gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Compact Wideband Dielectric Resonator Antenna With a Meandered Slot Ring and Cavity Backing (2015)

We design a compact cavity-backed antenna structure where a dielectric resonator (DR) element is surrounded by a meandered circular slot ring to enhance radiation efficiency. The DR for the antenna is cylindrical in shape, and four degenerate HE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11δ</sub> modes are excited and driven by four, quadrature-fed aperture-coupled slots. Such a compact implementation hybridizes operation of the DR with the miniaturized ring as well as the four aperture-coupled slots for circular polarization. Measured realized gain values are greater than 5 dBic from 1.14 to 1.55 GHz defining a bandwidth of more than 30%. In addition, the half-power and 3-dB axial-ratio beamwidths were measured to be more than 100 ° and 200 °, respectively. The proposed design technique to employ such a secondary meandered slot ring may also be useful to improve antenna gain, bandwidth, and efficiency for other antenna and array structures.
Site‐Specific N‐Terminal Labeling of Peptides and Proteins using Butelase 1 and Thiodepsipeptide (2015)

Abstract An efficient ligase with exquisite site‐specificity is highly desirable for protein modification. Recently, we discovered the fastest known ligase called butelase 1 from Clitoria ternatea for intramolecular cyclization. For intermolecular ligation, butelase 1 requires an excess amount of a substrate to suppress the reverse reaction, a feature similar to other ligases. Herein, we describe the use of thiodepsipeptide substrates with a thiol as a leaving group and an unacceptable nucleophile to render the butelase‐mediated ligation reactions irreversible and in high yields. Butelase 1 also accepted depsipeptides as substrates, but unlike a thiodesipeptide, the desipeptide ligation was partially reversible as butelase 1 can tolerate an alcohol group as a poor nucleophile. The thiodesipeptide method was successfully applied in N‐terminal labeling of ubiquitin and green fluorescent protein using substrates with or without a biotin group in high yields.
A Silicon and Aluminum Dynamic Memory Technology (1980)

The Silicon and Aluminum Metal Oxide Semiconductor (SAMOS) technology is presented as a high-yield, low-cost process to make one-device-cell random access memories. The characteristics of the process are a multilayer dielectric gate insulator (oxide-nitride), a p-type polysilicon field shield, and a doped oxide diffusion source. Added yield-enhancing features are backside ion implant gettering, dual dielectric insulators between metal layers, and circuit redundancy. A family of chips is produced using SAMOS, ranging from 18K bits to 64K bits. System features such as on-chip data registers are designed on some chips. The chip technology is merged with “flip-chip” packaging to provide one-inch-square modules from 72K bits through 512K bits, with typical access times from 90 ns to 300 ns.
Studies on mycoplasma infection of laying geese (1985)

Infertile eggs, dead embryos and tissues from laying geese (airsacs, peritoneum, oviduct, ovary, ova) were examined for presence of myco-plasmas. Forty-three of 110 eggs and the birds laying mycoplasma-containing eggs proved to be positive for mycoplasmas. One of the strains was used for experimental infection of laying geese. A reduction in egg production, an increased number of infertile eggs, egg transmission of mycoplasmas and loss of body weight of hatched goslings, were observed due to the mycoplasma infection.
Attract, retain and innovate: a workforce policy architecture adapted to modern conditions (2005)

Purpose Proposes the adoption of six strategic objectives around which to build a workforce policy architecture for the future. Design/methodology/approach Drawing from a review of the literature, this paper investigates a workforce policy response to emerging social and demographic trends, forecast workforce shortages, ongoing and rapid change, the growth in complexity and the changing nature of work. Findings A workforce model that supports organizational growth and development, characterised by attributes that are associated with knowledge society work is proposed. These include: trends that alter the balance of the social structure; social and human capital growth; lifelong learning; a policy emphasis on the self; workplace flexibility; and the development of an organizational identity as a preferred corporate employer. Practical implications The outcomes of this paper are significant for large Australian public sector organizations. Originality/value This paper provides an integrated workforce management framework for dealing with emergent trends. The findings in this paper are of value to Australian public sector human resource executives.
Diterpenoids of terrestrial origin (2016)

Covering January to December 2015. Previous review; Nat. Prod. Rep., 2015, 32, 1654-1663.This review covers the isolation and chemistry of diterpenoids from terrestrial as opposed to marine sources and includes labdanes, clerodanes, abietanes, pimaranes, kauranes, cembranes and their cyclization products. There are 214 references.
An implementation of a DNS-based malware detection system (2010)

Today’s wide usage of the Internet makes malicious software (malware) and botnets a big problem. While anti-virus software is commonplace today, malware is constantly evolving to remain undetected. Passively monitoring DNS traffic on a network can present a platform for detecting malware on multiple computers at a low cost and low complexity. To explore this avenue for detecting malware we decided it was necessary to design an extensible system where the framework was separate from the actual detection methods. We wanted to divide the system into three parts, one for logging, one for handling modules for detection and one for taking action against suspect traffic. The system we implemented in C collects DNS traffic and processes it with modules that are compiled separately and can be plugged in or out during runtime. Two proof of concept modules have been implemented. One based on a blacklist and one based on geolocation of requested servers. The system is complete to the point of being ready for field testing and implementation of more advanced detection modules.
Ultrasound Measurements of the Bile Ducts and Gallbladder (2014)

This study clarifies normal values and ranges for bile duct and gallbladder measurements, adjusted for demographic data, and evaluates these measurements in a variety of common pathologic states.
Taxi-Viewer: Around the Corner Taxis Are! (2010)

Taxi is an indispensable component of urban transportation system, which aims to provide a convenient and efficient means of transport. However, unlike bus service that has fixed station and schedule, to most taxi-seekers, the formula for catching a taxi at the nearest place with the shortest waiting time is experience plus luck, especially in peak hour or adverse weather conditions. In this demo paper, we present Taxi-Viewer, a service-oriented online system to help users pinpoint the hot spots where usually have more chances to catch a taxi, and keep users informed of the real-time location and trajectory of taxis in a given neighborhood. With the functions provided in the demo, taxi-seekers can reduce waiting time, and taxi operator can also benefit from the system to improve service quality and increase profit as well.
Noise considerations in field-effect biosensors (2006)

Field-effect sensors used to detect and identify biological species have been proposed as alternatives to other methods such as fluorescence deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) microarrays. Sensors fabricated using commercial complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology would enable low-cost and highly integrated biological detection systems. In this paper, the small-signal and noise modeling of biosensors implemented with electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor structures is studied, with emphasis on design guidelines for low-noise performance. In doing so, a modified form of the general charge sheet metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor model that better fits the electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor structure is used. It is discussed how if the reference electrode and the insulator-electrolyte generate no noise associated with charge transport, then the main noise mechanisms are the resistive losses of the electrolyte and the low-frequency noise of the field-effect transistor. It is also found that for realistic sensor geometries and high electrolyte concentrations, the noise from the field-effect transistor (FET) dominates the thermal noise from the electrolyte resistance, and the optimal biasing point for the FET for minimum noise is found to be around moderate inversion.
The Reconstruction of White Southern Womanhood, 1865-1895 (2004)

Gendered assessment: The postwar elite southern woman For decades historians have debated the extent to which the Civil War became a watershed for elite southern women. An earlier generation of historians led by Anne Firor Scott argued that the war provided a springboard from wh....
Inhibitory effects of unmethylated CpG oligodeoxynucleotides on MHC class I‐deficient and ‐proficient HPV16‐associated tumours (2005)

Unmethylated oligodeoxynucleotides containing guanine-cytidine dimers (CpG ODN) have been described as potent inducers of selected antitumour immune responses and the immunotherapeutic efficacy of CpG ODN has been examined either alone or as a vaccine adjuvant. We hypothesized that CpG ODN therapy could be an effective tool for immunotherapy of not only conventional MHC class I(+) tumours but also of those tumours that have lost MHC class I expression during their progression. To address this hypothesis, we employed the animal model resembling MHC class I-proficient and -deficient human papilloma virus (HPV) 16-associated tumours. A cell line transformed with HPV16 E6 and E7 oncogenes, TC-1, as a prototype of MHC class I-positive line, and its MHC class I-deficient sublines TC-1/A9 and TC-1/P3C10 were injected into syngeneic C57BL/6 mice and the growing tumours were subjected to immunotherapy with CpG ODN 1826. The therapy started either 1 day after the challenge with the tumour cells or later, when the tumours had reached a palpable size. In both settings, CpG ODN 1826 significantly reduced the growth of MHC class I-proficient and -deficient tumours. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CpG ODN 1585, whose mechanism of action preferably involves indirect activation of the natural killer cells, induced regression of the MHC class I-deficient tumours TC1/A9 but not of the MHC class I-proficient tumours TC-1. This study infers that synthetic CpG ODN have a potential for the therapy of both MHC class I-proficient and -deficient tumours and thus could be also used against tumours that tend to down-regulate their MHC class I expression.
Comparative Effects of Carcinogens on the Induction of Placental Glutathione <i>S</i>-Transferase-positive Liver Nodules in a Short-term Assay and of Hepatocellular Carcinomas in a Long-term Assay (1985)

The dose-dependent effects of three hepatocarcinogens were investigated by measuring the number and area of glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P)-positive foci and nodules appearing in the liver under short-term conditions (Experiment I) and evaluating the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma after long-term chronic administration (Experiment II). For these purposes, three different doses of 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF), 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (3'-Me-DAB), and DL-ethionine (ethionine) were given to male F344 rats for 6 weeks after a single injection of diethylnitrosamine (DENA) in Experiment I or for 104 weeks without initiation by DENA in Experiment II. In Experiment I, the induction of GST-P-positive foci and nodules by 2-AAF and 3'-Me-DAB was clearly dose-dependent. In contrast, ethionine showed enhancing effects inducing GST-P-positive foci and nodules only in groups given the highest dose level. Similarly, in Experiment II, induction of hepatocellular carcinomas by 2-AAF and 3'-Me-DAB was clearly dose-dependent, whereas liver neoplasms were only induced by the highest dose level of ethionine. These results indicate that degree of induction of GST-P positive foci and nodules in a short-term in vivo test for liver carcinogens corresponds with the incidences of hepatocellular carcinomas revealed in a long-term in vivo assay.
Gold nanosphere-antibody conjugates for hyperthermal therapeutic applications (2007)

Gold nanoparticles can be conjugated with antibodies or other proteins, and the resulting composite particles will selectively attach to various kinds of biological material. Although exploitation of this for staining microscopy specimens is well known, there has recently been interest in attaching gold nanoparticles tolive cells for therapeutic reasons. One motivation is that gold nanoparticles display a strong plasmon resonance with light, which can be exploited in principle for an ‘in vivo’ photothermal therapy. The treatment of cancer by this technique has recently received attention by others, but here we show how gold nanoparticlebased therapies can be developed to target live macrophage cells. We have employed ‘active targeting’, a scheme in which gold nanoparticles are functionalised with an antibody specific to the target macrophage cell. We describe how to prepare the conjugated particles, demonstrate that they will selectively attach ‘in vitro’ to their target macrophage cell but not to a non-target cell type and show that their presence renders the target cell susceptible to destruction by a low power laser.
Coexpression of Genetically Engineered 3-Ketoacyl-ACP Synthase III ( <i>fabH</i> ) and Polyhydroxyalkanoate Synthase ( <i>phaC</i> ) Genes Leads to Short-Chain-Length-Medium-Chain-Length Polyhydroxyalkanoate Copolymer Production from Glucose in <i>Escherichia coli</i> JM109 (2004)

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) can be divided into three main types based on the sizes of the monomers incorporated into the polymer. Short-chain-length (SCL) PHAs consist of monomer units of C3 to C5, medium-chain-length (MCL) PHAs consist of monomer units of C6 to C14, and SCL-MCL PHAs consist of monomers ranging in size from C4 to C14. Although previous studies using recombinant Escherichia coli have shown that either SCL or MCL PHA polymers could be produced from glucose, this study presents the first evidence that an SCL-MCL PHA copolymer can be made from glucose in recombinant E. coli. The 3-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase III gene (fabH) from E. coli was modified by saturation point mutagenesis at the codon encoding amino acid 87 of the FabH protein sequence, and the resulting plasmids were cotransformed with either the pAPAC plasmid, which harbors the Aeromonas caviae PHA synthase gene (phaC), or the pPPAC plasmid, which harbors the Pseudomonas sp. strain 61-3 PHA synthase gene (phaC1), and the abilities of these strains to accumulate PHA from glucose were assessed. It was found that overexpression of several of the mutant fabH genes enabled recombinant E. coli to induce the production of monomers of C4 to C10 and subsequently to produce unusual PHA copolymers containing SCL and MCL units. The results indicate that the composition of PHA copolymers may be controlled by the monomer-supplying enzyme and further reinforce the idea that fatty acid biosynthesis may be used to supply monomers for PHA production.
Single Amino Acid Mutations in Drosophila Fascin Disrupt Actin Bundling Function <i>in Vivo</i> (1996)

Fascins bundle actin filaments into large, tightly packed hexagonal arrays that support diverse cellular processes including microvillar projections and filopodial extensions. In Drosophila, fascin is encoded by the singed locus. Severe singed mutants have gnarled bristles and are female sterile due to a defect in rapid cytoplasm transport during oogenesis. In this paper, we report the results of a large EMS mutagenesis screen to generate new singed alleles. A mutation that changes glycine 409 to glutamic acid results in partial inactivation of fascin in vivo; singedG409E mutants have kinked bristles and are fertile with a mild nurse cell cytoplasm transport defect. This mutation is in a small conserved domain near the C-terminus of fascin. A mutation that changes serine 289 to asparagine almost completely inactivates fascin in vivo; singedS289N mutants have gnarled bristles and are sterile due to a severe defect in nurse cell cytoplasm transport caused by the absence of nurse cell cytoplasmic actin bundles. A subsequent EMS mutagenesis screen for dominant suppressors of singedS289N sterility revealed an intragenic suppressor mutation that changes serine 251 to phenylalanine and restores much of fascin's function. These two mutations, S289N and S251F, draw attention to a central domain in fascin.
Systematic search for the best gene expression markers for melanoma micrometastasis detection (2007)

Melanoma is notorious for its high tendency to metastasize and its refractoriness to treatment thereafter. Metastasis is believed to occur mostly through the lymphatic system, and the status of sentinel lymph nodes is currently recognized as the best prognostic indicator. Unfortunately, the lymphatic metastatic process is still poorly understood and the occurrence of sentinel node metastases (micrometastases) may be underestimated. We performed genome-wide gene expression analyses of melanoma lymph node micrometastases and macrometastases, and of primary melanomas and benign naevi, to characterize the early metastatic cells molecularly and to disclose the best diagnostic markers and rational targets for therapy. Significance analysis of microarrays identified 22 over- and five under-expressed genes with > or = four-fold changes in the micrometastases. Of these genes, MLANA, TYR, MIA, ERBB3, PRAME, and SPP1 were tested as potential markers by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. In a prospective study of 160 patients, our graded MLANA and TYR RT-PCR analyses disclosed clinically significant metastases, as assessed by disease recurrence, better than histological and immunohistochemical examinations. These results strongly suggest the clinical implementation of quantifiable RT-PCR assays to confirm and complement the pathological examination of sentinel node metastases. Furthermore, SPP1 and PRAME proved valuable as melanoma-specific markers capable of differentiating melanoma cells from benign naevi in the sentinel lymph nodes. Importantly, these two genes may also prove to be ideal targets for drug development and therapy. Most molecular traits of the micrometastases were already present in the primary tumours, suggesting that micrometastasis to sentinel lymph nodes is a fairly non-selective process.
Editorial (2007)

The aim of the WER is to provide authoritative and objective analysis and commentary on the Welsh economy, and regional economies in general, in a manner that promotes understanding and informs decision-making. The intended audience includes academics, economic development practitioners, policy-makers, and anyone with an interest in the Welsh economy and/or regional economics.
Nelfinavir, A Lead HIV Protease Inhibitor, Is a Broad-Spectrum, Anticancer Agent that Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Autophagy, and Apoptosis <i>In vitro</i> and <i>In vivo</i> (2007)

Nelfinavir is a lead HIV protease inhibitor with pleiotropic effects in cancer cells. Given its wide spectrum of activity, oral availability, and familiarity of administration, nelfinavir is a Food and Drug Administration-approved drug that could be repositioned as a cancer therapeutic.
Virtual organizing: using threads to coordinate distributed work (2003)

This paper explores the critical role of conversational threads in facilitating the ongoing, distributed work of one virtual organization. In studying the electronic mail exchanges of organizational members during one year, we found that they engaged in a range of threading activity to establish and maintain continuity, coherence, and coordination in their collaborative work over time. In particular, we found that organizational members relied on simple threads to focus their attention and action on a particular topic over a short period of time, concurrent threads to enable their participation in multiple topics at the same time, and compound threads to allow provisional settlement of key issues that were subsequently revisited over extended periods of time. We conclude by discussing the implications of conversational threads for research and practice of virtual organizing.
Binary sequence sets with favorable correlations from difference sets and MDS codes (1998)

We propose new families of pseudorandom binary sequences based on Hadamard difference sets and MDS codes. We obtain, for p=4k-1 prime and t an integer with 1/spl les/t/spl les/(p-1)/2, a set of p/sup t/ binary sequences of period p/sup 2/ whose peak correlation is bounded by 1+2t(p+1). The sequences are balanced, have high linear complexity, and are easily generated.
Development Towards a Novel Approach for Assessment of Corroded Pipe (2016)

This paper describes an initial feasibility effort completed in a Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Phase I project for DOT-PHMSA to develop a novel approach for the assessment of the remaining strength of corroded pipe. The goal was to assess what failure criterion might be for modern line-pipe steels (e.g., X80) compared to pre-1970 pipes that were used to validate the B31G and RSTRENG methodologies[1]. In the process, the methodology will be able to handle many situations that B31G cannot handle, i.e., high longitudinal stress, corrosion that is more circumferentially oriented than axially oriented, interactions of longitudinal and hoop stresses, and multiple adjacent corrosion patches without empirical criteria. For the assessment of improved failure criteria, two series of SENT specimens were tested with a systematic variation in the bluntness of the notch from sharp crack to large radii. This was done for a 1960 vintage X52 steel, and a modern X80 steel. The sensitivity to notch acuity was much lower in the modern X80 steel, but both steels had ductile fracture start before maximum load even with the bluntest flaw. To better assess the driving force, an automated meshing system was pursued, where field laser scans of corroded pipe surfaces were used to created detailed 3D FE meshes of the corrosion profile. One example case was used to assess all the nuances of creating the FE mesh in an automated system, which is quite complicated. The results were used to compare predictions for this case to B31G, Modified B31G, and RSTRENG predictions using the X80 steel pipe properties. In the process of these initial FE analyses, it was found that the assumption used in the B31G type analyses (including RSTRENG) used an equivalent flaw depth with the flaw actual length, whereas the more accurate procedure would be to use the maximum flaw depth with an equivalent length. The system if developed is intended to be Cloud-based on the Ohio State Supercomputer Center, so that anyone world-wide could conduct such FE analyses without having to have a license for the FE solver software or a supercomputer. Such a validated FE analysis would also a B31G Level 3 analysis.