gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interprocedural pointer alias analysis (1999)

We present practical approximation methods for computing and representing interprocedural aliases for a program written in a language that includes pointers, reference parameters, and recursion. We present the following contributions: (1) a framework for interprocedural pointer alias analysis that handles function pointers by constructing the program call graph while alias analysis is being performed; (2) a flow-sensitive interprocedural pointer alias analysis algorithm; (3) a flow-insensitive interprocedural pointer alias analysis algorithm; (4) a flow-insensitive interprocedural pointer alias analysis algorithm that incorporates kill information to improve precision; (5) empirical measurements of the efficiency and precision of the three interprocedural alias analysis algorithms.
A robust deep submicron programmable DC voltage generator (2002)

An efficient technique for generating accurate on-chip DC reference voltages is presented. The technique is based on filtering a digital pulse-modulated sequence in order to extract its average (DC) value. Simplicity is achieved by using a passive on-chip filter and by using an all-digital implementation of the modulator. Moreover, in addition to using pulse-width modulation to encode the value of the output DC level, we propose the use of pulse-density modulation as a more viable technique. The latter has the advantage of using a significantly smaller filter, which translates into a smaller implementation area and a faster settling time. The technique was successfully demonstrated using a prototype IC in a 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS process.
Apo A-1 Mimetic Peptides as Atheroprotective Agents in Murine Models (2008)

The mouse has proven to be an excellent model for testing apolipoprotein mimetic peptides as agents to treat a variety of vascular inflammatory conditions including atherosclerosis, cognitive dysfunction associated with arteriole inflammation, chronic rejection of transplanted hearts, and scleroderma. The mechanism of action appears to relate to the ability of these peptides to preferentially bind pro-inflammatory oxidized lipids and is independent of the chirality of the peptides since peptides synthesized from either D- or L-amino acids appear to be equally effective.
Temperature rise measured noninvasively during thermal therapy using backscattered ultrasound (2005)

Quantitative knowledge of the spatial distribution of tissue temperature is an essential indicator of thermal therapy progress, and is needed to assure treatment safety and efficacy. Measured changes in ultrasonic travel time from an imaging transducer to backscattering sites in and around the heated region can provide clinically useful temperature estimates from which thermal dose throughout the imaged region can be obtained. Previous studies have noted the difficulty in inverting travel time to obtain temperature, due to lack of sensitivity over a temperature interval often encompassing the therapeutic range. It is shown, through in vitro experiments, that temperature rise can be accurately obtained from ultrasonic measurements during therapy delivery and post-treatment cool down phases, using RF backscatter data, collected by a commercial scanner, and a heat transfer model. The temperature estimation problem is divided into two parts: noninvasive HIFU calibration experiments are conducted prior to therapy to estimate local model-relevant tissue properties; temperature rise is estimated during therapy. Variability in the observed dose response is modeled as a directly related change in the magnitude of the HIFU heat source, while assuming that the acoustic beam pattern is constant.
Real-time, transcranial monitoring of safe blood-brain barrier opening in non-human primates (2012)

The delivery of drugs to specific neural targets faces two fundamental problems: most drugs do not cross the blood-brain barrier and those that do spread to all parts of the brain. To date there exists only one non-invasive methodology with the potential to solve these problems: selective blood-brain barrier disruption using micro-bubble enhanced focused ultrasound. We have recently developed a single-element 500 kHz spherical transducer ultrasound setup for use in the nonhuman primate. Here, we tested the accuracy of the system by targeting the caudate nucleus of the basal ganglia in two macaque monkeys. Our results show that average in-plane error of the system is on the order of 2 mm and targeting error in depth, i.e., along the ultrasound path, is even smaller averaging 1.2 mm. We have also developed a real-time treatment monitoring based on backscattered emissions spectral analyses. This technique helped us determining a safe and reliable acoustic parameters window for BBB opening.
Towards a Fully Passive Ku-Band Power Limiter using RF-MEMS Technologies and Vacuum Microelectronics (2006)

The first steps leading to the development of an RF power limiter are presented in this paper. As vacuum components are supposedly able to handle very high frequency signals at high power levels, the proposed device is based on the use of cold cathode field emitters distributed along a coplanar line. Two and three-dimensional electromagnetic simulations will be compared to early characterization results at microwave frequencies and at medium power. First experiments at higher power will also be discussed
6.6 kV/1.5 kA-class superconducting fault current limiter development (1992)

The authors have developed and tested a 6.6-kV/1.5-kA-class fault current limiter wound with a 42-strand AC superconducting wire having ultrafine NbTi filaments in a high-resistivity matrix. In experiments, voltages up to 7.2 kV were applied to the limiter with phase angles of 0, 45, and 90 degrees . The limiter was able to limit the fault current to 1.8 kA from the 55-kA short-circuit current that would flow in a circuit without a limiter.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<title>Imprinted polymer sensors for contamination detection</title> (2001)

Molecular imprinting is a useful technique for making a chemically selective binding site. The method involves building a synthetic polymeric scaffold of molecular complements containing the target molecule with subsequent removal of the target to leave a cavity with a structural memory of the target. Molecularly imprinted polymers can be employed as selective adsorbents of specific molecules or molecular functional groups. The imprinted polymers can be fashioned into membranes that can be used to form ion selective electrodes for an imprinted ion. By incorporating molecules or metal ions with useful optical properties in the binding sites of imprinted polymers, spectroscopic sensors for the imprinted molecule may be made. A variety of metal ion selective electrodes and a Pb2+ ion optrode based on imprinted polymers have been fabricated and tested.1-4 Additionally, a sensor for the hydrolysis product of the nerve agent Soman has been developed using a luminescent lanthanide ion, Eu(III), as optical transducer.5 Our research continues to explore other means to employ electrochemical and optical transductio
Dielectrically Transduced Single-Ended to Differential MEMS Filter (2006)

A single-ended input to balanced output 425MHz mechanically coupled electromechanical filter is presented. This technology provides 1MHz channel select filtering while eliminating the need for RF switches and baluns in front-end transceivers. The filter achieves 8dB insertion loss with -50dB stop-band rejection and -48dB common-mode suppression
3D isotropic high‐resolution diffusion‐weighted MRI of the whole brain with a motion‐corrected steady‐state free precession sequence (2012)

The main obstacle to high-resolution (<1.5 mm isotropic) 3D diffusion-weighted MRI is the differential motion-induced phase error from shot-to-shot. In this work, the phase error is addressed with a hybrid 3D navigator approach that corrects motion-induced phase in two ways. In the first, rigid-body motion is corrected for every shot. In the second, repeatable nonrigid-body pulsation is corrected for each portion of the cardiac cycle. These phase error corrections were implemented with a 3D diffusion-weighted steady- state free precession pulse sequence and were shown to mitigate signal dropouts caused by shot-to-shot phase inconsistencies compared to a standard gridding reconstruction in healthy volunteers. The proposed approach resulted in diffusion contrast more similar to the contrast observed in the reference echo-planer imaging scans than reconstruction of the same data without correction. Fractional anisotropy and Color fractional anisotropy maps generated with phase-corrected data were also shown to be more similar to echo-planer imaging reference scans than those generated without phase correction.
Correction of geometric perceptual distortions in pictures (1995)

Article Correction of geometric perceptual distortions in pictures Share on Authors: Denis Zorin California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CAView Profile , Alan H. Barr California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGGRAPH '95: Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniquesSeptember 1995 Pages 257–264https://doi.org/10.1145/218380.218449Online:15 September 1995Publication History 65citation932DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations65Total Downloads932Last 12 Months23Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
The electrochemical hydrogenation of edible oils in a solid polymer electrolyte reactor. I. Reactor design and operation (1998)

Abstract A new electrochemical method has been devised and tested for the moderate temperature/atmospheric pressure hydrogenation of edible oils, fatty acids, and fatty acid methyl esters. The method employed a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) reactor, similar to that used in H 2 /O 2 fuel cells, with water as the source of hydrogen. The key component of the reactor was a membrane‐electrode‐assembly, composed of a RuO 2 powder anode and either a Pt‐black or Pd‐black powder cathode that were hot‐pressed as thin films onto the opposing surfaces of a Nafion cation‐exchange membrane. During reactor operation at a constant applied current, water was back‐fed to the RuO 2 anode, where it was oxidized electrochemically to O 2 and H + . Protons migrated through the Nafion membrane under the influence of the applied electric field and contacted the Pt or Pd cathode, where they were reduced to atomic and molecular hydrogen. Oil was circulated past the back side of the cathode and unsaturated triglycerides reacted with the electrogenerated hydrogen species. The SPE reactor was operated successfully at a constant applied current density of 0.10 A/cm 2 and a temperature between 50 and 80°C with soybean, canola, and cottonseed oils and with mixtures of fatty acids and fatty acid methyl esters. Reaction products with iodine values in the range of 60–105 were characterized by a higher stearic acid content and a lower percentage of trans isomers than those produced in a traditional hydrogenation process.
Reduction of layout complexity for shorter mask write-time (2007)

As tolerance requirements for the lithography process continue to shrink, the complexity of the optical proximity correction is growing. Smaller correction grids, smaller fragment lengths and the introduction of pixel-based simulation lead to highly fragmented data fueling the trend of larger file sizes as well as increasing the writing times of the vector shaped beam systems commonly used for making advanced photomasks. This paper will introduce an approach of layout modifications to simplify the data considering both fracturing and mask writing constraints in order to make it more suitable for these processes. The trade-offs between these simplifications and OPC accuracy will be investigated. A data processing methodology that allows preserving the OPC accuracy and modifications all the way to the mask manufacturing will also be described. This study focuses on 65nm and 45nm designs.
DEVELOPMENT OF WATER BASED FAST NEUTRON DOSIMETER (2019)

Throughout the years, detection of fast neutrons has been a field of intensive study to improve the current methods of neutron dosimetry. This study proposes a new approach to measure neutron dose using a water-based chemical dosimeter. The dosimeter method is based on the radiation induced reduction of the hexavalent Cr (VI) to the trivalent Cr (III). Neutron absorbance material (Gd-157 and B-10) was added with different concentrations to increase the neutron interaction with the dosimeter. A Monte Carlo simulation toolkit was used to carry out the dose calculation. Cf-252 was used as a fast neutron source while a monoenergetic beam with 0.025 eV energy was used as a thermal neutron source. The results showed that 1 mol/dm3 of Gadolinium gave the best outcome while surrounding the dosimeter with 1 cm Gadolinium sheets. The dosimeter was giving acceptable readings when using fast and thermal neutrons. Future studies need to be carried out to run an experimental trial in the laboratory to verify if the simulations and experimental results match.
Predicting the Quality of One-Dimensional Periodic Micro and Nano Structures Fabricated via Wrinkling (2012)

Wrinkling of thin films due to buckling-based surface instabilities is a fast and inexpensive technique for template-free fabrication of periodic micro/nano scale structures. Although one-dimensional (1-D) periodic micro and nano structures have been fabricated via wrinkling in the past, wrinkling is not yet appropriate for a manufacturing environment. This is because it is currently not possible to predict and control the quality of the fabricated patterns. Pattern quality is quantified in terms of the uniformity of the pattern, i.e., defect density within the patterned area. Herein, we (i) identify the process parameters that affect pattern quality, (ii) model the effect of these parameters on wrinkling quality and (iii) quantify the feasible operating region for a target pattern quality. During wrinkling, dislocation defects are observed due to local geometric imperfections such as voids or variations in the material properties. We have developed a finite element model of the wrinkling process that accounts for voids in the material. The wavelength and amplitude predictions of this model were found to be within ∼13% of the experimental observations. Also, it was found that below a threshold void size, the non-uniformity in the pattern due to voids decays with an increase in the applied compressive strain. This provides a practical means to minimize the non-uniformity in 1-D wrinkled patterns by increasing the compression. However, the defect density due to surface cracks increases with an increase in the compressive strains. Our analysis enables one to identify and predict the feasible operating region within which uniform 1-D patterns can be obtained, thereby improving manufacturability via wrinkling.
Quantitation of Suicidal Netosis Using Convolutional Neural Networks in Human Neutrophils (2016)

Abstract Suicidal NETosis (Neutrophil Extracellular Traps) is a mode of cell death involving de-condensation of chromatin and fusion with cytoplasmic granule proteins to create a net-like structure for entrapping pathogenic elements. Despite its name, NETosis does not occur exclusively in neutrophils but rather in all myeloid cells of the immune system except dendritic cells. A growing list of diseases and conditions implicate NETs in their etiology and the progression of symptoms. These conditions include sepsis, cystic fibrosis, lupus nephritis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and deep vein thrombosis. There are several different quantitative methods to assess NETosis making comparative analysis across the field of NETosis research extremely challenging. To further define NETosis and facilitate new discoveries in this field, we have developed a novel assay that combines high-content microscopy with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). CNN is the revolutionary image recognition technology used in popular social media facial features recognition systems to 1) quantify the percentage of NETotic and non-NETotic nuclei in a cell population, 2) classify NETotic, necrotic and normal nuclei in a mixed population of neutrophils and 3) differentiate between two different NETotic nuclei generated by two of the most commonly used agonists in NETosis research, the PKC activator PMA and A23187, a Ca+2 ionophore. Furthermore we have optimized neutrophil isolation and culture conditions to yield reproducible results with low inter-and intra-assay variability. Image acquisition was performed on adherent neutrophils using the automated BD Pathway Bio-imaging Systems with autofocusing function that allows imaging of approximately 10% of a well in a 96-well plate. An algorithm was created for image segmentation and recognition of NETotic nuclei based on size, DNA staining intensity and pattern. Data generated by this semi-automated analysis system were used to train a CNN to count NETotic and non-NETotic nuclei. These methods allowed us to calculate the EC50 for PMA (2.2 nM) and A23187 (2.5 uM) and to differentiate between their distinct mechanisms of NETosis. CNNs are able to classify NETotic phenotypes, without the use of expensive antibodies or reagents. Our assay represents a crucial first step for standardizing and quantitating NETosis, which will allow better data interpretation across different labs and provide a potential screening tool for known and as yet undiscovered NETosis agonists. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Blurred persistence in transactional persistent memory (2015)

Persistent memory provides data persistence at main memory level and enables memory-level storage systems. To ensure consistency of the storage systems, memory writes need to be transactional and are carefully moved across the boundary between the volatile CPU cache and the persistent memory. Unfortunately, the CPU cache is hardware-controlled, and it incurs high overhead for programs to track and move data blocks from being volatile to persistent. In this paper, we propose a software-based mechanism, Blurred Persistence, to blur the volatility-persistence boundary, so as to reduce the overhead in transaction support. Blurred Persistence consists of two techniques. First, Execution in Log executes a transaction in the log to eliminate duplicated data copies for execution. It allows the persistence of volatile uncommitted data, which can be detected by reorganizing the log structure. Second, Volatile Checkpoint with Bulk Persistence allows the committed data to aggressively stay volatile by leveraging the data durability in the log, as long as the commit order across threads is kept. By doing so, it reduces the frequency of forced persistence and improves cache efficiency. Evaluations show that our mechanism improves system performance by 56.3% to 143.7% for a variety of workloads.
Development of the Simulation Model <i>InPest</i> for Prediction of the Indoor Behavior of Pesticides (1998)

The objective was to develop a computer software package (to be registered as InPest) that runs under Microsoft Excel on a personal computer to help in the risk assessment of indoor-use pesticides for both applicators and indoor occupants for various methods of application including space spraying, electric vaporizing, broadcast spraying, and residual spraying. For space spraying, the movement of the pesticide in a sprayed room including droplet settlement, permeation into the floor, degradation, transference, and discharge by ventilation were described as precisely as possible by various physicochemi-cal equations. The equations thus obtained were then incorporated into the Fugacity model (Level IV). When pesticide information regarding molecular weight, vapor pressure, water solubility, and octanol/water partition coefficient is available, InPest is able to simulate the time-dependent concentrations of the pesticide in the air and residual amounts on floor, wall, and ceiling materials under various conditions. Simulation data indicate that the predicted behavior of pesticides fully agrees with the measured data. Based on the predicted concentrations in the air and amounts of residue on the floor, the levels of exposure to room occupants via inhalation, dermal, or oral intake can be computed and compared with the mammalian toxicological data. Thus, InPest is a powerful tool for evaluating the safety of indoor-use pesticides with regard to human health.
Realization of all-optical half adder using XGM in semiconductor optical amplifiers without additional input beam (2006)

By using gain nonlinearity characteristics of semiconductor optical amplifier, an all-optical binary half adder at 10 Gbps is demonstrated. No additional input beam such as clock signal or continuous wave light, which is required in many other all-optical logic gates, is used in this design concept. The half adder operates in single mechanism, which is XGM.
Polymerization of lactams, 77. On the limit temperature (ceiling temperature) of the anionic polymerization of 2‐pyrrolidone (1987)

Abstract The kinetics of the nonactivated anionic polymerization of 2‐pyrrolidone (PD) initiated with the potassium salt of 2‐pyrrolidone (KPD) and anionic polymerizations of PD accelerated with CO 2 and 1‐(1‐pyrrolin‐2‐yl)‐2‐pyrrolidone or activated with 1‐benzoyl‐2‐pyrrolidone and 1‐acetyl‐2‐pyrrolidone were followed near the ceiling temperature (limit temp. T 1 ) and discussed. The values of T 1 were extrapolated from the data obtained for the given initiation systems. The dependence of T 1 on the concentration of the initiation system was also investigated.
Atmospheric pressure plasma jet technology applied to chem/bio decontamination (2002)

Summary form only given. The possibility of an attack using chemical or biological warfare (CBW) agents in either a domestic terrorism or military situation has become all too real in recent history. This has been made evident by the 1995 sarin nerve gas attack on the Tokyo subway and the threat of chem/bio warfare in the Persian Gulf and Korea. The U.S. has stepped up efforts in defence against these horrific agents, particularly in the areas of detection and decontamination. Atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) technology may provide a much needed method of CBW decontamination which, unlike traditional decon methods, is dry and nondestructive to sensitive equipment and materials. The APPJ discharge uses a high-flow feedgas consisting primarily of an inert carrier gas, such as He, and a small amount of a reactive additive, such as O/sub 2/, which flows between capacitively-coupled electrodes powered at 13.56 MHz. A nonthermal plasma formed between the electrodes generates highly reactive metastable and atomic species of oxygen through energetic electron impact. These reactive species are then directed onto a contaminated surface. The reactive effluent of the APPJ has been shown to effectively neutralize VX nerve agent as well as simulants for anthrax and mustard blister agent. Research efforts are now being directed towards reducing He consumption and increasing the allowable stand-off distance.