gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dual-wavelength 925 GHz self-mode-locked InP-based quantum dot laser (2008)

We report on the generation of dual-wavelength self-mode-locking pulses from an InP-based quantum dot laser. The demonstrated device operates simultaneously at both 1543.7 and 1571.7 nm and has a repetition rate of 92.5 GHz. The pulse width is below 960 fs, and the average power coupled to a cleaved single-mode fiber is nearly 9 mW at a current bias of 60 mA.
Comparative spur performance of a fractional-N frequency synthesizer with a nested MASH-SQ3 divider controller in the presence of memoryless piecewise-linear and polynomial nonlinearities (2014)

Fractional-N frequency synthesizers are notorious for exhibiting nonlinearity-induced spurious tones (spurs) in their phase noise spectra. One cause of these spurs is interaction between the shaped quantization noise produced by the digital delta-sigma modulator (DDSM) in the divider controller and nonlinearities in the phase-frequency detector and charge pump (PFD-CP). A novel type of divider controller called the Successive Requantization (SR) is claimed to have better spur performance than the DDSM in the presence of loop nonlinearities. In this paper, we compare the integer boundary spur (IBS) performance of a fractional-N synthesizer with three different divider controller architectures: a conventional MASH 1-1-1 DDSM, a Successive Requantizer (SQ), and a recently-proposed MASH-SQ hybrid. While the MASH is best in the linear case, the SQ has lower spurs in the presence of typical PFD-CP nonlinearities. The performance of the MASH-SQ hybrid is comparable to that of the SQ, but the former requires significantly less hardware and power.
Wireless Synchronization and Spatial Combining of Widely Spaced mm-Wave Arrays in 65-nm CMOS (2017)

This paper presents the first wirelessly synchronized multichip array (WSMA) in 65-nm CMOS. The proposed architecture makes use of a central wireless signal to synchronize an mm-wave array, eliminating the need for connecting wires between the array elements. Wireless injection locking of a single chip is successfully demonstrated, and a 3-dB linewidth of 400 Hz at a carrier frequency of 50 GHz is achieved (stability ratio of 8 ppb). In addition, a two-element WSMA with an array aperture greater than 20 wavelengths is demonstrated using the proposed transceiver architecture. The reported transceiver includes a receiving on-chip antenna, a low-noise amplifier, an injection-locked voltage-controlled oscillator, a buffer amplifier, an in-phase/quadrature generator, a phase shifter, a power amplifier, and a transmitting on-chip antenna. The chip is fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process and occupies an area of 1.7 mm × 3.8 mm. This paper sets the foundation for increasing the array aperture through wireless injection locking, extending traditional array systems into the high-resolution, narrow-beamwidth regime.
QoE-Driven Rate Adaptation Heuristic for Fair Adaptive Video Streaming (2015)

HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS) is quickly becoming the de facto standard for video streaming services. In HAS, each video is temporally segmented and stored in different quality levels. Rate adaptation heuristics, deployed at the video player, allow the most appropriate level to be dynamically requested, based on the current network conditions. It has been shown that today’s heuristics underperform when multiple clients consume video at the same time, due to fairness issues among clients. Concretely, this means that different clients negatively influence each other as they compete for shared network resources. In this article, we propose a novel rate adaptation algorithm called FINEAS (Fair In-Network Enhanced Adaptive Streaming), capable of increasing clients’ Quality of Experience (QoE) and achieving fairness in a multiclient setting. A key element of this approach is an in-network system of coordination proxies in charge of facilitating fair resource sharing among clients. The strength of this approach is threefold. First, fairness is achieved without explicit communication among clients and thus no significant overhead is introduced into the network. Second, the system of coordination proxies is transparent to the clients, that is, the clients do not need to be aware of its presence. Third, the HAS principle is maintained, as the in-network components only provide the clients with new information and suggestions, while the rate adaptation decision remains the sole responsibility of the clients themselves. We evaluate this novel approach through simulations, under highly variable bandwidth conditions and in several multiclient scenarios. We show how the proposed approach can improve fairness up to 80% compared to state-of-the-art HAS heuristics in a scenario with three networks, each containing 30 clients streaming video at the same time.
Monolithically integrated high-speed CMOS photonic transceivers (2008)

We demonstrate monolithically integrated 4×10 Gb/s WDM transceivers built in a production 130 nm SOI CMOS process. Only light sources are external to the chip. 40 Gb/s error-free, bidirectional transmission is demonstrated.
The coherent population trapping passive frequency standard (2003)

Coherent population trapping in alkali atoms has opened a new avenue in the implementation of atomic frequency standards having promising characteristics for field use. The paper gives a short description of the phenomenon, interprets experimental observations by means of a four-level model, outlines the use of such a phenomenon in the frequency standard field, and gives an evaluation of the achievable frequency stability based on the contrast and line Q realizable in practice.
Host markers in Quantiferon supernatants differentiate active TB from latent TB infection: preliminary report (2009)

These preliminary data suggest that active TB may be accurately differentiated from LTBI utilizing adaptations of the commercial QFT test that includes measurement of EGF, sCD40L, MIP-1beta, VEGF, TGF-alpha or IL-1alpha in supernatants from QFT assays. This approach holds promise for development as a rapid diagnostic test for active TB.
Volumetric Image Navigation via a Stereotactic Endoscope (1997)

PURPOSE: Existing modern stereotactic image navigation techniques have been limited to reducing the display of the imaging data to 2-D monochromatic images. The purpose of this paper is to highlight a new, fast, and elegantly simple technique that enables surgeons to visualize the field of view of a surgical endoscope overlaid with volumetrically reconstructed images of the same localized view. Using this true 3-D navigation system, the surgeon visualizes the surgical site through an endoscope while exploring the inner layers of the patient anatomy-not visible by an endoscope-from the volumetricly reconstructed images acquired from either MRI or CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To incorporate this system, the following protocols were developed: 1) a fast visualization technique, for the volumetric reconstruction of the data; 2) a user interface, for interactive opacification of the anatomical structures of interest; 3) a real-time 3-D image registration of the patient image with the patient anatomy; 4)...
Enhanced Protection against Tuberculosis by Vaccination with Recombinant<i>Mycobacterium microti</i>Vaccine That Induces T Cell Immunity against Region of Difference 1 Antigens (2004)

Mycobacterium microti, the vole bacillus, which was used as a live vaccine against tuberculosis until the 1970s, confers the same protection in humans as does Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG). However, because the efficacy of the BCG vaccine varies considerably, we have tried to develop a better vaccine by reintroducing into M. microti the complete region of difference 1 (RD1), which is required for secretion of the potent T cell antigens early secreted antigen target (ESAT)-6 and culture filtrate protein (CFP)-10. The resultant recombinant strain, M. microti OV254::RD1-2F9, induced specific ESAT-6 and CFP-10 immune responses in mice with CD8(+) T lymphocytes that had strong expression of the CD44(hi) activation marker. This vaccine also displayed better efficacy against disseminated disease in the mouse and the guinea pig models of tuberculosis than was seen in animals vaccinated with M. microti alone or with BCG. The M. microti OV254::RD1-2F9 vaccine was less virulent and persistent in mice and than was BCG::RD1-2F9 may represent a safer alternative to BCG::RD1-2F9.
Biocidal Poly(styrenehydantoin) Beads for Disinfection of Water (2002)

The biocidal polymers poly[1,3-dichloro-5-methyl-5-(4‘-vinylphenyl)hydantoin] and poly[1,3-dibromo-5-methyl-5-(4‘-vinylphenyl)hydantoin] and the monochlorinated derivative have been prepared as insoluble porous beads. Halogen stability, rechargeability, and efficacy against pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli O157:H7, MS2 virus, and poliovirus) in a water filtration application have been evaluated. While the polymers previously prepared in powdered granular solid form were effective against a wide variety of pathogens in contact times of a few seconds, the flow rates of water through cartridge filters containing them were often diminished because of clogging problems. Furthermore, the fine particles could be partially aerosolized in a manufacturing facility, thus causing a potential hazard for workers in the facility. The porous beads, prepared entirely by heterogeneous reactions, overcome these limitations while maintaining outstanding biocidal efficacies. The chlorinated beads have the potential to be used for disinfecting potable water in remote areas. The brominated beads are being evaluated as biocides for use in recirculating water applications such as for spas.
Gold based bulk metallic glass (2005)

Gold-based bulk metallic glass alloys based on Au–Cu–Si are introduced. The alloys exhibit a gold content comparable to 18-karat gold. They show very low liquidus temperature, large supercooled liquid region, and good processibility. The maximum casting thickness exceeds 5mm in the best glassformer. Au49Ag5.5Pd2.3Cu26.9Si16.3 has a liquidus temperature of 644K, a glass transition temperature of 401K, and a supercooled liquid region of 58K. The Vickers hardness of the alloys in this system is ∼350Hv, twice that of conventional 18-karat crystalline gold alloys. This combination of properties makes the alloys attractive for many applications including electronic, medical, dental, surface coating, and jewelry.
AC/DC TCP (2016)

Multi-tenant datacenters are successful because tenants can seamlessly port their applications and services to the cloud. Virtual Machine (VM) technology plays an integral role in this success by enabling a diverse set of software to be run on a unified underlying framework. This flexibility, however, comes at the cost of dealing with out-dated, inefficient, or misconfigured TCP stacks implemented in the VMs. This paper investigates if administrators can take control of a VM's TCP congestion control algorithm without making changes to the VM or network hardware. We propose AC/DC TCP, a scheme that exerts fine-grained control over arbitrary tenant TCP stacks by enforcing per-flow congestion control in the virtual switch (vSwitch). Our scheme is light-weight, flexible, scalable and can police non-conforming flows. In our evaluation the computational overhead of AC/DC TCP is less than one percentage point and we show implementing an administrator-defined congestion control algorithm in the vSwitch (i.e., DCTCP) closely tracks its native performance, regardless of the VM's TCP stack.
Sequestration of CO <sub>2</sub> in Mixtures of Caustic Byproduct and Saline Waste Water (2009)

Ex-situ carbonation of mixtures of caustic byproduct materials and produced oil-field brine provides a niche opportunity to sequester anthropogenic CO2, while concomitantly reducing the basicity of the reactive slurry. A series of tests were conducted to investigate a novel reaction concept designed to achieve neutralization of mixtures of acidic oil field produced brine and caustic industrial byproducts while sequestering substantial quantities of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) in a mixed-flow reactor. Experiments were conducted to determine the CO2-bearing capacity of reactive mixtures of brine from the Oriskany Sandstone Formation with three caustic industrial byproducts: flue gas desulfurization (FGD) spray dryer ash, Class C fly ash subbituminous coal combustion byproduct, and bauxite residue slurry from the alumina production process. Reactions were conducted in a closed, well-mixed (1,500 rpm) reactor with gas composed of 29.46% vol./vol. CO2 balanced by nitrogen gas (N2) fed at a rate of 300 mL/min. Reactions were carried out at ambient conditions. Results show linear relationships between caustic byproduct addition and CO2-bearing capacity, with relatively small impact of brine addition as compared to deionized water addition. FGD spray dryer ash/brine mixtures exhibited higher CO2 reactivity than those using Class C fly ash (0.759 moles CO2, at 23.6% solids by weight and 0.036 moles CO2 at 23.3% solids by weight, respectively). Bauxite residue exhibited moderate capacities in mixtures with higher percent solids (0.335 moles CO2 in 40% solids bauxite residue slurry). Carbonation capacity of caustic byproduct/acidic brine mixtures was shown to increase linearly with respect to percent caustic byproduct addition, but enhanced mineral carbonate precipitation resulting from synergistic reaction of brine cations with increased dissolved carbonate species was not observed in the short term.
Preparation of bis(chloroformate)s for use in cyclization reactions (1995)

Abstract Cyclic oligomeric carbonates are prepared by a hydrolysis/condensation reaction from aromatic bis(chloroformate)s. Three methods for convenient preparation of bis(chloroformate)s have been developed: (1) use of diethylaniline to scavenge HCl, in a modification of an earlier procedure; (2) low pH, low temperature interfacial condensation of bisphenols with phosgene; and (3) use of Ca(OH) 2 in interfacial condensation with phosgene. Reaction parameters which control formation of monomeric bis(chloroformate)s versus higher oligomerization include temperature, pH, and rate of phosgene addition. For water‐soluble bisphenols such as hydroquinone, the phase ratio of water to CH 2 Cl 2 can also be important.
Development of Processable PMR-Type Polymides with Star-Branched Structures (1999)

In the last two decades, high temperature polyimide matrix composites have found broad applications in aerospace structural components, due to their high specific modulus and high specific strength. As matrix resins, aromatic polyimides exhibit exceptional thermal stability and mechanical properties. However, their rodlike structures often result in poor solubility in most common organic solvents, as well as high melt temperature and melt viscosity, making them difficult to process. To overcome this difficulty, flexible linkages including O, SO2 or CH2 non coplanar biphenyl moieties, bulky lateral substituents, and crankshaft structures are often incorporated into the polymer backbones. Addition-curing of low molecular weight polyimides (resins) is another approach to improve processability. One of the most successfully developed materials has been PMR-15 (Polymerization of Monomer Reactants, molecular weight of 1500 g/mol), because of its good combination of thermal and mechanical properties and ease of processability. However, due to the high melt viscosity of PMR-type resins, use of more economical processing methods, such as resin transfer molding (RTM), is not possible. Recent research has focused on the incorporation of trifunctional monomers into addition-curing polyimides in an attempt to improve the processability of these polymers. The objective of this research is to use an aromatic triamine, 1,3,5 tris (4-aminophenoxy) benzene, to prepare new resin systems with starbranched structures. The glass transition temperatures (Tg's) and thermal oxidative stability TOS) of these polymers are compared to their linear counterparts and PMR-15.
Multifunctional Radical Quenchers as Potential Therapeutic Agents for the Treatment of Mitochondrial Dysfunction (2019)

Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with a wide range of human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, and is believed to cause or contribute to the etiology of these diseases. These disorders are frequently associated with increased levels of reactive oxygen species. One of the design strategies for therapeutic intervention involves the development of novel small molecules containing redox cores, which can scavenge reactive oxygen radicals and selectively block oxidative damage to the mitochondria. Presently, we describe recent research dealing with multifunctional radical quenchers as antioxidants able to scavenge reactive oxygen radicals. The review encompasses ubiquinone and tocopherol analogs, as well as novel pyri(mi)dinol derivatives, and their ability to function as protective agents in cellular models of mitochondrial diseases.
Application of the N-Point Moving Average Method for Brachial Pressure Waveform–Derived Estimation of Central Aortic Systolic Pressure (2014)

The N-point moving average (NPMA) is a mathematical low-pass filter that can smooth peaked noninvasively acquired radial pressure waveforms to estimate central aortic systolic pressure using a common denominator of N/4 (where N=the acquisition sampling frequency). The present study investigated whether the NPMA method can be applied to brachial pressure waveforms. In the derivation group, simultaneously recorded invasive high-fidelity brachial and central aortic pressure waveforms from 40 subjects were analyzed to identify the best common denominator. In the validation group, the NPMA method with the obtained common denominator was applied on noninvasive brachial pressure waveforms of 100 subjects. Validity was tested by comparing the noninvasive with the simultaneously recorded invasive central aortic systolic pressure. Noninvasive brachial pressure waveforms were calibrated to the cuff systolic and diastolic blood pressures. In the derivation study, an optimal denominator of N/6 was identified for NPMA to derive central aortic systolic pressure. The mean difference between the invasively/noninvasively estimated (N/6) and invasively measured central aortic systolic pressure was 0.1±3.5 and -0.6±7.6 mm Hg in the derivation and validation study, respectively. It satisfied the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation standard of 5±8 mm Hg. In conclusion, this method for estimating central aortic systolic pressure using either invasive or noninvasive brachial pressure waves requires a common denominator of N/6. By integrating the NPMA method into the ordinary oscillometric blood pressure determining process, convenient noninvasive central aortic systolic pressure values could be obtained with acceptable accuracy.
Artifact reduction with a wideband late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) MRI technique for patients with implanted cardiac devices: a two-center study (2014)

Background Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac MRI is the clinical gold standard for non-invasive characterization of myocardial scar [1]. However, up to 75% of patients who may benefit from LGE MRI have preexisting implanted cardiac devices such as implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) and pacemakers (PM) [2]. The presence of an ICD produces hyper-intensity (HI) image artifacts in LGE (Figure 1) and can prevent assessment of myocardial scar. We recently proposed a wideband LGE MRI technique that removes these artifacts in ICD patients [3,4]. In this abstract, we present our two-center experience of using this wideband LGE sequence on a cohort of patients with ICDs who were referred to cardiac MRI.
Optimum Signal Constellation Design for High-Speed Optical Transmission (2012)

We describe an algorithm to determine the optimum signal constellation in MMSE- sense for channel capacity achieving source distribution, and demonstrate that the signal constellations obtained by this algorithm outperform conventional QAM constellations (~1 dB for 16-ary constellation at BER of 10-8).
A Molecular Switch Based on Current-Driven Rotation of an Encapsulated Cluster within a Fullerene Cage (2011)

By scanning tunneling microscopy imaging and electronic structure theory, we investigate a single-molecule switch based on tunneling electron-driven rotation of a triangular Sc3N cluster within an icosahedral C80 fullerene cage among three pairs of enantiomorphic configurations. Bias-dependent action spectra and modeling implicate the antisymmetric stretch vibration of Sc3N cluster as the gateway for energy transfer from the tunneling electrons into the cluster rotation. Hierarchical switching of conductivity among multiple stationary states while maintaining a constant molecular shape, offers an advantage for the integration of endohedral fullerene-based single-molecule switches into multiple logic state molecular devices.
Development of flex circuit wiring harness for the PowerSphere concept (2003)

The PowerSphere is a spherical solar array designed to power small satellites. The spherical shape allows the uniform collection of solar energy without regards to orientation to the sun. The PowerSphere is a geodetic sphere which uniquely incorporates thin film solar cells, ultra light deployable structures/mechanisms, and flexible circuits and inter-connect technologies. The focus of this paper will be on the on-going efforts to integrate flexible circuits and inter-connect technologies with the thin film solar cells and ultra light deployable structure.
Latched microswitches in laminates for high power 0–6.5 GHz applications (2014)

A microswitch designed for high power radio‐frequency (RF) applications is presented. A unique 3D transmission line is combined with a robust latched direct contact switch in this RF switch design. Each unit is fabricated in laminate panels before being singulated into pre‐packaged micro‐RF switches. High power RF tests reached 15 W at 1.9 GHz for this device. The switch has a good RF performance with −0.296 dB insertion loss and −22.03 dB isolation at 6.56 GHz.
Load balancing in distributed workflow management system (2001)

Article Load balancing in distributed workflow management system Share on Authors: Li-jie Jin HP Laboratories, Palo Alto, California HP Laboratories, Palo Alto, CaliforniaView Profile , Fabio Casati HP Laboratories, Palo Alto, California HP Laboratories, Palo Alto, CaliforniaView Profile , Mehmet Sayal HP Laboratories, Palo Alto, California HP Laboratories, Palo Alto, CaliforniaView Profile , Ming-Chien Shan HP Laboratories, Palo Alto, California HP Laboratories, Palo Alto, CaliforniaView Profile Authors Info & Claims SAC '01: Proceedings of the 2001 ACM symposium on Applied computingMarch 2001 Pages 522–530https://doi.org/10.1145/372202.372452Online:01 March 2001Publication History 26citation1,272DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations26Total Downloads1,272Last 12 Months10Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Treatment of Experimental <i>Pneumocystis carinii</i> Pneumonia with Analogs of Pentamidine (1989)

Seven analogs of pentamidine were tested for their activity against an immunosuppressed rat model of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Structural alterations of the pentamidine molecule included variations of the alkyl chain linking the two p-amidino phenoxy moieties and relocation of the amidine groups from the para to the meta position on the phenoxy rings. All analogs of pentamidine were active against P. carinii pneumonia when compared to a saline-treated control group. One derivative, 1, 4-di(4'-amidinophenoxy)butane, proved to be statistically more active than the parent drug.