gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Nitrogen Nutrition Status in Winter Wheat From Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Based Multi-Angular Multispectral Imagery (2019)

Rapid, non-destructive and accurate detection of crop N status is beneficial for optimized fertilizer applications and grain quality prediction in the context of precision crop management. Previous research on the remote estimation of crop N nutrition status was mostly conducted with ground-based spectral data from nadir or oblique angles. Few studies investigated the performance of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based multispectral imagery in regular nadir views for such a purpose, not to mention the feasibility of oblique or multi-angular images for improved estimation. This study employed a UAV-based five-band camera to acquire multispectral images at seven view zenith angles (VZAs) (0°, ± 20°, ± 40° and ±60°) for three critical growth stages of winter wheat. Four representative vegetation indices encompassing the Visible Atmospherically Resistant Index (VARI), Red edge Chlorophyll Index (CI<sub>red-edge</sub>), Green band Chlorophyll Index (CI<sub>green</sub>), Modified Normalized Difference Vegetation Index with a blue band (mND<sub>blue</sub>) were derived from the multi-angular images. They were used to estimate the N nutrition status in leaf nitrogen concentration (LNC), plant nitrogen concentration (PNC), leaf nitrogen accumulation (LNA), and plant nitrogen accumulation (PNA) of wheat canopies for a combination of treatments in N rate, variety and planting density. The results demonstrated that the highest accuracy for single-angle images was obtained with CI<sub>green</sub> for LNC from a VZA of -60° (<i>R<sup>2</sup></i> = 0.71, RMSE = 0.34%) and PNC from a VZA of -40° (<i>R<sup>2</sup></i> = 0.36, RMSE = 0.29%). When combining an off-nadir image (-40°) and the 0° image, the accuracy of PNC estimation was substantially improved (CI<sub>red-edge</sub>: <i>R<sup>2</sup></i> = 0.52, RMSE = 0.28%). However, the use of dual-angle images did not significantly increase the estimation accuracy for LNA and PNA compared to the use of single-angle images. Our findings suggest that it is important and practical to use oblique images from a UAV-based multispectral camera for better estimation of nitrogen concentration in wheat leaves or plants. The oblique images acquired from additional flights could be used alone or combined with the nadir-view images for improved crop N status monitoring.
WE-AB-BRB-06: A Temperature Independent Plastic Scintillation Detector Capable of Simultaneous Dose and Temperature Measurement (2015)

Purpose: To evaluate a measurement method that renders plastic scintillation detectors temperature independent and capable of recovering dose and temperature information simultaneously. Methods: A novel approach was developed to account for the temperature dependence of plastic scintillation detectors (PSDs) without prior knowledge of the temperature. To enable this, the optical response of the scintillating element is separated into two sub-components, one being the response at a given temperature and the other accounting for the change in the optical emission spectrum with temperature. Using a previously demonstrated hyperspectral approach and following the proper calibration protocol, the contribution to scintillator emission and physical value of both dose and temperature can be obtained in real-time. To validate the method, dose and temperature were measured under cobalt irradiation in a temperature controlled water tank developed for this study. The temperature was varied from 22°C to 42°C. Depth-dose curves were also obtained during irradiations from a linear accelerator, first maintaining the water at room temperature and then warming it to 40°C and letting it cool down naturally over the course of the second measurement. Results: Dose measurements delivered with the Co-60 unit showed an average relative difference to the expected value of (1.0±0.8)%, with a maximum difference of 2.3% over the entire range of temperatures. The measured temperatures using the PSD were all within 1°C of the expected values. The difference between room temperature and warmer depth dose measurements differed by only (1.2±0.4)%. The dosimeter showed to be accurate for temporal resolution down to 0.1s. Conclusion: The proposed method was shown to reliably correct for the temperature dependence of a PSD. Additionally, it makes it possible to assess the temperature at the point of measurement. These are significant advances in PSD technology, particularly in relation to real-time in vivo dosimetry. Part of this research was supported by the Odyssey Program at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.
Development of Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) for Use in Self-Decontaminating Coatings (2010)

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of short polypeptides usually associated with the host organism's innate immune system. AMPs have been identified in a wide range of host organisms, including plants, amphibians, fish, and humans. These peptides usually consist of 30-100 amino acids and are most often cationic. In addition to a net positive charge, AMPs often are amphipathic, containing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains. This property allows for increased interaction with and insertion into negatively charged cell walls and membranes of microbes. Because of the prevalence of antibiotic resistance among common human pathogens, recent research into AMPs has revolved around the attempt to increase the availability of drugs to which microbes are susceptible. Because the mechanism of kill for AMPs is different from that of most conventional antibiotics, which tend to be very specific in their targets, AMPs are thought to be a very attractive future substitute for traditional antibiotics. The development of novel self-decontaminating surfaces containing two AMPs previously isolated from Chrysophrys major is reported. These AMPs, Chrysophsin-1 and -3, demonstrated 1-4 logs kill of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria when incorporated into control acrylic coating systems.
Aconitase Regulation of Erythropoiesis Correlates with a Novel Licensing Function in Erythropoietin-Induced ERK Signaling (2011)

Direct aconitase inhibition interferes with erythropoiesis in vivo and in vitro, confirming a lineage-selective regulatory role involving its enzymatic activity. This inhibition spares metabolic function but impedes EPO-induced ERK signaling and disturbs a newly identified ERK-aconitase physical interaction. We propose a model in which aconitase functions as a licensing factor in ERK-dependent proliferation and differentiation, thereby providing a regulatory input for iron in EPO-dependent erythropoiesis. Directly targeting aconitase may provide an alternative to phlebotomy in the treatment of polycythemia vera.
MTJ-Based State Retentive Flip-Flop With Enhanced-Scan Capability to Sustain Sudden Power Failure (2015)

We present two non-volatile flip-flops (NVFFs) that incorporate magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) to ensure fast data storage and restoration from intentional and unintentional power outages. The proposed designs also facilitate enhanced scan mode testing capability by exploiting the nonvolatile latch to function as hold latch for delay testing. The proposed NVFF eliminates additional write drivers, and can operate at up to 2 GHz at 1.1 V, with 0.55 pJ of energy consumption in 22 nm predictive technology. We also address the issue of write asymmetry of MTJ through careful transistor upsizing to achieve near uniform write latency. A data-dependent power gating technique is proposed to mitigate the high static current during retention and back-to-back writing of the identical input data. The proposed gated NVFF achieves several orders of magnitude energy saving at the expense of 1.56X area compared to a standard enhanced scan flip-flop.
SU‐F‐I‐80: Correction for Bias in a Channelized Hotelling Model Observer Caused by Temporally Variable Non‐Stationary Noise (2016)

Purpose: Application of a channelized Hotelling model observer (CHO) over a wide range of x‐ray angiography detector target dose (DTD) levels demonstrated substantial bias for conditions yielding low detectability indices (d’), including low DTD and small test objects. The purpose of this work was to develop theory and methods to correct this bias. Methods: A hypothesis was developed wherein the measured detectability index (d'b) for a known test object is positively biased by temporally variable non‐stationary noise in the images. Hotelling's T2 test statistic provided the foundation for a mathematical theory which accounts for independent contributions to the measured d'b value from both the test object (d'o) and non‐stationary noise (d'ns). Experimental methods were developed to directly estimate d'o by determining d'ns and subtracting it from d'b, in accordance with the theory. Specifically, d'ns was determined from two sets of images from which the traditional test object was withheld. This method was applied to angiography images with DTD levels in the range 0 to 240 nGy and for disk‐shaped iodine‐based contrast targets with diameters 0.5 to 4.0 mm. Results: Bias in d’ was evidenced by d'b values which exceeded values expected from a quantum limited imaging system and decreasing object size and DTD. d'ns increased with decreasing DTD, reaching a maximum of 2.6 for DTD = 0. Bias‐corrected d'o estimates demonstrated sub‐quantum limited performance of the x‐ray angiography for low DTD. Findings demonstrated that the source of non‐stationary noise was detector electronic readout noise. Conclusion: Theory and methods to estimate and correct bias in CHO measurements from temporally variable non‐stationary noise were presented. The temporal non‐stationary noise was shown to be due to electronic readout noise. This method facilitates accurate estimates of d’ values over a large range of object size and detector target dose.
Quaternary ammonium fluoride catalysed halogenation of carbon acids by polyhaloalkanes (1992)

Y. Sasson and O. W. Webster, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1992, 1200 DOI: 10.1039/C39920001200
Human Toll-Like Receptor 2 Mediates Monocyte Activation by <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> , But Not by Group B Streptococci or Lipopolysaccharide (2000)

Human Toll like receptor (TLR) 2 has been implicated as a signaling receptor for LPS from Gram-negative bacteria and cell wall components from Gram-positive organisms. In this study, we investigated whether TLR2 can signal cell activation by the heat-killed group B streptococci type III (GBS) and Listeria monocytogenes (HKLM). HKLM, but not GBS, showed a time- and dose-dependent activation of Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with human TLR2, as measured by translocation of NF-kappaB and induction of IL-6 production. A mAb recognizing a TLR2-associated epitope (TL2.1) was generated that inhibited IL-6 production from Chinese hamster ovary-TLR2 cells stimulated with HKLM or LPS. The TL2.1 mAb reduced HKLM-induced TNF production from human monocytes by 60%, whereas a CD14 mAb (3C10) reduced the TNF production by 30%. However, coadministrating TL2.1 and 3C10 inhibited the TNF response by 80%. In contrast to this, anti-CD14 blocked LPS-induced TNF production from monocytes, whereas anti-TLR2 showed no inhibition. Neither TL2.1 nor 3C10 affected GBS-induced TNF production. These results show that TLR2 can function as a signaling receptor for HKLM, possibly together with CD14, but that TLR2 is unlikely to be involved in cell activation by GBS. Furthermore, although LPS can activate transfected cell lines through TLR2, this receptor does not seem to be the main transducer of LPS activation of human monocytes. Thus, our data demonstrate the ability of TLR2 to distinguish between different pathogens.
Genetic diversity in <i>Aspergillus flavus</i>: association with aflatoxin production and morphology (1993)

Isolates of Aspergillus flavus belonging to at least 12 vegetative compatibility groups were characterized by aflatoxin production in vitro, morphology, and random amplified polymorphic DNAs. Aflatoxin B 1 production differed significantly among vegetative compatibility groups; closely related isolates were similar intoxigenicity regardless of geographic origin. Cladistic analysis of DNA polymorphisms was consistent with vegetative compatibility data. A previously described dichotomy between S and L isolates of A. flavus based on morphology and physiology was strongly associated with both vegetative compatibility groups and DNA polymorphisms. All S isolates formed a single clade, apparently derived from the L group. Southern hybridizations of eight DNA amplification products showed that comigrating bands amplified by the same primer were always homologous within A. flavus but were not always homologous between A. flavus and closely related species. Results suggest that A. flavus is a species aggregate, that genotypes are dispersed over wide areas, and that aflatoxin production is more stable in nature than in culture. Key words: vegetative compatibility groups, random amplified polymorphic DNA, sclerotia, aflatoxin.
Methylation status of<i>IGFBP-3</i>as a useful clinical tool for deciding on a concomitant radiotherapy (2014)

The methylation status of the IGFBP-3 gene is strongly associated with cisplatin sensitivity in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we found in vitro evidence that linked the presence of an unmethylated promoter with poor response to radiation. Our data also indicate that radiation might sensitize chemotherapy-resistant cells by reactivating IGFBP-3-expression through promoter demethylation, inactivating the PI3K/AKT pathway. We also explored the IGFBP-3 methylation effect on overall survival (OS) in a population of 40 NSCLC patients who received adjuvant therapy after R0 surgery. Our results indicate that patients harboring an unmethylated promoter could benefit more from a chemotherapy schedule alone than from a multimodality therapy involving radiotherapy and platinum-based treatments, increasing their OS by 2.5 y (p = .03). Our findings discard this epi-marker as a prognostic factor in a patient population without adjuvant therapy, indicating that radiotherapy does not improve survival for patients harboring an unmethylated IGFBP-3 promoter.
A New Blind SLM Scheme With Low Decoding Complexity for OFDM Systems (2012)

In this paper, a new blind selected mapping (BSLM) scheme is proposed for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems. The proposed BSLM scheme embeds the side information identifying a phase sequence into itself by giving the optimal phase offset to the elements of each phase sequence, which are determined by the biorthogonal vectors for the partitioned subblocks. When <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">U</i> phase sequences and maximum likelihood decoder are used, the proposed BSLM scheme reduces the decoding complexity by ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">U</i> -2)/ <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">U</i> compared with the conventional BSLM scheme. Also, pairwise error probability (PEP) analysis for the proposed BSLM scheme is performed over the fading channel. Based on the PEP analysis, the bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed BSLM scheme is shown to be determined by the subblock partitioning and phase offset. Finally, it is shown that for QPSK and 16-QAM, the detection failure probability and the BER of the proposed BSLM scheme are almost the same as those of the conventional BSLM scheme through numerical analysis.
Ozone-Activated Nanoporous Gold: A Stable and Storable Material for Catalytic Oxidation (2017)

We report a new method for facile and reproducible activation of nanoporous gold (npAu) materials of different forms for the catalytic selective partial oxidation of alcohols under ambient pressure, steady flow conditions. This method, based on the surface cleaning of npAu ingots with ozone to remove carbon documented in ultrahigh vacuum conditions, produces active npAu catalysts from ingots, foils, and shells by flowing an ozone/dioxygen mixture over the catalyst at 150 °C, followed by a temperature ramp from 50 to 150 °C in a flowing stream of 10% methanol and 20% oxygen. With this treatment, all three materials (ingots, foils, and shells) can be reproducibly activated, despite potential carbonaceous poisons resulting from their synthesis, and are highly active for the selective oxidation of primary alcohols over prolonged periods of time. The npAu materials activated in this manner exhibit catalytic behavior substantially different from those activated under different conditions previously reported. On...
Detection of tissue plasminogen activator (t‐PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor 2(PAI‐2) in gingival crevicular fluid from healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis patients (2000)

This study indicates that t-PA and PAI-2 may play a significant rôle in the periodontal tissue destruction and tissue remodeling and that t-PA and PAI-2 in GCF may be used as clinical markers to evaluate the periodontal diseases and assess treatment.
Scalable Linear Predictive Coding of Time-Consistent 3D Mesh Sequences (2007)

We present a linear predictive compression approach for time-consistent 3D mesh sequences supporting and exploiting scalability. The algorithm decomposes each frame of a mesh sequence in layers employing patch-based mesh simplification techniques. This layered decomposition is consistent in time. Following the predictive coding paradigm, local temporal and spatial dependencies between layers and frames are exploited for compression. Prediction is performed vertex-wise from coarse to fine layers exploiting the motion of already encoded 1-ring neighbor vertices for prediction of the current vertex location. It is shown that a predictive exploitation of the proposed layered configuration of vertices can improve the compression performance upon other state-of-the-art approaches by up to 16% in domains relevant for applications.
Robust power system state estimation for the nonlinear AC flow model (2012)

An important monitoring task for power systems is accurate estimation of the system operation state. Under the nonlinear AC power flow model, the state estimation (SE) problem is inherently nonconvex giving rise to many local optima. In addition to nonconvexity, SE is challenged by data integrity and cyber-security issues. Unfortunately, existing robust (R-) SE schemes employed routinely in practice rely on iterative solvers, which are sensitive to initialization and cannot ensure global optimality. A novel R-SE approach is formulated here by capitalizing on the sparsity of an overcomplete outlier vector model. Observability and identifiability issues of this model are investigated, and neat links are established between R-SE and error control coding. The convex semidefinite relaxation (SDR) technique is further pursued to render the nonconvex R-SE problem efficiently solvable. The resultant algorithm markedly out-performs existing iterative alternatives, as corroborated through numerical tests on the standard IEEE 30-bus system.
Modulated Imaging: Advancements in Diffuse Optical Tomography and Spectroscopy (2006)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text D. J. Cuccia, F. Bevilacqua, A. Li, A. J. Durkin, R. Frostig, and B. J. Tromberg, "Modulated Imaging: Advancements in Diffuse Optical Tomography and Spectroscopy," in Biomedical Optics, Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2006), paper WD3. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Report on ProSim'04 (2004)

This paper reports on the 5th International Workshop on Software Process Simulation and Modeling (ProSim 2004), held in Edinburgh, Scotland, from the 24th to 25th May 2004, co-hosted with the 26th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE 2004). Since 1998, ProSim has been a successful international workshop that show-cases the leading research in the software process simulation and modeling domain and attracts many of the leading researchers and industrial practitioners in these areas. In 2004, ProSim attracted more than 30 participants from America, Asia, Australia/New Zealand and Europe. According to the feedback received from participants, the goals of this workshop were fully achieved. The planning of ProSim 2005 has yet been started.
Anti-inflammatory and pro-healing activities of HYCOs, novel Nrf2/HO-1 activators that simultaneously release carbon monoxide (2016)

Oxidative stress and inflammation are constant features of many chronic disorders including skin diseases and diabetes hence the need to develop efficient therapeutic approaches. We are currently working on drug discovery targeting the nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related-factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor controlling the expression of detoxifying and cytoprotective genes, including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). It has previously showed that the delivery of carbon monoxide (CO) via CO-releasing molecules (CO-RMs) diminishes tissue injury caused by inflammation and oxidative stress. Here we report the characterization of novel molecules activating Nrf2/HO-1 and simultaneously releasing CO. These compounds termed hybrid CO-RMs (HYCOs) were obtained by coordinating a CO-RM moiety to a fumaric ester, a known Nrf2/HO-1 inducer. Fourteen HYCOs were characterized in vitro using human THP-1 monocytes and HaCaT keratinocytes. Five among the 14 compounds tested were able to significantly induce Nrf2/HO-1 and release CO in both cell types. Furthermore, three HYCOs decreased the production of pro-inflammatory markers in THP-1 cells challenged with lipopolysaccharide. When an in vitro wound was created in keratinocytes, two HYCOs accelerated wound closure in a concentration-dependent manner. These data suggest that HYCOs possess anti-inflammatory and reparative properties which will be studied in animal models of skin wound healing.
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR MUTATIONS (1998)

Cystic fibrosis (CF) phenotypes are determined by mutations in the CF gene, genetic background, and environment. The nature of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mutation determines the extent of protein function. CFTR mutations that abolish protein function are associated with severe CF phenotypes. Mutants that retain partial function of CFTR are associated with mild phenotypes. The effect of CFTR dysfunction is variable in different tissues. Atypical phenotypes caused by mutations in the CF gene may be revealed by CFTR mutation analysis and family studies. These phenotypes help to define the spectrum of clinical manifestations caused by CFTR mutations.
3D wind field reconstruction for turbulence avoidance with airborne Radar (2011)

Atmospheric Turbulence is a frequent cause of injury on board airliners even equipped with Doppler Radar for turbulence warning. Up until now, these warnings were based on the measurement of statistical properties of the radial component of the wind, measured nearly horizontally, ahead the aircraft (the only one which is measurable by Radar). Some hypotheses, such as the isotropy of the turbulence, are made to estimate the other components: indeed, "en-route" aircrafts are mainly disturbed by vertical and lateral turbulences. The proposed method performs a 3D reconstruction, without a priori assumption of the wind field. In the future, this method could provide detection of Clear Air Turbulence by inference; even help mitigate the effects of turbulence by coupling the radar to the flight control computer.