gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantum interface between a transmon qubit and spins of nitrogen-vacancy centers (2017)

Hybrid quantum circuits combining advantages of each individual system have provided a promising platform for quantum information processing. Here we propose an experimental scheme to directly couple a transmon qubit to an individual spin in the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center, with a coupling strength three orders of magnitude larger than that for a single spin coupled to a coplanar waveguide microwave cavity. This direct coupling between the transmon and the NV center could be utilized to make a transmon bus, leading to a coherently virtual exchange among different single spins. Furthermore, we demonstrate that, by coupling a transmon to a low-density NV ensemble, a swap operation between the transmon and NV ensemble is feasible and a quantum nondemolition measurement on the state of the NV ensemble can be realized on the cavity-transmon-NV-ensemble hybrid system. Moreover, in this system, a virtual coupling can be achieved between the cavity and NV ensemble, which is much larger in magnitude than the direct coupling between the cavity and the NV ensemble. The photon state in the cavity can thus be stored into NV spins more efficiently through this virtual coupling.
Evi‐1 promotes para‐aortic splanchnopleural hematopoiesis through up‐regulation of GATA‐2 and repression of TGF‐b signaling (2008)

Evi-1 is a zinc-finger transcriptional factor whose inappropriate expression leads to leukemic transformation in mice and humans. Recently, it has been shown that Evi-1 regulates proliferation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells at embryonic stage via GATA-2 up-regulation; however, detailed mechanisms underlying Evi-1-mediated early hematopoiesis are not fully understood. We therefore evaluated hematopoietic potential of Evi-1 mutants using a cultivation system of murine para-aortic splanchnopleural (P-Sp) regions, and found that both the first zinc finger domain and the acidic domain were required for Evi-1-mediated hematopoiesis. The hematopoietic potential of Evi-1 mutants was likely to be related to its ability to up-regulate GATA-2 expression. We also showed that the decreased colony forming capacity of Evi-1-deficient P-Sp cells was successfully recovered by inhibition of TGF-b signaling, using ALK5 inhibitor or retroviral transfer of dominant-negative-type Smad3. Our findings suggest that Evi-1 promotes hematopoietic stem/progenitor expansion at the embryonic stage through up-regulation of GATA-2 and repression of TGF-beta signaling.
The QoS support using DSR protocol In Mobile Ad-hoc Network (2003)

In this paper, we propose an DSR(Dynamic Source Routing) protocol to support QoS for reliable data transmission in the mobile ad-hoc network. The proposed algorithm uses DSR protocol to support QoS as its basic routing protocol, and uses the nodes which are between source and destination nodes as key QoS support. Because of moving nodes there is some problem that is restricted reliable data transmission. For solve this problem, source node set up the QoS link with destination node. The nodes that are located at QoS link and find out loss of transmission path save the transmitting data packets. Those search a new transmission path to destination node and transmit the saved data packet to destination node. As the result of evaluation, we found the proposed QoS network guaranteed reliable data transmission with almost 100% data reception rate for slowly moving mobile ad-hoc network and with more 96% data reception rate, which is improvement of 3.7737% reception rate compared with none QoS network, for continuously fast moving mobile ad-hoc network
Thirty-seven candidate genes for polycystic ovary syndrome: Strongest evidence for linkage is with follistatin (1999)

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder of women, characterized by hyperandrogenism and chronic anovulation. It is a leading cause of female infertility and is associated with polycystic ovaries, hirsutism, obesity, and insulin resistance. We tested a carefully chosen collection of 37 candidate genes for linkage and association with PCOS or hyperandrogenemia in data from 150 families. The strongest evidence for linkage was with the follistatin gene, for which affected sisters showed increased identity by descent (72%; chi(2) = 12.97; nominal P = 3.2 x 10(-4)). After correction for multiple testing (33 tests), the follistatin findings were still highly significant (P(c) = 0.01). Although the linkage results for CYP11A were also nominally significant (P = 0.02), they were no longer significant after correction. In 11 candidate gene regions, at least one allele showed nominally significant evidence for population association with PCOS in the transmission/disequilibrium test (chi(2) >/= 3.84; nominal P < 0.05). The strongest effect in the transmission/disequilibrium test was observed in the INSR region (D19S884; allele 5; chi(2) = 8.53) but was not significant after correction. Our study shows how a systematic screen of candidate genes can provide strong evidence for genetic linkage in complex diseases and can identify those genes that should have high (or low) priority for further study.
A New Gradient-Based Mode Selection of Intra Prediction for 4մ block in H.264/AVC (2006)

In this paper, we propose a new gradient-based mode selection of intra prediction for 4times4 block in H.264/AVC video coding standard. In order to achieve rate distortion optimization, H.264/AVC encoder has to code the video by exhaustively trying all the mode combinations, including different intra prediction modes. As a result, the computational complexity of H.264/AVC encoder increases drastically. Based on local edge direction, the proposed method considerably reduces the overall complexity and encoding time by using a few candidate modes instead of all nine modes for intra mode selection of H.264/AVC. The proposed method, which was implemented into JM9.4 provided by Joint Video Team (JVT), can reduce about 58.4% in regard to computation complexity and 51.9% as to encoding time over full search method while maintaining similar PSNR and bite rate
The molecular mechanism of lipid monolayer collapse (2008)

Lipid monolayers at an air-water interface can be compressed laterally and reach high surface density. Beyond a certain threshold, they become unstable and collapse. Lipid monolayer collapse plays an important role in the regulation of surface tension at the air-liquid interface in the lungs. Although the structures of lipid aggregates formed upon collapse can be characterized experimentally, the mechanism leading to these structures is not fully understood. We investigate the molecular mechanism of monolayer collapse using molecular dynamics simulations. Upon lateral compression, the collapse begins with buckling of the monolayer, followed by folding of the buckle into a bilayer in the water phase. Folding leads to an increase in the monolayer surface tension, which reaches the equilibrium spreading value. Immediately after their formation, the bilayer folds have a flat semielliptical shape, in agreement with theoretical predictions. The folds undergo further transformation and form either flat circular bilayers or vesicles. The transformation pathway depends on macroscopic parameters of the system: the bending modulus, the line tension at the monolayer-bilayer connection, and the line tension at the bilayer perimeter. These parameters are determined by the system composition and temperature. Coexistence of the monolayer with lipid aggregates is favorable at lower tensions of the monolayer-bilayer connection. Transformation into a vesicle reduces the energy of the fold perimeter and is facilitated for softer bilayers, e.g., those with a higher content of unsaturated lipids, or at higher temperatures.
Parallel programming with control abstraction (1994)

Parallel programming involves finding the potential parallelism in an application and mapping it to the architecture at hand. Since a typical application has more potential parallelism than any single architecture can exploit effectively, programmers usually limit their focus to the parallelism that the available control constructs express easily and that the given architecture exploits efficiently. This approach produces programs that exhibit much less parallelism that exists in the application, and whose performance depends critically on the underlying hardware and software. We argue for an alternative approach based on control abstraction . Control abstraction is the process by which programmers define new control constructs, specifying constraints on statement ordering separately from an implementation of that ordering. With control abstraction programmers can define and use a rich variety of control constructs to represent an algorithm's potential parallelism. Since control abstraction separates the definition of a construct from its implementation, a construct may have several different implementations, each exploiting a different subset of the parallelism admitted by the construct. By selecting an implementation for each control construct using annotations, a programmer can vary the parallelism in a program to best exploit the underlying hardware without otherwise changing the source code. This approach produces programs that exhibit most of the potential parallelism in an algorithm, and whose performance can be tuned simply by choosing among the various implementations for the control constructs in use.
Dynamic RLC mode based upon link adaptation to reduce latency and improve throughput in cellular networks (2016)

Latency is key in today cellular networks. The latest 3GPP Release 14 includes a future work item to shorten the Transmission Time Interval of LTE networks from 1ms to 0.5ms in order to lower the overall system latency. Towards achieving such goal, this paper proposes a mechanism to reduce the latency of mobile cellular systems, while improving the throughput, by leveraging the benefits of the two modalities of operation of the Radio Link Control (RLC) protocol, namely Unacknowledgment Mode (UM) and Acknowledgment Mode (AM). By analyzing and comparing the performance of RLC in UM and AM in the presence of difference network conditions, a novel mechanism is proposed which introduces an adaptive RLC mode which dynamically alternates between UM and AM according to the real-time analysis of radio conditions. The mechanism aims to improve system latency, reduce processing power and improve throughput by enabling UM, while, on the other hand, increase data reliability when radio conditions degrade by activating AM. This approach minimizes the system delay by reducing layer 2 overhead and complexity whilst maintaining data reliability.
Pixel-wise object tracking (2017)

In this paper, we propose a novel pixel-wise visual object tracking framework that can track any anonymous object in a noisy background. The framework consists of two submodels, a global attention model and a local segmentation model. The global model generates a region of interests (ROI) that the object may lie in the new frame based on the past object segmentation maps, while the local model segments the new image in the ROI. Each model uses a LSTM structure to model the temporal dynamics of the motion and appearance, respectively. To circumvent the dependency of the training data between the two models, we use an iterative update strategy. Once the models are trained, there is no need to refine them to track specific objects, making our method efficient compared to online learning approaches. We demonstrate our real time pixel-wise object tracking framework on a challenging VOT dataset
Minimum inhibitory concentration of adherence of Punica granatum Linn (pomegranate) gel against S. mutans, S. mitis and C. albicans (2006)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effect of a Punica granatum Linn (pomegranate) phytotherapeutic gel and miconazole (Daktarin oral gel) against three standard streptococci strains (mutans ATCC 25175, sanguis ATCC 10577 and mitis ATCC 9811), S. mutans clinically isolated and Candida albicans either alone or in association. The effect of minimum inhibitory concentrations of the gels on the adherence of these microorganisms to glass was assessed in the presence of 5% sucrose, using increasing and doubled concentrations of the diluted solution of the gels ranging from 1:1 to 1:1024. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of adherence of Punica granatum L. gel against the test organisms were: 1:16 for S. mutans (ATCC), S. mutans (CI) and S. sanguis; 1:128 for S. mitis and 1:64 for C. albicans. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of adherence of miconazole against the same organisms were: 1:512, 1:64, 1:4, 1:128 and 1:16, respectively. In experiments with three and four associated microorganisms, the Punica granatum L. gel had greater efficiency in inhibiting microbial adherence than the miconazole. The results of this study suggest that this phytotherapeutic agent might be used in the control of adherence of different microorganisms in the oral cavity.
BP-Transformer: Modelling Long-Range Context via Binary Partitioning (2019)

The Transformer model is widely successful on many natural language processing tasks. However, the quadratic complexity of self-attention limit its application on long text. In this paper, adopting a fine-to-coarse attention mechanism on multi-scale spans via binary partitioning (BP), we propose BP-Transformer (BPT for short). BPT yields $O(k\cdot n\log (n/k))$ connections where $k$ is a hyperparameter to control the density of attention. BPT has a good balance between computation complexity and model capacity. A series of experiments on text classification, machine translation and language modeling shows BPT has a superior performance for long text than previous self-attention models. Our code, hyperparameters and CUDA kernels for sparse attention are available in PyTorch.
Generation of an MC3R knock-out pig by CRSPR/Cas9 combined with somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technology (2019)

A MC3R KO pig strain was generated using the CRSIPR/Cas9-based system, which makes it possible to study the biological function of MC3R in a non-rodent model.
Adenovirus-mediated Bax overexpression for the induction of therapeutic apoptosis in prostate cancer. (2001)

Using adenoviral technology, we overexpressed the proapoptotic molecules pro-caspase-3, pro-caspase-7, and Bax to induce therapeutic apoptosis of prostate cancer cell lines growing in vitro and in vivo. Because overexpressed pro-caspase-3 did not undergo autocatalytic activation in any of the five prostate cancer cell lines evaluated, this strategy was unable to engage any component of the apoptotic pathway. Overexpressed pro-caspase-7 was proteolytically cleaved in LNCaP and LnCaP-Bcl-2 cells but not in PC-3, DU-145, or TsuPr(1) cells. Cleavage was associated with engagement of many components of the apoptotic pathway, including DEVDase activity, cleavage of intracellular caspase targets such as the DNA fragmentation factor and the proapoptotic Bid, release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling. No apoptosis was observed in the cells where caspase-7 did not undergo autocatalytic activation. Searching for an approach that would more reliably induce therapeutic apoptosis of prostate cancer cell lines, we used a binary adenoviral system to overexpress the proapoptotic molecule Bax. Bax was dramatically overexpressed and caused apoptosis of every cell line infected by engaging the mitochondrial pathway, including proteolytic cleavage and catalytic activation of the caspases, cleavage of caspase substrates, release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria, and DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, three injections of the Bax overexpression system into PC-3 cell tumors in nude mice in vivo caused a 25% regression in tumor size corresponding to a 90% reduction relative to continued tumor growth in animals that received injections with the control binary system expressing Lac-Z. These experiments show that adenovirus-mediated Bax overexpression is capable of inducing therapeutic programmed cell death in vitro and in vivo by activating the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. On the basis of these studies, we conclude that manipulation of Bax expression is an attractive new gene therapy approach for the treatment of prostate cancer.
10-Gb/s PMD compensation using deformed-helical ferroelectric liquid crystals (2002)

Polarization mode dispersion hampers development of /spl ges/10 Gb/s trunk lines but can be compensated by endless polarization controllers and birefringent fiber. We demonstrate automatic 10 Gb/s polarisation mode dispersion (PMD) compensation using a DHF cell with /spl sim/0.1 dB attenuation, 6 Vpp, applied voltage, and /spl sim/200 /spl mu/s response time.
Mode Multiplexer/Demultiplexer Based on a Partially Elongated Multi-Core Fiber (2014)

A mode multiplexer/demultiplexer based on a partially elongated multi-core fiber is designed and fabricated. The mode conversion from the LP01 mode to the LP11 mode at two wavelengths is demonstrated by changing the elongating condition.
An improved fog-degraded image enhancement algorithm (2007)

In fog weather, Images captured by outdoor surveillance system degrade significantly and suffer from poor contrast. This paper presents an improved algorithm for enhancing fog-degraded image contrast in which a moving mask is used. By assuming the pixels in a mask having same scene depth, the algorithm applies the modified partially overlapped sub-block histogram equalization to implement contrast enhancement in every mask. It involves two steps: first, sky region is segmented in order to restrain over-enhancement in the flat region and reduce noise; then, remove the sky pixels in masks and modify the histogram information in mask, thus the modified partially overlapped histogram equalization transformation function for enhancement can be gotten. This paper also proposes a novel fuzzy edge detection algorithm to evaluate above contrast enhancement effect. Experiments on many fog-degraded images demonstrate that the proposed improved algorithm is simple and effective in contrast enhancement of fog-degraded images.
Highly ordered palladium nanodots and nanowires from switchable block copolymer thin films (2009)

We demonstrate a new approach to fabricate highly ordered arrays of nanoscopic palladium dots and wires using switchable block copolymer thin films. The surface-reconstructed block copolymer templates were directly deposited with palladium nanoparticles from a simple aqueous solution. The preferential interaction of the nanoparticles with one of the blocks is mainly responsible for the lateral arrangement of the nanoparticles inside the pores of the templates in addition to the capillary forces. A subsequent stabilization by UV-irradiation followed by pyrolysis in air at 450 degrees C removes the polymer to produce highly ordered metallic nanostructures. We extended this approach to micellar films to obtain metallic nanostructures. This method is highly versatile as the procedure used here is simple, eco-friendly and provides a simple approach to fabricate a broad range of nanoscaled architectures with tunable lateral spacing, and can be extended to systems with even smaller dimensions.
Distinct Molecular Bases for pH Sensitivity of the Guard Cell K+ Channels KST1 and KAT1 (1999)

Acid-induced potassium uptake through K+ channels is a prerequisite for stomatal opening. Our previous studies identified a pore histidine as a major component of the acid activation mechanism of the potato guard cell K+ channel KST1 (1). Although this histidine is highly conserved among all plant K+ uptake channels cloned so far, the pH-dependent gating of the Arabidopsis thaliana guard cell K+ channel KAT1 was not affected by mutations of this histidine. In both channels, KST1 and KAT1, aspartate mutants in the K+ channel consensus sequence GYGD adjacent to the histidine (KST1-D269N and KAT1-D265N) were inhibited by a rise in the extracellular proton concentration. pH changes affected the half-maximal activation voltage V(1)/(2) of the KST1 mutant, whereas in the mutant channel KAT1-D265N an acid-induced decrease in the maximum conductance gmax indicated the presence of a proton block. In contrast to the wild type KST1, the S4-mutant channel KST1-R181Q exhibited an activation upon alcalization of the extracellular solution. From our electrophysiological studies on channel mutants with respect to the pore histidine as well as the aspartate, we conclude that the common proton-supported shift in the voltage dependence of KST1 and KAT1 is based on distinct molecular elements.
Efficient LiDAR data compression for embedded V2I or V2V data handling (2019)

LiDAR are increasingly being used in intelligent vehicles (IV) or intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Storage and transmission of data generated by LiDAR sensors are one of the most challenging aspects of their deployment. In this paper we present a method that can be used to efficiently compress LiDAR data in order to facilitate storage and transmission in V2V or V2I applications. This method can be used to perform lossless or lossy compression and is specifically designed for embedded applications with low processing power. This method is also designed to be easily applicable to existing processing chains by keeping the structure of the data stream intact. We benchmarked our method using several publicly available datasets and compared it with state-of-the-art LiDAR data compression methods from the literature.
Coupled chirped vertical gratings for on-chip group velocity dispersion engineering (2009)

Coupled chirped vertical gratings are proposed for on-chip group velocity dispersion engineering. The device circumvents the need for directional couplers or circulators to redirect compensated data. Finite difference time domain simulations and experimental verification of fabricated devices are performed. Dispersion values of up to 8.4×105 ps/nm/km are demonstrated.
A novel hierarchical-search block matching algorithm and VLSI architecture considering the spatial complexity of the macroblock (1998)

We propose a novel hierarchical-search block matching algorithm for motion estimation, which adaptively selects an initial search level based on the spatial complexity of a matching block. It relies on a simple computation of the pixel intensity variation in the current macroblock. We demonstrate its effectiveness in two aspects: the performance and the computational cost. A hardware architecture and a VLSI realization of this algorithm with half-pel motion estimation and motion compensation are also presented. The proposed algorithm greatly reduces the computations required in the existing hierarchical-search block matching algorithms while achieves virtually identical performance to them.
Front tracking for quantifying advection-reaction-diffusion (2017)

We present an algorithm for measuring the speed and thickness of reaction fronts, and from those quantities, the diffusivity and the reaction rate of the active chemical species. This front-tracking algorithm provides local measurements suitable for statistics and requires only a sequence of concentration fields. Though our eventual goal is front tracking in advection-reaction-diffusion, here we demonstrate the algorithm in reaction-diffusion. We test the algorithm with validation data in which front speed and thickness are prescribed, as well as simulation results in which diffusivity and reaction rate are prescribed. In all tests, measurements closely match true values. We apply the algorithm to laboratory experiments using the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction, producing speed, diffusivity, and reaction rate measurements that are statistically more robust than in prior studies. Finally, we use thickness measurements to quantify the concentration profile of chemical waves in the reaction.