gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: S‐Acyl Derivatives of Benzothiazole‐2‐thiol: A Convenient Method for the Synthesis of Amides and Carbamates. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Predictability of low‐density lipoprotein levels during apheretic treatment of hypercholesterolemia (1991)

The efficiency and efficacy of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis performed with a dextran sulphate cellulose (DSC) regenerating unit were tested in five familial hypercholesterolaemic patients. LDL apheresis was repeated four times at both bi-weekly and weekly intervals, processing one plasma volume each time. The efficiency of the procedure (i.e., the extent of lipoprotein removal) was nearly identical with both schedules. Efficacy parameters, i.e., decreases of plasma total and LDL cholesterol (TC and LDL-C) and apo B, were highly correlated (r greater than 0.96) with preapheresis levels, allowing an accurate prediction of the absolute lipid removal in the single individual. Plasma triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apo A-I and apo A-II recovered rather rapidly, reaching 91-96% of the pre-apheresis values in 48 hours; the recovery of TC, LDL-C and apo B was much slower, with a relatively rapid early phase (80% recovery after about 7 days) followed by a successive slower rise. This pattern was highly reproducible in the single patient, allowing the definition of a simple mathematical model for an accurate (error less than 20%) prediction of the individual process. Based on this model one can design the treatment schedule necessary to maintain lipid levels within the desired range in the single individual. The hypolipidaemic efficacy of DSC apheresis appears, otherwise, not to be dependent upon the procedure per se, but on other individual factors, e.g. the amount of removable lipoproteins and the rate of lipid recovery; both can be predicted with sufficient accuracy.
NOTCH1 is a poor prognostic factor for breast cancer and is associated with breast cancer stem cells (2016)

Recently, the human gene <i>NOTCH1</i> has been found to be implicated in cancer cell metastasis and the maintenance of cancer stem cells. However, for breast cancer in particular, an association between NOTCH1 levels and metastasis has not been determined. In this study, we investigated the expression status and correlation of NOTCH1 with clinically important factors related to metastasis and the cancer stem cell marker ALDH1. NOTCH1 and ALDH1 levels in 115 tumor tissues from primary lesions were determined by immunohistochemical staining. Most tissues were stained positive for both NOTCH1 and ALDH1, and NOTCH1 positivity was significantly associated with ALDH1 levels. NOTCH1 levels were significantly associated with TNM stage, metastasis, and triple-negative breast cancer. Moreover, both univariate and multivariate regression analyses revealed that basal-like features and NOTCH1 positivity were associated with disease-free survival as independent predictors. These analyses indicated that breast cancer patients testing positive for NOTCH1 had shorter disease-free survival. Our findings suggest that NOTCH1 may be involved in metastasis and is closely correlated with breast cancer stem cells.
Etching-dependent reproducible memory switching in vertical SiO2 structures (2008)

Vertical structures of SiO2 sandwiched between a top tungsten electrode and conducting nonmetallic substrate were fabricated by dry and wet etching methods. Both structures exhibit similar voltage-controlled memory behaviors, in which short voltage pulses (1 μs) can switch the devices between high- and low-impedance states. Through the comparison of current-voltage characteristics in structures made by different methods, filamentary conduction at the etched oxide edges is most consistent with the results, providing insights into similar behaviors in metal/SiO/metal systems. High ON/OFF ratios of over 104 were demonstrated.
Chromatic encoding: a low power encoding technique for digital visual interface (2004)

This paper presents a low-power encoding technique, called chromatic encoding, for the digital visual interface standard (DVI), a digital serial video interface. Chromatic encoding reduces power consumption by minimizing the transition counts on the DVI. This technique relies on the notion of tonal locality, i.e., the observation - first made in this paper - that the signal differences between adjacent pixels in images follow a Gaussian distribution. Based on this observation, an optimal code assignment is performed to minimize the transition counts. Furthermore, the three-color channels of the DVI may be reciprocally encoded to achieve even more power saving. The idea is that given the signal values from the three-color channels, one or two of these channels are encoded by reciprocal differences with a number of redundant bits used to indicate the selection. The channel selection problem is formulated as a minimum spanning tree problem and solved accordingly. The proposed technique requires only three redundant bits for each 24-bit pixel. Experimental results show up to a 75% power reduction in the DVI.
Honeypot based signature generation for defense against polymorphic worm attacks in networks (2013)

With the growing sophistication of computer worms, information security has become a prime concern for individuals, community and organizations. Traditional signature based IDS, though effective for known attacks but failed to handle the unknown attack promptly. This paper describes a novel honeypot system which capture worm based on their characteristics of self replication. We introduce combination of unlimited and limited outbound connections to capture different payload of single or multiple worms. The proposed system isolate the suspicious traffic and able to effectively control the malicious traffic and capture most useful information regarding the worm's activities, without attacker's knowledge. Our system will be used for critical study of structure and behavior of most sophisticated worms and then forwards the necessary input to Signature Generation Module for automatically generating signature of unknown worms. Our attempt is to generate signature of unknown especially polymorphic worms with low false positive and high coverage. Our system is able to enhance the capability of IDS signature library and increases the probability of detecting most variant of unknown worms.
Lactose‐containing hydrogels for enzyme stabilization (2016)

ABSTRACT A lactose‐containing monomer, N ‐(2‐lactosylethyl)acrylamide, was synthesized and polymerized with N ‐hydroxyethyl acrylamide and 1 wt % of N , N '‐methylenebis(acrylamide) and potassium persulfate as the initiator to produce hydrogels. The weight percent of N ‐(2‐lactosylethyl)acrylamide were increased from 0 to 100% in increments of 10%. Hydrogels were successfully produced with up to 90 wt % of N ‐(2‐lactosylethyl)acrylamide. Gelation was confirmed by inverted vial tests and rheology measurements. The as‐prepared hydrogels were used for papain stabilization against heat burden and papain that was loaded into hydrogels showed 45% more activity after heating as compared to papain that was heated without hydrogel stabilization. This hydrogel stabilization technique has potential applications in preserving enzyme activity. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54 , 2507–2514
BWT-based efficient shape matching (2007)

Effective shape-based image retrieval requires an appropriate representation of object shape contours. Such a representation should be invariant under certain transformations, such as those due to rotation, scaling, partial occlusion, noise in the image, or changes in the viewing geometry. Given a shape boundary, we decompose it into primitive shape segments that capture the saliency of object parts, and perform retrieval based on the primitives. Motivated by the sorted contexts of the Burrows-Wheeler Transform, we present an algorithm for efficient shape matching, suitable for large-scale shape databases, when the shape boundaries are represented as a sequence of shape primitives. Given a query shape, the algorithm can locate all the potential areas in the database where a match could occur in time that is logarithmic with respect to the database size. The potential matches are then verified in time that is linear with respect to the number of potential matches. Performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated using both synthetic and real shape databases.
Shuttle-Type Passive Control System for Pressure Pipeline Conveying (2011)

In this paper, we compare the shuttle type passive control system and the existing technology in detail firstly, what is called passive control is a technology which the passive shuttle control system relies on the energy from the system itself or our natural cycle, such as the gravity flow, the pressure flow, the pressure difference to achieve self-regulation and control without other outside power and active devices. And then we introduce the new shuttle type control units including shuttle type return valve, shuttle-type exhaust and air-adding valve, and the adjustable difference flow pressure safeguard and their applications using several examples, which shows that the shuttle type control series valves are latest best choice for the modern pipeline conveying engineering with simple frame, lost cost and high reliability.
Digital Predistortion Feasibility Studies for Multicarrier Satellite Communication Systems (2013)

The increasing use of high-order modulations and forward error-correcting coding leads to improved spectral efficiency on satellite communication links. Such improvements reduce signal satellite transponder bandwidth requirements and permit the consideration of multiple-carrier-per-transponder operation, an approach that offers increased efficiency to the network operator but introduces new challenges to maintaining acceptable signal quality. Nonlinear effects in the satellite channel can severely degrade multicarrier signal performance and weaknesses exist in current satellite channel linearization techniques. This paper will investigate the feasibility of adapting advanced digital predistortion techniques from the terrestrial communications field and applying them to the linearization of a multicarrier satellite communications system.
Characteristics of an oviductal glycoprotein and its potential role in fertility control. (1997)

At the time of ovulation the lining epithelium of the mammalian oviduct consists of columnar ciliated and secretory cells. These mature cells are dependent on ovarian steroids in carnivores. Oestradiol induces differentiation of these cells and maintains their mature functional state, and progesterone induces dedifferentiation. The secretory cells synthesize and secrete an oestrogen-dependent high molecular weight glycoprotein. The cDNAs encoding oviductal glycoproteins from several species have been sequenced and show high similarity. The human cDNA hybridized with a single message on northern blots of total oviduct RNA obtained from oestradiol-treated cats (about 2.3 kb) and dogs (about 2.1 kb). This glycoprotein is the major nonserum protein present in the oviductal lumen at the time of ovulation, fertilization and early embryonic development. The glycoproteins associate with the zona pellucida of oviductal eggs in all species studied to date. Recent studies suggest that the bovine glycoprotein facilitates sperm capacitation and significantly increases the ability of bovine spermatozoa to fertilize bovine oocytes in vitro, that the hamster glycoprotein increases the sperm penetration rate of the zona pellucida by three times and that the human glycoprotein increases sperm binding to the zona pellucida by three times. All of the evidence for a biological function for this glycoprotein is derived from studies performed in several different species at reproductive stages before fertilization. The biological actions of this glycoprotein suggest a potential role for the glycoprotein in fertility control. Specifically, purified or recombinant glycoprotein may improve success in IVF procedures by enhancing binding of spermatozoa to the zona pellucida and improving fertilization rates. The glycoprotein may also be a potential immunocontraceptive target since antibodies generated against the oviductal glycoprotein may prevent fertilization by preventing binding of spermatozoa to the zona pellucida.
A Sotchastic Mesh Method for Pricing High-Dimensional American Options (1997)

High-dimensional pricing problems frequently arise with financial options (examples include basket options, outperformance options, interest-rate and foreign currency options) and real options. American versions of these options, i.e., where the owner has the right to exercise early, are particularly challenging to price. We present a new stochastic mesh method for pricing high-dimensional American options when there is a finite, but possibly large, number of exercise dates. The algorithm provides point estimates and confidence intervals and it converges to the correct values as the computational effort increases. Computational evidence is given which indicates the viability of the method.
Scalable Video Coding for Vision Based Subway Platform Monitoring System (2006)

The paper proposes a scalable video coding scheme for vision based subway platform monitoring system. The proposed scheme is designed for providing flexible video service among various display environments, such as displays of total traffic control, station employees and train driver and so on. The proposed scheme uses enhanced compatible coding scheme for predicting P- and B-types of pictures in the right-view sequence. It predicts matching block by interpolating both motion and disparity predicted macro-blocks. To provide flexible stereo video service, we define both temporally and spatially scalable layers for each eyes-view by using the concept of spatio-temporal scalability. The experimental results show the efficiency of proposed coding scheme by comparison with already known methods and the advantages of disparity estimation in terms of scalability overhead. According to the experimental results, we expect the proposed functionalities will play a key role in establishing highly flexible stereo video service for ubiquitous computing environment where devices and network connections are heterogeneous
Inhibiting Metastatic Breast Cancer Cell Migration via the Synergy of Targeted, pH-triggered siRNA Delivery and Chemokine Axis Blockade (2014)

Because breast cancer patient survival inversely correlates with metastasis, we engineered vehicles to inhibit both the C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and lipocalin-2 (Lcn2) mediated migratory pathways. pH-responsive liposomes were designed to protect and trigger the release of Lcn2 siRNA. Liposomes were modified with anti-CXCR4 antibodies to target metastatic breast cancer (MBC) cells and block migration along the CXCR4-CXCL12 axis. This synergistic approach--coupling the CXCR4 axis blockade with Lcn2 silencing--significantly reduced migration in triple-negative human breast cancer cells (88% for MDA-MB-436 and 92% for MDA-MB-231). The results suggested that drug delivery vehicles engineered to attack multiple migratory pathways may effectively slow progression of MBC.
Memories of the Future: New Insights into the Adaptive Value of Episodic Memory (2013)

OPINION article Front. Behav. Neurosci., 23 May 2013Sec. Learning and Memory Volume 7 - 2013 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2013.00047
Novel biotherapeutic devices: studies with stem cells, nanohybrid viral vectors and microcapsules for cardiovascular applications (2012)

Cardiovascular diseases are one of the major causes of death, particularly in the Western world. The main cause of this mortality is myocardial infarction (MI) followed by congestive heart failure. Most of these patients undergo bypass surgery or angioplasty followed by stenting to improve blood supply and oxygenation. Although stents are excellent in providing clinical benefits, they have serious disadvantages resulting in limited biocompatibility, thrombosis, and in-stent restenosis (ISR). On the other side, despite the promising early results with stem cell based myocardial therapy, harvesting and delivering autologous cells from elderly patients still poses logistic, economic, and timing constraints resulting in sub-optimal effects. This thesis aims to: 1) formulate superior cardiac implants for effective myocardial therapy using microencapsulated genetically modified xenogeneic adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells and 2) develop a new bioactive intravascular stent using baculovirus vector-containing polymeric microspheres impregnated on a polymeric stent surface to inhibit ISR. First, the thesis aims to develop suitable polymeric microcapsules for efficient myocardial transplantation of adipose stem cells. The preparation procedure, the structural and physical characteristics of the microcapsules were investigated and compared with earlier established microcapsule systems. Studies were performed in animal models with acute MI to evaluate the in vivo potential. Results show the feasibility of this system as a new class of therapeutic tool for cardiovascular applications which can enhance viable cell retention at transplant site, promote myocardial vasculogenesis, reduce scar area and attenuate progression of cardiac dysfunction. To further enhance the therapeutic efficacy, stem cells were genetically modified before microencapsulation with two newly developed nanohybrid gene delivery systems using angiogenic gene carrying insect cell-specific recombinant baculoviruses (Bac) and nanoparticles (NP). Taken together, the thesis highlights the advantages of using microencapsulated genetically modified stem cells and identifies Bac nanocomplexes as novel gene delivery systems with potential applications in direct gene therapy and combined stem cell-gene therapy.To achieve the second objective, the thesis attempts to enhance re-endothelialization of deployed stents while simultaneously inhibiting intimal hyperplasia by overexpression of VEGF angiogenic genes in the vasculature using novel baculovirus based stent. The prepared stents were characterized and optimized in vitro for favorable gene delivery procedure. Four months in vivo data from balloon denuded canine femoral artery confirmed the pre-clinical efficacy of the developed stent. Overall, this thesis highlights the immense potential of these therapeutic implants as the next generation of biomedical devices with wider applications in cardiovascular and related fields. Further studies will investigate their full potential for clinical trials.
Properties of a <i>Clostridium thermocellum</i> Endoglucanase Produced in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1986)

A cellulase gene of Clostridium thermocellum was transferred to Escherichia coli by molecular cloning with bacteriophage lambda and plasmid vectors and shown to be indentical with the celA gene. The celA gene product was purified from extracts of plasmid-bearing E. coli cells by heat treatment and chromatography on DEAE-Trisacryl. It was characterized as a thermophilic endo-beta-1,4-glucanase, the properties of which closely resemble those of endoglucanase A previously isolated from C. thermocellum supernatants. On sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis the enzyme purified from E. coli exhibited two protein bands with molecular weights of 49,000 and 52,000. It had a temperature optimum at 75 degrees C and was stable for several hours at 60 degrees C. Endoglucanase activity was optimal between pH 5.5 and 6.5. The enzyme was insensitive against end product inhibition by glucose and cellobiose and remarkably resistant to the denaturing effects of detergents and organic solvents. It was capable of degrading, in addition to cellulosic substrates, glucans with alternating beta-1,4 and beta-1,3 linkages such as barley beta-glucan and lichenan.
Materials for LIGA products (2002)

The LIGA process which is based on a combination of deep lithography and replication processes, allows one to generate three dimensional microstructures from metals, polymers, glasses and ceramic materials. Accordingly, application specific materials can be chosen for a wide variety of LIGA microdevices to be utilized for example in information and communication technology, chemical engineering, automation and robotics, environmental engineering and medical technology. Standard materials are various thermoplastic polymers, casting resins, ceramic powders for slurry casting and metals or metal alloys which can be electrodeposited from aqueous electrolytes. Recent development deals with new highly sensitive resists with chemical amplification for deep X-ray lithography, ceramic microstructures generated on the basis of preceramic polymers, and metals like aluminium which can be electrodeposited from nonaqueous electrolytes. Polymers with adjustable index of refraction or non-linear optical properties, biocompatible materials, soft and hard magnetic materials, amorphous metal alloys, high temperature and piezoelectric ceramics and many other materials are typical examples for application specific materials available for the LIGA process.
Aryltrimethylammonium trifluoromethanesulfonates as precursors to aryl [<sup>18</sup>F]fluorides: Improved synthesis of [<sup>18</sup>F]GBR‐13119 (1989)

Abstract Aromatic nucleophilic substitution of various trimethylammonium trifluoromethanesulfonates with [ 18 F]fluoride has been evaluated. Fluorinations were studied over a temperature range of 45–165°C, with decay corrected yields ranging from 20–80%. [ 18 F]GBR 13119, 1‐[2‐{(4‐[ 18 F]fluorophenyl)(phenyl)methoxy}ethyl]‐4‐(3‐phenylpropyl)piperazine, a potential radio‐tracer for the dopamine uptake system, has been prepared in no‐carrier‐added form from 4‐N,N,N,‐trimethylaniliniumphenylmethanone trifluoromethanesulfonate. Purification by solid‐phase techniques yielded the product in 20% decay corrected radiochemical yield and >98% radiochemical and chemical purity without HPLC.
Experimental study on current gain of BSIT (1986)

A means to improve the current gain h <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">FS</inf> of the BSIT in a high drain current region has been derived from an experimental study about the dependency of the h <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">FS</inf> versus drain current relationship on the channel width, the gate junction depth, and the impurity concentration in the n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> high-resistivity drain region. The BSIT, designed in this manner and including 9000 channels in a chip of 7 × 10 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , exhibits a current gain over 100 and high switching speeds, a rise time of 200 ns, a storage time of 200 ns and a fall time of 25 ns at a drain current of 50 A.
Robust irregular region matching based on inner product and exterior product (2010)

A great deal of descriptors for region matching have been proposed in last years. However, an extra step, fitting the irregular regions into fixed shapes, must be implemented in advance when constructing these descriptors on irregular regions. This fitting step can cause great errors, and thus will result in poor matching. Base on inner product and exterior product, this paper develops a method for constructing descriptors on irregular regions without any extra fitting steps. Experimental results prove that descriptors proposed in this paper can perform great and robust for irregular region matching.