gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemical Characterization of Latent Fingerprints by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization, Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry, Mega Electron Volt Secondary Mass Spectrometry, Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, and Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Imaging: An Intercomparison (2012)

The first analytical intercomparison of fingerprint residue using equivalent samples of latent fingerprint residue and characterized by a suite of relevant techniques is presented. This work has never been undertaken, presumably due to the perishable nature of fingerprint residue, the lack of fingerprint standards, and the intradonor variability, which impacts sample reproducibility. For the first time, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, high-energy secondary ion mass spectrometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are used to target endogenous compounds in fingerprints and a method is presented for establishing their relative abundance in fingerprint residue. Comparison of the newer techniques with the more established gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic imaging shows good agreement between the methods, with each method detecting repeatable differences between the donors, with the exception of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization, for which quantitative analysis has not yet been established. We further comment on the sensitivity, selectivity, and practicability of each of the methods for use in future police casework or academic research.
Method of color coding two dimensional ultrasonic doppler velocity images of blood flow on a display (1991)

First Page
Enhancing the Atom Economy of Polyketide Biosynthetic Processes through Metabolic Engineering (2001)

Polyketides, a large family of bioactive natural products, are synthesized from building blocks derived from alpha-carboxylated Coenzyme A thioesters such as malonyl-CoA and (2S)-methylmalonyl-CoA. The productivity of polyketide fermentation processes in natural and heterologous hosts is frequently limited by the availability of these precursors in vivo. We describe a metabolic engineering strategy to enhance both the yield and volumetric productivity of polyketide biosynthesis. The genes matB and matC from Rhizobium trifolii encode a malonyl-CoA synthetase and a putative dicarboxylate transport protein, respectively. These proteins can directly convert exogenous malonate and methylmalonate into their corresponding CoA thioesters with an ATP requirement of 2 mol per mol of acyl-CoA produced. Heterologous expression of matBC in a recombinant strain of Streptomyces coelicolor that produces the macrolactone 6-deoxyerythronolide B results in a 300% enhancement of macrolactone titers. The unusual efficiency of the bioconversion is illustrated by the fact that approximately one-third of the methylmalonate units added to the fermentation medium are converted into macrolactones. The direct conversion of inexpensive feedstocks such as malonate and methylmalonate into polyketides represents the most carbon- and energy-efficient route to these high value natural products and has implications for cost-effective fermentation of numerous commercial and development-stage small molecules.
Reduction in the sweaty smell of 3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid by cross-adaptation using its pleasant-smelling methyl esters (1998)

Magnitude estimates for a 10:1 mixture of (E)- and (Z)-3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid (3M2H), a principal component of human underarm odor, decreased following adaptation to a mixture of methyl esters of 3M2H (ME3M2H), which possess a pleasant, fruity odor. These results provide further demonstration that structurally similar, yet perceptually distinct, odorants may cross-adapt and suggest that the extent of cross-adaptation may be affected by the degree of structural, as well as perceptual, similarity.
Programmable Energy Ignition System For Engine Optimization (1975)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Emission control requirements have prompted optimization studies of many engine parameters, such as engine geometry, fuel preparation, and ignition. This paper describes an experimental ignition system which permits these studies with a spark that has an adjustable power level and independent programmable arc duration.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This new ignition system uses inductive-discharge to strike the arc and, together with transformer action, sustains the arc from a single coil for any duration. Its principal features are: (1) programmable arc duration, (2) high arc current for full arc period, (3) fast voltage rise, (4) low average battery current drain, (5) no intermediate power supply, and (6) since it uses inductive storage, it can be integrated into present electronic systems if the need is proven. Limited test results are presented to show the effect of arc duration on engine operation.</div>
Purification of human protease nexin. (1983)

Addition of several arginine-specific serine proteases to culture medium conditioned by fibroblasts results in the proteases being taken into sodium dodecyl sulfate-stable complexes with a secreted factor termed protease nexin (PN) (Baker, J. B., Low, D. A., Simmer, R. L., and Cunningham, D. D. (1980) Cell 21, 37-45). PN not only inhibits these degradative enzymes but also mediates their binding, internalization, and degradation by the cells (Low, D. A., Baker, J. B., Koonce, W. C., and Cunningham, D. D. (1981) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 78, 2340-2344). Here we describe a simple procedure for purifying milligram quantities of PN from serum-free medium conditioned by human foreskin cells. Accumulation of PN in the medium is increased by using high density microcarrier cultures supplemented with epidermal growth factor and bovine serum albumin. Application of ultrafiltration-concentrated medium to a heparin-Sepharose column followed by extensive washing of the column with buffer containing 0.2 M NaCl and elution with buffer containing 1.0 M NaCl results in the recovery of 60-90% of the input PN in a form that is 90-97% pure. This preparation can be further purified by hydrophobic chromatography on octyl-agarose. Purified PN has a molecular mass of approximately 51 kilodaltons. On nonequilibrium pH gradient electrophoresis it migrates as five bands with isoelectric points between 7.5 and 7.8. Purified PN exhibits all the properties attributed to PN in culture medium. These include: 1) formation of sodium dodecyl sulfate-stable complexes with thrombin, urokinase, and plasmin; 2) inhibition of protease activity; 3) heparin-enhanced inhibition of thrombin; and 4) cellular binding of protease-PN complexes in a heparin-sensitive reaction. When thrombin-PN complexes are dissociated with 1 M hydroxylamine a smaller form of PN (approximately 46 kilodaltons) is detected by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, indicating that the complexed PN is proteolytically modified.
Multilingual information identification and extraction from imaged documents using optical correlator (2002)

Most organizations usually have large archives of paper documents that they maintain. These archives typically contain valuable information and data, which are imaged to provide electronic access. However, once a document is either printed or imaged, these organizations had no efficient method of retrieving information from these documents. The only methods available to retrieve information from them were to either manually read them or to convert them to ASCII text using optical character recognition (OCR). For most of the archives with large numbers of documents, these methods are problematic. Manual searches are not feasible. OCR, on the other hand, can be CPU intensive and prone to error. In addition, for many foreign languages, OCR engines do not exist. By contrast, our system provides an innovative approach to the problem of retrieving information from imaged document archives utilizing a client/server architecture. Since its beginning in 1999, we have made significant advances in the development of a system that employs optical correlation (OC) technology (either software or hardware) to access directly the textual and graphic information contained in imaged paper documents therefore eliminating the OCR process. It provides a fast, accurate means of accessing this information directly from multilingual documents. In addition, our system can also rapidly and accurately detect the presence of duplicate documents within an archive using optical correlation techniques. In this paper, we describe the present system and selected examples of its capabilities. We also present some performance results (accuracy, speed, etc.) against test document sets.
Use of Device Identity in HTTP-Enabled Location Delivery (HELD) (2011)

When a Location Information Server receives a request for location
information (using the locationRequest message), described in the base
HTTP-Enabled Location Delivery (HELD) specification, it uses the
source IP address of the arriving message as a pointer to the location
determination process. This is sufficient in environments where the
location of a Device can be determined based on its IP address. Two
additional use cases are addressed by this document. In the first,
location configuration requires additional or alternative identifiers
from the source IP address provided in the request. In the second, an
entity other than the Device requests the location of the Device.
This document extends the HELD protocol to allow the location request
message to carry Device identifiers. Privacy and security
considerations describe the conditions where requests containing
identifiers are permitted. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Toward a semantic general theory of everything (2009)

Abstract The notion of a universal semantic cognitive map is introduced as a general indexing space for semantics, useful to reduce semantic relations to geometric and topological relations. As a first step in designing the concept, the notion of semantics is operationalized in terms of human subjective experience and is related to the concept of spatial position. Then synonymy and antonymy are introduced in geometrical terms. Further analysis building on previous studies of the authors indicates that the universal semantic cognitive map should be locally low‐dimensional. This essay ends with a proposal to develop a metric system for subjective experiences based on the outlined approach. We conclude that a computationally defined universal semantic cognitive map is a necessary tool for the emerging new science of the mind: a scientific paradigm that includes subjective experience as an object of study. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity, 2010
ChemInform Abstract: A New Facile Synthesis of 2‐Alkylcyclopent‐2‐enones. (1989)

Abstract The oxiranes (I) are cleaved and recyclized upon coupling with diethyl malonate (II) in the presence of sodium ethoxide.
Sharing and Re-use of Statistical Timing Macro-Models across Multiple Voltage Domains (2016)

This paper presents an approach to solving the problem of generating a single statistical timing macro-model or abstract for a chip component, and subsequently applying it smartly at multiple voltage domain conditions at a parent level of hierarchy during hierarchical timing. This approach avoids overheads in a traditional approach of having either multiple abstracts for the same component corresponding to different voltage domains, or having excessive guard-bands in a single common abstract. Results are presented for a set of test cases including industrial microprocessor units. The results exhibit more than 200 picoseconds of improved accuracy (both pessimism reduction and optimism avoidance) when using the proposed solution in comparison to an approach that assumes a single voltage domain compatible abstract.
Expression of melanoma-associated antigens in rapidly dividing human melanocytes in culture. (1987)

Conditions were established to induce rapid clonal growth of melanocytes from newborn foreskin. Surface antigen expression was analyzed using monoclonal antibodies derived by immunization of mice with melanoma cell, melanocyte, and placental membrane preparations. Unlike resting melanocytes in normal skin, cultured melanocytes expressed most major melanoma-associated antigens tested, e.g., nerve growth factor receptor, proteoglycan, transferrin-related Mr 97,000 protein antigen, Mr 120,000 protein, and gangliosides 9-O-acetyl GD3 and GD3. HLA-DR antigen and ganglioside GD2 were expressed at very low levels or not expressed. After several subpassages, most melanocyte cultures, including clones and melanocytes, initially sorted by rosetting with monoclonal antibody to nerve growth factor receptor, lost their characteristic bipolar morphology and expression of nerve growth factor receptor and Mr 97,000 antigen but continued to express high molecular weight proteins such as proteoglycan, Mr 130,000/105,000 and 120,000 antigen. The few melanocyte cultures that did maintain their characteristic bipolar to spindle morphology continued to express all melanoma-associated antigens and even began to express HLA-DR antigens. Melanocytes cultured in the presence of the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate also maintained their bipolar morphology, were often pigmented, and continued to express melanoma-associated antigens for several passages; they did not express HLA-DR antigen. Our studies indicate that rapidly proliferating melanocytes in culture undergo antigenic changes associated with malignancy.
Preparation and characterization of poly(organophosphazene) blends (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and characterization of poly(organophosphazene) blendsHarry R. Allcock and Karyn B. VisscherCite this: Chem. Mater. 1992, 4, 6, 1182–1187Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00024a015https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00024a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views178Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Structure of Bryostatin 20:  A Symbiont-Produced Chemical Defense for Larvae of the Host Bryozoan, <i>Bugula </i><i>n</i><i>eritina</i> (2004)

Larvae of the marine bryozoan Bugula neritina are defended against potential predators by high concentrations of bryostatins, which are produced by a bacterial symbiont of the bryozoan. From the larvae of B. neritina, three bryostatins, bryostatin 10 (1), the novel bryostatin 20 (2), and an as yet uncharacterized bryostatin, were isolated that were unpalatable to fish. These deterrent bryostatins represent the first example from the marine environment of a microbial symbiont producing an antipredator defense for its host. The structure of bryostatin 20 (2) was determined by spectral comparison with previously described bryostatins.
Co-assembly of Peptide Amphiphiles and Lipids into Supramolecular Nanostructures Driven by Anion−π Interactions (2017)

Co-assembly of binary systems driven by specific non-covalent interactions can greatly expand the structural and functional space of supramolecular nanostructures. We report here on the self-assembly of peptide amphiphiles and fatty acids driven primarily by anion-π interactions. The peptide sequences investigated were functionalized with a perfluorinated phenylalanine residue to promote anion-π interactions with carboxylate headgroups in fatty acids. These interactions were verified here by NMR and circular dichroism experiments as well as investigated using atomistic simulations. Positioning the aromatic units close to the N-terminus of the peptide backbone near the hydrophobic core of cylindrical nanofibers leads to strong anion-π interactions between both components. With a low content of dodecanoic acid in this position, the cylindrical morphology is preserved. However, as the aromatic units are moved along the peptide backbone away from the hydrophobic core, the interactions with dodecanoic acid transform the cylindrical supramolecular morphology into ribbon-like structures. Increasing the ratio of dodecanoic acid to PA leads to either the formation of large vesicles in the binary systems where the anion-π interactions are strong, or a heterogeneous mixture of assemblies when the peptide amphiphiles associate weakly with dodecanoic acid. Our findings reveal how co-assembly involving designed specific interactions can drastically change supramolecular morphology and even cross from nano to micro scales.
Diluted II-VI Oxide Semiconductors with Multiple Band Gaps (2003)

We report the realization of a new mult-band-gap semiconductor. Zn(1-y)Mn(y)OxTe1-x alloys have been synthesized using the combination of oxygen ion implantation and pulsed laser melting. Incorporation of small quantities of isovalent oxygen leads to the formation of a narrow, oxygen-derived band of extended states located within the band gap of the Zn(1-y)Mn(y)Te host. When only 1.3% of Te atoms are replaced with oxygen in a Zn0.88Mn0.12Te crystal the resulting band structure consists of two direct band gaps with interband transitions at approximately 1.77 and 2.7 eV. This remarkable modification of the band structure is well described by the band anticrossing model. With multiple band gaps that fall within the solar energy spectrum, Zn(1-y)Mn(y)OxTe1-x is a material perfectly satisfying the conditions for single-junction photovoltaics with the potential for power conversion efficiencies surpassing 50%.
Simplified design of 6&#x2236;1 PUMA arrays (2015)

Advances in Planar Ultra-wideband Modular Antenna (PUMA) array architecture which have culminated into a 6:1 bandwidth design without the use of an external backplane matching network are presented. This paper will examine the additional bandwidth-enhancing operational principles of the proposed dual-polarized 6:1 PUMA array. A design and its respective full-wave simulations will then be presented, with results yielding a 6:1 bandwidth with VSWR <; 2 at broadside, VSWR <; 2.6 scanning out to θ = 45°, and a diagonal plane cross-polarization greater than 15 dB at θ = 45° for the majority of the band.
High-energy, resonantly diode-pumped, eyesafe erbium lasers (2005)

Resonantly pumped eyesafe erbium lasers are rapidly advancing, bolstered by attractive features such as a long storage lifetime, direct eyesafe emission, and high quantum efficiency. We present 1470 nm diode-pumped results in which we demonstrate >40 mJ/pulse in Q-switched operation and over 30 W in quasi-cw and repetitively Q-switched operation.
Efficient network QoS provisioning based on per node traffic shaping (1996)

This paper addresses the problem of providing per-connection end-to-end delay guarantees in a high-speed network. We consider a network comprised of store-and-forward packet switches, in which a packet scheduler is available at each output link. We assume that the network is connection oriented and enforces some admission control which ensures that the source traffic conforms to specified traffic characteristics. We concentrate on the class of rate-controlled service (RCS) disciplines, in which traffic from each connection is reshaped at every hop, and develop end-to-end delay bounds for the general case where different reshapers are used at each hop. In addition, we establish that these bounds can also be achieved when the shapers at each hop have the same "minimal" envelope. The main disadvantage of this class of service discipline is that the end-to-end delay guarantees are obtained as the sum of the worst-case delays at each node, but we show that this problem can be alleviated through "proper" reshaping of the traffic. We illustrate the impact of this reshaping by demonstrating its use in designing RCS disciplines that outperform service disciplines that are based on generalized processor sharing (GPS). Furthermore, we show that we can restrict the space of "good" shapers to a family which is characterized by only one parameter. We also describe extensions to the service discipline that make it work conserving and as a result reduce the average end-to-end delays.
A real-time ST-segment monitoring algorithm based on a multi-channel waveform-length-transform method for Q-onset and J-point detection (2014)

In the paper, we present a fully automated real-time multi-lead ST-segment monitoring algorithm. For a representative normal beat in each ST measurement interval, the ECG leads with low signal quality are excluded and the remaining leads are used in a multi-lead waveform-length transformation to form a length signal for Q-onset (Q) and J-point (J) determination. From Q, the isoelectric point is determined and used with the J to measure the ST-segment at J or J plus an offset for all available leads. A development set of 158 records and a test set of 60 records with cardiologists' beat-by-beat Q and J annotations were used to develop and evaluate the Q and J detection. The ESC ST-T Database and a 60-patient annotated 12-lead PTCA dataset were used to evaluate the algorithm's ST performance. Detailed statistical results are given in the paper. The test results demonstrate that the described ST-segment monitoring algorithm is effective and reliable.
Public key encryption and digital signatures basedon permutation polynomials (1998)

Permutation polynomials over Zn form the basis of the RSA and Dickson public key schemes. Previously, however, only those permutation polynomials whose inverse permutation polynomial was easy to evaluate have been used in cryptography. The authors propose a way to avoid this restriction in public key cryptography by implementing secret key decryption and signature generation by computation of the gcd of two polynomials. This allows the implementation of new classes of public key scheme.
Identification of APC gene mutations in Italian adenomatous polyposis coli patients by PCR-SSCP analysis. (1993)

The APC gene is a putative human tumor-suppressor gene responsible for adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), an inherited, autosomal dominant predisposition to colon cancer. It is also implicated in the development of sporadic colorectal tumors. The characterization of APC gene mutations in APC patients is clinically important because DNA-based tests can be applied for presymptomatic diagnosis once a specific mutation has been identified in a family. Moreover, the identification of the spectrum of APC gene mutations in patients is of great interest in the study of the biological properties of the APC gene product. We analyzed the entire coding region of the APC gene by the PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism method in 42 unrelated Italian APC patients. Mutations were found in 12 cases. These consist of small (5-14 bp) base-pair deletions leading to frameshifts; all are localized within exon 15. Two of these deletions, a 5-bp deletion at position 3183-3187 and a 5-bp deletion at position 3926-3930, are present in 3/42 and 7/42 cases of our series, respectively, indicating the presence of mutational hot spots at these two sites.