gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Holographic Imaging (2007)

The only all-inclusive treatment of holography—from fundamental principles to the most advanced concepts While several existing texts cover different aspects of the field of holography, none provides a complete, up-to-date, and accessible view of its popular, scientific, and engineering aspects. Now, from an author team that includes one of the world's pioneers in the field, Holographic Imaging fills this need with a single, comprehensive text that covers the subject from traditional holography to the cutting-edge development of the world's most advanced three-dimensional holographic images, holographic printing, and holographic video. Written in an engaging and easy-to-follow style, Holographic Imaging promotes a hands-on approach to making holograms and provides readers with a working understanding of how and why they work. Following a brief introduction to the fundamentals of light and diffraction, coverage includes: the diffraction efficiency of gratings, "platonic" holography, a ray-tracing analysis of holography, holographic lenses and in-line "Gabor" holography, off-axis "Leith & Upatnieks" holography, non-laser illumination of holograms, phase conjunction and real image projection, full-aperture transfer holography, white-light transmission "rainbow" holography, practical issues in rainbow holography, in-line "Denisyuk" reflection holography, off-axis reflection holography, edge-lit holography, computational display holography, holographic printing, and holographic television. Helpful diagrams and equations that summarize the mathematical and physical principles for each technique discussed make this an approachable resource for readers from a variety of backgrounds, including undergraduate and postgraduate students with an interest in optics, optoelectronics, and information display, as well as researchers, scientists, engineers, and technology-savvy artists.
One-Sided Unsupervised Domain Mapping (2017)

In unsupervised domain mapping, the learner is given two unmatched datasets $A$ and $B$. The goal is to learn a mapping $G_{AB}$ that translates a sample in $A$ to the analog sample in $B$. Recent approaches have shown that when learning simultaneously both $G_{AB}$ and the inverse mapping $G_{BA}$, convincing mappings are obtained. In this work, we present a method of learning $G_{AB}$ without learning $G_{BA}$. This is done by learning a mapping that maintains the distance between a pair of samples. Moreover, good mappings are obtained, even by maintaining the distance between different parts of the same sample before and after mapping. We present experimental results that the new method not only allows for one sided mapping learning, but also leads to preferable numerical results over the existing circularity-based constraint. Our entire code is made publicly available at https://github.com/sagiebenaim/DistanceGAN .
The design of high dynamic range ROIC for IRFPAs (2015)

The charge packet readout integrated circuit (ROIC) technology for the IRFPAs is introduced, which can realize that every pixel achieves a very high capacity of the electrons storage, and it also improves the performance of the SNR and reduces the saturation possibility of the pixels. The ROIC for the LWIR requires ability that obtaining high capacity for storing electrons. For the conventional ROIC, the maximum charge capacity is determined by the integration capacitance and the operating voltage, it can achieve a high charge capacity through increasing the area of the integration capacitor or raising the operating voltage. And this paper would introduce a digital method of ROIC that can achieve a very high charge capacity. The circuit architecture of this approach includes the following parts, a preamplifier, a comparator, a counter, and memory arrays. And the maximum charge capacity of the pixel is determined by the counter bits. This new method can achieve a high charge capacity more than 1Ge- every pixel and output the digital signal directly, while that of conventional ROIC is less than 50Me- and output the analog signal from the pixel. In this new circuit, the comparator is a important module, as the integration voltage value need compare with threshold voltage through the comparator all the time during the integration period, and we will discuss the influence of the comparator. This work design the circuit with the CSMC 0.35um CMOS technology, and the simulation use the spectre model.
The impact of linguistic bias upon speech-language pathologists’ attitudes towards non-standard dialects of English (2020)

Dialectal variations are present in all languages, originating from cultural, geographic and socioeconomic diversity. This study investigates speech-language pathologists' (SLPs) linguistic bias towards non-standard language forms and dialects, and factors that may impact on these attitudes. Language attitude studies reveal that negative attitudes towards variation can lead to bias against speakers of non-standard dialects. If SLPs hold linguistic bias towards speakers of non-standard dialects, this has the potential to impact upon their clinical judgement of difference vs. disorder and lead to inequality of service provision. A total of 129 Australian SLPs completed an online survey, which involved ranking 28 attitudinal statements regarding language variation on a 5-point scale from strongly disagree to strongly agree. The survey data were analysed using a factor analysis in SPSS to identify latent factors that identified attitudes towards non-standard dialects followed by inferential analyses to investigate how attitudes were related to the demographic data of participants. Results identified five key factors from the survey, these were (1) Use of non-standard English, (2) Language impurity, (3) Diversity in form, (4) Social acceptability, and (5) Prescriptive language rules. SLPs held generally positive attitudes towards the use of non-standard forms and the socially determined acceptability of language. SLPs were more neutral in their attitudes towards diversity in form and the need for prescriptive rules and generally held negative views towards language purity (e.g., the use of "youse" as a plural form of you). A significantly positive association was found between professional development (PD) on cultural and linguistic diversity and positive attitudes towards Factors 1 and 3. Years of practice were significantly related to Factor 2, with less experienced SLPs holding more negative views relating to language purity. While many SLPs identify the value of language variation and its reflection of a person's cultural and linguistic diversity, negative attitudes towards non-standard forms and variation in school and occupational settings have the potential to negatively impact differential diagnosis, goal setting and the delivery of culturally responsive speech-language pathology services to speakers of non-standard dialects.
対比較ベースの Memetic 探索による局所 fitness 景観情報を用いた対話型差分進化 (2014)

1 Introduction / 2 Interactive Differential Evolution and Multiple Comparison Mechanism / 3 Memetic Search in Interactive Differential Evolution / 4 Optimization Evaluation / 5 Discussions / 6 Conclusion and Future Works
k -norm misclassification rate estimation for decision trees (2007)

Cervical cancer continues to be a major cause of death in women worldwide. The major problem facing most women is the unavailability of screening Pap tests in poor and underdeveloped countries. While rates of cancer deaths have decreased 60-80% in developed countries since the Pap test became available, the accuracy of Paps was challenged recently. In order to instill public confidence and promote optimal patient care, measures to improve the quality of the entire screening process should be undertaken. Continuous quality improvement processes are more appropriate than traditional quality assurance monitors. Although no standards can be defined that are applicable to all laboratory settings and nations, this document provides current views on universal quality procedures and risk reduction. Procedure/policy manuals, workload assessment, hierarchic/peer review, discrepancy analysis, rescreening studies and cytohistologic correlation are examples of universally applicable quality tools. The variability in practices in different parts of the world is also discussed.
Portable electronic storage systems (1994)

Notebook, palmtop, and pen-based computers have unique storage requirements. In addition to a rapid growth in capacity to support emerging multimedia applications, portable systems require small, removable media; high shock resistance; thermal resilience; and light-weight, unique form factors dictated by ergonomic constraints and choices. It is argued that storage is the critical enabling technology for many new multimedia applications and addressing its rapidly increasing requirements is key to bringing forward this new technology.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Hepatic segments 3D reconstruction based on the characters of hepatic veins (2012)

Objective To provide morphological data for virtual hepatic surgery and digitized anatomy teaching by building digitized visible model of hepatic segments according to the characters of hepatic veins.Methods To accomplish hepatic segments and major hepatic vessels visualization by giving different RGB color value to hepatic segments and hepatic veins according to the locations and characters of Hepatic Veins'cross-sectional images,volume rendering and surface rendering with the continuous liver cross-sectional images from the visible human dataset of our research laboratory.Results The digitized visible model of liver could distinctly present the morphological structures and adjacence.Conclusion The digitized visible model of hepatic segments based on the characters of hepatic veins offers unique insights into the complex hepatic anatomy,providing basic theory and application for digitized anatomy teaching and vitural hepatic surgery.
Support studies in fluidized-bed combustion. Quarterly report, October--December 1977 (1977)

This work supports the development studies for atmospheric and pressurized fluidized-bed coal combustion. Laboratory and bench-scale (process development) studies are aimed at providing needed information on limestone utilization, control of emission of alkali metal compounds and SO/sub 2/ during combustion, particulate loadings of flue gas, and other aspects of fluidized-bed coal combustion. Characterization of a variety of limestones and dolomites from various parts of the United States for suitability for use in fluidized-bed combustors for SO/sub 2/ emission control is also being done. Reducing the volume of solid wastes to reduce their environmental impact is a major goal. The development of methods for controlling the composition of hot flue gas so that it is a suitable feed gas for gas turbines is another major aim. These studies are designed to supply data and new concepts essential for the timely application of fluidized-bed combustion units to public utility and industrial systems.
Identifying Code of Individual Features in Client-Side Web Applications (2013)

Web applications are one of today's fastest growing software systems. Structurally, they are composed of two parts: the server side, used for data access and business logic, and the client side, used as a user interface. In recent years, with developers building complex interfaces, the client side is playing an increasingly important role. Unfortunately, the techniques and tools used to support development are not as advanced as in other disciplines. From the user's perspective, the client side offers a number of features that are relatively easy to distinguish. However, the same cannot be said for their implementation details. This makes the understanding, maintenance, and reuse of code difficult. The goal of the work presented in this paper is to improve reusability, maintainability, and performance of client-side web applications by identifying the code that implements a particular feature. We have evaluated the approach based on three different experiments: extracting features, extracting library functionalities, and page optimization. The evaluation shows that the method is able to identify the implementation details of individual features, and that by extracting the identified code, a considerable reduction in code size and increase in performance can be achieved.
Signal-processing techniques for resolving individual pulses in a multipath signal (1978)

A maximum-likelihood procedure for estimating the amplitudes and arrival times of individual pulses in a multipath signal is derived. Computer simulation results are presented that compare this procedure with the more traditional matched-filter and inverse-filter techniques. The maximum-likelihood technique is shown to be significantly more accurate than either the matched or inverse filter. A computer algorithm for implementing the maximum-likelihood estimation procedure is described.
Calcium entry and the control of calcium oscillations (2003)

During oscillatory Ca(2+) signals, the agonist-induced enhanced entry of extracellular Ca(2+) plays a critical role in modulating the frequency of the oscillations. Although it was originally assumed that the entry of Ca(2+) under these conditions occurred via the well-known, and apparently ubiquitous, store-operated mechanism, subsequent studies suggested that this was unlikely. It is now known that, in many cell types, a novel non-capacitative Ca(2+)-selective pathway whose activation is dependent on arachidonic acid is responsible, and the channels involved [ARC channels (arachidonate-regulated Ca(2+) channels)] have been characterized. These ARC channels co-exist with the store-operated CRAC channels (Ca(2+)-release-activated Ca(2+) channel) in cells, but each plays a unique and non-overlapping role in Ca(2+) signalling. In particular, it is the ARC channels that are specifically activated at the low agonist concentrations that give rise to oscillatory Ca(2+) signals and provide the predominant mode of Ca(2+) entry under these conditions. The indications are that Ca(2+) entry through the ARC channels increases the likelihood that low concentrations of Ins(1,4,5)P(3) will trigger repetitive Ca(2+) release. At higher agonist concentrations, store-depletion is more complete and sustained resulting in the activation of CRAC channels. At the same time the ARC channels are turned off, resulting in what we have described as a reciprocal regulation of these two distinct Ca(2+) entry pathways.
Two single nucleotide polymorphisms in the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene in Taiwanese with renal cell carcinoma (2014)

Our current results confirmed that the existence of G allele in both rs779805 and rs1642742 in the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene is of importance in renal cell carcinoma tumorigenesis. However, more comprehensive and detailed research is needed to address the clinical relevance. Larger sample size is required to determine the exact power of correlation between these two genetic polymorphisms and renal cell carcinoma.
Analysis of cross-correlation coefficients for subcutaneous blood signal detection by ARFI Imaging (2009)

ARFI subcutaneous blood detection is relevant for monitoring femoral puncture post cardiac catheterization as well as numerous other clinical applications. Blood signal isolation by conventional means is challenged by overlapping frequency spectra and low blood to surrounding tissue signal amplitude ratios. ARFI Imaging was performed ex vivo on a porcine muscle injected with a blood mimicking fluid. Fluid signal isolation was attempted by performing thresholding based on (1) variance of displacement, (2) mean cross-correlation, (3) variance of cross-correlation, (4) variance of first derivative of cross-correlation, and (5) variance of second derivative of cross-correlation. Using the results of the thresholding, an algorithm was developed which exploits both the second derivative of cross-correlation and the mean cross-correlation to extract blood signal.
Data detection algorithms for perpendicular magnetic recording in the presence of strong media noise (2008)

As the throughput and density requirements increase for perpendicular magnetic recording channels, the presence of strong media noise degrades performance. \n\nDetection algorithms have been developed that increase performance in channels with strong media noise through the use of data dependent detectors. However optimal data dependent detectors are exponentially more complex than data independent detectors, and therefore cannot be fully exploited. In this thesis we shall discuss the existing detection algorithms, comparing the performance against the complexity.\n\nWe then introduce a new sub-optimal detection algorithm, which employs a simple pre-detector that supplies estimates to a main detector. Numerical simulations are performed which show near optimal performance, but without the exponential increase in complexity.\n\nWe will also show how detector implementations can exploit structure in the trellis to further reduce complexity, through loops and path invariants. \n\nAn analytical means of measuring bit error rate from only the statistics of noise is presented, and this is utilised to optimally determine the equaliser and ISI target coefficients for a white noise Viterbi detector. \n\nFinally, we introduce a new class of VLSI binary addition algorithms which can be utilised to increase the throughput of a Viterbi detector, but which also has a wider application in hardware design.
Optimum Experimental Designs (1993)

Part I. Fundamentals Introduction Some key ideas Experimental strategies The choice of a model Models and least squares Criteria for a good experiment Standard designs The analysis of experiments Part II. Theory and applications Optimum design theory Criteria of optimality Experiments with both qualitative and quantitative factors Blocking response surface designs Restricted region designs Failure of the experiment and design augmentation Non-linear models Optimum Bayesian design Discrimination between models Composite design criteria Further topics.
A Layer-Mixed FEC Scheme for Scalable Media Transmission Over Mobile TV Services (2016)

This paper proposes a novel method for layered media transmission in mobile broadcast systems, which is referred to as the layer-mixed forward error correction (FEC). Unlike the existing unequal error protection and layer-aware FEC which decode each layer symbols with a probability, the new approach is capable of decoding each layer data deterministically as long as enough symbols are received corresponding to the specific layer. The lower layer is always decoded prior to upper layers, which facilitates the delivery of scalable media stream, especially in mobile TV services with heterogeneous networks and terminals. In order to evaluate the performance fairly, this paper compares the minimum channel capacity required by several FEC schemes. The experimental results show that the new approach outperforms the existing schemes in severely degraded channel situations.
Further Butenolides from the Caribbean Octocoral Pterogorgia citrina (1994)

Seven fatty acid derivatives containing one or two butenolide moieties along with ancepsenolide [1], a known bis-butenolide of marine origin, were isolated from the Caribbean gorgonian Pterogorgia citrina. The structures of the new metabolites were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data and were confirmed upon chemical conversion to either ancepsenolide or to its homolog, homoancepsenolide [4].
Direct two‐dimensional reconstruction algorithm for an inverse‐geometry CT system (2009)

An inverse-geometry computed tomography (IGCT) system uses a large source array opposite a smaller detector array. A previously described IGCT reconstruction algorithm uses gridding, but this gridding step produces blurring in the reconstructed image. In this article, the authors describe a two-dimensional (2D) IGCT reconstruction algorithm without gridding. In the transverse direction, the raw data of the IGCT system can be viewed as being composed of many fan beams. Because the spacing between source spots is larger than the spot width, each fan beam has undersampled projection data, but the missing samples are effectively provided by other undersampled fan beam views. In the proposed method, a direct fan beam reconstruction algorithm is used to process each undersampled fan beam. Initial images with this method showed ring artifacts caused by nonuniform sampling in the radial direction as compared to an ideal fan beam. A new method for correcting this effect was developed. With this correction, high quality images were obtained. The noise performance of the proposed 2D IGCT reconstruction algorithm was investigated, and it was comparable to that of the fan beam system. A MTF study showed that the proposed method achieves better resolution than the gridding method.
Pancreatic cancer regression by intratumoural injection of live <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> in a syngeneic mouse model (2007)

Background: This study addressed the potential of bacteriolytic therapy using Streptococcus pyogenes in a syngeneic pancreatic carcinoma mouse model. Methods: Panc02 tumours were either infected with S pyogenes or were treated with the equivalent volume of vehicle. In addition to assessment of tumour histology and immunohistochemistry, isolated splenocytes were analysed by flow cytometry. Interferon (IFN) γ secretion as a reaction of splenocytes against tumour cells was shown through the ELISpot technique. A cytotoxic effect of lymphocytes against tumour targets was detected by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. Cytokine levels in serum were measured. Results: A single application of live bacteria into established Panc02 tumours resulted in complete tumour regression. This antitumoural effect was accompanied by massive leucocyte infiltration into the tumours as well as a significant and sustained elevation of systemic levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IFNγ, tumour necrosis factor α and interleukin 6. Lymphocytes obtained from treated mice specifically recognised syngeneic tumour cells in IFNγ-ELISpot, and most importantly in cellular cytotoxicity assays, indicating a tumour-specific immune response. Conclusions: We provide data that both the direct lytic activity of S pyogenes towards tumour cells and the infection-driven infiltration of tumours by cells of the innate immune system lead to damage of tumour cells followed by a dissemination of tumour components. This last outcome allows for the activation of tumour-specific effector cells, most probably in draining lymph nodes, promoted by the proinflammatory context. Taken together, these data indicate that the application of live S pyogenes may be a promising new treatment strategy for advanced pancreatic cancer patients that warrants further investigation.
Perpetrators of pharmacokinetic drug–drug interactions arising from altered cytochrome P450 activity: a criteria‐based assessment (2011)

Using a criteria-based assessment, the number of drugs that are proven or likely major perpetrators of CYP-mediated PK-DDIs is relatively small. Current clinical decision support on PK-DDIs is inconsistent with the published evidence and can be improved using simple criteria.
Ultra secure high reliability wireless radiation monitoring system (2011)

SRNL has developed a stand-alone radiation monitoring system utilizing a Suite B-based, ultra secure, short range wireless sensor network. While the radiation sensor is specific to nuclear facilities, the short range wireless sensor network is adaptable to other applications as well to those which require high reliability with ultra secure protection of the wireless data network.