gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Elements Within the  -Lactoglobulin Gene Inhibit Expression of Human Serum Albumin cDNA and Minigenes in Transfected Cells but Rescue Their Expression in the Mammary Gland of Transgenic Mice (1996)

Two new beta-lactoglobulin (BLG)/human serum albumin (HSA) hybrid gene vectors were constructed and tested for expression in COS-7 cells and in transgenic mice. The HSA sequences were inserted between the second and sixth BLG exons. Transient transfection experiments with these vectors as well as a series of additional vectors with either the BLG 5'- or 3'- intragenic sequences revealed that sequences within BLG exon 1/intron 1/exon 2 abrogated BLG- directed HSA expression in vitro, regardless of the presence of HSA introns or the origin of the 3' polyadenylation signal. In contrast, the same BLG expression cassette enabled the efficient expression of HSA cDNA or minigene in the mammary gland of transgenic mice with subsequent secretion of the corresponding protein into the milk of 56 and 82%, respectively of the mouse strains at levels up to 0.3 mg/ml. Previous attempts to express HSA cDNA inserted into exon 1 of the BLG gene had failed [Shani,M., Barash,I., Nathan,M., Ricca,G., Searfoss,G.H., Dekel,I., Faerman,A., Givol,D. and Hurwitz,D.R. (1992) Transgenic Res. 1, 195- 208]. The new BLG expression cassette conferred more stringent tissue specific expression than previously described BLG/HSA constructs [Barash,I, Faerman,A., Ratovitsky,T, Puzis,R., Nathan,M., Hurwitz,D.R. and Shani, M. (1994) Transgenic Res. 3, 141-151]. However, it was not able to insulate the transgenes from the surrounding host DNA sequences and did not result in copy number dependent expression in transgenics. Together, the in vitro and in vivo results suggest both positive and negative regulatory elements within the BLG intragenic sequences evaluated. The new BLG construct represents an extremely valuable vector for the efficient expression of cDNAs in the mammary gland of transgenic animals.
Differential Targeting of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors by Novel αA-Conotoxins (1997)

We describe the isolation and characterization of two peptide toxins from Conus ermineus venom targeted to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). The peptide structures have been confirmed by mass spectrometry and chemical synthesis. In contrast to the 12-18 residue, 4 Cys-containing alpha-conotoxins, the new toxins have 30 residues and 6 Cys residues. The toxins, named alphaA-conotoxins EIVA and EIVB, block both Torpedo and mouse alpha1-containing muscle subtype nAChRs expressed in Xenopus oocytes at low nanomolar concentrations. In contrast to alpha-bungarotoxin, alphaA-EIVA is inactive at alpha7-containing nAChRs even at micromolar concentrations. In this regard, alphaA-EIVA is similar to the previously described alpha-conotoxins (e.g. alpha-MI and alpha-GI) which also selectively target alpha1- versus alpha7-containing nAChRs. However, alpha-MI and alpha-GI discriminate between the alpha/delta versus alpha/gamma subunit interfaces of the mouse muscle nAChR with 10,000-fold selectivity. In contrast, alphaA-conotoxin EIVA blocks both the alpha/gamma site and alpha/delta site with equally high affinity but with distinct kinetics. The alphaA-conotoxins thus represent novel probes for the alpha/gamma as well as the alpha/delta binding sites of the nAChR.
Decentralized Optimal Dispatch of Photovoltaic Inverters in Residential Distribution Systems (2014)

Decentralized methods for computing optimal real and reactive power setpoints for residential photovoltaic (PV) inverters are developed in this paper. It is known that conventional PV inverter controllers, which are designed to extract maximum power at unity power factor, cannot address secondary performance objectives such as voltage regulation and network loss minimization. Optimal power flow techniques can be utilized to select which inverters will provide ancillary services and to compute their optimal real and reactive power setpoints according to well-defined performance criteria and economic objectives. Leveraging advances in sparsity-promoting regularization techniques and semidefinite relaxation, this paper shows how such problems can be solved with reduced computational burden and optimality guarantees. To enable large-scale implementation, a novel algorithmic framework is introduced-based on the so-called alternating direction method of multipliers-by which optimal power flow-type problems in this setting can be systematically decomposed into subproblems that can be solved in a decentralized fashion by the utility and customer-owned PV systems with limited exchanges of information. Since the computational burden is shared among multiple devices and the requirement of all-to-all communication can be circumvented, the proposed optimization approach scales favorably to large distribution networks.
Greener Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobiological Effects of <i>Helba</i> Silver Nanoparticle-PMMA Nanocomposite (2019)

Nanocomposites are characterized as a multiphase material where one of the phases has a dimension in the nanoscale. There has been huge enthusiasm for the commercialization of nanocomposites for an assortment of uses including medicinal, electronic, and basic. The general motivation behind this study was on the development of silver nanoparticles, due to the present enthusiasm encompassing these metals due to their exceptional properties which are not quite the same as the relating bulk material. A novel, simple, cost-effective, nontoxic, and environmentally friendly technique was developed for synthesizing silver nanoparticle- (AgNP-) poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanocomposite using Trigonella foenum-graecum ( Helba ) aqueous extract. UV-visible spectroscopic analysis was carried out to assess the formulation of AgNPs. The particle size distribution of AgNPs was determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The average size of green AgNPs was about 83 nm. Images of spherical green nanoparticles were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The resultant green AgNPs were added slowly to polymer (PMMA) solution. The AgNPs encapsulated within the polymer chains were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Modification of thermal stabilities of AgNP/PMMA nanocomposites was confirmed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The green AgNP/PMMA nanocomposites showed improved thermal stabilities. The green AgNP/PMMA nanocomposite film proved antimicrobial in water microbiological testing. Thus, the key findings of the work include the use of a safe and simple nanocomposite, which had marked antibacterial activity and potential application in water filtration.
W-band MMIC direct detection receiver for passive imaging system (2002)

W-band MMIC (monolithic microwave integrated circuit) direct-detection receivers for passive millimeter-wave imaging applications have been demonstrated. These receivers were developed using InGaAs HEMT (high electron mobility transistor)-based W-based LNA (low-noise amplifier) and preamplified detector MMICs. The first receiver uses a 50-dB-gain, 6-dB-noise-figure amplifier and a Schottky-barrier-diode waveguide detector. The amplifier uses four W-band MMIC LNAs. The second receiver consists of two three-stage MMIC LNAs and an MMIC preamplified detector chip. Individual receivers were integrated with a millimeter-wave camera system. Field imaging acquisition runs were performed using the camera in stepping pushbroom image acquisition mode, and excellent results were obtained.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A New (k, n)-Threshold Secret Sharing Scheme and Its Extension. (2008)

Abstract. In Shamir’s (k, n)-threshold secret sharing scheme (threshold scheme), a heavy computational cost is required to make n shares and recover the secret. As a solution to this problem, several fast threshold schemes have been proposed. This paper proposes a new (k, n)threshold scheme. For the purpose to realize high performance, the proposed scheme uses just EXCLUSIVE-OR(XOR) operations to make shares and recover the secret. We prove that the proposed scheme is a perfect secret sharing scheme, every combination of k or more participants can recover the secret, but every group of less than k participants cannot obtain any information about the secret. Moreover, we show that the proposed scheme is an ideal secret sharing scheme similar to Shamir’s scheme, which is a perfect scheme such that every bit-size of shares equals that of the secret. We also evaluate the efficiency of the scheme, and show that our scheme realizes operations that are much faster than Shamir’s. Furthermore, from the aspect of both computational cost and storage usage, we also introduce how to extend the proposed scheme to a new (k, L, n)-threshold ramp scheme similar to the existing ramp scheme based on Shamir’s scheme. Key words: secret sharing scheme, threshold scheme, threshold ramp scheme, exclusive-or, entropy, random number, ideal secret sharing scheme 1
Protein Kinases in the Era of Precision Medicine (2015)

Abstract Precision medicine signals the beginning of an era in which each patient is a distinct individual from a diagnostic, treatment and health management perspective. In this article, we present a description of a methodology to develop a therapy, based on kinase inhibitors, and a strategy to retarget a therapy in rapid response to a patient's relapse. The idea is to translate the genomic data of an evolving cancer into a three‐dimensional structure to enable a better understanding of the mechanism of resistance, and to then control it with a specific and precise drug targeting therapy based on the SNP resistance mutation. In many cases, a combination of approved drug treatments can assist in controlling the disease. However, the clinical trials selection process is changing from randomised populations to selected populations so that genetic tests can more clearly define the presence of specific mutations in the relapsing patient. This knowledge of the subpopulation will also help identify new small molecules that target multiple kinases based on their specificity profiles. The tendency at present is to define an eligibility criteria based on the genetics of the patients. Key Concepts The crystallographic characterisation of kinase inhibitor complexes drove the approval of 27 drugs targeting kinome. Organising the kinase three‐dimensional (3D) structures in a uniquely aligned library has enabled us to predict the functionality, in a 3D space, of any variants that are found in a patient's genome. Accurate specificity profiles of approved kinase inhibitors inform a rational combination of inhibitors for a specific genetic subpopulation of patients. Kinase inhibitor therapy can be matched to critical mutations in the kinase 3D structure and a companion diagnostics approach can then be used in specific clinical trial to more accurately select patients. The targeting of both the kinase‐activating mutation and the drug‐resistant mutations can be optimised by the chemistry of the intermediate conformations of the DFG motif. The drug resistance requires frequent genetic monitoring utilising a liquid biopsy. Overcoming the drug resistance on the target is possible by combining approved drugs based on the enhanced knowledge of the highly accurate specificity profiles.
Bulk Metallic Glasses and Their Composites: A Brief History of Diverging Fields (2013)

Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) and their derivative metal matrix composites (BMGMCs) are emerging high-performance engineering materials that are on the precipice of widespread commercialization. This review article discusses the origin of these materials and how their applications and research focus have divided into two distinct fields, one primarily focused on the plastic-like processability of BMGs and the other on the enhanced fracture mechanics of BMGMCs. Although the materials are of similar composition and origin, it is argued that their implementation will be widely varying due to their different processing requirements and intended uses. BMGs will likely find use as plastic-replacement components in cosmetic applications (e.g., watches, cell phones, biomedical implants) while BMGMCs will be used in structural applications (e.g., golf clubs, hardware for defense, energy absorbing structures).
Method and apparatus for altering voice characteristics of synthesized speech (1993)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Keith A. Blanton, Ramon E. Helms; Method and apparatus for altering voice characteristics of synthesized speech. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 December 1993; 94 (6): 3538. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.407131 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Diagnostic of strongly scattering media with diffusely backscattered polarized light (1996)

That polarization effects in scattered light can yield useful information about biological material has been shown as early as 1976, when Bickel et al. announced a "new biophysical tool" [1]. Surprisingly, very few authors have used this new tool. Only a couple of studies exist that are concerned with polarization of forward scattered and transmitted light [2-3]. However, there are many biomedical applications where only backward scattered light is available for diagnostics, as, for example, in most endoscopic procedures. In this study we demonstrate that different particle size and concentrations lead to differences in the spatial pattern of backscattered light when viewed through a polarizer. These differences can be explained by Rayleigh and Mie theory, and can be used to characterize strongly scattering media like biomedical cell suspensions and tissues.
Imaging live cell membranes via surface plasmon-enhanced fluorescence and phase microscopy (2010)

This paper demonstrates the first combination for wide-field surface plasmon (SP) phase microscopy and SP-enhanced fluorescence microscopy to image living cells' contacts on the surface of a bio-substrate simultaneously. The phase microscopy with a phase-shift interferometry and common-path optical setup can provide high-sensitivity phase information in long-term stability. Simultaneously, the fluorescence microscopy with the enhancement of a local electromagnetic field can supply bright fluorescent images. The combined microscope imposes a high numerical aperture objective upon the excitation of surface plasmon through a silver film with a thickness of 30 nm. The developed SP microscope is successfully applied to the real-time bright observation of the transfected fluorescence of living cells localized near the cell membrane on the bio-substrate and the high-sensitivity phase image of the cell-substrate contacts at the same time.
A Prospective Evaluation of the Long-Term Outcome of Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Unclassified and Indeterminate Colitis (2009)

The incidence of acute pouchitis, chronic pouchitis, and de novo Crohn's disease after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis do not differ significantly between patients with ulcerative colitis, inflammatory bowel disease-unclassified, or indeterminate colitis. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease-unclassified and indeterminate colitis can undergo ileal pouch-anal anastomosis and expect a long-term outcome equivalent to patients with ulcerative colitis.
The high molecular mass allergen fraction of timothy grass pollen (<i>Phleum pratense</i>) between 50–60 kDa is comprised of two major allergens: Phl p 4 and Phl p 13 (2000)

Phl p 4 and Phl p 13 are immunologically different and must both be considered as major allergens. They are judged to be important candidates for potential recombinant therapeutics that may provide a basis for improved immunotherapy.
An overview of Cree silicon carbide power devices (2005)

The compelling system benefits of using silicon carbide (SiC) Schottky diodes have resulted in rapid commercial adoption of this new technology by the power supply industry. Silicon carbide PiN diodes, MOSFET's, and BJT's, are approaching the point of development that they could be transitioned to volume production. This work reviews the characteristics of recently produced SiC devices including Schottky diodes, PiN diodes, MOSFET's, and BJT's. A comparison of the static and dynamic performance of the SiC devices and typical silicon devices is performed. The results show the performance improvement available with SiC devices. The high temperature performance capabilities of SiC devices are also highlighted.
Immunohistochemical detection of E7 human papillomavirus protein in pre‑malignant and malignant lesions of the uterine cervix (2018)

Human papillomavirus (HPV) E7 protein expression is caused by HPV viral DNA integration into human cellular DNA, and is a prerequisite for the development and progression of cervical cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of E7 protein as a biomarker for identification of transformed cervical epithelial cells during the early stages of cervical cancer. Specific monoclonal antibodies to the E7 protein of high‑risk HPVs were generated and characterized for applications in immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry using cervical epithelial cells or biopsy tissue slides. The specificity and feasibility for detecting precancerous cells in cervical exfoliated epithelial cells was demonstrated. In addition, antibody staining of cervix biopsies indicated the pathological grades of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. The results of the present study demonstrated the potential benefit of using E7 protein as a novel and specific clinical diagnostic marker to distinguish transient HPV infections from malignant and pre‑malignant lesions.
Monitoring Platelet GP IIb/IIIa Antagonist Therapy (1998)

2]
Design and calibration of a microfabricated floating-element shear-stress sensor (1988)

A microfabricated floating-element shear-stress sensor for measurements in turbulent boundary-layers is reported. Using surface micromachining of polyimide, a 500- mu m*500- mu m probe has been fabricated incorporating a differential-capacitor readout circuit. A model for the sensor response is described and is used for the design of an element to measure shear stresses of 1 Pa in air. The sensor is packaged for calibration in laminar flow, and electrical results obtained match the expected response.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Method to Ensure the Confidentiality of the Compressed Data (2011)

The usual way of ensuring the confidentiality of the compressed data is to encrypt it with a standard encryption algorithm such as the AES. However, the cost of encryption not only brings an additional computational complexity, but also lacks the flexibility to perform pattern matching on the compressed data, which is an active research topic in stringology. In this study, we investigate the secure compression solutions, and propose a practical method to keep contents of the compressed data hidden. The method is based on the Burrows - Wheeler transform ({BWT}) such that a randomly selected permutation of the input symbols are used as the lexicographical ordering during the construction. The motivation is the observation that on BWT of an input data it is not possible to perform a successful search nor construct any part of it without the correct knowledge of the character ordering. %Capturing that secret ordering from the BWT is hard. The proposed method is supposed to be is an elegant alternative to the standard encryption approaches with the advantage of supporting the compressed pattern matching, while still pertaining the confidentiality. When the input data is homophonic such that the frequencies of the symbols are flat and the alphabet is sufficiently large, it is possible to unify compression and security in a single framework with the proposed technique instead of the two - level compress - then - encrypt paradigm.
Analysis and feedback control of the scanning laser epitaxy process applied to nickel-base superalloys (2013)

Scanning Laser Epitaxy (SLE) is a new layer-by-layer additive manufacturing process being developed in the Direct Digital Manufacturing Laboratory at Georgia Tech. SLE allows for the fabrication of three-dimensional objects with specified microstructure through the controlled melting and re-solidification of a metal powder placed atop a base substrate. This dissertation discusses the work done to date on assessing the feasibility of using SLE to both repair single crystal (SX) turbine airfoils and manufacture functionally graded turbine components. Current processes such as selective laser melting (SLM) are not able to create structures with defined microstructure and often have issues with warping of underlying layers due to the high temperature gradients present when scanning a high power laser beam. Additionally, other methods of repair and buildup have typically been plagued by crack formation, equiaxed grains, stray grains, and grain multiplication that can occur when dendrite arms are separated from their main dendrites due to remelting. In this work, it is shown that the SLE process is capable of creating fully dense, crack-free equiaxed, directionally-solidified, and SX structures. The SLE process, though, is found to be currently constrained by the cumbersome method of choosing proper parameters and a relative lack of repeatability. Therefore, it is hypothesized that a real-time feedback control scheme based upon a robust offline model will be necessary both to create specified defect-free microstructures and to improve the repeatability of the process enough to allow for multi-layer growth. The proposed control schemes are based upon temperature data feedback provided at high frame rate by a thermal imaging camera. This data is used in both PID and model reference adaptive control (MRAC) schemes and drives the melt pool temperature during processing towards a reference melt pool temperature that has been found to give a desired microstructure in the robust offline model of the process. The real-time control schemes will enable the ground breaking capabilities of the SLE process to create engine-ready net shape turbine components from raw powder material.
Terahertz filters by using metal slits (2012)

We present experimental and theoretical studies on terahertz (THz) notch filter having a wide THz frequency range and low-pass filter (LPF) having a 0.78 THz cutoff frequency. The notch filter has a dispersion-free and low-loss transverse magnetic (TM) mode. On the other hand, the cut off frequency of the LPF was determined using a Bragg stop band, which depends on slit period.
Thermooptic-based differential measurements of weak solute absorptions with an interferometer (1982)

An interferometric method of measuring small differences between weak optical absorptions of solutions has been developed using the thermooptic effect. To record the small changes in optical path length ~lambda/200 due to heating, it was necessary to stabilize the fringe pattern with respect to slow thermal drift using a galvanometer-driven compensator plate controlled by a closed feedback loop. Fringe shifts from background absorptions were nulled out to better than 1 part in 400, permitting the measurement of differences in absorptions between two solutions that were l/100th of background. Using laser powers of 100 mW, absorptions approximately 5 x 10(-6) cm(-1) (base e) could be measured with CC1(4) solutions.