gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design, synthesis and biological screening of N1-arylsulfonyl (1H-indole-2-yl)-1-(piperazinyl) methanone derivatives as 5-HT6 receptor ligands: Part I (2012)

The usefulness of 5-HT6 antagonists in the treatment of cognitive disorders and more recently in obesity and feeding disorders is well documented. Keeping in mind the minimum pharmacophoric requirement needed for the 5-HT6 receptor binding, a new series of N1-arylsulfonyl (1H-indole-2-yl)-1-(piperazinyl) methanone derivatives were designed, synthesized and tested for their in-vitro affinity towards the 5-HT6 receptor.
Differential Modification of the Lignin and Cellulose Components in Wheat Straw by Fungal Colonists of Ruminant Dung: Ecological Implications (1980)

SUMMARYFungal isolates from collections of cattle dung representing different stages in decomposition were examined for their ability biologically to modify the lignin and cellulose components of unamended native wheat straw (WS). Growth rate of fungal isolates on dung-extract agar was not correlated with their ability to affect biomass loss of WS. Later-sporulating colonists promoted greater biomass losses (total dry weight and cellulose). A late-appearing unidentified basidiomycete was most effective in degrading lignin and rendering the cellulosic components of natural lignocelluloses more susceptible to hydrolysis by cellulase. Fungal degradation of differentially 14C-labeled natural lignocelluloses (LC) added to ground and pelletized WS was followed by monitoring 14CO2 evolution during a 48-da incubation. Three late-appearing species on dung were more efficient in producing 14CO2 from specifically cellulose-labeled lignocelluloses (LC*) than were three earlier-appearing species. The percentage of 14CO2 evolved from lignin-labeled lignocelluloses (L*C) was sixfold greater with the late-appearing basidiomycete than with any of the five ascomycetes. Present findings help to explain patterns of fungal development in cattle feces and the importance of lignin-degrading, “white rotting” basidiomycetes in feces decomposition.
Gas Tag Identification of Failed Fuel–I. Synergistic Use of Inert Gases (1974)

Gas tagging consists of the addition to nuclear reactor fuel pins of small amounts of gas having a unique isotopic composition for each assembly; when an assembly fails during subsequent irradiation, the tag gas, which is released along with the fission gas, makes it possible to locate the defective assembly by a mass spectrometric analysis of the reactor cover gas. The usual gas tagging scheme employs only xenon; calculations are presented here which have led to the synergistic use of xenon and krypton for the fast flux test facility (FFTF) reactor. The ratios of the tag gas isotopic concentrations have been obtained for a preliminary design for the FFTF.
Real-time imaging using a 4.3-THz quantum cascade laser and a 240×320 element focal-plane array (2006)

A real-time reflection/transmission imaging system is demonstrated using a 50-mW, 4.3-THz quantum cascade laser source in a closed-cycle cryorefrigerator, with a 240times320 pixel microbolometer detector. A signal-to-noise ratio of 340 is achieved with a 20-frame/sec acquisition rate.
Heterogeneously Reconfigurable Energy Harvester: An Algorithm for Optimal Reconfiguration (2020)

We propose a heterogeneously reconfigurable energy harvester which contains multiple energy harvesting (EH) blocks, each comprised of multiple EH circuits in parallel to be optimized for different input power ranges. Practical EH circuits have their own favorable input power range due to turn-on sensitivity and saturation effects. To account for this, we present the necessary conditions for efficient configuration of an energy harvester, and then propose an algorithm for optimal reconfiguration of the energy harvester. Furthermore, adaptive time switching and mode switching problems are formulated in order to maximize the average achievable rate under the self-powering condition. Our proposed energy harvester and algorithm can be applied to low-power Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices with wireless EH capability for self-sustainability, which will be a key enabler for realizing a battery-free IoT network.
Long-Cycling Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Battery (AORFB) toward Sustainable and Safe Energy Storage (2016)

Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are a viable technology to store renewable energy in the form of electricity that can be supplied to electricity grids. However, widespread implementation of traditional RFBs, such as vanadium and Zn–Br2 RFBs, is limited due to a number of challenges related to materials, including low abundance and high costs of redox-active metals, expensive separators, active material crossover, and corrosive and hazardous electrolytes. To address these challenges, we demonstrate a neutral aqueous organic redox flow battery (AORFB) technology utilizing a newly designed cathode electrolyte containing a highly water-soluble ferrocene molecule. Specifically, water-soluble (ferrocenylmethyl)trimethylammonium chloride (FcNCl, 4.0 M in H2O, 107.2 Ah/L, and 3.0 M in 2.0 NaCl, 80.4 Ah/L) and N1-ferrocenylmethyl-N1,N1,N2,N2,N2-pentamethylpropane-1,2-diaminium dibromide, (FcN2Br2, 3.1 M in H2O, 83.1 Ah/L, and 2.0 M in 2.0 M NaCl, 53.5 Ah/L) were synthesized through structural decoration of hydrophobic ferrocene with synergetic hydrophilic functionalities including an ammonium cation group and a halide anion. When paired with methyl viologen (MV) as an anolyte, resulting FcNCl/MV and FcN2Br2/MV AORFBs were operated in noncorrosive neutral NaCl supporting electrolytes using a low-cost anion-exchange membrane. These ferrocene/MV AORFBs are characterized as having high theoretical energy density (45.5 Wh/L) and excellent cycling performance from 40 to 100 mA/cm2. Notably, the FcNCl/MV AORFBs (demonstrated at 7.0 and 9.9 Wh/L) exhibited unprecedented long cycling performance, 700 cycles at 60 mA/cm2 with 99.99% capacity retention per cycle, and delivered power density up to 125 mW/cm2. These AORFBs are built from earth-abundant elements and are environmentally benign, thus representing a promising choice for sustainable and safe energy storage.
A rapid-response fluorescent probe for the sensitive and selective detection of human albumin in plasma and cell culture supernatants (2016)

A rapid-response fluorescent probe ACDM was developed for the selective and sensitive detection of human albumin (HA) via binding onto a non-drug binding site. ACDM was successfully used to detect trace HA in various biological samples including diluted plasma and cell culture supernatants.
Intercalation of Sodium Ions into Hollow Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (2012)

Cation vacancies in hollow γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles are utilized for efficient sodium ion transport. As a result, fast rechargeable cathodes can be assembled from Earth-abundant elements such as iron oxide and sodium. We monitored in situ structural and electronic transformations of hollow iron oxide nanoparticles by synchrotron X-ray adsorption and diffraction techniques. Our results revealed that the cation vacancies in hollow γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles can serve as hosts for sodium ions in high voltage range (4.0–1.1 V), allowing utilization of γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles as a cathode material with high capacity (up to 189 mAh/g), excellent Coulombic efficiency (99.0%), good capacity retention, and superior rate performance (up to 99 mAh/g at 3000 mA/g (50 C)). The appearance of the capacity at high voltage in iron oxide that is a typical anode and the fact that this capacity is comparable with the capacities observed in typical cathodes emphasize the importance of the proper understanding of the structure–properties correlation. In addition to that, encapsulation of hollow γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles between two layers of carbon nanotubes allows fabrication of lightweight, binder-free, flexible, and stable electrodes. We also discuss the effect of electrolyte salts such as NaClO4 and NaPF6 on the Coulombic efficiency at different cycling rates.
Determination of Technetium and Its Speciation by Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (2007)

Technetium-99 (Tc) is an important radionuclide of concern, and there is a great need for its detection and speciation analysis in the environment. For the first time, we report that surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is capable of detecting an inorganic radioactive anion, pertechnetate (TcO4-), at approximately 10(-7) M concentration levels. The technique also allows the detection of various species of Tc such as oxidized Tc(VII) and reduced and possibly complexed Tc(IV) species by use of gold nanoparticles as a SERS substrate. The primary Raman scattering band of Tc(VII) occurs at about 904 cm-1, whereas reduced Tc(IV) and its humic and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) complexes show scattering bands at about 866 and 870 cm-1, respectively. Results also indicate that Tc(IV)-humic complexes are unstable and reoxidize to TcO4- upon exposure to oxygen. This study demonstrates that SERS could potentially offer a new tool and opportunity in studying Tc and its speciation and interactions in the environment at low concentrations.
Prostaglandins. 3. Synthetic approaches to 11-deoxyprostaglandins (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProstaglandins. 3. Synthetic approaches to 11-deoxyprostaglandinsW. L. White, P. B. Anzeveno, and Francis JohnsonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 12, 2379–2387Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00133a029https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00133a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views700Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>Optically Pumped Semiconductor Platelet Lasers</title> (1982)

Tunable CW laser action of platelet semiconductors is reported in both mode-locked and unmode-locked configurations. The gain media are platelets of CdS, CdSe, CdSSe and InGaAsP, cooled to 85K and longitudinally pumped by argon-ion and krypton-ion lasers. Anti-reflection coating of the crystal face and external bandwidth restriction have been used to generate pulses as short as 4 ps in CdS. The pulses observed are chirped, with non-transform limited time-bandwidth products of about 1.7. The energy conversion efficiency is 20% into the TEM<sub>oo</sub> mode, with output powers of over 10 mW from CdS. Pulses as short as 7 ps tunable over a 26 nm range have been obtained in InGaAsP.
Expression of a Lactococcus lactis Phage Resistance Mechanism by Streptococcus thermophilus (1995)

The 7.8-kb lactococcal plasmid pSRQ700 encodes the LlaII restriction/modification system which recognizes and cleaves the sequence 3(prm1)-GATC-5(prm1). When the plasmid pSRQ700 is introduced into a phage-sensitive Lactococcus lactis strain, strong phage resistance is conferred by the LlaII system. In this report, we show that pSRQ700 cannot replicate in Streptococcus thermophilus. However, if cloned into the vector pNZ123, the native LlaII system is expressed and strong phage resistance is conferred to various industrial S. thermophilus strains. Resistance against phages isolated from yogurt and mozzarella wheys was observed. To our knowledge, this is the first report of increased phage resistance in S. thermophilus.
PESA: Probabilistic Efficient Storage Algorithm for Time-Domain Spectrum Measurements (2018)

Wireless communication is an essential part of daily life for users globally with applications in medical devices, cellular phones, Internet of Things nodes, and others. Accordingly, there is a need to understand the patterns and properties of radio frequency spectrum use by acquiring accurate spectrum utilization measurements. However, the massive storage volume needed to execute spectrum surveys-especially when a fast sampling rate is used-is an impeding factor in terms of cost and ease-of-access. In this article, a probabilistic efficient storage algorithm (PESA) is proposed to facilitate high-accuracy, time-domain spectrum surveys conducted at a fast sample acquisition rate to detect sporadic spectrum occupancy patterns that could be on the order of microseconds. PESA divides the dynamic range of a monitoring equipment into bins-each represented by one component of a Gaussian mixture model (GMM). Windows of activity and inactivity in the measurements are established by comparing with a threshold and then indicators to the GMM component that best describes a window are recorded. Hence, reducing required storage volume. Results demonstrate that ≈ 99% reduction in storage volume is achievable while maintaining an accurate estimation of channel utilization and activity/inactivity periods. Furthermore, a Lab-VIEW implementation of PESA on a hardware platform was executed and used to survey Wi-Fi channel 1 in a healthcare environment for seven consecutive hours. Although more than 25 billion samples were observed, resulting data only occupied 96.28 megabytes.
Pupil-segmentation-based adaptive optical microscopy with full-pupil illumination (2011)

Optical aberrations deteriorate the performance of microscopes. Adaptive optics can be used to improve imaging performance via wavefront shaping. Here, we demonstrate a pupil-segmentation based adaptive optical approach with full-pupil illumination. When implemented in a two-photon fluorescence microscope, it recovers diffraction-limited performance and improves imaging signal and resolution.
Chapter 5. Sol–Gel Glass and Nano–Macro Porous Bioscaffolds (2016)

To facilitate hard tissue regeneration there is a pressing need to develop biocompatible, macroporous (pore size ∼100's of µm) scaffolds that are tailored ideally to suit individual patient needs. A critical requirement of this goal is that the scaffolds degrade in the body at a rate that is comparable to that of the tissue re-growth. Among various potential materials, calcium silicate glasses are the most promising model bioactive candidates that also stimulate bone formation, but they degrade too slowly. A successful strategy to accelerate degradation is to increase the specific surface area by superimposing nanoporosity (≈ 10 nm) on macroporosity. In such a bioscaffold, nano- and macroporosities are optimized to meet the needs of a specific patient, so the desired product is a tailored amorphous multi-porous (TAMP) silicate structure. As an added benefit, nanoporosity allows improved diffusion of nutrients and waste products in and out of the scaffolds, further improving its biocompatibility. Here we present an overview of its fabrication process, biological performance and future prospects for use in patients. The TAMP bioscaffolds are fabricated by a modified sol–gel process, which is based on spinodal phase separation induced by a water-soluble polymer. Under quasi-dynamic conditions the model 30CaO–70SiO2 composition degrades in simulated body fluid within weeks depending on nanoporosity. Additionally, in vitro cell tests indicate that nanoscale topology significantly affects the biological performance of TAMP scaffolds. In vivo tests in animals demonstrate superior regeneration of hard, as well as soft, tissue depending on TAMP implant site, and preliminary results of a clinical trial provide a promising outlook for this class of bioscaffold.
GreenUp: A Decentralized System for Making Sleeping Machines Available (2012)

Large enterprises can save significant energy and money by putting idle desktop machines to sleep. Many systems that let desktops sleep and wake them on de-mand have been proposed, but enterprise IT departments refuse to deploy them because they require special hard-ware, disruptive virtualization technology, or dedicated per-subnet proxies, none of which are cost-effective. In response, we devised GreenUp, a minimal software-only system that allows any machine to act as a proxy for other sleeping machines in its subnet. To achieve this, GreenUp uses novel distributed techniques that spread load through randomization, efficiently synchronize state within a subnet, and maintain a minimum number of proxies despite the potential for correlated sleep times. In this paper, we present the details of GreenUp’s design as well as a theoretical analysis demonstrating its correct-ness and efficiency, using empirically-derived models where appropriate. We also present results and lessons from a seven-month live deployment on over 100 ma-chines; a larger deployment on ~1,100 machines is cur-rently ongoing. 1
Do Anticoccidials Interfere with Development of Protective Immunity Against Coccidiosis in Broilers? (2000)

Eight anticoccidial drugs (monensin, narasin, lasalocid, salinomycin, nicarbazin, halofuginone, robenidine, and amprolium) were evaluated for impact on protective immunity against coccidiosis in chickens after inoculation with recent field isolates of Eimeria acervulina, E. maxima, or E. tenella. The isolates were partially sensitive to the drugs, as shown by inoculation of birds with 500,000 oocysts of E. acervulina and 50,000 of E. maxima. When birds were inoculated with 1,000 or 10,000 oocysts of E. maxima or E. acervulina, oocyst shedding was not reduced by some treatments, and only about 40% by others, suggesting that drugs would probably not interfere with immunity. To measure the effects of drugs on actual protection from reinfection, chicks were exposed to E. maxima and E. tenella at 7 and 14 days of age, then challenged at 25 days of age. Degree of immune protection was determined from cecal and intestinal lesion scores and weight gains 6 days post-inoculation (PI). All medicated groups had significant protective immunity against E. tenella and E. maxima. These results suggest that any drug of those tested could be used without interfering appreciably with protective immunity.
The thioredoxin binding domain of bacteriophage T7 DNA polymerase confers processivity on <i>Escherichia coli</i> DNA polymerase I (1997)

Bacteriophage T7 DNA polymerase shares extensive sequence homology with Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I. However, in vivo, E. coli DNA polymerase I is involved primarily in the repair of DNA whereas T7 DNA polymerase is responsible for the replication of the viral genome. In accord with these roles, T7 DNA polymerase is highly processive while E. coli DNA polymerase I has low processivity. The high processivity of T7 DNA polymerase is achieved through tight binding to its processivity factor, E. coli thioredoxin. We have identified a unique 76-residue domain in T7 DNA polymerase responsible for this interaction. Insertion of this domain into the homologous site in E. coli DNA polymerase I results in a dramatic increase in the processivity of the chimeric DNA polymerase, a phenomenon that is dependent upon its binding to thioredoxin.
SA-FasL-engineered PEG microgels as a novel means of modulating immune response to allogeneic islet grafts (2018)

Abstract Allogenic islet transplantation is an effective therapy for type 1 diabetes in the clinic. Sustained graft survival requires chronic immunosuppression that has adverse effects. Islet graft rejection is initiated and perpetuated by T effector cells (Teffs). Teffs upregulate Fas death receptor on their surface and undergo apoptosis following engagement with FasL. Therefore, FasL has the potential as an immunomodulator to establish immune tolerance to islet grafts by eliminate alloreactive Teffs. This study used PEG microgels engineered with a novel form of FasL, SA-FasL, for the prevention of allogeneic islet graft rejection. Poly(ethylene glycol) microgels were produced with biotin on their surface. Biotinylated microgels were engineered with SA-FasL (1 μg/103 microgels) by taking advantage of the high affinity interaction between biotin and the streptavidin (SA) domain of the molecule. SA-FasL-PEGs induced apoptosis in Fas expressing A20 lymphoid cells in vitro. Co-transplantation of SA-FasL-PEGs with naïve islets led to prolonged survival of grafts as compared with the control group (islets + unmodified PEGs), with 20% surviving for a 200-day observation period. A short (15 days) treatment with low dose rapamycin further improved the immunomodulatory efficacy of SA-FasL-PEGs, with &gt; 90% of grafts surviving for a 200-day observation period. CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs were required for graft survival, as depletion of this cell population on day 50 post-transplantation resulted in prompt rejection. These findings provide strong proof-of-efficacy and feasibility for the use of SA-FasL-engineered microgels as an off-the-shelf product for the modulation of alloreactive responses with significant therapeutic potential.
Wafer level CSP with ultra-high thermal reliability lead-free alloys (2015)

Wafer-Level Chip-Scale Packaging (WLCSP) has become increasingly popular in portable electronics. One of its main characteristics is its reduced scale and that the solder balls are attached directly to the device. One of the main challenges in WLCSP is how to overcome the effects of thermal mismatch between the silicon die and the printed circuit board that arise from these characteristics. Use of new solder alloys is one of the ways to mitigate thermal fatigue stresses resulting from coefficients of thermal expansion mismatch. Tensile tests and high temperature creep tests were used for initial screening of the alloys and understanding the potential impact of each addition on the reliability of the solder in the final application. Here improvements in thermal, mechanical and metallurgical properties of the new alloy Maxrel Plus are discussed and compared to SAC405. Based on drop shock test, single ball shear test (high temperature storage, PCT and MSL1), thermal cycling test and intermetallics measurement results, we conclude that Maxrel Plus is specially recommended for use in WLCSP.