gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vitro and whole-plant magnitude and cross-resistance characterization of two imidazolinone-resistant sugarbeet (<i>Beta vulgaris</i>) somatic cell selections (1998)

Acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicide carryover in soil can severely affect sugarbeets grown in the year(s) following application. Two newly developed imidazolinone-resistant (IMI-R) sugarbeet somatic cell selections (Sir-13 and 93R30B) were examined for magnitude of resistance and extent of cross-resistance to other classes of ALS inhibitors and compared to a previously developed sulfonylurea-resistant (SU-R) selection, Sur. In vitro shoot culture tests indicated Sir-13 resistance was specific to imidazolinone (IMI) herbicides at approximately a 100-fold resistance compared to the sensitive control sugarbeet. Sur was 10,000-fold resistant to the sulfonylurea (SU) herbicide, chlorsulfuron, and 40-fold resistant to the triazolopyrimidine sulfonanilide (TP) herbicide, flumetsulam, but not cross-resistant to the IMI herbicides. 93R30B was selected for IMI-R from a plant homozygous for the SU-R allele, Sur , and displayed similar in vitro SU-R and TP-R as Sur, but also displayed a very high resistance to various IMI herbicides (400- to 3,600-fold). Compared to the sensitive control, Sir-13 was 300- and > 250-fold more resistant to imazethapyr and imazamox residues in soil, respectively. Response by whole plants to postemergence herbicide applications was similar to that observed in shoot cultures. Sir-13 exhibited > 100-fold resistance to imazethapyr as well as imazamox, and 93R30B showed > 250-fold resistance to both herbicides. 93R30B showed great enough resistance to imazamox to merit consideration of imazamox for use as a herbicide in these sugarbeets. Sir-13 showed a two- to threefold higher level of resistance in the homozygous vs. heterozygous state, indicating that like most ALS-inhibitor resistance traits, it was semidominantly inherited.
Thin-Entrance Window Process for Soft X-Ray Sensors (2021)

New free electron lasers, such as SLAC’s LCLS-II, will provide unique scientific imaging opportunities. In order to fully utilize these facilities, we need to develop detectors with shallow entrance windows that will enable detection of soft x-rays from 250 eV to 1.5 KeV. Achieving adequately shallow entrance windows is challenging because the high temperature anneal needed to activate the dopant also drives the dopant profile deeper, growing the region that is insensitive to soft x-rays. A new microwave annealing technology provides an efficient way to achieve shallow entrance windows in fully depleted high-resistivity silicon sensors. The microwave anneal technique can activate dopants at low substrate temperature, with minimal dopant diffusion, and can be used to fabricate both n-type and p-type entrance windows. SRP and SIMS measurements were used to verify dopant activation with negligible dopant diffusion. We then applied the microwave anneal process to a planar sensor wafer, using the new process to create the backside diode contact. Electrical test of the resulting sensors shows good reverse bias characteristics. The sensors have been bump-bonded to a read-out ASIC and used successfully to measure an Fe-55 x-ray spectrum. Process and device simulations were performed to characterize the quantum efficiency of the entrance window for soft x-rays. This technique is useful for other sensor applications requiring a shallow entrance window, including detectors for UV photons, low energy ions and low energy electrons.
High-Speed Plasmonic-Conductive Oxide-Silicon Modulator by Epsilon-Near-Zero Electro-Absorption (2019)

We designed and demonstrated a high-speed plasmonic-conductive oxide-silicon modulator using epsilon-near-zero electro-absorption, achieving modulation bandwidth of 3.5GHz and 4.5Gb/s data rate. The electro-absorption modulator covers the entire C-band from 1515 nm to 1580 nm wavelength.
MicroRNAs in the pathogeny of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (2007)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been linked to the initiation and progression of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). The main molecular alterations are represented by variations in gene expression, usually mild and with consequences for a vast number of target protein-coding genes. Recent studies have shown that miRNAs are the main candidates for the elusive class of CLL predisposing genes. These discoveries could be exploited for the development of useful markers for diagnosis and prognosis, as well as for the development of new RNA-based cancer therapies.
A low-power OOK ultra-wideband receiver with power cycling (2011)

This paper presents a 0.13 μm CMOS impulse radio ultra-wideband receiver which supports the on-off keying modulation scheme. The receiver includes a wideband low-noise amplifier, and allows for control of the integration window to accommodate different number of pulses per symbol at bandwidths of up to 10.6 GHz. A power cycling scheme is implemented to reduce the power consumption, and allows the system to operate within stringent power requirements. The receiver was simulated at data rates of 10 Mbps with a maximum simulated power usage of 4.5 mW. Power cycling reduces the power consumption by a factor of 3.3.
Enhancement of Odorant-Induced Responses in Olfactory Receptor Neurons by Zinc Nanoparticles (2009)

Zinc metal nanoparticles in picomolar concentrations strongly enhance odorant responses of olfactory sensory neurons. One- to 2-nm metallic particles contain 40-300 zinc metal atoms, which are not in an ionic state. We exposed rat olfactory epithelium to metal nanoparticles and measured odorant responses by electroolfactogram and whole-cell patch clamp. A small amount of zinc nanoparticles added to an odorant or an extracellular/intracellular particle perfusion strongly increases the odorant response in a dose-dependent manner. Zinc nanoparticles alone produce no odor effects. Copper, gold, or silver nanoparticles do not produce effects similar to those of zinc. If zinc nanoparticles are replaced by Zn(+2) ions in the same concentration range, we observed a reduction of the olfactory receptor neuron odorant response. Based on these observations, we hypothesize that zinc nanoparticles are closely located to the interface between the guanine nucleotide-binding protein and the receptor proteins and are involved in transferring signals in the initial events of olfaction. Our results suggest that zinc metal nanoparticles can be used to enhance and sustain the initial olfactory events.
A selective detection approach for copper(<scp>ii</scp>) ions using a hydrazone-based colorimetric sensor: spectroscopic and DFT study (2018)

The development of an efficient and miniaturized analytical approach to determine trace levels of toxic ions in aqueous fluids presents a current research challenge. Hydrazone-based chemosensors are considered potential candidates due to their high sensitivity and selectivity towards heavy metal ions. Computational techniques can be properly implemented to elucidate possible modes of ligand-metal interaction and provide an in-depth understanding of the chemistry involved. The present study reports the use of 3-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde-4-hydroxybenzoylhydrazone (3-HNHBH) ligand for highly sensitive, quick and re-usable colorimetric sensing of copper(ii) ions in aqueous media. DFT calculations suggest that the complexation of 3-HNHBH with copper(ii) ions adopts a seesaw coordination geometry and results in the largest HOMO-LUMO gap and most effective coulombic interaction compared to Zn and Ni counterparts. It demonstrated a high selectivity towards copper ions with a detection limit of 0.34 μg L<sup>-1</sup>. The ligand was readily regenerated using a 0.5 M HCl solution, indicating its feasibility to be used as a re-usable sensor for the convenient detection of copper ions in aqueous media. The influence of metal interference, pH and solvents on the selectivity and regeneration of the ligand was also investigated.
ConstructAide (2014)

We describe a set of tools for analyzing, visualizing, and assessing architectural/construction progress with unordered photo collections and 3D building models. With our interface, a user guides the registration of the model in one of the images, and our system automatically computes the alignment for the rest of the photos using a novel Structure-from-Motion (SfM) technique; images with nearby viewpoints are also brought into alignment with each other. After aligning the photo(s) and model(s), our system allows a user, such as a project manager or facility owner, to explore the construction site seamlessly in time, monitor the progress of construction, assess errors and deviations, and create photorealistic architectural visualizations. These interactions are facilitated by automatic reasoning performed by our system: static and dynamic occlusions are removed automatically, rendering information is collected, and semantic selection tools help guide user input. We also demonstrate that our user-assisted SfM method outperforms existing techniques on both real-world construction data and established multi-view datasets.
A new family of anion receptors and their effect on ion pair dissociation and conductivity of lithium salts in non-aqueous solutions (1995)

A new family of anion receptors based on aza-ether compounds have been synthesized. Since the anion complexation of these compounds is not based on either positively charged sites or hydrogen bonding, they have a potential to be used in lithium batteries as electrolyte additives. When these compounds are added to non-aqueous electrolytes with lithium salts, such as LiCl/THF or LiBr/THF, the ionic conductivity can be dramatically increased. Near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy studies show that Cl− anions are complexed with the nitrogen groups in these compounds. The increase in ionic conductivity and the degree of complexation, are both related to the number of R = CF3SO2 groups that are used to substitute the amine hydrogen atoms in these aza-ether compounds.
Photo-Deactivated Room Temperature Hydrogen Gas Sensitivity of Nanocrystalline Doped-Tin Oxide Sensor (2008)

Nanocrystalline indium oxide (In2O3)-doped tin oxide (SnO2) thin film is sol-gel dip-coated on the microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices as a room temperature hydrogen (H2) sensor. The effect of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on the room temperature H2 gas sensitivity of the present micro-sensor device is systematically studied. It is shown that the exposure to the UV-radiation results in the deterioration of the H2 gas sensitivity of the present sensor, which is in contrast with the earlier reports. Very high H2 gas sensitivity as high as 110×103 is observed, for 900 ppm H2, without exposing the sensor to the UV-radiation. In the presence of UV-radiation, however, the H2 gas sensitivity reduces to 200. The drastic reduction in the H2 gas sensitivity due to the UV-exposure is explained on the basis of the constitutive equation for the gas sensitivity of the nanocrystalline semiconductor oxides thin film sensors.
Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Synthesized with Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (2006)

A monomer for ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) has been developed that also functions as a portion of a GdIII chelating moiety for a magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent. An increase in per GdIII relaxivity was shown upon transition from monomer to polymer. Additionally, extremely large molecular relaxivities were achieved through incorporation of multiple GdIII ions per polymer. The nature of ROMP-derived polymers allows for functionalization of the monomer units and termini through orthogonal chemistry. This strategy is the basis for a new class of highly sensitive, targeted imaging agents.
Plasma-Enhanced Catalytic Reduction of NOx in Simulated Lean Exhaust (2000)

NOx reduction efficiency in simulated lean exhaust conditions has been examined for three proprietary catalyst materials using a non-thermal plasma discharge as a pretreatment stage to the catalyst. Using propene as the reducing agent for selective catalytic reduction, 74% reduction of NOx has been observed in the presence of 20 ppm SO. For sulfur-free simulated exhaust, 84% NOx reduction has been obtained. Results show that the impact of sulfur on the samples examined can vary widely from virtually no effect (< 5%) to more than 25% loss in activity depending on the catalyst. Any loss due to sulfur poisoning appears to be irreversible according to limited measurements on poisoned catalysts exposed to sulfur-free exhaust streams. Catalysts were tested over a temperature range of 473-773K with the highest activity observed at 773K. Examination of this large temperature window has shown that optimum CH:NOx ratio changes with temperature. In general, as temperature increases a larger concentration of propene is required in the exhaust stream because substantial plasma oxidation of propene takes place at lower specific energy. In addition, better NOx reduction efficiency of the catalysts at higher temperature results in additional propene demand. In contrast, the electrical energy required for maximum conversionmore » of NO to NO decreases at high temperature. This mix of observations leads to a hypothesis that as temperature increases there is a tradeoff between electrical energy for conversion of NO to NO and the hydrocarbon levels required to maximize selective catalytic reduction.« less
Dynamic Cloud Network Control under Reconfiguration Delay and Cost (2018)

Network virtualization and programmability allow operators to deploy a wide range of services over a common physical infrastructure and elastically allocate cloud and network resources according to changing requirements. While the elastic reconfiguration of virtual resources enables dynamically scaling capacity in order to support service demands with minimal operational cost, reconfiguration operations make resources unavailable during a given time period and may incur additional cost. In this paper, we address the dynamic cloud network control problem under non-negligible reconfiguration delay and cost. We show that while the capacity region remains unchanged regardless of the reconfiguration delay/cost values, a reconfiguration-agnostic policy may fail to guarantee throughput-optimality and minimum cost under nonzero reconfiguration delay/cost. We then present an adaptive dynamic cloud network control policy that allows network nodes to make local flow scheduling and resource allocation decisions while controlling the frequency of reconfiguration in order to support any input rate in the capacity region and achieve arbitrarily close to minimum cost for any finite reconfiguration delay/cost values.
Studies on the chemical syntheses and on the characteristics of polyaniline derivatives (1995)

Abstract Syntheses of parent polyaniline and methyl, methoxy, and ethoxy ortho‐substituted polyanilines were performed using the conventional chemical methodology and monitored using the new open‐circuit‐potential ( V oc ) profile technique. The intermediate pernigraniline oxidation state was identified and isolated at the V oc maximum ( A ) during the conventional chemical synthesis of poly( o ‐methoxyaniline) in the emeraldine oxidation state. The introduction of the substituent on the aniline ring leads to longer polymerization times and lower V oc values. Syntheses in the presence of two different monomers in solution were also investigated and showed preferential polymerization of the monomer with the lowest V oc potential. All polymers produced were characterized by elemental analysis, gel permeation chromatography, UV‐VIS spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. The influence of the substituent on the V oc profile and on the polymer characteristics are rationalized in terms of steric and electronic effects. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A Robust, Air-Stable, Reusable Ruthenium Catalyst for Dehydrogenation of Ammonia Borane (2011)

We describe an efficient homogeneous ruthenium catalyst for the dehydrogenation of ammonia borane (AB). This catalyst liberates more than 2 equiv of H(2) and up to 4.6 system wt % H(2) from concentrated AB suspensions under air. Importantly, this catalyst is robust, delivering several cycles of dehydrogenation at high [AB] without loss of catalytic activity, even with exposure to air and water.
Fiber-optic sources for quantum communication (2002)

We present recent experimental progress towards demonstrating fiber-based sources of quadrature as well as polarization entanglement for quantum communication applications in the 1.5 µm band of standard telecommunication fiber.
Framework for enhancing video viewing experience with haptic effects of motion (2012)

This work aims at enhancing a classical video viewing experience by introducing realistic haptic feelings in a consumer environment. More precisely, a complete framework to both produce and render the motion embedded in an audiovisual content is proposed to enhance a natural movie viewing session. We especially consider the case of a first-person point of view audiovisual content and we propose a general workflow to address this problem. This latter includes a novel approach to both capture the motion and video of the scene of interest, together with a haptic rendering system for generating a sensation of motion. A complete methodology to evaluate the relevance of our framework is finally proposed and demonstrates the interest of our approach.
Plasma oxidation of the high <i>T</i> <i>c</i> superconducting perovskites (1987)

A near room-temperature plasma oxidation process is shown to restore superconductivity and metalliclike behavior in oxygen deficient La2−x Srx CuO4−y and YBa2Cu3O7−x compounds. In the YBa2Cu3O7−x compound the conversion from an oxygen deficient n-type tetragonal to the p-type orthorhombic phase with a concomitant factor of 5×105 increase in room-temperature conductivity is also accomplished. This process is of technological importance because oxygen can be restored in these materials at temperatures compatible with device processing. Of scientific interest, the process allows us to carefully control the oxidation state and thereby systematically study the 90 and 55 K superconducting transitions in YBa2Cu3O7−x.
A low cost approach to improve the performance of an adjustable speed drive (ASD) under voltage sags and short-term power interruptions (2002)

Voltage sags are a common occurrence in industrial power distribution systems. Although a typical sag may last only 5-20 cycles, a voltage magnitude lower than 20% of its rated value can trip an adjustable speed AC drive (ASD). Such a nuisance tripping of a continuous industrial process can be very costly. In this paper, a low cost approach to improve the performance of an ASD under voltage sag and short term interruptions is presented. The approach consists of a low cost modification (addition of three diodes and an inductor) to the front end diode rectifier topology. This modification along with the dynamic-braking IGBT (Q/sub db/) control (a standard component in a ASD) is shown to provide ride-through capability for voltage sags. Further, it is shown that with the addition of a diode and battery, the ride-through capability can also be extended to short-term power interruptions. The IGBT Q/sub db/ is suitably controlled in the event of a sag to maintain rated DC-link voltage in a closed loop, thus avoiding any nuisance tripping or momentary speed fluctuations. A 460 V, 10 hp commercially available ASD is modified with the proposed approach. Analysis, design and simulation results are discussed. Experimental results illustrating the performance of the ASD with the proposed ride-through topology for a wide range of voltage sag conditions are presented.
A noninvasive mechanical treatment to reduce the visible appearance of cellulite. (2016)

Cellulite is a cosmetic condition of subcutaneous fat herniation through fibrous connective tissue that results in a dimpled appearance of the skin. Occurring in approximately 85% to 90% of all women worldwide, cellulite has been well studied. The result has been the development of a plethora of treatment protocols yielding little to no success. We describe a noninvasive mechanical treatment for women with cellulite, evaluating the safety and effectiveness of a technique that utilizes a unique patented device for the reduction of the visible appearance of cellulite.
Ex-LDH-Based Catalysts for CO2 Conversion to Methanol and Dimethyl Ether (2021)

CO2-derived methanol and dimethyl ether can play a very important role as fuels, energy carriers, and bulk chemicals. Methanol production from CO2 and renewable hydrogen is considered to be one of the most promising pathways to alleviate global warming. In turn, methanol could be subsequently dehydrated into DME; alternatively, one-step CO2 conversion to DME can be obtained by hydrogenation on bifunctional catalysts. In this light, four oxide catalysts with the same Cu and Zn content (Cu/Zn molar ratio = 2) were synthesized by calcining the corresponding CuZnAl LDH systems modified with Zr and/or Ce. The fresh ex-LDH catalysts were characterized in terms of composition, texture, structure, surface acidity and basicity, and reducibility. Structural and acid–base properties were also studied on H2-treated samples, on which specific metal surface area and dispersion of metallic Cu were determined as well. After in situ H2 treatment, the ex-LDH systems were tested as catalysts for the hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol at 250 °C and 3.0 MPa. In the same experimental conditions, CO2 conversion into dimethyl ether was studied on bifunctional catalysts obtained by physically mixing the ex-LDH hydrogenation catalysts with acid ferrierite or ZSM-5 zeolites. For both processes, the effect of the Al/Zr/Ce ratio on the products distribution was investigated.
Layer‐by‐Layer Encapsulation of Probiotics for Delivery to the Microbiome (2016)

The gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome is widely investigated for its role in many diseases. However, technologies designed for microbiome delivery are lacking. Here, a layer-by-layer (LbL) approach is reported for probiotic encapsulation to protect probiotics against GI tract insults and improve their adhesion and growth on the intestines. These advantages translate to significantly enhanced survival of LbL-probiotics in vivo.
PRE-PREDICTION OF EPOC (2003)

At present, there are no useful methods for monitoring fatigue accumulation during training exercises. Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC) is the greater the more exhausting the exercise. PURPOSE To pre-predict the amount of EPOC measured after exercise from information recorded before and during exercise. METHODS Based on meta-analysis of 48 peer-reviewed studies including 158 subjects in different exercise settings (duration and intensity ranging from 2 to 90 minutes and 18% to 108% of VO2max, respectively) a computational model based on heart function (patent pending) for pre-predicting EPOC (EPOCpred) was constructed. A total of 32 healthy adult subjects (16 males, 16 females) with age of 38 ± 9 years (mean ± SD), weight 69.6 ± 10.8 kg, height 171.6 ± 8.5 and VO2max 44.0 ± 8.8 ml/kg·min−1, served as a separate validation set. Subjects carried out two 10-min constant load exercises at intensities of 40% and 70% VO2max and a maximal stepwise test to voluntary exhaustion. EPOCpred was pre-predicted from ECG RR-interval data collected with Polar RR-recorder. After exercises 15-min EPOC was measured (EPOCmeas) using Vmax analyzer (Sensor Medics). RESULTS EPOCpred vs. EPOCmeas in 40%, 70% and maximal test conditions were 0.45 ± 0.21 vs. 0.96 ± 0.88 l (ppred and EPOCmeas and Mean Absolute Error over all exercises and for maximal exercise were r = 0.889 (p CONCLUSION EPOC can be pre-predicted from RR interval data recorded during exercise. Consequently, EPOC pre-prediction may serve as a tool for monitoring fatigue accumulation during exercise.Figure: No Caption Available