gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection of <i>Acidovorax avenae</i> ssp. <i>avenae</i> in Rice Seeds Using BIO‐PCR (2004)

Abstract The bacterium, Acidovorax avenae ssp. avenae causes several important plant diseases including bacterial stripe of rice, bacterial stalk rot of corn, bacterial leaf blight of oats, and red stripe of sugarcane and millet. Although the organism is seed‐borne in rice, no reliable seed assay is available. A semiselective liquid medium based on d ‐sorbitol and l ‐pyroglutamic acid (SP medium), and two sets of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers were designed for use in a BIO‐PCR assay for detection of A. avenae ssp. avenae in rice seeds. External primer set, Aaaf3 and Aaar2, and internal primer set, Aaaf5 and Aaar2, designed from a 619 bp fragment of the internal transcribed spacer region of the 16S–23S rDNA of A. avenae ssp. avenae strain CAa4 were specific at the subspecies level. A nested‐PCR assay produced the expected DNA product from 58 rice strains tested but not with DNA from 27 strains of A. avenae ssp. avenae from corn and other hosts. Furthermore, the primers failed to amplify a PCR product from two strains of A. avenae ssp. cattleyae , 10 strains of A. avenae ssp. citrulli , or 64 other bacteria. When A. avenae ssp. avenae was enriched prior to PCR by incubating washings of naturally contaminated rice seeds for 12 h in SP liquid medium, populations of the pathogen increased over 1000‐fold, whereas populations of saprophytic bacteria remained stable. Populations of the target bacterium routinely reached PCR‐detectable levels after seed samples containing as few as 1–2 target cells and up to 10 4 cfu of other bacteria were soaked overnight in phosphate buffer and then enriched for 12 h in SP liquid medium. Assays of 64 naturally infected rice seed samples resulted in 53 being positive by BIO‐PCR and 34 by classical PCR. The BIO‐PCR assay provides a sensitive, reliable tool for the specific detection of A. avenae ssp. avenae in rice seeds. The use of trade, firm or corporation names in this publication (or page) is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable.
A new actigraph for long-term registration of the duration and intensity of tremor and movement (1998)

Actigraphy, the long-term measurement of human movement with a small solid state recorder, is gaining acceptance as a useful method in many research fields. Currently available actigraphs assess or estimate the movement duration per time interval. However, the output gives no information on movement type or intensity, and cannot be used in subjects suffering from tremor. The present paper describes a new type of actigraph, that has been developed primarily for the long-term evaluation of motor symptoms in Parkinson patients. The device is the first to discriminate tremor from other movements and to assess both duration and intensity of the two types of movement. It is based on a Motorola 68HC805B6 microcontroller and contains: an accelerometer, programmable gain stages, programmable low- and highpass filters, a programmable level comparator, a peak detector, interface circuits, a real time clock, data storage, and control circuitry. The micro-controller performs a period amplitude sequence analysis (PASA) on the conditioned accelerometer signal, and stores four output variables (tremor duration, tremor amplitude, movement duration, and movement amplitude) at the end of programmable time intervals. The analysis of fluctuations in the motor symptoms of, e.g., Parkinson patients using this actigraph can be of great help in the pharmacological management of symptoms.
Noise Robust Speech Parameterization Using (2001)

In this paper, we present a multiresolution-based feature extraction technique for speech recognition in adverse conditions. The proposed front-end algorithm uses mel cep- strum-based feature computation of subbands in order not to spread noise distortions over the entire feature space. Conven- tional full-band features are also augmented to the final feature vector which is fed to the recognition unit. Other novel features of the proposed front-end algorithm include emphasis of long-term spectral information combined with cepstral domain feature vector normalization and the use of the PCA transform, instead of DCT, to provide the final cepstral parameters. The proposed algorithm was experimentally evaluated in a connected digit recognition task under various noise conditions. The results obtained show that the new feature extraction algorithm improves word recognition accuracy by 41% when compared to the per- formance of mel cepstrum front-end. A substantial increase in recognition accuracy was observed in all tested noise environments at all different SNRs. The good performance of multiresolution front-end is not only due to the higher feature vector dimension, but the proposed algorithm clearly outperformed the mel cepstral front-end when the same number of HMM parameters were used in both systems. We also propose methods to reduce the computational complexity of the multiresolution front-end-based speech recognition system. Experimental results indicate the viability of the proposed techniques.
Energy-Adaptive Display System Designs for Future Mobile Environments (2003)

Article Share on Energy-Adaptive Display System Designs for Future Mobile Environments Authors: Subu Iyer View Profile , Lu Luo View Profile , Robert Mayo View Profile , Parthasarathy Ranganathan View Profile Authors Info & Claims MobiSys '03: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Mobile systems, applications and servicesMay 2003Pages 245–258https://doi.org/10.1145/1066116.1189045Published:05 May 2003Publication History 61citation227DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations61Total Downloads227Last 12 Months4Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
DEGRADATION OF UREMIC TOXINS WITH FREE AND ENCAPSULATED ENZYMES (2003)

Oral delivery of encapsulated bioactive agents (eg. cells or enzymes) for metabolic degradation of urea, uric acid and creatinine represents a novel approach to treat uremia We report here on an in vitro evaluation demonstrating preliminary feasibility of this new therapy format. Three enzymes (Urease from jack beans, Uricase from Arthrobacter globiformis, Creatininase from Flavobacterium (Sigma)) were simultaneously encapsulated in alginate, forming a combination enzyme capsule; ultimately these capsules will be administered orally and act on uremic toxins which freely diffuse into the gut. A test solution consisting of metabolites at similar levels to those found in the blood of kidney failure patients was prepared: urea (100 mg/dl), uric acid (10 mg/dl), and creatinine (10 mg/dl) and we measured the reduction of the metabolites by assay.TableOur results show no real difference between free and encapsulated enzyme trials. Therefore, the enzymes are active within the capsule and the data suggests that mass transfer was not limiting. A twenty-four hour period or Gl transit time, appears adequate for these ratios of metabolite to enzyme. Continued evaluations to confirm that this approach could supplement and improve existing renal therapy treatment are underway.
Stable Solid State Reference Electrodes for High Temperature Water Chemistry (1995)

Abstract A solid state electrode capable of providing a stable reference potential under a wide range of temperatures and chemical conditions has been demonstrated. The electrode consists of a zirconia or yttria-stabilized zirconia tube packed with an inorganic polymer electrolyte and a silver/silver chloride sensing element. The sensing element is maintained near room temperature by a passive cooling heat sink. The electrode stability was demonstrated by testing it in high temperature (280°C) aqueous solutions over extended periods of time. This reference electrode is useful in many applications, particularly for monitoring the chemistry in nuclear and fossil power plants.
Twin MONOS: a nitride based dual bit flash memory (2005)

Twin MONOS is a CMOS-based dual bit nitride storage flash memory technology which offers low cost, high performance and low power.
Triazolyl Azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes: a Class of Potent and Selective Dopamine D<sub>3</sub> Receptor Antagonists (2010)

Herein we report a detailed description of the structure-activity relationships for a novel series of "C-linked" 1,2,4-triazolylazabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes. These derivatives are endowed with very high in vitro affinity and selectivity for the dopamine D(3) receptor. An optimization with respect to undesired affinity toward the hERG potassium channel is also reported. Members of this compound series also show excellent in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetic properties.
Poly(vinyliminomethylenes) (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPoly(vinyliminomethylenes)R. B. King and L. BorodinskyCite this: Macromolecules 1985, 18, 11, 2117–2120Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00153a007RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (563 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Video decoder embedded with temporal LMMSE denoising filter (2008)

Under noisy circumstance, the encoded video can be corrupted by noise and the decoded video may be very noisy. In this paper, a novel scheme is proposed for decoding noisy video bitstreams. First a temporal linear minimum mean squared error (LMMSE) estimator for video denoising is presented. Based on the analysis of hybrid video decoder, this temporal LMMSE denoising filtering is seamlessly embedded into hybrid video decoding process. The operations performed for denoising are very few, and the total complexity of the proposed scheme is very similar to that of a regular decoder. Experimental results show that compared to the standard decoder, with the proposed scheme, the subjective quality of the decoded video can be significantly improved.
Efficient and Fair Network Selection for Integrated Cellular and Drone-Cell Networks (2019)

This paper is concerned with the network selection for heterogeneous networks. Although many network selection approaches have been developed for heterogeneous networks, few of them explore the network selection problem for integrated cellular and drone-cell networks. Furthermore, most of the existing designs may be unsuitable for the integrated cellular and drone-cell networks owing to the high dynamic drone-cell-user association and the relatively limited drone-cell network capacity. In this paper, we investigate a network selection problem for the integrated cellular and drone-cell networks with a goal of maximizing a proportional fairness function of time average utilities across users under coarse correlated equilibrium constraints and minimum time average utility constraints. To mitigate this challenging problem, we first convert it into a non-linear integer programming (NLIP) problem based on our derived theoretical results. Next, we propose a repeated-stochastic-game-based efficient and fair network selection (RSG-EF) algorithm to alleviate the NLIP problem by leveraging a linear approximation mechanism. Simulation results show that the RSG-EF algorithm can achieve the highest total utility and a high level of fairness across users compared with three benchmark algorithms.
Shape Memory Polymer Stent With Expandable Foam: A New Concept for Endovascular Embolization of Fusiform Aneurysms (2007)

We demonstrate a new concept for endovascular embolization of nonnecked fusiform aneurysms. A device prototype consisting of a stent augmented with expandable foam, both made from shape memory polymer, was fabricated and deployed in an in vitro model. Visual observation indicated that the foam achieved embolization of the aneurysm while the stent maintained an open lumen in the parent artery. The shape memory polymer stent-foam device is a potential tool for treatment of nonnecked fusiform aneurysms, as well as an alternative to stent- and balloon-assisted coil embolization of wide-necked aneurysms.
Spin Current in Metals and Superconductors (2008)

The nonlocal spin transport in a nanostructure device consisting of ferromagnetic spin injector (F1) and spin detector (F2) electrodes connected to a normal conductor (N) or a superconductor (SC) is discussed. We explore how the spin transport in such a device depends on the nature of interface (metallic-contact or tunnel junction) and material parameters of electrodes by solving the spin-dependent transport equations, and obtain the conditions for efficient spin injection, spin accumulation, and spin current. In a device with SC, the spin transport is strongly affected by the onset of superconductivity. Nonlocal Spin Hall effect in metals and SCs are investigated. A superconducting qubit with a π junction is discussed.
Single-nucleotide polymorphism in the human mu opioid receptor gene alters β-endorphin binding and activity: Possible implications for opiate addiction (1998)

Opioid drugs play important roles in the clinical management of pain, as well as in the development and treatment of drug abuse. The mu opioid receptor is the primary site of action for the most commonly used opioids, including morphine, heroin, fentanyl, and methadone. By sequencing DNA from 113 former heroin addicts in methadone maintenance and 39 individuals with no history of drug or alcohol abuse or dependence, we have identified five different single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the coding region of the mu opioid receptor gene. The most prevalent SNP is a nucleotide substitution at position 118 (A118G), predicting an amino acid change at a putative N-glycosylation site. This SNP displays an allelic frequency of approximately 10% in our study population. Significant differences in allele distribution were observed among ethnic groups studied. The variant receptor resulting from the A118G SNP did not show altered binding affinities for most opioid peptides and alkaloids tested. However, the A118G variant receptor binds beta-endorphin, an endogenous opioid that activates the mu opioid receptor, approximately three times more tightly than the most common allelic form of the receptor. Furthermore, beta-endorphin is approximately three times more potent at the A118G variant receptor than at the most common allelic form in agonist-induced activation of G protein-coupled potassium channels. These results show that SNPs in the mu opioid receptor gene can alter binding and signal transduction in the resulting receptor and may have implications for normal physiology, therapeutics, and vulnerability to develop or protection from diverse diseases including the addictive diseases.
Ultrasound for the Brain: A Review of Physical and Engineering Principles, and Clinical Applications (2020)

The emergence of new ultrasound technologies has improved our understanding of the brain functions and offered new opportunities for the treatment of brain diseases. Ultrasound has become a valuable tool in preclinical animal and clinical studies as it not only provides information about the structure and function of brain tissues but can also be used as a therapy alternative for brain diseases. High-resolution cerebral flow images with high sensitivity can be acquired using novel functional ultrasound and super-resolution ultrasound imaging techniques. The noninvasive treatment of essential tremors has been clinically approved and it has been demonstrated that the ultrasound technology can revolutionize the currently existing treatment methods. Microbubble-mediated ultrasound can remotely open the blood-brain barrier enabling targeted drug delivery in the brain. More recently, ultrasound neuromodulation received a great amount of attention due to its noninvasive and deep penetration features and potential therapeutic benefits. This review provides a thorough introduction to the current state-of-the-art research on brain ultrasound and also introduces basic knowledge of brain ultrasound including the acoustic properties of the brain/skull and engineering techniques for ultrasound. Ultrasound is expected to play an increasingly important role in the diagnosis and therapy of brain diseases.
Use of a TiN cap to attain low sheet resistance for scaled TiSi<sub>2</sub> on sub-half-micrometer polysilicon lines (1996)

A new process technology has been demonstrated that successfully addresses an urgent challenge in silicide technology scaling: the formation of low-resistivity TiSi/sub 2/ on sub-half-micrometer polysilicon lines. The key idea is the use of a TiN cap during the silicide process to minimize contaminants and stress in the film. No complex process steps have been added, and the thermal budget actually has been reduced, allowing for easy integration into standard CMOS technology. The new technology enables low sheet resistance values to be attained for scaled-down TiSi/sub 2/ thicknesses on sub-half-micrometer geometries, and thus, is eminently suited for scaling TiSi/sub 2/ technology.
Fuzzy set theory based outage determination [for distribution networks] (2002)

This paper presents an advanced method for determining outages in a distribution network based on information derived from an AM/FM/GIS system. Fuzzy set theory is applied in modelling the possibility of protective device operation based on customer trouble calls, taking into account device location in the distribution network protection schema, and other factors such as adverse weather conditions or lightning strikes. The developed fuzzy set based outage determination procedure is implemented in an industrial grade, commercially available product. Testing against other conventional methods has proven this outage determination procedure to be consistently more accurate.
Design of silicon hetero-interface photodetectors (1997)

In a silicon hetero-interface photodetector, Si is used as the multiplication material to provide avalanche gain, while InGaAs is used as the absorption material. High quantum efficiency, high gain-bandwidth product, and low noise detection of wavelengths between 1.0 and 1.6 mm can be achieved in this way. We derive expressions for the frequency response for these detectors, present possible design variations, and analyze their performance. The effects of parasitics, transit time, and RC roll-off on frequency response are investigated and the 3-dB bandwidth and gain bandwidth product are calculated. Particular attention is paid to a 10 Gbit/s APD and we show that that a 3-dB bandwidth of 10 GHz and a gain-bandwidth product in excess of 400 GHz should be possible.
Technique to form ultrathin buried oxides in Si by O/sup +/-implantation (2002)

High-dose implantation of oxygen into Si to form a buried oxide (BOX) is used commercially to synthesize a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) material. This SOI is projected for use as the starting substrate of future generations of integrated circuits but is costly and suffers from residual defects in the top layer of Si. Both of these issues relate to the magnitude of the implantation dose and can be substantially overcome by simply utilizing a smaller dose. However, acceptance of this approach is problematic since a straight-forward application by simply reducing the implantation dose leads to a disastrous result; a low-dose O/sup +/-implant fails to coalesce into a continuous layer during post-implantation annealing and, thus, does not provide electrical isolation of the superficial Si. A technique involving a two-step implantation scheme was developed to overcome this problem.
The ferroelectric properties of <i>c</i>-axis oriented Pb5Ge3O11 thin films prepared by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1999)

C-axis oriented ferroelectric Pb5Ge3O11 thin films were prepared on Pt/Ir-coated Si wafers by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) and rapid thermal process annealing techniques. The films were specular and crack free and showed complete crystallization with c-axis orientation for growth temperatures between 500 and 550 °C. Good ferroelectric properties were obtained for a 150-nm-thick film with Pt/Ir electrodes: the remanent polarization (2Pr) and coercive field (2Ec) values were about 3.8 μC/cm2 and 93 kV/cm, respectively. The films also showed excellent fatigue characteristics: no fatigue was observed up to 1×109 switching cycles. The leakage current increased with increasing applied voltage, and is about 3.6×10−7 A/cm2 at 100 kV/cm. The dielectric constant showed behavior similar to most ferroelectric materials in that the dielectric constant changed with applied voltages. The maximum dielectric constant is about 45. High-quality MOCVD Pb5Ge3O11 films can be used for single transistor ferroelectric memory devices.
Using InfiniBand Hardware Gather-Scatter Capabilities to Optimize MPI All-to-All (2016)

The MPI all-to-all algorithm is a data intensive, high-cost collective algorithm used by many scientific High Performance Computing applications. Optimizations for small data exchange use aggregation techniques, such as the Bruck algorithm, to minimize the number of messages sent, and minimize overall operation latency. This paper presents three variants of the Bruck algorithm, which differ in the way data is laid out in memory at intermediate steps of the algorithm. Mellanox's InfiniBand support for Host Channel Adapter (HCA) hardware scatter/gather is used selectively to replace CPU-based buffer packing and unpacking. Using this offload capability reduces the eight and sixteen byte all-to-all latency on 1024 MPI Processes by 9.7% and 9.1%, respectively. The optimization accounts for a decrease in the total memory handling time of 40.6% and 57.9%, respectively.