gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrophysiology of Pulmonary Veins (2005)

Pulmonary veins were found to be important foci for the genesis and maintenance of atrial fibrillation. Morphological studies have demonstrated the presence of complex anatomic structures and different types of cardiomyocytes in pulmonary veins. Numerous studies have suggested that the combination of reentrant and nonreentrant mechanisms (automaticity and triggered activity) are the underlying arrhythmogenic mechanisms of atrial fibrillation initiation from the pulmonary veins. Electropharmacological studies further indicated that pulmonary veins contained distinct arrhythmogenic activity. Several experimental models have been used to study the pulmonary vein electrical activity and demonstrate the precipitating factors for enhancing the pulmonary vein arrhythmogenic activity. The aim of this review article is to provide a critical overview of the current understanding of the basic and clinical electrophysiology of pulmonary veins and to underscore the importance of future research in this field.
FTIR Identification of the Supported Phases Produced in the Preparation of Silica-Supported Nickel Catalysts (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFTIR Identification of the Supported Phases Produced in the Preparation of Silica-Supported Nickel CatalystsM. Kermarec, J. Y. Carriat, P. Burattin, M. Che, and A. DecarreauCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 46, 12008–12017Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100097a029https://doi.org/10.1021/j100097a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views786Altmetric-Citations95LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
IPTV service assurance (2006)

This article discusses service assurance aspects specific to IPTV services and video quality. Classic network monitoring generally ensures that each network element, network segment, and subnetwork is functioning reliably, and may also encompass routing and reachability across different network domains. IPTV service assurance can encompass much more, including subscriber management and authorization, capacity management, perceived video picture quality, and error correction and concealment; accomplished through integrated test and monitoring for rapid resolution of customer complaints. This is all needed to ensure that the customer has an overall video quality of experience (QoE) at least as enjoyable as current TV delivery methods
Selectivity of commonly used pharmacological inhibitors for cystathionine β synthase (<scp>CBS</scp>) and cystathionine γ lyase (<scp>CSE</scp>) (2013)

In conclusion, although PAG, AVG and BCA exhibit selectivity in inhibiting CSE versus CBS, no selective pharmacological CBS inhibitor is currently available.
A high quality factor bulk-CMOS switch-based digitally programmable RF capacitor (2014)

A digitally programmable capacitor in bulk-CMOS technology is demonstrated. Based on a 130 nm standard bulk-CMOS process of Infineon, this circuit uses switched metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitances to vary the capacitance. Using 6 bits, the capacitor can be digitally programmed from 1 to 10 pF in 160 fF steps in the radio frequency (RF) range up to 2.7 GHz and shows a maximum quality factor of 88 at 1 GHz at a tuning ratio of 10. The size of the chip, including the charge pump, 1.8 V to 3.6 V voltage regulator and digital MIPI control interface, is 1256 × 856 µm2. The circuit draws a current of 75 µA at 2.8 V supply voltage.
Adaptive Range-Doppler Imaging and Target Parameter Estimation in Multistatic Active Sonar Systems (2014)

Multistatic active sonar systems involve the transmission and reception of multiple probing sequences. Since the multiple simultaneously transmitted probing sequences act as interferences to one another, adaptive receiver filters are needed for interference suppression and for target range-Doppler imaging. Two adaptive receiver designs, namely, the iterative adaptive approach (IAA) and the sparse learning via iterative minimization (SLIM) method, are considered for range-Doppler imaging via multistatic active sonar. The so-obtained range-Doppler images allow us to further estimate the target parameters. Specifically, we use the popular quasi-Newton method for target position estimation and the least squares (LS) fitting approach for target velocity determination. The effectiveness of the proposed multistatic active sonar signal processing techniques is verified using numerical examples.
Differential diagnosis: retroperitoneal fibrosis and oncological diseases (2019)

Retroperitoneal fibrosis is a connective disease of the auto-inflammatory/auto-immune type of the retroperitoneum with unknown etiology and pathological mechanism. The manifestations of the pathology can be local or systemic. Amongst the local symptoms, the dull and constant pain in the hips, back or abdomen is the most frequent. We report here a case of a 47-year-old woman, whose pathogenic mechanism could be related to an "IgG4-related disease" disorder as suggested by an increased serum level of this subclass of IgG and the positive immunohistochemistry. The diagnosis is not easy, because this pathology generates masses; adenomegalies with retro peritoneal development, that makes it similar to lymphomas or metastases from ovarian tumors.
Influence of contact pressure and moisture on the signal quality of a newly developed textile ECG sensor shirt (2008)

A newly developed textile integrated sensor shirt, called “ITcares” (Intelligent Textile for CArdio REspiratory Sensing), is presented. Textile integrated ECG sensors are known to be highly depended on the electrode-skin-impedance. Two main influence factors on the skin-electrode impedance are: 1. contact pressure and 2. moisture. Systematic measurements were performed with additional sensors to evaluate the ECG signal quality. Furthermore, signal-to-noise ratios were calculated as a quantitative measure.
Charge Transport and Conductance Switching of Redox‐Active Azulene Derivatives (2016)

Azulene (Az) is a non-alternating, aromatic hydrocarbon composed of a five-membered, electron-rich and a seven-membered, electron-poor ring; an electron distribution that provides intrinsic redox activity. By varying the attachment points of the two electrode-bridging substituents to the Az center, the influence of the redox functionality on charge transport is evaluated. The conductance of the 1,3 Az derivative is at least one order of magnitude lower than those of the 2,6 Az and 4,7 Az derivatives, in agreement with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. In addition, only 1,3 Az exhibits pronounced nonlinear current-voltage characteristics with hysteresis, indicating a bias-dependent conductance switching. DFT identifies the LUMO to be nearest to the Fermi energy of the electrodes, but to be an active transport channel only in the case of the 2,6 and the 4,7 Az derivatives, whereas the 1,3 Az derivative uses the HOMO at low and the LUMO+1 at high bias. In return, the localized, weakly coupled LUMO of 1,3 Az creates a slow electron-hopping channel responsible for the voltage-induced switching due to the occupation of a single molecular orbital (MO).
Trans-isolate medium: a new medium for primary culturing and transport of Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae (1984)

A diphasic medium, Trans-Isolate medium, was developed for the transport of primary cultures of cerebrospinal fluids from patients with bacterial meningitis. It consists of a charcoal-starch agar slant and soybean-casein digest-gelatin broth buffered at pH 7.2 with 0.1 M 3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid buffer. In the laboratory, this medium supported the growth and survival of stock cultures of Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae for at least 3 months. Under field conditions in Africa, cerebrospinal fluids from patients suspected of having bacterial meningitis were inoculated directly onto plates of chocolate agar medium and into bottles of Trans-Isolate medium. An etiological agent was isolated from 52 spinal fluids by direct plating. After shipment to Atlanta, Ga., 2 to 4 weeks later, the same etiological agents were recovered from 38 bottles of Trans-Isolate medium.
Randomized clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of a 5-day ceftiofur hydrochloride intramammary treatment on nonsevere gram-negative clinical mastitis (2011)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of intramammary treatment with ceftiofur hydrochloride of nonsevere, clinical coliform mastitis. One hundred four cases on 5 farms met the enrollment criteria for the study. Escherichia coli was the most common coliform species identified in milk samples from cows with mild to moderate clinical mastitis, followed by Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp. At enrollment, a milk sample from the affected quarter was taken and used for on-farm culture or submitted to the laboratory. For cows in the treatment group, treatment was initiated with ceftiofur hydrochloride via intramammary infusion at 24-h intervals for 5 d according to label standards. Cows in the control group did not receive treatment. Culture results were available on the day after enrollment and only cows with coliform mastitis continued in the treatment and untreated control groups. Bacteriological cure was defined based on 2 posttreatment milk samples. Molecular typing was used for final definition of bacteriological cure. Treatment of nonsevere clinical gram-negative mastitis with ceftiofur hydrochloride resulted in a significant increase in bacteriological cure compared with nontreated controls in animals infected with E. coli or Klebsiella spp. Treated animals clinically improved significantly more compared with control cows. No significant differences were observed between treated and control animals in milk production or linear score before or after clinical mastitis. Treated animals left the study less frequently compared with control animals.
Surface waves in integrated-optics elements with distributed coupling (review) (1978)

A review is given of the literature on the interaction and conversion of surface waves in integrated-optics elements with distributed coupling. A general description is given of the distributed coupling of surface waves in thin-film waveguides and a detailed investigation is made of their interaction and conversion in waveguides with periodically modulated parameters. The different types of periodic modulation of the parameters of thin-film waveguides are discussed and compared. The main elements and devices in integrated-optics systems based on periodic diffraction-grating structures are examined. The possibility of using "aperiodic" grating structures in integrated optics is demonstrated and devices with tunnel distributed coupling are considered.
Understanding nuclear receptor form and function using structural biology (2013)

Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a major transcription factor family whose members selectively bind small-molecule lipophilic ligands and transduce those signals into specific changes in gene programs. For over two decades, structural biology efforts were focused exclusively on the individual ligand-binding domains (LBDs) or DNA-binding domains of NRs. These analyses revealed the basis for both ligand and DNA binding and also revealed receptor conformations representing both the activated and repressed states. Additionally, crystallographic studies explained how NR LBD surfaces recognize discrete portions of transcriptional coregulators. The many structural snapshots of LBDs have also guided the development of synthetic ligands with therapeutic potential. Yet, the exclusive structural focus on isolated NR domains has made it difficult to conceptualize how all the NR polypeptide segments are coordinated physically and functionally in the context of receptor quaternary architectures. Newly emerged crystal structures of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ-retinoid X receptor α (PPARγ-RXRα) heterodimer and hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-4α homodimer have recently revealed the higher order organizations of these receptor complexes on DNA, as well as the complexity and uniqueness of their domain-domain interfaces. These emerging structural advances promise to better explain how signals in one domain can be allosterically transmitted to distal receptor domains, also providing much better frameworks for guiding future drug discovery efforts.
Secure random number generation from parity symmetric radiations (2022)

Abstract The random number generators (RNGs) are an indispensable tool for information security. Among various approaches, the radioactive decay has been considered as a promising candidate of RNGs for over half a century, on account of its seemingly unpredictable decay timings as quantum phenomena. However, the security of these radioactive RNGs has not been proven so far. Here we prove the security by a change of tactics, that is, by rewriting decay timings into decay directions, which allows us to ensure the secrecy with the help of the parity invariance deeply rooted in the fundamental law of nature. Our result demonstrates that the foundational properties of particle physics, such as the symmetry of interactions, can be used as a firm basis for the RNGs.
A real system evaluation of hardware atomicity for software speculation (2010)

In this paper we evaluate the atomic region compiler abstraction by incorporating it into a commercial system. We find that atomic regions are simple and intuitive to integrate into an x86 binary-translation system. Furthermore, doing so trivially enables additional optimization opportunities beyond that achievable by a high-performance dynamic optimizer, which already implements superblocks. We show that atomic regions can suffer from severe performance penalties if misspeculations are left uncontrolled, but that a simple software control mechanism is sufficient to reign in all detrimental side-effects. We evaluate using full reference runs of the SPEC CPU2000 integer benchmarks and find that atomic regions enable up to a 9% (3% on average) improvement beyond the performance of a tuned product. These performance improvements are achieved without any negative side effects. Performance side effects such as code bloat are absent with atomic regions; in fact, static code size is reduced. The hardware necessary is synergistic with other needs and was already available on the commercial product used in our evaluation. Finally, the software complexity is minimal as a single developer was able to incorporate atomic regions into a sophisticated 300,000 line code base in three months, despite never having seen the translator source code beforehand.
Structure and activity of the <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> hotdog-fold thioesterases PA5202 and PA2801 (2012)

The hotdog fold is one of the basic protein folds widely present in bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes. Many of these proteins exhibit thioesterase activity against fatty acyl-CoAs and play important roles in lipid metabolism, cellular signalling and degradation of xenobiotics. The genome of the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa contains over 20 genes encoding predicted hotdog-fold proteins, none of which have been experimentally characterized. We have found that two P. aeruginosa hotdog proteins display high thioesterase activity against 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA and glutaryl-CoA (PA5202), and octanoyl-CoA (PA2801). Crystal structures of these proteins were solved (at 1.70 and 1.75 Å for PA5202 and PA2801 respectively) and revealed a hotdog fold with a potential catalytic carboxylate residue located on the long α-helix (Asp(57) in PA5202 and Glu(35) in PA2801). Alanine residue replacement mutagenesis of PA5202 identified four residues (Asn(42), Arg(43), Asp(57) and Thr(76)) that are critical for its activity and are located in the active site. A P. aeruginosa PA5202 deletion strain showed an increased secretion of the antimicrobial pigment pyocyanine and an increased expression of genes involved in pyocyanin biosynthesis, suggesting a functional link between PA5202 activity and pyocyanin production. Thus the P. aeruginosa hotdog thioesterases PA5202 and PA2801 have similar structures, but exhibit different substrate preferences and functions.
Type I IFN Inhibits Innate IL-10 Production in Macrophages through Histone Deacetylase 11 by Downregulating MicroRNA-145 (2013)

Innate immune responses must be tightly regulated to avoid overactivation and subsequent inflammatory damage to host tissue while eliminating invading pathogens. IL-10 is a crucial suppressor of inflammatory responses and its expression is under precise regulation involving complex regulatory networks and multiple feedback loops. MicroRNAs are now emerging as critical regulators in immune response. Our previous work showed that miR-143/145 cluster was markedly downregulated in macrophages upon vesicular stomatitis virus infection. However, the particular role of miR-143/145 cluster in the regulation of innate immune response remains unknown. In this study, we found that miR-143/145 cluster expression was also downregulated dramatically by TLR signals in macrophages, which was dependent on the subsequent type I IFN (IFN-I) production and downstream IFN-I receptor-JAK1-STAT1 signal cascade. Further studies demonstrated that miR-145, but not miR-143, promoted IL-10 expression in TLR4-triggered macrophages through directly targeting the epigenetic Il10 gene silencer histone deacetylase 11. Therefore, we demonstrate that miR-145, downregulated by IFN-I, targets histone deacetylase 11 to promote innate IL-10 expression in macrophages. Our findings suggest a new IFN-I-mediated negative feedback loop in the fine-tuning of innate IL-10 production that creates precise coordination of innate immune responses.
Liquid crystalline properties of dissymmetric molecules IV. The substituent effect on thermal properties of nematic and smectic A phases in three aromatic ring systems with ester linkages (2000)

This paper describes the effect of substituent and ester linkage on smectic properties for some derivatives of 4-R -phenyl 4-(4-octyloxybenzoyloxy)benzoates (1), 4-octyloxyphenyl 4-(4-R-benzyloxy)benzoates (2), 4-(4-octyloxybenzoyloxy)phenyl 4- R -benzoates (3), and 4-R-phenyl 4-octyloxyphenyl terephthalates (4) where R = OCH3, CH3, OC8H17, C8H17, halogens, CF3, OCF3, CN, NO2, etc. The thermal properties are discussed in terms of the electrostatic nature of the substituents and the relative orientation of the ester groups with respect to both terminal substituents. The substituent effect on the layer structure of the smectic A phase is also examined by means of a small angle X-ray analysis.
A Software Architecture for Automatic Security Policy Enforcement in Distributed Systems (2007)

Policies, which are widely deployed in networking services (e.g., management, QoS, mobility, etc.), are a promising solution for securing wide distributed systems. However, the adoption of a policy-based approach for security requires an appropriate policy specification and enforcement tools. In fact, A long-standing problem in distributed systems security is how to specify and enforce correctly security policies. In this paper, we mainly focus on how to systematically specify correct policies instead of manually configuring them and how to automatically enforce security policies in distributed systems. A software engineering approach is presented to overcome these issues. This approach is based on design and developpement of a software architecture to automating definition and enforcing policies. I. Introduction
Memory Confidentiality and Integrity Protection Method Based on Variable Length Counter (2014)

Focusing on the problem of high overhead and frequent overflow of the counter mode encryption, this paper proposed an efficient scheme to protect data confidentiality and integrity. Based on the local characteristic of data accessing, the scheme set different counter length for memory area according to different accessing frequencies and the counter length can be dynamically adjusted. The analysis and the simulation results indicated that compared with the counter mode encryption, the scheme can decrease memory space overhead and the number of overflow. The proposed scheme can be applied to other schemes of protecting confidentiality and integrity based on counters and can satisfy performance requirements for most applications.
LightDock: a new multi-scale approach to protein–protein docking (2017)

Abstract Motivation Computational prediction of protein–protein complex structure by docking can provide structural and mechanistic insights for protein interactions of biomedical interest. However, current methods struggle with difficult cases, such as those involving flexible proteins, low-affinity complexes or transient interactions. A major challenge is how to efficiently sample the structural and energetic landscape of the association at different resolution levels, given that each scoring function is often highly coupled to a specific type of search method. Thus, new methodologies capable of accommodating multi-scale conformational flexibility and scoring are strongly needed. Results We describe here a new multi-scale protein–protein docking methodology, LightDock, capable of accommodating conformational flexibility and a variety of scoring functions at different resolution levels. Implicit use of normal modes during the search and atomic/coarse-grained combined scoring functions yielded improved predictive results with respect to state-of-the-art rigid-body docking, especially in flexible cases. Availability and implementation The source code of the software and installation instructions are available for download at https://life.bsc.es/pid/lightdock/. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.