gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A transformation from an object database to an object relational database (2004)

Object databases and object relational databases are both widely used in industries. The major differences are mainly the level of encapsulation and the language supported by individual DBMSs. Object databases are fully encapsulated and allows only the use of methods to communicate with the objects. Object relational database, on the other hand allows the use of object-oriented SQL on open attributes. Both databases support the use of reference pointers and subtype hierarchies. Major software tools such as information warehouse software are now available commercially in the form of object relational representation. The purpose of this research project is to transform production-level systems on object database to object relational information warehouses.
Strategies to Meet US 1994/95 Diesel Engine Federal Emission Legislation for HSDI diesel Engine Powered Vehicles (1992)

The forthcoming US passenger car and light-duty truck emission limits are currently the most stringent ones worldwide. The paper discusses which type of diesel engine has the best chance of fulfilling those requirements and what development strategy has to be followed. A comparative analysis between IDI and DI diesel engines shows the potential of the HSDI diesel engine to meet NO x /particulates limits of 0.4/0.08 g/min while maintaining its fuel economy advantage. Appropriate technological strategies are outlined. Besides the well-known technologies such as central position of injector and piston bowl, multi-valve cylinder head, inlet port swirl control etc., main emphasis is placed on the optimization of mixture preparation using fuel systems with variable injection rates as well as oxidation and DENOX catalysts.
Ti-direct, powerful, stereoselective aldol-type additions of esters and thioesters to carbonyl compounds: application to the synthesis and evaluation of lactone analogs of jasmone perfumes (2006)

An efficient TiCl(4)-Et(3)N or Bu(3)N-promoted aldol-type addition of phenyl and thiophenyl esters or thioaryl esters with aldehydes and ketones was performed (total 46 examples). The present method is advantageous from atom-economical and cost-effective viewpoints; good to excellent yields, moderate to good syn-selectivity, substrate variations, reagent availability, and simple procedures. Utilizing the present reaction as the key step, an efficient short synthesis of three lactone [2(5H)-furanone] analogs of jasmine perfumes was performed. Among them, the lactone analog of cis-jasmone had a unique perfume property (tabac).
Effects of Reactor Pressure on Epitaxial Lateral Overgrowth of GaN via Low-Pressure Metalorganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy (1999)

The effects of reactor pressure on epitaxial lateral overgrowth (ELO) via low-pressure metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) have been studied in relation to growth temperature. For the ELO GaN on SiO 2 stripes along the <1100> direction of the underlying GaN, on decreasing the reactor pressures from 500 to 40 Torr or increasing the growth temperatures from 950 to 1050°C, the (0001) surfaces become broad and the side walls changed from inclined {1122} surfaces to vertical {1120} surfaces. For the ELO GaN on the stripes along the <1120> direction, the shapes with {1101} facets are independent of the reactor pressure and growth temperature. The ELO of GaN is dominated by the diffusion-limited process.
A novel role for IL-22R1 as a driver of inflammation (2010)

The interleukin (IL)-22R1 chain of the heterodimeric IL-22 receptor is not expressed on normal leukocytes, but this receptor is expressed on T cells from anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive (ALK(+)) anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) patients. To investigate the consequences of aberrant expression of this receptor on lymphocytes, we generated transgenic mice that express IL-22R1 on lymphocytes. The health of these animals progressively deteriorated at 8 to 12 weeks of age, as they displayed respiratory distress, rough coat and sluggish movement, and subsequent lethality due to multiorgan inflammation. The IL-22R1 transgenic animals developed neutrophilia that correlated with increased levels of circulating IL-17 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. In addition, these mice had increased serum IL-22 levels, suggesting that T cells expressing IL-22R1 generate IL-22 in a positive autoregulatory loop. As a result of the mouse model findings, we analyzed circulating cytokine levels in ALK(+)ALCL patients and detected elevated levels of IL-22, IL-17, and IL-8 in untreated patient samples. Importantly, IL-22 and IL-17 were undetectable in all patients who were in complete remission after chemotherapy. This study documents a previously unknown role of IL-22R1 in inflammation and identifies the involvement of IL-22R1/IL-22 in ALK(+)ALCL.
Isolation of Human Blood Monocytes with Nycodenz, a New Non‐Ionic lodinated Gradient Medium (1983)

Monocytes were separated from human blood with Nycodenz, an iodinated gradient medium. Monocytes have a lower average density than lymphocytes, but because of overlapping efficient separation cannot be achieved on the basis of density differences alone. Thus the isolation procedure was based on the assumption that the low-density fraction of lymphocytes increases its density more than monocytes by expelling water when exposed to an increased osmolarity. Thereby they might pass through a density barrier present initially, whereas the monocytes remain at the top of the gradient layer. Separation fluids with densities ranging from 1.061 to 1.096 g/ml were prepared by mixing Nycodenz with NaCl solutions of various concentrations. EDTA-blood (3 ml) or a leucocyte suspension (2-6 ml) obtained by dextran sedimentation was loaded on 3 ml of separation fluid and centrifuged for 15 min at 1900 rpm. Then the cells in the interface region were collected. At each density level it was possible to obtain an almost pure monocyte suspension (95-98%) by increasing the osmolarity. However, the higher the purity, the lower the monocyte yield. Apparently, the viability of monocytes was not affected, even when subjected to an osmolarity of 600 mosmol. For routine use, it appears that separation fluids with densities from 1.061 to 1.078 g/ml and corresponding osmolarity in the 300 to 410 mosmol range are suitable.
Synthesis and characterization of a highly stable dendritic catechol-tripod bearing technetium-99m (2009)

The synthesis and preliminary biological tests (in vitro toxicity, in vitro stability) of new Tc(III)-radiolabelled dendro-chelates are presented. A dendritic 99mTc chelate 1 derived from a pre-organized tripodal tris-catecholamide exhibits a kinetic stability by far more important than its corresponding diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) homologue 2. This permitted an assessment of the real impact of the pre-organized tripodal structure on kinetic inertness (and thus toxicity), an important issue to address when considering in vivo applications. Radiolabelling was performed using the stannous chloride reduction method; while DTPA-homologue 2 showed a high radiolabelling efficiency (96% radiolabelling yield after 30 min), tripodal complex 1 induced a 93% complexation yield after 45 min. In contrast, radiocomplex 1 derived from the most rigid and organized structure has a higher kinetic stability than 2. Indeed, while dissociation of 2 reached 50% after 1 h 30 min in physiological media like phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and bovine serum albumin (BSA), over 80% of 1 remained stable during the half-life of the radionucleide (6.02 h for 99mTc). Measurements of the cell leakage resulting from membrane damage of neuronal cells treated with increasing concentrations of dendritic ligand 16, together with pictures of treated neurons after staining, showed no detectable toxicity.
Clustering-Based Selection for the Exploration of Compiler Optimization Sequences (2016)

A large number of compiler optimizations are nowadays available to users. These optimizations interact with each other and with the input code in several and complex ways. The sequence of application of optimization passes can have a significant impact on the performance achieved. The effect of the optimizations is both platform and application dependent. The exhaustive exploration of all viable sequences of compiler optimizations for a given code fragment is not feasible. As this exploration is a complex and time-consuming task, several researchers have focused on Design Space Exploration (DSE) strategies both to select optimization sequences to improve the performance of each function of the application and to reduce the exploration time. In this article, we present a DSE scheme based on a clustering approach for grouping functions with similarities and exploration of a reduced search space resulting from the combination of optimizations previously suggested for the functions in each group. The identification of similarities between functions uses a data mining method that is applied to a symbolic code representation. The data mining process combines three algorithms to generate clusters: the Normalized Compression Distance, the Neighbor Joining, and a new ambiguity-based clustering algorithm. Our experiments for evaluating the effectiveness of the proposed approach address the exploration of optimization sequences in the context of the ReflectC compiler, considering 49 compilation passes while targeting a Xilinx MicroBlaze processor, and aiming at performance improvements for 51 functions and four applications. Experimental results reveal that the use of our clustering-based DSE approach achieves a significant reduction in the total exploration time of the search space (20× over a Genetic Algorithm approach) at the same time that considerable performance speedups (41% over the baseline) were obtained using the optimized codes. Additional experiments were performed considering the LLVM compiler, considering 124 compilation passes, and targeting a LEON3 processor. The results show that our approach achieved geometric mean speedups of 1.49 × , 1.32 × , and 1.24 × for the best 10, 20, and 30 functions, respectively, and a global improvement of 7% over the performance obtained when compiling with -O2.
Highly Localized Acoustic Streaming and Size-Selective Submicrometer Particle Concentration Using High Frequency Microscale Focused Acoustic Fields (2016)

Concentration and separation of particles and biological specimens are fundamental functions of micro/nanofluidic systems. Acoustic streaming is an effective and biocompatible way to create rapid microscale fluid motion and induce particle capture, though the >100 MHz frequencies required to directly generate acoustic body forces on the microscale have traditionally been difficult to generate and localize in a way that is amenable to efficient generation of streaming. Moreover, acoustic, hydrodynamic, and electrical forces as typically applied have difficulty manipulating specimens in the submicrometer regime. In this work, we introduce highly focused traveling surface acoustic waves (SAW) at high frequencies between 193 and 636 MHz for efficient and highly localized production of acoustic streaming vortices on microfluidic length scales. Concentration occurs via a novel mechanism, whereby the combined acoustic radiation and streaming field results in size-selective aggregation in fluid streamlines in the vicinity of a high-amplitude acoustic beam, as opposed to previous acoustic radiation induced particle concentration where objects typically migrate toward minimum pressure locations. Though the acoustic streaming is induced by a traveling wave, we are able to manipulate particles an order of magnitude smaller than possible using the traveling wave force alone. We experimentally and theoretically examine the range of particle sizes that can be captured in fluid streamlines using this technique, with rapid particle concentration demonstrated down to 300 nm diameters. We also demonstrate that locations of trapping and concentration are size-dependent, which is attributed to the combined effects of the acoustic streaming and acoustic forces.
Pasteur and Rabies: An interview of 1882 (1996)

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Goal Set Inverse Optimal Control and Iterative Re-planning for Predicting Human Reaching Motions in Shared Workspaces (2016)

To enable safe and efficient human-robot collaboration in shared workspaces it is important for the robot to predict how a human will move when performing a task. While predicting human motion for tasks not known a priori is very challenging, we argue that single-arm reaching motions for known tasks in collaborative settings (which are especially relevant for manufacturing) are indeed predictable. Two hypotheses underlie our approach for predicting such motions: First, that the trajectory the human performs is optimal with respect to an unknown cost function, and second, that human adaptation to their partner's motion can be captured well through iterative re-planning with the above cost function. The key to our approach is thus to learn a cost function which "explains" the motion of the human. To do this, we gather example trajectories from pairs of participants performing a collaborative assembly task using motion capture. We then use Inverse Optimal Control to learn a cost function from these trajectories. Finally, we predict reaching motions from the human's current configuration to a task-space goal region by iteratively re-planning a trajectory using the learned cost function. Our planning algorithm is based on the trajectory optimizer STOMP, it plans for a 23 DoF human kinematic model and accounts for the presence of a moving collaborator and obstacles in the environment. Our results suggest that in most cases, our method outperforms baseline methods when predicting motions. We also show that our method outperforms baselines for predicting human motion when a human and a robot share the workspace.
Digital holography with a point diffraction interferometer (2005)

We propose a technique to implement digital holography by means of a point diffraction interferometer. The device uses a liquid crystal television display and works under partially coherent illumination which makes it useful for 3D microscopy. We present the theory on which the method is based and the obtained results.
<i>In</i> <i>situ</i> measurement of AlAs and GaAs refractive index dispersion at epitaxial growth temperature (1995)

In situ molecular beam epitaxy control of III–V optoelectronic device growth has been achieved by dynamic optical reflectometry with tunable excitation wavelength, through the use of a titanium:sapphire laser light source. This new multiwavelength reflectometry method was used to determine the values of the AlAs and GaAs refractive indices at growth temperature (600 °C). Index dispersion between 760 and 960 nm is presented and found to be in good agreement with the existing models.
Performance analysis of low processing gain DS/CDMA systems with random spreading sequences (1998)

The performance analysis of a RAKE receiver for low processing gain direct sequence code-division multiple access (DS/CDMA) systems is presented. The multipath interference effects, that have typically been assumed negligible or approximated as Gaussian noise, become significant for low processing gain systems. A scheme to accurately evaluate the multipath interference effects is proposed.
Dialogues between Faith and Reason: The Death and Return of God in Modern German Thought (2013)

Review of the book Dialogues between Faith and Reason: The Death and Return of God in Modern German Thought by John H. Smith.
Perfluoroalkyl End-Functionalized Oligoesters:  Correlation between Wettability and End-Group Segregation (2006)

We report a detailed investigation of the processes of the surface segregation in correlation with the wetting properties of perfluoroalkyl end-functionalized linear aromatic oligoesters. We have compared properties of films containing different fluorine concentration prepared by the spin-coating technique and by melting of polymer grain onto the supported substrate. We demonstrate that both methods can be used for the preparation of highly hydrophobic and oleophobic surfaces. Obtained layers possess high value of n-hexadecane advancing contact angle and low contact angle hysteresis. Moreover, oligoester films with the surface energies as low as 11 mJ/m2 were prepared with 10.7 wt % of fluorine in the system and possessed higher oleophobicity than Teflon AF. We showed that the advantages of use of melting of polymer grain are higher surface enrichment and closer packing of perfluorinated species and, as a result, a higher hydro/oleophobicity, especially at lower F contents (<6 wt %). This is a first report about an influence of preparation method onto the surface properties of perfluorinated polymers.
Detection ofSalmonella spp. inClinical Specimens byCapture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (1987)

Acapture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA; Kirkegaard andPerry Laboratories, Gaithersburg, Md.)was usedtodetect Salmonella spp.inclinical andartificially inoculated specimens.Inpatients with bacteremia caused bySalmonella spp.,48%(12of25)and82%(13of16)ofserum andurinespecimens, respectively, were positive forSalmonella spp.,as determined byELISA.Ailserum andurine specimens collected fromhealthy individuals (25specimens) orpatients whoseblood cultures grewgram-negative bacteria other thanSalmonella spp.(18specimens) werenegative forSalmonella spp.,asdetermined byELISA.For blood culture bottles inwhichSalmonella spp.(16specimens) was growntheELISAwas positive (100%), while itwas negative forailthe65blood culture bottles inwhichgram-negative bacteria other thanSalmonella spp. (42specimens) orgram-positive bacteria (23specimens) were grown.Ailsamples ofurine (16specimens), stool (8specimens), serum (16specimens), culture media(12specimens), andbloodculture bottles (reported sterile after 2weeksofincubation; 16specimens) that wereartificially inoculated with103to107 CFU offourspecies ofSalmonella permlwere positive byELISA.Similar specimens inoculated withorcontaining various species other thanSalmonella were negative bythis test. Thus,ELISAoffersa promising opportunity fortherapid detection ofSalmonella spp.inclinical microbiology laboratories.
THE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE CORNEA AND CONTACT LENS APPLICATIONS (1987)

REVIEWER'S ADDRESS: Richard M. Hill Eye Physiology Laboratory College of Optometry Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio 43210
Two- and three-dimensional behavior of Rayleigh-Taylor and Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities (1991)

Two- and three-dimensional behavior of the Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) and Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) instabilities is examined with a hydrodynamic code: cubic interpolated pseudoparticle. The mushroom structure owing to the KH instability in three dimensions is much smaller than that in two dimensions, and hence the nonlinear growth is faster in three dimensions. The simulation without gravity shows a similar behavior and hence this difference between two and three dimensions does not originate from the RT instability. This difference cannot be explained by linear analysis on the KH instability also.
Further Studies with the 2-Amino-1,3-thiazol-4(5<i>H</i>)-one Class of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Inhibitors: Reducing Pregnane X Receptor Activity and Exploring Activity in a Monkey Pharmacodynamic Model (2008)

A series of compounds containing the 2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4(5H)-one core were found to be potent inhibitors of the enzyme 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1). One of our lead compounds from this series activated the human nuclear xenobiotic receptor, pregnane X receptor (PXR). To try and mitigate the PXR activity, we prepared analogues of our lead series that contained polar groups on the right-hand side of the thiazolone. Several analogues containing amides or alcohols appended to the C-5 position of the thiazolone showed a significant reduction in PXR activity. Through these structure-activity efforts, a compound containing a tert-alcohol group off the C-5 position, analogue (S)-33a, was found to have an 11beta-HSD1 Ki = 35 nM and negligible PXR activity. Compound (S)-33a was advanced into a pharmacodynamic model in cynomolgus monkeys, where it inhibited adipose 11beta-HSD1 activity after being orally administered.
A Picomolar Transition State Analogue Inhibitor of MTAN as a Specific Antibiotic for <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (2012)

Campylobacter and Helicobacter species express a 6-amino-6-deoxyfutalosine N-ribosylhydrolase (HpMTAN) proposed to function in menaquinone synthesis. BuT-DADMe-ImmA is a 36 pM transition state analogue of HpMTAN, and the crystal structure of the enzyme-inhibitor complex reveals the mechanism of inhibition. BuT-DADMe-ImmA has a MIC(90) value of <8 ng/mL for Helicobacter pylori growth but does not cause growth arrest in other common clinical pathogens, thus demonstrating potential as an H. pylori-specific antibiotic.
Flashback (2012)

Unlike their cellular counterparts, Wi-Fi networks do not have the luxury of a dedicated control plane that is decoupled from the data plane. Consequently, Wi-Fi struggles to provide many of the capabilities that are taken for granted in cellular networks, including efficient and fair resource allocation, QoS and handoffs. The reason for the lack of a control plane with designated spectrum is that it would impose significant overhead. This is at odds with Wi-Fi's goal of providing a simple, plug-and-play network.
Input-series and output-series connected modular DC-DC converters with active input voltage and output voltage sharing (2004)

This paper proposes a new modular configuration, namely the input-series and output-series connection for DC-DC converters. A three-loop control scheme, including a dedicated input voltage controller is proposed to achieve equal sharing of the input as well output voltages by the series connected modules. The reference to the input voltage loop is chosen as the average of all converter input voltages. Such a reference minimizes the interaction among the various control loops. The proposed scheme is validated experimentally on a 400 W prototype system comprising of two forward converters.