gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Finite Element Analysis of a Floating Microstimulator (2007)

Analytical solutions for voltage fields in a volume conductor are available only for ideal electrodes with radially symmetric contacts and infinitely extending substrates. Practical electrodes for neural stimulation may have asymmetric contacts and finite substrate dimensions and hence deviate from the ideal geometries. For instance, it needs to be determined if the analytical solutions are adequate for simulations of narrow shank electrodes where the substrate width is comparable to the size of the contacts. As an extension to this problem, a "floating" stimulator can be envisioned where the substrate would be finite in all directions. The question then becomes how small this floating stimulator can be made before its stimulation strength is compromised by the decrease in the medium impedance between the contacts as the contacts are approaching each other. We used finite element modeling to solve the voltage and current profiles generated by these radially asymmetric electrode geometries in a volume conductor. The simulation results suggest that both the substrate size and the bipolar contact separation influence the voltage field when these parameters are as small as a few times the contact size. Both of these effects are larger for increasing elevations from the contact surface, and even stronger for floating electrodes (finite substrate in all directions) than the shank-type electrodes. Location of the contacts on the floating electrode also plays a role in determining the voltage field. The voltage field for any device size and current, and any specific resistance of the volume conductor can be predicted from these results so long as the aspect ratios are preserved.
NOS expression is increased in endothelial cells exposed to plasma from women with preeclampsia (1995)

Endothelial cell function is proposed to be altered by a factor(s) in the maternal circulation of women with the pregnancy disorder preeclampsia. Our initial hypothesis was that in preeclampsia, such factor(s) would reduce synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) by endothelial cells. However, we previously observed increased NO synthase activity in endothelial cells exposed to plasma from preeclamptic women. This study tested whether exposing cells to plasma from preeclamptic women increased transcription and/or translation of endothelial NO synthase. Cultured bovine coronary microvascular endothelial cells were exposed to 2% plasma from patients with preeclampsia and patients with uncomplicated pregnancies. Nitrite production was greater in endothelial cells exposed to plasma from preeclamptic women (8.97 +/- 0.54 vs. 6.39 +/- 0.59 nmol nitrites.10(6) cells-1 x 24 h-1; P < 0.05). Similarly, endothelial NO synthase mass as measured by Western immunoblotting was significantly increased (20,980 +/- 1,406 vs. 15,047 +/- 1,003 absorbancy units; P < 0.02). There was no detectable difference in mRNA for endothelial NO synthase. However, actinomycin (3 micrograms/ml), a transcription inhibitor, significantly decreased nitrite production only in cells exposed to plasma from preeclamptic women (5.28 +/- 0.52 vs. 3.56 +/- 0.36 nmol.10(6) cells-1 x 24 h-1, P < 0.05). These findings indicate a regulation of the "constitutive" isoform of NO synthase by factor(s) in the blood of preeclamptic women, which may have significance in this pathological condition of pregnancy.
MACRO MANAGEMENT : NEW ADVANCEMENTS IN WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY AUTOMATE DRIVER INPUT AND TURN VOLUMES OF VEHICLE AND DRIVER DATA INTO BYTE- SIZE PIECES THAT HELP DRIVERS AND MANAGERS ALIKE (2003)

This article looks at wireless fleet management systems, describing how wireless communication systems can offer commercial vehicle operators the ability to monitor a wide range of driver and vehicle performance in real time. These systems can provide vehicle location and information, and can speed up internal processes such as billing. The article describes how many fleet management systems use macros, or user-defined commands, that prompt drivers to input information. Geofencing and automated messaging are also discussed as recent enhancements designed to limit manual and routine communications, and lead to greater efficiency and reduced costs.
Acute and Sustained Reductions in Loss of Meaning and Suicidal Ideation Following Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy for Psychiatric and Existential Distress in Life-Threatening Cancer (2021)

People with advanced cancer are at heightened risk of desire for hastened death (DHD), suicidal ideation (SI), and completed suicide. Loss of Meaning (LoM), a component of demoralization, can be elevated by a cancer diagnosis and predicts DHD and SI in this population. We completed a randomized controlled trial in which psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) produced rapid and sustained improvements in depression, demoralization, and hopelessness in people with cancer. Converging epidemiologic and clinical trial findings suggests a potential antisuicidal effect of this treatment. To probe our hypothesis that PAP relieves SI through its beneficial impacts on depression and demoralization (LoM in particular), we performed secondary analyses assessing within- and between-group differences with regard to LoM and an SI composite score. Among participants with elevated SI at baseline, PAP was associated with within-group reductions in SI that were apparent as early as 8 h and persisted for 6.5 months postdosing. PAP also produced large reductions in LoM from baseline that were apparent 2 weeks after treatment and remained significant and robust at the 6.5 month and 3.2 and 4.5 year follow-ups. Exploratory analyses support our hypothesis and suggest that PAP may be an effective antisuicidal intervention following a cancer diagnosis due to its positive impact on hopelessness and demoralization and its effects on meaning-making in particular. These preliminary results implicate psilocybin treatment as a potentially effective alternative to existing antidepressant medications in patients with cancer that are also suicidal, and warrant further investigation in participants with elevated levels of depression and suicidality.
TRIGGER TOOLS AND ADVERSE DRUG EVENTS AT A LARGE GENERAL HOSPITAL IN SÃO PAULO/SP, BRAZIL (2022)

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify the main adverse drug events (ADEs), and its severity in patients of a large public hospital in São Paulo city using trigger tools and to evaluate its performance. METHODS: This is a prospective study with adults hospitalized in the units of Surgical Center, Medical Clinic, Intensive Care Unit, Adult Emergency Room and Obstetrics, during a period of two months (May to June 2021). Clinical records were reviewed using eleven different trigger tools selected from the Global Trigger Tools of the Institute of Healthcare and adapted to the Hospital reality. Only trigger medications were used. The active search was performed using Hospital’s computerized system and when the prescription of a trigger drug was identified, the pharmacist analyzed the patient’s medical record. RESULTS: There were identified 183 patients with trigger medication prescription. Of these 14,7% presented adverse drug event and were admitted at Medical Clinic (48%). The ADEs identified were pruritus/ skin rash, coumarin poisoning/bleeding, anaphylaxis, excessive sedation, and headache. Considering the severity, 93,6% were moderate and 3,7% severe. The drugs with highest incidence of ADEs were morphine and warfarin. The best performing trigger tools were protamine and flumazenil, and the lowest performing were hydrocortisone and promethazine. CONCLUSION: Trigger tools can be used to identify adverse drug reactions. Its use in hospitals improve patients’ medication safety.
Implications of the picornavirus capsid structure for polyprotein processing. (1987)

Mature picornaviral proteins are derived by progressive, posttranslational cleavage of a precursor polyprotein. These cleavages play a role in the control of virus functions. Although the processed termini are separated by as much as 75 A in the native virus capsid, the fold and arrangement of polypeptide chains in a protomer before proteolysis are likely to be similar to that found in the mature virus. The three-dimensional structures of rhinovirus and Mengo virus suggest that the cleavage sites within the protomeric precursor are in structurally flexible regions. The final proteolytic processing event, maturation of the virion peptide VP0 (also called peptide 1AB) appears to occur by an unusual autocatalytic serine protease-type mechanism possibly involving viral RNA basic groups that would serve as proton-abstractors during the cleavage reaction.
The Performance of LSTM and BiLSTM in Forecasting Time Series (2019)

Machine and deep learning-based algorithms are the emerging approaches in addressing prediction problems in time series. These techniques have been shown to produce more accurate results than conventional regression-based modeling. It has been reported that artificial Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) with memory, such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), are superior compared to Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) with a large margin. The LSTM-based models incorporate additional “gates” for the purpose of memorizing longer sequences of input data. The major question is that whether the gates incorporated in the LSTM architecture already offers a good prediction and whether additional training of data would be necessary to further improve the prediction. Bidirectional LSTMs (BiLSTMs) enable additional training by traversing the input data twice (i.e., 1) left-to-right, and 2) right-to-left). The research question of interest is then whether BiLSTM, with additional training capability, outperforms regular unidirectional LSTM. This paper reports a behavioral analysis and comparison of BiLSTM and LSTM models. The objective is to explore to what extend additional layers of training of data would be beneficial to tune the involved parameters. The results show that additional training of data and thus BiLSTM-based modeling offers better predictions than regular LSTM-based models. More specifically, it was observed that BiLSTM models provide better predictions compared to ARIMA and LSTM models. It was also observed that BiLSTM models reach the equilibrium much slower than LSTM-based models.
Sarcopenia and Frailty in Elderly: Manifestations, Impacts on Diseases, and Management (2020)

Aging population is frequently associated with a progressive function decline. Sarcopenia and frailty are common in elderly. Sarcopenia, defined by loss of muscle mass and strength and function, is a crucial driver for frailty. Sarcopenia can result from aging process, malnutrition, inactivity, and chronic diseases. Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in frail individuals. Frailty is a geriatric syndrome connected to adverse clinical outcomes. Frailty is associated with disability or increased mortality in elderly. Sarcopenia and frailty are prevalent in various diseases such as heart failure, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and critical illness. Adequate nutritional support with higher protein ingestion in addition to exercise are crucial to improve physical performance in sarcopenic or frail elderly.
Optical properties of a metal island film close to a smooth metal surface (1993)

Bright colors have been observed when a metal island film is deposited on top of a silver mirror with a separating quartz layer. For spacer layer thicknesses that are varied from 0 to 140 nm, the visual appearance changes from blue/black to a series of brilliant spectrumlike colors. The sequence is repeated similarly for higher interlayer thicknesses. The phenomenon is analyzed in terms of a stratified medium theory by using TEM data and an electromagnetic model for the optical constants of the metal island film. For island films with a sufficiently high absorbance (> 0.35), the spectra are characterized by two sharp minima where the reflectivity drops to values below l0(-3). The observed thickness dependence is analyzed in terms of a complex combination of the phase shifts caused by the island film, the spacer, and the relevant interfaces.
Motion perception is abnormal in primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. (1990)

Several lines of evidence suggest that the large optic nerve fibers, which form the magnocellular retinocortical pathway, are preferentially susceptible to early glaucomatous damage. It is evident from studies of the functional architecture of the visual system that the magnocellular pathway underlies the global perception of motion. Therefore, we have developed a psychophysical technique for assessing motion detection thresholds in patients with ocular hypertension (OHT) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). For this purpose we employed a dynamic random dot display that contained varying degrees of a coherent motion signal embedded within a background of random motion noise. We used this technique to measure motion thresholds in POAG patients (n = 37), OHT patients (n = 14), and age-matched controls (n = 39). Motion thresholds were elevated by 70% for the POAG group and 44% for the OHT group relative to controls. In the same patients, no significant deficit in form discrimination was found as measured by Pelli-Robson charts. Our results demonstrate that significant motion perception deficits are evident in POAG and OHT. These findings support the suggestion that significant and selective damage to the magnocellular pathway occurs in OHT and POAG and indicate that motion threshold testing may reveal preclinical optic nerve disease in early POAG.
Vector network analyzer ferromagnetic resonance of thin films on coplanar waveguides: Comparison of different evaluation methods (2007)

We have carried out two-port network analyzer ferromagnetic resonance measurements on a coplanar waveguide. We present a detailed description on how to calculate from the raw measurement data a value proportional to the complex susceptibility and permittivity of the ferromagnetic material. Necessary corrections for errors due to imprecise sample placement on the waveguide and the sample dimensions are presented. Evaluated data up to 15 GHz are provided for two model samples: a 40 nm Co80Fe20 layer showing a large linewidth (≈900 MHz) and a 40 nm Co72Fe18B10 layer yielding a small linewidth (≈360 MHz). Using these experimental data the presented evaluation scheme based on all four scattering parameters is then compared to commonly used approximate evaluation schemes relying on only one S parameter. These approximate methods show close agreement for the ferromagnetic resonance frequencies (the relative error is below 1%). However, the resonance linewidths show a relative error that can reach 10% in comparison with the presented evaluation method.
Model Checking Generic Container Implementations (1998)

. Model checking techniques have been successfully applied to the verification of correctness properties of complex hardware systems and communication protocols. This success has fueled the application of these techniques to software systems. To date, those efforts have been targeted at concurrent software whose complexity lies, primarily, in the large number of possible execution orderings of asynchronously executing program actions. In this paper, we apply existing model checking techniques to parameterizable implementations of container data structures. In contrast to most of the concurrent systems that have been studied in the model checking literature, the complexity of these implementations lies in their data structures and algorithms. We report our experiences model checking specifications of correctness properties of queue, stack and priority queue data structures implemented in Ada. Keywords : Model checking, temporal logic, assume-guarantee reasoning, generic containers 1 Int...
Nanostructural and Transcriptomic Analyses of Human Saliva Derived Exosomes (2010)

Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that exosomes shuttle RNA between cells and that the RNAs present in the exosomes may be a possible resource for disease diagnostics.
The Newfoundland population: a unique resource for genetic investigation of complex diseases (2003)

The population of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador is genetically isolated. This isolation is evidenced by an overabundance of several monogenic disorders. The Newfoundland population, like that of other isolates, is now the focus of interest for identification of genes implicated in common diseases. However, the utility of such populations for this purpose remains unproven. In this paper, we review the current genetic architecture of the province, with respect to geographic isolation, homogeneity, founder effect, genetic drift and extended linkage disequilibrium. Based on these factors, we propose that the population of Newfoundland offers many advantages for genetic mapping of common diseases, compared with admixed populations, and even compared with other isolates.
A bio-inspired filtering framework for the EMG-based control of robots (2009)

There is a great effort during the last decade towards building control interfaces for robots that are based on signals measured directly from the human body. In particular electromyographic (EMG) signals from skeletal muscles have proved to be very informative regarding human motion. However, this kind of interface demands an accurate decoding technique for the translation of EMG signals to human motion. This paper presents a methodology for estimating human arm motion using EMG signals from muscles of the upper limb, using a decoding method and an additional filtering technique based on a probabilistic model for arm motion. The decoding method can estimate, in real-time, arm motion in 3-dimensional (3D) space using only EMG recordings from 11 muscles of the upper limb. Then, the probabilistic model realized through a Bayesian Network, filters the decoder's result in order to tackle the problem of the uncertainty in the motion estimates. The proposed methodology is assessed through real-time experiments in controlling a remote robot arm in random 3D movements using only EMG signals recorded from ablebodied subjects.
Integrated Approaches for Analyzing U1-70K Cleavage in Alzheimer’s Disease (2014)

The accumulation of pathologic protein fragments is common in neurodegenerative disorders. We have recently identified in Alzheimer's disease (AD) the aggregation of the U1-70K splicing factor and abnormal RNA processing. Here, we present that U1-70K can be cleaved into an N-terminal truncation (N40K) in ∼50% of AD cases, and the N40K abundance is inversely proportional to the total level of U1-70K. To map the cleavage site, we compared tryptic peptides of N40K and stable isotope labeled U1-70K by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (MS), revealing that the proteolysis site is located in a highly repetitive and hydrophilic domain of U1-70K. We then adapted Western blotting to map the cleavage site in two steps: (i) mass spectrometric analysis revealing that U1-70K and N40K share the same N-termini and contain no major modifications; (ii) matching N40K with a series of six recombinant U1-70K truncations to define the cleavage site within a small region (Arg300 ± 6 residues). Finally, N40K expression led to substantial degeneration of rat primary hippocampal neurons. In summary, we combined multiple approaches to identify the U1-70K proteolytic site and found that the N40K fragment might contribute to neuronal toxicity in Alzheimer's disease.
Biological costs and benefits to plant–microbe interactions in the rhizosphere (2005)

This review looks briefly at plants and their rhizosphere microbes, the chemical communications that exist, and the biological processes they sustain. Primarily it is the loss of carbon compounds from roots that drives the development of enhanced microbial populations in the rhizosphere when compared with the bulk soil, or that sustains specific mycorrhizal or legume associations. The benefits to the plant from this carbon loss are discussed. Overall the general rhizosphere effect could help the plant by maintaining the recycling of nutrients, through the production of hormones, helping to provide resistance to microbial diseases and to aid tolerance to toxic compounds. When plants lack essential mineral elements such as P or N, symbiotic relationships can be beneficial and promote plant growth. However, this benefit may be lost in well-fertilized (agricultural) soils where nutrients are readily available to plants and symbionts reduce growth. Since these rhizosphere associations are commonplace and offer key benefits to plants, these interactions would appear to be essential to their overall success.
Cross-border transmission of OXA-48-producing Enterobacter cloacae from Morocco to France (2011)

swabs are processed by conventional methods. Establishing the local prevalence of CO 2 -dependent MRSA is necessary to determine whether targeted screening is required.
1-D Wave Propagation Techniques in Foundation Engineering (2010)

The guided wave approach to wave propagation in cylindrical concrete piles and drilled shafts to show the limits of conventional interpretations of surface reflection methods. The solutions to the dispersion equation for both longitudinal and flexural wave propagation and their implications are presented. Theoretical results concerning propagation velocity, attenuation, and displacements are presented. The results show that relatively constant propagation velocities of longitudinal waves in sonic echo and impulse response tests are limited to relatively low frequencies as a function of the diameter of a pile or shaft. On the other hand, flexural waves are dispersive at low frequencies and only become constant at relatively high frequencies. Implications of these results are illustrated for deep foundations and bender element tests. Comparisons are made between the geometric attenuation of longitudinal and flexural stress waves in concrete piles and shafts. Additional limitations of surface reflection tests arise from the stiffness of the soil adjacent to the pile, soil stratigraphy, variability in propagation velocity, and the presence of any intervening structure between the impact and the deep foundation element.
Starbuck as 'American Amazon': Captivity narrative and the colonial imagination in <i>Battlestar Galactica</i> (2010)

The new Battlestar Galactica (2003–9) reconfigures images of the woman soldier in relation toa distinctly American colonial imagination. Battlestar Galactica rejects the popular damsel-in-distressnarrative attached to such woman soldiers as Jessica Lynch by representing womenas capable of both violence and nurturing. By placing characters such as Starbuck in captivity,however, the show also reinscribes colonial narratives about the threat posed to civilisationby males who are racially and religiously 'other'. In addition, Starbuck's transformation into asupernatural guide in the final season limits the subversive potential of the character: she isno longer a powerful human woman, but instead becomes an agent for reinforcing colonialfantasies about human development.
Distributed OSGi built over message‐oriented middleware (2011)

SUMMARY This paper describes key aspects of remote service invocation in federations of OSGi containers. It refers to the OSGi Remote Service Admin specification and describes its efficient implementation over message‐oriented middleware. Scalability problems of several different approaches to implementation are identified, and a solution in a form of innovative Remote Service Admin model extension is proposed. The extension, named On‐demand Remote Service Admin, is analyzed and validated in the context of a motivating scenario. Validation includes performance and scalability evaluation, which confirms that all assumed requirements have been satisfied by the constructed prototype. Finally, the presented research is compared with related works. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.