledge and skills. My principal message is that a lot is being done in this regard. On the whole, this useful work is a matter of straightforward application of familiar legal and commercial instruments and skills such as copyrights, trademarks, and patents. This does not mean that it is easy, however.
Grasping Prediction Algorithm Based on Full Convolutional Neural Network (2021)

Abstract Robot grasping is a very frontier and important research direction in the field of robotics. In order to solve the problem of the robot's real-time capture, reduce the time of the visual processing, we proposed a two-stage Convolutional Neural Network structure whose design is simple, with less training parameters, improving the efficiency of the visual system. Using rotation and translation to expand the Cornell fetching dataset. The best model at Cornell grasp test set has achieved 88% of forecast accuracy compared with 73% accuracy rate on one stage network. Moreover, our model size is 0.51MB, speed at 30 FPS on GPU inferencing.
Analysis of Simple Rollover Metrics (1995)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Both tilt table testing and the calculation of so-called Critical Sliding Velocity (CSV) have the goal of determining conditions wherein a vehicle can be tripped by sideways impact with an obstacle and roll exactly one-quarter turn. This paper first reviews the mechanics associated with each of these metrics, verifying that (i) the tangent of the measured tilt table angle can be expected to yield a metric less than but closely related to T/2h, and (ii) CSV calculations are by and large dependent only on the vehicle's calculated cg height h and the ratio T/2h. The paper then addresses what we view to be an important related issue: How well do the mechanics of these measures and/or calculations carry over to calculations related to incidents which include more than one-quarter turn? We approach this question by extending the derivation of the CSV calculation to compute initial sideways velocities V2 needed to initiate a tripped roll of more than one-quarter turn. Particular attention is paid to the mechanics of the second quarter-turn, examining boundary conditions that, depending on terrain, might be part of the continuing roll event. The calculated results indicate that CSV alone, and by implication h and T/2h alone, will not give a reliable feel for V2. Additional calculations indicate that the ratio of roof height to track width is a useful indicator of the ratio V2 to CSV.</div>
Abnormal ESD Damages Occur in Interface Circuits between Different Power Domains in ND-Mode MM ESD Stress (2006)

Complex ESD failure mechanisms have been found in the interface circuits of an IC product with multiple separated power domains. The MM ESD robustness can not achieve 150 V in this IC product with separated power domains, although it has the 2-kV HBM ESD robustness. The ND-mode MM ESD currents were discharged by circuitous current paths through interface circuits to cause the gate oxide damage, junction filament, and contact destroy of the internal transistors. The detailed discharging paths of each ND-mode ESD failure were analysed in this paper
All-fiber source and sorter for multimode correlated photons (2022)

Abstract Photons occupying multiple spatial modes hold a great promise for implementing high-dimensional quantum communication. We use spontaneous four-wave mixing to generate multimode photon pairs in a few-mode fiber. We show the photons are correlated in the fiber mode basis using an all-fiber mode sorter. Our demonstration offers an essential building block for realizing high-dimensional quantum protocols based on standard, commercially available fibers, in an all-fiber configuration.
Immune Correlates of Protection by mRNA-1273 Immunization against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Nonhuman Primates (2021)

mRNA-1273 vaccine-induced antibody responses are a mechanistic correlate of protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in NHP.
Synthesis of Novel 2-Aryl AICAR Derivatives (2004)

Novel 2-aryl AICAR (5-Amino-1-β-d-ribofuranosylimidazole-4-carboxamide) derivatives 8 were synthesized via the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions of 8-bromoadenosine. Following conversion of the adenine moiety of 4 to hypoxanthine (5) and the introduction of a MEM group, hydrolysis of 7 gave desired 2-aryl AICAR derivatives 8.
The synchronous oscillator: a synchronization and tracking network (1985)

The synchronous oscillator (SO) is a free-running oscillator which oscillates at its natural frequency in the absence of an externally applied signal. In the presence of a signal, the oscillator synchronizes with and tracks the input waveform with an acquisition time inversely proportional to the tracking bandwidth. The SO possesses a constant output signal amplitude in the tracking region and an adaptive tracking bandwidth proportional to the input signal level. The authors present the theory and experimental characterization of SOs in terms of selectivity, noise rejection, carrier-to-noise improvement, tracking range, and acquisition time. A specific application is described for SO carrier and clock recovery networks in 60- and 120-Mb/s QPSK modem with bit-error-rate (BER) performance approaching that of hard-wired connection.
A Framework for Secure Mobile Database Transactions using Cryptographic Co-processor (2014)

The increase in the adoption of database systems by the Corporates in key data management technology for their day-to-day operations. So, decision-making becomes crucial for the security of data that is managed by these systems. The damage and misuse of data affects not only the single user or application, but it may have disastrous consequences for the entire organization as well. Accessing more secured information through client’s mobile device is an important issue. In this paper, a framework for Secure Mobile Database Transactions using the Cryptographic Co-processor (CCP) is proposed. A dedicated coprocessor for encryption and decryption process enables high level security when compared to software based encrypting/decrypting process in corporate environment.
Dreamweaver CS3: The Missing Manual (2007)

Adobe's website-development program lets you revamp an existing site, or design, build, and manage a new one without writing a single line of code. But learning Dreamweaver is tricky. This step-by-step guide helps you master this versatile program with jargon-free language, hands-on tutorials, and savvy advice from a Dreamweaver pro. Get complete guidance. Go from building your first web page to creating interactive, database-driven sitesBuild skills as you learn. Apply your knowledge using 12 tutorials and downloadable practice filesCreate a thoroughly modern website. Build fast-loading page
Effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate on growth, epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathways, gene expression, and chemosensitivity in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. (2001)

The antitumor effects of the green tea compound epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) have not been studied in detail previously in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells. Overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) occurs frequently in HNSCC, which is an adverse prognostic factor. Therefore, we examined in detail the molecular effects of EGCG on two human HNSCC cell lines, YCU-N861 and YCU-H891, focusing on the EGFR signaling pathway. The 70% lethal dose (IC(70)) of EGCG for both cell lines was 10 microg/ml. Treatment with EGCG increased the proportion of cells in the G(1) phase of the cell cycle and induced apoptosis. In cells treated with EGCG, there was a decrease in the cyclin D1 protein, an increase in the p21(Cip1) and p27(Kip1) proteins, and a reduction in the hyperphosphorylated form of pRB, changes that may account for the arrest in G(1). EGCG also caused a decrease in the Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L) proteins, an increase in the Bax protein, and activation of caspase 9, suggesting that EGCG induces apoptosis via a mitochondrial pathway. Treatment with EGCG inhibited phosphorylation of the EGFR, signal transducer and activator of transcription3 (Stat3), and extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) proteins and also inhibited basal and transforming growth factor-alpha-stimulated c-fos and cyclin D1 promoter activity. EGCG at 0.1 microg/ml (a concentration found in serum after oral administration) markedly enhanced the growth-inhibitory effects of 5-fluorouracil. Taken together, these findings provide insights into molecular mechanisms of growth inhibition by EGCG and suggest that this naturally occurring compound may be useful, when used alone or in combination with other agents, in the chemoprevention and/or treatment of HNSCC.
Audiovisual Speech Synchrony Measure: Application to Biometrics (2007)

Speech is a means of communication which is intrinsically bimodal: the audio signal originates from the dynamics of the articulators. This paper reviews recent works in the field of audiovisual speech, and more specifically techniques developed to measure the level of correspondence between audio and visual speech. It overviews the most common audio and visual speech front-end processing, transformations performed on audio, visual, or joint audiovisual feature spaces, and the actual measure of correspondence between audio and visual speech. Finally, the use of synchrony measure for biometric identity verification based on talking faces is experimented on the BANCA database.
Ethno‐Fiction Film (2018)

Ethno‐fiction film is an experimental ethnographic film approach where the fieldwork informants are asked to act out their experiences through projective improvisations in front of the camera. It was pioneered by visual anthropologist Jean Rouch during his ethnographic fieldwork research in West Africa during the mid‐1950s.
SCHWEFELVERBINDUNGEN DES ERDöLS XIII.<sup>1</sup>2,11-DIALKYLDINAPHTHO-[1,2-B: 2′,1′-D]-THIOPHENE UND 2,12-DIALKYLDINAPHTHO-[1,2-B: 2′,1′-E]-1,4-DITHIINE (1991)

Abstract Starting with 7-alkyl-2-bromo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ones 1 2,11-dialkyldinaphtho[1,2-b:2′,1′-dlthiophenes 9 and 2,12-dialkyldinaphtho[1,2-b:2′,1′-e]-1,4-dithiines 8 are synthesized according to Scheme 2. The anellation on 9 is proved by nmr-data. Ausgehend von 7-Alkyl-2-brom-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalin-1-onen 1 werden nach Schema 2 2,11-Dialkyldinaphtho[1,2-b:2′,1′-d]thiophene 9 und 2,12-Dialkyldinaphtho[1,2-b:2′,1′-e]-1,4-dithiine 8 synthetisiert. NMR-Daten beweisen die Anellierung bei 9.
Pyruvate dehydrogenase and pyruvate carboxylase. Sites of pretranslational regulation by glucose of glucose-induced insulin release in pancreatic islets. (1991)

It has been shown previously that glucose-induced insulin release is completely absent in rat pancreatic islets that had been cultured for 1 day at low glucose (1 mM) and that it is restored by culturing islets for a 2nd day at high (20 mM) glucose (MacDonald, M. J., Fahien, L. A., McKenzie, D. I., and Moran, S. M. (1991) Am. J. Physiol. 259, E548-E554). It has been suggested that the incapacitation of glucose's insulinotropism is due to down-regulation of the synthesis of enzymes that process glucose's metabolic signal for insulin release. In the current study, results of metabolic, enzymic, and molecular biologic experiments were each consistent with (an) intramitochondrial site(s) of down-regulation in islets cultured at low glucose. Glucose metabolism was inhibited 80% in islets cultured at 1 mM glucose. The suppression of release of 14CO2 from [6-14C]glucose greater than from [U-14C]glucose greater than [3,4-14C]glucose greater than from [1-14C]glucose in islets cultured at low glucose indicated a mitochondrial site of down-regulation because C-6 of glucose can only be converted to CO2 in the citric acid cycle, whereas C-1 can be released as CO2 in the 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase [corrected] reaction, and C-6 of glucose dwells in the citric acid cycle longer than carbons 2-5 of glucose. Since carbons 3 and 4 of glucose can be decarboxylated in the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction, incomplete suppression of CO2 formation from these carbons is consistent with suppression of pyruvate carboxylation as well as decarboxylation. Formation of 3HOH from [5-3H]glucose was equal in the two groups of islets, indicating that glycolysis as far as phosphoenolpyruvate was intact. This idea was supported by assays which showed that activities of enzymes of the glycolytic pathway between glucokinase/hexokinase and pyruvate kinase were equal in both types of islets. Additional studies indicated that regulation by glucose was at transcription of genes coding for some mitochondrial enzymes. Glucokinase, malic enzyme, and fumarase mRNAs were not affected by glucose, whereas the pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 alpha subunit and pyruvate carboxylase mRNAs were decreased 85-90% in islets cultured at 1 mM glucose. Pyruvate dehydrogenase enzyme activity was decreased to a similar extent in these islets. About 24 h was required for maximal (de)induction of pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 alpha and pyruvate carboxylase mRNAs, and the amounts of transcripts were proportional to the concentrations of glucose between 1 and 20 mM.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
A head-mounted sensor-based eye tracking device (2008)

In this study, a new eye tracking system, namely Eye Touch, is introduced. Eye Touch is based on an eyeglasses-like apparatus on which IrDA sensitive sensors and IrDA light sources are mounted. Using inexpensive sensors and light sources instead of a camera leads to lower system cost and need for the computation power. A prototype of the proposed system is developed and tested to show its capabilities. Based on the test results obtained, Eye Touch is proved to be a promising human-computer interface system.
Sepsis: An arginine deficiency state? (2004)

Because sepsis has all the characteristics of an arginine-deficiency state, we hypothesise that arginine supplementation is a logical option in the treatment of sepsis. This is supported by substantial experimental and clinical data on NO donors and NO inhibitors. However, further evidence is required to prove our hypothesis.
The effects of crosslinking density on cartilage formation in photocrosslinkable hydrogels. (1999)

Photoencapsulation of chondrocytes to produce tissue engineered cartilage provides many benefits including rapid polymerization times, the ability to fabricate complex architectures in vivo, and spatial and temporal control during polymerization. Recently, we have examined the cytocompatibility of several photoinitiation schemes and found that low photoinitiator concentrations and light intensities in the ultraviolet and visible range are cytocompatible. In this work, we are currently investigating photocrosslinkable hydrogels based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) as scaffolds for tissue engineering cartilage. In particular, the influence of the network crosslinking density, swelling ratio, and chemical composition on the ability of encapsulated chondrocytes to form extracellular matrix is examined. The cartilage produced in these hydrogels will be quantified using biochemical assays that measure DNA content and the amount of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and total collagen in the extracellular matrix. We have demonstrated that chondrocytes encapsulated in a polymer scaffold made from a 20 wt% solution of PEODM/PEO (40 wt% dimethacrylated PEO (MW 3400)/60 wt% PEO (MW 100 K)) form cartilage, and after four weeks the results based on the wet weight of cartilage were approximately 0.03 million cells/mg cartilage, approximately 1.5% glycosaminoglycans and approximately 4.5% total collagen.