gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reduction of Breakdown Pressure by Filter Cake Removal Using Thermochemical Fluids and Solvents: Experimental and Numerical Studies (2021)

The process of well cleanup involves the removal of an impermeable layer of filter cake from the face of the formation. The inefficient removal of the filter cake imposes difficulty on fracturing operations. Filter cake's impermeable features increase the required pressure to fracture the formation. In this study, a novel method is introduced to reduce the required breakdown pressure to fracture the formation containing the water-based drilling fluid filter cake. The breakdown pressure was tested for five samples of similar properties using different solutions. A simulated borehole was drilled in the core samples. An impermeable filter cake using barite-weighted drilling fluid was built on the face of the drilled hole of each sample. The breakdown pressure for the virgin sample without damage (filter cake) was 6.9 MPa. The breakdown pressure increased to 26.7 MPa after the formation of an impermeable filter cake. Partial removal of filter cake by chelating agent reduced the breakdown pressure to 17.9 MPa. Complete dissolution of the filter cake with chelating agents resulted in the breakdown pressure approximately equivalent to the virgin rock breakdown pressure, i.e., 6.8 MPa. The combined thermochemical and chelating agent solution removed the filter cake and reduced the breakdown pressure to 3.8 MPa. Post-treatment analysis was carried out using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and scratch test. NMR showed the pore size redistributions with good communication between different pores after the thermochemical removal of filter cake. At the same time, there was no communication between the different pores due to permeability impairment after filter cake formation. The diffusion coupling through NMR scans confirmed the higher interconnectivity between different pores systems after the combined thermochemical and chelating agent treatment. Compressive strength was measured from the scratch test, confirming that filter cake formation caused added strength to the rock that impacts the rock breakdown pressure. The average compressive strength of the original specimen was 44.5 MPa that increased to 73.5 MPa after the formation of filter cake. When the filter cake was partially removed, the strength was reduced to 61.7 MPa. Complete removal with chelating agents removed the extra strength that was added due to the filter cake presence. Thermochemical and chelating agents resulted in a significantly lower compressive strength of 25.3 MPa. A numerical model was created to observe the reduction in breakdown pressure due to the thermochemical treatment of the filter cake. The result presented in this study showed the engineering applications of thermochemical treatment for filter cake removal.
An Overview of Efficient Vibroseis Acquisition Methods (2008)

Many methods have been developed in the past 30 years to speed up Vibroseis acquisition. I give an overview of the most promising ones and propose classification of them into three categories: simultaneous shooting, cascaded sweeps, and slip sweep. The main features of these methods are summarized and some criteria for the selection of the most suitable ones are introduced.
Efficacy of a reduced lead set for pre-hospital triage of thrombolytic strategies (2005)

In emergency care situations, recording all leads of the 12-lead ECG is often not possible due io technical and organizational restrictions. The recording of a subset of leads and subsequent synthesis of rhe absent leads might be a solution to these problems. The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a reduced lead set, consisting of leads I, 11, V2, and V5. The lead subset was derived from a data set of 12-lead ECGs recorded from parients with a suspected acute myocardial infarction prior to hospitalization. Performance was evaluated by comparing the originally recorded leads and reconstructed leads using correlation coeflcients and STdigerences. Several clinically important decision rules for detection and pre-hospital treatment were evaluated on the original and reconstructed 12-lead ECGs and accuracy was determined. This study shows that high agreement, correlation coeflcients and small STdifferences can be obtained between the original and reconstructed leads.
Synthesis and Immunological Screening of β‐Linked Mono‐ and Divalent Mannosides (2012)

Abstract Three different β‐linked divalent mannosides, along with their corresponding monovalent counterparts, have been designed and chemically synthesized by coupling the corresponding propargyl (propargyl alcohol in the case of the monovalent compounds) and 2‐azidoethyl glycosides by using an efficient click chemistry protocol. Crich's β‐mannosylation methodology was applied to the construction of the β‐mannosidic linkages. All the glycosylation reactions gave moderate‐to‐good yields with high selectivities. A competitive inhibition enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to determine the inhibition, by the synthesized mannosides, of specific human IgG binding to low‐molecular‐weight Candida albicans mannan; moderate inhibition capacity was observed for some of the compounds.
Automatic error diagnosis and correction for RTL designs (2007)

Recent improvements in design verification strive to automate the error-detection process and greatly enhance engineers’ ability to detect functional errors. However, the process of diagnosing the cause of these errors and fixing them remains difficult and requires significant ad-hoc manual effort. Our work proposes improvements to this aspect of verification by presenting novel constructs and algorithms to automate the error-repair process at the Register- Transfer Level (RTL), where most development occurs. Our contri- butions include a new RTL error model and scalable error-repair algorithms. Empirical results show that our solution can diagnose and correct errors in just a handful of minutes even for complex de- signs of up to several thousand lines of RTL code in minutes. This demonstrates the superior scalability and efficiency of our approach compared to previous work.
Opioid Receptor Ligands (2010)

Abstract Opioid agonists, exemplified by morphine, have been the most prescribed class of drugs for the management of moderate to severe pain for many years. These drugs have significant liabilities of addiction and constipation over long‐term use and acute overdoses can result in respiratory depression. For over thousands of years, opium and opium‐derived drugs have nonetheless been utilized for their therapeutic and recreational benefits. Due to their liabilities, medicinal chemists and clinicians have worked for years to discover novel agents or treatment courses that would be devoid of these side effects. Still to this day, there are no agents that meet these criteria. Therefore, efforts continue vigorously in the quest for drugs with potent analgesic effects without abuse or side‐effect potential. Many chemical classes have been sought after in this quest and the range from peptides to synthetic compounds to natural products. Morphine offered a template that was rigid and able to provide an enormous amount of structure–function relationships that many of the market analgesics are based on. To complicate matters, the endogenous opioid system is comprised of four distinct receptor subtypes. These receptors are all members of the G‐protein superfamily and are designated as mu (μ, MOP), delta (δ, DOP), kappa (κ, KOP), and nociception (ORL1, NOP). It has been realized over the years that a combination of activities at these receptors may result in agents that could be devoid of liabilities. Intensive efforts have been directed at improved probes for each receptor subtype and combinations of agonists and antagonists for combinations of these receptors. This review will discuss the structure–activity relationships, as they are currently understood, with regard to each of the major classes of compounds that interact with these protein targets.
Grazing incidence spectrograph–monochromator with a focusing toroidal mirror (1979)

The use of a toroidal mirror in front of a spherical grating spectrograph working at grazing incidence provides a system that is stigmatic in one dimension in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) region and allows spectroscopy with space resolution. The system is optimized for spectral and spatial resolution and for efficiency. By using three toroidal mirrors mounted on a suitable turret and a new model of grazing incidence spectrometer, the system is capable of covering the whole XUV region. All the necessary movements are internal to the system and do not involve the source. Two examples are treated, one for a diagnostic study of laser-produced pellets and another for observation of large plasma machines.
Peptide pheromone induced cell death of<i>Streptococcus mutans</i> (2005)

Streptococcus mutans is considered one of the main causative agents of human dental caries. Cell-cell communication through two-component signal transduction systems (TCSTS) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of S. mutans. One of the S. mutans TCSTS, ComDE, controls both competence development and biofilm formation. In this study, we showed that addition of exogenous competence-stimulating peptide (CSP) beyond the levels necessary for competence inhibited the growth of S. mutans in a ComDE-dependent manner. We also demonstrated that further increases of CSP stopped S. mutans cell division leading to cell death. Use of CSP as a possible therapeutic agent is discussed.
Optimization of sensitivity and separation in capillary zone electrophoresis with indirect fluorescence detection (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOptimization of sensitivity and separation in capillary zone electrophoresis with indirect fluorescence detectionWerner G. Kuhr and Edward S. YeungCite this: Anal. Chem. 1988, 60, 23, 2642–2646Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00174a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00174a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views401Altmetric-Citations161LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>High-power polymer optical fiber lasers and amplifiers</title> (1999)

We demonstrated efficient and photostable laser action in graded index polymer fiber lasers doped with organic dyes such as Rhodamines, Perylenes and Pyrromethenes. Slope efficiency of 47 percent and output of 2.6 mJ have been obtained with a Rhodamine 6G-doped fiber laser. Moreover, we encapsulated rare earth ions to incorporate them into polymer matrices and studied spectroscopic properties of europium chelates in polymer hosts. Superfluorescent polymer fiber sources based on Eu chelate-doped polymer optical fiber was demonstrated.
Cellular Signaling and Anti-Apoptotic Effects of Prolactin-Releasing Peptide and Its Analog on SH-SY5Y Cells (2020)

Prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP), a natural ligand for the GPR10 receptor, is a neuropeptide with anorexigenic and antidiabetic properties. Due to its role in the regulation of food intake, PrRP is a potential drug for obesity treatment and associated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Recently, the neuroprotective effects of lipidized PrRP analogs have been proven. In this study, we focused on the molecular mechanisms of action of natural PrRP31 and its lipidized analog palm11-PrRP31 in the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y to describe their cellular signaling and possible anti-apoptotic properties. PrRP31 significantly upregulated the phosphoinositide-3 kinase-protein kinase B/Akt (PI3K-PKB/Akt) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase/cAMP response element-binding protein (ERK-CREB) signaling pathways that promote metabolic cell survival and growth. In addition, we proved via protein kinase inhibitors that activation of signaling pathways is mediated specifically by PrRP31 and its palmitoylated analog. Furthermore, the potential neuroprotective properties were studied through activation of anti-apoptotic pathways of PrRP31 and palm11-PrRP31 using the SH-SY5Y cell line and rat primary neuronal culture stressed with toxic methylglyoxal (MG). The results indicate increased viability of the cells treated with PrRP and palm11-PrRP31 and a reduced degree of apoptosis induced by MG, suggesting their potential use in the treatment of neurological disorders.
Neonatal Administration of Rhesus Rotavirus Tetravalent Vaccine (2006)

Infants who received the first dose of RRV-TV vaccine during the neonatal period did not develop a febrile reaction. The immune response in a 3-dose schedule initiated in the neonatal period is somewhat dampened but still acceptable. Neonatal immunization might also reduce the very small risk of intussusception, which has been associated with administration of RRV-TV vaccine to older infants.
Solid Phase Conjugation Chemistry: Use of Alloc as a Protecting Group for 2′-Aminolinker Containing Oligonucleotides (1997)

Abstract The drug properties of antisense and antigene oligonucleotides can he enhanced by strategic positioning of ligands capable of ameliorating these properties.1,2 Certain ligands may improve the cellular delivery of oligomers and increase their affinity for the target gene and resistance to nucleases. The 2′-O-position is an attractive modification site.3 Oligonucleotides possessing the 2′-O-akyl modifications exhibit higher chemical stability under depurination conditions, higher stability to enzymatic cleavage by both endo- and exonucleases, and increased affinity for target mRNA. In addition, they form highly stable triple helices. Thus they promise to be versatile compounds in controlling gene expression by antisense and antigene technologies.
Speech Intelligibility Of Ideal Binary Masked Mixtures (2010)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Aalborg, Denmark, 2010
<title>Combining digital watermarks and collusion-secure fingerprints for digital images</title> (1999)

Digital watermarking is the enabling technology to prove ownership on copyrighted material, detect originators of illegally made copies, monitor the usage of the copyrighted multimedia data and analyze the spread spectrum of the data over networks and servers. Embedding of unique customer identification as a watermark into data is called fingerprinting to identify illegal copies of documents. Basically, watermarks embedded into multimedia data for enforcing copyrights must uniquely identify the data and must be difficult to remove, even after various media transformation processes. Digital fingerprinting raises the additional problem that we produce different copies for each customer. Attackers can compare several fingerprinted copies to find and destroy the embedded identification string by altering the data in those places where a difference was detected. In our paper we present a technology for combining a collusion-secure fingerprinting scheme based on finite geometries and a watermarking mechanism with special marking points for digital images. The only marking positions the pirates can not detect are those positions which contain the same letter in all the compared documents, called intersection of different fingerprints. The proposed technology for a maximal number d of pirates, puts enough information in the intersection of up to d fingerprints to uniquely identify all the pirates.
Potent human p140-TrkA agonists derived from an anti-receptor monoclonal antibody. (1996)

Monoclonal antibody (mAb) 5C3 directed against human p140 TrkA is a structural and functional mimic of nerve growth factor (NGF) and an artificial receptor agonist. mAb 5C3 binds in the NGF-docking site and, like NGF, it promotes TrkA internalization, TrkA and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase tyrosine phosphorylation, and increased transformation of TrkA-expressing fibroblasts. More important, mAb 5C3 protects human TrkA-expressing cells from apoptotic death in serum-free media. Interestingly, agonistic activity is observed with monomeric F(ab) 5C3 fragments. mAb 5C3 (Kd approximately 2 nM) was used to study features of ligand binding by TrkA and the distribution of TrkA protein in normal human brain.
Absolute Surface Displacement Measurement using Pulsed Photo-Electromotive-Force Laser Vibrometer (2007)

We demonstrate experimentally a new technique for measuring unambiguously the surface displacement of a vibrating surface using a high sensitivity pulsed laser vibrometer based on the photo-electromotive-force (photo-EMF) sensors. By intentionally introducing a reference vibration with known frequency and amplitude, we show that the photo-EMF pulsed laser vibrometer is able to determine the absolute value of surface displacement independent of the test subject's surface quality and the amount of laser power density impinging on the sensor.
Generation of Corneal Epithelial Cells from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Derived from Human Dermal Fibroblast and Corneal Limbal Epithelium (2012)

Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can be established from somatic cells. However, there is currently no established strategy to generate corneal epithelial cells from iPS cells. In this study, we investigated whether corneal epithelial cells could be differentiated from iPS cells. We tested 2 distinct sources: human adult dermal fibroblast (HDF)-derived iPS cells (253G1) and human adult corneal limbal epithelial cells (HLEC)-derived iPS cells (L1B41). We first established iPS cells from HLEC by introducing the Yamanaka 4 factors. Corneal epithelial cells were successfully induced from the iPS cells by the stromal cell-derived inducing activity (SDIA) differentiation method, as Pax6(+)/K12(+) corneal epithelial colonies were observed after prolonged differentiation culture (12 weeks or later) in both the L1B41 and 253G1 iPS cells following retinal pigment epithelial and lens cell induction. Interestingly, the corneal epithelial differentiation efficiency was higher in L1B41 than in 253G1. DNA methylation analysis revealed that a small proportion of differentially methylated regions still existed between L1B41 and 253G1 iPS cells even though no significant difference in methylation status was detected in the specific corneal epithelium-related genes such as K12, K3, and Pax6. The present study is the first to demonstrate a strategy for corneal epithelial cell differentiation from human iPS cells, and further suggests that the epigenomic status is associated with the propensity of iPS cells to differentiate into corneal epithelial cells.
Controlling macrovoid formation in wet-spun polyaniline fibers (2001)

The mesoscopic morphology of wet-spun polyaniline fibers determines their mechanical strength. Macrovoid formation in the coagulation bath is responsible for poor mechanical properties of these fibers. The effects of polymer concentration, coagulation bath temperature, polymer molecular weight and coagulant on the morphology of wet-spun polyaniline fibers have been investigated. The fibers were spun from concentrated solutions of low/medium and medium molecular weight emeraldine base dissolved in N-methyl-2- pyrrolidinone containing heptamethyleneimine as a gel inhibitor. The impact of the fiber morphology on the mechanical properties of the fibers prepared under different conditions is studied. A wet-spinning method, which minimizes macrovoid formation in the polyaniline fiber, is reported, and consequently the strength of the unstretched polyaniline fibers increased dramatically.
Telescopic hot double wall carbon nanotube for nanolithography (2010)

A custom double wall carbon nanotube for thermal surface modification is proposed. By studying the heat transfer characteristics in the system, it is demonstrated that such a device is capable of producing high resolution patterns on a sample surface. A constant distance between the double wall carbon nanotube tip and the sample surface is maintained due to the van der Waals interactions without the need of an active feedback mechanism.
Single View Camera Calibration for Augmented Virtual Environments (2007)

Augmented virtual environments (AVE) are very effective in the application of surveillance, in which multiple video streams are projected onto a 3D urban model for better visualization and comprehension of the dynamic scenes. One of the key issues in creating such systems is to estimate the parameters of each camera including the intrinsic parameters and its pose relative to the 3D model. Existing camera pose estimation approaches require known intrinsic parameters and at least three 2D to 3D feature (point or line) correspondences. This cannot always be satisfied in an AVE system. Moreover, due to noise, the estimated camera location may be far from the expectation of the users when the number of correspondences is small. Our approach combines the users' prior knowledge about the camera location and the constraints from the parallel relationship between lines with those from feature correspondences. With at least two feature correspondences, it can always output an estimation of the camera parameters that gives an accurate alignment between the projection of the image (or video) and the 3D model
Loss of the NF2 Gene and Merlin Occur by the Tumorlet Stage of Schwannoma Development in Neurofibromatosis 2 (1998)

Loss of the neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) gene-encoded protein merlin is a universal finding in sporadic and NF2-associated schwannomas. Certain NF2 patients may develop numerous minute Schwann cell tumorlets of the spinal nerve roots in addition to larger, frank schwannomas and thereby provide an opportunity to investigate the timing of NF2 gene/merlin loss in Schwann cell tumorigenesis. We studied an NF2 patient with a germline NF2 gene frameshift mutation who had many Schwann cell tumorlets and schwannomas. Loss of heterozygosity studies of DNA from microdissected specimens showed allelic loss of the NF2 region of chromosome 22q in tumorlets as well as schwannomas. Immunohistochemistry further demonstrated loss of merlin expression in tumorlets as well as schwannomas, with intact expression in adjacent nerve. Thus, loss of both NF2 alleles and merlin occur early in Schwann cell tumorigenesis, before the tumorlet stage. The study of tumorlets and schwannomas in such patients may also provide an opportunity to elucidate mechanisms responsible for the subsequent growth of Schwann cell lesions into symptomatic tumors.