gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CurveLight: An Accurate and Practical Light Positioning System (2022)

This paper presents CurveLight, an accurate and practical light positioning system. In CurveLight, the signal transmitter includes an infrared LED, covered by a hemispherical and rotatable shade, and the receiver detects the light signals with a photosensitive diode. When the shade is rotating, the transmitter generates a unique sequence of light signals for each point in the covered space. The main novelty of the system design is a set of curves that define different regions, either transparent or translucent, on the shade. The regions allow the light signals to create patterns from which the receiver can calculate its angles with respect to the transmitter. We design the curves in such a way that the angular information is most robust to errors caused by signal noise and motor jitters. Moreover, the shade is divided into multiple sectors, each providing independent positioning function, so as to maximize the position update rate. Experiments in various environments show that the system achieves 2-3 cm accuracy on average, with a 36 Hz update rate with a single transmitter. We present a product quality implementation of the system, and report the deployment experience in real-world environments, including autonomous driving and robotics navigation. CurveLight consistently offers centimeter-level accuracy and low latency, serving as a key component of the hybrid navigation solution for real systems in challenging scenarios.
On the Complexity of System Throughput Derivation for Static 802.11 Networks (2010)

The exploding popularity of 802.11 Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) has drawn intense research interest in the optimization of WLAN performance through channel assignment to access points (AP), AP-client association control, and transmission scheduling-we refer to any combination of the three approaches as WLAN management. No matter what degrees of freedom are enabled in WLAN management for performance optimization in a particular WLAN setting, a fundamental question is the corresponding maximum achievable system throughput. We show that for a particular network setting, the derivation of the system throughput (where system throughput is aggregate throughput of all clients or max-min throughput), for any combination of channel assignment, association control and transmission scheduling, is NP-hard and hard to approximate in polynomial time.
Targeted Disruption of the Mouse Mel<sub>1b</sub> Melatonin Receptor (2003)

Two high-affinity, G protein-coupled melatonin receptor subtypes have been identified in mammals. Targeted disruption of the Mel(1a) melatonin receptor prevents some, but not all, responses to the hormone, suggesting functional redundancy among receptor subtypes (Liu et al., Neuron 19:91-102, 1997). In the present work, the mouse Mel(1b) melatonin receptor cDNA was isolated and characterized, and the gene has been disrupted. The cDNA encodes a receptor with high affinity for melatonin and a pharmacological profile consistent with its assignment as encoding a melatonin receptor. Mice with targeted disruption of the Mel(1b) receptor have no obvious circadian phenotype. Melatonin suppressed multiunit electrical activity in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in Mel(1b) receptor-deficient mice as effectively as in wild-type controls. The neuropeptide, pituitary adenylyl cyclase activating peptide, increases the level of phosphorylated cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB) in SCN slices, and melatonin reduces this effect. The Mel(1a) receptor subtype mediates this inhibitory response at moderate ligand concentrations (1 nM). A residual response apparent in Mel(1a) receptor-deficient C3H mice at higher melatonin concentrations (100 nM) is absent in Mel(1a)-Mel(1b) double-mutant mice, indicating that the Mel(1b) receptor mediates this effect of melatonin. These data indicate that there is a limited functional redundancy between the receptor subtypes in the SCN. Mice with targeted disruption of melatonin receptor subtypes will allow molecular dissection of other melatonin receptor-mediated responses.
Neural Aggregation Network for Video Face Recognition (2017)

This paper presents a Neural Aggregation Network (NAN) for video face recognition. The network takes a face video or face image set of a person with a variable number of face images as its input, and produces a compact, fixed-dimension feature representation for recognition. The whole network is composed of two modules. The feature embedding module is a deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) which maps each face image to a feature vector. The aggregation module consists of two attention blocks which adaptively aggregate the feature vectors to form a single feature inside the convex hull spanned by them. Due to the attention mechanism, the aggregation is invariant to the image order. Our NAN is trained with a standard classification or verification loss without any extra supervision signal, and we found that it automatically learns to advocate high-quality face images while repelling low-quality ones such as blurred, occluded and improperly exposed faces. The experiments on IJB-A, YouTube Face, Celebrity-1000 video face recognition benchmarks show that it consistently outperforms naive aggregation methods and achieves the state-of-the-art accuracy.
Adaptive code rate for orthogonal code hopping multiplexing (OCHM) in synchronous downlink (2004)

We proposed an Orthogonal Code Hopping Multiplexing (OCHM) scheme as a new statistical multiplexing scheme in synchronous downlink. OCHM enables a large number of users to share a limited number of code channels through statistical multiplexing. In this paper, we obtain the optimal code rate in several traffic load environments by simulation and summarize the appropriate traffic load region for each code rate as the optimal code rate. An adaptive code rate control scheme is proposed and the base station adaptively changes the code rate according to traffic environments in order to save power.
Optimized Inhibitors of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Improve in Vitro Target Residence Time and in Vivo Efficacy (2014)

Diabetes is affecting the life of millions of people. A large proportion of diabetic patients suffer from severe complications such as neuropathic pain, and current treatments for these complications have deleterious side effects. Thus, alternate therapeutic strategies are needed. Recently, the elevation of epoxy-fatty acids through inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) was shown to reduce diabetic neuropathic pain in rodents. In this report, we describe a series of newly synthesized sEH inhibitors with at least 5-fold higher potency and doubled residence time inside both the human and rodent sEH enzyme than previously reported inhibitors. These inhibitors also have better physical properties and optimized pharmacokinetic profiles. The optimized inhibitor selected from this new series displayed improved efficacy of almost 10-fold in relieving pain perception in diabetic neuropathic rats as compared to the approved drug, gabapentin, and previously published sEH inhibitors. Therefore, these new sEH inhibitors could be an attractive alternative to treat diabetic neuropathy in humans.
Motion estimation and representation for arbitrarily shaped image regions (2002)

This paper discusses the problem of motion compensated prediction in a segmentation based video coding scheme. The problem is considered in the framework of a generic video coder utilizing spatial image segmentation and a polynomial model of the motion vector field for each image region. It is shown that very impressive reductions in prediction error can be achieved by this approach compared to traditional block matching. The cost of encoding the motion information is also addressed. We derive an analytical method for the reduction of the number of motion coefficients, which is optimal is the sense of the least increase in the prediction error. Finally, we derive a low complexity method for motion assisted merging of regions resulting from spatial segmentation which leads to a dramatic reduction in the number of regions.
Vinyl‐triazolium monomers: Versatile and new class of radically polymerizable ionic monomers (2013)

ABSTRACT A set of eight functional 4‐vinyl‐1,2,3‐triazolium monomers were synthesized using copper catalyzed azide‐alkyne 2 + 3 Hüisgen cycloaddition. These vinyl‐trizolium monomers readily polymerized via free radical polymerization. The physical properties of the vinyl‐triazolium based poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) are strongly dependent on the pendant functional groups. These polymers were characterized for glass transition temperature ( T g ), solubility, and the thermal decomposition. The vinyl‐triazolium based PILs offer an efficient route to highly functional PILs with the advantage of facile synthesis and the ability to incorporate many desirable functional moieties. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2014 , 52 , 417–423
Reduction of Soybean Meal Non-Starch Polysaccharides and α-Galactosides by Solid-State Fermentation Using Cellulolytic Bacteria Obtained from Different Environments (2012)

Soybean meal (SBM) is an important protein source in animal feed. However, the levels of SBM inclusion are restricted in some animal species by the presence of antinutritional factors (ANFs), including non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) and α-galactosides (GOSs). The aim of this study was to reduce the soybean meal NSPs and GOSs by solid-state fermentation (SSF) using a combination of cellulolytic bacteria isolated from different environments (termites, earthworms, corn silage and bovine ruminal content). To analyse the key enzymatic activities, the isolates were grown in minimal media containing NSPs extracted from SBM. The selected bacterial strains belonged to the genera Streptomyces, Cohnella and Cellulosimicrobium. SSF resulted in a reduction of nearly 24% in the total NSPs, 83% of stachyose and 69% of raffinose and an increase in the protein content. These results suggest that cellulolytic bacteria-based SSF processing facilitates SBM nutritional improvement. In addition, the use of fermented SBM in animal diets can be recommended.
High Density Alkyl Diamondoid Fuels Synthesized by Catalytic Cracking of Alkanes in the Presence of Adamantane (2018)

Alkyl diamondoid fuel mixtures have been prepared under moderate conditions by AlBr3 catalyzed cracking of nonane and heptane in the presence of adamantane. The fuel mixture prepared with heptane as the alkyl source (HA) contains primarily 1-ethyl-3-methyl adamantane and 1-propyladamantane, while the mixture prepared from nonane (NA) contains primarily C13–C15 alkyl diamondoids. Both fuel mixtures exhibit densities greater than 0.9 g/mL and volumetric net heats of combustion approximately 10 and 6% higher than conventional jet and diesel fuels, respectively. The structural diversity of the fuel blends and presence of multiple branch sites lead to lower viscosities compared to pure alkyl diamondoid fuels. The lower molecular weight blend, HA, exhibits a 40 °C kinematic viscosity of 3.22 mm2 s–1, well within the specification for diesel fuel, and both blends have derived cetane numbers of >42, suggesting that they can be used directly in conventional diesel engines.
Accurate full-field optical displacement measurement technique using a digital camera and repeated patterns (2014)

In this study, a novel, fast, and accurate in-plane displacement distribution measurement method is proposed that uses a digital camera and arbitrary repeated patterns based on the moiré methodology. The key aspect of this method is the use of phase information of both the fundamental frequency and the high-order frequency components of the moiré fringe before and after deformations. Compared with conventional displacement methods and sensors, the main advantages of the method developed herein are its high resolution, accuracy, speed, low cost, and easy implementation. The effectiveness is confirmed by a simple in-plane displacement measurement experiment, and the experimental results indicate that an accuracy of 1/1000 of the pitch can be achieved for various repeated patterns. This method is useful for various applications ranging from the study of displacement and strain distributions in materials science, the biomimetics field, and mechanical material testing, to secure the integrity of infrastructures.
Cold-Adapted Viral Attenuation (CAVA): Highly Temperature Sensitive Polioviruses as Novel Vaccine Strains for a Next Generation Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine (2016)

The poliovirus vaccine field is moving towards novel vaccination strategies. Withdrawal of the Oral Poliovirus Vaccine and implementation of the conventional Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine (cIPV) is imminent. Moreover, replacement of the virulent poliovirus strains currently used for cIPV with attenuated strains is preferred. We generated Cold-Adapted Viral Attenuation (CAVA) poliovirus strains by serial passage at low temperature and subsequent genetic engineering, which contain the capsid sequences of cIPV strains combined with a set of mutations identified during cold-adaptation. These viruses displayed a highly temperature sensitive phenotype with no signs of productive infection at 37°C as visualized by electron microscopy. Furthermore, decreases in infectious titers, viral RNA, and protein levels were measured during infection at 37°C, suggesting a block in the viral replication cycle at RNA replication, protein translation, or earlier. However, at 30°C, they could be propagated to high titers (9.4-9.9 Log10TCID50/ml) on the PER.C6 cell culture platform. We identified 14 mutations in the IRES and non-structural regions, which in combination induced the temperature sensitive phenotype, also when transferred to the genomes of other wild-type and attenuated polioviruses. The temperature sensitivity translated to complete absence of neurovirulence in CD155 transgenic mice. Attenuation was also confirmed after extended in vitro passage at small scale using conditions (MOI, cell density, temperature) anticipated for vaccine production. The inability of CAVA strains to replicate at 37°C makes reversion to a neurovirulent phenotype in vivo highly unlikely, therefore, these strains can be considered safe for the manufacture of IPV. The CAVA strains were immunogenic in the Wistar rat potency model for cIPV, inducing high neutralizing antibody titers in a dose-dependent manner in response to D-antigen doses used for cIPV. In combination with the highly productive PER.C6 cell culture platform, the stably attenuated CAVA strains may serve as an attractive low-cost and (bio)safe option for the production of a novel next generation IPV.
Carbon Microbelt Aerogel Prepared by Waste Paper: An Efficient and Recyclable Sorbent for Oils and Organic Solvents (2014)

A carbon microbelt (CMB) aerogel with good selective sorption can be produced in large scale by using waste paper as a precursor. The CMB aerogel shows highly efficient sorption of organic liquids (pump oil: up to 188 times its own weight; chloroform: up to 151 times its own weight). Moreover, the CMB aerogel can be regenerated many times without decrease of sorption capacity by distillation, or squeezing depending on the type of pollutants.
Classification of the Core Modes of Hollow-Core Photonic-Bandgap Fibers (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Using a new full-vectorial finite-difference mode solver utilizing a hexagonal Yee's cell, we calculated the dispersion diagram of a slightly multimode (16 modes) air-core photonic-bandgap fiber (PBF) and the electric-field profiles of all of its core modes. Careful comparison shows striking similarities between these properties and those of the hybrid modes of a conventional step-index fiber, in terms of the modes' field profiles, the modes' degeneracy, the order in which the modes mode cut off in the wavelength space, and the maximum number of modes. Based on these similarities, we propose for the first time a systematic nomenclature for the modes of a PBF, namely hybrid HE and EH modes and of quasi-TE and quasi-TM modes. Other small but relevant similarities and differences between the modes of these two types of fibers are also discussed. </para>
Synthesis and Properties of Ferroelectric Fluoroterpolymers with Curie Transition at Ambient Temperature (2002)

This paper discusses a new family of ferroelectric polymorphic fluoroterpolymers comprosed of vinylidene difluoride (VDF), trifluoroethylene (TrFE), and a chloro-containing third monomer, such as chlorodifluoroethylene (CDFE), and chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE), which feature relatively narrow molecular weight and composition distributions. The terpolymers were prepared by a bulk reaction process with a low temperature free radical initiator, i.e., the oxidation adducts of trialkylborane and oxygen. The slightly bulky chlorine atom serves as a kink in the polymer chain, which spontaneously alters the chain conformation and crystalline structure. Compared to the corresponding VDF/TrFE copolymer (>20 mol % of TrFE), the slowly increasing chlorine content (<8 mol % of termonomer) gradually changes the all-trans (tm>4) chain conformation (β-phase) to tttg+tttg- conformation (γ-phase) without significant reduction of overall crystallinity. The Curie (ferroelectric−paraelectric) phase transition temperature between the mixed ferroelectric β- and γ-phases and paraelectric α-phase (tg+tg- conformation) also gradually reduced to near ambient temperature with very small activation energy. Consequently, the terpolymers show high dielectric constant (>70), slim polarization hysteresis, and large electrostrictive response (>4%) at ambient temperature and exhibit common ferroelectric relaxor behaviors with a broad dielectric peak that shifted toward higher temperatures as the frequency increased.
Current Limiting Fuses - A Comparative Evaluation (1982)

A new type of current limiting fuse technology has been developed having a potential for providing special benefits for the protection of power distribution circuits and equipment. The design features the use of a low melting temperature pure metal element in compacted quartz sand which components combine in their simplicity to result in a current limiting fuse design having general purpose performance. 1 Since complicated structures are not required, substantial cost and some size benefits are derived. The design and performance of this new technology fuse is compared with that of the state of the art silver element general purpose fuse.
Learning source trajectories using wrapped-phase hidden Markov models (2006)

In this paper we examine the problem of identifying trajectories of sound sources as captured from microphone arrays. Instead of employing traditional localization techniques we attack this problem with a statistical modeling approach of phase measurements. As in many signal processing applications that require the use of phase there is the issue of phase-wrapping. Even though there exists a significant amount of work on unwrapping wrapped phase estimates, when it comes to stochastic modeling this can introduce an additional level of undesirable complication. We address this issue by defining an appropriate statistical model to fit wrapped phase data, and employ it as a state model of an HMM in order to recognize sound trajectories. Using both synthetic and real data we highlight the accuracy of this model as opposed to generic HMM modeling.
Adenosine release from stimulated mast cells. (1984)

Adenosine release has been documented in lung tissue exposed to hypoxic conditions or antigen challenge. Exogenous adenosine potentiates mediator release from stimulated rat serosal and mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells. To investigate the production and release of adenosine from stimulated mast cells, rat serosal mast cells were purified on metrizamide gradients, sensitized with anti-dinitrophenol IgE for 30 min at 37 degrees C, and challenged in the presence of 1 microM deoxycoformycin with either dinitrophenol-conjugated bovine serum albumin antigen, the calcium ionophore A23187, or compound 48/80. Reactions were terminated by centrifugation, and the supernatants and pellets were assayed for adenosine and ATP content, respectively, by high performance liquid chromatography. The adenosine concentration of the supernatants increased from 0.036 +/- 0.003 nmol per 10(6) cells to 0.049, 0.056, and 0.129 nmol per 10(6) cells 60 sec after challenge with antigen, 48/80, or A23187, respectively. After ionophore stimulation, increased extracellular adenosine was evident by 15 sec, peaked by 60 sec, and remained constant for at least 5 min. A significant decline in stimulated ATP levels was observed within 30 sec, suggesting that the enhanced adenosine concentrations may result from the breakdown of ATP. Cultured mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells under similar conditions also displayed augmented extracellular adenosine levels with A23187 challenge. This endogenous source of adenosine may act locally through a positive feedback mechanism to potentiate immediate hypersensitivity reactions.
Characterization of the gene for a 30-kilodalton adhesion-related protein of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (1990)

A previously identified trypsin-resistant surface protein of Mycoplasma pneumoniae clusters at the tip organelle of virulent mycoplasmas and appears to be essential for cytadherence and virulence. Monoclonal antibodies generated against this protein were used to identify positive recombinant clones from M. pneumoniae genomic DNA libraries. The structural gene was sequenced and contained an open reading frame of 825 nucleotides that encoded a protein of 275 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 29,743 Da. This protein (P30) contained three types of repeat sequences at the carboxy end, each consisting of six amino acids. In addition, the protein was proline rich (20.7%) and exhibited significant amino acid homology with the P1 cytadhesin of M. pneumoniae and with several matrix-associated eucaryotic proteins.
Identification of mutations in <i>HSF4</i> in dogs of three different breeds with hereditary cataracts (2006)

Cataracts are a leading cause of blindness in both dogs and humans. Mutations in several genes have been associated with inherited forms of human cataract, but no mutations have been identified as the cause of any form of canine inherited cataract. We have used a candidate gene approach to investigate 20 genes, known to be associated with cataract in humans, for their potential association with the development of hereditary cataract (HC) in dogs. We have identified mutations in the HSF4 gene in Staffordshire Bull Terriers, Boston Terriers and Australian Shepherds affected by HC. Interestingly, different mutations in this single gene may be causing a recessive form of cataract in Staffordshire Bull Terriers and Boston Terriers and a dominant cataract in Australian Shepherds. Identification of the mutations that cause HC in these three breeds provides a method of controlling the disease within populations at risk using a simple diagnostic test, and also establishes cataract in these breeds as models for their human counterparts.