gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Angiotensin II antagonists for hypertension: are there differences in efficacy? (2000)

We compared the antihypertensive efficacy of available drugs in the new angiotensin-II-antagonist (AIIA) class. The antihypertensive efficacy of losartan, valsartan, irbesartan, and candesartan was evaluated from randomized controlled trials (RCT) by performing a metaanalysis of 43 published RCT. These trials involved AIIA compared with placebo, other antihypertensive classes, and direct comparisons between AIIA. A weighted-average for diastolic and systolic blood pressure reduction with AIIA monotherapy, dose titration, and with addition of low-dose hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) were calculated. Weighted-average responder rates were also determined. The metaanalysis assessed a total of 11,281 patients. The absolute weighted-average reductions in diastolic (8.2 to 8.9 mm Hg) and systolic (10.4 to 11.8 mm Hg) blood pressure reductions (not placebo-corrected) for AIIA monotherapy were comparable for all AIIA. Responder rates for AIIA monotherapy were 48% to 55%. Dose titration resulted in slightly greater blood pressure reduction and an increase in responder rates to 53% to 63%. AIIA/hydrochlorothiazide combinations produced substantially greater reduction in systolic (16.1 to 20.6 mm Hg) and diastolic (9.9 to 13.6 mm Hg) blood pressure reductions than AIIA monotherapy and responder rates for AIIA/HCTZ combinations were 56% to 70%. This comprehensive analysis shows comparable antihypertensive efficacy within the AIIA class, a near-flat AIIA-dose response when titrating from starting to maximum recommended dose, and substantial potentiation of the antihypertensive effect with addition of HCTZ.
High performance dielectrics and processes for ULSI interconnection technologies (2002)

One method of improving the performance of silicon integrated circuits is to reduce the delay of the interconnections between individual devices by reducing the resistance and capacitance of the connection. Even though it is possible to replace the commonly used aluminium conductors in current interconnection technologies with copper, no company has done so in production, due to a series of unanswered questions pertaining to the cost and leverage of doing so. This paper will attempt to elucidate the performance and cost benefits of this approach and will try to identify and resolve some of the important integration issues related to the inclusion of polymers and copper conductors into ULSI interconnections.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The BRD4 inhibitor JQ1 suppresses tumor growth by reducing c-Myc expression in endometrial cancer (2022)

Our results demonstrate that BRD4 is a potential marker of EC and that the BRD4 inhibitor JQ1 is a promising chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of EC.
Neoplasms in domestic animals: a review of experimental and spontaneous carcinogenesis. (1981)

Clues to environmental and host factors in human oncogenesis are derived from clinical or epidemiologic studies; additional evidence is provided by animal experimentation. Induced tumors in animals are useful because of their reproducibility and predictability, allowing detailed study of specific carcinogens or carcinogenic influences. Spontaneously or naturally occurring tumors in domestic animals are of particular interest for comparative studies - these tumors occur in heterogenous outbred populations of animal closely sharing man's environment; their cause is generally unknown; many tumors occur in numbers suitable for detailed investigations; and tumors generally occur in aged animals, thus facilitating study of chronic processes associated with carcinogenesis in nature.
X-ray powder diffraction data for trelagliptin succinate, C <sub>18</sub> H <sub>20</sub> FN <sub>5</sub> O <sub>2</sub> •C <sub>4</sub> H <sub>6</sub> O <sub>4</sub> (2016)

Experimental X-ray powder diffraction data, unit-cell parameters, and space group for trelagliptin succinate, C 18 H 20 FN 5 O 2 •C 4 H 6 O 4 , are reported [ a = 18.481(6), b = 8.120(4), c = 7.903(4) Å, α = 89.972(0)°, β = 97.722(4)°, γ = 90.120(0)°, unit-cell volume V = 1175.37 Å 3 , Z = 2, and space-group P 1]. All measured lines were indexed and are consistent with the P 1 space group. No detectable impurity was observed.
GRAM: Graph-based Attention Model for Healthcare Representation Learning (2016)

Deep learning methods exhibit promising performance for predictive modeling in healthcare, but two important challenges remain: -Data insufficiency:Often in healthcare predictive modeling, the sample size is insufficient for deep learning methods to achieve satisfactory results. -Interpretation:The representations learned by deep learning methods should align with medical knowledge. To address these challenges, we propose a GRaph-based Attention Model, GRAM that supplements electronic health records (EHR) with hierarchical information inherent to medical ontologies. Based on the data volume and the ontology structure, GRAM represents a medical concept as a combination of its ancestors in the ontology via an attention mechanism. We compared predictive performance (i.e. accuracy, data needs, interpretability) of GRAM to various methods including the recurrent neural network (RNN) in two sequential diagnoses prediction tasks and one heart failure prediction task. Compared to the basic RNN, GRAM achieved 10% higher accuracy for predicting diseases rarely observed in the training data and 3% improved area under the ROC curve for predicting heart failure using an order of magnitude less training data. Additionally, unlike other methods, the medical concept representations learned by GRAM are well aligned with the medical ontology. Finally, GRAM exhibits intuitive attention behaviors by adaptively generalizing to higher level concepts when facing data insufficiency at the lower level concepts.
Charge noise, spin-orbit coupling, and dephasing of single-spin qubits (2014)

Quantum dot quantum computing architectures rely on systems in which inversion symmetry is broken, and spin-orbit coupling is present, causing even single-spin qubits to be susceptible to charge noise. We derive an effective Hamiltonian for the combined action of noise and spin-orbit coupling on a single-spin qubit, identify the mechanisms behind dephasing, and estimate the free induction decay dephasing times T2* for common materials such as Si and GaAs. Dephasing is driven by noise matrix elements that cause relative fluctuations between orbital levels, which are dominated by screened whole charge defects and unscreened dipole defects in the substrate. Dephasing times T2* differ markedly between materials and can be enhanced by increasing gate fields, choosing materials with weak spin-orbit, making dots narrower, or using accumulation dots.
ELECTROPHILIC SUBSTITUTIONS OF OLEFINIC HYDROGENS II. ACYLATION OF VINYL ETHERS AND <i>N</i>-VINYL AMIDES (1976)

Abstract Reactions of vinyl ethers, N-vinyl carboxamides and N-vinyl sulfonamides with trifluoroacetic (or trichloroacetic) anhydride occurred quite easily at room temperature to give corresponding β-trifluoro- or trichloroacetylated compounds in high yields. Reactions with a mixed anhydride, CH3COOCOCF3, gave trifluoroacetylated compounds in high yields, acetyl compounds being not produced.
연구논문(硏究論文) : 국내 외식산업의 푸드 생산,서비스 시스템에 관한 탐색적 연구 (2008)

This research aimed to provide future researches with basic materials for selecting models of food production and service systems in compliance with business types and conditions of Korean restaurants, after the types of food production and service systems for the domestic foodservice industry were analyzed from the viewpoint of the production of menus based on previous theories. The results are summarized as follow. Production and service systems of sample menu(steak) in Company U was Commissary System and Conventional system while production and service system of sample menu(steak) in Company V was Conventional system. Company W corresponded to Commissary system, Assembly/serve if sample menu is `broth`. Company X corresponded to Commissary system, Assembly/serve if sample menu is `pastry` while Company Y corresponded to Commissary System, Assembly/serve if sample menu is `Bosam Kimchi`. Company Z corresponded to Commissary System, Assembly/serve if sample menu is `frozen dough`. This study concentrated on an limited number of cases in the food service industry. Future research should test on a larger scale and also examine the quantitative assessment related to food production and service system.
Catalytic Asymmetric Oxidation of Sulfides With High Enantioselectivities (1996)

A new catalytic asymmetric oxidation of various sulfides by cumyl hydroperoxide using a chiral titanium complex as catalyst is reported. Sulfoxides are obtained with enantioselectivities up to 95%.
Exergy analysis of a cogeneration plant using coal gasification and solid oxide fuel cell (2006)

This paper presents exergy analysis of a conceptualized combined cogeneration plant that employs pressurized oxygen blown coal gasifier and high-temperature, high-pressure solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) in the topping cycle and a bottoming steam cogeneration cycle. Useful heat is supplied by the pass-out steam from the steam turbine and also by the steam raised separately in an evaporator placed in the heat recovery steam generator (HRSG). Exergy analysis shows that major part of plant exergy destruction takes place in gasifier and SOFC while considerable losses are also attributed to gas cooler, combustion chamber and HRSG. Exergy losses are found to decrease with increasing pressure ratio across the gas turbine for all of these components except the gas cooler. The fuel cell operating temperature influences the performance of the equipment placed downstream of SOFC. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of software development life cycles: a multiproject experiment (2006)

A variety of life cycle models for software development are generally available. Many of the variations were composed to overcome problems in the classic waterfall model. However, it is generally difficult to compare and contrast the methods and very little literature is available to guide developers and managers in making choices. Moreover, in order to make informed decisions, developers require access to real data that compares the different models and the results associated with the adoption of each model. An experiment in which 15 software teams developed comparable software products, using four different development approaches (V-model, incremental model, evolutionary model, and extreme programming), is described. Extensive measurements were taken to assess the time, quality, size, and development efficiency of each product. The experimental data collected and the conclusions related to the choice of method, its impact on the project and the quality of the results, are presented.
Frequency synchronization strategy for a PC-based DRM receiver (2002)

In this paper we propose a synchronization strategy for a PC-based DRM receiver. Given the parameters of the DRM system and the properties of off-the-shelf PC hardware, the requirements for the frequency synchronization are analyzed. Following these requirements an acquisition algorithm using the FFT and a tracking algorithm based on the incremental phase shift between two OFDM symbols is proposed. Both algorithms utilize the continuous frequency correction pilot tones in the DRM signal. Simulation results on different fading channels show that the synchronization scheme suits our needs.
FSP27 contributes to efficient energy storage in murine white adipocytes by promoting the formation of unilocular lipid droplets (2008)

White adipocytes are unique in that they contain large unilocular lipid droplets that occupy most of the cytoplasm. To identify genes involved in the maintenance of mature adipocytes, we expressed dominant-negative PPARgamma in 3T3-L1 cells and performed a microarray screen. The fat-specific protein of 27 kDa (FSP27) was strongly downregulated in this context. FSP27 expression correlated with induction of differentiation in cultured preadipocytes, and the protein localized to lipid droplets in murine white adipocytes in vivo. Ablation of FSP27 in mice resulted in the formation of multilocular lipid droplets in these cells. Furthermore, FSP27-deficient mice were protected from diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance and displayed an increased metabolic rate due to increased mitochondrial biogenesis in white adipose tissue (WAT). Depletion of FSP27 by siRNA in murine cultured white adipocytes resulted in the formation of numerous small lipid droplets, increased lipolysis, and decreased triacylglycerol storage, while expression of FSP27 in COS cells promoted the formation of large lipid droplets. Our results suggest that FSP27 contributes to efficient energy storage in WAT by promoting the formation of unilocular lipid droplets, thereby restricting lipolysis. In addition, we found that the nature of lipid accumulation in WAT appears to be associated with maintenance of energy balance and insulin sensitivity.
A Plant's Dilemma (1998)

Plants absorb water through their roots, then expel it through pores (stomata) in their leaves. In their Perspective, Grill and Ziegler explain that in times of drought, closing the stomata can help a plant conserve water. Thus, the finding in this week's issue by [ Pei et al .][1] --that mutation of a gene encoding a protein-modifying enzyme can cause a plant to close its stomata more easily--may point the way to limitation of water loss by plants, a tremendous economic benefit in arid regions.

 [1]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/282/5387/287
Simulation of a Fixed-wing UAV Forced Landing with Dynamic Path Planning (2007)

This paper describes the current status of a program to develop automated forced landing techniques for a fixed-wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The paper outlines two dynamic path planning algorithms that were developed based on processes used by human pilots in forced landings. To evaluate the performances of these algorithms, a simulation environment was created using a non-linear 6 degree-of-freedom aircraft model. The simulation also modelled prevailing wind conditions which are a major factor in the forced landing planning process. Results from Monte Carlo testing demonstrate that the second algorithm was able to land the UAV inside the designated landing area with a success rate of 52%. This is twice the success rate of the first algorithm. The results of the Monte Carlo tests will serve as a benchmark for further refinements to the second algorithm,such that it can be implemented in an autonomous UAV forced landing system .
Selective σ-Bond Metathesis in Alkyl−Aryl and Alkyl−Benzyl Yttrium Complexes. New Aryl− and Benzyl−Hydrido Yttrium Derivatives Supported by Amidopyridinate Ligands (2009)

Yttrium dialkyl complexes coordinated by 6-aryl-substituted amidopyridinate ligands undergo selective intramolecular sp2 or sp3 C−H bond activation. Upon treatment with PhSiH3 of the resulting Y−C(alkyl, aryl) or Y−C(alkyl,benzyl) systems, a σ-bond metathesis reaction takes place selectively at the Y−C(alkyl) bond, generating rare dimeric aryl−hydrido or benzyl−hydrido yttrium complexes, respectively.
The Petri-Dish Effect (2020)

High rise apartment buildings have multitudes of people interacting every day, whether in elevators, common rooms or the laundry. As of April 1, 2020, COVID-19 has been confirmed in 47,439 cases in New York City alone with 1,941 deaths. partment complexes in New York and other large cities must take precautionary measures to keep tenants safe, such as social distancing strategies, placing hand sanitizers in all public spaces, frequent cleaning of elevators, closing recreational rooms, and providing alcohol wipes in the laundry areas. This will help limit the spread of COVID-19, and also encourage tenants to continue proper hand hygiene in their own apartments.
NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN BIOFUEL PRODUCTION (2005)

Paper and PowerPoint Presentation
Differential maintenance and de novo methylating activity by three DNA methyltransferases in aging and immortalized fibroblasts (2001)

Genomic methylation, which influences many cellular processes such as gene expression and chromatin organization, generally declines with cellular senescence although some genes undergo paradoxical hypermethylation during cellular aging and immortalization. To explore potential mechanisms for this process, we analyzed the methylating activity of three DNA methyltransferases (Dnmts) in aging and immortalized WI-38 fibroblasts. Overall maintenance methylating activity by the Dnmts greatly decreased during cellular senescence. In immortalized WI-38 cells, maintenance methylating activity was similar to that of normal young cells. Combined de novo methylation activity of the Dnmts initially decreased but later increased as WI-38 cells aged and was strikingly elevated in immortalized cells. To further elucidate the mechanisms for changes in DNA methylation in aging and immortalized cells, the individual Dnmts were separated and individually assessed for maintenance and de novo methylating activity. We resolved three Dnmt fractions, one of which was the major maintenance methyltransferase, Dnmt1, which declined steadily in activity with cellular senescence and immortalization. However, a more basic Dnmt, which has significant de novo methylating activity, increased markedly in activity in aging and immortalized cells. We have identified this methyltransferase as Dnmt3b which has an important role in neoplastic transformation but its role in cellular senescence and immortalization has not previously been reported. An acidic Dnmt we isolated also had increased de novo methylating activity in senescent and immortalized WI-38 cells. These studies indicate that reduced genome-wide methylation in aging cells may be attributed to attenuated Dnmt1 activity but that regional or gene-localized hypermethylation in aging and immortalized cells may be linked to increased de novo methylation by Dnmts other than the maintenance methyltransferase.
Power System Frequency Estimation Using Least Mean Square Technique (2005)

Frequency is an important parameter in power system monitoring, control, and protection. A least mean square (LMS) algorithm in complex form is presented in this paper to estimate power system frequency where the formulated structure is very simple. The three-phase voltages are converted to a complex form for processing by the proposed algorithm. To enhance the convergence characteristic of the complex form of the LMS algorithm, a variable adaptation step-size is incorporated. The performance of the new algorithm is studied through simulations at different situations of the power system.
Intraoperative near-infrared fluorescence imaging of colorectal metastases targeting integrin αvβ3 expression in a syngeneic rat model (2011)

These results demonstrate that colorectal intra-abdominal metastases can be clearly demarcated during surgery using an integrin α(v)β(3) targeting NIR fluorescence probe. Translating these findings to the clinic will have an excellent potential to substantially improve the quality of cancer surgery.
Chronic Management of Seizures in the Syndromes of Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy (2003)

As a group, idiopathic generalized epilepsies (IGEs) have the highest rates of complete seizure control with medication. However, there are little evidence-based data to guide drug choice for treatment. Examples of IGE include absence epilepsy, generalized tonic-clonic epilepsy, and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Generalized epilepsies seem to be particularly vulnerable to seizure aggravation, and medications that are primarily effective against partial seizures are more commonly involved in seizure aggravation than other medications. A review of current research has shown that only a few medications can control IGE without potentially causing seizure aggravation. Broad-spectrum antiepileptic drugs such as valproate (VPA), lamotrigine, and topiramate are extremely effective at controlling a variety of seizures without causing excessive seizure aggravation. Among these drugs, VPA has the longest clinical experience history and the largest body of published data.
Mediation and Social Justice: Risks and Opportunities (2012)

The article assesses the social justice critique of mediation and its bases. It describes various responses that mediation's proponents have offered to counter its social justice critics and illustrates the flaws in the arguments used to counter the critics. It presents a new view of how mediation can be supportive of social justice and explains the conditions essential for mediation to meet that goal. It discusses the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka.
Epoxy Nanocomposites with Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Additives (2014)

Emerging two-dimensional (2D) materials such as transition metal dichalcogenides offer unique and hitherto unavailable opportunities to tailor the mechanical, thermal, electronic, and optical properties of polymer nanocomposites. In this study, we exfoliated bulk molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) into nanoplatelets, which were then dispersed in epoxy polymers at loading fractions of up to 1% by weight. We characterized the tensile and fracture properties of the composite and show that MoS2 nanoplatelets are highly effective at enhancing the mechanical properties of the epoxy at very low nanofiller loading fractions (below 0.2% by weight). Our results show the potential of 2D sheets of transition metal dichalcogenides as reinforcing additives in polymeric composites. Unlike graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides such as MoS2 are high band gap semiconductors and do not impart significant electrical conductivity to the epoxy matrix. For many applications, it is essential to enhance mechanical properties while also maintaining the electrical insulation properties and the high dielectric constant of the polymer material. In such applications, conductive carbon based fillers such as graphene cannot be utilized. This study demonstrates that 2D transition metal dichalcogenide additives offer an elegant solution to such class of problems.
PRIVACY-PRESERVING DATA MINING OF DISTRIBUTED DATABASES USING NAÏVE BAYES CLASSIFIER (2013)

Privacy-preserving data mining is discovering accurate patterns and rules without precise access to the original data. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm for privacy preserving data mining. The proposed algorithm is based on the integration of RSA public key cryptosystem and homomorphic encryption scheme. No data is shared between distributed parties except the final result. Data mining algorithm is performed locally for each party. The final result of all parties is compared to get the target value. Previous solution for privacy preserving data mining of Naive Bayes classifier is based on secure sum that may permit collusion between parties, which is not here in proposed solution. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can provide good capability of privacy preserving, accuracy and efficiency.
Histogram-based Outlier Score (HBOS): A fast Unsupervised Anomaly Detection Algorithm (2012)

Abstract. Unsupervised anomaly detection is the process of finding outliers in data sets without prior training. In this paper, a histogrambased outlier detection (HBOS) algorithm is presented, which scores records in linear time. It assumes independence of the features making it much faster than multivariate approaches at the cost of less precision. A comparative evaluation on three UCI data sets and 10 standard algorithms show, that it can detect global outliers as reliable as state-of-theart algorithms, but it performs poor on local outlier problems. HBOS is in our experiments up to 5 times faster than clustering based algorithms and up to 7 times faster than nearest-neighbor based methods. 1