gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Designing processor-cluster based systems: interplay between cluster organizations and broadcasting algorithms (2002)

Past research on designing processor-cluster based parallel systems has focused mainly on studing the packaging technologies affecting the inter-cluster network. To make such a design approach more attractive, there is a strong need to understand the details about the topology inside the cluster its memory organization, and the impact of this organization on system performance. In this paper we analyze the communication costs for accessing inter-cluster and intra-cluster memories under different cluster organizations. The merits of these organizations are evaluated based on the performance of a commonly used U-mesh broadcast algorithm. Our results indicate that tightly coupled cluster organizations with shared access to memory offer faster intra-cluster communication. This leads to such organizations to outperform loosely coupled cluster organizations. We also demonstrate that such faster intracluster access in clustered systems can be exploited to design better collective communication algorithms. We propose a new broadcasting algorithm on clustered meshes clus-mesh which outperforms existing u-mesh on clustered systems by up to 20%.
Mechanisms of the borate ester induced decomposition of alkyl hydroperoxides (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanisms of the borate ester induced decomposition of alkyl hydroperoxidesPhilip F. Wolf, James E. McKeon, and D. W. CannellCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 13, 1875–1882Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1975https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00901a002RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views333Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Progression of neuronal and synaptic remodeling in the <i>rd10</i> mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa (2010)

The Pde6b(rd10) (rd10) mouse has a moderate rate of photoreceptor degeneration and serves as a valuable model for human autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (RP). We evaluated the progression of neuronal remodeling of second- and third-order retinal cells and their synaptic terminals in retinas from Pde6b(rd10) (rd10) mice at varying stages of degeneration ranging from postnatal day 30 (P30) to postnatal month 9.5 (PNM9.5) using immunolabeling for well-known cell- and synapse-specific markers. Following photoreceptor loss, changes occurred progressively from outer to inner retina. Horizontal cells and rod and cone bipolar cells underwent morphological remodeling that included loss of dendrites, cell body migration, and the sprouting of ectopic processes. Gliosis, characterized by translocation of Müller cell bodies to the outer retina and thickening of their processes, was evident by P30 and became more pronounced as degeneration progressed. Following rod degeneration, continued expression of VGluT1 in the outer retina was associated with survival and expression of synaptic proteins by nearby second-order neurons. Rod bipolar cell terminals showed a progressive reduction in size and ectopic bipolar cell processes extended into the inner nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer by PNM3.5. Putative ectopic conventional synapses, likely arising from amacrine cells, were present in the inner nuclear layer by PNM9.5. Despite these changes, the laminar organization of bipolar and amacrine cells and the ON-OFF organization in the inner plexiform layer was largely preserved. Surviving cone and bipolar cell terminals continued to express the appropriate cell-specific presynaptic proteins needed for synaptic function up to PNM9.5.
Mechanistic and kinetic studies of the reactions of gas-phase methyl radicals with metal oxides (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanistic and kinetic studies of the reactions of gas-phase methyl radicals with metal oxidesYoudong Tong and Jack H. LunsfordCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 13, 4741–4746Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00013a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00013a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views488Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Point Process Framework for Relating Neural Spiking Activity to Spiking History, Neural Ensemble, and Extrinsic Covariate Effects (2004)

Multiple factors simultaneously affect the spiking activity of individual neurons. Determining the effects and relative importance of these factors is a challenging problem in neurophysiology. We propose a statistical framework based on the point process likelihood function to relate a neuron's spiking probability to three typical covariates: the neuron's own spiking history, concurrent ensemble activity, and extrinsic covariates such as stimuli or behavior. The framework uses parametric models of the conditional intensity function to define a neuron's spiking probability in terms of the covariates. The discrete time likelihood function for point processes is used to carry out model fitting and model analysis. We show that, by modeling the logarithm of the conditional intensity function as a linear combination of functions of the covariates, the discrete time point process likelihood function is readily analyzed in the generalized linear model (GLM) framework. We illustrate our approach for both GLM and non-GLM likelihood functions using simulated data and multivariate single-unit activity data simultaneously recorded from the motor cortex of a monkey performing a visuomotor pursuit-tracking task. The point process framework provides a flexible, computationally efficient approach for maximum likelihood estimation, goodness-of-fit assessment, residual analysis, model selection, and neural decoding. The framework thus allows for the formulation and analysis of point process models of neural spiking activity that readily capture the simultaneous effects of multiple covariates and enables the assessment of their relative importance.
Synthesis of Furfural from Xylose, Xylan, and Biomass Using AlCl<sub>3</sub>⋅6 H<sub>2</sub>O in Biphasic Media via Xylose Isomerization to Xylulose (2012)

Furfural was prepared in high yields (75 %) from the reaction of xylose in a water-tetrahydrofuran biphasic medium containing AlCl(3)·6H2O and NaCl under microwave heating at 140 °C. The reaction profile revealed the formation of xylulose as an intermediate en route to the dehydration product (furfural). The reaction under these conditions reached completion in 45 min. The aqueous phase containing AlCl(3)·6H(2)O and NaCl could be recycled multiple times (>5) without any loss of activity or selectivity for furfural. Extension of this biphasic reaction system to include xylan as the starting material afforded furfural in 64 % yield. The use of corn stover, pinewood, switchgrass, and poplar gave furfural in 55, 38, 56, and 64 % yield, respectively, at 160 °C. Even though AlCl(3)·6H(2)O did not affect the conversion of crystalline cellulose, moderate yields of the by-product 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) were noted. The highest HMF yield of 42 % was obtained from pinewood. The coproduction of HMF and furfural from biomass was attributed to the weakening of the cellulose network in the biomass, as a result of hemicellulose hydrolysis. The multifunctional capacity of AlCl(3)·6H(2)O (hemicellulose hydrolysis, xylose isomerization, and xylulose dehydration) in combination with its ease of recyclability make it an attractive candidate/catalyst for the selective synthesis of furfural from various biomass feedstocks.
Generation and spectral manipulation of coherent terahertz radiation with two-stage optical rectification (2008)

We propose and experimentally demonstrate the generation of single-cycle terahertz radiation with two-stage optical rectification in GaSe crystals. By adjusting the time delay between the pump pulses employed to excite the two stages, the terahertz radiation from the second GaSe crystal can constructively superpose with the terahertz field injected from the first stage. The high mutual coherence between the two terahertz radiation fields is ensured with the coherent optical rectification process and can be further used to synthesize a desired spectral profile of coherent THz radiation. The technique is also potentially useful for generating high-power single-cycle terahertz pulses, usually limited by the pulse walk-off effect of the nonlinear optical crystal used.
Metal Matrix Composites Offer Automotive Industry Opportunity to Reduce Vehicle Weight, Improve Performance (2012)

Abstract Metal-matrix composite (MMC) materials are being developed at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee for a diverse range of automotive applications from pistons and cylinder liners to exhaust manifolds and chassis sections. The ability to tailor not only the properties but also the functionality of MMCs gives automotive engineers a powerful new tool in dealing with increasingly strict fuel economy standards.
Decision generation tools and Bayesian inference (2014)

Digital Decision Generation (DDG) tools are important software sub-systems of Command and Control (C2) systems and technologies. In this paper, we present a special type of DDGs based on Bayesian Inference, related to adverse (hostile) networks, including such important applications as terrorism-related networks and organized crime ones.
An Implementation of MicroMint (1998)

Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1998.
Macromol. Chem. Phys. 17/2016 (2016)

Front Cover: The visualization of polymeric nanoparticles by means of electron microscopy methods is an important mainstay for the characterization. Usually, simple drop casting does not conserve their morphology yielding a corrugated appearance. By embedding the polymer nanoparticles into a matrix, these drying artefacts can be minimized. Further details can be found in the article by Patricia Renz, Maria Kokkinopoulou, Katharina Landfester, Ingo Lieberwirth* on page 1879.
Efficacy and safety of dalcetrapib in type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or metabolic syndrome patients, at high cardiovascular disease risk (2011)

Dalcetrapib similarly decreased CETP activity and increased HDL-C levels in patients with and without T2DM or metabolic syndrome; the ongoing Phase III dal-OUTCOMES study will help to determine if dalcetrapib's improvement in lipid levels also reduces cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Magnetic Recording Assisted by Spin-Transfer-Torque-Induced Magnetization Reversal and Dynamics (2021)

To advance hard disk drive areal densities, spin torque devices have been proposed for write gap (WG) inclusion, through magnetic layer reversal and/or large angle radio frequency (RF) oscillations. When spin torque-induced magnetization reversal assists the write field, the total moment to be flipped under the current density allowable for reliability must be considered. A layer with a low product of magnetization density and thickness ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M_{s}t$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) can be easily flipped under low current densities <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ < 3\times 10$ </tex-math></inline-formula> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . A higher <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M_{s}t$ </tex-math></inline-formula> has better potential for areal density capability improvements, but >80% flipping only occurs at higher current densities. Furthermore, the amount of flipped magnetic moment is affected by the frequency of the alternating gap field. Real-time micromagnetic simulations of reversal under recording frequencies are presented. Multiple magnetic layers applied in the WG are also covered where the effects of reducing magnetic moment along the gap field and of generating RF field on the media may compete.
Ethenylene-bridged periodic mesoporous organosilicas with ultra-large mesopores (2009)

E-configured ethenylene-bridged periodic mesoporous organosilicas with ultra-large mesopores and unprecedented pore volumes have been developed for the first time.
Désacidification biologique des vins blancs secs par fermentation de l'acide malique par les levures (1983)

<p style="text-align: justify;">A considerable malolactic fermentation can be obtained by adding to musts some commercial active dry yeasts. An addition of thiamine may increase this phenomenon. When addition of <em>Schizosaccharomyces pombe</em> takes place at the end of alcoholic fermentation consequences of the metabolism of this yeast strain about organoleptic properties of wine are considerably decreased. With a well-advised utilization of these yeasts it is possible to obtain a considerable deacidification of wines.</p>
Strength and Durability of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete: A Review (2018)

Abstract Concrete is essential construction material, since it is brittle in nature so the addition of steel fiber provides some ductility to the composite also the replacement of cement with other cementitious materials gives both environmental and economical benefit. Sometimes in adverse conditions concrete has to face some chemical attacks which affect the durability of concrete. This paper deals with the detailed literature review and explores the techniques to find the strength, durability and effects of chemical attacks on concrete. Keywords: Strength, durability, chemical attacks Cite this Article Dushyant Kumar Sharma, Devendra Somwanshi. Strength and Durability of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete: A Review. Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology. 2018; 8(1): 34–40p.
Mechanical stability and adhesion of microstructures under capillary forces. I. Basic theory (1993)

Strong capillary forces are developed in the fabrication process of surface micromachined structures during the wet etch of sacrificial layers. The magnitude of these forces is in some cases sufficient to deform and pin these structures to the substrate resulting in device failure. The deflection, mechanical stability, and adhesion of thin micromechanical structure under capillary forces are examined. These phenomena are divided into two separate stages of mechanical collapse and adhesion to the underlying substrate. The basic theory of collapse is described. Approximate conditions are computed to prevent contact to the substrate.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Electromagnetic fields of a dipole source in a circular tunnel containing a surface wave line (1977)

We present a boundary value analysis for the fields excited by a dipole in a circular tunnel that contains a dielectric coated axial conductor. The integral form of the solution is generally valid provided the outer radius of the dielectric coated conductor is small compared with its distance to the tunnel wall. The propagation mode that behaves as an axial surface wave at high frequencies is examined for a frequency range from 1 MHz to 1 GHz. The attenuation reaches a maximum value at frequencies of the order of 100 MHz where the absorption loss by the tunnel wall is most significant. In the range from 1 to about 10 MHz, the attenuation rate is approximately proportional to frequency and is only weakly dependent on the conductivity of the region external to the tunnel walls. The results are consistent with earlier investigations for surface wave lines located over a homogeneous half-space.
Isolated Bidirectional Grid-Tied Three-Phase AC–DC Power Conversion Using Series-Resonant Converter Modules and a Three-Phase Unfolder (2017)

Power-bidirectional converters are used to integrate energy storage with both dc and ac distribution grids. A modular bidirectional dc-dc converter system consisting of multiple dual-bridge series resonant converter (DBSRC) modules can be reconfigured to extend the system operating range. This paper proposes a modular three-phase ac-dc converter system by adding a line-frequency unfolder to series-connected outputs of two DBSRC modules. The DBSRC modules are controlled to output time-varying currents, which are then reconstructed into sinusoidal ac currents by the unfolder. Compared with a conventional two-stage system with a dc-dc converter and a two-level voltage-source inverter, the DBSRC-unfolder system has smaller dc-link capacitance, negligible unfolder switching loss, reduced line filter size, and faster dynamic response. The system operation and performance are verified on a 1-kW experimental prototype.
On limits to the graph-theoretic approaches in the electric power systems (2011)

There have been numerous attempts to use graph-theoretic algorithms in power systems. But it has not been clear enough what the potentials and the limitations of these applications are. The goal of our work is to model differences between transportation and electrical networks and to provide a uniform way for transforming an electrical network into its transportation equivalent. The limitations of the application of graph algorithms are discussed based on this transformation. After obtaining a transportation equivalent of an electrical network, two famous graph algorithms: Max-Flow and Min-Cost Flow are executed in a tree representation.
A fuzzy control system based on the human sensation of thermal comfort (2002)

Unlike the majority of the existing residential heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) control systems which are considered as temperature control problems, this paper presents a new HVAC control technique that is based on the human sensation of thermal comfort. The proposed HVAC control strategy goal is not to maintain a constant indoor air temperature but a constant indoor thermal comfort. This is realized by the implementation of a fuzzy reasoning that takes into account the vagueness and the subjectivity of the human sensation of thermal comfort in the formulation of the control action that should be applied to the HVAC system in order to bring the indoor climate into comfort conditions. Simulation results show that the proposed control strategy makes it possible to maximize both thermal comfort of the occupants and the energy economy of HVAC systems.
Efficient inverted quasi-bilayer organic solar cells fabricated by using non-halogenated solvent processes (2014)

Here we demonstrate the fabrication of novel, “quasi-bilayer” inverted organic photovoltaic devices using halogen-free solvents.
The role of complement component 3 (C3) in differentiation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (2013)

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play an important role in the regulation of the immune response. MDSC expansion occurs in many circumstances, including cancer, inflammation, stresses, and transplant tolerance. Liver transplants in mice are spontaneously accepted, but hepatocyte transplants are acutely rejected, suggesting the immunoregulatory activities of liver nonparenchymal cells. We have reported that hepatic stellate cells (HpSCs), the stromal cells in the liver, are immensely immunosuppressive and can effectively protect islet transplants via induction of MDSCs. The present study shows that the addition of HpSCs into dendritic cell (DC) culture promoted development of MDSCs, instead of DCs, which was highly dependent on complement component 3 (C3) from HpSCs. The C3(-/-) HpSCs lost their ability to induce MDSCs and, consequently, failed to protect the cotransplanted islet allografts. HpSCs produced complement activation factor B and factor D which then enhanced C3 cleavage to activation products iC3b and C3d. Addition of exogenous iC3b, but not C3d, into the DC culture led to the differentiation of MDSCs with potent immune-inhibitory function. These findings provide novel mechanistic insights into the differentiation of myeloid cells mediated by local tissue cells, and may assist in the development of MDSC-based therapy in clinical settings.
A half-split cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna using slot-coupling (1993)

A half-split cylindrical dielectric resonator placed on a metallic plane and excited in its magnetic dipole mode is a potentially useful antenna element. The use of a microstrip line-slot feed scheme for exciting this antenna is reported. Experimental results show that the antenna displays the anticipated radiation pattern and it has a high operating frequency bandwidth (about 10%). The overall antenna configuration can be easily integrated with MICs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>