gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differential Response of Chondrocytes and Chondrogenic-Induced Mesenchymal Stem Cells to C1-OH Tributanoylated N-Acetylhexosamines (2013)

Articular cartilage has a limited ability to self-repair because of its avascular nature and the low mitotic activity of the residing chondrocytes. There remains a significant need to develop therapeutic strategies to increase the regenerative capacity of cells that could repair cartilage. Multiple cell types, including chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells, have roles in articular cartilage regeneration. In this study, we evaluated a platform technology of multiple functionalized hexosamines, namely 3,4,6-O-tributanoylated-N-acetylgalactosamine (3,4,6-O-Bu3GalNAc), 3,4,6-O-tributanoylated-N-acetylmannosamine (3,4,6-O-Bu3ManNAc) and 3,4,6-O-Bu3GlcNAc, with the potential ability to reduce NFκB activity. Exposure of IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes to the hexosamine analogs resulted in increased expression of ECM molecules and a corresponding improvement in cartilage-specific ECM accumulation. The greatest ECM accumulation was observed with 3,4,6-O-Bu3GalNAc. In contrast, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exposed to 3,4,6-O-Bu3GalNAc exhibited a dose dependent decrease in chondrogenic differentation as indicated by decreased ECM accumulation. These studies established the disease modification potential of a hexosamine analog platform on IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes. We determined that the modified hexosamine with the greatest potential for disease modification is 3,4,6-O-Bu3GalNAc. This effect was distinctly different with 3,4,6-O-Bu3GalNAc exposure to chondrogenic-induced MSCs, where a decrease in ECM accumulation and differentiation was observed. Furthermore, these studies suggest that NFκB pathway plays a complex role cartilage repair.
Measurement of the shear wave speed in a submerged plate (2009)

This paper develops an inverse method to estimate, in water, the shear wave speed in an isotropic, thick, elastomeric plate. The submerged plate is mechanically shaken and a scanning laser vibrometer is used to measure normal velocity on one surface. The temporal domain measurements are transformed into the frequency domain using a Fourier transform, then, the spatial domain measurements are transformed into the kx,ky wavevector domain using two Fourier transforms. Once the data is in the wavevector-frequency domain, the propagation wavenumber of each specific wave type can be estimated by fitting a circle to each collection of spectral peaks. Using this measured estimate of the wavenumber corresponding to the propagating wave, the Newton-Raphson gradient method is applied (inserting the estimated wavenumber into to the theoretical dispersion curve equation for wave propagation in a fluid-loaded plate,) hence resulting in an estimate of the shear wave speed. An experiment is included to illustrate the method and statistical properties of the measurement are discussed.
Palladium based micromembranes for hydrogen separation and hydrogenation/dehydrogenation reactions (1999)

Novel palladium-based micromembranes have been microfabricated to allow for controlled selective hydrogen flux. These micromembranes have the potential to be used in a variety of hydrogen purification applications, as well as for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions. The microfabrication process allows for integration of heaters and temperature sensors into the device. The e-beam deposited thin Pd film achieves excellent hydrogen selectivity at high permeation rates. The membrane has good mechanical strength and has been shown to withstand pressure gradients of over 5 atm. Microfabricated palladium membranes enable new applications because of their small size, fast thermal response times, and high efficiency.
Organic Field-Effect Transistors Based on 2,6-Diphenylbenzo [1,2-<i>b</i>:5,4-<i>b</i>′]-Dithiophene and -Diselenophene (<i>iso</i>-DPh-BDXs) (2006)

The title heteroaromatic compounds were prepared as novel organic semiconductors, and field-effect transistors possessing them as an active layer were fabricated and evaluated.
Comparative evaluation of supplemental hepatitis C virus antibody test systems (1992)

Implementation of routine blood donor screening using anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) enzyme immunoassay (EIA) has resulted in an urgent need for well-characterized supplemental assays to confirm the presence of HCV antibodies. A comparative study of four commercially available supplemental assays is reported here: first- and second-generation versions of a strip recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA-1 and RIBA-2), an HCV neutralization EIA, and HCV neutralization plus synthetic peptide EIA. Three hundred sixty-seven blood donor specimens that were repeatedly reactive on HCV EIA were studied. Most specimens (93%) were also evaluated by radioimmunoassay (RIA) with a six-antigen panel, and 60 selected specimens were tested for HCV RNA by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RIBA-1 and RIBA-2 gave concordant results with 86 percent of specimens, while an additional 13 percent were correctly classified by RIBA-2 but not RIBA-1. Neutralization EIA alone correctly identified 94 percent of the study group, while the remaining 6 percent required the peptide EIA or the combined neutralization-peptide assay system for correct classification. The RIBA-2 and neutralization-peptide assay system for correct classification. The RIBA-2 and neutralization-peptide assay systems yielded identical results for 86 percent of specimens, and these results were supported by RIA and selected PCR testing. Only 2 specimens (0.5%) were frankly discrepant, while 51 specimens were indeterminate on either (47) or both (4) assays. When either the RIBA-2 or neutralization-peptide assay yielded an indeterminate interpretation, the other system correctly classified the specimen (based on concordance with RIA and PCR data) in a high proportion (92%) of cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Structural Basis of Smad2 Recognition by the Smad Anchor for Receptor Activation (2000)

The Smad proteins mediate transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta) signaling from the transmembrane serine-threonine receptor kinases to the nucleus. The Smad anchor for receptor activation (SARA) recruits Smad2 to the TGFbeta receptors for phosphorylation. The crystal structure of a Smad2 MH2 domain in complex with the Smad-binding domain (SBD) of SARA has been determined at 2.2 angstrom resolution. SARA SBD, in an extended conformation comprising a rigid coil, an alpha helix, and a beta strand, interacts with the beta sheet and the three-helix bundle of Smad2. Recognition between the SARA rigid coil and the Smad2 beta sheet is essential for specificity, whereas interactions between the SARA beta strand and the Smad2 three-helix bundle contribute significantly to binding affinity. Comparison of the structures between Smad2 and a comediator Smad suggests a model for how receptor-regulated Smads are recognized by the type I receptors.
Decision trees for phonological rules in continuous speech (1991)

The authors present an automatic method for modeling phonological variation using decision trees. For each phone they construct a decision tree that specifies the acoustic realization of the phone as a function of the context in which it appears. Several-thousand sentences from a natural language corpus spoken by several speakers are used to construct these decision trees. Experimental results on a 5000-word vocabulary natural language speech recognition task are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Analysis of slim cigarettes and their components marketed between 2011 and 2015 in the European Union (2017)

For an investigation of the design of slim cigarettes 107 different slim cigarette brand variants were bought in the European Union from 2011 to 2015. The cigarettes were analyzed with respect to cigarette geometry, smoke yields, physical cigarette parameters and cigarette paper parameters. Histograms were determined for each parameter to visualize the distribution of cigarette properties and cigarette design parameters. Correlations between the design parameters and smoke yields were determined. The results indicate that the main cigarette design tools are effectively used for slim cigarette design, but to a certain extent the high flow velocity, the low tobacco mass and the high paper area per tobacco mass influence the design choices. Filter technology, including filter ventilation, is used as the main design tool to adjust smoke yields on a large scale, while the cigarette paper parameters serve to fine-tune the cigarette design with respect to smoke yields and other cigarette properties, mainly optical properties such as opacity, whiteness but also ash appearance.
Estimation of Center of Mass Trajectory using Wearable Sensors during Golf Swing. (2015)

This study suggests a wearable sensor technology to estimate center of mass (CoM) trajectory during a golf swing. Groups of 3, 4, and 18 participants were recruited, respectively, for the purpose of three validation studies. Study 1 examined the accuracy of the system to estimate a 3D body segment angle compared to a camera-based motion analyzer (Vicon®). Study 2 assessed the accuracy of three simplified CoM trajectory models. Finally, Study 3 assessed the accuracy of the proposed CoM model during multiple golf swings. A relatively high agreement was observed between wearable sensors and the reference (Vicon®) for angle measurement (r > 0.99, random error <1.2° (1.5%) for anterior-posterior; <0.9° (2%) for medial-lateral; and <3.6° (2.5%) for internal-external direction). The two-link model yielded a better agreement with the reference system compared to one-link model (r > 0.93 v. r = 0.52, respectively). On the same note, the proposed two-link model estimated CoM trajectory during golf swing with relatively good accuracy (r > 0.9, A-P random error <1cm (7.7%) and <2cm (10.4%) for M-L). The proposed system appears to accurately quantify the kinematics of CoM trajectory as a surrogate of dynamic postural control during an athlete's movement and its portability, makes it feasible to fit the competitive environment without restricting surface type. Key pointsThis study demonstrates that wearable technology based on inertial sensors are accurate to estimate center of mass trajectory in complex athletic task (e.g., golf swing)This study suggests that two-link model of human body provides optimum tradeoff between accuracy and minimum number of sensor module for estimation of center of mass trajectory in particular during fast movements.Wearable technologies based on inertial sensors are viable option for assessing dynamic postural control in complex task outside of gait laboratory and constraints of cameras, surface, and base of support.
Molecular Testing for Trichomonas vaginalis in Women: Results from a Prospective U.S. Clinical Trial (2011)

Trichomoniasis is a common sexually transmitted disease associated with preterm birth, low birth weight, and increased susceptibility to infection with other pathogenic sexually transmitted microorganisms. Nucleic acid amplification tests for Trichomonas vaginalis have improved sensitivity for detecting infected individuals compared to existing culture-based methods. This prospective, multicenter U.S. clinical trial evaluated the performance of the automated Aptima T. vaginalis assay for detecting T. vaginalis in 1,025 asymptomatic and symptomatic women. Vaginal swab, endocervical swab, ThinPrep PreservCyt, and urine specimens were collected. Subject infection status was determined by wet-mount microscopy and culture. Aptima T. vaginalis assay performance was determined for each specimen type by comparison to subject infection status. Of 933 subjects analyzed, 59.9% were symptomatic. Aptima T. vaginalis clinical sensitivity and specificity were, respectively, 100% and 99.0% for vaginal swabs, 100% and 99.4% for endocervical swabs, 100% and 99.6% in ThinPrep samples, and 95.2% and 98.9% in urine specimens. Aptima T. vaginalis performance levels were similar in asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects. This study validates the clinical performance of the Aptima T. vaginalis assay for screening asymptomatic and symptomatic women for T. vaginalis infection.
Ultrastrong Translucent Glass Ceramic with Nanocrystalline, Biomimetic Structure (2018)

Transparent/translucent glass ceramics (GCs) have broad applications in biomedicine, armor, energy, and constructions. However, GCs with improved optical properties typically suffer from impaired mechanical properties, compared to traditional sintered full-ceramics. We present a method of obtaining high-strength, translucent GCs by preparing ZrO<sub>2</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> nanocrystalline glass ceramics (NCGCs) with a microstructure of monocrystalline ZrO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles (NPs), embedded in an amorphous SiO<sub>2</sub> matrix. The ZrO<sub>2</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> NCGC with a composition of 65%ZrO/35%SiO<sub>2</sub> (molar ratio, 65Zr) achieved an average flexural strength of 1 GPa. This is one of the highest flexural strength values ever reported for GCs. ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs bond strongly with SiO<sub>2</sub> matrix due to the formation of a thin (2-3 nm) amorphous Zr/Si interfacial layer between the ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs and SiO<sub>2</sub> matrix. The diffusion of Si atoms into the ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs forms a Zr-O-Si superlattice. Electron tomography results show that some of the ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs are connected in one direction, forming in situ ZrO<sub>2</sub> nanofibers (with length of ∼500 nm), and that the ZrO<sub>2</sub> nanofibers are stacked in an ordered way in all three dimensions. The nanoarchitecture of the ZrO<sub>2</sub> nanofibers mimics the architecture of mineralized collagen fibril in cortical bone. Strong interface bonding enables efficient load transfer from the SiO<sub>2</sub> matrix to the 3D nanoarchitecture built by ZrO<sub>2</sub> nanofibers and NPs, and the 3D nanoarchitecture carries the majority of the external load. These two factors synergistically contribute to the high strength of the 65Zr NCGC. This study deepens our fundamental understanding of the microstructure-mechanical strength relationship, which could guide the design and manufacture of other high-strength, translucent GCs.
Visible continuum generation using a femtosecond erbium-doped fiber laser and a silica nonlinear fiber (2007)

Supercontinuum extending to visible wavelengths is generated in a hybrid silica nonlinear fiber pumped at 1560 nm by a femtosecond, erbium-doped fiber laser. The hybrid nonlinear fiber consists of a short length of highly nonlinear, germano-silicate fiber (HNLF) spliced to a length of photonic crystal fiber (PCF). A 2 cm length of HNLF provides an initial stage of continuum generation due to higher-order soliton compression and dispersive wave generation before launching into the PCF. The visible radiation is generated in the fundamental mode of the PCF.
FAST: A Framework to Accelerate Super-Resolution Processing on Compressed Videos (2017)

State-of-the-art super-resolution (SR) algorithms require significant computational resources to achieve real-time throughput (e.g., 60Mpixels/s for HD video). This paper introduces FAST (Free Adaptive Super-resolution via Transfer), a framework to accelerate any SR algorithm applied to compressed videos. FAST exploits the temporal correlation between adjacent frames such that SR is only applied to a subset of frames; SR pixels are then transferred to the other frames. The transferring process has negligible computation cost as it uses information already embedded in the compressed video (e.g., motion vectors and residual). Adaptive processing is used to retain accuracy when the temporal correlation is not present (e.g., occlusions). FAST accelerates state-of-the-art SR algorithms by up to 15× with a visual quality loss of 0.2dB. FAST is an important step towards real-time SR algorithms for ultra- HD displays and energy constrained devices (e.g., phones and tablets).
Abstract WP35: An ASL Collateral Score Can Identify Improved Quantitative Cerebral Blood Flow in Acute Stroke Patients (2013)

Objective: To measure quantitative hemodynamic parameters in acute stroke patients using a tomographic collateral assessment based on arterial spin labeling (ASL) [1]. Methods: Patients were retrospectively identified who met these criteria: symptom onset <27 hrs, DWI volume >=10 ml, and ASL and bolus contrast PWI, 1.5T. Pseudocontinuous 3D fast spin echo ASL was performed with the parameters: TR/TE/label time/post-label delay 5500/9.5/1500/2000 ms. PWI was performed using 0.1 mmol Gd and single-shot EPI with the parameters: TR/TE 1800/40 ms. Automated software (RAPID) was used to measure relative CBF, CBV, and time to peak of the residue function (Tmax) [2]. The combined ASL and DSC method was used to determine quantitative CBF and CBV [3]. A four point collateral score (CS) (0=poor, 1=intermediate, 2=good, 3=antegrade perfusion) [4] was determined based on ASL arterial transit artifact (ATA) in 20 ASPECTS ROI’s in each patient [1]. Tests for significant relationships between CS and each parameter was performed. Findings: 13 patients were identified (4 M, 63±13 yrs, 17±7 hrs from symptom onset, DWI size 61±52 ml, PWI Tmax>6 sec size 84±65 ml). CBF increased with increasing CS, with the highest CBF in the antegrade perfused regions. CBV also increased with CS, but there was no difference between good collateral and antegrade regions. Tmax decreased significantly as CS increased. Acute stroke patients with good and poor collaterals are shown in the Figure (yellow arrows = collaterals). Conclusions: Collaterals are important because they supply CBF. ASL is able to predict the quality of collaterals in acute stroke, as was shown previously in Moyamoya disease [1]. This non-contrast assessment of collaterals on MRI may improve patient selection for stroke therapy. References: 1. Zaharchuk et al., Stroke 2011; 42:2485-91; 2. Straka et al., JMRI 2010; 32:1024-37; 3. Zaharchuk et al., Magn Reson Med 2010; 63:1548-56; 4. Kim et al., Stroke 2004; 35:1340-4.
CMOS-compatible AlN piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers (2009)

Piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers for air-coupled ultrasound applications were fabricated using aluminum nitride (AlN) as the active piezoelectric layer. The AlN is deposited via a low-temperature sputtering process that is compatible with deposition on metalized CMOS wafers. An analytical model describing the electromechanical response is presented and compared with experimental measurements. The membrane deflection was measured to be 210 nm when excited at the 220 kHz resonant frequency using a 1V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pp</sub> input voltage.
Switching Capacitor PWM DC/DC Converters and Its Variations (2009)

This paper proposes novel switching capacitor PWM converters. The converter is a combination of a switching capacitor converter and a PWM converter, and it has the following advantages: (1) Zero voltage switching of all the MOSFETs. (2) Using an auto transformer self-driven method to eliminate SR drivers and save driver loss. Therefore there is no need to adjust the synchronous rectifier (SR) control timing, and this reduces body diode conduction loss. (3) Its efficiency is not sensitive to leakage inductor, so that the discrete transformer can be used and it is suitable for both VRM and VRD application. (4) Single phase option makes it more flexible, and it can achieve higher efficiency in whole load range with phase shedding control strategy. A 700 kHz 1.2 V/35 A POL prototype and a four-phase 700 kHz 1.2 V/130 A output VRM prototype were built to verify the analysis.
Cryopump with vibration isolation (1990)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Halil Tugal, Bruce R. Bent; Cryopump with vibration isolation. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 September 1990; 88 (3): 1667. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.400298 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Immunoassays for Detecting Insect Contamination of Food Products (1996)

Federal standards for regulating the amount of insect contamination in a wide variety of foodstuffs make it imperative that accurate and reliable analytical techniques be available for measuring such contamination. Present analytical methods such as the insect fragment count are time consuming, costly and show wide variability. New analytical techniques for insect detection, based on immunological ELISA assays, have been developed which offer simplicity of use, low cost and excellent accuracy and reliability. One class of ELISA assay, based on the insect muscle protein myosin, is designed to detect a broad range of insect pests in a wide range of stored grains, milled grain products, spices, nuts and dried fruits. This assay is available in several formats, ranging from highly quantitative microwell plate assays for laboratory analysis to simple qualitative dipstick assays for on-site screening. Other insect immunoassays have been developed which are species specific for both beneficial and deleterious insects and also for detecting Tephritid fruitflies, such as the medfry, in import and export fruits. Work is in progress on additional immunoassays for the detection of insect material in cooked processed foods and for rodent contamination of foodstuffs.
Membrane-integrated microfluidic device for high-resolution live cell imaging (2011)

The design and fabrication of a membrane-integrated microfluidic cell culture device (five layers,≤500 μm total thickness) developed for high resolution microscopy is reported here. The multi-layer device was constructed to enable membrane separated cell culture for tissue mimetic in vitro model applications and pharmacodynamic evaluation studies. The microdevice was developed via a unique combination of low profile fluidic interconnect design, substrate transfer methodology, and wet silane bonding. To demonstrate the unique high resolution imaging capability of this device, we used oil immersion microscopy to image stained nuclei and mitochondria in primary hepatocytes adhered to the incorporated membrane.
Slip-Based Holistic Corner Control (2011)

This paper describes an analytical methodology and related algorithms for controlling vehicle tire forces. The purpose of control is to provide a driver with a normal driving feel and keep the vehicle on a target path even under poor road conditions. All the control variables are calculated in real time by minimizing the error between actual and target CG forces and moments. Such a real time optimization is possible due to the availability of analytical solutions for the tire force adjustments derived in the matrix form. A key ingredient of the approach is the idea of constructing weight matrices dependent upon tire states after the optimal linear solution is obtained. When a tire reserve approaches its upper limit, the corresponding weight element increases exponentially. As a result, this stability element dominates the gradient of the target function regardless of CG force error magnitudes. Once the tire state becomes normal then the CG force error correction again becomes the dominant component in the control solutions.