gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Steady-state analysis of auditory evoked potentials over a wide range of stimulus repetition rates: Profile in adults (2011)

The analysis methods used in this paper may give information that will have application for clinical testing. Of pragmatic importance is that the rate profile could be determined without subjective wave identification and/or interpretation, and thus by a method that is inherently more objective than conventional AEP tests.
Diffusion barrier properties of tungsten nitride films grown by atomic layer deposition from bis(<i>tert</i>-butylimido)bis(dimethylamido)tungsten and ammonia (2003)

Highly uniform, smooth, and conformal coatings of tungsten nitride (WN) were synthesized by atomic layer deposition (ALD) from vapors of bis(tert-butylimido)bis(dimethylamido)tungsten and ammonia. The films are shiny, silver colored, and electrically conducting. The films were amorphous as deposited. 100% step coverage was obtained inside holes with aspect ratios greater than 40:1. WN films as thin as 1.5 nm proved to be good barriers to diffusion of copper for temperatures up to 600 °C. Annealing for 30 min at temperatures above 725 °C converted the WN to pure, polycrystalline tungsten metal. ALD of copper onto the surface of the WN produced strongly adherent copper films that could be used as “seed” layers for chemical vapor deposition or electrodeposition of thicker copper coatings.
Diagnostic modalities for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and associated fibrosis (2017)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a spectrum comprised of isolated steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), advanced fibrosis, and cirrhosis. The majority of NAFLD subjects do not have NASH and do not carry a significant risk for liver-related adverse outcomes (cirrhosis and mortality). Globally, the prevalence of NAFLD is approximately 25%. In Asia, a gradient of high to low prevalence rates is noted from urban to rural areas. Given the prevalence of NAFLD, the clinical and economic burden of NAFLD and NASH can be substantial. With increasing recognition of NASH as an important liver disease, the diagnosis of NASH still requires a liver biopsy that is suboptimal. Although liver biopsy is the most accurate modality to diagnose and stage the severity of NASH, this method suffers from being invasive, costly, associated with potential complications, and plagued with interobserver variability of individual pathological features. A number of noninvasive modalities to diagnose NASH and stage liver fibrosis are being developed. These modalities include predictive models (NAFLD fibrosis score) and serum biomarkers such as enhanced liver fibrosis (ELF). Other tests are based on radiological techniques, such as transient elastography (TE) or magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), which are used to estimate liver stiffness as a potential surrogate of hepatic fibrosis. Although a dynamic field of research, most of these diagnostic modalities have area under the curve ranging between 0.76 and 0.90%, with MRE having the best predictive performance. In summary, developing safe and easily accessible noninvasive modalities to accurately diagnose and monitor NASH and associated fibrosis is of utmost importance in clinical practice and clinical research. These tests are not only important to risk stratify subjects at the greatest risk for progressive liver disease, but also to serve as appropriate surrogate endpoints for therapeutic clinical trials of NASH. (Hepatology 2018;68:349-360).
Peptide-Based Supramolecular Semiconductor Nanomaterials via Pd-Catalyzed Solid-Phase “Dimerizations” (2012)

We report a streamlined method for the synthesis of peptides embedded with complex and easily variable π-conjugated oligomeric subunits from commercially available precursors. These modified peptides self-assemble under aqueous conditions to form one-dimensional nanomaterials containing networks of π-stacked conduits, despite the inclusion of π-conjugated oligomers with quadrupoles extended over larger areas. The procedure has circumvented solubility and other synthetic issues to allow for the facile formation of a diverse library of bioelectronic nanomaterials, including a complex sexithiophene-containing peptide whose nanostructures display gate-induced conductivity within field effect transistors.
Expanding the Landscape of Diterpene Structural Diversity through Stereochemically Controlled Combinatorial Biosynthesis (2016)

Plant-derived diterpenoids serve as important pharmaceuticals, food additives, and fragrances, yet their low natural abundance and high structural complexity limits their broader industrial utilization. By mimicking the modularity of diterpene biosynthesis in plants, we constructed 51 functional combinations of class I and II diterpene synthases, 41 of which are "new-to-nature". Stereoselective biosynthesis of over 50 diterpene skeletons was demonstrated, including natural variants and novel enantiomeric or diastereomeric counterparts. Scalable biotechnological production for four industrially relevant targets was accomplished in engineered strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Laboratory Experiments With an Optical Instrument For Measuring, Recording And Imaging Washover (2003)

Washover is the condition of occasional, partial or complete inundation of the surface of a body floating in water. Washover is typically caused by wave and wind action. A knowledge of the 3-dimensional spatial and temporal parameters of seawater washover of towed bodies, fixed and free drifting buoys, and other maritime powered, tethered and free-floating bodies is extremely helpful in understanding and improving their hydrostatic and hydrodynamic performance under a wide variety of sea states. Here we discuss the theory, implementation and initial testing of a newly developed fiber-optic-based method for 3-D spatial and temporal detection, measurement and visualization of washover (patent pending). This system is intended to provide real-time 3-D spatial and temporal detection, measurement and visualization of washover in freshwater, seawater, and possibly other transparent or translucent fluids. The system permits simultaneous, noninteracting measurements of temporal and spatial washover dynamics, along with measurements of water wave/electromagnetic interaction measurements for near-sea-surface antennas. Data can be acquired and displayed in real time, as well as stored for post-processing and analysis. The principles of the system have been bench tested and show promise for open-ocean washover testing of nearsea-surface buoyant towed bodies. In addition, temporal and spatial optical-based washover measurement is expected to provide an empirically based benchmarking process for computational fluid dynamic assessments of turbulent flow around arbitrarily shaped surface-towed or self-propelled bodies.
Unique Aspects of a Shape Memory Polymer As the Substrate for Surface Wrinkling (2012)

Typical bilayer wrinkle systems employ soft elastomers as the substrates. In contrast, shape memory polymers have recently emerged as attractive alternatives. Besides the shape fixing capability, shape memory polymers distinguish from elastomers in that they are rigid at room temperature, but experience significant modulus drop upon heating. We hereby report unique aspects of shape memory polymers as the wrinkle substrate utilizing a metallic thin film as the top layer. The feasibility to create both reversible and irreversible wrinkles (and diffraction colors) on a single substrate is demonstrated. Experimental conditions are identified to create crack free wrinkles and the impact of various experimental parameters on the wrinkle wavelength and amplitude is investigated. The results suggest that the wrinkle mechanics deviate notably from the existing theories established with elastomers as the wrinkle substrates. Thus, a new theory will need to be developed in the future, taking into account of unique thermomechanical properties of the shape memory substrate and possible plastic deformation of the thin film.
Shed syndecan-2 inhibits angiogenesis (2014)

Angiogenesis is essential for the development of a normal vasculature, tissue repair and reproduction, and also has roles in the progression of diseases such as cancer and rheumatoid arthritis. The heparan sulphate proteoglycan syndecan-2 is expressed on mesenchymal cells in the vasculature and, like the other members of its family, can be shed from the cell surface resulting in the release of its extracellular core protein. The purpose of this study was to establish whether shed syndecan-2 affects angiogenesis. We demonstrate that shed syndecan-2 regulates angiogenesis by inhibiting endothelial cell migration in human and rodent models and, as a result, reduces tumour growth. Furthermore, our findings show that these effects are mediated by the protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor CD148 (also known as PTPRJ) and this interaction corresponds with a decrease in active β1 integrin. Collectively, these data demonstrate an unexplored pathway for the regulation of new blood vessel formation and identify syndecan-2 as a therapeutic target in pathologies characterised by angiogenesis.
Electrically driven and electrically tunable quantum light sources (2017)

Compact and electrically controllable on-chip sources of indistinguishable photons are desirable for the development of integrated quantum technologies. We demonstrate that two quantum dot light emitting diodes (LEDs) in close proximity on a single chip can function as a tunable, all-electric quantum light source. Light emitted by an electrically excited driving LED is used to excite quantum dots in the neighbouring diode. The wavelength of the quantum dot emission from the neighbouring driven diode is tuned via the quantum confined Stark effect. We also show that we can electrically tune the fine structure splitting.
Pulse-driven Induction-type Electrostatic Film Actuator. (1997)

A thin electrostatic linear actuator using plastic films has been developed. The film actuator consists of two sheets, a stator embedded with three-phase striped electrodes and a slider coated with a slightly conductive material. First, voltages are applied on the stator electrodes to induce electric charges on the slider. Then, pulse voltages are applied to generate propulsive force and have the slider traverse on the stator. The stator sheet has been fabricated by forming 240 [μm] pitched copper lines on a polyimide film and covering them with a polyimide film. As the slider sheet, a 12 [μm] PET film coated with mixture of polyurethane and carbon particles has been used. Total thickness and mass are 120 [μm] and 0.35 [g], respectively. This actuator produced 0.16 [N] propulsive force and 1.6 [mW] output power at 800 [V] driving voltage. The film actuator is expected to be used in variety of applications such as display devices, thin material conveyers, or powerful artificial muscles.
A comparison of cellular vehicle-to-everything and dedicated short range communication (2017)

Vehicle to Everything (V2X) communication, which involves vehicles disseminating information about its type, location and movement are known to help increasing road safety. At physical layer, there are two main solutions: 1) Dedicated Short Range Communication, which is based on IEEE 802.11p standard and 2) Cellular V2X, which is a recent development in 3GPP LTE standard to support V2X use case. In this paper, we provide our comparison of the performance of the two aforementioned technologies at both link level and system level. Based on this study, one can see that Cellular V2X provides significant improvement over Dedicated Short Range Communication in terms of communication range, without suffering in other aspects. This improvement is equivalent to longer reaction time and more lives saved in the road.
Organization of data for monochromatic multiplex volume holography (1996)

We derive the relationships for coded wave fronts in volume holography for reference and signal waves coded with two-dimensional wave fronts. We develop estimates for cross talk that is due to grating degeneracy, nonorthogonality, and momentum-mismatch reconstruction. We compare a number of multiplexing techniques on the basis of cross talk and other noise sources in a system.
Response to ibrutinib in a patient with IgG lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma carrying the MYD88 L265P gene mutation (2016)

Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) is characterized by involvement of the bone marrow and other sites by a monoclonal population of B-cells, lymphoplasmacytoid and plasma cells. In over 95% of LPL ca...
Thermoelectric Energy Conversion Technology for High-Altitude Airships (2011)

The High Altitude Airship (HAA) has various application potential and mission scenarios that require onboard energy harvesting and power distribution systems. The power technology for HAA maneuverability and mission-oriented applications must come from its surroundings, e.g. solar power. The energy harvesting system considered for HAA is based on the advanced thermoelectric (ATE) materials being developed at NASA Langley Research Center. The materials selected for ATE are silicon germanium (SiGe) and bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3), in multiple layers. The layered structure of the advanced TE materials is specifically engineered to provide maximum efficiency for the corresponding range of operational temperatures. For three layers of the advanced TE materials that operate at high, medium, and low temperatures, correspondingly in a tandem mode, the cascaded efficiency is estimated to be greater than 60 percent.
Acousto-Optic Adaptive Processing (AOAP). (1983)

Abstract : The conventional approach for implementing adaptive cancellers to reject radar interference is to build a separate electronic loop for each required degree of freedom. The process consists of cross-correlating the radar signal with interference samples received by wide-beamwidth auxiliary antennae. These correlation values are then used to adjust the interference waveforms in amplitude and phase so that a precise subtraction of the offending interference can be accomplished. An optical implementation of such a processor is the subject of the effort described in this report. In the optical configuration which has been developed, the required operations of multiplication and time delay are provided by acousto-optical (AO) delay lines. The required time integration is provided by an image converter having a suitable delay time. In the optical realization, each resolvable optical element along the AO delay lines used as input modulators represents an additional delay time degree of freedom. Thus we find a continuum of correlation weights developed spatially along the delay line. The optical dimension transverse to the direction of acoustic propagation can be used to provide another array dimension.
Synthesis and Properties of the Oligonucleotide N3′ →P5′ Phosphoramidates (1997)

Abstract Uniformly modified oligonucleotide N3′ → P5′ phosphoramidates were synthesized. The prepared N3′ → P5′ phosphoramidates form extremely stable duplexes and triplexes with complementary nucleic acids. Moreover, these compounds are highly resistant to enzymatic hydrolysis by snake venom phosphodiesterase and cellular nucleases and they show high antisense activity in vitro and in vivo.
Virtual edge illumination and one dimensional beam tracking for absorption, refraction, and scattering retrieval (2014)

We propose two different approaches to retrieve x-ray absorption, refraction, and scattering signals using a one dimensional scan and a high resolution detector. The first method can be easily implemented in existing procedures developed for edge illumination to retrieve absorption and refraction signals, giving comparable image quality while reducing exposure time and delivered dose. The second method tracks the variations of the beam intensity profile on the detector through a multi-Gaussian interpolation, allowing the additional retrieval of the scattering signal.
Imide/arylene ether copolymers. I (1991)

The preparation of a series of novel imide/arylene ether copolymers is described together with the results of viscosity and DSC Tg(Tm) measurements. The copolymers were synthesized from an arylene ether block and either an amorphous or semicrystalline imide block. One block copolymer was end-capped, and the molecular weight was controlled to improve compression moldability. The paper also presents results of mechanical properties tests on copolymer samples.
N=4 tri-cellular plan with alternate channel assignment (2002)

This paper presents a family of N=4 and N=3 tri-cellular plans for high density, high capacity cellular networks. The N-4 tri-cellular plan is based on dividing the available channels into 12 or multiples of 12 frequency groups, distributed evenly among 4 tri-cells. The N=3 tri-cellular plan is based on dividing the available channels into 9 or multiples of 9 frequency groups, distributed evenly among 3 tri-cells. The tri-cell is based on three identical cells, driven by a single source. Frequency assignment is based on an ODD/EVEN cyclic and alternate distribution of frequency groups which eliminates adjacent channels, ensuring better adjacent channel performance.
Compact Dual-Band MIMO Antenna with High Isolation Performance (2010)

본 논문에서는 PMP에 적용 가능한 소형의 듀얼 밴드(IEEE 802.11b: 2.4~2.5 GHz, 11a: 5.15~5.825 GHz) 이중 대역 MIMO 안테나를 제안하였다. 제안된 안테나는 2 GHz 대역에서 동작하는 PIFA(평면형 역 F형 안테나)와 5 GHz 대역에서 동작하는 루프(loop) 안테나로 구성되었다. 두 포트의 안테나는 각각 PIFA와 루프로 구성되어져 있으며, 상호 간의 격리도(isolation)를 높이기 위하여 편파 방향과 최대 방사 방향이 서로 수직이 되도록 그라운드 가장자리에 직교(orthogonal) 구조로 배치하였다. 또한, 상관도(correlation) 저감과 더욱 높은 격리도를 얻기 위해, 2 GHz 동작 주파수 대역에서 두 포트의 PIFA가 <TEX>$\lambda_g$</TEX>/4 길이의 선(connecting line)으로 연결되어 있으며, 5 GHz 동작 주파수 대역에서는 그라운드 뒷면에 두 루프 안테나 사이를 연결하는 사다리꼴의 평면(connecting plane)을 이용하였다. 듀얼 밴드 MIMO 안테나는 WLAN 대역에서 충분한 이득을 가지며, PMP(Portable Media Player)에 적용 가능한 소형의 안테나로 설계되었다. A compact dual-band(IEEE 802.11b: 2.4~2.5 GHz, 11a: 5.15~5.825 GHz) 2-channel MIMO antenna for PMP applications is presented. The proposed antenna is composed of a planar inverted F-shape antenna(PIFA) operating at 2 GHz band and a loop antenna operating at 5 GHz band. The proposed antenna is orthogonally arranged at the edge of the ground plane for polarization and pattern diversities with excellent isolation characteristics. The two PIFA antennas operating 2 GHz have connecting line(<TEX>$\lambda_g$</TEX>/4) face to the feed point for high isolation and low correlation at 2 GHz band. The two loop antennas connected each other in the bottom side to improve the isolation at 5 GHz band. The proposed antenna has a sufficient gain in WLAN service band and is compact sized for the portable media player (PMP) applications.
SERA - An Advanced Treatment Planning System for Neutron Therapy (1999)

The technology for computational dosimetry and treatment planning for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) has advanced significantly over the past few years. Because of the more complex nature of the problem, the computational methods that work well for treatment planning in photon radiotherapy are not applicable to BNCT. The necessary methods have, however, been developed and have been successfully employed both for research applications as well as human trials. Computational geometry for BNCT applications can be constructed directly from tomographic medical imagery and computed radiation dose distributions can be readily displayed in formats that are familiar to the radiotherapy community. The SERA system represents a significant advance in several areas for treatment planning. However further improvements in speed and results presentation are still needed for routine clinical applications, particularly when optimizations of dose pattern is required.
Development of Pyrrolo[2,1‐<i>c</i>][1,4]benzodiazepine β‐Galactoside Prodrugs for Selective Therapy of Cancer by ADEPT and PMT (2008)

The pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepines (PBDs) are a class of well-studied DNA-interactive agents with a potential for use in the treatment of cancer. The clinical utility of these molecules is limited because of the lack of selectivity for tumor tissues, high reactivity of the pharmacophoric imine functionality, low water solubility, and stability. To address the shortcomings, especially the lack of selectivity, associated with the molecules, two new beta-galactoside prodrugs of PBDs have been synthesized and evaluated for their potential use in selective therapy of solid tumors by ADEPT and PMT protocols. The preliminary studies reveal the prodrugs to be much less toxic compared to the parent moieties. These prodrugs are activated by E. coli beta-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) to form the active cytotoxic moiety signifying their utility in ADEPT of cancer. One of the significant outcomes of the present study is the toxification of the prodrug 1 a by the endogenous beta-galactosidase of human liver cancer cells (Hep G2) to form the cytotoxic moiety, enabling selective therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Another important property of these molecules is their enhanced water solubility and stability, which are essential for a molecule to be an effective drug.
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis and Development of Novel Camptothecin Drugs (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A 180 MHz multiple-registered DRAM for low-cost 2 MB/chip secondary cache (2002)

A Multiple-registered DRAM is described for 2 MB/chip secondary cache. 64 registers per bank of the RAM enable the data transfer from 64 dynamic memory cells to the registers simultaneously, realizing 180 MHz cache fill operation. The area increase with the architecture is only 5.4% over the conventional DRAM, which contributes to realize low-cost high-performance cache systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Towards fairness and efficiency in storage systems (2007)

Fairness and overall I/O efficiency are two opposing forces when it comes to sharing I/O among different applications. Although providing QoS guarantees for applications sharing a storage server are desirable under many scenarios, existing work has not been able to make a convincing case for using fairness mechanisms for disk scheduling, mainly due to their impact on overall throughout. In this work, we plan to investigate two major issues: (1) study the trade-off between fairness and efficiency, and develop mechanisms to improve the I/O efficiency of fair schedulers (2) provide performance guarantees to applications in terms of higher-level application metrics (such as transactions/sec), by changing the parameters in a fairness algorithm that affect the allocations at the block level.