gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A stable fountain code mechanism for peer-to-peer content distribution (2014)

Most peer-to-peer content distribution systems require the peers to privilege the welfare of the overall system over greedily maximizing their own utility. When downloading a file broken up into multiple pieces, peers are often asked to pass on some possible download opportunities of common pieces in order to favor rare pieces. This is to avoid the missing piece syndrome, which throttles the download rate of the peer-to-peer system to that of downloading the file straight from the server. In other situations, peers are asked to stay in the system even though they have collected all the file's pieces and have an incentive to leave right away. We propose a mechanism which allows peers to act greedily and yet stabilizes the peer-to-peer content sharing system. Our mechanism combines a fountain code at the server to generate innovative new pieces, and a prioritization for the server to deliver pieces only to new peers. While by itself, neither the fountain code nor the prioritization of new peers alone stabilizes the system, we demonstrate that their combination does, through both analytical and numerical evaluation.
Community health advocacy (2006)

Competing health needs of diverse populations and ever shrinking resources available to support these needs often serve as the impetus for the initiation of advocacy efforts to improve community health. However, perceptions of what constitutes a community differ, as do approaches to advocacy itself. This glossary addresses five key questions: (1) What is advocacy?; (2) What is meant by community?; (3) What are the different approaches to community health advocacy?; (4) How are priorities established in the face of competing health advocacy goals?; (5) How can community health advocacy efforts be evaluated?; and (6) What challenges may be encountered in advocating for community health? Each of these issues could serve as the basis for a text on that subject alone. Accordingly, this article is not meant to be comprehensive text on these issues but is, instead, intended to highlight key foundational issues. And, although advocacy efforts can be conducted by individuals, this article focuses specifically on advocacy efforts of communities, however they may be defined and characterised.
Heteroepitaxial growth of smooth and continuous diamond thin films on silicon substrates via high quality silicon carbide buffer layers (1995)

Smooth and continuous diamond films have been heteroepitaxially grown on β-type silicon carbide (β-SiC) (001) surfaces. The smooth films can be obtained in the thickness of less than 6 μm which is the smallest in heteroepitaxial diamonds. The epitaxial growth is composed of three steps; (i) Bias enhanced nucleation on β-SiC (001) grown on silicon (001), (ii) 〈001〉 fast growth mode for the selection of epitaxially oriented particles, and (iii) 〈111〉 fast growth mode for the smoothing of (001) surface. High quality silicon carbide (001) surface is effective for oriented diamond nucleation. The winnowing process of oriented particles and the surface adjustment are due to the high surface energy of diamond.
Web application slicing (2002)

Program slicing revealed a useful way to limit the search of software defects during debugging and to better understand the decomposition of the application into computations. We propose to extend the extraction of slices to Web applications, in order to produce a reduced Web application which behaves as the original one with respect to some criterion, i.e., some displayed information of interest. After presenting the theoretical implications of applying slicing to Web applications, we demonstrate its usefulness with reference to an example, derived from a survey of a set of travel agency sites. Web application slicing helps to disclose relevant information and understand the internal system structure.
Edge-aware depth completion for point-cloud 3D scene visualization on an RGB-D camera (2014)

Nowadays, 3D scene reconstruction using RGB-D videos becomes more popular because of the widely-available off-the-shelf RGB-D camera. However, the depth information from current RGB-D camera still need improved in order to reconstruct the 3D scene with better quality. In this paper, an edge-aware depth completion method aims to recover more accurate depth information is proposed. There are mainly two parts in our proposed method. The first part is the edge-aware color image analysis, and the second part is depth image processing including unreliable depth pixel invalidation and filling. The depth image processing can retrieve more accurate depth information using our proposed edge-aware color image analysis. Consequently, we can not only preserve the reliable depth information, but also fill in the appropriate depth values to align edges of depth image with edges of its corresponding color image. Besides, the experimental results show that the visualization of the reconstructed point-cloud 3D scene benefits from our proposed edge-aware depth completion. Finally, the PSNR evaluation using ground truth depth information is presented.
Development and Optimization of Fast Quantitative Carbon-13 NMR Characterization Methods of Novolac Resins (1995)

An improved C-13 NMR quantification technique of random and high-ortho novolacs in THF-CDCl3 solutions is reported. Full quantitative spectra of phenol formaldehyde resins with high signal-to-noise ratios are obtained by using chromium acetylacetonate under optimized spectral conditions within a few hours of spectrometer time. Attached proton test (APT) spectra were acquired to enable proper peak assignments in the region with significant overlap. For several novolacs, prepared under different catalytic conditions, the degree of polymerization, degree of branching, number average molecular weight, isomeric distribution, and number of unreacted ortho and para phenol ring positions could accurately be determined. The improved quantification method and the use of the aromatic instead of the aliphatic region permitted to measure for the first time small differences in network parameters for comparable novolac samples.
Scleral Contact Lens Usage in Patients With Complex Blepharoptosis (2010)

In some patients, ScCLs provide a well-tolerated and practical long-term solution to safely elevating the upper eyelid in which complex ptosis is present. The patients in our cohort seem to be satisfied with the cosmesis, although there are some limitations to this aspect when viewed subjectively.
Antiviral Activity of Glycyrrhizin against Hepatitis C Virus In Vitro (2013)

Glycyrrhizin (GL) has been used in Japan to treat patients with chronic viral hepatitis, as an anti-inflammatory drug to reduce serum alanine aminotransferase levels. GL is also known to exhibit various biological activities, including anti-viral effects, but the anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) effect of GL remains to be clarified. In this study, we demonstrated that GL treatment of HCV-infected Huh7 cells caused a reduction of infectious HCV production using cell culture-produced HCV (HCVcc). To determine the target step in the HCV lifecycle of GL, we used HCV pseudoparticles (HCVpp), replicon, and HCVcc systems. Significant suppressions of viral entry and replication steps were not observed. Interestingly, extracellular infectivity was decreased, and intracellular infectivity was increased. By immunofluorescence and electron microscopic analysis of GL treated cells, HCV core antigens and electron-dense particles had accumulated on endoplasmic reticulum attached to lipid droplet (LD), respectively, which is thought to act as platforms for HCV assembly. Furthermore, the amount of HCV core antigen in LD fraction increased. Taken together, these results suggest that GL inhibits release of infectious HCV particles. GL is known to have an inhibitory effect on phospholipase A2 (PLA2). We found that group 1B PLA2 (PLA2G1B) inhibitor also decreased HCV release, suggesting that suppression of virus release by GL treatment may be due to its inhibitory effect on PLA2G1B. Finally, we demonstrated that combination treatment with GL augmented IFN-induced reduction of virus in the HCVcc system. GL is identified as a novel anti-HCV agent that targets infectious virus particle release.
The effect of crosslinking on the mechanical properties of polylactic acid/polycaprolactone blends (2006)

Abstract The improvement of the brittle behavior of Polylactic acid (PLA) resin was studied by blending it with Polycaprolactone (PCL) resin. These materials were fabricated into the compressed films and injection moldings. The values of tensile modulus and strength were appropriate, judging from the rule of mixtures. However, the ultimate tensile strain was very small. Dicumyl peroxide (DCP) was added to this blend system to improve its ultimate tensile strain. It was found that the value of ultimate tensile strain peaked at low DCP concentration. The samples at low DCP contents show yield point and ductile behavior under tensile test. The impact strength of the optimum composition was 2.5 times superior to neat PLA, and ductile behavior such as plastic deformation was observed at its fracture surface. It was found that the carbonyl groups of the blend material with DCP were altered by using FTIR spectroscopy. Dynamic mechanical analysis data revealed the dual phase nature of PLA/PCL blend albeit with good interfacial adhesion, and the DCP enhanced the viscous property in PCL phase, which agreed with tensile ductility and impact strength. The mechanical properties of this blend are comparable to those of general purpose HIPS and ABS. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1816–1825, 2006
Micropreparative one‐ and two‐dimensional electrophoresis: Improvement with new photopolymerization systems (1995)

To improve the efficiency of one- and two-dimensional electrophoresis for micropreparative purposes, the use of gels polymerized with other initiators than the standard N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED)/persulfate systems for sodium dodecyl sulfate electrophoresis has been investigated. We show here that the recently described photoinitiator system, composed of methylene blue, toluene sulfinate and diphenyliodonium chloride, leads to a decreased resolution. Resolution can be restored if methylene blue is replaced by riboflavin. Two-dimensional electrophoresis with mg loadings of proteins has also been evaluated with these systems. Independently of the polymerization system, resolution for the first dimension is low with rod gels, increases with gel strips and is further improved when immobilized pH gradients are used. Here too, only the riboflavin/sulfinate/iodonium system results in a resolution that matches the one obtained with the standard TEMED/persulfate system. Gels polymerized with the riboflavin/sulfinate/iodonium system yield better results upon N-terminal microsequencing after blotting than gels polymerized with the standard TEMED/persulfate system.
Fluorocarbon and Hydrocarbon N‐Heterocyclic (C5–C7) Imidazole‐Based Liquid Crystals (2014)

Abstract By using three synthetic protocols, a series of fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon N‐heterocyclic imidazole‐based liquid crystals (LCs) and related imidazolium‐based ionic liquid crystals (ILCs) have been prepared. The ring size of the N‐heterocycle and the length of the N‐terminal chain (on the imidazolium unit in the ILCs) were modified, and the influence of these structural parameters on liquid‐crystal phases was investigated by means of polarizing optical microscopy (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). These new ILCs exhibit a disordered smectic phase (SmA), good thermal stabilities, a broad smectic phase range, a high dipole moment, relatively low melting points, but high clearing points and strong emission fluorescence relative to imidazole‐based LCs. These encouraging results have led us to believe these fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon N‐heterocyclic imidazole‐based LCs and related imidazolium‐based ILCs could be used as new liquid‐crystalline materials.
293 cell cycle synchronisation adenovirus vector production (2009)

As the market requirements for adenovirus vectors (AdV) increase, the maximization of the virus titer per culture volume per unit time is a key requirement. However, despite the fact that 293 cells can grow up to 8 x 10(6) cell/mL in simple batch mode operations, for optimal AdV infection a maximum cell density of 1 x 10(6) cell/mL at infection time has usually been utilized due to the so called "cell density effect". In addition, AdV titer appears to be dependent upon cell cycle phase at the time of infection. To evaluate the dependence of AdV production upon cell cycle phase, 293 cells were chemically synchronized at each phase of the cell cycle; a 2.6-fold increase on AdV cell specific titer was obtained when the percentage of cells at the S phase of the cell cycle was increased from 36 to 47%; a mathematical equation was used to relate AdV cell specific productivities with cell synchronisation at the S phase using this data. To avoid the use of chemical inhibitors, a temperature shift strategy was also used for synchronisation at the S phase. S phase synchronisation was obtained by decreasing the culture temperature to 31 degrees C during 67 h and restoring it to 37 degrees C during 72 h. By using this strategy we were able to synchronize 57% of the population in the S phase of the cell cycle obtaining an increase of 7.3-fold on AdV cell specific titer after infection.
Visualization of Periventricular Collaterals in Moyamoya Disease with Flow-sensitive Black-blood Magnetic Resonance Angiography: Preliminary Experience (2015)

Fragile abnormal collaterals in moyamoya disease, known as "moyamoya vessels," have rarely been defined. While flow-sensitive black-blood magnetic resonance angiography (FSBB-MRA) is a promising technique for visualizing perforating arteries, as of this writing no other reports exist regarding its application to moyamoya disease. Six adults with moyamoya disease underwent FSBB-MRA. It depicted abnormal collaterals as extended lenticulostriate, thalamic perforating, or choroidal arteries, which were all connected to the medullary or insular artery in the periventricular area and supplied the cortex. This preliminary case series illustrates the potential for FSBB-MRA to reveal abnormal moyamoya vessels, which could be reasonably defined as periventricular collaterals.
Frequency Tracking Burst-Mode PDM-controlled Class-D Zero Voltage Soft-Switching Resonant Converter for Inductive Power Transfer Applications (2018)

A newly developed prototype of zero-voltage soft-switching (ZVS) high-frequency resonant for inductive power transfer (IPT) applications is presented in this paper. By adopting the burst mode pulse-density-modulation (PDM) scheme with resonant frequency tracking, the load power can be continuously regulated under the conditions of full-range soft-switching due to the undamped resonant currents through the coils, thereby the current surges which appears with the conventional PDM scheme can be eliminated effectively. The essential performances on the output power regulation and soft-switching operations are demonstrated in experiment using a class of 400 W-500 kHz prototype, and the validity is evaluated from the practical point of view.
NEW SPECIES OF VERNONIEAE ASTERACEAE 6. LYCHNOPHORA-SOUZAE (1980)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Mutation in the Tyrosine Kinase Domain of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Is a Predictive and Prognostic Factor for Gefitinib Treatment in Patients with Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2005)

Mutations in EGFR tyrosine kinase correlate with treatment response and survival in gefitinib-treated NSCLC patients and can be used as a predictive and prognostic factor. Thus, analysis of EGFR tyrosine kinase mutations in lung adenocarcinoma is of clinical significance, as it can permit the customization of treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
2.2 GHz SH-Mode SAW Delay Line (1982)

Shear horizontal (SH) waves can be used to build high frequency delay lines because of their high wave velocity. In practice to reduce volume diffraction loss, transducers are embedded and the waves tend to behave like Love waves. In this paper, we describe experimental studies of these SH-type surface acoustic waves on rotated Y-cut Quartz with rotation angle near 36. Delay lines at 2.2 GHz have been designed and constructed, which operate at the 3rd space harmonic. They use embedded transducers and thin Al-metallization. The results at 2.2 GHz show that the acoustic properties such as phase velocity, temperature behavior (turnover temperature - second order temperature coefficient of delay) are quite dependent on the original cut and the metal thickness, as expected from Love type waves. This investigation indicates that low insertion loss devices with god temperature stability can be obtained if the transducer metallization is made closer to 400 d. Experimental results for a 0.13 us delay line with center frequency of 2.2 GHz and 14 dB matched insertion loss are presented.
Mechanical stimulation of human tendon stem/progenitor cells results in upregulation of matrix proteins, integrins and MMPs, and activation of p38 and ERK1/2 kinases (2015)

Our results demonstrate the positive effect of 8% mechanical loading on the gene expression of matrix proteins, integrins and matrix metalloproteinases, and activation of integrin downstream kinases p38 and ERK1/2 in TSPC. Taken together, our study contributes to better understanding of mechanotransduction mechanisms in TPSC, which in long term, after further translational research between tendon cell biology and orthopedics, can be beneficial to the management of tendon repair.
DECOMPOSITION OF ECONOMIC RELATIONSHIPS BY TIMESCALE USING WAVELETS (1998)

Economists have long known that timescale matters in that the structure of decisions as to the relevant time horizon, degree of time aggregation, strength of relationship, and even the relevant variables differ by timescale. Unfortunately, until recently it was difficult to decompose economic time series into orthogonal timescale components except for the short or long run in which the former is dominated by noise. Wavelets are used to produce an orthogonal decomposition of some economic variables by timescale over six different timescales. The relationship of interest is that between money and income, i.e., velocity. We confirm that timescale decomposition is very important for analyzing economic relationships. The analysis indicates the importance of recognizing variations in phase between variables when investigating the relationships between them and throws considerable light on the conflicting results that have been obtained in the literature using Granger causality tests.
HANDEXOS: Towards a support device for hand activities and telepresence (2008)

HANDEXOS is an exoskeleton device for supporting the human hand and performing teleoperation activities. It could be used to operate both in remote-manipulation mode and directly in microgravity environments. In manipulation mode, crew or operators within the space ship could tele-control the endeffector of a robot in the space during the execution of extravehicular activities (EVA) by means of an advanced upper limb exoskeleton. The choice of an appropriate man-machine interface (MMI) is important to allow a correct and dexterous grasp of objects of regular and irregular shapes in the space. Many different technologies have been proposed, from conventional joysticks to exoskeletons, but the arising number of more and more dexterous space manipulators such as Robonaut [1] or Eurobot [2] leads researchers to design novel MMIs with the aim to be more capable to exploit all functional advantages offered by new space robots. From this point of view exoskeletons better suite for execution of remote control-task than conventional joysticks, facilitating commanding of three dimensional trajectories and saving time in crew’s operation and training [3]. Moreover, it’s important to point out that in microgravity environments the astronauts spend most time doing motor exercises, so HANDEXOS can be useful in supporting such motor practice, assisting human operators in overcoming physical limitations deriving from the fatigue in performing EVA. It is the goal of this paper to provide a detailed description of HANDEXOS mechanical design and to present the results of the preliminary simulations derived from the implementation of the exoskeleton/human finger dynamic model for different actuation solutions.
Free Reprocessability of Tough and Self-Healing Hydrogels Based on Polyion Complex (2015)

Tough hydrogels with facile processability to reform into various shapes are required in many practical applications. In this work, we reported that a novel, tough, and self-healing physical hydrogel based on polyion complex (PIC) can be dissolved in 4 M NaCl solution to form a PIC solution. The PIC solution can be easily reprocessed into various shapes, such as thin films, sheets, fibers, and capsules, by using simple methods, such as casting and injection, while maintaining excellent mechanical properties comparable to, or even better than, the original hydrogel. The reprocessability and robust mechanical properties of PIC hydrogels are promising for practical applications in soft materials, especially in 3D/4D printing technology.
In vivo Cross-Sectional Ultrasonic Imaging of Human Skin (1988)

This paper describes a new experimental set-up allowing routine cross-sectional ultrasonic images of human skin to be obtained in vivo and presents the first high-resolution images it gives. This system is characterized by the utilization of damped, high-frequency ultrasonic transducers. This type of transducer is longitudinally driven along the skin by a stepping motor under the control of a computer, which at the same time stores the digitized reflected signals. After the acquisition sequence, the image of the skin is displayed on a video monitor after data processing of the ultrasonic signals. On the images thus obtained, fascia, hypodermis, reticular dermis, pilosebaceous units, and adventitial dermis can be visualized. Due to a lack of resolution (about 80 microns) epidermis can only be viewed on certain zones like the hand.
Diastereoselective synthesis of .gamma.-amino alcohols with three chiral centers by reduction of .beta.-amino ketones and derivatives (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiastereoselective synthesis of .gamma.-amino alcohols with three chiral centers by reduction of .beta.-amino ketones and derivativesJose Barluenga, Bernardo Olano, and Santos FusteroCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 21, 4052–4056Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00221a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00221a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views514Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts