gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
VBoom: Creating a Virtual Machine Real Estate Boom (2013)

Cloud providers sell identically configured virtual machines (VMs) for the same price. Customers purchasing these VMs expect that they perform similarly and are allocated the same amount of virtual resources. In practice, however, the real performance of identically provisioned VMs depends on the underlying hardware, i.e., how the hardware is configured, and how much shared resources are consumed by co-located VMs. As workloads often have different resource requirements (e.g., CPU or disk I/O bound), a physical machine can be a better host to one VM than another, and swapping the locations of the two VMs can improve the performance (or any other metrics) of both VMs. However, cloud providers are unlikely to offer a VM swapping service since it is a tacit admission of providing different quality of services while charging the same rate. We propose, VBoom, a cloud provider-agnostic system in which VMs can dynamically relocate themselves (via location swapping) in a cloud environment if the new location better serves the needs of the VM. We discuss technical and business benefits and challenges in building such a system. When location matters, we believe that through VBoom, real estate of virtual machines can be established in a completely market-driven fashion.
Rapid Test for Detection of Antibodies to Helicobacter pylori (1993)

Journal Article Rapid Test for Detection of Antibodies to Helicobacter pylori Get access G. Anderson, G. Anderson From Hycor Biomedical Inc., Garden Grove; and Los Angeles County-USC Medical Center, Los Angeles, California Reprints or correspondence: G. Anderson, Hycor Biomedical Inc., 7272 Chapman Avenue, Garden Grove, California 92641. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. M. Alemohammad, M. M. Alemohammad From Hycor Biomedical Inc., Garden Grove; and Los Angeles County-USC Medical Center, Los Angeles, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. J. Foley, T. J. Foley From Hycor Biomedical Inc., Garden Grove; and Los Angeles County-USC Medical Center, Los Angeles, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Colletti, A. Colletti From Hycor Biomedical Inc., Garden Grove; and Los Angeles County-USC Medical Center, Los Angeles, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Patel, A. Patel From Hycor Biomedical Inc., Garden Grove; and Los Angeles County-USC Medical Center, Los Angeles, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar C. P. Dooley C. P. Dooley From Hycor Biomedical Inc., Garden Grove; and Los Angeles County-USC Medical Center, Los Angeles, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 16, Issue Supplement_4, June 1993, Pages S416–S417, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/16.Supplement_4.S416 Published: 01 June 1993
Physical design refinement (2007)

Physical database design tools rely on a DBA-provided workload to pick an “optimal” set of indexes and materialized views. Such tools allow either creating a new such configuration or adding new structures to existing ones. However, these tools do not provide adequate support for the incremental and flexible refinement of existing physical structures. Although such refinements are often very valuable for DBAs, a completely manual approach to refinement can lead to infeasible solutions (e.g., excessive use of space). In this article, we focus on the important problem of physical design refinement and propose a transformational architecture that is based upon two novel primitive operations, called merging and reduction . These operators help refine a configuration, treating indexes and materialized views in a unified way, as well as succinctly explain the refinement process to DBAs.
A family of adders (2003)

Binary carry-propagating addition can be efficiently expressed as a prefix computation. Several examples of adders based on such a formulation have been published, and efficient implementations are numerous. Chief among the known constructions are those of Kogge and Stone and Ladner and Fischer. In this work we show that these are end cases of a large family of addition structures, all of which share the attractive property of minimum logical depth. The intermediate structures allow trade-offs between the amount of internal wiring and the fanout of intermediate nodes, and can thus usually achieve a more attractive combination of speed and area/power cost than either of the known end-cases. Rules for the construction of such adders are given, as are examples of realistic 32b designs implemented in an industrial Ou25 CMOS process.
<title>JTV: Java-enabled television</title> (1998)

This paper provides a general overview of the capabilities provided by the JTV API. The JTV API defines an extension of Java and the Java Media Framework for TV-centric devices and services. This API enables programmers to develop and distribute interactive applications and applets that combine the power of Java with both enhanced broadcast and interactive television content. JTV provides an open Java- based platform for developers of set-top and TV software.
Mercury cadmium telluride focal-plane array detection for mid-infrared Fourier-transform spectroscopic imaging (1997)

By combining step-scan Fourier-transform Michelson interferometry, an infrared microscope, and mercury cadmium telluride focal-plane array image detection we have constructed a mid-infrared spectroscopic imaging system that simultaneously records high-fidelity images and spectra of materials from 3500 to 900 cm(-1) (2.8 to 11 microm) at a variety of spectral resolutions. The fidelity of the spectral images is determined by the pixel number density of the focal-plane array. Step-scan imaging principles and instrument design details are outlined. Spatial resolution measurements and infrared chemical imaging examples are presented, and the results are discussed with respect to implications for chemical analysis of biosystems and composite materials.
Embedded conductors by electrochemical planarization (1989)

An electrochemical process is described for planarization of metal interconnect layers on integrated circuits and multichip modules. Electroplating is used to deposit metal over a patterned SiO/sub 2/ dielectric, followed by electropolishing to remove excess metal. Electropolishing simultaneously smooths and further flattens the surface. The process yields a planar surface with conductors embedded in the etched regions of the dielectric. It is shown that pulsed plating is superior to galvanostatic plating in this application. 12 refs., 6 figs.
Advanced Blade Sections for High Speed Propellers (2006)

As surface ships are required to achieve higher speeds to meet their mission requirements, many still have intermediate speed endurance requirements that necessitate higher efficiency than some high-speed propulsor options con provide. This effort looks into developing propellers with blade sections that have the efficiency characteristics of conventional submerged sub-cavitating propellers at low and inte1mediate speeds but can transition to the super-cavitating mode for highspeed operation without encountering thrust breakdown.
Ozone and UV – a tool for multi-barrier concepts in water treatment (2006)

The use of ozone and/or UV for water treatment processes is often a combination of an ozone and/or UV-step with additional treatment steps, e.g. biological treatment, flocculation, filtration and activated carbon. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an optimized combination of these different steps. This article will demonstrate the advantages presenting two examples for drinking water treatment and two examples for municipal wastewater treatment.
Improved quasi-orthogonal codes (2003)

Orthogonal codes are a class of space-time block codes that achieve full diversity, though at a loss of code rate. Such codes have simple single-symbol decoders. The code rate can be made higher by constructing quasi-orthogonal codes, which trade a small loss of performance for full rate coding. Typically, quasi-orthogonal codes perform the best when joint maximum likelihood (ML) decoding is used within subsets of the space-time codewords that are mutually orthogonal. We show that for a particular class of quasi-orthogonal codes, the interference which the subset of the symbols to be jointly decoded sees from other symbols is such that the signal to interference ratio remains constant for all channel realizations. Using the same constellation for all symbols in the subset reduces the minimum distance for such codes and results in a loss of performance. As a remedy to this problem, we introduce a rotation-based method that aims at maximizing the minimum distance in the space-time constellation. Numerical simulations show that significant improvements to previously reported results without rotation can be attained.
A new method to detect obstructive sleep apnea using fuzzy classification of time-frequency plots of the heart rate variability (2006)

This paper presents a new method of analyzing time frequency plots of heart rate variability to detect sleep disordered breathing from nocturnal ECG. Data is collected from 12 normal subjects (7 males, 5 females; age 46 +/- 9.38 years, AHI 3.75 +/- 3.11) and 14 apneic subjects (8 males, 6 females; age 50.28 +/- 9.60 years; AHI 31.21 +/- 23.89). The proposed algorithm uses textural features extracted from normalized gray-level co-occurrence matrices (NGLCM) of images generated by short-time discrete Fourier transform (STDFT) of the HRV. Thirty selected features extracted from 10 different NGLCMs representing four characteristically different gray-level images are used as inputs to 10 Fuzzy Logic Systems (FLS) Classifiers. Each FLS is trained and their outputs are combined using a weighed majority rule method. The mean training detection sensitivity, specificity and accuracy are 86.87%, 71.72%, and 79.29%, respectively. The mean testing detection sensitivity, specificity and accuracy are 83.22%, 68.54%, and 75.88%, respectively.
Optimization of large-scale fiber sensor arrays incorporating multiple optical amplifiers. Part II: pump power (1998)

For part I see, ibid., p. 218, 1998. We discuss how to minimize the pump power required for large-scale fiber sensor arrays employing erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) telemetry with respect to the number of amplifiers per bus, number of sensors per rung, and the gain per amplifier. For a large array, the pump power requirement is dominated by passive component losses along the array. We investigate several methods, including alternative array topologies, to reduce the power requirement while minimizing the impact on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We define an optimum topology which requires less than 1 W of 1480 nm pump power per bus to support 200 high sensitivity (1 /spl mu/rad//spl radic/(Hz)) sensors on a pair of fiber buses, a power requirement that is reasonable and attainable with available laser diodes.
Correction of stray light in spectrographs: implications for remote sensing (2005)

Spectrographs are used in a variety of applications in the field of remote sensing for radiometric measurements due to the benefits of measurement speed, sensitivity, and portability. However, spectrographs are single grating instruments that are susceptible to systematic errors arising from stray radiation within the instrument. In the application of measurements of ocean color, stray light of the spectrographs has led to significant measurement errors. In this work, a simple method to correct stray-light errors in a spectrograph is described. By measuring a set of monochromatic laser sources that cover the instrument's spectral range, the instrument's stray-light property is characterized and a stray-light correction matrix is derived. The matrix is then used to correct the stray-light error in measured raw signals by a simple matrix multiplication, which is fast enough to be implemented in the spectrograph's firmware or software to perform real-time corrections: an important feature for remote sensing applications. The results of corrections on real instruments demonstrated that the stray-light errors were reduced by one to two orders of magnitude, to a level of approximately 10<sup>-5</sup> for a broadband source measurement, which is a level less than one count of a 15-bit resolution instrument. As a stray-light correction example, the errors in measurement of solar spectral irradiance using a highquality spectrograph optimized for UV measurements are analyzed; the stray-light correction leads to reduction of errors from a 10 % level to a 1 % level in the UV region. This method is expected to contribute to achieving a 0.1 % level of uncertainty required for future remote-sensing applications.
Detection and motion estimation of moving objects based on 3D-warping (2011)

The detection of objects in the surrounding environment is a key functionality for every Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS). Otherwise, it is impossible to realize any kind of advanced assistance functionality as e.g. a Forward Collision Warning. Besides static obstacles that limit the drivable area, dynamic objects can even be more dangerous due to their ego-movement. Therefore, a detection and also motion estimation of moving objects in the surrounding is essential for every ADAS. In this contribution we present a novel way to detect moving objects only with 3D-measurements of the current surrounding environment that we called 3D-Warping. But we are not only able to detect but also to provide the direction and speed of moving objects in world coordinates. The method is generic and can be applied on any kind of depth sensor, as e.g. a stereo-camera, time-of-flight, and 3D-laser scanner.
Emergent Phenomena in Far-From-Equilibrium Magnetic Granular Ensembles at a Liquid-Air Interface (2009)

Remarkable nontrivially ordered self‐assembled structures are formed in ensembles of magnetic microparticles suspended at a liquid/air interface and energized by an alternating magnetic field. These dynamic structures emerge as a result of a competition between magnetic and hydrodynamic forces. Each structure (snake) is accompanied by a hydrodynamic vortex quadrupole. Under certain conditions snakes spontaneously break the symmetry of surface flows and turn into swimmers. Observed phenomena have been successfully described by a phenomenological model.
Dopamine Transporter Uptake Blockers (1997)

The dopamine transporter (DAT), a protein located on presynaptic nerve terminals (43,44,61), plays a major role in the reuptake of released dopamine. Uptake of DA is sodium- and chloride ion-, as well as temperature- and time-dependent, and is inhibited by a variety of compounds, including cocaine. Even though cocaine binds to several sites in the brain, only binding potencies at the DA site have been shown to correlate with the reinforcing properties of cocaine in animal models, which are the primary factors in its abuse. Thus, the DAT has been called a cocaine receptor (11,81) and may be the initial site responsible for producing cocaine’s drug reinforcement. The cDNA for the DAT has been cloned from rat (39,51,85), bovine (88), and human (91) brains. The hydrophobicity profile indicates 12 possible membrane-spanning regions with the amino and carboxy termini located intracellularly. The protein from human and rat brains contains three and four extracellular N-glycosylation sites, respectively (Fig. 1).
Devices using high T sub c superconductors (1991)

This patent describes a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) device operable at temperatures greater than 60{degrees} K. It comprises a layer of high T{sub c} superconducting material capable of exhibiting superconductivity at temperatures greater than 60{degrees} K., implanted regions of the layer having a sufficiently damaged structure that the implanted regions are nonsuperconducting, nonimplanted regions of the layer which have high T{sub c} superconductivity and form a superconductivity loop, wherein the implanted and nonimplanted regions have substantially coplanar surfaces, wherein the implanted regions constrict the width of the loop in at least two locations therein, the constriction being sufficient to form weak links at each of the locations, wherein the superconducting loop including the weak links operates as a DC SQUID device which electrical currents exist therein at temperatures greater than 60{degrees} K.
Signal processing techniques for synchronization of wireless sensor networks (2010)

Clock synchronization is a critical component in wireless sensor networks, as it provides a common time frame to different nodes. It supports functions such as fusing voice and video data from different sensor nodes, time-based channel sharing, and sleep wake-up scheduling, etc. Early studies on clock synchronization for wireless sensor networks mainly focus on protocol design. However, clock synchronization problem is inherently related to parameter estimation, and recently, studies of clock synchronization from the signal processing viewpoint started to emerge. In this article, a survey of latest advances on clock synchronization is provided by adopting a signal processing viewpoint. We demonstrate that many existing and intuitive clock synchronization protocols can be interpreted by common statistical signal processing methods. Furthermore, the use of advanced signal processing techniques for deriving optimal clock synchronization algorithms under challenging scenarios will be illustrated.
Loss of functional <scp>OPA</scp> 1 unbalances redox state: implications in dominant optic atrophy pathogenesis (2016)

Our study suggests that the pro-oxidative state induced by OPA1 loss may contribute to DOA pathogenesis and that differences in antioxidant defenses can explain the variability in expressivity. Furthermore, antioxidants may be used as therapy as they could prevent or delay DOA symptoms in patients.
Chiral fiber Bragg gratings (2004)

We have produced chiral fiber Bragg gratings with double-helix symmetry and measured the polarization and wavelength selective transmission properties of these structures. These gratings interact only with circularly polarized light with the same handedness as the grating twist and freely transmit light of the orthogonal polarization. The optical characteristics of chiral fibers are compared to those of planar cholesteric structures. The resonant standing wave at the band edge or at a defect state within the band gap, as well as the evanescent wave within the band gap is comprised of two counterpropagating components of equal amplitude. The electric field vector of such a circularly polarized standing wave does not rotate in time; rather it is linearly polarized in any given plane. The standing wave may be described in terms of the sense of circular polarization of the two counterpropagating components. The wavelength dependence of the angle q between the linearly polarized electromagnetic field and the extraordinary axis, which is constant throughout a long structure, is obtained in a simple calculation. The results are in good agreement with scattering matrix calculations. Resonant chiral gratings are demonstrated for microwave radiation whereas chiral gratings with pitch exceeding the wavelength are demonstrated at optical wavelengths in single-mode glass fibers. The different functionalities of these fibers are discussed.
Peptides Derived from HIV-1 Integrase that Bind Rev Stimulate Viral Genome Integration (2009)

The results of the present study raise the possibility that in HIV-infected cells, the Rev protein may be involved in the integration of proviral DNA by controlling/regulating the activity of the integrase. Release from such inhibition leads to stimulation of IN activity and multiple viral DNA integration events.
Handling syntactic constraints in a DTD-compliant XML editor (2003)

By exploiting the theories of automata and graphs, we propose algorithms and a process for editing valid XML documents [4][5]. The editing process avoids syntactic violations altogether, thus freeing the user from any syntactic concerns. Based on the proposed algorithms and process, we build an XML editor with forms as its user interface.
Gene-Enhanced Tissue Engineering (1999)

Periosteum has cell populations, including osteoprogenitor and chondroprogenitor cells, that can be grown in cell culture and form both bone and cartilage under appropriate conditions. The authors have shown previously that cultured periosteal cells can be used in the tissue engineering of bone, and they demonstrated substantial bone formation in a rabbit cranial defect model. In the current study, principles of tissue engineering were combined with principles of gene therapy to produce cultured periosteal cells transduced retrovirally with the bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7) gene to be used in the treatment of bone defects. Human BMP-7 complementary deoxyribonucleic acid was generated from a cell line using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and cloned into a retroviral vector plasmid. Retroviral vector particles were then used to transduce New Zealand White rabbit periosteal cells. Transduced periosteal cells demonstrated substantial production of both BMP-7 messenger ribonucleic acid by Northern blot analysis and BMP-7 protein by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. These cells were then seeded into polyglycolic acid (PGA) matrices and used to repair critical-size rabbit cranial defects. At 12 weeks, defect sites repaired with BMP-7-transduced periosteal cells/PGA had significantly increased radiographic and histological evidence of bone repair compared with those defect sites repaired with negative control-transduced cells/PGA, nontransduced cells/PGA, PGA alone, or unrepaired defects. Thus, this study demonstrates successfully a tissue engineering approach to bone repair using genetically modified cells. Breitbart AS, Grande DA, Mason JM, Barcia M, James T, Grant RT. Gene-enhanced tissue engineering: applications for bone healing using cultured periosteal cells transduced retrovirally with the BMP-7 gene. Ann Plast Surg 1999;42:488–495
Removal of phosgene impurity from boron trichloride by laser radiation (1977)

The removal of the COCl2 impurity in BCl3 can be accomplished by using CO2 laser radiation. Mixtures of BCl3 and COCl2, and C2H4 and COCl2, were irradiated by a cw CO2 laser. The COCl2 was dissociated with no detectable BCl3 dissociation. The BCl3 acts as an infrared sensitizer.
Studies on Production of Lipids in Fungi. XV. (1986)

The oil containing r-linolenic acid was extracted from fungi cells with supercritical carbon dioxide at 60°C. On the basis of the results obtained, the following conclusions were drawn : (1) the cell wall has to be destroyed prior to extraction, (2) carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide+entrainer such as ethanol or n-hexane are solvents in which this oil is quite easily dissolved, (3) the neutral lipid and fatty acid compositions of the extracted oil are essentially the same as those of the oil in fungi cells, and(4) carbon dioxide or carbon dioxide with entrainer extracts only neutral and not polar lipids.