gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diversifying the structure of zinc finger nucleases for high-precision genome editing (2019)

Genome editing for therapeutic applications often requires cleavage within a narrow sequence window. Here, to enable such high-precision targeting with zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), we have developed an expanded set of architectures that collectively increase the configurational options available for design by a factor of 64. These new architectures feature the functional attachment of the FokI cleavage domain to the amino terminus of one or both zinc-finger proteins (ZFPs) in the ZFN dimer, as well as the option to skip bases between the target triplets of otherwise adjacent fingers in each zinc-finger array. Using our new architectures, we demonstrate targeting of an arbitrarily chosen 28 bp genomic locus at a density that approaches 1.0 (i.e., efficient ZFNs available for targeting almost every base step). We show that these new architectures may be used for targeting three loci of therapeutic significance with a high degree of precision, efficiency, and specificity.
Política exterior del Perú durante el gobierno militar (1995)

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Effects of Moderate and High Doses of Marihuana on Thermal Pain: A Sensory Decision Theory Analysis (1981)

Sixteen habitual marihuana users, selected for their good mental and physical health, were hospitalized for three months in the New York State Psychiatric Institute. During the first month, the subjects were drug free; during the second month, they smoked marihuana cigarettes provided by NIDA (2% THC, 20 mg per cigarette) at the rate of 3 to 12 a day. A modified Hardy-Wolff dolorimeter was used to present 20 thermal stimuli of 30-second duration in a random manner at nine different intensities. Subjects responded from a 14-category scale, and data were analyzed according to sensory decision theory analysis. During the third month, the subjects were again drug free. At the noxious thermal intensities, there was a decrease in the pain report criterion during the first two weeks of smoking. The pain enhancement effect was followed by return to the presmoking pain level during weeks 3 and 4 and in the postsmoking period, indicating that tolerance had developed. There was also an increase in pain discriminability during the four weeks of smoking which extended for one week after smoking. Tolerance developed to the pain report criterion but not to the thermal discriminability. This study suggests that marihuana may have hyperalgesic activity and probably enhances the perception of pain, in moderate smokers. In contrast, heavy smoking had little effect on discriminability and caused an increase in the pain report criterion.
Development of a plasma electroacoustic actuator for active noise control applications (2020)

Abstract Conventional loudspeakers generate sound through the vibration of a diaphragm, attached to a rigid frame through elastic suspensions. Although such construction is satisfactory for sound diffusion in steady environments, it is likely to fail in harsh conditions, which is often the case for active noise control applications. Plasma-based actuators appear to be a promising alternative since they do not involve any fragile moving parts. In this paper, a positive corona discharge actuator in a wire-to-mesh geometry is proposed in the perspective of active noise control applications, as it is capable of generating sufficient sound pressure levels with limited signal distortion. The study introduces analytical and numerical models aiming at characterizing the sound field generated by the corona discharge actuator. The numerical simulation can facilitate the designing of such transducers. The acoustic power of the experimental prototype is increased through the optimization of emitter wires arrangement. The comparison of analytical model and numerical simulation with the experiment is presented. The analytical model successively describes the low frequency sound pressure field, while the numerical simulation is valid in the broader frequency range.
tRNA-derived small RNAs target transposable element transcripts (2017)

tRNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs) are 18-26 nucleotide small RNAs that are not random degradation products, but are rather specifically cleaved from mature tRNA transcripts. Abundant in stressed or viral-infected cells, the function and potential targets of tRFs are not known. We identified that in the unstressed wild-type male gamete containing pollen of flowering plants, and analogous reproductive structure in non-flowering plant species, tRFs accumulate to high levels. In the reference plant Arabidopsis thaliana, tRFs are processed by Dicer-like 1 and incorporated into Argonaute1 (AGO1), akin to a microRNA. We utilized the fact that many plant small RNAs direct cleavage of their target transcripts to demonstrate that the tRF-AGO1 complex acts to specifically target and cleave endogenous transposable element (TE) mRNAs produced from transcriptionally active TEs. The data presented here demonstrate that tRFs are bona-fide regulatory microRNA-like small RNAs involved in the regulation of genome stability through the targeting of TE transcripts.
Moving Processing to Data: On the Influence of Processing in Memory on Data Management (2019)

Near-Data Processing refers to an architectural hardware and software paradigm, based on the co-location of storage and compute units. Ideally, it will allow to execute application-defined data- or compute-intensive operations in-situ, i.e. within (or close to) the physical data storage. Thus, Near-Data Processing seeks to minimize expensive data movement, improving performance, scalability, and resource-efficiency. Processing-in-Memory is a sub-class of Near-Data processing that targets data processing directly within memory (DRAM) chips. The effective use of Near-Data Processing mandates new architectures, algorithms, interfaces, and development toolchains.
Skin wound healing modulation by macrophages. (2010)

Skin wound healing is a multi stage phenomenon that requires the activation, recruitment or activity of numerous cell types as keratinocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblast and inflammatory cells. Among the latter, macrophages appear to be central to this process. They colonize the wound at its very early stage and in addition to their protective immune role seem to organize the activity of other cell types at the following stages of the healing. Their benefit to this process is however controversial, as macrophages are described to promote the speed of healing but may also favour the fibrosis resulting from it in scars. Moreover wound healing defects are associated with abnormalities in the inflammatory phase. In this review, we summarise our knowledge on what are the Wound Associated Macrophages, and how they interact with the other cell types to control the reepithelisation, angiogenesis and the extracellular matrix remodelling. We believe this knowledge may open new avenues for therapeutic intervention on skin wounds.
Immobilization of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> by adhesion: Treatment of the cells by Al ions (1985)

The adsorption of aluminum ions by Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been investigated by determining adsorption isotherms and electrophoretic mobility. The adsorption of aluminum ensures a neutralization of the cell surface charge and allows adhesion of the cells to glass and polycarbonate. Glass slides have been taken as a negatively charged model support, allowing the authors to study in detail the process of adhesion. The cells are simply pretreated by an aluminum solution near pH 4. Bringing the Al-pretreated cells in contact with the support by sedimentation and washing the support and sediment makes it possible to obtain a single, dense, regular layer of cells adhering strongly to the support. Adhesion can also be obtained from a suspension flowing parallel to a vertical support, provided the flow velocity is sufficiently small; the amount of cells immobilized per unit support area is about one-half that obtained by sedimentation. The immobilized cells show a specific activity for ethanol production from glucose which is similar to cells in suspension.
Increased Evaporative Rates in Laboratory Testing Conditions Simulating Airplane Cabin Relative Humidity: An Important Factor for Dry Eye Syndrome (2007)

These studies quantitatively show the negative impact of environmental low relative humidity conditions, including those associated with commercial airplane travel, on aqueous tear evaporation dynamics. The increased evaporative rate is similar in healthy subjects and patients with dry eye. These findings provide useful data for the development and evaluation of treatment paradigms for any person who notes dry eye symptoms in low relative humidity environments.
Camera-based driver assistance systems (2013)

Abstract In recent years, camera-based driver assistance systems have taken an important step: from laboratory setup to series production. This tutorial gives a brief overview on the technology behind driver assistance systems, presents the most significant functionalities and focuses on the processes of developing camera-based systems for series production. We highlight the critical points which need to be addressed when camera-based driver assistance systems are sold in their thousands, worldwide – and the benefit in terms of safety which results from it.
Weather forecasting for the 1996 Olympics (1996)

Most of us would agree that meteorologists need to improve the accuracy of their local forecasts. When planning and executing a highly public event-like the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games-where the weather can affect the activities, accurate forecasts become urgent. To improve the accuracy of forecasts for this year's games in Atlanta, the National Weather Service (NWS) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) provides meteorological data plus warning and forecast services. The NWS aims to achieve an unprecedented level of precision in forecasting the weather at the Olympic games in Atlanta, using a number of new technologies, such as correlative 3D visualizations and a key mesoscale model-the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS).
Mechanisms of Laser-Tissue Interaction: II. Tissue Thermal Properties. (2013)

Laser-tissue interaction is of great interest due to its significant application in biomedical optics in both diagnostic and treatment purposes. Major aspects of the laser-tissue interaction which has to be considered in biomedical studies are the thermal properties of the tissue and the thermal changes caused by the interaction of light and tissue. In this review paper the effects of light on the tissue at different temperatures are discussed. Then, due to the noticeable importance of studying the heat transfer quantitatively, the equations governing this phenomenon are presented. Finally a method of medical diagnosis called thermography and some of its applications are explained.
N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone improves recovery of brain energy state in rats following transient focal ischemia. (1995)

Recent results have demonstrated that the spin trapping agent N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone (PBN) reduces infarct size due to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), even when given after ischemia. The objective of the present study was to explore whether PBN influences recovery of energy metabolism. MCAO of 2-hr duration was induced in rats by an intraluminal filament technique. Brains were frozen in situ at the end of ischemia and after 1, 2, and 4 hr of recirculation. PBN was given 1 hr after recirculation. Neocortical focal and perifocal ("penumbra") areas were sampled for analyses of phosphocreatine (PCr), creatine, ATP, ADP, AMP, glycogen, glucose, and lactate. The penumbra showed a moderate-to-marked decrease and the focus showed a marked decrease in PCr and ATP concentrations, a decline in the sum of adenine nucleotides, near-depletion of glycogen, and an increase in lactate concentration after 2 hr of ischemia. Recirculation for 1 hr led to only a partial recovery of energy state, with little further improvement after 2 hr and signs of secondary deterioration after 4 hr, particularly in the focus. After 4 hr of recirculation, PBN-treated animals showed pronounced recovery of energy state, with ATP and lactate contents in both focus and penumbra approaching normal values. Although an effect of PBN on mitochondria cannot be excluded, the results suggest that PBN acts by preventing a gradual compromise of microcirculation. The results justify a reevaluation of current views on the pathophysiology of focal ischemic damage and suggest that a therapeutic window of many hours exists in stroke.
Traffic characteristics of bulk data transfer using TCP/IP over gigabit Ethernet (2002)

As network data rates scale-up, an understanding of how and why traffic characteristics change is needed. We study the characteristics of bulk data transfer TCP/IP flows in a fully-switched Gigabit Ethernet network. Both disk-to-disk and memory-to-memory transfers are studied. We investigate flow characteristics as a function of link speed, server load, operating system (Linux and WindowsNT), and number of simultaneous clients accessing a server. Using trace based simulations, we find that there is great variability in the "friendliness" of a flow to a single-server queue in terms of packet losses. Flows on Gigabit Ethernet tend to cause greater packet losses for a given link utilization and buffer size under certain conditions. We also find some unexplained inefficiencies in some of the flows. We investigate methods of application-level traffic smoothing to improve flow characteristics. A prototype packet-spacing socket send function is developed to reduce packet losses.
A Policy Architecture for Enhancing and Controlling Features (2003)

Abstract. Features provide extensions to a basic service, but in new systems users require much greater flexibility oriented towards their needs. Traditional features do not easily allow for this. We propose policies as the features of the future. Policies can be defined by the end-user, and allow for the use of rich context information when controlling calls. This paper introduces an architecture for policy definition and call control by policies. We discuss the operation of systems based on such an architecture. An important aspect of the architecture is integral feature interaction handling. Telecommunications has a central role in daily life, be it private or within the enterprise. We have left behind times when two users were simply connected for a verbal communication and now encounter a trend towards merging different communications technologies such as video conferencing, email, Voice over IP as well as new technologies like home automation and device control. This is combined with a move to greater mobility, e.g. wireless communications, mobile telephony and ad hoc networking. Services such as conference calling and voice mail have been added to help deal with situations beyond simple telephony. Currently such services only support communication, that is they allow the user to simplify
Tautomeric-Dependent Lactam Cycloaddition with Nitrile Oxide: Facile Synthesis of 1,2,4-Oxadiazole[4,5-<i>a</i>]indolone Derivatives (2017)

A concise, metal-free, and gram-scale strategy to convert indoline-2,3-diones to 1,2,4-oxadiazole[4,5-<i>a</i>]indolones through an improved [3 + 2] cycloaddition of α-ketone-lactam with nitrile oxides has been developed. The lactim form of the resonance structure of isatin in protic solvents is the key active dipolarophile that shows chemo- and regioselectivity under experimental and theoretical conditions. This strategy conveniently enabled the assembly of several 1,2,4-oxadiazole[4,5-<i>a</i>]indolines with a broad range of functional groups. Compounds <b>3a</b> and <b>4b</b> exhibit cytotoxicity in the NCI/ADR-RES, SKOV3, and OVCAR8 cell lines.
Two-Photon Polymerization of Polyethylene Glycol Diacrylate Scaffolds with Riboflavin and Triethanolamine used as a Water-Soluble Photoinitiator (2013)

The results suggest that riboflavin is a promising component of photoinitiators for 2PP fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds and other medically relevant structures (e.g., biomicroelectromechanical systems).
Time-resolved photoselection of [Ru(bpy)3]2+-exciton hopping in the excited state (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTime-resolved photoselection of [Ru(bpy)3]2+-exciton hopping in the excited stateM. L. Myrick, R. L. Blakley, and M. K. DeArmondCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 9, 2841–2842Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00243a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00243a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views146Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
4-1BBL Regulates the Polarization of Macrophages, and Inhibition of 4-1BBL Signaling Alleviates Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis (2020)

4-1BBL, a member of the TNF superfamily, regulates the sustained production of inflammatory cytokines in macrophages triggered by TLR signaling. In this study, we have investigated the role of 4-1BBL in macrophage metabolism and polarization and in skin inflammation using a model of imiquimod-induced psoriasis in mice. Genetic ablation or blocking of 4-1BBL signaling by Ab or 4-1BB-Fc alleviated the pathology of psoriasis by regulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines associated with macrophage activation and regulated the polarization of macrophages in vitro. We further linked this result with macrophage by finding that 4-1BBL expression during the immediate TLR response was dependent on glycolysis, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and fatty acid metabolism, whereas the late-phase 4-1BBL-mediated sustained inflammatory response was dependent on glycolysis and fatty acid synthesis. Correlating with this, administration of a fatty acid synthase inhibitor, cerulenin, also alleviated the pathology of psoriasis. We further found that 4-1BBL-mediated psoriasis development is independent of its receptor 4-1BB, as a deficiency of 4-1BB augmented the severity of psoriasis linked to a reduced regulatory T cell population and increased IL-17A expression in γδ T cells. Additionally, coblocking of 4-1BBL signaling and IL-17A activity additively ameliorated psoriasis. Taken together, 4-1BBL signaling regulates macrophage polarization and contributes to imiquimod-induced psoriasis by sustaining inflammation, providing a possible avenue for psoriasis treatment in patients.
<title>Resolution and bit depth: how much is enough?</title> (2000)

We describe results of experiments studying the tradeoff between resolution and bit depth. Images in the experiments were printed on a high resolution imagesetter, eliminating most, if not all, device effects. They were first converted from PostScript to antialiased rasters at one of a set of resolutions, then converted from 8 bit to n bits for some value of n less than 8. Before printing, they were converted back to 8 bits and scaled up to printer resolution, then halftoned for printing. We were measuring human response to a system that had a bandwidth bottleneck somewhere upstream of the printer, and sophisticated resampling and halftoning at the printer itself. The images, typical of those used for critical evaluation of hard copy, contained text, analytical test targets, synthetic graphics and pictorial images. We found bit depths and resolutions beyond which no further improvement was observed, typically somewhat higher limits than previously believed. We also compared methods of font hinting for antialiased text, and found that font hinting improves text only at one bit per pixel, degrading it at higher bit depths.
12.5 Gbit/s fibre-optic network using all-optical processing (1987)

A 12.5 Gbit/s fibre-optic network is implemented with a central mode-locked laser clock, integrated-optic waveguide modulators, optical time-multi/demultiplexing and an optical reservation protocol. The network accommodates 125 stations transmitting at 100 Mbit/s each, using receiver-fixed assignment time-division multiple access.
Abstract 5775: A novel role for ID1 in prostate cancer chemotherapy (2010)

Abstract To identify potential mechanisms underlying prostate cancer chemotherapy response and resistance, we compared the gene expression profiles in individual human prostate cancer specimens before and after chemotherapy collected from previously untreated patients with high-risk, localized disease. Among the molecular signatures associated with treatment, transcripts encoding Inhibitor of DNA Binding 1 (ID1) were significantly upregulated. Among patients who developed biochemical relapse 5 years after chemo-surgery, patients with the ID1 upregulation following chemotherapy had significantly longer relapse-free survival time than patients without ID1 increases. In the prostate cancer LNCaP cell line that is characterized by low ID1 expression, docetaxel dose-dependently induced ID1 expression. This docetaxel-induced ID1 transcription was mediated by ID1 promoter E-box chromatin modification and c-Myc binding. Compared to the empty-vector control, stable ID1 overexpression in LNCaP increased cell proliferation, promoted cell cycle progression through the G1 phase, and enhanced docetaxel-induced cytotoxicity. These phenotypic changes were accompanied by an increase in BCL2 phosphorylation at serine 70, caspase-3 activation and PARP cleavage. In contrast, ID1 siRNA in the LNCaP and C42B cell line reduced cell proliferation and decreased docetaxel-induced cytotoxicity. The ID1-mediated chemosensitivity enhancement was in part due to the ID1-suppression of p21. Overexpression of p21 in LNCaP-ID1 overexpressing cells restored the p21 level and reversed ID1-enhanced chemosensitivity. These data demonstrate that ID1 has a novel therapeutic role in prostate cancer treatment and ID1 upregulation after chemotherapy exposure may be a useful marker of chemotherapy efficacy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5775.