gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improving wagon running safety: predicting wagon instability during normal freight operations (2006)

The Cooperate Research Centre for Railway Engineering and Technologies has a research project focused upon developing low cost vehicle ride quality detection systems. This paper presents the development of a device which gives indications of wheel unloading and LIV offering both warnings and the opportunity for prevention of derailment. A vehicle based instability prediction system has been developed using measured accelerations of the wagon body as inputs to an inverse wagon model. Numerical integration of the system is then used to get the kinematic quantities of wheelsets. The vertical wheel-rail interface force can be determined by the sum of Hertzian spring and damping forces between wheel and rail. The lateral wheel rail force is then determined by Kalker's theory. A laboratory test was designed to compare the results between inverse model and measurement. Results show the estimated results match well with the results from laboratory test. Additional validation was also achieved by comparison with wagon simulations developed using VAMPIRE.
Decision-theoretic allocation of satellite communications resources (2002)

This paper describes a decision-theoretic algorithm that allocates communications resources in a network simulation in a demand-assigned, multiple access (DAMA) manner. To "optimize" the results, the algorithm makes use of knowledge about the state of the system and environment and general network parameters. Performance comparisons of data throughput are made between the algorithm and two other types of allocation algorithms. In our experiment, the decision-theoretic allocation algorithm gives higher throughput than the other algorithms. The domain of the study is a network similar to the US army mobile subscriber equipment network.
Characterization of Two <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> Strains for Use in Volunteer Experimental-Infection Studies (2008)

The development of vaccines against Campylobacter jejuni would be facilitated by the ability to perform phase II challenge studies. However, molecular mimicry of the lipooligosaccharide (LOS) of most C. jejuni strains with human gangliosides presents safety concerns about the development of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Clinical isolates of C. jejuni that appeared to lack genes for the synthesis of ganglioside mimics were identified by DNA probe analyses. Two clinical isolates from Southeast Asia (strains BH-01-0142 and CG8421) were determined to express the LOS type containing N-acetyl quinovosamine. No ganglioside structures were observed to be present in the LOSs of these strains, and pyrosequence analyses of the genomes of both strains confirmed the absence of genes involved in ganglioside mimicry. The capsule polysaccharide (CPS) of BH-01-0142 was determined to be composed of galactose (Gal), 6-deoxy-ido-heptose, and, in smaller amounts, D-glycero-D-ido-heptose, and the CPS of CG8421 was observed to contain Gal, 6-deoxy-altro-heptose, N-acetyl-glucosamine, and minor amounts of 6-deoxy-3-O-Me-altro-heptose. Both CPSs were shown to carry O-methyl-phosphoramidate. The two genomes contained strain-specific zones, some of which could be traced to a plasmid origin, and both contained a large chromosomal insertion related to the CJEI3 element of C. jejuni RM1221. The genomes of both strains shared a high degree of similarity to each other and, with the exception of the capsule locus of CG8421, to the type strain of the HS3 serotype, TGH9011.
In vivo photoacoustic flowmetry at depths of the diffusive regime based on saline injection (2015)

We propose a saline injection-based method to quantify blood flow velocity in vivo with acoustic-resolution photoacoustic tomography. By monitoring the saline–blood interface propagating in the blood vessel, the flow velocity can be resolved. We first demonstrated our method in phantom experiments, where a root mean square error of prediction of 0.29 mm/s was achieved. By injecting saline into a mouse tail vein covered with 1 mm chicken tissue, we showed that the flow velocity in the tail vein could be measured at depths, which is especially pertinent to monitoring blood flow velocity in patients undergoing intravenous infusion.
A Framework for Secure Speech Recognition (2007)

We present an algorithm that enables privacy-preserving speech recognition transactions between multiple parties. We assume two commonplace scenarios. One being the case where one of two parties has private speech data to be transcribed and the other party has private models for speech recognition. And the other being that of one party having a speech model to be trained using private data of multiple other parties. In both of the above cases data privacy is desired from both the data and the model owners. In this paper we will show how such collaborations can be performed while ensuring no private data leaks using secure multiparty computations. In neither case will any party obtain information on other parties data. The protocols described herein can be used to construct rudimentary speech recognition systems and can be easily extended for arbitrary audio and speech processing.
A novel master–slave teleoperation robot system for diaphyseal fracture reduction: a preliminary study (2016)

We developed a novel master–slave teleoperation robot system for diaphyseal fracture reduction. This paper details the mechanical design and the control system as a preliminary study. The fracture reduction accuracy and the performance of the control system are experimentally tested. The mean error in the axial and lateral displacements was below 3 mm; the mean side angle and inward turn errors were below 4°. As a preliminary study, the feasibility of the novel master–slave teleoperation robot system for diaphyseal fracture reduction is verified. The robot system fulfills the reduction requirements in accuracy and operating performance.
Experimental autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss (1987)

Alterations in host immunity result in a number of disorders affecting multiple organ systems, including the inner ear. The mechanism of injury is poorly understood; as such, this study investigated whether an experimental model of autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss (ASNHL) could be established. Animals were immunized with heterologous inner ear antigen and then evaluated for evidence of evolving inner ear autoimmunity. These animals uniformly developed antibodies to inner ear antigen in their sera and perilymph and 12 of 38 ears showed significant increases in action potential thresholds. Histopathological lesions consisted of loss of cochlear neurons, perivascular plasma cell infiltrates, edema, and extravasation of erythrocytes. These findings are characteristic of autoimmune injury and suggest the establishment of an experimental model of ASNHL in which to further investigate this clinical disorder.
Piezoelectric resonant micromirror with high frequency and large deflection applying mechanical leverage amplification (2013)

This paper presents design, fabrication and measurements for single-axis piezoelectric MEMS micromirrors with 1 mm<sup>2</sup> apertures. These micromirrors, which feature thin-film PZT actuators and mechanical leverage amplification, are dedicated for laser projection and meet the requirements of high resonant frequency and large deflection angles. To identify the optimal micromirror geometries a parametric study by means of FEM simulations and analytic modeling has been performed. Characterization, related to the material qualities of PZT and the mechanical performance of the micromirrors, have verified the reliability of the process, the robustness and the performance of the fabricated prototypes. According to the measurements the fabricated micromirrors feature high Q-factor about 1570. The micromirror reaches the θ<sub>opt</sub>·D product of 42.5 °·mm at 32 kHz driven by a low voltage of 7 V. Furthermore, new designs with larger apertures and deflections are currently being developed.
Solar power roof shingle (1975)

Silicon solar cell module provides both all-weather protection and electrical power. Module consists of array of circular silicon solar cells bonded to fiberglass substrate roof shingle with fluorinated ethylene propylene encapsulant.
Temperature Sensing of Thiolate Addition by Phenolate Merocyanine Dyes: Importance of the Quinone Methide Resonance Structure (2020)

Merocyanine (MC) dyes containing an aromatic donor vinyl linked to a cationic acceptor serve as chemosensors for analyte detection. Their electrophilicity permits anion detection through addition reactions that disrupt dye conjugation. Herein, we demonstrate the temperature influence on thiolate addition to MCs containing the <i>N</i>-methylbenzothiazolium (Btz) acceptor. The zwitterionic phenolate dye (PhOBtz) displays impressive temperature sensitivity to thiolate addition, with the brightly colored phenolate favored upon heating and the colorless thiolate adduct favored upon cooling. In contrast, MC dyes containing neutral donors (PhOMeBtz and PhNMe<sub>2</sub>Btz) display only moderate temperature sensitivity to thiolate capture and release. Extraction of thermodynamic parameters demonstrates a strong enthalpic driving force for thiolate addition to PhOBtz that is absent for PhOMeBtz and PhNMe<sub>2</sub>Btz. Variable temperature <sup>1</sup>H NMR studies demonstrate that PhOBtz adopts the <i>para</i>-quinone methide (<i>p</i>-QM) resonance structure. Thus, thiolate addition to PhOBtz resembles 1,6-conjugate addition to <i>p</i>-QMs which is accompanied by a large increase in the π-stabilization energy upon adduct formation. Manipulation of PhOBtz electrophilicity by attaching chlorine substituents to the phenolate caused the thiolate adducts to dissipate over time for <i>p</i>-QM regeneration. Our work provides new design ideas for the utility of phenolate MC dyes, given that they are carriers of the <i>p</i>-QM electrophile.
Model Based Optimal Attitude and Positioning Control of Small-Scale Unmanned Helicopter (2004)

In this paper, we propose the model based control system design for autonomous flight and guidance control of a small-scale unmanned helicopter. A small-scale unmanned helicopter has been studied with fuzzy and neural network theory, but it is not so good performance for unmodel based control to stabilize it. For this reason, we design a mathmetical model (Mettler's model) and a model based controller for a small-scale unmanned helicopter system. In order to realize a full autonomous small-scale unmanned helicopter, we have designed the attitude controller and trajectory controller with kalman filter based LQI for a small-scale unmanned helicopter. The characteristic of the attitude closed loop dynamics is taken into consideration to design a trajectory controller. By way of the simulations and experiments, it has been clarified that the proposed scheme for attitude control and guidance control is very useful.
Evaluation of OspA Vaccination-Induced Serological Correlates of Protection against Lyme Borreliosis in a Mouse Model (2013)

All four assays differentiate well between Borrelia-infected and non-infected animals. The relatively simple, high throughput IgG ELISA would be suitable to establish immune correlates of protection for the novel OspA vaccine in clinical trials.
Financial applications of fuzzy case-based reasoning to residential property valuation (2002)

We present PROFIT, an advanced prototype system developed to estimate residential property values for real estate transactions. The system enhances case-based reasoning (CBR) techniques with fuzzy predicates expressing preferences in determining similarities between subject and comparable properties. These similarities guide the selection and aggregation process, leading to the final property value estimate. Fuzzy techniques are also used to generate a confidence value qualifying such estimate. PROFIT has been successfully tested on thousands of real estate transactions.
High surface area ThO/sub 2/ catalyst (1983)

A ThO/sub 2/ catalyst having a high surface area of about 80 to 125m/sup 2//g is synthesized. The compound is synthesized by simultaneously mixing an aqueous solution of ThNO/sub 3/(NO/sub 3/)/sub 4/.4H/sub 2/O with an aqueous solution of Na/sub 2/CO/sub 3/.H/sub 2/O, to produce a solution and solid ThOCO/sub 3/. The solid ThOCO/sub 3/ is separated from the solution, and then calcined at a temperature of about 225 to 300/sup 0/C for about 40 to 55 hours to produce ThO/sub 2/. The ThO/sub 2/ catalyst produced includes Na present as a substitutional cation in an amount equal to about 5 to 10 at. %.
Partial grooving in vertical bloch line memory (1992)

Partially grooved regions in magnetic garnets, that are used to stabilize minor-loop stripe domains in Vertical Bloch Line memories, have been investigated in previous work using arrays of single 10%-deep grooves in garnets with zero-field stripe-widths of 5 μm. In this work, two 10% grooving steps were used to stabilize stripes in minor loops and magnetic bubbles in the major line in garnets with a zero-field stripe-width of 2.36μm, composition of (YBiGdHoCa) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> (FeGeSi) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</sub> grown epitaxially on GGG, thickness of 2.26 μm, anisotropy field of 1920 Oe, saturation magnetization of 446 Oe, and characteristic length of 0.28 μm. Rectangular grooved regions, as shown in Figure 1, were used to confine the minor loop stripes, using groove depths of 10% and 20%, and groove widths of 1.25 μm, 1.5 μm, and 1.75 μm. Bias field margins were experimentally measured as well as computed using a two-dimensional, magnetic-domain computer simulation. The simulation assumes that uniform, unichiral stripe domains can be represented by a sequence of wall points whose motion is governed by the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation, subject to applied fields, demagnetizing fields, and wall pressure, and a linear mobility subject to coercivity and wall saturation velocity.
A theoretical analysis of photon drag detectors (1983)

A theoretical analysis of the spatial response characteristics of photon drag detectors used for the measurement of high power pulses from C02 lasers is presented. Details of the model and the numerical methods employed are described and the results obtained for several electrode configurations together with a comparison of experimental values obtained for a typical commercial device are given. (Author)
Angiotensin II for the Treatment of High-Output Shock 3 (ATHOS-3): protocol for a phase III, double-blind, randomised controlled trial (2017)

Our study will investigate the utility of adding ANGII to current SOC vasopressor options to increase the efficacy and safety of CRH therapy.
Catalytic process for liquefying coal. [preheater zone, dissolver zone, and catalyst zone in series] (1978)

A process is claimed for liquefying coal employing in series a low temperature preheated zone, a higher temperature noncatalytic hydrocracking zone and a catalytic hydrogenation zone.
On Broadband Data and Rough Sea Surface Receiver Deghosting (2016)

Summary Efficient removal of the ghosts is key to achieving broadband seismic data. Accurate deghosting on the receiver-side can only be performed when both pressure and vertical particle velocity information is available. We use acoustic reciprocity to derive a relationship that defines the total pressure wavefield as a function of the up-going pressure wavefield and the ghost function. Utilizing this relationship, and assuming the shape of the sea surface is known, we propose a pre-stack deghosting method based on integral inversion for a pressure-only dataset. Deghosting by spectral division with a flat sea surface or a statistical ghost function is shown to be special cases of this new inversion based method. The behavior of the pressure ghost function under rough sea condition is analysed in comparison to the flat and the statistical pressure ghost functions. The error of deghosting rough sea pressure-only data with a flat sea surface or a statistical ghost function is quantified using both synthetic and real seismic data.
Cellular localization and chromosome mapping of a novel candidate tumor suppressor gene (ING1) (1997)

A novel gene called ING1 encoding a 33-kDa protein that is an inhibitor of cell growth and a candidate tumor suppressor has been recently isolated (Garkavtsev et al., 1996). Here we show, using indirect immunofluorescence, that the protein (p33ING1) is located in the nucleus, which is consistent with its proposed role as a growth regulator. In addition, we show that a genomic probe to human ING1 localizes to chromosome 13 at q33-->q34 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. This candidate tumor suppressor gene is located near a chromosome region which has been reported to be a site for translocation and deletion in gastric cancers and head and neck squamous carcinomas.
Single shot high resolution digital holography (2013)

We demonstrate a novel computational method for high resolution image recovery from a single digital hologram frame. The complex object field is obtained from the recorded hologram by solving a constrained optimization problem. This approach which is unlike the physical hologram replay process is shown to provide high quality image recovery even when the dc and the cross terms in the hologram overlap in the Fourier domain. Experimental results are shown for a Fresnel zone hologram of a resolution chart, intentionally recorded with a small off-axis reference beam angle. Excellent image recovery is observed without the presence of dc or twin image terms and with minimal speckle noise.
Solid state microdosimeter for radiation monitoring in spacecraft and avionics (1994)

An instrument, a Si solid-state microdosimeter, is described which is designed to characterize the complex radiation environments inside spacecraft and airplanes in terms of the risk of SEEs in the present and planned microelectronic systems and in terms of the risk to flight crews and passengers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Automated Channel Abstraction for Advertising Auctions (2010)

The use of simple auction mechanisms like the GSP in online advertising can lead to significant loss of efficiency and revenue when advertisers have rich preferences — even simple forms of expressiveness like budget constraints can lead to suboptimal outcomes. While the optimal allocation of inventory can provide greater efficiency and revenue, natural formulations of the underlying optimization problems grow exponentially in the number of features of interest, presenting a key practical challenge. To address this problem, we propose a means for automatically partitioning inventory into abstract channels so that the least relevant features are ignored. Our approach, based on LP/MIP column and constraint generation, dramatically reduces the size of the problem, thus rendering optimization computationally feasible at practical scales. Our algorithms allow for principled tradeoffs between tractability and solution quality. Numerical experiments demonstrate the computational practicality of our approach as well as the quality of the resulting abstractions.
Anamorphic prism: a new type (1991)

A prismatic optical system for anamorphic compression or expansion of a light beam is described, in which the existing light beam is substantially parallel to the incident light beam.
Development and Characterization of Antibody Reagents to Assess Anti-Peg Igg Antibodies in Clinical Samples (2015)

Affinity, specificity and MW of PEG are critical characteristics that impact interactions of anti-PEG antibodies with PEG. These attributes especially MW of PEG and the assay formats may impact the ability to detect anti-PEG antibodies.
Single-step fabrication and characterization of photonic crystal biosensors with polymer microfluidic channels (2006)

A method for simultaneously integrating label-free photonic crystal biosensor technology into microfluidic channels by a single-step replica molding process is presented. By fabricating both the sub-micron features of the photonic crystal sensor structure and the >10 microm features of a flow channel network in one step at room temperature on a plastic substrate, the sensors are automatically self-aligned with the flow channels, and patterns of arbitrary shape may be produced. By measuring changes in the resonant peak reflected wavelength from the photonic crystal structure induced by changes in dielectric permittivity within an evanescent field region near its surface, detection of bulk refractive index changes in the fluid channel or adsorption of biological material to the sensor surface is demonstrated. An imaging detection instrument is used to characterize the spatial distribution of the photonic crystal resonant wavelength, gathering thousands of independent sensor readings within a single fluid channel.
Development of FBG probes for dimensional metrology with micro parts of high aspect ratio (2013)

AbstractThe development is described of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) probes with single or four cores using spheres fixed onto optical fibers comprising Bragg gratings in their cores. Simulations and preliminary experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of these FBG probes for dimensional metrology with micro parts of high aspect ratio. Simulation and experimental results indicate that a one-dimensional FBG probe with single core can be used to achieve an axial resolution of 100 nm at an aspect ratio of 15:1. A three-dimensional FBG probe with four cores can be used to achieve a theoretical axial resolution as high as that of a FBG probe with single core, with a capability of decoupling two-dimensional radial displacements with a resolution of 13 nm.Keywords: dimensional metrologymicro parthigh aspect ratiomulti-core fiberfiber probefiber Bragg grating sensor AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Dr Lei Li and Tao Zhang for their useful suggestions.
Hunting the subset-specific genes of neuroblastoma: Expression profiling and differential screening of the full-length-enriched oligo-capping cDNA libraries (2000)

So far, 54 transcripts have been found to be expressed at high levels in favorable NBLs, and significantly at low levels in unfavorable NBLs.
A four-level inverter based drive with a passive front end (2000)

Multilevel inverters are suited for high power drive applications due to their increased voltage capability. Specifically, as compared to three level inverters, for a given DC bus voltage, a four-level inverter is able to synthesize better waveforms with reduced device ratings. In a medium voltage drive, a conventional diode bridge rectifier is a low cost multilevel solution if the DC bus voltages can be balanced from the inverter side alone. In this paper, operation of a four-level drive with a passive rectifier is investigated, and modulation constraints of the inverter, arising from the capacitor voltage balancing requirements are examined. Simulation and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the link voltage balancing strategy and the performance of the four-level drive.