gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-Speed Magneto-Optic Disk Drive with Overwriting and Read-Verifying Functions (1992)

A 3-beam overwritable magneto-optic (MO) disk drive with instantaneous read-verification is developed for random-access image databases and for high-speed file backup. This drive has two optical heads and three optical beams enabling it to be used with an ISO standard 130-mm diameter MO disk. Write-once optics are used in erasing and writing optical systems, and high-efficiency transmission of laser power yields a data transfer rate of 2.1 MB/s at 5400 rpm.
Estimating tire condition based on wavelet analysis and frequency modulation (2007)

Tire is one of the most important components of automobiles ,since tire is the only interface with roads. However, little is known about the interface. For example, although we can detect the slipping of wheels with the wheel angle sensors, we never know the grip margin for slipping. At this point, we have to design automobiles' electro-controllers with much safety margin. This is undesirable in the meaning of automobile controllability as well as safety. Thus, it is important to get information of tire's surface. In order to get information of tire surface, we made use of tire sound. We recorded the sound from rotating tires with a digital recorder, and got a general time-frequency trend by analyzing them with CWT (continuous wavelet transform). Then, to be more specific, we analyzed the particular frequency band of the CWT with its frequency modulation. We calculated the fluctuation of the phase of the CWT from the sound, and the tread pattern in its 250Hz band. And by evaluating the correlation between the two fluctuation, we can see the tread pattern which the sound is from.
Asynchronous software thread integration for efficient software implementations of embedded communication protocol controllers (2004)

The overhead of context-switching limits efficient scheduling of multiple concurrent threads on a uniprocessor when real-time requirements exist. Existing software thread integration (STI) methods reduce context switches, but only provide synchronous thread progress within integrated functions. For the remaining, non-integrated portions of the secondary threads to run and avoid starvation, the primary thread must have adequate amounts of coarse-grain idle time (longer than two context-switches). We have developed asynchronous software thread integration (ASTI) methods which address starvation through the efficient use of coroutine calls and integration. ASTI allows threads to make independent progress efficiently and reduces the number of context switches needed through integration. Software-implemented protocol controllers are crippled by this problem; the primary thread “bit-bangs ” each bit of a message onto or off of the bus, leaving only fragments of idle time shorter than a bit time. This fragmented time may be too short to recover through context switching, so only the primary thread can execute during message transmission or reception, slowing the secondary threads and potentially making them miss their deadlines. ASTI simplifies the implementation of embedded communication protocols on low-cost, moderate speed (1- 100 MHz, 8- and 16-bit) microcontrollers. We demonstrate ASTI by replacing a standard automotive communication protocol controller (J1850) with software and generic hardware. Secondary thread performance improves significantly when compared with a traditional interrupt-based software approach.
Services for children with diabetes. (2008)

This is the first assessment of the services available and care received by children and adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes in the Republic of Ireland. Questionnaires were mailed to 19 centres in 2006 identified as providing care for children and adolescents with Diabetes. Replies were received from all centres. 29 consultants provide care for a reported 2040 patients in the 19 centres. 16 (50%) paediatricians surveyed expressed a special interest in Diabetes while 27 (94%) see children in a designated Diabetes clinic. The average caseload per whole-time-equivalent (WTE) Diabetes Nurse Specialists (DNS) is 162 patients and 416 patients per WTE Dietician. 13 of the 19 centres (70%) have no access to Psychology services. This review of children's diabetes services highlights the current deficiencies, particularly in relation to support staff, with respect to international recommendations. Improvements in resources to reduce long-term complications needs urgent addressing at both local and national levels.
Post-translational coordination of chlorophyll biosynthesis and breakdown by BCMs maintains chlorophyll homeostasis during leaf development (2020)

Chlorophyll is indispensable for life on Earth. Dynamic control of chlorophyll level, determined by the relative rates of chlorophyll anabolism and catabolism, ensures optimal photosynthesis and plant fitness. How plants post-translationally coordinate these two antagonistic pathways during their lifespan remains enigmatic. Here, we show that two Arabidopsis paralogs of BALANCE of CHLOROPHYLL METABOLISM (BCM) act as functionally conserved scaffold proteins to regulate the trade-off between chlorophyll synthesis and breakdown. During early leaf development, BCM1 interacts with GENOMES UNCOUPLED 4 to stimulate Mg-chelatase activity, thus optimizing chlorophyll synthesis. Meanwhile, BCM1's interaction with Mg-dechelatase promotes degradation of the latter, thereby preventing chlorophyll degradation. At the onset of leaf senescence, BCM2 is up-regulated relative to BCM1, and plays a conserved role in attenuating chlorophyll degradation. These results support a model in which post-translational regulators promote chlorophyll homeostasis by adjusting the balance between chlorophyll biosynthesis and breakdown during leaf development.
Perfect Match: Improved Cross-modal Embeddings for Audio-visual Synchronisation (2019)

This paper proposes a new strategy for learning powerful cross-modal embeddings for audio-to-video synchronisation. Here, we set up the problem as one of cross-modal retrieval, where the objective is to find the most relevant audio segment given a short video clip. The method builds on the recent advances in learning representations from cross-modal self-supervision. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) we propose a new learning strategy where the embeddings are learnt via a multi-way matching problem, as opposed to a binary classification (matching or non-matching) problem as proposed by recent papers; (2) we demonstrate that performance of this method far exceeds the existing baselines on the synchronisation task; (3) we use the learnt embeddings for visual speech recognition in self-supervision, and show that the performance matches the representations learnt end-to-end in a fully-supervised manner.
Track level fusion of extended objects from heterogeneous sensors (2016)

The detection and tracking of extended targets is a challenging problem. The accuracy of the detections and the tracking is dependent on the granularity and the quality of the data obtained from the sensors. The systems specialised for automotive environment perception task are mostly a mix of high and low resolution sensors, equipped with their own target state estimation module. The sensors provide the fusion center, the target state estimates along with information on the target shape such as length and width. This paper focuses on deriving fused extended shapes from the set of tracked objects obtained from heterogeneous environment perception sensors. The concept and the procedure described in this paper is unique for the fusion of target extension and shape information. The algorithm is analytically investigated to analyse its performance bounds. A detailed Monte Carlo simulation has been carried out with different trajectories and noise sources to ascertain the performance. The interesting part of this paper is the results obtained using real world sensor data in a real traffic condition using high precision ground truth sensors for the sensor platform and the target vehicle.
A Nonlinear Electric Field Sensor That Exploits Coupled Oscillator Dynamics: The Charge Collection Mechanism (2013)

In this paper, we investigate the exploitation of nonlinear behavior in ferroelectric (FE) materials in the realization of innovative transducers for detecting weak and low-frequency electric fields (E-fields). Specifically, we describe a nonlinear dynamical system based on FE capacitors coupled into a unidirectional ring circuit which, under the appropriate operating conditions, exhibits an oscillating regime of behavior in the response variable (the electric polarization). In this device, a weak target E-field induces a perturbation of the polarization of the FE material; in turn, the target signal can be detected and quantified via its effect on the coupled system response. Hence, the device entails the synergetic use of bistable FE materials, micromachining technologies that allow for addressing charge density amplification, and novel sensing strategies based on coupling nonlinear elemental cells. The “charge collector” strategy has been employed to detect the target field. An experimental characterization of the sensing device, including three cells (each cell corresponds to an FE capacitor) coupled in a ring configuration, is presented as a function of the charge collector configuration.
Inkjet delivery of glucose oxidase (2010)

The activity of glucose oxidase is reduced by inkjet printing and is a function of the printing conditions. Standard characterisation methods show no significant change to enzyme molecular weight, secondary structure and general molecular shape as a function of printing parameters. This indicates that a more subtle alteration of the protein structure may occur during printing.
Creating a topic map query tool for mobile devices using J2ME and XML (2005)

Most of today's enterprises conduct knowledge management initiatives for achieving competitive advantage. Information technology plays a key role in codifying knowledge and distributing it throughout the organization. However, the utilization of mobile technology for supporting knowledge management has been largely overlooked so far. As mobile devices are becoming increasingly powerful and ubiquitous, new possibilities to realize fully integrated knowledge management processes are created. This paper presents a basic architecture that enables mobile workers to retrieve knowledge contained within topic maps and associated information objects. Topic maps enable knowledge structures to be codified and linked with information resources. The paper comprises Java-based mobile tools that run on PDAs as well as mobile phones and exchange XML data with a topic map server. Our prototypical implementation is evaluated and directions for future work are proposed.
ALTERNATIVE RESEARCH ORIENTATIONS FOR AGRICULTURAL ECONOMISTS (1987)

(1987). ALTERNATIVE RESEARCH ORIENTATIONS FOR AGRICULTURAL ECONOMISTS. Agrekon: Vol. 26, No. 3, pp. 8-17.
<i>Smad4</i> is dispensable for normal pancreas development yet critical in progression and tumor biology of pancreas cancer (2006)

SMAD4 is inactivated in the majority of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) with concurrent mutational inactivation of the INK4A/ARF tumor suppressor locus and activation of the KRAS oncogene. Here, using genetically engineered mice, we determined the impact of SMAD4 deficiency on the development of the pancreas and on the initiation and/or progression of PDAC-alone or in combination with PDAC--relevant mutations. Selective SMAD4 deletion in the pancreatic epithelium had no discernable impact on pancreatic development or physiology. However, when combined with the activated KRAS(G12D) allele, SMAD4 deficiency enabled rapid progression of KRAS(G12D)-initiated neoplasms. While KRAS(G12D) alone elicited premalignant pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) that progressed slowly to carcinoma, the combination of KRAS(G12D) and SMAD4 deficiency resulted in the rapid development of tumors resembling intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia (IPMN), a precursor to PDAC in humans. SMAD4 deficiency also accelerated PDAC development of KRAS(G12D) INK4A/ARF heterozygous mice and altered the tumor phenotype; while tumors with intact SMAD4 frequently exhibited epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), PDAC null for SMAD4 retained a differentiated histopathology with increased expression of epithelial markers. SMAD4 status in PDAC cell lines was associated with differential responses to transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in vitro with a subset of SMAD4 wild-type lines showing prominent TGF-beta-induced proliferation and migration. These results provide genetic confirmation that SMAD4 is a PDAC tumor suppressor, functioning to block the progression of KRAS(G12D)-initiated neoplasms, whereas in a subset of advanced tumors, intact SMAD4 facilitates EMT and TGF-beta-dependent growth.
Silica-based planar waveguides for passive components (1988)

Various passive components such as optical branching/mixing circuits, multi/demultiplexers, and optical switches are required in optical communications systems. Bulk-type components as well as fiber-optic components appear to have some limitations with regard to productivity, stability, and suitability for integration. A possible approach to overcoming this problem is to use fiber-compatible silica-based planar waveguides to form integrated- optic circuits.
Somatic Gene Therapy in the Cardiovascular System (2001)

This review surveys a range of approaches using plasmid DNA encoding the 165-amino-acid isoform of vascular endothelial growth factor (phVEGF165) to therapeutically modulate micro- or macrovascular endothelial cells, focusing on strategies to augment postnatal collateral circulation in arterial insufficiency or to accelerate re-endothelialization after balloon angioplasty to prevent restenosis. We focus on intra-arterial and intramuscular/intramyocardial gene transfer of the VEGF165 gene, the options that have been most thoroughly studied to date in patients. We review developmental and postnatal significance of the endothelial-cell-specific mitogen VEGF that has stimulated these studies and present limitations of current knowledge as well as challenges for the future.
Complement activation in acquired and hereditary amyloid neuropathy (2000)

The pathogenesis of the axonal degeneration in acquired or hereditary amyloidosis is unknown. In this immunohistochemistry study, we examined 20 sural nerve biopsies from individuals with amyloid neuropathy (14 acquired and 6 hereditary) for evidence of complement activation. Complement activation products were detected on and around amyloid deposits within peripheral nerves. We found no difference in the extent, location or pattern of complement activation products between the 2 forms of amyloidosis. The presence of early classical pathway activation markers in the absence of antibody in hereditary cases suggests an antibody-independent activation of the classical pathway through binding of C1q. The lack of Factor Bb-suggested alternative pathway activation was not significant in these cases. The detection of C5b-9 neoantigen on amyloid deposits demonstrated that the full complement cascade was activated. Complement activation on amyloid deposits and the generation of C5b-9 in vivo may contribute to bystander injury of axons in the vicinity of amyloid deposits.
Mobile code paradigms and security issues (2004)

Programs are no longer constrained to execute on the nodes where they reside, and many systems therefore support code mobility. Although mobile code has yet to fully realize its promise of increased system flexibility, scalability, and reliability, the marketplace has embraced mobile code implementations such as Java.Jini, PostScript, and .NET. Several mobile code paradigms exist, and mobile code use raises many security concerns. Here, we map a taxonomy of mobile code paradigms to a taxonomy of network security vulnerabilities, revealing that many important security issues are being ignored.
Analyses of Ripening Process in Tomatoes Using Chemical Shift Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2006)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been widely applied in biological research anddiagnostics. The chemical shift magnetic resonance imaging (CSI) technique is a spectroscopyimaging technique in which spatially localized spectra are obtained simultaneously from a volume ofthe sample. This technique allows for the determination of chemical composition as well as thespatial information of the sample and therefore it is an efficient tool to assess internal characteristicsof fruits and vegetables. This paper presents the experimental results and analyses of chemical shiftimaging of tomatoes of different ripening stages. The major physico-chemical components such aswater content, sugar content, and lycopene which are related to the ripening process of tomatoeswere examined for their spatial-temporal distribution in individual tomatoes. To analyze the transientchanges of each physico-chemical components, a spectral signal processing procedure and softwareprogram were developed to visualize the dynamics of tomato ripening process with pseudo-colormapping. The efficacy of CSI is demonstrated with quantitative analyses of the internal sugar contentdistribution of tomato during ripening process.
Drowsiness Monitoring By Steering And Lane Data Based Features Under Real Driving Conditions (2010)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Aalborg, Denmark, 2010
Differential diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (2012)

Abstract Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is an asymptomatic plasma cell disorder occurring in 4.2% of adults > 50 years of age, which can progress into symptomatic diseases either through proliferation of the plasma cell clone, giving rise to multiple myeloma and other lymphoplasmacellular neoplasms, or through organ damage caused by the monoclonal protein, as seen in light-chain amyloidosis and related conditions. Differential diagnosis of asymptomatic and symptomatic monoclonal gammopathies is the determinant for starting therapy. The criteria for determining end-organ damage should include markers of organ injury caused by the monoclonal protein. Patient assessment and optimal follow-up are now performed using risk stratification models that should also take into account the risk of developing AL amyloidosis. Patients with low-risk MGUS (approximately 40% of all MGUS patients) need limited assessment and very infrequent follow-up. The ongoing development of novel molecular biomarkers and advanced imaging techniques will improve the identification of high-risk patients who may benefit from early therapeutic intervention through innovative clinical trials.
Nonlinear contact control for space station dexterous arms (2002)

In October 1996, a research and development task was initiated at JPL to develop and demonstrate nonlinear contact control schemes for the dexterous robotic arms planned for the Space Station. This paper reports on the progress made to-date in this task. Specifically, the paper introduces a new class of contact controllers comprised of a nonlinear gain in cascade with a linear fixed-gain PI force controller and PD compliance controller. The nonlinear gains used are simple hyperbolic functions of force error and contact force, respectively. The stability of the closed-loop systems incorporating nonlinear PI and PD controllers are investigated using the Popov stability criterion. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the nonlinear force and compliance control schemes for a dexterous 7-DOF arm. These results highlight the advantages of the proposed nonlinear contact controllers compared to conventional fixed-gain controllers.
A Review of Electronic Hand Hygiene Monitoring: Considerations for Hospital Management in Data Collection, Healthcare Worker Supervision, and Patient Perception (2015)

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in U.S. acute care hospitals lead to a burden of $96-$147 billion annually on the U.S. health system and affect 1 in 20 hospital patients (Marchetti & Rossiter, 2013). Hospital managers are charged with reducing and eliminating HAIs to cut costs and improve patient outcomes. Healthcare worker (HCW) hand hygiene (HH) practice is the most effective means of preventing the spread of HAIs, but compliance is at or below 50% (McGuckin, Waterman, & Govednik, 2009). For managers to increase the frequency of HCW HH occurrences and improve the quality of HH performance, companies have introduced electronic technologies to assist managers in training, supervising, and gathering data in the patient care setting. Although these technologies offer valuable feedback regarding compliance, little is known in terms of capabilities in the clinical setting. Less is known about HCW or patient attitudes if the system allows feedback to be shared. Early-adopting managers have begun to examine their experiences with HH technologies and publish their findings. We review peer-reviewed research on infection prevention that focused on the capabilities of these electronic systems, as well as the related research on HCW and patient interactions with electronic HH systems. Research suggests that these systems are capable of collecting data, but the results are mixed regarding their impact on HH compliance, reducing HAIs, or both and their costs. Research also indicates that HCWs and patients may not regard the technology as positively as industry or healthcare managers may have intended. When considering the adoption of electronic HH monitoring systems, hospital administrators should proceed with caution.
Toward the Target: Tilorone, Quinacrine, and Pyronaridine Bind to Ebola Virus Glycoprotein (2020)

Pyronaridine, tilorone, and quinacrine were recently identified by a machine learning model and demonstrated <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> activity against Ebola virus (EBOV) and represent viable candidates for drug repurposing. The target for these molecules was previously unknown. These drugs have now been docked into the crystal structure of the ebola glycoprotein and then experimentally validated <i>in vitro</i> using microscale thermophoresis to generate <i>K</i> <sub>d</sub> values for tilorone (0.73 μM), pyronaridine (7.34 μM), and quinacrine (7.55 μM). These molecules were shown to bind with a higher affinity than the previously reported toremifene (16 μM). These three structures provide more insight into the structural diversity of ebola glycoprotein inhibitors which can be utilized in the discovery and design of additional inhibitors.
Overview of IP error compensation techniques for EUVL (2010)

According to the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors, meeting the overlay requirements for the sub- 32-nm regime is a difficult challenge for all future lithography technologies. For extreme ultraviolet lithography, the nonflatness of both the mask and chuck contribute to overlay error by way of mask image placement (IP) errors. Consequently it has been proposed to compensate for these IP errors induced during mask fabrication and chucking, by employing correction schemes during the e-beam writing process. This study presents an overview of various IP error compensation techniques currently being considered by the semiconductor industry. Both finite element (FE) and analytical models have been studied and compared to identify the sources of IP errors and the corresponding effects on IP accuracy. Typical examples were used to determine the effects of thin-film deposition and etching, reticle nonflatness, and the chucking process itself. The neutral surface of the mask substrate was tracked via FE modeling and was subsequently used with analytical methods to estimate inplane distortions. The shortcomings and advantages of implementing these techniques as an e-beam correction strategy are also presented.