gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A simplified purification protocol for recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors (2014)

We describe a new rapid, low cost, and scalable method for purification of various recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAVs) from the lysates of producer cells of either mammalian or insect origin. The method takes advantage of two general biochemical properties of all characterized AAV serotypes: (i) low isoelectric point of a capsid and (ii) relative biological stability of the viral particle in the acidic environment. A simple and rapid clarification of cell lysate toremove the bulk of proteins and DNA is accomplished by utilizing inexpensive off-the-shelf reagents such as sodium citrate and citric acid. After the low-speed centrifugation step, the supernatant is subjected to cation exchange chromatography via sulfopropyl (SP) column. The eluted virus may then be further concentrated by either centrifugal spin devices or tangential flow filtration yielding material of high titer and Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) grade biochemical purity. The protocol is validated for rAAV serotypes 2, 8, and 9. The described method makes rAAV vector technology readily available for the low budget research laboratories and could be easily adapted for a large scale GMP production format.
Mobility management in a wireless ATM LAN (2002)

This paper presents the mobility management and connection control aspects of a wireless ATM LAN. This is part of an ongoing research project to explore various aspects of wireless ATM networking to support multimedia PCS applications. The LAN combines positive aspects of connection-oriented and datagram communication schemes in its usage of the ATM VP/VC concept. In-sequence cell delivery and QoS guarantees are provided for on-demand connections without requiring any node-by-node configuration at the transit nodes. We describe the mobility management procedures of mobile tracking, mobile location, and active handoffs. We also describe the algorithms used to admit connections with or without QoS checking.
MOF-Based Catalysts for Selective Hydrogenolysis of Carbon–Oxygen Ether Bonds (2015)

We demonstrate that metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) can catalyze hydrogenolysis of aryl ether bonds under mild conditions. Mg-IRMOF-74(I) and Mg-IRMOF-74(II) are stable under reducing conditions and can cleave phenyl ethers containing β-O-4, α-O-4, and 4-O-5 linkages to the corresponding hydrocarbons and phenols. Reaction occurs at 10 bar H2 and 120 °C without added base. DFT-optimized structures and charge transfer analysis suggest that the MOF orients the substrate near Mg2+ ions on the pore walls. Ti and Ni doping further increase conversions to as high as 82% with 96% selectivity for hydrogenolysis versus ring hydrogenation. Repeated cycling induces no loss of activity, making this a promising route for mild aryl-ether bond scission.
Complex Events Recognition under Uncertainty in a Sensor Network (2014)

Automated extraction of semantic information from a network of sensors for cognitive analysis and human-like reasoning is a desired capability in future ground surveillance systems. We tackle the problem of complex decision making under uncertainty in network information environment, where lack of effective visual processing tools, incomplete domain knowledge frequently cause uncertainty in the visual primitives, leading to sub-optimal decisions. While state-of-the-art vision techniques exist in detecting visual entities (humans, vehicles and scene elements) in an image, a missing functionality is the ability to merge the information to reveal meaningful information for high level inference. In this work, we develop a probabilistic first order predicate logic(FOPL) based reasoning system for recognizing complex events in synchronized stream of videos, acquired from sensors with non-overlapping fields of view. We adopt Markov Logic Network(MLN) as a tool to model uncertainty in observations, and fuse information extracted from heterogeneous data in a probabilistically consistent way. MLN overcomes strong dependence on pure empirical learning by incorporating domain knowledge, in the form of user-defined rules and confidences associated with them. This work demonstrates that the MLN based decision control system can be made scalable to model statistical relations between a variety of entities and over long video sequences. Experiments with real-world data, under a variety of settings, illustrate the mathematical soundness and wide-ranging applicability of our approach.
Operation characteristics and degradation of organic electroluminescent devices (1998)

The degradation of the organic electroluminescent (EL) device is closely related to the physical and chemical stability of the organic thin films. Three important aspects are described: 1) an effect of glass transition temperature of hole transport materials on thermal stability of the device; 2) a role of interface layers at both the anode and cathode; and 3) an improvement of operation stability by doping technology. Considering the above points, an organic EL device was fabricated with a good operation performance: lifetime of longer than 3000 h at an initial luminance of 500 cd/m/sup 2/.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TELLURIUM FLUORIDE HYPOFLUORITE (TEF5OF) (1983)

Abstract Eine neue Synthesemethode für Hypofluorite, die von FOSO 2 F als Fluorierungsreagenz ausgeht, wird erfolgreich zur Darstellung des bislang als nichtexistent angesehenen TeF 5 OF in hohen Ausb. eingesetzt.
Multilayer Spheroids To Quantify Drug Uptake and Diffusion in 3D (2014)

There is a need for new quantitative in vitro models of drug uptake and diffusion to help assess drug toxicity/efficacy as well as new more predictive models for drug discovery. We report a three-dimensional (3D) multilayer spheroid model and a new algorithm to quantitatively study uptake and inward diffusion of fluorescent calcein via gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC). When incubated with calcein-AM, a substrate of the efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (Pgp), spheroids from a variety of cell types accumulated calcein over time. Accumulation decreased in spheroids overexpressing Pgp (HEK-MDR) and was increased in the presence of Pgp inhibitors (verapamil, loperamide, cyclosporin A). Inward diffusion of calcein was negligible in spheroids that lacked GJIC (OVCAR-3, SK-OV-3) and was reduced in the presence of an inhibitor of GJIC (carbenoxolone). In addition to inhibiting Pgp, verapamil and loperamide, but not cyclosporin A, inhibited inward diffusion of calcein, suggesting that they also inhibit GJIC. The dose response curves of verapamil's inhibition of Pgp and GJIC were similar (IC50: 8 μM). The method is amenable to many different cell types and may serve as a quantitative 3D model that more accurately replicates in vivo barriers to drug uptake and diffusion.
A Novel Two-way Multihop Relay Scheme Based on Decode-and-Forward and Network Coding (2020)

To improve the transmission performance of two-way wireless relay networks (TWRNs), the present paper proposes a novel transmission scheme based on the techniques of decode-and-forward (DF) and network coding (NC). To our best knowledge, the proposed scheme is the first known one that can support two end users in a TWRN with an arbitrary number of relays to exchange two data packets every three timeslots and can achieve a better spectrum efficiency than the existing schemes of the same style. Moreover, we also propose an error control scheme for each node in a TWRN to retransmit its erroneous data packets appropriately such that any transmission error will not be propagated throughout the whole TWRN. Numerical simulation also shows that the proposed schemes outperform the existing ones in terms of average transmission throughput.
Initial results of a simultaneous Stokes imaging polarimeter (2007)

We present the initial results of an imaging polarimeter operating at 632.8 nm that simultaneously analyzes four polarization states on a single detector array. In a single snap shot, the polarimeter has the ability to characterize the polarization of a scene by determining the complete Stokes vector. Images are processed to show Degree of Polarization (DOP), Degree of Linear Polarization (DOLP), Degree of Circular Polarization (DOCP), ellipticity and the angle of linear polarization. Our approach utilizes a monolithic analyzer that allows us to avoid issues usually associated with division of amplitude polarimeters such as jitter and tight tolerance requirements. We discuss our optical design, calibration procedure, and test data.
Advanced Method for Joint 3D Inversion of Multiple Geophysical Data Using Gramian Constraints (2016)

Summary One of the major challenges in interpretation of geophysical data remains the ability to jointly invert multiple geophysical datasets for self-consistent 3D earth models of different physical properties. In practical applications, the empirical or statistical correlations between different physical properties may exist, but their specific form may be unknown. In this situation one can use a method of joint inversion, which does not require a priori knowledge about specific empirical or statistical relationships between the different model parameters and/or their attributes. This approach to the joint inversion uses Gramian spaces of model parameters and Gramian constraints, computed as determinants of the corresponding Gram matrices of the multimodal model parameters and/or their attributes. This method has been shown to be a generalized method of joint inverting any number and combination of geophysical datasets, and includes extant methods based on correlations and/or structural constraints of the multiple physical properties as special cases. We apply the developed method to the joint inversion of the airborne magnetic and electromagnetic data from the Lac de Gras region of the Northwest Territories of Canada. This case study demonstrates how joint inversion using Gramian constraints may enhance subsurface imaging of the mineral targets.
TIME-GATED IMAGING WITH NONLINEAR OPTICAL RAMAN INTERACTIONS (1993)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. REINTJES, M. BASHKANSKY, M. D. DUNCAN, R. MAHON, L. L. TANKERSLEY, J. A. MOON, C. L. ADLER, and J. M. S. PREWITT, "TIME-GATED IMAGING WITH NONLINEAR OPTICAL RAMAN INTERACTIONS," Optics & Photonics News 4(10), 28-32 (1993) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Establishment of Human Epithelial Enteroids and Colonoids from Whole Tissue and Biopsy (2015)

The epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract is constantly renewed as it turns over. This process is triggered by the proliferation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and progeny that progressively migrate and differentiate toward the tip of the villi. These processes, essential for gastrointestinal homeostasis, have been extensively studied using multiple approaches. Ex vivo technologies, especially primary cell cultures have proven to be promising for understanding intestinal epithelial functions. A long-term primary culture system for mouse intestinal crypts has been established to generate 3-dimensional epithelial organoids. These epithelial structures contain crypt- and villus-like domains reminiscent of normal gut epithelium. Commonly, termed "enteroids" when derived from small intestine and "colonoids" when derived from colon, they are different from organoids that also contain mesenchyme tissue. Additionally, these enteroids/colonoids continuously produce all cell types found normally within the intestinal epithelium. This in vitro organ-like culture system is rapidly becoming the new gold standard for investigation of intestinal stem cell biology and epithelial cell physiology. This technology has been recently transferred to the study of human gut. The establishment of human derived epithelial enteroids and colonoids from small intestine and colon has been possible through the utilization of specific culture media that allow their growth and maintenance over time. Here, we describe a method to establish a small intestinal and colon crypt-derived system from human whole tissue or biopsies. We emphasize the culture modalities that are essential for the successful growth and maintenance of human enteroids and colonoids.
Transgene‐induced silencing of <i>S</i>‐locus genes and related genes in <i>Brassica</i> (1997)

The S ‐locus receptor kinase gene, SRK , and the S ‐locus glycoprotein gene, SLG , are required for the self‐incompatibility response in Brassica . A transgenic approach was used to investigate the function of these genes. Several chimeric genes predicted either to interfere with SRK function in self‐incompatible hosts and possibly generate loss‐of‐function mutants, or to complement a defective SRK in a self‐compatible host and possibly generate gain‐of‐function plants, were designed. The transgenes led to a dramatic reduction in the expression of endogenous S ‐locus and related genes, thus limiting the usefulness of transgenic approaches for the dissection of S ‐locus gene function in Brassica. Several features of this ‘homology‐dependent gene silencing’ are described, including its tissue‐specific nature, the lack of a direct correlation between the severity of silencing and the extent of sequence similarity shared by the silenced gene and the transgene, its association with increased cytosine methylation of silenced endogenous genes in at least some cases, and its persistence in transgenic progenies that do not inherit the transgene. Most significantly, silencing of S genes in self‐incompatible host plants results in the breakdown of self‐incompatibility in the stigma, whereas a 75% reduction in S gene transcripts in anthers does not affect pollen phenotype.
Susceptibility mutations in the mitochondrial small ribosomal RNA gene in aminoglycoside induced deafness (1995)

Aminoglycoside induced deafness has been linked recently to a predisposing homoplasmic mutation in the 3' end of the small ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene of the human mitochondria (1555 A-->G) that makes the mitochondrial rRNA structurally more similar to its bacterial counterpart. This mitochondrial DNA mutation was consistently found in families in which the susceptibility to develop ototoxic deafness was inherited through the maternal lineage. However, the 1555 A-->G mutation was rarely found in sporadic patients in China, where a significant proportion of the population has been exposed to aminoglycosides. To further characterize the mutations predisposing to aminoglycoside ototoxicity, we analysed the 12S rRNA gene in 35 Chinese sporadic patients without the 1555 A-->G mutation. Using single stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis, heteroduplex (HD) analysis, sequencing, and allele specific oligonucleotide hybridization, we found three out of 35 sporadic patients with unique sequence changes in the 12S rRNA gene. Two of the patients had homoplasmic mutations. One patient displayed localized heteroplasmy around nt 961, with an absence of the thymidine at this position and different populations of mitochondrial DNA with varying numbers of inserted cytosines. The description of these putative susceptibility mutations, in particular the heteroplasmic mutation around nt 961, provides further support for the important role of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA in genetic predisposition to aminoglycoside induced ototoxic deafness.
Design of a highly reliable fan with magnetic bearings (2015)

Bearing failures are, according to long-term analyses at ebm-papst St. Georgen GmbH & Co. KG, responsible for 90% of all compact fan breakdowns. The working life of a fan can be increased considerably by using a magnetically levitated fan, where the impeller has no contact with the stator. This paper presents the design of a low-cost magnetically levitated fan with passive magnetic bearings (PMBs) to stabilise radial and tilt deflections of the rotor. The application of an optimised viscoelastic support to the stator introduces sufficient damping to the passively stabilised degrees of freedom. The optimisation of the stiffness and damping and the design of the key components, namely the PMB, the active magnetic bearing and the passive damping device is discussed. Finally, the built prototype is presented and the measurement results are analysed.
Sparsity based super-resolution optical imaging using correlation information (2017)

Traditionally, spatial resolution in optical imaging is limited by diffraction. Although sub-wavelength information is absent in the measurements, state-of-the-art fluorescence based localization techniques such as PALM and STORM manage to achieve spatial resolution of tens of nano-meters, but with limited temporal resolution. A more recent technique super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging (SOFI) exploits the temporal statistical behavior of uncorrelated fluorescence emissions to practically improve the spatial resolution by a factor of two over the diffraction limit, but with considerably faster image capturing. Here we propose to exploit the sparse nature of the fluorophores distribution, combined with a statistical prior of uncorrelated emissions such as in SOFI to achieve spatial resolution comparable to PALM/STORM, while retaining the temporal resolution of SOFI. We demonstrate our method on simulations and show improved results over STORM and SOFI. Our method may facilitate super-resolution imaging and capturing of intra-cellular dynamics within living cells.
Phosphorylcholine‐Coated Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles as Rapid and Efficient Labeling Agents for In Vivo Cell Tracking (2014)

Despite the pressing need to noninvasively monitor transplanted cells in vivo with fluorescence imaging, desirable fluorescent agents with rapid labeling capability, durable brightness, and ideal biocompatibility remain lacking. Here, phosphorylcholine-coated near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPNs) are reported as a new class of rapid, efficient, and cytocompatible labeling nanoagents for in vivo cell tracking. The phosphorylcholine coating results in efficient and rapid endocytosis and allows the SPN to enter cells within 0.5 h in complete culture medium apparently independent of the cell type, while its NIR fluorescence leads to a tissue penetration depth of 0.5 cm. In comparison to quantum dots and Cy5.5, the SPN is tolerant to physiologically ubiquitous reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in durable fluorescence both in vitro and in vivo. These desirable physical and physiological properties of the SPN permit cell tracking of human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells in living mice at a lower limit of detection of 10 000 cells with no obvious alteration of cell phenotype after 12 d. SPNs thus can provide unique opportunities for optimizing cellular therapy and deciphering pathological processes as a cell tracking label.
Grating coupler acceptance design utilizing a tapered waveguide structure (1993)

A tapered waveguide film was deposited on a substrate with a grating structure resulting in a hybridthin-film waveguide coupler that could be designed for a broader or narrower acceptance for wavelength or incidence angle. The optimized couplers were designed and fabricated. The couplers were found to be as efficient as traditional grating couplers but with much broader acceptance. The maximum broadening was calculated to be a coupling FWHM of 2° (or 12 nm) and was confirmed experimentally. This is 4.3 times the acceptance of an identical untapered structure.
System Call-Based Detection of Malicious Processes (2015)

System call analysis is a behavioral malware detection technique that is popular due to its promising detection results and ease of implementation. This study describes a system that uses system call analysis to detect malware that evade traditional defenses. The system monitors executing processes to identify compromised hosts in production environments. Experimental results compare the effectiveness of multiple feature extraction strategies and detectors based on their detection accuracy at low false positive rates. Logistic regression and support vector machines consistently outperform log-likelihood ratio and signature detectors as processing and detection methods. A feature selection study indicates that a relatively small set of system call 3-grams provide detection accuracy comparable to that of more complex models. A case study indicates that the detection system performs well against a variety of malware samples, benign workloads, and host configurations.
The 3dB bandwidth of strain-compensated dilut-nitride quantum-well lasers (2004)

Above threshold frequency response measurements carried out on strain-compensated InGaAs and InGaAsN lasers with similar separate confinement heterostructures show a severe reduction in the laser relaxation frequency and damping due to the incorporation of nitrogen.
Some design considerations for solar-powered aircraft (1980)

Performance and operating characteristics are presented for a solar powered aircraft intended to remain aloft for long periods. The critical technologies which limit the performance are identified. By using the techniques presented, the effects of variation in the system parameters are studied. Practical design consideration are discussed.
Preparation and characterization of a composite palladium-ceramic membrane (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and characterization of a composite palladium-ceramic membraneJohn P. Collins and J. Douglas WayCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1993, 32, 12, 3006–3013Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00024a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00024a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1469Altmetric-Citations206LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Design of Flexible Lewis Acidic Sites in Porous Coordination Polymers by using the Viologen Moiety (2012)

Charged up: A novel porous coordination polymer with a charged organic surface (COS) comprising a zwitterionic organic linker, viologen, has been synthesized. The COS shows strong Lewis acidity accompanied with flexibility, and the isosteric heat of H2 adsorption is 9.5 kJ mol−1, which is comparable to that of open metal sites (OMSs).