gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Light‐Emitting Diodes: Phosphorescent Nanocluster Light‐Emitting Diodes (Adv. Mater. 2/2016) (2016)

On page 320, R. R. Lunt and co-workers demonstrate electroluminescence from earth-abundant phosphorescent metal halide nanoclusters. These inorganic emitters, which exhibit rich photophysics combined with a high phosphorescence quantum yield, are employed in red and near-infrared light-emitting diodes, providing a new platform of phosphorescent emitters for low-cost and high-performance light-emission applications.
Functionalized extracellular matrix scaffolds loaded with endothelial progenitor cells promote neovascularization and diabetic wound healing (2021)

Abstract Diabetic ischemic wound treatment remains a critical clinical challenge. Strategies that enhance angiogenesis and improve ischemic pathology may promote the healing of poor wounds, particularly diabetic wounds in highly ischemic condition. We previously identified a cyclic peptide LXW7 that specifically binds to integrin αvβ3 on endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and endothelial cells (ECs), activates VEGF receptors, and promotes EC growth and maturation. In this study, we designed and synthesized a pro-angiogenic molecule LXW7-DS-SILY by conjugating LXW7 to a collagen-binding proteoglycan mimetic DS-SILY and further employed this novel bifunctional ligand to functionalize extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds, promote neovascularization and accelerate ischemic wound healing. We established a Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rat ischemic skin flap model and found the wounds treated by LXW7-DS-SILY-functionalized ECM scaffolds, with or without EPCs, significantly improved wound healing, enhanced neovascularization and modulated collagen fibrillogenesis. These functionalized ECM scaffolds also significantly promoted EPC attachment, growth and survival in the ischemic environment. Altogether, this study provides a promising novel treatment to accelerate diabetic ischemic wound healing, thereby reducing limb amputation and mortality of diabetic patients.
<title>Textured reductions for document image analysis</title> (1996)

A particularly effective method for analyzing document images, that consist of large numbers of binary pixels, is to generate reduced images whose pixels represent enhancements of textural densities in the full-resolution image. These reduced images are generated using an integrated combination of filtering and subsampling. Previously reported methods used thresholding over a square grid, and cascaded these threshold reduction operations. Here, the approach is generalized to a sequence of arbitrary filtering/subsample operations, with emphasis on several particular filtering operations that respond to salient textural qualities of document images, such as halftones, lines or blocks of text, and horizontal or vertical rules. As with threshold reductions, these generalized 'textured reductions' are performed with no regard for connected components. Consequently, the results are typically robust to noise processes that can vitiate analysis based on connected components. Examples of image analysis and segmentation operations using textured reductions are given. Some properties can be determined very quickly; for example, the existence or absence of halftone regions in a full page image can be established in about 10 milliseconds.
A simple SNR representation method for AMC schemes of MIMO systems with ML detector (2009)

Adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) is a powerful technique to enhance the link performance by adjusting the transmission power, channel coding rates and modulation levels according to channel state information. In order to efficiently utilize the AMC scheme, an accurate signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) value is normally required for determining the AMC level. In this paper, we propose a simple method to represent the SNR values for maximum likelihood (ML) detector in multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems. By analyzing the relation between the upper bound and the lower bound of the ML detector performance, we introduce an efficient way to determine the SNR for the ML receiver. Based on the proposed SNR representation, an AMC scheme for single antenna systems can be extended to MIMO systems with ML detector. From computer simulations, we confirm that the proposed SNR representation allows us to achieve almost the same system throughput as the optimum AMC systems in frequency selective channels with reduced complexity.
Protein-Protein Imprinting (PPi): High Throughput Nanoscale Imprinting of Silk Fibroin Films for Photonics. (2012)

We demonstrate high throughput imprinting of nanophotonic structures on silk films using a silk template, allowing for positive and negative pattern fabrication. Induced beta-sheet crystallinity increases their durability and biological applicability.
Deep Lesion Tracker: Monitoring Lesions in 4D Longitudinal Imaging Studies (2020)

Monitoring treatment response in longitudinal studies plays an important role in clinical practice. Accurately identifying lesions across serial imaging follow-up is the core to the monitoring procedure. Typically this incorporates both image and anatomical considerations. However, matching lesions manually is labor-intensive and time-consuming. In this work, we present deep lesion tracker (DLT), a deep learning approach that uses both appearance- and anatomical-based signals. To incorporate anatomical constraints, we propose an anatomical signal encoder, which prevents lesions being matched with visually similar but spurious regions. In addition, we present a new formulation for Siamese networks that avoids the heavy computational loads of 3D cross-correlation. To present our network with greater varieties of images, we also propose a self-supervised learning (SSL) strategy to train trackers with unpaired images, overcoming barriers to data collection. To train and evaluate our tracker, we introduce and release the first lesion tracking benchmark, consisting of 3891 lesion pairs from the public DeepLesion database. The proposed method, DLT, locates lesion centers with a mean error distance of 7 mm. This is 5% better than a leading registration algorithm while running 14 times faster on whole CT volumes. We demonstrate even greater improvements over detector or similarity-learning alternatives. DLT also generalizes well on an external clinical test set of 100 longitudinal studies, achieving 88% accuracy. Finally, we plug DLT into an automatic tumor monitoring workflow where it leads to an accuracy of 85% in assessing lesion treatment responses, which is only 0.46% lower than the accuracy of manual inputs.
Face behind makeup (2016)

In this work, we propose a novel automatic makeup detector and remover framework. For makeup detector, a locality-constrained low-rank dictionary learning algorithm is used to determine and locate the usage of cosmetics. For the challenging task of makeup removal, a locality-constrained coupled dictionary learning (LC-CDL) framework is proposed to synthesize non-makeup face, so that the makeup could be erased according to the style. Moreover, we build a stepwise makeup dataset (SMU) which to the best of our knowledge is the first dataset with procedures of makeup. This novel technology itself carries many practical applications, e.g. products recommendation for consumers; user-specified makeup tutorial; security applications on makeup face verification. Finally, our system is evaluated on three existing (VMU, MIW, YMU) and one own-collected makeup datasets. Experimental results have demonstrated the effectiveness of DL-based method on makeup detection. The proposed LC-CDL shows very promising performance on makeup removal regarding on the structure similarity. In addition, the comparison of face verification accuracy with presence or absence of makeup is presented, which illustrates an application of our automatic makeup remover system in the context of face verification with facial makeup.
Method and device for acquiring signals in laser scanning microscopy (extension internationale du brevet EP20100708273) (2010)

A method for acquiring signals in laser scanning microscopy, includes the steps of: moving a focused optical excitation beam relative to an object to be measured so that the focus point of the beam follows a predetermined path in the space of the object; and acquiring optical measurement signals along the path according to at least one acquisition parameter; characterised in that the path of the excitation beam is determined so as to substantially minimise the variations of the optical properties of at least one portion of the environments crossed by the excitation beam between consecutive acquisitions, and in that at least one acquisition parameter among the acquisition parameters is modulated during the movement of the excitation beam. A device for implementing the method is also described.
Transgenic Models of α‐Synuclein Pathology (2003)

Accumulation and toxic conversion to protofibrils of alpha-synuclein has been associated with neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD), Lewy body disease, multiple system atrophy, neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation type 1, and Alzheimer's disease. In recent years, modeling these disorders in transgenic (tg) mice and flies has helped improve understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases and has established the basis for the development of new experimental treatments. Overexpression of alpha-synuclein in tg mice in a region- and cell-specific manner results in degeneration of selective circuitries accompanied by motor deficits and inclusion formation similar to what is found in PD and related disorders. Furthermore, studies in singly and doubly tg mice have shown that toxic conversion and accumulation can be accelerated by alpha-synuclein mutations associated with familial parkinsonism, by amyloid beta peptide 1-42 (Abeta 1-42), and by oxidative stress. In contrast, molecular chaperones such as Hsp70 and close homologues such as alpha-synuclein have been shown to suppress toxicity. Similar studies are underway to evaluate the effects of other modifying genes that might play a role in alpha-synuclein ubiquitination. Among them considerable interest has been placed on the role of molecules associated with familial parkinsonism (Parkin, UCHL-1). Furthermore, studying the targeted overexpression of alpha-synuclein and other modifier genes in the nigrostriatal and limbic system by using regulatable promoters, lentiviral vectors, and siRNA will help improve understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in selective neuronal vulnerability, and it will aid the development of new treatments.
Abstract 3904: Pyridylthiazole-based ureas as inhibitors of Rho-associated protein kinases (2012)

Abstract Rho GTPase is a small G-protein which plays a critical role in signaling pathways and controls cell growth and division. Rho-associated protein kinase (known as ROCK or Rho kinase) is a Ser/Thr protein kinase activated by GTP-bound Rho and phosphorylates target proteins involved in various signal transduction pathways. Rho and the Rho-kinase signalling pathways are implicated in cell morphology, motility, smooth muscle contraction, formation of stress fibres, focal adhesion and cell transformation. ROCKs have been subject to growing attention, having been implicated in a range of therapeutic areas including cardiovascular diseases, CNS disorders, and cancer. Further, the pharmacological inhibition of ROCKs has been suggested as a promising strategy in the prevention of cell invasion, a central event in the process of metastasis. Potent ROCK inhibitors of a new class of 1-benzyl-3-(4-pyridylthiazol-2-yl)ureas have been identified. Remarkable differences in activity were observed for ureas bearing a benzylic stereogenic center. Derivatives with hydroxy, methoxy and amino groups at the meta position of the phenyl ring give rise to the most potent inhibitors (low nM). Substitutions at the para position result in substantial loss of potency. Changes at the benzylic position are tolerated resulting in significant potency in the case of methyl and methylenehydroxy groups. X-ray crystallography was used to establish the binding mode of this class of inhibitors and provides an explanation for the observed differences of the enantiomer series. Potent inhibition of ROCK in human lung cancer cells was shown by suppression of the phosphorylation levels of the ROCK substrate MYPT-1. One of the series, RKI-1447 inhibits migration, invasion and anchorage-independent tumor growth of breast cancer cells and is discussed in an accompanying poster. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3904. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3904
Requirements for In Vitro Germination of Paenibacillus larvae Spores (2012)

Paenibacillus larvae is the causative agent of American foulbrood (AFB), a disease affecting honey bee larvae. First- and second-instar larvae become infected when they ingest food contaminated with P. larvae spores. The spores then germinate into vegetative cells that proliferate in the midgut of the honey bee. Although AFB affects honey bees only in the larval stage, P. larvae spores can be distributed throughout the hive. Because spore germination is critical for AFB establishment, we analyzed the requirements for P. larvae spore germination in vitro. We found that P. larvae spores germinated only in response to l-tyrosine plus uric acid under physiologic pH and temperature conditions. This suggests that the simultaneous presence of these signals is necessary for spore germination in vivo. Furthermore, the germination profiles of environmentally derived spores were identical to those of spores from a biochemically typed strain. Because l-tyrosine and uric acid are the only required germinants in vitro, we screened amino acid and purine analogs for their ability to act as antagonists of P. larvae spore germination. Indole and phenol, the side chains of tyrosine and tryptophan, strongly inhibited P. larvae spore germination. Methylation of the N-1 (but not the C-3) position of indole eliminated its ability to inhibit germination. Identification of the activators and inhibitors of P. larvae spore germination provides a basis for developing new tools to control AFB.
Block differential encoding for rapidly fading channels (2004)

Rapidly fading channels provide Doppler-induced diversity, but are also challenging to estimate. To by-pass channel estimation, we derive a novel block differential codec. Relying on a basis expansion model for time-varying channels, our block differential design is easy to implement, and achieves the maximum possible Doppler diversity. Simulation results corroborate our theoretical analysis.
Optimizing Goodput of Real-time Serverless Functions using Dynamic Slicing with vGPUs (2021)

As the popularity and relevance of the Function-as-a-Service (FaaS) model keeps growing, we believe newer avatars of the service will support computationally intensive SIMT functions that will execute on GPUs. With hardware-assisted virtualization of GPUs now possible, cloud offerings including GPUs usually bind a virtual GPU (vGPU) to a VM. While there is a choice of scheduling algorithms to multiplex vGPUs on to the physical GPU, the work-conserving best-effort scheduler helps to maintain a high level of utilization of the GPU. With this, we observe that the total share of the GPU per VM is non-deterministic and depends on how different VMs load the GPU via their vGPUs. As a result, any function-to-vGPU scheduler that does not explicitly account for this nondeterministic vGPU capacity will suffer from lower than optimal goodput - particularly when these functions are deadline bound as is the case with FaaS offerings today. In this work, we exploit a software based task slicing technique to dynamically determine task sizes for scheduling on vGPUs to maximize successful completion of functions within their deadlines. Our solution extends the conventional earliest-deadline first (EDF) scheduling algorithm by balancing scheduling opportunities (via kernel slicing) and maximizing the chances of functions finishing before their deadline. The work is motivated by the fact that static decisions that consider entire tasks as scheduling units or use a fixed, statically decided slice size as scheduling units cannot adapt to the non-deterministic vGPU capacity. A comparison of our solution with well-known deadline aware scheduling approach (earliest deadline first), yielded an improvement of up to 2.9x in goodput.
Quantitative characterization of sphere‐templated porous biomaterials (2005)

Abstract Three‐dimensional (3‐D) porous hydrogels were fabricated by polymerizing 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate around templates of random close‐packed poly(methyl methacrylate) microspheres with nominal diameter of 5 or 15 μm. The templates were leached out to create networks of interconnected spherical pores. Applications for sphere‐templated porous biomaterials include scaffolds for tissue engineering and spatial control of wound healing. This study describes an approach to characterizing pore structure and predicting permeability of sphere‐templated porous hydrogels. The materials were embedded in resin, and 1‐μm‐plane sections were digitally analyzed with fluorescence microscopy. The porosity and pore size distribution were determined from stereological interpretation, and we present novel techniques for obtaining the pore throat size distribution, the number of pore throats per pore, and the tortuosity. A simple apparatus is also introduced for measurement of the hydraulic permeability. Permeability predictions based on quantitative microscopy measurements and on stereology were found to agree closely with permeability measurements. The aptness of the Kozeny equation for spherically pored materials is also investigated. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2005
Peptide-Based OspC Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Serodiagnosis of Lyme Borreliosis (1998)

Sera from 210 patients with Lyme borreliosis (LB) were studied by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on a synthetic peptide (pepC10) comprising the C-terminal 10-amino-acid residues of OspC of Borrelia burgdorferi. We found that 36.3 and 45.0% of the serum samples from patients with erythema migrans (EM) and neuroborreliosis (NB), respectively, displayed immunoglobulin M (IgM) anti-pepC10 reactivities, while these samples rarely (</=8%) displayed IgG antibody reactivities. Sera from patients with acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans did not contain anti-pepC10 antibodies. The diagnostic performance of this newly developed peptide ELISA was compared with those of an ELISA based on the full-length recombinant OspC protein (rOspC) and a commercially available ELISA based on the B. burgdorferi flagellum (Fla). The sensitivity of the IgM pepC10 ELISA was slightly lower (P < 0.04) than that of the rOspC ELISA for EM patients (36.3 versus 43.8%), while there was no difference for NB patients (45.0 versus 48.0%). However, the optical density values obtained by the pepC10 ELISA were generally higher than those obtained by the rOspC ELISA, leading to a significantly better quantitative discrimination between seropositive patients with NB and controls (P < 0.008). The specificity of the pepC10 ELISA was similar to those of the rOspC ELISA and the Fla ELISA for relevant controls including patients with syphilis and mononucleosis. Although the overall diagnostic sensitivity of the Fla ELISA was superior, 8.8 and 12.0% of the EM and NB patients, respectively, were antibody positive only by the pepC10 ELISA. Thus, use of a diagnostic test for LB based on the detection of IgM antibodies to pepC10 and Fla has increased sensitivity for the diagnosis of early LB.
Evaluation of Immunochromatographic Test Kits for Food Allergens Using Processed Food Models (2006)

It has been mandatory to label five allergenic substances (AS; egg, milk, wheat, buckwheat and peanut) in all processed foods, since April 2002 in Japan. Two kinds of ELISA kits have been provided as screening test kits for the Japanese official method. The kits have many advantages but some disadvantages, i.e., the kits are not necessarily suitable for daily monitoring in food manufacturing plants, because they require various analytical equipments and the use of complicated procedures. To overcome these drawbacks, we have developed other diagnostic kits based on immunochromatography that should enable more rapid and simple screening for food allergens. Then we examined the performance of these immunochromatographic test kits (IC kits) in terms of sensitivity, repeatability and cross-reactivity to AS proteins in 11 kinds of food models with various heating conditions and physical properties. We also examined processed food models including AS protein of constant concentration, using the IC kits and ELISA kits, and compared the results. The IC kits detected AS proteins at 5 microg/g in the extracts from processed food models, and provided highly reproducible results. Cross-reactivity among the AS proteins was not observed. The results obtained using the IC kits showed performance equivalent to that of the ELISA kits we examined in unheating processed food models including AS proteins of constant concentration. The IC kits should be more suitable for daily monitoring in food manufacturing plants.
Implementation of Deeply Integrated GPS/Low-Cost IMU for Reacquisition and Tracking of Low CNR GPS Signals (2004)

A deeply integrated GPS/IMU system is developed to acquire and continuously track low Carrier-to-Noise Ratio (CNR) GPS signals, while maintaining carrier tracking performance at the mm-level. Reacquisition and tracking are demonstrated for 15 dB-Hz GPS signals without receivers for a number of applications (e.g. indoor applications or navigation in the presence of wideband interference). The deeply integrated GPS/IMU employs inertial aiding of the GPS signal integration to significantly increase the integration time interval as compared to conventional unaided receivers. As a result, requiring knowledge of navigation data bits. Initial, lowdynamic test results demonstrate the feasibility of the deeply integrated GPS/IMU system.
Acetylene-Terminated Aspartimides And Derived Resins (1989)

New polymers and derived blends exhibit improved processability and properties. New toughened epoxies exhibit excellent properties, but use temperatures limited. Bismaleimide resins are some base materials formulated to develop materials having moderate use temperatures. Work conducted on use of acetylenic (ethynyl) group to cross-link and extend chains of oligomers and polymers to obtain materials to perform at higher temperatures. Extended to include acetylene-terminated aspartimides (ATA's).
Resonance-based addressing in laminate MEMS devices (2012)

This paper reports on an electromagnetically actuated MEMS cantilever device that is triggered using an oscillating signal which sends the device into resonance. At resonance, a moving magnetic cantilever is driven to large amplitudes, allowing it to be driven far enough to latch against a magnetic pad. Since the device is driven at resonance, it can be combined with other devices that have different resonances, thereby allowing a single signal line to trigger more than one device by simply changing the driving frequency. This allows the device to be addressed using a single address line that carries multiple frequencies. These devices can be used in any application requiring two state mechanical actuators, such as electrical switches, micro-mirrors, or micro-valves. The device is fabricated using laminate technology, commonly found in packaging or printed circuit board facilities, allowing low cost manufacturing and straightforward integration into electronic modules such as antennas or phase-shifters.