gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electron-rich heteroaromatic conjugated bipyridine based ruthenium sensitizer for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells (2008)

A novel heteroleptic ruthenium complex carrying a heteroaromatic-4,4'-pi-conjugated 2,2'-bipyridine [Ru(II)LL'(NCS)(2)] (L = 4,4'-bis[(E)-2-(3,4-ethylenedioxythien-2-yl)vinyl]-2,2'-bipyridine, L' = 4,4'-(dicarboxylic acid)-2,2'-bipyridine) was synthesized and used in dye-sensitized solar cells, yielding photovoltaic efficiencies of 9.1% under standard global AM 1.5 sunlight.
A Quasi-Direct Methanol Fuel Cell System Based on Blend Polymer Membrane Electrolytes (2002)

On the basis of blend polymer electrolytes of polybenzimidazole and sulfonated polysulfone, a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell was developed with an operational temperature up to 200C. Due to the high operational temperature, the fuel cell can tolerate 1.0-3.0 vol % CO in the fuel, compared to less than 100 ppm CO for the Nafion-based technology at 80C. The high CO tolerance makes it possible to use the reformed hydrogen directly from a simple methanol reformer without further CO removal. That both the fuel cell and the methanol reformer operate at temperatures around 200C opens the possibility for an integrated system. The resulting system is expected to exhibit high power density and simple construction as well as efficient capital and operational cost.
Surfactant-Templated Synthesis and Catalytic Properties of Patterned Nanoporous Titania Supports Loaded with Platinum Nanoparticles (2008)

Hexagonally patterned porous titania is synthesized from a titanium isopropoxide precursor using a viscous surfactant template separating nanoscopic bicontinuous channels of water and isooctane. Subsequent salt reduction in the aqueous nanochannels decorates the pore surfaces with well-separated platinum (Pt) nanoparticles. Because of the decreased mass transfer resistance provided by the patterned and interconnected macropores that persist throughout the support, these nanocomposites exhibit a significantly higher carbon monoxide oxidation efficiency than that obtained with a commercial support that has a fourfold larger specific surface area. This simple templated synthesis strategy for creating highly organized composites has wide applications beyond the one reported here, including photocatalysis, photonic crystals, sensors, and solar cell assemblies.
Proprotein convertase subtilisin / kexin 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors and the future of dyslipidemia therapy: an updated patent review (2011-2015) (2016)

The identification by Abifadel et al. in 2003 of the first mutations of PCSK9 was the major breakthrough in the cholesterol field that led to a new therapeutic target. This discovery paved the way to new lipid lowering drugs reducing LDL-cholesterol levels through the inhibition of PCSK9. Two anti-PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies have received FDA and EMA approvals: Alirocumab and Evolocumab. Areas covered: This article reviews the different strategies that are pursued to modulate the functional activity of PCSK9 for lowering LDL-cholesterol levels. It also provides a brief overview of the patents related to PCSK9 from 2011 until the end of 2015. This review is addressed to researchers from academia and pharmaceutical companies who are engaged in PCSK9 research/cholesterol regulation. Readers will gain an up-to-date overview of the different strategies that have been investigated to reduce PCSK9, focusing on anti-PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies and the related clinical trials. Expert opinion: Anti-PCSK9 antibodies are a new class of lipid lowering drugs with promising results in reducing LDL-cholesterol. Long-term ongoing studies investigating on a large scale the efficacy and safety of the anti-PCSK9 antibodies and their cardiovascular outcomes are eagerly awaited.
An instrument for performing laser capture microdissection of single cells (1999)

We have developed a new form of laser capture microdissection (LCM) optimized for isolating and concentrating single cells from a tissue slide for subsequent molecular analysis. In LCM an infrared laser diode is used together with a microscope to locally melt a thin film of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) placed in contact or close proximity to microscopically targeted cells. Since the desired cells adhere to the film where it has been melted, they are extracted from their adjacent tissue in the specimen when the film is separated from the slide. In our system the EVA is bonded to a cylindrical substrate resulting in a very small area of contact between the EVA and the slide which minimizes contamination to levels consistent with analyzing a few cells of a selected cell type. By collecting cells at different portions about the cylinder periphery, the novel geometry also allows the concentration of cells from different slides onto a single substrate, enabling very sensitive molecular analysis to be performed on collections of rare cells. A computer controlled mechanism gently lowers the cylinder to either contact the slide with a small preload force, or provide a minute gap between the cylinder and the tissue. In the latter noncontact mode, the possibility of stray contamination is further reduced since EVA/tissue contact is only made at the location of the laser beam at a minute spot. The mechanism also can rotate the cylinder to provide fresh EVA capture surface after it has raised the cylinder off the slide. A method of fabricating the required precision cylinders of EVA capture surface is described which uses a precision mold cavity and a reusable substrate made of polycarbonate and stainless steel. Results are presented for the preload and noncontact modes which demonstrate the capabilities of the system to capture and concentrate targeted single cells from a complex tissue.
A Jacobi Diagonalization and Anderson Acceleration Algorithm For\n Variational Quantum Algorithm Parameter Optimization (2019)

The optimization of circuit parameters of variational quantum algorithms such\nas the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) or the quantum approximate\noptimization algorithm (QAOA) is a key challenge for the practical deployment\nof near-term quantum computing algorithms. Here, we develop a hybrid\nquantum/classical optimization procedure inspired by the Jacobi diagonalization\nalgorithm for classical eigendecomposition, and combined with Anderson\nacceleration. In the first stage, analytical tomography fittings are performed\nfor a local cluster of circuit parameters via sampling of the observable\nobjective function at quadrature points in the circuit angles. Classical\noptimization is used to determine the optimal circuit parameters within the\ncluster, with the other circuit parameters frozen. Different clusters of\ncircuit parameters are then optimized in "sweeps,'' leading to a\nmonotonically-convergent fixed-point procedure. In the second stage, the\niterative history of the fixed-point Jacobi procedure is used to accelerate the\nconvergence by applying Anderson acceleration/Pulay's direct inversion of the\niterative subspace (DIIS). This Jacobi+Anderson method is numerically tested\nusing a quantum circuit simulator (without noise) for a representative test\ncase from the multistate, contracted variant of the variational quantum\neigensolver (MC-VQE), and is found to be competitive with and often faster than\nPowell's method and L-BFGS.\n
Giant nonlinear response of polaritonic metasurfaces coupled to intersubband transition (2015)

We report highly-nonlinear metasurfaces based on combining electromagnetically-engineered plasmonic nanoresonators with quantum-engineered intersubband nonlinearities. Experimentally, effective nonlinear susceptibility over 480 nm/V was measured for second-harmonic generation at normal incidence.
A camera model for cameras with hypercentric lenses and some example applications (2019)

We propose a camera model for cameras with hypercentric lenses. Because of their geometry, hypercentric lenses allow to image the top and the sides of an object simultaneously. This makes them useful for certain inspections tasks, for which otherwise multiple images would have to be acquired and stitched together. After describing the projection geometry of hypercentric lenses, we derive a camera model for hypercentric lenses that is intuitive for the user. Furthermore, we describe how to determine the parameter values of the model by calibrating the camera with a planar calibration object. We also apply our camera model to two example applications: in the first application, we show how two cameras with hypercentric lenses can be used for dense 3D reconstruction. For an efficient reconstruction, the images are rectified such that corresponding points occur in the same image row. Standard rectification methods would result in perspective distortions in the images that would prevent stereo matching algorithms from robustly establishing correspondences. Therefore, we propose a new rectification method for objects that are approximately cylindrical in shape, which enables a robust and efficient reconstruction. In the second application, we show how to unwrap cylindrical objects to simplify further inspection tasks. For the unwrapping, the pose of the cylinder must be known. We show how to determine the pose of the cylinder based on a single camera image and based on two images of a stereo camera setup.
One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal Waveguide (2005)

Electromagnetic wave propagation in one-dimensional photonic crystal was examined. Slant incident wave couples to high order mode propagation of photonic bands on Brillouin zone boundary. The concept of one-dimensional photonic crystal waveguide was proposed.
Wideband Self-Injection-Locked Green Tunable Laser Diode (2019)

A wideband tunability of 6.53 nm with appreciable SMSR (> 10 dB) and linewidth (~0.1 nm) is demonstrated from a simple and low-cost tunable self-injection locked InGaN/GaN green laser based external-cavity system, for the first time.© 2019 The Author(s)
Lead Halide Perovskites: Challenges and Opportunities in Advanced Synthesis and Spectroscopy (2017)

Hybrid lead perovskites containing a mixture of organic and inorganic cations and anions have lead to solar cell devices with better performance and stability than their single halide analogs. Here, 207Pb solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance and single particle photoluminescence spectroscopies show that the structure and composition of mixed-halide and—likely—other hybrid lead perovskites is much more complex than previously thought and is highly dependent on their synthesis. While a majority of reports in the area focus on the construction of photovoltaic devices, this perspective focuses instead on achieving a better understanding of the fundamental chemistry and photophysics of these materials, as this will aid not only in constructing improved devices, but also in generating new uses for these unique materials.
Recombinant Antitoxic and Antiinflammatory Factor from the Nonvenomous Snake <i>Python reticulatus</i>:  Phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> Inhibition and Venom Neutralizing Potential<sup>,</sup> (2000)

From the serum of the nonvenomous snake Python reticulatus, a new phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) inhibitor termed phospholipase inhibitor from python (PIP) was purified by sequential chromatography and cloned to elucidate its primary structure and fundamental biochemical characteristics. A cDNA clone encoding PIP was isolated from the liver total RNA by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). It contained a 603 bp open reading frame that encoded a 19-residue signal sequence and a 182-residue protein. PIP showed about 60% sequence homology with those PLA(2) inhibitors having a urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor-like domain structure. PIP was also functionally expressed as a fusion protein in Escherichia coli to explore its potential therapeutic significance. The recombinant PIP was shown to be identical to the native form in chromatographic behavior and biochemical characteristics. Both the native and recombinant PIP appear to exist as a hexamer of 23-kDa subunits having an apparent molecular mass of approximately 140 kDa. PIP showed ability to bind to the major PLA(2) toxin (daboiatoxin, DbTx) of Daboia russelli siamensis at 1-2-fold molar excess of inhibitor to toxin. It exhibited broad spectra in neutralizing the toxicity of various snake venoms and toxins and inhibited the formation of edema in mice. Our data demonstrate the venom neutralizing potential of the recombinant PIP and suggest that the proline-rich hydrophobic core region may play a role in binding to PLA(2).
Spiral Methanol to Hydrogen Micro-Reformer for Fuel Cell Applications (2009)

A spiral microchannel methanol reformer has been developed to provide power in conjunction with a micro fuel cell for a portable, low-power device. The design is optimized for low pumping power and rapid operation as well as thermal efficiency, overall size, and complete generation of the available hydrogen. An iterative, implicit, finite-element solution code, which locates the boundaries between liquid, two-phase, and gaseous flow, provides a complete solution of the fluid and heat transfer properties throughout the device. The solution employs experimentally verified available microchannel fluid dynamics relations to develop accurate results. Based on this analysis, the proposed microreformer design will have an overall maximum energy efficiency of 70%.
Radiochemical synthesis of pure anhydrous metal halides (1973)

Method uses radiation chemistry as practical tool for inorganic preparations and in particular deposition of metals by irradiation of their aqueous metal salt solutions with high energy electrons. Higher valence metal halide is dissolved in organic liquid and exposed to high energy electrons. This causes metal halide to be reduced to a lower valence metal halide.
Modeling anisotropic surface reflectance with example-based microfacet synthesis (2008)

We present a new technique for the visual modeling of spatiallyvarying anisotropic reflectance using data captured from a single view. Reflectance is represented using a microfacet-based BRDF which tabulates the facets' normal distribution (NDF) as a function of surface location. Data from a single view provides a 2D slice of the 4D BRDF at each surface point from which we fit a partial NDF. The fitted NDF is partial because the single view direction coupled with the set of light directions covers only a portion of the "half-angle" hemisphere. We complete the NDF at each point by applying a novel variant of texture synthesis using similar, overlapping partial NDFs from other points. Our similarity measure allows azimuthal rotation of partial NDFs, under the assumption that reflectance is spatially redundant but the local frame may be arbitrarily oriented. Our system includes a simple acquisition device that collects images over a 2D set of light directions by scanning a linear array of LEDs over a flat sample. Results demonstrate that our approach preserves spatial and directional BRDF details and generates a visually compelling match to measured materials.
Asymmetric Synthesis and Reactions of cis-N-(p-Toluenesulfinyl)aziridine-2-carboxylic Acids (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric Synthesis and Reactions of cis-N-(p-Toluenesulfinyl)aziridine-2-carboxylic AcidsFranklin A. Davis, Ping Zhou, and G. Venkat ReddyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 12, 3243–3245Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1994https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00091a001Request reuse permissionsArticle Views858Altmetric-Citations119LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (307 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Automatic Pre- to Intra-Operative CT Registration for Image-Guided Cochlear Implant Surgery (2012)

Percutaneous cochlear implantation (PCI) is a minimally-invasive image-guided cochlear implant approach, where access to the cochlea is achieved by drilling a linear channel from the skull surface to the cochlea. The PCI approach requires pre- and intra-operative planning. Computation of a safe linear drilling trajectory is performed in a preoperative CT. This trajectory is mapped to intraoperative space using the transformation matrix that registers the pre- and intra-operative CTs. However, the difference in orientation between the pre- and intra-operative CTs is too extreme to be recovered by standard, gradient descent-based registration methods. Thus far, the registration has been initialized manually by an expert. In this paper, we present a method that aligns the scans completely automatically. We compared the performance of the automatic approach to the registration approach when an expert does the manual initialization on 11 pairs of scans. There is a maximum difference of 0.18 mm between the entry and target points of the trajectory mapped with expert initialization and the automatic registration method. This suggests that the automatic registration method is accurate enough to be used in a PCI surgery.
New cuts for torsional mode quartz crystal resonators singly and doubly rotated about y- and z'-axes. (1996)

This paper describes new cuts.for torsional mode quartz crystal resonators, which are called “TT (Y)-cut.” The object of this paper is to propose new cuts for torsional quartz crystal resonators with a zero temperature coefficient and to clarify frequency constant, frequency temperature behavior and electrical equivalent circuit parameters for the typical cuts. First, we show a frequency equation that is given as a function of torsional rigidity Ct. Namely, the problem of a vibration for torsional mode is substantially equivalent to that of torsional rigidity Ct, and it is obtained from stress function Ψ which satisfies the boundary conditions. Next, from the frequency equation numerous relationships where α reaches zero are found to exist between thickness-to-width ratio Rzy and cut angle (φ, θ), especially, the second order temperature coefficient β has a small value of -1.25×10-8/°C2 whose absolute value is approximately one third of the flexural mode quartz crystal resonators. The value of β is then compared with the measured data of -1.00×10-8/°C2. Finally, it is shown that torsional quartz crystal resonators of tuning fork-type are successfully obtained with a small R1 of 3.0 to 6.5 kΩ and a large Q value of 175, 000 to 347, 000 in a frequency range of about 300 to 600 kHz.
Faster Transit Routing by Hyper Partitioning (2017)

We present a preprocessing-based acceleration technique for computing bi-criteria Pareto-optimal journeys in public transit networks, based on the well-known RAPTOR algorithm [Delling et al 2015]. Our key idea is to first partition a hypergraph into cells, in which vertices correspond to routes (e.g., bus lines) and hyperedges to stops, and to then mark routes sufficient for optimal travel across cells. The query can then be restricted to marked routes and those in the source and target cells. This results in a practical approach, suitable for networks that are too large to be efficiently handled by the basic RAPTOR algorithm.
The <i>in vivo</i> fate of tobacco mosaic virus nanoparticle theranostic agents modified by the addition of a polydopamine coat (2021)

Plant virus nanoparticles (VNPs) have multiple advantages over their synthetic counterparts including the cost-effective large-scale manufacturing of uniform particles that are easy to functionalize. Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is one of the most promising VNP scaffolds, reflecting its high aspect ratio and ability to carry and/or display multivalent therapeutic ligands and contrast agents. Here we investigated the circulation, protein corona, immunogenicity, and organ distribution/clearance of TMV particles internally co-labeled with cyanine 5 (Cy5) and chelated gadolinium (Gd) for dual tracking by fluorescence imaging and optical emission spectrometry, with or without an external coating of polydopamine (PDA) to confer photothermal and photoacoustic capabilities. The PDA-coated particles (Gd-Cy5-TMV-PDA) showed a shorter plasma circulation time and broader distribution to organs of the reticuloendothelial system (liver, lungs, and spleen) than uncoated Gd-Cy5-TMV particles (liver and spleen only). The Gd-Cy5-TMV-PDA particles were surrounded by 2-10-fold greater protein corona (containing mainly immunoglobulins) compared to Gd-Cy5-TMV particles. However, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) revealed that PDA-coated particles bind 2-fold lesser to anti-TMV antibodies elicited by particle injection than uncoated particles, suggesting that the PDA coat enables evasion from systemic antibody surveillance. Gd-Cy5-TMV-PDA particles were cleared from organs after 8 days compared to 5 days for the uncoated particles. The slower tissue clearance of the coated particles makes them ideal for theranostic applications by facilitating sustained local delivery in addition to multimodal imaging and photothermal capabilities. We have demonstrated the potential of PDA-coated proteinaceous nanoparticles for multiple biomedical applications.
Differentiating NO<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> at Low Cost Air Quality Amperometric Gas Sensors (2016)

This study deals with the differentiation and quantification of both nitrogen dioxide and ozone at ppb level when using amperometric gas sensors. We investigate, here, the addition of a layer of MnO2 microparticles powder as a chemical filter for ozone in a commercial amperometric gas sensor. Experimental results show that a sensor equipped with an MnO2 powder filter is insensitive to O3 but gives a well-defined limited current signal when exposed to NO2. In contrast, an unfiltered sensor senses both gases with a defined sensitivity for each gas. We find that the use of a pair of sensors, with one of the sensors filtered and one unfiltered, allows the quantification of both O3 and NO2. However, the MnO2 filter confers some indirect NO cross-sensitivity to the filtered sensors. Further studies show that it is possible to minimize this unwanted cross-sensitivity by replacing the MnO2 microparticles powder filter by an MnO2/PTFE microparticle composite filter powder. We find that the developed sensors allow reproducible measurements, linear output with the concentration and significant O3 filter capacity for an extended period of time.