gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The effect of channel implants on MOS transistor characterization (1987)

MOS device characterization involves the extraction of parameters from electrical measurements. A nonuniform channel doping profile can make such characterization ambiguous since device parameters are usually based upon a uniform doping profile model. In this paper, we solve the one-dimensional Poisson's equation for several doping profiles and show the impact of a nonuniform doping profile on the threshold surface potential, threshold voltage, normal field mobility degradation, and transconductance.
Recognition and Cleavage of Primary MicroRNA Transcripts (2006)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are approx 22-nucleotide (nt)-long, single-stranded, endogenous, noncoding RNAs that are widely expressed in multicellular organisms. This chapter describes methods that allow the overexpression of human miRNAs and also discusses how primary miRNAs (pri-miRNAs), the much longer precursors of mature miRNAs, are processed in human cells, as well as in vitro.
α‐LNA (α‐D‐Configured Locked Nucleic Acid) (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The Molecular Hallmarks of the Serrated Pathway in Colorectal Cancer (2019)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. It includes different subtypes that differ in their clinical and prognostic features. In the past decade, in addition to the conventional adenoma-carcinoma model, an alternative multistep mechanism of carcinogenesis, namely the "serrated pathway", has been described. Approximately, 15 to 30% of all CRCs arise from neoplastic serrated polyps, a heterogeneous group of lesions that are histologically classified into three morphologic categories: hyperplastic polyps, sessile serrated adenomas/polyps, and the traditional serrated adenomas/polyps. Serrated polyps are characterized by genetic (<i>BRAF</i> or <i>KRAS</i> mutations) and epigenetic (CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP)) alterations that cooperate to initiate and drive malignant transformation from normal colon mucosa to polyps, and then to CRC. The high heterogeneity of the serrated lesions renders their diagnostic and pathological interpretation difficult. Hence, novel genetic and epigenetic biomarkers are required for better classification and management of CRCs. To date, several molecular alterations have been associated with the serrated polyp-CRC sequence. In addition, the gut microbiota is emerging as a contributor to/modulator of the serrated pathway. This review summarizes the state of the art of the genetic, epigenetic and microbiota signatures associated with serrated CRCs, together with their clinical implications.
Profiling of Volatile Organic Compounds in Exhaled Breath As a Strategy to Find Early Predictive Signatures of Asthma in Children (2014)

Wheezing is one of the most common respiratory symptoms in preschool children under six years old. Currently, no tests are available that predict at early stage who will develop asthma and who will be a transient wheezer. Diagnostic tests of asthma are reliable in adults but the same tests are difficult to use in children, because they are invasive and require active cooperation of the patient. A non-invasive alternative is needed for children. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) excreted in breath could yield such non-invasive and patient-friendly diagnostic. The aim of this study was to identify VOCs in the breath of preschool children (inclusion at age 2-4 years) that indicate preclinical asthma. For that purpose we analyzed the total array of exhaled VOCs with Gas Chromatography time of flight Mass Spectrometry of 252 children between 2 and 6 years of age. Breath samples were collected at multiple time points of each child. Each breath-o-gram contained between 300 and 500 VOCs; in total 3256 different compounds were identified across all samples. Using two multivariate methods, Random Forests and dissimilarity Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis, we were able to select a set of 17 VOCs which discriminated preschool asthmatic children from transient wheezing children. The correct prediction rate was equal to 80% in an independent test set. These VOCs are related to oxidative stress caused by inflammation in the lungs and consequently lipid peroxidation. In conclusion, we showed that VOCs in the exhaled breath predict the subsequent development of asthma which might guide early treatment.
Catalyzed metalation applied to 2-methoxypyridine (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalyzed metalation applied to 2-methoxypyridineF. Trecourt, M. Mallet, F. Marsais, and G. QueguinerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 7, 1367–1371Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00242a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00242a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views983Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Proteomic analysis of elite soybean Jidou17 and its parents using iTRAQ-based quantitative approaches (2013)

This study applied a proven technique to study proteomics in 14-day-old soybean leaves and explored the depth and breadth of soybean protein research. The results provide new data for further understanding the mechanisms of elite cultivar development.
Bayesian methods for neural networks (1995)

Bayesian techniques have been developed over many years in a range of dierent elds, but have only recently been applied to the problem of learning in neural networks. As well as providing a consistent framework for statistical pattern recognition, the Bayesian approach oers a number of practical advantages including a potential solution to the problem of over- tting. This chapter aims to provide an introductory overview of the application of Bayesian methods to neural networks. It assumes the reader is familiar with standard feed-forward network models and how to train them using conventional techniques. 1
Free space adaptive optical interconnect at 1.25 Gb/s, with beam steering using a ferroelectric liquid-crystal SLM (2006)

A free space adaptive optical interconnect is reported, in which an optically modulated channel from a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser at 1.25 Gb/s is steered using reconfigurable binary phase gratings displayed on a ferroelectric liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) spatial light modulator (SLM), to correct for misalignment. The optical system, and addressing scheme to maintain a transparent optical path, is described. The measured optical losses total 13.6 dB, sufficient to give a bit error rate (BER) of 10/sup -12/ with current optical transmitter and receiver technology. This is, to our knowledge, the first demonstration of a high-speed data transmission through an adaptive optical interconnect using an "off-the-shelf" commercial ferroelectric display panel.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy: retrograde transurethral dilation of the prostatic urethra in humans. Work in progress. (1987)

Retrograde transurethral balloon dilation of the prostatic urethra was performed in five human volunteers with benign prostatic hypertrophy. Each patient underwent cystoscopy, uroflow studies, voiding cystourethrography, retrograde urethrography, and magnetic resonance imaging before dilation and at defined intervals afterward. The longest follow-up to date is 8 months. Patients were given topical anesthetics and mild sedatives, and dilation was performed with a 25-mm urethroplasty balloon catheter inflated at 3-6 atm for 10 minutes. All catheter manipulations were done with a guide wire and under fluoroscopic control. Significant resolution of symptoms of prostatism was seen in four patients. The unsatisfactory results in the last patient were believed to be caused by ineffectual dilation of predominantly middle lobe hypertrophy--a condition that is now regarded as a contraindication to dilation. This technique has promise to replace transurethral resection of the prostate as the treatment of choice for this common male ailment.
113. Potent Therapeutic Efficacy of Neurotensin Receptor-Targeting and Extracellular Matrix-Degrading Oncolytic Adenovirus in an Orthotopic Pancreatic Tumor Model (2016)

Pancreatic cancer is highly aggressive, malignant, and notoriously difficult to cure using conventional cancer therapies. These conventional therapies have significant limitations due to excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) of pancreatic cancer and poor cancer specificity. The excess ECM prevents infiltration of drugs into the inner layer of the solid tumor. Therefore, novel treatment modalities that can specifically target the tumor and degrade the ECM are required for effective therapy. In the present study, we used ECM-degrading and Wnt signal-disrupting oncolytic adenovirus (oAd/DCN/LRP) to achieve a desirable therapeutic outcome against pancreatic cancer. In addition, to overcome the limitations in systemic delivery of oncolytic Ad (oAd) and to specifically target pancreatic cancer, neurotensin peptide (NT)-conjugated polyethylene glycol (PEG) was chemically crosslinked to the surface of Ad, generating a systemically injectable hybrid system, oAd/DCN/LRP-PEG-NT. We tested the targeting and therapeutic efficacy of oAd/DCN/LRP-PEG-NT toward neurotensin receptor 1 (NTR)-overexpressing pancreatic cancer cells, both in vitro and in vivo. The oAd/DCN/LRP-PEG-NT elicited increased NTR-selective cancer cell killing and increased transduction efficiency when compared with a cognate control lacking NT (oAd/DCN/LRP-PEG). Furthermore, systemic administration of oAd/DCN/LRP-PEG-NT significantly decreased induction of innate and adaptive immune responses against Ad, and blood retention time was markedly prolonged by PEGylation. Moreover, NTR-targeting oAd elicited greater in vivo tumor growth suppression when compared with naked oAd, and 9.5×106-fold increased tumor-to-liver ratio. This significantly enhanced antitumor effect of oAd/DCN/LRP-PEG-NT was mediated by active viral replication and viral spreading, which was facilitated by ECM degradation and inhibition of Wnt signaling-related factors (Wnt, β-catenin, and/or vimentin) in tumor tissues. Taken together, these results demonstrate that oAd/DCN/LRP-PEG-NT has strong therapeutic potential for systemic treatment of NTR-overexpressing pancreatic cancer, due to its NTR-targeting ability, enhanced therapeutic efficacy, and safety.
A spectral theory for circular seismic sources; simple estimates of source dimension, dynamic stress drop, and radiated seismic energy (1980)

abstract The far-field body wave radiation from a class of circular rupture models is investigated as a function of takeoff angle, rupture velocity, and stopping behavior. In particular, the variation of spectral shape, pulse shape, and energy flux over the focal sphere is quantified. These results provide two new methods for estimating the source dimension, the first through the inversion of a characteristic frequency, and the second using the rise time of the displacement pulse shape. The class of kinematic rupture models which has been constructed also allows a direct estimate of the dynamic stress drop using the velocity pulse shape: as an example, this technique is applied to an SMA1 recording of a high stress drop Aleutian earthquake, Finally, the introduction of a new spectral parameter, the integral of the square of the ground velocity, is shown to considerably simplify calculation of the total radiated energy. Together with a re-evaluation of corner frequency and spectral falloff, these new results constitute a spectral theory for circular seismic sources which includes directivity and is valid for a range of subsonic rupture velocities.
FoxO1 Deacetylation Decreases Fatty Acid Oxidation in β-Cells and Sustains Insulin Secretion in Diabetes (2016)

Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction contributes to onset and progression of type 2 diabetes. In this state β-cells become metabolically inflexible, losing the ability to select between carbohydrates and lipids as substrates for mitochondrial oxidation. These changes lead to β-cell dedifferentiation. We have proposed that FoxO proteins are activated through deacetylation-dependent nuclear translocation to forestall the progression of these abnormalities. However, how deacetylated FoxO exert their actions remains unclear. To address this question, we analyzed islet function in mice homozygous for knock-in alleles encoding deacetylated FoxO1 (6KR). Islets expressing 6KR mutant FoxO1 have enhanced insulin secretion in vivo and ex vivo and decreased fatty acid oxidation ex vivo Remarkably, the gene expression signature associated with FoxO1 deacetylation differs from wild type by only ∼2% of the >4000 genes regulated in response to re-feeding. But this narrow swath includes key genes required for β-cell identity, lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial fatty acid and solute transport. The data support the notion that deacetylated FoxO1 protects β-cell function by limiting mitochondrial lipid utilization and raise the possibility that inhibition of fatty acid oxidation in β-cells is beneficial to diabetes treatment.
Object placement in parallel object-oriented database systems (2002)

Parallelism is a viable solution to constructing high performance object-oriented database systems. In parallel systems based on a shared-nothing architecture, the database is horizontally declustered across multiple processors, enabling the system to employ multiple processors to speedup the execution time of a query. The placement of objects across the processors has a significant impact on the performance of queries that traverse a few objects. The paper describes and evaluates a greedy algorithm for the placement of objects across the processors of a system. Moreover, it describes two alternative availability strategies and quantifies their performance tradeoff using a trace-driven simulation study.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Hemodynamic Changes during Hemodialysis (1978)

35 patients with chronic renal failure were examined during the first 2 h of hemodialysis by invasive and non-invasive methods. The cardiac output was determined by the dye dilution technique in 11 of these patients and by Swan-Ganz catheterization in 5. In the patients without severe myocardial damage, the cardiac output during hemodialysis showed a significant increase (p less than 0.05), accompanied by a significant decrease of both mean blood pressure (p less than 0.05) and total peripheral resistance (p less than 0.05). Mean pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary artery wedge pressure were reduced in all cases during hemodialysis. The increase in cardiac output during hemodialysis in patients with chronic renal failure may be attributed to the decrease in afterload.
Intermodulation crosstalk of graphene-enabled electro-optic microring modulators for DWDM interconnects (2017)

The intermodulation crosstalk of graphene modulators integrated on silicon nitride is experimentally characterized for the first time on 1 Gb/s signals. We show that 25 GHz channel spacings are supported with <; 0.1 dB penalty for DWDM applications.
Protein crystal growth with a two-liquid system and stirring solution (2003)

We developed two novel methods for growing large, high-quality protein crystals. A two-liquid system enables the convenient extraction of protein crystals without causing mechanical damage due to growth at the interface between two liquids. Since this system does not require limitations on solution volume, it is also suitable for the seed technique, and for growing large crystals. Another new concept is the mild stirring of the solution using the Floating And Stirring Technique (FAST) and the Micro-stirring technique. When compared to conventional techniques, both techniques result in a reduced number of crystals, as well as the growth of large crystals.
Wideband distributed coherent aperture radar (2014)

The distributed coherent aperture radar (DCAR) consisting of several cooperating small aperture radars and a control center is proposed to replace the traditional large aperture radar, which is more easily to transport and less expensive to build. In this paper, the constitution and workflow of DCAR are described at first. In the following, the estimation methods of coherent parameters are introduced. And then, a robust full coherent technology based on step frequency signal is proposed to reduce the effect of time synchronization error. At last, the simulations are carried out to verify the proposed methods.
Electric versus magnetic transcranial stimulation of the trigeminal system in healthy subjects. Clinical applications in gnathology (1997)

This investigation is focused on the analysis of the masseter responses evoked by means of magnetic and electric stimulation of the cortex and root of the trigeminal system of 20 healthy subjects. Moreover, in order to determine jaw elevation in centric occlusion, the analysis also focused on the motor response of the trigeminal bilateral roots evoked simultaneously using two stimulators. The masseter responses show a high level of symmetry in both latency and amplitude. The difference between the hinge axis in natural centric occlusion (CO) and in centric relation (CR) as determined by electric and magnetic transcranial stimulation is lesser than 2.5 mm. This is due to two main factors: (i) the response is evoked from the trigeminal motor neural pool involving all the masticatory muscles and hence simulating the natural 'muscular coactivation'; (ii) there is no manual manipulation to guide the jaw into the centric relation (CR). This method could be of some help for diagnosis in patients suffering from TMJ dysfunction who have lost stereognostic control over the jaw and display obvious signs of deviation during closure of the mandible.
SAR derived sea ice thickness during ICEX'92 (2002)

Downward looking synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery and upward looking sonar draft data collected during the ICEX'92 experiment in the Lincoln Sea are used to develop an algorithm for converting SAR backscatter values directly to sea ice thickness via a transfer function. This algorithm uses statistical correlations of registered P-3 Aircraft SAR data and sonar draft scans to derive the backscatter/thickness relationship. First the data sets are registered using recorded position information. Next, a cross-correlation is performed to fine-tune the registration. The transfer function between the SAR backscatter and sonar draft is then derived using the cumulative distribution functions of the data sets. The benefit of this statistical approach is a reduction in the need for precise registration of the data sets. The derived relationship is applied to a full two-dimensional SAR image to generate a sea ice thickness map.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The single bore multiple anchor system (1997)

The introduction of the patented single bore multiple anchor system has allowed considerably more efficient use of soil strength, with or without soil strength enhancement, than previously achieved. In the SBMA design it acknowledges the existence of ground strength variability and increase in efficiency with reduction in unit fixed length. The system allows full use of overall fixed lengths of up to 30m, and can be designed to accommodate differing founding materials within a single anchor bore. The preliminary testing of multiple anchors has provided extensive information on ground to grout bond. The analysis of these data has allowed considerable advancement in the simple design approach to anchors, by the application of an efficiency factor which quantifies load reduction with increase in fixed length. Anchor working loads in the 1000kN to 2000kN range are now available in the majority of soil conditions. Multiple anchors can be utilised for permanent usage, complete with double plastic corrosion protection or, for temporary usage, supplemented by total removal of the multiple of strand tendons after use. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD 898458.
Observations on the composition of Prussian blue films and their electrochemistry (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTObservations on the composition of Prussian blue films and their electrochemistryC. A. Lundgren and Royce W. MurrayCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1988, 27, 5, 933–939Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00278a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00278a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1348Altmetric-Citations162LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts