gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Multimodal Deep Learning-Based Distributed Network Latency Measurement System (2020)

Network latency plays an important role in the server-selection process as well as real-time applications. Depending on the network system size, network latency can be either explicitly measured or predicted. While for small-scale systems explicit delay measurements can be performed between any pair of network nodes, this method is not feasible for large-scale networks due to the tremendous traffic and processing overhead. As a result, networking companies as well as researchers use the estimation methods for round-trip time (RTT) in large-scale networks. In such methods, network latency estimation is based on performing a small set of actual RTT measurements and predicting the rest of latencies among all network nodes. However, they suffer from several drawbacks such as poor performance, long convergence duration, or lack of convergence. In this article, we present a novel method of large-scale network latency estimation using artificial intelligence (AI). Our system uses a multimodal deep learning algorithm for high accuracy and computing speed. The proposed AI-based system is trained and evaluated using the well-known KING data set derived from the measurements of a real large-scale network. Performance evaluations show that our proposed approach significantly outperform existing techniques, achieving the 90th percentile relative error of 0.25 and an average accuracy of 96.1%, and 76.4% of the measurements are within 20% estimation error.
Structure Analysis of Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett Films with Metal Complexes (1999)

Abstract We fabricated IMI-O polymer containing imidazole group that forms a complex structure between the monolayer and the metal ions at the air-water interface. Also, the monolayer behavior at the air-water interface and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films by complex formation have been investigated by π-A isotherm and the scanning Maxwell-stress microscope.
On-Chip Measurement of Clock and Data Jitter With Sub-Picosecond Accuracy for 10 Gb/s Multilane CDRs (2014)

On-chip jitter measurement can be used to optimize the performance of wireline transceivers. In this work, the jitter of random data is measured on-chip by correlating the phase detector outputs from two adjacent CDR lanes. This allows the jitter's autocorrelation function to be estimated, from which the jitter's RMS value and power spectral density are extracted without using any external reference clock. The RMS value of random jitter ranging from 0.85 ps to 1.89 ps, and sinusoidal jitter from 0.89 ps to 5.1 ps is measured in PRBS31 data with less than 0.6 ps of error compared to measurements by an 80 GS/s real-time oscilloscope. Correlating the phase detectors in the CDRs with a third phase detector, which measures the phase difference between the clocks recovered by the two CDRs, allows measurement of the recovered clock jitter. Sinusoidal jitter from 1.8 ps to 5.3 ps is measured in the recovered clock with an error of less than 1 ps.
A Small-Animal PET System Based on LYSO Crystal Arrays, PS-PMTs and a PCI DAQ Board (2010)

A positron emission tomography system for small animals has been designed for research purposes, and developed at Instituto de Fi¿sica, UNAM, Mexico. Its detection modules are based on pixelated scintillator LYSO crystal arrays coupled to Hamamatsu H8500 position-sensitive photomultiplier tubes. The front-end electronics are based on nuclear instrumentation modules (NIM) and in-house built readout circuits. Peak signal digitization is performed with a commercial analogue-to-digital acquisition (DAQ) board. The system has been characterized for spatial, timing and energy resolution, system dead time, absolute sensitivity, scatter fraction and noise equivalent count rate (NEC). The results indicate that the detection modules are able to identify individual crystals (out of 400) with up to 8-to-1 peak-to-valley ratios with individual crystal energy resolution ranging from 7 to 15% at 511 keV. The timing resolution is 1.9 ns and the system dead time was found to be 16.8 ¿s and 42.1 ¿s for 0.5 ml and 10 ml volume sources, respectively. The measured absolute system sensitivity is 0.11% and the scatter fraction from a glass capillary inside a 2.5 cm diameter mouse phantom is 21.5%. A true NEC maximum value was not achieved with the system due to saturation of the PS-PMT output signals for activities above 0.27 mCi. Results from a Na <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">18</sup> F PET bone scan of a 30 g mouse are shown.
Directly addressing children's needs through the NPAH: Bright futures - children's specialist support service - a national partnership agreement on homelessness supported program (2012)

In 2009 Merri Outreach Support Service (MOSS) was successful in receiving funding, under the National Partnership Agreement on Homelessness (NPAH), to implement the Bright Futures - Children's Specialist Support Service. Bright Futures (BF) works in the North and West metropolitan region of Melbourne and is one of five child-focused homelessness support programs funded under the NPAH until 30 June 2013.
One-Stage Multi-Sensor Data Fusion Convolutional Neural Network for 3D Object Detection (2019)

Three-dimensional (3D) object detection has important applications in robotics, automatic loading, automatic driving and other scenarios. With the improvement of devices, people can collect multi-sensor/multimodal data from a variety of sensors such as Lidar and cameras. In order to make full use of various information advantages and improve the performance of object detection, we proposed a Complex-Retina network, a convolution neural network for 3D object detection based on multi-sensor data fusion. Firstly, a unified architecture with two feature extraction networks was designed, and the feature extraction of point clouds and images from different sensors realized synchronously. Then, we set a series of 3D anchors and projected them to the feature maps, which were cropped into 2D anchors with the same size and fused together. Finally, the object classification and 3D bounding box regression were carried out on the multipath of fully connected layers. The proposed network is a one-stage convolution neural network, which achieves the balance between the accuracy and speed of object detection. The experiments on KITTI datasets show that the proposed network is superior to the contrast algorithms in average precision (AP) and time consumption, which shows the effectiveness of the proposed network.
Uncertainty in Unsaturated Zone Pollutant Transport (1985)

The portion of a pollutant spill transported to an underlying aquifer is uncertain due to the stochastic nature of precipitation and uncertainty in the geochemical properties of the contaminant in the soil. Precluding an ability for long-term weather forecasts, the meteorological uncertainty is largely irreducible. However, geochemical uncertainty may be reduced through site sampling and characterization; though this may be expensive. A methodology is developed for characterizing the overall uncertainty in pollutant washout from the unsaturated zone. Results are presented in terms of derived probability distribution functions which distinguish between reducible and irreducible sources of variability. A number of results are applicable to related problems, such as land farming of hazardous wastes. (Author abstract. )
Three Dimensional Culture Upregulates Extracellular Matrix Protein Expression in Human Liver Cell Lines - a Step towards Mimicking the Liver in Vivo? (2000)

Extracellular matrix (ECM) in the liver affects the phenotype of both hepatocytes and non-parenchymal cells. To be able to mimic in vivo liver function for extracorporeal hepatic support using human cell lines, a necessary step is to upregulate the function normally seen in monolayer culture. 3-D spheroid colonies were formed by culturing single HepG2 cells encapsulated in alginate beads. ECM expression in these cultures was compared to monolayer Hep G2 cultures. The following ECM proteins were detected immunohistochemically:- collagens 1, III, V and VI, the glycoproteins fibronectin, tenascin and vitronectin, and the basement membrane protein laminin. In 3-D cultures, all proteins except tenascin were strongly expressed, as compared with weak or undetectable expression in monolayer cultures, even with 10-fold increases in the antibody concentration used. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that the 3-D environment created by alginate encapsulation of cell lines leads to cell behaviour mimicking that in vivo.
Population‐based genetic screening for the estimation of Type 1 diabetes mellitus risk in Finland: selective genotyping of markers in the HLA‐DQB1, HLA‐DQA1 and HLA‐DRB1 loci (1999)

The described strategy for genetic prediction of Type 1 diabetes mellitus relies on the convenient genotyping procedure and could be applied in large scale screening projects such as DIPP.
Long Noncoding RNAs Associated With Liver Regeneration 1 Accelerates Hepatocyte Proliferation During Liver Regeneration By Activating Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling (2013)

lncRNA-LALR1 promotes cell cycle progression and accelerates hepatocyte proliferation during liver regeneration by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Pharmacological intervention targeting lncRNA-LALR1 may be therapeutically beneficial in liver failure and liver transplantation by inducing liver regeneration.
Exploration of the horizontally staggered light guides for high concentration CPV applications (2012)

The material and processing costs are still the major drawbacks of the c-Si based photovoltaic (PV) technology. The wafer cost comprises up to 35-40% of the total module cost. New approaches and system designs are needed in order to reduce the share of the wafer cost in photovoltaic energy systems. Here we explore the horizontally staggered light guide solar optics for use in Concentrated Photovoltaic (CPV) applications. This optical system comprises a lens array system coupled to a horizontal light guide which directs the incoming light beam to its edge. We have designed and simulated this system using a commercial ray tracing software (Zemax). The system is more compact, thinner and more robust compared to the conventional CPV systems. Concentration levels as high as 1000x can easily be reached when the system is properly designed. With such a high concentration level, a good acceptance angle of + -1 degree is still be conserved. The analysis of the system reveals that the total optical efficiency of the system could be as high as %94.4 without any anti-reflection (AR) coating. Optical losses can be reduced by just accommodating a single layer AR coating on the initial lens array leading to a %96.5 optical efficiency. Thermal behavior of high concentration linear concentrator is also discussed and compared with a conventional point focus CPV system.
Introduction (1997)

Abstract In this chapter, a brief identification of resulting trust is first presented. Several definitions are given, these coming from several writers. Two situations where resulting trusts mostly arise as well as the distinction between presumed and automatic resulting trusts are illustrated. The importance of a proper classification of trusts is explored as well. The chapter contends that by recognizing that the resulting trust depends on the lack of intention to benefit the recipient should resolve the debate over whether it arises by operation of law or is created by the intention of the parties. Further, the chapter asserts that if the resulting trust has a greater role in the law of restitution than previously suspected, the interplay between these two subjects must be examined. The latter part of this chapter provides an outline of the plan of the book.
Rapid diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy using High-Resolution Melting Analysis (2009)

The HRMA with saturation LC Green dyes and unlabeled probe appears to be a suitable, alternative method for the diagnosis of SMA, with high sensitivity and specificity.
Is growth hormone hypersecretion in diabetic adolescen_t girls also a daytime problem? (1998)

Hypoinsulinaemia in adolescent IDDM patients, particularly in the portal hepatic circulation, results in decreased IGF-I and increased IGFBP 1 production in the liver. High levels of IGFBP 1 may, in turn, reduce the bioactivity of IGF-I even further. Low levels of IGF-I will lead to increased GH secretion. Earlier studies on the relationship between GH and diabetic control have focused on elevated GH levels during the night. In this study we have observed markedly elevated levels of GH also during daytime in adolescent IDDM patients. This indicates increased insulin resistance and insulin demand also during the day in diabetic subjects. The increased insulin resistance may result in hyperglycaemia leading to additional insulin resistance. A vicious circle may thus be induced, accelerating metabolic impairment in poorly controlled adolescent IDDM girls.
DeepH&M: Estimating single-CpG hydroxymethylation and methylation levels from enrichment and restriction enzyme sequencing methods (2020)

Increased appreciation of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) as a stable epigenetic mark, which defines cell identity and disease progress, has engendered a need for cost-effective, but high-resolution, 5hmC mapping technology. Current enrichment-based technologies provide cheap but low-resolution and relative enrichment of 5hmC levels, while single-base resolution methods can be prohibitively expensive to scale up to large experiments. To address this problem, we developed a deep learning-based method, "DeepH&M," which integrates enrichment and restriction enzyme sequencing methods to simultaneously estimate absolute hydroxymethylation and methylation levels at single-CpG resolution. Using 7-week-old mouse cerebellum data for training the DeepH&M model, we demonstrated that the 5hmC and 5mC levels predicted by DeepH&M were in high concordance with whole-genome bisulfite-based approaches. The DeepH&M model can be applied to 7-week-old frontal cortex and 79-week-old cerebellum, revealing the robust generalizability of this method to other tissues from various biological time points.
Fascial Slings and Bladder Neck Tapering in the Treatment of Male Neurogenic Incontinence (1992)

Intractable incontinence in selected male patients with a neurogenic bladder has been treated by increasing bladder compliance with augmentation cystoplasty and increasing urethral resistance with the artificial urinary sphincter. However, there are a number of complications associated with the use of an artificial urinary sphincter. As an alternative, we performed bladder neck tapering and bladder neck slings in 13 men with a neurogenic bladder and an incompetent urethra (10 with spina bifida and 3 with spinal cord injury) undergoing bladder augmentation. Mean patient age was 27 years (range 17 to 40 years) and mean followup was 34.3 months (range 5.5 to 49 months). Postoperatively, there was a 113% increase in mean bladder capacity (from 260 to 550 cc) and a 62% decrease in mean bladder pressure at capacity (from 53 to 20 cm. water). The earliest 2 patients with a Marlex sling suffered erosions that were treated with transurethral excision. As a result, the 11 subsequent patients had a rectus fascial sling. Nine patients (69.2%) are completely dry on self-catheterization, 2 (15.4%) required collagen injections for improved continence and 2 failures (15.4%) required additional procedures. The complications in these patients are comparable to, if not better than, the use of an artificial urinary sphincter. We conclude that a fascial sling with bladder neck tapering is an excellent alternative to the artificial urinary sphincter in the treatment of male neurogenic bladder with an incompetent urethra.
Memantine binding to a superficial site on NMDA receptors contributes to partial trapping (2009)

Although many nervous system disorders are associated with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor overactivation, pharmacological inhibition of NMDA receptors has typically demonstrated limited clinical value due to debilitating psychotomimetic side-effects. Memantine, however, induces far fewer behavioural side-effects than other NMDA receptor channel blockers such as ketamine, and slows the progressive cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer's disease. Memantine and ketamine inhibit NMDA receptors with similar affinity and kinetics. A prominent mechanistic difference between memantine and ketamine is the degree to which they are 'trapped' within the closed channel of NMDA receptors following removal of agonist: ketamine becomes trapped in nearly all NMDA receptors to which it was bound before agonist removal, whereas some bound memantine molecules dissociate after agonist removal, a phenomenon called partial trapping. Here we investigated the mechanism underlying partial trapping of memantine by recombinant NR1/2A NMDA receptors. We found that memantine dissociation from NR1/2A receptors after agonist removal (the process that results in partial trapping) followed an exponential time course with tau = 0.79 +/- 0.32 s. Neither membrane voltage depolarization nor maintained presence of memantine after agonist removal affected partial trapping, suggesting that partial trapping does not result from memantine escape through open channels. We tested the hypothesis that partial trapping results from binding of memantine to two sites, a superficial 'non-trapping' site and a deep 'trapping' site, which cannot be occupied simultaneously. This hypothesis was supported by the lack of ketamine binding to the superficial site, the voltage dependence of partial trapping, and the effect on partial trapping of a mutation near the deep site. The superficial binding site for memantine may, by causing partial trapping, contribute to memantine's unique therapeutic utility.
Thionoesters: A Native Chemical Ligation-Inspired Approach to Cysteine-Triggered H<sub>2</sub>S Donors (2018)

Native chemical ligation (NCL) is a simple, widely used, and powerful synthetic tool to ligate N-terminal cysteine residues and C-terminal α-thioesters via a thermodynamically stable amide bond. Building on this well-established reactivity, as well as advancing our interests in the chemical biology of reactive sulfur species including hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S), we hypothesized that thionoesters, which are constitutional isomers of thioesters, would undergo a similar NCL reaction in the presence of cysteine to release H<sub>2</sub>S under physiological conditions. Herein, we report mechanistic and kinetic investigations into cysteine-mediated H<sub>2</sub>S release from thionoesters. We found that this reaction proceeds with high H<sub>2</sub>S-releasing efficiency (∼80%) and with a rate constant (9.1 ± 0.3 M<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>) comparable to that for copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloadditions (CuAAC). Additionally, we found that the final product of the reaction of cysteine with thionoesters results in the formation of a stable dihydrothiazole, which is an iron-binding motif commonly found in siderophores produced by bacteria during periods of nutrient deprivation.
ChemInform Abstract: Polymerase Engineering: Towards the Encoded Synthesis of Unnatural Biopolymers (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Characterization of Epitaxial Films of Layered Materials Using Moiré Images of Scanning Tunneling Microscope (1993)

Moiré-type modulated patterns have been observed in scanning tunneling microscope (STM) images of ultrathin epitaxial films of MoSe 2 grown on MoS 2 substrates, which arise from the existence of a very abrupt interface between two lattice-mismatched materials. Some distortions have been observed in the moiré patterns, reflecting the local lattice distortions in epitaxial films. It has been proven from a simple analysis that the moiré patterns enhance the distortions in the epitaxial films by a factor of 10 to 20, which enables the precise characterization of local lattice distortions in the epitaxial films.
Design of High Order Mode-Multiplexers using Multiplane Light Conversion (2017)

We design a spatial mode multiplexer using multi-plane light conversion which can address all 45 modes of a 50-μm graded index multimode fiber at 1550 nm with 14 phase planes. The mode-dependent loss is below 2-dB across 100 nm.
Micropigmentation: Tattooing for Medical Purposes (2006)

The procedure is relatively easy, provides permanent camouflage, and is generally devoid of any significant adverse effects. However, a number of infections can be transmitted from one patient to another if the universal precautions for sterilization of instruments used for micropigmentation are not adhered to.
Modification and Application of a Leaf Blower-vac for Field Sampling of Arthropods (2016)

Rice fields host a large diversity of arthropods, but investigating their population dynamics and interactions is challenging. Here we describe the modification and application of a leaf blower-vac for suction sampling of arthropod populations in rice. When used in combination with an enclosure, application of this sampling device provides absolute estimates of the populations of arthropods as numbers per standardized sampling area. The sampling efficiency depends critically on the sampling duration. In a mature rice crop, a two-minute sampling in an enclosure of 0.13 m(2) yields more than 90% of the arthropod population. The device also allows sampling of arthropods dwelling on the water surface or the soil in rice paddies, but it is not suitable for sampling fast flying insects, such as predatory Odonata or larger hymenopterous parasitoids. The modified blower-vac is simple to construct, and cheaper and easier to handle than traditional suction sampling devices, such as D-vac. The low cost makes the modified blower-vac also accessible to researchers in developing countries.
Asymmetric hydrogenation of pharmaceutically interesting substrates. (2003)

The application of asymmetric hydrogenation to the manufacture of pharmaceutical intermediates has become increasingly prevalent in the past three to five years. This review focuses on the hydrogenation substrates and their use, rather than comparing the specific catalysts employed. The literature published between 2002 and 2003 is covered, with some pertinent examples from 2001, all of which demonstrate the increasing number of applications for this technology.