gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Save Birdlife: A Novel Deep Learning method for Detecting and Automatically Diversifying Birds from the Window Glass (2021)

According to a BBC news report: Window strikes are among the top three human-related causes of bird deaths, along with cats and habitat destruction. Nearly one billion birds die each year in the United States due to collisions with windows, and research reports on this case show that 54-76 percent of window collisions are mortal. Because Sometimes, birds do not perceive windows as a barrier. Instead, reflections in glass look to them as open areas, so they fly directly into the glass-window. The absence of depth perception may contribute to birds" false belief that the reflection they have seen is a bird belonging to their habitat. So, it is our responsibility to save birds. We came up with a creative project by which we can reduce the death rate of birds. We are proposing a deep learning method by using an object detection technique. We came up with a new solution using which we can divert the birds through wooden curtains(blind). They operate according to the instructions that are passed from the Arduino. When the model detects the bird that is coming close towards the window glass, the window blind will automatically shut down and even if the bird hits, it won't collide instantly as the momentum will decrease gradually. The window blind will automatically open when there is no bird. It is a useful technique by which we can divert the birds. This technique has multiple credits like we are saving birds with a practical and cost-efficient approach.
A methodology for the design of a virtual enterprise (2004)

This paper first deals with the systematic structure of a virtual enterprise. At the same time, an information system infrastructure is given to describe the information communication among cooperative partners in a virtual enterprise. Then, a generative methodology is proposed for the effective design of a product/project-oriented virtual enterprise. This methodology is distinguished into three stages, that is, identification of business process, information modeling, and process planning & partner selection. Finally, detailed analysis is focused on information modeling of product/project features and partners' behavior & performance, to couple product/project requirements with partners' core competencies.
TLR8 deficiency leads to autoimmunity in mice (2010)

TLRs play an essential role in the induction of immune responses by detecting conserved molecular products of microorganisms. However, the function of TLR8 is largely unknown. In the current study, we investigated the role of TLR8 signaling in immunity in mice. We found that Tlr8(-/-) DCs overexpressed TLR7, were hyperresponsive to various TLR7 ligands, and showed stronger and faster NF-κB activation upon stimulation with the TLR7 ligand R848. Tlr8(-/-) mice showed splenomegaly, defective development of marginal zone (MZ) and B1 B cells, and increased serum levels of IgM and IgG2a. Furthermore, Tlr8(-/-) mice exhibited increased serum levels of autoantibodies against small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, ribonucleoprotein, and dsDNA and developed glomerulonephritis, whereas neither Tlr7(-/-) nor Tlr8(-/-)Tlr7(-/-) mice showed any of the phenotypes observed in Tlr8(-/-) mice. These data provide evidence for a pivotal role for mouse TLR8 in the regulation of mouse TLR7 expression and prevention of spontaneous autoimmunity.
Imaging ATUM ultrathin section libraries with WaferMapper: a multi-scale approach to EM reconstruction of neural circuits (2014)

The automated tape-collecting ultramicrotome (ATUM) makes it possible to collect large numbers of ultrathin sections quickly-the equivalent of a petabyte of high resolution images each day. However, even high throughput image acquisition strategies generate images far more slowly (at present ~1 terabyte per day). We therefore developed WaferMapper, a software package that takes a multi-resolution approach to mapping and imaging select regions within a library of ultrathin sections. This automated method selects and directs imaging of corresponding regions within each section of an ultrathin section library (UTSL) that may contain many thousands of sections. Using WaferMapper, it is possible to map thousands of tissue sections at low resolution and target multiple points of interest for high resolution imaging based on anatomical landmarks. The program can also be used to expand previously imaged regions, acquire data under different imaging conditions, or re-image after additional tissue treatments.
Tensor Robust Principal Component Analysis: Exact Recovery of Corrupted Low-Rank Tensors via Convex Optimization (2016)

This paper studies the Tensor Robust Principal Component (TRPCA) problem which extends the known Robust PCA [4] to the tensor case. Our model is based on a new tensor Singular Value Decomposition (t-SVD) [14] and its induced tensor tubal rank and tensor nuclear norm. Consider that we have a 3-way tensor X ε R <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n1×n2×n3</sup> such that X = L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> + S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> , where L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> has low tubal rank and <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S0 is</sub> sparse. Is that possible to recover both components? In this work, we prove that under certain suitable assumptions, we can recover both the low-rank and the sparse components exactly by simply solving a convex program whose objective is a weighted combination of the tensor nuclear norm and the l1-norm, i.e., min L, E ||L||* + λ||ε||1, s.t. X = L + ε, where λ = 1/√max(n <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> , n <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> )n <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> . Interestingly, TRPCA involves RPCA as a special case when n <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> = 1 and thus it is a simple and elegant tensor extension of RPCA. Also numerical experiments verify our theory and the application for the image denoising demonstrates the effectiveness of our method.
Pyramidal neural networking for mammogram tumour pattern recognition (1994)

There has been much interest in developing neural networks to solve complicated information processing problems such as automatic diagnosis of x-ray mammograms. In New Zealand the authors are investigating a pyramidal neural network and adaptive contrast enhancement image processing technique for developing a knowledge-system for medical image interpretation. In this paper the authors present the pyramidal network architecture with experimental breast cancer tumour pattern mapping results. The pyramidal network configuration has overcome the problem of hidden layer size. To facilitate the learning the authors introduced a novel method of standard coding mechanism by using local overlapping and minimum value thresholding. The outcome of this unique mapping is promising in designing a useful expert system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Restrukturierungs- und Privatisierungsberatung öffentlicher Unternehmungen in Entwicklungsländern (1992)

In vielen Teilen der Welt brechen derzeit planwirtschaftlich ausgerichtete Systeme zusammen. Nicht nur in Osteuropa, sondern auch in vielen Entwicklungsländern gewinnen Bestrebungen hin zu einem stärker marktwirtschaftlich ausgerichteten System an Dynamik. Die Aktivitäten des Staates sollen auf seine Kernaufgaben beschränkt werden. Auf der betriebswirtschaftlichen Ebene stehen dabei neben einer Dezentralisierung der Verwaltung und der Ausgliederung von Verwaltungsfunktionen Restrukturierungsmaßnahmen bei öffentlichen Unternehmungen im Vordergrund der Bemühungen. In vielen Entwicklungsländern beherrschen gerade die öffentlichen Unternehmungen das wirtschaftliche Geschehen. Öffentliche Unternehmungen haben in den 80er Jahren weltweit zu 10 % des Bruttoinlandsprodukts, in Afrika sogar zu 17 % und in Lateinamerika ungefähr zu 12 % beigetragen. Die Länder Asiens liegen meistens weit unterhalb des Durchschnitts.1
DEVELOPMENT OF A RADIOFREQUENCY BASED THERMAL THERAPY TECHNIQUE IN AN IN VIVO PORCINE MODEL FOR THE TREATMENT OF SMALL RENAL MASSES (2001)

Radiofrequency thermal therapy is an effective and efficient method for ablating normal renal tissue in the pig. It may be applied percutaneously under ultrasound guidance with minimal complications provided that vital adjacent structures are protected from thermal damage. Further studies are required in humans before adopting this technique as definitive treatment for small renal cell carcinoma.
<i>In Vitro</i> Interactions between New Antitubercular Drug Candidates SQ109 and TMC207 (2010)

The in vitro interactions of two new antitubercular drugs, SQ109 and TMC207, with each other and with rifampin (RIF) were evaluated. The combination of SQ109 with TMC207 (i) improved an already excellent TMC207 MIC for M. tuberculosis H37Rv by 4- to 8-fold, (ii) improved the rate of killing of bacteria over the rate of killing by each single drug, and (iii) enhanced the drug postantibiotic effect by 4 h. In no instance did we observe antagonistic activities with the combination of SQ109 and TMC207. Rifampin activates cytochrome P450 genes to reduce the area under the curve (AUC) for TMC207 in humans. The presence of RIF in three-drug combinations did not affect the synergistic activities of SQ109 and TMC207, and SQ109 also dramatically decreased the MIC of RIF. SQ109 was active by itself, and both its activity was improved by and it improved the in vitro activities of both RIF and TMC207.
Prospective purification of a subpopulation of human synovial mesenchymal stem cells with enhanced chondro-osteogenic potency (2013)

Our findings indicate that the combination of CD73 and CD39 allows the prospective purification from culture-expanded heterogeneous synovial MSC populations of a distinct MSC subset with greater chondro-osteogenic potency. We anticipate that such an approach will enhance the consistency of cell-based therapeutic protocols for the repair of osteochondral defects.
Informative path planning for an autonomous underwater vehicle (2010)

We present a path planning method for autonomous underwater vehicles in order to maximize mutual information. We adapt a method previously used for surface vehicles, and extend it to deal with the unique characteristics of underwater vehicles. We show how to generate near-optimal paths while ensuring that the vehicle stays out of high-traffic areas during predesignated time intervals. In our objective function we explicitly account for the fact that underwater vehicles typically take measurements while moving, and that they do not have the ability to communicate until they resurface. We present field results from ocean trials on planning paths for a specific AUV, an underwater glider.
The performance of cache-coherent ring-based multiprocessors (1993)

Advances in circuit and integration technology are continuously boosting the speed of microprocessors. One of the main challenges presented by such developments is the effective use of powerful microprocessors in shared memory multiprocessor configurations. We believe that the interconnection problem is not solved even for small scale shared memory multiprocessors, since the speed of shared buses is unlikely to keep up with the bandwidth requirements of new microprocessors. In this paper we evaluate the performance of unidirectional slotted ring interconnection for small to medium scale shared memory systems, using a hybrid methodology of analytical models and trace-driven simulations. We evaluate both snooping and directory-based coherence protocols for the ring and compare it to high performance split transaction buses.
Survey on cloud based mobile security and a new framework for improvement (2011)

The rapid growth of mobile industry, especially after the coming of smartphones, has given rises to many new mobile security issues. Those smartphones, most of which are resource-constrained compared with the traditional personal computers, however, actually make it hard for us to address these issues. Typically, it is not easy to perform resource intensive operations (e.g. malware scanning) on a handset, where the power and computational resources are limited. With the emergence of cloud computing, this situation may soon be changed. Based on a new conception of pay-as-you-consume, cloud services could greatly enhance the computational capabilities of mobile devices. The purpose of this paper is two-fold. First the state-of-the-art technology of cloud based mobile security is investigated by surveying on papers of this topic - most of them can be accessed from the ACM, IEEE, and USENIX. Secondly, a new framework called PCFC (Private Cloud and File Characteristic) is proposed in order to make improvement in this realm.
Functionally important role for arginase 1 in the airway hyperresponsiveness of asthma (2009)

l-Arginine metabolism by the arginase and nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) families of enzymes is important in NO production, and imbalances between these pathways contribute to airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in asthma. To investigate the role of arginase isozymes (ARG1 and ARG2) in AHR, we determined the protein expression of ARG1, ARG2, the NOS isozymes, and other proteins involved in l-arginine metabolism in lung tissues from asthma patients and in acute (3-wk) and chronic (12-wk) murine models of ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation. Expression of ARG1 was increased in human asthma, whereas ARG2, NOS isoforms, and the other l-arginine-related proteins (i.e., cationic amino acid transporters 1 and 2, agmatinase, and ornithine decarboxylase) were unchanged. In the acute murine model of allergic airway inflammation, augmentation of ARG1 expression was similarly the most dramatic change in protein expression. However, ARG2, NOS1, NOS2, and agmatinase were also increased, whereas NOS3 expression was decreased. Arginase inhibition in vivo with nebulized S-(2-boronoethyl)-l-cysteine attenuated the methacholine responsiveness of the central airways in mice from the acute model. Further investigations in the chronic murine model revealed an expression profile that more closely paralleled the human asthma samples: only ARG1 expression was significantly increased. Interestingly, in the chronic mouse model, which generates a remodeling phenotype, arginase inhibition attenuated methacholine responsiveness of the central and peripheral airways. The similarity in arginase expression between human asthma and the chronic model and the attenuation of AHR after in vivo treatment with an arginase inhibitor suggest the potential for therapeutic modification of arginase activity in asthma.
Rationale choosing interval of a piecewise-constant approximation of input rate of non-stationary queue system (2018)

The paper demonstrates the possibility of calculating the characteristics of the flow of visitors to objects carrying out mass events passing through checkpoints. The mathematical model is based on the non-stationary queuing system (NQS) where dependence of requests input rate from time is described by the function. This function was chosen in such way that its properties were similar to the real dependencies of speed of visitors arrival on football matches to the stadium. A piecewise-constant approximation of the function is used when statistical modeling of NQS performing. Authors calculated the dependencies of the queue length and waiting time for visitors to service (time in queue) on time for different laws. Time required to service the entire queue and the number of visitors entering the stadium at the beginning of the match were calculated too. We found the dependence for macroscopic quantitative characteristics of NQS from the number of averaging sections of the input rate.
Acceleration of thrombin-antithrombin complex formation in rat hindquarters via heparinlike molecules bound to the endothelium. (1984)

We have examined the role of heparinlike molecules in the regulation of coagulation by perfusing rat hindquarters with purified human thrombin and with its plasma inhibitor, antithrombin. Our data indicate that contact of the hemostatic components with the endothelium enhances the rate of thrombin-antithrombin complex formation by as much as 19-fold over the uncatalyzed rate of enzyme-inhibitor interaction. Heparinlike molecules are responsible for the antithrombin accelerating activity. The amount of thrombin-antithrombin complex generated within the hindlimb preparation after pretreatment of the vasculature with purified Flavobacterium heparinase or with addition of platelet Factor IV to the hemostatic components, was equal to the uncatalyzed levels. These heparinlike molecules appear to be tightly bound to the luminal surface of the endothelium, since they could not be detected within the physiologic buffer that was perfused through the animal. The above mucopolysaccharides function in a manner similar to commercial heparin, since modification of antithrombin at a site critical for heparin-dependent acceleration of the protease inhibitor resulted in a level of interaction product identical to the uncatalyzed amount. Finally, addition of diisofluorophosphate-thrombin to the enzyme perfusion stream reduced the amount of thrombin-antithrombin complex formed in the animal by 30-40%, which suggested that thrombin bound to the endothelium as well as enzyme free in solution are accessible to antithrombin that has interacted with heparinlike molecules present on the endothelium.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of CsxWO3 and the Effects of N2 Annealing on its Microstructure and Heat Shielding Properties (2014)

Cesium tungsten bronze（CsxWO3） powders were synthesized by hydrothermal reaction at 190 ℃ by using sodium tungstate and cesium carbonate as raw materials,and the effects of N2 annealing on the microstructure and near-infrared（NIR） shielding as well as heat insulation properties of CsxWO3 were investigated.The results indicated that the synthesized CsxWO3 powders exhibited hexagonal Cs0.32WO3crystal structure,and subsequent N2 annealing could further improve the crystallinity of CsxW03 particles.Moreover,the NIR shielding and heat insulation properties of CsxWO3 could be further improved after N2annealing at appropriate temperature for a period of time.Particularly,the 500 ℃-annealed CsxWO3 products in the N2 atmosphere showed the best NIR shielding and heat insulation properties.When the N2 annealing temperature was higher than 700 ℃,the NIR shielding properties decreased again.The 800 ℃-annealed samples in the N2 atmosphere showed higher visible light transmittance,however,the NIR shielding properties were lower than that of the non-annealed samples.
[Analysis of the results in pheochromoblastoma treatment]. (2004)

Results of operative treatment of 60 patients with pheochromoblastoma were analyzed. Surgical method of treatment is the most effective one. Lumbotomic extraperitoneal access is the method of choice. Oncological radicalism demands not only complete excision of primary tumor in sole capsule together with suprarenal gland, but also the revision of paranephral, paracaval and paraaortal cellule. Radical intervention with subsequent durable remission was performed in 38 (63.3%) of patients, also in 3 (5%) the remission was achieved after reintervention conduction. Two (3.3%) patients are living with persisting disease, which can be controlled easier using medicines, than before the operation. In 8 (13.3%) patients with the spread metastases revealed and they were directed to symptomatic therapy by their residence. The recurrence occurrence after primary operation performance is unfavorable prognostic feature: 55.8% of such patients were considered incurable. Operative treatment performed had guaranteed the disease remission achievement in 71.9% of patients.
Reversible Lysine Modification on Proteins by Using Functionalized Boronic Acids (2015)

Iminoboronates have been utilized to successfully install azide and alkyne bioorthogonal functions on proteins, which may then be further reacted with their bioorthogonal counterparts. These constructs were also used to add polyethylene glycol (PEG) to insulin, a modification which has been shown to be reversible in the presence of fructose. Finally, iminoboronates were used to assemble a folic acid/paclitaxel small-molecule/drug conjugate in situ with an IC50 value of 20.7 nM against NCI-H460 cancer cells and negligible cytotoxicity against the CRL-1502 noncancer cells.
Reaction Calorimetry for the Development of Ultrasound‐Induced Polymerization Processes in CO<sub>2</sub>‐Expanded Fluids (2007)

Abstract A strong viscosity increase upon polymerization hinders radical formation during an ultrasound‐induced bulk polymerization. Since CO 2 acts as a strong anti‐solvent for most polymers, it can be used to reduce the viscosity of the reaction mixture. In this work, a process for the ultrasound‐induced polymerization in CO 2 ‐expanded fluids has been developed. Temperature oscillation calorimetry has been applied to study the influence of CO 2 on the viscosity during the ultrasound‐induced polymerization. In contrast to polymerizations in bulk, the results show that a low viscosity is maintained during polymerization reactions in CO 2 ‐expanded methyl methacrylate (MMA). As a consequence, a constant or even increasing polymerization rate is observed when pressurized CO 2 is applied. Moreover, the ultrasound‐induced polymer scission in CO 2 ‐expanded MMA is demonstrated, which appears to be a highly controlled process. Finally, a preliminary sustainable process design is presented for the production of 10 kg/hour pure PMMA (specialty product) in CO 2 ‐expanded MMA by ultrasound‐induced initiation.
Synthesis of Regioselectively Protected Forms of Cytidine Based on Enzyme-catalyzed Deacetylation as the Key Step (2000)

N4-Acetylcytidine (77%) and 2',3'-O, N4-triacetylcytidine (95%) were obtained from the hydrolysis of a common precursor, the peracetylated form of cytidine with Aspergillus niger lipase (Amano A) and Burkholderia cepacia esterase (SC esterase S), respectively, under very mild conditions. The experimental procedure for the conversion of triacetylcytidine to a corresponding phosphoramidite (82%), an intermediate for sugar nucleotide synthesis, is also elaborated.
Ultrasound assessment of lung aeration loss during a successful weaning trial predicts postextubation distress* (2012)

Lung ultrasound determination of aeration changes during a successful spontaneous breathing trial may accurately predict postextubation distress.
Editorial: Mitochondrial Biology and Its Role in Metabolic Diseases (2022)

Starting with anecdotal reports there is now increasing evidence that chronic non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, cancer, and several neurodegenerative conditions may be interlinked by common pathobiological mechanisms. Mitochondria are prime candidates to modulate such intersecting processes because of their crucial role in energy homeostasis influencing nearly every tissue and organ of the body. Defects in mitochondrial metabolism can occur at all ages and produce a plethora of multiorgan symptoms, as illustrated through the research compiled for this Research Topic of Frontiers in Endocrinology.