gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deep learning approach for Network Intrusion Detection in Software Defined Networking (2016)

Software Defined Networking (SDN) has recently emerged to become one of the promising solutions for the future Internet. With the logical centralization of controllers and a global network overview, SDN brings us a chance to strengthen our network security. However, SDN also brings us a dangerous increase in potential threats. In this paper, we apply a deep learning approach for flow-based anomaly detection in an SDN environment. We build a Deep Neural Network (DNN) model for an intrusion detection system and train the model with the NSL-KDD Dataset. In this work, we just use six basic features (that can be easily obtained in an SDN environment) taken from the forty-one features of NSL-KDD Dataset. Through experiments, we confirm that the deep learning approach shows strong potential to be used for flow-based anomaly detection in SDN environments.
Improved Software Updating for Automotive ECUs: Code Compression. (2016)

Vehicles these days have roughly one hundred Electronic Control Units (ECUs). Therefore, it is difficult to fix bugs that are caused by timing. The near future may hold autonomous vehicles, which will be controlled by extensive software. Therefore, software updating will be necessary. Many vehicles are connected to a network, thus, updating should take as little time as possible. In this paper, we show how to reduce the data size for software updating. Our method is based on bsdiff, which is a well-known code-difference technique. We propose an improved bsdiff method and evaluate it by simulation. We found that it slightly reduced some of the data sizes.
Raman Scattering Study of Lithium Diborate (Li<sub>2</sub>B<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub>) Single Crystal (1990)

The temperature dependence of Raman spectra of lithium diborate (Li 2 B 4 O 7 ) was measured at temperature range from 300 K to 900 K. At room temperature, 12 A 1 , 12 B 1 , 15 B 2 and 22 E modes were observed by various scattering geometries. No soft mode was observed in the above temperature range, implying that no displacive-type phase transition takes place there.
Lithium−Nickel Citrate Precursors for the Preparation of LiNiO<sub>2</sub> Insertion Electrodes (1997)

Noncrystalline solids with LiNi(C6H4O7)3/4·xH2O, LiNi(C6H5O7)·xH2O, and (NH4)3LiNi(C6H5O7)2·xH2O (x ≈ 5) chemical compositions were obtained by freeze drying of concentrated lithium−nickel−citrate solutions. The IR spectra of solid citrates reveal that triionized citrate ions chelate the Ni2+ ions with their carboxylate groups acting as monodentate agents. Electronic spectra reveal monomeric 1:1 Ni(II)−citrate(−3) complexes in the mixed citrate powders. Finely disperse layered Li1-xNi1+xO2 solids were obtained by the thermal decomposition of the citrate precursors at 700−800 °C in an oxygen atmosphere. Almost stoichiometric Li1-xNi1+xO2 (x ≤ 0.05) oxides with layered R3̄m structure are obtained from monocitrate precursors. The LiNiO2 powder were used as active cathode material in lithium cells. Cyclic voltammograms showed several current peaks during the first cycle resulting from the formation of the intermediate phases usually found in quasi-stoichiometric LiNiO2. After the almost complete extraction of lithium, further cycles reveal a significant loss of capacity and changes in the number of current peaks as a result of the changes induced in the structure of the solid. EPR data on cycled LiNiO2 show partial migration of Ni from 3a (nickel layers) to 3b sites (lithium layers).
A Novel Framework for<i> Ab Initio</i> Coarse Protein Structure Prediction (2018)

Hydrophobic-Polar model is a simplified representation of Protein Structure Prediction (PSP) problem. However, even with the HP model, the PSP problem remains NP-complete. This work proposes a systematic and problem specific design for operators of the evolutionary program which hybrids with local search hill climbing, to efficiently explore the search space of PSP and thereby obtain an optimum conformation. The proposed algorithm achieves this by incorporating the following novel features: (i) new initialization method which generates only valid individuals with (rather than random) better fitness values; (ii) use of probability-based selection operators that limit the local convergence; (iii) use of secondary structure based mutation operator that makes the structure more closely to the laboratory determined structure; and (iv) incorporating all the above-mentioned features developed a complete two-tier framework. The developed framework builds the protein conformation on the square and triangular lattice. The test has been performed using benchmark sequences, and a comparative evaluation is done with various state-of-the-art algorithms. Moreover, in addition to hypothetical test sequences, we have tested protein sequences deposited in protein database repository. It has been observed that the proposed framework has shown superior performance regarding accuracy (fitness value) and speed (number of generations needed to attain the final conformation). The concepts used to enhance the performance are generic and can be used with any other population-based search algorithm such as genetic algorithm, ant colony optimization, and immune algorithm.
Classification of Functions in Smart Home (2012)

The new trends in decoration of family homes are aimed at solving home called smart home (hereafter SH). Looking definition for intelligence SH is different for the user, investor, architect or designer SH devices. This means that the SH functions are chosen differently, the definition of SH is inconsistent. This paper presents a new approach in the proposal optimum choice of functions, which are based on a hierarchical categorization of functions; classification of types of user SH and SH defined the concept of intelligence. Our approach to the solution of SH provides the direct use of the software support system design specification of user requirements in a form that is suitable for hardware and software implementation of SH functions.
Characterization of the Maize <i>Mutator</i> Transposable Element MURA Transposase as a DNA-Binding Protein (1997)

The autonomous MuDR element of the Mutator (Mu) transposable element family of maize encodes at least two proteins, MURA and MURB. Based on amino acid sequence similarity, previous studies have reported that MURA is likely to be a transposase. The functional characterization of MURA has been hindered by the instability of its cDNA, mudrA, in Escherichia coli. In this study, we report the first successful stabilization and expression of MURA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Gel mobility shift assays demonstrate that MURA is a DNA-binding protein that specifically binds to sequences within the highly conserved Mu element terminal inverted repeats (TIRs). DNase I and 1,10-phenanthroline-copper footprinting of MURA-Mu1 TIR complexes indicate that MURA binds to a conserved approximately 32-bp region in the TIR of Mu1. In addition, MURA can bind to the same region in the TIRs of all tested actively transposing Mu elements but binds poorly to the diverged Mu TIRs of inactive elements. Previous studies have reported a correlation between Mu transposon inactivation and methylation of the Mu element TIRs. Gel mobility shift assays demonstrate that MURA can interact differentially with unmethylated, hemimethylated, and homomethylated TIR substrates. The significance of MURA's interaction with the TIRs of Mu elements is discussed in the context of what is known about the regulation and mechanisms of Mutator activities in maize.
Cation distribution in NiZn-ferrite films via extended x-ray absorption fine structure (1996)

We have applied extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy to study the cation distribution in a series of spin-sprayed NiZn-ferrite films. A least-squares fitting of experimental EXAFS data with theoretical, multiple-scattering, EXAFS data allowed the quantitative determination of site distributions for all transition metal cations.
Synthesis of Pincer-Type Bis(benzimidazolin-2-ylidene) Palladium Complexes and Their Application in C−C Coupling Reactions (2006)

Reaction of the xylene-bridged bisbenzimidazolium salts 2,6-bis(N-alkyl-N‘-methylenebenzimidazolium)-1-bromophenylene dibromide (1, alkyl = ethyl; 2, alkyl = n-propyl; 3, alkyl = n-butyl) with [Pd2(dba)3] yields the palladium pincer complexes of type [Pd(L)Br], 4−6 (L = 2,6-bis(N-alkyl-N‘-methylenebenzimidazolin-2-ylidene)phenylene). Pincer complexes 4−6 have been tested as precatalysts in Heck and Suzuki coupling reactions of various aryl bromides with styrene and phenylboronic acid, respectively.
Immuno-ultrastructural localization of involucrin in squamous epithelium and cultured keratinocytes. (1985)

Involucrin immunoreactivity was localized ultrastructurally with protein A--gold in epidermis and cultured keratinocytes embedded in Lowicryl K4M. In the skin, immunoreactivity was found predominantly in cells of the granular layer and inner stratum corneum. The label was associated primarily with amorphous cytoplasmic material and especially keratohyaline granules. Some labeling was observed at the cell periphery, but little with keratin filaments. Tissue samples examined without aldehyde fixation showed relatively greater labeling in the outer stratum corneum than fixed tissue. In cultured cells, the labeling was also associated primarily with cytoplasmic granular material and to a lesser extent with the cell periphery. Upon treatment with the ionophore X537A, keratin filaments were found in aggregated arrays and the plasma membranes became convoluted. That involucrin immunoreactivity persisted in the cytoplasm in cultured cells and in vivo after cross-linking occurs could account for considerable isopeptide bonding detected in epidermal keratin fractions and indicates that not all the involucrin participates in envelope formation.
Acne: more than skin deep (2006)

Acne is one of the most prevalent skin conditions affecting teenagers. It is a disease of the pilosebaceous unit. Blockage of sebaceous glands and colonisation with Proionobacterium acnes leads to acne. Grading the severity of acne helps to determine the appropriate treatment. Treatment of acne should be started as early as possible to minimise the risk of scarring and adverse psychological effects. It should be tailored to the individual patient, the type of acne, its severity, the patient's ability to use the treatment, and the psychological state. Topical agents are the mainstay for treatment of mild acne. Moderate acne is treated with oral antibiotics. Resistance to antibiotics may be reduced by subsequent use of non-antibiotic topical medications. Severe acne is treated with isotretinoin, and this can lead to permanent remission. With better education and care given by medical profession, acne treatment could be significantly improved.
A perinucleolar compartment contains several RNA polymerase III transcripts as well as the polypyrimidine tract-binding protein, hnRNP I [published erratum appears in J Cell Biol 1995 Jul;130(2):497-500] (1995)

We have investigated the subcellular organization of the four human Y RNAs. These RNAs, which are transcribed by RNA polymerase III, are usually found complexed with the Ro autoantigen, a 60-kD protein. We designed 2'-OMe oligoribonucleotides that were complementary to accessible single-stranded regions of Y RNAs within Ro RNPs and used them in fluorescence in situ hybridization. Although all four Y RNAs were primarily cytoplasmic, oligonucleotides directed against three of the RNAs hybridized to discrete structures near the nucleolar rim. We have termed these structures "perinucleolar compartments" (PNCs). Double labeling experiments with appropriate antisera revealed that PNCs are distinct from coiled bodies and fibrillar centers. Co-hybridization with a genomic DNA clone spanning the human Y1 and Y3 genes showed that PNCs are not stably associated with the transcription site for these Y RNAs. Although 5S rDNA was often located near the nucleolar periphery, PNCs are not associated with 5S gene loci. Two additional pol III transcripts, the RNA components of RNase P and RNase MRP, did colocalize within PNCs. Most interestingly, the polypyrimidine tract-binding protein hnRNP I/PTB was also concentrated in this compartment. Possible roles for this novel nuclear subdomain in macromolecular assembly and/or nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of these five pol III transcripts, along with hnRNP I/PTB, are discussed.
Visual programming abstractions for interactive multimedia presentation authoring (2003)

Various multimedia authoring environments have been developed, resulting in a variety of approaches as to how such presentations are structured and authored. Implicit in these systems is a data model for composing multimedia objects and a user interface model for the authoring activity. Making these models explicit is one goal of this work, since it will lead to the design of easier-to-use and more powerful tools. The authors distinguish the structure of the multimedia objects being composed and the different presentation states that the viewer experiences. The latter is what the author is most concerned with; the former is what most tools allow the author to directly manipulate. The authors illustrate these ideas with examples of multimedia authoring tools that they have developed, and suggest several directions for improvement.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
VERMES (2011)

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WATER-SOLUBLE, ZERO-VALENT, PLATINUM-P(CH2OH)3 PALLADIUM-P(CH2OH)3 AND NICKEL-P(CH2OH)3 COMPLEXES - CATALYSTS FOR THE ADDITION OF PH3 TO CH2O (1989)

The phosphine P(CH2OH)3 forms water soluble complexes of the type[M{P(CH2OH)3}4] (M = pt, Pd, or Ni) which are catalysts for the addition of PH3 to CH2O and the Pt complex is readily protonated by water;the crystal structure of the Pd complex is also described.
Agreement between image grading of conventional (45 degrees) and ultra wide-angle (200 degrees) digital images in the macula in the Reykjavik eye study (2010)

Purpose To establish the agreement between image grading of conventional (45 degrees) and ultra wide-angle (200 degrees) digital images in the macula.Methods In 2008, the 12-year follow-up was conducted on 573 participants of the Reykjavik Eye Study. This study included the use of the Optos P200C AF ultra wide-angle laser scanning ophthalmoscope alongside Zeiss FF 450 conventional digital fundus camera on 121 eyes with or without age-related macular degeneration using the International Classification System. Of these eyes, detailed grading was carried out on five cases each with hard drusen, geographic atrophy and chorioretinal neovascularisation, and six cases of soft drusen. Exact agreement and kappa-statistics were calculated.Results Comparison of the conventional and ultra wide-angle images in the macula showed an overall 96.43% agreement (kappa = 0.93) with no disagreement at end-stage disease; although in one eye chorioretinal neovascularisation was graded as drusenoid pigment epithelial detachment. Of patients with drusen only, the exact agreement was 96.1%. The detailed grading showed no clinically significant disagreement between the conventional 45 degrees and 200 degrees images.Conclusions On the basis of our results, there is a good agreement between grading conventional and ultra wide-angle images in the macula. Eye (2010) 24, 1568-1575; doi:10.1038/eye.2010.85; published online 4 June 2010
Ultrafast Electron Injection, Hole Transfer, and Charge Recombination Dynamics in CdSe QD Super-Sensitized Re(I)–Polypyridyl Complexes with Catechol and Resorcinol Moiety: Effect of Coupling (2015)

Ultrafast charge-transfer dynamics have been demonstrated in CdSe quantum dots (QD) using two Re(I)–polypyridyl complexes having pendent catechol (Re1,2) and resorcinol (Re1,3) as the sensitizer molecules. The energy level diagram of CdSe QD and Re1,2 and Re1,3 sensitizer reveals that photoexcited hole of CdSe QD can be transferred to both Re1,2 and Re1,3 molecule, and photoexcited Re1,2 and Re1,3 can inject electron in the conduction band, which has been confirmed by steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence studies with selective photoexcitation. Femtosecond transient absorption studies have been carried out to monitor charge-transfer dynamics in early time scale. Transient absorption spectra show formation of cation radicals for both Re1,2 and Re1,3 in the 550–650 nm region with a peak at 590 nm region and broad absorption in the 650–1000 nm region, which can be attributed to photoexcited electron in the conduction band of CdSe QD. Charge recombination was determined by monitoring the decay of cation radicals as well as decay of an electron and found to be slower in the Re1,3/CdSe system as compared to that of the Re1,2/CdSe system, which is due to weaker electronic coupling in the former system.
A 0.31-pJ/bit 20-Gb/s DFE With 1 Discrete Tap and 2 IIR Filters Feedback in 40-nm-LP CMOS (2016)

This brief presents a low-power 20-Gb/s decision feedback equalizer (DFE) with one discrete tap and two infinite impulse response (IIR) filters feedback. The advantage of the IIR-DFE lies in both great energy and area efficiency for large channel attenuations. To further enhance the power efficiency of the IIR-DFE, the charge-steering logic (CSL) is utilized in this brief. Besides, the quarter-rate topology is adopted to alleviate the race condition of the CSL-based DFE. Fabricated in a 40-nm-LP CMOS process, the DFE core circuits only consumes 6.2 mW from the 1-V supply. Moreover, the core entirely occupies an area of 5700 um <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Measured with PRBS7, the bit error rates are all less than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-12</sup> for channel loss from -7.98 to -18.3 dB. Finally, the power efficiency of this IIR-DFE is 0.31 pJ/bit.
Nonallergic individuals recognize the same T cell epitopes of Bet v 1, the major birch pollen allergen, as atopic patients. (1995)

The immune response toward allergens in nonallergic healthy individuals was investigated. To boost immune responses, two injections of birch pollen extract were administered to five nonallergic volunteers. T cell lines (TCL) with specificity for Bet v 1, the major birch pollen allergen, were established and analyzed for epitope specificity using overlapping peptides. Forty-nine T cell clones (TCC) specific for Bet v 1 were isolated from TCLs. Comparison with TCL and TCC established from birch pollen-allergic patients was performed. All TCC revealed the Th phenotype. Epitope specificities of TCL and TCC from nonatopics were identical to those found in allergic individuals. No association between MHC class II molecules and particular epitopes could be observed. In nonallergic as well as in allergic individuals, cytokine production in response to specific stimulation revealed a majority of Th-clones producing IL-4 and IFN-gamma. However, TCC derived from atopic individuals revealed a higher IL-4/IFN-gamma ratio. Immunoblot and ELISA revealed Bet v 1-specific IgG in nonallergic individuals before and after booster injections, but no IgE could be detected. High levels of Bet v 1-specific IgG and IgE could be detected in birch pollen-allergic patients. It can be concluded, that nonatopic and allergic individuals display the same repertoire of T cell specificities. In allergic individuals, the activation of allergen-specific TCC leads to a higher ratio of produced IL-4 vs IFN-gamma, which is responsible for enhanced IgE production.
TDMA-Schemes for Tree-Routing in Data Intensive Wireless Sensor Networks (2007)

A particular class of data intensive wireless sensor networks are those networks where sensors periodically measure data with high rates. The focus of this work is on the efficient transport of high volumes of sampled data through a multi-hop network with limited resources using a routing tree. This paper analyzes TDMA schemes for this purpose with respect to buffer usage and energy consumption. In particular, it is shown, that classical TDMA schemes are not optimal for tree-routing in data-intensive sensor networks.
Foodborne Pathogens (2002)

Part 1 Risk assessment and management in the food chain: Introduction Detecting pathogens in food Modeling the growth, survival and death of microbial pathogens in foods Risk assessment and pathogen management Emerging foodborne pathogens and the food industry Pathogen control in primary production: meat, dairy and eggs Pathogen control in primary production: crop foods Pathogen control in primary production: fisheries and aquaculture Pathogen control in primary production: bivalve shellfish Hygienic plant design Hygienic equipment design Sanitation Safe process design and operation The effective implementation of HACCP systems in food processing Good practice for food handlers and consumers. Part 2 Bacterial hazards: Preservation principles and technologies: Pathogenic Escherichia coli Salmonella Listeria monocytogenes Campylobacter and Arcobacter Other Gram-negative bacterial pathogens Staphylococcus aureus and other pathogenic Gram positive cocci Pathogenic Clostridium species Pathogenic Bacillus species. Part 3 Other agents of foodborne disease: Hepatitis viruses and emerging viruses Parasites: Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Cyclospora, Entamoeba histolytica, Toxoplasma gondii and pathogenic free-living amoebae (Acanthamoeba spp. and Naegleria fowleri) as foodborne pathogens Foodborne helminth infections Toxigenic fungi Mycobacterium paratuberculosis Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy (Prion Disease) Histamine fish poisoning: new information to control a common seafood safety issue Gastroenteritis viruses.
Preliminary observations on abnormalities of membrane structure and function in essential hypertension. (1986)

To test the hypothesis that structural abnormalities exist in the cell membrane in persons with essential hypertension and that these abnormalities affect membrane-related cellular functions, we examined several membrane-dependent phenomena and membrane lipid composition in the blood cells of subjects with essential hypertension. We analyzed platelet aggregability, membrane fluidity, membrane fatty acid composition, and erythrocyte deformability in four normolipidemic subjects with untreated essential hypertension and in five age-matched normotensive controls. As compared with the controls, the subjects with essential hypertension had platelets that aggregated at lower concentrations of adenosine 5'-diphosphate, platelet membranes that were less fluid, and erythrocytes that were more deformable. Lipid analysis of the membranes of platelets from the two study groups showed that although the cholesterol content was identical, the membranes from the essential hypertension group contained significantly less linoleic acid (18:2) than did those from the normotensive controls. Given the known effects of cis-unsaturated fatty acyl composition on membrane fluidity and membrane-related cellular functions, these data suggest that one factor contributing to essential hypertension is an inherent structural membrane abnormality that alters the physical and functional properties of the cell membrane.