gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CLONING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FRUIT-EXPRESSED ACC SYNTHASE AND ACC OXIDASE FROM PAPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA L.) (1998)

Papaya is a climacteric fruit. Like other climacteric fruit, ethylene plays an important role in the final stages of ripening. To investigate the role of ethylene in fruit ripening and to produce altered ripening fruit we have isolated fruit-expressed ACC synthase and ACC oxidase cDNAs. Messenger RNA was prepared from approximately 30% yellow fruit and the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify fruit-expressed ACC synthase and ACC oxidase present in this mRNA. Several oligonucleotides specific for conserved regions of ACC synthase or ACC oxidase were synthesized based on a comparison of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase sequences present in GenBank. Gene fragments produced using these PCR primers were radioactively labeled and used to screen a cDNA library constructed using mRNA isolated from approximately 30% ripe fruit. Near full-length cDNA clones were isolated for ACC synthase and ACC oxidase. ACC oxidase mRNA is present at significantly higher levels during all stages of fruit development than ACC synthase mRNA. However, both messages increase during ripening. There appears to be only a single gene for fruit-expressed ACC synthase, whereas fruit-expressed ACC oxidase exists as a multi gene family. We have cloned the fruit-expressed ACC synthase gene using our cDNA as the probe and are currently examining its structure and expression. We have also transformed papaya with a sense and an antisense ACC synthase cDNA. Regenerated plants will be examined for alterations in fruit ripening.
Mechanical Properties of Boron Carbide Ceramics (2008)

Mechanical properties of B4C ceramics hot-pressed with no additive and CrB2 particles distributed in the B4C matrix were measured. The flexural strength of 675 MPa and the fracture toughness of 2.5 MPaxm1\2 for the B4C ceramics sintered at 1900°C with no additive were obtained. This high strength is attributed to the fine grained microstructure, which could be produced by hot-pressing at low temperature without significant grain growth using the fine B4C powder. No profound influence on fracture toughness was shown with increasing CrB2 content from 5 to 15 mol%. At 20 mol% CrB2 the fracture toughness was improved to 3.5 MPa M1\2 due to some deflection of propagating cracks, and the flexural strength of 630 MPa was obtained.
Photothermal Multi-Pixel Imaging Microscope (2003)

Photothermal microscopy is a useful nondestructive tool for the identification of fluence-limiting defects in optical coatings. Traditional photothermal microscopes are single-pixel detection devices. Samples are scanned under the microscope to generate a defect map. For high-resolution images, scan times can be quite long (1 mm{sup 2} per hour). Single-pixel detection has been used traditionally because of the ease in separating the laser-induced topographical change due to defect absorption from the defect surface topography. This is accomplished by using standard chopper and lock-in amplifier techniques to remove the DC signal. Multi-pixel photothermal microscopy is now possible by utilizing an optical lock-in technique. This eliminates the lock-in amplifier and enables the use of a CCD camera with an optical lock in for each pixel. With this technique, the data acquisition speed can be increased by orders of magnitude depending on laser power, beam size, and pixel density.
Fairing Noise Mitigation Using Passive Vibroacoustic Attenuation Devices (2006)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
Cholesteric liquid-crystalline polyesters. 1. Cholesteric liquid-crystalline copolyesters based on poly(chloro-1,4-phenylene trans-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate) (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCholesteric liquid-crystalline polyesters. 1. Cholesteric liquid-crystalline copolyesters based on poly(chloro-1,4-phenylene trans-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate)Hajime Hara, Tetsuo Satoh, Tomohiro Toya, Shigeki Iida, Shingo Orii, and Junji WatanabeCite this: Macromolecules 1988, 21, 1, 14–19Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00179a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00179a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views143Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sparsely sampled Fourier ptychography (2014)

Fourier ptychography (FP) is an imaging technique that applies angular diversity functions for high-resolution complex image recovery. The FP recovery routine switches between two working domains: the spectral and spatial domains. In this paper, we investigate the spectral-spatial data redundancy requirement of the FP recovery process. We report a sparsely sampled FP scheme by exploring the sampling interplay between these two domains. We demonstrate the use of the reported scheme for bypassing the high-dynamic-range combination step in the original FP recovery routine. As such, it is able to shorten the acquisition time of the FP platform by ~50%. As a special case of the sparsely sample FP, we also discuss a sub-sampled scheme and demonstrate its application in solving the pixel aliasing problem plagued in the original FP algorithm. We validate the reported schemes with both simulations and experiments. This paper provides insights for the development of the FP approach.
Transgenically Produced Human Antithrombin: Structural and Functional Comparison to Human Plasma–Derived Antithrombin (1998)

Recombinant human antithrombin (rhAT) produced in transgenic goat milk was purified to greater than 99%. The specific activity of the rhAT was identical to human plasma–derived AT (phAT) in an in vitro thrombin inhibition assay. However, rhAT had a fourfold higher affinity for heparin than phAT. The rhAT was analyzed and compared with phAT by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography, circular dichroism, fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis (FACE), amino acid sequence, and liquid chromatography/mass spectrography peptide mapping. Based on these analyses, rhAT was determined to be structurally identical to phAT except for differences in glycosylation. Oligomannose structures were found on the Asn 155 site of the transgenic protein, whereas only complex structures were observed on the plasma protein. RhAT contained a GalNAc for galactose substitution on some N-linked oligosaccharides, as well as a high degree of fucosylation. RhAT was less sialylated than phAT and contained both N-acetylneuraminic and N-glycolylneuraminic acid. We postulate that the increase in affinity for heparin found with rhAT resulted from the presence of oligomannose-type structures on the Asn 155 glycosylation site and differences in sialylation.
Endothelial progenitor cells: past, state of the art, and future (2004)

Recent evidences suggest that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) derived from bone marrow (BM) contribute to de novo vessel formation in adults occurring as physiological and pathological responses. Emerging preclinical trials have shown that EPCs home to sites of neovascularization after ischemic events in limb and myocardium. On the basis of these aspects, EPCs are expected to develop as a key strategy of therapeutic applications for the ischemic organs. Such clinical requirements of EPCs will tentatively accelerate the translational research aiming at the devices to acquire the optimized quality and quantity of EPCs. In this review, we attempt to discuss about biological features of EPCs and speculate on the clinical potential of EPCs for therapeutic neovascularization.
Three-dimensional mapping of corneal elasticity using optical coherence elastography (2015)

We demonstrate a novel method for noninvasive quantification of tissue biomechanical properties in 3D using phase-stabilized swept source optical coherence elastography (PhS-SSOCE). A focused air-pulse delivery system induces an elastic wave, which is then recorded by the PhS-SSOCE system. By calculating the velocity in all radial directions and imaging depths from the origin of the stimulation, a volumetric elasticity map was generated. Utilizing the high spatial sensitivity of PhS-SSOCE, the force applied on the surface of the cornea and subsequent induced deformation amplitude was minimal, thus preserving the structure and function of delicate ocular tissues such as the cornea and sclera. The results show that this noninvasive method for elasticity assessment can provide a volumetric mapping of elasticity and can differentiate untreated and UV-induced collagen cross-linked (CXL) corneas. As expected, the elastic wave velocity and subsequent Young’s modulus was significantly higher in the CXL cornea as compared to the untreated cornea, indicating a substantial increase in corneal stiffness after the CXL treatment.
Interacting with Financial Data using Natural Language (2016)

Financial and economic data are typically available in the form of tables and comprise mostly of monetary amounts, numeric and other domain-specific fields. They can be very hard to search and they are often made available out of context, or in forms which cannot be integrated with systems where text is required, such as voice-enabled devices. This work presents a novel system that enables both experts in the finance domain and non-expert users to search financial data with both keyword and natural language queries. Our system answers the queries with an automatically generated textual description using Natural Language Generation (NLG). The answers are further enriched with derived information, not explicitly asked in the user query, to provide the context of the answer. The system is designed to be flexible in order to accommodate new use cases without significant development effort, thus allowing fast integration of new datasets.
Laryngeal elevation achieved by neuromuscular stimulation at rest (2003)

During swallowing, airway protection is achieved in part by laryngeal elevation. Although multiple muscles are normally active during laryngeal elevation, neuromuscular stimulation of select muscles was evaluated to determine which single muscle or muscle pair best elevates the larynx and should be considered during future studies of neuromuscular stimulation in dysphagic patients. Hooked-wire monopolar electrodes were inserted into mylohyoid, thyrohyoid, and geniohyoid muscle regions in 15 healthy men selected for having a highly visible thyroid prominence for videotaping. During trials of single, bilateral, and combined muscle stimulations, thyroid prominence movements were video recorded, digitized, and normalized relative to elevation during a 2-ml water swallow. Individual muscle stimulation induced approximately 30% of the elevation observed during a swallow and approximately 50% of swallow velocity, whereas paired muscle stimulation resulted in approximately 50% of the elevation and approximately 80% of the velocity produced during a swallow. Paired muscle stimulation produced significantly greater elevation than single muscle stimulation and could assist with laryngeal elevation in dysphagic patients with reduced or delayed laryngeal elevation.
Total circulatory support during CPR by vest inflation (1988)

A system has been developed that generates cyclic fluctuations in intrathoracic pressure for use in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The system was realized with a pneumatic vest, which is placed around the thorax, and an inflation system. The vest contains a bladder that is cyclically inflated and deflated. Air flows into and out of the bladder by the proper sequencing of solenoid valves. A safety system monitors the pressure in the bladder and can vent pressure from the bladder and disable operation of the valves if a malfunction occurs. This systems uses real-time control of vest pressure to overcome the vast-pressure variations of older systems, and is safer than previous systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Splash Combustion Synthesis and Exploration of Lithium Metal Pyrophosphate (Li<sub>1±y</sub>MP<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>) Cathodes (2012)

Abstract not Available.
Design and Simulation of a Microfabricated Gas Chromatographic Column (2008)

This paper describes the development of new micro gas chromatographic column designs intended to optimize the analysis by improving homogeneity of analyte molecules as they progress along the column length. We are particularly interested in applying these approaches for trace analysis of illicit materials such as explosives and other hazardous chemicals. A significant component of this work has been in using computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modeling as a tool to help in optimization of the GC column design.
Discovery and Structure−Activity Relationship of 3-Aryl-5-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles as a New Series of Apoptosis Inducers and Potential Anticancer Agents (2005)

We have identified 5-(3-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-3-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (1d) as a novel apoptosis inducer through our caspase- and cell-based high-throughput screening assay. Compound 1d has good activity against several breast and colorectal cancer cell lines but is inactive against several other cancer cell lines. In a flow cytometry assay, treatment of T47D cells with 1d resulted in arrest of cells in the G(1) phase, followed by induction of apoptosis. SAR studies of 1d showed that the 3-phenyl group can be replaced by a pyridyl group, and a substituted five-member ring in the 5-position is important for activity. 5-(3-Chlorothiophen-2-yl)-3-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (4l) has been found to have in vivo activity in a MX-1 tumor model. Using a photoaffinity agent, the molecular target has been identified as TIP47, an IGF II receptor binding protein. Therefore, our cell-based chemical genetics approach for the discovery of apoptosis inducers can identify potential anticancer agents as well as their molecular targets.
The Computer Assisted Surgical Trainer: Design, Models and Implementation (2014)

This paper describes a system developed to assist in model-based training of minimally invasive, laparoscopic procedures. The key factor motivating the development of the device called CAST (Computer-Assisted Surgical Trainer) is the need to improve the state-of-the-art in teaching laparoscopy, and ultimately achieve better surgical outcomes. CAST's design concept and architecture is presented with its major elements that facilitate guided (both haptic and visual) execution of tasks, performance assessment, and comparative analysis of results. Both software and hardware models and implementations are given. The system, while currently intended for off-line, laboratory use, has an excellent potential for real-time assistive functions in the operating room.
Cup Cylindrical Waveguide Antenna (2008)

The cup cylindrical waveguide antenna (CCWA) is a short backfire microwave antenna capable of simultaneously supporting the transmission or reception of two distinct signals having opposite circular polarizations. Short backfire antennas are widely used in mobile/satellite communications, tracking, telemetry, and wireless local area networks because of their compactness and excellent radiation characteristics. A typical prior short backfire antenna contains a half-wavelength dipole excitation element for linear polarization or crossed half-wavelength dipole elements for circular polarization. In order to achieve simultaneous dual circular polarization, it would be necessary to integrate, into the antenna feed structure, a network of hybrid components, which would introduce significant losses. The CCWA embodies an alternate approach that entails relatively low losses and affords the additional advantage of compactness. The CCWA includes a circular cylindrical cup, a circular disk subreflector, and a circular waveguide that serves as the excitation element. The components that make it possible to obtain simultaneous dual circular polarization are integrated into the circular waveguide. These components are a sixpost polarizer and an orthomode transducer (OMT) with two orthogonal coaxial ports. The overall length of the OMT and polarizer (for the nominal middle design frequency of 2.25 GHz) is about 11 in. (approximately equal to 28 cm), whereas the length of a commercially available OMT and polarizer for the same frequency is about 32 in. (approximately equal to 81 cm).
Ho:CaF_2 solid-state saturable-absorber Q switch for the 2-μm Tm,Cr:Y_3Al_5O_12 laser (1996)

The holmium-doped calcium fluoride (Ho:CaF(2)) crystal was shown to be an effective solid-state saturable-absorber Q-switch for a flash-lamp-pumped Tm,Cr:Y(3)Al(5)O(12) laser at 2.017 µm. With a 1-cm-thick Ho(0.5%),Er(5%):CaP(2) saturable absorber and a 6.3% output coupler, a single Q-switched laser pulse of 51 mJ in energy and 60 ns in duration was obtained at a flash-lamp input energy of 85 J. With a 14.6% output coupler, a typical Q-switched laser pulse of 84 mJ and 82 ns was observed.
Thermostable DNA Polymerase from a Viral Metagenome Is a Potent RT-PCR Enzyme (2012)

Viral metagenomic libraries are a promising but previously untapped source of new reagent enzymes. Deep sequencing and functional screening of viral metagenomic DNA from a near-boiling thermal pool identified clones expressing thermostable DNA polymerase (Pol) activity. Among these, 3173 Pol demonstrated both high thermostability and innate reverse transcriptase (RT) activity. We describe the biochemistry of 3173 Pol and report its use in single-enzyme reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). Wild-type 3173 Pol contains a proofreading 39-59 exonuclease domain that confers high fidelity in PCR. An easier-to-use exonuclease-deficient derivative was incorporated into a PyroScript RT-PCR master mix and compared to oneenzyme (Tth) and two-enzyme (MMLV RT/Taq) RT-PCR systems for quantitative detection of MS2 RNA, influenza A RNA, and mRNA targets. Specificity and sensitivity of 3173 Pol-based RT-PCR were higher than Tth Pol and comparable to three common two-enzyme systems. The performance and simplified set-up make this enzyme a potential alternative for research and molecular diagnostics.
Copackaging of Multiple Adeno-Associated Viral Vectors in a Single Production Step (2014)

Limiting factors in large preclinical and clinical studies utilizing adeno-associated virus (AAV) for gene therapy are focused on the restrictive packaging capacity, the overall yields, and the versatility of the production methods for single AAV vector production. Furthermore, applications where multiple vectors are needed to provide long expression cassettes, whether because of long cDNA sequences or the need of different regulatory elements, require that each vector be packaged and characterized separately, directly affecting labor and cost associated with such manufacturing strategies. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel method of vector production that allows for the packaging of multiple expression cassettes in a single transfection step. Here we combined two expression cassettes in predetermined ratios before transfection and empirically demonstrate that the output vector recapitulates the predicted ratios. Titration by quantitative polymerase chain reaction of AAV vector genome copies using shared or unique genetic elements allowed for delineation of the individual vector contribution to the total preparation that showed the predicted differential packaging outcomes. By copackaging green fluorescent protein (GFP) and mCherry constructs, we demonstrate that both vector genome and infectious titers reiterated the ratios utilized to produce the constructs by transfection. Copackaged therapeutic constructs that only differ in transcriptional elements produced a heterogeneous vector population of both constructs in the predefined ratios. This study shows feasibility and reproducibility of a method that allows for two constructs, differing in either transgene or transcription elements, to be efficiently copackaged and characterized simultaneously, reducing cost of manufacturing and release testing.
A low cost route to hexagonal mesostructured carbon molecular sieves. (2001)

A mesoporous carbon molecular sieve with a hexagonal framework structure (denoted C-MSU-H) has been prepared using a MSU-H silica template that can be assembled from a low cost soluble silicate precursor at near-neutral pH conditions.
Oxidation resistance and compressive creep behavior of boron doped Mo{sub 5}Si{sub 3} (1995)

Use of Mo{sub 5}Si{sub 3} in high temperature applications is limited by oxidation induced catastrophic failure above 800 C. Oxidation resistance of Mo{sub 5}Si{sub 3} is substantially improved from 800--1,300 C by the addition of boron. The oxidation rate at 1,200 C was decreased by five orders of magnitude with less than 2 weight percent boron addition. The improvement in oxidation resistance of B doped Mo{sub 5}Si{sub 3} is due to formation of a protective scale layer due to viscous flow. The compressive creep rate of B doped Mo{sub 5}Si{sub 3} was measured at various temperature/stress levels and found to be similar to that of the undoped material. The creep rate of B doped Mo{sub 5}Si{sub 3} was measured as 1.8 {times} 10{sup {minus}7} s{sup {minus}1} at 1,242 C and 138 MPa. Creep tests were conducted at 140--180 MPa and 1,220--1,320 C. Average creep activation energy and stress exponent in this range were found to be E{sub a} {approx} 400 kJ/mol and n = 4.3 respectively.