gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vertically Aligned Boron Nitride Nanosheets: Chemical Vapor Synthesis, Ultraviolet Light Emission, and Superhydrophobicity (2010)

Boron nitride (BN) is a promising semiconductor with a wide band gap ( approximately 6 eV). Here, we report the synthesis of vertically aligned BN nanosheets (BNNSs) on silicon substrates by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition from a gas mixture of BF(3)-N(2)-H(2). The size, shape, thickness, density, and alignment of the BNNSs were well-controlled by appropriately changing the growth conditions. With changing the gas flow rates of BF(3) and H(2) as well as their ratio, the BNNSs evolve from three-dimensional with branches to two-dimensional with smooth surface and their thickness changes from 20 to below 5 nm. The growth of the BNNSs rather than uniform granular films is attributed to the particular chemical properties of the gas system, mainly the strong etching effect of fluorine. The alignment of the BNNSs is possibly induced by the electrical field generated in plasma sheath. Strong UV light emission with a broad band ranging from 200 to 400 nm and superhydrophobicity with contact angles over 150 degrees were obtained for the vertically aligned BNNSs. The present BNNSs possess the properties complementary to carbon nanosheets such as intrinsically semiconducting, high temperature stability, and high chemical inertness and may find applications in ultraviolet nanoelectronics, catalyst supports, electron field emission, and self-cleaning coatings, etc., especially those working at high temperature and in harsh environments.
A SOA-based health service platform in smart home environment (2011)

The increasing demand for a good healthcare quality has brought Information and Communication Technology to an important role in healthcare domain. The trend in decreasing number of formal healthcare workers gives further pressure to move non-urgent treatments to the patients' homes. However, delivering healthcare services to meet the changing needs of inhabitants in a smart home requires an open and flexible service creation and integration environment so that the modification of existing services as well as creation of new services can be achieved in a timely manner. This paper presents a vision of a logical integration platform in a smart home environment, integrating various devices and services by adopting the Service-Oriented Architecture paradigm to provide interoperability, modularity, and reusability of different service components.
Merging rank lists from multiple sources in video classification (2005)

Multimedia corpora increasingly consist of data from multiple sources, with different characteristics that can be exploited by specialized applications. This paper focuses on video classification over multiple-source collections, and addresses the question whether classifiers should train from individual sources or from a full data set across all sources. If training separately, how can rank lists from different sources be merged effectively? We formulate the problem of merging ranked lists as learning a function mapping from local scores to global scores, and propose a learning method based on logistic regression. In our experiments we find that source characteristics are very important for video classification. Moreover, our method of learning mapping functions performs significantly better than merging methods without explicitly learning the mapping junctions.
Protein Kinase C-θ Inhibits Inducible Regulatory T Cell Differentiation via an AKT-Foxo1/3a–Dependent Pathway (2012)

Protein kinase C (PKC)-θ has been shown to be a critical TCR signaling molecule that promotes the activation and differentiation of naive T cells into inflammatory effector T cells. In this study, we demonstrate that PKC-θ-mediated signals inhibit inducible regulatory T cell (iTreg) differentiation via an AKT-Foxo1/3A pathway. TGF-β-induced iTreg differentiation was enhanced in PKC-θ(-/-) T cells or wild-type cells treated with a specific PKC-θ inhibitor, but was inhibited by the PKC-θ activator PMA, or by CD28 crosslinking, which enhances PKC-θ activation. PKC-θ(-/-) T cells had reduced activity of the AKT kinase, and the expression of a constitutively active form of AKT in PKC-θ(-/-) T cells restored the ability to inhibit iTreg differentiation. Furthermore, knockdown or overexpression of the AKT downstream targets Foxo1 and Foxo3a was found to inhibit or promote iTreg differentiation in PKC-θ(-/-) T cells accordingly, indicating that the AKT-Foxo1/3A pathway is responsible for the inhibition of iTreg differentiation of iTregs downstream of PKC-θ. We conclude that PKC-θ is able to control T cell-mediated immune responses by shifting the balance between the differentiation of effector T cells and inhibitory Tregs.
Abordări pragmatice în educația modernă: Educația despre standardizare (2018)

In recent years there were in educational environments, intense debates on two major topics and trends related to standards and standardization: standardization in education and education about standardization. These trends were enabled, in our view, by the accelerated pace of implementation in everyday life of scientific and technical discoveries as well as by the higher development rate of economic and business environments in respect to the educational environments. Another reason for the development of these trends is the need for a more efficient correlation between the labor market needs and the offer of educational environments.
Basic Reactivity Pattern of a Cyclic Disilylated Germylene (2016)

In order to estimate the reactivity of disilylated germylene phosphine adducts, a cyclic version of this compound class was reacted with a number of different reagents. Reactions with the chalcogens sulfur, selenium, and tellurium led to dimers of the heavy ketone analogues. Reactions with water and ethyl bromide proceeded to give the respective oxidized germanol and germyl bromide. Two different reactions with alkynes were observed which led either to a germacyclopropene, by addition of tolane to the germylene, or to a silagermacyclobutene, likely formed by addition of the alkyne across a silagermene. Reaction via the silagermene was also observed in the reaction with benzophenone. Reaction of a germylene phosphine adduct with GeCl<sub>2</sub>·(dioxane) provided insertion of the silylated germylene into a Ge-Cl bond, leading to a germylated chlorogermylene phosphine adduct.
Kinetic modeling of atmospheric formic acid pretreatment of wheat straw with “potential degree of reaction” models (2015)

Potential degree of reaction models, which are developed based on the multilayered structure of plant cell wall, have been found applicable as general models for describing the kinetics of various chemical pretreatments of different biomass feedstocks.
Identification and characterization of glucose transport proteins in plasma membrane- and Golgi vesicle-enriched fractions prepared from lactating rat mammary gland (1990)

Plasma membrane- and Golgi vesicle-enriched membrane fractions were prepared from day-10 lactating rat mammary glands. Each fraction was found to contain a single set of D-glucose-inhibitable cytochalasin B-binding sites: plasma membranes and Golgi vesicles bound 20 +/- 2 and 53 +/- 4 pmol of cytochalasin/mg of membrane protein (means +/- S.E.M.), with dissociation constants of 259 +/- 47 and 520 +/- 47 nM respectively. Anti-peptide antibodies against the C-terminal region (residues 477-492) of the rat brain/human erythrocyte glucose transporter labelled a sharp band of apparent Mr 50,000 on Western blots of both fractions. Treatment with endoglycosidase F before blotting decreased the apparent Mr of this band to 38,000, indicating that it corresponded to a glycoprotein. Confirmation that this immunologically cross-reactive band was a glucose transporter was provided by the demonstration that it could be photoaffinity-labelled, in a D-glucose-sensitive fashion, with cytochalasin B. Quantitative Western blotting studies yielded values of 28 +/- 5 and 23 +/- 3 pmol of immunologically cross-reactive glucose transporters/mg of membrane protein in the plasma membrane and Golgi vesicle fractions respectively. From comparison with the concentration of cytochalasin B-binding sites, it is concluded that a protein homologous to the rat brain glucose transporter constitutes the major glucose transport species in the plasma membranes of mammary gland epithelial cells. Glucose transporters are also found in the Golgi membranes of these cells, at least half of them being similar, if not identical, to the transporters of the plasma membrane. However, their function in this location remains unclear.
Pecan, Pecan Nut Casebearer Insecticide Efficacy Tests, 1984 (1985)

Abstract Test blocks of at least 6 trees were established in Adriance Orchard on the Texas Agr. Exp. Sta. Farm, Burleson County near College Station, Texas. Tests included trees of the Brake, Desirable, Graking, Mahan, Stuart, and Success Cultivars. Counts of pecan nut casebearer were made on 14 May ’84, by examining nutlets for 1st summer generation larval entry. Cluster entry on that date was 3.52% ± 0.86% (n = 10). Treatments were timed using the degree day model for the pecan nut casebearer and field inspections for egg deposition and nut entry. All chemicals were applied with a John Bean Speed Sprayer® as a dilute solution sprayed on the foliage to the point of runoff. Phytotoxicity to foliage or nuts was not noted from the materials used in this test.
Three-dimensional IMRT verification with a flat-panel EPID (2005)

A three-dimensional (3D) intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) pretreatment verification procedure has been developed based on the measurement of two-dimensional (2D) primary fluence profiles using an amorphous silicon flat-panel electronic portal imaging device (EPID). As described in our previous work, fluence profiles are extracted from EPID images by deconvolution with kernels that represent signal spread in the EPID due to radiation and optical scattering. The deconvolution kernels are derived using Monte Carlo simulations of dose deposition in the EPID and empirical fitting methods, for both 6 and 15 MV photon energies. In our new 3D verification technique, 2D fluence modulation profiles for each IMRT field in a treatment are used as input to a treatment planning system (TPS), which then generates 3D doses. Verification is accomplished by comparing this new EPID-based 3D dose distribution to the planned dose distribution calculated by the TPS. Thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) point dose measurements for an IMRT treatment of an anthropomorphic phantom were in good agreement with the EPID-based 3D doses; in contrast, the planned dose under-predicts the TLD measurement in a high-gradient region by approximately 16%. Similarly, large discrepancies between EPID-based and TPS doses were also evident in dose profiles of small fields incident on a water phantom. These results suggest that our 3D EPID-based method is effective in quantifying relevant uncertainties in the dose calculations of our TPS for IMRT treatments. For three clinical head and neck cancer IMRT treatment plans, our TPS was found to underestimate the mean EPID-based doses in the critical structures of the spinal cord and the parotids by approximately 4 Gy (11%-14%). According to radiobiological modeling calculations that were performed, such underestimates can potentially lead to clinically significant underpredictions of normal tissue complication rates.
Severe Acquired Toxoplasmosis in Immunocompetent Adult Patients in French Guiana (2002)

The most common presentation of symptomatic postnatally acquired toxoplasmosis in immunocompetent patients is painless cervical adenopathy. Acute visceral manifestations are associated in rare cases. We report 16 cases of severe primary toxoplasmosis diagnosed in French Guiana during a 6.5-year period. All of the subjects were immunocompetent adults hospitalized with clinical presentations consisting of a marked, nonspecific infectious syndrome accompanied by an altered general status with at least one visceral localization, mainly pulmonary involvement (14 cases). Acute toxoplasmosis was diagnosed according to the results of serological tests suggestive of recent primary infection and the absence of an alternative etiology. Recovery was rapid following specific antitoxoplasmosis treatment. Thirteen of the 16 patients had consumed game in the 2 weeks before the onset of the symptoms, and in eight cases the game was considered to have been undercooked. Toxoplasma strains, which were virulent in mice, were isolated from three patients. Microsatellite analysis showed that all of these isolates exhibited an atypical multilocus genotype, with one allele found only for isolates of this region.
Changed epitopes drive the antigenic drift for influenza A (H3N2) viruses (2011)

Our method is able to quantify the changed epitopes on HA for predicting the antigenic variants and providing biological insights to the vaccine updates. We believe that our method is robust and useful for studying influenza virus evolution and vaccine development.
Statistical Approach for Classifying Sentiment Reviews by Reducing Dimension using Truncated Singular Value Decomposition (2019)

Human sentiments, the attitudes, thoughts, or the judgments backed by feelings are the most important factors for the field of science and business which can be expressed through the web. The rapid growth of unstructured sentiment data has created a very big challenge to provide a fast and cost-efficient model for sentiment analysis. The aim of this paper is to find positive and negative emotions from the public comments rapidly and effectively. In this paper, to vectorize the text reviews and to reduce the dimension of the vectorized data, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) and Truncated Singular Value Decomposition (TSVD) is used respectively. An efficient approach has been provided using the logistic regression algorithm employed in a vector space model of affective knowledge which gives fast learning speed. In result, this proposed method has reduced the learning time by 42.63% with the reduction of dimension from 12209 to 100 and has reported almost the same accuracy which is 85.7% and 89.3% for the movie review and yelp restaurant review dataset respectively. In comparison to existing methods, this method has shown almost the same accuracy after dimension reduction. Our result showed that our proposed system is useful.
Synthesis and fungicidal activity against<i>Pyricularia oryzae</i>of some heteroaryl thiophene carbamates (1999)

A series of novel 3-(5-cyanopentylcarbamoyloxy)-5-(heteroaryl)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid ester and amide derivatives has been synthesised and tested for fungicidal activity against the rice blast pathogen Pyricularia oryzae. The highest levels of fungicidal activity were observed when the heteroaryl group comprised either a 2-pyridyl or 2-pyrazinyl group. Ester derivatives proved to be more active than amides, the highest activity being associated with esters derived from C6 and C7 alcohols. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry
3D Countersink Measurement (2015)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Accurate measurement of countersinks in curved parts has always been a challenge. The countersink reference is defined relative to the panel surface which includes some degree of curvature. This curvature thus makes accurate measurements very difficult using both contact and 2D non-contact measurements. By utilizing structured light 3D vision technologies, the ability to very accurately measure a countersink to small tolerances can be achieved. By knowing the pose of the camera and projector, triangulation can be used to calculate the distance to thousands of points on the panel and countersink surface. The plane of the panel is then calculated using Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) method from the dataset of points which can be adjusted to account for panel curvatures. The countersink is then found using a similar RANSAC method. As the full geometric definition of the countersink and the plane are known, the radius and angle of the countersink can be calculated by intersecting of the two geometries to find the countersink diameter and depth. By inspecting the fit of each set of point to their respective geometric entities a confidence factor can be generated for the overall countersink measurement. Utilization of this technique would allow for more detailed measurement of countersink features.</div></div>
Second Nature, a Practice-led Design Investigation into Consumerism Responding to Sustainable Home Habits (2023)

This article discusses a graphic design project about unsustainable habits around the home and their effects on climate change. The article reflects on practice-led design research, asking: How can graphic design be used to provoke young adults to make positive changes towards their unsustainable consumer habits in their homes? The design project entitled: Second Nature - is an awareness campaign that combines the researcher’s passion for environmental sustainability and creative practice as a way of expression through graphic design conventions. The project responded to the research question with a communication campaign, consisting of a series of design artefacts, including a poster series, a zine set, social media presence and a website. The artefacts allow the audience to consider the negative impact their habits cause, providing ways to make small changes towards a more sustainable lifestyle. In conducting the study, reflective and heuristic enquiry was utilised as an approach to problem-solving. In the enquiry, the project employed methods such as contextual review of knowledge, mind mapping, sketching and mock-ups to ideate, reflect and test. The article adopts a commentary on practice and evidences the design decisions to the context, including how the artefacts engage with the audience. The research contributes to the current discourses about climate change in a world dominated by consumerism, proposing and unpacking how an awareness campaign can be used as a tool to combat the depletion of our greater home, earth.
A configurable time-interleaved pipeline ADC for multi-standard wireless receivers (2004)

A time-interleaved pipeline ADC is designed for an 802.11b/Bluetooth dual-mode receiver. Its operation mode can be configured to satisfy the resolution and sampling rate required by each standard. System and circuit level techniques are applied to optimize the ADC power dissipation. An on-line digital calibration scheme is developed to cancel both non-linearity and mismatch in the ADC. The measured dynamic range of the ADC is 60 dB at 44 MS/s and 64 dB at 11 MS/s over the 802.11b and Bluetooth signal bandwidth, respectively. The ADC consumes 14.8 mW in the Bluetooth mode and 20.2 mW in the 802.11b mode.
Toward intrinsically colored peptides: Synthesis and investigation of the spectral properties of methylated azatryptophans in tryptophan‐cage mutants (2015)

Tryptophan has been taken as the basic scaffold for a chromophore whose indole residue can be further functionalized by the introduction of endocyclic nitrogen atoms or by N-methylation. When compared with exocyclic modifications, modifying tryptophan in an endocyclic fashion (through atomic substitution) should not perturb the steric profile of the amino acid side chain to such a large extent as that of an exocyclic modification, while simultaneously modulating the polarity, hydrogen-bonding ability, and spectral properties of the amino acid. Of particular interest is that the spectral properties can be tailored such that the chromophore can be monitored at wavelengths that exceed natural protein fluorescence. Ideally, the optimum excitation wavelength should be between 300 and 350 nm, and the emission wavelength should be ≥500 nm such that no cross-excitation/fluorescence occurs. Here, we report the synthesis of amino acid labels that exhibit large red shifts in their fluorescence profiles and their use in peptides.
The link between lower serum magnesium and kidney function in patients with diabetes mellitus Type 2 deserves a closer look (2009)

Our follow-up data suggest a link between low [Mg2+] and worse renal outcomes in DM2 patients.
AlignSeg: Feature-Aligned Segmentation Networks (2021)

Aggregating features in terms of different convolutional blocks or contextual embeddings has been proven to be an effective way to strengthen feature representations for semantic segmentation. However, most of the current popular network architectures tend to ignore the misalignment issues during the feature aggregation process caused by step-by-step downsampling operations and indiscriminate contextual information fusion. In this paper, we explore the principles in addressing such feature misalignment issues and inventively propose Feature-Aligned Segmentation Networks (AlignSeg). AlignSeg consists of two primary modules, i.e., the Aligned Feature Aggregation (AlignFA) module and the Aligned Context Modeling (AlignCM) module. First, AlignFA adopts a simple learnable interpolation strategy to learn transformation offsets of pixels, which can effectively relieve the feature misalignment issue caused by multi-resolution feature aggregation. Second, with the contextual embeddings in hand, AlignCM enables each pixel to choose private custom contextual information adaptively, making the contextual embeddings be better aligned. We validate the effectiveness of our AlignSeg network with extensive experiments on Cityscapes and ADE20K, achieving new state-of-the-art mIoU scores of 82.6 and 45.95 percent, respectively. Our source code is available at https://github.com/speedinghzl/AlignSeg.
Factors Related with Residential Satisfaction of Urban Villages in Shenzhen, China (2012)

Residential satisfaction is one of the most studied topics in the field of housing. This paper is to find factors that correlate with residential satisfaction of the residents and study the satisfaction differences between different groups of residents in urban village in Shenzhen. A questionnaire of 61 satisfaction variables grouped into five components based on literature review and actual situation in targeted village was conducted to find out factors related with residential satisfaction in urban villages. These components are dwelling unit, building conditions, village environment, neighborhood environment, and neighbors. Factors were extracted from these components and the correlations between the factors and residential satisfaction were analyzed by using Pearson’s correlation coefficient to find out factors that most correlate to residential satisfaction. Satisfaction differences of the five components between respondents with different characteristics were also studied. The result showed all the factors positively correlated with residential satisfaction and residential satisfaction correlated the most with the factors of perception and information exchange, room sizes, and air condition and quality. The characteristics of gender, unit type, and interaction frequency with neighbors contributed to different satisfaction with certain components.
A 310-GHz Fundamental Oscillator with 0.4-mW Output Power and 3.2% dc-to-RF Efficiency in 65-nm CMOS (2019)

This paper presents a 310-GHz fundamental oscillator with a differential T-embedding network. An on-chip transformer acts part of an embedding component and produces a single-ended output. The design is implemented in 65-nm CMOS process, occupying a core area of 0.01 μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The oscillator generates 0.4-mW output power from two 16-μm transistor while drawing 10.39-mA current from a 1.2-V power supply, corresponding to a 3.2% dc-to-RF efficiency. To the best of the author's knowledge, this oscillator provides the highest fundamental frequency in CMOS with high output power and dc-to-RF efficiency.