gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Large-Area Plasma Processing System (2003)

Summary form only given. The Naval Research Laboratory has developed a new type of plasma processing reactor called the Large-Area Plasma Processing System (LAPPS). This device uses a magnetically confined, sheet electron beam to produce planar plasmas with densities up to 5/spl times/10/sup 12/ cm/sup -3/, area /spl sim/1 m/sup 2/ and thickness /spl sim/1 cm. Other LAPPS attributes include: high uniformity; operation over a wide range of gas type and pressure; independent control of the ionization rate; efficient production of ions and free radicals; low metastable density; modest gas heating; a low and partially adjustable electron temperature; and independent bias control. Disadvantages of LAPPS include: the need for an energetic electron beam (a few keV and 10's mA/cm/sup 2/); the need for a longitudinal magnetic field (/spl sim/200 G) to confine the beam; cross-field restrictions on the plasma flow; beam-plasma instabilities; and energy losses to the beam dump. This talk will present the theory underlying LAPPS, while the experimental results and future plans will be presented elsewhere.
[Peptide inhibitors of a bacterial collagenase]. (1986)

The properties of the cleavage site of collagen by collagenases remain discussed. The authors report their studies on the active site of the collagenase of a bacteria, achromobacter, based on two types of methods. The first type uses synthetic substrates, the second one enzymatic inhibitors. The results of both methods are reviewed. The inhibitors seem more sensitive than substrates to study the relation between structure and activity of the enzyme.
Ultrasonic wave diagnostic apparatus employing interpolated values of weighting data (1989)

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Engineering of a high lipid producing Yarrowia lipolytica strain (2016)

The yields, productivities, and titers reported in this study may further support the applied goal of cost-effective, large -scale microbial lipid production for use as biofuels and biochemicals.
Effects of burst stimulation during ventricular fibrillation on cardiac function after defibrillation (2003)

The purpose of defibrillation is to rapidly restore blood flow and tissue perfusion following ventricular fibrillation (VF) and shock delivery. We tested the hypotheses that 1) a series of 1-ms pulses of various amplitudes delivered before the defibrillation shock can improve hemodynamics following the shock, and 2) this hemodynamic improvement is due to stimulation of cardiac or thoracic sympathetic nerves. Ten anesthetized pigs received a burst of either 15 or 30 1-ms pulses (0.1-10 A in strength) during VF, after which defibrillation was performed. ECG, arterial blood pressure, and left ventricular (LV) pressure were recorded. Defibrillation shocks and burst pulses were delivered from a right ventricular coil electrode to superior vena cava coil and left chest wall electrodes. Sympathetic blockade was induced with 1 mg/kg timolol and trials were repeated. The first half of this protocol was repeated in two animals that were pretreated with reserpine. Heart rate (HR) after 1-, 2-, 5-, and 10-A pulses was significantly higher than after control shocks without preceding pulse therapy. Mean and peak LV pressure measurements increased 38 and 72%, respectively, following shocks preceded by 5- and 10-A pulses compared with shocks preceded by no burst pulses. Mean and peak arterial pressures increased 36 and 43%, respectively, following shocks preceded by 5- and 10-A pulses compared with shocks preceded by no burst pulses. After beta-blockade, HR, mean and peak arterial pressures, and mean LV pressure were not significantly different after pulses of any strength compared with control shocks. LV peak pressure following the 10-A pulses was significantly higher than with no burst pulses but was significantly lower than the response to the 10-A pulses delivered without beta-blockade. HR, mean and peak arterial pressures, and mean and peak LV pressure responses after 15 or 30 5- or 10-A pulses were similar to the responses to the same pulses after beta-blockade. We conclude that a burst of 15-30 1-ms pulses delivered during VF can increase HR, arterial pressure, and LV pressure following defibrillation. beta-Blockade or reserpine pretreatment prevents most of this postshock increase in HR, arterial pressure, and LV pressure.
Synthesis and antihypertensive properties of new 3-hydrazinopyridazine derivatives (1975)

3-Hydrazinopyridazines substituted in position 6 with a primary amine, secondary amine, or an alkoxy group were synthesized and screened for antihypertensive activity. In general, the 6-dialklamino derivatives are the most active; the (2-hydroxypropyl)methylamino chain provides the best combination of high antihypertensive activity and toxicity.
Myocardial Protection Using Fructose-1,6-Diphosphate During Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial (2004)

Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) may increase high-energy phosphate levels under anaerobic conditions and therefore ameliorate ischemic injury. A dose-ranging safety study for FDP was conducted in patients undergoing coronary artery surgery. Preischemic provision of FDP significantly improved cardiac function and reduced perioperative ischemic injury. These myocardial protective effects may improve patient outcome after cardiac surgery.
Actinobacillus Actinomycetemcomitans in the Pathogenesis of Human Periodontal Disease (1988)

The present report reviews data implicating Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in the etiology of human periodontal disease. Recent data are also presented relative to: (1) serological studies of this microorganism using monoclonal antibodies and the serodiagnosis of A. actinomycetemcomitans infections; (2) characterization of the serotype antigens; (3) studies of the serotype distribution of A. actinomycetemcomitans in extra-oral infections; and (4) examination of the correlation between A. actinomycetemcomitans colony morphology and fimbriae.
Deep-Geometric 6 DoF Localization from a Single Image in Topo-metric Maps (2020)

We describe a Deep-Geometric Localizer that is able to estimate the full 6 Degree of Freedom (DoF) global pose of the camera from a single image in a previously mapped environment. Our map is a topo-metric one, with discrete topological nodes whose 6 DoF poses are known. Each topo-node in our map also comprises of a set of points, whose 2D features and 3D locations are stored as part of the mapping process. For the mapping phase, we utilise a stereo camera and a regular stereo visual SLAM pipeline. During the localization phase, we take a single camera image, localize it to a topological node using Deep Learning, and use a geometric algorithm (PnP) on the matched 2D features (and their 3D positions in the topo map) to determine the full 6 DoF globally consistent pose of the camera. Our method divorces the mapping and the localization algorithms and sensors (stereo and mono), and allows accurate 6 DoF pose estimation in a previously mapped environment using a single camera. With potential VR/AR and localization applications in single camera devices such as mobile phones and drones, our hybrid algorithm compares favourably with the fully Deep-Learning based Pose-Net that regresses pose from a single image in simulated as well as real environments.
Learning query languages of Web interfaces (2004)

This paper studies the problem of automatic acquisition of the query languages supported by a Web information resource. We describe a system that automatically probes the search interface of a resource with a set of test queries and analyses the returned pages to recognize supported query operators. The automatic acquisition assumes the availability of the number of matches the resource returns for a submitted query. The match numbers are used to train a learning system and to generate classification rules that recognize the query operators supported by a provider and their syntactic encodings. These classification rules are employed during the automatic probing of new providers to determine query operators they support. We report on results of experiments with a set of real Web resources.
Dish/Stirling hybrid-heat-pipe-receiver design and test results (2005)

A 75-kW/sub t/ hybrid receiver, intended for dish/Stirling application, has been designed, fabricated, and tested. The receiver is a 6-x scale-up of our earlier successful bench-scale hybrid concept. It is a major extension of the bench-scale concept to a compact package comprising a fully-integrated solar absorber, gas-fired surface, heat pipe, combustor, and recuperator. The device is built around a sodium heat pipe having a spherical-dome solar absorber and a pin-fin-studded, cylindrical-sidewall, gas-fired surface. The combustion system uses a metal-matrix burner, with premixed air and natural gas. The recuperator is a folded-membrane design. The receiver is designed for simultaneous solar and gas-fired heating, with a nominal throughput of 75 kW/sub t/. The nominal operating (sodium vapor) temperature is 750 C. The receiver has been ground tested (gas only) at throughput power levels from 18 to 75 kW/sub t/and output temperatures up to 750 C. It was tested in four different orientations, corresponding to sun elevations of 12, 22, 45 and 80 degrees. The tests have established several landmarks at the 75 kW/sub t/ power level, including: (1) preheat of fuel/air mixtures above 600 C without preignition, (2) internal wall temperatures over 800 C with minimal warping, particularly at critical internal seals, and (3) 68% thermal efficiency including parasitics. We believe the efficiency could be boosted to 75% by the addition of an external insulation package. Our tests also verified smooth ignition, as well as the absence thermocouples, differential pressure gauges on all major flow elements, and calorimetry. Some nonfatal problems occurred during the tests, including occasional transient leakage at an internal seal, and warping of the burner matrix. Late in the scheduled tests, a hot spot developed on the heat-pipe gas-fired surface. This behavior is believed to be the result of a wick flaw; it has been seen in other heat pipes, and has been the subject of an ongoing separate effort. Design details and rationale will be presented, along with test data illustrating the behavior of the receiver, and demonstrating its efficiency.
Real Time Estimation of Engine Torque for the Detection of Engine Misfires (1994)

The need for improvements in the on-line estimation of engine performance variables is greater nowadays as a result of more stringent emission control legislation. There is also a concurrent requirement for improved on-board diagnostics to detect different types of malfunctions. For example, recent California Air Resources Board (CARB) regulations mandate continuous monitoring of misfires, a problem which, short of an expensive measurement of combustion pressure in each cylinder, is most directly approached by estimating individual cylinder torque. This paper describes the theory and experimental results of a method for the estimation of individual cylinder torque in automative engines, with the intent of satisfying the CARB misfire detection requirements. Estimation, control, and diagnostic functions associated with automotive engines involve near periodic processes, due to the nature of multi-cylinder engines. The model of the engine dynamics used in this study fully exploits the inherent periodicity of the combustion process in the crank angle domain in order to obtain a simple deconvolution method for the estimation of the mean torque produced by each cylinder during each stroke from a measurement of crankshaft angular velocity. The deconvolution is actually performed in the spatial frequency domain, recognizing that the combustion energy is concentrated at discrete spatial frequencies, which are harmonics of the frequency of rotation of the crankshaft. Thus, the resulting deconvolution algorithm is independent of engine speed, and reduces to an algebraic operation in the frequency domain. It is necessary to perform a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) on the measured angular velocity signal, sampled at fixed uniform crank angle intervals. The paper discusses the model used in the study, and the experimental validation of the algorithm, which has been implemented in real time using a portable computer and has been tested extensively on different production vehicles on a chassis dynamometer and on the road.
Quantum logic operations using linear optical elements (2002)

Knill, Laflamme, and Milburn [1] have shown that probabilistic quantum logic operations can be implemented using linear optical elements, such as beam splitters and phase shifters, additional photons (ancilla) and post-selection based on the results of measurements on the ancilla. This may seem somewhat surprising, since logic operations are inherently nonlinear. Here the nonlinearity is produced by the quantum measurement process used in the post-selection. Nonlinearities of this kind are inherently quantum-mechanical and have no classical analogy.
Oil and gas well stimulation. [multiple fractures] (1977)

A method and means for stimulating oil and gas wells to increase production comprises filling a well above the pay zone level with a fracturing fluid, then suspending a cylinder of high explosive centrally within the wellbore adjacent to the pay zone. Thereafter a propellant is suspended with tens of feet above the high explosive and the well above the propellant is enclosed. The application of high explosive is chosen to cause multiple radiating fractures but will not crush the rock in the well. Also, the rise time of the shock wave created by the explosive should be less than the time required for sound to traverse one-half of the periphery of the well opening in the rock at the pay zone. The propellant is detonated first, followed by the detonation of the high explosive. The purpose of using the propellant is to maintain pressure caused by the high explosive over a longer period, thereby extending the fractures caused by the high explosive. 12 claims, 4 figures.
n-Type TaCoSn-Based Half-Heuslers as Promising Thermoelectric Materials (2019)

Half-Heusler compounds are recognized as promising thermoelectric materials for high-temperature power generation, but their relatively high lattice thermal conductivity impedes further improvement of <i>ZT</i>. Here, we report the synthesis of a new half-Heusler compound TaCoSn with a low thermal conductivity. Experimentally, the pristine TaCoSn exhibits a low lattice thermal conductivity of ∼5.7 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup> at 300 K, which is lower than that of most of the other half-Heusler compounds. Phonon calculations by density functional theory indicate that the low phonon velocity, small Debye temperature, and large Grüneisen parameter are the contributors to the low thermal conductivity of TaCoSn. Importantly, intense point-defect scattering can be induced by alloying Nb at the Ta site, which further suppresses the thermal conductivity of TaCoSn. Additionally, Sb has been identified as an efficient dopant for supplying high electron concentration. Finally, the optimized n-type Ta<sub>0.6</sub>Nb<sub>0.4</sub>CoSn<sub>0.94</sub>Sb<sub>0.06</sub> demonstrates a peak <i>ZT</i> above 0.7 at 973 K. Our work demonstrates that the TaCoSn-based half-Heuslers are promising thermoelectric materials.
Subsea Broadband Using Underwater LASER Telemetry and Remote Access (2019)

Abstract High speed wireless communication has proven elusive in subsea environments due to the inherent bandwidth limitations of acoustics and range limitations of other transmission modalities. A truly connected subsea system necessitates a high-speed, resilient architecture that can enable the integration of new sensor technologies and edge analytics and allow closed-loop monitoring and control of subsea operations for integrity monitoring and optimization. Like terrestrial Internet of Things applications, the realization of this "digital subsea" vision requires the application of high speed, point-to-point wireless technologies to complement rather than replace "hard-wired" communications such as optical fiber or acoustic systems. This work addresses the development of ULTRA (Underwater LASER Telemetry and Remote Access), an ultra-long range underwater laser communications system for use in critical points of the subsea communications architecture to increase reliability, operational flexibility, and reduce communication system maintenance associated with physical subsea connections. To demonstrate the data capacity and range of ULTRA, a subscale laboratory point-to-point wireless laser communication system was constructed with the flexibility to transmit through either air or water. The test system used power and modulation frequencies for air, fresh water, and different qualities of seawater. Optical and RF encoding methodologies were implemented to facilitate and characterize data transmission through the various media. The laboratory experiment used a subscale, filtered, and attenuated 5 mW blue-green laser in a 22-meter folded path configuration to demonstrate real-time data transmission at 312 Megabit per Second (Mbps) data rate using single channel Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation. A field prototype ULTRA system will use an unattenuated 5 mW laser that can reach approximately 280-meter range at 312 Mbps in clear conditions, which are typical of deepwater subsea. The selection of laser power and data rate are considered operational tradeoffs in environments where underwater vehicles operate. The extended range of ULTRA can enable various use cases to greatly augment subsea data communications capacity to enable the "Digital Subsea".
<title>Uncertainty associated with segmenting structure in echocardiographic images</title> (1994)

The four main goals of this paper are as follows: First, address the different types of uncertainty and variability encountered when designing algorithms for automatic estimation of the epicardial and endocardial borders in 2D echocardiographic short- axis image sequences. Second, indicate certain choices forced by the setting. Third, indicate requirements expected of the algorithm. Fourth, address the question of what criteria should be used to decide when a method is a success and point out that wall-thickness, chamber area, and the area change fraction tend to be unstable calculations.
Optimum drying method for scan coating (2002)

This paper introduces the optimum drying technology after scan coating. For this method, we adopted decompression drying method and we found it an optimum method. This is the only method, which is compatible with better thickness profile (1.9%) and rapid throughput (145 sec). The important thing in the drying process is to volatilize solvent slowly and dry the volatilized thinner to make it form a laminar flow. The thickness profile of decompression drying method is not inferior to that of spin coating.
Studies on Antifungal Agents. Part 25. 1‐[(3,5‐Bisaryl‐2‐methylisoxazolidin‐3‐yl)methyl]‐1<i>H</i>‐1,2,4‐triazoles (1988)

Abstract The synthesis and antifungal activity of a novel series of 1‐[(3,5‐bisaryl‐2‐methylisoxazolidin‐3‐yl)methyl]‐1 H ‐1,2,4‐triazoles 6 and 7 ( i.e. 8 – 19 ) are discussed. The preparation of 8 – 19 was straightforward and highlighted by a regiospecific 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of α‐substituted ( E )‐ketonitrones 4 with appropriate atyrene derivatives 5 that led to a cis/trans ‐diastereoisomeric mixture of the corresponding triazoles ( Scheme ). The title compounds were evaluated for in vitro antifungal activity in solid agar cultures against a broad array of yeast and systemic mycoses and dermatophytes. The in vivo activity was determined in an immune‐compromised mouse model of systemic candidiasis. While the in vitro activity was evident throughout the series, it was moderate in potency. However, some of the triazole derivatives demonstrated a potent in vivo activity comparable to that of the standard drug ketoconazole. Analogue 12 (PR 988‐399) emerged as the best overall compound demonstrating potent antifungal activity in both in vitro and in vivo assays.
Protection against human and porcine enterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli in rats immunized with a cross-linked toxoid vaccine (1983)

To compare their relative immunogenicities, we used synthetically produced Escherichia coli heat-stable toxin coupled to a protein carrier and the B subunit of porcine heat-labile toxin separately in graded dosages to immunize rats. Equivalent antigen unit dosages of each toxin raised approximately the same level of mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) antitoxin response and degree of protection against a challenge with respective heat-stable- or heat-labile-toxin-producing viable bacteria. Conjugation conditions were identified, therefore, which yielded a vaccine of these toxins, cross-linked by the carbodiimide reaction, that consisted of equal antigenic proportions of each toxin component as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and expressed in antigen units. The dose-related response to immunization with this vaccine was the same as the response to its components given separately. The toxicity of the heat-stable toxin component was reduced greater than 600-fold. Immunization with optimal antigen unit dosages of the vaccine gave greater than or equal to sixfold increases in mucosal IgA antitoxin titers and provided significant (P less than 0.001) protection against challenge with heterologous serotypes of viable strains, of either human or porcine origin, that produce heat-stable or heat-labile toxin or both.
All-optical thrombotic stroke model for near-surface blood vessels in rat: focal illumination of exogeneous photosensitizers combined with real-time two-photon imaging (2003)

Photothrombotic microstrokes are produced in rat cortex by 532-nm single-photon optical excitation of an intravenously injected photosensitizer, rose bengal. The dynamics of blood flow and clot formation in the cortical vasculature are observed using two-photon laser scanning microscopy of an intravenously injected fluorescent dye. Flowing and clotted vessels are clearly distinguishable in both large and small vessels, down to individual capillaries, using this technique. We find that by tightly focusing the laser light used to excite the photosensitizer, clots can be formed in individual blood vessels without affecting neighboring vessels tens of micrometers away. We observe many changes in blood flow as a result of localized clot formation, including upstream vascular dilation, clot clearing, i.e. recanalization, and complete reversal of blood flow direction downstream.
Capsid-Based Platform for Nano-Theranostic Reagent as Modularized Capsule: A Review (2022)

Hepatitis E Virus Nanoparticle (HEVNP), a modularized theranostics capsule produced from the HEV virus-like particle (VLP), has been presented as a multifunctional platform for cancer targeting, imaging, and therapeutic applications. This can be accomplished by using HEVNPs' flexible domain to attach various functional peptides and/or chemicals to the capsule surface while encapsulating medicines, DNA/RNA, or even inorganic beads inside the capsule's core. VLPs have advantages in terms of effective cell penetration via active endocytosis, polyvalence (the ability to anchor several copies of active substances), and biocompatibility (the ability to withstand proteolytic degradation after delivery). HEVNP's tumor targeting, and encapsulation capabilities could be used as a modularized theranostics nano-capsule in a variety of medical applications, including oral vaccines, cancer imaging, tumor-directed hyperthermia treatment, organ/tissue targeting gene therapy, and other therapeutics that lack targeting capability.