gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of mesophilic and thermophilic composts on suppression of Fusarium root and stem rot of greenhouse cucumber (2000)

Three composts were tested for their ability to suppress root and stem rot caused by the soil borne fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum (FORC) on cucumber. Two of the composts were prepared from separated dairy solids either by windrow (WDS) or vermicomposting (VMC) while the third, obtained from International Bio-Recovery (IBR), was prepared from vegetable refuse using aerobic digestion. Three sets of potting mixes were prepared by mixing the composts with sawdust at varying ratios, and seeded with cucumber cv. Corona. After 14 days of growth in the greenhouse, inoculum of FORC (20 mL of 5 x 10(6) micro-conidia per mL) was applied to each pot at three different times (14, 21, and 35 days). In unamended inoculated pots, the pathogen caused stunted growth and reduced flowers. Amendment of WDS in the potting mix suppressed these symptoms, while VMC and IBR had no effect. All three composts reduced the FORC colony forming units (cfu) at the end of the experiment (10 weeks). There was a large increase of fluorescent bacteria near the vicinity of roots particularly in WDS amended potting mixes. When water extracts of the composts were plated onto acidified potato dextrose agar (APDA), only IBR contained a potent thermostable inhibitor to FORC. This inhibitor was removed by activated charcoal but was not partitioned into petroleum ether at acid, basic, or neutral pH. Inhibition of FORC by IBR was not due to electrical conductivity or trace elements in the compost. Contrasting effectiveness of the WDS and VMC made from the same waste suggests that composting method can influence the disease suppression properties of the finished compost.
Investigating the switching dynamics and multilevel capability of bipolar metal oxide resistive switching memory (2011)

HfO x / AlO x bilayer resistive switching devices were fabricated for the study of the switching dynamics of the metal oxide memory. An exponential voltage-time relationship was experimentally observed as follows: the programming pulse widths need for switching exponentially decreased with the increase in the programming pulse amplitudes. Two following programming schemes were proposed to modulate the high resistance state values: (1) exponentially increase the programming pulse width; (2) linearly increase the programming pulse amplitude. Although both of these schemes were effective to achieve the target resistance, the transient current response measurements suggest the second scheme consumes considerably less energy in the programming. A field-driven oxygen ions migration model was utilized to elucidate the above experimentally observed phenomenon.
On Graduated Optimization for Stochastic Non-Convex Problems (2015)

The graduated optimization approach, also known as the continuation method, is a popular heuristic to solving non-convex problems that has received renewed interest over the last decade. Despite its popularity, very little is known in terms of theoretical convergence analysis. In this paper we describe a new first-order algorithm based on graduated optimiza- tion and analyze its performance. We characterize a parameterized family of non- convex functions for which this algorithm provably converges to a global optimum. In particular, we prove that the algorithm converges to an ε-approximate solution within O(1/ε^2) gradient-based steps. We extend our algorithm and analysis to the setting of stochastic non-convex optimization with noisy gradient feedback, attaining the same convergence rate. Additionally, we discuss the setting of zero-order optimization, and devise a a variant of our algorithm which converges at rate of O(d^2/ε^4).
Introducing a Big Data System for Maintaining Well Data Quality and Integrity in a World of Heterogeneous Environment (2017)

Abstract Oil and gas industry is a data-driven industry as it depends massively on information technology. According to internal statistics, the amount of data coming from upstream alone is doubling every two years. This data arrives through a wide variety of vendors’ sources and is handled by various applications’ repositories. Well data, in specific, is a key asset for such industry throughout the process lifetime from early exploration to production. In practice, companies often tend to create their own well data master repositories that are poorly synchronized between each other and with other databases. This results into well data residing in silos databases with no commonly defined standard. Often, there is little mechanism to cross-validate well data quality across various sources. Thus, maintaining high quality level of definitive versions of well data is a critical activity to any firm's data management strategy. Recently, Big Data technologies have evolved to quickly fetch and analyze large volumes of data that can substantially lead to an improved data quality at reasonable time. In this paper, a novel system is presented to preserve high level of well data quality in a heterogeneous environment. This system utilizes Apache Spark as a main framework for distributed processing and a mid-tier software as a data integration layer. Through a set of defined mapping rules, the system will compare data from multiple databases against the database that hosts the organizational verified data. It is typical for oil and gas companies to dedicate one master database containing the corporate standard well data. So, this database will be used as a source for comparison against well data residing in project repositories. Moreover, the system extends its functionality to cover well sub data types such as headers, check shots, deviation surveys, and picks. The final output is a data quality report that helps in making strategic decisions.
Endogenous γ-H2AX-ATM-Chk2 Checkpoint Activation in Bloom's Syndrome Helicase–Deficient Cells Is Related to DNA Replication Arrested Forks (2007)

The Bloom syndrome helicase (BLM) is critical for genomic stability. A defect in BLM activity results in the cancer-predisposing Bloom syndrome (BS). Here, we report that BLM-deficient cell lines and primary fibroblasts display an endogenously activated DNA double-strand break checkpoint response with prominent levels of phosphorylated histone H2AX (gamma-H2AX), Chk2 (p(T68)Chk2), and ATM (p(S1981)ATM) colocalizing in nuclear foci. Interestingly, the mitotic fraction of gamma-H2AX foci did not seem to be higher in BLM-deficient cells, indicating that these lesions form transiently during interphase. Pulse labeling with iododeoxyuridine and immunofluorescence microscopy showed the colocalization of gamma-H2AX, ATM, and Chk2 together with replication foci. Those foci costained for Rad51, indicating homologous recombination at these replication sites. We therefore analyzed replication in BS cells using a single molecule approach on combed DNA fibers. In addition to a higher frequency of replication fork barriers, BS cells displayed a reduced average fork velocity and global reduction of interorigin distances indicative of an elevated frequency of origin firing. Because BS is one of the most penetrant cancer-predisposing hereditary diseases, it is likely that the lack of BLM engages the cells in a situation similar to precancerous tissues with replication stress. To our knowledge, this is the first report of high ATM-Chk2 kinase activation and its linkage to replication defects in a BS model.
Influence of termination and transfer on molecular weight distribution of polymers, 8. Spontaneous transfer (1987)

Abstract The kinetics of cationic polymerization with instantaneous initiations and spontaneous transfer is treated theoretically. By means of a non‐steady state analysis, rigorous expressions for the molecular weight distribution and other molecular parameters are derived from the set of differential equations without introducing any approximations. The influence of spontaneous transfer on the molecular weight distribution is discussed in detail based on several numerical examples.
Multivalent Binding and Biomimetic Cell Rolling Improves the Sensitivity and Specificity of Circulating Tumor Cell Capture (2018)

<b>Purpose:</b> We aimed to examine the effects of multivalent binding and biomimetic cell rolling on the sensitivity and specificity of circulating tumor cell (CTC) capture. We also investigated the clinical significance of CTCs and their kinetic profiles in patients with cancer undergoing radiotherapy treatment.<b>Experimental Design:</b> Patients with histologically confirmed primary carcinoma undergoing radiotherapy, with or without chemotherapy, were eligible for enrollment. Peripheral blood was collected prospectively at up to five time points, including before radiotherapy, at the first week, mid-point and final week of treatment, as well as 4 to 12 weeks after completion of radiotherapy. CTC capture was accomplished using a nanotechnology-based assay (CapioCyte) functionalized with aEpCAM, aHER-2, and aEGFR.<b>Results:</b> CapioCyte was able to detect CTCs in all 24 cancer patients enrolled. Multivalent binding via poly(amidoamine) dendrimers further improved capture sensitivity. We also showed that cell rolling effect can improve CTC capture specificity (% of captured cells that are CK<sup>+</sup>/CD45<sup>-</sup>/DAPI<sup>+</sup>) up to 38%. Among the 18 patients with sequential CTC measurements, the median CTC decreased from 113 CTCs/mL before radiotherapy to 32 CTCs/mL at completion of radiotherapy (<i>P</i> = 0.001). CTCs declined throughout radiotherapy in patients with complete clinical and/or radiographic response, in contrast with an elevation in CTCs at mid or post-radiotherapy in the two patients with known pathologic residual disease.<b>Conclusions:</b> Our study demonstrated that multivalent binding and cell rolling can improve the sensitivity and specificity of CTC capture compared with multivalent binding alone, allowing reliable monitoring of CTC changes during and after treatment. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 24(11); 2539-47. ©2018 AACR</i>.
Using gated technetium-99m-sestamibi SPECT to characterize fixed myocardial defects as infarct or artifact. (1995)

Gating provides a valuable adjunct to 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT in characterizing fixed defects and potentially improving test specificity.
Computational Models of Spreadsheet Development: Basis for Educational Approaches (2008)

Among the multiple causes of high error rates in spreadsheets, lack of proper training and of deep understanding of the computational model upon which spreadsheet computations rest might not be the least issue. The paper addresses this problem by presenting a didactical model focussing on cell interaction, thus exceeding the atomicity of cell computations. The approach is motivated by an investigation how different spreadsheet systems handle certain computational issues implied from moving cells, copy-paste operations, or recursion.
3D printed metalized-polymer UWB high-gain Vivaldi antennas (2016)

This paper introduces a UWB high gain Vivaldi antenna fabricated with a polymer-based 3D printer. 3D printing technology allows for simple fabrication that is easier, faster, and lower cost compared to traditional microfabrication and metal fabrication techniques. Two 3D printed designs are presented, the first of which is a simple Vivaldi notch antenna with a radiating slotline cavity. The second design consists of a bilateral Vivaldi with a partially covered cavity, which increases the bandwidth and gain of the antenna. Both designs are printed with an acrylic-based polymer, blanket metalized with a thin copper layer, and fed with a 50 Ω coaxial feed. Both antennas show an extremely wide bandwidth of approximately 14 GHz from 4 to 18 GHz. In addition, the maximum gain of the antennas is approximately 12 dB. The measured results match well with the simulated results, showing the potential for these antennas as low cost, wideband, high gain alternatives which could be used in modern UWB communication systems.
뇌졸중 환자에서 Berg 균형검사와 FIM 검사와의 상관관계 (2005)

Objective: To examine the relationship of the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) in stroke patients.
Method: Ninety-two subjects with the first attack of stroke were enrolled to assess BBS, FIM at admission and discharge following rehabilitation programs. We divided subjects into three groups by severity of BBS at the first evaluation. Group I was low BBS (score≤12), Group II was medium BBS (13≤score≤42), and group III was high BBS (score≥43). The admission BBS and the admission FIM, and the admission BBS and the discharge FIM were compared, and also the relationship between them were assessed at the admission and/or discharge.
Results: Admission and discharge BBS of all three groupswere significantly different, respectively (p＜0.01). Admission and discharge FIM of all three groups were also significantly different (p＜0.01). There was highly correlated with admission BBS and admission FIM (r=0.529, p＜0.01), and moderately correlated between admission BBS and discharge FIM (r=0.43, p＜0.05). Also there was high relationship between BBS gain and FIM gain (r=0.516, p＜0.01).
Conclusion: These results indicated that balance function could affect functional ability during rehabilitation programs and BBS was a useful tool to predict discharge functional status in hemiplegic subjects with stroke.
The failure of non‐invasive prenatal testing due to maternal dermatomyositis (2019)

We experienced a case of a pregnant woman who failed to obtain a result from NIPT, due to the high level of total cell-free DNA. A subsequent ultrasound examination discovered that the fetus had severe intrauterine growth restriction, so the woman decided to abort the baby. At the same time, the woman developed slight swelling and tenderness of the proximal interphalangeal and meta-carpophalangeal joints. At first, these symptoms were not noticed, but, when the pregnant woman was admitted to the hospital, her laboratory tests were seriously abnormal, such as serum lactate dehydrogenase (640U/L), creatine phosphor kinase (4525U/L), kinase isoenzyme MB (170U/L), and a hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (398U/L). The patient had no other symptoms at this time. Misoprostol and subsequent forceps curettage were used for the induced abortion, a 167-g female fetus was aborted. Fetal skin tissue was taken for chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) and placenta (biopsied in four places and tested as two composite samples) were taken for postnatal karyotyping to exclude a confined placental mosaicism, chromosomal microarray analysis of the fetal skin tissue revealed that the karyotype was 46, XX, karyotyping of placenta (100 cells) gave results of 46, XX, no abnormalities were detected. Ten days after induction, the patient had developed progressive symmetric muscle weakness in the proximal extremities. Physical examination revealed Gottron's sign and erythema. A manual muscle test showed weakness of the muscles (4/5) of her proximal extremities. Electromyography showed myogenic impairment. After excluding the possibility of neoplasia, the patient was diagnosed with dermatomyositis.
Synthesis of cristobalite from silica sands of Tuban and Tanah Laut (2018)

Synthesis of SiO2 cristobalite powders has been successfully carried out by a coprecipitation method by making use of local silica sands from districts of Tuban and Tanah Laut, Indonesia. Cristobalite is a phase of SiO2 polymorphs which can be used as a composite filler, a coating material, a surface finishing media, and structural ceramics. In the first stage of the synthesis, the as-received sands were processed by a magnetic separation, grinding, and soaking with HCl to increase the purity of silica content. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy showed that the atomic content of Si (excluding oxygen) in both powders reached 95.3 and 97.4%. A coprecipitation process was then performed by dissolving the silica powders in a 7M NaOH solution followed by a titration with 2M HCl to achieve a normal pH and to form a gel. Furthermore, the silica gel is washed, dried and then calcined at a temperature of between 950-1200 °C with a variation of holding time for 1, 4 dan 10 hrs to produce white powders. X-ray diffraction (XRD) data analyses showed that the powder with calcination temperature of 1150 °C for 4 hrs exhibited the highest cristobalite content of up to 95wt%. Its scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image showed that its grain morphology was relatively homogeneous.
Open-path quantum cascade laser-based system for simultaneous remote sensing of methane, nitrous oxide, and water vapor using chirped-pulse differential optical absorption spectroscopy (2015)

Methane and Nitrous Oxide are long-lived greenhouse gases in the atmosphere with significant global warming effects. We report on application of chirped-pulsed quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) to simultaneous measurements of these trace gases in both open-path fence-line and backscatter systems. The intra-pulse thermal frequency chip in a QCL can be time resolved and calibrated to allow for high resolution differential optical absorption spectroscopy over the spectral window of the chip, which for a DFB-QCL can be reach ~2cm<sup>-1</sup> for a 500 nsec pulse. The spectral line-shape of the output from these lasers are highly stable from pulse to pulse over long period of time (> 1 day), and the system does not require frequent calibrations.
Low Density Parity Check Code (LDPC Codes) Overview (2020)

This paper basically expresses the core fundamentals and brief overview of the research of R. G. GALLAGER [1] on Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes and various parameters related to LDPC codes like, encoding and decoding of LDPC codes, code rate, parity check matrix, tanner graph. We also discuss advantages and applications as well as the usage of LDPC codes in 5G technology. We have simulated encoding and decoding of LDPC codes and have acquired results in terms of BER vs SNR graph in MATLAB software. This report was submitted as an assignment in Nirma University
An array of meander Travelling Wave Antennas for near-field UHF-RFID readers (2013)

An array of Travelling Wave Antennas (TWAs) is presented for near-field RFID applications in the UHF band (865–928 MHz). Since TWAs are not resonating structures, the proposed antenna results to be scalable, allowing for an easy integration in commercial readers. The antenna is realized exploiting the coplanar waveguide technology and it is composed by four in-phase radiating elements, in order to obtain strong and uniform fields within a confined volume above the antenna surface. The overall antenna volume is 275 × 135 ×10 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . The meander geometry allows exciting all fields components, making the tag detection almost independent on its location and orientation on the antenna surface. In this paper, preliminary simulated results are discussed in terms of reflection coefficient and electric and magnetic field distributions.
Sequence-to-point learning with neural networks for nonintrusive load monitoring (2016)

Energy disaggregation (a.k.a nonintrusive load monitoring, NILM), a single-channel blind source separation problem, aims to decompose the mains which records the whole house electricity consumption into appliance-wise readings. This problem is difficult because it is inherently unidentifiable. Recent approaches have shown that the identifiability problem could be reduced by introducing domain knowledge into the model. Deep neural networks have been shown to be a promising approach for these problems, but sliding windows are necessary to handle the long sequences which arise in signal processing problems, which raises issues about how to combine predictions from different sliding windows. In this paper, we propose sequence-to-point learning, where the input is a window of the mains and the output is a single point of the target appliance. We use convolutional neural networks to train the model. Interestingly, we systematically show that the convolutional neural networks can inherently learn the signatures of the target appliances, which are automatically added into the model to reduce the identifiability problem. We applied the proposed neural network approaches to real-world household energy data, and show that the methods achieve state-of-the-art performance, improving two standard error measures by 84% and 92%.
Construction of Small Genome BAC Library for Functional and Genomic Applications (2004)

The use of genetic approaches to study bacteria is limited by the following considerations: first, the bacteria must be easy to culture and nonpathogenic; and, second, a broad spectrum of genetic techniques for the particular bacteria being studied must be available. For other bacteria, such as the syphilis-causing spirochete, Treponema pallidum, genetic studies are highly limited because the bacterium cannot be continuously grown in the laboratory, because of its high virulence and a total lack of genetic tools to study this organism.
<b>Biological Coating for Arterial Stents:</b>The Next Evolutionary Change in Stents (2006)

Peritoneum-lined stents offer a novel method to improve patency of lower extremity arterial stents.
Synthesis and Rheological Properties of Long-Chain-Branched Isotactic Polypropylenes Prepared by Copolymerization of Propylene and Nonconjugated Dienes (2004)

Long-chain-branched isotactic polypropylenes (LCBed PP) were synthesized by copolymerizing propylene with a small amount of nonconjugated α,ω-diene (1,9-decadiene or 1,7-octadiene) using the catalyst system of rac-Me2Si(2-MeBenz[e]Ind)2ZrCl2(MBI)/MMAO. In this approach, the LCB structures were introduced by the incorporation of in situ generated macromonomers with pendant 1-octenyl or 1-hexenyl groups during the polymerization. A detailed study on the effects of diene concentration on polymer properties was conducted. Polymer chain microstructures were characterized by 13C NMR, GPCV, and DSC. In the propylene/1,9-decadiene copolymerization, a series of LCBed polymer samples with the long-chain-branch density (LCBD) of up to 0.53 branch structures per 1000 carbons were produced with the diene concentrations of 0.177−3.54 mmol/L at 40 and 25 °C. A diene concentration of 35.4 mmol/L yielded cross-linked polymer gels. In the copolymerization of propylene and 1,7-octadiene, in addition to a small fraction of LCB structures produced, a cyclic seven-member ring structure was observed due to the cycloaddition of 1,7-octadiene. The cyclization significantly decreased the LCBD in the polymers. A small-amplitude oscillatory shear flow measurement was conducted to evaluate the rheological properties of the LCBed polymers. Compared to the linear samples prepared at the same polymerization conditions, the LCBed polymers exhibited enhanced low-frequency complex viscosity, improved shear-thinning, increased dynamic moduli, and reduced phase angle. The samples also showed thermorheological complexity and enhanced activation energy at low frequencies. These particular properties are related to the LCB in the polymers and become more significant with the increase of LCBD. The LCBed polypropylenes were also blended with their counterpart linear samples and demonstrated the improvement of rheological properties.