gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Overview of key microgrid technologies (2018)

As a useful supplement and an effective utilization technique, microgrid technology has garnered considerable attention in the power industry. Despite this rapid development, microgrids continue to present technical challenges. A detailed systematic research overview of key microgrid technologies is presented from 5 aspects covering the typical structure, planning and design, operational control, protection technology, and power quality. In addition, potential beneficial prospects for these key technologies are discussed.
Evaluation of an Enhanced Bank of Kalman Filters for In-Flight Aircraft Engine Sensor Fault Diagnostics (2004)

In this paper, an approach for in-flight fault detection and isolation (FDI) of aircraft engine sensors based on a bank of Kalman filters is developed. This approach utilizes multiple Kalman filters, each of which is designed based on a specific fault hypothesis. When the propulsion system experiences a fault, only one Kalman filter with the correct hypothesis is able to maintain the nominal estimation performance. Based on this knowledge, the isolation of faults is achieved. Since the propulsion system may experience component and actuator faults as well, a sensor FDI system must be robust in terms of avoiding misclassifications of any anomalies. The proposed approach utilizes a bank of (m+1) Kalman filters where m is the number of sensors being monitored. One Kalman filter is used for the detection of component and actuator faults while each of the other m filters detects a fault in a specific sensor. With this setup, the overall robustness of the sensor FDI system to anomalies is enhanced. Moreover, numerous component fault events can be accounted for by the FDI system. The sensor FDI system is applied to a commercial aircraft engine simulation, and its performance is evaluated at multiple power settings at a cruise operating point using various fault scenarios.
Imperative programming with dependent types (2002)

The article enriches imperative programming with a form of dependent types. We start by explaining some motivations for this enrichment and mentioning some major obstacles that need to be overcome. We then present the design of a source level dependently typed imperative programming language Xanadu, forming both static and dynamic semantics and then establishing the type soundness theorem. We also present realistic examples, which have all been verified in a prototype implementation, in support of the practicality of Xanadu. We claim that the language design of Xanadu is novel and it serves as an informative example that demonstrates a means to combine imperative programming with dependent types.
Liposomal Doxorubicin and nab-Paclitaxel: Nanoparticle Cancer Chemotherapy in Current Clinical Use (2010)

Liposomal doxorubicin and nab-paclitaxel are nanoparticle formulations of traditional cancer chemotherapy drugs which have ample clinical experience both pre- and post-nanoparticle modification. The alterations in pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, efficacy, and toxicity compared with their parent compounds are instructive for future development of nanoparticle-based therapies. In this article we review the current status of these agents, emphasizing the alterations in clinical behavior resulting from the nanoparticle formulation of the parent compound.
Cognitive dysfunction in obsessive‐compulsive disorder (2000)

OCD patients have a characteristic pattern of cognitive dysfunction that differs among patients of varied severity, chronicity and symptom type. We suggest a striatofrontoparietal neural pathophysiology. OCD seems to be a heterogeneous disorder, both clinically and pathophysiologically.
Optical Fibre Technology (2012)

Normal 0 21 false false false PL X-NONE X-NONE A brief editorial overview of the papers devoted to optical fibre technology in this special edition of Photonics Letters of Poland. /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:Standardowy; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
Invisibility cloaking in a diffusive light scattering medium (2014)

In vacuum, air, and other surroundings that support ballistic light propagation according to Maxwell's equations, invisibility cloaks that are macroscopic, three-dimensional, broadband, passive, and that work for all directions and polarizations of light are not consistent with the laws of physics. We show that the situation is different for surroundings leading to multiple light scattering, according to Fick's diffusion equation. We have fabricated cylindrical and spherical invisibility cloaks made of thin shells of polydimethylsiloxane doped with melamine-resin microparticles. The shells surround a diffusively reflecting hollow core, in which arbitrary objects can be hidden. We find good cloaking performance in a water-based diffusive surrounding throughout the entire visible spectrum and for all illumination conditions and incident polarizations of light.
Control of expression of the homeotic <i>labial</i> (<i>lab</i>) locus of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>. evidence for both positive and negative autogenous regulation (1991)

The homeotic gene labial (lab) is required for proper development of the embryonic and adult head in Drosophila melanogaster. The lab gene product accumulates in a complex pattern in both embryonic and imaginal tissue. During embryogenesis, lab is expressed in the endodermally derived cells of the midgut, in ectodermally derived cells of the procephalon and dorsal ridge, and in a small subset of progenitor sensory cells. Imaginal expression is restricted to a narrow region of the peripodial membrane of the eye-antennal disc. As part of our continuing effort to understand the role of lab in development, we have begun a dissection of the regulatory elements of the lab transcription unit and used germ line transformation experiments to determine which aspects of the observed expression pattern are essential for proper head development and viability. Transgenic embryos harboring an abridged lab gene are able to overcome the embryonic lethality associated with the loss of lab function and survive to adulthood. Interestingly, in these transgenic lines the lab protein accumulates only in a subset of those embryonic cells that normally express the gene, namely the procephalon and the anterior midgut. We also find that, once initiated, lab expression is maintained by positive autoregulation. Although lab minigene activity is sufficient to rescue the embryonic lethality of lab mutations, the transgenes fail to rescue defects in the adult head capsule. However, the defects observed in this study encompass a broader domain than those seen using somatic recombination to generate lab- clonal tissue. The failed rescue and observed cuticular defects are, at least in part, explained by the observation that the transgenes, rather than failing to be expressed, are associated with ectopic accumulation of lab protein in the peripodial membrane of the antennal disc. Moreover, this aberrant expression pattern is correlated with the abnormal expression of two other homeotic genes, Deformed (Dfd) and Sex combs reduced (Scr) in the eye-antennal disc. These results are only observed when the transgene is resident in a lab- genotype and ectopic expression of lab and misregulation of Dfd and Scr are not seen in a lab+ background. This result suggests that the wild-type lab gene product is necessary for the normal regulation of the locus in the imaginal discs, but unlike the case in the embryo, the event is negative. We discuss the biological implications of these results in relation to the role of lab in development.
Characterizing comparison shopping behavior: A case study (2014)

In this work we study the behavior of users on online comparison shopping using session traces collected over one year from an Indian mobile phone comparison website: http://smartprix.com. There are two aspects to our study: data analysis and behavior prediction. The first aspect of our study, data analysis, is geared towards providing insights into user behavior that could enable vendors to offer the right kinds of products and prices, and that could help the comparison shopping engine to customize the search based on user preferences. We discover the correlation between the search queries which users write before coming on the site and their future behavior on the same. We have also studied the distribution of users based on geographic location, time of the day, day of the week, number of sessions which have a click to buy (convert), repeat users, phones/brands visited and compared. We analyze the impact of price change on the popularity of a product and how special events such as launch of a new model affect the popularity of a brand. Our analysis corroborates intuitions such as increasing price leads to decrease in popularity and vice-versa. Further, we characterize the time lag in the effect of such phenomena on popularity. We characterize the user behavior on the website in terms of sequence of transitions between multiple states (defined in terms of the kind of page being visited e.g. home, visit, compare etc.). We use KL divergence to show that a time-homogeneous Markov chain is the right model for session traces when the number of clicks varies from 5 to 30. Finally, we build a model using Markov logic that uses the history of the user's activity in a session to predict whether a user is going to click to convert in that session. Our methodology of combining data analysis with machine learning is, in our opinion, a new approach to the empirical study of such data sets.
Planning for Autonomous Operation of Unmanned Surface Vehicles (2016)

The growing variety and complexity of marine research and application oriented tasks requires unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) to operate fully autonomously over long time horizons even in environments with significant civilian traffic. The autonomous operations of the USV over long time horizons requires a path planner to compute paths over long distances in complex marine environments consisting of hundreds of islands of complex shapes. The available free space in marine environment changes over time as a result of tides, environmental restrictions, and weather. Secondly, the maximum velocity and energy consumption of the USV is significantly influenced by the fluid medium flows such as strong currents. Finally, the USV have to operate in an unfamiliar, unstructured marine environment with obstacles of variable dimensions, shapes, and motion dynamics such as other unmanned surface vehicles, civilian boats, shorelines, or docks poses numerous planning challenges. The proposed Ph.D. dissertation explores the above mentioned problems by developing computationally efficient path and trajectory planning algorithms that enables the long term autonomous operation of the USVs. We have developed a lattice-based 5D trajectory planner for the USVs operating in the environment with the congested civilian traffic. The planner estimates collision risk and reasons about the availability of contingency maneuvers to counteract unpredictable behaviors of civilian vessels. Secondly, we present a computationally efficient and optimal algorithm for long distance path planning in complex marine environments using A* search on visibility graphs defined over quad trees. Finally, we present an A* based path planning algorithm with newly developed admissible heuristics for computing energy efficient paths in environment with significant fluid flows. The effectiveness of the planning algorithms is demonstrated in the simulation environments by using systems identified dynamics model of the wave amplitude modular vessel (WAM-V) USV14.
Offline Predictive Control of Out-of-Plane Shape Deformation for Additive Manufacturing (2016)

Abstract Additive manufacturing (AM) is a promising direct manufacturing technology, and the geometric accuracy of AM built products is crucial to fulfill the promise of AM. Prediction and control of three-dimensional (3D) shape deformation, particularly out-of-plane geometric errors of AM built products, have been a challenging task. Although finite-element modeling has been extensively applied to predict 3D deformation and distortion, improving part accuracy based purely on such simulation still needs significant methodology development. We have been establishing an alternative strategy that can be predictive and transparent to specific AM processes based on a limited number of test cases. Successful results have been accomplished in our previous work to control in-plane (x–y plane) shape deformation through offline compensation. In this study, we aim to establish an offline out-of-plane shape deformation control approach based on limited trials of test shapes. We adopt a novel spatial deformation formulation in which both in-plane and out-of-plane geometric errors are placed under a consistent mathematical framework to enable 3D accuracy control. Under this new formulation of 3D shape deformation, we develop a prediction and offline compensation method to reduce out-of-plane geometric errors. Experimental validation is successfully conducted to validate the developed 3D shape accuracy control approach.
An imbalance between angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors precedes fetal death in a subset of patients: results of a longitudinal study (2010)

Fetal death is characterised by higher maternal plasma concentrations of PlGF during the first trimester compared to normal pregnancy. This profile changes into an anti-angiogenic one during the second and third trimesters.
Valproic Acid Activates Notch1 Signaling and Induces Apoptosis in Medullary Thyroid Cancer Cells (2008)

VPA activates Notch1 signaling in MTC cells and inhibits their growth by inducing apoptosis. As the safety of VPA in human beings is well established, a clinical trial using this drug to treat patients with advanced MTC could be initiated in the near future.
[Fluorometric determination of glibornuride in plasma and serum using 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole]. (1977)

Glibornuride, tolbutamide and gilbenclamide react on heating with 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1.3-diazole (NBD-chloride) in amylacetate to form a highly fluorescent NBD-amine. A fluorometric determination of glibornuride is presented. Reaction conditions and the extraction of glibornuride from plasma and serum are described. The method is sensitive to measure drug levels after therapeutic doses. The detection limit is ca. 40 ng/ml and the recovery rate is ca. 100%. The coefficients of variation for the determination of drug levels of 1 to 0.1 mug/ml range from 4.1% to 12.1%.
Surface activity and cutaneous effects of monoalkyl phosphate surfactants (1978)

Abstract Monoalkyl phosphates of high purity were synthesized and were investigated for their surface‐active properties and cutaneous effects. It has been found that these surfactants possess adequate surface‐active properties similar to those of common anionic surfactants and that they exhibit considerable safety on the skin in comparison with typical anionic surfactants used commercially.
Analyzing the effects of powder and post-processing on porosity and properties of electron beam melted Ti-6Al-4V (2017)

Metal additive manufacturing techniques such as the powder-bed systems are developing as a novel method for producing complex components. This study uses synchrotron-based X-ray microtomography to investigate porosity in electron beam melted Ti-6Al-4V in the as-built and post-processed state for two different powders. The presence of gas porosity in the starting powder was shown to correlate to porosity in the as-built components. This porosity was observed to shrink after a hot isostatic press treatment, but grow following a subsequent heat treatment. Crystal plasticity simulations were used to observe the effects of various observed pore sizes on mechanical behavior under loading.
Structure and electronic states of defects in spinel of different compositions MgO{center{underscore}dot}nAl{sub 2}O{sub 3}:Me (1999)

This paper reviews the nature of defects and optical centers of magnesium aluminate spinel. The identification of absorption and luminescence bands was used to investigate the influence of UV and electron irradiation on optical center formation. Crystals examined were nominally pure MgO-nAl{sub 2}O{sub 3} crystals with compositions in the series n = 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5. MgO{center{underscore}dot}Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} crystals doped with transition-metal ion dopants were also studied to determine the influence of impurities on the nature and concentration of lattice defects in spinel. Results strongly suggest that absorption bands at 3.78 and 4.15 eV, and luminescence bands near 5 eV, may be attributed to optical centers on antisite defects. It is also apparent that through the introduction of specific amounts of Mn and Cr ions, the concentration of optical centers (which are related to defects such as cation antisites in the spinel structure) can be considerably changed.
SHoPS: Set Homomorphic Proof of Data Possession Scheme in Cloud Storage Applications (2015)

The prospect of outsourcing an increasing amount of data to a third party and the abstract nature of the cloud promote the proliferation of security and privacy challenges, namely, the remote data possession checking. This paper addresses this security concern, while supporting the verification of several data blocks outsourced across multiple storing nodes. We propose a new set homomorphic proof of data possession, called SHoPS, supporting the verification of aggregated proofs. It proposes a deterministic Proof of Data Possession (PDP) scheme based on interactive proof protocols. Our approach has several advantages. First, it supports public verifiability where the data owner delegates the verification process to another entity, thus releasing him from the burden of periodical verifications. Second, it allows the aggregation of several proofs and the verification of a subset of data files' proofs while providing an attractive communication overhead.
A Case–Control Study of HIV Seroconversion in Health Care Workers after Percutaneous Exposure (1997)

The risk of HIV infection after percutaneous exposure increases with a larger volume of blood and, probably, a higher titer of HIV in the source patient's blood. Postexposure prophylaxis with zidovudine appears to be protective.
The N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor in Cerebral Ischemia (2009)

Excitotoxicity is a major mechanism of neuronal damage in cerebral ischemia and is mediated largely by neuronal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR). This review presents the structural and functional alterations in NMDAR after an ischemic insult, including the antagonistic roles different NMDAR sub-types play in the post-ischemic period. By elucidating these molecular changes and the effects they have on downstream cellular signaling, rational therapy can be devised in an attempt to mitigate the effects of cerebral ischemia. [N A J Med Sci. 2009;2(1):9-14.]
Materialized view selection and maintenance using multi-query optimization (2001)

Materialized views have been found to be very effective at speeding up queries, and are increasingly being supported by commercial databases and data warehouse systems. However, whereas the amount of data entering a warehouse and the number of materialized views are rapidly increasing, the time window available for maintaining materialized views is shrinking. These trends necessitate efficient techniques for the maintenance of materialized views.
Compression Bandaging: Selection and Evidence (1997)

The use of effective compression has been shown to heal venous leg ulcers<sup>1</sup> and prevent their recurrence<sup>2</sup> whereas inappropriate compression may lead to skin damage and, in extreme cases, amputation<sup>3</sup>. It is therefore important to differentiate between appropriate and inappropriate compression. Compression is palliative rather than curative, and hence needs to be worn for as long as the patient's venous disease is present: in most cases this means a lifetime. Compression should be applied only after a clinician with appropriate training has excluded the possibility of arterial disease.
Simian immunodeficiency viruses from central and western Africa: evidence for a new species-specific lentivirus in tantalus monkeys (1993)

Although up to 50% of African green monkeys (AGMs) are infected by simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIV) in their natural habitat, they remain asymptomatic carriers of these lentiviruses. They provide an attractive model to study not only the origin but also the link among genetic variation, host-virus adaptation, and pathogenicity of primate lentiviruses. SIVagm have been isolated from three species of AGM: the vervet (Cercopithecus pygerythrus), the grivet (Cercopithecus aethiops), and the sabaeus (Cercopithecus sabaeus) monkey. We studied four new SIVagm isolates from a fourth AGM species, the tantalus monkey (Cercopithecus tantalus), caught in the Central African Republic, and four new isolates from feral sabaeus monkeys from Senegal. Antigenic properties and partial env sequences were used to evaluate the diversity among these isolates. Alignment of env sequences in SIVagm isolated from tantalus and sabaeus monkeys permitted detailed mapping of the variable and conserved domains in the external glycoprotein. Genetic distances indicated that SIVagm isolates from tantalus monkeys are the most divergent among SIVagm in feral AGMs in Africa. The fact that AGMs are infected by four distinct lentiviruses, each specific for a single AGM species, supports the hypothesis of a coevolution of these viruses and their natural hosts and suggests that SIV transmission is a rare event among separated AGM species in the wild.
HELLP syndrome with antepartum pulmonary edema--a case report. (1999)

A 44-year-old pregnant female with a gestation of 29 weeks suddenly developed abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and laboratory study showed anemia, elevated liver enzymes, and lower platelets. HELLP syndrome was diagnosed and urgent delivery was needed. In order to correct the plasma volume and platelet deficiency, 6 units of both fresh frozen plasma and platelets, were given before operation. However, acute pulmonary edema was noted in the antepartum period. After vigorous treatment, she gave birth to a male infant. The postoperative course was smooth and she and her baby were discharged eleven days later. This case reminded us once again of the importance and necessity of invasive monitoring in fluid management of these patients.
Use of membranes for biogas treatment (1983)

The use of membranes for recovery of methane from digestor gas and landfill gas offers economic and technical advantages over conventional separation processes. High membrane selectivity for carbon dioxide relative to methane is the main criteria for economic advantage. 8 references, 8 figures, 1 table.