gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stimulus rate dependence of regional cerebral blood flow in human striate cortex, demonstrated by positron emission tomography (1984)

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the relationship between the repetition rate of a simple sensory stimulus and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the human brain. Positron emission tomography (PET), using intravenously administered H2(15)O as the diffusible blood-flow tracer, was employed for all CBF measurements. The use of H2(15)O with PET allowed eight CBF measurements to be made in rapid sequence under multiple stimulation conditions without removing the subject from the tomograph, thus minimizing changes in base-line CBF and in head position due to longer intervals between scans. Nine normal volunteers each underwent a series of eight H2(15)O PET measurements of CBF. Initial and final scans were made during visual deprivation. The six intervening scans were made during visual activation with patterned-flash stimuli given in random order at 1.0-, 3.9-, 7.8-, 15.5-, 33.1-, and 61-Hz repetition rates. In each subject the region of greatest rCBF increase was determined. Within this region the rCBF was determined for every test condition and then expressed as the percentage change from the value of the initial unstimulated scan (rCBF% delta). Anatomical localization of the region of greatest rCBF response was performed employing bony landmarks from a lateral skull radiograph, a template of the cranium created from a transmission attenuation scan and a stereotaxic atlas. In every subject, striate cortex rCBF% delta varied systematically with stimulus rate. Between 0 and 7.8 Hz, rCBF% delta was a linear function of stimulus repetition rate. The rCBF response peaked at 7.8 Hz and then declined. The rCBF% delta during visual stimulation was significantly greater than that during visual deprivation for every stimulus rate except 1.0 Hz. The anatomical localization of the region of peak rCBF response was determined for every subject to be the mesial occipital lobes along the calcarine fissure, primary visual cortex. We conclude that stimulus rate is a significant determinant of rCBF response in the visual cortex. Investigators of brain responses to selective activation procedures should be aware of the potential effects of stimulus rate on rCBF and other measurements of cerebral metabolism. For cerebral responses to selective activation to be meaningfully interpreted, the stimulus repetition rate must be taken into consideration. Response amplitude may be maximized by proper rate selection or be undetectable due to selection of too high or too low a repetition rate. Stimulus rate must be controlled for when responses to unlike stimuli or performance tasks are compared or ambiguities will be present as to whether response differences are
Multi-Camera Multiple 3D Object Tracking on the Move for Autonomous Vehicles (2022)

The development of autonomous vehicles provides an opportunity to have a complete set of camera sensors capturing the environment around the car. Thus, it is important for object detection and tracking to address new challenges, such as achieving consistent results across views of cameras. To address these challenges, this work presents a new Global Association Graph Model with Link Prediction approach to predict existing tracklets location and link detections with tracklets via cross-attention motion modeling and appearance re-identification. This approach aims at solving issues caused by inconsistent 3D object detection. Moreover, our model exploits to improve the detection accuracy of a standard 3D object detector in the nuScenes detection challenge. The experimental results on the nuScenes dataset demonstrate the benefits of the proposed method to produce SOTA performance on the existing vision-based tracking dataset.
Novel preparation method for a new visible light photocatalyst: mesoporous TiO2 supported Ag/AgBr (2012)

A new method for the preparation of mesoporous TiO2 with a surface deposited with nanoparticles of Ag and AgBr was developed. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was used as both a template agent and bromine source in the preparation process of the mesoporous TiO2. Mesoporous TiO2 containing CTAB was synthesized by a sol–gel method, and was dipped into AgNO3 solution to form a mesoporous AgBr/TiO2 nanocomposite. The AgBr/TiO2 nanocomposite was irradiated by visible light to accelerate photolysis of AgBr, forming mesoporous Ag/AgBr/TiO2 photocatalyst. The Ag/AgBr/TiO2 photocatalyst was characterized by small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD), wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and N2 isothermal adsorption–desorption. Ag/AgBr/TiO2 exhibits high photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methyl orange under visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic reaction follows the first-order kinetics and the rate constant (k) for the degradation of methyl orange photocatalyzed by Ag/AgBr/TiO2 is 63.6, 36.1 and 2.7 times that of mesoporous TiO2 (M-TiO2), commercial TiO2 (P-25), and Ag/AgBr/SiO2, respectively. The recycling runs experiment shows that the photocatalytic stability of the Ag/AgBr/TiO2 photocatalyst is excellent. The visible light photocatalytic mechanism of Ag/AgBr/TiO2 is also discussed.
High‐performance liquid chromatographic enantioseparation of naphthol‐substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines on polysaccharide‐based chiral stationary phases (2013)

The stereoisomers of 15 naphthol-substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline analogs were separated on chiral stationary phases containing the chiral selectors cellulose tris-(3,5-dimethylphenyl carbamate) (Cellulose 1), cellulose tris-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl carbamate) (Cellulose 2), cellulose tris-(4-methylbenzoate) (Cellulose 3) and cellulose tris-(4-chloro-3-methylphenyl carbamate) (Cellulose 4). Experiments were performed in normal-phase mode with n-heptane(n-hexane)-alcohol-diethylamine mobile phases in the temperature range 5-40 °C. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated from plots of lnk or lnα vs 1/T. On the Cellulose 1 column, Δ(ΔH°) ranged from -6.8 to 5.9 kJ/mol, Δ(ΔS°) from -16.7 to 21.0 J/mol/K and the Gibbs energy, -Δ(ΔG°) from 0.2 to 1.5 kJ/mol; on the Cellulose 2 column, Δ(ΔH°) ranged from -7.8 to 2.5 kJ/mol, Δ(ΔS°) from -16.1 to 13.2 J/mol/K and - Δ(ΔG°) from 0.7 to 3.0 kJ/mol. Both enthalpy- and entropy-controlled enantioseparations were observed. The latter was advantageous with regard to the shorter retention and greater selectivity at high temperature.
Oversampled digital power controller with bumpless transition between sampling frequencies (2009)

In today's digitally controlled power supplies fast analog-digital converters sampling at a multiple of the switching frequency are used to reduce the latency time of the conversion. Conversely, in many cases the actual compensator is still sampled at the switching frequency which introduces an additional latency time. To reduce this latency time, a new compensator architecture is presented in this paper which allows a bumpless transition between two compensators operating at two different sampling frequencies. Operating at the switching frequency during steady-state provides noise suppression, while operating at the full “oversampling” frequency during transients reduces the compensator's latency time significantly. A method for the bumpless transition between the two compensators is presented which is simple to implement and can be easily integrated into existing control architectures. Experimental verification demonstrates clear performance gain over existing control architectures.
Gonococcal endocarditis with penicillin-induced bone marrow hypoplasia. Role of echocardiography (1981)

ENDOCARDITIS is a rare complication of gonococcal infection.<sup>1</sup>We describe an unusual case in which treatment was complicated by two severe episodes of drug-induced neutropenia. This report emphasizes the important role of echocardiography in the diagnosis and management of endocarditis. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> An 18-year-old woman was admitted with a three-week history of fever, chest pain, and painful swellings on the left index finger and thumb. One week previously, her right knee had been swollen and painful. Her temperature was 38 °C, splinter hemorrhages were noted, and Osler's nodes were present on the left index finger and thumb. The carotid pulse was regular with a sharp upstroke. The blood pressure was 150/60 mm Hg. There were no signs of heart failure. An ejection systolic murmur and a loud early diastolic murmur were audible over the precordium. The ECG showed sinus rhythm and widespread nonspecific T-wave flattening. The chest
Eutopic Endometrium in Women with Endometriosis: Ground Zero for the Study of Implantation Defects (2013)

The endometrium is ground zero when it comes to understanding how implantation occurs and how it might also fail, resulting in infertility or pregnancy loss. Many of the causes of diminished uterine receptivity are acquired during a woman's lifetime. Endometriosis, a major inflammatory disease affecting women, is also a leading cause of infertility and miscarriage. Once established, the inflammatory changes can, in some women, lead to progesterone resistance and downstream changes in endometrial gene expression. Much is now known about how inflammation translates to progesterone resistance and infertility, but much remains to be learned. In this review we provide an overview for understanding how the endometrium becomes dysfunctional, what biomarkers may hold promise for the diagnosis of endometriosis, and how progesterone resistance leads to infertility. Understanding the pathophysiology of this disease will likely lead to better treatment options.
Expansion-loop enclosure resolves subsea line problems (1998)

Recent design and construction of a Gulf of Mexico subsea pipeline illustrate the use of buried, enclosed expansion loops to resolve problems from expansion and upheaval buckling. Buried, subsea pipelines operating at high temperatures and pressures experience extreme compressive loads caused by the axial restraint of the soil. The high axial forces combined with imperfections in the seabed may overstress the pipeline or result in upheaval buckling. Typically, expansion loops, or doglegs, are installed to protect the pipeline risers from expansion and to alleviate axial forces. Buried expansion loops, however, are rendered virtually ineffective by the lateral restraint of the soil. Alternative methods to reduce expansion may increase the potential of upheaval buckling or overstressing the pipeline. Therefore, system design must consider expansion and upheaval buckling together. Discussed here are methods of prevention and control of expansion and upheaval buckling, evaluating the impact on the overall system.
Can models of scientific software-hardware interactions be predictive? (2011)

Sparse scientific codes face grave performance challenges as memory bandwidth limitations grow on multi-core architectures. We investigate the memory behavior of a key sparse scientific kernel and study model-driven performance evaluation in this scope. We propose the Coupled Reuse-Cache Model (CRC Model), to enable multilevel cache performance analysis of parallel sparse codes. Our approach builds separate probabilistic application and hardware models, which are coupled to discover unprecedented insight into software-hardware interactions in the cache hierarchy. We evaluate our model's predictive performance with the pervasive sparse matrix-vector product kernel, using 1 to 16 cores and multiple cache configurations. For multi-core setups, average L1 and L2 prediction errors are within 3% and 6% respectively.
Global perspectives of contemporary epidemiological trends of cutaneous malignant melanoma (2004)

During the past several decades, there has been a substantial increase in the incidence of cutaneous melanoma among all caucasian populations. The number of deaths due to cutaneous malignant melanoma has also increased in most fair-skinned populations throughout the world in the past few decades. Trends in melanoma incidence worldwide are examined. The most recent data on the mortality from cutaneous melanoma are reported. The role of different environmental, genetic and host factors in the aetiology of melanoma is discussed.
A Novel Strategy for Detection and Enumeration of Circulating Rare Cell Populations in Metastatic Cancer Patients Using Automated Microfluidic Filtration and Multiplex Immunoassay (2015)

Size selection via filtration offers an antigen-independent approach for the enrichment of rare cell populations in blood of cancer patients. We evaluated the performance of a novel approach for multiplex rare cell detection in blood samples from metastatic breast (n = 19) and lung cancer patients (n = 21), and healthy controls (n = 30) using an automated microfluidic filtration and multiplex immunoassay strategy. Captured cells were enumerated after sequential staining for specific markers to identify circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating mesenchymal cells (CMCs), putative circulating stem cells (CSCs), and circulating endothelial cells (CECs). Preclinical validation experiments using cancer cells spiked into healthy blood demonstrated high recovery rate (mean = 85%) and reproducibility of the assay. In clinical studies, CTCs and CMCs were detected in 35% and 58% of cancer patients, respectively, and were largely absent from healthy controls (3%, p = 0.001). Mean levels of CTCs were significantly higher in breast than in lung cancer patients (p = 0.03). Fifty-three percent (53%) of cancer patients harbored putative CSCs, while none were detectable in healthy controls (p<0.0001). In contrast, CECs were observed in both cancer and control groups. Direct comparison of CellSearch® vs. our microfluidic filter method revealed moderate correlation (R2 = 0.46, kappa = 0.47). Serial blood analysis in breast cancer patients demonstrated the feasibility of monitoring circulating rare cell populations over time. Simultaneous assessment of CTCs, CMCs, CSCs and CECs may provide new tools to study mechanisms of disease progression and treatment response/resistance.
INS and INS/GPS Accuracy Improvement Using Autoregressive (AR) Modeling of INS Sensor Errors (2004)

Current Inertial Navigation System (INS) error models that are used in most INS and INS/DGPS applications have some limitations, which in turn affect the overall system accuracy. One of these limitations is associated with the stochastic modeling of the INS sensor errors. For most navigation-grade IMUs (gyro drift 0.005-0.01 deg/h), a 1st order Gauss-Markov (GM) model is usually used for this purpose. This is also true for low-cost inertial systems (gyro drift 100-1000 deg/h) although sometimes a white noise process is utilized instead. Using long records of static inertial data, collected by a navigation-grade IMU, we have showed that the actual Autocorrelation Sequence (ACS) of such INS sensors is not always well represented by a 1st order GM process, where the computed ACSs have higher-order terms. The approximation of these higher-order processes by a 1st order GM process can lead to significant accuracy degradation. To overcome this problem, this paper discusses modeling INS stochastic errors using Autoregressive (AR) models of orders higher than one. Modeling inertial sensor errors using AR processes was initially tested on a limited static data set. Initial results showed that the performance of AR processes is much better than the performance of the commonly used 1st order GM process. Based on these results, AR models have been extensively tested using two INS/DGPS kinematic tests in land vehicle environment. In this paper, the actual behavior of inertial sensor errors of different categories (navigation-grade, medium-grade and low- cost) is investigated. Numerical analyses are performed to illustrate the poor accuracy of ACSs that are obtained from inertial experimental data. Finally, the AR modeling results are presented and analyzed for the case of INS stand-alone navigation and INS/DGPS positioning during frequent DGPS outage situations.
Extremely broadband terahertz generation via pulse compression of an Ytterbium laser amplifier (2019)

We present a system for extremely broadband terahertz (THz) generation based on an Ytterbium (Yb) amplified laser emitting 170-fs-long pulses centered at 1030 nm. The pulses are first spectrally broadened in an Ar-filled hollow-core capillary fiber (HCF) and then recompressed down to ∼18 fs with a chirped-mirror pair. Extreme broadband THz pulses of bandwidths up to 60 THz and peak electric field as high as 55 kV/cm are obtained via two-color plasma generation. The combination of high-power Yb laser systems with gas-filled HCF opens the path towards the realization of the next generation high-repetition-rate, extremely broadband, and intense-field THz time-domain spectroscopy systems.
Solving a Class of Singular Two-Point Boundary Value Problems Using New Modified Decomposition Method (2013)

We introduce an effective methodology for solving a class of linear as well as nonlinear singular two-point boundary value problems. This methodology is based on a modification of Adomian decomposition method (ADM) and a new two fold integral operator. We use all the boundary conditions to derive an integral equation before establishing the recursive scheme for the solution components of solution. Thus, we develop modified recursive scheme without any undetermined coefficients while computing the successive solution components. This modification also avoids solving a sequence of nonlinear algebraic or transcendental equations for the undetermined coefficients. However, most of earlier recursive schemes using ADM do require computation of undetermined coefficients. The approximate solution is obtained in the form of series with easily calculable components. Numerical examples are included to demonstrate the accuracy, applicability, and generality of the present technique. The results reveal that the method is very effective, straightforward, and simple.
Adaptation of RFC 1149 for IPv6 (2011)

This document specifies a method for transmission of IPv6 datagrams
over the same medium as specified for IPv4 datagrams in RFC 1149. This
document is not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is
published for informational purposes.
Creating Pages With iWork: Visual Quickproject Guide (2005)

With over 40 professionally designed templates, multiple page designs, dozens of fonts, and stunning tables and charts, Pages-Apple's new word processor-makes it easy to create polished documents with a minimum of fuss. Part word processor, part layout program, it lets you place alignment guides to help you position text and graphics precisely on the page while text flows around any kind of graphic, no matter where you put it. (Try doing that with Microsoft Word!) Students can use Pages to create school reports; parents can use it to send out birth announcements; anyone can use it to create an advertising mailer, church newsletter, party invitation, or just a plain old letter. Here to help is this small, smart, streamlined guide designed to take readers from standing start to stellar finish, no matter what project they're tackling. Rather than cover every last option Pages offers, this book steps readers through several sample Pages projects, showing them the quickest, most effective way to communicate their ideas. Each short lesson builds a component of a basic Pages document, from choosing a template, deciding on a layout, formatting charts and tables, incorporating graphics and color, and adding a bit of polish to a final document. Friendly, step-by-step instructions and large, full-color screen shots make the information instantly accessible. i¾
IBM PC — Languages and Operating Systems (1985)

The boards in this section will enable the user to either run software designed for the CP/M Operating System, or to develop and test programs to be run on the IBM PC. Both these applications effectively involve replacing the Intel 8088 processor on the PC motherboard by another on the add-in board.KeywordsProgram ExecutionHigh Level LanguageProbe SoftwareSpeed EnhancementNetworking MicrocomputerThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Polarity of the RNA in the tobacco mosaic virus particle and the direction of protein stripping in sodium dodecyl sulphate (1976)

<P>Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.</P>
Syntenin and syndecan in the biogenesis of exosomes (2015)

Cells communicate with their environment in various ways, including by secreting vesicles. Secreted vesicles are loaded with proteins, lipids and RNAs that compose 'a signature' of the cell of origin and potentially can reprogram recipient cells. Secreted vesicles recently gained in interest for medicine. They represent potential sources of biomarkers that can be collected from body fluids and, by disseminating pathogenic proteins, might also participate in systemic diseases like cancer, atherosclerosis and neurodegeneration. The mechanisms controlling the biogenesis and the uptake of secreted vesicles are poorly understood. Some of these vesicles originate from endosomes and are called 'exosomes'. In this review, we recapitulate recent insight on the role of the syndecan (SDC) heparan sulphate proteoglycans, the small intracellular adaptor syntenin and associated regulators in the biogenesis and loading of exosomes with cargo. SDC-syntenin-associated regulators include the endosomal sorting complex required for transport accessory component ALG-2-interacting protein X, the small GTPase adenosine 5'-diphosphate-ribosylation factor 6, the lipid-modifying enzyme phospholipase D2 and the endoglycosidase heparanase. All these molecules appear to support the budding of SDC-syntenin and associated cargo into the lumen of endosomes. This highlights a major mechanism for the formation of intraluminal vesicles that will be released as exosomes.
Snapping of bistable, prestressed cylindrical shells (2018)

Bistable shells can reversibly change between two stable configurations with very little energetic input. Understanding what governs the shape and snap-through criteria of these structures is crucial for designing devices that utilize instability for functionality. Bistable cylindrical shells fabricated by stretching and bonding multiple layers of elastic plates will contain residual stress that will impact the shell's shape and the magnitude of stimulus necessary to induce snapping. Using the framework of non-Euclidean shell theory, we first predict the mean curvature of a nearly cylindrical shell formed by arbitrarily prestretching one layer of a bilayer plate with respect to another. Then, beginning with a residually stressed cylinder, we determine the amount of the stimuli needed to trigger the snapping between two configurations through a combination of numerical simulations and theory. We demonstrate the role of prestress on the snap-through criteria, and highlight the important role that the Gaussian curvature in the boundary layer of the shell plays in dictating shell stability.