gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of a poly(methyl methacrylate‐<i>co</i>‐<i>n</i>‐butyl methacrylate) copolymer binder system (1994)

Abstract Low molecular weight poly(methylmethacrylate) and poly(methylmethacrylate‐co‐ n ‐butylmethacrylate) emulsion‐based polymers are developed for use as fugitive binders of high temperature powders to be used with the rapid prototyping method known as selective laser sintering. Kinetics of the homopolymerization of methylmethacrylate and n ‐butyl‐methacrylate are found to deviate from Smith‐Ewart Type II predictions. Reactivity ratios for the monomer pair are determined and indicate the pair to yield random copolymers. Molecular weight was controlled by the addition of chain transfer agents. Several transfer agents were studied and one, iso ‐octyl‐3‐mercaptopropionate, was selected for use with emulsion polymerizations. Glass transition temperatures of the homopolymers and copolymers were studied. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Traffic shaping at a network node: theory, optimum design, admission control (2002)

This paper develops a framework of traffic shaping which has the goal of increasing the nodal connection-carrying capacity. The shaping filters are designed to interwork with statistical multiplexers which use FIFO buffers. Differences in delay tolerances between traffic classes are exploited to shape and smooth the less delay sensitive traffic. The source model used in the analysis is asynchronous, worst-case subject to dual leaky bucket regulation, where the asynchrony is due to the assumption of independent sources. This, together with the allowance of small loss probabilities, makes statistical multiplexing feasible. We require the shapers to be lossless so that losses, if any, occur only at the multiplexer. We obtain the optimal design of the shaper such that a given delay tolerance for the connection is satisfied. For purposes of admission control we obtain the admissible region of combinations of sources of various types such that the QoS requirements in loss and delay are satisfied. By examining the regions obtained with and without shaping we quantify the capacity gain from shaping. Our numerical results show that the gain can be substantial.
Antigen-specific T cell redirectors (ATR) for antigen-specific redirection of T cells to tumors (2014)

Meeting abstracts Immunotherapy is the modulation of a patient's immune system to treat illness. Unfortunately many T cell based attempts have failed due to the fact that existing tumor-specific T cells are mostly anergic or tolerized and ex vivo generated T cells are often already of exhausted
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Olefination of Benzaldehydes into Hydroxy Functionalized Oligo (p‐Phenylenevinylenes)s via Pd‐Catalyzed Heterodomino Knoevenagel‐Decarboxylation‐Heck Sequence and Its Application for Fluoride Sensing π‐Conjugated Units. (2010)

Abstract A series of 2‐ or 4‐hydroxy substituted benzaldehydes is converted into stilbene derivatives by a Knoevenagel‐decarboxylation‐Heck sequence.
Wideband optical parametric frequency comb applications in real-time signal processing (2015)

A set of phase-locked wideband optical parametric frequency combs are presented as a core of a photonics aided signal processor allowing for the real-time spectral analysis of a 10 Gbps data stream.
Selective protection of polymeric materials from effects of chemical etching (1989)

A photolithographic method for treating an article formed of polymeric material comprises subjecting portions of a surface of the polymeric article to ionizing radiation; and then subjecting the surface to chemical etching. The ionizing radiation treatment according to the present invention minimizes the effect of the subsequent chemical etching treatment. Thus, selective protection from the effects of chemical etching can be easily provided. The present invention has particular applicability to articles formed of fluorocarbons, such as PTFE. The ionizing radiation employed in the method may comprise Mg(k{alpha}) x-rays or low-energy electrons. 10 figs.
Respiratory Impedance following Bronchoscopic or Surgical Lung Volume Reduction for Emphysema (2005)

(1) Experimental emphysema following prolonged papain exposure progresses after cessation of treatment. (2) BLVR and LVRS produced equivalent lung and chest wall impedance responses at 3-month follow-up. (3) LVRS did not adversely affect chest wall impedance despite being associated with extensive pleural scarring.
Organic Arsenic Lipid Derivatives Are More Potent and Less Toxic Than Inorganic Arsenic Trioxide in Preclinical Testing. (2004)

Abstract Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is an inorganic arsenic derivative that is effective in patients with relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia. It is being investigated as therapy for other cancers but the risk/benefit ratio for its use still has to be determined due to its significant side effects. In contrast, organic arsenic derivatives are known to be much less toxic. We have synthesized a series of eight organic arsenic lipid derivatives and have tested them in NIH 60 cell line screen. Based on its activity, we selected GMZ27 [3-S-di(n-propyl)arsino-3-thio-1,2-propanediol] for further study in our laboratory and have confirmed its potent activity against human acute myeloid leukemia cell lines HL60 and NB4, which was significantly higher than that of arsenic trioxide. The IC50 (concentration that kills 50% of the cells) in MTS assay is 0.5 and 0.9 μm for GMZ27. Assessment of the mechanisms of action of GMZ27 in cell lines has shown that the GMZ27 was more potent inducer of superoxide than ATO. GMZ27 caused dissipation of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, cleavage of caspase 9, caspase 3 activation, PARP cleavage, and compromise in cell membrane integrity. However, its treatment also resulted in caspase 8 cleavage, suggesting that it affects both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathway. Its activity was related to the level of glutathione in the leukemic cells as pretreatment of the cells with BSO, which depletes intracellular glutathione, results in cells sensitivity to GMZ27. On the other hand, pretreatment with DDT, which increases intracellular glutathione, results in their resistance to GMZ27. GMZ27 had no effect on cells maturation and differentiation, and cell cycle. GMZ27 when tested against healthy donor mononuclear cells in a colony forming assay showed significantly less toxicity than arsenic trioxide. In vivo toxicity testing in Swiss Webster mice showed LD50 (dose that kills 50% of mice) to be 100 mg/kg for GMZ27, comparing to 10 mg/kg for ATO. In conclusion, organic arsenic lipid derivatives, and in particular GMZ27, may have more potent antileukemic activity and significantly less toxicity in vivo and in vitro than ATO and therefore further development of these medications is warranted.
Method of fabricating a microelectronic photomultiplier device with integrated circuitry (1994)

Abstract : A microelectronic photomultiplier device is fabricated by discrete procedures to provide a photocathode-anode and dynode chain arrangement which is analogous in operation to conventional photomultiplier tubes. This microelectronic photomultiplier device provides for low level photon detection and realizes the advantages of high reliability, small size and fast response, plus lower cost, weight and power consumption compared to conventional photomultiplier tubes. In addition, the fabrication on an SOI substrate permits integration of logic and control circuitry with detectors. The insulating substrate also permits the integration of an on-chip high voltage supply and may easily be extended to a plurality of detectors offering improved performance and design flexibility.
On Anonymization of String Data (2007)

String data is especially important in the privacy preserving data mining domain because most DNA and biological data is coded as strings. In this paper, we will discuss a new method for privacy preserving mining of string data with the use of simple template based condensation models. The template based model turns out to be effective in practice, and preserves important statistical characteristics of the strings.
Advanced proton-exchange materials for energy efficient fuel cells. (2005)

The ''Advanced Proton-Exchange Materials for Energy Efficient Fuel Cells'' Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project began in October 2002 and ended in September 2005. This LDRD was funded by the Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy strategic business unit. The purpose of this LDRD was to initiate the fundamental research necessary for the development of a novel proton-exchange membranes (PEM) to overcome the material and performance limitations of the ''state of the art'' Nafion that is used in both hydrogen and methanol fuel cells. An atomistic modeling effort was added to this LDRD in order to establish a frame work between predicted morphology and observed PEM morphology in order to relate it to fuel cell performance. Significant progress was made in the area of PEM material design, development, and demonstration during this LDRD. A fundamental understanding involving the role of the structure of the PEM material as a function of sulfonic acid content, polymer topology, chemical composition, molecular weight, and electrode electrolyte ink development was demonstrated during this LDRD. PEM materials based upon random and block polyimides, polybenzimidazoles, and polyphenylenes were created and evaluated for improvements in proton conductivity, reduced swelling, reduced O{sub 2} and H{sub 2} permeability, and increased thermal stability. Results from this work reveal that the family of polyphenylenes potentially solves several technical challenges associated with obtaining a high temperature PEM membrane. Fuel cell relevant properties such as high proton conductivity (>120 mS/cm), good thermal stability, and mechanical robustness were demonstrated during this LDRD. This report summarizes the technical accomplishments and results of this LDRD.
Dependence of DAP Emission Properties on Impurity Concentrations in N-/B-co-doped 6H-SiC (2007)

The dependence of donor-acceptor pair (DAP) emission properties on impurity concentrations of N and B in 6H-SiC epilayers was investigated. Doped samples were grown by closed sublimation technique, and impurity concentrations were confirmed by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). Photoluminescence (PL) measurement results indicate that p-type 6H-SiC with NA>ND had extremely low DAP emission efficiency, whereas n-type 6H-SiC with NA<ND showed intense DAP emission. Moreover, n-type 6H-SiC with high N and B concentrations exceeding 1018cm-3 is preferable for high DAP emission efficiency.
357: Interstitial Cystitis Anti-Proliferative Factor (APF) as a Cell-Cycle Modulator (2004)

You have accessJournal of UrologyDiscussed Poster, Sunday, May 9, 2004, 8:00 am - 12:00 pm1 Apr 2004357: Interstitial Cystitis Anti-Proliferative Factor (APF) as a Cell-Cycle Modulator Hani Rashid, Susan Keay, Chen-Ou Zhang, Edward M. Messing, and Jay Reeder Hani RashidHani Rashid More articles by this author , Susan KeaySusan Keay More articles by this author , Chen-Ou ZhangChen-Ou Zhang More articles by this author , Edward M. MessingEdward M. Messing More articles by this author , and Jay ReederJay Reeder More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)37619-5AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "357: Interstitial Cystitis Anti-Proliferative Factor (APF) as a Cell-Cycle Modulator." The Journal of Urology, 171(4S), pp. 93–94 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 171Issue 4SApril 2004Page: 93-94 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Hani Rashid More articles by this author Susan Keay More articles by this author Chen-Ou Zhang More articles by this author Edward M. Messing More articles by this author Jay Reeder More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Recovery of UO[sub 2]/PuO[sub 2] in IFR electrorefining process (1994)

A process for converting PuO.sub.2 and UO.sub.2 present in an electrorefiner to the chlorides, by contacting the PuO.sub.2 and UO.sub.2 with Li metal in the presence of an alkali metal chloride salt substantially free of rare earth and actinide chlorides for a time and at a temperature sufficient to convert the UO.sub.2 and PuO.sub.2 to metals while converting Li metal to Li.sub.2 O. Li.sub.2 O is removed either by reducing with rare earth metals or by providing an oxygen electrode for transporting O.sub.2 out of the electrorefiner and a cathode, and thereafter applying an emf to the electrorefiner electrodes sufficient to cause the Li.sub.2 O to disassociate to O.sub.2 and Li metal but insufficient to decompose the alkali metal chloride salt. The U and Pu and excess lithium are then converted to chlorides by reaction with CdCl.sub.2.
Detector development for Proton Computed Tomography (pCT) (2011)

Proton Computed Tomography (pCT) is being developed in support of proton therapy and treatment planning. The aim of pCT, to reconstruct an accurate map of the stopping power (S.P.) in a phantom and, in the future, in patients, is being pursued with a diverse list of detector systems, using the entire arsenal of tracking and energy detectors developed for High Energy Physics (HEP). The first radiographs and 3D images are being reconstructed with prototype detectors, which will be described. Most of the existing systems are being upgraded to higher proton fluxes to reduce the scanning time.
Self-decoupled radiofrequency coils for magnetic resonance imaging (2018)

Arrays of radiofrequency coils are widely used in magnetic resonance imaging to achieve high signal-to-noise ratios and flexible volume coverage, to accelerate scans using parallel reception, and to mitigate field non-uniformity using parallel transmission. However, conventional coil arrays require complex decoupling technologies to reduce electromagnetic coupling between coil elements, which would otherwise amplify noise and limit transmitted power. Here we report a novel self-decoupled RF coil design with a simple structure that requires only an intentional redistribution of electrical impedances around the length of the coil loop. We show that self-decoupled coils achieve high inter-coil isolation between adjacent and non-adjacent elements of loop arrays and mixed arrays of loops and dipoles. Self-decoupled coils are also robust to coil separation, making them attractive for size-adjustable and flexible coil arrays.
Fuzzy Gain-Scheduling Proportional–Integral Control for Improving Engine Power and Speed Behavior in a Hybrid Electric Vehicle (2009)

With the increased emphasis on improving fuel economy and reducing emissions, hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) have emerged as very strong candidates to achieve these goals. The power-split hybrid system, which is a complex hybrid powertrain, exhibits great potential to improve fuel economy by determining the most efficient regions for engine operation and thereby high-voltage (HV) battery operation to achieve overall vehicle efficiency optimization. To control and maintain the actual HV battery power, a sophisticated control system is essential, which controls engine power and thereby engine speed to achieve the desired HV battery maintenance power. Conventional approaches use proportional-integral (PI) control systems to control the actual HV battery power in power-split HEV, which can sometimes result in either overshoots of engine speed and power or degraded response and settling times due to the nonlinearity of the power-split hybrid system. We have developed a novel approach to intelligently controlling engine power and speed behavior in a power-split HEV using the fuzzy control paradigm for better performances. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported use of the fuzzy control method to control engine power and speed of a power-split HEV in the applied automotive field. Our approach uses fuzzy gain scheduling to determine appropriate gains for the PI controller based on the system's operating conditions. The improvements include elimination of the overshoots as well as approximate 50% faster response and settling times in comparison with the conventional linear PI control approach. The improved performances are demonstrated through simulations and field experiments using a ford escape hybrid vehicle.
Determining reflectance parameters and illumination distribution from a sparse set of images for view-dependent image synthesis (2002)

A framework for photo-realistic view-dependent image synthesis of a shiny object from a sparse set of images and a geometric model is proposed. Each image is aligned with the 3D model and decomposed into two images with regards to the reflectance components based on the intensity variation of object surface points. The view-independent surface reflection (diffuse reflection) is stored as one texture map. The view-dependent reflection (specular reflection) images are used to recover the initial approximation of the illumination distribution, and then a two step numerical minimization algorithm utilizing a simplified Torrance-Sparrow reflection model is used to estimate the reflectance parameters and refine the illumination distribution. This provides a very compact representation of the data necessary to render synthetic images from arbitrary view points. We have conducted experiments with real objects to synthesize photorealistic view-dependent images within the proposed framework.
Transposon mutagenesis and identification of mutated genes in growth-delayed Edwardsiella ictaluri (2019)

The results indicate that random transposon mutagenesis causing growth-delayed phenotype results in identification bacterial virulence genes, and attenuated strains with transposon interrupted virulence genes could be used as vaccine to activate fish immune system.
Private queries on encrypted genomic data (2017)

We demonstrate that homomorphic encryption can be used to enable an efficient privacy-preserving mechanism for querying the presence of particular mutations in realistic size datasets. Beyond its applications to genomics, our protocol can just as well be applied to any kind of data, and is therefore of independent interest to the homomorphic encryption community.
Hot Electrons in Reesonant-Phonon Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers (2005)

The electronic temperatures of individual subbands, the lattice temperature and the population inversion both below and above the laser threshold of THz quantum cascade lasers are extracted by the analysis of interband µ-probe photoluminescence spectra.
Brain electrical activity mapping (BEAM): A method for extending the clinical utility of EEG and evoked potential data (1979)

The difficulties inherent in extracting clinically useful information by visual inspection alone from the massive amounts of data contained in multichannel polygraphic recordings have placed limits on the accuracy and range of utility of electroencephalography and evoked potentials. A method for condensing and summarizing the spatiotemporal information contained in recordings from multiple scalp electrodes is described. Data dimensionality is reduced and visibility increased by computer-controlled topographic mapping and display of data as color television images. Examples are given in which such brain electrical activity mapping (BEAM) (1) localizes tumors in patients with normal or nondiagnostic EEGs, (2) adds additional information to that visible on computerized axial tomography, and (3) demonstrates electrophysiological abnormalities in patients with functional lesions but normal CT scans. A sensitivity to the functional component of a neurological lesion suggests that BEAM may provide complementary information to the anatomical definition provided by the CT scan.
An analog input/output microprocessor for signal processing (1979)

An IC combining an EPROM programmable digital processor with A-D and D-A conversion will be described. The processor architecture is suitable for implementing modems, tone receivers and filters via realtime simulation.
SP-333, A Guanylate Cyclase-C Agonist, Ameliorates DSS-Colitis in Mice Via a Novel Cyclic GMP-Mediated Mechanism (2012)

SP-333, an analog of uroguanylin (UG), activates guanylate cyclase-C (GC-C) to stimulate production of cyclic GMP, which is essential for epithelial cell homeostasis and for maintenance of intestinal mucosal barrier. Expression of UG has recently been shown to be reduced in inflamed tissues from patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), implying that disruption in GC-C signaling might be associated with the etiology of IBD. We previously reported that UG expression is suppressed in human colon tumors; and that oral administration of UG in ApcMin/+ mice inhibits polyp formation via a cGMP-mediated mechanism1. Subsequently, we also reported that GC-C agonists ameliorated GI inflammation in murine colitis models2. The precise mechanism, however, by which GC-C agonists exert their anti-inflammatory activities remained to be elucidated Colitis in mice was induced by 5% DSS mixed in drinking water starting at day 0. Mice (n = 12 per group) were given once daily oral dose of either SP-333 (0.005 to 50 mg/kg) or 5-ASA as positive control (100 mg/kg) or PBS as vehicle from day 0 to 6. Mice were sacrificed on day 7 and colon tissue sections were analyzed for colitis severity, disease activity index (DAI), Ki-67 staining and for myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Levels of SP-333 in blood plasma were analyzed by LC-MS/MS method (LLOQ: 1 ng/mL). Colon explant cultures were used to assess production of inflammatory cytokines. Effects of SP-333 on activation of NF-kappa B and on production of cytokines were also measured in T84 colon carcinoma cells. Treatment with SP-333 (0.05 mg/kg) was as effective as 5-ASA (100 mg/kg) in ameliorating colitis, suppressing DAI, reducing MPO activity and normalizing Ki-67 staining. The pharmacokinetics study in DSS-colitic mice indicated that systemic absorption of orally administered SP-333 was minimal. In T84 cells, treatment with SP-333 reduced levels of p-NF-kappaB-p65 in the nuclear fraction and increased levels of cytosolic I-kappa B without affecting I-kappa kinase (IKK). Treatment with 8-Br-cGMP, a positive control, exhibited similar inhibition in NF-kappa B activation. SP-333 also suppressed LPS-stimulated production of IL-8, IL-17a, IL-23 and TNF-alpha in T-84 cells. Oral treatment with SP-333 ameliorated colitis in mice possibly via activation of GC-C signaling to inhibit NF-kappa B activation and to suppress production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Fig 1). This is the first ever study suggesting that the anti-inflammatory effect of GC-C agonists might be through inhibition of NF-kappa B activation and it opens a novel avenue for development of GC-C agonists as a new class of orally delivered, mucosally active, drug candidates for treatment of IBD. SP-333 is entering clinical development for the treatment of mild to moderate ulcerative colitis.
Hybrid Memristor-CMOS memory cell: Modeling and design (2011)

Memristor was realized as physical device recently by HP labs, this discovery spurred a great interest in memristors as a fundamental electronic element. Memristor-based technology provides much better scalability, higher utilization when used as memory, and overall lower energy consumptions compared to traditional CMOS technology. The contribution of this paper is a detailed study of the non-linear model of the Memristor. This modeling is used to recognize the time and the voltage characteristics of stable read and write operations, and the tradeoffs between the various design parameters such as voltage, frequency, noise margin, and area. Based on this modeling we propose a hybrid CMOS-Memristor memory cell and architecture that deliver the speed of an SRAM and the density of DRAM with no wasted leakage power in the storage.