gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recommender Systems for university elective course recommendation (2017)

Recommender Systems are an ongoing research that is applied in various domains. Course recommendation is considered a challenged domain that has not been explored thoroughly. It benefits undergraduate students who need suggestion and also enhances course selection processes during the pre-registration period. This paper introduces a recommendation system for university elective courses, which recommends the courses based on the similarity between the course templates of students. This paper utilizes two popular algorithms: collaborative based recommendation using Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Alternating Least Square (ALS), and compares their performance on a dataset of academic records of university students. The experimental results show that applying ALS in this domain is superior to collaborative based with 86 percent of accuracy.
Reproductive Hormones in the Early Menopausal Transition: Relationship to Ethnicity, Body Size, and Menopausal Status (2003)

We measured serum reproductive hormone concentrations in a community-based, multiethnic population of premenopausal and early perimenopausal women to determine whether there are ethnic differences in hormones that can be explained by host factors. We studied 2930 participants in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation who were aged 42-52 yr and self-identified as African-American (27.6%), Caucasian (47.1%), Chinese (7.4%), Hispanic (8.8%), or Japanese (9.0%) at 7 clinical sites. Outcome measures from this baseline assessment of a longitudinal study were serum estradiol (E2), FSH, testosterone (T), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and SHBG concentrations and calculated estimates of free steroid availability, free testosterone index, and free E2 index from serum collected primarily in the early follicular phase of a spontaneous menstrual cycle. The primary explanatory variables were race/ethnicity, menopausal status, age, body mass index, day of the cycle, smoking, alcohol use, and physical activity. Chinese women had lower unadjusted E2 and SHBG levels, and Hispanic women had lower unadjusted T levels than other ethnic groups. Unadjusted serum FSH levels did not differ by race/ethnicity. E2 levels adjusted for host characteristics, particularly body size, did not differ by race/ethnicity. Adjusted FSH levels were higher, and adjusted T levels were lower in African-American and Hispanic women. Serum E2 and FSH concentrations were highly variable. Serum FSH levels, but no other hormone concentrations, were positively correlated with menopausal status. Serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels were negatively correlated with age, but not menopausal status. All hormone concentrations were significantly correlated with body mass index. We conclude that serum sex steroid, FSH, and SHBG levels vary by ethnicity, but are highly confounded by ethnic disparities in body size.
Evidence for Extended Interactions between Metal Atoms from Electronic Spectra of Crystals with Square Complexes (1974)

Frequently, the square-planar molecular or ionic complexes of platinum(II) or palladium(II) in crystals are aligned directly over one another in one dimensional stacks. The electronic absorption spectra of the crystals for polarized light in favorable circumstances provide information about the crystal interactions and possible intermolecular electron transfers in the solid state, For crystals with large metal-metal separations, >4.lÅ, the d-d spectra correlate closely in energies and intensities with solution spectra. The spectra of crystals with Pt2Br62- ions indicate metal-metal electron transfer between metals a t 3.55Å, although the transfer may be influenced by the bromide bridges. For Magnus1 green salt the spectral changes of PtCl42- are consistent with large energy shifts of Frenkel excitons by crystal effects. However, for some molecular complexes with separations of 3.4-3.5Å, electron transfers to ionic exciton states occur.
Design and Characterization of PEG-Derivatized Vitamin E as a Nanomicellar Formulation for Delivery of Paclitaxel (2013)

Various PEG-Vitamin E conjugates including d-α-tocopheryl poly(ethylene glycol) succinate 1000 (TPGS) have been extensively studied as a nonionic surfactant in various drug delivery systems. However, limited information is available about the structure-activity relationship of PEG-Vitamin E conjugates as a micellar formulation for paclitaxel (PTX). In this study, four PEG-Vitamin E conjugates were developed that vary in the molecular weight of PEG (PEG2K vs PEG5K) and the molar ratio of PEG/Vitamin E (1/1 vs 1/2) in the conjugates. These conjugates were systematically characterized with respect to CMC, PTX loading efficiency, stability, and their efficiency in delivery of PTX to tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Our data show that PEG5K-conjugates have lower CMC values and are more effective in PTX loading with respect to both loading capacity and stability. The conjugates with two Vitamin E molecules also worked better than the conjugates with one molecule of Vitamin E, particularly for PEG2K-system. Furthermore, all of the PEG-Vitamin E conjugates can induce significant suppression of P-gp function. More importantly, PTX-loaded PEG5K-VE2 resulted in significantly improved tumor growth inhibitory effect in comparison to PTX formulated in PEG2K-VE or PEG2K-VE2, as well as Cremophor EL (Taxol) in a syngeneic mouse model of breast cancer (4T1.2). Our study suggests that PEG5K-Vitmin E2 may hold promise as an improved micellar formulation for in vivo delivery of anticancer agents such as PTX.
Dampness and mold in homes across China: Associations with rhinitis, ocular, throat and dermal symptoms, headache and fatigue among adults (2018)

We studied dampness and mold in China in relation to rhinitis, ocular, throat and dermal symptoms, headache and fatigue. A questionnaire study was performed in six cities including 36 541 randomized parents of young children. Seven self-reported signs of dampness were evaluated. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs). Totally, 3.1% had weekly rhinitis, 2.8% eye, 4.1% throat and 4.8% skin symptoms, 3.0% headache and 13.9% fatigue. Overall, 6.3% of the homes had mold, 11.1% damp stains, 35.3% damp bed clothing, 12.8% water damage, 45.4% window pane condensation, 11.1% mold odor, and 37.5% humid air. All dampness signs were associated with symptoms (ORs from 1.2 to 4.6; P < 0.001), including rhinitis (ORs from 1.4 to 3.2; P < 0.001), and ORs increased by number of dampness signs. The strongest associations were for mold odor (ORs from 2.3 to 4.6) and humid air (ORs from 2.8 to 4.8). Associations were stronger among men and stronger in Beijing as compared to south China. In conclusion, dampness and mold are common in Chinese homes and associated with rhinitis and ocular, throat and dermal symptoms, headache and fatigue. Men can be more sensitive to dampness and health effects of dampness can be stronger in northern China.
APPC/MVS distributed application support (1992)

Advanced Program-to-Program Communication for Multiple Virtual Storage (APPC/MVS) is a major evolutionary change to MVS for applications that need to connect and communicate across the enterprise. APPC/MVS is an implementation of Systems Network Architecture (SNA) LU 6.2 session-defined protocol. This new MVS environment includes services to enhance the creation, execution, and management of MVS peer-to-peer and client/server applications. In addition to providing connectivity and communications services, APPC/MVS also has scheduling facilities for managing concurrent work originating from other systems in the enterprise network. The objective of this paper is to survey these facilities by examples of usage and by relationships to existing MVS services. Topics include various types of distributed models and approaches, design considerations, and characteristics that represent candidates for an APPC/MVS implementation. Relationships of the APPC/MVS environment with the Customer Information Control System/Enterprise Systems Architecture (CICS/ ESA™), Information Management System/ Enterprise Systems Architecture Transaction Manager (IMS/ESA™ TM), Time Sharing Option Extensions (TSO/E), and batch environments are included.
The effect comparison of ILM flap and traditional ILM peeling in iMH (2023)

The inverted ILM flap and the ILM Peeling were both able to obtain high closure rate. However, the inverted ILM flap showed no obvious advantages related to anatomical morphology and visual function over ILM peeling.
Ketamine and Midazolam Neurotoxicity in the Rabbit (1991)

Ketamine and midazolam can produce analgesia following intrathecal administration in rabbits. However, neurotoxicity studies are required before these agents can be considered safe for clinical use. The aim of this study was to evaluate by histologic and blood-brain barrier (BBB) studies whether ketamine or midazolam could be used as an alternative to local anesthetics or opioids to produce spinal analgesia. Forty white New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned to four groups of 10. In the conscious animal, 0.3 ml 0.9% saline solution, 1% lidocaine, 1% ketamine, or 0.1% midazolam was intrathecally injected intracisternally using a modification of the technique of Yaksh et al. Light and fluorescence microscopy were performed on transverse spinal cord sections by a neuropathologist unaware of the administered agents. All spinal cord section slides were scored within four zones: upper cervical, lower cervical, median thoracic, and lumbar segments. Spinal cord homogeneous lesions with higher scores than those of lidocaine-treated animals were considered abnormal. The BBB study showed evidence of neurotoxicity for ketamine, whereas light microscopy indicated no significant differences in comparison with saline and lidocaine. Midazolam-treated rabbits showed significant changes in both BBB and light microscopy studies. In view of these results, the intrathecal use of midazolam should be avoided in humans. Lesions observed following ketamine suggest the need for further experimental studies of the solvent and different ketamine enantiomers to establish definitively the safety of intrathecal free ketamine in humans.
Rigorous modeling of mid-range wireless power transfer systems based on royer oscillators (2013)

Resonant Wireless Power Transfer over variable distances requires adaptive frequency change in order to preserve efficiency. The Royer oscillator provides the capability of correctly tracking the most efficient resonant frequency without the need of cumbersome control systems. In this paper, a rigorous modeling, including frequency-dependent losses, of a wireless power transfer system based on Royer oscillators is presented and experimentally verified.
Accumulation of cyanide and thiocyanate in haemodialysis patients (2004)

The elevation of thiocyanate in patients undergoing dialysis probably is secondary to both limited efficiency of HD and deranged metabolism of cyanide and thiocyanate. Because thiocyanate is a preferred substrate for MPO, it may play a role in uraemic complications including cardiovascular events.
Studies of Tactile Speechreading Enhancement in Deaf Adults (1995)

The purpose of this report is to review results from a series of studies of tactile speechreading enhancement in deafened adults. The dependent variable in each study was the percentage of words recognized in everyday sentences of known topic. In the first study, eight subjects obtained an average enhancement of 9 percentage points using a 16-channel, spatiotemporal, tactile display of voice fundamenta l frequency (Fo). In a second study, three of these eight subjects obtained a mean enhancements of 10 and 8 percentage points, respectively, with the 16-channel display of Fo and a single-channel, temporal-only, display. In a third study, one of the eight subjects, who had received an enhancement of 9 percentage points with the 16-channel display of Fo, obtained a 5 percentage point enhancement from a 7-channel display of the speech spectrum. In a fourth study, a highly experienced tactile aid user obtained a 20 percentage point enhancement using single-channel tactile presentation of the low-frequency components of the acoustic speech signal. The presence of similar and significant speech-reading enhancements with a variety of tactile displays is encouraging, but findings from auditory Fo enhancement studies indicate that even better results should be possible. Coding and training strategies need to be addressed in continuing efforts to improve tactile devices as aids to speechreading.
Plasmon‐Driven Selective Oxidation of Aromatic Alcohols to Aldehydes in Water with Recyclable Pt/TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposites (2010)

Everything's gone green: The selective oxidation of aromatic alcohols to aldehydes has been achieved by use of a green energy source and solvent combination. Solar energy with a recyclable Pt/TiO2 photocatalyst in water at ambient temperature brought about the desired oxidation with high selectivity and relatively long-term stability. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Mechanical characterization of single high-strength electrospun polyimide nanofibres (2008)

Ultimate tensile strength and axial tensile modulus of single high-strength electrospun polyimide [poly(p-phenylene biphenyltetracarboximide), BPDA/PPA] nanofibres have been characterized by introducing a novel micro tensile testing method. The polyimide nanofibres with diameters of around 300 nm were produced by annealing their precursor (polyamic acid) nanofibres that were fabricated by the electrospinning technique. Experimental results of the micro tension tests show that polyimide nanofibres had an average ultimate tensile strength of 1.7 ± 0.12 GPa, axial tensile modulus of 76 ± 12 GPa and ultimate strain of ∼3%. The ultimate tensile strength and axial tensile modulus of the electrospun polyimide nanofibres in this study are among the highest ones reported in the literature to date. The precursor nanofibres with similar diameters and molecular weights had an average ultimate tensile strength of 766 ± 41 MPa, axial tensile modulus of 13 ± 0.4 GPa and ultimate strain of ∼43%. The experimental stress–strain curves obtained in this study indicate that under axial tension, the precursor (polyamic acid) nanofibres behave as linearly strain-hardening ductile material without obvious softening at final failure, while the polyimide nanofibres behave simply as brittle material with very high tensile strength and axial tensile modulus. Furthermore, by using a transmission electron microscope, detailed fractographical analysis was performed to examine the tensile failure mechanisms of the polyimide nanofibres, which include chain scission, pull-out, chain bundle breakage, etc. X-ray diffraction analysis of the highly aligned polyimide nanofibres shows the high chain alignment along the nanofibre axis that was formed in the electrospinning process and responsible for the high tensile strength and axial tensile stiffness. (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version)
Bulk current injection testing of cable noise reduction techniques, 50 kHz to 400 MHz (2009)

This paper presents empirical results of cable noise reduction techniques as demonstrated using bulk current injection (BCI) techniques with radiated fields from 50 kHz-400 MHz. It is a follow up to the two-part paper series presented at the Asia Pacific EMC Conference that focused on TEM cell signal injection. This paper discusses the effects of cable types, shield connections, and chassis connections on cable noise. For each topic, well established theories are compared with data from a real-world physical system.
MACRA: Emerging from the Thicket (2018)

is Corporate Counsel at Greenway Health, a leading provider of health information technology to ambulatory healthcare practices.He is also a member of the Executive Committee of the Electronic Health Records Association (EHRA.).The opinions expressed in this Article are solely those of 11r.Heller, and do not reflect the views of Greenway Health, the EHRA, or any other entity or individual.The author would like to thank Debbie J. Alfstad, the practice administrator of the Retina Institute of Texas, PA. for her contribution to this article with respect to health information exchange
Use of Fluorochemical Surfactants in Nonaqueous Stimulation Fluids (1980)

This paper discusses a fluorochemical surfactant that is surface-active in hydrocarbon liquids such as kerosene and xylene and can function as an effective foaming agent for these liquids. A new apparatus for evaluating foaming capability in the laboratory is described, and data for hydrocarbon liquids foamed with this surfactant using this apparatus are presented. Field tests are described. Introduction Various types of foamed aqueous stimulation fluids have found considerable use in the oil field, but in many instances water can damage a formation, and foamed hydrocarbon liquids would be preferable. In addition, there are cases where foaming of hydrocarbon solvents would make them more efficient and where condensate removal by foaming would be desirable.A fluorochemical foaming agent has been developed which is capable of foaming nonpolar hydrocarbon liquids such as kerosene, xylene, and condensate for a variety of oilfield applications. This fluorochemical, identified as FC-C in this article, is a mixture of nonionic fluorochemical surfactants belonging to the chemical class of fluorinated alkyl esters. Other fluorinated alkyl esters were less effective in foaming nonpolar hydrocarbon liquids, but some showed greater surface tension reduction in hydrocarbons and some foamed alcohols. Laboratory foaming data on FC-C, and three field tests illustrating various applications of this foamer, are discussed. Laboratory Experiments To study the foam-generating capabilities of this fluorochemical surfactant, a foam generator was constructed; the apparatus and experimental procedure for its use are discussed in detail in Ref. 4. This equipment and procedure appear to provide a valuable and reproducible method for determining the foaming characteristics of liquids.Using this apparatus, the procedure to test foam consists of placing a liquid in a suitable vessel so it can be subjected to a constant pressure of 150 psi (1 MPa), passing the liquid through an aspirating inline generator, and collecting the foam in a tared graduated cylinder for measurement of foam quality and half-life. Foam quality is defined as percent by volume of gas phase in the foam, and half-life is defined as the time required for one-half of the liquid in the foam to drain from the foam, regardless of whether the foam actually breaks or simply drains.Using this procedure, hydrocarbon liquids were foamed using FC-C, and foam data are summarized in Table 1. For comparison, this table includes equivalent data for an aqueous foam generated by this same procedure, using a well-known aqueous foamer (Adofoam BF-1(TM) from Nalco Chemical Co.). It is evident that under these conditions, FC-C at 0.1% (solids) foams kerosene and diesel oil about as effectively as the aqueous foamer foams water at 0.5% (solids). It also produces good foam in xylene and fairly good foam in 55 degrees API gravity (0.75-g/cm3) condensate but does not foam hexane. JPT P. 1695＾
Antagonistically driven finger design for the anthropomorphic DLR Hand Arm System (2010)

The DLR Hand Arm System is a highly dynamic and fully integrated mechatronic system which uses an anthropomorphic design. It exhibits impressive robustness by using a complete variable stiffness actuation paradigm. It aims at reaching the human archetype in most of its performances and its design. The methodology consists in understanding the human archetype on a functional basis rather than to copy it. However, the design is driven by two antipodal concepts: On one hand, the design has to be simple, robust, and easy to maintain. On the other hand it must be anthropomorphic in shape and size but also, more importantly, in functionality. The paper presents a finger design that combines a reduced diversity of parts with the need to build five kinematically different fingers. The fingers are protected against overload by allowing subluxation of the joints. The tendon routing allows for an antagonistic actuation and is optimized to minimize friction and wear. The resulting combination of the link design and the antagonistic actuation is shown to be robust against impacts as well as highly dynamic. They achieve the targeted maximum fingertip force of 30 N in stretched out configuration. The use of antagonistic drives enables to tackle problems of tendon over-stretching and slackening that commonly encounter in tendon driven mechanisms. Due to the enhanced capabilities and, in especial, its robustness, the application developers can focus on the use of innovative grasping and manipulation strategies instead of worrying about the integrity of a costly robotic systems. The possibility of storing energy in the elastic elements of the drive opens new opportunities to perform dynamics based actions (e.g. snapping fingers).
A direct approach to control-flow sensitive region-based memory management (2001)

Region-based memory management can be used to control dynamic memory allocations and deallocations safely and efficiently. Existing (direct-style) region systems that statically guarantee region safety---no dereferencing of dangling pointers---are based on refinements of Tofte and Talpin's seminal work on region inference for managing heap memory in stacks of regions.We present a unified Floyd-Hoare Logic inspired region type system for reasoning about and inferring region-based memory management, using a sublanguage of imperative region commands. Our system expresses and performs control-sensitive region management without requiring a stack discipline for allocating and deallocating regions. Furthermore, it captures storage mode analysis and late allocation/early deallocation analysis in a single, expressive, unified logical framework. Explicit region aliasing in combination with reference-counted regions provides flexible, context-sensitive early memory deallocation and simultaneously dispenses with the need for an integrated region alias analysis.In this paper we present the design of our region type system, illustrate its practical expressiveness, compare it to existing region analyses, demonstrate how this eliminates the need for previously required source code rewritings for good memory performance, and describe automatic inference of region commands that give consistently better (or at least equally good) memory performance as existing inference techniques.