gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Review of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescriptions in Our Hospital in 2006 (2008)

OBJECTIVE:To improve the writing quality prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicines and to facilitate the standardization of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions.METHODS:A total of 15 000 prescriptions were sampled in our hospital in 2006 for an analysis of the problems in accordance with the related standards specified in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(CP,2005 edition)and the new Prescription management method.RESULTS:The problems manifested as nonstandard in drug name and footnotes,or overdosage and so on.CONCLUSION:We should strengthen the management of the traditional Chinese drugs and improve our pharmaceutical care.
Flight Test Results of a Subscale Super-STOL Aircraft (2020)

This paper presents the results from initial flight tests of a 30\% scale demonstrator of a blown-wing SuperSTOL concept aircraft, intended for operation from extremely short runways of 100 ft or less. The subscale demonstrator is aimed at investigating the maximum achievable in-flight lift coefficients with the blown wing, as well as the control and handling qualities with a mostly conventional aircraft configuration with unblown control surfaces. With a relatively modest amount of blowing power - a static thrust/weight of 0.45 - the flight tests show that the blown wing SuperSTOL concept can generate high lift coefficients greater than 10 in flight. It was observed that reducing the size of the propeller enabled larger $C_L$ values to be achieved. In high-$C_L$ flight the roll control authority of conventional ailerons was found to be marginal, partly due to the low fight dynamic pressure and partly due to the local stall over the unblown part of the aileron. In the configuration tested most of the elevator deflection was consumed to obtain pitch trim at low speed. A finite rotation rate to takeoff attitude was found to significantly contribute to the ground roll distance.
Fine structures in the broadened line of distributed feedback lasers under high-speed direct modulation (1984)

Precise observation of the single longitudinal mode spectrum for distributed feeedback lasers revealed fine structures when the spectrum was broadened by high-speed modulation. A dynamic simulation can explain reasonably the above behavior if the model takes into account the carrier density modulation enhanced by the relaxation oscillation. In this letter, experimental results where both modulation depth and speed were varied are described along with a calculated result.
Bond Strengths of Toluenes, Anilines, and Phenols:  To Hammett or Not (2004)

The Hammett equation correlates the effects of Y on many different chemical properties of YC(6)H(4)ZX families of compounds. One of the most surprising is that the Z-X bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE), a homolytic property, can be correlated for some 4-YC(6)H(4)ZX families with electrophilic substituent constants, sigma(p)(+)(Y), which were largely derived from the rates of the heterolytic S(N)1 solvolyses of para-substituted cumyl chlorides. Although there is no Hammett correlation of the C-X BDEs in 4-YC(6)H(4)CH(2)X (X = H, halide, OPh) families, there are good correlations of N-X BDEs with sigma(p)(+)(Y) in 4-YC(6)H(4)NHX (X = H, CH(3), OH, F) and excellent correlations of O-X BDEs with sigma(p)(+)(Y) in 4-YC(6)H(4)OX (X = H, CH(3), CH(2)Ph) families. The reasons for this varied behavior are discussed.
An OpenCL-Based Acceleration for Canny Algorithm Using a Heterogeneous CPU-FPGA Platform (2019)

Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) provide both performance and power benefits to heterogeneous systems. In this work, we used a closely-coupled CPU-FPGA heterogeneous system to accelerate Canny edge detector algorithm and compared the performance of the hybrid implementation with that of the optimized separate CPU and FPGA implementations. Our results show up to 4.8X speedup for the hybrid implementation over the CPU only implementation and up to 2.1X over the FPGA only implementation.
Ectoparasitic feeding behaviour of the root lesion nematode, Pratylenchus penetrans, on root hairs of different host plants. (1990)

Le comportement nutritionnel de Pratylenchus penetrans sur les poils absorbants a ete observe en microscopie assistee par video a haute resolution. Le comportement peut etre divise en plusieurs phases: reconnaisance, penetration de la cellule par le stylet, salivation et ingestion de nourriture pendant des periodes de duree variable
Helical-Shaped Graphene Tubular Spring Formed Within Microchannel for Wearable Strain Sensor With Wide Dynamic Range (2017)

This article reports on a helical spring-like piezoresistive graphene strain sensor formed within a microfluidic channel. The helical spring has a tubular hollow structure and is made of a thin graphene layer coated on the inner wall of the channel using an in situ microfluidic casting method. The helical shape allows the sensor to flexibly respond to both tensile and compressive strains in a wide dynamic detection range from 24% compressive strain to 20% tensile strain. Fabrication of the sensor involves embedding a helical thin metal wire with a plastic wrap into a precursor solution of an elastomeric polymer, forming a helical microfluidic channel by removing the wire from cured elastomer, followed by microfluidic casting of a graphene thin layer directly inside the helical channel. The wide dynamic range, in conjunction with mechanical flexibility and stretchability of the sensor, will enable practical wearable strain sensor applications where large strains are often involved.
Characterization of Escherichia coli isolated from cases of avian colibacillosis. (1993)

Forty-four western Canadian isolates of Escherichia coli associated with colibacillosis of turkeys and chickens were examined for serotype, antibiotic resistance, and production of aerobactin. The isolates belonged to fourteen O serogroups, with 39% of the strains being non-typeable. A high frequency of resistance to tetracycline, kanamycin, neomycin, cephalothin, streptomycin and erythromycin was observed. Most isolates produced aerobactin. Ten E. coli belonging to serogroups O1, O2 and O78 were also examined for pili production, hemagglutination, serum sensitivity, production of iron-regulated outer membrane proteins (IROMPS), and virulence. All isolates examined produced pili, exhibited mannose-sensitive hemagglutination of avian red blood cells and produced IROMPS under iron-restricted growth conditions. The five isolates of serogroup O1 and O2 were resistant to killing by turkey serum and were highly virulent. Only two of the five isolates of serogroup O78 were serum resistant. No correlation between serum resistance and virulence was observed in serogroup O78.
Synthetic Utility of Stannyl Enolates as Radical Alkylating Agents<sup>1</sup> (2001)

[reaction: see text] The radical-initiated beta-ketoalkylation of haloalkanes with tributylstannyl enolates is described. Stannyl enolates derived from aromatic ketones are reactive toward the homolytic beta-ketoalkylation of simple haloalkanes as well as those activated by an electron-withdrawing group. The reactivity of stannyl enolates as radical alkylating agents can be utilized for an efficient three-component coupling reaction among stannyl enolates, haloalkanes, and electron-deficient alkenes.
Influence of junction angle on three‐dimensional flow structure and bed morphology at confluent meander bends during different hydrological conditions (2014)

Abstract Recent field and modeling investigations have examined the fluvial dynamics of confluent meander bends where a straight tributary channel enters a meandering river at the apex of a bend with a 90° junction angle. Past work on confluences with asymmetrical and symmetrical planforms has shown that the angle of tributary entry has a strong influence on mutual deflection of confluent flows and the spatial extent of confluence hydrodynamic and morphodynamic features. This paper examines three‐dimensional flow structure and bed morphology for incoming flows with high and low momentum‐flux ratios at two large, natural confluent meander bends that have different tributary entry angles. At the high‐angle (90°) confluent meander bend, mutual deflection of converging flows abruptly turns fluid from the lateral tributary into the downstream channel and flow in the main river is deflected away from the outer bank of the bend by a bar that extends downstream of the junction corner along the inner bank of the tributary. Two counter‐rotating helical cells inherited from upstream flow curvature flank the mixing interface, which overlies a central pool. A large influx of sediment to the confluence from a meander cutoff immediately upstream has produced substantial morphologic change during large, tributary‐dominant discharge events, resulting in displacement of the pool inward and substantial erosion of the point bar in the main channel. In contrast, flow deflection is less pronounced at the low‐angle (36°) confluent meander bend, where the converging flows are nearly parallel to one another upon entering the confluence. A large helical cell imparted from upstream flow curvature in the main river occupies most of the downstream channel for prevailing low momentum‐flux ratio conditions and a weak counter‐rotating cell forms during infrequent tributary‐dominant flow events. Bed morphology remains relatively stable and does not exhibit extensive scour that often occurs at confluences with concordant beds. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Controlling the Colour of Metals: Intaglio and Bas-Relief Metamaterials (2010)

The fabrication of indented ('intaglio') or raised ('bas-relief') sub-wavelength metamaterial patterns on a metal surface provides a mechanism for changing and controlling the colour of the metal without employing any form of chemical surface modification, thin-film coating or diffraction effects. We show that a broad range of colours can be achieved by varying the structural parameters of metamaterial designs to tune absorption resonances. This novel approach to the 'structural colouring' of pure metals offers great versatility and scalability for both aesthetic (e.g. jewellery design) and functional (e.g. sensors, optical modulators) applications. We focus here on visible colour but the concept can equally be applied to the engineering of metallic spectral response in other electromagnetic domains.
Oncogenic <i>NRF2</i> mutations in squamous cell carcinomas of oesophagus and skin (2009)

Nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (NRF2) encodes a transcription factor that induces expression of cytoprotective proteins upon oxidative stress and oncogenic NRF2 mutations have been found in lung and head/neck cancers that inactivate KEAP1-mediated degradation of NRF2. The aim of this study was to catalogue NRF2 mutations in other human cancers. For this, we analysed 1145 cancer tissues from carcinomas from oesophagus, skin, uterine cervix, lung, larynx, breast, colon, stomach, liver, prostate, urinary bladder, ovary, uterine cervix, and kidney, and meningiomas, multiple myelomas, and acute leukaemias by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) assay. We detected NRF2 mutations in oesophagus (8/70; 11.4%), skin (1/17; 6.3%), lung (10/125; 8.0%), and larynx (3/23; 13.0%) cancers. Of note, all of the 22 mutations except one were found in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) (95.5%). The mutations were observed within or near DLG and ETGE motifs that are important in NRF2 and KEAP1 interaction. All of the oesophageal SCCs and skin SCCs with the NRF2 mutations showed increased NRF2 expression in the nuclei. However, none of the SCCs from oesophagus and skin harboured KEAP1 mutation. Our study demonstrated here that NRF2 mutation occurs not only in lung and head/neck cancers, but also in oesophageal and skin cancers. Our data suggest that the NRF2 mutation plays a role in the development of SCC and is a feature of SCC.
Anxiolytic Effect of Exogenous Ketone Supplementation Is Abolished by Adenosine A1 Receptor Inhibition in Wistar Albino Glaxo/Rijswijk Rats (2018)

Anxiety disorders are one of the most common mental health problems worldwide, but the exact pathophysiology remains largely unknown. It has been demonstrated previously that administration of exogenous ketone supplement KSMCT (ketone salt/KS + medium chain triglyceride/MCT oil) by intragastric gavage for 7 days decreased the anxiety level in genetically absence epileptic Wistar Albino Glaxo/Rijswijk (WAG/Rij) rats. To investigate the potential role of the adenosinergic system in the pathomechanism of anxiety we tested whether the inhibition of adenosine A<sub>1</sub> receptors (A<sub>1</sub>Rs) influence the anxiolytic effect of the exogenous ketone supplement. As A<sub>1</sub>Rs may mediate such an effect, in the present study we used a specific A<sub>1</sub>R antagonist, DPCPX (1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine) to test whether it modulates the anxiolytic effect of sub-chronically (7 days) applied KSMCT in the previously tested animal model by using elevated plus maze (EPM) test. We administered KSMCT (2.5 g/kg/day) alone by intragastric gavage and in combination with intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected of DPCPX in two doses (lower: 0.15 mg/kg, higher: 0.25 mg/kg). Control groups represented i.p saline and water gavage with or without i.p. DPCPX administration (2.5 g/kg/day). After treatments, the level of blood glucose and beta-hydroxybutyrate (βHB), as well as body weight were recorded. KSMCT alone significantly increased the time spent in the open arms and decreased the time spent in the closed arms, supporting our previous results. Injection of lower dose of DPCPX decreased, while higher dose of DPCPX abolished the effect of KSMCT administration on EPM. Blood βHB levels were significantly increased after administration of KSMCT, while DPCPX did not change the KSMCT induced increase in blood βHB levels. These results demonstrate that A<sub>1</sub>R inhibition modified (decreased) the anti-anxiety effect of KSMCT administration implying that the adenosinergic system, likely <i>via</i> A<sub>1</sub>Rs, may modulate the exogenous ketone supplement induced anxiolytic influence.
Design and analysis of a phase modulator based on a metal–polymer–silicon hybrid plasmonic waveguide (2011)

A plasmonic-hybrid-waveguide-based optical phase modulator is proposed and analyzed. The field enhancement in the low-index high-nonlinear polymer layer provides nanoscale optical confinement and a fast optical modulation speed. At 2.5 V drive voltage, a π phase shift can be obtained for a 13-μm-long plasmonic waveguide. Because of its small capacitance and parasitic resistance, the modulation bandwidth can reach up to 100 GHz with a low power consumption of ∼9 fJ/bit. The plasmonic waveguide is connected to a silicon wire waveguide via an adiabatic taper with a coupling efficiency of ∼91%. The phase modulator can find potential applications in optical telecommunication and interconnects.
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Can Lower Amyloidogenic Aß <sub>42</sub> by Inhibiting Rho (2003)

A subset of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been shown to preferentially reduce the secretion of the highly amyloidogenic, 42-residue amyloid-beta peptide Abeta42. We found that Rho and its effector, Rho-associated kinase, preferentially regulated the amount of Abeta42 produced in vitro and that only those NSAIDs effective as Rho inhibitors lowered Abeta42. Administration of Y-27632, a selective Rock inhibitor, also preferentially lowered brain levels of Abeta42 in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Thus, the Rho-Rock pathway may regulate amyloid precursor protein processing, and a subset of NSAIDs can reduce Abeta42 through inhibition of Rho activity.
Schema Networks: Zero-shot Transfer with a Generative Causal Model of Intuitive Physics (2017)

The recent adaptation of deep neural network-based methods to reinforcement learning and planning domains has yielded remarkable progress on individual tasks. Nonetheless, progress on task-to-task transfer remains limited. In pursuit of efficient and robust generalization, we introduce the Schema Network, an object-oriented generative physics simulator capable of disentangling multiple causes of events and reasoning backward through causes to achieve goals. The richly structured architecture of the Schema Network can learn the dynamics of an environment directly from data. We compare Schema Networks with Asynchronous Advantage Actor-Critic and Progressive Networks on a suite of Breakout variations, reporting results on training efficiency and zero-shot generalization, consistently demonstrating faster, more robust learning and better transfer. We argue that generalizing from limited data and learning causal relationships are essential abilities on the path toward generally intelligent systems.
Advancements in Automotive Antennas (2011)

Today&apos;s production vehicles are fitted with a multitude of antennas to facilitate communication and enable a moving vehicle to connect with the outside world. Recent years have seen the introduction of new electronic devices to the automotive environment. These devices are usually designed to aid the driver, increase safety, or enhance the driving
Influenza Virion-Derived Viral Ribonucleoproteins Synthesize both mRNA and cRNA In Vitro (2006)

The mechanisms regulating the synthesis of mRNA, cRNA, and viral genomic RNA (vRNA) by the influenza A virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase are not fully understood. Early results suggested that the RNA polymerase "switched" from a transcriptase to a replicase during the viral life cycle in response to the expression of viral proteins. However, recently an alternative model suggesting that replication of influenza virus is regulated by stabilization of the replicative intermediates was proposed. According to this model, the virion-associated polymerase is capable of synthesizing both mRNA and cRNA. We now demonstrate that virion-derived viral ribonucleoproteins (vvRNPs) synthesize both mRNA and cRNA in vitro in the absence of non-virion-associated RNA polymerase or nucleoproteins. The authenticity of the in vitro-transcribed mRNA and cRNA was confirmed by terminal sequence analysis. The addition of non-virion-associated polymerase or NP had no effect on vvRNP activity. De novo synthesis of cRNA was found to be more sensitive than the capped primer-dependent synthesis of mRNA to the concentration of ATP, CTP, and GTP. We conclude that vvRNPs intrinsically possess both transcriptase and replicase activities and that there is no switch in the synthesis of mRNA to cRNA during the influenza virus life cycle.
Voltage dependence of ATP‐dependent K<sup>+</sup> current in rat cardiac myocytes is affected by <i>I</i><sub><b>K1</b></sub> and <i>I</i><sub>K(ACh)</sub> (2004)

In this study we have investigated the voltage dependence of ATP-dependent K+ current (I(K(ATP))) in atrial and ventricular myocytes from hearts of adult rats and in CHO cells expressing Kir6.2 and SUR2A. The current-voltage relation of 2,4-dinitrophenole (DNP) -induced I(K(ATP)) in atrial myocytes and expressed current in CHO cells was linear in a voltage range between 0 and -100 mV. In ventricular myocytes, the background current-voltage relation of which is dominated by a large constitutive inward rectifier (I(K1)), the slope conductance of I(K(ATP)) was reduced at membrane potentials negative to E(K) (around -50 mV), resulting in an outwardly rectifying I-V relation. Overexpression of Kir2.1 by adenoviral gene transfer, a subunit contributing to I(K1) channels, in atrial myocytes resulted in a large I(K1)-like background current. The I-V relation of I(K(ATP)) in these cells showed a reduced slope conductance negative to E(K) similar to ventricular myocytes. In atrial myocytes with an increased background inward-rectifier current through Kir3.1/Kir3.4 channels (I(K(ACh))), irreversibly activated by intracellular loading with GTP-gamma-S, the I-V relation of I(K(ATP)) showed a reduced slope negative to E(K), as in ventricular myocytes and atrial myocytes overexpressing Kir2.1. It is concluded that the voltage dependencies of membrane currents are not only dependent on the molecular composition of the charge-carrying channel complexes but can be affected by the activity of other ion channel species. We suggest that the interference between inward I(K(ATP)) and other inward rectifier currents in cardiac myocytes reflects steady-state changes in K+ driving force due to inward K+ current.
Highly Efficient Plastic Dye-sensitized Photoelectrodes Prepared by Low-temperature Binder-free Coating of Mesoscopic Titania Pastes (2007)

Abstract Mesoporous TiO2 layers were prepared on a plastic conductive electrode by low-temperature coating of a binder-free nanocrystalline TiO2 paste capable of interparticle connection. Dye-sensitized solar cell with optimized TiO2 particle size and electrolyte composition yielded a highest energy conversion efficiency of 6.4%.
Human growth factor and cytokine skin cream for facial skin rejuvenation as assessed by 3D in vivo optical skin imaging. (2007)

Growth factors, in addition to their crucial role in cutaneous wound healing, are also beneficial for skin rejuvenation. Due to their multifunctional activities such as promoting skin cell proliferation and stimulating collagen formation, growth factors may participate in skin rejuvenation at various levels. The present placebo-controlled study aimed to further investigate the antiaging effects of a novel skin cream containing a mixture of human growth factors and cytokines, which was obtained through a biotechnology process using cultured human fetal fibroblasts. Aside from clinical assessment of skin wrinkles, the skin surface topography was analyzed by 3D in vivo optical skin imaging using the Phaseshift Rapid in vivo Measurement of Skin (PRIMOS) device. This device allows fast, contact-free, and direct measurement of the skin surface topography in vivo at high resolution. This technique is quantitative and more reliable than a visual assessment of wrinkles using a scoring system, which is subjective and strongly dependent on investigator and assessment conditions. Using the PRIMOS device, which is also regarded as a more accurate method than the commonly used silicon replica technique, skin surface roughness was shown to significantly decrease between 10% and 18% depending on the roughness parameter after 2 months of twice-daily application of the human growth factor and cytokine cream. This was compared to treatment with the placebo formulation resulting in an approximate 10% decrease of 2 roughness parameters, whereas the remaining parameters remained unchanged. We found that topical application of growth factors and cytokines are beneficial in reducing signs of skin aging.
The Fate of Breast Implants with Infections Around Them (1979)

In a retrospective study of 41 infected breasts following the insertion of implants, a high incidence of postoperative hematoma was noted. When infection occurred, cultures usually demonstrated the causative organism to be Staphylococcus aureus. Treatment by conservative drainage and vigorous antibiotics was generally successful in salvaging those implants which had been inserted through an areolar incision for simple augmentation, or under the pectoralis muscle (or a dermal pedicle) after a subcutaneous mastectomy. Those patients whose augmentations had been done through an inframammary incision, or whose implant after a subcutaneous mastectomy was under the skin flap, had a statistically higher incidence of implant loss. Most breasts will salvaged implants became firm.