gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simplified Digital Subband Coders And Decoders (1994)

Simplified digital subband coders and decoders developed for use in converting digitized samples of source signals into compressed and encoded forms that maintain integrity of source signals while enabling transmission at low data rates. Examples of coding methods used in subbands include coarse quantization in high-frequency subbands, differential coding, predictive coding, vector quantization, and entropy or statistical coding. Encoders simpler, less expensive and operate rapidly enough to process video signals.
High temperature well bore cement slurry (1993)

A low density well bore cement slurry composition is described suitable for cementing well bores with high reservoir temperatures comprising: (a) a high alumina cement in an amount of about 40 pounds per barrel of slurry or greater: (b) graphite in an amount greater than about one quarter, by volume, of the solids in the cement slurry; and (c) and a carrier fluid comprising drilling mud.
Microchip Dialysis of Proteins Using in Situ Photopatterned Nanoporous Polymer Membranes (2004)

Chip-level integration of microdialysis membranes is described using a novel method for in situ photopatterning of porous polymer features. Rapid and inexpensive fabrication of nanoporous microdialysis membranes in microchips is achieved using a phase separation polymerization technique with a shaped UV laser beam. By controlling the phase separation process, the molecular weight cutoffs of the membranes can be engineered for different applications. Counterflow dialysis is used to demonstrate extraction of low molecular weight analytes from a sample stream, using two different molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) membranes; the first one with MWCO below 5700 for desalting protein samples, and the second one with a higher MWCO for size-based fractionation of proteins. Modeling based on a simple control volume analysis on the microdialysis system is consistent with measured concentration profiles, indicating both that membrane properties are uniform, well-defined, and reproducible and that diffusion of subcutoff analytes through the membrane is rapid.
Combination of platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB and insulin‐like growth factor‐I is more effective than platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB alone in stimulating complete healing of full‐thickness wounds in “older” diabetic mice (1995)

Platelet-derived growth factor and insulin-like growth factor-I have been shown to interact synergistically to enhance repair of skin wounds in normal healing swine. Platelet-derived growth factor alone has shown promise in treating human chronic ulcers. The objective of this study was to compare the wound healing effects of platelet-derived growth factor-BB alone with those of a combination of platelet-derived growth factor-BB and insulin-like growth factor-I in an improved model with the use of "older" animals with diabetes. Older diabetic (db/db) mice (>15 weeks of age) have less elevated insulin levels compared with young db/db mice. The serum insulin levels in the older animals is 1.0 to 2.5 times that of the nondiabetic animals, a similar increase to that which occurs in human patients with type II diabetes. Healing was evaluated in two studies involving a total of 104 animals. Treatment groups included the following: 4.0 microg/cm(2) of platelet-derived growth factor-BB, 40.0 microg/cm(2) of platelet-derived growth factor-BB, 4.0 microg/cm(2) of both platelet-derived growth factor-BB and insulin-like growth factor-I or vehicle. All growth factors were applied topically in a methylcellulose vehicle to full-thickness wounds every other day for 24 days. Efficacy end points were median and mean time to complete healing and rate of wound closure. The median time to complete healing for animals receiving the platelet-derived growth factor-BB/insulin-like growth factor-I combination was 38% and 33% faster (p < 0.001) than animals receiving 4.0 microg/cm(2) and 40.0 microg/cm(2) of platelet-derived growth factor-BB, respectively. The mean time to complete healing for platelet-derived growth factor/insulin-like growth factor-I treated animals was 31% and 29% faster (p < 0.001) than 4.0 microg/cm(2) and 40.0 microg/cm(2) platelet-derived growth factor-BB treated animals, respectively. Wounds treated with 4.0 microg/cm(2) platelet-derived growth factor-BB/insulin-like growth factor-I healed, on average, in 22 days compared with 31 days for 40.0 microg/cm(2) platelet-derived growth factor-BB alone and 38 days for vehicle. Also, platelet-derived growth factor-BB/insulin-like growth factor-I significantly improved the rate of wound closure throughout the duration of the studies compared with either dose of platelet-derived growth factor-BB alone (p < 0.005) or vehicle (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the data show that the combination of platelet-derived growth factor-BB and insulin-like growth factor-I is more effective than platelet-derived growth factor-BB alone at the doses tested or vehicle treatment in stimulating cutaneous wound healing in older, diabetic mice.
Micro-lightwave circuits based on photonic crystal (2002)

Micro-lightwave circuit technologies based on photonic crystal slabs were studied to realize integrated photonic node circuits for use in photonic networks. First, a unique optical multi-exposure technique, which is suitable for drawing large-area, two-dimensional, photonic crystal lattice patterns, is introduced here. The relationship between the resolved pattern size and the light-beam wavelength used for exposure is also discussed. Next, a high-density optical interconnection technique with photonic crystal line-defect waveguides and Si channel waveguides is introduced. A low-loss connection structure for both waveguides and their low bending loss characteristics are also discussed. Furthermore, slab-type, photonic crystal-based optical devices, such as channel-drop filters and optical switches, for constructing the photonic node circuits were proposed and their characteristics investigated by FDTD simulations. A high wavelength resolution for the filters and extremely small switching power for the optical switches were predicted. Before fabricating the optical switches, directional couplers based on photonic-crystal slabs were fabricated and the basic properties of complementary power splitting to two output ports were demonstrated. These results strongly support the possibility of realizing integrated photonic node circuits with photonic crystals.
Mandibular Distractor for Experimental Applications (2022)

Modern Research in Dentistry Mandibular Distractor for Experimental Applications Khalid Abdullah Alruhaimi1* and Abdullah K Alruhaimi2 1Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia 2General Practitioner, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia *Corresponding author: Khalid Abdullah Alruhaimi, BDS, MSc, Dr. Med. Dent, Professor, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Submission: January 10, 2022;Published: February 08, 2022 DOI: 10.31031/MRD.2022.07.000656 ISSN:2637-7764Volume7 Issue2
Birefringent films for contrast enhancement of liquid crystal on silicon projection systems (2006)

High-performance projection displays based on liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) panel technology have the potential to deliver very high contrast and performance at an attractive price. These systems use polarization-based light engines that utilize wire grid polarizers (WGP) and vertical-aligned nematic LCoS panels. To achieve high contrast, the linear polarization state created by the WGP must be maintained in the dark state to prevent light leakage to the screen. However, the LCoS panel has a residual retardance, and without compensation, this leakage degrades the system contrast. We describe the design and contrast measurement results of a birefringent contrast enhancing component that compensates this residual retardance and improves the overall system contrast ratio to 6000:1. The component is comprised of birefringent films with individually controllable A-plate and C-plate compensation, accurate retardance targeting, and excellent uniformity for both retardance magnitude and orientation. The component also has good environmental durability and low defects.
Engineering a wild-type diploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain for second-generation bioethanol production (2016)

The strain LF1 co-ferments glucose and xylose efficiently and synchronously. This result highlights the great potential of LF1 for the practical production of second-generation bioethanol.
Quantum Dot Light Enhancement Substrate for OLED Solid-State Lighting (2011)

With DOE Award No. DE-EE00000628, QD Vision developed and demonstrated a cost-competitive solution for increasing the light extraction efficiency of OLEDs with efficient and stable color rendering index (CRI) for solid state lighting (SSL). Solution processable quantum dot (QD) films were integrated into OLED ITO-glass substrates to generate tunable white emission from blue emitting OLED) devices as well as outcouple light from the ITO film. This QD light-enhancement substrate (QD-LED) technology demonstrated a 60% increase in OLED forward light out-coupling, a value which increases to 76% when considering total increase in multi-directional light output. The objective for the first year was an 80% increase in light output. This project seeks to develop and demonstrate a cost-competitive solution for realizing increased extraction efficiency organic light emitting devices (OLEDs) with efficient and stable color rendering index (CRI) for SSL. Solution processible quantum dot (QD) films will be utilized to generate tunable white emission from blue emitting phosphorescent OLED (Ph-OLED) devices.
Molecular Drug Design and Dopamine Receptors (1997)

The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the approaches we and others have used for the rational design of novel ligands for dopamine receptors. It is impossible in one chapter to provide both a detailed review of the technologies used for molecular drug design and their application to dopamine receptor drug design. Our goal, therefore, is to communicate a summary of the general strategies that are used for molecular drug design, a summary of current issues in the field and their development, and some examples from our own research with dopamine receptors that highlight the application of such methods.
FKB1 encodes a nonessential FK 506-binding protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and contains regions suggesting homology to the cyclophilins. (1991)

FK 506, a powerful immunosuppressant that blocks allograft rejection by preventing T-cell activation, binds to an 11-kDa protein called the FK 506-binding protein (FKBP). Like cyclophilin, a cytosolic protein that binds another immunosuppressant, cyclosporin A, FKBP possesses peptidylprolyl cis-trans isomerase activity. We have isolated a genomic clone encoding the yeast FKBP (FKB1). The gene encodes a protein of 114 amino acids having a calculated Mr of 12,158. Disruption of the gene shows that FKB1 is not essential for growth. A search of translated nucleic acid data bases revealed bacterial FKBP homologs in Neisseria meningiditis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Comparison of the conserved amino acids in FKBP homologs with the conserved amino acids in the cyclophilins has revealed a region of similarity that we speculate to be a homologous domain related to the functional similarities of the two proteins.
Simultaneous fingerprint and high‐wavenumber fiber‐optic Raman spectroscopy enhances real‐time <i>in vivo</i> diagnosis of adenomatous polyps during colonoscopy (2015)

Colorectal cancer can be prevented if detected early (e.g., precancerous polyps-adenoma). Endoscopic differential diagnosis of hyperplastic polyps (that have little or no risk of malignant transformation) and adenomas (that have prominent malignant latency) remains an unambiguous clinical challenge. Raman spectroscopy is an optical vibrational technique capable of probing biomolecular changes of tissue associated with neoplastic transformation. This work aims to apply a fiber-optic simultaneous fingerprint (FP) and high wavenumber (HW) Raman spectroscopy technique for real-time in vivo assessment of adenomatous polyps during clinical colonoscopy. We have developed a fiber-optic Raman endoscopic technique capable of simultaneously acquiring both the FP (i.e., 800-1800 cm(-1)) and HW (i.e., 2800-3600 cm(-1)) Raman spectra from colorectal tissue subsurface (<200 µm) for real-time assessment of colorectal carcinogenesis. In vivo FP/HW Raman spectra were acquired from 50 patients with 17 colorectal polyps during clinical colonoscopy. Prominent Raman spectral differences (p < 0.001) were found between hyperplastic (n = 118 spectra), adenoma (n = 184 spectra) that could be attributed to changes in inter- and intra-cellular proteins, lipids, DNA and water structures and conformations. Simultaneous FP/HW Raman endoscopy provides a diagnostic sensitivity of 90.9% and specificity of 83.3% for differentiating adenoma from hyperplastic polyps, which is superior to either the FP or HW Raman technique alone. This study shows that simultaneous FP/HW Raman spectroscopy technique has the potential to be a clinically powerful tool for improving early diagnosis of adenomatous polyps in vivo during colonoscopic examination.
Effects of stage of gestation and breed on bovine responses to vaccination with Brucella abortus strain 19 (1991)

Eighty-eight cattle were injected SC with 2.5 x 10(8) viable cells of Brucella abortus strain 19. All but 1 heifer became seropositive on the basis of the results of 7 brucellosis tests, and the proportion positive decreased with time. The proportion of cattle that were seropositive during a 20- to 67-week period after vaccination was as follows, in decreasing order: hemolysis-in-gel, 59%; buffered-acid plate antigen, 39%; ELISA, 16%; card, 10%; rivanol, 8%; cold complement-fixation, 7%; and automated complement-fixation, 5%. Using the serologic classification in Uniform Methods and Rules for brucellosis eradication, 7 cattle tested brucellosis-positive (2 suspects and 5 reactors). None of the 27 nonpregnant heifers tested positive. Of 18 heifers that were 84 to 135 days in gestation when vaccinated, 6 (33%) tested positive for brucellosis, compared with 0 of 13 and 1 (3%) of 30 heifers that were 11 to 78 and 145 to 253 days in gestation at vaccination, respectively (X2 = 12.07; 2 df; P less than 0.01). Neither breed (Angus, Hereford, Jersey, and Brahman) nor calf survival was related to brucellosis-positive results. Postpartum milk samples from 61 heifers and 24 tissues from 2 reactor cattle were culture-negative for B abortus.
Glycosyl Phosphites as Glycosylation Reagents: Scope and Mechanism (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGlycosyl Phosphites as Glycosylation Reagents: Scope and MechanismHirosato Kondo, Shin Aoki, Yoshitaka Ichikawa, Randall L. Halcomb, Helena Ritzen, and Chi-Huey WongCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 4, 864–877Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00083a032https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00083a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1356Altmetric-Citations123LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
THE EXPERIMENTAL (IN VITRO) AND CLINICAL (IN VIVO) IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE EFFECTS OF A RAT IgG2b ANTI-HUMAN CD2 mAb, LO-CD2a/BTI-3221 (2000)

The correlation between the in vitro and in vivo data suggests that T-cell depletion, especially of activated cells, and inhibition of cell activation after CD2 down-modulation are the main mechanisms of action of the LO-CD2a/BTI-322 mAb.
Plane-wave decomposition analysis for spherical microphone arrays (2006)

Spherical microphone arrays have attracted attention for analyzing the sound field in a region and beamforming. The analysis of the recorded sound has been performed in terms of spherical wave-functions, and recently the use of plane-wave expansions has been suggested. We show that the plane-wave basis is intimately related to the spherical wave-functions. Reproduction in terms of both representations satisfies certain band-limit criteria. We provide an error bound that shows that to reproduce the spatial characteristics of a sound of a certain frequency we need to be able to accurately represent sounds of up to a particular order, which establishes a Nyquist-like criterion. The order of the sound field in turn is related to the number of microphones in the array necessary to achieve accurate quadrature on the sphere. These results are illustrated with simulations.
Butalactin, a new butanolide antibiotic. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and biological activity. (1991)

Butalactin, [2-(4',5'-epoxy-hex-2'(E)-en)oyl-2-hydroxy-3-hydroxymethyl-2, 3-(Z)-butanolide] is a new antibiotic produced by Streptomyces sp. HIL Y-86,36923. Taxonomically, the producing organism most closely resembles Streptomyces corchorusii. The strain also produces cineromycin B. Though butalactin is structurally related to 'signal molecules' such as A-factor, the anthracycline inducing factors and the virginiae butanolides, it does not show inducing activity for antibiotic production or aerial mycelium formation in the indicator strain. Butalactin possesses a weak antibiotic activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
MICROREACTOR-BASED SYSTEM FOR RADIOLABELING OF BIOMOLECULES WITH METALLIC RADIOISOTOPES (2011)

Here, we report a robust, versatile, compact microreactor-based system for labeling of biomolecules with metallic radioisotopes or radiometals. The microreactor exploits rapid mixing in grooved (staggered herringbones) microchannels, and efficient heat transfer in micro-incubation chambers to achieve high radiolabeling efficiencies. We demonstrate the application of the system by labeling RGD, a cancer-targeting biomolecule, with radioisotopes of copper and gallium. More significantly, the high labeling efficiencies were achieved without using excess of any reagents, thus obviating the need for subsequent purification. The reported microreactor-based system has potential for the synthesis of radiopharmaceuticals for clinical and research applications.
Intelligent modeling and manipulation of three dimensional objects in computer vision and animation (1998)

In this thesis, the author investigates the use of Attributed Hypergraph Representation (AHR) based on category theory as the supporting framework of a generic 3D object modeling and manipulation methodology. The efficacy of the methodology is illustrated by its applications in computer vision and animation. Compared with the relational graph used in computer vision [79] and the scene graph used in computer graphics [17], AHR has the advantage that it is capable of representing multiple relations by its hyperedge structure. One of the most important contributions of the thesis is the mathematical framework established to examine AHR from a theoretical perspective. 
From multiple 2D views of a 3D object or scene, range information is first computed and then a triangular mesh model is built. A net-like data structure of AHR can be configured on this mesh model. The data structure is designed to handle the transformations on the representation corresponding to the object's movements and deformations. In an attributed hypergraph, the attributes associated with the hyperedges and the vertices give it power to model arbitrary shapes with geometrical, physical or behavioral features. As a hierarchical and generic representation, AHR enables pattern matching, recognition, synthesis and manipulation to be carried out at different resolution levels or on different subsets depending on the context. Symbolic computation on knowledge represented in the format of attributed hypergraphs becomes straightforward. 
From the mathematical viewpoint, a representation on a feature level with the transformations defined on it, such as physically based modeling [85] with the state transition functions, forms a category; AHR and AHR transformations form another category. Given the features of a 3D object or scene, the procedure of constructing the AHR corresponds to the concept of functor in category theory, which maps one category to another one. The transformations of AHR are in the form of a set of operators defined on attributed by pergraphs, which stand for the motions and deformations of the object. 
This representation is applied to various modeling and manipulation tasks on 3D objects: (1) the process of motion analysis of a 3D object is the task of extracting a sequence of AH operators from the AHR of the object; (2) a 3D scene can be modeled by AHR and then altered/augmented with other 3D models, by which an augmented reality can be built; (3) given the AHR's of two different 3D shapes, 3D morphing can be accomplished by matching the two AHR's and then mapping the difference to a sequence of AH operators; (4) model based animation of an object can be accomplished by applying a set of AH operators to its AHR.
Silicon waveguide photonics for biosensing applications (2007)

In this paper we will give a short overview of evanescent field waveguide sensors in the context of requirements of a viable label-free molecular sensor for biological applications. We present recent theoretical and experimental results on silicon photonic wire evanescent field (PWEF) sensors that show such PWEF sensors have the highest response to bulk index change as well as surface molecular adsorption. Given ongoing development in waveguide circuit design and coupling methods, silicon waveguide technology may be the most promising route towards a monolithically integrated multi-sensor array based on evanescent field sensor technology. Such sensor array integration is an essential requirement for any molecular sensor tool for genomic and proteomic applications.