gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study on Machine Learning Algorithms for Smart Manufacturing: Tool Wear Prediction Using Random Forests (2017)

Manufacturers have faced an increasing need for the development of predictive models that predict mechanical failures and the remaining useful life (RUL) of manufacturing systems or components. Classical model-based or physics-based prognostics often require an in-depth physical understanding of the system of interest to develop closed-form mathematical models. However, prior knowledge of system behavior is not always available, especially for complex manufacturing systems and processes. To complement model-based prognostics, data-driven methods have been increasingly applied to machinery prognostics and maintenance management, transforming legacy manufacturing systems into smart manufacturing systems with artificial intelligence. While previous research has demonstrated the effectiveness of data-driven methods, most of these prognostic methods are based on classical machine learning techniques, such as artificial neural networks (ANNs) and support vector regression (SVR). With the rapid advancement in artificial intelligence, various machine learning algorithms have been developed and widely applied in many engineering fields. The objective of this research is to introduce a random forests (RFs)-based prognostic method for tool wear prediction as well as compare the performance of RFs with feed-forward back propagation (FFBP) ANNs and SVR. Specifically, the performance of FFBP ANNs, SVR, and RFs are compared using an experimental data collected from 315 milling tests. Experimental results have shown that RFs can generate more accurate predictions than FFBP ANNs with a single hidden layer and SVR.
Identification of a rabid dog in France illegally introduced from Morocco (2008)

On 26 February 2008, the National Reference Centre for Rabies at the Institut Pasteur in Paris, France, confirmed the diagnosis of rabies in a domestic dog living in Grandpuits, Seine-et-Marne district, a suburb of Paris. The dog was a nine-month-old mixed-breed female, named Cracotte (pictures available at http://www.invs.sante.fr/display/?doc=surveillance/rage/actu.htm). It developed its first symptoms on 15 February, had bitten its owner and one neighbour and had been euthanized on 19 February. The viral strain was identified by the National Reference Centre for Rabies as a strain belonging to Lyssavirus genotype 1, Africa 1 lineage, originating from Morocco. According to its owner, Cracotte had never been outside France. France has been declared officially rabies-free since 2001. An investigation was undertaken to identify the source of infection and modes of transmission for Cracotte in order to identify potentially exposed individuals and animals and to carry out an assessment of the risk of rabies virus transmission in France.
Neurotransmitter Imaging in Living Cells Based on Native Fluorescence Detection (1995)

A UV laser-based optical microscope and CCD detection system with high sensitivity has been developed to image neurotransmitters in living cells. We demonstrate the detection of serotonin that has been taken up into individual living glial cells (astrocytes) based on its native fluorescence. We found that the fluorescence intensity of astrocytes increased by up to 10 times after serotonin uptake. The temporal resolution of this detection system at 10(-4) M serotonin is as fast as 50 ms, and the spatial resolution is diffraction limited. This UV laser microscope imaging system shows promise for studies of spatial-temporal dynamics of neurotransmitter levels in living neurons and glia.
Model Adaptation with Synthetic and Real Data for Semantic Dense Foggy Scene Understanding (2018)

This work addresses the problem of semantic scene understanding under dense fog. Although considerable progress has been made in semantic scene understanding, it is mainly related to clear-weather scenes. Extending recognition methods to adverse weather conditions such as fog is crucial for outdoor applications. In this paper, we propose a novel method, named Curriculum Model Adaptation (CMAda), which gradually adapts a semantic segmentation model from light synthetic fog to dense real fog in multiple steps, using both synthetic and real foggy data. In addition, we present three other main stand-alone contributions: 1) a novel method to add synthetic fog to real, clear-weather scenes using semantic input; 2) a new fog density estimator; 3) the Foggy Zurich dataset comprising $3808$ real foggy images, with pixel-level semantic annotations for $16$ images with dense fog. Our experiments show that 1) our fog simulation slightly outperforms a state-of-the-art competing simulation with respect to the task of semantic foggy scene understanding (SFSU); 2) CMAda improves the performance of state-of-the-art models for SFSU significantly by leveraging unlabeled real foggy data. The datasets and code are publicly available.
Characterization of a Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Linear Motor for Braille Displays (2009)

This paper introduces a novel miniature piezoelectric ultrasonic motor and its characterization for the design and implementation of Braille tactile displays. The motor consists of a shaft, a mobile element or slider, and a piezoelectric ceramic transducer and achieves linear motion based on the principle of inertia displacement. Unlike existing mechanisms, this motor offers a compact, ultra-lightweight, and simple design that intends to make possible highly-portable Braille displays for the blind. Actuation approach, design concept, and on-going development of a first prototype are presented and discussed.
Factors for Selection of Entrepreneurial Carrier by Youth Trainees of Entrepreneurship Development Programme (2016)

Since most of the youth are not attracted towards agriculture mostly because of lack of profitability of agricultural activities and lack of physical and social infrastructure in rural areas. The present study was conducted to find out the factors for selection of entrepreneurial career and socio-demographic pattern of youth participating in Entrepreneurship Development Training Programme (EDP) conducted by Rural Development Self-employment Training Institute (RUDSETI). For this purpose 120 respondent trainees were randomly selected and interviewed using a pre-tested interview schedule. Only 42 per cent of farm trainees were aged less than 29 years compared to 62 per cent in case of non-farm trainees. About 53 per cent of farm trainees and only 30 per cent of non-farm trainees has secondary or below education level. Female youth participation in non-farm sectors was more than farm sector enterprises. The study found that youth were selecting entrepreneurial career due to their last resort of income and preferring to venture into the non-farm enterprises compared to farm enterprises.
Propriétés des matrices « bien localisées » près de leur diagonale et quelques applications (1990)

In the following paper, two classes of infinite matrices are studied (matrices with exponentially or polynomially decreasing coefficients away from the diagonal). Properties of symbolic calculus type are shown: Inversibility on l^2 implies that the inverse has the same decay property. It is also shown that inversion is a “local” transformation of the matrix: A change in the coefficients is not felt far away from the area changed. Two applications concerning the properties of orthonormal bases of wavelets are given. Résumé Nous étudions dans cet article deux classes de matrices infinies (matrices dont les coefficients sont à décroissance exponentielle ou polynomiale en s’éloignant de la diagonale). Nous montrons qu’elles possèdent des propriétés du type « calcul symbolique » : L’inversibilité sur l^2 implique que les coefficients de la matrice inverse ont la même propriété de décroissance. De plus, l’inversion est une opération « locale » : Une perturbation des coefficients de A n’est pas ressentie sur son inverse loin de la zone de perturbation. Nous fournissons deux exemples d’applications concernant les propriétés des bases orthonormées d’ondelettes.
Electrochemical machining (1977)

AbstractThe history of electrochemical machining (ECM) is outlined, beginning with the basic 1929 patent of Gusseff, an outstanding visionary invention which recognized quite accurately the operating features of the ECM process. Early practical developments are described, leading to full commercial exploitation by Anocut in the 1960s. Recent specialized drilling applications in the aerospace industry are described, bringing the history up to date. The fundamental dynamics of the process are presented for plane-parallel gap conditions leading to the general analysis suitable for cathode tool design. The electrochemistry of the process is outlined, including the mechanisms of metal dissolution, their behaviour patterns, and their relationship with the Jacquet electropolishing curve. The machining rate limiting factors, including the rate of oxide film formation, are analysed. The effect of electrolyte acidity is examined, as is also the role of hydrogen ions in promoting breakdown of oxide films permitting higher machining rates. The nature of surfaces produced by ECM under various conditions is described, together with the resultant effect on mechanical properties. The ECM plant and its constituent units, including power supply feed systems and electrolyte handling equipment, are described, and the basic ECM operations such as shaping, drilling, turning, deburring, and grinding are considered. The review is concluded by outlining application experience and economics of the process in its practical realization in an industrial setting. A section is devoted to the prediction of possible future trends, and to those application aspects which would benefit from further research. Novel approaches to machine-tool design are suggested, aimed at higher plant utilization.
Ovarian cancer, the coagulation pathway, and inflammation (2005)

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) represents the most frequent cause of death in the United States from a cancer involving the female genital tract. Contributing to the overall poor outcome in EOC patients, are the metastases to the peritoneum and stroma that are common in this cancer. In one study, cDNA microarray analysis was performed on fresh tissue to profile gene expression in patients with EOC. This study showed a number of genes with significantly altered expression in the pelvic peritoneum and stroma, and in the vicinity of EOC implants. These genes included those encoding coagulation factors and regulatory proteins in the coagulation cascade and genes encoding proteins associated with inflammatory responses. In addition to promoting the formation of blood clots, coagulation factors exhibit many other biologic functions as well as tumorigenic functions, the later including tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Coagulation pathway proteins involved in tumorigenesis consist of factor II (thrombin), thrombin receptor (protease-activated receptors), factor III (tissue factor), factor VII, factor X and factor I (fibrinogen), and fibrin and factor XIII. In a recent study we conducted, we found that factor XII, factor XI, and several coagulation regulatory proteins, including heparin cofactor-II and epithelial protein C receptor (EPCR), were also upregulated in the peritoneum of EOC. In this review, we summarize evidence in support of a role for these factors in promoting tumor cell progression and the formation of ascites. We also discuss the different roles of coagulation factor pathways in the tumor and peritumoral microenvironments as they relate to angiogenesis, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Since inflammatory responses are another characteristic of the peritoneum in EOC, we also discuss the linkage between the coagulation cascade and the cytokines/chemokines involved in inflammation. Interleukin-8, which is considered an important chemokine associated with tumor progression, appears to be a linkage point for coagulation and inflammation in malignancy. Lastly, we review findings regarding the inflammatory process yielded by certain clinical trials of agents that target members of the coagulation cascade in the treatment of cancer. Current data suggest that disrupting certain elements of the coagulation and inflammation processes in the tumor microenvironment could be a new biologic approach to cancer therapeutics.
4-vinyl-substituted pyrimidine nucleosides exhibit the efficient and selective formation of interstrand cross-links with RNA and duplex DNA (2013)

The formation of interstrand cross-links in nucleic acids can have a strong impact on biological function of nucleic acids; therefore, many cross-linking agents have been developed for biological applications. Despite numerous studies, there remains a need for cross-linking agents that exhibit both efficiency and selectivity. In this study, a 4-vinyl-substituted analog of thymidine (T-vinyl derivative) was designed as a new cross-linking agent, in which the vinyl group is oriented towards the Watson-Crick face to react with the amino group of an adenine base. The interstrand cross-link formed rapidly and selectively with a uridine on the RNA substrate at the site opposite to the T-vinyl derivative. A detailed analysis of cross-link formation while varying the flanking bases of the RNA substrates indicated that interstrand cross-link formation is preferential for the adenine base on the 5'-side of the opposing uridine. In the absence of a 5'-adenine, a uridine at the opposite position underwent cross-linking. The oligodeoxynucleotides probe incorporating the T-vinyl derivative efficiently formed interstrand cross-links in parallel-type triplex DNA with high selectivity for dA in the homopurine strand. The efficiency and selectivity of the T-vinyl derivative illustrate its potential use as a unique tool in biological and materials research.
Adaptive algorithms with an automatic gain control feature (1988)

An automatic gain control (AGC) scheme is introduced for adaptive algorithms that are used extensively in many applications. The scheme is realized by using an estimate of the cross correlation between the adaptation error and the input signal to control the gain of the adaptive algorithm. When the cross correlation is high, the gain is also high, and the adaptive algorithm is in an 'active' state. When the error and the input signals are uncorrelated, the gain is closed to zero, and the adaptive algorithm is put in an 'asleep' state. Thus, adaptive algorithms with such AGC are comparatively insensitive to disturbances appearing on the system output measurement, which can drive conventional adaptive algorithms away from the achieved adaptation. A fast, efficient algorithm for estimation of the cross-correlation coefficient of adaptive error and input is proposed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
GPU implementation of list-mode DRAMA for real-time OpenPET image reconstruction (2010)

The OpenPET, which has a physically opened space between two detector rings, is our new geometry to enable PET imaging during radiation therapy. Especially, tracking a moving target such as a tumor in the lung will become possible if the real-time imaging system is realized. In this paper, we developed a list-mode image reconstruction method using general-purpose computing on graphics processing units (GPGPUs) toward real-time image reconstruction. We used the dynamic row-action maximum likelihood algorithm (DRAMA). For GPU implementation, efficiency of acceleration depends on implementation methods; reduced conditional statements and efficient memory accesses are required. On the other hand, accurate system model is required to improve quality of reconstructed images. Therefore, we developed a new system model which was suited for the GPU implementation. In the new system model, the detector response functions (DRFs), which were calculated analytically to represent the probability distribution of each LOR, were modeled by sixth-order polynomial functions. The system model enabled us to calculate each element of the system matrix with reduced conditional statements. We applied the developed method to a small OpenPET prototype, which was developed for a proof-of-concept. We compared the proposed system model to the sub-LOR model, a geometrically-defined accurate system model which we had previously proposed. The difference between the reconstructed images with the new system model using GPU and the sub-LOR model using CPU was very small. Our new system model on GPU was 46.3 times faster than the sub-LOR model on CPU.
Thiazolino 2-Pyridone Amide Inhibitors of <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> Infectivity (2016)

The bacterial pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis is a global health burden currently treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics which disrupt commensal bacteria. We recently identified a compound through phenotypic screening that blocked infectivity of this intracellular pathogen without host cell toxicity (compound 1, KSK 120). Herein, we present the optimization of 1 to a class of thiazolino 2-pyridone amides that are highly efficacious (EC50 ≤ 100 nM) in attenuating infectivity across multiple serovars of C. trachomatis without host cell toxicity. The lead compound 21a exhibits reduced lipophilicity versus 1 and did not affect the growth or viability of representative commensal flora at 50 μM. In microscopy studies, a highly active fluorescent analogue 37 localized inside the parasitiphorous inclusion, indicative of a specific targeting of bacterial components. In summary, we present a class of small molecules to enable the development of specific treatments for C. trachomatis.
Targeting the Cancer-Stroma Interaction: A Potential Approach for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment (2012)

Recent studies have demonstrated that the interaction between the cancer and the stroma, play a key role in the development of pancreatic cancer. The desmoplasia, which consists of fibroblasts, pancreatic stellate cells, lymphatic and vascular endothelial cells, immune cells, pathologic increased nerves, and the extracellular matrix (ECM), creates a complex tumor microenvironment that promotes pancreatic cancer development, invasion, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy. Thus, the potential approach for targeting the components of this desmoplastic reaction or the pancreatic tumor microenvironment might represent a novel therapeutic approach to advanced pancreatic carcinoma. Novel therapies that target on the pancreatic tumor microenvironment should become one of the more effective treatments for pancreatic cancer.
Selective transformation of carbon dioxide into lower olefins with a bifunctional catalyst composed of ZnGa<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and SAPO-34 (2017)

A bifunctional catalyst composed of ZnGa<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> with a spinel structure and molecular sieve SAPO-34 catalyses the direct conversion of CO<sub>2</sub> to C<sub>2</sub>-C<sub>4</sub> olefins with a selectivity of 86% and a CO<sub>2</sub> conversion of 13% at 370 °C. The oxygen vacancies on ZnGa<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> surfaces are responsible for CO<sub>2</sub> activation, forming a methanol intermediate, which is then converted into C<sub>2</sub>-C<sub>4</sub> olefins in SAPO-34.
Human Herpesvirus 6B and Lower Respiratory Tract Disease After Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (2019)

These data provide evidence that HHV-6B detection in BALF is associated with higher mortality in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients with LRTD. Definitive evidence of causation will require a randomized prevention or treatment trial.
The Use of MRI in Evaluating Knee Pain in Patients Aged 40 Years and Older (2016)

Level III.
Nonlinear frequency and amplitude modulation of a nanocontact-based spin-torque oscillator (2010)

We study the current-controlled modulation of a nanocontact spin-torque oscillator. Three principally different cases of frequency nonlinearity (${d}^{2}f/d{I}_{\text{dc}}^{2}$ being zero, positive, and negative) are investigated. Standard nonlinear frequency-modulation theory is able to accurately describe the frequency shifts during modulation. However, the power of the modulated sidebands only agrees with calculations based on a recent theory of combined nonlinear frequency and amplitude modulation.
Modeling Context in Referring Expressions (2016)

Humans refer to objects in their environments all the time, especially in dialogue with other people. We explore generating and comprehending natural language referring expressions for objects in images. In particular, we focus on incorporating better measures of visual context into referring expression models and find that visual comparison to other objects within an image helps improve performance significantly. We also develop methods to tie the language generation process together, so that we generate expressions for all objects of a particular category jointly. Evaluation on three recent datasets - RefCOCO, RefCOCO+, and RefCOCOg, shows the advantages of our methods for both referring expression generation and comprehension.
Phosphate availability affects the tonoplast localization of PLDζ2, an <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> phospholipase D (2008)

Under phosphate deprivation, higher plants change their lipid composition and recycle phosphate from phospholipids. A phospholipase D, PLDzeta2, is involved in this recycling and in other cellular functions related to plant development. We investigated the localization of Arabidopsis PLDzeta2 by cell fractionation and in vivo GFP confocal imaging. AtPLDzeta2 localizes to the tonoplast and the Nter regulatory domain is sufficient for its sorting. Under phosphate deprivation, AtPLDzeta2 remains located in the tonoplast but its distribution is uneven. We observed PLDzeta2-enriched tonoplast domains preferentially positioned close to mitochondria and beside chloroplasts. In absence of PLDzeta2, membrane developments were visualized inside vacuoles.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for right ventricular failure after left ventricular assist device implantation† (2017)

Temporary ECMO-facilitated RV support is associated with good long-term outcomes and high rates of RV recovery.
Restructurable VLSI Program (1983)

The main objective of the Lincoln Restructurable VLSI Program (RVLSI) is to develop 10 design methodologies, architectures, design aids and testing strategies for implementing waferscale systems with complexities approaching a million gates. In our approach, we envisage a modular style of architecture comprising an array of cells embedded in a regular interconnection matrix. Ideally. the cells should consist of only a few basic types. The interconnection matrix is a fixed pattern of metal lines augmented by a complement of programmable switches or links. Conceptually, the links could be either volatile or nonvolatile. They could be of an electronic nature, such as a transistor switch, or could be permanently programmed through some mechanism such as a laser. The RVLSI Program is currently focusing on laser-formed interconnect.
Enhanced Introduction of Gold Nanoparticles into Vital <i>Acidothiobacillus ferrooxidans</i> by Carbon Nanotube-based Microwave Electroporation (2004)

A novel method was developed to electroporate gram-negative bacteria (Acidothiobacillus ferrooxidans) via multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs). CNTs are metallic, ultra strong nanofibers of ∼10 nm in diameter and many microns long. When placed in an electric field, the CNTs strongly enhance the electric field at their ends by a factor of 10−100, making them ideal for localized electroporation. Addition of CNTs into a solution containing bacteria and gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and subsequent exposure to microwave radiation facilitates a rapid transport of GNPs across the cell wall, without affecting the cell viability.