gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF VANADIUM SILICATE MOLECULAR SIEVES WITH ANALCIME,MAGEDIITE AND ZSM-11 STRUCTURE (2002)

Vanadium silicates such as V-Al-analcime, V-analcime, V-magediite and VZSM-11 were synthesized using vanadium pentoxide or vanadyl sulfates. Vanadium silicates with analcime structure with and without aluminum (V-Alanalcime, V-analcime) were prepared as pure phase by hydrothermal crystallization from a gel with molar composition of (1 SiO2; 0.2 V2O5; 1 Na2O; 0.034 Al2O3; 35.7 H2O) and (1 SiO2; 1 Na2O; 5.3×10 −3 V2O5; 34.7 H2O) at 130°C in 72 h respectively. XRD and SEM results showed that, although these two have similar XRD patterns, their morphologies were completely different. The new magediite with and without aluminum was also prepared as pure phase by hydrothermal crystallization. Vanadium silicate with ZSM-11 structure was synthesized by sodium silicate, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAOH) and V2O5 or VOSO4.nH2O. The structures obtained are stable up to 700°C. The role of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAOH), tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBABr), tetraethylammonium chloride (TEACl) and triethanolamine (TENA) were studied. The results showed that although TBAOH and TBABr had essential role on V-ZSM-11 formation, TEACl led to the formation of a mixture of VZSM-11 and V-magediite. Effect of time and temperature were also studied.
Indigenous healing plants (1990)

This volume concentrates on the traditional ways in which indigenous plants have been used medicinally and otherwise in South Africa for centuries. Many of these remedies survive to this day and are used by people of all races countrywide.
Role of plasma kallikrein–kinin system activation in synovial recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells in experimental arthritis (2012)

These observations demonstrate a novel role of plasma KKS activation in the synovial recruitment of EPCs in arthritis, acting via kallikrein activation and B2R-dependent mechanisms. B2R might be involved in the mobilization of EPCs via up-regulation of CXCR4.
Using digital mirror devices and compressive imaging framework to achieve geometric superresolution and field of view extension (2013)

The paper presents super resolving configurations that are integrating two digital mirror devices (DMDs) in the aperture and/or in the intermediate image plane. The usage of the DMDs allows obtaining geometric resolution improvement, enhancing field of view and reduction of aberrations such as defocusing and blurring that is obtained due to relative movement during the integration time. The idea behind all the above mentioned applications is to use the DMDs to properly encode the space and the spatial frequency domains such that the object’s information can be separated from the above mentioned aberrations, distortions, limitations and noises.
A Comprehensive Benchmark and Optimization of 5-nm Lateral and Vertical GAA 6T-SRAMs (2015)

In this paper, we present an intensive study of 6T-SRAM designs for vertical gate-all-around (GAA) transistors (VFETs) and lateral GAA transistors (LFETs) using 5-nm node design rules. Optimizations of the nanowire (NW) diameter and the gate length are also conducted to enhance the SRAM performance. Device VT retargeting has been proposed for improving the minimum operating voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">min</sub> ) of SRAMs. The isoperformance and isoyield have been performed to assess and determine the benefits provided by LFET and VFET architectures, respectively. Our results show that the VFET bitcells are denser than the LFET bitcells by 20%-30%. The SRAM read stability (read static noise margin) is significantly improved using the NW channel. For a 6σ yield target and an isoarea of SRAM bitcells, V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">min</sub> of the VFET bitcell is 80 mV lower than LFET designs. Applying the proposed VT retargeting technique can allow the VFET 122 bitcell to operate at 0.57 V without using assist circuits. A standby leakage below 10 pA/cell can be achieved for both architectures. At isoperformance, the standby leakage of VFET bitcells is 2.6× lower than LFET bitcells.
Using Machine Learning to Support Qualitative Coding in Social Science (2018)

Machine learning (ML) has become increasingly influential to human society, yet the primary advancements and applications of ML are driven by research in only a few computational disciplines. Even applications that affect or analyze human behaviors and social structures are often developed with limited input from experts outside of computational fields. Social scientists—experts trained to examine and explain the complexity of human behavior and interactions in the world—have considerable expertise to contribute to the development of ML applications for human-generated data, and their analytic practices could benefit from more human-centered ML methods. Although a few researchers have highlighted some gaps between ML and social sciences [51, 57, 70], most discussions only focus on quantitative methods. Yet many social science disciplines rely heavily on qualitative methods to distill patterns that are challenging to discover through quantitative data. One common analysis method for qualitative data is qualitative coding . In this article, we highlight three challenges of applying ML to qualitative coding. Additionally, we utilize our experience of designing a visual analytics tool for collaborative qualitative coding to demonstrate the potential in using ML to support qualitative coding by shifting the focus to identifying ambiguity. We illustrate dimensions of ambiguity and discuss the relationship between disagreement and ambiguity. Finally, we propose three research directions to ground ML applications for social science as part of the progression toward human-centered machine learning.
Al-Li Alloy 1441 for Fuselage Applications (2000)

A cooperative investigation was conducted to evaluate Al-Cu-Mg-Li alloy 1441 for long service life fuselage applications. Alloy 1441 is currently being used for fuselage applications on the Russian Be-103 amphibious aircraft, and is expected to be used for fuselage skin on a new Tupolev business class aircraft. Alloy 1441 is cold-rollable and has several attributes that make it attractive for fuselage skin applications. These attributes include lower density and higher specific modulus with similar strength as compared to conventional Al-Cu-Mg alloys. Cold-rolled 1441 Al-Li sheet specimens were tested at NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) and at the All-Russia Institute of Aviation Materials (VIAM) in Russia to evaluate tensile properties, fracture toughness, impact resistance, fatigue life and fatigue crack growth rate. In addition, fuselage panels were fabricated by Tupolev Design Bureau (TDB) using 1441 skins and Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy stiffeners. The panels were subjected to cyclic pressurization fatigue tests at TDB and at LaRC to simulate fuselage pressurization/depressurization during aircraft service. This paper discusses the results from this investigation.
One-Step RT-LATE-PCR for mRNA and Viral RNA Detection and Quantification (2010)

LATE-PCR is an optimized form of asymmetric PCR that efficiently generates high levels of single-stranded DNA amplicons. Single-stranded amplicons are advantageous because, as shown in this chapter, they can be probed at low temperature(s) with one or more probes. Based on its properties, LATE-PCR is also useful for constructing multiplex assays. Viral RNA or RNA present in cells can be detected and quantified using LATE-PCR preceded by a reverse transcription (RT) step that converts RNA into cDNA. According to the conventional two-step approach, RT is primed using nonspecific random oligonucleotides prior to performing PCR amplification in a separate step. Recently, however, the so-called "one-step" RT-PCR strategy has gained increasing popularity because all reagents needed for both reactions are added together in a single mix, thus reducing the possibility of contamination, a consideration particularly relevant to viral samples analysis. We describe below two protocols using RT-LATE-PCR and provide specific guidelines for the general application of this technique. The first protocol is devised to quantify mRNA from mouse embryos by real-time PCR; the second protocol employs end-point analysis to detect a number of different viral-like sequences in a multiplex reaction.
Relay node placement for performance enhancement with uncertain demand: A robust optimization approach (2013)

Abstract—The relay node placement problem in wireless sensor networks strongly depends on the data traffic patterns, which can be dynamically changing and not known with precision in advance. In our work, locations of the relay nodes need to be defined with the aim of improving network performance. While in current literature a uniform and constant traffic generation is usually assumed, we propose a robust optimization methodology to deal with the uncertainty in nodes ’ traffic generation. Solving to optimality the resulting robust optimization problem would be extremely expensive in computational terms, therefore we propose a distinctive robustness measure aiming at dramatically reducing computational costs without sacrificing robustness. The resulting optimization problem is tackled using a bio-inspired meta-heuristic, namely a genetic algorithm. The approach is validated through extensive simulation experiments. Results show that the performance degradation of the robust solutions is minimized in comparison with the solutions obtained ignoring the uncertainty. I.
User Preference Aware Caching Deployment for Device-to-Device Caching Networks (2017)

Content caching in the device-to-device (D2D) cellular networks can be utilized to improve the content delivery efficiency and reduce traffic load of cellular networks. In such cache-enabled D2D cellular networks, how to cache the diversity contents in the multiple cache-enabled mobile terminals, namely, the caching deployment, has a substantial impact on the network performance. In this paper, a user preference aware caching deployment algorithm is proposed for D2D caching networks. First, the definition of the user interest similarity is given based on the user preference. Then, a content cache utility of a mobile terminal is defined by taking the transmission coverage region of this mobile terminal and the user interest similarity of its adjacent mobile terminals into consideration. A general cache utility maximization problem with joint caching deployment and cache space allocation is formulated, where the special logarithmic utility function is integrated. In doing so, the caching deployment and the cache space allocation can be decoupled by equal cache space allocation. Subsequently, we relax the logarithmic utility maximization problem, and obtain a low complexity near-optimal solution via a dual decomposition method. Compared with the existing caching placement methods, the proposed algorithm can achieve significant improvement on cache hit ratio, content access delay, and traffic offloading gain.
Analysis of DFSA anti-collision protocols in passive RFID environments (2009)

Frame slotted Aloha (FSA) protocols are promising anti-collision protocols for passive RFID systems. They aim at decreasing the time to detect all the tags in range (identification delay). In FSA, the maximum identification rate (average number of tags identified per slot) is achieved when the number of contending tags matches the cycle length (number of slots in a frame). Therefore, the reader should ideally know the actual number of competing tags. However, in RFID scenarios this figure varies randomly, and the reader has to guess the number of contenders somehow. This paper analyzes the most relevant anti-collision algorithms; taking into account the limitations imposed by the world-wide de-facto standard EPCglobal Class-1 Gen-2 for passive RFID systems.
Constrained-latency storage access (1993)

A class of constrained-latency storage access (CLSA) applications that require both large amounts of storage and guarantees for short latencies are presented. A range of existing approaches to meeting the requirements of CLSA applications is surveyed. Their limitations indicate that the technology does not yet exist to support complex CLSA applications on general-purpose storage architectures. A variety of good solutions exists for meeting throughput and latency requirements for continuous media data, including dedication of resources, presequencing, and greedy prefetching. However, none of the current approaches supports the automatic anticipation of scripted data access as required for interactive editing and playback of video segments.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Sharing the Pain (2003)

It finally happened. I finally had a chart audit that inspired me to tell others about it.

Most clinicians are accustomed to having their outpatient charts reviewed by a variety of representatives from managed care organizations, hospitals, and peer review organizations. When the medical records of patients with diabetes are reviewed, most surveys focus on several key quality measures. These usually include, as a minimum, the frequency of dilated eye exams and foot inspections, as well as HbA1c results.

Our office is accustomed to these chart reviews, and our marks are usually very high. A recent chart review found that I was providing good clinical care for my patients with diabetes based on these quality measures. In one area, however, I received a score of zero. It seems that I had not assessed any of my patients for pain. This was the first time that our charts had been reviewed for this specific feature, as well as the first time, in my personal experience, that pain assessment had been given equal importance to the standard benchmarks of diabetes care.

It is never exactly clear which charts are used for random review, but I examined the chart of one patient that I believe had been included in the chart review. In the history section I found the following notation: “Neuropathy - present for 3 years, bilateral lower extremities, epicritic > protopathic, worse at night.” I felt that this was a reasonable assessment of the patient’s neuropathic discomfort, but it didn’t …
Aggregation and Sedimentation of Aqueous Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron Dispersions (2006)

Nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) rapidly transforms many environmental contaminants to benign products and is a promising in-situ remediation agent. To be effective, NZVI should form stable dispersions in water such that it can be delivered in water-saturated porous media to the contaminated area. Limited mobility of NZVI has been reported, however, attributed to its rapid aggregation. This study uses dynamic light scattering to investigate the rapid aggregation of NZVI from single nanoparticles to micrometer size aggregates, and optical microscopy and sedimentation measurements to estimate the size of interconnected fractal aggregates formed. The rate of aggregation increased with increasing particle concentration and increasing saturation magnetization (i.e., the maximum intrinsic magnet moment) of the particles. During diffusion limited aggregation the primary particles (average radius = 20 nm) aggregate to micrometer-size aggregates in only 10 min, with average hydrodynamic radii ranging from 125 nm to 1.2 microm at a particle concentration of 2 mg/L (volume fraction(phi= 3.2 x 10(-7)) and 60 mg/L (phi = 9.5 x 10(-6)), respectively. Subsequently, these aggregates assemble themselves into fractal, chain-like clusters. At an initial concentration of just 60 mg/L, cluster sizes reach 20-70 microm in 30 min and rapidly sedimented from solution. Parallel experiments conducted with magnetite and hematite, coupled with extended DLVO theory and multiple regression analysis confirm that magnetic attractive forces between particles increase the rate of NZVI aggregation as compared to nonmagnetic particles.
Chemical Formation of Silver Particulates Films under Monolayers (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical Formation of Silver Particulates Films under MonolayersKyunghee C. Yi, Zoltan Horvolgyi, and Janos H. FendlerCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 14, 3872–3881Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100065a051https://doi.org/10.1021/j100065a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views165Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
<title>New Techniques For Fusion Bonding And Replication For Large Glass Reflectors</title> (1983)

Lengths of glass tubing are used as the starting point of a new method to make light-weight glass honeycomb. The tubes are packed together and filled with free flowing refrac-tory sand. On heating to the softening point of the glass the sand pressure forces the tubes into contact. Close packed round tubes yield hexagonal glass honeycomb. Face plates can be incorporated in the same fusion step. The method has been demonstrated for borosilicate glass, but should be applicable also to fused silica. A method for accurate repli-cation of borosilicate glass off a fused silica master has also been demonstrated. It is shown that gold is an effective parting layer, and small scale replicas have been measured to have about 1μ FMS accuracy. It is suggested that honeycomb panels made by the sand fusion method and replicated off fused silica may make ideal panels for precision deployable reflectors like LDR.
Self-Coherent Multisymbol Detection of Optical Differential Phase-Shift Keying (2008)

This paper treats the recently emerging self-coherent multisymbol decision-feedback-aided detection techniques for optical differential phase-shift keyed (DPSK) transmission based on both an optical preprocessing approach and an electronic postprocessing approach. We present in detail i) the generation of a synthetic low phase-noise effective local oscillator out of the modulated optical data itself, and its estimation theory interpretation; ii) the role of polyphase (interleaved) DPSK in the optical preprocessing approach in easing the decision feedback realization requirements; iii) detection of M-ary DPSK modulation formats for general M, and differential quadrature phase-shift keying in particular; iv) three alternative integrated-optoelectronic receiver implementations for the optical preprocessing approach detailing the structures of the interferometric front-end and the high-speed electronic analog and digital building blocks; and v) the principle, and alternative implementations, of the digital postprocessing approach to self-coherent detection. We finally compare the capabilities of the emerging self-coherent detection and digital coherent detection techniques.
Towards In-situ Biogas Sensing (2015)

Among the renewable energy technologies, biogas plants are particularly interesting since they offer a reliable, steady source of electricity and heat. Both the composition as well as the quality of the biogas are crucial parameters for monitoring and optimizing the complete process chain. Currently employed systems only allow for ex-situ measurements using complex extraction machinery. Furthermore, due to their high cost a widespread use is prevented, especially in small biogas plants. To overcome these deficiencies and enable a continuous, reliable and precise determination of the gas composition innovative sensor systems are much needed. This contribution presents a novel in-situ approach capable of measuring the gas concentration of the most important biogas components continuously and in real time. This is achieved by using a combination of metal oxide based gas sensing and a photoacoustic detection scheme.
Pathogenic diversity of Phytophthora sojae and breeding strategies to develop Phytophthora-resistant soybeans (2012)

Phytophthora stem and root rot, caused by Phytophthora sojae, is one of the most destructive diseases of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], and the incidence of this disease has been increasing in several soybean-producing areas around the world. This presents serious limitations for soybean production, with yield losses from 4 to 100%. The most effective method to reduce damage would be to grow Phytophthora-resistant soybean cultivars, and two types of host resistance have been described. Race-specific resistance conditioned by single dominant Rps ("resistance to Phytophthora sojae") genes and quantitatively inherited partial resistance conferred by multiple genes could both provide protection from the pathogen. Molecular markers linked to Rps genes or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) underlying partial resistance have been identified on several molecular linkage groups corresponding to chromosomes. These markers can be used to screen for Phytophthora-resistant plants rapidly and efficiently, and to combine multiple resistance genes in the same background. This paper reviews what is currently known about pathogenic races of P. sojae in the USA and Japan, selection of sources of Rps genes or minor genes providing partial resistance, and the current state and future scope of breeding Phytophthora-resistant soybean cultivars.
Formation, Stability, and Mobility of One-Dimensional Lipid Bilayer on High Curvature Substrates (2007)

Curved lipid membranes are ubiquitous in living systems and play an important role in many biological processes. To understand how curvature and lipid composition affect membrane formation and fluidity we have assembled and studied mixed 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-Glycero-3-Phosphocholine (DOPC) and 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-Glycero-3-Phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) supported lipid bilayers on amorphous silicon nanowires with controlled diameters ranging from 20 nm to 200 nm. Addition of cone-shaped DOPE molecules to cylindrical DOPC molecules promotes vesicle fusion and bilayer formation on smaller diameter nanowires. Our experiments demonstrate that nanowire-supported bilayers are mobile, exhibit fast recovery after photobleaching, and have low concentration of defects. Lipid diffusion coefficients in these high-curvature tubular membranes are comparable to the values reported for flat supported bilayers and increase with decreasing nanowire diameter.
Endovenous Thermal Ablation of Superficial Venous Insufficiency of the Lower Extremity:<b>Single-Center Experience With 3000 Limbs Treated in a 7-Year Period</b> (2009)

Endovenous ablation of saphenous vein has proven to be an effective, safe, and very durable procedure.