gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Combination Therapy with Bispecific Antibodies and PD-1 Blockade Enhances the Antitumor Potency of T Cells (2017)

The DOCK-AND-LOCK (DNL) method is a platform technology that combines recombinant engineering and site-specific conjugation to create multispecific, multivalent antibodies of defined composition with retained bioactivity. We have applied DNL to generate a novel class of trivalent bispecific antibodies (bsAb), each comprising an anti-CD3 scFv covalently conjugated to a stabilized dimer of different antitumor Fabs. Here, we report the further characterization of two such constructs, (E1)-3s and (14)-3s, which activate T cells and target Trop-2- and CEACAM5-expressing cancer cells, respectively. (E1)-3s and (14)-3s, in the presence of human T cells, killed target cells grown as monolayers at subnanomolar concentrations, with a similar potency observed for drug-resistant cells. Antitumor efficacy was demonstrated for (E1)-3s coadministered with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in NOD/SCID mice harboring xenografts of MDA-MB-231, a triple-negative breast cancer line constitutively expressing Trop-2 and PD-L1. Growth inhibition was observed following treatment with (E1)-3s or (14)-3s combined with human PBMC in 3D spheroids generated from target cell lines to mimic the <i>in vivo</i> behavior and microenvironment of these tumors. Moreover, addition of an antagonistic anti-PD-1 antibody increased cell death in 3D spheroids and extended survival of MDA-MB-231-bearing mice. These preclinical results emphasize the potential of combining T-cell-redirecting bsAbs with antagonists or agonists that mitigate T-cell inhibition within the tumor microenvironment to improve immunotherapy of solid cancers in patients. They also support the use of 3D spheroids as a predictive alternative to <i>in vivo</i> models for evaluating T-cell functions. <i>Cancer Res; 77(19); 5384-94. ©2017 AACR</i>.
Solvent-Promoted Self-Healing Epoxy Materials (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTSolvent-Promoted Self-Healing Epoxy MaterialsMary M. Caruso, David A. Delafuente, Victor Ho, Nancy R. Sottos, Jeffrey S. Moore, and Scott R. WhiteView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, and Department of Aerospace Engineering and Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 Cite this: Macromolecules 2007, 40, 25, 8830–8832Publication Date (Web):November 8, 2007Publication History Received4 September 2007Revised16 October 2007Published online8 November 2007Published inissue 1 December 2007https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma701992zhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma701992zrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2007 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4412Altmetric-Citations255LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Deformation,Organic polymers,Pharmaceuticals,Self healing materials,Solvents Get e-Alerts
Advanced Capabilities for Evaluating Student Writing: Detecting Off-Topic Essays Without Topic-Specific Training (2005)

Abstract. We have developed a method to identify when a student essay is off-topic, i.e. the essay does not respond to the test question topic. This task is motivated by a real-world problem: detecting when students using a commercial essay evaluation system, Criterion SM, enter off-topic essays. Sometimes this is done in bad faith to trick the system; other times it is inadvertent, and the student has cut-and-pasted the wrong selection into the system. All previous methods that perform this task require 200-300 human scored essays for training purposes. However, there are situations in which no essays are available for training, such as when a user (teacher) wants to spontaneously write a new topic for her students. For these kinds of cases, we need a system that works reliably without training data. This paper describes an algorithm that detects when a student’s essay is offtopic without requiring a set of topic-specific essays for training. The system also distinguishes between two different kinds of off-topic writing. The results of our experiment indicate that the performance of this new system is comparable to the previous system that does require topicspecific essays for training, and conflates different types of off-topic writing.
Site selective C–H functionalization of Mitragyna alkaloids reveals a molecular switch for tuning opioid receptor signaling efficacy (2021)

Mitragynine (MG) is the most abundant alkaloid component of the psychoactive plant material "kratom", which according to numerous anecdotal reports shows efficacy in self-medication for pain syndromes, depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. We have developed a synthetic method for selective functionalization of the unexplored C11 position of the MG scaffold (C6 position in indole numbering) via the use of an indole-ethylene glycol adduct and subsequent iridium-catalyzed borylation. Through this work we discover that C11 represents a key locant for fine-tuning opioid receptor signaling efficacy. 7-Hydroxymitragynine (7OH), the parent compound with low efficacy on par with buprenorphine, is transformed to an even lower efficacy agonist by introducing a fluorine substituent in this position (11-F-7OH), as demonstrated in vitro at both mouse and human mu opioid receptors (mMOR/hMOR) and in vivo in mouse analgesia tests. Low efficacy opioid agonists are of high interest as candidates for generating safer opioid medications with mitigated adverse effects.
Session Initiation Protocol (<scp>SIP</scp>) (2003)

Abstract The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is an Internet standards‐track protocol for establishing, modifying and terminating multimedia sessions, including IP telephony calls and multiparty conferences. SIP supports personal mobility, addressing users by identifiers that are independent of their current network address. SIP has been extended to notify users of events, such as the presence of people, changes in SIP‐initiated sessions and emergency conditions. SIP is also used for instant messaging (IM), delivering text or multimedia messages to one or more destinations.
Plasma etching—A discussion of mechanisms (1979)

The purpose of the present paper is to review the salient features of our understanding of phenomena which occur in plasma etching situations. The etching process is discussed in terms of three basic steps: adsorption, product formation, and product desorption. Experiments performed in well-defined (nonplasma) environments are discussed with the goal of clarifying the relative importance of these three steps in the etching process. An attempt is made to relate the resulting concepts to several phenomena generally observed in plasma situations (e.g. etching anisotropy, selective etching, the loading effect, and the role of additive gases). Moreover, the glow discharge, in addition to generating active species which initiate the chemical reactions, also causes the etched surface to be subjected to energetic particle (ions, electrons) bombardment. The role of this radiation in the etching process is emphasized. Speculative comments relating to plasma etching parameters and apparatus are also given.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐tert‐Butyl‐5‐chloro‐6‐nitrobenzoxazole: A Practical Synthetic Intermediate for 4‐Aryloxy‐5‐nitro‐2‐aminophenols. (1988)

Abstract Whereas treatment of the benzoxazole (I) with a sodium phenoxide yields only the dimer (II), reaction of the tert‐butyl derivative (III) with the nucleophiles (IV) results in substitution, forming the benzoxazoles (V).
Submillimeter high brightness pulsed x-ray source (1988)

By inducing an electrical discharge in an annular gas plenum connected to a vacuum diode by a narrow annular slit, we demonstrate that microgram preionized plasma liners can be formed and imploded by a dc charged Blumlein pulser to efficiently convert electrical energy into soft x rays. The submillimeter x-ray source can in principle be scaled to the high repetition rate needed for x-ray lithography. In a proof of principle experiment, we have observed using krypton up to 0.5, 20, and 100 J of x-ray output above 1.5 keV, 500 eV, and 150 eV photon energies, respectively.
Expression of protective genes in human renal allografts: a regulatory response to injury associated with graft rejection1,2 (2002)

This data demonstrate that A20 and HO-1 are up-regulated in response to immune injury inferred by AR. Given the antiapoptotic and antiinflammatory functions of these genes, we hypothesize that their expression survives to limit graft injury by maintaining cell viability and controlling inflammation. Their reduced expression in CR as compared with AR represents either inadequate response to injury or a sequelae of prior injury that jeopardizes further tissue response to immune attack.
Decomposition based approach for synthesis of multi-level threshold logic circuits (2008)

Scaling is currently the most popular technique used to improve performance metrics of CMOS circuits. This cannot go on forever because the properties that are responsible for the functioning of MOSFETs no longer hold in nano dimensions. Recent research into nano devices has shown that nano devices can be an alternative to CMOS when scaling of CMOS becomes infeasible in the near future. This is motivating the need for stable and mature design automation techniques for threshold logic since it is the design abstraction used for most nano- devices. This paper presents a new decomposition theory that is based on the properties of threshold functions. The main contributions of this paper are: (1) A new method of algebraic factorization called the min-max factorization. (2) A decomposition theory that uses this new factorization to identify and characterize threshold functions. (3) A new threshold logic synthesis methodology that uses the decomposition theory. This synthesis methodology produces circuits that are better than the previous state of art (27% better gate count and comparable circuit depth).
Molecular Imprinted Receptors in Sol-Gel Materials for Aqueous Phase Recognition of Phosphates and Phosphonates (1998)

Synthetic receptors for phosphates and phosphonates have been generated in SiO2 xerogels via a surface molecular imprinting method. The monomer 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl-1-guanidinium chloride (1) was developed to prepare receptor sites capable of binding with substrates through a combination of ionic and hydrogen bond interactions. HPLC studies and adsorption isotherms performed in water have found that molecular imprinting affords a significant improvement in Ka for phosphate and phosphonate affinity over a randomly functionalized xerogel. Affinities for these materials offer about an order of magnitude improvement in affinity compared to analogous small molecule receptors reported in the literature. The xerogel matrix appears to participate in host-guest interactions through anionic charge buildup with increasing pH.
Microbial coal liquefaction (1985)

The production of apparent coal-derived, water-soluble products occurs when certain microorganisms are cultured in the presence of low-ranked coal. The potential utility of these organisms to convert coal to useful liquid products is being investigated. Particular emphasis is being placed on determining the operating parameters that affect liquefaction, on establishing the characteristics of the liquid products, and on studying potential process approaches that could be used for large-scale operation. Various fungi appear to be the most active organisms and several species have been found associated with lignite in the natural state. Lower-ranked coals seem to be better substrates, although biological action on one subbituminous coal was observed. Liquefaction rate appears to be related to the oxidation state of the coal, as well as other chemical characteristics. The liquid product is not well defined, but it includes a large number of soluble molecular constituents, some of which may have moderate to high molecular weights. Most work has been carried out with surface cultures; however, several different types of organisms can be induced to attach to the solid surface of coal when in suspension culture. The latter may represent the mode of operation for a large processing system. 9 refs., 7 figs., 5 tabs.
Automated, in-vivo, whole-cell electrophysiology using an integrated patch-clamp amplifier (2013)

Whole-cell patch clamp recordings of neuronal activity in vivo exhibit signal quality sufficient to report synaptic and ion channel-mediated subthreshold events of importance for understanding neural processing during normal as well as drug-mediated behavior. Recently, we developed a prototype robot [1] that enables automated whole-cell patch clamp recording of neurons in a living mouse brain. While automation of the in-vivo patch clamping process opens up the possibility of multi-channel in vivo electrophysiology, scaling up the current system would dramatically increase system cost and complexity. Specifically, the current autopatching algorithm relies on several discrete pieces of hardware such as an amplifier, headstage and digitizer--as well as commercial software to communicate with the equipment and perform electrophysiology.

We will present an automated, in-vivo, whole cell electrophysiology suite that consists of a four-channel microchip-based patch clamp amplifier [2] and software that dramatically simplifies the setup necessary for traditional automated patch clamping. This system (Figure ​(Figure1A)1A) eliminates the need for the conventional amplifier, digitizer, headstage, and data acquisition board to effectively combine the high-throughput nature of the autopatcher [1] with the voltage and current clamp toolsets available in commercial software packages. Un-automated in vivo whole-cell recordings have already been demonstrated using a single-channel microchip-based patch clamp amplifier with conventional pCLAMP software (Molecular Devices, Sunnyvale, CA; Figure ​Figure1B).1B). Preliminary results indicate that our simpler, multi-channel electrophysiology suite can perform computations required for automatic neuron detection, leading to successful whole-cell patches. We will report progress toward total automated integration and incorporation of electrophysiology tools into the software suite. The total cost required for the patch chip and the electrophysiology software suite should be several orders of magnitude less than that of conventional systems, and far simpler to handle, integrate with existing rigs, and use.



Figure 1

(A) Single-channel patch chip amplifier in the patch clamping setup. (B) Representative in vivo whole-cell recordings in current clamp mode using conventional pCLAMP software and the patch chip.
Statistical Attack Resilient Data Hiding (2007)

In this paper, we propose a discrete cosine transform (DCT) based spread spectrum data-hiding algorithm that is resilient to statistical attacks. Unlike other spread spectrum based data-hiding algorithms, the proposed algorithm does not introduce a low-pass filtering effect in the histogram of the stego image. The distance between the center of gravity (CoG) as defined by [14] of the unmarked host and the stego images was reduced by 74% in the proposed algorithm. The proposed algorithm is also resilient against the Chi-Square attack and does not compromise on robustness or capacity to achieve this goal. When compared to the generic block based DCT data-hiding scheme, the proposed algorithm provides a 41% reduction in the relative entropy between the host and stego images. In other words, the proposed algorithm is 41% more secure than generic DCT based data-hiding algorithms when measured in terms of relative entropy. The proposed algorithm also provides statistical resilience against a steganalysis attack specifically designed for block DCT datahiding algorithms [29]. The proposed algorithm is robust against a variety of image manipulating attacks such as noise addition, filtering, blurring, sharpening, JPEG compression etc. In the cases of dislocating attacks such as blurring and despeckling, the bit error ratio (BER) was 0.1045 and 0.0435 respectively, thereby yielding retrieval rates of over 89% and 95% respectively. In the case of low quality JPEG attack (Q-30) the retrieval rate was 92%. In the case of noise addition attacks, the retrieval rates were more than 92%.
Topology Optimization of Fixed-Geometry Fluid Diodes (2015)

This paper proposes using topology optimization to design fixed-geometry fluid diodes that allow easy passage of fluid flowing in one direction while inhibiting flow in the reverse direction. Fixed-geometry diodes do not use movable mechanical parts or deformations, but rather utilize inertial forces of the fluid to achieve this flow behavior. Diode performance is measured by diodicity, defined as the ratio of pressure drop of reverse flow and forward flow, or equivalently the ratio of dissipation of reverse and forward flow. Diodicity can then be maximized by minimizing forward dissipation while maximizing reverse dissipation. While significant research has been conducted in topology optimization of fluids for minimizing dissipation, maximizing dissipation introduces challenges in the form of small, mesh dependent flow channels and that artificial flow in solid region becomes (numerically) desirable. These challenges are circumvented herein using projection methods for controlling the minimum length scale of channels and by introducing an additional penalty term on flow through intermediate porosities. Several solutions are presented, one of which is fabricated by 3D printing and experimentally tested to demonstrate the diodelike behavior.
Evaluation of augmented RIC model of child respiratory impedance based on impulse oscillometry data (2006)

The augmented RIC model of the respiratory system is described and analyzed in this work. The parameters for this and four other well-known respiratory system models were estimated using impulse oscillometry data, obtained from both healthy and asthmatic children, in order to compare the modeling errors and the models' fidelity. Of these five models, the augmented RIC model ranked in the middle in terms of magnitude of modeling error for the given data, but other factors in its favor were determined. Hence it is the most reasonable model to use for further studies to improve the detection and diagnosis of respiratory diseases.
Development of Small Macrocyclic Kinase Inhibitors (2022)

Cancer Signaling networks and Molecular Therapeutics
Compact lateral shearing interferometer based on circular modified Hartmann mask (2018)

A compact lateral shearing interferometer (LSI) based on circular Modified Hartmann Mask (cMHM) is proposed for the measurement of wavefront aberrations. A cMHM grating consists of a circular apertures amplitude grating and a phase chessboard grating. By choosing the radius of the circular aperture of the amplitude grating to be the first positive root of Bessel function, residual diffraction orders are suppressed. As a result, the diffraction field of cMHM is close to that of the ideal quadriwave lateral shearing interference which only contains ±1 orders in two orthogonal directions. An interferometer adopting cMHM as the diffraction element exhibits a diminished Talbot effect on the detection plane as those adopting the conventional Modified Hartmann Mask (MHM) grating or the improved Randomly Encoded Hybrid Grating (REHG). Compared with the REHG, the cMHM requires non-strict manufacturing process. Numerical simulations shows a better diffraction efficiency compared with that using the conventional MHM grating. In the experiments, the interferograms captured by the cMHM-LSI exhibit the same level of contrast as those by MHM-LSI.
Theoretical Analysis of Revolving Vane Compressor Vibrations (2014)

The revolving vane (RV) compressor is a relatively new rotary compressor design and many of its performance characteristics would have to be evaluated. Vibration of compressors is one of these aspects and this paper presents the theoretical analysis for the vibration characteristics of the RV compressor. The analysis is done by dividing the compressor into two components – the rotational vibration of the cylinder-rotor assembly, and the resulting torsional twist of the stationary shell housing. The unique approach of using Lagrange’s equations to formulate the equation of motion for the complex cylinder-rotor assembly is presented here, along with preliminary simulated results.
Transplanting Retinal Cells using Bucky Paper for Support (2004)

A novel treatment for retinal degenerative disorders involving transplantation of cells into the eye is currently under development at NASA Ames Research Center and Stanford University School of Medicine. The technique uses bucky paper as a support material for retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, iris pigment epithelial (IPE) cells, and/or stem cells. This technology is envisioned as a treatment for age-related macular degeneration, which is the leading cause of blindness in persons over age 65 in Western nations. Additionally, patients with other retinal degenerative disorders, such as retinitis pigmentosa, may be treated by this strategy. Bucky paper is a mesh of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), as shown in Figure 1, that can be made from any of the commercial sources of CNTs. Bucky paper is biocompatible and capable of supporting the growth of biological cells. Because bucky paper is highly porous, nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and waste can readily diffuse through it. The thickness, density, and porosity of bucky paper can be tailored in manufacturing. For transplantation of cells into the retina, bucky paper serves simultaneously as a substrate for cell growth and as a barrier for new blood vessel formation, which can be a problem in the exudative type of macular degeneration. Bucky paper is easily handled during surgical implantation into the eye. Through appropriate choice of manufacturing processes, bucky paper can be made relatively rigid yet able to conform to the retina when the bucky paper is implanted. Bucky paper offers a distinct advantage over other materials that have been investigated for retinal cell transplantation - lens capsule and Descemet's membrane - which are difficult to handle during surgery because they are flimsy and do not stay flat.