gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study on the radiofrequency transparency of electrically floating and ground PET inserts in a 3 T clinical MRI system (2022)

The floating PET configuration showed higher RF transparency under all experimental setups. For a relatively short axial FOV of 125 mm, the ground configuration also performed well which indicated that an RF-penetrable PET insert with the conventional design (e.g., the ground configuration) might also become possible. However, some design modifications (e.g., a wider intermodular gap and using the RF receiver coil inside the PET insert) should improve the RF performance to the level of the MRI-only case.
Laser Cutting as a Rapid Method for Fabricating Thin Soft Pneumatic Actuators and Robots (2018)

Pneumatically actuated soft robots address many challenges with interfacing with delicate objects, but these actuators/robots are still bulky and require many hours to fabricate, limiting their widespread use. This article reports a novel design and manufacturing method for ultrathin soft robots and actuators (∼70 μm) using a laser-cutting machine that cuts/welds sheets of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) from a 2D CAD drawing. Using this method, five different soft actuators (e.g., bending, rotating, contracting) are designed, fabricated, and characterized with both planar and nonplanar motions. Furthermore, we show how stacking multiple sheets of TPU enables rapid fabrication of multifunctional actuators. Finally, a portable four-arm swimming robot is designed and fabricated without any assembly steps. This rapid fabrication method enables soft robots to go from concept to operational within minutes, and creates a new subclass of soft robots suitable for applications requiring a robot to be ultrathin, lightweight, and/or fit within small volumes.
Abstract 20547: AMSA-Based Shock Decision: a Human Retrospective Analyses During Pre-Hospital CPR Intervention (2010)

Background: Electrical defibrillation (DF) is the only intervention to terminate ventricular fibrillation (VF) cardiac arrest. Nevertheless, decision of interrupting CPR for delivering of a DF migh...
Embedding a reconfigurable band-pass/band-stop filter into an antenna (2012)

This paper presents an approach for embedding a reconfigurable band-pass and band-stop filters into an antenna structure. The band-pass filter is located in the feeding line of the antenna while the band-stop is included in the antenna ground plane. A prototype antenna is simulated, fabricated and tested to prove the validity of our new technique.
Moldable fluorophosphate glasses containing Nb/sub 2/O/sub 5/ (1984)

The present invention is directed to fluorophosphate glasses containing about 3-21.5% Nb/sub 2/O/sub 5/ and exhibiting softening points below 500/sup 0/ C. The inventive glasses contemplate two general composition areas in weight percent: P/sub 2/O/sub 5/ 35-46 P/sub 2/O/sub 5/ 20-35 Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ 3.5-6.5 Li/sub 2/O 0.5-5 Li/sub 2/O 0.8-3.0 Na/sub 2/O 0-10 Na/sub 2/O 3-10 Li/sub 2/O + Na/sub 2/O 0.5-10 Li/sub 2/O + Na/sub 2/O 5-10.5 PbO 0-40 BaO 18-44 Sb/sub 2/O/sub 3/ 0-25 CaO 0-12 PbO + Sb/sub 2/O/sub 3/ 20-50 SrO 0-15 BaO 0-20 MgO 0-7 Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ 0-5 BaO + CaO + SrO + MgO 28-47 Nb/sub 2/O/sub 5/ 13-21.5 CaO + SrO + MgO <15 F 1-12 Nb/sub 2/O/sub 5/ 3-8.5 F 4.5-8.
Comparative analysis of vegetation indices, non-parametric and physical retrieval methods for monitoring nitrogen in wheat using UAV-based multispectral imagery (2016)

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV)-based remote sensing offers great possibilities to acquire in a fast and convenient way field data for precision agriculture applications. The UAV-based multispectral images with five wavebands (490, 550, 671, 700, 800 nm) were obtained at five growth stages from consecutive two years' wheat field experiments with different combinations in variety, N application rate and planting density. In this paper, we compared systematically leaf nitrogen content (LNC) estimation accuracy and processing speed of a multitude of vegetation indices (VIs), non-parametric and physically-based model retrieval methods. With regard to vegetation indices, most possible band combinations with existing five bands and a linear regression fitting function have been evaluated. The best performing index was optimized three-band combination 2.5(R <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">800</inf> -R <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">700</inf> )/(R <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">800</inf> +6R <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">700</inf> -7.5R <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">490</inf> ) according to EVI (Enhanced vegetation index) for LNC with 10-fold cross-validation determination (R2) of 0.73. This method shows especially fast processing speed (0.03 s). As for non-parametric methods, 14 common regression algorithms have been evaluated. Among these algorithms, Random Forest [TreeBagger] is the best performing method with R <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of 0.79 for LNC. This method has the advantage of making use of the full optical spectrum as well as flexible, nonlinear fitting. Additionally, the model is trained and validated relatively fast (2.3 s). Compared with the front two methods, it remains a challenge to estimate the canopy nitrogen through inversion of a PROSAIL based radiative transfer model (RTM). After the generation of a look-up table (LUT), a number of cost functions and regularization options were evaluated for inversion of LCC (leaf chlorophyll content). Inversion of nitrogen indirectly relying on inversion of LCC based on the empirical linear relationship between LCC and LNC. Although this method offered per-pixel estimation, generation of a look-up table and image processing took considerably more time. Besides, the validation performed less reliable. To sum up, Random Forest [TreeBagger] provides fast and accurate estimation of nitrogen using UAV-acquired multispectral imagery which will be good basis for remote sensing of canopy nitrogen status in a wide range of crop.
Abstract B01: BLU-667: A highly selective RET inhibitor to target RET-driven NSCLC (2018)

Abstract Activating RET fusions have been observed in 1-2% of non-small cell lung adenocarcinomas (NSCLC). These tumors often occur in non-smokers and lack other driver mutations, similar to NSCLC driven by activation of the tyrosine kinases EGFR, ALK or ROS. Multi-kinase inhibitors (mKIs) with in vitro activity against RET, such as cabozantinib and vandetanib, have been tested in RET-rearranged NSCLC, but without the high response rate often seen with targeted therapies in genetically-defined NSCLC, likely a result of off-toxicities that limit the ability to fully inhibit RET kinase activation. BLU-667 is a next-generation kinase inhibitor specifically tailored to target the activated forms of RET, while sparing kinases that contribute to dose-limiting toxicities, such as VEGFR-2. BLU-667 potently inhibited both RET fusion activity (IC50 = 0.4 nM) and demonstrated 88-fold selectivity over VEGFR-2 in enzymatic assays. In a cellular setting, BLU 667 inhibited the most prevalent RET fusion observed in NSCLC, KIF5B-RET, over 20X more potently than the multikinase inhibitors cabozantinib, vandetanib or RXDX-105. KIF5B-RET autophosphorylation and proliferation driven by RET fusions was inhibited with BLU-667 in the low nanomolar range (4 – 15 nM). In vivo oral administration of BLU 667 was well tolerated in mice at all doses and exhibited dose-dependent modulation of oncogenic RET kinase activity in all in vivo models tested, including a KIF5B-RET NSCLC PDX, as well as a KIF5B-RET V804L-driven tumor model with a mutation at the gatekeeper position, a position susceptible to on-target mutation in many oncogenic kinases. Notably, BLU-667, but not cabozantinib, induced tumor growth inhibition without impacting biomarkers of VEGFR-2 inhibition, providing strong evidence that selective inhibition of RET alone is sufficient for antitumor activity in vivo. By sparing off-target kinases with known toxicity profiles, BLU-667 is predicted to robustly inhibit RET at clinically achievable doses. Moreover, with activity against predicted resistance mutations such as those at the gatekeeper position, BLU-667 may prevent or delay the emergence of resistance and therefore provide patients with RET-driven malignancies an opportunity for more durable and effective therapies. As such, BLU-667 is currently in the dose-escalation segment of a first-in-human phase 1 trial for patients with RET-driven solid tumors with activating RET alterations (NCT03037385). Citation Format: Rami Rahal, Michelle Maynard, Wei Hu, Jason Brubaker, Qiangfang Cao, Joseph L. Kim, Michael P. Sheets, Douglas P. Wilson, Kevin J. Wilson, Lucian DiPietro, Timothy LaBranche, Beni Wolf, Timothy Guzi, Christoph Lengauer, Erica K. Evans. BLU-667: A highly selective RET inhibitor to target RET-driven NSCLC [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fifth AACR-IASLC International Joint Conference: Lung Cancer Translational Science from the Bench to the Clinic; Jan 8-11, 2018; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2018;24(17_Suppl):Abstract nr B01.
Development of a Clinically Viable Heroin Vaccine (2017)

Heroin is a highly abused opioid and incurs a significant detriment to society worldwide. In an effort to expand the limited pharmacotherapy options for opioid use disorders, a heroin conjugate vaccine was developed through comprehensive evaluation of hapten structure, carrier protein, adjuvant and dosing. Immunization of mice with an optimized heroin-tetanus toxoid (TT) conjugate formulated with adjuvants alum and CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) generated heroin "immunoantagonism", reducing heroin potency by >15-fold. Moreover, the vaccine effects proved to be durable, persisting for over eight months. The lead vaccine was effective in rhesus monkeys, generating significant and sustained antidrug IgG titers in each subject. Characterization of both mouse and monkey antiheroin antibodies by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) revealed low nanomolar antiserum affinity for the key heroin metabolite, 6-acetylmorphine (6AM), with minimal cross reactivity to clinically used opioids. Following a series of heroin challenges over six months in vaccinated monkeys, drug-sequestering antibodies caused marked attenuation of heroin potency (>4-fold) in a schedule-controlled responding (SCR) behavioral assay. Overall, these preclinical results provide an empirical foundation supporting the further evaluation and potential clinical utility of an effective heroin vaccine in treating opioid use disorders.
<title>Flow cytometry systems for drug discovery and development</title> (2000)

HT-PS is a fluidics-based pharmacology platform that uses viable cells and test compounds to rapidly identify active compounds and immediately determine their potency and specificity. Axiom employs this proprietary flow-through fluidics system coupled to a flow cytometer (FCM) as a detection system. Integration of FCM was enabled through a Plug-Flow Coupler (PFC) device that allows mixtures of cells and test compounds to be delivered to the FCM as discrete plugs of samples under positive air pressure. An FCM detector provides the advantages of multi parametric measurements and multiplexed, single cell analyses. Assays that combine two or more compatible, fluorescent bioresponse indicators simultaneously, such as measurements of intracellular pH and Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>, are possible. Alternatively, measurements of one or more bioresponses can be performed on several distinct cell populations individually stained with uniquely addressable fluorescent chromophores. These formats enable multiple experiments on a single sample and provide high content information thereby greatly increasing decision-making power regarding the activity, potency and selectivity of a test compound. Development of significant data with several hundred cells enables reduction in all requisite sample volumes. The PFC enables FCM sample analysis rates of at least 10 samples/minute. The data will illustrate HT-PS/PFC/FCM utility in the drug discovery arena.
WE-G-BRE-01: A High Power Nanotube X-Ray Microbeam Irradiator for Preclinical Brain Tumor Treatment (2014)

Purpose: Microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) is a new type of cancer treatment undergoing studies at various synchrotron facilities. The principle of MRT is using arrays of microscopically small, low-energy X-radiation for the treatment of various radio-resistant, deep-seated tumors. Our motivation is to develop a compact and inexpensive image guided MRT irradiator to use in the research lab setting. After a successful initial demonstration, here we report a second generation carbon nanotube (CNT) cathode based MRT tube, capable of producing multiple microbeam lines with an anticipated dose rate of 11 Gy/min per line. Methods: The system uses multiple line CNT source arrays to generate multiple focal lines on the anode. The increase in dose-rate, compared to our first generation system, is achieved by increasing the operating voltage from 160 kVp to 225kVp, adding multiple simultaneous focal lines on the anode, and a more efficient cooling mechanism using a 6kW oil-cooled anode. Results: This work will present the design and development process, challenges and solutions to meeting operating specifications, and the final design of the tube and collimator, along with optimization and stabilization of its use. A detailed characterization of its capabilities will be included with a comprehensive measurement of its X-ray focal line dimensions, an evaluation of its collimator alignment and microbeam dimensions, and phantom-based quantification of its dosimetric output. Conclusion: The development of a second generation, compact, multiple line MRT device using carbon nanotube (CNT) cathode based X-ray technology and a novel oil cooled anode design is presented here. With this new source, we are capable of delivering a total microbeam radiation dose comparable to the low end of the synchrotron based MRT systems for small animal brain tumor models.
Detection of abnormal aircraft control surface positions using a robust parametric test (2013)

International audience
Isolation of a Colon Tumor Specific Binding Peptide Using Phage Display Selection (2003)

Colorectal cancer is the third most common malignancy in the United States. Improved detection sensitivity of early colorectal neoplasms would have important clinical applications. Herein, we report on using phage display to generate peptide libraries that detect colon carcinoma tissues. To accomplish this, we employed positive selection of a peptide-bearing phage library on poorly differentiated colon carcinoma cells (HT29) and combined this with negative selection of the phage library on well-differentiated colon carcinoma cells (HCT116). Analysis of the resulting library identified a nine-amino-acid, disulfide-constrained peptide, CPIEDRPMC (RPMrel), that stained HT29 colon carcinoma cells. Immunohistochemical staining using FITC-conjugated RPMrel peptide also showed binding of RPMrel to colon tumor tissues from four patients. We saw no binding of RPMrel to normal colon tissues. In addition, RPMrel failed to stain a panel of noncolon tissues including the lungs, liver, and stomach. We further demonstrated that RPMrel coupled to the mitochondrial toxin (KLAKLAK)2 killed HT29 cells. These studies suggest that RPMrel may be a promising lead candidate in the development of a useful colon tumor diagnostic and targeted drug delivery agent.
Superstructured gratings enable OCDMA/WDM compatibility (2001)

Optical-code-division multiple access (OCDMA) technology based on superstructured fiber Bragg gratings for code generation and recognition offers great promise for a variety of network applications, particularly in the metro and access sectors. Wavelength selectivity means it is inherently compatible with WDM technology and can simultaneously support different coding schemes, repetition rates, and wavelength channels.
Reversible Generation of a Carbon-Centered Radical from Alkyl Iodide Using Organic Salts and Their Application as Organic Catalysts in Living Radical Polymerization (2013)

A new method of producing carbon-centered radicals was discovered through the reaction of an alkyl iodide (R-I) with organic salts to reversibly generate the corresponding alkyl radical (R(•)). Via this new reaction, the organic salts were used as new and highly efficient organic catalysts in living radical polymerization. The catalysts included common and inexpensive compounds such as tetrabutylammonium iodide and methyltributylphosphonium iodide. Notably, the catalysts were highly reactive. They enabled the synthesis of high-molecular-weight polymers (up to Mn = 140,000) and the control of acrylate polymerization, which had been difficult with other organic catalysts. The organic salt catalysts were highly versatile, reacting with methacrylate, acrylate, styrene, acrylonitrile, and functional methacrylate monomers. Well-defined block copolymers were also prepared by using this method. A kinetic study quantitatively confirmed the high reactivity of these catalysts. Attractive features of this system include its low cost, its ease of operation, and its ability to access a wide range of polymer designs.
Influence of the susceptibility genes apolipoprotein E-epsilon 4 and apolipoprotein E-epsilon 2 on the rate of disease expressivity of late-onset Alzheimer's disease. (1995)

Apolipoprotein E-epsilon 4 (APOE4, gene; apoE4, protein) is a susceptibility gene or risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. The genetic relevance of APOE4 has been widely confirmed. The APOE gene is not a disease locus, with specific mutations causing Alzheimer disease. Allelic variations at the APOE locus affect the rate of disease progression. The association of specific inherited APOE alleles with age of onset distributions describes biological effects based on genotype. The inheritance of polymorphic genes with single amino acid differences between apoE4 and apoE3 (and between apoE3 and apoE2) at the protein level is associated with differences in the mean age of disease onset spanning almost two decades. The isoform-specific metabolism of apoE resulting in a faster rate of disease expression can now be studied with the expectation that genetically relevant processes are being investigated. There is now an opportunity to develop theories directed at the genetically relevant apoE metabolism that can significantly delay disease expression.
Energy Harvesting From Arrays of Long Barium Titanate Nanowires (2013)

In this paper, a piezoelectric nanoelectromechanical system (NEMS) is fabricated using newly developed ultra-long (∼45μm) aligned barium titanate (BaTiO3) nanowire (NW) arrays that exhibit piezoelectric behavior for harvesting mechanical vibrational energy. The novel BaTiO3 NW NEMS is fabricated to have resonance at frequencies below 500 Hz for efficient energy harvesting since ambient mechanical vibrations typically exists in the 1 Hz to 1 kHz range. The maximum AC power harvested from the BaTiO3 NEMS is evaluated by impedance matching at resonant frequency. In addition, NEMS energy harvester comprised of seedless solution grown aligned ZnO NW arrays is also fabricated and direct vibration excitation experiments are performed to determine the peak AC power at optimal load resistor. Here, we clearly report the superior power harvesting capability from long ferroelectric BaTiO3 NW arrays than semiconducting ZnO NWs for the same electrode area when excited with the same sinusoidal base acceleration of 1g RMS at resonant frequency.
A novel T-type Ca<sup>2+ </sup>channel inhibitor, KTtp38, developed by structural modifications of pimozide, a typical antipsychotic agent: Evaluation of the channel selectivity, electrophysiological characteristics and analgesic activity (2022)

In this study, we examined the selectivity, electrophysiological properties and analgesic activity of KTtp38, a novel inhibitor of T-type Ca2+ (Cav3) channels, developed by structural modification of pimozide, a typical antipsychotic agent. The IC50 value (μM) of KTtp38 was 0.0934 and 1.109 for inhibiting Cav3.2-dependent currents in response to a test pulse of -20 mV from holding potentials (HPs) of -80 and -110 mV, respectively, indicating a state dependency. The IC50 of KTtp38 for inhibiting Cav3.1-depedent currents caused by the test pulse from HP of -80 mV was 0.217 μM. Pimozide, but not KTtp38, at 1 μM completely inhibited the specific bindings of [3H]-spiperone to D2 and D3 receptors in rat striatal membrane fractions. In isolated rat jugular vein rings, the 5-HT2 receptor-mediated contraction was inhibited by pimozide, but not KTtp38, at 10 μM. In mice, i.p. administration of pimozide, but not KTtp38, caused catalepsy. KTtp38 abolished somatic and visceral pain caused by an H2S donor, known to enhance Cav3.2 activity, in mice. KTtp-38 also reversed oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy in wild-type, but not Cav3.2-null, mice. The T1/2 (h) of KTtp38 and pimozide in the blood was 2.42 and 2.47, respectively. Collectively, KTtp-38 is considered a state-dependent, selective Cav3 inhibitor and useful as an analgesic.
Transfer Printing of Metallic Microstructures on Adhesion‐Promoting Hydrogel Substrates (2015)

Fabrication schemes that integrate inorganic microstructures with hydrogel substrates are essential for advancing flexible electronics. A transfer printing process that is made possible through the design and synthesis of adhesion-promoting hydrogels as target substrates is reported. This fabrication technique may advance ultracompliant electronics by melding microfabricated structures with swollen hydrogel substrates. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.