gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mutual-information based weighted fusion for target tracking in underwater wireless sensor networks (2018)

Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) can provide a promising solution to underwater target tracking. Due to limited energy and bandwidth resources, only a small number of nodes are selected to track a target at each interval. Because all measurements are fused together to provide information in a fusion center, fusion weights of all selected nodes may affect the performance of target tracking. As far as we know, almost all existing tracking schemes neglect this problem. We study a weighted fusion scheme for target tracking in UWSNs. First, because the mutual information (MI) between a node’s measurement and the target state can quantify target information provided by the node, it is calculated to determine proper fusion weights. Second, we design a novel multi-sensor weighted particle filter (MSWPF) using fusion weights determined by MI. Third, we present a local node selection scheme based on posterior Cramer-Rao lower bound (PCRLB) to improve tracking efficiency. Finally, simulation results are presented to verify the performance improvement of our scheme with proper fusion weights.
Characterization of the mammalian family of DCN-type NEDD8 E3 ligases (2016)

Cullin-RING ligases (CRL) are ubiquitin E3 enzymes that bind substrates through variable substrate receptor proteins and are activated by attachment of the ubiquitin-like protein NEDD8 to the cullin subunit. DCNs are NEDD8 E3 ligases that promote neddylation. Mammalian cells express five DCN-like (DCNL) proteins but little is known about their specific functions or interaction partners. We found that DCNLs form stable stoichiometric complexes with CAND1 and cullins that can only be neddylated in the presence of a substrate adaptor. These CAND-cullin-DCNL complexes might represent 'reserve' CRLs that can be rapidly activated when needed. We further found that all DCNLs interact with most cullin subtypes, but that they are probably responsible for the neddylation of different subpopulations of any given cullin. This is consistent with the fact that the subcellular localization of DCNLs in tissue culture cells differs and that they show unique tissue-specific expression patterns in mice. Thus, the specificity between DCNL-type NEDD8 E3 enzymes and their cullin substrates is only apparent in well-defined physiological contexts and related to their subcellular distribution and restricted expression.
Slot-loaded bow-tie microstrip antenna for dual-frequencyoperation (1998)

By loading a pair of narrow slots close to the radiating edges of a bow-tie microstrip antenna, dual-frequency operation can be obtained using a single probe feed. Various frequency ratios, within the range 2.0 – 3.0, of the two operating frequencies can be obtained by varying the flare angle of the bow-tie patch. Details of the antenna design and experimental results are presented and discussed.
Super-Resolution Readout Using a Silver Scattering Center with Plasmon Excitation Generated in a Non-Magnetic Readout Layer. (2001)

Super-resolution readout was established by using a non-magnetic readout layer on a magneto-optical disk. The readout layer was composed of AgOx and separated from a recording layer at a near-field coupling distance as well as a super-resolution near-field structure (Super-RENS) disk. A laser-generated Ag cluster works as a scattering center in the readout layer to reproduce a Kerr rotation angle of a recorded mark. As a result, by using the AgOx readout layer, marks of about 200-nm size could be read out beyond the diffraction limit
Immune Thrombocytopenia and B-Cell-Activating Factor/A Proliferation-Inducing Ligand (2013)

Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an organ-specific autoimmune disorder characterized by autoantibody-mediated enhanced platelet destruction and dysmegakaryocytopoiesis. B cells have been demonstrated to play critical roles in the pathophysiology of ITP. B-cell-activating factor (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) are crucial cytokines supporting survival and differentiation of B cells, and dysregulation of BAFF/APRIL is involved in the pathogenesis of B-cell related autoimmune diseases including ITP. Currently ongoing clinical trials using BAFF and/or APRIL-blocking agents have yielded positive results in human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), further confirming the pathological role of BAFF/APRIL in autoimmunity. This review will describe the function of BAFF/APRIL and address the feasibility of BAFF/APRIL inhibition in the management of ITP.
Non invasive fibrosis biomarkers reduce but not substitute the need for liver biopsy (2006)

Chronic liver diseases are very common worldwide, particularly those linked to viral hepatitis and to alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver. Their natural history is variable and long-term evolution differs in individual patients. Optimised clinical management of compensated chronic liver diseases requires precise definition of the stage of liver fibrosis, the main determinant of prognosis and of most therapeutic decisions. Liver biopsy is the gold standard for assessment of hepatic fibrosis. However, it is invasive with possible complications, costly and prone to sampling errors. Many non-invasive markers of liver fibrosis have been recently proposed and assessed in the clinical setting as surrogates of liver biopsy. Direct markers are based on biochemical parameters directly linked to fibrogenesis while indirect markers use simple or more sophisticated parameters that correlate with liver fibrosis stages. Non-invasive markers of liver fibrosis have been tested in different forms of chronic liver disease and showed variable diagnostic performance, but accuracy rarely was above 75%-80%. Better results were obtained when markers were combined. On this line, we have recently proposed a set of algorithms that combine sequentially indirect non-invasive markers of liver fibrosis, reaching 90%-95% diagnostic accuracy with significant reduction in the need for liver biopsy. Based on available evidence, it can be anticipated that non-invasive markers of liver fibrosis and their combined use will soon become a most useful tool in the clinical management of many forms of chronic liver disease. However, their implementation is expected to reduce, but not to completely eliminate, the need for liver biopsy.
Optimizing monitoring of finite state properties through monitor compaction (2013)

Runtime monitoring has proven effective in detecting property violations, but it can incur high overhead when monitoring just a single property - particularly when the property relates multiple objects. In practice developers will likely monitor multiple properties in the same execution which will lead to even higher overhead.
Specific‐wavelength visible light irradiation inhibits bacterial growth of <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> (2007)

These results indicate that P. gingivalis growth is specifically suppressed by 405-nm light irradiation, suggesting that visible blue light irradiation is a promising means for eradicating periodontopathogenic bacteria from periodontal lesions.
Progress and Perspectives of Organosulfur for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries (2022)

Abstract Lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) with high theoretical capacity are regarded as the most promising candidates for next‐generation energy storage systems. However, the low conductivity, high volume change, and shuttle effect need to be addressed before the commercialization of LSBs. Organosulfur with covalent CS bonds can solve these problems when applied as different components of LSBs. Recent advances of application of organosulfur as cathodes, electrolytes, interlayers, and binders in LSBs are reviewed. Finally, the prospects for organosulfur are proposed from both the perspectives of mechanism understanding and practical applications.
Magnetic Resonance Histology of Age-Related Nephropathy in the Sprague Dawley Rat (2012)

Magnetic resonance histology (MRH) has become a valuable tool in evaluating drug-induced toxicity in preclinical models. However, its application in renal injury has been limited. This study tested the hypothesis that MRH could detect image-based biomarkers of chronic disease, inflammation, or age-related degeneration in the kidney, laying the foundation for more extensive use in evaluating drug toxicity. We examined the entire intact kidney in a spontaneous model of chronic progressive nephropathy. Kidneys from male Sprague Dawley rats were imaged at 8 weeks (n = 4) and 52 weeks (n =4) on a 9.4 T system dedicated to MR microscopy. Several potential contrast mechanisms were explored to optimize the scanning protocols. Full coverage of the entire kidney was achieved with isotropic spatial resolution at 31 microns (voxel volume = 30 pL) using a gradient recalled echo sequence. Isotropic spatial resolution of 15 microns (voxel volume < 4 pL) was achieved in a biopsy core specimen. Qualitative age-related structural changes, such as renal cortical microvasculature, tubular dilation, interstitial fibrosis, and glomerular architecture, were apparent. The nondestructive 3D images allowed measurement of quantitative differences of kidney volume, pelvis volume, main vessel volume, glomerular size, as well as thickness of the cortex, outer medulla, and inner medulla.
Terahertz conductivity of thin metal films (2008)

The conductivities of thin Al, Au, and Ag films were measured via their transmission at terahertz frequencies. The conductivities of all the films, particularly the thinner films and Al films, were much smaller than their bulk dc values. This reduced conductivity can be quantitatively understood in terms of an increased scattering rate from defects. The transmission is consistent with a frequency independent conductivity, implying a very fast electron scattering time.
Optical Imaging of Drug-Induced Metabolism Changes in Murine and Human Pancreatic Cancer Organoids Reveals Heterogeneous Drug Response (2015)

Optical metabolic imaging of primary pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma organoids is highly sensitive to drug-induced metabolic changes, provides a nondestructive method for monitoring dynamic drug response, and presents a novel platform for patient-specific drug testing and drug development.
Recent Studies on Bioactive Compounds From Plants (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRecent Studies on Bioactive Compounds From PlantsKoji NakanishiCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1982, 45, 1, 15–26Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 January 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50019a002https://doi.org/10.1021/np50019a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views398Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The GCR1, GPA1, PRN1, NF-Y Signal Chain Mediates Both Blue Light and Abscisic Acid Responses in Arabidopsis (2007)

Different classes of biotic (e.g. plant hormones) and abiotic (e.g. different wavelengths of light) signals act through specific signal transduction mechanisms to coordinate higher plant development. While a great deal of progress has been made, full signal transduction chains have not yet been described for most blue light- or abscisic acid-mediated events. Based on data derived from T-DNA insertion mutants and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) two-hybrid and coprecipitation assays, we report a signal transduction chain shared by blue light and abscisic acid leading to light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding protein expression in etiolated Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings. The chain consists of GCR1 (the sole Arabidopsis protein coding for a potential G-protein-coupled receptor), GPA1 (the sole Arabidopsis Galpha-subunit), Pirin1 (PRN1; one of four members of an iron-containing subgroup of the cupin superfamily), and a nuclear factor Y heterotrimer comprised of A5, B9, and possibly C9. We also demonstrate that this mechanism is present in imbibed seeds wherein it affects germination rate.
Interactive topography simulation sandbox for geography learning course (2016)

Recently, there are huge number of researches focusing on development of teaching tools to enhance learning result. However, for some courses, they require a novel system to enhance learning environment. This research focuses on geography course in the use of color and contour lines in height differentiation according to altitude terrain. We implement an augmented reality sandbox to be an interaction terrain simulation learning aid by using sandbox, which show the elevation tint and contour line precisely and correctly based on the geography principle. When a user manipulate the height of sand in the box, the system will calculate the color and contour line that respect to the sand automatically. This system allows teacher to have interaction with student to decrease quantitative, but increase qualitative teaching. We conducted a pilot study with several high school students which gave us a good feedback and experimental results. Such results are also shown in this paper to demonstrate our achievement.
Carburizing: Microstructures and Properties (1999)

Detailed discussions and over 250 graphs and charts describe the effects of microstructure on the properties of carburized stees. In-depth coverage clarifies the causes, interpretation, prevention, and consequences of various microstructural variations and defects in carburized parts. Also covered are the effects of post-hardening heat treatments, surface grinding, and shot peening. Contents: Internal Oxidation Decarburization Carbides Retained Austinite Grain size, Microsegregation, and Microcracking Core Properties and Case Depth Post Hardening Heat Treatments Post Carburizing Mechanical Treatments.
Fabrication of Core–Shell Novel Polyurea Microcapsules Using Isophorone Diisocyanate (IPDI) Trimer for Release System (2014)

Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) trimer based novel polyurea core shell structures were developed by interfacial polymerization. Different operating conditions have been used to fabricate shell to encapsulate core. Characterizations of prepared microcapsules were done by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and particle size analyzer. The surface morphology of microcapsules was examined by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The release rate of core from microcapsules was estimated by UV and gas chromatography. The results revealed that tailor made release can be adjusted by varying operational protocol for shell and fabricated shell can be extended to other applications such as self-healing coatings and drug delivery.
Bioscrubbing: An Effective and Economic Solution to Odour Control at Sewage‐Treatment Plants (2001)

Abstract As a result of odour nuisances from Damhusaaen sewage‐treatment works in Copenhagen, it was decided that critical sections of the inlet plant should be covered and enclosed. Ventilated air (6000 m 3 /h) is cleaned in a bioscrubber, and this installation has reduced the odour around the plant to the extent that it is no longer detectable. A cleaning efficiency (for hydrogen sulphide) of more than 99% and low residual emissions (less than 0.1 mg/m 3 of organic sulphur compounds) are achieved by the bioscrubber. Space requirements and operational costs are relatively low, and the bioscrubber has proved to be reliable, requiring minimal maintenance.
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Family and Its Relationship to Renal Complications of the Metabolic Syndrome (2004)

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) are members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors. Three PPAR isoforms, designated PPARalpha, -beta/delta, and -gamma, have been identified and attracted enormous attention as a result of the key role that these receptors play in regulating adipogenesis, lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, inflammation, and BP. Growing evidence points to a causative relationship between PPAR activity and the metabolic syndrome, including insulin resistance, glucose intolerance or type 2 diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and albuminuria. Importantly, both PPAR-alpha activators, such as the fibric acid class of hypolipidemic drugs, and PPAR-gamma agonists, including antidiabetic thiazolidinediones, have been proved to be effective for improving diverse aspects of the metabolic syndrome. All three PPAR isoforms seem to play important roles in the development of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes. Accumulating data suggesting that PPAR may serve as potential therapeutic targets for treating the metabolic syndrome and its related renal complications have begun to emerge. This article reviews the literature pertaining to the action, ligand selectivity, and physiologic role of PPAR. Particular emphasis is placed on their pathogenic roles in the metabolic syndrome and the therapeutic utility of PPAR modulators in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
Transport of <sup>13</sup>C-oleate in adipocytes measured using multi imaging mass spectrometry (2004)

The mechanism of long chain free fatty acid (FFA) transport across cell membranes is under active investigation. Here we describe the use of multi imaging mass spectrometry (MIMS) to monitor intracellular concentrations of FFA and provide new insight into FFA transport in cultured adipocytes. Cells were incubated with 13C-oleate:BSA and either dried directly or dried after washing with a medium deprived of 13C-oleate:BSA. Cells were analyzed with MIMS using a scanning primary Cs+ ion beam and 12C-, 13C-, 12C14N-, 13C14N-) (or 12C 15N-) were imaged simultaneously. From these quantitative images the values of the 13C/ 12C ratios were determined in the intracellular lipid droplets, in the cytoplasm and outside the 3T3F442A adipocytes. The results indicate that after incubation with 13C-oleate:BSA the droplet 13C/ 12C ratio was 15 +/- 6%. This value is about 14-fold higher than the 13C/ 12C terrestrial ratio (1.12%). After washing the 13C-oleate:BSA, the droplet 13C/ 12C ratios decreased to 1.6 +/- 0.1%, about 40% greater than the natural abundance. Results for washed cells indicate that relatively little FFA was esterified. The unwashed cell results, together with the value of the lipid water partition coefficient, reveal that intracellular unbound FFA (FFAu) concentrations were on average about 4.5-fold greater than the extracellular FFAu concentrations. These results are consistent with the possibility that FFA may be pumped into adipocytes against their electro-chemical potential. This work demonstrates that MIMS can be used to image and quantitate stable isotope labeled fatty acid in intracellular lipid droplets.
Accurate modelling and optimization of inhomogeneous substrate related losses in SPDT switch IC design for WLAN applications (2017)

This paper teaches the way to achieve an optimum substrate isolation in RF switch design thanks to Deep Trenches Isolation (DTI). The role of Deep Trench Isolation in substrate coupling around active blocks is analysed in link to its ability to break the conductive buried layers in the substrate. Then, an accurate modelling approach based on quasi-static approach developed for inhomogeneous substrate is investigated. The efficiency of this methodology is first demonstrated thanks to a comparison with a standard numerical method based on FEM (Finite Element Method). Then, experiments data are provided to support this theoretical analysis. The methodology is fully integrated in a commercial design flow and offers a perfect trade-off between accuracy and run time simulation. From available test data on single device and a full SP3T, a correlation better than 0.1dB is obtained between simulation and measurement up to 8 GHz.
Generating Nonhomogeneous Poisson Processes (2011)

Abstract We present an overview of existing methods to generate pseudorandom numbers from homogeneous Poisson processes. We provide three well‐known definitions of the homogeneous Poisson process, present results that form the basis of various existing generation algorithms, and provide algorithm listings. With the intent of guiding users seeking an appropriate algorithm for a given setting, we note the computationally burdensome operations within each algorithm. Our treatment includes one‐dimensional and two‐dimensional homogeneous Poisson processes.
Competition for Graphene: Graphynes with Direction-Dependent Dirac Cones (2012)

The existence of Dirac cones in the band structure of two-dimensional materials accompanied by unprecedented electronic properties is considered to be a unique feature of graphene related to its hexagonal symmetry. Here, we present other two-dimensional carbon materials, graphynes, that also possess Dirac cones according to first-principles electronic structure calculations. One of these materials, 6,6,12-graphyne, does not have hexagonal symmetry and features two self-doped nonequivalent distorted Dirac cones suggesting electronic properties even more amazing than that of graphene.
Replication-competent picornaviruses with complete genomic RNA 3' noncoding region deletions (1997)

The genomic RNA 3' noncoding region is believed to be a major cis-acting molecular genetic determinant for regulating picornavirus negative-strand RNA synthesis by promoting replication complex recognition. We report the replication of two picornavirus RNAs harboring complete deletions of the genomic RNA 3' noncoding regions. Our results suggest that while specific 3'-terminal RNA sequences and/or secondary structures may have evolved to promote or regulate negative-strand RNA synthesis, the basic mechanism of replication initiation is not strictly template specific and may rely primarily upon the proximity of newly translated viral replication proteins to the 3' terminus of template RNAs within tight membranous replication complexes.