gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Torque-Actuated Valves for Microfluidics (2005)

This paper describes torque-actuated valves for controlling the flow of fluids in microfluidic channels. The valves consist of small machine screws (> or =500 microm) embedded in a layer of polyurethane cast above microfluidic channels fabricated in poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). The polyurethane is cured photochemically with the screws in place; on curing, it bonds to the surrounding layer of PDMS and forms a stiff layer that retains an impression of the threads of the screws. The valves were separated from the ceiling of microfluidic channels by a layer of PDMS and were integrated into channels using a simple procedure compatible with soft lithography and rapid prototyping. Turning the screws actuated the valves by collapsing the PDMS layer between the valve and channel, controlling the flow of fluids in the underlying channels. These valves have the useful characteristic that they do not require power to retain their setting (on/off). They also allow settings between "on" and "off" and can be integrated into portable, disposable microfluidic devices for carrying out sandwich immunoassays.
AlphaScreen Identifies MSUT2 Inhibitors for Tauopathy-Targeting Therapeutic Discovery (2020)

Tauopathies are neurological disorders characterized by intracellular tau deposits forming neurofibrillary tangles, neuropil threads, or other disease-specific aggregates composed of the protein tau. Tauopathy disorders include frontotemporal lobar degeneration, corticobasal degeneration, Pick's disease, and the largest cause of dementia, Alzheimer's disease. The lack of disease-modifying therapeutic strategies to address tauopathies remains a critical unmet need in dementia care. Thus, novel broad-spectrum tau-targeted therapeutics could have a profound impact in multiple tauopathy disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. Here we have designed a drug discovery paradigm to identify inhibitors of the pathological tau-enabling protein, MSUT2. We previously showed that activity of the RNA-binding protein MSUT2 drives tauopathy, including tau-mediated neurodegeneration and cognitive dysfunction, in mouse models. Thus, we hypothesized that MSUT2 inhibitors could be therapeutic for tauopathy disorders. Our pipeline for MSUT2 inhibitory compound identification included a primary AlphaScreen, followed by dose-response validation, a secondary fluorescence polarization orthogonal assay, a tertiary specificity screen, and a preliminary toxicity screen. Our work here serves as a proof-of-principle methodology for finding specific inhibitors of the poly(A) RNA-binding protein MSUT2 interaction. Here we identify 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-sulfonic acid (DIDS) as a potential tool compound for future work probing the mechanism of MSUT2-induced tau pathology.
Validating Heuristics for Virtual Machines Consolidation (2011)

This paper examines two fundamental issues pertaining to virtual machines (VM) consolidation. Current virtualization management tools, both commercial and academic, enable multiple virtual machines to be consolidated into few servers so that other servers can be turned off, saving power. These tools determine effective strategies for VM placement with the help of clever optimization algorithms, relying on two inputs: a model of resource utilization vs performance tradeoff when multiple VMs are hosted together and estimates of resource requirements for each VM in terms of CPU, network and storage. This paper investigates the following key questions: What factors govern the performance model that drives VM placement, and how do competing resource demands in multiple dimensions affect VM consolidation? It establishes a few basic insights about these questions through a combination of experiments and empirical analysis. This experimental study points out potential pitfalls in the use of current VM management tools and identifies promising opportunities for more effective performance consolidation algorithms. In addition to providing valuable guidance to practitioners, we believe this paper will serve as a starting point for research into next-generation virtualization platforms and tools. 1
Neutralization of diverse human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants by an anti-V3 human monoclonal antibody (1992)

The third variable region (V3) of the HIV-1 gp120 envelope glycoprotein is thought to induce potent neutralizing antibodies which are generally defined as type specific and reactive with individual viral isolates. In contrast, the CD4-binding domain is thought to induce neutralizing antibodies that are group specific and capable of neutralizing all isolates of HIV-1. However, in this study, we used a panel of human monoclonal antibodies to these regions of gp120 which displays specificities and neutralizing activities that challenge these tenets. In particular, we used a human monoclonal antibody to the V3 domain with exceptionally potent and broad neutralizing activity against many diverse HIV-1 isolates. The anti-CD4-binding domain antibodies, on the other hand, showed a more restricted pattern of activity.
Numerical compensation of system polarization mode dispersion in polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (2013)

Polarization mode dispersion (PMD), which can be induced by circulators or even moderate lengths of optical fiber, is known to be a dominant source of instrumentation noise in fiber-based PS-OCT systems. In this paper we propose a novel PMD compensation method that measures system PMD using three fixed calibration signals, numerically corrects for these instrument effects and reconstructs an improved sample image. Using a frequency multiplexed PS-OFDI setup, we validate the proposed method by comparing birefringence noise in images of intralipid, muscle, and tendon with and without PMD compensation.
Identification of Glucokinase Mutations in Subjects With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (1993)

Recent studies have shown that mutations in the glucokinase gene on chromosome 7 can cause an autosomal dominant form of NIDDM with a variable clinical phenotype and onset during childhood. The variable clinical phenotype includes mild fasting hyperglycemia (i.e., a plasma glucose value of > 110 mg/dl, a value that is at least 2-3 SDs above normal), impaired glucose tolerance, gestational diabetes mellitus, as well as overt NIDDM as defined using National Diabetes Data Group or World Health Organization criteria. Because gestational diabetes mellitus was a clinical feature associated with glucokinase mutations, we have screened a group of women with gestational diabetes who also had a first-degree relative with diabetes mellitus for the presence of mutations in this gene. Among 40 subjects, we identified two mutations, suggesting a prevalence of approximately 5% in this group. Extrapolating from this result, the prevalence of glucokinase-deficient NIDDM among Americans may be approximately 1 in 2500.
Active semantically aware hard real-time security hypervisors (2008)

In this paper, we sketch an approach to security involving the use of real-time operating systems as real-time monitors of system security, using semantic properties of the underlying "base" operating system and applications to improve efficiency and capabilities.
Misfire detection method robust against crankshaft vibration and acceleration (2005)

We discuss a factor which disturbs misfire detection at high engine speed on the basis of a crankshaft vibration analysis. According to this analysis, the detection window size was changed. Engine test showed the possibility of misfire detection improvement. Then, a filter which can detect not only periodic misfire but also isolated misfire is proposed. The filter is robust against acceleration. The performance of the filter was evaluated by engine test
Remote Fiber Optic Sensors For Angular Orientation (1988)

Three fiber optic sensor systems designed to remotely determine angular position are described. Two of the systems use a sheet polarizer affixed to a "codewheel" and the third system uses a two-channel digital shaft encoder style "codewheel". The first polarization scheme uses four utical channels, two of which are analog and two digital. The ratio of the two analog channel intensities yeilds tan 6. The four-fold quadrant ambiguity is resolved by the two digital channels which are transected by two semicircular masks on the polarizer codewheel [Ref. U.S. Patent #4,577,414, 25 Mar 1986]. The second polarization scheme again uses quadrant ambiguity masks but only one analog channel which simulates a polarization vector which oscillates through 90°. The oscillating vector is produced by superimposing two sine wave modulated beams at the polarizer codewheel. The modulations of the two beams have a phase difference which is created by time delaying one of the beams in a fiber delay loop. The phase difference between the generated composite signal and electronic reference signal then determines the angle of the codewheel. We have demonstrated experimentally that this type of split analog/digital scheme has a resolution equivalent to a 10-bit digital system (ie ±0.35°). The digital shaft encoder scheme uses only two digital channels and a codewheel which has two concentric masks with 48 equally spaced windows offset with respect to each other by one-half window width. At 0° there is a unique mask which initializes an up/down decoder chip [Hewlett-Packard HCTL-2000]. This system has a resolution better than 7 bits. The supporting electro-optical systems including sources, fibers,lenses, mirrors, couplers, WDM's, polarizers, detectors, and signal processing for all schemes are described and the relative merits of each are compared.
Diagnostic value of interactions between members of the family Neisseriaceae and lectins (1984)

The lectin slide agglutination test for Neisseria gonorrhoeae has been modified and improved. Results show that wheat germ agglutinin and soybean lectin agglutinate 100% (193 of 193 tested) of clinical isolates of N. gonorrhoeae. Lectin-reactive meningococci can be readily identified by the hydrolysis of gamma-glutamyl-beta-naphthylamide. Branhamella catarrhalis, Neisseria lactamica, Neisseria sicca, Neisseria subflava, Neisseria perflava, and meningococcal serogroups A, B, C, X, Y, and Z do not interfere with the positive identification of N. gonorrhoeae. The frequently encountered problem of autoagglutination of members of the family Neisseriaceae may be circumvented by a short treatment of cellular suspensions with DNase. Based on agglutination assays, the enzyme treatment did not result in a loss of wheat germ agglutinin receptors from the bacteria. The lectin agglutination test, coupled with the gamma-glutamyl aminopeptidase assay, is proposed as a rapid and accurate means of identifying clinical isolates of gonococci.
Solar reactor steam generator method and apparatus. [solar heated reaction of hydrogen and chlorine] (1976)

A solar reactor steam generator is disclosed which includes a concrete housing with reactor chamber, tubular heat exchanger, solar sight glass, and solar intensifier. In one embodiment, the reactor chamber is cylindrical. Inside the chamber is a heat exchanger which consists of a single pass helical tube stack which absorbs and conducts convective, conductive, and radiated heats of reactions to liquids or vapors inside the tube. A solar intensifier, such as a parabolic reflector, is mounted on top of the reactor housing. It collects and intensifies solar rays, then guides them down through a solar sight glass, mounted in top of the housing, into the reactor chamber, onto a reflector cone which disperses solar rays throughout the chamber. Hydrogen, chlorine, and atmospheric oxygen are piped into the reactor chamber via tubing. The hydrogen and chlorine react with controlled explosive violence when exposed to the solar rays. It should be understood that high intensity lamps can be used in the absence of solar rays. In another embodiment of this invention, carbonaceous blocks with single pass tube configurations are used in a rectangular reactor chamber.
Response of Acetolactate Synthase–Resistant Grain Sorghum to Nicosulfuron Plus Rimsulfuron (2010)

The lack of POST herbicides to control grasses in grain sorghum prompted researchers to develop acetolactate synthase (ALS)–resistant grain sorghum. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the differential response of ALS-resistant grain sorghum to POST application of nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron applied at three growth stages. ALS-resistant grain sorghum was treated with 0, 13 + 7, 26 + 13, 39 + 20, 52 + 26, 65 + 33, 78 + 39, and 91 + 46 g ai ha −1 of nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron when plants were at the three- to five-leaf, seven- to nine-leaf, or 11- to 13-leaf stage. In general, as nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron rates increased, visible injury increased at the three- to five-leaf and seven- to nine-leaf stages. Injury was greatest 1 wk after treatment for the three- to five-leaf and seven- to nine-leaf stages across all ratings, and plants then began to recover. No injury was observed at any rating time for the 11- to 13-leaf stage. Plant height and sorghum grain yield were reduced as nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron rates increased when applied at the three- to five-leaf stage. However, nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron applied at the seven- to nine-leaf and 11- to 13-leaf stages did not decrease sorghum yield. This research indicated that nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron application at the three- to five-leaf stage injured ALS-resistant grain sorghum; however, application at the seven- to nine-leaf or 11- to 13-leaf stages did not result in grain yield reduction.
Synthesis and Characterization of Phosphonic Acid-Substituted Amino Acids as Excitatory Amino Acid Receptor Antagonists (1996)

Abstract Decahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acids, substituted at C-6 with an acidic moiety such as a phosphonic, sulfonic or carboxylic acid or tetrazole, were prepared as antagonists of excitatory amino acid (EAA) receptors.
Clustering hypertext with applications to web searching (2000)

Article Clustering hypertext with applications to web searching Share on Authors: Dharmendra S. Modha IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CAView Profile , W. Scott Spangler IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims HYPERTEXT '00: Proceedings of the eleventh ACM on Hypertext and hypermediaMay 2000 Pages 143–152https://doi.org/10.1145/336296.336351Published:30 May 2000 43citation901DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations43Total Downloads901Last 12 Months6Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Budget-Aware Activity Detection with A Recurrent Policy Network (2017)

In this paper, we address the challenging problem of efficient temporal activity detection in untrimmed long videos. While most recent work has focused and advanced the detection accuracy, the inference time can take seconds to minutes in processing each single video, which is too slow to be useful in real-world settings. This motivates the proposed budget-aware framework, which learns to perform activity detection by intelligently selecting a small subset of frames according to a specified time budget. We formulate this problem as a Markov decision process, and adopt a recurrent network to model the frame selection policy. We derive a recurrent policy gradient based approach to approximate the gradient of the non-decomposable and non-differentiable objective defined in our problem. In the extensive experiments, we achieve competitive detection accuracy, and more importantly, our approach is able to substantially reduce computation time and detect multiple activities with only 0.35s for each untrimmed long video.
Conception and preliminary evaluation of an optical fibre sensor for simultaneous measurement of pressure and temperature (2009)

This paper presents a novel concept of simultaneously measuring pressure and temperature using a silica optical fibre extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometric (EFPI) pressure sensor incorporating a fibre Bragg grating (FBG), which is constructed entirely from fused-silica. The novel device is used to simultaneously provide accurate pressure and temperature readings at the point of measurement. Furthermore, the FBG temperature measurement is used to eliminate the temperature cross-sensitivity of the EFPI pressure sensor.
Performance analysis of lattice-reduction algorithms for a novel LR-compatible K-Best MIMO detector (2011)

Lattice Reduction (LR) has been proposed as a method to enhance the performance of MIMO detectors such as ZF, MMSE and V-BLAST. Until recently, the application of LR to the superior K-Best tree-search detection algorithm was not practical due to the significant increase in complexity of K-Best as a result of the distortion of tree symmetry caused by LR. However, in our recently published work we developed an innovative K-Best algorithm to accommodate tree-asymmetry with no additional complexity. In this work, we build on this result and perform a detailed analysis of the effect of various LR algorithms on the performance of LR-aided K-Best. We show that LLL and Seysen provide equivalent performance enhancement, however, LLL displays a lower computational complexity and thus is more suitable for LR-aided K-Best. In this work we also show that the application of LR to K-Best allows a large reduction of the K value while maintaining its near-ML performance. For 64-QAM MIMO detection, this leads to about 70% reduction in the complexity of the K-Best detector.
Novel Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) Systems Applying Air Expanders (1995)

In Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) systems, off-peak electric energy is consumed by air compressors that charge CAES reservoirs. During peak load hours, air released from the CAES reservoir expands, producing electric power. Two novel CAES systems, improving their reliability and efficiency, are introduced. The first system is the CAES Plant Integrated with a Gas Turbine (CAESIGT), in which 40 percent of the power output is produced by a standard gas turbine, and 60 percent by an air expander utilizing compressed air that is preheated by the exhaust gases of the gas turbine. For certain initial parameters of the compressed air, its temperature after expansion becomes lower than the ambient temperature. This cold air can be used as a source for refrigeration of the gas turbine inlet air and for other purposes. In the CAES system of the second type, multistage expansion of compressed air is applied. Reheating air between expander stages is provided either by refrigerated substances, by heat sources from surroundings, or by non fuel heat sources such as the waste heat from industry, solar ponds, etc. Thermodynamic and economic analyses of the novel CAES systems are carried out.
A compact, low-power low-jitter digital PLL (2004)

This paper describes a compact, low-power and low-jitter digital PLL (DPLL). Digitizing the loop filter presents numerous challenges and advantages. In the proposed scheme, a wide-band DPLL is described that achieves low-jitter and low-power consumption. Low-jitter is achieved by using an all-digital adaptive bandwidth control scheme that can track the noise injected into the DPLL and optimize the loop bandwidth accordingly. A prototype DPLL employing has been implemented in a 0.25/spl mu/m CMOS technology. Measurement results show that jitter 130ps jitter is achieved at 144MHz. The area and power consumption outperform the traditional charge-pump based PLL by a factor of 3.5/spl times/ and 45% respectively.
Partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas over Ni-supported ceria catalyst (2014)

Partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas (a mixture of H2 and CO) over 5 wt.% Ni/CeO2 catalysts has been studied in a fixed bed down flow reactor. The catalyst has been characterized by XRD, N2-sorption, SEM, TEM, ICP-AES and XPS data. It is found that the Ni-CeO2 catalyst can activate methane at 500 oC, and with increase in temperature the conversion increases up to 86.1% at 800 oC. The H2/CO mole ratio is almost constant at 1.9 in the temperature range from 500–800 oC. The activity of the catalyst remains constant till 30 h, which is the main advantage of the present catalyst. Various reaction parameters like temperature, time-on-stream and GHSV are studied in detail.
Inactivation of Pathogenic Microorganisms by Photodynamic Techniques:Mechanistic Aspects and Perspective Applications. (2007)

The worldwide rise in antibiotic resistance by microorganisms has stimulated intensive research toward the development of alternative therapeutic strategies. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is emerging as a promising modality for the treatment of localized microbial infections. Studies on the relationship between the chemical structure of photosensitising agents and their phototoxicity against microbial pathogens led to the identification of a selected number of compounds with optimal cytocidal effects. These include phenothiazine, porphyrin and phthalocyanine derivatives, whose molecule has been engineered to introduce the following features: (a) presence of cationic moieties, preferably due to quaternarized amino groups; (b) introduction of at least one N-alkyl group having a relatively long hydrocarbon chain; (c) overall amphiphilic character to promote the partitioning in the plasma membrane. Studies on cell cultures indicate that PDT is endowed with favourable properties to act as an antimicrobial modality: (a) broad spectrum of action, since one irradiation protocol can be used to obtain the inactivation of different groups of pathogens, such as Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, mycoplasmas and protozoa in both vegetative and cystic stages; (b) fast association with microbial cells, which allows irradiations to be performed after incubation times as short as 5-10 min., thereby guaranteeing a high selectivity as compared with host tissues; (d) high photoinactivation efficiency, since a 5-6 log decrease in microbial population is obtained by irradiation under mild conditions; (e) photosensitising activity independent of the antibiotic-resistance spectrum of the given pathogen; (f) lack of selection of photoresistant strains upon repeated treatment and minimal risk to induce the onset of mutagenic processes. Initial clinical trials involve the treatment of chronic ulcers and selected oral infections. Keywords: Antimicrobial, parasitic protozoa, antibiotic resistance, photosensitiser, photoinactivation, photodynamic therapy, reactive oxygen species, porphyrins
Studies on the .ALPHA.-glucoside hydrolase inhibitor, adiposin. II. Taxonomic studies on the producing microorganism. (1982)

Streptomyces sp. TM-521 which produced alpha-glucoside hydrolase inhibitors, adiposins, was isolated from a soil sample collected in Hoya City, Tokyo. The strain belonged to the "gray color" series type of the ISP-classified Streptomyces. From the taxonomic studies, the strain TM-521 resembled with Streptomyces calvus in the morphological and physiological properties. This strain was accordingly identified as a strain of Streptomyces calvus.