gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The influence of dietary threonine on growth performance and carcass characteristics of pST-treated finishing pigs (1991)

Eighty crossbred barrows (initial wt = 131 lb) were utilized to determine the dietary threonine requirement of finishing pigs injected with porcine somatotropin (PST). Barrows were injected daily in the extensor muscle of the neck with either 4 mg pST or a placebo and fed diets containing either .45, .55, .65, or .75% threonine. All other amino acids, vitamins, and minerals were calculated to be at least double current requirements for finishing pigs so as not to limit performance. Pigs were housed in an open-sided building with two pigs per pen and five replications of the eight treatments. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. When the mean weight of the two pigs per pen averaged 235 +1- 5 lb, pigs were slaughtered and carcass data collected. Porcine somatotropin-treated pigs had greater average daily gain (ADG), reduced daily feed intake (ADFI), and improved feed efficiency (F/G) compared to control pigs. A dietary threonine X pST interaction was observed for ADG. Control pigs exhibited no improvement in ADG with increasing dietary threonine. However, pST-treated pigs had a 22% increase in ADG as dietary threonine increased from .45 to .65%. Increasing dietary threonine resulted in increased ADFI, but had no effect on F/G. Average backfat thickness, tenth rib fat depth, and kidney fat were reduced by pST administration. Longissimus muscle area and trimmed ham and loin weights were greater in pST treated pigs. Dietary threonine tended to reduce average backfat thickness but had no effect on other carcass criteria measured. These results suggest that growth rate of pST-treated pigs is increased by dietary threonine level compared to control pigs. This interactive response between pST and threonine was not observed in feed efficiency or carcass criteria measured; however, there were numerical trends similar to those observed for daily gain.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1991
Supplementary Figure S1 from Cytidine Deaminase Deficiency Reveals New Therapeutic Opportunities against Cancer (2023)

<p>CDA expression levels in cancer cell lines and tissues.</p>
Investigation of AlInAs/GaInAs heterostructure-emitter-confinement bipolar transistors (1997)

In this paper, the performances of AlInAs/GaInAs heterostructure-emitter-confinement bipolar transistors including heterostructure-emitter bipolar transistors (HEBT) and superlattice-confinement bipolar transistors (SCBT) are demonstrated. Due to the elimination of the potential spike at the emitter - base junction, extremely low offset voltages of 40 and 80 mV are obtained for the studied HEBT and SCBT respectively. For the HEBT, due to the small hole diffusion length and the large neutral-emitter recombination current, a degraded current gain performance is observed. On the other hand, the SCBT exhibits a large differential current gain of 240 resulting from tunnelling injection which can reduce the spread of thermal distribution and the non-radiative recombination cross-section.
The Self-Acting, Subambient Foil Bearing in High Speed, Contact Tape Recording with a Flat Head (1998)

The mechanics and tribology of a flat head for high-speed, contact tape recording is presented. Experiments performed on a “row-bar” of thin-film disk heads where the tape is wrapped only on the edge opposite to the heads showed very stable contact for a wide range of tape speeds and very low wear. A model of the interface showed that a self-acting, subambient air bearing forms near the leading wrapped corner. This suction is caused by the expansion of air into the diverging gap on the upstream side of the head-tape interface, which is unique to this wrap geometry, and it is responsible for the stability and low contact pressures. A bidirectional version of a flat head geometry is analyzed via modeling and suggestions are made for that design. This work also showed strong evidence of a threshold of contact pressure below which wear becomes negligible.
Generation of Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus from Cloned cDNA (1998)

We developed a reverse genetics system for infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), a prototype virus of the Birnaviridae family, with the use of plus-stranded RNA transcripts derived from cloned cDNA. Full-length cDNA clones of the IPNV genome that contained the entire coding and noncoding regions of RNA segments A and B were constructed. Segment A encodes a 106-kDa precursor protein which is cleaved to yield mature VP2, nonstructural protease, and VP3 proteins, whereas segment B encodes the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase VP1. Plus-sense RNA transcripts of both segments were prepared by in vitro transcription of linearized plasmids with T7 RNA polymerase. Transfection of chinook salmon embryo (CHSE) cells with combined transcripts of segments A and B generated infectious IPNV particles 10 days posttransfection. Furthermore, a transfectant virus containing a genetically tagged sequence was generated to confirm the feasibility of this system. The presence and specificity of the recovered virus were ascertained by immunofluorescence staining of infected CHSE cells with rabbit anti-IPNV serum and by nucleotide sequence analysis. In addition, 3'-terminal sequence analysis of RNA from the recovered virus showed that extraneous nucleotides synthesized at the 3' end during in vitro transcription were precisely trimmed or excluded during replication, and hence these were not incorporated into the genome. An attempt was made to determine if RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of IPNV and infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), another birnavirus, can support virus rescue in heterologous combinations. Thus, CHSE cells were transfected with transcripts derived from IPNV segment A and IBDV segment B and Vero cells were transfected with transcripts derived from IBDV segment A and IPNV segment B. In either case, no infectious IPNV or IBDV particles were generated even after a third passage in cell culture, suggesting that viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase is species specific. However, the reverse genetics system for IPNV that we developed will greatly facilitate studies of viral replication and pathogenesis and the design of a new generation of live attenuated vaccines.
Development of Plate And Seam Welding Technology For X120 Linepipe (2004)

To provide a lower-cost option for long-distance gas transmission, X120 UOE linepipe has been developed. An interrupted direct quench (IDQ) process and boron additions were employed on a low-alloy steel to obtain a lower bainite microstructure with extremely small austenite grains. Plates of up to 20-mm thickness are possible with at least 231 J of Charpy energy at −30°C. For longitudinal seam welding, a new wire and a new flux were developed. Heat-affected zone (HAZ) softening is limited by using a low heat input welding procedure. HAZ cold cracking resistance is excellent due to the low carbon content and Pcm relative to the X120 strength level. INTRODUCTION Natural gas is an increasingly attractive energy source, but major reserves are often located far from potential markets. High operating pressures and/or thin wall pipes are a means of reducing transmission costs, but conventional steels typically lack sufficient strength to utilize those cost-saving measures. To solve these challenges, a high-strength grade of large-diameter linepipe, X120 UOE linepipe, has been developed. The major challenge associated with the development of any high-strength linepipe is to increase both strength and fracture toughness while providing adequate weldability and structural integrity in the seam weld (Fairchild, Macia, Papka, Petersen, Stevens, Barbas, Bangaru, Koo and Luton, 2002). When Nippon Steel and ExxonMobil started joint development of X120 linepipe in 1996, most linepipe produced was grade X65 or lower, and very limited amounts of X80 had been manufactured. Hence a large step in linepipe manufacturing technology was required to develop X120 from the existing technological base. As Fig. 1 shows, development of X120 required advancing plate-making, UOE-forming and seamwelding technology. This paper describes the development of plate and seam-welding technology. *ISOPE Member. Now Chiba Institute of Technology, Japan. Received August 18, 2003; revised manuscript received by the editors December 18, 2003. The original version (prior to the final revised manuscript) was presented at the ISOPE Symposium on HighPerformance Materials in Offshore Industry, the 13th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE-2003), Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, May 25–30, 2003.
Sensors for detecting pulmonary diseases from exhaled breath (2019)

This review presents and discusses a new frontier for fast, risk-free and potentially inexpensive diagnostics of respiratory diseases by detecting volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in exhaled breath. One part of the review is a didactic presentation of the overlaying concept and the chemistry of exhaled breath. The other part discusses diverse sensors that have been developed and used for the detection of respiratory diseases (<i>e.g.</i> chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, lung cancer, pulmonary arterial hypertension, tuberculosis, cystic fibrosis, obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome and pneumoconiosis) by analysis of VOCs in exhaled breath. The strengths and pitfalls are discussed and criticised, particularly in the perspective in disseminating information regarding these advances. Ideas regarding the improvement of sensors, sensor arrays, sensing devices and the further planning of workflow are also discussed.
Development of high strength Ir based tool for friction stir welding (2011)

Although several studies on the friction stir welding of high temperature materials have been reported, their practical use has been delayed when compared with soft and relatively low melting point metals such as aluminum, because there have been no tool materials suitable for welding for high temperature materials until recently. The welding tools for these materials are required to have a high performance at elevated temperatures. The purpose of this study is to strengthen iridium (Ir) with an excellent oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures and to develop a welding tool for high temperature materials. As a result, it was clarified that Ir alloys are strengthened by addition of elements with a larger atomic radius than that of Ir. Moreover, the Ir alloy with such added elements showed excellent mechanical properties and oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures. The welding tool made from this alloy was little worn even if SUS304 stainless steel was friction stir welded.
Genomic Landscape of Waldenström Macroglobulinemia and Its Impact on Treatment Strategies (2020)

Next-generation sequencing has revealed recurring somatic mutations in Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM), including <i>MYD88</i> (95%-97%), <i>CXCR4</i> (30%-40%), <i>ARID1A</i> (17%), and <i>CD79B</i> (8%-15%). Deletions involving chromosome 6q are common in patients with mutated <i>MYD88</i> and include genes that modulate NFKB, BCL2, Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK), and apoptosis. Patients with wild-type <i>MYD88</i> WM show an increased risk of transformation and death and exhibit many mutations found in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The discovery of <i>MYD88</i> and <i>CXCR4</i> mutations in WM has facilitated rational drug development, including the development of BTK and CXCR4 inhibitors. Responses to many agents commonly used to treat WM, including the BTK inhibitor ibrutinib, are affected by <i>MYD88</i> and/or <i>CXCR4</i> mutation status. The mutation status of both <i>MYD88</i> and <i>CXCR4</i> can be used for a precision-guided treatment approach to WM.
Cognitive Amplify-and-Forward Relay Networks with Switch-and-Examine Relaying in Rayleigh Fading Channels (2014)

This letter introduces cognitive channel-state-information (CSI)-assisted amplify-and-forward (AF) relay networks employing the low-complexity switch-and-examine diversity combining (SEC) relaying scheme. The scheme is based on the SEC diversity combining technique in which a relay out of multiple relays is selected to forward the source message to destination. The selection process is performed such that the end-to-end (e2e) signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the selected relay satisfies a predetermined switching threshold. In addition, the letter derives closed-form expressions for the outage probability and symbol error probability (SEP) of the proposed system. The system is also studied at high SNR values where approximate expressions for the outage probability, diversity order, and coding gain are derived. Results show that the diversity order of the studied cognitive AF relaying with SEC selection is the same as its non-cognitive counterpart.
Yellow-emitting γ-Ca_2SiO_4:Ce^3+, Li^+ phosphor for solid-state lighting: luminescent properties, electronic structure, and white light-emitting diode application (2012)

A new yellow-emitting γ-Ca2SiO4:Ce3+,Li+ phosphor was synthesized via a solid-state reaction. The phosphor showed a strong yellow emission with a wide bandwidth of 135.4 nm under blue light excitation. Absorption and photoluminescence measurements and density functional theory calculations suggest that the luminescence of the phosphor can be attributed primarily to the transitions of 5d→4f (2F(7/2) and 2F(5/2)) of Ce3+ ions occupying Ca(1) sites in the host crystal. White light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were fabricated by combining this phosphor with a blue LED, and excellent white light with a high color rendering index of 86 was created owing to the wide emission bandwidth of the phosphor.
Core reactor and method of operating same. [pebble bed reactors] (1978)

Disclosed is a core reactor and method of operating same, according to which fuel elements, preferably of ball shape, are provided with an envelope of graphite and are passed in downward direction through reflector means of graphite which is simultaneously passed through by a heat transfer means and includes a ceiling reflector, a side reflector and a bottom reflector so that the fuel elements after once passing through the reactor core have reached the desired end burn-off conditions. Within or in the vicinity of that portion of the wall of the ceiling reflector and/or of the upper portion of the wall of the side reflector there are provided neutrons absorbing substances or additional substances reducing the speed of the neutrons.
Multiple access control with intelligent bandwidth allocation for wireless ATM networks (2000)

Two major challenges pertaining to wireless asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks are the design of multiple access control (MAC), and dynamic bandwidth allocation. While the former draws more attention, the latter has been considered nontrivial and remains mostly unresolved. We propose a new intelligent multiple access control system (IMACS) which includes a versatile MAC scheme augmented with dynamic bandwidth allocation, for wireless ATM networks. IMACS supports four types of traffic-CBR, VBR, ABR, and signaling control (SCR). It aims to efficiently satisfy their diverse quality-of-service (QoS) requirements while retaining maximal network throughput. IMACS is composed of three components: multiple access controller (MACER), traffic estimator/predictor (TEP), and intelligent bandwidth allocator (IBA). MACER employs a hybrid-mode TDMA scheme, in which its contention access is based on a new dynamic-tree-splitting (DTS) collision resolution algorithm parameterized by an optimal splitting depth (SD). TEP performs periodic estimation and on-line prediction of ABR self-similar traffic characteristics based on wavelet analysis and a neural-fuzzy technique. IBA is responsible for static bandwidth allocation for CBR/VBR traffic following a closed-form formula. In cooperation with TEP, IBA governs dynamic bandwidth allocation for ABR/SCR traffic through determining the optimal SD. The optimal SDs under various traffic conditions are postulated via experimental results, and then off-line constructed using a back propagation neural network (BPNN), being used on-line by IBA. Consequently, with dynamic bandwidth allocation, IMACS offers various QoS guarantees and maximizes network throughput irrelevant to traffic variation.
Cycles to recycle (2000)

The IA-64, Intel's 64-bit instruction set architecture, exhibits a number of interesting architectural features. Here we consider those features as they relate to supporting garbage collection (GC). We aim to assist GC and compiler implementors by describing how one may exploit features of the IA-64. Along the way, we record some previously unpublished object scanning techniques, and offer novel ones for object allocation (suggesting some simple operating system support that would simplify it) and the Java “jsr problem”. We also discuss ordering of memory accesses and how the IA-64 can achieve publication safety efficiently. While our focus is not on any particular GC implementation or programming language, we draw on our experience designing and implementing GC for the Intel Java Virtual Machine for the IA-64.
1C2-3 Finger Perception-Assisting Device that Provides Signal Communication Bypass-route Between Both Fingers (2008)

We propose a new rehabilitation RT device, PARTY (Perception Assisting Robotics TechnologY) that creates a new bypass-route for perception signal communication between both fingers to enable the paralyzed to feel somatic sensation of a paralyzed finger through a non-paralyzed finger using biofeedback technology. A somatic sensation-biofeedback system enabling patient to feel MP joint angle of a paralyzed finger through the non-paralyzed finger is herein designed.
Expanding object detector's Horizon: Incremental learning framework for object detection in videos (2015)

Over the last several years it has been shown that image-based object detectors are sensitive to the training data and often fail to generalize to examples that fall outside the original training sample domain (e.g., videos). A number of domain adaptation (DA) techniques have been proposed to address this problem. DA approaches are designed to adapt a fixed complexity model to the new (e.g., video) domain. We posit that unlabeled data should not only allow adaptation, but also improve (or at least maintain) performance on the original and other domains by dynamically adjusting model complexity and parameters. We call this notion domain expansion. To this end, we develop a new scalable and accurate incremental object detection algorithm, based on several extensions of large-margin embedding (LME). Our detection model consists of an embedding space and multiple class prototypes in that embedding space, that represent object classes; distance to those prototypes allows us to reason about multi-class detection. By incrementally detecting object instances in video and adding confident detections into the model, we are able to dynamically adjust the complexity of the detector over time by instantiating new prototypes to span all domains the model has seen. We test performance of our approach by expanding an object detector trained on ImageNet to detect objects in egocentric videos of Activity Daily Living (ADL) dataset and challenging videos from YouTube Objects (YTO) dataset.
Imide Oligomers Containing Pendent and Terminal Phenylethynyl Groups—II (1998)

As part of a programme to develop high-performance/high-temperature structural resins for aeronautical applications, imide oligomers containing pendent and terminal phenylethynyl groups were prepared, characterized and the cured resins evaluated as composite matrices. The oligomers were prepared at a calculated number-average molecular weight of 5000 g mol −1 and contained 15–20 mol% pendent phenylethynyl groups. In previous work, an oligomer containing pendent and terminal phenylethynyl groups exhibited a high glass transition temperature (∼313 °C), and laminates therefrom exhibited high compressive properties, but processability, fracture toughness, microcrack resistance and damage tolerance were less than desired. In an attempt to improve these deficiencies, modifications in the oligomeric backbone involving the incorporation of 1,3-bis(3-aminophenoxy)benzene were investigated as a means of improving processability and toughness without detracting from the high glass transition temperature and high compressive properties. The amide acid oligomeric solutions were prepared in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone and were subsequently processed into imide powder, thin films, adhesive tape and carbon fibre prepreg. Neat resin plaques were fabricated from imide powder by compression moulding. The maximum processing pressure was 1.4 MPa and the cure temperature ranged from 350 to 371 °C for 1 h for the mouldings, adhesives, films and composites. The properties of the 1,3-bis(3-aminophenoxy)benzene modified cured imide oligomers containing pendent and terminal phenylethynyl groups are compared with those of previously prepared oligomers containing pendent and terminal phenylethynyl groups of similar composition and molecular weight.
A Learning-Based Framework for Error Compensation in 3D Printing (2019)

As a typical cyber-physical system, 3D printing has developed very fast in recent years. There is a strong demand for mass customization, such as printing dental crowns. However, the accuracy of the 3D printed objects is low compared with traditional methods. The main reason is that the model to be printed is arbitrary and usually the quantity is small. The deformation is affected by the shape of the object and there is a lack of a universal method for the error compensation. It is neither easy nor economical to perform the compensation manually. In this paper, we present a framework for the automatic error compensation. We obtain the shape by technologies such as 3D scanning. And we use the "3D deep learning" method to train a deep neural network. For a specific task, such as dental crown printing, the network can learn the function of deformation when a large amount of data is used for training. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first application of the deep neural network to the error compensation in 3D printing. And we propose the "inverse function network" to compensate for the error. We use four types of deformations of the dental crowns to verify the performance of the neural network: 1) translation; 2) scaling up; 3) scaling down; and 4) rotation. The convolutional AutoEncoder structure is employed for the end-to-end learning. The experiments show that the network can predict and compensate for the error well. By introducing the new method, we can improve the accuracy with little need for increasing the hardware cost.
Defect and fault tolerant scan chains (2002)

Several fault tolerant scan chain designs are proposed, including the combinational one data flow and two data flow approaches, and the counter based approach. It is shown that these designs have no critical portion, where a single defect would make the chain inoperative. The yield of these chains is evaluated to show that a long intolerant chain is a predominant yield or harvest detractor, while a tolerant chain becomes an insignificant factor to system yield or harvest.