gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Variable DC Link Voltage in On-board Battery Chargers for Electric Vehicle Charging Application (2018)

The two-stage on-board battery chargers in electric vehicles consists of conventional boost power factor correction (PFC) stage and an isolated DC-DC converter stage. Conventionally, the DC link voltage at output of PFC converter in the on-board chargers is maintained at 400 V which limits the charger output voltage in a range of 36-48 V, 72-150 V and 200-450V based on selection of DC-DC converter. The proposed variable DC link voltage at output of PFC converter enables wide output voltage range of charger with same DC-DC converter. The conventional boost PFC converters has the limitation that the required output voltage to be always greater than the peak of the input voltage. This paper presents a non-inverting two-switch buck-boost power factor correction (PFC) converter for use in on-board battery chargers to provide a wide DC link voltage. The operating modes of the converter in output voltage less than the peak of the input voltage and greater than peak of input voltage are explained in detail. The topology also maintains high power quality in both the modes. A 1kW PFC converter with universal input voltage 85-265 V(rms) is simulated in PSIM (11.0) and the preliminary experimental results is also been presented in the paper.
Magnetic resonance axonography of the rat spinal cord (1994)

In spite of dramatic advancement in biomedical imaging technologies, non-invasive visualization of anatomic detail of the spinal cord has remained a major challenge. Here, a novel color-coded contrast method for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which provides superb resolution of the spinal cord in live animals, comparable to that of histological preparations, is described. The method, referred to here as three dimensional anisotropy (3DAC) contrast MRI, displays cross-sectional images in the full visible color spectrum, encoding directional information regarding intravoxel anisotropic water motion in space. Since neuronal fibers, especially axons, possess significantly higher intravoxel anisotropic water motion compared with other elements in the nervous system, 3DAC is highly sensitive to axonal direction and density. Axonography of the spinal cord of rats obtained using this technique showed anatomic detail at a resolution hitherto unobtainable in live animals.
3‐(5‐Chloro‐2,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)‐pyrazole‐4‐carboxamides as Inhibitors of the Hsp90 Molecular Chaperone. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Dense chitosan surgical membranes produced by a coincident compression-dehydration process (2012)

High density chitosan membranes were produced via a novel manufacturing process and used as implantable resorbable surgical membranes. The innovative method utilizes the following three sequential steps: (1) casting an acidic chitosan solution within a silicon mold, followed by freezing; (2) neutralizing the frozen acidic chitosan solution in alkaline solution to facilitate polymerization; and (3) applying coincident compression-dehydration under a vacuum. Resulting membranes of 0.2-0.5 mm thickness have densities as high as 1.6 g/cm(3). Inclusion of glycerol prior to the compression-dehydration step provides additional physical and clinical handling benefits. The biomaterials exhibit tensile strength with a maximum load as high as 10.9 N at ~2.5 mm width and clinically relevant resistance to suture pull-out with a maximum load as high as 2.2 N. These physical properties were superior to those of a commercial reconstituted collagen membrane. The dense chitosan membranes have excellent clinical handling characteristics, such as pliability and 'memory' when wet. They are semipermeable to small molecules, biodegradable in vitro in lysozyme solution, and the rates of degradation are inversely correlated to the degree of deacetylation. Furthermore, the dense chitosan membranes are biocompatible and resorbable in vivo as demonstrated in a rat oral wound healing model. The unique combination of physical, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical handling properties demonstrate the high utility of dense chitosan membranes produced by this new method. The materials may be useful as surgical barrier membranes, scaffolds for tissue engineering, wound dressings, and as delivery devices for active ingredients.
Weak signal detection by small-perturbation control of chaotic orbits (2002)

We have developed a method of detecting extremely weak signals using fundamental principles of chaotic dynamics. We calculate the time-dependent coupling of the disturbance signal to the stable and unstable manifolds of the system and derive a relationship between the disturbance and the error on the Poincare surface of section, thus relating the disturbance signal to the perturbations needed to control a periodic orbit. We demonstrate the algorithm in a computer model of a chaotic system and discuss its implementation in high-frequency devices.
Novel fatty acyl apoE mimetic peptides have increased potency to reduce plasma cholesterol in mice and macaques (2018)

Ac-hE18A-NH<sub>2</sub> is a dual-domain apoE mimetic peptide that possesses the putative receptor binding domain from apoE (LRKLRKRLLR, denoted hE; residues 141-150) covalently attached to lipid-associating peptide 18A. Like apoE, Ac-hE18A-NH<sub>2</sub> reduces plasma cholesterol in animal models and exhibits anti-inflammatory properties independent of its cholesterol-reducing effect. Ac-hE18A-NH<sub>2</sub> has already undergone phase I clinical trials as a lipid-lowering agent. To explore the therapeutic potential more, we designed and synthesized new analogues by linking ɑ-aminohexanoic acid, octanoic acid, or myristic acid to LRRLRRRLLR-18A-NH<sub>2</sub> ([R]hE18A-NH<sub>2</sub>) and examined the cholesterol-lowering potency in animals. The modified peptides effectively reduced plasma cholesterol in apoE-null mice fed standard chow or a Western diet; the myristyl analogue was the most effective. A single administration of the myristyl analogue reduced plasma total and LDL cholesterol in a dose-dependent manner in hypercholesterolemic cynomolgus macaques for up to 1 week despite the continuation of a cholesterol-supplemented diet. The myristyl peptide (7.4 mg/kg) reduced total and LDL cholesterol at 24 h by 64% and 74%, respectively; plasma HDL levels were modestly reduced and returned to baseline by day 7. These new analogues should exhibit enhanced potency at lower doses than Ac-hE18A-NH<sub>2</sub>, which may make them attractive therapeutic candidates for clinical trials.
Computing Modular Polynomials (2004)

We present a new probabilistic algorithm to compute modular polynomials modulo a prime. Modular polynomials parameterize pairs of isogenous elliptic curves and are useful in many aspects of computational number theory and cryptography. Our algorithm has the distinguishing feature that it does not involve the computation of Fourier coefficients of modular forms. We avoid computing the exponentially large integral coefficients by working directly modulo a prime and computing isogenies between elliptic curves via Velu's formulas.
Production of Trehalose from Starch by Maltose Phosphorylase and Trehalose Phosphorylase from a Strain of <i>Plesiomonas</i> (1997)

Abstract The cooperative concomitant action of maltose phosphorylase (MP), trehalose phosphorylase (TP), β‐amylase and a starch debranching enzyme (pullulanase, isoamylase) was investigated to develop a more efficient method for preparing trehalose from starch. About 40 and 51—56% as solid basis of 25% (w/v) liquefied potato starch were converted to trehalose by the combination of soybean β‐amylase and the crude enzyme preparation (MTA) containing MP, TP and a saccharogenic amylase from a strain (SH‐35) of Plesiomonas in the absence and presence of a starch debranching enzyme, respectively. A stable maltose syrup (70%, w/w) containing about 30% trehalose in the dry solid was prepared from starch directly, and about 36% as dry basis of the mother liquor (70%, w/w) containing about 56% trehalose was obtained as crystals of this non‐reducing disaccharide by conventional crystallization. Trehalose in the by‐product obtained after removing crystals increased up to almost that of the mother liquor by reacting with MTA again. By the method reported here, trehalose was produced from starch on an industrial scale without any remaining by‐products.
Reduction of Noise Effects for In Situ Balancing of Rotors (2005)

Precision balancing any given rotor for smooth running at one or more fixed speeds requires that unbalance-originated deflections and/or forces be measured. When the rotor is balanced in situ, the standard procedure is to conduct trial runs to obtain all of the requisite information. These include at least one run with the rotor in its uncorrected state and then, for each balancing plane on the rotor, at least one run with a trial balance mass fitted to that plane. Synchronous components of deflection and/or force may be measured at numerous transducers on the machine. If the machine has B short bearings, then at any one rotor speed, the dimension of the space spanned by all of the complex vectors of synchronous stator response from the trial runs should be (at most) B. In practice, the dimension of that space is very often larger. This paper firstly demonstrates how minimal adjustments can be applied to the (complex) measured synchronous stator vibration vectors to force those vectors into a space of dimension B. Standard least-square methods can then be applied to discover a suitable set of unbalance corrections. The paper shows that in virtually all cases where the noise is high, applying this procedure of projecting the data from a given rotational speed into a space of appropriate dimension before computing the least-squares calculation is beneficial. Reductions in the balancing cost function (the scalar quantity minimized by the least squares calculation) by factors of 2 to 4 are typically obtained for realistic levels of measurement noise. At very low levels of noise, the procedure is neither beneficial nor harmful. There is a strong argument that it should always be applied.
Eculizumab Is Safe and Effective as a Long‐term Treatment for Protein‐losing Enteropathy Due to CD55 Deficiency (2018)

CD55-deficiency patients present with early-onset diarrhea, edema, severe hypoalbuminemia, abdominal pain, and malnutrition. Targeted therapy with the terminal complement inhibitor eculizumab has positive clinical and laboratory outcomes in PLE related to CD55 loss-of-function mutations, previously a life-threatening condition. Our results demonstrate the potential of genetic diagnosis to guide tailored treatment, and underscore the significant role of the complement system in the intestine.
Implementation of NICHD diagnostic criteria for feature extraction and classification of fetal heart rate signals (2011)

We present a description of a computerized approach to interpretation of fetal heart rate (FHR) patterns that uses the 2008 Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring Guidelines published by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The study addresses accurate feature extraction that gives programmatic meaning to heretofore visually adjudged morphological changes in FHR that may be indicative of compromised fetal status. We develop methods for estimation of baseline heart rate, detection of morphological changes such as decelerations, and a novel method for assessing FHR variability. A strong motivation for this effort was to imitate physician judgement by following the standardized guidelines as closely as possible. We demonstrate the accuracy of this expert system on a database of 30 traces that had been originally labeled by two independent physicians.
Multidimensional indexing for recognizing visual shapes (1994)

This paper introduces an analytical framework for studying some properties of model acquisition and recognition techniques based on indexing. The goal is to demonstrate that several problems previously associated with the approach can be attributed to the low dimensionality of invariants used. These include limited index selectivity. Excessive accumulation of votes in the look-up table buckets, and excessive sensitivity to quantization parameters. Theoretical results demonstrate that using high-dimensional, highly descriptive global invariants produces better results in terms of accuracy, false positive suppression, and computation time. A practical example of high-dimensional global invariants is introduced and used to implement a 2-D shape acquisition/recognition system. The acquisition/recognition system is based on a two-step table look-up mechanism. First, local curve descriptors are obtained by correlating image contour information at short range. Then, seven-dimensional global invariants are computed by correlating triplets of local curve descriptors at longer range. This experimental system is meant to illustrate the behavior of a high-dimensional indexing scheme. Indeed, its performance shows good agreement with the analytical model with respect to database size, fault tolerance, and recognition speed. Model acquisition time is linear to cubic in the number of object features. Object recognition time is constant to linear in the number of models in the database and linear to cubic in the number of features in the image. The system has been tested extensively. With more than 250 arbitrary shapes in the database. Unsupervised shape and subpart acquisition is demonstrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Slow-Dissociation and Slow-Recombination Assumptions in Nonequilibrium Capillary Electrophoresis of Equilibrium Mixtures (2011)

Nonequilibrium capillary electrophoresis of equilibrium mixtures (NECEEM) is a kinetic affinity method with both analytical and preparative applications. NECEEM requires that the dissociation of the complexes be negligible in its first phase and the recombination of the dissociated complexes be negligible in its second phase. Here, we introduce a method, which facilitates easy examination of whether or not these requirements are satisfied. We derived expressions for two parameters, termed the slow-dissociation parameter (SDP) and slow-recombination parameter (SRP), which can be used to assess the assumptions. Both parameters should be much less than 1 for the assumptions to be satisfied. We calculated the two parameters for new and previously published NECEEM experiments and found that the assumptions were satisfied in all of them. Finally, we discuss changes to NECEEM conditions that should be done if the assumptions are found not to be satisfied. The SDP/SRP assessment helps to easily validate the results of NECEEM-based analyses and thus makes the NECEEM method more robust.
Temporally Distributed Networks for Fast Video Segmentation (2020)

We present TDNet, a temporally distributed network designed for fast and accurate video semantic segmentation. We observe that features extracted from a certain high-level layer of a deep CNN can be approximated by composing features extracted from several shallower sub-networks. Leveraging the inherent temporal continuity in videos, we distribute these sub-networks over sequential frames. Therefore, at each time step, we only need to perform a lightweight computation to extract a sub-features group from a single sub-network. The full features used for segmentation are then recomposed by application of a novel attention propagation module that compensates for geometry deformation between frames. A grouped knowledge distillation loss is also introduced to further improve the representation power at both full and sub-feature levels. Experiments on Cityscapes, CamVid, and NYUD-v2 demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art accuracy with significantly faster speed and lower latency.
Predictors of Response to Autologous Dendritic Cell Therapy in Glioblastoma Multiforme (2018)

For patients receiving DC vaccine adjuvant therapy, better outcomes are predicted in patients with younger age, with TILs or PBMCs with lower PD-1<sup>+</sup>/CD8<sup>+</sup> ratio, with gross tumor resection, and receiving CCRT.
Sensing using differential surface plasmon ellipsometry (2004)

In this work a differential ellipsometric method utilizing surface plasmons (SPs) for monitoring refractive index changes, which could be used in chemical and biological sensors, is presented. The method is based upon determining the azimuth of elliptically polarized light reflected from a Kretschmann SP system, resulting from linearly polarized light containing both p and s components incident upon it. The sensitivity of this azimuth to the refractive index of a dielectric on the nonprism side of the metal film is demonstrated both experimentally and theoretically. The smallest refractive index change which is resolvable is of the order of 10−7 refractive index units, although it is believed that this could be improved upon were it not for experimental constraints due to atmospheric changes and vibrations. The method requires the Kretschmann configuration to be oriented at a fixed angle, and the SP to be excited at a fixed wavelength. With no moving parts this method would be particularly robust from an application point of view.
A quantitative, high-throughput screen for protein stability (2000)

In proteomic research, it is often necessary to screen a large number of polypeptides for the presence of stable structure. Described here is a technique (referred to as SUPREX, stability of unpurified proteins from rates of H/D exchange) for measuring the stability of proteins in a rapid, high-throughput fashion. The method uses hydrogen exchange to estimate the stability of microgram quantities of unpurified protein extracts by using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization MS. The stabilities of maltose binding protein and monomeric lambda repressor variants determined by SUPREX agree well with stability data obtained from conventional CD denaturation of purified protein. The method also can detect the change in stability caused by the binding of maltose to maltose binding protein. The results demonstrate the precision of the method over a wide range of stabilities.
The strength of social strength (2014)

A family relation is generally considered to be stronger than a relation between coworkers in our society, but the strength of the relation is intrinsic and have been cumbersome to measure. The fact that we increasingly communicate electronically, such as through email, mobile phone calls or social media, has made it possible to automatically measure and analyze the relation between persons. This paper presents an evaluation study of social strength, where the social strength is defined as a metric that represents the tie strength of the relation between persons, calculated based on the frequency, duration, context and media type of the electronic communication between the persons.
Photocurrents in Weyl semimetals (2016)

The generation of photocurrent in an ideal two-dimensional Dirac spectrum is symmetry-forbidden. In sharp contrast, we show that three-dimensional Weyl semimetals can generically support significant photocurrent generations due to the combination of inversion symmetry breaking and finite tilts of the Weyl spectra. Symmetry properties, chirality relations and various dependences on the system and light sources are explored in details. Our results suggest that noncentrosymmetric Weyl materials can be advantageously applied to room temperature detections of mid- and far-infrared radiations.
A new class of orthosteric uPAR·uPA small-molecule antagonists are allosteric inhibitors of the uPAR·vitronectin interaction (2015)

The urokinase receptor (uPAR) is a GPI-anchored cell surface receptor that is at the center of an intricate network of protein–protein interactions. Its immediate binding partners are the serine proteinase urokinase (uPA), and vitronectin (VTN), a component of the extracellular matrix. uPA and VTN bind at distinct sites on uPAR to promote extracellular matrix degradation and integrin signaling, respectively. Here, we report the discovery of a new class of pyrrolone small-molecule inhibitors of the tight ∼1 nM uPAR·uPA protein–protein interaction. These compounds were designed to bind to the uPA pocket on uPAR. The highest affinity compound, namely 7, displaced a fluorescently labeled α-helical peptide (AE147-FAM) with an inhibition constant Ki of 0.7 μM and inhibited the tight uPAR·uPAATF interaction with an IC50 of 18 μM. Biophysical studies with surface plasmon resonance showed that VTN binding is highly dependent on uPA. This cooperative binding was confirmed as 7, which binds at the uPAR·uPA interface...
Antibodies to varicella-zoster virus modulate antigen distribution but fail to induce viral persistence in vitro (1992)

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) persists in human sensory ganglia. One of the hypotheses to explain the induction or the maintenance of VZV latency is that it could be promoted by the immune response itself. It is known that in the case of viruses which bud off the infected cell membrane, virus-specific antibodies can induce antigenic modulation, i.e., spatial redistribution of viral antigens and modulation of their synthesis. To determine whether antigenic modulation occurs during VZV infection in vitro and could possibly be involved in viral persistence, we have grown infected cells in the presence of anti-VZV antibodies either transiently or permanently. The distribution of immune complexes and viral proteins was then analyzed. In transient immunomodulation experiments, the distribution of one or more viral antigens was modified not only in the cytoplasmic membranes but also in the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm of infected cells. When infected cells were kept permanently in the presence of antibodies, the same pattern of redistribution of immune complexes was observed and the localization of internal viral glycoproteins was significantly modified. However, antibodies did not prevent the lytic effect of infection; they altered neither the infectious virus yield nor the Western immunoblot pattern of viral proteins, suggesting that immunomodulation is not the primary effector of viral persistence.
Adjusting the Risk for Trisomy 21 by a Simple Ultrasound Method Using Fetal Long-Bone Biometry (1996)

Second-trimester fetal long-bone biometry is useful in detecting trisomy 21 and may be used to adjust the a priori risk of both high- and low-risk women for trisomy 21 and, therefore, the need for genetic amniocentesis.
HYDROXYMETHYLATED RESORCINOL COUPLING AGENT FOR ENHANCED DURABILITY OF (1995)

Epoxy adhesives can develop bonds to wood that are as strong as the wood itself, but only if the bonds remain dry. Once exposed to repeated water soaking and severe stresses from drying, epoxy bonds delaminate and fail to meet requirements for structural wood adhesives intended for exterior exposure. A new hydroxymethylated resorcinol (HMR) coupling agent, applied to lumber surfaces before bonding, chemically couples both epoxy adhesive and lignocellulosics of wood to produce bonds to Sitka spruce that are extraordinarily resistant to delamination. In this report, we explain and demonstrate the nature of this coupling agent and the mechanism by which it enhances the durability of bonds of a bisphenol-A epoxy adhesive to wood. When diluted with benzyl alcohol, an epoxy adhesive developed structural bonds in H M R-primed lumber laminates that met the 5% maximum delamination requirement of ASTM Specification D 2559. The USDA Forest Service has applied for a patent for this invention.