gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Analysis of Shared Loci between Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Sixteen Autoimmune Diseases Reveals Limited Genetic Overlap (2011)

In spite of the well-known clustering of multiple autoimmune disorders in families, analyses of specific shared genes and polymorphisms between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other autoimmune diseases (ADs) have been limited. Therefore, we comprehensively tested autoimmune variants for association with SLE, aiming to identify pleiotropic genetic associations between these diseases. We compiled a list of 446 non-Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) variants identified in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of populations of European ancestry across 17 ADs. We then tested these variants in our combined Caucasian SLE cohorts of 1,500 cases and 5,706 controls. We tested a subset of these polymorphisms in an independent Caucasian replication cohort of 2,085 SLE cases and 2,854 controls, allowing the computation of a meta-analysis between all cohorts. We have uncovered novel shared SLE loci that passed multiple comparisons adjustment, including the VTCN1 (rs12046117, P = 2.02×10(-06)) region. We observed that the loci shared among the most ADs include IL23R, OLIG3/TNFAIP3, and IL2RA. Given the lack of a universal autoimmune risk locus outside of the MHC and variable specificities for different diseases, our data suggests partial pleiotropy among ADs. Hierarchical clustering of ADs suggested that the most genetically related ADs appear to be type 1 diabetes with rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease with ulcerative colitis. These findings support a relatively distinct genetic susceptibility for SLE. For many of the shared GWAS autoimmune loci, we found no evidence for association with SLE, including IL23R. Also, several established SLE loci are apparently not associated with other ADs, including the ITGAM-ITGAX and TNFSF4 regions. This study represents the most comprehensive evaluation of shared autoimmune loci to date, supports a relatively distinct non-MHC genetic susceptibility for SLE, provides further evidence for previously and newly identified shared genes in SLE, and highlights the value of studies of potentially pleiotropic genes in autoimmune diseases.
On the reduced-complexity of LDPC decoders for ultra-high-speed optical transmission (2010)

We propose two reduced-complexity (RC) LDPC decoders, which can be used in combination with large-girth LDPC codes to enable ultra-high-speed serial optical transmission. We show that optimally attenuated RC min-sum sum algorithm performs only 0.46 dB (at BER of 10(-9)) worse than conventional sum-product algorithm, while having lower storage memory requirements and much lower latency. We further study the use of RC LDPC decoding algorithms in multilevel coded modulation with coherent detection and show that with RC decoding algorithms we can achieve the net coding gain larger than 11 dB at BERs below 10(-9).
Convergent and Biomimetic Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (−)-Communesin F (2016)

The first biomimetic enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-communesin F based on a late-stage heterodimerization and aminal exchange is described. Our synthesis features the expedient diazene-directed assembly of two advanced fragments to secure the congested C3a-C3a' linkage in three steps, followed by a highly efficient biogenetically inspired aminal reorganization to access the heptacyclic communesin core in only two additional steps. Enantioselective syntheses of the two fragments were developed, with highlights including the catalytic asymmetric halocyclization and diastereoselective oxyamination reactions of tryptamine derivatives, a stereoselective sulfinimine allylation, and an efficient cyclotryptamine-C3a-sulfamate synthesis by either a new silver-promoted nucleophilic amination or a rhodium-catalyzed C-H amination protocol. The versatile syntheses of the fragments, their stereocontrolled assembly, and the efficient aminal exchange as supported by in situ monitoring experiments, in addition to the final stage N1'-acylation of the communesin core, provide a highly convergent synthesis of (-)-communesin F.
Picosecond optical sampling (1980)

A high speed sampling technique is proposed using a cascade of optical waveguide interferometers driven by CW sinusoidal traveling or standing microwaves. Each interferometer multiplies the optical signal by a function closely approximated by <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\cos^{4} \omegat</tex> , where ω is the frequency of its microwave drive. A cascade of four interferometers with 2.6 V microwave drives at 10, 20, 40, and 80 GHz and a total length of 2 cm can sample an optical signal with 2 ps resolution and 50 ps between samples. The sampler might be used in a picosecond sampling oscilloscope or in experiments requiring a jitter-free train of identical pulses.
Improved modelling of the magneto-optic angular displacement sensor (2007)

An improved model for simulations of the reflected intensity of the new magneto-optic angular displacement sensor for measuring small angular and spatial displacements of the surfaces of a material is presented. In this model, the diameter of the laser beam is taken into account which allows accurate description of the experimental response of the sensor. It was also confirmed that the differential changes in time dependence of intensity, not its absolute value, could serve as a parameter for estimation of the amount of rotation of the sample surface.
Mixed Multiscale Finite Volume Method for Reservoir Simulation in Porous Media with Non Local Features (2011)

Abstract Multiscale finite volume (MsFV) methods have been successfully applied to solving reservoir simulation problems with localized high heterogeneity (i.e., separable scales), but the accuracy decreases when this is not possible (non-separable scales and long-range features). We develop a mixed multiscale finite volume method (MMsFV) on a uniform mesh that can use global information in order to improve the accuracy and the robustness of the multiscale simulations of fluid flows in porous media with non-local features. Our development starts with the observation that multi-point flux approximation (MPFA) methods implicitly approximate the velocity and therefore any multiscale generalization also has to do the same. MsFV uses multiscale approximation of the pressure and piecewise constant approximation of the velocity. The novelty of the mixed MsFV method is the explicit approximation of the velocity. We construct a new multiscale basis for the velocity and approximate the pressure with piecewise constants. The velocity basis functions can be calculated with either local information (local mixed MsFV) or global information (global mixed MsFV). We demonstrate the improved accuracy of the global mixed MsFV compared to the local version on several problems including the SPE 10 comparative solution problem. The error of the global mixed MsFV is usually much smaller than the error of the local method when porous media exhibit non-local features. Using the same framework and the extra flexibility of the two approximation spaces other mixed multiscale finite volume methods can be derived including extensions to unstructured meshes.
Metallo-Carbohedrenes [M <sub>8</sub> C <sub>12</sub> <sup>+</sup> (M = V, Zr, Hf, and Ti)]: A Class of Stable Molecular Cluster Ions (1992)

Findings of magic peaks corresponding to M(8)C(12)(+) (M = V, Zr, and Hf) formed from reactions of the respective metals with various small hydrocarbons, in conjunction with recent findings for the titanium system, establish metallo-carbohedrenes as a stable general class of molecular cluster ions. A dodecahedral structure of T(h) point symmetry accounts for the stability of these ionic clusters.
Allergen Delivery Inhibitors: Characterisation of Potent and Selective Inhibitors of Der p 1 and Their Attenuation of Airway Responses to House Dust Mite Allergens (2018)

Group 1 allergens of house dust mites (HDM) are globally significant triggers of allergic disease. They are considered as initiator allergens because their protease activity enables the development of allergy to a spectrum of unrelated allergens from various sources. This initiator-perpetuator function identifies Group 1 HDM allergens as attractive drug design targets for the first small-molecule approach directed towards a non-human, root cause trigger of allergic disease. The purpose of this study was to: (i) identify exemplar inhibitors of these allergens using Der p 1 as a design template, and (ii) characterise the pharmacological profiles of these compounds using in vitro and in vivo models relevant to allergy. Potent inhibitors representing four different chemotypes and differentiated by mechanism of action were investigated. These compounds prevented the ab initio development of allergy to the full spectrum of HDM allergens and in established allergy they inhibited the recruitment of inflammatory cells and blunted acute allergic bronchoconstriction following aerosol challenge with the full HDM allergen repertoire. Collectively, the data obtained in these experiments demonstrate that the selective pharmacological targeting of Der p 1 achieves an attractive range of benefits against exposure to all HDM allergens, consistent with the initiator-perpetuator function of this allergen.
Comparison of the reflectance characteristics of polytetrafluoroethylene and barium sulfate paints (1984)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Cyrus L. Butner, John B. Schutt, and Michael C. Shai, "Comparison of the reflectance characteristics of polytetrafluoroethylene and barium sulfate paints," Appl. Opt. 23, 1139-1140 (1984) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Surge characteristics and protection of distribution transformers. Final report (1984)

The purpose of this article is to provide the dental hygienist with an understanding of potential drug interactions that can occur between the antimicrobial agent, erythromycin, and other medications. Erythromycin is the drug-of-choice against oral infections and to prevent infective endocarditis in patients who are allergic to penicillin. Erythromycin has the potential to interact with many medications by inhibiting drug metabolism in the liver. Several reports and controlled studies have shown that erythromycin may interact with theophylline, carbamazepine, cyclosporin, tacrolimus, warfarin, digoxin, terfenadine, astemazole, cisapride, lovastatin, triazolam, and disopyramide. During data collection, the hygienist can identify potential drug interactions with erythromycin. The majority of these interactions can be safely managed by using another antimicrobial with a similar spectrum of activity. If this cannot be done, the patient's physician should be consulted.
Anatomy-based registration of CT-scan and intraoperative X-ray images for guiding a surgical robot (1998)

We describe new methods for rigid registration of a preoperative computed tomography (CT)-scan image to a set of intraoperative X-ray fluoroscopic images, for guiding a surgical robot to its trajectory planned from CT. Our goal is to perform the registration, i.e., compute a rotation and translation of one data set with respect to the other to within a prescribed accuracy, based upon bony anatomy only, without external fiducial markers. With respect to previous approaches, the following aspects are new: 1) we correct the geometric distortion in fluoroscopic images and calibrate them directly with respect to the robot by affixing to it a new calibration device designed as a radiolucent rod with embedded metallic markers, and by moving the device along two planes, while radiographs are being acquired at regular intervals; 2) the registration uses an algorithm for computing the best transformation between a set of lines in three space, the (intraoperative) X-ray paths, and a set of points on the surface of the bone (imaged preoperatively), in a statistically robust fashion, using the Cayley parameterization of a rotation; and 3) to find corresponding sets of points to the X-ray paths on the surfaces, our new approach consists of extracting the surface apparent contours for a given viewpoint, as a set of closed three-dimensional nonplanar curves, before registering the apparent contours to X-ray paths. Aside from algorithms, there are a number of major technical difficulties associated with engineering a clinically viable system using anatomy and image-based registration. To detect and solve them, we have so far conducted two experiments with the surgical robot in an operating room (OR), using CT and fluoroscopic image data of a cadaver bone, and attempting to faithfully simulate clinical conditions. Such experiments indicate that intraoperative X-ray-based registration is a promising alternative to marker-based registration for clinical use with our proposed method.
Assignment of a gene(s) conferring apomixis in<i>Tripsacum</i>to a chromosome arm: cytological and molecular evidence (1996)

Attempts are underway to locate and transfer genes conferring diplosporous apomixis from Tripsacum to maize. The objective of this study was to evaluate several apomictic and sexual maize-Tripsacum hybrids for the presence or absence of Tripsacum chromosomes, PCR-RAPD generated markers, and RFLP markers that would have an association with apomictic development. Cytological and molecular analysis resulted in the identification of the Tripsacum chromosome arm carrying the gene(s) conferring diplosporous apomixis. Evaluations made on apomictic sexually derived maize + Tripsacum addition lines and an apomictic line possessing a Mz6L-Tr16L translocation were used to establish the location of the gene(s). Results of the study indicate that the successful transfer of a single Tripsacum chromosome is all that is necessary to maintain apomictic reproduction in a maize background. Additional use of this material may facilitate the development of an apomictic maize prototype and the eventual isolation of the gene(s).
Multi-Rate Transmission in Orthogonal Code Hopping Multiplexing (2005)

Collision-based hopping multiplexing was previously proposed with names of orthogonal code hopping multiplexing (OCHM) and orthogonal frequency hopping multiplexing (OFHM). A major performance measure of these schemes is collision probability, which is closely related to block error rate performance in receiver. In this paper, we analyze the code-collision probability of OCHM in a multi-rate transmission environment, while all previous works assumed a single-rate transmission in which all downlink channels have the same data rate. For verification, we perform multi-user simulations in a transmitter, and compare the analytical results with simulation ones.
Nature s Packaging: Using Bio-Inspired Liposomes for Rapid, High Efficiency Mixing in Microfluidic Systems (2003)

We present the use of bio-inspired thermally triggered liposomes for the controlled delivery and rapid mixing of reagents in microfluidic systems. Similar to biology, where reagents are sequestered in vesicles until an external trigger actuates their release, we encapsulate reagents inside the aqueous interior of liposomes and trigger their release through the modulation of temperature in a microchannel. The release temperature is tunable based on liposome formulation, enabling sequential programmed activation and reaction. Mimicking the native environment and behavioral response of the biological cell through the liposome enables control and trafficking motifs similar to those used in biology.
Hydroboration. 88. Borane-1,4-thioxane. A new, convenient hydroborating agent for the preparation of representative borane reagents (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydroboration. 88. Borane-1,4-thioxane. A new, convenient hydroborating agent for the preparation of representative borane reagentsHerbert C. Brown and Arun K. MandalCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 18, 4970–4976Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00044a036https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00044a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views815Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
End-to-End Text-Dependent Speaker Verification (2015)

In this paper we present a data-driven, integrated approach to speaker verification, which maps a test utterance and a few reference utterances directly to a single score for verification and jointly optimizes the system's components using the same evaluation protocol and metric as at test time. Such an approach will result in simple and efficient systems, requiring little domain-specific knowledge and making few model assumptions. We implement the idea by formulating the problem as a single neural network architecture, including the estimation of a speaker model on only a few utterances, and evaluate it on our internal "Ok Google" benchmark for text-dependent speaker verification. The proposed approach appears to be very effective for big data applications like ours that require highly accurate, easy-to-maintain systems with a small footprint.
Planning, guidance, and quality assurance of pelvic screw placement using deformable image registration (2017)

Percutaneous pelvic screw placement is challenging due to narrow bone corridors surrounded by vulnerable structures and difficult visual interpretation of complex anatomical shapes in 2D x-ray projection images. To address these challenges, a system for planning, guidance, and quality assurance (QA) is presented, providing functionality analogous to surgical navigation, but based on robust 3D-2D image registration techniques using fluoroscopy images already acquired in routine workflow. Two novel aspects of the system are investigated: automatic planning of pelvic screw trajectories and the ability to account for deformation of surgical devices (K-wire deflection). Atlas-based registration is used to calculate a patient-specific plan of screw trajectories in preoperative CT. 3D-2D registration aligns the patient to CT within the projective geometry of intraoperative fluoroscopy. Deformable known-component registration (dKC-Reg) localizes the surgical device, and the combination of plan and device location is used to provide guidance and QA. A leave-one-out analysis evaluated the accuracy of automatic planning, and a cadaver experiment compared the accuracy of dKC-Reg to rigid approaches (e.g. optical tracking). Surgical plans conformed within the bone cortex by 3-4 mm for the narrowest corridor (superior pubic ramus) and >5 mm for the widest corridor (tear drop). The dKC-Reg algorithm localized the K-wire tip within 1.1 mm and 1.4° and was consistently more accurate than rigid-body tracking (errors up to 9 mm). The system was shown to automatically compute reliable screw trajectories and accurately localize deformed surgical devices (K-wires). Such capability could improve guidance and QA in orthopaedic surgery, where workflow is impeded by manual planning, conventional tool trackers add complexity and cost, rigid tool assumptions are often inaccurate, and qualitative interpretation of complex anatomy from 2D projections is prone to trial-and-error with extended fluoroscopy time.
Thick Film Approaches in High Power LED Array Module (2011)

Light emitting diode, LED, has become a popular device for display and lighting applications. Among them, high power LED array modules are especially interested in the field of street light system, recently. High power LED array module is generally consisted of several pieces of LEDs which are mounted on the PCB with the combination of series and parallel circuits according to the designed operating voltage and power consumption, i.e. total wattages. Since the life time expectancy and brightness of LED are greatly influenced by the operation temperature of LED, thermal management technology of LED module including system design, heat transfer and dissipation become a hot issue in these days. In this work, we would like to present several thick film approaches to fabricate thermally efficient high power, i.e. LED array modules with over 50 watts by using different array package design, materials selection and film forming techniques. Here, we will demonstrate 50 watts LED array modules directly coupled with aluminum, copper or silicon heat sinks which operates at 12volts using 4 × 9, 4 pieces of LED in series multiplied by 9 arrays in parallel, LED array circuit. The microstructure of metal-ceramic multilayers and interfaces, and the heat transfer performance of the LED array modules will be presented.
Clinical significance of the Lacdi<scp>NA</scp>c‐glycosylated prostate‐specific antigen assay for prostate cancer detection (2019)

To reduce unnecessary prostate biopsies (Pbx), better discrimination is needed. To identify clinically significant prostate cancer (CSPC) we determined the performance of LacdiNAc-glycosylated prostate-specific antigen (LDN-PSA) and LDN-PSA normalized by prostate volume (LDN-PSAD). We retrospectively measured LDN-PSA, total PSA (tPSA), and free PSA/tPSA (F/T PSA) values in 718 men who underwent a Pbx in 3 academic urology clinics in Japan and Canada (Pbx cohort) and in 174 PC patients who subsequently underwent radical prostatectomy in Australia (preop-PSA cohort). The assays were evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) and decision curve analyses to discriminate CSPC. In the Pbx cohort, LDN-PSAD (AUC 0.860) provided significantly better clinical performance for discriminating CSPC compared with LDN-PSA (AUC 0.827, P = 0.0024), PSAD (AUC 0.809, P < 0.0001), tPSA (AUC 0.712, P < 0.0001), and F/T PSA (AUC 0.661, P < 0.0001). The decision curve analysis showed that using a risk threshold of 20% and adding LDN-PSA and LDN-PSAD to the base model (age, digital rectal examination status, tPSA, and F/T PSA) permitted avoidance of even more biopsies without missing CSPC (9.89% and 18.11%, respectively vs 2.23% [base model]). In the preop-PSA cohort, LDN-PSA values positively correlated with tumor volume and tPSA and were significantly higher in pT3, pathological Gleason score ≥ 7. Limitations include limited sample size, retrospective nature, and no family history information prior to biopsy. LacdiNAc-glycosylated PSA is significantly better than the conventional PSA test in identifying patients with CSPC. This study was approved by the ethics committee of each institution ("The Study about Carbohydrate Structure Change in Urological Disease"; approval no. 2014-195).