gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PFC units sizing in steel factory harmonics environment: a case study (2007)

This paper deals with PFC units design related problems in case of installation in harmonics rich environments: in particular the paper contains an overview of sizing approach used in a real case of PFC units design for installation in a steel factory where new PFC units installation has been necessary after a fault with catastrophic consequences for the existing ones. The document contains a report on stresses calculation on PFC units due to harmonic currents generated by non linear loads installed in the above mentioned plant. Plant load, estimated to be around 80 MVA, is formed by a big amount of small loads fed by power converters: this is a big disturbance source for the installation in terms of harmonic content. In particular, due to the usual lack of real harmonics contents data availability, main issue has been the process of definition of a generic harmonic distortion for installed loads, based on power converters installed and literature available data on power converters spectra and its on field verification for PFC optimal design, with three measurement campaigns aiming to verify real harmonic distortion and series and parallel resonance risk. This kind of problem is really actual and, most of all, is constantly growing also in other industries, not only in steel factories where harmonics content has always been a key problem. Now, due to the continuous increase of power converter usage and equipment power consumption, and mostly to the increase of equipment disturbances sensitiveness, to avoid potentially tragic faults, a deep measurement campaign is the key solution at PFC units design stage, also considering the usual lack of data on installation harmonic distortion. The experience described in this paper constitutes the first detailed example of on-field verification of harmonic disturbances effects on two 8.4 Mvar, 13 kV PFC units in a harmonics critical environment aiming first of all at a detailed fault analysis (referred to pre-existent PFC units) and then to a correct new unit design. In the paper the different design stages and related issues are described, including: installation network analysis, load analysis, harmonic distortion evaluation, PFC units stresses analysis, PFC units sizing, on field stresses verification. This work highlights the strong need for deep measurements campaigns in harmonics rich industrial environment as the only way, in addition to a correct distortion pre-analysis aiming to a careful PFC design strategy to prevent potentially catastrophic faults.
Toward a Genetically-anchored Physical Map of theCotton Genomes (2002)

We are using a high-density(1-cM)molecularmap of the cotton genome based on RFLP,SSR,and EST markers as a foundation fordevelopment of a robust BAC-based physicalmap.The ’overgo’approach is providing anefficient means by which to accomplishhybridization-based anchoring of genetically-
Intestinal fibrosis (2017)

Improved understanding of its mechanisms and ongoing development of clinical trial endpoints for intestinal fibrosis will allow the testing of novel antifibrotic compounds in IBD.
HPLC Method for 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Measurement: Comparison with Contemporary Assays (2006)

The new HPLC method is reliable, robust, and has advantages compared with the Nichols Advantage CPBA and the Diasorin RIA. The Nichols Advantage CPBA overestimated or underestimated 25(OH)D concentrations predicated on the prevailing metabolite present in patients' sera.
Infectious Disease Forecasting for Public Health (2020)

Abstract Forecasting transmission of infectious diseases, especially for vector-borne diseases, poses unique challenges for researchers. Behaviors of and interactions between viruses, vectors, hosts, and the environment each play a part in determining the transmission of a disease. Public health surveillance systems and other sources provide valuable data that can be used to accurately forecast disease incidence. However, many aspects of common infectious disease surveillance data are imperfect: cases may be reported with a delay or in some cases not at all, data on vectors may not be available, and case data may not be available at high geographical or temporal resolution. In the face of these challenges, researchers must make assumptions to either account for these underlying processes in a mechanistic model or to justify their exclusion altogether in a statistical model.
A novel embryonic stem cell line derived from the common marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus) exhibiting germ cell-like characteristics (2009)

The cjes001 cells represent a new pluripotent ESC line with evidence for enhanced spontaneous differentiation potential into germ cells. This cjes001 line will be very valuable for comparative studies on primate ESC biology.
Generative Adversarial Networks with Inverse Transformation Unit (2017)

In this paper we introduce a new structure to Generative Adversarial Networks by adding an inverse transformation unit behind the generator. We present two theorems to claim the convergence of the model, and two conjectures to nonideal situations when the transformation is not bijection. A general survey on models with different transformations was done on the MNIST dataset and the Fashion-MNIST dataset, which shows the transformation does not necessarily need to be bijection. Also, with certain transformations that blurs an image, our model successfully learned to sharpen the images and recover blurred images, which was additionally verified by our measurement of sharpness.
Mass Media Techniques to Reduce Smoking Prevalence in Staff Groups (1985)

Alteration of personal habits through the mass media is reported to be difficult and not considered effective for smoking behaviour. Nevertheless, amongst 62 heavy smokers in four workplaces who were followed up for 12 months, the BBC television series, ‘So You Want To Stop Smoking’, helped nine persons to stop smoking, and 25 people to reduce their smoking patterns. The findings are comparable to reports for other long term follow-ups. Although only an estimated 3.4 per cent of smokers chose to take part in the study, the response was similar to reported attendance rates at anti-smoking clinics. As home videocassettes of the series will become available, and BBC Television hope to re-run the series, it seems likely that other staff groups could benefit from encouragement to view the programmes and sustained interest in their efforts to stop smoking.
Stereotaxic instrument for needle biopsy of the mamma (1977)

A stereotaxic instrument is described which facilitates percutaneous needle biopsy of the breast for microscopic diagnosis. The instrument consists of an x-ray tube mounted on a hinged arm, pivoting stand, patient table, compression device with film holder and scale system, coordinate-controlled puncture device with separate stand, biopsy instrument, and calculator. The sampling site can be located at a precision within +/- 1 mm. The instrument can also be used for positioning of metal and dye indicators for guiding surgery and for postoperative identification of excised tumors.
Hot Corrosion Behavior of Graded Thermal Barrier Coatings Formed by Plasma Spraying Process (2003)

Abstract Hot corrosion behavior of Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs) has been studied by comparison between double layer coatings and graded coatings. Two types of oxide ceramics, 8 mass % Y2O3-ZrO2(8YZ) and 2CaOSiO2-15mass% CaOZrO2 (C2S-15 CZ), with a bond coating of NiCrAlY were applied to metallic substrates in this study. After a hot corrosion test by V2O5-Na2SO4 corrosive ashes, hot corrosion behavior of TBC has been investigated by visual inspection, metallography, X-ray diffraction and EPMA. The C2S-15%CZ coating reacted with V2O5 only where it was in direct contact with the material. The affected area from the reaction was limited to the coating surface where V2O5 existed. The coating showed adequate hot corrosion-resistance. It was found on the 8YZ coating that Y2O3, the stabilizing component, particularly reacts with V2O5 and loses its function; this led to partial spalling of the coating. It was observed that the durability of the double layer TBC was largely influenced by the performance of a corrosion resistant NiCrAlY undercoat which provided protection against corrosive components penetrating through the ceramic topcoat. It was observed that the graded coating degraded due to oxidation of NiCrAlY particles which independently existed near the coating surface and affected the durability of TBC.
Development of an Assortment Planning Model for Fashion Sensitive Products (1999)

The purpose of this research is to develop an established assortment-planning model identifying procedures and activities for women's wear retail buyers. This research built three assortment-planning models: (a) a conceptual moddel based on a secondary data analysis, (b) a practical-use model based on interviews using questionnaire and a set of activity cards, (c) the suggested model based on the conncetion analysis of the previous two models. Integrated DEFinition (IDEF) Functional modeling method was used to describe procedures and variables of functional activities of assortment planning and to increase the consistency of a model developing process. The variables of functional activities were determined as input, mechanism, constraint, connection, and output based on IDEF0 diagram format. Other research and pilot interviews confirmed the reliability of methodology. Experts and interviewees validated the three models. The abstract level of the suggested assortment-planning model included following concepts: (a) problem recognition, (b) information search, (c) qualitative evaluation, (d) quantitative evaluation, (e) product selection plan, and (f) plan sales.
Impaired mucosal immune responses in interleukin 4-targeted mice. (1995)

Interleukin 4-targeted (IL-4-/-) mice are defective in T helper (Th)2 cytokine production as determined after nematode infection. As Th2 cells appear to be selectively induced by oral immunization we investigated the ability of IL-4-/- mice to respond to perorally administered antigen. We found that IL-4-/- mice failed to respond to soluble protein antigens given perorally together with cholera toxin (CT) as a mucosal adjuvant. In contrast to wild-type mice no or poor anti-keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) or anti-ovalbumin (OVA) B cell responses were observed in gut lamina propria, spleen, or serum of IL-4-/- mice after oral immunization. In addition, mucosal immunization failed to stimulate antigen-specific T cell responses in these mice. The lack of responsiveness was specific for mucosal administration of antigen and was not seen after intravenous injections with antigen and CT-adjuvant. The systemic adjuvant effect of CT was not impaired in IL-4-/- mice as evidenced by the strong enhancement of anti-KLH responses after intravenous immunization with KLH plus CT as opposed to KLH alone. However, CT as an immunogen, in contrast to KLH or OVA, stimulated significant mucosal and systemic immune responses in IL-4-/- mice after oral immunization. Both serum and intestinal IgA anti-CT antibodies were demonstrable in IL-4-/- mice as well as in wild-type mice. Total IgA levels in gut lavage and in serum of immunized IL-4-/- mice were of similar magnitude as in wild-type mice, suggesting that the ability of naive B cells to undergo isotype switch-differentiation from IgM to IgA in IL-4-/- mice did not appear to be impaired. Immunohistochemical analysis of Peyer's patches demonstrated a complete inability to form germinal centers in IL-4-/- mice in contrast to wild-type mice. Our data suggest that IL-4-/- mice are unable to respond to oral/mucosal immunization due to a failure to stimulate antigen-specific cells required to induce germinal center reactions in the Peyer's patches. Our findings demonstrate that IL-4 and probably functional Th2 cells are required for induction of gut mucosal antibody responses.
融合新聞室工作者的衝突與協商：以《報導者》、《READr》及《沃草》為例 (2020)

近年來，閱聽眾閱讀習慣轉變，傳統媒體工作者因而紛紛轉進網路平台創辦新媒體。然而傳統媒體工作者在碰上擁有產製數位新聞專題所需技能的工作者後，雙方在融合新聞室場域會面臨慣習衝突與文化資本競爭。
 本研究運用深度訪談法訪談新聞室組織架構不同的三家媒體，以及其中曾參與數位專題產製的十五名不同技能工作者後，援引Bourdieu場域理論作為分析架構，以產製數位專題過程中曾發生的衝突案例說明：工作者如何運用自身文化資本爭取產製資源與話語權；而在衝突過後，融合新聞室會依自身組織架構、成員組成的差異，發展不同互動模式以兼顧產製協力順暢與成員自主性。
 本研究發現，出身傳統媒體的文字工作者與初次到媒體工作的新技能工作者對「時效性」的認知差異，是不同技能工作者最常發生衝突的原因。文字工作者運用新聞專業作為資本，而攝影、設計、工程師是以視覺設計、呈現技術為資本，PM則以規劃、協調能力為資本。
 本研究認為，為使不同專業工作者在產製過程溝通順暢，融合新聞室應設立PM一職，PM具備多種產製技能，作為文字與非文字工作者的溝通橋樑。PM以企劃數位專題的文化資本平衡各工作者產製權力，使得傳統新聞室缺乏話語權的攝影、設計及不具新聞室經驗的工程師能與文字工作者對等發聲。
 時至今日，媒體業界的數位專題產製機制從組織架構、工作者組成、產製流程皆仍持續變動中。因此，本研究認為，上述結果對於有志進行數位專題產製的媒體從業人員及新聞室管理者實務應用上具有參考價值。
Morphogenesis of bacteriophage phi 29 of Bacillus subtilis: preliminary isolation and characterization of intermediate particles of the assembly pathway (1976)

Three classes of particles have been identified in restrictive phi 29 suppressor-sensitive (sus) mutant infections of Bacillus subtilis, including DNA-containing heads or phage, prohead, and empty heads. Pulse-chase labeling experiments indicate that the prohead, the first particle assembled in 14-infected cells, is converted to DNA-filled heads and phi 29. In addition to the proteins Hd, P10, and F found in mature phi 29, the prohead contains a "core" protein P7 that exits as the prohead matures and appears to recycle during subsequent rounds of prohead assembly. Prohead-like structures accumulate in UV-irradiated cells and are present in restrictive infections with sus mutants of cistrons 9 and 16. Empty heads are observed only when infection results in the formation of DNA-containing particles; this and other evidence indicates that the empty heads are probably not true intermediates. Phage phi 29 assembly apparently occurs by a single pathway in which neck and tail components interact to stabilize the completed DNA-containing head.
Electromigration properties of copper-zirconium alloy interconnects (1998)

Highly reliable interconnects for reducing electromigration failure were demonstrated using a Cu-Zr alloy. The Cu-Zr alloy separates into Cu and precipitates containing Cu-Zr compounds after annealing at 500 °C. The precipitates were observed at grain boundaries and interfaces between the Cu-Zr alloy and surrounding materials. Consequently, because the precipitates prevent the diffusion of Cu, the electromigration lifetimes of the Cu-Zr interconnects are 10 to 100 times longer than those of Cu interconnects. Moreover, the resistivity of the CuZr alloy after precipitation annealing is about 2 μΩ cm because the Zr concentration in the grain interior is below the detection limit of energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometry. Therefore, the Cu-Zr interconnects are suitable for future use in logic devices that will be operated at current densities higher than 1 MA/cm2 and at temperatures higher than 100 °C.
NATURAL CONVECTIVE AIR COOLING OF THE PCBs ARRAY IN A CLOSED CASING (2023)

An experimental investigation was carried out to study the natural convective air cooling of the printed-circuit-boards (PCBs) array which was set up vertically in a closed casing. The results show that there exists an unstable thermal boundary layer on the top wall, which brings about vortex flow and temperature oscillation in the casing. Because of the thermal instability the air circulation in the casing is unsteady. Time-varying recirculation presents in the PCBs array. Experimental results were correlated in the form of <i>Nu = f(Ra,r)</i> with Rayleigh-number ranging from 10<sup>2</sup> to 10<sup>5</sup> at <i>Pr</i> = 0.71.
Molecular and cellular biology of gene therapy (1998)

Le symposium sur la biologie moleculaire et cellulaire de la therapie genique s'est tenu a Keystone (Colorado) du 19 au 25 janvier 1998. Organise par Elizabeth Nabel et Inder Verma, il a reuni pres de 400 personnes. Le public uvrant dans des structures de recherche academique ou industrielle a pu faire un tour d'horizon des differents systemes [...]
Interferon-armed RBD dimer enhances the immunogenicity of RBD for sterilizing immunity against SARS-CoV-2 (2021)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a global crisis, urgently necessitating the development of safe, efficacious, convenient-to-store, and low-cost vaccine options. A major challenge is that the receptor-binding domain (RBD)-only vaccine fails to trigger long-lasting protective immunity if used alone for vaccination. To enhance antigen processing and cross-presentation in draining lymph nodes (DLNs), we developed an interferon (IFN)-armed RBD dimerized by an immunoglobulin fragment (I-R-F). I-R-F efficiently directs immunity against RBD to DLNs. A low dose of I-R-F induces not only high titers of long-lasting neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) but also more comprehensive T cell responses than RBD. Notably, I-R-F provides comprehensive protection in the form of a one-dose vaccine without an adjuvant. Our study shows that the pan-epitope modified human I-R-F (I-P-R-F) vaccine provides rapid and complete protection throughout the upper and lower respiratory tracts against a high-dose SARS-CoV-2 challenge in rhesus macaques. Based on these promising results, we have initiated a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase I/II trial of the human I-P-R-F vaccine (V-01) in 180 healthy adults, and the vaccine appears safe and elicits strong antiviral immune responses. Due to its potency and safety, this engineered vaccine may become a next-generation vaccine candidate in the global effort to overcome COVID-19.
Hierarchic shape description via singularity and multiscaling (2002)

We introduce a new concept of ridges, ravines and related structures (skeletons) associated with surfaces in three-dimensional space that generalizes the medial axis transformation approach. The concept is based on singularity theory and involves both local and global geometric properties of the surface; it is invariant with respect to translations and rotations of the surface. It leads to a method of hierarchic description of surfaces that yields new approaches to shape coding, rendering and design. The extraction of the features is based on differential geometry of surfaces with consequent segregation via multiscale analysis. Terrain feature recognition, dental shape reconstruction and medical imagery are a partial list of applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
First trimester PTX3 levels in women who subsequently develop preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction (2009)

Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured in the first trimester of pregnancy in women who subsequently developed preeclampsia (PE, n=16) and fetal growth restriction (FGR, n=12) requiring iatrogenic delivery before 37 weeks, and those who had uncomplicated pregnancies delivering at term (n=60). Mean PTX3 levels were significantly higher in women who subsequently developed PE (7.31 ng/ml, SD = 4.12) when compared to those with normal pregnancy outcome (4.92 ng/ml, SD = 1.94, p=0.0046). There were no significant differences between PTX3 levels in women with FGR (4.82 ng/ml, SD = 2.35) compared to normal pregnancy outcome (p=0.88). The median CRP levels did not vary significantly between the three groups (p=0.26). PTX3 levels in women who subsequently develop PE are already elevated in the first trimester, but not in those that develop FGR. This supports the hypothesis of an excessive maternal inflammatory response to pregnancy in the etiology of PE.
Convolutional Neural Networks for Page Segmentation of Historical Document Images (2017)

This paper presents a page segmentation method for handwritten historical document images based on a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). We consider page segmentation as a pixel labeling problem, i.e., each pixel is classified as one of the predefined classes. Traditional methods in this area rely on hand-crafted features carefully tuned considering prior knowledge. In contrast, we propose to learn features from raw image pixels using a CNN. While many researchers focus on developing deep CNN architectures to solve different problems, we train a simple CNN with only one convolution layer. We show that the simple architecture achieves competitive results against other deep architectures on different public datasets. Experiments also demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method compared to previous methods.
Synchronization of Liénard-type oscillators in uniform electrical networks (2016)

This paper presents a condition for global asymptotic synchronization of Liénard-type nonlinear oscillators in uniform LTI electrical networks with series R-L circuits modeling interconnections. By uniform electrical networks, we mean that the per-unit-length impedances are identical for the interconnecting lines. We derive conditions for global asymptotic synchronization for a particular feedback architecture where the derivative of the oscillator output current supplements the innate current feedback induced by simply interconnecting the oscillator to the network. Our proof leverages a coordinate transformation to a set of differential coordinates that emphasizes signal differences and the particular form of feedback permits the formulation of a quadratic Lyapunov function for this class of networks. This approach is particularly interesting since synchronization conditions are difficult to obtain by means of quadratic Lyapunov functions when only current feedback is used and for networks composed of series R-L circuits. Our synchronization condition depends on the algebraic connectivity of the underlying network, and reiterates the conventional wisdom from Lyapunov- and passivity-based arguments that strong coupling is required to ensure synchronization.
Geometry modification effects on a junction vortex flow (1987)

The effects of geometry modifications on some properties of time-resolved flow measurements on the upstream symmetry plane of a junction vortex region were studied. A single linearized hot-wire was used to characterize the spatial distribution of the fluctuating flow turbulent kinetic energy. The distribution was integrated to give a measure of the turbulent kinetic energy content of the flow region where the largest fluctuations were seen in real-time smoke visualizations. The wire signal was also used for spectral estimations throughout the flow field. Six different cases were considered including a reference case with no geometry changes. The geometry modifications consisted of a large circular wraparound fillet, a small elliptic wraparound fillet, a small circular wraparound fillet, an upstream flow fence and, a large leading-edge triangular fillet. In the smoke visualizations, none of the modifications had any significant effect except the large triangular fillet which resulted in a reduced vortex structure. The large triangular fillet also appeared to be the most effective in significantly reducing the integrated turbulent kinetic energy. With regard to the turbulent kinetic energy, the elliptic wraparound fillet had an insignificant effect while the large and small wraparound fillets and the vortex generator fence had adverse effects. The spectra obtained over the flow field suggest that the upstream turbulent boundary layer was the driving force behind the junction vortex time-variant behavior. An examination of the low frequency end of the spectra suggests a weak local peak at about 11 Hz for the flow between the upstream separation point and the average vortex center.