gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression and Purification of Heterologous Proteins in Plant Tissue Using a Geminivirus Vector System (2004)

In the past, plant molecular biologists have relied on Escherichia coli, baculovirus and other expression systems to produce plant proteins to quantities sufficient for biochemical analysis. However, such expression systems often result in the production of proteins which possess improper posttranslational modifications. Here, we present a plant virus-based expression system superior to those currently available. We demonstrate that bean yellow dwarf geminivirus (BeYDV) replicates and expresses foreign proteins at high levels in tobacco, Arabidopsis, and other dicotyledonous plants, making it more universal than plant RNA viruses with restricted host ranges which are currently used as expression systems. The DNA-based nature of the BeYDV genome renders it stable for the incorporation of large plant open reading frames, and gives it an advantage over other plant virus-based expression systems which possess insert size restrictions. Using this expression system, the rapid accumulation of a novel Arabidopsis-derived mitogen-activated protein kinase to levels sufficient for standard biochemical analysis is demonstrated.
Method of producing a ductile rare-earth containing superalloy. [double melt technique] (1976)

A method is provided for producing ductile superalloys containing rare-earth metals, lanthanum, and yttrium by melting the desired alloy composition by conventional melt practices, adding the rare-earth metals, lanthanum or yttrium to the molten composition, forming the alloy composition into solid electrodes, remelting the solid electrode by electroslag remelting, techniques and casting the remelted alloy.
Real time monitoring of laser beam welding keyhole depth by laser interferometry (2014)

The utility of a new laser interferometric technique, inline coherent imaging, for real time keyhole depth measurement during laser welding is demonstrated on five important engineering alloys. The keyhole depth was measured at 200 kHz with a spatial resolution of 22 μm using a probe beam, which enters the keyhole coaxially with the process beam. Keyhole fluctuations limited average weld depth determination to a resolution on the order of 100 μm. Real time keyhole depth data are compared with the weld depths measured from the corresponding metallographic cross-sections. With the exception of an aluminium alloy, the technique accurately measured the average weld depth with differences of less than 5%. The keyhole depth growth rates at the start of welding are measured and compare well with order of magnitude calculations. The method described here is recommended for the real time measurement and control of keyhole depth in at least five different alloys.
Optimizing Bulk Metallic Glasses for Robust, Highly Wear‐Resistant Gears (2016)

Despite their promising mechanical properties and ability to be manufactured like plastics, bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) are slow to emerge as a structural engineering material. Because BMGs properties are highly correlated with processing, it is necessary to test them in a relevant engineering application. In the current work, CuZr‐based BMGs are developed with excellent wear performance when used as gears. It is shown that in order to optimize the wear performance of these gears, toughness should be maximized. This contrasts the conventional design strategy, where wear performance increases with increasing hardness. Finally, a new low‐cost manufacturing method for casting net‐shaped macroscale gears is developed.
Triple‐Helical Recognition of RNA Using 2‐Aminopyridine‐Modified PNA at Physiologically Relevant Conditions (2012)

Peptide nucleic acids containing thymidine and 2-aminopyridine (M) nucleobases form stable and sequence-selective triple helices with double-stranded RNA at physiologically relevant conditions. The M-modified PNA showed unique RNA selectivity by having two orders of magnitude higher affinity for the double-stranded RNAs than for the same DNA sequences.
Low drift and high resolution miniature optical fiber combined pressure- and temperature sensor for cardio-vascular and other medical applications (2013)

A fiber optic Extrinsic Fabry-Perot Interferometer (EFPI) including an internal fully integrated Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) for application in cardiovascular pressure detection is presented. The combination of EFPI and FBG sensing elements allows the measurement of temperature and pressure at the same time, as well as the compensation of cross-effects. This sensor is entirely fabricated of quartz glass and is a result of a novel design and fabrication process. The sensor was tested in simulated in-vivo biomedical pressure devices, i.e. a cardiovascular pressure simulator that replicates human pressure patterns related to heartbeat. A resolution of 0.1mmHg and a drift of <; 1mmHg in over 1hour at a frequency of 50Hz was achieved. Tests were performed at the Polymer Core Center, within Cleveland Clinic (Ohio, USA). The small sensor overall diameter of 200μίη allows in-vivo application for temperature-compensated pressure detection of aortic, arterial and ventricular pressure patterns.
Digital holographic imaging apparatus has container that contains medium in which sample is located (2003)

Patent number: WO2003048868-A Keywords: [MVD] Reference LOA-PATENT-2003-001Search for this record at the European Patent Office Record created on 2009-07-20, modified on 2017-09-23
Petrophysical applications of NMR imaging (1985)

A system for obtaining high-resolution NMR images of oil field cores is described. Separate proton density and T2 relaxation images are obtained to distinguish between spatial variations of fluid-filled porosity and the physical nature of the pores. Results are presented for typical sandstones.
Packet-late indication based (PLIB): adaptive jitter buffer (2004)

Adaptive jitter buffer are being increasingly used in TDM over packet switching networks (TDMoPSN). This paper proposes a simple adaptive jitter buffer adjustment algorithm for efficient jitter absorption. We verify by simulations that the proposed algorithm can absorb and track jitter effectively while guarantee ordered packet delivery even under networks with delay spikes.
Recombination lasers in Nd and CO_2 laser-produced cadmium plasmas (1979)

This is the first report of a recombination laser that has been produced in laser-vaporized target material. Inputlaser-pulse energies as low as 0.5 mJ at 1.06 microm and 5 mJ at 10.6 microm have resulted in laser oscillation in Cd I at 1.40, 1.43, 1.45, and 1.64 microm in approximately 1-cm-radius cadmium plasmas. This laser appears to have the potential for high efficiency. In addition, scaling of this plasma-recombination process to higher-ionization stages should yield shortwavelength lasers.
<title>Submillimeter p-Ge laser using a permanent magnet in Voigt configuration</title> (1995)

Laser emission near 100 micrometers from intervalence band transitions of p-type Ge in E (perpendicular) B fields is reported. Our idea is to substitute a Voigt configured permanent magnet for the traditional superconducting one. We compare the results using this new design with our results using a Faraday-configured superconducting magnet. Emission is observed at much lower electric-field pulse magnitude in Voigt configuration. The use of a variable temperature cryostat has allowed detailed temperature dependence of the emission to be studied down to 1.7 K. The emission-strength peaks around 2 K, and a rapid decrease below 2 K has been observed. Heating limits the rep rate, but we have observed emission up to 30 Hz with our permanent magnet. Observation of submm emission from a Voigt-configured p-Ge laser using a permanent magnet represents a breakthrough in practicality because it considerably simplifies the device and eliminates the necessity of liquid helium, in principle.
Tightening the Hydrophobic Belt:  Effects of Backbone and Donor Group Variation on Podand Ligand Complexes of the Lanthanides (1998)

The N4O3 tripodal aminomethylene phosphinato ligand tris(4-phenylphosphinato-3-methyl-3-azabutyl)amine (H3ppma) forms mono- and bis(ligand) complexes with lanthanide(III) metal ions Ln when Ln = Sm−Lu. The formation constants of the Lu (log β1 = 1.79, log β2 = 4.40) and the Yb (log β1 = 2.25, log β2 = 4.42) complexes were determined at pH = 1.5 using an unusual 31P NMR spectroscopic method. The molecular structure of the lutetium complex [Lu(H3ppma)2](NO3)3·3H2O (C60H96LuN11O24P6) was solved by X-ray methods; it crystallizes in the trigonal space group R3̄c, with a = 19.060(1) Å, c = 36.395(3) Å, and Z = 6. The structure was solved by Patterson methods and was refined by full-matrix least-squares procedures to R = 0.024 (Rw = 0.025) for 2061 reflections with I > 3(I). The ligand coordinates in a tridentate manner through the three phosphinate oxygens, resulting in a bicapped octahedral structure of exact S6 symmetry, which is preserved in solution as shown by 1H and 31P NMR spectroscopies (CD3OD, DMSO-d6). The two N3O3 tripodal amine phenol ligands 1,1,1-tris(((2-hydroxy-5-sulfobenzyl)amino)methyl)ethane (H6tams) and 1,2,3-tris((2-hydroxy-5-sulfobenzyl)amino)propane (H6taps) showed a binding modality different from that with H3ppma, forming N3O3 encapsulated complexes whereby all six donor atoms bind to the lanthanide. This complexation was investigated potentiometrically at 25 °C and 0.16 M NaCl. log K values of [M(tams)]3- ([M(Htams)]2-) for M: La, 9.17; Nd, 11.19; Gd, 11.86 (18.41); Ho, 12.71 (19.40); Yb, 13.78 (20.11). log K values of [M(taps)]3- ([M(Htaps)]2-) for M: La, 11.33 (18.47); Nd, 13.59 (20.13); Gd, 14.50 (20.88); Ho, 14.71 (21.15); Yb, 15.15 (21.54). The formation constants show an increasing affinity for the heavier lanthanides, with H6taps forming the more stable complexes. 17O NMR spectroscopy of [Dy(tams)]3- and [Dy(taps)]3- indicated the presence of three inner-sphere water molecules, implying a 9-coordinate Dy in each complex. The factors governing the coordination geometries in the solid and solution states and chelation of these and related metal ion complexes are discussed with reference to the hydrophobic belt.
PHARMACOKINETICS AND PHARMACODYNAMICS OF 2,4‐DIAMINOPYRIDINE IN THE CAT (1988)

The pharmacokinetics, antagonistic effects, and cardiovascular effects of 2,4-diaminopyridine (2,4-DAP) were studied in 7 anaesthetized cats. Cats received a pancuronium infusion at a constant rate to cause a 90% block of contraction of the anterior tibialis muscle, stimulated through the sciatic nerve. After steady state was reached, 2,4-DAP (750 micrograms/kg IV) was administered. Plasma, urine, and bile were collected over 8 h and analyzed by means of an HPLC assay. Plasma concentrations decreased biexponentially with half-lives of 9.0 +/- 5.7 min and 140 +/- 36 min, respectively. The volume of the central compartment was 0.85 +/- 0.27 L/kg, and the volume of distribution in the steady state was 3.1 +/- 1.1 L/kg. Total plasma clearance was 18 +/- 5 ml/kg/min. Ninety percent of the administered dose was recovered in the urine and 0.1 percent in the bile in 8 h. The antagonism of the pancuronium-induced steady-state block was 98% +/- 5%, with onset and duration of 3.5 +/- 2 min and 165 +/- 40 min, respectively.
Modelling of residual stresses during laser cutting of small-diameter holes (2008)

Laser hole cutting in a sheet metal is modelled, and temperature as well as the stress fields developed around the hole circumference are examined. The finite element method is used to predict the temperature and stress fields during and after completion of the cutting process. An experiment resembling the simulation conditions is carried out and the residual stress developed in the cutting region is measured using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. It is found that the principal stresses are tensile in the region close to the hole surface, and the stress components become compressive as the distance from the hole surface to the solid bulk increases. The residual stress predicted agrees with the measured data.
Coordinate Descent Algorithms for Phase Retrieval (2017)

Phase retrieval aims at recovering a complex-valued signal from magnitude-only measurements, which attracts much attention since it has numerous applications in many disciplines. However, phase recovery involves solving a system of quadratic equations, indicating that it is a challenging nonconvex optimization problem. To tackle phase retrieval in an effective and efficient manner, we apply coordinate descent (CD) such that a single unknown is solved at each iteration while all other variables are kept fixed. As a result, only minimization of a univariate quartic polynomial is needed which is easily achieved by finding the closed-form roots of a cubic equation. Three computationally simple algorithms referred to as cyclic, randomized and greedy CDs, based on different updating rules, are devised. It is proved that the three CDs globally converge to a stationary point of the nonconvex problem, and specifically, the randomized CD locally converges to the global minimum and attains exact recovery at a geometric rate with high probability if the sample size is large enough. The cyclic and randomized CDs are also modified via minimization of the $\ell_1$-regularized quartic polynomial for phase retrieval of sparse signals. Furthermore, a novel application of the three CDs, namely, blind equalization in digital communications, is proposed. It is demonstrated that the CD methodology is superior to the state-of-the-art techniques in terms of computational efficiency and/or recovery performance.
Aerodynamic damping of vibrations in rotor blades (1986)

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A Word Line Pulse Circuit Technique for Reliable Magnetoelectric Random Access Memory (2017)

A word line pulse (WLP) circuit scheme is proposed toward the implementation of magnetoelectric random access memory (MeRAM). The circuit improves the write error rate (WER) and cell area efficiency by generating a better write pulse compared to conventional bitline pulse (BLP) techniques in terms of the pulse slew rate and amplitude. For the voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy-induced precessional switching of the magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ), the write pulse shape has a large impact on the switching probability. Typically, a square shape pulse results in higher switching probability compared to that of a triangular shape pulse with long rise and falling edges, since the square shape pulse causes a more stable precessional trajectory of the free layer magnetization by providing a relatively constant in-plane-dominant effective field. Compared to the BLP scheme, the WLP can generate a better square shape pulse by eliminating discharge paths under the pulse condition, using the gain of the access transistor, and effectively diminishing the capacitive loading which needs to be driven. A macrospin compact model of voltage-controlled MTJ shows that the WLP can improve WER by <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${10}^{7}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> times and allow MeRAM to have four-time improvement in area efficiency of driver circuits compared to the BLP.
Analysis of Patent Databases Using VxInsight (2000)

We present the application of a new knowledge visualization tool, VxInsight, to the mapping and analysis of patent databases. Patent data are mined and placed in a database, relationships between the patents are identified, primarily using the citation and classification structures, then the patents are clustered using a proprietary force-directed placement algorithm. Related patents cluster together to produce a 3-D landscape view of the tens of thousands of patents. The user can navigate the landscape by zooming into or out of regions of interest. Querying the underlying database places a colored marker on each patent matching the query. Automatically generated labels, showing landscape content, update continually upon zooming. Optionally, citation links between patents may be shown on the landscape. The combination of these features enables powerful analyses of patent databases.
The oxidative stability of biodiesel: Effects of FAME composition and antioxidant (2008)

Abstract A significant problem associated with the commercial acceptance of biodiesel is poor oxidative stability. This study investigated the effectiveness of individual and binary antioxidants to improve the oxidative stability of different types of biodiesel and distilled biodiesel. Results indicate that different types of biodiesel have different levels of oxidative stability, and that natural antioxidants and FAME composition play significant roles in determining oxidative stability. Synthetic antioxidants can enhance the oxidative stability of different types of biodiesel, and antioxidant activity increases as a function of its concentration. However, the effective activity level of antioxidant is dependent on biodiesel feedstock. Binary antioxidant formulations (TBHQ and PY) have a synergistic effect on oxidative stability of biodiesel. After long‐term storage at room temperature, the oxidative stability of untreated SBO‐based biodiesel significantly decreases as a function of time, while the addition of the antioxidant TBHQ can improve and maintain oxidative stability of biodiesel over an 18‐month period. However, the effectiveness of PY significantly decreases even after 2‐months.
Real-time temporally coherent local HDR tone mapping (2016)

Subjective studies showed that most HDR video tone mapping operators either produce disturbing temporal artifacts, or are limited in their local contrast reproduction capability. Recently, both these issues have been addressed by a novel temporally coherent local HDR tone mapping method, which has been shown, both qualitatively and through a subjective study, to be advantageous compared to previous methods. However, this method's high-quality results came at the cost of a computationally expensive workflow that could only be executed offline. In this paper, we present a modified algorithm which builds upon the previous work by redesigning key components to achieve real-time performance. We accomplish this by replacing the optical flow based per-pixel temporal coherency with a tone-curve-space alternative. This way we eliminate the main computational burden of the original method with little sacrifice in visual quality.
Monoclonal antibodies targeting cell surface deposited complement fragment C3d potentiate cancer immunotherapy and eliminate antigen loss variants (2015)

Meeting abstracts Treatment-induced loss of targeted cell surface antigens through trogocytosis or internalization reduces efficacy of monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy of cancer. However, cells that escape therapy mediated by complement-fixing mAbs carry covalently deposited complement activation
New spectral reduction algorithm for echelle spectrometer in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (2018)

In this work, a new spectral reduction algorithm for the echelle spectrometer was proposed. Unlike conventional approaches, the key concept in this algorithm is to model the spectrogram rather the spectrometer, which makes the algorithm more adaptive to different designs. This algorithm also introduces a dynamic adjusting procedure for generating optimized spectra from laser-induced plasmas. This additional step improved the spectrum stability and absolute line intensity of the spectrum and yielded better quantification performance. Experimental results demonstrated that the quantification results of analyzing aluminum alloy samples were improved using this new algorithm.
ChemInform Abstract: Perfluoroalkylation of Unactivated Alkenes with Acid Anhydrides as the Perfluoroalkyl Source. (2016)

Abstract Copper salts are found to play a crucial role as a catalyst to achieve allylic perfluoroalkylation with the in situ generated bis(perfluoroacyl) peroxides.
Development of the soft gripper for fixing to a human body for the purpose of blood pressure measurement (2016)

It is put importance on healthcare activity by the senior citizens themselves. In particular as accident and sickness which have a high rate of receiving medical care, hypertensive disease is cited. However, it may become difficult to wind cuff for measurement of blood pressure around the own upper arm. In addition, upper arm circumference of the senior citizens and women is small, and it of partial western people is very large. Moreover, the shape of cross-section of upper arm is not uniform. In this study, it has been developed the soft gripper for fixing to a human body for the purpose of blood pressure measurement. In this paper, we describe the automation of blood pressure measurement operation by the release mechanism, the basic experiment for the purpose of responding to a variety of upper arm circumference.
Bitstream format for spatio-temporal wave field coder (2008)

The papers at this Convention have been selected on the basis of a submitted abstract and extended precis that have been peer reviewed by at least two qualified anonymous reviewers. This convention paper has been reproduced from the author’s advance manuscript, without editing, corrections, or consideration by the Review Board. The AES takes no responsibility for the contents. Additional papers may be obtained by sending request and remittance to Audio
Atypical antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies with perinuclear fluorescence in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases and hepatobiliary disorders colocalize with nuclear lamina proteins (1998)

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) are frequently associated with chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and hepatobiliary disorders. However, their target antigens have not been identified yet. Recently, we observed an atypical perinuclear ANCA fluorescence (p-ANCA) together with an intranuclear staining using ANCA-positive sera from patients with IBD and hepatobiliary disorders. This observation suggests that the target antigens are localized within the nucleus of neutrophilic granulocytes. To further investigate this hypothesis, we examined sera from patients with ulcerative colitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, autoimmune hepatitis or systemic vasculitis on ethanol or formaldehyde-fixed neutrophils using confocal laser scanning microscopy and immunoelectron microscopy. Counterstaining with propidium iodide, a DNA-specific dye, showed that ANCA-positive sera in IBD and heptobiliary disorders react with intranuclear antigens at the nuclear periphery of the neutrophils. Double immunolabeling techniques revealed that nuclear lamina proteins, lamins A, C and B1, and lamin B receptor were colocalized with the antigen(s) recognized by atypical p-ANCA. No colocalization was observed with classical p-ANCA and antibodies against histones (H1-H4). Our study showed that atypical p-ANCA are antinuclear antibodies reactive with granulocyte-specific antigens present in the nuclear lamina.
New synthesis of 1,2,3‐thiadiazole‐5‐thiol derivatives (1985)

Abstract New syntheses of 1,2,3‐thiadiazole‐5‐thiol derivatives utilizing the thionyl chloride ring‐closure of the aldehyde derivatives 5a, b , and c are reported.