gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HIGH-FREQUENCY OSCILLATIONS FROM CHUA'S CIRCUIT (1993)

The preliminary results of experimental investigations of chaotic oscillations from Chua's circuit at high frequencies are reported. The double-scroll Chua's attractor with the usual set of LC-circuit parameters was observed at 100 KHz. A new region in the parameter space of Chua's circuit was discovered where the double-scroll Chua's attractor exists which allows an increase in the working frequency of up to 300 KHz. The highest central frequency f = 7.65 MHz of a chaotic oscillation was obtained for the case of Chua's circuit with a one-mode coaxial resonator. The ergodic torus and resonant tori with different rational Poincaré rotation numbers are observed. The possibility for obtaining from Chua's circuit the spread spectrum chaotic signals was shown.
Linearity-optimized power tracking GaN HEMT Doherty amplifier using derivative superposition technique for repeater systems (2008)

This paper presents the linearity-optimized power tracking Gallium Nitride (GaN) high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) Doherty power amplifier (DPA) for wide-band code division multiple access (WCDMA) repeater systems. Also, we analyze effects of the drain bias of the carrier amplifier on the linearity and efficiency of the DPA. To improve linearity of the DPA without extra linearization techniques, the derivative superposition technique (DST) is employed by using higher drain bias of carrier amplifier than that of peaking amplifier and the optimization of the gate bias of peaking amplifier. The optimum drain and gate biases are adaptively controlled by the power tracking bias supply circuit. For experimental validation, the DPA is designed and implemented with 25-W peak envelope power (PEP) GaN HEMT and tested with a 1-carrier WCDMA signal of 2.14 GHz. At an adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) of −45 dBc, a Pout of 39.4 dBm (7.6-dB back-off power from Psat) and a power-added efficiency (PAE) of 31.8% is achieved for the power tracking DPA. For the conventional DPA, a Pout of 32.7 dBm with a PAE of 21.4% is achieved at an ACLR of −45 dBc.
Insomnia - treatment pathways, costs and quality of life (2011)

The study has brought to light a number of problems relating to the treatment of insomnia in New Zealand. There is both inadequate access to publicly funded treatment and insufficient publicly available information from which a consumer is able to make an informed decision on the treatment and provider options. This study suggests that successful treatment of insomnia leads to direct cost savings and improved quality of life.
Selective Service and Military Medical Manpower (1968)

Much has been written about the developing shortage of medical manpower. The demand for medical services is greater than the amount physicians under the present system are able to furnish. Obviously, we must increase the output of our existing medical schools, develop new medical schools, and use the physician's time more efficiently and effectively. We have few physicians less than 35 years of age who have not served in the Armed Forces. It is now necessary for us to interrupt residency programs in the second, third, and fourth years, take men from large private practices with a large segment of the community dependent upon them, and interrupt teaching and research programs by taking instructors and assistant professors. Physicians now being selected would have been considered essential to the community welfare three years ago. The need for physicians is obvious; means for obtaining them is complicated. <h3>Classification and Deferment.—</h3> When an
The Effects of Climatic Factors on the Tree Ring Growth of Pinus densiflora (2008)

본 연구는 우리나라에 생육하고 있는 소나무의 지역별 연륜생장의 특성 및 기후권역 분류에 의한 온도 및 강수량이 임목의 연륜생장에 미치는 영향에 대하여 연륜생태학적 측면에서의 해석을 시도하였다. 전국 28개 시군 지역을 대상으로 기후 권역별 군집분석에 의하여 구분된 5개 기후권역은 거창, 보은, 봉화, 영주, 영동, 영월, 원주, 제천, 태백 등의 백두대간지방과 구미, 대구, 문경, 안동, 영천, 의성 등의 경북내륙지방, 금산, 남원, 임실, 장수 등의 호남내륙지방, 밀양, 산청, 진주, 합천 등의 경남내륙지방과 그리고 김해, 영덕, 울산, 울진, 포항 등의 동부해안지방으로 분류되었다. 이에 따른 각 지역별 소나무의 연륜생장과 월별평균 온도, 월별강수량간의 관계를 분석한 결과, 백두대간지방은 당해연도 3월, 경북내륙지방과 동부해안지방은 당해연도의 2~3월 그리고 호남내륙지방은 생장기 전년도 10월에서 부의 상관으로 나타났다. 백두대간지방은 당해연도 4월, 경북내륙지방은 전년도 8월과 9월 그리고 당해연도 3월에서 정의 상관을, 호남내륙과 경남내륙지방에서는 생장기 당해연도 6월, 동부해안지역에서 6월과 9월의 강수가 정의 상관으로 나타났다. This study was carried out to analyze the relationship between major climatic factors (temperature and precipitation) and tree ring growth of Pinus densiflora in 28 cities and counties in Korea. To examine tree ring growth of Pinus densiflora and the response of the climatic factors to climate change, the regional climatic data (for how many years??) from weather stations were categorized by five groups using cluster analysis for major climatic factors. In terms of relationship between monthly average temperature and tree ring growth of Pinus densiflora, negative correlations were observed for the temperatures in March of the present year in Baekdudaegan region and those in February and March in Gyeongbuk and East coast region. In addition, the temperature in October of the previous year was also negatively correlated with tree ring growth. Precipitation was positively correlated with the April and June temperatures of the present year in Baekdudaegan region and Gyeongbuk, respectively. Precipitation effect on the tree ring growth with current year June in Honam and Gyeongnam inland region and June, September in East coast region.
A new organic modifier for anti-stiction (2001)

The chemical and mechanical characteristics of a new surface modifier, dialkyldichloromethylsilane (DDMS, CH/sub 3/)/sub 2/SiCl/sub 2/, for stiction-free polysilicon surfaces are reported. The main strategy is to replace the conventional monoalkyl-trichlorosilane (MTS, RSiCl/sub 3/) such as octadecyltrichlorosilane (ODTS) or 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane (FDTS) with dichlorodisilane (DDS, R/sub 2/SiCl/sub 2/) with two short chains, especially DDMS. DDMS, with shorter chains in aprotic media, rapidly deposits on the chemically oxidized polysilicon surface at room temperature and successfully prevents long cantilevers 3 mm in length from in-use as well as release stiction. DDMS-modified polysilicon surfaces exhibit satisfactory hydrophobicity, long term stability and thermal stability, which are comparable to those of FDTS. DDMS as an alternative to FDTS and ODTS provides a few valuable advantages; ease in handling and storage of the solution, low temperature-dependence and low cost. In addition to the new modifier molecule, the simplified process of direct release right after washing the modified surface with isooctane was proposed to cut the processing time.
Platelet-rich plasma improves expansion of human mesenchymal stem cells and retains differentiation capacity and<i>in vivo</i>bone formation in calcium phosphate ceramics (2006)

The replacement of FCS by PRP eliminated risks connected with the use of xenogeneic supplements. It improved expansion of MSC and retained their differentiation and in vivo bone formation capacity in a setting adaptable to autogenous use.
Switchable intramolecular oxidative amidation of 4-arylquinoline-3-carboxamides: divergent access to dibenzo[<i>c</i>,<i>f</i>][2,7]naphthyridinones and spirocyclohexadienones (2017)

A Na<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub>-mediated switchable oxidative cyclization of 4-arylquinoline-3-carboxamides is described.
Perceiving emotion: towards a realistic understanding of the task (2009)

A decade ago, perceiving emotion was generally equated with taking a sample (a still photograph or a few seconds of speech) that unquestionably signified an archetypal emotional state, and attaching the appropriate label. Computational research has shifted that paradigm in multiple ways. Concern with realism is key. Emotion generally colours ongoing action and interaction: describing that colouring is a different problem from categorizing brief episodes of relatively pure emotion. Multiple challenges flow from that. Describing emotional colouring is a challenge in itself. One approach is to use everyday categories describing states that are partly emotional and partly cognitive. Another approach is to use dimensions. Both approaches need ways to deal with gradual changes over time and mixed emotions. Attaching target descriptions to a sample poses problems of both procedure and validation. Cues are likely to be distributed both in time and across modalities, and key decisions may depend heavily on context. The usefulness of acted data is limited because it tends not to reproduce these features. By engaging with these challenging issues, research is not only achieving impressive results, but also offering a much deeper understanding of the problem.
Thermal-hydraulic analysis of cross-shaped spiral fuel in high power density BWRs (2007)

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2007.
Dehydrogenative Coupling of Ethanol and Ester Hydrogenation Catalyzed by Pincer-Type YNP Complexes (2016)

The “Y” donor group (Y = −OMe, −SEt, −PPh2, −NH2, −NMe2, −Py, pyrrolidinyl, quinolyl) of the pincer-type ruthenium complexes RuHCl(CO)[κ3-YNP] has a dramatic influence on the catalytic activity in the dehydrogenative homocoupling and cross-coupling of ethanol and ester hydrogenation reactions. The observations are connected with the mechanisms of the catalytic reactions, and this paper provides evidence for ester C–O bond formation/cleavage assisted by the bifunctional catalysts in an outer-sphere fashion, reminiscent of the Tishchenko chemistry.
Suppression of Experimental Autoimmune Optic Neuritis by the Novel Agent Fingolimod (2013)

Fingolimod ameliorated EAON even when started after optic neuritis had developed. Further study is warranted to examine whether these findings are applicable to human disease.
Dispersal by <i>Propithecus verreauxi</i> at Beza Mahafaly, Madagascar: 1984–1991 (1993)

From 1984 to 1991, 126 males and females were marked and monitored in a wild population of Propithecus verreauxi in southwest Madagascar. Animals were assigned birth years, based on known birth date or degree of dental wear calibrated by recapture data. Twenty-one of 27 groups identified in 1984 persisted within stable home range boundaries, 6 groups disappeared, and 6 new groups formed. Only males transferred between existing groups, although individuals of both sexes left groups to form new groups. The home range of the group into which a male transferred usually overlapped that of his group of origin. On average, 35% of males aged 3-6 years transferred each year. Older males transferred at a lower rate. Three to 6-year-old males were more likely than older males to transfer two or three times. Most 3-6-year old males transferred into groups with a higher proportion and number of females, whereas older males were progressively more likely to transfer into groups with a lower proportion and number of females. New groups were formed by older males, whose mates had died or who had not been successful in joining an existing group, and by young, nulliparous females. Males have rarely been observed for more than 5 years in the same group. Dispersal by 3-6-year-old males appeared to be voluntary. Females helped evict non-natal males from the group but did not prevent new males from joining. Age at first reproduction was 5 years in this population. Forced secondary dispersal may occur when maturing females cease to tolerate males who may be their fathers. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
LiDAR Point Cloud Registration by Image Detection Technique (2012)

In this letter, a novel approach that utilizes the spectrum information (i.e., images) provided in a modern light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensor is proposed for the registration of multistation LiDAR data sets. First, the conjugate points in the images collected at varied LiDAR stations are extracted through the speedup robust feature technique. Then, by applying the image-object space mapping technique, the 3-D coordinates of the conjugate image points can be obtained. Those identified 3-D conjugate points are then fed into a registration model so that the transformation parameters can be immediately solved using the efficient noniterative solution to linear transformations technique. Based on numerical results from a case study, it has been demonstrated that, by implementing the proposed approach, a fully automatic and reliable registration of multistation LiDAR point clouds can be achieved without the need for any human intervention.
Ephrin A2 receptor targeting does not increase adenoviral pancreatic cancer transduction in vivo (2009)

Targeting the EphA2 receptor increases specificity of adenoviral transduction of human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro but fails to enhance pancreatic cancer transduction in vivo.
Degradation of extracellular matrix by the trophoblastic cells of first‐trimester human placentas (1985)

First-trimester human placental villi were cultured on 3H-leucine-labeled extracellular matrices isolated from the PF HR9 and PYS-2 cell lines. Both cell lines produced an extracellular matrix that contained basement membrane-specific macromolecules, including type IV collagen, laminin and proteoglycan. Both matrices promoted outgrowth of cells from the villi which, according to morphological criteria, were identified as cytotrophoblastic cells. As the cells migrated from the attachment site, they caused a marked focal dissolution of the matrix which was accompanied by a concomitant release of 3H-labeled material into the media. Approximately half of this material chromatographed near the inclusion volume of Sephadex G-50, indicating that the labeled matrix components had been degraded. This phenomenon was dependent on the age of the placenta. Second-trimester placental villi also adhered to the matrix, but no areas of dissolution were formed and no significant amounts of radioactivity were released into the medium. These results suggest that culture of first-trimester human placental villi on extracellular matrices may be useful for the study of some of the early embryonic events leading to human implantation, during which the trophoblastic cells erode the uterine epithelium.
Controlling barite sag can reduce drilling problems (1994)

A new method for tracking drilling fluid density variations helps detect barite sag, which may contribute to drilling problems. The method is based in part on continuously measuring fluid density during the first circulation after the fluid has been static for some time. In deviated wells or wells with weighted fluids, barite sag has aggravated or caused drilling problems such as lost circulation, stuck pipe, high torque and drag, poor cement jobs, logging difficulties, and well-control difficulties. Sag is defined as a significant variation in mud density measured during the first bottoms-up circulation after a weighted mud has remained static for some time in a directional well. The density variations are caused in part by slumping of beds formed when weight material settles to the low side of the hole. Furthermore, the bed formation occurs while the fluid is circulating and not just during static conditions. The paper discusses the following: sag mechanisms, complex flow, field measurements, laboratory studies, sag index, and minimizing sag.
A 60-GHz 90-nm CMOS cascode amplifier with interstage matching (2007)

The design of a 60 GHz cascode amplifier in a 90 nm technology is described. The amplifier uses an interstage matching to increase the gain and to provide a better power match between the common-source and the common-gate transistor of the cascode device. Both the common-source and the common-gate transistor make use of an optimized round-table layout, which minimizes all terminal resistances and thus improves the mm-wave performance of the nMOS transistors. A record f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> of 300 GHz is achieved for a 40 mum round-table nMOS in 90 nm CMOS. The cascode amplifier achieves a gain of 7.5 dB at 60 GHz with a DC power consumption of only 6.7 mW. When compared to a shared-junction cascode amplifier or a two-stage common-source cascade amplifier, the presented cascode amplifier is favorable in terms of power gain and DC power consumption
Impact of the Natural Compound Urolithin A on Health, Disease, and Aging (2021)

Urolithin A (UA) is a natural compound produced by gut bacteria from ingested ellagitannins (ETs) and ellagic acid (EA), complex polyphenols abundant in foods such as pomegranate, berries, and nuts. UA was discovered 40 years ago, but only recently has its impact on aging and disease been explored. UA enhances cellular health by increasing mitophagy and mitochondrial function and reducing detrimental inflammation. Several preclinical studies show how UA protects against aging and age-related conditions affecting muscle, brain, joints, and other organs. In humans, benefits of UA supplementation in the muscle are supported by recent clinical trials in elderly people. Here, we review the state of the art of UA's biology and its translational potential as a nutritional intervention in humans.
Nuclear magnetic resonance assignment and secondary structure of an ankyrin‐like repeat‐bearing protein: Myotrophin (1997)

Multidimensional heteronuclear NMR has been applied to the structural analysis of myotrophin, a novel protein identified from spontaneously hypertensive rat hearts and hypertrophic human hearts. Myotrophin has been shown to stimulate protein synthesis in myocytes and likely plays an important role in the initiation of cardiac hypertrophy, a major cause of mortality in humans. Recent cDNA cloning revealed that myotrophin has 11B amino acids containing 2.5 contiguous ANK repeats, a motif known to be involved in a wide range of macromolecular recognition. A series of two- and three-dimensional heteronuclear bond correlation NMR experiments have been performed on uniformly 15N-labeled or uniformly 15N/13C-labeled protein to obtain the 1H, 15N, and 13C chemical shift assignments. The secondary structure of myotrophin has been determined by a combination of NOEs, NH exchange data, 3JHN alpha coupling constants, and chemical shifts of 1H alpha, 13C alpha, and 13 C beta. The protein has been found to consist of seven helices, all connected by turns or loops. Six of the seven helices (all but the C-terminal helix) form three separate helix-turn-helix motifs. The two full ANK repeats in myotrophin are characteristic of multiple turns followed by a helix-turn-helix motif. A hairpin-like turn involving L32-R36 in ANK repeat #1 exhibits slow conformational averaging on the NMR time scale and appears dynamically different from the corresponding region (D65-169) of ANK repeat #2.
Flaviviral Replication Complex: Coordination between RNA Synthesis and 5’-RNA Capping (2015)

Genome replication in flavivirus requires (-) strand RNA synthesis, (+) strand RNA synthesis, and 51-RNA capping and methylation. To carry out viral genome replication, flavivirus assembles a replication complex, consisting of both viral and host proteins, on the cytoplasmic side of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Two major components of the replication complex are the viral non-structural (NS) proteins NS3 and NS5. Together they possess all the enzymatic activities required for genome replication, yet how these activities are coordinated during genome replication is not clear. We provide an overview of the flaviviral genome replication process, the membrane-bound replication complex, and recent crystal structures of full-length NS5. We propose a model of how NS3 and NS5 coordinate their activities in the individual steps of (-) RNA synthesis, (+) RNA synthesis, and 51-RNA capping and methylation.
Predictive Relationship between Polyphenol and Nonfat Cocoa Solids Content of Chocolate (2007)

Chocolate is often labeled with percent cocoa solids content. It is assumed that higher cocoa solids contents are indicative of higher polyphenol concentrations, which have potential health benefits. However, cocoa solids include polyphenol-free cocoa butter and polyphenol-rich nonfat cocoa solids (NFCS). In this study the strength of the relationship between NFCS content (estimated by theobromine as a proxy) and polyphenol content was tested in chocolate samples with labeled cocoa solids contents in the range of 20-100%, grouped as dark (n = 46), milk (n = 8), and those chocolates containing inclusions such as wafers or nuts (n = 15). The relationship was calculated with regard to both total polyphenol content and individual polyphenols. In dark chocolates, NFCS is linearly related to total polyphenols (r2 = 0.73). Total polyphenol content appears to be systematically slightly higher for milk chocolates than estimated by the dark chocolate model, whereas for chocolates containing other ingredients, the estimates fall close to or slightly below the model results. This shows that extra components such as milk, wafers, or nuts might influence the measurements of both theobromine and polyphenol contents. For each of the six main polyphenols (as well as their sum), the relationship with the estimated NFCS was much lower than for total polyphenols (r2 < 0.40), but these relationships were independent of the nature of the chocolate type, indicating that they might still have some predictive capabilities.
Improved Methods for Finding Association Rules (1994)

Association rules are statements of the form &quot;for 90 % of the rows of the relation, if the row has value 1 in the columns in set W , then it has 1 also in column B&quot;. Agrawal, Imielinski, and Swami introduced the problem of mining association rules from large collections of data, and gave a method based on successive passes over the database. We give an improved algorithm for the problem. The method is based on careful combinatorial analysis of the information obtained in previous passes; this makes it possible to eliminate unnecessary candidate rules. Experiments on a university course enrollment database indicate that the method outperforms the previous one by a factor of 5. We also give simple information-theoretic lower bounds for the problem of finding association rules, and show that sampling is in general a very efficient way of finding such rules. Computing Reviews Categories and Subject Descriptors: H.3.3 [Information Systems]: Information Storage and Retrieval -- Information...
Circadian rhythms in gene transcription imparted by chromosome compaction in the cyanobacterium <i>Synechococcus elongatus</i> (2006)

In the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus (PCC 7942) the kai genes A, B, and C and the sasA gene encode the functional protein core of the timing mechanism essential for circadian clock regulation of global gene expression. The Kai proteins comprise the central timing mechanism, and the sensor kinase SasA is a primary transducer of temporal information. We demonstrate that the circadian clock also regulates a chromosome compaction rhythm. This chromosome compaction rhythm is both circadian clock-controlled and kai-dependent. Although sasA is required for global gene expression rhythmicity, it is not required for these chromosome compaction rhythms. We also demonstrate direct control by the Kai proteins on the rate at which the SasA protein autophosphorylates. Thus, to generate and maintain circadian rhythms in gene expression, the Kai proteins keep relative time, communicate temporal information to SasA, and may control access to promoter elements by imparting rhythmic chromosome compaction.