gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dense Visual SLAM with Probabilistic Surfel Map (2017)

Visual SLAM is one of the key technologies to align the virtual and real world together in Augmented Reality applications. RGBD dense Visual SLAM approaches have shown their advantages in robustness and accuracy in recent years. However, there are still several challenges such as the inconsistencies in RGBD measurements across multiple frames that could jeopardize the accuracy of both camera trajectory and scene reconstruction. In this paper, we propose a novel map representation called Probabilistic Surfel Map (PSM) for dense visual SLAM. The main idea is to maintain a globally consistent map with both photometric and geometric uncertainties encoded in order to address the inconsistency issue. The key of our PSM is proper modeling and updating of sensor measurement uncertainties, as well as the strategies to apply them for improving both the front-end pose estimation and the back-end optimization. Experimental results on publicly available datasets demonstrate major improvements with our approach over the state-of-the-art methods. Specifically, comparing with σ-DVO, we achieve a 40% reduction in absolute trajectory error and an 18% reduction in relative pose error in visual odometry, as well as an 8.5% reduction in absolute trajectory error in complete SLAM. Moreover, our PSM enables generation of a high quality dense point cloud with comparable accuracy as the state-of-the-art approach.
Efficient Photoconductive Terahertz Generation Using a Radio Frequency Bias (2011)

An efficient photoconductive THz source is described that uses a rapidly oscillating, high voltage bias across electrodes insulated from the GaAs sample. The resulting uniform field enables excitation with a large laser spot.
DNA and protein change in human breast tissues by diffuse reflectance spectrum (2000)

Breast tissues were investigated using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to yield the absorption spectrum from Kubelka-Munk Function (KMF). A specified spectral feature measured in adipose tissue was assign to (beta) -carotene, which can be used to separate fat from other molecular components in breast tissues. The peaks of (KMF) at 260nm and 280nm were attributed to DNA and proteins.
Highly accelerated projection imaging with coil sensitivity encoding for rapid MRI (2013)

Simulations demonstrated that only a single k-space line might be sufficient to reconstruct a 2D image using this new technique. Experimental results showed that this is a promising new technique for fast imaging. Using the information from the simulations and fast imaging parameters published in the literature, it could be predicted that a two-dimensional image could be acquired in about 10 ms. One of the major advantages of this new technique is that it does not require any additional hardware and can be implemented on a conventional scanner with an eight-channel coil.
Flexible low-voltage electro-optic polymer modulators (2003)

A high-performance electro-optic (EO) polymer modulator on a flexible substrate was fabricated using a polymer substrate layer lift-off method. The SU-8 polymer has widely different adhesion properties on Si and gold substrates that makes selective lift-off possible. The flexible EO polymer modulators on a 100-μm polymer substrate layer have a Vπ of 2.6 V and extinction ratio better than 20 dB at 1550 nm. The bending loss of the flexible waveguide was unchanged at bending radii as small as 1.5 mm, and no effect on Vπ was observed for a 5 mm bending radius.
Discovery of bisamide-heterocycles as inhibitors of scavenger receptor BI (SR-BI)-mediated lipid uptake (2015)

A new series of potent inhibitors of cellular lipid uptake from HDL particles mediated by scavenger receptor, class B, type I (SR-BI) was identified. The series was identified via a high-throughput screen of the National Institutes of Health Molecular Libraries Small Molecule Repository (NIH MLSMR) that measured the transfer of the fluorescent lipid DiI from HDL particles to CHO cells overexpressing SR-BI. The series is characterized by a linear peptidomimetic scaffold with two adjacent amide groups, as well as an aryl-substituted heterocycle. Analogs of the initial hit were rapidly prepared via Ugi 4-component reaction, and select enantiopure compounds were prepared via a stepwise sequence. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies suggest an oxygenated arene is preferred at the western end of the molecule, as well as highly lipophilic substituents on the central and eastern nitrogens. Compound 5e, with (R)-stereochemistry at the central carbon, was designated as probe ML279. Mechanistic studies indicate that ML279 stabilizes the interaction of HDL particles with SR-BI, and its effect is reversible. It shows good potency (IC50=17 nM), is non-toxic, plasma stable, and has improved solubility over our alternative probe ML278.
Serial and parallel methods for i/o efficient suffix tree construction (2009)

Over the past three decades, the suffix tree has served as a fundamental data structure in string processing. However, its widespread applicability has been hindered due to the fact that suffix tree construction does not scale well with the size of the input string. With advances in data collection and storage technologies, large strings have become ubiquitous, especially across emerging applications involving text, time series, and biological sequence data. To benefit from these advances, it is imperative that we realize a scalable suffix tree construction algorithm.
New Method to Measure High-Resolution Wind from a Decade of NASA Satellite Scatterometer Data for Offshore Wind Energy Development (2010)

A new method is developed to obtain a unique dataset of offshore wind climatology at 1-km posting from a decade of NASA QuikSCAT satellite scatterometer data. High-resolution scatterometer results, as close as 10-15 km to shore, are compared with model patterns of the National Renewable Laboratory (NREL) wind density classes to show potential areas for wind energy development in near-shore waters. High-resolution wind atlases can be made for various science studies and practical applications.
PD48-12 METHOD OF DETECTING BLADDER CANCER BY OPTICAL ANALYSIS OF BODILY FLUIDS (2017)

You have accessJournal of UrologyBladder Cancer: Non-invasive III1 Apr 2017PD48-12 METHOD OF DETECTING BLADDER CANCER BY OPTICAL ANALYSIS OF BODILY FLUIDS Danny Rabah Danny RabahDanny Rabah More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.02.2360AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Cystoscopy remains the main stay of surveillance employed for the follow up of Bladder cancer patients. The present study aims to provide a new detection method which is completely non-invasive, does not require additional surgery, and which is more accurate than visual inspection techniques, using a new photodynamic diagnostic procedure to quantify certain cancer specific biomarker called Porphyrin, which selectively binds on to the bladder cancer tissues. METHODS Twenty bladder cancer patients and twenty healthy controls (all confirmed by cystoscopy) were invited to participate in the current clinical trial (NCT02101931), where 5 mg of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) per kilogram body weight were administered for each subject. ALA gets metabolized into certain types of porphyrins which selectively bind on to the tumor tissues (for a longer time than the normal tissues which is two hours). At two hour intervals after administration, blood and urine sample were collected from the patients and were optically analyzed to measure a concentration of porphyrin therein. Optical analysis is performed by laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy using a blue diode laser with a power rating about 100 mW and a wavelength of 405 nm. RESULTS The laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy results for the detected porphyrin in the blood and urine samples shows that approximately 90% of porphyrin were eliminated through urine for a healthy person after four hours. However, in cancer patients' blood and urine samples, the prophyrin were retained up to eight hours, which indicates that healthy controls shows low signal intensity than bladder cancer patients in both urine (Fig 1) and blood (Fig 2) samples. CONCLUSIONS The present technique offers a viable, easy and reliable tool for diagnosis and continual monitoring of disease regression through blood and urine, based on optical analysis. Further studies on a large scale are warranted for conformation of these results. © 2017FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 197Issue 4SApril 2017Page: e905-e906 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2017MetricsAuthor Information Danny Rabah More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Repairing Reed-Solomon Codes Over $GF(2^\ell)$ (2019)

We provide a detailed algorithm to repair a single node failure in an (n, k) Reed-Solomon code over GF(2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ℓ</sup> ) with repair bandwidth ℓ/a (n - 1)(a-s), for any integers a, s such that a|ℓ, 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">a</sup> ≥ n + 1, 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sup> ≤ n-k. We present the constructions of necessary lookup tables for the repair. The storage overhead and the repair complexity of our algorithm are also analyzed. The algorithm can be applied to the (14, 10) Reed-Solomon codes over GF(2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> ), which is a modification of the code in Facebook's f4 system, and reaches the lowest repair bandwidth among the existing schemes to the best of our knowledge. The algorithm can be generalized to other codes, including the ones based on Yahoo Object Store and Baidu's Atlas.
Fast balancing method for an AC bridge based on a novel phase matching technique (2016)

Purpose Development of a method of balancing an AC bridge with minimum computation time. The applications envisioned are in power system monitoring and sensing Design/methodology/approach The method is based on a recursive algorithm, first matching the phase followed by that of amplitude. Each phase step requires three samples per steps.Voltage matching is based on halving the range of measured amplitudes in each step, resulting in an n-step recursive algorithm. Findings Computation is minimal - only requires 4 phase matching steps for an error of 1º. Further steps improve on this error. Matching of amplitude is equally fast. The resolution in amplitude is directly proportional to the number of steps. An example and experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the method. Research limitations/implications Balancing of AC bridges in conjunction with automated measurement systems is a fairly complex process requiring either extensive computation or dedicated hardware (tunable devices, microprocessors, etc.). The current method is recursive and very light on computation. This means the method can be used in sensing systems where neither extensive hardware nor computational resources are readily available. Practical implications The method has been developed for power line AC impedance sensing as part of a power line monitoring system. It is however a general method that can be used in any AC bridge application. Originality/value The methods used as well as the implementation are entirely original. These have been developed as part of a research in instrumentation of power line monitoring.
Identification of a receptor candidate for the carboxyl-terminal cell binding domain of thrombospondins. (1994)

The carboxyl-terminal cell binding domain (CBD) of thrombospondin-1 (TS1) contains two cell attachment peptides, 4N1s (RFYVVMWK) and 7N3 (FIRVVMY-EGKK), which share the sequence VVM. These peptides, and more soluble derivatives have been radiolabeled with 125I and used in conjunction with a variety of membrane impermeant cross-linking reagents to identify and characterize receptor candidates on several cell types. All of the VVM containing peptides tested with five different cross-linking reagents specifically labeled a 52-kDa protein, which was also affinity labeled by the recombinant TS1 CBD. After cross-linking peptide to K562 cells to block the 52-kDa protein, both cell adhesion to and affinity labeling by VVM peptides were inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner. Peptide labeling, like cell adhesion, was partially inhibited by heparin and stimulated by EDTA. The 52-kDa protein did not appear to contain sulfated glycan chains and was trypsin sensitive. It was recovered in a membrane fraction and was readily solubilized with Triton X-100 and X-114. Upon phase separation of the Triton X-114, the 52-kDa protein partitioned into the hydrophobic detergent phase. The detergent-solubilized receptor candidate bound selectively to wheat germ agglutinin-Sepharose, and after cell surface labeling with a membrane impermeant biotinylating reagent, bound to streptavidin-Sepharose. Furthermore, fluorescent beads covalently derivatized with peptide specifically decorated intact K562 cells. Thus the properties of the 52-kDa protein are consistent with those of a receptor for the CBD of TS1 and other TS isoforms.
Sensitivity analysis of Kalman Filter based capacity estimation for electric vehicles (2015)

In this paper, a sensitivity analysis of Kalman Filter based capacity estimation for electric vehicle batteries is performed. In order to represent different user driving behaviours a random drive cycle data generator is introduced and used in the analysis. An asymmetric equivalent circuit is used for both data generation and estimation. Different aspects and sources of measurement and modeling error are introduced to investigate their impact on accuracy. It is demonstrated the nonlinear nature of the open circuit voltage and modeling errors of its curvature are among the greatest sources of estimation error. Additional analysis to study effects of error resulting from measurement error, discretization, and smoothing are also presented.
Surpassing Fundamental Limits of Oscillators Using Nonlinear Resonators (2013)

In its most basic form an oscillator consists of a resonator driven on resonance, through feedback, to create a periodic signal sustained by a static energy source. The generation of a stable frequency, the basic function of oscillators, is typically achieved by increasing the amplitude of motion of the resonator while remaining within its linear, harmonic regime. Contrary to this conventional paradigm, in this Letter we show that by operating the oscillator at special points in the resonator's anharmonic regime we can overcome fundamental limitations of oscillator performance due to thermodynamic noise as well as practical limitations due to noise from the sustaining circuit. We develop a comprehensive model that accounts for the major contributions to the phase noise of the nonlinear oscillator. Using a nanoelectromechanical system based oscillator, we experimentally verify the existence of a special region in the operational parameter space that enables suppressing the most significant contributions to the oscillator's phase noise, as predicted by our model.
Experimental Investigation on Flow and Mixing in Rotating Microfluidics (2010)

Mixing in rotational micro-chamber has been carried out both experimentally and numerically with intent of improving mixing in viscous dominated microfluidics. In experiment, an enclosed chamber made of machined PMMA cut-out with a PDMS cover was set-up on the rotational platform. Different geometries of the chamber (on the order of several mm) with constant height yet different angular span 5, 10, 15, 20 deg. and radial extents 1.5 and 3 mm were used in the tests. While the two different dyes each occupying half of the chamber took a long time (e.g. nearly 40 minutes for a 20-degree span chamber with inner and outer radii, respectively, 35 and 36.5 mm and height 0.5 mm) for mixing by molecular diffusion in the chamber, faster mixing (about 2.5 minute) can be achieved under continuous acceleration and deceleration rotation with a linear rate of 25 rad/s2. The time for mixing per unit volume (Specific Mixing Time - SMT) was determined experimentally as a function of geometry. The SMT increases with increasing vorticity strength as a result of increasing size of the rotating chamber and/or increasing the magnitude of the linear acceleration and deceleration rates. Mixing is also studied by numerical simulation of the tested geometry. Comparing with the experiments, we found good agreement for the SMT between test results and numerical model for small-angled chamber while the numerical model seems to under-estimate the SMT for large-angled chamber. Further, we have also verified qualitatively in the experiment the flow pattern of the primary vortex in the radial-azimuthal plane responsible, to a large extent, for mixing in the chamber. Two approaches have been taken to observe and confirm the primary vortex being set up by continuous acceleration-and-deceleration of the chamber. The first approach adopted color tracing with two miscible dyed liquids, and the second approach used neutrally buoyant particles to trace fluid particle flow in the rotating chamber.
Active optical zoom for laser communication (2005)

Changing the field-of-view of a laser communication system in real-time without mechanical motion could significantly improve signal strength and reduce drop out rates. By incorporating active elements into the optical design, we have designed and demonstrated imaging systems that are capable of variable effective focal lengths with no macroscopic moving parts (i.e. active optical zoom). This technique, in which the active optics serve as variable focal-length lenses, could easily be applied to laser communication systems to improve capability. The key to this concept is to create relatively large changes in the field-of-view of the system with very small changes in the focal lengths of individual elements by leveraging the optical power of conventional optical elements surrounding the active optics. By appropriately designing the optical system, these variable focal-length lenses can provide the flexibility necessary to change the overall system focal length, and therefore field-of-view, that is normally accomplished with mechanical motion in conventional zoom systems.
Abstract 19653: Therapeutic Potential of Long Ultrasound Tone Bursts in Microbubble-Ultrasound Mediated Therapeutics: Mechanistic Insights Using High Speed Imaging (2012)

Background: Microbubble (MB)-Ultrasound (US) assisted therapy has been shown to restore perfusion in myocardial infarction (sonothrombolysis). Due to a presumption that MBs under high acoustic pressure do not persist after long acoustic cycles, most schemes of US-assisted therapy utilize a very short US pulse (a few acoustic cycles) when a high US pressure is used. However, we have recently observed enhanced in vitro sonothrombolytic effect using MBs and very long US pulses, at high acoustic pressures. We therefore sought to explore the actual fate of MBs during a long acoustic cycle exposure by visual observation of MB acoustic behaviors at varying pulse lengths. Methods: MB behaviors were optically observed during long US tone burst excitation using an ultra-high speed imaging system that allows microscopic visualization of MB cavitation. The system is capable of capturing 128 frames at up to 25 million frames per second (Mfps). Long US tone bursts (up to 5,000 acoustic cycles) at 1 MHz and various pressures (0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 MPa) were used to study the dynamic behavior of both lipid and polymer MBs in a 200-µm diameter cellulose tubing. Results: High speed movies of the MBs during long tone burst excitation showed that MBs first underwent inertial cavitation then formed gas-filled aggregates that continued to oscillate. The locations of the aggregates were random due to the dynamic nature of MB destruction. Figure 1 shows still frames of a high speed movie (5 Mpfs) of polymer MBs 1,000 acoustic cycles into a long tone burst at 1.5 MPa: MB aggregates continued to oscillate, break up, and new aggregates were formed. Conclusion: These data show for the first time that MBs survive as aggregates that continue to oscillate with large amplitude during a long tone burst, demonstrating the therapeutic potential for US-assisted therapy. This discovery suggests that long acoustic cycles have additional therapeutic effect for MB-US assisted therapies such as sonothrombolysis.
Quantum lithography (2002)

Summary form only given. Roughly every eighteen months the number of transistors which fit on a micro-chip doubles. This has become to be known as Moore's Law. For years, this law has been correct, not in the least because the computer industry uses it as a production target. However, can this explosive increase in computing power be sustained in the future?. Computer manufacturers use optical lithography to print transistors on micro-chips. Since classical light cannot resolve features which are smaller than its wavelength, these transistors have a minimum size. It thus seems that the miniaturisation race does have to finish. However, this barrier turns out to be very much a classical barrier. The rules of nature all change when we exploit quantum effects. In collaboration with researchers from JPL in California we have developed a method called quantum lithography. It can be used to break through the miniaturisation barrier by using entangled photons. Currently, the method is still theoretical, but experimental progress is being made towards a full implementation of quantum lithography.
Scaling of terahertz radiation via optical rectification in electro-optic crystals (1995)

We report on the scalability of generating terahertz radiation by optical rectification with the electro-optic materials LiNbO3, LiTaO3, and dimethyl amino 4-N-methylstilbazolium tosylate (DAST). A Ti:sapphire laser system, producing 215 fs, 20 mJ pulses at 810 nm, was used for the experiment. Using LiNbO3 and LiTaO3, the peak of the generated terahertz electric field was found to scale linearly with increasing optical fluence for fluences up to 60 mJ/cm2, while with DAST the peak field scaled sublinearly in this fluence range.
Discovery of a Potent and Selective Covalent Inhibitor of Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase with Oral Anti-Inflammatory Activity (2021)

Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase that plays a critical role in the activation of B cells, macrophages, and osteoclasts. Given the key role of these cell types in the pathology of autoimmune disorders, BTK inhibitors have the potential to improve treatment outcomes in multiple diseases. Herein, we report the discovery and characterization of a novel potent and selective covalent 4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-3<i>H</i>-1-thia-3,5,8-triazaacenaphthylene-2-carboxamide BTK inhibitor chemotype. Compound <b>27</b> irreversibly inhibits BTK by targeting a noncatalytic cysteine residue (Cys481) for covalent bond formation. Compound <b>27</b> is characterized by selectivity for BTK, potent <i>in vivo</i> BTK occupancy that is sustained after it is cleared from systemic circulation, and dose-dependent efficacy at reducing joint inflammation in a rat collagen-induced arthritis model.
An update on polymer-lipid hybrid systems for improving oral drug delivery (2019)

The potential of PLH systems has been clearly identified; however, improved understanding of the structure-activity relationship between PLH systems and oral absorption is fundamental for translating this promising delivery approach into a clinically relevant formulation. Advancing research within this field to identify optimal polymer, lipid combinations and engineering conditions for specific therapeutics are therefore encouraged.