gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of Ciprofloxacin-Resistant <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> by Use of a Fluorogenic PCR Assay (2000)

Fluoroquinolones are one class of antimicrobial agents commonly used to treat severe Campylobacter jejuni infection. C. jejuni strains resistant to high levels of the fluoroquinolone ciprofloxacin (MIC >/=16 microg/ml) have been predominantly characterized with a C-->T transition in codon 86 of gyrA. The gyrA gene encodes one subunit of DNA gyrase, which is a primary target for fluoroquinolone antibiotics. This study establishes a rapid PCR-based TaqMan method for identifying ciprofloxacin-resistant C. jejuni strains that carry the C-->T transition in codon 86 of gyrA. The assay uses real-time detection, eliminating the need for gel electrophoresis. Optimization of the assay parameters using purified Campylobacter DNA resulted in the ability to detect femtogram levels of DNA. The method should be useful for monitoring the development of ciprofloxacin resistance in C. jejuni. Compiled nucleotide sequence data on the quinolone resistance-determining region of gyrA in Campylobacter indicate that sequence comparison of this region is a useful method for tentative identification of Campylobacter isolates at the species level.
A standardized ZAP‐70 assay—Lessons learned in the trenches (2006)

Strict adherence to standardization can yield an assay that is predictable, reliable, and reproducible as well as capable of multisite implementation. The Rainbow beads provide a common platform for system calibration. The fixed cell culture controls provide a common target to test antibody. The final level of control tests the sensitivity of ZAP-70 detection in a normal peripheral blood sample stained along with the submitted CLL patients. The acceptance/rejection of test results must meet all three levels of control before patient results are reported.
Insight into the Inversion Mechanism of an Inverse Polymer Emulsion (2008)

A study of the mechanism of inversion of inverse polymer emulsions showed that the likely key step in the inversion process is the swelling of polymer particles caused by added water diffusing through the oil phase. Therefore, we propose that inversion occurs as a result of polymer particle crowding caused by water diffusion and subsequent droplet rupture that results in the release of the polymer into the water phase.
Detection of Ligands from a Dynamic Combinatorial Library by X‐ray Crystallography (2003)

Eine dynamische kombinatorische Liganden-Bibliothek wurde in Gegenwart von Kristallen des Zielproteins, der Cyclin-abhängigen Kinase 2 (CDK2), aus Hydrazin(A)- und Isatin(B)-Derivaten synthetisiert. Einige potente Liganden wurden durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse ihrer Protein-Komplexe eindeutig identifiziert.
Enhancement of Anti-Herpetic Activity of Glycyrrhizic Acid by Physiological Proteins (2001)

Some enzymes present in biological fluids, such as lysozyme (LYS) and lactoferrin (LAC), are known to possess antibacterial and antiviral activity, against herpesviruses in particular. It will be shown in this paper that their combination with a natural triterpene, namely glycyrrhizic acid (GLA), gives significant results in enhancing the antagonistic activity on HSV1 in in vitro assays. Data elaboration was carried out by calculation of the FIC index (fractional inhibitory concentration) for each combination of the three compounds and by a three-dimensional evaluation of the inhibiting combinatory effects, which indicated the percentage of the synergistic action. A FIC index equal to or below 0.5 demonstrated a significant synergistic effect between two substances. Considering each single compound, the 50% inhibiting doses on viral replication (ID50) were 252+/-53 microg/ml for LAC, 497+/-165 microg/ml for LYS and 740+/-125 microg/ml for GLA. The combination of LAC and GLA showed a clear synergistic effect, with a FIC index of 0.08 and a potentiating activity which, for some doses, was up to 1.5 log10 of difference (from about 5.5x10(6) to 10(5) pfu/ml). The combinations of GLA and LYS, and LYS and LAC showed a less significant synergistic activity. These findings led to the conclusion that some physiological proteins, even at concentrations usually present in some body fluids, may enhance the anti-herpetic activity of a natural compound such as GLA.
Absolute distance measurement using sinusoidal phase modulating frequency sweeping interferometry with a reference interferometer (2022)

Frequency sweeping interferometry with reference interferometer based on sinusoidal phase modulating technique is proposed in this paper for absolute distance measurement. With the frequency of the external cavity diode laser (ECDL) swept continuously in sinusoidal, a HeNe laser was employed to monitor the drifts of the target and the reference length, and influences caused by drifts during the measurement were compensated in real time. Sinusoidal phase modulation with non-overlapping frequencies were applied to the two laser lights individually by two electro-optic modulators (EOM), and the interference phases corresponding to the two laser lights were extracted simultaneously using the phase generated carrier (PGC) demodulation based on frequency-division multiplex technique. Performance of the phase detection method has been verified by nanometer displacement measurements. Experimental results show that the measurement uncertainty can be considerably reduced by compensating the influences of drifts and by applying linear regression to get the ratio of interference phase changes between the measurement interferometer and the reference interferometer. Comparison of the absolute distance measurement with an incremental interferometer yields a measurement uncertainty of 10<sup>-5</sup>, which is in good agreement with the estimation of the measurement uncertainty.
Near-field NanoThermoMechanical memory (2014)

In this letter, we introduce the concept of NanoThermoMechanical Memory. Unlike electronic memory, a NanoThermoMechanical memory device uses heat instead of electricity to record, store, and recover data. Memory function is achieved through the coupling of near-field thermal radiation and thermal expansion resulting in negative differential thermal resistance and thermal latching. Here, we demonstrate theoretically via numerical modeling the concept of near-field thermal radiation enabled negative differential thermal resistance that achieves bistable states. Design and implementation of a practical silicon based NanoThermoMechanical memory device are proposed along with a study of its dynamic response under write/read cycles. With more than 50% of the world's energy losses being in the form of heat along with the ever increasing need to develop computer technologies which can operate in harsh environments (e.g., very high temperatures), NanoThermoMechanical memory and logic devices may hold the answer.
Self‐navigated motion correction using moments of spatial projections in radial MRI (2004)

Interest in radial MRI (also known as projection reconstruction (PR) MRI) has increased recently for uses such as fast scanning and undersampled acquisitions. Additionally, PR acquisitions offer intrinsic advantages over standard two-dimensional Fourier transform (2DFT) imaging with respect to motion of the imaged object. It is well known that aligning each spatial domain projection's center of mass (calculated using the 0th and 1st moments) to the center of the field of view (FOV) corrects shifts caused by in-plane translation. In this work, a previously unrealized ability to determine the in-plane rotational motion of an imaged object using the 2nd moments of the spatial domain projections in conjunction with a specific projection angle acquisition time order is reported. We performed the correction using only the PR data itself acquired with the newly proposed projection angle acquisition time order. With the proposed view angle acquisition order, the acquisition is "self-navigating" with respect to both in-plane translation and rotation. We reconstructed the images using the aligned projections and detected acquisition angles to significantly reduce image artifacts due to such motion. The theory of the correction technique is described, and its effectiveness is demonstrated in phantom and in vivo experiments.
Identification and Optimization of Carbon Radicals on Hydrated Graphene Oxide for Ubiquitous Antibacterial Coatings (2016)

While the antibacterial properties of graphene oxide (GO) have been demonstrated across a spectrum of bacteria, the critical role of functional groups is unclear. To address this important issue, we utilized reduction and hydration methods to establish a GO library with different oxidation, hydroxyl, and carbon radical (•C) levels that can be used to study the impact on antibacterial activity. Using antibiotic-resistant bacteria as a test platform, we found that the •C density is most proximately associated with bacterial killing. Accordingly, hydrated GO (hGO), with the highest •C density, had the strongest antibacterial effects through membrane binding and induction of lipid peroxidation. To explore its potential applications, we demonstrated that coating of catheter and glass surfaces with hGO is capable of killing drug-resistant bacteria. In summary, •C is the principle surface moiety that can be utilized for clinical applications of GO-based antibacterial coatings.
Halide Perovskites: new high performance semiconductors (2017)

International audience
Establishment of a neovascular bed in a collegen‐impregnated polyurethane sponge (1989)

A technique for promoting vascularization of a polyurethane sponge is demonstrated in the present study. Collagen-impregnated polyurethane sponges (Hypol, 2002) Foamable Hydrophilic Prepolymer (FHP) were implanted in the femoral fossa of rats for 1 day to 6 weeks. The ligated femoral artery/vein was pulled through the sponges to facilitate more complete neovascularization. Light-microscopic evaluation of the implanted sponges revealed that significant vascularization had occurred by the seventh day of implantation, and was maximal by the fourth to sixth week. Sponges containing collagen had a more thorough vascularization process than sponges without collagen, perhaps due to a more uniform pore size as demonstrated by scanning EM. Time course studies suggested that the artery/vein pull-through enhanced the development of the neovascularization process in the center of the sponges. We conclude that significant vascular tissue in-growth can be developed in polyurethane sponges and that both collagen and centrally placed blood vessels help promote the vascularization process. Potential applications could extend to a variety of bioartificial systems including endocrine or hepatic transplantation, soft-tissue prosthetic materials, bone grafts, or drug delivery systems. Further studies would be useful in providing additional information on the factors promoting neovascularization, and on the potential applications of this methodology using the present or similar biomaterials.
Electrochemical storage cell or battery. [wall corrosion minimized by screening electrode in cathode chamber] (1977)

An electrochemical storage cell or battery based on sodium and sulfur has an anode chamber and a cathode chamber separated from each other by a dividing wall capable of conducting sodium ions. The cell is provided with a screening electrode disposed in the chamber containing sulfur as a reactant between the dividing wall and the outer cell wall of the chamber to screen the cell wall electrically and thereby minimize corrosion of the cell wall. 2 figures.
Method of determining lanthanides in a transition element host. [luminescence] (1976)

A phosphor composition contains a lanthanide activator element within a host matrix having a transition element as a major component. The host matrix is composed of certain rare earth phosphates or vanadates such as YPO/sub 4/ with a portion of the rare earth replaced with one or more of the transition elements. On x-ray or other electromagnetic excitation, trace lanthanide impurities or additives within the phosphor are spectrometrically determined from their characteristic luminescence. 7 figures.
Protecting the Reservoir With Surfactant Micellar Drill-In Fluids in Carbonate-Containing Formations (2011)

Summary Conventional water-based drill-in fluids (DIFs) contain high-molecular-weight polymers and different-size-distribution solid particles to reduce fluid loss and carry drilling debris back to surface during the drilling process. The polymers and solid particles in the drill-in fluids usually generate near-wellbore formation damage. This paper introduces a new polymer-free and solids-free surfactant micellar-based drill-in-fluid system to drill a carbonate-containing reservoir. This new fluid system contains relatively low-reactivity acids mixed with surfactants and internal breakers. The drill-in fluid is designed to have low viscosities in the drillpipe. After the fluid flows out of the drill bit, the acids will react with carbonates in the formation and thereby increase the pH of the drill-in fluid. The higher fluid pH combined with the presence of dissolved divalent ions will cause the surfactants to form elongated micelle structures that will significantly increase fluid viscosity at the bottom of the hole and in the downhole annulus between the drillpipe and the formation rock. The viscosified drill-in fluid will reduce fluid loss and will carry nondissolved drilling debris to the surface. After drilling through the targeted formation, the internal breakers in the viscosified drill-in fluid will break down the fluid viscosity to improve ease of removal, and the drill-in fluid should leave very little or no near-wellbore damage.
Enhanced phosphatation clarification performance for improved production efficiency and product quality in sugar refineries. (2010)

With reference to case studies, this paper will demonstrate the benefits of using CarboUA's patent-pending high performance purification aids to achieve enhanced phosphatation clarification performance in sugar refineries. The additional purification imparted to the in-process liquors are reported and measured utilizing colour as the performance metric. Production efficiency gains are measured by improvements in low grade boilings (R4) as well as improvements in the ratio of fine liquors: syrups in vacuum pan boilings. The palpable benefits translating into immediate increases in profitability are evidenced by increased daily refined sugar output and improved refined sugar quality.
Apparatus and method of inserting a microelectrode in body tissue or the like using vibration means (1980)

An arrangement for and method of inserting a glass microelectrode having a tip in the micron range into body tissue is presented. The arrangement includes a microelectrode. The top of the microelectrode is attached to the diaphragm center of a first speaker. The microelectrode tip is brought into contact with the tissue by controlling a micromanipulator. Thereafter, an audio signal is applied to the speaker to cause the microelectrode to vibrate and thereby pierce the tissue surface without breaking the microelectrode tip. Thereafter, the tip is inserted into the tissue to the desired depth by operating the micromanipulator with the microelectrode in a vibratory or non-vibratory state.
An Approach to the Construction of Tailor-Made Amphiphilic Peptides That Strongly and Selectively Bind to Hairpin RNA Targets (2009)

The hairpin RNA motif is one of the most frequently observed secondary structures and is often targeted by therapeutic agents. An amphiphilic peptide with seven lysine and eight leucine residues and its derivatives were designed for use as ligands against RNA hairpin motifs. We hypothesized that variations in both the hydrophobic leucine-rich and hydrophilic lysine-rich spheres of these amphiphilic peptides would create extra attractive interactions with hairpin RNA targets. A series of alanine-scanned peptides were probed to identify the most influential lysine residues in the hydrophilic sphere. The binding affinities of these modified peptides with several hairpins, such as RRE, TAR from HIV, a short hairpin from IRES of HCV, and a hairpin from the 16S A-site stem from rRNA, were determined. Since the hairpin from IRES of HCV was the most susceptible to the initial series of alanine-scanned peptides, studies investigating how further variations in the peptides effect binding employed the IRES hairpin. Next, the important Lys residues were substituted by shorter chain amines, such as ornithine, to place the peptide deeper into the hairpin groove. In a few cases, a 70-fold improved binding was observed for peptides that contained the specifically located shorter amine side chains. To further explore changes in binding affinities brought about by alterations in the hydrophobic sphere, tryptophan residues were introduced in place of leucine. A few peptides with tryptophan in specific positions also displayed 70-fold improved binding affinities. Finally, double mutant peptides incorporating both specifically located shorter amine side chains in the hydrophilic region and tryptophan residues in the hydrophobic region were synthesized. The binding affinities of peptides containing the simple double modification were observed to be 80 times lower, and their binding specificities were increased 40-fold. The results of this effort provide important information about strategies that can be used to prepare peptides that both strongly and selectively target hairpin RNAs. Specifically, the findings indicate that tailor-made amphiphilic peptide ligands against certain hairpin RNAs can be obtained if the RNA target possesses a deep groove in which both the hydrophobic and hydrophilic spheres of the peptide interact.
141. Ovarian Cancer-Specific Gene Therapy by Oncolytic Adenovirus (2006)

To explore the potential use of IAI.3B isolated from ovarian cancer cells in gene therapy for ovarian cancer, we identified the promoter region of the IAI.3B gene and created a replication-selective adenovirus, AdE3-IAI.3B, driven by the promoter. The promoter activity of IAI.3B is preferentially expressed in ovarian cancer cells with negligible expression in squamous cell carcinoma and normal cells. We inserted the IAI.3B promoter into the E1A promoter region of adenovirus to make an oncolytic adenovirus specific for ovarian cancer therapy.
A 60 degree scanning offset reflector antenna with high aperture efficiency (1990)

A new type of microwave offset reflector antenna which provides +or-30 degrees of scanning with reasonably high aperture efficiency is presented. This scanning reflector, like the torus antenna, combines reasonable scanning in one plane with good focusing in the other. Its scanning ability is superior to that of the torus and other single reflectors because it has much greater aperture efficiency and is thus smaller while being just as effective. A symmetric scanning reflector surface was derived in two steps: the fourth-order profile curve in the scan plane was found using least squares methods to minimize the scanned beam error; then, even polynomial terms which minimize astigmatism for both the unscanned and maximally scanned beams were added to form the three-dimensional surface. The offset design procedure is similar to that of the symmetric case. However, the offset geometry allows for odd order terms which do not exist in the symmetric case. Good results have been attained for +or-30 degrees scanning with a 30 lambda diameter illuminated aperture.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A synthesis of human .beta.-endorphin in solution (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA synthesis of human .beta.-endorphin in solutionChrysa Tzougraki, Raymond C. Makofske, Thomas F. Gabriel, Su-Sun Wang, Rostyslaw Kutny, Johannes Meienhofer, and Choh Hao LiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 19, 6248–6249Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00487a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00487a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views58Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Enzymatic Determination of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone with a Quinoprotein Glycerol Dehydrogenase (1988)

Enzymatic Determination of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone with a Quinoprotein Glycerol Dehydrogenase Get access Osao Adachi, Osao Adachi Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kazunobu Matsushita, Kazunobu Matsushita Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Emiko Shinagawa, Emiko Shinagawa Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Minoru Ameyama Minoru Ameyama Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 52, Issue 8, 1 August 1988, Pages 2081–2082, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1988.10868996 Published: 01 August 1988 Article history Received: 27 November 1987 Published: 01 August 1988