gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Complete functional mapping of infection- and vaccine-elicited antibodies against the fusion peptide of HIV (2018)

Eliciting broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) targeting envelope (Env) is a major goal of HIV vaccine development, but cross-clade breadth from immunization has only sporadically been observed. Recently, Xu et al (2018) elicited cross-reactive neutralizing antibody responses in a variety of animal models using immunogens based on the epitope of bnAb VRC34.01. The VRC34.01 antibody, which was elicited by natural human infection, targets the N terminus of the Env fusion peptide, a critical component of the virus entry machinery. Here we precisely characterize the functional epitopes of VRC34.01 and two vaccine-elicited murine antibodies by mapping all single amino-acid mutations to the BG505 Env that affect viral neutralization. While escape from VRC34.01 occurred via mutations in both fusion peptide and distal interacting sites of the Env trimer, escape from the vaccine-elicited antibodies was mediated predominantly by mutations in the fusion peptide. Cryo-electron microscopy of four vaccine-elicited antibodies in complex with Env trimer revealed focused recognition of the fusion peptide and provided a structural basis for development of neutralization breadth. Together, these functional and structural data suggest that the breadth of vaccine-elicited antibodies targeting the fusion peptide can be enhanced by specific interactions with additional portions of Env. Thus, our complete maps of viral escape both delineate pathways of resistance to these fusion peptide-directed antibodies and provide a strategy to improve the breadth or potency of future vaccine-induced antibodies against Env's fusion peptide.
Saxagliptin and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Moderate or Severe Renal Impairment: Observations From the SAVOR-TIMI 53 Trial (2014)

Saxagliptin did not affect the risk of ischemic cardiovascular events, increased the risk of heart failure hospitalization, and reduced progressive albuminuria, irrespective of baseline renal function.
Evaluation of software testing process based on Bayesian networks (2010)

In this paper, we will introduce a Bayesian networks (BN) approach for probability evaluation method of software quality assurance. Then, we will present a method for transforming Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) to Bayesian networks and build an evaluation model based on Bayesian networks. Bayesian networks can perform forward risk prediction and backward diagnosis analysis by deduction on the model. Finally, we will illustrate the rationality and validity of the Bayesian networks through an example of evaluation of software testing process.
Geodec: Enabling Geospatial Decision Making (2006)

The rapid increase in the availability of geospatial data has motivated the effort to seamlessly integrate this information into an information-rich and realistic 3D environment. However, heterogeneous data sources with varying degrees of consistency and accuracy pose a challenge to such efforts. We describe the geospatial decision making (GeoDec) system, which accurately integrates satellite imagery, three-dimensional models, textures and video streams, road data, maps, point data and temporal data. The system also includes a glove-based user interface
Oxidation and Reduction of Palladium in the Presence of Silver (1985)

The silver/palladium ratio, alloy form, and heating rate cause significant changes in the oxidation and reduction behavior of palladium powder as determined by thermogruvimetric analysis. Surface area and airflow had little effect on oxidation and reduction. Possible models to explain the changes are considered.
Spontaneous Growth of Superstructure <i>α</i>‐Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanowire and Nanobelt Arrays in Reactive Oxygen Plasma (2008)

Direct plasma oxidation of iron substrates results in the nucleation and growth of α-Fe2O3 nanowire and nanobelt arrays (see image). The initial plasma heating in the early stages determines the nucleation density, and the growth of nanowires and nanobelts is a function of the temperature-dependent diffusion of iron atoms and the plasma radical flux on the surface.
A Single‐Chain Fusion Molecule Consisting of Peptide, Major Histocompatibility Gene Complex Class I Heavy Chain and β<sub>2</sub>‐Microglobulin Can Fold Partially Correctly, but Binds Peptide Inefficiently (1999)

The function of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules is to sample peptides from the intracellular environment and present these peptides to CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). We have attempted to develop a general approach to produce large amounts of pure and active recombinant MHC-I molecules. A convenient source of MHC-I molecules would be a valuable tool in structural and biochemical analysis of MHC-I, and in experiments using MHC-I molecules to enable specific manipulations of experimental and physiological CTL responses. Here we describe the generation of a recombinant murine MHC-I molecule, which could be produced in large amounts in bacteria. The recombinant MHC-I protein was expressed as a single molecule (PepSc) consisting of the antigenic peptide linked to the MHC-I heavy chain and further linked to human beta2-microglobulin (hbeta2m). The PepSc molecule was denatured, extracted, purified and folded using a recently developed in vitro reiterative refolding strategy. This led to the formation of soluble, recombinant MHC-I molecules, which migrated as monomers of the expected size when submitted to non-reducing sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Serological analysis revealed the presence of some, but not all, MHC-I-specific epitopes. Biochemically, PepSc could bind peptide, however, rather ineffectively. We suggest that a partially correctly refolded MHC-I has been obtained.
New Asymmetric Synthesis of α-Aminoboronic Acids Containing Functionalized Side Chains (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTNew Asymmetric Synthesis of α-Aminoboronic Acids Containing Functionalized Side ChainsPadmaja Mantri, Daniel E. Duffy, and Charles A. KettnerView Author Information The DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Company, P.O. Box 80500, Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0500 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 16, 5690–5692Publication Date (Web):August 9, 1996Publication History Received4 April 1996Published online9 August 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo960628lhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo960628lbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views628Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Anions,Diols,Enantioselective synthesis,Organic compounds,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Biogeography and systematics of Bangia (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) based on the Rubisco spacer, <i>rbc</i>L gene and 18S rRNA gene sequences and morphometric analyses. 1. North America (1998)

Marine and freshwater populations of the red alga Bangia were sampled throughout most of the known geographic range in North America. Marine samples were obtained from the Pacific and Atlantic coasts, central Arctic, Gulf of Mexico, and the Virgin Islands. Freshwater samples came from populations in the Laurentian Great Lakes, St. Lawrence River, and Lake Simcoe. In addition, specimens from freshwater populations from Italy, England, and Ireland were included for comparison. DNA sequence analyses of the Rubisco spacer, rbcL gene, and 18S rRNA gene, plus morphometric analysis, were used to discern possible biogeographic and taxonomic trends. No correlation was detected between the molecular and morphological analyses; however, some trends were consistent among the three molecular analyses. For example, all the freshwater collections were nearly identical, indicating that a single lineage may exist in freshwater systems. In addition, the Virgin Islands sample was distinct from all others in both the rbcL and 18S rRNA gene sequences, but quite similar in morphology to those collections with small filament diameter. The Alaska sample clustered consistently with a primarily Atlantic clade with few sequence differences. This finding may indicate a transarctic invasion. Sequence analysis of the 18S rRNA gene yielded a previously unreported intron (in Bangia) located between helices 21 and 20′. All freshwater collections contained this intron, but it was present only in some marine collections. Considerable sequence divergence occurred among groups of collections in both the rbcL (0–16%) and 18S rRNA (0–10.6%) genes with little corresponding diversity in morphology. These values are higher than those reported previously for intergeneric, intrafamilial, or interfamilial comparisons in higher red algal taxa, but are consistent with those reported for the members of the Bangiales. Sequence analysis of the 18S rRNA gene of Bangia collections with six Porphyra species yielded a tree in which Porphyra is paraphyletic within Bangia. In addition, the molecular divergence appears to be quite low between the two genera.
Confirmation and fine-mapping of a major QTL for resistance to infectious pancreatic necrosis in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): population-level associations between markers and trait (2009)

The QTL confirmed in this study represents a case of a major gene explaining the bulk of genetic variation for a presumed complex trait. QTL genotypes were deduced within most parents of the 2005 generation of a major breeding company, providing a solid framework for linkage-based MAS within the whole population in subsequent generations. Since haplotype-trait associations valid at the population level were found, there is also a potential for MAS based on linkage disequilibrium (LD). However, in order to use MAS across many generations without reassessment of linkage phases between markers and the underlying polymorphism, the QTL needs to be positioned with even greater accuracy. This will require higher marker densities than are currently available.
Redox-assisted multicomponent deposition of ultrathin amorphous metal oxides on arbitrary substrates: highly durable cobalt manganese oxyhydroxide for efficient oxygen evolution (2018)

Large-scale amorphous metal oxide films deposited on arbitrary substrates <italic>via</italic> redox interaction exhibit greater efficiency and durability in electrocatalytic oxygen evolution than benchmark materials.
Modern technology of particle size measurement (2002)

Particle size measurement has become an important branch of modern surveying.Methods and principles of traditional particle size measurement technologies such as sieving analysis,microscopic analysis,sedimentation analysis and electric induction were introduced.New methods and novel technologies for particle size measurement developed in the recent years such as light scattering,mass spectrometry and measurement based on Brownian movement were also discussed.
Regulation of Capillary Formation by Laminin and other Components of the Extracellular Matrix (1997)

The process of angiogenesis (vessel formation) and the resulting stabilization of the mature vessel are complex events that are highly regulated and require signals from both serum and the extracellular matrix. Endothelial cells rest on a specialized thin extracellular matrix known as the basement membrane. Endothelial cells lining normal blood vessels are usually quiescent. When a proper stimulus is present, angiogenesis beings when endothelial cells degrade their basement membrane and invade the surrounding extravascular matrix. Formation of new vessels involves the migration and proliferation of cells. To assist the cells in their migration, the extravascular matrix provides an environment rich in stromal collagen fibers, fibrin, hyaluoronic acid, vitronectin and fibronectin. Once the endothelial cells assemble to form a new vessel, the cells secrete a basement membrane that helps to stabilize and maintain the vessel wall. The basement membrane adheres tightly to cells comprising the vessel wall, provides inductive signals, and plays a important role in the homeostasis of new vessels. We have demonstrated that two major components of the basement membrane, laminin and collagen IV, possess endothelial cell binding sites which regulate vessel stability. In this chapter, we will define the role of these molecules in endothelial cell behavior.
Highly Enantioselective Nickel-Catalyzed Hydrovinylation with Chiral Phosphoramidite Ligands (2002)

Readily available chiral phosphoramidites are a promising class of ligands for nickel-catalyzed asymmetric hydrovinylation of vinyl arenes. Cooperative effects are operative when ligands with more than one element of chirality are used. Choosing the proper stereochemistry in each part of the modular ligand system leads to high chemoselectivities and excellent enantioselectivities up to 94%. Moreover, the catalysts derived from these ligands proved extremely efficient and remarkably robust performing up to 8300 catalytic turnovers at an initial turnover frequency beyond 1000 h-1. The large potential for structural variation and their straightforward synthesis make the phosphoramidites currently the best lead structure for catalyst development in this field.
[Le Fort III osteotomy and medium position distraction for mid-facial hypoplasia]. (2004)

Patients with severe mid-facial hypoplasia could be corrected ideally by the new technique, with balanced advancement of mid-facial skeleton, minor trauma. The design of distraction system was reasonable. The manipulation of the procedure was easy.
Sulfolane-Based Electrolyte for High Voltage Li(Ni<sub>0.42</sub>Mn<sub>0.42</sub>Co<sub>0.16</sub>)O<sub>2</sub>(NMC442)/Graphite Pouch Cells (2015)

Ethylene carbonate (EC)-free electrolyte composed of sulfolane (SL), ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC) and vinylene carbonate (VC) was studied in Li(Ni0.42Mn0.42Co0.16)O2 (NMC442)/graphite pouch cells using in situ measurements of gas evolution, ultra high precision coulometry (UHPC), automated storage experiments, long-term cycling and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Although cells using 1 M LiPF6 in SL:EMC 3:7 (w:w) do not function at all, the addition of only 1% VC allows the cells to operate normally. In situ gas measurements show that NMC442/Graphite pouch cells containing SL:EMC:VC electrolyte produce less gas during formation than cells containing control (1 M LiPF6 EC:EMC 3:7 (w:w)) electrolyte or 2% VC in control electrolyte. Cycling and storage experiments show that cells containing SL:EMC:VC electrolytes can provide better performance than control electrolyte without additives and similar performance to state-of-the-art electrolyte with the ternary additive blend 2% prop-1-ene-1,3-sultone (PES) +1% methylene methanedisulfonate (MMDS) +1% tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphite (TTSPi) ("PES-211") in EC:EMC 3:7 (w:w). The SL:EMC:VC system needs to be further explored with additional additives and from a safety perspective.
Application of Additive Manufacturing Technology Advances to Food Processing (2019)

The additive manufacturing technology has not been used to process or build foods in the required shapes or patterns using raw or cooked ingredients of the food, especially in the varying ingredients ratio. The continuous expansion of additive manufacturing technology application requires that the materials application is expanded to enable it to widen its application. One of the key factors that is slowing down the fast development of the technology is the limited material application. This paper therefore looks at modifying the existing 3D Printer to print foods such as chocolate with varying taste at different layers, or labelling of pastries such already baked cake with inscriptions such as “HAPPY BIRTHDAY”, “HAPPY WEDDING ANNIVERSARY”, etc. The author has therefore undertaken a critical study of various processes of additive manufacturing technology and has come out with a modified system branded as “In-flight Mixing System”, an attachment to an available 3D Printer (ReplicatorG). The modified system has been used to cross-mix to blend two ingredients of food (assorted colour of sugar syrup) on the surface of deposition to print layers of the syrup by the influence of compressed air. The In-flight mixing Additive Manufacturing technology avoids mixing of base materials before injecting through nozzles for building, hence preventing waste due to expiration of mixed ingredients.
Synthesis and characterization of nanosized Ce<sub>1-x</sub>bi<sub>x</sub>o<sub>2-δ</sub> solid solutions for catalytic applications (2010)

This study consists of elaborating and characterizing some nanometric materials in basic of rare-earth oxides by the soft chemistry technique. the first step of this work consists of synthesizing nanometric pure ceria by sol-gel process. In the second one, the Bismuth doped ceria by co-precipitation method was realized in order to obtain ceria-based solid solution, to improve its catalytic property by creation of oxygen vacancies. The solubility limit of Bi2O3 in CeO2 was determined to be around 20 atom %. The effect of thermal treatment temperatures on the average crystallite sizes and lattice parameters was done for pure ceria and Ce1-xBixO2-x/2 (x = 0.15 and 0.2). The different elaborated samples are subject of structural characterization (XRD). Catalytic reactivity of these materials in presence of “air- toxic gas” mixtures is studied by Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR).
Pose-Aware Face Recognition in the Wild (2016)

We propose a method to push the frontiers of unconstrained face recognition in the wild, focusing on the problem of extreme pose variations. As opposed to current techniques which either expect a single model to learn pose invariance through massive amounts of training data, or which normalize images to a single frontal pose, our method explicitly tackles pose variation by using multiple pose specific models and rendered face images. We leverage deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to learn discriminative representations we call Pose-Aware Models (PAMs) using 500K images from the CASIA WebFace dataset. We present a comparative evaluation on the new IARPA Janus Benchmark A (IJB-A) and PIPA datasets. On these datasets PAMs achieve remarkably better performance than commercial products and surprisingly also outperform methods that are specifically fine-tuned on the target dataset.
Genotypes of Canine Distemper Virus Determined by Analysis of the Hemagglutinin Genes of Recent Isolates from Dogs in Japan (1999)

Canine distemper of domestic dogs is caused by canine distemper virus (CDV), a member of the morbilliviruses. It has been a highly contagious disease of great veterinary importance for centuries, but for the last several decades it has been controlled satisfactorily by modified live vaccines. In the 1990s, however, it was described that CDV strains genetically different from vaccine strains may have caused the disease in vaccinated dogs. The highest antigenic variation is found in the H protein. Therefore, in the present study, hemagglutinin (H) genes obtained from current vaccines and field isolates and amplified directly from clinical specimens were genetically analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism assay and sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis of the H-gene amino acid sequences revealed that at least two CDV genotypes are circulating among dogs in Japan; one is a genotype to which almost all Japanese CDV isolates belong and the other has not been previously described. Both are separate and independent from the other lineages or genotypes of vaccine strains, as well as European and U.S. CDV isolates. The results suggest that CDV has also evolved in Japan, and further studies will be needed for an evaluation and possible improvement of the efficacies of current CDV vaccines.
Analysis of Ultralow-Frequency Electromagnetic Field Measurements Associated with the 1999 M 7.1 Hector Mine, California, Earthquake Sequence (2002)

We installed two electromagnetic (EM) monitoring systems in the im- mediate aftermath of the 16 October 1999 Hector Mine earthquake to search for possible continuing ultralow-frequency (ULF) EM activity due to the mainshock as well as for any precursory or coseismic EM signals that might be associated with large aftershocks. We installed the first portable monitoring system 2.5 days after the M 7.1 Hector Mine earthquake at a location 16 km southeast of the epicenter and 2 km east of the surface rupture. A second system was installed on 29 October 1999, 10 km northwest of the epicenter and within 100 m of the surface rupture. Our continuous measurements of multiple-component magnetic field, electric field, and ground motion span the low frequencies appropriate for recording possible EM sig- nals generated at seismogenic depths and were carried out during 3 months following the mainshock. Continuous magnetic-field measurements at observatory EM stations operating in California are used as remote-reference sites to remove global atmo- spheric signals, which helps isolate local terrestrial sources of interest. Our analysis of preseismic ULF-EM variations, the coseismic response, the 2-month-long magnetic-field power spectra, and electric-field polarization shows no anomalous behavior clearly associated with seismic activity.
Nonlinear Smoluchowski slip velocity and micro-vortex generation (2002)

When an electric field is applied across a conducting and ion-selective porous granule in an electrolyte solution, a polarized surface layer with excess counter-ions is created. The depth of this layer and the overpotential V across this layer are functions of the normal electric field j on the granule surface. By transforming the ionic flux equations and the Poisson equation into the Painlevé equation of the second type and by analysing the latter's asymptotic solutions, we derive a linear universal j – V correlation at large flux with an electrokinetic slip length β. The flux-induced surface polarization produces a nonlinear Smoluchowski slip velocity that can couple with the granule curvature to produce micro-vortices in micro-devices. Such vortices are impossible in irrotational electrokinetic flow with a constant zeta-potential and a linear slip velocity.
<title>High Speed Laser Facsimile Scanner</title> (1980)

There are two principal methods of producing correspondence quality copy from a laser printer. One method employs a polygonal mirror spinner as the scanning element and the other method uses an acousto-optic laser beam deflector. The operation and experimental characterization of two breadboard scanner systems, one of each type, are discussed. The performance characteristics are then compared and cost considerations presented.