gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deep Efficient End-to-end Reconstruction (DEER) Network for Low-dose Few-view Breast CT from Projection Data. (2019)

Breast CT provides image volumes with isotropic resolution in high contrast, enabling detection of calcification (down to a few hundred microns in size) and subtle density differences. Since breast is sensitive to x-ray radiation, dose reduction of breast CT is an important topic, and for this purpose low-dose few-view scanning is a main approach. In this article, we propose a Deep Efficient End-to-end Reconstruction (DEER) network for low-dose few-view breast CT. The major merits of our network include high dose efficiency, excellent image quality, and low model complexity. By the design, the proposed network can learn the reconstruction process in terms of as less as O(N) parameters, where N is the size of an image to be reconstructed, which represents orders of magnitude improvements relative to the state-of-the-art deep-learning based reconstruction methods that map projection data to tomographic images directly. As a result, our method does not require expensive GPUs to train and run. Also, validated on a cone-beam breast CT dataset prepared by Koning Corporation on a commercial scanner, our method demonstrates competitive performance over the state-of-the-art reconstruction networks in terms of image quality.
Optimized ARROW-Based MMI Waveguides for High Fidelity Excitation Patterns for Optofluidic Multiplexing (2018)

Multimode interference (MMI) waveguides can be used for multiplexing and de-multiplexing optical signals. High fidelity, wavelength dependent multi-spot patterns from MMI waveguides are useful for sensitive and simultaneous identification of multiple targets in multiplexed fluorescence optofluidic biosensors. Through experiments and simulation, this paper explores design parameters for an MMI rib anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW) in order to produce high fidelity spot patterns at the liquid core biomarker excitation region. Width and etch depth of the single excitation rib waveguide used to excite the MMI waveguide are especially critical because they determine the size of the input optical mode which is imaged at the MMI waveguide's output. To increase optical throughput into the MMI waveguide when light is coupled in from an optical fiber, tapers in the waveguide width can be used for better mode matching.
Efficacy and Safety of an Ad26.RSV.preF–RSV preF Protein Vaccine in Older Adults (2023)

In adults 65 years of age or older, Ad26.RSV.preF-RSV preF protein vaccine was immunogenic and prevented RSV-mediated lower respiratory tract disease. (Funded by Janssen Vaccines and Prevention; CYPRESS ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03982199.).
A novel distributed system for plasma immersion ion implanter control and automation (1998)

The high voltage and electromagnetic field environment poses a big challenge to a control system for plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII). The automation process must be immune to electric field interference produced by the high voltage power supply, modulator, radio-frequency or microwave plasma generator, MEVVA plasma sources, and so on. We have recently designed and installed a distributed control system, PIIIDCS, to automate the operation of our PIII facility. Programmable logic controllers are used as the field control stations because of their good anti-interference ability and good real time response. A DH-485 network is used as the communication link between the field controllers and the management station in order to improve the robustness and reliability of the system. The newly developed interface is designed to work in a graphic mode in Microsoft Windows 95. Test runs have shown that the system is reliable, flexible, and easy to operate. The development of this novel control system will expedite the development of commercial PIII instrumentation.
A dynamic RFID performance test system (2010)

In many RFID application scenarios the distance between reader and tags is constantly changing with a different velocity. And this change will affect the performance of RFID system. In this paper, a novel scheme named a dynamic RFID performance test system is proposed to find out how movement affects the performance of the RFID system. A new simplified model is proposed to describe these scenarios, and the architecture of a dynamic RFID performance test system is designed base on this model. Furthermore, the work flow of the system is introduced, and two pictures for sample signals captured by this system are demonstrated. The test system can complete the test task very well in dynamic scenarios.
Targeting RNA decay with 2′,5′ oligoadenylate-antisense in respiratory syncytial virus-infected cells (1997)

Treatment of human cells with 2',5' oligoadenylate covalently linked to antisense (2-5A-antisense) results in the selective cleavage of targeted RNA species by 2-5A-dependent RNase L. Here we show that 2-5A-antisense containing stabilizing modifications at both termini are effective in suppressing the replication of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in human tracheal epithelial cells. The affinity of 2-5A-antisense for different regions in the RSV M2 and L mRNAs was predicted from a computer-generated model of the RNA secondary structure. The most potent 2-5A-antisense molecule caused a highly effective, dose-dependent suppression of RSV yields when added to previously infected cells. In contrast, control oligonucleotides, including an inactive dimeric form of 2-5A linked to antisense, 2-5A linked to a randomized sequence of nucleotides, and antisense molecules lacking 2-5A, had minimal effects on virus replication. The specificity of this approach was shown by reverse transcriptase-coupled PCR analysis of RSV M2, P, and N mRNA and of cellular glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA. The RSV M2 mRNA amounts were depleted after treating RSV-infected cells with 2-5A-antisense targeted to this mRNA, whereas the amounts of the other RNA species were unchanged. These studies demonstrate that 2',5' oligoadenylate covalently linked to antisense (2-5A-antisense) can effectively suppress RSV replication by directing the cellular RNase L to selectively degrade an essential viral mRNA.
A multi-server oblivious dynamic searchable encryption framework (2019)

Data privacy is one of the main concerns for data outsourcing on the cloud. Although standard encryption can provide confidentiality, it prevents the client from searching/retrieving meaningful information on the outsourced data thereby, degrading the benefits of using cloud services. To address this data utilization versus privacy dilemma, Dynamic Searchable Symmetric Encryption (DSSE) has been proposed. DSSE enables encrypted search and update functionality over the encrypted data via a secure index. However, the state-of-the-art DSSE constructions leak information from the access pattern, making them vulnerable against various attacks. While generic Oblivious Random Access Machine (ORAM) can hide the access pattern, it incurs a heavy communication overhead, which was shown costly to be directly used in the DSSE setting. In this article, by exploiting the multi-cloud infrastructure, we develop a comprehensive Oblivious Distributed DSSE (ODSE) framework that allows oblivious search and updates on the encrypted index with high security and improved efficiency over the use of generic ORAM. Our framework contains a series of [Formula: see text] schemes each featuring different levels of performance and security required by various types of real-life applications. ODSE offers desirable security guarantees such as information-theoretic security and robustness in the presence of a malicious adversary. We fully implemented [Formula: see text] framework and evaluated its performance in a real cloud environment (Amazon EC2). Our experiments showed that ODSE schemes are [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] faster than using generic ORAMs on a DSSE encrypted index under real network settings.
Performance of Nanoscale Quantum Well Thermoelectrics (2007)

Alternating 10 nm thermoelectric films of N-type Si/SiGe and P-type Si/SiGe and B4C/B9C have been fabricated on various substrates, electrically joined and thermoelectric properties measured from 40°K up to 700°K. These nanoscale thermoelectric films demonstrate excellent thermoelectric power factors significantly higher than current bulk thermoelectric materials. The implications of the measured thermoelectric Seebeck coefficient data and electrical resistivity data for alternating 10 nm films that are grown to thicknesses of one to 10 microns means efficiencies of 15% at 200°C temperature differences and efficiencies of 30% at 400°C temperature differences. Utilizing Seebeck and resistivity data obtained by Hi-Z and UCSD, along with published bulk thermal conductivity data, which is conservative, unique thermoelectric module and generator concept designs for both power generation and cooling are presented over wide temperature and power ranges.
Tracking Performance in Ultrasound Super-Resolution Imaging (2020)

Tracking plays an important role in super-resolution (SR) ultrasound imaging, as it improves the quality and sharpness of the final SR images. Moreover, tracking enables quantification of clinically important parameters, such as blood flow velocity. However, the tracking performance degrades in the presence of complex particle patterns and localization uncertainty due to noise and motion. This work presents and discusses multiple approaches for tracking evaluation and compares a nearest-neighbor (NN) with a Kalman tracker through simulations and an in vivo experiment. It is shown that in the presence of a localization uncertainty with a standard deviation (SD) of λ/5, the bias and SD of the velocity estimates reach -1.04 ± 0.9 mm/s and -0.12 ± 0.72 mm/s in the NN and Kalman tracker, respectively (relative to the peak velocity of 10 mm/s). The precision of individual track positions is estimated for an in vivo experiment as 37.95 ± 21.37 μm and 23.9 ± 11.82 μm for the NN and Kalman trackers, respectively. The results indicate that the Kalman tracker achieves a better velocity estimation and reduces localization uncertainty.
A methacrylic hyaluronic acid derivative for potential application in oral treatment of celiac disease (2017)

Prepared hydrogels show a potential application for oral treatment of celiac disease thanks to the possibility to release enzymes able to detoxify the gliadin peptide that induces the immunogenic response.
Immunohistochemical characterization of fibrin(ogen)-related antigens in human tissues using monoclonal antibodies. (1989)

A new approach to study the distribution of fibrin(ogen)-related antigens was investigated using three different monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and the avidin-biotin complex immunoperoxidase technique. MAb I8C6 recognizes B beta 1-42 peptide and can react with either fibrinogen or fibrin I; MAb T2G1 recognizes B beta 15-42 peptide and detects fibrin II but does not cross-react with fibrinogen; MAb GC4 reacts with Fragments D/DD derived from plasmin degradation of fibrinogen or fibrin but not with intact fibrinogen. The method can be applied to frozen or Bouin's fixed paraffin-embedded tissues obtained at biopsy, surgery, and autopsy. The distribution of the three antigens observed with the three MAbs was compared with that obtained with a polyclonal antiserum to fibrinogen and with the more conventional histochemical stains used in pathology to demonstrate fibrin deposits in tissues (Lendrum and PTAH). The staining observed with the three monoclonals clearly detected three different populations of fibrin(ogen)-related antigen in the tissues examined. The staining with MAb T2G1 specifically detected fibrin II with greater sensitivity than did conventional stains. The results of this study suggest that this method allows the molecular form of fibrin(ogen)-related deposits in tissues to be determined and this information may help to elucidate the role of fibrin in various disease states, such as atherosclerosis and renal disease, and in tumor growth and metastasis.
Identification of single amino acid residues essential for the binding of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to LPS binding protein (LBP) residues 86–99 by using an Ala‐scanning library (2002)

Lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) is a 60 kDa acute phase glycoprotein capable of binding to LPS of Gram-negative bacteria and facilitating its interaction with cellular receptors. This process is thought to be of great importance in systemic inflammatory reactions such as septic shock. A peptide corresponding to residues 86-99 of human LBP (LBP86-99) has been reported to bind specifically with high affinity the lipid A moiety of LPS and to inhibit the interaction of LPS with LBP. We identified essential amino acids in LBP86-99 for binding to LPS by using a peptide library corresponding to the Ala-scanning of human LBP residues 86-99. Amino acids Trp91 and Lys92 were indispensable for peptide-LPS interaction and inhibition of LBP-LPS binding. In addition, several alanine-substituted synthetic LBP-derived peptides inhibited LPS-LBP interaction. Substitution of amino acids Arg94, Lys95 and Phe98 by Ala increased the inhibitory effect. The mutant Lys95 was the most active in blocking LPS binding to LBP. These findings emphasize the importance of single amino acids in the LPS binding capacity of small peptides and may contribute to the development of new drugs for use in the treatment of Gram-negative bacterial sepsis.
Synthesis of 2-phenylthiazolidine derivatives as cardiotonic agents. IV. Modification of the phenylpiperazino moiety of 2-(phenylpiperazinoalkoxyphenyl)thiazolidine-3-carbothioamides and the corresponding carboxamides. (1987)

Examination of the structure-activity relationships of 2- (phenylpiperazinoalkoxyphenyl) -thiazolidine-3-carbothioamides and the corresponding carboxamides (1) as new cardiotonic agents was extended by the chemical modification of the phenylpiperazino moiety. The 4-phenylpiperidine (13), 4-phenyltetrahydropyridines (17), and related derivatives were prepared from the chlorides (10) through several intermediates (12, 14, and 16) and tested for cardiotonic activity. Generally, both the 4-phenylpiperidine (13) and 4-phenyltetrahydropyridine (17) derivatives exhibited potent positive inotropic activity comparable to that of 1. The N-phenylpiperidines (9) and amide derivatives (22, 25, and 28) exhibited no significant positive inotropy. This is also the case for the phenylpropylamines (29) and the ethylenediamines (30), which are pseudo-ring analogues of 1 with respect to the piperazine moiety. The activity of the homopiperazine derivative (23) was approximately one-thirtieth of that of the corresponding piperazine derivative (1). Thus, the presence of the six-membered, basic azacycloalkane ring (piperidine or piperazine) with a 4-phenyl group at the end of the alkoxy side chain appears to be essential for the appearance of potent positive inotropic activity in this series of compounds.
Heat-Assisted Interlaced Magnetic Recording (2017)

Heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) is the next generation hard disk drive technology that enables continued and significant areal density growth. There are currently two common architectures for the layout of tracks in hard disk drives: conventional magnetic recording (CMR) and shingled magnetic recording (SMR). In CMR, any track can be written at any time and neighboring tracks do not intentionally overlap. In SMR, the tracks are written sequentially in bands with the tracks intentionally overlapping like shingles on a roof. In this paper, we introduce a novel track layout, interlaced magnetic recording (IMR), and apply it to a HAMR recording system. With heat-assisted IMR, we observed a 31% increase in areal density over HAMR CMR whereas in a HAMR SMR architecture, we observed a 27% increase in areal density over HAMR CMR.
Design of efficient rectenna with vertical ground‐walls for RF energy harvesting (2013)

The design of an efficient rectenna with vertical ground‐walls for RF energy harvesting is proposed. The proposed rectenna is composed of the broadband dipole‐type antenna and the rectangular ground plane with two vertical ground‐walls. Especially, the vertical ground‐walls are designed to suppress and harvest the back‐lobe of the main radiator without the disturbances of the main radiator's electrical performance. The back‐lobe of the proposed rectenna is significantly reduced to 8.4 dB and the amount of the harvesting energy is approximately 1.74% of the original input power. This rectenna has an advantage of simple design which helps to harvest RF energy from high‐gain antennas.
Involvement of the IRF-1 Transcription Factor in Antiviral Responses to Interferons (1994)

The mechanisms underlying interferon (IFN)-induced antiviral states are not well understood. Interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) is an IFN-inducible transcriptional activator, whereas IRF-2 suppresses IRF-1 action. The inhibition of encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) replication by IFN-alpha and especially by IFN-gamma was impaired in cells from mice with a null mutation in the IRF-1 gene (IRF-1-/- mice). The IRF-1-/- mice were less resistant than normal mice to EMCV infection, as revealed by accelerated mortality and a larger virus titer in target organs. The absence of IRF-1 did not clearly affect replication of two other types of viruses. Thus, IRF-1 is necessary for the antiviral action of IFNs against some viruses, but IFNs activate multiple activation pathways through diverse target genes to induce the antiviral state.
A systems biology based integrative framework to enhance the predictivity of<i>in vitro</i>methods for drug-induced liver injury (2008)

Integrating in silico and in vitro methods provides a powerful platform that allows reasonably accurate and mechanistic-level prediction of drug-induced liver injury. The method demonstrates that several physiological situations can be accurately modelled as can the effect of perturbations induced by drugs. It can also be used along with high-throughput 'omic' data to generate testable hypotheses leading to informed decision-making.
Testing and design-for-testability solutions for 3D integrated circuits (2011)

Three-dimensional integrated circuits (3D ICs) promise to overcome barriers in interconnect scaling, thereby offering an opportunity to get higher performance using CMOS technology. Despite these benefits, testing remains a major obstacle that hinders the adoption of 3D integration. Test techniques and design-for-testability (DfT) solutions for 3D ICs have remained largely unexplored in the research community, even though experts in industry have identified a number of test challenges related to the lack of probe access for wafers, test access to modules in stacked wafers/dies, thermal concerns, test economics, and new defects arising from unique processing steps such as wafer thinning, alignment, and bonding. In this embedded tutorial, the speaker will present an overview of 3D integration, its unique processing and assembly steps, testing and DfT challenges, and some of the solutions being advocated for these challenges. The speaker will focus on proposals for pre-bond testing of dies and TSVs, DfT innovations related to the optimization of die wrappers, test scheduling solutions, and access to dies and inter-die interconnects during stack testing. Time permitting, the speaker will also highlight recent work on comprehensive cost modeling for 3D ICs, which includes the cost of design, manufacture, testing, and test flows.
Boundary Lubricants with Exceptionally Low Friction Coefficients Based on 2D Close‐Packed Phosphatidylcholine Liposomes (2011)

Liposomes of hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine (PC) lipids spontaneously self-assemble in close-packed layers on solid surfaces to form boundary lubricants that reduce the coefficient μ of sliding friction between them down to μ ≈ 10−4 – 2 × 10−5, at pressures up to ca. 12 MPa. This strikingly low value is attributed to hydration-lubrication by the PC headgroups exposed at the surfaces of the gel-phase vesicles. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Adaptive Snubber-Type Magnetorheological Fluid-Elastomeric Helicopter Lag Damper (2010)

A snubber-type magnetorheological fluid-elastomeric lag damper is developed to provide adaptive lead-lag damping augmentation for a hingeless helicopter rotor. The magnetorheological fluid-elastomeric lag damper consists of a flow valve, a flexible snubber body, and a flexible center wall separating the body into two fluid chambers. Magnetorheological fluid enclosed in the snubber body can flow through two magnetorheological valves and be activated by a magnetic field in the valves. Consistent with the loading conditions for a helicopter lag damper, the magnetorheological fluid-elastomeric damper is tested under single and dual frequency excitations. The complex modulus method was used to compare the magnetorheological fluid-elastomeric device damping performance with the baseline passive Fluidlastic damper. A significant controllable damping range is observed as current is applied to the magnetorheological valve in the magnetorheological fluid-elastomeric damper. Furthermore, to account for the nonlinear hysteresis behavior ofthe magnetorheological fluid-elastomeric damper and estimate the damping force, a time-domain hydromechanical model is formulated based on lumped parameters. Model parameters are established using damper geometry, material properties, and experimental data. The model is then applied to simulate the force vs displacement response and force time history under both single and dual frequency excitations.
MMB triazole analogs are potent NF-κB inhibitors and anti-cancer agents against both hematological and solid tumor cells (2018)

Abstract Triazole derivatives of melampomagnolide B (MMB) have been synthesized via click chemistry methodologies and screened against a panel of 60 human cancer cell lines. Several derivatives showed promising anti-cancer activity, affording growth inhibition (GI50) values in the nanomolar range (GI50 = 0.02–0.99 μM). Lead compound 7h exhibited EC50 values of 400 nM and 700 nM, respectively, against two AML clinical specimens. Compound 7h was significantly more potent than parthenolide as an inhibitor of p65 phosphorylation in both hematological and solid tumor cell lines, indicating its ability to inhibit the NF-κB pathway. In TMD-231 breast cancer cells, treatment with 7h reduced DNA binding activity of NF-κB through inhibition of IKK-β mediated p65 phosphorylation and caused elevation of basal IκBα levels through inhibition of constitutive IκBα turnover and NF-κB activation. Molecular docking and dynamic modeling studies indicated that 7h interacts with the kinase domain of the monomeric IKKβ subunit, leading to inhibition of IKKβ activation, and compromising phosphorylation of downstream targets of the NF-κB pathway; dynamic modeling studies show that this interaction also causes unwinding of the α-helix of the NEMO binding site on IKKβ. Molecular docking studies with 10, a water-soluble analog of 7h, demonstrate that this analog interacts with the dimerization/oligomerization domain of monomeric IKKβ and may inhibit oligomer formation and subsequent autophosphorylation. Sesquiterpene lactones 7h and 10 are considered ideal candidates for potential clinical development.