gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Mechanical Properties of Self Setting Calcium Phosphate Bone Cements Mixed With Different Metal Oxides (2003)

Abstract Calcium phosphate cements (CPC), based on multicomponent powder mixtures of calcium orthophosphates with medium particle sizes in the region of 1 ‐ 20 μm, set isothermally in an aqueous environment to form hydroxyapatite (HA). HA cement reactants include tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), dicalcium phosphate anhydrate (DCPA), dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), monocalcium phosphate (MCPA) or octacalcium phosphate (OCP). The aim of this study was to improve the mechanical performance of TTCP / DCPA cement by adding several metal oxides to tetracalcium phosphate during the fabrication process. Cements based on tetracalcium phosphate mixed with silica or titanium oxide showed significant increases in compressive strength, approximately 80 ‐ 100 MPa, whilst no change in the mechanical behavior of CPC was observed if zirconia was added. X‐ray diffraction measurement confirmed the setting reaction of doped cements was similar to that of pure CPC. Low crystalline HA was found to be the main constituant of set cement; additional phases, such as calcium titanate or calcium zirconate, were not involved in the reaction. A mechanical reinforcement effect was thought to result from changes in the thermodynamic or kinetic solubilities of doped tetracalcium phosphates, this would lead to slower HA crystal formation and a more cross‐linked cement structure.
Catalytic multi-stage liquefaction of coal. Third quarterly report, 1 April 1993--31 June 1993 (1993)

This quarterly report covers the activities of Catalytic Multi-Stage Liquefaction of Coal during the Period April 1 -- June 30, 1993, at Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. in Lawrenceville and Princeton, New Jersey. This DOE Contract Period is from December 8, 1992 to December 7, 1994. The overall objective of this program is to produce liquid fuels from coal by direct liquefaction at a cost that is competitive with conventional fuels. Specifically, this continuous bench-scale program contains provisions to examine new ideas in areas such as: Low temperature pretreatments, more effective catalysts, on-line hydrotreating, new coal feedstocks, other hydrogen sources, more concentrated coal feeds and other highly responsive process improvements while assessing the design and economics of the bench-scale results. This quarterly report covers work on Laboratory Scale Studies, Continuous Bench-Scale Operations, Technical Assessment and Project Management.
A Coarse-Grain Phased Logic CPU (2005)

This paper describes an asynchronous design tool flow known as phased logic that converts a clocked design into an asynchronous design implemented as a micropipeline using two-phase control and bundled data signaling. Example designs include variations of a double-precision floating-point clipping operation mapped to two commercial standard cell libraries (0.18/spl mu/ and 0.13/spl mu/) and a five-stage pipelined MIPs-compatible integer unit mapped to the 0.13/spl mu/ library. The design style includes a feature known as early evaluation, which is a generalized form of bypass that allows the self-timed design to recover some of the inherent latch delay penalty in micropipelines.
Localized in vivo isotropic‐anisotropic correlation <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectroscopy using ultraslow magic angle spinning (2005)

In a previous work (1), the susceptibility broadening in the (1)H NMR metabolite spectrum obtained in a live mouse was separated from the isotropic information, which significantly increased the spectral resolution. This was achieved using ultraslow magic angle spinning (MAS) of the animal combined with a modified phase-corrected magic angle turning (PHORMAT) pulse sequence. However, PHORMAT cannot be used for spatially selective spectroscopy. This article introduces a modified sequence called localized magic angle turning (LOCMAT) that makes this possible. Proton LOCMAT spectra were obtained from the liver and heart of a live mouse while the animal was spun at a speed of 4 Hz in a 2 Tesla field. It was found that even in this relatively low field, LOCMAT provided isotropic line widths that were a factor of 4-10 times smaller than those obtained in a stationary animal. Furthermore, the susceptibility broadening of the heart metabolites showed unusual features that are not observed in dead animals. The limitations of LOCMAT and possible ways to improve the technique are discussed. It is concluded that in vivo LOCMAT can significantly enhance the utility of NMR spectroscopy for biomedical research.
Antagonistic action on NMDA/GluN2B mediated currents of two peptides that were conantokin-G structure-based designed (2017)

The newly designed EAR16 and EAR18 peptides were shown to block in reversible manner NMDA-evoked currents, and EAR16 showed a stronger selectivity for GluN2B than for GluN2A.
Planning motions with intentions (1994)

We apply manipulation planning to computer animation. A new path planner is presented that automatically computes the collision-free trajectories for several cooperating arms to manipulate a movable object between two configurations. This implemented planner is capable of dealing with complicated tasks where regrasping is involved. In addition, we present a new inverse kinematics algorithm for the human arms. This algorithm is utilized by the planner for the generation of realistic human arm motions as they manipulate objects. We view our system as a tool for facilitating the production of animation.
Protection of immunocompromised mice against lethal infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa by active or passive immunization with recombinant P. aeruginosa outer membrane protein F and outer membrane protein I fusion proteins (1995)

Recombinant outer membrane proteins (Oprs) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were expressed in Escherichia coli as glutathione S-transferase (GST)-linked fusion proteins. GST-linked Oprs F and I (GST-OprF190-350 [GST linked to OprF spanning amino acids 190 to 350] and GST-OprI21-83, respectively) and recombinant hybrid Oprs (GST-OprF190-342-OprI21-83 and GST-OprI21-83-OprF190-350) were isolated and tested for their efficacy as vaccines in immunodeficient mice. GST-OprF-OprI protected the mice against a 975-fold 50% lethal dose of P. aeruginosa. Expression of GST-unfused OprF-OprI failed in E. coli, although this hybrid protein has been expressed without a fusion part in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and used for immunizing rabbits. The immune rabbit sera protected severe combined deficient (SCID) mice against a 1,000-fold 50% lethal dose of P. aeruginosa. Evidence is provided to show that the most C-terminal part of OprF (i.e., amino acids 332 to 350) carries an important protective epitope. Opr-based hybrid proteins may have implications for a clinical vaccine against P. aeruginosa.
Immunoanatomic dissection of the human urinary tract by monoclonal antibodies. (1984)

The immunoanatomy of the human kidney and urinary tract has been analyzed by a panel of mouse anti-human monoclonal antibodies that define specific domains and structures. The differentiation antigens detected by these monoclonal antibodies represent a series of glycoproteins characteristic of different cell types. They differ from the blood group antigens and appear to be distinct from other antigens previously described within the kidney or urinary tract. The antigens recognized by these monoclonal antibodies represent an immunohistologic dissection of the human nephron. These antibodies have a broad range of potential applications in studying embryogenesis and pathogenesis of nonneoplastic and neoplastic diseases of the human kidney and urothelium.
Illustrations of Efficient Solar Driven Organic Reactions (2015)

The article covers some of the important prior art on solar-mediated organic transformations. It additionally highlights recent initiatives from our laboratory toward use of concentrated solar radiation to drive thermochemical and photo-thermochemical organic reactions. Solar radiation (800-1000 W m-2) comprises a continuum of photons of various wavelengths – from ultraviolet (uv) to visible (vis) to infrared (IR) – covering a part of the electromagnetic spectrum. In the context of organic synthesis, uv-vis radiation helps drive reactions via the excited state of substrate or reagent while IR radiation can provide thermal energy. Single sun exposure limits the photon flux and maximum attainable temperature. On the other hand, concentrated radiation provides higher photon flux and also helps generate higher temperatures. This assists in speeding up reactions and/or conducting reactions at larger scale. A laboratory scale solar photo-thermochemical reactor in V-trough configuration was developed that generated reaction temperatures up to 80 °C besides providing ca. two fold higher photon flux. It was used successfully to conduct a variety of photo-thermochemical bromination reactions in efficient manner. Benzylic bromination of p-methylstyrene-based inter-polymer film was also carried out successfully. Tandem reactions were also developed for the synthesis of more complex molecules such as oxazole derivatives from simple building blocks. The reactions presumably occurred via intermediate formation of halo derivatives. Radiation from parabolic dish concentrators provide still higher levels of concentration of solar radiation. These were used to drive useful thermochemical processes such as the energetically uphill conversion of dicyclopentadiene to cyclopentadiene (Cp) and further downstream processes such as Diels-Alder synthesis of a norbonadiene derivative from Cp. A continuous process of production of β-bromostyrene from cinnamic acid was also explored using radiation from a parabolic trough. Concentrated radiation was additionally employed for distillation of a variety of organic solvents. Keywords: Solar driven synthesis, bromo derivatives, oxazole derivatives, -bromostyrene derivatives, solar energy storage, continuous process.
Interactive region-based linear 3D face models (2011)

Linear models, particularly those based on principal component analysis (PCA), have been used successfully on a broad range of human face-related applications. Although PCA models achieve high compression, they have not been widely used for animation in a production environment because their bases lack a semantic interpretation. Their parameters are not an intuitive set for animators to work with. In this paper we present a linear face modelling approach that generalises to unseen data better than the traditional holistic approach while also allowing click-and-drag interaction for animation. Our model is composed of a collection of PCA sub-models that are independently trained but share boundaries. Boundary consistency and user-given constraints are enforced in a soft least mean squares sense to give flexibility to the model while maintaining coherence. Our results show that the region-based model generalises better than its holistic counterpart when describing previously unseen motion capture data from multiple subjects. The decomposition of the face into several regions, which we determine automatically from training data, gives the user localised manipulation control. This feature allows to use the model for face posing and animation in an intuitive style.
Laboratory Testing of Self-Healing Polymer Modified Asphalt Mixtures Containing Recycled Asphalt Materials (RAP/RAS) (2019)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of an innovative light-induced self-healing polymers in enhancing the durability of asphalt mixtures and improving its self-healing properties. Mixtures were prepared using two different binders, with and without recycled materials, and self-healing polymer. Results showed that the addition of recycled asphalt material to mixtures prepared with an unmodified binder negatively affected the healing recovery at room temperature. Furthermore, Self-healing properties of the mixtures were improved by increasing the healing temperature. The addition of 5% self-healing polymer to the control mixture, followed by UV light exposure resulted in an increase in self-healing properties of the mixtures prepared with PG 67-22 binder. Semi-Circular Bending (SCB) test results showed that the incorporation of self-healing polymer and 48 h of UV light exposure improved the cracking resistance. Loaded-Wheel Test (LWT) results showed that the self-healing polymer caused an increase in the rut depth of the samples prepared with an unmodified binder. However, the final rut depth was less than the acceptable rutting performance. Thermal-Stress Restrained Specimen Test (TSRST) test results showed that self-healing polymer improved the low temperature cracking performance of the mixtures.
Mucoid<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>and cystic fibrosis: The role of mutations in<i>muc</i>loci (1992)

Mucoid alginate-producing mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are major pathogens in debilitating chronic pulmonary infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. The mucoid phenotype results from alginate biosynthesis whose genes are arranged in at least three chromosomal loci. Structural genes are located at the 34-min region and regulatory genes at 9 min. A third cluster at the 70 min region contains muc mutations which affect transcription of a key structural gene, algD, in response to environmental stimuli. Control of mucoidy includes bacterial signal transduction systems, histone-like elements controlling nucleoid structure and, possibly, factors affecting superhelicity. Thus, the control of mucoidy in P. aeruginosa has become one of the focal systems for analysis of how bacterial pathogens adapt to the host environment.
Potent and Selective Modulation of the RhlR Quorum Sensing Receptor by Using Non‐native Ligands: An Emerging Target for Virulence Control in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (2015)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa uses N-acylated L-homoserine lactone signals and a triumvirate of LuxR-type receptor proteins--LasR, RhlR, and QscR--for quorum sensing (QS). Each of these receptors can contribute to QS activation or repression and, thereby, the control of myriad virulence phenotypes in this pathogen. LasR has traditionally been considered to be at the top of the QS receptor hierarchy in P. aeruginosa; however, recent reports suggest that RhlR plays a more prominent role in infection than originally predicted, in some circumstances superseding that of LasR. Herein, we report the characterization of a set of synthetic, small-molecule agonists and antagonists of RhlR. Using E. coli reporter strains, we demonstrated that many of these compounds can selectively activate or inhibit RhlR instead of LasR and QscR. Moreover, several molecules maintain their activities in P. aeruginosa at concentrations analogous to native RhlR signal levels. These compounds represent useful chemical probes to study the role of RhlR in the complex QS circuitry of P. aeruginosa, its direct (and indirect) effects on virulence, and its overall merit as a target for anti-infective therapy.
Further Discuss the Roles of Soaking Time and Pressure Depletion Rate in Gas Huff-n-Puff Process in Fractured Liquid-Rich Shale Reservoirs (2016)

Abstract Cyclic gas injection (CGI), also known as huff-n-puff process, has been demonstrated as the most effective and promising IOR solution in shale reservoirs. Such process involves many operating parameters that can affect the recovery performance in different degrees. As soaking time and pressure depletion rate (PDR) are the two crucial factors, this study aims to further investigate their roles in the oil recovery process of CGI experimentally and numerically. A total of ten series of the N2 huff-n-puff tests were performed on oil-saturated Eagle Ford shale plugs in a matrix-fracture system. With the injection pressure (Pin) of 1,000 psi, two groups of tests were conducted: 1) under a constant PDR in blowout and five soaking times changed from 0.25-hr to 48-hr; 2) under a constant soaking time of 12-hr and four pressure depletion times changed from 0.05-hr to 48-hr. With the Pin of 5,000 psi, the CGI tests were performed under 12-hr soaking time and blowout pressure depletion to study the effect of Pin on recovery efficiency. Lab-scale simulation models were built and tuned to history match the experimental data. The experimental results show that recovery factor (RF) from a single cycle increases with soaking time within a certain range, and a longer time has no effect on improving oil recovery. For 1,000 psi Pin, during the soaking phase, the system pressure declined rapidly at the first 3 hr and then became stabilized. The pressure drop was relatively low (10 psi) in the first cycle compared with the following cycles. It tended to increase with the number of cycles performed, which was caused by the decrease of oil saturation thus more gas can be injected into the core sample. It reveals that a soaking period is necessary to the oil recovery process. On the other hand, increasing the pressure depletion rate can raise the incremental RF from each cycle. The blowout condition showed the highest cumulative RF. The performance of N2 huff-n-puff with 5,000 psi Pin outperforms the case of 1,000 psi, which can increase the ultimate RF with less cycles. The well-tuned simulation models were used to analyze and optimize the CGI recovery process.
Secure and scalable inter-domain group key management for N-to-N multicast (2002)

The paper contributes a new architecture for secure and scalable inter-domain group key management for N-to-N (conference) IP multicast. The architecture views the multicast routing infrastructure from the key management plane, and logically divides it into two general types of regions for key management to achieve scalability. The work extends the centralized solution of (Wong et al., 1998) into a distributed key management scheme suitable for inter-domain multicast group key management. Methods for initiating new multicast groups, as well as for members joining and leaving, are presented. The paper also considers two general types of IP-multicast that need to be made secure if multicast is to be one of the vehicles for future wide-scale delivery of voice, video and text over the Internet.
Low-complexity frame-level joint source-channel distortion optimal, adaptive intra refresh (2008)

Error resilient, low latency video coding for interactive video applications requires progressive intra coding of macroblocks (MBs) to contain the error propagation. Both refresh MB selection (RMS) and refresh rate selection (RRS) impact the subjective video quality in the presence of packet losses. Joint source-channel rate distortion optimization methods attempt to find the best trade-off between compression efficiency and end-to-end distortion at an MB-level and are typically computationally expensive in addition to not being optimal at a picture level. While probabilistic error propagation tracking is used for refresh MB selection in previous work, these picture-level optimal RRS methods model source-channel distortion by mimicking the effect of periodic intra frame coding which does not match well with content adaptive refresh MB selection. In this paper, we propose a frame-level approach to RRS that aligns the joint source-channel rate-distortion trade-off modeling with an enhanced RMS process to achieve an optimal end-to-end distortion that is content, bit-rate and channel adaptive. For typical videoconferencing content, the proposed approach is quite low in complexity, works on par with off-line multi-pass identification of the optimal fixed refresh rate and is quite competitive when compared to the H.264 joint modelpsilas lossy rate-distortion optimization technique.
Fingerprinting and forensic analysis of multimedia (2004)

One of the prime reasons movie and music studios have ignored the Internet for open-networked multimedia content delivery, has been the lack of a technology that can support a secure digital rights management (DRM) system on a general purpose computer. The difficulty of building an effective multimedia DRM stems from the fact that traditional cryptograic primitives such as encryption or scrambling do not protect audio or video signals once they are played in plain-text. This fact, commonly referred to as "the analog hole," has been responsible for the popularity of multimedia file sharing which cannot be controlled, at least technically, by content's copyright owners.
Abstract W MP20: PerfAngio: A Software Solution for Quantitative Perfusion Angiography (2014)

Background: Visualization and quantification of blood flow are essential for the diagnosis and treatment evaluation of cerebrovascular diseases. For rapid imaging of the cerebrovasculature, digital subtraction angiography (DSA) remains the gold standard as it offers high spatial resolution. The video densitometric theory has established in the early 1980’s the relationship between the intensity of DSA images and blood flow. This theoretical foundation enables the computation of parametric maps summarizing blood volume, flow, and delay by tracking the injected contrast agent across the vasculature. Although perfusion imaging is widely used with MR and CT, it has yet to be translated into accessible software for DSA. Methods: We introduce Perfusion Angiography (PerfAngio) software to calculate multi-parametric perfusion maps, including: CBV, CBF, MTT, TTP, and Tmax. These are produced by deconvolution of the time-density curve with the arterial input function and displayed as high-definition color-coded images; an innovative way to visualize perfusion. The application, PerfAngio, will be freely available for the iPad tablet. A user-friendly web interface (http://www.perfangio.com) will allow clinicians to upload their own datasets and visualize/download the quantitative results. Results: In addition to providing visualization of unique features, never seen before on DSA, PerfAngio has been successfully used to retrospectively analyze multi-center datasets. The software demonstrated feasibility and performance to evaluate angiographic outcome in TREVO2. It was also a useful tool to compare the hemodynamic impact of devices during thrombectomy in TREVO2 and stenting in SAMMPRIS. Yet, numerous questions remain to be studied with PerfAngio, including identification of futile recanalizaton, hemorrhagic transformation, correlation with MRI and CT and automatic quantification of collateral flow. Conclusions: This revolutionary imaging software can provide insights into Stroke from standard DSA. It is particularly promising for retrospective studies and during clot-retrieval interventions as it offers an objective, continuous measure to characterize angiographic observations.
Design and Analysis of Parallel Beam Vibrating Gyroscope (2000)

Parallel beam structure has many significant features, as follows. (i) The tip moves in parallel at the end. (ii)This structure converts the small displacement into the large strain. (iii) Each unit doesn't interfere to the other units by piling up this structures. We used this structure for piezoelectric vibrating gyroscope (angular rate sensor). In this paper, we analyzed features of the parallel beam structure by Finite Element Method, and showed that the resonance frequency of the drive unit and the sensor unit can be easily adjusted by changing the mass at the tip. From this result, this structure suits for the gyroscope. Experimental results are shown.