gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Repertoire of neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies specific for the V3 domain of HIV-1 gp120 (1993)

HIV infection induces antibodies that mediate neutralization of cell-free virus and may protect against viral infection. Neutralizing human mAb that bind to the third hypervariable domain (V3) of gp120 have been generated from PBL of HIV-seropositive subjects. Twelve such mAb recognize 9 different epitopes spanning an 11 amino acid stretch at the tip of the V3MN loop. The epitopes of an additional two mAb have not been precisely determined but occur within a 15-mer peptide around the tip of the V3 loop. Eleven of 13 mAb are reactive with at least one other V3 peptide besides MN, indicating that cross-reactivity is a common phenomenon amongst anti-V3 antibodies. All the mAb achieved 50% neutralization of HIVMN at antibody concentrations of 12 to 4700 ng/ml. Two mAb, which recognized epitopes at the top of the V3 loop, GPGR and GRAF, neutralized strains as divergent as MN and IIIB. The affinities of all mAb tested were shown to be substantially higher for the rgp120 than for a 23-mer peptide from the V3 loop of the homologous strain. A significant inverse correlation was demonstrated between affinities and the 50% neutralizing doses for HIVMN.
A Complexity Reduction Method for Successive Cancellation List Decoding (2019)

This brief introduces a hardware complexity reduction method for successive cancellation list (SCL) decoders. Specifically, we propose to use a sorting scheme so that L paths with smallest path metrics are also sorted according to their path indexes for path pruning. We prove that such sorting scheme reduces the input number of multiplexers in any hardware implementation of SCL decoding from L to (L/2 + 1) without any changes in the decoding latency. Field programmable gate array (FPGA) implementations show that the proposed method achieves significant gain in hardware consumptions, especially for large list sizes and block lengths.
Aromatase Inhibition Reduces Gonadotropin Dose Required for Controlled Ovarian Stimulation in Women With Unexplained Infertility (2003)

Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey: January 2004 - Volume 59 - Issue 1 - p 42-43 doi: 10.1097/01.OGX.0000102582.47985.5E
Controlling Cyclic Combustion Variations in Lean-Fueled Spark-Ignition Engines (2001)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper describes the reduction of cyclic combustion variations in spark-ignited engines, especially under idle conditions in which the air-fuel mixture is lean of stoichiometry. Under such conditions, the combination of residual cylinder gas and parametric variations (such as variations in fuel preparation) gives rise to significant combustion instabilities that may lead to customer-perceived engine roughness and transient emissions spikes. Such combustion instabilities may preclude operation at air-fuel ratios that would otherwise be advantageous for fuel economy and emissions. This approach exploits the recognition that a component of the observed combustion instability results from a noise-driven, nonlinear deterministic mechanism that can be actively stabilized by small feedback control actions which result in little if any additional use of fuel. Application of this approach on a test vehicle using crankshaft acceleration as a measure of torque and fuel pulse width modification as a control shows as much as 30% reduction in rms variation near the lean limit.</div>
Fiber-optic temperature sensor based on internally generated thermal radiation (1981)

This paper presents a theoretical and experimental study of a method of sensing temperature with optical fibers with the radiation thermally generated within the fiber. Using quartz fibers it is possible to read temperatures in the range from room temperature to over 1000 degrees C. We have demonstrated operation as low as 135 degrees C using nonoptimum fibers and detectors. The method also allows the determination of the location and length of a hot spot along the fiber. The purpose of this type of sensor is to monitor the development of hot spots in electrical machinery, such as generators and transformers, where conventional measurement techniques cannot be effectively applied. If such optical fibers can be incorporated in the manufacturing process of electrical equipment, these temperature monitors may contribute in avoiding catastrophic breakdown.
34.2: <i>Invited Paper</i> : Development of 1m × 2m Plasma Tube Array PTA Technologies Ready for Ultra‐Large Film Display (2008)

Abstract The plasma tubes array is expected to realize the next generation of wall size display because of its wonderful characteristics such as ultra‐thin, light‐weight, flexible and low power consumption. We had successfully developed a prototype film display of 1m × 2m screen size which was consisted of 4 sub‐modules of 0.5m × 1m with the seam width under 1mm. The weight, thickness and power consumption of the film display were measured at 2.5kg, 1mm and 400W respectively.
A 300-kV field-emission Transmission Electron Microscope (1992)

For the ultimate resolution of 0.1 nm, we have developed a 300 kV field-emission TEM (FE-TEM). Atomic resolution requires conventional TEM to have an accelerating voltage to 1MV or higher, if a thermionic electron gun is used. On the other hand, an FE-TEM allows atomic resolution at a medium accelerating voltage. A 200 kV FE-TEM with a (310)-oriented cold W field emitter has already been developed and commercially released as the Hitachi HF-2000. Its information limit is 0.155 nm. To improve the resolution of an FE-TEM, we increased the accelerating energy E from 200 keV to 300 keV to reduce the electron wavelength and the energy fraction ΔE/E. A ten-stage accelerator tube was designed to maintain stable operation at 300 kV. The external view of the accelerator tube is shown in Figure 1. It is shielded by three layers of electrodes made of permalloy to lessen the influence of the stray magnetic field.
Efficient Enzymatic Synthesis of Disaccharide, .ALPHA.-D-Galactosyl .ALPHA.-D-Glucoside, by Trehalose Phosphorylase from Thermoanaerobacter brockii. (2001)

A non-reducing disaccharide was synthesized by trehalose phosphorylase from a thermophilic anaerobe, Thermoanaerobacter brockii, using trehalose as a glucosyl donor and D-galactose as an acceptor.This disaccharide was efficiently isolated from the reaction mixture by glucose eliminationusing baker's yeast, trehalase digestion, alkaline treatment and preparative HPLC. The chemicalstructure of the disaccharide was determined to be α-D-galactopyranosyl α-D-glucopyranoside byacid hydrolysis, methylation analysis, and by 13C-NMR spectrometry. This saccharide was onlyminimally hydrolyzed by α-galactosidase, but not hydrolyzed by α- or β-glucosidase, β-galactosidase and trehalase.
Rainbow particle imaging velocimetry for dense 3D fluid velocity imaging (2017)

Despite significant recent progress, dense, time-resolved imaging of complex, non-stationary 3D flow velocities remains an elusive goal. In this work we tackle this problem by extending an established 2D method, Particle Imaging Velocimetry, to three dimensions by encoding depth into color. The encoding is achieved by illuminating the flow volume with a continuum of light planes (a "rainbow"), such that each depth corresponds to a specific wavelength of light. A diffractive component in the camera optics ensures that all planes are in focus simultaneously. With this setup, a single color camera is sufficient for tracking 3D trajectories of particles by combining 2D spatial and 1D color information. For reconstruction, we derive an image formation model for recovering stationary 3D particle positions. 3D velocity estimation is achieved with a variant of 3D optical flow that accounts for both physical constraints as well as the rainbow image formation model. We evaluate our method with both simulations and an experimental prototype setup.
Providing Congestion Control in the Iub Transport Network for HSDPA (2007)

The introduction of High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) presents new challenges to be solved in the UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network. Bandwidth reservation for HSDPA is not efficient and TCP cannot efficiently resolve a congestion situation because lower layer retransmissions hide the congestion situations from TCP. An HSDPA Flow Control algorithm was introduced by 3GPP to control congestion. This HSDPA Flow Control algorithm was originally intended to control radio scheduler queues in Node B. In this paper we propose an algorithm that also provides congestion control in the transport network. The performance analysis concentrates on transport network limited scenarios and shows that the algorithm can achieve high end-user perceived throughput, while maintaining low delay and loss in the transport network. The analysis also shows the advantages of the newly introduced congestion detection functionality.
SNAP: Efficient Snapshots for Back-in-Time Execution (2005)

SNAP is a novel high-performance snapshot system for object storage systems. The goal is to provide a snapshot service that is efficient enough to permit "back-in-time" read-only activities to run against application-specified snapshots. Such activities are often impossible to run against rapidly evolving current state because of interference or because the required activity is determined in retrospect. A key innovation in SNAP is that it provides snapshots that are transactionally consistent, yet non-disruptive. Unlike earlier systems, we use novel in-memory data structures to ensure that frequent snapshots do not block applications from accessing the storage system, and do not cause unnecessary disk operations. SNAP takes a novel approach to dealing with snapshot meta-data using a new technique that supports both incremental meta-data creation and efficient meta-data reconstruction. We have implemented a SNAP prototype and analyzed its performance. Preliminary results show that providing snapshots for back-in-time activities has low impact on system performance even when snapshots are frequent.
Non-linear acoustic echo cancellation using cascaded Kalman filtering (2014)

This paper presents a new paradigm of solving the non-linear acoustic echo cancellation problem. The non-linear echo path is modeled by a memoryless non-linearity followed by a linear FIR filter. The problem is cast into a state-space framework and solved using a cascade of Kalman filters in time domain, one filter adapting to the linear echo path and the other filter adapting to the memoryless non-linearity. It is shown that the proposed method outperforms the existing NLMS-based method in filter convergence and misalignment while enjoying an additional benefit of unsupervised and variable step-size control. Interesting connections will be made between the proposed method and the widely-known NLMS-based echo canceler. Practical recommendations are provided on implementing the proposed method efficiently on a general-purpose processor. Finally, simulation results are presented that exhibit its performance advantages.
View-based human activity recognition by indexing and sequencing (2005)

A novel method for view-based recognition of human activity is presented. The basic idea of our method is that activities can be positively identified from a sparsely sampled sequence of few body poses acquired from videos. In our approach, an activity is represented by a set of pose and velocity vectors for the major body parts (hands, legs and torso) and stored in a set of multidimensional hash tables. We show that robust recognition of a sequence of body pose vectors can be achieved by a method of indexing and sequencing and it requires only few vectors (i.e. sampled body poses in video frames). We find that the probability of false alarm drops exponentially with the increased number of sampled body poses. We also achieve speed invariant recognition by eliminating the time factor and replacing it with sequence information. Experiments performed with videos having 8 different activities show robust recognition even for different viewing directions.
Testing Instrument for Flight-Simulator Displays (1987)

Displays for flight-training simulators rapidly aligned with aid of integrated optical instrument. Calibrations and tests such as aligning boresight of display with respect to user's eyes, checking and adjusting display horizon, checking image sharpness, measuring illuminance of displayed scenes, and measuring distance of optical focus of scene performed with single unit. New instrument combines all measurement devices in single, compact, integrated unit. Requires just one initial setup. Employs laser and produces narrow, collimated beam for greater measurement accuracy. Uses only one moving part, double right prism, to position laser beam.
Transvenous defibrillation in humans via the coronary sinus. (1990)

A consistently effective transvenous defibrillation system for use in automatic defibrillators could significantly alter the approach to patients at risk of sudden death. Transvenous defibrillation systems that use a right ventricular (RV) electrode only or an RV electrode in combination with a chest patch are relatively inefficient at applying current to the posterolateral left ventricle. An RV electrode combined with a coronary sinus (CS) electrode, however, may improve current distribution to the posterolateral left ventricle. The purpose of this investigation, therefore, was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a specially designed transvenous lead system with a CS electrode capable of current delivery to this relatively inaccessible region of the heart. In 20 survivors of cardiac arrest, we determined defibrillation efficacy immediately before defibrillator surgery for monophasic pulses delivered between an RV catheter electrode and a CS catheter electrode system and compared these findings with an RV catheter electrode-thoracic patch defibrillation system. Subsequently, we referenced the efficacy of both transvenous systems to an epicardial patch electrode system at the time of defibrillator implantation. The mean delivered-energy defibrillation threshold for the CS-RV electrode system was 17.5 +/- 7.9 J, which was substantially lower than the RV electrode-thoracic patch system (25.6 +/- 11.4 J, p = 0.0016 [46% more]). Defibrillation threshold voltage was 529 +/- 123 V for the CS-RV electrode system and 647 +/- 164 V (22% more) for the RV electrode-thoracic patch system (p = 0.0013).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Mode Control of Widely-Tunable SG-DBR Lasers (2002)

A novel module/firmware implementation of mode control for widely-tunable sampled-grating distributed Bragg reflector lasers, which uses the local gain voltage control surface to ensure operation at mode center, exhibits excellent stability and robustness across all channels spanning the C band.
SPLAT: a unified SIP services platform for VoIP applications (2006)

Abstract The steady improvements in the networking infrastructure and ever increasing broadband penetration has fueled the resurgence of voice‐over‐IP (VoIP). One of the important contributors to this growth has also been the development and wide acceptance of the session initiation protocol (SIP). However, the current usage of SIP requires a per‐application deployment (each application using its own SIP stack). In addition to shared port number problems, this leads to a narrow development of SIP based services, even though SIP, as a protocol, offers incredible opportunities for enabling various applications simultaneously. In this paper, we propose SPLAT—a unified SIP platform, consisting of a client‐side SIP service and supporting network infrastructure blocks, that provide unified mechanisms to execute generic SIP functions through an exported higher level API. Applications can leverage the API and ready‐made building blocks for creating richer interfaces without significant and often repeated development effort, e.g. a conferencing server coupled with a gaming server can provide context‐aware audio conferencing between occupants of a particular game room. Importantly, the SPLAT framework is available to all applications including the ones not inherently based on SIP and thus presents a great opportunity for enhancing such applications. The SIP service API is designed to be extensible and provides novel higher level functional primitives like ad hoc conferencing and seamless transition of sessions. In addition, it also exports a low level interface for specialized applications that need direct access to SIP call flows. Another feature of the service is that it allows a user to plug‐in an end device (softphone, IP phone, PSTN phone) of his/her choice on a per‐session basis. We demonstrate the richness of the API by describing prototypes for enhancing various applications as well as new converged applications. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multiple Sound Source Location Estimation in Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks using DOA estimates: The Data-Association Problem (2017)

In this paper, we consider the data-association problem for the localization of multiple sound sources in a wireless acoustic sensor network, where each node is a microphone array, using direction of arrival (DOA) estimates. The data-association problem arises because the central node that receives the multiple DOA estimates from the nodes cannot know to which source they belong. Hence, the DOAs from the different nodes that correspond to the same source must be found in order to perform accurate localization. We present a method to identify the correct association of DOAs to the sources and thus accurately estimate their locations. Our method results in high association and localization accuracy in realistic scenarios with missed detections, reverberation, noise, and moving sources and outperforms other recently proposed methods. It also incorporates a bitrate reduction scheme in order to keep the amount of information that needs to be transmitted in the network at low levels without affecting performance.
The dual-frequency method for ultrasonic assessment of skeletal system (2009)

The article is a review of the new dual-frequency method in axial bone quantitative ultrasonometry for assessment of changes in cortical bones in osteoporosis. The method is based on the use of two frequencies for the generation of flexural and longitudinal ultrasonic waves, which opens possibilities for differential diagnostics of changes in various components of the state of the skeletal system, such as cortical layer thickness, porosity, and elastic properties of tissue. The axial scanning and composition of two-dimensional acoustic profiles of bones are carried out with the purpose of using topographic variations in the acoustic properties for diagnostics of the state of a bone. Results of laboratory and clinical tests of Bone UltraSonic Scanner (BUSS) developed in Artann Laboratories on the basis of the stated principles are presented. The sensitivity of measured characteristics to progression of osteoporosis and the detectability of early changes in bones related to this disease are shown.
Magnetic Self-Assembly of Millimeter-Scale Components With Angular Orientation (2010)

The focus of this paper is the demonstration and evaluation of a multifunctional self-assembly process driven by the intermagnetic forces between permanent (hard) magnets on 1 mm × 1 mm × 0.5 mm Si parts. Composite bonded-powder micromagnets are embedded in silicon components using back-end low-temperature wafer-level microfabrication techniques. Part-to-part assembly is demonstrated by batch assembly of free-floating parts in a liquid environment with the assembly yield of different magnetic patterns varying from 88% to 90% in 20 s. Part-to-substrate assembly is demonstrated by assembling an ordered array onto a fixed substrate in a dry environment with assembly yield up to 99% in just 20 s. In both cases, diverse magnetic shapes/patterns are used to control the alignment and angular orientation of the components. Experimental analysis of many different magnetic patterns shows that patterns with more planes of rotational symmetry result in faster assembly speeds.
Femtosecond induced fiber mode filter (2012)

We demonstrate a mode filter by inducing a short distance refractive index increase around the fiber core. The guidance of the fiber is modified and higher order modes can be suppressed.
A Tandem Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer: Combination of a Multi-Turn Time-of-Flight and a Quadratic Field Mirror (2005)

A tandem time-of-flight (ToF) mass spectrometer consisting of a multi-turn time-of-flight (ToF) and a quadratic-field ion mirror has been designed and constructed. The instrument combines the unique capabilities of both ToF instruments, namely high-resolution and monoisotopic precursor ion selection from the multi-turn ToF and temporal focus for fragment ions with different kinetic energies from the quadratic-field mirror. The first tandem mass spectra for this unique combination of ToF systems are presented.
Learning Exemplar-Based Categorization for the Detection of Multi-View Multi-Pose Objects (2006)

This paper proposes a novel approach for multi-view multi-pose object detection using discriminative shapebased exemplars. The key idea underlying this method is motivated by numerous previous observations that manually clustering multi-view multi-pose training data into different categories and then combining the separately trained two-class classifiers greatly improved the detection performance. A novel computational framework is proposed to unify different processes of categorization, training individual classifier for each intra-class category, and training a strong classifier combining the individual classifiers. The individual processes employ a single objective function that is optimized using two nested AdaBoost loops. The outer AdaBoost loop is used to select discriminative exemplars and the inner AdaBoost is used to select discriminative features on the selected exemplars. The proposed approach replaces the manual time-consuming process of exemplar selection as well as addresses the problem of labeling ambiguity inherent in this process. Also, our approach fully complies with the standard AdaBoost-based object detection framework in terms of real-time implementation. Experiments on multi-view multi-pose people and vehicle data demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach.
Snapshot technique using snapshot status table for shared storage supporting large capacity (2004)

Traditional snapshot technique has some limits that adapted to a large capacity storage shared by multi-hosts in the following aspects. As volume size grows, it deteriorates crucially the performance of write operations and snapshot destruction due to the additional disk access to examine the need of COW. We introduce Snapshot Status Table of which entry is composed of First Allocation Bit (FAB) and Snapshot Status Bit (SSB) placed on memory. It improves performance of write operation and snapshot destruction reducing disk access to mapping block to know the execution of COW while snapshot is taken. Also it does not block the write operation occurred during snapshot creation.
Towards Coherent and Engaging Spoken Dialog Response Generation Using Automatic Conversation Evaluators (2019)

Sanghyun Yi, Rahul Goel, Chandra Khatri, Alessandra Cervone, Tagyoung Chung, Behnam Hedayatnia, Anu Venkatesh, Raefer Gabriel, Dilek Hakkani-Tur. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Natural Language Generation. 2019.