gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kinetic investigation on the reactions of <i>p</i>‐toluenesulfonyl chloride with <i>p</i>‐substituted benzoic acid(s) in the presence of triethylamine in aprotic solvents (2009)

Abstract Second‐order rate constants of the reactions of p ‐toluenesulfonyl chloride with p ‐substituted benzoic acids in the presence of triethylamine in acetonitrile/acetone under equimolar and pseudo‐first‐order conditions have been determined by the conductometric method using the Guggenheim principle at 25, 30, 35, and 40°C. The reactions follow second order with respect to the whole and first order with respect to each of the reactants. The order of reactivity of the substituents in benzoic acid is rationalized. Activation parameters are obtained by applying the usual methods. The Hammett plot has been found nonlinear, whereas the Bronsted plot shows good correlation. This may be explained on the basis of electronic effects of substituents on the reaction center. Kinetic data and the product analyses indicate that the reaction proceeds through direct nucleophilic attack on the sulfur center. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 41: 303–308, 2009
Intranuclear membrane structure formations by CaaX-containing nuclear proteins (2004)

The nuclear lamina is a protein meshwork lining the nucleoplasmic face of the nuclear envelope. Association of lamins with the inner nuclear membrane is mediated by specific modifications in the CaaX motif at their C-termini. B-type lamins are permanently isoprenylated whereas lamin A loses its modification by a lamin A-specific processing step after incorporation into the lamina. Lamins are differentially expressed during development and tissue differentiation. Here we show that an increased synthesis of lamins B1 and B2 in amphibian oocytes induces the formation of intranuclear membrane structures that form extensive arrays of stacked cisternae. These 'lamin membrane arrays' are attached to the inner nuclear membrane but are not continuous with it. Induction of this membrane proliferation depends on CaaX-specific posttranslational modification. Moreover, in transfected HeLa cells, chimeric GFP containing a nuclear localization signal and a C-terminal CaaX motif of N-Ras induces intranuclear membrane stacks that resemble those induced by lamins and ER-like cisternae that are induced in the cytoplasm upon increased synthesis of integral ER membrane proteins. Implications for the synthesis of CaaX-containing proteins are discussed and the difference from intranuclear fibrous lamina annulate lamellae formations is emphasized.
A supervisão, o supervisor e os supervisionandos (2004)

espanolEl objetivo de este trabajo es reflexionar acerca de la tarea de supervision del curso de Psicoterapias Analiticas Grupales de la Spagesp. Pensar en lo que ganamos o perdemos en este trabajo llevando en consideracion el supervisor, el supervisionando, la tarea y la institucion. Es un trabajo que cuenta con la participacion de ex alumnas del curso que dan su colaboracion y sus declaraciones. Se destaca tanto el papel del supervisor, como coordinador de un grupo y los supervisionandos como miembros de ese grupo cuya tarea es la de supervision de sus atendimentos. Se resalta tambien la reflexion sobre el tiempo destinado a la tarea. EnglishThe main aim of this work is to make a reflection on the task of supervision in the course of Analytical Psychotherapy in Groups of SPAGESP. Thinking about profit and loss of this work considering the supervisor, the supervised, the task and the institution. It is a work that includes the participation of ex-students of this course, collaborating and giving their statements. Under great attention appear both, the role of the supervisor as a coordinator of a group and the supervised as members of this group which task consists in getting supervision for their clients issues. Equally it is pointed out a reflection about time dedicated to work. portuguesO objetivo deste trabalho e refletir acerca da tarefa de supervisao junto do curso de Psicoterapias Analiticas Grupais da SPAGESP - Sociedade de Psicoterapias Analiticas Grupais do Estado de Sao Paulo. Pensar sobre os ganhos e perdas deste trabalho levando em consideracao o supervisor, supervisionandos, a tarefa e a instituicao. E um trabalho que contem a participacao de ex-alunas do curso dando sua colaboracao e seu depoimento. Sera feito um percurso desde a origem da palavra, como a origem deste procedimento e seus objetivos. Destaca-se tanto o papel do supervisor, como coordenador de um grupo quanto os supervisionandos, como membros desse grupo cuja tarefa e a supervisao de seus atendimentos. Enfatiza-se tambem a reflexao acerca do tempo destinado a tarefa.
Collaboratively Improving Topic Discovery and Word Embeddings by Coordinating Global and Local Contexts (2017)

A text corpus typically contains two types of context information -- global context and local context. Global context carries topical information which can be utilized by topic models to discover topic structures from the text corpus, while local context can train word embeddings to capture semantic regularities reflected in the text corpus. This encourages us to exploit the useful information in both the global and the local context information. In this paper, we propose a unified language model based on matrix factorization techniques which 1) takes the complementary global and local context information into consideration simultaneously, and 2) models topics and learns word embeddings collaboratively. We empirically show that by incorporating both global and local context, this collaborative model can not only significantly improve the performance of topic discovery over the baseline topic models, but also learn better word embeddings than the baseline word embedding models. We also provide qualitative analysis that explains how the cooperation of global and local context information can result in better topic structures and word embeddings.
Structure Factors of Dispersible Units of Carbon Black Filler in Rubbers (2005)

We report the structures of dispersible units, a most fundamental but minimal dispersible structural unit of a carbon black (CB) filler that is formed in two kinds of rubber (polyisoprene and styrene-butadiene random copolymer) matrices under a given processing condition. The results obtained from various small-angle scattering techniques showed that the CB aggregates, as observed after the sonification of a CB/toluene solution, were a spherical shape composed of approximately nine primary CB particles fused together. In the rubber matrices, the aggregates clustered into higher order structures defined in this work as the dispersible units, which are the fundamental structural elements (or the "lower cutoff structures") that build up a higher order mass-fractal structure. Furthermore, we found that the morphology of the dispersible units strongly depended on the rubber matrix, although the mass-fractal dimensions remained unchanged.
CPR and DNR Decision Making (2010)

Educational Objectives 1. Examine the complexities of end-of-life care and obstacles to good DNR decision making. 2. Discuss CPR and its perceived vs. actual chances for success. 3. Demonstrate best practices for communicating about CPR. 4. Consider how the signing of the DNR is just one component of endof- life care.
Physiological range of peak cardiac power output in healthy adults (2006)

Although the sample size remains moderate, the CPO values attained were normally distributed and these values provide a useful indication of the normal range for CPO(peak) in healthy adults.
Deposition of 18‐MEA onto alkaline‐color‐treated weathered hair to form a persistent hydrophobicity (2010)

A technology for the deposition of a persistent hydrophobicity to alkaline-color-treated weathered hair surfaces using 18-MEA (18-methyleicosanoic acid) is presented. Two approaches were examined in order to make 18-MEA bind tightly to the alkaline-color-treated weathered hair surface. One was to apply 18-MEA as an acid form and the other was to apply 18-MEA as a salt or complex. It was found that the combination of 18-MEA with specific cationic surfactants [stearoxypropyldimethylamine (SPDA) and docosyldimethylamine (DSDA)] makes the alkaline-color-treated weathered hair surface hydrophobic and that its hydrophobicity is maintained even after shampooing. Characterization of adsorbed layers of 18-MEA/SPDA on a mica surface, as a possible hydrophilic surface model, was performed using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AR-XPS). The results revealed that 18-MEA/SPDA formed a layer with high wear resistance, with an alkyl chain, the hydrophobic moiety, oriented at an angle of around 25 degrees to the air interface.
A 750 K Photocharge Linear Full Well in a 3.2 μm HDR Pixel with Complementary Carrier Collection (2018)

Mainly driven by automotive applications, there is an increasing interest in image sensors combining a high dynamic range (HDR) and immunity to the flicker issue. The native HDR pixel concept based on a parallel electron and hole collection for, respectively, a low signal level and a high signal level is particularly well-suited for this performance challenge. The theoretical performance of this pixel is modeled and compared to alternative HDR pixel architectures. This concept is proven with the fabrication of a 3.2 μm pixel in a back-side illuminated (BSI) process including capacitive deep trench isolation (CDTI). The electron-based image uses a standard 4T architecture with a pinned diode and provides state-of-the-art low-light performance, which is not altered by the pixel modifications introduced for the hole collection. The hole-based image reaches 750 kh+ linear storage capability thanks to a 73 fF CDTI capacitor. Both images are taken from the same integration window, so the HDR reconstruction is not only immune to the flicker issue but also to motion artifacts.
Parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (1997)

Parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis is a persistent problem that has been a major cause of morbidity and mortality in young neonates. This review discusses some of the more recently associated risk factors, potential etiologies, including some potential genetic causes, and discusses potential forms of therapy, including the use of ursodeoxycholic acid and cholecystokinin.
Modified phonon confinement model for Raman spectroscopy of nanostructured materials (2010)

This work describes further development of the confinement theory used for fitting of the Raman-spectroscopy signal obtained from nanostructured materials. We present a simple algebraic method for the incorporation of an anisotropic phonon-dispersion function into the phonon confinement model. The anisotropy is shown to have particular effects on low-dimensional systems, of sizes below $\ensuremath{\sim}15\text{ }\text{nm}$, even for systems with low anisotropy such as Ge. Experimental verification of the model is provided by fitting the Raman signal from Ge nanowires grown on quartz substrates. The interplay between the temperature change due to Raman laser heating and the size of the nanostructures is discussed.
Interbody Cages in Plif Surgery: A Multicentric Report (1998)

Interbody cages and PLIF technique for the reconstruction of the anterior column has evolved from a controversial to an accepted and effective procedure. 285 patients operated on with Ogival Cages have been reviewed considering the indications, complications rate and the overall satisfying patient outcome. Despite the fact that this surgical technique is both time consuming and involves great care on the part of the surgeon, spondylolisthesis and degenerative disc derangements are good indications for cages and a high rate of good clinical results has been achieved with this method. Learning curve and design improvement may minimize the risk of complication.
Design and Implementation of an Online Laboratory for Introductory Digital Systems (2005)

In this thesis, I designed and implemented an online, web-based laboratory system for the Introductory Digital Systems Laboratory course at MIT (6.111). The intent is to allow a student access to a 6.111 labkit, program it, and view the results without ever entering the physical lab room. The lab architecture consists of primarily of two portions: a server and a client. The server programs the Xilinx FPGA on the labkit, and it controls the logic analyzer used to observe the labkit signals. The client is a Java applet that can send code to the server and retrieve logic analyzer data from the server. The user can view and manipulate the retrieved data through the client. The applet is embedded in a web page, along with a video stream that shows the labkit setup live to the user. The user interface is designed to be accessible from any
Robust Phoneme Recognition with Little Data (2015)

A common belief in the community is that deep learning requires large datasets to be effective. We show that with careful parameter selection, deep feature extraction can be applied even to small datasets.We also explore exactly how much data is necessary to guarantee learning by convergence analysis and calculating the shattering coefficient for the algorithms used. Another problem is that state-of-the-art results are rarely reproducible because they use proprietary datasets, pretrained networks and/or weight initializations from other larger networks. We present a two-fold novelty for this situation where a carefully designed CNN architecture, together with a knowledge-driven classifier achieves nearly state-of-the-art phoneme recognition results with absolutely no pretraining or external weight initialization. We also beat the best replication study of the state of the art with a 28% FER. More importantly, we are able to achieve transparent, reproducible frame-level accuracy and, additionally, perform a convergence analysis to show the generalization capacity of the model providing statistical evidence that our results are not obtained by chance. Furthermore, we show how algorithms with strong learning guarantees can not only benefit from raw data extraction but contribute with more robust results.
Mesenchymal stem cells and tumor metastasis (2011)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been found to home to tissues/organs with irflammation,the sites of growing tumors,as well as to participate in the formation of the tumor micro-environment,suggesting that MSCs play important roles in tumor growth and metastasis.To study the roles and mechanisms of MSCs in tumor growth and metastasis will provide new insights into tumorigenesis and tumor target therapy.

Key words: 
Mesenchymal stem cells;  Neoplastic stem cells;  Neoplasm metastasis
Knowledge-based analysis and recognition of 3D images of human chest-cavity (2002)

The description and preliminary results of a computerized image analysis system which can analyze anatomical three-dimensional images and label each part of the image with the help of a knowledge base of human anatomy are presented. The approach utilizes a strong low-level image analysis system with the capability of analyzing the data in both bottom-up (or data-driven) and top-down (or model-driven) modes to improve the high-level recognition process. With the help of a multiresolution representation scheme, various cross sections of the input data set are first registered in proper orientation. Knowledge of reference organ parts is applied in 3D volume representation to establish a correlation between the input data and anatomical knowledge base. The process of recognizing an object in the image is realized as hierarchical labeling of regions in the image. The control strategies are capable of postponing the recognition process of an object if the confidence in the matching process is not high enough to label the object according to the model.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Oxidative Stress in Oral Diseases: Understanding Its Relation with Other Systemic Diseases (2017)

Oxidative stress occurs in diabetes, various cancers, liver diseases, stroke, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic inflammation, and other degenerative diseases related to the nervous system. The free radicals have deleterious effect on various organs of the body. This is due to lipid peroxidation and irreversible protein modification that leads to cellular apoptosis or programmed cell death. During recent years, there is a rise in the oral diseases related to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress in oral disease is related to other systemic diseases in the body such as periodontitis, cardiovascular, pancreatic, gastric, and liver diseases. In the present review, we discuss the various pathways that mediate oxidative cellular damage. Numerous pathways mediate oxidative cellular damage and these include caspase pathway, PERK/NRF2 pathway, NADPH oxidase 4 pathways and JNK/mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway. We also discuss the role of inflammatory markers, lipid peroxidation, and role of oxygen species linked to oxidative stress. Knowledge of different pathways, role of inflammatory markers, and importance of low-density lipoprotein, fibrinogen, creatinine, nitric oxide, nitrates, and highly sensitive C-reactive proteins may be helpful in understanding the pathogenesis and plan better treatment for oral diseases which involve oxidative stress.
View selection in Semantic Web databases (2011)

We consider the setting of a Semantic Web database, containing both explicit data encoded in RDF triples, and implicit data, implied by the RDF semantics. Based on a query workload, we address the problem of selecting a set of views to be materialized in the database, minimizing a combination of query processing, view storage, and view maintenance costs. Starting from an existing relational view selection method, we devise new algorithms for recommending view sets, and show that they scale significantly beyond the existing relational ones when adapted to the RDF context. To account for implicit triples in query answers, we propose a novel RDF query reformulation algorithm and an innovative way of incorporating it into view selection in order to avoid a combinatorial explosion in the complexity of the selection process. The interest of our techniques is demonstrated through a set of experiments.
Generic wind estimation and compensation based on NLGA and RBF-NN (2014)

This paper proposes a solution to the aircraft control problem during landing phases in presence of microburst wind shear. This work addresses the design of an adaptive controller which, exploiting the wind estimation provided by suitable filters, improves the flight safety and is able to accomplish the final approach phase even in presence of wind shear. The adaptive controller has been designed by using a backstepping approach and a feedback linearization for time-varying systems. The wind components are estimated by adaptive filters designed by using the tools of both the nonlinear geometric approach and the radial basis function neural network.
THALLIUM KINETICS IN RAT CARDIAC TRANSPLANT REJECTION (1988)

Cardiac transplant rejection is a very complex process involving both cellular and vascular injury. Recently, thallium imaging has been used to assess acute transplant rejection. It has been suggested that changes in thallium kinetics might be a sensitive indicator of transplant rejection. Accordingly, thallium kinetics were assessed in vivo in acute untreated rat heterotopic (cervical) transplant rejection. Male Lewis rats weighing 225-250 g received heterotopic heart transplants from syngeneic Lewis rats (group A; n = 13), or allogeneic Brown Norway rats (group B; n = 11). Rats were imaged serially on the 2nd and the 7th postoperative days. Serial cardiac thallium content was determined utilizing data collected every 150 sec for 2 hr. The data were fit to a monoexponential curve and the decay rate constant (/sec) derived. By day 7 all group B hearts had histological evidence of severe acute rejection, and demonstrated decreased global contraction. Group A hearts showed normal histology and contractility. However, thallium uptakes and washout of the two groups were the same. Peak thallium uptake of group B was +/- 3758 1166 counts compared with 3553 +/- 950 counts in the control group A (P = 0.6395); The 2-hr percentage of washout was 12.1 +/- 1.04 compared with 12.1 +/- 9.3 (P = 1.0000); and the decay constant was -0.00002065 +/- 0.00001799 compared with -0.00002202 +/- 0.00001508 (P = 0.8409). These data indicate that in vivo global thallium kinetics are preserved during mild-to-severe acute transplant rejection. These findings suggest that the complex cellular and extracellular processes of acute rejection limit the usefulness of thallium kinetics in the detection of acute transplant rejection.
Primates (1988)

Nonhuman primates demonstrate marked similarities to humans in almost all aspects of their anatomy, endocrinology, and physiology. These similarities underlie the value of these animals for appropriate studies in neurobiology, immunology, pathology, reproductive biology, teratology, neonatology, endocrinology, cardiology, and psychology. Investigations with nonhuman primates has made, and continues to make, significant contributions to biomedical and behavioral research. This review provides an overview of basic and applied studies for which primates are appropriate subjects and a summary of the advantages and problems of using nonhuman primates in research.
Molecular Analysis of Upper Tract and Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma: Results from a Microarray Comparison (2015)

This study provides evidence for molecular differences between upper tract and bladder urothelial carcinoma, some of which contribute to oncologic-relevant pathways. Upper tract tumors tended to express genes consistent with a luminal subtype. We also identify a marker, SLITRK6, as a potential target for patients with advanced upper tract urothelial carcinoma.
Maintenance of Intestinal Th17 Cells and Reduced Microbial Translocation in SIV-infected Rhesus Macaques Treated with Interleukin (IL)-21 (2013)

In pathogenic HIV and SIV infections of humans and rhesus macaques (RMs), preferential depletion of CD4⁺ Th17 cells correlates with mucosal immune dysfunction and disease progression. Interleukin (IL)-21 promotes differentiation of Th17 cells, long-term maintenance of functional CD8⁺ T cells, and differentiation of memory B cells and antibody-secreting plasma cells. We hypothesized that administration of IL-21 will improve mucosal function in the context of pathogenic HIV/SIV infections. To test this hypothesis, we infected 12 RMs with SIV(mac239) and at day 14 post-infection treated six of them with rhesus rIL-21-IgFc. IL-21-treatment was safe and did not increase plasma viral load or systemic immune activation. Compared to untreated animals, IL-21-treated RMs showed (i) higher expression of perforin and granzyme B in total and SIV-specific CD8⁺ T cells and (ii) higher levels of intestinal Th17 cells. Remarkably, increased levels of Th17 cells were associated with reduced levels of intestinal T cell proliferation, microbial translocation and systemic activation/inflammation in the chronic infection. In conclusion, IL-21-treatment in SIV-infected RMs improved mucosal immune function through enhanced preservation of Th17 cells. Further preclinical studies of IL-21 may be warranted to test its potential use during chronic infection in conjunction with antiretroviral therapy.