gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Targeting Mig-7 inhibits carcinoma cell invasion, primary tumor growth, and stimulates killing of breast carcinoma cells. (2007)

B211 Novel Migration induction gene-7 (Mig-7) is expressed by cancer cells of primary and metastatic tumor sites, those circulating in blood, as well as by occult tumor cells that mimic endothelial cells. Multiple tumor microenvironment growth factors induce Mig-7 expression. Gain or loss of Mig-7 functional studies show that its expression is required for aggressive tumor cell behaviors. Because normal adult cells apparently lack Mig-7 expression, we hypothesized that Mig-7 is a target to specifically inhibit the spread of cancer while preventing damage to normal cells. We first tested this hypothesis using an in vitro modified Boyden chamber chemoinvasion assay of tumor cells treated with Mig-7 or control antibodies. Our results show that Mig-7 antibody caused a >60% reduction in tumor cell invasion. We further tested our hypothesis using an in vitro analysis of peptide-stimulated human peripheral blood monocyte cells (MC) and their killing of MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells. Mig-7 peptide treatment increased MC killing of MCF-7 cells >2-fold over control peptide treatments. Furthermore, our in vivo studies show that tumor cells stably expressing Mig-7-specific short interferring RNA (siRNA) resulted in a ~70% reduction in primary tumor size in a xenograft nude mouse model. Based on these collective data, we conclude that Mig-7 is a potential candidate for targeted cancer therapy.
67.2: Permanent Bistable Twisted Nematic Displays Using Bi‐Directional Alignment Surface (2008)

Abstract A new bi‐directional alignment surface is developed. Such alignment surface can be used to control the backflow direction of the liquid crystal. Base on this new alignment layer, a bistable twisted nematic LCD which switches between U and T states without surface anchoring energy breaking has been fabricated successfully.
A dynamic storage scheme for conflict-free vector access (1989)

Previous investigations into data storage schemes have focused on finding a storage scheme that permits conflict-free access for a set of frequently encountered access patterns. This paper considers an alternative approach. Rather than forcing a single storage scheme to be used for all access patterns, conflict-free accesses of any constant stride can be made by selecting a storage scheme for each vector based on the accessing patterns used with that vector.
Hierarchical run-time reconfiguration managed by an operating system for reconfigurable systems (2003)

The need for flexible computational power has motivated many researchers to incorporate run-time reconfigurable logic into their architectures. Most contemporary experiments include commercial FPGA&apos;s serving as reconfigurable hardware. Unfortunately, the FPGA does not exhibit the same run-time flexibility as the Instruction Set Processor (ISP) e.g. when it comes to ease and speed of setting up a task. In addition, FPGA&apos;s tend to be less suited than traditional ISP&apos;s to accommodate control-flow dominated tasks. Obviously, it is possible to alleviate some of these issues by using a reconfiguration hierarchy (e.g. placing and configuring an ASIP or coarse grain reconfigurable block into the FPGA). This paper illustrates how our operating system transparently manages the complexity of hierarchical reconfiguration. In addition, this paper highlights the benefits and drawbacks of employing multiple hierarchical levels of configuration. As a proof of concept, we developed a filtering application on top of an in-house 16 bit microcontroller and a parameterizable filter block, both instantiated inside an FPGA.
Transient Response Characteristics of Vapor Deposited Micro Heat Pipe Arrays (1995)

The transient thermal response of vapor deposited micro heat pipe arrays fabricated as an integral part of silicon wafers was measured to determine if these arrays could be used to reduce the local temperature gradients and improve the reliability of semiconductor devices. Wafers with arrays of 34 and 66 micro heat pipes were evaluated using an IR thermal imaging system in conjunction with a VHS video recorder. These arrays occupied 0.75 and 1.45 percent, of the wafer cross-sectional area, respectively. The wafers with micro heat pipe arrays demonstrated a 30 to 45 percent reduction in the thermal time constant when compared to that obtained for plain silicon wafers. This reduction in response time was shown to lead to a significant reduction in the maximum wafer temperature, due to the increased effective thermal conductivity caused by the vaporization and condensation occurring in the individual micro heat pipes. The experimental results were then used to validate a transient numerical model, capable of accurately predicting the transient temperature profile and thermal time constant of the wafer/heat pipe combinations.
Ultrafast synthesis of poly(methyl acrylate) and poly(methyl acrylate)‐<i>b</i>‐poly(vinyl chloride)‐<i>b</i>‐poly(methyl acrylate) by the Cu(0)/tris(2‐dimethylaminoethyl)amine‐catalyzed living radical polymerization and block copolymerization of methyl acrylate initiated with 1,1‐chloroiodoethane and α,ω‐Di(iodo)poly(vinyl chloride) in dimethyl sulfoxide (2005)

Abstract ABA block copolymers containing poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA) as the A segment and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) as the B segment (PMA‐ b ‐PVC‐ b ‐PMA) were synthesized by the Cu(0)/tris(2‐dimethylaminoethyl)amine (Me 6 ‐TREN)‐catalyzed living radical block copolymerization of methyl acrylate (MA) initiated with α,ω‐di(iodo)poly(vinyl chloride) [α,ω‐di(iodo)PVC] in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at 90, 50, and 25 °C. 1,1‐Chloroiodoethane, a model compound for the chain ends of the α,ω‐di(iodo)PVC macroinitiator, was used as an initiator for the Cu(0)/Me 6 ‐TREN‐catalyzed living radical polymerization of MA in DMSO at 70, 50, and 25 °C. Ultrafast block copolymerization and living radical polymerization methods for MA and other acrylates were discovered. These ultrafast methods provided access to the synthesis of PMA‐ b ‐PVA‐ b ‐PMA in reaction times, which depended on the temperature range, of 3–20 min. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 1948–1954, 2005
Exact and approximate Fourier rebinning of PET data from time-of-flight to non time-of-flight (2009)

The image reconstruction problem for fully 3D TOF PET is challenging because of the large data sizes involved. One approach to this problem is to first rebin the data into one of the following lower dimensional formats: 2D TOF, 3D non TOF or 2D non TOF. Here we present a unified framework based on a generalized projection slice theorem for TOF data that can be used to compute each of these mappings. We use this framework to develop approaches for rebinning into non TOF formats without significant loss of information. We first derive the exact mappings and then describe approximations which address the missing data problem for oblique sinograms. We evaluate the performance of approximate rebinning using Monte Carlo simulations. Our results show that rebinning into non TOF sinograms retains significant SNR advantages over sinograms collected without TOF information.
The Cone of Normals Technique for Fast Processing of Curved Patches (1993)

Abstract The cone of normals technique for curved surface patches allows to perform various quick tests at the patch level such as front‐ or backfacing test, light influence test, and existence of silhouette edges test. For a given patch, a truncated cone of normals is constructed at creation time, which contains all points and all normal directions of the patch. At traversal time, a simple scalar product test determines whether the whole patch is backfacing or frontfacing, so that the costly step of tessellating the patch is avoided in case of patch level face culling. In addition, the technique quickly determines which light sources have no influence on a patch, and which patches have no silhouette edges. The technique can also be used for other surface primitives, such as triangular strips and quadrilateral meshes,
Solid state lighting using deoxyribonucleic acid-phosphor blend (2012)

Commercial white solid state lighting consists of a blue light emitting diodes (LEDs) that excites a yellow-emitting phosphor powder, which is encapsulated with epoxy on top of the LED die. In this paper, we present the results of replacing the epoxy, with a promising new material, a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-based biopolymer. Using this DNA-biopolymer as the host, has shown the potential for improving both the brightness and color of the light output.
Spectroscopy of optical gain in low threshold colloidal quantum dot laser media: dominance of single-exciton states at room temperature (2016)

Here, experimental studies of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and lasing from various colloidal II-VI semiconductor nanocrystals have been used as inputs to several microscopic models for underlying optical gain, usually involving permutations of quantum confined multiple excitonic states. Here we focus on particular types of CdSe/ZnCdS and CdSe/ZnS/ZnCdS colloidal quantum dot (CQD) films and elucidate on the discovery of single-exciton states at the fundamental edge as a dominant mechanism for optical gain at room temperature. Pump-probe spectroscopic techniques enable us to measure the onset of gain at ensemble-average exciton occupancy per CQD, <N> = 0.6 and 0.7 for the two types of CQD films at room temperature. Time-resolved measurements, in turn, show how optical gain persists well into the time regime associated with spontaneous emission (nanoseconds), thus providing direct evidence for how the non-radiative Auger recombination processes (~100 ps) can be thwarted. In addition to benefits of the material assets of densely packed CQD films with high luminescence efficiency (quantum yield ~90%) and nanoparticle monodispersity therein, we propose that access to the single-exciton gain regime at room temperature requires a careful spectral balance between the lowest exciton absorption resonance and its corresponding red-shifted spontaneous emission maximum (“Stokes shift”).
The far-reaching nature of microtube technology (1998)

AbstractMicrotubes have potential applications in numerous diverse fields. They are very small diameter tubes (in the nanometer and micron range) with high as pect ratios that can be made from practically any material. In contrast, to other technologies, tubes larger than 5 microns in diameter can be made from any material with any combination of cross-sectional and axial shapes de sired. The significance of microtube technology is that it provides solutions to many materials problems as well as the opportunity to miniaturize numerous components and devices that are currently in existence. In addition, components that have to date been impossible to produce can be fabricated using this technology.Key words: MicrotubesMicrotubulesMicrochannelsMicrospringsMicrobellows
A Fabric-based Inexpensive Wearable Neckband for Accurate and Reliable Dietary Activity Monitoring (2022)

Dietary habits play a significant role in public health and well-being. Monitoring dietary activities is thus essential for maintaining a healthy lifestyle and preventing many widespread diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, and hypertension. In this work, we present a low-cost wearable neckband for automatic diet activity monitoring. The $5 fabric-based device, comprising an electret microphone, a Bluetooth radio module, and a rechargeable Lithium-ion battery, can wirelessly transmit audio to a smart device in real-time. The classification algorithm processes the audio stream in 3s segments and extracts short-time spectral, waveform, and energy-based acoustic features. We compute various statistical functions from the acoustic features to obtain segmental feature vectors, which are subsequently used for machine learning. We perform an experimental evaluation using an in-house dataset collected using the neckband. We compare the performance of different classifiers in distinguishing between drinking, chewing solid foods, and other non-dietary activities. An averaged class-wise F-measure of 81.25% is achieved using the proposed wearable device and a Random Forest (RF) based classifier.
Properties and Application of a Radiation Curable, Inkjet Receptive Polymer (2008)

A cationic, water-soluble, free-radically UV curable polymer suitable for inkjet receptive coatings is described. Specifically, poly(vinylcaprolactam-co-N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]meth acrylamide-co-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) neutralized with hydrochloric acid, modified by glycidyl methacrylate (VCL/DMAPMA/HEMA/GMA/HCL). The structure and properties of this novel material are presented. In addition, some formulation strategies for inkjet receptive coatings are discussed and examples presented.
Purification, Characterization, and Molecular Cloning of a Novel Keratan Sulfate Hydrolase, Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase, from Bacillus circulans (2003)

Keratan sulfate (KS) is degraded by various enzymes including endo-beta-galactosidase, keratanase, and keratanase II, which are used for the structural analysis of KS. We purified a novel KS hydrolase, endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, from the cell pellet and conditioned medium of Bacillus circulans, by sequential chromatography using DE52 and phenyl-Sepharose columns with approximately 63- and 180-fold purity and 58 and 12.5% recovery, respectively. Like keratanase II of Bacillus sp. Ks36, the enzyme, designated Bc keratanase II, hydrolyzed KS between the 4GlcNAcbeta1-3Gal1 structure (endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase), but not hyaluronan, heparan sulfate, heparin, and chondroitin sulfate C, demonstrating a strict specificity to KS. The enzyme digested shark cartilage KS to disaccharides and tetrasaccharides and bovine cornea KS to hexasaccharide, indicating that it prefers highly sulfated KS. Distinct from keratanase II of strain Ks36, the enzyme digested shark cartilage KS at an optimal temperature of 55 degrees C. Based on partial peptide sequencing of the enzyme, we molecularly cloned the gene, which encodes a protein with a predicted molecular mass of approximately 200 kDa. From the deduced protein sequence, Bc keratanase II contained a domain at the C terminus, homologous to the S-layer-like domain of pullulanase from Thermoanaerobacterium thermosulfurigenes and endoxylanase from Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum, and a carbohydrate-binding domain, which may serve to specifically recognize KS chains. A full-length recombinant enzyme showed keratanase II activity. These results may prove useful for the structural analysis of KS toward achieving an understanding of its function.
<title>Neural network approach for differential diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases</title> (1990)

A neural network approach was applied for the differential diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases. The neural network was designed for distinguishing between 9 types of interstitial lung diseases based on 20 items of clinical and radiographic information. A database for training and testing the neural network was created with 10 hypothetical cases for each of the 9 diseases. The performance of the neural network was evaluated by ROC analysis. The optimal parameters for the current neural network were determined by selecting those yielding the highest ROC curves. In this case the neural network consisted of one hidden layer including 6 units and was trained with 200 learning iterations. When the decision performances of the neural network chest radiologists and senior radiology residents were compared the neural network indicated high performance comparable to that of chest radiologists and superior to that of senior radiology residents. Our preliminary results suggested strongly that the neural network approach had potential utility in the computer-aided differential diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases. 1_
On holographic transform compression of images (2002)

Lossy transform compression of images is very successful and widespread. The JPEG standard uses the discrete cosine transform on blocks of the image and a bit allocation process that takes advantage of the uneven energy distribution in the transform domain. For most images 10:1 compression ratios can be achieved with no visible degradations. Suppose however that multiple versions of the compressed image exist in a distributed environment such as the Internet, and several of them could be made available upon request. The classical approach would provide no improvement in the image quality if more than one version of the compressed image became available. In this paper we propose a method, based on multiple description scalar quantization, that yields decompressed image quality improving with the number of compressed versions available.
Gene Delivery Properties of End-Modified Poly(β-amino ester)s (2007)

Here, we present the synthesis of a library of end-modified poly(beta-amino ester)s and assess their utility as gene delivery vehicles. Polymers were synthesized using a rapid, two-step approach that involves initial preparation of an acrylate-terminated polymer followed by a postpolymerization amine-capping step to generate end-functionalized polymers. Using a highly efficient poly(beta-amino ester), C32, we show that the terminal amine can greatly affect and improve polymer properties relevant to gene delivery. Specifically, the in vitro transfection levels can be increased by 30% and the optimal polymer:DNA ratio lowered 5-fold by conjugation of the appropriate end group. The most effective modifications were made by grafting primary diamine molecules to the chain termini. The added charge and hydrophobicity of some derivatives enhanced DNA binding and resulted in the formation of polymer-DNA complexes less than 100 nm in diameter. In addition, cellular uptake was improved 5-fold over unmodified C32. The end-modified poly(beta-amino ester)s presented here are some of the most effective gene-delivery polycations, superior to polyethylenimine and previously reported poly(beta-amino ester)s. These results show that the end-modification of poly(beta-amino ester)s is a general strategy to alter functionality and improve the delivery performance of these materials.
Separation and recovery of iron from a low-grade carbonate-bearing iron ore using magnetizing roasting followed by magnetic separation (2017)

In this study, a process of magnetizing roasting followed by low-intensity magnetic separation (MR-LMS), which is used to separate and recover iron from a low-grade carbonate-bearing iron ore (containing 34.6 wt.% Fe), was investigated. A magnetic concentrate containing 65.4 wt.% Fe with an iron recovery rate of 92.6 wt.% was obtained under optimal conditions: roasting temperature of 800°C, roasting time of 8 min, bitumite ratio of 10:100, grinding fineness of around 85 wt.% passing 38 µm, and magnetic intensity of 0.12 T. In addition, the phase transformation and magnetic properties were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) to reveal the mechanism.
ACCEL-RATE (2004)

Per-flow network traffic measurement is an important component of network traffic management, network performance assessment, and detection of anomalous network events such as incipient DoS attacks. In [1], the authors developed a mechanism called RATE where the focus was on developing a memory efficient scheme for estimating per-flow traffic rates to a specified level of accuracy. The time taken by RATE to estimate the per-flow rates is a function of the specified estimation accuracy and this time is acceptable for several applications. However some applications, such as quickly detecting worm related activity or the tracking of transient traffic, demand faster estimation times. The main contribution of this paper is a new scheme called ACCEL-RATE that, for a specified level of accuracy, can achieve orders of magnitude decrease in per-flow rate estimation times. It achieves this by using a hashing scheme to split the incoming traffic into several sub-streams, estimating the per-flow traffic rates in each of the substreams and then relating it back to the original per-flow traffic rates. We show both theoretically and experimentally that the estimation time of ACCEL-RATE is at least one to two orders of magnitude lower than RATE without any significant increase in the memory size.
Complex threshold method for identifying pixels that contain predominantly noise in magnetic resonance images (2008)

The joint use of both magnitude and phase images helps to improve the removal of noise points in magnetic resonance images. This can prove useful in automating the visualization of phase images without the highly distractive phase noise in noise regions. Also, it is useful in susceptibility weighted imaging when taking the minimum intensity projections of variably sized regions.
Radical Ring-Closing/Ring-Opening Cascade Polymerization (2019)

A novel strategy for the synthesis of main-chain polymers through radical ring-closing/ring-opening cascade polymerization is reported. Efficient radical cyclopolymerization was achieved through systematic optimization of the electronic properties of 1,6-diene structures. Fusing 1,6-diene with allylic sulfide or allylic sulfone motifs enabled a ring-closing/ring-opening cascade reaction that provides a strong driving force for the ring-opening polymerization of large macrocyclic monomers. The ability of 1,6-diene-fused allylic sulfone to undergo efficient SO<sub>2</sub> extrusion generated a propagating alkyl radical capable of reversible deactivation. This strategy provides a general platform for the synthesis of polymers incorporating complex main-chain structures and degradable functionalities.
Early Identification of Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction: The Need of Biomarkers (2019)

A growing number of patients with end-stage lung disease have benefited from lung transplantation (LT). Improvements in organ procurement, surgical techniques and intensive care management have greatly increased short-term graft survival. However, long-term outcomes remain limited, mainly due to the onset of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), whose diagnosis is based on permanent loss of lung function after the development of irreversible lung lesions. CLAD is associated with high mortality and morbidity, and its exact physiopathology is still only partially understood. Many researchers and clinicians have searched for CLAD biomarkers to improve diagnosis, to refine the phenotypes associated with differential prognosis and to identify early biological processes that lead to CLAD to enable an early intervention that could modify the inevitable degradation of respiratory function. Donor-specific antibodies are currently the only biomarkers used in routine clinical practice, and their significance for accurately predicting CLAD is still debated. We describe here significant studies that have highlighted potential candidates for reliable and non-invasive biomarkers of CLAD in the fields of imaging and functional monitoring, humoral immunity, cell-mediated immunity, allograft injury, airway remodeling and gene expression. Such biomarkers would improve CLAD prediction and allow differential LT management regarding CLAD risk.
Inhibition of tumor growth in vivo by a nanoparticle-based therapeutic cancer vaccine targeting HAAH (2013)

Meeting abstracts We have designed, developed and produced a lambda-phage based therapeutic anti-cancer vaccine (nanoparticle) targeting human aspartyl (asparaginyl) β-hydroxylase (HAAH). This protein is over-expressed on the surface of cancer cells and plays a central role in cancer etiology that
High-order stimulated Raman scattering in CVD single crystal diamond (2007)

We report on the first observation of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in single crystal diamond synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). An efficiency of 45% of energy conversion from the pumping Nd 3+ :Y 3 Al 5 O 12 laser radiation to all Stokes and anti-Stokes components is achieved. This makes single crystal CVD diamond an attractive χ (3) nonlinear crystalline material as a Raman laser converter.