gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fundamental characteristics of degradation- recoverable solid-state DFB polymer laser (2012)

A novel solid-state dye laser with degradation recovery was proposed and demonstrated. Polydimethylsiloxane was used as a nanoporous solid matrix to enable the internal circulation of dye molecules in the solid state. An internal circulation model for the dye molecules was also proposed and verified numerically by assuming molecular mobility and using a proposed diffusion equation. The durability of the laser was increased 20.5-fold compared with that of a conventional polymethylmethacrylate laser. This novel laser solves the low-durability problem of dye-doped polymer lasers.
Validation of the mapping accuracy of a novel non-invasive epicardial and endocardial electrophysiology system (2015)

The novel NEEES was able to correctly identify the site of pacing from various endo- and epicardial sites with high accuracy.
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Substituted Phenylpropanoic Acid Derivatives as Human Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Activators. Discovery of Potent and Human Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor α Subtype-Selective Activators (2003)

Substituted phenylpropanoic acid derivatives were prepared as part of a search for subtype-selective human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) activators. Structure-activity relationship studies indicated that the nature and the stereochemistry of the substituent at the alpha-position of the head part containing the carboxyl group, the distance between the carboxyl group and the central benzene ring, the linking group between the central benzene ring and the distal benzene ring, and the substituent at the distal hydrophobic tail part of the molecule all play key roles in determining the potency and selectivity of PPAR subtype transactivation. This study has led to the identification of potent and human PPARalpha selective optically active alpha-alkylphenylpropanoic acid derivatives, which will be useful not only as pharmacological tools to investigate the physiology and pathophysiology of PPARalpha but also as candidate drugs for the treatment of altered metabolic homeostasis, such as dyslipidemia, obesity, and diabetes.
A pulse-to-static conversion latch with a self-timed control circuit (1997)

The design and experimental demonstration of a low-power pulse-to-static conversion latch circuit is described. The circuit includes self-timed control and a 64-bit latch array, both designed utilizing self-resetting CMOS (SRCMOS) circuit techniques. The self-timed feature of the control requires only one system clock input. The evaluation, reset and write-enable controls are all generated within a control macro. The latch is level sensitive scan design (LSSD) compatible and complies with SRCMOS test modes. Use of these latches facilitates the synchronization, pipelined operation, power-management, and testing of advanced digital systems employing a mix of static and dynamic circuits to achieve high performance. An experimental 64-bit latch array and self-timed control macro, designed for 2.5 V-0.5 /spl mu/m CMOS technology, has been successfully fabricated and tested. The full circuit occupies an area of 1.704 mm/spl times/0.07 mm, and the size of latch bit cell is 21.6 /spl mu/m/spl times/70 /spl mu/m. Experimental results have shown the conversion latch to function properly, capturing 1.2 ns output pulses from an SRCMOS register file, and properly converting them to static levels. The measured delay from global clock to static output was 725 ps.
Validation and refinement of hyperspectral/multispectral atmospheric compensation using shadowband radiometers (2005)

First-principles atmospheric compensation of Earth-viewing spectral imagery requires atmospheric property information derived from the image itself or measured independently. A field experiment was conducted in May, 2003 at Davis, CA to investigate the consistency of atmospheric properties and surface reflectances derived from simultaneous ground-, aircraft- and satellite-based spectral measurements. The experiment involved the simultaneous collection of HyMap hyperspectral and Landsat-7 multispectral imagery, in situ reflectance spectra of calibration surfaces, and sun and sky radiances from ultraviolet and visible multifilter rotating shadowband radiometers (MFRSRs). The data were analyzed using several different radiation transport and atmospheric compensation algorithms. Reasonable self-consistency was found between aerosol property retrievals from the radiometers and from dark pixels of the imagery, and, when using the most accurate algorithm, there was excellent agreement between the retrieved surface spectra and the ground truth measurements.
Nonsteroidal inhibitors of human type I steroid 5-.alpha.-reductase (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNonsteroidal inhibitors of human type I steroid 5-.alpha.-reductaseCharles D. Jones, James E. Audia, David E. Lawhorn, Loretta A. McQuaid, Blake L. Neubauer, Andrew J. Pike, Pamela A. Pennington, Nancy B. Stamm, Richard E. Toomey, and Kenneth S. HirschCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1993, 36, 3, 421–423Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00055a014https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00055a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views429Altmetric-Citations84LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Effect of phase separation and adsorbed water on power consumption and current efficiency of terpolymer conetwork-based anion exchange membrane (2014)

We report the preparation of a new type of anion exchange membrane (AEM) from a random terpolymer of poly n-butyl acrylate (PnBA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and poly(2-dimethyl aminoethyl)methacrylate (PDMA) through quaternization and cross-linking. Moderate amounts of hydrophobic and soft PnBA (ca. 18 wt%) in the terpolymer considerably influenced the electrochemical properties and desalination performance of the membrane. Standardization experiments revealed that a membrane (AEM-2) prepared from a terpolymer containing 18 wt% PnBA, 50 wt% PAN and 32 wt% PDMA exhibited low power consumption (W) (0.66–0.95 kW h kg−1) and high current efficiency (CE) (94–96%) at an applied potential of 1.5–2 volts per cell pair during the desalination of water (containing 2000 mg L−1 NaCl) via electrodialysis (ED). On the other hand, membranes prepared from the bi-component PAN-co-PDMA with a similar PDMA content (28–34 wt%) exhibited a relatively higher W (0.94–1.32 kW h kg−1) and lower CE (68–80%) under similar experimental conditions compared to AEM-2. The remarkable effect of hydrophobic PnBA on AEM-2 performance is attributed to the nanophase separation of quaternized PAN-co-PDMA domains, low degree of water uptake (12%) along with the absence of freezing bound water in the membrane. Rapid desalination (low W) with high CE by five pairs of alternative AEM-2 and standard cation exchange membrane in the ED unit (13 × 5 cm2) shows promise for the development of en energy efficient ED unit.
Fluorescence Lifetime Spectroscopic Imaging with Measurements of Photon Migration<sup>a</sup> (1998)

Frequency-domain measurements of photon migration are coupled with a model of fluorescence generation and propagation in order to develop a method for reconstructing maps of fluorescent properties within interior tissue volumes from exterior measurements at the air-tissue interface. Simulation results confirm the feasibility of optical imaging through the use of exogenously administered contrast agents on the basis of fluorophore decay kinetics and yield. Experimental measurements using single-pixel and multipixel devices illustrate that the contrast owing to exogenous fluorescence exceeds that owing to absorption or scattering caused by endogenous chromophores or tissue structure and owing to absorption caused by exogenous contrast agents.
Structure-Activity Studies of the C-Terminal Region of the Endothelins and the Sarafotoxins (1991)

Peptides corresponding to the C-terminal 16-21 hexapeptide of the endothelins (-His-Leu-Asp-Ile-Ile-Trp) and sarafotoxins (a-c) (-His-Gln-Asp-Val-Ile-Trp) were prepared to study the role of the individual amino acids in receptor recognition and activation. Receptor binding in rabbit aorta, rabbit pulmonary artery, and rat heart ventricle is reported for all analogues. In addition, selected C-terminal hexapeptides have been evaluated functionally in two tissues (rabbit pulmonary artery and rat left atria). The C-terminal carboxylate, indole nitrogen, and nature of the aromatic residue are all important for receptor binding, but N-terminal acetylation has no effect. L-Amino acids are required in positions 19 and 21, whereas D-amino acids are tolerated in 17 and 18. D-Amino acids in positions 16 and 20 enhance the binding affinity of the hexapeptide in all three tissues. The nature of the basic residue at position 16 is important. Glu and Asn are acceptable substitutions for Asp18, although Ala leads to a substantial loss in binding. The binding of the C-terminal hexapeptide of SRTX-a, -b, and -c is less than ET[16-21] and this appears to be primarily due to the substitution of Gln for Leu17. None of the 16-21 hexapeptides showed any functional activity in the tissues studied.
MEASURING ODOR CONCENTRATION WITH AN ELECTRONIC NOSE (2001)

The Adaptive Logic Network (ALN) software, a type of artificial neural network (ANN), was used to develop afunction to convert the measurements of a commercially available electronic nose into odor concentrations. A data set wasdeveloped by evaluating odor samples with both an olfactometer and the electronic nose. The odor concentrations measuredwith the olfactometer served as observed values, and the responses of a 32sensor array in the electronic nose, together withthe humidity of the odor sample and reference air, served as input variables. By applying a principal component analysis,the number of input variables in the data set was reduced from 34 to 3, which represented 99% of the variance. This datapreprocessing procedure is crucial to the success of using the ALN. Welltrained ALNs combined with an electronic nose canmeasure odor concentrations with about 20% mean error.
Dynamics of Fibrovascular Tissue Ingrowth in Hydrogel Foams (1995)

We have investigated and quantified the degree of fibrovascular tissue ingrowth in cylindrical poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) foams of 12.5 mm diameter, 5 mm thickness, and 71% porosity implanted in the mesentery of rats over a period of 25 days. Fibrovascular tissue penetrated the center of PVA foams 5 days postimplantation yet the void fraction available for cell seeding was 55% and the volume average pore diameter was 190 (±39) μm. By 10 days postimplantation the void fraction had decreased to 32% and the volume average pore diameter was 121 (±20) μm. As time elapsed fibrovascular tissue continued to expand and fill the remaining pore space. At 15 days postimplantation the void space was impractical for cell seeding and continued to decrease through the remainder of the study. Our data suggest that hydrogel foams with a polydispersed pore morphology can be prevascularized with adequate space for cell seeding as the volume of tissue penetrating the foam is limited by the smaller pores in the foam structure; however, available void space for cell seeding decreases with time.
Visualization of clay and frozen substances inside porous rocks using X-ray micro-computed tomography (2013)

This study presents experimental approaches for the investigation of ice, gas-hydrates and clays inside the porous medium of artificial and natural rocks. We show that X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) with the application of special contrast agents can be used as an effective method for the visualization of the distribution of substances in three dimensions. This information can be used for the modelling of different phenomena including the migration of ions, fluid flow, and formation damage by clay particles.
Oxygenated fluorinated methacrylamide chitosan hydrogel dressings enhance wound healing through improvement in targeted metabolic processes (2016)

Frontiers Events is a rapidly growing calendar management system dedicated to the scheduling of academic events. This includes announcements and invitations, participant listings and search functionality, abstract handling and publication, related events and post-event exchanges. Whether an organizer or participant, make your event a Frontiers Event!
Towards Printed Organic Light‐Emitting Devices: A Solution‐Stable, Highly Soluble Cu<sup>I</sup>–NHetPHOS (2016)

The development of iridium-free, yet efficient emitters with thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) was an important step towards mass production of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Progress is currently impeded by the low solubility and low chemical stability of the materials. Herein, we present a Cu<sup>I</sup> -based TADF emitter that is sufficiently chemically stable under ambient conditions and can be processed by printing techniques. The solubility is drastically enhanced (to 100 g L<sup>-1</sup> ) in relevant printing solvents. The integrity of the complex is preserved in solution, as was demonstrated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy and other techniques. In addition, it was found that the optoelectronic properties are not affected even when partly processing under ambient conditions. As a highlight, we present a TADF-based OLED device that reached an efficiency of 11±2 % external quantum efficiency (EQE).
MicroRNA-133a Protects Against Myocardial Fibrosis and Modulates Electrical Repolarization Without Affecting Hypertrophy in Pressure-Overloaded Adult Hearts (2009)

These results reveal striking differences between in vitro and in vivo phenotypes of miR expression, and further suggest that mRNA signatures do not reliably predict either direct miR targets or major miR effects.
Competent Genetic-Evolutionary Optimization of Water Distribution Systems (2001)

A genetic algorithm has been applied to the optimal design and rehabilitation of a water distribution system. Many of the previous applications have been limited to small water distribution systems, where the computer time used for solving the problem has been relatively small. In order to apply genetic and evolutionary optimization technique to a large-scale water distribution system, this paper employs one of competent genetic-evolutionary algorithms—a messy genetic algorithm to enhance the efficiency of an optimization procedure. A maximum flexibility is ensured by the formulation of a string and solution representation scheme, a fitness definition, and the integration of a well-developed hydraulic network solver that facilitate the application of a genetic algorithm to the optimization of a water distribution system. Two benchmark problems of water pipeline design and a real water distribution system are presented to demonstrate the application of the improved technique. The results obtained show that the number of the design trials required by the messy genetic algorithm is consistently fewer than the other genetic algorithms.
(Invited) Evaluation of Stacked Nanowires Transistors for CMOS: Performance and Technology Opportunities (2016)

Stacked-NW FETs pave the way for significant increase in device effective width over FinFET and FDSOI. An increase of performance and/or a decrease of device footprint is expected by using thin and wide NW channels also known as nanosheets or nanoplates. This paper points out Gate Last integration issues of stacked-NWs. Two solutions labeled as NW First and NW Last are presented featuring internal spacer formation. A demonstration of self-aligned gate and spacers is proposed, involving Hydrogen Silsesquioxane (HSQ) lithography through silicon channels.
A Novel Saw Device in CMOS: Design, Modeling, and Fabrication (2007)

The design, finite element modeling, fabrication, and characterization of a novel surface acoustic wave (SAW) delay line for bio/chemical and telecommunication applications in CMOS technology are introduced. A full modeling was carried out. The devices are designed in a standard semiconductor foundry 1.5-mum two-metal two-poly process. A unique maskless postprocessing sequence is designed and completed. The three postprocessing steps are fully compatible with any standard integrated circuit technology such as CMOS. This allows any signal control/processing circuitry to be easily integrated on the same chip. ZnO is used as the piezoelectric material for SAW generation. A thorough characterization and patterning optimization of the sputtered ZnO was carried out. The major novelties that are introduced in the SAW delay line features are the embedded heater elements for temperature control, compensation, and acoustic absorbers that are designed to eliminate edge reflections and minimize triple transit interference that is amplified by edge reflections. Both of these attributes are designed by using CMOS materials without disturbing SAW performance
Graphene-Based Supercapacitor with an Ultrahigh Energy Density (2010)

A supercapacitor with graphene-based electrodes was found to exhibit a specific energy density of 85.6 Wh/kg at room temperature and 136 Wh/kg at 80 °C (all based on the total electrode weight), measured at a current density of 1 A/g. These energy density values are comparable to that of the Ni metal hydride battery, but the supercapacitor can be charged or discharged in seconds or minutes. The key to success was the ability to make full utilization of the highest intrinsic surface capacitance and specific surface area of single-layer graphene by preparing curved graphene sheets that will not restack face-to-face. The curved morphology enables the formation of mesopores accessible to and wettable by environmentally benign ionic liquids capable of operating at a voltage >4 V.
Innovative Control Method for a Dual Independent Output LLC Resonant Converter (2019)

The paper will focus on an innovative control applied to a modified LLC converter able to independently regulate two output voltages. The topology and the characteristics of the system will be explained, and the performance will be compared to a traditional LLC with post regulation in terms of efficiency, and dynamic regulation. The algorithms, the equations, the implementation will be detailed.A prototype of the system was designed based on a LED TV power supply. This application is particularly suited for the topology since the backlight and the rest of the circuitry require independently regulated voltages.The implementation is focused on the design of an AC/DC converter, even if the control system itself can be applied also to other type of power converters.
In vivo quantitative mapping of mitochondrial cardiac membrane potential: First in human (2019)

99 Background: Myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role in many pathologic processes such as cellular apoptosis, heart failure, and ventricular arrhythmia. In normal conditions, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) is maintained within narrow limits. Alterations in ΔΨm are a fundamental biomarker of mitochondrial and cellular dysfunction. Our group recently validated a method for in vivo assessment of cardiac ΔΨm in a porcine model (Alpert, 2018) using the fluorine-18 labeled compound 18F-triphenylphosphonium (18F-TPP+). Analysis shows that the tissue-to-plasma ratio at equilibrium, VT, is sensitive to two independent variables; the tissue fraction of the ECS (fECS) and tissue membrane potential (ΔΨT), a proxy of ΔΨm. We report the first in vivo assessment of the ΔΨT in human subjects.
 Methods: Seven healthy subjects were imaged using 18F-TPP+ on a Siemens Biograph PET/MR scanner. The imaging protocol consisted of a bolus injection of 300 MBq followed by a 120 min infusion of 0.6 MBq/min. A 60 min dynamic PET acquisition was started 1 hour after bolus injection. The fECS was simultaneously measured using MR T1-mapping images acquired at baseline and 15 minutes after gadolinium injection with correction for the subject’s hematocrit level. Serial venous blood samples were obtained to calculate the plasma tracer concentration. The myocardial volume of distribution, VT, was obtained by dividing the myocardial tracer concentration by the plasma concentration at secular equilibrium. ΔΨT was calculated from the VT and fECS measurements using a model based on the Nernst equation (Alpert, 2018).
 Results: One subject was excluded because tracer concentration equilibrium was not achieved. In the remaining subjects, secular equilibrium in plasma and myocardium was reached after approximately 90 min. Average fECS was 29.7±3.2% (range 26.1 to 33.9%). Average ventricular VT was 63.7±11.3 (range 52.3 to 85.3), yielding an average ΔΨT of -157±4 mV (range -151 to -163 mV). The parametric images were of high quality, supporting the measurement of ΔΨT to the voxel level.
 Conclusions: We demonstrated for the first time the feasibility of noninvasive, in vivo, quantitative assessment of cardiac ΔΨT in humans. Quantitative values of ΔΨT are in good agreement with bench top measurements in isolated mitochondria, cells and Langendorff perfused rat hearts (see Alpert et al, 2018). Currently, there are no methods for direct in vivo assessment of mitochondrial function. In vivo quantification of the mitochondrial function could provide new diagnostic and prognostic information for several cardiac diseases as well as allowing therapy monitoring. Further investigations are required to assess these potential roles.
Research Support: P41EB022544 R01HL137230 T32EB013180
Acknowledgments: We thank Marina T. Macdonald-Soccorso and Julia-Ann Scotton for their essential contribution to this project.
Transformation optics: approaching broadband electromagnetic cloaking (2008)

An approach to broadband cloaking of light waves is analysed for a simplified case of a scaling transformation for a general cylindrical coordinate system. The proposed approach requires metamaterials with specifically engineered dispersion. The restriction on the signs of gradients in the dispersion dependencies of the dielectric permittivity and the magnetic permeability for different operational wavelengths is revealed and is shown to cause difficulties unless additional gain-assisted compensation for losses or electromagnetically induced transparency is introduced in the cloaking system.
On external calibration of analog-to-digital converters (2002)

External calibration and compensation of analog-to-digital converters is considered. Two novel methods are presented. Both methods employ multiple calibration frequencies in order to improve the wide-band performance of the converter. Also, a dynamic table indexing is introduced to further improve the performance. A recursive sine-wave reconstruction filter algorithm is developed for calibration purposes. The proposed methods are evaluated using experimental converter data. Results indicate that the dynamic indexing provides good correction performance, also at frequencies not used during calibration. Thus, wide-band calibration can be achieved.