gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>Anaplasma platys</i> Immunoblot Test Using Major Surface Antigens (2016)

Anaplasma platys is an uncultivable tick-borne obligatory intracellular bacterium, which is known to infect platelets of dogs. A. platys causes infectious canine cyclic thrombocytopenia in subtropical and tropical regions throughout the world. Several cases of human infection with A. platys infection have also been reported. However, seroprevalence of A. platys exposure and infection has not been determined in most of the regions, in part, due to lack of a simple and reliable assay method. Furthermore, A. platys antigens recognized by dogs are unknown. We previously sequenced gene encoding A. platys major outer membrane proteins P44 and Omp-1X. In the present study, we obtained purified recombinant A. platys P44 and Omp-1X proteins, and using them as antigens in immunoblotting examined seroreactivity in dogs. Of 34 specimens from Venezuela where A. platys infection was previously reported, 25 specimens (73.5%) reacted to rAplP44 and/or rAplOMP-1X. Neither Anaplasma phagocytophilum-seropositive (N = 10) nor A. phagocytophilum-seronegative canine specimens (N = 10) from the geographic regions where A. platys infection has never been reported, reacted rAplP44 or rAplOMP-1X. The result indicates a high A. platys seroprevalence rate in tested dogs from Venezuela and suggests that the immunoblot analysis based on recombinant A. platys major outer membrane proteins can provide a simple and defined tool to enlighten the prevalence of A. platys infection.
The role of honey in the management of wounds (1999)

A review of the evidence on the advantages of using honey as a topical wound treatment together with practical recommendations for its clinical use.
Holographic data storage systems implemented with photorefractive materials (2002)

In this paper, we review the state-of-the-art in holographic data storage, with particular emphasis on the interplay between materials and systems issues. In a generic configuration, a reference and object beam are incident on a recording medium. Electronic digital bit streams are impressed onto a laser beam via a spatial light modulator (SLM) in the form of 2-D digital bit patterns or pages. Multiple pages are superimposed in a stack by angular, phase or wavelength encoding in the Fourier domain. The total recording volume is addressed by scanning both writing beams across the surface of the storage medium. Readout in each stack is achieved by capturing the reconstructed bit pattern on a CCD or other suitable detector array. The medium may consist of a monolithic single crystal or a mozaic of fibers ordered in a regular pattern.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Inhibition of MAP kinase/NF-kB mediated signaling and attenuation of lipopolysaccharide induced severe sepsis by cerium oxide nanoparticles (2015)

Sepsis is a life threatening disease that is associated with high mortality. Existing treatments have failed to improve survivability in septic patients. The purpose of this present study is to evaluate whether cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) can prevent lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced severe sepsis mortality by preventing hepatic dysfunction in male Sprague Dawley rats. Administration of a single dose (0.5 mg/kg) of CeO2NPs intravenously to septic rats significantly improved survival rates and functioned to restore body temperature, respiratory rate and blood pressure towards baseline. Treatment-induced increases in animal survivability were associated with decreased hepatic damage along with reductions in serum cytokines/chemokines, and diminished inflammatory related signaling. Kupffer cells and macrophage cells exposed to CeO2NPs exhibited decreases in LPS-induced cytokine release (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, HMGB1) which were associated with diminished cellular ROS, reduced levels of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), and decreased nuclear factor-kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) transcriptional activity. The findings of this study indicate that CeO2NPs may be useful as a therapeutic agent for sepsis.
Sentence Compression by Deletion with LSTMs (2015)

We present an LSTM approach to deletion-based sentence compression where the task is to translate a sentence into a sequence of zeros and ones, corresponding to token deletion decisions. We demonstrate that even the most basic version of the system, which is given no syntactic information (no PoS or NE tags, or dependencies) or desired compression length, performs surprisingly well: around 30% of the compressions from a large test set could be regenerated. We compare the LSTM system with a competitive baseline which is trained on the same amount of data but is additionally provided with all kinds of linguistic features. In an experiment with human raters the LSTMbased model outperforms the baseline achieving 4.5 in readability and 3.8 in informativeness.
Roles of <i>Mycobacterium smegmatis</i> <scp>d</scp> -Alanine: <scp>d</scp> -Alanine Ligase and <scp>d</scp> -Alanine Racemase in the Mechanisms of Action of and Resistance to the Peptidoglycan Inhibitor <scp>d</scp> -Cycloserine (2002)

D-Cycloserine (DCS) targets the peptidoglycan biosynthetic enzymes D-alanine racemase (Alr) and D-alanine:D-alanine ligase (Ddl). Previously, we demonstrated that the overproduction of Alr in Mycobacterium smegmatis determines a DCS resistance phenotype. In this study, we investigated the roles of both Alr and Ddl in the mechanisms of action of and resistance to DCS in M. smegmatis. We found that the overexpression of either the M. smegmatis or the Mycobacterium tuberculosis ddl gene in M. smegmatis confers resistance to DCS, but at lower levels than the overexpression of the alr gene. Furthermore, a strain overexpressing both the alr and ddl genes displayed an eightfold-higher level of resistance. To test the hypothesis that inhibition of Alr by DCS decreases the intracellular pool of D-alanine, we determined the alanine pools in M. smegmatis wild-type and recombinant strains with or without DCS treatment. Alr-overproducing strain GPM14 cells not exposed to DCS displayed almost equimolar amounts of L- and D-alanine in the steady state. The wild-type strain and Ddl-overproducing strains contained a twofold excess of L- over D-alanine. In all strains, DCS treatment led to a significant accumulation of L-alanine and a concomitant decease of D-alanine, with approximately a 20-fold excess of L-alanine in the Ddl-overproducing strains. These data suggest that Ddl is not significantly inhibited by DCS at concentrations that inhibit Alr. This study is of significance for the identification of the lethal target(s) of DCS and the development of novel drugs targeting the D-alanine branch of mycobacterial peptidoglycan biosynthesis.
Layer disordering and doping compensation of an intersubband AlGaN/AlN superlattice by silicon implantation (2014)

Layer disordering and doping compensation of an Al0.028Ga0.972N/AlN superlattice by implantation are demonstrated. The as-grown sample exhibits intersubband absorption at ∼1.56 μm which is modified when subject to a silicon implantation. After implantation, the intersubband absorption decreases and shifts to longer wavelengths. Also, with increasing implant dose, the intersubband absorption decreases. It is shown that both layer disordering of the heterointerfaces and doping compensation from the vacancies produced during the implantation cause the changes in the intersubband absorption. Such a method is useful for removing absorption in spatially defined areas of III-nitride optoelectronic devices by, for example, creating low-loss optical waveguides monolithically that can be integrated with as-grown areas operating as electro-absorption intersubband modulators.
Development of a Modular Automated System for Maintenance and Differentiation of Adherent Human Pluripotent Stem Cells (2017)

Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have tremendous potential for development of regenerative medicine, disease modeling, and drug discovery. However, the processes of reprogramming, maintenance, and differentiation are labor intensive and subject to intertechnician variability. To address these issues, we established and optimized protocols to allow for the automated maintenance of reprogrammed somatic cells into iPSCs to enable the large-scale culture and passaging of human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) using a customized TECAN Freedom EVO. Generation of iPSCs was performed offline by nucleofection followed by selection of TRA-1-60-positive cells using a Miltenyi MultiMACS24 Separator. Pluripotency markers were assessed to confirm pluripotency of the generated iPSCs. Passaging was performed using an enzyme-free dissociation method. Proof of concept of differentiation was obtained by differentiating human PSCs into cells of the retinal lineage. Key advantages of this automated approach are the ability to increase sample size, reduce variability during reprogramming or differentiation, and enable medium- to high-throughput analysis of human PSCs and derivatives. These techniques will become increasingly important with the emergence of clinical trials using stem cells.
Solidification of 3D Printed Nanofibril Hydrogels into Functional 3D Cellulose Structures (2016)

Cellulose nanofibrils isolated from trees have the potential to be used as raw material for future sustainable products within the areas of packaging, textiles, biomedical devices, and furniture. However, one unsolved problem has been to convert the nanofibril‐hydrogel into a dry 3D structure. In this study, 3D printing is used to convert a cellulose nanofibril hydrogel into 3D structures with controlled architectures. Such structures collapse upon drying, but by using different drying processes the collapse can be controlled and the 3D structure can be preserved upon solidification. In addition, a conductive cellulose nanofibril ink is fabricated by adding carbon nanotubes. These findings enable the use of wood derived materials in 3D printing for fabrication of sustainable commodities such as packaging, textiles, biomedical devices, and furniture with conductive parts. Furthermore, with the introduction of biopolymers into 3D printing, the 3D printing technology itself can finally be regarded as sustainable.
Active Suppression Of Vibrations On Elastic Beams (1993)

Pairs of colocated piezoelectric transducers, independently controlled by multichannel adaptive controller, employed as actuators and sensors to achieve simultaneous attenuation of both extensional and flexural motion. Single pair used to provide simultaneous control of flexural and extensional waves, or two pairs used to control torsional motion also. Capability due to nature of piezoelectric transducers, when bonded to surfaces of structures and activated by oscillating voltages, generate corresponding oscillating distributions of stresses in structures. Phases and amplitudes of actuator voltages adjusted by controller to impede flow of vibrational energy simultaneously, in waves of various forms, beyond locations of actuators. Concept applies equally to harmonic or random response of structure and to multiple responses of structure to transverse bending, torsion, and compression within structural element. System has potential for many situations in which predominant vibration transmission path through framelike structure.
A mouse model of pemphigus vulgaris by adoptive transfer of naive splenocytes from desmoglein 3 knockout mice (2004)

Dsg3-specific naive lymphocytes in Dsg3(-/-) mice can be primed and activated by the endogenous Dsg3 in recipient mice to produce pathogenic anti-Dsg3 IgG without active immunization. This approach using naive lymphocytes provides a unique model to dissect immunological mechanisms of tolerance against peripheral autoimmune targets.
Pipelines for HDR Video Coding Based on Luminance Independent Chromaticity Preprocessing (2017)

We consider the chromaticity in high dynamic range (HDR) video coding and show the advantages of a constant luminance color space for encoding. For this, we introduce two constant luminance HDR video coding pipelines, which convert the source video to linear Yu'v'. A content dependent scaling of the chromaticity components serves as color quality parameter. This reduces perceivable color artifacts while remaining fully compatible with core High Efficiency Video Coding or other video coding standards. One of the pipelines further combines the scaling with a dedicated chromaticity transform to optimize the representation of the chromaticity components for encoding. We validate both pipelines with subjective user studies in addition to an objective comparison to the other state-of-the-art methods. The user studies show a significant improvement in perceived color quality at medium to high compression rates without sacrificing luminance quality compared with current standard coding pipelines. The objective evaluation suggests that both pipelines perform at least comparable to the current state-of-the-art methods.
A new PSS design and identification for global coverage multi-beam S-LTE using generalized Zadoff-Chu sequences (2013)

The original Zadoff-Chu sequences are firstly generalized to obtain more candidate sequences with good correlation properties for Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) of LTE. Then, a new PSS sequence design method for global coverage multi-beam satellite LTE (S-LTE) using generalized Zadoff-Chu sequences is proposed. Furthermore, an efficient and low-complexity PSS identification algorithm is presented. Finally, simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Study of a New Caries Activity test. In vitro Test of the Test Solution S-3105 (1980)

Many caries activity tests have been devised and developed, but they have some disadvantage for routine use. In the present study, we attempted to develop a new caries activity test which everyone could use conveniently and rapidly.Various test solutions which were composed of pH indicators, carbohydrates, and anti-microbial agents were prepared. The test solutions were inoculated with cariogenic microorganisms such as St. mutans and pH change or color change of test solutions were measured.Among the test solutions, S-3105, which was composed of resazurin, sucrose, and sodium azide, could detect the acid production of cariogenic microorganisms clearly in 30 min. Color change and pH change of the test solution S-3105 were parallel and the color changed from bluish violet to reddish violet and then to pink. S-3105 was highly sensitive to St. mutans and L. casei but not to other microoraganisms.In the experiment using human dental pleque, a statistically significant correlation was found between the test results of S-3105 and Cariostat or the Snyder test. Also, in a clinical study with 27 children (3 to 5 years old), significant correlations were found between the test results and caries indices such as def (%) and caries severity index (CSI) as well as the results of Cariostat.From the above results, the test solution S-3105 was found to be able to detect the acid production of cariogenic microorganisms visually in 30 min. This test solution might be useful for diagnosis of caries activity and might also be used advantageously for educational and motivational purposes.
Hypolipidemic arylthioalkanoic acids (1977)

A series of arylthioalkanoic acids related to probucol was studied for hypolipidemic activity. Homologation of the alkyl side chain led to marked changes in the serum cholesterol and serum triglyceride lowering activity in rats with the best combination of properties appearing in compound 7, 2-[3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)thio]hexanoic acid. Modification of the ring substitution failed to improve the activity despite the empirical observation that lipophilic substitution was necessary. Removal of the phenolic hydroxyl produced compound 23 with properties similar to 7 but of somewhat lower activity. Replacement of the sulfur by oxygen increased the toxicity of the series. Resolution of racemic 7 did not change the activity of the compound. The LD50 in mice of 7 was between 5000 and 10 000 mg/kg and compound 7 has been submitted for human clinical evaluation.
A Design Tool for Estimating Passenger Ride Discomfort Within Complex Ride Environments (1980)

A series of experimental studies utilizing approximately 2200 test subjects has led to the development of a general empirical model for the prediction of passenger ride discomfort in the presence of complex noise and vibration inputs. The ranges of vibration and noise stimuli used to derive the model included the amplitudes and frequencies that are known to most influence passenger comfort. The ride quality model accounts for the effects of combined axis vibrations (up to three axes simultaneously) and includes corrections for the effect of vibration duration and interior noise. Output of the model consists of an estimate of the passenger discomfort produced by a given noise and/or vibration environment. The discomfort estimate is measured along a continuous scale that spans the range from below discomfort threshold to values of discomfort that are far above discomfort threshold.
Targeting Somatostatin Receptors: Preclinical Evaluation of Novel <sup>18</sup>F-Fluoroethyltriazole-Tyr<sup>3</sup>-Octreotate Analogs for PET (2011)

We have developed novel fluoroethyltriazole-Tyr(3)-octreotate radioligands that combine high specific binding with rapid target localization and rapid pharmacokinetics for high-contrast PET. (18)F-FET-βAG-TOCA and (18)F-FET-G-TOCA are candidates for future clinical evaluation.
DOCK2 regulates Rac activation and cytoskeletal reorganization through interaction with ELMO1 (2003)

Although the migratory property of lymphocytes is critical for protective immunity, tissue infiltration of lymphocytes sometimes causes harmful immune responses. DOCK2 plays a critical role in lymphocyte migration by regulating actin cytoskeleton through Rac activation, yet the mechanism by which DOCK2 activates Rac remains unknown. We found that DOCK2 associates with engulfment and cell motility (ELMO1) through its Src-homology 3 (SH3) domain. When DOCK2 was expressed in T-hybridoma cells lacking endogenous expression of DOCK2, Rac activation and actin polymerization were induced. However, such responses were not elicited by the DOCK2 mutant lacking the region required for ELMO1 binding. On the other hand, we found that the expression of ELMO1 induces Rac activation in the plasmacytoma cells expressing DOCK2 but not ELMO1. These results indicate that the association of DOCK2 with ELMO1 is critical for DOCK2-mediated Rac activation, thereby suggesting that their association might be a therapeutic target for immunologic disorders caused by lymphocyte infiltration.
Preparation of core-shell type cerium oxide/polymer hybrid nanoparticles for ink-jet printing (2009)

Recently, it has been reported that the spherical core-shell type cerium oxide/polymer hybrid nanoparticles which has a good dispersibility for water or alcohol can be obtained by using cerium nitrate hexahydrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone as source materials in the polyol method. This article presents 1) examination concerning raw materials for synthesis of the core-shell type nanoparticles, 2) flow properties of a dispersion sol of the core-shell type nanoparticles, and 3) experiment of ink-jet printing of the dispersion sol as an ink. First, we investigated whether the core-shell type nanoparticles were able to be obtained by using cerium (IV) ammonium nitrate instead of cerium (III) nitrate hexahydrate or hydroxypropyl cellulose instead of polyvinylpyrrolidone in the synthesis. As a result, in the case of using cerium (IV) ammonium nitrate, the spherical core-shell type nanoparticles were not able to be obtained. However, in the case of using hydroxypropyl cellulose, the core-shell type nanoparticles similar to the reported nanoparticles were able to be obtained. Therefore, it became clear that the synthesis condition for obtaining the core-shell type nanoparticles was not limited to using polyvinylpyrrolidone as a polymer. Next we investigated the flow properties of dispersion sols of the core-shell type nanoparticles synthesized by using cerium (III) nitrate hexahydrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone as starting materials. In the case of the dispersion sol with 4.3 vol% nanoparticle concentration using a mixing solution of water and ethylene glycol as a dispersion medium, the viscosity and surface tension were 5 mPa·s and 55 mN/m, respectively. Finally, it also became clear that the dispersion sols were able to be used for the ink-jet process for making patterns.
Adhesion of moving droplets in microchannels (2013)

When oil drops in a continuous water phase move from the hydrophilic to the hydrophobic section of a microchannel, they can be controlled to either adhere or not adhere on the channel by changing the capillary number. Using experiments and a model for the thin film flow, we show that the critical capillary number for adhesion is approximately Ca ∼ D3/4/d3/2, where D and d is the length of the droplet and the inner dimension of the microchannel, respectively. As one application of these ideas, droplet adhesion is demonstrated as a promising technology for recycling of emulsions in droplet microfluidics.
<i>MAPT</i> R406W increases tau T217 phosphorylation in absence of amyloid pathology (2021)

MAPT R406W is a tau mutation that leads to 3R+4R tauopathy similar to AD, but without amyloid neuropathology. These findings suggest that change in CSF pT217/T217 ratio is not specific to AD and might reflect common downstream tau pathophysiology common to 3R+4R tauopathies.
A 7Gb/s/link non-contact memory module for multi-drop bus system using energy-equipartitioned coupled transmission line (2012)

As computing power and speed increases, the demand for higher memory bandwidth increases as well. Recently, the memory interface has been improved up to 20Gb/s/link [1]. Considering PCB routing area, a multi-drop bus architecture is still preferable for large memory capacity to the point-to-point connection. However, the multi-drop approach suffers from performance degradations due to reflections at each stub. To mitigate this problem, reference [2] proposes an impedance-matched bidirectional multi-drop DQ bus architecture that is difficult to realize due to smaller series resistor if more than 4 modules are used. To avoid multi-reflections from each stub, other approaches have used coupled transmission lines (CTL) [3, 4]. While a horizontal directional coupler buried in the PCB was used [3], coupled traces on the bent loop of flex fixed to a module were used for signal delivery in vertical direction [4]. In [3], a long coupler with long main bus line was used so that the signal integrity degrades at the far-end coupler. In [4], the coupling traces on the motherboard and the flex have zigzag geometries for better misalignment tolerance, which result in large area of routing due to the minimum required pitch between traces. In [5], the CTL needs to be placed close to a Tx/Rx chip, as there are no extended transmission lines for signal lead. Therefore, it cannot be used for memory modules. DRAM multi-drop bus interface technology mapping is described in Fig. 2.8.1.
ChemInform Abstract: Lignin Valorization Through Catalytic Lignocellulose Fractionation: A Fundamental Platform for the Future Biorefinery (2016)

Abstract Review: [90 refs.