gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ANXA3/JNK Signaling Promotes Self-Renewal and Tumor Growth, and Its Blockade Provides a Therapeutic Target for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2015)

Frequent tumor relapse in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been commonly attributed to the presence of residual cancer stem cells (CSCs) after conventional treatments. We have previously identified and characterized CD133 to mark a specific CSC subset in HCC. In the present study, we found endogenous and secretory annexin A3 (ANXA3) to play pivotal roles in promoting cancer and stem cell-like features in CD133+ liver CSCs through a dysregulated JNK pathway. Blockade of ANXA3 with an anti-ANXA3 monoclonal antibody in vitro as well as in human HCC xenograft models resulted in a significant reduction in tumor growth and self-renewal. Clinically, ANXA3 expression in HCC patient sera closely associated with aggressive clinical features. Our results suggest that ANXA3 can serve as a novel diagnostic biomarker and that the inhibition of ANXA3 may be a viable therapeutic option for the treatment of CD133+ liver-CSC-driven HCC.
Hybrid committee classifier for a computerized colonic polyp detection system (2006)

We present a hybrid committee classifier for computer-aided detection (CAD) of colonic polyps in CT colonography (CTC). The classifier involved an ensemble of support vector machines (SVM) and neural networks (NN) for classification, a progressive search algorithm for selecting a set of features used by the SVMs and a floating search algorithm for selecting features used by the NNs. A total of 102 quantitative features were calculated for each polyp candidate found by a prototype CAD system. 3 features were selected for each of 7 SVM classifiers which were then combined to form a committee of SVMs classifier. Similarly, features (numbers varied from 10-20) were selected for 11 NN classifiers which were again combined to form a NN committee classifier. Finally, a hybrid committee classifier was defined by combining the outputs of both the SVM and NN committees. The method was tested on CTC scans (supine and prone views) of 29 patients, in terms of the partial area under a free response receiving operation characteristic (FROC) curve (AUC). Our results showed that the hybrid committee classifier performed the best for the prone scans and was comparable to other classifiers for the supine scans.
A Highly Efficacious Carfentanil Vaccine That Blunts Opioid-Induced Antinociception and Respiratory Depression (2021)

The opioid epidemic remains a dire public health crisis with millions of people currently suffering from opioid use disorder (OUD) and tens of thousands dying each year. Synthetic opioids are most responsible for the crisis because of their extreme potency and ease of manufacture. Carfentanil for example has an estimated potency 10,000 times greater than morphine and thus is highly dangerous for human use. Herein, we report two synthetic opioid vaccines that elicited high-affinity antibodies against carfentanil and fentanyl with cross-reactivity to other synthetic opioids in mice and offered protection against opioid-induced respiratory depression, the primary cause of overdose deaths. These vaccines also successfully diminished drug biodistribution to the brain and shielded against opioid analgesic effects. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into the development of immunotherapeutic strategies aimed at opioid abuse and overdose.
99-06: Device Pacing Diagnostics Overestimate Effective Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Pacing Results of the hOLter for Efficacy analysis of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Study (OLÉ Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy study) (2016)

Purpose: A high percentage of bi-ventricular or left ventricular (LV) pacing in CRT devices has been associated with superior long-term clinical outcomes. However, the % ventricular (V) pacing reported by CRT devices only indicates the number of CRT paces the device has delivered, not how many have electrically activated the LV myocardium. A beat-by-beat evaluation of effective pacing would provide a more accurate evaluation of CRT delivery and help avoid paced beats that do not capture. Methods: We have developed and validated an automatic device-based algorithm to classify each LV pace as effective or ineffective. The classification is based on detection of QS/QS-r morphology on the unipolar LV electrogram (EGM) during LV pacing. We used this algorithm to process unipolar LV EGMs that were recorded by Holters from 57 CRT patients. The % effective CRT was calculated by dividing the time spent in effective CRT pacing by the total time of the recording. Conclusion: The % V pacing provided by CRT devices significantly overestimates the amount of effective CRT being delivered in the typical CRT patient cohort studied here. A new device algorithm quantifies effective CRT pacing, which enables the clinician to understand and address the reasons behind suboptimal CRT delivery.
Dual-band infrared thermography for quantitative nondestructive evaluation (1993)

The authors have developed dual-band infrared (DBIR) thermography that is being applied to quantitative nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of aging aircraft. The DBIR technique resolves 0.2 degrees C surface temperature differences for inspecting interior flaws in heated aircraft structures. It locates cracks, corrosion sites, disbonds or delaminations in metallic laps and composite patches. By removing clutter from surface roughness effects, the authors clarify interpretation of subsurface flaws. To accomplish this, the authors ratio images recorded at two infrared bands, centered near 5 microns and 10 microns. These image ratios are used to decouple temperature patterns associated with interior flaw sites from spatially varying surface emissivity noise. They also discuss three-dimensional (3D) dynamic thermal imaging of structural flaws using dual-band infrared (DBIR) computed tomography. Conventional thermography provides single-band infrared images which are difficult to interpret. Standard procedures yield imprecise (or qualitative) information about subsurface flaw sites which are typically masked by surface clutter. They use a DBIR imaging technique pioneered at LLNL to capture the time history of surface temperature difference patterns for flash-heated targets. They relate these patterns to the location, size, shape and depth of subsurface flaws. They have demonstrated temperature accuracies of 0.2{degree}C, timing synchronization of 3 ms (after onset of heat flash) and intervals of 42 ms, between images, during an 8 s cooling (and heating) interval characterizing the front (and back) surface temperature-time history of an epoxy-glue disbond site in a flash-heated aluminum lap joint.
FUEL 84: CO2/SO2 sequestration via brine/bauxite residue mixture (2008)

A novel concept that can achieve neutralization of bauxite residue through reaction with acidic oil and gas field wastewater brines with subsequent carbonation with flue gas has been explored. Experiments were conducted to determine the ability of bauxite residue brine reactant mixtures to absorb and sequester CO2 and SO2 both from a concentrated stream and as components of a mixed flue gas. The use of bauxite residue/brine mixtures to capture and store CO2 can serve to not only help mitigate the impact of anthropogenic CO2 on global warming but also serve to achieve neutralization of the caustic industrial waste for safe storage.
Long-term forecasting of Internet backbone traffic (2003)

We introduce a methodology to predict when and where link additions/upgrades have to take place in an IP backbone network. Using SNMP statistics, collected continuously since 1999, we compute aggregate demand between any two adjacent PoPs and look at its evolution at time scales larger than one hour. We show that IP backbone traffic exhibits visible long term trends, strong periodicities, and variability at multiple time scales.
Microfabricated Gas Chromatograph for Trace Analysis (2008)

Microfabricated portable gas analyzers with high sensitivity and selectivity offer utility in a variety of critical applications including aviation security, food safety and toxic industrial waste monitoring. An integral component of such analyzers is the gas chromatographic (GC) column which is used for separations of an injected mixture based on the relative sorption of the various analytes in the carrier gas by the stationary phase. In this interim report, we describe our efforts in the design and development of a microfabricated GC column for the trace detection of hazardous chemicals. Specifically, in this work an optimized serpentine layout with a circular cross- sectional profile has been microfabricated. In this work, computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modeling has been employed as a method to aid in the GC column design optimization. Selectivity to hazardous hydrogen bond basic (HBB) analytes (e.g. TNT, GB, VX) was achieved by using an NRL developed hydrogen bond acid (HBA) sorbent polymer HCSFA2 as the stationary phase. HCSFA2 offers a higher partition coefficient than the more commonly used polysiloxanes.
Using EELs, a practical approach to outerjoin and antijoin reordering (2002)

Outerjoins and antijoins are two important classes of joins in database systems. Reordering outerjoins and antijoins with innerjoins is challenging because not all the join orders preserve the semantics of the original query. Previous work did not consider antijoins and was restricted to a limited class of queries. We consider using a conventional bottom-up optimizer to reorder different types of joins. We propose extending each join predicate's eligibility list, which contains all the tables referenced in the predicate. An extended eligibility list (EEL) includes all the tables needed by a predicate to preserve the semantics of the original query. We describe an algorithm that can set up the EELs properly in a bottom-up traversal of the original operator tree. A conventional join optimizer is then modified to check the EELs when generating sub-plans. Our approach handles antijoin and can resolve many practical issues. It is now being implemented in an upcoming release of IBM's Universal Database Server for Unix, Windows and OS/2.
Preparation and Performance of Silica/Epoxy Group-Functionalized Biobased Elastomer Nanocomposite (2017)

Epoxy group-functionalized biobased elastomer poly(dibutyl itaconate-ter-isoprene-ter-glycidyl methacrylate) (PDBIIG) was synthesized via redox emulsion polymerization using glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) as the epoxy group-included monomer. The silica/PDBIIG nanocomposite was prepared without adding silane coupling agents. The ring-opening reaction, which occurred between the hydroxyl groups on the silica surfaces and the epoxy groups of the PDBIIG chains during mixing and vulcanization, was confirmed via bound rubber tests and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. This reaction was facilitated through heat treatment at 150 °C effectively. The introduction of covalent bonds significantly improved the interfacial interaction and dispersion of silica, which was indicated by transmission electron microscopy and rubber process analyzer (RPA) results. With the same silica loading and compounding procedure, the inclusion of 3.7 wt % GMA increased the modulus at 100% strain by 150.0% and the modulus at 300% strain by 152.3%. For the dynamic mechanical properties, the nanocomposite with GMA exhibited higher wet skid resistance and lower rolling resistance than the nanocomposite without GMA.
A Hybrid State Estimation Approach for Integrated Heat and Electricity Networks Considering Time-scale Characteristics (2020)

State estimation (SE) usually serves as the basic function of the energy management system (EMS). In this paper, the time-scale characteristics of the integrated heat and electricity networks are studied and an SE model is established. Then, a two-stage iterative algorithm is proposed to estimate the time delay of heat power transportation in the pipeline. Meanwhile, to accommodate the measuring resolutions of the integrated network, a hybrid SE approach is developed based on the two-stage iterative algorithm. Results show that, in both steady and dynamic processes, the two-stage estimator has good accuracy and convergence. The hybrid estimator has good performance on tracking the variation of the states in the heating network, even when the available measurements are limited.
Linewidth broadening and mode splitting due to weak feedback in single-frequency 1.5-μm lasers (1986)

Semiconductor lasers to be used in coherent optical communications systems must have a narrow linewidth and good frequency stability. While the narrowest linewidths are provided by external cavity lasers, there is considerable interest in using distributed feedback (DFB) lasers without external cavities in more linewidth-tolerant systems such as heterodyne ASK or FSK. In such systems, a major factor affecting performance will be the amount of light fed back into the laser. The emphasis in most previous work1–3 has been on linewidth narrowing arising from external optical feedback. However, If the phase of the feedback is not controlled, the laser line may broaden or split under the influence of feedback.
3-D Transducer Mounted Shear Wave Absolute Vibro-Elastography: Proof of Concept (2023)

Quantitative tissue stiffness characterization using ultrasound (US) has been shown to improve prostate cancer (PCa) detection in multiple studies. Shear wave absolute vibro-elastography (SWAVE) allows quantitative and volumetric assessment of tissue stiffness using external multifrequency excitation. This article presents a proof of concept of a first-of-a-kind 3-D hand-operated endorectal SWAVE system designed to be used during systematic prostate biopsy. The system is developed with a clinical US machine, requiring only an external exciter that can be mounted directly to the transducer. Subsector acquisition of radio frequency (RF) data allows imaging of shear waves with a high effective frame rate (up to 250 Hz). The system was characterized using eight different quality assurance phantoms. Due to the invasive nature of prostate imaging, at this early stage of development, validation of in vivo human tissue was instead carried out by intercostally scanning the livers of n = 7 healthy volunteers. The results are compared with 3-D magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) and an existing 3-D SWAVE system with a matrix array transducer (M-SWAVE). High correlations were found with MRE (99% in phantoms, 94% in liver data) and with M-SWAVE (99% in phantoms, 98% in liver data).
Edge supported ZnO thin film bulk acoustic wave resonators and filter design (2002)

Edge supported ZnO thin film bulk acoustic wave resonators of different areas were fabricated using both Al and Au/Cr electrodes and their high frequency response characteristic characterized by S-parameters measurement. The development of an equivalent circuit for the composite resonator leads to an understanding of the dependency on device area and electrode material. The use of varying resonator area in ladder filter design is discussed.
Harnessing the transient signals in atomic force microscopy (2005)

Abstract In the existing dynamic‐mode operation of atomic force microscopes (AFMs) steady‐state signals like amplitude and phase are used for detection and imaging of material. Due to the high quality factor of the cantilever probe the corresponding methods are inherently slow. In this paper, a novel methodology for fast interrogation of material that exploits the transient part of the cantilever motion is developed. This method effectively addresses the perceived fundamental limitation on bandwidth due to high quality factors. It is particularly suited for the detection of small time scale tip–sample interactions. Analysis and experiments show that the method results in significant increase in bandwidth and resolution as compared to the steady‐state‐based methods. This article demonstrates the effectiveness of a systems perspective to the field of imaging at the nano‐scale and for the first time reports realtime experimental results and scanning applications of the transient method. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fast Method of ID Documents Location and Type Identification for Mobile and Server Application (2019)

In this paper we discuss the problem of simultaneous document type recognition and projective distortion parameters estimation for the images of ID documents. There are two considered cases. In the first case a video stream captured using mobile devices is processed on the device. The second case considers photos or scanned images which are processed on a server. For each case the requirements are defined for the input data and processing speed. The universal approach is proposed, which allows solving the problem in both cases. The approach is based on representing the image as a constellation of feature points and descriptors, but in order to perform more accurate distortion parameters estimation straight lines and quadrangles are extracted from the input image and used as additional features. Techniques are described which allow to combine matched feature points, lines, and quadrangles to geometric verification using RANSAC. Best alternative selection criteria are proposed along with methods of solution accuracy estimation. The differences between methods of preliminary analysis of the input image and geometric primitives location are discussed in relation to the considered problems. For quality estimation an open dataset MIDV-500 is used, together with its extension for server-side problem version, created in scope of this work. Results show that using lines and quadrangles increase the location accuracy, and the proposed algorithm surpasses previously published works in classification precision and computational performance.
Rheological investigation of complex micro and nanofibrillated cellulose (MNFC) suspensions: Discussion of flow curves and gel stability (2016)

Micro and nanofibrillated cellulose in aqueous suspension presents many challenges when considering its use, for example, in forming nanocomposites. The inclusion of filler particles either as extender or as functional additive allows the range of strength and deformation properties to be extended. These properties, however, are linked in many cases to the rheological properties of the raw material mix. Interactions under dynamic shear or under controlled stress at low amplitude reveal the potential to generate functional interactions, not only between the cellulose components themselves but also between the cellulose and polymer additives, as well as surface modified pigment fillers. Examples are given demonstrating the action of adding cellulosic polymer in the form of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to micro and nanofibrillated cellulose (MNFC). Rheological studies show how these combinations with CMC, added either in free form or preadsorbed onto calcium carbonate filler particles, lead to a variety of responses. Dispersability of the MNFC is increased by the use of free CMC polymer addition, and the usually expected flocculating action on added filler is seen not to occur. Alternatively, the preadsorbed CMC on the calcium carbonate pigment filler leads to an interaction between the fibrillar cellulose and the surface modified calcium carbonate pigment filler, to which incorporation of cationic polymer leads to a reduction of interaction, provided theaddition level does not exceed the isoelectric point of the mix. The observations are viewed in the context of a combination of proposed physical contact dynamics in the form of disordered and ordered alignment.
Impact of Obesity on Brexpiprazole Pharmacokinetics: Proposal for Improved Initiation of Treatment (2021)

Brexpiprazole is an oral antipsychotic agent indicated for use in patients with schizophrenia or as adjunctive treatment for major depressive disorder. As obesity (body mass index ≥35 kg/m<sup>2</sup> ) has the potential to affect drug pharmacokinetics and is a common comorbidity of both schizophrenia and major depressive disorder, it is important to understand changes in brexpiprazole disposition in this population. This study uses a whole-body physiologically based pharmacokinetic model to compare the pharmacokinetics of brexpiprazole in obese and normal-weight (body mass index 18-25 kg/m<sup>2</sup> ) individuals known to be cytochrome P450 2D6 extensive metabolizers (EMs) and poor metabolizers (PMs). The physiologically based pharmacokinetic simulations demonstrated significant differences in the time to effective concentrations between obese and normal-weight individuals within metabolizer groups according to the label-recommended titration. Simulations using an alternative dosing strategy of 1 week of twice-daily dosing in obese EMs or 2 weeks of twice-daily dosing in obese poor metabolizers, followed by a return to once-daily dosing, yielded more consistent plasma concentrations between normal-weight and obese patients without exceeding the area under the plasma concentration-time curve observed in the normal-weight EMs. These alternative dosing strategies reduce the time to effective concentrations in obese patients and may improve clinical response to brexpiprazole.
Quantification of choroidal neovascularization vessel length using optical coherence tomography angiography (2016)

Quantification of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) as visualized by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) may have importance clinically when diagnosing or tracking disease. Here, we present an automated algorithm to quantify the vessel skeleton of CNV as vessel length. Initial segmentation of the CNV on en face angiograms was achieved using saliency-based detection and thresholding. A level set method was then used to refine vessel edges. Finally, a skeleton algorithm was applied to identify vessel centerlines. The algorithm was tested on nine OCTA scans from participants with CNV and comparisons of the algorithm’s output to manual delineation showed good agreement.
Ferroelectric fluorinated copolymers with improved adhesion properties (2016)

Modified fluorinated electroactive poly(VDF- co -TrFE) copolymers with improved adhesion properties, on glass or metal substrates, are presented.
Antimalarial pantothenamide metabolites target acetyl-CoA synthesis in <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> (2018)

Abstract Malaria eradication is critically dependent on novel drugs that target resistant Plasmodium parasites and block transmission of the disease. Here we report the discovery of potent pantothenamide bioisosteres that are active against blood-stage P. falciparum and also block onward mosquito transmission. These compounds are resistant to degradation by serum pantetheinases, show favorable pharmacokinetic properties and clear parasites in a humanized rodent infection model. Metabolomics revealed that CoA biosynthetic enzymes convert pantothenamides into drug-conjugates that interfere with parasite acetyl-CoA anabolism. In vitro generated resistant parasites showed mutations in acetyl-CoA synthetase and acyl-CoA synthetase 11, confirming the key roles of these enzymes in the sensitivity to pantothenamides. These new pantothenamides provide a promising class of antimalarial drugs with a unique mode of action. One sentence summary Pantothenamides form antimetabolites that interfere with acetyl-CoA metabolism in the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum