gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Silicon Carbide MOSFET Integrated Circuit Technology (1997)

The research and development activities carried out to demonstrate the status of MOS planar technology for the manufacture of high temperature SiC ICs will be described. These activities resulted in the design, fabrication and demonstration of the World's first SiC analog IC — a monolithic MOSFET operational amplifier. Research tasks required for the development of a planar SiC MOSFET IC technology included characterization of the SiC/SiO2 interface using thermally grown oxides; high temperature (350 °C) reliability studies of thermally grown oxides; ion implantation studies of donor (N) and acceptor (B) dopants to form junction diodes; epitaxial layer characterization; N channel inversion and depletion mode MOSFETs; device isolation methods and finally integrated circuit design, fabrication and testing of the World's first monolithic SiC operational amplifier IC. These studies defined a SiC n-channel depletion mode MOSFET IC technology and outlined tasks required to improve all types of SiC devices. For instance, high temperature circuit drift instabilities at 350 °C were discovered and characterized. This type of instability needs to be understood and resolved because it affects the high temperature reliability of other types of SiC devices. Improvements in SiC wafer surface quality and the use of deposited oxides instead of thermally grown SiO2 gate dielectrics will probably be required for enhanced reliability. The slow reverse recovery time exhibited by n+–p diodes formed by N ion implantation is a problem that needs to be resolved for all types of planar bipolar devices. The reproducibility of acceptor implants needs to be improved before CMOS ICs and many types of power device structures will be manufacturable.
Printing conformal electronics on 3D structures with Aerosol Jet technology (2012)

Fabrication of 3D mechanical structures is sometimes achieved by layer-wise printing of inks and resins in conjunction with treatments such as photonic curing and laser sintering. The non-treated material is typically dissolved leaving the final 3D part. Such techniques are generally limited to a single material which makes it difficult to integrate high resolution, conformal electronics over part surfaces. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel, non-contact technique for printing conformal circuits called Aerosol Jet printing. This technique creates a collimated jet of aerosol droplets that extend 2-5 mm from the nozzle to the target. The deposited features can be as small as 10 microns or as large as a centimeter wide. A variety of materials can be printed such as metal nanoparticle inks, polymers, adhesives, ceramics, and bio-active matter. The print head direction and XYZ positioning is controlled by CAD/CAM software which allows conformal printing onto 3D substrates having a high level of surface topography. For example, metallic traces can be printed into 3D shapes such as trenches and via holes, as well as onto sidewalls and convex and concave surfaces. We discuss the fabrication of a conformal phase array antenna, embedded circuitry and sensors, and electronic packaging.
Image feature analysis using deft sensors (1978)

The DEFT sensor makes use of a photoconducting film deposited on a piezoelectric substrate. Two orthogonally directed surface acoustic transducers modulate the image-induced charges, creating an electronic signal of the general form i(t) «// I(x,y)f1(x±v1t)f2(y±v2t)dxdy where i(t) is a current detected by interdigital contacts laid over the film, I(x,y) is the image intensity, and f-,(t) and f2(t) are sinusoids, i(t) represents the two-dimensional Fourier transform of the image intensity. Thus, the sensors are called direct electronic fourier transform devices (DEFT). Since the Fourier transform is available, real-time processing functions can be performed, such as feature tracking and focussing.
Late Breaking Abstract - The biological pathways underlying response to anti-IL-17A (AIN457; secukinumab) therapy differ across severe asthmatic patients (2017)

Asthma stratification efforts have predominantly focused on subgroups defined by levels of circulating and sputum eosinophils. In a recent study of AIN457 treated severe asthma patients, post hoc unbiased analysis found that patients who responded to AIN457 had significantly lower levels of IgE than non-responders. This was a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study in subjects with severe asthma (GINA 4/5) that were not adequately controlled despite high doses of inhaled and/or oral corticosteroids and long-acting beta agonists. Responders were defined as >5% change from baseline of percent predicted FEV1. Post hoc analysis of the AIN457 responder subgroup was aimed at clinically and molecularly characterizing the responders, utilizing the exploratory profiling data. Analysis of available clinical endpoints showed that total IgE levels in the responder subgroup were significantly (p-value of 0.01) lower than that of the non-responder subgroup. On a molecular level, nasal brushing and PBMC transcriptomics were used to characterize responders and non-responders at baseline. Nasal brushing pathway analysis of the differentially regulated genes identified a number of asthma related pathways. The top enriched upregulated pathway in responders, was “neutrophil chemotaxis in asthma”. In PBMC, “IgE-dependent production of pro-inflammatory mediators by neutrophils in asthma” pathway was downregulated in responders. Unbiased analysis defined responders as those patients with increased nasal epithelial neutrophilic inflammation, and decreased markers of IgE driven systemic inflammation. Clinically these patients had low IgE (<150/uL).
Breast Cancer Risk Prediction Using Clinical Models and 77 Independent Risk-Associated SNPs for Women Aged Under 50 Years: Australian Breast Cancer Family Registry (2015)

Our estimates of the increased performance of clinical risk prediction models from including genetic information could be used to inform targeted screening and prevention.
Dendritic Phosphorescent Probes for Oxygen Imaging in Biological Systems (2009)

Oxygen levels in biological systems can be measured by the phosphorescence quenching method using probes with controllable quenching parameters and defined biodistributions. We describe a general approach to the construction of phosphorescent nanosensors with tunable spectral characteristics, variable degrees of quenching, and a high selectivity for oxygen. The probes are based on bright phosphorescent Pt and Pd complexes of porphyrins and symmetrically pi-extended porphyrins (tetrabenzoporphyrins and tetranaphthoporphyrins). pi-Extension of the core macrocycle allows tuning of the spectral parameters of the probes in order to meet the requirements of a particular imaging application (e.g., oxygen tomography versus planar microscopic imaging). Metalloporphyrins are encapsulated into poly(arylglycine) dendrimers, which fold in aqueous environments and create diffusion barriers for oxygen, making it possible to regulate the sensitivity and the dynamic range of the method. The periphery of the dendrimers is modified with poly(ethylene glycol) residues, which enhance the probe's solubility, diminish toxicity, and help prevent interactions of the probes with the biological environment. The probe's parameters were measured under physiological conditions and shown to be unaffected by the presence of biomacromolecules. The performance of the probes was demonstrated in applications, including in vivo microscopy of vascular pO(2) in the rat brain.
Cloning of rat brain protein kinase C complementary DNA (1986)

Four peptides derived from rat brain protein kinase C were partially sequenced. Using synthetic oligonucleotides deduced from the amino acid sequences as probes, a clone of complementary DNA (cDNA) was isolated from a cDNA library prepared from the same tissue. The nucleotide sequence of this cDNA clone revealed the primary structure of the carboxyl-terminal region as having 224 amino acids, with significant sequence homology with cyclic AMP-dependent and cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinases.
A Precision Wideband Quadrature Generation Technique With Feedback Control for Millimeter-Wave Communication Systems (2017)

An integrated two-stage polyphase filter (PPF) with feedback control for quadrature local oscillator generation at millimeter-wave frequencies is described. To minimize the in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) mismatch, the second stage of the PPF utilizes triode-region nMOS transistors to implement variable resistors where the resistance is precisely controlled by modulating the shared gate-to-source bias voltage at the gate of nMOS devices. The gate bias voltage of the triode-region devices is set by a feedback loop which changes with variations in process, voltage, and temperature. A prototype quadrature signal generator, employing this PPF design, is integrated in a 28-nm LP CMOS process. A worst case measured phase/amplitude imbalance of 2°/0.32 dB (typical-typical corner dies) and 2.2°/0.55 dB (slow-slow corner dies) is reported over 7-GHz bandwidth for a fixed control current (ICtrl). By retuning ICtrl at every 7 GHz, this IQ generator would maintain the measured quadrature accuracy from 55 to 70 GHz. The core area occupied by the IQ generator circuitry is 20 μm × 40 μm and the device consumes less than 192 μW, of which 120/72 μW comes from the feedback control-loop/opamp, respectively. The proposed PPF method has a simulated input impedance of 150 Ω in-parallel with 18 fF.
Imino‐bridged heterocycles. II. Regiospecific synthesis of the 11<i>H</i>‐benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2‐<i>c</i>]pyridin‐6,11‐imine and 5<i>H</i>‐benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2‐<i>b</i>]pyridin‐5,10‐imine systems (1982)

Abstract Regiospecific synthetic pathways for two of the eight isomeric benzocycloheptapyridinimines have been developed based upon intramolecular acid catalyzed additions between an amine function and an internal olefin. The requisite amines were generated from known tricyclic ketones by ketimine formation followed by sodium borohydride reduction.
Formation of Curved Micrometer-Sized Single Crystals (2014)

Crystals in nature often demonstrate curved morphologies rather than classical faceted surfaces. Inspired by biogenic curved single crystals, we demonstrate that gold single crystals exhibiting curved surfaces can be grown with no need of any fabrication steps. These single crystals grow from the confined volume of a droplet of a eutectic composition melt that forms via the dewetting of nanometric thin films. We can control their curvature by controlling the environment in which the process is carried out, including several parameters, such as the contact angle and the curvature of the drops, by changing the surface tension of the liquid drop during crystal growth. Here we present an energetic model that explains this phenomenon and predicts why and under what conditions crystals will be forced to grow with the curvature of the microdroplet even though the energetic state of a curved single crystal is very high.
Carrier Phase Error Estimation by Smoothing Filters (2014)

In this paper, we present a novel smoothing filter for estimating carrier phase error due to phase noise. The smoothing filter consists of forward and backward recursive filters, each of which is analogous to a conventional first-order phase-locked loop. Results of the mean square error performance are shown for this smoothing filter-based phase error estimation method when working in data-aided and decision-directed modes. We then apply the method as a code-aided phase error estimation technique in an iterative receiver framework. It is shown through simulations that the scheme has a very high phase noise tolerance.
Low Profile Mesh Plating for Patella Fractures: Video of a Novel Surgical Technique (2016)

Patella fractures can be challenging to treat particularly in the presence of inferior pole comminution. In this video we present a novel surgical technique for the treatment of patella fractures using a small fragment low profile mesh plate. Key points are the surgical exposure with direct visualization of the articular reduction, the preparation of the mesh plate to accommodate patellar anatomy and the augmentation of the construct using Krackow sutures to address inferior pole comminution. Low profile mesh plating allows for multiplanar fixation of patella fractures while avoiding implant and fixation problems related to tension band fixation. Our early experience with this technique is encouraging and it appears that this technique is useful for the treatment of the majority of patella fractures.
A review on MR vascular image processing: skeleton versus nonskeleton approaches: part II (2002)

Vascular segmentation has recently been given much attention. This review paper has two parts. Part I of this review focused on the physics of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and prefiltering techniques applied to MRA. Part II of this review presents the state-of-the-art overview, status, and new achievements in vessel segmentation algorithms from MRA. The first part of this review paper is focused on the nonskeleton or direct-based techniques. Here, we present eight different techniques along with their mathematical foundations, algorithms and their pros and cons. We will also focus on the skeleton or indirect-based techniques. We will discuss three different techniques along with their mathematical foundations, algorithms and their pros and cons. This paper also includes a clinical discussion on skeleton versus nonskeleton-based segmentation techniques. Finally, we shall conclude this paper with the possible challenges, the future, and a brief summary on vascular segmentation techniques.
Self-training adaptive equalization for multilevel partial-response transmission systems (2002)

We present a new self-training method for adjusting the coefficients of a transversal equalizer with T-spaced taps in a multilevel partial response class-IV (PRIV) system. Self-training equalization from distorted random data signals is inherently more difficult to achieve for partial-response systems than for full-response systems. An equalizer with T-spaced taps is sufficient to obtain equalized output signals for arbitrary sampling phase. Following Sato (1975), in the described self-training equalization algorithm we first transform the equalizer output into full-response form, then compute a pseudo-error signal, and finally translate the pseudo-error signal into an error signal for the desired partial-response equalizer output. This error signal is used to adjust the equalizer coefficients according to the LMS algorithm. The new method differs from the Sato algorithm in two ways. First, the channel inversion for obtaining full-response signals is accomplished exactly by mixed linear feedback and decision feedback equalization, whereas in the case of the Sato algorithm the inversion is only achieved approximately. Secondly, for the derivation of pseudo-error signals more knowledge of the statistical properties of ideal, but noisy full-response signals is exploited. We present simulation results illustrating the superior convergence properties of the new self-training method.
An impedance sensor for MEMS adaptive antenna matching (2015)

We propose a new calibration mechanism for passive adaptive cellular antenna matching network containing MEMS-based tunable devices. To avoid expensive and bulky couplers and reference circuitry, the tuner contains voltage and current sensors inserted before the antenna matching network. The sensed complex impedance generates 2-bit update controls for the tuning algorithm, which drives the MEMS-based tunable devices. The impedance sensing IC is designed to operate in the frequency range of 1.7-2.7 GHz and the clock frequency is 50 kHz.
Protecting quantum entanglement from amplitude damping (2013)

Quantum entanglement is a critical resource for quantum information and quantum computation. However, entanglement of a quantum system is subjected to change due to the interaction with the environment. One typical result of the interaction is the amplitude damping that usually results in the reduction of the entanglement. Here we propose a protocol to protect quantum entanglement from the amplitude damping by applying Hadamard and CNOT gates. As opposed to some recently studied methods, the scheme presented here does not require weak measurement in the reversal process, leading to a faster recovery of entanglement. We propose a possible experimental implementation based on linear optical system.
Exceptional Gas Adsorption Properties by Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbons Derived from Benzimidazole-Linked Polymers (2015)

Heteroatom-doped porous carbons are emerging as platforms for use in a wide range of applications including catalysis, energy storage, and gas separation or storage, among others. The use of high activation temperatures and heteroatom multiple-source precursors remain great challenges, and this study aims to addresses both issues. A series of highly porous N-doped carbon (CPC) materials was successfully synthesized by chemical activation of benzimidazole-linked polymers (BILPs) followed by thermolysis under argon. The high temperature synthesized CPC-700 reaches surface area and pore volume as high as 3240 m2 g–1 and 1.51 cm3 g–1, respectively, while low temperature activated CPC-550 exhibits the highest ultramicropore volume of 0.35 cm3 g–1. The controlled activation process endows CPCs with diverse textural properties, adjustable nitrogen content (1–8 wt %), and remarkable gas sorption properties. In particular, exceptionally high CO2 uptake capacities of 5.8 mmol g–1 (1.0 bar) and 2.1 mmol g–1 (0.15 bar) at ambient temperature were obtained for materials prepared at 550 °C due to a combination of a high level of N-doping and ultramicroporosity. Furthermore, CPCs prepared at higher temperatures exhibit remarkable total uptake for CO2 (25.7 mmol g–1 at 298 K and 30 bar) and CH4 (20.5 mmol g–1 at 298 K and 65 bar) as a result of higher total micropores and small mesopores volume. Interestingly, the N sites within the imidazole rings of BILPs are intrinsically located in pyrrolic/pyridinic positions typically found in N-doped carbons. Therefore, the chemical and physical transformation of BILPs into CPCs is thermodynamically favored and saves significant amounts of energy that would otherwise be consumed during carbonization processes.
Microwave oscillator with reduced phase noise by negative feedback incorporating microwave signals with suppressed carrier (1989)

Oscillator configurations which reduce the effect of 1/f noise sources for both direct feedback and stabilized local oscillator (STALO) circuits are developed and analyzed. By appropriate use of carrier suppression, a small signal is generated which suffers no loss of loop phase information or signal-to-noise ratio. This small signal can be amplified without degradation by multiplicative amplifier noise, and can be detected without saturation of the detector. Together with recent advances in microwave resonator Qs, these circuit improvements will make possible lower phase noise than can be presently achieved without the use of cryogenic devices.
Semantic api matching for automatic service composition (2004)

In this paper, we address the problem of matching I/O descriptions of services to enable their automatic service composition. Specifically, we develop a method of semantic schema matching and apply it to the API schemas constituting the I/O descriptions of services. The algorithm assures an optimal match of corresponding entities by obtaining a maximum matching in a bi-partite graph formed from the attributes.
ChemInform Abstract: AZETIDINE DERIVATIVES OF TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENTS (1979)

Abstract Auf dem im Formelschema skizzierten Wegen werden Azetidin‐Derivate wie (IV) und (X) dargestellt.
An iterative algorithm for trust and reputation management (2009)

Trust and reputation play critical roles in most environments wherein entities participate in various transactions and protocols among each other. The recipient of the service has no choice but to rely on the reputation of the service provider based on the latter's prior performance. This paper introduces an iterative method for trust and reputation management referred as ITRM. The proposed algorithm can be applied to centralized schemes, in which a central authority collects the reports and forms the reputations of the service providers as well as report/rating trustworthiness of the (service) consumers. The proposed iterative algorithm is inspired by the iterative decoding of low-density parity-check codes over bipartite graphs. The scheme is robust in filtering out the peers who provide unreliable ratings. We provide a detailed evaluation of ITRM via analysis and computer simulations. Further, comparison of ITRM with some well-known reputation management techniques (e.g., Averaging Scheme, Bayesian Approach and Cluster Filtering) indicates the superiority of our scheme both in terms of robustness against attacks (e.g., ballot-stuffing, bad-mouthing) and efficiency. Furthermore, we show that the computational complexity of the proposed ITRM is far less than the Cluster Filtering; which has the closest performance (to ITRM) in terms of resiliency to attacks. Specifically, the complexity of ITRM is linear in the number of clients, while that of the Cluster Filtering is quadratic.
Adaptive multi-cue fusion for robust detection of unmarked inner-city streets (2009)

First vision-based approaches for detecting the drivable road area on unmarked streets were introduced in recent years. Although most of these visual feature-based approaches show sound results in scenarios of limited complexity, they seem to lack the necessary system-inherent flexibility to run in complex cluttered environments under changing lighting conditions. Our proposed architecture relies on four novel approaches that make such systems more generic by autonomously adapting important system parameters to the environment. As the presented results show, the approach allows for robust road detection on unmarked inner-city streets without manual tuning of internal parameters. The described system was implemented in C relying on the Intel performance primitives library and proved its real-time capability. It will be a sub-module of an advanced driver assistance architecture, which runs in real-time on a test vehicle.
Fast Beam Migration Using Plane Wave Destructor (PWD) Beam Forming (2013)

Fast Beam Migration is a super-efficient algorithm that is two orders of magnitude faster than the industry standard Kirchhoff depth migration, and at the same time images multi-pathing energy, a property that is typically associated with wave-equation migration algorithms. The faster and more accurate imaging step allows for more iterations of velocity model building (50-100 iterations, instead of the current 5-10), which enable the processing team to enhance the seismic resolution and imaging of complex geologic structures. Improved velocity models in combination with FBM or wave-equation imaging can provide much greater resolution and accuracy than what can be accomplished today with standard imaging technology.