gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Micromirror with electromechanical pulse width modulation (2009)

A novel micromirror design is presented that can be used as a pixel in a light valve. This mirror allows grey levels to be produced without the need for binary subframes. Analog pulsewidth modulation (PWM) will be achieved without needing extra transistors in the CMOS layer below the mirror structure. This can be done by exploiting an electro-mechanical phenomenon known as ‘pull-in’. It will be shown that it is possible to make the mirror switch from a positively tilted to a negatively tilted state and back with a duty ratio that is dependent on fixed voltages on two out of four addressing electrodes underneath the mirror. The other electrodes are driven with two independent triangular waveforms. The mirror thus performs an analog to PWM conversion at the MEMS level, not at the CMOS level. The number and the distribution of grey levels does not depend on the number of binary subframes or bitplanes, resulting in less severe speed requirements for the on-chip electronics.
Reversible Electrochemical Interface of Mg Metal and Conventional Electrolyte Enabled by Intermediate Adsorption (2019)

Conventional electrolytes made by mixing simple Mg2+ salts and aprotic solvents, analogous to those in Li-ion batteries, are incompatible with Mg anodes because Mg metal readily reacts with such electrolytes, producing a passivation layer that blocks Mg2+ transport. Here, we report that, through tuning a conventional electrolyte—Mg(TFSI)2 (TFSI– is N(SO2CF3)2–)—with an Mg(BH4)2 cosalt, highly reversible Mg plating/stripping with a high Coulombic efficiency is achieved by neutralizing the first solvation shell of Mg cationic clusters between Mg2+ and TFSI– and enhanced reductive stability of free TFSI–. A critical adsorption step between Mg0 atoms and active Mg cation clusters involving BH4– anions is identified to be the key enabler for reversible Mg plating/stripping through analysis of the distribution of relaxation times (DRT) from operando electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), operando electrochemical X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Discovery of the Potent, Selective, Orally Available CXCR7 Antagonist ACT-1004-1239 (2020)

The chemokine receptor CXCR7, also known as ACKR3, is a seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) involved in various pathologies such as neurological diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancers. By binding and scavenging the chemokines CXCL11 and CXCL12, CXCR7 regulates their extracellular levels. From an original high-throughput screening campaign emerged hit <b>3</b> among others. The hit-to-lead optimization led to the discovery of a novel chemotype series exemplified by the trans racemic compound <b>11i</b>. This series provided CXCR7 antagonists that block CXCL11- and CXCL12-induced ß-arrestin recruitment. Further structural modifications on the trisubstituted piperidine scaffold of <b>11i</b> yielded compounds with high CXCR7 antagonistic activities and balanced ADMET properties. The effort described herein culminated in the discovery of ACT-1004-1239 (<b>28f</b>). Biological characterization of ACT-1004-1239 demonstrated that it is a potent, insurmountable antagonist. Oral administration of ACT-1004-1239 in mice up to 100 mg/kg led to a dose-dependent increase of plasma CXCL12 concentration.
Conformally integrated stent cell resonators for wireless monitoring of peripheral artery disease (2013)

This paper presents the design and in vitro evaluation of magnetoelastic sensors intended for wireless monitoring of tissue accumulation in peripheral artery stents. The sensors, shaped like stent cells, are fabricated from 28-μm thick foils of magnetoelastic Ni-Fe alloy and are conformally integrated with the stent. The typical sensitivity to viscosity is 427 ppm/cP over a 1.1-8.6 cP range. The sensitivity to mass loading is typically 63,000-65000 ppm/mg with resonant frequency showing an 8.1% reduction for an applied mass that is 15% of the unloaded mass of the sensor.
A Phononic Bus for Coherent Interfaces Between a Superconducting Quantum\n Processor, Spin Memory, and Photonic Quantum Networks (2020)

We introduce a method for high-fidelity quantum state transduction between a\nsuperconducting microwave qubit and the ground state spin system of a\nsolid-state artificial atom, mediated via an acoustic bus connected by\npiezoelectric transducers. Applied to present-day experimental parameters for\nsuperconducting circuit qubits and diamond silicon vacancy centers in an\noptimized phononic cavity, we estimate quantum state transduction with fidelity\nexceeding 99\\% at a MHz-scale bandwidth. By combining the complementary\nstrengths of superconducting circuit quantum computing and artificial atoms,\nthe hybrid architecture provides high-fidelity qubit gates with long-lived\nquantum memory, high-fidelity measurement, large qubit number, reconfigurable\nqubit connectivity, and high-fidelity state and gate teleportation through\noptical quantum networks.\n
Induction of Hepatitis B Antibody in Experimental Animals by Immunization with A-2 Plaque Virus (1973)

A sero-conversion for hepatitis B antibody has resulted from immunization of patas monkeys, guinea pigs, and rabbits with the A-2 plaque virus. This agent was isolated in tissue culture from patient sera that were positive for hepatitis B antigen. The immune response was assayed with techniques of direct and indirect counter-immunoelectrophoresis, and immune electron microscopy.
Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors: developments in antiparasitic chemotherapy (2008)

Over the past several years, there have been a variety of novel, potent and selective inhibitors disclosed in patents, primarily from academic researchers. This review summarizes the recent development of antifolates as specific agents against parasitic protozoa.
A peptide probe for detection of various beta-amyloid oligomers (2012)

Aggregation of β-amyloid (Aβ) is implicated in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). A considerable amount of data has identified soluble Aβ oligomers as potentially significant toxic agents. Rapid, specific and quantitative detection is preferred for accurate profiling of structurally unstable Aβ oligomers as well as for implementation of high-throughput assays for pharmaceutical applications. PG46 is an engineered Aβ variant, constructed by integrating Aβ self-recognition sequences with the conformation-sensitive biarsenical fluorescent dye, FlAsH. PG46 was found to be an effective peptide probe, which detected Aβ oligomers specifically and quantitatively within one hour. However, PG46 was highly aggregation-prone and displayed a limited repertoire of detectable Aβ oligomers. Here, we report the creation of a novel molecular probe, PG44, by C-terminal truncation of PG46. PG44 exhibited a reduced self-aggregation propensity and a different conformation when compared to PG46, and generated specific FlAsH fluorescence signals as a result of binding to various Aβ oligomers, including those not readily detectable by PG46. We also show that sensitivity of PG44 for detection of certain Aβ oligomers may be increased by lowering PG44 concentration and thus decreasing the extent of self-aggregation of PG44. Our results suggest that PG44 can serve as an important molecular probe with a broadened repertoire of detectable Aβ oligomeric aggregates. We believe that detection of Aβ oligomers using our peptide probe would potentially contribute toward a better understanding of the molecular basis of Aβ oligomerization and the development of Aβ oligomer-based early diagnostics as well as therapeutic drugs targeting Aβ oligomers.
14-nm FinFET 1.5 Mb Embedded High-K Charge Trap Transistor One Time Programmable Memory Using Differential Current Sensing (2018)

An 8Kx192b charge trap transistor one time programmable memory (OTPM) is designed and manufactured in GLOBALFOUNDRIES 14-nm bulk FinFET technology without process adders or additional masks. A write timer state machine issues multicycle 192b parallel programming with per bit overwrite protection to minimize stress conditions during a write. On-chip generated voltages are temperature dependent, enabling writes and reads at military grade temperatures. A differential current sense amplifier with self-biased margining circuitry enables programming the OTPM twin cell with known repeatable margin across process-voltage-temperature. Hardware qualification certifies the OTPM to a 10-year 105 °C data retention specification and <;3 PPM end of life bit error rate pre-ECC.
Rapid and simultaneous HLA class I (‐A, ‐B and ‐C loci) DNA typing using the microtitre plate–reverse hybridization assay (MRHA) (2002)

We have established a precise, rapid, simple and practical HLA class I DNA typing method using the microtitre plate-reverse hybridization assay (MRHA), which enables us to perform simultaneous DNA typing of the HLA-A, -B and -C loci using the same PCR parameters and hybridization conditions. PCR-amplified products for the HLA-A, -B and -C loci were hybridized, respectively, with sequence-specific oligonucleotide (SSO) probes, which were immobilized covalently onto a microtitre plate, in hybridization buffer containing formamide at 37 degrees C. After washing at room temperature, the bound PCR products were detected by peroxidase-conjugate streptavidine followed by colour development such as enzyme immunoassay (EIA). In addition to the simple thermoregulation for hybridization and postwashing, strong positive signals, low background and high reproducibility, this DNA typing method enabled simultaneous typing of the HLA-A, -B and -C loci using a single microtitre plate as in HLA serotyping. The assignment of the HLA genotype was easily achieved by automated colorimetric reading and computer software, based on the cut-off value (threshold) established for each probe. For routine HLA class I typing, it may be possible to replace serological typing with the HLA class I DNA typing system using our MRHA method.
PREPARATION OF ORTHO-(ALKYLTHIO)PHENOLS OVER ZEOLITE CATALYSTS (1991)

Abstract Amorphous and crystalline (zeolite) aluminosilicates are good catalysts for the alkylthiolation of phenols with disulfides. Zeolites offer product selectivity via catalyst shape selectivity. Product distribution equilibrations are operative, and distributions depend upon reaction time, temperature, catalyst, and stoichiometry. Aluminosilicate and Bronsted acid catalysts give para-(alkylthio)phenols as the major kinetic product while metal phenoxides give ortho as the major. All catalysts give ortho as the major thermodynamic product.
Predictive risk maps (2014)

This paper addresses the problem of risk assessment in dynamic traffic environments for future behavior evaluation and planning. Risk assessment has to be driven from behavioral needs of the acting scene entity to evaluate the best possible future behavior. We present a general approach for a temporally continuous future risk estimation. Using this risk estimation, we introduce predictive risk maps based on the variation of the acting entities' possible dynamics. The predictive risk maps indicate how critical a certain behavior will be in the future and we use them for future behavior evaluation and planning. Explicitly introducing risk indicators for the collision case of moving entities we show the generality of our approach by applying it to several different traffic scene types.
Sila-Pharmaka, 16. Mitt. [1]. Sila-Analoga von Nifedipin-ähnlichen 4-Aryl-2.6-dimethyl-1.4-dihydropyridin-3.5-dicarbonsäure-dialkylestern, I. / Sila-Drugs, 16<sup>th</sup> Communication [1]. Sila-Analogues of Nifedipine-Like Dialkyl 4-Aryl-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylates, I. (1980)

The nifedipine-like 1,4-dihydropyridines 10a and 11a as well as their sila-analogues 10b, 10c, and 11b were synthesized for the first time. 10a, 10b, 10c, 11 a , 11b , and their precursors 8a, 8b, 9a, and 9b were characterized by their physical and chemical properties, and their structures confirmed by analyses, 1 H NMR and mass spectroscopy. The antispasmodic, vasodilating, and antihypertensive properties of 10a, 10b, 10c, 11a, and 11b were compared.
USF1 deficiency activates brown adipose tissue and improves cardiometabolic health (2016)

USF1 (upstream stimulatory factor 1) is a transcription factor associated with familial combined hyperlipidemia and coronary artery disease in humans. However, whether USF1 is beneficial or detrimental to cardiometabolic health has not been addressed. By inactivating USF1 in mice, we demonstrate protection against diet-induced dyslipidemia, obesity, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and atherosclerosis. The favorable plasma lipid profile, including increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and decreased triglycerides, was coupled with increased energy expenditure due to activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT). Usf1 inactivation directs triglycerides from the circulation to BAT for combustion via a lipoprotein lipase-dependent mechanism, thus enhancing plasma triglyceride clearance. Mice lacking Usf1 displayed increased BAT-facilitated, diet-induced thermogenesis with up-regulation of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, as well as increased BAT activity even at thermoneutrality and after BAT sympathectomy. A direct effect of USF1 on BAT activation was demonstrated by an amplified adrenergic response in brown adipocytes after Usf1 silencing, and by augmented norepinephrine-induced thermogenesis in mice lacking Usf1. In humans, individuals carrying SNP (single-nucleotide polymorphism) alleles that reduced USF1 mRNA expression also displayed a beneficial cardiometabolic profile, featuring improved insulin sensitivity, a favorable lipid profile, and reduced atherosclerosis. Our findings identify a new molecular link between lipid metabolism and energy expenditure, and point to the potential of USF1 as a therapeutic target for cardiometabolic disease.
Digital Halftoning using Green-Noise Masks (1999)

In this paper, we introduce a novel technique for generating green-noise halftones–stochastic dither patterns composed of homogeneously distributed pixel clusters. Although techniques employing error diffusion have been proposed previously, the technique here employs a dither array referred to as a green-noise mask which greatly reduces the computational complexity formerly associated with green-noise. Compared to blue-noise masks, halftones generated with green-noise masks are less susceptible to printer distortions. Because green-noise constitutes patterns with widely varying cluster sizes and shapes, the technique introduced here for constructing these green-noise masks is tunable, that is it allows for specific printer traits, with small clusters reserved for printers with low distortion, and large clusters for printers with high. Being that blue-noise is a limiting case of green-noise, this new technique can even create blue-noise masks.
Purification and Characterization of a Human Lung Tumor-Associated Antigen<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">2</xref> (1978)

A human lung tumor-associated antigen was purified from a saline extract of a lung adenocarcinoma. The antigen was demonstrated in extracts of lung adenocarcinoma. The antigen was demonstrated in extracts of lung tumors with the use of an absorbed antiserum by double-diffusion immunoprecipitation. The antiserum did not react with extracts of normal lung or other normal tissues, and the antigen was immunologically distinct from other tumor-associated antigens. Purification was achieved by antibody affinity chromatography and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Isolation procedures were monitored by immunoreactivity with absorbed monospecific antiserum. The antigen was labeled with 125I and judged homogeneous by 1) polyacrylamide gel elecrophoresis in detergent and nondetergent gels, 2) molecular sieve chromatography, 3) ion exchange chromatography, and 4) sucrose gradient sedimentation analysis. A molecular weight of 77,000 was calculated from the s20.w value of 4.24S and from the D20.w value of 5.0X10(-7) cm2/sec. Sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis indicated a subunit molecular weight of 42,000. The Stokes radius of the antigen was 40 A and the frictional ratio was 1.42, indicating a nonspherical molecule. The purified radioiodinated antigen could be quantitatively precipitated with specific antiserum.
Predictive value of PCA3 in urinary sediments in determining clinico‐pathological characteristics of prostate cancer (2009)

The predictive value of PCA3 for PCa aggressiveness features as reported in earlier studies cannot be confirmed in our study. Experimental differences (urine sediments vs. whole urine) and cohort may explain this. The exact place of PCA3 as prognostic test for PCa remains the subject of investigation.
Adaptive enhancement filtering for motion compensation (2016)

This paper proposes an enhanced motion compensated prediction algorithm for hybrid video coding. The algorithm is built upon the concept of applying adaptive enhancement filtering at the motion compensation stage. For luma, a high-pass filter is applied to the motion compensated prediction signal to recover distorted high-frequency information. For chroma, cross-plane filters are applied to enhance the motion compensated signals by restoring the blurred edges and textures of the chroma planes using the high-frequency information of the luma plane. To verify the effectiveness, the proposed algorithm is implemented on the HM Key Technology Area (HM-KTA) 1.0 platform. Experimental results show that compared to the anchor, the proposed algorithm achieves average Bjentegaard delta (BD) rate savings of 0.4%, 8.8% and 7.4% for Y, Cb and Cr components, respectively.
Principles and Mechanisms of Bonding with Dentin Adhesive Materials (1991)

This article reviews six dentin bonding agents with regard to composition of the individual components of each of the systems. Adhesion mechanisms are discussed relative to the chemical compounds mediating the bond. Adjunctly, inspection of the bonding sites between the different adhesives and human dentin by scanning electron microscopy elucidates the bonds formed as far as detail reproduction as an indicator for wetting ability or mechanical interlocking.
Experimental observation of multiple current-voltage curves and zero-bias memory phenomena in quantum well diodes with <i>n</i>−-<i>n</i>+-<i>n</i>− spacer layers (1993)

We report the observation of a new room-temperature storage phenomenon based on quantum interference. Multiple, stable current-voltage curves extending continuously through zero bias have been observed in GaAs/AlAs double barrier quantum well diodes containing n−-n+-n− spacer layers. Once placed on a particular branch, the devices retain memory of the branch they lie on, even when held at zero bias for extended periods of time. The devices can be repetitively switched between the different branches of the current-voltage characteristics. The experimental observations are consistent with the multiple self-consistent solutions to the coupled Schrödinger and Poisson equations found for diodes that combine heterostructure tunneling barriers with n−-n+-n− spacer layers.
Flow Control Techniques for Transport Aircraft (2011)

A set of flow control approaches have been recently investigated for improved aerodynamic performance in a range of transport aircraft applications. Active flow control concepts are employed for improving airplane takeoff and landing performance, reducing operational hazards during airplane ground maneuvering, and alleviating trailing wakes for higher air traffic efficiency. Computational fluid dynamics has been used to gain insight into complex flows subject to various modes of actuation and to develop promising techniques of flow control. The use of numerical simulations is especially important in scenarios involving powered systems, intricate vortex structures, separated flows, and active flow control devices, for which alternative testing is extremely expensive and often impractical. This study represents an essential element in The Boeing Company's approach to development of flight- worthy integrated active flow control systems.
Design of Parallel Tomlinson–Harashima Precoders (2008)

Like decision feedback equalizers (DFEs), Tomlinson-Harashima precoders (TH precoders) contain nonlinear feedback loops, which limit their use for high-speed applications. Unlike in DFEs, where the output levels of the nonlinear devices are finite, in TH precoders the output levels of the modulo devices are either infinite or finite but very large. Thus, it is difficult to apply look-ahead and pre-computation techniques to speed up TH precoders, which were successfully applied to design parallel and pipelined infinite impulse response (IIR) filters and DFEs in the past. However, a TH precoder can be viewed as an IIR filter with an input equal to the sum of the original input to the TH precoder and a finite-level compensation signal. Based on this point of view, a novel parallel architecture is proposed to speed up TH precoders. This architecture can be used in many high-speed applications, such as 10-Gb Ethernet over copper.
Gene expression analysis in SV40-immortalized human breast luminal epithelial cells with stem cell characteristics using a cDNA microarray. (2004)

The epithelial compartment of the human breast comprises two distinct cell types. Type I human breast epithelial cells (HBECs) are expressing luminal epithelial cell markers and stem cell characteristics, whereas Type II HBECs show basal epithelial cell phenotypes. When defined in terms of markers for normal cell lineages, most invasive breast cancer cells correspond to the phenotype of the common luminal epithelial cell. We had developed simian virus 40-immortalized cell lines from normal HBECs with luminal and stem cell characteristics. To identify molecular changes involved in immortalization, we analyzed the differential gene expression profiles of normal and non-tumorigenic immortalized Type I HBECs using cDNA microarray with 7,448 sequence-verified clones. Out of the 7,448 genes screened, consistent gene expression changes among biological replicates included 67 in Type I HBECs and 86 in Type II HBECs for 4-fold change criteria. Surprisingly, we identified 148 genes (>2.0-fold) as being either up- or down-regulated related to immortalization: 67 genes (MYBL2, UCHL1 et al) were up-regulated, and 81 genes (IGFBP3, CDKN1A et al) were down-regulated significantly. The altered expression levels of the selected genes were subsequently confirmed by semiquantitative RT-PCR. Our studies suggest that the immortalization of Type I HBECs might be an early step in the initiation of a subset of breast cancer. Furthermore, these results will open up an avenue for more detailed understanding of breast stem cell and tumor biology.
Towards a semantic keyword search over industrial knowledge graphs (extended abstract) (2017)

Knowlege graphs have become powerful assets for enhancing search and data integration and are now widely used in both academia and industry. Existing semantics of keyword search over knowledge graphs, especially in industrial context, has limitations. In this extended abstract we discuss these limitations and ingredients for alternative semantics.