gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proactive DAD: A Fast Address-Acquisition Strategy for Mobile IPv6 Networks (2006)

The increasing number of Wi-Fi-compatible mobile devices highlights various wireless access challenges, including the need for smooth hand offs between Internet attachment points in mobile IPv6 networks. To confirm address uniqueness in a new domain, mobile nodes must run duplicate address detection (DAD), which is a time-consuming process. The Proactive DAD approach uses topology information and layer-2 signals to predict the new network domains prior to or in parallel with layer-3 hand offs. Experimental results show that P-DAD can significantly reduce both hand-off latency and packet loss
Thermal characteristics of selected EV and HEV batteries (2002)

Battery management is essential for achieving desired performance and life cycle from a particular battery pack in electric and hybrid electric vehicles (EV and HEV). The batteries must be thermally managed in addition to the electrical control. In order to design battery pack management systems, the designers need to know the thermal characteristics of modules and batteries. Thermal characteristics that are needed include heat capacity of modules, temperature distribution and heat generation from modules under various charge/discharge profiles. In the last few years, the authors have been investigating thermal management of batteries and conducting tests to obtain thermal characteristics of various EV and HEV batteries. They used a calorimeter to measure heat capacity and heat generation from batteries and infrared equipment to obtain thermal images of battery modules under load. In this paper, they present their approach for thermal characterization of batteries (heat generation, heat capacity, and thermal images) by providing selected data on valve regulated lead acid, lithium ion, and nickel zinc battery modules/cells. For each battery type, the heat generation rate depends on the initial state of charge, initial temperature, and charge/discharge profile. Thermal imaging indicated that the temperature distribution in modules/cells depends on their design.
State minimisation-based loop handling for criticalpath analysis (1996)

The authors present a new approach to the critical path analysis of digital circuits with feedback loops. The idea is to first convert a circuit with feedback loops to an equivalent minimum-sized acyclic circuit using a state-minimisation technique of sequential machines and then to perform critical path analysis. The results of experiments illustrate that the proposed method finds critical paths correctly and efficiently in the presence of feedback loops.
Devitrification and Cooling Rate Effects on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in Fe<sub>57</sub>C<sub>9</sub>B<sub>11</sub>Mo<sub>12</sub>Cr<sub>8</sub>W<sub>3</sub> Bulk Metallic Glass (2008)

The crystallization behavior of Fe57C9B11Mo12Cr8W3 has been investigated. The nucleating phases were identified through precise heat treatments starting from a fully amorphous Fe57C9B11Mo12Cr8W3 precursor. The effect of cooling rate variation on microstructure and mechanical hardness was also investigated. The nucleating phases are identical whether the alloy is devitrified from the amorphous state, or cooled slowly from the molten state. X-ray diffractometry, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to understand the relationship between phase formation, microstructure, and mechanical hardness.
Antitumor effects of pharmacological EZH2 inhibition on malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor through the miR-30a and KPNB1 pathway (2015)

These findings demonstrated that DZNep, an inhibitor of S-adenosyl-methionine-dependent methyltransferase, suppressed EZH2/miR-30a,d/KPNB1 signaling and blocked MPNST tumor cell growth and survival in vitro and in vivo. More importantly, our study indicated that pharmacological interference of EZH2 is a potential therapeutic approach for MPNST.
Phase identification in a scanning electron microscope using backscattered electron Kikuchi patterns (1996)

Backscattered electron Kikuchi patterns (BEKP) suitable for crystallographic phase analysis can be collected in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) with a newly developed charge coupled device (CCD) based detector. Crystallographic phase identification using BEKP in the SEM is unique in that it permits high magnification images and BEKPs to be collected from a bulk specimen. The combination of scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging, BEKP, and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry holds the promise of a powerful new tool for materials science.
High performance 1.3 μm InGaAsN:Sb/GaAs quantum well lasers grown by molecular beam epitaxy (2000)

1.3 μm InGaAsN:Sb/GaAs quantum well laser diodes (LDs) have been grown by solid source molecular beam epitaxy using Sb as a surfactant. A record low threshold of 1.02 kA/cm2 was achieved for broad area laser diodes under pulsed operation at room temperature. Performance of single quantum well (SQW) and multiple quantum well (MQW) InGaAsN:Sb LDs are compared. While the room temperature threshold and slope efficiency of MQW LDs remain almost the same as those of SQW LDs, the high temperature characteristics of MQW LDs are greatly improved. A record high operating temperature of 105 °C and a high characteristic temperature (T0) of 92 K below 75 °C are achieved for the InGaAsN:Sb/GaAs MQW LD.
Dyadic Behavior Analysis in Depression Severity Assessment Interviews (2014)

Previous literature suggests that depression impacts vocal timing of both participants and clinical interviewers but is mixed with respect to acoustic features. To investigate further, 57 middle-aged adults (men and women) with Major Depression Disorder and their clinical interviewers (all women) were studied. Participants were interviewed for depression severity on up to four occasions over a 21 week period using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD), which is a criterion measure for depression severity in clinical trials. Acoustic features were extracted for both participants and interviewers using COVAREP Toolbox. Missing data occurred due to missed appointments, technical problems, or insufficient vocal samples. Data from 36 participants and their interviewers met criteria and were included for analysis to compare between high and low depression severity. Acoustic features for participants varied between men and women as expected, and failed to vary with depression severity for participants. For interviewers, acoustic characteristics strongly varied with severity of the interviewee's depression. Accommodation - the tendency of interactants to adapt their communicative behavior to each other - between interviewers and interviewees was inversely related to depression severity. These findings suggest that interviewers modify their acoustic features in response to depression severity, and depression severity strongly impacts interpersonal accommodation.
A user-tracing architecture for modeling interaction with the world wide web (2002)

We have developed a methodology for studying and analyzing the psychology of users performing ecologically valid WWW tasks. A user trace is a record of all significant states and events in the user-WWW interaction based on eye tracking data, application-level logs, and think-aloud protocols. A user-tracing architecture has been implemented for developing simulation models of user-WWW interaction and for comparing a simulation model (SNIF-ACT) against user-trace data. The user tracing architecture compares each action of the SNIF-ACT simulation directly against observed user actions. The model and architecture have been used to successfully match detailed user trace data from four users working on two tasks each.
Management of Immune-Related Adverse Events in Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline (2018)

Purpose To increase awareness, outline strategies, and offer guidance on the recommended management of immune-related adverse events in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICPi) therapy. Methods A multidisciplinary, multi-organizational panel of experts in medical oncology, dermatology, gastroenterology, rheumatology, pulmonology, endocrinology, urology, neurology, hematology, emergency medicine, nursing, trialist, and advocacy was convened to develop the clinical practice guideline. Guideline development involved a systematic review of the literature and an informal consensus process. The systematic review focused on guidelines, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, and case series published from 2000 through 2017. Results The systematic review identified 204 eligible publications. Much of the evidence consisted of systematic reviews of observational data, consensus guidelines, case series, and case reports. Due to the paucity of high-quality evidence on management of immune-related adverse events, recommendations are based on expert consensus. Recommendations Recommendations for specific organ system-based toxicity diagnosis and management are presented. While management varies according to organ system affected, in general, ICPi therapy should be continued with close monitoring for grade 1 toxicities, with the exception of some neurologic, hematologic, and cardiac toxicities. ICPi therapy may be suspended for most grade 2 toxicities, with consideration of resuming when symptoms revert to grade 1 or less. Corticosteroids may be administered. Grade 3 toxicities generally warrant suspension of ICPis and the initiation of high-dose corticosteroids (prednisone 1 to 2 mg/kg/d or methylprednisolone 1 to 2 mg/kg/d). Corticosteroids should be tapered over the course of at least 4 to 6 weeks. Some refractory cases may require infliximab or other immunosuppressive therapy. In general, permanent discontinuation of ICPis is recommended with grade 4 toxicities, with the exception of endocrinopathies that have been controlled by hormone replacement. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/supportive-care-guidelines and www.asco.org/guidelineswiki .
The Effect of Midday Moderate-Intensity Exercise on Postexercise Hypoglycemia Risk in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes (2013)

The pattern of glucose requirements to maintain euglycemia in response to moderate-intensity exercise performed at midday suggests that the risk of exercise-mediated hypoglycemia increases during and for several hours after moderate-intensity exercise, with no evidence of a biphasic pattern of postexercise risk of hypoglycemia.
The critical contribution of TGF‐β to the induction of Foxp3 expression and regulatory T cell function (2008)

Stimulation of mouse CD4+ T cells in the presence of TGF-beta results in the expression of Foxp3 and induction of Treg function. Stimulation of human CD4+ T cells under similar conditions results in the expression of Foxp3, but the cells lack regulatory cell function. TGF-beta expressed on the surface of Treg also induces Foxp3 expression and Treg function in responder cells. Both of these mechanisms may play a role in vivo in the induction of antigen-specific extra-thymic Treg.
Controlled Three-Dimensional Hierarchical Structuring by Memory-Based, Sequential Wrinkling (2015)

This paper describes how a memory-based, sequential wrinkling process can transform flat polystyrene sheets into multiscale, three-dimensional hierarchical textures. Multiple cycles of plasma-mediated skin growth followed by directional strain relief of the substrate resulted in hierarchical architectures with characteristic generational (G) features. Independent control over wrinkle wavelength and wrinkle orientation for each G was achieved by tuning plasma treatment time and strain-relief direction for each cycle. Lotus-type superhydrophobicity was demonstrated on three-dimensional G1-G2-G3 hierarchical wrinkles as well as tunable superhydrophilicity on these same substrates after oxygen plasma. This materials system provides a general approach for nanomanufacturing based on bottom-up sequential wrinkling that will benefit a diverse range of applications and especially those that require large area (>cm(2)), multiscale, three-dimensional patterns.
Current-induced domain wall motion in nanoscale ferromagnetic elements (2011)

We review the details of domain wall (DW) propagation due to spin-polarized currents that could potentially be used in magnetic data storage devices based on domains and DWs. We discuss briefly the basics of the underlying spin torque effect and show how the two torques arising from the interaction between the spin-polarized charge carriers and the magnetization lead to complex dynamics of a spin texture such as a DW. By direct imaging we show how confined DWs in nanowires can be displaced using currents in in-plane soft-magnetic materials, and that when using short pulses, fast velocities can be attained. For high-anisotropy out-of-plane magnetized wires with narrow DWs we present approaches to deducing the torque terms and show that in these materials potentially more efficient domain wall motion could be achieved.
Frequency-Domain Blind Equalization for Long-Haul Coherent Pol-Mux 16-QAM System With CD Prediction and Dual-Mode Adaptive Algorithm (2012)

The combination of polarization-multiplexing (pol-mux) high-order quadrature-amplitude-modulation (QAM) format and non-data-aided (NDA) channel equalization largely enhances the spectral efficiency of the coherent optical systems. In this paper, we present a two-stage frequency-domain equalization method for long-haul coherent pol-mux NDA system with 16-QAM modulation format. Chromatic dispersion (CD) is blindly estimated and compensated in the first stage of the equalizer, while multimodulus-algorithm-assisted decision-directed multimodulus algorithm (MMA-DDMA) is designed for the second stage to further enhance the equalization performance. The proposed algorithms are experimentally demonstrated in a 80-Gb/s coherent 16-QAM system over 800-km fiber transmission and 30-ps mean differential group delay to achieve wide-range precise CD estimation and better equalization performance compared with conventional adaptive algorithms.
Molecular cloning of the transmembrane component of the 13762 mammary adenocarcinoma sialomucin complex. A new member of the epidermal growth factor superfamily. (1992)

Ascites sublines of the 13762 rat mammary adenocarcinoma have a cell surface sialomucin complex composed of the sialomucin ascites sialoglycoprotein-1 (ASGP-1) and the membrane-associated glycoprotein ASGP-2. The sialomucin complex is synthesized as a high M(r) precursor, pre-sialomucin complex (pSMC-1). To characterize the structure of the membrane-associated component of this complex, a lambda gt11 cDNA expression library was constructed using mRNA from 13762 rat mammary adenocarcinoma cells and screened with polyclonal antibody against ASGP-2. The strongest antibody-binding clone, designated lambda ASGP2.9-1, had a 1.3-kilobase (kb) insert, and hybridized to a 9-kb transcript in 13762 cell mRNA. The large size of this transcript was expected, since the estimated molecular mass of pSMC-1 is greater than 250 kDa. To obtain the full sequence of ASGP-2, a longer cDNA (5.4 kb), designated pASGP1/2.1, was subsequently cloned by screening a plasmid library with an oligonucleotide complementary to the 5' end of the phage insert. The amino acid sequence derived from nucleotide sequence of pASGP1/2.1 showed a 12-amino acid identity with amino acid sequence obtained from the NH2 terminus of ASGP-2, indicating the entire ASGP-2 coding region was included in the cDNA. Furthermore, an 18-amino acid identity with the NH2 terminus of a 6-kDa CNBr fragment of ASGP-2 was also observed in the cDNA sequence. The polypeptide contains several distinct domains, including a hydrophobic transmembrane domain, a short (20 residue) COOH-terminal cytoplasmic tail, and a large extracellular domain with 24 potential N-glycosylation sites. These properties correspond to features of ASGP-2 and pSMC-1 predicted by previous biochemical studies. Most interestingly, the extracellular domain contains two cysteine-rich sequences, each of which has a segment with strong similarities to proteins with epidermal growth factor activity. Since our recent studies show that ASGP-2 can modulate epidermal growth factor receptor phosphorylation activity, these results provide structural evidence to support the role of the heterodimeric sialomucin complex as a bifunctional modulator of cellular interactions and cell proliferation.
Visibility of dichalcogenide nanolayers (2011)

Dichalcogenides with the common formula MX(2) are layered materials with electrical properties that range from semiconducting to superconducting. Here, we describe optimal imaging conditions for the optical detection of ultrathin, two-dimensional dichalcogenide nanocrystals containing single, double and triple layers of MoS(2), WSe(2) and NbSe(2). A simple optical model is used to calculate the contrast for nanolayers deposited on wafers with varying thicknesses of SiO(2). The model is extended for imaging using the green channel of a video camera. Using AFM and optical imaging we confirm that single layers of MoS(2) and WSe(2) can be detected on 90 and 270 nm SiO(2) using optical means. By measuring contrast under broadband green illumination we are also able to distinguish between nanostructures containing single, double and triple layers of MoS(2) and WSe(2.) We observe and discuss discrepancies in the case of NbSe(2).
E280A PS-1 mutation causes Alzheimer's disease but age of onset is not modified by ApoE alleles (1997)

A single base substitution of a glutamic acid to an alanine codon 280 was found in the presenilin-1 (PS-1) gene on chromosome 14 in affected individuals in each of seven Colombian early-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) kindreds. The mutation segregated with disease in kindreds tested. In the largest kindred (C2), the maximum two-point lod score between the mutation and AD was Z = 8.14 at theta = 0. The presence of a single mutation and the common geographic origin, with all families from the state of Antioquia, suggest a founder effect in this population. This finding is supported by the observation of a rare haplotype inherited with AD in all kindreds. These kindreds form the largest collection of AD cases with the same PS-1 mutation and the same educational, environmental, and ethnic background in which to study the phenotypic effect of putative risk factors, such as the epsilon4 allele of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) or head trauma. Of the few AD cases having a history of head trauma, the age of onset was not lowered. No effect of ApoE genotype on the age of onset was detected. Previous investigations of the effect of ApoE genotype on the age of onset were confounded by small patient numbers, familial clustering of ApoE genotypes, and combining data from unrelated families with different mutations.
Biometal Derivatives as Catalysts for the Ring-Opening Polymerization of Trimethylene Carbonate. Optimization of the Ca(II) Salen Catalyst System (2006)

Schiff base derivatives of the biometals (Zn, Mg, Ca) in the presence of anion initiators have been shown to be very effective catalysts for the ring-opening polymerization of trimethylene carbonate (TMC or 1,3-dioxan-2-one) to poly(TMC) devoid of oxetane linkages. The order of catalytic activity as a function of metal was found to be Ca(II) ≫ Mg(II) > Zn(II). Optimization of the calcium system was achieved utilizing a salen ligand with tert-butyl substituents in the 3,5-positions of the phenolate rings and an ethylene backbone for the diimine along with an azide ion initiator. These conditions led to a TOF of 1286 h-1 for a melt polymerization carried out at 86 °C. Solution studies in tetrachloroethane demonstrated the polymerization reaction to proceed via a mechanism first order in [monomer], [(salen)Ca], and [anion initiator] and to involve TMC ring-opening by way of acyl−oxygen bond cleavage. The activation parameters were determined to be ΔH⧧ = 20.1 kJ/mol and ΔS⧧ = −128 J/(mol K).
Thermoinitiated cationic polymerization of epoxy resins by sulfonium salts (1986)

Abstract Catalytic activities of benzyl sulfonium salts with nonnucleophilic anions (BF 4 − ,PF 6 − ,AsF 6 − ,SbF 6 − ) for epoxy polymerization were examined. The order of reactivities correlated well with nonnucleophilicity of anions. Epoxy resins catalyzed by these salts are characterized by longer shelf‐life and shorter gel time at high temperature. Some physical properties of cured product were compared with those cured by a commonly used BF 3 amine complex.
Effect of training algorithms on performance of a developed automatic modulation classification using artificial neural network (2013)

As classification has become one of the active areas of applications for artificial neural networks, the major objective of this paper was to verify the impact of training algorithms on classifiers developed using an artificial neural network. This paper presents an algorithm for classifying eight digitally modulated signals using a feature-based approach and a pattern recognition method. The developed automatic modulation classification was trained using two training algorithms often used for supervised neural networks. The performance of the developed automatic modulation classification classifier was evaluated and compared using the two training algorithms. The overall performance evaluation of the classifier using the two training algorithms shows that the developed classifier could successfully classify the eight modulated schemes considered with an average success rate above 97.0% irrespective of the signal-to-noise value. The results of the study also show that training algorithms have an impact on the performance of an artificial neural network classifier. In addition, the result of the comparative analysis carried out between the classifier reported in this paper and the one in surveyed literature shows that the signal recognition rate of this classifier is accurate and reliable.
Mitigating Loss Circulation And Differential Sticking Problems Using Silicon Nanoparticles (2011)

Abstract The most frequently encountered problems while drilling an oil or natural gas well are lost circulation; the uncontrolled flow of drilling fluids into a downhole formation and differential sticking; condition whereby the drill string cannot be moved along the axis of the wellbore. These problems in turn augment the non-productive time (NPT) causing substantial financial loss. These harms occur generally in the vicinity of porous & permeable zones. The proposed method incorporates using Silicon nanoparticles in drilling mud composition to decrease the mud cake thickness. The advantage of Silicon nanoparticles is that, there is formation of more continuous and integrated mud cake. Hence, by having an integrated (having low permeability and low porosity) mud cake, there is less volume of filtrate entering the formation and therefore mud cake thickness is less than in normal cases. The consistent particle size distribution provides better compaction medium with constrained flow of liquid from the drilling fluid. Furthermore, a thinner mud cake reduces the probability of stuck pipe. The addition of Silicon nanoparticles does not have much effect on the drilling fluid viscosity and other properties. Silicon nanoparticles have thermal stability upto 2500 degree Fahrenheit. Moreover, the use of Silicon nanoparticles does not have side effects on the environment. These nanoparticles are generally immediately available in the required volumes. These require simple application techniques, consequently providing an appropriate solution to problems like stuck pipe and loss circulation while drilling. This technique will provide novel insight in the reduction of problems faced while drilling (both vertical and deviated) wells and help in countering those problems in a more efficient and environment friendly manner.