gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Unification of MLSE receivers and extension to time-varying channels (1998)

Forney (1972) and Ungerboeck (1974) have each developed maximum-likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE) receivers for intersymbol interference (ISI) channels. The Forney receiver uses a whitened matched filter, followed by a sequence estimation algorithm using the Euclidean distance metric. The Ungerboeck receiver uses a matched filter, followed by a sequence estimation algorithm using a modified metric. A unified development of both receivers is given, in which each receiver is derived from the other. By deriving the Ungerboeck receiver from the Forney receiver, we show that the whitening operation is cancelled in the Euclidean distance metric, leaving the modified metric. In addition, the Ungerboeck receiver is extended to the case of a time-varying known channel. When the channel is unknown, decision-directed channel estimation is assumed, which requires channel prediction to account for the decision delay. It is shown that the Ungerboeck receiver requires additional channel prediction, degrading performance due to prediction uncertainty. To solve this problem, two alternative receiver forms are developed which do not require additional prediction, though the computational complexity is increased. Performance and complexity of the receiver forms are compared for the IS-136 digital cellular time-division multiple-access (TDMA) standard.
Total synthesis of the oligosaccharide fragment of calicheamicin .gamma.1I (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of the oligosaccharide fragment of calicheamicin .gamma.1IK. C. Nicolaou, Robert D. Groneberg, T. Miyazaki, N. A. Stylianides, T. J. Schulze, and W. StahlCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 22, 8193–8195Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00178a069https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00178a069research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1804Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
IMPULSE: A scalable algorithm for design of minimum specific absorption rate parallel transmit RF pulses (2018)

IMPULSE can handle significantly larger number of SAR matrices and slices than conventional optimization algorithms, enabling the use of uncompressed or partially compressed SAR matrices to design pulses for a multislice scan in a practical time frame.
Method for generating a crystalline {sup 99}MoO{sub 3} product and the isolation {sup 99m}Tc compositions therefrom (1998)

An improved method for producing .sup.99m Tc compositions. .sup.100 Mo metal is irradiated with photons in a particle (electron) accelerator to produce .sup.99 Mo metal which is dissolved in a solvent. A solvated .sup.99 Mo product is then dried to generate a supply of .sup.99 MoO.sub.3 crystals. The crystals are thereafter heated at a temperature which will sublimate the crystals and form a gaseous mixture containing vaporized .sup.99m TcO.sub.3 and vaporized .sup.99m TcO.sub.2 but will not cause the production of vaporized .sup.99 MoO.sub.3. The mixture is then combined with an oxidizing gas to generate a gaseous stream containing vaporized .sup.99m Tc.sub.2 O.sub.7. Next, the gaseous stream is cooled to a temperature sufficient to convert the vaporized .sup.99m Tc.sub.2 O.sub.7 into a condensed .sup.99m Tc-containing product. The product has high purity levels resulting from the use of reduced temperature conditions and ultrafine crystalline .sup.99 MoO.sub.3 starting materials with segregated .sup.99m Tc compositions therein which avoid the production of vaporized .sup.99 MoO.sub.3 contaminants.
Comparison of beamforming strategies for dual-frequency band imaging using a large frequency separation (2010)

The World Health Organization has recommended the integrated model of care as the current best practice of care, and, in recent years, it has been gaining popularity worldwide in various settings. However, there have been very few reports on applications of this model to the care of patients with gastrointestinal problems and no reports in the case of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, several IBD centres worldwide have been using the model as part of their standard care. This discussion paper aims to bring together these units' shared experiences with a range of integrated models of care in order to identify common features and provide recommendations on aspirational care for IBD patients.
On the Search for Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence Signatures of $^{235}{\rm U}$ and $^{238}{\rm U}$ Above 3 MeV (2010)

Nuclear resonance fluorescence is a physical process that provides an isotope-specific signature that could be used for the identification and characterization of materials. The technique involves the detection of prompt discrete-energy photons emitted from a sample that is exposed to MeV-energy photons. Potential applications of the technique range from detection of high explosives to characterization of special nuclear materials such as <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">235</sup> U. We conducted a pair of measurements to search for a nuclear resonance fluorescence response of <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">235</sup> U above 3 MeV and of <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">238</sup> U above 5 MeV using an 8 g sample of highly enriched uranium and a 90 g sample of depleted uranium. No new signatures were observed. The minimum detectable integrated cross section for <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">235</sup> U varies from 4 eV b at 3 MeV up to 120 eV b at 8 MeV.
Evaluation of the Purge Water Management System (PWMS) monitor well sampling technology at SRS (1997)

Due to the complex issues surrounding Investigation Derived Waste (IDW) at SRS, the Environmental Restoration Division has been exploring new technologies to deal with the purge water generated during monitoring well sampling. Standard procedures for sampling generates copious amounts of purge water that must be managed as hazardous waste, when containing hazardous and/or radiological contaminants exceeding certain threshold levels. SRS has obtained Regulator approval to field test an innovative surface release prevention mechanism to manage purge water. This mechanism is referred to as the Purge Water Management System (PWMS) and consists of a collapsible bladder situated within a rigid metal tank.
Fundamental studies in the conversion of coals to fuels of increased hydrogen content. Volume 2. The chemistry and mechanisms of coal conversion to clean fuel: Appendixes. Interim report (1981)

Research has been carried out to investigate thermal coal dissolution at short reaction times as a first step toward exploring the interrelationship of thermal and catalytic processes in coal liquefaction. Related studies have examined the mechanisms of coal liquefaction in high boiling solvents. Coal conversions were examined at a variety of conditions. Reaction products were characterized by numerous techniques to give insight into the compositional changes occurring at short times, the influence of coal and solvent composition and the extent of solvent-coal interactions. Coal dissolution in high boiling solvents was investigated in parallel studies using pure model compounds and high boiling coal-derived liquids. Procedures were developed to separate coal-derived liquids into distillate and nondistillable fractions and to effect further separation on a preparative scale into different chemical classes. Liquid chromatography was used extensively to characterize the solvents and relate their composition to coal conversion. Volume 2 is comprised of appendices covering the numerous analyses performed on the coals, solvents, and products. Also included are the computer programs used to correlate the data and descriptions of experimental conditions and results.
Effects of compositional changes on the performance of a thermal barrier coating system (1978)

Currently proposed thermal barrier systems for aircraft gas turbine engines consist of NiCrAlY bond coating covered with an insulating oxide layer of yttria-stabilized zirconia. The effect of yttrium concentration (from 0.15 to 1.08 w/o) in the bond coating and the yttria concentration (4 to 24.4 w/o) in the oxide layer were evaluated. Furnace, natural gas-oxygen torch, and Mach 1.0 burner rig cyclic tests on solid specimens and air-cooled blades were used to identify trends in coating behavior. Results indicate that the combinations of yttrium levels between 0.15 - 0.35 w/o in the bond coating and the yttria concentration between 6 - 8 w/o in the zirconium oxide layer were the most adherent and resistant to high temperature cyclic exposure.
Trans-acting regulation of antibiotic TA genes in Myxococcus xanthus (2006)

Two regulatory mutations of Myxococcus xanthus, which cause an increase in the transcription of genes required for antibiotic TA synthesis, were mapped by transduction and their effect on transcription of four TA genes examined. The two regulatory mutations were closely linked and located within the 40-kb TA gene cluster on the M. xanthus chromosome. Recombinants were constructed which contained one of the regulatory mutations and promoter probes in the four different TA genes. Both regulatory mutations enhanced transcription of three of the four TA genes. However, construction of a strain containing the over-expression regulatory mutation in a wild-type background produced less antibiotic than the parental strain.
A Novel Method for Clinical Cochlear Duct Length Estimation toward Patient‐Specific Cochlear Implant Selection (2018)

With accuracy improvements of 80% to 90% in comparison with previously proposed approaches, the method is well suited for the use in individualized cochlear implantation.
Modeling and control for self-servowriting in hard disk drives: a repetitive process approach (2006)

This paper considers modeling and correction signal design for self servo writing in disk drives. Self-servowriting is a process whereby the position and timing burst information are written on the disk surface by using the servo information from a previously written track as a reference (seed) for writing the burst information on a subsequent track, and repeating the process. An obstacle to this process is radial error propagation, whereby the distortion in the successive written tracks builds up. In this paper, a reference correction signal is designed which when added to the position error signal (PES) prevents the radial error propagation. The design of the correction signal is carried out through a repetitive systems approach and does not require several revolutions of track following in order to compute it. The analysis is verified by means of simulations which show the containment of radial error propagation.
Safety and immunogenicity of oral tetravalent human-rhesus reassortant rotavirus vaccine in neonates (1992)

We conducted a prospective randomized double blind study to determine: (1) the safety and immunogenicity of live oral tetravalent human-rhesus rotavirus reassortant vaccine in neonates; and (2) whether a second dose at the age of 6 to 8 weeks enhances the immunogenicity. Two hundred forty healthy neonates were enrolled and received vaccine (183) or placebo (57) on the second day of life. At the age of 6 to 8 weeks 133 received placebo and 88 received a second dose of vaccine. Medical events were noted within 10 days from vaccine administration in 6 of 183 (3.3%) vaccine recipients vs. 0 of 57 placebo recipients (P = 0.34) after the first dose and in 8 of 88 (9%) vs. 4 of 133 (3%) after the second dose (P = 0.069); none was severe and all were of short duration. Seroresponse of any type (detectable IgA or 4-fold increase of titer to rhesus rotavirus was 9% for the placebo, vs. 52 and 46% for those who received one and two doses of vaccine, respectively. However, neutralizing antibodies against human serotypes 1, 2 and 3 were not raised successfully in vaccinated infants when compared with placebo recipients. The same pattern was found when geometric mean titers were compared. Vaccine take was better when cord blood titers were low. At the age of 1 year the vaccinees had more often high titers for antirhesus rotavirus antibodies (> 640) than the placebo recipients (49% vs. 0%; P < 0.001). NO difference was found between the groups in neutralizing antibodies to human serotypes 1, 2 and 3 rotavirus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Stacking Neutral Analytes in Capillary Electrokinetic Chromatography with High-Salt Sample Matrixes (2000)

We recently described a method to stack neutral analytes in electrokinetic chromatography dependent upon using high-salt sample matrixes (Palmer et al. Anal. Chem. 1999, 71, 1679−1687) The use of a high-mobility co-ion in the sample matrix at a higher concentration than the like-charged electrokinetic vector (e.g., charged micelle) in the separation buffer as we previously suggested induces a single-boundary, discontinuous buffer system which subsequently stacks neutral analytes. Under these conditions, it is possible to electrokinetically inject neutral analytes directly from a high-salt sample matrix via electroosmotic flow, with stacking initiated simultaneously with injection. The correspondence by Quirino et al. (Anal. Chem., previous paper in this issue) suggests the effects of the high-salt sample matrix on stacking of micelles is obviated by a destacking of the micelle zone as it exits the sample zone. They reevaluate the high-salt stacking mode in terms of the γ function. Based on the present data, it is our interpretation that the stacking efficiency is not accurately represented by the γ function and that neither micelle zone nor neutral analyte destacking occurs under conditions we previously described. Low stacking efficiency when low-conductivity sample matrixes are used indicates that the high-salt stacking effect cannot be explained simply as a function of the k value of an analyte/micelle system.
Effects of birefringence and detuning on entanglement generation in poled fibers: How much is too much? (2013)

Birefringence in poled fiber enables the direct (compensation-free) generation of broadband polarization-entangled photon pairs. However, birefringence and pump detuning also affect the entangled state, a subject we investigate in this work theoretically and experimentally.
Boxlets: A Fast Convolution Algorithm for Signal Processing and Neural Networks (1998)

Signal processing and pattern recognition algorithms make exten-sive use of convolution. In many cases, computational accuracy is not as important as computational speed. In feature extraction, for instance, the features of interest in a signal are usually quite distorted. This form of noise justifies some level of quantization in order to achieve faster feature extraction. Our approach consists of approximating regions of the signal with low degree polynomi-als, and then differentiating the resulting signals in order to obtain impulse functions (or derivatives of impulse functions). With this representation, convolution becomes extremely simple and can be implemented quite effectively. The true convolution can be recov-ered by integrating the result of the convolution. This method yields substantial speed up in feature extraction and is applicable to convolutional neural networks. 1
A new bend design criterium: the 'Matched Bend' (2002)

A new concept for the design of curved dielectric waveguides is proposed. The bends designed according to this criterion are called Matched Bends. We show that using this approach each bent section of integrated optics components can be designed and optimized avoiding the transition losses and, even more important, the distortion of the field outgoing from the bend.
Improved Slip Casting Of Ceramic Models (1994)

Improved technique of investment slip casting developed for making precise ceramic wind-tunnel models. Needed in wind-tunnel experiments to verify predictions of aerothermodynamical computer codes. Ceramic materials used because of their low heat conductivities and ability to survive high temperatures. Present improved slip-casting technique enables casting of highly detailed models from aqueous or nonaqueous solutions. Wet shell molds peeled off models to ensure precise and undamaged details. Used at NASA Langley Research Center to form superconducting ceramic components from nonaqueous slip solutions. Technique has many more applications when ceramic materials developed further for such high-strength/ temperature components as engine parts.
Effect of spatial coherence on photolithographic phase mask performance (1996)

We show that, contrary to the prevailing trend in photolithography, increasing the spatial coherence of illumination does not necessarily improve the performance of phase masks in enhancing resolution and focal depth. Simulations and experiments show that for large (aperiodic) phase masks, the optimal coherence diameter is determined by the minimum resolvable feature size, not the size of the mask. This is due to a trade-off between the destructive interference of adjacent features under coherent illumination and the larger effective aperture of incoherent illumination.
Visually-Aware Fashion Recommendation and Design with Generative Image Models (2017)

Building effective recommender systems for domains like fashion is challenging due to the high level of subjectivity and the semantic complexity of the features involved (i.e., fashion styles). Recent work has shown that approaches to 'visual' recommendation (e.g. clothing, art, etc.) can be made more accurate by incorporating visual signals directly into the recommendation objective, using 'off-the-shelf' feature representations derived from deep networks. Here, we seek to extend this contribution by showing that recommendation performance can be significantly improved by learning 'fashion aware' image representations directly, i.e., by training the image representation (from the pixel level) and the recommender system jointly; this contribution is related to recent work using Siamese CNNs, though we are able to show improvements over state-of-the-art recommendation techniques such as BPR and variants that make use of pretrained visual features. Furthermore, we show that our model can be used generatively, i.e., given a user and a product category, we can generate new images (i.e., clothing items) that are most consistent with their personal taste. This represents a first step towards building systems that go beyond recommending existing items from a product corpus, but which can be used to suggest styles and aid the design of new products.
Liquid Crystal Alignment Layer With Controllable Anchoring Energies (2008)

We demonstrate a liquid crystal alignment layer with controllable polar and azimuthal anchoring energies. This alignment layer is based on a nanostructured surface formed by mixing a conventional polyimide and a nonaligning polymer. By using this variable anchoring alignment layer, large cell gap bistable twisted nematic LCD requiring asymmetric anchoring can be fabricated.
Structure-Function Studies of Polymyxin B Lipononapeptides (2019)

The emerging threat of infections caused by highly drug-resistant bacteria has prompted a resurgence in the use of the lipodecapeptide antibiotics polymyxin B and colistin as last resort therapies. Given the emergence of resistance to these drugs, there has also been a renewed interest in the development of next generation polymyxins with improved therapeutic indices and spectra of action. We report structure-activity studies of 36 polymyxin lipononapeptides structurally characterised by an exocyclic FA-Thr²-Dab³ lipodipeptide motif instead of the native FA-Dab¹-Thr²-Dab³ tripeptide motif found in polymyxin B, removing one of the positively charged residues believed to contribute to nephrotoxicity. The compounds were prepared by solid phase synthesis using an on-resin cyclisation approach, varying the fatty acid and the residues at position 2 (P2), P3 and P4, then assessing antimicrobial potency against a panel of Gram-negative bacteria, including polymyxin-resistant strains. Pairwise comparison of <i>N</i>-acyl nonapeptide and decapeptide analogues possessing different fatty acids demonstrated that antimicrobial potency is strongly influenced by the <i>N</i>-terminal L-Dab-1 residue, contingent upon the fatty acid. This study highlights that antimicrobial potency may be retained upon truncation of the <i>N</i>-terminal L-Dab-1 residue of the native exocyclic lipotripeptide motif found in polymyxin B. The strategy may aid in the design of next generation polymyxins.
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor protects against high-fat diet-induced obesity (2014)

Obesity is a growing epidemic with limited effective treatments. The neurotrophic factor glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) was recently shown to enhance β-cell mass and improve glucose control in rodents. Its role in obesity is, however, not well characterized. In this study, we investigated the ability of GDNF to protect against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. GDNF transgenic (Tg) mice that overexpress GDNF under the control of the glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter and wild-type (WT) littermates were maintained on a HFD or regular rodent diet for 11 wk, and weight gain, energy expenditure, and insulin sensitivity were monitored. Differentiated mouse brown adipocytes and 3T3-L1 white adipocytes were used to study the effects of GDNF in vitro. Tg mice resisted the HFD-induced weight gain, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hyperleptinemia, and hepatic steatosis seen in WT mice despite similar food intake and activity levels. They exhibited significantly (P<0.001) higher energy expenditure than WT mice and increased expression in skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α and β1- and β3-adrenergic receptor genes, which are associated with increased lipolysis and enhanced lipid β-oxidation. In vitro, GDNF enhanced β-adrenergic-mediated cAMP release in brown adipocytes and suppressed lipid accumulation in differentiated 3T3L-1 cells through a p38MAPK signaling pathway. Our studies demonstrate a novel role for GDNF in the regulation of high-fat diet-induced obesity through increased energy expenditure. They show that GDNF and its receptor agonists may be potential targets for the treatment or prevention of obesity.
Application of direct virtual coil to dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI and MR angiography with data‐driven parallel imaging (2013)

For dynamic contrast-enhanced MR applications, it is clinically feasible to reduce image reconstruction time while maintaining image quality and time course measurement using the DVC technique.