gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Generation of 11 fs pulses tunable across the visible by optical parametric amplification (1997)

We have generated pulses with 11 fs duration, tunable between 500 and 700 nm, using a noncollinear β-barium borate optical parametric amplifier pumped by the second harmonic of a Ti:sapphire laser.
Delayed extraction time-of-flight MALDI mass spectrometry of proteins above 25000 Da (1997)

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) with delayed extraction (DE) has been optimized for mass analysis of high-mass proteins and glycoproteins with masses above 25,000 Da. Under optimized experimental conditions, i.e. using a weak extraction field strength and a long delay time, a steep drop in mass resolution above 30,000 Da is no longer observed and an improvement of more than a factor of 10 is obtained compared with the non-DE case, at least up to 66 kDa in a 1.2 m time-of-flight mass analyzer. On this level of resolution the factors limiting further improvements become apparent, i.e. adduct ion formation between matrix and analyte, but also cationization and further non-matrix-related adducts, as well as prompt fragmentation. Moreover, heterogeneity of the sample is often the reason for the detection of broad signals for larger proteins. Within these limitations, DHBs (a 9:1 mixture of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and 2-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzoic acid) gave by far the best results.
Aspects of version management of composite objects (1992)

Contents 1 Introduction 4 1.1 Thesis Overview : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 4 1.2 Object Oriented Databases : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 6 1.3 Composite Objects : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 7 1.4 Historical Information in Databases : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 9 2 The LINCKS System 11 2.1 Objects in the LINCKS System : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 11 2.2 Composite Objects in the LINCKS System : : : : : : : : : : : : 13 2.3 Historical Information of Objects in LINCKS : : : : : : : : : : : 15 2.3.1 Temporal History : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 15 2.3.2 Edit History : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 17 2.3.3 Use of History : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 19 3 LITE as Temporal Fr
Role of Dimension and Spatial Arrangement on the Activity of Biocatalytic Cascade Reactions on Scaffolds (2016)

Despite broad interest in engineering enzyme cascades on surfaces (i.e., for multistep biocatalysis, enzyme-mediated electrocatalysis, biosensing, and synthetic biology), there is a fundamental gap in understanding how the local density and spatial arrangement of enzymes affect overall activity. In this work, the dependence of the overall activity of a cascade reaction on the geometric arrangement and density of enzymes immobilized on a two-dimensional scaffold was elucidated using kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. Simulations were specifically used to track the molecular trajectories of the reaction species and to investigate the turnover frequency of individual enzymes on the surface under diffusion-limited and reaction-limited conditions for random, linear striped, and hexagonal arrangements of the enzymes. Interestingly, the simulation results showed that, under diffusion-limited conditions, the overall cascade activity was only weakly dependent on spatial arrangement and, specifically, nearest-neighbor distance for high enzyme surface coverages. This dependence becomes negligible for reaction-limited conditions, implying that the spatial arrangement has only a minimal impact on cascade activity for the length scales studied here, which has important practical implications. These results suggest that, at short length scales (i.e., sub 10 nm dimensions) and high enzyme densities, sophisticated approaches for controlling enzyme spatial arrangement have little benefit over random immobilization. Moreover, our findings suggest that engineering artificial cascades with enhanced activity will likely require direct molecular channeling rather than a reliance on free molecular diffusion.
Computed tomographic imaging of the coronary arterial tree-use of local tomography (1990)

It has been demonstrated previously (see E.L. Ritman and A.A. Bove, in State of the Art in Quantitative Coronary Arteriography, p.67-78, 1986) that coronary artery anatomy can be visualized using high-speed, volume-scanning X-ray CT (computed tomography). In the current study it is demonstrated that local image reconstruction (i.e. the reconstruction kernel is ~2(+) mm long), as distinct from more conventional global image reconstruction (i.e. 200(+) mm kernel length), has the advantage of reducing the need for operator interactive image processing. In addition, the local reconstruction algorithm eliminates the need for recording the X-ray projection data over the full transaxial extent of the thorax because it requires only the X-ray attenuation data over the region of the heart. This latter aspect reduces the dynamic range requirements for the sensors and could reduce total X-ray exposure.
Einleitung (2001)

Am 1. Januar 1991 ist in Deutschland das Umwelthaftungsgesetz (UmweltHG) in Kraft getreten. Es schafft eine verschuldensunabhängige Gefährdungshaftung für individuelle Schäden, die durch den Betrieb bestimmter umweltgefährdender technischer Anlagen hervorgerufen werden. Dabei ist es gleichgültig, ob diese Schäden durch einen Störfall oder durch den Normalbetrieb einer Anlage entstehen. Ein Haftungsrisiko besteht in beiden Fällen.
OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY OF RETINAL VENOUS OCCLUSION (2015)

Optical coherence tomography angiography is an investigational method that generates high-resolution, noninvasive angiograms that qualitatively illustrate most of clinically relevant findings in retinal venous occlusion. Optical coherence tomography angiography corresponds well with fluorescein angiograms and in many cases provides more detailed anatomic and blood flow information. Optical coherence tomography angiography, in conjunction with standard spectral domain-OCT, is at least equally as effective as fluorescein angiography for evaluation and management of the macular complications of retinal venous occlusions.
Smoothbore Flexible Riser for Gas Export (2007)

Summary This paper describes the development of a novel design of smooth-bore riser for dry gas applications. It has been developed for use on the Statoil operated Åsgard field, located approximately 200 kilo-metres off mid-Norway. Shortly after startup of gas export from what was then the world's largest semi-sub, Statoil's Åsgard B platform, a serious noise and vibration phenomenon was identified in the gas export system. This system consists of a manifold on the platform topsides connected to parallel flexible risers linked to a subsea Export Riser Base which feeds the gas into the 42-in. export pipeline to Norway. The noise, essentially a high-pitched whistling, and resulting vibration caused two fatigue failures of smallbore piping fittings on the topsides manifold, leading to gas leaks on the platform. There were also concerns related to the subsea piping. The source of the noise, in this dry-gas system, was related to vortex shedding of the gas flow past the internal carcass in the flexible risers. Initially, two roughbore risers were installed; this was sub-sequently increased to a total of four, including one spare. The increase to three operating export risers had been planned from the start of the project to reflect increased export volumes from Åsgard. However, while it was now possible to manage the gas flow such that the noise and vibration was controlled, this could not be achieved without unacceptable pressure losses along the length of the flexible risers. This problem was related to longer term operation of the Åsgard Transport System as the export volume through it, and hence the required operating pressure, increased with the inclusion of export from new fields, such as Kristin. After comprehensive work with export system monitoring, dynamic simulations, and assessment of alternative export arrangements, Statoil invited Technip to validate the concept of a flexible smoothbore structure for the Åsgard B gas export riser system. This paper describes the background for, and special measures implemented in, the design of the world's first smoothbore flexible riser for gas export. This design is such that noise from the risers is eliminated while, at the same time, a smooth internal bore significantly reduces the pressure losses along the riser, allowing the full potential of the Åsgard Transport System to be achieved. The first smoothbore gas export riser was installed in late Autumn 2006 as a replacement for one of the existing standard roughbore risers. Hence, the new application of smoothbore riser technology to the novel gas export riser design for Åsgard gives several benefits: Noise and vibration issues are eliminated. Pressure losses are reduced. Environmental benefits are achieved from the subsequent re-duction in need for compression.
Immunodiagnostic Capabilities of Anti–Free Immunoglobulin Light Chain Monoclonal Antibodies (2008)

Overproduction of plasma cell-derived monoclonal free kappa or lambda immunoglobulin light chains (FLCs) is a hallmark of multiple myeloma, AL amyloidosis, and light chain deposition disease. Because these components serve as unique cellular and serologic biomarkers, their detection and quantitation has diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic import. In this regard, we have developed monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that specifically recognize the kappa or lambda FLC products of all known human variable and constant region light chain genes. We now report the results of our studies that have demonstrated the capability of these reagents to measure, in a modified fluid-phase capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), serum kappa and lambda FLCs at concentrations as low as 5 and 15 ng/mL, respectively. The mAb-based ELISA has greater sensitivity and reproducibility than does the commercially available immunoturbidimetric assay that uses polyclonal anti-FLC antibodies. In addition, the mAbs can immunostain monoclonal FLC-producing plasma cells and pathologic light chain-related amyloid and nonfibrillar tissue deposits. Our anti-FLC mAbs, with their high degree of reactivity and versatility, may provide an invaluable tool in the diagnosis and management of light chain-associated disease.
Simple optical neighbor discovery (SOND): architecture, applications, andexperimental verification (2003)

The architecture, applications, and experimental verification of a simple neighbor discovery method are presented. The method follows the recent International Telecommunication Union—Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) and Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standardization, automatically switched optical network (ASON)/generalized multiprotocol label switching (GMPLS), on automatically switched optical networks. The method needs no specific hardware components but claims to be so simple that virtually any equipment with common optical ports can support it. It eliminates the need for costly and complex synchronous optical network/synchronous digital hierarchy/optical transport network (SONET/SDH/OTN) overhead read–write functionality in optical elements such as optical cross connects (OXCs). The method thus offers a fast track to automated optical networks.
An Improved Simultaneous Iterative Reconstruction Technique For Electrical Capacitance Tomography (1999)

Abstract – High-quality reconstruction of capacitance tomography data is important to get the quantitative information from the cross sectional images of the multiphase pipe flow. Because of the complex nature of the capacitance sensors, the reconstruction algorithms well developed for medical tomography are not applicable. The main problems lie in two aspects. One is the “soft-field ” effect, the other is the limited number of measurements. To resolve these problems and get high-quality images, a reconstruction algorithm named Simultaneous Iterative Reconstruction Technique (SIRT) often used in geology investigation is introduced. According to the fastness of the process tomography and the smoothing effect of SIRT, some improvements have been made. These methods are compared to the well-known linear back projection algorithm (LBP) and the linear back projection thresholded algorithm widely used in capacitance tomography. A computer simulated eight-electrode capacitance tomography system has been used for the evaluation. Further research will be done on a real eight-electrode capacitance tomography system.
ERAR: An Event-Driven Approach for Real-Time Activity Recognition (2015)

An exciting paradise of data is emerging into our daily life along with the development of relative perceptive technologies in smart home. How to automatically and actively recognize real-time activities from the big data is one key challenge for the future pervasive computing and ambient intelligence. Solving this problem can greatly enhance the development of relative technologies for eldercare, childcare or healthcare. This paper proposes an event-driven approach, namely activity event model, for real-time activity recognition in smart home (ERAR). The ERAR approach segments data flow based on AES Dynamic Segmentation algorithm and recognizes activities based on SVM model. The AES Dynamic Segmentation algorithm uses activity event similarity (AES) to dynamically segment data flow, and can effectively distinguish concurrent activities. Experiments in the context of smart home are presented to show that our ERAR approach performs better than the baseline approaches.
Enhanced thermoelectric properties of n-type <font>Bi</font><sub>2</sub><font>Te</font><sub>2.7</sub><font>Se</font><sub>0.3</sub> by indium and sodium co-doping (2014)

Bi (1.98-x) In 0.02 Na x Te 2.7 Se 0.3 (x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06) and Bi 2 Te 2.7 Se 0.3 alloys were prepared by vacuum melting and hot pressing methods. The phase structure of the bulk samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction. Effects of indium and sodium co-substitutions for bismuth on the electrical and thermal transport properties were investigated in the temperature range of 298–473 K. Indium and sodium co-doping can enhance the carrier concentration, and accordingly the electrical conductivity can be improved effectively. The Seebeck coefficients of the co-doped samples have not been derogated strongly. The power factors are enhanced for the Bi (1.98-x) In 0.02 Na x Te 2.7 Se 0.3 (x = 0.02) within the whole testing temperature range. The Bi (1.98-x) In 0.02 Na x Te 2.7 Se 0.3 (x = 0.02) samples have the lower thermal conductivity due to reduction in lattice thermal conductivity, which leads to a great improvement in the thermoelectric figure of merit ZT. The highest ZT of the sample can reach 0.87 at 398 K.
On power efficient communication over multi-hop wireless networks: joint routing, scheduling and power control (2005)

With increasing interest in energy constrained multi-hop wireless networks (Bambos, N. et al., 1991), a fundamental problem is one of determining energy efficient communication strategies over these multi-hop networks. The simplest problem is one where a given source node wants to communicate with a given destination, with a given rate over a multi-hop wireless network, using minimum power. Here the power refers to the total amount of power consumed over the entire network in order to achieve this rate between the source and the destination. There are three decisions that have to be made (jointly) in order to minimize the power requirement. (1) The path(s) that the data has to take between the source and the destination. (Routing). (2) The power with each link transmission is done. (Power Control). (3) Depending on the interference or the MAC characteristics, the time slots in which specific link transmissions have to take place. (Scheduling). (4) To the best of our knowledge, ours is the first attempt to derive a performance guaranteed polynomial time approximation algorithm for jointly solving these three problems. We formulate the overall problem as an optimization problem with non-linear objective function and non-linear constraints. We then derive a polynomial time 3-approximation algorithm to solve this problem. We also present a simple version of the algorithm, with the same performance bound, which involves solving only shortest path problems and which is quite efficient in practice. Our approach readily extends to the case where there are multiple source-destination pairs that have to communicate simultaneously over the multi-hop network.
Energy Consumption Modelling Using Deep Learning Technique — A Case Study of EAF (2018)

Energy consumption is a global issue which government is taking measures to reduce. Steel plant can have a better energy management once its energy consumption can be modelled and predicted. The purpose of this study is to establish an energy value prediction model for electric arc furnace (EAF) through a data-driven approach using a large amount of real-world data collected from the melt shop in an established steel plant. The data pre-processing and feature selection are carried out. Several data mining algorithms are used separately to build the prediction model. The result shows the predicting performance of the deep learning model is better than the conventional machine learning models, e.g., linear regression, support vector machine and decision tree.
Dissection of the ion-induced folding of the hammerhead ribozyme using <sup>19</sup> F NMR (2001)

We have used (19)F NMR to analyze the metal ion-induced folding of the hammerhead ribozyme by selective incorporation of 5fluorouridine. We have studied the chemical shift and linewidths of (19)F resonances of 5-fluorouridine at the 4 and 7 positions in the ribozyme core as a function of added Mg(2+). The data fit well to a simple two-state model whereby the formation of domain 1 is induced by the noncooperative binding of Mg(2+) with an association constant in the range of 100 to 500 M(-1), depending on the concentration of monovalent ions present. The results are in excellent agreement with data reporting on changes in the global shape of the ribozyme. However, the NMR experiments exploit reporters located in the center of the RNA sections undergoing the folding transitions, thereby allowing the assignment of specific nucleotides to the separate stages. The results define the folding pathway at high resolution and provide a time scale for the first transition in the millisecond range.
An overview of reliable multicast transport protocol II (2000)

This document provides an overview of the reliable multicast transport protocol II, RMTP-II. RMTP-II is a reliable multicast protocol, designed to reliably and efficiently send data from a few senders to large groups of simultaneous recipients. It works over both symmetric networks and asymmetrical network topologies such as those provided by satellite, cable modem, or ADSL carriers. Before sending, each sender must connect with a trusted top node to receive permission and control parameters for its data stream. The top node provides network managers with a single point of control for the senders, allowing them to monitor and control the traffic being sent. RMTP-II builds on a rich field of existing work, and adds to it the following novel contributions. It differentiates the roles of the nodes in the protocol, provides algorithms for smoothing and control of the return (TRACK) traffic, and provides explicit support for highly asymmetrical networks. It provides explicit network management controls through a centralized point of control, a fully distributed membership protocol that enables positive confirmation of data delivery, and fault recovery algorithms which are integrated to the reliability semantics of the protocol. It includes a novel reliability level called time bounded reliability, and offers a unique combination of TRACKs, NACKs, and FEC for increased scalability and real-time performance. Finally, it integrates distributed algorithms for RTT calculation to each receiver, and provides automatic configuration of receiver nodes.
Insecticidal potency of <scp>RNAi</scp>‐based <i>catalase</i> knockdown in <i>Rhynchophorus ferrugineus</i> (Oliver) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (2016)

Catalase enzyme is found in most insect body tissues, and thus its dsRNA can cause broad-scale gene knockdown within the insect body, depending upon the application method. Significant larval mortality and growth inhibition after catalase knockdown in R. ferrugineus confirms its insecticidal potency and suggests a bright future for RNAi-based bioinsecticides in pest control. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
Metabolic Abnormalities Underlying the Different Prediabetic Phenotypes in Obese Adolescents (2008)

IFG, in obese adolescents, is linked primarily to alterations in glucose sensitivity of first-phase insulin secretion and liver insulin sensitivity. The IGT group is affected by a more severe degree of peripheral insulin resistance and reduction in first-phase secretion. IFG/IGT is hallmarked by a profound insulin resistance and by a new additional defect in second-phase insulin secretion.
Inhibition of HPA-1a alloantibody-mediated platelet destruction by a deglycosylated anti–HPA-1a monoclonal antibody in mice: toward targeted treatment of fetal-alloimmune thrombocytopenia (2013)

Fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is often caused by maternal alloantibodies against the human platelet antigen (HPA)-1a, which opsonizes fetal platelets (PLTs). Subsequent PLT destruction is mediated via the Fc part of the alloantibodies. The monoclonal antibody (mAb) SZ21 binds to the HPA-1a epitope and inhibits the binding of maternal alloantibodies. However, it also promotes complement activation and phagocytosis. Deglycosylation of antibodies abrogates the Fc-related effector functions. We modified the N-glycan of SZ21 by endoglycosidase F. The in vivo transplacental transport of N-glycan-modified (NGM)-SZ21 was not impaired. When injected into pregnant mice, both native-SZ21 and NGM-SZ21 were transported equally into fetal circulation (8.9% vs 8.7%, respectively, P = .58). Neither the binding properties of NGM-SZ21 to HPA-1a in surface plasmon resonance, nor the inhibition of anti-HPA-1a-induced PLT phagocytosis, were affected by N-glycan modification. NGM-SZ21 prevented PLT destruction induced by maternal anti-HPA-1a antibodies in vivo in a mouse model (PLT clearance after 5 hours; 18% vs 62%, in the presence or absence of NGM-SZ21, respectively, P = .013). Deglycosylation of SZ21 abrogates Fc-effector functions without interfering with placental transport or the ability to block anti-HPA-1a binding. Humanized, deglycosylated anti-HPA-1a mAbs may represent a novel treatment strategy to prevent anti-HPA-1a-mediated PLT destruction in FNAIT.