gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of formation of titanium dioxide ultrafine particles in reverse micelles by hydrolysis of titanium tetrabutoxide (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of formation of titanium dioxide ultrafine particles in reverse micelles by hydrolysis of titanium tetrabutoxideTakayuki Hirai, Hiroshi Sato, and Isao KomasawaCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1993, 32, 12, 3014–3019Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00024a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00024a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views647Altmetric-Citations64LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Serum proteins as mediators of hemin efflux from red cell membranes: specificity of hemopexin (1989)

The involvement of the serum heme-binding proteins hemopexin and albumin in the clearance of erythrocyte membranes from toxic hemin was compared. In the presence of hemopexin initial rates of hemin efflux from resealed ghosts were faster and the amount of extracted hemin larger. When hemin-containing ghosts were treated with a protein mixture of 1:45 hemopexin to albumin, as present in serum, most of the hemin was extracted in the form of heme-hemopexin. It was concluded that hemopexin is the serum protein responsible for heme extraction from cell membranes.
A spaceborne LFM scatterometer for ocean surface wind vector measurement-a time domain approach (1988)

The limitations of the currently used continuous-wave-pulse (CW-pulse) spaceborne scatterometers for wind-vector retrieval are reviewed. The disadvantages due to purely time-domain or frequency-domain (Doppler filtering) approaches are described. To overcome the limitations of these methods, a modified scheme is proposed wherein the pulse transmitted is linearly frequency modulated (LFM) and the processing is carried out in the time domain. This method is described and compared with other techniques to highlight the improved results obtainable with this LFM technique.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A hybrid BMI for control of robotic swarms: Preliminary results (2017)

Human Swarm Interaction (HSI) is a new field which relates to the effective control of robotic swarms by human operators. The iterature has shown that the control of swarms can become quite complicated. On the other hand, Brain Machine Interfaces (BMI) can offer intuitive control in a plethora of applications where other interfaces alone (e.g. joysticks) are inadequate or impractical, e.g. for people with motor disabilities. There are multiple types of BMI, but most of them rely on the analysis of ElectroEncephaloGraphic (EEG) signals. The authors have previously shown that swarm behaviors elicit specific brain activity on human subjects that observe them. Motivated by this result, in this work, we present preliminary results of a hybrid BMI that combines information from the brain and an external device. An algorithm for extracting information from the frequency domain of EEG signals that allows integration with the manual task of using a joystick is presented. The hybrid interface shows high accuracy and robustness when used as a brain-robot interface. Moreover, it allows for continuous control variables extracted from the EEG signals. Finally, its efficacy is proven across multiple subjects, while its performance is also demonstrated in the real-time control of a swarm of quadrotors.
Purification and Characterization of a Neutrophil Chemotactic Factor from Dirofilaria immitis (1986)

A neutrophil chemotactic factor (NCF-Di) was purified from a crude extract of Dirofilaria immitis adult worm by a combination of anion-exchange chromatography on DE52 and gel filtration on Sephacryl S-200. NCF-Di showed a single protein band by both polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) PAGE. The molecular weight of NCF-Di was estimated to be 17,000 by gel filtration on Sephadex G-150, and 14,000 by SDS-PAGE. NCF-Di was an acidic protein with isoelectric point of 4.5. NCF-Di was absorbed neither to lentil lectin-Sepharose nor to concanavalin A-Sepharose. The chemotactic activity of NCF-Di was heat labile (56 C, 1 hr), but was resistant to periodate oxidation. These results suggest that NCF-Di is a simple peptide which has few or no sugar chains. These physicochemical properties of NCF-Di were compared to previously reported parasite-derived chemoattractants or purified allergen of D. immitis.
Comparison of a‐Si and Poly‐Si for AMOLED displays (2004)

Abstract— The characteristics of OLED backplanes including the intrinsic properties of a‐Si TFTs and LTPS TFTs will be reviewed. While LTPS TFTs reveal satisfactory stability in AMOLED‐display applications, a‐Si AMOLEDs show better uniformity and are capable of driving OLEDs. However, the stability of a‐Si TFTs under long‐term operation is still unacceptable and remains to be the key issue constraining the commercialization of a‐Si TFT AMOLEDs.
The carboxyl terminal trimer of procollagen I induces pro-metastatic changes and vascularization in breast cancer cells xenografts (2009)

PICP has an early promoting effect in the acquisition by the tumors of prometastatic phenotype. PICP may be play a relevant role in the productive interactions between stroma and tumor cells by predisposing the tumor cells to respond to the proliferation stimuli ensuing the activation of signaling by engagement of CXCR4 by cytokines and by fostering their extravasion, due to the induction of increased vascular development.
Dynamic analysis of current regulators for AC motors using complex vectors (1999)

The analysis and design of current regulators for polyphase AC loads is presented using complex vector notation. The AC motor current regulation problem is analyzed by studying both the command tracking and disturbance rejection capability of the current regulator. The use of complex vector notation and the generalization of classical control tools like root locus, frequency-response functions and dynamic stiffness functions to complex vectors provide a way of comparing the performance of different controller topologies. Limitations in the performance of the synchronous frame proportional and integral current regulator are outlined, and several ways of improving its performance are suggested and investigated.
Studies on the Utilization of Xylan and Glucomannan in Woods. I. Purification and Separation (1975)

Polysaccharide mixture xylan and g1ucomannan were prepared from the waste water of the steeping alkali solution of wood pulp in a better yield and in higher purity than by the conventional methods. Concentrated waste water, adjusted to 7.5-10% sodium hydroxide concentration, produced a flocculent precipitate by the addition qf excess methanol. This precipitate had a good filtrability to be recovered on Buchner funnel. Graded hydrolysis of this precipitate with hydrochloric acid in methanol gave ash-free polysaccharide mixture, mainly composed of D-xylose, D-mannose, and D-glucose, and free from L-arabinose. Xylan was recovered from water dispersion of polysaccharide mixture as a precipitate. Glucomannan in the supernatant was recovered by fractional precipitation with methanol.
Heparan Sulfate Is Essential for High Mobility Group Protein 1 (HMGB1) Signaling by the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) (2011)

In a proteomic search for heparan sulfate-binding proteins on monocytes, we identified HMGB1 (high mobility group protein B1). The extracellular role of HMGB1 as a cytokine has been studied intensively and shown to be important as a danger-associated molecular pattern protein. Here, we report that the activity of HMGB1 depends on heparan sulfate. Binding and competition studies demonstrate that HMGB1 interacts with CHO and endothelial cell heparan sulfate. By site-directed mutagenesis, we identified a loop region that connects the A-box and B-box domains of HMGB1 as responsible for heparan sulfate binding. HMGB1-induced Erk1/2 and p38 phosphorylation is abolished when endothelial heparan sulfate is removed or blocked pharmacologically, resulting in decreased HMGB1-induced endothelial sprouting. However, mutated HMGB1 that lacks the heparan sulfate-binding site retained its signaling activity. We show the major receptor for HMGB1, receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), also binds to heparan sulfate and that RAGE and heparan sulfate forms a complex. Our data establishes that the functional receptor for HMGB1 consists of a complex of RAGE and cell surface heparan sulfate.
120-GBaud Coded 8 Dimensional 16QAM WDM Transmission Using Low-Complexity Iterative Decoding Based on Bit-Wise Log Likelihood Ratio (2017)

We propose a low-complexity decoding scheme that is 8.68e-4 times that of conventional optimal decoding for 8D-16QAM. Experiments confirm that the proposed scheme allows 9-WDM 600-Gbps/ch transmission over 3,500km without penalty.
Environmental Dependence of Stationary-Phase Metabolism in Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli (2014)

When microbes lack the nutrients necessary for growth, they enter stationary phase. In cases when energy sources are still present in the environment, they must decide whether to continue to use their metabolic program to harvest the available energy. Here we characterized the metabolic response to a variety of types of nutrient starvation in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. We found that E. coli exhibits a range of phenotypes, with the lowest metabolic rates under nitrogen starvation and highest rates under magnesium starvation. In contrast, the phenotype of B. subtilis was dominated by its decision to form metabolically inactive endospores. While its metabolic rates under most conditions were thus lower than those of E. coli, when sporulation was suppressed by a genetic perturbation or an unnatural starvation condition, the situation was reversed. To further probe stationary-phase metabolism, we used quantitative metabolomics to investigate possible small-molecule signals that may regulate the metabolic rate of E. coli and initiate sporulation in B. subtilis. We hypothesize a role for phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) in regulating E. coli glucose uptake and for the redox cofactors NAD(H) and NADP(H) in initiation of sporulation. Our work is directly relevant to synthetic biology and metabolic engineering, where active metabolism during stationary phase, which uncouples production from growth, remains an elusive goal.
Evaluating and reflecting on coproduction of protected area management plans (2021)

ABSTRACT Protected areas are complex social‐ecological systems, hence their management should be guided by engagement and co‐learning with diverse stakeholders. The challenge of effective stakeholder participation has generated a body of literature on the design and facilitation of coproduction processes. In this study, we used this literature to develop a principle‐based framework for assessing coproduction. We then applied this framework to evaluate how well “adaptive planning” (a sub‐process of adaptive management used for visioning and objective setting with stakeholders), as applied to the Garden Route National Park in South Africa, aligned with the ideals of coproduction. Our analysis revealed shortcomings in the adaptive planning process, which could be improved through broadening the agenda beyond the mandate and control of national parks, empowering collective agency among a wider stakeholder network, and embedding co‐learning with stakeholders as an ongoing journey. A significant finding was that adaptive management does not align well with the ideals of coproduction, which may be better supported by an adaptive co‐management approach. The latter is particularly necessary in complex national parks that are diverse in terms of both ecosystems and stakeholders, and where governance may be contested.
Evaluation of real-time PCR for the early detection of Legionella pneumophila DNA in serum samples (2006)

Legionella pneumonia can be difficult to diagnose. Existing laboratory tests all have shortcomings, especially in the ability to diagnose Legionnaires' disease (LD) at an early stage of the disease in a specimen that is readily obtainable. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of PCR as a rapid diagnostic method and to compare the results of different PCR assays of serum samples from patients with LD. Samples included 151 serum samples from 68 patients with proven LD and 60 serum samples from 36 patients with respiratory tract infections other than Legionella. PCR assays were based on the 5S rRNA gene, 16S rRNA gene and the mip gene. The samples from patients with infections caused by pathogens other than Legionella all tested negative in PCR. Among the patients with proven LD 54.4 % (37/68) tested positive in 5S rRNA PCR, 52.9 % (36/68) in mip gene PCR and 30.9 % (21/68) in 16S rRNA PCR in the first available serum sample. The association between threshold cycle value in 5S PCR positive serum samples (n=49) and C-reactive protein value was determined, and showed a strong negative correlation (Pearson correlation coefficient r=-0.63, P<0.0001). In addition to existing tests for the diagnosis of LD, detection of Legionella DNA in serum could be a useful tool for early diagnosis of LD caused by any Legionella species and serogroup, and has the potential to provide a diagnosis in a time frame that could affect initial infection management.
Realistic surface reconstruction of 3D scenes from uncalibrated image sequences (2000)

This contribution addresses the problem of obtaining 3D models from image sequences. A 3D surface description of the scene is extracted completely from a set of uncalibrated camera images of the scene. No prior knowledge about the scene or about the camera is needed to build the 3D models. The only assumptions are the rigidity of the scene objects and opaque object surfaces. The modelling system described here uses a three-step approach. First, the camera pose and intrinsic parameters are calibrated by tracking salient feature points throughout the sequence. Next, consecutive images of the sequence are treated as stereoscopic image pairs, and dense correspondence maps are computed by area matching. Finally, dense and accurate depth maps are computed by linking together all correspondences over the viewpoints. The depth maps are converted to triangular surfaces meshes that are texture mapped for photo-realistic appearance. The feasibility of the approach has been tested on both real and synthetic data and is illustrated here on several outdoor image sequences. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A critical amino acid residue, Asp446, in UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (1997)

An amino acid residue, Asp446, was found to be essential for the enzymic activity of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT). We obtained a rat phenol UGT (UGT1*06) cDNA (named Ysh) from male rat liver by reverse-transcription (RT)-PCR using pfu polymerase. A mutant Ysh having two different bases, A1337G and G1384A (named Ysh A1337GC1384A), that result in two amino acid substitutions, D446G and V462M, was obtained by RT-PCR using Taq polymerase. Ysh was expressed functionally in microsomes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain AH22. However, the expressed protein from YshA1337GG1384A had no transferase activity. Two other mutant cDNAs with YshA1337G having one changed base, A1337G, resulting in one amino acid substitution, D446G, and YshG1384A having a changed base, G1384A, resulting in an amino acid substitution, V462M, were constructed and expressed in the yeast. The expressed protein from YshG1384A (named YshV462M) exhibited enzymic activity, but the one from YshA1337G (named YshD446G) did not show any activity at all. Asp446 was conserved in all UGTs and UDP-galactose:ceramide galactosyltransferases reported, suggesting that Asp446 plays a critical role in each enzyme.
Mechanisms of Membrane Binding of Small GTPase K-Ras4B Farnesylated Hypervariable Region (2015)

K-Ras4B belongs to a family of small GTPases that regulates cell growth, differentiation and survival. K-ras is frequently mutated in cancer. K-Ras4B association with the plasma membrane through its farnesylated and positively charged C-terminal hypervariable region (HVR) is critical to its oncogenic function. However, the structural mechanisms of membrane association are not fully understood. Here, using confocal microscopy, surface plasmon resonance, and molecular dynamics simulations, we observed that K-Ras4B can be distributed in rigid and loosely packed membrane domains. Its membrane binding domain interaction with phospholipids is driven by membrane fluidity. The farnesyl group spontaneously inserts into the disordered lipid microdomains, whereas the rigid microdomains restrict the farnesyl group penetration. We speculate that the resulting farnesyl protrusion toward the cell interior allows oligomerization of the K-Ras4B membrane binding domain in rigid microdomains. Unlike other Ras isoforms, K-Ras4B HVR contains a single farnesyl modification and positively charged polylysine sequence. The high positive charge not only modulates specific HVR binding to anionic phospholipids but farnesyl membrane orientation. Phosphorylation of Ser-181 prohibits spontaneous farnesyl membrane insertion. The mechanism illuminates the roles of HVR modifications in K-Ras4B targeting microdomains of the plasma membrane and suggests an additional function for HVR in regulation of Ras signaling.
Solvent gradient electrospray for laser ablation electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (2017)

Most electrospray based ambient ionization techniques, e.g., laser ablation electrospray ionization (LAESI), utilize a fixed spray solution composition. Complex samples often contain compounds of different polarity that exhibit a wide range of solubilities in the electrospray solvent. Thus, the fixed spray solution composition limits the molecular coverage of these approaches. Two-barrel theta glass capillaries have been used for the rapid mixing of two solutions for manipulating fast reactions including protein folding, unfolding, and charge state distributions. Here, we present a new variant of LAESI mass spectrometry (MS) by scanning the high voltages applied to the two barrels of a theta glass capillary containing two different solvents. In the resulting gradient LAESI (g-LAESI), the composition of the spray solution is ramped between the two solvents in the barrels to facilitate the detection of compounds of diverse polarity and solubility. Dynamic ranges and limits of detection achieved for g-LAESI-MS were comparable to conventional LAESI-MS. We have demonstrated simultaneous detection of different types of chemical standards, and polar and less polar compounds from Escherichia coli cell pellets using g-LAESI-MS. Varying the spray solution composition in a gradient electrospray can benefit from the enhanced solubilities of different analytes in polar and less polar solvents, ultimately improving the molecular coverage in the direct analysis of biological samples.
Upper Body of a new Humanoid Robot - the Design of ARMAR III (2006)

The development of a humanoid robot platform within the scope of the collaborative research centre 588 has the objective of creating a machine that closely cooperates with humans. This development area presents a new challenge to designers. In contrast to industrial robots - for which mechanical rigidity, precision and high velocities are primary requirements - the key aspects here are prevention of hazards to users, a motion space that corresponds to that of human beings and a lightweight design. In order to meet these requirements, the robot must have humanlike appearance, motion space and dexterity. Additionally, its kinematics should be familiar to the user, its motions predictable, so as to encourage inexperienced persons to interact with the machine. This article gives insight into the design of the mechatronic components of the upper body of the humanoid robot ARMAR III. Due to the special boundary conditions for the design of such a humanoid robot and complex interaction between system elements, the design process is very challenging. The robot has a modular structure. The modules for neck, torso and arms were designed and built at the Institute of Product Development (IPEK) at the University of Karlsruhe (TH). The design of these modules of the upper body and the problems solved by these designs are presented in this article
Identification of short transmission-line parameters from synchrophasor measurements (2008)

Accurate knowledge of transmission line impedance parameters helps to improve accuracy in relay settings, post-event fault location and transmission power flow modeling. Four methods are presented in this paper to identify transmission line impedance parameters from synchronized measurements for short transmission lines. Estimates of parameters for short transmission lines is more challenging than for long transmission lines since measurement noise often causes large errors in the estimates. The effectiveness of these methods is verified through simulations. These simulations incorporate two types of measurement errors: biased and non-biased noise. The different effects of bias errors and random noise on the accuracy of the calculated impedance parameters are quantified. Last, some complicating factors and challenges inherent in real world measurements are discussed.
Efficient Web Content Delivery Using Proxy Caching Techniques (2004)

Web caching technology has been widely used to improve the performance of the Web infrastructure and reduce user-perceived network latencies. Proxy caching is a major Web caching technique that attempts to serve user Web requests from one or a network of proxies located between the end user and Web servers hosting the original copies of the requested objects. This paper surveys the main technical aspects of proxy caching and discusses recent developments in proxy caching research including caching the "uncacheable" and multimedia streaming objects, and various adaptive and integrated caching approaches.