gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DGAT1 Expression Increases Heart Triglyceride Content but Ameliorates Lipotoxicity (2009)

Intracellular lipid accumulation in the heart is associated with cardiomyopathy, yet the precise role of triglyceride (TG) remains unclear. With exercise, wild type hearts develop physiologic hypertrophy. This was associated with greater TG stores and a marked induction of the TG-synthesizing enzyme diacylglycerol (DAG) acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1). Transgenic overexpression of DGAT1 in the heart using the cardiomyocyte- specific α-myosin heavy chain (MHC) promoter led to approximately a doubling of DGAT activity and TG content and reductions of ∼35% in cardiac ceramide, 26% in DAG, and 20% in free fatty acid levels. Cardiac function assessed by echocardiography and cardiac catheterization was unaffected. These mice were then crossed with animals expressing long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase via the MHC promoter (MHC-ACS), which develop lipotoxic cardiomyopathy. MHC-DGAT1XMHC-ACS double transgenic male mice had improved heart function; fractional shortening increased by 74%, and diastolic function improved compared with MHC-ACS mice. The improvement of heart function correlated with a reduction in cardiac DAG and ceramide and reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis but increased fatty acid oxidation. In addition, the survival of the mice was improved. Our study indicates that TG is not likely to be a toxic lipid species directly, but rather it is a feature of physiologic hypertrophy and may serve a cytoprotective role in lipid overload states. Moreover, induction of DGAT1 could be beneficial in the setting of excess heart accumulation of toxic lipids.
Assessment of Promotional Drug Literature Using World Health organisation (Who) Guidelines (2011)

IJAR - Indian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR) IJAR is a double reviewed monthly print journal that accepts research works from scholars, academicians, professors, doctorates, lecturers, and corporate in their respective expertise of studies.
Estimation of inverse kinematics of arbitrary serial chain manipulators and human-like robotic hands (2013)

The general solution for inverse kinematics is a problem known for a long time. A lot of problems, algorithms, etc., depend on inverse kinematics. While solutions for specific serial or parallel chain manipulators exist, a good estimation for an arbitrary serial robot within a short computation time is still missing. We provide not only a tool for the discrete estimation of inverse kinematics of arbitrary serial chain manipulators, but also concepts for inverse kinematics optimization along entire paths (adaptive tunneling) and an approximation of a desired grasp with a human-like robotic hand (virtual shut grasp). The latter concept includes an efficient reduction technique of a complex, arbitrary hand, which enables a fast and accurate estimation of the inverse kinematics of an entire hand. In contrast to existing work, our approach is general, since it is neither restricted to certain configurations of the serial manipulator nor to specific structures of the hand. Moreover, our approach does neither rely on proximate starting positions nor does it require specific properties of the objective function concerning the position of the minima. It works even under the presence of multiple local minima in the solution space. Experiments show the performance of our system. The results of the estimation of the inverse kinematics are very accurate and the maximally required joint speeds along the paths are low.
Premenstrual Complaints. I. Prevalence of Premenstrual Symptoms in a Swedish Urban Population (1986)

The prevalence of premenstrual discomfort was studied in a random sample of 1083 Swedish women. Data were collected by questionnaire and assessments were made by the use of a quantitative scoring system. Mental symptoms in combination with feelings of body-swelling were common, noted in two-thirds (70%) of the women. The prevalence of certain target symptoms of premenstrual discomfort was studied. The mental symptoms were irritability, sadness and anxiety, and the physical symptoms were swelling in 3 areas of the body. Premenstrual anxiety was the only mental symptom shown to increase with age (P < 0.01). The severity of the complaints was neither affected by parity nor by abnormal cycle lengths. Absence from work during the premenstruum was reported by a small number of women and was related to the severity of the premenstrual discomfort.
Modal stability assessment for a morphing aileron subjected to actuation system failures: Numerical analysis supported by test evidence (2016)

The meaningful growth process and the exponential development related to aircraft industry has currently introduced new requirements concerning the fuel burn reduction and the noise emitted. The awareness on meeting the comfort targets implied a significant evolution of the assessments in aircraft design, aimed at reducing the problems that have emerged in empirical investigations. The aircraft renewal process involves targeted technical choices both to careful observance of safety as to the market requirements. In the current “low-noise” research scenario on a global scale, the morphing technology is playing a dominant role for the many benefits available in the greening of the next generation air transport. The research project CRIAQ-MDO505, born by an intense synergy among industries, research centers and universities has allowed for investigating morphing structures potentials through the design and manufacturing of a variable camber aileron tailored for CS-25 category aircraft applications. In this framework, the authors focused on the setup of an advanced finite element model (FEM) and on its validation through ground resonance tests performed on a true-scale prototype. A very good correlation between numerical and experimental modal parameters was proven thus showing the adequacy of the adopted modelling strategies as well as the reliability of the FEM. Relying upon the validated FEM, sensitivity modal analyses were carried out to evaluate the stability of results with respect to single and combined failures of the actuation line enabling morphing. Modal parameters pertinent to each failure scenario were arranged into a rational database for further studies on the aero-servo-elastic behavior of the morphing system.
Reactively Sputtered Iridium Oxide (2007)

Iridium oxide is reactively sputtered onto cold and heated substrates using radio frequency (rf) as well as dc plasma excitation. Oxygen integration rates into the growing film follow similar patterns for all investigated deposition conditions; differences can be explained on the grounds of plasma characteristics. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy show that the type of plasma excitation as well as substrate heating have little effect on the deposited films' chemical compositions but a remarkable effect on their morphologies. The thin films are characterized regarding their use as electrode coatings for neural stimulation, where dc sputtering delivers the best results. Here, the most porous structures are deposited, enabling ion insertion into the material to sites of charge transfer. Repeated potential cycling of in physiological electrolyte toward higher electrochemical activity strongly changes film composition as well as morphology. Activation transforms iridium oxides to hydroxides, leaving a noncompact matrix, easily permeable for water and ionic species.
Polyanionic Antimicrobial Membranes: An Experimental and Theoretical Study (2017)

Polycationic polymers have been widely used as antimicrobial materials because of their broad spectrum activity and potential use as new antibiotics. Herein, we report the synthesis of polyanionic antimicrobial membranes by in situ photo-cross-linking of a sulfate based anionic monomer, followed by cation-exchange with organic (quaternary ammonium or imidazolium) or metal (Ag<sup>+</sup>, Cu<sup>2+</sup>, Fe<sup>3+</sup>, Zn<sup>2+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>) cations. The resultant polyanionic membranes show high and broad spectrum antibacterial activities against both bacteria (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus) and fungi (Candida albicans ). In addition, the polyanionic antimicrobial membranes efficiently inhibited the formation of biofilms by SC5314 and its crk1 gene deleted (Δcrk1) C. albicans strains. Furthermore, the synthesized polyanionic membranes exhibit good blood compatibility, low cytotoxicity and long-term antibacterial stability, demonstrating safe antimicrobial materials in the application of healthcare.
Stochastic Model for Modulus of Elasticity of Lumber (1986)

A model was developed for generating the lengthwise variability in modulus of elasticity (MOE) of lumber.A limited grade selection of southern pine visual and machine stress-rated (MSR) grades formed the basic data base.A second-order Markov model was used to generate serially correlated MOE's along 30-inch segments for a piece of lumber.Modulus of elasticity indexes were obtained by dividinp, each correlated MOE by the average MOE of the piece of lumber.The MOE of each segment was obtained by multiplying ~~L M O E indexes by a single random observation from a distribution of MOE.The distribution characteristics of the generated MOE values are preserved, and the first-and .second-order lengthwise serial correlations are preserved.
Characterization of Autotetraploid Russian Wildrye Produced with Nitrous Oxide (1991)

Poor seedling vigor is a major factor limiting widespread use of Russian wildrye [ Psathyrostachys juncea (Fischer) Nevski] (2 n 2 x = 14) as complementary pasture. Induced polyploidy has been shown to increase plant vigor, particularly seedling vigor, of other diploid species. Objectives of this study were to produce autotetraploids in Russian wildrye using the N 2 O technique and to ascertain meiotic stability and seedling vigor of induced autotetraploids. Spikes were hand emasculated, pollinated, and treated with N 2 O at 0.5 MPa pressure from 20 to 44 h after pollination. Putative diploid and autotetraploid progeny were identified from measurements of stoma length, stoma frequency, and pollen grain diameter. Ploidy classification was verified by chromosome counts from microsporocytes. Fifty‐two progeny were obtained from nine crosses, but only 21 were autotetraploid. One plant was aneuploid, with 29 chromosomes. An average of 0.47 trivalent and 1.96 quadrivalent chromosome configurations were observed per cell at metaphase I, indicating the absence or inactivity of genetic factor(s) conditioning bivalent pairing. Seed set averaged 30 and 27% for diploids and autotetraploids, respectively. Emergence from a 5.0‐cm planting depth in a greenhouse test, a measure of seedling vigor, averaged a significant (P ≤ 0.01) 13% higher for autotetraploids than diploids. Nitrous oxide treatment of Russian wildrye resulted in meiotically stable autotetraploid selections with progenies that were superior in seedling emergence to diploid checks.
An ultrasonic robot eye system for three-dimensional object recognition using neural network (2002)

A novel imaging system has been devised by combining acoustic imaging with neural networks. Information on ultrasonic scattered waves from objects is converted into an acoustic image. Several feature images are calculated, and then a neural network integrates their images and reconstructs a fine image. With this system, using simple shape objects as teaching patterns, images of unknown objects can be restored.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Thru-Only De-Embedding Method Foron-Wafer Characterization of Multiport Networks (2010)

We have reviewed the simple thru-only de-embedding method for characterizing multiport networks at GHz frequencies. It is based on decomposition of a 2n-port into n uncoupled
Lentivirus-Mediated sFlt-1 Gene Fragment Transfer Suppresses Retinal Neovascularization (2009)

Lentivirus-mediated sFlt-1 gene transfer significantly inhibits retinal neovascularization in OIR. Thus, sFlt-1 gene transfer may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing retinal neovascularization.
Adversarial Model for Radio Frequency Identification. (2005)

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems aim to identify objects in open environments with neither physical nor visual contact. They consist of transponders inserted into objects, of readers, and usually of a database which contains information about the objects. The key point is that authorised readers must be able to identify tags without an adversary being able to trace them. Traceability is often underestimated by advocates of the technology and sometimes exaggerated by its detractors. Whatever the true picture, this problem is a reality when it blocks the deployment of this technology and some companies, faced with being boycotted, have already abandoned its use. Using cryptographic primitives to thwart the traceability issues is an approach which has been explored for several years. However, the research carried out up to now has not provided satisfactory results as no universal formalism has been defined. In this paper, we propose an adversarial model suitable for RFID environments. We define the notions of existential and universal untraceability and we model the access to the communication channels from a set of oracles.
Three-dimensional terahertz pulse imaging of dental tissue (2003)

There are unresolved clinical problems that require the provision of accurate 3-D images of tissue structures such as teeth. In particular, measurements of dental enamel thickness are necessary to quantify problems associated with enamel erosion, yet currently there is no nondestructive method to obtain this information. We present a method that relies on the use of pulsed terahertz radiation to gain 3-D information from dental tissues. We discuss results from 14 samples and demonstrate that we can reliably and accurately quantify enamel thickness. We show that in a series of 22 surfaces, we can image pertinent subsurface features 91% of the time. Example images are shown where structures in teeth at depth are rendered accurate to within 10 microm. We discuss issues that arise using this imaging method and propose ways in which it could be used in clinical practice.
Yummy New Year (2016)

另一方面，大约只有一半的新生被评定为情绪处于高度健康水平，这是有史以来最低的比例；而那些表示自己经常沮丧的学生人数已从2009年的6％上升到9．5％。研究表示，情感脆弱的学生比较不满意大学生活，并且难以建立归属感。
Radiomics of Lung Nodules: A Multi-Institutional Study of Robustness and Agreement of Quantitative Imaging Features (2016)

Radiomics is to provide quantitative descriptors of normal and abnormal tissues during classification and prediction tasks in radiology and oncology. Quantitative Imaging Network members are developing radiomic "feature" sets to characterize tumors, in general, the size, shape, texture, intensity, margin, and other aspects of the imaging features of nodules and lesions. Efforts are ongoing for developing an ontology to describe radiomic features for lung nodules, with the main classes consisting of size, local and global shape descriptors, margin, intensity, and texture-based features, which are based on wavelets, Laplacian of Gaussians, Law's features, gray-level co-occurrence matrices, and run-length features. The purpose of this study is to investigate the sensitivity of quantitative descriptors of pulmonary nodules to segmentations and to illustrate comparisons across different feature types and features computed by different implementations of feature extraction algorithms. We calculated the concordance correlation coefficients of the features as a measure of their stability with the underlying segmentation; 68% of the 830 features in this study had a concordance CC of ≥0.75. Pairwise correlation coefficients between pairs of features were used to uncover associations between features, particularly as measured by different participants. A graphical model approach was used to enumerate the number of uncorrelated feature groups at given thresholds of correlation. At a threshold of 0.75 and 0.95, there were 75 and 246 subgroups, respectively, providing a measure for the features' redundancy.
Magnetic Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata: Recent Developments and Prospects (2008)

Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is a computational paradigm that uses local physical coupling between nominally identical bistable building blocks (cells) assembled into arrays to perform binary logic functions.QCA offers low power dissipation and high integration density of functional elements.Depending upon the choice of local fields causing interactions between the cells, different types of QCA are possible, such as magnetic, electronic, or optical.Here we discuss recent developments in the field of magnetic QCA (MQCA) all-magnetic logic where planar, magnetically-coupled, nanometer-scale magnets are assembled into the networks that perform binary computation.The nanomagnets are defined by electron beam lithography.We demonstrate the operation of basic elements of MQCA architecture such as binary wire, three input majority logic gate, and their combination, and discuss interfacing such systems with conventional CMOS-based logic.
Rational design of peptide-based building blocks for nanoscience and synthetic biology (2009)

The rational design of peptides that fold to form discrete nanoscale objects, and/ or self-assemble into nanostructured materials is an exciting challenge. Such efforts test and extend our understanding of sequence-to-structure relationships in proteins, and potentially provide materials for applications in bionanotechnology. Over the past decade or so, rules for the folding and assembly of one particular protein-structure motif--the alpha-helical coiled coil have advanced sufficiently to allow the confident design of novel peptides that fold to prescribed structures. Coiled coils are based on interacting alpha-helices, and guide and cement many protein-protein interactions in nature. As such, they present excellent starting points for building complex objects and materials that span the nano-to-micron scales from the bottom up. Along with others, we have translated and extended our understanding of coiled-coil folding and assembly to develop novel peptide-based biomaterials. Herein, we outline briefly the rules for the folding and assembly of coiled-coil motifs, and describe how we have used them in de novo design of discrete nanoscale objects and soft synthetic biomaterials. Moreover, we describe how the approach can be extended to other small, independently folded protein motifs--such as zinc fingers and EF-hands--that could be incorporated into more complex, multi-component synthetic systems and new hybrid and responsive biomaterials.
Ffuzz: Towards full system high coverage fuzz testing on binary executables (2018)

Bugs and vulnerabilities in binary executables threaten cyber security. Current discovery methods, like fuzz testing, symbolic execution and manual analysis, both have advantages and disadvantages when exercising the deeper code area in binary executables to find more bugs. In this paper, we designed and implemented a hybrid automatic bug finding tool-Ffuzz-on top of fuzz testing and selective symbolic execution. It targets full system software stack testing including both the user space and kernel space. Combining these two mainstream techniques enables us to achieve higher coverage and avoid getting stuck both in fuzz testing and symbolic execution. We also proposed two key optimizations to improve the efficiency of full system testing. We evaluated the efficiency and effectiveness of our method on real-world binary software and 844 memory corruption vulnerable programs in the Juliet test suite. The results show that Ffuzz can discover software bugs in the full system software stack effectively and efficiently.
Design, Synthesis, and Structure–Activity Relationship Studies of Novel 3-Alkylindole Derivatives as Selective and Highly Potent Myeloperoxidase Inhibitors (2013)

Due to its production of potent antimicrobial oxidants including hypochlorous acid, human myeloperoxidase (MPO) plays a critical role in innate immunity and inflammatory diseases. Thus MPO is an attractive target in drug design. (Aminoalkyl)fluoroindole derivatives were detected to be very potent MPO inhibitors; however, they also promote inhibition of the serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT) at the same concentration range. Via structure-based drug design, a new series of MPO inhibitors derived from 3-alkylindole were synthesized and their effects were assessed on MPO-mediated taurine chlorination and low-density lipoprotein oxidation as well as on inhibition of SERT. The fluoroindole compound with three carbons in the side chain and one amide group exhibited a selectivity index of 35 (Ki/IC50) with high inhibition of MPO activity (IC50 = 18 nM), whereas its effect on SERT was in the micromolar range. Structure-function relationships, mechanism of action, and safety of the molecule are discussed.
Review - Genetic-polymorphism in ovine milk-proteins (1994)

Studies upon genetic polymorphism in ovine milk proteins, including methods of analysis and the potential technological application, are reviewed. In the casein fraction the existence of one genetic variant for alpha(s1)-casein (alpha(s1)-CN), the Welsh casein, and two variants for alpha(s2)-CN were proven. One of them has been described for the first time in Manchega ewe's milk breed. For kappa- and beta-CN a non-genetic polymorphism, due to various degrees of glycosilation (kappa-CN) and phosphorilation, (beta-CN) has been described. In addition, for beta-CN several types of variant profiles were observed by means of electrophoresis at alkaline pH. In the whey protein fraction, three genetic variants (A, B and C) were described for beta-lactoglobulin (beta-Lg) and two for alpha-lactalbumin (alpha-La).
Myeloid specific human CD33 is an inhibitory receptor with differential ITIM function in recruiting the phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2 (2000)

CD33 is a myeloid specific member of the sialic acid-binding receptor family and is expressed highly on myeloid progenitor cells but at much lower levels in differentiated cells. Human CD33 has two tyrosine residues in its cytoplasmic domain (Y340 and Y358). When phosphorylated, these tyrosines could function as docking sites for the phosphatases, SHP-1 and/or SHP-2, enabling CD33 to function as an inhibitory receptor. Here we demonstrate that CD33 is tyrosine phosphorylated in the presence of the phosphatase inhibitor, pervanadate, and recruits SHP-1 and SHP-2. Co-expression studies suggest that the Src-family kinase Lck is effective at phosphorylating Y340, but not Y358, suggesting that these residues may function in the selective recruitment of adapter molecules and have distinct functions. Further support for overlapping, but nonredundant, roles for Y340 and Y358 comes from peptide-binding studies that revealed the recruitment of both SHP-1 and SHP-2 to Y340 but only SHP-2 to Y358. Analysis using mutants of SHP-1 demonstrated that binding Y340 of CD33 was primarily to the amino Src homology-2 domain of SHP-1. The potential of CD33 to function as an inhibitory receptor was demonstrated by its ability to down-regulate CD64-induced calcium mobilization in U937. The dependence of this inhibition on SHP-1 was demonstrated by blocking CD33-mediated effects with dominant negative SHP-1. This result implies that CD33 is an inhibitory receptor and also that SHP-1 phosphatase has a significant role in mediating CD33 function. Further studies are essential to identify the receptor(s) that CD33 inhibits in vivo and its function in myeloid lineage development.