gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mouse Erythrocyte Formation. A Marker for Resting B Lymphocytes (1982)

The ability of peripheral blood lymphocytes to form rosettes with mouse erythrocytes was examined using lymphocytes from normal healthy individuals of various ages and of neoplastic lymphoid cells from patients with a variety of lymphoproliferative disorders. Our results indicated that only B lymphocytes form mouse rosettes (MR). The percentage of MR varied slightly according to the strain of mouse erythrocytes used in the assay. Little variation in the mean percentage of MR was observed when lymphocytes from various age groups of healthy individuals were studied. When neoplastic lymphoid cells were incubated with mouse erythrocytes only lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia formed an increased number of MR. Peripheral blood B lymphocytes lost their ability to form MR following incubation with pokeweed mitogen. These findings supported the view that the determinant on B lymphocytes which binds to mouse erythrocytes was present only at a resting stage of B cell maturation.
Naturally functionalized triglyceride oils in interpenetrating polymer networks (1993)

The use of naturally functionalized triglyceride oils in interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) is reviewed. An oil bearing either hydroxyl or epoxide functionality may be crosslinked to form a soft elastomer in the presence of another monomer or network to form an IPN, or in the presence of a linear polymer, to form a semi‐IPN. Polymerization and characterization of naturally functionalized triglyceride oils are mentioned, with emphasis on the distribution and effect of nontrifunctional triglycerides on elastomer properties. The simultaneous synthesis of polystyrene/functional triglyceride oil IPNs is reviewed, and several factors influencing IPN morphology and mechanical properties are discussed. The synthesis and properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/functional triglyceride oil semi‐IPNs are emphasized, with the importance of ester interchange in the synthetic procedure, and factors influencing crystallinity and morphology are introduced.
Research on eddy loss in cooling configuration of conduction-cooled high temperature superconducting magnet (2008)

Eddy losses in cooling configuration play an important role on the safe operation of conduction-cooled high temperature superconducting magnet. To investigate the relationship between eddy loss and the cooling configuration, the magnet is modeled with four pancakes. The eddy loss of cooling configuration is analyzed by finite element method and an improved configuration of cooling plate is described. Based on the analysis, eddy losses of 35 kJ HTS magnet in dynamic stability experiment are computed. The improved method is presented to reduce the eddy loss.
Strain effect analysis on the thermoelectric figure of merit in <i>n</i>-type Si/Ge nanocomposites (2012)

In this paper, the effect of strain on the thermoelectric figure of merit is investigated in n-type Ge nanowire-Si host nanocomposite materials. The Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity of the Si–Ge nanocomposites are calculated using an analytical model derived from the Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) under the relaxation-time approximation. The effect of strain is incorporated into the BTE through the strain induced energy shift and effective mass variation calculated from the deformation potential theory and a degenerate k·p method at the zone-boundary X point. The effect of strain on the phonon thermal conductivity in the nanocomposites is computed with a model combining the strain dependent lattice dynamics and the ballistic phonon BTE. The electronic thermal conductivity is computed from the electrical conductivity using the Wiedemann-Franz law. Normal and shear strains are applied in the transverse plane of the Si–Ge nanocomposites. Thermoelectric properties, including the electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and dimensionless figure of merit, are computed for Si–Ge nanocomposites under these strain conditions.
A simulation model of glucose regulation in the critically ill (2008)

Focused research is underway to improve the delivery of tight glycaemic control at the intensive care unit. A major component is the development of safe, efficacious and effective insulin titration algorithms, which are normally evaluated in time-consuming resource-demanding clinical studies. Simulation studies with virtual critically ill patients can substantially accelerate the development process. For this purpose, we created a model of glucoregulation in the critically ill. The model includes five submodels: a submodel of endogenous insulin secretion, a submodel of insulin kinetics, a submodel of enteral glucose absorption, a submodel of insulin action and a submodel of glucose kinetics. Model parameters are estimated utilizing prior knowledge and data collected routinely at the intensive care unit to represent the high intersubject and temporal variation in insulin needs in the critically ill. Bayesian estimation combined with the regularization method is used to estimate (i) time-invariant model parameters and (ii) a time-varying parameter, the basal insulin concentration, which represents the temporal variation in insulin sensitivity. We propose a validation process to validate virtual patients developed for the purpose of testing glucose controllers. The parameter estimation and the validation are exemplified using data collected in six critically ill patients treated at a medical intensive care unit. In conclusion, a novel glucoregulatory model has been developed to create a virtual population of critically ill facilitating in silico testing of glucose controllers at the intensive care unit.
Infection of <i>Acanthamoeba castellanii</i> with <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> and <i>M. bovis</i> BCG and Survival of <i>M. bovis</i> within the Amoebae (2003)

Survival of Mycobacterium bovis after ingestion by protozoa would provide an environmental reservoir for infection of cattle. We have shown that M. bovis survived ingestion by Acanthamoeba castellanii. In contrast, two strains of M. bovis BCG did not survive well within Acanthamoeba.
PEX and PP Water Pipes: Assimilable Carbon, Chemicals, and Odors (2015)

Eleven brands of plastic drinking water pipe were evaluated for assimilable organic carbon (AOC) release at 23°C for 28 days: polyvinyl chloride, high‐density polyethylene, polypropylene (PP), and cross‐linked polyethylene (PEX) pipes. Three of eight PEX pipe brands exceeded a 100 µg/L AOC microbial regrowth threshold for the first exposure period, and no brands exceeded this value on day 28. No AOC increase was found for PP or PEX‐a1 pipes; the remaining pipe brands contributed marginal AOC levels. Pipe water quality impacts were more fully evaluated for two PEX‐b brands and one PP brand. PEX pipes caused greater odor than the PP pipe and released more organic carbon as well as volatile and semi‐volatile organic compounds. Water quality impacts were less after 30 days. Regulated and unregulated contaminants were found in three PEX plumbing systems. Drinking water odors were attributed to toluene, ethyl‐ tert ‐butyl ether, and unidentified contaminants.
Sesame: a secure and convenient mobile solution for passwords (2015)

Passwords are the main and most common method of remote authentication. However, they have their own frustrating challenges. Users tend to forget passwords that are chosen to be hard to guess. Password managers are an approach to keeping our passwords safe. However, they mainly rely on one master password to secure all of our passwords. If this master password is compromised then all other passwords can be recovered. In this work, we introduce Sesame: a secure yet convenient mobile-based, voice-activated password manager. It combines all different methods of user authentication to create a more robust digital vault for personal data. Each password is encrypted with a new fresh key on the user's mobile device for maximum security. The keys are stored in our servers in a protected format. The user has the option of backing up the encrypted passwords in any cloud service. To view a password, the user only needs to utter the name of a web service, and speaker and speech recognition are applied for authentication. Only the key for that service is sent to the mobile application and the password is decrypted and displayed. The biggest advantage of Sesame is that the user need not assume any trust to neither our servers nor any cloud storage. Also, there is no need to enter a master password every time since speaker recognition is used. However, as an alternative to voice, users can view their passwords using a master password in case voice is not available. We provide a brief analysis of the security of our solution that has been implemented on Android platform and freely available on Google Play. Sesame is an ideal and practical solution for mobile password managers.
Simultaneous Switching Noise in FPGA and Structure ASIC Devices, Methodologies for Analysis, Modeling, and Validation (2006)

Simultaneous switching noise (SSN) and its behavior have become increasingly important in high-performance FPGA system design featuring hundreds of I/Os transmitting in parallel at low supply voltage standard. In this paper, we present an in-depth study on SSN by analyzing its behavior in three different domains: time, frequency, and noise spectrum. Cross correlation in these three domains reveals two dominant cause mechanisms: frequency dependent PDN impedance and crosstalk from package-PCB breakout region. Each mechanism has its manifestation in time-domain SSN waveform. Furthermore, simulation confirms our postulations made on examination of experimental data and validates the methodology practical to SSN assessment in FPGA applications
Isolation and characterization of a succinylated polysaccharide from the cell wall of Micrococcus agilis. (1985)

A polysaccharide consisting of rhamnose, galactose, glucosamine and ester-linked succinic acid was extracted from the isolated cell walls of Micrococcus agilis by the hot water-phenol and 5% trichloroacetic acid (TCA) extraction methods. The hot water-phenol extractable polysaccharide accounted for 30% of the weight of the wall, with 23% by the TCA method. Phosphorus contents were less than 0.01% of the polysaccharide. Succinyl residues released by alkali treatment (0.1 N NaOH, 30 min, 37 degrees C) were identified by gas-liquid chromatography, and accounted for 6.3% and 5.1% of the polysaccharide purified from the hot water-phenol and TCA extracts, respectively. The polysaccharide was not bound when chromatography on Concanavalin A-Sepharose 4B (Con A/Sepharose 4B) columns was performed and it could thus be separated from any residual membrane lipomannan. The purified polysaccharide behaved as a negatively-charged polymer on electrophoresis in 1% agarose (at pH 8.6). A strong cross-reaction, unaffected by removal of the succinyl groups, was observed with type XXIII pneumococcal polysaccharide antiserum indicating the presence of L-rhamnose, linked through non-reducing, lateral end groups.
Pharmacological versus sensory factors in the satiation of chocolate craving (1994)

This is the first experimental study directed at differentiating between physiological or sensory accounts of the satiation of nondrug cravings, using chocolate craving, the most common craving in North America. At the onset of craving, chocolate cravers consumed a chocolate bar, the caloric equivalent in "white chocolate" (containing none of the pharmacological components of chocolate), the pharmacological equivalent in cocoa capsules, placebo, and no treatment conditions had virtually no effect. White chocolate produced partial abatement, unchanged by the addition of all the pharmacological factors in cocoa. This result indicates no role for pharmacological effects in the satisfaction of chocolate craving. It also suggests a role for aroma independent of sweetness, texture, and calories.
Microscale Plasma-Initiated Patterning (μPIP) (2005)

A novel technique to create biomolecular micropatterns of varying complexity on several types of polymer substrates is presented. This method uses a patterned PDMS stamp to preferentially expose or protect areas of an underlying polymer substrate from oxygen plasma. Following plasma treatment, the substrate is immersed in a biomolecular ink, whereby molecules preferentially adsorb to either the plasma-exposed or plasma-protected substrate regions, depending on the particular substrate/ink combination. Using this method, polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), and poly(hydroxybutyrate/hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) were micropatterned with different aqueous-based biomolecular inks (i.e., goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin G, poly-l-lysine, and bovine serum albumin (BSA)). Water contact angle measurements performed on substrates after oxygen plasma exposure showed that the hydrophilicity of substrate areas exposed to plasma was significantly greater than that of areas protected from plasma by the PDMS stamp. In addition, scanning electron microscopy results demonstrated that substrate areas exposed to plasma were physically modified (e.g., roughened) compared to adjacent, protected areas. Areas in contact with a patterned PDMS stamp during plasma exposure were found to be physically unaffected by plasma treatment, and exhibited spatial features/dimensions consistent with the corresponding features of the patterned stamp. Last, protein patterns of BSA on the polymer substrates were stable and distinct after 4 weeks of incubation at 37 degrees C.
Thermoacoustic imaging and spectroscopy for enhanced breast cancer detection (2011)

Early detection of breast cancer is paramount for improved survival. Mammography, the gold standard for diagnostic breast imaging, has limited spatial resolution and often misses early tumors. In thermoacoustic (TA) imaging an incident microwave pulse is converted to ultrasound via localized thermoelastic expansion and creates an image of the sample's absorption. Single frequency thermoacoustic imaging failed in clinical studies to reliably discriminate malignant from healthy tissue. We hypothesize that limitations in TA technology severely reduced the capability and performance of previous imaging systems. We present initial experimental results using thermoacoustic imaging and spectroscopy for discrimination of fat and muscle tissue, water content and ethanol. This study demonstrates multi-frequency thermoacoustic spectroscopy using both the magnitude and slope of the TA signal between 2.7 and 3.1 GHz. The average slope of the thermoacoustic signal for ethanol was calculated to be −0.45 a.u./GHz, while water had an average TA slope of 0.56 a.u./GHz, clearly differentiating the two regions and consistent with their microwave absorption properties.
Questions [and] Answers (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuestions [and] AnswersJ. A. Campbell Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 9, 587Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1975Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 September 1975Published inissue 1 September 1975https://doi.org/10.1021/ed052p587RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views30Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (764 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Gi-Protein-Dependent Inhibition of IL-12 Production Is Mediated by Activation of the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase-Protein 3 Kinase B/Akt Pathway and JNK (2005)

Ligands for certain G(i)-protein-coupled receptors (GiPCRs) potently inhibit the production of IL-12 by human monocytes. We addressed the intracellular signaling mechanisms by which this occurs using primary human cells. Stimulation with the GiPCR ligands C5a and 1-deoxy-1-[6-[(3-iodophenyl)methyl]amino]-9H-purine-9-y1]-N-methyl-beta-D-ribofuranuronamide (IB-MECA) blocked the production of IL-12 p70 by human monocytes stimulated with LPS and IFN-gamma. In addition, C5a reduced the expression of mRNA for IL-12 p35, p40, IL-23 p19, and IL-27 p28. This effect was due neither to a down-regulation of TLR4 or IFN-gamma receptor on the cell surface nor to interference with IFN-gamma signaling, because IFN-gamma-induced up-regulation of HLA-DR and CD40 were unaffected. C5a or IB-MECA activated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and induced the phosphorylation of the MAPK p38, ERK, and JNK. Inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway with wortmannin or an inhibitor of Akt activity, and inhibition of JNK but not ERK prevented IL-12 and IL-23 suppression by C5a. These data extend observations on IL-12 suppression by C5a to IL-23 and IL-27, and are the first to demonstrate the intracellular signaling events leading to IL-12 and IL-23 inhibition after GiPCR activation.
How Much is an Oil Price Forecast Worth in Reservoir Management? (2014)

Summary Reservoir management has lately received significant attention in the oil industry because of the sizable potential increment in profit associated with optimized strategies, together with the increased reliability of new reservoir flow simulation techniques. Long-term (more than five years) management is especially challenging partially because of the difficulties brought by the uncertainty associated with forecasting oil production and price. In this work, we first propose a risk measure of a given production strategy with respect to uncertainty in the oil price. This measure is interpreted as the value of information associated with an uncertain oil price. Decision makers can leverage value of information of oil price, for example, to qualify potential risks associated with the lack of knowledge of the market, to compare an exploitation strategy with the optimal strategy in the utopian situation where future oil price is known, and to evaluate possible capital investments for a better forecast of oil price. Then, we present a numerical approach using reservoir flow simulation to estimate efficiently this risk measure. The computational cost of this numerical method does not increase with the number of possible oil price scenarios considered, and this is a desirable feature when simulation is time-demanding. To the best of our knowledge, value of information of oil price has not been addressed using complex reservoir flow simulation. The approach is validated on a synthetic case and two real field waterflooding scenarios: a relatively small field with eight wells, and a larger field with 174 wells. In both cases, we analyze 10,000 oil price scenarios, quantify the risk of waterflooding production strategies obtained through optimization, and estimate the monetary value associated of oil price forecasts with different degrees of market information and knowledge.
Improving the reproducibility of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> swarming motility assays (2008)

Swarming motility is a rapid and coordinated migration of a bacterial population across a semi-solid surface. This multicellular phenomenon is getting increasing attention as it is suspected to be related to biofilm development of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Published swarm plate preparation protocols differ greatly from one study to another and no reproducible and standardized protocols have been proposed to accurately study this phenomenon. We report here a rapid and highly reproducible swarm plate protocol for P. aeruginosa and show how different key parameters affect this type of motility (i.e. agar %, drying time under laminar flow, incubation temperature and pH). Results reported here will help to standardize swarming motility assays and develop effective swarm plate protocols for other bacterial species.
Effect of natural and organically modified montmorillonite clays on the properties of polydimethylsiloxane rubber (2008)

Abstract The effects of natural (MT) and organically modified (O‐MT) montmorillonite clays on the properties of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) rubber were evaluated. Rubber composites with different clay contents were prepared by a compounding procedure in an open two‐roll mill, which was followed by a compression‐molding step in which the PDMS matrix was peroxide crosslinked. The clay rubber composites were characterized by swelling measurements in toluene, thermogravimetric analyses, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and tensile tests. The introduction of MT restricted the solvent swelling and increased the crosslinking density of the rubber, which indicated the formation of a covalent filler–matrix interface. The enhanced interaction between MT and PDMS reduced the aggregation size of MT particles in the MT composites and promoted an increase in the separation of the clay layers. When the rubber was filled with O‐MT, a higher solvent amount was incorporated in the material, and this trend increased with the clay content. Moreover, the low interaction between O‐MT and the PDMS chains resulted in larger clay aggregates in the O‐MT composites compared to those with MT. Despite the different interface natures, both clays enhanced thermal stability and acted as reinforcing fillers in relation to Young's modulus and tensile strength. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Hypertext instructional programs and learner control: a research review (1996)

Hypertext provides a flexible environment in which to explore information. This makes it suitable for use with instructional software where students can eschew a linear progression for a more individualised exploration of the material. When designing