gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supported eText: Assistive technology through text transformations (2007)

Esta investigación es una revisión sistemática de literatura, sobre la identificación de las estrategias utilizadas en el mundo para fortalecer la comprensión lectora, en pro de alcanzar este objetivo, se requiere indagar también sobre qué herramientas, competencias, habilidades, beneficios y dificultades se han desarrollado al implementar con estudiantes de educación secundaria, en los últimos diez años. A partir de la revisión se encontraron 5 estrategias principales (1) Estrategias cognitivas y metacognitivas partiendo de la motivación e intereses de lectura, (2) uso y creación de recursos hipermediales, (3) currículo adaptado a nuevas tecnologías, alfabetización digital, (4) formulación de evaluaciones en formato digital e (5) investigación en la Web - Motores de Búsqueda, también se plantea el uso de varias herramientas tecnológicas como son: la lectura digital, el uso de hipertextos y los ambientes TIC, se concluye que estas estrategias y herramientas contribuyeron al fortalecimiento de la comprensión lectora a nivel mundial, a partir de la utilización de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación.
Quantum Network: Security Assessment and Key Management (2022)

As an extension of quantum key distribution, secure communication among multiple users is a basic task in a quantum network. When the quantum network structure becomes complicated with a large number of users, it is important to investigate network issues, including security, key management, latency, reliability, scalability, and cost. In this work, we utilize the classical network theory and graph theory to address two critical issues in a quantum network, security and key management. First, we design a communication scheme with the highest security level that trusts a minimum number of intermediate nodes. Second, when the quantum key is a limited resource, we design key management and data scheduling schemes to optimize the utility of data transmission. Our results can be directly applied to the current metropolitan and free-space quantum network implementations and can potentially be a standard approach for future quantum network designs.
Exploiting Memory Soft Redundancy for Joint Improvement of Error Tolerance and Access Efficiency (2009)

Technology roadmap projects nanoscale multibillion- transistor integration in the coming years. However, on-chip memory becomes increasingly exposed to the dual challenges of device-level reliability degradation and architecture-level performance gap. In this paper, we propose to exploit the inherent memory soft ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">transient</i> ) <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">redundancy</i> for on-chip memory design. Due to the mismatch between fixed cache line size and runtime variations in memory spatial locality, many irrelevant data are fetched into the memory thereby wasting memory spaces. The proposed soft-redundancy allocated memory detects and utilizes these memory spaces for jointly achieving efficient memory access and effective error control. A runtime reconfiguration scheme is also proposed to further enhance the soft-redundancy allocation. Simulation results demonstrate 74.8% average error-control coverage ratio on the SPEC CPU2000 benchmarks with average of 59.5% and 41.3% reduction in memory miss rate and bandwidth usage, respectively, as compared to the existing memory techniques. Furthermore, the proposed technique is fully scalable with respect to various memory configurations.
The Arabidopsis Thaliana-Pseudomonas Syringae Interaction (2002)

Pseudomonas syringae is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium with polar flagella (Figure Strains of P. syringae collectively infect a wide variety of plants. Different strains of P. syringae, however, are known for their diverse and host-specific interactions with plants A specific strain may be assigned to one of at least 40 pathovars based on its host range among different plant species Understanding the molecular basis of this high level of host specificity has been a driving force in using P. syringae as a model for the study of host-pathogen interactions. In crop fields, infected seeds are often an important source of primary inoculum in P. syringae diseases, and epiphytic bacterial growth on leaf surfaces often precedes disease development P. syringae enters the host tissues (usually leaves) through wounds or natural openings such as stomata, and in a susceptible plant it multiplies to high population levels in intercellular spaces. Infected leaves show water-soaked patches, which eventually become necrotic. Depending on P. syringae strains, necrotic lesions may be surrounded by diffuse chlorosis. Some strains of P. syringae also cause cankers and galls In resistant plants, on the other hand, P. syringae triggers the hypersensitive response (HR), a rapid, defense-associated death of plant cells in contact with the pathogen
Feasibility of Computer-Based Self-Administered Cancer-Specific Geriatric Assessment in Older Patients With Gastrointestinal Malignancy (2013)

The computer-based CSGA feasibility endpoints were met, although approximately half of patients required assistance. The CSGA added information to clinical assessment but did not affect clinical decision-making, possibly due to limited alternate treatment options in this subset of patients.
Optimal response functions in a network of discretely firing neurons (1997)

An objective function is defined which models an unsupervised neural network of discretely firing neurons. The objective function can be explicitly optimised with respect to the choice of probabilistic model that describes the neuron properties; this optimisation is done explicitly (i.e. algebraically) in some special cases.
Which Factors Determine the Reactivity and Regioselectivity of Free Radical Substitution and Addition Reactions? (1982)

Abstract The relative importance of bond strength, steric effects, and polarity in determining the rate and orientation of free radical subsitution and free radical addition reaction is considered. The factors which control substitution reaction (radical transfer reaction) are gathered together as five “rules”, and a similar five “rules” are proposed for addition rections. These “rules” are shown to be special cases of two “laws” which govern all free radical reactions.
Degradation of cardiac troponin I: implication for reliable immunodetection (1998)

We have analyzed by different immunological methods the proteolytic degradation of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in human necrotic tissue and in serum. cTnI is susceptible to proteolysis, and its degradation leads to the appearance of a wide diversity of proteolytic peptides with different stabilities. N- and C-terminal regions were rapidly cleaved by proteases, whereas the fragment located between residues 30 and 110 demonstrated substantially higher stability, possibly because of its protection by TnC. We conclude that antibodies selected for cTnI sandwich immunoassays should preferentially recognize epitopes located in the region resistant to proteolysis. Such an approach can be helpful for a much needed standardization of cTnI immunoassays and can improve the sensitivity and reproducibility of cTnI assays.
Clinical assessment of the cancer diagnostic value of prostatic zinc: A comprehensive needle‐biopsy study (2008)

The PCa diagnostic potential of Local Zinc concentration is confirmed and there is indication that the amount of Zinc depletion could be used as a measure of the Gleason score of the tumor. Local Zinc concentration mapping has the potential to improve patient selection for biopsy, biopsy site selection and local therapy (e.g., Cryotherapy, Brachytherapy) site selection.
Psychomotor function in affective disorders: an overview of new monitoring techniques (1981)

Clinicians and researchers lack accuracy in assessing psychomotor functions of patients. Several objective monitoring techniques have recently been proposed with the goal of compiling accurate determinations. These include electromyographic determinations of facial expressions of emotion, measurement of speech phonation and pause times, and use of movement-activated recording monitors to quantify motility. Objective psychomotor assessments may improve classification, longitudinal monitoring, treatment selection, and prediction of outcome for patients with depression and mania.
Radical Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition of Titanium Dioxide (2007)

Abstract Titanium dioxide films are grown with radical‐enhanced atomic layer deposition (RE‐ALD) from titanium isopropoxide and oxygen radicals at between 50 and 300 °C on silicon, glass, platinum, and RuO 2 surfaces. Additionally, the films are grown on polymers and natural fibers at 50 °C. The oxygen radicals are produced by dissociating molecular oxygen with a remote microwave plasma discharge. Purified argon is used as the carrier and purge gas. Growth rate saturation and conformal growth are observed, and thus the film growth in the ALD mode was proven. The saturated growth rate is 0.19 nm per cycle at 50 °C, with an overall cycle time of 11 s. The film grown at 50 °C has a dielectric constant of 20, and undergoes catastrophic breakdown at 0.6 MV cm –1 electric field. It contains 13 at.‐% hydrogen and 4 at.‐% carbon. As the deposition temperature is increased to 250 °C, the impurity contents decrease to 0.5 at.‐% for hydrogen and 0.4 at.‐% for carbon. The film density and refractive index are 3.2 g cm –3 and 2.2, respectively, for a film deposited at 50 °C, and increases to 3.8 g cm –3 and 2.4, respectively, for a film deposited at 250 °C. All the films grown below 250 °C are amorphous according to X‐ray diffraction (XRD).
El riñón en las enfermedades sistémicas (2007)

Renal function alterant, sodium and water retention with intravascular volume expansion, and augmentation of the cardiac preload are closely related to the main causes of mortality and morbidity in patients suffering from symptomatic cardiac insufficiency. A review of the renal function alterant in congestive cardiac insufficiency and chronic liver diseases is carried out in this bibliographical revision. Important therapeutic aspects of the patients suffering from cardiac insufficiency considering its renal function alterant are also presented.
SF/sub 6//N/sub 2/ mixtures: basic and HV insulation properties (1995)

The widespread use of SF/sub 6/ by the electric power and other industries has led to increased concentrations of SF/sub 6/ in the atmosphere. This causes concern as to possible effects on global warming, because SF/sub 6/ is a potent greenhouse gas. This paper first touches on this issue and then documents the behavior of high pressure gases such as N/sub 2/ and SF/sub 6//N/sub 2/ mixtures that can be realistically considered as acceptable intermediate or long-term replacements for pure SF/sub 6/ in some HV applications. The possible use of dilute SF/sub 6//N/sub 2/ mixtures as an alternative to pure SF/sub 6/ for some of industry's insulation needs (albeit at higher pressure) is documented, and existing knowledge on these mixtures and on the individual components (N/sub 2/ and SF/sub 6/), both basic and applied, is compiled. A guide to existing literature is provided.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles: 0.13μ CMOS hybrid TV tuner using a calibrated image and harmonic rejection mixer (2007)

Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles<br><br>"0.13μ CMOS Hybrid TV Tuner Using a Calibrated Image and Harmonic Rejection Mixer"<br>by Maxim, A.; Johns, R.; Dupue, S.;<br>in the Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE Symposium on VLSI Circuits,<br>14-16 June 2007 Page(s):206 - 207<br><br>After careful and considered review, it has been determined that the above paper is in violation of IEEE's Publication Principles<br><br>Specifically, Adrian Maxim admitted the information in the paper was falsified. In response to an inquiry on this misconduct, Mr. Maxim acknowledged that the following people who have been listed as co-authors on several of his papers are fabricated names and that he is the only author:<br><br>C. Turinici, D. Smith, S. Dupue, M. Gheorge, R. Johns, D. Antrik<br><br>Additionally, in papers by Mr. Maxim that have co-authors other than those listed above, it was discovered in some cases that he had not consulted with them while writing the papers, and submitted papers without their knowledge.<br><br>Although Mr. Maxim maintains that not all of the data is falsified, IEEE nevertheless cannot assure the integrity of papers posted by him because of his repeated false statements.<br><br>Due to the nature of this violation, reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to the above paper, and to refrain from any future references.<br><br> <br/> A high image (65dB) and harmonic (70dB) rejection single conversion tuner was realized in 0.13μm CMOS for hybrid analog-digital TV receivers. The different local oscillator phases required to drive the harmonic rejection mixer were obtained with an analog phase interpolator connected at the output of a multi-phase ring-oscillator. The image rejection is calibrated by injecting a test tone and shifting the Q LO clocks till a minimum output power is achieved. Tuner specifications include: <7dB noise figure, 45dB max gain for analog TV and 115dB gain for digital TV, >5 dBm out of band IIP3, <0.8°rms integrated phase noise, <-80dBc spurs, 1.3W power from a dual 1.8/3.3V supply and 3mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> die area.
The Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act: The Relationship between the Commercial Activity Exception and the Noncommercial Tort Exception in Light of De Sanchez v. Banco Central de Nicaragua (1987)

Sovereign immunity permits a government and its agents to claim immunity from prosecution in the courts of other nations. In 1976 the United States enacted the Foreign Service Immunities Act adopting a restrictive sovereign immunity policy. This Act included two exceptions under which a foreign sovereignty can be denied immunity: the commercial activity exception and the noncommercial tort exception. The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals in De Sanchez v. Banco Central de Mexico recently announced new tests to determine the application of both exceptions. This Note analyzes the two exceptions and their past interpretation by the courts. It then discusses the effect of the De Sanchez decision on previous cases and as precedent for future decisions. The author concludes that amendments by Congress or clarifications by the courts are necessary to ease application of the exceptions and inform plaintiffs whether their claims are valid under either or both of the exceptions.
Enhanced MCM-C package performance by formation of improved 3-D interconnections (2002)

The authors introduce an improved 3-D interconnection fabricating technology which uses an electron beam to generate surface trenches in green ceramic sheets for the interconnection wirings. The electron beam is capable of generating narrow lines as well as high-density wiring patterns. Electron-beam-formed line cross-sections (line width and thickness) can be adjusted for electrical performance optimization. CMOS and ECL (emitter coupled logic) drivers require different optimized transmission line characteristics for high-performance digital systems. It is shown how the interconnection's cross-sectional dimensions can be controlled by electron-beam machining. Computer simulation results on the range of electrical characteristics achievable in these interconnects as the line space and line cross-section are varied are shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A BIST architecture for sigma delta ADC testing based on embedded NOEB Self-Test and CORDIC algorithm (2010)

This paper presents a Built In Self Test (BIST) technique for sigma delta ADC testing. The proposed solution consists in a mostly digital module, using a binary stream as test stimulus and sine wave fitting algorithm to estimate Signal-to-Noise and Distortion Ratio. Reference signal is generated using COordinate Rotation DIgital Computer CORDIC algorithm. The same structure is used for offset and amplitude adjustment. We are targeting a significant area overhead reduction by proposing a modified Number of Effective Bits NOEB estimation approach, based upon the absolute sum values rather than sum square values. This technique avoids the use of heavy digital signal processing, since it is based on multiplication and division operations. The architecture is completely described at RTL level and does not depend on the ADC features. Experimental results show the efficiency of our approach to test the sigma delta ADC.
Laser Trimming of Micro Mirror Devices (2007)

Abstract Laser trimming of Micro Mirror Devices promises an increasing yield in microsystem technology. Therefore the 3D‐Micromac AG and the Center for Microtechnologies (ZfM) have developed a module for measuring and tuning silicon micro actuators as well as microstructures. By using an ultra short pulsed laser with an UV‐wavelength the cutting of previously etched mass trimming elements and beam stiffness trimming elements has been implemented. These elements for modifying the resonant frequency of the micro mirror device are cut off by removing of silicon connector bars. The resonant frequency was influenced successfully by using this laser trimming tool in a clean room environment at wafer level and the subsequent bonding process of the wafer was demonstrated.
Wearable Device Monitoring Exercise Energy Consumption Based on Internet of Things (2021)

Computer technology and related Internet of things technology have penetrated into people’s daily life and industrial production; even in competitive sports training and competition, the Internet of things technology has also been a large number of applications. Traditional intelligent wearable devices are mainly used to calculate the steps of athletes or sports enthusiasts, corresponding physical data, and corresponding body indicators. The energy consumption calculated by these indexes is rough and the corresponding error is large. Based on this, this paper will design a wearable device which can accurately calculate and monitor sports energy consumption based on relevant sensors and Internet of things technology. The corresponding core algorithm is the step counting algorithm, which can accurately calculate the relationship between human motion and the corresponding energy consumption and feed back to the intelligent device. In the experiment, the wearable device designed in this paper is compared with the traditional intelligent device. The experiment shows that the wearable device proposed in this paper is more accurate in energy consumption estimation than the traditional device, and its corresponding energy consumption is relatively small.
On the Phe-tRNA induced binding of fluorescent oligonucleotides to the ribosomal decoding site (1977)

Fluorescent oligonucleotides were prepared by dansylation of 5'-amino uridylates of varying chainlength. Except for the trinucleoside diphosphate, they stimulated the binding of PhetRNA TO 70S E. coli ribosomes as efficiently as underivatised oligouridylic acids of comparable chainlength. The ternary ribosomal complex [70S X Phe-tRNA X dansyl-n5'U(pU)4] was separated from excess oligonucleotide and its fluorescence spectra were measured. The quantum yield of the dansylated pentauridylate was enhanced 2.5 fold when bound to the ribosomal decoding site, but no shift of the emission spectrum was observed. The ribosomal complex is considered useful for topographic investigations by singlet energy transfer, using the functionally defined decoding site as reference point.
Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant peptide SS-31 mediates neuroprotection in a rat experimental glaucoma model (2019)

To investigate the neuroprotective effects of the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Szeto-Schiller peptide 31 (SS-31) in a rat experimental glaucoma model, SS-31 was intraperitoneally (IP) injected into Sprague-Dawley rats, followed by intracameral injection of polystyrene microspheres to induce elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). After 6 weeks, electroretinography (ERG) and flash visual-evoked potentials (F-VEPs) were recorded to assess retinal function. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed on retinal cross-sections to measure ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness. Apoptotic retinal cells were assessed by TUNEL staining. Brn3a-positive retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) were counted in retinal flat mounts via immunofluorescence. The retinal total SOD, SOD2, and MDA expression levels were assessed in retinal tissue homogenates. The cyt c, Bax, and Bcl-2 protein levels in rat retinas were detected by western blot analysis. Bax and Bcl-2 expressions were also evaluated using immunohistochemistry in paraffinized sections. Our results showed that the rats that received microsphere injection developed elevated IOP. SS-31 ameliorated the reductions in the a- and b-wave amplitudes on ERG and the F-VEP amplitude in glaucomatous eyes. GCC thickness was preserved, TUNEL-positive cells were decreased in the retina, and Brn3a-positive RGCs were increased in the SS-31-treated glaucoma group compared with those in the non-treated glaucoma group. SS-31 significantly reduced MDA levels and increased SOD2 levels after glaucoma induction. Significant suppression of cyt c release, upregulation of Bcl-2, and downregulation of Bax were observed following SS-31 administration. In summary, SS-31 exerts neuroprotective effects in this experimental glaucoma model by inhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction and therefore represents a promising therapeutic agent for glaucoma.
Phototherapy in Scleroderma (2016)

Systemic and localized scleroderma are difficult to manage diseases with no accepted gold standard of therapy to date. Phototherapeutic modalities for scleroderma show promise. A PubMed search of information on phototherapy for scleroderma was conducted. The information was classified into effects on pathogenesis and clinical outcomes. Studies on photopheresis were excluded. There were no randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies, and only three controlled studies. The vast majority of identified studies evaluated ultraviolet A1 (UVA1) phototherapy. More rigorous studies are needed to evaluate phototherapy in the treatment of scleroderma. Based on the limited studies available, 20-50 J/cm<sup>2</sup> of UVA1 therapy 3-4 times a week for 30 treatments is recommended.