gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydralazine and isosorbide dinitrate combination improves exercise tolerance in heart failure. Results from V-HeFT I and V-HeFT II. The V-HeFT VA Cooperative Studies Group. (1993)

Combination therapy with Hyd-Iso was more effective in increasing peak VO2 than placebo, prazosin, or enalapril in patients with mild-to-moderate congestive heart failure. Long-term data were confounded by mortality and other events, which may have led to an underestimate of the benefits of Hyd-Iso over placebo and an underestimate of the long-term benefits of enalapril on exercise performance. Therefore, short-term improvement in exercise performance is a suitable therapeutic end point, but long-term studies should more appropriately assess mortality.
Relation between barrier height and work function in contacts to selenium (1985)

In Se–Tl, Se–Cd, Se–Au, and Se–Te contacts prepared by evaporation on a crystallized selenium layer, Schottky barrier heights were measured from junction capacitance. These were found to decrease systematically with the work function of the contacting metal. From this variation, the density of interface states was estimated to be about 1014 cm−2 eV−1, assuming an interfacial layer thickness of 10 Å. The neutral level of the states was estimated to lie close to the valence band edge.
Genotype calling and mapping of multisite variants using an Atlantic salmon iSelect SNP array (2010)

R-package beadarrayMSV freely available on the web at http://cran.r-project.org/.
W4: a World Wide Web browser with CSCW support (1996)

There has been much recent interest in using the World Wide Web to facilitate distributed cooperative work. Unfortunately, most existing Internet tools do not provide adequate cooperative work support to make this possible. This short paper describes how a simple Web browser was extended to support a range of CSCW facilities, including telepointers, group awareness widgets, text chats, collaborative notes, messages and URL annotations, and collaborative editors.
Experiences With IoT and AI in a Smart Campus for Optimizing Classroom Usage (2019)

Increasing demand for university education is putting pressure on campuses to make better use of their real-estate resources. Evidence indicates that enrollments are rising, yet attendance is falling due to diverse demands on student time and easy access to online content. This paper outlines our efforts to address classroom under-utilization in a real university campus arising from the gap between enrollment and attendance. We do so by instrumenting classrooms with Internet of Things (IoT) sensors to measure real-time usage, using AI to predict attendance, and performing optimal allocation of rooms to courses so as to minimize space wastage. Our first contribution undertakes an evaluation of several IoT sensing approaches for measuring class occupancy, and comparing them in terms of cost, accuracy, privacy, and ease of deployment/operation. Our second contribution instruments nine lecture halls of varying capacity across campus, collects and cleans live occupancy data spanning about 250 courses over two sessions, and draws insights into attendance patterns, including identification of canceled lectures and class tests, while also releasing our data openly to the public. Our third contribution is to use AI techniques for predicting classroom attendance, applying them to real data, and accurately predicting future attendance with an root-mean-square error as low as 0.16. Our final contribution is to develop an optimal allocation of classes to rooms based on predicting attendance rather than enrollment, resulting in over 10% savings in room costs with very low risk of room overflows.
Bootstrapped Waveform Inversion: Long-wavelength Velocities from Pure Reflection Data (2015)

Summary Conventional FWI cannot successfully invert pure reflection data to recover the long-wavelength velocity model. We present an FWI methodology that can solve this problem, and demonstrate its success inverting data from a simple but difficult-to-invert synthetic model. The method proceeds by modifying the FWI objective function, and by interleaving a migration-like form of FWI with a tomography-like form. Starting from a constant-velocity, this FWI approach produces a full-bandwidth velocity model that accurately depth migrates the reflection data.
Assessing the Rosemount Icing Detector with In Situ Measurements (2001)

In situ measurements of microphysics conditions, obtained during 38 research flights into winter storms, have been used to characterize the performance of a Rosemount Icing Detector (RID). Characteristics of the RID were determined under a wide range of cloud environments, which included icing conditions within mixed phase, freezing rain, and freezing drizzle environments. Cloud conditions observed included temperatures between 0° and −29°C and liquid water contents (LWCs) up to 0.7 g m−3. The detection threshold for LWC was found to be 0.007 ± 0.010 g m−3 for the RID operated at an air speed of 97 ± 10 m s−1, which agrees well with theoretical predictions. A signal level of 0 ± 2 mV s−1 accounted for 99.6% of the measurements in clear air and 98.5% of the measurements in glaciated clouds, when the data were averaged over 30-s intervals. No significant response to glaciated clouds was found during any of the research flights, implying that the instrument can be used to segregate glaciated and mixed phase clouds. There was no change in the RID response between liquid and mixed phase conditions, suggesting that ice crystals neither eroded ice accumulation nor accreted to the RID surface under the range of conditions experienced. During sustained icing conditions, a linear relationship between the RID signal and LWC was observed after the RID signal exceeded 400 mV above the clear-air signal level. The LWC derived from the RID was found to agree with LWC measurements from Nevzorov probes within ±50% for 92% of the data. The relationship between the RID signal and LWC was unchanged for freezing precipitation environments with drop median volume diameters >100 μm. The Ludlam limit was estimated for low LWC values and was found to agree well with theoretical calculations. The analysis provides considerable insight into the strengths and weaknesses of the instrument for operations in natural icing conditions.
Electrical Stimulation‐Guided Approach to Pulmonary Artery Catheter Ablation in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Pilot Feasibility Study with a 12‐Month Follow‐Up (2020)

Electrical high-frequency stimulation of the PA identifies several types of evoked reactions: heart rate slowing, acceleration, phrenic nerve capture, and cough. The improvement in clinical and hemodynamic parameters following targeted PA ablation in the IPAH patient with positive vasoreactive testing should be confirmed in larger studies.
C16 and C17 derivatives of estradiol as inhibitors of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1: chemical synthesis and structure-activity relationships. (1998)

As a first part of our research focused on the synthesis of 17 beta-HSD type 1 inhibitors without estrogenic activity, we needed to identify a small, easy-to-handle pharmacophore able to block the enzymatic activity. Previous studies on the active site of the enzyme by affinity labeling gave us a basis for the design of steroidal inhibitors derivatives. Several estradiol derivatives bearing a short (three carbons) side chain in position 17 alpha or 16 alpha were synthesized and tested for their ability to inhibit the transformation of estrone into estradiol by 17 beta-HSD type 1 (cytosolic fraction of human placenta). We found that 16 alpha-derivatives of estradiol gave better 17 beta-HSD inhibition than their corresponding 17 alpha analogs. Among several chemical groups used in this study, we conclude that better 17 beta-HSD inhibition was obtained for compounds with a good leaving group at the end of side chain. Thus, an iodopropyl or a bromopropyl side chain at C16 alpha of estradiol (E2) inhibit efficiently the 17 beta-HSD type 1 with IC50 values of 0.42 and 0.46 microM, respectively. Their 17-keto analogs inhibit also the enzyme activity similarly. Since this kind of compounds inhibit the 17 beta-HSD type 1 in time-dependent manner and that enzymatic activity cannot be restored later, we conclude to inhibitor of inactivator type. This conclusion is in accordance with the correlation observed between the ability of leaving group to dissociate and their potency to inhibit 17 beta-HSD type 1. We have also observed that additional addition of untritiated estrone protect the enzyme against the inactivation caused by 16 alpha-bromopropyl-E2 suggesting a competitive inhibitor of 17 beta-HSD. The bromopropyl pharmacophore was then selected to be further added onto an antiestrogenic steroid nucleus.
Design of HyQ – a hydraulically and electrically actuated quadruped robot (2011)

A new versatile hydraulically powered quadruped robot ( HyQ ) has been developed to serve as a platform to study not only highly dynamic motions, such as running and jumping, but also careful navigation over very rough terrain. HyQ stands 1 m tall, weighs roughly 90 kg, and features 12 torque-controlled joints powered by a combination of hydraulic and electric actuators. The hydraulic actuation permits the robot to perform powerful and dynamic motions that are hard to achieve with more traditional electrically actuated robots. This paper describes design and specifications of the robot and presents details on the hardware of the quadruped platform, such as the mechanical design of the four articulated legs and of the torso frame, and the configuration of the hydraulic power system. Results from the first walking experiments are presented, along with test studies using a previously built prototype leg.
Adaptable Crosslinks in Polymeric Materials: Resolving the Intersection of Thermoplastics and Thermosets (2019)

The classical division of polymeric materials into thermoplastics and thermosets based on covalent network structure often implies that these categories are distinct and irreconcilable. Yet, the past two decades have seen extensive development of materials that bridge this gap through incorporation of dynamic crosslinks, enabling them to behave as both robust networks and moldable plastics. Although their potential utility is significant, the growth of covalent adaptable networks (CANs) has obscured the line between "thermoplastic" and "thermoset" and erected a conceptual barrier to the growing number of new researchers entering this discipline. This Perspective aims to both outline the fundamental theory of CANs and provide a critical assessment of their current status. We emphasize throughout that the unique properties of CANs emerge from the network chemistry, and particularly highlight the role that the crosslink exchange mechanism (i.e., dissociative exchange or associative exchange) plays in the resultant material properties under processing conditions. Predominant focus will be on thermally induced dynamic behavior, as the majority of presently employed exchange chemistries rely on thermal stimulus, and it is simple to apply to bulk materials. Lastly, this Perspective aims to identify current issues and address possible solutions for better fundamental understanding within this field.
Chromatic multifocal pupillometer for objective perimetryin patients with macular degeneration(Conference Presentation) (2016)

Purpose: To objectively assess visual field (VF) defects and retinal cell function in healthy subjects and patients with macular degeneration using a chromatic multifocal pupillometer. Methods: A multifocal chromatic pupillometer (MCP) was used to record pupillary responses (PR) of 17 healthy subjects and 5 Best Vitelliform macular dystrophy patients. Blue and red light stimuli (peak 485nm and 620nm, respectively) were presented at light intensities of 400 and 1000 cd/m2, respectively at 76 different points in a 16.2 degree VF. The PR of patients were compared with their findings on Humphrey's 24-2 perimetry, optical coherence tomography and the PR obtained from healthy subjects. Results: Patients demonstrated reduced percentage of pupillary contraction and slower maximal contraction velocity, more than two standard errors (SE) away from the mean of healthy subjects in response to red light in majority of VF locations. In response to blue light, the percentage of pupillary contraction was lower (by over two SE) compared with normal controls only in central locations. The latency of maximal contraction velocity was shorter in patients compared with healthy subjects in response to both colors. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the advantage of using MCP-based objective VF to assess central scotoma in macular degeneration. Our finding also suggests that chromatic perimetry may differentiate between PR mediated by cones and rods, and can specifically detect defects in macular cones. Different parameters of PR such as latency of maximal contraction velocity may shed light on the pathophysiology of different blinding diseases.
Spell: Streaming Parsing of System Event Logs (2016)

System event logs have been frequently used as a valuable resource in data-driven approaches to enhance system health and stability. A typical procedure in system log analytics is to first parse unstructured logs, and then apply data analysis on the resulting structured data. Previous work on parsing system event logs focused on offline, batch processing of raw log files. But increasingly, applications demand online monitoring and processing. We propose an online streaming method Spell, which utilizes a longest common subsequence based approach, to parse system event logs. We show how to dynamically extract log patterns from incoming logs and how to maintain a set of discovered message types in streaming fashion. Evaluation results on large real system logs demonstrate that even compared with the offline alternatives, Spell shows its superiority in terms of both efficiency and effectiveness.
Combination of Multiple mRNA Markers (PTTG1, Survivin, UbcH10 and TK1) in the Diagnosis of Taiwanese Patients with Breast Cancer by Membrane Array (2006)

These findings demonstrated that our multimarker membrane array method could detect CTCs in the circulation of breast cancer patients with considerably high sensitivity and specificity.
REMOVAL OF ACETALDEHYDE BY SEPIOLITE-2-AMINOBENZOIC ACID COMPLEX FROM AMBIENT AIR (1992)

The removal of acetaldehyde by sepiolite combined with 2-aminobenzoic acid (OABA) (sepiolite-OABA complex) from ambient air was studied in comparison with that of the aldehyde by sepiolite, coconut-shell active carbon (carbon), 5A-zeolite, 13X-zeolite, diatomaceous earth, as well as these porous material-OABA complexes. Experiments were done at 25°C in ambient air. The removal rate of the aldehyde by these porous material-OABA (10%) complexes followed the order of sepiolite->> carbon->13X-zeolite->5A-zeolite>diatomaceous earth-OABA (10%) complexes. The amount of the aldehyde removed by the sepiolite-OABA complex was much larger than that by OABA and that by sepiolite itself
Cancer Chemoprevention Through Dietary Antioxidants: Progress and Promise (2007)

It is estimated that nearly one-third of all cancer deaths in the United States could be prevented through appropriate dietary modification. Various dietary antioxidants have shown considerable promise as effective agents for cancer prevention by reducing oxidative stress which has been implicated in the development of many diseases, including cancer. Therefore, for reducing the incidence of cancer, modifications in dietary habits, especially by increasing consumption of fruits and vegetables rich in antioxidants, are increasingly advocated. Accumulating research evidence suggests that many dietary factors may be used alone or in combination with traditional chemotherapeutic agents to prevent the occurrence of cancer, their metastatic spread, or even to treat cancer. The reduced cancer risk and lack of toxicity associated with high intake of fruits and vegetables suggest that specific concentrations of antioxidant agents from these dietary sources may produce cancer chemopreventive effects without causing significant levels of toxicity. This review presents an extensive analysis of the key findings from studies on the effects of dietary antioxidants such as tea polyphenols, curcumin, genistein, resveratrol, lycopene, pomegranate, and lupeol against cancers of the skin, prostate, breast, lung, and liver. This research is also leading to the identification of novel cancer drug targets.
Differentiation Therapy Targeting the β-Catenin/CBP Interaction in Pancreatic Cancer (2018)

We report for the first time that <i>K-Ras</i> activation increases the CBP/β-catenin interaction in pancreatic cancer; and that ICG-001 specific antagonism of the CBP/β-catenin interaction sensitizes pancreatic cancer cells and tumors to gemcitabine treatment. These effects were associated with increases in the expression of let-7a microRNA; suppression of <i>K-Ras</i> and survivin; and the elimination of drug-resistant cancer stem/tumor-initiating cells.
The Angiotensin II Receptor 2 Is Expressed and Mediates Angiotensin II Signaling in Lung Fibrosis (2007)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a severe interstitial lung disease unresponsive to currently available therapies. In IPF, initial alveolar epithelial cell damage leads to activation of fibroblast-(myo)fibroblasts, which deposit an increased amount of a collagen-rich extracellular matrix. Angiotensin II (ANGII) signaling, mediated via angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AGTR1) or type 2 (AGTR2), controls tissue remodeling in fibrosis, but the relevance of AGTR2 remains elusive. In the present study, we demonstrated increased expression of AGTR1 und AGTR2 in human and rodent lung tissues from patients with IPF and mice subjected to bleomycin-induced fibrosis, respectively. Both AGTR1 und AGTR2 localized to interstitial fibroblasts. Quantitative analysis of cell surface expression in primary mouse fibroblasts revealed a significant increase of AGTR2 surface expression in fibrotic fibroblasts, whereas AGTR1 surface expression levels remained similar. ANGII treatment of normal fibroblasts led to enhanced migration and proliferation, which was abrogated after pretreatment with losartan (LOS), an AGTR1 inhibitor. In contrast, in fibrotic fibroblasts, migration and proliferation was modified only by AGTR2, but not AGTR1 inhibition (using PD123319). ANGII-induced effects were mediated via phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases p38 and p42/44, which was blocked via LOS and PD123319, respectively. Similar effects of AGTR1 and AGTR2 inhibition were observed using conditioned media of alveolar epithelial cells, a prominent source of ANGII in the lung in vivo. In summary, we conclude that ANGII signaling occurs primarily via AGTR1 in normal fibroblasts, while AGTR2-mediated effects are dominant on activated (myo)-fibroblasts, a receptor switch that may perturb epithelial-mesenchymal interaction, thereby further perpetuating fibrogenesis.
Fabrication, luminescent properties and possible photonics application of Eu:Y<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> nanoparticles (2008)

The Eu <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> doped yttria nanoparticles were synthesized by modified Pechini method. Different values of sintering temperature were applied during synthesis process. XRD patterns were taken to examine the structure and estimate the average grains size of obtained nanocrystals. The photoluminescence of obtained powders was measured. Then powders were electrophoretically deposited on ITO-glass slides. Cathodoluminescent spectra of deposited layers were taken and compared. Also the luminescent decay times for <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> D <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</inf> → <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> F <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> were recorded. The influence of sintering temperature on cathodoluminescent and photoluminescent properties of europium doped Y <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> nanocrystallites and possible application of obtained material will be discussed.
Power reduction techniques for digital array multipliers (2007)

Low-power multipliers are very important for reducing energy consumption of digital processing systems. This paper discusses recent techniques proposed for low power array multipliers and presents their experimental comparison on 16x16 bit multiplier design.
5.10 A 1.4V 10.5MHz swing-boosted differential relaxation oscillator with 162.1dBc/Hz FOM and 9.86psrms period jitter in 0.18µm CMOS (2016)

Relaxation oscillators have a profound scope as on-chip reference clock sources or sensor front-ends in comparison to ring oscillators due to their superior frequency stability, control linearity, and wide tuning range. However, despite a better fundamental limit predicted in theory, the phase noise performance of relaxation oscillators trails behind that of ring oscillators. Furthermore, there is a huge gap between the maximum achievable 1/f <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> phase noise FOM (169dBc/Hz) [1] and those achieved by recently proposed low-power relaxation oscillator implementations [1-4].
Simultaneous Graphite Exfoliation and N Doping in Supercritical Ammonia (2016)

We report the exfoliation of graphite and simultaneous N doping of graphene by two methods: supercritical ammonia treatment and liquid-phase exfoliation with NH<sub>4</sub>OH. While the supercritical ammonia allowed N doping at a level of 6.4 atom % in 2 h, the liquid-phase exfoliation with NH<sub>4</sub>OH allowed N doping at a level of 2.7 atom % in 6 h. The N doped graphene obtained via the supercritical ammonia route had few layers (<5) and showed large lateral flake size (∼8 μm) and low defect density (I<sub>D</sub>/I<sub>G</sub> < 0.6) in spite of their high level of N doping. This work is the first demonstration of supercritical ammonia as an exfoliation agent and N doping precursor for graphene. Notably, the N doped graphene showed electrocatalytic activity toward oxygen reduction reaction with high durability and good methanol tolerance compared to those of commercial Pt/C catalyst.
Mapping of retinal function in diabetic retinopathy using the multifocal electroretinogram. (1997)

Second-order components depend on nonlinear dynamics. Thus our findings indicate changes in the nonlinear dynamics of a fast-gain control in diabetic patients, presumably located in the inner retina. This suggests that early functional changes of the inner retina are evident in diabetic patients before impairment of the outer retina is observed. Multifocal nonlinear analysis permits the detection of subclinical diabetic retinopathy and offers the advantage of topographic mapping of retinal dysfunction.