gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Blood Orange Juice Intake on Antioxidant Bioavailability and on Different Markers Related to Oxidative Stress (2005)

Orange juice is a source of antioxidants that might afford in vivo protection from oxidative stress. To test this hypothesis, we carried out a human intervention study with blood orange juice containing high amounts of vitamin C, anthocyanins, and carotenoids. Sixteen healthy female volunteers were enrolled in a crossover study and were given 600 mL/day of blood orange juice or a diet without juice for 21 days. Before and after each intervention period, plasma vitamin C, cyanidin-3-glucoside, and carotenoids were quantified. Furthermore, plasma antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde concentration in plasma, 11-dehydrotromboxane B(2) urinary excretion, and lymphocyte DNA damage were evaluated as biomarkers of oxidative stress. Blood orange juice consumption determined a significant increase in plasma vitamin C, cyanidin-3-glucoside, beta-cryptoxanthin, and zeaxanthin. Also, lymphocyte DNA resistance to oxidative stress was improved whereas no effect was observed on the other markers that we analyzed. In turn, these results suggest that blood orange juice is a bioavailable source of antioxidants, which might moderately improve the antioxidant defense system; however, the long-term effects of its consumption are to be further investigated.
Integer division using reciprocals (2002)

By using a reciprocal approximation, integer division can be synthesized from a multiply followed by a shift. Without carefully selecting the reciprocal, however, the quotient obtained often suffers from off-by-one errors, requiring a correction step. The author describes the design decisions made when designing integer division for a new 64-b machine. The result is a fast and economical scheme for computing both unsigned and signed integer quotients which guarantees an exact answer without any correction. The reciprocal computation is fast enough, with one table lookup and five multiplies, so that this scheme is competitive with a dedicated divider, while requiring much less hardware specific to division. The real strength of the proposed method is division by a constant, which takes only a single multiply and shift, one operation on the machine considered. The analysis shows that the computed quotient is always exact: no adjustment or correction is necessary.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Foldable interpenetrated metal-organic frameworks/carbon nanotubes thin film for lithium–sulfur batteries (2017)

Lithium-sulfur batteries are promising technologies for powering flexible devices due to their high energy density, low cost and environmental friendliness, when the insulating nature, shuttle effect and volume expansion of sulfur electrodes are well addressed. Here, we report a strategy of using foldable interpenetrated metal-organic frameworks/carbon nanotubes thin film for binder-free advanced lithium-sulfur batteries through a facile confinement conversion. The carbon nanotubes interpenetrate through the metal-organic frameworks crystal and interweave the electrode into a stratified structure to provide both conductivity and structural integrity, while the highly porous metal-organic frameworks endow the electrode with strong sulfur confinement to achieve good cyclability. These hierarchical porous interpenetrated three-dimensional conductive networks with well confined S<sub>8</sub> lead to high sulfur loading and utilization, as well as high volumetric energy density.
Early assembly pathways of type I collagen (1992)

A method was developed for computing the free energy (delta Fi) of aggregates of type I collagen. The method was based on a treatment of Matheson and Flory describing phase equilibria of rigid rod polymers. It included a polymer-solvent interaction term that depended on near neighbor transfer energies. Extrahelical portions of the molecule were assigned local interaction energies differing from that assigned to the helix. Free energies of reaction for successive steps along assembly pathways (delta Fi-i+1) were computed. When allowance was made for specific pairing between extrahelical and helical domains, the so-called D-staggered (D = 670 A) alignment of molecules was preferred, as opposed to a nonstaggered, or nematic, alignment. Based on delta Fi-i+1 alone, it appeared that 1D-staggered oligomers arise first in assembly, followed later by addition of molecules in 4D alignment. Neither 4D dimers nor 4D-8D trimers were predicted to be major intermediates in assembly. This result is contrary to previous hypotheses. When energies of activation were included in the analysis, the prediction was less certain, and specific circumstances were identified in which 4D dimers and 4D-8D trimers were the earliest aggregated species in assembly.
Electrophysiological Evidence of Intuition: Part 1. The Surprising Role of the Heart (2004)

Overall, we have independently replicated and extended previous research documenting prestimulus responses. It appears that the heart is involved in the processing and decoding of intuitive information. Once the prestimulus information is received in the psychophysiologic systems, it appears to be processed in the same way as conventional sensory input. This study presents compelling evidence that the body's perceptual apparatus is continuously scanning the future. To account for the results presented in Parts 1 and 2, Part 3 will develop a theory based on holographic principles explaining how intuitive perception accesses a field of energy into which information about future events is spectrally enfolded.
Parkin overexpression selects against a deleterious mtDNA mutation in heteroplasmic cybrid cells (2010)

Mitochondrial genomes with deleterious mutations can replicate in cells along with wild-type genomes in a state of heteroplasmy, and are a cause of severe inherited syndromes, such as mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke (MELAS), neuropathy, ataxia, retinitis pigmentosa-maternally inherited Leigh syndrome (NARP-MILS), and Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). The cytosolic E3 ligase, Parkin, commonly mutated in recessive familial parkinsonism, translocates to depolarized mitochondria and induces their autophagic elimination, suggesting that Parkin may signal the selective removal of defective mitochondria within the cell. We report that long-term overexpression of Parkin can eliminate mitochondria with deleterious COXI mutations in heteroplasmic cybrid cells, thereby enriching cells for wild-type mtDNA and restoring cytochrome c oxidase activity. After relieving cybrid cells of Parkin overexpression, a more favorable wild-type to mutant mitochondrial genome ratio is stably maintained. These data support the model that Parkin functions in a mitochondrial quality control pathway. Additionally, they suggest that transiently increasing levels of Parkin expression might ameliorate certain mitochondrial diseases.
Molecular Chlorine Generated by the Myeloperoxidase-Hydrogen Peroxide-Chloride System of Phagocytes Converts Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol into a Family of Chlorinated Sterols (1996)

Oxidation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) may be of critical importance in triggering the pathological events of atherosclerosis. Myeloperoxidase, a heme protein secreted by phagocytes, is a potent catalyst for LDL oxidation in vitro, and active enzyme is present in human atherosclerotic lesions. We have explored the possibility that reactive intermediates generated by myeloperoxidase target LDL cholesterol for oxidation. LDL exposed to the myeloperoxidase-H2O2-Cl- system at acidic pH yielded a family of chlorinated sterols. The products were identified by mass spectrometry as a novel dichlorinated sterol, cholesterol alpha-chlorohydrin (6beta-chlorocholestane-(3beta,5alpha)-diol), cholesterol beta-chlorohydrin (5alpha-chlorocholestane-(3beta, 6beta)-diol), and a structurally related cholesterol chlorohydrin. Oxidation of LDL cholesterol by myeloperoxidase required H2O2 and Cl-, suggesting that hypochlorous acid (HOCl) was an intermediate in the reaction. However, HOCl failed to generate chlorinated sterols under chloride-free conditions. Since HOCl is in equilibrium with molecular chlorine (Cl2) through a reaction which requires Cl- and H+, this raised the possibility that Cl2 was the actual chlorinating intermediate. Consonant with this hypothesis, HOCl oxidized LDL cholesterol in the presence of Cl- and at acidic pH. Moreover, in the absence of Cl- and at neutral pH, Cl2 generated the same family of chlorinated sterols as the myeloperoxidase-H2O2-Cl- system. Finally, direct addition of Cl2 to the double bond of cholesterol accounts for dichlorinated sterol formation by myeloperoxidase. Collectively, these results indicate that Cl2 derived from HOCl is the chlorinating intermediate in the oxidation of cholesterol by myeloperoxidase. Our observations suggest that Cl2 generation in acidic compartments may constitute one pathway for oxidation of LDL cholesterol in the artery wall.
The three-dimensional organization and ultrastructure of lymphatics in the rat intestinal mucosa as revealed by scanning electron microscopy after KOH-collagenase treatment. (1990)

The three-dimensional organization and ultrastructure of lymphatics in the rat intestinal mucosa were studied by scanning electron microscopy using the KOH-collagenase digestion method (to remove extracellular connective tissue matrices) and by conventional transmission electron microscopy. Each villus possessed three or more lymphatics in the deeper layer of the lamina propria. These initial lymphatics were 5-15 microns in diameter and ran parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction of the villus. These lymphatics were free from adhering periendothelial cells, but had numerous cytoplasmic folds and projections of the endothelium on their abluminal surface. At the villous base, the lymphatics emptied into several thicker (about 70-80 microns) lymphatics, which further connected together to form a flat and wide sinus (intra-villous lymphatic sinus). This sinus was relatively smooth in abluminal surface. From the bottom of each sinus, several lymphatics descended perpendicularly to drain into lymphatics in the submucosa. The villous lymphatics described above seemed to be partially accompanied by bundles of smooth muscle cells, which ran longitudinally in the villous core. The submucosal lymphatics were smooth in abluminal surface and possessed no periendothelial cells. These lymphatics ran in a transverse direction just beneath the muscularis mucosae to form a two-dimensional mesh-work by anastomosing with one another. This submucosal lymphatic network was often closely associated with the muscle cells of the muscularis mucosae, but was not accompanied by submucosal arteries.
CAISMS: A Context-Aware Integrated Security Management System for Smart Home (2007)

Computer system is evolving rapidly to ubiquitous computing system. A smart home environment is a typical ubiquitous environment consisting of a network of computerized electronic appliances. Current smart home system provides context information on individual machinery and it responses only to user's passive requirement. Correspondingly, smart home technique does not offer user's authentication access control, and preservation. To emphasize these issues, we study using the environment information by access control method, or user's authentication service requirement. However, current techniques still contains weak points. They cannot establish a large scaled-policy and it cannot also provide various efficient authentication methods. In this research, we propose an integrated preservation system by using the security middleware to solve the problem.
A Chemically Synthesized Version of the Insect Antibacterial Glycopeptide, Diptericin, Disrupts Bacterial Membrane Integrity (1999)

Insects protect themselves against bacterial infection by secreting a battery of antimicrobial peptides into the hemolymph. Despite recent progress, important mechanistic questions, such as the precise bacterial targets, the nature of any cooperation that occurs between peptides, and the purpose of multiple peptide isoforms, remain largely unanswered. We report herein the chemical synthesis and preliminary mechanistic investigation of diptericin, an 82 residue glycopeptide that contains regions similar to two different types of antibacterial peptides. A revised, highly practical synthesis of the precursor N(alpha)-Fmoc-Thr(Ac(3)-alpha-D-GalNAc) allowed us to produce sufficient quantities of the glycopeptide for mechanistic assays. The synthetic, full-length polypeptide proved to be active in growth inhibition assays with an IC(50) of approximately 250 nM, a concentration similar to that found in the insect hemolymph. Biological analysis of diptericin fragments indicated that the main determinant of antibacterial activity lay in the C-terminal region that is similar to the attacin peptides, although the N-terminal segment, related to the proline-rich family of antibacterial peptides, augmented that activity by 100-fold. In all assays, activity appeared glycosylation independent. Circular dichroism of unglycosylated diptericin indicated that the peptide lacked structure both in plain buffer and in the presence of liposomes. Diptericin increased the permeability of the outer and inner membranes of Escherichia coli D22 cells, suggesting possible mechanisms of action. The ability to access glycopeptides of this type through chemical synthesis will facilitate further mechanistic studies.
CVD of MgO from a Mg(β-ketoiminate)2: Preparation, Characterization, and Utilization of an Intramolecularly Stabilized, Highly Volatile, Thermally Robust Precursor (2000)

Dibutylmagnesium reacts with 2 equivalents of 5-N-(N,N-dimethylaminopropyl)-2,2,7-trimethyl-3-octanone in THF to afford the homoleptic bis(β-ketoiminate) compound 2. Its molecular structure, determined by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction technique, exhibits a six-coordinate magnesium atom surrounded by four nitrogen and two oxygen atoms in an octahedral environment. Compound 2 crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1¯, a = 9.3288(5) Å, b = 9.8151(5) Å, c = 10.4592(6) Å, α = 65.2870(10)°, β = 85.524(2)°, γ = 83.568(2)°, V = 863.97(8) Å3, Z = 1, Dc = 1.075 g cm–3. Refinement of 2436 independent reflections converged to residual values of R1 = 3.16 % and Rw = 8.05 %. Employment of 2 in CVD experiments carried out on a silicon substrate at a temperature of 450 °C under an inert atmosphere of argon resulted in the deposition of magnesium oxide, as determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The films were granular in nature, as indicated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Application of PLC in Furnace Temperature Control System (2004)

A programmable control relayeasyand its features are introduced;the examples of its application in rebuilding of the control system for furnace are described.The focal point is on the analysis and explanation of the control scheme and the structure of software and hardware.
Chemically modifiable N-heterocycle-functionalized polycarbonates as a platform for diverse smart biomimetic nanomaterials (2014)

A series of aliphatic polycarbonates bearing pendant N-heterocycles serves as a common platform towards diverse biodegradable nanomaterials.
Rapid determination of moisture/solids and fat in dairy products by microwave and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. (2005)

A peer-verified method is presented for the determination of percent moisture/solids and fat in dairy products by microwave drying and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. The method involves determining the moisture/solids content of dairy samples by microwave drying and using the dried sample to determine the fat content by NMR analysis. Both the submitting and peer laboratories analyzed various dairy products by using a CEM SMART system (moisture) and the SMART Trac (fat). The samples included milks, creams, ice cream mix, sour cream, yogurt, cream cheese, and mozzarella, Swiss, and cheddar cheeses. These samples represented a range of products that processors deal with in daily plant operations. The results were compared with moisture/solids and fat values derived from AOAC-approved methods.
Immortalization of CD4<sup>+</sup>and CD8<sup>+</sup>T Lymphocytes by Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Tax Mutants Expressed in a Functional Molecular Clone (1999)

The human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) transcriptional trans-activator Tax has been demonstrated to have transforming activity in multiple cell culture and transgenic-mouse models. In addition to activating transcription from the viral long terminal repeat (LTR) through the cyclic AMP response element binding protein/activating transcription factor (CREB/ATF) family of transcription factors, Tax activates the expression of multiple cellular promoters through the NF-kappaB pathway of transcriptional activation. The Tax mutants M22 and M47 have previously been demonstrated to selectively abrogate the ability of Tax to activate transcription through the NF-kappaB or CREB/ATF pathway, respectively. These mutations were introduced in the tax gene of the ACH functional molecular clone of HTLV-1, and virus produced from the mutant ACH clones was examined for the ability to replicate and immortalize primary human lymphocytes. While virus derived from the clone containing the M47 mutation retained the ability to immortalize T lymphocytes, the M22 mutant lost the ability to immortalize infected cells. These results indicate that activation of the CREB/ATF pathway by Tax is dispensable for the immortalization of T cells by HTLV-1, whereas activation of the NF-kappaB pathway may be critical.
DNA punch cards for storing data on native DNA sequences via enzymatic nicking (2020)

Synthetic DNA-based data storage systems have received significant attention due to the promise of ultrahigh storage density and long-term stability. However, all known platforms suffer from high cost, read-write latency and error-rates that render them noncompetitive with modern storage devices. One means to avoid the above problems is using readily available native DNA. As the sequence content of native DNA is fixed, one can modify the topology instead to encode information. Here, we introduce DNA punch cards, a macromolecular storage mechanism in which data is written in the form of nicks at predetermined positions on the backbone of native double-stranded DNA. The platform accommodates parallel nicking on orthogonal DNA fragments and enzymatic toehold creation that enables single-bit random-access and in-memory computations. We use Pyrococcus furiosus Argonaute to punch files into the PCR products of Escherichia coli genomic DNA and accurately reconstruct the encoded data through high-throughput sequencing and read alignment.
A nonlinear algorithm for output power maximization of an indoor adaptive phased array (1995)

An adaptive receiving phased-array antenna is considered as one of the desirable features of the next generation of personal wireless indoor system. Such a feature will render this communication system much less sensitive to the signal fluctuations due to multipath propagation. This paper presents a prototype adaptive phased array based on an original nonlinear method. This adaptive algorithm which uses as performance criterion the maximization of the array output power to adjust a phase angle, is developed and applied to antenna system in order to control automatically its directivity pattern. Numerical results for a linear eight element array are presented. To test the algorithm experimentally, an eight element 20-GHz array, constructed using horn antennas and analog phase shifters, was used. The results obtained so far with such an array are discussed in the context of its eventual, implementation in MHMIC.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A wavelength-scaled ultra-wide bandwidth array (2009)

An ultra-wideband antenna array design concept is presented that achieves the same functionality of traditional single-element-based ultra-wideband arrays using multiple elements that are scaled in size from the base high-frequency element, resulting in significantly fewer elements overall. This novel array design leads to a significant reduction in weight and most importantly - a significant reduction in the cost to construct hardware and electronics; all while maintaining the same performance capacity of a traditional wideband antenna array.
A flexible and secure multicast architecture for ATM networks (2002)

We describe our unifying architecture for multipoint-to-multipoint communications in ATM networks which meets the diverse requirement of group communications and permit a large degree of control on the multicast group. With an integrated use of a name space, the scheme allows scalable extension to large scale wide area multicast communications. We also enable flexible control o of the routing architecture and group membership. We consider a security service to be a fundamental element of multicast communication. A framework of a multicast authority and multicast coordination center is used to provide the dynamic group management and membership support, with a integrated security mechanism for flexible group access. The implementation experience of this architecture on the XUNET wide area ATM testbed is also discussed.
Gradient Matching Generative Networks for Zero-Shot Learning (2019)

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) is one of the most promising problems where substantial progress can potentially be achieved through unsupervised learning, due to distributional differences between supervised and zero-shot classes. For this reason, several works investigate the incorporation of discriminative domain adaptation techniques into ZSL, which, however, lead to modest improvements in ZSL accuracy. In contrast, we propose a generative model that can naturally learn from unsupervised examples, and synthesize training examples for unseen classes purely based on their class embeddings, and therefore, reduce the zero-shot learning problem into a supervised classification task. The proposed approach consists of two important components: (i) a conditional Generative Adversarial Network that learns to produce samples that mimic the characteristics of unsupervised data examples, and (ii) the Gradient Matching (GM) loss that measures the quality of the gradient signal obtained from the synthesized examples. Using our GM loss formulation, we enforce the generator to produce examples from which accurate classifiers can be trained. Experimental results on several ZSL benchmark datasets show that our approach leads to significant improvements over the state of the art in generalized zero-shot classification.
A maximum power point tracking circuit of thermoelectric generators without digital controllers (2010)

A digital coreless maximum power point tracking (MPPT) circuit for thermoelectric generator unit is proposed and fabricated. The experimental and simulation results from the proposed MPPT circuit dealt with rapid variation of temperature and abrupt changes of load current have shown that the proposed method allows stable operation with high power transfer efficiency. The proposed MPPT circuit has a merit in cost and miniaturization of a system compared to conventional MPPT algorithms thanks to an analog tracking circuit without digital controller unit for calculating peak power point by iterative methods.