gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3238: Synthesis and evaluation of 17-oximino-estrone derivatives as potential anti-breast cancer agents (2011)

Abstract The selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) tamoxifen (TAM) is the gold standard used in the treatment of estrogen-dependent breast cancer. Although it significantly benefited women with breast cancer, time-dependent tumor resistance and the risk of endometrium cancer are associated with it. Consequently, there is an urgent need for alternative treatments. PURPOSE: Incorporating the oxime moiety in conjunction with various basic side chains associated with the pharmacophore of the SERMs into estrone may yield various estrone derivatives with antiestrogenic activity. The estrone derivatives were compared to 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen (4-OH-TAM) and raloxifene (RAL). METHODS: The estrone derivatives were synthesized using established chemical procedures. The Southern Research Institute in Birmingham, Alabama carried out the cytotoxicity studies in MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and Ishikawa cancer cells. They tested different concentrations of the six different estrone derivatives ranging from .01 nM to 100,000 nM on 5000 MCF-7 cells/well, on 5000 MDA-MB-231 cells/well and on 5000 Ishikawa cells/well. Cells pre-treated with the various estrone derivatives were incubated at 37°C for 3 days followed by MTS assay. Their IC50 values were generated using GraphPad Prism 5.0. RESULTS: Our compounds demonstrated anti-proliferative activity in MCF-7 cells but they were not as potent as 4-OH-TAM(2µM) or RAL (3µM). Compounds 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7 (31µM, 29µM, 30µM, 30µM, and 29µM respectively) were comparable in potency to RAL (28µM) in MDA-MB-231 cells but all were not as potent as 4-OH-TAM (22µM). Compounds 3, 6, and 7 (20µM, 20µM, and 17µM respectively) were comparable or greater in potency to 4-OH-TAM (20µM) in Ishikawa cells and compounds 2, 3, 6, and 7 (24µM, 20µM, 20µM, and 17µM respectively) were comparable or greater in potency to RAL (23µM). CONCLUSION: Applying the oxime moiety in conjunction with the pharmacophore of the SERMs to estrone produced agents with antiproliferative activity. They also showed antiproliferative activity in estrogen-receptor negative MDA-MB-231 cells. These results suggest that several of the estrone derivatives show promise as potential anti-breast cancer agents. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3238. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3238
Classical scattering in a high beta self-collider/FRC (1994)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation N. Rostoker, M. Binderbauer, R. Skiner; Classical scattering in a high beta self‐collider/FRC. AIP Conf. Proc. 20 July 1994; 311 (1): 168–185. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.46557 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
A distributed decision approach to speaker verification (2002)

A speaker-verification system based on an HMM connected word recognizer and a distributed detection decision algorithm is presented. We discuss a text-independent system in which the local decisions are based on individual spectral parameters, and a text-dependent system in which the local decisions are based on the spectral parameters for a single word. The text-independent system assumes the parameter vectors to be normally distributed, while the text-dependent system uses a nonparametric test based solely on the imposter distribution. In both cases, the distributed approach provides robustness against discrepancies between the statistical characteristics of the speech parameters in the training and the test phases. Both distributed-decision speaker verification systems have been evaluated on a database of speech collected during the trial of a real verification system and have been shown to be superior to systems based on conventional decision algorithms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The emerging role of class II histone deacetylases (2001)

Histone acetylation and deacetylation play essential roles in modifying chromatin structure and regulating gene expression in all eukaryotes. Several histone acetyltransferases have been identified that act as transcriptional coactivators. In contrast, histone deacetylases (HDACs) are part of transcriptional corepressor complexes. Based on their similarity to known yeast factors, the human HDACs are grouped into three classes. Class I HDACs are similar to the yeast transcriptional repressor yRPD3, while class II HDACs are related to yHDA1 and class III HDACs to ySIR2. In this review, we focus on the biology of class II HDACs. These newly discovered enzymes have been implicated in cell differentiation and development, and many molecular details are emerging that shed light on class II HDAC function and regulation. We discuss the biological role of these factors in the context of physiological processes.
Sintering-Based In-Situ Synthesis and Characterization by TEM of Noble Metal Nanoparticles for Ceramic Glaze Color Control (2021)

Gold and silver salt mixtures are incorporated in ceramic glazes for in situ development of mixtures of gold and silver nanoparticles (NPs) that subsequently allow for a wide spectrum of low metal loading color control within ceramic materials. Prior work has shown that gold NPs can be used to create vibrant, color-rich red pigments in high-temperature ceramic and glass applications, though the achievable diameter of the gold NP ultimately limits the available range of color. The current study significantly expands color control from traditional gold nanoparticle red through silver nanoparticle green via the alteration of gold-to-silver salt ratios incorporated in the glaze formulations prior to sintering. Nanoparticle-based coloring systems are tested in both oxidative and reductive firing atmospheres. While the oxidation environment is found to be prohibitive for silver NP stability, the reductive atmosphere is able to form and sustain mixtures of gold and silver NPs across a wide color spectrum. All glazes are analyzed via reflectance spectrometry for color performance and samples are characterized via TEM and EDS for composition and sizing trends. This study creates new groundwork for a color-controlled NP system based on noble metal ratio blends that are both nontoxic and achieved with radically lower metal pigment loading than traditional glazes.
Chaotic signal detection and estimation based on attractor sets: Applications to secure communications (2008)

We consider the problem of detection and estimation of chaotic signals in the presence of white Gaussian noise. Traditionally this has been a difficult problem since generalized likelihood ratio tests are difficult to implement due to the chaotic nature of the signals of interest. Based on Poincare's recurrence theorem we derive an algorithm for approximating a chaotic time series with unknown initial conditions. The algorithm approximates signals using elements carefully chosen from a dictionary constructed based on the chaotic signal's attractor. We derive a detection approach based on the signal estimation algorithm and show, with simulated data, that the new approach can outperform other methods for chaotic signal detection. Finally, we describe how the attractor based detection scheme can be used in a secure binary digital communications protocol.
Molecular cloning of a carotenoid‐associated protein from <i>Cucumis sativus</i> corollas: homologous genes involved in carotenoid sequestration in chromoplasts (1996)

Chromoplasts are carotenoid-accumulating plastids found in the corollas and fruits of many higher plants. In most cases, the pigment in these plastids is accumulated with the aid of carotenoid-associated proteins located within unique structures. This paper reports the isolation and characterization of the cDNA (CHRC) from Cucumis sativus corollas which encodes the chromoplast-specific carotenoid-associated protein CHRC. The transit peptide cleavage site was determined and, using a chloroplast uptake system, it is shown that CHRC can be post-translationally targeted to these plastids where it is peripherally associated with thylakoids. Analysis of CHRC transcript level in Cucumis sativus revealed its temporal and tissue-specific regulation: the transcript was detected only in corollas, where its level increased in parallel to flower development, peaking just before anthesis. CHRC shares significant homology (59%) with the gene coding for fibrillin-a protein in Capsicum annuum red fruits whose function is essentially identical to that of CHRC. A CHRC fragment including the potential active site of the protein was used as a probe in Northern blot analyses of floral and fruit tissues from various plants containing chromoplasts of different types: CHRC homologs of similar sizes were revealed in all cases. The existence of a group of homologous genes coding for chromoplast-specific proteins which aid in the sequestration of carotenoids within specific structures is proposed.
Efficient Approximation of Diagonal Unitaries over the Clifford+T Basis (2014)

We present an algorithm for the approximate decomposition of diagonal operators, focusing specifically on decompositions over the Clifford+$T$ basis, that minimize the number of phase-rotation gates in the synthesized approximation circuit. The equivalent $T$-count of the synthesized circuit is bounded by $k \, C_0 \log_2(1/\varepsilon) + E(n,k)$, where $k$ is the number of distinct phases in the diagonal $n$-qubit unitary, $\varepsilon$ is the desired precision, $C_0$ is a quality factor of the implementation method ($1
The Effect of Keto-analogues of Essential Amino Acids in Severe Chronic Uremia (1973)

Alpha keto-analogues of valine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, phenylalanine, and (in one instance) tryptophan and histidine, along with the remaining essential amino acids, were administered orally to 10 patients with severe chronic uremia fed a diet low in protein but adequate in calories. Ketoacid dosage varied from 6 to 14 g daily, as sodium or calcium salts. Net nitrogen intake, calculated as intake minus urinary protein nitrogen, averaged 1.8 g/day. The urea space was either estimated or measured with [(14)C]urea and daily changes in the body urea pool were calculated. Urea appearance was measured as the sum of urea excretion and the change in urea pool. If these ketoacids were converted to amino acids and utilized for protein synthesis, a fall in urea nitrogen appearance should occur. In five subjects, ketoacids were given for 15-18 days and then withdrawn. Urea nitrogen appearance increased 1.55 g/day on withdrawing ketoacids, and corrected nitrogen balance decreased by 1.73 g/day. In two other subjects ketoacid administration was followed, on two occasions each, by a period of administration of nine essential amino acids. In three of these four instances, urea appearance rose significantly with amino acids. In four patients studied at high blood urea levels, ketoacid treatment was relatively ineffective; two of these patients responded more favorably when studied again after peritoneal dialysis. One of these improved enough clinically to be managed as an out-patient for short intervals, despite virtual anuria. No accumulation of ketoacids in plasma or urine could be detected, and no toxicity was identified.
A neuro-fuzzy tube leak detection system (2002)

Proposes a boiler tube leak detection system (TLDS) that uses monitored boiler process variables. The system uses artificial neural networks for learning and fuzzy logic for decision making. Contrary to existing TLDS the proposed design does not require any new instrumentation hardware or maintenance. The system design is discussed. In addition, the performance of the system is analyzed using field data.
An approach to carry out consistency analysis on requirements: Validating and tracking requirements through a configuration structure (2013)

Requirements management and traceability have always been one of grand challenges in software development area. Studies reveal that 30-40% of software defects can be traced to gaps or errors in requirements Although several models and techniques have been defined to optimize the requirements process, ensuring alignment and consistency of elicited requirements continues to be a challenge. All software engineering standards and methodologies recognize the importance of maintaining relationships among the software elements for traceability. We have leveraged the structured relationships among the requirement elements to come up with an approach to systematically carry out consistency analysis of requirements for software systems. The framework has multiple models: a multi layered requirement model, a configuration structure to link and track the requirement items, a consistency analysis method to identify the inconsistencies in the requirements and a consistency index computation to indicate the level of consistency in overall requirements of the software system. This approach helps to validate the requirements from both completeness and correctness perspectives and also check their consistency in forward and backward directions. The paper outlines the framework, describes the encompassing models and the implementation details from pilot of the framework to an industry case study along with results.
Investigating Mature B-Cell Lymphomas by MicroRNA Profiling. (2007)

Abstract In order to understand the role of microRNA (miRNAs) in mature B cell function and lymphomagenesis, we analyzed the miRNA expression profile of B cells at different stages of differentiation by cloning of short RNA and by array-based miRNA expression studies. We generated libraries representative of miRNAs expressed in normal germinal center (GC), naïve and memory B cells isolated from human tonsils and in a Burkitt lymphoma cell line (Ramos). Short RNAs were gel purified and linked to adaptor oligonucleotides, reverse transcribed, PCR amplified, cloned into an expression vector, and subjected to sequencing. Candidate miRNAs have been aligned to the human genome to retrieve their potential precursor sequences, whose folding characteristics have been analyzed in order to identify bona fide precursors. The cloned and structurally validated miRNA precursors have been matched to the public miRNA database (miRBase v10.0) to detect previously identified miRNA sequences. The results show that 201 (109 previously known and 92 newly discovered) mature miRNAs were cloned from normal B cells and Ramos cell line. Overall, this analysis led to the discovery of 92 not previously reported miRNAs and allowed us to identify the complete miRNA expression profile of different stages of B cell development. The cloning data show a good degree of concordance with the array-based analysis leading to the identification of a distinct miRNA expression profile for each normal B cell population. Naïve and memory B cells appear to share a large fraction of their miRNA profile while centroblasts display a clearly unique pattern of miRNA expression. We performed a comprehensive analysis of miRNA expression profiles of GC-derived lymphomas (Burkitt lymphoma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma) using the same microarray platform including approximately 500 miRNA sequences. Each tumor type shows a distinct profile that separates them from their normal counterpart. Interestingly, initial results indicate that a set of miRNAs is expressed in normal GC cells, but not in lymphoma samples and cell lines, suggesting that structural and/or functional alterations of miRNAs occur during lymphomagenesis.
Zur Struktur von Papulacandin B, einem neuen antifungischen Antibiotikum. Vorläufige Mitteilung (1977)

On the structure of Papulacandin B, a new antibiotic with antifungal activity Structure 1 has been established for Papulacandin B (C 47 H 64 O 17 ), a new antibiotic from Papularia sphaerosperma (P ERS .) H Öhnel by means of spectral analysis of 1 and some derivatives and degradation products. Base catalysed hydrolysis of 1 gave the two unsaturated fatty acids 2 and 3 and the spirocyclic diglycosid 4 . The structure of 4 was determined by further degradation reactions.
Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy with high contrast (2005)

Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) is emerging as a promising spectroscopic tool for nanoscale characterization of chemical composition, structure, stresses and conformational states. However, its widespread application requires optimization of the technique to reproducibly achieve sufficiently high contrast between near-field and far-field signals. We present a TERS spectrometer, based on side illumination geometry, which demonstrates reproducible enhancements of the Raman signal of the order of 10<sup>3</sup>-10<sup>4</sup> for a variety of molecular, polymeric and semi-conducting samples using both silver- and gold-coated tips. We estimate the localization of the Raman signal enhancement to be ~20 nm. For thick samples, the contrast is limited by a strong far-field signal (from the laser illuminated spot) that overpowers the near-field signal (enhanced in the vicinity of the tip). Optimizing the polarization geometry and the incident angle, we have achieved a contrast between near-field and far-field signal of 12 times on (100) Si - a level that makes this technique attractive for characterization of silicon nanostructures.
Human Breast Cancer Markers Defined by Monoclonal Antibodies (1985)

Numerous monoclonal antibodies (Mab) have been described that are reactive with human mammary carcinomas. In general, they can be classified into three groups based on the immunogen used to generate the Mab; these are Mab derived using (a) breast tumor cell lines, (b) milk fat globule membrane, or (c) membrane enriched extracts of breast carcinoma metastases as immunogen. Each of the Mab thus far described (Colcher et al., 1981a; Sloan and Omerod, 1981; Taylor-Papadimitriou et al., 1981; To et al., 1981; Arklie et al., 1982; Epenetos et al., 1982a,b; Foster et al., 1982; Gatter et al., 1982; Nuti et al., 1982; Rasmussen et al., 1982; Colcher et al., 1983a; Hand et al., 1983; Menard et al., 1983; Papsidero et al., 1983; Thompson et al., 1983) including those prepared by several different groups to milk fat globule membrane, appears to be unique with respect to either percent of reactive mammary tumors, percent of reactive cells within tumors, location of reactive antigen within the tumor cell, or degree of reactivity with nonmammary tumors as well as normal tissues.
Lowering the Air‐Electrode Interfacial Resistance in Medium‐Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (1992)

A new approach for lowering the air‐electrode interfacial resistance in medium‐temperature solid oxide fuel cells is described. Thin interfacial layers of (YSB) were interposed between Ag electrodes and (YSZ) electrolytes and their resistance measured in air using complex impedance analysis. The layers were deposited by magnetron sputtering. decreased as the YSB thickness increased, approaching the value for Ag on bulk YSB. For example, at 750°C decreased from ≈10 Ω‐cm2 for Ag on YSZ to ≈1.6 Ω‐cm2 for . Larger values yielded , the same as the value for Ag on a YSB electrolyte. Auger electron spectroscopy measurements showed that the coverage of YSZ surfaces by YSB increased rapidly with increasing up to ≈50 nm; the thickness variation of was thus readily explained by the variation of the YSB and YSZ surface areas. Initial results for on YSZ with a 50 nm thick YSB layer yielded at 750°C.
Effect of photon-energy-dependent loss and gain mechanisms on polarization switching in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (1999)

We have analyzed the effect of the photon energy and temperature dependence of both the gain and the total losses inside the cavity to understand the polarization behavior of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers. The assumption that the losses are dominated by free-carrier absorption in the p-doped mirror is made. Developing a new theoretical approach, we are able to predict different polarization switching regimes in which switching occurs from the high- to the low-frequency mode, from the low- to the high-frequency mode, or both consecutively. All these predictions have been experimentally verified by our measurements on GaAs/AlGaAs proton-implanted vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers.
Au@MoS<sub>2</sub> Core–Shell Heterostructures with Strong Light–Matter Interactions (2016)

There are emerging opportunities to harness diverse and complex geometric architectures based on nominal two-dimensional atomically layered structures. Herein we report synthesis and properties of a new core-shell heterostructure, termed Au@MoS<sub>2</sub>, where the Au nanoparticle is snugly and contiguously encapsulated by few shells of MoS<sub>2</sub> atomic layers. The heterostructures were synthesized by direct growth of multilayer fullerene-like MoS<sub>2</sub> shell on Au nanoparticle cores. The Au@MoS<sub>2</sub> heterostructures exhibit interesting light-matter interactions due to the structural curvature of MoS<sub>2</sub> shell and the plasmonic effect from the underlying Au nanoparticle core. We observed significantly enhanced Raman scattering and photoluminescence emission on these heterostructures. We attribute these enhancements to the surface plasmon-induced electric field, which simulations show to mainly localize within the MoS<sub>2</sub> shell. We also found potential evidence for the charge transfer-induced doping effect on the MoS<sub>2</sub> shell. The DFT calculations further reveal that the structural curvature of MoS<sub>2</sub> shell results in a modification of its electronic structure, which may facilitate the charge transfer from MoS<sub>2</sub> to Au. Such Au@MoS<sub>2</sub> core-shell heterostructures have the potential for future optoelectronic devices, optical imaging, and other energy-environmental applications.
Enhanced Traction Stability Control System (2005)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper is directed to an <u>E</u>nhanced <u>T</u>raction <u>S</u>tability <u>C</u>ontrol System (ETSC) that is based on the estimate of vehicle yaw rate and does not require yaw rate or lateral accelerometer sensors information. The validity of the yaw rate estimate is determined and used to select the appropriate control methodology. We estimate the vehicle yaw rate based on the measured speeds of the un-driven wheels of the vehicle, and we utilize various other conditions to determine if the estimated yaw rate is valid for control purposes. When it is determined that the yaw rate is valid, a combined closed-loop yaw rate feedback, and an open-loop feed-forward derivative control based on the driver input is employed. Whereas in conditions under which it is determined that the estimated yaw rate is not valid, an open-loop feed-forward control with a proportional, derivative and a diminishing integrator terms, is employed. In addition, we develop a bank angle compensation algorithm using the steering angle, vehicle speed, and the estimated yaw rate to compensate for the effect of banked road. Test results indicate marked enhancement of vehicle stability with ETSC when compared with ABS and TCS. Finally, we present test results to compare the performance of ETSC system to yaw rate feedback control only <u>E</u>lectronic <u>S</u>tability <u>C</u>ontrol System (ESC) using yaw rate and lateral accelerometer sensors information.</div>