gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bronchial Aspirin Challenge Causes Specific Eicosanoid Response in Aspirin-Sensitive Asthmatics (1996)

We have shown that inhalation of lysine aspirin enhances leukotriene production in the lungs of patients with aspirin-induced asthma (AIA). To assess the specificity of this reaction, we compared two well-matched groups of patients: eleven with AIA versus 14 asthmatics tolerant to aspirin (ATA). All subjects underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) with saline followed immediately by instillation of 10 mg of lysine aspirin, into a right middle lobe segmental bronchus, which was lavaged 15 min later. At baseline the two groups did not differ with respect to BAL fluid concentrations of cyclooxygenase products, peptido-leukotrienes, histamine, tryptase, interleukin-5 (IL-5), eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), or eosinophil number. Fifteen minutes after aspirin instillation, there was a statistically significant rise in peptido-leukotrienes, IL-5, and eosinophil number in AIA, but not in ATA, but not in ATA patients. In the former, but not in the latter group, mean histamine concentrations rose in response to aspirin, approaching the level of statistical significance. Tryptase and ECP levels showed no significant change. Aspirin significantly depressed PGE2 and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) in both groups, however PGD2, PGF2 alpha, and 9 alpha, 11 beta-PGF2 decreased only in ATA patients. A characteristic disturbance in eicosanoid balance, produced by aspirin in patients intolerant to this drug, might explain precipitation of asthma attacks.
Nucleosomes accelerate transcription factor dissociation (2013)

Transcription factors (TF) bind DNA-target sites within promoters to activate gene expression. TFs target their DNA-recognition sequences with high specificity by binding with resident times of up to hours in vitro. However, in vivo TFs can exchange on the order of seconds. The factors that regulate TF dynamics in vivo and increase dissociation rates by orders of magnitude are not known. We investigated TF binding and dissociation dynamics at their recognition sequence within duplex DNA, single nucleosomes and short nucleosome arrays with single molecule total internal reflection fluorescence (smTIRF) microscopy. We find that the rate of TF dissociation from its site within either nucleosomes or nucleosome arrays is increased by 1000-fold relative to duplex DNA. Our results suggest that TF binding within chromatin could be responsible for the dramatic increase in TF exchange in vivo. Furthermore, these studies demonstrate that nucleosomes regulate DNA-protein interactions not only by preventing DNA-protein binding but by dramatically increasing the dissociation rate of protein complexes from their DNA-binding sites.
Palladium-catalyzed phenylation of enol ethers and acetates (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPalladium-catalyzed phenylation of enol ethers and acetatesIsamu Arai and G. Doyle Daves Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 1, 21–23Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01315a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01315a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views500Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Emerging role of the cannabinoid receptor CB<sub>2</sub>in immune regulation: therapeutic prospects for neuroinflammation (2009)

There is now a large body of data indicating that the cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2) is linked to a variety of immune events. This functional relevance appears to be most salient in the course of inflammation, a process during which there is an increased number of receptors that are available for activation. Studies aimed at elucidating signal transduction events resulting from CB2 interaction with its native ligands, and of the role of exogenous cannabinoids in modulating this process, are providing novel insights into the role of CB2 in maintaining a homeostatic immune balance within the host. Furthermore, these studies suggest that the CB2 may serve as a selective molecular target for therapeutic manipulation of untoward immune responses, including those associated with a variety of neuropathies that exhibit a hyperinflammatory component.
Air-coupled and water immersion sectorized array transducers for industrial and medical endoscopy (2017)

Inspection of large or small pipes is commonly found in many different ultrasonic industrial applications. Pigs are commonly used for large pipes and inspection under working conditions. Small pipes are inspected from inside by using endoscopes, but the distance to be inspected can be limited by the pipe diameter, geometry and section variations. In medical applications, ultrasonic endoscopy are used as diagnosis tool for arteries (IVUS) and the gastrointestinal tract. Flat transducers with conical reflectors have already been proposed for industrial and robotics applications (echolocation) but the main drawback, in the case of endoscopic applications, is the need to keep the transducer aligned with the pipe axis.
Segmentation and Quantification of Human Vessels Using a 3-D Cylindrical Intensity Model (2007)

We introduce a new approach for 3-D segmentation and quantification of vessels. The approach is based on a 3-D cylindrical parametric intensity model, which is directly fitted to the image intensit...
Dynamic monitoring of cytosolic glucose in single astrocytes (2011)

It is becoming increasingly clear that astrocytes are no longer playing a subservient role to neurons in the central nervous system (CNS), and that these cells are being considered as active communication integrators. They respond to neurotransmitters by the regulated release of gliotransmitters. The delay between neurotransmitter activation and the release of gliotransmitters from astrocytes is in the time-domain of subseconds, much slower than the submillisecond synaptic delay. Astrocytes also control microcirculation and provide metabolic support for neurons. However, the dynamics of their energy metabolic response to neurotransmitter application is not known. We here used a FRET glucose nanosensor to dynamically measure the cytosolic glucose concentration in single astrocytes. We show that following the adrenaline or noradrenaline stimulation the availability of cytosolic glucose is increased promptly after stimulation with a time-constant of 116.7 s and 115.9 s, respectively. A decline in cytosolic glucose concentration with a time-constant of 50.7 s was observed during glutamate and 16.7 s during lactate addition to astrocytes, when these were bathed in the presence of extracellular glucose-containing solution, likely reflecting predominant glucose engagement in glycogen synthesis. In contrast, in the glucose-free extracellular solution, glutamate application to astrocytes resulted in a slow increase in cytosolic glucose concentration, consistent with the view that glutamate may be an alternative energy source in hypoglycemic conditions. We conclude that astrocytic cytosolic glucose metabolism responds in the time-domain of tens of seconds, which is slower compared to the whole brain functional magnetic resonance imaging measurements of the local intravascular hemodynamic response.
Sjögren's Syndrome: Diagnosis and Management (2006)

This article reviews current understanding of the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of Sjögren's syndrome. Sjögren's syndrome is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the exocrine glands with multiple nonexocrine features. It is found predominantly in middle-aged women but exists throughout the population. The diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome can be challenging because the cardinal sicca symptoms may be subclinical or attributed to other causes, such as medications or aging. Differential diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome can be confounded by the multiple exocrine manifestations in the mouth, eyes, ears, nose, skin, vagina, and respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, as well as seemingly unrelated nonexocrine involvement in the thyroid, liver, kidneys and the musculoskeletal, vascular and nervous systems. This article concludes that early diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome is crucial to prevent and/or minimize potentially life-threatening complications. Periodic follow-up of patients' status and collaboration between the primary-care physician and the rheumatologist, dentist, ophthalmologist and other specialists are indispensable.
Ring interferometer 950 m long (1977)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text V. Vali and R. W. Shorthill, "Ring interferometer 950 m long," Appl. Opt. 16, 290-291 (1977) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Dexrazoxane Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Injury in Mouse Ovarian Cells1 (2011)

Doxorubicin (DXR) is a frontline chemotherapy agent implicated in unintended ovarian failure in female cancer survivors. The fertility preservation techniques currently available for cancer patients are often time and cost prohibitive and do not necessarily preserve endocrine function. There are no drug-based ovary protection therapies clinically available. This study provides the first investigation using dexrazoxane (Dexra) to limit DXR insult in ovarian tissue. In KK-15 granulosa cells, a 3-h DXR treatment increased double-strand (ds) DNA breaks 40%-50%, as quantified by the neutral comet assay, and dose-dependent cytotoxicity. Dexra exhibited low toxicity in KK-15 cells, inducing no DNA damage and less than 20% cell loss. Cotreating KK-15 cells with Dexra prevented acute DXR-induced dsDNA damage. Similarly, Dexra attenuated the DXR-induced 40%-65% increase in dsDNA breaks in primary murine granulosa cells and cells from in vitro cultured murine ovaries. DXR can cause DNA damage either through a topoisomerase II-mediated pathway, based on DXR intercalation into DNA, or through oxidative stress. Cotreating KK-15 cells with 2 μM Dexra was sufficient to prevent DXR-induced, but not H(2)O(2)-induced, DNA damage. These data indicated the protective effects are likely due to Dexra's inhibition of topoisomerase II catalytic activity. This putative protective agent attenuated downstream cellular responses to DXR, preventing H2AFX activation in KK-15 cells and increasing viability as demonstrated by increasing the DXR lethal dose in KK-15 cells 5- to 8-fold (LD(20)) and primary murine granulosa cells 1.5- to 2-fold (LD(50)). These data demonstrate Dexra protects ovarian cells from DXR insult and suggest that it is a promising tool to limit DXR ovarian toxicity in vivo.
6.6 A 22.5-to-32Gb/s 3.2pJ/b referenceless baud-rate digital CDR with DFE and CTLE in 28nm CMOS (2017)

Baud-rate clock and data recovery circuits (CDRs) are becoming more prevalent in high-speed receiver designs as they offer lower power consumption by sampling the received data only once per UI [1,2]. This reduces the number of front-end comparators and clock distribution networks [1]. However, current baud-rate CDRs require an external reference clock [1,2], adding to the system complexity in pin count and clock generation. While frequency detectors (FDs) allow CDR designs to operate without a reference clock and across a wide capture range [3-5], current FDs are not designed for baud-rate CDRs. As well, current FDs rely on sharp data edges and are not designed for significant ISI caused by channel loss at high data rates [3-5]. This work presents a reference-less baud-rate CDR that operates from 22.5Gb/s to 32Gb/s with channel loss up to -14.8dB at Nyquist. An FD scheme is proposed that automatically controls an adjustable PD to correct any frequency error. This eliminates the need for a separate frequency acquisition loop in the CDR. The CDR, with a CTLE and a 1-tap DFE, is fabricated in 28nm CMOS. The entire receiver consumes 3.2pJ/b at 32Gb/s PRBS-31.
Localized and delocalized charge transport in single-wall carbon-nanotube mats (2000)

We measured the complex dielectric constant in mats of single-wall carbon nanotubes between 2.7 K and 300 K up to 0.5 THz. The data are well understood in a Drude approach with a negligible temperature dependence of the plasma frequency ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{p}$ and scattering time $\ensuremath{\tau}$ with an additional contribution of localized charges. The dielectric properties resemble those of the best ``metallic'' polypyrroles and polyanilines. The absence of metallic islands makes the mats a relevant piece in the puzzle of the interpretation of $\ensuremath{\tau}$ and ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{p}$ in these polymers.
Growing with Confidence and Integrity (2016)

Recent reports by the Bureau of Labor Statistics suggest that the field of accounting will double by 2024, yet, according to the AICPA (American Institute of Certified Public Accountants) and NASBA (National Association of State Boards of Accountancy), the number of students sitting for the CPA exam has stagnated or declined for the last five years.
<i>Mir-17-5p</i>Regulates Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation by Inhibiting Translation of<i>AIB1</i>mRNA (2006)

MicroRNAs are an extensive family of approximately 22-nucleotide-long noncoding RNAs expressed in a wide range of eukaryotes, including humans, and they are important in development and disease. We found that microRNA Mir-17-5p has extensive complementarity to the mRNA of AIB1 (named for "amplified in breast cancer 1"). Cell culture experiments showed that AIB1 expression was downregulated by Mir-17-5p, primarily through translational inhibition. Expression of Mir-17-5p was low in breast cancer cell lines. We also found that downregulation of AIB1 by Mir-17-5p resulted in decreased estrogen receptor-mediated, as well as estrogen receptor-independent, gene expression and decreased proliferation of breast cancer cells. Mir-17-5p also completely abrogated the insulin-like growth factor 1-mediated, anchorage-independent growth of breast cancer cells. Our results reveal that Mir-17-5p has a role as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer cells.
Laminin  1 chain reduces muscular dystrophy in laminin  2 chain deficient mice (2004)

Laminin (LN) alpha2 chain deficiency in humans and mice leads to severe forms of congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD). Here, we investigated whether LNalpha1 chain in mice can compensate for the absence of LNalpha2 chain and prevent the development of muscular dystrophy. We generated mice expressing a LNalpha1 chain transgene in skeletal muscle of LNalpha2 chain deficient mice. LNalpha1 is not normally expressed in muscle, but the transgenically produced LNalpha1 chain was incorporated into muscle basement membranes, and normalized the compensatory changes of expression of certain other laminin chains (alpha4, beta2). In 4-month-old mice, LNalpha1 chain could fully prevent the development of muscular dystrophy in several muscles, and partially in others. The LNalpha1 chain transgene not only reversed the appearance of histopathological features of the disease to a remarkable degree, but also greatly improved health and longevity of the mice. Correction of LNalpha2 chain deficiency by LNalpha1 chain may serve as a paradigm for gene therapy of CMD in patients.
Hospitalised for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: On a Dangerous Route (2012)

In this issue of Respiration, Slenter et al. [1] report on the prognosis of patients following hospital admission for an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this setting of a Dutch University Medical Center, well known for its excellent COPD research, 1 in 4 patients had died within 1 year of discharge after an exacerbation of COPD and half of those surviving had been rehospitalised at least once.Although scary these numbers come as no surprise. Statistics from the same institution 10 years earlier showed a 1-year mortality of 23% and 1-year readmission rate of 55% [2] and this is in line with findings from comparable settings [3,4]. Very few other acute medical admissions carry such a grave prognosis and it makes you wonder whether hospitalised COPD patients are given the attention they require – not that they are poorly managed by health professionals, but rather that health systems seem unable to provide them with both acute and sufficient continued health care management. One could argue that the severity of disease in these patients was such that their prognosis would have been poor even if not admitted. However, the fatality associated with a hospitalisation actually amounts to more than half of the mortality observed in a recent study [5] underlining the severity of a severe exacerbation.The paper by Slenter et al. [1] focuses on predictors of mortality. A number of easily assessable factors are identified and discussed. Not surprisingly, age, male gender and comorbidities were associated with a poor prognosis. A previous hospital admission was also a marker of a poor prognosis, which is not surprising given both the poor prognosis and high risk of readmission seen in this study as well as the previous report from the same institution [1,2]. However, it also demonstrates that having exacerbations – even severe ones – is a trait of significance or a phenotype in line with having frequent exacerbations. Markers of hypercapnic respiratory failure; i.e. arterial pH and Pac o2, are usually markers of a poor prognosis, and both were associated with mortality in univariate analyses and a Pac o2 >6.0 kPa remained significantly associated with mortality in the multivariate model. Interestingly, urea >8.0 mmol/l was associated with an increased risk of death. An elevated urea level is also an indicator in the pneumonia risk score, CURB65, and a recent paper actually showed that CURB65 works well in risk assessment of patients admitted with a severe exacerbation of COPD [6].Taken together, the findings presented by Slenter et al. [1 ]point to the necessity of standardised evaluation of patients admitted with an exacerbation of COPD for the purpose of stratifying both acute and chronic care according to risk factor profiles. In this area – as in so many others – one size does not fit all and it is indeed time for us to act accordingly.
Evaluating the longevity of a PFAS <i>in situ</i> colloidal activated carbon remedy (2019)

Abstract The remediation of per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances by injection of colloidal activated carbon (CAC) at a contaminated site in Central Canada was evaluated using various visualization and modeling methods. Radial diagrams were used to illustrate spatial and temporal trends in perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA) concentrations, as well as various redox indicators. To assess the CAC adsorption capacity for perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), laboratory Freundlich isotherms were derived for PFOS mixed with CAC in two solutions: (1) PFOS in a pH 7.5 synthetic water that was buffered by 1 millimolar NaHCO 3 ( K f = 142,800 mg 1‐a L a /kg and a = 0.59); and (2) a groundwater sample (pH = 7.4) containing PFOS among other PFAS from a former fire‐training area in the United States ( K f = 4,900 mg 1‐a L a /kg and a = 0.24). A mass balance approach was derived to facilitate the numerical modeling of mass redistribution after CAC injection, when mass transitions from a two‐phase system (aqueous and sorbed to organic matter) to a three‐phase system that also includes mass sorbed to CAC. An equilibrium mixing model of mass accumulation over time was developed using a finite‐difference solution and was verified by intermodel comparison for prediction of CAC longevity in the center of a source area. A three‐dimensional reactive transport model (ISR‐MT3DMS) was used to indicate that the CAC remedy implemented at the site is likely to be effective for PFOS remediation for decades. Model results are used to recommend remedial design and monitoring alternatives that account for the uncertainty in long‐term performance predictions.
Up-regulated expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 in non-Hodgkin lymphoma correlates with increased regulatory T-cell infiltration (2013)

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), which is a key enzyme in tryptophan metabolism expressed in some subsets of normal and neoplastic cells, participates in tumor-induced tolerance. However, the mechanisms involved are not clearly understood. A hypothesis suggests that IDO1 may be involved in proliferation and conversion of regulatory T cells (Tregs). In this study, we evaluated the levels of IDO1 and forkhead box P3 (FoxP3) in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) tissues and performed ex vivo experiments to investigate the role of IDO1 on T-cell tolerance in NHL. The results showed that expressions of IDO1 mRNA and protein were coincidentally higher in NHL tissues than in reactive hyperplasia of lymph node tissues. Up-regulation of IDO1 was correlated with later clinical phases, larger tumors and higher serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and indicated a worse prognosis. FoxP3 mRNA and protein levels were markedly increased alongside elevated IDO1 levels. Co-culture of murine CD4 + CD25- T cells with A20 cells could initiate the conversion of CD4 + CD25+ T cells, which showed a suppressive function in the mixed lymphocyte reaction. Moreover, the potent inhibitor of IDO1, 1-methyl-l-tryptophan, attenuated the conversion of CD4 + CD25- T cells into CD4 + CD25+ FoxP3 + T cells. The results suggested that up-regulation of IDO1 in NHL tissues could induce local immune tolerance by favoring development and infiltration of FoxP3 + Tregs through the conversion of CD4 + CD25- T cells into CD4 + CD25+ FoxP3 + T cells in the tumor microenvironment. This could be a novel mechanism of NHL escape from immune control.
Coatings Of Polymers And Plastics (2003)

Overview of the automotive plastics market, Susan J. Babinec and Martin C. Cornell plastics processing, Steven D. Stretch formulating plastics for paint adhesion, Dominic A. Berta polymers for coatings for plastics, J. David Nordstrom performance and durability testing, Philip V. Yaneff painting problems, Clifford K. Schoff recycling of automotive plastics, Rose A. Ryntz alternatives to coatings for automotive plastics norm, Kakarala and Thomas Pickett trends in coatings for automotive plastics and rubber in North America and Europe, Robert Eller automotive plastic coatings in Europe, Hans Christian Gruner and Klaus-Werner Reinhart.