gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiparametric Imaging of Tumor Hypoxia and Perfusion with<sup>18</sup>F-Fluoromisonidazole Dynamic PET in Head and Neck Cancer (2017)

Tumor hypoxia and perfusion are independent prognostic indicators of patient outcome. We developed the methodology for and investigated the utility of multiparametric imaging of tumor hypoxia and perfusion with <sup>18</sup>F-fluoromisonidazole (<sup>18</sup>F-FMISO) dynamic PET (dPET) in head and neck cancer. <b>Methods:</b> One hundred twenty head and neck cancer patients underwent 0- to 30-min <sup>18</sup>F-FMISO dPET in a customized immobilization mask, followed by 10-min static acquisitions starting at 93 ± 6 and 160 ± 13 min after injection. A total of 248 lesions (≥2 cm<sup>3</sup>) were analyzed. Voxelwise pharmacokinetic modeling was conducted using an irreversible 1-plasma 2-tissue-compartment model to calculate surrogate biomarkers of tumor hypoxia (<i>k</i><sub>3</sub>), perfusion (<i>K</i><sub>1</sub>), and <sup>18</sup>F-FMISO distribution volume. The analysis was repeated with truncated dPET datasets. <b>Results:</b> Substantial inter- and intratumor heterogeneity was observed for all investigated metrics. Equilibration between the blood and unbound <sup>18</sup>F-FMISO was rapid in all tumors. <sup>18</sup>F-FMISO distribution volume deviated from the expected value of unity, causing discrepancy between <i>k</i><sub>3</sub> maps and total <sup>18</sup>F-FMISO uptake and reducing the dynamic range of total <sup>18</sup>F-FMISO uptake for quantifying the degree of hypoxia. Both positive and negative trends between hypoxia and perfusion were observed in individual lesions. All investigated metrics were reproducible when calculated from a truncated 20-min dataset. <b>Conclusion:</b><sup>18</sup>F-FMISO dPET provides the data necessary to generate parametric maps of tumor hypoxia, perfusion, and radiotracer distribution volume. These data clarify the ambiguity in interpreting <sup>18</sup>F-FMISO uptake and improve the characterization of lesions. We show total acquisition times can be reduced to 20 min, facilitating the translation of <sup>18</sup>F-FMISO dPET into the clinic.
A multi-core fiber to single-mode fiber side-polished coupler (2016)

Evanescent coupling between a side-polished multi-core fiber and a single-mode fiber is demonstrated for the first time. The low-loss tap coupler is capable of isolating the output from a single core of a 7-core fiber.
A portable system for metagenomic analyses using nanopore-based sequencer and laptop computers can realize rapid on-site determination of bacterial compositions (2017)

Abstract We developed a portable system for metagenomic analyses consisting of nanopore technology-based sequencer, MinION, and laptop computers, and assessed its potential ability to determine bacterial compositions rapidly. We tested our protocols using mock bacterial community that contained equimolar 16S rDNA and a pleural effusion from a patient with empyema for time effectiveness and accuracy. MinION sequencing targeting 16S rDNA detected all of 20 bacteria present in the mock bacterial community. Time course analysis indicated that sequence data obtained during the first 5-minute sequencing were enough to detect all 20 bacteria species in the mock sample and determine their compositions with sufficient accuracy. Additionally, using a clinical sample extracted from the pleural effusion of a patient with empyema, we could identify major bacteria in a pleural effusion by rapid sequencing and analysis. All of these results are comparable to or even better than the conventional 16S rDNA sequencing results using IonPGM sequencer. Our results suggest that rapid sequencing and bacterial composition determination is possible within 2 hours.Our integrative system is applicable to rapid diagnostic tests for infectious diseases in near future.
Session-based overload control in QoS-aware Web servers (2003)

With the explosive use of the Internet, contemporary Web servers are susceptible to overloads and their services deteriorate drastically and often cause denial of services. In this paper, we propose two methods to prevent and control overloads in Web servers by utilizing the session-based relationship among HTTP requests. We first exploited the dependence among session-based requests by analyzing and predicting the reference patterns. Using the dependency relationships, we have derived traffic conformation functions that can be used for capacity planning and overload prevention in Web servers. Second, we have proposed a dynamic weighted fair sharing (DWFS) scheduling algorithm to control overloads in Web servers. DWFS is distinguished from other scheduling algorithms in the sense that it aims to avoid processing of requests that belong to sessions that are likely to be aborted in the near future. The experimental results demonstrate that DWFS can improve server responsiveness by as high as 50% while providing QoS support through service differentiation for a class of application environment.
Field-programmable photonic arrays (2018)

We propose a new programmable integrated photonic device, the Field Programmable Photonic Array, which follows a similar rationale as that of Field Programmable Gate Arrays and Field Programmable Analog Arrays in electronics. This high-level concept, basic photonic building blocks, design principles, and technology and physical implementation are discussed. Experimental evidence of its feasibility is also provided.
Anisotropy of Electronic and Ionic Transport in LiFePO[sub 4] Single Crystals (2006)

A material of key relevance as a cathode in rechargeable lithium batteries is , whose major shortcoming lies in its sluggish mass and charge transport, the overcoming of which requires a precise knowledge of transport properties, as of yet unavoidable. The present work aims at filling this gap. We report here a clear experimental investigation of electronic and ionic conduction as well as chemical diffusion for in single crystals. We show that the electronic conductivity, ionic conductivity, and chemical diffusivity of Li are essentially two-dimensional (b-c plane) in our single crystals. The ionic conductivities along all three axes are found to be much smaller than the electronic conductivities. Present results on are crucial for systematic optimization of its performance in Li-batteries in terms of doping or microstructural design.
The oocyte nucleus isolated in oil retains in vivo structure and functions. (1992)

We describe a technique for isolating the nucleus of the giant amphibian oocyte under paraffin oil. The method precludes the losses of small solutes and proteins that accompany isolation of nuclei into aqueous media. An individual oocyte is blotted, placed under oil, punctured near the animal pole and then squeezed to gently extrude the nucleus into the oil, thereby avoiding exposure to any aqueous environment. Light and electron microscopy of the oil-isolated nucleus demonstrate that its in vivo morphology is preserved. We also describe techniques that facilitate the study of nuclear functions under oil. Oil-isolated oocyte nuclei retain many in vivo functions for several hours, including size-selective envelope permeability, RNA synthesis and the ability to break down in response to cdc2/cyclin meiotic maturation promoting factor.
The emergence of top-down proteomics in clinical research (2013)

Proteomic technology has advanced steadily since the development of 'soft-ionization' techniques for mass-spectrometry-based molecular identification more than two decades ago. Now, the large-scale analysis of proteins (proteomics) is a mainstay of biological research and clinical translation, with researchers seeking molecular diagnostics, as well as protein-based markers for personalized medicine. Proteomic strategies using the protease trypsin (known as bottom-up proteomics) were the first to be developed and optimized and form the dominant approach at present. However, researchers are now beginning to understand the limitations of bottom-up techniques, namely the inability to characterize and quantify intact protein molecules from a complex mixture of digested peptides. To overcome these limitations, several laboratories are taking a whole-protein-based approach, in which intact protein molecules are the analytical targets for characterization and quantification. We discuss these top-down techniques and how they have been applied to clinical research and are likely to be applied in the near future. Given the recent improvements in mass-spectrometry-based proteomics and stronger cooperation between researchers, clinicians and statisticians, both peptide-based (bottom-up) strategies and whole-protein-based (top-down) strategies are set to complement each other and help researchers and clinicians better understand and detect complex disease phenotypes.
A comparison of two classic Pb<sup>2+</sup>-dependent RNA-cleaving DNAzymes (2016)

Pb2+ is a very important metal cofactor in DNAzyme catalysis. GR5 is the first reported DNAzyme, and 17E is the most thoroughly studied. Both have the highest activity with Pb2+ and are by far the fastest RNA-cleaving DNAzymes. GR5 reacts only with Pb2+ while 17E is also active with a number of other divalent metal ions. It is also interesting to note that Pb2+ shows activity with most RNA-cleaving DNAzymes. To understand these Pb2+-dependent DNAzymes and the occurrence of DNAzyme sequences, herein systematic mutation studies are performed on GR5. A comparison with 17E is also made. The A6, G7, C13, and G14 positions in 17E have been previously established to be crucial and we report A6, G7, C14, and G15 in GR5 to have the same role. The guanine at the cleavage site dinucleotide junction of the substrate strand is also mutated to hypoxanthine, 2-aminopurine, and adenine. Again, both enzymes show the same trend of activity change. Our results suggest that both DNAzymes have a similar binding pocket for Pb2+. The reason for Pb2+ being active in many DNAzymes is attributed to its simple binding motif requirement. Finally, we propose that 17E is a special form of GR5. They both have the simple sequence requirements needed for Pb2+-dependent activity, but 17E has additional motifs making it active also with other divalent metal ions.
Exact-repair trade-off for (n, k = d − 1, d) regenerating codes (2017)

A class of exact-repair regenerating codes is introduced for a distributed storage systems with parameters (n, k = d - 1, d). The proposed construction uses determinant codes as building blocks. The proposed codes can be generated for k different operating points (α, β) on the trade-off, including the MBR and the MSR points. The trade-off achievable by the proposed code is strictly below the state-of-the-art codes, and more importantly, does not depend on n, the total number of nodes in the system. The field size required for the construction is only Θ(n).
ZIONISM (1985)

Journal Article ZIONISM Get access Harold Smith Harold Smith London, SW15 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar History Workshop Journal, Volume 20, Issue 1, Autumn 1985, Pages 215-b–215, https://doi.org/10.1093/hwj/20.1.215-b Published: 01 October 1985
The DIAN‐TU Next Generation Alzheimer's prevention trial: Adaptive design and disease progression model (2016)

These steps represent elements to improve efficacy of the adaptive platform trial and a continued effort to optimize prevention and treatment trials in ADAD.
Screening for Atrial Fibrillation in the Older Population (2021)

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02392754.
¿Por qué implementar un PMO dentro de una organización y cuáles son sus características? (2017)

Este articulo busca dar claridad sobre las diferentes características que tiene un PMO (Project Management Office), con el fin de que los empresarios entiendan la importancia que tiene la gerencia de proyectos dentro de una organización empresarial, resaltando autores tan importantes que han hablado del tema como Hill (2014) autor que define en su libro los tipos de PMO. Teniendo en cuenta la premisa de que dirigir proyectos implica dirigir una serie de procesos, con los cuales se debe llegar a finalizar el mismo en tiempo, costo y alcance sin perder de contexto la calidad que se debe aplicar en todos los procesos. En Colombia la PMO son recientes, pero se tiende a confundir sus actividades; además de clarificar que este tipo de oficina tiene un costo relevante para la empresa, pero así mismo ayudan a generar flujos de caja para el sostenimiento de la organización.
Synthesis and characterization of linear self-healing polyurethane based on thermally reversible Diels–Alder reaction (2013)

New linear polyurethane was synthesized via a Diels–Alder (DA) reaction between a polyurethane prepolymer end-capped with furan groups (MPF) and bismaleimide (BMI). The structure of the linear polyurethane with DA bonds was characterized by 1H NMR, ATI-FTIR, TGA and AFM. The introduction of DA bonds enables the polyurethane thermal reversibility, which was studied thoroughly by 1H NMR, DSC and GPC. Besides, the new linear polyurethane with DA bonds also exhibits self-healing properties under heat treatment, which was observed by polarized optical microscope. The self-healing efficiency determined by the recovery of breaking tensile strength after being damaged and healed can reach up to 80%.
Adaptive Early Exit of Computation for Energy-Efficient and Low-Latency Machine Learning over IoT Networks (2022)

Large Machine Learning (ML) models require considerable computing resources and raise challenges for integrating them with the decentralized operation of heterogeneous and resource-constrained Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Running ML tasks on the cloud can introduce network delay, throughput, and privacy concerns, whereas running ML tasks on IoT devices is penalized by their constrained resources. For this reason, recent research proposed cooperative execution of ML tasks over IoT networks but disregarded resource variability and the IoT devices’ energy constraints simultaneously. In this paper, we propose Early Exit of Computation (EEoC), an adaptive, energy-efficient, low-latency inference scheme over IoT networks. EEoC adaptively distributes the inference computation load between the IoT device and the edge server, based on estimated communication and computation resources, to jointly minimize prediction latency and energy consumption. We evaluate our solution’s latency and energy profile on a real testbed running two widely used neural networks. Results show that EEoC can reduce latency and energy consumption up to 24.6% and 46.5%, respectively, compared to other state-of-the-art solutions without sacrificing accuracy.
Community Midwifery M Cronk Community Midwifery C Flint Heinemann 262pp £12.95 0-433-00017-1 (1990)

The present movement towards caring for parents and their babies in their own homes and local clinics is to be applauded. After all, we don’t live in hospitals but out in our communities.
Isolation and Genetic Characterization of a Coinfection of Non-O157 Shiga Toxin-Producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2007)

A coinfection of O177:NM and O55:H7 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) was identified for a child with acute bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome by using culture and serotype-specific molecular reagents. The profile of O157-related genetic islands revealed that the O55:H7 isolate was highly similar to O157 STEC whereas the O177:NM isolate lacked several fimbrial O islands and non-locus-of-enterocyte-effacement effector determinants. However, both STEC serotypes are known to cause serious disease, and the significant repertoire of virulence determinants in both strains made it impossible to determine their individual contributions to the clinical symptoms.
2020 (2021)

Rajiv Bhatia follows the G20’s first virtual year, bringing an analysis of the new Space 20 programme. He concludes that without the endeavours of the G20, the COVID-hit world may have been worse off. He urges India to intensify its engagement in the forum, which it will chair in 2023.
Inhibition of endothelial adhesion molecule expression by <i>Monascus purpureus</i>‐fermented rice metabolites, monacolin K, ankaflavin, and monascin (2011)

Monascus-fermented rice metabolites reduced TNF-α-stimulated endothelial adhesiveness as well as downregulating intracellular ROS formation, NF-κB activation, and VCAM-1/E-selectin expression in HAECs, supporting the notion that the various metabolites from Monascus-fermented rice might have potential implications in clinical atherosclerosis disease.
Inflow Performance Relationship for Unconventional Reservoirs (Transient IPR) (2015)

Abstract Inflow Performance Relationship (IPR) describes a well's inflow rate at various flowing pressures. The conventional IPR assumes stabilized (i.e. boundary dominated) flow conditions. Unconventional reservoirs may take several years to reach stabilization and their performance evaluation involves complex modeling of stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) and requires advanced reservoir engineering knowledge. As a result, some of the traditional IPR concepts and notions are not applicable. This paper discusses the behaviour of "transient" IPR in comparison to "stabilized" IPR, the meaning of slope and intercept in transient IPR, and the differences between IPR of conventional and unconventional reservoirs. In addition, the effect of production history on transient IPR of a well is examined. The result of this study is a methodology for generating a "practical" transient IPR for multi-frac'ed horizontal wells. After history-matching the well's performance, the resulting reservoir model is used in a straightforward procedure to obtain the transient IPR in a form similar to the conventional IPR. This means that it can be used with nodal analysis for determining the effect of changing flowing pressure on the inflow rate. The methodology presented in this paper maintains the simplicity of use of IPRs, yet accounts for unconventional reservoir complications. The "practical" transient IPR can be used directly by the production engineer for optimizing the production performance of a well without the need to get involved in the complexities of reservoir modeling.
Threshold-Based Location-Aware Access Control (2012)

Designing a secure, resilient and user-friendly access control system is a challenging task. In this article, a threshold-based location-aware access control mechanism is proposed. This design uniquely combines the concepts of secret sharing and distance bounding protocols to tackle various security vulnerabilities. The proposed solution makes use of the fact that the user carries around various personal devices. This solution offers protection against any set of (t-1) or fewer compromised user’s devices, with t being an adjustable threshold number. It removes the single point of failure in the system, as access is granted when one carries any set of t user’s devices. Additionally it supports user-centered management, since users can alter the set of personal devices and can adjust the security parameters of the access control scheme towards their required level of security and reliability.
Quantitative analysis of electrophoresis data: novel curve fitting methodology and its application to the determination of a protein--DNA binding constant (1997)

A computer program, GelExplorer, which uses a new methodology for obtaining quantitative information about electrophoresis has been developed. It provides a straightforward, easy-to-use graphical interface, and includes a number of features which offer significant advantages over existing methods for quantitative gel analysis. The method uses curve fitting with a nonlinear least-squares optimization to deconvolute overlapping bands. Unlike most curve fitting approaches, the data is treated in two dimensions, fitting all the data across the entire width of the lane. This allows for accurate determination of the intensities of individual, overlapping bands, and in particular allows imperfectly shaped bands to be accurately modeled. Experiments described in this paper demonstrate empirically that the Lorentzian lineshape reproduces the contours of an individual gel band and provides a better model than the Gaussian function for curve fitting of electrophoresis bands. Results from several fitting applications are presented and a discussion of the sources and magnitudes of uncertainties in the results is included. Finally, the method is applied to the quantitative analysis of a hydroxyl radical footprint titration experiment to obtain the free energy of binding of the lambda repressor protein to the OR1 operator DNA sequence.
Simultaneous Analysis of Intracellular pH and Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> From Cell Populations<SUP> (2005)

Manipulation of cell function through stable transfection of agonist-specific receptors, components of second messenger cascades, or proteins with specific functional activities (enzymes, transporters, channels) has provided the tools to study intra- and intercellular signaling phenomena at a molecular level. In addition, cotransfection of cells with sequences coding for fluorescent markers such as green fluorescent protein has facilitated the selection and analysis of transfected cells. Techniques are also required to screen for and to monitor the functional changes associated with the genetic manipulation in order to investigate the physiological role of a component within a complex system such as a cell. Hormones and other agonists often elicit changes in intracellular pH (pH(in)) and/or calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)) that modulate cell responses. Thus, methods for comparing steady-state ion concentrations and the regulation of these ions between cell populations in which signaling pathways have been modified can provide an approach to screen for functional changes in signal transduction for selective agonists.
Early Postnatal Dexamethasone Therapy for the Prevention of Chronic Lung Disease in Preterm Infants With Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Multicenter Clinical Trial (1997)

In preterm infants with severe respiratory distress syndrome requiring assisted ventilation shortly after birth, early postnatal dexamethasone therapy reduces the incidence of chronic lung disease, probably on the basis of decreasing the pulmonary inflammatory process during the early neonatal period. Infection or sepsis is the major side effect that may affect the immediate outcome. Other observable side effects are transient. In view of the significant side effects and the lack of overall improvement in outcome and mortality, and the lack of long term follow-up data, the routine use of early dexamethasone therapy is not yet recommended.
Fuzzy, probabilistic and evidential reasoning in Fril (1993)

The form, inference method and theory for the rules in the AI programming language Fril are discussed. The extended and evidential logic rules are additional to previous forms and allow for many new types of applications involving causal nets and case-based reasoning. Semantic unification plays an important part in the inference process, which is also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Flexible large area ferroelectret sensors for location sensitive touchpads (2008)

Cellular polypropylene ferroelectrets are flexible transducer materials with dominant longitudinal piezoelectricity. They can be used for transient pressure sensing applications, due to the low cost of the sensor material. The authors show that ferroelectrets allow for the production of keyboards and touch pads with a customizable layout. Large area resistive electrodes on the ferroelectret with electronics at the edges avoid the preparation of complex sensor matrices. A touch pad of 10×10cm2 area was tested by applying a force of 1.7N on an area with a diameter of 5mm in a grid matrix with 23×23 elements.