gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inactivation of Protein Farnesyltransferase by Active-Site-Targeted Dicarbonyl Compounds (2001)

Upon farnesylation by protein farnesyltransferase (FTase), key proteins become compartmentalized in cells. For example, cell membrane localization is essential for the mitogenic role of mutant Ras protein, which acts as a switch for cancer cell proliferation. We report that alpha-dicarbonyl compounds derived from the isoprenoid skeleton or other hydrophobic groups potently obstruct farnesylation of a Ras model peptide by human recombinant FTase in vitro. A geranyl-derived isoprenoid diketone, 5,9-dimethyl-8-decene-2,3-dione, at 17 microM caused a 62% reduction in FTase activity after 30 minutes. A farnesyl-derived isoprenoid diketone, 5,9,13-trimethyl-8,12-tetradecadiene-2,3-dione, at 93 microM caused a 94% reduction after 30 minutes. Other dicarbonyl compounds found to be effective against FTase in vitro were (+/-)-6-(camphorquinone-10-sulfonamido)-hexanoic acid, 4,4'-biphenyldiglyoxaldehyde, dehydroascorbic acid 6-palmitate, 2-oxododecanal, and phenylglyoxal. Higher concentrations of the alpha-dicarbonyl compound resulted in more rapid and more extensive inactivation. These findings demonstrate that alpha-dicarbonyl compounds targeted to FTase interfere with protein farnesylation in vitro and may lead to derivatives that have utility as chemotherapeutic agents.
Genetic and Experimental Evidence for Cross-Species Infection by Swine Hepatitis E Virus (1998)

Prior to the recent discovery of the swine hepatitis E virus (swine HEV) in pigs from the midwestern United States, HEV was not considered endemic to this country. Since swine HEV is antigenically and genetically related to human strains of HEV, it was important to characterize this new virus further. The infectivity titer of a pool of swine HEV in pigs was determined in order to prepare a standardized reagent and to evaluate the dose response in pigs. Although the sequence of swine HEV varied extensively from those of most human strains of HEV, it was very closely related to the two strains of human HEV (US-1 and US-2) isolated in the United States. The U.S. strains which were recently recovered from two patients with clinical hepatitis E in the United States shared >/=97% amino acid identity with swine HEV in open reading frames 1 and 2. Phylogenetic analyses of different regions of the genome revealed that swine HEV and the U.S. strains grouped together and formed a distinct branch. These results suggested that swine HEV may infect humans. When we inoculated rhesus monkeys and a chimpanzee, experimental surrogates of humans, with swine HEV, the primates became infected. Furthermore, in a reciprocal experiment, specific-pathogen-free pigs were experimentally infected with the US-2 strain of human HEV that is genetically similar to swine HEV. These results provided experimental evidence for cross-species infection by the swine virus. Thus, humans appear to be at risk of infection with swine HEV or closely related viruses.
Endotoxin·albumin complexes transfer endotoxin monomers to MD-2 resulting in activation of TLR4 (2011)

Response to Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) is partially mediated by the recognition of GNB-derived endotoxin by host cells. Potent host response to endotoxin depends on the sequential interaction of endotoxin with lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), CD14, MD-2 and TLR4. While CD14 facilitates the efficient transfer of endotoxin monomers to MD-2 and MD-2·TLR4, activation of MD-2·TLR4 can occur in the absence of CD14 through an unknown mechanism. Here, we show that incubation of purified endotoxin (E) aggregates (E(agg), M ( r ) ≥ 20 million) in PBS with ≥ 0.1% albumin in the absence of divalent cations Ca(2+) and Mg(2+), yields E·albumin complexes (M ( r ) ∼70,000). E·albumin transfers E monomers to sMD-2 or sMD-2·TLR4 ectodomain (TLR4(ecd)) with a 'K (d)' of ∼4 nM and induces MD-2·TLR4-dependent, CD14-independent cell activation with a potency only 10-fold less than that of monomeric E·CD14 complexes. Our findings demonstrate, for the first time, a mechanistic basis for delivery of endotoxin monomers to MD-2 and for activation of TLR4 that is independent of CD14.
Chemical Aspects of Polymeric Electroluminescent Devices (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical Aspects of Polymeric Electroluminescent DevicesJames R. Sheats, Ying-Lan Chang, Daniel B. Roitman, and Andrew StockingView Author Information Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, 3500 Deer Creek Road, Palo Alto, California 94304 Cite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 3, 193–200Publication Date (Web):February 19, 1999Publication History Received15 July 1998Published online19 February 1999Published inissue 1 March 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar980061qhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ar980061qresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views399Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Electrodes,Ions,Polymers,Scanning tunneling microscopy,Work function Get e-Alerts
Conversational Query Understanding Using Sequence to Sequence Modeling (2018)

Understanding conversations is crucial to enabling conversational search in technologies such as chatbots, digital assistants, and smart home devices that are becoming increasingly popular. Conventional search engines are powerful at answering open domain queries but are mostly capable of stateless search. In this paper, we define a conversational query as a query that depends on the context of the current conversation, and we formulate the conversational query understanding problem as context-aware query reformulation, where the goal is to reformulate the conversational query into a search engine friendly query in order to satisfy users» information needs in conversational settings. Such context-aware query reformulation problem lends itself to sequence to sequence modeling. We present a large scale open domain dataset of conversational queries and various sequence to sequence models that are learned from this dataset. The best model correctly reformulates over half of all conversational queries, showing the potential of sequence to sequence modeling for this task.
System level oriented load-pull based design of envelope tracking power amplifiers for LTE applications (2016)

Envelope tracking power amplifiers represent an attractive alternative for future high efficiency base station amplifiers. This paper proposes a suitable design alternative customized to envelope tracking power amplifiers. This consists of performing a multi-dimensional load-pull and selecting the reflection coefficients to be presented to the transistor while taking into account the system level architecture of the power amplifier. It is shown that adopting the proposed load reflection coefficient selection algorithm leads to an additional efficiency enhancement of approximately 3% from 44.2% to 47.3%. This extra performance is achieved without additional circuitry or cost.
A 0.8V 1.9mW 53.7-to-72.0GHz self-frequency-tracking injection-locked frequency divider (2012)

A self-frequency-tracking (SFT) transformer-based injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) with enhanced frequency locking range is presented. The SFT technique creates a frequency-dependent phase shift for the total current injected into the transformer tank to relax both the phase and gain conditions. Fabricated in a 65nm CMOS process, the presented SFT-ILFD achieves an input locking range of 29% from 53.7 to 72.0 GHz at 0dBm input power while dissipating 1.9mW from 0.8V. The corresponding FOM is 9.53, which is the highest among all the published CMOS frequency divider at 60GHz.
A MEMS Electron Impact ion Source Integrated in a Micro-time-of-flight Mass Spectrometer (2012)

This electron impact ion source has been fabricated using the MEMS technology. The chosen process is fully compatible with the reflectron's fabrication so that the ion source could be integrated into a micro-Time-Of-Flight mass spectrometer used for gas analysis. The fabrication process and its performances are reported. The current generated could be as high as tens of nano-amps, one of the highest reported for an integrated source in a micro mass spectrometer. It presents a raw ionization efficiency of 2,5.10-3.
Passive acoustic source localization for video camera steering (2002)

A multi-input one-step least-squares (OSLS) algorithm for passive source localization is proposed. It is shown that the OSLS algorithm is mathematically equivalent to the so-called spherical interpolation (SI) method but with less computational complexity. The OSLS/SI method uses spherical equations (instead of hyperbolic equations) and solves them in a least-squares sense. Based on the adaptive eigenvalue decomposition time delay estimation method previously proposed by the same authors and the OSLS source localization algorithm, a real-time passive source localization system for video camera steering is presented. The system demonstrates many desirable features such as accuracy, portability, and robustness.
Tobacco Mosaic Virus Assembled High Aspect Ratio Surfaces (2013)

A modified version of the rod-shaped Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV1cys) provides a robust template for the self-assembly and fabrication of high-surface-area materials for numerous applications including batteries and sensors. TMV1cys surface fabrication is facilitated by the addition of a single cysteine residue to the virus coat protein that directs the vertical attachment of the virus particle onto substrate surfaces and enables deposition of functional inorganic layers. Here we describe the production and purification of the virus, its assembly onto suitable surfaces, and coating with metallic nickel and cobalt.
Sender Scorecards for the prevention of unsolicited communication (2010)

Sender Scorecards are conceived as a method to enable different IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) domains and networks to exchange trustworthy information on sender identities and other relevant information, to allow discrimination between legitimate and unsolicited IMS communication. The approach uses a secure and interoperable scorecard about the sender of IMS calls. Such a scorecard is generated, transported, and evaluated collaboratively between different network domains. Scorecards are used to generate a standardized exchange format for sender and message related information. Depending on the outcome of the scorecard evaluation, the receiving domain can take appropriate actions such as denying or allowing a communication attempt. The present paper proposes a blueprint for an IMS architecture including scorecard elements, based on 3GPP standards. In this context, procedures operating with scorecards for prevention of unsolicited communications are presented.
All-optical switching in long-period fiber gratings (1997)

Nonlinear pulse propagation in long-period fiber gratings is studied with a mode-locked Q -switched laser pulse approximately 80ps in duration at a wavelength of 1.05 microm . Optical switching, pulse reshaping, and optical limiting are found at intensities in the range of 1-20 GW/cm(2).
The central guardian approach to enforce fault isolation in the time-triggered architecture (2003)

This paper discusses measures to make a distributed system based on the time-triggered architecture resistant to arbitrary node failures. The presented approach introduces a central guardian as part of the interconnection network. This guardian acts as a supervising unit to node computers by checking for compliance to the fault hypothesis at the network interface of the node. By implementing appropriate algorithms the guardian is able to transform failure modes (of nodes) that cannot be tolerated by the fault hypothesis of the TTP/C protocol. This transformation ensures that at the interface to correct nodes, even an arbitrarily faulty node will be compliant to the fault hypothesis of the TTP/C communication protocol.
A singing voice synthesis system based on sinusoidal modeling (2002)

Although sinusoidal models have been demonstrated to be capable of high-quality musical instrument synthesis, speech modification, and speech synthesis, little exploration of the application of these models to the synthesis of singing voice has been undertaken. We propose a system framework similar to that employed in concatenation-based text-to-speech synthesizers, and describe its extension to the synthesis of singing voice. The power and flexibility of the sinusoidal model used in the waveform synthesis portion of the system enables high-quality, computationally-efficient synthesis and the incorporation of musical qualities such as vibrato and spectral tilt variation. Modeling of segmental phonetic characteristics is achieved by employing a "unit selection" procedure that selects sinusoidally-modeled segments from an inventory of singing voice data collected from a human vocalist. The system, called LYRICOS, is capable of synthesizing very natural-sounding singing that maintains the characteristics and perceived identity of the analyzed vocalist.
Recent advances in the diagnosis of Schistosoma infection: the detection of parasite DNA (2002)

As Schistosoma sp. control programs are chiefly based on treatment of infected population, adequate case finding has a crucial role. The available diagnostic methods are far from ideal, since the search for eggs in stools and the detection of circulating antigens lack sensitivity in low prevalence and post-treatment situations and antibody detection lacks specificity. In most endemic foci, repeated treatment of infected people leaves a number of non-diagnosed and consequently non-treated persons, enough to maintain a persistent residue of 5 to 10% prevalence. In an attempt to surpass these diagnostic limitations we have developed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of Schistosoma sp. in feces that, in a first population study, has shown to be more sensitive than three-repeated stool Kato-Katz examination. The PCR may constitute a valuable tool for the diagnosis of the Schistosoma sp. infection in special situations, when high sensitivity and specificity are required and infrastructure is available.
Protein Expression Profiling of <i>Coccidioides posadasii</i> by Two-Dimensional Differential In-Gel Electrophoresis and Evaluation of a Newly Recognized Peroxisomal Matrix Protein as a Recombinant Vaccine Candidate (2006)

Coccidioides posadasii and Coccidioides immitis are dimorphic, soil-dwelling pathogenic ascomycetes endemic to the southwestern United States. Infection can result from inhalation of a very few arthroconidia, but following natural infection, long-lived immunity is the norm. Previous work in the field has shown that spherule-derived vaccines afford more protection than those from mycelia. We have used two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis coupled with nano-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to directly assess both absolute abundance and differential expression of proteins in the spherule and the mycelial phases of C. posadasii with the intent to identify potential vaccine candidates. Peptides derived from 40 protein spots were analyzed and a probable identity was assigned to each. One spherule-abundant protein, identified as Pmp1, showed homology to allergens from Aspergillus fumigatus and other fungi, all of which exhibit similarity to yeast thiol peroxidases. Recombinant Pmp1 was reactive with serum from individuals with both acute and protracted disease, and evoked protection in two murine models of infection with C. posadasii. These results demonstrate the utility of proteomic analysis as a point of discovery for protective antigens for possible inclusion in a vaccine candidate to prevent coccidioidomycosis.
Modeling of acoustic environment for the purpose of noise cancellation (1989)

The specific noise-cancellation problem being considered here is the active cancellation of acoustic noise by the use of electronic earphones. Since it is important to achieve cancellation of ambient noise only, and not of warning sounds and speech, an adequate understanding of the noise environment in which the earphones are to be used is required. A key step in the approach taken by these authors is ton initially extract information regarding specific noise environments off-line. This information can then be used to define details of control structure and values for the canceler in that environment. During actual usage of the earphones, the algorithm must adapt to fine-tune itself to the environment at that time. Recordings of ambient noise were made for specific environments. Data-analysis programs were developed and used to construct a model of the stationary noise environment and extract the relevant parameters. These are used to define the structure, parameter range, and computational requirements of the noise canceler. [Work supported by the Florida High Technology and Industry Council.]
Counter-propagating patterns in the biophotonics workstation: getting more out of light for trapping and manipulation (2010)

The counter-propagating geometry opens an extra degree of freedom for shaping light while subsuming single-sided illumination as a special case (i.e., one beam set turned off). In its conventional operation, our BioPhotonics Workstation (BWS) uses symmetric, co-axial counter-propagating beams for stable three-dimensional manipulation of multiple particles. In this work, we analyze counter-propagating shaped-beam traps that depart from this conventional geometry. We show that projecting shaped beams with separation distances previously considered axially unstable can, in fact, enhance the trap by improving axial and transverse trapping stiffness. We also show interesting results of trapping and micromanipulation experiments that combine optical forces with fluidic forces. These results hint about the rich potential of using patterned counter-propagating beams for optical trapping and manipulation, which still remains to be fully tapped.
Multi-resolution Social Network Community Identification and Maintenance on Big Data Platform (2013)

Community identification in social networks is of great interest and with dynamic changes to its graph representation and content, the incremental maintenance of community poses significant challenges in computation. Moreover, the intensity of community engagement can be distinguished at multiple levels, resulting in a multi-resolution community representation that has to be maintained over time. In this paper, we first formalize this problem using the k-core metric projected at multiple k values, so that multiple community resolutions are represented with multiple k-core graphs. We then present distributed algorithms to construct and maintain a multi-k-core graph, implemented on the scalable big-data platform Apache HBase. Our experimental evaluation results demonstrate orders of magnitude speedup by maintaining multi-k-core incrementally over complete reconstruction. Our algorithms thus enable practitioners to create and maintain communities at multiple resolutions on different topics in rich social network content simultaneously.
ASSEMBLY AND ENLARGEMENT OF THE PRIMARY CELL WALL IN PLANTS (1997)

Growing plant cells are shaped by an extensible wall that is a complex amalgam of cellulose microfibrils bonded noncovalently to a matrix of hemicelluloses, pectins, and structural proteins. Cellulose is synthesized by complexes in the plasma membrane and is extruded as a self-assembling microfibril, whereas the matrix polymers are secreted by the Golgi apparatus and become integrated into the wall network by poorly understood mechanisms. The growing wall is under high tensile stress from cell turgor and is able to enlarge by a combination of stress relaxation and polymer creep. A pH-dependent mechanism of wall loosening, known as acid growth, is characteristic of growing walls and is mediated by a group of unusual wall proteins called expansins. Expansins appear to disrupt the noncovalent bonding of matrix hemicelluloses to the microfibril, thereby allowing the wall to yield to the mechanical forces generated by cell turgor. Other wall enzymes, such as (1-->4) beta-glucanases and pectinases, may make the wall more responsive to expansin-mediated wall creep whereas pectin methylesterases and peroxidases may alter the wall so as to make it resistant to expansin-mediated creep.
Fusing neuromorphic motion detector outputs for robust optic flow measurement (2003)

This paper presents a method for generating robust measurements by fusing the outputs of multiple elementary motion detector (EMD) circuits. The competitive feature tracker (CFT) algorithm is used to implement the EMD circuits. CFT measures motion by timing the movement of a feature across the visual field. Fusion is performed with leaky integrators. Each leaky integrator corresponds to a range of velocities and is stimulated whenever an EMD detects motion in the leaky integrator's velocity range. Thus the leaky integrator corresponding to the correct velocity receives the most stimulus. The other leaky integrators receive stimulus only from incorrect measurements. These incorrect stimuli are hence "voted out" and ignored. A proof-of-principle was obtained by implementing the algorithm in an optic flow sensor and exposing the sensor to moving texture stimulus. This sensor was then mounted onto a glider and placed in a control loop to cause the glider to steer away from a wall before collision.
Method for calibrating transmission portion of node in wireless communication network, involves compensating radio transmission from radio node using correction factor based on exchanged representation of radio channel characteristics. (2003)

NOVELTY - The method involves compensating radio transmissions from a radio node using correction factor that is based on the representation of radio channel characteristics exchanged between the radio nodes. USE - For calibrating transmission portion of node in wireless communication network. ADVANTAGE - Enables achieving reciprocity between radio nodes, thereby optimizing coding and mapping at the transmitter which requires an accurate forward channel estimation hence communication performance is improved. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (1) communication system; (2) radio node; and (3) computer program comprising calibration program. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the message sequence chart.