gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Using a Camera to Capture and Correct Spatial Photometric Variation in Multi-Projector Displays (2003)

Photometric variation in multi-projector displays is arguably the most vexing problem that needs to be addressed to achieve seamless tiled multi-projector displays. In this paper, we present a scalable real-time solution to correct the spatial photometric variation in multi-projector displays. A digital camera is used to capture the intensity variation across the display in a scalable fashion. This information is then used to generate a per-pixel attenuation and offset map for each projector. The former achieves intensity scaling while the later compensates for differing black levels at different regions of the display. These maps are then used to modify the input to the projectors to correct the photometric variation. The contributions of our photometric capture and the correction method are the follwing. First, despite the limited resolution of the digital camera, this method is scalable to very high resolution displays. Second, unlike previous methods, this does not require an explicit knowledge of the location of the boundaries of the projectors for generating the attenuation and offset maps. Third, this compensates for the varying black level of the display. Finally, the correction is implemented in real time for OpenGL applications using the distributed rendering framework of Chromium. 1
Spatial Compliances Achieved With Serial Elastic Mechanisms (2000)

Abstract Previously, the structure of a spatial stiffness matrix and its realization using a parallel elastic system have been addressed. This paper extends those results to the analysis and realization of a spatial compliance matrix using a serial mechanism. We show that, a spatial compliance matrix can be decomposed into a set of rank-1 primitive matrices, each of which can be realized with an elastic joint in a serial mechanism. To realize a general spatial compliance, the serial mechanism must contain joints that couple the translational and rotational motion along/about an axis. The structure of a spatial compliance matrix can be uniquely interpreted by a 6-joint serial elastic mechanism whose geometry is obtained from the eigenscrew decomposition of the compliance matrix. The results obtained from the analysis of spatial compliant behavior and its realization in a serial mechanism are compared with those obtained for spatial stiffness behavior and its realization in a parallel mechanism.
Development of real-time monitors for gaseous formaldehyde. Final report, 1 December 1988-30 September 1989 (1990)

Two new methods for real-time measurement of gaseous formaldehyde have been developed. One is a spectroscopic method based on direct fluorescence detection of gaseous formaldehyde following excitation with UV light. This method has been developed to the prototype stage by modifications of a commercial fluorescence SO2 detector to convert it to formaldehyde detection. The prototype spectroscopic formaldehyde monitor exhibits a detection limit of <30 ppbv, with a time response of about one minute. The second method is based on derivatization of formaldehyde in aqueous solution to form a fluorescent product. The detection of fluorescent product was made more sensitive by using intense 254 nm light from a mercury lamp for excitation, thereby allowing use of a simple and efficient glass coil scrubber for collection of gaseous formaldehyde. The wet chemical formaldehyde monitor incorportating these improvements exhibits a detection limit for gaseous formaldehyde of 0.2 ppbv and for aqueous formaldehyde of 0.2 micromolar with time response of about one minute, following a lag time of 2 minutes. Both instruments were tested in the laboratory with gaseous formaldehyde standards, and the aqueous scrubbing/analysis method was field tested by continuous operation over a 10-day period in which outdoor and indoor air were sampledmore » for alternate half-hour periods. A comparison of real-time (aqueous scrubbing/analysis) and integrated measurements, using dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) impingers, showed close agreement between the real-time and DNPH data, even at concentrations as low as 1 ppbv.« less
Method And Apparatus For Evaluatin Of High Temperature Superconductors (1996)

A technique for evaluation of high-T.sub.c superconducting films and single crystals is based on measurement of temperature dependence of differential optical reflectivity of high-T.sub.c materials. In the claimed method, specific parameters of the superconducting transition such as the critical temperature, anisotropy of the differential optical reflectivity response, and the part of the optical losses related to sample quality are measured. The apparatus for performing this technique includes pump and probe sources, cooling means for sweeping sample temperature across the critical temperature and polarization controller for controlling a state of polarization of a probe light beam.
Large enhancement of boron solubility in silicon due to biaxial stress (2002)

One of the important challenges to the semiconductor industry today is to enhance the solid solubility of several dopants, boron in particular, in silicon. We calculate the equilibrium solid solubility of boron in Si from first principles and examine the effect of biaxial stress. We find an unexpectedly large enhancement, on the order of 150%, for only 1% strain primarily due to the charge of the substitutional boron impurity in Si. We point out that this effect is an intrinsic property of Si and is expected to be important for other dopants as well.
High risk Epstein‐Barr virus variants characterized by distinct polymorphisms in the EBER locus are strongly associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (2018)

Whether certain variants of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are linked to the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), which shows a marked geographic restriction, remains an unresolved issue. We performed a case-control study comparing genomic sequences of EBV isolated from saliva samples of 142 population carriers with those from primary tumour biopsies derived from 62 patients with NPC of Hong Kong. Cluster analysis discovered five EBV subgroups 1A-C and 2A-B amongst the population carriers in contrast to the predominance of 1A and -B in the majority of NPC. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified a panel of NPC-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and indels in the EBER locus. The most significant polymorphism, which can be found in 96.8% NPC cases and 40.1% population carriers of Hong Kong, is a four-base-deletion polymorphism downstream of EBER2 (EBER-del) from coordinates 7188-7191 (p = 1.91 × 10<sup>-7</sup> ). In addition, the predicted secondary structure of EBER2 is altered with likely functional consequence in nearly all NPC cases. Using the SNPs and indels associated with NPC, genetic risk score is assigned for each EBV variant. EBV variants with high genetic risk score are found to be much more prevalent in Hong Kong Chinese than individuals of other geographic regions and in NPC than other EBV-associated cancers. We conclude that high risk EBV variants with polymorphisms in the EBER locus, designated as HKNPC-EBERvar, are strongly associated with NPC. Further investigation of the biological function and potential clinical application of these newly identified polymorphisms in NPC and other EBV-associated cancers is warranted.
A Systematic Approach for Load Monitoring and Power Control in Wireless Power Transfer Systems Without Any Direct Output Measurement (2014)

A systematic method is presented in this paper to show that, based only on the measurements of the input voltage and current, the load impedance of a wireless power transfer system can be instantaneously monitored and load power controlled without using any direct measurement from the load. A new mathematic procedure for deriving the output load information based on input voltage and current is explained. This systematic method, which can be applied to wireless power systems with two or more coils, eliminates the need for sensors and communication devices on the load side, thereby greatly simplifying the power control circuitry. The principle of the load estimation method, the power loss optimization and control scheme are described and favorably verified with measurements obtained from an eight-coil wireless power transfer system.
Technical note A novel "cooled-wet" electrode for radiofrequency ablation (2000)

In the light of growing demands for im- proved applicability of radiofrequency ablation (RFA), recently we have developed a novel cooled- wet electrode by taking the advantages of both inter- nally cooled and saline-enhanced electrodes. The ef- ficacy of the electrode was evaluated in both ex vivo and in vivo liver RFA under both low and high power output levels. The ablation volume created with the cooled-wet electrode appeared to be much larger than that reported up to now with the use of other monopolar electrodes. The mechanisms on how this device optimizes the RF energy delivery are also dis- cussed.
MPEG-7 binary format for XML data (2003)

Summary form only given. For the MPEG-7 standard, a binary format for the encoding of XML data has been developed that meets a set of requirements that was derived from a wide range of targeted applications. The resulting key features of the binary format are: high data compression (up to 98% for the document structure), provision of streaming, dynamic update of the document structure, random order of transmission of XML elements as well as fast random access of data entities in the compressed stream. To provide these functionalities, a novel, schema-aware approach was taken that exploits the knowledge of standardized MPEG-7 schema. The XML schema definition is used to assign codes to the individual children of an XML element. These codes are signalled in binary format to select nodes in the XML description tree. The binary format bit stream is organized as a sequence of access units. Each access unit can be decoded independently and contains information about a fragment of the description (fragment payload) and where to place the fragment in the current tree (context path). Compared to the standard text compressor ZIP, or the XML-optimized tool XMill, the MPEG-7 binary format achieves a 2-5 times better compression of the document structure and provides additional functionalities. These increase the flexibility and make it useful in broadcast applications and scenarios with limited bandwidth.
Control of design specific variation in etch-assisted via pattern transfer by means of full-chip simulation (2009)

A novel model-based algorithm provides a capability to control full-chip design specific variation in pattern transfer caused by via/contact etch processes. This physics based algorithm is capable to detect and report etch hotspots based on the fab defined thresholds of acceptable variations in critical dimension (CD) of etched shapes for a prospective dry etch process step. It can be used also as a tool for etch process optimization to capture the impact of a variety of patterns presented in a particular design. A realistic set of process parameters employed by the developed model allows using this novel via-contact etch (VCE) EDA tool for the design aware process optimization in addition to the "standard" process aware design optimization.
Exercise Test Interpretation (2010)

An exercise test delivers a large number of measurements that are valuable in risk prediction, in detecting coronary artery disease, and in describing the functional exercise response of a patient. However, it is difficult to have comprehensive knowledge of all measurements and their thresholds. The Exercise Test Interpretation (XTI) program compares exercise measurements against established thresholds and provides statements and reasoning texts, as well as explanations of the statements when thresholds are exceeded. A concise, clear, and accurate overview of an exercise test is provided. For validation, the FINCAVAS database (Tampere University, Finland) containing mortality, angiographic, and other clinical data has been used.
Network Support for Group Coordination (2000)

Abstract : Recent advances in computer hardware and networking technology have incited the deployment of wide-area streaming media services in the Internet. While such efforts as video-on-demand are largely limited to unidirectional delivery of content to the desktop, synchronously interactive group-oriented application services are foreseeable. In such applications, users collaborate on a shared workspace and freely exchange information in real-time under the premise of coordination and conflict freedom. Telecollaborative applications such as telemedicine or distance learning may profit from such coordination services. Ultimately, group coordination allows for groupware-style computing at Internet scope. The current IP-multicast framework contains provisions for group membership control and reliable dissemination services, however, it lacks support for group coordination. In this paper, we present a framework on network control and coordination functions to orchestrate synchronous multimedia groupwork. Our goal is to achieve a better understanding of the group coordination problem as an important component of future Internet multimedia collaboration tools.
Analyzing system logs: a new view of what's important (2007)

System logs, such as the Windows Event log or the Linux system log, are an important resource for computer system management. We present a method for ranking system log messages by their estimated value to users, and generating a log view that displays the most important messages. The ranking process uses a dataset of system logs from many computer systems to score messages. For better scoring, unsupervised clustering is used to identify sets of systems that behave similarly. We propose a new feature construction scheme that measures the difference in the ranking of messages by frequency, and show that it leads to better clustering results. The expected distribution of messages in a given system is estimated using the resulting clusters, and log messages are scored using this estimation. We show experimental results from tests on xSeries servers. A tool based on the described methods is being used to aid support personnel in the IBM xSeries support center.
ChemInform Abstract: tert‐Butyldimethylsilyl‐Directed Highly Enantioselective Approach to Axially Chiral α‐Allenols. (2013)

Abstract A straightforward synthesis of axially chiral α‐allenols is realized from Tbs‐protected propargylic alcohols, aldehydes, and a chiral secondary amine, followed by desilylation.
Observation of Superconducting Device Using Magnetic Imaging System with a Micro-DC Superconducting Quantum Interference Device Magnetometer (1999)

A magnetic imaging system with a micro-DC superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer has been developed to evaluate superconducting films and to inspect a superconducting device with a high spatial resolution. A superconducting device, i.e., a DC-SQUID made of a superconducting Nb thin film, was observed using the system. The shape of the device was identified by applying the Meissner effect. The trapped fluxes in the device were clearly visible. In addition, the input current and the shielding current flowing on the device were detected by feeding a current to the device. It was confirmed experimentally that the magnetic imaging system was effective in studying superconducting devices.
Abstract 5068: Proteomics based prognostic signature of head and neck cancer (2011)

Abstract Introduction. Molecular cancer diagnostics is rapidly moving beyond genomics to proteomics. Clinical cancer proteomics has the potential to discover, identify, and quantify novel biomarkers for early detection, diagnosis, prediction of the clinical outcome, and to develop effective therapeutic interventions by using these biomarkers as molecular targets. Despite therapeutic interventions, the five-year survival rate of head and neck cancer patients is less than 50%, and the prognosis of advanced HNSCC cases has not improved much over the past three decades. Methods. Using high-throughput proteomics, we identified a panel of biomarkers in head and neck cancer. This panel of markers was verified in a large independent cohort of paraffin embedded head and neck cancer tissues (n=100) using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Kaplan Meier analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to predict the prognosis of these head and neck cancer patients. Positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV respectively) were calculated as function of follow-up period. Results. Our immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated overexpression of a panel of proteins including 14-3-3zeta, 14-3-3sigma, heterogeneous nuclear ribonuclear protein K (HNRNPK), S100A7 and prothymosin alpha (PTMA) in head and neck cancer patients. Kaplan Meier analysis revealed shorter disease-free survival (DFS = 4 mths.) in head and neck cancer patients showing overexpression of the panel of proteins in comparison to patient cohort not showing overexpression of this panel (DFS = 41 mths., p &lt; 0.001). Positive predictive value (PPV) and Negative predictive value (NPV) further verified the reduced disease free survival of these patients. Logistic regression analysis clearly demonstrated the relevance of this panel as the best prognostic signature for head and neck cancer patients (p &lt; 0.001, Hazards ratio, H.R.=19.6, 95% C.I. = 2.3 – 8.5) in comparison to combinations of 2 – 4 markers and clincopathological parameters. Conclusions. In conclusion we identified, verified and developed a proteomics-based prognostic signature for head and neck cancer patients which may find its utility in follow-up clinics to accurately predict the recurrence of the disease after primary treatment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5068. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5068
A high precision CMOS current mirror/divider (2003)

A current mirror topology is proposed that provides very high precision, design insensitive up and down mirrored current, operation over a wide power supply range, straightforward design, and the possibility of conveniently obtaining a wide range of current divisions. This topology is appropriate for those applications in which precise current handling is necessary such as high accuracy A/D and D/A converters and reference cells.
Measuring noise correlation for improved video denoising (2012)

The vast majority of previous work in noise reduction for visual media has assumed uncorrelated, white, noise sources. In practice this is almost always violated by real media. Film grain noise is never white, and this paper highlights that the same applies to almost all consumer video content. We therefore present an algorithm for measuring the spatial and temporal spectral density of noise in archived video content, be it consumer digital camera or film orginated. As an example of how this information can be used for video denoising, the spectral density is then used for spatio-temporal noise reduction in the Fourier frequency domain. Results show improved performance for noise reduction in an easily pipelined system.
Stepwise Synthesis of Robust Metal–Organic Frameworks via Postsynthetic Metathesis and Oxidation of Metal Nodes in a Single-Crystal to Single-Crystal Transformation (2014)

Utilizing PCN-426-Mg as a template, two robust metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), PCN-426-Fe(III) and PCN-426-Cr(III), have been synthesized through a strategy of postsynthetic metathesis and oxidation (PSMO) of the metal nodes step by step. The frameworks remained in their single crystal form throughout. Furthermore, the stability and porosity of the frameworks were significantly improved after PSMO. By taking advantage of both the kinetically labile metal-ligand exchange reactions prior to oxidation and the kinetically inert metal-ligand bonds after oxidation, robust MOFs, which would otherwise be difficult to synthesize, can be readily prepared.
A Conjugated Linoleic Acid Supplement Containing trans-10, cis-12 Reduces Milk Fat Synthesis in Lactating Sheep (2006)

The efficacy of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplements containing trans-10, cis-12 for reducing milk fat synthesis has been well documented in dairy cows, but studies with other ruminant species are less convincing, and there have been no investigations of this in sheep. Therefore, the current study was designed to determine whether trans-10, cis-12 CLA would inhibit milk fat synthesis in sheep. Twenty multiparous ewes in early lactation were paired and randomly allocated to 2 treatments: grass hay plus concentrate either unsupplemented (control) or supplemented with lipid-encapsulated CLA to provide 2.4 g/d of trans-10, cis-12 CLA. The CLA dose was based on published responses of dairy cows extrapolated to ewes on a metabolic body weight basis. The experimental design was a 2-period crossover with 10-d treatment periods separated by a 10-d interval. Compared with the control, CLA supplementation reduced milk fat content from 6.4 to 4.9% and reduced fat yield from 95 to 80 g/d. The CLA treatment also increased milk yield from 1,471 to 1,611 g/d and increased protein yield from 68 to 73 g/d. Milk protein content and DMI were unaffected by treatment. The reduction in milk fat yield was due to decreases in both de novo fatty acid synthesis and uptake of preformed fatty acids. Milk fat content of trans-10, cis-12 CLA was < 0.01 and 0.12 g/100 g of fatty acids for the control and CLA treatments, respectively. The transfer efficiency of trans-10, cis-12 CLA from the dietary supplement into milk fat was 3.8%. Results of the present study demonstrate that a CLA supplement containing trans-10, cis-12 CLA reduces milk fat synthesis in lactating sheep in a manner similar to dairy cows when fed at an equivalent dose (metabolic body weight basis). Furthermore, the nutrients spared by the reduction in milk fat coincided with an increase in milk and milk protein yield.
Benzocrown derivatives as ionophores for alkali cations, II. Synthesis and comparison of urethane‐, ether‐, and ester‐linked bis‐crown compounds and several „crown‐ring free” analogues (1988)

Abstract Nitro derivatives of bis‐crown ethers with urethane ( 2 ), ether ( 10 ), and ester ( 9, 16 ) linkage not being able to form hydrogen bridges were synthesized, and their K + selectivities were determined. A remarkable effect of the NO 2 group on the selectivity was observed when a NO 2 …NH hydrogen bond could be formed while the others showed only slight improvement in general electroanalytical parameters. Several analogues without the crown ether ring ( 25, 26 ) were also prepared, but these compounds lost their alkaline ionophore properties.