gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
FERROELECTRIC LIQUID CRYSTAL FIBER WAVEGUIDE (1996)

Abstract In this paper, we present the results on the fabrication and characterization of the FLC-in-fiber waveguides, in which hollow core optical fibers with typical core diameters of 2 to 10 μms are filled with FLCs. Proper alignment of the FLC inside the fiber core, allows for the electro-optic modulation of the liquid crystal refractive index resulting in a new class of devices for optical communication and sensors. We describe the fabrication process of the FLC-in-fiber waveguides. The propagation loss is measured to be 3.5 dB/cm. Linear modulation of the tilt angle up to 10 degrees is obtained by applying the electric fields up to 5 volts/μm. And a 10/24 μsecs rise/fall time is demonstrated with an E-field of 1 volt/μm applied across a fiber of 1 cm in length.
Anti–Transforming Growth Factor Antibody at Low but Not High Doses Limits Cyclosporine-Mediated Nephrotoxicity Without Altering Rat Cardiac Allograft Survival (2004)

These results provide credence to the pivotal role of TGF-beta in immunosuppression-associated renal toxicity in recipients of cardiac transplantation. Furthermore, these findings support a potentially significant therapeutic use of optimal concentration of anti-TGF-beta antibody to ameliorate cyclosporine-associated nephrotoxicity in cardiac transplant recipients.
Microwave Dielectric Properties of CaO-Li<sub>2</sub>O-Ln<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-TiO<sub>2</sub> Ceramics (1993)

We have investigated the microwave dielectric properties of the Li 2 O-Ln 2 O 3 -TiO 2 system and the CaO-Li 2 O-Ln 2 O 3 -TiO 2 system (Ln: Lanthanide), both of which have a perovskite structure. The relationship between the kind of lanthanide element and dielectric properties at microwave frequencies was confirmed. It was also found that the ionic radius of lanthanide ions has a strong influence on the dielectric properties. Excellent dielectric properties of ε r =110, f · Q value=4500 GHz and high temperature stability for the resonant frequency at 3 GHz were obtained with a composition of CaO:SrO:Li 2 O:Sm 2 O 3 :TiO 2 =15.0:1.0:9.0:12.0:63.0 (molar ratio). Also, band-pass filters made of this material were examined. The filters were greatly miniaturized to the size of about 2×5×4 mm 3 (0.04 cm 3 ).
Effect of manufacturing treatments on the rheological character of Mozzarella cheese made from microfiltration retentate depleted of whey proteins (2001)

Abstract Low-moisture, part-skim (LMPS) Mozzarella cheeses were made from highly concentrated skim milk microfiltration (MF) retentate and butteroil. Differing combinations of rennet concentration, coagulation temperature and post-coagulation curd cutting time were used, with comparisons made of the rheological and functional characteristics of cheeses during ageing. Lubricated squeezing flow, stress relaxation, melt and stretch measurements demonstrated that commercial LMPS Mozzarella had substantial textural and functional change between 7 and 30 days of age, while the rheological and functional behaviour of LMPS MF Mozzarella (MFM) exhibited substantial change between 30 and 60 days of age. Rennet concentration was the only experimental factor to significantly affect MFM rheological and functional development. The delayed development of MFM was partially attributed to inhibition of normal cheese proteolysis via whey protein (WP) incorporation, lack of starter culture protease, and homogenization of MF cheesemilk. Use of starter culture in MFM led to improved rheological and functional behaviour.
Synthesis of novel pyrido[3,4‐<i>f</i>]pyrrolo[1,2‐<i>b</i>][1,2,5]triazepines. A Novel heterocyclic ring system (1990)

Abstract The synthesis of novel pyrido[3,4‐ f ]pyrrolo[1,2‐ b ][1,2,5]triazepines 6–17 is described. Subsequent reactions on the parent system include reduction, Grignard addition, alkylation, acylation and carbamoylation.
Assembly of a cytosolic pine glutamine synthetase holoenzyme in leaves of transgenic poplar leads to enhanced vegetative growth in young plants (2003)

ABSTRACT Over‐expression of glutamine synthetase (GS, EC 6.3.1.2), a key enzyme in nitrogen assimilation, may be a reasonable approach to enhance plant nitrogen use efficiency. In this work phenotypic and biochemical characterizations of young transgenic poplars showing ectopic expression of a pine cytosolic GS transgene in photosynthetic tissue (Gallardo et al ., Planta 210, 19–26, 1999) are presented. Analysis of 22 independent transgenic lines in a 6 month greenhouse study indicated that expression of the pine GS transgene affects early vegetative growth and leaf morphology. In comparison with non‐transgenic controls, transgenic trees exhibited significantly greater numbers of nodes and leaves (12%), and higher average leaf length and width resulting in an increase in leaf area (25%). Leaf shape was not altered. Transgenic poplars also exhibited increased GS activity (66%), chlorophyll content (33%) and protein content (21%). Plant height was correlated with GS content in young leaves, suggesting that GS can be considered a marker for vegetative growth. Molecular and kinetic characterization of GS isoforms in leaves indicated that poplar GS isoforms are similar to their counterparts in herbaceous plants. A new GS isoenzyme that displayed molecular and kinetic characteristics corresponding to the octomeric pine cytosolic GS1 was identified in the photosynthetic tissues of transgenic poplar leaves. These results indicate that enhanced growth and alterations in biochemistry during early growth are the consequence of transgene expression and assembly of pine GS1 subunits into a new functional holoenzyme in the cytosol of photosynthetic cells.
Formation of Proteoglycan and Collagen-Rich Scaffold-Free Stiff Cartilaginous Tissue Using Two-Step Culture Methods with Combinations of Growth Factors (2009)

Tissue-engineered cartilage may be expected to serve as an alternative to autologous chondrocyte transplantation treatment. Several methods for producing cartilaginous tissue have been reported. In this study, we describe the production of scaffold-free stiff cartilaginous tissue of pig and human, using allogeneic serum and growth factors. The tissue was formed in a mold using chondrocytes recovered from alginate bead culture and maintained in a medium with transforming growth factor-beta and several other additives. In the case of porcine tissue, the tear strength of the tissue and the contents of proteoglycan (PG) and collagen per unit of DNA increased dose-dependently with transforming growth factor-beta. The length of culture was significantly and positively correlated with thickness, tear strength, and PG and collagen contents. Tear strength showed positive high correlations with both PG and collagen contents. A positive correlation was also seen between PG content and collagen content. Similar results were obtained with human cartilaginous tissue formed from chondrocytes expanded in monolayer culture. Further, an in vivo pilot study using pig articular cartilage defect model demonstrated that the cartilaginous tissue was well integrated with surrounding tissue at 13 weeks after the implantation. In conclusion, we successfully produced implantable scaffold-free stiff cartilaginous tissue, which characterized high PG and collagen contents.
Videography for telepresentations (2003)

Our goal is to help automate the capture and broadcast of lectures to remote audiences. There are two inter-related components to the design of such systems. The technology component includes the hardware (e.g., video cameras) and associated software (e.g., speaker-tracking). The aesthetic component embodies the rules and idioms that human videographers follow to make a video visually engaging. We present a lecture room automation system and a substantial number of new video-production rules obtained from professional videographers who critiqued it. We also describe rules for a variety of lecture room environments differing in the numbers and types of cameras. We further discuss gaps between what professional videographers do and what is technologically feasible today.
Application of suspension magnetization roasting as technology for high-efficiency separation of valuable iron minerals from high-iron bauxite (2022)

A technology for suspension magnetization roasting−magnetic separation was proposed to separate iron minerals for recovery. The optimum parameters were as follows: a roasting temperature of 650 °C, a roasting time of 20 min, a CO concentration of 20%, and particles with a size less than 37 μm accounting for 67.14% of the roasted product. The total iron content and iron recovery of the magnetic concentrate were 56.71% and 90.50%, respectively. The phase transformation, magnetic transition, and microstructure evolution were systematically characterized through iron chemical phase analysis, X-ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results demonstrated the transformation of hematite to magnetite, with the iron content in magnetite increasing from 0.41% in the raw ore to 91.47% in the roasted product.
Adaptive and Personalized Plasma Insulin Concentration Estimation for Artificial Pancreas Systems (2018)

The accurate real-time estimation of PIC will benefit the AP systems by preventing overdelivery of insulin when significant insulin is present in the bloodstream.
Early Detection of Potential Induced Degradation in the Field: Testing a New Method for Silicon PV Modules (2021)

High voltage photovoltaic (PV) systems are affected by potential induced degradation (PID). PID detection by conventional data analysis methods could take a long time, leading to unnoticed energy loss. If PID is detected at an early stage, energy loss could be avoided by taking appropriate measures. This paper presents a new method for detecting PID at an early stage (< 1% power loss). The method is based on low-current DC signals and, hence, it could be implemented in a low-cost sensor. The method was tested experimentally on standard multi-cell crystalline silicon PV modules and successfully detected PID before 1% power loss.
Distributed Quantization of Correlated Images (2017)

This work describes a practical implementation of a theoretically optimal distributed source quantization algorithm applied to the problem of encoding correlated images with separate encoders and a common decoder. We develop multi-dimensional codebooks based on a distributed form of the generalized Lloyd algorithm. We model image patches as elements of a Gaussian mixture model and show how a two-dimensional codebook of image patch codevectors can be used to significantly compress one image by using the reconstructed second image as partial side information. To test the approach we experiment with multimodal images of highly correlated electro-optical and infrared images and show the performance advantage of distributed source quantization over conventional non-distributed lossy compression.
[A polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel as a soft contact lens material]. (1990)

A transparent polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel was prepared from a PVA solution in a mixed solvent consisting of water and a water miscible organic solvent by cooling. The physical properties were evaluated in comparison with commercially available soft contact lens materials, such as polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate (PHEMA) and copolymers of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and N-vinyl pyrrolidone (VP). The PVA hydrogel showed higher tensile strength and elongation at break than the other materials, while it had high water content and oxygen permeability the latter being comparable to those of PMMA/VP copolymers. The protein adsorption of the PVA hydrogel was much less than those of the other materials. The PVA hydrogel soft contact lenses were applied on rabbit eyes for 12 weeks. The influence on the cornea was studied by biomicroscopy, ultrasonic corneal pachymetry and histopathological examination. These examinations revealed no abnormal findings in the cornea. These results suggest that the PVA hydrogel may be promising as a new soft contact lens material.
Abstract 3726: Predicting cellular response to small molecule Mcl-1 antagonists (2016)

Abstract Myeloid cell leukemia -1 (Mcl-1) is an anti-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 protein family which many cancers overexpress and depend on for survival. Mcl-1 inhibits apoptosis by binding to Bax and Bak, inhibiting the effectors of apoptosis from oligomerizing at the outer membrane of the mitochondria to promote cell death. Due to its role in cancer and resistance development to conventional chemotherapies, efforts to potently and specifically target MCL-1 have been ongoing. We have discovered novel small molecule inhibitors that selectively disrupt Mcl-1-Bim binding in the sub-nanomolar range. Anti-proliferative activities of our leading Mcl-1 inhibitors were assessed in a panel of hematological and solid cancer cell lines. We found that our compound promoted apoptosis in a subset of cell lines tested. As there was a variable response, we used BH3 profiling, which is a functional assay that rapidly measures dependence on any of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins for an individual sample to predict in vitro sensitivity to our Mcl-1 antagonists. Using the MS1 peptide, a known potent and selective Mcl-1 binder as a positive control in the BH3 profiling assay, we found a correlation between the BH3 profiling measurement of anti-apoptotic dependence to Mcl-1 and increased cytotoxicity caused by our compounds. These studies demonstrate that our compounds promote apoptosis through a selective inhibition of Mcl-1 mechanism of action and supports further investigation of our compounds in in vivo models of cancer. Citation Format: Leah Hogdal, John Sensintaffar, Allison Arnold, Craig Goodwin, Zhiguo Bian, Subrata Shaw, Chris Tarr, Taekyu Lee, Edward Olejniczak, Stephen Fesik. Predicting cellular response to small molecule Mcl-1 antagonists. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3726.
A new, optical-lever based atomic force microscope (1994)

A new optical‐lever based atomic force microscope is described in which the cantilever scans and is accurately tracked by a scanning focused spot. It can operate at forces below one nanoNewton over image areas greater than 100 μ×100 μ. It can be combined with optical microscopes of high numerical aperture and operated with the sample and cantilever in fluids. As examples of its applications, images of living cells in Petri dishes and a 6 in. (15.24 mm) silicon wafer are included.
Synthesis and Aromatase Inhibitory Activity of Novel Pyridine-Containing Isoflavones (2004)

Aromatase, a cytochrome P450 hemoprotein that is responsible for estrogen biosynthesis by conversion of androgens into estrogens, has been an attractive target in the treatment of hormone-dependent breast cancer. As a result, a number of synthetic steroidal or nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitors have been successfully developed. In addition, there are several classes of natural products that exert potent activities in aromatase inhibition, with the flavonoids being most prominent. Previous studies have exploited flavone and flavanone scaffolds for the development of new aromatase inhibitors. In this paper, we describe the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a novel series of 2-(4'-pyridylmethyl)thioisoflavones as the first example of synthetic isoflavone-based aromatase inhibitors.
Safety of Outpatient Closed-Loop Control: First Randomized Crossover Trials of a Wearable Artificial Pancreas (2014)

CLC running on a smartphone (DiAs) in outpatient conditions reduced hypoglycemia and hypoglycemia treatments when compared with sensor-augmented pump therapy. This was accompanied by marginal increase in average glycemia resulting from a possible overemphasis on hypoglycemia safety.
3D Pose Estimation and 3D Model Retrieval for Objects in the Wild (2018)

We propose a scalable, efficient and accurate approach to retrieve 3D models for objects in the wild. Our contribution is twofold. We first present a 3D pose estimation approach for object categories which significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art on Pascal3D+. Second, we use the estimated pose as a prior to retrieve 3D models which accurately represent the geometry of objects in RGB images. For this purpose, we render depth images from 3D models under our predicted pose and match learned image descriptors of RGB images against those of rendered depth images using a CNN-based multi-view metric learning approach. In this way, we are the first to report quantitative results for 3D model retrieval on Pascal3D+, where our method chooses the same models as human annotators for 50% of the validation images on average. In addition, we show that our method, which was trained purely on Pascal3D+, retrieves rich and accurate 3D models from ShapeNet given RGB images of objects in the wild.
Methods and Protocols of Modern Solid‐Phase Peptide Synthesis (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Generalized Multi-carrier Chaotic Shift Keying (2014)

Chaotic shift-keying, perhaps better described as chaotic carrier shift keying (CSK), encodes information in the selection of a time-synchronized orthogonal spread spectrum signal and decodes that same information by comparing the output of parallel despreaders. The general performance of CSK waveforms lacks that of coherent single-carrier modulations due to each despreader generating an independent noise statistic and potential for inter-correlations between assumed orthogonal carriers. However, the multiple carriers can be employed to significantly increase the throughput capacity of the spread waveform, permitting novel modulations that also take advantage of other phase or amplitude manipulations, much like an OFDM system. This paper generalizes the analytical and simulation results for arbitrary multi-carrier CSK systems, as well as reports on measured hardware results of a lower-order hardware CSK implementation.
Universal robotic gripper based on the jamming of granular material (2010)

Gripping and holding of objects are key tasks for robotic manipulators. The development of universal grippers able to pick up unfamiliar objects of widely varying shape and surface properties remains, however, challenging. Most current designs are based on the multifingered hand, but this approach introduces hardware and software complexities. These include large numbers of controllable joints, the need for force sensing if objects are to be handled securely without crushing them, and the computational overhead to decide how much stress each finger should apply and where. Here we demonstrate a completely different approach to a universal gripper. Individual fingers are replaced by a single mass of granular material that, when pressed onto a target object, flows around it and conforms to its shape. Upon application of a vacuum the granular material contracts and hardens quickly to pinch and hold the object without requiring sensory feedback. We find that volume changes of less than 0.5% suffice to grip objects reliably and hold them with forces exceeding many times their weight. We show that the operating principle is the ability of granular materials to transition between an unjammed, deformable state and a jammed state with solid-like rigidity. We delineate three separate mechanisms, friction, suction, and interlocking, that contribute to the gripping force. Using a simple model we relate each of them to the mechanical strength of the jammed state. This advance opens up new possibilities for the design of simple, yet highly adaptive systems that excel at fast gripping of complex objects.
Prohevein is poorly processed but shows enhanced resistance to a chitin-binding fungus in transgenic tomato plants. (1995)

In latex of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis), prohevein, homologous to potato win gene-encoded proteins, is processed to yield mature hevein. This mature hevein is composed of one chitin-binding domain and the C-terminal polypeptide homologous to pathogenesis-related proteins such as tobacco PR-4 and tomato P2 proteins. In contrast, prohevein was poorly cleaved to form the C-terminal polypeptide in transgenic tomato plants expressing hevein gene (HEV1)-driven polypeptides. However, mature hevein, the N-terminal cleavage form, was not found in this system. Immunoblot analysis of extracellular and intracellular fluid proteins showed that HEV1-encoded polypeptides accumulated intracellularly. In addition, retardation of growth of Trichoderma hamatum was observed in transgenic tomatoes constitutively expressing HEV1-encoded proteins.
Toxoplasma Peritonitis in a Patient With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (1988)

Toxoplasma gondii was identified in a stained slide preparation of, and isolated from, peritoneal fluid specimens obtained from a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). At the time of admission to the hospital, the patient's serologic tests were positive for Toxoplasma. Toxoplasma was isolated from samples of the patient's blood by mouse inoculation. Findings of newly developed methods for diagnosis of the presence of T gondii in body fluids by assay for Toxoplasma-specific antigen and by use of a DNA probe were positive.
Technical aspects of robotic posterior mitral valve leaflet repair (2016)

Posterior mitral valve leaflet repair is safe, effective and durable and can be performed through conventional sternotomy or by using minimally invasive thoracoscopic or robotic-assisted approaches. Triangular resection with ventricularization, quadrangular resection with sliding or folding leaflet reconstruction, neochordae implantation and edge-to-edge leaflet repair are different techniques for eliminating the prolapsing mitral leaflet segment and restoring normal leaflet coaptation. Recent studies have demonstrated that minimally invasive approaches are associated with a reduced risk of postoperative complications, shorter hospital stay and improved cosmetic outcomes when compared to conventional sternotomy. In this review, we sought to describe technical aspects of robotic posterior mitral valve repair.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite Crystals in the Presence of Methanol (1995)

The effect of methanol on the morphology of hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystals has been studied under hydrothermal conditions. A precursor HAp slurry prepared from CaCO3 and CaHPO4⋅2H2O was synthesized hydrothermally in the presence of methanol. The products obtained from slurries containing varying amounts of methanol were found to be carbonate-containing HAp by X-ray diffraction and IR spectrometry. TEM showed that the morphology of the products was influenced by the amount of methanol added to the slurry. The products obtained from slurries without methanol were rod-like or granular crystals, about 20 to 100nm in size. Addition of methanol to the slurries caused an increase in the ratio of plate-like crystals to rod-like crystals or granular crystals. When the weight of methanol added was equal to the weight of the slurry, only plate-like crystals 20 to 200nm in size were obtained. X-ray diffraction patterns of oriented products indicated that the plane grown selectively was the a-plane of the plate-like crystals. The results by DTA suggested that the variation of the morphology can be attributed to the adsorption of methanol on the surface of the HAp nuclei inhibiting the crystal growth along a particular axis.