gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-time 3D interaction with ActiveCube (2001)

ActiveCube is a novel device that allows a user to construct and interact with a 3D environment by using cubes with a bi-directional user interface. A computer recognizes the 3D structure of connected cubes in real time by utilizing the real-time communication network among cubes. Also, ActiveCube is equipped with both input and output devices, at where the user expects to be, and this makes the interface intuitive and helps to clarify the causal relationship between the input of the user's operational intention and the output of simulated results. Consistency is always maintained between the real object and its corresponding representation in the computer in terms of object shape and functionalities.
On-chip DNA preconcentration in different media conductivities by electrodeless dielectrophoresis (2015)

Electrodeless dielectrophoresis is the best choice to achieve preconcentration of nanoparticles and biomolecules due to its simple, robust, and easy implementation. We designed a simple chip with microchannels and nano-slits in between and then studied the trapping of DNA in high conductive medium and low conductive medium, corresponding to positive and negative dielectrophoresis (DEP), respectively. It is very important to investigate the trapping in media with different conductivities since one always has to deal with the sample solutions with different conductivities. The trapping process was analyzed by the fluorescent intensity changes. The results showed that DNA could be trapped at the nano-slit in both high and low conductive media in a lower electric field strength (10 V/cm) compared to the existing methods. This is a significant improvement to suppress the Joule heating effect in DEP related experiments. Our work may give insight to researchers for DNA trapping by a simple and low cost device in the Lab-on-a-Chip system.
UIMA GRID: Distributed Large-scale Text Analysis (2007)

This paper shows how loosely coupled compute resources, managed by Condor, can be leveraged together with IBM OmniFind to implement a scalable environment for text analysis based on the Unstructured Information Management Architecture (UIMA). Text analysis can be used to extract valuable knowledge from unstructured text data such as entities and their relationships. When applied to large amounts of data e.g., in the magnitude of several million documents, the process can be too time consuming to react to business needs. This becomes a particular problem when the rule sets, dictionaries, or taxonomies used by the text analysis components are changed to extract new information for a particular business purpose. Such changes may require that the entire set of documents must be reanalyzed. In the scenario motivating this work a constantly growing set of currently 10 million documents needs to frequently be re-processed to accommodate such changes. The text analysis algorithms deployed are very complex and compute intensive, requiring currently about 20 CPU-years for a full re-analysis. Through the distributed architecture discussed in this paper the re-analysis can be performed in one calendar month by opportunistically leveraging compute nodes from a heterogeneous Condor pool.
The influence of different metal-chelate conjugates of pentixafor on the CXCR4 affinity (2016)

Based on the pentapeptide [(68)Ga]pentixafor, a broad range of metal-labeled analogs were investigated. The affinities of the new compounds were found to be strongly dependent on both the chelator and the metal used. Bi-labeled pentixafor showed high receptor affinity and seems to be a promising ligand for further preclinical evaluation and future α-emitter-based endoradiotherapy.
Using Duration and Convexity in the Analysis of Callable Convertible Bonds (1992)

(1992). Using Duration and Convexity in the Analysis of Callable Convertible Bonds. Financial Analysts Journal: Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 74-77.
Electrical resistance tomography based on the single drive electrode method (2004)

Conventional electrical resistance tomography (ERT) systems usually employ the current excitation, voltage measure adjacent method as the data acquisition strategy. In this paper, based on the analysis of the adjacent method, a new data acquisition strategy, which is the current excitation, current measure single drive electrode method, is introduced. In order to simplify the circuits and to enhance the real time performance of system, the bi-directional pulse current is put forward as the drive current. A new measurement circuit for the new method was designed, and a new ERT system has been proposed on the basis of the character of the input and output signals. Preliminary experiments have been done with the new system and the results were presented to show the validity of the single drive electrode method and the feasibility of the new ERT system.
On the nature of the 5-lipoxygenase reaction in human leukocytes: characterization of a membrane-associated stimulatory factor. (1985)

When 10,000 X g supernatants of human leukocyte homogenates were subjected to centrifugation at 100,000 X g for 75 min, the activity of 5-lipoxygenase decreased by 30-60%, even though no enzyme was detectable in the resuspended 100,000 X g pellet. Recombination of the 100,000 X g supernatant and pellet resulted in a restoration of the lost enzymatic activity, indicating the presence of a 5-lipoxygenase stimulatory factor in the microsomal membrane preparation. Dialysis of human leukocyte supernatants resulted in an apparent decrease in 5-lipoxygenase activity, but only in samples that contained the membrane-associated stimulatory factor, suggesting that the factor required a small molecular weight component for optimal function. The 5-lipoxygenase stimulatory activity was highly unstable to washing of the 100,000 X g pellet or to incubation (16-20 hr) at 4 degrees C. In contrast, the activity was remarkably stable to heat (100 degrees C for 40 min). The responses of the 12- and 15-lipoxygenases in human leukocyte homogenates to the membrane-associated factor and to dialysis were notably different from that of the 5-lipoxygenase. These results demonstrate, therefore, that the 5-lipoxygenase is unique among the human lipoxygenases, not only in its requirement for Ca2+ and ATP but also in its regulation by a membrane-associated stimulatory factor. The mechanism of action of this regulatory factor is of obvious interest for the understanding of the control of leukotriene and lipoxin biosynthesis.
Characterization of a Single-Chain Variable Fragment Recognizing a Linear Epitope of Aβ: A Biotechnical Tool for Studies on Alzheimer’s Disease? (2013)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with devastating effects. Currently, therapeutic options are limited to symptomatic treatment. For more than a decade, research focused on immunotherapy for the causal treatment of AD. However, clinical trials with active immunization using Aβ encountered severe complications, for example meningoencephalitis. Consequently, attention focused on passive immunization using antibodies. As an alternative to large immunoglobulins (IgGs), Aβ binding single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) were used for diagnostic and therapeutic research approaches. scFvs can be expressed in E. coli and may provide improved pharmacokinetic properties like increased blood-brain barrier permeability or reduced side-effects in vivo. In this study, we constructed an scFv from an Aβ binding IgG, designated IC16, which binds the N-terminal region of Aβ (Aβ(1-8)). scFv-IC16 was expressed in E. coli, purified and characterized with respect to its interaction with different Aβ species and its influence on Aβ fibril formation. We were able to show that scFv-IC16 strongly influenced the aggregation behavior of Aβ and could be applied as an Aβ detection probe for plaque staining in the brains of transgenic AD model mice. The results indicate potential for therapy and diagnosis of AD.
Synchronization Of Multimodal Recordings For Musical Performance Research (2010)

The past decade has seen an increase of low-cost technology for sensor data acquisition, which has been utilized for the expanding field of research in gesture measurement for music performance. Unfortunately, these devices are still far from being compatible with the audiovisual recording platforms which have been used to record synchronized streams of data. In this paper, we describe a practical solution for simultaneous recording of heterogeneous multimodal signals. The recording system presented uses MIDI Time Code to time-stamp sensor data and to synchronize with standard video and audio recording systems. We also present a set of tools for recording sensor data, as well as a set of analysis tools to evaluate in realtime the sample rate of different signals, and the overall synchronization status of the recording system.
<title>Valuation of image extrema using alternating filters by reconstruction</title> (1995)

Image extrema are often used for locating the structures present in an image. Their extraction and their selection is a classic image segmentation preprocessing problem. One of the most powerful morphological tools for selecting significant extrema in a grayscale is to use their dynamics. However, a drawback of this technique is that minima and maxima (the dark and light structures they point out) are processed independently. We show in the paper that using the dynamics comes down to measuring the persistence of image minima (resp. maxima) when processing the image via a increasing (resp. decreasing) family of contrast filters. This principle can be generalized to any increasing family of morphological filters by reconstruction and leads to a general method for valuating image minima with respect to any criterion: size, shape, contrast. This proposition is still true for families of alternating filters whose main characteristic is to have a self dual behavior. In this paper we concentrate on this point. A symmetrical equivalent for the dynamics is defined and an efficient technique of computation is proposed. One of its key concept is a merging tree of extrema. The usefulness of this notion in image segmentation applications is also illustrated.
Pulse-Pressure–Enhancing Controller for Better Physiologic Perfusion of Rotary Blood Pumps Based on Speed Modulation (2014)

Sufficient pulsation is important for physiologic perfusion if adequate flow is to be guaranteed. A fuzzy control method for rotary blood pumps using active speed modulation is proposed in this article. It maintains the mean aortic pressure to provide sufficient perfusion while it simultaneously enhances the pulse pressure. The controller uses the indices extracted from the aortic pressure as feedback to determine the amplitude and offset of the rectangular speed modulation waveform, which is synchronous with the cardiac cycle. An additional algorithm is included to prevent regurgitation. The controller is tested both in a baroreflex-cardiovascular model and in a preliminary in vitro experiment. Simulation results demonstrate that the controller is able to increase the pulse pressure to approximately 20 mm Hg and at the same time maintains the mean pressure at 100 mm Hg, when heart failure occurs. It is also quite robust under various physiologic disturbances. Experimental results show that the speed modulation can be implemented in real pumps and that the controller is feasible in practice.
Sjögren's syndrome in MRL/l and MRL/n mice (1984)

Six autoimmune murine models (MRL/l, MRL/n, NZB, NZB/NZW, PN, C57BL/6J-lpr/lpr) were compared with normal control C57BL/6J and DBA/2 mice to determine if spontaneous autoimmune disease was associated with evidence of Sjögren's syndrome. Schirmer tests documented dry eyes in NZB/NZW and PN mice; other autoimmune strains and controls had normal tear formation. All autoimmune mice had conjunctivitis, but this abnormality was most severe in the PN strain. Ninety-eight percent of MRL/l and MRL/n mice had mononuclear cell infiltrates in lacrimal glands, and salivary glands were involved to a lesser degree. New Zealand mice and PN mice had smaller gland lesions. The extensive gland destruction in MRL/l and MRL/n mice suggested that these substrains merit further studies as animal models of Sjögren's syndrome.
The Neuron-specific K-Cl Cotransporter, KCC2 (1999)

The neuron-specific K-Cl cotransporter (KCC2) is hypothesized to function as an active Cl- extrusion pathway important in postsynaptic inhibition mediated by ligand-gated anion channels, like gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) and glycine receptors. To understand better the functional role of KCC2 in the nervous system, we developed polyclonal antibodies to a KCC2 fusion protein and used these antibodies to characterize and localize KCC2 in the rat cerebellum. The antibodies specifically recognized the KCC2 protein which is an approximately 140-kDa glycoprotein detectable only within the central nervous system. The KCC2 protein displayed a robust and punctate distribution in primary cultured retinal amacrine cells known to form exclusively GABAAergic synapses in culture. In immunolocalization studies, KCC2 was absent from axons and glia but was highly expressed at neuronal somata and dendrites, indicating a specific postsynaptic distribution of the protein. In the granule cell layer, KCC2 exhibited a distinct colocalization with the beta2/beta3-subunits of the GABAA receptor at the plasma membrane of granule cell somata and at cerebellar glomeruli. KCC2 lightly labeled the plasma membrane of Purkinje cell somata. Within the molecular layer, KCC2 exhibited a distinctly punctate distribution along dendrites, indicating it may be highly localized at inhibitory synapses along these processes. The distinct postsynaptic localization of KCC2 and its colocalization with GABAA receptor in the cerebellum are consistent with the putative role of KCC2 in neuronal Cl- extrusion and postsynaptic inhibition.
Gas and drop behavior in reacting and non-reacting air-blast atomizer sprays (1991)

A detailed study of the two-phase flow produced by a gas-turbine air-blast atomizer is performed with the goal of identifying the interaction between the two phases for both nonreacting and reacting conditions. A two-component phase Doppler interferometry is utilized to characterize three flowfields produced by the atomizer: (1) the single-phase flow, (2) the two-phase nonreacting spray, and (3) the two-phase reacting spray. Measurements of the mean and fluctuating axial and azimuthal velocities for each phase are obtained. In addition, the droplet size distribution, volume flux, and concentration are measured. The results reveal the strong influence of the dispersed phase on the gas, and the influence of reaction on both the gas and the droplet field. The presence of the spray significantly alters the inlet condition of the atomizer. With this alteration quantified, it is possible to deduce that the inertia associated with the dispersed phase damps the fluctuating velocities of the gas. Reaction reduces the volume flux of the droplets, broadens the local volume distribution of the droplets in the region of the reaction zone, increases the axial velocities and radial spread of the gas, and increases the anisotropy in the region of the reaction zone.
Progression into sepsis: an individualized process varying by the interaction of comorbidities with the underlying infection (2018)

The study described how different kinds of infection vary in the degree to which they lead to sepsis. The number of comorbidities that enhances the risk of sepsis and death varies depending on the underlying infections.
Syndecan-4 proteoliposomes enhance fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2)–induced proliferation, migration, and neovascularization of ischemic muscle (2012)

Ischemia of the myocardium and lower limbs is a common consequence of arterial disease and a major source of morbidity and mortality in modernized countries. Inducing neovascularization for the treatment of ischemia is an appealing therapeutic strategy for patients for whom traditional treatment modalities cannot be performed or are ineffective. In the past, the stimulation of blood vessel growth was pursued using direct delivery of growth factors, angiogenic gene therapy, or cellular therapy. Although therapeutic angiogenesis holds great promise for treating patients with ischemia, current methods have not found success in clinical trials. Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) was one of the first growth factors to be tested for use in therapeutic angiogenesis. Here, we present a method for improving the biological activity of FGF-2 by codelivering the growth factor with a liposomally embedded coreceptor, syndecan-4. This technique was shown to increase FGF-2 cellular signaling, uptake, and nuclear localization in comparison with FGF-2 alone. Delivery of syndecan-4 proteoliposomes also increased endothelial proliferation, migration, and angiogenic tube formation in response to FGF-2. Using an animal model of limb ischemia, syndecan-4 proteoliposomes markedly improved the neovascularization following femoral artery ligation and recovery of perfusion of the ischemic limb. Taken together, these results support liposomal delivery of syndecan-4 as an effective means to improving the potential of using growth factors to achieve therapeutic neovascularization of ischemic tissue.
Correlation between psychosocial issues and noncompliance in spinal Orthosis in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (2011)

ABSTRACT Objectives: The aim of this study was to find a correlation between psychosocial issues and noncompliance in spinal orthosis, in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Material and Methods: This study was conducted at PIPOS, Pakistan Institute of Prosthetic and Orthotic Sciences, Peshawar-Pakistan from October, 2008 to Feb: 2009. The brace questionnaire (BrQ) was used to collect the quantitative data. All the questions were answered according to the likert scale in the following five responses, “Always”, “Most of the times”, “Some times”, “Almost Never” and “Never”. Descriptive statistical analyses were done and a correlation coefficient test was applied to get the results. Results: The total numbers of participants were 11 (04 boys and 07 girls) with mean age of 11 + 3.59 years (range 5 to 17). The average negative psychosocial was 52.4% + 10.5%. A strong correlation of 0.8462 was found between noncompliance and the psychosocial issues in clients with spinal orthosis. Conclusion: The difference in results of this study to previously published material may be due to the different demographics and culture in which the study was performed. Psychosocial counseling of adolescents with AIS along with orthotic treatment may improve compliance and therefore, the outcome. Key words: Spinal Orthosis (SO), Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), noncompliance, psychosocial issues
An integrative display for patient monitoring (2002)

Research being conducted to identify beneficial strategies for integrating displays and signals used in anesthesia monitoring is reported. It is motivated by the fact that the anesthesiologist's equipment is typically procured over time from a variety of vendors, so that the anesthesiologist's task is made more difficult by a diversity of instrument behaviors and display formats. An experiment that compared intervention decisions made viewing parameters presented in a separated strip chart format and in the form of an integrated geometric object is described. The study investigated the detection of idealized physiological events, each presenting its classic symptoms. Anesthesiologists using unfamiliar displays rapidly recognized these emergencies under either display format, usually within 30 s. However, the object display reduced response latencies and led to intervention at less extreme parameter values without appreciable increase in false alarm rates.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<title>Correction of amplifier nonlinearity, offset, gain, temporal artifacts, and defects for flat-panel digital imaging devices</title> (2002)

Flat X-ray detectors require a systematic calibration and correction of image artifacts. Based on an analysis of the physics of the image generation chain, this work presents a unified framework for the correction of these artifacts. Algorithms for the correction steps are presented, including a new method for the calibration and correction of the intertwined offset, gain, and non-linearity as well as an improved method for the interpolation of defects, where the interpolation direction is chosen based on a novel method. Experiments using a hand phantom without and with a wire, imaged on a flat detector, demonstrate that line artifacts in Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) applications due to differences in non-linearity between adjacent amplifiers are significantly reduced by applying the non-linearity, offset, and gain correction in the correct order, as proposed in this work. For the defect interpolation investigations, we used medical images of angiographic image subtraction sequences, containing small vessels. Artificial clusters of pixel defects were added to these images and subsequently corrected. The experimental verification clearly demonstrates the robustness and superior performance of the new interpolation scheme, especially for clusters of defects.
Photosynthesis and fluorescence responses of C<sub>4</sub> plant Andropogon gerardii acclimated to temperature and carbon dioxide (2008)

Increase in both atmospheric CO2 concentration [CO2] and associated warming are likely to alter Earths' carbon balance and photosynthetic carbon fixation of dominant plant species in a given biome. An experiment was conducted in sunlit, controlled environment chambers to determine effects of atmospheric [CO2] and temperature on net photosynthetic rate (P N) and fluorescence (F) in response to internal CO2 concentration (C i) and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) of the C4 species, big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman). Ten treatments were comprised of two [CO2] of 360 (ambient, AC) and 720 (elevated, EC) µmol mol-1 and five day/night temperature of 20/12, 25/17, 30/22, 35/27 and 40/32 Â°C. Treatments were imposed from 15 d after sowing (DAS) through 130 DAS. Both F-P N/C i and F-P N/PAR response curves were measured on top most fully expanded leaves between 55 and 75 DAS. Plants grown in EC exhibited significantly higher CO2-saturated net photosynthesis (P sat), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) efficiency, and electron transport rate (ETR). At a given [CO2], increase in temperature increased P sat, PEPC efficiency, and ETR. Plants grown at EC did not differ for dark respiration rate (R D), but had significantly higher maximum photosynthesis (P max) than plants grown in AC. Increase in temperature increased Pmax, R D, and ETR, irrespective of the [CO2]. The ability of PEPC, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, and photosystem components, derived from response curves to tolerate higher temperatures (>35 Â°C), particularly under EC, indicates the ability of C4 species to sustain photosynthetic capacity in future climates.