gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurement of health‐related quality of life in multiple myeloma (1996)

When a randomized trial (NMSG 4/90) comparing treatment with melphalan/prednisone to melphalan/ prednisone + interferon alpha-2b in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma was initiated in 1990, a quality-of-life assessment was integrated into the study. We used the questionnaire (QLQ-C30) developed by the European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Study Group on Quality of Life. The QLQ-C30 incorporates five functional scales, three symptom scales, a global health and quality-of life scale and some single symptom measures. The questionnaire was completed prior to treatment and after 1, 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 months. 524 (90.2%) of 581 patients enrolled in the NMSG 4/90 completed the first questionnaire, and 484 (83.3%) completed all questionnaires given to them. All but one of the scales met the minimum criteria of reliability (Cronbach's alpha >/ 0.70). Validity was shown by (1) the ability of the scales to discriminate clearly between patients differing in clinical status as defined by pretreatment W.H.O. performance index and Durie & Salmon stage, and (2) the sensitivity to changes in objective disease status (response and relapse). This is the first report of the measurement of health-related quality of life in a prospective clinical trial in multiple myeloma. The results demonstrate that the QLQ-C30 is a reliable and valid instrument for the measurement of quality of life in these patients. The data will be used for a cost-utility analysis of the results of the NMSG 4/90 trial.
Postremission treatment of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia in first complete remission after intensive induction chemotherapy:results of the multicenter randomized Acute Leukemia French Association (ALFA) 9803 trial (2007)

In elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treated intensively, no best postremission strategy has emerged yet. This clinical trial enrolled 416 patients with AML aged 65 years or older who were considered eligible for standard intensive chemotherapy, with a first randomization comparing idarubicin with daunorubicin for all treatment sequences. After induction, an ambulatory postremission strategy based on 6 consolidation cycles administered monthly in outpatients was randomly compared with an intensive strategy with a single intensive consolidation course similar to induction. Complete remission (CR) rate was 57% with 10% induction deaths, and estimated overall survival was 27% at 2 years and 12% at 4 years, without notable differences between anthracycline arms. Among the 236 patients who reached CR, 164 (69%) were randomized for the postremission comparison. In these patients, the multivariate odds ratio in favor of the ambulatory arm was 1.51 for disease-free survival (P.05) and 1.59 for overall survival from CR (P.04). Despite repeated courses of chemotherapy associated with a longer time under treatment, the ambulatory arm was associated with significantly shorter rehospitalization duration and lower red blood cell unit and platelet transfusion requirements than observed in the intensive arm. In conclusion, more prolonged ambulatory treatment should be preferred to intensive chemotherapy as postremission therapy in elderly patients with AML reaching CR after standard intensive remission induction.
Screening of DNA copy‐number aberrations in gastric cancer cell lines by array‐based comparative genomic hybridization (2005)

We performed genome-wide screening for deoxyribonucleic acid copy-number aberrations in 31 gastric cancer (GC) cell lines by using custom-made comparative genomic hybridization (CGH)-array. Copy-number gains were frequently detected at 1q, 3q, 5p, 7p, 7q, 8q, 11q, 17q, 20p, 20q, Xp and Xq, and losses at 3p, 4p, 4q, 8p, 9p, 18p and 18q. With respect to histological subtypes, copy-number gains at 1p, 16p, 20p, 20q and 22q, and losses at 8p, 10p, 10q and 18q were significantly frequent in cell lines derived from tumors of the well-differentiated type, whereas copy-number gains at 1q, 7p, 7q, Xp and Xq were frequent in the undifferentiated type. Homozygous deletions were seen at five loci, whereas high-level amplifications were detected in 15 of the 31 GC cell lines; these had occurred at 24 loci, including the segment containing CDK6 (7q21.2). Amplification of that gene had never been reported in GC before. Immunohistochemical studies showed increased levels of CDK6 protein in 54 of the 292 primary GC samples we examined (18.5%). Cytoplasmic localization of CDK6, as well as CDK6 over-expression, was more frequent in well-differentiated GC than in undifferentiated tumors. Nuclear expression of CDK6 was more frequent in early stage GC than in advanced tumors, suggesting that nuclear localization of CDK6 is likely to be a prognostic factor for GC. Taken together, our data indicate that CDK6 might be involved in the pathogenesis of GC and, more generally, that CGH-arrays have a powerful potential for identifying novel cancer-related genetic changes in a variety of tumors.
Health professions funding in jeopardy (2001)

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A 60% cut in federal funding for Title VII and VIII health professions programs and the complete elimination of funding for training in primary care, including general pediatrics and family medicine, is proposed under the president’s fiscal year 2002 budget.

The Academy
Automated abstraction of building models for 3D navigation on mobile devices (2011)

Due to their limited expressive capabilities and computational resources, typical mobile devices are still not appropriate for real-time 3D navigation, in particular when widespread building models in the urban environments have a very detailed geometry. In order to better balance the capability of mobile devices and the perception demands of the users in 3D navigation, this paper proposes an automated algorithm to generate structure-preserving abstractions of building models for the purpose of suitable dataset preparation. Building models are segmented into different structural parts, and each structural part is approximated by a convex polyhedron, then the convex parts are combined together to achieve the ultimate abstraction. The robustness and efficiency of the algorithm is proved by extensive experiments.
New techniques for cartilage magnetic resonance imaging relaxation time analysis: Texture analysis of flattened cartilage and localized intra‐ and inter‐subject comparisons (2008)

MR relaxation time measurements of knee cartilage have shown potential to characterize knee osteoarthritis (OA). In this work, techniques that allow localized intra- and inter-subject comparisons of cartilage relaxation times, as well as cartilage flattening for texture analysis parallel and perpendicular to the natural cartilage layers, are presented. The localized comparisons are based on the registration of bone structures and the assignment of relaxation time feature vectors to each point in the bone-cartilage interface. Cartilage flattening was accomplished with Bezier splines and warping, and texture analysis was performed with second-order texture measures using gray-level co-occurrence matrices (GLCM). In a cohort of five normal subjects the performance and reproducibility of the techniques were evaluated using T1rho maps of femoral knee cartilage. The feasibility of creating a mean cartilage relaxation time map is also presented. Successful localized intra- and inter-subject T1rho comparisons were obtained with reproducibility similar to that reported in the literature for regional T2. Improvement of the reproducibility of GLCM features was obtained by flattening the T1rho maps. The results indicate that the presented techniques have potential in longitudinal and population studies of knee OA at different stages of the disease.
A CMOS optical microspectrometer with light-to-frequency converter, bus interface, and stray-light compensation (2001)

A single-chip CMOS optical microspectrometer containing an array of 16 addressable Fabry-Perot (F-P) etalons (each one with different resonance cavity length), photodetectors, and circuits for readout, multiplexing, and driving a serial bus interface has been fabricated in a standard 1.6-/spl mu/m CMOS technology (chip area 3.9 /spl times/ 4.2 mm/sup 2/). The result is a chip that can operate using only four external connections (including V/sub dd/ and V/sub ss/) covering the optical range of 380-500 nm with FNVHM = 18 nm. Frequency output and serial bus interface allow easy multisensor, multichip interfacing using a microcontroller or a personal computer. Also, stray-light compensation techniques are implemented. Power consumption is 1250 /spl mu/W at a clock frequency of 1 MHz.
Making Slicing Mainstream How can we be Weiser (2005)

By now, the concept of program slicing has been known in the research community for around 25 years. As a research topic, it has enjoyed a fair share of popularity, evidenced by the number of articles published on the topic following Mark Weiser's seminal paper. However, outside research circles, program slicing appears to be virtually unknown.
	
In this report, we take the premise that program slicing is both technically relevant, and has a sufficient theoretical foundation, to be applied in practice within the software industry. With this premise in mind, we ask ourselves, ``what are the mechanisms by which we as a community could make program slicing mainstream''?
Silicon photonic add-drop microring filter banks with pinch-resistor characteristics (2017)

We design and demonstrate widely-tunable large-FSR dual-microring add/drop filters. The integrated resistive tuning section in microrings included “pinched” p-n junctions, limiting the current at higher voltages and inhibiting damage under microsecond-scale pre-emphasized drive.
Central Hypotensive Action of Clonidine Requires Nitric Oxide (2001)

Background- Clonidine has an antihypertensive effect by its action in the brain and, because we observed that the tonic production of nitric oxide (NO) in the brain is required to maintain blood pressure at its low, normotensive level, the current study was designed to determine whether the hypotensive action of clonidine resulted from its stimulation of excess NO in the brain. Methods and Results- Porphyritic microsensors were used to quantify NO concentration in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) in vitro in brain slices and in vivo in the anesthetized rat. In both preparations, the basal production of NO in the NTS was 15+/-3 nmol/L. In vitro stimulation of the NTS with clonidine (50 nmol/L) resulted in an increase in the NO concentration to 84+/-7 nmol/L. In vivo, the intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion of clonidine (0.03 microgram) caused an increase in NO concentration in the NTS to 128+/-17 nmol/L. This ICV injection of clonidine caused a fall in mean arterial pressure of -22+/-1 mm Hg and a decrease of heart rate of -18+/-2%. The blockade of NO production with N(G)-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (2 micromol; delivered ICV, 30 minutes before the clonidine) reduced responses to clonidine for both mean arterial pressure and heart rate (-3+/-1 mm Hg and -2+/-1% change, respectively). Conclusion- The stimulation of the release of NO in the brain by clonidine contributes to its central antihypertensive action.
Thioredoxins, Glutaredoxins, and Peroxiredoxins—Molecular Mechanisms and Health Significance: from Cofactors to Antioxidants to Redox Signaling (2013)

Thioredoxins (Trxs), glutaredoxins (Grxs), and peroxiredoxins (Prxs) have been characterized as electron donors, guards of the intracellular redox state, and "antioxidants". Today, these redox catalysts are increasingly recognized for their specific role in redox signaling. The number of publications published on the functions of these proteins continues to increase exponentially. The field is experiencing an exciting transformation, from looking at a general redox homeostasis and the pathological oxidative stress model to realizing redox changes as a part of localized, rapid, specific, and reversible redox-regulated signaling events. This review summarizes the almost 50 years of research on these proteins, focusing primarily on data from vertebrates and mammals. The role of Trx fold proteins in redox signaling is discussed by looking at reaction mechanisms, reversible oxidative post-translational modifications of proteins, and characterized interaction partners. On the basis of this analysis, the specific regulatory functions are exemplified for the cellular processes of apoptosis, proliferation, and iron metabolism. The importance of Trxs, Grxs, and Prxs for human health is addressed in the second part of this review, that is, their potential impact and functions in different cell types, tissues, and various pathological conditions.
Movement and Crevices Around a Sodium Channel S3 Segment (2002)

Voltage sensing is due mainly to the movement of positively charged S4 segments through the membrane electric field during changes of membrane potential. The roles of other transmembrane segments are under study. The S3 segment of domain 4 (D4/S3) in the sodium channel Na(v)1.4 carries two negatively charged residues and has been implicated in voltage-dependent gating. We substituted cysteines into nine putative "high impact" sites along the complete length of D4/S3 and evaluated their accessibilities to extracellular sulfhydryl reagents. Only the four outermost substituted cysteines (L1433C, L1431C, G1430C, and S1427C) are accessible to extracellular sulfhydryl reagents. We measured the voltage-dependent modification rates of the two cysteines situated at the extreme ends of this accessible region, L1433C and S1427C. Independent of the charge on the sulfhydryl reagents, depolarization increases the reactivity of both of these residues. Thus, the direction of the voltage dependence is opposite to that expected for a negatively charged voltage sensor, namely an inward translational movement in response to depolarization. Intrinsic electrostatic potentials were probed by charged sulfhydryl reagents and were either negative or positive, respectively, near L1433C and S1427C. The magnitude of the electrostatic potential near S1427C decreases with depolarization, suggesting that the extracellular crevice next to it widens during depolarization. S1427C experiences 44% of the electric field, as probed by charged cysteine reagents. To further explore movements around D4/S3, we labeled cysteines with the photoactivatable cross-linking reagent benzophenone-4-carboxamidocysteine methanethiosulfonate and examined the effects of UV irradiation on channel gating. After labeling with this reagent, all accessible cysteine mutants show altered gating upon brief UV irradiation. In each case, the apparent insertion efficiency of the photoactivated benzophenone increases with depolarization, indicating voltage-dependent movement near the extracellular end of D4/S3.
Influence of postnatal-development on If occurrence and properties in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (1999)

The pacemaker current, I(f), is expressed in ventricular myocytes from neonatal rats and progressively disappears; when present, it shows electrophysiological properties similar to I(f) re-expressed in hypertrophied adult rat ventricular myocytes. Thus, it is likely that the occurrence of I(f) in ventricular myocytes of hypertrophied and failing hearts is due to the re-expression of a fetal gene.
Multiple multiple-exposure hologram (1985)

The number of holograms that can be linearly superimposed on one photographic plate has two fundamental limits; one is the finite extent of the characteristic amplitude transmittance vs energy-of-exposure (Ta − E) film curve, and the other is holographic reciprocity law failure [ K. M. Johnson L. Hesselink J. W. Goodman , Appl. Opt.23, 218 ( 1984)], the chronological decrease in brightness of reconstructed images in a multiple-exposure hologram. In this paper a multistep hologram, called the multiple multiple-exposure hologram, is presented which increases the number of holograms that can be linearly superimposed on one photographic plate and reconstructs images of equal brightness. The brightness of the reconstructed images in the final display hologram is a function of the reference-to-object beam ratio K in the intermediate and final steps of the multiple multiple-exposure hologram. By choosing different values for K in each step of this technique, a cross section can be displayed with the same diffraction efficiency in the initial multiple-exposure holograms and the final multiple multiple-exposure hologram. The trade-off between the maximum number of holograms that can be linearly superimposed on one photographic plate and the signal-to-noise ratio in the final display hologram is also discussed.
Cooperative dialogues with the support of autonomous agents (2002)

An architectural specification of independent communicating agents is described. Such agents are designed for use in an environment which is most suitably represented as a graph or network and an example of one such environment is given based on the structured document graph paradigm. The specifications extend agent architectures in a natural way so that the complexities found in distributed systems may be addressed. Such an approach has a number of advantages. It provides a general representation paradigm that can be used as a basis in a wide range of intelligent distributed systems, and is easily customized to cope with problems requiring graphs with differing structures and with different node and edge properties and attributes. A suitable platform to build agents and environments and an example of cooperative communication using dialogue analysis are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
George Landen Dann: a dramatic history in Queensland (2016)

Well before Ray Lawler’s script Summer of the seventeenth doll hit the stage in 1955, there were many Australian playwrights who were tackling questions of Australian identity including Queensland’s own George Landen Dann. Dann (1904-77) grew up in Sandgate where he lived with his parents and two sisters, and attended the local primary school before winning a scholarship to attend Brisbane Grammar School. He became involved in local amateur dramatics, both performing and playwriting. His work came to prominence through his winning the Brisbane Repertory Theatre Society’s playwriting competition in 1931 with In beauty it is finished—a play that featured a ‘fallen’ woman who enters a relationship with a so-called ‘half-caste’ Aboriginal man. The work signalled several threads which would reappear in much of his work: Aboriginal issues, the burden of familial duty and responsibility, and the experiences of those on the margins of society.
Revenue adequate bidding strategies in competitive electricity markets (1999)

Energy trading in a competitive electricity market can be modeled as a two-level optimization. At the top level a centralized economic dispatch (CED) uses a priority list method to solve the fundamental problem of reliable market clearing with price discovery. The lower level consists of a set of decentralized bidding (DB) subproblems. The DB model uses a self-unit scheduling simulator based on parametric dynamic programming to produce hourly bid curves for the central dispatch coordinator. Unit operating constraints and costs such as the unit minimum-up and minimum-down times, ramp rates, and the unit start-up, no-load and sunk capital costs are internalized in the bid curves through the simulator. A special algorithm is presented to solve the revenue adequacy problem for marginal units. Both CED and DB models are based on the revenue maximization in contrast with the cost minimization criteria used in the conventional unit commitment (UC). The proposed method has been tested in a study case and some interesting results have been demonstrated.
Registering multiple cartographic models with the hierarchical mixture of experts algorithm (2002)

This paper describes an application of the hierarchical mixture of experts algorithm (HME) to the registration of multiple cartographic models to noisy radar data. According to the HME algorithm each model is represented by a set of maximum likelihood registration parameters together with a set of matching probabilities. This architecture can be viewed as providing simultaneous registration and hypothesis verification. The maps in the cartographic data-base compete to account for radar data through the imposed probability normalisation. The resulting matching algorithm can be regarded as a generic tool for model retrieval from a database. Our evaluation on radar images illustrates some of the characteristics of the algorithm. Our main conclusions are that the method is both robust to added image noise and poor initialisation.
Cat Flea (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae): Factors Influencing Host-finding Behavior in the Laboratory (1985)

Journal Article Cat Flea (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae): Factors Influencing Host-finding Behavior in the Laboratory Get access Weste L. A. Osbrink, Weste L. A. Osbrink Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Michael K. Rust Michael K. Rust Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 78, Issue 1, 1 January 1985, Pages 29–34, https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/78.1.29 Published: 01 January 1985 Article history Received: 17 May 1984 Accepted: 04 September 1984 Published: 01 January 1985
Dissecting the host response to a γ–herpesvirus (2001)

The murine gamma-herpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) provides a unique experimental model for dissecting immunity to large DNA viruses that persist in B lymphocytes. The analysis is greatly facilitated by the availability of genetically disrupted (-/-) mice that lack key host-response elements, and by the fact that MHV-68 is a lytic virus that can readily be manipulated for mutational analysis. The mutant virus strategy is being used, for example, to characterize the part played in vivo by an MHV-68-encoded chemokine-binding protein that may ultimately find an application in human therapeutics. Experiments with various -/- mice and monoclonal antibody depletion protocols have shown very clearly that type I interferons (IFNs) are essential for the early control of MHV-68 replication, while CD4+ T cells producing IFN-gamma function to limit the consequences of viral persistence. Virus-specific CD8+ effectors acting in the absence of the CD4+ subset seem initially to control the lytic phase in the lung following respiratory challenge, but are then unable to prevent the reactivation of replicative infection in epithelia and the eventual death of CD4+ T-cell-deficient mice. This could reflect the fact that the interaction between the CD8+ T cells and the virus-infected targets is partially compromised by the MHV-68 K3 protein, which inhibits antigen presentation by MHC class I glycoproteins. Immunization strategies focusing on the CD8+ T-cell response to epitopes expressed during the lytic phase of MHV-68 infection can limit virus replication, but are unable to prevent the establishment of latency. Other experiments with mutant viruses also suggest that there is a disconnection between lytic MHV-68 infection and latency. The massive nonspecific immunoglobulin response and the dramatic expansion of Vbeta4+ CD8+ T cells, which is apparently MHC independent, could represent some sort of 'smoke screen' used by MHV-68 to subvert immunity. Although MHV-68 is neither Epstein-Barr virus nor human herpesvirus-8, the results generated from this system suggest possibilities that may usefully be addressed with these human pathogens. Perhaps the main lesson learned to date is that all the components of immunity are likely to be important for the control of these complex viruses.