gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fully Automatic Facial Feature Point Detection Using Gabor Feature Based Boosted Classifiers (2006)

Locating facial feature points in images of faces is an important stage for numerous facial image interpretation tasks. In this paper we present a method for fully automatic detection of 20 facial feature points in images of expressionless faces using Gabor feature based boosted classifiers. The method adopts fast and robust face detection algorithm, which represents an adapted version of the original Viola-Jones face detector. The detected face region is then divided into 20 relevant regions of interest, each of which is examined further to predict the location of the facial feature points. The proposed facial feature point detection method uses individual feature patch templates to detect points in the relevant region of interest. These feature models are GentleBoost templates built from both gray level intensities and Gabor wavelet features. When tested on the Cohn-Kanade database, the method has achieved average recognition rates of 93%.
Effect of xylooligosaccharide on growth of intestinal bacteria and putrefaction products. (1991)

キシロオリゴ糖摂取により腸内ビフィズス菌が増加することが明らかにされている。本報では, キシロナリゴ糖摂取に伴う, 腸内腐敗産物の挙動について検討した。腸内腐敗産物 (p-クレゾール, インドール, スカトール) はキシロオリゴ糖を摂取することにより減少する傾向が認められた。腸内腐敗産物 (アンモニア, p-クレゾール, インドール) は腸内バクテロイデス菌の増加と有意に正の相関が認められた。他方ビフィズス菌の割合が増加するとこれら腸内腐敗産物は減少する傾向が認められた。
A Pilot Scale Study for Banana Starch Production (1987)

Abstract Banana starch production was studied in pilot plant scale. Immersion the green banana in hot water at 70°C for 5 to 6 min could facilitate the peeling process. Low temperature milling decreased viscosity of the resulting starch suspension. Addition of 0.5‐ N NaOH solution during milling, and left the milled banana paste overnight before screening could improve the efficiency of starch extraction. Remilling the pomace of 1st screening step could increase yield. The studied process procedure resulted a yield for banana starch of 70%. The purity of the product was approximately 94%.
Evaluation of Direct Bladder Stimulation with Stainless Steel Woven Eye Electrodes (1993)

Encouraged by recent clinical reports of micturition induced in patients by direct bladder stimulation, we conducted a study of optimum methods of direct bladder stimulation. During surgery six male cats received eight large surface-area woven eye electrodes sutured to the bladder wall serosa, four on the bladder dome and four adjacent to the trigone area. Two additional small surface-area single knot electrodes were sutured in the trigone area. Suprapubic and intraperitoneal tubes were placed for pressure recording and bladder filling. Leg and pelvic floor EMG electrodes were also used for tethered recordings. One to eight weeks after surgery, optimum stimulation methods were evaluated as the animal freely moved about a urodynamic recording cage. Electrodes in the trigone region were more effective than electrodes on the dome and induced bladder contractions and voiding similar to spontaneously induced voiding with bladder filing. Large surface area, woven eye electrodes, composed of multistranded 316LVM stainless steel wire, were more effective than smaller surface area single knot electrodes. High stimulating frequencies (40 Hz) were better than lower frequencies (10 to 20 Hz), and a 1 millisecond pulse duration was optimal. Pulsing with stimulating currents from 10 to 25 mA induced effective bladder contractions with voiding when applied for 3 seconds. However, lower currents using longer stimulation periods were also effective. Bipolar electrodes with both electrodes on the bladder wall were superior to monopolar arrangements with the positive ground electrode along the animal's back. We concluded that in the able-bodied cat model, bladder contractile activity for micturition can be induced with direct bladder stimulation and with little discomfort. An effective stimulation protocol consists of capacitor-coupled monophasic pulses with large surface area bipolar electrodes in the trigone region. Stimulating parameters of 40 Hz, 1 msec., 10 to 25 mA applied for 3 seconds were optimal. In addition, based on corrosion resistance observations, the electrodes are quite suitable for long-term studies.
Using Fuzzy Theory in %GR&amp;R and NDC of Measurement System Analysis (2015)

ISO9001:2000 and TS 16949 have become the major quality system management models in present traditional and Hi-tech industries. The Measurement System Analysis (MSA) Reference Manual, on the other hand, is one of the core tools in ISO/TS 16949. MSA aims to evaluate Gauge Repeatability and Reproducibility (GR&R) where the control, monitoring, and maintenance of the measurement process are required in measurement systems so that the measurement capability could be ensured under statistical control. An ideal measurement system should present the statistical characteristic of zero error on any measured product. Nevertheless, such an ideal measurement system hardly exists. Managers therefore have to adopt such measurement systems with unsatisfactory statistical characteristics. Traditional MSA indexes are constructed with definite observed values. Nevertheless, measurements with observed values are not entirely error-free. For this reason, this study proposes to research three cases in a case company and apply the integration of Fuzzy Theory and GR&R to discuss the differences in the evaluation index GR&R and the Number of Distinct Categories (NDC). Substituting fuzzy numbers for definite numbers found that the data of %GR&R were increased and NDC was decreased after fuzzification. Such results verify that the fuzzified %GR&R and NDC become stricter in the determination criterion. The research outcomes could assist the case company in improving the reference data of measurement systems and promoting the measurement quality.
Syndiotactic 1,2‐polybutadiene with Co‐CS<sub>2</sub> catalyst system. I. Preparation, properties, and application of highly crystalline syndiotactic 1,2‐polybutadiene (1983)

Abstract Highly crystalline syndiotactic 1,2‐polybutadiene ( s ‐PB) having melting point (mp) up to 216°C was obtained by using a Co(acac) 3 ‐AIEt 3 ‐CS 2 catalyst. The polymer with mp 208°C was found to have 99.7% 1,2 content and 99.6% syndiotacticity by 1 H and 13 C‐NMR measurements. The s ‐PB can be molded by addition of a stabilizer such as 2,6‐di‐ t ‐butyl‐4‐hydroxymethylphenol into fiber, film, and various shaped articles. The physical properties presented in the present article include stress‐strain and dynamic mechanical behavior. The highly crystalline syndiotactic 1,2‐polybutadiene was applied to a carbon fiber and UBEPOL VCR ( cis ‐1,4‐polybutadiene reinforced by fibrous syndiotactic 1,2‐polybutadiene).
A safe, efficient regression test selection technique (1997)

Regression testing is an expensive but necessary maintenance activity performed on modified software to provide confidence that changes are correct and do not adversely affect other portions of the softwore. A regression test selection technique choses, from an existing test set, thests that are deemed necessary to validate modified software. We present a new technique for regression test selection. Our algorithms construct control flow graphs for a precedure or program and its modified version and use these graphs to select tests that execute changed code from the original test suite. We prove that, under certain conditions, the set of tests our technique selects includes every test from the original test suite that con expose faults in the modified procedfdure or program. Under these conditions our algorithms are safe . Moreover, although our algorithms may select some tests that cannot expose faults, they are at lease as precise as other safe regression test selection algorithms. Unlike many other regression test selection algorithms, our algorithms handle all language constructs and all types of program modifications. We have implemented our algorithms; initial empirical studies indicate that our technique can significantly reduce the cost of regression testing modified software.
Study on Mechanical Property of L-Shaped Slab for the Flat-Plate Structure (2011)

Analysis of the negative moment near re-entrant corner in different thickness of different gap plates under the vertical distribution load. Discovered that reduced the thickness of this irregular slab also to be possible to satisfy the supporting capacity and the normal operation requirements.
Single-Channel Noise Reduction With Pitch-Adaptive Post-Filtering (2015)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Tampere, Finland, 2000
Convergence of the RLS and LMS adaptive filters (1987)

The paper presents new convergence results for two adaptive filters: the RLS and LMS algorithms. Convergence of the exact RLS algorithm is studied when the forgetting factor <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\lambda</tex> is constant, which enables the adaptive filter to track time variations of the optimal filter. It is shown that, in the steady state, the squared deviation of the adaptive filter from the optimal one admits, with probability <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1- \epsilon</tex> ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\epsilon</tex> arbitrarily small), an upper bound that is proportional to the (infinitesimal) quantity <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\mu = 1 - {\lambda}</tex> . This result agrees with the algorithm's practical behavior. The bound increases with the correlation degree of the filter inputs. This paper also provides an almost sure convergence result concerned with the LMS algorithm with decreasing step-size (infinite memory), used only when the optimal filter is asymptotically time-invariant, although the input statistics may be time-varying.
Stereochemistry during aflatoxin biosynthesis: cyclase reaction in the conversion of versiconal to versicolorin B and racemization of versiconal hemiacetal acetate (1993)

(1'R,2'S)-(-)-aflatoxins are produced from racemic versiconal hemiacetal acetate (VHA) through complicated pathways, including a metabolic grid involving VHA, versiconol acetate (VOAc), versiconol, and versiconal (VHOH), and a reaction sequence from VHOH to versicolorin A (VA) through (-)-versicolorin B (VB) [or (+/-)-versicolorin C] (K. Yabe, Y. Ando, and Y. Hamasaki, J. Gen. Microbiol. 137:2469-2475, 1991; K. Yabe, Y. Ando, and T. Hamasaki, Agric. Biol. Chem. 55:1907-1911, 1991). In this study, we examined stereochemical changes of substances formed during the conversion of VHA to VA by using chiral high-performance liquid chromatography. In cell-free experiments using the cytosol of Aspergillus parasiticus NIAH-26, both (2'S)- and (2'R)-VOAc enantiomers were formed at about a 1:2 ratio from racemic VHA in the presence of NADPH and dichlorvos (dimethyl 2,2-dichlorovinylphosphate). Also, the esterase activity catalyzing the conversion of VHA to VHOH or of VOAc to versiconol did not show the stereospecificity for the 2' carbon atom of VHA or VOAc. However, when racemic VHA or racemic VHOH was incubated with the cytosol, (1'R,2'S)-(-)-VB was formed exclusively. Furthermore, only (1'R,2'S)-(-)-VB, and not (1'S,2'R)-(+) antipode, served as a substrate for desaturase activity in the microsome fraction catalyzing the conversion of VB to VA. These results demonstrate that the stereoconfiguration of bis-furan moiety in aflatoxin molecules is determined by the cyclase enzyme catalyzing the reaction from VHOH to VB, and the (1'R,2'S)-(-) configuration was further confirmed by the subsequent desaturase reaction. Remarkably, we found nonenzymatic racemization in both the (2'R)- and (2'S)-VHA enantiomers, and it was dependent upon the temperature and alkaline conditions.
Compositional changes in vertebral bone marrow during treatment for acute leukemia: assessment with quantitative chemical shift imaging. (1992)

A modified Dixon chemical shift imaging technique was used to quantify longitudinal changes in bone marrow that occur during induction chemotherapy in patients with acute leukemia. Results were correlated with those of bone marrow biopsy. Forty-seven quantitative images were obtained with a 0.6-T whole body imager in a total of 11 patients over the course of treatment. Quantitative measures of fat fractions and water and fat component T1 and T2 relaxation times were determined, as well as average relaxation times. Imaging results showed sequential increases in fat fractions among responding patients (n = 9), consistent with biopsy-confirmed clinical remission. In the two patients who later relapsed, sharp decreases in fat fractions were noted. In the two patients who failed to regenerate normal marrow, unchanging, low fat fractions were seen. Water component T1 values reflected posttherapeutic changes in the hematopoietic elements. Quantitative chemical shift imaging proved useful in assessing treatment response in acute leukemia during early bone marrow regeneration and, later, in ascertaining remission or relapse.
Table Detection in Invoice Documents by Graph Neural Networks (2019)

Tabular structures in documents offer a complementary dimension to the raw textual data, representing logical or quantitative relationships among pieces of information. In digital mail room applications, where a large amount of administrative documents must be processed with reasonable accuracy, the detection and interpretation of tables is crucial. Table recognition has gained interest in document image analysis, in particular in unconstrained formats (absence of rule lines, unknown information of rows and columns). In this work, we propose a graph-based approach for detecting tables in document images. Instead of using the raw content (recognized text), we make use of the location, context and content type, thus it is purely a structure perception approach, not dependent on the language and the quality of the text reading. Our framework makes use of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) in order to describe the local repetitive structural information of tables in invoice documents. Our proposed model has been experimentally validated in two invoice datasets and achieved encouraging results. Additionally, due to the scarcity of benchmark datasets for this task, we have contributed to the community a novel dataset derived from the RVL-CDIP invoice data. It will be publicly released to facilitate future research.
Compromised Glutamate Transport in Human Glioma Cells: Reduction–Mislocalization of Sodium-Dependent Glutamate Transporters and Enhanced Activity of Cystine–Glutamate Exchange (1999)

Elevated levels of extracellular glutamate ([Glu](o)) can induce seizures and cause excitotoxic neuronal cell death. This is normally prevented by astrocytic glutamate uptake. Neoplastic transformation of human astrocytes causes malignant gliomas, which are often associated with seizures and neuronal necrosis. Here, we show that Na(+)-dependent glutamate uptake in glioma cell lines derived from human tumors (STTG-1, D-54MG, D-65MG, U-373MG, U-251MG, U-138MG, and CH-235MG) is up to 100-fold lower than in astrocytes. Immunohistochemistry and subcellular fractionation show very low expression levels of the astrocytic glutamate transporter GLT-1 but normal expression levels of another glial glutamate transporter, GLAST. However, in glioma cells, essentially all GLAST protein was found in cell nuclei rather than the plasma membrane. Similarly, brain tissues from glioblastoma patients also display reduction of GLT-1 and mislocalization of GLAST. In glioma cell lines, over 50% of glutamate transport was Na(+)-independent and mediated by a cystine-glutamate exchanger (system x(c)(-)). Extracellular L-cystine dose-dependently induced glutamate release from glioma cells. Glutamate release was enhanced by extracellular glutamine and inhibited by (S)-4-carboxyphenylglycine, which blocked cystine-glutamate exchange. These data suggest that the unusual release of glutamate from glioma cells is caused by reduction-mislocalization of Na(+)-dependent glutamate transporters in conjunction with upregulation of cystine-glutamate exchange. The resulting glutamate release from glioma cells may contribute to tumor-associated necrosis and possibly to seizures in peritumoral brain tissue.
Abnormal Behavior Detection via Sparse Reconstruction Analysis of Trajectory (2011)

This paper proposes a new method for abnormal behavior detection in surveillance videos via sparse reconstruction analysis. The motion trajectories of objects are firstly defined as fixed-length parametric vectors based on approximating cubic B-spline curves. Then the vectors are classified as behavior patterns and finally distinguished between normal and abnormal behaviors based on sparse reconstruction analysis, in which a classifier is constructed with sparse linear reconstruction coefficients by computing L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> -norm minimization and sparse reconstruction residuals learning from labeled training samples. Experimental results on public dataset show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Model agnostic interpretability of rankers via intent modelling (2020)

A key problem in information retrieval is understanding the latent intention of a user's under-specified query. Retrieval models that are able to correctly uncover the query intent often perform well on the document ranking task. In this paper we study the problem of interpretability for text based ranking models by trying to unearth the query intent as understood by complex retrieval models.
Falling risk evaluation in elderly using miniature gyroscope (2002)

The time of sit-stand and stand-sit transition and its duration were measured using a miniature gyroscope on the chest and a portable recorder on the waist. Based on a simple model and wavelet analysis, three parameters related to postural transition, namely the average and standard deviation of transition duration and the occurrence of abnormal successive transition, were provided for evaluating the falling risk. The comparison between two groups of elderly subjects (i.e. fallers and non-fallers) shows that these parameters were significantly correlated to falling risk (p<0.02). The integration of the sensor and the recorder in a same module allows providing a system especially adapted for ambulatory instrumentation and tele-alarm systems.
Abstract: Major Palaeozoic and Mesozoic Faults and Lineaments in Thailand — the Evidence for their Actual Location and their Influence on the Architecture of Hydrocarbon Bearing Basins (2007)

Abstract Thailand is composed of three separate tectonic terrains brought together during the early Triassic Indochina Orogeny. To the east lies the Indochina microplate and to the west the elongate Shan-Thai microplate, both largely underlain by continental basement. Between these lies the Central Thailand terrain, which is composed of the remnants of the Palaeo-Tethys oceanic plate. Each of these terrains carries Palaeozoic fabrics, inherited in the main from their previous lives as part of Gondwanaland, which now have distinctly different orientations. Overprinting these are Mesozoic fabrics created for the main part during the Indosinian Orogeny, being most prominent in the Central Thailand terrain and along the bordering margins of the adjacent Indochina and Shan-Thai microplates. From the mid-Cretaceous onwards, first with the docking of the West Burma terrain and then as a result of the Himalayan Orogeny, these Palaeozoic and Mesozoic fault systems have been reactivated and largely control the development of the Tertiary basins which have been the focus of most of the hydrocarbon exploration in Thailand. We discuss the evidence for the existence and location of the major Palaeozoic and Mesozoic faults and lineaments in Thailand and there changing sense of motion through time. We will show how these faults and lineaments became linked during the Tertiary and how this linkage, in response to the Himalayan Orogeny influenced and controlled the development of the prospective Tertiary basins. Presented at: 2007 South East Asia Petroleum Exploration Society (SEAPEX) Conference, Singapore, 2007
Radio-Relay Antenna Pointing for Controlled Interference with Geostationary Satellites (1969)

We present analytical methods (i) for calculating microwave radio refraction for negative and positive initial ray angles accounting for station height and (ii) for determining refraction-corrected ranges of antenna pointing azimuth within which mutual interference with geostationary satellites in shared frequency bands is likely.
Decreased Selenium-Binding Protein 1 in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Results from Posttranscriptional and Epigenetic Regulation and Affects Chemosensitivity (2010)

SELENBP1 expression may be an important predictor of response to chemoprevention or chemosensitization with certain forms of selenium in esophageal tissues. AACR.
Biomimetic Remineralization of Carious Lesions by Self-Assembling Peptide (2017)

Caries is the most common disease in the world. Great efforts have been undertaken for prevention and to identify a regenerative treatment solution for dental caries. Self-assembling β-sheet forming peptides have previously shown to form 3-dimensional fiber networks supporting tissue regeneration. In particular, the self-assembling peptide P<sub>11</sub>-4 has shown potential in the treatment and prevention of dental caries. It has previously been shown that application of monomeric P<sub>11</sub>-4 solution to early carious lesions can increase net mineral gain by forming de novo hydroxyapatite crystals. The hypothesis for the mode of action was that monomeric self-assembling peptide P<sub>11</sub>-4 diffuses into the subsurface lesion body and assembles therein into higher order fibrils, facilitating mineralization of the subsurface volume by mimicking the natural biomineralization of the tooth enamel, and it remains within the lesion body as a scaffold built-in by the newly formed hydroxyapatite. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of action of the self-assembling peptide P<sub>11</sub>-4 supporting mineralization of carious enamel. By various analytical methods, it could be shown that the self-assembling peptide P<sub>11</sub>-4 diffuses into the subsurface lesion, assembles into higher formed aggregates throughout the whole volume of the lesion, and supports nucleation of de novo hydroxyapatite nanocrystals and consequently results in increased mineral density within the subsurface carious lesion. The results showed that the application of self-assembling peptide P<sub>11</sub>-4 can facilitate the subsurface regeneration of the enamel lesion by supporting de novo mineralization in a similar mode of action as has been shown for the natural formation of dental enamel.
Multivariable robust control of a power plant deaerator (1993)

The design of a robust controller for the deaerator of the Experimental Breeder Reactor-II (EBR-II) that uses the linear quadratic Gaussian with loop transfer recovery (LQG/LTR) procedure is described. At present, classical proportional-integral (PI) controllers are used to control the deaerator. When the operating condition changes, the system is disturbed, or a fault occurs, and the PI controllers may fail to maintain the desired performance. A robust controller that can accommodate system faults and obtain a reasonable behavior for a wide range of model uncertainty was designed. The controller provides the desired performance despite a considerable change in the operating condition, accommodates some of the failures that can occur, and provides the choice of penalizing one variable over another. The design is tested for robustness by varying the system operating conditions and simulating a steam valve failure. The set of nonlinear simulations using the modular modeling system and the advanced continuous simulation language is included.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>