gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Parallel Fabrication of Nanogap Electrodes (2007)

We have developed a technique for simultaneously fabricating large numbers of nanogaps in a single processing step using feedback-controlled electromigration. Parallel nanogap formation is achieved by a balanced simultaneous process that uses a novel arrangement of nanoscale shorts between narrow constrictions where the nanogaps form. Because of this balancing, the fabrication of multiple nanoelectrodes is similar to that of a single nanogap junction. The technique should be useful for constructing complex circuits of molecular-scale electronic devices.
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Activate Quiescent Inflammatory Bowel Disease (1987)

Four patients with quiescent inflammatory bowel disease had prompt exacerbations when given nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can have noxious effects on the distal intestine as well as on the proximal gut. Eight previous cases of exacerbation of ulcerative colitis have been reported, as have instances of de-novo colitis and ileitis in persons treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs who did not have preexisting inflammatory bowel disease. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug ingestion should be considered in the differential diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease. These drugs should be administered to patients with inflammatory bowel disease only after consideration of their possible harmful effects.
A Draft Sequence of the Rice Genome ( <i>Oryza sativa</i> L. ssp. <i>indica</i> ) (2002)

The genome of the japonica subspecies of rice, an important cereal and model monocot, was sequenced and assembled by whole-genome shotgun sequencing. The assembled sequence covers 93% of the 420-megabase genome. Gene predictions on the assembled sequence suggest that the genome contains 32,000 to 50,000 genes. Homologs of 98% of the known maize, wheat, and barley proteins are found in rice. Synteny and gene homology between rice and the other cereal genomes are extensive, whereas synteny with Arabidopsis is limited. Assignment of candidate rice orthologs to Arabidopsis genes is possible in many cases. The rice genome sequence provides a foundation for the improvement of cereals, our most important crops.
A β-Tubulin Mutation Selectively Uncouples Nuclear Division and Cytokinesis in <i>Tetrahymena thermophila</i> (2004)

The ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila contains two distinct nuclei within a single cell-the mitotic micronucleus and the amitotic macronucleus. Although microtubules are required for proper division of both nuclei, macronuclear chromosomes lack centromeres and the role of microtubules in macronuclear division has not been established. Here we describe nuclear division defects in cells expressing a mutant beta-tubulin allele that confers hypersensitivity to the microtubule-stabilizing drug paclitaxel. Macronuclear division is profoundly affected by the btu1-1 (K350M) mutation, producing cells with widely variable DNA contents, including cells that lack macronuclei entirely. Protein expressed by the btu1-1 allele is dominant over wild-type protein expressed by the BTU2 locus. Normal macronuclear division is restored when the btu1-1 allele is inactivated by targeted disruption or expressed as a truncated protein. Immunofluorescence studies reveal elongated microtubular structures that surround macronuclei that fail to migrate to the cleavage furrows. In contrast, other cytoplasmic microtubule-dependent processes, such as cytokinesis, cortical patterning, and oral apparatus assembly, appear to be unaffected in the mutant. Micronuclear division is also perturbed in the K350M mutant, producing nuclei with elongated early-anaphase spindle configurations that persist well after the initiation of cytokinesis. The K350M mutation affects tubulin dynamics, as the macronuclear division defect is exacerbated by three treatments that promote microtubule polymerization: (i) elevated temperatures, (ii) sublethal concentrations of paclitaxel, and (iii) high concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide. Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) with 3-methyladenine or wortmannin also induces amacronucleate cell formation in a btu1-1-dependent manner. Conversely, the myosin light chain kinase inhibitor ML-7 has no effect on nuclear division in the btu1-1 mutant strain. These findings provide new insights into microtubule dynamics and link the evolutionarily conserved PI 3-kinase signaling pathway to nuclear migration and/or division in Tetrahymena.
Floating Random Walk-Based Capacitance Simulation Considering General Floating Metals (2017)

Accurate capacitance calculation for structures including floating metals is of great interest to both the modeling of interconnect wires and the verification of on-chip capacitors in the design of integrated circuit. The former problem involves regular-shape or cuboid floating dummy fills, and has been addressed with an existing fast algorithm based on floating random walk (FRW) method. The latter problem involves floating metals in more general and complex shape, and is crucial for the design of high-density metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitor which endures higher voltage. How to efficiently handle these general-shape floating metals becomes a challenge. In this paper, we first investigate the mechanism of the existing FRW-based approach for handling floating dummies, and then propose an approach based on the central difference formula for handling the general-shape floating metals. The proposed approach has comparable cost to the existing work, but is much more reliable and accurate. Experiments on the structures with floating dummies and MIM capacitor structures have validated the effectiveness and advantage of the proposed approach.
Hydroxyl radical is not a product of the reaction of xanthine oxidase and xanthine. The confounding problem of adventitious iron bound to xanthine oxidase. (1990)

The reaction of xanthine and xanthine oxidase generates superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. In contrast to earlier works, recent spin trapping data (Kuppusamy, P., and Zweier, J.L. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 9880-9884) suggested that hydroxyl radical may also be a product of this reaction. Determining if hydroxyl radical results directly from the xanthine/xanthine oxidase reaction is important for 1) interpreting experimental data in which this reaction is used as a model of oxidant stress, and 2) understanding the pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion injury. Consequently, we evaluated the conditions required for hydroxyl radical generation during the oxidation of xanthine by xanthine oxidase. Following the addition of some, but not all, commercial preparations of xanthine oxidase to a mixture of xanthine, deferoxamine, and either 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide or a combination of alpha-phenyl-N-tert-butyl-nitrone and dimethyl sulfoxide, hydroxyl radical-derived spin adducts were detected. With other preparations, no evidence of hydroxyl radical formation was noted. Xanthine oxidase preparations that generated hydroxyl radical had greater iron associated with them, suggesting that adventitious iron was a possible contributing factor. Consistent with this hypothesis, addition of H2O2, in the absence of xanthine, to "high iron" xanthine oxidase preparations generated hydroxyl radical. Substitution of a different iron chelator, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid for deferoxamine, or preincubation of high iron xanthine oxidase preparations with chelating resin, or overnight dialysis of the enzyme against deferoxamine decreased or eliminated hydroxyl radical generation without altering the rate of superoxide production. Therefore, hydroxyl radical does not appear to be a product of the oxidation of xanthine by xanthine oxidase. However, commercial xanthine oxidase preparations may contain adventitious iron bound to the enzyme, which can catalyze hydroxyl radical formation from hydrogen peroxide.
Real-time Soft Body 3D Proprioception via Deep Vision-based Sensing (2019)

Soft bodies made from flexible and deformable materials are popular in many robotics applications, but their proprioceptive sensing has been a long-standing challenge. In other words, there has hardly been a method to measure and model the high-dimensional 3D shapes of soft bodies with internal sensors. We propose a framework to measure the high-resolution 3D shapes of soft bodies in real-time with embedded cameras. The cameras capture visual patterns inside a soft body, and a convolutional neural network (CNN) produces a latent code representing the deformation state, which can then be used to reconstruct the body's 3D shape using another neural network. We test the framework on various soft bodies, such as a Baymax-shaped toy, a latex balloon, and some soft robot fingers, and achieve real-time computation ($\leq$2.5ms/frame) for robust shape estimation with high precision ($\leq$1% relative error) and high resolution. We believe the method could be applied to soft robotics and human-robot interaction for proprioceptive shape sensing. Our code is available at https://ai4ce.github.io/Deep-Soft-Prorioception/
Six-Minute Walk Test demonstrates motor fatigue in spinal muscular atrophy (2010)

The Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) can be safely performed in ambulatory patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), correlates with established outcome measures, and is sensitive to fatigue-related changes. The 6MWT is a promising candidate outcome measure for clinical trials in ambulatory subjects with SMA.
Outdoor Positioning Algorithms Based on LTE and WiFi Measurements (2016)

This scientific work focuses on outdoor positioning in WLAN and 4G wireless cellular networks based on extensive collection of radio measurements from WiFi and LTE signals, supplied with Global Positioning System location information and time stamp.\nThe objective of work is to explore the performance of different RSS-based outdoor positioning algorithms in terms of distance error and database. The objective includes, through simulating experiments, to verify if accuracy is in compliance with the E911 requirements. The scope of the research is to establish an energy-efficient and low-latency solution for accurate and reliable outdoor positioning based on cellular networks.\nTwo probabilistic models based on coverage-area and path-loss are studied and implemented whereas the more common deterministic model based on classical-fingerprinting is used as benchmark for assessing the performance. The advantage of using probabilistic model over deterministic is that only few parameters per transmitter identification need to be stored and hence there is a significant reduction of the database size. Results show that statistical models suffer accuracy loss to some extent but nevertheless, the decrease in accuracy is not significant with respect to the requirements imposed by FCC.
Induction Machine Design Methodology for Self-Sensing: Balancing Saliencies and Power Conversion Properties (2010)

Zero-to-low-speed flux/rotor-position self-sensing techniques rely on the interaction of saliencies (asymmetries) with an injected signal or special switching pattern in the inverter to produce a response which contains information about the location of the saliency. In this paper, three types of deterministic spatial rotor position saliencies are introduced into an induction machine (IM). The saliencies were created by modulating the following: 1) the rotor bridge opening width; 2) the rotor bridge opening height; and 3) the rotor bridge opening fill. The influence of saliency geometric design variables on the self-sensing and power conversion properties is determined using a design of experiments and response surface methodology. An example IM design, which maximizes the self-sensing properties while preserving power conversion abilities, is presented. Modulation of the rotor bridge fill appears to be the least desirable saliency type. Both rotor bridge opening width and height modulations can be used successfully, but the rotor bridge opening width modulation requires extra simulations to characterize the self-sensing properties.
Differential Cytokine Regulatory Effect of Three Lactobacillus Strains Isolated from Fermented Foods (2016)

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from fermented foods have potential as a treatment for immune-related disorders and the use of LAB has been increasing worldwide. In this study, the differential cytokine regulatory effect was examined with three isolates of lactobacilli strains; namely, Lactobacillus plantarum K55-5 isolated from dairy product, and L. sakei K101 and L. plantarum K8 previously isolated from kimchi (a Korean traditional fermented vegetable). Production of cytokines such as IL-10, IL-12, IFN-γ, and TNF-α was significantly increased in L. sakei K101- and L. plantarum K55-5-treated splenocytes as compared with controls. The oral administration of L. sakei K101 and L. plantarum K55-5 increased cytokine production in the immunosuppressed mouse splenocytes and blood. NK cell cytotoxic activity was also increased in L. sakei K101- and L. plantarum K55-5-fed mice. On the other hand, L. plantarum K8 did not affect cytokine induction in all the experiments performed in this study. The cytokine-inducing effect of L. plantarum K55-5 was significantly increased by lysates of heat-killed bacteria as compared with live, heat-killed, or supernatant of cell lysates. TNF-α production by lipoteichoic acids (LTAs) isolated from the three isolates of lactobacilli was compared, and it was found that K55-5 LTA had a highest cytokine-inducing ability, which was mediated by TLR2-mediated NF-κB and ERK activation. Taken together, our study suggests that L. plantarum K55-5 and L. sakei K101 can be used for the treatment of immunosuppressed disorders.
Automatic white balancing using luminance component and standard deviation of RGB components (2004)

Automatic white balancing is an essential image pre-processing component in consumer digital still cameras, and it can greatly improve the final image quality of the captured image. In this paper, a novel automatic white balancing algorithm based on both luminance component and standard deviation of RGB components of the precaptured image is proposed. A light source model for evaluation of an automatic white balancing is also described. The simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm can improve the final image quality of the captured image.
Spectroscopy and Electronic Structure of Electron Deficient Zinc Phthalocyanines (2003)

The effect of introduction of perfluoro alkyl groups into phthalocyanines, as evidenced by the spectroscopic properties of 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octa-fluoro-2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octa-perfluoro isopropyl zinc phthalocyanine, ZnF(64)Pc(-2) and its ring-reduced radical anion species, [ZnF(64)Pc(-3)](-), are reported. A combination of UV-visible absorption and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy, ESI and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry, and complete theoretical calculations using INDO/S and DFT techniques reveals that the substitution of all sixteen hydrogen atoms in protio ZnPc(-2) by eight F and eight i-C(3)F(7) groups red shifts the Q and pi --> pi transitions and narrows the HOMO-LUMO gap while simultaneously preventing ring photooxidation and stabilizing the radical anion. The [ZnF(64)Pc(-3)](-) species, which is in equilibrium in solution with the neutral complex when a reducing agent is present, is unusually stable. The above effects are attributed to the strong electron withdrawing properties of the peripheral substituents, which render ZnF(64)Pc extremely electron deficient.
Experimental investigation of the BAW device potentials of singly rotated Y-cut ordered Langasite-structure crystals (2003)

This paper discusses the results from two rounds of experimental mapping (with gross and refined incremental cut angle) for BAW device potentials of singly rotated Y-cut plates of the ordered Langasite-structure compounds CNGS, CTGS, SNGS, and STGS. Identical groups of singly rotated Y-cut plano-plano test resonators were fabricated with cut angles ranging from -60/spl deg/ to +60/spl deg/ at 15/spl deg/ and 3/spl deg/ increments. Room temperature equivalent circuit parameters and normalized frequency versus temperature were measured and compared. The data collected are examined in term of three primary factors for BAW device potentials, namely, the electromechanical coupling strength, the acoustic loss (or the Q/spl middot/f product), and the existence of temperature compensated orientation. The results are also compared with a group of AT-cut quartz references of the same design. As anticipated, based on the order-disorder physical arguments, strong electro-mechanical coupling strength (more than 4 times that of AT) and low acoustic loss (in one CNGS case the highest Q/spl middot/f product reaches 3.8 times that of AT, higher even than the best reported for Langatate) were observed.
Reconstruction of massive defects in the head and neck: The role of simultaneous distant and regional flaps (1997)

When planned and applied in a stepwise fashion, simultaneous free flaps and regional flaps are complimentary for the reconstruction of complex wounds in the head and neck.
Effective shrinkage of large multi-class linear svm models for text categorization (2008)

When linear support vector machines (SVMs) are applied to multi-class text categorization in industry, the size of the linear SVM model is very large, usually greater than several gigabytes. As a result, the model cannot directly fit into the computer memory and the classification process is slow. In this paper, a novel method based on vector norm is proposed to shrink the model size significantly without sacrificing the classification accuracy. Also, we propose a cache-efficient implementation of multi-class linear SVMs in the classification phase. Our experimental results have shown that on Yahoo-Korea dataset the proposed method can shrink the model size from 5.2 gigabytes to 260 megabytes and the efficient implementation of linear SVM has obtained a speedup factor of 44.
Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide‐induced inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase‐2 gene expression by 5‐aminoimidazole‐4‐carboxamide riboside is independent of AMP‐activated protein kinase (2007)

Recent studies suggest AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an enzyme involved in energy homeostasis, might be a novel signaling pathway in regulating inflammatory response, but the precise intracellular mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we have demonstrated that 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside (AICAR), an activator of AMPK, inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in macrophages and microglial cells at the gene transcription level. Data obtained from electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and promoter activity assay have further confirmed the ability of AICAR to block LPS-mediated NF-kappaB, AP-1, CREB, and C/EBPbeta activation. However, AICAR did not affect LPS-mediated IKK, ERK, and p38 activation. Regardless of the ability of AICAR to activate AMPK, the inhibitory effects of AICAR on iNOS and COX-2 expression were not associated with AMPK. An adenosine kinase inhibitor 5'-iodotubercidin, which effectively abolished AMPK activation caused by AICAR, did not reverse the anti-inflammatory effect of AICAR. Moreover, another AMPK activator metformin was not able to mimic the effects of AICAR. Direct addition of AICAR in EMSA assay interrupted binding of NF-kappaB, CREB, and C/EBPbeta to specific DNA elements. Taken together, this study demonstrates that the anti-inflammatory effects of AICAR against LPS-induced iNOS and COX-2 gene transcription are not associated with AMPK activation, but might be resulting from the direct interference with DNA binding to transcription factors.
An influence of new arc quenching methods for improving the interrupting capacity of low voltage circuit breaker (2011)

Low voltage circuit breakers are widely used in power distribution systems for rapid interruption of fault currents to assure the reliability of the power supply. While power distribution systems are demanding transformers with higher capacity than ever, there is an increase in the number of short-circuit current accidents. To prevent such accidents, molded case circuit breakers with improved short-circuit current interrupting capacity are needed.
Boll weevil feeding deterrents from tung oil (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBoll weevil feeding deterrents from tung oilMartin Jacobson, Maxwell M. Crystal, and J. David Warthen Jr.Cite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1981, 29, 3, 591–593Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00105a039https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00105a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views63Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Room Temperature Solution Synthesis of Monodispersed Single-Crystalline ZnO Nanorods and Derived Hierarchical Nanostructures (2004)

In this work, we report a room temperature wet-chemical approach to synthesize highly regulated, monodispersed ZnO nanorods and derived hierarchical nanostructures. In particular, ZnO has been prepared into single-crystalline conical or prismatic nanorods, and various hierarchical structures such as hexagonally branched, reversed umbrella-type, and cactus-like ZnO nanostructures comprising individual c-oriented nanorods. Depending on the synthetic conditions used, the diameter of nanorods can be controlled with a size down to 10-30 nm, while the aspect ratio can be controlled up to 50-100. Various preparative parameters, such as initial reactant concentrations, solvents, ligands, surfactants, precursor salts, and reaction time, have been systematically examined. Due to slow reactions at room temperature, excellent crystallinity and high morphological yield (100% in most cases) have been achieved via tuning the synthetic parameters. Our photoluminescence and UV measurements also confirm the attained crystal perfection and size uniformity.
Amazon Product Reviews Helpfulness Prediction (2019)

E-commerce business become successful by offering people convenient online experience as well as providing tens of thousands of crowd-sourced reviews that are written by customers and users about their experiences and opinions regarding the products or the services they paid for. For an online shopping website, such as Amazon.com, it is very important to recommend high-quality product reviews to the website users because customers make decisions based on what they read from the reviews. However, there are simply way too many reviews out there, and it would be a dreadful task for anyone to read them all. In this paper, we try to build a logistic regression model that can than predict helpfulness of reviews.