gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of aryl halides and olefinic epoxides via palladium migration (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPalladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of aryl halides and olefinic epoxides via palladium migrationRichard C. Larock and Wai Yee LeungCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 26, 6244–6245Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00313a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00313a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views435Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Epigenetic Inactivation of <b> <i>ID4</i> </b> in Colorectal Carcinomas Correlates with Poor Differentiation and Unfavorable Prognosis (2004)

ID4 gene is a potential tumor suppressor gene for which methylation status may play an important role in the CRC progression.
An Alkaline Flow Battery Based on the Coordination Chemistry of Iron and Cobalt (2014)

We present the first alkaline redox flow battery (a-RFB) based on the coordination chemistry of cobalt with 1-[Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-2-propanol (mTEA) and iron with triethanolamine (TEA) in 5 M NaOH. The overall redox system has a cell voltage of 0.93 V in the charged state. Importantly, the coordination compounds are negatively charged and have limited transport through the cation exchange membrane (e.g., Nafion), minimizing the extent of redox species crossover during charge-discharge cycling. Fe-TEA is electrochemically reversible and soluble up to 0.8 M, whereas Co-mTEA presents quasireversible electron transfer kinetics and can be solubilized up to 0.7 M. Cyclability was tested with a flow cell at a concentration 0.5 M up to 30 cycles using a 50 μm thick Nafion membrane, at 30 mA/cm2, with minimal crossover (less than 4% of net concentration) or evolution of gases detected.
Laser-induced breakdown spectrometry as a multimetal continuous-emission monitor (1999)

Laser-induced breakdown spectrometry (LIBS) has been used to detect atomic and molecular species in various environments. LIBS has the capability to be used as a continuous-emission monitor to monitor toxic-metal concentrations in stack emissions. Recently a mobile LIBS system was calibrated in our laboratory and tested as a multimetal continuous-emission monitor during a joint U.S. Department of Energy-Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) test. LIBS measurements were performed with three sets of metal concentrations at the EPA Rotary Kiln Incinerator Simulator. The LIBS system successfully measured concentrations of Cr, Pb, Cd, and Be in near real time in this test. Real-time LIBS data were averaged and compared with data obtained from an EPA reference method that was conducted concurrently with LIBS. The details of the LIBS calibration and results of these LIBS measurements are described.
Mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry by time-resolved magnetic dispersion (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMass spectrometry/mass spectrometry by time-resolved magnetic dispersionJohn T. Stults, Christie G. Enke, and John F. HollandCite this: Anal. Chem. 1983, 55, 8, 1323–1330Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00259a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00259a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views77Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Convolutional Laplacian sparse coding (2016)

We propose to extend the the standard convolutional sparse representation by combining it with a non-local graph Laplacian term. This additional term is chosen to address some of the deficiencies of the ℓ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> norm in regularizing these representations, and is shown to have an advantage in both dictionary learning and an example image reconstruction problem.
Modular gradient coil: A new concept in high-performance whole-body gradient coil design (1999)

A new concept in high-performance MR gradient coil design is presented which we have called the Modular Gradient Coil (MGC). This novel design approach results in an actively shielded whole-body gradient coil containing multiple and independent elements, integrated onto a single former, for generating gradient fields along each of the three axes (x, y, and z). These elements can be energized in a number of configurations, using a single gradient power supply unit (PSU), to generate a whole range of gradient performance levels. The design criteria for the MGC also include a requirement to prohibit peripheral nerve stimulation in all of its modes of operation. This requirement is achieved, while simultaneously providing high performance, by specifying different volumes of gradient linearity for each of the operating modes. Magn Reson Med 42:561-570, 1999.
Comparison between Subgenomic Replicons of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes 2a (JFH-1) and 1b (Con1 NK5.1) (2005)

Although replicon systems for hepatitis C virus (HCV) recently developed have enabled the replication of HCV in cultured cells, limited genotypes are available for them. We have isolated HCV cDNA of genotype 2a (JFH-1 strain) from serum of a patient with fulminant hepatitis. A subgenomic replicon of JFH-1 was constructed and compared with the HCV replicon of genotype 1b (Con1 NK5.1) which possessed adaptive mutations. Huh7 cells transfected with replicon RNAs that had been transcribed in vitro were cultured in the presence of neomycin sulfate (G418), and selected colonies were isolated and expanded. Then, growth rates and replication of HCV RNA were evaluated on isolated cells hosting replicons. Saturation densities were lower for cells propagating JFH-1 than Con1 NK5.1 or untransfected Huh7 cells, and the mean doubling time was longer for JFH-1 than for Huh7 cells. Levels of HCV RNA replication in isolated clones were similar between JFH-1 and Con1 NK5.1 cells. Replication of RNA decreased reciprocally with cell densities in both JFH-1 and Con1 NK5.1 cells. The replication of HCV RNA was more resistant to interferon-alpha in JFH-1 than in Con1 NK5.1 cells based on the comparison of an inhibitory concentration of 50%. In conclusion, we found differences between HCV replicon clones of genotypes 1b and 2a. However, these differences may result from strain-specific characteristics, such as the source of HCV, rather than characteristics of distinct genotypes. Therefore, further investigation may be needed on more HCV isolates of diverse genotypes.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Phenylthiazolidine Derivatives as Cardiotonic Agents. Part 4. Modification of the Phenylpiperazino Moiety of 2‐(Phenylpiperazinoalkoxyphenyl)thiazolidine‐3‐carbothioamides and the Corresponding Carboxamides. (1988)

Abstract Substituted aminoalkoxybenzaldehydes such as (I), prepared by different multistep syntheses, react with the aminoethyl mercaptan (II) and methyl iso(thio)cyanate (III), forming carbamoylthiazolidines such as (IV).
UV-light-imprinted surface, ridge, and buried sol-gel glass waveguides and devices on silicon (1996)

New processes are developed to produce surface, ridge and buried sol-gel glass waveguides by photo-inscription using a ultraviolet light source. The fabricated waveguides demonstrate very low propagation losses (approximately 0.1 dB/cm). Several integrated optical devices such as cascaded Y-branch power splitters, directional couplers, Mach-Zehnder interferometer wavelength division multiplexers have also been produced.
Metabolic Engineering of a Pentose Metabolism Pathway in Ethanologenic <i>Zymomonas mobilis</i> (1995)

The ethanol-producing bacterium Zymomonas mobilis was metabolically engineered to broaden its range of fermentable substrates to include the pentose sugar xylose. Two operons encoding xylose assimilation and pentose phosphate pathway enzymes were constructed and transformed into Z. mobilis in order to generate a strain that grew on xylose and efficiently fermented it to ethanol. Thus, anaerobic fermentation of a pentose sugar to ethanol was achieved through a combination of the pentose phosphate and Entner-Doudoroff pathways. Furthermore, this strain efficiently fermented both glucose and xylose, which is essential for economical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol.
Conserved MHC Class I–Presented Dengue Virus Epitopes Identified by Immunoproteomics Analysis Are Targets for Cross-Serotype Reactive T-Cell Response (2012)

Dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever are significant global public health problems, and understanding the overall immune response to infection will contribute to appropriate management of the disease and its potentially severe complications. Live attenuated and subunit vaccine candidates, which are under clinical evaluation, induce primarily an antibody response to the virus and minimal cross-reactive T-cell responses. Currently, there are no available tools to assess protective T-cell responses during infection or after vaccination. In this study, we utilize an immunoproteomics process to uncover novel HLA-A2-specific epitopes derived from dengue virus (DV)-infected cells. These epitopes are conserved, and we report that epitope-specific cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs) are cross-reactive against all 4 DV serotypes. These epitopes have potential as new informational and diagnostic tools to characterize T-cell immunity in DV infection and may serve as part of a universal vaccine candidate complementary to current vaccines in trial.
Estimation of Equivalent Circuit Parameters of Underwater Acoustic Piezoelectric Transducer for Matching Network Design of Sonar Transmitter (2009)

This paper presents an estimation technique of the equivalent circuit parameters for an underwater acoustic piezoelectric transducer from the measured impedance. Estimated equivalent circuit can be used for the design of the impedance matching network of the sonar transmitter. A fitness function is proposed to minimize the error between the calculated impedance of the equivalent circuit and the measured impedance of the transducer. The equivalent circuit parameters are estimated by using the fitness function and the PSO(Particle Swarm Optimization) algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the applications to a sandwich-type transducer and a dummy load. In addition, the impedance matching network is also designed by using the estimated equivalent circuit model.
Tunable Multiple-Quantum-Well Distributed-Bragg-Reflector Lasers as Tunable Narrow-Band Receivers (1989)

There has been a growing interest in densely spaced incoherent wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) optical communications systems as an alternative to coherent (heterodyne) systems. Recent work has reported an MQW-DBR laser simultaneously functioning as a local oscillator and photodetector/mixer in a coherent (heterodyne) system[1]. In this work we demonstrate the potential of a broadly tunable multiple-quantum-well (MQW) DBR laser geometry to perform as a complete narrow-band tunable incoherent receiver. Biased just below threshold, the device simultaneously integrates the functions of a tunable filter, resonant optical amplifier, photodetector, and if desired, an FSK discriminator. Using identical devices for both an FSK transmitter and an FSK receiver, we demonstrate transmission at speeds up to 250 Mb/s with a preliminary sensitivities in the ~-30 dBm range for 10 −9 BER. Speed is limited by the transmitter FM response, and independent speed measurements indicate a receiver bandwidth of at least 1.7 GHz.
Immune response to uncoupled peptides of foot-and-mouth disease virus. (1987)

Uncoupled synthetic peptide representing the sequence of amino acids 141-160 of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) protein VP1 induced a virus-neutralizing antibody response in guinea-pigs. This response required incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) for the primary inoculation and was dependent on the presence of an added cysteine residue with an unblocked sulphydryl group at the carboxy-terminus. Secondary immunization could be carried out in the absence of adjuvant. A study of the relative activities of nested sets of uncoupled peptides from 150-160 to 135-160 and 141-160 to 141-155 indicated that amino acids 146-156 were critical for the induction of virus-neutralizing antibodies and that extension to 137-160 further improved this response. Results of in vitro proliferation studies demonstrated that the carboxy-terminal residues on this peptide may form a T-cell epitope. The significance of these observations in the broader context of synthetic peptide vaccines is discussed.
Swept-frequency ultrasonic phase evaluation of adhesive bonding in tri-layer structures (2019)

As modern aerospace and automotive designs continually strive for higher performance, and thus rely on advanced composite structures where adhesive bonding is a preferred method of joining, the need for a robust quantitative nondestructive bond strength measurement method has increased. As such, advanced nondestructive evaluation methods have been researched for increased sensitivity to weak interfacial bonding and ultimately to detect "kissing" bonds. In this work, a phase-based method for interrogating bonded joints and detecting weak adhesion is developed by using swept-frequency phase measurements of ultrasonic waves reflected from an adhesive joint and modeling adhesive interfaces as a distributed spring system. The method's sensitivity to bond strength is explored by ultrasonic phase evaluation of tri-layer joints with bond quality varied by controlling ultraviolet light exposure and extracting interfacial stiffness constants of the bonds. Mechanical tensile tests found each joint failed adhesively, allowing a linear correlation to be drawn between interfacial stiffness and tensile strength, consistent with previous theoretical research. The ultrasonic phase measurement method identifies intermediate bond strengths, rather than simply detecting good or bad bonds. This technique has the potential for the verification of bond quality in lightweight aerospace and automotive designs utilizing advanced composite structures with adhesive attachments.
Genomic Sequences of Five Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus Genotypes from Spain That Differ in Their Insecticidal Properties (2015)

Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) has proved effective as the basis for various biological insecticides. Complete genome sequences of five Spanish HearNPV genotypes differed principally in the homologous regions (hrs) and the baculovirus repeat open reading frame (bro) genes, suggesting that they may be involved in the phenotypic differences observed among genotypes.
Atomic Layer Deposition for the Conformal Coating of Nanoporous Materials (2006)

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is ideal for applying precise and conformal coatings over nanoporous materials. We have recently used ALD to coat two nanoporous solids: anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) and silica aerogels. AAO possesses hexagonally ordered pores with diameters d ~ 40 nm and pore length L ~ 70 microns. The AAO membranes were coated by ALD to fabricate catalytic membranes that demonstrate remarkable selectivity in the oxidative dehydrogenation of cyclohexane. Additional AAO membranes coated with ALD Pd films show promise as hydrogen sensors. Silica aerogels have the lowest density and highest surface area of any solid material. Consequently, these materials serve as an excellent substrate to fabricate novel catalytic materials and gas sensors by ALD.
A Review of Fabrication and Applications of Bacterial Cellulose Based Nanocomposites (2014)

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a unique nanofibrous biomaterial which can have applications in many engineering fields. BC possesses excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility and can be engineered in various forms from nano to macro scales. BC based nanocomposites can be manipulated to improve their properties and/or functionalities. Such materials can be categorized as high-strength materials as well as materials for plant biomimicking, biomedical, electrically conductive, catalysis, optical, luminescent, proton conductive, separating, antimicrobial, thermo-responsive, and other applications. The review presented here focuses on various fabrication methods used and novel applications of BC based nanocomposites that are expected to be commercialized.
ZnO Nanotip-based QCM Biosensors (2006)

The medical diagnostics laboratories are showing an urgent need for accurate, fast and inexpensive biosensors. A zinc oxide (ZnO) nanotip-based quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor is developed as a solution for accurate and inexpensive biosensors. The QCM sensor composed of single crystalline ZnO nanotips grown on top of a gold electrode using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows that the ZnO nanotips are uniformly aligned with their c-axis normal to the gold surface, giving a large surface area for sample up-taking. The ZnO nanotip coated QCM sensor shows a 10-time larger frequency shift than that of regular QCM sensors, when measuring the same DNA oligonucleotide (5'-AGAAAATCTTAGTGTC-3') solution. In addition, the hydrophilic behaviors of the nanotip array significantly reduce the required liquid volume for effective detection. 0.5 mul solution fully covers the QCM sensor area (0.2047 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ), while a minimum of 16 mul liquid is required to cover a flat surface of the conventional QCM. ZnO nanotips show superhydrophilicity with a contact angle of ~0deg under ultraviolet (UV) illumination. The superhydrophilic sensor surface significantly boosts the solution taking up ability; therefore, enhances the sensitivity of the QCM sensor. The effects of ZnO nanostructure on the bulk acoustic wave (BAW) are also discussed
New Real-Time PCR Assay for Rapid Detection of Methicillin- Resistant<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Directly from Specimens Containing a Mixture of Staphylococci (2004)

Molecular methods for the rapid identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are generally based on the detection of an S. aureus-specific gene target and the mecA gene. However, such methods cannot be applied for the direct detection of MRSA from nonsterile specimens such as nasal samples without the previous isolation, capture, or enrichment of MRSA because these samples often contain both coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) and S. aureus, either of which can carry mecA. In this study, we describe a real-time multiplex PCR assay which allows the detection of MRSA directly from clinical specimens containing a mixture of staphylococci in <1 h. Five primers specific to the different staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) right extremity sequences, including three new sequences, were used in combination with a primer and three molecular beacon probes specific to the S. aureus chromosomal orfX gene sequences located to the right of the SCCmec integration site. Of the 1,657 MRSA isolates tested, 1,636 (98.7%) were detected with the PCR assay, whereas 26 of 569 (4.6%) methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) strains were misidentified as MRSA. None of the 62 nonstaphylococcal bacterial species or the 212 methicillin-resistant or 74 methicillin-susceptible CoNS strains (MRCoNS and MSCoNS, respectively) were detected by the assay. The amplification of MRSA was not inhibited in the presence of high copy numbers of MSSA, MRCoNS, or MSCoNS. The analytical sensitivity of the PCR assay, as evaluated with MRSA-negative nasal specimens containing a mixture of MSSA, MRCoNS, and MSCoNS spiked with MRSA, was approximately 25 CFU per nasal sample. This real-time PCR assay represents a rapid and powerful method which can be used for the detection of MRSA directly from specimens containing a mixture of staphylococci.
Enhanced optical properties of chemical vapor deposited single crystal diamond by low-pressure/high-temperature annealing (2008)

Single crystal diamond produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) at very high growth rates (up to 150 microm/h) has been successfully annealed without graphitization at temperatures up to 2200 degrees C and pressures <300 torr. Crystals were annealed in a hydrogen environment by using microwave plasma techniques for periods of time ranging from a fraction of minute to a few hours. This low-pressure/high-temperature (LPHT) annealing enhances the optical properties of this high-growth rate CVD single crystal diamond. Significant decreases are observed in UV, visible, and infrared absorption and photoluminescence spectra. The decrease in optical absorption after the LPHT annealing arises from the changes in defect structure associated with hydrogen incorporation during CVD growth. There is a decrease in sharp line spectral features indicating a reduction in nitrogen-vacancy-hydrogen (NVH(-)) defects. These measurements indicate an increase in relative concentration of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in nitrogen-containing LPHT-annealed diamond as compared with as-grown CVD material. The large overall changes in optical properties and the specific types of alterations in defect structure induced by this facile LPHT processing of high-growth rate single-crystal CVD diamond will be useful in the creation of diamond for a variety of scientific and technological applications.