gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification and partial characterization of a nucleolar antigen with a molecular weight of 145,000 found in a broad range of human cancers. (1986)

Previous studies in our laboratory have indicated the presence of nucleolar antigens in tumors which were not detected in normal tissues. Some of the polyclonal antisera produced in these studies were shown to identify a Mr, 145,000 nucleolar antigen on immunoblots of tumor nucleoli but not in normal human liver nucleoli. A monoclonal antibody to a Mr 145,000 nucleolar protein (p145) was produced by immunization of mice with a nucleolar extract of HeLa cells which is enriched with this antigen. The monoclonal antibody showed bright nucleolar immunofluorescence localization in a broad range of human tumors including cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary tract, lung, liver, muscle, cartilage, and blood. The p145 nucleolar antigen was not detected in most normal human tissues or in benign tumors, with only weak nucleolar staining observed in spermatogonia of the testes and in ductal regions of some hypertrophied prostates. Nucleolar antigen p145 was extracted from HeLa cell nucleoli by homogenization in a 0.01 M Tris buffer containing 0.2% deoxycholate. On sucrose density gradient centrifugation, the antigen remained sedimented with the nucleolar ribonucleoprotein fraction. Nucleolar antigen p145 was released from ribonucleoproteins following treatment with 4 M guanidinium hydrochloride or RNase. Peptide mapping of nucleolar antigen p145 showed that it was distinct from other known nucleolar antigens. Although it remains to be determined if the p145 antigen plays a role in cell transformation, maintenance of the malignant phenotype, or in cell division, it may have value as a tumor marker or as a therapeutic target.
Potassium kinetics during hemodialysis (2014)

Hyperkalemia in hemodialysis patients is associated with high mortality, but prescription of low dialysate potassium concentrations to decrease serum potassium levels is associated with a high incidence of sudden cardiac arrest or sudden death. Improved clinical outcomes for these patients may be possible if rapid and substantial intradialysis decreases in serum potassium concentration can be avoided while maintaining adequate potassium removal. Data from kinetic modeling sessions during the HEMO Study of the dependence of serum potassium concentration on time during hemodialysis treatments and 30 minutes postdialysis were evaluated using a pseudo one-compartment model. Kinetic estimates of potassium mobilization clearance (K(M)) and predialysis central distribution volume (V(pre)) were determined in 551 hemodialysis patients. The studied patients were 58.8 ± 14.4 years of age with predialysis body weight of 72.1 ± 15.1 kg; 306 (55.4%) of the patients were female and 337 (61.2%) were black. K(M) and V(pre) for all patients were non-normally distributed with values of 158 (111, 235) (median [interquartile range]) mL/min and 15.6 (11.4, 22.8) L, respectively. K(M) was independent of dialysate potassium concentration (P > 0.2), but V(pre) was lower at higher dialysate potassium concentration (R = -0.188, P < 0.001). For patients with dialysate potassium concentration between 1.6 and 2.5 mEq/L (N = 437), multiple linear regression of K(M) and V(pre) demonstrated positive association with predialysis body weight and negative association with predialysis serum potassium concentration. Potassium kinetics during hemodialysis can be described using a pseudo one-compartment model.
Oncolytic Virotherapy Synergism with Signaling Inhibitors: Rapamycin Increases Myxoma Virus Tropism for Human Tumor Cells (2006)

Myxoma virus is a rabbit-specific poxvirus pathogen that also exhibits a unique tropism for human tumor cells and is dramatically oncolytic for human cancer xenografts. Most tumor cell lines tested are permissive for myxoma infection in a fashion intimately tied to the activation state of Akt kinase. A host range factor of myxoma virus, M-T5, directly interacts with Akt and mediates myxoma virus tumor cell tropism. mTOR is a regulator of cell growth and metabolism downstream of Akt and is specifically inhibited by rapamycin. We report that treatment of nonpermissive human tumor cell lines, which normally restrict myxoma virus replication, with rapamycin dramatically increased virus tropism and spread in vitro. This increased myxoma replication is concomitant with global effects on mTOR signaling, specifically, an increase in Akt kinase. In contrast to the effects on human cancer cells, rapamycin does not increase myxoma virus replication in rabbit cell lines or permissive human tumor cell lines with constitutively active Akt. This indicates that rapamycin increases the oncolytic capacity of myxoma virus for human cancer cells by reconfiguring the internal cell signaling environment to one that is optimal for productive virus replication and suggests the possibility of a potentially therapeutic synergism between kinase signaling inhibitors and oncolytic poxviruses for cancer treatment.
Extension of operation range of semiconductor optical add and drop multiplexer (2000)

The contra-directional coupling between waveguides with a large difference of effective refractive index, /spl Delta/n/sub eff/ was investigated in order to extend operation range of an optical add and drop multiplexer, which consists of vertically stacked semiconductor waveguides. Numerical calculations and experiments were performed, and the operating range of the device was successfully extended to more than 40 nm by using a dissimilar waveguides with a /spl Delta/n/sub eff/ of 3%.
Micro-moirés combining metallic patterns and micro-lenses (2017)

Moiré effects appear when two sets of periodic structures are superimposed. By combining advanced micro-fabrication technologies and the moiré theory, we are able to obtain visually appealing moirés. Specific metallic patterns are created on one side of a substrate by lithography and etching of an aluminium film. On the other side of the substrate, an array of micro-lenses is fabricated in order to sample these metallic patterns. These new moirés can be recognized by the bare eye. They display text or symbols that move when observed under different viewing angles.
Benzoylphenylurea Sulfur Analogues with Potent Antitumor Activity (2006)

A novel series of BPU analogues were synthesized and evaluated for antitumor activity. In particular, BPU sulfur analogues 6n and 7d were shown to possess up to 10-fold increased potency, when compared to 1 (NSC-639829), against cancer cell lines. 6n was more effective than 1 in causing apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. When compared to other drugs with a similar mechanism of action, 6n retained significant ability to inhibit tubulin assembly, with an IC(50) of 2.1 microM.
ULTRASONIC BASED HEADING ESTIMATION FOR AIDING LAND VEHICLE NAVIGATION IN GNSS DENIED ENVIRONMENT (2018)

Abstract. This paper introduces a novel approach for land vehicles navigation in GNSS denied environment by aiding the Inertial Navigation System (INS) with a very low-cost ultrasonic sensor using Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) to bound its drift during GNSS blockage through a heading change update to enhance the navigation estimation.The ultrasonic sensor is mounted on the body of the car facing the direction of the car motion and behind the front right wheel, a wooden surface is mounted on the car body on the other side of this wheel with a constant distance between the sensor and this surface. The ultrasonic sensor measures this range as long as the car moving straight. When orientation changes, the ultrasonic sensor senses the range to the front right wheel. The relation between the range and the estimated GNSS/INS change of heading during GNSS availability is estimated through a linear regression model. During GNSS signal outage, the ultrasonic sensor provides heading change update to the INS standalone navigation solution.Experimental road tests were performed, and the results show that the navigation states estimation using the proposed aiding is improved compared with INS standalone navigation solution during GNSS signal outage. For multiple GNSS outages of 60 seconds, the inclusion of the proposed update reduced the position RMSE to around 80 % of its value when using the non-holonomic constraints and velocity update only.
Fasting Plasma Glucose and Glycosylated Plasma Protein at 24 to 28 Weeks of Gestation Predict Macrosomia in the General Obstetric Population (1995)

The purpose of this study was to modify the traditional gestational diabetes screening process in order to provide a test that might more reliably detect those women at risk of delivering a macrosomic infant despite a negative test for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Pregnant women (n = 160) were screened for GDM at 24 to 28 weeks' gestation using the traditional 50 g glucose challenge test (GCT). In addition, glycosylated hemoglobin, glycosylated serum protein, and glycosylated plasma protein (GPP) were analyzed from blood drawn at this same time. If the patient's challenge test was positive (140 mg/dL or higher), a 100 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed. Twenty-three women had a positive GCT (14.4%) and five (3.13%) were excluded from further study because they received treatment for gestational diabetes based on a positive OGTT. None of the GCT-negative or the GCT-positive-OGTT-negative patients received treatment. Gestational age at delivery, infant gender, and birthweight were retrieved from birth records. Although several correlations with infant birthweight were found, the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and GPPs proved most significant. The FPG on the OGTT significantly correlated with infant birthweight (p < 0.001; r = 0.94). A value greater than 90 mg/dL proved to be 100% sensitive and 64% specific for infant birthweight more than 4000 g. The relationship of the GPP and subsequent infant birthweight was also significant (p < 0.001; r = 0.81). A GPP greater than 23% proved to be 100% sensitive in predicting birthweight above 4000 g (11 of 11 infants); however, the test had a 52% specificity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Behavioral modeling and predistortion (2009)

In this article, a thorough overview of behavioral modeling and predistortion of dynamic nonlinearities in RF PAs and transmitters was presented. The sensitivity of the DUT behavior to the characteristics of the stimulus was reviewed to ensure appropriate conditions for accurate observation. Nearly all state-of-the-art behavioral models were described and their relative performance and complexity discussed. Similarities and specifics of behavioral modeling and digital predistortion were presented. Thereby, digital predistortion can be seen as a behavioral modeling problem for which performance assessment is much more straightforward. For DUT behavioral modeling, there is no comprehensive metric that allows the model performance evaluation while taking into account the model accuracy in predicting all the three components of the DUT behavior (in-band distortion, static nonlinearity and memory effects). Finally, a software digital predistortion solution that enables closed-loop wideband linearization was briefly presented with excellent linearization capabilities when amplifying a 12-carrier 60-MHZ wide WCDMA signal.
An integrating dosimeter for pulsed radiation (1983)

Abstract : A Pulsed Radiation Dosimetry System designed to measure radiation produced by particle accelerators is described. The problems associated with total-dose measurement of irregular shaped pulses of ionizing radiation have been simplified. The system responds to extremely narrow pulses of charged particles or X-rays using a pin diode as the detector. Direct readout of dose in rads (Si) is displayed on a 3-1/2 digit digital panel meter. The system will operate in either the multiple-pulse or single-pulse mode. The multiple-pulse mode would be useful in monitoring or tuning a linear accelerator. In the single-pulse mode the system will automatically display total dose of a transient event in real time and hold that measurement indefinitely or until the next measurement is made. The system features an automatic reset in either mode. (Author)
Recent advances in ultra-wideband Raman amplifiers (2002)

This talk will review fundamentals of ultra-wideband Raman amplifiers, recent progress of high power pump lasers, and system applications of Raman amplifiers. Pump wavelength determines the gain spectrum of a Raman amplifier. This implies that the gain created by a multi wavelength pumping can have a wideband gain profile, which is approximately described by a linear superposition of each gain by individual pumping, Therefore, in order to realize wideband Raman amplifiers, pump lasers with optimally different wavelengths have to be multiplexed efficiently.
Design and Synthesis of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics to Selectively Target 16S Ribosomal RNA Position 1408 (2005)

Abstract The glucopyranosyl moiety (ring I) of paromomycin was modified in a search for novel aminoglycoside antibiotics. The key intermediates were the 4′,6′‐ O ‐benzylidenated N ‐Boc derivative 3 and the azido analogue 18 . The bromobenzoates 4 and 19 were prepared by treating the benzylidene acetals 3 and 18 , respectively, with N ‐bromosuccinimide (NBS), and the diol 8 was obtained by hydrogenolysis of 3. The C(6′) ‐deoxy derivative 5 was obtained from 4 by treatment with Bu 3 SnH. Selective fluorodehydroxylation of 8 gave the fluoro derivative 9. The pseudotrisaccharide 13 was obtained by reductive fragmentaion of the iodo compound 12 obtained from the bromobenzoate 4 . The 3′,6′‐anhydro derivative 20 was obtained upon deacetylation of 19. Standard deprotection gave the C(6′) ‐deoxy compound 7 , the fluoro compound 11 , the pseudotrisaccharide 15 , and the 3′,6′‐anhydro‐paromomycin 22 . As compared to paromomycin, the C(6′) ‐deoxy and fluorodeoxy derivatives 7 and 11 showed a lower activity against both wild type 1408A and 1408G mutant ribosomes. A lower activity was also found for the 3′,6′‐anhydro derivative 22 and for the pseudotrisaccharide 15 .
AlGaN/GaN polarization-doped field-effect transistor for microwave power applications (2004)

We discuss an AlGaN/GaN metal–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MESFET) structure grown without any impurity doping in the channel. A high-mobility polarization-induced bulk channel charge was created by grading the channel region linearly from GaN to Al0.3Ga0.7N over 1000 Å. This polarization-doped FET (PolFET) was fabricated and tested under dc and rf conditions. Current density of 850 mA/mm and transconductance of 93 mS/mm was observed under dc conditions. The 0.7 μm gate length devices had a cutoff frequency, fτ=19 GHz, and maximum oscillation frequency, fmax=46 GHz. We demonstrate that the PolFETs perform better than comparable MESFETs with impurity-doped channels, and are suitable for high power microwave applications. An important advantage of these devices over AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors is that the transconductance versus gate voltage profile can be tailored by compositional grading for better large-signal linearity.
Physical and chemical characterization of a Giardia lamblia-specific antigen useful in the coprodiagnosis of giardiasis (1986)

We recently reported the isolation and identification of a Giardia lamblia-specific antigen (GSA 65) that is shed in the stool of giardiasis patients. In the present study, this antigen was affinity purified from sonic extracts of axenically cultured G. lamblia trophozoites and characterized to better understand its biological function and its potential usefulness in the design of coprodiagnostic assays for giardiasis. GSA 65 was resistant to proteolytic digestion with trypsin, chymotrypsin, and protease but was sensitive to treatment with NaIO4 as assessed by Western blotting. This antigen was also stable during prolonged storage at 4 and -20 degrees C in 10% Formalin or distilled H2O as assessed by counterimmunoelectrophoresis. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing gel banding patterns, in conjunction with protein and carbohydrate assays and lectin binding studies, confirmed that this antigen is a highly glycosylated glycoprotein. The resistance of GSA 65 to proteolytic degradation, together with previous immunofluorescence data that indicate the antigen is an integral part of the G. lamblia cyst wall, suggests that this molecule may play a role in maintaining the integrity of the cyst in vivo. The ability of GSA 65 to maintain its antigenic structure under a wide variety of conditions makes it an ideal antigen around which to design sensitive immunodiagnostic assays for giardiasis.
Voltage-controlled intracavity THz generator for self-starting Ti:sapphire lasers (2003)

A new scheme for the intracavity generation of terahertz radiation in femtosecond mode-locked Ti:sapphire lasers is presented. The scheme combines advantages of a fast saturable semiconductor Bragg mirror with that of a photoconductive THz emitter. It significantly increases the efficiency of the intracavity THz generation. In addition, the output THz radiation can be electrically modulated at frequencies up to 100 kHz.
Study on Soldering Method of Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors for Vibration Reduction (2014)

Owing to the excellent electrical characteristics, multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) are widely used in a variety of electronic devices nowadays. The accompanying acoustic noise of MLCC related to its vibration is one of the most important factors when selecting MLCCs for specific applications. To evaluate the noise more efficiently, this study investigates a method to build simplified finite element models of MLCC. In addition, vibration analysis has been performed with the simplified model to discuss how structural parameters influence the vibration of MLCC. According to the findings in the study, suggestions and optimized solder design are given to lower the vibration of MLCC. In short, the main aim of this study is to present a new soldering method for MLCC vibration and noise reduction.
Non-invasive monitoring of blood glucose (2003)

Non-invasive methods for blood component analysis are attractive by their evident advantages such as real time monitoring, immunity to infection, possibility to control the concentrations of blood components, and providing painless measurement as often as necessary. A simple algorithm that uses the logarithmic ratio of two signals was successfully applied in the case of noninvasive bilirubin measurement. In contrast with bilirubin, glucose absorption takes place in the near infrared range where absorption by other components such as water, proteins, hemoglobin is significant. Therefore, a proper algorithm should use signal wavelengths, which are relatively free from the overlapping with the absorption bands of other major components. At the same time, the influence of other blood components whose concentrations may induce optically interfering signals should be minimized. The authors present here a simple, but efficient algorithm, which can be described on the base of analysis of the light propagation in blood. The algorithm may use any number of discrete wavelengths. A pulsed polychromatic light source is used. The light source emits a light pulse with a time duration of 500 /spl mu/s in wide bandwidth which includes light in the near infrared spectrum (energy of the pulse in near infrared range is 900 mW). Light source and detector unit was carefully designed so that reflected light from the skin surface was not measured. Prisms, fiber bundles, dispersing elements, etc. were used for propagating, directing and collecting oflight. The distance between the beam and detector, which could be adjusted between 2 and 10 mm, was set to be sufficient to avoid surface reflection and to minimize the effects of tissue scattering. Four interference filters as spectral selective elements around wavelengths 1625 nm, 1364 nm, 1300 nm and 1200 nm were used. Two different light sources, flash lamp and LED array were tried for the experiment.
Throughput-fairness tradeoff evaluation for next-generation WLANs with adaptive clear channel assessment (2016)

In order to meet the exponential increase in wireless demand, new technologies are being considered for next-generation Wi-Fi systems (e.g., IEEE 802.11ax). Among these technologies is the adaptation of clear channel assessment (CCA) thresholds for high-efficiency (HE) stations (STAs) according to the beacon's received signal strength indicator (RSSI). The motivation behind this approach is to enhance the network throughput by improving the spatial reuse (i.e., allowing simultaneous transmissions from nearby STAs). There exists an inherent tradeoff between increasing the network throughput, via adapting the CCA thresholds for HE STAs, and maintaining fairness between legacy and HE STAs. In this paper, we provide a theoretical framework to evaluate the aforementioned tradeoff. We also propose a centralized fairness mechanism (CFM), in which STAs switch between an adaptive phase (CCA adaptation is allowed) and a fixed phase (legacy and HE STAs use the same CCA threshold). We formulate an optimization problem with the objective of determining the optimal switching strategy that maximizes the network throughput while maintaining a lower bound on per-STA throughput. Finally, we validate the proposed mechanism using simulations.
Electronic neural networks (1986)

We have constructed electronic neural networks with 22×22 arrays of microfabricated resistive synapses. The purpose of this work is both to develop a VLSI‐compatible process for making large networks, and to extend our understanding of electronic neural network dynamics.
A Small Molecule Agonist of EphA2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibits Tumor Cell Migration In Vitro and Prostate Cancer Metastasis In Vivo (2012)

During tumor progression, EphA2 receptor can gain ligand-independent pro-oncogenic functions due to Akt activation and reduced ephrin-A ligand engagement. The effects can be reversed by ligand stimulation, which triggers the intrinsic tumor suppressive signaling pathways of EphA2 including inhibition of PI3/Akt and Ras/ERK pathways. These observations argue for development of small molecule agonists for EphA2 as potential tumor intervention agents. Through virtual screening and cell-based assays, we report here the identification and characterization of doxazosin as a novel small molecule agonist for EphA2 and EphA4, but not for other Eph receptors tested. NMR studies revealed extensive contacts of doxazosin with EphA2/A4, recapitulating both hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions recently found in the EphA2/ephrin-A1 complex. Clinically used as an α1-adrenoreceptor antagonist (Cardura®) for treating hypertension and benign prostate hyperplasia, doxazosin activated EphA2 independent of α1-adrenoreceptor. Similar to ephrin-A1, doxazosin inhibited Akt and ERK kinase activities in an EphA2-dependent manner. Treatment with doxazosin triggered EphA2 receptor internalization, and suppressed haptotactic and chemotactic migration of prostate cancer, breast cancer, and glioma cells. Moreover, in an orthotopic xenograft model, doxazosin reduced distal metastasis of human prostate cancer cells and prolonged survival in recipient mice. To our knowledge, doxazosin is the first small molecule agonist of a receptor tyrosine kinase that is capable of inhibiting malignant behaviors in vitro and in vivo.