gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Sliding Window Discrete Fourier Transform (2019)

The discrete Fourier transform (DFT) is a widely used tool across science and engineering. Nevertheless, the DFT assumes that the frequency characteristics of a signal remain constant over time, and is unable to detect local changes. Researchers beginning with Gabor (1946) addressed this shortcoming by inventing methods to obtain time-frequency representations, and this thesis focuses on one such method: the Sliding Window Discrete Fourier Transform (SWDFT). Whereas the DFT operates on an entire signal, the SWDFT takes an ordered sequence of smaller DFTs on contiguous subsets of a signal. The SWDFT is a fundamental tool in time-frequency analysis, and is used in a variety of applications, such as spectrogram estimation, image enhancement, neural networks, and more. This thesis studies the SWDFT from three perspectives: algorithmic, statistical, and applied. Algorithmically, we introduce the Tree SWDFT algorithm, and extend it to arbitrary dimensions. Statistically, we<br>derive the marginal distribution and covariance structure of SWDFT coefficients for white noise signals, which allows us to characterize the SWDFT coefficients as a Gaussian process with a known covariance. We also propose a localized version of cosine regression, and show that the approximate maximum likelihood estimate of the frequency parameter in this model is the maximum SWDFT coefficient over all possible window sizes. From an applied perspective, we introduce a new algorithm to decompose signals with multiple non-stationary periodic components, called matching demodulation. We demonstrate the utility of matching demodulation in an analysis of local field potential recordings from a neuroscience experiment.
Intraocular pressure measurement in patients with instrastromal corneal ring segments. (1999)

Consistent intraocular pressure measurements on eyes with the ICRS can be obtained with the Goldmann applanation tonometer over the central corneal area or with the Tono-Pen tonometer over the central or paracentral corneal areas.
Measuring microvibrations by heterodyne speckle interferometry (1981)

In-plane as well as out-of-plane displacements and vibrations of objects with diffusely scattering surfaces are measured in real time. Microvibrations with amplitudes down to 1 nm and frequencies up to 5 MHz were analyzed at a spatial resolution of 35microm.
Microwave-Driven Synthesis of Iron-Oxide Nanoparticles for Molecular Imaging (2019)

Here, we present a comprehensive review on the use of microwave chemistry for the synthesis of iron-oxide nanoparticles focused on molecular imaging. We provide a brief introduction on molecular imaging, the applications of iron oxide in biomedicine, and traditional methods for the synthesis of these nanoparticles. The review then focuses on the different examples published where the use of microwaves is key for the production of nanoparticles. We study how the different parameters modulate nanoparticle properties, particularly for imaging applications. Finally, we explore principal applications in imaging of microwave-produced iron-oxide nanoparticles.
Report of the Electrolytic Industries for the Year 1997 (1998)

This report, sponsored by the Industrial Electrolysis and Electrochemical Engineering Division of The Electrochemical Society, summarizes published information on production, plant capacities, consumption, demand, trends, prices, raw materials, new technology, and environmental issues in the electrolytic and related industries. The material presented in this report was obtained from many sources and does not necessarily represent the opinion of the authors or their employers.
Molecular self-assembly of liquid crystalline side-chain polymers through intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Polymeric complexes built from a polyacrylate and stilbazoles (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular self-assembly of liquid crystalline side-chain polymers through intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Polymeric complexes built from a polyacrylate and stilbazolesTakashi Kato, Hideyuki Kihara, Toshiyuki Uryu, Akira Fujishima, and Jean M. J. FrechetCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 25, 6836–6841Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00051a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00051a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1106Altmetric-Citations174LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Free Form Fabrication of Metallic Components Using Laser Engineered Net Shaping (Lens) (2018)

Solid free form fabrication is one ofthe fastest growing automated manufacturing\ntechnologies that has significantly impacted the length oftime between initial concept and actual\npart fabrication1\n2. Starting with CAD renditions of new components, several techniques such as\nstereolithography3 and selective laser sintering4\nare being used to fabricate highly accurate\ncomplex three-dimensional concept models using polymeric materials. Coupled with investment\ncasting techniques, sacrificial polymeric objects are used to minimize costs and time to fabricate\ntooling used to make complex metal castings5\n•\nThis paper will describe recent developments in a new technology, known as LENSTM (Laser\nEngineered Net Shaping)6 7 8 9, to fabricate metal components directly from CAD solid models\nand thus further reduce the lead times for metal part fabrication. In a manner analogous to\nstereolithography or selective sintering, the LENSTM process builds metal parts line by line and\nlayer by layer. Metal particles are injected into a laser beam, where they are melted and\ndeposited onto a substrate as a miniature weld pool. The trace ofthe laser beam on the substrate\nis driven by the definition ofCAD models until the desired net-shaped densified metal\ncomponent is produced.
Gravity Spun Polycaprolactone Fibers for Applications in Vascular Tissue Engineering: Proliferation and Function of Human Vascular Endothelial Cells (2006)

Poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers produced by wet spinning from solutions in acetone under lowshear (gravity-flow) conditions resulted in fiber strength of 8 MPa and stiffness of 0.08 Gpa. Cold drawing to an extension of 500% resulted in an increase in fiber strength to 43 MPa and stiffness to 0.3 GPa. The growth rate of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) (seeded at a density of 5 x 10(4) cells/mL) on as-spun fibers was consistently lower than that measured on tissue culture plastic (TCP) beyond day 2. Cell proliferation was similar on gelatin-coated fibers and TCP over 7 days and higher by a factor of 1.9 on 500% cold-drawn PCL fibers relative to TCP up to 4 days. Cell growth on PCL fibers exceeded that on Dacron monofilament by at least a factor of 3.7 at 9 days. Scanning electron microscopy revealed formation of a cell layer on samples of cold-drawn and gelatin-coated fibers after 24 hours in culture. Similar levels of ICAM-1 expression by HUVECs attached to PCL fibers and TCP were measured using RT-PCR and flow cytometry, indicative of low levels of immune activation. Retention of a specific function of HUVECs attached to PCL fibers was demonstrated by measuring their immune response to lipopolysaccharide. Levels of ICAM-1 expression increased by approximately 11% in cells attached to PCL fibers and TCP. The high fiber compliance, favorable endothelial cell proliferation rates, and retention of an important immune response of attached HUVECS support the use of gravity spun PCL fibers for three-dimensional scaffold production in vascular tissue engineering.
A Study of Developing Guide Material based on Analogy and Inquiry-Based Learning Approach: The Unit on “Matter and Change” (2011)

Some methods, techniques and strategies have become more of an issue since approaches to education based on constructivism have been widely accepted. One of these approaches is the inquiry-based learning approach, which is composed of a process where students do research on problems regarding the scientific concepts associated with daily life, where they reach a solution in their studies by building cause and effect relationships and where they construct their information. It is stated that students develop skills such as, inquiry-investigation, estimation, reasoning, building cause and effect relationships, analyzing, interpreting and critical thinking during this process. Analogies are one of the techniques which were stated as particularly effective in gaining problem solving and higher level target behaviors and where students’ similar daily life experiences and previous knowledge were used in teaching the scientific concepts. Defined as analogies by making use of the current knowledge in teaching unknown information, this technique is significant in terms of making the abstract concepts concrete for the students, as well as ensuring permanent learning. In this respect, this study aims at developing guide material for the unit on “matter and change” in the science and technology course grounding in “analogy” and “inquiry-based learning”. The activities in the material developed were prepared using the inquiry-based learning approach; furthermore, the analogy technique was used at different stages of the inquiry cycle for the purpose of embodying the abstract issues existing in the aforesaid unit. The guide material designed for the study consist of five different topics for three different learning levels, i.e. primary school 6th, 7th and 8th grades. The material is thought to be helpful in terms of providing activity ideas for the “matter and change” unit and analogy and inquiry-based learning approach for researchers, teachers and teacher candidates eager to study such topics.
Evidence-based policy: health technology assessment, systematic reviews and NZHTA (1999)

The authors discuss why health technology assessment is important, the key methodology of systematic review in the assessment process and the work of the unit undertaking this work in New Zealand. (non-author abstract)
Molecular Engineering of the <i>Autographa californica</i> Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus Genome: Deletion Mutations Within the Polyhedrin Gene (1983)

We describe a method to introduce site-specific mutations into the genome of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. Specifically, the A. californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus gene for polyhedrin, the major protein that forms viral occlusions in infected cells, was mutagenized by introducing deletions into the cloned DNA fragment containing the gene. The mutagenized polyhedrin gene was transferred to the intact viral DNA by mixing fragment and viral DNAs, cotransfecting Spodoptera frugiperda cells, and screening for viral recombinants that had undergone allelic exchange. Recombinant viruses with mutant polyhedrin genes were obtained by selecting the progeny virus that did not produce viral occlusions in infected cells (occlusion-negative mutants). Analyses of occlusion-negative mutants demonstrated that the polyhedrin gene was not essential for the production of infectious virus and that deletion of certain sequences within the gene did not alter the control, or decrease the level of expression, of polyhedrin. An early viral protein of 25,000 molecular weight was apparently not essential for virus replication in vitro, as the synthesis of this protein was not detected in cells infected with a mutant virus.
An analysis of incident information transmission performance using an IVC system that assigns PN codes to the locations on the road (2004)

Incident information transmission using an IVC (Inter-Vehicle Communication) system is one of the most important features in ITS in order to increase safety and efficiency of road traffic. In IVC systems that use a spread spectrum communication (SS) scheme, it is necessary for each vehicle to know the PN code used to receive information and more than two equivalent PN codes must not be used in one communication area to avoid interference. Therefore, an appropriate scheme to assign a PN code to each communication under limited number of available PN codes. Especially it is necessary to assign PN codes efficiently to transmit incident information because it is very important for safety and many information transmissions are expected under an incident situation. Performance of incident information transmission based on the IVC system that assigns a PN code used by each vehicle to the absolute location on the road is analyzed. As the result of computer simulations, good performance is confirmed.
Autologous stem cell transplantation for HIV-associated lymphoma (2001)

Is peripheral stem cell mobilization followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) feasible in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)- associated lymphoma (HIV-L)? Studies have demonstrated that, in the HIV- negative (HIV(-)) setting, ASCT may improve lymphoma-free survival in high-risk non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) or relapsed Hodgkin disease (HD) and NHL. Given the poor prognosis of HIV-L with conventional chemotherapy, this dose-intensive approach was explored. Nine patients with HIV-HD or NHL mobilized a median of 10.6 x 10(6) CD34(+) cells/kg and engrafted after ASCT. CD4 counts recovered to pretransplantation levels and HIV viral loads were controlled in patients compliant with antiretroviral therapy. Seven of 9 patients remain in remission from their lymphoma at a median of 19 months after transplantation. Thus, patients with HIV-L on antiretroviral therapy can engraft following ASCT. Prolonged lymphoma remissions, without significant compromise of immune function, can be seen, suggesting that ASCT can be used in selected patients with HIV-L.
Lack of Exercise Is a Major Cause of Chronic Diseases (2012)

Chronic diseases are major killers in the modern era. Physical inactivity is a primary cause of most chronic diseases. The initial third of the article considers: activity and prevention definitions; historical evidence showing physical inactivity is detrimental to health and normal organ functional capacities; cause versus treatment; physical activity and inactivity mechanisms differ; gene-environment interaction (including aerobic training adaptations, personalized medicine, and co-twin physical activity); and specificity of adaptations to type of training. Next, physical activity/exercise is examined as primary prevention against 35 chronic conditions [accelerated biological aging/premature death, low cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max), sarcopenia, metabolic syndrome, obesity, insulin resistance, prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, coronary heart disease, peripheral artery disease, hypertension, stroke, congestive heart failure, endothelial dysfunction, arterial dyslipidemia, hemostasis, deep vein thrombosis, cognitive dysfunction, depression and anxiety, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, balance, bone fracture/falls, rheumatoid arthritis, colon cancer, breast cancer, endometrial cancer, gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia, polycystic ovary syndrome, erectile dysfunction, pain, diverticulitis, constipation, and gallbladder diseases]. The article ends with consideration of deterioration of risk factors in longer-term sedentary groups; clinical consequences of inactive childhood/adolescence; and public policy. In summary, the body rapidly maladapts to insufficient physical activity, and if continued, results in substantial decreases in both total and quality years of life. Taken together, conclusive evidence exists that physical inactivity is one important cause of most chronic diseases. In addition, physical activity primarily prevents, or delays, chronic diseases, implying that chronic disease need not be an inevitable outcome during life.
Growth Characteristics of and Virulence Factor Production by Group A <i>Streptococcus</i> during Cultivation in Human Saliva (2005)

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) commonly infects the human oropharynx, but the initial molecular events governing this process are poorly understood. Saliva is a major component of the innate and acquired immune defense in this anatomic site. Although landmark studies were done more than 60 years ago, investigation of GAS-saliva interaction has not been addressed extensively in recent years. Serotype M1 GAS strain MGAS5005 cultured in human saliva grew to approximately 10(7) CFU/ml and, remarkably, maintained this density for up to 28 days. Strains of several other M-protein serotypes had similar initial growth patterns but did not maintain as high a CFU count during prolonged culture. As revealed by analysis of the growth of isogenic mutant strains, the ability of GAS to maintain high numbers of CFU/ml during the prolonged stationary phase in saliva was dependent on production of streptococcal inhibitor of complement (Sic) and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (SpeB). During cultivation in human saliva, GAS had growth-phase-dependent production of multiple proven and putative extracellular virulence factors, including Sic, SpeB, streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A, Mac protein, and streptococcal phospholipase A(2). Our results clearly show that GAS responds in a complex fashion to growth in human saliva, suggesting that the molecular processes that enhance colonization and survival in the upper respiratory tract of humans are well under way before the organism reaches the epithelial cell surface.
<i>In vitro</i>fertilization and wide hybridization in higher plants (1990)

The present paper contains a review of methods which can be applied for obtaining embryos and plants after in vitro self- and cross-pollination of pistils and ovules. Information is given concerning the newest achievements in this field of experimental embryology
Diethylaluminum chloride-amine complex mediated aminolysis of activated cyclopropanes (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiethylaluminum chloride-amine complex mediated aminolysis of activated cyclopropanesLouis A. Blanchard and Josef A. SchneiderCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 8, 1372–1374Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00358a045https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00358a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views552Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis and Characterization of Hierarchical Porous Gold Materials (2007)

A method to prepare hierarchical porous gold monoliths was developed. Cast hollow Au/Ag spheres, templated by polystyrene beads, were dealloyed to prepare hollow nanoporous shells, and robust gold monoliths with 2% relative density were readily achieved.
3-D elastic prestack, reverse-time depth migration (1994)

Abstract By combining and extending previous algorithms for 2-D prestack elastic migration and 3-D prestack acoustic migration, a full 3-D elastic prestack depth migration algorithm is developed. Reverse-time extrapolation of the recorded data is by 3-D elastic finite differences; computation of the image time for each point in the 3-D volume is by 3-D acoustic finite differences. The algorithm operates on three-component, vector-wavefield common-source data and produces three-component vector reflectivity distributions. Converted P-to-S reflections are automatically imaged with the primary P-wave reflections. There are no dip restrictions as the full wave equation is used. The algorithm is illustrated by application to synthetic data from three models; a flat reflector, a dipping truncated wedge overlying a flat reflector, and the classical French double dome and fault model.
Replication Protein A Confers Structure-specific Endonuclease Activities to the XPF-ERCC1 and XPG Subunits of Human DNA Repair Excision Nuclease (1996)

XPF-ERCC1 and XPG proteins are nucleases that are involved in human nucleotide excision repair. In this study, we characterized the structure-specific junction-cutting activities of both nucleases using DNA substrates containing a bubble or loop structure. We found that the junction-cutting activities of XPF-ERCC1 and XPG were greatly stimulated by human replication protein A (RPA), while heterologous single-stranded DNA-binding proteins could not substitute for human RPA. To test for specific interaction between RPA and XPF-ERCC1 as is known to occur between RPA and XPG, we employed a pull-down assay with immobilized "bubble" substrate. We found that the binding of XPF-ERCC1 complex to the bubble substrate was enhanced by RPA, suggesting a possible mechanism for RPA in the excision nuclease system, that is the targeting of the nuclease subunits to their specific sites of action. Furthermore, the RPA-promoted junction cutting by XPF-ERCC1 and XPG nucleases was observed with "loop" substrates as well, raising the possibility that XPF-ERCC1, XPG, and RPA may function in removing loop structures from DNA, independent of the other subunits of the human excinuclease.
CYBEST model 3 automated cytologic screening system for uterine cancer utilizing image analysis processing. (1982)

The improvements incorporated into the Model 3 version of CYBEST (Cyto-Biological Electronic Screening System) are highlighted. Following the successful development of a software-controlled automatic shading for a video system, the new Model 3 CYBEST contains a televisions scan system with a single-step, fine-resolution scan and strobe-light illumination in place of the two-step (coarse and fine) scan of Model 2. The automatic shading control is described in detail, as is the automated focusing system, which uses a touch-sensor to achieve a near-focus level and a differential adding algorithm to obtain exact focus. Improvements in the slide magazine and slide autochanger have quadrupled the number of slides that may be loaded into the machine at one time while increasing the speed of operation. CYBEST Model 3 has achieved our goal of rapid processing, requiring less than three minutes per specimen for final assessment as compared with the six minutes per specimen of Model 2. Field tests of Model 3 are currently under way, with a large number of smears prepared by our automated cell dispersion and monolayer smearing device (CYBEST-CDMS).