gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Early microglial colonization of the human forebrain and possible involvement in periventricular white‐matter injury of preterm infants (2010)

Amoeboid microglial subpopulations visualized by antibodies against ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1, CD68, and CD45 enter the forebrain starting at 4.5 postovulatory or gestational weeks (gw). They penetrate the telencephalon and diencephalon via the meninges, choroid plexus, and ventricular zone. Early colonization by amoeboid microglia-macrophages is first restricted to the white matter, where these cells migrate and accumulate in patches at the junctions of white-matter pathways, such as the three junctions that the internal capsule makes with the thalamocortical projection, external capsule and cerebral peduncle, respectively. In the cerebral cortex anlage, migration is mainly radial and tangential towards the immature white matter, subplate layer, and cortical plate, whereas pial cells populate the prospective layer I. A second wave of microglial cells penetrates the brain via the vascular route at about 12-13 gw and remains confined to the white matter. Two main findings deserve emphasis. First, microglia accumulate at 10-12 gw at the cortical plate-subplate junction, where the first synapses are detected. Second, microglia accumulate in restricted laminar bands, most notably around 19-30 gw, at the axonal crossroads in the white matter (semiovale centre) rostrally, extending caudally in the immature white matter to the visual radiations. This accumulation of proliferating microglia is located at the site of white-matter injury in premature neonates. The spatiotemporal organization of microglia in the immature white and grey matter suggests that these cells may play active roles in developmental processes such as axonal guidance, synaptogenesis, and neurodevelopmental apoptosis as well as in injuries to the developing brain, in particular in the periventricular white-matter injury of preterm infants.
Speaker Adaptation Using ICA-Based Feature Transformation (2002)

Speaker adaptation techniques are generally used to reduce speaker differences in speech recognition. In this work, we focus on the features fitted to a linear regressionbased speaker adaptation. These are obtained by feature transformation based on independent component analysis (ICA), and the feature transformation matrices are estimated from the training data and adaptation data. Since the adaptation data is not sufficient to reliably estimate the ICAbased feature transformation matrix, it is necessary to adjust the ICA-based feature transformation matrix estimated from a new speaker utterance. To cope with this problem, we propose a smoothing method through a linear interpolation between the speaker-independent (SI) feature transformation matrix and the speaker-dependent (SD) feature transformation matrix. From our experiments, we observed that the proposed method is more effective in the mismatched case. In the mismatched case, the adaptation performance is improved because the smoothed feature transformation matrix makes speaker adaptation using noisy speech more robust.
Remote Sensing and Control of an Irrigation System Using a Distributed Wireless Sensor Network (2008)

Efficient water management is a major concern in many cropping systems in semiarid and arid areas. Distributed in-field sensor-based irrigation systemsoffer a potential solution to support site-specific irrigation management that allows producers to maximize their productivity while saving water. This paper describes details of the design and instrumentation of variable rate irrigation, a wireless sensor network, and software for real-time in-field sensing and control of a site-specific precision linear-move irrigation system. Field conditions were site-specifically monitored by six in-field sensor stations distributed across the field based on a soil property map, and periodically sampled and wirelessly transmitted to a base station. An irrigation machine was converted to be electronically controlled by a programming logic controller that updates georeferenced location of sprinklers from a differential Global Positioning System (GPS) and wirelessly communicates with a computer at the base station. Communication signals from the sensor network and irrigation controller to the base station were successfully interfaced using low-cost Bluetooth wireless radio communication. Graphic user interface-based software developed in this paper offered stable remote access to field conditions and real-time control and monitoring of the variable-rate irrigation controller.
Sporttraumatologie - Erfahrungsbericht aus der Praxis (2008)

Am 26. Mai 2007 fand in Berlin das Endspiel um den DFB-Pokal statt. Nach langer Leidenszeit wegen einer Fußverletzung konnte Marek Mintal wieder schmerzfrei spielen. Die Nominierung zahlte sich bereits in der 27. Minute aus. Er schoss das 1 : 0 für den 1. FC Nürnberg. Die Freude währte allerdings nur kurze Zeit. In der 35. Minute wurde er durch ein Foul des Stuttgarters Fernando Meira vom Platz getreten. Die niederschmetternde Diagnose noch am Abend nach einer Kernspinuntersuchung: Innenbandteilruptur, Außenmeniskuseinriss, Innenmeniskusquetschung, „boine bruce” an der Patella am rechten Kniegelenk.
The Zoonoses: Infections Transmitted from Animals to Man (1988)

Zoonoses are of considerable public health importance and this book aims to encourage a collaborative approach to their control between the medical and veterinary professions. The book offers a description of all known zoonoses worldwide. Each disease receives separate consideration with details of occurrence, epidemiology, aetiology and diagnosis.
Adaptive content model for multimedia presentation (2003)

Multimedia presentation systems require flexible support for the modeling of multimedia content. Many presentation systems provide synchronized, sequential or concurrent, and possible interactive, transfer of multimedia data streams such as audio, video, text and annotations used with network facilities. However, our investigation of existing standards and applications for multimedia document models such as HTML, MHEG, SMIL, HyTime, RealPlay and MS Windows Media shows that these standards and application models do not provide adequate support for reuse and adaptation. Consequently, we propose a new approach for the modeling of reusable and adaptable multimedia content. We developed a comprehensive system for advanced multimedia content production: support for recording the presentation, retrieving the content, summarizing the presentation, weaving the presentation and customizing the representation. This approach significantly impacts and supports multimedia presentation authoring processes in terms of methodology and commercial aspects.
Rapid fabrication of nano-structured quartz stamps (2013)

Replication of surface nano-structures from a master stamp allows large-area volume production that is otherwise cost prohibitive through conventional direct-write methods, such as electron beam lithography and focused ion beam milling. However, the creation of a master stamp containing sophisticated patterns still requires significant time on such direct-write tools. We demonstrate a method for reducing this tool time by patterning smaller nano-structures, and then enlarging them to the desired size through isotropic etching. We can create circular structures of any arrangement and size, down to the patterning limits of the direct-write tools. Subsequent metal mask deposition, lift-off, and anisotropic etching transforms the circular patterns to out-of-plane pillar structures for the final stamp. A 1 cm(2) area filled with a pattern of 200 nm diameter nano-holes spaced 520 nm apart, requires only 21 h to complete using our process, compared to 75 h using conventional fabrication. We demonstrate the utility and practicality of the quartz stamps through polymer embossing and replication. Embossed polymer nano-hole arrays are coated with a Cr/Au (5/100 nm) film to create surface plasmon resonance structures. Extraordinary optical transmission spectra from the metallized arrays show the expected spectral features when compared to focused ion beam milled structures.
Aerosol Spray Deposition of Liquid Metal and Elastomer Coatings for Rapid Processing of Stretchable Electronics (2021)

We report a spray deposition technique for patterning liquid metal alloys to form stretchable conductors, which can then be encapsulated in silicone elastomers via the same spraying procedure. While spraying has been used previously to deposit many materials, including liquid metals, this work focuses on quantifying the spraying process and combining it with silicones. Spraying generates liquid metal microparticles (~5 μm diameter) that pass through openings in a stencil to produce traces with high resolution (~300 µm resolution using stencils from a craft cutter) on a substrate. The spraying produces sufficient kinetic energy (~14 m/s) to distort the particles on impact, which allows them to merge together. This merging process depends on both particle size and velocity. Particles of similar size do not merge when cast as a film. Likewise, smaller particles (<1 µm) moving at the same speed do not rupture on impact either, though calculations suggest that such particles could rupture at higher velocities. The liquid metal features can be encased by spraying uncured silicone elastomer from a volatile solvent to form a conformal coating that does not disrupt the liquid metal features during spraying. Alternating layers of liquid metal and elastomer may be patterned sequentially to build multilayer devices, such as soft and stretchable sensors.
Design of Collaborative Production Management System Based on Big Data (2017)

This is a study of a Production Management System framework for the execution of collaborative tasks in enterprises cells. Collaborative innovation production management system is seen as one of the key element of Industry 4.0. In this research, the Hadoop Platform/NoSql/Oracle Stream and some other technologies are used to handle the big data collecting from the sensors. The collaborative production Management System framework is proposed and the Equipment operation and maintenance system as a demonstrate of the system is shown in the paper.
Mechanochemical synthesis of Cu(<scp>i</scp>)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes (2020)

A versatile mechanosynthetic approach to NHC-Cu complexes is reported.
The activation of active rules in the heterogeneous database systems (2002)

Active rules have been widely used in the modern database systems. They have provided a great contribution to the maintenance of data integrity and data consistency in database systems. They also enable the system to become active instead of passive which traditional databases do. In passive databases the queries or transactions are executed only when explicitly requested by users. Active databases contain the capability to automatic monitor the conditions which defined over the database state and the ability to take an action when the state of the underlying database changes. This paper investigates how the active rule can be triggered in a heterogeneous database system environment.
Low Power Laser Therapy of Shoulder Tendonitis (1989)

30 patients with supraspinatus or bicipital tendonitis were randomly allocated to active infrared laser therapy at 904 nm three times weekly for 2 weeks, dummy laser or drug treatment for 2 weeks. Objectively maximum active extension, flexion and abduction of the shoulder, and subjectively pain stiffness movement and function were measured at 0 and 2 weeks. Significant improvement of active over dummy laser was noted for all seven assessments. Active laser therapy produced significant improvement over drug therapy for all three objective measures and pain. Naproxen sodium significantly improved only movement and function compared to dummy laser. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of laser therapy in tendonitis of the shoulder.
Seams Brash (2013)

Seams Brash was created to permit student exploration of new sewing techniques such as pleating and beading in addition to working with a variety of body types. Inspiration was drawn from many current and historical designer collections. The goal of the line was to create functional gowns with elements of surprise and a touch of couture with the hand pleating and beading. Each dress represents a different individual with unique lines, fabric choices, silhouettes, and proportions. <strong>Faculty Sponsor</strong>: Andrea Eklund, MA
Cancer-targeted therapies and radiopharmaceuticals (2015)

The treatment of bone metastases remains a clinical challenge. Although a number of well-established agents, namely bisphosphonates and denosumab, are available to reduce the occurrence of skeletal-related events, additional cancer-targeted therapies are required to improve patients' prognosis and quality of life. This review focuses on novel targets and agents that are under clinical evaluation for the treatment of malignant bone diseases such as activin A, src and endothelin-1 inhibition or agents that are clinically approved and may positively influence bone, such as the mTOR inhibitor everolimus. In addition, the potential of alpharadin, a novel radiopharmaceutical approved for the treatment of prostatic bone disease, is discussed.
In Vivo Rescue of a Silent <i>tax</i> -Deficient Bovine Leukemia Virus from a Tumor-Derived Ovine B-Cell Line by Recombination with a Retrovirally Transduced Wild-Type <i>tax</i> Gene (1999)

The lack of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) expression is a consistent finding in freshly isolated ovine tumor cells and in the B-cell lines derived from these tumors. In order to gain further insight into the mechanisms of BLV silencing in these tumors, we have used the YR2 B-cell line, which was derived from the leukemic cells of a BLV-infected sheep. This cell line contains a single, monoclonally integrated, silent provirus, which cannot be reactivated either by stimulation in vitro or by in vivo injection of the tumor cells or cloned proviral DNA in sheep. Sequence analysis of the tax gene from the YR2 cell line identified two G-to-A transitions (G7924 to A7924 and G8149 to A8149) that result in E-to-K amino acid changes at positions 228 and 303 in the Tax protein. Following retroviral vector-mediated transfer of a wild-type tax gene into YR2 cells, we showed that BLV mRNA, viral proteins, and virions were produced, demonstrating that the cellular factors required for virus expression were present in the original YR2 cell line. Injection of this transduced YR2 cell line in sheep led to the rescue of replication-competent BLV proviruses. The integrated competent proviruses exhibited unique chimeric tax genes, which arose from homologous recombination between the transduced wild-type tax and the YR2-derived tax sequences. Furthermore, in one of these functional recombinant proviruses, only the A8149-to-G8149 reversion was present, providing clear evidence that the defect underlying the silent phenotype in YR2 cells results from a single C-terminal E303-to-K303 amino acid substitution in the BLV Tax protein. Our observations suggest that a single strategically located mutation in tax provides a mechanism for BLV inactivation in B-cell tumors.
The design of wide-band, sharp cut-off dichroic (1981)

The design of a double layer low-pass, sharp cut-off dichroic plate with a 2:1 reflection bandwidth is presented. The dichroic plate comprises two layers of Potent Crosses (commonly called Jerusalem Cross) which are supported on thin 10 mil Kevlar sheets. These sheets are bonded to opposite sides of a Kevlar honeycomb core. This construction represents a low loss, thermally stable support structure which has been space qualified.
DNA Methylation in Memory Formation (2015)

The establishment of synaptic plasticity and long-term memory requires lasting cellular and molecular modifications that, as a whole, must endure despite the rapid turnover of their constituent parts. Such a molecular feat must be mediated by a stable, self-perpetuating, cellular information storage mechanism. DNA methylation, being the archetypal cellular information storage mechanism, has been heavily implicated as being necessary for stable activity-dependent transcriptional alterations within the CNS. This review details the foundational discoveries from both gene-targeted and whole-genome sequencing studies that have brought DNA methylation to our attention as a chief regulator of activity- and experience-dependent transcriptional alterations within the CNS. We present a hypothetical framework to resolve disparate experimental findings regarding distinct manipulations of DNA methylation and their effect on memory, taking into account the unique impact activity-dependent alterations in DNA methylation potentially have on both memory-promoting and memory-suppressing gene expression. And last, we discuss potential avenues for future inquiry into the role of DNA methylation during remote memory formation.
Fundamental statistical techniques (2010)

The statistical approach to natural language processing (NLP) has become more and more important in recent years. This chapter gives an overview of some fundamental statistical techniques that have been widely used in different NLP tasks. Methods for statistical NLP mainly come from machine learning, which is a scientific discipline concerned with learning from data. That is, to extract information, discover patterns, predict missing information based on observed information, or more generally construct probabilistic models of the data. Machine learning techniques covered in this chapter can be divided into two types: supervised and unsupervised. © 2010 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
A One-pot Synthesis of Cyclic Pyrido[1,2-<i>a</i>]quinoxaline Phosphate, a New Molecule of Biological Importance from a Quinoxaline Derivative of Sugar (2003)

Abstract A five membered cyclic pyrido[1,2-a]quinoxaline phosphate has been first synthesized in one step in a good yield by phosphorylation of the quinoxaline derivative of sugar 1a with (PhO)P(O)Cl2. Phosphorylation of the tetrols (1a and 1b) and the diol acetals with other phosphorylating agents, however, affords a dehydration product 2-(2-furyl)quinoxaline.
Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Investigations of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. (2018)

<i>Perilla frutescens</i> (L.) Britt. (PF) is an annual herbal medicinal, aromatic, functional food, and ornamental plant that belongs to the mint family, Lamiaceae. The origin of perilla traces back to East Asian countries (China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam, and India), where it has been used as a valuable source of culinary and traditional medicinal uses. The leaves, seeds, and stems of <i>P. frutescens</i> are used for various therapeutic applications in folk medicine. In the absence of a comprehensive review regarding all aspects of perilla, this review aims to present an overview pertaining to the botanical drug, ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and biological activity. It was found that the taxonomic classification of perilla species is quite confused, and the number of species is vague. Perilla has traditionally been prescribed to treat depression-related disease, anxiety, asthma, chest stuffiness, vomiting, coughs, colds, flus, phlegm, tumors, allergies, intoxication, fever, headache, stuffy nose, constipation, abdominal pain, and indigestion, and acts as an analgesic, anti-abortive agent, and a sedative. Until now, 271 natural molecules have been identified in perilla organs including phenolic acids, flavonoids, essential oils, triterpenes, carotenoids, phytosterols, fatty acids, tocopherols, and policosanols. In addition to solvent extracts, these individual compounds (rosmarinic acid, perillaldehyde, luteolin, apigenin, tormentic acid, and isoegomaketone) have attracted researchers' interest for its pharmacological properties. Perilla showed various biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-allergic, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and neuroprotection effects. Although the results are promising in preclinical studies (in vitro and in vivo), clinical studies are insufficient; therefore, further study needs to be done to validate its therapeutic effects and to ensure its safety and efficacy.
Observation on serology and histology of patients with chronic hepatitis B after interferon treatment (2002)

Objective To investigate the changes in serology and liver histology of patients with chronic hepatitis B after interferon treatment. Methods Twenty four patients with chronic hepatitis B were enrolled in this research. Sera of patients were obtained before and after interferon treatment respectively. Liver biopsy was performed in each patient before and after treatment respectively. Serum ALT, HBsAg, HBcAg, HBeAg, HBV DNA and TIMP 1 were evaluated, as well as HAI(histological activity index), HBsAg, HBcAg, HBeAg, TIMP 1 and activated HSC in liver. Results The patients responded to interferon accounted for 7/24(37.5%). Compared with pretreatment, the serum HBV DNA and TIMP 1 decreased significantly( P 0.05) after treatment,so did the HAI, HBsAg, HBcAg, HBeAg, TIMP 1 and activated HSC( P 0.05) in liver. Conclusions Interferon treatment can inhibit viral replication in patients with chronic hepatitis B, decrease the viral antigen expression in liver, reduce the TIMP 1 in serum and liver, decrease the number of activated HSC in liver.
Characterization of Hydrophilized PCL Electrospun Sheet as an Efective Guided Bone Regeneration Membrane (2007)

Electrospinning is a fabrication process that can produce highly porous nano-scale fiber-based matrices using an electrostatically driven jet of polymer solution. This method represents an attractive approach for polymeric biomaterial processing which provides the membrane structure that may retain mechanical strengths, flexibility, and high surface area. In this study, we prepared a guided bone regeneration (GBR) membrane with selective permeability, hydrophilicity, good mechanical strength and adhesiveness with bone using polycaprolactone (PCL) and Tween 80 by the electrospinning method. The prepared PCL and PCL/Tween 80 electrospun sheets were characterized via morphology observation, mechanical property, water absorbability, and model nutrient permeability. It was observed that the PCL/Tween 80 (3 wt%) electrospun sheet have an effective permeation of nutrients as well as the good mechanical strength to maintain a secluded space for the bone regeneration. From the results, the hydrophilized PCL/Tween 80 (3 wt%) electrospun sheet seem to be a good candidate as a GBR membrane.
Time-optimal reorientation for rigid satellite with reaction wheels (2012)

This article introduces a time-optimal reorientation manoeuvre controller with saturation constraints on both reaction wheels’ torques and angular momentum. The proposed control scheme consists of two parts. The first part is an open-loop time-minimum reorientation trajectory generated by the Legendre pseudospectral method. Actuator dynamics, saturations on control torques and angular momentums of reaction wheels are taken into account in generating the open-loop optimal trajectory. The second part is a closed-loop tracking control law to track the optimised reference trajectory based on attitude error dynamics with reaction wheel dynamics. Numerical simulations show that reaction wheel dynamics play an important role in attitude manoeuvres. The proposed controller performs better for rest-to-rest reorientation manoeuvre than other existing methods.