gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Field, temperature, and angle dependent critical current density<i>J</i><sub>c</sub>(<i>H</i>,<i>T</i>,θ) in coated conductors obtained via contact-free methods (2009)

Applications of coated conductors based on high- Tc superconductors often require detailed knowledge of their critical current density Jc as a function of magnetic field orientation as well as field strength and temperature. This work demonstrates experimental methods for obtaining the angularly dependent Jc using contact-free magnetic measurements, and qualifies those methods using several well defined conditions. The studies complement traditional transport techniques and are readily extended to conditions of field and temperature where the current density is very large and transport methods become difficult. Results on representative materials are presented.
Mining large-scale, sparse GPS traces for map inference (2012)

We address the problem of inferring road maps from large-scale GPS traces that have relatively low resolution and sampling frequency. Unlike past published work that requires high-resolution traces with dense sampling, we focus on situations with coarse granularity data, such as that obtained from thousands of taxis in Shanghai, which transmit their location as seldom as once per minute. Such data sources can be made available inexpensively as byproducts of existing processes, rather than having to drive every road with high-quality GPS instrumentation just for map building - and having to re-drive roads for periodic updates. Although the challenges in using opportunistic probe data are significant, successful mining algorithms could potentially enable the creation of continuously updated maps at very low cost.
Performance of Parity-Based Loss Recovery for Reliable Multicast in Third-Generation Mobile Networks (2006)

We investigate the performance of parity-based reliable multicast in third-generation networks in terms of residual packet error rate, throughput and delay. For multicast over the CDMA air interface, we distinguish between the use of point-to-multipoint (PTM) channels that are broadcast over the entire cell or separate point-to-point (PTP) channels that are transmitted to individual users of the group. As a first step, the residual packet error rates of the radio link control (RLC) layer using PTM and PTP channels for multicast are established, assuming that the RLC layer is not fully reliable. Subsequently, these results are used to determine the performance of the end-to-end reliable multicast mechanism operating on top of the RLC layer. Our results provide insight into the throughput and packet delay trade-off of using a single PTM or separate PTP channels for reliable multicast in third-generation mobile networks
Non-iterative, feature-preserving mesh smoothing (2003)

With the increasing use of geometry scanners to create 3D models, there is a rising need for fast and robust mesh smoothing to remove inevitable noise in the measurements. While most previous work has favored diffusion-based iterative techniques for feature-preserving smoothing, we propose a radically different approach, based on robust statistics and local first-order predictors of the surface. The robustness of our local estimates allows us to derive a non-iterative feature-preserving filtering technique applicable to arbitrary "triangle soups". We demonstrate its simplicity of implementation and its efficiency, which make it an excellent solution for smoothing large, noisy, and non-manifold meshes.
M.C. Escher : art and science : proceedings of the International Congress on M.C. Escher, Rome, Italy, 26-28 March, 1985 (1986)

Foreword (M. Emmer). M.C. Escher at Work (G.A. Escher). Escher and Symmetry. Coloured Symmetry (H.S.M. Coxeter). The 37 Combinatorial Types of Regular ``Heaven and Hell'' Patterns in the Euclidean Plane (A.W.M. Dress). On Monohedral Space Tillings in M.C. Escher's Work (P. Engel). Mathematical Challenges in Escher's Geometry (B. Grunbaum). Hidden Symmetry (C.H. MacGillavry). M.C. Escher's Classification System for his Colored Periodic Drawings (D. Schattschneider). Escher Designs on Surfaces (M. Senechal). What Escher Might Have Done (G.C. Shephard). Escher, Mathematics and Visual Perception. Escher's Impossible Figure Prints in a New Context (B. Ernst). Puzzles of Pictures as Untouchable Objects (R.L. Gregory). Escher and the Visual Representation of Mathematical Ideas (R. Penrose). Perceptual Theory and Ambiguity in the Work of M.C. Escher against the Background of the 20th Century (M.L. Teuber). Escher and Geometry. Rolling a Tetrahedron on the Plane to Produce Periodic Patterns of Symmetry P2 and Drawing Dragon Curves as Backbones of Escher Figures (K. Husimi). Metamorphosis and Cycle in Curved Space Structure (H. Lalvani). Polyhedra in the Work of M.C. Escher (A.L. Loeb). Braiding Escher Models (J. Pedersen). Butterflies and Snakes (J.F. Rigby). How the ``Path of Jerusalem'' in Chartres Separates Birds from Fishes (P. Rosenstiehl). Polyhedra in the Style of Leonardo, Dali and Escher (J.M. Wills). Temari Workshop (K. Yamamoto). Escher, Cinema and Computer Graphics. Creating Hyperbolic Escher Patterns (D.J. Dunham). Movies on M.C. Escher and their Mathematical Appeal (M. Emmer). Animating Escher with Computer Graphics (N. Greene). The Interactive Computer Graphics (ICG) Production of the 17 Two-Dimensional Crystallographic Groups, and Other Related Topics (L. Cervini, R. Farinato and L. Loreto). Escher and the Physical World. The World of Escher and Physics (G. Caglioti). Symmetry in Protein Structure and Function (E.P. Whitehead). Structural and Dynamic Transformations in Molecular Biology (M. Wurtz). Escher and Art. From M.C. Escher to Multi-Dimensional Thinking (S. Berczi, D. Nagy and T.K. Farkas). Univocals, Ambiguity, Nonsense in Escher's Art (C. Maltese). Escher and Hoogewerff - A Meeting in the Thirties (J. Offerhaus). Escher: Between Cartography and Representation (R.L. Pierantoni). Escher and The Humanities. Escherian and Non-Escherian Developments of New Frieze Style Types in Hanti and Old Hungarian Communal Art (S. Berczi). The Usual, the Ambiguous and Two Types of Visual Incongruity in the Work of M.C. Escher (P. Bonaiuto). A Set of Possible Worlds (S. Marconi). M.C. Escher's ``Likely Impossibilities'': Using the Beauty of Mathematics to Create the Truth of Art (E.B. Versluis). Colour Section.
Biology and Treatment of Primary Myelofibrosis (2007)

Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a chronic myeloproliferative disorder associated with an average survival of less than 5 years. Therapy for PMF has used chemotherapeutic agents, immunomodulatory drugs, or biological-response modifiers that have not always been directed at the biological processes that underlie the origins of PMF. Such strategies are palliative and have an uncertain effect on survival. At present, allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is the only means of altering the natural history of patients with PMF and provides the only hope for cure of this disorder. Enthusiasm for ASCT in PMF has been muted due to an unacceptable transplantation-related morbidity and mortality in patients receiving fully myeloablative conditioning regimens. Recently, a variety of reduced-intensity conditioning regimens have been utilized in older patients with PMF with significant comorbidities with promising results. Greater understanding of the cellular and molecular events that lead to the development of PMF have provided the opportunity for targeted therapies for PMF. Such therapies must be first evaluated in phase 1/2 trials using a variety of endpoints to assess their efficacy and their potential associated toxicities. The performance of randomized clinical trials comparing these agents to the present standard of care would permit for the first time evidence-based therapeutic decisions to be made for patients with PMF.
Conformation of aromatic-substituted dinucleoside monophosphates: an extension of the base-displacement theory of carcinogenesis (1977)

The conformations of 12 dinucleoside monophosphates containing N4-phenylcytidine (CPh) or N4(beta-naphthyl)cytidine (CbetaN) residues have been studied, using circular dichroic spectroscopy. The following compounds had aqueous spectra resembling their parent compounds, which lacked the modifying aromatic substituent: CPhpU, CbetaNpU, UpCPh, UpCbetaN, CPhpG, CbetaNpG, GpCPh, and CPhpA. The spectra of GpCbetaN and ApCbetaN were almost the reverse of the unmodified compounds, while CbetaNpA and ApCPh were intermediary in character. When the spectra were run in methanol, all major differences between the modified and unmodified compounds disappeared. This result suggested that the differences observed in aqueous solution were the result of stacking interactions between the aromatic ring and a neighboring purine. When the aromatic ring was naphthalene, the modified cytidine occupied the 3'-terminal position, and, when the purine was adenine, the effect was enhanced. These conclusions were supported by a consideration of chemical shifts in the 1H NMR spectra of ApCbetaN, and GpCbetaN, as compared to those of the unmodified compounds and CbetaNpG. A study of molecular models of ApCbetaN and GpCbetaN revealed a unique conformation in which the purine rotates to a syn position, in order to allow a close stacking interaction with the naphthalene ring. No such conformation is available for CbetaNpA and CbetaNpG, and the best partial stacking interaction occurs in a conformation with the purine in the anti conformation. The base-displacement theory of carcinogenesis (Levine, A. F., Fink, L. M., Weinstein, I. B., and Grunberger, D. (1974), Cancer Res. 34, 319) describes the conformational change resulting from the attachment of a bulky aromatic residue at the 8 position of guanine in RNA or DNA, and attributes biological importance to the event. The changes that occur upon substitution of the amino group of cytosine differ in detail from the above, but would be expected to produce similar biological results. Base-displacement effects need not be limited, therefore, to a particular substitution position in a nucleic acid.
Cloning and chromosomal mapping of a human immunodeficiency virus 1 "TATA" element modulatory factor. (1992)

A critical regulatory element in many promoters transcribed by RNA polymerase II is the "TATA" box, which is located 25-30 nucleotides upstream of the transcription initiation site. TFIID is a biochemically defined HeLa cell nuclear fraction containing a transcription factor activity that binds specifically to the TATA box and is critical in determining both basal and regulated promoter activity. Recently, the gene for a TATA-binding protein was cloned and found to bind to various TATA elements and to substitute for TFIID in stimulating basal gene expression in in vitro transcription systems. However, it is possible that additional cellular factors can bind to the TATA element and influence the level of gene expression. By using lambda gt11 expression cloning with oligonucleotides corresponding to the human immunodeficiency virus 1 TATA element, we report the identification of a cellular protein with a calculated molecular mass of 123 kDa that we designate TATA element modulatory factor (TMF). TMF binds to the human immunodeficiency virus 1 TATA element in gel-retardation assays and inhibits activation of the viral long terminal repeat by the TATA-binding protein in in vitro transcription assays. TMF contains leucine-zipper amino acid motifs and exhibits homology in its DNA binding domain with the phage-encoded DNA binding protein Ner. Chromosomal mapping localizes the TMF gene to human chromosome 3p12-p21, which is a site of frequent rearrangements in lung and renal carcinomas. Thus, TMF is a transcription factor that likely regulates the expression of both viral and cellular genes.
The C-terminal part of diacylglycerol kinase α lacking zinc fingers serves as a catalytic domain (1996)

All mammalian diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) isoenzymes so far cloned consist of four conserved regions, namely, C1, C2 (tandem EF-hand structures), C3 (tandem cysteine-rich zinc finger sequences) and the C-terminal C4 domains. To determine the catalytic domain we expressed in COS-7 cells various truncation mutants of pig DGK alpha and assessed their enzyme activities. We found that the C4 domain lacking the whole N-terminal region including the zinc fingers possessed DGK activity that was dependent on the concentrations of diacylglycerol and ATP very similarly, as did the wild-type DGK alpha. Furthermore the DGK activity of the wild-type DGK and that expressed by the C4 domain were similarly activated by anionic amphiphiles such as phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol and deoxycholate. It was also shown that a DGK mutant consisting of the zinc fingers and the C4 domain has enzymological properties very similar to those expressed by the C4 domain alone. We also confirmed that the intact DGKs alpha, beta and gamma expressed in COS-7 cells displayed no detectable phorbol ester binding. These results show that the C4 domain of DGK is the catalytic region that is responsible for the enzyme activities sensitive to different activators. We cannot exclude the possibility that the N-terminal portion including the zinc fingers can still interact with diacylglycerol and activators without affecting the enzyme activity measured in vitro. However, it is quite likely that the DGK zinc fingers do not serve as diacylglycerol-binding sites, in contrast with those present in other proteins such as protein kinases C and n-chimaerin. Site-directed mutagenesis of all six putative ATP binding sites (Lys248, Lys383, Lys395, Lys483, Lys492, and Lys554) did not significantly affect the enzyme activity. We therefore suggest that DGK does not contain a typical P-loop of ATP binding sites.
Prospective Study of Restless Legs Syndrome and Risk of Depression in Women (2012)

Most research on the association between restless legs syndrome (RLS) and depression has involved cross-sectional data. The objective of the present study was to evaluate this issue prospectively among Nurses' Health Study participants. A total of 56,399 women (mean age = 68 years) who were free of depression symptoms at baseline (2002) were followed until 2008. Physician-diagnosed RLS was self-reported. During 300,155 person-years of follow-up, the authors identified 1,268 incident cases of clinical depression (regular use of antidepressant medication and physician-diagnosed depression). Women with RLS at baseline were more likely to develop clinical depression (multivariate-adjusted relative risk (RR) = 1.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1, 2.1; P = 0.02) than those without RLS. The presence of RLS at baseline was also associated with higher scores on the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10) and the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) thereafter. Multivariable-adjusted mean differences were 1.00 (standard error, 0.12) for CESD-10 score and 0.47 (standard error, 0.07) for GDS-15 score between women with RLS and those without RLS (P < 0.0001). In conclusion, women with physician-diagnosed RLS had an increased risk of developing clinical depression and clinically relevant depression symptoms. Further prospective studies using refined approaches to ascertainment of RLS and depression are warranted.
Interleukin-6: a local pain trigger? (2010)

Pain management in conditions of chronic inflammation is a clinical challenge, and increasing our understanding of the mechanisms driving this type of pain is important. In the previous issue of Arthritis Research & Therapy, Boettger and colleagues examine the role of IL-6 in antigen-induced arthritis using the IL-6 neutralizing soluble glycoprotein 130 and link IL-6 to a pathophysiological role in the generation of pain, independent of the proinflammatory properties of IL-6. The findings presented in this study add to a growing body of evidence highlighting the role of IL-6 in the induction and maintenance of pain.
mRNA for NGF and p75 in the central nervous system of rats affected by experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (1996)

In this study we measured the concentration of nerve growth factor (NGF) and the expression of NGF and the low affinity NGF-receptor (NGF-r) mRNA in the central nervous system (CNS) of rats affected by experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) during the acute phase of the disease. Significant levels of NGF protein were found in thalamus and cortex on day 13 post-immunization. Molecular analysis of the NGF gene expression and of its NGF-r revealed that they were enhanced in several regions of the CNS of EAE rats when compared with untreated animals. These results suggest a functional link between local NGF synthesis and this autoimmune inflammatory disease.
Convenient and Efficient Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of a Methyl Derivative of the Fused Indoloquinoline Alkaloid Cryptosanguinolentine (2010)

An efficient synthesis of a methyl derivative of the indoloquinoline alkaloid cryptosanguinolentine based on microwave-assisted reactions is described. The microwave-assisted synthesis of an intermediate 4-hydroxy-2-methylquinoline yielded 86% of the desired product and other intermediates prepared yielded high % of products in shorter reaction times, under optimum conditions, as compared to traditional methods.
Selection of Mammalian Cell Mutants in GPI Biosynthesis (2003)

Mammalian cell mutants defective in glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) biosynthesis have proven very valuable for defining the donors of anchor components (,), understanding the sequence of reactions in the pathway (), cloning genes required for the synthesis of this glycolipid (, , , , , ), and probing the function of the membrane anchor in specific cell types (). The isolation of mutants with complete defects in various reactions in this pathway has been possible, because cultured cells suffer no adverse consequences when unable to express GPI-anchored proteins on their surface. Such a defect in a whole organism is lethal (,). To date, cell lines defective in four of the seven reactions required to synthesize GPI in mammalian cells have been isolated and assigned to seven complementation groups. New mutants in GPI will be useful for studying the three reactions for which no defective cells exist, and for continued elucidation of the function of different GPI-anchored proteins in various biological processes.
Effect of the GICs on magnetic saturation of asymmetric three‐phase transformer (2017)

The most commonly used models in geomagnetic‐induced currents (GICs) studies neglect the hysteresis phenomenon. In relation to this, the authors present an approach to integrate the hysteresis phenomenon to the finite‐element model (2D‐FEM) for the effects of the GIC which considers the current, as an input quantity. These currents are obtained by a dynamic electromagnetic model that the authors developed, and are compared with the results obtained by experimentation. This is the first time that this phenomenon has been shown in three‐phase transformers with load. They also provide other practical responses in relation to other papers in which their studies concern the imbalance GIC bias on the asymmetric three‐phase transformers with no‐load while the majority of the transformers operate on load.
Exploiting the Polypharmacology of ß-Carbolines to Disrupt <i>O. volvulus</i> Molting (2015)

Onchocerciasis is an infection caused by the filarial worm Onchocerca volvulus, which can eventually result in blindness. The lack of an effective macrofilaricide and the possible development of ivermectin-resistant strains of O. volvulus necessitate the need for alternative treatment strategies. We have shown that targeting the L3-stage-specific chitinase OvCHT1 impairs the shedding of the filarial cuticle. In our continued efforts to discover OvCHT1 inhibitors, we identified the β-carboline alkaloid scaffolding as a chitinase inhibitor that is capable of penetrating the worm cuticle. Herein, we disclose the rich polypharmacology of the β-carboline class of compounds as an approach to abrogate the molting of the parasite and thus the initiation of infection in the human host.
Synthesis of a 3-Acetoxy-6-phenylpyrone and Its Conversion to a Pyrido[1,4]benzodiazepine (1989)

4.5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4pyrone (5) was prepared via condensation of 3-acetoxy-4methoxy-3-buten-2-one (2) with the appropriate benzoyl chloride and acid catalyzed cyclization.The intermediate pyrone was converted to the target, 6-0x0-2, 5,9,10,11 -pentamethoxy-l.2,3,6tetrahydropyrido[l,6-d][l,4]benzodiazepine(1).We recently desired the pyridobenzodiazepine 1 as part of a program toward the design of novel antitumor agents.A key element in the structure of 1 was the a-alkoxyamino functionality incorporated into the diazepine ring (ring B),
Ferroelectric Non-Volatile Logic Devices (2004)

Abstract The reduction of the power consumption is becoming more essential for portable systems. A powering down scheme is very useful to reduce power comsumption of LSIs. The scheme needs to keep logic state, so several latch circuits have been reported. However, these methods require large additional circuit or special manufacturing process. A non-volatile latch with ferroelectric capacitors is simple and smart way [Citation1], and its area penalty is very small. The non-volatile device needs no power supply for data keeping. Moreover, a dynamic reconfigurable logic can be possible by using the non-volatile latch as non-volatile switches. Keywords: Ferroelectriclogiclow powerreconfigurablenon-destructive
Learning to Refine an Automatically Extracted Knowledge Base Using Markov Logic (2012)

A number of text mining and information extraction projects such as Text Runner and NELL seek to automatically build knowledge bases from the rapidly growing amount of information on the web. In order to scale to the size of the web, these projects often employ ad hoc heuristics to reason about uncertain and contradictory information rather than reasoning jointly about all candidate facts. In this paper, we present a Markov logic-based system for cleaning an extracted knowledge base. This allows a scalable system such as NELL to take advantage of joint probabilistic inference, or, conversely, allows Markov logic to be applied to a web scale problem. Our system uses only the ontological constraints and confidence values of the original system, along with human-labeled data if available. The labeled data can be used to calibrate the confidence scores from the original system or learn the effectiveness of individual extraction patterns. To achieve scalability, we introduce a neighborhood grounding method that only instantiates the part of the network most relevant to the given query. This allows us to partition the knowledge cleaning task into tractable pieces that can be solved individually. In experiments on NELL's knowledge base, we evaluate several variants of our approach and find that they improve both F1 and area under the precision-recall curve.
Patterns for business object model integration in process-driven and service-oriented architectures (2006)

Service-oriented architectures often have the goal to integrate various systems of one or more organizations in a flexible way to be able to quickly react on business changes. Integration based only on services, however, falls short in reaching this goal because the application-specific business object models of multiple external systems (especially legacy systems) need to be integrated into the service-oriented system. When multiple business object models must be integrated into one system, serious data integration issues might arise. Examples of such problems are incompatible data definitions, inconsistent data across the enterprise, data redundancy, and update anomalies. We present patterns that address these issues and describe how to integrate the application-specific business object models of various external systems into a consistent process-driven and service-oriented architecture.