gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exploring Merchant Adoption of Mobile Payment Systems: An Empirical Study (2008)

The growth of mobile commerce depends on widely accepted mobile payment systems. Although new mobile payment systems have been increasingly introduced in Asia, Europe and the United States, their adoption has remained modest. Little research has been conducted to examine and explain adopters' views on the new payment technology. In this article, we explore merchant adoption of mobile payment systems empirically and discuss factors that drive and inhibit their adoption. Our results suggest that the main adoption drivers are related to the means of increasing sales or reducing the costs of payment processing, whereas the barriers to adoption include complexity of the systems, unfavorable revenue sharing models, lack of critical mass, and lack of standardization. Based on our findings, we propose a conceptual framework of adoption enablers, drivers and barriers with propositions to guide future research in this emerging area. Implications for practice and means to overcome the barriers are suggested.
Intracavity suction and drainage in the treatment of emphysematous bullae. (1977)

Patients with large intrapulmonary emphysematous bullae present a considerable therapeutic problem, particularly if their respiratory reserve is low, because of the risks of open operation. The method of draining intrapulmonary cavities, pioneered by Monaldi for the treatment of tuberculosis, is here described as applied to emphysematous bullae. Thirty-one patients were treated by intracavity suction and drainage. There were two operative deaths (6.5%). Apart from infection, no other significant postoperative complications ensued. Radiographic improvement occurred in all patients but one (96.7%). Where forced expiratory volume in one second and vital capacity were measured improvement was obtained in five out of six patients. Symptomatic improvement, which generally corresponded well to improvement in respiratory function tests, occurred in 28 patients (90.3%), all but one of whom survived.
Soft shadow volumes for ray tracing (2005)

We present a new, fast algorithm for rendering physically-based soft shadows in ray tracing-based renderers. Our method replaces the hundreds of shadow rays commonly used in stochastic ray tracers with a single shadow ray and a local reconstruction of the visibility function. Compared to tracing the shadow rays. our algorithm produces exactly the same image while executing one to two orders of magnitude faster in the test scenes used. Our first contribution is a two-stage method for quickly determining the silhouette edges that overlap an area light source, as seen from the point to be shaded. Secondly, we show that these partial silhouettes of occluders, along with a single shadow ray, are sufficient for reconstructing the visibility function between the point and the light source.
Optical properties (bidirectional reflectance distribution function) of shot fabric (2000)

To study the optical properties of materials, one needs a complete set of the angular distribution functions of surface scattering from the materials. Here we present a convenient method for collecting a large set of bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) samples in the hemispherical scattering space. Material samples are wrapped around a right-circular cylinder and irradiated by a parallel light source, and the scattered radiance is collected by a digital camera. We tilted the cylinder around its center to collect the BRDF samples outside the plane of incidence. This method can be used with materials that have isotropic and anisotropic scattering properties. We demonstrate this method in a detailed investigation of shot fabrics. The warps and the fillings of shot fabrics are dyed different colors so that the fabric appears to change color at different viewing angles. These color-changing characteristics are found to be related to the physical and geometrical structure of shot fabric. Our study reveals that the color-changing property of shot fabrics is due mainly to an occlusion effect.
Analysis of eicosanoids and related lipid mediators using mass spectrometry (2008)

Eicosanoids are oxidized arachidonate-derived lipids products generated by lipoxygenase, cyclo-oxygenase and cytochrome P450. Their bioactivity is mediated via receptor-dependent mechanisms and they are involved in a diverse array of processes in both health and disease. For many years, GC-MS was the method of choice for eicosanoid analysis, but, more recently, the availability of high-sensitivity electrospray LC (liquid chromatography)-MS/MS (tandem MS) has provided a new approach for quantification, while minimizing sample preparation. The present review summarizes the various methods available for routine quantification of eicosanoids, focusing ultimately on their analysis using a hybrid Q-Trap mass spectrometer.
Electromagnetic design aspects of packages for monolithic microwave integrated circuit-based arrays with integrated antenna elements (1995)

Reliable and cost-effective packaging of monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs) is an important aspect of the design of phased array systems. At millimeter wavelengths, where small dimensions make machining and assembly a complex matter, the interconnections between the modules housing the MMIC components and the antenna elements are a source of unreliability as well as a potential problem in terms of electromagnetic losses. One solution involves the integration of antenna elements onto the MMIC chips. The paper addresses the issues involved in packaging and housing MMIC chips with integrated antenna elements and presents some insights into the electromagnetic design of such packages.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Detecting misinformation in online social networks using cognitive psychology (2014)

Abstract The paper explores the use of concepts in cognitive psychology to evaluate the spread of misinformation, disinformation and propaganda in online social networks. Analysing online social networks to identify metrics to infer cues of deception will enable us to measure diffusion of misinformation. The cognitive process involved in the decision to spread information involves answering four main questions viz consistency of message, coherency of message, credibility of source and general acceptability of message . We have used the cues of deception to analyse these questions to obtain solutions for preventing the spread of misinformation. We have proposed an algorithm to effectively detect deliberate spread of false information which would enable users to make informed decisions while spreading information in social networks. The computationally efficient algorithm uses the collaborative filtering property of social networks to measure the credibility of sources of information as well as quality of news items. The validation of the proposed methodology has been done on the online social network `Twitter’.
In-body backscatter communication and localization (2018)

Backscatter requires zero transmission power, making it a compelling technology for in-body communication and localization. It can significantly reduce the battery requirements (and hence the size) of micro-implants and smart capsules, and enable them to be located on-the-move inside the body. The problem however is that the electrical properties of human tissues are very different from air and vacuum. This creates new challenges for both communication and localization. For example, signals no longer travel along straight lines, which destroys the geometric principles underlying many localization algorithms. Furthermore, the human skin backscatters the signal creating strong interference to the weak in-body backscatter transmission. These challenges make deep-tissue backscatter intrinsically different from backscatter in air or vacuum. This paper introduces ReMix, a new backscatter design that is particularly customized for deep tissue devices. It overcomes interference from the body surface, and localizes the in-body backscatter devices even though the signal travels along crooked paths. We have implemented our design and evaluated it in animal tissues and human phantoms. Our results demonstrate that ReMix delivers efficient communication at an average SNR of 15.2 dB at 1 MHz bandwidth, and has an average localization accuracy of 1.4cm in animal tissues.
Interpretation of the modality of touch on an artificial arm covered with an EIT-based sensitive skin (2012)

During social interaction humans extract important information from tactile stimuli that can improve their understanding of the interaction. The development of a similar capability in a robot will contribute to the future success of intuitive human–robot interaction. This paper presents a thin, flexible and stretchable artificial skin for robotics based on the principle of electrical impedance tomography. This skin, which can be used to extract information such as location, duration and intensity of touch, was used to cover the forearm and upper arm of a full-size mannequin. A classifier based on the ‘LogitBoost’ algorithm was used to classify the modality of eight different types of touch applied by humans to the mannequin arm. Experiments showed that the modality of touch was correctly classified in approximately 71% of the trials. This was shown to be comparable to the accuracy of humans when identifying touch. The classification accuracies obtained represent significant improvements over previous classification algorithms applied to artificial sensitive skins. It is shown that features based on touch duration and intensity are sufficient to provide a good classification of touch modality. Gender and cultural background were examined and found to have no statistically significant effect on the classification results.
OpenTissue - An Open Source Toolkit for Physics-Based Animation (2005)

OpenTissue is a multidisciplinary, open source programming toolkit for physics-based simulation, collision detection, scientific visualization, and medical imaging. The toolkit was initiated in 2001, is driven by academia, and is used by several universities. It implements several cutting edge simulators using cutting edge programming techniques. OpenTissue is available under Windows and Linux, and it implements almost all algorithms presented in the accompanying book, Erleben et al. Physics-Based Animation, Charles River Media, 2005. This presentation will give an overview of OpenTissue: what it can do, how it is done, and where the toolkit is going
First Report of Organophosphate-resistant <I>Boophilus microplus</I> (Acari: Ixodidae) within the United States (2005)

Boophilus microplus (Canestrini), collected from Starr County, Texas, were determined to be resistant to the organophosphorus acaricides coumaphos and diazinon. Initial bioassay results from wild-collected ticks produced a probit regression slope (SE) of 3.96 (0.22), which was different from that obtained from a susceptible reference population 6.97 (0.38). Resistance ratios (RRs) (95% CI) indicated that the population was resistant to coumaphos 3.6 (3.4-3.8), 5.0 (4.5-5.5), and 6.5 (5.4-7.7) at the LC50,90,99, respectively. A second collection of wild ticks made 12 d after all cattle in the infested pasture were treated with coumaphos produced a slope (SE) that was not significantly different from a susceptible laboratory reference population. A second bioassay found these ticks to be resistant to diazinon,RR (95%CI) = 7.1 (6.5-7.7),11.7 (10.3-13.3),17.7 (14.5-21.5) at the LC50,90,99, respectively. The slope (SE) generated from the diazinon bioassay with the resistant ticks was different than that of a reference strain, 2.98 (0.12) and 6.09 (0.35), respectively. The high-dose strategy used by the Cattle Fever Tick Eradication Program was able to eradicate coumpahos-resistant B. microplus after just two treatments of coumaphos, 12 d apart.
Inheritance and RAPD Marker Selection Linked to Resistance Trait of Alternaria Blotch (A. mali) in Apples (2004)

To clarify inheritance mode and to develop molecular markers linked to the resistance trait of Alternaria blotch (A. mali) in apple, the 100 seedlings were evaluated and genetically analyzed from the F_1 progeny population between resistant ‘Tsugaru’ and susceptible ‘Gamhong’. The results of the field evaluation showed 1:1 segregation between resistant and susceptible seedlings confirming that the resistance of Alternaria blotch is controlled by single recessive gene. Inoculation using 4× diluted culture filtrate was useful for screening of resistance because the 4× dilution only fitted an expecting 1:1 segregation ratio among four different dilution ratios of culture filtrate. More seedlings of resistance were segregated by culture filtrate inoculation originated with two kinds of A. mali than those by field evaluation which result proposed the influence of major gene(s) to the Alternaria blotch resistance in apples. As a result of bulked segregant analysis (BSA) using 567 random primers, 27 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were preliminarily selected using two parents and two DNA bulks and three RAPD markers linked to the Alternaria blotch resistance trait, OPV03-1390, OPU06-1270, and WK07-1580, were finally selected. The results suggest that the selected markers could be used for the resistant apple breeding to increase selection efficiency.
P3‐312: Therapeutic system for Alzheimer's disease by blood purification with extra‐corporeal Aβ removal system (EARS): Reduction of plasma Aβ by hemodialysis (2010)

Rapid removal of Aβ from the blood by extra-corporeal system (EARS) may act as a peripheral sink from the brain. We have reported that several medical materials are able to adsorb Aβ effectively (ICAD2009 and J Artificial Organ, 2010). In this study, we investigated hemodialysis patients as one of the blood purification therapies. 21 patients (69.4+/-4.7 y.o.) who received hemodialysis (Group-A) and 14 patients of chronic renal failure without hemodialysis (61.1+/-17.5 y.o.) (Group-B) were enrolled to this study. Group-A patients were treated with dialyzers three times per week, for 4 hours per session. The materials of hollow fibers were polysulfone, cellulose triacetate, PMMA and PEPA. The concentrations of Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 were measured by using a sandwich ELISA. The dialyzers removed Aβ from the blood effectively. The Aβ1-40 removal rate (63.7+/-10.9 %) of pre/post of the dialyzers at one hour point in Group-A was higher than that of Aβ1-42 (48.2+/-11.6 %, p = 0.00005). As a result, the plasma Aβ in the whole body circulation reduced after 4 hr dialysis by 54.9+/-9.3 % for Aβ1-40, and 29.4+/-11.9 % for Aβ1-42 . The plasma Aβ concentrations in Group-B significantly correlated with serum creatinine, a marker of renal dysfunction (p = 0.0089 for Aβ1-40, p = 0.005 for Aβ1-42). Group-A patients showed considerably higher plasma Aβ concentrations, 804.4+/-164.9 pg/ml of Aβ1-40, and 62.6+/-11.1 pg/ml of Aβ1-42, than those of AD patients. However, the plasma Aβ concentrations in Group-A showed no apparent correlation with MMSE (27.4+/-2.8) nor the duration of hemodialysis. The dialyzers removed Aβ from the blood effectively as well as the medical adsorbents, resulting in around 30-50 % reduction of plasma Aβ during one hemodialysis session. The plasma Aβ without dialysis strongly correlated with renal dysfunction. However, after chronic hemodialysis begun, rapid Aβ removal by dialyzers thrice a week prevented the increase of plasma Aβ concentrations and might keep MMSE scores despite high Aβ concentrations.
On Symmetric and Asymmetric LSHs for Inner Product Search (2014)

We consider the problem of designing locality sensitive hashes (LSH) for inner product similarity, and of the power of asymmetric hashes in this context. Shrivastava and Li argue that there is no symmetric LSH for the problem and propose an asymmetric LSH based on different mappings for query and database points. However, we show there does exist a simple symmetric LSH that enjoys stronger guarantees and better empirical performance than the asymmetric LSH they suggest. We also show a variant of the settings where asymmetry is in-fact needed, but there a different asymmetric LSH is required.
Deciphering the Epigenetic Code of Cardiac Myocyte Transcription (2015)

This study establishes cardiac myocyte-specific sorting of nuclei as a universal method to investigate epigenetic and transcriptional processes in cardiac myocytes of different origins. These data sets provide novel insight into cardiac myocyte transcription.
Serum DNase I activity in systemic lupus erythematosus: correlation with immunoserological markers, the disease activity and organ involvement (2012)

Monitoring of DNase I activity simultaneously with SLEDAI-2K might be a useful tool in the follow-up of SLE. An increase of DNase I activity characterized relapse in most SLE patients, although it did not reach the levels of healthy individuals. A decrease of DNase I activity in SLE flare-ups might be a functional biomarker of a subset of patients with specific dysfunction of apoptotic chromatin degradation.
Generation Ramping Valuation in Day-Ahead Electricity Markets (2016)

In this paper, we first introduce a variational formulation of the Unit Commitment (UC) problem, in which generation and ramping trajectories of the generating units are continuous time signals and the generating units cost depends on the three signals: the binary commitment status of the units as well as their continuous-time generation and ramping trajectories. We assume such bids are piecewise strictly convex time-varying linear functions of these three variables. Based on this problem derive a tractable approximation by constraining the commitment trajectories to switch in a discrete and finite set of points and representing the trajectories in the function space of piece-wise polynomial functions within the intervals, whose discrete coefficients are then the UC problem decision variables. Our judicious choice of the signal space allows us to represent cost and constraints as linear functions of such coefficients, thus, our UC models preserves the MILP formulation of the UC problem. Numerical simulation over real load data from the California ISO demonstrate that the proposed UC model reduces the total dayahead and real-time operation cost, and the number of ramping scarcity events in the real-time operations.
Automatic guideline generation for parking assistance system based on on-screen display (2009)

The rear-view camera at the vehicle's backside is equipped for parking supports display system. It requires a wide-angle lens for obtaining a broad landscape. Throughout the wide-angel lens, an input picture is converted the Barrel distortion. Therefore, a driver cannot make out the distorted input picture in order to overlay the track directly. In this paper, we propose the generation automatic guideline based on on-screen display (OSD) that has new distortion using the intelligent neural networks. The neural network is to harmonize the distorted input picture with the generated guideline which is composed of the parameter of the car-width, the extension line, the expectation track, the camera position, the steering angle, the characteristic of lens, and so on. Experimental results show that the proposed method supports the driver for being able to read out the distorted input picture and the generated guideline.
A Unified, Reconfigurable Architecture for Montgomery Multiplication in Finite Fields GF(p) and GF(2^n) (2007)

This paper proposes a unified and reconfigurable Montgomery multiplier architecture which can operate in both primary GF(p) and binary extension fields GF(2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> ). The multiplier provides efficient execution of Montgomery multiplication in either field for different operand lengths. It supports any operand length 'n', 1 < n les N where the upper value of N is application dependent. The final result is obtained in 'n+2' clock cycles for either field. Propagation delay of the design is investigated and found to be comparable with the existing unified multiplier architectures while providing reconfigurability at the same time. The proposed architecture has high order of flexibility and low hardware complexity with critical path delay independent of operand length. The multiplier can find application in, for example, elliptic curve cryptographic (ECC) processors
Islet cell transplantation tolerance. (2001)

Curative islet transplantation for type 1 diabetes currently requires lifelong systemic immunosuppression. Induction of islet transplantation tolerance would be far preferable. We have previously demonstrated that blockade of costimulation by the administration of a donor-specific transfusion in combination with anti-CD154 monoclonal antibody leads to permanent islet and prolonged skin allograft survival in mice. The protocol requires the presence of CD4+ T cells, interferon-gamma, and CTLA4, and involves the deletion of CD8+ alloreactive T cells. Translation of this strategy into clinical practice will, however, require attention to at least two issues. First, we have observed that the presence of viral infection during tolerance interferes with tolerance induction. Second, we have observed that our tolerance induction protocol is ineffective in autoimmune nonobese diabetic mice. We hypothesize that resistance to tolerance induction in nonobese diabetic mice is due to the presence of memory autoreactive cells. To overcome the deleterious effects of viral infection and of primed memory responses, it may be necessary to modify current tolerance induction strategies based on costimulatory blockade. These modifications may require patient isolation, the generation of hematopoietic chimerism, or treatments that target the specific T-cell populations, cytokines, and/or costimulatory factors responsible for resistance. Such modifications may make it possible to extend tolerance induction to the "real world" situation of individuals with type 1 diabetes who are likely to harbor both memory allo-and autoreactive immune cells.