gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plasma-enhanced growth, composition, and refractive index of silicon oxy-nitride films (1995)

Secondary ion mass spectrometry and refractive index measurements have been carried out on silicon oxy-nitride produced by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). Nitrous oxide and ammonia were added to a constant flow of 2% silane in nitrogen, to produce oxy-nitride films with atomic nitrogen concentrations between 2 and 10 at. %. A simple atomic valence model is found to describe both the measured atomic concentrations and published material compositions for silicon oxy-nitride produced by PECVD. A relation between the Si–N bond concentration and the refractive index is found. This relation suggest that the refractive index of oxy-nitride with a low nitrogen concentration is determined by the material density. It is suggested that the relative oxygen concentration in the gas flow is the major deposition characterization parameter, and that water vapor is the predominant reaction by-product. A model, that combine the chemical net reaction and the stoichiometric rules, is found to agree with measured deposition rates for given material compositions. Effects of annealing in a nitrogen atmosphere has been investigated for the 400 °C– 1100 °C temperature range. It is observed that PECVD oxy-nitrides release nitrogen and hydrogen in the form of NH for annealing temperatures in the 500 °C–700 °C range. The relaxation process during annealing is found to be governed by a viscoelastic relaxation process similar to the relaxation process observed for thermally grown SiO2. Upon nitrogen release, the PECVD material is in a state of internal tension. The viscoelastic relaxation process for temperatures above 700 °C is dominated by the relaxation of this internal tension. A linear relation between the refractive index and material density is determined for silicon oxy-nitride with a nitrogen concentration below 30 at. %.
Analysis of texture images using robust fractal description (2002)

A maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method is used to estimate the fractal dimension of a number of natural texture images with and without the presence of noise. An additional texture measure which can be linked to the lacunarity measure is used to characterize natural textures since fractal dimension alone cannot totally characterize texture images. Segmentation of natural textures is successfully achieved by a k-means clustering algorithm using fractal dimension and the additional measure as representative features.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Genetics, Genomics and Breeding of Stone Fruits (2012)

Basic Information on the Stone Fruit Crops Daniel Potter Traditional Genetics and Breeding Thomas M. Gradziel Diversity Analysis Maria Jose Aranzana, Teresa Barreneche, and Pere Arus Molecular Linkage Maps: Strategies, Resources and Achievements Elisabeth Dirlewanger, EudaldIlla, and Werner Howad Mapping and Tagging of Simply Inherited Traits Jose Miguel Soriano and Maria Luisa Badenes Molecular Mapping of Complex Traits Bode A.Olukolu and Chittaranjan Kole Molecular Breeding Daniel Esmenjaud and Chinnathambi Srinivasan Map-based Cloning in Stone Fruits Renate Horn, Osama Sajer, Daniel Esmenjaud, Michel Claverie, and Elisabeth Dirlewanger Genome Sequencing Initiative Ignazio Verde, Elisa Vendramin, Sabrina Micali, Maria Teresa Dettori, and Bryon Sosinski Comparative Genetics and Genomics Initiatives D. J. Sargent, S. Jung, and D. Main Functional Genomics: Transcriptomics LivioTrainotti, Stefano Cagnin, Claudio Forcato, Claudio Bonghi, Amit Dhingra, Tyson Koepke, Loreto Prat, Jonathan Maldonado, and Herman Silva Proteomics and Metabolomics Maria V. Lara and Maria F. Drincovich Bioinformatics as a Tool for Stone Fruit Research S. Jung and D. Main Retrospect and Prospects Albert G. Abbott
Binding of (5<i>S</i>)-Penicilloic Acid to Penicillin Binding Protein 3 (2013)

β-Lactam antibiotics react with penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) to form relatively stable acyl-enzyme complexes. We describe structures derived from the reaction of piperacillin with PBP3 (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) including not only the anticipated acyl-enzyme complex but also an unprecedented complex with (5S)-penicilloic acid, which was formed by C-5 epimerization of the nascent (5R)-penicilloic acid product. Formation of the complex was confirmed by solution studies, including NMR. Together, these results will be useful in the design of new PBP inhibitors and raise the possibility that noncovalent PBP inhibition by penicilloic acids may be of clinical relevance.
Interaction of protein kinase C with RACKI, a receptor for activated C-kinase: a role in <i>β</i> protein kinase C mediated signal transduction (1995)

Conference Article| August 01 1995 Interaction of protein kinase C with RACKI, a receptor for activated C-kinase: a role in β protein kinase C mediated signal transduction D. Mochly-Rosen; D. Mochly-Rosen *Department of Molecular Pharmacology Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5332, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar B. L. Smith; B. L. Smith †Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5332, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar C.-H. Chen; C.-H. Chen *Department of Molecular Pharmacology Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5332, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M.-H. Disatnik; M.-H. Disatnik ‡ Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar D. Ron D. Ron § Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1995) 23 (3): 596–600. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0230596 Article history Received: March 23 1995 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation D. Mochly-Rosen, B. L. Smith, C.-H. Chen, M.-H. Disatnik, D. Ron; Interaction of protein kinase C with RACKI, a receptor for activated C-kinase: a role in β protein kinase C mediated signal transduction. Biochem Soc Trans 1 August 1995; 23 (3): 596–600. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0230596 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: PKC, protein kinase C, cPKC, conventional PKC, RACK, receptor for activated C-kinase, WD40, 40 amino acid repeat sequence This content is only available as a PDF. © 1995 Biochemical Society1995 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
<i> <scp>KLB</scp> </i> , encoding β‐Klotho, is mutated in patients with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (2017)

Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) is a rare genetic form of isolated gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) deficiency caused by mutations in > 30 genes. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (<i>FGFR1</i>) is the most frequently mutated gene in CHH and is implicated in GnRH neuron development and maintenance. We note that a CHH <i>FGFR1</i> mutation (p.L342S) decreases signaling of the metabolic regulator FGF21 by impairing the association of FGFR1 with β-Klotho (KLB), the obligate co-receptor for FGF21. We thus hypothesized that the metabolic FGF21/KLB/FGFR1 pathway is involved in CHH Genetic screening of 334 CHH patients identified seven heterozygous loss-of-function <i>KLB</i> mutations in 13 patients (4%). Most patients with <i>KLB</i> mutations (9/13) exhibited metabolic defects. In mice, lack of <i>Klb</i> led to delayed puberty, altered estrous cyclicity, and subfertility due to a hypothalamic defect associated with inability of GnRH neurons to release GnRH in response to FGF21. Peripheral FGF21 administration could indeed reach GnRH neurons through circumventricular organs in the hypothalamus. We conclude that FGF21/KLB/FGFR1 signaling plays an essential role in GnRH biology, potentially linking metabolism with reproduction.
A Novel Timing Synchronization Method for Localized OFDMA Uplink System (2006)

This paper proposes a novel symbol timing synchronization method for localized OFDMA uplink system. Two neighboring pilot symbols are designed for timing synchronization utilizing the property of successive subcarrier assignment. For OFDMA separation, there is almost no inter-user interference, which is very beneficial for timing synchronization. At receiver, the position of the pilot symbols can be found by correlating the received signal with the local pilot replica. For better correlation result, Zadoff-Chu sequence is employed as the pilot data for its ideal autocorrelation property, which can well suppress the inter-multipath interferences. Furthermore, a novel timing metric is constructed according to the obtained correlation profile by using the special pilot structure. The timing metric is proportional to the received SNR and has a plateau since the CP length is designed larger than the maximum channel delay. The timing estimator is dedicated to locate in the middle position of the ISI-free CP part for this timing offset will not degrade system BER performance. Simulations results demonstrate that the proposed timing estimator can work well in localized OFDMA uplink system. As long as the maximum channel delay is shorter than the CP length, it can reach the same BER performance with that of ideal synchronization.
Generation and Evolution of Spin-, Valley-, and Layer-Polarized Excited Carriers in Inversion-Symmetric <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>WSe</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2016)

We report the spin-selective optical excitation of carriers in inversion-symmetric bulk samples of the transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) WSe_{2}. Employing time- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (trARPES) and complementary time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT), we observe spin-, valley-, and layer-polarized excited state populations upon excitation with circularly polarized pump pulses, followed by ultrafast (<100 fs) scattering of carriers towards the global minimum of the conduction band. TDDFT reveals the character of the conduction band, into which electrons are initially excited, to be two-dimensional and localized within individual layers, whereas at the minimum of the conduction band, states have a three-dimensional character, facilitating interlayer charge transfer. These results establish the optical control of coupled spin-, valley-, and layer-polarized states in centrosymmetric materials with locally broken symmetries and suggest the suitability of TMDC multilayer and heterostructure materials for valleytronic and spintronic device concepts.
Cervical Spine Changes in Rheumatoid Arthritis (2001)

Väitöskirjatyössä tutkittiin nivelreuman aiheuttamien kaularankamuutosten diagnostiikkaa, esiintyvyyttä, riskitekijöitä ja hoitoa sekä muutoksiin liittyvää kuolleisuutta. Työssä käytettiin epidemiologisia ja radiologisia menetelmiä.\n\nTutkimustyössä osoitettiin että jopa 42%lle nivelreumapotilaista kehittyy 20-vuoden seurannassa kaularangan alueen nikamien välisiä siirtymiä. Riski kaularankamuutoksiin oli suurentunut potilailla, joilla esiintyi myös muiden nivelten vaurioita tai alentunut reisiluun kaulan luuntiheys. Jopa 10%lla potilaista muutokset olivat niin vaikeita, että ne saattavat aiheuttaa hermojuurten tai selkäytimen vaurioita. Totesimme myös, että epidemiologisesti kaularankamuutokset eivät lyhennä nivelreumapotilaiden oletettua elinikää, mutta yksilökohtaisesti ne saattavat aiheuttaa vakavia, jopa kuolemaan johtavia komplikaatioita. Lopuksi työryhmämme osoitti ensimmäistä kertaa, että tehokkaalla lääkehoidolla pystytään ehkäisemään kaularankamuutosten kehittymistä varhaisvaiheen nivelreumassa.\n\nTulevaisuudessa tehokkaalla lääkehoidolla saatetaan pystyä ehkäisemään nivelreumaan liittyvien kaularankamuutosten kehittymistä myös pitkällä tähtäimellä, jolloin myös myöhäisvaiheen vaikeat vauriot ja niihin liittyvät komplikaatiot vähenevät.
Outline of Membrane Permeation (1981)

Physico-chemical expressions are discussed for three coefficients Lf, σ and P, to characterize membranes. The filtration coefficient Lf consists of two parts: the one related to Poiseuille's hydrodynamic flow and the other to migration of water molecules by diffusion and the latter is responsible to the selective permeability of reverse osmosis membranes. Since the tortuosity is not the same in these two processes, the membrane coefficient f is larger for the latter than for the former. The reflection or rejection coefficient cr is smaller than 1 for imperfect semi-permeable membranes. In this connection, the membrane equilibrium, dialysis, and ultrafiltration are discussed. The membrane permeation coefficient P is approximated by the product of the membrane coefficient f, the partition coefficient at the membrane surface σ and the diffusion coeffi-cient in the membrane Ds. The value of P of a charged membrane for an electrolyte decreases with decrease of the electrolyte concentration because β decreases by the effect of membrane potential. Reverse permeation (P<0) may be caused either by the difference of β between two surfaces of a membrane, or, if the solutes are electrolytes, by a negative value of Ds due to electrical potential gradient.
Mask-RCNN Based People Detection Using A Top-View Fisheye Camera (2019)

People detection is a core problem in many applications, such as those related to visual surveillance and behavior analysis. In recent years, we have seen dramatic improvements of people detection techniques based on deep neural networks. However, most of the techniques are developed for projective cameras where people mostly appear upright in the images. On the other hand, images taken with top-view fisheye cameras, another major modality used in visual surveillance, have received little attention. In this paper, we present a study on extending the well-known Mask-RCNN people detection algorithm to such images.
Generation of Radiolabeled "Soot-Like" Ultrafine Aerosols Suitable for Use in Human Inhalation Studies (2000)

We have developed a method for radiolabeling ultrafine carbon particle aggregates with technetium-99m. The carbon aggregate aerosol was chosen to mimic the physical properties of urban combustion or ''soot-like'' particulate. The radioisotope is a short lived (t1/2 = 6.02 h) gamma emitter commonly used in human studies where scintigraphic methods are employed. Primary carbon parti cles, the aggregation of which is controlled by concentration and time, were produced by arcing between graphite electrodes under an argon atmosphere. Radiolabeling of particles was accomplished by applying a pertechnetate solution onto the tips of electrodes prior to arcing. The activity median diameter of experimental aerosols could be varied from 50 to 150 nm. The specific activity of aerosols increased with the amount of activity applied to the electrodes and decreased with time of generator operation. In-vitro leaching of the radioisotope from particles into solution was also measured. Leaching appeared to increase with the specific activity of the aerosol but was not affected by particle size.
Red Wine Does Not Reduce Mature Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E–Deficient Mice (2001)

Neither ethanol nor red wine polyphenols reduced mature atherosclerosis or changed the content of collagen in plaques in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.
Research on key application issues of smart synchronous rectifier driver IC in LLC resonant converter (2011)

In this paper, several key application issues of smart synchronous rectifier (SR) driver IC which is applied in LLC resonant converter are studied and researched. With the smart SR diver IC applied to drive the secondary-side SRs, the LLC resonant converter can further improve the efficiency and be suitable for the application which requires high power density such as brick power modules. Many smart SR driver ICs have been produced and are widely used in this application. However, with the smart SR driver IC applied in the LLC resonant converter, the reverse current problem in secondary side may occur when the converter operates at the status of light load, start up and load transient. The reverse current will low down the efficiency of circuit or even break down the converter. This paper mainly studies and analyzes the reasons of the reverse current problem caused by the utilization of smart SR driver IC in LLC resonant converter in detail and proposes some simple solutions in theory as well. The experimental results are obtained from a 400W (12V/33A) power module prototype which verifies the theoretical analysis.
Integrated Millimeter-Wave Wideband End-Fire 5G Beam Steerable Array and Low-Frequency 4G LTE Antenna in Mobile Terminals (2019)

In this paper, a novel technique of collocating a millimeter-wave end-fire 5G beam steerable array antenna with a low-frequency planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) is presented. In this technique, the low-frequency antenna can be transparent by using some grating strips between the low- and high-frequency antennas. A quad-element mm-wave array with end-fire radiation patterns operating in 22-31 GHz is integrated with a dual-band low-frequency PIFA in a mobile terminal. The novelty of this paper is the collocation of a high-frequency end-fire 5G antenna array with an old-generation low-frequency antenna, such as 4G in small space in the mobile terminal, without interfering with the radiation pattern and impedance matching of both low- and high-frequency antennas. The proposed 5G antenna covers 22-31 GHz and can scan ±50° with the scan loss of better than 3 dB. The coverage efficiency of the proposed mm-wave 5G antenna is better than 50% and 80% for a minimum gain of 4 and 0 dBi in 22-31 GHz, respectively. The gain of the high-frequency antenna array is better than 9.5 dBi at 28 GHz. The low-frequency antenna covers some practical 4G LTE bands from 740-960 MHz and 1.7-2.2 GHz bands. The measured results in both low and high frequencies agree well with the simulations.
Drebrin A is a postsynaptic protein that localizes in vivo to the submembranous surface of dendritic sites forming excitatory synapses (2005)

Drebrin A is a neuron-specific, actin binding protein. Evidence to date is from in vitro studies, consistently supporting the involvement of drebrin A in spinogenesis and synaptogenesis. We sought to determine whether drebrin A arrives at the plasma membrane of neurons, in vivo, in time to orchestrate spinogenesis and synaptogenesis. To this end, a new antibody was used to locate drebrin A in relation to electron microscopically imaged synapses during early postnatal days. Western blotting showed that drebrin A emerges at postnatal day (PNd) 6 and becomes progressively more associated with F-actin in the pellet fraction. Light microscopy showed high concentrations of drebrin A in the synaptic layers of the hippocampus and cortex. Electron microscopy revealed that drebrin A in these regions is located exclusively in dendrites both neonatally and in adulthood. In adulthood, nearly all of the synaptic drebrin A is within spines forming asymmetric excitatory synapses, verified by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) negativity. At PNd7, patches of drebrin A immunoreactivity were discretely localized to the submembranous surfaces of dendrites forming slight protrusions-protospines. The drebrin A sites exhibited only thin postsynaptic densities and lacked axonal associations or were contacted by axons that contained only a few vesicles. Yet, because of their immunoreactivity to the NR2B subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and immunonegativity of axon terminals to GABA, these could be presumed to be nascent, excitatory synapses. Thus, drebrin A may be involved in organizing the dendritic pool of actin for the formation of spines and of axospinous excitatory synapses during early postnatal periods.
The First Total Synthesis of (±)-Huperzine B (1997)

Huperzine B, a new Lycopodium alkaloid, exhibits a memory facilitating effect in mice and may be useful as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. An efficient synthetic approach to huperzine B has been established successfully. The tetracyclic intermediate 10 is constructed by means of a tandem Michael addition and intramolecular Mannich cyclization using 8 and 9 as two components. Racemic huperzine B is obtained via a reaction sequence of 12 steps in 6.6% overall yield.
Volume rendering quantification algorithm for reconstruction of CT volume-rendered structures. 1. Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (2000)

Volume rendering is a visualization technique that has important applications in diagnostic radiology and in radiotherapy but has not achieved widespread use due, in part, to the lack of volumetric analysis tools for comparison of volume rendering to conventional visualization techniques. The volume rendering quantification algorithm (VRQA), a technique for three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction of a structure identified on six principal volume-rendered views, is introduced and described. VRQA involves three major steps: 1) preprocessing of the partial surfaces constructed from each of six volume-rendered images; 2) merging these processed partial surfaces to define the boundaries of a volume; and 3) computation of the volume of the structure from this boundary information. After testing on phantoms, VRQA was applied to CT data of patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVM's). Because volumetric visualization of the cerebral AVM is relatively insensitive to operator dependencies, such as the choice of opacity transfer function, and because precise volumetric definition of the AVM is necessary for radiosurgical treatment planning, it is representative of a class of structures that is ideal for testing and calibration of VRQA. AVM volumes obtained using VRQA are intermediate to those obtained using axial contouring and those obtained using CT-correlated biplanar angiography (two routinely used visualization techniques for treatment planning for AVM's). Applications and potential expansions of VRQA are discussed.
Where to Go Next: A Spatio-Temporal Gated Network for Next POI Recommendation (2019)

Next Point-of-Interest (POI) recommendation is of great value for both location-based service providers and users. However, the state-of-the-art Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) rarely consider the spatio-temporal intervals between neighbor check-ins, which are essential for modeling user check-in behaviors in next POI recommendation. To this end, in this paper, we propose a new Spatio-Temporal Gated Network (STGN) by enhancing long-short term memory network, where spatio-temporal gates are introduced to capture the spatio-temporal relationships between successive checkins. Specifically, two pairs of time gate and distance gate are designed to control the short-term interest and the longterm interest updates, respectively. Moreover, we introduce coupled input and forget gates to reduce the number of parameters and further improve efficiency. Finally, we evaluate the proposed model using four real-world datasets from various location-based social networks. The experimental results show that our model significantly outperforms the state-ofthe-art approaches for next POI recommendation.