gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
End-to-End Polyphonic Sound Event Detection Using Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networks with Learned Time-Frequency Representation Input (2018)

Sound event detection systems typically consist of two stages: extracting hand-crafted features from the raw audio waveform, and learning a mapping between these features and the target sound events using a classifier. Recently, the focus of sound event detection research has been mostly shifted to the latter stage using standard features such as mel spectrogram as the input for classifiers such as deep neural networks. In this work, we utilize end-to-end approach and propose to combine these two stages in a single deep neural network classifier. The feature extraction over the raw waveform is conducted by a feedforward layer block, whose parameters are initialized to extract the time-frequency representations. The feature extraction parameters are updated during training, resulting with a representation that is optimized for the specific task. This feature extraction block is followed by (and jointly trained with) a convolutional recurrent network, which has recently given state-of-the-art results in many sound recognition tasks. The proposed system does not outperform a convolutional recurrent network with fixed hand-crafted features. The final magnitude spectrum characteristics of the feature extraction block parameters indicate that the most relevant information for the given task is contained in 0 - 3 kHz frequency range, and this is also supported by the empirical results on the SED performance.
Effect of docosahexaenoic acid administration on plasma lipid profile and metabolic parameters of children with methylmalonic acidaemia (2006)

As previously found in normal children, dietary supplementation with DHA decreases the triglyceride levels, normalizing the hypertriglyceridaemia of these children without any evidence of short-term adverse effects.
Electrochemically Stimulated pH Changes: A Route To Control Chemical Reactivity (2010)

A bis-aniline-cross-linked Au nanoparticle (NP) composite is electrochemically prepared on a rough Pt film supported on a Au electrode. The electrochemical oxidation of the bis-aniline units to the quinoid state releases protons to the electrolyte solution, while the reduction of the quinoid bridges results in the uptake of protons from the electrolyte. By the cyclic oxidation of the bridging units (E = 0.25 V vs SCE), and their reduction (E = -0.05 V vs SCE), the pH of the solution could be reversibly switched between the values 5.8 and 7.2, respectively. The extent of the pH change is controlled by the number of electropolymerization cycles applied to synthesize the Au NP composite, demonstrating a ca. 1.5 pH units change by a matrix synthesized using 100 electropolymerization cycles. The pH changes are used to reversibly activate and deactivate a C-quadruplex (i-motif)-bridged Mg(2+)-dependent DNAzyme.
Mobile augmented reality applications for library services (2012)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce mobile augmented reality applications for library uses and next generation library services. Design/methodology/approach Examples are drawn from museum and archives informatics, computer science applied research, and computer vision research as well as original research and development work from the Undergraduate Library at the University of Illinois. Findings Mobile augmented reality uses include augmenting physical book stacks browsing, library navigation, optical character recognition, facial recognition, and building identification mobile software for compelling library experiences. Originality/value The paper suggests uses of mobile augmented reality applications in library settings and models a demonstration prototype interface.
Reaction pathways in nucleophilic displacements with 1-benzyl-.DELTA.2-tetrazoline-5-thione and 1,2,3,4-thiatriazoline-5-thione (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction pathways in nucleophilic displacements with 1-benzyl-.DELTA.2-tetrazoline-5-thione and 1,2,3,4-thiatriazoline-5-thioneGerrit L'Abbe, Suzanne Toppet, Gabriel Verhelst, and Catherina MartensCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 25, 3770–3772Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1974https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00939a036RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views79Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (424 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Isolation und Charakterisierung eines physiologisch vorkommenden Autoantikörpers gegen humanes alpha-Synuclein (2008)

Ziel: Identifikation und Charakterisierung eines physiologisch vorkommenden Anti-alpha-Synuclein-Autoantikörpers mit Ausblick auf einen möglichen diagnostischen bzw. therapeutischen Einsatz bei Synucleinopathien.
Cleavage profiles of tobacco etch virus (TEV)-derived substrates mediated by precursor and processed forms of the TEV NIa proteinase (1992)

Nucleotide sequences coding for proteins containing the tobacco etch virus (TEV) NIa proteinase were generated by polymerase chain reaction amplification and/or site-directed mutagenesis. These coding regions contained sequences for the proteinase alone or as part of higher Mr precursors. Following transcription and translation of these sequences in a cell-free system, the various polyproteins, all containing an active small nuclear inclusion protein (NIa) proteinase, were used to process a TEV substrate series. Most substrates were processed in a similar fashion by all proteolytic forms. However, one substrate which contained the TEV 50K/71K protein junction was differently processed by several of the polyproteins containing NIa proteinase. Substrates which previously had no identified TEV NIa proteinase cleavage sites also were tested and were not cleaved by any of the proteinase-containing polyprotein forms.
In situ growth of hierarchical boehmite on 2024 aluminum alloy surface as superhydrophobic materials (2014)

Super-hydrophobic lotus leaf like surface has been fabricated via growth of flower-like boehmite on 2024 aluminum alloy surface and subsequent POTS modification.
Aerosols and gaseous contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging of the lung (2008)

Magnetic resonance imaging of lungs and the investigation of pulmonary pathologies with this technique are limited by low proton spin density, degraded magnetic homogeneity and motion. Inhaled contrast agents (gases or aerosols) can improve the diagnostic value of MRI for lung. Paramagnetic contrast agents such as gadolinium chelates aerosol or dioxygen gas increase the relaxivity of proton in lung parenchyma and can be used to assess the ventilated fraction of the bronchoalveolar space. Similarly, inhalation of non proton-MRI nuclei such as perfluorinated gas or hyperpolarized gases ((3)He or (129)Xe) can provide functional ventilation image. In this review paper, the principles, the practical implementation, the limitations and possible safety issues of these different techniques are summarized. The main pre-clinical and clinical applications of these approaches based on oral contrast agents are reviewed and illustrated with cutting-edge lung MRI studies.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor protects against tau-related neurodegeneration of Alzheimer’s disease (2016)

Reduced expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is characterized with the formation of neuritic plaques consisting of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. A growing body of evidence indicates a potential protective effect of BDNF against Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in AD mouse models. However, the direct therapeutic effect of BDNF supplement on tauopathy in AD remains to be established. Here, we found that the BDNF level was reduced in the serum and brain of AD patients and P301L transgenic mice (a mouse model of tauopathy). Intralateral ventricle injection of adeno-associated virus carrying the gene encoding human BDNF (AAV-BDNF) achieved stable expression of BDNF gene and restored the BDNF level in the brains of P301L mice. Restoration of the BDNF level attenuated behavioral deficits, prevented neuron loss, alleviated synaptic degeneration and reduced neuronal abnormality, but did not affect tau hyperphosphorylation level in the brains of P301L mice. Long-term expression of AAV-BDNF in the brain was well tolerated by the mice. These findings suggest that the gene delivery of BDNF is a promising treatment for tau-related neurodegeneration for AD and other neurodegenerative disorders with tauopathy.
Thing-to-thing electricity micro payments using blockchain technology (2017)

Thing-to-thing payments are a key enabler in the Internet of Things (IoT) era, to ubiquitously allow for devices to pay each other for services without any human interaction. Traditional credit card-based systems are not able to handle this new paradigm, however blockchain technology is a promising payment candidate in this context. The prominent example of blockchain technology is Bitcoin, with its decentralized structure and ease of account creation. This paper presents a proof-of-concept implementation of a smart cable that connects to a smart socket and without any human interaction pays for electricity. In this paper, we identify several obstacles for the widespread use of bitcoins in thing-to-thing payments. A critical problem is the high transaction fees in the Bitcoin network when doing micro transactions. To reduce this impact, we present a single-fee micro-payment protocol that aggregates multiple smaller payments incrementally into one larger transaction needing only one transaction fee. The proof-of concept shows that trustless, autonomous, and ubiquitous thing-to-thing micro-payments is no longer a future technology.
Camera-based mobile interaction techniques for physical objects (2012)

A number of mobile applications enable users to take photos of physical objects to receive related information and services. Commercial implementations such as Google Goggles use a Point & Shoot interaction technique that requires to explicitly taking a photo to trigger the object recognition. In this paper we investigate alternative interaction techniques to receive information about physical objects. For the study we try to rule out all aspects but the basic interaction. We compare Point & Shoot with two other techniques to access information about music CDs and show that using handheld Augmented Reality is preferred by users and leads to a lower perceived task load. Our findings confirm that research and development effort towards handheld Augmented Reality is well invested.
PRMT5 Circular RNA Promotes Metastasis of Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder through Sponging miR-30c to Induce Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition (2018)

CircPRMT5 exerts critical roles in promoting UCB cells' EMT and/or aggressiveness and is a prognostic biomarker of the disease, suggesting that circPRMT5 may serve as an exploitable therapeutic target for patients with UCB.
Integrated chemical analysis microsystems in space life sciences research (1994)

A review of life sciences research in space, and the experimental infrastructure available or proposed for future development is presented. The monitoring of a wide range of chemical parameters is required in contrasting experimental configurations, ranging from autonomous experimental modules in sounding rockets, to bioregenerative life support systems on manned planetary bases. Microsystem technologies (MST) are proposed as a solution to the development of integrated chemical analysis systems which will meet both the diverse requirements for chemical monitoring systems, and the constraints of size and power imposed on instrument design by deployment on space missions. It is proposed that these technologies will transform the data yield from experiments, and expand the scope for more creative experimental protocol. The use of MST is illustrated with design concepts for cell microincubators, and a chemical analysis facility. The review concludes that the application to space life science research provides a challenging and unique opportunity for the development of demonstrator prototype microsystems.
MIMO antenna using a decoupling network for 4G USB dongle application (2010)

Abstract A compact MIMO antenna using a decoupling network for 4G USB dongle application is proposed. The proposed MIMO antenna consists of two parallel folded monopole antennas with the length of 100 mm and a decoupling network. To improve the isolation characteristic at the LTE band 13, a decoupling network was added between the two antennas placed close to each other. The decoupling network is simple and compact and consists of two sections of transmission line, a shunt reactive component and quarter‐wavelength jointed shorting structure. The proposed MIMO antenna has the isolation less than −15 dB at the LTE band 13 and the ECC is lower than 0.4 over the whole LTE band. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52:2551–2554, 2010; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25551
Method and apparatus for measuring velocity of key motion in keyboard operated musical instrument (1994)

First Page
Analysis of Cannabinoid-Containing Fluids in Illicit Vaping Cartridges Recovered from Pulmonary Injury Patients: Identification of Vitamin E Acetate as a Major Diluent (2020)

Beginning in June of 2019, there was a marked increase in reported cases of serious pulmonary injury associated with vaping. The condition, referred to as e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI), does not appear to involve an infectious agent; rather, a chemical adulterant or contaminant in vaping fluids is suspected. In August of 2019, the Wadsworth Center began receiving vaporizer cartridges recovered from patients with EVALI for analysis. Having no a priori information of what might be in the cartridges, we employed untargeted analyses using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-resolution mass spectrometry to identify components of concern. Additionally, we employed targeted analyses used for New York medical marijuana products. Here, we report on the analyses of 38 samples from the first 10 New York cases of EVALI for which we obtained cartridges. The illicit fluids had relatively low cannabinoid content, sometimes with unusual Δ<sup>9</sup>-/Δ<sup>8</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinol ratios, sometimes containing pesticides and many containing diluents. A notable diluent was α-tocopheryl acetate (vitamin E acetate; VEA), which was found in 64% of the cannabinoid-containing fluids. To investigate potential sources of the VEA, we analyzed six commercial cannabis-oil diluents/thickeners. Three were found to be >95% VEA, two were found to be primarily squalane, and one was primarily α-bisabolol. The cause(s) of EVALI is unknown. VEA and squalane are components of some personal care products; however, there is growing concern that vaping large amounts of these compounds is not safe.
Access Log Anomaly Detection (2017)

Maintaining network security is very important and tedious in today's world. Since web applications are not built on sound security methodology, they are the major target for the attackers. Analyzing access logs for detecting anomalous activities is a form of defense achieved in this paper. Anomaly detection is important because if the anomalies are not detected apriori, it may lead to hacking of the entire system. This paper is based on analyzing the stored access logs and detecting the anomalous events. Our experiment evaluates both static and dynamic logs. In dynamic implementation, the pattern matching approach is used to detect the anomalies from access logs. In Weka, the supervised neural network approach gives better anomaly prediction than unsupervised neural network approach for static logs. Maximum prediction accuracy is achieved in supervised neural networks by using Naive Bayes Multinomial Text Algorithm. Since the input attributes (logs) are strings, the use of Bayes classifier gives us a better accuracy rate while compared to other classifier algorithms. The proposed approach identifies the suspicious activities and serious anomalies that may be one of the way for the hackers to hack our system. Overall error rate of our supervised method is less than 10% and unsupervised method is approximately 30%.
Nifedipine as a therapeutic modality for raynaud's phenomenon (1983)

Eight patients with Raynaud's phenomenon were entered into a double-blind crossover study of nifedipine versus placebo, with 7 patients undergoing finger plethysmography before and after sublingual nifedipine administration. While receiving nifedipine, all patients reported decreased frequency and severity of attacks, and 4 of 5 had digital ulcer healing. Total finger blood flow increased 5 of 6 patients after treatment with sublingual nifedipine. This preliminary study indicates that nifedipine may be a useful agent for treatment of digital vasospasm.
Fluidized bed reactor for catalytic olefin polymerization (2000)

Due to the continuous improvement of catalysts and processes, polyolefins have become one of the most important plastics in the world. Polyolefins can be produced at low costs with a variety of end-use properties. Nowadays, the most important propylene polymerization processes are executed in the liquid or the gas phase or a combination of both. In contrast to propylene polymerizations in slurry phase, only a few studies have been published concerning gas or liquid phase polymerization. Especially experimental investigations of gas phase polymerizations at relevant process conditions, i.e. high pressure and temperature, are rare. The most widely established industrial gas phase technology is the fluidized bed reactor operating at 10 – 30 bar. Conversion per pass is kept low, 1-3%, to diminish concentration and temperature gradients in the reactor, which both affect the polymer properties. In 1 to 3 hours, polymer particles with a broad size distribution are obtained. There are no experimental data available in the open literature about the polymerization in such a reactor. The study reported in this thesis is concerned with a modified small-scale fluidized bed reactor to study aspects of the gas phase polymerization of propylene with a heterogeneous metallocene catalyst at conditions resembling those of industrial units as well as strongly deviating conditions. Controlled thermal gradients are provoked as they may be of interest to broaden the molecular weight distribution. To study the polymerization in such a reactor an experimentally validated kinetic model is required. The kinetic model, obtained from experiments at isothermal and isobaric conditions, is used to describe the polymerization at non-isothermal conditions in the fluid bed reactor with related molecular weight distribution of the polymer. Other important aspects that will be studied are electrostatic charging, particle mixing and elutriation of fines.
Fast stochastic inversion of marine CSEM and seismic data with the Neighbourhood Algorithm (2011)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2011Fast stochastic inversion of marine CSEM and seismic data with the Neighbourhood AlgorithmAuthors: Moritz M. FliednerSven TreitelMichael FrenkelLucy M. MacGregorMoritz M. FliednerRSI, Sven TreitelRSI, Michael FrenkelRSI, and Lucy M. MacGregorRSIhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.3627715 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Abstract Stochastic ("Monte Carlo") inversion methods, which do not involve the calculation of misfit function gradients, are now gaining interest. One such approach is via the Neighbourhood Algorithm (Sambridge, 1999a) allows to replace forward modeling for some of the examined models by the construction of an approximate error surface. This is accomplished with the use of Voronoi cells, whose dimension equals the number of parameters describing a given forward model. A brief description of the theory and its underlying assumptions is then illustrated with two examples. The first is a 2‐layer gas reservoir overlain by water, while the second is based on a single depth profile from the SEG SEAM model, which intersects a reservoir partially filled with oil.Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3627715FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byBayesian inversion of seismic and electromagnetic data for marine gas reservoir characterization using multi-chain Markov chain Monte Carlo samplingJournal of Applied Geophysics, Vol. 147 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2011ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2011 Pages: 4424 Publisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 08 Aug 2011 CITATION INFORMATION Moritz M. Fliedner, Sven Treitel, Michael Frenkel, and Lucy M. MacGregor, (2011), "Fast stochastic inversion of marine CSEM and seismic data with the Neighbourhood Algorithm," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 2517-2522. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3627715 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Palladium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroalkylation of Alkenyl‐ β‐Keto Esters, α‐Aryl Ketones, and Alkyl Ketones in the Presence of Me<sub>3</sub>SiCl or HCl (2004)

Reaction of 3-butenyl beta-keto esters or 3-butenyl alpha-aryl ketones with a catalytic amount of [PdCl2(CH3CN)2] (2) and a stoichiometric amount of Me3SiCl or Me3SiCl/CuCl2 in dioxane at 25-70 degrees C formed 2-substituted cyclohexanones in good yield with high regioselectivity. This protocol tolerated a number of ester and aryl groups and tolerated substitution at the allylic, enolic, and cis and trans terminal olefinic positions. In situ NMR experiments indicated that the chlorosilane was not directly involved in palladium-catalyzed hydroalkylation, but rather served as a source of HCl, which presumably catalyzes enolization of the ketone. Identification of HCl as the active promoter of palladium-catalyzed hydroalkylation led to the development of an effective protocol for the hydroalkylation of alkyl 3-butenyl ketones that employed sub-stoichiometric amounts of 2, HCl, and CuCl2 in a sealed tube at 70 degrees C.