gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The spiral slingatron mass launcher (2001)

The dynamics and engineering of a spiral slingatron mass accelerator are described together with the status of experiments. The potential utility of this mechanical device for space launch applications is discussed.
A spatial sound processor for headphone and loudspeaker reproduction (1989)

A spatial sound processor for stereo headphone and loudspeaker reproduction is described that can position sound elements within a three-dimensional reverberant space surrounding the listener. Spatial motion of sound sources in three dimensions is created by dynamic filtering based on head-related transfer functions. Additional filters and delay lines capture air absorption and Doppler shifting as the propagation time is manipulated for both direct and indirect sound. The spatiotemporal distribution of early reflections is captured for a given source/listener orientation: The gain, delay, and directional filtering of simulated reflections are responsive to changes in the specified position and orientation of the sound source and the listener's head in the simulated environment. The spatial processor can be used for headphone reproduction using a head-tracking device, and can also be used in more typical reproduction settings such as living rooms with stereo loudspeakers. In the latter case, additional processing is employed to stabilize the stereo image and produce a spatially diffuse reverberant surround effect over a wide range of listening positions.
FC13-11 - Effectiveness of mazindol in children with ADHD : open-label study (2011)

Mazindol is a central nervous system stimulant, which blocks reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine. Mazindol (1–6 mg/d) has previously been studied in the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness with relative therapeutic benefit. Our hypothesis suggests that mazindol may be effective for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder symptoms. Based on clinical assessments after oral administration of mazindol to 24 children (9–12 years) with ADHD (according to DSM-IVTR criteria), this open-label study evaluates the efficacy, safety and tolerability of mazindol (1 mg/d, 7 days). Safety evaluations included routine hematology, electrocardiograms, blood pressure, and pulse rate. Efficacy rating measurements included ADHD-RS score (primary outcome measure), CPRS-R:L, CGI-S and CGI-I (secondary outcome measures). This clinical trial reports data obtained from 21 boys (10 ± 1 years). Based on primary outcome (ADHD-RS), change in ADHD-RS mean total score after one week of mazindol was −24.6 (p < 0.0001) ; greater than a 90% improvement from baseline. Change in CPRS-R:L (80 items) mean total score after one week of mazindol was −55.5 (p < 0.0001); CGI-S after one week of mazindol was -3,02 (p< 0.01). Adverse events were mild to moderate in severity and decreased appetite, weight loss, headache, and abdominal pain were most common (95%). Changes in laboratory values, ECG, blood pressure, pulse rate and body weight were not clinically meaningful. Blood pressure and pulse rate were unchanged (p > 0.05) after one week of treatment. This preliminary investigation suggests that mazindol is still a new well-tolerated and active psychostimulant for the treatment of ADHD in children.
Chiral Nematic Assemblies of Silver Nanoparticles in Mesoporous Silica Thin Films (2011)

Silver nanoparticles (NPs) have been synthesized inside mesoporous silica films with chiral nematic structure. Circular dichroism measurements of the silver NP-loaded silica films show NP-based optical activity in the vicinity of the surface plasmon resonance. These materials, with an optical response associated with the chiral assembly of metal NPs, may be useful for developing new sensors.
Trajectory Guidance Using Periodic Relative Orbital Motion (2015)

Relative motion of one satellite about another in circular orbit, where the two objects have the same semimajor axis, is periodic in the linearized approximation. A set of orbital elements, the geometric relative orbital elements, which are an exact geometric analogy to the classical orbital elements, can be defined. The relative orbit is manifestly seen to be an ellipse or circle in apocentral coordinates, analogous to perifocal coordinates in inertial motion and different from the local-vertical local-horizontal Cartesian coordinates customarily used for analysis of relative motion problems. These provide a way to do relative motion trajectory design and guidance that stands in contrast to the use of Cartesian coordinates. Algorithms are presented for computing the delta- and timing for impulsive maneuvers to change a single element: two that change the plane and one that changes the size of the relative orbit. The change in size is a two-maneuver transfer and uses the solution of the three-point periodic boundary value problem, also solved and presented here. This solution permits the direct computation, with no iteration or searching, of the periodic relative orbit that connects two points. Optimization to minimize fuel use can be done with a one-dimensional search.
Efficacy and mechanism-of-action of a novel superagonist IL-15:IL-15Rα/Fc fusion complex in murine multiple myeloma syngeneic mouse models (46.44) (2012)

Abstract ALT-803 is a fusion protein complex consisting of an interleukin-15 superagonist mutein (IL-15N72D) and a dimeric IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Rα)/Fc fusion protein. Previous studies have shown that IL-15:IL-15Rα complexes exhibit potent activity against murine melanoma in immunocompetent mice. In this study, we show that ALT-803 treatment significantly prolongs survival of C57BL/6 mice bearing syngeneic murine 5T33P myeloma. ALT-803-treated mice were also protected from paralysis and mortality due to subsequent rechallenge with 5T33P tumor cells. Consistent with these results, a single dose of ALT-803 was capable of significantly reducing the percentage of well-established 5T33P cells in the bone marrow of tumor-bearing mice shortly after ALT-803 infusion and promoted a substantial increase of CD8+ T cells and NK cells in peripheral blood and bone marrow. ALT-803 treatment also increased serum IFN-γ levels but did not affect the level of blood Tregs. Immune cell depletion studies suggest that activated effector and memory CD8+ T cells may play a vital role in the anti-tumor activity of ALT-803 against 5T33P myeloma cells. Similar potent anti-tumor effects of ALT-803 were also observed in BALB/c mice bearing MOPC-315 myeloma cells. The results of these studies support clinical development of ALT-803 as a novel immunotherapeutic agent against multiple myeloma.
<title>Ring-substituted diphenyldiacetylenes for use in ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulators</title> (1993)

Ferroelectric smectic C* liquid crystals have been shown to exhibit high speed, multistate electro-optic switching, particularly when incorporated into the surface stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal (SSFLC) light valve. Certain applications utilizing IR modulation, waveguide, phase modulation, and fiber-optic devices can benefit from a birefringence higher than the value of (Delta) n equals 0.15 seen in typical FLC materials. By incorporating the highly conjugated diacetylene moiety into an FLC core, an increase in birefringence greater than (Delta) n equals 0.3 is achieved. Lateral fluorination of the core induces a strong preference for the tilted smectic C phase as compared to the unfluorinated materials which typically show the nematic phase. The effect of other substitutions is explored on the mesogenic properties of the basic core structure.
A rapid‐flow perfusion chamber for high‐resolution microscopy (1996)

Perfusion chambers employing laminar flow have dead volumes and unstirred layers which limit the minimum time required to effect a change in the local chemical environment of the sample. We have fabricated and tested a chamber capable of developing turbulent flow at reasonable flow rates of aqueous solutions. Transition to turbulence occurred at approximately equal to 1 mLs-1. To minimize dead space, a dual-exit cross-flow pattern was employed. The chamber was designed to mount on optical microscope stages for visual sample observation supplemented by a variety of techniques, such as fluorescence, light scattering and electrochemical monitoring. As indicated by fluorescence from a fluorescein-labelled protein film adherent to the chamber wall, local pH changes were produced within 200 ms. Use of the chamber is illustrated by measurements of stopped-flow kinetics in both calcium-triggered cortical granule exocytosis and influenza virus haemagglutinin-mediated cell-cell fusion.
A novel method for the fabrication of high-aspect ratio C-MEMS structures (2005)

A novel fabrication process was developed to create high aspect ratio (>10:1) carbon posts, all-carbon suspended bridges and wires, self-organized bunches of carbon posts, and carbon plates supported by carbon beams. The structures are all made from a two-step pyrolysis process with SU-8 photoresist as the starting material. In this paper we describe the fabrication of these various new C-MEMS structures and detail an important application of the high aspect ratio carbon posts arrays. The carbon post arrays can be reversible charged/discharged with Li ions, an application that may greatly impact the application of C-MEMS in three-dimensional microbatteries. Complex suspended C-MEMS structures, such as wires, plates, ribbons, and self-organized bunches of posts, were built. Methods to accurately and repeatedly fabricate all the above 3-D C-MEMS structures are given.
Fully automatic detection and visualization of patient specific coronary supply regions (2008)

Coronary territory maps, which associate myocardial regions with the corresponding coronary artery that supply them, are a common visualization technique to assist the physician in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. However, the commonly used visualization is based on the AHA-17-segment model, which is an empirical population based model. Therefore, it does not necessarily cope with the often highly individual coronary anatomy of a specific patient. In this paper we introduce a novel fully automatic approach to compute the patient individual coronary supply regions in CTA datasets. This approach is divided in three consecutive steps. First, the aorta is fully automatically located in the dataset with a combination of a Hough transform and a cylindrical model matching approach. Having the location of the aorta, a segmentation and skeletonization of the coronary tree is triggered. In the next step, the three main branches (LAD, LCX and RCX) are automatically labeled, based on the knowledge of the pose of the aorta and the left ventricle. In the last step the labeled coronary tree is projected on the left ventricular surface, which can afterward be subdivided into the coronary supply regions, based on a Voronoi transform. The resulting supply regions can be either shown in 3D on the epicardiac surface of the left ventricle, or as a subdivision of a polarmap.
An on-line diagnostic method for open-circuit switch faults in NPC multilevel converters (2016)

On-line condition monitoring is of paramount importance for multilevel converters used in safety-critical applications. A novel on-line diagnostic method for detecting open-circuit switch faults in neutral-point-clamped (NPC) multilevel converters is introduced in this paper. The principle of this method is based on monitoring the abnormal variation of the dc-bus neutral-point current in combination with the existing information on instantaneous switching states and phase currents. Advantages of this method include simpler implementation and faster detection speed compared to other existing diagnostic methods in the literature. In this method, only one additional current sensor is required for measuring the dc-bus neutral-point current, therefore the implementation cost is low. Simulation and experimental results based on a lab-scale 50 kVA adjustable speed drive (ASD) with a three-level NPC inverter validate the efficacy of this novel diagnostic method.
Microfluidic device and assay for mimicking the leukocyte‐endothelium interactions in vivo (669.4) (2014)

There is no in vitro model that allows investigation of the entire leukocyte adhesion cascade. In this study we present a novel microvasculature network based microfluidic device (MFD) that enables a single assay to study the entire cascade. Our modified Geographic Information System (GIS) approach was used to digitize the microvascular networks and generate the MFD using soft‐lithography based microfabrication. The MFD consisted of vascular channels seeded with endothelial cells, in communication with the tissue compartment filled with chemoattractant (fMLP) via a 3µm porous barrier. Leukocytes were flowed on activated endothelial cells under physiologic flow conditions. Leukocytes rolling, adhesion and migration was imaged as a function of time and position in the MFD and compared with in vivo data from mouse cremaster muscle. Our findings indicate that in MFD rolling and adhesion patterns are in agreement with the in vivo data, with 50% of adhered leukocytes migrating from the vascular channels into the tissue compartment after 120min. Furthermore, we blocked the individual steps treating endothelial cells with E‐selectin and ICAM‐1antibody and leukocytes with wortmanin, showing that we can respectively reduce rolling to ~20%, adhesion to ~50%, and migration to ~18% of their original values. In conclusion, this device more realistically mimics geometric and physiologic characteristics of an in vivo microvascular network for studying the entire leukocyte cascade during inflammation. Grant Funding Source : Supported by NIH
Novel 7-Oxyiminomethyl Derivatives of Camptothecin with Potent in Vitro and in Vivo Antitumor Activity (2001)

In an attempt to synthesize potential anticancer agents acting by inhibition of topoisomerase I (Topo I) a new series of oxyiminomethyl derivatives in position 7 of camptothecin (CPT) was prepared. The synthesis relied on the condensation of 20S-CPT-7-aldehyde or 20S-CPT-7-ketones with alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, and heteroarylalkyl O-substituted hydroxylamines. The compounds were tested for their cytotoxic activity in vitro against H460 non-small lung carcinoma cell line, the activity being for 24 out of 37 compounds in the 0.01-0.3 microM range. A QSAR analysis indicated that lipophilicity is the main parameter correlated with cytotoxicity. Investigation of the DNA-Topo I-drug cleavable complex showed a rough parallelism between cytotoxicity and inhibition of Topo I. Persistence of the DNA cleavage after NaCl-mediated disruption of the ternary complex suggests that for the most potent compounds, e.g., 15, the cytotoxicity was at least in part related to stabilization of the complex, as also supported by the persistence of the DNA-enzyme complex in drug-treated cells. The in vivo antitumor efficacy of the most potent analogue (15) was evaluated in direct comparison with topotecan using human lung tumor xenograft models. In the range of optimal doses (2-3 mg/kg), the improved efficacy of 15 was documented in terms of inhibition of tumor growth and rate of complete response.
Development of an onboard doppler lidar for flight safety (2008)

Air turbulence has become a major cause of significant injuries and aircraft damages. Timely advanced warning of turbulence ahead of an aircraft may allow pilots to take appropriate action to minimize potential damage, such as reducing speed and securing passengers and unsecured objects, or to avoid the turbulence altogether. The aim of our research is to develop a practical, onboard, Lidar-based proactive sensor that will detect air turbulence in clear air at a range of 5 n miles (9.3 km) at cruising altitudes. In February 2007 we successfully measured wind speeds approximately 3 n miles (5.6 km) ahead of an aircraft in low-altitude flight experiments, and in a subsequent experiment in July of the same year, we succeeded in detecting air turbulence before encountering it. An upgraded 5-n-mile Lidar for low altitudes was developed in fiscal year 2007, and has successfully measured wind speeds at ranges up to 5 n miles in ground tests. This paper describes the master development plan of our Lidar turbulence sensor and the results of basic flight and ground experiments.
Automatic path tracking using linear quadratic control theory (2002)

The authors conducted a study of automatic path tracking performance in the automated highway system (AHS) public trials that were carried out in Japan in 1996. A comparison was made of proportional-plus-derivative (PD) control and linear quadratic (LQ) control as two potential control systems. Because the PD control system lacked state feedback of yaw motion, the interference of yaw motion on lateral motion could not be eliminated. This made it impossible to achieve both satisfactory response and convergence. The LQ control system, on the other hand, had a larger number of state feedback coefficients, enabling lateral motion to be separated from yaw motion. This made it possible to set the response and convergence of lateral motion at will. Driving on an automated highway system is premised on the receipt of feedforward information from the road-side infrastructure. In this study, it was shown both theoretically and experimentally that road curvature can be estimated logically as a vehicle travels along even in the absence of feedforward information on curvature. Logical estimates are obtained with an algorithm in which curvature is treated as a state variable. It was also shown experimentally that an autonomous lane-tracking vehicle can even navigate road curves of unknown curvature by using a regulator configured around the method of estimating road curvature logically.
Evaluation of Rigid Cochlear Models for Measuring Cochlear Implant Electrode Position (2016)

Inter-model variance of rigid cochlear models exists, demonstrating that measurements made using rigid cochlear models are limited in terms of accuracy because of non-rigid inter-subject variations in cochlear anatomy.
Embedding and detecting spread-spectrum watermarks under estimation attacks (2002)

Spread-spectrum (SS) watermarking has been one of the oldest methodologies for hiding data in multimedia signals. Recently, it has been demonstrated that simple block repetition codes provide strong robustness of such watermarks to noise addition and limited arbitrary geometric transformations. In order to further investigate the security of such watermarks, we explore in this paper their robustness with respect to watermark estimation attacks. In such attacks, the adversary has knowledge of the watermark algorithm, except the secret keys. We present a modification of the traditional SS watermark detector that forces the adversary to increase the amount of noise to be proportional to the signal amplitude, in order to remove an SS watermark.
Method for converting UF/sub 5/ to UF/sub 4/ in a molten fluoride salt (1977)

The reduction of UF/sub 5/ to UF/sub 4/ in a molten fluoride salt by sparging with hydrogen is catalyzed by metallic platinum. The reaction is also catalyzed by platinum alloyed with gold reaction equipment.
Three-dimensional imaging of x-ray and gamma-ray objects in real time (1980)

A simple device is described that is capable of providing real-time 3-D viewing of extended x-ray and gamma-ray objects. The visible-light images produced by the device are not merely stereoscopic, i.e., one perspective, but possess both horizontal and vertical parallax with a reasonably large field of view.
Two-Fault-Tolerant Release Mechanism (1990)

Remotely-operated, compact quick-release mechanism still functions in event that one or even two attempts to actuate it fail. Contains three independent pyrotechnic devices. Firing of any one of devices sufficient to actuate mechanism. Three pins hold toggle at its base. Retraction of any one of pins allows toggle head to rotate in spherical bearing to free itself from remaining pin or pins. Besides allowing rotation after retraction, bearing also aligns toggle during assembly.
3-Hydroxyquinolin-2(1<i>H</i>)-ones As Inhibitors of Influenza A Endonuclease (2013)

Several 3-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-ones derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza A endonuclease. All five of the monobrominated 3-hydroxyquinolin(1H)-2-ones derivatives were synthesized. Suzuki-coupling of p-fluorophenylboronic acid with each of these brominated derivatives provided the respective p-fluorophenyl 3-hydroxyquinolin(1H)-2-ones. In addition to 3-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-one, its 4-methyl, 4-phenyl, 4-methyl-7-(p-fluorophenyl), and 4-phenyl-7-(p-fluorophenyl) derivatives were also synthesized. Comparative studies on their relative activity revealed that both 6- and 7-(p-fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-one are among the more potent inhibitors of H1N1 influenza A endonuclease. An X-ray crystal structure of 7-(p-fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-one complexed to the influenza endonuclease revealed that this molecule chelates to two metal ions at the active site of the enzyme.
BIMG-13. A NOVEL RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL ([18F]DASA-23) TO MONITOR PYRUVATE KINASE M2 INDUCED GLYCOLYTIC REPROGRAMMING IN GLIOBLASTOMA (2021)

Abstract BACKGROUND Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) catalyzes the final step in glycolysis, a key process of cancer metabolism. PKM2 is preferentially expressed by glioblastoma (GBM) cells with minimal expression in healthy brain, making it an important biomarker of cancer glycolytic re-programming. We describe the bench-to-bedside development, validation, and translation of a novel positron emission tomography (PET) tracer to study PKM2 in GBM. Specifically, we evaluated 1-((2-fluoro-6-[18F]fluorophenyl)sulfonyl)-4-((4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)piperazine ([18F]DASA-23) in cell culture, mouse models of GBM, healthy human volunteers, and GBM patients. METHODS [18F]DASA-23 was synthesized with a molar activity of 100.47 ± 29.58 GBq/µmol and radiochemical purity &gt;95%. We performed initial testing of [18F]DASA-23 in GBM cell culture and human GBM xenografts implanted orthotopically into mice. Next we produced [18F]DASA-23 under current Good Manufacturing Practices United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) oversight, and evaluated it in healthy volunteers and a pilot cohort of patients with gliomas. RESULTS In mouse imaging studies, [18F]DASA-23 clearly delineated the U87 GBM from the surrounding healthy brain tissue and had a tumor-to-brain ratio (TBR) of 3.6 ± 0.5. In human volunteers, [18F]DASA-23 crossed the intact blood-brain barrier and was rapidly cleared. In GBM patients, [18F]DASA-23 successfully outlined tumors visible on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The uptake of [18F]DASA-23 was markedly elevated in GBMs compared to normal brain, and it was able to identify a metabolic non-responder within 1-week of treatment initiation. CONCLUSION We developed and translated [18F]DASA-23 as a promising new tracer that demonstrated the visualization of aberrantly expressed PKM2 for the first time in human subjects. These encouraging results warrant further clinical evaluation of [18F]DASA-23 to assess its utility for imaging therapy-induced normalization of aberrant cancer metabolism.