gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Twitter Polarity Classification with Label Propagation over Lexical Links and the Follower Graph (2011)

There is high demand for automated tools that assign polarity to microblog content such as tweets (Twitter posts), but this is challenging due to the terseness and informality of tweets in addition to the wide variety and rapid evolution of language in Twitter. It is thus impractical to use standard supervised machine learning techniques dependent on annotated training examples. We do without such annotations by using label propagation to incorporate labels from a maximum entropy classifier trained on noisy labels and knowledge about word types encoded in a lexicon, in combination with the Twitter follower graph. Results on polarity classification for several datasets show that our label propagation approach rivals a model supervised with in-domain annotated tweets, and it outperforms the noisily supervised classifier it exploits as well as a lexicon-based polarity ratio classifier. 1
Determining reflectance properties of an object using range and brightness images (1991)

The authors discuss a method of recovering reflectance properties of a surface from a range image given by a range finder and a brightness image given by a standard TV camera. The Torrance-Sparrow model is used for the reflectance model. The model consists of the Lambertian and specular components: its reflectance properties consist of the relative strength between the Lambertian and specular components and specular sharpness as well as light source direction. An iterative least square fitting method is used to obtain these parameters based on the range and brightness images. An input image is segmented into four different parts using the parameters: Lambertian reflection, specular reflection, interreflection, and shadow part. The authors also reconstruct ideal images that consist of only Lambertian or specular reflection.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Rapid generation of uniform cellular structure by using prefabricated unit cells (2016)

Cellular structures are one of the effective ways to produce parts with higher resource efficiency by reducing material and time used. These complex structures can be built by using Additive Manufacturing (AM) which is hardly achievable by using traditional subtractive manufacturing. Cellular structures can be designed and modelled according to desired, specific properties. However, the modelling can be time and resource consuming, due to the complexity and the size of the structure. This article proposes a modelling technique for rapid generation of cellular structure. The method works based on a concept of a hybrid B-Rep and polygon approach. Prefabrication of unit cell kernels is introduced to shorten time in a populating phase, which results in a significant reduction of modelling time, especially for a structure with a large number of cells. The implementation of this method by using open-source library, Open Cascade Technology (OCCT) and Visualization Toolkits (VTK), is also presented.
Injection tuning of a pulsed TEA CO_2 laser (1977)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text D. P. Hutchinson and K. L. Vander Sluis, "Injection tuning of a pulsed TEA CO2 laser," Appl. Opt. 16, 293-294 (1977) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
In Vivo Imaging Reveals Distinct Inflammatory Activity of CNS Microglia versus PNS Macrophages in a Mouse Model for ALS (2011)

Mutations in the enzyme superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) cause hereditary variants of the fatal motor neuronal disease Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Pathophysiology of the disease is non-cell-autonomous: neurotoxicity is derived not only from mutant motor neurons but also from mutant neighbouring non-neuronal cells. In vivo imaging by two-photon laser-scanning microscopy was used to compare the role of microglia/macrophage-related neuroinflammation in the CNS and PNS using ALS-linked transgenic SOD1(G93A) mice. These mice contained labeled projection neurons and labeled microglia/macrophages. In the affected lateral spinal cord (in contrast to non-affected dorsal columns), different phases of microglia-mediated inflammation were observed: highly reactive microglial cells in preclinical stages (in 60-day-old mice the reaction to axonal transection was ∼180% of control) and morphologically transformed microglia that have lost their function of tissue surveillance and injury-directed response in clinical stages (reaction to axonal transection was lower than 50% of control). Furthermore, unlike CNS microglia, macrophages of the PNS lack any substantial morphological reaction while preclinical degeneration of peripheral motor axons and neuromuscular junctions was observed. We present in vivo evidence for a different inflammatory activity of microglia and macrophages: an aberrant neuroinflammatory response of microglia in the CNS and an apparently mainly neurodegenerative process in the PNS.
Recent Progress in the Joining of Titanium Alloys to Ceramics (2018)

The prospect of joining titanium alloys to advanced ceramics and producing components with extraordinary and unique properties can expand the range of potential applications. This is extremely attractive in components for the automotive and aerospace industries where combining high temperature resistance, wear resistance and thermal stability with low density materials, good flowability and high oxidation resistance is likely. Therefore, a combination of distinct properties and characteristics that would not be possible through conventional production routes is expected. Due to the differences between the coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) and Young's modulus of metals and ceramics, the most appropriate methods for such dissimilar bonding are brazing, diffusion bonding, and transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding. For the joining of titanium alloys to ceramics, brazing appears to be the most promising and cost-effective process although diffusion bonding and TLP bonding have clear advantages in the production of reliable joints. However, several challenges must be overcome to successfully produce these dissimilar joints. In this context, the purpose of this review is to point out the same challenges and the most recent advances that have been investigated to produce reliable titanium alloys and ceramic joints.
Regulation of Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling (MAVS) Expression and Signaling by the Mitochondria-associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane (MAM) Protein Gp78 (2013)

In a previous study, we identified the E3 ubiquitin ligase Gp78 by RNAi high-throughput screening as a gene whose depletion restricted enterovirus infection. In the current study, we show that Gp78, which localizes to the ER-mitochondria interface, is a regulator of RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) antiviral signaling. We show that depletion of Gp78 results in a robust decrease of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infection and a corresponding enhancement of type I interferon (IFN) signaling. Mechanistically, we show that Gp78 modulates type I IFN induction by altering both the expression and signaling of the mitochondria-localized RLR adaptor mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS). Expression of mutants of Gp78 that abolish its E3 ubiquitin ligase and its participation in ER-associated degradation (ERAD) lost their ability to degrade MAVS, but surprisingly maintained their ability to repress RLR signaling. In contrast, Gp78 lacking its entire C terminus lost both its ability to degrade MAVS and repress RLR signaling. We show that Gp78 interacts with both the N- and C-terminal domains of MAVS via its C-terminal RING domain, and that this interaction is required to abrogate Gp78-mediated attenuation of MAVS signaling. Our data thus implicate two parallel pathways by which Gp78 regulates MAVS signaling; one pathway requires its E3 ubiquitin ligase and ERAD activity to directly degrade MAVS, whereas the other pathway occurs independently of these activities, but requires the Gp78 RING domain and occurs via a direct association between this region and MAVS.
Muscle activity measurement using visible light and infrared (2019)

This article describes possibilities of using optical sensor MAX30105 as a tool for muscle activity detection and measurement. On the beginning, there is a preview to another works, where muscle activity was measured for different purposes and with a number of methods. Own measurement with the usage of visible light as well as near infrared was focused on upper limbs, especially on forearm and shoulder muscles. These data are compared with signals registered with gyroscope and one channel electromyography (EMG). Some measurements were done on several volunteers in order to confirm the effectiveness of this method.
An Effective Approach to Biomedical Information Extraction with Limited Training Data (2011)

Overall, the two main contributions of this work include the application of sentence simplification to association extraction as described above, and the use of distributional semantics for concept extraction. The proposed work on concept extraction amalgamates for the first time two diverse research areas -distributional semantics and information extraction. This approach renders all the advantages offered in other semi-supervised machine learning systems, and, unlike other proposed semi-supervised approaches, it can be used on top of different basic frameworks and algorithms. http://gradworks.umi.com/34/49/3449837.html
Peak-current-mode-controlled buck converter with positive feedforward control (2009)

The closed-loop control stability of a switching converter can be compromised when the source voltage is not an ideal voltage source, but presents finite Theacutevenin impedance. This phenomenon is called source subsystem interaction. As an active approach to improve the stability degraded by the source subsystem interaction, the positive feedforward (PFF) control is proposed for the peak-current-mode-controlled buck converter. PFF control stabilizes the input port in the frequency range where the source subsystem interaction affects system stability, while allowing the feedback controller to maintain tight output voltage regulation at lower frequencies. The approach results in greatly improved stability with a slight reduction of output feedback control bandwidth. Small-signal models are developed based on g-parameter representation. The design technique of the positive feedforward controller is discussed. Also, the total system stability is analyzed based on the unified impedance criterion. This approach is validated by simulation.
Resilience to Vibration of a Tuning Fork MEMS Gyroscope (2016)

This paper investigates the resilience to mechanical vibration of tuning fork MEMS gyroscopes and presents the limitations of this device. We focus our study on mechanical vibrations near the first three resonance frequencies corresponding to the in-phase and anti-phase drive modes and the sense mode. This original work quantifies the rejection capability of the anti-phase mode to external vibrations in comparison to the in-phase mode resulting in a ratio of 390. In-phase frequency mechanical vibrations can result in mechanical non-linearities visible in the gyroscope response. This paper demonstrates also the strong impact of the in-phase mode on the gyroscope operation leading to failure when it is excited simultaneously with the anti-phase mode. This issue is common to tuning fork gyroscopes and only phase mode control or shift to higher frequencies can preserve normal gyroscope operation at the bandwidth 0 – 50 kHz.
A Comparative Analysis of “”and Liberalism (2012)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsYing LIUYing LIU, Ph. D., associate Professor, College of Literature & Journalism, Sichuan University. Her academic interests cover the field of Comparative Literature, Linguistics and Translation Studies.
Al:SiO thin films for organic light-emitting diodes (2004)

Al:SiO cermet thin films were synthesized by thermal coevaporation. Physical properties of these thin films were characterized by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, current–voltage, and optical absorption measurement. The data show that the Al:SiO films consist of crystalline Al islands embedded in an amorphous network of mixed Si, SiO2, and Al2O3 as Al weight percentage exceeds ∼50%. It is found that the size of Al islands increases with increasing Al concentration, which leads to a dramatic reduction in resisitivity and optical transmittance. A multilayered SiO:Al/Al/LiF structure has been utilized as a cathode for top-emission organic light-emitting diode (TOLED). A model based on Fabry–Pérot cavity has been used to simulate the TOLED light emission spectra. The results indicate that Al:SiO films can also be used as a semitransparent mirror for a half-wavelength planar microcavity light-emitting diode.
Neurokinin‐3 Receptor Activation in the Retrochiasmatic Area is Essential for the Full Pre‐Ovulatory <scp>Luteinising Hormone</scp> Surge in Ewes (2014)

Neurokinin B (NKB) is essential for human reproduction and has been shown to stimulate luteinising hormone (LH) secretion in several species, including sheep. Ewes express the neurokinin-3 receptor (NK3R) in the retrochiasmatic area (RCh) and there is one report that placement of senktide, an NK3R agonist, therein stimulates LH secretion that resembles an LH surge in ewes. In the present study, we first confirmed that local administration of senktide to the RCh produced a surge-like increase in LH secretion, and then tested the effects of this agonist in two other areas implicated in the control of LH secretion and where NK3R is found in high abundance: the preoptic area (POA) and arcuate nucleus (ARC). Bilateral microimplants containing senktide induced a dramatic surge-like increase in LH when given in the POA similar to that seen with RCh treatment. By contrast, senktide treatment in the ARC resulted in a much smaller but significant increase in LH concentrations suggestive of an effect on tonic secretion. The possible role of POA and RCh NK3R activation in the LH surge was next tested by treating ewes with SB222200, an NK3R antagonist, in each area during an oestradiol-induced LH surge. SB222200 in the RCh, but not in the POA, reduced the LH surge amplitude by approximately 40% compared to controls, indicating that NK3R activation in the former region is essential for full expression of the pre-ovulatory LH surge. Based on these data, we propose that the actions of NKB in the RCh are an important component of the pre-ovulatory LH surge in ewes.
Natural antibodies can inhibit bone marrow engraftment in the rat----mouse species combination (1991)

Specific tolerance can be induced in animals by transplanting hemopoietic cells across concordant species barriers. Despite the fact that the rat-mouse species combination is considered concordant, we have recently demonstrated that normal murine serum contains natural antibodies (nAb), predominantly of the IgM and IgG3 subclasses, with markedly greater binding to rat bone marrow cells (BMC) than to rat splenocytes or thymocytes. Since much greater numbers of rat BMC than of allogeneic murine BMC are required to achieve engraftment in mice, we considered the possibility that these nAbs might be responsible, and that the increased numbers of BMC might be required to absorb these nAb. To evaluate the effect of these nAb on engraftment of rat BMC in mice, we have now performed adoptive transfer studies using T and B cell-deficient severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) mice as recipients. Administration of as few as 5 x 10(5) T cell-depleted rat BMC led to induction of stable xenochimerism in SCID mice conditioned with 4-Gy whole body irradiation. Rat T cells developed after a delay of several weeks, and conferred the ability to reject non-donor-type rat skin grafts, whereas donor-type grafts were accepted. Adoptive transfer of 4 ml of normal BALB/c serum led to a marked reduction in the level of rat chimerism in SCID recipients of 2 x 10(6) F344 BMC. The ability of sera to inhibit engraftment of rat BMC correlated with their cytotoxic nAb content, and the inhibitory effect of highly cytotoxic sera could be overcome by administration of large numbers of rat BMC. Thus, normal mouse serum has a limited ability to hinder engraftment of rat BMC, and this degree of resistance can be overcome by adsorption when large numbers of BMC are administered. Eliminating nAb from serum may be more difficult in discordant species combinations in recipients with functional B cells, but may likewise permit the use of BMT as a means of inducing transplantation tolerance.
Quantification of cerebral arterial blood volume using arterial spin labeling with intravoxel incoherent motion‐sensitive gradients (2006)

Quantification of cerebral arterial blood volume (CBVa) is important for understanding vascular regulation. To enable measurement of CBVa with diffusion-weighted (DW) arterial spin labeling (ASL), a theoretical framework was developed using the effects of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM). The pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*) in the IVIM model was evaluated at 9.4 T in DW-ASL of rat brain under isoflurane anesthesia by variations of both post-labeling delay (w) and magnetization transfer ratio (MTR). D* and its volume fraction decreased at values of w>or=0.3 s, and the normalized apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) increased with MTR, suggesting that D* is closely correlated with CBVa. Thus, the difference between ASL measurements with and without DW gradients is related to CBVa. The CBVa values measured by this approach were compared with values obtained using the modulation of tissue and vessel (MOTIVE) technique with ASL, which varies MT levels without changing spin labeling efficiency. CBVa values from both methods were highly correlated. The measured CBVa values were linearly correlated with cerebral blood flow (CBF) for a PaCO2 range of 25-50 mmHg; DeltaCBVa (ml/100 g)=0.007 (min-1)xDeltaCBF (ml/100 g/min). The DW-ASL approach is simple and easy to implement for human and animal CBVa studies.
PhotochemCAD 2: A Refined Program with Accompanying Spectral Databases for Photochemical Calculations<sup>¶</sup> (2005)

ABSTRACT The PhotochemCAD program has been revised extensively. Calculations can be performed using eight modules (oscillator strength, transition dipole moment and natural radiative lifetime, Förster energy transfer, multicomponent analysis, blackbody radiator, artificial spectrum creation, transmission calculation, and analysis of energy transfer among linear multichromophore arrays). The user interface has been streamlined to facilitate visual display, operation of the various modules, input of user data via a wizard and output of spectra and calculations. The database of absorption and fluorescence spectra has been expanded to 150 photochemically relevant compounds. A database of solar spectra has been added. The program runs under Windows and is equipped with extensive literature references and help features, including a tutorial section with video files.
Expression of a neuronal Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, CaM kinase-Gr, in rat thymus. (1991)

The regional and tissue-specific expression of the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, CaM kinase-Gr, were examined. The Mr 65,000 alpha-polypeptide of CaM kinase-Gr is expressed ubiquitously in different anatomical regions of rat brain, whereas an additional Mr 67,000 beta-polypeptide is observed solely in the cerebellum. The alpha-polypeptide appears in the neonatal rat forebrain and cerebellum, whereas the beta-polypeptide appears by the second postnatal week and may reflect cerebellar granule cell differentiation. Most peripheral tissues do not express either CaM kinase-Gr polypeptide. However, rat thymus and thymocytes derived therefrom express CaM kinase-Gr at levels comparable to those of the central nervous system. The identity of the enzyme in rat thymus was corroborated by immunoblot assays, Northern blots, and direct enzyme purification. Rat spleen and testis also produce CaM kinase-Gr, but at lower levels than either thymus or brain. These observations demonstrate selective regional and developmental expression of CaM kinase-Gr polypeptide in brain, and suggest that it may participate in Ca2+ signalling in cells derived both from the immune system as well as the central nervous system.
Putative susceptibility markers of coronary artery disease: association between <i>VDR</i> genotype, smoking, and aromatic DNA adduct levels in human right atrial tissue (1998)

Cancer and cardiovascular diseases share risk factors such as smoking, and the onset of both diseases have been suggested to have a common mechanistic basis. The binding of carcinogens to DNA (carcinogen-DNA adducts), genetic polymorphisms in carcinogen-detoxifying enzymes glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), and genetic polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) are among the candidates for modifiers of cancer risk. We determined whether these biomarkers could be related to individual characteristics of patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases. For that purpose, DNA from the right atrial appendage of 41 patients who underwent open heart surgery was analyzed for smoking-related DNA adducts and polymorphisms in GSTM1, GSTT1, and VDR genes. Statistical analysis was used to identify any patient's characteristics associated with these molecular markers. Our results showed that heart tissue of cigarette smokers contained a variety of aromatic DNA adducts in significantly elevated levels compared to ex-smokers (P<0.01) or nonsmokers (P<0.001). A linear relationship was observed between DNA adduct levels and daily cigarette smoking (rs=0.73; P=0.0003). Since cardiac myocytes are terminally differentiated cells that have lost their ability to divide and seemingly have limited DNA repair capacities, their levels might accumulate with time and thereby affect heart cell function or viability. Substantial interindividual differences between DNA adduct levels were observed, and persons with severe coronary artery disease (CAD), as assessed by coronary angiography, had higher DNA adduct levels than persons with no or mild CAD (P=0.04). As polymorphisms in GST genes have been shown to modulate DNA adduct levels and risk for lung cancer in smokers, we explored for the first time whether the GST polymorphisms could also explain deviating heart DNA adduct levels and CAD risk. However, no relation could be found between these covariants. In contrast, a VDR genotype, which has been associated with decreased serum levels of the active hormonal form of vitamin D and increased risk for certain cancers, seemed to be related to severity of CAD (P=0.025). Our findings support the hypothesis that smoking-related DNA damage may be involved in the onset of cardiovascular diseases and suggest that VDR genotype may be a useful susceptibility marker of CAD.
Development of capacitive MEMS microphone based on slit-edge for high signal-to-noise ratio (2018)

In this paper, a capacitive MEMS microphone has been developed by using a slit membrane. This microphone is composed of a membrane with slit structures, a back-plate, a back-chamber (determining an acoustic inlet), and an air gap in-between the membrane and the back-plate. As a sound is entered on the microphone, the slit membrane is oscillating whereas the back-plate is fixed. As a result, the microphone detects a sound level by a capacitance variance between the back-plate and the membrane. The membrane is flexible because of the slit structure, and thus the MEMS microphone shows high sensitivity.
Analysis of Respiratory Sounds: State of the Art (2008)

The next step will consist in finding new markers so as to increase the efficiency of decision aid algorithms and tools.