gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
EGF, basic FGF, and TGF beta-1 messenger RNA production in rabbit corneal epithelial cells. (1992)

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to demonstrate that rabbit corneal epithelial cells produce messenger RNAs coding for epidermal growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (FGFb), and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF beta 1) ex vivo and in primary culture. EGF, FGFb, and TGF beta 1 mRNAs were detected in central and peripheral ex vivo epithelial tissue in wounded and unwounded rabbit corneas. Southern blots of the PCR products were probed with oligonucleotides to demonstrate that the appropriately sized amplification products were specific. These results suggest that corneal epithelial cells produce growth factors that may have autocrine or paracrine effects on epithelial cells, and possibly other cells of the cornea. The functions, if any, performed by these growth factors in corneal epithelial wound healing are yet to be elucidated.
High speed prototype quantum key distribution system and long term field trial (2015)

Securing information in communication networks is an important challenge in today's world. Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) can provide unique capabilities towards achieving this security, allowing intrusions to be detected and information leakage avoided. We report here a record high bit rate prototype QKD system providing a total of 878 Gbit of secure key data over a 34 day period corresponding to a sustained key rate of around 300 kbit/s. The system was deployed over a standard 45 km link of an installed metropolitan telecommunication fibre network in central Tokyo. The prototype QKD system is compact, robust and automatically stabilised, enabling key distribution during diverse weather conditions. The security analysis includes an efficient protocol, finite key size effects and decoy states, with a quantified key failure probability of ε = 10⁻¹⁰.
Optical frequency comb generator using optical fiber loops with single-sideband modulation (2004)

This paper describes optical frequency comb generation using optical single-sideband modulation technique. We can obtain optical frequency shift using the singnal-sideband modulator consisting of four optical phase modulators, where the frequency shift is precisely equal to that of an rf-signal fed to the modulator. A series of optical spectral components can be generated by using an optical fiber loop having an optical single-sideband modulator.
From graphite to interconnected reduced graphene oxide: one-pot synthesis and supercapacitor application (2017)

An innovative one-pot approach for the scalable production of novel interconnected reduced graphene oxide (IC-RGO) is demonstrated, and we name it the streamlined Hummers method (SHM). The formed IC-RGO represents a new type of three-dimensional platform, promising for many graphene related energy, environmental and medical applications.
A Modular, Scalable, Extensible, and Transparent Optical Packet Buffer (2007)

We introduce a novel optical packet switching buffer architecture that is composed of multiple building-block modules, allowing for a large degree of scalability. The buffer supports independent and simultaneous read and write processes without packet rejection or misordering and can be considered a fully functional packet buffer. It can easily be programmed to support two prioritization schemes: first-in first-out (FIFO) and last-in first-out (LIFO). Because the system leverages semiconductor optical amplifiers as switching elements, wideband packets can be routed transparently. The operation of the system is discussed with illustrative packet sequences, which are then verified on an actual implementation composed of conventional fiber-optic componentry
Effect of Hole Diameter on Nozzle Endwall Film Cooling and Associated Phantom Cooling (2015)

Flow fields near the turbine nozzle endwall are highly complex due to the passage vortices and endwall cross flows. Consequently, it is challenging to provide proper cooling to the endwall surfaces. An effective way to cool the endwall is to have film cooling holes forward of the leading edge, often called “inlet-film cooling”. This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on how the film hole diameter affects the film effectiveness on nozzle endwall and associated phantom cooling effectiveness on airfoil suction side. The measurements were conducted in a high speed linear cascade, which consists of three nozzle vanes and four flow passages. Double staggered rows of film injections, which were located upstream from the nozzle leading edge, provided cooling to the contoured endwall surfaces. Film cooling effectiveness on the endwall surface and corresponding phantom cooling effectiveness on the airfoil suction side were measured separately with a Pressure Sensitive Paint (PSP) technique through the mass transfer analogy. Four different film hole diameters with the same injection angle and the same pitch to diameter ratio were studied for up to six different MFR’s (mass flow ratios). Two dimensional film effectiveness distributions on the endwall surface and two dimensional phantom cooling distributions on the airfoil suction side are presented. Film/phantom cooling effectiveness distributions are pitchwise/spanwise averaged along the axial direction and also presented. The results indicate that both the endwall film effectiveness and the suction side phantom cooling effectiveness increases with the hole diameter (as decreases in blowing ratio for a given MFR) up to a specific diameter, then starts decreasing. An optimal value of the film hole diameter (blowing ratio) for the given injection angle is also suggested based on current study.
Development of the active doublet method for measuring small velocity and attenuation changes in solids (1992)

The measurement of small changes in elastic wave velocity and attenuation is important to a broad range of problems, such as earthquake prediction and early detection of rock failure in mines. Previous authors proposed a method for estimating small temporal velocity changes in the earth’s crust by analyzing progressive relative phase delays between the scattered waves of two signals generated by nearly identical earthquake sources, called doublets, recorded at different times at the same receivers. Several improvements have been made to the original method and are presented here. The reliability of measured velocity changes has been increased by using active, repeatable sources instead of natural earthquakes. The robustness of the analysis technique has been improved by eliminating unnecessary intermediate phase regression steps and thus reducing the sensitivity to spurious data. Finally, the phase-delay algorithm has been extended to allow measurement of small attenuation changes from relative amplitude decay rates. Using ultrasonic source and receiver transducers embedded in Plexiglas test samples, velocity changes as small as 0.01%, caused by ambient temperature variations in the Plexiglas, have been measured. Changes in attenuation on the order of 10%, due to permanent damage induced in one of the samples, have also been measured.
Directionally Filter Based Demosaicing with Integrated Antialiasing (2008)

In this document we disclose a technique integrating both a color interpolation method and an antialiasing method in a single step. This solution permits a reduction of memory requirement. In fact no extra memory lines are required to perform the false colors removal. This technique drastically reduces false colors and zipper effect by exploiting at the same time both spatial and spectral correlations.
Multiheterodyne spectroscopy with electro-optic frequency combs (2015)

Waveguide-based, electro-optic modulators were used to generate pitch-agile, optical frequency combs from a single continuous-wave laser. These combs are then detected via a multiheterodyne approach where the absorption information is down-converted into the radiofrequency domain.
DNA‐decorated carbon nanotubes for chemical sensing (2006)

Abstract We demonstrate a versatile class of nanoscale chemical sensors based on single‐stranded DNA (ssDNA) for chemical recognition and single‐walled carbon nanotube field effect transistors (SWNT FETs) for electronic read‐out. SWNT FETs with a nanoscale coating of ssDNA respond to vapors that cause no detectable conductivity change in bare devices. Sensor responses differ in sign and magnitude for different gases and can be tuned by choice of the ssDNA base sequence . Sensors respond and recover rapidly (seconds), and the sensor surface is self‐regenerating. Preliminary results of all‐atom molecular dynamics simulations agree with experiment. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Adjusting the timing of left-ventricular pacing using electrocardiogram and device electrograms (2011)

Optimal AV during LV pacing can be approximated from the intrinsic AV conduction time.
A 52 Kilodalton Protein Vaccine Candidate for Francisella tularensis (2004)

Lymphocytes activated against lacrimal antigens and injected IV can home to the LG and SG and initiate autoimmune processes, suggesting that these sites constitutively contain not only antigen-presenting cells displaying potentially pathogenic autoantigen epitopes but also chemokines and homing molecules that recruit CD4(+) T cells. This new rabbit model more closely mimics Sjögren syndrome, in that SG manifestations accompany the LG disease. It should be well suited to elucidating Sjögren pathogenesis and pathophysiology and to evaluating experimental therapies.
Simultaneous QSM and metabolic imaging of the brain using SPICE (2017)

This article reports a new capability for simultaneous susceptibility mapping and metabolic imaging of the brain from a single <sup>1</sup> H-MRSI scan, which has potential for a wide range of applications. Magn Reson Med 79:13-21, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Investigation of Dual Electrical Paths for Off-Chip Compliant Interconnects (2013)

This paper presents a study on a dual-path compliant interconnect design which attempts to improve the balance between mechanical compliance and electrical parasitics by using multiple electrical paths in place of a single electrical path. The high compliance of the parallel-path compliant interconnect structure will ensure the reliability of low-K dies. Implementation of this interconnect technology can be cost effective by using a wafer-level process and by eliminating the underfill process. Although an underfill is not required for thermomechanical reliability purposes, an underfill may be used for reducing contamination and oxidation of the interconnects and also to provide additional rigidity against mechanical loads. Therefore, this paper also examines the role of an underfill on the thermomechanical reliability of a dual-path compliant interconnect.
Synthesis of Modulated-Metasurface Antennas With Amplitude, Phase, and Polarization Control (2016)

An effective synthesis procedure for planar antennas realized with nonuniform metasurfaces (MTSs) excited by a point source is presented. This synthesis potentiates previous formulations by introducing a control of the amplitude of the aperture field while improving the polarization and phase performances. The class of MTS antennas we are dealing with is realized by using subwavelength patches of different dimensions printed on a grounded slab, illuminated by a transverse magnetic point source. These antennas are based on the interaction between a cylindrical surface-wave and the periodic modulation of the MTS, which leads to radiation through a leaky-wave (LW) effect. This new design method permits a systematic and simple synthesis of amplitude, phase, and polarization of the aperture field by designing the boundary conditions imposed by the MTS. The polarization control is based on the local value of the MTS anisotropy, the phase is controlled by the shape and periodicity of the modulation, and the amplitude is controlled by the local leakage attenuation parameter of the LW. The synthesis is based on analytical formulas derived by an adiabatic Floquet-wave expansion of currents and fields over the surface, which are simultaneously published in this journal issue. The effectiveness of the procedure is tested through several numerical examples involving realistic structures.
Studies on Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs. IV. Synthesis of Novel Thieno(2,3-b:5,4-c')dipyridine Derivatives and Their Anti-inflammatory Effect. (1999)

The syntheses and anti-inflammatory activities of novel thieno[2,3-b]pyridine and thieno[2,3-b:5,4-c']-dipyridine derivatives are described. These compounds were designed by modification of the quinoline template of a new type of disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD), TAK-603, and prepared by the Friedländer reaction as a key reaction. Their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated using an adjuvant arthritis rat model. Most of the compounds which included a diethylamino moiety in the side chain had potent anti-inflammatory effect. In particular, ethyl 2-(diethylaminomethyl)-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)thieno[2,3-b:5,4-c'] dipyridine-3-carboxylate (21) exhibited more potent activity than TAK-603.
New Segmented Thermoplastic Polyester Elastomers (1983)

New copolymer elastomers (Gaflex ® ) derived from dimethylterephthalate (DMT), butanediol (B1D), butenediol (B2D) and polytetrahydrofuran are described. The materials are processable by conventional thermoplastic techniques and are available with a range of melt viscosities. The elastomers are tough, tear resistant, and perform over a broad temperature range. Appli cations are found in tubing, wire coating, sports equipment and bellows.
Identification and expression of a common missense mutation (L302P) in the acid sphingomyelinase gene of Ashkenazi Jewish type A Niemann-Pick disease patients (1992)

Types A and B Niemann-Pick disease (NPD) result from the deficient activity of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM; E.C. 3.1.4.12) and the resultant lysosomal accumulation of sphingomyelin. Type A disease is a fatal, neurodegenerative disorder of infancy, whereas type B disease has no neurologic manifestations and is characterized primarily by reticuloendothelial involvement and survival into adulthood. Both disorders occur more frequently among individuals of Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry than in the general population. Recently, a missense mutation in the ASM gene (designated R496L) was detected in more than 30% of the ASM alleles from Ashkenazi Jewish type A NPD patients. We report a second, common mutation that resulted from a T to C transition at nucleotide 905 and predicted a leucine to proline substitution at ASM codon 302 (designated L302P). Notably, the L302P mutation occurred in 23.5% (8 of 34) of the Ashkenazi Jewish type A NPD alleles studied. In contrast, it was not found in any of the ASM alleles from non-Jewish type A patients, in 36 alleles from type B patients, or in 100 ASM alleles from normal Ashkenazi Jewish individuals. To confirm the authenticities of the L302P and R496L mutations, each nucleotide change was separately introduced into the full-length ASM cDNA by site-directed mutagenesis and transiently expressed in COS-1 cells. Neither mutation expressed ASM catalytic activity, consistent with the type A phenotype of homoallelic patients. The identification of the L302P mutation should further facilitate molecular carrier detection for NPD in the Ashkenazi Jewish population, particularly because the L302P mutation can be easily detected using the restriction enzyme, AlwNl.
Sonochemical co-deposition of antibacterial nanoparticles and dyes on textiles (2016)

The sonochemical technique has already been proven as one of the best coating methods for stable functionalization of substrates over a wide range of applications. Here, we report for the first time on the simultaneous sonochemical dyeing and coating of textiles with antibacterial metal oxide (MO) nanoparticles. In this one-step process the antibacterial nanoparticles are synthesized in situ and deposited together with dye nanoparticles on the fabric surface. It was shown that the antibacterial behavior of the metal oxides was not influenced by the presence of the dyes. Higher K/S values were achieved by sonochemical deposition of the dyes in comparison to a dip-coating (exhaustion) process. The stability of the antibacterial properties and the dye fastness was studied for 72 h in saline solution aiming at medical applications.
Multiplier architectures for FPGA double precision functions (abstract only) (2010)

FPGA devices are now more capable at supporting floating point applications, but double precision IEEE754 systems are still very challenging to implement, with large amounts of logic, routing, and DSP resources needed. Double precision multiplier operators, requiring 54x54 multiplier cores, are now directly supported in the fabric, however, multiplier based algorithms for algebraic and elementary functions typically require larger multiplier functions, typically in excess of 60x60 bits precision. This paper will use the example of a double precision exp (ex) to explore tradeoffs with multiplier architectures mapped to current FPGAs devices. Different types of the larger multiplier architectures, including direct implementations and Karatsuba-Ofman algorithms will be compared, including their effect on the resource requirements and system performance of the exp function. Smaller multiplier architectures, which introduce a small maximum functional error, will also be examined.Alternate large multiplier architectures can provide the same accuracy with increased system performance, with up to 33% less multiplier resources. Smaller multiplier will reduce the multiplier resources by up to 50%, albeit with a small maximum error, in the range of 5 ulp.
Translating seizure detection, prediction and brain stimulation into implantable devices for epilepsy (2003)

The dramatic success of pacemakers, cardiac defibrillators, cochlear implants and now brain stimulation for movement disorders has kindled enormous interest in translating Neuroengineering research into practical therapy for neurological disease. Epilepsy, which affects 60 million people worldwide, is an excellent target for new medical devices. Recent research indicates that seizures are likely generated over minutes to hours in a stereotyped, individualized fashion. Focal electrical stimulation has been demonstrated to abort or reduce seizures in animal models of epilepsy and now in early pilot trials in humans. The process of turning these exciting new findings into reliable therapeutic devices is taking place in an iterative process in which animal and basic laboratory research proceeds in parallel with FDA-supervised pilot human studies. We present a scheme for quantifying seizure precursors and coupling these measures to brain stimulation to abort seizures. Models of this type provide an exciting opportunity for engineers, neuroscientists and clinicians to collaborate, with unprecedented opportunity to rapidly translate new findings into clinical treatments.
Isolation and Characterization of Canine Amniotic Membrane-Derived Multipotent Stem Cells (2012)

Recent studies have shown that amniotic membrane tissue is a rich source of stem cells in humans. In clinical applications, the amniotic membrane tissue had therapeutic effects on wound healing and corneal surface reconstruction. Here, we successfully isolated and identified multipotent stem cells (MSCs) from canine amniotic membrane tissue. We cultured the canine amniotic membrane-derived multipotent stem cells (cAM-MSCs) in low glucose DMEM medium. cAM-MSCs have a fibroblast-like shape and adhere to tissue culture plastic. We characterized the immunophenotype of cAM-MSCs by flow cytometry and measured cell proliferation by the cumulative population doubling level (CPDL). We performed differentiation studies for the detection of trilineage multipotent ability, under the appropriate culture conditions. Taken together, our results show that cAM-MSCs could be a rich source of stem cells in dogs. Furthermore, cAM-MSCs may be useful as a cell therapy application for veterinary regenerative medicine.
A Novel Five-Transmembrane Hematopoietic Stem Cell Antigen: Isolation, Characterization, and Molecular Cloning (1997)

Phenotypic analysis of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSCs) has been an invaluable tool in defining the biology of stem cell populations. We have recently described the production of AC133, a monoclonal antibody (MoAb) that binds to a novel cell surface antigen present on a CD34bright subset of human HSCs. This antigen is a glycosylated protein with a molecular weight of 120 kD. Here, we report the molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding this antigen and show that it does not share homology with any previously described hematopoietic or other cell surface antigen(s). The AC133 polypeptide has a predicted size of 97 kD and contains five-transmembrane (5-TM) domains with an extracellular N-terminus and a cytoplasmic C-terminus. Whereas the expression of tetraspan (4-TM) and 7-TM molecules is well documented on mature and immature hematopoietic cells and leukocytes, this 5-TM type of structure containing two large (255–amino acid [aa] and 290-aa) extracellular loops is unique and does not share sequence homology with any known multi-TM family members. Expression of this protein appears limited to bone marrow in normal tissue by immunohistochemical staining; however, Northern analysis suggests that the mRNA transcript is present in a variety of tissues such as the kidney, pancreas, placenta, and fetal liver. The AC133 antigen is also expressed on subsets of CD34+ leukemias, suggesting that it may be an important early marker for HSCs, as well as the first described member of a new class of TM receptors.
Revisiting the Thermal Development of Latent Fingerprints on Porous Surfaces: New Aspects and Refinements* (2008)

Although the ability to develop latent fingerprints on paper using heat alone has been noted previously, it has been considered impractical for casework and inferior to other techniques. Here a new refinement of the technique is demonstrated for the high quality development of latent fingerprints on porous surfaces such as paper. Fingerprints deposited on various papers were developed by exposing them to hot air with a temperature in the vicinity of 300 degrees C, for periods of c. 10-20 sec. Several different heating methods were tested. The novel observation was made that after shorter heating times, fluorescent prints could be observed. These became visible after longer heating times, as noted by earlier workers, but with greatly improved contrast compared with their results. Prints from various donors (and aged prints) were developed with excellent ridge contrast. Direct heating methods (such as with a hot plate or press) produced inferior results. The refined technique, which is simple, safe and inexpensive compared with conventional methods, has great potential for use in forensic laboratories.
Real-time video quality monitoring (2011)

The ITU-T Recommendation G.1070 is a standardized opinion model for video telephony applications that uses video bitrate, frame rate, and packet-loss rate to measure the video quality. However, this model was original designed as an offline quality planning tool. It cannot be directly used for quality monitoring since the above three input parameters are not readily available within a network or at the decoder. And there is a great room for the performance improvement of this quality metric. In this article, we present a real-time video quality monitoring solution based on this Recommendation. We first propose a scheme to efficiently estimate the three parameters from video bitstreams, so that it can be used as a real-time video quality monitoring tool. Furthermore, an enhanced algorithm based on the G.1070 model that provides more accurate quality prediction is proposed. Finally, to use this metric in real-world applications, we present an example emerging application of real-time quality measurement to the management of transmitted videos, especially those delivered to mobile devices.