gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Simple Engine Model for Idle Speed Control (1985)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper describes a simple engine model at idling and it applies particularly to idle speed control.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Through linearization in the neighborhood of the nominal operating points (650 rpm), the engine is expressed as a reduced-order constant coefficient state variable (2 state) model. It was produced through the system order-reduction method.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The strategy for controlling idle speed uses the Linear Quadratic and Integral (LQI) optimal control theory. The tracking controller was designed using a state variable engine model, and the performance index was minimized. Since state variables are artificially introduced, they are not directly accessible. Therefore, they must be estimated in accordance with a stored dynamic model (i.e. observer), in which the engine dynamic behavior is estimated on the basis of a state variable model which represents the engine's internal states, in determining controlling values.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Since the simple model - oriented LQI controlling method with state observer neither requires exact engine models nor any of the various sensors, the resulting controlling calculations are not particularly complicated. Therefore, it can be easily implemented in an onboard 8 bit microprocessor based system.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">From the experimental results, it was found that the controller can perform tracking with a higher response speed, even in the transient state where the engine is subjected to various torque disturbances.</div>
Thymosins: structure, function and therapeutic applications. (1984)

Using a partially purified preparation, thymosin fraction 5, we have documented that thymosin can correct many of the immunological deficiencies resulting from the lack of thymosin function in animal models and in humans. Ongoing studies indicate that there is a family of biologically active peptides within fraction 5 that act on T-cell subpopulations to maintain normal immunological reactivity. Several of these peptides have been purified to homogeneity. Two peptides, thymosin alpha 1 and beta 4, have been sequenced and chemically synthesized. Thymosin fraction 5 has been used in most clinical trials reported to date, including children with immunodeficiency disease and patients with autoimmune diseases and cancer. Most recently, the National Cancer Institute has initiated a number of Phase I and Phase II clinical trials with thymosin fraction 5 and synthetic alpha 1 as part of a new Biological Response Modifier Program. Preliminary results from two of these studies look encouraging.
Current-mode image sensor with 1.5 transistors per pixel and improved dynamic range (2008)

This paper describes a current-mode active pixel sensor (APS) for low supply voltage, low noise and high resolution/high speed imaging applications. The imager is designed in a standard 0.25μm 2.5V CMOS process. A transistor count of 1.5 per pixel is achieved through transistor sharing and floating diffusion (FD) based addressing. Highly linear current readout in velocity saturation, as well as triple sampling (TS), are used to reduce fixed pattern noise (FPN). Dynamic range (DR) is improved through FD presetting and boosting techniques, which allow the full-well capacity of photodiodes to be utilized without degrading readout linearity. Post-extraction simulation results on FPN and DR are presented, and compared favorably to a conventional 3-transistor pixel design.
Dual on-fiber thin-film heaters for fiber gratings with independently adjustable chirp and wavelength (1999)

Dual, independently addressable thin-film resistive heaters fabricated in a multilayer geometry on the surface of an optical fiber provide a new, flexible means for thermally tuning the properties of intracore gratings. In particular, control of the current that is applied to each of these heaters permits the chirp and the central wavelength of the grating to be adjusted independently. The designs and simple fabrication procedures for these types of device, the important physics of heat flow in them, and a tunable add-drop filter that demonstrates essential aspects of their operation are described.
Volume holographic recording characteristics of an organic medium (1976)

Volume holographic recording characteristics of camphorquinone in a rigid, acrylic polyester host are presented and related to the observed photoinduced refractive index changes. The dependence of the holographic recording on camphorquinone concentration, temperature, and light intensity is discussed in detail. The holograms are permanent and develop to their final efficiency slowly at room temperature. Heating after exposure can be used to accelerate fixing of the hologram.
Motion estimation for high performance transcoding (1998)

Traditionally, the re-use of motion vectors extracted from incoming video bit-stream during transcoding has been widely accepted. However, this simple re-use scheme introduces significant quality degradation in many applications including the situation when the frame-rate conversion is needed. In this paper, we analyzed the quantization errors that cause the extracted motion vectors to be non-optimal and we performed simulations to show the quality degradation due to the inaccurate motion vectors during transcoding. To improve the video quality, we proposed an adaptive motion vector refinement. With a highly reduced computational complexity, the proposed adaptive motion vector refinement achieves significant quality improvement in comparison to the conventional motion vector re-use scheme. In addition, the adaptive motion vector refinement is almost as good as performing a new full-scale motion estimation.
Inner-scale dependence of scintillation variances measured in weak scintillation (1992)

We report results of an experiment in which scintillation variances of log intensity are measured simultaneously with micrometeorological measurements. The latter give four methods for estimating the turbulence inner scale. The propagation path was short, 150 m, such that weak scintillation occurred. The variances were from an effective spherical-wave transmitter and point receiver as well as a large, phase-incoherent transmitter with a similar receiver. We show that the former variance arises from the dissipation range of the refractive-index spectrum and the latter from the spectral bump that lies at the high-wave-number end of the inertial range. When an inner scale deduced from micrometeorological measurements is used, the ratio of these scintillation variances agrees well with theoretical predictions that use an accurate model of the refractive-index spectrum. The measurements extend deeper into the dissipation range than previous similar measurements, further verifying this spectrum model. The measurements from a wide variety of micrometeorological conditions all lie on a single theoretical curve, verifying the universality of small-scale turbulence.
Matching vein patterns from color images for forensic investigation (2012)

Child sexual abuse is a serious global problem and has gained public attention in recent years. Due to the popularity of digital cameras, many perpetrators take images of their sexual activities with child victims. Traditionally, it was difficult to use cutaneous vascular patterns for forensic identification, because they were nearly invisible in color images. Recently, this limitation was overcome using a computational method based on an optical model to uncover vein patterns from color images for forensic verification. This optical-based vein uncovering (OBVU) method is sensitive to the power of the illuminant and does not utilize skin color in images to obtain training parameters to optimize the vein uncovering performance. Prior publications have not included an automatic vein matching algorithm for forensic identification. As a result, the OBVU method only supported manual verification. In this paper, we propose two new schemes to overcome limitations in the OBVU method. Specifically, a color optimization scheme is used to derive the range of biophysical parameters to obtain training parameters and an automatic intensity adjustment scheme is used to enhance the robustness of the vein uncovering algorithm. We also developed an automatic matching algorithm for vein identification. This algorithm can handle rigid and non-rigid deformations and has an explicit pruning function to remove outliers in vein patterns. The proposed algorithms were examined on a database with 300 pairs of color and near infrared (NIR) images collected from the forearms of 150 subjects. The experimental results are encouraging and indicate that the proposed vein uncovering algorithm performs better than the OBVU method and that the uncovered patterns can potentially be used for automatic criminal and victim identification.
Abstract 18674: Effects of Erythropoietin during Hemorrhagic Shock in a Swine Model (2012)

Background: Erythropoietin (EPO) has recently been shown to activate cell survival mechanisms in a broad array of organs and tissues including the heart, brain, kidney, liver, and skin. We developed a swine model of hemorrhagic shock (HS) of increasing severity to investigate whether erythropoietin - through these mechanisms - could help attenuate tissue injury and improve survival. Methods: Two HS protocols were developed in two series of 24 male pigs each. In an initial series, 50% of the estimated blood volume (BV) was withdrawn (BW) over 30 minutes ( Series-50% ); in a subsequent series an additional 15% BV was withdrawn over an additional 30 minutes to a total of 65% BV removal ( Series-65% ). At 90 minutes, normal saline - threefold the BV withdrawn - was given over 240 minutes in both series followed by blood reinfusion (BR). Within each group, pigs were randomized to receive EPO (5,000 U/kg) or NaCl intraosseously after having withdrawn 10% of the BV. Results: Overall survival measured at the end of BR was 87.5% in Series-50% and 25% in Series-65% with no differences between EPO and NaCl (Table). The greater HS severity in Series-65% was evidenced by a lower mean aortic pressure, development of lactic acidosis, and lower oxygen consumption (VO2) at the end of HS. However, these manifestations of increased shock severity appeared to have been attenuated by EPO (Table). Conclusions: Despite comparable survival outcomes, the present study supports the possibility that EPO could exert beneficial hemodynamic effects under conditions of anaerobic metabolism; a possibility currently being investigated by examining whether EPO could be effective in reducing organ dysfunction in combination with therapies able to increase survival.
The Antiadhesive Strategy in Crohn′s Disease: Orally Active Mannosides to Decolonize Pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> from the Gut (2016)

Blocking the adherence of bacteria to cells is an attractive complementary approach to current antibiotic treatments, which are faced with increasing resistance. This strategy has been particularly studied in the context of urinary tract infections (UTIs), in which the adhesion of pathogenic Escherichia coli strains to uroepithelial cells is prevented by blocking the FimH adhesin expressed at the tips of bacteria organelles called fimbriae. Recently, we extended the antiadhesive concept, showing that potent FimH antagonists can block the attachment of adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC) colonizing the intestinal mucosa of patients with Crohn's disease (CD). In this work, we designed a small library of analogues of heptyl mannoside (HM), a previously identified nanomolar FimH inhibitor, but one that displays poor antiadhesive effects in vivo. The anomeric oxygen atom was replaced by a sulfur or a methylene group to prevent hydrolysis by intestinal glycosidases, and chemical groups were attached at the end of the alkyl tail. Importantly, a lead compound was shown to reduce AIEC levels in the feces and in the colonic and ileal mucosa after oral administration (10 mg kg(-1) ) in a transgenic mouse model of CD. The compound showed a low bioavailability, preferable in this instance, thus suggesting the possibility of setting up an innovative antiadhesive therapy, based on the water-soluble and non-cytotoxic FimH antagonists developed here, for the CD subpopulation in which AIEC plays a key role.
Multiple myeloma (2012)

The availability of drugs with different mechanisms that produce anti-multiple myeloma effects and also show synergistic effects has paved the way for more effective and safer combinations and led to multiple myeloma patients living longer with improved quality of lives.
Rapid Detection of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae (2012)

Enterobacterial strains producing clavulanic-acid-inhibited extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are increasingly reported worldwide. Conventional detection of ESBL production remains time-consuming (24 to 48 h). Therefore, the ESBL NDP (Nordmann/Dortet/Poirel) test was developed for a rapid identification of ESBLs in Enterobacteriaceae. This biochemical test was based on the in vitro detection of a cephalosporin (cefotaxime) hydrolysis that is inhibited by tazobactam addition. The ESBL activity was evidenced by a color change (red to yellow) of a pH indicator (red phenol) due to carboxyl-acid formation resulting from cefotaxime hydrolysis that was reversed by addition of tazobactam (positive test). The ESBL NDP test was applied to cultured strains (215 ESBL producers and 40 ESBL nonproducers). Its sensitivity and specificity were 92.6% and 100%, respectively. Its sensitivity (100%) was excellent for detection of CTX-M producers. A few ESBL producers (n = 16) that remained susceptible to cefotaxime were not detected. The test was also evaluated on spiked blood cultures and showed excellent sensitivity and specificity (100% for both). The test was rapid (less than 1 h) and cost-effective. It can be implemented in any health care facility and is well adapted for infection control purposes in particular.
Using decoys to expand the recognition specificity of a plant disease resistance protein (2016)

Maintaining high crop yields in an environmentally sustainable manner requires the development of disease-resistant crop varieties. We describe a method to engineer disease resistance in plants by means of an endogenous disease resistance gene from Arabidopsis thaliana named RPS5, which encodes a nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) protein. RPS5 is normally activated when a second host protein, PBS1, is cleaved by the pathogen-secreted protease AvrPphB. We show that the AvrPphB cleavage site within PBS1 can be substituted with cleavage sites for other pathogen proteases, which then enables RPS5 to be activated by these proteases, thereby conferring resistance to new pathogens. This "decoy" approach may be applicable to other NLR proteins and should enable engineering of resistance in plants to diseases for which we currently lack robust genetic resistance.
Gas Imaging Using Infrared Gas-Correlation Spectroscopy (1996)

In many applications there is an interest to find and visualise gas plumes in real-time. Images of gas concentration distributions are needed in several environmental studies. Global monitoring of greenhouse gases from spacecraft based systems arc important. An industrial application is hydrocarbon emission monitoring from petrochemical installations and leakage detection along pipelines. Indoor monitoring of working environment and surveillance of hazardous gases are other fields where imaging is useful.
Antiviral Activity of Shiga Toxin 1: Suppression of Bovine Leukemia Virus-Related Spontaneous Lymphocyte Proliferation (2000)

Human infections with Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) cause hemorrhagic colitis. The Stxs belong to a large family of ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) that are found in a variety of higher plants and some bacteria. Many RIPs have potent antiviral activity for the plants that synthesize them. STEC strains, both virulent and nonvirulent to humans, are frequently isolated from healthy cattle. Interestingly, despite intensive investigations, it is not known why cattle carry STEC. We tested the hypothesis that Stx has antiviral properties for bovine viruses by assessing the impact of Stx type 1 (Stx1) on bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from cows infected with bovine leukemia virus (BLV). PBMC from BLV-positive animals invariably displayed spontaneous lymphocyte proliferation (SLP) in vitro. Stx1 or the toxin A subunit (Stx1A) strongly inhibited SLP. Toxin only weakly reduced the pokeweed mitogen- or interleukin-2-induced proliferation of PBMC from normal (BLV-negative) cows and had no effect on concanavalin A-induced proliferation. The toxin activity in PBMC from BLV-positive cattle was selective for viral SLP and did not abrogate cell response to pokeweed mitogen- or interleukin-2-induced proliferation. Antibody to virus or Stx1A was most effective at inhibiting SLP if administered at the start of cell culture, indicating that both reagents likely interfere with BLV-dependent initiation of SLP. Stx1A inhibited expression of BLV p24 protein by PBMC. A well-defined mutant Stx1A (E167D) that has decreased catalytic activity was not effective at inhibiting SLP, suggesting the inhibition of protein synthesis is likely the mechanism of toxin antiviral activity. Our data suggest that Stx has potent antiviral activity and may serve an important role in BLV-infected cattle by inhibiting BLV replication and thus slowing the progression of infection to its malignant end stage.
Solution‐Grown Monocrystalline Hybrid Perovskite Films for Hole‐Transporter‐Free Solar Cells (2016)

High-quality perovskite monocrystalline films are successfully grown through cavitation-triggered asymmetric crystallization. These films enable a simple cell structure, ITO/CH3 NH3 PbBr3 /Au, with near 100% internal quantum efficiency, promising power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) >5%, and superior stability for prototype cells. Furthermore, the monocrystalline devices using a hole-transporter-free structure yield PCEs ≈6.5%, the highest among other similar-structured CH3 NH3 PbBr3 solar cells to date.
Highly multiplexed single-cell <i>in situ</i> RNA and DNA analysis with bioorthogonal cleavable fluorescent oligonucleotides (2018)

The ability to profile transcripts and genomic loci comprehensively in single cells <i>in situ</i> is essential to advance our understanding of normal physiology and disease pathogenesis. Here we report a highly multiplexed single-cell <i>in situ</i> RNA and DNA analysis approach using bioorthogonal cleavable fluorescent oligonucleotides. In this approach, oligonucleotides tethered to fluorophores through an azide-based cleavable linker are used to detect their nucleic acids targets by <i>in situ</i> hybridization. After fluorescence imaging, the fluorophores in the whole specimen are efficiently cleaved in 30 minutes without loss of RNA or DNA integrity. Through reiterative cycles of hybridization, imaging, and cleavage, this method has the potential to quantify hundreds to thousands of different RNA species or genomic loci in single cells <i>in situ</i> at the single-molecule sensitivity. Applying this approach, we demonstrate that different nucleic acids can be detected in each hybridization cycle by multi-color staining, and at least ten continuous hybridization cycles can be carried out in the same specimen. We also show that the integrated single-cell <i>in situ</i> analysis of DNA, RNA and protein can be achieved using cleavable fluorescent oligonucleotides combined with cleavable fluorescent antibodies. This highly multiplexed imaging platform will have wide applications in systems biology and biomedical research.
An iterative method for identifying seismic objects by their texture, orientation and size (2001)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2001An iterative method for identifying seismic objects by their texture, orientation and sizeAuthors: Paul MeldahlRoar HegglandBert BrilPaul MeldahlStatoil, Roar HegglandStatoil, and Bert BrilDe Groot‐Bril Earth Scienceshttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1816685 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1816685FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2001ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2001 Pages: 2135 publication data© 2001 Copyright © 2001 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 03 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Paul Meldahl, Roar Heggland, and Bert Bril, (2001), "An iterative method for identifying seismic objects by their texture, orientation and size," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 583-586. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1816685 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Tunable THz band-pass filter (2012)

In this paper we present a design of tunable band-pass filter for THz frequency. The filter consists of several layers of conducting wire grids separated by a layer of metal strips. The structure is filled with nematic liquid crystal providing tunability of the filter frequency response.
A Differential Capacitive Torque Sensor With Optimal Kinematic Linearity (2007)

This paper presents a new design for a torque sensor based on a differential capacitive technology. An arc-radial mechanism is adopted to achieve high rotary/radial motion linearity. Kinematic model of this assembly is derived via vector loop equations. A nonlinearity index is formulated and practical kinematic constraints are imposed. Results show that very high kinematic linearity could be achieved by this new device
Plasma display panel design for simultaneous high efficacy and high luminance (2008)

The plasma display panel efficacy is known to decrease at high luminance, due to both phosphor and plasma saturation. Especially the default green phosphor Willemite is sensitive to saturation. It is shown that an alternative green phosphor, Y1−xGdxBO3:Tb3+, is less sensitive to saturation than Willemite. Also plasma saturation is decreased in a “high efficiency discharge mode,” for design and driving conditions that govern a fast and spatially distributed discharge development. High Xe-content panels, with somewhat higher drive voltages, are especially suited for operation in this discharge mode. Further, in the high efficiency discharge mode a high luminance is obtained, enabling high resolution designs with a relatively small emissive area. For proper designs, operating in the high efficiency discharge mode and using less saturating phosphors, the combination of a high efficacy and a high luminance is achieved. For VGA resolution 5 lm/W and 5000 cd/m2 and for XGA resolution 4 lm/W concurrent with a luminance of 3400 cd/m2 has been realized in low cost stripe-type barrier rib structures, that were sand-blasted in soda-lime glass. Finally, it is shown that the increasing wall charge loss for increasing discharge confinement at higher resolution causes mainly higher operation voltages, while the influence on discharge efficiency is relatively small.
A novel p-channel SOI LDMOS transistor with tapered field oxides (2002)

The on-resistance of p-channel RESURF (reduced surface field) LDMOS (lateral double-diffused MOS) transistors has been improved by using a new tapered TEOS field oxide on the drift region of the devices. With a similar breakdown voltage, at V/sub gs/=-5.0 V, the specific on-resistance of the LDMOS with the tapered field oxide is about 31.5 m/spl Omega//spl middot/cm/sup 2/, while that of the LDMOS with the conventional field oxide is about R/sub sp/=55.3 m/spl Omega//spl middot/cm/sup 2/.