gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resource-Efficient Security for Medical Body Sensor Networks (2006)

Key management is a fundamental service for medical body sensor network (BSN) security. It provides and manages the cryptographic keys to enable essential security services such as confidentiality, integrity and authentication. In the medical context, the design of a key management service must be consistent with the strict operational and security requirements of healthcare as well as with the resource restrictions of BSN technology. The deterministic pairwise key pre-distribution scheme (DPKPS) allows direct pairwise key establishment in sensor networks. We present a consistent key management service for hospital BSNs based on the DPKPS. We also describe a practical implementation specifically adapted to the strict resource-constraints of the popular MICAz sensor platform. Our performance analysis demonstrates that this key management service enables advanced BSN security services at an extremely low-power and low-memory cost
Photoelectrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage: The Polycrystalline Cell with Different Storage Modes (1977)

The photoelectrochemical cell (PEC) furnishes an alternative to the commercially available photovoltaic cells for the direct conversion of sunlight into electrical energy. It has the distinct advantage over a photovoltaic cell in that storage of the converted energy is possible in situ. Some general principles connected with storage in a PEC are discussed, and experimental evidence is given that, after due development, this mode may be able to compete with the combination photovoltaic cell/storage battery.
Operation of single transistor type ferroelectric random access memory (2004)

Verification was sought for the memory operation of a single transistor type ferroelectric random access memory (1T type FeRAM) with a circuit model for a memory cell transistor combined with a precharged capacitive decoupling sensing scheme. The wiring scheme of the 1T type FeRAM array was also proposed based on the operation of the fabricated memory cell transistor. As a result, the memory operation of 1T type FeRAM was confirmed at a low current level with high sensing speed and no reference cell, and the design and verification of the full chip were achieved.
Lithium Tetraborate Transducer Cuts (1990)

Abstract : Lithium tetraborate is a tetragonal material of considerable promise for frequency control and signal processing applications. It exhibits piezoelectric coupling values that fall between those of lithium niobate and quartz, but possesses orientations for which the temperature coefficient of frequency and delay time is zero for bulk and surface acoustic waves. In this report, we discuss the properties of two doubly rotated bulk wave resonator orientations having both first- and second-order temperature coefficients equal to zero. These are suitable for shear and compressional wave transducers in applications where very low temperature sensitivity is required simultaneously with moderately strong piezocoupling coefficients. (js)
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 1 Targeting Fusion Polypeptides with Stimuli-Responsiveness for Anti-angiogenesis (2023)

Genetically engineered fusion polypeptides have been investigated to introduce unique bio-functionality and improve some therapeutic activity for anti-angiogenesis. We report herein that stimuli-responsive, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) targeting fusion polypeptides composed of a VEGFR1 (fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (Flt1)) antagonist, an anti-Flt1 peptide, and a thermally responsive elastin-based polypeptide (EBP) were rationally designed at the genetic level, biosynthesized, and purified by inverse transition cycling to develop potential anti-angiogenic fusion polypeptides to treat neovascular diseases. A series of hydrophilic EBPs with different block lengths were fused with an anti-Flt1 peptide, forming anti-Flt1-EBPs, and the effect of EBP block length on their physicochemical properties was examined. While the anti-Flt1 peptide decreased phase-transition temperatures of anti-Flt1-EBPs, compared with EBP blocks, anti-Flt1-EBPs were soluble under physiological conditions. The anti-Flt1-EBPs dose dependently inhibited the binding of VEGFR1 against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as well as tube-like network formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells under VEGF-triggered angiogenesis in vitro because of the specific binding between anti-Flt1-EBPs and VEGFR1. Furthermore, the anti-Flt1-EBPs suppressed laser-induced choroidal neovascularization in a wet age-related macular degeneration mouse model in vivo. Our results indicate that anti-Flt1-EBPs as VEGFR1-targeting fusion polypeptides have great potential for efficacious anti-angiogenesis to treat retinal-, corneal-, and choroidal neovascularization.
Off-Line Viral Economic Systems for Digital Media (2007)

We propose a novel viral platform for building an incentivebased off-line market for digital media. A user who owns a multimedia clip, can resell it to other end-users such that the revenue is controlled by the copyright owner. For each transaction, the seller retains part of the revenue as an incentive for participating in the distributed economy. Transactions can be committed off-line anywhere, anytime, and by anyone who owns a mobile media player equipped with a near-field wireless. In this paper we propose and discuss a cryptographic algorithm based upon atomic receipt exchange as a foundation of the platform. We also showcase the profit-making potential of the new platform via a network simulator and an economic model extrapolated from real-life data.
WScore: A Flexible and Accurate Treatment of Explicit Water Molecules in Ligand–Receptor Docking (2016)

We have developed a new methodology for protein-ligand docking and scoring, WScore, incorporating a flexible description of explicit water molecules. The locations and thermodynamics of the waters are derived from a WaterMap molecular dynamics simulation. The water structure is employed to provide an atomic level description of ligand and protein desolvation. WScore also contains a detailed model for localized ligand and protein strain energy and integrates an MM-GBSA scoring component with these terms to assess delocalized strain of the complex. Ensemble docking is used to take into account induced fit effects on the receptor conformation, and protein reorganization free energies are assigned via fitting to experimental data. The performance of the method is evaluated for pose prediction, rank ordering of self-docked complexes, and enrichment in virtual screening, using a large data set of PDB complexes and compared with the Glide SP and Glide XP models; significant improvements are obtained.
Enhancement of the inhibitory effect of an IL‐15 antagonist peptide by alanine scanning (2011)

IL-15 is a proinflammatory cytokine that acts early in the inflammatory response and has been associated with several autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, where it had been proposed as a therapeutic target. We recently reported an IL-15 antagonist peptide corresponding to sequence 36-45 of IL-15 (KVTAMKCFLL) named P8, which specifically binds to IL-15Rα and inhibits IL-15 biological activity with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 130 µ m in CTLL-2 proliferation assay. In order to improve binding of peptide P8 to the receptor IL-15Rα, we used an Ala scan strategy to study contribution of each individual amino acid to the peptide's antagonist effect. Here, we found that Phe and Cys are important for peptide binding to IL-15Rα. We also investigated other single site mutations and replaced the second Lys in the sequence by the polar non-charged amino acid threonine. The resulting peptide [K6T]P8 exhibited a higher activity than P8 with an IC50 of 24 µm. We also found that this peptide was more active than peptide P8 in the inhibition of TNFα secretion by synovial cells from rheumatoid arthritis patients. The peptide [K6T]P8 described in this work is a new type of IL-15 antagonist and constitutes a potential therapeutic agent for rheumatoid arthritis.
Application of a Scalable Plant Transient Gene Expression Platform for Malaria Vaccine Development (2015)

Despite decades of intensive research efforts there is currently no vaccine that provides sustained sterile immunity against malaria. In this context, a large number of targets from the different stages of the Plasmodium falciparum life cycle have been evaluated as vaccine candidates. None of these candidates has fulfilled expectations, and as long as we lack a single target that induces strain-transcending protective immune responses, combining key antigens from different life cycle stages seems to be the most promising route toward the development of efficacious malaria vaccines. After the identification of potential targets using approaches such as omics-based technology and reverse immunology, the rapid expression, purification, and characterization of these proteins, as well as the generation and analysis of fusion constructs combining different promising antigens or antigen domains before committing to expensive and time consuming clinical development, represents one of the bottlenecks in the vaccine development pipeline. The production of recombinant proteins by transient gene expression in plants is a robust and versatile alternative to cell-based microbial and eukaryotic production platforms. The transfection of plant tissues and/or whole plants using Agrobacterium tumefaciens offers a low technical entry barrier, low costs, and a high degree of flexibility embedded within a rapid and scalable workflow. Recombinant proteins can easily be targeted to different subcellular compartments according to their physicochemical requirements, including post-translational modifications, to ensure optimal yields of high quality product, and to support simple and economical downstream processing. Here, we demonstrate the use of a plant transient expression platform based on transfection with A. tumefaciens as essential component of a malaria vaccine development workflow involving screens for expression, solubility, and stability using fluorescent fusion proteins. Our results have been implemented for the evidence-based iterative design and expression of vaccine candidates combining suitable P. falciparum antigen domains. The antigens were also produced, purified, and characterized in further studies by taking advantage of the scalability of this platform.
An Immunoglobulin G1 Monoclonal Antibody Highly Specific to the Wall of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> Oocysts (2000)

The detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in drinking water is critically dependent on the quality of immunofluorescent reagents. Experiments were performed to develop a method for producing highly specific antibodies to Cryptosporidium oocysts that can be used for water testing. BALB/c mice were immunized with six different antigen preparations and monitored for immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM responses to the surface of Cryptosporidium oocysts. One group of mice received purified oocyst walls, a second group received a soluble protein preparation extracted from the outside of the oocyst wall, and the third group received whole inactivated oocysts. Three additional groups were immunized with sequentially prepared oocyst extracts to provide for a comparison of the immune response. Mice injected with the soluble protein extract demonstrated an IgG response to oocysts surface that was not seen in the whole-oocyst group. Mice injected with whole oocysts showed an IgM response only, while mice injected with purified oocyst walls showed little increase in IgM or IgG levels. Of the additional reported preparations only one, BME (2-mercaptoethanol treated), produced a weak IgM response to the oocyst wall. A mouse from the soluble oocyst extract group yielding a high IgG response was utilized to produce a highly specific IgG(1) monoclonal antibody (Cry104) specific to the oocyst surface. Comparative flow cytometric analysis indicated that Cry104 has a higher avidity and specificity to oocysts in water concentrates than other commercially available antibodies.
Design and Potency of Dual Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase/Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Inhibitors (2018)

Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is responsible for regulating concentrations of the endocannabinoid arachidonoyl ethanolamide. Multiple FAAH inhibitors have been developed for clinical trials and have failed to demonstrate efficacy at treating pain, despite promising preclinical data. One approach toward increasing the efficacy of FAAH inhibitors is to concurrently inhibit other targets responsible for regulating pain. Here, we designed dual inhibitors targeting the enzymes FAAH and soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), which are targets previously shown to synergize at reducing inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Exploration of the sEH/FAAH inhibitor structure-activity relationship started with <b>PF-750</b>, a FAAH inhibitor (IC<sub>50</sub> = 19 nM) that weakly inhibited sEH (IC<sub>50</sub> = 640 nM). Potency was optimized resulting in an inhibitor with improved potency on both targets (<b>11</b>, sEH IC<sub>50</sub> = 5 nM, FAAH IC<sub>50</sub> = 8 nM). This inhibitor demonstrated good target selectivity, pharmacokinetic properties (AUC = 1200 h nM, <i>t</i> <sub>1/2</sub> = 4.9 h in mice), and in vivo target engagement.
Two-Dimensional Gas-Phase Separations Coupled to Mass Spectrometry for Analysis of Complex Mixtures (2005)

Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) has been explored for decades, and its versatility in separation and identification of gas-phase ions is well established. Recently, field asymmetric waveform IMS (FAIMS) has been gaining acceptance in similar applications. Coupled to mass spectrometry (MS), both IMS and FAIMS have shown the potential for broad utility in proteomics and other biological analyses. A major attraction of these separations is extremely high speed, exceeding that of condensed-phase alternatives by orders of magnitude. However, modest separation peak capacities have limited the utility of FAIMS and IMS for analyses of complex mixtures. We report 2-D gas-phase separations that join FAIMS to IMS, in conjunction with high-resolution and accuracy time-of-flight (TOF) MS. Implementation of FAIMS/IMS and IMS/MS interfaces using electrodynamic ion funnels greatly improves sensitivity. Evaluation of FAIMS/IMS/TOF performance for a protein mixture tryptic digest reveals high orthogonality between FAIMS and IMS dimensions and, hence, the benefit of FAIMS filtering prior to IMS/MS. The effective peak capacities in analyses of tryptic peptides are approximately 500 for FAIMS/IMS separations and approximately 10(6) for 3-D FAIMS/IMS/MS, providing a potential platform for ultrahigh-throughput analyses of complex mixtures.
Recycling Nylon 6 Carpet to Caprolactam (1999)

Abstract The recycling of nylon 6 carpet via depolymerization provides the potential for an environmentally benign new process to produce world-class caprolactam. This article describes the depolymerization of nylon 6 carpet in the presence of steam under medium pressure (800-1500 kPa, 100-200 psig). A small laboratory apparatus was set up to demonstrate the feasibility of the scheme. A total of eight runs were carried out using ∼180 g of pellitized carpet and 2-6 g/min steam (at 101-1500 kPa, 0-200 psig, and 300-340°C). In our best run at 340°C, 6 g/min of steam, and 1500 kPa (200 psig) for 3 h, we obtained a 95% yield of crude caprolactam. The lactam purity was 94.4%, resulting in an overall 89.7% yield of caprolactam. The laboratory data were used to construct a computer model of the process for both batch and continuous-flow stirred reactors.
Studies on the Application of an Ambulatory Suspension System for Gait Rehabilitation (2004)

The ambulatory suspension system outlined in this paper is presented as a method and apparatus that would assist patients during gait rehabilitation and used as a safety support for patients during exercise. The apparatus is designed to be adjustable, support the weight of the user, does not impede walking and prevents sudden fall. The paper outlines the development and implementation of a 3-axis motorized support system that provides support in a full range of motion; allowing ambulatory impaired patients to safely rehabilitate themselves under the supervision of a physical therapist. The patient requiring gait rehabilitation would be free to traverse a flat plane and climb a number of stairs. This newly designed apparatus can lift a patient from a sitting position in a wheel chair to a standing position and gives the therapist freedom to manually assist the patient in placing their feet and controlling the weight shift. As the patient begins to gain a feel for proper coordinated movement, the amount of weight borne by the patient is gradually increased to better simulate natural walking conditions. This paper details the concept, methodology, prototype, test results and performance optimization of a 3-axis automated motorized suspension system for gait rehabilitation.
Bipolar junction transistor based sensors for chemical and biological sensing (2016)

A bipolar junction transistor (BJT) based sensor is investigated for its sensing characteristics such as sensitivity and signal to noise ratio (SNR). The sensor consists of a bipolar transistor with its base connected to a sensing surface in contact with the solution. Measurements are performed using pH buffer solutions and the sensor sensitivity and signal to noise ratio are shown to be significantly enhanced in comparison to nanowire field effect transistor (FET) sensors. In addition to the pH sensing, detection of single strand DNA is demonstrated. Lastly, the BJT sensor also provides simultaneous temperature measurement.
Identification of Pharmacokinetically Stable 3,10-Dibromo-8-chlorobenzocycloheptapyridine Farnesyl Protein Transferase Inhibitors with Potent Enzyme and Cellular Activities (1999)

Farnesyl protein transferase (FPT) is a promising target for the development of cancer chemotherapeutics because it is responsible for the farnesylation of oncogenic p21 Ras proteins which are found in nearly 30% of all human cancers and necessary for cellular development and growth. The recent discovery and progression to phase II clinical trials of trihalobenzocycloheptapyridine Sch-66336 as a potent inhibitor of FPT with oral, in vivo efficacy in mice have spawned extensive structure-activity relationship studies (SAR) of this class of compounds. Of the many trihalobenzocycloheptapyridine analogues prepared, we have identified several which inhibit FPT and cellular proliferation at single-digit nanomolar concentrations and which have good pharmacokinetic properties in mice.
ThunderNet: A Turbo Unified Network for Real-Time Semantic Segmentation (2019)

Recent research in pixel-wise semantic segmentation has increasingly focused on the development of very complicated deep neural networks, which require a large amount of computational resources. The ability to perform dense predictions in real-time, therefore, becomes tantamount to achieving high accuracies. This real-time demand turns out to be fundamental particularly on the mobile platform and other GPU-powered embedded systems like NVIDIA Jetson TX series. In this paper, we present a fast and efficient lightweight network called Turbo Unified Network (ThunderNet). With a minimum backbone truncated from ResNet18, ThunderNet unifies the pyramid pooling module with our customized decoder. Our experimental results show that ThunderNet can achieve 64.0% mIoU on CityScapes, with real-time performance of 96.2 fps on a Titan XP GPU (512x1024), and 20.9 fps on Jetson TX2 (256x512).
Phase-contrast x-ray imaging using an x-ray interferometer (1998)

(1998). Phase-contrast x-ray imaging using an x-ray interferometer. Synchrotron Radiation News: Vol. 11, No. 5, pp. 27-32.
Template‐Directed Ring‐Closing Metathesis: Synthesis and Polymerization of Unsaturated Crown Ether Analogs (1997)

A highly efficient combination: template directing and olefin metathesis. The polyether dienes 1 react in good yields to give crown ethers 2 in the presence of LiClO4 and the Ru catalyst 3 (Cy = cyclohexyl). Ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of the cyclic olefins 2 results in polymers that are capable of regenerating 2 by template-directed methathesis depolymerization.
Dialdehyde Starch Hydrazones: Preparation and Properties of Cationic Dispersions (1976)

Abstract Cationic dialdehyde starch (DAS) dispersions have been prepared in water at 15% concentration by a new cooking procedure. A stable fluid form of cationic DAS, a wet‐ and dry‐strength agent for paper, should facilitate commercial use. Cationic DAS dispersions of pH 3.0 stored in polyethylene containers at 25°C or below were unchanged after 6 months; other storage conditions were also evaluated. An unexpected benefit of the new preparative conditions was a 40% reduction of cationizing agent, betaine hydrazide hydrochloride, without loss of effectiveness. Further savings may be possible by blending cationic DAS with unmodified starch; wet‐ and dry‐strength improvements were maintained in paper with a blend containing 33% unmodified starch and 67% cationic DAS.
Microstructure and superconducting properties of BiSrCaCuO thin films (1991)

High-Ta superconducting Bi-Sr-Ca--Cu-0 thin films have been prepared by low pressure organometallic chemical vapor deposition (ONCVD). Factors which influence texture and morphology of the OMCVD derived films have been examined, including the effects of precursors, doping and substrates. Under optimal conditions, high quality films with a high degree of preferred orientation are obtained. Initial experiments on in-situ formation of superconducting films are also described.