gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kinetics of fluorescent-labeled phosphatidylcholine transfer between nonspecific lipid transfer protein and phospholipid vesicles (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics of fluorescent-labeled phosphatidylcholine transfer between nonspecific lipid transfer protein and phospholipid vesiclesJ. Wylie NicholsCite this: Biochemistry 1988, 27, 6, 1889–1896Publication Date (Print):March 22, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 22 March 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00406a014https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00406a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views185Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Phosphorus: An Elemental Catalyst for Diamond Synthesis and Growth (1993)

As diamond-producing catalysts, 12 transition metals such as iron, cobalt, and nickel were first reported by General Electric researchers more than 30 years ago. Since then, no additional elemental catalyst has been reported. An investigation of the catalytic action of group V elements is of great interest from the viewpoint of producing an n-type semiconducting diamond crystal. In the present study, diamond was synthesized from graphite in the presence of elemental phosphorus at high pressure and temperature (7.7 gigapascals and 1800 degrees C). Furthermore, single-crystal diamond was grown on a diamond seed crystal.
3-D Textiles for Advanced Cement Based Matrix Reinforcement (2007)

This article gives a definition for the wording 3-D textiles and presents the latest developments in the field of 3-D textile production. The double needle bar raschel technology has been improved by inserting straight reinforcement yarns inserted bi-axially on both sides of the textile. This is a completely new approach and allows a wide range of new applications. One major application of the bi-axially reinforced spacer fabrics is the `textile reinforced concrete' (TRC). In TRC, ready-made textiles can be used instead of single fibers in order to take full advantage of the fiber strength. As the 3-D textiles can be positioned conforming the load situation in three dimensions, they show a superior behavior from technical and economical point of view. A completely new type of 3-D-fabric is presented — warp knitted spacer fabrics for concrete applications.
한국산 품종으로부터 분리한 고구마 전분 젤의 저장 중 미세구조, 텍스처 및 리올리지 특성 (2018)

Purpose: Microstructure, texture and rheological properties of sweet potato starch gels (SSG) were investigated to understand how they are varied depending on the sweet potato cultivars of Korea, such as purple-fleshed Sinjami and Borami, orange-fleshed Juwhangmi and Sinwhangmi, and white/cream-fleshed Sinyulmi, Sincheonmi, Yeonwhangmi, and Jeungmi. Methods: Starch was purified using an alkaline steeping method and SSGs were made from 10% starch pastes. Color values, microstructure, crystallinity, and texture and rheological properties of SSGs during storage were investigated. Results: The color values, lightness, greenness, and blueness increased during storage. Internal microstructure of SSGs changed depending on the cultivars and the number of storage time and the size of air cells within the gel matrix each increased during storage. Crystallinity of SSGs changed from the V type (1 and 4 day storage) to the B type (10 day storage). Textural properties of SSGs were significantly different from those of other cultivars (p Juwhangmi, Sinyulmi, Sincheonmi, and Jeungmi in the descending order. Conclusion: SSGs showed similar trends in color value changes and crystallinity during storage regardless of the cultivars. Microstructure, texture and rheological properties of SSGs were different depending on the cultivars and storage time. However Sinwhangmi and Yeonwhangmi starch gels were not only higher hardness, springiness, gumminess, and resilience, but also the highest viscoelasticity using a dynamic rheometer.
Estimation of Cell Young’s Modulus of Adherent Cells Probed by Optical and Magnetic Tweezers: Influence of Cell Thickness and Bead Immersion (2006)

A precise characterization of cell elastic properties is crucial for understanding the mechanisms by which cells sense mechanical stimuli and how these factors alter cellular functions. Optical and magnetic tweezers are micromanipulation techniques which are widely used for quantifying the stiffness of adherent cells from their response to an external force applied on a bead partially embedded within the cell cortex. However, the relationships between imposed external force and resulting bead translation or rotation obtained from these experimental techniques only characterize the apparent cell stiffness. Indeed, the value of the estimated apparent cell stiffness integrates the effect of different geometrical parameters, the most important being the bead embedding angle 2gamma, bead radius R, and cell height h. In this paper, a three-dimensional finite element analysis was used to compute the cell mechanical response to applied force in tweezer experiments and to explicit the correcting functions which have to be used in order to infer the intrinsic cell Young's modulus from the apparent elasticity modulus. Our analysis, performed for an extensive set of values of gamma, h, and R, shows that the most relevant parameters for computing the correcting functions are the embedding half angle gamma and the ratio h(u)/2R, where h(u) is the under bead cell thickness. This paper provides original analytical expressions of these correcting functions as well as the critical values of the cell thickness below which corrections of the apparent modulus are necessary to get an accurate value of cell Young's modulus. Moreover, considering these results and taking benefit of previous results obtained on the estimation of cell Young's modulus of adherent cells probed by magnetic twisting cytometry (MTC) (Ohayon, J., and Tracqui, P., 2005, Ann. Biomed. Eng., 33, pp. 131-141), we were able to clarify and to solve the still unexplained discrepancies reported between estimations of elasticity modulus performed on the same cell type and probed with MTC and optical tweezers (OT). More generally, this study may strengthen the applicability of optical and magnetic tweezers techniques by insuring a more precise estimation of the intrinsic cell Young's modulus (CYM).
Procedural Cartel Theory (2005)

The job of speaker is not to expedite legislation that runs counter to the wishes of the majority of his majority.– Speaker Dennis Hastert (R-IL)
Intracellular pH-Triggered, Targeted Drug Delivery to Cancer Cells by Multifunctional Envelope-Type Mesoporous Silica Nanocontainers (2015)

In this work, a novel type of pH-sensitive multifunctional envelope-type mesoporous silica nanocontainers (SBDAPF) was constructed for targeted drug delivery to cancer cells. Poly(N-succinimidyl acrylate) was coated on the mesoporous silica nanoparticles surface via an acid-labile acetal linker to obtain the SBA particles for pH-triggered drug release. A model drug doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded SBA system (SBDA) showed low premature drug release at neutral pH and effective stimuli-responsive release under the acidic conditions. To provide the colloidal stability and avoid nonspecific uptake of normal or healthy cells, the SBDA nanocontainers were modified with a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) polymer to form a protection layer. Furthermore, folic acid was introduced as a targeting component and anchored on the PEG outer layer to achieve the cancer-targeting ability. In vitro study demonstrated that SBDAPF could selectively adhere to the surface of cancer cells through the specific binding with folate receptor and be internalized into cells, subsequently releasing the entrapped DOX with high efficiency in slightly acidic intracellular microenvironment to finally kill cancer cells. Such a versatile drug delivery system as SBDAPF should have a potential application in cancer therapy.
Tandem Enyne Metathesis−Metallotropic [1,3]-Shift for a Concise Total Syntheses of (+)-Asperpentyn, (−)-Harveynone, and (−)-Tricholomenyn A (2008)

A tandem reaction sequence involving relay metathesis-induced enyne RCM and metallotropic [1,3]-shift is an effective tool to construct cyclic alkenes with embedded 1,5-dien-3-yne moieties from acyclic precursors containing a 1,3-diyne. Total syntheses of (+)-asperpentyn, (-)-harveynone, and (-)-tricholomenyn A have been accomplished by implementing this metathesis-based tandem reaction sequence as the key step.
Neurological Channelopathies (2010)

Inherited ion channel mutations can affect the entire nervous system. Many cause paroxysmal disturbances of brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerve or skeletal muscle function, with normal neurological development and function in between attacks. To fully understand how mutations of ion channel genes cause disease, we need to know the normal location and function of the channel subunit, consequences of the mutation for biogenesis and biophysical properties, and possible compensatory changes in other channels that contribute to cell or circuit excitability. Animal models of monogenic channelopathies increasingly help our understanding. An important challenge for the future is to determine how more subtle derangements of ion channel function, which arise from the interaction of genetic and environmental influences, contribute to common paroxysmal disorders, including idiopathic epilepsy and migraine, that share features with rare monogenic channelopathies.
Applications of Pairings in GRID Security (2006)

In this paper, we describe applications of pairing based cryptosystems in GRID computing. In particular, we focus on various signature schemes and describe how efficient authentication mechanisms can be constructed using pairings. The methods described here were originally designed for group environments and therefore we feel that grid infrastructures can greatly benefit from these mechanisms
Effects of biobanking conditions on six antibiotic substances in human serum assessed by a novel evaluation protocol (2015)

We recommend a storage temperature of -80 °C for β-lactam antibiotics. The applied evaluation protocol yielded conclusive results and may be generally useful for stability studies.
New insight into Fermi-level unpinning on GaAs: Impact of different surface orientations (2009)

We have systematically studied NMOSFETs, MOSCAPs, and the interfacial chemistry on GaAs (100), (110), (111)A and (111)B-four different crystalline surfaces with direct ALD Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> . We found that a much higher drain current on GaAs(111)A NMOSFET can be achieved compared to that obtained on the other 3 surfaces. Also, the results of MOS-CAPs and the interfacial chemistry obtained on the (111)A surface are very different from those others. These experimental results conclusively demonstrate that Fermi-level on the GaAs (111)A surface is indeed unpinned and Fermi-level pinning is not an intrinsic property of GaAs, but is orientation dependent thus related to surface chemistry.
A Tale of Two Sites: On Defining the Carrier Concentration in Garnet‐Based Ionic Conductors for Advanced Li Batteries (2015)

Solid electrolytes based on the garnet crystal structure have recently been identified as a promising material to enable advance Li battery cell chemistries because of the unprecedented combination of high ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability against metallic Li. To better understand the mechanisms that give rise to high conductivity, the goal of this work is to correlate Li site occupancy with Li‐ion transport. Toward this goal, the Li site occupancy is studied in cubic garnet as a function of Li concentration over the compositions range: Li 7− x La 3 Zr 2− x Ta x O 12 ( x = 0.5, 0.75, and 1.5). The distribution of Li between the two interstitial sites (24d and 96h) is determined using neutron and synchrotron diffraction. The bulk conductivity is measured on >97% relative density polycrystalline specimens to correlate Li‐ion transport as a function of Li site occupancy. It is determined that the conductivity changes nonlinearly with the occupancy of the octahedral (96h) Li site. It is shown that the effective carrier concentration is dependent on the Li site occupancy and suggests that this is a consequence of significant carrier–carrier coulombic interactions. Furthermore, the observation of maximum conductivity near Li = 6.5 mol is explained.
Effect of Structure of Carbon-Supported PtRu Electrocatalysts on the Electrochemical Oxidation of Methanol (2000)

Carbon‐supported binary PtRu electrocatalysts were prepared by coimpregnation using ethanolic solutions of as the Pt source, various Ru sources [, , and ], and carbon black by thermal decomposition under reducing conditions, and their structure, morphology, and electrocatalytic properties were investigated. X‐ray diffraction analysis and high resolution scanning electron microscopy indicated that the use of Cl‐free Ru sources, i.e., or afforded highly dispersed and uniform PtRu nanoparticles. Surface area measurements conducted by electro‐oxidation of preadsorbed carbon monoxide indicated that the use of as the Ru source yielded high surface area catalysts. In terms of the surface‐area specific current density (current density normalized by the specific surface area of PtRu metal obtained from preadsorbed CO electro‐oxidation measurements), the electrocatalytic activity of and were equal. PtRu/C electrocatalysts prepared from ethanolic solutions of resulted in high mass‐specific activity toward methanol oxidation, with mass‐specific current density as high as at 500 mV. The efficiency of PtRu/C electrodes is discussed based on the significance of the use of Cl‐free Ru sources. © 2000 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Pattern reconfigurable antenna based on moving V-shaped parasitic elements actuated by dielectric elastomer (2010)

A pattern reconfigurable antenna is reported comprising a monopole with a pair of V-shaped parasitic elements (VPE), the motion of which is controlled by a planar dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA). A computer model based on the finite-element method is used to simulate the electromechanical performance of the actuator. A prototype is used to validate the performed simulations and identify the relationship between VPE displacements and the voltage applied to the actuator. It is shown that the DEA can be used to change the antenna pattern by changing the orientation of the VPEs while maintaining reasonable impedance matching. The pattern variations are demonstrated through cuts from standard electromagnetic simulation.
Large interindividual variations in metabolism of benzo(α)pyrene by peripheral lung tissue from lung cancer patients (1979)

A very large variation (44-fold) was observed in the ability of short-term organ cultures of peripheral lung tissue from lung-cancer patients to metabolize the environmental carcinogen benzo(alpha)pyrene to organic solvent-soluble metabolites. The amounts of benzo(alpha)pyrene (2 microM) metabolized ranged from little (1%) to almost total (96.2%) metabolism within 24 h of culture. Previous work by Kellerman et al. (1973) has suggested a relationship between susceptibility to lung cancer and the indicibility of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in cultured human lymphocytes. The metabolic fate of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the respiratory tract in vivo is undoubtedly more closely mimicked by short-term organ culture of human lung than by cultured lymphocytes. Thus the very wide interindividual variation observed in pulmonary metabolism of benzo(alpha)pyrene in this study and the large variations in covalent binding to human bronchial DNA observed by Harris et al. (1976) strongly suggest that there may be little basis for screening humans for variations in lymphocyte aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity as a means of assessing their susceptibility to lung cancer.
Minimum volume ellipsoid (2009)

Abstract The minimum volume ellipsoid (MVE) estimator is based on the smallest volume ellipsoid that covers h of the n observations. It is an affine equivariant, high‐breakdown robust estimator of multivariate location and scatter. The MVE can be computed by a resampling algorithm. Its low bias makes the MVE very useful for outlier detection in multivariate data, often through the use of MVE‐based robust distances. We review the basic MVE definition as well as some useful extensions such as the one‐step reweighted MVE. We discuss the main properties of the MVE including its breakdown value, affine equivariance, and efficiency. We discuss the basic resampling algorithm to calculate the MVE and illustrate its use on two examples. An overview of applications is given, as well as some related classes of robust estimators of multivariate location and scatter. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. This article is categorized under: Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Robust Methods
Design, Fabrication, and Testing of a Needle-Sized Wrist for Surgical Instruments (2016)

This paper presents a miniature wrist that can be integrated into needle-sized surgical instruments. The wrist consists of a nitinol tube with asymmetric cutouts that is actuated by a single tendon to provide high distal curvature. We derive and experimentally validate kinematic and static models for the wrist and describe several prototype wrists, illustrating the straightforward fabrication and scalability of the design. We experimentally investigate fatigue life, the concept of tip-first bending, and practical use of the wrist with a concentric tube robot in an endonasal surgical scenario.
Design Of A CMOS VCO And Frequency Divider For 5 GHz Applications (2007)

This thesis presents the design of a new CMOS Voltage Controlled Oscillator and a frequency divider, both of which form important blocks in the design of a PLL synthesizer. These components are important because they operate at the highest frequencies within the PLL and also consume most of the power as compared to the other components. Both these circuits have been an active topic of research in recent years especially with the scaling of technology bringing hopes of complete system-on-chip (SOC) integration at RF frequencies. The circuits in this thesis are designed for 5 GHz applications, mainly for the IEEE Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) 802.11a standard which spans the frequency range from 5.14 GHz to 5.72 GHz.\n\nThe first part of the thesis is an introduction to receiver architectures, VCO's and frequency dividers in general. The second part deals with the design, analysis and simulation results of a novel VCO presented in this work. The VCO achieves a tuning range of 130 MHz around a center frequency of 5.70 GHz and a low phase noise of -114 dBc/Hz at an offset of 1 MHz.\n\nThe third part presents the design approach adopted here to designing a high frequency divider using dynamic logic and its simulation results. The logic used here is True Single Phase Clocking (TSPC), which makes use of a single clock thereby avoiding the problems of clock skew and loading. Two main blocks have been presented, the divide-by-2 and divide-by-2/3. These blocks are then cascaded to achieve higher division ratios.
Magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage glycosaminoglycan: Basic principles, imaging technique, and clinical applications (2007)

Many new therapeutic strategies have been and are being developed to prevent, correct, or slow the progression of osteoarthritis. Our ability to evaluate the efficacy of these techniques, or to determine the situations for which they might provide the most benefit, critically depends on diagnostic measures that can serve as proxies for the present or predicted state of the cartilage. We focus here on a body of work surrounding the development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques to noninvasively image the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) concentration of articular cartilage. These techniques are based on the concept of fixed charge in cartilage resulting from the glycosaminoglycans. Starting with sodium MRI, and the subsequent development of delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) based on proton MRI, these techniques permit "visualization" of the charged GAG distribution in cartilage in vitro or in vivo. The dGEMRIC technique has been used in preliminary clinical studies to understand treatment strategies and to monitor disease, and as such is allowing studies that a decade ago would have been impossible. This new technical capability offers the promises of speeding development of effective therapies and focusing their use in areas where they can be most successful.
Context-aware legal citation recommendation using deep learning (2021)

Lawyers and judges spend a large amount of time researching the proper legal authority to cite while drafting decisions. In this paper, we develop a citation recommendation tool that can help improve efficiency in the process of opinion drafting. We train four types of machine learning models, including a citation-list based method (collaborative filtering) and three context-based methods (text similarity, BiLSTM and RoBERTa classifiers). Our experiments show that leveraging local textual context improves recommendation, and that deep neural models achieve decent performance. We show that non-deep text-based methods benefit from access to structured case metadata, but deep models only benefit from such access when predicting from context of insufficient length. We also find that, even after extensive training, RoBERTa does not outperform a recurrent neural model, despite its benefits of pretraining. Our behavior analysis of the RoBERTa model further shows that predictive performance is stable across time and citation classes.
Curvisensors for inside and outside robot arms (2002)

When long robot arms are considered, or when improvements to their poor payload-to-weight ratio are sought, there is a need to take arrays of measurements of deflections or strains within solid members. Methods have been proposed which use interferometry with embedded optical fibres, but these are costly and have not met with successful implementation. Resistive strain gauges, on the other hand, are not particularly suited for applications on/in composite materials which one may want to consider in this case. A new fibre optic sensor is proposed with the fibre transmissivity sensitive to deflection. This transmissivity can be read using a linear optical array which gives ease of interfacing to a computer; the total system is inexpensive. The sensor gives preferential sensitivity about a chosen axis, so that vector measurements can be made with an array of such sensors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>