gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical Applications of the Eosinophilic Esophagitis Diagnostic Panel (2017)

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a recently recognized upper gastrointestinal allergic disorder characterized by esophageal dysfunction (e.g., dysphagia) and esophageal eosinophilia of ≥15 eosinophils/high-power field in patients who have persistent esophagitis even on proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy. The histologic method is the gold standard of EoE diagnosis. However, EoE clinical symptoms do not always correlate with histology, and the histologic method has sensitivity and specificity issues due to the patchiness of EoE and the subjective nature of the method. The "EoE transcriptome" was initially discovered in 2006, which led to the invention of the EoE diagnostic panel (EDP). In addition to providing a definitive EoE diagnosis with high accuracy, the EDP has been useful in elucidating several key elements about the disease including the efficacy of specific drugs such as swallowed glucocorticoids and anti-IL-13 humanized antibody therapy, the relationship between EoE and PPI-responsive esophageal eosinophilia, and predicting the disease course and responsiveness to therapy. The EDP's long-term potential arises from its plasticity to incorporate new genes and uncover novel disease pathogenesis. We expect that the EDP will be increasingly helpful for personalized medicine approaches and improved diagnostics and disease monitoring.
situ: Situational understanding and discovery for cyber attacks (2012)

Our entry into the VAST 2012 Mini Challenge 2 is a streaming visual analytic system that scores events based on anomalousness and maliciousness and presents each event to the user in a user-defined groupings in animated small-multiple views. The anomaly detection algorithm identifies low probability events, supporting awareness regarding atypical traffic patterns on the network. The maliciousness classifier incorporates both situated knowledge of an environment (policy and machine roles) and domain knowledge (encoded in the IDS alerts). We discuss the visualization design and classification techniques, as well as provide examples of timely detection from the challenge dataset.
Towards a Distributed, Chronically-Implantable Neural Interface (2019)

We present a platform technology encompassing a family of innovations that together aim to tackle key challenges with existing implantable brain machine interfaces. The ENGINI (Empowering Next Generation Implantable Neural Interfaces) platform utilizes a 3-tier network (external processor, cranial transponder, intracortical probes) to inductively couple power to, and communicate data from, a distributed array of freely-floating mm-scale probes. Novel features integrated into each probe include: (1) an array of niobium microwires for observing local field potentials (LFPs) along the cortical column; (2) ultra-low power instrumentation for signal acquisition and data reduction; (3) an autonomous, self-calibrating wireless transceiver for receiving power and transmitting data; and (4) a hermetically-sealed micropackage suitable for chronic use. We are additionally engineering a surgical tool, to facilitate manual and robot-assisted insertion, within a streamlined neurosurgical workflow. Ongoing work is focused on system integration and preclinical testing.
ESD Protection Design Optimization Using a Mixed-Mode Simulation and Its Impact on ESD Protection Design of Power Bus Line Resistance (2005)

This paper presents a new optimization method of ESD protection design using a mixed-mode ESD simulation with a calibrated model based on DC and TLP characteristics. As a result, the influence of power bus line resistance on ESD protection design is clarified using the calibrated model for each device used in ESD protection circuit. ESD surge flows into an internal circuit easily as the value of the power bus line resistance increases even if the ESD tolerance of a power clamp element is high enough.
Abstract 1485: E7011, a novel anti-angiogenesis inhibitor targeting Notch4 receptor signal pathway (2020)

Abstract Notch4 is selectively expressed on tumor endothelial cells and hypothesized to contribute to cancer malignancy through mechanisms including tumor angiogenesis regulation and promoting drug resistance. We developed E7011, a humanized IgG2κ antibody targeting Notch4 receptor signaling. To obtain anti-human Notch4 monoclonal antibody, human Notch4 3EGFR (epidermal growth factor repeat) domain - NRR (negative regulatory region) - SEAP (secreted alkaline phosphatase) - His protein was immunized to mice and 6698 hybridomas were obtained. By screening these clones with the Notch4 binding assay and Notch4-specific gal4-fusion luciferase reporter assay, mouse anti-human Notch4 mAb clone (6-3-A6) was selected. The CDRs (complementarity determining regions) of 6-3-A6 were grafted into the variable regions of human IgG2κ, and E7011, novel humanized anti-human Notch4 monoclonal antibody, was developed by screening in assays above. The biomolecular interaction analysis showed that E7011 is able to bind to human and mouse Notch4-NRR domain-SEAP-His, and inhibit human Notch4 receptor signaling in an antibody-dose dependent manner as well as 6-3-A6. IHC analysis showed that Notch4 was expressed on CD31 positive endothelial cells in Calu6 human non-small cell lung carcinoma xenograft tumor. Intravenous administration of E7011 at 1, 3, 10 mg/kg in twice a week significantly decreased tumor growth compared with control IgG treatment without severe body weight loss. We also investigated the functional tumor angiogenesis by hoechest dye-perfusion and staining with anti-CD31 antibody in the Calu6 xenograft model. E7011 treatment significantly decreased hoechst-positive perfusion area compared with vehicle treatment. In conclusion, E7011 is a novel antitumor agent that is a specific signal inhibitor targeting the Notch4 receptor and suppresses tumor growth through decreasing tumor vessel function in based on preclinical studies. Citation Format: Yusuke Adachi, Yoshimasa Sakamoto, Youya Nakazawa, Sho Tachino, Ken Ito, Takanori Abe, Yukinori Minoshima, Kana Hoshino-Negishi, Hideaki Ogasawara, Tomomi Kawakatsu, Miyuki Nishimura, Masashi Shimizu, Kazuhiro Tahara, Toshitaka Sato, Katsuhisa Suzuki, Kishan Agarwala, Masao Iwata, Yasuhiro Funahashi, Kenichi Nomoto, Yoichi Ozawa, Junji Matsui, Toshio Imai, Yu Kato. E7011, a novel anti-angiogenesis inhibitor targeting Notch4 receptor signal pathway [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 1485.
Cutting head for ultrasonic lithotripsy (1990)

A cutting head for attachment to the end of the wire probe of an ultrasonic kidney stone disintegration instrument. The cutting head has a plurality of circumferentially arranged teeth formed at one end thereof to provide a cup-shaped receptacle for kidney stones encountered during the disintegration procedure. An integral reduced diameter collar diminishes stress points in the wire and reduces breakage thereof.
Performance Parameters and Frequency Response of CMUTs in Transmit, Receive, and Pulse-Echo Operation (2019)

Models of electrostatic transducers that assume a constant shape function for the plate's deflection facilitate derivation of closed-form design expressions. This work analyses the static and frequency-response characteristics of capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs) using a shape-function based model. This analysis shows that across all CMUT designs of a given plate shape, the CMUT's static parameters vary with bias voltage in the same manner. Normalizing bias voltage by pull-in voltage and plate deflection by gap height enables this result. The static parameters examined are plate deflection, capacitance, transformer ratio, spring softening, and coupling coefficient. As shown here, assuming a basic second-order model of the CMUT, these static parameters along with plate resonance frequency and quality factor describe a CMUT's frequency response. This work specifically examines ideal parallel-plate and clamped circular plate CMUTs, but it extends to other plate shapes with substitution of different expressions for capacitance as a function of plate deflection.
Reference Electrodes Based on Ionic Liquid-Doped Reference Membranes with Biocompatible Silicone Matrixes (2020)

Many reference electrodes with an ionic liquid-doped reference membrane contain a plasticizer that can gradually leach out into the sample. However, because many common plasticizers are known to be endocrine disruptors and may induce inflammatory reactions, they are preferably avoided for wearable or implantable sensors. Therefore, this work tested polymeric reference electrode membranes prepared by solvent casting from seven commercially available biocompatible silicones that are widely used in implantable devices. Only reference electrodes with membranes consisting of poly(3,3,3-trifluoropropylmethylsiloxane) (<b>Fluorosilicone 1</b>) and one of several 1-methyl-3-alkylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ionic liquids provided a stable and sample-independent potential in electrolyte solutions spanning the range of electrolyte concentrations in human blood, with more hydrophobic ionic liquids performing better. Over 8 days at 37 °C in artificial blood electrolyte solutions, the reference membranes doped with 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide exhibited a potential drift as low as 20 μV/h. In 10% animal serum, a 112 μV/h drift was observed over 5.8 days. The other six silicone materials doped with an ionic liquid either failed to form self-standing membranes or did not provide a sample-independent potential in the ionic concentration range tested. In case of the functional reference electrodes, differential scanning calorimetry confirmed good miscibility between the ionic liquid and the polymer matrix, whereas the poor miscibility of four polymer matrixes and the ionic liquids-as confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry-correlated with an undesirable sample dependence of the reference potential.
Dual Injection Distributed Combustion for Gas Turbine Application (2013)

Distributed Combustion has been shown to provide significantly improved performance with near zero emissions for stationary gas turbine applications. Characteristics of distributed combustion include uniform thermal field in the entire combustion chamber (improved pattern factor), ultra low emissions of NOx and CO, low noise, enhanced stability and higher efficiency. Distributed combustion with swirl have been investigated to determine the beneficial aspects of such flows on clean and efficient combustion under simulated gas turbine combustion conditions with ultra-low NOx emissions. Results are presented here on the impact of employing dual injection of air and fuel in contrast to single injection. Dual and multi injection is of great importance for combustor design scale up as to maintain flow similarities. Results showed that careful implementation of dual injection can result in emissions as low as single air/fuel injection method. With adequate fuel injection strategy, further reduction in emissions has been demonstrated. Results obtained on pollutants emission with dual injection and different fuel injection strategies at various equivalence ratios showed ultra-low emission (<5PPM NO and <15PPM CO) and high performance. OH* chemiluminescence revealed relative position of the flame within the combustor under various conditions for further improvements in distributed combustion conditions and to further reduce NOx emission.
Contactless Pre-Bond TSV Test and Diagnosis Using Ring Oscillators and Multiple Voltage Levels (2014)

Defects in through-silicon vias (TSVs) due to fabrication steps decrease the yield and reliability of 3-D stacked integrated circuits, hence these defects need to be screened early in the manufacturing flow. Before wafer thinning, TSVs are buried in silicon and cannot be mechanically contacted, which severely limits the test access. Although TSVs become exposed after wafer thinning, probing on them is difficult because of TSV dimensions and the risk of probe-induced damage. To circumvent these problems, we propose a non-invasive method for pre-bond TSV test that does not require TSV probing. We use open TSVs as capacitive loads of their driving gates and measure the propagation delay by means of ring oscillators. Defects in TSVs cause variations in their resistor-capacitor parameters and therefore lead to variations in the propagation delay. By measuring these variations, we can detect the resistive open and leakage faults. We exploit different voltage levels to increase the sensitivity of the test and its robustness against random process variations. We provide a method to create a regression model to predict the defect size for a given measured period period of the ring oscillator, and a method for accuracy analysis. Results on fault detection effectiveness are presented through HSPICE simulations using realistic models for a 45 nm CMOS technology. The estimated design for testability area cost of our method is negligible for realistic dies.
Low cost inkjet printed smart bandage for wireless monitoring of chronic wounds (2016)

Chronic wounds affect millions of patients around the world and their treatment is challenging as the early signs indicating their development are subtle. In addition, a type of chronic wound, known as pressure ulcer, develops in patients with limited mobility. Infection and frequent bleeding are indicators of chronic wound development. In this article, we present an unprecedented low cost continuous wireless monitoring system, realized through inkjet printing on a standard bandage, which can send early warnings for the parameters like irregular bleeding, variations in pH levels and external pressure at wound site. The bandage can detect 10 μl of blood and 20 mmHg of external pressure and can communicate upto a distance of 60 m when worn on the body. In addition to the early warnings, this smart bandage concept can provide long term wound progression data to the health care providers. The smart bandage comprises a disposable part which has the inkjet printed sensors and a reusable part constituting the wireless electronics. This work is an important step towards futuristic wearable sensors for remote health care applications.
High-throughput microarray for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (2017)

We describe the development of a novel, high-throughput, nano-scale microarray platform for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). The platform allows to process 480 samples at 50 nL volume on a single chip, analyze by fluorescence read-out with an easy dunk-and-rinse step, and the ability to process multiple samples and chips simultaneously. We demonstrate the applicability of this chip for culturing community acquired methicillin resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (CA-MRSA), and perform AST against clinical isolates of CA-MRSA. The chip platform holds promise for an impact in microbial biotechnology as an attractive high-throughput, lower sample volume and quicker alternative to conventional AST such as the traditional broth microdilution or the newer automated systems.
Time‐expanded decision networks: A framework for designing evolvable complex systems (2007)

Abstract This paper describes the concept of Time‐Expanded Decision Networks (TDNs), a new methodology to design and analyze flexibility in large‐scale complex systems. This includes a preliminary application of the methodology to the design of Heavy Lift Launch Vehicles for NASA's space exploration initiative. Synthesizing concepts from Decision Theory, Real Options Analysis, Network Optimization, and Scenario Planning, TDN provides a holistic framework to quantify the value of system flexibility, analyze development and operational paths, and identify designs that can allow managers and systems engineers to react more easily to exogenous uncertainty. TDN consists of five principle steps, which can be implemented as a software tool: (1) Design a set of potential system configurations; (2) quantify switching costs to create a “static network” that captures the difficulty of switching among these configurations; (3) create a time‐expanded decision network by expanding the static network in time, including chance and decision nodes; (4) evaluate minimum cost paths through the network under plausible operating scenarios; and (5) modify the set of initial design configurations to exploit high‐leverage switches and repeat the process to convergence. Results can inform decisions about how and where to embed flexibility in order to enable system evolution along various development and operational paths. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng 10: 167–186, 2007
Magnetic field and magnetic isotope effects on photoinduced emulsion polymerization (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMagnetic field and magnetic isotope effects on photoinduced emulsion polymerizationNicholas J. Turro, Ming Fea Chow, Chao Jen Chung, and Chen Ho TungCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 6, 1572–1577Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1983https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00344a025Request reuse permissionsArticle Views333Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (706 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Development of a Novel Vaccine Containing Binary Toxin for the Prevention of Clostridium difficile Disease with Enhanced Efficacy against NAP1 Strains (2017)

Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) are a leading cause of nosocomial diarrhea in the developed world. The main virulence factors of the bacterium are the large clostridial toxins (LCTs), TcdA and TcdB, which are largely responsible for the symptoms of the disease. Recent outbreaks of CDI have been associated with the emergence of hypervirulent strains, such as NAP1/BI/027, many strains of which also produce a third toxin, binary toxin (CDTa and CDTb). These hypervirulent strains have been associated with increased morbidity and higher mortality. Here we present pre-clinical data describing a novel tetravalent vaccine composed of attenuated forms of TcdA, TcdB and binary toxin components CDTa and CDTb. We demonstrate, using the Syrian golden hamster model of CDI, that the inclusion of binary toxin components CDTa and CDTb significantly improves the efficacy of the vaccine against challenge with NAP1 strains in comparison to vaccines containing only TcdA and TcdB antigens, while providing comparable efficacy against challenge with the prototypic, non-epidemic strain VPI10463. This combination vaccine elicits high neutralizing antibody titers against TcdA, TcdB and binary toxin in both hamsters and rhesus macaques. Finally we present data that binary toxin alone can act as a virulence factor in animal models. Taken together, these data strongly support the inclusion of binary toxin in a vaccine against CDI to provide enhanced protection from epidemic strains of C. difficile.
Automatically generated word pronunciations from phoneme classifier output (1993)

An automatic procedure for modeling alternative pronunciations of words produced by different talkers is described. The research compared recognition performance on forty city and state names using three different representations of each word. In the first case, the expected pronunciation(s) of each word was produced by an expert. In the second case, a dynamic programming algorithm was used to create a pronunciation network for each word by combining phonetic transcriptions from ten utterances of the word produced by human labelers. The third case was identical to the second, except that the phonetic labels were provided automatically by a phonetic recognition algorithm. On a test set of words produced by new speakers, equivalent recognition performance was observed for the pronunciation networks derived from human and machine labels. Both produced performance superior to that obtained with the pronunciations produced by the expert.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Novel Antimicrobial Substance in Etiolated Seedlings of Adlay (1993)

Journal Article A Novel Antimicrobial Substance in Etiolated Seedlings of Adlay Yukio Ishiguro, Yukio Ishiguro The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu 501-11, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kenji Okamoto, Kenji Okamoto The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu 501-11, JapanResearch Institute, Kagome Co., Ltd., 17 Nishitomiyama, Nishinasuno-machi, Nasugun, Tochigi 329-27, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Hideki Sakamoto, Hideki Sakamoto The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu 501-11, JapanResearch Institute, Kagome Co., Ltd., 17 Nishitomiyama, Nishinasuno-machi, Nasugun, Tochigi 329-27, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Youji Sonoda Youji Sonoda The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu 501-11, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, Volume 57, Issue 5, 1 January 1993, Page 866, https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.57.866 Published: 01 January 1993 Article history Received: 18 December 1992 Published: 01 January 1993
Terahertz absorption by resonant plasmon excitations in grating-gated quantum wells (2009)

Terahertz detection using excitations of plasmon modes offers a high-speed, high resolution, and frequency-selective alternative to existing technology. Plasmons in high mobility quantum well two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) systems can couple to radiation when either the channel carrier density, or the incident radiation, is spatially modulated with appropriate periodicity. Grating-gated terahertz detectors having a voltage tunable frequency response have been developed based on this principle. A continuous wave THz photomixer was used to characterize the resonant absorption in such devices. At the fundamental 2DEG plasmon frequency, defined by the grating and the quantum well carrier density, a 20% change in transmission was observed. As the resonance is tuned from the 'natural' plasmon frequency through application of a gate bias, it shifts as expected, but the transmission change drops to only a few percent.