gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the tricho‐dento‐osseous syndrome genotype and phenotype (1997)

The tricho-dento-osseous (TDO) syndrome demonstrates kinky curly hair, thin-pitted enamel, taurodontism, and thickening of cortical bone. The purpose of this investigation was to characterize the phenotypic variation of TDO in 3, previously unreported, kindreds and to examine possible candidates for the genomic TDO locus. Thirty-three affected and 20 unaffected individuals were recruited for prospective analysis. Participants were evaluated clinically and photographed by one examiner. Blood was drawn for genetic linkage analyses and radiographs were taken to assess dental and skeletal characteristics. All TDO individuals with teeth had generalized thin and/or pitted enamel hypoplasia. Taurodontism was present in all affected individuals, but was variably expressed. Unique kinky/curly hair at birth was reported in 85% of affected individuals. The curly hair phenotype was retained in 46% of affected individuals after infancy. Thick cranial bones, lack of visible pneumatization of the mastoid process, and/or obliteration of the calvarial diploë was seen in 97% of affected persons compared with 30% of the unaffected individuals. The findings suggest that curly hair at birth, enamel hypoplasia, and taurodontism are highly penetrant yet clinically variable components of TDO. The ABO, Kell, and Gc loci previously suggested to be linked to TDO were excluded as candidates in this TDO population. This investigation characterizes the marked variability in the expression of skeletal, hair, and dental manifestations. The broad range of TDO phenotypes seen in these families, including a variety of skeletal changes, does not support subdividing TDO into multiple subtypes based on subtle phenotypic differences.
Glycerol Copolyesters:  Control of Branching and Molecular Weight Using a Lipase Catalyst (2005)

Immobilized Lipase B from Candida antartica (Novozyme 435) catalyzed bulk polycondensations at 70 °C for 42 h that resulted in hyperbranched polyesters with octanediol-adipate and glycerol-adipate repeat units. Instead of using organic solvents, the monomers adipic acid (A2), 1,8-octanediol (B2), and glycerol (B‘B2) were combined to form monophasic ternary mixtures. During the first 18 h of a copolymerization with monomer feed ratio (A2 to B2 to B‘B2) 1.0:0.8:0.2 mol/mol, the regioselectivity of Novozyme 435 resulted in linear copolyesters. Extending the reaction to 42 h gave hyperbranched copolymers with dendritic glycerol units. The % regioselectivity for esterifications at the primary glycerol positions ranged from 77 to 82% and was independent of glycerol content in the monomer feed. Variation of glycerol in the monomer feed gave copolymers with degree of branching (DB) from 9 to 58%. In one example, a hyperbranched copolyester with 18 mol % glycerol−adipate units was formed in 90% yield, with Mw 75 600 (by SEC-MALLS), Mw/Mn 3.1, and DB 19%. Generalized structures were created to depict that for hyperbranched glycerol copolyesters and the progression of products formed at reaction times from 5 min to 42 h.
Pidotimod: A Reappraisal (2009)

Pidotimod (Polimod ) is a synthetic dipeptide molecule with biological and immunological activity on both the adaptive and the innate immune responses. In vitro studies, both from animal and human specimens, have documented a good activity on innate and adaptive immune responses and have been confirmed by in vivo studies. These activities have been applied in clinical studies demonstrating the efficacy of pidotimod in reducing the rate of recurrent infections of the upper respiratory and urinary tracts in children. The same results were obtained in recurrent respiratory tract infections in adults. Interestingly, these effects are more evident in the setting of immune defects such as senescence, Downs syndrome, and cancer.
Inhibition of Bordetella pertussis filamentous hemagglutinin-mediated cell adherence with monoclonal antibodies (1993)

Filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), a 220-kDa protein located on the surface of Bordetella pertussis, is one of the major cell adhesins of this bacterium. We have produced three hybridoma cell lines that express monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against FHA: X3C, X3E and X4B. The anti-FHA mAbs X3C and X3E reacted with 220-kDa FHA protein bands on Western blots. The mAb X4B, which reacted with FHA in ELISA, did not bind to FHA in a Western blot assay. All three mAbs seemed to be directed to the same epitope or to epitopes in close proximity as suggested by competition ELISAs. All three mAbs were able to inhibit the adherence of Chinese hamster ovary cells to purified FHA, and they could also inhibit the FHA-mediated agglutination of goose red blood cells. The attachment of B. pertussis to epithelial cell monolayers was inhibited by the mAb X3C. These antibodies are very useful probes to identify the presence of FHA in bordetellae species and in clinical reagents such as pertussis vaccines, and to characterize the functional domains of this important bacterial adhesin.
L-Ornithyltaurine, a new salty peptide (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTL-Ornithyltaurine, a new salty peptideMakoto Tada, Ichizo Shinoda, and Hideo OkaiCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1984, 32, 5, 992–996Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00125a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00125a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views411Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cloning of the <i>maoA</i> Gene that Encodes Aromatic Amine Oxidase of <i>Escherichia coli</i> W3350 and Characterization of the Overexpressed Enzyme (1996)

The mao operon of Escherichia coli W3350, which comprises the genes maoC and maoA, was cloned and appeared to be similar to that of Klebsiella aerogenes [Sugino, H., Sasaki, M., Azakami, H., Yamashita, M. & Murooka, Y. (1992) J. Bacteriol. 174, 2485-2492]. The gene that encodes aromatic amine oxidase (maoA) was isolated, sequenced, and expressed in E. coli TG2. The purified enzyme exhibited properties characteristic of a copper/topaquinone(TPQ)-containing amine oxidase with respect to the optical absorption and EPR spectra, the size of the subunits, and the optical absorption spectra obtained upon derivatization with hydrazines. However, high-resolution anion-exchange chromatography revealed that the preparation was heterogeneous. The enzyme preparation appeared to consist of at least four enzyme species with different specific activities, A474nm/A340nm ratios and TPQ/subunit ratios. Since the overall properties of the overexpressed enzyme and the authentic enzyme were similar and the separated enzyme species had identical N-terminal amino acid sequences, the heterogeneity does not seem to be caused by improper expression of the gene in the recombinant strain but by factors that interfere with the processing of the specific tyrosine in the precursor enzyme to functional TPQ. Although other causes cannot be excluded, the spectral data and TPQ/subunit ratios reported in the literature for other amine oxidases suggest that suboptimal synthesis of functional TPQ also occurs in other organisms.
Robotization in Seismic Acquisition (2013)

The amount of sources and detectors in the seismic method follows “Moore’s Law of seismic data acquisition”, i.e., it increases approximately by a factor of 10 every 10 years. Therefore automation is unavoidable, leading to robotization of seismic data acquisition. Recently, we introduced a new source concept that replaces today’s complex, local, broadband source arrays by distributed source arrays of simple, narrow-band sources (DSAs). This concept is not only most favorable for blended acquisition, it is also very suitable to decentralize the entire seismic acquisition system. E.g., think of a relatively large number of autonomous shooting boats (N), each boat equipped with a simple, narrow-band source and a local vector cable with M sensors. Together, all narrow-band sources illuminate the subsurface with an incoherent wavefield that is characterized by a high spatial and temporal bandwidth. Since each of the N sources fires into the M sensors of each of the N cables, the number of acquired multi-offset, multi-azimuth traces equals MN2! On land, data collection could be automated by introducing wireless geophones to be planted by robots. However, a far more interesting option is to use advanced airborne sensing technology, for simultaneously recording the seismic response of an entire area, supplemented with a sparse distribution of high-quality seismic sensors for calibration purposes. In our view such calibration sensors are ’unmanned flying objects’. In the Delphi Consortium, recently an innovation project on the robotization of seismic acquisition has started.
Simple and Accurate Models for Capacitance Considering Floating Metal Fill Insertion (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> In this paper, we analyze and model the impact of floating dummy fill on the signal capacitance considering various parameters including signal dimensions, dummy shape and dimensions. Intra-layer dummy has its greatest impact on coupling capacitance while inter-layer dummy has larger impact on the ground capacitance component. Based on this analysis, we propose simple capacitance models (Cc for intra-layer dummy and Cg for inter-layer dummy). To consider realistic cases with both signals and metal fill in adjacent layers, we apply a weighting function approach to the Cg model. We verify this model using benchmark circuits and find that total net capacitance with floating fill can be extracted within <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${\sim 1}\%$</tex></formula> of field solver results on average with total extraction runtime reductions of up to 40%. When evaluating the incremental capacitance due to fill alone, average error of the models range from 2%–15% across benchmarks and fill-related runtime overhead is reduced by 60%–88%. </para>
De la lectura exigente a la escritura responsable: Entrevista a Isaac Rosa (2010)

In this study, the dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibition activities of a series of novel aminomethyl-piperidones were investigated by molecular docking studies and modeled by quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) methodology. Molecular docking studies were used to find the best conformations of the studied molecules in the active site of DPP-IV protein. Then the best docking-derived conformation for each molecule was applied for calculating the molecular descriptors. Multiple linear regression (MLR) and Levenberg-Marquardt artificial neural network (LM-ANN) were conducted on descriptors derived by docking. The results of these models revealed the superiority of LM-ANN model over MLR which showed the nonlinear relationship between the selected molecular descriptors and DPP-IV inhibition activities of studied molecules. The correlation coefficient (R) and standard error (SE) of ANN model were 0.983 and 0.103 for the training set and 0.966 and 0.168 for the external test set. These results showed a close agreement between the experimental and calculated values of pIC<sub>50</sub> which demonstrated the robustness of LM-ANN model in modeling of aminomethyl-piperidones. Applicability domain analysis and sensitivity analysis were applied on the obtained models. This study gives useful information for further experimental studies on DPP-IV inhibitors. The results of this work reveal the applicability of hybrid docking-QSAR methodology in ligand-protein studies.
Fiber-optic temperature sensor based on interference of selective higher-order modes (2006)

A fiber-optic temperature sensor based on the interference of selective higher-order modes in circular optical fibers is described. The authors demonstrate that by coupling the LP01 mode in a standard single-mode fiber to the LP0m modes in a multimode fiber, and utilizing the interference of the higher-order modes, a fiber-optic temperature sensor which has an extremely simple structure and is suitable for high-temperature measurements can be constructed. The sensing principle, temperature measurement experiments, and results are presented.
Insulin in the Brain: A Hormonal Regulator of Energy Balance* (1992)

EARLY studies of brain glucose metabolism established the axiom that insulin is not required for utilization of glucose by the central nervous system (CNS) (1). A corollary to this concept was the belief that circulating insulin is incapable of crossing the bloodbrain barrier (BBB) and is therefore without effects in the brain. While the first of these tenets remains unchallenged, the second has been subjected to detailed scrutiny for over a decade, following the identification of both insulin (2) and its receptor (3) in the adult mammalian brain. Early reports of relatively high concentrations of insulin in brain extracts raised the possibility that insulin is synthesized and released locally in the CNS, as had been established for several other peptide hormones (2). Recent investigations, however, indicate that “brain insulin” is derived largely from the circulation (4), and a growing body of evidence suggests that its delivery into the neuropil may be facilitated by a specialized BBB transport system (5, 6). Moreover, insulin produces marked effects on food intake behavior and is implicated in the central regulation of autonomic function. Thus, although our current understanding of the roles played by insulin in the brain is far from complete, the early perception of the brain as an insulin-insensitive tissue can no longer be considered tenable. In this article, we review recent literature related to the hypothesis that insulin is an afferent CNS signal which regulates normal energy balance.
PREDICTORS OF METASTATIC DISEASE IN MEN WITH BIOCHEMICAL FAILURE FOLLOWING RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY (2004)

The risk of detecting metastatic disease by bone scan or pelvic CT in men with biochemical recurrence following RP with PSA doubling time greater than 6 months is low despite marked PSA increases up to 90 ng/ml. In men with PSA doubling time less than 6 months the risk of detecting metastatic disease markedly increases when PSA is greater than 10 ng/ml. These results have important implications for the timing of imaging in patients with biochemical recurrence following RP.
Effect of Valsartan on Angiotensin II–Induced Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Biosynthesis in Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells (2001)

Previous studies have shown that angiotensin II stimulates the synthesis of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in cultured vascular cells, which suggests that activation of the renin-angiotensin system may impair fibrinolysis. We have investigated the effects of angiotensin II and of valsartan, a recently developed angiotensin II antagonist that is highly specific and selective for the angiotensin II subtype 1 receptor, on plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 secretion by smooth muscle cells isolated from rat and human vessels. Angiotensin II induced a time- and concentration-dependent increase of plasminogen activator inhibitor activity in supernatants of rat aortic cells, which reached a plateau after 6 hours of incubation with 100 nmol/L angiotensin II (2.4+/-0.6-fold over control value; P:<0.001). The angiotensin II-induced plasminogen activator inhibitor activity was inhibited, in a concentration-dependent manner, by valsartan with an IC(50) value of 21 nmol/L. Valsartan fully prevented the angiotensin II-induced increase in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 protein and mRNA. Furthermore, angiotensin II doubled the secretion of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 by smooth muscle cells obtained from human umbilical and internal mammary arteries, and valsartan fully prevented it. Angiotensin II did not affect the secretion of tissue plasminogen activator antigen by any of the cell systems tested. Thus, valsartan effectively inhibits angiotensin II-induced plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 secretion without affecting that of tissue plasminogen activator in arterial rat and human smooth muscle cells.
A prioritized battery-aware routing protocol for wireless ad hoc networks (2005)

It is a challenge area in the field of ad hoc networks to support prioritized routing for time sensitive applications, such as multimedia communications, IP telephony and interactive games. However the existing protocols did not consider the special battery discharging behavior of wireless devices. The limited power supply on wireless devices becomes the bottleneck for prioritized routing in ad hoc networks. Recent study in battery technology reveals that the behavior of battery discharging is more complex than we used to think. Battery powered wireless devices might waste a huge amount of energy if we do not carefully schedule and budget their discharging. In this paper we study the effect of battery behavior on prioritized routing in ad hoc networks. We provide a solution to measure the battery status with a simplified battery model. Based on this model we then present a prioritized battery-aware routing protocol (PBAR). The protocol is sensitive to the battery status of routing nodes and can avoid energy loss. We use the battery data from actual PDA, laptop and cellphone to evaluate the performance of our protocol. The results show that the PBAR performs well for prioritized service and can save a significant amount of energy compared to existing protocols. The network lifetime is also increased as well as its data throughput. As far as we know, this is the first work considering battery-awareness with an accurate analytical on-line computable battery model in ad hoc prioritized routing.
The eye of the blind mole rat, Spalax ehrenbergi. Rudiment with hidden function? (1990)

The rudimentary eyes of the mole rat (Spalax ehrenbergi) are located under the skin and do not respond to light stimuli. However, removal of the eyes disturbs photoperiod perception in these animals. To help clarify the possibly remaining function of the eyes in this species, the authors studied their development and ultrastructure. In the early embryos the presumptive eye regions--the epithelium, lens vesicle, and optic cup--appear initially normal. As development progresses, the iris-ciliary body complex originates prematurely from the margin of the optic cup and shows a very rapid and massive growth. This pigment-laden tissue mass remains attached to the corneal stroma, obliterates the anterior chamber, and prevents the formation of the corneal endothelium and Descemet's membrane. In the developing lens the elongation of the lens fibers leads to the formation of a rudimentary lens nucleus that becomes disorganized and vacuolated and eventually also becomes vascularized. The optic fissure fails to close, the eyes remain colobomatous, and the optic disc appears atrophic. In contrast, retinal histogenesis progresses relatively normally, resulting in structurally reduced but well-differentiated photoreceptor, neuronal, and ganglion cell layers in the adult eye. Immunohistochemically, the presence of opsin could be demonstrated in the photoreceptor cells. The latter features may indicate that these rudimentary eyes are still functioning in the complex neuroendocrine pathways mediating photoperiodicity.
Vapor Growth and Tunable Lasing of Band Gap Engineered Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Micro/Nanorods with Triangular Cross Section (2016)

Although great efforts have been devoted to the synthesis of halide perovskites nanostructures, vapor growth of high-quality one-dimensional cesium lead halide nanostructures for tunable nanoscale lasers is still a challenge. Here, we report the growth of high-quality all-inorganic cesium lead halide alloy perovskite micro/nanorods with complete composition tuning by vapor-phase deposition. The as-grown micro/nanorods are single-crystalline with a triangular cross section and show strong photoluminescence which can be tuned from 415 to 673 nm by varying the halide composition. Furthermore, these single-crystalline perovskite micro/nanorods themselves function as effective Fabry-Perot cavities for nanoscale lasers. We have realized room-temperature tunable lasing of cesium lead halide perovskite with low lasing thresholds (∼14.1 μJ cm<sup>-2</sup>) and high Q factors (∼3500).
Bi-Directional Trajectory Tracking With Variable Block-Size Motion Estimation for Frame Rate Up-Convertor (2014)

This paper presents bi-directional trajectory tracking with variable block-size motion estimation for frame rate up-conversion (FRUC) based on the algorithm/architecture co-exploration (AAC) design methodology. Due to concurrent exploration in both algorithm and architecture domains, the designed system requires fewer computations and lowers hardware cost, but is capable of enhancing the accuracy of motion vectors (MVs) by allowing MV refinement from coarse-grained to fine-grained. In addition, a method that uses multiple block candidates tracked by bi-directional MVs for interpolation is also presented to improve visual quality. Benefiting from AAC, we can extract architectural information at algorithmic design phase to determine the most feasible architecture; then, the proposed algorithm can be mapped onto target platform smoothly. The proposed FRUC system, which is capable of converting the frame rate from 60 fps up to 120 fps at full HD (1920 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\times$</tex> </formula> 1080) resolution, was successfully implemented and verified on a field-programmable gate array. This FRUC system's performance has not only been shown to surpass state-of-art alternatives in algorithmic performance, but its hardware cost is less than the comparable works described in the literature.
IGBT Fault Protection Based on di/dt Feedback Control (2007)

Customer power modules built with the latest IGBT chips may be operated to their extreme conditions in terms of junction temperature, switching speed and voltage and current ratings. This is of particular advantageous in electric/hybrid vehicle applications where power density is a critical design factor. With IGBTs operated at extreme conditions the fault response time with a traditional IGBT fault protection approach, such as Vce sensing approach, may not be fast enough. This paper presents a circuit configuration to identify an IGBT fault current by means of measuring the induced voltage across the stray inductance between the IGBT Kelvin emitter and power emitter. Upon fault current detection a feedback control is introduced to dynamically control the di/dt of the fault current. Once the fault current is contained at a predetermined level, a slow turn off mechanism is deployed. The effectiveness of the proposed IGBT protection scheme was validated with customer power modules using Infineon 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> generation IGBT chips rated at 600 V 1000 A for 100 kW electric drive systems used in fuel cell powered electric vehicles.