gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High operation temperature of HgCdTe photodiodes by bulk defect passivation (2013)

Spatial noise and the loss of photogenerated current due material non-uniformities limit the performance of long wavelength infrared (LWIR) HgCdTe detector arrays. Reducing the electrical activity of defects is equivalent to lowering their density, thereby allowing detection and discrimination over longer ranges. Infrared focal plane arrays (IRFPAs) in other spectral bands will also benefit from detectivity and uniformity improvements. Larger signal-to-noise ratios permit either improved accuracy of detection/discrimination when an IRFPA is employed under current operating conditions, or provide similar performance with the IRFPA operating under less stringent conditions such as higher system temperature, increased system jitter or damaged read out integrated circuit (ROIC) wells. The bulk passivation of semiconductors with hydrogen continues to be investigated for its potential to become a tool for the fabrication of high performance devices. Inductively coupled plasmas have been shown to improve the quality and uniformity of semiconductor materials and devices. The retention of the benefits following various aging conditions is discussed here.
Immunogenicity of the envelope GP3 protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus displayed on baculovirus (2011)

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has been recognized as one of the most important pathogens of pigs throughout the world. The minor envelope protein GP3 of PRRSV plays an important role in clearing of the virus infection and protecting the animals. In this study, a recombinant baculovirus (BacSC-GP3) expressing His6-tagged GP3 with the transmembrane (TM) and cytoplasmic (CT) domains of envelope protein gp64 was constructed and its immunogenicity was evaluated in mouse and piglet models. The His6-tagged GP3 was successfully displayed on the surface of virions as well as virus-infected Sf-9 cells. The animals immunized with BacSC-GP3 gave a slightly higher (piglets) up to a markedly higher (mice) humoral and lymphocyte proliferation responses than those that received a commercial killed vaccine. This is the first study on the immunogenicity of recombinant GP3-baculovirus, which indicates that the latter can represent an alternative strategy for developing a more effective PRRSV vaccine.
The site of disruption of the bronchial epithelium in asthmatic and non-asthmatic subjects. (1992)

It is proposed that shedding of epithelial cells occurs along a suprabasal plane and that there is a potential plane of cleavage between the suprabasal and the basal cell layers, which might be more vulnerable to the various insults.
Enhanced Virtual Password Authentication Scheme Resistant to Shoulder Surfing (2015)

A username and password based login mechanism is commonly used for authenticating a user in online environments. It is a popular scheme because it helps to balance the usability and security traits of the system. However, online environments and pervasive computing may bring many risks through adversaries. Shoulder-surfing attack is one of the risks where attacker observes the authentication process and captures the password of victims. This paper proposes a hybrid-based authentication scheme termed "Enhanced Virtual Password Authentication (EVPA)". EVPA is designed to implement a virtual password mechanism to resist the shoulder surfing attacks. The virtual password mechanism requires a string part of password and a mathematical functional value to secure user passwords. The mathematical functional value keeps changing for each login session. This method uses a system generated random value and secret mathematical operation against the pre-selected secret number to obtain a mathematical functional value. Several experiments were conducted and the results demonstrate that systems are resilient to password attacks and usable for day to day purposes.
Characterization of antiarrhythmic drugs by alternating current induced arrhythmias in isolated heart tissues. (1982)

A new method for inducing arrhythmias or asystolia by the application of a 50 HZ alternating current (ac) to electrically driven heart preparations has been developed and applied to isolated left atria and right ventricular papillary muscles of the guinea-pig. An increase in driving frequency from 1 to 3 HZ effects a significant reduction of the threshold of ac-arrhythmia in guinea-pig papillary muscles but no change in atria. A decrease in temperature from 31 degrees C to 25 degrees C and an increase in [Ca2+]0 from 1.25 to 5 mmol/l elevates threshold for ac-arrhythmia and -asystolia. The fast sodium channel inhibitors quinidine, carticaine and benzylamino-5,6-dihydro-8,9-dimethoxy-imidazo-5,1-a-isoquinoline hydrochloride (HE-36) increase threshold of ac-arrhythmia in left atria and papillary muscles, whereas the slow channel inhibitor verapamil is ineffective in concentrations up to 6 mumol/l. Threshold of ac-arrhythmia is elevated by quinidine predominantly in papillary muscles. Carticaine and HE-36 are effective in left atria and papillary muscles to almost the same extent. Threshold of ac-asystolia is increased mainly in papillary muscles by quinidine and HE-36; carticaine produces a similar increase in left atria and papillary muscles. Verapamil even leads to a decrease in threshold predominantly in papillary muscles. It is concluded that model arrhythmias induced by alternating current are brought about mainly by an increase in Na+-conductance of cardiac cell membranes. The negative chronotropic potency in right atria occurs in the sequence verapamil greater than quinidine greater than carticane approximately HE-36. The negative inotropic potency in papillary muscle occurs in the same sequence but HE-36 increases force of contraction.
Plasma Organochlorine Levels and the Risk of Breast Cancer (1997)

Our data do not support the hypothesis that exposure to DDT and PCBs increases the risk of breast cancer.
Synthesis and characterization of poly(amino urea urethane)-based block copolymer and its potential application as injectable pH/temperature-sensitive hydrogel for protein carrier (2012)

A series of novel block copolymer comprising of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(amino urea urethane) (PAUU) was simply synthesized and characterized. The block copolymers were synthesized by a polyaddition reaction between isocyanate groups of 1,6-diisocyanato hexamethylene with secondary amine and hydroxyl groups of 2-hydroxyethyl piperazine and hydroxyl groups at the ends of PEG in chloroform in the presence of dibutyltin dilaurate as a catalyst and characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, FTIR and gel permeation chromatography. Copolymer aqueous solutions exhibited pH/temperature-dependent sol–gel phase transitions with a sol-to-gel and a gel-to-sol phase transition corresponding to the increasing of pH and temperature, respectively, with low concentrations. The gel regions covered the physiological condition and could be modulated by changing PAUU fraction, molecular weight of PEG and copolymer concentration. The copolymer hydrogel did not show cytotoxicity. After injecting the copolymer solution subcutaneously into SD rats, an in situ gel formed rapidly. The copolymer hydrogel was confirmed as a protein depot carrier; it showed a sustained release of FITC-BSA over 6 weeks. This novel pH/temperature-sensitive hydrogel system is a potential applicable candidate for protein carrier.
CatARact: Simulating Cataracts in Augmented Reality (2020)

For our society to be more inclusive and accessible, the more than 2.2 billion people worldwide with limited vision should be considered more frequently in design decisions, such as architectural planning. To help architects in evaluating their designs and give medical personnel some insight on how patients experience cataracts, we worked with ophthalmologists to develop the first medically-informed, pilot-studied simulation of cataracts in eye-tracked augmented reality (AR). To test our methodology and simulation, we conducted a pilot study with cataract patients between surgeries of their two cataract-affected eyes. Participants compared the vision of their corrected eye, viewing through simulated cataracts, to that of their still affected eye, viewing an unmodified AR view. In addition, we conducted remote experiments via video call, live adjusting our simulation and comparing it to related work, with participants who had cataract surgery a few months before. We present our findings and insights from these experiments and outline avenues for future work.
Kallistatin protects against LPS-induced mouse lung injury (2012)

Acute lung injury (ALI) is caused by overwhelming lung inflammation, resulting in diffuse alveolar damage, edema, and subsequently respiratory dysfunction. The mortality remains high, and the treatments are exclusively supportive because of lacking selective and efficacious pharmaceutical agents targeting on the pathogenesis of ALI. Kallistatin is a serine proteinase inhibitor that exhibits pleiotropic functions in vasodilation, anti-angiogenesis, anti-inflammation, and anti-apoptosis, which may contribute to its therapeutic effects in a variety of human diseases. Kallistatin is also found in the lungs, implicating its involvement in the regulation of lung functions. However, the role of kallistatin in the pathophysiology of ALI is still unclear. Herein, we hypothesized that kallistatin plays a role in protection against lung injury. Using kallistatin gene-transferred mice by delivering plasmid DNA encoding human kallistatin into the lungs, we examined the protective effect of kallistatin against LPS-induced lung injury. We found that the severity of lung injury was attenuated in kallistatin gene-transferred mice compared with untreated mice, indicated by decreasing cell counts, LDH and protein levels of bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF). BALF levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, MIP-2, and IL-6 were also lower in human kallistatin gene-transferred mice than untreated mice, suggesting a decline in inflammatory response after LPS treatment. In addition, the kallistatin gene-transferred mice showed less extent of epithelial cell apoptosis shown by TUNEL staining. Our data demonstrate for the first time that kallistatin protects against LPS-induced lung injury through attenuation of inflammation and epithelial cell apoptosis.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Phase Change Materials on Clothing During Periodic Ventilation (2003)

A numerical and experimental investigation is conducted of periodic ventilation process in fabric with microcapsules of phase change materials (PCMs). When microcapsules of phase change materials (PCMs) are added to textiles, they release heat as the liquid changes to solid state and absorb heat as the solid returns to liquid state. In this work, PCMs are incorporated in the numerical three-node fabric ventilation model of Ghali et al. (2002a) to study the transient effect of PCM on body heat loss during exercise when subjected to sudden change in environmental conditions from warm indoor conditions to cold outdoor conditions. The results indicate that the heating effect last approximately 12.5 minutes depending on PCM percentage and cold outdoor conditions. Heat released by PCM decreases the clothed-body heat loss by an average of 2.7 W for a one-layer suit depending on the frequency of oscillation and crystallization temperature of PCM. The experimental results revealed that under steady state conditions of the environment the oscillating PCM fabric has no effect on fabric dry resistance even though the measured sensible heat loss increased with decreasing the air temperature of the chamber. When a sudden change in ambient conditions occurs, the PCM fabric delays and the transient response and decreases body heat loss.
A 10-b 20-Msample/s low-power CMOS ADC (1995)

A single-ended input but internally differential 10 b, 20 Msample/s pipelined analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is demonstrated with 4 mW per stage using a single 5 V supply. The prototype ADC made of an input sample and hold (S/H) plus 8 identical unscaled pipelined stages consumes 50 mW including power consumed by a bias generator and two internal buffer amplifiers driving common-mode bias lines. Key circuits developed for this low-power ADC are a dynamic comparator with a capacitive reference voltage divider that consumes no static power, a source-follower buffered op amp that achieves wide bandwidth using large input devices, and a self-biased cascode biasing circuit that tracks power supply variation. The ADC implemented using a double-poly 1.2 /spl mu/m CMOS technology exhibits a DNL of /spl plusmn/0.65 LSB and a SNDR of 54 dB while sampling at 20 MHz. The chip die area is 13 mm/sup 2/.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Quantitative Object Reconstruction Using Abel Transform X-Ray Tomography and Mixed Variable Optimization (2008)

This paper introduces a new approach to the problem of quantitative reconstruction of an object from few radiographic views. A mixed variable programming problem is formulated in which the variables of interest are the number and types of materials and geometric parameters. To demonstrate the technique, we considered the problem of reconstructing cylindrically symmetric objects of multiple layers from a single radiograph. The mixed variable pattern search algorithm for linearly constrained problems was applied by means of the NOMADm MATLAB software package. Numerical results are presented for several test configurations and show that, while there are difficulties yet to be overcome, the method is promising for solving this class of problems.
The State-of-the-Art of Gas-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone Control Technology: From Laboratory to Field (2010)

Conventional gas-liquid separators are vessel-type with simple level and pressure control since the residence time is large. Compact gas-liquid separators, such as gas-liquid cylindrical cyclone (GLCC©—gas-liquid cylindrical cyclone—copyright, University of Tulsa, 1994), have emerged recently as alternatives to reduce size and increase separation efficiency for onshore, offshore, and subsea applications. As compared with the vessel-type separators, compact separators are simple, low-cost, low-weight, require little maintenance and are easy to install and operate. However, the residence time of the GLCC is very small. Consequently, it can be destabilized easily due to high flow variations at the inlet, for example, slugging, without the aid of fast and accurate control systems. In the past, lack of understanding of control system dynamics and design tools has prevented this technology from fast field deployment. The objective of this study is to present a review of the compact gas-liquid separator (GLCC) control technology. This includes the development of control strategies, control system design, dynamic simulation, experimental investigation, and field applications. The performance of compact gas-liquid separator (GLCC) strongly depends on the liquid level and/or separating pressure. In this investigation, several control strategies have been presented for field applications of gas-liquid compact separators. Especially, an optimal control strategy was developed for handling slug flow and optimizing the system performance in terms of reduced or eliminated liquid carry-over or gas carry-under. The developed strategies have been used for the design of several hundreds of GLCC applications, currently in operation in the field. Details of some of these applications are also presented. This study provides the state-of-the-art of gas-liquid compact separator control technology from the laboratory to the field.
Enhanced rate of nerve regeneration and directional errors after sciatic nerve injury in receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase sigma knock-out mice. (2002)

The receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase sigma (PTPsigma) is a member of the mammalian leukocyte common antigen-related (LAR) family. Its expression is developmentally regulated in neuronal tissues. The Drosophila homolog of the mammalian LAR family of phosphatases (DLAR) controls axon guidance during Drosophila embryogenesis. We have demonstrated previously that mice deficient in PTPsigma have CNS and peripheral nervous system abnormalities. The sciatic nerve in the PTPsigma(-/-) mice demonstrates an increased number of small diameter fibers and slower nerve conduction velocities compared with PTPsigma(+/+) or PTPsigma(+/-) controls. To study whether peripheral nerve regeneration is affected by PTPsigma activity, we assessed nerve regeneration in the PTPsigma(-/-) mouse after three standard models of sciatic nerve injury. We report that after sciatic nerve crush injury, nerve regeneration was significantly faster in the PTPsigma(-/-) animals, as determined by histologic, electrophysiologic, and neuromuscular testing. After sciatic nerve transection with immediate microsurgical repair or allografting, PTPsigma(-/-) nerve fibers demonstrated errors in directional growth compared with controls. We propose that PTPsigma regulates the axonal regeneration rate and guidance of regenerating fibers.
Lipoproteins of Gram-Positive Bacteria: Key Players in the Immune Response and Virulence (2016)

Since the discovery in 1973 of the first of the bacterial lipoproteins (Lpp) in Escherichia coli, Braun's lipoprotein, the ever-increasing number of publications indicates the importance of these proteins. Bacterial Lpp belong to the class of lipid-anchored proteins that in Gram-negative bacteria are anchored in both the cytoplasmic and outer membranes and in Gram-positive bacteria are anchored only in the cytoplasmic membrane. In contrast to the case for Gram-negative bacteria, in Gram-positive bacteria lipoprotein maturation and processing are not vital. Physiologically, Lpp play an important role in nutrient and ion acquisition, allowing particularly pathogenic species to better survive in the host. Bacterial Lpp are recognized by Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) of the innate immune system. The important role of Lpp in Gram-positive bacteria, particularly in the phylum Firmicutes, as key players in the immune response and pathogenicity has emerged only in recent years. In this review, we address the role of Lpp in signaling and modulating the immune response, in inflammation, and in pathogenicity. We also address the potential of Lpp as promising vaccine candidates.
Synthesis of .beta.-Methoxy, Methyl-Capped .alpha.-Oligothiophenes (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of .beta.-Methoxy, Methyl-Capped .alpha.-OligothiophenesLarry L. Miller and Yuan YuCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 21, 6813–6819Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00126a034https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00126a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1399Altmetric-Citations110LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The problem of education (1992)

Abstract Our greatest challenge lies in rethinking what kind of education is appropriate for a species whose standards of success threaten its ecological foundations.
Biologically Active Oligodeoxyribonucleotides - IV: Anti-HIV-1 Activity of Tgggag Having Hydrophobic Substituent at Its 5′-End via Phosphodiester Linkage (1996)

Abstract Hexadeoxyribonucleotides (6-mers) having a 5′-TGGGAG-3′ sequence bearing hydrophobic substituents at their 5′-ends via phosphodiester linkages were prepared and evaluated for anti-HIV-1 activity in vitro. Some of these modified 6-mers showed weak anti-HIV-1 activities and they were less potent than the 6-mer having a DMTr group directly attached at its 5′-terminus. 1. Part 111: Hotoda, H.; Koizumi, M.; Koga, R.; Momota, K.; Ohmine, T.; Furukawa, H.; Nishigaki, T.; Kinoshita, T.; Kaneko, M.; Kimura, S.; and Shimada, K. (1994) Proceedings of First International Antisense Conjierence of Japan p62 (Pl-24): In print in Antisense Research and Development. §This paper is dedicated to Dr. Yoshihisa Mizuno, Emeritus Professor of Hokkaido University, on the occasion of his 75th birthday. Notes 1. Part 111: Hotoda, H.; Koizumi, M.; Koga, R.; Momota, K.; Ohmine, T.; Furukawa, H.; Nishigaki, T.; Kinoshita, T.; Kaneko, M.; Kimura, S.; and Shimada, K. (1994) Proceedings of First International Antisense Conjierence of Japan p62 (Pl-24): In print in Antisense Research and Development. §This paper is dedicated to Dr. Yoshihisa Mizuno, Emeritus Professor of Hokkaido University, on the occasion of his 75th birthday.
整固你的无线网络——正确配置客户端和访问点，谨防非授权访问点 (2006)

越来越多的企业和家庭开始使用无线网络．却很少有人关注无线网络的安全性，也有一些人考虑过这类问题，但不知道有什么手段可以防止他们的无线网络资源被非法使用。本文介绍了各种常见的无线网络安全解决方案．对它们的特点进行了对比。如果你正在使用或者准备部署无线网络．一定要好好读读这篇文章。以了解如何降低无线网络所带来的安全风险。
An integrated systems design of the intelligent network (2002)

An integrated system design is proposed and defined for the intelligent network. It is based on the integration of the Signaling System Number 7 (SS7) network with the conventional SCPs (service control points). This results in more effective introduction of new services. A call processing model that allows multiple application services to provide real-time behavior is proposed. An application of this model of call processing to the Private Virtual Network (PVN) application services is given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Analytical equations for predicting injection locking in LC and ring oscillators (2006)

In this paper, we present a analytical method for predicting injection locking in the LC and ring oscillators. Our method is very convenient for analyzing the injection locking phenomenon in oscillators, since it doesn't require the Q factor, as the Adler equation (Adler, 1946) does. We show that our analytical solution is equivalent with Adler's equation for LC oscillators. Moreover, our method can predict injection locking in ring oscillators, where Adler's equation fails since the operating mechanism is different. We demonstrate the proposed techniques on LC and ring oscillator circuits, comparing results from our analytical equations against full SPICE-level circuit simulations. Numerical experiments show our methods are able to predict injection locking in oscillators with great accuracy.