gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation and Characterization of Brewer's Yeast Variants with Improved Fermentation Performance under High-Gravity Conditions (2006)

To save energy, space, and time, today's breweries make use of high-gravity brewing in which concentrated medium (wort) is fermented, resulting in a product with higher ethanol content. After fermentation, the product is diluted to obtain beer with the desired alcohol content. While economically desirable, the use of wort with an even higher sugar concentration is limited by the inability of brewer's yeast (Saccharomyces pastorianus) to efficiently ferment such concentrated medium. Here, we describe a successful strategy to obtain yeast variants with significantly improved fermentation capacity under high-gravity conditions. We isolated better-performing variants of the industrial lager strain CMBS33 by subjecting a pool of UV-induced variants to consecutive rounds of fermentation in very-high-gravity wort (>22 degrees Plato). Two variants (GT336 and GT344) showing faster fermentation rates and/or more-complete attenuation as well as improved viability under high ethanol conditions were identified. The variants displayed the same advantages in a pilot-scale stirred fermenter under high-gravity conditions at 11 degrees C. Microarray analysis identified several genes whose altered expression may be responsible for the superior performance of the variants. The role of some of these candidate genes was confirmed by genetic transformation. Our study shows that proper selection conditions allow the isolation of variants of commercial brewer's yeast with superior fermentation characteristics. Moreover, it is the first study to identify genes that affect fermentation performance under high-gravity conditions. The results are of interest to the beer and bioethanol industries, where the use of more-concentrated medium is economically advantageous.
Genetic Relationship Between Culling, Milk Production, Fertility, and Health Traits in Norwegian Red Cows (2008)

First-lactation records on 836,452 daughters of 3,064 Norwegian Red sires were used to examine associations between culling in first lactation and 305-d protein yield, susceptibility to clinical mastitis, lactation mean somatic cell score (SCS), nonreturn rate within 56 d in heifers and primiparous cows, and interval from calving to first insemination. A Bayesian multivariate threshold-linear model was used for analysis. Posterior mean of heritability of liability to culling of primiparous cows was 0.04. The posterior means of the genetic correlations between culling and the other traits were -0.41 to 305-d protein yield, 0.20 to lactation mean SCS, 0.36 to clinical mastitis, 0.15 to interval from calving to first insemination, -0.11 to 56-d nonreturn as heifer, and -0.04 to 56-d nonreturn as primiparous cow. As much as 66% of the genetic variation in culling was explained by genetic variation in protein yield, clinical mastitis, interval of calving to first insemination, and 56-d nonreturn in heifers, whereas contribution from the SCS and 56-d nonreturn as primiparous cow was negligible, after taking the other traits into account. This implies that for breeds selected for a broad breeding goal, including functional traits such as health and fertility, most of the genetic variation in culling will probably be covered by other traits in the breeding goal. However, in populations where data on health and fertility is scarce or not available at all, selection against early culling may be useful in indirect selection for improved health and fertility. Regression of average sire posterior mean on birth-year of the sire indicate a genetic change equivalent to an annual decrease of the probability of culling in first-lactation Norwegian Red cattle by 0.2 percentage units. This genetic improvement is most likely a result of simultaneous selection for improved milk yield, health, and fertility over the last decades.
Towards a transcriptome-based theranostic platform for unfavorable breast cancer phenotypes (2016)

Inflammatory breast carcinoma (IBC) is one of the most lethal forms of human breast cancer, and effective treatment for IBC is an unmet clinical need in contemporary oncology. Tumor-targeted theranostic approaches are emerging in precision medicine, but only a few specific biomarkers are available. Here we report up-regulation of the 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) in two independent discovery and validation sets of specimens derived from IBC patients, suggesting translational promise for clinical applications. We show that a GRP78-binding motif displayed on either bacteriophage or adeno-associated virus/phage (AAVP) particles or loop-grafted onto a human antibody fragment specifically targets orthotopic IBC and other aggressive breast cancer models in vivo. To evaluate the theranostic value, we used GRP78-targeting AAVP particles to deliver the human <i>Herpes simplex</i> virus thymidine kinase type-1 (<i>HSVtk</i>) transgene, obtaining simultaneous in vivo diagnosis through PET imaging and tumor treatment by selective activation of the prodrug ganciclovir at tumor sites. Translation of this AAVP system is expected simultaneously to image, monitor, and treat the IBC phenotype and possibly other aggressive (e.g., invasive and/or metastatic) subtypes of breast cancer, based on the inducible cell-surface expression of the stress-response chaperone GRP78, and possibily other cell-surface receptors in human tumors.
Cognitive chaotic UWB-MIMO radar based on nonparametric Bayesian technique (2015)

This work presents a cognitive waveform selection mechanism for chaotic ultra-wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radars. It utilizes the target discrimination capability of a Dirichlet process mixture model (DPMM)-based clustering approach to discriminate individual extended targets and applies a mutual information (MI)-based mechanism to select the best transmission waveform. This joint DPMM-MI cognitive mechanism aims at enhancing target discrimination and detection, showing a 3-dB performance gain in achieving 0.9 target detection probability over conventional MIMO radar waveforms.
Predictors of response and resistance to checkpoint inhibitors in solid tumors (2017)

Checkpoint inhibitors (blocking antibodies to PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4) have proven effective against several tumor types. Unfortunately, only a minority of tumors within each subtype responds, and checkpoint inhibitors can cause significant toxicity. There is a flurry of activity around determining patient and tumor factors of response and resistance to this class of medication. To date, most of the data surrounds mutational burden and amount of PD-L1 staining in pre-treatment samples.
Fine-resolution population mapping using OpenStreetMap points-of-interest (2014)

Data on population at building level is required for various purposes. However, to protect privacy, government population data is aggregated. Population estimates at finer scales can be obtained through areal interpolation, a process where data from a first spatial unit system is transferred to another system. Areal interpolation can be conducted with ancillary data that guide the redistribution of population. For population estimation at the building level, common ancillary data include three-dimensional data on buildings, obtained through costly processes such as LiDAR. Meanwhile, volunteered geographic information (VGI) is emerging as a new category of data and is already used for purposes related to urban management. The objective of this paper is to present an alternative approach for building level areal interpolation that uses VGI as ancillary data. The proposed method integrates existing interpolation techniques, i.e., multi-class dasymetric mapping and interpolation by surface volume integration; data on building footprints and points-of-interest (POIs) extracted from OpenStreetMap (OSM) are used to refine population estimates at building level. A case study was conducted for the city of Hamburg and the results were compared using different types of POIs. The results suggest that VGI can be used to accurately estimate population distribution, but that further research is needed to understand how POIs can reveal population distribution patterns.
Electroactive edge site-enriched nickel–cobalt sulfide into graphene frameworks for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors (2016)

The integrated hybrid architectures composed of edge site-enriched nickel–cobalt sulfide (Ni–Co–S) nanoparticles and graphene as advanced materials for asymmetric supercapacitors are configured, delivering a superb rate capability.
Ion-Exchange Displacement Chromatography of Proteins (1993)

In this chapter we present a steric mass-action (SMA) ion-exchange equilibrium formalism which explicitly accounts for the steric hindrance of salt counter-ions upon protein binding in multicomponent equilibria. A simple method is presented for the rapid calculation of effluent profiles of displaced proteins and induced salt gradients under ideal chromatographic conditions. Theoretical predictions are compared to experimental results in both cation and anion exchange systems. Both the induced salt gradients and the displacement profiles match well with the theoretical predictions. These displacements differ from the traditional vision of displacement in several important ways: the isotherm of the displacer does not lie above the feed component isotherms; the concentrations of displaced proteins exceed the concentration of the displacer; and the induced salt gradient produces different salt microenvironments for each displaced protein. These results demonstrate the ability of the SMA formalism to predict complex behavior present in ion-exchange protein displacement systems. Furthermore, the development of a rapid method for obtaining ideal isotachic displacement profiles with this formalism facilitates methods development and optimization of ion-exchange protein displacement separations.
GAD65-Specific CD4+ T-Cells with High Antigen Avidity Are Prevalent in Peripheral Blood of Patients With Type 1 Diabetes (2004)

Negative selection of self-reactive T-cells during thymic development, along with activation-induced cell death in peripheral lymphocytes, is designed to limit the expansion and persistence of autoreactive T-cells. Autoreactive T-cells are nevertheless present, both in patients with type 1 diabetes and in at-risk subjects. By using MHC class II tetramers to probe the T-cell receptor (TcR) specificity and avidity of GAD65 reactive T-cell clones isolated from patients with type 1 diabetes, we identified high-avidity CD4+ T-cells in peripheral blood, coexisting with low-avidity cells directed to the same GAD65 epitope specificity. A variety of cytokine patterns was observed, even among T-cells with high MHC-peptide avidity, and the clones utilize a biased set of TcR genes that favor two combinations, Valpha12-beta5.1 and Valpha17-Vbeta4. Presence of these high-avidity TcRs indicates a failure to delete autoreactive T-cells that likely arise from oligoclonal expansion in response to autoantigen exposure during the progression of type 1 diabetes.
성폭력 상담기관 종사자의 직무스트레스, 사회적 지지 및 우울과의 관계 - 전국 해바라기센터 종사자 중심으로 - (2015)

Purpose: This study was to assess the relationship between job stress, social support and depression of national of sexual assault counseling agency workers. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between 23 september and 20 October 2014. A total of 181 National of Sexual assault counseling agency workers completed study. Information was obtained on demographic characteristic, job stress, social support and depression. The statistical analysis of the research was done with SPSS 18.0 program. Data were analyzed using reliability analysis, frequency analysis, descriptive statistics method, t-test, variance analysis and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: There was positive correlations between job stress and depression, job stress and social support was a significant negative correlation. But, there was no significant correlations between social support and depression. Conclusion: The results of this study understand job stress, social support and depression of sexual assault counseling agency workers and will be able to provide the basic data needed to develop effective intervention program for managing job stress and depression.
Effects of Cannabinoids on Female Sexual Function (2019)

More research is needed to develop a better understanding of the effects of cannabinoids on female sexual function. There does appear to be an effect on both animals and humans, but whether the effect is positive or negative along dose and species lines requires more study. With the legalization of marijuana occurring in more countries and more US states, there needs to be more well-controlled studies evaluating the effects. Lynn B, Gee A, Zhang L, et al. Effects of Cannabinoids on Female Sexual Function. Sex Med Rev 2020;8:18-27.
Growth of GaAs-Ga1−<i>x</i>Al<i>x</i>As over preferentially etched channels by molecular beam epitaxy: A technique for two-dimensional thin-film definition (1977)

In this paper, studies of the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) of GaAs-Ga1−xAlxAs multilayer structures over preferentially etched channels on GaAs substrates are described. It is found that the growth characteristics with MBE are entirely different from those obtained from similar experiments when LPE is used. Results obtained indicate that this etch-and-fill technique using MBE as the growth process should be particularly useful in fabricating injection lasers, laser arrays, and integrated optics components which require planar definition.
Improvement of column efficiency in MEMS-Based gas chromatography column (2013)

In this paper, micro gas chromatography columns were fabricated through the micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) technique. Two types of columns were designed, namely, open-tube and semi-packed columns. By comparing different structures, column efficiency was improved by embedding square posts in the channel to form a semi-packed column. The result showed that column efficiency of the semi-packed column reached 55 366 plates per m. This study was the first to report based on experimentation that MEMS-based columns can reach a plate number this high. The plate number was five times higher than the value previously reported. In addition, a 30 m-long Agilent HP-5 commercial capillary column was used to compare the results with findings obtained using a MEMS-based semi-packed column. The analytes were perfectly separated in both columns. The column efficiency of the HP-5 capillary column was 5490 plates per m, which was 10 times lower than that of the micro-fabricated, semi-packed column.
Parathyroid Hormone 1-34(Teriparatide) Treatment in Pelvic Insufficiency Fractures - A Report of Two Cases - (2012)

As a result of aging population, the incidence of pelvic insufficiency fracture has been increasing. Pain-related immobility caused by pelvic insufficiency fractures may result in a serious dependency and high mortality with preexisting comorbidities. We present two cases of pelvic insufficiency fracture in elderly patients which had good clinical outcome by parathyroid hormone 1-34(teriparatide) treatment as well as a literature review.
CONTACTLESS AND LESS-CONSTRAINED PALMPRINT RECOGNITION (2014)

Biometric systems consist in the combination of devices, algorithms, and procedures used to recognize the individuals based on the characteristics, physical or behavioral, of their persons. These characteristics are called biometric traits. Nowadays, biometric technologies are becoming more and more widespread, and many people use biometric systems daily. However, in some cases the procedures used for the collection of the biometric traits need the cooperation of the user, controlled environments, illuminations perceived as unpleasant, too strong, or harmful, or the contact of the body with a sensor. For these reasons, techniques for the contactless and less-constrained biometric recognition are being researched, in order to increase the usability and social acceptance of biometric systems, and increase the fields of application of biometric technologies. In this context, the palmprint is a biometric trait whose acquisition is generally well accepted by the users. Moreover, palmprints can be captured using low-cost devices, and even in the case of elder people or manual workers. However, biometric systems based on the palmprint traditionally use contact-based acquisitions, with pegs used to constrain the position of the hand in a specific way. For these reasons, this thesis has the objective of researching innovative methods for the contactless and less-constrained recognition of the palmprint. In particular, the researched methods allow to recognize the individuals without the contact of the hand with any surface, and a metric three-dimensional representation is used to eliminate the need for the user to place his hand in a specific position. The originality of the researched techniques allow to perform an accurate biometric recognition, with a focus on the usability, computational speed, and social acceptance of the system. Moreover, the cost of the final device is also taken into consideration. The novelty of the described method, with respect to similar methods in the literature based on contactless three-dimensional acquisitions, resides in the use of an innovative setup, which has a lower cost and captures the images faster. In particular, innovative multiple view acquisition systems, based on CCD cameras and a led illumination, are designed in order to capture the palmprint samples, and original image processing algorithms are implemented to process the samples. Three-dimensional reconstruction techniques are used in order to achieve a metric representation of the hand, invariant to the pose and orientation. Then, pattern recognition methods are implemented in order to extract and match the distinctive features of the palmprints. The novel methods researched in this thesis obtained a good recognition accuracy, in many cases superior to the most recent approaches in the literature. Moreover, good results were obtained regarding the computational speed, usability and social acceptance of the considered methods.
S100A8 and S100A9 Are Associated with Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in the Heart of Diabetic Mice (2016)

Cardiomyopathy is a clinical problem that occurs in the hearts of type 2 diabetic patients as well as cancer patients undergoing doxorubicin chemotherapy. The number of diabetic cancer patients is increasing but surprisingly the cardiac damaging effects of doxorubicin, a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug, on diabetic hearts have not been well-examined. As the signaling mechanisms of the doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in type 2 diabetic heart are largely unknown, this study examined the molecular signaling pathways that are responsible for the doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in type 2 diabetic hearts. Male 14- to 18-week-old db/db mice were used as the type 2 diabetic model, and age-matched non-diabetic db/+ mice served as controls. The db/+ non-diabetic and db/db diabetic mice were randomly assigned to the following groups: db/+CON, db/+DOX-5d, db/+DOX-7d, db/dbCON, db/dbDOX-5d, and db/dbDOX-7d. Mice assigned to doxorubicin (DOX) group were exposed to an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of DOX at a dose of 15 mg/kg to induce cardiomyopathy. Mice in control (CON) groups were i.p. injected with the same volume of saline instead of DOX. Mice were euthanized by overdose of ketamine and xylazine 5 or 7 days after the DOX injection. Microarray analysis was adopted to examine the changes of the whole transcriptional profile in response to doxorubicin exposure in diabetic hearts. Ventricular fractional shortening was examined as an indicator of cardiac function by transthoracic echocardiography. The presence of diabetic cardiomyopathy in db/db mice was evident by the reduction of fractional shortening. There was a further impairment of cardiac contractile function 7 days after the DOX administration in db/db diabetic mice. According to our microarray analysis, we identified a panel of regulatory genes associated with cardiac remodeling, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and metabolism in the DOX-induced cardiac injury in diabetic heart. The microarray results of selected genes were confirmed by real time PCR. Notably, S100A8 and S100A9 were found to have a unique specific expression pattern that was coincident with the DOX-induced cardiomyopathy in diabetic hearts. Correspondingly, NF-κB expression in diabetic hearts was increased together with the elevation of S100A8/9 and activation of p38 MAPK signaling after DOX administration, which induced cardiac inflammation as demonstrated by the elevation of cardiac IL-6 level. These findings provide novel pre-clinical information for revealing the S100A8/A9-associated molecular signaling pathways that mediate the doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in diabetic hearts.
Novel Vanadium-Catalyzed Oxidation of Alcohols to Aldehydes and Ketones under Atmospheric Oxygen (2003)

[reaction: see text] Oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones has been studied in high yields using atmospheric oxygen and a catalytic amount of V2O5 in toluene under heating (ca. 100 degrees C). Secondary alcohols can be chemoselectively converted into ketones in the presence of primary hydroxy groups.
A monolithic CMOS 10.4-GHz phase locked loop (2003)

A 10.4-GHz PLL with a 256/257 dual modulus prescaler implemented in a 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS process is presented. The prescaler with a 4/5 synchronous counter operates up to 14 GHz. The counter achieves this by using feedback. The phase noise levels of the PLL and VCO at a 3-MHz offset with I/sub VCO/=8.1 mA are -122 dBc/Hz. The PLL operates between 9.7 10.4 GHz, while drawing 34 mA at V/sub DD/=1.8 V.
A distributed robotic vision service (2016)

Robotic vision is limited by line of sight and on-board camera capabilities. Robots can acquire video or images from remote cameras, but processing additional data has a computational burden. This paper applies the Distributed Robotic Vision Service, DRVS, to robot path planning using data outside line-of-sight of the robot. DRVS implements a distributed visual object detection service to distributes the computation to remote camera nodes with processing capabilities. Robots request task-specific object detection from DRVS by specifying a geographic region of interest and object type. The remote camera nodes perform the visual processing and send the high-level object information to the robot. Additionally, DRVS relieves robots of sensor discovery by dynamically distributing object detection requests to remote camera nodes. Tested over two different indoor path planning tasks DRVS showed dramatic reduction in mobile robot compute load and wireless network utilization.