gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gaussian mixture model for relevance feedback in image retrieval (2003)

Relevance feedback (RF) has become a powerful technique in content-based image retrieval. Most RF methods assume that positive images follow the single Gaussian distribution, which is not sufficient to model the actual distribution of images due to the gap between the semantic concept and low-level features. In this paper, the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is applied to represent the distribution of positive images in relevance feedback, and a novel method is proposed to estimate the parameters of the GMM. Both positive and negative examples are used to estimate the number of Gaussian components. Furthermore, due to the lack of training samples, unlabeled data are also incorporated to estimate the covariance matrices. Experimental results show that our GMM-based RF method outperforms that based on a single Gaussian model.
An alternative Carrier frequency Synchronization scheme for DVB-S2 systems (2010)

In relating the use of consumer-grade equipment, Carrier Synchronization is a difficult task for DVB-S2 receivers, which have to operate with a large initial Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO) yet needing to achieve relatively high estimation precisions. For these reasons, conventional Carrier Frequency Recovery schemes for DVB-S2 systems need significant hardware complexity. In contrast, this paper proposes a simple and robust CFR scheme for DVB-S2 systems that is able to reduce the hardware complexity without degrading the achievable performances.
Purification and characterization of the nuclear cytidine 5'-monophosphate N-acetylneuraminic acid synthetase from rat liver. (1992)

N-Acetylneuraminic acid cytidylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.43) (CAMP-NeuAc synthetase) from rat liver catalyzes the formation of cytidine monophosphate N-acetylneuraminic acid from CTP and NeuAc. We have purified this enzyme to apparent homogeneity (241-fold) using gel filtration on Sephacryl S-200 and two types of affinity chromatographies (Reactive Brown-10 Agarose and Blue Sepharose CL-6B columns). The pure enzyme, whose amino acid composition and NH2-terminal amino acid sequence are also established, migrates as a single protein band on non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular mass of the native enzyme, estimated by gel filtration, was 116 +/- 2 kDa whereas its Mr in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was 58 +/- 1 kDa. CMP-NeuAc synthetase requires Mg2+ for catalysis although this ion can be replaced by Mn2+, Ca2+, or Co2+. The optimal pH was 8.0 in the presence of 10 mM Mg2+ and 5 mM dithiothreitol. The apparent Km for CTP and NeuAc are 1.5 and 1.3 mM, respectively. The enzyme also converts N-glycolylneuraminic acid to its corresponding CMP-sialic acid (Km, 2.6 mM), whereas CMP-NeuAc, high CTP concentrations, and other nucleotides (CDP, CMP, ATP, UTP, GTP, and TTP) inhibited the enzyme to different extents.
Mediastinal lymph node detection on thoracic CT scans using spatial prior from multi-atlas label fusion (2014)

Lymph nodes play an important role in clinical practice but detection is challenging due to low contrast surrounding structures and variable size and shape. We propose a fully automatic method for mediastinal lymph node detection on thoracic CT scans. First, lungs are automatically segmented to locate the mediastinum region. Shape features by Hessian analysis, local scale, and circular transformation are computed at each voxel. Spatial prior distribution is determined based on the identification of multiple anatomical structures (esophagus, aortic arch, heart, etc.) by using multi-atlas label fusion. Shape features and spatial prior are then integrated for lymph node detection. The detected candidates are segmented by curve evolution. Characteristic features are calculated on the segmented lymph nodes and support vector machine is utilized for classification and false positive reduction. We applied our method to 20 patients with 62 enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes. The system achieved a significant improvement with 80% sensitivity at 8 false positives per patient with spatial prior compared to 45% sensitivity at 8 false positives per patient without a spatial prior.
Multi-criteria evaluation of partitioning schemes for real-time systems (2010)

In this paper we study the partitioning approach for multiprocessor real-time scheduling. This approach seems to be the easiest since, once the partitioning of the task set has been done, the problem reduces to well understood uniprocessor issues. Meanwhile, there is no optimal and polynomial solution to partition tasks on processors. In this paper we analyze partitioning algorithms from several points of view such that for a given task set and specific constraints (processor number, task set type, etc.) we should be able to identify the best heuristic and the best schedulability test. We also analyze the influence of the heuristics on the performance of the uniprocessor tests and the impact of a specific task order on the schedulability. A study on performance difference between Fixed Priority schedulers and EDF in the case of partitioned scheduling is also considered.
Weighted pairwise Gaussian likelihood regression for depression score prediction (2015)

This paper presents a technique in which feature vectors are mapped onto ordinal ranges of clinical depression scores using weighted pairwise Gaussians. The position of a test vector with respect to these partitions is used to perform depression score prediction. Results found on a set of spectral and formant based speech characteristics indicate the potential of this technique for performing depression score prediction. Key results on the AVEC 2013 development set indicate that the inclusion of weights and Bayesian adaptation improves system performance by 16.5% - 18.5% when compared to using an unweighted non-adapted system. Fusing results from Bayesian adapted models corresponding to different feature spaces offers up to 8% further improvement. Further, fusion consistently improves performance on both the AVEC 2013 development and test set, in contrast to conventional regressor fusion.
A dynamically-updating adaptive codebook design for CoMP joint transmission (2012)

Adaptive codebook makes the codebook-based precoding vectors change adaptively with the channels by including the spatial covariance. However, the large intervals of the long-term (typically 20ms or even longer) feedback often incur a sharp performance loss in high-speed scenarios. In this paper, per-cell codebook design for separately quantizing local channel state information (CSI) and the dynamic updating of the intra-cell spatial covariance in coordinated multi-point (CoMP) Joint Transmission are studied. Firstly, the equivalent relationship between the spatial covariance and the corresponding codebook is obtained. Then, a differential-like equation is applied to derive several important components of spatial covariance at the receiver, aiming at its reconstruction at the transmitter. Simulation results show that the proposed approach achieves better performance than the existing codebook adaption schemes, especially in high-speed scenarios. Besides, it is appropriate for a variety of application scenarios at the cost of few extra bits feedback.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of As-cast CoCrFeMnNi High Entropy Alloy (2017)

In this study, we made large-scale ingots of CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy by vacuum induction melting. The as-cast CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy contained a high proportion of columnar structures with a few equiaxed grains, and showed single phase fcc solid solutions without macro segregation and low interstitial levels. The tensile properties along the three different loading directions were investigated at low-temperature and room temperature. A decrease in temperature led to an increase in yield and tensile strengths. The increase in anisotropy due to the columnar structure was negligible. Unlike wrought CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloys, twins were actively formed in the specimen deformed at room temperature. Mechanical twinning was found to be a result of the coarse grain size, over 500 m, of the as-cast CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy, which effectively reduced the critical stress for twinning. Charpy impact tests were also conducted, and the absorbed energy of the CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy showed no dependence on the temperature or loading directions. The results of this study provide an understanding of pilot-scale high entropy alloy castings, and are expected to be utilized as basic properties for manufacturing large-scale high entropy alloy castings, which are effective in severe environments.
Automatic Gait-Pattern Adaptation Algorithms for Rehabilitation With a 4-DOF Robotic Orthosis (2004)

This paper presents newly developed algorithms for automatic adaptation of motion for a robotic rehabilitation device. The algorithms adapt the gait pattern of patients that walk on a treadmill. Three different algorithms were developed. The first one is based on inverse dynamics and online minimization of the human-machine interaction torque. The second one is based on direct dynamics and estimation of the desired variation in the gait-pattern acceleration. The third algorithm is based on impedance control and direct adaptation of the gait pattern angular trajectories. The algorithms were tested and compared in computer simulations and actual experiments on healthy subjects and patients. In simulations, all algorithms have adapted the gait pattern toward the desired one, which led to a greater than 40% reduction of interaction torques. The impedance-control-based algorithm performed best in the experiments.
Copper Oxide Impregnated Textiles with Potent Biocidal Activities (2006)

Impregnation or coating of cotton and polyester fibers with cationic copper endows them with potent broad-spectrum antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antimite properties (Borkow, G. and Gabbay, J. (2004). Putting Copper into Action: Copper-impregnated Products with Potent Biocidal Activities, FASEB Jounal, 18(14): 1728-1730). This durable platform technology enables the mass production of woven and non-woven fabrics, such as sheets, pillow covers, gowns, socks, air filters, mattress covers, carpets, etc. without the need of altering any industrial procedures or machinery, but only the introduction of copper oxide-treated fibers. The biocidal properties of fabrics containing 3-10% copper-impregnated fibers are permanent, are not affected by extreme washing conditions, and do not interfere with the manipulation of the final products (e.g., color, press, etc.). In this article, the authors describe data showing that (i) antifungal socks containing 10% w/w (weight/weight) copper-impregnated fibers alleviate athlete’s foot; (ii) antimicrobial fabrics (sheets) containing 10% (w/w) copper-impregnated fibers decrease bacterial colonization in a clinical setting; and (iii) these products do not have skin-sensitizing properties or any other adverse effects. Taken together, these results demonstrate the wide preventive and curative potential of copper oxide-impregnated apparel products.
Message-brokers: a novel interprocess communications primitive (2002)

A novel interprocess communication paradigm based on message-passing, called message-brokers, is described together with the small number of language primitives that support message-brokered interprocess communication in C. Message-brokers combine the addressing flexibility of mailboxes with the synchronization facilities of synchronous communication models, such as CSP. Message-brokers are first class data objects. The model directly supports nondeterministic interactions among multiple client and server processes, which are free to move when not communicating. It is also argued that the use of message-brokers is relatively secure and that brokered interprocess communication is well suited to distributed architectures, particularly to closely coupled distributed architectures such as hypercubes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Rapid Mapping of Protein Interactions Using Tag‐Transfer Photocrosslinkers (2018)

Analysing protein complexes by chemical crosslinking-mass spectrometry (XL-MS) is limited by the side-chain reactivities and sizes of available crosslinkers, their slow reaction rates, and difficulties in crosslink enrichment, especially for rare, transient or dynamic complexes. Here we describe two new XL reagents that incorporate a methanethiosulfonate (MTS) group to label a reactive cysteine introduced into the bait protein, and a residue-unbiased diazirine-based photoactivatable XL group to trap its interacting partner(s). Reductive removal of the bait transfers a thiol-containing fragment of the crosslinking reagent onto the target that can be alkylated and located by MS sequencing and exploited for enrichment, enabling the detection of low abundance crosslinks. Using these reagents and a bespoke UV LED irradiation platform, we show that maximum crosslinking yield is achieved within 10 seconds. The utility of this "tag and transfer" approach is demonstrated using a well-defined peptide/protein regulatory interaction (BID<sub>80-102</sub> /MCL-1), and the dynamic interaction interface of a chaperone/substrate complex (Skp/OmpA).
Transient Multiphase Flow: Past, Present, and Future with Flow Assurance Perspective (2012)

Historically, transient multiphase flow codes grew out of nuclear safety codes developed specifically to model nuclear plants during loss-of-coolant accidents (i.e., steam–water). These codes were heavily augmented by the oil and gas industry to deal with the more complex fluids, geometries, and thermodynamics associated with oil and gas production. Although several attempts were made to develop transient mixture models with a single momentum equation, development settled on two-fluid formulations, employing separate momentum equations for each phase (developed out of a force balance), as the best way forward. While such models were quite successful in simulating holdup and pressure drop during both steady-state and transient operations, many associated flow assurance issues (i.e., hydrates and hydrodynamic slugs) remain quite rudimentary. Also, the simulators themselves are terrifically slow by general computational fluid dynamics (CFD) standards. In the future, simple, powerful mixture models may well make a comeback, supplanting the more complex two-fluid models. The rationale is 3-fold: First, the simplicity of these models will allow for much greater computational speed, resulting in the possibility to run much finer grids (on the order of a pipeline diameter) than currently used by transient pipeline simulators. Second, compositional tracking could be routinely used, allowing for much simpler simulations of, for example, complex networks of differing fluids. Third, flow assurance phenomena, such as hydrate formation, could be folded directly into the multiphase model on a fundamental level rather than as an ad hoc addition.
Compressing higher order ambisonics of a multizone soundfield (2017)

At present, the majority of the studies in the area of multizone sound-field reproduction are focused on the decoding of the soundfield. In this work, we propose an approach to encode the multizone sound-field within the desired reproduction region based on higher order Ambisonics (HOA) formats. The B-format signals for the complex multizone soundfield can be derived based on the coefficients of a formulated planewave expansion. The multizone soundfield B-format signals are then compressed using two state-of-the-art audio codecs as if they were individual mono signals. The results confirm the effectiveness of this HOA-based multizone soundfield encoding. Additionally, a significant reduction on the encoding rate of the desired multizone soundfield with sufficient accuracy can be achieved by quantitatively analyzing the reproduction performance of the system. We use the acoustic energy contrast between the selected bright zone and quiet zone as the performance evaluation measure.
Tapered fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometer for simultaneous measurement of refractive index and temperature (2009)

An approach to achieve simultaneous measurement of refractive index and temperature is proposed by using a Mach–Zehnder interferometer realized on tapered single-mode optical fiber. The attenuation peak wavelength of the interference with specific order in the transmission spectrum shifts with changes in the environmental refractive index and temperature. By utilizing S-band and C/L-band light sources, simultaneous discrimination of refractive index and temperature with the tapered fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometer is demonstrated with the corresponding sensitivities of −23.188 nm/RIU (refractive index unit) and 0.071 nm/ °C, and −26.087 nm/RIU (blueshift) and 0.077 nm/°C (redshift) for the interference orders of 169 and 144, respectively.
Steels: metallurgy and applications (1993)

Technological trends in the steelmaking industry low carbon strip steels low carbon structural steels engineering steels stainless steels.
A phase 1 study of heat/phenol‐killed, <i>E. coli</i>‐encapsulated, recombinant modified peanut proteins Ara h 1, Ara h 2, and Ara h 3 (EMP‐123) for the treatment of peanut allergy (2013)

Rectal administration of EMP-123 resulted in frequent adverse reactions, including severe allergic reactions in 20%.
Hemodynamics and atherosclerosis. Insights and perspectives gained from studies of human arteries. (1988)

Atherosclerosis affects the major elastic and muscular arteries, but some vessels are largely spared while others may be markedly diseased. The carotid bifurcation, the coronary arteries, the infrarenal abdominal aorta, and the vessels supplying the lower extremities are at highest risk. The propensity for plaque formation at bifurcations, branchings, and curvatures has led to conjectures that local mechanical factors such as wall shear stress and mural tensile stress potentiate atherogenesis. Recent studies of the human vessels at high risk, and of corresponding models, have provided quantitative evidence that plaques tend to occur where flow velocity and shear stress are reduced and flow departs from a laminar, unidirectional pattern. Such flow characteristics tend to increase the residence time of circulating particles in susceptible regions while particles are cleared rapidly from regions of relatively high wall shear stress and laminar unidirectional flow. The flow patterns associated with plaque localization are most prominent during systole. Long-term consequences are therefore likely to be greatly enhanced by elevated heart rate and may exert a selective effect on the coronary arteries. The point-by-point redistribution of wall tension at regions of geometric transition has not been quantitatively related to plaque localization. Enlargement of arteries as plaques increase in size and the associated modeling of plaque and wall configuration tend to preserve an adequate and regular lumen cross section. Hemodynamic forces appear to determine changes in vessel diameter so as to restore normal levels of wall shear stress, while wall thickness architecture, and composition are closely related to tensile stress. Hemodynamic forces may also be implicated in the symptom-producing destabilization of plaques, especially in relation to wall instabilities near stenoses. The relative roles of wall shear stress, tensile stress, and the metabolism of the artery wall in the progression and complication of atherosclerosis remain to be clarified. Development of clinical techniques for relating hemodynamic and tensile properties to plaque location, stenosis, and composition should permit pathologists to provide new insights into the bases for the topographic and individual differences in plaque progression and outcome.
Trillion Cell CAD Based Cartesian Mesh Generation for the Finite Difference Time Domain Method on a 4 Gigabyte Linux Workstation (2007)

A robust CAD based, highly accurate and fast Cartesian mesh generation technique for a colossal number of cells capacity using a minimal single processor computing resource is presented. The cells are generated in Yee format for the Finite Difference Time Domain method. There are three key techniques presented that achieve this capability: a memory efficient ray tracing method, a highly accurate ray-facet intersection test, and a novel exact arithmetic tie-breaking algorithm for rays intersecting facet edges and vertices.
Ice Slurry Ingestion Increases Core Temperature Capacity and Running Time in the Heat (2010)

Compared with cold water, ice slurry ingestion lowered preexercise rectal temperature, increased submaximal endurance running time in the heat (+19% ± 6%), and allowed rectal temperature to become higher at exhaustion. As such, ice slurry ingestion may be an effective and practical precooling maneuver for athletes competing in hot environments.
Preparation of Thin Dielectric Film for Nonvolatile Memory by Thermal Oxidation of Si-Rich LPCVD Nitride (2001)

In this work, we develop methods for fabricating high quality dielectric films for nonvolatile memory applications. Oxide/Si-rich nitride/oxide structures are fabricated where the Si-rich nitride layer was deposited by the low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) technique. With a Si-rich nitride layer, the Fowler-Nordheim tunneling voltage can be cut down to 3 V for oxide thickness of about 100 Å. By reoxidizing the Si-rich nitride layer, secondary ion mass spectroscopy study reveals that the hydrogen content of nitride film and its interface can be reduced by more than 40%. With this method, high nitrogen content oxynitride and smoother oxynitride/oxide interfaces result and the interface charge trapping can be improved remarkably. © 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Dendritic Cell Vaccination in Allogeneic Stem Cell Recipients: Induction of Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV)–Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Responses Even in Patients Receiving a Transplant from an HCMV‐Seronegative Donor (2007)

Vaccination with peptide-loaded dendritic cells (DCs) has been shown to be potent immunostimulatory therapy for the management of serious infections. After allogeneic stem cell transplant (SCT), a prolonged and severe immune deficiency often leads to infectious complications. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is one such life-threatening complication after allogeneic SCT. A phase 1/2 study including 24 allogeneic SCT recipients at high risk for HCMV disease was performed to analyze the feasibility and efficacy of vaccination with HCMV peptide-loaded DCs. No acute adverse effects were observed, and a significant clinical benefit could be demonstrated in comparison to our historical control group. An induction or expansion of HCMV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes was observed in 5 patients after DC vaccination.
Repression and activation of the Drosophila dopa decarboxylase gene in glia. (1992)

Glial expression of the Drosophila dopa decarboxylase gene (Ddc) is repressed by a regulatory region located approximately 1 kb upstream of the transcriptional start site. We have used in vitro mutagenesis and germ line transformation to determine which elements within the Ddc promoter mediate repression. Our evidence suggests that the hypodermal cell activator elements IIA and IIB play a major role in the transcriptional regulation of Ddc in glial cells. A variety of mutations demonstrate that element IIA is a strong glial activator element and that element IIB is necessary for glial repression. Although these two regulatory elements are nearly identical in sequence, our data suggest that they are not redundant. Altering the wild-type number and spacing of elements IIA and IIB indicates that the wild-type arrangement of this repeat is critical for repression. We conclude that these key elements of the Ddc promoter regulate both activation and repression in glia.