gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A CNN-inspired mixed signal processor based on tunnel transistors (2015)

Novel devices are under investigation to extend the performance scaling trends that have long been associated with Moore's Law-based device scaling. Among the emerging devices being studied, tunnel FETs (or TFETs) are particularly attractive, especially when targeting low power systems. This paper studies the potential of analog/mixed-signal information processing using TFETs. The design of a highly-parallel processor — inspired by cellular neural networks — is presented. Signal processing is performed partially in the time-domain to better leverage the unique properties of TFETs, i.e., (i) steep slopes (high g m /I DS ) in the subthreshold region, and (ii) high output resistance in the saturation region. Assuming an InAs TFET with feature sizes comparable to the 14 nm technology node, a power efficiency of 10,000 GOPS/W is projected. By comparison, state-of-the-art hardware assuming CMOS technology promises a power efficiency only close to 1,000 GOPS/W.
Non-thermal plasma enhances endothelial cell proliferation through fibroblast growth factor-2 release (2009)

Summary form only given. Non-thermal atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge plasma is currently being developed for a wide variety of clinical applications, including skin sterilization, blood coagulation, malignant cell apoptosis, and wound healing. Angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels from existing vessels, is critical in wound healing. Endothelial cells, which line the inner surface of blood vessels, control the angiogenic process through production, release, and response to growth factors. We hypothesized that low level plasma treatment can enhance endothelial cell proliferation through growth factor release. Porcine aortic endothelial cells were seeded in vitro on 18 mm diameter cover glasses in 12 well plates near confluence (4 x 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> cells per well). Cells were cultured for at least 24 hours prior to plasma treatment to allow full attachment and spreading. We then treated the endothelial cells using non-thermal dielectric barrier discharge plasma at a power level of 1 W/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> for varying exposure times (short exposures of 5 s, 15 s and 30 s and long exposures of 60 s and 120 s). Viable endothelial cell number was determined by Coulter counting trypsinized cells. Endothelial cell apoptosis was measured using an Annexin V-Propidium Iodide assay. Cell proliferation was quantified via a BrDU assay. FGF-Release was quantified by ELISA. Our previous results demonstrated that non-thermal plasma is non-toxic to endothelial cells at short exposure times up to 30 s, while longer exposure times are cytotoxic. Cells treated with low levels of non-thermal plasma demonstrated enhanced proliferation as compared to untreated cells five days after treatment. Proliferation was related to cellular soluble factor release, since conditioned media from plasma treated cells induced similar proliferation when applied to untreated cells. Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2), a potent angiogenic factor, is a prime candidate for plasma release, since it is only known to be released with cell membrane damage. Endothelial cell FGF2 release increased up to 3 h after plasma treatment, and the cell proliferative response to plasma treatment was negated by an FGF2 blocking antibody. Reactive oxygen species generated by non-thermal plasma in liquid may mediate FGF2 release from endothelial cells after plasma treatment, since effects were blocked with a reactive oxygen species scavenger. These data suggest that low level non-thermal plasma treatment enhances endothelial cell proliferation through FGF2 release. Future work includes three-dimensional models of angiogenesis.
Coaxial multiway planar diaphragm type loudspeaker system (1983)

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Reliability Enhancement of Anisotropic Conductive Adhesives Flip Chip on Organic Substrates by Non-Conducting Filler Additions (2000)

Flip chip assembly on organic substrates using ACAs have received much attentions due to many advantages such as easier processing, good electrical performance, lower cost, and low temperature processing compatible with organic substrates. ACAs are generally composed of epoxy polymer resin and small amount of conductive fillers (less than 10 wt.%). As a result, ACAs have almost the same CTE values as an epoxy material itself which are higher than conventional underfill materials which contains lots of fillers. Therefore, it is necessary to lower the CTE value of ACAs to obtain more reliable flip chip assembly on organic substrates using ACAs. To modify the ACA composite materials with some amount of conductive fillers, non-conductive fillers were incorporated into ACAs. In this paper, we investigated the effect of fillers on the thermo-mechanical properties of modified ACA composite materials and the reliability of flip chip assembly on organic substrates using modified ACA composite materials. For the characterization of modified ACAs composites with different content of non-conducting fillers, dynamic scanning calorimeter (DSC), and thermo-gravimetric analyser (TGA), dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA), and thermo-mechanical analyzer (TMA) were utilized. As the non-conducting filler content increased, CTE values decreased and storage modulus at room temperature increased. In addition, the increase in the content of filler brought about the increase of and . However, the TGA behaviors stayed almost the same. Contact resistance changes were measured during reliability tests such as thermal cycling, high humidity and temperature, and high temperature at dry condition. It was observed that reliability results were significantly affected by CTEs of ACA materials especially at the thermal cycling test. Results showed that flip chip assembly using modified ACA composites with lower CTEs and higher modulus by loading non-conducting fillers exhibited better contact resistance behavior than conventional ACAs without non-conducting fillers.
Reach out and touch space (motion learning) (2002)

We propose a method for learning models of human motion from a coarsely sampled set of examples. The models we synthesize may be used to generate plausible motions from a high level description consisting of start and stop positions, style, mood, age, etc. In the field of computer vision, such models can be useful for human body motion tracking/estimation and gesture recognition. The models can also be used to generate arbitrary realistic human motion, and may be of help in trying to understand the mechanisms behind the perception of biological motion by the human visual system. Experimental results of the learning technique applied to reaching and drawing motions are presented.
HLA Class II Gene Polymorphism: DNA Typing, Evolution, and Relationship to Disease Susceptibility (1989)

The detection of HLA class II polymorphism is valuable in the areas of individual identification, tissue typing for transplantation, and genetic susceptibility to specific autoimmune diseases. Polymorphism in the HLA class II region (see Figure 1 for map) has been identified using serologic reagents (HLA-DR and -DQ specificities), by cellular techniques (Dw and DPw specificities) and, more recently, by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. For HLA class II typing, RFLP analysis is based on the presence or absence of polymorphic restriction sites located primarily in non-coding regions which are in linkage disequilibrium with allelic variation in coding sequences. Until recently, the direct analysis of coding sequence polymorphism has been difficult. However, the enzymatic amplification of specific DNA sequences using the PCR has provided a new approach to genetic typing.1-4 The capacity of the PCR to amplify a specific segment of genomic DNA has made it an invaluable tool in the study of polymorphism and evolution, as well as in the analysis of genetic susceptibility to disease. In all of these areas, a particular gene must be examined in a variety of individuals; either within a species, in different closely related species, or in patient and in healthy control populations. We have used PCR, initially with the Klenow fragment of E. colf DNA polymerase I and more recently with the thermostable Taq DNA polymerase, to determine the allelic sequence diversity of the HLA class II genes (HLA-DRβ, HLA-DQα, HLA-DQβ, and HLA-DPβ).
Link adaptation in LTE-A uplink with Turbo SIC receivers and imperfect channel estimation (2011)

In this paper, we propose an efficient link adaptation scheme for the 3GPP Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTEA) uplink with turbo successive interference cancelation (Turbo-SIC) receiver and imperfect channel estimation. Link adaptation for non-linear MIMO receivers such as Turbo SIC is not straightforward because the soft-outputs of such receiver cannot be simply modeled using a scalar Gaussian channel and the post-processing signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) does not have an explicit closed-form expression. In addition, the lack of perfect channel state information due to estimation errors imposes further uncertainty and challenges in the link adaptation design. To circumvent these difficulties, we propose a prediction method that can effectively characterize the Turbo SIC performance and derive an approximate post-detection SINR for each layer by considering the channel estimation error statistic. We particularly consider the link adaptation for precoded multi-rank MIMO transmission with both inter-codeword(CW) and intra-codeword(CW) interference cancelation. Realistic and extensive simulations reveal that the proposed link adaptation scheme accurately predicts the turbo SIC performance and results in highest spectrum efficiency and robustness compared to other competing schemes.
Separation of Produced Emulsions from Surfactant Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes (2010)

Selected cationic and amphoteric surfactants were effective in separating oil-in-water emulsions representative of produced emulsions expected during a surfactant/polymer (SP) process for enhanced oil recovery. The aqueous phase of the emulsion contained an anionic surfactant blend, alcohol, and partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide. Brine composition was a suitable mixture of formation brine with brines from the surfactant slug and polymer drive. The crude oil had an American Petroleum Institute (API) gravity of 31°. Bottle tests were conducted at ambient temperature, which is near the reservoir temperature. Conventional non-ionic demulsifier resins and polymeric cationic flocculants were not effective in removing oil from the aqueous phase. The water content of the oil phase was still well above specification upon heating the emulsions to 50−60 °C. However, both oil and water phases of acceptable quality were obtained after 6 h of settling upon the addition of 200 ppm of octyltrimethylammonium bromide (C8TAB) at ambient temperature. Additionally, a commercial cationic surfactant at the same concentration yielded acceptable results for both phases in 2 h. Optical microscopy showed significant coalescence after only 1 min in the C8TAB system as the cationic surfactant reduced electrostatic repulsion among drops and shifted system phase behavior toward the balanced state between hydrophilic and lipophilic effects, actions well-known to reduce emulsion stability. Some amphoteric surfactants, such as cocobetaine, were also effective in separating these emulsions. The amount of cationic surfactant required could be reduced by adding it simultaneously with a non-ionic demulsifier resin. A commercial cationic surfactant was also found to significantly improve separation of emulsions produced during an alkaline/surfactant/polymer (ASP) process.
A Novel Cluster Head Selection Method based on K-Means Algorithm for Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Network (2013)

Wireless sensor network consists of hundreds to thousands of sensor nodes gathering various data including temperature, sound, location, etc. They have been applied to numerous fields such as healthcare, monitoring system, military, and so forth. It is usually difficult to recharge or replace the sensor nodes which have limited battery capacity. Energy efficiency is thus a primary issue in maintaining the network. In this paper we propose an efficient cluster head selection method using K-means algorithm to maximize the energy efficiency of wireless sensor network. It is based on the concept of finding the cluster head minimizing the sum of Euclidean distances between the head and member nodes. Computer simulation shows that the proposed approach allows better performance than the existing hierarchical routing protocols such as LEACH and HEED in terms of network lifetime.
New active paclitaxel amino acids derivatives with improved water solubility. (1998)

Paclitaxel shows interesting clinical activity against several tumors. However, its poor solubility is an important limitation: Cremophor EL used for intravenous administration is responsible for hypersensitivity reactions. In order to improve solubility while preserving the activity, we have synthesized new paclitaxel amino acid derivatives substituted with a glutaryl group at the 2' position followed by the reaction of a peptide link between the carboxyl and the amino terminal group of the amino acid. The derivatives were cytotoxic in vitro against many sensitive cell lines. They also increased G2+M phase arrest. Moreover, these derivatives were stable for over a year and showed a better solubility in water than the parent compound. The ester linkage is hydrolysed in slightly acid lysosomal conditions to free paclitaxel which binds to tubulin.
Self-Aligned n-Channel Germanium MOSFETs With a Thin Ge Oxynitride Gate Dielectric and Tungsten Gate (2004)

In this letter, we report self-aligned n-channel germanium (Ge) MOSFETs with a thin Ge oxynitride gate dielectric and tungsten gate electrode. Excellent off-state current is achieved through the reduction of junction leakage. For the first time, we have demonstrated an n-channel Ge MOSFET with a subthreshold slope of 150 mV/dec and an on-off current ratio of /spl sim/10/sup 4/.
ChemInform Abstract: 5‐ARYL‐3‐AZABICYCLO(3.2.0)HEPTAN‐5‐ONE KETALS, COMPOUNDS WITH MORPHINE‐LIKE ANALGESIC ACTIVITY (1984)

Abstract Aus Maleinimiden (I) und Diazoniumverbindungen (II) erhält man die AryI‐substituierten Maleinimide (III), die mit 1,1‐Dimethoxy‐ethylen (IV) photochemisch die Cycloaddukte (V) ergeben.
Broadband all-order polarization mode dispersion compensation via wavelength-by-wavelength Jones matrix correction (2007)

We demonstrate wideband all-order polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensation by applying high-speed spectral polarization sensing and ultrafast pulse shaping techniques to characterize and correct the frequency-dependent Jones matrix associated with PMD of optical fibers on a wavelength-by-wavelength basis. We report full compensation of approximately 800 fs pulses distorted to more than 10 ps by a PMD module with approximately 5.5 ps mean differential group delay. The sensing and compensation of Jones matrix take approximately 200 and approximately 500 ms, respectively.
Abstract 553: Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes Form Human Myocardium and Improve Cardiac Function in Infarcted Rat Hearts (2006)

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) represent an attractive source for deriving large numbers of definitive and rapidly proliferating human cardiomyocytes for cell-based cardiac repair. Successful a...
Unifying the genomics-based classes of cancer fusion gene partners: large cancer fusion genes are evolutionarily conserved. (2012)

Coupled with previous algorithms, with or without transcriptome approaches, we expect these results to assist in the rapid and efficient use of chromosomal translocations to identify cancer fusion genes. The above parameters for any gene of interest can be accessed at www.cancerfusiongenes.com.
Phase-contrast serial time-encoded amplified microscopy (2009)

In this paper, the authors demonstrate a new type of imaging modality that enables ultrafast image acquisition based on spectral interferometry and amplified dispersive Fourier transformation. The approach is based on serial time- encoded amplified microscopy (STEAM) that was previously demonstrated for ID ultrafast (world record) barcode reading and displacement sensing. The new implementation reported here is the interferometric version of STEAM and performs both axial and transverse imaging. This is achieved by first encoding the 2D image matrix into a 1D vector consisting of the spectrum of a broadband pulse using a low coherence interferometer.The spectrum (and hence the image) is then optically amplified and mapped into time using a Raman pumped dispersive fiber. The serialized and amplified image is then detected using a single-pixel detector and digitized using a real-time digitizer/oscilloscope. The image is reconstructed in the digital domain by converting the serial ID vector into the original 2D matrix. The optical amplification in the dispersive fiber overcomes the trade-off between sensitivity and frame rate, and the time domain detection using an oscilloscope eliminates the CCD or CMOS camera and the associated speed limitations.
Simultaneous delivery of four independent broadcast television services over a wavelength-division multiplexed passive optical network (1997)

We demonstrate simultaneous delivery of four independent digital broadcast television services over a WDM passive optical network (PON) by spectrally slicing Er-doped fibre amplifier (EDFA) amplified LEDs. The composite bandwidth of 2 GHz carries more than 320 channels of digital television, and is delivered independently of private point-to-point services which are possible over the WDM PON architecture. We compare the WGR as a broadcast distribution element to a passive splitter.
Assessment of multichannel airborne radar measurements for analysis and design of space-time processing architectures and algorithms (2002)

System design studies and detailed radar simulations have identified the utility of space-time adaptive processing (STAP) to accomplish target detection in cases where the target Doppler is immersed in sidelobe clutter and jamming. A recent US Air Force investment in STAP has produced a database of multichannel airborne data, through Rome Laboratory's Multichannel Airborne Radar Measurement (MCARM) program, to further develop STAP architectures and algorithms suited to operational environments. An aspect of actual data not typically incorporated into simulation scenarios is the nonhomogeneous features of real-world clutter and interference scenarios. In this paper we investigate the impact of nonhomogeneous data on the performance of STAP. Furthermore, we propose a preliminary scheme to detect and excise nonhomogeneous secondary data in the sample covariance estimation, thereby dramatically improving STAP performance as shown through a specific example using monostatic MCARM data.
Fabrication and characterization of high temperature superconductor Josephson junctions with a novel device design (1995)

A unique normal-metal (N) layer construction was used to fabricate high temperature superconducting (S) YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-/spl delta// SNS Josephson junctions. The normal-metal included a gradient Pr-doped Y/sub 1-x/Pr/sub x/Ba/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-/spl delta// layer which was composed of a light doping (x=0.1) next to both YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-/spl delta// electrodes, a slightly higher doping (x=0.3) towards the center, and a doping concentration of x=0.5 in the middle of the N-layer. A gradient of the doping profile of the N-layer instead of an abrupt one provides good thermal, structural, and chemical compatibility between adjacent regions. The multilayer configuration of the gradient Pr-doped N-layers on YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-/spl delta// showed good growth structure as confirmed by X-ray diffraction and Rutherford backscattering channeling tests. The SNS junctions fabricated in such a way showed resistively shunted junction current vs voltage characteristics above 77 K. Microwave induced Shapiro steps above 77 K and voltage modulation of dc SQUIDs at 77 K were both demonstrated with this technology.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Self-Training Method for Semi-Supervised GANs (2017)

Since the creation of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), much work has been done to improve their training stability, their generated image quality, their range of application but nearly none of them explored their self-training potential. Self-training has been used before the advent of deep learning in order to allow training on limited labelled training data and has shown impressive results in semi-supervised learning. In this work, we combine these two ideas and make GANs self-trainable for semi-supervised learning tasks by exploiting their infinite data generation potential. Results show that using even the simplest form of self-training yields an improvement. We also show results for a more complex self-training scheme that performs at least as well as the basic self-training scheme but with significantly less data augmentation.
Edible Films and Coatings from Soybean and Other Protein Sources (2005)

Abstract Biobased materials, which are diverse in nature, chemistry, and properties, expand the possibilities to tailor‐made edible films for food industries. Film formation is a result of polymerization of unfolded proteins by disulfide and hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. Plasticizers can increase chain mobility and are necessary to produce protein or polysaccharide‐based films to have flexibility and mechanical strength for handling. Low‐molecular‐weight organic acids with one or more OH group also have a plasticizing effect on films. Edible films are produced by dry processing by extrusion and by wet processing by casting film‐forming solution. Homogenous thin films with uniform thickness can be cast with a Drawdown instrument. Viscosity can be used to optimize the film‐forming solution. Color characteristics of the film can be affected by addition of chemicals, heat curing, and ultraviolet (UV) treatment. Mechanical strength of the film can be improved by cross‐linking of the polymers by means of UV/γ radiation. Edible films should have adequate mechanical strength and extensibility to maintain integrity and withstand physical stress. Protein films are excellent gas barriers but poor moisture barriers because of their hydrophilic nature. Edible film can be tailored to incorporate antimicrobials, antioxidants, phytonutrients, nutraceuticals, nutrients, flavors, colors, and food additives. These areas need extensive research.
Parameterized block-based statistical timing analysis with non-gaussian parameters, nonlinear delay functions (2005)

Variability of process parameters makes prediction of digital circuit timing characteristics an important and challenging problem in modern chip design. Recently, statistical static timing analysis (statistical STA) has been proposed as a solution. Unfortunately, the existing approaches either do not consider explicit gate delay dependence on process parameters [3] - [6] or restrict analysis to linear Gaussian parameters only [1, [2]. Here we extend the capabilities of parameterized block-based statistical STA [1] to handle nonlinear function of delays and non-Gaussian parameters, while retaining maximum efficiency of processing linear Gaussian parameters. Our novel technique improves accuracy in predicting circuit timing characteristics and retains such benefits of parameterized block-based statistical STA as an incremental mode of operation, computation of criticality probabilities and sensitivities to process parameter variations. We implemented our technique in an industrial statistical timing analysis tool. Our experiments with large digital blocks showed both efficiency and accuracy of the proposed technique.