gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hard disk controller: the disk drive's brain and body (2002)

Integration of the hard disk controller (HDC) today has taken on an extensive amount of functionality. From the host interface, error correction code, disk sequencer, microprocessor(s), servo control logic, buffer controller, to the embedded memory, the HDC has become a true system on a chip. Depending on the product, embedded DRAM is used as buffering for data between the host and media and possibly for storing controller firmware. By bringing all these blocks into one chip, pin counts can be reduced and higher data flow speeds can be obtained by decreasing the interconnect delays. However, the challenge for designers is in test and verification of the design during development and production.
Advanced Optical Processing of Microwave Signals (2005)

The authors present a review on the recent approaches proposed to implement transversal RF filters. Different tunable transversal filters consisting of wavelength tunable optical taps and those employing the tunability of dispersive devices are presented showing their high-performance characteristics. A comprehensive review of the fundamentals and a discussion on the main limitation of these structures are also included.
Formation of ultra-shallow low-reverse current n<sup>+</sup>p junctions by 450&amp;deg;C furnace annealing (1990)

Experimental results are reported of the successful formation of ultra-shallow low-reverse-current junctions by arsenic implantation followed by furnace annealing at 450°C. The junction depth and the sheet resistance of the 450°C annealed junctions are 60 nm and 150 Ω/square, respectively. The reverse bias current at -5 V is 1.5×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-7</sup> A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , which is about three orders of magnitude smaller than previously reported data. These results were obtained by an ultraclean ion implantation technology in which wafer surface contamination during the ion implantation process has been largely eliminated
A review of recent measurements of optical and thermal properties of alpha-mercuric iodide (1991)

The knowledge of the physical properties of a crystal and their relation to the nature and content of defects are essential for both applications and fundamental reasons. Alpha-mercuric iodide ({alpha}-HgI{sub 2}) is a material which was found important applications as room temperature X-ray and gamma ray detectors. Some recent thermal and optical measurements of this material, using the samples of improved crystallinity which are now available, are reviewed below. Heretofore, these properties have received less attention than the mechanical and electrical properties, particularly at elevated temperatures. In the technology of {alpha}-HgI{sub 2} where there is a continuing motivation to obtain larger single crystals without compromising the material quality, a better knowledge of the thermal and optical properties may lead to improvements in the processes of material purification, crystal growth and device fabrication.
BEAM STEERING CONTROL SYSTEM FOR LOW-COST PHASED ARRAY WEATHER RADARS: DESIGN AND CALIBRATION TECHNIQUES (2020)

Phase array antennas are a promising technology for weather surveillance radars. Their fast beam steering capability offer the potential of improving weather observations and extending warning lead times. However, one major problem associated with this technology is their high acquisition cost to be use in networked radar systems. One promising technology that could have a significant impact in the deployment of future dense networks of short-range X-band weather radars is the ``Phase-Tilt Radar'', a system that uses a one-dimensional phase scanned antenna array mounted over a tilting mechanism. This dissertation addresses some of specific challenges that arise in designing and implementing air-cooled, low-cost, one-dimensional phased antenna arrays for phase-tilt radars. The goal of this work is to develop methods that can lead to reduce the cost and enhance the performance of this type of systems. Specifically, the thesis focuses on three concrete areas. The first one is on the development of a versatile low-cost beam steering system that can enable dual-polarimetric phased array radars to operate with high-frequency repetition pulses, difference pulsing schemes, and modern scanning strategies. In particular, the dissertation will present the development of critical components and describes the concept of operations of the beam steering system. The second area is to develop a calibration technique for small phased arrays. The work focused in finding the calibration settings for the array that best fit to the desired excitation. The technique provides lower random errors than conventional approaches, enabling the implementation of radiation patterns with sidelobes closer to the desired level. Additionally, the technique is extended to solve the gain-drift problem occurring in the two-way antenna pattern due to the temperature changes. The third area studies the use of mutual coupling as signal injection technique to maintain the calibration of both array and radar. Future air-cooled phased array radars will require the use internal circuitry to calibrate the aspect of the radar that tends to change over time. In particular, this work is focused on developing low-cost calibration techniques to correct the antenna gain and radar constant from effects of temperature changes and element failures.
Comparatorless electrooptic ADC (1980)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. Jamil Ahmed and L. Young, "Comparatorless electrooptic ADC," Appl. Opt. 19, 3050-3051 (1980) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
NMR methods for unravelling the spectra of complex mixtures (2010)

The main methods for the simplification of the NMR of complex mixtures by selective attenuation/suppression of the signals of certain components are presented. The application of relaxation, diffusion and PSR filters and other techniques to biological samples, pharmaceuticals, foods, living organisms and natural products are illustrated with examples.
A new control system for left ventricular assist devices based on patient-specific physiological demand (2012)

A left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is a mechanical pump that helps patients with a heart failure (HF) condition. This pump works in parallel to the ailing heart and provides a continuous flow from the weak left ventricle to the ascending aorta. The current supplied to the pump motor controls the flow of blood. A new feedback control system is developed to automatically adjust the pump motor current to provide the blood flow required by the level of activity of the patient. The systemic vascular resistance (RS) is the only undeterministic variable parameter in a patient-specific model and also a key value that expresses the level of activity of the patient. The rest of the parameters are constants for a patient-specific model. To determine the level of activity of the patient, an inverse problem approach is followed. The output data (pump flow) are observed and using an optimized search technique, the best model to describe such output is selected. Furthermore, the estimated RS is used in another patient-specific cardiovascular model that assumes a healthy heart, to determine the blood flow demand. Once the physiological demand is established, the current supplied to the pump motor of the LVAD can be adjusted to achieve the desired blood flow through the cardiovascular system. This process can be performed automatically in a real-time basis using information that is readily available and thus rendering a high degree of applicability. Results from simulated data show that the feedback control system is fast and very stable.
Crystal and molecular structure of trimeric bis(acetylacetonato)manganese(II) (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrystal and molecular structure of trimeric bis(acetylacetonato)manganese(II)Shuzo Shibata, Shigeki Onuma, and Hironao InoueCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1985, 24, 11, 1723–1725Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00205a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00205a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views271Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
ReveNAND (2018)

The paradigm shift from planar (two dimensional (2D)) to vertical (three-dimensional (3D)) models has placed the NAND flash technology on the verge of a design evolution that can handle the demands of next-generation storage applications. However, it also introduces challenges that may obstruct the realization of such 3D NAND flash. Specifically, we observed that the fast threshold drift (fast-drift) in a charge-trap flash-based 3D NAND cell can make it lose a critical fraction of the stored charge relatively soon after programming and generate errors. In this work, we first present an elastic read reference ( V Ref ) scheme (ERR) for reducing such errors in ReveNAND—our fast-drift aware 3D NAND design. To address the inherent limitation of the adaptive V Ref , we introduce a new intra-block page organization (hitch-hike) that can enable stronger error correction for the error-prone pages. In addition, we propose a novel reinforcement-learning-based smart data refill scheme (iRefill) to counter the impact of fast-drift with minimum performance and hardware overhead. Finally, we present the first analytic model to characterize fast-drift and evaluate its system-level impact. Our results show that, compared to conventional 3D NAND design, our ReveNAND can reduce fast-drift errors by 87%, on average, and can lower the ECC latency and energy overheads by 13× and 10×, respectively.
Molecular Umbrella-Assisted Transport of an Oligonucleotide across Cholesterol-Rich Phospholipid Bilayers (2005)

A series of molecular umbrella conjugates, derived from cholic acid, deoxycholic acid, spermidine, lysine, and 5-mercapto-2-nitrobenzoic acid, have been synthesized and found capable of transporting an attached 16-mer oligonucleotide (S-dT16) across liposomal membranes made from 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidyldglycerol (POPG), and cholesterol [POPC/POPG/cholesterol (65/5/30; mol/mol/mol, v/v/v)] at 37 degrees C. Those molecular umbrellas containing four choloyl (or deoxycholoyl) groups resulted in significantly faster rates of transport as compared to those containing only two such moieties. A model that accounts for these membrane transport processes is proposed.
Affective Personalization of a Social Robot Tutor for Children’s Second Language Skills (2016)

Though substantial research has been dedicated towards using technology to improve education, no current methods are as effective as one-on-one tutoring. A critical, though relatively understudied, aspect of effective tutoring is modulating the student's affective state throughout the tutoring session in order to maximize long-term learning gains. We developed an integrated experimental paradigm in which children play a second-language learning game on a tablet, in collaboration with a fully autonomous social robotic learning companion. As part of the system, we measured children's valence and engagement via an automatic facial expression analysis system. These signals were combined into a reward signal that fed into the robot's affective reinforcement learning algorithm. Over several sessions, the robot played the game and personalized its motivational strategies (using verbal and non-verbal actions) to each student. We evaluated this system with 34 children in preschool classrooms for a duration of two months. We saw that (1) children learned new words from the repeated tutoring sessions, (2) the affective policy personalized to students over the duration of the study, and (3) students who interacted with a robot that personalized its affective feedback strategy showed a significant increase in valence, as compared to students who interacted with a non-personalizing robot. This integrated system of tablet-based educational content, affective sensing, affective policy learning, and an autonomous social robot holds great promise for a more comprehensive approach to personalized tutoring.
Secondary bile acid-induced dysbiosis promotes intestinal carcinogenesis (2017)

The gut microbiota plays an important role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Dysbiosis is associated with intestinal tumorigenesis. Deoxycholic acid (DCA), a secondary bile acid increased by a western diet, correlates with intestinal carcinogenesis. However, evidence relating bile acids, intestinal microbiota and tumorigenesis are limited. In our study, we investigated the effect of DCA on induction of intestinal dysbiosis and its roles in intestinal carcinogenesis. Alteration of the composition of the intestinal microbiota was induced in DCA-treated APC<sup>min/+</sup> mice, which was accompanied by impaired intestinal barrier, gut low grade inflammation and tumor progression. The transfer of fecal microbiota from DCA-treated mice to another group of Apc<sup>min/+</sup> mice increased tumor multiplicity, induced inflammation and recruited M2 phenotype tumor-associated macrophages. Importantly, the fecal microbiota transplantation activated the tumor-associated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Moreover, microbiota depletion by a cocktail of antibiotics was sufficient to block DCA-induced intestinal carcinogenesis, further suggesting the role of dysbiosis in tumor development. Our study demonstrated that alteration of the microbial community induced by DCA promoted intestinal carcinogenesis.
Atmospheric Boundary Layer Sensors for Application in a Wake Vortex Advisory System (2003)

Remote sensing of the atmospheric boundary layer has advanced in recent years with the development of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) radar, sodar, and lidar wind profiling technology. Radio acoustic sounding systems for vertical temperature profiles of high temporal scales (when compared to routine balloon soundings- (radiosondes) have also become increasingly available as COTS capabilities. Aircraft observations during landing and departures are another source of available boundary layer data. This report provides an updated assessment of available sensors, their performance specifications and rough order of magnitude costs for a potential future aircraft Wake Vortex Avoidance System (WakeVAS). Future capabilities are also discussed. Vertical profiles of wind, temperature, and turbulence are anticipated to be needed at airports in any dynamic wake avoidance system. Temporal and spatial resolution are dependent on the selection of approach and departure corridors to be protected. Recommendations are made for potential configurations of near-term sensor technologies and for testing some of the sensor systems in order to validate performance in field environments with adequate groundtruth.
The perception of suprathreshold contrast and fast adaptive filtering (2007)

We examine how the perceived contrast of dynamic noise images depends upon temporal frequency (TF) and mean luminance. A novel stepwise suprathreshold matching paradigm shows that both threshold and suprathreshold contrast sensitivity functions may be described by an inverted-U shape as a function of TF. The shape and the peak TF of the tuning function vary with the conditions under which it is measured. Spatiotemporal vision is weakly band-pass at low luminance levels (0.8 cd/m(2)) but becomes more strongly band-pass at high luminances (40-400 cd/m(2)). The peak temporal frequencies of the band-pass functions increase with the mean luminance and contrast of the test signals. As a function of increasing image contrast, our results demonstrate that the visual system broadens the spatiotemporal bandwidth of its signal detection mechanisms, especially at high mean luminances. Our results are shown to be consistent with an adaptable signal transmission system in which early luminance-dependent gain control mechanisms, in combination with on-line estimates of contrast via the autocorrelation function lead to an adaptive enhancement of spatiotemporal vision at high temporal frequencies.
AutoSys: The Design and Operation of Learning-Augmented Systems. (2020)

Although machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) provide new possibilities into optimizing system design and performance, taking advantage of this paradigm shift requires more than implementing existing ML/DL algorithms. This paper reports our years of experience in designing and operating several production learning-augmented systems at Microsoft. AutoSys is a framework that unifies the development process, and it addresses common design considerations including ad-hoc and nondeterministic jobs, learning-induced system failures, and programming extensibility. Furthermore, this paper demonstrates the benefits of adopting AutoSys with measurements from one production system, Web Search. Finally, we share long-term lessons stemmed from unforeseen implications that have surfaced over the years of operating learning-augmented systems.
Fault monitoring and correction in a walking robot using LMS filters (2008)

In this paper we show how the design of robust robotic systems can profit from the emerging research field of organic computing by bringing together adaptive systems theory, controller design, and fault tolerance. In particular, we have evaluated in a case study of a hexapod walking robot the use of linear adaptive filters for the detection and correction of faults. Our analysis shows that linear filters can be applied for monitoring the system state and a simple threshold approach utilizing the weights of the adaptive filter can be exploited for fault detection. This even holds in the case of using additional adaptive filters for direct fault compensation in the controller loop. We present the case study and our experimental results which have been derived in a Matlab simulation.
The Cytokine Portion of p43 Occupies a Central Position within the Eukaryotic Multisynthetase Complex (2000)

Multicellular eukaryotes contain a macromolecular assembly of nine aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activities and three auxiliary proteins. One of these, p43, is the precursor of endothelial monocyte-activating polypeptide II (EMAP II), an inflammatory cytokine involved in apoptotic processes. As a step toward understanding this paradoxical association, the EMAP II portion of p43 has been localized within the rabbit reticulocyte multisynthetase complex. Immunoblot analysis demonstrates strong reaction of anti-EMAP II antiserum with p43, as well as cross-reactivity with isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase. Electron microscopic images of immunocomplexes show two antibody binding sites. The primary site is near the midpoint of the multisynthetase complex at the intersection of the arms with the base. This site near the lower edge of the central cleft is assigned to the C-terminal cytokine portion of p43. The secondary site of antibody binding is in the base of the particle and maps the location of isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase. These data allow refinement of the three-domain model of polypeptide distribution within the multisynthetase complex. Moreover, the central location of p43/EMAP II suggests a role for this polypeptide in optimizing normal function and in rapid disruption of essential cellular machinery when apoptosis is signaled.
Interplay between electron correlations and polar displacements in metallic<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>SrEuMo</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>6</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2016)

Using density functional theory and dynamical mean-field theory, we study the electronic properties of the proposed candidate polar metal ${\mathrm{SrEuMo}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{6}$. Its electronic structure shares similarities with centrosymmetric ${\mathrm{SrMoO}}_{3}$ and ${\mathrm{EuMoO}}_{3}$, from which it may be considered an ordered derivative, but polar displacements of the divalent cations and oxide anions lift inversion symmetry mediated by an anharmonic lattice interaction in the metallic state. We find that Hund's coupling promotes the effects of electronic correlations owing to the ${\mathrm{Mo}}^{4+} {d}^{2}$ electronic configuration, producing a correlated metallic phase far from the Mott state. The contraindication between metallicity and polar distortions is thereby alleviated in part through the renormalized quasiparticles, which are unable to fully screen the ordered local dipoles.
Adaptive power saving mechanism considering the request period of each initiation of awakening in the IEEE 802.16e system (2008)

Performance of the IEEE 802.16 e power management is mainly affected by two operating parameters: the minimum sleep interval ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">min</sub> ) and the maximum sleep interval ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> ), in sleep-mode operation. To enhance the performance, this letter proposes a new power saving mechanism, which adaptively controls these parameters by considering the request period of each initiation of awakening ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Tint</i> )- The numerical analysis and simulation results show that this mechanism can achieve better energy conservation with reasonable response delay of Medium Access Control (MAC) Service Data Units (SDUs) than the standard operation.
Linking programs incrementally (1991)

Linking is traditionally a batch process that resolves cross-references between object modules and run-time libraries to produce a stand-alone executable image. Because most program changes only involve a small part of the program, we have implemented an incremental linker, named Inclink, that processes only the changed modules. Inclink generates a new executable in time proportional to the size of change; in contrast, a batch linker generates an executable in time proporitonal to the size of the program. To minimize updates to the executable, Inclink allocates extra space for every module. By allocating 24 percent more space in the executable for overflows, Inclink can update a module in place over 97 percent of the time. Measurements show that Inclink is more than an order of magnitude faster than the UNIX [2] batch linker and that 88 percent of all links will take less than 2 s of CPU time on a MicroVAX-2, independent of program size.