gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wireless Magnetoelastic Monitoring of Biliary Stents (2009)

This paper presents a system for wirelessly monitoring the accumulation of sludge in a biliary stent. Two generations of the system are detailed. The first-generation system utilizes a 2 × 37.5-mm ribbon sensor with a mass of 18 mg, along with 0.8-mm-thick × 1.6-mm-diameter neodymium magnets to bias the sensor. Both components are integrated with a 4-mm-diameter stainless steel stent. The second-generation system comprises a sensor and a magnetic layer [consisting of strontium ferrite particles suspended in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)] that conform to the meshed topology and tubular curvature of a 5-mm-diameter Elgiloy stent. The second-generation sensors have an active area of 7.5 × 29 mm and a mass of 9.1 mg. The sensors in both generations are fabricated from 28-¿m -thick foils of magnetoelastic 2826 MB Metglas, an amorphous Ni-Fe alloy. Analytical and finite-element models that predict sensor response in the dynamic biological environment are presented. The response of each system to viscosity changes that precede and accompany biliary sludge accumulation is tested, with resonant frequency changes of 2.8% and 6.5% over a 10-cP range for each respective generation. Sludge accumulation is simulated with successive coatings of either paraffin or an acrylate terpolymer. Resonant frequency response to this mass loading effect is similar for both generations of the system, showing a 40% decrease after applying a mass load of 2.5× the mass of the sensor.
Sorting mesoscopic objects with periodic potential landscapes: Optical fractionation (2004)

Viscously damped objects driven through a periodically modulated potential energy landscape can become kinetically locked in to commensurate directions through the landscape, and thus can be deflected away from the driving direction. We demonstrate that the threshold for an object to become kinetically locked in to an array can depend exceptionally strongly on its size. When implemented with an array of holographic optical tweezers, this process provides the basis for a continuous and continuously optimized sorting technique for mesoscopic objects called "optical fractionation."
Construction of Industrial Electron Beam Plant for Wastewater Treatment (2004)

A pilot plant for treating 1,000 m3/day of dyeing wastewater with e-beam has been constructed and operated since 1998 in Daegu, Korea together with the biological treatment facility. The wastewater from various stages of the existing purification process has been treated with electron beam in this plant, and it gave rise to elaborate the optimal technology of the electron beam treatment of wastewater with increased reliability at instant changes in the composition of wastewater. Installation of the e-beam pilot plant resulted in decolorizing and destructive oxidation of organic impurities in wastewater, appreciable to reduction of chemical reagent consumption, in reduction of the treatment time, and in increase in flow rate limit of existing facilities by 30-40%. Industrial plant for treating 10,000 m3/day, based upon the pilot experimental result, is under construction and will be finished by 2005. This project is supported by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and Korean Government.
A 5-to-25Gb/s 1.6-to-3.8mW/(Gb/s) reconfigurable transceiver in 45nm CMOS (2010)

A reconfigurable transceiver capable of adapting its signaling mode to the I/O channel is implemented in 45nm CMOS. When configured for single-ended 2/3/4-PAM, it enables 5-to-25Gb/s signaling over on-package interconnect while dissipating 1.6-to-2.6mW/(Gb/s). Over a backplane channel, a differential source series-terminated signaling configuration with TX pre-emphasis and 1-tap DFE allows 10Gb/s signaling with 3.8mW/(Gb/s) power efficiency.
A role for FKBP52 in Tau protein function (2010)

Tau is a microtubule-associated protein, which is widely expressed in the central nervous system, predominantly in neurons, where it regulates microtubule dynamics, axonal transport, and neurite outgrowth. The aberrant assembly of Tau is the hallmark of several human neurodegenerative diseases, collectively known as tauopathies. They include Alzheimer's disease, Pick's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, and frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17. Several abnormalities in Tau, such as hyperphosphorylation and aggregation, alter its function and are central to the pathogenic process. Here, we describe biochemical and functional interactions between FKBP52 and Tau. FKBP52 is a member of the FKBP (FK506-binding protein) family that comprises intracellular protein effectors of immunosuppressive drugs (such as FK506 and rapamycin). We found that FKBP52, which is abundant in brain, binds directly and specifically to Tau, especially in its hyperphosphorylated form. The relevance of this observation was confirmed by the colocalization of both proteins in the distal part of the axons of cortical neurons and by the antagonistic effect of FKBP52 on the ability of Tau to promote microtubule assembly. Overexpression of FKBP52 in differentiated PC12 cells prevented the accumulation of Tau and resulted in reduced neurite length. Taken together, these findings indicate a role for FKBP52 in Tau function and may help to decipher and modulate the events involved in Tau-induced neurodegeneration.
Celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, protects against human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2)/neu-induced breast cancer. (2002)

Cyclooxygenase 2 (HER-2) (Cox-2), an inducible form of Cox, is overexpressed in HER-2/neu-positive human breast cancers. The aim of this study was to determine whether celecoxib, a selective Cox-2 inhibitor, protected against HER-2/neu-induced experimental breast cancer. Cox-2 protein was detected in breast carcinomas from mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)/neu mice. Treatment with celecoxib (500 ppm) significantly reduced the incidence of mammary tumors in MMTV/neu mice (P = 0.003) and caused about a 50% reduction in mammary prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels. Because mammary glands from MMTV/neu mice expressed all four PGE2 receptor subtypes, we speculate that signaling through PGE2 receptors is important for mammary tumorigenesis. These results strengthen the rationale for developing clinical trials to determine whether selective Cox-2 inhibitors possess anticancer properties in humans at risk for breast cancer.
Microfluidic Near-Field Beam-Splitting Frequency Selective Surface for Fabry-Perot Cavity Antenna System (2017)

A microfluidic Fabry-Perot Cavity (FPC) antenna system is presented with split beam in the near-field. For this purpose, fluidic housing, which is made of polydimethylsilone (PDMS), is used and integrated into the FPC system. The FPC system consists of a slot antenna and frequency selective surface (FSS). Two FSS designs with rectangular apertures are considered: augmented and microfluidic FSS arrays. Each is designed, modeled, and tested for comparison in the FPC system.
Fabrication of discrete carbon nanotube based nano-scaled force sensors (2006)

We present a novel fabrication technique for discrete and released carbon nanotube based nano-mechanical force sensors. The simple fabrication technique involves pre-patterned coordinate markers used to align the device design to pre-deposited single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT): atomic force microscope (AFM) images are recorded to determine spatial orientation of each discrete nanotube to be integrated in a nano-scaled force sensor. Electron beam (e-beam) lithography is subsequently used to pattern the metallic electrodes for the nanoscale structures. Diluted HF etching followed by critical point drying finalizes the nano-sized device fabrication. We use discrete, highly purified and chemically stable CNT as active elements to reliably withstand HF release, rather than CNT grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). We show AFM and FESEM images to prove the successful realization and release of SWCNT embedded in true NEMS.
Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Management of Glaucoma (2010)

Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) is a relatively new imaging technology that is being used for the diagnosis and management of glaucoma. This article presents a review of the specific parameters analyzed by SD-OCT and the diagnostic capability, reproducibility, and limitations of the device. SD-OCT parameters useful for diagnosis of glaucoma include retinal nerve fiber layer analysis, optic nerve head analysis, and ganglion cell complex analysis. These parameters have proven to be at least as equivalent to time-domain technology in terms of diagnostic capability and superior in terms of reproducibility. SD-OCT technology may be limited by signal quality, image artifact, and confounding ocular disease.
A Rationally Designed Fully Human EGFRvIII:CD3-Targeted Bispecific Antibody Redirects Human T Cells to Treat Patient-derived Intracerebral Malignant Glioma (2018)

<b>Purpose:</b> Conventional therapy for malignant glioma fails to specifically target tumor cells. In contrast, substantial evidence indicates that if appropriately redirected, T cells can precisely eradicate tumors. Here we report the rational development of a fully human bispecific antibody (hEGFRvIII-CD3 bi-scFv) that redirects human T cells to lyse malignant glioma expressing a tumor-specific mutation of the EGFR (EGFRvIII).<b>Experimental Design:</b> We generated a panel of bispecific single-chain variable fragments and optimized design through successive rounds of screening and refinement. We tested the ability of our lead construct to redirect naïve T cells and induce target cell-specific lysis. To test for efficacy, we evaluated tumor growth and survival in xenogeneic and syngeneic models of glioma. Tumor penetrance following intravenous drug administration was assessed in highly invasive, orthotopic glioma models.<b>Results:</b> A highly expressed bispecific antibody with specificity to CD3 and EGFRvIII was generated (hEGFRvIII-CD3 bi-scFv). Antibody-induced T-cell activation, secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, and proliferation was robust and occurred exclusively in the presence of target antigen. hEGFRvIII-CD3 bi-scFv was potent and target-specific, mediating significant lysis of multiple malignant glioma cell lines and patient-derived malignant glioma samples that heterogeneously express EGFRvIII. In both subcutaneous and orthotopic models, well-engrafted, patient-derived malignant glioma was effectively treated despite heterogeneity of EGFRvIII expression; intravenous hEGFRvIII-CD3 bi-scFv administration caused significant regression of tumor burden (<i>P</i> < 0.0001) and significantly extended survival (<i>P</i> < 0.0001). Similar efficacy was obtained in highly infiltrative, syngeneic glioma models, and intravenously administered hEGFRvIII-CD3 bi-scFv localized to these orthotopic tumors.<b>Conclusions:</b> We have developed a clinically translatable bispecific antibody that redirects human T cells to safely and effectively treat malignant glioma. On the basis of these results, we have developed a clinical study of hEGFRvIII-CD3 bi-scFv for patients with EGFRvIII-positive malignant glioma. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 24(15); 3611-31. ©2018 AACR</i>.
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: New Advances in Cardiac Regenerative Medicine (2013)

To bring the notion of cardiac regenerative medicine to fruition, researchers have tried to determine which stem cells, embryonic stem (ES) cells or somatic stem cells, are most suitable. Thus far, there is no clear indication which is better, because both have their own advantages and disadvantages. In 2006, murine induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells were first established. Since then, basic research into the properties of iPS cells has continued apace. Originally, human iPS cells were generated from dermal fibroblasts by retrovirus-mediated gene transfer. Although this technique is sophisticated and easy to perform, the skin biopsy is accompanied by some bleeding and pain, and there may be some damage to the host genome because of retrovirus-mediated transgene integration. However, methods of producing iPS cells have improved steadily. For clinical application in the cardiovascular field, efficient methods that produce pluripotent stem cells that can differentiate into cardiomyocytes need to be developed. Existing methods for ES cells can be applied to iPS cells to obtain cardiomyocyte differentiation. In addition, existing purification methods can be used to obtain pure cardiomyocytes from a population of mixed cells. These techniques have themselves been the subject of extensive research, and continued advances are now making the clinical application of pluripotent stem cells a reality. We are at the forefront of medical innovations in the cardiovascular field based on the use of pluripotent stem cells.
Peripheral serotonin causes dengue virus–induced thrombocytopenia through 5HT2 receptors (2019)

Dengue virus (DENV) is the most prevalent vector-borne viral pathogen, infecting millions of patients annually. Thrombocytopenia, a reduction in circulating platelet counts, is the most consistent sign of DENV-induced disease, independent of disease severity. However, the mechanisms leading to DENV-induced thrombocytopenia are unknown. Here, we show that thrombocytopenia is caused by serotonin derived from mast cells (MCs), which are immune cells that are present in the perivascular space and are a major peripheral source of serotonin. We show that during DENV infection, MCs release serotonin, which prompts platelet activation, aggregation, and enhanced phagocytosis, dependent on 5HT<sub>2A</sub> receptors. MC deficiency in mice or pharmacologic inhibition of MCs reversed thrombocytopenia. Furthermore, reconstitution of MC-deficient mice with wild-type MCs, but not MCs lacking serotonin synthesis resulting from deficiency in the enzyme tryptophan hydroxylase-1, restored the thrombocytopenic phenotype. Exogenous serotonin was also sufficient to overcome the effects of drugs that inhibit platelet activation in vitro and to restore thrombocytopenia in DENV-infected MC-deficient mice. Therapeutic targeting of 5HT<sub>2A</sub> receptors during DENV infection effectively prevented thrombocytopenia in mice. Similarly, serotonin derived from DENV-activated human MCs led to increased human platelet activation. Thus, MC-derived serotonin is a previously unidentified mechanism of DENV-induced thrombocytopenia and a potential therapeutic target.
<title>Compression of ultrashort pulses using second harmonic generation in chirped PPLN</title> (1998)

Ultrashort-pulse lasers are, in many ways, the ideal light source for diverse applications. A particularly appealing ultrashort-pulse laser technology is diode-pumped erbium-fiber13. Fiber-based systems easily offer milliwatt-level femtosecond pulses with electrical-to-optical conversion efficiencies of several percent, while laboratory demonstrations have pushed these limits to watt-level4 average powers and pJ pulse energies5; electrical-to-optical conversion efficiencies in the 10's of percent range should be possible. However, despite their appeal, these and other ultrashort-pulse laser systems offer only limited selections of output wavelengths. Nonlinear optical frequency conversion is often used to extend the useful wavelength range of available laser sources. However, in many cases, inadequate properties of conventional nonlinear materials have prevented the application of frequency conversion to low power sources such as diode-pumped fiber lasers. Recent advances in nonlinear materials, particularly that of the quasi-phasematching (QPM) technique, have enabled the generation of an increasing range of wavelengths with improved efficiencies and with lower power laser sources. Most of the previous work on QPM frequency conversion has focused on continuous-wave (OW) or nanosecond-pulse lasers, while the work described in this summary focuses on the ultrashortpulse regime.
Mutations in exon 1 of <i>MECP2</i> are a rare cause of Rett syndrome (2005)

Rett syndrome (RTT; MIM 312750) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with an onset in early childhood that affects 1/10 000–1/15 000 females. After a period of relatively normal development, girls with RTT present with developmental arrest, usually by 12–18 months of age, followed by rapid deterioration with regression of speech and purposeful hand movements. Girls loose acquired communication skills coincident with the appearance of autistic features, deceleration of head growth, seizures, ataxia, awake respiratory dysfunction, and stereotypic hand movements.1

RTT is caused by mutations in the gene that encodes methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 ( MECP2 ; MIM 300005).2 The involvement of MeCP2 in methylation specific transcriptional repression suggests that the symptoms of RTT are the consequence of inappropriate transcription of genes important for neuronal function and brain development. PCR amplification followed by direct sequencing of MECP2 coding exons 2 through 4 has become the standard diagnostic approach for clinically suspected RTT, but mutations are detected in only ∼85% of individuals with classic RTT.3,4 Gene dosage analysis by Southern hybridisation or multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification has resulted in identification of large genomic deletions of the MECP2 genomic locus in an additional subset of these mutation negative RTT patients.5–7 However, the causative mutation is still unknown in the remaining 5–10%.

It has recently been discovered that MECP2 has two splice variants encoding two protein isoforms that differ in their N terminus.8,9 The previously known mRNA splice variant (NM_004992) encodes a less abundant protein that is 12 amino acids shorter and translated from an ATG initiation codon in exon 2. The newly recognised transcript (AY541280) excludes exon 2 and encodes a longer protein translated from an ATG in exon 1, which was previously thought to be a non-coding exon.8,9 According to recently agreed nomenclature (Rett …
Variable phosphorylation states of pigment-epithelium–derived factor differentially regulate its function (2005)

The pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) belongs to the family of noninhibitory serpins. Although originally identified in the eye, PEDF is widely expressed in other body regions including the plasma. This factor can act either as a neurotrophic or as an antiangiogenic factor, and we previously showed that the 2 effects of PEDF are regulated through phosphorylation by PKA and CK2. Here, we studied the interplay between the PKA and CK2 phosphorylation of PEDF, and found that a PEDF mutant mimicking the CK2-phosphorylated PEDF cannot be phosphorylated by PKA, while the mutant mimicking the PKA-phosphorylated PEDF is a good CK2 substrate. Using triple mutants that mimic the PKA- and CK2-phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated PEDF, we found that PEDF can induce several distinct cellular activities dependent on its phosphorylation. The mutant mimicking the accumulative PKA plus CK2 phosphorylation exhibited the strongest antiangiogenic and neurotrophic activities, while the mutants mimicking the individual phosphorylation site mutants had either a reduced activity or only one of these activities. Thus, differential phosphorylation induces variable effects of PEDF, and therefore contributes to the complexity of PEDF action. It is likely that the triple phosphomimetic mutant can be used to generate effective antiangiogenic or neurotrophic drugs.
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 7.BETA.-(2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)acetamido)cephalosporin derivatives. V. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 7.BETA.-(2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido)cephalosporin derivatives and related compounds. (1981)

In order to improve the antibacterial activity of 7 beta-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)acetamido]-cephalosporins new derivatives having a methoxyimino moiety in the 7-acyl side chain and related compounds were synthesized. Of these, 7 beta-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-(Z)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido]-cephalosporins were found to possess excellent activity against a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria including beta-lactamase-producing strains. An extensive study of structure-activity relationships led to the selection of 7 beta-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-(Z)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido]-3-[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl) thiomethyl]-ceph-3-em-4-carboxylic acid, SCE-1365, for further biological and clinical evaluation.
Preceding vehicle state prediction (2013)

A model-based approach is presented for predicting future state (position and velocity) of the preceding vehicle in response to velocity disturbance from lead vehicle in a platoon. Online parameter estimation is used to adapt model parameters based on characteristics of individual drivers in the platoon. A car-following model is used to describe platoon longitudinal dynamics. Examples are presented using simulated as well as real-traffic data.
Beta-endorphin-(1-27) is a naturally occurring antagonist to etorphine-induced analgesia. (1985)

The potent opioid peptide beta-endorphin is found in the brain and pituitary with two related fragments, beta-endorphin-(1-27) and beta-endorphin-(1-26). The fragments retain substantial opioid-receptor binding activity but are virtually inactive analgesically. beta-Endorphin-(1-27) inhibits beta-endorphin-induced and etorphine-induced analgesia when coinjected intracerebroventricularly into mice. Antagonism by competition at the same site(s) is suggested from parallel shifts of the dose-response curves of etorphine or beta-endorphin in the presence of beta-endorphin-(1-27). Its potency is 4-5 times greater than that of the opiate antagonist naloxone. beta-Endorphin-(1-26) does not antagonize the antinociceptive action of etorphine or beta-endorphin in doses up to 500 pmol per animal.
Light-Matter Interactions using a Nanofiber-Segment Ring Resonator (2016)

We describe experimental work on a nanofiber-based ring resonator that enables strong interactions between the cavity-enhanced field and atoms near the nanofiber surface. This “all fiber” cavity has applications in nonlinear spectroscopy and quantum optics.
Fortimicins C, D and KE, new aminoglycoside antibiotics. (1979)

From the fermentation broth of Micromonospora olivoasterospora CS-26 that produced fortimicins A and B three new aminoglycoside antibiotics, fortimicins C, D and KE, were isolated. Fortimicins C and D exhibited potent, broad spectrum antibacterial activities against Gram-positive and negative bacteria, while fortimicin KE was only weakly active.
<title>Laser-induced-plasma-assisted ablation for glass microfabrication</title> (2001)

Glass is a hard transparent material with many applications in Photonics and advanced display industries. It is a high challenge to achieve crack-free glass microfabrication due to its special material characteristics. Laser-induced-plasma- assisted ablation is applied in this study to get the high quality glass microfabrication. In this processing, the laser beam goes through the glass substrate first and then irradiates on a solid target behind. For laser fluence above ablation threshold for the target, the generated plasma flies forward at a high speed. At a small target-to-substrate distance, there are strong interactions among laser light, target plasma and glass materials at the rear side of the substrate. Light absorption characteristic at the glass substrate is modified since the plasma may soften and dope into the glass in the interaction area. To have a better understanding of this processing, signal diagnostics are carried out to study the dynamic interaction. It is found that glass microfabrication is closely related to laser fluence, target-to-substrate distance, laser spot size and laser beam scanning speed. With proper control of the processing parameters, glass surface marking patterning and cutting can be achieved. With different materials as the targets, color marking of glass substrate can be obtained.