gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Meteor-s web service annotation framework (2004)

The World Wide Web is emerging not only as an infrastructure for data, but also for a broader variety of resources that are increasingly being made available as Web services. Relevant current standards like UDDI, WSDL, and SOAP are in their fledgling years and form the basis of making Web services a workable and broadly adopted technology. However, realizing the fuller scope of the promise of Web services and associated service oriented architecture will requite further technological advances in the areas of service interoperation, service discovery, service composition, and process orchestration. Semantics, especially as supported by the use of ontologies, and related Semantic Web technologies, are likely to provide better qualitative and scalable solutions to these requirements. Just as semantic annotation of data in the Semantic Web is the first critical step to better search, integration and analytics over heterogeneous data, semantic annotation of Web services is an equally critical first step to achieving the above promise. Our approach is to work with existing Web services technologies and combine them with ideas from the Semantic Web to create a better framework for Web service discovery and composition. In this paper we present MWSAF (METEOR-S Web Service Annotation Framework), a framework for semi-automatically marking up Web service descriptions with ontologies. We have developed algorithms to match and annotate WSDL files with relevant ontologies. We use domain ontologies to categorize Web services into domains. An empirical study of our approach is presented to help evaluate its performance.
High-frequency cutoff periodic dielectric waveguides (1973)

We report high-frequency cutoff in periodic dielectric waveguides. The guides consisted of 1-μ photoresist film with a surface corrugation of up to 500 Å overlaid on fused silica substrates. At a wavelength of 1.064 μ we obtained transition between complete cutoff and propagation by variation in the periodicity of the guide of ± 30 Å. For gratings having 500-Å corrugation, unobstructed propagation at 1.32 μ occurred with complete stopping of 1.064-μ light.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Secondary Organozinc Reagents and Their Reaction with Heteroatomic Electrophiles (2000)

[figure: see text] Various trisubstituted olefins were converted to configurationally stable diorganozinc compounds with high diastereoselectivity. Their reaction with various electrophiles centered on tin, sulfur, bromine, and phosphorus provided the desired substitution products with retention of configuration. Novel, functionalized organocopper reagents such as 4 and chiral diphosphine 5 have been prepared.
A data set for fuzzy colour naming (2005)

Abstract In computer vision, colour naming has been posed as a fuzzy‐set problem where each colour category is modeled by a function that assigns a membership value to any given sample. However, the success in the automation of this process relies on having an appropriate psychophysical data set for this purpose. In this article we present a data set obtained from a colour‐naming experiment. In this experiment, we used a scoring method to collect a set of judgments adequate for the fuzzy modeling of the colour‐naming task. The data set is composed of 387 colour reflectances, their CIELab and Munsell values, and the corresponding judgments provided by the subjects in the experiment. These judgments are the membership values to the 11 basic colour categories proposed by Berlin and Kay (Berlin B, Kay P. Berkeley: University of California; 1969). All these data have been made available online ( http://www.cvc.uab.es/color_naming ) and, in this article we provide a wide analysis of them. To prove the suitability of the proposed scoring methodology, we have computed a set of common statistics in colour‐naming experiments, such as consensus and consistency, on our data set. The results make it possible for us to conclude the coherence of our data with previous experiments and, thus, its usefulness for the fuzzy modeling of colour naming. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 31, 48–56, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.20172
Analytical chemistry in the USA in the first quarter of this century (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnalytical chemistry in the USA in the first quarter of this centuryI. M. KolthoffCite this: Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 4, 241A–249APublication Date (Print):February 15, 1994Publication History Published online22 September 2008Published inissue 15 February 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00076a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00076a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views138Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
"Diode Pumped Solid State Lasers At 2 And 3 µm" (1988)

The most attractive alternative to flashlamp pumping of solid state lasers is the diode laser. In the past two decades numerous laboratory devices have been assembled which incorporated single diode lasers, small laser diode arrays or LED's for pumping of Nd:YAG, Nd:glass and a host of other Nd lasers. The low power output, low packaging density, and extremely high cost of diode lasers prevented any serious applications for laser pumping in the past. The reason for the continued interest in this area stems from the potential dramatic increase in system efficiency and component lifetime, and reduction of thermal load of the solid-state laser material. The latter not only will reduce thereto-optic effects and therefore lead to better beam quality but also will enable an increase in pulse repetition frequency. The attractive operating parameters combined with low voltage operation and the compactness of an all solid-state laser system have a potential high payoff. The high pumping efficiency compared to flashlamps stems from the good spectral match between the laser diode emission and the rare earth activator absorption bands. A significant advantage of laser diode pumping compared to arc lamps is system lifetime and reliability. Laser diode arrays have exhibited lifetimes on the order of 10,000 hours in cw operation and 109 shots in the pulsed mode. Flashlamp life is on the order of 107 shots, and about 200 hours for cw operation. In addition, the high pump flux combined with a substantial UV content in lamp pumped systems causes material degradation in the pump cavity and in the coolant. Such problems are virtually eliminated with laser diode pump sources. The absence of high voltage pulses, high temperatures and UV radiation encountered with arc lamps leads to much more benign operating features for solid state laser systems employing laser diode pumps. Laser diode technology dates back to 1962 when laser action in GaAs diodes was first demonstrated. However, it took a decade to transform a fragile device requiring cryogenic temperatures into one capable of emitting a continuous beam at room temperature. In the last few years the rapid progress in fabricating diode lasers has increased interest in developing diode pumped solid state lasers. Device fabrication improvements such as double hetero-structures, multiple quantum well structures, monolithic phased arrays and multiple stripe lasers which were made possible by improved manufacturing technologies have produced a dramatic reduction of threshold current and increases of slope efficiency, lifetime and output power.
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Prevalence and Diagnostic Value (1997)

Because of their sensitivity and specificity, ANCA may be helpful in the clinical assessment of patients with IBD, and especially those with UC. However, there is no link between the pressure of p-ANCA and the site of UC or its activity, so that it cannot be used to monitor medical treatment or surgical indications.
Synthetic studies towards pseudopterosin A (1996)

L. Eklund, I. Sarvary and T. Frejd, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1996, 303 DOI: 10.1039/P19960000303
Relationships between Antioxidant Activity, Color, and Flavor Compounds of Crystal Malt Extracts (2001)

Aqueous extracts were prepared from five barley crystal malts (color range 15-440 degrees EBC, European Brewing Convention units). Antioxidant activity was determined by using the 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS(*)(+)) radical cation scavenging method. Antioxidant activity increased with increasing color value although the rate of increase decreased with increasing color value. Color was measured in CIELAB space. Extracts of the 15, 23, and 72 degrees EBC malts followed the same dilution pathway as did the 148 degrees EBC sample at higher dilution levels, indicating that they could each be used to give the same color by appropriate dilution. The 440 degrees EBC sample followed a different dilution pathway, indicating that different compounds were responsible for color in this extract. Fifteen selected volatile compounds were monitored using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Levels of methylpropanal, 2-methylbutanal, and 3-methylbutanal were highest for the 72 degrees EBC sample. When odor threshold values of the selected compounds were taken into account, 3-methylbutanal was the most important contributor to flavor. Relationships between levels of the lipid oxidation products, hexanal and (E)-2-nonenal, and antioxidant activity were complex, and increasing antioxidant activity for samples in the range of 15-148 degrees EBC did not result in reduced levels of these lipid-derived compounds. When different colored malt extracts were diluted to give the same a* and b* values, calculated antioxidant activity and amounts of 3-methylbutanal, hexanal, and (E)-2-nonenal decreased with increasing degrees EBC value.
Multiresolution motion estimation techniques for video compression (1996)

The wavelet transform is a valuable tool in video processing because of its flexibility in representing nonstationary signals. Waveletbased compression has the advantages of efficient decorrelation of image frames and reduced-complexity multiresolution motion estimation (MRME). We propose three techniques to improve motion estimation in a wavelet-based coder. First, we propose to use an adaptive threshold for coding the motion vectors of the high-pass subimages. Secondly, we propose a bidirectional motion estimation (BMRME) technique in the wavelet transform domain. In BMRME, we estimate the temporal (i.e., direction information) flags only for the blocks in the lowest-resolution subimages and use the same information for the corresponding blocks in the higher-resolution subimages. Finally, we propose a fast multiresolution motion estimation technique where the directional subimages at each level of the wavelet pyramid are combined into a single subimage. Multiresolution motion estimation is then performed on the newly formed subimages. The proposed techniques improve the coding performance significantly over the baseline MRME technique. In addition, they further reduce the computational complexity of the MRME technique.
Design and analysis of helical motion permanent magnet motor with cylindrical halbach array (2003)

This paper deals with the application of cylindrical Halbach array to a permanent magnet motor capable of producing pure rotary motion, pure linear motion, or helical motion. The proposed motor consists of an exterior polar Halbach quadrupole array for a rotary motion and an interior cylindrical Halbach dipole array for a linear one. The two-dimensional finite-element method is employed for predicting the effect of design parameters of the machine.
Cloud-based Parallel Implementation of SLAM for Mobile Robots (2016)

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) for mobile robots is a computationally expensive task. A robot capable of SLAM needs a powerful onboard computer, but this can limit the robot's mobility because of weight and power demands. We consider moving this task to a remote compute cloud, by proposing a general cloud-based architecture for real-time robotics computation, and then implementing a Rao-Blackwellized Particle Filtering-based SLAM algorithm in a multi-node cluster in the cloud. In our implementation, expensive computations are executed in parallel, yielding significant improvements in computation time. This allows the algorithm to increase the complexity and frequency of calculations, enhancing the accuracy of the resulting map while freeing the robot's onboard computer for other tasks. Our method for implementing particle filtering in the cloud is not specific to SLAM and can be applied to other computationally-intensive tasks.
Combination drug release of smart cyclodextrin-gated mesoporous silica nanovehicles (2015)

An integrated γ-cyclodextrin-gated mesoporous silica delivery system via dual dynamic covalent bonds was constructed with dual drug loading for simultaneous and cascade release in targeted combination drug therapy.
Asymmetric trellis coded modulation (ATCM) (1992)

Presents a method for designing trellis coded modulation with asymmetric trellis wherein the transitions have non-uniform number of parallel paths. In the design the encoding data is firstly mapped to an asymmetric trellis by using a prefix code; then the trellis is mapped to a 2N-dimensional constellation. In the paper a gradient based search is developed to design the mapping from the asymmetric trellis to the constellation by maximizing free distance to average power ratio subject to a given discrimination rate. Such search technique can reduce the nonlinear design to a simple optimization problem. A number of good asymmetric trellis coded modulation codes using APK and PSK are obtained and tabulated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Configuration service in cloud based automation systems (2016)

Current challenges in production automation requires the involvement of new technologies like Internet of Things (IoT), Systems of Systems and local automation clouds. The objective of this paper is to address the actual process of defining a cloud based automation system. The objective of this paper is to address one of the challenges involved in establishing and managing a cloud based automation system. Three key capabilities have been identified as required to create the expected benefits of local automation clouds; 1) capturing of plant design 2) capturing and distributing configuration and deployment information 3) coordinating information exchange. This paper addresses the capturing and distribution of configuration and deployment information. For this purpose a system service is proposed, the Configuration Store, following the principles of the Arrowhead Framework. The service is accompanied by a deployment methodology and a bootstrapping procedure. These are discussed for several types of automation technology, e.g. controllers, sensors, actuators. A qualitative evaluation of the proposed approach is made for four use cases; Building automation, Manufacturing automation, Process automation and IoT devices. Concluding the usability for large-scale deployment and configuration of Industrial Internet of Things.
Photolithography Solution That Overcomes Significant Die Placement Error For Advanced Packaging (2020)

The requirement for smaller features and tighter die in advanced wafer level packaging (WLP) and advanced panel level packaging (PLP) makes it essential to develop more capable lithography systems. Nowadays, the requirements for advanced packaging systems with high yield goes beyond the simple inherent lens overlay, more advanced features, such as magnification (mag) and rotation(theta) correction is needed for the mismatch between the feature (or die) position/size on substrate and the reticle pattern. This paper describes the newly developed site-by-site mag and theta correction solution by adjusting the reticle chuck position in a 2X reduction photolithography system. This technology actively mitigates symmetric mag errors within a job for up to +/-400ppm, and theta errors up to +/-1.65mrad. Experimental results in this work prove that site by site mag and theta correction worked on the wafer. What is more compelling is that there is no throughput penalty to enable this capability.
High-Power 365 nm UV LED Mercury Arc Lamp Replacement for Photochemistry and Chemical Photolithography (2016)

Ultraviolet light emitting diodes (UV LEDs) have become widespread in chemical research as highly efficient light sources for photochemistry and photopolymerization. However, in more complex experimental setups requiring highly concentrated light and highly spatially resolved patterning of the light, high-pressure mercury arc lamps are still widely used because they emit intense UV light from a compact arc volume that can be efficiently coupled into optical systems. Advances in the deposition and <i>p</i>-type doping of gallium nitride have recently permitted the manufacture of UV LEDs capable of replacing mercury arc lamps also in these applications. These UV LEDs exceed the spectral radiance of mercury lamps even at the intense I-line at 365 nm. Here we present the successful exchange of a high-pressure mercury arc lamp for a new generation UV LED as a light source in photolithographic chemistry and its use in the fabrication of high-density DNA microarrays. We show that the improved light radiance and efficiency of these LEDs offer substantial practical, economic and ecological advantages, including faster synthesis, lower hardware costs, very long lifetime, an >85-fold reduction in electricity consumption and the elimination of mercury waste and contamination.
Mediators and mechanisms of pancreatic beta-cell death in type 1 diabetes (2008)

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is characterized by severe insulin deficiency resulting from chronic and progressive destruction of pancreatic beta-cells by the immune system. The triggering of autoimmunity against the beta-cells is probably caused by environmental agent(s) acting in the context of a predisposing genetic background. Once activated, the immune cells invade the islets and mediate their deleterious effects on beta-cells via mechanisms such as Fas/FasL, perforin/granzyme, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Binding of cytokines to their receptors on the beta-cells activates MAP-kinases and the transcription factors STAT-1 and NFkappa-B, provoking functional impairment, endoplasmic reticulum stress and ultimately apoptosis. This review discusses the potential mediators and mechanisms leading to beta-cell destruction in T1D.
Thermal stability and flame retardancy of polyester, cotton, and relative blend textile fabrics subjected to sol–gel treatments (2010)

Abstract Polyester (PET), cotton (COT), and two relative blend textile fabrics were treated by sol–gel processes. Tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) was used as inorganic precursor of silica phases; furthermore, different TEOS/H 2 O ratios were examined to explore the effect of the presence of SiO 2 on the thermal and fire stability of the textile fabrics investigated. The distribution and dispersion of SiO 2 were observed by means of scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). SEM magnifications showed the formation of a continuous silica film located in the neighboring fibers; furthermore, in the case of PET, such a film incorporated silica particles with an average diameter ranging between 0.2 and 6 μm. The thermal and thermooxidative stabilities of the treated samples were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis: after the sol–gel treatment, the degradation mechanism was modified both in nitrogen and in air, and the improvement in the thermal stability was attributed to the presence of silica, which played a protective role in the degradation of the textile fabrics. Finally, we investigated the combustion behavior of the textile fabrics by cone calorimetry, measuring the time to ignition, the heat release rate, and the relative peak. The former was found to depend on the type of fabric; the latter generally evidenced a remarkable decrease for all of the treated samples, up to 35% compared to the neat counterparts. This indicated that the sol–gel treatments improved the flame retardancy of the PET/COT fabrics. This conclusion was also confirmed by limiting oxygen index tests, which evidenced burning kinetics changes in the presence of the silica coating. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Quantum Mechanics: The Key to Understanding Magnetism (1978)

The existence of magnetic materials has been known almost since prehistoric times, but only in the 20th century has it been understood how and why the magnetic susceptibility is influenced by chemical composition or crystallographic structure. In the 19th century the pioneer work of Oersted, Ampere, Faraday, and Henry revealed the intimate connection between electricity and magnetism. Maxwell's classical field equations paved the way for the wireless telegraph and the radio. At the turn of the present century Zeeman and Lorentz received the second Nobel Prize in Physics for respectively observing and explaining in terms of classical theory the so-called normal Zeeman effect. The other outstanding early attempt to understand magnetism at the atomic level was provided by the semiempirical theories of Langevin and Weiss. To account for paramagnetism, Langevin (1) in 1905 assumed in a purely ad hoc fashion that an atomic or molecular magnet carried a permanent moment /, whose spatial distribution was determined by the Boltzmann factor. It seems today almost incredible that this elegantly simple idea
Scatter Data For Zinc Selenide At 0.633, 3.39, And 10.6 µm (1986)

The bidirectional scattering distribution functions (BSDF's) of zinc selenide are reported. The scatter in both reflection and transmission modes was measured at 0.6328, 3.39, and 10.6 μm and for several angles of incidence.
On the Correct Extraction of Interface Trap Density of MOS Devices With High-Mobility Semiconductor Substrates (2008)

ldquoConventionalrdquo techniques and related capacitance-voltage characteristic interpretation were established to evaluate interface trap density on Si substrates. We show that blindly applying these techniques on alternative substrates can lead to incorrect conclusions. It is possible to both under- and overestimate the interface trap density by more than an order of magnitude. Pitfalls jeopardizing capacitance-and conductance-voltage characteristic interpretation for alternative semiconductor MOS are elaborated. We show how the conductance method, the most reliable and widely used interface trap density extraction method for Si, can be adapted and made reliable for alternative semiconductors while maintaining its simplicity.