gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel process for mutation detection using uracil DNA-glycosylase (1998)

A novel process is presented for the detection of known mutations and polymorphisms in DNA. This process, termed glycosylase mediated polymorphism detection (GMPD) involves amplification of the target DNA using three normal dNTPs and a fourth modified dNTP, whose base is a substrate for a specific DNA-glycosylase once incorporated into the DNA. The work described here utilises uracil DNA-glycosylase as the specific glycosylase and dUTP as the modified dNTP. Primers are designed so that during extension, the position of the first uracil incorporated into the extended primers differs depending on whether a mutation is present or absent. Subsequent glycosylase excision of the uracil residues followed by cleavage of the apyrimidinic sites allows detection of the mutation in the amplified fragment as a fragment length polymorphism. Variation in the sizes of the fragment length polymorphisms generated, can be readily achieved through the use of inosine bases in place of adenine bases in the upper and/or lower primers. The GMPD process is also adaptable to solid phase analysis. The use of the process for detection of mutations in the RYR1 and CFTR genes is demonstrated. Overall, the simplicity, specificity, versatility and flexibility of the GMPD process make it an attractive candidate for both small and large scale application in mutation detection and genome analysis.
Revisiting Consistent Hashing with Bounded Loads (2021)

Dynamic load balancing lies at the heart of distributed caching. Here, the goal is to assign objects (load) to servers (computing nodes) in a way that provides load balancing while at the same time dynamically adjusts to the addition or removal of servers. Load balancing is a critical topic in many areas including cloud systems, distributed databases, and distributed and data-parallel machine learning. A popular and widely adopted solution to dynamic load balancing is the two-decade-old Consistent Hashing (CH). Recently, an elegant extension was provided to account for server bounds. In this paper, we identify that existing methodologies for CH and its variants suffer from cascaded overflow, leading to poor load balancing. This cascading effect leads to decreasing performance of the hashing procedure with increasing load. To overcome the cascading effect, we propose a simple solution to CH based on recent advances in fast minwise hashing. We show, both theoretically and empirically, that our proposed solution is significantly superior for load balancing and is optimal in many senses. On the AOL search dataset and Indiana University Clicks dataset with real user activity, our proposed solution reduces cache misses by several magnitudes.
Rapid Silicon-to-Steel Bonding via Inductive Heating (2006)

In this work, we present a rapid, low temperature process for the bonding of silicon to steel through the use of inductive heating for MEMS sensor applications. The bonding process takes as short as three seconds with a maximum bonding temperature as low as 230°C at the steel surface. The bonding strength is strong, and causes minimal damage to steel. The process has also been shown to work using leaded and leadfree bonding solder with minimal surface preparation to the steel. Four characterization experiments – tensile and compressive 4-point bend, axial extension, and fatigue tests – have been performed to validate the bonding process and materials. As such, this work illustrates the promise of applying inductive heating for the rapid silicon bonding to steel components for MEMS sensing applications.
Discovery and structure-activity relationship of a series of 1-carba-1-dethiacephems exhibiting activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (1993)

The synthesis and antimicrobial activity of several new 1-carba-1-dethiacephalosporins is described. The discovery of unique activity of some of the analogues against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus led to the development of a structure-activity relationship designed to optimize this activity. The results of this investigation along with the pharmacokinetic characteristics of select compounds are described.
Fermentation of Radiolabeled Carbohydrates by a Reconstructed Continuous-Flow Culture Effective Against Salmonella in Broiler Chicks (1995)

An 81-d-old continuous-flow (CF) culture of broiler cecal bacteria was maintained in a lactose-based broth. The culture had been previously proven effective against Salmonella colonization in young chicks, especially when the chicks were provided dietary lactose. Portions of the CF culture were batch-cultured in glucose- and lactose-based broths containing 14C-labeled lactose, glucose, galactose, or lactic acid to determine the effect of media carbohydrate on fermentation products. Acetic and propionic acids were the major 14C-labeled fermentation products. 14C-Carbohydrates were fermented to lactic acid and then to acetic and propionic acids. Distribution of radiolabeled fermentation products was effected by the broth carbohydrate and the time postinoculation.
CD8+, CD8−, and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Generation In Vitro Using flt3 Ligand (2009)

The generation of dendritic cells (DCs) from monocytes and early progenitors in GM-CSF cultures has been the gold standard for in vitro generation of DCs for three decades. However, the most recent evidence suggests that these cultures represent the migratory and inflammatory DC subtypes and not the DC subtypes found in the steady state. By contrast a different culture method was described where mouse bone marrow is cultured with flt3 ligand for 9 days. Here, we describe this method in detail for the generation of the phenotypic, functional, and developmental equivalents of CD8(+), CD8(-), and plasmacytoid DCs. This includes growth and purification of recombinant flt3 ligand from Chinese hamster ovary cells, isolation of bone marrow cells, and phenotypic characterization of the subsets. This simple method allows generation of large numbers of DCs (60-100 million from one mouse) compared to splenic DC isolation (5 million per mouse).
<i>In Vivo</i> Antiviral Activity of Novel Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nucleocapsid p7 Zinc Finger Inhibitors in a Transgenic Murine Model (2003)

Control of human immunodeficiency virus through the use of inexpensive chemotherapeutics, with minimal side effects and decreased potential for engendering resistant virus, is a long-term therapeutic goal. In principle, this goal can be accomplished if viral replication in reservoirs of chronically and latently infected cells is addressed. As a first step, we have developed novel antiviral compounds based on a 2-mercaptobenzamide thioester chemotype, including the pyridinioalkanoyl thioesters, which specifically target the zinc fingers of the human immunodeficiency virus nucleocapsid protein (NCp7). Using these compounds in a murine transgenic model, in which infectious human immunodeficiency virus is induced from an integrated provirus, we show inhibition of transgenic spleen cell p24 expression with potencies comparable to acute infection assays using human peripheral blood lymphocytes. More importantly, transgenic mice treated in vivo with two 2-mercaptobenzamide thioesters expressed significantly lower plasma p24, and splenocytes from these animals produced fewer infectious virions. Thus, these thioesters may provide an effective means for inhibiting the expression of human immunodeficiency virus from integrated viral reservoirs.
Simultaneous Single Detector Measurement of Multiple Fluorescent Sources (2013)

In many applications it is desirable to simultaneously measure the concentration of multiple fluorescent sources. In this paper, a simple robust technique for accomplishing this is realized by illuminating the fluorescent elements by excitation light modulated at different frequencies. A single microprocessor is used to drive the excitation sources (different color LEDs), and analyze the detector response at the two different frequencies. The excitation light at both colors is filtered by a single set of cross-polarized filters, and the signal from the single detector is locked-in to the different excitation light frequencies to simultaneously measure the response of different dyes. As proof-of-concept, this approach is demonstrated on two distinct systems. First, mixtures of concentrations of the fluorescent dyes trisodium 8-methoxypyrene-1, 3,6-trisulfonate and Rhodamine 6G in water are simultaneously measured in a standard fluorescence measurement. Then, the system is used for simultaneous detection of O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> and CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> in a mixture of gases using two different gas-sensitive fluorescent films. The detection of oxygen is based on the fluorescence quenching of platinum octaethylporphine lumiphore in the presence of O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> . The detection of CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> is based on fluorescence quenching of hydroxypyrene trisulfonic acid trisodium salt in presence of CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> . The whole arrangement is a compact and low-cost simultaneous multicolor fluorescent sensor system that is suitable for many biological, chemical, and gas-monitoring applications.
Inhibition of SARS Coronavirus Infection In Vitro with Clinically Approved Antiviral Drugs (2004)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an infectious disease caused by a newly identified human coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Currently, no effective drug exists to treat SARS-CoV infection. In this study, we investigated whether a panel of commercially available antiviral drugs exhibit in vitro anti-SARS-CoV activity. A drug-screening assay that scores for virus-induced cytopathic effects on cultured cells was used. Tested were 19 clinically approved compounds from several major antiviral pharmacologic classes: nucleoside analogs, interferons, protease inhibitors, reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and neuraminidase inhibitors. Complete inhibition of cytopathic effects of SARS-CoV in culture was observed for interferon subtypes, b-1b, a-n1, a-n3, and human leukocyte interferon a. These findings support clinical testing of approved interferons for the treatment of SARS.
High levels of nuclear heat-shock factor 1 (HSF1) are associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer (2011)

Heat-shock factor 1 (HSF1) is the master transcriptional regulator of the cellular response to heat and a wide variety of other stressors. We previously reported that HSF1 promotes the survival and proliferation of malignant cells. At this time, however, the clinical and prognostic significance of HSF1 in cancer is unknown. To address this issue breast cancer samples from 1,841 participants in the Nurses' Health Study were scored for levels of nuclear HSF1. Associations of HSF1 status with clinical parameters and survival outcomes were investigated by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models. The associations were further delineated by Kaplan-Meier analysis using publicly available mRNA expression data. Our results show that nuclear HSF1 levels were elevated in ∼80% of in situ and invasive breast carcinomas. In invasive carcinomas, HSF1 expression was associated with high histologic grade, larger tumor size, and nodal involvement at diagnosis (P < 0.0001). By using multivariate analysis to account for the effects of covariates, high HSF1 levels were found to be independently associated with increased mortality (hazards ratio: 1.62; 95% confidence interval: 1.21-2.17; P < 0.0013). This association was seen in the estrogen receptor (ER)-positive population (hazards ratio: 2.10; 95% confidence interval: 1.45-3.03; P < 0.0001). In public expression profiling data, high HSF1 mRNA levels were also associated with an increase in ER-positive breast cancer-specific mortality. We conclude that increased HSF1 is associated with reduced breast cancer survival. The findings indicate that HSF1 should be evaluated prospectively as an independent prognostic indicator in ER-positive breast cancer. HSF1 may ultimately be a useful therapeutic target in cancer.
mTOR Inhibitors in Polycystic Kidney Disease (2010)

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a common cause of inherited renal failure1 that is characterized by the progressive formation of renal cysts, which leads to end-stage renal disease in mid-adulthood. Furthermore, massive renal enlargement has a number of untoward consequences, including chronic pain, hypertension, and cyst infections. Approximately 85% of ADPKD cases are caused by mutations in the PKD1 gene that encodes a large membrane receptor. The remaining 15% of cases result from mutations in the PKD2 gene, a calcium-permeable channel that binds to PKD1. The accelerated pace of scientific discovery in the field has led to an . . .
High-performance quasi-optical GaAs monolithic mixer at 110 GHz (1981)

A novel GaAs monolithic integrated circuit mixer has been fabricated which is impedance matched to fundamental waveguide. It consists of a slot coupler, coplanar transmission line, surface-oriented Schottky-barrier diode, and RF bypass capacitor monolithically integrated on the GaAs surface. At 110 GHz, a monolithic mixer module mounted in the end of a waveguide horn has an uncooled double-sideband (DSB) mixer noise temperature of 339 K and conversion loss of 3.8 dB.
Hydrogen‐free catalytic fractionation of woody biomass (2016)

The pulping industry could become a biorefinery if the lignin and hemicellulose components of the lignocellulose are valorized. Conversion of lignin into well-defined aromatic chemicals is still a major challenge. Lignin depolymerization reactions often occur in parallel with irreversible condensation reactions of the formed fragments. Here, we describe a strategy that markedly suppresses the undesired condensation pathways and allows to selectively transform lignin into a few aromatic compounds. Notably, applying this strategy to woody biomass at organosolv pulping conditions, the hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin were separated and in parallel the lignin was transformed into aromatic monomers. In addition, we were able to utilize a part of the lignocellulose as an internal source of hydrogen for the reductive lignin transformations. We hope that the presented methodology will inspire researchers in the field of lignin valorization as well as pulp producers to develop more efficient biomass fractionation processes in the future.
Synthesis of Polyimides via the Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylation of Bis(o-iodo Esters) and Diamines (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Polyimides via the Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylation of Bis(o-iodo Esters) and DiaminesRobert J. Perry, B. David Wilson, S. Richard Turner, and Richard W. BlevinsCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 10, 3509–3515Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00114a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00114a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views489Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Guardrail Optimization for Rural Roads (2011)

Guardrail barriers are optimized to provide a recommended lower-cost barrier solution for rural roadways in the United States, Europe, and developing countries. Physics-based guardrail analysis has determined that barrier behaviors are not random but tend to follow consistent characteristic patterns of response to vehicle impacts. Performance variability in conventional W-beam guardrails is closely associated with components that introduce variability into these patterns. Independent variations in release load of around 360% and 40% combine to result in the three primary guardrail failure modes, known as vehicle pocketing, vaulting, and hard wheel snagging. The solution to this performance variability problem is to optimize the release load in relation to support-post-section properties. This operation is accomplished by introducing a separate deformable release member that consistently provides the needed release load. This procedure enables the simultaneous optimization of cost and performance by reestablishing stable patterns in guardrail response to vehicle impacts; addressing the three primary guardrail failure modes; eliminating complexity associated with unnecessary components such as offset blocks, backup plates, and midspan splices; upgrading the reliability of existing guardrail systems on a retrofitable basis with minimal disruption; enabling a range of standard post types to accommodate local material preferences; and enabling a range of post spacings for diverse terrains and a range of rail heights to accommodate roadway overlays. A versatile W-beam guardrail incorporating these improved capabilities has been successfully crash tested and accepted by FHWA at NCHRP Report 350 test levels and Test Level 3 of the AASHTO Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware.
Development of a 13.2 kV/630 A (8.3 MVA) High Temperature Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (2008)

This paper deals with fabrication and development of a high temperature superconducting (HTS) fault current limiter (FCL) based on YBCO coated conductor (CC) wire for distribution systems. The capacity of the developed HTS FCL is 8.3 MVA and its rated voltage is 13.2 kV which corresponds to a three-phase power equipment voltage class of 22.9 kV. Tests of the developed prototype HTS FCL were conducted at Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI) accredited as a testing laboratory by the Korea Laboratory Accreditation Scheme (KOLAS). A short-circuit test and an AC dielectric withstand voltage test for the HTS FCL were conducted under sub-cooled liquid nitrogen (LN <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) conditions of 3 bar and 65 K. The magnitude of an asymmetric short- circuit current without FCL reached 30 kA <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">peak</sub> in a short-circuit test. The superconducting coil quenched instantaneously after the fault, and the magnitude of the fault current was limited to 3.6 kA <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">peak</sub> within quarter cycle by the developed resistance of the superconducting coil. An AC dielectric withstand voltage test was performed, and the HTS FCL successfully withstood 143 kV for 1 minute. Also, it was found that there was no electrical or mechanical damage on the superconducting coil after the tests.
Information retrieval from relational databases using semantic queries (2006)

Relational databases are widely used today as a mechanism for providing access to structured data. They, however, are not suitable for typical information finding tasks of end users. There is often a semantic gap between the queries users want to express and the queries that can be answered by the database. In this paper, we propose a system that bridges this semantic gap using domain knowledge contained in ontologies. Our system extends relational databases with the ability to answer semantic queries that are represented in SPARQL, an emerging Semantic Web query language. Users express their queries in SPARQL, based on a semantic model of the data, and they get back semantically relevant results. We define different categories of results that are semantically relevant to the users' query and show how our system retrieves these results. We evaluate the performance of our system on sample relational databases, using a combination of standard and custom ontologies.
Room-temperature perpendicular magnetization switching through giant spin-orbit torque from sputtered BixSe(1-x) topological insulator material (2017)

The spin-orbit torque (SOT) arising from materials with large spin-orbit coupling promises a path for ultra-low power and fast magnetic-based storage and computational devices. We investigated the SOT from magnetron-sputtered BixSe(1-x) thin films in BixSe(1-x)/CoFeB heterostructures by using a dc planar Hall method. Remarkably, the spin Hall angle (SHA) was found to be as large as 18.83, which is the largest ever reported at room temperature (RT). Moreover, switching of a perpendicular CoFeB multilayer using SOT from the BixSe(1-x) has been observed with the lowest-ever switching current density reported in a bilayer system: 2.3 * 105 A/cm2 at RT. The giant SHA, smooth surface, ease of growth of the films on silicon substrate, successful growth and switching of a perpendicular CoFeB multilayer on BixSe(1-x) film opens a path for use of BixSe(1-x) topological insulator (TI) material as a spin-current generator in SOT-based memory and logic devices.
Upgrading the metro ethernet network (2013)

Large scale Metro Ethernet Networks are widely deployed using Provider Bridging (PB) technology. Scaling these networks is a challenging task for any network operator. Newer technologies such as Provider Backbone Bridging (PBB) and Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) are available as choices to a carrier that is upgrading PB networks. In this paper we focus on technologies that are be ing deployed in Metro Ethernet Networks and discuss how to introduce them in a gradual way. We also define a method that allows in-service migration of VLAN services. Furthermore, we provide techniques that allow providers to reap the benefits that the new technologies offer from the beginning of their deployment without the need for a forklift network upgrade.
Video printing and fuzzy control (1995)

Article Video printing and fuzzy control Share on Authors: Ali Asgharzadeh CAD Laboratory for Intelligent and Robotic Sysmtes, University of New Mexico CAD Laboratory for Intelligent and Robotic Sysmtes, University of New MexicoView Profile , Mohammad Jamshidi CAD Laboratory for Intelligent and Robotic Sysmtes, University of New Mexico CAD Laboratory for Intelligent and Robotic Sysmtes, University of New MexicoView Profile Authors Info & Claims SAC '95: Proceedings of the 1995 ACM symposium on Applied computingFebruary 1995 Pages 529–531https://doi.org/10.1145/315891.316087Online:26 February 1995Publication History 0citation121DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads121Last 12 Months2Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access