gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance Tests of a 12-Channel Real-Time GPS L1 Software Receiver (2003)

A 12-channel real-time GPS software receiver has been tested in order to determine its accuracy and tracking performance under dynamic conditions. The motivation for this work is to demonstrate that this receiver’s performance is equivalent to a hardware receiver despite the fact that it implements all of its base-band mixing, correlation, and accumulation operations in software in a general-purpose PC. Such receivers offer an attractive route to the development of products that exploit new signals that will be available in the future such as the L2 civilian signal and Galileo signals. A software receiver can be developed to track such signals without the need to develop a new hardware correlator chip. All that needs to be done is to adjust the parameters of the RF front-end to receive the new carrier frequencies and upgrade software to calculate correlations using the new spread-spectrum codes. The real-time software receiver is reviewed, and its operation is compared to that of receivers which use hardware correlators. Also discussed is an upgrade to the original implementation that uses processor-specific x86 assembly code (MMX). This upgrade provides a 25% increases in processing speed. Another aspect that is discussed is the use of 1-bit RF front end data and the related speedup. The software receiver is tested under static and dynamic conditions and is compared to a hardware receiver in terms of its tracking stability and the accuracy of its observables. The dynamic test conditions include a rocket scenario that is generated using a GPS signal simulator and road vehicle motion that is tested using car-mounted receivers.
Stoichiometric binding of apolipoprotein B-specific monoclonal antibodies to low density lipoproteins. (1985)

The structure of apolipoprotein B and its stoichiometry on plasma lipoproteins has been a major issue and one refractory to a variety of analyses. Immunochemical analyses represent an independent approach. Examinations of apolipoprotein B (apo-B) epitopes on human plasma low density lipoproteins (LDL) using monoclonal antibodies have consistently revealed the existence of extensive apo-B heterogeneity. In the present study, we have addressed the solution of the stoichiometry problem using quantitative analysis of the maximum number of identical antibodies that can be bound per LDL particle in which we take into account this ligand heterogeneity. We have estimated the molecular weight of apo-B by quantifying the number of times a given apo-B epitope is expressed on the surface of LDL. The quantitative binding of eight previously characterized monoclonal antibodies was measured in a fluid phase radioimmunoassay. The results were analyzed by Scatchard analysis and expressed on the basis of independent measurements of the maximum amount of LDL that could be bound by each antibody. Affinity constants for each of the eight antibodies varied between 8.5 X 10(7) and 80 X 10(7) M-1. For these same antibodies, the concentration of maximally bound antibody at a normalized LDL concentration of 1000 ng/ml was estimated to be 0.9-1.8 nM with a mean of 1.23 nM. Adopting a molecular mass from physicochemical analysis for LDL apo-B of 550,000 daltons, the molar ratio between bound antibody and LDL varied between 0.5 and 1.2 (mean 0.75 +/- 0.15). The results supported the hypothesis that apo-B is present as a single large molecular weight polypeptide in LDL.
Novel multi-channel grating designs (2001)

A novel approach for the design of multi-channel grating devices is suggested. The method allows to utilize photoinduced refractive index change with maximum efficiency. The central idea is in dephasing of partial gratings with respect to each other.
Identification and characterization of RNA aptamers: A long aptamer blocks the AMPA receptor and a short aptamer blocks both AMPA and kainate receptors (2017)

AMPA and kainate receptors, along with NMDA receptors, represent different subtypes of glutamate ion channels. AMPA and kainate receptors share a high degree of sequence and structural similarities, and excessive activity of these receptors has been implicated in neurological diseases such as epilepsy. Therefore, blocking detrimental activity of both receptor types could be therapeutically beneficial. Here, we report the use of an <i>in vitro</i> evolution approach involving systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment with a single AMPA receptor target (<i>i.e.</i> GluA1/2R) to isolate RNA aptamers that can potentially inhibit both AMPA and kainate receptors. A full-length or 101-nucleotide (nt) aptamer selectively inhibited GluA1/2R with a <i>K<sub>I</sub></i> of ∼5 μm, along with GluA1 and GluA2 AMPA receptor subunits. Of note, its shorter version (55 nt) inhibited both AMPA and kainate receptors. In particular, this shorter aptamer blocked equally potently the activity of both the GluK1 and GluK2 kainate receptors. Using homologous binding and whole-cell recording assays, we found that an RNA aptamer most likely binds to the receptor's regulatory site and inhibits it noncompetitively. Our results suggest the potential of using a single receptor target to develop RNA aptamers with dual activity for effectively blocking both AMPA and kainate receptors.
High-strength high-performance plate steel with low yield-tensile ratio (1995)

In an effort to develop a high-strength, high performance plate steel with a low yield-tensile ratio, 2-inch-thick plates of three modified low carbon, low-sulfur, A514 Grade F (USS ``T-1``) steels were evaluated in various rolling and heat-treatment conditions. Several of the processing conditions investigated resulted in plates meeting the AASHTO Zone 3 (cold region) Grade 100 (100-ksi minimum yield strength) minimum toughness requirement of 35 ft-lb average at {minus}30 F. The best steel/process overall was the 0.11C-0.04V steel given a standard hot-rolling treatment followed by air cooling (HR-AC), then quenching and tempering (at 1,250 F). Conventional controlled rolling followed by air cooling (CCR-AC), then quenching and tempering, was more beneficial to the V-Cb steel than to the two V steels. Controlled rolling and air cooling before quenching and tempering (for the same tempering temperature) promoted a slight increase in yield strength in these martensitic steels, the average increase being about 4 ksi. However, the yield-tensile ratios of all the controlled-rolled plates were generally higher than those of the corresponding hot-rolled plates. Acceptably low yield-tensile ratios could be achieved from intercritical heating/holding treatments interspersed between the quenching and tempering treatments; but the yield strength of each plate was below the desiredmore » 100 ksi minimum. More work is needed to achieve a (possibly impractical) goal of 100-ksi minimum yield strength with a yield tensile ratio under about 0.85. Technical reviews of this goal/requirement by appropriate specification committees have been initiated.« less
Novel Amphiphilic Phthalocyanine Mesogens (1995)

Abstract A number of novel amphiphilic phthalocyanines (Pcs) have been prepared containing long alkyl (-C16H33) and oligo(ethyleneoxy) chains (-O(C2H4O)3CH3) in the peripheral positions. All the Pcs prepared showed liquid crystalline behaviour, with most compounds giving two mesophases. Optical microscopy suggests that the lower temperature mesophase (M1) is a discotic rectangular mesophase, and that the higher temperature mesophase (M2) is a discotic hexagonal phase.
Abstract 2825: Characterization of a novel small molecule antagonist of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase that suppresses glucose metabolism and tumor growth (2011)

Abstract Over-expression of HIF-1α, activation of Ras and loss of p53 tumor suppressor function are associated with the development of human cancers and each of these genetic alterations converge on glycolysis by activating the 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatases (PFKFB). The PFKFB enzymes interconvert fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) and fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (F2,6BP) and F2,6BP is an allosteric activator of 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase (PFK-1), a rate-limiting enzyme and control point in the glycolytic pathway. There are four PFKFB family members which are encoded by separate genes (PFKFB1-4) and characterized by distinct kinase:bisphosphatase ratios. The PFKFB3 family member is of particular interest since it has been found to be activated in human cancer cell lines and tumors, to be increased by hypoxic exposure via HIF-1α and by oncogenic Ras, and to be required for tumorigenic growth. We recently discovered a competitive antagonist of PFKFB3 (3-(3-pyridinyl)-1-(4-pyridinyl)-2-propen-1-one [3PO]) that reduces the glucose uptake, F2,6BP, lactate secretion, steady-state concentration of ATP, and growth of multiple transformed cell lines. Using a rationale design based approach, we have synthesized derivatives of 3PO and identified a compound (PFK-015) that: (i) more potently inhibits recombinant PFKFB3 (IC50:110 nM); (ii) inhibits PFKFB3 activity in cancer cells (IC50: 20 nM); (iii) is not a Pgp substrate as determined by transport and cell permeability assays in Caco-2 and MDCK-MDR1 (Papp A-B / B-A results 1.8 / 4 and 5 / 5 10−6 cm/s); (iv) inhibits cancer cell proliferation in a panel of 17 cancer cell lines; and (v) suppresses glucose uptake in cancer cells. Rodent PK studies following IV dosing at 5 mg/kg resulted in a profile with a satisfactory half-life (5.1 hours), exposure (AUCinf 1804 ng.h/ml), tissue distribution (Vd 20.5 L/kg) and reasonable clearance (46.2 mL/min/kg). Also, pre-clinical efficacy studies of C57Bl/6 mice bearing Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) xenografts demonstrated ∼80% tumor growth inhibition relative to vehicle control. Finally, micro-PET studies performed on mice bearing LLC tumors showed a significant inhibition of tumor 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose uptake. These studies demonstrate that PFK-015 is an effective inhibitor of PFKFB3, possesses compelling in vitro properties, has satisfactory PK properties in rodents, and suppresses tumor glucose metabolism and growth in an aggressive mouse model of non-small cell lung cancer. These results support further development of PFK-015 as a novel anti-cancer agent. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2825. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2825
High Dielectric Dopants for Low Voltage Liquid Crystal Operation (1998)

Several linear polyene compounds with extraordinarily large dielectric anisotropy and small elastic constant were synthesized and their physical properties evaluated. The dielectric anisotropy of these compounds varies from 60 to 70, depending on the detailed molecular structures. Adding 3% of these compounds to a polar and a nonpolar liquid crystal mixtures significantly reduces their threshold voltage while only causes a modest increase in viscosity.
Characterization of a restriction enzyme from a strain of<i>Neisseria gonorrhoea</i>which recognizes 5′GICCGGC3′, an isochizomer of<i>Nael</i> (1989)

Journal Article Characterization of a restriction enzyme from a strain of Neisseria gonorrhoea which recognizes 5′GICCGGC3′, an isochizomer of Nael Get access Alan.W. Hammond, Alan.W. Hammond Molecular Biology Research and Development, Bethesda Research Laboratories, Life Technologies, Inc.8717 Grovemont Circle, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Gary.F. Gerard, Gary.F. Gerard Molecular Biology Research and Development, Bethesda Research Laboratories, Life Technologies, Inc.8717 Grovemont Circle, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar James.H. Campbell, James.H. Campbell Molecular Biology Research and Development, Bethesda Research Laboratories, Life Technologies, Inc.8717 Grovemont Circle, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Deb.K. Chatterjee Deb.K. Chatterjee * Molecular Biology Research and Development, Bethesda Research Laboratories, Life Technologies, Inc.8717 Grovemont Circle, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA * To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 17, Issue 8, 25 April 1989, Page 3320, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/17.8.3320 Published: 25 April 1989 Article history Received: 23 February 1989 Published: 25 April 1989
Complement plays a minimal role in Sm-p80-mediated protection against<i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> (2013)

Sm-p80, the large subunit of Schistosoma masoni calpain, is a leading antigen candidate for a schistosome vaccine. Prophylactic and antifecundity efficacy of Sm-p80 has been tested using a variety of vaccine approaches. However, the mechanism of Sm-p80-mediated killing is still unknown. In this study, potential role of complement in Sm-p80-mediated protection was studied using both in vitro (cobra venom factor inhibition) and in vivo using mice deficient in C3 (C3 -/-; B6.129S4-C3tm1Crr/J). In the absence of C3, Sm-p80-based vaccine was able to provide significant reduction in adult worm burden following challenge with schistosome cercariae in mice suggesting the effector functions of complement may be limited in this vaccine-induced protection.
Flexible Microfabricated Parylene Multielectrode Arrays forRetinal Stimulation and Spinal Cord Field Modulation (2006)

The first flexible parylene-based multielectrode arrays (MEAs) designed for functional electrical stimulation (FES) in retinal prostheses, and the extension of this technology toward enabling reflex-arc neuromodulation in cases of spinal cord damage or transection, are presented. A single metal layer 16 × 16 retinal electrode array of 125 μm-diameter thin-film Ti/Pt electrodes and lines
of 12 μm-pitch has been fabricated as a demonstration of this technology. To allow for even higher density arrays, a novel dual-layer process has also been implemented that enables leads to pass under overlying electrodes without making electrical contact to them. A biomimetic parylene-based electrode array consisting of 1024 electrodes of highly variable spacing, 60 of which have been connected in this manner, has been fabricated according to this paradigm. A parylene-parylene annealing process has also been developed to increase device longevity under accelerated-lifetime saline soak conditions. Surgical tests of novel anatomically-conformal
geometries that enable such parylene-based electrode systems to interact with their neuronal targets of interest while causing minimal mechanical damage to tissues or to the implants are also presented. The use of these flexible electrode arrays in spinal cord stimulation experiments in animal models has proven their efficacy in stimulating neurons.
Compact fiber-optic-gyroscope. (1987)

We have studied the way to miniaturerize optics, fiber-coil and electronics for a compact fiber-optic-gyroscope (FOG). The optics were miniaturerized by using small bulk optic parts, and hybrid integrated circuits were developed for the electronics of the FOG. To compensate for the reduction of the Sagnac phase shift due to the small diameter of the fiber coil, a small diametered polarization maintaining single-mode fiber (PMSF) was developed. Long lengths of the fiber could be wound around a small sized coiling space. By using these components, a compact FOG with outer diameter of 60 mm and height of 50 mm was developed. Sensitivity of 0.8 deg/hr and drift of 3.6 deg/hr/hr were observed.
Structural and Kinetic Characterization of Lithium Intercalation into Carbon Anodes for Secondary Lithium Batteries (1995)

Electrochemical intercalation of lithium into carbons has been studied using mesophase‐pitch‐based carbon fibers with different heat‐treatment temperatures, coke, and graphites as anodes for secondary lithium batteries. The variations in the average layer spacing and the voltage profile for the carbons with intercalating depend on the degree of graphitization. The intercalation into a more disordered carbon fiber heated at 900°C has been characterized as intercalation into the layer structure for in , but additional lithium insertion into an unorganized carbon loses the layer structure. The polarization resistance estimated from the impedance spectrum decreased by increasing degree of graphitization. The variation in with intercalation revealed the intercalation processes in various disordered carbons to be single‐phase reactions with different stoichiometries of lithium intercalation. The chemical diffusion coefficient of lithium ions in carbons decreased by increasing the composition in up to . The chemical diffusion coefficient was considerably affected by the texture and the degree of graphitization of the carbons. The graphitized carbon fiber heated at 3000°C for in exhibited one order magnitude larger values of than those of graphites. The rapid diffusion in the graphitized carbon fiber has been attributed to the radial texture in the cross section. It has been found that the activation energy for the diffusion process decreased by increasing the degree of graphitization.
Characterizing female pelvic floor conditions by tactile imaging (2014)

Our findings suggest that the tactile imaging markers such as pressure, pressure gradient, and dynamic pressure response during muscle contraction may be used for further quantitative characterization of female pelvic floor conditions.
CORDS (1998)

Article CORDS: hardware-software co-synthesis of reconfigurable real-time distributed embedded systems Share on Authors: Robert P. Dick Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, 2 Princeton, New Jersey Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, 2 Princeton, New JerseyView Profile , Niraj K. Jha Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, 2 Princeton, New Jersey Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, 2 Princeton, New JerseyView Profile Authors Info & Claims ICCAD '98: Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided designNovember 1998 Pages 62–67https://doi.org/10.1145/288548.288561Online:01 November 1998Publication History 66citation479DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations66Total Downloads479Last 12 Months3Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Tin Deuteride (SnD<sub>4</sub>) Stabilization (2013)

We evaluated six different cylinder passivation procedures to increase the room temperature stability of gaseous tin deuteride (SnD 4 ). Two were successful in extending the lifetime of a 1% SnD 4 mixture in hydrogen at 50 PSIA for more than six months. Higher concentrations and/or higher total pressure reduced the lifetime.
Studies of vitamin D (calciferol) and its analogs. 43. Two novel allenic side chain analogs of 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies of vitamin D (calciferol) and its analogs. 43. Two novel allenic side chain analogs of 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3Andrew S. Craig, Anthony W. Norman, and William H. OkamuraCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 16, 4374–4380Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00042a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00042a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views192Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A carbon-nanotube-supported graphene-rich non-precious metal oxygen reduction catalyst with enhanced performance durability (2013)

A non-precious metal catalyst for oxygen reduction in acid media, enriched in graphene sheets/bubbles during a high-temperature synthesis step, has been developed from an Fe precursor and in situ polymerized polyaniline, supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The catalyst showed no performance loss for 500 hours in a hydrogen/air fuel cell. The improved durability is correlated with the graphene formation, apparently enhanced in the presence of carbon nanotubes.
Shot by Shot Source Wave Field Estimation (2017)

Summary In this paper we discuss the behaviour of air gun source arrays in marine seismic acquisition. We comment the fact that the source configuration and depth are changing continually with the combined actions of surface waves, sea currents and general towing conditions. This has a direct effect on the emitted source pressure wave field and thus on the signature in the seismic data. We describe the method of backpropagation with relative motion that allows an efficient and robust estimation of notional and far-field signatures from near-field measurements at every shot point. The derived shot by shot signatures show very good correlation with sea-state and sea-currents, as we would expect. We show that the variation of the signature can affect the quality of seismic data. We demonstrate that the estimated far-field signatures describe the real variation of the signature in the data and we show how the estimated shot by shot signatures can be used to mitigate the effect of signature variations and thereby improve the quality of the seismic data.
<title>Content-based video retrieval by example video clip</title> (1997)

This paper presents a novel approach for video retrieval from a large archive of MPEG or Motion JPEG compressed video clips. We introduce a retrieval algorithm that takes a video clip as a query and searches the database for clips with similar contents. Video clips are characterized by a sequence of representative frame signatures, which are constructed from DC coefficients and motion information (`DC+M' signatures). The similarity between two video clips is determined by using their respective signatures. This method facilitates retrieval of clips for the purpose of video editing, broadcast news retrieval, or copyright violation detection.