gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Aberrantly glycosylated IgA1 in IgA nephropathy patients is recognized by IgG antibodies with restricted heterogeneity (2009)

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is characterized by circulating immune complexes composed of galactose-deficient IgA1 and a glycan-specific IgG antibody. These immune complexes deposit in the glomerular mesangium and induce the mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis characteristic of IgAN. To define the precise specificities and molecular properties of the IgG antibodies, we generated EBV-immortalized IgG-secreting lymphocytes from patients with IgAN and found that the secreted IgG formed complexes with galactose-deficient IgA1 in a glycan-dependent manner. We cloned and sequenced the heavy- and light-chain antigen-binding domains of IgG specific for galactose-deficient IgA1 and identified an A to S substitution in the complementarity-determining region 3 of the variable region of the gene encoding the IgG heavy chain in IgAN patients. Furthermore, site-directed mutagenesis that reverted the residue to alanine reduced the binding of recombinant IgG to galactose-deficient IgA1. Finally, we developed a dot-blot assay for the glycan-specific IgG antibody that differentiated patients with IgAN from healthy and disease controls with 88% specificity and 95% sensitivity and found that elevated levels of this antibody in the sera of patients with IgAN correlated with proteinuria. Collectively, these findings indicate that glycan-specific antibodies are associated with the development of IgAN and may represent a disease-specific marker and potential therapeutic target.
A Novel Method of Solving Linear Programs with an Analog Circuit (2013)

We present the design of an analog circuit which solves linear programming (LP) problems. In particular, the steady-state circuit voltages are the components of the LP optimal solution. The paper shows how to construct the circuit and provides a proof of equivalence between the circuit and the LP problem. The proposed method is used to implement a LP-based Model Predictive Controller by using an analog circuit. Simulative and experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
A neural-net based fuzzy admission controller for an ATM network (2002)

This paper proposes a neural fuzzy connection admission control (NFCAC) scheme, which combines benefits of fuzzy logic controller and learning abilities of the neural-net, to solve the connection admission control (CAC) problems in ATM networks. Fuzzy logic systems have been successfully applied to deal with the traffic control related problems and provided a robust mathematical framework for dealing with "real-world" imprecision; multilayer neural networks are capable of producing complex decisions with arbitrarily nonlinear boundaries and they have been used as a solution for CAC. However, the application of a neural network or a fuzzy logic system to CAC presents some difficulties in a real system operation. The proposed NFCAC solves the difficulties by combining the benefits of the existing traffic control mechanisms, linguistic control strategy of the fuzzy logic controller and the learning ability of the neural net. Simulation results show that the proposed NFCAC saves a large amount of training time and simplifies the design procedure of a CAC controller but provides a superior system utilization, while keeping the QoS contract, than either the neural network or fuzzy logic system does.
Cationic Liposomes as In Vivo Delivery Vehicles (2003)

Optimization of cationic liposomal complexes for in vivo applications is complex involving many diverse components. These components include nucleic acid purification, plasmid design, formulation of the delivery vehicle, administration route and schedule, dosing, detection of gene expression, and others. This review will primarily focus on optimization of the delivery vehicle formulation. These formulation issues include morphology of the complexes, lipids used, flexibility versus rigidity, colloidal suspension, overall charge, serum stability, half-life in circulation, biodistribution, delivery to and dissemination throughout target tissues. Optimizing all components of the delivery system will allow broad use of liposomal complexes to treat or cure human diseases or disorders.
Characterization of Solid Liquid Suspensions Utilizing Ultrasonic Measurements (2003)

Rapid, on‐line determination of particle size and concentration is required for the efficient process measurement and control of many processes in government and industrial applications such as waste remediation for the Department of Energy sites and process control for chemical and pharmaceutical manufacturing. However, existing methods based on ultrasonic attenuation can become inaccurate for highly concentrated suspensions due to careful transducer alignment and the complicated mathematics required to describe multiple scattering, which controls the attenuation. Two measurements that help to overcome these difficulties are the ultrasonic backscattering and diffuse field. Backscattering is attractive because the single scattering theories typically used to describe backscattering are mathematically simpler than attenuation theories and lend themselves to more stable inversion processes. Also, the measurements of backscattering and diffuse fields do not require long travel distances and can be made with a single transducer thus eliminating alignment problems. We will present ultrasonic measurements on solid liquid suspensions designed to elucidate the particle size and concentration at high concentrations.
Kerr-based wavelength conversion over more than 30 nm (2002)

A new interferometric scheme for all-fiber Kerr-based wavelength conversion allows bit-rate transparency, large tunability and high insensitivity to environmental noise too. Tunable conversion measurements at 2.5 Gbit/s over more than 30 nm are presented.
Deep Aquifer Remediation Tools (DARTs): A new technology for ground-water remediation (1999)

Potable ground-water supplies throughout the world are contaminated or threatened by advancing plumes containing radionuclides, metals, and organic compounds. Currently (1999), the most widely used method of ground-water remediation is a combination of extraction, ex-situ treatment, and discharge of the treated water, commonly known as pump and treat. Pump-and-treat methods are costly and often ineffective in meeting long-term protection standards (Travis and Doty, 1990; Gillham and Burris, 1992; National Research Council, 1994). This fact sheet describes a new and potentially cost-effective technology for removal of organic and inorganic contaminants from ground water. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is currently exploring the possibilities of obtaining a U.S. Patent for this technology.
Method for simulating dynamic incompressible fluids using particle based spatial discretization and mass density constraints (2009)

Disclosed is a method of simulating dynamic fluids comprising a set of pseudo particles usedto represent physical quantities of the fluid, a fluid density computed from a weightedaverage over the p ...
Development of plasma bolometers using fiber-optic temperature sensors (2016)

Measurements of radiated power in magnetically confined plasmas are important for exhaust studies in present experiments and expected to be a critical diagnostic for future fusion reactors. Resistive bolometer sensors have long been utilized in tokamaks and helical devices but suffer from electromagnetic interference (EMI). Results are shown from initial testing of a new bolometer concept based on fiber-optic temperature sensor technology. A small, 80 μm diameter, 200 μm long silicon pillar attached to the end of a single mode fiber-optic cable acts as a Fabry-Pérot cavity when broadband light, λ<sub>o</sub> ∼ 1550 nm, is transmitted along the fiber. Changes in temperature alter the optical path length of the cavity primarily through the thermo-optic effect, resulting in a shift of fringes reflected from the pillar detected using an I-MON 512 OEM spectrometer. While initially designed for use in liquids, this sensor has ideal properties for use as a plasma bolometer: a time constant, in air, of ∼150 ms, strong absorption in the spectral range of plasma emission, immunity to local EMI, and the ability to measure changes in temperature remotely. Its compact design offers unique opportunities for integration into the vacuum environment in places unsuitable for a resistive bolometer. Using a variable focus 5 mW, 405 nm, modulating laser, the signal to noise ratio versus power density of various bolometer technologies are directly compared, estimating the noise equivalent power density (NEPD). Present tests show the fiber-optic bolometer to have NEPD of 5-10 W/m<sup>2</sup> when compared to those of the resistive bolometer which can achieve <0.5 W/m<sup>2</sup> in the laboratory, but this can degrade to 1-2 W/m<sup>2</sup> or worse when installed on a tokamak. Concepts are discussed to improve the signal to noise ratio of this new fiber-optic bolometer by reducing the pillar height and adding thin metallic coatings, along with improving the spectral resolution of the interrogator.
Room temperature local synthesis of carbon nanotubes (2004)

We report the synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNT) by localized resistive heating of a MEMS structure in a room temperature chamber. This is the first known vapor-deposition CNT growth method that does not require globally elevated temperatures. The localized, selective, and scalable process is compatible with on-chip microelectronics and removes necessity of post-synthesis assembly of nanostructures to form integrated devices. Synthesized nanotube dimensions are 5-50 nm in diameter and up to 7 /spl mu/m in length. Growth rates of up to 0.25 /spl mu/m/min were observed. This accomplishment makes possible the direct integration of CNT devices with on-chip transduction, readout, processing, and communications circuitry, facilitating integration of nanotechnology with larger-scale systems.
Use of Optogenetic Approaches to Control Intracellular Signaling of G Protein-Coupled Receptors (2013)

The tractability of light-activated receptors makes them attractive tools by which to study the brain. They allow for the noninvasive and specific control of neuronal signaling and could allow for the study of receptor pathways that occur faster than the rate of diffusion. Furthermore, with the aid of implantable light devices, light-activated receptors have the potential for use in live animals and later in humans to control and cure G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) pathways involved in diseases. We will summarize here the latest developments for controlling intracellular signaling pathways by light-activated GPCRs and enzymes.
Systems for creation of laser-induced damage images and problems of their optimization (2000)

Creation of laser-induced damage imags inside transparent materials is one of the technical and art applications of laser induced damage phenomena. The purpose of the paper is to present the laser induced damage image technology and to discus problems of the optimization of the system producing the images. At the beginning a brief historical overview and patent situation are presented. An exemplary block-diagram of laser etching system for simultaneous production of several images inside several articles is shown and some peculiarities due to specific formation of laser induced micro-damages are discussed. Several methods for generating 3D images and portraits allowing reproduction of them within an optically transparent materials with the same resolution like computer processed images, without sharp to point structure and without significant fluctuations of gray shades are disclosed. Technique of image reproduction without undesirable regular arrangement of etch points is presented.
Approaches for Improving Protein Production in Multiple Protease-Deficient Bacillus subtilis Host Strains (2012)

Approaches for Improving Protein Production in Multiple Protease-Deficient Bacillus subtilis Host Strains
Composition and functional properties of cholesterol reduced egg yolk (1997)

The composition and functional properties of cholesterol reduced egg yolk (CREY) were compared to those of control egg yolk (EY). The CREY was prepared by absorbing cholesterol with beta-cyclodextrin after dilution and dissociation of granules at pH 10.5. The CREY contained less lipid and protein and more carbohydrate and ash than EY. Egg lipids were fractionated into triglycerides, cholesterol esters, free cholesterol, phosphatidyl choline, and phosphatidyl ethanolamine. Free and esterified cholesterol in CREY were reduced by 91.6 and 94.4%, respectively. Triglycerides were the major lipid class in CREY. The CREY contained more oleic acid and less linoleic acid than the control. Protein solubility in 0.1 and 0.6 M NaCl and sponge cake volume did not differ. The composition of proteins soluble in 0.6 M NaCl in both egg preparations were similar as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The electrophoretic profiles of proteins soluble in 0.1 M NaCl were similar, except that lipovitellin form EY was insoluble under these conditions. The CREY was less yellow than EY, as indicated by beta-carotene concentrations and Hunter b values. These results suggest that beta-cyclodextrin can be used to produce a low cholesterol egg product with compositional and functional properties similar to EY.
Precoder design for physical layer multicasting (2012)

This paper studies the design of linear precoders via instantaneous rate maximization over a K-user multicast channel, wherein multiple antennas are present at the transmitter as well as at all the receivers. We first consider the scenario wherein the linear precoder can be any complex valued matrix subject to rank and power constraints. Recognizing the resulting optimization problem to be NP-hard, we propose a cyclic alternating ascent based algorithm and establish its convergence to a stationary point. Simulation results reveal that our proposed algorithm considerably outperforms known competing solutions. We then consider a scenario in which the linear precoder can be formed by selecting and concatenating codewords from a finite codebook of precoding matrices, subject to rank and power constraints. We show that under this scenario, the instantaneous rate maximization problem is equivalent to a robust submodular maximization problem which is strongly NP-hard. We then propose a deterministic approximation algorithm and show that it yields a bicriteria approximation.
Enhanced efficiency in high-brightness fluorescent organic light emitting diodes through triplet management (2011)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Yifan Zhang, Michael Slootsky, Stephen R. Forrest; Enhanced efficiency in high-brightness fluorescent organic light emitting diodes through triplet management. Appl. Phys. Lett. 28 November 2011; 99 (22): 223303. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3664771 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioApplied Physics Letters Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Chrominance watermark for mobile applications (2010)

Creating an imperceptible watermark which can be read by a broad range of cell phone cameras is a difficult problem. The problems are caused by the inherently low resolution and noise levels of typical cell phone cameras. The quality limitations of these devices compared to a typical digital camera are caused by the small size of the cell phone and cost trade-offs made by the manufacturer. In order to achieve this, a low resolution watermark is required which can be resolved by a typical cell phone camera. The visibility of a traditional luminance watermark was too great at this lower resolution, so a chrominance watermark was developed. The chrominance watermark takes advantage of the relatively low sensitivity of the human visual system to chrominance changes. This enables a chrominance watermark to be inserted into an image which is imperceptible to the human eye but can be read using a typical cell phone camera. Sample images will be presented showing images with a very low visibility which can be easily read by a typical cell phone camera.
Stiffness and Strength Properties for Basic Sandwich Material Core Types (1999)

Abstract Three basic core material types for sandwich structure applications are studied. The three two-dimensional pattern types are: honeycomb, triangular cells, and a new configuration involving star type cells. The specific critical properties of stiffness and strength type are identified and studied, both theoretically and experimentally.
Elastomeric substrates with embedded stiff platforms for stretchable electronics (2013)

Stretchable electronics typically integrate hard, functional materials on soft substrates. Here we report on engineered elastomeric substrates designed to host stretchable circuitry. Regions of a stiff material, patterned using photolithography, are embedded within a soft elastomer leaving a smooth surface. We present the associated design rules to produce stretchable circuits based on experimental as well as modeling data. We demonstrate our approach with thin-film electronic materials. The “customized” elastomeric substrates may also be used as a generic elastic substrate for stretchable circuits prepared with alternative technologies, such as transfer-printing of inorganic, thinned devices.
Design and assessment of a novel SPECT system for desktop open-gantry imaging of small animals: A simulation study (2016)

The PERSPECT, using a novel imaging protocol, can achieve comparable image quality performance in comparison with a conventional pinhole SPECT with the same configuration. The dedicated FABCP algorithm, which was developed for reconstruction of data from the PERSPECT system, can produce high quality images for small-animal imaging via accurate modeling of the system as incorporated in the forward- and back-projection steps. Meanwhile, the developed MC model and the analytical simulator of the system can be applied for further studies on development and evaluation of the system.
Bioluminescence Tomography With A PDE-Constrained Algorithm Based On The Equation Of Radiative Transfer (2012)

We present the first bioluminescence tomography algorithm that makes use of the PDE-constrained concept, which has shown to lead to significant savings in computation times in similar applications. Implementing a sequential quadratic programming (SQP) method, we solve the forward and inverse problems simultaneously. Using numerical results we show that the PDE-constrained SQP approach leads to ~10 fold increase in convergence when compared to a standard unconstrained method.
Synthesis of 3,4-Diphenyl-Substituted Poly(Thienylene Vinylene), Low-Band-Gap Polymers via the Dithiocarbamate Route (2004)

It has been demonstrated that the dithiocarbamate precursor route is a suitable pathway towards poly(thienylene vinylene) (PTV)-type low-band-gap polymers. Two particular dithiocarbamate precursor polymers and the corresponding conjugated polymers, poly(3,4-diphenyl-2,5-thienylene vinylene) and poly(3,4-bis(4-butylphenyl)-2,5-thienylene vinylene), have been studied. The introduction of butyl side chains in the latter leads to excellent solubility in common organic solvents. Both polymers have been prepared in a straightforward manner and in good yield. The thermal conversion of the precursor polymers into the conjugated structure was studied with in situ FT-IR and UV−vis spectroscopy. Also, with the latter technique, the band gap was determined and the thermochromic effect was studied and compared with the unsubstituted PTV. The HOMO and LUMO levels of the polymers were determined from UV−vis and electrochemical measurements.
A coarse-grain phased logic CPU (2003)

A five-stage pipelined CPU based on the MIPs ISA is mapped to a self-timed implementation scheme known as Phased Logic (PL). The mapping is performed automatically from a netlist of D-Flip-Flops and 4-input Lookup Tables (LUT4s) to a netlist of PL blocks. Each PL block is composed of control logic wrapped around a collection of DFFs and LUT4s to form a multi-input/output PL gate. PL offers a speedup technique known as early evaluation that can be used to boost performance at the cost of additional logic within each block. In addition to early evaluation, this implementation uses bypass paths in the ALU for shift and logical instructions and buffering stages for increased dataflow to further improve performance. Additional speedup is gained by reordering instructions to provide more opportunity for early evaluation. Simulation results show an average speedup of 41% compared to the clocked netlist over a suite of five benchmark programs.
A Systematic Method for Gain Selection of Robust PID Control for Nonlinear Plants of Second-Order Controller Canonical Form (2008)

A systematic method to select gains of a discrete proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller is presented. The PID controller with the gains obtained by the proposed method can robustly control nonlinear multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) plants in a second-order controller canonical form, such as robot dynamics. This method has been made possible by the finding that the discrete PID control is equivalent to the discrete form of time-delay control (TDC), a robust control method for nonlinear plants with uncertainty. By using this equivalence relationships are obtained between PID gains and parameters of TDC, which enable a systematic method for the select PID gains. In addition, based on the systematic method, a simple and effective method is proposed to tune PID gains applicable to nonlinear plants with inaccurate models. This method incorporates a set of independent tuning parameters that is far less than those for conventional methods for PID gain selection. The usefulness of the proposed methods is verified through the ease and simplicity of determining PID gains for six degrees-of-freedom (DOF) programmable universal machine for assembly (PUMA)-type robot manipulator; the effectiveness of these PID gains is confirmed by the adequate and robust performance through experimentation on the robot.
Standoff ultracompact micro-Raman sensor for planetary surface explorations (2017)

We report the development of an innovative standoff ultracompact micro-Raman instrument that would solve some of the limitations of traditional micro-Raman systems to provide a superior instrument for future NASA missions. This active remote sensor system, based on a 532 nm laser and a miniature spectrometer, is capable of inspection and identification of minerals, organics, and biogenic materials within several centimeters (2-20 cm) at a high 10 μm resolution. The sensor system is based on inelastic (Raman) light scattering and laser-induced fluorescence. We report on micro-Raman spectroscopy development and demonstration of the standoff Raman measurements by acquiring Raman spectra in daylight at a 10 cm target distance with a small line-shaped laser spot size of 17.3 μm (width) by 5 mm (height).