gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The muscle twitch in myofascial pain relief: effects of acupuncture and other needling methods. (2003)

Proposed is that needling methods such as acupuncture, primarily effect pain relief in myofascial pain through a local mechanism, elicitation of muscle twitches. Occasionally, diagnostic needling procedures such as electromyography (EMG) can relieve such pain through insertional intramuscular movements of the needle electrode. This results in stimulation of the motor end-plate zones (MEPZs), eliciting muscle twitches. As needle elicitation of muscle twitches is a common diagnostic technique to identify myofascial trigger points (MTrPs), muscle twitches elicited at such points may be therapeutic, not just diagnostic. Occasionally evoked small local muscle twitches are observed in pain relieving methods using needle penetration or manipulation, such as classical or electrical acupuncture and intramuscular stimulation (IMS). Twitch elicitation has been observed to be essential to obtain myofascial pain relief associated with the needling methods of automated and electrical twitch-obtaining intramuscular stimulation (ATOIMS and ETOIMS). These two methods facilitate the elicitation of larger force twitches by mechanical or electrical stimulation respectively at motor end-plate zones.
Platinum monolayer electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction: Effect of substrates, and long-term stability (2005)

We describe a novel concept for a Pt monolayer electrocatalyst and present the results of our electrochemical, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and scanning tunneling microscopy studies. The electrocatalysts were prepared by a new method for depositing Pt monolayers involving the galvanic displacement by Pt of an under potentially deposited Cu monolayer on substrates of Au (111), Ir(111), Pd(111), Rh(111) and Ru(0001) single crylstals, and Pd nanoparticles. The kinetics of O2 reduction showed significant enhancement with Pt monolayers on Pd(111) and Pd nanoparticle surfaces in comparisonwith the reaction on Pt(111) and Pt nanoparticles, respectively. This increase in catalytic activity is attributed partly to the decreased formation of PtOH, as shown by in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The results illustrate that placing a Pt monolayer on a suitable substrate of metal nanoparticles is an attractive way of designing better O2 reduction electrocatalysts with very low Pt contents.
Detection Of MYD88 L265P In Peripheral Blood Of Patients With Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia and IgM Monoclonal Gammopathy Of Undetermined Significance (2013)

Abstract Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM) is characterized by bone marrow (BM) infiltration with lymphoplasmacytic cells and production of an IgM paraprotein. Lymphocytosis is uncommon in WM, and many patients exhibit peripheral B-cell lymphopenia. Recently, by whole genome sequencing, we identified a highly recurrent somatic mutation (L265P) in MYD88. Using real-time allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR), we demonstrated the presence of MYD88 L265P in 93% and 54% of patients with WM and IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), respectively (Xu et al, Blood 2013). To clarify the feasibility of using real-time AS-PCR assay to detect MYD88 L265P in peripheral blood, we first examined unselected mononuclear cells from peripheral blood (PB) samples of 88 patients with untreated WM. 81/88 (92%) of these patients were MYD88 L265P positive by bone marrow (BM) examination of CD19 selected B-cells; Of the 81 BM-MYD88 L265P positive patients, 32 (40%) demonstrated MYD88 L265P by AS-PCR in unselected PB mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained at the time of BM examination. To enhance the ability to detect MYD88 L265P in PB samples, we next used AS-PCR in CD19 selected PBMC obtained from 198 WM patients which included untreated and previously treated patients. Among untreated patients, 106/118 (89.8%) were positive for MYD88 L265P in CD19 selected PB, whereas among previously treated patients, 55/80 (68.8%) were positive for MYD88 L265P (p=0.0002 vs. untreated). Simultaneously analyzed PB and BM samples from 65 untreated WM patients demonstrated positivity for MYD88 L265P in 58/65 (89.2%) and 55/65 (84.6%) of CD19 selected BM and PB samples, respectively. These findings yielded a sensitivity of 94.8%, specificity of 100%, positive and negative predictive values of 100% and 70%, respectively for AS-PCR testing of PB CD19+ cells for MYD88 L265P in untreated WM patients. In addition, we analyzed 12 untreated IgM MGUS patients with paired sampling of CD19 selected PB and BM cells. 6/12 (50%) IgM MGUS patients were positive for MYD88 L265P in BM CD19+ cells, with 5/6 (83%) of these positive patients demonstrating MYD88 L265P by AS-PCR in CD19 selected PB samples. The overall results demonstrate a high concordance of MYD88 L265P status between PB and BM CD19 selected samples, particularly in untreated WM patients. The detection of MYD88 L265P by CD19 selected PB AS-PCR examination provides a convenient and less invasive method to support the diagnosis of WM and IgM MGUS. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Simultaneous achievement of high ethanol yield and titer in Clostridium thermocellum (2016)

A two step selection method successfully improved the ethanol yield and the titer. This evolved strain has the highest ethanol yield and titer reported to date for C. thermocellum, and is an important step in the development of this microbe for industrial applications.
Cloning and Characterization of cDNA Coding for a New Allergen from the House Dust Mite, <i>Dermatophagoides farinae</i> (1994)

A cDNA clone encoding a new allergen from the Dermatophagoides farinae cDNA lambda gt11 library was isolated and sequenced. There was no amino acid sequence homology with other known allergens. The gene product, beta-galactosidase fusion protein, of the truncated cDNA on blot reacted with IgE in 13 of 43 sera from patients allergic to mites. The affinity-purified fusion protein had a potent ability to release histamine from washed blood cells of the mite-allergic patients. Human specific IgE eluted from the fusion protein band on blots recognized a 39-kD component on blots of a mite body extract.
<title>New autostereoscopic display system</title> (1995)

This paper presents a new autostereoscopic display system based on conventional Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display technology giving bright, high quality, full color and high resolution 3D images over a wide viewing range without special glasses. In addition, 3D image look-around and multiple viewers are possible. Methods of obtaining improved image quality are described as well as interfacing with conventional video and computer image generation sources. The system is suitable for a number of professional and domestic 3D applications.
Single-shot super-resolution total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (2017)

Abstract We demonstrate a simple method for combining instant structured illumination microscopy (SIM) with total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRF), doubling the spatial resolution of TIRF (down to 115 +/-13 nm) and enabling imaging frame rates up to 100 Hz over hundreds of time points. We apply instant TIRF-SIM to multiple live samples, achieving rapid, high contrast super-resolution imaging in close proximity to the coverslip surface.
Fourier-transform spectroscopy using liquid-crystal technology (1997)

We report the use of a ferroelectric liquid-crystal (FLC) mask as an optical encoder for development of a solid-state Fourier-transform spectrometer. For this demonstration a 1x64 element array was striped and used as a 1x4 element device. The device intersected dispersed radiation and encoded each spectral component with a carrier signal by applying half-wave potential to each of the four striped (1x16) FLC elements, which varied the transmitted amplitude of the light from 0.03% to 28% of full scale. The light was spectrally recombined and imaged onto a photomultiplier and the resulting carriers (and their amplitudes) detected by Fourier transformation of the time-varying signal. Spectra of colored-glass filters were taken to demonstrate the possibilities of the instrument.
The Effect of Bit Type on Reactive Torque and Consequent Toolface Control Anomalies (2015)

Abstract The oil and gas drilling industry has developed a large body of knowledge about methods for drilling directional wells with steerable motors. Experience indicates that more aggressive drill bits are harder to steer. This is commonly attributed to the fact that bits with higher aggressivity produce larger torque changes for a given change in bit weight. The actual mechanics, however, of toolface disorientation during slide events is poorly understood. This paper reports on tests conducted on a full-size drill rig aimed at understanding the mechanics of toolface control. Toolface orientation and other data were measured downhole at 100 Hz. Nine different bits ranging from PDC to hybrid to roller-cone bits were tested on a motor/AKO BHA in slide mode. These tests confirm the common industry notions about the effect of aggressivity on toolface control. They also show that angular motion of the BHA while sliding is overdamped. Toolface orientation consequently follows the average of the torque signal generated by the bit. Furthermore, the toolface orientation is more easily disoriented by a torque signal at a frequency near or less than the natural frequency of the drillstring. PDC bits excite this more readily than bits with rolling cones. We also identify a toolface disorientation anomaly which we call a fast torque anomaly (FTA). FTAs occur because the bent motor/AKO has a preferred angular orientation in the borehole. FTAs have not been previously recognized, probably because they are not identifiable in mud-pulse signals. A BHA suffering FTAs would simply appear as a chaotic and profound loss of toolface control in mud-pulse data. Hybrid and roller-cone bits caused fewer FTAs than PDC bits.
Method of analyzing vibrations from a drilling bit in a borehole (1989)

First Page
Diamond Formation by Reduction of Carbon Dioxide at Low Temperatures (2003)

This Communication reports a low-temperature diamond synthesis technique, in which diamonds (10-250 mum) can form at a temperature as low as 440 degrees C by reduction of dense CO2 with metallic Na. The X-ray diffraction pattern of a powder sample shows three reflection peaks, indexed with 111, 220, and 311, corresponding unambiguously to cubic diamond. The Raman spectrum of the product exhibits an intense first-order peak at 1332 cm-1, which is the characteristic signature of the cubic diamond, indicating the formation of well-crystallized diamond. Carbon dioxide is a nontoxic low-energy molecule, abundant on earth. This novel reduction method could allow studies of large-size diamond growth using CO2 as the carbon source.
Starch-Based Film for Degradable Agricultural Mulch (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleStarch-Based Film for Degradable Agricultural MulchFelix H. Otey, Arthur M. Mark, Charles L. Mehltretter, and Charles R. RussellCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1974, 13, 1, 90–92Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i360049a018https://doi.org/10.1021/i360049a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views664Altmetric-Citations104LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Ligands for Glaucoma-Associated Myocilin Discovered by a Generic Binding Assay (2013)

Mutations in the olfactomedin domain of myocilin (myoc-OLF) are the strongest link to inherited primary open angle glaucoma. In this recently identified protein misfolding disorder, aggregation-prone disease variants of myocilin hasten glaucoma-associated elevation of intraocular pressure, leading to vision loss. Despite its well-documented pathogenic role, myocilin remains a domain of unknown structure or function. Here we report the first small-molecule ligands that bind to the native state of myoc-OLF. To discover these molecules, we designed a general label-free, mix-and-measure, high throughput chemical assay for restabilization (CARS), which is likely readily adaptable to discover ligands for other proteins. Of the 14 hit molecules identified from screening myoc-OLF against the Sigma-Aldrich Library of Pharmacologically Active Compounds using CARS, surface plasmon resonance binding studies reveal three are stoichiometric ligand scaffolds with low micromolar affinity. Two compounds, GW5074 and apigenin, inhibit myoc-OLF amyloid formation in vitro. Structure-activity relationship-based soluble derivatives reduce aggregation in vitro as well as enhance secretion of full-length mutant myocilin in a cell culture model. Our compounds set the stage for a new chemical probe approach to clarify the biological function of wild-type myocilin and represent lead therapeutic compounds for diminishing intracellular sequestration of toxic mutant myocilin.
An Approximate Communication Framework for Network-on-Chips (2020)

Current multi-/many-core systems spend large amounts of time and power transmitting data across on-chip interconnects. This problem is aggravated when data-intensive applications, such as machine learning and pattern recognition, are executed in these systems. Recent studies show that some data-intensive applications can tolerate modest errors, thus opening a new design dimension, namely, trading result quality for better system performance. In this article, we explore application error tolerance and propose an approximate communication framework to reduce the power consumption and latency of network-on-chips (NoCs). The proposed framework incorporates a quality control method and a data approximation mechanism to reduce the packet size to decrease network power consumption and latency. The quality control method automatically identifies the error-resilient variables that can be approximated during transmission and calculates their error thresholds based on the quality requirements of the application by analyzing the source code. The data approximation method includes a lightweight lossy compression scheme, which significantly reduces packet size when the error-resilient variables are transmitted. This framework results in fewer flits in each data packet and reduces traffic in NoCs while guaranteeing the quality requirements of applications. Our cycle-accurate simulation using the AxBench benchmark suite shows that the proposed approximate communication framework achieves 62 percent latency reduction and 43 percent dynamic power reduction compared to previous approximate communication techniques while ensuring 95 percent result quality.
Simulating the sensing of building occupancy (2013)

Accurate building occupancy information can be beneficial in minimizing energy use by improving the intelligence of a Building Automation System (BAS) and helping designers predict the effect of different design options on occupant behavior. However, current occupancy measurements are quite inaccurate due to limitations in sensing technology and the resulting discrepancies between sensor data and what actually happens. In this paper we explore the use of simulation to model occupant behavior in combination with motion sensors to be able to study the relationship between known and measured occupant behavior. An extensible occupancy model, influenced by computational cognitive science and implemented using established modeling conventions is presented along with a simple experiment comparing the effects of different sensor density levels.
Tumor-Derived Lactate Modifies Antitumor Immune Response: Effect on Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and NK Cells (2013)

In this study, we explore the hypothesis that enhanced production of lactate by tumor cells, because of high glycolytic activity, results in inhibition of host immune response to tumor cells. Lactate dehydrogenase-A (LDH-A), responsible for conversion of pyruvate to lactate, is highly expressed in tumor cells. Lentiviral vector-mediated LDH-A short hairpin RNA knockdown Pan02 pancreatic cancer cells injected in C57BL/6 mice developed smaller tumors than mice injected with Pan02 cells. A decrease occurred in the frequency of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the spleens of mice carrying LDH-A-depleted tumors. NK cells from LDH-A-depleted tumors had improved cytolytic function. Exogenous lactate increased the frequency of MDSCs generated from mouse bone marrow cells with GM-CSF and IL-6 in vitro. Lactate pretreatment of NK cells in vitro inhibited cytolytic function of both human and mouse NK cells. This reduction of NK cytotoxic activity was accompanied by lower expression of perforin and granzyme in NK cells. The expression of NKp46 was decreased in lactate-treated NK cells. These studies strongly suggest that tumor-derived lactate inhibits NK cell function via direct inhibition of cytolytic function as well as indirectly by increasing the numbers of MDSCs that inhibit NK cytotoxicity. Depletion of glucose levels using a ketogenic diet to lower lactate production by glycolytic tumors resulted in smaller tumors, decreased MDSC frequency, and improved antitumor immune response. These studies provide evidence for an immunosuppressive role of tumor-derived lactate in inhibiting innate immune response against developing tumors via regulation of MDSC and NK cell activity.
Input-polarisation scanning technique for overcoming polarisation-induced signal fading in interferometric fibre sensors (1988)

Results of theoretical and experimental studies are presented, which show that polarisation-induced signal fading, caused by random polarisation fluctuations in an interferometric sensor, can be overcome by interrogating the sensor at three pre-defined input SOPs.
BIOPULPING: SEVEN YEARS OF CONSORTIA RESEARCH (1994)

This paper provides an overview and status report of a 7-year research effort conducted under the auspices of two sequential consortia involving the Forest Products Laboratory of the USDA Forest Service, the Universities of Wisconsin and Minnesota, and industry. The ultimate objective of the research is to evaluate the technical feasibility of biopulping, defined here as the treatment of wood with lignin-degrading fungi prior to pulping. Research to date has focused on mechanical pulping of loblolly pine and aspen (primarily on energy savings) and paper properties. Results have been promising. Pretreatment of wood chips with appropriate fungi results in significant energy savings during refining and improvement of paper strength properties. Optical properties are diminished, but they can be restored with peroxide bleaching. Current efforts are focused on engineering and scale-up for economic evaluations.
Analytical Expressions for High-Frequency VLSI Interconnect Impedance Extraction in the Presence of a Multilayer Conductive Substrate (2009)

We propose an efficient method to accurately compute the frequency-dependent impedance of VLSI interconnects in the presence of multilayer conductive substrates. The resulting accuracy (errors less than 3%) and CPU time reduction (more than an order of magnitude) emerge from three different ingredients: a 2-D Green's function approach with the correct quasi-static limit, a modified discrete complex images approximation to the Green's function, and a continuous dipole expansion to evaluate the magnetic vector potential at the short distances that are relevant to VLSI interconnects. This approach permits the evaluation of the self-impedance and mutual-impedance of multi-conductor current loops, including substrate effects, in terms of easily computable analytical expressions that involve their relative separations and the electromagnetic parameters of the multilayer substrate.
High-Efficiency High-Power-Density LLC Converter With an Integrated Planar Matrix Transformer for High-Output Current Applications (2017)

Isolated high-output current DC/DC converters are critical for future data center power architecture. LLC converters with matrix transformer are suitable for these applications due to its high efficiency and high power density. Different matrix transformer structures are investigated in this paper. To improve the current design practice, a high-frequency transformer loss model is developed and a detailed design methodology is proposed. Moreover, a novel matrix transformer structure is proposed to integrate four elemental transformers into one magnetic core with simple four-layer print circuit board windings implementation and further reduced core loss. By pushing switching frequency up to megahertz with GaN devices, the proposed matrix transformer can achieve high efficiency, high power density, and automatic manufacturing for magnetic components. A 1-MHz 380 V/12 V 800-W LLC converter with GaN devices is demonstrated. The prototype achieves a peak efficiency of 97.6% and a power density of 900 W/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> .
Data-driven diffuse-specular separation of spherical gradient illumination (2009)

Separation of the diffuse and specular components of observed reflectance has been an active area of research in computer graphics and vision, with major applications in reflectance modeling and scene analysis. Traditionally, researchers have investigated diffusespecular separation under point or directional illumination conditions while employing polarization and, in the case of dielectric materials, color space analysis techniques. Recently, Ma et al. [2007] introduced a technique for estimating high quality diffuse and specular normals and albedo maps (see Fig. 1, (a) & (d)) of a specular object using polarized spherical gradient illumination. However, the employed polarization technique imposes view-point restriction, and results in insufficient light levels for performance capture with high speed acquisition. Hence, in this work, we look into an alternate diffuse-specular separation technique for spherical gradients based on a data-driven reflectance model. Traditional separation techniques based on color space analysis focus on removing specular reflections from the observation for scene analysis [Mallick et al. 2005]. In contrast, we focus on obtaining high quality estimates of both the diffuse and the specular reflectance components.