gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Visual Tracking Using Depth Data (2005)

A method is presented for robust tracking in highly cluttered environments. The method makes effective use of 3D depth sensing technology, resulting in illumination-invariant tracking. A few applications using tracking are presented including face tracking and hand tracking.
Immunotargeting of tumor vasculature: preclinical development of novel antibody-based imaging and therapy against TEM1/CD248 (2013)

Meeting abstracts The success of antibody-based theranostics depends on the identification of tumor specific biomarkers and the development of corresponding antibodies with high-affinity and specificity. Tumor endothelial marker-1 (TEM1) is highly expressed in tumor vasculature of multiple cancers
Efficient gene transfer of a simian immuno‐deficiency viral vector into cardiomyocytes derived from primate embryonic stem cells (2003)

A lentiviral vector system based on SIV represents a useful vehicle for genetic modification of cardiomyocytes derived from primate ES cells, and can extend the application of primate ES cells to gene therapy.
Single-shot optical recorder with sub-picosecond resolution and scalable record length on a semiconductor wafer (2017)

We demonstrate a novel, single-shot recording technology for transient optical signals. A resolution of 0.4 ps over a record length of 54 ps was demonstrated. Here, a pump pulse crossing through a signal samples a diagonal "slice" of space-time, enabling a camera to record spatially the time content of the signal. Unlike related χ<sup>(2)</sup>-based cross-correlation techniques, here the signal is sampled through optically pumped carriers that modify the refractive index of a silicon wafer. Surrounding the wafer with birefringent retarders enables two time-staggered, orthogonally polarized signal copies to probe the wafer. Recombining the copies at a final crossed polarizer destructively interferes with them, except during the brief stagger window, where a differential phase shift is incurred. This enables the integrating response of the rapidly excited but persistent carriers to be optically differentiated. This sampling mechanism has several advantages that enable scaling to long record lengths, including making use of large, inexpensive semiconductor wafers, eliminating the need for phase matching, broad insensitivity to the spectral and angular properties of the pump, and overall hardware simplicity.
Image vectorization using optimized gradient meshes (2007)

Recently, gradient meshes have been introduced as a powerful vector graphics representation to draw multicolored mesh objects with smooth transitions. Using tools from Abode Illustrator and Corel CorelDraw, a user can manually create gradient meshes even for photo-realistic vector arts, which can be further edited, stylized and animated.
Incentivizing Strategy for Demand Response Aggregator Considering Market Entry Criterion: A Game Theoretical Approach (2019)

This paper presents a novel incentivizing strategy for a demand response (DR) aggregator to participate in an intra-day market organized by the grid operator (GO). By taking the market entry criterion into consideration, the proposed incentivizing strategy is able to help the aggregator determine the optimal incentive for each customer based on their identified characteristics or preferences. The hierarchical decision making procedure between the aggregator and customers is casted into a Stackelberg game. In accordance, an optimal incentivizing strategy can be ascertained for the aggregator, which further helps the aggregator elicit optimal load reductions from enrolled customers meanwhile maximizing its potential profit. Simulation results show that the proposed incentivizing strategy is effective in helping the aggregator determine optimal incentive for each customer in face of different external factors.
Compound‐Glass Waveguides Fabricated by a Metal Evaporation Technique (1976)

Glass fiber optical waveguides consisting of a potassium silicate glass core and SiO 2 cladding were produced by a potassium metal evaporation technique. An evacuated fused‐silica tube containing an evaporated deposit of K was heated to temperatures sufficient to form a uniform potassium silicide layer on its inner surface. This layer was oxidized and reacted with the SiO 2 tubing at high temperatures to form a potassium silicate glass. The tube was then collapsed to give a solid rod preform with a potassium silicate core. Fibers drawn from such preforms exhibit moderately low optical loss. The fabrication technique is described, and a representative loss spectrum is presented.
Predicting multiples using a reverse time demigration (2012)

We have developed a method of reverse time demigration (RTDM), which uses the seismic image to predict different wave phenomena, such as reflections, refractions and multiples. Based on it, we introduce a new way to predict both surface related multiples and interbed multiples, which takes advantages of the two-way wave equations and can be adapted to different acquisition geometries. We have found that adding a coupling term to a conventional RTDM leads to unstable wave propagation. As a solution, we propose to convert the depth image into a pseudo-density function by solving a nonlinear inversion problem. Our preliminary numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed method works stably and provides reliable multiple prediction in even complex geologies.
X-ray focusing using square channel-capillary arrays (1991)

A class of imaging, condensing, and collimating devices for x rays is investigated which is based on the use of an array of small channels of square cross section. The focusing and collimating effect arises from external reflection of near-grazing-incidence rays at the interior channel surfaces. Rays are redirected by being singly reflected from two orthogonal channel surfaces and are imaged from a source point to a square region with a side length MT+1 times that of the channel side length, where MT is the transverse magnification. The image and source locations are related by a thin-lens formula. The point spread function and the efficiency of these focusing devices are calculated. Two energy regimes with different channel reflectivity characteristics are examined in detail: the hard x-ray regime (E&gt;8 keV) and the soft x-ray regime (E&lt;200 eV). For these cases the efficiency of focusing x rays depends only on the channel aspect ratio and reflectivity parameters. A discussion is made of channel plates of other configurations, such as arrays of rectangular channels. The results are supported by Monte Carlo simulations.
Glycans Flanking the Hypervariable Connecting Peptide between the A and B Strands of the V1/V2 Domain of HIV-1 gp120 Confer Resistance to Antibodies That Neutralize CRF01_AE Viruses (2015)

Understanding the molecular determinants of sensitivity and resistance to neutralizing antibodies is critical for the development of vaccines designed to prevent HIV infection. In this study, we used a genetic approach to characterize naturally occurring polymorphisms in the HIV envelope protein that conferred neutralization sensitivity or resistance. Libraries of closely related envelope genes, derived from virus quasi-species, were constructed from individuals infected with CRF01_AE viruses. The libraries were screened with plasma containing broadly neutralizing antibodies, and neutralization sensitive and resistant variants were selected for sequence analysis. In vitro mutagenesis allowed us to identify single amino acid changes in three individuals that conferred resistance to neutralization by these antibodies. All three mutations created N-linked glycosylation sites (two at N136 and one at N149) proximal to the hypervariable connecting peptide between the C-terminus of the A strand and the N-terminus of the B strand in the four-stranded V1/V2 domain β-sheet structure. Although N136 has previously been implicated in the binding of broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies, this glycosylation site appears to inhibit the binding of neutralizing antibodies in plasma from HIV-1 infected subjects. Previous studies have reported that the length of the V1/V2 domain in transmitted founder viruses is shorter and possesses fewer glycosylation sites compared to viruses isolated from chronic infections. Our results suggest that vaccine immunogens based on recombinant envelope proteins from clade CRF01_AE viruses might be improved by inclusion of envelope proteins that lack these glycosylation sites. This strategy might improve the efficacy of the vaccines used in the partially successful RV144 HIV vaccine trial, where the two CRF01_AE immunogens (derived from the A244 and TH023 isolates) both possessed glycosylation sites at N136 and N149.
Multi-core fiber design and analysis: coupled-mode theory and coupled-power theory (2011)

Coupled-mode and coupled-power theories are described for multi-core fiber design and analysis. First, in order to satisfy the law of power conservation, mode-coupling coefficients are redefined and then, closed-form power-coupling coefficients are derived based on exponential, Gaussian, and triangular autocorrelation functions. Using the coupled-mode and coupled-power theories, impacts of random phase-offsets and correlation lengths on crosstalk in multi-core fibers are investigated for the first time. The simulation results are in good agreement with the measurement results. Furthermore, from the simulation results obtained by both theories, it is confirmed that the reciprocity is satisfied in multi-core fibers.
Intravitreal Imaging of I-124 Radiolabled bevacizumab, ranibizumab and aflibercept in a rabbit model with PET-CT (2015)

1066 Objectives Intravitreal delivery of radiolabeled anti-VEGF epitopes closely mimics current delivery techniques of ophthalmologic therapeutic agents in conditions such as exudative macular degeneration and various causes of macular edema. To establish a non-invasive imaging methodology that determines and compares the physiologic and pharmacokinetic properties of intravitreally placed radiolabeled compounds. Methods Each agent was radiolabeled with I-124 using a modified Iodogen method. Intravitreal injections were performed with a 32 gauge needle in the left eye of each subject. Three anesthetized Dutch-belted rabbits underwent intravitreal injection with 1.25 mg/0.05 mL I-124 bevacizumab, three with 0.5 mg/0.05 mL I-124 ranibizumab and four with 2.0 mg/0.05 mL I-124 aflibercept. Serial imaging with micro PET-CT (Inveon, Siemens Preclinical, Knoxville, TN, USA) were obtained on days 0, 2, 5, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35. Mirco PET/CT uptake was decay corrected quantified in becquerels/mL (Bq/mL). Results All three radiolabeled pharmaceuticals remained in the vitreous cavity for the duration of the study with no extravasation into the central nervous system or elsewhere. Individual decay curves could be determined for all three agents. The average biologic clearance was determined to be 4.2 ± 0.1 days for I-124 bevacizumab, 2.8 ± 0.1 days for I-124 ranibizumab and 4.6 ± 0.1 days for I-124 aflibercept. Phantoms were clearly visible at day 28 for I-124 ranibizumab and day 35 for I-124 bevacizumab and I-124 aflibercept. Conclusions The introduced methodology is feasible to non-invasively assess the anatomic and pharmacokinetic properties of radiolabeled compounds. There was no significant escape from the vitreous cavity for the 3 agents. Aflibercept demonstrated the longest intravitreal retention time and ranibizumab the shortest. Research Support This research was supported by the Ohio Third Frontier ODSA TECH 09-028, TECH 10-012 and TECH 13-060
Coded Illumination in Compressive X-ray CT (2019)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. P. Cuadros, X. Ma, and G. R. Arce, "Coded Illumination in Compressive X-ray CT," in Imaging and Applied Optics 2019 (COSI, IS, MATH, pcAOP), OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 2019), paper JW2A.20. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Measurement of Converting Enzyme Activity by Antibody-Trapping of Generated Angiotensin II: Comparison With Two Other Methods (1992)

Activity of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is usually measured in vitro by estimation of products cleaved by the enzyme from synthetic substrates. These substrates have affinities for ACE different from the natural substrate angiotensin I, and insensitive detection systems necessitate millimolar substrate concentrations while physiological angiotensin I concentrations are in the picomolar range. A new assay for ACE activity measurement was developed which reliably quantitates femtomoles of generated angiotensin II in plasma from angiotensin I added at a 17 pmol/mL concentration. The production of high affinity monoclonal antibodies against angiotensin II (Kd = 7 x 10(-11) mol/L) allowed a quantitative trapping (and thus protection from degrading enzymes) of angiotensin II generated during the incubation step and subsequent radioimmunoassay by simple dilution with labelled angiotensin II. Using 40 microL plasma, the detection limit was 20 fmol/mL/min. Normal human plasma has an ACE activity of 335 +/- 83 fmol/mL/min (mean +/- SD). Precision was characterized by coefficients of variation of less than or equal to 11% both within-assay and between-assays. Accuracy of the new method was established by comparing ACE activity with the ratio of plasma angiotensin II/angiotensin I in plasma obtained from normal volunteers 0.5 to 24 h after oral administration of 20 mg enalapril. The percentage of ACE inhibition indicated by both methods was almost identical (r = 0.93, n = 60, P less than .001). Since the latter ratio appears to reflect in vivo ACE activity, these results indicate that accurate measurement in vitro of ACE activity in vivo has been achieved.
Transplantation of a quaternary structure neutralizing antibody epitope from dengue virus serotype 3 into serotype 4 (2017)

Dengue vaccine trials have revealed deficits in our understanding of the mechanisms of protective immunity, demonstrating a need to measure epitope-specific antibody responses against each DENV serotype. HmAb 5J7 binds to a complex, 3-monomer spanning quaternary epitope in the DENV3 envelope (E) protein, but it is unclear whether all interactions are needed for neutralization. Structure guided design and reverse genetics were used to sequentially transplant larger portions of the DENV3-specific 5J7 mAb epitope into dengue virus serotype 4 (DENV4). We observed complete binding and neutralization only when the entire 3 monomer spanning epitope was transplanted into DENV4, providing empirical proof that cooperative monomer-hmAb 5J7 interactions maximize activity. The rDENV4/3 virus containing the most expanded 5J7 epitope was also significantly more sensitive than WT DENV4 to neutralization by DENV3 primary immune sera. We conclude that the hinge-spanning region of the 5J7 quaternary epitope is a target for serotype-specific neutralizing antibodies after DENV3 infection.
Stain-less staining for computed histopathology (2015)

Dyes such as hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical stains have been increasingly used to visualize tissue composition in research and clinical practice. We present an alternative approach to obtain the same information using stain-free chemical imaging. Relying on Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic imaging and computation, stainless computed histopathology can enable a rapid, digital, quantitative and non-perturbing visualization of morphology and multiple molecular epitopes simultaneously in a variety of research and clinical pathology applications.
A 0.5V 0.5mW switching current source oscillator (2015)

This paper proposes a new RF oscillator topology that is suitable for ultra-low voltage and power applications. By employing alternating current source transistors, the structure combines the benefits of low supply voltage operation of conventional NMOS cross-coupled oscillators together with high current efficiency of the complementary push-pull oscillators. In addition, the 1/f noise upconversion is also reduced. The 40nm CMOS prototype exhibits an average FoM of 189.5 dBc/Hz over 4-5 GHz tuning range, dissipating 0.5mW from 0.5V power supply, while abiding by the technology manufacturing rules.
Dynamic Programming Based Multi-User Resource Allocation for Partial Crosstalk Cancellation in VDSL (2012)

This letter deals with multi-user computational resource allocation for partial crosstalk cancellation in the vectored VDSL2 systems. We re-look at the multi-user rate optimization problem and provide a dynamic programming based optimal algorithm with deterministic computational complexity, which is quadratic in the problem size.
Antiviral Breadth and Combination Potential of Peptide Triazole HIV-1 Entry Inhibitors (2011)

The first stage of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection involves the fusion of viral and host cellular membranes mediated by viral envelope glycoprotein gp120. Inhibitors that specifically target gp120 are gaining increased attention as therapeutics or preventatives to prevent the spread of HIV-1. One promising new group of inhibitors is the peptide triazoles, which bind to gp120 and simultaneously block its interaction with both CD4 and the coreceptor. In this study, we assessed the most potent peptide triazole, HNG-156, for inhibitory breadth, cytotoxicity, and efficacy, both alone and in combination with other antiviral compounds, against HIV-1. HNG-156 inhibited a panel of 16 subtype B and C isolates of HIV-1 in a single-round infection assay. Inhibition of cell infection by replication-competent clinical isolates of HIV-1 was also observed with HNG-156. We found that HNG-156 had a greater than predicted effect when combined with several other entry inhibitors or the reverse transcriptase inhibitor tenofovir. Overall, we find that HNG-156 is noncytotoxic, has a broad inhibition profile, and provides a positive combination with several inhibitors of the HIV-1 life cycle. These results support the pursuit of efficacy and toxicity analyses in more advanced cell and animal models to develop peptide triazole family inhibitors of HIV-1 into antagonists of HIV-1 infection.
Rotational error correction in lateral shearing interferometry for freeform surface measurement (2014)

A lateral shearing interferometer (LSI) is able to be a powerful solution to measure a complex freeform surface since it requires no reference. It, however, has some issues to be resolved before it can be implemented. One of them is the orthogonality problem between two shearing directions in LSI. Previous wavefront reconstruction algorithms assume that the shearing directions are perfectly orthogonal to each other and lateral shear is obtained simultaneously in the sagittal and tangential directions. For practical LSI, however, it is hard to guarantee perfect orthogonality between two shearing directions. Motivated by this, we propose a new algorithm that can correct the rotational inaccuracy.
Leaf application of a sprayable bioplastic‐based formulation of biocontrol <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> strains for reduction of aflatoxins in corn (2015)

This study indicated that it is not necessary to treat the soil reservoir in order to achieve effective biocontrol of aflatoxin contamination in kernel corn. Spraying this novel bioplastic-based formulation to leaves can be an effective alternative in the biocontrol of A. flavus in corn. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.
Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), a cofactor for nNOS, restores gastric emptying and nNOS expression in female diabetic rats (2010)

Gastroparesis is a debilitating disease predominantly affecting young women. Recently, dysregulation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in myenteric plexus neurons has been implicated for delayed solid gastric emptying/gastroparesis in diabetic patients. In this study, we have explored the role of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), a major cofactor for nNOS activity and NO synthesis in diabetic gastroparesis. Diabetes was induced with single injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg body wt, ip) in female rats, with experiments performed on week 3 or 9 following induction, with or without 3-wk BH4 supplementation. Gastric pyloric BH4 levels were significantly decreased in diabetic female rats compared with control (18.6 +/- 1.45 vs. 31.0 +/- 2.31 pmol/mg protein). In vitro studies showed that 2,4-diamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine (DAHP), an inhibitor of BH4 synthesis, significantly decreased gastric NO release and nitrergic relaxation. Three-week dietary supplementation of BH4 either from day 1 or week 6 significantly attenuated diabetes-induced delayed gastric emptying for solids (3 wk: BH4, 67 +/- 6.7 vs. diabetic, 36.05 +/- 7.09; 9 wk: BH4, 57 +/- 8.45 vs. diabetic, 33 +/- 9.91) and diabetes-induced reduction in pyloric nNOS-alpha protein expression in female rats. Supplementation of BH4 significantly restored gastric nNOS-alpha dimerization in 9-wk-old diabetic female rats. In addition, BH4 treatment reversed (17.23 +/- 5.81 vs. 42.0 +/- 2.70 mmHg x s) the diabetes-induced changes in intragastric pressures (IGP) and gastric pyloric nitrergic relaxation (-0.62 +/- 0.01 vs. -0.22 +/- 0.07). BH4 deficiency plays a critical role in diabetes-induced alterations including delayed solid gastric emptying, increased IGP, reduced pyloric nitrergic relaxation, and nNOS-alpha expression in female rats. Supplementation of BH4 accelerates gastric emptying by restoring nitrergic system in diabetic female rats. Therefore, BH4 supplementation is a potential therapeutic option for female patients of diabetic gastroparesis.
A typed intermediate language for compiling multiple inheritance (2007)

Type-preserving compilation can improve software reliability by generating code that can be verified independently of the compiler. Practical type preserving compilation does not exist for languages with multiple inheritance. This paper presents E mi , the first typed intermediate language to support practical compilation of a programming language with fully general multiple inheritance. The paper demonstrates the practicality of Emi by showing that E mi can be used to faithfully model standard implementation strategies of multiple inheritance for C++, the most widely-used programming language with general multiple inheritance.
2-5A-dependent RNase Molecules Dimerize during Activation by 2-5A (1995)

2-5A-dependent RNase is an interferon-inducible enzyme that requires 5'-phosphorylated, 2',5'-linked oligoadenylates (2-5A) for its endoribonuclease activity against single-stranded RNAs. We demonstrate here that recombinant, human 2-5A-dependent RNase forms stable homodimers during its stimulation by 2-5A. The protein dimers were observed to form only upon binding to 2-5A, as shown using gel filtration chromatography and chemical cross-linking and after centrifugation in glycerol gradients. A monoclonal antibody to 2-5A-dependent RNase was prepared and used to probe the subunit structure of the enzyme in the presence or absence of 2-5A. Using oligoadenylates of different length, structure, and 5'-phosphorylation states we determined that conversion of 2-5A-dependent RNase from its monomeric, inactive form to its homodimeric, active form required the presence of functional 2-5A. These results demonstrate that the catalytically active form of 2-5A-dependent RNase is a homodimer.