gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Robo1 Forms a Compact Dimer-of-Dimers Assembly (2018)

Roundabout (Robo) receptors provide an essential repulsive cue in neuronal development following Slit ligand binding. This important signaling pathway can also be hijacked in numerous cancers, making Slit-Robo an attractive therapeutic target. However, little is known about how Slit binding mediates Robo activation. Here we present the crystal structure of Robo1 Ig1-4 and Robo1 Ig5, together with a negative stain electron microscopy reconstruction of the Robo1 ectodomain. These results show how the Robo1 ectodomain is arranged as compact dimers, mainly mediated by the central Ig domains, which can further interact in a "back-to-back" fashion to generate a tetrameric assembly. We also observed no change in Robo1 oligomerization upon interaction with the dimeric Slit2-N ligand using fluorescent imaging. Taken together with previous studies we propose that Slit2-N binding results in a conformational change of Robo1 to trigger cell signaling.
Coordinating antigen cytosolic delivery and danger signaling to program potent cross-priming by micelle-based nanovaccine (2017)

Abstract Although re-activating cytotoxic T-cell (CTLs) response inside tumor tissues by checkpoint blockade has demonstrated great success in tumor immunotherapy, active induction of efficient endogenous CTL response by therapeutic vaccines has been largely hampered by inefficient cytosolic delivery of antigens and coordinated activation of dendritic cells (DCs) in lymph nodes. Here we show that polyethylene glycol-phosphatidylethanolamine (PEG-PE) micelles transform soluble peptides into α-helix to enable their efficient cytosolic delivery. The same PEG-PE micelles also serve as chaperon of TLR4 signaling to coordinate its adjuvant effect on the same DCs. Furthermore, these nanovaccines effectively target lymph node DCs. Thus, PEG-PE micelle vaccines program at multiple key aspects for inducing strong CTL responses and build up a foundation for combinational tumor therapy.
<title>Predictive engineering for aging infrastructure</title> (1999)

This paper presents an overview of the emerging field of predictive engineering. This is an integrated approach to life-cycle analysis, system monitoring, and management and usable-life prediction that is built on life assurance methodologies, measurements, data analysis and the application of predictive models applied to critical structures and systems. The science and technology that is now becoming predictive engineering has been developing over a period of nearly 30 years. Research is currently in progress to develop predictive engineering for application to critical defense infrastructure and systems, including units in the national conventional munitions stockpile, and to extend its application to elements in the critical national infrastructure.
A Key Volume Mining Deep Framework for Action Recognition (2016)

Recently, deep learning approaches have demonstrated remarkable progresses for action recognition in videos. Most existing deep frameworks equally treat every volume i.e. spatial-temporal video clip, and directly assign a video label to all volumes sampled from it. However, within a video, discriminative actions may occur sparsely in a few key volumes, and most other volumes are irrelevant to the labeled action category. Training with a large proportion of irrelevant volumes will hurt performance. To address this issue, we propose a key volume mining deep framework to identify key volumes and conduct classification simultaneously. Specifically, our framework is trained is optimized in an alternative way integrated to the forward and backward stages of Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD). In the forward pass, our network mines key volumes for each action class. In the backward pass, it updates network parameters with the help of these mined key volumes. In addition, we propose "Stochastic out" to model key volumes from multi-modalities, and an effective yet simple "unsupervised key volume proposal" method for high quality volume sampling. Our experiments show that action recognition performance can be significantly improved by mining key volumes, and we achieve state-of-the-art performance on HMDB51 and UCF101 (93.1%).
Quadrupolar magnetic actuation of superparamagnetic particles for enhanced microfluidic perfusion (2009)

We report on the magnetic actuation of superparamagnetic particles in a microfluidic channel. The formation of a highly confined and dynamic plug of particles extending over the cross section of the microchannel is enabled by superposing a static and a time-varying magnetic field. The latter is generated by an electromagnet and focused across the microchannel using microstructured soft magnetic tips. Finite element calculations of the magnetic force distribution do compare well with experiments. Our system allows maximizing the exposure of superparamagnetic particles to a microfluidic flow of interest for integrated lab-on-a-chip applications.
Quantification of venous reflux by means of some duplex scanner and light reflection rheography parameters and its correlation with chronic venous insufficiency symptoms. (2000)

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important outcome from the perspective of boys with haemophilia and their parents. Few studies have captured the HRQoL of boys with haemophilia in developing countries. This article reports on the cross-cultural adaptation of the Canadian Haemophilia Outcomes - Kids Life Assessment Tool (CHO-KLAT) for use in São Paulo, Brazil. The CHO-KLAT(2.0) was translated into Portuguese, and then translated back into English. The original English and back-translation versions were compared by a group of three clinicians, whose first language was Portuguese. The resulting Portuguese version was assessed through a series of cognitive debriefing interviews with children and their parents. This process identified concepts that were not clear and revised items to ensure appropriate understanding through an iterative process. The initial back-translation was not discrepant from the original English version. We made changes to 66% of the CHO-KLAT(2.0) items based on clinical expert review and 26% of the items based on cognitive debriefings. In addition, two new items were added to the final Portuguese version to reflect the local cultural context. The final result had good face validity. This process was found to be extremely valuable in ensuring the items were accurately interpreted by the boys/parents in São Paulo Brazil. The results suggest that professional translators, clinical experts and cognitive debriefing are all required to achieve a culturally appropriate instrument. The Portuguese CHO-KLAT(2.0) is well understood by Sao Paulo boys/parents. The next step will be to test its validity and reliability locally.
High-Molecular-Weight Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (1993)

These results suggest a role for high-molecular-weight hydroxypropylmethylcellulose in the clinical treatment of mild hypercholesterolemia.
High-dilution synthesis of macrocyclic polycatecholates (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHigh-dilution synthesis of macrocyclic polycatecholatesSteven J. Rodgers, Chiu Yuen Ng, and Kenneth N. RaymondCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 13, 4094–4095Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00299a065https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00299a065research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views625Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Paul and Sexuality (2020)

Abstract This chapter considers the topic, only raised in relatively recent intellectual history, of the apostle Paul and sexuality. First, it considers a number of common claims about Paul and sexuality for which there is in fact no historical evidence: that Paul held a ‘healthy’ modern view of sex, that Paul had a psycho-sexual dysfunction, that Paul had an early sexual trauma, that Paul was gay, and more. From there, the chapter builds a constructive case for what we can say about Paul and sexuality, beginning by identifying the relevant historical sources, then considering Paul’s identity as an apocalyptic Jew in the diaspora, then looking at key evidence from 1 Thessalonians, 1 Corinthians, and Romans, in turn, then considering the crucial question of the meaning of Greek porneia, and finally touching on developments in the Pauline tradition after the death of the apostle. It is argued that early Christian interpreters managed to find both a pro-household and an anti-household Paul in their readings of Paul’s letters.
Plasma metabolomics identified novel metabolites associated with risk of type 2 diabetes in two prospective cohorts of Chinese adults (2016)

We confirmed the association of alanine, phenylalanine and tyrosine with future T2D risk and further identified palmitoylcarnitine as a novel metabolic marker of incident T2D in two prospective cohorts of Chinese adults. Our findings might provide new aetiological insight into the development of T2D.
Deleted interpolation and density sharing for continuous hidden Markov models (2002)

As one of the most powerful smoothing techniques, deleted interpolation has been widely used in both discrete and semi-continuous hidden Markov model (HMM) based speech recognition systems. For continuous HMMs, most smoothing techniques are carried out on the parameters themselves such as Gaussian mean or covariance parameters. HMMs this paper, we propose to smooth the probability density values instead of the parameters of continuous HMMs. This allows us to use most of the existing smoothing techniques for both discrete and continuous HMMs. We also point out that our deleted interpolation can be regarded as a parameter sharing technique. We further generalize this sharing to the probability density function (PDF) level, in which each PDF becomes a basic unit and can be freely shared across any Markov state. For a wide range of dictation experiments, deleted interpolation reduced the word error rate-by 11% to 23% over other simple parameter smoothing techniques like flooring. Generic PDF sharing further reduced the error rate by 3%.
Automated adaptive control of the reflow soldering of electronic assemblies (2002)

This paper describes a new technique for the monitoring and automated control of the reflow soldering process. The new technique combines state of the art infra-red (IR) sensor technology, coupled with application specific process control software, to provide a unique capability to both monitor actual product temperatures during the soldering process and to use this information to modify the process settings. The development of techniques to allow rapid variation of the heat transfer from the oven to the in-process Printed Circuit Assemblies (PCAs) allows the system to automatically adjust the soldering oven's process settings for each individual PCA passing through it. This product-by-product profiling facilitates the assurance of consistent thermal histories and also allows the oven to optimise its energy consumption to the demands of each product. Archiving of the reflow temperature profiles also provides full traceability to the reflow process. The incorporation of IR sensing technology also aids in determining/verifying the oven profile at the introduction of new PCA designs. This paper presents an overview of the construction and operation of the system and outlines the technical challenges that have been met and overcome.
Diagnostic Evaluation of a Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase PCR Assay for Detection of Classical Swine Fever Virus (2005)

A fluorogenic-probe hydrolysis (TaqMan)-reverse transcriptase (RT) PCR for classical swine fever virus (CSFV) was evaluated for diagnostic sensitivity and specificity by using clinical samples obtained from the Dominican Republic, where the disease is enzootic. The sensitivity of this test, using nasal swab samples taken from both symptomatic and asymptomatic animals, exceeded the diagnostic sensitivity of virus isolation (100% versus 72.4%, respectively) with little loss of specificity (98.9% versus 100%, respectively). At the herd level, three of four infected farms were identified by virus isolation, while the CSFV real-time RT-PCR assay identified all four infected premises. This simple and accurate test permits rapid detection of CSFV in affected herds.
Textile Dyes: Dyeing Process and Environmental Impact (2013)

Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Pharmaceut Sci Ribeirao Preto, Dept Clin Toxicol & Bromatol Anal, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
Analysis of Micro-Reflector 3-D Optical Disc Recording (2006)

In a volumetric optical disc medium, two counter-propagating light beams focusing to the same point create a diffraction-limited size micro-reflector. We propose a single-sided optical layout for a three-dimensional optical disc recording system using the micro-reflectors. Calculation results of readout signal characteristics, estimation of interlayer crosstalk noise, and recording capacity of micro-reflector three-dimensional optical disc recording are described
Cytokines of Birds: Conserved Functions—A Largely Different Look (2001)

Targeted disruptions of the mouse genes for cytokines, cytokine receptors, or components of cytokine signaling cascades convincingly revealed the important roles of these molecules in immunologic processes. Cytokines are used at present as drugs to fight chronic microbial infections and cancer in humans, and they are being evaluated as immune response modifiers to improve vaccines. Until recently, only a few avian cytokines have been characterized, and potential applications thus have remained limited to mammals. Classic approaches to identify cytokine genes in birds proved difficult because sequence conservation is generally low. As new technology and high throughput sequencing became available, this situation changed quickly. We review here recent work that led to the identification of genes for the avian homologs of interferon-alpha/beta (IFN-alpha/beta) and IFN-gamma, various interleukins (IL), and several chemokines. From the initial data on the biochemical properties of these molecules, a picture is emerging that shows that avian and mammalian cytokines may perform similar tasks, although their primary structures in most cases are remarkably different.
Effect of the Wire Temperature on the Weld Formation in GMAW (2013)

An arc-preheating wire GMAW process is proposed in this paper. The welding wire is preheated by a TIG arc to enhance the wire melting. As a result, the welding current is decrease. So the improved GMAW process is aimed at high efficiency welding with a low level heat input. In this paper, the welding system is designed. The wire temperature is measured by a pyrometer. The preheating current effect on the wire temperature is analyzed. In addition, the influence of the wire temperature on the weld current and weld formation are analyzed compared with conventional GMAW. The results show that the preheated wire can significantly enhance the wire melting. By increasing the temperature of the welding wire, the welding current decrease and the heat input of the base metal reduce accordingly. The shallow penetration and large reinforcement height are obtained at the arc-preheating wire GMAW process.
Increased brain atrophy rates in cognitively normal older adults with low cerebrospinal fluid Aβ1‐42 (2010)

A significant percentage of healthy older adults have CSF profiles consistent with AD and increased rates of brain atrophy, suggesting that they may be in the earliest stages of neurodegeneration. Brain atrophy may be a feasible outcome measure for AD prevention studies.
Subcarrier Resource Optimization for Cooperated Multipoint Transmission (2010)

The concept of Cooperated Multipoint (CoMP) transmission is proposed for LTE-Advanced, which is in a form of distributed networks. In this background, a novel CoMP architecture is proposed in this paper, based on Group Cell concept in China FuTURE 4G TDD systems. Moreover, four actual scenarios are also concluded in CoMP, which, respectively, are single user in intracell, multiple users in intracell, single user in intercell and slide handover in intercell. In addition, a joint subcarrier optimization method is proposed to mitigate the intercell interference and improve performance under CoMP architecture; the method includes two aspects, which, respectively, are subcarrier allocation with maximum gain to interference plus noise ratio (GINR) and power allocation based on balanced signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR). On this basis, three combined schemes are presented in simulation. Compared with traditional scheme, the proposed scheme improves throughputs and reduces blocking probability. Moreover, the average data rates in cell edge are also raised.
Functional evolution of the pregnane X receptor (2006)

The pregnane X receptor (PXR; NR1I2) is a nuclear hormone receptor (NR) that transcriptionally regulates genes encoding transporters and drug-metabolising enzymes in the liver and intestine. PXR activation leads to enhanced metabolism and elimination of xenobiotics and endogenous compounds such as hormones and bile salts. Relative to other vertebrate NRs, PXR has the broadest specificity for ligand activators by virtue of a large, flexible ligand-binding cavity. In addition, PXR has the most extensive sequence diversity across vertebrate species in the ligand-binding domain of any NR, with significant pharmacological differences between human and rodent PXRs, and especially marked divergence between mammalian and nonmammalian PXRs. The unusual properties of PXR complicate the use of in silico and animal models to predict in vivo human PXR pharmacology. Research into the evolutionary history of the PXR gene has also provided insight into the function of PXR in humans and other animals.
Fuzzy intelligent hybrid system application to routing control in telecommunication networks (2002)

The authors propose an intelligent hybrid system architecture for real-time routing control in multipriority telecommunication networks. The intelligent hybrid system (IHS) architecture integrates the computational paradigms of an expert system and a neural network. The expert system component of IHS is a fuzzy expert system that allows for uncertainty management. The learning capability of the system is provided by the integrated neural network. The transfer of knowledge between the fuzzy expert system and the neural network is bidirectional so that the neural network is used to acquire new knowledge from the environment whereas the fuzzy expert system makes use of knowledge it had already acquired. Therefore, the fuzzy expert system relieves the neural network from learning things already known.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
User Group Analytics Survey and Research Opportunities (2019)

User data can be acquired from various domains and is characterized by a combination of demographics such as age and occupation, and user actions such as rating a movie or recording one's blood pressure. User data is appealing to analysts in their role as data scientists who seek to conduct large-scale population studies, and gain insights on various population segments. It is also appealing to users in their role as information consumers who use the social Web for routine tasks such as finding a book club or choosing a physical activity. User data analytics usually relies on identifying group-level behaviors such as “Asian women who publish regularly in databases”. Group analytics addresses peculiarities of user data such as noise and sparsity to enable insights. In this survey, we discuss different approaches for each component of user group analytics, i.e., discovery, exploration, and visualization. We focus on related work which arises from combining those components. We also discuss challenges and future directions of having an all-in-one system, where all those components are combined. This survey has been presented in the form of two tutorials [1] , [2].
CXCR5, the Defining Marker for Follicular B Helper T (TFH) Cells (2015)

The discovery of follicular B helper T (T FH ) cells has its roots in the early 90s, the "childhood" of chemokine research that has since grown into an independent, global specialty within immunology. The class of chemoattractant proteins with shared structural features was named "chemokines, " and early work with non-chemokine (FMLP, C5a) and chemokine (IL-8/CXCL8) receptors revealed that chemokine receptors belong to the large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) distinguished by their prototypical seven-transmembrane protein architecture. The search for novel chemokines and their receptors greatly intensified during that time, because it became increasingly clear that this novel cytokine system is essential for controlling immune cell mobilization and tissue localization and, hence, for controlling the entirety of immune processes in health and disease. Molecular identification of chemokine receptors led to the identification of immune cells that responded to the corresponding chemokine ligands and allowed their tracking during acute and chronic immune responses. At the last count, the inventory of chemokine receptors that, together with adhesion receptors, make up the address codes on human immune cells includes 18 individual members recognizing one or multiple of a total of 45 chemokines. Further underscoring the complexity of the chemokine system, we also know of six atypical chemokine receptors, some of which control chemokine positioning and degradation.
Optical absorption of torus-shaped metal nanoparticles in the visible range (2007)

We theoretically and experimentally investigated the optical response of a thin metal nanotorus in the visible range. The close formulas describing the extinction cross sections of a torus are obtained in the nonretarded approximation. We demonstrate a good agreement between numerical simulations and experimental data. Our findings show that the main resonance is highly sensitive to the external medium and the geometrical parameters of the particle.
Improved ferroelectric behavior in (110) oriented BiFeO3 thin films (2010)

Multiferroic BiFeO3 thin films were grown on LaNiO3-buffered Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si substrates by off-axis radio frequency magnetic sputtering, where (110) oriented texture was obtained. The LaNiO3 buffer layer promoted the growth of BiFeO3 film, resulting in a dense texture and columnar growth of BiFeO3 thin films. The BiFeO3 thin film exhibits 2Pr∼145.8 μC/cm2 and 2Ec∼573.5 kV/cm, together with a very low dielectric loss (0.80% at 10 kHz) and an almost fatigue-free behavior at 500 kHz up to 1010 switching cycles. The 2Pr value is comparable to the reported value of the BiFeO3 deposited on the SrTiO3(110) substrate. While a weak ferromagnetism is demonstrated for the multiferroic thin film at room temperature, the low leakage current and high (110) orientation contribute toward the improved ferroelectric behavior. The BFO thin film with a giant remanent polarization and a fatigue-free behavior promises a candidate material for high-temperature ferroelectric random access memory.