gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hypertensive Heart Disease and Endocardially Recorded Late Potentials (1987)

Thirteen patients with compensated (group 1) and six patients with decompensated hypertensive heart disease (group 2) were examined for ventricular late potentials using endocardial recording techniques. With endocardial catheter mapping, left ventricular late potentials could be recorded in six patients in group 2 (100%) but only in one patient from group 1 (8%); right ventricular late potentials could not be recorded in group 1 or in group 2 patients. The amplitudes of the late potentials were always in the microvolt range, with values ranging between 170 and 620 microV (with a mean of 349 +/- 152 microV). The coupling intervals of the late potentials--measured from the beginning of the preceding QRS complex to the beginning of the late potential--were found to be between 110 and 440 ms (with a mean of 311 +/- 122 ms). Late potentials could only be recorded in patients with reduced left ventricular pumping function--i.e., patients with an ejection fraction of less than 62% and a cardiac index of less than or equal to 2.9 L/min/m2, whereas patients with normal hemodynamic parameters had normal endocardial electrograms. Ventricular arrhythmias were recorded during 24-h, long-term electrocardiogram (ECG) in all patients in group 2 (100%) and in five patients from group 1 (38%). Ryan's class 2-4b malignant ventricular arrhythmias were only found in patients with demonstrable ventricular late potentials and reduced left ventricular pumping function. The present study shows that ventricular late potentials, and thus also ventricular arrhythmias, are found almost exclusively in patients with decompensated hypertensive heart disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Freeway Speed Harmonization (2016)

In this paper, we present an overview and background on speed harmonization (SH). This paper reviews a number of representative studies that designed traffic control algorithms based on variable speed limits, ramp metering, connected vehicle, or automated vehicle for SH. We summarize fundamental mechanisms, control algorithms, and evaluation results of these studies. We investigate the opportunities brought by a portion of the vehicles communicating with each other using new technologies. We also investigate opportunities due to some vehicles having automated speed control. We discuss experiments undertaken and underline a new experiment performed in real traffic. Finally, we discuss other new SH experiments that can be undertaken as market penetration makes communication ubiquitous.
Total laparoscopic proctocolectomy and laparoscopy-assisted proctocolectomy for inflammatory bowel disease: operative technique and preliminary report. (1995)

We present the operative technique of laparoscopic proctocolectomy along with the clinical course of the first four patients to undergo this procedure. The operation was conducted through five 12-mm ports. In total laparoscopic proctocolectomy, the dissection began with the sigmoid, left colon, and rectum. The gastrocolic ligament was opened at the level of the midtransverse colon and dissected along with the transverse mesocolon toward the splenic flexure. The attachments and vessels of the right side of the gastrocolic ligament and the right colon were taken last. This sequence was followed because gradual mobilization of the colon displaced all structures in the middle of the abdomen and obscured vision. The specimen was extracted through the anus. In laparoscopy-assisted proctocolectomy, it was necessary to incise only the white line of Toldt of the ascending and descending colon, mobilize the hepatic and splenic flexures, and ligate the vessels of the gastrocolic ligament. Then the vessels of the mesentery were ligated near the bowel wall through a 6.5-cm midline subumbilical incision from which the abdominal colon was also extracted. The rectum was then completely dissected and sectioned at 10-15 cm from the anus, everted, and resected at the dentate line. Mean operative time was 7 h, 18 min, and average blood loss was 493 ml. One patient had urinary retention. Return to liquid diet took a mean of 4 days. Average postoperative stay, which depended on full return of bladder function and teaching of stoma care, was 10 days.
Analysis of Megadalton Ions Using Cryodetection MALDI Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (2005)

Presented are initial results from the first commercially available matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer specifically designed for the sensitive detection of very high mass ions (macromizer, Comet AG). This new instrument utilizes a 16-element superconducting tunnel junction detector coupled with a fully adjustable gimbal-mounted ion source/focusing region that allows unparalleled sensitivity for detection of singly charged high molecular weight ions. Using this new technology, the singly charged ions in the megadalton region are detected from immunoglobulin M and von Willebrand factor proteins. This detector technology also measures the kinetic energy of the particles impacting the detector, which can be correlated to the charge of the particles. Immunoglobulin G and streptavidin were used to demonstrate the ability of the macromizer instrument to detect high-mass ions and to discern the charge state of the ions.
Simultaneous Utilization of Cellobiose, Xylose, and Acetic Acid from Lignocellulosic Biomass for Biofuel Production by an Engineered Yeast Platform (2015)

The inability of fermenting microorganisms to use mixed carbon components derived from lignocellulosic biomass is a major technical barrier that hinders the development of economically viable cellulosic biofuel production. In this study, we integrated the fermentation pathways of both hexose and pentose sugars and an acetic acid reduction pathway into one Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain for the first time using synthetic biology and metabolic engineering approaches. The engineered strain coutilized cellobiose, xylose, and acetic acid to produce ethanol with a substantially higher yield and productivity than the control strains, and the results showed the unique synergistic effects of pathway coexpression. The mixed substrate coutilization strategy is important for making complete and efficient use of cellulosic carbon and will contribute to the development of consolidated bioprocessing for cellulosic biofuel. The study also presents an innovative metabolic engineering approach whereby multiple substrate consumption pathways can be integrated in a synergistic way for enhanced bioconversion.
African-American attitudes regarding cancer clinical trials and research studies: results from focus group methodology. (2000)

Despite federal recommendations highlighting the need to include special population groups (mainly minorities and women) in clinical research, recruitment and retention of these groups present a great challenge to researchers. This paper describes a focus group study that was conducted to examine factors related to minority participation and retention in cancer clinical research studies. In 1996, the National Cancer Institute submitted a request for applicants to receive support for regional conferences. The purpose of the proposed conferences was to share current information and strategies to aid cancer clinical investigators in recruiting and retaining minority participants in clinical cancer research and to stimulate local/regional adaptations of these strategies. The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), The University of Alabama, and Tuskegee University collaborated to respond to the request. Funding was granted by NCI for the regional conference in Alabama. The conference was held in Tuskegee, Alabama, the site of the infamous US Public Health Syphilis Study at Tuskegee. In planning for the conference, focus group sessions were conducted with African-American men and women who represented all regions of Alabama. The focus group information was used to identify important issues to be addressed at the conference.
A very fast switched‐attenuator circuit for microwave and RF applications (2010)

An electronic circuit was designed and constructed that can switch an r.f. signal between two amplitude levels at very fast speed (less than 10 ns). The circuit incorporates a TTL control for convenient interfacing to existing equipment. The attenuation of the more attenuated state can be adjusted to be up to 12 dB more than for the less attenuated state. The initial application was in Pulsed Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy to produce a π/2 - π pulse sequence with pulses of equal time duration and 6 dB difference in amplitude. A new method for measuring electron spin echoes for narrow, homogeneously-broadened lines is described.
Microstructure of the highly dense MgB2 Superconductor by transmission electron microscope (2001)

The microstructure of the MgB2 superconductor sintered at high temperature under a high pressure of about 3 GPa was investigated by using a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM). The TEM images did not show any pores in the specimen. All grains were compactly connected, and no discernable empty spaces or impurities at the boundaries existed over the regions investigated. The HRTEM image showed clearly each constituent atom that formed the basal hexagonal plane, without any defect in a single grain. The a-axis lattice parameter, 0.307 nm, from this direct measurement was shorter than the value, 0.314 nm obtained from samples prepared using diffusion techniques. A minor impurity phase, which was most probably MgB4 and did not form interfacial layers was also observed, but was well isolated from the main MgB2 phase. Our results verify that the MgB2 powder was sintered under high temperature and high pressure into its theoretical density without any porosity or grain growth.
Inhibition of Influenza Virus Infection by Multivalent Sialic‐Acid‐Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles (2010)

An efficient synthesis of sialic-acid-terminated glycerol dendron to chemically functionalize 2 nm and 14 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is described. These nanoparticles are highly stable and show high activity towards the inhibition of influenza virus infection. As the binding of the viral fusion protein hemagglutinin to the host cell surface is mediated by sialic acid receptors, a multivalent interaction with sialic-acid-functionalized AuNPs is expected to competitively inhibit viral infection. Electron microscopy techniques and biochemical analysis show a high binding affinity of the 14 nm AuNPs to hemagglutinin on the virus surface and, less efficiently, to isolated hemagglutinin. The functionalized AuNPs are nontoxic to the cells under the conditions studied. This approach allows a new type of molecular-imaging activity-correlation and is of particular relevance for further application in alternative antiviral therapy.
Over‐the‐counter H<sub>2</sub>‐receptor antagonists do not compromise intragastric pH control with proton pump inhibitors (2002)

Concerns over inhibition of next-day daytime proton-pump inhibitor effect should not preclude use of nocturnal H(2)RAs in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.
Calcium effects on free and chromatin‐bound RNA polymerase II reactions (1982)

Concentration of CaC12(mM)
Electrical Ignition of Han-Based Liquid Propellants (1990)

Abstract : The feasibility of arcless ignition in a 2 cm3 igniter element was demonstrated in a vented chamber and in a 30-mm regenerative liquid propellant gun. The igniter consists of a center electrode separated from a more or less conically shaped vented outer electrode by a hollow cylindrical insulator. Simple steady-state potential field calculations were used to optimize the electrode and cavity geometries. The energy transfer to the igniter is determined mainly by polarity, electrode surface area and charge voltage. Stronger confinement of the liquid propellant igniter charge will accelerate the ignition process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray microanalysis show that ignition is affected by the chemical and physical characteristics of the electrode surface. Preliminary tests with multi-channel IR-spectrometry for recording the transient ignition reactions were also performed. Keywords: Guns; Liquid monopropellants; Electrical ignition; Combustion; HAN; Regenerative.
Numerical Evaluation of Silicon-Thin Film Growth from SiHCl<sub>3</sub>-H<sub>2</sub> Gas Mixture in a Horizontal Chemical Vapor Deposition Reactor (1994)

An evaluation of silicon epitaxial thin film growth using the SiHCl 3 -H 2 system in a horizontal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reactor is discussed. The transport equations for gas velocity, temperature and concentration of chemical species are solved, taking account of the dependence of gas properties on temperature and composition. By comparing the measured and predicted growth rates under atmospheric pressure, the increase in growth rate with temperature and SiHCl 3 concentration can be explained by assuming an Arrhenius-type expression for the chemical reaction of SiHCl 3 and H 2 on a substrate. The calculated growth rate of the Si film increases nonlinearly with SiHCl 3 concentration because the flow, temperature, and concentration distributions in the reactor depend on the SiHCl 3 concentration. Suppression of the growth rate due to thermal diffusion, which transports SiHCl 3 gas away from the hot surface, is found to become significant as the SiHCl 3 concentration in the reactor increases.
High-efficiency multilayer blazed gratings for EUV and soft x-rays: recent developments (2010)

Multilayer coated blazed gratings with high groove density are the best candidates for use in high resolution EUV and soft x-ray spectroscopy. Theoretical analysis shows that such a grating can be potentially optimized for high dispersion and spectral resolution in a desired high diffraction order without significant loss of diffraction efficiency. In order to realize this potential, the grating fabrication process should provide a perfect triangular groove profile and an extremely smooth surface of the blazed facets. Here we report on recent progress achieved at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) in fabrication of high quality multilayer coated blazed gratings. The blazed gratings were fabricated using scanning beam interference lithography followed by wet anisotropic etching of silicon. A 200 nm period grating coated with a Mo/Si multilayer composed with 30 bi-layers demonstrated an absolute efficiency of 37.6% in the 3<sup>rd</sup> diffraction order at 13.6 nm wavelength. The groove profile of the grating was thoroughly characterized with atomic force microscopy before and after the multilayer deposition. The obtained metrology data were used for simulation of the grating efficiency with the vector electromagnetic PCGrate-6.1 code. The simulations showed that smoothing of the grating profile during the multilayer deposition is the main reason for efficiency losses compared to the theoretical maximum. Investigation of the grating with cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy revealed a complex evolution of the groove profile in the course of the multilayer deposition. Impact of the shadowing and smoothing processes on growth of the multilayer on the surface of the sawtooth substrate is discussed.
Assessing the effect of data transformations on test suite compilation (2018)

Background. The requirements and responsibilities assumed by software has increasingly rendered it to be large and complex. Testing to ensure that software meets all its requirements and is free from failures is a difficult and time-consuming task that necessitates the use of large test suites, containing many tests. Large test suites result in a corresponding increase in the size of the test code that sets up, exercises and verifies the tests. Time needed to compile and optimise the test code becomes prohibitive for large test code sizes.
21세기 음악 전공생의 진로와 관련한 연구의 현황 분석 (2019)

The purpose of this study was to analyze the research trends on music career development including classical music, Korean traditional music and popular music majors, and presume the direction of 21st century music majors in Korea. The results of this study indicated that the research on the career development of music majors was very limited while other majors including economics, managements, or technological majors. Even though, the professors and students at collage of music recognized the matter of career development of music majors, professors and students do not have a solution for these matters. In conclusion, the researchers need to study on music career development for 21st music majors in Korea
Gunrock: GPU Graph Analytics (2017)

For large-scale graph analytics on the GPU, the irregularity of data access and control flow, and the complexity of programming GPUs, have presented two significant challenges to developing a programmable high-performance graph library. "Gunrock", our graph-processing system designed specifically for the GPU, uses a high-level, bulk-synchronous, data-centric abstraction focused on operations on a vertex or edge frontier. Gunrock achieves a balance between performance and expressiveness by coupling high performance GPU computing primitives and optimization strategies with a high-level programming model that allows programmers to quickly develop new graph primitives with small code size and minimal GPU programming knowledge. We characterize the performance of various optimization strategies and evaluate Gunrock's overall performance on different GPU architectures on a wide range of graph primitives that span from traversal-based algorithms and ranking algorithms, to triangle counting and bipartite-graph-based algorithms. The results show that on a single GPU, Gunrock has on average at least an order of magnitude speedup over Boost and PowerGraph, comparable performance to the fastest GPU hardwired primitives and CPU shared-memory graph libraries such as Ligra and Galois, and better performance than any other GPU high-level graph library.
Engineering food crops to grow in harsh environments (2015)

Achieving sustainable agriculture and producing enough food for the increasing global population will require effective strategies to cope with harsh environments such as water and nutrient stress, high temperatures and compacted soils with high impedance that drastically reduce crop yield. Recent advances in the understanding of the molecular, cellular and epigenetic mechanisms that orchestrate plant responses to abiotic stress will serve as the platform to engineer improved crop plants with better designed root system architecture and optimized metabolism to enhance water and nutrients uptake and use efficiency and/or soil penetration. In this review we discuss such advances and how the generated knowledge could be used to integrate effective strategies to engineer crops by gene transfer or genome editing technologies.
Hand drawn document understanding using the straight line Hough transform and graph matching (1996)

This paper presents a system to understand hand drawn architectural drawings in a CAD environment. The procedure is to identify in a floor plan the building elements, stored in a library of patterns, and their spatial relationships. The vectorized input document and the patterns to recognize are represented by attributed graphs. To recognize the patterns as such, we apply a structural approach based on subgraph isomorphism techniques. In spite of their value, graph matching techniques do not recognize adequately those building elements characterized by hatching patterns, i.e. walls. Here we focus on the recognition of hatching patterns and develop a straight line Hough transform based method in order to detect the regions filled in with parallel straight fines. This allows not only to recognize filling patterns, but it actually reduces the computational load associated with the subgraph isomorphism computation. The result is that the document can be redrawn by editing all the patterns recognized.
Human Plague — United States, 2015 (2015)

Since April 1, 2015, a total of 11 cases of human plague have been reported in residents of six states: Arizona (two), California (one), Colorado (four), Georgia (one), New Mexico (two), and Oregon (one). The two cases in Georgia and California residents have been linked to exposures at or near Yosemite National Park in the southern Sierra Nevada Mountains of California. Nine of the 11 patients were male; median age was 52 years (range = 14-79 years). Three patients aged 16, 52, and 79 years died.
A Novel Nanoscaled Device Concept: Quasi-SOI MOSFET to Eliminate the Potential Weaknesses of UTB SOI MOSFET (2005)

For the first time, a novel device concept of a quasi-silicon-on-insulator (SOI) MOSFET is proposed to eliminate the potential weaknesses of ultrathin body (UTB) SOI MOSFET for CMOS scaling toward the 35-nm gate length, and beyond. A scheme for fabrication of a quasi-SOI MOSFET is presented. The key characteristics of quasi-SOI are investigated by an extensive simulation study comparing them with UTB SOI MOSFET. The short-channel effects can be effectively suppressed by the insulator surrounding the source/drain regions, and the suppression capability can be even better than the UTB SOI MOSFET, due to the reduction of the electric flux in the buried layer. The self-heating effect, speed performance, and electronic characteristics of quasi-SOI MOSFET with the physical channel length of 35 nm are comprehensively studied. When compared to the UTB SOI MOSFET, the proposed device structure has better scaling capability. Finally, the design guideline and the optimal regions of quasi-SOI MOSFET are discussed.
Web Services (2004)

Abstract The past decade has seen the unfolding of the Web services paradigm as a logical extension to the distributed system approach of the Internet and the increasingly popular “software as a service” approach. In this chapter, we discuss the genesis of Web services, the state of the art, and the promises that the Web services paradigm holds.
<i>Myobacterium tuberculosis</i> Induces Selective Up-Regulation of TLRs in the Mononuclear Leukocytes of Patients with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis (2006)

Human and mouse studies indicate that TLRs are important in mycobacterial infections. We investigated TLR gene expression in fresh unstimulated blood and bronchoalveolar lavage from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis using a well-validated, real-time PCR. A human splice variant of TLR1, designated hsTLR1, was found in all donors tested. hsTLR1 mRNA lacks exon 2, which is a 77-bp region of the 5'-untranslated region, but contains the same coding sequence as TLR1. Compared with the matched controls, whole blood from patients had increased levels of mRNA encoding TLR2 (p = 0.0006), TLR1 (p = 0.004), hsTLR1 (p = 0.0003), TLR6 (p < 0.0001), and TLR4 (p = 0.0002). By contrast, expression of these TLRs was not increased in bronchoalveolar lavage. An increased level of hsTLR1 mRNA was found in both CD3- (p = 0.0078) and CD4+ cells (p = 0.028), resulting in an increased ratio of hsTLR1 mRNA to TLR1 and to TLR6 mRNA. An in vitro study in THP1 cells suggested that this relative increase in hsTLR1 might be attributable to a direct effect of mycobacterial components because it could be mimicked by mycobacterial preparations in the absence of IFN-gamma or T cells and by the TLR1/2 agonist Pam3CysK4. Half-life studies using blood from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and THP1 cells exposed to Myobacterium tuberculosis in vitro showed p38 MAPK-independent stabilization of mRNAs encoding hsTLR1 and TLR1. We conclude that M. tuberculosis exerts direct effects on patterns of TLR expression, partly via changes in mRNA half-life. The significance of these changes in the pathogenesis of disease deserves further investigation.