gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Weak Convergence of Integrands and the Young Measure Representation (1992)

Validity of the Young measure representation is useful in the study of microstructure of ordered solids. Such a Young measure, generated by a minimizing sequence of gradients converging weakly in $L^p $, often needs to be evaluated on functions of the pth power polynomial growth. A sufficient condition for this evaluation is given in terms of the variational principle. The principal result, Theorem 2.1, concerns lower semicontinuity of functionals integrated over arbitrary sets. The question arose in the numerical analysis of equilibrium configurations of crystals with rapidly varying microstructure, whose specific application is treated elsewhere. Several applications are given. Of particular note, Young measure solutions of an evolution problem are found.
Catching modern botnets using active integrated evidential reasoning (2013)

Botnets are now recognized as one of the major security threats to start various security attacks (e.g., spamming, DDoS). Although substantial research has been done towards botnet detection, it is becoming much more difficult today, especially for highly polymorphic, intelligent and stealthy modern botnets. Traditional botnet detection (e.g., signature, anomaly or flow based) approaches cannot effectively detect modern botnets. In this paper, we propose a novel active integrated evidential reasoning approach called SeeBot to detect modern botnets. SeeBot can seamlessly and incrementally combine host and network level evidences and incorporate active actions into passive evidential reasoning process to improve the efficiency and accuracy of botnet detection. Our experiments show that both performance and accuracy of botnet detection can be greatly improved by the active evidential reasoning, especially when the evidence is weak, hidden or lost.
A Novel Distributed Secondary Coordination Control Approach for Islanded Microgrids (2016)

This paper develops a new distributed secondary cooperative control scheme to coordinate distributed generators (DGs) in islanded microgrids (MGs). A finite time frequency regulation strategy containing a consensus-based distributed active power regulator is presented, which can not only guarantee the active power sharing but also enable all DGs' frequencies to converge to the reference value within a finite time. This enables the frequency and voltage control designs to be separated. Then an observer-based distributed voltage regulator involving certain reactive power sharing constraints is proposed, which allows different set points for different DGs and, thus, accounts for the line impedance effects. The steady-state performance analysis shows that the voltage regulator can accurately address the issue of global voltage regulation and accurate reactive power sharing. Moreover, all the distributed controllers are equipped with bounded control inputs to suppress the transient overshoot, and they are implemented through sparse communication networks. The effectiveness of the control in case of load variation, plug-and-play capability, communication topology change, link failure, time delays, and data drop-out are verified by the simulation of an islanded MG in MATLAB/SimPowerSystems.
Prestin as an Otologic Biomarker of Cisplatin Ototoxicity in a Guinea Pig Model (2017)

Objective To evaluate (1) whether changes in serum prestin aid in early detection of cisplatin ototoxicity, (2) the role of diltiazem as an otoprotectant, and (3) whether prestin levels are sensitive to effects of diltiazem. Study Design Experimental animal study. Setting Translational research laboratory. Subjects Twenty female guinea pigs. Methods Two groups of 10 guinea pigs were used. The relationship between serum prestin levels and auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds was compared between the groups. All animals had baseline blood draws and ABR thresholds recorded prior to cisplatin administration. Intraperitoneal cisplatin bolus (8 mg/kg) was administered followed by 5 consecutive days of intratympanic (IT) diltiazem (2 mg/kg) or sham IT-saline injection. Serum prestin levels and ABR thresholds were measured at days 1, 2, 3, 7, and 14 postcisplatin. Results In sham, IT-saline-treated animals, mean prestin levels were elevated above baseline on days 1 to 7. The prestin levels were significantly elevated from baseline on day 1 ( P < .001), while significant ABR threshold elevations did not occur until day 2 ( P = .028) for click-evoked ABRs and day 3 ( P = .041) for tones. In diltiazem-treated animals, prestin levels were not elevated above baseline but ABR thresholds were elevated on days 1 to 3. However, the thresholds returned toward baseline on days 7 and 14. Conclusion Changes in serum prestin levels were detectable prior to shifts in ABR thresholds in a guinea pig cisplatin ototoxicity model. These changes did not occur in diltiazem-treated animals. Prestin may serve as a biomarker of cochlear injury that is sensitive to therapeutic interventions in cisplatin ototoxicity.
Inhibition of endogenous SPARC enhances pancreatic cancer cell growth: modulation by FGFR1-III isoform expression (2009)

Endogenous SPARC inhibits the malignant phenotype of PDAC cells and may, therefore, act as a tumour suppressor in PDAC. Endogenous SPARC expression can be modulated by FGFR1-III isoform expression. In addition, PDAC cells may inhibit endogenous SPARC expression in surrounding PSCs by paracrine actions.
Watching how you drive (1996)

Installing an accident data recorder (ADR)-`black box'-to record vehicle accident information could reduce risks for drivers and help to improve road safety. Two research projects funded under the European Union's DRIVE (Dedicated Road Infrastructure for Vehicle Safety in Europe) programme are discussed. The first project, DRACO (Driving Accident Coordinating Observer), which began in 1989 under DRIVE 1, examined the specification and design of such a device. It concluded that existing technology could produce a suitable recorder for about £100 in mass production quantities. DRACO was followed by the SAMOVAR (Safety Assessment Monitoring On-Vehicle with Automatic Recording) project which took the ADR concept into a field trial to assess the implications for driver behaviour It is clear that the behaviour of drivers, in terms of their attitude to the handling and control of a vehicle, might be significantly improved by the use of ADRs.
Performance Analysis of the Trellis Coded DS/SSMA System in Multipath Fading and Multiuser Channel Environments (1997)

In this paper, we investigate the performance of the direct sequence/spread spectrum multiple access (DS/SSMA) system using the Trellis coded modulation (TCM) technique in both multipath fading and multi-user channel environments. For this, an expression that represents the pairwise bit error probability of the system is derived. Unlike the existing results that were performed in a more restrictive condition considering only the multi-user effect, the effects of the multipath fading as well as the multi-user environments are compositely taken into account. In order to check the validity of our analysis, although not direct, computer simulations are carried out, and they show that our expression matches exactly with the previous work for which the TCM and the multipath effects were disregarded. Moreover, it is observed that the performance of the Trellis coded DS/SSMA system can be improved dramatically comparing to the uncoded QPSK system in the multipath fading and multi-user channel environments.
A Real-Time Android-Based Monitoring System for the Power Lithium-Ion Battery Used on EVs (2017)

For safe and reliable operation of lithium-ion batteries on electric vehicles (EVs), the online monitoring and states estimation of the batteries is necessary. To make it convenient for every vehicle owner to monitor the battery status of their vehicles anytime and anywhere, we designed a real-time Android-based monitoring system for lithium-ion batteries on EVs, which achieves an integration monitoring system of batteries, phones, computers for owners and repairs. The system is composed of an on-board monitoring device, android phone client, cloud server. Android phone collects and displays the batteries operation parameters through WIFI communication with the on-board monitoring device. Besides, the batteries data is stored in the local database and uploaded to the cloud server, which provides support for battery states estimation. To validate the feasibility of the real-time monitoring system we present, we built the actual test environment. Test results show that the batteries data is transmitted to owner's phone and displayed on it, which could help users monitor the batteries status conveniently.
NO66, a Highly Conserved Dual Location Protein in the Nucleolus and in a Special Type of Synchronously Replicating Chromatin (2004)

It has recently become clear that the nucleolus, the most prominent nuclear subcompartment, harbors diverse functions beyond its classic role in ribosome biogenesis. To gain insight into nucleolar functions, we have purified amplified nucleoli from Xenopus laevis oocytes using a novel approach involving fluorescence-activated cell sorting techniques. The resulting protein fraction was analyzed by mass spectrometry and used for the generation of monoclonal antibodies directed against nucleolar components. Here, we report the identification and molecular characterization of a novel, ubiquitous protein, which in most cell types appears to be a constitutive nucleolar component. Immunolocalization studies have revealed that this protein, termed NO66, is highly conserved during evolution and shows in most cells analyzed a dual localization pattern, i.e., a strong enrichment in the granular part of nucleoli and in distinct nucleoplasmic entities. Colocalizations with proteins Ki-67, HP1alpha, and PCNA, respectively, have further shown that the staining pattern of NO66 overlaps with certain clusters of late replicating chromatin. Biochemical experiments have revealed that protein NO66 cofractionates with large preribosomal particles but is absent from cytoplasmic ribosomes. We propose that in addition to its role in ribosome biogenesis protein NO66 has functions in the replication or remodeling of certain heterochromatic regions.
Immunosuppressive Activity in Culture Media Containing Human Oocytes Fertilized in vitro (1992)

A possible cause for implantation failure following embryo transfer is the rejection of pre-embryos by the maternal immune system. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the rescue of the pre-embryo from maternal rejection, immunosuppressive activity was investigated in culture media containing human oocytes fertilized in vitro by employing the graft-versus-host reaction and the active rosette test. Normal donor lymphocytes were incubated with culture medium containing either fertilized or nonfertilized oocytes. Control experiments were carried out using lymphocytes incubated in culture medium only, as well as in culture medium containing human sperm. In 67% of the tests (12 out of 18), graft-versus-host reaction was inhibited, as compared to 29% of those performed with medium in which oocytes failed to fertilize (p less than .03), and 33% with medium in which only sperm was present. The frequency of an inhibitory active rosette test was similar in both groups. It is possible that immunosuppressive properties are acquired by the human pre-embryo as it grows in culture. Detection of such substances, which could contribute to the establishment of pregnancy, may improve monitoring of embryo quality prior to transfer.
WHITE RICE HUSK ASH FILLED ETHYLENE-PROPYLENE-DIENE TERPOLYMER/POLYPROPYLENE BLENDS: EFFECT OF DYNAMIC VULCANIZATION AND FILLER LOADING (2001)

The effect of dynamic vulcanization and influence of filler loading of white rice husk ash filled elastomer rich ethylenepropylene diene terpolymer and propylene blends were investigated. Blends with filler loading ranging from 0 to 60 php (Parts per hundred of total polymer by weight) were prepared in a Brabender plasticorder at 180°C and a rotor speed of 50 rpm followed by compression molding. The Brabender torque was used to investigate mixing progress. The mechanical properties of vulcanized blend systems were compared with those of the unvulcanized counterparts. The mechanical properties of the blends as a function of filler loading were also studied for both blend systems. Processability and recyclability of the blends were carried out to assess the thermoplastic characteristics of the blends. Brabender torque studies showed that dynamic vulcanization has a more significant effect on melt rheology than filler loading. It was also found that unvulcanized blends exhibited poor tensile properties, low hardness and high compression set. However, dynamically vulcanized blends exhibit mechanical properties, which are superior to those of unvulcanized blends. As filler loading increases, the hardness of the blends slightly increases whereas tensile properties, tear strength, and compression set deteriorates. Processability and the possibility of recycling of dynamically vulcanized blends with high elongation and low compression set indicate that dynamic vulcanization confers thermoplastic elastomeric properties to the blends. The study further revealed that white rice husk ash filled blends can also be dynamically vulcanized to achieve enhanced properties in a similar manner to the unfilled blends.
Preparation of VO_2 thin film and its direct optical bit recording characteristics (1983)

Vanadium dioxide (VO2) film which has nearly the same transition point as single crystal has been obtained by reactive evaporation of vanadium on glass and subsequent annealing in N2 gas. Relations between optical properties of V02 film and its preparation conditions are presented. We made optical direct bit recording on V02 film using a laser diode as the light source. The threshold recording energy and bit density are 2 mJ/cm 2 and 350 bits/mm, respectively. We also made tungsten doping to lower the V02 film transition temperature.
Effects of Normobaric Hyperoxia in a Rat Model of Focal Cerebral Ischemia—Reperfusion (2002)

Recent studies suggest that normobaric hyperoxia can be beneficial, if administered during transient stroke. However, increased oxygenation theoretically may increase oxygen free-radical injury, particularly during reperfusion. In the present study, the authors assessed the benefit and risks of hyperoxia during focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Rats were subjected to hyperoxia (Fio2 100%) or normoxia (Fio2 30%) during 2-hour filament occlusion and 1-hour reperfusion of the middle cerebral artery. At 24 hours, the hyperoxia group showed 70% (total) and 92% (cortical) reduction in infarct volumes as compared to the normoxia group. Levels of oxidative stress were evaluated using three indirect methods. First, since oxygen free radicals increase blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage, Evan's blue dye extravasation was quantified to assess BBB damage. Second, the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a heat shock protein inducible by oxidative stress, was assessed using Western blot techniques. Third, an immunoblot technique ("OxyBlot") was used to assess levels of protein carbonyl formation as a marker of oxidative stress-induced protein denaturation. At 24 hours, Evan's blue dye extravasation per average lesion volume was similar between groups. There were no significant differences in HO-1 induction and protein carbonyl formation between groups, in the ipsilateral or contralateral hemispheres, at 6 hours and at 24 hours. These results indicate that hyperoxia treatment during focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion is neuroprotective, and does not increase oxidative stress.
Intratumoral IL-12 combined with CTLA-4 blockade elicits T cell–mediated glioma rejection (2013)

Glioblastomas (GBs) are the most aggressive form of primary brain cancer and virtually incurable. Accumulation of regulatory T (T reg) cells in GBs is thought to contribute to the dampening of antitumor immunity. Using a syngeneic mouse model for GB, we tested whether local delivery of cytokines could render the immunosuppressive GB microenvironment conducive to an antitumor immune response. IL-12 but not IL-23 reversed GB-induced immunosuppression and led to tumor clearance. In contrast to models of skin or lung cancer, IL-12-mediated glioma rejection was T cell dependent and elicited potent immunological memory. To translate these findings into a clinically relevant setting, we allowed for GB progression before initiating therapy. Combined intratumoral IL-12 application with systemic blockade of the co-inhibitory receptor CTLA-4 on T cells led to tumor eradication even at advanced disease stages where monotherapy with either IL-12 or CTLA-4 blockade failed. The combination of IL-12 and CTLA-4 blockade acts predominantly on CD4(+) cells, causing a drastic decrease in FoxP3(+) T reg cells and an increase in effector T (T eff) cells. Our data provide compelling preclinical findings warranting swift translation into clinical trials in GB and represent a promising approach to increase response rates of CTLA-4 blockade in solid tumors.
Auf der Suche nach der besten Freilandhenne : Erste Resultate des EU-Projektes «LowInputBreeds» bei Bio-/Freilandhennen (2011)

Welche Legehenne eignet sich für Freilandbetriebe? Welche Anforderungen stellen wir an eine solche Henne? Im EU-Projekt «LowInputBreeds» wird das untersucht und dieser Artikel stellt erste Resultate vor.
ChemInform Abstract: Applications of NMR Spectral Techniques for the Study of Macrocycle Host‐Organic Guest Interactions. A Short Review (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Focused magma supply at the intersection of the Cobb hotspot and the Juan de Fuca ridge (2003)

We examine the interplay between the Cobb hotspot and the Juan de Fuca ridge by mapping the base of the crust at their intersection near Axial Volcano. PmP traveltimes from an extensive active source seismic experiment are used in conjunction with prior crustal tomography to map crustal thickness. A cross‐section along the ridge axis consists of two distinct trends. In addition to 1–2 km of excess crust, inferred from gravity along a 100 km section of the central ridge, we find a narrow 20–40 km diameter root extending to 11 km directly beneath the volcano. Focused magma flux from the Cobb hotspot (0.3–0.8 m 3 /s) is inferred to be the cause of both the narrow root, and the large magma reservoir, at Axial. The rapid return to thinner crust, away from the intersection, marks a transition back to ridge‐dominated magmatism.
High resolution gas chromatographic/real-time high resolution mass spectrometric identification of organic acids in human urine (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHigh resolution gas chromatographic/real-time high resolution mass spectrometric identification of organic acids in human urineSydell. Lewis, C. N. Kenyon, Juerg. Meili, and A. L. BurlingameCite this: Anal. Chem. 1979, 51, 8, 1275–1285Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50044a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50044a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multiobjective optimization with a modified simulated annealing algorithm for external beam radiotherapy treatment planning (2006)

Inverse planning in external beam radiotherapy often requires a scalar objective function that incorporates importance factors to mimic the planner's preferences between conflicting objectives. Defining those importance factors is not straightforward, and frequently leads to an iterative process in which the importance factors become variables of the optimization problem. In order to avoid this drawback of inverse planning, optimization using algorithms more suited to multiobjective optimization, such as evolutionary algorithms, has been suggested. However, much inverse planning software, including one based on simulated annealing developed at our institution, does not include multiobjective-oriented algorithms. This work investigates the performance of a modified simulated annealing algorithm used to drive aperture-based intensity-modulated radiotherapy inverse planning software in a multiobjective optimization framework. For a few test cases involving gastric cancer patients, the use of this new algorithm leads to an increase in optimization speed of a little more than a factor of 2 over a conventional simulated annealing algorithm, while giving a close approximation of the solutions produced by a standard simulated annealing. A simple graphical user interface designed to facilitate the decision-making process that follows an optimization is also presented.
Near Field Communication Application Provisioning Framework (2010)

Near Field Communication is a communication technology that is being used more and more each day. It enables the exchange of data between two NFC-enabled devices. Its application in the field of mo ...
General synthesis of complex analogue filters (2005)

General methods for the synthesis of complex band-pass and band-stop analogue filters are developed for implementation by active-RC, gm-C, switched-capacitor (SC) and switched-current (SI) techniques. These principles are extended to synthesis procedures for log-domain complex realisations. Circuits for filters and group delay equalisers are presented for both ladder and cascade-biquad realisations. These have been incorporated into the filter design software XFILTER. Various designs are compared, noise and sensitivity responses being shown.
Shape Optimization of a Plate-Fin Type Heat Sink for High Performance (2004)

Thermal performance of heat sink for a fixed volume is influenced by the design variables. Thus, in this study the optimal values of the design variables are obtained numerically by integrating the CFD and mathematical optimization for high performance of the plate-fin heat sink with vortex generator. The optimum solutions in the heat sink can be achieved when the temperature rise and the pressure drop, which are the objective functions, are minimized simultaneously. The flow and thermal fields are predicted to calculate the objective functions using the finite volume method. The optimization is carried out by means of sequential quadratic programming (SQP) method. The results show that when the temperature rise is less than 40 K, the optimal design variables are B1 = 2.584 mm, B2 = 1.741 mm, and t = 7.914 mm. Comparing with the initial design, the temperature rise is reduced by 4.2 K, while the pressure drop is increased by 9.43 Pa. The Pareto optimal solutions are also presented between the pressure drop and the temperature rise.