gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance of a Source/Channel Encoded Imagery Transmission System. (1979)

The performance of an image transmission system which combines an image source encoding technique with communication channel codes is theoretically calculated and measured by simulation. The theoretical and simulated results show that replacing source data bits with error correction coding bits can reduce the distortion in the received image. The magnitude of the reduction depends on the transmission rate, the code rate (N/K) of the channel code, the procedures used to apply the channel code and the error rate of the communication channel. The image source encoding technique used is the two dimensional Discrete Cosine Transform. This technique is combined with both block and convolutional channel codes to form the source/channel encoded imagery transmission system. The distortion in the received image is measured using a weighted mean square error criterion in which the weighting is related to the frequency sensitivity characteristics of the human visual system. (Author)
Fast and effective stripification of polygonal surface models (1999)

A fundamental algorithmic problem in computer graphics is that of computing a succinct encoding of a triangulation of a polygonal surface model in order to be able to transmit and render it efficiently. The goal is to take a given polygonal surface model, whose facets are given by (possibly multiply-connected) polygons, triangulate its facets, and then decompose the triangulation into a small number of "tristrips," each of which has its connectivity stored implicitly in the ordering of the data points. We develop methods that are effective in solving the stripification problem, both in theory (provably good encodings) and in practice. Our methods are based on carefully constructed search trees in the dual graph, followed by algorithms to decompose dual trees into tristips. One decomposition algorithm is provably optimal (based on dynamic programming), allowing us a sound basis of comparison among our other (heuristic) algorithms. We demonstrate the speed and effectiveness of our algorithms through a battery of experiments. In comparison with the recently released STRIPE system for stripification, we find that our stripifier, FTSG, produces comparable or better quality encodings, while requiring significantly less computing time on a large variety of datasets. Further, FTSG is carefully engineered and implemented to be robust, even in the face of highly degenerate and corrupted real-world data.
Mechanical Properties of Mg-Y-Zn Alloy Processed by Equal-Channel-Angular Extrusion (2003)

Fine-grained WZ73 magnesium alloy with the grain size of 1.6 μm was produced by Equal-Channel-Angular Extrusion. The material exhibited tensile yield strength of 293 MPa, tensile strength of 350 MPa and relatively large elongation of 18% at room temperature. The yield strength was almost unchanged up to 473 K. In addition, large superplastic elongation of over 300% was obtained at a temperature of 673 K.
Investigating the Public Acceptance of Autonomous Delivery Vehicles in Hungary (2023)

The technological advancement of autonomous vehicles has accelerated in recent days: the number of street tests conducted in the daily traffic of cities is increasing dynamically, and so are the numbers of cities involved, participating developers, and tested vehicles. It can also be observed that not only self-driving cars are being tested on the street now; self-driving buses and trucks are also appearing on public roads, and on the pavements a lesser-known type of vehicle can be found, the so-called autonomous city delivery robots. There are several international studies on the social acceptance of self-driving vehicles, but the vast majority of them focus on self-driving cars. We have little information about how the urban population relates to autonomous delivery robots, which travel on the pavement and can come into much more direct contact with residents than their counterparts that travel on the road or in the air. Our study, by means of netnography and questionnaire research, as well as motion picture sentiment research, analyses Hungarian society's attitude towards self-driving transport vehicles.
Design and synthesis of novel fluorinated surfactants for hydrocarbon subphases (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDesign and synthesis of novel fluorinated surfactants for hydrocarbon subphasesAlan R. Katritzky, Terry L. Davis, Gordon W. Rewcastle, Glenn O. Rubel, and Mike T. PikeCite this: Langmuir 1988, 4, 3, 732–735Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00081a040https://doi.org/10.1021/la00081a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views198Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Reduction of the blind spot in the time-frequency domain reflectometry (2008)

In this paper, we propose a method to reduce the blind spot based on signal processing that indicates the minimum length of a cable under test in the time-frequency domain reflectometry without using an extension cable or adding a new high-speed hardware component. The time-frequency domain reflectometry adopted the proposed method can be achieved with not only a simple modification of the previous system but also a simple technique based on signal processing. The experimental results show that the proposed method allows us to estimate fault distance on the cable with high spatial resolution.
Genetic risk factors associated with lipid‐lowering drug‐induced myopathies (2006)

Lipid-lowering drugs produce myopathic side effects in up to 7% of treated patients, with severe rhabdomyolysis occurring in as many as 0.5%. Underlying metabolic muscle diseases have not been evaluated extensively. In a cross-sectional study of 136 patients with drug-induced myopathies, we report a higher prevalence of underlying metabolic muscle diseases than expected in the general population. Control groups included 116 patients on therapy with no myopathic symptoms, 100 asymptomatic individuals from the general population never exposed to statins, and 106 patients with non-statin-induced myopathies. Of 110 patients who underwent mutation testing, 10% were heterozygous or homozygous for mutations causing three metabolic myopathies, compared to 3% testing positive among asymptomatic patients on therapy (P = 0.04). The actual number of mutant alleles found in the test group patients was increased fourfold over the control group (P < 0.0001) due to an increased presence of mutation homozygotes. The number of carriers for carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency and for McArdle disease was increased 13- and 20-fold, respectively, over expected general population frequencies. Homozygotes for myoadenylate deaminase deficiency were increased 3.25-fold with no increase in carrier status. In 52% of muscle biopsies from patients, significant biochemical abnormalities were found in mitochondrial or fatty acid metabolism, with 31% having multiple defects. Variable persistent symptoms occurred in 68% of patients despite cessation of therapy. The effect of statins on energy metabolism combined with a genetic susceptibility to triggering of muscle symptoms may account for myopathic outcomes in certain high-risk groups.
A lab-on-a-chip system for the development of complex assays using modular microfluidic components (2012)

For complex biological or diagnostic assays, the development of an integrated microfluidic device can be difficult and error-prone. For this reason, a modular approach, using individual microfluidic functional modules for the different process steps, can be advantageous. However often the interconnection of the modules proves to be tedious and the peripheral instrumentation to drive the various modules is cumbersome and of large size. For this reason, we have developed an integrated instrument platform which has generic functionalities such as valves and pumps, heating zones for continuous-flow PCR, moveable magnets for bead-based assays and an optical detection unit build into the instrument. The instrument holds a titerplate-sized carrier in which up to four microscopy-slide sized microfluidic modules can be clipped in. This allows for developing and optimizing individual assay steps without the need to modify the instrument or generate a completely new microfluidic cartridge. As a proof-of-concept, the automated sample processing of liquor or blood culture in microfluidic structures for detection of currently occuring <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> strains was carried out. This assay involves the extraction of bacterial DNA, the fluorescent labeling, amplification using PCR as well as the hybridization of the DNA molecules in three-dimensional capture sites spotted into a microchannel. To define the assay sensitivity, chip modules were tested with bacteria spiked samples of different origins and results were controlled by conventional techniques. For liquor or blood culture, the presence of 200 bacteria was detected within 1 hour.
Transient stability studies in grids with great wind power penetration. Modelling issues and operation requirements (2004)

Two main issues are addressed in this paper. First, models for dynamic studies are described, justifying simplifications that cannot be performed for other studies, such as power quality studies. Variable speed wind turbines (with doubly fed induction generator), very widely used nowadays, require also an adequate modelling of the control system, according to the time constants and integration step that are used in transient stability studies. Secondly, transient stability studies involving wind energy conversion systems are presented. These studies include fixed speed and variable speed devices, and several situations on the grid are considered. The results are compared and conclusions are drawn out from them. The problem of the required protections is addressed, in relation with the requirements of connection standards for wind energy conversion systems. These subjects are applied to the Spanish situation, where a great amount of wind penetration is foreseen for the next years.
Transplantation of progenitor cells and regeneration of damaged myocardium: more facts or doubts? Insights from experimental and clinical studies (2009)

The development of postinfarction left ventricular dysfunction, particularly in patients with a large myocardial infarction, remains a major challenge. Recent experimental studies, showing that bone marrow cells may repair cardiac tissue, have offered renewed hopes for the prevention of this ominous occurrence. This optimism is further supported by encouraging results from some clinical trials in both acute myocardial infarction and in chronic cardiomyopathy, although the degree of benefits, the underlying mechanisms, and the cell types involved remain to be elucidated. This review summarizes the most relevant experimental experiences and all clinical studies supporting but also questioning the use of bone marrow cells in myocardial repair.
Association between Reduced Sleep and Weight Gain in Women (2006)

Physiologic studies suggest that sleep restriction has metabolic effects that predispose to weight gain. The authors investigated the association between self-reported usual sleep duration and subsequent weight gain in the Nurses' Health Study. The 68,183 women who reported habitual sleep duration in 1986 were followed for 16 years. In analyses adjusted for age and body mass index, women sleeping 5 hours or less gained 1.14 kg (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.49, 1.79) more than did those sleeping 7 hours over 16 years, and women sleeping 6 hours gained 0.71 kg (95% CI: 0.41, 1.00) more. The relative risks of a 15-kg weight gain were 1.32 (95% CI: 1.19, 1.47) and 1.12 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.19) for those sleeping 5 and 6 hours, respectively. The relative risks for incident obesity (body mass index: >30 kg/m(2)) were 1.15 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.26) and 1.06 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.11). These associations remained significant after inclusion of important covariates and were not affected by adjustment for physical activity or dietary consumption. These data suggest that short sleep duration is associated with a modest increase in future weight gain and incident obesity. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms by which sleep duration may affect weight.
Electrochemical and Radiochemical Study of Copper Contamination Mechanism from HF Solutions onto Silicon Substrates (1997)

The mechanism of copper contamination of silicon wafers from dilute HF solutions containing ultratrace levels of metallic ion impurities, was investigated using a new electrochemical cell, which proved to act as a very efficient sensor for in situ characterization. Upon copper contamination, the open‐circuit potential was observed to shift rapidly toward more positive values at a rate nearly proportional to the copper concentration. All potential/time curves tend to reach a plateau, while quantitative measurements using radioactive tracers revealed that during a few tens of minutes, copper ions were continuously reduced on the silicon surface. Results are interpreted in terms of the mixed‐potential theory and lead to the conclusion that copper nuclei act as a catalyst which enhances the cathodic activity for proton reduction. The model was supported by atomic force microscopy observations which showed the initiation of corrosion pits around the nuclei.
Design and control of a 2 degree of freedom upper limb robotic rehabilitation device (2013)

Robotic neurorehabilitation is a rapidly growing field in both research and industry. Robotics offer the ability to create less labor-intensive rehabilitation for therapists, while providing an interactive experience for patients. Robotic therapy also provides the advantage of object data collection for therapists to track patient progress; however, there is still both a clinical and market need for a low-cost, assistive hand rehabilitation system. Therefore, the comprehensive design, control, and initial testing of an actuated, assistive 2 degree of freedom hand rehabilitation system with a virtual environment is presented.
High Performance Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries with Optimized Electrode Configuration and Membrane Selection (2012)

The performance of a vanadium flow battery with no-gap architecture was significantly improved via several techniques. Specifically, gains arising from variation of the overall electrode thickness, membrane thickness, and electrode thermal treatment were studied. There is a trade-off between apparent kinetic losses, mass transfer losses, and ionic resistance as the electrode thickness is varied at the anode and cathode. Oxidative thermal pretreatment of the carbon paper electrode increased the peak power density by 16%. Results of the pretreatment in air showed greater improvement in peak power density compared to that obtained with pretreatment in an argon environment. The highest peak power density in a VRB yet published to the author's knowledge was achieved at a value of 767 mW cm−2 with optimized membrane and electrode engineering.
Constraining a Generative Word Alignment Model with Discriminative Output (2010)

We present a method to constrain a statistical generative word alignment model with the output from a discriminative model. The discriminative model is trained using a small set of hand-aligned data that ensures higher precision in alignment. On the other hand, the generative model improves the recall of alignment. By combining these two models, the alignment output becomes more suitable for use in developing a translation model for a phrase-based statistical machine translation (SMT) system. Our experimental results show that the joint alignment model improves the translation performance. The improvement in average of BLEU and METEOR scores is around 1.0-3.9 points.
Protected qubits and Chern-Simons theories in Josephson junction arrays (2005)

We present general symmetry arguments that show the appearance of doubly degenerate states protected from external perturbations in a wide class of Hamiltonians. We construct the simplest spin Hamiltonian belonging to this class and study its properties both analytically and numerically. We find that this model generally has a number of low energy modes which might destroy the protection in the thermodynamic limit. These modes are qualitatively different from the usual gapless excitations as their number scales as the linear size (instead of volume) of the system. We show that the Hamiltonians with this symmetry can be physically implemented in Josephson junction arrays and that in these arrays one can eliminate the low energy modes with a proper boundary condition. We argue that these arrays provide fault tolerant quantum bits. Further we show that the simplest spin model with this symmetry can be mapped to a very special ${\mathbb{Z}}_{2}$ Chern-Simons model on the square lattice. We argue that appearance of the low energy modes and the protected degeneracy is a natural property of lattice Chern-Simons theories. Finally, we discuss a general formalism for the construction of discrete Chern-Simons theories on a lattice.
Rotation invariant texture recognition using a steerable pyramid (2002)

A rotation-invariant texture recognition system is presented. A steerable oriented pyramid is used to extract representative features for the input textures. The steerability of the filter set allows a shift to an invariant representation via a DFT-encoding step. Supervised classification follows. State-of-the-art recognition results are presented on a 30 texture database with a comparison across the performance of the k-NN, backpropagation and rule-based classifiers. In addition, high accuracy estimation of the input rotation angle is demonstrated.
Parameter Sensitivity Analysis Applied to Modeling Transient Enhanced Diffusion and Activation of Boron in Silicon (2003)

Transient enhanced diffusion (TED) during annealing of implanted boron in silicon greatly impedes the formation of junctions that are sufficiently shallow for advanced complementary metal oxide semiconductor devices. For reasons of cost and efficiency in process development, detailed modeling of TED is often used for designing annealing procedures. However, because model validation depends primarily on fitting experimental dopant profiles, and because realistic models contain dozens of parameters that are poorly known, development of a unique set of rate parameters with true predictive capability has proven elusive. Here we have employed formal parameter sensitivity analysis by the finite difference method to show that the activation energies most critical to know accurately are those for interstitial boron diffusion, kick-in, and dissociation of the complex to liberate either interstitial B (kick-out) or Si. Maximum likelihood estimation is also applied to the literature for interstitial cluster formation to determine a most likely set of activation energies for cluster dissociation. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Photoluminescence of Si Microcrystals Embedded in SiO<sub>2</sub> Glass Films (1994)

Si microcrystals were doped into SiO 2 glass film by the rf magnetron sputtering technique. The average diameter of Si microcrystals was estimated by transmission electron microscopy observation. The dependence of photoluminescence of Si microcrystals on the average diameter is discussed in detail. The absorption of Si microcrystals and the photoluminescence for the larger diameter (≥ 3 nm) seem to be determined by the bulk property of a quantum dot. For the smaller diameter (≤ 3 nm), surface effects of a quantum dot seem to play a role in the photoluminescence. The experimental line shape of the PL spectrum was explained theoretically by the inhomogeneous broadening of the size distribution function of a quantum dot for the larger diameter (> 3 nm).
An Asymmetric Model for the Nucleosome: A Binding Site for Linker Histones Inside the DNA Gyres (1996)

Histone-DNA contacts within a nucleosome influence the function of trans-acting factors and the molecular machines required to activate the transcription process. The internal architecture of a positioned nucleosome has now been probed with the use of photoactivatable cross-linking reagents to determine the placement of histones along the DNA molecule. A model for the nucleosome is proposed in which the winged-helix domain of the linker histone is asymmetrically located inside the gyres of DNA that also wrap around the core histones. This domain extends the path of the protein superhelix to one side of the core particle.
A Family of Photolabile Nitroveratryl-Based Surfactants That Self-Assemble into Photodegradable Supramolecular Structures (2016)

Here we report the synthesis and characterization of a family of photolabile nitroveratryl-based surfactants that form different types of supramolecular structures depending on the alkyl chain lengths ranging from 8 to 12 carbon atoms. By incorporating a photocleavable α-methyl-o-nitroveratryl moiety, the surfactants can be degraded, along with their corresponding supramolecular structures, by light irradiation in a controlled manner. The self-assembly of the amphiphilic surfactants was characterized by conductometry to determine the critical concentration for the formation of the supramolecular structures, transmission electron microscopy to determine the size and shape of the supramolecular structures, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) to determine the hydrodynamic diameter of the structures in aqueous solutions. The photodegradation of the surfactants and the supramolecular structures was confirmed using UV-vis spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and DLS. This surfactant family could be potentially useful in drug delivery, organic synthesis, and other applications.