gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ferrofluid hydrodynamics: waves, jets and free drops (2001)

A novel approach to hydrodynamical studies uses the bulk force properties of magnetic liquids to probe the dynamics of (i) freely suspended drops; and (ii) unstable surface waves and jets. The fluid dynamics are imaged by a fast CCD camera, allowing thorough analysis of these time-dependent phenomena. Ferrofluid drops are freely suspended in air by using magnetic fields to create an attractive force opposing gravity. The suspended drop then undergoes forced oscillations by perturbing the supporting magnetic field, and exhibits high order nonlinear modes of oscillation which can be driven until the drop bifurcates. Fluid surface waves and jets are investigated in cylindrical geometry. Nonlinear waves are magnetically driven, resulting in dramatic jets when the critical amplitude is exceeded. Such jets are observed to have a maximum acceleration exceeding 70g.
An efficient approach to predict solder fatigue life and its application to SM- and area array components (2002)

The paper describes theoretical predictions and experimental observations of solder fatigue in different Sn-63Pb-37 solder joints. Experimental characterisation of solder-behaviour is performed by both thermal cycling of Surface Mount (SM) solder joints and mechanical cycling of ring and plug specimen. Detailed studies of the microstructure in solders after temperature cycling as well as after mechanical cycling have shown the same type of microstructural degradation. This degradation can be described by overall coarsening, local coarsening, recrystallisation, crack initiation and propagation. The computational method to assess the cyclic damage of solder is based upon non-linear finite element calculation results. Comparison of calculation and test results have demonstrated better predictive capabilities when the Coffin-Manson criterion takes into account creep strain distribution within the joint and not only its maximum value. It is shown that Plastic Ball Grid Arrays (PBGA) achieve a high solder joint reliability and exhibit no reliability drawbacks when compared to Plastic Quad Flat Packages (PQFP) with a similar pin count. Additionally, solder bump fatigue of underfilled flip chip assemblies is investigated. It is demonstrated that the mechanical stiffness of underfill has a major impact on bump stresses.
Thermally Stabilized Poly(lactide)s Stereocomplex with Bio-Based Aromatic Groups at Both Initiating and Terminating Chain Ends (2013)

In order to improve the thermal stability of polylactides (PLA), conjugation approaches have been applied to both the terminal and initiating chain end of PLA. We selected benzyl alcohol as the initiator to introduce an aromatic group at one end. The terminal hydroxyl group of the resultant PLAs was conjugated with 3,4-diacetoxycinnamic acid (DACA). The modified polymers showed a dramatic improvement in their thermal decomposing temperature (T10) from 326 to 355 °C. The stereocomplexation of the modified PLAs could be achieved by a variety of molecular weight (Mn) combination. The melting temperature (Tm) increased after stereocomplexation with any size of polymer mixture, but the best improvements on thermal properties in both Tm and T10 were obtained by a mixture of specific Mn ranges of enantiomeric PLAs (Mn = 11 400 and 9600). In contrast, the longer and shorter Mn discouraged the simultaneous improvements in the Tm and T10, suggesting that a balance of chain end groups and stereocomplexation efficiency was important.
Brands as Beacons: A New Source of Loyalty to Multiproduct Firms (2004)

This study provides evidence that a multiproduct firm's portfolio of products affects consumer purchase decisions about each of the firm's products. The authors present a theory that explains this empirical regularity. The theory involves revising the information set of consumers to include the profile of multiproduct firms. The authors show that revision of the information set in this way introduces a new source of consumer loyalty and explains interesting empirical regularities in consumer behavior. For example, consumers are loyal to a multiproduct firm even when it does not offer a product that matches their preferences better than a product of competing firms. The authors estimate the model and test its implications using panel data on television viewing choices. The estimated model also allows for state-dependence parameters and unobserved heterogeneity. The empirical results support the model and its implications. The model offers a parsimonious framework for brand-extension strategies and maps new channels of spillovers in a multiproduct firm.
Effect of the Women's Health Initiative on Osteoporosis Therapy and Expenditure in Medicaid (2006)

A dramatic decline in HRT and continued rise in bisphosphonate prescribing has occurred since the publication of the WHI. During this time, there have also been substantial increases in osteoporosis medication spending within Medicaid. Determining whether these trends are clinically appropriate and cost effective for osteoporosis therapy will have important implications for the development of future drug reimbursement programs, especially for elderly patients.
The dynamics of groundwater flow in the shallow regolith of Uganda. (1994)

Groundwater resources are developed throughout equatorial Africa in an effort to provide the largely rural communities with a source of potable water. Over the last decade, interest in the shallow groundwaters of the regolith has gained considerable momentum with the recognition that the regolith may provide a more sustainable and less costly source for rural water supplies than the underlying bedrock fractures which have traditionally been exploited. Despite this attention, basic questions regarding both the geochemical evolution and the hydrogeological nature of the regolith remain unresolved. Particular concerns are the timing and volume of recharge, the hydrogeological characteristics of the aquifer material and the hydraulic interaction of the regolith with the underlying bedrock aquifer. Recent work in two catchments of Uganda has investigated the groundwater dynamics in the regolith using a combination of piezometer tests, hydrochemistry, groundwater flow modelling as well as regional meteorological and land-use records. Estimated recharge to the regolith aquifer, based upon soil moisture balance models and stable isotope signatures, reveals a seasonal and spatial variability that appears to affect both the development of the regolith as an aquifer, and the availability of groundwater on a sustained basis. Pumping test and flow model studies indicate that while the regolith represents the most important aquifer in the region from a short-term yield perspective, its future development must recognize that the aquifer does not always function independently and is locally connected with the underlying bedrock to form an integrated aquifer system.
Standing surface acoustic wave technology applied for micro-particle concentration in oil (2018)

Oil lubrication plays an important role in a variety of mechanical equipment. The traditional purification method is difficult to remove the tiny impurity size of 5-15 μm. Three different types of the transducers and its preparation methods were used in the experiment. The phenomenon that the impurity particles in viscous fluid by the acoustic radiation force was moved the wave node position and focused on the center line was observed by the super-depth microscope. The influence factors of the produced SSAW, particle force condition and movement track were analyzed. The experimental results show that the interdigital transducer can be used to generate SSAW, so as to achieve the separation effect of oil and suspended particles.
Clinical Pharmacology in HIV Therapy (2018)

The success of combination antiretroviral therapy in the treatment of HIV-1-positive individuals has shifted clinical attention toward combination antiretroviral drug regimens that optimize tolerability, long-term safety, and durable efficacy. Wherever patients have access to treatment, morbidity and mortality are increasingly driven by non-HIV-associated comorbidities, which may be observed earlier than in age-matched controls and despite the best available combination antiretroviral therapy. Similarly, HIV-1-positive individuals are now diagnosed and treated earlier with anticipated lifelong therapy. The contribution of specific antiretroviral agents to long-term morbidity and mortality is dependent on the pharmacologic characteristics of these agents, and it is increasingly important in this context.
Multi-GPU MapReduce on GPU Clusters (2011)

We present GPMR, our stand-alone MapReduce library that leverages the power of GPU clusters for large-scale computing. To better utilize the GPU, we modify MapReduce by combining large amounts of map and reduce items into chunks and using partial reductions and accumulation. We use persistent map and reduce tasks and stress aspects of GPMR with a set of standard MapReduce benchmarks. We run these benchmarks on a GPU cluster and achieve desirable speedup and efficiency for all benchmarks. We compare our implementation to the current-best GPU-MapReduce library (runs only on a solo GPU) and a highly-optimized multi-core MapReduce to show the power of GPMR. We demonstrate how typical MapReduce tasks are easily modified to fit into GPMR and leverage a GPU cluster. We highlight how total and relative amounts of communication affect GPMR. We conclude with an exposition on the types of MapReduce tasks well-suited to GPMR, and why some tasks need more modifications than others to work well with GPMR.
Skin sealants: an effective option for closing cerebrospinal fluid leakage. (2004)

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and surgical wound leaks are a common postoperative complication in neurosurgical or otolaryngological procedures.1 Conservative treatments are usually used first for this potentially serious complication, but persistent leakage can require surgical intervention. Liquid skin sealants have been recognized for their possible usefulness in addressing persistent surgical leakage.2,3,4 We report our experience of 6 cases of postoperative, low-volume CSF leaks that were treated successfully with such a sealant. Our goal is to increase general awareness of this safe, simple and effective treatment that can be used in conjunction with conservative management.
Treatment of Children With Medulloblastomas With Reduced-Dose Craniospinal Radiation Therapy and Adjuvant Chemotherapy: A Children's Cancer Group Study (1999)

These overall survival rates compare favorably to those obtained in studies using full-dose radiation therapy alone or radiation therapy plus chemotherapy. The results suggest that reduced-dose craniospinal radiation therapy and adjuvant chemotherapy during and after radiation is a feasible approach for children with nondisseminated medulloblastoma.
Cell-free synthesis of fish preproinsulin, and processing by heterologous mammalian microsomal membranes. (1977)

Poly(A)-containing mRNA isolated from the islets of Langerhans obtained from two species of fish, angler fish (Lophius americanus) and sea raven (Hemitripterus americanus), stimulated protein synthesis 16-fold in a wheat germ cell-free system. Characterization of the translation products by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate showed a major polypeptide weighing 11,500 daltons that was specifically precipitated by an antibody against angler fish insulin. Partial sequence analysis of the amino terminal revealed that this polypeptide is preproinsulin, in which the amino terminus of proinsulin is preceded by either 23 (angler fish) or 25 (sea raven) amino acid residues. Translation of fish islet mRNA in a wheat germ cell-free system in the presence of dog pancreas microsomal membranes led to the correct cleavage of the nascent preproinsulin, resulting in the synthesis of authentic fish proinsulin, as verified by partial sequence analysis. Moreover, the synthesized fish proinsulin was segregated, presumably into the luminal space of the dog pancreas microsomal vesicles, because it was found to be resistant to proteolysis by added trypsin and chymotrypsin. Our data thus suggest that the mechanisms and information for the transfer of secretory proteins across the microsomal membrane are highly conserved during evolution.
New frontiers in oncology: Immune checkpoint inhibitors incombination therapy (2017)

Substantial progress has been achieved in recent years in the field of cancer immunotherapy, with various strategies employed to elicit a host immune response against the tumor. Monoclonal antibodies have been successfully utilized in clinical trials to block key mediators of immune checkpoint pathways, including cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4, programmed cell death protein 1 and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1. Patients with a range of malignancies have been treated in these clinical trials, and significant benefits were reported among the majority of participants. In order to optimize the efficacy of anticancer immunotherapies, immune checkpoint inhibitors are being tested in combination with other therapeutics, such as immunomodulators, armed oncolytic viruses, chemotherapeutics and radiation therapy. This review discusses the important achievements reported in the field of immuno-oncology, along with a glimpse at future directions.
Yellow Fever: A Disease that Has Yet to be Conquered (2006)

Yellow fever virus (YFV) is the prototype member of the genus Flavivirus, a group of viruses that are transmitted between vertebrates by arthropod vectors. The virus is found in tropical regions of Africa and South America and is transmitted to primates by mosquitoes: Aedes spp. in Africa and Haemagogus and Sabethes spp. in South America. Despite the availability of an effective vaccine, yellow fever (YF) is considered a reemerging disease owing to its increased incidence in the past 25 years. Molecular epidemiologic data suggest there are seven genotypes of YFV that are geographically separated, and outbreaks of disease are more associated with particular genotypes. In addition, the risk of urban YF, owing to transmission of the virus by Aedes aegypti, is increasing in Africa, as is the potential of urban YF returning to South America. Both present serious potential public health problems to large population centers.
Time Scales for Charge Equilibration of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>O</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">q</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mi>≤</mml:mi><mml:mi/><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">q</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="italic"/><mml:mi>≤</mml:mi><mml:mn>8</mml:mn><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:math>Ions during Surface-Channeling Interactions with Au(110) (1995)

We report on measurements of scattered projectile angular and charge state distributions for 3.75 keV/amu ${\mathrm{O}}^{q+}$ $(3\ensuremath{\le}q\ensuremath{\le}8)$ ions surface channeled along the $〈1\overline{1}0〉$ direction of a Au(110) single crystal target. Projectile trajectory calculations indicate that the projectiles spend less than 30 fs within 2 \AA{} of the topmost Au surface layer. Nevertheless, almost complete charge equilibration is observed in the scattered projectile charge state distributions. It is concluded that, already at the target interface, strong screening effects are present which make possible direct capture to the projectile L and M shells in relatively large impact parameter collisions.
High-throughput microcircuit analysis of individual human brains through next-generation multineuron patch-clamp (2019)

Abstract Comparing neuronal microcircuits across different brain regions, species and individuals can reveal common and divergent principles of network computation. Simultaneous patch-clamp recordings from multiple neurons offer the highest temporal and subthreshold resolution to analyse local synaptic connectivity. However, its establishment is technically complex and the experimental performance is limited by high failure rates, long experimental times and small sample sizes. We introduce an in-vitro multipatch setup with an automated pipette pressure and cleaning system facilitating recordings of up to 10 neurons simultaneously and sequential patching of additional neurons. We present hardware and software solutions that increase the usability, speed and data throughput of multipatch experiments which allowed probing of 150 synaptic connections between 17 neurons in one human cortical slice and screening of over 600 connections in tissue from a single patient. This method will facilitate the systematic analysis of microcircuits and allow unprecedented comparisons at the level of individuals.
THERMAL DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF MULTI-PASSAGE INTERNALLY COOLED TURBINE BLADES (2015)

To start I would like to thank the individuals who, in some form, have contributed to my work and success here at UT-Arlington. Starting with my classmates: Weiya, Harsh, Takahiro, La, Katie and Rajeev. Thank you for sharing your knowledge and opinions. To my professor, Dr. Brian Dennis, thank you for working with me to make this project a success and thank you for working with me during my transition. To my personal friends: Chinmay Adhvaryu, thank you for the assistance you provided, no matter where in the United States you or I may have been. Your help has been greatly appreciated and your friendship even more valuable. To Marisa Guzman, thank you for your endless support. This journey has been one that we have contributed to together and can now enjoy our accomplishment.
Drone Detection Using Convolutional Neural Networks with Acoustic STFT Features (2018)

As the use of drones has raised in the city, the regulation of malicious usage of drones is an important issue. However, it is difficult to detect a drone due to its miniaturization and modification. In this paper, we investigate the performance of using the convolutional neural networks (CNN) for detecting drones with the acoustic signals received by a microphone. Since the harmonic characteristics of drones are different from those of the objects that produce similar noise including scooters and motorcycles, the two-dimensional feature employed in the study is made of the normalized short time Fourier transform (STFT) magnitude. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated in terms of detection rate and false alarm rate under various environments. The dataset used in this study consists of the measurements through experiments. The experiments are carried out in the open space with a hovering drone, which is DJI Phantom 3 or Phantom 4. The dataset contains 68,931 frames of drone sound and 41,958 frames of non-drone sound. For the 100-epoch model, the detection rate is 98.97 % and the false alarm rate is 1.28, while the 10-epoch model demonstrates the detection rate of 98.77 % and the false alarm rate of 1.62 %.
Active Illumination for Robot Vision (2007)

A vision sensor is the robot's eye to perceive its environment, but the perception performance can be significantly affected by illumination conditions. This paper presents strategies of adaptive illumination control for robot vision to achieve the best scene interpretation. It investigates how to obtain the most comfortable illumination conditions for a vision sensor. In a "comfort" condition the image reflects the natural properties of the concerned object. "Discomfort" may occur if some scene information is lost. Strategies are proposed to optimize the pose and optical parameters of the luminaire and the sensor, with emphasis on controlling the intensity and avoiding glare.
The adaptive imbalance in base excision–repair enzymes generates microsatellite instability in chronic inflammation (2003)

Chronic infection and associated inflammation are key contributors to human carcinogenesis. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an oxyradical overload disease and is characterized by free radical stress and colon cancer proneness. Here we examined tissues from noncancerous colons of ulcerative colitis patients to determine (a) the activity of two base excision-repair enzymes, AAG, the major 3-methyladenine DNA glycosylase, and APE1, the major apurinic site endonuclease; and (b) the prevalence of microsatellite instability (MSI). AAG and APE1 were significantly increased in UC colon epithelium undergoing elevated inflammation and MSI was positively correlated with their imbalanced enzymatic activities. These latter results were supported by mechanistic studies using yeast and human cell models in which overexpression of AAG and/or APE1 was associated with frameshift mutations and MSI. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that the adaptive and imbalanced increase in AAG and APE1 is a novel mechanism contributing to MSI in patients with UC and may extend to chronic inflammatory or other diseases with MSI of unknown etiology.
Groupwise Conditional Random Forests for Automatic Shape Classification and Contour Quality Assessment in Radiotherapy Planning (2013)

Radiation therapy is used to treat cancer patients around the world. High quality treatment plans maximally radiate the targets while minimally radiating healthy organs at risk. In order to judge plan quality and safety, segmentations of the targets and organs at risk are created, and the amount of radiation that will be delivered to each structure is estimated prior to treatment. If the targets or organs at risk are mislabelled, or the segmentations are of poor quality, the safety of the radiation doses will be erroneously reviewed and an unsafe plan could proceed. We propose a technique to automatically label groups of segmentations of different structures from a radiation therapy plan for the joint purposes of providing quality assurance and data mining. Given one or more segmentations and an associated image we seek to assign medically meaningful labels to each segmentation and report the confidence of that label. Our method uses random forests to learn joint distributions over the training features, and then exploits a set of learned potential group configurations to build a conditional random field (CRF) that ensures the assignment of labels is consistent across the group of segmentations. The CRF is then solved via a constrained assignment problem. We validate our method on 1574 plans, consisting of 17[Formula: see text] 579 segmentations, demonstrating an overall classification accuracy of 91.58%. Our results also demonstrate the stability of RF with respect to tree depth and the number of splitting variables in large data sets.