gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Novel Text Analysis Platform for Pharmacovigilance of Clinical Drugs (2014)

Analyzing possible drug safety incidents and generating narratives in pharmacovigilance process have traditionally relied upon manual review of case reports from patients, consumers and healthcare professionals. However, due to the vast quantity and complexity of data to be analyzed and for ensuring timeliness, reduction of cost, consistency of reporting and quality of reporting; role of automated computational systems that can accurately detect adverse drug reactions attached to a suspected drug in a timely fashion have become critical. Pharmaceutical companies have started to realize the need for collaborative and integrative approaches and strategies to allow a faster identification of high-risk interactions between marketed drugs and adverse events, and to enable the automated uncovering of scientific evidence behind them. The fundamental requirement for the automatic processing of biomedical text is the identification of information carrying units such as the concepts or named entities. Additionally, there are regulatory guidance or rules with respect to identifiability of reporters, patients, drugs and interactions in the reports of suspected adverse reactions. Owing to these challenges, the problems of automated unambiguous identification of medical drugs and compounds, detection of adverse drug reactions, and generation of case narratives from the text of the reports are not considered to be adequately solved so far. In this paper, we present a novel text analysis platform that assists in bringing intelligent automation in the process by integrating a medical language processing pipeline and causal reasoning chain, with publicly available large-scale biomedical databases containing structure, bioassay, and genomic information, as well as comprehensive clinical data sets.
PLZT reflective displays (1983)

Abstract The practical application of PLZT electrooptic ceramic materials to non-memory, segmented displays is reported. Appearance, configuration and operational characteristics are described and compared with LCD (liquid crystal) displays. Significant features include wide viewing angle, wide operating temperature range, high speed and color capability. Advantages and disadvantages are discussed.
Collagen-Based Fillers as Alternatives to Cyanoacrylate Glue for the Sealing of Large Corneal Perforations (2017)

An ab interno patch system using CLP-PEG hydrogels designed to promote corneal tissue regeneration may be a viable alternative to conventional cyanoacrylate glue patching for the treatment of corneal perforation. Further experimentation and material refinement is required in advance of clinical trials.
Detecting VXLAN Segment Failure (2013)

This proposal describes a mechanism that can be used to detect Data
Path Failures and sanity of VXLAN Control and Data Plane for a given
VXLAN Segment. This document defines the following: o Information
carried in a VXLAN Request, and o Reply for the purposes
of fault detection and isolation, and mechanisms for reliably sending
the Echo Request and reply.
Nucleotide Sequence of a New Member of the Freezing Tolerance-Associated Protein Family in Wheat (1994)

Exposure to low temperature induces and modulates the synthesis of specific proteins (Guy, 1990). We have previously identified a protein family specifically regulated by low temperature in wheat. Northem and westem analyses revealed that this family is composed of at least four members (Houde et al., 1992b). Characterization of the cDNA encoding the 50-kD member, Wcsl20 (Houde et al., 1992a), showed the presence of two repeated domains that were also found in dehydrins and in late embryogenesis abundant and ABAinduced protein families (Dure, 1993). A second member of this family, Wcs200, corresponding to a protein of 200 kD, has been cloned, and Southem analysis along with protein microsequencing indicated that WCS200 contains the same repeats as WCSl20 (Ouellet et al., 1993). In this report, we describe the isolation and characterization of a third member of this family (Table I). The clone encodes a protein of 66 kD that cross-reacts with the anti-WCSlZO antibody. The calculated molecular mass of the polypeptide is 46,797 D with an isoelectric point of 7.28. As is WCS120, the predicted protein is rich in Gly (26.7%), His (10.5%), and Thr (17.1%). DNA sequence comparison between Wcsl20 and Wcs66 revealed that the coding portions of these transcripts were highly homologous, with an identity of 94%, when an ‘insertion” of 234 bases is excluded (from position 406). This insertion contains one additional repeat A (GEKKGVMENIKEKLPGGHGDHQQ) and three additional repeat B (TGGTYGQQGHTGTT). Thus, the WCS66 protein possesses 7 copies of repeat A and 14 copies of repeat B. This high homology suggests that those proteins play similar roles during cold acclimation. It is likely that some of the genes from this family have been duplicated from a common ancestral gene. This gene duplication may help to allow a faster accumulation of proteins to protect cells against lowtemperature stress. Expression of these genes in the sense
Blockade of EphA4 signaling ameliorates hippocampal synaptic dysfunctions in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease (2014)

Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by cognitive decline, has emerged as a disease of synaptic failure. The present study reveals an unanticipated role of erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular A4 (EphA4) in mediating hippocampal synaptic dysfunctions in AD and demonstrates that blockade of the ligand-binding domain of EphA4 reverses synaptic impairment in AD mouse models. Enhanced EphA4 signaling was observed in the hippocampus of amyloid precursor protein (APP)/presenilin 1 (PS1) transgenic mouse model of AD, whereas soluble amyloid-β oligomers (Aβ), which contribute to synaptic loss in AD, induced EphA4 activation in rat hippocampal slices. EphA4 depletion in the CA1 region or interference with EphA4 function reversed the suppression of hippocampal long-term potentiation in APP/PS1 transgenic mice, suggesting that the postsynaptic EphA4 is responsible for mediating synaptic plasticity impairment in AD. Importantly, we identified a small-molecule rhynchophylline as a novel EphA4 inhibitor based on molecular docking studies. Rhynchophylline effectively blocked the EphA4-dependent signaling in hippocampal neurons, and oral administration of rhynchophylline reduced the EphA4 activity effectively in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 transgenic mice. More importantly, rhynchophylline administration restored the impaired long-term potentiation in transgenic mouse models of AD. These findings reveal a previously unidentified role of EphA4 in mediating AD-associated synaptic dysfunctions, suggesting that it is a new therapeutic target for this disease.
The Use of Fungi to Prevent Aflatoxin Contamination of Cottonseed in the Yuma Valley (1995)

A strain of Aspergillus flavus that does not produce aflatoxins was applied to soils planted with cotton at the Yuma Valley Agricultural Center in order to assess strain ability to competitively exclude aflatoxin producing strains during cotton boll infection and thereby prevent aflatoxin contamination of cottonseed. In both 1989 and 1990, the atoxigenic strain displaced other infecting strains during cotton boll development. Displacement was associated with significant reductions (75% to 82% in 1989, and 99% in 1990) in the quantity of aflatoxins contaminating the crop at maturity. Although frequency of infected locules differed between years, in both years displacement occurred without increases in the amount of developing boll infection. Currently, an Experimental Use Permit is being sought from the EPA for tests on commercial acreage
Cellobiose Dehydrogenase from the Ligninolytic Basidiomycete <i>Ceriporiopsis subvermispora</i> (2009)

Cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH), an extracellular flavocytochrome produced by several wood-degrading fungi, was detected in cultures of the selective delignifier Ceriporiopsis subvermispora when grown on a cellulose- and yeast extract-based liquid medium. CDH amounted to up to 2.5% of total extracellular protein during latter phases of the cultivation and thus suggested an important function for the fungus under the given conditions. The enzyme was purified 44-fold to apparent homogeneity. It was found to be present in two glycoforms of 98 kDa and 87 kDa with carbohydrate contents of 16 and 4%, respectively. The isoelectric point of both glycoforms is around 3.0, differing by 0.1 units, which is the most acidic value so far reported for a CDH. By using degenerated primers of known CDH sequences, one cdh gene was found in the genomic DNA, cloned, and sequenced. Alignment of the 774-amino-acid protein sequence revealed a high similarity to CDH from other white rot fungi. One notable difference was found in the longer interdomain peptide linker, which might affect the interdomain electron transfer at higher temperatures. The preferred substrate of C. subvermispora CDH is cellobiose, while glucose conversion is strongly discriminated by a 155,000-fold-lower catalytic efficiency. This is a typical feature of a basidiomycete CDH, as are the acidic pH optima for all tested electron acceptors in the range from 2.5 to 4.5.
Maximizing MIMO Capacity in Sparse Multipath With Reconfigurable Antenna Arrays (2007)

Emerging advances in reconfigurable radio-frequency (RF) front-ends and antenna arrays are enabling new physical modes for accessing the radio spectrum that extend and complement the notion of waveform diversity in wireless communication systems. However, theory and methods for exploiting the potential of reconfigurable RF front-ends are not fully developed. In this paper, we study the impact of reconfigurable antenna arrays on maximizing the capacity of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) wireless communication links in sparse multipath environments. There is growing experimental evidence that physical wireless channels exhibit a sparse multipath structure, even at relatively low antenna dimensions. We propose a model for sparse multipath channels and show that sparse channels afford a new dimension over which capacity can be optimized: the distribution or configuration of the sparse statistically independent degrees of freedom (DoF) in the available spatial signal space dimensions. Our results show that the configuration of the sparse DoF has a profound impact on capacity and also characterize the optimal capacity-maximizing channel configuration at any operating SNR. We then develop a framework for realizing the optimal channel configuration at any SNR by systematically adapting the antenna spacings at the transmitter and the receiver to the level of sparsity in the physical multipath environment. Surprisingly, three canonical array configurations are sufficient for near-optimum performance over the entire SNR range. In a sparse scattering environment with randomly distributed paths, the capacity gain due to the optimal configuration is directly proportional to the number of antennas. Numerical results based on a realistic physical model are presented to illustrate the implications of our framework
Distributed discriminative language models for Google voice-search (2012)

This paper considers large-scale linear discriminative language models trained using a distributed perceptron algorithm. The algorithm is implemented efficiently using a MapReduce/SSTable framework. This work also introduces the use of large amounts of unsupervised data (confidence filtered Google voice-search logs) in conjunction with a novel training procedure that regenerates word lattices for the given data with a weaker acoustic model than the one used to generate the unsupervised transcriptions for the logged data. We observe small but statistically significant improvements in recognition performance after reranking N-best lists of a standard Google voice-search data set.
A Practical Quantum Mechanism for the Public Goods Game (2003)

Quantum generalizations of conventional games broaden the range of available strategies, which can help improve outcomes for the participants. With many players, such quantum games can involve entanglement among many states which is difficult to implement, especially if the states must be communicated over some distance. This paper describes a quantum mechanism for the economically significant $n$-player public goods game that requires only two-particle entanglement and is thus much easier to implement than more general quantum mechanisms. In spite of the large temptation to free ride on the efforts of others in this game, two-particle entanglement is sufficient to give near optimal expected payoff when players use a simple mixed strategy for which no player can benefit by making different choices. This mechanism can also address some heterogeneous preferences among the players.
Apodization of Spurs in Radar Receivers Using Multi-Channel Processing (2014)

Spurious energy in received radar data is a consequence of nonideal component and circuit behavior. This might be due to I/Q imbalance, nonlinear component behavior, additive interference (e.g. cross-talk, etc.), or other sources. The manifestation of the spurious energy in a range-Doppler map or image can be influenced by appropriate pulse-to-pulse phase modulation. Comparing multiple images having been processed with the same data but different signal paths and modulations allows identifying undesired spurs and then cropping or apodizing them.
Prevention of Restenosis by External Beam Ionizing Irradiation (1999)

Intravascular brachytherapy with gamma sources has been proved to prevent in‐stent restenosis in recent clinical trials. Beta sources are also being investigated. The intravascular use of radioactive sources has raised theoretical and logistic problems and renewed the interest in teletherapy for the treatment and prevention of restenosis. We review the literature published on the use of teletherapy in animal models and compare it to brachytherapy from biological and logistic points of view. Developing technologies for stereotactic radiotreatment of moving targets may offer new solutions and are being studied.
Novel Wet Process Silica Prepared from Alkyl Silicates. Part III: Use in Silicone Elastomers for Optical Applications (1985)

Abstract The first two papers of this three-part series of papers dealing with a novel wet-process hydrophobic (WPH) silica technology covered the silica synthesis (Part I) and reinforcement performance (Part II) respectively. The WPH silica was highly reinforcing and provided optically clear compositions as well. The first optically clear, high consistency silicone elastomer was developed in the midnineteen fifties by Polmanteer et al. , using different technology from that described in this paper. Optical clarity was accomplished in the earlier work by matching the refractive indices of the filler and polymer at 25°C, making them isorefractive at this specific temperature. This paper will discuss the unique features of this new silica technology as it relates to optically clear silicone elastomers. The term, optically clear, in the context of this paper refers to an elastomeric material, 2.54 mm in thickness, that exhibits less than 4% haze, and more than 85% transmission. It will be shown that, when using the older technology based on isorefractive compositions, optical clarity is reduced with temperature change from the isorefractive temperature, due primarily to an increase in haze. The new silica technology eliminates this problem and effectively broadens the application temperatures for optically clear, thermally stable silicone elastomers.
Optimization of the incident wavelength in Mueller Matrix imaging of cervical collagen (2018)

Mueller matrix polarimetry (MMP) can be utilized to determine optical anisotropy in birefringent materials. Many factors must be optimized to improve the quality of information collected from MMP of biological samples. As part of a study of pre-term birth (PTB) that relied on measurement of the orientation and distribution of collagen in the cervix, an optimal wavelength for MMp to allow more accurate characterization of collagen in cervical tissue was sought. To this end, we developed a multispectral Mueller matrix polarimeter and conducted experiments on ex-vivo porcine cervix samples preserved in paraffin. The Mueller matrices obtained with this system were decomposed to generate orientation and retardation images. Initial findings indicate that wavelengths below 560 nm offer a more accurate characterization of collagen anisotropy in the porcine cervix.
Registration of ‘CL151’ Rice (2011)

‘CL151’ (Reg. No. CV‐133, PI 654463), a Clearfield (BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany) long‐grain rice ( Oryza sativa L.) cultivar, was developed by the Louisiana State University Agricultural Center at the Rice Research Station near Crowley, LA, and approved for release by the director of the Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station in 2008. The population from which CL151 was derived began as a single cross of CFX‐26/RU9702128 (‘Lemont’/20001–5/3/Lemont//‘L‐202’/‘TDCN’) that was made in 2000 at the Rice Research Station. CFX‐26, which contains the gene for resistance to imazethapyr and can be used with the Clearfield rice production system, was derived via mutation breeding of the variety ‘Cypress.’ CL151 originated in 2003 as an F 2:3 line selected based on agronomic characteristics. Testing in the Clearfield preliminary yield trials in 2004 indicated high yield potential and favorable agronomic characteristics. In 2005 and 2006, CL151 was tested in 41 statewide yield performance trials, along with two high‐yielding, Clearfield check cultivars, ‘CL131’ and ‘CL161.’ Rice‐grain yield of CL151 was 8.3 Mg ha −1 compared with 7.5 and 7.6 Mg ha −1 for CL131 and CL161, respectively. CL151 has higher seedling vigor than CL131 or CL161. Plant height for CL151 was 94 cm compared with 84 and 99 cm for CL131 and CL161, respectively. Both CL151 and CL131 reached 50% heading in 81 d, and CL161 reached 50% heading in 84 d. CL151 has a semierect flag leaf, and the leaves are dark green and display an intermediate leaf angle. The lemma and palea are straw‐colored and glabrous, and the apiculus is colorless as the grain approaches harvest maturity.
Surfactant-free emulsion polymerization of vinylidene fluoride mediated by RAFT/MADIX reactive poly(ethylene glycol) polymer chains (2021)

Vinylidene fluoride (VDF) emulsion polymerization is conducted in the presence of xanthate-end functionalized poly(ethylene glycol)s leading to stable PVDF latexes.
Effect of Substrate Orientation on Interfacial and Bulk Character of Chemically Vapor Deposited Monocrystalline Silicon Carbide Thin Films (1990)

The high breakdown electric field, saturated electron drift velocity, and melting (decomposition) point of SiC have given continual impetus to research concerned with the development of thin films having minimum concentrations of line and planar defects and electronic devices for severe environments. To this end, epitaxial growth via chemical vapor deposition of monocrystalline films of β‐SiC on Si (100) and 6 H ‐SiC {0001} substrates and 6 H ‐SiC on vicinal 6 H ‐SiC {0001} substrates have been conducted. High concentrations of stacking faults, microtwins, and inversion domain boundaries were produced in films grown directly on Si (100) as a result of a lattice parameter difference of ∼ 20% and the presence of single (or odd number) atomic steps on the substrate surface. Growth on Si (100) oriented 3° to 4° toward [011] completely eliminated the IDBs (but not the other defects) due to the preferential formation of double steps with dimerization axes on the upper terraces parallel to the step edges. Growth of β‐SiC films on 6 H {0001} lowered the density of all defects but resulted in the formation of a new defect, namely, double positioning boundaries. The latter were eliminated by using 6 H {0001} oriented 3° toward [1120]. The defect density in these last films, relative to those grown on on‐axis Si (100), was reduced substantially (to ∼10 5 cm/cm 3 ). However, the resulting film was 6 H ‐SiC. Significant improvements in electrical properties of simple devices were obtained as the defect density was progressively decreased.
An overlay based QoS-aware voice-over-IP conferencing system (2005)

Ubiquitous IP telephony has become a feasible Internet service, and it is expected to meet the quality standards of traditional telephone services. The work presents a distributed voice-over-IP (VoIP) conferencing system called Venus that is implemented as a composable application-level service overlay network. Compared to the traditional centralized approach, Venus achieves better scalability and resource utilization by efficiently aggregating resources across distributed voice mixers. Moreover, Venus provides multi-constrained quality-of-service (QoS) provisioning by establishing each conferencing session based on multiple QoS constraints (e.g., delay, loss rate) and resource requirements (e.g., bandwidth, audio channels). Venus provides a failure resilient VoIP conferencing service by leveraging the fast failure recovery capability of the application-level service overlay network. Large-scale simulation results illustrate the efficiency of the Venus system.
Modulation of Optical Properties of New Photosensitive Polymers: 3-D Optical Data Storage Media (2004)

We report the modulation of absorption and emission properties via single and two-photon photoinduced changes in polymeric media with two-photon fluorescence readout of multilayer structures. Photoinduced acid generation in the presence of a two-photon fluorescent dye possessing strongly basic functional groups underwent protonation upon exposure with UV or near-IR (740 nm fs pulses) irradiation. Solution studies demonstrate formation of monoprotonated and diprotonated species upon irradiation, each resulting in distinctly different absorption and fluorescence properties. Hence, two-channel, two-photon fluorescence imaging provides "positive" or "negative" image readout capability. Further, a poly-styrene-co-malaic anhydride copolymer containing a two-photon absorbing fluorophore was used to demonstrate near-IR two-photon based image formation, followed by two-photon based image readout. Results of solution and solid polymer thin films experiments are presented.
Lane Departure Prevention Based on Direct Yaw-Moment Control (2008)

This paper proposes a lane departure prevention system, that generates yaw moment in an event of detecting lane departure, to assist the driver to maneuver the vehicle back to the original traveling lane. The system aims to contribute in reducing road accidents, which over 40% is estimated to be caused by lane departures according to a survey. The system utilizes a CMOS camera to recognize lane departures, and yaw-moment is applied by direct yaw-moment control. The overall system is described together with results of experiments showing the effectiveness of the support.