gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Single-Dose Immunization with Virus Replicon Particles Confers Rapid Robust Protection against Rift Valley Fever Virus Challenge (2012)

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) causes outbreaks of severe disease in people and livestock throughout Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. The potential for RVFV introduction outside the area of endemicity highlights the need for fast-acting, safe, and efficacious vaccines. Here, we demonstrate a robust system for the reverse genetics generation of a RVF virus replicon particle (VRP(RVF)) vaccine candidate. Using a mouse model, we show that VRP(RVF) immunization provides the optimal balance of safety and single-dose robust efficacy. VRP(RVF) can actively synthesize viral RNA and proteins but lacks structural glycoprotein genes, preventing spread within immunized individuals and reducing the risk of vaccine-induced pathogenicity. VRP(RVF) proved to be completely safe following intracranial inoculation of suckling mice, a stringent test of vaccine safety. Single-dose subcutaneous immunization with VRP(RVF), although it is highly attenuated, completely protected mice against a virulent RVFV challenge dose which was 100,000-fold greater than the 50% lethal dose (LD(50)). Robust protection from lethal challenge was observed by 24 h postvaccination, with 100% protection induced in as little as 96 h. We show that a single subcutaneous VRP(RVF) immunization initiated a systemic antiviral state followed by an enhanced adaptive response. These data contrast sharply with the much-reduced survivability and immune responses observed among animals immunized with nonreplicating viral particles, indicating that replication, even if confined to the initially infected cells, contributes substantially to protective efficacy at early and late time points postimmunization. These data demonstrate that replicon vaccines successfully bridge the gap between safety and efficacy and provide insights into the kinetics of antiviral protection from RVFV infection.
Ultrasonic spectrum analysis using frequency-tracked gated rf pulses (1980)

A new method of ultrasonic frequency analysis is introduced which employs frequency-tracked gated rf drive pulses rather than shock-excited broadband spikes to generate the ultrasonic waveform. The new technique, a variation of the sampled-continuous wave technique, eliminates problems associated with finite pulse widths of conventional methods. It is shown to yield correct ultrasonic wave velocity measurements of the sample irrespective of receiver gate width or position provided any portions of two successive echoes are gated simultaneously into the spectrum analyzer. The experimental observations are substantiated by a theoretical model based on the time-frequency domain formulation of ultrasonic frequency analysis.
Isolation and Characterization of the MSP1 Genes from Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale (2010)

The merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1) is the principal surface antigen of the blood stage form of the Plasmodium parasite. Antibodies recognizing MSP1 are frequently detected following Plasmodium infection, making this protein a significant component of malaria vaccines and diagnostic tests. Although the MSP1 gene sequence has been reported for Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, this gene has not been identified for the other two major human-infectious species, Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale. MSP1 genes from these two species were isolated from Cameroon blood donor samples. The genes are similar in size to known MSP1 genes and encode proteins with interspecies conserved domains homologous to those identified in other Plasmodium species. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis of all available Plasmodium MSP1 amino acid sequences clearly shows that the Po and Pm MSP1 sequences are truly unique within the Plasmodium genus and not simply Pf or Pv variants.
A CMOS Down-Conversion MICROMIXER for IEEE 802.11b WLAN Transceivers (2006)

A CMOS down-conversion micromixer for IEEE 802.11b WLAN transceivers is presented. The micromixer is a class-AB single-ended input double balanced mixer with on-chip bias loop. The operating principle of the CMOS micromixer is quantitively discussed and some design insights are given out. The mixer has been implemented in 0.18/spl mu/m CMOS process. The measured results show that the mixer achieves 1.5dB conversion gain, 12.2dB SSB NF, -1.5dBm input P1dB, 4dBm IIP3 with -16dB S11 (2.45GHz RF, 280MHz IF). The mixer draws 5.7mA current from a power supply of 1.8V.
A silent agonist of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors modulates inflammation ex vivo and attenuates EAE (2019)

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are best known to function as ligand-gated ion channels in the nervous system. However, recent evidence suggests that nicotine modulates inflammation by desensitizing non-neuronal nAChRs, rather than by inducing channel opening. Silent agonists are molecules that selectively induce the desensitized state of nAChRs while producing little or no channel opening. A silent agonist of α7 nAChRs has recently been shown to reduce inflammation in an animal model of inflammatory pain. The objective of this study was to determine whether a silent agonist of α7 nAChRs can also effectively modulate inflammation and disease manifestation in an animal model of multiple sclerosis. We first evaluated the effects of various nAChR ligands and of an α7 nAChR-selective silent agonist, 1-ethyl-4-(3-(bromo)phenyl)piperazine (m-bromo PEP), on the modulation of mouse bone marrow-derived monocyte/macrophage (BMDM) numbers, phenotype and cytokine production. The non-competitive antagonist mecamylamine and the silent agonist m-bromo PEP reduced pro-inflammatory BMDM numbers by affecting their viability and proliferation. Both molecules also significantly reduced cytokine production by mouse BMDMs and significantly ameliorated disease in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Finally, m-bromo PEP also reduced chronic inflammatory pain in mice. Taken together, our results further support the hypothesis that nAChRs may modulate inflammation via receptor desensitization rather than channel opening. α7 nAChR-selective silent agonists may thus be a novel source of anti-inflammatory compounds that could be used for the treatment of inflammatory disorders.
Making optimal use of the asymmetric interference channel (2011)

The asymmetric interference channel is an appropriate model for many realistic scenarios, especially those arising more frequently as dynamic spectrum access (DSA) becomes more prevalent. As DSA nodes evolve to become more cognitive (e.g. self aware, environment aware, and adaptive), the prevailing white space seeking and gray space adapting policies leave a significant portion of the spectrum, namely, the black space, untapped [10]. This paper offers a throughput versus SINR result and corresponding technique for jointly choosing the transmission rate and multiuser detection algorithm that allows computationally constrained cognitive DSA nodes high rate operation in spectrum black space. In addition, this paper derives an information theoretic motivated policy for seemingly insignificant waveform design choices that greatly enhance the throughput of a secondary sender-receiver pair while fulfilling a given complexity requirement within the secondary node's receiver. This paper shows typical throughput improvements of 10 to 50 times when using this technique over the traditional approach to maintaining a disadvantaged link within an asymmetric interference channel.
Metal oxides of molybdenum of molybdenum or molybdenum and tungsten (1988)

A method for preparing a composition of matter comprising ..beta..-Mo/sub 1-chi/W/sub chi/O/sub 3/, wherein 0less than or equal tochi<1.0, comprising spray-drying a solution of molybdic acid or molybdic and tungstic acids in appropriate concentrations and heating the resulting powder at a temperature of from about 275/sup 0/C to about 450/sup 0/C.
Finite-Length Analysis of Caching-Aided Coded Multicasting (2016)

We study a noiseless broadcast link serving K users whose requests arise from a library of N files. Every user is equipped with a cache of size M files each. It has been shown that by splitting all the files into packets and placing individual packets in a random independent manner across all the caches prior to any transmission, at most N/M file transmissions are required for any set of demands from the library. The achievable delivery scheme involves linearly combining packets of different files following a greedy clique cover solution to the underlying index coding problem. This remarkable multiplicative gain of random placement and coded delivery has been established in the asymptotic regime when the number of packets per file F scales to infinity. The asymptotic coding gain obtained is roughly t = K M/N. In this paper, we initiate the finite-length analysis of random caching schemes when the number of packets F is a function of the system parameters M, N, and K. Specifically, we show that the existing random placement and clique cover delivery schemes that achieve optimality in the asymptotic regime can have at most a multiplicative gain of 2 even if the number of packets is exponential in the asymptotic gain t = K(M/N). Furthermore, for any clique cover-based coded delivery and a large class of random placement schemes that include the existing ones, we show that the number of packets required to get a multiplicative gain of (4/3)g is at least O((g/K)(N/M) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g-1</sup> ). We design a new random placement and an efficient clique cover-based delivery scheme that achieves this lower bound approximately. We also provide tight concentration results that show that the average (over the random placement involved) number of transmissions concentrates very well requiring only a polynomial number of packets in the rest of the system parameters.
Method and apparatus for acoustically measuring the transverse dimensions of a borehole (1991)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Bronislaw Seeman, Georges L. F. Benoit; Method and apparatus for acoustically measuring the transverse dimensions of a borehole. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 January 1991; 89 (1): 488. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.400420 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Triple-acting Lytic Enzyme Treatment of Drug-Resistant and Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus (2016)

Abstract Multi-drug resistant bacteria are a persistent problem in modern health care, food safety and animal health. There is a need for new antimicrobials to replace over used conventional antibiotics. Here we describe engineered triple-acting staphylolytic peptidoglycan hydrolases wherein three unique antimicrobial activities from two parental proteins are combined into a single fusion protein. This effectively reduces the incidence of resistant strain development. The fusion protein reduced colonization by Staphylococcus aureus in a rat nasal colonization model, surpassing the efficacy of either parental protein. Modification of a triple-acting lytic construct with a protein transduction domain significantly enhanced both biofilm eradication and the ability to kill intracellular S. aureus as demonstrated in cultured mammary epithelial cells and in a mouse model of staphylococcal mastitis. Interestingly, the protein transduction domain was not necessary for reducing the intracellular pathogens in cultured osteoblasts or in two mouse models of osteomyelitis, highlighting the vagaries of exactly how protein transduction domains facilitate protein uptake. Bacterial cell wall degrading enzyme antimicrobials can be engineered to enhance their value as potent therapeutics.
Detection of traffic anomalies using fuzzy logic based techniques (2002)

Traffic incident detection involves both the collection and analysis of traffic data. The paper discusses the development of a novel time-indexed traffic anomaly detection algorithm. A unique partition of time into the "type of day", and "time of day" is performed. Using this partition, a novel fuzzy neuromorphic unsupervised learning algorithm is used to calibrate the "normal" and "abnormal" for each descriptor. Fuzzy composition techniques are used, on a per lane basis, to fuse multiple traffic descriptors in order to determine membership in "normal" or "abnormal" lane status. Then, each lane status is fused to determine an over all road segment status. Initial training of the algorithm takes place during the first few weeks after the sensor is installed. Online background training continues thereafter to continually tune and track seasonal changes.
GWAS Replication Study Confirms the Association of <i>PDE3A–SLCO1C1</i> with anti-TNF Therapy Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis (2013)

The present findings establish the PDE3A-SLCO1C1 locus as a strong genetic marker of anti-TNF therapy response.
Extracellular Matrix Promotes Highly Efficient Cardiac Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells (2012)

Dynamic extracellular matrix application promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition of human PSCs and complemented growth factor signaling to enable robust cardiac differentiation.
Efficacy of olanzapine: an overview of pivotal clinical trials. (1997)

Olanzapine is a new "atypical" antipsychotic agent that belongs chemically to the thienobenzodiazepine class. Its relatively greater binding affinity for 5-HT2 compared to D2 receptors makes it similar to the atypical agent clozapine, a serotonin/dopamine antagonist. Four double-blind pivotal studies, which compare olanzapine to placebo and/or haloperidol, are presented. The results suggest that olanzapine is as effective as haloperidol for positive symptoms and more effective than haloperidol for the treatment of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
Incorporating geometric detector properties into three-dimensional optoacoustic tomography (2013)

The discrepancy between optoacoustic reconstruction algorithms assuming point-like and realistic finite-size transducers causes severe artifacts. Two model-based algorithms accounting for finite-size of cylindrically focused detectors are presented and its performance tested in simulations and experiments.
Bioavailability of Potassium and Magnesium, and Citraturic Response from Potassium-Magnesium Citrate (1991)

The bioavailability of potassium and magnesium, and the citraturic response were determined for the new compound, potassium-magnesium citrate, in 14 normal volunteers. Results were compared to those of potassium citrate and magnesium citrate. Each subject participated in 4 phases of study: potassium-magnesium citrate, potassium citrate, magnesium citrate and potassium chloride. After stabilization on a metabolic diet, each subject ingested a single load of a test medication followed by timed urine collections for the next 24 hours. Test loads included potassium-magnesium citrate (49 mEq. potassium, 24.5 mEq. magnesium and 73.5 mEq. citrate), potassium citrate (50 mEq.), potassium chloride (50 mEq.) and magnesium citrate (25 mEq.) Urinary potassium, magnesium and citrate were measured for each collection period. Potassium-magnesium citrate provided an equivalent potassium bioavailability as potassium citrate and potassium chloride, and a comparable magnesium bioavailability as magnesium citrate. However, it gave the highest citraturic response, since the cumulative increment in urinary citrate post-load was 129 mg. daily for potassium-magnesium citrate, 105 mg. daily for potassium citrate and 35 mg. daily for magnesium citrate. Thus, potassium-magnesium citrate gave an optimum citraturic response in addition to providing absorbable potassium and magnesium.
Prior image constrained compressed sensing (PICCS) (2008)

It has been known for a long time that, in order to reconstruct a streak-free image in tomography, the sampling of view angles should satisfy the Shannon/Nyquist criterion. When the number of view angles is less than the Shannon/Nyquist limit, view aliasing artifacts appear in the reconstructed images. Most recently, it was demonstrated that it is possible to accurately reconstruct a sparse image using highly undersampled projections provided that the samples are distributed at random. The image reconstruction is carried out via an ℓ(1) norm minimization procedure. This new method is generally referred to as compressed sensing (CS) in literature. Specifically, for an N × N image with S significant image pixels, the number of samples for an accurate reconstruction of the image is O(S ln N). In medical imaging, some prior images may be reconstructed from a different scan or from the same acquired time-resolved data set. In this case, a new image reconstruction method, Prior Image Constrained Compressed Sensing (PICCS), has been recently developed to reconstruct images using a vastly undersampled data set. In this paper, we introduce the PICCS algorithm and demonstrate how to use this new algorithm to solve problems in medical imaging.
Abstract B017: A soluble form of CD80 inhibits PD-L1 immune suppression and stimulates T cells through CD28-specific pathways indicating potential for increased therapeutic activity over checkpoint inhibition alone (2016)

Abstract Antibodies that block the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have demonstrated therapeutic success against several cancer types, but do not induce a response in the majority of patients. The development of treatments that provide activation signals to T cells by targeting co-stimulatory receptors, in addition to checkpoint inhibition, may increase anti-tumor immunity and the percent of responding patients. CD80/B7-1 is a co-stimulatory molecule that also interacts with PD-L1. CD80 is expressed by antigen presenting cells and ligates to CD28 providing co-stimulation during T cell activation. Furthermore, PD-L1 interacts with T cell CD80 in a reverse signaling pathway that promotes T cell anergy. The ability of CD80 to block inhibitory and promote stimulatory signaling pathways in T cell activation suggests potential therapeutic value. We have shown that soluble CD80 fused to the Fc region of IgG (CD80-Fc) blocks PD-1/PD-L1 interactions thus restoring activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Moreover, CD80-Fc was more effective in vitro than PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies at restoring T cell activation, which suggests that CD80-Fc may be stimulating CD28 in addition to blocking PD-1/PD-L1 signaling. Stimulation of T cell CD28 in the absence of other signals induces downstream transcription, and signaling pathway activation. In fact, agonist CD28 antibody can induce functions in T cells in both naïve and activated cells, even in the absence of TCR activation. We now demonstrate that CD80-Fc does indeed stimulate T cells via CD28 activation by demonstrating comparable downstream results of CD80-Fc and agonist CD28 antibody treatment of both human and mouse T cells. Therefore, CD80-Fc may provide a novel therapeutic approach to target T cell checkpoint inhibition in addition to providing stimulatory signaling to improve T cell activation and anti-tumor immunity. Citation Format: Tiha M. Long, Suzanne Ostrand-Rosenberg. A soluble form of CD80 inhibits PD-L1 immune suppression and stimulates T cells through CD28-specific pathways indicating potential for increased therapeutic activity over checkpoint inhibition alone. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR Inaugural International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; September 16-19, 2015; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2016;4(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B017.
Stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation: analysis of the misalignment in the frequency domain (2005)

The performance in terms of misalignment of adaptive algorithms, in general, is dependent on the conditioning of the input signal covariance matrix. The performance of two-channel adaptive algorithms is further degraded by the high interchannel coherence between the two input signals. In this letter, we establish the relationship between interchannel coherence of the two input signals and condition of the corresponding covariance matrix for stereo acoustic echo cancellation application. We show how this relationship affects the misalignment of a frequency-domain adaptive algorithm. We provide simulation results for both white Gaussian noise and speech input to verify our mathematical analysis.
Observation of orientation-dependent photovoltaic behaviors in aligned organic nanowires (2013)

We fabricated organic nanowire (NW) solar cells based on aligned NWs of n-channel organic semiconductor, N,N′-bis(2-phenylethyl)-perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide via a filtration-and-transfer alignment method. It is well known that most efficient charge transport typically takes place along the long axis of organic NWs. However, there is no systematic study on the correlation between the orientation of NWs in the active layer and the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of solar cells. Our results demonstrate the effects of alignment direction of NWs on the PCE of organic solar cells with single-crystalline NWs.
Structural Material Anomaly Detection System Using Water Chemistry Data, (VII) (1993)

Abstract A method to detect small changes in water quality and diagnose their causes by analyzing on-line conductivity and pH data was proposed. Laboratory tests showed that effective noise reduction of measured on-line data could be got by using a median filter to detect small changes of conductivity; a relative change of 0.001 μS/cm was distinguishable. By simulating the changes of pH and conductivity in the reactor water against a small concentration change of sodium ion or sulfate ion in the feedwater, it was found that an adequate elapsed time for the diagnosis was 4 h from the start of the concentration change. A conductivity difference of 0.001 μS/cm in the reactor water made it theoretically possible to distinguish between a sodium ion concentration change of 4.6 ppt and a sulfate ion concentration change of 9.6 ppt in the feedwater.
Structural Basis of Immune Evasion at the Site of CD4 Attachment on HIV-1 gp120 (2009)

The site on HIV-1 gp120 that binds to the CD4 receptor is vulnerable to antibodies. However, most antibodies that interact with this site cannot neutralize HIV-1. To understand the basis of this resistance, we determined co-crystal structures for two poorly neutralizing, CD4-binding site (CD4BS) antibodies, F105 and b13, in complexes with gp120. Both antibodies exhibited approach angles to gp120 similar to those of CD4 and a rare, broadly neutralizing CD4BS antibody, b12. Slight differences in recognition, however, resulted in substantial differences in F105- and b13-bound conformations relative to b12-bound gp120. Modeling and binding experiments revealed these conformations to be poorly compatible with the viral spike. This incompatibility, the consequence of slight differences in CD4BS recognition, renders HIV-1 resistant to all but the most accurately targeted antibodies.