gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dapagliflozin across the range of ejection fraction in patients with heart failure: a patient-level, pooled meta-analysis of DAPA-HF and DELIVER (2022)

Whether the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor dapagliflozin reduces the risk of a range of morbidity and mortality outcomes in patients with heart failure regardless of ejection fraction is unknown. A patient-level pooled meta-analysis of two trials testing dapagliflozin in participants with heart failure and different ranges of left ventricular ejection fraction (≤40% and >40%) was pre-specified to examine the effect of treatment on endpoints that neither trial, individually, was powered for and to test the consistency of the effect of dapagliflozin across the range of ejection fractions. The pre-specified endpoints were: death from cardiovascular causes; death from any cause; total hospital admissions for heart failure; and the composite of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction or stroke (major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs)). A total of 11,007 participants with a mean ejection fraction of 44% (s.d. 14%) were included. Dapagliflozin reduced the risk of death from cardiovascular causes (hazard ratio (HR) 0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76-0.97; P = 0.01), death from any cause (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.82-0.99; P = 0.03), total hospital admissions for heart failure (rate ratio 0.71, 95% CI 0.65-0.78; P < 0.001) and MACEs (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.81-1.00; P = 0.045). There was no evidence that the effect of dapagliflozin differed by ejection fraction. In a patient-level pooled meta-analysis covering the full range of ejection fractions in patients with heart failure, dapagliflozin reduced the risk of death from cardiovascular causes and hospital admissions for heart failure (PROSPERO: CRD42022346524).
Diphenyl-diacetylene liquid crystals for electro-optic application (1991)

Three diphenyl-diacetylene nematic liquid-crystal homologs were synthesized and two mixtures formulated. Dielectric constant, threshold voltage, splay elastic constant, birefringence, order parameter, and rotational viscosity of these liquid crystals were evaluated at elevated temperatures. These highly conjugated liquid-crystal mixtures are found to exhibit a large birefringence, relatively low viscosity, wide nematic range, and modest dielectric anisotropy. Potential applications of these liquid crystals in high definition displays, infrared spatial light modulators, and high-speed light switches are foreseeable.
Effect of simultaneous administration of cold-adapted and wild-type influenza A viruses on experimental wild-type influenza infection in humans (1994)

On the basis of the ability of the attenuated cold-adapted strain of influenza A virus to suppress disease production in ferrets simultaneously infected with epidemic influenza virus (P. Whitaker-Dowling, H.F. Maassab, and J.S. Youngner, J. Infect. Dis. 164:1200-1202, 1991), an evaluation of the ability of the cold-adapted virus to modify clinical disease in humans was made. Adult volunteers with prechallenge serum hemagglutination-inhibition titers to the influenza A/Kawasaki/86 (H1N1) virus of < or = 1:8 received either 10(7) 50% tissue culture infective doses of the wild-type A/Kawasaki virus or a mixture of 10(7) 50% tissue culture infective doses of each of the wild-type virus and a cold-adapted A/Kawasaki reassortant virus by intranasal drops in a randomized, double-blind fashion. Symptoms and wild-type virus shedding were assessed daily for 6 days following challenge. Results were compared with those derived from another group of volunteers who received only cold-adapted virus. Volunteers who received the mixed inoculum of cold-adapted and wild-type viruses had lower symptom scores than those who received wild-type virus alone, suggesting that coinfection with the cold-adapted virus may modify wild-type virus infection, but the differences were not statistically significant in this small study. The data demonstrate that administration of cold-adapted influenza A virus to humans at the time of wild-type virus infection is a safe procedure.
Novel photonic filter and receiver based on whispering gallery mode microresonators (2002)

We describe two new devices based on whispering gallery mode microresonators. The first device, a multipole filter, is based on coupled microresonators, the frequency of which is trimmed in situ to produce the desired filter function. The second device is based on a lithium niobate microresonator, which can detect applied microwave signals with power as low as 2.5 nW.
Purification of the Human Interferon-γ Receptor by Ligand Affinity (1990)

Interferon-γ(IFN-γ) is a product of activated T lymphocytes (Kasahara et al., 1983) and low density lymphocytes (). In addition to its antiviral and growth inhibitory activities, IFN-γis one of the major immunoregulatory lymphokines. Its immunoregulatory functions include macrophage activation, growth, differentiation, and maturation of various immunocytes and induction of class I and II MHC gene products both in macrophages and in cells of nonhematopoietic origin (for a review see ). A survey of its various activities reveals that IFN-γelicits 50% of its maximal effect at concentrations of 0.5-1 pM. Indeed, the level of IFN-γ in blood or in other tissue fluids rarely exceeds the lower limit of detection, which is about 10 antiviral U/mL (10 pM). Therefore, a highly sensitive and selective system must be present in the cells in order to trace IFN-γ and respond to it. Such a system is the cell surface receptor. In this respect, IFN-γ is similar to other polypeptide hormones, lymphokines, and other cytokines, all acting through specific cell-membrane receptors. This array of polypeptides and their receptors serve as an efficient chemical signaling network that is essential for the existence of multicellular organisms.
Estimating the Useful Life of an ATF Using an Integrated Bulk Oxidation and Friction Degradation Model (2004)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">An integrated approach to modeling end of useful life of an automatic transmission fluid (ATF) has been developed. The flexible fluid life model allows either predictive or real-time calculations of the end of useful fluid life under different transmission design strategies and customer driver behaviors as reflected in operating temperatures, shift characteristics, fluid volume and fluid distribution throughout the transmission. An estimation of remaining useful fluid life is monitored using two metrics, namely bulk oxidation, as a general indicator of fluid quality, and frictional degradation, as an indicator of shift quality. As operating conditions increase in severity, ATF is subjected to conditions that may shorten its life. Using the developed technique, ATF useful life can be better predicted.</div>
Subscription Partitioning and Routing in Content-based Publish/Subscribe Systems (2005)

Abstract — Content-based publish/subscribe systems allow subscribers to specify events of interest based on event contents, beyond pre-assigned event topics. When networks of servers are used to provide scalable content-based publish/subscribe ser-vices, we have the flexibility of partitioning existing subscrip-tions and routing new subscriptions among multiple servers to optimize various performance metrics including total network traffic, load balancing, and system throughput. We propose two approaches to subscription partitioning and routing, one based on partitioning the event space and the other based on parti-tioning the subscription set, and discuss their trade-offs. Fi-nally, we collect and analyze a set of real-world stock-quote subscriptions and use that as the basis for our simulation study to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes. I.
Ultrasonic detection of photothermal interaction of lasers with tissue using a pulsed Doppler system (1995)

Thermal therapy using various heating sources such as lasers or microwaves to destroy benign and malignant lesions has recently gained widespread acceptance. However, the accurate prediction of thermal damage in tissue according to theoretical or computer modeling is difficult and unreliable due to target variability with respect to physical properties, geometry, and blood perfusion. Thus, one of the major obstacles to application of thermal therapies has been the lack of a noninvasive, real-time method that could determine the extent and geometry of treated tissue. To evaluate the effects of laser heating on tissue, we have developed an analog-digital hybrid Doppler ultrasound system to measure the phase and amplitude of ultrasonic echoes returned from the heated tissue. The system consists of an eight-gate pulsed Doppler detector, a 16-channel 12-bit A/D converter, and a signal analysis and visualization software package. In vitro studies using canine liver showed two distinct types of modulation of the echoes along the ultrasound beam path during laser irradiation using an 810 nm diode laser. Type 1 signals showed a small and slow variation in amplitude and phase, and were attributed to tissue coagulation. Type 1 signals showed a small and slow variation in amplitude and phase, and were attributed to tissue coagulation. Type 2 signals showed large and rapid variations in amplitude and phase which usually appeared after tissue surface explosion and were indicative of tissue ablation. We hypothesize that the observed phase changes in type 1 signals are due to thermal effects within the tissue consistent with tissue expansion and contraction while the phase changes in type 2 signals are likely due to formation and motion of gas bubbles in the tissue. A further development of the Doppler ultrasound technique could lead to the generation of feedback information needed for monitoring and automatic control of thermal treatment using various heating modalities such as laser, high intensity focused ultrasound, microwaves, or radio frequency waves.
Hybrid lithium-ion capacitors with asymmetric graphene electrodes (2017)

A dual-graphene LIC delivered a high energy density of 222 W h kg<sup>−1</sup> with a power density of 410 W kg<sup>−1</sup>.
Cross-plane electronic and thermal transport properties of p-type La0.67Sr0.33MnO3/LaMnO3 perovskite oxide metal/semiconductor superlattices (2012)

Lanthanum strontium manganate (La0.67Sr0.33MnO3, i.e., LSMO)/lanthanum manganate (LaMnO3, i.e., LMO) perovskite oxide metal/semiconductor superlattices were investigated as a potential p-type thermoelectric material. Growth was performed using pulsed laser deposition to achieve epitaxial LSMO (metal)/LMO (p-type semiconductor) superlattices on (100)-strontium titanate (STO) substrates. The magnitude of the in-plane Seebeck coefficient of LSMO thin films (&lt;20 μV/K) is consistent with metallic behavior, while LMO thin films were p-type with a room temperature Seebeck coefficient of 140 μV/K. Thermal conductivity measurements via the photo-acoustic (PA) technique showed that LSMO/LMO superlattices exhibit a room temperature cross-plane thermal conductivity (0.89 W/m·K) that is significantly lower than the thermal conductivity of individual thin films of either LSMO (1.60 W/m·K) or LMO (1.29 W/m·K). The lower thermal conductivity of LSMO/LMO superlattices may help overcome one of the major limitations of oxides as thermoelectrics. In addition to a low cross-plane thermal conductivity, a high ZT requires a high power factor (S2σ). Cross-plane electrical transport measurements were carried out on cylindrical pillars etched in LSMO/LMO superlattices via inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching. Cross-plane electrical resistivity data for LSMO/LMO superlattices showed a magnetic phase transition temperature (TP) or metal-semiconductor transition at ∼330 K, which is ∼80 K higher than the TP observed for in-plane resistivity of LSMO, LMO, or LSMO/LMO thin films. The room temperature cross-plane resistivity (ρc) was found to be greater than the in-plane resistivity by about three orders of magnitude. The magnitude and temperature dependence of the cross-plane conductivity of LSMO/LMO superlattices suggests the presence of a barrier with the effective barrier height of ∼300 meV. Although the magnitude of the cross-plane power factor is too low for thermoelectric applications by a factor of approximately 10−4—in part because the growth conditions chosen for this study yielded relatively high resistivity films—the temperature dependence of the resistivity and the potential for tuning the power factor by engineering strain, oxygen stoichiometry, and electronic band structure suggest that these epitaxial metal/semiconductor superlattices are deserving of further investigation.
A cell-free biosynthesis platform for modular construction of protein glycosylation pathways (2019)

Abstract Glycosylation plays important roles in cellular function and endows protein therapeutics with beneficial properties. However, constructing biosynthetic pathways to study and engineer protein glycosylation remains a bottleneck. To address this limitation, we describe a modular, versatile cell-free platform for glyco sylation p athway assembly by rapid in vitro m ixing and e xpression (GlycoPRIME). In GlycoPRIME, crude cell lysates are enriched with glycosyltransferases by cell-free protein synthesis and then glycosylation pathways are assembled in a mix-and-match fashion to elaborate a single glucose priming handle installed by an N -linked glycosyltransferase. We demonstrate GlycoPRIME by constructing 37 putative protein glycosylation pathways, creating 23 unique glycan motifs. We then use selected pathways to design a one-pot cell-free system to synthesize a vaccine protein with an α-galactose motif and engineered Escherichia coli strains to produce human antibody constant regions with minimal sialic acid motifs. We anticipate that our work will facilitate glycoscience and make possible new glycoengineering applications.
<title>Improved scintillator fiber optic long counter for neutron detection and spectroscopy</title> (1993)

An improved scintillator fiber optic long counter for neutron detection, which uses <SUP>6</SUP>Li- loaded, Tb<SUP>3+</SUP>-doped glass scintillator fibers as the detection element has been fabricated and tested. By determining the position of an absorbed neutron along the fiber axis, the system is capable of performing low resolution neutron spectroscopy based on thermalization depth, while retaining the flat efficiency of the conventional long counter. The system offers improved gamma ray/neutron discrimination capability and more efficient signal processing electronics.
Integration of promoters, inverted repeat sequences and proteomic data into a model for high silencing efficiency of coeliac disease related gliadins in bread wheat (2013)

We conclude that to obtain wheat lines with an optimum reduction of toxic gluten epitopes one needs to take into account the factors of inverted repeat sequences design, promoter choice and also the wheat background used.
Selecting subexpressions to materialize at datacenter scale (2018)

We observe significant overlaps in the computations performed by user jobs in modern shared analytics clusters. Naïvely computing the same subexpressions multiple times results in wasting cluster resources and longer execution times. Given that these shared cluster workloads consist of tens of thousands of jobs, identifying overlapping computations across jobs is of great interest to both cluster operators and users. Nevertheless, existing approaches support orders of magnitude smaller workloads or employ heuristics with limited effectiveness. In this paper, we focus on the problem of subexpression selection for large workloads, i.e., selecting common parts of job plans and materializing them to speed-up the evaluation of subsequent jobs. We provide an ILP-based formulation of our problem and map it to a bipartite graph labeling problem. Then, we introduce B ig S ubs , a vertex-centric graph algorithm to iteratively choose in parallel which subexpressions to materialize and which subexpressions to use for evaluating each job. We provide a distributed implementation of our approach using our internal SQL-like execution framework, SCOPE, and assess its effectiveness over production workloads. B ig S ubs supports workloads with tens of thousands of jobs, yielding savings of up to 40% in machine-hours. We are currently integrating our techniques with the SCOPE runtime in our production clusters.
Video Game Adapts To Brain Waves (1994)

Electronic training system based on video game developed to help children afflicted with attention-deficit disorder (ADD) learn to prolong their attention spans. Uses combination of electroencephalography (EEG) and adaptive control to encourage attentiveness. Monitors trainee's brain-wave activity: if EEG signal indicates attention is waning, system increases difficulty of game, forcing trainee to devote more attention to it. Game designed to make trainees want to win and, in so doing, learn to pay attention for longer times.
Multicast Support for Mapping of Address and Port Protocol and Light Weight 4over6 (2015)

This memo specifies multicast component for MAP and Light Weight
4over6 so that IPv4 hosts can receive multicast data from IPv4 servers
over an IPv6 network. The solution developed is based on translation.
In the Translation Multicast solution for MAP (MAP-E and MAP-T) and
lw4o6, IGMP messages are translated into MLD messages and sent to the
network in IPv6. MAP Border Relay/lwAFTR does the reverse translation
and joins IPv4 multicast group for the hosts. Border Relay/lwAFTR as
multicast router receives IPv4 multicast data and translates the
packet into IPv6 multicast data and sends downstream on the multicast
tree. Member CEs/lwB4s receive multicast data, translate it back to
IPv4 and transmit to the hosts.
Androgen Receptor Splice Variant AR3 Promotes Prostate Cancer via Modulating Expression of Autocrine/Paracrine Factors (2013)

Deregulation of androgen receptor (AR) splice variants has been implicated to play a role in prostate cancer development and progression. To understand their functions in prostate, we established a transgenic mouse model (AR3Tg) with targeted expression of the constitutively active and androgen-independent AR splice variant AR3 (a.k.a. AR-V7) in prostate epithelium. We found that overexpression of AR3 modulates expression of a number of tumor-promoting autocrine/paracrine growth factors (including Tgfβ2 and Igf1) and expands prostatic progenitor cell population, leading to development of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. In addition, we showed that some epithelial-mesenchymal transition-associated genes are up-regulated in AR3Tg prostates, suggesting that AR3 may antagonize AR activity and halt the differentiation process driven by AR and androgen. This notion is supported by our observations that the number of Ck5(+)/Ck8(+) intermediate cells is increased in AR3Tg prostates after castration, and expression of AR3 transgene in these intermediate cells compromises prostate epithelium regeneration upon androgen replacement. Our results demonstrate that AR3 is a driver of prostate cancer, at least in part, through modulating multiple tumor-promoting autocrine/paracrine factors.
Update on Coronary Angioscopy: Review of a 20‐Year Experience and Potential Application for Detection of Vulnerable Plaque (2006)

Predicting the occurrence of future acute coronary syndromes remains an important challenge of contemporary cardiology. It is thought that detecting the individual vulnerable plaques in patients can be an important step to preventing myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death. Coronary angioscopy can provide detailed information of the luminal surface of plaque, such as color, thrombus, or disruption, and is one of a few possibly useful imaging modalities for identifying vulnerable plaques. During its 20-year history, coronary angioscopy has been used as a diagnostic tool or to guide coronary angioplasty, and has contributed to our understanding of the pathophysiology of coronary artery disease. Yellow plaques seen during angioscopy seem to have many characteristics of high risk or vulnerable plaques, most consistent with the thin-cap fibroatheroma. Moreover, differences in yellow color have been reported to reflect differences in the structure or composition of plaques. Development of quantitative methods to assess plaque color and histopathologic correlations in conjunction with prospective natural history studies may lead to advances in vulnerable plaque detection by coronary angioscopy. Although current angioscopic devices are limited by the need to displace the column of blood in order to see the vessel wall, and by the lack of quantitative colorimetric methods, advances in technology may lead to new device versions that could be practical for expanded clinical use.
A fiberstretcher operating as an optical delay line in a fiber-coupled THz spectrometer (2008)

We demonstrate the use of a fiber stretcher as an optical delay line in a fiber-coupled THz spectrometer. No measurable dispersion effects occur when extending the fiber. Measurements of the terahertz pulses at a stretching frequency of 20 Hz show the great potential of such a device for future all-fiber terahertz systems.
Waterborne oil-modified polyurethane coatings via hybrid miniemulsion polymerization (2000)

As part of a wider effort to develop a new class of waterborne coatings, hybrid miniemulsion polymerization was carried out with acrylic monomers (methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, and acrylic acid) in the presence of oil-modified polyurethane resin. Latexes with different ratios of resin to acrylic monomers were synthesized. The monomer emulsions prepared for hybrid miniemulsion polymerization showed excellent shelf-life stability (>5 months) and the polymerization was run free of coagulation. Solvent extraction indicated that the grafting efficiency of polyacrylics was greater than 29% for all the samples produced. A 13C solution NMR spectrum showed that a substantial fraction of the original carbon double bonds (>61%) in oil-modified polyurethane remained after polymerization for film curing. Films obtained from the latexes presented good adhesion properties and fair hardness properties. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 76: 105–114, 2000
Studies of CO<sub>2</sub>Hydrate Formation and Dissolution (1998)

Sequestering waste CO2 in the deep ocean as a gas, liquid, or hydrate has been variously proposed (1−3). We describe experiments producing CO2 hydrate that may eventually assist in developing methodology for large-scale creation of this ice-like substance. We produced a simple and inexpensive system for conducting high-pressure experimentation. We established the minimum ratio of CO2 to water (both deionized water and seawater) needed to produce stable traces of hydrate. We suggested an explanation for the differences observed in forming hydrate from the two media. We demonstrated that hydrate decomposed when exposed to an intermittent flow of water. We proposed a model of pathways involved in forming CO2 hydrate. Previous reports on hydrate formation have emphasized pressure−temperature relationships and ef fects thereon. Our experimentation focused on the amount of CO2 in all phases inside the pressure chamber (designated as Υ-CO2). The minimum Υ-CO2 needed for producing hydrate varied with pressure. Hydrate became unstable and decomposed in intermittently flowing water. Our approach has yielded new information regarding requirements for hydrate formation and the potential for dissolution in the deep ocean