gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Most favorable camera configuration for a shape-from-silhouette markerless motion capture system for biomechanical analysis (2005)

The most common methods for accurate capture of three-dimensional human motion require a laboratory environment and the attachment of markers or fixtures to the body segments. These laboratory conditions can cause unknown experimental artifacts. Thus our understanding of normal and pathological human movement would be enhanced by a method that allows capture of human movement without the constraint of markers or fixtures placed on the body. Markerless methods are not widely available because the accurate capture of human movement without markers is technically challenging. A reported method of constructing a body's visual hull using shape-from-silhouette (SFS) offers an attractive approach. However, to date the influence of camera placement and number of cameras on construction of visual hulls for biomechanical analysis is largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of SFS construction of a human form for biomechanical analysis dependent on camera placement and number of cameras. Visual hull construction was sensitive to camera placement and the subject's pose. Uniform camera distributions such as circular and hemispherical camera arrangements provided most favorable results. Setups with less than 8 cameras yielded largely inaccurate visual hull constructions and great fluctuations for different poses and positions across a viewing volume, while setups with 16 and more cameras provided good volume estimations and consistent results for different poses and positions across the viewing volume.
Reduction of Transmission Error Propagation in Adaptively Predicted, DPCM Encoded Pictures (1979)

A new technique for reducing transmission error propagation in adaptively predicted, dpcm-encoded pictures is described. The basis for the technique is a generalization of the notion of predictor output attenuation, described by Graham, to include attenuation of the adaptive prediction junction. Simulation results are presented that show that application of the technique to Graham's codec results in significant reduction in error propagation without degradation of picture quality. The technique requires no increase in transmission rate.
Computational Integral Imaging Reconstruction via Elemental Image Blending without Normalization (2023)

This paper presents a novel computational integral imaging reconstruction (CIIR) method using elemental image blending to eliminate the normalization process in CIIR. Normalization is commonly used in CIIR to address uneven overlapping artifacts. By incorporating elemental image blending, we remove the normalization step in CIIR, leading to decreased memory consumption and computational time compared to those of existing techniques. We conducted a theoretical analysis of the impact of elemental image blending on a CIIR method using windowing techniques, and the results showed that the proposed method is superior to the standard CIIR method in terms of image quality. We also performed computer simulations and optical experiments to evaluate the proposed method. The experimental results showed that the proposed method enhances the image quality over that of the standard CIIR method, while also reducing memory usage and processing time.
6-Deoxyacyclovir: a xanthine oxidase-activated prodrug of acyclovir. (1984)

Acyclovir [9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]guanine] is an acyclic guanine nucleoside analogue that is widely used clinically as an antiherpetic agent. Its limited absorption in humans after oral administration prompted the search for prodrugs. A congener, referred to as 6- deoxyacyclovir [2-amino-9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-9H-purine], was synthesized and found to be 18 times more water soluble than was acyclovir. Surprisingly, this congener was readily oxidized to acyclovir by xanthine oxidase (EC 1.2.3.2). It was also oxidized by aldehyde oxidase (EC 1.2.3.1) largely to 8-hydroxy-6- deoxyacyclovir [2-amino-8-hydroxy-9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-9H-purine] and then to 8- hydroxyacyclovir [2-amino-6,8-dihydroxy-9[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-9H-purine]. 6- Deoxyacyclovir and the major products of its oxidation by aldehyde oxidase lacked appreciable activity against herpes simplex type I in vitro. On the basis of these results, it was apparent that the success of 6- deoxyacyclovir as a prodrug in vivo would depend upon how well its desired activation by xanthine oxidase competed with the nonactivating oxidations by aldehyde oxidase. In rats dosed orally with 6- deoxyacyclovir , absorption was extensive and the major urinary metabolite was acyclovir. In two human volunteers, urinary excretions of acyclovir were 5-6 times greater than those typically observed after administration of equivalent doses of acyclovir itself. The areas under the plasma concentration-time curves for acyclovir were also 5-6 times greater. Plasma levels of acyclovir peaked soon after ingestion of the prodrug, indicating rapid absorption and metabolic conversion. These results suggested that 6- deoxyacyclovir might have clinical usefulness as a prodrug of acyclovir suitable for oral administration.
Traveling-wave photodetectors for high-power, large-bandwidth applications (1995)

The traveling-wave photodetectors (TWPD) discussed here offer theoretical quantum efficiencies approaching 100% while maintaining a very large electrical bandwidth. Additionally, they are capable of dissipating the high-power levels required for large dynamic range applications. In this paper, the power dissipation limit of the TWPD is explored. A small-signal steady-state model is developed that includes the effects of electrical propagation losses along the detector. Fabrication details are presented and experimental data shows a 3/spl times/1250 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ detector with a 4.8-GHz bandwidth.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
INTELiCON: Intelligent Connectivity Framework for the Simultaneous Use of Multiple Interfaces (2007)

Widespread deployment of Wi-Fi together with 3G upgrades to cellular networks is rapidly creating areas where multiple wireless IP technologies are accessible. WiMAX will further contribute to this phenomenon. The ability to use diverse access technologies simultaneously creates opportunities to improve application service quality and reliability. In this paper, we present an intelligent connectivity framework (INTELiCON) that allows devices to exploit access diversity in new ways. INTELiCON provides a modular, flexible platform for discovering, selecting, executing and evaluating the most appropriate connectivity strategies. The framework executes connectivity strategies and evaluates their effectiveness while maintaining transparency to the application layer. Furthermore INTELiCON can also dynamically implement new strategies to meet variations in network conditions or application requirements. We present the architectural characteristics of the INTELiCON framework with details of a prototype implementation and show how the framework exploits access diversity to support high-quality streaming video despite limited resources and unreliable links.
ESD Protection Device With Dual-Polarity Conduction and High Blocking Voltage Realized in CMOS Process (2014)

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection devices fabricated in a low-voltage CMOS process for communication interface applications typically provide relatively small blocking voltage, thus limiting the interface operating voltage range for which the ESD device can be used. This letter introduces a CMOS-based silicon controlled rectifier with a large blocking voltage beyond <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${\pm}{\rm 20}~{\rm V}$</tex></formula> and a high trigger current. Such a high blocking voltage is achieved by selectively defining native-buffer regions in critical blocking junctions of the device. Experimental characterization of the ESD robustness and standing operation are presented to validate the new device for low capacitance, high-voltage-tolerant communication interface ESD protection applications.
New rapid diamond synthesis technique; using multiplexed pulsed lasers in laboratory ambients (1997)

QQC, Inc. has developed a revolutionary diamond deposition technique which does not require a vacuum, or H2, or “chemical” or physical pre-treatment of surfaces. The process utilizes a combination of various pulsed lasers and is performed at the laboratory p-t conditions: with CO2 and N2 as shrouding gases. Crystalline diamond films and DLC or, more accurately, tetrahedral non-crystalline carbon (TNC) have been formed on various substrates. On WC cutting tools the rate of deposition of crystalline diamond is approximately 1 μm/sec. In the context of fabricating a diamond coating on a substrate, the entire pre-surface treatment and material synthesis process including a coating regime, is performed in one step.
Detection and tracking of moving vehicles with Gotcha radar systems (2014)

In summary, we have defined an approach for detecting and tracking moving vehicles with Gotcha radar systems. Our approach exploits tracker feedback to address challenges for detection, false alarm mitigation, geolocation, and tracking in an urban surveillance environment. We presented a mathematical framework for processing multichannel SAR data in order to mitigate the combined effects of moving target defocus and strong clutter interference. Our algorithm uses MRP adaptively in a STAP framework to focus up moving vehicles and enhance signal to clutter ratios. Using simulated data, we illustrated SAR defocus of an accelerating point scatterer and mitigation of the defocus using MRP. For this simulated example, we also presented the potential improvements to SINR loss using our adaptive processing compared to more standard STAP approaches.
Effect of Additives on the Electrostatic Force of Alumina Electrostatic Chucks (1992)

Ceramic electrostatic chucks made of alumina ceramics were fabricated. Transition metal oxides (1wt% TiO2, Cr2O3, MnO2, CoO, CuO) were added to control the resistance of the dielectric insulation layer of the chuck. The electrical resistivity and electrostatic force at R. T. -200°C were measured, and it was revealed that the electrostatic force of the chuck depends on the electrical resistance of the ceramic. Among the additives examined, TiO2 was found to be most effective for increasing the adhesion force of the alumina electrostatic chuck.
Initial Decline (Dip) in Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate After Initiation of Dapagliflozin in Patients With Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction: Insights From DAPA-HF (2022)

gov; Unique identifier: NCT03036124.
High Compression Rate and Ratio Using Predefined Huffman Dictionaries (2013)

Current Huffman coding modes are optimal for a single metric: compression ratio (quality) or rate (performance). We recognize that real life data can usually be classified to families of data types and thus the Huffman dictionary can be reused instead of recalculated. In this paper, we show how to balance the trade-off between compression ratio and rate, without modifying existing standards and legacy decompression implementations.
Optimize Brackish Groundwater: Treating RO Brine to Increase Recovery and Reduce Disposal Volume (2009)

The Eastern Municipal Water District in Perris, Calif., recently completed brine treatment studies for the California Department of Water Resources and the US Department of Interior, Bureau of Reclamation. The studies investigated the cost of alternative process treatment trains to recover usable water from primary reverse osmosis (RO) brine and significantly reduce brine volume or achieve complete zero-liquid discharge. The studies included pilot-scale, bench-scale, and desktop evaluations of established and emerging technologies for brine treatment. Chemical softening of primary RO brine followed by a second RO process or electrodialysis reversal (EDR) is an established technology. Emerging technologies investigated included membrane distillation (MD), forward osmosis (FO), and seeded RO. A 50-gpm chemical softening process was operated for six months and provided feedwater to RO and EDR pilot units. MD and FO were tested at bench scale, and seeded RO was operated in a batch pilot plant. Capital and operations and maintenance cost estimates were established for several treatment configurations that also included brine concentration, crystallization, and pond evaporation. The configurations were then compared. Overall, total annual costs for 14 treatment train combinations were generally within about 10 percent of each other. Treatment for removing and recovering salable salt by-products was, however, more costly, probably because of capital costs associated with selective precipitation and washing and processing of salts. Treatment trains that included a third concentration step (the seeded RO process) ahead of thermal mechanical evaporation appeared to have slightly lower overall costs. This is attributed to the reduced size of the thermal evaporation process. Additional work on MD, FO, and seeded RO processes is needed.
Real-time RFID localization using RSS (2013)

New computing paradigms have underscored the need to locate objects in an environment, motivating several object localization approaches targeting competing technologies and specific applications. While RFID technology recently emerged as a viable platform for locating objects, several unresolved key challenges precluded higher performance and wider applicability. We present an RFID-based real-time location system that uses Received Signal Strength (RSS) to better model the distance-decaying behavior of radio signals in an orientation-agnostic manner.We experimentally leverage the proposed robust models to simultaneously locate several stationary and mobile objects tagged with passive tags in a realistically noisy indoor environment, with an average accuracy of 0.6 meters. A more general conclusion of this work is that contrary to common belief, RSS can indeed serve as reliable metric for a variety of select applications, including localization.
Demonstration of ultralow bit error rates for spin-torque magnetic random-access memory with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (2011)

Bit error rates below 10 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{-11}$</tex> </formula> are reported for a 4-kb magnetic random access memory chip, which utilizes spin transfer torque writing on magnetic tunnel junctions with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Tests were performed at wafer level, and error-free operation was achieved with 10 ns write pulses for all nondefective bits during a 66-h test. Yield in the 4-kb array was limited to 99% by the presence of defective cells. Test results for both a 4-kb array and individual devices are consistent and predict practically error-free operation at room temperature.
Coupling of low-order LP modes propagating in cylindrical waveguides into whispering gallery modes in microspheres (2013)

Whispering gallery modes in microspheres are excited by light delivered to them via optical fibers imbedded in a half-block coupler. The corresponding light intensity resonances in microspheres and coupling of two low-order linearly polarized modes in the fibers, LP₀₁ and LP₁₁, into the microspheres are observed. The LP₀₁ and LP₁₁ modes are delivered to the microsphere via a cylindrical optical fiber carrying light at two operating wavelengths, 1550 and 1300 nm correspondingly. The resonances behavioral differences generated by these fiber modes are also observed and explained. The properties of resonances generated by the LP₀₁ and LP₁₁ modes are analyzed using a linear polarizer inserted in the path of light propagating in optical fibers.
REduce: Removing Redundancy from Regular Expression Matching in Network Security (2015)

Regular expressions have become a fixture in network security systems such as Network Intrusion Detection, Spam email filtering, and Antivirus. Unfortunately, regular expressions require considerably more resources in matching over fixed binary or character strings. Much research has focused on improving matching architectures or hardware support to create more efficient regular expression matching. This research, however, investigated whether or not the regular expression set itself contained any lever that might make for creating more efficient automata prior to moving such automata to any specific matching architecture or hardware. We found that typical Non-deterministic Finite Automata (NFA) construction methodologies create redundant paths in the NFA when used with the complex rule-sets employed in network security. This stems directly from the fact that creating optimized NFA is a hard problem. As such, we created REduce, a tool that uses shared prefixes among regular expressions as a heuristic to eliminate redundant paths among shared prefixes within constructed NFA. The end result is smaller matching automata (between 4-50% depending on the rule-set) and a 4-900% improvement in throughput due to reductions in active state. More importantly, REduce only targets NFA construction, thus the generated NFA can be converted to any specific matching architecture or hardware for cumulative improvement.
Complexity Regularized Video Watermarking Via Quantization Of Pseudo-Random Semi-Global Linear Statistics (2005)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Antalya, Turkey, 2005
Identification of antigenic regions in the GB hepatitis viruses GBV-A, GBV-B, and GBV-C (1996)

The genomes of two novel members of the Flaviviridae associated with GB agent hepatitis (GB viruses A and B) were cloned and sequenced recently. The genome of a third novel virus (GB virus C), related to but distinct from GB viruses A and B, has also been identified and characterized. Overlapping clones encompassing the large open reading frames of these three viruses have been expressed in E. coli as CTP:CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate cytidylyltransferase (CKS) fusion proteins. Bacterial lysates were subjected to Western blot analyses using sera from GB agent-infected tamarins and human sera from various individuals with or "at risk" for non-A, non-B, non-C, non-D, non-E hepatitis. Antigenic regions were identified in the putative NS3, NS4, and NS5 proteins from all three viruses. An antigenic region was also identified in the putative core protein of GB virus B. Many of the clones identified originally as encoding antigenic proteins were quite large. To map these regions more narrowly, smaller overlapping clones were generated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), expressed as recombinant CKS fusion proteins and tested by Western blot. Additionally, a lambda gt11 expression library was generated from infectious tamarin sera and immunoscreened. These studies have identified at least three epitopes in GB virus A, five epitopes in GB virus B and four epitopes in GB virus C.
Modified Polyimides Are More Compression Moldable (1995)

Offset stoichiometries and end-capping agents impart desired properties. Semicrystalline polyimides synthesized from 3,3',4,4' benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA) and 1,3-bis(4-aminophenoxy-4'-benzoyl)benzene (1,3-BABB) modified to increase melt flow. Modified versions more amenable to compression molding, processing to form adhesive bonds, and use as matrices in matrix/fiber composite materials.
An immunologic test for chronic rhinosinusitis based on free intranasal eosinophilic major basic protein (2014)

Free MBP in nasal mucus can be used as a biomarker to diagnose CRS. The MBP ELISA represents the first immunologically-based test to potentially distinguish CRS from the eosinophilic inflammation in allergic rhinitis.
Using countercurrent chromatography to assist in the purification of new Annonaceous acetogenins fromAnnona squamosa (1999)

Three new Annonaceous acetogenins, (2,4-cis and trans)-9-hydroxy asimicinone (1), (2,4-cis and trans)-squamoxinone B (2) and (2,4-cis and trans) squamoxinone C (3), were isolated from the bark of Annona squamosa with the help of countercurrent chromatography. Additionally found was isoannoreticuin (4), which is new to this species. Compound 1 is an adjacent bis-tetrahydrofuran (THF) ring acetogenin with a hydroxyl group at the nine position and two more hydroxyls flanking the bis-THF system, while compounds 2–4 are all mono-THF ring acetogenins also possessing three hydroxyl groups. All four compounds are ketolactone-type acetogenins, and all show impressive cytotoxicities in a panel of six human tumour cell lines. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Efficient Cell-Aware Defect Characterization for Multi-bit Cells (2018)

Cell-aware test is used to improve test quality and diagnosis accuracy. Simulation based cell-aware test model generation is a time consuming process. The overall characterization runtime of a standard cell is generally a function of pin count and the number of SPICE level devices. Exhaustive defect analysis requires unique simulations for each defect site across all cells in a library. Multi-bit cells have been widely adopted in low-power designs and they usually have both a large number of inputs, and SPICE level devices. This paper presents a general flow for cell-aware test model generation for clarity. We then propose a technique to speed-up the cell-aware defect model generation for multi-bit cells. Our evaluation on 16nm library cells shows the effectiveness of the proposed technique.
SPIKET and COBRA compounds as novel tubulin modulators with potent anticancer activity. (2000)

Agents that either promote or inhibit tubulin polymerization exhibit anticancer activity by disrupting normal mitotic spindle assembly and cell division as well as inducing apoptosis. Recently identified novel agents that target tubulin include synthetic spiroketal pyrans (SPIKET), targeting the spongistatin binding site of beta-tubulin, and COBRA compounds, targeting a unique binding cavity on alpha-tubulin. At nanomolar concentrations, the SPIKET compound SPIKET-P caused tubulin depolymerization in cell-free turbidity assays and exhibited potent cytotoxic activity against cancer cells as evidenced by destruction of microtubule organization, and prevention of mitotic spindle formation in human breast cancer cells. Molecular modeling studies predicted a high-affinity interaction of the first COBRA compounds, COBRA-0 and COBRA-1, with a unique hydrophobic binding site on alpha-tubulin located between the GTP/GDP binding site and the M-loop. Further studies showed that COBRA-1 inhibited GTP-induced tubulin polymerization in cell-free tubulin turbidity assays. Treatment of human breast cancer and brain tumor (glioblastoma) cells with COBRA-1 caused destruction of microtubule organization and apoptosis. COBRA-1 activated the pro-apoptotic c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signal transduction pathway. COBRA and SPIKET compounds represent two new classes of tubulin targeting agents that show promise as anticancer drugs.
Photon counting passive 3D image sensing for automatic target recognition (2005)

In this paper, we propose photon counting three-dimensional (3D) passive sensing and object recognition using integral imaging. The application of this approach to 3D automatic target recognition (ATR) is investigated using both linear and nonlinear matched filters. We find there is significant potential of the proposed system for 3D sensing and recognition with a low number of photons. The discrimination capability of the proposed system is quantified in terms of discrimination ratio, Fisher ratio, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on photon counting 3D passive sensing and ATR with integral imaging.