gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A comparison of bootstrap methods and an adjusted bootstrap approach for estimating the prediction error in microarray classification (2007)

This paper first provides a critical review on some existing methods for estimating the prediction error in classifying microarray data where the number of genes greatly exceeds the number of specimens. Special attention is given to the bootstrap-related methods. When the sample size n is small, we find that all the reviewed methods suffer from either substantial bias or variability. We introduce a repeated leave-one-out bootstrap (RLOOB) method that predicts for each specimen in the sample using bootstrap learning sets of size ln. We then propose an adjusted bootstrap (ABS) method that fits a learning curve to the RLOOB estimates calculated with different bootstrap learning set sizes. The ABS method is robust across the situations we investigate and provides a slightly conservative estimate for the prediction error. Even with small samples, it does not suffer from large upward bias as the leave-one-out bootstrap and the 0.632+ bootstrap, and it does not suffer from large variability as the leave-one-out cross-validation in microarray applications.
Environmental setting of the Yellowstone River basin, Montana, North Dakota, and Wyoming (1999)

Natural and anthropogenic factors influence water-quality conditions in the Yellowstone River Basin. Physiography parallels the structural geologic setting that is generally composed of several uplifts and structural basins. Contrasts in climate and vegetation reflect topographic controls and the midcontinental location of the study unit. Surface-water hydrology reflects water surpluses in mountainous areas that are dominated by snowmelt runoff, and arid to semiarid conditions in the plains that are dissected by typically irrigated valleys in the remainder of the study unit. Principal shallow aquifers are Tertiary sandstones and unconsolidated Quaternary deposits. Human population, though sparsely distributed in general, is growing most rapidly in a few urban centers and resort areas, mostly in the northwestern part of the basin. Land use is areally dominated by grazing in the basins and plains and economically dominated by mineral-extraction activities. Forests are the dominant land cover in mountainous areas. Cropland is a major land use in principal stream valleys. Water use is dominated by irrigated agriculture overall, but mining and public-supply facilities are major users of ground water. Coal and hydrocarbon production and reserves distinguish the Yellowstone River Basin as a principal energy-minerals resources region. Current metallic ore production or reserves are nationally significant for platinum-group elements and chromium.The study unit was subdivided as an initial environmental stratification for use in designing the National Water-Quality Assessment Program investigation that began in 1997. Ecoregions, geologic groups, mineral-resource areas, and general land-cover and land-use categories were used in combination to define 18 environmental settings in the Yellowstone River Basin. It is expected that these different settings will be reflected in differing water-quality or aquatic-ecological characteristics.
Roof Damage Assessment using Deep Learning (2017)

Industrial procedures can be inefficient in terms of time, money and consumer satisfaction. the rivalry among businesses' gradually encourages them to exploit intelligent systems to achieve such goals as increasing profits, market share, and higher productivity. The property casualty insurance industry is not an exception. The inspection of a roof's condition is a preliminary stage of the damage claim processing performed by insurance adjusters. When insurance adjusters inspect a roof, it is a time consuming and potentially dangerous endeavor. In this paper, we propose to automate this assessment using RGB imagery of rooftops that have been inflicted with damage from hail impact collected using small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) along with deep learning to infer the extent of roof damage (see Fig. I). We assess multiple convolutional neural networks on our unique rooftop damage dataset that was gathered using a sUAS. Our experiments show that we can accurately identify hail damage automatically using our techniques.
Architectural Code for Rubber Elasticity: From Supersoft to Superfirm Materials (2019)

The current approach to regulating mechanical properties of elastomeric materials is predominately based on the exploratory mixing of different polymers, solvents, and fillers—which is both inflexible in application and imprecise in property control. Here we overview a new materials design approach that harnesses well-defined molecular codes of independently controlled architectural parameters to program grand variation of mechanical "phenotypes". This design-by-architecture approach generates a set of universal correlations between the molecular architecture and the physical behavior of elastomers. In turn, this will lead to novel solvent-free materials that closely mimic the mechanical behavior of biological tissues, ranging from soft fat tissue to firm skin, and fundamentally change high-impact technologies such as soft robotics, wearable electronics, and biomedical devices.
Explicit solutions for exit-only radioactive decay chains (2007)

In this study, we extended Bateman’s [Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 15, 423 (1910)] original work for solving radioactive decay chains and explicitly derived analytic solutions for generic exit-only radioactive decay problems under given initial conditions. Instead of using the conventional Laplace transform for solving Bateman’s equations, we used a much simpler algebraic approach. Finally, we discuss methods of breaking down certain classes of large decay chains into collections of simpler chains for easy handling.
Drug-Membrane Interactions (2002)

Preface. Foreword. INTRODUCTION Function, Composition, and Organization of Membranes OCTANOL--WATER PARTITION VERSUS PARTITIONING INTO MEMBRANES ANALYTICAL TOOLS FOR THE ANALYSIS AND QUANTIFICATION OF DRUG--MEMBRANE INTERACTIONS High--performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Displacement of 45Ca from Phospholipid Head Groups Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) Fluorescence Techniques Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT--IR) Electron Spin Resoncance (ESR) Small Angle Neutron and X--ray Diffraction Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Circular Dichroism (CD) UV Spectroscopy DRUG--MEMBRANE INTERACTIONS AND PHARMACOKINETICS OF DRUGS Drug Transport Drug Distribution Uptake into and Distribution within Bacterial Cells Drug Accumulation, Toxicity, and Selectivity DRUG--MEMBRANE INTERACTIONS AND PHARMACODYNAMICS Drug Efficacy Drug Resistance COMPUTER SIMULATION OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS AND DRUG--PHOSPHOLIPID INTERACTIONS Modeling Strategies for Studying Phospholipids and Drug--Phospholipid Interactions Computer Simulations with Phospholipids Concluding Remarks INDEX
Learning Disabilities Research (1988)

In this invited article, we present an ongoing research program in the area of writing. Although this program has focused on students with learning disabilities (LD) and other struggling writers, it has also concentrated more broadly on issues involving writing development and general writing instruction. One purpose of this review was to share our basic findings in each of these areas, as they have important implications for teaching writing to students with LD. Another purpose was to illustrate how an ongoing research program develops and grows over time. To make this process more concrete, we employed several different literacy devices, including drawing an analogy between the development of our research program and the development of the story line for Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan. Our final purpose was to describe the research we plan to do in the near future.
Video coding using a fast non-separable matching pursuits algorithm (2002)

This paper presents a fast matching pursuits algorithm. In addition to a fast implementation, the algorithm also allows the efficient use of non-separable dictionary basis functions. The use of non-separable components allows basis functions which provide a better match to diagonally orientated image features. In order to demonstrate the proposed method, a simple dictionary is developed and used. Even without any sophisticated entropy coding, the proposed system gives performance exceeding that of H.263.
A new method for 1,2-diamination of alkenes using cyclopentadienylnitrosylcobalt dimer/NO/LiAlH4 (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA new method for 1,2-diamination of alkenes using cyclopentadienylnitrosylcobalt dimer/NO/LiAlH4Paul N. Becker, Mary Ann White, and Robert G. BergmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 17, 5676–5677Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00537a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00537a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1067Altmetric-Citations90LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Development and Evaluation of a Reference Measurement Procedure for the Determination of Estradiol-17β in Human Serum Using Isotope-Dilution Liquid Chromatography−Tandem Mass Spectrometry (2005)

Estradiol is the most potent natural estrogen and is derived from the ovaries. Its concentration in blood is measured to determine ovarian function. A reference measurement procedure for estradiol in serum involving isotope-dilution coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) has been developed and critically evaluated. A deuterated estradiol (estradiol-d3) was used as an internal standard. The estradiol and its internal standard were extracted from serum matrix using solid-phase extractions and derivatized with dansyl chloride prior to reversed-phase LC/MS/MS. The accuracy of the measurement was evaluated by a comparison of results of this reference method on lyophilized human serum reference materials for estradiol [Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) 576, 577, and 578] with the certified values determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) reference methods and by a recovery study for the added estradiol. The results of this method for estradiol agreed with the certified values within the uncertainty of the measurements for the three CRMs. The recovery of the added estradiol ranged from 100.7 to 101.8%. This method was applied to the determination of estradiol in frozen serum samples from three individual female donors. Excellent reproducibility was obtained with within-set coefficient of variations (CVs) ranging from 0.6 to 2.2% and between-set CVs ranging from 0.2 to 0.4%. Excellent linearity was also obtained, with correlation coefficients of all linear regression lines (measured intensity ratios vs mass ratios) ranging from 0.998 to 1.000. The detection limit at a signal-to-noise ratio of approximately 3 was 0.6 pg of estradiol (or 1 ng/L, as expressed as a concentration). This well-characterized LC/MS/MS method for serum estradiol, which demonstrates good accuracy and precision, low susceptibility to interferences, and comparability with GC/MS reference methods, qualifies as a reference measurement procedure that can be used to provide an accuracy base to which routine methods for estradiol can be compared and that will serve as a standard of higher order for measurement traceability.
Theory and experimental validation on isosteric heat of adsorption for an adsorbent + adsorbate system (2008)

High Temperatures - High Pressures
Deployment of Fault Indicator in Distribution Networks: A MIP-Based Approach (2016)

Fault indicator (FI) plays a crucial rule in enhancing service reliability in distribution systems. This device brings substantial benefits for fault management procedure by speeding up fault location procedure. This paper intends to develop a new optimization model to optimally deploy FI in distribution systems. The proposed model aims to consider a tradeoff between the total customer interruption cost and FI relevant costs, including capital investment, installation, and maintenance costs. As the main contribution of this paper, the problem is formulated in mixed integer programming, which guarantees global optimum solution achieved in an effective runtime. Moreover, the model takes advantages of taking pragmatic fault location procedure into account, which results in more reliable solutions. The effectiveness of the proposed method is scrutinized through various case studies and sensitivity analyses of a test system. In addition, the applicability of the model in practice is appraised by applying it on a real-life distribution network. The resultant outcomes demonstrate the integrity of the proposed model.
Harmonic sections of polynomial growth (1997)

In a series of papers [C-M 1-6], Colding and Minicozzi studied the space harmonic functions of polynomial growth and eventually proved a conjecture of YauYau's conjecture.Let M n be a complete manifold with non-negative Ricci curvature.If ρ(x) denotes the distance of any point x to a fixed point p ∈ M, then the space of harmonic functions,defined on M which has at most polynomial growth of degree d must be finite dimensional for any d ∈ R + .In fact, Colding and Minicozzi [C-M 4] announced, and subsequently proved in [C-M 6], a more general statement.They considered complete manifolds satisfying: (V) The volume comparison condition asserting that if V x (r) is the volume of the geodesic ball centered at x ∈ M of radius r then r r νfor some constant ν > 0 and for all r ≤ r ; and (P) The Poincaré inequality stating that there exists a constant C > 0, such that for all x ∈ M and r > 0,It is known that these two conditions are valid on manifolds with non-negative Ricci curvature with ν = n.Using an argument involving the Poincaré inequality and a ball covering lemma, the authors in [C-M 6] proved:
Electron Spin Resonance Spin Trapping Identification of Radicals Formed during Aerobic Forced Aging of Beer (1998)

Using 2-methyl-2-nitrosopropane, 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO), phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone , and 4-pyridyl-1-oxide-N-tert-butylnitrone as spin traps, spin adducts of free radicals formed in beer under aerobic conditions have been characterized by ESR spectroscopy. The 1-hydroxyethyl radical is found to be the quantitatively most important radical, while the hydroxyl radical is trapped only by DMPO and only at high concentrations (0.5 M). Fenton-like oxidation processes in beer thus involve reaction of the 1-hydroxyethyl radical in an important reaction with oxygen, converting it to hydroperoxyl radicals. Keywords: Beer; ESR; spin trapping; oxidation; 1-hydroxyethyl radical; hydroxyl radical
28nm generation programmable families (2010)

▪ Unified device architecture for all 7 Series FPGAs - Scalable platform with three families: cost, power, performance - 50% total power reduction - Increased capacity and bandwidth ▪ Xilinx EPP: SOC with embedded programmable logic array - Boots like a processor - SW centric programming model - Extensible peripheral set and compute ▪ All Xilinx IP (soft and hard) use AMBA AXI interconnect - High performance, scalable interconnect - AXI4 is optimized for FPGAs - Memory mapped and streaming interfaces ▪ Availability - IP with AXI interface: Sept 2010 - 7 Series FPGAs: First devices in early 2011 - EPP: To Be Announced
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidation Resistant Mo‐W‐Cr‐Pd Alloys with Palladium Coatings. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Novel hydrogenation catalyst prepared from an amorphous Cu<sub>70</sub>Zr<sub>30</sub>precursor (1986)

Thermal pretreatment of an amorphous Cu70Zr30 alloy in a hydrogen atmosphere results in a catalyst which contains small copper particles embedded in a zirconium oxide matrix and exhibits an activity which is about an order of magnitude higher for selective hydrogenation of buta-1,3-diene to butenes than polycrystalline copper.
Management of distributed applications in large networks (2003)

Rapid updating of any application is necessary to permit iterative design and development. This task is significantly complicated when an application is distributed. Rather than using the traditional methods of software dissemination and installation, the GRANDiose Distributed Application System permits authorized programmers around a wide area network to install and operate systems at remote sites. This is done using the facilities of GRAND, a test bed for distributed applications. The system is in experimental use on various wide area networks and LANs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Occlusion robust face recognition based on mask learning (2017)

Face occlusion has been a long standing challenging issue in face recognition. In the state-of-the-art deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) face recognition models, occluded facial parts are generally embedded into the learned features together with the non-occluded parts in an equivalent manner. As such, the discriminative power of the generated face representation may be weakened for occluded face images. To address this problem, we propose the MaskNet, a trainable module which can be included in existing CNN architectures. With end-to-end training supervised by only the personal identity labels, MaskNet learns a proper way of adaptively generating different feature map masks for different occluded face images. Intuitively, MaskNet automatically assigns higher weights to the hidden units activated by the non-occluded facial parts and lower weights to those that are activated by the occluded facial parts. Experiments on datasets consisting of real-life and synthetic occluded faces demonstrate that MaskNet can effectively improve the robustness of CNN models towards occlusions in face recognition.
Electronic structure of Te- and As-covered Si(211) (2003)

Electronic and atomic structures of the clean and As- and Te-covered Si(211) surface are studied using pseudopotential density-functional method. The clean surface is found to have $(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1)$ and rebonded $(1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1)$ reconstructions as stable surface structures, but no $\ensuremath{\pi}$-bonded chain reconstruction. Binding energies of As and Te adatoms at a number of symmetry sites on the ideal and $(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1)$ reconstructed surfaces have been calculated because of their importance in the epitaxial growth of CdTe and other materials on the Si(211) surface. The special symmetry sites on these surfaces having the highest binding energies for isolated As and Te adatoms are identified. But more significantly, several sites are found to be nearly degenerate in binding-energy values. This has important consequences for epitaxial growth processes. Optimal structures calculated for 0.5 monolayer of As and Te coverage reveal that the As adatoms dimerize on the surface while the Te adatoms do not. However, both As- and Te-covered surfaces are found to be metallic in nature.
A New Li—Al—N—H System for Reversible Hydrogen Storage. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Efficient Locally Affine Framework for the Registration of Anatomical Structures (2006)

Non-rigid image registration has been widely developed over the last years. However, many registration techniques do not take into account any a priori information on the structures in the images. We present in this article a general locally affine registration framework, which allows us to register local areas in the images using affine transformations having few degrees of freedom. Thanks to our novel polyaffine framework and Log-Euclidean regularization, we ensure a smooth, coherent and invertible transformation all over the image. Remarkably, this is achieved very efficiently, even in 3D. We illustrate our method with two applications: bone registration in the lower abdomen area and critical brain structures registration
A technique for MR-guided needle placement (1988)

A technique for MR-guided needle placementR Lufkin, L Teresi, L Chiu and W HanafeeAudio Available | Share
Implication of Constructing Regional Advantage Approach on the Case of South Moravian Regional Innovation Strategy (2010)

The aim of this article is to asses potential and real possibility to apply contemporary theoretical concepts (constructing regional advantage) for fostering regional innovation systems in the Czech environment, in particular on the case of South Moravian Region. First, basic characteristics of South Moravian Region are presented in the context of research, development and innovation, then single phases of innovation policies are analysed. In addition, some recommendations to adjust innovation policy in the light of CRA are off ered.
SPARC induces the expression of type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (1991)

SPARC, a Ca(2+)-binding glycoprotein that is expressed during tissue morphogenesis and functions as an inhibitor of cell spreading in vitro, was found to induce the secretion of an Mr = 45,000 protein in bovine aortic endothelial (BAE) cells. This protein was identified as type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) on Western blots with anti-PAI-1 antiserum. SPARC stimulated the secretion of PAI-1 protein into the medium of subconfluent BAE cells, but not confluent BAE cells, in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Secretion of PAI-1 into the culture medium was progressive and exhibited an increase of 3- to 7-fold over control values within 24 h after the addition of SPARC. Levels of PAI-1 mRNA were elevated 2-fold within 4 to 24 h after the addition of SPARC and did not increase with higher concentrations of SPARC. Since the induction of PAI-1 mRNA by SPARC was not blocked by cycloheximide, de novo protein synthesis was apparently not required for this stimulation. Control experiments showed that the induction of PAI-1 was not due to contamination of the SPARC preparations with endotoxin. These data demonstrate that SPARC induces the biosynthesis of PAI-1 in BAE cells and suggest a role for SPARC in the regulation of fibrinolysis and in the control of proteolytic events in remodeling tissues.