gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<sup>1</sup>H NMR based metabolic profiling of day 2 spent embryo media correlates with implantation potential (2013)

Morphological assessment is currently the primary technique for selection of viable embryos for uterine transfer during assisted reproductive techniques, however this method has limited predictive power. The objective of this study was to employ NMR based metabolic profiling analysis of spent embryo culture media to identify novel biomarkers of embryo viability and provide insight into the metabolism of a viable embryo. A total of 37 patients undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment were recruited and 58 media samples were collected from embryos that were transferred back to the uterus. 1H NMR spectra were acquired and analyzed resulting in the quantification of 12 metabolites in the media samples. Analysis of metabolite ratios revealed significant differences between those patients with positive (n = 27) and negative (n = 31) urinary βhCG results. Some of the most biologically relevant differences include a 17% increase in the formate to glycine ratio and a 22% decrease in the citrate to alanine ratio in the spent embryo media from the positive pregnancy group. Overall, the results indicate that metabolic profiling may provide a means of identifying biomarkers that aid selection of viable embryos.
Ray tracing with sparse boxes (2007)

We present a new method for ray tracing acceleration by modification of current spatial data structures. We augment a spatial hierarchy such as kd-tree with sparsely distributed bounding boxes that are linked from bottom to top. The augmented data structures can be viewed as a hybrid between kd-trees and uniform grids. The augmentation by boxes is used in new traversal algorithms, which are not restricted to start the hierarchy traversal at the root node. This is in particular efficient for short rays where we significantly reduce the number of traversal steps through the hierarchy. Further we make use of ray coherence as well as explicit knowledge of ray distribution and initiate the traversal near the leaf nodes where the intersection is expected.
BSN Admission Group Interviews: Perceptions of Students, Faculty, and Community Nurses (2014)

: To assist in the selection students for a baccalaureate program, a school of nursing instituted a group interview process. An exploratory qualitative design was used to assess faculty, community nurse, and student perceptions of the process. Faculty, community nurses, and students who participated in interviews were asked to complete a five-item, open-ended survey. Data analysis revealed that they enjoyed the process and identified it as beneficial. A positive aspect included students' getting to present themselves as more than a GPA. The use of group interviews provides additional information for faculty who are challenged with selecting students for enrollment in programs of nursing.
Adaptive coding across visual features during free-viewing and fixation conditions (2023)

Theoretical studies have long proposed that adaptation allows the brain to effectively use the limited response range of sensory neurons to encode widely varying natural inputs. However, despite this influential view, experimental studies have exclusively focused on how the neural code adapts to a range of stimuli lying along a single feature axis, such as orientation or contrast. Here, we performed electrical recordings in macaque visual cortex (area V4) to reveal significant adaptive changes in the neural code of single cells and populations across multiple feature axes. Both during free viewing and passive fixation, populations of cells improved their ability to encode image features after rapid exposure to stimuli lying on orthogonal feature axes even in the absence of initial tuning to these stimuli. These results reveal a remarkable adaptive capacity of visual cortical populations to improve network computations relevant for natural viewing despite the modularity of the functional cortical architecture.
Epoxy polymerization initiated by BF<sub>3</sub>–amine complexes. I. Synthesis and characterization of BF<sub>3</sub>–amine complexes and BF<sub>3</sub>–amine complexes dissolved in γ–butyrolactone (1993)

Abstract With the aim of identifying the species responsible for initiating epoxy homopolymerization, several BF 3 –amine complexes were synthesized. Their characterization was accomplished by several spectroscopic techniques, notably by 11 B‐NMR. In these polymerizations, the active species appears to be the R–NH BF salt and not the BF 3 –amine complex. The interactions between BF 3 –amine complexes and the γ–butyrolactone were also studied by FTIR. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
SpeechBlocks (2017)

This paper introduces SpeechBlocks (SB): a smartphone app that allows children to explore spelling principles in an open-ended way. Children rearrange letter combinations through direct manipulations and instantly hear each combination pronounced back, whether or not a conventionally spelled word is formed. We evaluated SB with a group of 16 preschool children ages 4 and 5 in a pilot consisting of 16 sessions over the course of two months. Qualitatively, we found that (a) the app facilitated children's engagement, sense of authorship and self-efficacy, (b) SB evoked significant amount of social interactions between children around literacy activities, and (c) support of nonsense words and remixing contributed to these factors. In addition, fine-grained log data of children's interaction with the app showed promise as a viewpoint into their literacy skills and interests.
Studies on the histological classification of proliferative disease of breast and its relation with breast carcinoma (1997)

Objective: Proliferative disease of breast (PDB) always exists compositely, it is difficult to be classified during pathologic diagnosis. For probe into the relationship between PDB and breast carcinoma in the cyto-biologic level, a new classification method was studied. Materials and methods: Specimen slices of 439 PDB in females and 176 breast carcinomas were studied in contrast. The degree of fibroplastic proliferation was taken as the classifying index of the consecutive progress of PDB. Then the PDB cases were divided into three types: the lobular hyperplastic type (LHT), the fibroadenosis type (FAT) and the fibrosclerosis type (FST). Each type was once again separated into simple and compound groups. A part of these slices were stained with monoclonal immunohistochemical stain to demonstrate the hyperplastic activities of PDB cells as well as the encirclement of periductal myoepithelial cells and base membrane. Results: PCNA express level was increased successively along with the progress of pathologic changes in all the three types of PDB. And especially, it was almost parallel with the cancerous express in FST. ASMA staining showed atrophy and rupture of periductal myoepithelial cells and base membrane in PST and serious untypical hyperplastic PDB cases. Conclusions: In FST and serious untypical hyperplastic PDB cases, the ductal epithelial cells proliferated vigorously, it is closely related with the growth of carcinomas. The imcomplete encirclement of periductal myoepithelial cells and base membrane are also a sort of dangerous factor.
One time programming (OTP) with Zener diodes in CMOS processes (2004)

This article describes a lateral Zener diode in standard CMOS processes, without extra masks or technology steps, for one time programming (OTP) applications. The diode is adapted for programming (=zapping) requirements. The optimization of the device for low zapping currents and high yield is shown. The zapping process is evaluated in detail and follows an optimized layout and zapping conditions. The programming voltage is process dependent and lies between 6 V and 12 V, the zapping time is 1 /spl mu/s-4 /spl mu/s, and the required current is about 50 mA. The resistance of zapped diodes lies in the k/spl Omega/ range. The system needs only low voltage transistors, one extended drain medium voltage NMOS and one diode per bit. The selected diodes are introduced in several processes.
Enhancement of the Photoelectric Response of Squarine Dye by Using C<sub>60</sub> (1999)

Abstract The photocurrent of the ITO/SQ3 electrode increased to seven times when C60 was deposited on top of SQ3 layer. Electron transfer mechanism has been proved by Hans Kuhn's Method.
High speed GaAs CCD (1978)

A GaAs CCD with high transfer efficiency is described and implications for high speed devices fabricated with this technology are described.
A framework to model and translate clinical rules to support complex real-time analysis of physiological and clinical data (2010)

We present a framework to model and translate clinical rules to support complex real-time analysis of both synchronous physiological data and asynchronous clinical data. The framework is demonstrated through a case study in a neonatal intensive care context showing how a clinical rule for detecting an apnoeic event is modeled across multiple physiological data streams in the Artemis environment, which employs IBM's InfoSphere Streams middleware to support real-time stream processing. Initial clinical hypotheses for apnoea detection are modeled using UML activity diagrams which are subsequently translated into Stream's SPADE code to be deployed in Artemis to deliver real-time decision support. Our aim is to provide a Clinical Decision Support System capable of identifying and detecting patterns in physiological data streams indicative of the onset of clinically significant conditions that that may adversely affect health outcomes. Benefits associated with our approach include: 1) reduced time and effort on the clinician's part to assess health data from multiple sources; 2) the ability to allow clinicians to control the rules-engine of Artemis to enhance clinical care within their unique environments; 3) the ability to apply clinical alerts to both synchronous and asynchronous data; and 4) the ability to continuously process data in real-time.
STT-RAM based energy-efficiency hybrid cache for CMPs (2011)

Modern high performance Chip Multiprocessor (CMP) systems rely on large on-chip cache hierarchy. As technology scales down, the leakage power of present SRAM based cache gradually dominates the on-chip power consumption, which can severely jeopardize system performance. The emerging nonvolatile Spin Transfer Torque RAM (STT-RAM) is a promising candidate for large on-chip cache because of the ultra low leakage power. However, the write operations on STT-RAM suffer from considerably higher energy as well as longer latency compared with SRAM which will make STT-RAM in trouble for write-intensive workloads. In this paper, we propose to integrate SRAM with STT-RAM to construct a novel hybrid cache architecture for CMPs. We also propose dedicated microarchitectural mechanisms to make the hybrid cache robust to workloads with different write patterns. Extensive simulation results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid scheme is adaptive to variations of workloads. Overall power consumption is reduced by 37.1% and performance is improved by 23.6% on average compared with SRAM based static NUCA under the same area configuration.
Experiences of operating a pre-commercial WCDMA network (2002)

During 2002, operators around the world are planning to introduce third-generation mobile services to their subscribers. Many have selected the WCDMA system from Ericsson for building the infrastructure to provide these services. The WCDMA standard for the mobile network is the core technology for efficient mobile multimedia services and for realizing the vision of true Mobile Internet access. The standard, which has been developed after many years of research at Ericsson, is now the state-of-theart telecommunications technology. One area of focus of the research has been to get adequate performance in the air interface (between the network and user equipment) in order to handle the new mobile data services such as Internet access, MMS, video calls, and IP multimedia calls. For commercial operations of thirdgeneration mobile networks with paying customers, Ericsson is currently introducing WCDMA Release 2. Release 1 was introduced in 2001 for use as a pre-commercial service by operators. It was used for the main part of the joint Ericsson-Vodafone precommercial tests. Release 1 has also been used for demonstrating WCDMA features, network roll-out, network tuning, and for showing compliance with technical requirements from regulators. To ensure the expected performance at the commercial introduction of the WCDMA system, Ericsson built a pre-commercial network in cooperation with Vodafone UK. The network has been used to test various operating aspects in a realistic environment before delivering hardware and software to
Sweetening of sour natural gases by mixed‐solvent absorption: Solubilities of ethane, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide in mixtures of physical and chemical solvents (1979)

Abstract Solubilities of ethane, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide have been measured in propylene carbonate, N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone and tetramethylene sulfone (sulfolane); and in mixtures of these physical solvents with monoethanolamine and diglycolamine, in the range −10 to 100°C. Thermodynamically consistent equations are given for gas absorption with chemical reaction at equilibrium. Henry's law describes physical equilibrium between the acidic gas in the vapor phase and free acid solute in the liquid phase. Equilibrium constants describe chemical equilibria for the absorbed gas and the chemical solvent. Preliminary design calculations for sweetening natural gases by absorption with mixed solvents suggest that, under some circumstances, mixed‐solvent absorption may be more economical than using conventional aqueous alkanolamine.
3-D wafer scale architectures for neural network computing (1993)

We introduce a class of massively parallel computer architectures which can be configured to efficiently handle a variety of neural network models. The underlying technology is three-dimensional wafer scale integration (3-D WSI), which provides an ideal medium to construct powerful, compact, and low power hardware tailored for neural network processing. A second generation prototype computer consisting of a 128*128 array of processors formed by stacking 8 CMOS wafers is nearing completion. The performance of this prototype is compared with enhanced architectures configured with special wafer types to accelerate neural network operations. The design of these specialized resources emphasizes the synergy between neural processing functions and the 3-D WSI architecture and packaging. Detailed microcode emulations are used to assess the impact of different algorithm/architecture modifications. Neural networks for cooperative vision integration and multilayer backpropagation are mapped onto various 3-D wafer stacks. Estimated performance for the vision integration network is 2.4 billion connections per second. For the backprop network training algorithm, the performance ranges from 1.1 billion connection updates per second (GCUPS) for a near-term 128*128 prototype up to 53.4 GCUPS for a future 512*512 machine with more extensive neural processing hardware enhancements.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A data comparison between a traditional and the single-step β-galactosidase assay (2016)

This article describes reproducibility of a single-step automated β-galactosidase, and the equivalence of its data to the traditional assay ("Experiments in Molecular Genetics" [1]). This was done via a pairwise comparison of both methods using strains with Miller Unit [MU] values ranging from 0 to over 2000. The data presented in this article is associated with the research article entitled "A single-step method for mid to high throughput β-galactosidase assays in Escherichia coli using a microplate reader" [2].
Multi-variable flood damage modelling with limited data using supervised learning approaches (2017)

Abstract. Flood damage assessment is usually done with damage curves only dependent on the water depth. Several recent studies have shown that supervised learning techniques applied to a multi-variable data set can produce significantly better flood damage estimates. However, creating and applying a multi-variable flood damage model requires an extensive data set, which is rarely available, and this is currently holding back the widespread application of these techniques. In this paper we enrich a data set of residential building and contents damage from the Meuse flood of 1993 in the Netherlands, to make it suitable for multi-variable flood damage assessment. Results from 2-D flood simulations are used to add information on flow velocity, flood duration and the return period to the data set, and cadastre data are used to add information on building characteristics. Next, several statistical approaches are used to create multi-variable flood damage models, including regression trees, bagging regression trees, random forest, and a Bayesian network. Validation on data points from a test set shows that the enriched data set in combination with the supervised learning techniques delivers a 20 % reduction in the mean absolute error, compared to a simple model only based on the water depth, despite several limitations of the enriched data set. We find that with our data set, the tree-based methods perform better than the Bayesian network.
Complexity-optimized concatenated LDGM-staircase codes (2017)

A concatenated soft-decision channel coding scheme consisting of an inner LDGM code and an outer staircase code is proposed. The soft-decision LDGM code is used for error reduction while the majority of bit errors are corrected by the low complexity hard-decision staircase code. Decoding complexity of the concatenated code is quantified by a score based on the number of edges in the LDGM code Tanner graph, the number of decoding iterations, and the number of staircase code decoding operations. The inner LDGM ensemble is designed by solving an optimization problem, which minimizes the product of the average node degree and an estimate of the required number of decoding iterations. A search procedure is used to find the inner and outer code pair with lowest complexity. The design procedure results in a Pareto-frontier characterization of the trade-off between net coding-gain and complexity for the concatenated code. Simulations of code designs at rate 5/6 show that the proposed scheme achieves net coding-gains equivalent to existing soft-decision codes, with up to 57% reduction in complexity.
Comprehensive Proteomic Analysis of Human Pancreatic Juice (2004)

Proteomic technologies provide an excellent means for analysis of body fluids for cataloging protein constituents and identifying biomarkers for early detection of cancers. The biomarkers currently available for pancreatic cancer, such as CA19-9, lack adequate sensitivity and specificity contributing to late diagnosis of this deadly disease. In this study, we carried out a comprehensive characterization of the "pancreatic juice proteome" in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Pancreatic juice was first fractionated by 1-dimensional gel electrophoresis and subsequently analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A total of 170 unique proteins were identified including known pancreatic cancer tumor markers (e.g., CEA, MUC1) and proteins overexpressed in pancreatic cancers (e.g., hepatocarcinoma-intestine-pancreas/pancreatitis-associated protein (HIP/PAP) and lipocalin 2). In addition, we identified a number of proteins that have not been previously described in pancreatic juice (e.g., tumor rejection antigen (pg96) and azurocidin). Interestingly, a novel protein that is 85% identical to HIP/PAP was identified, which we have designated as PAP-2. The proteins identified in this study could be directly assessed for their potential as biomarkers for pancreatic cancer by quantitative proteomics methods or immunoassays.
Highly Lipophilic Benzoxazoles with Potential Antibacterial Activity (2005)

A series of lipophilic 2-substituted 5,7-di-tert-butylbenzoxazoles was prepared in average yields by the reaction of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-1,2-benzoquinone with amino acids and dipeptides bearing N-terminal glycine. Dipeptides having other N-terminal amino acids undergo oxidative deamination. 5,7-Di-tert-butylbenzoxazoles have shown activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some nontuberculous strains where isoniazid has been inactive. Antifungal activity was mediocre.
The motion of a rigid body in viscous fluid bounded by a plane wall (1989)

The boundary-integral method is used to calculate the hydrodynamic force and torque on an arbitrary body of revolution whose axis of symmetry is oriented at an arbitrary angle relative to a planar wall in the zero-Reynolds-number limit. The singular solution of the Stokes equations in the presence of a planar wall is used to formulate the integral equations, which are then reduced to a system of linear algebraic equations by satisfying the no-slip boundary conditions on the body surface using the boundary collocation method or weighted residual technique. Numerical tests for the special case of a sphere moving parallel or perpendicular to a planar wall show that the present theory is accurate to at least three significant figures when compared with the exact solutions for gap widths as small as only one-tenth of the particle radius. Higher accuracy can be achieved and solutions can be obtained for smaller gap widths at the expense of more computation time and larger storage requirements. The hydrodynamic force and torque on a spheroid with varying aspect ratio and orientation angle relative to the planar wall are obtained. The theory is also applied to study the motion of a toroidal particle or biconcave shaped disc adjacent to a planar wall. The coincidence of the drag and torque of a biconcave-shaped body and a torus having an aspect ratio b/a = 2 with the same surface area shows that in this case the hole of a torus has little influence on the flow field. On the other hand, for an aspect ratio b/a = 10, the effect of the hole is significant. It is also shown that when the body is not very close to the wall, an oblate spheroid can be used as a good approximation of a biconcave-shaped disc.
Kinetic evolution during the laser/thermal preparation of Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>from MnCO<sub>3</sub> (1986)

An investigation was performed of the decomposition of MnCO3 by both CW CO2 laser heating and controlled thermal heating in a derivatograph. The process was shown to have different kinetic evolutions in the two cases even though the final product was the same.
Learning to predict protein–protein interactions from protein sequences (2003)

In order to understand the molecular machinery of the cell, we need to know about the multitude of protein-protein interactions that allow the cell to function. High-throughput technologies provide some data about these interactions, but so far that data is fairly noisy. Therefore, computational techniques for predicting protein-protein interactions could be of significant value. One approach to predicting interactions in silico is to produce from first principles a detailed model of a candidate interaction. We take an alternative approach, employing a relatively simple model that learns dynamically from a large collection of data. In this work, we describe an attraction-repulsion model, in which the interaction between a pair of proteins is represented as the sum of attractive and repulsive forces associated with small, domain- or motif-sized features along the length of each protein. The model is discriminative, learning simultaneously from known interactions and from pairs of proteins that are known (or suspected) not to interact. The model is efficient to compute and scales well to very large collections of data. In a cross-validated comparison using known yeast interactions, the attraction-repulsion method performs better than several competing techniques.