gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lack of a Pharmacokinetic Interaction Between Oral Treprostinil and Bosentan in Healthy Adult Volunteers (2010)

Treprostinil diethanolamine is an oral prostacyclin analog currently being evaluated for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Treprostinil is metabolized primarily by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C8 with minor contribution from CYP2C9. It is expected that oral treprostinil will be administered with bosentan, approved for the treatment of PAH and known to induce CYP2C9 and 3A4. This study evaluated whether a drug interaction exists between oral treprostinil, bosentan, and its active metabolite Ro 48-5033 during co-administration. Twenty-four participants were randomized in a 3-way crossover study to oral treprostinil 1 mg twice daily, bosentan 125 mg twice daily, and oral treprostinil 1 mg twice daily and bosentan 125 mg twice daily. Treprostinil geometric mean ratios (GMRs) (90% confidence interval [CIs]) for steady-state AUC(0-12) and C(max) (combination/treprostinil) were 0.92 (0.83, 1.03) and 0.96 (0.83, 1.11), respectively, whereas bosentan GMRs (combination/bosentan) were 1.02 (0.95, 1.10) and 1.04 (0.94, 1.15), respectively, and Ro 48-5033 GMRs were 0.99 (0.93, 1.06) and 1.03 (0.94, 1.13). In conclusion, because the GMR and 90% CI are within the equivalence interval of 0.8 to 1.25, co-administration of oral treprostinil and bosentan did not result in a pharmacokinetic interaction for either agent.
Primary Treatment of Acromegaly with Octreotide LAR: A Long-Term (Up to Nine Years) Prospective Study of Its Efficacy in the Control of Disease Activity and Tumor Shrinkage (2006)

The efficacy on GH/IGF-I levels in unselected patients and the outstanding volumetric control indicate that treatment with OCLAR may be the first therapeutic approach to all acromegalic patients not amenable to surgical cure. Tumor shrinkage might also encourage the evaluation of primary OCLAR adoption in patients with initial visual field defects.
Hardware pipelining of runtime-detected loops (2012)

Dynamic partitioning is a promising technique where computations are transparently moved from a General Purpose Processor (GPP) to a coprocessor during application execution. To be effective, the mapping of computations to the coprocessor needs to consider aggressive optimizations. One of the mapping optimizations is loop pipelining, a technique extensively studied and known to allow substantial performance improvements. This paper describes a technique for pipelining Megablocks, a type of runtime loop developed for dynamic partitioning. The technique transforms the body of Megab-locks into an acyclic dataflow graph which can be fully pipelined and is based on the atomic execution of loop iterations. For a set of 9 benchmarks without memory operations, we generated pipelined hardware versions of the loops and estimate that the presented loop pipelining technique increases the average speedup of non-pipelined coprocessor accelerated designs from 1.6× to 2.2×. For a larger set of 61 benchmarks which include memory operations, the technique achieves a speedup increase from 2.5× to 5.6×.
Perfusion of isolated rat kidney with Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/Extracellular Vesicles prevents ischaemic injury (2017)

Kidney donation after circulatory death (DCD) is a less than ideal option to meet organ shortages. Hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) with Belzer solution (BS) improves the viability of DCD kidneys, although the graft clinical course remains critical. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) promote tissue repair by releasing extracellular vesicles (EV). We evaluated whether delivering MSC-/MSC-derived EV during HMP protects rat DCD kidneys from ischaemic injury and investigated the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Warm ischaemic isolated kidneys were cold-perfused (4 hrs) with BS, BS supplemented with MSC or EV. Renal damage was evaluated by histology and renal gene expression by microarray analysis, RT-PCR. Malondialdehyde, lactate, LDH, glucose and pyruvate were measured in the effluent fluid. MSC-/EV-treated kidneys showed significantly less global ischaemic damage. In the MSC/EV groups, there was up-regulation of three genes encoding enzymes known to improve cell energy metabolism and three genes encoding proteins involved in ion membrane transport. In the effluent fluid, lactate, LDH, MDA and glucose were significantly lower and pyruvate higher in MSC/EV kidneys as compared with BS, suggesting the larger use of energy substrates by MSC/EV kidneys. The addition of MSC/EV to BS during HMP protects the kidney from ischaemic injury by preserving the enzymatic machinery essential for cell viability and protects the kidney from reperfusion damage.
ChemInform Abstract: FACILE SUBSTITUTION REACTION BETWEEN NONACTIVATED ARYL IODIDES AND ARENETHIOLATES IN THE PRESENCE OF COPPER(I) IODIDE (1981)

Abstract Substituierte Aryliodide (I) reagieren in Hexamethylphosphorsäuretriamid (HMPT) in Gegenwart von Kupfer(l)‐iodid mit Arylthiolat‐Anionen (II) in guten Ausbeuten zu den entsprechenden unsymmetrischen Arylsulfiden (III).
Genre and Culture Teaching in Advanced English (2007)

This paper presents the basic principles of the interactive approach in reading, which is further adopted in Advanced English teaching. From the analysis, the paper concludes that it is necessary for teachers to instill a sense of culture and genre in Advanced English teaching.
FAC1, a Novel Gene Identified with the Monoclonal Antibody Alz50, Is Developmentally Regulated in Human Brain (1995)

The monoclonal antibody Alz50 recognizes both neurofibrillary pathology associated with Alzheimer's disease and subplate neurons in the developing human brain. To attempt to identify Alz50 antigens expressed during development, a human fetal brain cDNA library was immunoscreened. A positive clone was isolated and sequenced. The clone represents a novel gene named FAC1 (Fetal Alz-50-Reactive Clone 1). The FAC1 gene is located on human chromosome 17 and is conserved across species. In the human fetal brain, the FAC1 gene product is abundantly expressed and the protein is located both in the nucleus and the cytoplasm of cells throughout the developing cortex. Decreased levels of FAC1 protein are observed in adult brain by immunoblot analysis. By immunocytochemistry, the FAC1 protein is almost exclusively localized in the nucleus of neurons in the adult neocortex. Therefore, expression of the FAC1 gene is developmentally regulated and the cellular localization of the protein product is altered during development.
Research progress on the role of Beclin1 in endometriosis (2019)

Endometriosis (EMS) is a common gynecological disease in women of reproductive age that causes dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain and infertility, resulting in a major reduction in health-related quality of life. The incidence rate of EMS has increased in recent years. However, the underlying etiology of EMS remains to be fully elucidated. At present, autophagy has become a hotspot of research, and extensive studies have been focused on the involvement of autophagy in EMS. Emerging evidence suggests that there is a close relationship between Beclin1 gene, an essential mediator of autophagy, and EMS. This article reviews the role of Beclin1 in the development and progression of EMS, exploring the potential value of Beclin1 as a therapeutic target for EMS.

Key words: 
Endometriosis; Autophagy; Apoptosis; Beclin1 gene
Outcome following Nerve Repair of High Isolated Clean Sharp Injuries of the Ulnar Nerve (2012)

From the literature, it was not possible to draw a definitive conclusion on outcome of surgical repair of HICS ulnar nerve lesions. Detailed neurological function assessment of our own patients showed that some ulnar nerve function returned. Intrinsic muscle strength recovery was generally poor. Based on this study, one might cautiously argue that repair strategies of HICS ulnar nerve lesions need to be improved.
A facile approach for the synthesis of monolithic hierarchical porous carbons – high performance materials for amine based CO2 capture and supercapacitor electrode (2013)

An ice templating coupled with hard templating and physical activation approach is reported for the synthesis of hierarchically porous carbon monoliths with tunable porosities across all three length scales (macro- meso- and micro), with ultrahigh specific pore volumes ∼11.4 cm3 g−1. The materials function well as amine impregnated supports for CO2 capture and as supercapacitor electrodes.
CD4+CD25+ Cells Controlling a Pathogenic CD4 Response Inhibit Cytokine Differentiation, CXCR-3 Expression, and Tissue Invasion (2004)

It is well established that CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) inhibit autoimmune pathology. However, precisely how the behavior of disease-inducing T cells is altered by Tregs remains unclear. In this study we use a TCR transgenic model of diabetes to pinpoint how pathogenic CD4 T cells are modified by Tregs in vivo. We show that although Tregs only modestly inhibit CD4 cell expansion, they potently suppress tissue infiltration. This is associated with a failure of CD4 cells to differentiate into effector cells and to up-regulate the IFN-gamma-dependent chemokine receptor CXCR-3, which confers the ability to respond to pancreatic islet-derived CXCL10. Our data support a model in which Tregs permit T cell activation, yet prohibit T cell differentiation and migration into Ag-bearing tissues.
Improvement in perioperative outcome after hepatic resection: analysis of 1,803 consecutive cases over the past decade. (2002)

Over the past decade, the use of parenchymal-sparing segmental resections has increased significantly. The number of hepatic segments resected and operative blood loss were the only predictors of both perioperative morbidity and mortality, and reductions in both are largely responsible for the decrease in perioperative mortality, which has occurred despite an increase in concomitant major procedures.
Unsupervised Learning of Disentangled Representations from Video (2017)

We present a new model DrNET that learns disentangled image representations from video. Our approach leverages the temporal coherence of video and a novel adversarial loss to learn a representation that factorizes each frame into a stationary part and a temporally varying component. The disentangled representation can be used for a range of tasks. For example, applying a standard LSTM to the time-vary components enables prediction of future frames. We evaluate our approach on a range of synthetic and real videos, demonstrating the ability to coherently generate hundreds of steps into the future.
Python for Internet GIS Applications (2007)

Python offers a unique capability in the field of geographic information system applications because it helps developers create multipurpose Internet maps. This article discusses PDF maps in particular.
Living with and beyond cancer 1: how well are we helping patients? (2017)

AbstractPeople who have been treated for cancer need to go on with their lives, but some will develop physical and psychological issues that will greatly diminish their quality of life in the long term. The ‘recovery package’ devised by the National Cancer Survivorship Initiative (rolled out between
Implementation of NETCONF Protocol (2019)

The first version of SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) was created in 1988 by IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) as a standard for network management. However, SNMPv1 (and its newer versions 2, 2c and 3) since its beginning has been used mainly only for the network monitoring and very rarely for the configuration of network devices (routers and switches) with its SET commands. Since the beginning of computer networking, the configuration of network devices (routers and switches) has been usually performed by using the vendors' operating systems and their non-standard user CLI (Command Line Interface). This has proven to be a very complex and ineffective solution, especially with fast development and more complexity in the computer networking area. To solve these issues, IETF standard organization created in 2006 the NETCONF protocol in order to define the standard solution for command-oriented CLI user interface for the configuration of network devices of different vendors. Today, more than ten years after the creation of the NETCONF standard there is the question about the actual acceptance of NETCONF protocol in current networks and about the actual maturity of NETCONF standard. The scope of this paper is to compare three ways of configuring the network devices: non standard CLI, standards SNMP and NETCONF.
Magnetic nanoparticle heating and heat transfer on a microscale: Basic principles, realities and physical limitations of hyperthermia for tumour therapy (2013)

In this review article we present basic principles of magnetically induced heat generation of magnetic nanoparticles for application in magnetic particle hyperthermia. After explanation of heating mechanisms, the role of particle-particle as well as particle-tissue interactions is discussed with respect to achievable heating power of the particles inside the tumour. On the basis of heat transfer theory at the micro-scale, the balance between generated and dissipated heat inside the tumour and the resulting damaging effects for biological tissue is examined. The heating behaviour as a function of tumour size is examined in combination with feasible field strength and frequency. Numerical calculations and experimental investigations are used to show the lower tumour size limit for tumour heating to therapeutically suitable temperatures. In summary, this article illuminates practical aspects, limitations, and the state of the art for the application of magnetic heating in magnetic particle hyperthermia as thermal treatment of small tumours.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthetic Route to Prostaglandins. (1986)

Abstract Aus dem Cyclopentenon (I) erhält man durch Behandlung mit O‐Methyl‐hydroxylamin, Epoxidierung und syn‐ß‐E1iminierung die isomeren Hydroxycyclopentenonoxime (II) und (III), die mit Hilfe von α‐Cyclodextrin getrennt werden.
Analytic studies of absorbing and impedance-matched boundary layers (1997)

We provide accurate formulas for the reflection coefficient associated with absorbing and impedance-matched boundary layers as well as from regions with nonequidistant grid point spacings in Schrodinger-like differential equations. We further discuss the optimization of the layer profile.
Antisense oligonucleotides as a potential treatment for brain deficits observed in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (2022)

Myotonic dystrophy, or dystrophia myotonica type 1 (DM1), is a multi-systemic disorder and is the most common adult form of muscular dystrophy. It affects not only muscles but also many organs, including the brain. Cerebral impairments include cognitive deficits, daytime sleepiness, and loss of visuospatial and memory functions. The expression of mutated transcripts with CUG repeats results in a gain of toxic mRNA function. The antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) strategy to treat DM1 brain deficits is limited by the fact that ASOs do not cross the blood-brain barrier after systemic administration, indicating that other methods of delivery should be considered. ASO technology has emerged as a powerful tool for developing potential new therapies for a wide variety of human diseases, and its potential has been proven in a recent clinical trial. Targeting DMPK mRNA in neural cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells obtained from a DM1 patient with the IONIS 486178 ASO abolished CUG-expanded foci, enabled nuclear redistribution of MBNL1/2, and corrected aberrant splicing. Intracerebroventricular injection of the IONIS 486178 ASO in DMSXL mice decreased the levels of mutant DMPK mRNAs by up to 70% throughout different brain regions. It also reversed behavioral abnormalities following neonatal administration. The present study indicated that the IONIS 486178 ASO targets mutant DMPK mRNAs in the brain and strongly supports the feasibility of a therapy for DM1 patients based on the intrathecal injection of an ASO.
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score: Agreement between non-small-cell lung cancer patients and their oncologists and clinical implications (2015)

Oncologists use Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score to assess patients' performance status (PS) and guide treatment decisions, but patients may not necessarily agree on their scores. We compared PS scores assessed by patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to those of their medical oncologists to explore concordance and whether any discrepancy may have implications on treatment and survival prediction. NSCLC patients self-assessed their PS scores using the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment tool prior to chemotherapy. Kappa was used to assess agreement of ECOG scores between patients and oncologists. Survival was calculated from date of chemotherapy using Kaplan Meier method. A total of 79 patients (median age 63 years, 87% stages IIIB/IV) were included. PS scores differed in 34 (43%) cases. The inter-rater reliability between patients and their oncologists was Kappa=0.35 (p<0.001). In 31/34 (91%) of cases where the physicians and patients did not agree, physicians were more optimistic in their PS rating. If only patient PS scores were used, 11 patients (14%) would be deemed unfit for chemotherapy (ECOG≥3) and 21 patients (27%) would be excluded from most chemotherapy trials (ECOG≥2). ECOG (0 versus >0) irrespective of assessor was predictive of survival (p=0.017–0.023). There was only fair agreement in PS scores assessed by NSCLC patients and oncologists, with patient scores usually poorer. A number of patients would have excluded themselves from therapeutic interventions including clinical trials based on their PS rating.
Formulating an Ideal Protein Photoresist for Fabricating Dynamic Microstructures with High Aspect Ratios and Uniform Responsiveness (2016)

The physical properties of aqueous-based stimuli-responsive photoresists are crucial in fabricating microstructures with high structural integrity and uniform responsiveness during two-photon lithography. Here, we quantitatively investigate how various components within bovine serum albumin (BSA) photoresists affect our ability to achieve BSA microstructures with consistent stimuli-responsive properties over areas exceeding 10(4) μm(2). We unveil a relationship between BSA concentration and dynamic viscosity, establishing a threshold viscosity to achieve robust BSA microstructures. We also demonstrate the addition of an inert polymer to the photoresist as viscosity enhancer. A set of systematically optimized processing parameters is derived for the construction of dynamic BSA microstructures. The optimized BSA photoresists and processing parameters enable us to extend the two-dimensional (2D) microstructures to three-dimensional (3D) ones, culminating in arrays of micropillars with aspect ratio > 10. Our findings foster the development of liquid stimuli-responsive photoresists to build multifunctional complex 3D geometries for applications such as bioimplantable devices or adaptive photonic systems.
Glycome-DB.org: A portal for querying across the digital world of carbohydrate sequences (2009)

Despite ongoing harmonization efforts, the major carbohydrate sequence databases following the first initiative in this field, CarbBank, are still isolated islands, with mechanisms for automatic structure exchange and comparison largely missing. This unfavorable situation has been overcome with a systematic data integration effort, resulting in the GlycomeDB, a meta-database for public carbohydrate sequences. It contains at present 35,056 unique structures in GlycoCT encoding, referencing more than 100,000 external records from 1845 different taxonomic sources. We have created a user-friendly, web-based graphical interface which allows taxonomic and structural data to be entered and searched for. The structural search possibilities include substructure search, similarity search, and maximum common substructure. A novel search refinement mechanism allows the assembly of complex queries. With GlycomeDB (www.glycome-db.org), it is now possible to use a single portal to access all digitally encoded, public structural data in glycomics and to perform complex queries with the help of a web-based user interface.
Towards provably secure trust and reputation systems in e-marketplaces (2007)

In this paper, we present a framework for evaluating the security of trust and reputation systems for electronic marketplaces populated with buying and selling agents. Our proposed framework offers a method for researchers to understand the security of their systems, and to provide precise guarantees of the degree of provable security that these systems offer. We demonstrate the viability of our proposed framework by presenting a specific monetary-based trust system known as Trunits, along with an analysis that shows that Trunits provides a guaranteed level of security for buyers.
Counterrotator And Correlator For GPS Receivers (1989)

Accurate, all-digital, high-speed processor comprising correlator and down-converter developed for receivers in Global Positioning System (GPS). Processor reduces roundoff and commensurability errors to extremely small values. Use of digital chip and phase advancers provides outstanding control and accuracy in phase and feedback. Great flexibility imparted by provision for arbitrary starting time and integration length. Minimum-bit design requires minimum number of logical elements, thereby reducing size, power, and cost.
Thermal Properties of Carboxymethylcellulose and Methyl Methacrylate Graft Copolymers (2013)

Abstract Carboxymethyl cellulose and methyl methacrylate graft copolymers (CMC-g-PMMA) were synthesized by using potassium persulphate (KPS) as initiator. These graft copolymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), and differential scanning calorimeter analyses (DSC). In addition, the nonisothermal thermal decomposition kinetics of copolymers was studied. The experimental results indicated that in the temperature range from 300°C to 450°C, the copolymer had a mass loss. The activation energy was 41.96 kJ/mol, and the logarithm of the Arrhenius coefficient (lnA) was 17.31. Keywords: carboxymethyl cellulosegraft copolymerskineticsmethyl methacrylatenonisothermal thermal decompositionthermogravimetric analysis Acknowledgment This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China (B201014) and the Foundation of Heilongjiang Department of Transport of China (2012-43).
Carbon Nanotubes - Growth and Applications (2011)

Carbon Nanotubes are among the strongest, toughest, and most stiff materials found on earth. Moreover, they have remarkable electrical and thermal properties, which make them suitable for many applications including nanocomposites, electronics, and chemical detection devices. This book is the effort of many scientists and researchers all over the world to bring an anthology of recent developments in the field of nanotechnology and more specifically CNTs. In this book you will find: <br />- Recent developments in the growth of CNTs<br />- Methods to modify the surfaces of CNTs and decorate their surfaces for specific applications<br />- Applications of CNTs in biocomposites such as in orthopedic bone cement<br />- Application of CNTs as chemical sensors<br />- CNTs for fuelcells<br />- Health related issues when using CNTs<br />