gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel anammox bacteria for wastewater treatment (2011)

A novel anammox bacteria Candidatus Brocadia caroliniensis, having Accession Deposit Number NRRL B-50286 and the characteristics of oxidizing ammonia and releasing di-nitrogen under anaerobic conditions, has been discovered. It can be used for effective treatment of wastewater having undesirable levels of ammonia, including agricultural, industrial, or municipal wastewaters. It was isolated from livestock manure sludge at the USDA-ARS laboratory in Florence, South Carolina. The obtained anammox sludge has been used for quick start-up of bio-reactors. Average nitrogen removal rates obtained were 1.5 kg N/m3-reactor/day with loading rates of 1.7 kg N/m3-reactor/day and HRT of 3.9 hours. The stoichiometric ratios were NH4+ + 1.30 NO2- ¿ 1.06 N2 + 0.18 NO3-. A specific FISH probe FLO-1 was developed. The specific N removal activity obtained was 0.506 mg N/mg VSS/day for ammonia + nitrite removal. The bacterial isolate is capable of long-term storage and reactivation after lyophilization; this protocol was used for its successful deposit in the Agricultural Research Culture Collection under the provisions of the Budapest Treaty of the UN.
Synthesis and biological characterization of .alpha.-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(5-fluoro-2-pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazinebutanol and analogs as potential atypical antipsychotic agents (1992)

A series of 1-(pyrimidin-2-yl)piperazine derivatives were prepared and evaluated in receptor binding assays and in in vivo behavioral paradigms as potential atypical antipsychotic agents. Compound 16 (BMS 181100 (formerly BMY 14802)) emerged as the lead compound from within the series on the basis of its good activity and duration of action in the inhibition of both conditioned avoidance responding and apomorphine-induced stereotopy in the rat. Compound 16 not only failed to induce catalepsy in the rat but was quite effective in reversing the cataleptic effect of neuroleptic agents, thus indicating a low propensity for causing extrapyramidal side effects. In comparison to reference antipsychotic agents, 16 appeared to be less sedating and was relatively weaker in causing muscle incoordination. The compound was essentially inactive in binding to dopamine D2 receptors and its chronic administration to rats did not result in dopamine receptor supersensitivity. It exhibited modest to weak affinity for 5-HT1A and alpha 1 receptors but was found to be a fairly potent ligand for sigma binding sites (IC50 vs (+)-[3H]-3-PPP = 112 nM). Although the resolved enantiomers of racemic 16 did not show dramatic differences from racemate or from each other in most tests, the R(+) enantiomer was up to 11-fold more potent than its antipode in binding to sigma sites. Several studies have indicated that 16 may be a limbic-selective agent which may modulate dopaminergic activity by an indirect mechanism. The compound has been selected for clinical evaluation in the treatment of psychosis.
Robustness of time frequency distribution based features for automated neonatal EEG seizure detection (2014)

In this paper we examined the robustness of a feature-set based on time-frequency distributions (TFDs) for neonatal EEG seizure detection. This feature-set was originally proposed in literature for neonatal seizure detection using a support vector machine (SVM). We tested the performance of this feature-set with a smoothed Wigner-Ville distribution and modified B distribution as the underlying TFDs. The seizure detection system using time-frequency signal and image processing features from the TFD of the EEG signal using modified B distribution was able to achieve a median receiver operator characteristic area of 0.96 (IQR 0.91-0.98) tested on a large clinical dataset of 826 h of EEG data from 18 full-term newborns with 1389 seizures. The mean AUC was 0.93.
Soybean FGAM synthase promoters direct ectopic nematode feeding site activity (2004)

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) resistance in soybean is a complex oligogenic trait. One of the most important nematode resistance genes, rhg1, has been mapped to a distal region of molecular linkage group G in soybean. A simplified genetic system to identify soybean genes with modified expression in response to SCN led to the identification of several genes within the nematode feeding sites. The genes were mapped to reveal their linkage relationship to known QTLs associated with soybean cyst nematode (SCN) resistance. One candidate, a phosphoribosyl formyl glycinamidine (FGAM) synthase (EC 6.3.5.3) gene, mapped to the same genomic interval as the major SCN resistance gene rhg1 within linkage group G. Isolation of FGAM synthase from a soybean bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library revealed two highly homologous paralogs. The genes appeared to be well conserved between bacteria and humans. Promoter analysis of the two soybean homologs was carried out with the Arabidopsis thaliana - Heterodera schachtii system to investigate gene response to nematode feeding. The two promoters and their derived deletion constructions effected green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression within nematode feeding sites. The 1.0-kb promoter sequence immediately adjacent to the translation start site was sufficient to direct expression of GFP within syncytia. A wound-inducible element and a floral organ expression sequence were also identified within these promoters. Although a nematode-responsive element could not be identified, the observed expression of GFP within feeding sites supports the hypothesis that plant gene expression is redirected within feeding sites to benefit the parasite.
ISOLATION OF SUCROSE SYNTHASE FROM RICE (ORYZA-SATIVA) GRAINS IN PILOT-SCALE FOR APPLICATION IN CARBOHYDRATE SYNTHESIS (1995)

peer reviewed
On the Impact of Uplink Scheduling on Intercell Interference Variation in MIMO OFDM Systems (2009)

Recently, several works have pointed out the negative impact of intercell interference variation on the performance of link adaptation in multi-cell single input single output (SISO) systems. However, the performance of adaptive precoder selection in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) cellular networks in the presence of interference variation is much less understood. In this paper we develop a simulation model for MIMO orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) networks that allows us to study the impact of popular scheduling and power control algorithms on the time variation of the uplink interference power. We find that employing a time persistent proportional fair scheduler (which we term proportional fair in frequency, PFF, scheduler) together with an open loop power control scheme significantly reduces intercell interference variation and thereby it provides higher throughput than traditional schedulers that are primarily optimized for a single cell setting without taking into account the variation of the intercell interference power.
Cloning and characterization of the gene encoding the endo polygalacturonase‐inhibiting protein (PGIP) of <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L. (1992)

Polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PGIP) is a cell wall protein purified from hypocotyls of true bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). PGIP inhibits fungal endopolygalacturonases and is considered to be an important factor for plant resistance to phytopathogenic fungi (Albersheim and Anderson, 1971; Cervone et al., 1987). The amino acid sequences of the N-terminus and one internal tryptic peptide of the PGIP purified from P. vulgaris cv. Pinto were used to design redundant oligonucleotides that were successfully utilized as primers in a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with total DNA of P. vulgaris as a template. A DNA band of 758 bp (a specific PCR amplification product of part of the gene coding for PGIP) was isolated and cloned. By using the 758-bp DNA as a hybridization probe, a lambda clone containing the PGIP gene was isolated from a genomic library of P. vulgaris cv. Saxa. The coding and immediate flanking regions of the PGIP gene, contained on a subcloned 3.3 kb SalI-SalI DNA fragment, were sequenced. A single, continuous ORF of 1026 nt (342 amino acids) was present in the genomic clone. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the PGIP gene showed no significant similarity with any known databank sequence. Northern blotting analysis of poly(A)+ RNAs, isolated from various tissues of bean seedlings or from suspension-cultured bean cells, were also performed using the cloned PCR-generated DNA as a probe. A 1.2 kb transcript was detected in suspension-cultured cells and, to a lesser extent, in leaves, hypocotyls, and flowers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Pervilleine A, a novel tropane alkaloid that reverses the multidrug-resistance phenotype. (2001)

P-Glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux can yield a multidrug-resistance (MDR) phenotype that is associated with a poor response to cancer chemotherapy. Pervilleine A, a novel tropane alkaloid obtained from a chloroform extract of Erythroxylum pervillei as the result of bioactivity-guided fractionation, was found to restore the vinblastine sensitivity of cultured multidrug-resistant KB-V1 and CEM/VLB(100) cells, with IC(50) values of 0.36 and 0.02 microM, respectively. Similarly, the chemosensitivity of KB-8-5 cells to colchicine was restored with an IC(50) value of 0.61 microM. The mechanism of this response was evaluated with a number of model systems. First, incubation of multidrug-resistant KB-V1 and CEM/VLB(100) cells with up to 45 microM pervilleine A for 72 h did not significantly affect either the transcription of MDR1, as revealed by reverse transcriptional-PCR-based analysis of MDR1 mRNA, or levels of P-glycoprotein, as shown by Western blots. ATP-dependent binding of [(3)H]vinblastine observed with isolated multidrug-resistant KB-V1 cell membrane vesicles was inhibited by pervilleine A in a dose-dependent manner, and kinetic analysis indicted competitive inhibition with respect to vinblastine binding with a K(i) of 7.3 microM. Consistent with this effect, intracellular accumulation of [(3)H]vinblastine was increased from 0.18 pmol [(3)H]vinblastine/50 x 10(4) cells to approximately 5 pmol [(3)H]vinblastine/50 x 10(4) cells in the presence of 40 microM pervilleine A. To explore the potential relevance of these responses, KB-V1 or KB-8-5 cells were placed in hollow fibers and implanted into NCr nu/nu mice. Cell growth was not significantly inhibited when vinblastine or pervilleine A were administered as single agents, but when used in combination, inhibition of up to 75% was observed. Equimolar doses of verapamil were less effective. These data suggest that pervilleine A is an effective inhibitor of P-glycoprotein and should be further evaluated for clinical utility.
The retrocyclin analogue RC‐101 prevents human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of a model human cervicovaginal tissue construct (2007)

Retrocyclins are cyclic antimicrobial peptides that exhibit potent activity towards a broad range of primary and laboratory-adapted strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in vitro. The current study shows that RC-101, an analogue of retrocyclin, prevented HIV-1 infection in an organ-like construct of human cervicovaginal tissue and retained full activity in the presence of vaginal fluid. The peptide remained within the cervicovaginal tissues throughout the 9-day incubation period without altering tissue viability, inducing damage or inducing the release of inflammatory cytokines. Collectively, these data support the potential development of RC-101 as a topical microbicide to prevent HIV-1 infection and transmission.
CHARACTERIZATION OF FIBRINOGEN RECEPTORS ASSOCIATED WITH GLTCCPROIEIN IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/GPIIIa) COMPLEX BY TRIGRAMIN, A UNIQUE LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT PEPTIDE PROBE (1987)

Trigramin (Mr weight 10 kDa), an acidic, cysteine rich peptide purified into homogeneity from Trimeresurus gramineus snake venom contained a single protein chain with EAGE at the NH2 terminal end. It inhibited platelet aggregation induced by various agents without affecting release reaction. It blocked competitively the binding of 125I-fibrincgen to AEP stimulated and chymotrypsin treated platelets (Ki= 2 × 10−8). 125-I trigramin bound to intact and to AEP stimulated platelets in a saturable manner (approx. 16,000 sites per platelet). However, AEP increased 5 fold, the binding affinity of trigramin to platelets (to Kd = 4 × 10−8M) suggesting that AEP is changing the conformation of receptors associated with GPIIb/GPIIIa complex. The binding of trigramin to thran-basthenic platelets was markedly reduced. The binding to normal platelets was significantly inhibited by EDTA and by monoclonal antibodies directed against GPIIb/GPIIIa complex but not by the antibodies directed against GPIIb or GPIIIa molecules. The binding of 125I-trigramin to AEP-stimulated platelets was inhibited by RGES (IC50 = 125 μM) and by YHHLGGAKOAGDV (C-terminal fragment of fibrinogen gamma chain, IC50 = 250 μM) suggesting that these or similar peptide sequences are required for interactions of various ligands with GPIIb/GPIIIa complex
Target Injection and Engagement for Neutron Generation at 1 Hz (2013)

Target injection is a key technology to realizing inertial fusion energy. Here we present the first demonstration of target injection and neutron generation. We injected more than 600 spherical deuterated polystyrene (C8D8) bead targets during 10 minutes at 1Hz. After the targets fell for a distance of 18cm, we applied the synchronized laser-diode-pumped ultra-intense laser HAMA and successfully generated neutrons repeatedly. The result is a step toward fusion power and also suggests possible industrial neutron sources.
Paradoxical Effect of Increased Diastolic Ca <sup>2+</sup> Release and Decreased Sinoatrial Node Activity in a Mouse Model of Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (2012)

The increased activity of RyR2(R4496C) in SAN leads to an unanticipated decrease in SAN automaticity by a Ca(2+)-dependent decrease of I(Ca,L) and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) depletion during diastole, identifying subcellular pathophysiological alterations contributing to the SAN dysfunction in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia patients.
Testing of High-Lift Common Research Model with Integrated Active Flow Control (2020)

A 10%-scale high-lift version of the Common Research Model and an active flow control (AFC) version of the model equipped with a simple-hinged flap were successfully tested. The main objective of the test was to develop an AFC system that can provide the necessary lift recovery on a simple-hinged flap high-lift system while minimizing its pneumatic power requirement. The tests were performed in the 14- by 22-Foot Subsonic Tunnel at the NASA Langley Research Center. Three types of AFC devices were examined: the double-row sweeping jets (DRSWJ), the alternating pulsed jets (APJ), and the high-efficiency low-power (HELP) actuators. The DRSWJ and the APJ actuators used two rows of unsteady jets, whereas the HELP actuators used a combination of unsteady and steady jets, to overcome strong adverse pressure gradients while minimizing the mass flow usage. Nozzle pressure ratio, mass flow consumption, and the power coefficient were used for judging the performance efficiency of the AFC devices. The current data are presented with the Transonic Wall Interference Correction System method applied. The HELP actuation concept was effective in controlling flow separation in the linear region of the curves comparing lift coefficient to mass flow rate. The HELP actuation achieved a targeted lift coefficient increment of 0.5, thus meeting the lift performance goal of the NASA Advanced Air Transport Technology project.
Distortion-Aware Scalable Video Streaming to Multinetwork Clients (2012)

<?Pub Dtl=""?> We consider the problem of scalable video streaming from a server to multinetwork clients over heterogeneous access networks, with the goal of minimizing the distortion of the received videos. This problem has numerous applications including: 1) mobile devices connecting to multiple licensed and ISM bands, and 2) cognitive multiradio devices employing spectrum bonding. In this paper, we ascertain how to optimally determine which video packets to transmit over each access network. We present models to capture the network conditions and video characteristics and develop an integer program for deterministic packet scheduling. Solving the integer program exactly is typically not computationally tractable, so we develop heuristic algorithms for deterministic packet scheduling, as well as convex optimization problems for randomized packet scheduling. We carry out a thorough study of the tradeoff between performance and computational complexity and propose a convex programming-based algorithm that yields good performance while being suitable for real-time applications. We conduct extensive trace-driven simulations to evaluate the proposed algorithms using real network conditions and scalable video streams. The simulation results show that the proposed convex programming-based algorithm: 1) outperforms the rate control algorithms defined in the Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP) by about 10–15 dB higher video quality; 2) reduces average delivery delay by over 90% compared to DCCP; 3) results in higher average video quality of 4.47 and 1.92 dB than the two developed heuristics; 4) runs efficiently, up to six times faster than the best-performing heuristic; and 5) does indeed provide service differentiation among users.
MF59<sup>®</sup>‐adjuvanted vaccines for seasonal and pandemic influenza prophylaxis (2008)

Influenza is a major cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality through frequent seasonal epidemics and infrequent pandemics. Morbidity and mortality rates from seasonal influenza are highest in the most frail, such as the elderly, those with underlying chronic conditions and very young children. Antigenic mismatch between strains recommended for vaccine formulation and circulating viruses can further reduce vaccine efficacy in these populations. Seasonal influenza vaccines with enhanced, cross-reactive immunogenicity are needed to address these problems and can confer a better immune protection, particularly in seasons were antigenic mismatch occurs. A related issue for vaccine development is the growing threat of pandemic influenza caused by H5N1 avian strains. Vaccines against strains with pandemic potential offer the best approach for reducing the potential impact of a pandemic. However, current non-adjuvanted pre-pandemic vaccines offer suboptimal immunogenicity against H5N1. For both seasonal and pre-pandemic vaccines, the addition of adjuvants may be the best approach for providing enhanced cross-reactive immunogenicity. MF59, the first oil-in-water emulsion licensed as an adjuvant for human use, can enhance vaccine immune responses through multiple mechanisms. A trivalent MF59-adjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccine (Fluad has shown to induce significantly higher immune responses to influenza vaccination in the elderly, compared with non-adjuvanted vaccines, and to provide cross-reactive immunity against divergent influenza strains. Similar results have been generated with a MF59-adjuvanted H5N1 pre-pandemic vaccine, which showed higher and broader immunogenicity compared with non-adjuvanted pre-pandemic vaccines.
Quantization with Constrained Relative Entropy and Its Application to Audio Coding (2009)

Conventional quantization distorts the probability density of the source. In scenarios such as low bit rate audio coding, this leads to perceived distortion that is not well characterized by commonly used distortion criteria. We propose the relative entropy between the probability densities of the original and reconstructed signals as an additional fidelity measure. Quantization with a constraint on relative entropy ensures that the probability density of the signal is preserved to a controllable extent. When it is included in an audio coder, the new quantization facilitates a continuous transition between the underlying concepts of the vocoder, the bandwidth extension, and a rate-distortion optimized coder. Experiments confirm the effectiveness of the new quantization scheme.
Performance Enhancement for Electrolytic Systems through the Application of a Cobalt-based Heterogeneous Water Oxidation Catalyst (2015)

We report a heterogeneous cobalt–phosphine-based water oxidation catalyst that was produced by thermal synthesis, and can be easily and rapidly deposited onto a variety of substrates from a suspension. Application of the catalyst dramatically improved the oxygen evolution efficiency and corrosion-resistance of stainless steel, nickel and copper anodes in alkaline media. More than 20 g of catalyst was prepared in a single batch, and it was shown to be effective at surface loadings as low as 20 μg/cm2. The catalyst was investigated in three different systems: (1) An alkaline electrolyzer with stainless steel electrodes activated with the catalyst supported 120–200% of the current density of an unactivated but otherwise identical electrolyzer, over a range of applied potentials, and maintained this improved efficiency throughout 1495 h of continuous use in 1 M NaOH. (2) Copper anodes were activated and protected from corrosion in dilute sodium hydroxide for 8 h of electrolysis, before a steady decrease in performance over the next 48 h. (3) Activation of nickel anodes with the catalyst reduced the required overpotential by 90–130 mV at current densities between 7.5 and 15 mA/cm2, thereby increasing the cell efficiency of water splitting as well as zinc deposition from alkaline zincate electrolytes. The cell efficiency for zinc deposition at a current density of 12.5 mA/cm2 was improved from 68.0% with a nickel anode to 72.0% with 50 μg/cm2 catalyst on the nickel anode.
Routing and Wavelength Assignment Information Encoding for Wavelength Switched Optical Networks (2015)

A Wavelength Switched Optical Network (WSON) requires certain key information fields be made available to facilitate path computation and the establishment of Label Switched Paths (LSPs). The information model described in &quot;Routing and Wavelength Assignment Information Model for Wavelength Switched Optical Networks &quot; (RFC 7446) shows what information is required at specific points in the
Distributed Mechanism for Computation Offloading Task Routing in Mobile Edge Cloud Network (2019)

The paper proposes a distributed mechanism for computation offloading task routing and dispatching in Mobile Edge Cloud (MEC) networks, based on an evolutional Internet framework named Big IP (BPP). The necessary information for computation offloading requests and server status updates is proposed in the paper, which can be carried in the Instructions and Metadata blocks as the extensions to the current IP packet. The numerical results are given to show the performance efficiency of the proposed BPP based mechanism in providing the high precision latency guarantee and reducing the control overhead for computation offloading.
Targeting nano drug delivery to cancer cells using tunable, multi‐layer, silver‐decorated gold nanorods (2017)

Multifunctional nanoparticles have high potential as targeting delivery vehicles for cancer chemotherapy. In this study, silver-decorated gold nanorods (AuNR\Ag) have been successfully used to deliver specific, targeted chemotherapy against breast cancer (MCF7) and prostate carcinoma (PC3) cell lines. Doxorubicin, a commonly used chemotherapy, and anti-Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (anti-EpCAM) antibodies were covalently bonded to thiolated polyethylene glycol-coated AuNR\Ag, and the resultant system was used to deliver the drugs to cancer cells in vitro. Furthermore, these nanoparticles have a unique spectral signature by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), which enables reliable detection and monitoring of the distribution of these chemotherapy constructs inside cells. The development of interest in a plasmonic nano drugs system with unique spectroscopic signatures could result in a clinical approach to the precise targeting and visualization of cells and solid tumors while delivering molecules for the enhanced treatment of cancerous tumors.