gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 322: Selective inhibition of MYC expression by a small molecule G-quadruplex stabilizer (2016)

Abstract MYC overexpression or amplification is commonly seen in a wide variety of tumor types, including multiple myeloma. Although MYC appears to be an important driver of the oncogenic phenotype, the helix-loop-helix topology, short half-life, and rapid replenishment of its encoded protein make it a particularly challenging drug target. However, the promoter region of the MYC gene contains a G-quadruplex (G4) DNA secondary structure that can be stabilized to block transcription. Recently, we reported the identification of a compound from a small molecule microarray screen that selectively binds the MYC G4, compared with other oncogenes that also contain G4s, and inhibits MYC mRNA and protein expression, leading to cell cycle arrest in human multiple myeloma cell lines (ACS Chem Biol. 2015). Here we describe the in vitro and in vivo evaluation of a more potent analog that retains the selectivity of the original compound for the MYC G4 sequence. After observing strong growth inhibitory activity of this new compound in a diverse panel of human cancer cell lines, we evaluated its pharmacokinetic and toxicity profiles in mice. Preliminary pharmacokinetic studies showed promising serum bioavailability and exposure properties when administered either intravenously or intraperitoneally. The compound was well tolerated in a month long, dose-escalation toxicity study in mice receiving daily administration of the compound. No adverse effects were observed during the study. In an assessment of short term in vivo activity, MYC expression was inhibited in multiple myeloma xenografts. More long-term studies to evaluate the anti-tumor activity of the compound are currently in progress. Thus, our data provide evidence that small molecule stabilization of the MYC G4 can drive transcriptional silencing of oncogenic MYC expression both in vitro and in vivo. Citation Format: Elena C. Leon, John K. Simmons, David Calabrese, Wendy DuBois, Kenneth Felsenstein, Lindsey B. Saunders, Shuling Zhang, Aleksandra Michalowski, Frank Gonzalez, Beverly A. Mock, John S. Schneekloth. Selective inhibition of MYC expression by a small molecule G-quadruplex stabilizer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 322.
A buried-trench DRAM cell using a self-aligned epitaxy over trench technology (2003)

A novel three-dimensional buried trench (BT) memory cell, suitable for DRAM (dynamic random access memories) of 64 Mb or beyond, has been demonstrated. It uses a novel self-aligned-epitaxy-over-trench (SEOT) technology which allows the fabrication of the cell horizontal access transistor in bulk material epitaxially grown over the trench capacitor. The via connection between the access transistor and the buried trench is a vertical sublithographic contact self-aligned to the trench. This BT cell, with a minimum of 10.8 lithographic squares, was fabricated in a submicron n-well epitaxial CMOS process incorporating the SEOT technology.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Modifying an Image Fusion Approach for High Spatiotemporal LST Retrieval in Surface Dryness and Evapotranspiration Estimations (2020)

Thermal infrared (TIR) satellite images are generally employed to retrieve land surface temperature (LST) data in remote sensing. LST data have been widely used in evapotranspiration (ET) estimation based on satellite observations over broad regions, as well as the surface dryness associated with vegetation index. Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) can provide LST data with a 30-m spatial resolution. However, rapid changes in environmental factors, such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and soil moisture, will affect the dynamics of ET. Therefore, ET estimation needs a high temporal resolution as well as a high spatial resolution for daily, diurnal, or even hourly analysis. A challenge with satellite observations is that higher-spatial-resolution sensors have a lower temporal resolution, and vice versa. Previous studies solved this limitation by developing a spatial and temporal adaptive reflectance fusion model (STARFM) for visible images. In this study, with the primary mechanism (thermal emission) of TIRS, surface emissivity is used in the proposed spatial and temporal adaptive emissivity fusion model (STAEFM) as a modification of the original STARFM for fusing TIR images instead of reflectance. For high a temporal resolution, the advanced Himawari imager (AHI) onboard the Himawari-8 satellite is explored. Thus, Landsat-like TIR images with a 10-minute temporal resolution can be synthesized by fusing TIR images of Himawari-8 AHI and Landsat-8 TIRS. The performance of the STAEFM to retrieve LST was compared with the STARFM and enhanced STARFM (ESTARFM) based on the similarity to the observed Landsat image and differences with air temperature. The peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) value of the STAEFM image is more than 42 dB, while the values for STARFM and ESTARFM images are around 31 and 38 dB, respectively. The differences of LST and air temperature data collected from five meteorological stations are 1.53 °C to 4.93 °C, which are smaller compared with STARFM’s and ESATRFM’s. The examination of the case study showed reasonable results of hourly LST, dryness index, and ET retrieval, indicating significant potential for the proposed STAEFM to provide very-high-spatiotemporal-resolution (30 m every 10 min) TIR images for surface dryness and ET monitoring.
One-step spiroannulation using 1,2-bis(methylene)cycloalkane-magnesium reagents (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOne-step spiroannulation using 1,2-bis(methylene)cycloalkane-magnesium reagentsReuben D. Rieke and Heping XiongCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 24, 6560–6565Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00050a036https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00050a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views266Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Eszopiclone in Patients With Insomnia During Perimenopause and Early Postmenopause (2006)

I.
Polarization-insensitive integrated-optical switches: a new electrode design (1977)

The combination of two different types of electrodes in integrated optical switches is shown to permit polarization- insensitive operation. The ability to process arbitrarily polarized light is critical to the use of integrated optical devices with glass fiber transmission lines, due to the rapid changes in polarization state of light propagating in the fibers. We examine the performance of a Deltabeta reversal switch which uses two different types of electrodes and show that polarization-insensitive operation is readily achievable.
Physical and Oxidative Stability of Fish Oil-in-Water Emulsions Stabilized with β-Lactoglobulin and Pectin (2008)

The oxidation of fatty acids can be inhibited by engineering the surface of oil-in-water emulsion droplets to decrease interactions between aqueous phase prooxidants and lipids. The objective of this research was to evaluate whether emulsions stabilized by a multilayer emulsifier systems consisting of beta-lactoglobulin and citrus or sugar beet pectin could produce fish oil-in-water emulsions that had good physical and oxidative stability. Sugar beet pectin was compared to citrus pectin because the sugar beet pectin contains the known antioxidant, ferulic acid. A primary Menhaden oil-in-water emulsion was prepared with beta-lactoglobulin upon which the pectins were electrostatically deposited at pH 3.5. Emulsions prepared with 1% oil, 0.05% beta-lactoglobulin, and 0.06% pectins were physically stable for up to 16 days. As determined by monitoring lipid hydroperoxide and headspace propanal formation, emulsions prepared with the multilayer system of beta-lactoglobulin and citrus pectin were more stable than emulsions stabilized with beta-lactoglobulin alone. Emulsions prepared with the multilayer system of beta-lactoglobulin and sugar beet pectin were less stable than emulsions stabilized with beta-lactoglobulin alone despite the presence of ferulic acid in the sugar beet pectin. The lower oxidative stability of the emulsions with the sugar beet pectin could be due to its higher iron and copper concentrations which would produce oxidative stress that would overcome the antioxidant capacity of ferulic acid. These data suggest that the oxidative stability of oil-in-water emulsions containing omega-3 fatty acids could be improved by the use of multilayer emulsion systems containing pectins with low metal concentrations.
The role of hyaluronan‐binding protein in assembly of pericellular matrices (1992)

Hyaluronan-dependent pericellular matrices or "coats" are expressed by a variety of cell types in culture and modulation of their expression may be important in regulation of cell interactions in vivo during development. Monoclonal antibody IVd4, which recognizes hyaluronan-binding protein with the properties of a hyaluronan receptor, was shown to block formation of these coats by a variety of cells. Using rat fibrosarcoma cells, it was found that the antibody not only blocked initial formation of the coats but also caused their loss when added subsequent to formation. The loss of preformed coats in the presence of antibody occurred at 4 degrees and 37 degrees, implying that the function of hyaluronan-binding protein in coat formation is not in mediating metabolic processes. The antibody also had no significant effect on hyaluronan production by the fibrosarcoma cells. In addition, hyaluronan hexasaccharide, a competitive inhibitor of the interaction between polymeric hyaluronan and its cell surface receptor, was found to inhibit coat formation. Thus it is concluded that a hyaluronan-binding protein with the properties of a hyaluronan receptor is required for pericellular matrix formation.
The Stacked Amplified Thermomechanical In-Plane Microactuator (StATIM) (2004)

A compact large-displacement staged thermal actuator, the Stacked Amplified Thermomechanical In-plane Microactuator (StATIM), is introduced in this paper. The StATIM has a large ratio of output displacement to device area, while still providing significant output force. The device utilizes the multi-layer, planarized nature of Sandia National Laboratories’ SUMMiT V surface micromachining process. The StATIM is derived from the Amplified Thermomechanical In-plane Microactuator, or ATIM, which is described briefly. Two configurations of the StATIM fabricated in the SUMMiT V process are presented. The first device has a footprint of 0.40 mm2 and an output displacement of 39.3 μm, for a displacement density of 97.8 μm/mm2. The second, with a footprint of 0.26 mm2, has a 43.9 μm displacement and a displacement density of 169.8 μm/mm2. The fully compliant nature of the StATIM results in reliable, low-friction performance. The output displacement and force of the StATIM are sufficient for a wide range of applications, and its compact design preserves die space.
Real-Time Calibration and Monitoring of Radar Reflectivity on Nationwide Dual-Polarization Weather Radar Network (2021)

Monitoring calibration bias in reflectivity (ZH) in an operational S-band dual-polarization weather radar is the primary requisite for monitoring and prediction (nowcasting) of severe weather and routine weather forecasting using a weather radar network. For this purpose, we combined methods based on self-consistency (SC), ground clutter (GC) monitoring, and intercomparison to monitor the ZH in real time by complementing the limitations of each method. The absolute calibration bias can be calculated based on the SC between dual-polarimetric observations. Unfortunately, because SC is valid for rain echoes, it is impossible to monitor reflectivity during the non-precipitation period. GC monitoring is an alternative method for monitoring changes in calibration bias regardless of weather conditions. The statistics of GC ZH near radar depend on the changes in radar system status, such as antenna pointing and calibration bias. The change in GC ZH relative to the baseline was defined as the relative calibration adjustment (RCA). The calibration bias was estimated from the change in RCA, which was similar to that estimated from the SC. The ZH in the overlapping volume of adjacent radars was compared to verify the homogeneity of ZH over the radar network after applying the calibration bias estimated from the SC. The mean bias between two radars was approximately 0.0 dB after correcting calibration bias. We can conclude that the combined method makes it possible to use radar measurements, which are immune to calibration bias, and to diagnose malfunctioning radar systems as soon as possible.
Nonlinear transformation of color coordinates for color reproduction by a 3-layered neural network (1992)

A conventional color reproduction theories widely used in the color reproduction systems have been established by Yule et al. [1] . However, some kinds of problems, such as the difference of the reproduced color between a color monitor and a color printer, have occured because these theories are based on the densitometoric color value and/or other device-dependent color representation. We now require a device-independent representation of color information to reproduce color accurately. That is, we should adopt CIEXYZ value or other colorimetric values for color reproduction theories. Furthermore, we require the mothod of transformation between device-dependent color representation and independent color representations. Laihanen and other investigator [4] [2] attempted to establish the transformation method by using a Look-up-table and/or Neugebauer equations [3] and indicated that these methods cannot be used for practical applications because of the problems such as accuracy of the transformation and/or calculation cost.
Video Matting via Sparse and Low-Rank Representation (2015)

We introduce a novel method of video matting via sparse and low-rank representation. Previous matting methods [10, 9] introduced a nonlocal prior to estimate the alpha matte and have achieved impressive results on some data. However, on one hand, searching inadequate or excessive samples may miss good samples or introduce noise, on the other hand, it is difficult to construct consistent nonlocal structures for pixels with similar features, yielding spatially and temporally inconsistent video mattes. In this paper, we proposed a novel video matting method to achieve spatially and temporally consistent matting result. Toward this end, a sparse and low-rank representation model is introduced to pursue consistent nonlocal structures for pixels with similar features. The sparse representation is used to adaptively select best samples and accurately construct the nonlocal structures for all pixels, while the low-rank representation is used to globally ensure consistent nonlocal structures for pixels with similar features. The two representations are combined to generate consistent video mattes. Experimental results show that our method has achieved high quality results in a variety of challenging examples featuring illumination changes, feature ambiguity, topology changes, transparency variation, dis-occlusion, fast motion and motion blur.
<title>A Concept For A Phased Array Laser Transmitter</title> (1984)

A concept is described for phasing the outputs of a multiple telescope array used as a laser transmitter. The technique uses samples of the transmitted beams to control optical path lengths through the separate telescopes so that the beams add coherently at the receiver. The phasing concept is applicable both to systems which provide inputs to the multiple telescopes by dividing a single laser beam and to systems in which the inputs to the telescopes and multiple, phase-locked laser beams. The approach is also compatible with single line and multi-line lasers, and it does not entail stringent alignment requirements. The concept uses a three step procedure to find the zero optical path difference condition and to effect fine control of the optical path lengths through the different telescopes. Algorithms are described for estimating the phase mismatch from focal plane measurements. The technique is susceptible to errors induced by local aberrations within the individual telescopes. The errors and one possible solution, the use of redundant measurements, are discussed. Performance requirements for a phased array laser transmitter are described.
Computed Axial Lithography (CAL): Toward Single Step 3D Printing of\n Arbitrary Geometries (2017)

Most additive manufacturing processes today operate by printing voxels (3D\npixels) serially point-by-point to build up a 3D part. In some more\nrecently-developed techniques, for example optical printing methods such as\nprojection stereolithography [Zheng et al. 2012], [Tumbleston et al. 2015],\nparts are printed layer-by-layer by curing full 2d (very thin in one dimension)\nlayers of the 3d part in each print step. There does not yet exist a technique\nwhich is able to print arbitrarily-defined 3D geometries in a single print\nstep. If such a technique existed, it could be used to expand the range of\nprintable geometries in additive manufacturing and relax constraints on factors\nsuch as overhangs in topology optimization. It could also vastly increase print\nspeed for 3D parts. In this work, we develop the principles for an approach for\nsingle exposure 3D printing of arbitrarily defined geometries. The approach,\ntermed Computed Axial Lithgography (CAL), is based on tomographic\nreconstruction, with mathematical optimization to generate a set of projections\nto optically define an arbitrary dose distribution within a target volume. We\ndemonstrate the potential ability of the technique to print 3D parts using a\nprototype CAL system based on sequential illumination from many angles. We also\npropose new hardware designs which will help us to realize true single-shot\narbitrary-geometry 3D CAL.\n
Microbial Oxidation of Gaseous Hydrocarbons: Production of Methyl Ketones from Their Corresponding Secondary Alcohols by Methane- and Methanol-Grown Microbes (1979)

Cultures of methane- or methanol-utilizing microbes, including obligate (both types I and II) and facultative methylotrophic bacteria, obligate methanol utilizers, and methanol-grown yeasts were isolated from lake water of Warinanco Park, Linden, N.J., and lake and soil samples of Bayway Refinery, Linden, N.J. Resting-cell suspensions of these, and of other known C1-utilizing microbes, oxidized secondary alcohols to their corresponding methyl ketones. The product methyl ketones accumulated extracellularly. Succinate-grown cells of facultative methylotrophs did not oxidize secondary alcohols. Among the secondary alcohols, 2-butanol was oxidized at the highest rate. The optimal conditions for in vivo methyl ketone formation were compared among five different types of C1-utilizing microbes. Some enzymatic degradation of 2-butanone was observed. The product, 2-butanone, did not inhibit the oxidation of 2-butanol. The rate of the 2-butanone production was linear for the first 4 h of incubation for all five cultures tested. A yeast culture had the highest production rate. The optimum temperature for the production of 2-butanone was 35°C for all the bacteria tested. The yeast culture had a higher temperature optimum (40°C), and there was a reasonably high 2-butanone production rate even at 45°C. Metal-chelating agents inhibit the production of 2-butanone, suggesting the involvement of metal(s) in the oxidation of secondary alcohols. Secondary alcohol dehydrogenase activity was found in the cell-free soluble extract of sonically disrupted cells. The cell-free system requires a cofactor, specifically nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, for its activity. This is the first report of a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent, secondary alcohol-specific enzyme.
Prediction of Ventricular Arrhythmias in Patients at Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death (2011)

Sudden cardiac deaths remain the major cause of mortality in the western world. Ventricular arrhythmia due to ischemic heart disease is the most frequent cause of sudden cardiac death. In patients >35 years of age, ischemic heart disease is the most frequent cause of ventricular arrhythmias. In patients <35 years of age, inherited cardiac diseases play a significant role in sudden cardiac death. Prediction of who will experience a life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia is a major challenge in current cardiology. An implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) provides efficient preventive treatment for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death and is implanted in patients at risk. However, risk stratification of ventricular arrhythmias is insufficient and the majority of patients dying suddenly have not been evaluated for ICD therapy. Patients after myocardial infarction are at high risk for cardiac arrhythmic events and sudden cardiac death (Zipes, 2006). Currently, LV ejection fraction (EF) is the primary parameter used to select patients for ICD therapy after a myocardial infarction. Impaired EF is shown to be a marker of increased cardiovascular mortality and sudden cardiac death. However, EF has relatively low sensitivity to detect arrhythmic risk (Buxton, 2007). A number of other diagnostic tests have been proposed to improve the accuracy for selection of patients for ICD therapy. Currently available data, however, are not adequate to routinely recommend additional risk-stratification methods for selection of patients for ICD therapy (Passman, 2007). The presence of myocardial scar forms the substrate for malignant arrhythmias (Zipes, 1998). Heterogeneity in scar tissue may create areas of slow conduction that generate the substrate for ventricular arrhythmia post-myocardial infarction (Verma, 2005). Electrical dispersion, including both activation time and refractoriness, in infarcted tissue is a known arrhythmogenic factor, (Endresen, 1987; Han, 1964; Janse, 1989; Vassallo, 1988). Electrical abnormalities may lead to distorted myocardial function (Nagueh, 2008). Therefore, regional differences in electrical properties may cause heterogeneity of myocardial contraction which can be recognized as myocardial dyssynchrony (Yu, 2003). In this report, a novel echocardiographic method will be presented in order to evaluate the cardiac contractility pattern in patients at increased risk of life-threatening arrhythmias.