gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
γδ T Cells as Regulators of Airway Hyperresponsiveness (2001)

Airway responsiveness (AR) is determined by complex mechanisms reflecting lung responses to airborne stimuli. Murine studies have identified a number of potential factors modulating AR and thus have contributed to the current understanding of these mechanisms. In allergic inflammation, immune cells, in particular alphabeta T cells, have emerged as important contributors to increased AR. We have found that in contrast to alphabeta T cells, gammadelta T cells can have a negative regulatory effect on AR. Here, we review the current studies on gammadelta T cells in allergic inflammation and discuss their role in modulating AR. We propose that gammadelta T cells exhibit different immune properties depending on the type of stimulus and inflammation. These differential immune properties appear to be associated with specific gammadelta T cell subsets, which control AR to airborne stimuli. In particular, our recent data indicate that the Vgamma4(+) T cell subset acts as an important negative regulator of AR and contributes to maintaining normal lung function in mice.
Using Taxonomy, Discriminants, and Signatures for Navigating in Text Databases (1997)

We explore how to organize a text database hierarchically to aid better searching and browsing. We propose to exploit the natural hierarchy of topics, or taxonomy, that many corpora,suchas internet directories, digital libraries, and patent databases enjoy. In our system, the user navigates through the query response not as a at unstructured list, but embedded in the familiar taxonomy, and annotated with document signatures computed dynamically with respect to where the user is located at any time. Weshowhowto update such databases with new documents with high speed and accuracy. Weuse techniques from statistical pattern recognition to e ciently separate the feature words or discriminants from the noise words at each node of the taxonomy. Using these, we build a multi-level classi er. At each node, this classi er can ignore the large number of noise words in a document. Thus the classi er has a small model size and is very fast. However, owing to the use of context-sensitive features, the classi er is very accurate. We report on experiences with the Reuters newswire benchmark, the US Patent database, and web document samples from Yahoo!. 1
Signal Processing Applications Of Wigner-Ville Analysis (1986)

The Wigner-Ville distribution (WVD), a form of time-frequency analysis, is shown to be useful in the analysis of a variety of non-stationary signals both deterministic and stochastic. The properties of the WVD are reviewed and alternative methods of calculating the WVD are discussed. Applications are presented.
Characterization of baculovirus-expressed herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein K (1994)

The DNA region encoding the complete herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) glycoprotein K (gK) was inserted into a baculovirus transfer vector, and recombinant viruses expressing gK were isolated. Four gK-related recombinant baculovirus-expressed peptides of 29, 35, 38, and 40 kDa were detected with polyclonal antibody to gK. The 35-, 38-, and 40-kDa species were susceptible to tunicamycin treatment, suggesting that they were glycosylated. The 38- and 40-kDa species corresponded to partially glycosylated precursor gK (pgK) and mature gK, respectively. The 29-kDa peptide probably represented a cleaved, unglycosylated peptide. The 35-kDa peptide probably represented a cleaved, glycosylated peptide that may be a precursor to pgK. Indirect immunofluorescence with polyclonal antibody to gK peptides indicated that the recombinant baculovirus-expressed gK was abundant on the surface of the insect cells in which it was expressed. Mice vaccinated with the baculovirus-expressed gK produced very low levels (< 1:10) of HSV-1 neutralizing antibody. Nonetheless, these mice were partially protected from lethal challenge with HSV-1 (75% survival). This protection was significant (P = 0.02). Despite some protection against death, gK-vaccinated mice showed no protection against the establishment of latency. Surprisingly, gK-vaccinated mice that were challenged ocularly with a stromal disease-producing strain of HSV-1 had significantly higher levels of ocular disease (herpes stromal keratitis) than did mock-vaccinated mice. In summary, this is the first report to show that vaccination with HSV-1 gK can provide protection against lethal HSV-1 challenge and that vaccination with an HSV-1 glycoprotein can significantly increase the severity of HSV-1-induced ocular disease.
Hybrid ARQ transmission and combining for MIMO systems (2004)

In this paper, we investigate several possibilities to increase the efficiency of hybrid automatic retransmission request (HARQ) for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems. At the receiver side, two HARQ combining schemes, namely pre-combining and post-combining, are discussed and analyzed. We show that pre-combining is superior to post-combining. In addition, we propose a transmission technique, termed the basis hopping, which improves the HARQ diversity gain especially in slow fading channels. We demonstrate that the use of pre-combining in conjunction with the proposed basis hopping technique provides dramatic gain over a simplistic application of HARQ scheme for MIMO.
Enterovirus molecular detection and typing (2005)

Cell culture and neutralization have been considered the gold standard for enterovirus detection and identification for more than 50 years, but molecular amplification technologies are rapidly replacing the traditional methods in clinical and public health laboratories. Assays based on reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction or nucleic acid sequence-based amplification may be used to detect enterovirus genome in all types of clinical specimens. More recently, nucleotide sequence has been used as a surrogate for antigenic typing (determination of serotype) by targeting parts of the enterovirus capsid-coding region that contain serotype-specific neutralization epitopes. This review will describe the molecular methods currently being used to diagnose enterovirus infection and disease, starting with the broadest level (family/genus detection) and proceeding through species/serotype identification to genotyping and molecular epidemiology. The commonly used molecular assays are usually more sensitive and more specific than cell culture and antigenic typing. They can reduce the turnaround time for testing of clinical diagnostic specimens to a clinically relevant timeframe and should supplant culture/neutralization as the gold standard in the near future. However, further evaluation and, in particular, more rigorous validation are required before a molecular diagnostic standard can be established.
Potassium strontium iodide: A new high light yield scintillator with 2.4% energy resolution (2013)

A new ternary metal halide scintillator, potassium strontium iodide, activated with divalent europium (KSr <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> :Eu) has been discovered. This material has a monoclinic crystal structure with a density of 4.39 g/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . Differential scanning calorimetry indicates a congruent melting point of 471°C and suggests that this compound has no solid-solid phase transitions. As is the case with most metal halides, the material is hygroscopic, and it has some internal radioactivity due to the presence of <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">40</sup> K. Single crystals of 13 and 25 mm diameter of KSr <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> doped with 4% Eu <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2+</sup> were grown in evacuated quartz ampoules via the Bridgman technique. X-ray excited emission consisted of a single peak at ~452 nm due to the 5d-4f transition in Eu <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2+</sup> . The measured light yield is ~94,000 photons/MeV with an energy resolution of 2.4% at 662 keV.
MicroRNAs Control Gene Expression (2008)

Growing evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in a variety of basic biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, stress response, hematopoesis, and oncogenesis. In fact, bioinformatic analysis predicts that each miRNA may regulate hundreds of targets, suggesting that miRNAs may play roles in almost every biological pathway. Information from recent studies indicate that miRNAs are involved in the regulation of cardiac development and pathophysiology. Notably, knockout of miRNA-1 was associated with cardiac defects, including regulation of cardiac morphogenesis, electrical conduction, and cell cycle control. Our group has identified a critical role of miRNA-1 and miRNA-133 in determining cardiac hypertrophy and has shown an inverse correlation of expression with cardiac hypertrophy, in vitro, in murine models and in human disease states associated with cardiac hypertrophy. Remarkably, in vivo experiments with a single infusion of antagomir-133 oligonucleotide, a small cholesterol-conjugated RNA sequence suppressing endogenous miRNA, induced marked and sustained cardiac hypertrophy. Shedding light on the role of this new class of RNA molecules in heart physiology and pathology may reveal possible future therapeutic applications for the treatment of heart diseases.
Maternal-fetal transfer of ionized serum magnesium during the stress of labor and delivery: a human study. (1995)

The observation that UAS levels of IMg2+ and TMg were similar to the MVS levels on admission despite the fall in maternal levels during labor points to the presence of homeostatic mechanisms in the fetus and placenta. It is possible that the presence of a higher fraction of unbound, free magnesium in UVS enhances magnesium transport to the fetus and thus homeostasis. Finally, we hypothesize that the fall in the levels of the biologically active form of Mg during labor may be yet another manifestation of the known stress responses to labor.
Core/Shell Nanostructures: Etching‐Free Epitaxial Growth of Gold on Silver Nanostructures for High Chemical Stability and Plasmonic Activity (Adv. Funct. Mater. 34/2015) (2015)

An etching-free epitaxial growth method is developed to convert Ag nanostructures of various morphologies into their Ag@Au core/shell counterparts. Anisotropic ones such as nanoplates exhibit excellent plasmonic properties and chemical stability, as shown on page 5435 by C. Gao, Y. Yin and co-workers. As a result, the core/shell structures display high activity and reliability in many plasmon-based applications, such as chemical sensing by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.
A REAL-TIME, KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEM FOR GRADING CARCASS BEEF (1990)

ABSTRACT A knowledge-based system for grading carcass beef was developed in the 'C Language Integrated Production System (CLIPS) environment. This carcass beef grading system gets facts about the carcass as input from the meat grader through a computer keyboard or a voice recognition subsystem, and performs recognize-act cycles to deduce the USDA quality and yield grades of the carcass. This system, which was ported on a Compaq Deskpro 386 computer, processes each carcass for its grades in real time, i.e., the final results of grades are given within a fraction of a second after the inputs are completed. This is a much improved system compared to the system previously developed with the Personal Consultant Plus (PC+) expert system shell. The system in PC+ ported on the same computer required more than 10 seconds to process each carcass. This article presents the implementation of the system in CLIPS as it differs in its inferencing mechanism, interfacing with an external input device, and performance, from the previous system developed in PC+.
Continued progress in developing the Pig-a gene mutation assay (2015)

The Pig-a assay has shown promise as a regulatory assay for evaluating in vivo gene mutation. A recent International Workshop on Genotoxicity Testing workgroup discussed the state of the assay and identified several knowledge gaps in assay development. This Mutagenesis Special Topic includes a collection of reports that addresses some of these knowledge gaps, including identifying the mutations responsible for the Pig-a mutant phenotype, the effect of sex on the response, probing the robustness of the assay and expanding the number of agents tested in the assay, especially agents expected to yield negative responses.
Bioinspired locomotion and grasping in water: the soft eight-arm OCTOPUS robot (2015)

The octopus is an interesting model for the development of soft robotics, due to its high deformability, dexterity and rich behavioural repertoire. To investigate the principles of octopus dexterity, we designed an eight-arm soft robot and evaluated its performance with focused experiments. The OCTOPUS robot presented here is a completely soft robot, which integrates eight arms extending in radial direction and a central body which contains the main processing units. The front arms are mainly used for elongation and grasping, while the others are mainly used for locomotion. The robotic octopus works in water and its buoyancy is close to neutral. The experimental results show that the octopus-inspired robot can walk in water using the same strategy as the animal model, with good performance over different surfaces, including walking through physical constraints. It can grasp objects of different sizes and shapes, thanks to its soft arm materials and conical shape.
Catalytic enhancement of singlet oxygen production and optical gain in electric discharge oxygen-iodine laser systems (2011)

We are investigating catalytically enhanced production of singlet oxygen, O<sub>2</sub>(a1▵g), observed by reaction of O<sub>2</sub>/He discharge effluents over an iodine oxide film surface in a microwave discharge-flow reactor at 320 K. We have previously reported a two-fold increase in the O<sub>2</sub>(a) yields by this process, and corresponding enhancement of I(2P1/2) excitation and small-signal gain upon injection of I<sub>2</sub> and NO<sub>2</sub>. In this paper we review observed I* excitation behavior and correlations of the catalytically generated O<sub>2</sub>(a) with atomic oxygen over a large range of discharge-flow conditions to develop a conceptual reaction mechanism for the phenomena. We describe a first-generation catalytic module for the PSI supersonic MIDJet/EOIL reactor, and tests with this module for catalyst coating deposition and enhancement of the small-signal gain observed in the supersonic flow. The results present compelling evidence for catalytic production of vibrationally excited O<sub>2</sub>(X,v) and its participation in the I* excitation process. The observed catalytic effects could significantly benefit the development of high-power electrically driven oxygen-iodine laser systems.
A novel cavity ringdown heterodyne spectroscopy: 1/spl times/10/sup -10/ sensitivity with microwatt light power (2000)

Summary form only given. We present a novel technique in cavity ringdown spectroscopy that permits 1/spl times/10/sup -10/ absorption sensitivity with microwatt level light power. Heterodyne detection is employed between two alternating cavity modes, with one of them interacting with a molecular resonance.
Using IM and SMS for emergency text communications (2009)

Currently, text communication cannot be used to ask for help in emergency situations. Even in the Next Generation 9-1-1 system, an IP/SIP-based emergency communication system, there has been no investigation into how text communications such as Instant Messaging (IM) and Short Message Service (SMS) can be integrated. We identify the technical challenges in the integration of IM and SMS networks with the NG9-1-1 system, and propose a solution for each challenge. We also describe a working prototype system using our approach.
A Modified Raman Spectrometer to Measure Dissolved Gases in the Deep-Ocean (2008)

A novel Raman spectrometer will be presented which can record species such as 13CO2, 12CO2 at depths up to 5000 meters absolutely, with high spectral resolutions (0.1 cm−1), high precision isotope ratios (1%) within minutes.
Coherent photonic true-time-delay beamforming system for a phased array antenna receiver (2016)

Photonic true-time-delay (TTD) beamformers, as a microwave photonic technique, provide solutions to some important drawbacks of broadband wireless communication systems, radar and satellite communications. However, scalability limitations may arise when increasing the number of antennas. In this paper, a new concept of a photonic TTD beamforming network for phased array antennas (PAAs) is presented and its control system described. This photonic TTD beamformer relies on tunable optical delay lines (TODLs) implemented by Mach-Zehnder delay interferometers (MZDIs) with tunable coupling ratio, thus allowing the continuous tuning of the TODLs. Results show that the proposed TTD beamforming is scalable up to a considerable number of PAAs. In addition, its architecture is directly implementable in photonic integrated circuits.
Cysteine proteases as therapeutic targets: does selectivity matter? A systematic review of calpain and cathepsin inhibitors (2015)

Cysteine proteases continue to provide validated targets for treatment of human diseases. In neurodegenerative disorders, multiple cysteine proteases provide targets for enzyme inhibitors, notably caspases, calpains, and cathepsins. The reactive, active-site cysteine provides specificity for many inhibitor designs over other families of proteases, such as aspartate and serine; however, a) inhibitor strategies often use covalent enzyme modification, and b) obtaining selectivity within families of cysteine proteases and their isozymes is problematic. This review provides a general update on strategies for cysteine protease inhibitor design and a focus on cathepsin B and calpain 1 as drug targets for neurodegenerative disorders; the latter focus providing an interesting query for the contemporary assumptions that irreversible, covalent protein modification and low selectivity are anathema to therapeutic safety and efficacy.
Multisubstrate inhibitors of dopamine .beta.-hydroxylase. 1. Some 1-phenyl and 1-phenyl-bridged derivatives of imidazole-2-thione (1986)

The synthesis and characterization of some 1-(phenylalkyl)imidazole-2-thiones as a novel class of "multisubstrate" inhibitors of dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) are described. These inhibitors incorporate structural features that resemble both tyramine and oxygen substrates, and as evidenced by steady-state kinetics, they appear to bind both the phenethylamine binding site and the active site copper atom(s) in DBH. A series of structural congeners that incorporate different bridging chain lengths between the phenyl ring (dopamine mimic) and the imidazole-2-thione group (oxygen mimic) define the optimum distance for inhibitory potency and the likely intersite distance in the DBH active site. Additional bridging analogues were prepared to determine the active site bulk tolerance and the effects of heteroatom replacement.
Electrical stimulation and hydration to optimise meat quality. (2006)

\This article discusses research that was conducted to optimise new electrical-stimulation technologies and to elucidate the effects of pre-slaughter dehydration of lambs. A change in lamb processing to a focus on eating quality has increased the uptake of new electrical technologies. Our research was aimed at understanding how carcase response to electrical stimulation is affected by genotype, pulse-width, current, and frequency and time of stimulation. Although seven post-dressing electrical stimulation systems have been installed in abattoirs across Australia and two prototype pre-dressing systems and an immobiliser have been installed at a major export abattoir, more installations are needed. An indicator of animal dehydration status was developed and used at two commercial abattoirs. This study showed that a large percentage of lambs are dehydrated at the time of slaughter, which represents a potential cost to industry of $5 million annually. Although several compounds for prevention of pre-slaughter dehydration in lambs were tested, none were effective.
DETECTION AND SIZING OF FATIGUE CRACKS IN STEEL WELDS WITH ADVANCED EDDY CURRENT TECHNIQUES (2008)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation E. I. Todorov, W. C. Mohr, M. G. Lozev; DETECTION AND SIZING OF FATIGUE CRACKS IN STEEL WELDS WITH ADVANCED EDDY CURRENT TECHNIQUES. AIP Conf. Proc. 28 February 2008; 975 (1): 1058–1065. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2902549 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Multifunctional Clickable Reagents for Rapid Bioorthogonal Astatination and Radio‐Crosslinking (2019)

In the past decade, several developments have expanded the chemical toolbox for astatination and the preparation of <sup>211</sup>At-labeled radiopharmaceuticals. However, there is still a need for advanced methods for the synthesis of astatinated (bio)molecules to address challenges such as limited in vivo stability. Herein, we report the development of multifunctional <sup>211</sup>At-labeled reagents that can be prepared by applying a modular and versatile click approach for rapid assembly. The introduction of tetrazines as bioorthogonal tags enables rapid radiolabeling and radio-crosslinking, which is demonstrated by steric shielding of <sup>211</sup>At to significantly increase label stability in human blood plasma.
Upright piano with key action mechanism responsive to repetition without double strike and loss of sound (1995)

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Molecular Cloning, Expression, and Characterization of Chicken IFN -λ (2008)

Interferons (IFN) provide a critical first line of defense against viral infection in vertebrates. Moreover, IFN-lambda, a recently identified group of mammalian IFN, has demonstrated antiviral potential in the treatment of mammalian viruses. With the growing concern over such diseases as avian influenza (AI), there is a pressing need for new antiviral strategies to manage problem viruses in poultry. Furthermore, the use of immune molecules, such as IFN-lambda, provides an attractive option for treating poultry by augmenting the host response to virus. With this in mind, we report here the first cloning, expression, and analysis of biologic activity of chicken IFN-lambda (ChIFN-lambda). We compared the similarity of ChIFN-lambda to those identified in other species and demonstrate that ChIFN-lambda has antiviral properties similar to those of human IFN-lambda (HuIFN-lambda). Our results demonstrate that in the chicken, as in human, the antiviral activity demonstrated by ChIFN-lambda supports its inclusion in therapeutic strategies directed against viral infections.