gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Free‐radical polymerization upon near‐infrared light irradiation, merging photochemical and photothermal initiating methods (2020)

ABSTRACT Polymerization of (meth)acrylate resins upon near‐infrared (NIR) light remains a huge challenge. In this study, a new photoinduced method of polymerization of methacrylic monomers is presented, originally merging a photochemical and a photothermal pathway. A four‐component system is proposed comprising an NIR dye combined with an iodonium salt, a phosphine, and a thermal initiator. A selection of dyes is suggested regarding electron transfer properties and/or light‐to‐heat conversion abilities. Several thermal initiators are studied: an alkoxyamine (BlocBuilder MA), an azo derivative, and a peroxide. For the first time, an NIR absorbing dye is used in photopolymerization using both its capacities of light‐to‐heat conversion and its ability to initiate an electron transfer reaction. Three wavelengths of irradiation will be presented here: 785, 940, and 1064 nm. These long wavelengths are challenging because the energy of photons is extremely low but these wavelengths offer significant advantages in term of light penetration (e.g., for the access to composites through photopolymerization processes). The different systems presented here exhibit high and rapid conversions of methacrylate functions. The underlying chemical mechanism will be fully depicted by real‐time Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermal imaging measurements. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 58 , 300–308
The upstream stimulatory factor functionally interacts with the Alzheimer amyloid β-protein precursor gene (1995)

The amyloid beta-protein precursor (APP) gives rise to the A beta peptide, which is deposited in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome. Overexpression of APP due to a third copy of the gene appears to correlate with very early onset of Alzheimer's disease neuropathology in the brains of Down's syndrome patients. Thus, the identification of the factors involved with transcriptional regulation of the APP gene could provide critical clues regarding the events leading to the formation of amyloid deposits. An overlapping AP-1/AP-4 site in the proximal promoter region (-39 to -49) of the human APP gene has previously been shown to increase transcription 4-fold. Here we identify the factor binding specifically to this element as the upstream stimulatory factor USF, unrelated to the c-fos/c-jun complex or the AP-4 factor. In vitro transcription and co-transfection studies show that USF activates transcription from the APP promoter and that the AP-1/AP-4 element participates in this activation. Modulation of APP expression via regulation of USF could potentially ameliorate the production of Alzheimer-augmented beta-amyloid.
CdTe solar cells with iron pyrite thin film back contacts fabricated by a hybrid sputtering/co-evaporation process (2016)

We report the properties of sputtered/co-evaporated thin film iron pyrite as the back contact interface layer of CdS/CdTe solar cells. In our study we have compared the performance of sputter-deposited CdTe devices which utilized either a Cu/Au contact, or an FeS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /Cu/Au contact. Comparing our best devices of each type, the FeS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> contact layer has improved the V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OC</sub> by ~16 mV, to 816 mV, and improved the FF by ~4.7% absolute to 73.7%, with respect to devices omitting the FeS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> layer. Under Standard Test Conditions of 100 mW/cm and 25 °C, devices utilizing the FeS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> back contact have shown a relative increase in the power conversion efficiency by ~7.5%, with a best device efficiency of 12.9%.
H<sup>2</sup>N4: Packet forwarding on hierarchical hash-based names for content centric networks (2015)

In this paper, we propose a novel solution to scalable forwarding problem in content centric networks (CCN) that relies on the use of hash-based content names for packet forwarding. Proposed approach continues the hierarchical naming format of CCN by converting human readable name prefixes to their hashbased counterparts to enable faster packet processing at the content routers, with additional proposed modifications at the edges to support hash-based forwarding. We present an in-depth study of the proposed architecture using numerical analysis that rely on actual datasets and realistic performance measures. Our results suggest significant improvements in storage requirements and processing overhead with the proposed architecture to support higher line rates and more efficient resource usage in the network.
326. Improving CRISPR-Cas9 Precision Through Directly or Indirectly Tethered DNA-Binding Domains (2016)

Type II CRISPR-Cas9 systems provide a robust and versatile platform to study gene function in complex genomes, but the standard CRISPR-Cas9 system is sub-optimal for many clinical-level genome editing applications due to insufficient precision. To establish a Cas9-based system that will cut at only a single site within a genome, we have developed an attenuated CRISPR-Cas9 platform fused to a programmable DNA-binding domain. This combination adds an extra specificity determinant to the engagement of a DNA sequence prior to cleavage. The appended DNA-binding domain increases the design density of Cas9 target sites and provides dramatically improved on- vs off-target selectivity as assessed by targeted deep sequencing based on GUIDE-seq analysis. In addition, the DNA-binding domain provides a tunable system that can be used to eliminate residual off-target activity to increase the precision of our nuclease system. We have extended the functionality of this platform through the incorporation of drug-dependent dimerization domains that facilitate the temporal control of gene editing via the presence of a small molecule. This novel platform has the potential to generate regulatable site-specific nucleases with single-site precision for targeted-genome editing, bringing programmable nuclease technology one step closer toward the ultimate goal of facilitating gene therapy-based therapeutics for a multitude of diseases.
ChemInform Abstract: Self‐Assembled Porphyrin Nanostructures (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Interferometric fringe analysis using a single phase step technique (1988)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Fernando Mendoza Santoyo, David Kerr, and John R. Tyrer, "Interferometric fringe analysis using a single phase step technique," Appl. Opt. 27, 4362_1-4364 (1988) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Immunoglobulin Preparation: Safe from Virus Transmission? (1989)

The incidence of non-A, non-B hepatitis associated with the administration of immunoglobulin preparations, especially intravenous preparations, which had been considered to be free from virus transmission, is reported. Research efforts to improve the safety of intravenous immunoglobulin preparations which could be administered in a large volume must be continued. Adding sorbitol under weakly acidic conditions, heat treatment of IgG at 60 degrees C for 10 h is possible. Intravenous immunoglobulin preparation manufactured by polyethylene glycol fractionation followed by the heat treatment is not only intact, but also much closer to the ideal intravenous immunoglobulin preparation in the safety and stability.
A passive-optical network employing upconverted 16-CAP signals (1996)

In this letter, we present a subcarrier-multiplexed passive-optical network (SCM-PON) which transmits upconverted 16-CAP signals to the curb. Once these RF channels are down-converted to their original 16-CAP format they are capable of being transmitted over unshielded-twisted-pair copper wires (UTP) to the home. This enables a very inexpensive drop to be made from the ONU to the home. A BER<10/sup -9/ over optical fiber has been achieved. This is the first demonstration of upconverted 16-CAP transmission.
Dynamic Modeling of a Piezoelectric Actuated Fuel Injector (2011)

As engine designers look for ways to improve efficiency and reduce emissions, piezoelectric actuated fuel injectors for common rail diesel engines have shown to have improved response characteristics over solenoid actuated injectors and may allow for enhanced control of combustion through multipulse, closely spaced injections or rate shaping. This paper outlines the development of an 11 state simulation model for a piezoelectric fuel injector and associated driver that can be used for injector design and control system verification. Nonmeasureable states of the model are plotted and analyzed, while measurable quantities including injection rate, piezo stack voltage, and piezo stack current are validated against experimental injector rig data for two different rail pressures.
Optimal Power Sharing of an Inverter-Based Autonomous Microgrid (2017)

Stability of the autonomous microgrids while sharing the power between multiple distributed generation (DG) units is an important task. Conventional droop control is usually used for power sharing between DGs. Power sharing coefficients and controller parameters affect the stability of the microgrid. In this paper, to improve the transient dynamic response of the microgrid, a power derivative-integral term is added to the conventional droop control. The design problem is formulated as an optimization problem. The power sharing coefficients and controller parameters are obtained using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) to achieve the microgrid stability based on power error minimization. Nonlinear time domain simulation is executed to investigate the proposed controller effectiveness for different disturbances. Finally the results show satisfactory performance with efficient transient damping characteristics of the autonomous microgrid.
10 μm infrared hot-electron transistors (1990)

A new hot-electron transistor for 10 μm infrared radiation detection is presented and discussed. The device utilizes an infrared sensitive GaAs/AlGaAs multiple quantum well structure as emitter, a wide quantum well as base, and a thick quantum barrier placed in front of the collector as an electron energy high pass filter. The energy filter selectively permits the higher energy photocurrent to pass to the collector; the lower energy dark current is rejected by the filter, and is drained through the base. The device detectivity, as noted by the collector photocurrent measurements, is much enhanced in comparison with companion infrared photoconductive devices.
Usefulness of Immunohistochemical Diagnosis of<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>in Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Specimens Compared With Culture and Gram Stain Techniques (2007)

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most frequent cause of pneumonia and meningitis. Because S pneumoniae can colonize the upper respiratory tract and antibiotic treatment may inhibit growth, culture-based diagnosis can be problematic. An immunohistochemical assay using a polyclonal antibody against pneumococci was used to test formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 46 patients for whom bacterial culture results were available. Samples from 26 patients demonstrated pneumococcal antigens in areas of pneumonia, meningitis, or osteomyelitis or within circulating inflammatory cells. Various specimens from 18 patients grew S pneumoniae, whereas 8 had cultures that grew mixed bacteria or had no growth but were polymerase chain reaction-positive for the S pneumoniae Ity A gene. Pneumococcal antigens were not present in 20 cases (7 grew Streptococcus pyogenes; 9, Staphylococcus aureus; and 4, Haemophilus influenzae). Compared with culture, the immunohistochemical assay showed 100% sensitivity and 71% specificity. Immunohistochemical analysis has the diagnostic advantage of correlating host inflammatory reaction with presence of pneumococci.
Development of a Bedside Wellness System (1998)

This paper describes the development of a system for implementing a new concept that we call "bedside Wellness." The system aims at improving the quality of life for bedridden patients and the elderly. A prototype system intending to reduce stress and facilitate movement was proposed and developed based on a basic study. It provides a virtual walk through a forest by using VR (virtual reality) technology and foot devices installed on the bed. The system was evaluated by an experiment with healthy subjects. The data suggested positive effects of the system; however, points for improvement were also learned. After making some of these improvements, we will begin clinical use of the system.
Distinct neutralizing antibody correlates of protection among related Zika virus vaccines identify a role for antibody quality (2020)

The emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) in the Americas stimulated the development of multiple ZIKV vaccine candidates. We previously developed two related DNA vaccine candidates encoding ZIKV structural proteins that were immunogenic in animal models and humans. We sought to identify neutralizing antibody (NAb) properties induced by each vaccine that correlated with protection in nonhuman primates (NHPs). Despite eliciting equivalent NAb titers in NHPs, these vaccines were not equally protective. The transfer of equivalent titers of vaccine-elicited NAb into AG129 mice also revealed nonequivalent protection, indicating qualitative differences among antibodies (Abs) elicited by these vaccines. Both vaccines elicited Abs with similar binding titers against envelope protein monomers and those incorporated into virus-like particles, as well as a comparable capacity to orchestrate phagocytosis. Functional analysis of vaccine-elicited NAbs from NHPs and humans revealed a capacity to neutralize the structurally mature form of the ZIKV virion that varied in magnitude among vaccine candidates. Conversely, sensitivity to the virion maturation state was not a characteristic of NAbs induced by natural or experimental infection. Passive transfer experiments in mice revealed that neutralization of mature ZIKV virions more accurately predicts protection from ZIKV infection. These findings demonstrate that NAb correlates of protection may differ among vaccine antigens when assayed using standard neutralization platforms and suggest that measurements of Ab quality, including the capacity to neutralize mature virions, will be critical for defining correlates of ZIKV vaccine-induced immunity.
Kinetics of guaiacol deoxygenation using methane over the Pt–Bi catalyst (2016)

Experimental and modeling efforts related to catalytic deoxygenation kinetics of sustainable bio-oil upgrading, using methane as a novel reductant, are reported.
Atovaquone plus proguanil versus halofantrine for the treatment of imported acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in non-immune adults: a randomized comparative trial. (2000)

In endemic zones, the atovaquone-proguanil (AP) combination is well tolerated and effective in treating acute, uncomplicated malaria. Trials involving non-immune patients are lacking, however. We conducted a randomized, multicenter open-label trial to determine the efficacy and tolerability of the AP combination (1,000 mg + 400 mg once daily for 3 days) in comparison with halofantrine (HF) (1,500 mg in 3 doses) in non-immune adults with imported uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Follow-up visits were programmed on Days 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 after hospital discharge. Out of 48 patients enrolled in the study, 41 were assessable for the cure rate (21 in the AP group and 20 in the HF group). All the patients were cured. The mean parasite clearance time was longer (63+/-23 hours) in the AP group than in the HF group (48+/-15 hours) (P = 0.02). The frequency of gastrointestinal adverse events was higher in the AP group. No noteworthy electrocardiographic changes were observed, particularly in the QTc interval. The AP combination appears to be a valuable alternative treatment in non-immune adults.
A Metal-Nitride Nanowire Dual-Photoelectrode Device for Unassisted Solar-to-Hydrogen Conversion under Parallel Illumination (2015)

A dual-photoelectrode device, consisting of a photoanode and photocathode with complementary energy bandgaps, has long been perceived as an ideal scheme for achieving high efficiency, unassisted solar-driven water splitting. Previously reported 2-photon tandem devices, however, generally exhibit an extremely low efficiency (<0.1%), which has been largely limited by the incompatibility between the two photoelectrode materials. Here we show that the use of metal-nitride nanowire photoelectrodes, together with the scheme of parallel illumination by splitting the solar spectrum spatially and spectrally, can break the efficiency bottleneck of conventional 2-photon tandem devices. We have first investigated a dual-photoelectrode device consisting of a GaN nanowire photoanode and an InGaN nanowire photocathode, which exhibited an open circuit potential of 1.3 V and nearly 20-fold enhancement in the power conversion efficiency under visible light illumination (400-600 nm), compared to the individual photoelectrodes in 1 mol/L HBr. We have further demonstrated a dual-photoelectrode device consisting of parallel-connected metal-nitride nanowire photoanodes and a Si/InGaN nanowire photocathode, which can perform unassisted, direct solar-to-hydrogen conversion. A power conversion efficiency of 2% was measured under AM1.5G 1 sun illumination.
Regulation of flowering time: <i>Arabidopsis</i> as a model system to study genes that promote or delay flowering (1995)

The time that plants flower is often tightly regulated and adapted to the locations in which they grow. The basis of this regulation has been analysed using genetic and physiological approaches since the early decades of this century. The study of flowering time in the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana has allowed many genes involved in regulating flowering time to be identified as mutations, and for the genetic interactions between these mutations to have been studied. Furthermore, two genes required to promote flowering of Arabidopsis have recently been isolated, and their sequences have provided some insight into the identity of proteins involved in regulating flowering time.
Compact dual field of view SWIR/MWIR optical system (2011)

This paper discusses the design and development of a dual field of view, all-refractive infrared optical system that images the mid-wave infrared (MWIR) light in one field of view and the short wave infrared (SWIR) light in the narrower second field of view onto the same detector. The narrow field of view images the SWIR radiation at a slow f/number of 10.0, while the wide field of view images the MWIR radiation at f/1.9. The field of view is changed via a single lens that changes its axial position within the lens, resulting in an axial zoom and an overall magnification change of 6X. The change in focal length and f/number at the same time enables an increased focal length without having to increase the aperture size by the ratio of the focal length change. The large field of view change is achieved by both the motion of the lens, and the use of the spectral properties of the materials that change with wavelength. The change in spectral bands is accomplished via the use of a spectral filter wheel.
Autocrine regulation of milk secretion by a protein in milk (1995)

Frequency or completeness of milk removal from the lactating mammary gland regulates the rate of milk secretion by a mechanism which is local, chemical and inhibitory in nature. Screening of goat's milk proteins in rabbit mammary explant cultures identified a single whey protein of M(r) 7600 able to inhibit synthesis of milk constituents. The active whey protein, which we term FIL (Feedback inhibitor of Lactation), also decreased milk secretion temporarily when introduced into a mammary gland of lactating goats. FIL was synthesized by primary cultures of goat mammary epithelial cells, and was secreted vectorially together with other milk proteins. N-terminal amino acid sequencing indicated that it is a hitherto unknown protein. The evidence indicates that local regulation of milk secretion by milk removal is through autocrine feedback inhibition by this milk protein.
Optimal Stress Calculations for Sucker Rod Pumping Systems (2014)

Abstract Preventing stress related failures is an essential part of optimizing your sucker rod pumped well. Tracking the maximum and minimum rod stress along with appropriate pump off control can ensure longer life for the rods and the entire sucker-rod pumping system. Traditionally, stress is only computed at the top of each taper. However, when stress failures occur, they happen in areas of high friction and stress which might not necessarily be near the top of the taper and therefore undetectable through traditional stress computations. The Modified Everitt-Jennings algorithm uses finite differences to solve the wave equation. As part of the algorithm, an iteration on damping, a fluid load line calculation and a pump fillage calculation ensure that the downhole data is as accurate as possible. One of the many advantages of using finite differences is the ability to pick finite difference nodes down the rod string. As part of the Modified Everitt-Jennings algorithm, position, load and stress can be computed at any point in the rod string. This provides for an in-depth, step by step, stress analysis for each taper of the rod string. In this paper, stress results from the Modified Everitt-Jennings algorithm are compared to traditional stress calculations using measured field data.
Wide-field Imaging of Pathology Slides using Lensfree On-chip Microscopy (2015)

Three-dimensional lensfree imaging of pathology slides over a large field-of-view is achieved using multi-height phase recovery that incorporates transport-of-intensity equation and rotational field transformations to overcome stagnation in iterative image reconstruction.
Antibody-Mediated Targeting of Tau In Vivo Does Not Require Effector Function and Microglial Engagement (2016)

The spread of tau pathology correlates with cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. In vitro, tau antibodies can block cell-to-cell tau spreading. Although mechanisms of anti-tau function in vivo are unknown, effector function might promote microglia-mediated clearance. In this study, we investigated whether antibody effector function is required for targeting tau. We compared efficacy in vivo and in vitro of two versions of the same tau antibody, with and without effector function, measuring tau pathology, neuron health, and microglial function. Both antibodies reduced accumulation of tau pathology in Tau-P301L transgenic mice and protected cultured neurons against extracellular tau-induced toxicity. Only the full-effector antibody enhanced tau uptake in cultured microglia, which promoted release of proinflammatory cytokines. In neuron-microglia co-cultures, only effectorless anti-tau protected neurons, suggesting full-effector tau antibodies can induce indirect toxicity via microglia. We conclude that effector function is not required for efficacy, and effectorless tau antibodies may represent a safer approach to targeting tau.