gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Linearization of Microwave Emitters using an Adaptive Digital Predistorter (1997)

Adaptive digital predistortion for nonlinear power amplifier (PA) became one of the most robust linearization techniques that can be implemented in digital signal processors (DSP) environment. However, its precision compensation for AM-AM and AM-PM distortion is wasted when the quadrature modulator (QM) impairments are not to be considered. This paper presents a new digital predistorter for microwave emitters with real time modeling of both, PA and QM distortions, that can compensate for nonlinearity, gain imbalance, phase imbalance and DC offset. An improvement of 35 dB of out-of-band power is obtained in simulating with 105 complex input look-up table using 2D interpolation.
A Binary Ionic Liquid Electrolyte to Achieve ≥7% Power Conversion Efficiencies in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (2004)

For the first time ≥7% power conversion efficiencies under AM 1.5 sunlight have been acheived for photovoltaic devices with a binary ionic liquid electrolyte composed of 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate.
Evaluation of LIBS Technique for Rapid Determination of Total Clays in Oil Sands Ores (2021)

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy is assessed to provide the quantitative total clays abundance in oil sands ores. The investigations show a promising new tool to determine oil sands mineral content without any sample preparation.
Fabrication of a Bioactive, PCL-based "Self-fitting" Shape Memory Polymer Scaffold (2015)

Tissue engineering has been explored as an alternative strategy for the treatment of critical-sized cranio-maxillofacial (CMF) bone defects. Essential to the success of this approach is a scaffold that is able to conformally fit within an irregular defect while also having the requisite biodegradability, pore interconnectivity and bioactivity. By nature of their shape recovery and fixity properties, shape memory polymer (SMP) scaffolds could achieve defect "self-fitting." In this way, following exposure to warm saline (~60 ºC), the SMP scaffold would become malleable, permitting it to be hand-pressed into an irregular defect. Subsequent cooling (~37 ºC) would return the scaffold to its relatively rigid state within the defect. To meet these requirements, this protocol describes the preparation of SMP scaffolds prepared via the photochemical cure of biodegradable polycaprolactone diacrylate (PCL-DA) using a solvent-casting particulate-leaching (SCPL) method. A fused salt template is utilized to achieve pore interconnectivity. To realize bioactivity, a polydopamine coating is applied to the surface of the scaffold pore walls. Characterization of self-fitting and shape memory behaviors, pore interconnectivity and in vitro bioactivity are also described.
Clustering-Based Methods For Fast Epitome Generation (2014)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Lisbon, Portugal, 2014
Synthesis of (3R,3′R)-Zeaxanthin and Its meso-Stereoisomer from (3R,3′R,6′R)-Lutein via (3R)-3′,4′-Anhydrolutein (2012)

A process has been developed for the partial synthesis of (3R,3′R)-zeaxanthin and (3R,3′S; meso)-zeaxanthin from commercially available (3R,3′R,6′R)-lutein. This involves the regioselective hydroboration of a dehydration product of lutein, namely (3R)-3′,4′-didehydro-β,β-caroten-3-ol [(3R)-3′,4′-anhydrolutein], to yield a mixture of (3R,3′R)-zeaxanthin and (3R,3′S; meso)-zeaxanthin followed­ by separation of these carotenoids by enzyme-mediated acylation. (3R,3′R,6′R)-Lutein, (3R,3′R)-zeaxanthin and its meso-isomer accumulate in human ocular tissues and have been implicated in the prevention of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
Enhancing personalization via search activity attribution (2014)

Online services rely on machine identifiers to tailor services such as personalized search and advertising to individual users. The assumption made is that each identifier comprises the behavior of a single person. However, shared machine usage is common, and in these cases, the activities of multiple users may be generated under a single identifier, creating a potentially noisy signal for applications such as search personalization. We propose enhancing Web search personalization with methods that can disambiguate among different users of a machine, thus connecting the current query with the appropriate search history. Using logs containing both person and machine identifiers, and logs from a popular commercial search engine, we learn models that accurately assign observed search behaviors to each of different users. This information is then used to augment existing personalization methods that are currently based only on machine identifiers. We show that this new capability to infer users can be used to improve the performance of existing personalization methods. The early findings of our research are promising and have implications for search personalization.
A Comprehensive HPV-STI NGS Assay for Detection of 29 HPV Types and 14 non-HPV Sexually Transmitted Infections (2021)

ABSTRACT Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are prevalent throughout the world and impose a significant burden on individual health and public health systems. Missed diagnosis and late treatment of STIs can lead to serious complications such as infertility and cervical cancer. Although sexually transmitted co-infections are common, most commercial assays target one or a few STIs. The HPV-STI ChapterDx Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) assay detects and quantifies 29 HPVs and 14 other STIs in a single-tube and single-step PCR reaction and can be applied to tens to thousands of samples in a single sequencing run. The assay was evaluated in this study, and the limit of detection was 100% at 50 copies for all targets, and 100%, 96%, 88% at 20 copies for 34, 8, and 1 target, respectively. The performance of this assay has been compared to Roche cobas HPV test, showing an overall agreement of 97.5% for hr-HPV, and 98.5% for both, HPV16 and HPV18. The assay also detected all HPV-infected CIN2/3 with 100% agreement with Roche cobas HPV results. Moreover, several co-infections with non-HPV STIs, such as C. trachomatis, T. vaginalis, M. genitalium , and HSV2 were identified. The ChapterDx HPV-STI NGS assay is a user-friendly, easy to automate and cost-efficient assay, which provides accurate and comprehensive results for a wide spectrum of HPVs and STIs.
Cytotoxicity of Magnetic Nanocomposite Spheres for Possible Drug Delivery Systems (2010)

Cytotoxicity test is a rapid and standardized in vitro method to determine the harmful effects of materials used for biomedical purposes, such as drug carriers, implants and their coatings, biosensors and surgical/medical devices. In the present study, sol-gel driven nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) and cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles (10–25 nm) at different concentrations were incorporated into biodegradable polymer, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), using oil-in-oil emulsion/solvent evaporation technique, and then the cytotoxicity of magnetic nanocomposite spheres was characterized using raw cells. The test provides the toxicity of the products prior to their real applications, which may limit animal experimentation, remove potential toxic compounds and reduce the downstream costs. The cytotoxicity results showed that both magnetic nanocomposite spheres were toxic at some degree to the raw cells; however, the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles in nanocomposite spheres are more toxic than the nickel ferrite nanoparticles.
Structural analysis of full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike protein from an advanced vaccine candidate (2020)

Vaccine efforts against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) responsible for the current COVID-19 pandemic are focused on SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein, the primary target for neutralizing antibodies. Here, we performed cryo-EM and site-specific glycan analysis of one of the leading subunit vaccine candidates from Novavax based on a full-length spike protein formulated in polysorbate 80 (PS 80) detergent. Our studies reveal a stable prefusion conformation of the spike immunogen with slight differences in the S1 subunit compared to published spike ectodomain structures. Interestingly, we also observed novel interactions between the spike trimers allowing formation of higher order spike complexes. This study confirms the structural integrity of the full-length spike protein immunogen and provides a basis for interpreting immune responses to this multivalent nanoparticle immunogen.
Highly efficient all-optical switching of magnetization in GdFeCo microstructures by interference-enhanced absorption of light (2012)

Employing magnetization-sensitive microscopy techniques, we address the light-induced magnetization dynamics of patterned samples of rare-earth transition metal alloys. We experimentally find that smaller structures require a lower energy density to undergo all-optical switching of the magnetization. With the aid of simulations we explain this reduction in terms of enhanced light absorption by interference of the light within the structure. This results in a decrease of about 60$%$ in the energy densities required for all-optical switching compared with those in continuous thin films of the same alloy. Moreover, we envisage that an energy lower than 10 fJ should be sufficient to switch a $20\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}20$ nm${}^{2}$ structure.
Fluorescent protein tomography scanner for small animal imaging (2005)

Microscopy of fluorescent proteins has enabled unprecedented insights into visualizing gene expression in living systems. Imaging deeper into animals, however, has been limited due to the lack of accurate imaging methods for the visible. We present a novel system designed to perform tomographic imaging of fluorescent proteins through whole animals. The tomographic method employed a multiangle, multiprojection illumination scheme, while detection was achieved using a highly sensitive charge-coupled device camera with appropriate filters. Light propagation was modeled using a modified solution to the diffusion equation to account for the high absorption and high scattering of tissue at the visible wavelengths. We show that the technique can quantitatively detect fluorescence with sub millimeter spatial resolution both in phantoms and in tissues. We conclude that the method could be applied in tomographic imaging of fluorescent proteins for in vivo targeting of different diseases and abnormalities.
The Low Molecular Weight Heparin, Tinzaparin, in Thrombosis and Beyond (2002)

Standard unfractionated heparin (UFH) has been in clinical use for over 50 years. The commercial use of low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) began in the mid 1980s for hemodialysis and the prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Initially, the clinical development of LMWHs was concentrated on the European continent. Subsequently, LMWHs were introduced in North America as well. In the initial stages of development of these drugs only nadroparin, dalteparin and enoxaparin were used. Subsequently, several other LMWHs such as ardeparin, tinzaparin, reviparin and parnaparin were introduced. LMWHs constitute a group of important medications with total sales reaching nearly 2.5 billion dollars with expanded indications reaching far beyond the initial indications for the prophylaxis of post-surgical DVT. This review highlights the pharmacology of tinzaparin. Unlike other LMWHs, tinzaparin is prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis with heparinase, while various chemical depolymerization methods are used for the synthesis of other LMWHs. As compared with the standard heparin, LMWHs have different pharmacodynamic, and pharmacokinetic properties; they also differ in clinical benefits.
Caffeine’s Antioxidant Potency Optically Sensed with Double-Stranded DNA-Encased Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2015)

There is great interest in developing a sensitive method being able to quantitatively measure and compare antioxidant potencies of samples of interest against multiple reactive oxygen species (ROS) whose imbalance could cause oxidative stress. Here, a sensitive nanoprobe, double-stranded DNA encased single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) has been developed to determine antioxidant potencies of selected samples (caffeine, regular coffee, and decaffeinated coffee) against ROS, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals. Antioxidant vitamin C and uric acid are used as standards. The method focuses on unique dual optical sensing capability of SWNTs, the rate of spectral suppression when exposed to ROS, and the magnitude of spectral recovery of the ROS-suppressed SWNTs when an antioxidant is added. It is found that the dual sensing capability of SWNTs is still sustained when reacting with the reactive hydroxyl radicals. The results show that caffeine's antioxidant potency is weak, about one millionth of those of vitamin C and uric acid. It is a better scavenger of hydrogen peroxide and a little less effective for hydroxyl radicals. In comparison, coffee, regardless of regular or decaffeinated, is a more efficient antioxidant than caffeine, having an antioxidant potency about ten thousand times stronger. This work provides a versatile detection method for evaluating the antioxidant potencies of samples of interest against various ROS for chemical, biological, and medical applications.
Synthesis of New Metastable Aluminum-Titanium Alloy by Defying Equilibrium in an Equilibrium Process (2003)

10.1081/AMP-120025077
The recA gene from the thermophile Thermus aquaticus YT-1: cloning, expression, and characterization (1994)

We have cloned, expressed, and purified the RecA analog from the thermophilic eubacterium Thermus aquaticus YT-1. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence indicates that the T. aquaticus RecA is structurally similar to the Escherichia coli RecA and suggests that RecA-like function has been conserved in thermophilic organisms. Preliminary biochemical analysis indicates that the protein has an ATP-dependent single-stranded DNA binding activity and can pair and carry out strand exchange to form a heteroduplex DNA under reaction conditions previously described for E. coli RecA, but at 55 to 65 degrees C. Further characterization of a thermophilically derived RecA protein should yield important information concerning DNA-protein interactions at high temperatures. In addition, a thermostable RecA protein may have some general applicability in stabilizing DNA-protein interactions in reactions which occur at high temperatures by increasing the specificity (stringency) of annealing reactions.
A Visual Analytics Approach for Exploratory Causal Analysis: Exploration, Validation, and Applications (2020)

Using causal relations to guide decision making has become an essential analytical task across various domains, from marketing and medicine to education and social science. While powerful statistical models have been developed for inferring causal relations from data, domain practitioners still lack effective visual interface for interpreting the causal relations and applying them in their decision-making process. Through interview studies with domain experts, we characterize their current decision-making workflows, challenges, and needs. Through an iterative design process, we developed a visualization tool that allows analysts to explore, validate, and apply causal relations in real-world decision-making scenarios. The tool provides an uncertainty-aware causal graph visualization for presenting a large set of causal relations inferred from high-dimensional data. On top of the causal graph, it supports a set of intuitive user controls for performing what-if analyses and making action plans. We report on two case studies in marketing and student advising to demonstrate that users can effectively explore causal relations and design action plans for reaching their goals.
Ligand‐Free Palladium‐Catalyzed Cyanation of Aryl Halides. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
&#x03B5;-tube regression: A new method for motion artifact reduction (2011)

This paper introduces a new regression method, called ε-tube regression (ε-TR), for motion artifact reduction in physiological signals. It forms a tube arround the data which leads to an approximation that models only the motion artifact and not the target signal. Moreover, ε-TR prescribes the shape of the approximation using the available information about the motion artifact. The results show that ε-TR can effectively remove the motion artifacts from the impedance signal measured on the arms.
A Cell‐Targeted Non‐Cytotoxic Fluorescent Nanogel Thermometer Created with an Imidazolium‐Containing Cationic Radical Initiator (2018)

A cationic fluorescent nanogel thermometer based on thermo-responsive N-isopropylacrylamide and environment-sensitive benzothiadiazole was developed with a new azo compound bearing imidazolium rings as the first cationic radical initiator. This cationic fluorescent nanogel thermometer showed an excellent ability to enter live mammalian cells in a short incubation period (10 min), a high sensitivity to temperature variations in live cells (temperature resolution of 0.02-0.84 °C in the range 20-40 °C), and remarkable non-cytotoxicity, which permitted ordinary cell proliferation and even differentiation of primary cultured cells.
Asmarines A−F, Novel Cytotoxic Compounds from the Marine Sponge <i>Raspailia</i> Species (2000)

Three pairs of nitrogen-containing metabolites, asmarines A-F (1-6), were isolated from the Red Sea sponge Raspailia sp., collected in the Dahlak Archipelago, Eritrea. Although the first pair could fully be separated to give compounds 1 and 2, the other two pairs could only be enriched up to about 80% of one isomer. The structures of the new compounds were established by spectroscopic means. Besides the asmarines, methyl 3-oxo-cholan-24-oate (12) was also isolated. The absolute configuration of asmarine A (1) was determined on the basis of CD measurements of its unstable 18-oxo derivative (7) and mainly the Cotton effect of the dicarbonyl derivative (9) of chelodane (8). A O,N(7')-dimethyl derivative (10) and a second, unexpected, methylated product (11) were obtained from 2.
Enhanced Method for Recognizing Gender in Smart Environments from Gait Biometric (2018)

Gender recognition is becoming an attractive research topic of increasing importance in demographic and medical studies applications. This paper presents an enhanced methodology for texture representation by a local Gabor-based phase quantization method, named LGPQ, and applies it for automatic human gender recognition using texture analysis of gait energy images (GEIs). Gait analysis and recognition is one of the recently explored areas in smart environments with superior features than other biometric traits such as the ability to be recognized at a distance even from low-resolution images. The proposed LGPQ has the advantage of capturing more information to encode the spatio-temporal variations in the Gabor transform of GEI. As a result, better gender classification can be achieved. The proposed method is evaluated using a support vector machine (SVM) classifier with a linear kernel. Moreover, it is compared to several texture-based methods on the CASIA B multi-view gait database. The experimental results demonstrate promising performance of LGPQ for gait-based gender recognition.
Sensorless control of a harmonically driven linear reciprocating electrodynamic machine for a thermoacoustic refrigerator (2003)

In electrically driven thermoacoustic refrigerators, the acoustic pressure and actuator displacement are typically monitored while a nominally harmonic drive frequency is adjusted to achieve a given operating point (e.g., maximum electroacoustic conversion efficiency, acoustic resonance, maximum power, etc.) Most often, pressure and displacement are measured directly, using sensors. Using a model of the electrical and mechanical dynamics of a linear electrodynamic machine and resonant assembly, the actuator displacement and pressure at the piston can be accurately estimated via direct measurement of the voltage and current at the machine terminals. This provides a means for sensorless control of the machine. The estimation method and system parameter extraction method will be described, as well as results of comparisons to sensors. Results from tests on a thermoacoustic refrigerator operating at 3-kW acoustic input power using a sensorless control system implemented to maintain an acoustic resonance will be shown, wherein the refrigerator cold temperature was varied over a practical operating range. The control system tracked the acoustic resonance frequency and achieved the desired phase relationship between pressure and displacement to within 3 deg based on the estimation, thus maintaining essentially optimal electroacoustic conversion efficiency during the test. [Work sponsored by ONR.]
ChemInform Abstract: Bicyclic Pyrazolidinone Antibacterial Agents. Synthesis of Side Chain Analogues of Carbapenems PS‐5 and Thienamycin. (1989)

Abstract The key precursors for the preparation of the target compounds are the pyrazolidinium methylides (VIII), prepared by cyclization of the acrylates (I) or (VI) with hydrazine (II).
Multi-pass second-harmonic generation using a confocal telescope and a wedged glass plate (2004)

We used a confocal telescope to preserve propagation angle and focusing in double-pass second-harmonic generation using periodically poled KTP. A wedged glass plate provided adjustment of the relative phase between fundamental and second harmonic waves.
Automatic Assignment of Topical Icons to Documents for Faster File Navigation (2017)

Several computer users neither assign names to their documents systematically nor organize them into suitable folders, making it difficult to search for relevant files when needed. While this problem can be addressed in several ways, we explore the novel approach of automated assignment of topical icons to documents in order to cue memory for faster navigation. Specifically, we overlay the currently available generic software-oriented file association icons like Acrobat, Word or Powerpoint on documents with algorithmically assigned icons that are specific to the topical content of the documents. Our pipeline method uses document clustering, significant-phrase extraction, phrase generalization and phrase vector matching for assigning icons to documents. Experimental results show that topical iconification significantly speeds up document navigation time vis-á-vis content-based file naming, in both a controlled laboratory setup as well as in a crowdsourced study. Icons assigned by our algorithm are observed to have satisfactory inter-annotator agreement with respect to their meanings.
Impact of Minor Structural Modifications on Properties of a Series of mTOR Inhibitors (2019)

Minor structural modifications-sometimes single atom changes-can have a dramatic impact on the properties of compounds. This is illustrated here on structures related to known mTOR inhibitor Sapanisertib. Subtle changes in the hinge binder lead to strikingly different overall profiles with changes in physical properties, metabolism, and kinase selectivity.