gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Receptor Binding Sites and Antigenic Epitopes on the Fiber Knob of Human Adenovirus Serotype 3 (1998)

The adenovirus fiber knob causes the first step in the interaction of adenovirus with cell membrane receptors. To obtain information on the receptor binding site(s), the interaction of labeled cell membrane proteins to synthetic peptides covering the adenovirus type 3 (Ad3) fiber knob was studied. Peptide P6 (amino acids [aa] 187 to 200), to a lesser extent P14 (aa 281 to 294), and probably P11 (aa 244 to 256) interacted specifically with cell membrane proteins, indicating that these peptides present cell receptor binding sites. Peptides P6, P11, and P14 span the D, G, and I beta-strands of the R-sheet, respectively. The other reactive peptides, P2 (aa 142 to 156), P3 (aa 153 to 167), and P16 (aa 300 to 319), probably do not present real receptor binding sites. The binding to these six peptides was inhibited by Ad3 virion and was independent of divalent cations. We have also screened the antigenic epitopes on the knob with recombinant Ad3 fiber, recombinant Ad3 fiber knob, and Ad3 virion-specific antisera by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The main antigenic epitopes were presented by P3, P6, P12 (aa 254 to 269), P14, and especially the C-terminal P16. Peptides P14 and P16 of the Ad3 fiber knob were able to inhibit Ad3 infection of cells.
Prospective Study Evaluating the Impact of Tissue Confirmation of Metastatic Disease in Patients With Breast Cancer (2011)

Biopsy of metastases is technically feasible. Clinicians alter immediate management in one of seven patients on the basis of results of the biopsy, and discordance is not then associated with detrimental effects on outcome. Tissue confirmation should be considered in women with breast cancer and suspected metastatic recurrence.
Iterative Three-Dimensional Reconstruction from Twin-Cone Beam Projections (1978)

The twin-cone beam geometry has been used to reconstruct a three-dimensional object from projections. The reconstruction has been performed by means of the additive algebraic reconstruction technique (ART) extended to three dimensions. Several simulation experiments have been undertaken to explore the effect of pseudo-projections, analytic projections, iteration-dependent damping and interpolation schemes on the performance of the reconstruction. The results indicate that the ART-reconstruction from twin-cone beam projections can be achieved without blurring artefacts. The measured reconstruction error is of the same order of magnitude as the error of a ART-multislice reconstruction from coaxial projections.
A novel oncogenic BTK isoform is overexpressed in colon cancers and required for RAS-mediated transformation (2016)

Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is essential for B-cell proliferation/differentiation and it is generally believed that its expression and function are limited to bone marrow-derived cells. Here, we report the identification and characterization of p65BTK, a novel isoform abundantly expressed in colon carcinoma cell lines and tumour tissue samples. p65BTK protein is expressed, through heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK)-dependent and internal ribosome entry site-driven translation, from a transcript containing an alternative first exon in the 5'-untranslated region, and is post-transcriptionally regulated, via hnRNPK, by the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. p65BTK is endowed with strong transforming activity that depends on active signal-regulated protein kinases-1/2 (ERK1/2) and its inhibition abolishes RAS transforming activity. Accordingly, p65BTK overexpression in colon cancer tissues correlates with ERK1/2 activation. Moreover, p65BTK inhibition affects growth and survival of colon cancer cells. Our data reveal that BTK, via p65BTK expression, is a novel and powerful oncogene acting downstream of the RAS/MAPK pathway and suggest that its targeting may be a promising therapeutic approach.
Effects of arachidonic acid supplementation in maturation diet on female reproductive performance and larval quality of giant river prawn (<i>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</i>) (2016)

The giant river prawn (<i>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</i>) is one of the most farmed freshwater crustaceans in the world. Its global production has been stalling in the past decade due to the inconsistent quality of broodstock and hatchery-produced seeds. A better understanding of the role of nutrition in maturation diets will help overcome some of the production challenges. Arachidonic acid (20:4 n-6, ARA) is a fatty acid precursor of signaling molecules important for crustacean reproduction, prostaglandins E and F of the series II (PGE2 and PGF2<i>α</i>), and is often lacking in maturation diets of shrimp and prawns. We examined the effects of ARA in a combination of different fish oil (FO) and soybean oil (SO) blends on females' reproductive performance and larval quality. Adult females (15.22 ± 0.13 g and 11.12 ± 0.09 cm) were fed six isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets containing one of two different base compositions (A or B), supplemented with one of three levels of <i>Mortierella alpine</i>-derived ARA (containing 40% active ARA): 0, 1 or 2% by ingredient weight. The two base diets differed in the percentages of (FO and SO with diet A containing 2% SO and 2% FO and diet B containing 2.5% SO and 1.5% FO, resulting in differences in proportional contents of dietary linoleic acid (18:2n-6, LOA) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA)). After the eight-week experiment, prawns fed diet B with 1 and 2% ARA supplement (B1 and B2) exhibited the highest gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic index (HSI), egg clutch weight, fecundity, hatching rate, number of larvae, and reproductive effort compared to those fed other diets (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). Larvae from these two dietary treatments also had higher tolerance to low salinity (2 ppt). The maturation period was not significantly different among most treatments (<i>p</i> ≥ 0.05). ARA supplementation, regardless of the base diet, significantly improved GSI, HSI, egg clutch weight and fecundity. However, the diets with an enhanced ARA and LOA (B1 and B2) resulted in the best reproductive performance, egg hatchability and larval tolerance to low salinity. These dietary treatments also allow for effective accumulation of ARA and an n-3 lcPUFA, DHA in eggs and larvae.
Core–shell and concentration-gradient cathodes prepared via co-precipitation reaction for advanced lithium-ion batteries (2017)

In this review, the design principles, formation mechanism and recent advances in co-precipitation preparation core–shell and concentration-gradient cathodes for advanced LIBs are summarized. The remaining challenges and possible solutions are also discussed.
Copolymerization of Lipoic Acid with 1,2-Dithiane and Characterization of the Copolymer as an Interlocked Cyclic Polymer (2006)

Copolymerization of lipoic acid (LPA) and 1,2-dithiane (DT) and characterization of the resulting product were investigated. The copolymerization induced readily to give high-molecular-weight polymers in high yields. The difference in the polymerization reactivity between the two monomers may originate from the strain energies of the monomers. The mechanical properties of poly(LPA-co-DT) demonstrated that the polymers contains polycatenane structures. The molecular weight entanglement (Me) of poly(LPA-co-DT) estimated from a dynamic viscoelasticity measurement was in good agreement with the half value of the molecular weight of a noninterlocked cyclic polymer estimated from the photodecomposition of poly(LPA-co-DT).
Motuporamines A−C, Cytotoxic Alkaloids Isolated from the Marine Sponge <i>Xestospongia exigua</i> (Kirkpatrick) (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTMotuporamines A−C, Cytotoxic Alkaloids Isolated from the Marine Sponge Xestospongia exigua (Kirkpatrick)David E. Williams, Peter Lassota, and Raymond J. AndersenView Author Information Departments of Chemistry and Oceanography, Earth & Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada, and Oncology and Immunology Division, Wyeth Ayerst Research, 401 North Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York 10965 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 14, 4838–4841Publication Date (Web):June 18, 1998Publication History Received24 February 1998Published online18 June 1998Published inissue 1 July 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo980355phttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo980355pbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views497Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Carbene compounds,Carbon,Mixtures,Organic compounds,Resonance structures Get e-Alerts
S-parameter based technique for simultaneous switching noise analysis in electronic packages (1999)

A method based on S-parameters is developed for the analysis of simultaneous switching noise (SSN) in electronic packages. A two-port Z matrix of the package pin/trace, and the coupling between the pins/traces are modeled by analytical equations. SSN is analyzed as a function of the number of switching drivers and switching time. Frequency domain measurements are performed to demonstrate the accuracy of the model. The modeling methodology is applied to both leaded and area array packages.
NUEVAS METODOLOGÍAS DE ENSEÑANZA APLICADAS AL DERECHO FINANCIERO DEL GRADO DE DERECHO EN LA URV (2012)

La implementación del EEES en nuestro territorio ha marcado la necesidad de adaptar los estudios a de grado a una evaluación por competencias. En la asignatura Derecho Financiero de la URV la metodología docente del profesor como del alumno ha adquirido un nuevo rol. El profesor como parte activa de la enseñaza ha de guiar al alumno en su aprendizaje y el alumno ha de verse como una mente individual pensante. Para conseguir este tipo de aprendizaje la asignatura ha sido reestructurada basándose en los parámetros de aprendizaje por competencias.
Method for measuring the rf modulation characteristics of Mach-Zehnder-type modulators (1980)

We derive the frequency spectrum of the light output from Mach-Zehnder-type waveguide modulators and demonstrate the excellent agreement of the experimental results with theory. From the measurement of the frequency spectrum the rf modulation characteristics can be deduced. This method is advantageous as it permits the evaluation of the modulator performance up to frequencies above 1 GHz without requiring high optical power, thus eliminating the risk of optical damage in the waveguides. The tested modulator shows a 3-dB cutoff frequency of 1.1 GHz; the figure of merit is Q≈130 μW/MHz.
Degradation of 2-Chlorobenzoate by<i>Pseudomonas cepacia</i>2CBS (1989)

A bacterium was isolated from water by enrichment on 2-chlorobenzoate as sole source of carbon and energy. Based on morphological and physiological properties, this microorganism was assigned to the species Pseudomonas cepacia. The organism was designated Pseudomonas cepacia 2CBS. During growth on 2-chlorobenzoate, the chlorine substituent was released quantitatively, and a small amount of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate accumulated in the culture medium. Mutants of Pseudomonas cepacia 2CBS were induced by treatment with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Some of these mutants produced catechol from 2-chlorobenzoate. Other mutants accumulated the meta-cleavage product of catechol, 2-hydroxy-cis,cis-muconic acid semialdehyde. In crude cell-free extracts of Pseudomonas cepacia 2CBS, an enzyme was detected which catalysed the conversion of 2-chlorobenzoate to catechol. Molecular oxygen, NADH and exogenous Fe2+ were required for activity. Stoichiometric amounts of chloride were released. Experiments with 18O2 revealed that both oxygen atoms in the hydroxyl groups of the product were derived from molecular oxygen. Thus, the enzyme catalysing the conversion of 2-chlorobenzoate was identified as 2-chlorobenzoate 1,2-dioxygenase (1,2-hydroxylating, dehalogenating, decarboxylating). 2-Chlorobenzoate 1,2-dioxygenase from Pseudomonas cepacia 2CBS was shown to be a multicomponent enzyme system. The activities of catechol 2,3-dioxygenase and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase were detected in crude cell-free extracts. The activity of catechol 2,3-dioxygenase was 60 times higher than the activity of catechol 1,2-dioxygenase, indicating that catechol is mainly degraded via meta-cleavage in Pseudomonas cepacia 2CBS. No enzyme was found which converted 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate, suggesting that this compound is a dead-end metabolite of 2-chlorobenzoate catabolism. A pathway for the degradation of 2-chlorobenzoate by Pseudomonas cepacia 2CBS is proposed.
Progranulin functions as a cathepsin D chaperone to stimulate axonal outgrowth in vivo (2017)

Loss of function mutations in progranulin (GRN) cause frontotemporal dementia, but how GRN haploinsufficiency causes neuronal dysfunction remains unclear. We previously showed that GRN is neurotrophic in vitro. Here, we used an in vivo axonal outgrowth system and observed a delayed recovery in GRN-/- mice after facial nerve injury. This deficit was rescued by reintroduction of human GRN and relied on its C-terminus and on neuronal GRN production. Transcriptome analysis of the facial motor nucleus post injury identified cathepsin D (CTSD) as the most upregulated gene. In aged GRN-/- cortices, CTSD was also upregulated, but the relative CTSD activity was reduced and improved upon exogenous GRN addition. Moreover, GRN and its C-terminal granulin domain granulinE (GrnE) both stimulated the proteolytic activity of CTSD in vitro. Pull-down experiments confirmed a direct interaction between GRN and CTSD. This interaction was also observed with GrnE and stabilized the CTSD enzyme at different temperatures. Investigating the importance of this interaction for axonal regeneration in vivo we found that, although individually tolerated, a combined reduction of GRN and CTSD synergistically reduced axonal outgrowth. Our data links the neurotrophic effect of GRN and GrnE with a lysosomal chaperone function on CTSD to maintain its proteolytic capacity.
An Ultra-Broadband Doubly Balanced Monolithic Ring Mixer for Ku- to Ka-band Applications (2007)

A novel 12-40 GHz ultra-broadband doubly balanced monolithic ring mixer with a small chip size covering the Ku- to Ka-band applications implemented by a 0.15-mum pseudo- morphic high electron-mobility transistor process is presented. The proposed mixer consists of two spiral transformer baluns and a band-reject filter. The use of the spiral baluns leads to the achievement of a chip size less than 0.8 times 0.8 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The radio frequency (RF) spiral balun with a band-reject filter served by an L-C resonator is used to improve the bandwidth of the mixer and to provide an output port for the intermediate frequency (IF) extraction as well. The mixer exhibits a 6-12 dB conversion loss, high isolation over 12-40 GHz RF/local oscillation bandwidth, a DC-8 GHz IF bandwidth, and a 1-dB compression power of 14 dBm for both down- and up-converter applications.
A therapeutic cancer vaccine delivers antigens and adjuvants to lymphoid tissues using genetically modified T cells (2021)

Therapeutic vaccines that augment T cell responses to tumor antigens have been limited by poor potency in clinical trials. In contrast, the transfer of T cells modified with foreign transgenes frequently induces potent endogenous T cell responses to epitopes in the transgene product, and these responses are undesirable, because they lead to rejection of the transferred T cells. We sought to harness gene-modified T cells as a vaccine platform and developed cancer vaccines composed of autologous T cells modified with tumor antigens and additional adjuvant signals (Tvax). T cells expressing model antigens and a broad range of tumor neoantigens induced robust and durable T cell responses through cross-presentation of antigens by host DCs. Providing Tvax with signals such as CD80, CD137L, IFN-β, IL-12, GM-CSF, and FLT3L enhanced T cell priming. Coexpression of IL-12 and GM-CSF induced the strongest CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses through complimentary effects on the recruitment and activation of DCs, mediated by autocrine IL-12 receptor signaling in the Tvax. Therapeutic vaccination with Tvax and adjuvants showed antitumor activity in subcutaneous and metastatic preclinical mouse models. Human T cells modified with neoantigens readily activated specific T cells derived from patients, providing a path for clinical translation of this therapeutic platform in cancer.
Parallel factor analysis in sensor array processing (2000)

This paper links multiple invariance sensor array processing (MI-SAP) to parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis, which is a tool rooted in psychometrics and chemometrics. PARAFAC is a common name for low-rank decomposition of three- and higher way arrays. This link facilitates the derivation of powerful identifiability results for MI-SAP, shows that the uniqueness of single- and multiple-invariance ESPRIT stems from uniqueness of low-rank decomposition of three-way arrays, and allows tapping on the available expertise for fitting the PARAFAC model. The results are applicable to both data-domain and subspace MI-SAP formulations. The paper also includes a constructive uniqueness proof for a special PARAFAC model.
Biological Insight from Super-Resolution Microscopy: What We Can Learn from Localization-Based Images (2017)

Super-resolution optical imaging based on the switching and localization of individual fluorescent molecules [photoactivated localization microscopy (PALM), stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM), etc.] has evolved remarkably over the last decade. Originally driven by pushing technological limits, it has become a tool of biological discovery. The initial demand for impressive pictures showing well-studied biological structures has been replaced by a need for quantitative, reliable data providing dependable evidence for specific unresolved biological hypotheses. In this review, we highlight applications that showcase this development, identify the features that led to their success, and discuss remaining challenges and difficulties. In this context, we consider the complex topic of defining resolution for this imaging modality and address some of the more common analytical methods used with this data.
Digital VIT Signal Generator (1976)

VIT (Vertical Interval Test) 信号を用いてテレビジョン回線の諸特性を自動測定および監視する技術が最近開発されつつある.これらの特性測定と監視の基準となるVIT信号は, 従来アナログ的に発生しており, 精度および特性維持に問題があった.そこでVIT信号の精度を上げるべく, 波形をあらかじめディジタルデータに分解してディジタルリードオンリーメモリー (ROM) に蓄積し, これをカラー副搬送波に同期したクロックで読出す方式のディジタルVIT信号発生器を開発した.発生可能な信号の周波数帯域は5MHzを得ている.
Developing Measures of Teachers’ Mathematics Knowledge for Teaching (2004)

In this article we discuss efforts to design and empirically test measures of teachers’ content knowledge for teaching elementary mathematics. We begin by reviewing the literature on teacher knowledge, noting how scholars have organized such knowledge. Next we describe survey items we wrote to represent knowledge for teaching mathematics and results from factor analysis and scaling work with these items. We found that teachers’ knowledge for teaching elementary mathematics was multidimensional and included knowledge of various mathematical topics (e.g., number and operations, algebra) and domains (e.g., knowledge of content, knowledge of students and content). The constructs indicated by factor analysis formed psychometrically acceptable scales.
Synthesis and Kinetic Evaluation of Inhibitors of the Phosphatidylinositol-Specific Phospholipase C from <i>Bacillus cereus</i> (1996)

Substrate analogues of phosphatidylinositol (1) were synthesized and evaluated as potential inhibitors of the bacterial phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) from Bacillus cereus. The chiral analogues of the water-soluble phospholipid substrate 5 were designed to probe the effects of varying the inositol C-2 hydroxyl group, which is generally believed to serve as the nucleophile in the first step of the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositols by PI-PLC. In the analogues 6-9, the C-2 hydroxyl group on the inositol ring of the phosphatidylinositol derivatives was rationally altered in several ways. Inversion of the stereochemistry at C-2 of the inositol ring led to the scyllo derivative 6. The inositol C-2 hydroxy group was replaced with inversion by a fluorine to produce the scyllo-fluoro inositol 7 and with a hydrogen atom to furnish the 2-deoxy compound 8. The C-2 hydroxyl group was O-methylated to prepare the methoxy derivative 9. The natural inositol configuration at C-2 was retained in the nonhydrolyzable phosphorodithioate analogue 10. The inhibition of PI-PLC by each of these analogues was then analyzed in a continuous assay using D-myo-inositol 1-(4-nitrophenyl phosphate) (25) as a chromogenic substrate. The kinetic parameters for each of these phosphatidylinositol derivatives were determined, and each was found to be a competitive inhibitor with K(i)'s as follows: 6, 0.2 mM; 10, 0.6 mM; 8, 2.6 mM; 9, 6.6 mM; and 7, 8.8 mM. This study further establishes that the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol analogues by bacterial PI-PLC requires not only the presence of a C-2 hydroxyl group on the inositol ring, but the stereochemistry at this position must also correspond to the natural myo-configuration. For future inhibitor design, it is perhaps noteworthy that the best inhibitors 6 and 10 each possess a hydroxyl group at the C-2 position. Several of the inhibitors identified in this study are now being used to obtain crystallographic information for an enzyme-inhibitor complex to gain further insights regarding the mechanism of hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositides by this PI-PLC.
Use of software to search for higher symmetry: space group <i>C</i>2 (2001)

From a search of the October 2000 release of the Cambridge Structural Database we find coordinate data for approximately 1500 entries under space group No. 5: C2 or, occasionally, A2, I2 or B112. Software designed to detect cases of missed higher symmetry identified 144 entries for detailed inspection. Of these, 50 should, we believe, be revised to space groups of higher symmetry. The most common revision is to space group C2/m, which entails adding a center of inversion and usually results in important changes in bond lengths and angles.