gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of epoxidized rubber seed oil as a coupling agent and a plasticizer in silica‐filled natural rubber compounds (2004)

Abstract To obtain good reinforcement by silica filler in nonpolar rubbers, it is almost essential to use coupling agents, such as bis(triethoxy silyl propyl) tetrasulfane (TESPT). Chemicals that can interact with the silanol groups on the silica particles and reduce their network formation are also expected to enhance reinforcement. We made a comparative evaluation of TESPT, epoxidized rubber seed oil (ERSO), and their combination as a coupling agent and a plasticizer in silica‐filled natural rubber compounds. The results indicate that compounds containing ERSO showed physical and mechanical properties between that of TESPT and naphthenic oil. The action of ERSO in the improvement of the properties was expected to be bifunctional and similar to that of TESPT; that is, it caused the hydrophobation of silica, which increased its degree of dispersion and the formation of chemical bonds with the rubber, thereby ensuring strong polymer–filler interactions. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 3531–3536, 2004
Intelligent Building Control of Water Tank Based on Fuzzy Theory (2010)

With the rapid development of intelligent buildings, researchers found that it is difficult to establish mathematical model when the problem that energy-saving in water supply system of an intelligent building tank is focused, because that the outflow of the tank volume is volatile when the water is daily living water. In this paper, fuzzy control theory is used to establish a fluid level, and the fluid input flow rate to determine the amount of control, which to push the valve's opening size and speed in order to control the water supply valve opening adjustment level, so that the liquid position of container maintains a constant, and the MATLAB software is used to verify the effect of fuzzy control system. The results show that in this fuzzy control system the benefits of economic operation of water supply can be ensured by ensuring a constant level of liquid.
Diversity ALOHA--A Random Access Scheme for Satellite Communications (1983)

A generalization of the slotted ALOHA random access scheme is considered in which a user transmits multiple copies of the same packet. The multiple copies can be either transmitted simultaneously on different frequency channels (frequency diversity) or they may be transmitted on a single high-speed channel but spaced apart by random time intervals (time diversity). In frequency diversity, two schemes employing channel selections with and without replacements have been considered. In time diversity, two schemes employing a fixed number of copies or a random number of copies for each packet have been considered. In frequency diversity, activity factor-throughput tradeoffs and in time diversity, delay-throughput tradeoffs for various diversity orders have been compared. It is found that under light traffic, multiple transmission gives better delay performance. If the probability that a packet fails a certain number or more times is specified not to exceed some time limit (realistic requirement for satellite systems having large round trip propagation delay), then usually multiple transmission gives higher throughput.
N-terminal Region of FKBP12 Is Essential for Binding to the Skeletal Ryanodine Receptor (2004)

It is known that the two types of FK506-binding proteins FKBP12 and FKBP12.6 are tightly associated with the skeletal (RyR1) and cardiac ryanodine receptors (RyR2), respectively, and their interactions are important for channel functions of the RyR. In the case of cardiac muscle, three amino acid residues (Gln-31, Asn-32, and Phe-59) of FKBP12.6 could be essential for the selective binding to RyR2 (Xin, H. B., Rogers, K., Qi, Y., Kanematsu, T., and Fleischer, S. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 15315-15319). In this study to identify amino acid residues of FKBP12 that are important for the selective binding to RyR1, we mutated 9 amino acid residues of FKBP12 that differ from the counterparts of FKBP12.6 (Q3E, R18A, E31Q, D32N, M49R, R57A, W59F, H94A, and K105A), and we examined binding properties of these mutants to RyR1 by in vitro binding assay by using glutathione S-transferase-fused proteins of the mutants and Triton X-100-solubilized, FKBP12-depleted rabbit skeletal sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles. Among the nine mutants tested, only Q3E and R18A lost their selective binding ability to RyR1. Furthermore, co-immunoprecipitation of RyR1 with 33 various mutants for the 9 positions produced by introducing different size, charge, and hydrophobicity revealed that an integration of the hydrogen bonds by the irreplaceable Gln-3 and the hydrophobic interactions by the residues Arg-18 and Met-49 could be a possible mechanism for the binding of FKBP12 to RyR1. Therefore, these results suggest that the N-terminal regions of FKBP12 (Gln-3 and Arg-18) and Met-49 are essential and unique for binding of FKBP12 to RyR1 in skeletal muscle.
Study on Vibration Characteristics and Human Riding Comfort of a Special Equipment Cab (2018)

Special equipment drivers often suffered from vibration which threatened their physical and mental health. In order to study the riding comfort of a special equipment cab, a hammering experiment has been carried out on it by acceleration sensors. According to the test results, the natural frequency has been calculated which was compared with the result analysis by the finite element method. Next, the equipment operating condition test on a flat road was done. The vibration characteristics of the whole vehicle were obtained later. The results show that the cab vibration and the finite element results agree well, but the natural frequency of the cab is close to the vibration frequency of the human body. And this is not conducive to long-term operation of the drivers. In order to improve the human operational comfort, it is necessary to reduce its natural frequency during the cab structure design process. The research in this paper can provide help for the similar human-machine operation comfort study and product design.
Double sided flexible carrier with discretes and thermally enhanced FCA/COF (2002)

This paper describes an electronic assembly that uses SMT components, wire bonded chips as well as area array chips attached to a flexible carrier. The wire bond chip is reworkable until encapsulation. Heat spreaders are attached to flip chips and wire bond chips with thermally conductive adhesives. Volume constraints imposed by a system design can he satisfied by populating both sides of a flexible carrier with components. Potential cost savings and reliability gains are possible with this electronic assembly design. A single flexible carrier with chips can replace multiple printed circuit cards and two levels of interconnection.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Retrospective review of the activity and safety of apatinib and anlotinib in patients with advanced osteosarcoma and soft tissue sarcoma (2020)

Background Previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of apatinib and anlotinib for the treatment of sarcomas. However, more clinical data and evidence are needed to support clinical treatment selection and study design. Here, we evaluated the effectiveness and safety of these two drugs for the treatment of sarcomas. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the data of 110 patients with advanced osteosarcoma (n = 32) or soft tissue sarcoma (STS, n = 78) who received oral apatinib or anlotinib therapy during May 2016-February 2019 at two centers. Patients were divided into the apatinib and anlotinib groups. Results Among osteosarcoma patients, the objective response rates (ORRs) for the apatinib and anlotinib groups were 15.79% (3/19) and 7.69% (1/13), respectively. The disease control rates (DCRs) were 63.16% (12/19) and 30.77% (4/13), and the median progression-free survival (m-PFS) was 4.67 ± 3.01 and 2.67 ± 1.60 months, respectively. Among STS patients, ORRs for the apatinib and anlotinib groups were 12.24% (6/49) and 13.79% (4/29), respectively. The DCRs were 59.18% (29/49) and 55.17% (16/29), and m-PFS was 7.82 ± 6.90 and 6.03 ± 4.50 months, respectively. Regarding adverse events (AEs), apatinib was associated with a higher incidence of hair hypopigmentation and pneumothorax, while anlotinib was associated with a higher incidence of pharyngalgia or hoarseness. Conclusion Both apatinib and anlotinib were effective for the treatment of sarcomas. However, the effectiveness of the two drugs and associated AEs varied based on the histological type of sarcoma. These differences may be due to their different sensitivities to targets such as RET, warranting further study.
Multi‐transfer: Transfer learning with multiple views and multiple sources (2014)

Abstract Transfer learning, which aims to help learning tasks in a target domain by leveraging knowledge from auxiliary domains, has been demonstrated to be effective in different applications such as text mining, sentiment analysis, and so on. In addition, in many real‐world applications, auxiliary data are described from multiple perspectives and usually carried by multiple sources. For example, to help classify videos on Youtube, which include three perspectives: image, voice and subtitles, one may borrow data from Flickr, Last.FM and Google News. Although any single instance in these domains can only cover a part of the views available on Youtube, the piece of information carried by them may compensate one another. If we can exploit these auxiliary domains in a collective manner, and transfer the knowledge to the target domain, we can improve the target model building from multiple perspectives. In this article, we consider this transfer learning problem as Transfer Learning with Multiple Views and Multiple Sources . As different sources may have different probability distributions and different views may compensate or be inconsistent with each other, merging all data in a simplistic manner will not give an optimal result. Thus, we propose a novel algorithm to leverage knowledge from different views and sources collaboratively, by letting different views from different sources complement each other through a co‐training style framework, at the same time, it revises the distribution differences in different domains. We conduct empirical studies on several real‐world datasets to show that the proposed approach can improve the classification accuracy by up to 8% against different kinds of state‐of‐the‐art baselines.
Diverse proteins homologous to inositol monophosphatase (1991)

Bovine inositol monophosphatase (IMP) and several homologous proteins were found to share two sequence motifs with bovine inositol polyphosphate 1-phosphatase (IPP). These motifs may correspond to binding sites within IMP and IPP for inositol phosphates or for lithium, since both substances are bound by these proteins. This suggests that the proteins homologous to IMP, which have diverse biological roles but whose function is not clear, may act by enhancing the synthesis or degradation of phosphorylated compounds.
Role of pHyde novel gene product as an intrinsic factor for apoptotic pathway in prostate cancer. (2000)

Induction of apoptotic cell death mechanism can be regulated by internal factor(s), such as by gene product(s) that directly upregulate the apoptosis pathway or indirectly by down-regulating the anti-apoptosis gene. This homeostasis is a normal phenomenon in a biological system disturbed by cancer. It is thus important to find any gene functioning as an upregulator for the apoptosis pathway that may have a potential application in the context of cancer gene therapy. We have cloned a novel rat gene, denoted as pHyde, that fulfilled this objective. Internally, this pHyde gene product renders the stable transfectant of rat prostatic cancer cell lines more susceptible to apoptosis even without any external inducer. By using an external agent, such as 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdUr), apoptotic responses of the stable transfectants are even higher, suggesting that both intrinsic and extrinsic factors work synergistically. The pHyde gene product was termed an intrinsic factor, whereas FdUr was considered an extrinsic factor for the apoptosis in rat prostate cancer model.
Bromate reduction by denitrifying bacteria (1995)

In the presence of bromide, ozonation as applied in water treatment results in the formation of bromate, an ion with carcinogenic properties. The reduction of bromate by mixed bacterial populations as well as pure cultures was studied under laboratory conditions. Bromate was reduced to bromide by a mixed bacterial population with and without a preceding nitrate reduction step in an anaerobically incubated medium with ethanol as the energy and carbon source at 20 and 25 deg C. The predominating bacteria isolated from the batches showing bromate reduction were identified as Pseudomonas spp. Strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens reduced BrO(inf3)(sup-) to Br(sup-) but at a much lower rate than the mixed bacterial population did. Nitrate is a preferred electron acceptor for the bromate-reducing bacteria. Bromate reduction did not occur in the presence of NO(inf3)(sup-), and the rate of bromate reduction was at least 100 times lower than the rate of nitrate reduction. Bromate was completely converted to Br(sup-), indicating that intermediates, e.g., BrO(inf2)(sup-), did not accumulate during bromate reduction.
Biosignal and context monitoring: Distributed multimedia applications of Body Area Networks in healthcare (2008)

We are investigating the use of body area networks (BANs), wearable sensors and wireless communications for measuring, processing, transmission, interpretation and display of biosignals. The goal is to provide telemonitoring and teletreatment services for patients. The remote health professional can view a multimedia display which includes graphical and numerical representation of patientspsila biosignals. Addition of feedback-control enables teletreatment services; teletreatment can be delivered to the patient via multiple modalities including tactile, text, auditory and visual. We describe the health BAN and a generic mobile health service platform and two context aware applications. The epilepsy application illustrates processing and interpretation of multi-source, multimedia BAN data. The chronic pain application illustrates multi-modal feedback and treatment, with patients able to view their own biosignals on their handheld device.
Cryptic proteolytic activity of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (2007)

The mitochondrial enzyme, dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD), is essential for energy metabolism across eukaryotes. Here, conditions known to destabilize the DLD homodimer enabled the mouse, pig, or human enzyme to function as a protease. A catalytic dyad (S456-E431) buried at the homodimer interface was identified. Serine protease inhibitors and an S456A or an E431A point mutation abolished the proteolytic activity, whereas other point mutations at the homodimer interface domain enhanced the proteolytic activity, causing partial or complete loss of DLD activity. In humans, mutations in the DLD homodimer interface have been linked to an atypical form of DLD deficiency. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism by which certain DLD mutations can simultaneously induce the loss of a primary metabolic activity and the gain of a moonlighting proteolytic activity. The latter could contribute to the metabolic derangement associated with DLD deficiency and represent a target for therapies of this condition.
Impact Of 1X Reticle Defects For Submicron Production Lithography (1986)

A new test reticle with programmed defects has been designed to evaluate the impact of 1X reticle defects for micron and submicron design rules. This reticle has been used to examine the performance of the present generation of automatic reticle inspection systems, as well as to investigate the printability of defects using a 1 um 1X lens. Printability of contact holes, shaped contacts, and pinholes have been compared. Conclusions relevant to the manufacture of 1X reticles for micron and submicron device work are presented here.
Role of Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein in Early Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury in Mice (2002)

Cellular responses to endotoxins are enhanced markedly by LPS-binding protein (LBP). Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that endotoxins and proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha participate in early alcohol-induced liver injury. Therefore, in this study, a long-term intragastric ethanol feeding model was used to test the hypothesis that LBP is involved in alcoholic hepatitis by comparing LBP knockout and wild-type mice. Two-month-old female mice were fed a high-fat liquid diet with either ethanol or isocaloric maltose-dextrin as control continuously for 4 wk. There was no difference in mean urine alcohol concentrations between the groups fed ethanol. Dietary alcohol significantly increased liver to body weight ratios and serum alanine aminotransferase levels in wild-type mice (189 +/- 31 U/L) over high-fat controls (24 +/- 7 U/L), effects which were blunted significantly in LBP knockout mice (60 +/- 17 U/L). Although no significant pathological changes were observed in high-fat controls, 4 wk of dietary ethanol caused steatosis, mild inflammation, and focal necrosis in wild-type animals as expected (pathology score, 5.9 +/- 0.5). These pathological changes were reduced significantly in LBP knockout mice fed ethanol (score, 2.6 +/- 0.5). Endotoxin levels in the portal vein were increased significantly after 4 wk in both groups fed ethanol. Moreover, ethanol increased TNF-alpha mRNA expression in wild-type, but not in LBP knockout mice. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that LBP plays an important role in early alcohol-induced liver injury by enhancing LPS-induced signal transduction, most likely in Kupffer cells.
Effect of ammonium phosphate on mycelial growth and exopolysaccharides production of Ganoderma lucidum in an air-lift fermenter (1999)

It was discovered that ammonium phosphate in the medium played an important role in both growing mycelium and producing exopolysaccharides (EPS) from G. lucidum. In lower concentration levels of ammonium phosphate (0-3 g/l), an improved mycelial growth was observed by maintaining more filamentous morphology than in high concentrations (5-11 g/l). In addition, it was confirmed by comparing the factual dimension and frequency of the area regarding the mycelial pellets. This must be attributed to limitations of nutrient transfer by maintaining filamentous mycelium during the cultivation in a low ammonium phosphate containing medium. On the other hand, the best EPS production was observed in medium with the absence or low concentration of ammonium phosphate. The shear stress of the culture broth was greatly affected by the shear rate, as compared with that of the culture broth with high ammonium phosphate concentration. The rheological characteristics of the fermentation broth and filtrate worked well according to the Herschel-Bulkley model. It was also found that the morphological changes of the mycelium resulting from the ammonium phosphate concentration directly affected the rheological characteristics of the system and resulted in reversely affecting the EPS production levels. Based on these results, it can be concluded that delicate regulation of the ammonium phosphate concentration in the culture media should be provided in order to obtain optimal mycelial growth and/or EPS production.
Improved image reconstruction from sensitivity-encoded data by wavelet denoising and Tikhonov regularization (2003)

Parallel magnetic resonance imaging through sensitivity encoding using multiple receiver coils has emerged as an effective tool to reduce imaging time. However, errors in both the estimated coil sensitivity maps and the measured data, and the ill-conditioned nature of the coefficient matrix (often associated with non-localized coils) can degrade image quality significantly, limiting speed enhancements. In this paper, we propose to use wavelet denoising to reduce noise in the coil sensitivity maps and a specially-designed Tikhonov regularization scheme to solve the ill-conditioned matrix equation. Experimental results show that these techniques produce significantly better images (with an improved signal-to-noise ratio and reduced aliasing artifacts) than conventional reconstruction methods based on matrix inversion with a diagonal regularization matrix.
Photoresponsive dithienylethene-urea-based organogels with “reversed” behavior (2008)

Dithienylperhydrocyclopentene-bisurea-based low molecular weight gelators are described that function as photoresponsive organogels that show a remarkable gel-to-liquid transition upon irradiation. The two series of derivatives, with and without alkyl spacers between the urea hydrogen bonding groups and the photochromic unit, show different gelation behavior. Upon UV irradiation of the gels, a gel liquified at only 1.4% conversion of the photochromic unit. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shows that the gel fibres consist of thin ribbons. Semi-empirical (PM3) calculations indicate that the hydrogen bonding between the open-ring isomer (o) molecules is weak, and that formation of the closed-ring isomer (c) destabilises the hydrogen bonding further. The results indicate that a small amount of the closed-ring isomer will disrupt the intermolecular hydrogen-bonding, leading to disintegration of the gel fibre ribbons and hence reversible liquification.
Referral Infomediaries (2002)

An interesting phenomenon has been the emergence of “infomediaries” in the form of Internet referral services in many markets. These services offer consumers the opportunity to get price quotes from enrolled brick-and-mortar retailers and direct consumer traffic to particular retailers who join them. This paper analyzes the effect of referral infomediaries on retail markets and examines the contractual arrangements that they should use in selling their services. We identify the conditions necessary for the infomediary to exist and explain how they would evolve with the growth of the Internet. The role of an infomediary as a price discrimination mechanism leads to lower online prices. Perhaps the most interesting result is that the referral infomediary can unravel (i.e., no retailer can get any net profit gain from joining) when its reach becomes too large. The analysis also shows why referral infomediaries would prefer to offer geographical exclusivity to joining retailers.
Context Aware Power Management of Mobile Systems for Sensing Applications (2012)

The widespread adoption of mobile, yet powerful smartphones enable the development of distributed sensing applications. For such applications, the smartphone plays a central role by acting as a bridge between user worn sensors and a remote server. Smartphone energy consumption is a critical issue that should be considered. As the user’s daily context continually changes, the application can dynamically adapt its behavior to the user context to reduce the smartphone energy consumption. In this work, we propose to use context knowledge to dynamically adapt the behavior of sensing applications running on smartphones. In our system a context aware application manager starts, suspends and changes the sampling rate of a sensing application according to current user’s context. We tested our technique on a real system and we show that it is can extend smartphone lifetime by 5x.