gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Shape and stability characteristics of hydrogen-enriched natural-gas oxy-flames in a micromixer burner (2021)

This study investigated experimentally the effects of H2-enrichment on premixed oxy-methane flames stabilized on a micromixer-like burner for clean energy production in gas turbines. The stable combustion zone was established over ranges of fuel hydrogen fraction (HF: 25–70% by vol.) and equivalence ratio (ϕ: 0.1–1) at fixed oxidizer oxygen fraction (OF = 30% by vol.) and fixed jet velocity (5.2 m/s). The blowout limit was plotted within the HF-ϕ space, superimposed on the contours of some operating parameters, namely adiabatic flame temperature (AFT), combustor power density (PD), jet Reynolds number (Re), and unburnt-mixture density (ρmix). Furthermore, images of visible flame shape were acquired at distinct points within the stable zone to study the effects of ϕ, HF, AFT, PD, Re, and ρmix on flame macrostructure. Results show that H2-enrichment extends the blowout limit from ϕ = 0.35 down to ϕ = 0.1, thereby widening the stable combustion zone. The blowout limit has little correlation with AFT and PD but correlates strongly with ρmix, i.e., occurs consistently at the same ρmix. The analyses of blowout limit and flame images were used to infer that the flames blow out possibly at constant ignition delay.
.BETA.-Cryptoxanthin and Bone Metabolism: The Preventive Role in Osteoporosis (2008)

Bone loss with aging induces osteoporosis. The most dramatic expression of the disease is represented by fractures of the proximal femur. Pharmacologic and nutritional factors may play a role in the prevention of bone loss with aging. β-Cryptoxanthin, a kind of carotenoid, is abundant in Satsuma mandarin orange (Citrus unshiu MARC.). Amoung various carotenoids including β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, lycopene, β-carotene, astaxanthin, and rutin, β-cryptoxanthin has been found to have a unique anabolic effect on bone calcification in vitro. Hesperidin, which is contained in Satsuma mandarin orange, did not have an anabolic effect on bone calcification in vitro. β-Cryptoxanthin has stimulatory effects on osteoblastic bone formation and inhibitory effects on osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro, thereby increasing bone mass. β-Cryptoxanthin has an effect on the gene expression of various proteins which are related to osteoblastic bone formation andmineralization in vitro. β-Cryptoxanthin has inhibitory effects on enzyme activity which is related to osteoclastic bone resororption, and the carotenoid induces apoptosis of mature osteoclastic cells in vitro. Oral administration of β-cryptoxanthin has been shown to have the anabolic effects on bone components in young and aged rats, and the administration has the preventive effects on bone loss in streptozotocin-diabetic rats and ovariectomized rats in vivo. Moreover, the intake of β-cryptoxanthin-reinforced juice for longer periods has been shown to have both stimulatory effects on bone formation and inhibitory effects on bone resorption in healthy human or postmenopausal women in evaluating with serum biochemical markers of bone metabolism in vivo. Thus the intake of dietary β-cryptoxanthin may have a preventive effect on osteoporosis due to stimulating bone formation and due to inhibiting bone resorption. Moreover, epidemiological studies suggest the potential role of β-cryptoxanthin as a sustainable nutritional approach to improving bone health of human subjects. β-Cryptoxanthin is an important food factor in maintaining bone healthy and in preventing osteoporosis.
A Blocker-Tolerant Inductor-Less Wideband Receiver With Phase and Thermal Noise Cancellation (2015)

A wideband receiver architecture with simultaneous phase and thermal noise cancellation greatly relaxes the traditional trade-offs between noise, out-of-band linearity, LO phase noise and power consumption. The architecture employs thermal noise cancelling and avoids voltage gain at blocker frequencies, and exploits the symmetry of phase noise to cancel the reciprocal mixing products in the presence of either single-tone or modulated blockers. The resulting design in 28 nm CMOS has 2 dB noise figure from 100 MHz to 2.8 GHz. Without using any inductors on-chip including the RF VCO, the receiver's NF is below 14 dB under either a 0 dB CW blocker or a -10 dBm WCDMA blocker.
FL118, acting as a ‘molecular glue degrader’, binds to, dephosphorylates and degrades the oncoprotein DDX5 (p68) to control c‐Myc, survivin and mutant Kras against colorectal and pancreatic cancer with high efficacy (2022)

DDX5 is a bona fide FL118 direct target and can act as a biomarker for predicting PDAC and CRC tumour sensitivity to FL118. This would greatly impact FL118 precision medicine for patients with advanced PDAC or advanced CRC in the clinic. FL118 may act as a 'molecular glue degrader' to directly glue DDX5 and ubiquitination regulators together to degrade DDX5.
An Omnistereoscopic Video Pipeline for Capture and Display of Real-World VR (2018)

In this article, we describe a complete pipeline for the capture and display of real-world Virtual Reality video content, based on the concept of omnistereoscopic panoramas. We address important practical and theoretical issues that have remained undiscussed in previous works. On the capture side, we show how high-quality omnistereo video can be generated from a sparse set of cameras (16 in our prototype array) instead of the hundreds of input views previously required. Despite the sparse number of input views, our approach allows for high quality, real-time virtual head motion, thereby providing an important additional cue for immersive depth perception compared to static stereoscopic video. We also provide an in-depth analysis of the required camera array geometry in order to meet specific stereoscopic output constraints, which is fundamental for achieving a plausible and fully controlled VR viewing experience. Finally, we describe additional insights on how to integrate omnistereo video panoramas with rendered CG content. We provide qualitative comparisons to alternative solutions, including depth-based view synthesis and the Facebook Surround 360 system. In summary, this article provides a first complete guide and analysis for reimplementing a system for capturing and displaying real-world VR, which we demonstrate on several real-world examples captured with our prototype.
Field quantification of plant chlorophyll content using Google Glass (2015)

Quantification of plant health is crucial for agriculture and can even be used to monitor environmental factors and climate related changes. Plant health is known to be directly related to the chlorophyll content of leaves, which correlates with the capacity of the leaves to transmit or absorb light. The gold-standard method for measuring the chlorophyll concentration of a leaf is based on chemical extraction, which is complex, destructive and time-consuming. As an alternative, here we present a field-portable, cost-effective, and colorimetric method to quantify the chlorophyll content of leaves using Google Glass. For this purpose, we created a custom designed handheld device which is battery-powered and 3D-printed to separately provide uniform illumination of a selected region of interest on the leaf surface using red and white light-emitting-diodes (LEDs). The design of this device minimizes the interference of ambient light conditions to our chlorophyll measurements performed through the Glass camera. We tested this platform by using fifteen randomly selected plant species from UCLA Botanical Garden and imaging fully-grown leaves of these species using Glass. An image-processing algorithm was developed to process the acquired images and obtain the chlorophyll concentration information using the red channel intensities in our region-of-interest for both the white and red LED illumination conditions. The results obtained by this algorithm are in good agreement with the SPAD indices measured for each plant, demonstrating that Google Glass, in combination with our custom-designed illumination platform, can expand its functionality to be used as a chlorophyll meter in field-settings.
Design of scanning spherical trireflector antennas with high aperture efficiency (1993)

It is frequently desirable to scan the main beam of a large antenna system without moving the main aperture structure. Spherical reflectors have excellent potential in this application. However, they are not commonly used because of poor aperture efficiency and high side lobes in traditional implementations. This work introduces a new dual-subreflector feed system design which does not require oversizing the spherical main reflector to accommodate scan and yet permits a controlled aperture illumination. The design yields high aperture efficiency, low cross-polarization, and low side lobes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Intracellular Environment Improvement of Mycobacterium neoaurum for Enhancing Androst-1,4-Diene-3,17-Dione Production by Manipulating NADH and Reactive Oxygen Species Levels (2019)

As one of the most significant steroid hormone precursors, androst-1,4-diene-3,17-dione (ADD) could be used to synthesize many valuable hormone drugs. The microbial transformation of sterols to ADD has received extensive attention in recent years. In a previous study, <i>Mycobacterium neoaurum</i> JC-12 was isolated and converted sterols to the major product, ADD. In this work, we enhanced ADD yield by improving the cell intracellular environment. First, we introduced a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) oxidase from <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> to balance the intracellular NAD<sup>+</sup> availability in order to strengthen the ADD yield. Then, the catalase gene from <i>M. neoaurum</i> was also over-expressed to simultaneously scavenge the generated H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and eliminate its toxic effects on cell growth and sterol transformation. Finally, using a 5 L fermentor, the recombinant strain JC-12<i><sub>yodC-katA</sub></i> produced 9.66 g/L ADD, which increased by 80% when compared with the parent strain. This work shows a promising way to increase the sterol transformation efficiency by regulating the intracellular environment.
An energy recovery circuit for AC plasma display panel with series CLC resonance-SER1 (2005)

The switching power loss due to the panel capacitance during sustain period in AC PDP driving system can be minimized by using the energy recovery circuits. We have proposed a series CLC resonance type ERC (energy recovery circuit), SER1 (Seoul National University Energy Recovery circuit 1st). A load capacitance model was arranged for AC PDP, and the different capacitive load characteristics for the different sustain waveforms were explained. We also arranged the design procedure for SER1, and the experimental circuit was made by this guide. The experimental results of its application to a 42-inch surface discharge type AC PDP full module showed good performance of SER1 in energy recovery rate, which was measured up to 92%.
Pulse Shaping of Octave Spanning Femtosecond Laser Pulses (2007)

Phase characterization, correction and shaping of an ultra-broad-bandwidth femtosecond laser were achieved using a grating-based pulse shaper. By using MIIPS, the compensated pulses generated a second harmonic spectrum spanning over 12,260 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> .
Cholera Toxin Production in Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor Biotype Strains in Single-Phase Culture (2020)

<i>Vibrio cholerae</i> O1 serogroup strains have been classified into classical and El Tor biotypes. Cholera, a life-threatening diarrheal disease, can be caused by either biotype through the cholera toxin (CT) that they produce. To increase our knowledge of the pathogenicity of bacteria, we must understand the toxigenicity of bacteria. CT production by classical biotype strains in simple single-phase cell cultures has been established; however, special culture media and growth conditions that are not appropriate for mass production of CT are required to facilitate CT production in El Tor biotype strains. In this report, we produced CT in El Tor biotype strains using simple media and single-phase culture conditions. A single point mutation in ToxT, a transcriptional activator of toxin co-regulated pilus (TCP) and CT, enabled the El Tor biotype strains to produce CT in similar quantities as classical biotype strains in single-phase laboratory culture conditions. CT production capacity varied between El Tor biotype strains. Wave 2 and 3 atypical El Tor strains tended to produce more CT than prototype Wave 1 strains. Wave 2 and 3 strains lack neutral fermentation; however, the capacity for neutral fermentation was not associated with significant differences in CT production by El Tor biotype strains. The Wave 3 strain that caused the 2010 cholera outbreak in Haiti produced CT only when neutral fermentation was abolished. The disparity in CT production between the seventh cholera pandemic strains highlight the differences in virulence between strains and the cause of population changes in <i>V. cholerae</i>.
Resource Allocation in 4G MIMO Cellular Uplink (2011)

In this paper, we consider resource allocation in the the fourth generation multi antenna (4G MIMO) cellular uplink. In particular, we consider the two 4G standards, IEEE 802.16m and 3GPP LTE-A, that have recently been approved. We show that the uplink resource allocation problems in both 802.16m and LTE-A networks are NP-hard. We then propose constant-factor polynomial-time approximation algorithms for both these problems. We also provide linear programming (LP) based upper bounds to benchmark the performance of our proposed approximation algorithms. Simulations reveal that the proposed algorithms have excellent performance, much superior to their worst-case guarantees.
Promotion of osteoclast survival and antagonism of bisphosphonate-induced osteoclast apoptosis by glucocorticoids (2002)

Glucocorticoids depress bone formation by inhibiting osteoblastogenesis and increasing osteoblast apoptosis. However, the role of bone resorption in the initial rapid phase of bone loss characteristic of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is unexplained, and the reason for the efficacy of bisphosphonates in this condition remains unknown. We report that in murine osteoclast cultures, glucocorticoids prolonged the baseline survival of osteoclasts and antagonized bisphosphonate-induced caspase activation and apoptosis by a glucocorticoid receptor-mediated action. Consistent with the in vitro evidence, in a murine model of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, the number of cancellous osteoclasts increased, even though osteoclast progenitor number was reduced. Moreover, in mice receiving both glucocorticoids and bisphosphonates, the expected proapoptotic effect of bisphosphonates on osteoclasts was abrogated, as evidenced by maintenance of osteoclast numbers and, additionally, loss of bone density. In contrast, bisphosphonate administration prevented glucocorticoid-induced osteoblast apoptosis. These results indicate that the early loss of bone with glucocorticoid excess is caused by extension of the life span of pre-existing osteoclasts, an effect not preventable by bisphosphonates. Therefore, the early beneficial effects of these agents must be due, in part, to prolonging the life span of osteoblasts.
Discovery of BMS-846372, a Potent and Orally Active Human CGRP Receptor Antagonist for the Treatment of Migraine (2012)

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonists have been clinically shown to be effective in the treatment of migraine, but identification of potent and orally bioavailable compounds has been challenging. Herein, we describe the conceptualization, synthesis, and preclinical characterization of a potent, orally active CGRP receptor antagonist 5 (BMS-846372). Compound 5 has good oral bioavailability in rat, dog, and cynomolgus monkeys and overall attractive preclinical properties including strong (>50% inhibition) exposure-dependent in vivo efficacy in a marmoset migraine model.
Coherence multiplexing of fiber-optic interferometer sensors (1985)

This paper is concerned with a new approach to multiplexing several remote sensors using control of optical coherence in place of the usual timedomain or frequency-domain techniques.1 Demonstration of one such system in bulk-optic form has been reported.2 Here we describe an all-fiber form of such a system.
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) supplementation in diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) (2011)

Improvement of oocyte/embryo quality with DHEA supplementation potentially suggests a new concept of ovarian aging, where ovarian environments, but not oocytes themselves, age. DHEA may, thus, represent a first agent beneficially affecting aging ovarian environments. Others can be expected to follow.
Formulating propranolol as an amorphous melt affords reduced skin irritation potential for transdermal drug delivery (2015)

Oral propranolol is commonly the first-line treatment of infantile hemangioma. However, oral delivery of propranolol is limited by systemic side effects, particularly in infants. Topical application may be a more patient friendly alternative while concurrently affording targeted delivery to the site of the skin lesion. Unfortunately, dose-dependent skin irritation is typically observed when propranolol is applied topically. Of additional concern, irritation is often exacerbated by organic solvents required to formulate propranolol. To address these concerns, we present novel formulations of propranolol as amorphous melts. Propranolol melts were successfully synthesized, and their physicochemical properties were tuned suitably for transdermal delivery using dialkyl sulfosuccinates as the counter species. Melts used in this study possessed the ability to penetrate skin when applied neat, without the need of any addition of solvent. Moreover, skin irritation potential of the lead melt was reduced compared to that of the propranolol free base (PFB). This reduction may be due to association of propranolol with the counter species in amorphous melts. The results presented here suggest amorphous melt formulations may open up the possibility to topically deliver drugs that traditionally elicit skin irritation.
Optical and Electronic Combined Buffer Architecture for Optical Packet Switches (2015)

Optical packet switch systems with fiber delay line (FDL) buffers provide high-throughput, bit-rate independent, energy-efficient, and transparent forwarding. However, the FDL buffer experiences scalability issues and, thus, cannot accommodate a large amount of network traffic. In this paper, we first investigate network performance of the FDL buffer. Due to the discrete-time nature of the FDL buffer, throughput of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) applications is not improved drastically in spite of the addition of extra FDLs. Then, we propose optical and electronic combined buffer architecture. The combined buffer is composed of an FDL buffer and a supplementary electronic buffer having power management functions according to its occupancy. The combined buffer uses only the FDL buffer and keeps its energy efficiency when traffic volume is low. In doing so, this architecture reduces power consumption to 70% of that of a buffer composed only of electronic devices under non-peak traffic. As the traffic volume increases, the combined buffer turns on its electronic devices and accommodates the increased traffic. Simulation results reveal that the proposed buffer architecture obtains 1.5 times larger throughput than that of the existing FDL buffer against suddenly increased traffic. Finally, we show that the supplementary electronic components have to be ready to use in less than 300 ms.
Effects of Rice Batter on Oil Uptake and Sensory Quality of Coated Fried Okra (2005)

ABSTRACT: Okra was coated and deep‐fat fried with batters of flour sources including rice flour, a mixture of rice flour and small amounts of pregelatinized rice flour (PGRF), and, as a control, traditional wheat flour. The addition of PGRF, up to 8%, enhanced batter viscosity and the coating properties of the rice batter. Oil uptake of the fried batter decreased with the addition of up to 5% PGRF. Rice flour fried batters, with and without PGRF, were found to absorb substantially lower oil, by as much as 51 %, compared with the wheat batter. The fried okra coated with the rice batter containing 5% PGRF, when evaluated for sensory properties on appearance and surface attributes, was found to be superior or equal to those with the wheat batter and rice batter without PGRF. Particularly, its golden brown color is considered more desirable than the lighter yellow color of the other 2 entities. Similarly, most of its 1st‐bite and after‐chew properties were slightly better and were in the normal range of commercially available products. Specifically, its distinctive crispiness is considered a positive attribute, whereas its slightly higher tooth packing properties, while remaining in the range of commercial products, may be noticeable to some consumers.
Are luminescent quantum dots efficient energy acceptors? (2005)

Steady state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements were used to investigate the ability of luminescent quantum dots (QDs) to function as efficient energy acceptors in fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) binding assays with organic dye donors. Fluorescent dyes, AlexaFluor 488 or Cy3, were used with various QD acceptors in QD-dye-labeled-protein conjugates. Data derived from both sets of experiments showed no apparent FRET from dye to QD. The collected data were discussed within the framework of a competition between a fast radiative decay rate of the donor excitation and a slower FRET decay rate. This is due to the long exciton lifetime of the acceptor compared to that of the dye, combined with substantial QD direct excitation.
Picosecond fluorescence lifetime imaging microscope for imaging of living glioma cells (2005)

In this communication, we report the imaging of living glioma cells using fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) technique. The growing interests in developing novel techniques for diagnosis and minimally invasive therapy of brain tumor have led to microscopic studies of subcellular structures and intracellular processes in glioma cells. Fluorescence microscopy has been used with a number of exogenous molecular probes specific for certain intracellular structures such as mitochondria, peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR), and calcium concentration. When probes with overlapping emission spectra being used, separate samples are required to image each probe individually under conventional fluorescence microscopy. We have developed a wide-field FLIM microscope that uses fluorescence lifetime as an additional contrast for resolving multiple markers in the same essay. The FLIM microscope consists of a violet diode laser and a nitrogen-pumped dye laser to provide tunable sub-nanosecond excitation from UV to NIR. The detection system is based on a time-gated ICCD camera with minimum 80 ps gate width. The performance of the system was evaluated using fluorescence dyes with reported lifetime values. Living rat glioma C6 cells were stained with JC-1 and Rhodamine 123. FLIM images were acquired and their lifetimes in living cells were found in good agreements with values measured in solutions by a time-domain fluorescence spectrometer. These results indicate that imaging of glioma cells using FLIM can resolve multiple spectrally-overlapping probes and provide quantitative functional information about the intracellular environment.