gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Advances in the CAD Simulation of Textile Yarns (2011)

A project aimed at the 3D simulation of textile yarns from technical specifications was begun in 1993 and attracted support from both industry and research councils to enable the formation of a multi-national team of researchers to come together in the UK. Considerable progress has been made particularly in the simulation of knitting yarn and plain knit fabric. In recent times the team has tackled the problem of simulating mixture coloured yarns sometimes called melange. This has necessitated a more complicated model of yarn structure based on queuing theory which is outlined at the end of the paper. References are provided for readers who wish to learn more of the various theories and models that have been used throughout the course of this project.
System overview of the Application System/ 400 (1989)

This paper describes IBM's recently available generalpurpose midrange computers-the Application System/400™, the basic intentions of the product, the significant factors setting forth system requirements, the primary design themes incorporated in the implementation of those requirements, and a description of some of the key system components. However, the paper is not intended to provide a complete system description.
GrAMME: Semisupervised Learning Using Multilayered Graph Attention Models (2019)

Modern data analysis pipelines are becoming increasingly complex due to the presence of multiview information sources. While graphs are effective in modeling complex relationships, in many scenarios, a single graph is rarely sufficient to succinctly represent all interactions, and hence, multilayered graphs have become popular. Though this leads to richer representations, extending solutions from the single-graph case is not straightforward. Consequently, there is a strong need for novel solutions to solve classical problems, such as node classification, in the multilayered case. In this article, we consider the problem of semisupervised learning with multilayered graphs. Though deep network embeddings, e.g., DeepWalk, are widely adopted for community discovery, we argue that feature learning with random node attributes, using graph neural networks, can be more effective. To this end, we propose to use attention models for effective feature learning and develop two novel architectures, GrAMME-SG and GrAMME-Fusion, that exploit the interlayer dependences for building multilayered graph embeddings. Using empirical studies on several benchmark data sets, we evaluate the proposed approaches and demonstrate significant performance improvements in comparison with the state-of-the-art network embedding strategies. The results also show that using simple random features is an effective choice, even in cases where explicit node attributes are not available.
Adaptive Mesh Refinement for One-Dimensional Three-Phase Flow with Phase Change in Porous Media (2006)

This article presents a detailed analysis of the implementation of the adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) technique to one-dimensional three-phase flows in heterogeneous porous media, including phase change. Since this is a particularly complex, highly nonlinear problem, many difficulties had to be resolved. A specific refining procedure and refinement criterion are proposed to deal with discontinuous saturations across interfaces between different rock types. In addition, we propose an alternative numerical algorithm to avoid difficulties in applying previous multilevel or multigrid algorithms to advance the solution on the AMR grids. Numerical examples, focused on steam injection modeling, show that the AMR technique is fast and has good accuracy.
Choline deficiency induces apoptosis in SV40-immortalized CWSV-1 rat hepatocytes in culture (2022)

Immortalized CWSV-1 rat hepatocytes, in which p53 protein is inactivated by SV40 large T antigen, had increased numbers of cells with strand breaks in genomic DNA (terminal dUTP end labeling) when grown in 0 μM choline (67-73% of cells) than when grown in 70 μM choline (2-3% of cells). Internucleosomal fragmentation of DNA (DNA ladders) was detected in cells grown with 5 μM and 0 μM choline for 72 h. Cells treated with 0 or 5 μM choline for 72 h detached from the substrate in high numbers (58% of choline deficient cells vs. 1.4% of choline sufficient cells detached) exhibited a high incidence of apoptosis (apoptotic bodies were seen in 55-75% of cells; 67-73% had DNA strand breaks), and an absence of mitosis and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression. Cells undergoing DNA fragmentation had functioning mitochondria. At 24 h, cells grown in 0 or 5 μM choline synthesized DNA more rapidly than those grownin 70 μM choline. By 72 h, the cells grown in 0 or 5 μM choline were forming DNA much more slowly than control cells (assessed by thymidine incorporation, PCNA expression, and mitotic index). Western blot analysis showed that p53 in the nucleus of cells was detected in direct association with SV40 T-antigen, and was therefore likely to be inactive. We conclude that choline deficiency kills CWSV-1 hepatocytes in culture by inducing apoptosis via what may be a p53-independent process, and that this process begins in viable cells before they detach from the culture dish.
Tunable Nano-photonic Devices (2016)

For high speed photonic systems and networks, encoding electronic signal onto optical carrier requires electro-optic modulators in which electromagnetic fields of the optical carrier can be manipulated electronically. The central focus of this research is twofold. First, tunable properties and tuning mechanisms of different optical materials like Graphene, Vanadium di-oxide, and Indium Tin Oxide are characterized systematically in telecommunication wavelength region. Then, these materials are implemented to design novel nano-photonic devices such as electrooptic modulators and tunable couplers with high efficiency and miniature footprint suitable for photonic integration. Specifically, we experimentally investigated the complex index of graphene in near infrared wavelength through the reflectivity measurement on a SiO2/Si substrate. The measured change of reflectivity as the function of applied gate voltage is highly correlated with theoretical modeling based on the Kubo formula. Based on a fiber-optic pump-probe setup we demonstrated that short optical pulses can be translated from pump wavelength to probe wavelength through dielectric-to-metal phase transition of vanadium di-oxide. In this process, pump leading edge induced optical phase modulation on the probe is converted into an intensity modulation through an optical frequency discriminator. We also theoretically modeled the permittivity of Indium Tin-Oxide with different level of doping concentration in near infrared region. We proposed an ultra-compact electro-optic modulator based on switching plasmonic resonance “ON” and “OFF” of ITO-on-graphene via tuning of graphene chemical potential through electrical gating. The plasmonic resonance of ITO-on-graphene significantly enhances the electromagnetic field interaction with graphene which allows the reduction of modulator size compare to graphene based modulators without ITO. We presented a scheme of modeiv multiplexed near infrared modulator by tuning of ITO permittivity as the function of carrier density through externally applied voltage. The wisely patterned ITO on top of an SOI ridge waveguide portrayed the independent modulation of two orthogonal modes simultaneously, which enhances functionality per area for on-chip photonic applications. We proposed a theoretical model of tunable anisotropic metamaterial composed of periodic layers of graphene and Hafnium Oxide where transversal permittivity can be tuned via changing the chemical potential of graphene. A novel metamaterial assisted tunable photonic coupler is designed by inserting the proposed artificial tunable metamaterial in the coupling region of a parallel waveguide coupler. The coupling efficiency can be tuned by changing the permittivity of metamaterial through external electrical gating.
Reduced Root Cortical Cell File Number Improves Drought Tolerance in Maize (2014)

We tested the hypothesis that reduced root cortical cell file number (CCFN) would improve drought tolerance in maize (Zea mays) by reducing the metabolic costs of soil exploration. Maize genotypes with contrasting CCFN were grown under well-watered and water-stressed conditions in greenhouse mesocosms and in the field in the United States and Malawi. CCFN ranged from six to 19 among maize genotypes. In mesocosms, reduced CCFN was correlated with 57% reduction of root respiration per unit of root length. Under water stress in the mesocosms, genotypes with reduced CCFN had between 15% and 60% deeper rooting, 78% greater stomatal conductance, 36% greater leaf CO2 assimilation, and between 52% to 139% greater shoot biomass than genotypes with many cell files. Under water stress in the field, genotypes with reduced CCFN had between 33% and 40% deeper rooting, 28% lighter stem water oxygen isotope enrichment (δ(18)O) signature signifying deeper water capture, between 10% and 35% greater leaf relative water content, between 35% and 70% greater shoot biomass at flowering, and between 33% and 114% greater yield than genotypes with many cell files. These results support the hypothesis that reduced CCFN improves drought tolerance by reducing the metabolic costs of soil exploration, enabling deeper soil exploration, greater water acquisition, and improved growth and yield under water stress. The large genetic variation for CCFN in maize germplasm suggests that CCFN merits attention as a breeding target to improve the drought tolerance of maize and possibly other cereal crops.
Heterologous Expression and Characterization of Endoglucanase I (EGI) from<i>Trichoderma viride</i>HK-75 (1999)

Endoglucanase I (EGI) secreted from Trichoderma viride HK-75 has a unique transglycosylation activity. The genomic and cDNA clones encoding EGI (egl1) of T. viride HK-75 were isolated and characterized. The coding region of egl1, composed of 1392 bp, was found to encode a polypeptide of 464 amino acids that has extensive similarity (93.8%) with EGI of T. reesei. Expression of the egl1 gene in E. coli as a fusion protein (with N-terminal thioredoxin and C-terminal histidine tag) led to a large production of a nonglycosylated protein of 62.5 kDa. However, it formed an insoluble inclusion body. Upon denaturation with 8 M urea followed by dialysis and successive purification, the enzymatically active recombinant EGI (rEGI) was obtained at a level as high as 18.3 mg/l of 1,000 ml of culture. The rEGI had 67.8% activity for carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), compared to native EGI (nEGI). The optimum pH and optimum temperature of rEGI were lower than those of nEGI by 0.5 and 5 degrees C, respectively. The rEGI also had narrower CMCase ranges than nEGI in pH and temperature stabilities. However, the catalytic and transglycosylation abilities against cellotriose of rEGI were comparable to those of nEGI. These results suggest that the glycosylation is important for the stabilities of EGI but not critical for the essential enzymatic capacity.
Comparison of Event Choreography and Orchestration Techniques in Microservice Architecture (2018)

Microservice Architecture (MSA) is an architectural design pattern which was introduced to solve the challenges involved in achieving the horizontal scalability, high availability, modularity and infrastructure agility for the traditional monolithic applications. Though MSA comes with a large set of benefits, it is challenging to design isolated services using independent Database per Service pattern. We observed that with each micro service having its own database, when transactions span across multiple services, it becomes challenging to ensure data consistency across databases, particularly in case of roll backs. In case of monolithic applications using RDBMS databases, these distributed transactions and roll backs can be handled efficiently using 2 phase commit techniques. These techniques cannot be applied for isolated No-SQL databases in micro services. This research paper aims to address three things: 1) elucidate the challenges with distributed transactions and rollbacks in isolated No-SQL databases with dependent collections in MSA, 2) examine the application of event choreography and orchestration techniques for the Saga pattern implementation, and 3) present the fact-based recommendations on the saga pattern implementations for the use cases.
Fibrin(ogen)-α<sub>M</sub>β<sub>2</sub>Interactions Regulate Leukocyte Function and Innate Immunity In Vivo (2004)

In addition to its well-characterized role in hemostasis, fibrin(ogen) has been proposed to be a central regulator of the inflammatory response. Multiple in vitro studies have demonstrated that this hemostatic factor can alter leukocyte function, including cell adhesion, migration, cytokine and chemokine expression, degranulation, and other specialized processes. One important link between fibrin(ogen) and leukocyte biology appears to be the integrin receptor alpha(M)beta(2)/Mac-1, which binds to immobilized fibrin(ogen) and regulates leukocyte activities. Although it is well established that fibrin(ogen) is a ligand for alpha(M)beta(2), the precise molecular determinants that govern this interaction are only now becoming clear. A novel line of mice expressing a mutant form of fibrinogen (Fib gamma(390-396A)) has revealed that gamma chain residues 390-396 are important for the high-affinity engagement of fibrinogen by alpha(M)beta(2) and leukocyte function in vivo. Fibrinogen gamma(390-396A) failed to support alpha(M)beta(2)-mediated adhesion of primary neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages, and mice expressing this fibrinogen variant were found to exhibit a major defect in the host inflammatory response following acute challenges. Most notably, Fib gamma(390-396A) mice display a profound impediment in Staphylococcus aureus elimination by leukocytes following intraperitoneal inoculation. These findings have positively established the physiological importance of fibrin(ogen) as a ligand for alpha(M)beta(2) and illustrate that the fibrin(ogen) gamma chain residues 390-396 constitute a critical feature of the alpha(M)beta(2) binding motif. Finally, the Fib gamma(390-396A) mice represent a valuable system for better defining the contribution of fibrin(ogen) to the inflammatory response in the absence of any confounding alteration in clotting function.
People Counting In Transport Vehicles (2007)

Counting people from a video stream in a noisy environment is a challenging task. This project aims at developing a counting system for transport vehicles, integrated in a video surveillance product. This article presents a method for the detection and tracking of multiple faces in a video by using a model of first and second order local moments. An iterative process is used to estimate the position and shape of multiple faces in images, and to track them. the trajectories are then processed to count people entering and leaving the vehicle.
Specific GABA <sub>A</sub> Circuits for Visual Cortical Plasticity (2004)

Weak inhibition within visual cortex early in life prevents experience-dependent plasticity. Loss of responsiveness to an eye deprived of vision can be initiated prematurely by enhancing gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated transmission with benzodiazepines. Here, we use a mouse "knockin" mutation to alpha subunits that renders individual GABA type A (GABA(A)) receptors insensitive to diazepam to show that a particular inhibitory network controls expression of the critical period. Only alpha1-containing circuits were found to drive cortical plasticity, whereas alpha2-enriched connections separately regulated neuronal firing. This dissociation carries implications for models of brain development and the safe design of benzodiazepines for use in infants.
The race is on for antibodies that stop the new coronavirus (2020)

Mass-produced immune proteins may outpace a vaccine.
Preparation of the gene targeted knockout mice for human premature aging diseases, Werner syndrome, and Rothmund-Thomson syndrome caused by the mutation of DNA helicases. (2002)

The list of human RecQ helicase comprises RecQ1, BLM (Bloom syndrome), WRN (Werner syndrome), RTS (Rothmund-Thomson syndrome), and RecQ5. Of these, the defective BLM, WRN, and RTS helicases are responsible for distinct but overlapping clinical features suggesting premature aging and an enhanced risk of cancer, which apparently stems from chromosomal instability in the cells of tissues and organs where expression of the helicase genes are specified. In an effort to obtain an animal model for these diseases, we performed gene target experiments to generate the WRN and RTS knockout mice.
Surface Folds Make Tears and Chips (2012)

Fluidlike folding instabilities of solid surfaces complicate the machining of metals to perfection
Present Production Situation and Development of PC Wire in China (1999)

The present situation, the application and the development trend of PC wire in China are analysed, and some suggestions of utilization in the future are put forward.
Bacterial Secretion Systems with an Emphasis on the Chlamydial Type III Secretion System (2010)

Numerous bacterial proteins exert their function outside the prokaryotic cell. To this end, both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria have evolved specialized mechanisms to transport their proteins to the bacterial supernatant or host cell cytoplasm, so called secretion systems. These different strategies will be briefly discussed, followed by an in depth description of the Type III secretion system, an efficient molecular syringe assisting Gram-negative bacteria in entrance, growth and survival in eukaryotic host cells. Topics addressed include classification and role of multiple Type III secretion systems, the mechanism of protein translocation into the host cell as well as substrate recognition and chaperoning. Chlamydiales have also been found to encode a Type III secretion system and associated effector proteins. In contrast to the genetic organization in other bacteria, the encoding genes are scattered throughout the genome. To date, no structural information is available on the chlamydial Type III secretion system. We therefore propose a model of the chlamydial Type III secretion system and summarize current knowledge on the role of Type III secretion in the different stages of the chlamydial developmental cycle.
Physical origins of input filter oscillations in current programmed converters (1992)

Addition of an input filter to a current-programmed converter can cause the controller to oscillate. Two instability mechanisms can typically occur: (1) the current programmed controller effective current feedback loop may become unstable, or (2) the controller effective input voltage feedforward loop, which becomes a positive feedback loop when an input filter is added, may oscillate. Three design criteria for preventing oscillations are derived and interpreted. When all three criteria are well satisfied, then the output voltage regulation loop gain is unchanged. Hence, input filters of current programmed converters can be designed in essentially the same manner as for duty-ratio programmed converters. Results are summarized in tabular form for the basic buck, boost, and buck-boost converters. Experimental measurements for a buck converter with different input filters support the theoretical predictions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Fluorovinylsalicylic Acids and Their Derivatives. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
TLC mesh column chromatography (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTLC mesh column chromatographyDouglass F. TaberCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 7, 1351–1352Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00346a039https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00346a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1265Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Emergent colloidal dynamics in electromagnetic fields (2013)

We present a current review of the collective dynamics that can arise in colloidal systems subjected to electromagnetic fields. The focus is on phenomena that are not simply understandable purely from a dipolar model, but instead emerge from the collective behavior of many discrete interacting components driven out of equilibrium by external forces. We examine in particular the fascinating diversity of large-scale dynamical structures that arise due to the interplay between the induced interactions, time-dependent energy injection, and coupling with the fluid flow.
Combining One-Class Support Vector Machines And Hysteresis Thresholding: Application To Burnt Area Mapping (2008)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2008
Differential Interaction with and Regulation of Multiple G-proteins by the Rat A3 Adenosine Receptor (1995)

Interaction of the rat A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) with G-proteins has been assessed using a stably transfected Chinese hamster ovary cell system. The non-selective AR agonist 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA) increased the labeling of a 41-kDa membrane protein by 4-azidoanilido-[alpha-32P]guanosine 5'-triphosphate (AA-[32P]GTP), a photolabile GTP analogue. Subsequent immunoprecipitation of Gi alpha-subunits indicated that NECA stimulated incorporation of label into both Gi alpha-2 and Gi alpha-3. Additional experiments revealed an A3AR stimulation of label into Gq and/or G11 alpha-subunits, albeit to a lesser degree than that elicited by endogenous P2U purinergic receptors. No interaction with Gs could be detected. Sustained cellular exposure to NECA induced A3AR desensitization and specific down-regulation of Gi alpha-3 and G-protein beta-subunits without changing levels of Gi alpha-2, Gs alpha, or Gq+11 alpha-subunits. Therefore the A3AR can interact with Gi alpha-2, Gi alpha-3, and, to some extent, Gq-like proteins, but sustained agonist exposure down-regulates only one of the G-proteins with which it interacts. This is the first description of the differing specificities of A3AR/G-protein coupling versus down-regulation in situ and provides a potential mechanism by which the A3AR could elicit the heterologous desensitization of signaling events mediated by Gi3.