gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Oxygen Separation through Robust Freeze‐Cast Bilayered Dual‐Phase Membranes (2014)

Dual-phase oxygen-permeable asymmetric membranes with enhanced oxygen permeation were prepared by combining freeze-casting, screen-printing, and constraint-sintering techniques. The membranes were evaluated under oxyfuel operating conditions. The prepared membranes are composed of an original ice-templated La(0.6)Sr(0.4)Co(0.2)Fe(0.8)O(3-δ) support with hierarchically oriented porosity and a top fully densified bilayered coating comprising a 10 μm-thick La(0.6)Sr(0.4)Co(0.2)Fe(0.8)O(3-δ) layer and a top protective 8 μm-thick layer made of an optimized NiFe2O4/Ce(0.8)Tb(0.2)O(2-δ) composite synthesized by the one-pot Pechini method. Preliminary analysis confirmed the thermochemical compatibility of the three involved phases at high temperature without any additional phase detected. This membrane exhibited a promising oxygen permeation value of 4.8 mL min(-1) cm(-2) at 1000 °C upon using Ar and air as the sweep and feed gases, respectively. Mimicking oxyfuel operating conditions by switching argon to pure CO2 as a sweep gas at 1000 °C and air as feed enabled an oxygen flux value of 5.6 mL min(-1) cm(-2) to be reached. Finally, under the same conditions and increasing the oxygen partial pressure to 0.1 MPa in the feed, the oxygen permeation reached 12 mL min(-1) cm(-2). The influence of CO2 content in the sweep gas was studied and its reversible and positive effect over oxygen permeation at temperatures equal to or above 950 °C was revealed. Finally, the membrane stability over a period of 150 h under CO2-rich sweep gas showed a low degradation rate of 2.4×10(-2) mL min(-1) cm(-2) per day.
Ad Hoc Autonomous Agent Teams: Collaboration without Pre-Coordination (2010)

As autonomous agents proliferate in the real world, both in software and robotic settings, they will increasingly need to band together for cooperative activities with previously unfamiliar teammates. In such ad hoc team settings, team strategies cannot be developed a priori. Rather, an agent must be prepared to cooperate with many types of teammates: it must collaborate without pre-coordination. This paper challenges the AI community to develop theory and to implement prototypes of ad hoc team agents. It defines the concept of ad hoc team agents, specifies an evaluation paradigm, and provides examples of possible theoretical and empirical approaches to challenge. The goal is to encourage progress towards this ambitious, newly realistic, and increasingly important research goal.
A Genetic Map and Recombination Parameters of the Human Malaria Parasite <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> (1999)

Genetic investigations of malaria require a genome-wide, high-resolution linkage map of Plasmodium falciparum. A genetic cross was used to construct such a map from 901 markers that fall into 14 inferred linkage groups corresponding to the 14 nuclear chromosomes. Meiotic crossover activity in the genome proved high (17 kilobases per centimorgan) and notably uniform over chromosome length. Gene conversion events and spontaneous microsatellite length changes were evident in the inheritance data. The markers, map, and recombination parameters are facilitating genome sequence assembly, localization of determinants for such traits as virulence and drug resistance, and genetic studies of parasite field populations.
MRI Distortion and Stereotactic Neurosurgery Using the Cosman-Roberts-Wells and Leksell Frames (1996)

When not corrected, geometrically distorted magnetic resonance images may be unsuitable for stereotactic intracranial neurosurgical procedures where accuracy of target localization is critical. On a GE Signa 1.5-tesla system, we implemented an imaging protocol designed to improve the accuracy of the determination of target coordinates by means of multiple scans utilizing reversal of the frequency-encoded readout gradient. Using a Cosman-Roberts-Wells (CRW) frame and a phantom, geometric shifts of important image features were found to occur. In patients undergoing functional neurosurgical procedures with the CRW system, localization of the posterior commissure by corrected MR images was compared to that obtained by intraoperative ventriculography. Unexpectedly, severe distortions in MR images were revealed by the studies, with shifts of some fiducial markers of 10 mm from their estimated true position. Most of this distortion was attributable to the magnetic properties of the stereotactic frame, and could be eliminated by appropriate design and manufacture of the frame system. Images obtained with an MRI-compatible Leksell stereotactic frame were found to be relatively free of major geometric distortion. This study points out that properties of frame systems used for stereotactic neurosurgery may greatly influence the accuracy of frame-based stereotactic neurosurgery, and that the accuracy of these frame systems is testable.
Interleukin-6: Molecule in the Intersection of Cancer, Ageing and COVID-19 (2020)

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine with multifaceted effects playing a remarkable role in the initiation of the immune response. The increased level of this cytokine in the elderly seems to be associated with the chronic inflammatory setting of the microenvironment in aged individuals. IL-6 also represents one of the main signals in communication between cancer cells and their non-malignant neighbours within the tumour niche. IL-6 also participates in the development of a premetastatic niche and in the adjustment of the metabolism in terminal-stage patients suffering from a malignant disease. IL-6 is a fundamental factor of the cytokine storm in patients with severe COVID-19, where it is responsible for the fatal outcome of the disease. A better understanding of the role of IL-6 under physiological as well as pathological conditions and the preparation of new strategies for the therapeutic control of the IL-6 axis may help to manage the problems associated with the elderly, cancer, and serious viral infections.
Pulsed‐Potential Oxidation of Methanol (1988)

Methanol oxidation on a platinum electrode at an overvoltage appropriate for fuel‐cell application is incomplete; a poisonous partial‐oxidation product, thought to be , is formed. The poison may be oxidatively removed to regenerate the surface, but the cell may not produce power at the requisite polarization. A periodic, pulsed‐potential control strategy was examined as a means to regenerate in situ a platinum electrode which was otherwise poisoned by methanol oxidation from a and solution at 50°C. The potential was held at a high anodic polarization (1.18V vs. NHE) for time , and for the remainder of the cycle the potential was held at a less anodic value (0.4 or 0.6V). The total cycle time was varied from 0.2 to 10s with varied from 0.05 to 0.4. The average current during each segment of the polarization cycle was calculated from the coulombs measured in that segment, and . The average current at increased with the frequency or ; the coulombic efficiency, , decreased with increasing; and, the faradaic efficiency calculated from the blank‐corrected coulomb ratio has a maximum in . The effects are more pronounced for than at 0.6V, with the average current under pulsed‐potential control increased nearly two orders of magnitude above the steady‐state current at 0.4V. The power output from a fuel cell will be increased under pulsed‐potential operation with an optimum combination of waveform parameters existing which maximize power production.
A multi-disciplinary mechatronics course with assessment-integrating theory and application through laboratory activities (2012)

The mechatronics course for undergraduate and graduate level engineering students, a technical elective offered by the Departmentof Mechanical Engineering at Clemson University, promotes the exploration of mechatronic system integration concepts. Thecourse objectives are to create a collaborative environment for the multi-disciplinary engineering students, provide hands-onexperience with mechatronic systems, develop teamwork, leadership, and project management skills, and prepare the students for current industry standards. The holistic course activities include studying fundamental knowledge from mechanical, electrical,computer, industrial, and robotics engineering, which is re-enforced through laboratory experiments and semester long projects.The design projects foster collaborative teamwork activities and offer the opportunity for in-depth experience with sensors,actuators, and material handling systems. The course assessment, which establishes a basis for continuous improvement, considersstudent performances, their written feedback on qualitative surveys, and feedback offered by an advisory panel composed ofindustry experts and faculty members. The assessment methods evaluate the performance of students and the course to furtherimprove the overall learning experience. Past evaluation results have shown that the students consistently improved in four learninggoals and the advisory panel offered favorable remarks about the course.
High-performance hybrid silicon and lithium niobate Mach–Zehnder modulators for over 100 Gbit/s (2019)

Based on a Silicon and Lithium Niobate hybrid integration platform, we demonstrate Mach-Zehnder modulators that feature low insertion loss, low drive voltage, large modulation bandwidth, high linearity, compact footprint and low manufacturing cost. The hybrid platform demonstrated here opens up new avenues for future high-speed and energy efficient networks.
The role of hydrogen in vapor deposition of diamond (1989)

The effect of hydrogen addition on growth of diamond films under the conditions of chemical vapor deposition was investigated computationally. A detailed chemical kinetic mechanism was composed to describe the evolution of reaction species in pyrolysis of hydrogen- and argon-diluted methane mixtures with imposed temperature profiles, simulating the gas-phase conditions of diamond film growth in an idealized hot-filament reactor. The reaction mechanism was comprised of two basic parts: decomposition of methane, and formation and growth of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; it contained a total of 120 elementary reactions and 45 chemical species. The reaction rate coefficients included temperature and pressure dependencies. The computations were performed for a variety of initial conditions, elucidating the effects of critical parameters on the product composition in the regime of diamond deposition. Analysis of the computational results indicated that the key role of the hydrogen addition in the diamond deposition process is to suppress the formation of aromatic species by H2 in the gas phase and thereby to prevent the formation and growth of nondiamond, graphitic phases on the deposition surface.
Analysis of Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy in Practice From Electronic Health Record Data of Patients With Breast Cancer (2017)

This study describes long-term adjuvant endocrine treatment in real-world settings and demonstrates the ability to leverage longitudinal EHR data to characterize oral medication treatment patterns in patients with cancer.
Synthesis of the Axially Substituted Titanium Pc-C<sub>60</sub> Dyad with a Convenient Method (2005)

[structure: see text] We successfully synthesized the axially substituted titanium Pc-C(60) dyad with a convenient method that improves on the traditional asymmetrical phthalocyanine routine to covalently linked phthalocyanines with other functional molecules. The intramolecular photoinduced process between phthalocyanine donor and fullerene acceptor was preliminarily studied.
Optical vortex solitons observed in Kerr nonlinear media (1992)

Optical vortex-soliton filaments are observed in a bulk self-defocusing Kerr nonlinear refractive medium. The dark cylindrical core, located at the axis of a 2\ensuremath{\pi} helical phase ramp, is stationary and stable, with a size that depends inversely on the field strength. Wave guiding of a weak probe beam within the core is reported. A single optical vortex soliton was experimentally created using a quasihelical phase mask. Pairs having opposite topological charge were experimentally and numerically investigated using a convective Kelvin-Helmholtz instability of dark soliton stripes.
The Genetics of Resistance to Plant Viruses (1990)

Beneficial microbes in the microbiome of plant roots improve plant health. Induced systemic resistance (ISR) emerged as an important mechanism by which selected plant growth–promoting bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere prime the whole plant body for ...Read More
Building an HIV-Proof Immune System (2007)

Despite past setbacks in the field of gene therapy, several research teams are testing whether that strategy can provide people with immune cells that are more resistant to HIV or that can cripple the virus
Simple FinFET gate doping technique for dipole-engineered Vt tuning and CET scaling (2012)

In this paper, we report a Vt tuning technique by dipole-engineering dopant incorporation in the FinFET metal gate stack. Remote interfacial layer scavenging induced by the metal gate dopants has an added advantage of improving the CET, without impacting short channel behavior. Using Al as the dipole-inducing dopant in a FinFET gate stack, a 170mV of positive Vt shift with 0.8Å CETinv reduction was demonstrated. Dopant profiles can be tailored to simply render a CET reduction alone without any Vt tuning, if needed. These results demonstrate key progress towards realizing multi Vt FinFET device architectures for 20nm node and beyond.
Vein Grafts Used as Nerve Conduits for Obstetrical Brachial Plexus Palsy Reconstruction (2007)

The authors suggest that tubulization techniques should be kept in mind in clinical practice when autologous nerve grafts are insufficient for distal target connectivity or as an alternative to conventional nerve grafts for bridging certain nerve defects.
Corona discharge radical emission spectroscopy: a multi-channel detector with nose-type function for discrimination analysis (2013)

A simple and economical multi-channel optical sensor using corona discharge radical emission spectroscopy is developed and explored as an optical nose for discrimination analysis of volatile organic compounds, wines, and even isomers.
Synergy between <i>Tannerella forsythia</i> and <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i> in biofilm formation (2004)

During dental plaque formation, the interaction of different organisms is important in the development of complex communities. Fusobacterium nucleatum is considered a 'bridge-organism' that facilitates colonization of other bacteria by coaggregation-mediated mechanisms and possibly by making the environment conducive for oxygen intolerant anaerobes. These studies were carried out to determine whether coaggregation between F. nucleatum and Tannerella forsythia is important in the formation of mixed species biofilms. Further, the role of BspA protein, a surface adhesin of T. forsythia, in coaggregation and biofilm formation was investigated. The results showed the development of synergistic mixed biofilms of F. nucleatum and T. forsythia when these bacteria were cocultured. The BspA protein was not involved in biofilm formation. Though BspA plays a role in coaggregation with F. nucleatum, presumably other adhesins are also involved. The synergistic biofilm formation between the two species was dependent on cell-cell contact and soluble components of the bacteria were not required. This study demonstrates that there is a positive synergy between F. nucleatum and T. forsythia in the development of mixed biofilms and that the cell-cell interaction is essential for this phenomenon.
RAOUL LEFEVRE, Le Recoeil des Histoires de Troyes. Édition critique par Marc AESCHBACH, Bern, Peter Lang, 1987, 563 p. (« Publications universitaires européennes, série 13 : langue et littérature françaises », 120) (1990)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Chiral Recognition Via Host–Guest Interactions Detected by Fast‐atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry: Principles and Limitations (1997)

An intensity function combining peak intensities in the same manner as that in which equilibrium constants combine ion activities is suggested for chracterization of enantioselectivity by fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry. The intensity function combined with the use of two internal standards, one similar to the host, one to the guest compounds is shown to give excellent results: The enantioselectivity is better by up to factor of 10 than that obtained using one internal standard only, and its reproducibility is ca. a factor of 10 better, than that obtained using relative peak intensitities (the RPI method). © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of carbonate salt addition on the photocatalytic decomposition of liquid water over Pt–TiO2 catalyst (1997)

It has been found that an addition of carbonate salts to Pt-loaded TiO 2 suspensions led to highly efficient stoichiometric photocatalytic decomposition of liquid water into H 2 and O 2 . Neither the pH nor cation directly contributes to the water splitting, and the presence of a high concentration of carbonate ions is essential for the catalytic photodecomposition of water. The carbonate ion affects both the Pt particles and the TiO 2 surface. The Pt was covered with some titanium hydroxide compounds and, therefore, the rate of the back reaction (H 2 O formation from H 2 and O 2 ) on the Pt was suppressed effectively in the presence of carbonate ions. On the other hand, the TiO 2 surface was readily covered with several types of carbonate species. It is considered that these carbonate species aid desorption of O 2 from the TiO 2 surface. A new reaction mechanism involving peroxocarbonates has been proposed.
Electromagnetic field analysis and dynamic simulation of a two-valve solenoid actuator (1993)

A vector potential finite-element model (FEM) and computational scheme are developed for the evaluation and improvement of the dynamic performance of axisymmetric two-valve solenoid actuators. The derivation of the magnetic energy functional corrects errors that are found in previous formulations. The model is used to study the magnetic characteristics and dynamic behavior of a prototype solenoid valve. Calculated results, including the magnetic force and coil inductance as functions of the coil current and plunger position, as well as the closing and opening times for both valves, show good agreement with measured data. Suggestions are made for a design with better performance, and the superiority is verified by tests. Results indicate that the model and computations are an effective tool for the design of magnetic solenoid valves.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
FPGA based preliminary CAD for kidney on IoT enabled portable ultrasound imaging system (2014)

Ultrasound imaging has been widely used for preliminary diagnosis as it is non-invasive and has good scope for the doctors to analyze many diseases. Lack of trained sonographers make ultrasound imaging diagnosis time consuming to detect any abnormality. Sometimes the problem cannot exactly be identified which may lead to error in diagnosis. Hence in this paper we present computer aided automatic detection of abnormality in kidney on the ultrasound system itself, to decrease the time for reports and not to depend on the sonographer. We classified the kidney as normal and abnormal case. Segment the kidney region and extract Intensity histogram features and Haralick features from Gray Level Cooccurnace Matrix (GLCM). These features are calculated for a set of large data containing both normal and abnormal cases. Abnormal case includes kidney stone, cyst and bacterial infection. Standard deviation for each parameter is observed, considered only those features with less deviation and implemented on FPGA Kintex board. If the range of mean value is 1.08 to 1.336, skewness is 2.882 to 7.708, Kurtosis is 1.06 to 71.152, Cluster Shade is 72 to 243, Homogeneity is 0.993 to 0.998, the observed kidney image is normal otherwise abnormal.
Effects of pymetrozine, an antifeedant of Hemiptera, on Asian citrus psyllid, <i>Diaphorina citri</i>, feeding behavior, survival and transmission of <i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter asiaticus (2010)

Pymetrozine exhibited moderate antifeedant effects by modifying the feeding behavior of ACP adults with short residual activity. The impact of pymetrozine on survival of nymphs was greater than on adults at the higher concentrations tested. Pymetrozine also reduced the acquisition and transmission of Las by feeding ACP adults up to 21 and 18%, respectively, compared with untreated controls.
Dynamic digital subtraction imaging using fast low-angle shot MR movie sequence. (1986)

High-quality magnetic resonance (MR) images can be recorded within seconds with the use of fast low-angle shot (FLASH) MR imaging. This technique also gives new access to the time evolution of both periodic functions, such as cardiac motion, and nonperiodic physiologic processes, such as flow within internal organs. The time course and regional distribution of dynamic processes detectable by FLASH MR movies are often demonstrated best within series of difference images obtained by digital subtraction of the original data, especially after the use of MR contrast agents. In addition, quantitative information is provided by the analysis of time-intensity profiles for selected regions of interest. Dynamic digital subtraction MR imaging was evaluated in rabbit brain and kidney using a 2.3-T, 40-cm-bore magnet. The time resolution was 1.5 seconds for brain studies and 28 seconds for kidney studies. The total examination times were 1.5 and 30 minutes, respectively.
Presence of laminin-binding proteins in trichomonads and their role in adhesion. (1988)

Adhesion is regarded as an important feature in the pathogenesis of various microorganisms. Ability to recognize extracellular matrix proteins, such as laminin or fibronectin, has been correlated with invasiveness. We report that laminin enhances the adhesion of the parasitic protozoa Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus to a polystyrene substrate and to the surface of epithelial cells (Madin-Darby canine kidney cell line) in vitro. The enhancement was higher for T. vaginalis than for T. foetus. Addition of anti-laminin antibodies to medium significantly inhibited the adhesion of parasites to polystyrene substrate. Indirect immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy of replicas of the parasite's surface labeled with antibody-gold complexes showed laminin-binding sites distributed over the parasite surface. Iodinated P1 fragment of laminin, which retains the laminin-binding site, binds saturably to the parasite surface with a Kd of 19.5 nM, for about 3 X 10(5) binding sites per cell. Immunoblotting analysis of whole parasite extracts showed that a protein of 118 kDa is responsible for laminin binding.
Costs of Lower-Extremity Ulcers Among Patients With Diabetes (2004)

The high costs of treating diabetic lower-extremity ulcers emphasize the value of intensive outpatient interventions designed to prevent ulcer progression.