gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetics and breeding of herbicide tolerance in sunflower (2012)

Although there are some examples of gene discovery for non-target site mechanisms of tolerance in sunflower, the main focus of research and development during the last decade was directed to the discovery of altered acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) genes and enzymes. In this way, several natural or induced mutant alleles of the sunflower Ahasl1 locus were reported and characterized. Four of these alleles were utilized to develop different non-GMO traits and technologies of weed control: Clearfield , Clearfield Plus , Sures, and ExpressSun . Each one of these technologies has their own characteristics, cross-tolerance pattern, benefits and drawbacks, which are briefly reviewed. Some methods to speed up the introgression of these traits into the breeding program are described, as well as the dominance relationships between some members of the multiallelic Ahasl1 locus. Proper utilization of these technologies allowed, and will continue to allow, an excellent weed control for the sunflower crop. However, some of these genes and their allelic interactions remain to be tested and developed in the years to come in order to create novel technologies. Additionally, it is clear that only one mode of actionthe inhibition of the AHAS enzyme -is being exploited so far in sunflower. This will prompt the rapid selection of tolerant weeds that may jeopardize the sustainability of all these technologies. Selection over cultivated germplasm, wild Helianthus species and mutagenized libraries will allow the discovery of new sources of HT, especially to other modes of action apart from the inhibition of AHAS, in order to complement the current technologies.
Tandem Homogeneous Metathesis/Heterogeneous Hydrogenation:  Preparing Model Ethylene/CO<sub>2</sub> and Ethylene/CO Copolymers (2000)

Addition of silica gel to a completed homogeneous metathesis polymerization catalyzed by Cl2(Cy3P)2RuCHPh (1) converts the residue of 1 to a highly effective heterogeneous olefin hydrogenation catalyst. Quantitative olefin hydrogenation of the unsaturated polymer under very mild conditions occurs in the presence of a variety of functional groups. This tandem homogeneous metathesis/heterogeneous hydrogenation procedure is used to prepare commercially relevant polyethylene-based materials, such as sequence ordered ethylene/CO2 and ethylene/CO copolymers as well as telechelic polyethylene.
Sedimentary fill of submarine canyons and channels using a Cellular Automata process-based model (2008)

Understanding the deposition processes in submarine canyons and channels has significant implications for petroleum exploration. A numerical model has been established to simulate the sedimentary fill of canyons and channel-levee complexes present in turbiditic environments. The model is based on a Cellular Automata (CA) approach. Depositional processes which control the evolution of the system are described by the rules established either empirically from observations or from simplified physical laws. Sedimentary systems are described by a meshed domain and are built with a series of unitary events. Two versions have been developed and couple the impact of flow effects on the nature and architecture of deposits. The first model allows a dynamic description of seabed evolution under the activity of gravity flows. For a single event simulation, both the morphology of the seabed and sediment distribution is estimated at each time step. The model was calibrated by the application to the turbulent surge that occurred during the 1999 storm in Capbreton canyon (France) using core control. The second model simulates deposit architecture accumulated by a succession of steady state flows. A possible way to average physical processes over time is to then consider geological events such as successive quasi-steady state flows for which sediment transport has permanent values. The CA paradigm is an efficient approach to quickly obtain such stationary states. Results obtained for the first sequence of the Pab channel complex (Indo-Pakistani margin) provides the first step towards the quantitative understanding of external parameters on catastrophic gravity flow dynamics and on the organisation of subsequent deposits.
Interleaving Energy-Conservation Mode (IECM) Control in Single-Inductor Dual-Output (SIDO) Step-Down Converters With 91% Peak Efficiency (2011)

The proposed single-inductor dual-output (SIDO) converter with interleaving energy-conservation mode (IECM) control is designed using 65 nm technology to power the ultra-wide band (UWB) system. The energy-conservation mode (ECM) control generates four different energy delivery paths for dual buck outputs with only one inductor. In addition, the superposition technique is used to achieve a minimized inductor current level. The average inductor current is equal to the summation of two output loads. Moreover, the IECM control activates the interleaving operation through the current interleaving mechanism to provide large driving capability as well as to reduce the output voltage ripple. As a result, 91% peak efficiency is derived and the output voltage ripple appears notably minimized by 50% using current interleaving at heavy load. The test chip occupies 1.44 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in 65 nm CMOS and integrates with a three-dimensional (3-D) architecture for inductor integration.
Acoustic transducer with honeycomb diaphragm (1985)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Louis Melillo, Tsutomu Haga, Iwao Sashida; Acoustic transducer with honeycomb diaphragm. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 September 1985; 78 (3): 1157. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.393116 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
ER-mitochondria cross-talk is regulated by the Ca <sup>2+</sup> sensor NCS1 and is impaired in Wolfram syndrome (2018)

Communication between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria plays a pivotal role in Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling, energy metabolism, and cell survival. Dysfunction in this cross-talk leads to metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. Wolfram syndrome is a fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by mutations in the ER-resident protein WFS1. Here, we showed that WFS1 formed a complex with neuronal calcium sensor 1 (NCS1) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP<sub>3</sub>R) to promote Ca<sup>2+</sup> transfer between the ER and mitochondria. In addition, we found that NCS1 abundance was reduced in WFS1-null patient fibroblasts, which showed reduced ER-mitochondria interactions and Ca<sup>2+</sup> exchange. Moreover, in WFS1-deficient cells, NCS1 overexpression not only restored ER-mitochondria interactions and Ca<sup>2+</sup> transfer but also rescued mitochondrial dysfunction. Our results describe a key role of NCS1 in ER-mitochondria cross-talk, uncover a pathogenic mechanism for Wolfram syndrome, and potentially reveal insights into the pathogenesis of other neurodegenerative diseases.
Germline Epigenetic Regulation of <emph type="ital">KILLIN</emph> in Cowden and Cowden-like Syndrome (2010)

Germline KILLIN methylation is common among patients with Cowden syndrome or Cowden-like syndrome and is associated with increased risks of breast and renal cancer over PTEN mutation-positive individuals. These observations need to be replicated.
Novel and Selective Quinazolinyl Arylureas (1995)

Quinazolinyl aryl ureas have been discovered to have a narrow spectrum of fungicidal activity against sugarbeet cercospora and banana black sigatoka. Compounds with 4-substituted phenyl groups were found to have the highest levels of activity. In general, substitution at the C-5 or C-8 positions on the quinazolinone did not improve activity whereas substitution at the 6 or 7 positions was detrimental. The synthesis as well as a description of the structure activity relationships for these compounds is given.
Suppression of Ki-ras p21 levels leading to growth inhibition of pancreatic cancer cell lines with Ki-ras mutation but not those without Ki-ras mutation (1997)

Ki-ras point mutation characteristically occurs frequently in human pancreatic cancer. To clarify the effect of antisense Ki-ras RNA on various pancreatic cancer cell lines, a plasmid expressing an antisense Ki-ras gene fragment (AS-K-ras-LNSX) was transduced into seven human pancreatic cancer cell lines (AsPC-1, MIA PaCa-2, PANC-1, PSN-1, BxPC-3, Hs 700T, and Hs 766T) by liposome-mediated transfection. Western blot analysis showed that transfection of AS-K-ras-LNSX led to a significant reduction in the amounts of Ki-ras p21 protein in all the pancreatic cancer cell lines except BxPC-3. The growth of pancreatic cancer cell lines having Ki-ras point mutations (AsPC-1, MIA PaCa-2, PANC-1, and PSN-1) was suppressed after transduction of AS-K-ras-LNSX, whereas the effect of the antisense construct on the growth was not significant in cell lines with a wild-type Ki-ras gene (BxPC-3, Hs 700T, and Hs 766T). These results suggest that the pancreatic cancer cells with activated Ki-ras depend heavily on a Ki-ras p21-mediated growth signal pathway for their growth because they were far more susceptible to the suppression of the Ki-ras p21 protein than the cells with wild-type Ki-ras. The remarkably increased dependence of the cancer-cell growth circuitry on one or a few crucial regulatory molecules may thus be a common feature of the cancer cells and implies a novel rationale for the targeting of cancer therapy.
A Dental Radiograph Registration Algorithm Using Phase-Based Image Matching for Human Identification (2006)

Dental records are often used to identify victims of massive disasters, where the conventional biometric features, e.g., face, fingerprint, iris, etc., are not available. Human identification using dental records is to match an unidentified individual's postmortem radiographs against a set of identified antemortem radiographs. This paper presents an efficient dental radiograph registration algorithm using phase-based image matching for human identification. The use of phase components in 2D (two-dimensional) discrete Fourier transforms of dental radiograph images makes possible to achieve highly robust image registration and recognition. Experimental evaluation using a small database of dental radiographs indicates that the proposed algorithm exhibits efficient recognition performance for low-quality images
Bioethanol production from marine biomass alginate by metabolically engineered bacteria (2011)

Bioethanol production from algae is a promising approach that resolves problems associated with biofuel production from land biomass, such as bioethanol–food conflicts and the indirect land use change. However, it presents several technical difficulties because existing ethanologenic microbes can neither degrade alginate, a major component of brown algae, nor assimilate alginate degradation products. We developed an integrated bacterial system for converting alginate to ethanol using a metabolically modified, alginate-assimilating, pit-forming bacterium, Sphingomonas sp. A1 (strain A1). Overexpression of Zymomonas mobilis pdc and adhB was achieved using a strong constitutive expression promoter newly identified in strain A1 and by inserting multiple gene copies using the methylation sensitivity of XbaI. Metabolome analysis revealed by-product accumulation, and its synthesis pathway was blocked by gene disruption. The ethanologenic recombinant strain A1 accumulated 13.0 g L−1ethanol in 3 d using alginate as the sole carbon source.
Highly Scalable Image Reconstruction using Deep Neural Networks with Bandpass Filtering (2018)

To increase the flexibility and scalability of deep neural networks for image reconstruction, a framework is proposed based on bandpass filtering. For many applications, sensing measurements are performed indirectly. For example, in magnetic resonance imaging, data are sampled in the frequency domain. The introduction of bandpass filtering enables leveraging known imaging physics while ensuring that the final reconstruction is consistent with actual measurements to maintain reconstruction accuracy. We demonstrate this flexible architecture for reconstructing subsampled datasets of MRI scans. The resulting high subsampling rates increase the speed of MRI acquisitions and enable the visualization rapid hemodynamics.
Achromatized transmission-type holographic screen for a multiview stereoscopic image system (1997)

The main drawback of the use of transmission-type holographic screens is poor color reproduction caused by their high spectral dispersion. For overcoming this drawback, a long, narrow diffusing slit is used as an object when recording the screen. The necessary size and position of the slit relative to the photoplate and to the recording and reconstruction beams are determined by the phase relations of the beams. By use of the slit, holographic screens of 30 cm x 40 cm are recorded with a diverging reference beam and are used to display a multiview full-color stereoscopic image. The images displayed on the screen show no sign of color separation except near the edges of the screen. The image brightness on the screen is high enough that it can be watched in a normally illuminated room.
Phase Variation of Hemoglobin Utilization in <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> (1998)

Most Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates are unable to use human hemoglobin as the sole source of iron for growth (Hgb-), but a minor population is able to do so (Hgb+). This minor population grows luxuriously on hemoglobin, expresses two outer membrane proteins of 42 kDa (HpuA) and 89 kDa (HpuB), and binds hemoglobin under iron-stressed conditions. In addition to the previously reported HpuB, we identified and characterized HpuA, which is encoded by the gene hpuA, located immediately upstream of hpuB. Expression of both proteins was found to be controlled at the translational level by frameshift mutations in a run of guanine residues within the hpuA sequence encoding the mature HpuA protein. The "on-phase" hemoglobin-utilizing variants contained 10 G's, while the "off-phase" variants contained 9 G's. Insertional hpuB mutants of FA19 Hgb+ and FA1090 Hgb+ no longer expressed HpuB but still produced HpuA. A polar insertional mutation of the upstream hpuA gene in FA1090 Hgb+ eliminated production of both HpuA and HpuB, whereas a nonpolar insertional mutant expressed HpuB only. Insertional mutagenesis of either hpuA or hpuB or both substantially decreased the hemoglobin binding ability of the FA1090 Hgb+ variant and prevented growth on hemoglobin plates. Therefore, both HpuA and HpuB were required for the utilization of hemoglobin for growth.
Genetic Analysis, Expression and Molecular Characterization of <i>BoGSL-ELONG</i>, a Major Gene Involved in the Aliphatic Glucosinolate Pathway of Brassica Species (2002)

We cloned a major aliphatic glucosinolate (GSL) gene, BoGSL-ELONG in Brassica oleracea, using the Arabidopsis sequence database. We based our work on an Arabidopsis candidate gene forming part of a gene family coding for isopropyl malate synthetase-like enzymes (IPMS). This gene is presumably responsible for synthesis of GSL possessing side chains consisting of four carbons (4C). The similarity of the Brassica homolog IPMS-Bo from broccoli to its Arabidopsis counterpart IPMS-At was on the order of 78%, both sharing the same number of exons. A nonfunctional allele of the BoGSL-ELONG gene from white cauliflower, based on the absence of 4C GSL in this crop, displayed a 30-bp deletion, which allowed us to develop a codominant marker for 4C-GSL. Gene expression analysis based on RT-PCR revealed a splicing site mutation in the white cauliflower allele. This resulted in a longer transcript containing intron 3, which failed to excise. Perfect cosegregation was observed for broccoli and cauliflower alleles at the IPMS-Bo gene and 4C-GSL content, strongly indicating that this gene indeed corresponds to BoGSL-ELONG. Cloning of two other major genes, BoGSL-ALK and BoGSL-PRO, is underway. The availability of these genes and BoGSL-ELONG is essential for the manipulation of the aliphatic GSL profile of B. oleracea.
FTN-Based MIMO Transmission as a NOMA Scheme for Efficient Coexistence of Broadband and Sporadic Traffics (2018)

In this paper, the concept of faster-than Nyquist (FTN) transmission is used as a non-orthogonal multiple access scheme to interlace sporadic traffic into a broadband service traffic so that radio resources can be efficiently shared by both traffics, beyond the Nyquist rate. We have extended the concept of a 2-dimensional faster- than Nyquist (2D-FTN) transmission where some time-frequency resources are offloaded (turned off) from a broadband transmission to a time- frequency- space 3DFTN system. A broadband user transmitting in multiple- input multiple-output (MIMO) mode turns-off some set of transmit antennas for few subcarriers, which will be allowed for sporadic traffic. Furthermore, we show that turning-off subcarriers with the ill- conditioned channel matrices reduces the performance penalty of FTN transmission. For example, we have have shown that turning-off 12.5% of subcarriers from broadband transmission of 256 OFDM-symbol block costs only 0.3dB transmit power per bit while allowing up to 64 single- carrier grant-free transmission over the offloaded subcarriers.
Transfer etching of bilayer resists in oxygen-based plasmas (2000)

Thin film imaging offers the possibility of extending 248 nm lithography to sub 150 nm resolution. We have been working on a 248 nm bilayer imaging scheme which utilizes a thin Si-containing resist on top of a thick, planarizing underlayer. The image is developed in the top layer and transferred to the underlayer via O2-based plasma etching. This article focuses on three aspects of the critical transfer etch process: etch resistance of the imaging resist, profile control and resist roughening. The imaging resist thickness loss is very fast during the first few seconds of the etch after which the rate diminishes. The relative importance of three phenomena that can explain this nonlinear behavior: oxidation of silicon, deprotection of resist moieties, and plasma etching of resist, are discussed. Fourier transform infrared studies on imaging resist films indicate minimal deprotection-related film thickness losses. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses of etched films indicate that the extent of surface oxidation increases initially and then becomes constant. Thus, the etching of this category of resists can be described as a combination of the oxidation of the silicon species and sputtering of the oxide-like layer formed. Post-transfer etch profiles using an O2 plasma are shown, and methods to reduce imaging resist faceting and thickness loss either by modifying the imaging layer silicon content or by using passivating plasma chemistries are discussed. The effect of different etching chemistries and processing conditions on imaging layer roughening and striation formation on underlayer sidewalls are explained with the aid of scanning electron microscopy micrographs and atomic force microscopy images of etched feature sidewalls. It is shown that the SO2–O2 etch significantly reduces the sidewall roughness from the postlithograpy values. The ∼3.5 nm rms sidewall roughness observed postetch is comparable to postdeveloped roughness values measured for mature single layer resists. The printing of 125 nm line/space patterns and 150 nm trench features with 10:1 aspect ratios in the underlayer is also demonstrated.
A Chondroitin Sulfate Small Molecule that Stimulates Neuronal Growth (2004)

Chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans are sulfated polysaccharides involved in cell division, neuronal development, and spinal cord injury. Here, we report the synthesis and identification of a chondroitin sulfate tetrasaccharide that stimulates the growth and differentiation of neurons. These studies represent the first, direct investigations into the structure-activity relationships of chondroitin sulfate using homogeneous synthetic molecules and define a tetrasaccharide as a minimal motif required for activity.
Quartz microresonator temperature sensors using Lame-mode (2003)

Lame-mode is very suitable for realization of a miniaturized quartz crystal resonator because its resonant frequency is principally dependent upon the contour dimensions. Since heat capacity for the quartz crystal resonator is small, and frequency response versus temperature is very fast, it is useful for use in temperature sensors. In addition, because a Lame-mode quartz crystal resonator has zero temperature coefficients, designated LQ/sub 1/ cut and LQ/sub 2/ cut, and particularly, the resonator for LQ/sub 1/ cut has a comparatively large value of the second order temperature coefficient /spl beta/, a Lame mode quartz crystal resonator can be obtained with the large first order temperature coefficient /spl alpha/ when /spl beta/=0. In this paper, when cut angles /spl phi/=45/spl deg/ and /spl theta/=45/spl deg/, /spl alpha/ has a value of 44.6/spl times/10/sup -6///spl deg/C in the calculation and 39.9/spl times/10/sup -6///spl deg/C in the experiments with /spl beta/=0 approximately, while when /spl phi/=51.5/spl deg/ and /spl theta/=45/spl deg/, /spl alpha/=68.1/spl times/10/sup -6///spl deg/C in the calculation and 62.0/spl times/10/sup -6///spl deg/C in the experiments with a value of /spl beta/ large than that of /spl phi/=45/spl deg/ and /spl theta/=45/spl deg/. For both cut angles, frequency change versus temperature is found to be sufficiently large, and also the measured data is found to be slightly smaller than the calculated data.
Design, development, and bench-top testing of a powered polycentric ankle prosthesis (2017)

Powered ankle-foot prostheses must provide high power and torque while satisfying stringent size and weight requirements. Previous works have focused on improving the prosthesis torque/weight ratio with novel actuation systems such as series and parallel elastic actuators, clutchable leverages, and pneumatic artificial muscles. In this paper, we propose an alternative design approach to minimize the prosthesis size and weight, while improving torque generation and electrical efficiency, based on a polycentric kinematic chain. The proposed approach is implemented on a novel powered polycentric ankle prosthesis (p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> Ankle). Kinematics and mechatronic design are presented together with bench-top testing. Preliminary validation in standing and walking is conducted with an able-bodied user using a bypass orthosis.
Partial field‐of‐view spiral phase‐contrast imaging using complex difference processing (2006)

Rapid flow imaging was achieved with a partial field of view (pFOV) spiral motion-encoded technique. The FOV and the acquisition time were reduced by a factor of 2 by undersampling k-space. The pFOV spiral k-space trajectory aliased signals from outside a circular ring whose radius was inversely proportional to the distance between adjacent spirals in k-space. In this study the FOV was adjusted so that all of the moving spins were located inside the inner half circle of the full FOV. Complex subtraction of two differentially flow-encoded images was used to remove the spurious phase sources and provide an accurate measurement of flow. The complex subtraction process also serves to eliminate aliasing artifacts that are generated by static tissue from outside the reduced FOV. Experiments in a flow phantom and volunteers showed that the flow estimates obtained by pFOV spiral motion encoding are in good agreement with the estimates reconstructed using complex difference processing.