gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of the Performance of a Platinum Nanocatalyst Confined within Carbon Nanotubes for Asymmetric Hydrogenation (2011)

Going through the proper channels: A highly active and enantioselective heterogeneous asymmetric catalyst was fabricated by confining Pt nanoparticles that are modified with cinchonidine within the channels of carbon nanotubes. A high turnover frequency (TOF) and enantioselectivity are achieved when using this catalyst for the asymmetric hydrogenation of α-ketoesters. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Development of a hyperthermal oxygen‐atom generator (1992)

Abstract A source that is compact, durable and mounts on a standard standard ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) flange has been developed for the generation of hyperthermal oxygen atoms. In this source oxygen atoms permeate through an Ag membrane held at 500°C and are then emitted toward the target from the vacuum side of the membrane by electron‐stimulated desorption. The current prototype model generates useable O‐atom fluxes of ∼10 12 atoms cm −2 s −1 , and future modifications should increase this flux by 1–3 orders of magnitude. Based on the O + energy distribution, the average O neutral energy is ∼5 eV with a fairly broad distribution (full width at half‐maximum ∼3.6 eV). The information required for the development of this source and the design of the source are prsented.
HyEdge: A Cooperative Edge Computing Framework for Provisioning Private and Public Services (2023)

With the widespread use of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and the arrival of the 5G era, edge computing has become an attractive paradigm to serve end-users and provide better QoS. Many efforts have been paid to provision some merging public network services at the network edge. We reveal that it is very common that specific users call for private and isolated edge services to preserve data privacy and enable other security intentions. However, it still remains open to fulfill such kind of mixed requests in edge computing. In this article, we propose a cooperative edge computing framework, i.e., HyEdge, to offer both public and private edge services systematically. To fully exploit the benefits of this novel framework, we define the problem of optimal request scheduling over a given placement solution of hybrid edge servers to minimize the response delay. This problem is further modeled as a mixed integer non-linear programming problem (MINLP), which is typically NP-hard. Accordingly, we propose the partition-based optimization method, which can efficiently solve this NP-hard problem via the problem decomposition and the branch and bound strategies. We finally conduct extensive evaluations with a real-world dataset to measure the performance of our method. The results indicate that the proposed method achieves elegant performance with low computation complexity.
A Novel sLRP6E1E2 Inhibits Canonical Wnt Signaling, Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition, and Induces Mitochondria-Dependent Apoptosis in Lung Cancer (2012)

Aberrant activation of the Wnt pathway contributes to human cancer progression. Antagonists that interfere with Wnt ligand/receptor interactions can be useful in cancer treatments. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of a soluble Wnt receptor decoy in cancer gene therapy. We designed a Wnt antagonist sLRP6E1E2, and generated a replication-incompetent adenovirus (Ad), dE1-k35/sLRP6E1E2, and a replication-competent oncolytic Ad, RdB-k35/sLRP6E1E2, both expressing sLRP6E1E2. sLRP6E1E2 prevented Wnt-mediated stabilization of cytoplasmic β-catenin, decreased Wnt/β-catenin signaling and cell proliferation via the mitogen-activated protein kinase, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathways. sLRP6E1E2 induced apoptosis, cytochrome c release, and increased cleavage of PARP and caspase-3. sLRP6E1E2 suppressed growth of the human lung tumor xenograft, and reduced motility and invasion of cancer cells. In addition, sLRP6E1E2 upregulated expression of epithelial marker genes, while sLRP6E1E2 downregulated mesenchymal marker genes. Taken together, sLRP6E1E2, by inhibiting interaction between Wnt and its receptor, suppressed Wnt-induced cell proliferation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Adenosine Receptor Affinity and Potency of 8‐Alkynyl Derivatives of Adenosine (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Mid-Air Haptic Algorithms for Rendering 3D Shapes (2019)

Mid-air haptic technology works by focusing ultrasonic radiation pressures onto the user's bare hands, thereby delivering a localized vibrotactile effect. Advanced spatial and temporal modulation of the focused pressures expands the haptic capabilities of this technology and can enable the rendering of volumetric shapes. To that end, we explore ten different algorithms for the haptic rendering of virtual 3D objects and describe their respective implementations, weight their pros and cons, and discuss their applicability in different settings and paradigms. The two best performing algorithms are then user-tested to assess their applicability. We conclude that salient features, and especially object corners, should be emphasized by the mid-air haptic rendering algorithms when shape information is important and provide easy to follow guidelines. We also note that the visual representations of haptified objects can pre-condition our haptic expectations. We thus propose alternative graphic representations in order to mitigate such discordance.
Arabinogalactan as Active Compound in the Management of Corneal Wounds: In Vitro Toxicity and In Vivo Investigations on Rabbits (2010)

Our results suggest that AG can interact with corneal epithelial cells without any toxic side effect; moreover, it proved to stimulate cell proliferation, thus promoting tissue re-epithelialization and reorganization just 48 hr post-wounding.
Efficient Catalysis of Polysiloxane Synthesis by Silicatein <i>α</i> Requires Specific Hydroxy and Imidazole Functionalities (1999)

A protein isolated from a biosilica (shown schematically) catalyzes alkoxysilane polycondensation at neutral pH values and low temperatures. Replacement of either of two specific side chain functionalities (Ser-26 and His-165) significantly diminishes catalysis, supporting a reaction mechanism analogous to that of a well-known enzyme that is highly homologous to the silica protein. These results may be useful in the development of synthetic catalysts for environmentally benign synthesis of polysiloxanes.
Structure-based Design Targeted at LOX-1, a Receptor for Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein (2015)

Atherosclerosis related cardiovascular diseases continue to be the primary cause of mortality in developed countries. The elevated level of low density lipoprotein (LDL) is generally considered to be the driver of atherosclerosis, but recent years have seen a shift in this perception in that the vascular plaque buildup is mainly caused by oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) rather than native-LDL. The scavenger receptor LOX-1 found in endothelial cells binds and internalizes ox-LDL which leads to the initiation of plaque formation in arteries. Using virtual screening techniques, we identified a few potential small molecule inhibitors of LOX-1 and tested their inhibitory potential using differential scanning fluorimetry and various cellular assays. Two of these molecules significantly reduced the uptake of ox-LDL by human endothelial cells, LOX-1 transcription and the activation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPKs in human endothelial cells. In addition, these molecules suppressed ox-LDL-induced VCAM-1 expression and monocyte adhesion onto human endothelial cells demonstrating their therapeutic potential.
Tumor Suppressor SMAR1 Activates and Stabilizes p53 through Its Arginine-Serine-rich Motif (2005)

Various stresses and DNA-damaging agents trigger transcriptional activity of p53 by post-translational modifications, making it a global regulatory switch that controls cell proliferation and apoptosis. Earlier we have shown that the novel MAR-associated protein SMAR1 interacts with p53. Here we delineate the minimal domain of SMAR1 (the arginine-serine-rich domain) that is phosphorylated by protein kinase C family proteins and is responsible for p53 interaction, activation, and stabilization within the nucleus. SMAR1-mediated stabilization of p53 is brought about by inhibiting Mdm2-mediated degradation of p53. We also demonstrate that this arginine-serine (RS)-rich domain triggers the various cell cycle modulating proteins that decide cell fate. Furthermore, phenotypic knock-down experiments using small interfering RNA showed that SMAR1 is required for activation and nuclear retention of p53. The level of phosphorylated p53 was significantly increased in the thymus of SMAR1 transgenic mice, showing in vivo significance of SMAR1 expression. This is the first report that demonstrates the mechanism of action of the MAR-binding protein SMAR1 in modulating the activity of p53, often referred to as the "guardian of the genome."
Rate equation analysis of digital pulse modulation in strongly injection-locked semiconductor microring lasers (2020)

Digital pulse modulation of strongly injection-locked whistle-geometry semiconductor ring lasers is investigated. Specifically, we address the problem of optical output signal distortion due to transient behavior of the laser in response to picosecond input pulses of injection current. Pulse modulation of a 2-μm-diameter strongly injection-locked whistlegeometry ring laser with up to 50 GHz repetition rate and substantially suppressed transient emission tails is demonstrated in numerical modeling for a sequence of triangular injection current pulses of picosecond duration.
<title>CuIn<formula><inf><roman>1-x</roman></inf></formula>Ga<formula><inf><roman>x</roman></inf></formula>Se<formula><inf><roman>2</roman></inf></formula>-based photovoltaic cells from electrodeposited precursors</title> (1997)

We have fabricated 13.7%-efficient CuIn<SUB>1-x</SUB>Ga<SUB>x</SUB>Se<SUB>2</SUB> (CIGS)-based devices from electrodeposited precursors. As- deposited electrodeposited precursors are Cu-rich films. Additional In, Ga, and Se were added to the electrodeposited precursor film by physical evaporation to adjust the final composition to CuIn<SUB>1-x</SUB>Ga<SUB>x</SUB>Se<SUB>2</SUB>. Three devices with Ga/(In + Ga) ratio of 0.16, 0.26, and 0.39 were fabricated from electrodeposited precursors. The films/devices have been characterized by inductive-coupled plasma spectrometry, Auger electron spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, electron-probe microanalysis, current-voltage characteristics, capacitance- voltage, and spectral response. The electrodeposited device parameters are compared with those of a 17.7% physical vapor deposited device.
Portable ceria nanoparticle-based assay for rapid detection of foodantioxidants (NanoCerac) (2012)

With increased awareness of nutrition and the advocacy for healthier food choices, there exists a great demand for a simple, easy-to-use test that can reliably measure the antioxidant capacity of dietary products. We report development and characterization of a portable nanoparticle based-assay, similar to a small sensor patch, for rapid and sensitive detection of food antioxidants. The assay is based on the use of immobilized ceria nanoparticles, which change color after interaction with antioxidants by means of redox and surface chemistry reactions. Monitoring corresponding optical changes enables sensitive detection of antioxidants in which the nanoceria provides an optical 'signature' of antioxidant power, while the antioxidants act as reducing agents. The sensor has been tested for the detection of common antioxidant compounds including ascorbic acid, gallic acid, vanillic acid, quercetin, caffeic acid, and epigallocatechin gallate and its function has been successfully applied for the assessment of antioxidant activity in real samples (teas and medicinal mushrooms). The colorimetric response was concentration dependent, with detection limits ranging from 20 to 400 μM depending on the antioxidant involved. Steady-state color intensity was achieved within seconds upon addition of antioxidants. The results are presented in terms of Gallic Acid Equivalents (GAE). The sensor performed favorably when compared with commonly used antioxidant detection methods. This assay is particularly appealing for remote sensing applications, where specialized equipment is not available, and also for high throughput analysis of a large number of samples. Potential applications for antioxidant detection in remote locations are envisioned.
A highly thermostable neutral protease from Bacillus caldolyticus: cloning and expression of the gene in Bacillus subtilis and characterization of the gene product (1991)

By using a gene library of Bacillus caldolyticus constructed in phage lambda EMBL12 and selecting for proteolytically active phages on plates supplemented with 0.8% skim milk, chromosomal B. caldolyticus DNA fragments that specified proteolytic activity were obtained. Subcloning of one of these fragments in a protease-deficient Bacillus subtilis strain resulted in protease proficiency of the host. The nucleotide sequence of a 2-kb HinfI-MluI fragment contained an open reading frame (ORF) that specified a protein of 544 amino acids. This ORF was denoted as the B. caldolyticus npr gene, because the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the ORF were highly similar to that of the Bacillus stearothermophilus npr gene. Additionally, the size, pH optimum, and sensitivity to the specific Npr inhibitor phosphoramidon of the secreted enzyme indicated that the B. caldolyticus enzyme was a neutral protease. The B. sterothermophilus and B. caldolyticus enzymes differed at only three amino acid positions. Nevertheless, the thermostability and optimum temperature of the B. caldolyticus enzyme were 7 to 8 degrees C higher than those of the B. stearothermophilus enzyme. In a three-dimensional model of the B. stearothermophilus Npr the three substitutions (Ala-4 to Thr, Thr-59 to Ala, and Thr-66 to Phe) were present at solvent-exposed positions. The role of these residues in thermostability was analyzed by using site-directed mutagenesis. It was shown that all three amino acid substitutions contributed to the observed difference in thermostability between the neutral proteases from B. stearothermophilus and B. caldolyticus.
The tetravalent formulation of domain III‐capsid proteins recalls memory B‐ and T‐cell responses induced in monkeys by an experimental dengue virus infection (2017)

Tetra DIIIC is a vaccine candidate against dengue virus (DENV) composed by four chimeric proteins that fuse the domain III of the envelope protein of each virus to the corresponding capsid protein. Containing B‐ and T‐cell epitopes, these proteins form aggregates after the incubation with an immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotide, and their tetravalent formulation induces neutralizing antibodies and cellular immune response in mice and monkeys. Also, Tetra DIIIC protects mice after challenge with each DENV, and the monovalent formulation obtained from DENV‐2 protects monkeys upon homologous viral challenge. However, in the last years, new evidences have arisen regarding domain III of DENV envelope protein as irrelevant target for neutralizing antibodies in humans. Nevertheless, vaccination with domain III induces a neutralizing antibody response that confers protection against re‐infection. In addition, it has been demonstrated that the induction of a cellular immune response is essential to protect during the infection. This response can also avoid severe manifestations of dengue disease, associated to the antibody‐dependent enhancement of the infection. In this study, we observed that Tetra DIIIC was able to boost the antiviral and neutralizing antibody responses previously generated in monkeys during an experimental DENV infection, demonstrating that domain III is targeted by B cells during the viral infection. Additionally, Tetra DIIIC successfully boosted the cellular immune response generated by the viruses, probably against T‐cells epitopes in the capsid proteins. These results highlight the functionality of Tetra DIIIC as a vaccine candidate against DENV.
Two New Triterpene Saponins from the Anti‐Inflammatory Saponin Fraction of <i>Ilex pubescens</i> Root (2008)

The saponin fraction from the ethanolic extracts of the root of Ilex pubescens Hook. et Arn. (Ilexaceae) was found to exhibit potent anti-inflammatory effects on carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. Two novel triterpene saponins, pubescenosides C and D (1 and 2, resp.), together with five known saponins were isolated from this saponin fraction. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated as (20beta)-3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl]ursa-12,18-dien-28-oic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester, and (20beta)-3-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl]ursa- 12,18-dien-28-oic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester, respectively, on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic data. Five known saponins isolated from the saponin fraction were identified as ilexsaponin B(1), B(2), B(3), A(1), and chikusetsusaponin IV(a).
Influenza A Virus (H3N8) in Dogs with Respiratory Disease, Florida (2008)

In 2004, canine influenza virus subtype H3N8 emerged in greyhounds in the United States. Subsequent serologic evidence indicated virus circulation in dog breeds other than greyhounds, but the virus had not been isolated from affected animals. In 2005, we conducted virologic investigation of 7 nongreyhound dogs that died from respiratory disease in Florida and isolated influenza subtype H3N8 virus. Antigenic and genetic analysis of A/canine/Jacksonville/2005 (H3N8) and A/canine/Miami/2005 (H3N8) found similarity to earlier isolates from greyhounds, which indicates that canine influenza viruses are not restricted to greyhounds. The hemagglutinin contained 5 conserved amino acid differences that distinguish canine from equine lineages. The antigenic homogeneity of the canine viruses suggests that measurable antigenic drift has not yet occurred. Continued surveillance and antigenic analyses should monitor possible emergence of antigenic variants of canine influenza virus.
Use of the Integrated Flexpin Bearing for Improving the Performance of Epicyclical Gear Systems (2003)

Epicyclical gear systems have typically been equipped with straddle-mounted planetary idlers having pins supported on the input and output sides of the carrier. Torsional wind-up of the carrier, position accuracy of the pins, machining tolerances of the planetary gear system components and bearings clearances can all contribute to a poor load sharing among the planetary idlers as well as misaligned gear contacts in the deflected state. Use of the double-cantilevered flexible pin concept to achieve better load sharing and gear contact patterns among a multiplicity of planetary idlers, has been used to improve reliability in advanced gear drives for many years. The consequence of this practice is to build a compliant epicyclical system that improves power density in the gear length direction because the probability of achieving a properly centered gear contact is increased. The Integrated Flexpin Bearing, the subject of this paper, is capable of achieving additional power density in the gear diameter direction through integration of bearing components, gearing and shafting. This paper presents one designer’s approach to optimizing an Integrated Flexpin Bearing to improve the reliability of an epicyclical gearbox.
N-Propionylated group B meningococcal polysaccharide glycoconjugate vaccine against group B meningococcal meningitis (1997)

Although group B Neisseria meningitidis is responsible for a significant amount of meningococcal meningitis, its capsular polysaccharide is precluded from the current vaccine because of its poor immunogenicity. This phenomenon is attributable to structural mimicry between the group B meningococcal polysaccharide (GBMP) and human tissue antigens. One simple way to avoid this problem is to use as a vaccine a synthetic N-propionylated (NPr) form of the GBMP, which when conjugated to tetanus toxoid (TT), induces, in mice, high titers of bactericidal antibodies against all group B meningococci.
Amplitude-modulated electrostatic nanolithography in polymers based on atomic force microscopy (2003)

Amplitude modulated electrostatic lithography using atomic force microscopy (AFM) on 20–50 nm thin polymer films is discussed. Electric bias of AFM tip increases the distance over which the surface influences the oscillation amplitude of an AFM cantilever, providing a process window to control tip-film separation. Arrays of nanodots, as small as 10–50 nm wide by 1–10 nm high are created via a localized Joule heating of a small fraction of polymer above the glass transition temperature, followed by electrostatic attraction of the polarized viscoelastic polymer melt toward the AFM tip in the strong (108–109 V/m) nonuniform electric field.
Synthesis and Manipulation of Nanophase Magnetic Materials (2002)

Synthesis of various types of inorganic materials, namely metals, ternary metal oxides (ferrites), cadmium sulfide (doped with Mn) and alkaline trifluoromanganates, in their nanocrystalline state is performed in aqueous solutions. Restricting conditions for crystal growth were provided using reverse micelle water-in-oil microemulsions technique. The obtained materials have been characterized using electron microscopy TEM imaging, X-ray diffractometry and SQUID magnetometry. nanoparticles reverse micelles superparamagnetics ferrites ferromagnetic metals metal sulfides metal fluoromanganates
High-energy (nanojoule) femtosecond pulse delivery with record dispersion higher-order mode fiber (2005)

Delivery of high peak-power femtosecond pulses with fibers is constrained by nonlinear distortions accumulated during pulse propagation. We address this problem with a novel, to our knowledge, fiber schematic, where the pulse propagates in a small Aeff (18 microm2) but highly dispersive (record value of approximately -900 ps/nm km) medium, enabled by transmission in the LP02 mode of a few-mode fiber. The novel fiber yields a low dispersion-to-nonlinear-length ratio (due to its large dispersion) despite its small Aeff, hence enabling mitigation of nonlinearities. This enables fiber delivery of distortion-free <150 fs, approximately 1 nJ, and 840 nm pulses--an order-of-magnitude improvement over single-mode fibers of similar Aeff.
The Slab-Design Problem in the Steel Industry (2004)

Planners in the steel industry design a set of steel slabs to satisfy the order book subject to constraints on (1) achieving a total designed weight for each order using multiples of an order-specific production size range, (2) minimum and maximum sizes for each slab, and (3) feasible assignments of multiple orders to the same slab. We developed a heuristic solution based on matchings and bin packing that a large steel plant uses daily in mill operations.