gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Architecting Multimedia Conferencing Service using SDN (2016)

Modern Web-enabled multimedia conferencing systems relays the source video flows to all call participants through media conferencing servers. This solution works well for small conference groups. However, as the conference size increases, the outbound bandwidth of the conferencing server becomes the bottleneck, which limits the scalability of the system and eventually degrades conference QoS. In this paper, we re-architect the multimedia conferencing service using Software-Defined Networks (SDN) that provides enhanced scalability and service orchestration. The main idea of our approach is to decouple the data plane and the control plane of the conferencing service. We advertise the group-based traffic forwarding capability of commodity OpenFlow switches as OpenFlow Selective Forwarding as a Service (OFSFaaS). The conferencing server now only handles control traffic, and dynamically establish media channels using OpenFlow switches through OFSFaaS. Preliminary prototype evaluations show that OFSFaaS eliminates the outbound bottleneck at conferencing servers and scales efficiently. OFSFaaS can be subscribed to by a wide range of multimedia services.
Excess charge-carrier induced instability of hybrid perovskites (2018)

Identifying the origin of intrinsic instability for organic-inorganic halide perovskites (OIHPs) is crucial for their application in electronic devices, including solar cells, photodetectors, radiation detectors, and light-emitting diodes, as their efficiencies or sensitivities have already been demonstrated to be competitive with commercial available devices. Here we show that free charges in OIHPs, whether generated by incident light or by current-injection from electrodes, can reduce their stability, while efficient charge extraction effectively stabilizes the perovskite materials. The excess of both holes and electrons reduce the activation energy for ion migration within OIHPs, accelerating the degradation of OIHPs, while the excess holes and electrons facilitate the migration of cations or anions, respectively. OIHP solar cells capable of efficient charge-carrier extraction show improved light stability under regular operation conditions compared to an open-circuit condition where the photo-generated charges are confined in the perovskite layers.
PHASE CONJUGATION IN A HIGH POWER REGENERATIVE LASER AMPLIFIER SYSTEM (1993)

We discuss the design and performance of a master oscillator/regenerative power amplifier laser system using a stimulated Brillouin scattering phase conjugator to control beam aberrations within the amplifier cavity. The master oscillator is a self-seeded Q- switched Nd:YLF laser which provides up to 40 mJ of single frequency light in a 10 ns to 15 ns pulse for amplification. The power amplifier uses a regenerative ring design with approximately 10 total passes and a phase conjugate mirror after the 5th pass. The conjugator is necessary to help produce a plane wavefront and thus a uniform intensity distribution within the ring, a requirement to avoid damage at the high intensities. The energy at the phase conjugate mirror exceeds 1 J/pulse and thus careful attention is paid to the tradeoff between input energy, conjugator reflectivity and near field spatial fidelity of the return. The laser output is in the range of 20 J/pulse, 2 GW peak with average power of 70 W. Measurements have been made at high power of the near field and far field beam quality.
Delivery of GM-CSF to Protect against Influenza Pneumonia (2015)

We also demonstrate that protection is species specific and human GM-CSF do not protect the mice nor stimulates mouse immunity. We also show that IAV-induced lung injury is the culprit for side-effects of GM-CSF in treating mice after IAV infection, and introduce a novel strategy to deliver the GM-CSF to and retain it in the alveolar space even after IAV infection.
<title>Biometric Encryption using image processing</title> (1998)

Biometric Encryption<SUP>TM</SUP> is an algorithm which has been developed to securely link and retrieve a digital key using the interaction of a biometric image, such as a fingerprint, with a secure block of data, known as a Bioscrypt<SUP>TM</SUP>. The key can be used, for example, as an encryption/decryption key. The Bioscrypt<SUP>TM</SUP> comprises a filter function, which is calculated using an image processing algorithm, and other information which is required to first retrieve, and then verify the validity of, the key. The key is retrieved using information from an output pattern formed via the interaction of the biometric image with the filter function. Therefore, the filter function must be designed so that it produces a consistent output pattern (and thus, key). The filter function must also be designed to be secure (i.e. information about the fingerprint cannot be retrieved from the filter function). The consistency of the output pattern and the security of the filter function are the two topics discussed in this paper.
ADAPTIVE OPTICS FOR ABERRATION CORRECTION IN STED MICROSCOPY (2014)

Stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy provides super-resolution imaging of subcellular structures by restricting the region of fluorescence emission to a size far smaller than the diffraction limited focus of the excitation laser beam. Super-resolution is achieved by superimposing the excitation focus with the focus of another laser, which is structured to have a region of minimum (and ideally zero) intensity at the centre of a bright ring. The highintensity second focus is used to force excited molecules to undergo stimulated emission and in so doing prevent spontaneous fluorescence emission. The depletion focus is however susceptible to aberrations, which fill in the zero intensity and distort the ring focus. This in turn leads to compromised resolution and a drop in fluorescence signal. We have developed AO methods to overcome these problems by correcting specimen-induced aberrations [1]. In the STED microscope, specimen-induced aberrations affect three beam paths: the excitation path, the depletion beam and the emission path. As the imaging properties are determined predominantly by the depletion beam, aberration correction in this path is most critical. For this reason, AO STED microscopes have been implemented using a single spatial light modulator (SLM) placed in this beam path [2,3]. The SLM can be used for both aberration correction and as the phase mask required to shape the ring focus. In order to compensate the effects of aberrations in all three beam paths, we have implemented a STED microscope that incorporates both a deformable mirror (DM) and a SLM. This configuration was used to perform feedback correction of aberrations introduced by thick tissue specimens. The SLM is again used in the depletion path; the DM is located so that it can correct all three paths simultaneously. The DM provides coarse aberration correction for all paths, whereas the SLM provides the beam-shaping phase mask and more precise aberration correction for the depletion beam alone. Improved resolution and contrast are shown, particularly in 3D STED, which is more sensitive to aberrations than its 2D counterpart. This method will extend the applicability of adaptive STED microscopy to a greater depth in wider range of specimens.
Shear wave statics using receiver functions (2003)

We extend the seismological receiver function method to the exploration seismic domain to solve the problem of shear wave statics for multicomponent data. The method relies on cross-correlation or deconvolution of pressure with radial component traces in the common-receiver domain followed by a stacking step. This procedure is repeated for each receiver, resulting in a profile of high-resolution stacked receiver functions; events corresponding to shallow mode-converted waves constrain the shear wave static. The method is applied to a line of commercial multicomponent seabed seismic data and gives results in good agreement with a conventional statics method, although results along some other lines require additional interpretation. In contrast to seismological receiver function analysis, the main converted wave energy in the receiver functions originates from reflection at shallow interfaces rather than conversion of upgoing wavefields.
Amplifying Ribbon Extensometer for Measuring Film and Fabric Strain (1977)

Variations of a low-cost amplifying linear threshold extensometer are presented in detail for high or low strain applications. Derivations of scale relationships and extraction forces are included with experimental correlations and analyses given on performance, attachment problems, gain selection, gage and base material compatibility, and zero setting techniques. Flight applications of unamplified gages on parawing deployment tests are noted. The amplified gages perform accurately in laboratory tests and further experience is needed on performance under dynamic environments.
Formation of Cubic Boron Nitride from Rhombohedral Boron Nitride by Explosive Shock Compression (1982)

When rhombohedral BN, which has a layer structure with a three‐layered stacking sequence, was shock‐compressed at 40, 60, and 100 GPa, it was converted to cubic BN. Hexagonal BN was converted to wurtzite‐type BN under the same conditions. These results indicate that the transformation proceeds by a diffusionless mechanism in which the stacking sequence of the BN layers in the starting materials is retained during the process.
Multiresonant Feedback Control of a Three-Degree-of-Freedom Wave Energy Converter (2017)

For a three-degree-of-freedom wave energy converter (heave, pitch, and surge), the equations of motion could be coupled depending on the buoy shape. This paper presents a multiresonant feedback control, in a general framework, for this type of a wave energy converter that is modeled by linear time invariant dynamic systems. The proposed control strategy finds the optimal control in the sense that it computes the control based on the complex conjugate criteria. This control strategy is relatively easy to implement since it is a feedback control in the time domain that requires only measurements of the buoy motion. Numerical tests are presented for two different buoy shapes: a sphere and a cylinder. Regular, Bretschnieder, and Ochi-Hubble waves are tested. Simulation results show that the proposed controller harvests energy in the pitch-surge-heave modes that is about three times the energy that can be harvested using a heave-only device. This multiresonant control can also be used to shift the energy harvesting between the coupled modes, which can be exploited to eliminate one of the actuators while maintaining about the same level of energy harvesting.
Development of large core hollow core photonic bandgap fibres for telecommunications applications (2014)

Hollow core photonic bandgap fibres (HC-PBGFs) are emerging as contenders in the race to identify the best solution for next-generation high capacity transmission systems, owing to their low nonlinearity, ultimate-low signal latency, an ideal match to thulium-doped fibre amplifiers and to the promise to deliver ultralow loss, potentially comparable or even below the level of state-of-the-art single mode fibres. Recently, substantial progress in the development of HC-PBGFs has been reported; however, for these fibres to stand a realistic chance of competing with solid transmission fibres, the key challenges of loss reduction over a sufficiently wide transmission bandwidth, as well as the ability to produce fibres in multi-hundred kilometre lengths must be addressed. A predicted route to reduce loss is by increasing the core size, e.g. from 19-cell to 37-cell. In this work we review recent progress in the development of HC-PBGFs based on a 37-cell core geometry, including the realization of fibres with low loss, wide bandwidth, low modal crosstalk and low bending loss, which have paved the way to data transmission experiments using mode division multiplexing. We also investigate the issue of longitudinal uniformity in HC-PBGFs and report a systematic study of defects observed in these fibres - a first step towards their removal and thus towards the demonstration of multi-kilometre lengths of defect free fibres.
The Prognostic Biomarkers <i>HOXB13, IL17BR</i>, and <i>CHDH</i> Are Regulated by Estrogen in Breast Cancer (2007)

HOXB13, IL17BR, and CHDH are estrogen-regulated genes, but their pattern of correlation with known positive (ER, PR) and negative (HER2) predictors of tamoxifen response differs from canonical ER signature genes. These results provide a biological rationale for the prognostic utility of these three genes in early-stage ER-positive breast cancer and for their potential to predict anti-estrogen resistance.
Frequency analysis of multispectral photoacoustic images for differentiating malignant region from normal region in excised human prostate (2014)

Frequency domain analysis of the photoacoustic (PA) radio frequency signals can potentially be used as a tool for characterizing microstructure of absorbers in tissue. This study investigates the feasibility of analyzing the spectrum of multiwavelength PA signals generated by excised human prostate tissue samples to differentiate between malignant and normal prostate regions. Photoacoustic imaging at five different wavelengths, corresponding to peak absorption coefficients of deoxyhemoglobin, whole blood, oxyhemoglobin, water and lipid in the near infrared (NIR) (700 nm – 1000 nm) region, was performed on freshly excised prostate specimens taken from patients undergoing prostatectomy for biopsy confirmed prostate cancer. The PA images were co-registered with the histopathology images of the prostate specimens to determine the region of interest (ROI) corresponding to malignant and normal tissue. The calibrated power spectrum of each PA signal from a selected ROI was fit to a linear model to extract the corresponding slope, midband fit and intercept parameters. The mean value of each parameter corresponding to malignant and adjacent normal prostate ROI was calculated for each of the five wavelengths. The results obtained for 9 different human prostate specimens, show that the mean values of midband fit and intercept are significantly different between malignant and normal regions. In addition, the average midband fit and intercept values show a decreasing trend with increasing wavelength. These preliminary results suggest that frequency analysis of multispectral PA signals can be used to differentiate malignant region from the adjacent normal region in human prostate tissue.
A Graphene-Based Biosensing Platform Based on the Release of DNA Probes and Rolling Circle Amplification (2014)

We report a versatile biosensing platform capable of achieving ultrasensitive detection of both small-molecule and macromolecular targets. The system features three components: reduced graphene oxide for its ability to adsorb single-stranded DNA molecules nonspecifically, DNA aptamers for their ability to bind reduced graphene oxide but undergo target-induced conformational changes that facilitate their release from the reduced graphene oxide surface, and rolling circle amplification (RCA) for its ability to amplify a primer-template recognition event into repetitive sequence units that can be easily detected. The key to the design is the tagging of a short primer to an aptamer sequence, which results in a small DNA probe that allows for both effective probe adsorption onto the reduced graphene oxide surface to mask the primer domain in the absence of the target, as well as efficient probe release in the presence of the target to make the primer available for template binding and RCA. We also made an observation that the circular template, which on its own does not cause a detectable level of probe release from the reduced graphene oxide, augments target-induced probe release. The synergistic release of DNA probes is interpreted to be a contributing factor for the high detection sensitivity. The broad utility of the platform is illustrated though engineering three different sensors that are capable of achieving ultrasensitive detection of a protein target, a DNA sequence and a small-molecule analyte. We envision that the approach described herein will find useful applications in the biological, medical, and environmental fields.
Association of a Peripheral Blood Metabolic Profile With Coronary Artery Disease and Risk of Subsequent Cardiovascular Events (2010)

Metabolite profiles are associated with CAD and subsequent cardiovascular events.
Vacuum holding fixture and method for fabricating piezoelectric polymer acoustic sensors (1994)

An apparatus and method for bonding a first film to a second film to form a sensor. The first and second films are piezoelectric films. A base section has a mating surface for holding the first film. A top section has a mating surface for holding the second film, the top section and base section being mateable together to form a cavity between the top section mating surface and the base section mating surface with the first film and the second film pressed together inside the cavity to bond the first film to the second film. An internal connection port forming mechanism forms an internal connection port between the first film and the second film when the base section and top section are mated together with the first film and the second film pressed together inside the cavity. Alternately, an internal connection tab forming mechanism can be used to form a sensor having an internal connection tab between the first and second film, instead of having an internal connection port.
Nanosecond Pulse Generator Using Diode Opening Switch for Cell Electroperturbation Studies (2005)

Studies of short pulse cell electroperturbation require high-voltage nanosecond pulses delivered to low- impedance electroporation cuvette loads. We present the design and operation of such a pulse generator based on series and parallel connected ordinary rectifying diodes as an opening switch. The generator is designed to produces 5 ns wide, 10 kV amplitude pulses into a 10 Omega cuvette load. The design incorporates a primary IGBT switch. Pulses produced by the IGBT are compressed by one low- loss, nanocrystalline, saturable core compression stages. The compressed pulses are fed to the diode opening switch through a fast, ferrite saturable core transformer. The all-solid-state design results in reproducible pulses and reliable, long-life operation. The prototype system currently generates pulses of 18.4 ns wide and 4.56 kV amplitude under repetition rate of 20 Hz.
Truncated and modified amyloid-beta species (2014)

Alzheimer's disease pathology is closely connected to the processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) resulting in the formation of a variety of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides. They are found as insoluble aggregates in senile plaques, the histopathological hallmark of the disease. These peptides are also found in soluble, mostly monomeric and dimeric, forms in the interstitial and cerebrospinal fluid. Due to the combination of several enzymatic activities during APP processing, Aβ peptides exist in multiple isoforms possessing different N-termini and C-termini. These peptides include, to a certain extent, part of the juxtamembrane and transmembrane domain of APP. Besides differences in size, post-translational modifications of Aβ - including oxidation, phosphorylation, nitration, racemization, isomerization, pyroglutamylation, and glycosylation - generate a plethora of peptides with different physiological and pathological properties that may modulate disease progression.
New access to 4‐phenyl‐6<i>H</i>‐pyrrolo[1,2‐<i>a</i>]thieno[3,2‐<i>f</i>]‐[1,4]diazepines (1996)

Abstract Pyrrolo[1,2‐ a ]thieno[3,2‐ f ][1,4]diazepines were obtained in an original one step synthesis by treatment of imines 1 with paraformaldehyde in refluxing ethanol. The intermediate Mannich bases were also converted into the thienooxadiazocines 12 and the diazepine N ‐oxide 13 .
Tau hyperphosphorylation on T217 in cerebrospinal fluid is specifically associated to amyloid-β pathology (2017)

Abstract Introduction Modification of CSF tau phosphorylation in AD remains controversial since total-tau and phospho-tau levels measured by immunoassays are highly correlated. Methods Stoichiometry of phosphorylation of CSF tau was monitored on five sites by mass spectrometry. We compared 50 participants with AD at mild to moderate stages, others tauopathies and controls then confirmed our results in a cohort of 86 participants cognitively normal or with mild cognitive impairment and stratified according to amyloid-β status. Results Changes in tau phosphorylation rates were observed in AD participants but not in other tauopathies. T181 appeared slightly hyperphosphorylated in AD. In comparison, T217 phosphorylation, was considerably modified. We demonstrated T217 hyperphosphorylation occurred systematically in amyloid positive participants even at preclinical stage (AUC 0.999). T217 phosphorylation change specificity overpasses other phosphorylated tau sites investigated in this study, but also CSF total-tau and p-tau levels. Discussion CSF T217 hyperphosphorylation defines a specific tauopathy status concomitant with ß-amyloidosis.
Ultra-High Bandwidth Detachable Optoelectronic Probes (1989)

Ultra-high bandwidth detachable optoelectronic sampling probes have been fabricated and characterized. Electrical pulses having a correlation FWHM of 3.5 picoseconds can propagate across the probe contacts. The bandwidth of these probes is greater than 200 GHz. Pulses have been launched from a probe to a short transmission line and detected with a second probe. A single probe configuration has been used to characterize the optical response of a GaAs photodetector.