gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Whirling-Beam Self-Tuning Vibration Absorber (2008)

Abstract A classic tuned vibration absorber (TVA) is a device that, when attached to a structure, will greatly reduce the motion of the attachment at a specific excitation frequency. When a fixed frequency input is present, a TVA can be manufactured for the specific frequency input. When the input frequency changes during the course of operation, then an active adaptive TVA can be used where sensors, signal conditioning, and power are provided so that the tuned frequency can be varied over some range. A self-tuning vibration absorber (STVA) is a device that uses energy from the vibrating structure to produce some physical motion that changes the tuned frequency of the device. Through proper design, the tuned frequency will change in the appropriate direction and then stop changing when the tuned frequency matches the input frequency. This paper addresses the physics of one realization of a STVA and shows both analytical and experimental results.
Review of Applications of Whispering-Gallery Mode Resonators in Photonics and Nonlinear Optics (2005)

We review recent advances in the application of dielectric whispering-gallery (WG) resonators in optics and photonics, tracing the growth of the technology from the experiments with freely flying spherical droplets of transparent liquids to integrated on-chip microresonators. Both passive (such as filters) and active (such as lasers) whispering-gallery-mode (WGM)-based devices are discussed. Problems and possible future developments in the field are outlined.
Pushing the Limits of 3D Color Printing (2015)

Accurate color reproduction is important in many applications of 3D printing, from design prototypes to 3D color copies or portraits. Although full color is available via other technologies, multi-jet printers have greater potential for graphical 3D printing, in terms of reproducing complex appearance properties. However, to date these printers cannot produce full color, and doing so poses substantial technical challenges, from the shear amount of data to the translucency of the available color materials. In this article, we propose an error diffusion halftoning approach to achieve full color with multi-jet printers, which operates on multiple isosurfaces or layers within the object. We propose a novel traversal algorithm for voxel surfaces, which allows the transfer of existing error diffusion algorithms from 2D printing. The resulting prints faithfully reproduce colors, color gradients and fine-scale details.
High flowability low furnace-pollution segregation-free iron based powder containing no metallic soap lubricant (2002)

A new type of segregation-free iron based powder containing only wax as a lubricant completely and free from metallic soap, CLEAN MIX (KWAX-C), has been developed to improve flowability and productivity in sintering process to lighten the burden in the maintenance of furnace. The flow rate of CLEAN MIX (KWAX-C) is almost equal to that of the conventional segregation-free iron based powder containing wax lubricant, CLEAN MIX (KWAX-A) and the index of flow blocking is smaller by 62%. The powder characteristics; such as compressibility, Rattler value and ejection force of CLEAN MIX (KWAX-C), and the mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, Charpy impact value and dimensional changes during sintering of the compact made of it, were almost equal to those of the conventional segregation-free iron based powder containing wax lubricant.
Integrated Drilling Dynamics System Closes the Model-Measure-Optimize Loop in Real Time (2003)

Abstract This paper presents a newly developed "intelligent" system designed to avoid resonance and to reduce vibrations. The system integrates real-time BHA dynamics software and realtime downhole vibration data to provide accurate modeling results and data analyses. Unlike conventional BHA dynamics software that is run for well planning or post-run analysis, this system uses real-time data (e.g., WOB, inclination, DLS) to produce real-time updates of critical rotary speeds. The updates are then displayed along with the rotary speed to show if the rotary speed is too close to one of the predicted critical rotary speeds. In addition, the modeling results can be compared with actual real-time downhole vibration data to corroborate the actual downhole condition. Field data have shown that the new system is effective in identifying the vibration mechanism and avoiding harmful vibrations.
Pseudorabies Virus Glycoprotein gI: in Vitro and in Vivo Analysis of Immunorelevant Epitopes (1990)

Overlapping fragments of the gene encoding glycoprotein gI of pseudorabies virus (PRV; herpesvirus suis 1) were expressed in bacteria. Using the fusion proteins and a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against gI as well as swine sera we found that the N-terminal part of gI (residues 33 to approximately 100) contains a highly antigenic and immunogenic domain. Transfer of antibodies binding to this region as well as vaccination with fusion proteins containing the N terminus of gI are able to confer protection to mice against a lethal challenge of virus. The results show that gI, which is non-essential for virus replication in tissue culture, can induce neutralizing and protective antibodies. The potential suitability of fusion proteins encompassing N-terminal parts of gI as diagnostic tools is demonstrated.
Synthesis of Cyclic Oligoesters and Their Rapid Polymerization to High Molecular Weight (2000)

We report advances for both synthesizing cyclic oligoesters and tailoring their physical properties to make ring-opening polymerization more practical for polyester manufacturing. Solution and suspension methods provide cyclic oligoesters rapidly with high yield and purity. Both methods can be adapted to continuous process operation using simple, inexpensive raw materials. Synthesis methodology influences the distribution of cyclic ring sizes. Nonequilibrium cyclic oligomer distributions produce variant crystal morphologies. Some kinetic cyclic oligoester mixtures have melting points remarkably reduced from those previously reported for the pure components. New mixed solvent syntheses, cyclic cooligomers, and ring-opening copolymerizations are demonstrated. The kinetics and efficiencies of cyclic oligoester polymerization to high molecular weight for homopolymer and copolymers are characterized. A new approach for a continuous, melt-phase ring-opening polymerization is demonstrated which avoids the high temperatures normally required to melt cyclic oligomers.
Interleaved Regression Tree Field Cascades for Blind Image Deconvolution (2015)

Image blur from camera shake is a common cause for poor image quality in digital photography, prompting a significant recent interest in image deblurring. The vast majority of work on blind deblurring splits the problem into two subsequent steps: First, the blur process (i.e., blur kernel) is estimated, then the image is restored given the estimated kernel using a non-blind deblurring algorithm. Recent work in non-blind deblurring has shown that discriminative approaches can have clear image quality and runtime benefits over typical generative formulations. In this paper, we propose a cascade for blind deblurring that alternates between kernel estimation and discriminative deblurring using regression tree fields (RTFs). We further contribute a new dataset of realistic image blur kernels from human camera shake, which we use to train the discriminative component. Extensive qualitative and quantitative experiments show a clear gain in image quality by interleaving kernel estimation and discriminative deblurring in an iterative cascade.
Modeling and Design of Traveling-Wave Quantum Well Waveguide Electron-Transfer Modulators (1995)

High-speed electrooptic modulators and switches are in demand for many applications including high-data-rate optical communication, analog microwave optical links, and optical time division demultiplexing. Semiconductor quantum well electroabsorption modulators can be made very compact, ~100 μm, which provides capacitance-limited electrical bandwidths as high as 40 GHz1 with drive voltages on the order of a few volts. On the other hand, semiconductor Pockels effect modulators in which the velocities of optical and electrical waves are well-matched can achieve even higher bandwidths2 but require larger drive voltages. It is therefore important to explore how the low-voltage advantage of semiconductor quantum wells might be combined with a velocity-matched traveling wave structure to produce a low-power consumption modulator with the capability to reach millimeter wave frequencies.
Parallel and Serial Composition of Model Programs (2007)

Model programs [1] are a useful formalism for software testing and design analysis. They are used in industrial tools [2] as a compact, expressive and precise way to specify complex behavior. An important property of model programs is their ability to be unwound into transition systems. The transitions produced by the unwinding have label terms that denote the action performed and the input or output data relevant to that action. Transition systems of this kind can be used in model-based testing, for runtime conformance checking of a system under test, and for design validation [1,3–5].
Modification of Disparity Vector Derivation from Neighbouring Blocks in 3D-HEVC (2014)

Recently, a test model for 3D video coding extension of HEVC (3D-HEVC) has been drafted. In the model, a disparity vector (DV) derived from neighbouring blocks (NBDV) is used in the inter-view motion prediction to exploit inter-view redundancy. The accuracy of the derived DV affects prediction efficiency. In the NBDV search process, however, the first available DV among candidate DVs is chosen. It may not always be accurate. In this paper, the NBDV search process is modified. Available DVs of each direction (temporal, spatial left, spatial above) are checked based on rate distortion optimization. Optimal DVs of three directions are stored in a candidate list. When the list is not full, DVs derived from motion compensation prediction are added to the list. NBDV is finally derived by median computation of candidate DVs. The proposed method can achieve average 22.9% encoder runtimes reduction with a slight increase in bitrate.
The electrically driven emulsion-phase contactor (1988)

The authors discuss an electrically driven, high surface area solvent extraction system. The system accomplished droplet formation, coalescence, and phase separation utilizing a single electric field while operating under counter-current flow conditions. The mass transport capability of this system has been analyzed by observing the transfer to acetic acid from water (dispersed phase) into methylisobutylketone. The emulsion phase contactor with 4 stages per inch one-performs laboratory scale versions of the York-Scheibel column by a factor of 16 and the Podbieniak centrifugal contactor by a factor of approximately 10.
Regulation of hTERT Expression and Function in Newly Immortalized p53(+) Human Mammary Epithelial Cell Lines (2007)

Abstract : Telomerase is reactivated in almost all human breast cancers; the immortal potential conferred by telomerase is thought to be crucial for malignant progression. Loss of telomeric protection usually leads to widespread genomic instability. This proposal is to study telomerase reactivation and telomere protection in newly immortalized human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC) that retain wild type p53 function, and to determine if these cells may be especially sensitive to therapies that target telomerase activity and telomere protection. Prior work showed that p53 can suppress most, but not all, telomerase expression in newly immortal p53+ HMEC lines until telomeres become extremely short, when an unknown mechanism (termed conversion) relieves this repression. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p57 may protect cells with these critically shortened telomeres by inhibiting growth until there is sufficient telomerase reactivation to protect the telomeric ends. Our current aims are: (1) Test whether the low telomerase activity, as well as the elevation of p57 expression seen in newly immortal p53+ HMEC, suppress the genomic instability seen prior to immortalization, and if inhibition of telomerase activity and p57 function might efficiently kill these cells. (2) Determine how p53 regulates telomerase activity in newly immortal HMEC lines.
Computationally efficient tone-mapping of high-bit-depth video in the YCbCr domain (2012)

High dynamic range (HDR) video content is able to provide superior picture quality. This is because the representation of HDR signals requires more bits than the 8-bit low dynamic range (LDR) video. Tone-mapping is the process that converts HDR to LDR signals. Most tone-mapping methods are derived only for the luminance component. This mapping function is then used in each of the R, G and B components to generate the LDR color image. This color tone mapping correction approach, however, cannot be directly applied to most videos since they are usually encoded in the YCbCr color space. This paper addresses this problem and proposes a tone-mapping method that is applied directly on the YCbCr signals. Experimental results show that the Cb and the Cr signals generated by our method are almost identical to those produced with the conventional pipeline up to round-off errors, with average PSNR at about 55 dB and average SSIM at 0.991. By avoiding all the round-off errors introduced in the conventional method, our approach provides a more accurate LDR picture. Moreover, the proposed solution has significantly lower complexity because it bypasses the processes such as color space transformation and up-sampling which are required by the conventional method.
Piezoelectric transducers using micromachined bulk piezo substrates (2008)

Micromachining of bulk piezoelectric substrates for fabrication of high frequency, broadband piezoelectric composite transducers is reported in this paper. A deep reactive ion etching process was developed for bulk PMN-PT single crystal etching with an aspect ratio of >8. A piezoelectric composite with a resonance of 75 MHz was fabricated and the electromechanical coupling coefficient was measured to be 0.67. A 75 MHz piezoelectric composite transducer was prototyped and pulse echo experiments showed that the transducer bandwidth is about 80 - 90% and the sensitivity was significantly improved (>10 dB gain) relative to a commercial 75 MHz transducer. The developed HF piezoelectric composite transducers hold promise for medical ultrasound imaging, ultrasound NDE, and other novel sensors for biological, medical and industrial process monitoring.
Investigation of Electrically Active Defects in n-CdS/p-CdTe Solar Cells (2011)

Current-voltage (J-V) and Capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements of diode devices at different temperatures and illumination intensities are used to provide valuable information about non-idealities in the pn semiconductor junction and metal-semiconductor junction. In principle, continuous monitoring of this information can be used to improve diode and solar cell performance. In this paper we characterize the n+p CdTe on CdS solar cell. The activation energy derived from the temperature dependence of our solar cell J-V curves is consistent with trap assisted tunneling being the dominant carrier transport mechanism in the pn junction. Interpretation is complicated in the particular case of thin-film CdTe, by multiple non-shallow (not fully ionized) "doping" energy levels in the CdTe band gap are in reality, which are not distinct from "trap" energy levels. We use C-V profiling to further understand the concentrations of recombination centers as well as the interplay of the double acceptor Cd vacancy and the non- shallow acceptor Cu substitute of Cd.
Direct Die Solder of GaAs Power Amplifier Dies and Application of Electrolessly Plated Nickel Barrier (2013)

A GaAs die is attached to a die attach pad on a printed circuit board usually by conductive epoxy or solder paste. Compared to epoxy die attach, direct die solder of GaAs dies onto lead frames have many advantages. Solder offers higher electrical and thermal conductivities, which are important for high power applications. Solder offers higher bonding strength, less die tilting, and less die rotation during die attach process. One of the problems associated with solder die attach is the intermetallic compounds formation between backside metallization of the GaAs die and the solder material. A barrier layer is needed to prevent the intermetallic compound formation at normal operating condition thus failure of the GaAs devices. Such a barrier must have lower electrical resistance, low stress, and must be compatible with current GaAs device manufacturing processes.
Synthesis of isocoumarins via thallation-olefination of benzoic acids (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of isocoumarins via thallation-olefination of benzoic acidsR. C. Larock, S. Varaprath, H. H. Lau, and C. A. FellowsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 18, 5274–5284Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00330a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00330a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1689Altmetric-Citations113LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Soft x-ray performance of high-resolution superconducting spectrometers. (1997)

We are developing high-resolution, broad-band, superconducting X-ray spectrometers for applications in materials science, astrophysics and biophysics. These spectrometers are superconducting microcalorimeters based on superconducting tunnel junction sensors made from thin films of niobium and aluminum. The energy resolution of these spectrometers can be more than an order of magnitude better than that of the best Si(Li) or Ge(Li) detectors. We present results of recent measurements characterizing the performance of these detectors for X-ray energies from 70 eV to 500 eV, where the energy resolution ranged from 4 eV FWHM (at 70 eV) to 12 eV FWHM (at 500 eV).
Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices Arranged in Pyramid Shaped Arrays (2014)

We explore SQUID array designs that could be beneficial in a robust 3-D structure involving several substrates and find a design for which there may be some advantages in linearity and dynamic range. Traditional substrates are square in shape, for a 3-D structure three squares would need to be attached together to create a structure with three sides of a cube. We explored how we would arrange an array of SQUIDs on this structure if the substrates were cut into triangles. This would result in a three-sided pyramid (or tetrahedron) shape. The arrays have a feed line at the top entering a single SQUID (or small array) and the number of SQUIDs (small arrays) increased in number each row and a decreasing critical current. We simulated the effects of varying the critical currents and SQUID loop sizes on the average response output and determined that for arrays of 21 10 × 10 bi-SQUIDs have a more linear anti-peak and larger voltage swing than a comparable size 35 × 60 array.
Injectable Nano-Network for Glucose-Mediated Insulin Delivery (2013)

Diabetes mellitus, a disorder of glucose regulation, is a global burden affecting 366 million people across the world. An artificial "closed-loop" system able to mimic pancreas activity and release insulin in response to glucose level changes has the potential to improve patient compliance and health. Herein we develop a glucose-mediated release strategy for the self-regulated delivery of insulin using an injectable and acid-degradable polymeric network. Formed by electrostatic interaction between oppositely charged dextran nanoparticles loaded with insulin and glucose-specific enzymes, the nanocomposite-based porous architecture can be dissociated and subsequently release insulin in a hyperglycemic state through the catalytic conversion of glucose into gluconic acid. In vitro insulin release can be modulated in a pulsatile profile in response to glucose concentrations. In vivo studies validated that these formulations provided improved glucose control in type 1 diabetic mice subcutaneously administered with a degradable nano-network. A single injection of the developed nano-network facilitated stabilization of the blood glucose levels in the normoglycemic state (<200 mg/dL) for up to 10 days.
Synthesis and pharmacological properties of derivatives of pyrrolo(3,4-d)pyrimidines and pyrrolo(3,4-b)pyridines (I). (1976)

The synthesis of variously substituted pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines and pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridines is reported. Some of the compounds act as reducers of the carrageenin edema in the rat and as inhibitors of prostaglandin biosynthesis in a microsomal preparation of bovine seminal vesicles.
A bit-parallel search algorithm for allocating free space (2002)

File systems that allocate data contiguously often use bitmaps to represent and manage free space. Increases in the size of storage to be managed creates a need for efficient algorithms for searching these bitmaps. We present an algorithm that exploits bit-parallelism, examining all bits within a processor word at the same time, to improve search performance. Measurements of our implementation show that these techniques lead to a 14 times increase in the rate at which bitmap pages can be searched on a 64-bit processor. Trace-driven experiments indicate that overall allocation performance increases by a factor of 3 to 6 on a 32-bit processor. As processors mature, registers become wider and the degree of bit-level parallelism increases, which makes the performance improvements of our search algorithm more substantial.
Comparative study of novel micromachined accelerometers employing MIDOS (1999)

In this paper the fabrication and characterization of a novel implementation of micromachined accelerometers is reported. The accelerometers employ a new sensing technique, the modulated integrative differential optical sensing (MIDOS), to sense the output displacements of their proof-mass. The fabrication process of the hybrid device, which consists a bulk micromachined mechanical part attached by indium bumps to a CMOS chip containing photodetectors and readout electronics, is presented. Several prototypes were fabricated and characterized. The differences between the prototypes are discussed in detail as well as the comparison between their measured characteristics (noise equivalent acceleration (NEA), bandwidth and linearity). The prototypes have demonstrated NEA ranging from 70 [/spl mu/g//spl radic/Hz] to 1 [mg//spl radic/Hz] with bandwidth of 1 kHz to 4 kHz, respectively.