gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Browsing2purchase (2016)

This paper covers a sales forecasting problem on e-commerce sites. To predict product sales, we need to understand customers' browsing behavior and identify whether it is for purchase purpose or not. For this goal, we propose a new customer model, B2P, of aggregating predictive features extracted from customers' browsing history. We perform experiments on a real world e-commerce site and show that sales predictions by our model are consistently more accurate than those by existing state-of-the-art baselines.
Dual-band half-cut dielectric resonator filters (2009)

This paper introduces a dual-band filter using Dielectric Resonator (DR) technology, based on the half-cut cylinder resonator. Two orthogonal modes of the resonator are used to carry the two operating passbands of the filter. It is shown that full control over the two passbands is achieved, through the independent control of the center frequencies, inter-cavity couplings, and input/output couplings of each band. Filter design is simple and is carried out separately for each band, owing to the orthogonal modes. Spurious improvement techniques are also discussed. Designs are presented, and measurement results show the validity of the proposed concept. These filters harness the high Q feature of DR technology for dual-band filters.
Significant Temperature Dependence of the Isosteric Heats of Adsorption of Gases in Zeolites Demonstrated by Experiments and Molecular Simulations (2019)

Heat of adsorption is an important factor in determining the utility of a porous material for gas separation and storage applications. Although theoretically the heat of adsorption can depend on temperature, it is common practice to assume that this dependence is so weak that it can be ignored. In this paper, we challenge this common wisdom. We simulated the adsorption isotherms and heats of adsorption of small molecules (CO2, CH4, and N2) in reference siliceous (LTA, CHA, MFI) and cation-exchanged (LTA-4A, Na-LTA Si/Al = 2,5) zeolites and found very significant temperature dependence of the isosteric heat of adsorption for CO2 at low loadings for some systems. In cation-exchanged LTA zeolites, we found more than a 15 kJ/mol decrease over a 300 K range (∼30% variation). We also found remarkable temperature dependence for CO2 in some siliceous zeolites with eight-membered-ring windows (e.g., ITQ-29). A weak temperature dependence was observed for CO2 on silica MFI and for CH4 and N2 adsorption in all materials. Concurrent adsorption microcalorimetry measurements on cationic 4A and siliceous ITQ-29 (LTA) zeolites fully support the theoretical predictions. Our results demonstrate how the temperature dependence of the isosteric heat is related on the microscopic level to the redistribution of adsorption sites with changes in temperature. A wider implication of our findings is that many porous materials exhibit distinct populations of adsorption sites that can lead to significant temperature dependence of the isosteric heats of adsorption. Therefore, care should be exercised when reporting isosteric heats of adsorption on such materials. For some systems, the significant temperature dependence of the isosteric heats of adsorption may need to be accounted for in process design.
LncRNA Expression Discriminates Karyotype and Predicts Survival in B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2015)

lncRNA expression has the potential to segregate the common subtypes of B-ALL, predict the cytogenetic subtype, and indicate prognosis.
An efficient spectral-based calibration method for RGB white-balancing gains under various illumination conditions for cell-phone cameras (2010)

Significant sensitivity variations among cell-phone camera modules have been observed. As a result, for an effective and reliable white balancing, per-module RGB-ratios calibration/estimation under various illumination conditions is required. Herein, a new technique is proposed which minimizes/simplifies RGB-ratios calibration/estimation process. The proposed method could be based on either direct image capture or spectral numerical processing--the latter is shown to be more flexible and accurate.
Polyfluorene-based white light conjugated polymers incorporating orange iridium(<scp>iii</scp>) complexes: the effect of steric configuration on their photophysical and electroluminescent properties (2018)

Different kinds of polyfluorene-based white light conjugated polymers with phosphorescent iridium(iii) complexes as orange emission groups and polyfluorene as blue emission groups were designed and synthesized. On the basis of adjusting substituent positions on iridium(iii) complexes, the conjugated polymers exhibited different steric configurations, <i>i.e.</i> hyperbranched and linear structures, and the PL emission peaks of iridium(iii) complexes had a significant change. Compared to linear conjugated polymers, hyperbranched white light conjugated polymers showed the best thermal stability and film forming properties. The white light single-emissive-layer devices with simplified configuration were also prepared in a wet process. All these devices realized good electroluminescence, especially the hyperbranched conjugated polymers in which the roll off phenomenon at high current density was effectively suppressed. Furthermore, EL spectra of hyperbranched polymers exhibited good stability at different driving voltages. A maximum luminance of 2469 cd m<sup>-2</sup>, a maximum current efficiency of 1.73 cd A<sup>-1</sup> and the commission internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.25, 0.23) showed white light was achieved from the HPF-Ir10 devices.
Discrete roles for secreted and transmembrane semaphorins in neuronal growth cone guidance in vivo (1999)

From the initial stages of axon outgrowth to the formation of a functioning synapse, neuronal growth cones continuously integrate and respond to multiple guidance cues. To investigate the role of semaphorins in the establishment of appropriate axon trajectories, we have characterized a novel secreted semaphorin in grasshopper, gSema 2a. Sema 2a is expressed in a gradient in the developing limb bud epithelium during Ti pioneer axon outgrowth. We demonstrate that Sema 2a acts as chemorepulsive guidance molecule critical for axon fasciculation and for determining both the initial direction and subsequent pathfinding events of the Ti axon projection. Interestingly, simultaneous perturbation of both secreted Sema 2a and transmembrane Sema I results in a broader range and increased incidence of abnormal Ti pioneer axon phenotypes, indicating that different semaphorin family members can provide functionally distinct guidance information to the same growth cone in vivo.
Method for measuring the mean junction temperature of alternating current light-emitting diodes (2011)

A new technique is developed to measure the mean junction temperature during ac operation of alternating current light-emitting diodes (ac LEDs). In general, the ac electrical system supplies power at a fixed root-mean-square voltage (Vrms) but the current may vary during operation. The ac LED begins to function after the instantaneous voltage rises above a certain threshold. Both the theoretical and experimental results show that the threshold current under the threshold voltage input increases linearly with temperature. The mean temperature of the ac LED increases from the ambient temperature to a quasi-steady state under ac operation. The mean junction temperature at the quasi-steady state can be determined by using the linear temperature dependence of the threshold current and measuring the threshold currents at both the initial and quasi-steady states. After the junction temperature of an ac LED is determined, the thermal resistance from the junction to the lead frame can also be calculated by definition of the thermal resistance. The thermal resistance of an ac LED under ac operation, calculated by the present method, is very close to that measured under dc operation by the conventional forward voltage method.
Urinary APE1/Ref-1: A Potential Bladder Cancer Biomarker (2016)

Bladder cancer (BCa) is one of the most common urothelial cancers with still noticeable incidence rate. Early detection of BCa is highly correlated with successful therapeutic outcomes. We previously showed that apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1 (APE1/Ref-1) was expressed at an increased level in the serum of BCa patients when compared to the level in healthy controls. In this study, we investigated whether urinary APE1/Ref-1 was also elevated in patients with BCa. In this case-control study, voided urine was collected from 277 subjects including 169 BCa patients and 108 non-BCa controls. Urinary APE1/Ref-1 level was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). APE1/Ref-1 levels were significantly elevated in BCa patients relative to levels in non-BCa controls and were correlated with tumor grade and stage. Urinary APE1/Ref-1 levels were also higher in patients with recurrence history of BCa. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve of APE1/Ref-1 showed an area under the curve of 0.83, indicating the reliability and validity of this biomarker. The optimal combination of sensitivity and specificity was determined to be 82% and 80% at a cut-off value of 0.376 ng/100 μL for detection of APE1/Ref-1 in urine. In conclusion, urinary APE1/Ref-1 levels measured from noninvasively obtained body fluids would be clinically applicable for diagnosis of BCa.
High temperatures health monitoring of the condensed water height in steam pipe systems (2013)

Ultrasonic probes were designed, fabricated and tested for high temperature health monitoring system. The goal of this work was to develop the health monitoring system that can determine the height level of the condensed water through the pipe wall at high temperature up to 250 °C while accounting for the effects of surface perturbation. Among different ultrasonic probe designs, 2.25 MHz probes with air backed configuration provide satisfactory results in terms of sensitivity, receiving reflections from the target through the pipe wall. A series of tests were performed using the airbacked probes under irregular conditions, such as surface perturbation and surface disturbance at elevated temperature, to qualify the developed ultrasonic system. The results demonstrate that the fabricated air-backed probes combined with advanced signal processing techniques offer the capability of health monitoring of steam pipe under various operating conditions.
<title>Linear arrays of InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiodes for 1.0-1.7 um</title> (1990)

Separate absorption and multiplication InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiodes (SAM-APDs) with a floating guard ring structure that is well-suited to array applications have been successfully demonstrated. Individual APDs have breakdown voltages greater than 80 V, multiplications over 40 at 100 nA dark current, and uniform spatial gain profiles. Uniform I-V characteristics and gains have been measured over linear dimensions as large as 1.2 cm. Gains over 10 at low multiplied dark currents were measured on 21 consecutive devices at the wafer level.
Micro SIDs: a solution for Efficient Representation of Segment IDs in SRv6 Networks (2020)

The Segment Routing (SR) architecture is based on loose source routing. A list of instructions, called segments can be added to the packet headers, to influence the forwarding and the processing of the packets in an SR enabled network. In SRv6 (Segment Routing over IPv6 data plane) the segments are represented with IPv6 addresses, which are 16 bytes long. There are some SRv6 service scenarios that may require to carry a large number of segments in the IPv6 packet headers. This can be inefficient due to the overheads of the segment list, or can even cause processing issues in the crossed nodes due to the very large header to be processed. In this paper we present the Micro SID solution for the efficient representation of segment identifiers. With this solution, the length of the segment list can be drastically reduced.
Using Ethernet Commodity Switches to Build a Switch Fabric in Routers (2015)

Switch fabric in routers requires very tight characteristics in term of packet loss, fairness in bandwidth allocation, no head-of-line blocking and low latency. Such attributes are traditionally resolved using specialized and expensive switch devices. Motivated by the emergence of IEEE Data Center Bridging, we explore the possibility of using commodity Ethernet switches to achieve scalable, flexible, and more cost efficient solutions, while still guaranteeing the switch characteristics. In this context, we propose Ethernet Congestion Control & Prevention (ECCP), a novel concept to control and prevent congestion in switch fabrics. ECCP consists of (1) a method to estimate the available bandwidth along a given network path using a train of probes and (2) a rate control algorithm to adjust the sending rate of traffic along this path based on the estimated bandwidth. To prove ECCP and evaluate its characteristics, we present a first prototype based on the OMNEST simulator and conduct extensive experiments. Our analysis confirms that ECCP is a viable solution to (1) avoid congestion within the fabric, thus minimizing path latency and avoiding packet loss, (2) guarantee fair share of the link capacity between flows, and (3) avoid head of line blocking.
Fermentation of xylulose to ethanol using xylose isomerase and yeasts (1981)

In a survey of 35 organisms, predominantly yeasts, about 40% were capable of fermenting xylulose to ethanol. Two species, Candida tropicalis and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, did so at good rates and without an initial lag. Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains that fermented glucose rapidly fermented xylulose at a slower rate. Ten yeasts and three strains of the bacterium Zymomonas mobilis were weak or negative for xylulose, even though they fermented glucose under the conditions employed. C. tropicalis was able to form 1.0 M ethanol from 1.0 M xylose if the fermentation broth was recycled over immobilized xylose isomerase.
Hybrid transducer type ultrasonic motor (1991)

A type of ultrasonic motor whose stator is composed of a torsional vibrator and multilayered piezoelectric actuators is proposed and has been fabricated for trial. The stator is operated at the resonance frequency of the torsional vibration. The vibrator generates the mechanical output force and the actuators control the frictional force. The construction provides for arbitrary Lissajous's figures at the contacting surface and contributes to large mechanical output power with high efficiency and bidirectional motion. It also gives greater freedom of design. The prototype motor produced a maximum torque of 7 kg-cm and a maximum efficiency of 33%
Electrogenerative and related electrochemical methods for NO<sub>x</sub> and SO<sub>x</sub> control (1986)

Abstract Electrogenerative processes can be used to reduce nitric oxide to low levels in a variety of gas streams. An approach for applying these and related electrochemical reduction processes to selectively reduce NO x concentrations in power plant effluents is discussed. Both electrogenerative oxidation and reduction of sulfur dioxide can occur. However, oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid seems to be the most feasible route for incorporation into an electrochemical flue gas treatment which might also produce useful chemicals. A strategy for implementing an “electrochemical scrubbing” procedure is described.
Fabrication of ultra‐high‐resolution three‐color phosphor screens (1996)

Abstract— A method for fabricating three‐color phosphor screens with triad pitches of 150 μm and less has been developed. The method combines a modified microlithographic technique with electrophoretic coating of the component phosphors and black‐surround material. Indeed, triad pitches based on 15‐μm color‐line width and 5‐μm spacing between colors have been achieved.
Using Bayesian networks for cyber security analysis (2010)

Capturing the uncertain aspects in cyber security is important for security analysis in enterprise networks. However, there has been insufficient effort in studying what modeling approaches correctly capture such uncertainty, and how to construct the models to make them useful in practice. In this paper, we present our work on justifying uncertainty modeling for cyber security, and initial evidence indicating that it is a useful approach. Our work is centered around near real-time security analysis such as intrusion response. We need to know what is really happening, the scope and severity level, possible consequences, and potential countermeasures. We report our current efforts on identifying the important types of uncertainty and on using Bayesian networks to capture them for enhanced security analysis. We build an example Bayesian network based on a current security graph model, justify our modeling approach through attack semantics and experimental study, and show that the resulting Bayesian network is not sensitive to parameter perturbation.
Accurate determination of surface orientation of single-crystal wafers using high-resolution X-ray rocking curve measurements (2013)

Theoretical models of the variations of the peak positions of X-ray rocking curves as a function of the azimuthal angle of a single-crystal wafer have been proposed. These models completely describe the variations of the peak positions both when the surface normal of a wafer is parallel and when it is not parallel to the rotation axis of the goniometer used. Based on the models, an accurate measurement method for the surface orientation of a single-crystal wafer with a small surface miscut of <∼3° has been proposed through rocking curve measurements using a high-resolution X-ray diffractometer. The method measures the misalignment of the sample surface normal with respect to the rotation axis of the goniometer as well as the surface orientation of the wafer. The surface orientation has been measured for a 6 inch (152.4 mm) single-crystal sapphire wafer, and the misalignment of the surface normal from the rotation axis was determined. The results were compared with those from a different method. In addition, a simple and accurate method to obtain the surface orientation of a wafer is proposed by measuring only four rocking curves, two each at two sample azimuths 180° apart.
Decoding for MIMO Systems with Imperfect Channel State Information (2010)

We consider robust receiver design in uncoded multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communication systems. In practical systems, the channel state information (CSI) available at the receiver is often imperfect due to measurement errors, quantization errors and many other sources of errors. Consequently, using the erroneous CSI for decoding the transmitted symbols will significantly degrade the symbol error rate (SER) performance of any decoding schemes. In this paper, we formulate and implement a decoder for MIMO systems with imperfect CSI. The prozposed decoder is the maximum likelihood (ML) decoder under imperfect receiver CSI, which is the optimal decoder. This "robust" decoder has exponential complexity; with the goal of reducing its complexity, we propose a recursive search algorithm which is akin to a modified form of sphere decoding. We verify, via numerical simulation, that the recursive search algorithm (termed as robust sphere decoder) achieves performance almost the same as the ML solution, with significantly lower computational complexity. For a 2 × 2 256 QAM system, the robust sphere decoder compares approximately 4500 solutions in contrast to 65536 comparisons using a brute-force search method. In addition, the proposed decoder has a significant performance improvement over conventional ML decoding that ignores channel estimation error. For a 2 × 2 16 QAM system, where the variance of the CSI error ranges ranges from 0.1 to 10 times the variance of the additive noise, and at SER of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> , the proposed decoder has a 4.5 dB gain over the conventional ML decoder.
<title>Protective optical coatings for diamond infrared windows</title> (1994)

Some applications of diamond infrared windows will require protective optical coatings which not only boost IR transmittance but also protect the diamond surface from oxidation, as diamond surfaces are observed to oxidize in air above 700 degree(s)C. Three different concepts of protective optical coatings on diamond were evaluated using a calibrated plasma heating source, to determine how well they protect diamond surfaces from oxidation at high temperatures. Two of the three coating designs protected diamond surfaces from oxidation to peak temperatures exceeding 1300 degree(s)C, and to temperatures exceeding 800 degree(s)C for periods up to 10s. Microscopic examination of the films shows that the coatings underwent some degree of morphological change, but afforded diamond excellent oxidation protection nonetheless.
CORRELATION OF MECHANICAL IMAGING AND HISTOPATHOLOGY OF RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY SPECIMENS: A PILOT STUDY FOR DETECTING PROSTATE CANCER (1998)

Mechanical imaging can detect areas of heterogeneity in prostate tissue which correlate with cancer. Our findings provide the basis for the development of a transrectal mechanical imaging probe for prostate cancer detection.
Unconstrained endpoint profiling (googling the internet) (2008)

Understanding Internet access trends at a global scale, i.e., what do people do on the Internet, is a challenging problem that is typically addressed by analyzing network traces. However, obtaining such traces presents its own set of challenges owing to either privacy concerns or to other operational difficulties. The key hypothesis of our work here is that most of the information needed to profile the Internet endpoints is already available around us - on the web.
Engineering novel infrared glass ceramics for advanced optical solutions (2016)

Advanced photonic devices require novel optical materials that serve specified optical function but also possess attributes which can be tailored to accommodate specific optical design, manufacturing or component/device integration constraints. Multi-component chalcogenide glass (ChG) materials have been developed which exhibit broad spectral transparency with a range of physical properties that can be tuned to vary with composition, material microstructure and form. Specific tradeoffs that highlight the impact of material morphology and optical properties including transmission, loss and refractive index, are presented. This paper reports property evolution in a representative 20 GeSe<sub>2</sub>-60 As<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>-20 PbSe glass material including a demonstration of a 1D GRIN profile through the use of controlled crystallization.