gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High Sensitivity of the Human Circadian Melatonin Rhythm to Resetting by Short Wavelength Light (2003)

The endogenous circadian oscillator in mammals, situated in the suprachiasmatic nuclei, receives environmental photic input from specialized subsets of photoreceptive retinal ganglion cells. The human circadian pacemaker is exquisitely sensitive to ocular light exposure, even in some people who are otherwise totally blind. The magnitude of the resetting response to white light depends on the timing, intensity, duration, number and pattern of exposures. We report here that the circadian resetting response in humans, as measured by the pineal melatonin rhythm, is also wavelength dependent. Exposure to 6.5 h of monochromatic light at 460 nm induces a two-fold greater circadian phase delay than 6.5 h of 555 nm monochromatic light of equal photon density. Similarly, 460 nm monochromatic light causes twice the amount of melatonin suppression compared to 555 nm monochromatic light, and is dependent on the duration of exposure in addition to wavelength. These studies demonstrate that the peak of sensitivity of the human circadian pacemaker to light is blue-shifted relative to the three-cone visual photopic system, the sensitivity of which peaks at approximately 555 nm. Thus photopic lux, the standard unit of illuminance, is inappropriate when quantifying the photic drive required to reset the human circadian pacemaker.
Biotransformation of Glycyrrhizin by Buffered Cell Suspension Cultures of Catharanthus roseus. (1992)

[in Japanese]
Metabolic Activation Stimulates Acid Production in Synovial Fibroblasts* (2024)

Activated synovial fibroblasts not only express inflammatory cytokines and matrix degrading proteases that are associated with the pathomechanisms of RA, but upon stimulation may release acidic components that lower pH and consequently enhance cathepsin activity and collagen solubilization.
Synthesis, Structures, and Catalytic Reactions of Ring-Substituted Titanium(IV) Complexes (2003)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, Structures, and Catalytic Reactions of Ring-Substituted Titanium(IV) ComplexesYanlong Qian, Jiling Huang, Muhammad D. Bala, Bing Lian, Hao Zhang, and Hao ZhangView Author Information The Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2003, 103, 7, 2633–2690Publication Date (Web):June 21, 2003Publication History Received6 November 2002Published online21 June 2003Published inissue 1 July 2003https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr020002xhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr020002xresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2003 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2303Altmetric-Citations158LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Hydrocarbons,Ligands,Sandwich compounds,Titanium Get e-Alerts
3D models in the new era of immune oncology: focus on T cells, CAF and ECM (2019)

Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy has changed clinical practice for patients with different cancers, since these agents have demonstrated a significant improvement of overall survival and are effective in many patients. However, an intrinsic or acquired resistance frequently occur and biomarkers predictive of responsiveness should help in patient selection and in defining the adequate treatment options. A deep analysis of the complexity of the tumor microenvironment is likely to further advance the field and hopefully identify more effective combined immunotherapeutic strategies. Here we review the current knowledge on tumor microenvironment, focusing on T cells, cancer associated fibroblasts and extracellular matrix. The use of 3D cell culture models to resemble tumor microenvironment landscape and to screen immunomodulatory drugs is also reviewed.
Successful treatment of metastatic melanoma by adoptive transfer of blood-derived polyclonal tumor-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in combination with low-dose interferon-alpha (2011)

A phase I/II study was conducted to test the feasibility and safety of the adoptive transfer of tumor-reactive T cells and daily injections of interferon-alpha (IFNα) in metastatic melanoma patients with progressive disease. Autologous melanoma cell lines were established to generate tumor-specific T cells by autologous mixed lymphocyte tumor cell cultures using peripheral blood lymphocytes. Ten patients were treated with on average 259 (range 38-474) million T cells per infusion to a maximum of six infusions, and clinical response was evaluated according to the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST). Five patients showed clinical benefit from this treatment, including one complete regression, one partial response, and three patients with stable disease. No treatment-related serious adverse events were observed, except for the appearance of necrotic-like fingertips in one patient. An IFNα-related transient leucopenia was detected in 6 patients, including all responders. One responding patient displayed vitiligo. The infused T-cell batches consisted of tumor-reactive polyclonal CD8+ and/or CD4+ T cells. Clinical reactivity correlated with the functional properties of the infused tumor-specific T cells, including their in vitro expansion rate and the secretion of mainly Th1 cytokines as opposed to Th2 cytokines. Our study shows that relatively low doses of T cells and low-dose IFNα can lead to successful treatment of metastatic melanoma and reveals a number of parameters potentially associated with this success.
OLED Fundamentals (2015)

Introduction Evgueni Polikarpov and Daniel J. Gaspar Materials Substrates Abhinav Bhandari and Daniel J. Gaspar OLED Encapsulation Lorenza Moro, Damien Boesch, and Xianghui Zeng Transparent Electrodes for OLED Devices Roman Korotkov and Gary S. Silverman Charge-Injection Layers Mark T. Greiner and Zheng-Hong Lu Small Molecule Fundamentals Xin Xu and Michael S. Weaver Electron Transport Materials Hisahiro Sasabe and Junji Kido Hole Transport Materials Evgueni Polikarpov Conductivity Doping Falk Loeser, Max Tietze, Bjorn Lussem, and Jan Blochwitz-Nimoth Development of Host Materials for High-Efficiency Organic Light-Emitting Devices Asanga B. Padmaperuma Phosphorescent Emitters Valentina A. Krylova and Mark E. Thompson Devices and Processing Microcavity Effects and Light Extraction Enhancement Min-Hao Michael Lu Device Degradation Denis Y. Kondakov Vapor Deposition Methods and Technologies: Research to Manufacturing David W. Gotthold Solution Deposition Methods and Technologies: Research to Manufacturing Vsevolod V. Rostovtsev and Curtis R. Fincher Design Considerations for OLED Lighting Yuan-Sheng Tyan Materials, Processing, and Applications Daniel J. Gaspar Index of Materials Subject Index
The Role Of Pdgf C And Its Splice Variant In Breast Cancer (2014)

The PDGF family consists of four members; while PDGF A and B are secreted as active dimers, PDGF C and D are secreted as latent dimers that undergo serine protease-mediated extracellular proteolytic activation. Gene expression analysis of breast cancer cell lines showed that PDGF C expression is associated with Basal B subtype breast cancer cells which have cancer stem cell-like characteristics. Furthermore, PDGF C expression is associated with triple-negative (estrogen receptor-, progesterone receptor- and HER2/neu-negative) breast cancer cells, a challenging type of breast cancer to treat. During the course of our study, we discovered a splice variant of PDGF C encoding the truncated PDGF C protein (t-PDGF C). Specific aims of this dissertation are to determine the role of full-length PDGF C (FL-PDGF C) and t-PDGF C in breast cancer and to characterize their subcellular localizations. This study found that although t-PDGF C presumably lacks the signal peptide, it is secreted as a heterodimer with FL-PDGF C which can undergo extracellular proteolytic activation. Furthermore, PDGF C was found in the nuclear fraction of breast cancer cells, suggesting an uncharacterized function in breast cancer. A putative nuclear localization sequence in PDGF C showed little effect on its nuclear localization as determined by the point mutagenesis assay. Interestingly, we found that the serine protease cleavage site in the hinge region plays a critical role for both extracellular proteolytic processing and nuclear accumulation of PDGF C, suggesting that the biochemical processing and the subcellular localization are co-regulated. For the functional study, we established in vitro cell models engineered to overexpress PDGF C isoforms or inhibit its expression. This study found that PDGF C expression correlates with cell proliferation, invasive phenotype and anchorage-independent growth in vitro. Importantly, t-PDGF C expression further promoted PDGF C-induced phenotypic transformation. PDGF C downregulation decreased tumor growth and metastatic potential in vivo. Taken together, this study identified PDGF C and its splice variant as key signaling molecules in breast cancer. In addition, once thought of as primarily an extracellular signaling molecule, nuclear localization marks a potentially important paradigm shift in PDGF C biology.
Sequencing Rules for Productivity Improvements in Underground Coal Mining* (1991)

In this paper, we report on a unique two‐machine, dynamic sequencing problem that was involved in a project designed to improve the productivity of underground coal mining operations. It was discovered that mine output was dependent on the particular sequence of faces the continuous miner and bolter worked. The problem is characterized by two unique features. First, the problem is unique because of the geological and safety constraints that must be satisfied by the sequence. Second, the scheduling problem is dynamic because the available job sets change as work progresses, and the production times change as coal is mined. Three heuristic approaches were developed and tested using mine parameters. The best heuristic had a worst case scenario of being within 2.7 percent of the optimal sequence and only a 1.1 percent chance of determining a better sequence. This heuristic resulted in an 8.1 percent productivity improvement.
Covalent Modifiers: A Chemical Perspective on the Reactivity of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyls with Thiols via Hetero-Michael Addition Reactions (2016)

Although Michael acceptors display a potent and broad spectrum of bioactivity, they have largely been ignored in drug discovery because of their presumed indiscriminate reactivity. As such, a dearth of information exists relevant to the thiol reactivity of natural products and their analogues possessing this moiety. In the midst of recently approved acrylamide-containing drugs, it is clear that a good understanding of the hetero-Michael addition reaction and the relative reactivities of biological thiols with Michael acceptors under physiological conditions is needed for the design and use of these compounds as biological tools and potential therapeutics. This Perspective provides information that will contribute to this understanding, such as kinetics of thiol addition reactions, bioactivities, as well as steric and electronic factors that influence the electrophilicity and reversibility of Michael acceptors. This Perspective is focused on α,β-unsaturated carbonyls given their preponderance in bioactive natural products.
Frequency of Use and Standards of Care for the Use of Azathioprine and 6-Mercaptopurine in Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review of the Literature and a Survey of Canadian Gastroenterologists (2001)

Use of azathioprine or 6-MP is low in patients with IBD. A CBC should be performed at weeks 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12, with subsequent testing every eight weeks for the duration of azathioprine or 6-MP treatment. The evidence in support of pancreatic and hepatic monitoring is weak. The risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is likely low.
Hybrid Deep Model for Human Behavior Understanding on Industrial Internet of Video Things (2021)

Human behavior understanding is playing more and more important role in human-centered Industrial Internet of Video Things (IIoVT) system with the deep combination of artificial intelligence and video-based industrial Internet of Things. However, it requires expensively computational resources, including high-performance computing units and large memory, to train a deep computation model with a large number of parameters, which limits its effectiveness and efficiency for IIoVT applications. In this article, a tensor-train mechanism based deep model is presented for video human behavior understanding to meet the requirement of IIoVT applications. It can get competitive performance in accuracy and training efficiency with potentiality for combination of artificial intelligence and prefront IIoVT system. On the one hand, to achieve desirable accuracy, we improved the conventional CNN and adopted the recurrent neural network mechanism to enhance the video representation over time, which takes the correlation between consecutive deep feature into consideration. On the other hand, to enhance the inference capacity between the spatial and temporal features, we carry out the self-critical reinforcement learning mechanism in parameter learning stage. Meanwhile, to further reduce parameter storage size to meet requirement for the deployment of deep neural network and edge device, the tensor-train mechanism is used, which transforms the parameter matrix to a tensor space and carry out tensor decomposition mechanism to decrease the number of parameter generated in parameter training. Finally, we conduct extensive experiments to evaluate our scheme, and the results demonstrate that our method can improve the training efficiency and save the memory space for the deep computation model with better accuracy.
High-Frequency Fields in Solenoidal Coils (1969)

A little-known result of Townsend and Donaldson is extended to show that, for a solenoid carrying ac or rf current, the ratio of the average applied longitudinal field Ez to the induced azimuthal field Eθ at the periphery of the solenoid is equal to the ratio of the circumference of the solenoid to its pitch. For conventional solenoidal coils such as are used to excite electrodeless rf discharges, this ratio is typically ≳15–30. Applicability of the Ez/Eθ ratio to the design of coils and shields is discussed.
New insights into the gut as the driver of critical illness and organ failure (2017)

All components of the gut are adversely impacted by critical illness. Gut injury can not only propagate local damage, but can also cause distant injury and organ failure. Understanding how the multifaceted components of the gut interact and how these are perturbed in critical illness may play an important role in turning off the 'motor' of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in the future.
Sensation and Perception (2023)

Now in its fifth edition, this accessible and comprehensive text highlights the most important theoretical, conceptual and methodological issues in cognitive neuroscience. Written by two experienced researchers who excel at teaching, the consistent narrative ensures that concepts are linked across chapters, and the careful selection of topics enables readers to grasp the big picture without getting distracted by details. Clinical applications such as developmental disorders, brain injuries and dementias are highlighted. In addition, the analogies and examples, opening case studies, and 'In Focus' boxes both engage and demonstrate the relevance of the material to real-world concerns. Revised for even greater clarity, the fifth edition features new and updated artwork, 'Key Questions' to review concepts, and 'Thought Questions' which develop the critical thinking skills needed to evaluate future developments in this fast-moving field. An expanded set of online resources is also available.
A NEW P<sup>k</sup> PHENOTYPE IN THE P BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM (1980)

A healthy 22-year-old woman was noted to have erythrocytes of the Pk phenotype: a strong Pk antigen, no detectable P antigen and anti-P antibody in her serum. Her erythrocytes contained four to six times as much Pk glycolipid (globotriaosylceramide or CTH) and approximately half as much P glycolipid (globotetraosylceramide or globoside) as normal red cells. The structures of CTH and globoside were characterized by analysis of permethylated sugars and complement fixation, in addition to chromatographic mobility and sugar composition. Inasmuch as the erythrocytes of two Pk individuals that were analysed previously (Marcus et al., 1976) contained no detectable globoside, these abnormalities appear to represent a new phenotype in the P blood group system.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbenes and the O‐H Bond: Hydroxyalkyl‐Substituted Arylcarbenes. (1990)

Abstract The carbenes (II), generated by photolysis of the tosylhydrazones (I), react with the alcohols (IV) in the presence of the corresponding alkoxide (III), forming the solvent O‐H‐insertion products (V), together with the cyclic ethers (VI).
Full-Image Guided Filtering for Fast Stereo Matching (2013)

A novel full-image guided filtering method is proposed. Different with many existing neighborhood filters, all input elements are employed during the proposed filtering approach. In addition, a novel scheme called weight propagation is proposed to compute support weights. It fulfills the requirements of edge preserving and low complexity. It is applied to the cost-volume filtering in the local stereo matching framework. The algorithm utilizing the proposed filtering method is currently one of the best local algorithms on the Middlebury stereo testbed in terms of both speed and accuracy.
Brainwash: A data system for feature engineering (2013)

A new generation of data processing systems, including web search, Google’s Knowledge Graph, IBM’s Watson, and several different recommendation systems, combine rich databases with software driven by machine learning. The spectacular successes of these trained systems have been among the most notable in all of computing and have generated excitement in health care, finance, energy, and general business. But building them can be challenging, even for computer scientists with PhD-level training. If these systems are to have a truly broad impact, building them must become easier. We explore one crucial pain point in the construction of trained systems: feature engineering. Given the sheer size of modern datasets, feature developers must (1) write code with few effective clues about how their code will interact with the data and (2) repeatedly endure long system waits even though their code typically changes little from run to run. We propose brainwash, a vision for a feature engineering data system that could dramatically ease the Explore-Extract-Evaluate interaction loop that characterizes many trained system projects. 1.
Aqueous Synthesis of PEGylated Quantum Dots with Increased Colloidal Stability and Reduced Cytotoxicity (2015)

Ligands used on the surface of colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) have a significant impact on physiochemical properties of NPs and their interaction in biological environments. In this study, we report a one-pot aqueous synthesis of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA)-functionalized CdTe/CdS/ZnS quantum dots (Qdots) in the presence of thiol-terminated methoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG) molecules as a surface coordinating ligand. The resulting mPEG-Qdots were characterized by using ζ potential, FTIR, thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, and microscale thermophoresis (MST) studies. We investigated the effect of mPEG molecules and their grafting density on the Qdots photophysical properties, colloidal stability, protein binding affinity, and in vitro cellular toxicity. Moreover, cellular binding features of the resulting Qdots were examined by using three-dimensional (3D) tumor-like spheroids, and the results were discussed in detail. Promisingly, mPEG ligands were found to increase colloidal stability of Qdots, reduce adsorption of proteins to the Qdot surface, and mitigate Qdot-induced side effects to a great extent. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy studies revealed that PEGylated Qdots exhibited distinctive cellular interactions with respect to their mPEG grafting density. As a result, mPEG molecules demonstrated a minimal effect on the ZnS shell deposition and the Qdot fluorescence efficiency at a low mPEG density, whereas they showed pronounced effect on Qdot colloidal stability, protein binding affinity, cytotoxicity, and nonspecific binding at a higher mPEG grafting amount.
High doses of thymosin alpha 1 enhance the anti-tumor efficacy of combination chemo-immunotherapy for murine B16 melanoma. (1998)

High doses of T alpha 1 improve anti-tumour efficacy of tnple chemo-immunotherapy against B16 melanoma. These effects appear to be mediated by stimulation of the host immune response.
Propranolol vs flunarizine vs flunarizine plus propranolol in migraine without aura prophylaxis. a double-blind trial (1997)

Fourty-five migraine without aura patients underwent a parallel double-blind trial aiming the comparison of the effects of propranolol 60 mg/day to flunarizine 10 mg/day and to propranolol 60 mg/day plus flunarizine 10 mg/day simultaneously. There were 3 groups, each one with 15 patients. After a 20-day-baseline period, each group received one kind of treatment during 120 days. Migraine index on propranolol was 23.4*, on flunarizine 18.7* and on both drugs 14.4*, mean frequency of attacks on propranolol was 1.26**, on flunarizine 1.2** and on both drugs 1.13** (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 compared to baseline) and global evaluation was reduced with all forms of treatment. It was not found statistical differences between groups, nevertheless there was a trend in the group using two drugs reaching lower values in migraine index, frequency of attacks and global evaluation. In individuals using flunarizine (alone or associated with propranolol) the therapeutic effect was largely maintained up to 45 days after drug withdrawal.
“Artificial Metabolisms” for the Asymmetric One‐Pot Synthesis of Branched‐Chain Saccharides (1992)

The renewable resources glucose, fructose, and sucrose are rendered useful sources of dihydroxyacetonephosphate (DHAP) for asymmetric aldol additions by multienzymatic reaction cascades in vitro with the rabbit muscle aldoase (FruA). In highly diastereoselective, efficient transformations with aldehydes, a series of unusual alkylated spiroannelated and branched saccharides become accessible (E = enzyme).