gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automatic brain structure-guided registration of pre and intra-operative 3D ultrasound for neurosurgery (2020)

Image guidance aids neurosurgeons in making critical clinical decisions of safe maximal resection of diseased tissue. The brain however undergoes significant non-linear structural deformation on account of dura opening and tumor resection. Deformable registration of pre-operative ultrasound to intra-operative ultrasound may be used in mapping of pre-operative planning MRI to intraoperative ultrasound. Such mapping may aid in determining tumor resection margins during surgery. In this work, brain structures visible in pre- and intra-operative 3D ultrasound were used for automatic deformable registration. A Gaussian mixture model was used to automatically segment structures of interest in pre- and intra-operative ultrasound and patch-based normalized cross-correlation was used to establish correspondences between segmented structures. An affine registration based on correspondences was followed by B-spline based deformable registration to register pre- and intra-operative ultrasound. Manually labelled landmarks in pre- and intra-operative ultrasound were used to quantify the mean target registration error. We achieve a mean target registration error of 1.43±0.8 mm when validated with 17 pre- and intra-operative ultrasound image volumes of a public dataset.
8-(4-Methoxyphenyl)pyrazolo[1,5-<i>a</i>]-1,3,5-triazines: Selective and Centrally Active Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptor-1 (CRF<sub>1</sub>) Antagonists (2009)

This report describes the syntheses and structure-activity relationships of 8-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]-1,3,5-triazine corticotropin releasing factor receptor-1 (CRF(1)) receptor antagonists. CRF(1) receptor antagonists may be potential anxiolytic or antidepressant drugs. This research culminated in the discovery of analogue 12-3, which is a potent, selective CRF(1) antagonist (hCRF(1) IC(50) = 4.7 +/- 2.0 nM) with weak affinity for the CRF-binding protein and biogenic amine receptors. This compound also has a good pharmacokinetic profile in dogs. Analogue 12-3 is orally effective in two rat models of anxiety: the defensive withdrawal (situational anxiety) model and the elevated plus maze test. Analogue 12-3 has been advanced to clinical trials.
24.4: Planar Triode Structure Carbon Nanotubes Field Emission Display (2003)

Abstract A new planar triode structure of CNT‐FED has been fabricated. The gate electrode and the CNTs emitters were almost on the same plane. The gate pulls out the electrons from the both side CNTs emitters. The electron beam would be focus on the top of the gate electrode.
Synthesis of 3-deoxy-3,4-didehydro derivatives of 5-O-mycaminosyltylonolide, 5-O-(4-deoxymycaminosyl)tylonolide, and desmycosin. (1993)

The 3-deoxy-3,4-didehydro derivatives of 5-O-mycaminosyltylonolide, 5-O-(4-deoxymycaminosyl)tylonolide, and desmycosin have been prepared by treatment of the corresponding 3-O-sulfonyl derivatives with NaI in 2-butanone as the key step. The mechanistic difference in the formation of the 2,3- and 3,4-unsaturated derivatives from the same 3-O-sulfonyl derivative is discussed.
The Crohn’s Disease protective SNP rs11209026 mediates alternative splicing in human IL23R. (51.14) (2010)

Abstract SNP rs11209026 in the human IL23R gene has been associated with susceptibility in human autoimmune diseases. Notably, the rarer “A” allele confers protection against Inflammatory bowel diseases. IL-23 and IL-23R signalling are key to the development of the pro-inflammatory T-cell subset, Th17 cells, where they stabilise the functionally-mature Th17 phenotype. Despite causing an Arg&gt;Gln change at residue 381, inside the cell membrane, no differences in IL-23 signalling resulting from this change have been reported. Multiple splice-forms of the human IL23R transcript exist and one of these, lacking exon-9 (“Δ9”), encodes a potent IL-23 inhibitor comprising a truncated, soluble HuIL23Rα chain. Here, we show that the disease-protective “A” allele destroys the affinity of this site for the splice-factor Sf2 and so favours transcription of HuIL23RΔ9. Using both BAC and mini-gene approaches, we used anti-sense oligonucleotides to target the Sf2 binding site and cause dose-responsive, specific induction of Δ9. We applied this strategy to primary human CD4+ lymphocytes, again inducing Δ9 mRNA. In experiments designed to differentiate human Th17 cells in vitro this caused a reduction in wild-type IL-23R expression on the cells’ surface and reduced the expression and secretion of the signature Th17 cytokines, IL-17A and IL-17F. Thus, the presence of allele “A” predicts the elevated expression of Δ9 and a consequent lower ability to respond to IL-23 or to maintain Th17 activity.
Polarity inversion of type II InAs∕GaSb superlattice photodiodes (2007)

The authors demonstrated the realization of p-on-n type II InAs∕GaSb superlattice photodiodes. Growth condition for high quality InAsSb layer lattice matched to GaSb was established for the use of an effective n-contact layer. By studying the effect of various GaSb capping layer thicknesses on the optical and electrical performances, an optimized thickness of 160nm was determined. In comparison to as grown n-on-p superlattice photodiodes, this inverted design of p on n has shown similar quality. Finally, by analyzing Fabry-Perot interference fringes in the front side illuminated spectral measurement, the refractive index of the superlattice was determined to be approximately 3.8.
Boosting long-term adaptation of hidden-Markov-models: incremental splitting of probability density functions (2002)

The research described in this paper focuses on possibilities of avoiding the tedious training of hidden-Markov-models when setting up a new recognition task. A major speaker independent cause of the reduction of recognition accuracy is a mismatch of the phonetic contexts between the training and testing data. To overcome this problem, we introduced in previous work the idea of an update of task independent acoustic models by means of Bayesian learning. In this paper we introduce a new approach of adaptively splitting the probability density functions (PDFs) of a continuous density HMM. The goal is to model the appropriate state PDFs better so that they can more accurately match new contexts that are observed while the system is in service. Splitting and Bayesian adaptation yields a remarkable reduction of word error rate compared to Bayesian adaptation only.
Blood coagulation screening using a paper-based microfluidic lateral flow device (2014)

A simple approach to the evaluation of blood coagulation using a microfluidic paper-based lateral flow assay (LFA) device for point-of-care (POC) and self-monitoring screening is reported. The device utilizes whole blood, without the need for prior separation of plasma from red blood cells (RBC). Experiments were performed using animal (rabbit) blood treated with trisodium citrate to prevent coagulation. CaCl2 solutions of varying concentrations are added to citrated blood, producing Ca(2+) ions to re-establish the coagulation cascade and mimic different blood coagulation abilities in vitro. Blood samples are dispensed into a paper-based LFA device consisting of sample pad, analytical membrane and wicking pad. The porous nature of the cellulose membrane separates the aqueous plasma component from the large blood cells. Since the viscosity of blood changes with its coagulation ability, the distance RBCs travel in the membrane in a given time can be related to the blood clotting time. The distance of the RBC front is found to decrease linearly with increasing CaCl2 concentration, with a travel rate decreasing from 3.25 mm min(-1) for no added CaCl2 to 2.2 mm min(-1) for 500 mM solution. Compared to conventional plasma clotting analyzers, the LFA device is much simpler and it provides a significantly larger linear range of measurement. Using the red colour of RBCs as a visible marker, this approach can be utilized to produce a simple and clear indicator of whether the blood condition is within the appropriate range for the patient's condition.
Titanium dioxide-supported non-precious metal oxygen reduction electrocatalyst (2010)

A new non-precious metal oxygen reduction catalyst was developed via heat treatment of in situ polymerized polyaniline onto TiO(2) particles in the presence of Fe species. The TiO(2) provides for improved performance relative to a carbon black-based catalyst and, at a high catalyst loading, allows for reducing the performance gap between non-precious-metal catalyst and Pt/C to ca. 20 mV in RDE testing.
Distributed task negotiation in self-reconfigurable robots (2004)

A self-reconfigurable robot can be viewed as a network of many autonomous modules. Driven by their local information, the modules can initiate tasks that may conflict with each other at the global level. How the modules negotiate and select a coherent task among many competing tasks is thus a critical problem for the control of self-reconfigurable robots. This paper presents a distributed algorithm called DISTINCT to solve this challenging problem and show that it can be successfully applied to the CONRO self-reconfigurable robots. A discussion how to apply DISTINCT to other types of distributed systems such as sensor network, swarm robots, or multi-agent systems is also given.
Membrane: operating system support for restartable file systems (2010)

We introduce Membrane, a set of changes to the operating system to support restartable file systems. Membrane allows an operating system to tolerate a broad class of file system failures and does so while remaining transparent to running applications; upon failure, the file system restarts, its state is restored, and pending application requests are serviced as if no failure had occurred. Membrane provides transparent recovery through a lightweight logging and checkpoint infrastructure, and includes novel techniques to improve performance and correctness of its fault-anticipation and recovery machinery. We tested Membrane with ext2, ext3, and VFAT. Through experimentation, we show that Membrane induces little performance overhead and can tolerate a wide range of file system crashes. More critically, Membrane does so with little or no change to existing file systems thus improving robustness to crashes without mandating intrusive changes to existing file-system code.
An optimized Er all-fiber chirped pulse amplification system producing 570-fs, 310-nJ pulses (2005)

We report an all-fiber CPA system based on pulse stretching in dispersion-engineered FBG and compression in photonic band gap fiber (PBGF). We analyze the design trade-offs and estimate pulse energy limit due to PBGF nonlinearity.
Three-Dimensional Imaging Coherent Laser Radar Array (1989)

We have constructed a small-scale laboratory demonstration of a laser-diode-based radar array for simultaneous coherent ranging and velocimetry of multiple target points. Signals are produced by an array of laser/detector packages in a self-detection geometry with common imaging optics for both the source and backscattered light. The radar has been used with a microcomputer to find the orientation and rotation speed of a spinning disk at an arbitrary position in the field of view.
Ultrawide-band coherent processing (1999)

In this paper, we develop an approach for estimating the ultrawide-band (UWB) radar signature of a target by using sparse subband measurements. First, we determine the parameters of an appropriate signal model that best fits the measured data. Next, the fitted signal model is used to interpolate between and extrapolate outside of the measurement subbands. Standard pulse-compression methods are then applied to provide superresolved range profiles of the target. The algorithm can automatically compensate for lack of mutual coherence between the radar subbands, providing the potential for UWB processing of real-world radar data collected by separate wide-band radars, because the processing preserves the phase distribution across the measured and estimated subbands, extended coherent processing can be applied to the UWB compressed radar pulses to generate superresolved radar images of the target. Applications of this approach to static test range and field data show promising results.
Super-resolution ultrasound imaging using a phase-coherent MUSIC method with compensation for the phase response of transducer elements (2013)

Time-reversal with multiple signal classification (TR-MUSIC) is an imaging method for locating point-like targets beyond the classic resolution limit. In the presence of noise, however, the super-resolution capability of TR-MUSIC is diminished. Recently a new method, phase-coherent MUSIC (PC-MUSIC), was developed. This algorithm modifies TR-MUSIC to make use of phase information from multiple frequencies to reduce noise effects and preserve the super resolution. PC-MUSIC however, ignores the phase response of the transducer elements. In this paper, we account for the phase response of the transducer elements in the derivation of the PC-MUSIC algorithm. Unfortunately, the phase response of the transducer elements may not be known beforehand. We develop an experimental method to estimate this response using measured signals scattered from a glass microsphere embedded in a tissue-mimicking phantom with a homogeneous background medium of a known sound speed. We use numerical simulations to illustrate that the maximum resolution achieved with PC-MUSIC is limited by the transducer bandwidth and the signal-to-noise ratio. We perform experiments on tissue-mimicking phantoms and compare images obtained with different imaging modalities, including X-ray mammography, synthetic-aperture ultrasound imaging, TR-MUSIC, and PC-MUSIC. We demonstrate the significantly improved resolving power of PC-MUSIC.
A qualitative approach to classifying head and eye pose (2002)

The goal of this work is to classify the focus of attention of a subject who is switching his or her attention between a number of surrounding objects. The specific application is to classify, the focus of attention of a car driver as straightahead, towards the dashboard, or towards one of the mirrors. A quantitative approach to this problem requires (a) a priori information about the interior geometry of the car and the calibration of the camera, and (b) accurate computation of the subject's location and eye direction. This paper describes an alternative, qualitative, approach. The driver is observed over an extended period of time, and frequently occurring view directions are identified . Each of the frequent view directions is associated with its most likely target-dashboard, rear-view mirror etc. The head pose of the driver in any subsequent image is then classified by relating it to one of these labelled view directions. The head pose classification is augmented with a qualitative measurement of the eye pose.
Adjustable open-split interface for gas chromatography/mass spectrometry providing solvent diversion and invariant ion source pressure (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdjustable open-split interface for gas chromatography/mass spectrometry providing solvent diversion and invariant ion source pressureWoodfin V. Ligon and Hans. GradeCite this: Anal. Chem. 1991, 63, 20, 2386–2390Publication Date (Print):October 15, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 October 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00020a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00020a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views39Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Enzymatic hydrolysis of soy protein for nutritional fortification of low pH food. (1978)

Enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins is an attractive means of obtaining the changes in the functional properties often necessary for incorporating the protein in low pH food, e.g. soft drinks. The main problem associated with protein hydrolysis is the welldel-known formation of bitter-tasting peptides. The bitterness seems to be related to a too high degree of hydrolysis (DH). DH is defined as the percentage of cleaved peptide bonds and serves as the controlling parameter for the hydrolysis process. The choice of hydrolysis parameters is briefly discussed in relation to studies on the hydrolysis kinetics which in many respects can be described by classical enzyme kinetics. Several pilot plant productions of isoelectric soluble soy protein hydrolyzates have been carried out using soy isolate or soy concentrate as the raw material. The preferred enzyme for this type of hydrolysis is Alcalase 0.6 L, a food-grade liquid preparation of subtilism Carlsberg. The chosen hydrolysis parameters are : Substrate conc. : 8 per cent protein (N x 6.25). Enzyme-substrate ratio : 2 per cent. pH : 8.0. Temperature : 50 degrees C. The optimal DH value with regard to taste seems to be 10 per cent, corresponding to about 2 hours' hydrolysis time. The hydrolysis is terminated by the addition of citric or malic acids until pH reaches a value of 4.2. Separation of the supernatant from the unconverted protein is carried out in a continuous, solids-ejecting centrifuge. Preliminary rat trials show a satisfactory nutritional quality of the hydrolyzates. Possible end-uses for soy protein hydrolyzates are briefly discussed.
High Resolution Subsurface 3D SAR Imaging Using Robotic Bi-Static Transceivers (2019)

In this paper, a novel subsurface imaging technique for fast and high-resolution imaging of buried targets and subsurface features is introduced. The method employs synthetic aperture (SAR) technique to coherently process data collected at different locations within the imaging area and form a large 2D synthetic aperture to achieve high lateral resolution using small size antennas, eliminating the need for large antenna arrays required in high-resolution conventional ground penetrating radar (GPR) systems. The method only requires a pair of a transmitter and a moving receiver in a bi-static configuration to sample scattered fields from the ground to create 3D image of the subsurface environment. The small size of a special antenna for this system enables mounting of transceivers on robots or drones for autonomous data collection. Simulation and measurement results show that unlike GPR systems that require time consuming process of sampling the scattered fields on a grid, the new method requires a small number of samples on a circle to provide image of subsurface features within the entire circular area.
Abstract 2850: Characterization of cadherin 6 as a novel therapeutic target in metastatic ovarian carcinoma (2019)

Abstract Cadherin 6 (CDH6) is a type II cadherin containing a RGD motif in a similar way to LI-cadherin (CDH17) and VE-cadherin (CDH5), which are able to activate α2β1 integrin signalling to promote lung and liver metastasis. CDH6 gene is frequently overexpressed in late stages of some types of ovarian carcinoma, clear cell renal carcinoma, renal papillary carcinoma and thyroid cancers. Therefore, as reported for CDH17 and CDH5, we hypothesized that CDH6 might be a potential therapeutic target for metastatic ovarian cancer. Indeed, an “in silico” analysis revealed a significant association between CDH6 expression, tumour stage and poor survival in renal and ovarian cancer patients. We confirmed a high CDH6 expression in ovarian cancer cell lines, although with significant differences in cell surface availability, as determined by flow cytometry. In addition, we noticed a variable α2β1 integrin expression in the same cell lines. Indeed, CDH6 RGD peptide caused β1 integrin activation in OVCAR3 cells but not in SKOV-3, suggesting the existence of alternative mechanisms. In this regard, as CDH6 has been reported to be a αIIbβ3 integrin ligand in platelets, we investigated and confirmed the expression of αIIbβ3 integrin in SKOV3 but not in OVCAR3 cells. Remarkably, CDH6 was able to activate αIIbβ3 integrin in SKOV3 cells. Moreover, silencing of CDH6 or β3 integrin triggered a significant loss of prometastatic traits in ovarian cells, such as cell adhesion, migration, invasion and proliferation. Signalling pathway analysis demonstrated that β3 integrin activation was triggering the phosphorylation of AKT and SRC, but not FAK, promoting cell invasion. Finally, treatment with monoclonal antibodies against the cadherin RGD motif inhibited the metastatic behaviour in ovarian cancer cell lines “in vitro”. Experiments with metastatic mouse models to confirm the inhibitory capacity of cadherin RGD-specific monoclonal antibodies are in progress. In summary, these findings suggest that CDH6 RGD motif could activate α2β1 or αIIbβ3 integrins, according to the cell context, and be targeted to avoid metastatic dissemination and cancer progression in those ovarian tumours overexpressing CDH6. Citation Format: Miranda Burdiel, Ruben Bartolomé, Marta Jaén, Ignacio Casal. Characterization of cadherin 6 as a novel therapeutic target in metastatic ovarian carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2850.