gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prone Crawl Breast Couch: analysis of the translational development of a patient support device for breast cancer radiotherapy (2021)

Currently available prone support devices for breast cancer radiotherapy show different limitations, such as inconsistent patient positioning, patient discomfort and limited beam accessibility. Furthermore, medical devices tend to be developed with a top-down waterfall approach. For devices with complex use scenarios, this may impact efficacy. Therefore, we developed a patient support device with a Research through Design approach, supported by a co-design trajectory with different stakeholders. In this deductive case study, we analyze our development approach. We reflect on the NIH’s T-phases of translational research and the Stanford BioDesign Process. We conclude that the user-centred and iterative aspects of our approach were beneficial to the regulatory process and the quality of the product. Furthermore, cooperating with a university hospital enhanced the regulatory process by its access to clinical data. The outcomes of this interdisciplinary research may be beneficial to other types of cancer such as lung cancer.
X-RAY MICROSCOPY (1997)

Owing to the short wavelengths of X-radiation X-ray microscopes allow higher resolution than optical microscopes. In contrast to electron microscopes, X-radiation can be used to study relatively thick aqueous specimens in their natural environment. X-ray microscopes require intense X-radiation, which is best provided by electron storage rings, as well as efficient X-ray optics. X-ray microscopes with zone plate optics are installed at the storage ring BESSY in Berlin for studies in the fields of biology, medicine, biophysics, colloid chemistry, and soil sciences.
Highly Creep‐Resistant Silicon Nitride/Silicon Carbide Nano–Nano Composites (2005)

A high creep resistance at specified temperature and compressive stress was obtained in this investigation in the silicon nitride/silicon carbide composite with a nano–nano structure (nanosized SiC and Si 3 N 4 in dual‐phase mixture) by a novel synthesis method. Starting from an amorphous Si–C–N powder derived from pyrolysis of a liquid polymer precursor, nanocomposites with varied grain size were achieved. With yttria additive amount decreasing from 8 to 1 wt% and eventually to zero, the structure underwent a transition from micro‐nano (nano‐sized SiC included in sub‐micron Si 3 N 4 ) to nano–nano type. Nanocrystalline silicon nitride/silicon carbide ceramic composite with 30–50 nm grain size was synthesized without using sintering additive.
Graph cutting algorithms for distributed applications partitioning (2001)

The problem of optimally allocating the components of a distributed program over several machines can be shown to reduce to a multi-terminal graph cutting problem. In case of three of more terminals, this problem has been shown to be NP-hard. This paper introduces a number of heuristic graph algorithms for use in partitioning distributed object applications --- that is, for deciding which objects should be placed on which machines in order to minimize communication and achieve best overall performance of the application. These heuristics are particularly effective for graphs with characteristics specific to representative distributed object applications.
A steerable and variable first-order differential microphone array (2002)

A new first-order differential microphone array with an infinitely steerable and variable beampattern is described. The microphone consists of 6 small pressure microphones flush-mounted on the surface of a 3/4" diameter rigid nylon sphere. The microphones are located on the surface at points where included octahedron vertices contact the spherical surface. By appropriately combining the three Cartesian orthogonal pairs with simple scalar weightings, a general first-order differential microphone beam (or beams) can be realized and directed to any angle in 4/spl pi/ steradian space. A working real-time version has been created and measured results from this microphone are shown. This microphone should be useful for surround sound recording/playback applications and to virtual reality audio applications.
ColoSTEM Dx Kit: Innovative Alliance of Cancer Stem Cells and Glycosylation for Earlier Prediction of Colon Cancer Aggressiveness and Prognosis (2021)

Nowadays, colon cancer prognosis still difficult to predict, especially in the early stages. Recurrences remain elevated, even in the early stages after curative surgery. Carcidiag Biotechnologies has developed an immunohistochemistry (IHC) kit called ColoSTEM Dx, based on a MIX of biotinylated plant lectins that specifically detects colon cancer stem cells (CSCs) through glycan patterns that they specifically (over)express. A retrospective clinical study was carried out on tumor tissues from 208 non-treated and 21 treated patients with colon cancer, that were stained by IHC with the MIX. Clinical performances of the kit were determined, and prognostic and predictive values were evaluated. With 78.3% and 70.6% of diagnostic sensitivity and specificity respectively, our kit shows great clinical performances. Moreover, patient prognosis is significantly poorer when the MIX staining is &ldquo;High&rdquo; compared to &ldquo;Low&rdquo;, especially at 5-years of overall survival and for early stages. The ColoSTEM Dx kit allows an earlier and a more precise determination of patients&rsquo; outcome. Thus, it affords an innovating clinical tool for predicting tumor aggressiveness earlier and determining prognosis value regarding therapeutic response in colon cancer patients.
Method to quantitate absorption coefficients from single fiber reflectance spectra without knowledge of the scattering properties (2011)

This study presents a methodology to accurately extract the absorption coefficient from single fiber reflectance spectra measured in turbid media without a priori knowledge of either the reduced scattering coefficient or the phase function. This novel approach accounts for the interrelated effects these properties have on the photon path length, yielding estimates of an absorption coefficient on average within <7.5% of true values over a wide range of biologically relevant optical properties.
Cell Library Characterization at Low Voltage Using Non-linear Operating Point Analysis of Local Variations (2011)

When CMOS is operated at a supply voltage of 0.5V and below, Random Dopant Fluctuations (RDFs) result in a stochastic component of logic delay that can be comparable to the nominal delay. Moreover, the Probability Density Function (PDF) of this stochastic delay can be highly non-Gaussian. The Non-Linear, Operating Point Analysis of Local Variations (NLOPALV) technique has been shown to be accurate and computationally efficient in simulating any point on the delay PDF of a logic Timing Path (TP). This paper applies the NLOPALV approach to characterizing the stochastic delay of logic cells. NLOPALV theory is presented, and NLOPALV is used to characterize a cell library designed in 28 nm CMOS. NLOPALV is accurate to within 5% compared to SPICE-based Monte Carlo analysis.
A New Islanding Detection Solution Based on Accumulated Phase Angle Drift - Withdrawn (2018)

A New Islanding Detection Solution Based on Accumulated Phase Angle Drift - Withdrawn on 3/09/2018
A discrete aperiodic active lens for multibeam satellite applications (2010)

In the paper one aperiodic constrained active lens generating a multiple spot contiguous beams coverage is proposed. The antenna is optimized in terms of number of radiators, dimensions, weight, and power amplifiers efficiency. The antenna represents an interesting architecture based on a single aperture able to replace conventional antennas based on multi reflector dishes onboard geo or non-geo stationary satellites. Experimental results recently achieved are presented.
11.2: High Contrast, Wide‐Viewing Angle LCD Light Filter (2005)

Abstract The paper presents a novel concept of a wide viewing angle LCD light filter, making advantage of the symmetric, highly‐twisted complementary dual LC‐cell configuration. The resulting overall symmetry allows for very high, continuously variable optical attenuation as well as efficient angular compensation using just simple, cheap negative‐birefringent c‐plate retarders.
Isolation of a Germline-Transmissible Embryonic Stem (ES) Cell Line from C3H/He Mice (1996)

We have isolated three embryonic stem (ES) cell lines from C3H/He mice using mouse STO cells as a feeder layer. One ES cell line (H-1) was male, and two (H-2 and H-3) were female, as determined by polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization, and karyotype analyses. All were immunocytochemically reactive with a C3H strain-specific antibody. Injection of cells from the female ES H-3 line into C57BL/6 blastocysts yielded four chimeras with slight coat color chimerism. All chimeras were male, and as expected, no germline-transmission was observed. By contrast, when male ES H-1 cells were injected into the perivitelline space of 8-cell C57BL/6 embryos, one male mouse with overt coat color chimerism was recovered, and it produced ES H-1-derived offspring exclusively. This germline-transmissible C3H/He cell line represents a novel addition to those ES lines currently employed for gene manipulation studies of development.
WiLink: Link Selection-Based 3D Human Pose Estimation Using Commodity Wi-Fi (2023)

Previous works have verified the feasibility of WiFi-based human pose estimation (HPE). However, their crucial limitations lie in requiring favorable placement of Wi-Fi devices and only sensing human poses in a small area. To address these issues, we propose WiLink, a Wi-Fi-based 3D HPE system that selectively uses several existing Wi-Fi links to achieve accurate HPE everywhere indoors. We find that the Channel State Information (CSI) fluctuations caused by human pose changes over different Wi-Fi links are various. According to the effectiveness of Wi-Fi links for human pose sensing, we classify the links as Noise-Dominated Links, Most-Effective Links and Redundant Links. Then we propose a Dynamic Link Selection (DLS) mechanism to adaptively select Most-Effective Links for HPE. This process maximizes the importance and minimizes the redundancy of the selected links. Finally, we feed the CSI samples corresponding to Most-Effective Links into a neural network to estimate human poses. Intensive experiments are conducted, and the results show that WiLink achieves a good performance in the scenario with multiple available Wi-Fi links.
Waveguide coupler for potassium and silver ion-exchanged waveguides in glass (1992)

Ion-exchange techniques have been used extensively to produce optical waveguides in glass substrates. Potassium ion-exchanged waveguides are well suited for fabricating basic components such as Y-branches and directional couplers. They can be made in a one-step process to match nearly perfectly with standard telecom fibers.1 With silver ion exchange, higher index increase is obtained. This is advantageous in small radius bends, in coupling with LDs, and in devices that have gratings or overlayer films on top of the waveguides. In many cases, it would be useful to integrate K- and Ag-waveguides in a single device.
Mid-infrared tunable quantum cascade lasers for gas-sensing applications (2000)

The quantum cascade (QC) laser does not involve the material bandgap for the generation of light. Therefore, InP- and GaAs-based III-V semiconductor materials can now be used for the generation of long-wavelength, mid-infrared light. These materials are also straightforward to process and pattern. This is essential for the more sophisticated device geometries such as distributed feedback (DFB) lasers. DFB lasers provide a very elegant and reliable method to achieve a well-defined single-wavelength emission (called single-mode operation) as opposed to the usually multiple-mode emission of free-running Fabry-Perot resonators. QC-DFB lasers were first demonstrated in 1996. They have evolved very rapidly and have already shown great promise in many different gas-sensing applications.
<title>Optical imaging device of retinal function</title> (2002)

An optical imaging device of retina function (OID-RF) has been constructed to record changes in reflected 700-nm light from the fundus caused by retinal activation in response to a visual 535-nm stimulus. The resulting images reveal areas of the retina activated by visual stimulation. This device is a modified fundus camera designed to provide a patterned, moving visual stimulus over a 45-degree field of view to the subject in the green wavelength portion of the visual spectrum while simultaneously imaging the fundus in another, longer wavelength range. Data was collected from 3 normal subjects and recorded for 13 seconds at 4 Hz; 3 seconds were recorded during pre-stimulus baseline, 5 seconds during the stimulus, and 5 seconds post-stimulus. This procedure was repeated several times and, after image registration, the images were averaged to improve signal to noise. The change in reflected intensity from the retina due to the stimulus was then calculated by comparison to the pre-stimulus state. Reflected intensity from areas of stimulated retina began to increase steadily within 1 second after stimulus onset and decayed after stimulus offset. These results indicated that a functional optical signal can be recorded from the human eye.
The<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis clpB</i>gene is involved in cellular invasion<i>in vitro</i>and virulence<i>in vivo</i> (2007)

ClpB, a component of stress response in microorganisms, serves as a chaperone, preventing protein aggregation and assisting in the refolding of denatured proteins. A clpB mutant of Porphyromonas gingivalis W83 demonstrated increased sensitivity to heat stress, but not to hydrogen peroxide and extreme pHs. In KB cells, human coronary artery endothelial (HCAE) cells and gingival epithelial cells, the clpB mutant exhibited significantly decreased invasion suggesting that the ClpB protein is involved in cellular invasion. Transmission electron microscopic analysis showed that the clpB mutant was more susceptible to intracellular killing than the wild-type strain in HCAE cells. The global genetic profile of the clpB mutant showed that 136 genes belonging to several different cellular function groups were differentially regulated, suggesting that ClpB is ultimately involved in the expression of multiple P. gingivalis genes. A competition assay in which a mixture of wild-type W83 and the clpB mutant were injected into mice demonstrated that the clpB mutant did not survive as well as the wild type. Additionally, mice treated with the clpB mutant alone survived significantly better than those treated with the wild-type strain. Collectively, these data suggest that ClpB, either directly or indirectly, plays an important role in P. gingivalis virulence.
Bistable Microvalve For Use With Microcatheter System (2003)

A bistable microvalve of shape memory material is operatively connected to a microcatheter. The bistable microvalve includes a tip that can be closed off until it is in the desired position. Once it is in position it can be opened and closed. The system uses heat and pressure to open and close the microvalve. The shape memory material will change stiffness and shape when heated above a transition temperature. The shape memory material is adapted to move from a first shape to a second shape, either open or closed, where it can perform a desired function.
Passive mid-stream monitoring of real-time properties (2005)

Passive monitoring or testing of complex systems and networks running in the field can provide valuable insights into their behavior in actual environments of use. In certain contexts, such as network management and intrusion detection for security, passive monitoring is the most applicable methodology for assuring correctness of the system's behavior. More generally, it can serve to complement and extend functional testing and fault detection efforts that take place during the software/product development lifecycle. Two distinguishing aspects of passive monitoring are that: (a) the fault detection process cannot influence the execution of the system by providing particular inputs to the system, and (b) observations are obtained mid-stream, from an unknown state in the middle of the execution of the system. In this paper, we present results on passively testing for real-time behavioral properties that can be applied to a large class of systems including those that can be modeled as timed automata. Our results provide a natural extension of the passive testing study conducted in [17] for untimed properties. We have implemented our approach using the real-time model checker UPPAAL, and we report on its application to passively test fault tolerance software in a telecommunications switch developed at Lucent Technologies.
Design and synthesis of ferroelectric liquid crystals. 15. <sup>1</sup> FLC materials for nonlinear optics applications (1991)

Abstract We have recently reported the first FLCs designed specifically for large second order nonlinear optical (NLO) susceptibility χ(2); a series of o-nitro-1-methylheptyloxy biphenylbenzoates and phenyl biphenylcarboxylates. Properties of a stable room-temperature C* mixture of two such components (1:1 W316/W317 = MX5679) are presented. The nonlinear susceptibility, as evidenced by the Type 1 eeo deff for second harmonic generation (SHG) from 1,064 nm light for MX5679 is indeed large relative to other FLCs which have been evaluated for χ(2) (deff (ZLI3654) = 0.0016 pm/V, deff (SCE9) = 0.0037 pm/V, deff (MX5679) = 0.16 pm/V). The synthesis and some properties of second-generation FLCs designed for NLO applications is also described.
A Multi-Discriminator CycleGAN for Unsupervised Non-Parallel Speech Domain Adaptation (2018)

Domain adaptation plays an important role for speech recognition models, in particular, for domains that have low resources. We propose a novel generative model based on cyclic-consistent generative adversarial network (CycleGAN) for unsupervised non-parallel speech domain adaptation. The proposed model employs multiple independent discriminators on the power spectrogram, each in charge of different frequency bands. As a result we have 1) better discriminators that focus on fine-grained details of the frequency features, and 2) a generator that is capable of generating more realistic domain-adapted spectrogram. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on speech recognition with gender adaptation, where the model only has access to supervised data from one gender during training, but is evaluated on the other at test time. Our model is able to achieve an average of $7.41\%$ on phoneme error rate, and $11.10\%$ word error rate relative performance improvement as compared to the baseline, on TIMIT and WSJ dataset, respectively. Qualitatively, our model also generates more natural sounding speech, when conditioned on data from the other domain.
Evidence for Multiple B- and T-Cell Epitopes in<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>Liver-Stage Antigen 3 (2009)

Liver-stage antigen 3 (LSA-3) is a new vaccine candidate that can induce protection against Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite challenge. Using a series of long synthetic peptides (LSP) encompassing most of the 210-kDa LSA-3 protein, a study of the antigenicity of this protein was carried out in 203 inhabitants from the villages of Dielmo (n = 143) and Ndiop (n = 60) in Senegal (the level of malaria transmission differs in these two villages). Lymphocyte responses to each individual LSA-3 peptide were recorded, some at high prevalences (up to 43%). Antibodies were also detected to each of the 20 peptides, many at high prevalence (up to 84% of responders), and were directed to both nonrepeat and repeat regions. Immune responses to LSA-3 were detectable even in individuals of less than 5 years of age and increased with age and hence exposure to malaria, although they were not directly related to the level of malaria transmission. Thus, several valuable T- and B-cell epitopes were characterized all along the LSA-3 protein, supporting the antigenicity of this P. falciparum vaccine candidate. Finally, antibodies specific for peptide LSP10 located in a nonrepeat region of LSA-3 were found significantly associated with a lower risk of malaria attack over 1 year of daily clinical follow-up in children between the ages of 7 and 15 years, but not in older individuals.
Analysis of weighted fan-out/fan-in volume holographic optical interconnections (1993)

The feasibility of employing volume holographic techniques for the implementation of highly multiplexed weighted fan-out/fan-in interconnections is analyzed on the basis of interconnection fidelity, optical throughput, and complexity of recording schedule or implementation hardware. These feasibility criteria were quantitatively evaluated using the optical beam propagation method to numerically simulate the diffraction characteristics of volume holographic interconnections recorded in a linear holographic material. We find that conventional interconnection architectures (that are based on a single coherent optical source) exhibit a direct trade-off between interconnection fidelity and optical throughput on the one hand, and recording schedule or hardware complexity on the other. In order to circumvent this trade-off we describe and analyze in detail an incoherent/coherent double angularly multiplexed interconnection architecture that is based on the use of multiple-source array of individually coherent but mutually incoherent sources. This architecture either minimizes or avoids several key sources of cross talk, permits simultaneous recording of interconnection weights or weight updates, and provides enhanced fidelity, interchannel isolation, and thróughput performance.
Environment Recognition Using Selected MPEG-7 Audio Features and Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (2010)

In this paper, we propose a system for environment recognition using selected MPEG-7 audio low level descriptors together with conventional mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC). The MPEG-7 descriptors are first ranked based on Fisher's discriminant ratio. Then principal component analysis is applied on top ranked 30 MPEG-7 descriptors to obtain 13 features. These 13 features are appended with MFCC features to complete the feature set of the proposed system. Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) are used as classifier. The system is evaluated using ten different environment sounds. The experimental results show a significant improvement in recognition performance of the proposed system over MFCC or full MPEG-7 descriptor based systems. For example, the best performance is achieved in Restaurant environment where MFCC, full MPEG-7, and the proposed method give 90%, 94%, and 96% accuracy, respectively.