gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biosynthesis of Lantibiotic Nisin (1996)

The lantibiotic nisin of Lactococcus lactis is matured from a ribosomally synthesized prepeptide by postranslational modification. Genetic and biochemical evidence suggests that genes nisB and nisC of the nisin gene cluster encode proteins necessary for prenisin modification. Inactivation of both genes resulted in complete loss of nisin production. The preparation of membrane vesicles revealed that NisB and NisC are attached to the cellular membrane, and co-immunoprecipitation experiments showed that they are associated with each other. By using the yeast two-hybrid system, which is a highly sensitive method to unravel protein-protein interactions, we could show that the nisin prepeptide physically interacts with the NisC protein, suggesting that NisC contains a binding site for prenisin. This was also confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation of the NisC protein and the NisA prepeptide by antibodies directed against the leader sequence of the nisin prepeptide. The two-hybrid analysis also confirmed the interaction between NisB and NisC as well as the interaction between NisB and NisC as well as the interaction between NisC and the NisT ABC transporter. A minor interaction was also indicated between prenisin and the NisB protein. Furthermore, the two-hybrid investigations also revealed that at least two molecules of NisC and two molecules of NisT are part of the modification and transport complex. Our results suggest that lantibiotic maturation and secretion occur at a membrane-associated multimeric lanthionine synthetase complex consisting of proteins NisB, NisC, and the ABC transporter molecules NisT.
Assessment of Potential Biomarkers of Subclinical Vitamin K Deficiency in Patients with End-Stage Kidney Disease (2014)

A significant proportion of HD patients met criteria for subclinical vitamin K deficiency. Of the biomarkers measured, PIVKA-II may be superior given its independence of renal function or dyslipidemia, both of which may confound the other vitamin K biomarkers. Studies in patients with ESKD linking biomarkers of vitamin K status to important patient outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, nutritional status and mortality, are required in order to determine the optimal biomarker for evaluating vitamin K status in this particular population.
Data-Driven Cybersecurity Incident Prediction: A Survey (2018)

Driven by the increasing scale and high profile cybersecurity incidents related public data, recent years we have witnessed a paradigm shift in understanding and defending against the evolving cyber threats, from primarily reactive detection toward proactive prediction. Meanwhile, governments, businesses, and individual Internet users show the growing public appetite to improve cyber resilience that refers to their ability to prepare for, combat and recover from cyber threats and incidents. Undoubtedly, predicting cybersecurity incidents is deemed to have excellent potential for proactively advancing cyber resilience. Research communities and industries have begun proposing cybersecurity incident prediction schemes by utilizing different types of data sources, including organization’s reports and datasets, network data, synthetic data, data crawled from webpages, and data retrieved from social media. With a focus on the dataset, this survey paper investigates the emerging research by reviewing recent representative works appeared in the dominant period. We also extract and summarize the data-driven research methodology commonly adopted in this fast-growing area. In consonance with the phases of the methodology, each work that predicts cybersecurity incident is comprehensively studied. Challenges and future directions in this field are also discussed.
Antiinflammatory Effects of the Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitor Cilomilast (Ariflo) in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2003)

Cilomilast (Ariflo), a new oral phosphodiesterase-4 selective inhibitor, improves lung function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We have evaluated its antiinflammatory effects in 59 patients with COPD randomized to receive cilomilast, 15 mg two times a day, or placebo for 12 weeks. Induced sputum differential cell counts were obtained at baseline and at five further visits. Interleukin-8 and neutrophil elastase were measured in sputum supernatant. Bronchial biopsies obtained at baseline and at Week 10 were immunostained and counted for neutrophils, CD8+ and CD4+ T-lymphocyte subsets, and CD68+ macrophages. Cells expressing the genes for interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were identified by in situ hybridization and quantified. Compared with placebo, analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the change from baseline showed that cilomilast did not alter any sputum endpoint or FEV1. However, bronchial biopsies demonstrated that cilomilast treatment was associated with reductions in CD8+ (p = 0.001; ANOVA) and CD68+ cells (p < 0.05; ANOVA). In addition, by Poisson analysis, comparison of cell counts analyzed as a ratio of active to placebo demonstrated reductions of CD8+ (48% p < 0.01) and CD68+ (47% p = 0.001) cells. This is the first demonstration of reduction by any agent of airway tissue inflammatory cells characteristic of COPD. Phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors represent a promising new class of substances for use in antiinflammatory treatment of this disease.
X-ray Emission from O Stars (2012)

Abstract. Young O stars are strong, hard, and variable X-ray sources, properties which strongly affect their circumstellar and galactic environments. After≈1Myr, these stars settle down to become steady sources of soft X-rays. I will use high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy and MHD modeling to show that young O stars like θ 1 Ori C are well explained by the magnetically channeled wind shock scenario. After their magnetic fields dissipate, older O stars produce X-rays via shock heating in their unstable stellar winds. Here too I will use X-ray spectroscopy and numerical modeling to confirm this scenario. In addition to elucidating the nature and cause of the O star X-ray emission, modeling of the high-resolution X-ray spectra of O supergiants provides strong evidence that mass-loss rates of these O stars have been overestimated.
Avaliação da percepção da imagem corporal em adolescentes de uma escola pública estadual no município de Fortaleza-Ceará (2020)

A imagem corporal pode ser considerada como a ilustração própria que o indivíduo faz de seu corpo, sendo constituída em nossos pensamentos e mente. Segundo Paul Shilder, trata-se não apenas de uma construção cognitiva, mas também é a expressão de desejos, emoções e relações com os demais, sendo assim, a estrutura corporal está em constante autoconstrução, diferenciação e inclusão. O objetivo foi avaliar a associação entre a percepção da imagem corporal e o estado nutricional de adolescentes de uma escola pública do município de Fortaleza-CE. A amostra foi constituída por 62 alunos (14-19 anos) do ensino médio. A percepção da imagem corporal foi autoavaliada pelo indivíduo através de figuras de silhuetas (questionário) e comparadas com a classificação do índice de massa corporal (IMC) por idade. Apesar da maioria dos adolescentes apresentar estado nutricional eutrófico, verificou-se uma elevada insatisfação com a imagem corporal, que foi maior nos meninos, onde 64,3% deles apresentaram desejo por aumentar o tamanho da silhueta corporal; enquanto 58,8% das meninas desejavam diminuir. Associando a percepção da imagem corporal com o IMC, observou- se que o estado nutricional foi superestimado essencialmente nas moças, enquanto os rapazes expressaram maior subestimação do peso corporal. Em ambos os sexos foram identificadas alterações da percepção corporal e alta prevalência de insatisfação corporal, sendo mais significativa nos rapazes. Modificações da percepção corporal potencializam o risco para transtornos alimentares. Ressalta- se a necessidade de se implementar no ambiente escolar ações que promovam mudanças nos conceitos de educação nutricional e imagem corporal.
Blockage of SLC31A1‐dependent copper absorption increases pancreatic cancer cell autophagy to resist cell death (2019)

These findings reveal that copper deprivation-caused cell dormancy and the increase in autophagy is a reason for the poor clinical outcome obtained from copper depletion therapies for cancers. Therefore, the combination of autophagy inhibition and copper depletion is potentially a novel strategy for the treatment of pancreatic cancer and other copper-dependent malignant tumours.
RICK/RIP2 Mediates Innate Immune Responses Induced through Nod1 and Nod2 but Not TLRs (2007)

RICK is a kinase that has been implicated in Nod1 and Nod2 signaling. In addition, RICK has been proposed to mediate TLR signaling in that its absence confers reduced responses to certain bacterial products such as LPS. We show here that macrophages and mice lacking RICK are defective in their responses to Nod1 and Nod2 agonists but exhibit unimpaired responses to synthetic and highly purified TLR agonists. Furthermore, production of chemokines induced by the bacterial dipeptide gamma-d-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelic acid was intact in MyD88 deficient mice but abolished in RICK-null mice. Stimulation of macrophages with muramyl dipeptide, the Nod2 activator, enhanced immune responses induced by LPS, IFN-gamma, and heat-killed Listeria in wild-type but not in RICK- or Nod2-deficient macrophages. Finally, we show that the absence of RICK or double deficiency of Nod1 and Nod2 was associated with reduced cytokine production in Listeria-infected macrophages. These results demonstrate that RICK functions in innate immunity by mediating Nod1 and Nod2 signaling but not TLR-mediated immune responses.
Simultaneous Multi-Channel Downlink Operation in Next Generation WLANs (2020)

The next-generation IEEE 802.11 standard project, IEEE 802.11be, is focused to meet the growing demands of applications including high throughput, low latency and high reliability. With the emergence of dual-radio end user devices (STAs) and tri-band Access Points (APs), efficient operation over multiple channels distributed over multiple bands is a key technology being discussed in IEEE 802.11be task group to achieve the desired objectives. For certain channel combinations with insufficient frequency separation, STAs might not have the ability to simultaneously receive on one channel while transmitting on the other channel. Due to the independent medium access per-channel, there might be severe performance degradation of downlink throughput delivered to such constrained devices. To address this issue, we design and analyze Constraint-aware Aligned Downlink Ending (CADEN) protocol for simultaneous downlink transmissions over multiple channels that adaptively aligns the ending of the simultaneous downlink frames based on medium access conditions and reception capability of constrained STA. Our results show that our proposed mechanism consistently improves the downlink throughput delivered to constrained STAs under various network conditions.
Nerve growth factor increases activity of ornithine decarboxylase in rat brain (1978)

Intraventricular administration of nanogram quantities of nerve growth factor to adult rats results in a marked increase in the activity of ornithine decarboxylase (L-ornithine carboxy-lyase, EC 4.1.1.17) in the brain. The increase occurs in all major brain regions and the activity is maximal by 7.5 hr after administration. The enzyme response to nerve growth factor increases in magnitude during maturation; the relative increase in ornithine decarboxylase activity in adult animals is much greater than that in young. Neither insulin nor bovine growth hormone was able to increase ornithine decarboxylase activity to the same extent as did nerve growth factor. When brain was separated into neuronal- and glial-enriched fractions, induction of ornithine decarboxylase was found in both, but a greater increase was observed in the glial fraction.
Evaluation of industrial magnetic heat pump/refrigerator concepts that utilize superconducting magnets (1989)

This report provides a preliminary assessment of some magnetic heat pump (MHP)/refrigeration concepts for cryogen liquefaction and other industrial applications. The study was performed by Astronautics Corporation of America for Argonne National Laboratory under the sponsorship of the US Department of Energy. Applications of interest range from the liquefaction of gases (20 K to 100 K) to cold storage refrigeration for food preservation (250 K to 320 K) to heat pumps utilizing industrial waste heat (350 K to 400 K). Initial market penetration of magnetic refrigeration devices is anticipated for low-temperature industrial applications such as the cryogen liquefaction field, and the major focus of the study is on hydrogen liquefaction (20 K) utilizing a liquid nitrogen heat sink (77 K). A brief market analysis indicated that there is a need for small ({approximately}1 ton/day liquid hydrogen) hydrogen liquefiers with dispersed usage at appropriate sites in the country to reduce distribution costs. This provides an ideal market niche for magnetic liquefiers since conventional gas-cycle liquefiers cannot be economically scaled to small sizes. A number of design options for hydrogen liquefiers are analyzed, including thermodynamic cycles; magnetic materials; heat exchangers; process of magnetization/demagnetization; magnet configurations; source/sink connections; and regenerative, recuperative, and active magnetic regenerative concepts. 42 refs., 19 figs., 10 tabs.
Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Sn-3.5Ag Solder/Cu BGA Packages during Multiple Reflows (2005)

The mechanical and electrical properties of the Sn-3.5Ag solder/Cu BGA packages were investigated as a function of number of reflows. A continuous scallop-shaped Cu6Sn5 intermetallic compound (IMC) layer was formed at the solder/Cu interface upon 1 reflow process. After 3 reflows, very thin layer of Cu3Sn IMC was observed at the Cu6Sn5/Cu interface. As the number of reflows increased, the thickness of these IMCs increased with a cube root of reflow time. Shear force slightly increased up to 4 reflows and then gradually decreased with increasing the number of reflows. The maximum shear force was 11.7N when the thickness of the IMC layers was 3.7㎛. The fracture surfaces of all the specimens showed ductile failure characteristics up to 4 reflows, and then the fraction of the brittle IMC fracture increased with the number of reflows. The electrical resistance of the BGA packages increased with the number of reflows.
Identification of related information of interest across free text documents (2011)

An approach is presented for finding information of interest in a free text document and then identifying and presenting related information of interest from other free text documents. The goal is to find specific related items of interest within documents whether the documents are of the same category or not. Information of interest is defined with respect to expanded entity phrases and their ontology mappings. Powerful techniques requiring minimal training are described for expanding an entity phrase to include attributes from components of a complex sentence; for measuring relatedness of same-name expanded entity phrases; and for detecting related expanded entity phrases through ontology inferences. A representative dataset is described and preliminary measurements of performance against ground truth are provided.
Anion insertion enhanced electrodeposition of robust metal hydroxide/oxide electrodes for oxygen evolution (2018)

Electrochemical deposition is a facile strategy to prepare functional materials but suffers from limitation in thin films and uncontrollable interface engineering. Here we report a universal electrosynthesis of metal hydroxides/oxides on varied substrates via reduction of oxyacid anions. On graphitic substrates, we find that the insertion of nitrate ion in graphene layers significantly enhances the electrodeposit-support interface, resulting in high mass loading and super hydrophilic/aerophobic properties. For the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction, the nanocrystalline cerium dioxide and amorphous nickel hydroxide co-electrodeposited on graphite exhibits low overpotential (177 mV@10 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>) and sustains long-term durability (over 300 h) at a large current density of 1000 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>. In situ Raman and operando X-ray diffraction unravel that the integration of cerium promotes the formation of electrocatalytically active gamma-phase nickel oxyhydroxide with exposed (003) facets. Therefore, combining anion intercalation with cathodic electrodeposition allows building robust electrodes with high electrochemical performance.
Development of a non-invasive transcutaneous blood glucose monitoring method using an ISFET biosensor. (1992)

A transcutaneous blood glucose monitoring method has been developed by combining an SOS/ISFET (silicone-on-sapphire/ion sensitive field effect transistor) biosensor with an SEF (suction effusion fluid) collecting technique. The SEF collecting cell has a stainless steel mesh at its bottom which is kept in a weak vacuum condition so as to suck up transcutaneous SEF and deposit it in a reservoir above. An ISFET biosensor, consisting of immobilized enzyme membranes, enables the detection of glucose concentrations in very small samples. The method has been successfully applied to non-invasive monitoring of human blood glucose levels during tests involving 75 g OGTT (oral glucose tolerance test). Glucose concentrations measured with SEF showed good correlation with those obtained directly from serum. Results suggest the feasibility of a portable blood monitoring system.
Intelligent Question Bank and Examination System (2006)

Abstract:- Question bank can be described as the databank that keeps all the examination questions whether pre-existing or created by user while web based examination system is an online assessment tool that used to evaluate students ’ performance. In this paper, we develop and implement an online Intelligent Question Bank and Examination System (IQBAES), which make use of open source technology. This paper is concerned with the design and implementation of the IQBAES that incorporate questions with varying complexity and serves as the assessment tool to track student understanding of the classroom material.
High-performance multimedia transmission on the cable television network (2002)

A spectrally efficient discrete multicarrier modulation method is studied for the transmission of broadcast and interactive digital data on a cable television (CATV) coaxial distribution system. This study finds that multicarrier transmission can mitigate a variety of distortions in CATV networks, such as reflections and amateur radio interference. Some simulation results are presented to substantiate these findings. In particular, we find that 80 Mbps or more of information can be transmitted reliably in a single 6-MHz slot, with each slot possibly serving multiple users.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effects of Aging on Cerebral Oxygenation during Working-Memory Performance: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study (2012)

Working memory is sensitive to aging-related decline. Evidence exists that aging is accompanied by a reorganization of the working-memory circuitry, but the underlying neurocognitive mechanisms are unclear. In this study, we examined aging-related changes in prefrontal activation during working-memory performance using functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), a noninvasive neuroimaging technique. Seventeen healthy young (21-32 years) and 17 healthy older adults (64-81 years) performed a verbal working-memory task (n-back). Oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration changes were registered by two fNIRS channels located over the left and right prefrontal cortex. Increased working-memory load resulted in worse performance compared to the control condition in older adults, but not in young participants. In both young and older adults, prefrontal activation increased with rising working-memory load. Young adults showed slight right-hemispheric dominance at low levels of working-memory load, while no hemispheric differences were apparent in older adults. Analysis of the time-activation curve during the high working-memory load condition revealed a continuous increase of the hemodynamic response in the young. In contrast to that, a quadratic pattern of activation was found in the older participants. Based on these results it could be hypothesized that young adults were better able to keep the prefrontal cortex recruited over a prolonged period of time. To conclude, already at low levels of working-memory load do older adults recruit both hemispheres, possibly in an attempt to compensate for the observed aging-related decline in performance. Also, our study shows that aging effects on the time course of the hemodynamic response must be taken into account in the interpretation of the results of neuroimaging studies that rely on blood oxygen levels, such as fMRI.
Pelvic inflammatory disease. (2003)

A high index of suspicion and a low threshold for treatment for women at risk of PID may help decrease the burden of serious associated morbidity. Screening for chlamydia in young sexually active women may reduce the incidence of PID.
Complete genome sequence of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv trifolii strain WSM2304, an effective microsymbiont of the South American clover Trifolium polymorphum. (2010)

Rhizobium leguminosarum bv trifolii is the effective nitrogen fixing microsymbiont of a diverse range of annual and perennial Trifolium (clover) species. Strain WSM2304 is an aerobic, motile, non-spore forming, Gram-negative rod, isolated from Trifolium polymorphum in Uruguay in 1998. This microsymbiont predominated in the perennial grasslands of Glencoe Research Station, in Uruguay, to competitively nodulate its host, and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Here we describe the basic features of WSM2304, together with the complete genome sequence, and annotation. This is the first completed genome sequence for a nitrogen fixing microsymbiont of a clover species from the American center of origin. We reveal that its genome size is 6,872,702 bp encoding 6,643 protein-coding genes and 62 RNA only encoding genes. This multipartite genome was found to contain 5 distinct replicons; a chromosome of size 4,537,948 bp and four circular plasmids of size 1,266,105 bp, 501,946 bp, 308,747 bp and 257,956 bp.
Iodine-125-NRLU-10 kinetic studies and bismuth-212-NRLU-10 toxicity in LS174T multicell spheroids. (1990)

Alpha emitter-labeled antibodies (Abs) are of considerable interest in cancer therapy. Alpha particles are densely ionizing and therefore have a high radiobiologic effectiveness, and the cell killing produced is influenced very little by dose rate or hypoxic conditions. LS174T human colon adenocarcinoma spheroids were used in this study to evaluate the efficacy of alpha emitter-labeled Abs in a three-dimensional model. NRLU-10, an IgG2b Ab to a pancarcinoma antigen, and its Fab fragment were used. Initial kinetic studies using 125I-NRLU-10 revealed that a large number of binding sites/cell and high Ab affinity led to slow Ab penetration. This effect could be overcome by increasing the Ab concentration ten-fold for Fab but not for intact Ab. Bismuth-212-NRLU-10 therapy was very effective in killing single cells (over 3 log reduction in surviving fraction) but was ineffective in spheroids (less than 1 log reduction). This was likely due to inadequate penetration into the spheroids before the 212Bi decayed. The use of higher Ab concentrations, tumors with fewer antigenic sites/cell for the Ab being used, lower affinity Abs, alpha emitters with longer half-lives, and pretargeting with bifunctional Ab are all potential ways of increasing the efficacy of alpha emitter-labeled Abs for cancer therapy.