gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Signatures of live fingers extracted from a series of fingerprint images (2005)

Life recognition is desired for unattended fingerprint identification. We look at the color changes in a series of fingerprint images acquired during the course of an input action. As we press a finger upon an input device, a fingerprint area gradually increases and its color changes. This is due to the blood movements induced by a finger deformation. For example, we can declare a finger is alive if its color change exceeds a certain value. However, the color changes in the images acquired by a conventional device using a prism are very small. This is because the light reflected by the valley regions of a finger carries little information about the blood movements. We tried a fingerprint sensor based on scattered light detection. Here, a plastic plate serves as a light-guide for LEDs mounted on its edge. When a finger is pressed against the plate, the propagating light is scattered by the finger and leaks out of the plate. A standard color CCD camera placed near the plate captures the scattered light. Data extracted from more than ten people of different age groups indicate that there is a certain minimum value for the color changes.
The TrustedFlow/spl trade/ protocol - idiosyncratic signatures for authenticated execution (2004)

We present a software solution to the problem of remotely authenticating software during execution, which aims at assuring that the software is not changed prior to and during execution. The solution is based on a flow of idiosyncratic signatures that is generated by a function hidden in the software to be authenticated and validated by a remote computing component. The TrustedFlow/spl trade/ approach is complementary to many current enhancements for secure computing and networking: while other approaches provide privacy and authentication protecting from the attacks of a man in the middle, TrustedFlow/spl trade/ protects from the attack of a man at the edge.
Evolution of advanced geopolymeric cementitious material via a novel process (2016)

A novel process for making advanced geopolymeric cementitious materials has been developed and patented in India and the USA. The novel process was conceptualised using the principles of solid-state chemistry. The process involves mechano-chemical reactions between fly ash and sodium hydroxide in the dry state. The dry solid powder thus obtained can then be used for the preparation of advanced geopolymeric material by just the addition of water. The process overcomes some of the drawbacks of the conventional manufacture of geopolymeric materials, and especially obviates the need to handle highly alkaline solution and the requirement of sodium silicate as this is synthesised in situ in the developed process. The advanced geopolymeric material thus produced was characterised using x-ray diffraction analysis, infrared spectral studies and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that even the dry powder material contained all the necessary mineral phases found in conventional geopolymeric materials. The developed advanced geopolymeric material was tested for mechanical strength as per the relevant Indian standard and was found to possess compressive strength 28·5% higher than that of conventional geopolymeric materials.
Synchronization for MIMO OFDM systems (2002)

This paper proposes a time and frequency synchronization technique for a Q transmit and L receive (Q/spl times/L), MIMO OFDM system. The synchronization is achieved using training symbols which are simultaneously transmitted from Q transmit antennas. The training symbols are directly modulatable orthogonal polyphase sequences. The synchronization algorithm shows satisfactory performance even at a low SNR and in a frequency selective channel. The training sequence structure is specialized such that channel parameters in terms of channel coefficients and noise variance can be estimated once synchronization is achieved.
A common haplotype of the annexin A5 (ANXA5) gene promoter is associated with recurrent pregnancy loss (2007)

We sought to verify whether variation in the promoter of the gene encoding placental anticoagulant protein annexin A5 (ANXA5) represents a risk factor for recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Sequence analysis of 70 German RPL patients, all known to carry neither factor V Leiden nor a prothrombin mutation, revealed four consecutive nucleotide substitutions in the ANXA5 promoter, which were transmitted as a joint haplotype (M2). Reporter gene assays revealed that M2 reduces the in vitro activity of the ANXA5 promoter to 37-42% of the normal level. The possible relationship between M2 and RPL was evaluated by comparing RPL patients with two independent control groups recruited from the registry of the Institut für Humangenetik in Münster and the PopGen biobank in Kiel, respectively. Carriers of M2 were found to exhibit a > 2-fold higher RPL risk than non-carriers (odds ratio, 2.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.27-4.58) when using unselected controls (PopGen) and an almost 4-fold higher risk when using the Münster 'super-controls', i.e. women with successful pregnancies and no previous history of pregnancy losses (odds ratio, 3.88; 95% confidence interval, 1.98-7.54). This statistically significant association should facilitate the development of improved prognostic algorithms for RPL, involving a more precise assessment of individual disease risks, and provide a guide to offering adequate therapies where relevant.
Antibodies to Th/To ribonucleoprotein in patients with localized scleroderma (2001)

Anti-Th/To is one of the serological abnormalities in localized scleroderma, and the presence of anti-Th/To may be a serological indicator of a mild form of cutaneous involvement.
Computational Investigation and Experimental Realization of Disordered High-Capacity Li-Ion Cathodes Based on Ni Redox (2019)

In cation-disordered rocksalt Li-ion cathode materials, an excess of Li with respect to the transition metal content is necessary for the creation of percolating pathways for Li transport. Because of the lower amount of redox-active transition metal, a substantial part of the charge transfer must occur via less reversible oxygen redox. Fluorination can be used to minimize this dependence on oxygen redox by increasing the amount of low-valent transition metal in the compound, but it adds complexity to materials design. Here, we investigate the feasibility of using computationally constructed phase diagrams to facilitate the search for optimal oxyfluorides. We use the phase diagram of LiF–Li3NbO4–NiO to identify Li1.13Ni0.57Nb0.3O1.75F0.25 and Li1.19Ni0.59Nb0.22O1.46F0.54 as two promising compositions and demonstrate that they can be successfully synthesized. These compounds exhibit significantly reduced hysteresis and higher energy density than the previously reported Li1.3Ni0.27Nb0.43O2 compound in this space. Although we generally attribute the improved performance to the increased Ni content enabled by fluorination, a more nuanced relation between fluorination and the cycling behavior is revealed through electrochemical tests, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and density functional theory. We find that fluorination increases the voltage, improves cycle life, but reduces the accessibility of Ni redox. Consideration of these effects will facilitate the future design of optimized disordered-rocksalt oxyfluoride cathodes.
Aminothiazole Derivatives as Neuropeptide Y5 Receptor Ligands: Finding the Balance between Affinity and Physicochemical Properties (2005)

Potential appetite control: A straightforward parallel solution-phase synthesis of novel thiazole derivatives with varying linker moieties gave access to a set of compounds 1. Assessments of artificial membrane permeability and solubility show that some members of this compound class may be suitable antagonists for the neuropeptide Y5 receptor, which is involved in the stimulation of food intake.
Paper No 6.4: Full‐Color Field‐Sequential Color Display Based on Electrically Suppressed Helix FLC (2013)

Abstract In this report, we disclose the full color field sequential color (FSC) display based on electrically suppressed helix ferroelectric liquid crystals (ESHFLC). The ESHFLC mode is characterized shows high contrast, fast response time, and good shock stability. The strong constraints on anchoring energy for ESHFLC have been achieved by photoalignment of azo dye (SD1). The fast response time of 10 μs at the electric field of 6.5 V/μm gives us an opportunity to use them for 3D display as well. The proposed FSC display is characterized by 8 bit gray level, frame frequency more than 240‐Hz wide viewing angle and color triangle (130% of NTSC).
Novel Slurry Injection System for Improved Slurry Flow and Reduced Defects in CMP (2014)

In commercial CMP tools, slurry is applied near the pad center. As the pad rotates, more than 95% of the fresh slurry flows directly off the surface due to bow wave formation and inertial forces without ever entering the pad-wafer interface, resulting in low slurry utilization [1]. Furthermore, some slurry that manages to go under the wafer stays on the pad, mixes with fresh slurry and re-enters the pad-wafer interface. This used slurry contains reaction products, foam and pad debris (due to pad conditioning) that cause wafer-level defects [2]. Such defect-causing by-products keep recirculating on the pad during polishing and accumulate near the retaining ring over time. Also, since large amounts of DI water are used between wafer polishes to rinse off the debris and reaction products, appreciable amounts of water may stay on the pad and inside the grooves. When fresh slurry is introduced to polish the next wafer, it mixes with the residual water and is diluted, resulting in lower material removal. As such, the current slurry application method does not provide efficient slurry utilization and leaves significant room for improving defect levels. Moreover, the constant sweeping of the conditioner arm during in-situ conditioning results in uneven slurry distribution and introduces additional challenges when it comes to carrier multi-zone pressure control for reduced within-wafer removal rate non-uniformity.
A novel fluorescence-based assay for the rapid detection and quantification of cellular deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (2011)

Current methods for measuring deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) employ reagent and labor-intensive assays utilizing radioisotopes in DNA polymerase-based assays and/or chromatography-based approaches. We have developed a rapid and sensitive 96-well fluorescence-based assay to quantify cellular dNTPs utilizing a standard real-time PCR thermocycler. This assay relies on the principle that incorporation of a limiting dNTP is required for primer-extension and Taq polymerase-mediated 5-3' exonuclease hydrolysis of a dual-quenched fluorophore-labeled probe resulting in fluorescence. The concentration of limiting dNTP is directly proportional to the fluorescence generated. The assay demonstrated excellent linearity (R(2) > 0.99) and can be modified to detect between ∼0.5 and 100 pmol of dNTP. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) for all dNTPs were defined as <0.77 and <1.3 pmol, respectively. The intra-assay and inter-assay variation coefficients were determined to be <4.6% and <10%, respectively with an accuracy of 100 ± 15% for all dNTPs. The assay quantified intracellular dNTPs with similar results obtained from a validated LC-MS/MS approach and successfully measured quantitative differences in dNTP pools in human cancer cells treated with inhibitors of thymidylate metabolism. This assay has important application in research that investigates the influence of pathological conditions or pharmacological agents on dNTP biosynthesis and regulation.
Phospholipid asymmetry in large unilamellar vesicles induced by transmembrane pH gradients (1989)

The influence of membrane pH gradients on the transbilayer distribution of some common phospholipids has been investigated. We demonstrate that the transbilayer equilibrium of the acidic phospholipids egg phosphatidylglycerol (EPG) and egg phosphatidic acid (EPA) can be manipulated by membrane proton gradients, whereas phosphatidylethanolamine, a zwitterionic phospholipid, remains equally distributed between the inner and outer monolayers of large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs). Asymmetry of EPG is examined in detail and demonstrated by employing three independent techniques: ion-exchange chromatography, 13C NMR, and periodic acid oxidation of the (exterior) EPG headgroup. In the absence of a transmembrane pH gradient (delta pH) EPG is equally distributed between the outer and inner monolayers of LUVs. When vesicles composed of either egg phosphatidylcholine (EPC) or DOPC together with 5 mol % EPG are prepared with a transmembrane delta pH (inside basic, outside acidic), EPG equilibrates across the bilayer until 80-90% of the EPG is located in the inner monolayer. Reversing the pH gradient (inside acidic, outside basic) results in the opposite asymmetry. The rate at which EPG equilibrates across the membrane is temperature dependent. These observations are consistent with a mechanism in which the protonated (neutral) species of EPG is able to traverse the bilayer. Under these circumstances EPG would be expected to equilibrate across the bilayer in a manner that reflects the transmembrane proton gradient. A similar mechanism has been demonstrated to apply to simple lipids that exhibit weak acid or base characteristics [Hope, M. J., & Cullis, P. R. (1987) J. Biol. Chem 262, 4360-4366]
A versatile platform technology for recombinant vaccines using non-propagative human parainfluenza virus type 2 vector (2019)

Ectopic protein with proper steric structure was efficiently loaded onto the envelope of the F gene-defective BC-PIV vector derived from human parainfluenza virus type 2 (hPIV2) by a reverse genetics method of recombinant virus production. Further, ectopic antigenic peptide was successfully loaded either outside, inside, or at both sides of the envelope of the vector. The BC-PIV vector harboring the Ebola virus GP gene was able to elicit neutralizing antibodies in mice. In addition, BC-PIV with antigenic epitopes of both melanoma gp100 and WT1 tumor antigen induced a CD8+ T-cell-mediated response in tumor-transplanted syngeneic mice. Considering the low pathogenicity and recurrent infections of parental hPIV2, BC-PIV can be used as a versatile vector with high safety for recombinant vaccine development, addressing unmet medical needs.
Design of Retroviral Vectors for the Insertion of Foreign Deoxyribonucleic Acid Sequences into the Avian Germ Line (1986)

Because the available avian leukosis viral (ALV) vectors are moderately oncogenic in vivo, they are not suitable for insertion into the germ line. A significant reduction in the oncogenicity of the ALV vectors can be achieved by substituting the noncoding long terminal repeats (LTR) regions of the ALV virus with the LTR of the nononcogenic endogenous RAV-O virus. There is good evidence that the resulting RAV-O LTR vectors can be inserted into the germ line of domestic chickens and have the potential for inserting cloned sequences that can be used for poultry improvement.
New Whitening Constituents from Taiwan-Native Pyracantha koidzumii: Structures and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Analysis in Human Epidermal Melanocytes (2015)

Nontoxic natural products useful in skin care cosmetics are of considerable interest. Tyrosinase is a rate-limiting enzyme for which its inhibitor is useful in developing whitening cosmetics. Pyracantha koidzumii (Hayata) Rehder is an endemic species in Taiwan that exhibits tyrosinase-inhibitory activity. To find new active natural compounds from P. koidzumii, we performed bioguided isolation and studied the related activity in human epidermal melanocytes. In total, 13 compounds were identified from P. koidzumii in the present study, including two new compounds, 3,6-dihydroxy-2,4-dimethoxy-dibenzofuran (9) and 3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxybiphenyl-2'-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (13), as well as 11 known compounds. The new compound 13 exhibited maximum potency in inhibiting cellular tyrosinase activity, the protein expression of cellular tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-2, as well as the mRNA expression of Paired box 3 and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor in a concentration-dependent manner. In the enzyme kinetic assay, the new compound 13 acted as an uncompetitive mixed-type inhibitor against the substrate l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine and had a Km value against this substrate of 0.262 mM, as calculated using the Lineweaver-Burk plots. Taken together, our findings show compound 13 exhibits tyrosinase inhibition in human melanocytes and compound 13 may be a potential candidate for use in cosmetics.
Receptor (Immunophilin-Bhiding) Assay for Immunosuppressive Drugs (1995)

The major immunophilins that bind cyclosporine (cyclophilin) and FK-506/rapamycin (FK-BP12) have been well characterized. They possess rotamase activity, which is inhibited by the immunosuppressant that binds to them. The immunosuppressive action does not appear to be coupled to rotamase activity. The literature on some possible mechanisms of immunosuppression is reviewed. Minor immunophilins of 14, 37, and 52 kDa have also been isolated and partially characterized. The 14-kDa immunophilin binds FK-506 and rapamycin whereas the 52-kDa immunophilin binds all three drugs. Neither of these proteins have rotamase activity. Receptor assays employing immunophilins have been developed. Preliminary results are encouraging indicating that they may possess some advantages over current immunoassay procedures.
UK-63,052 complex, new quinomycin antibiotics from Streptomyces braegensis subsp. japonicus; Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, characterisation and antimicrobial activity. (1989)

UK-63,052 complex, a new group of quinomycin-like antibiotics comprising UK-63,052 (factor A), UK-63,598 (factor C), UK-65,662 (factor B) and several uncharacterised minor components, is produced by a new subspecies of the genus Streptomyces for which the name Streptomyces braegensis Dietz subsp. japonicus, is proposed. The strain, N617-29, is characterised by a negative melanin reaction, grey aerial mycelium, spiral spore chains and smooth or slightly warty spores. Structure determination has identified UK-63,052, C56H68N10O14S2, UK-63,598, C53H62N10O14S2 and UK-65,662, C55H66N10O14S2 as quinaldic acid substituted quinomycins with unusual bridgehead sulfur substitution as shown in Fig. 3.
Implementing Performance Competitive Logical Recovery (2011)

New hardware platforms, e.g. cloud, multi-core, etc., have led to a reconsideration of database system architecture. Our Deuteronomy project separates transactional functionality from data management functionality, enabling a flexible response to exploiting new platforms. This separation requires, however, that recovery is described logically. In this paper, we extend current recovery methods to work in this logical setting. While this is straightforward in principle, performance is an issue. We show how ARIES style recovery optimizations can work for logical recovery where page information is not captured on the log. In side-by-side performance experiments using a common log, we compare logical recovery with a state-of-the art ARIES style recovery implementation and show that logical redo performance can be competitive.
Role of SAPO-18 Acidity in Direct Syngas Conversion to Light Olefins (2020)

The metal oxide-zeolite (OX-ZEO) bifunctional catalyst concept has aroused wide interest recently for direct syngas conversion. However, the mechanism of product selectivity control is far from being understood. Herein, we studied the role of acidity on the product selectivity by taking SAPO-18 as an example and physically mixing it with ZnCrOx because its Si/Al ratio can be varied in a relatively wide range. The results demonstrate a strong dependence of the product selectivity on the Si/Al ratio. Light olefin selectivity reaches as high as 81.6% with CO conversion 35.5% at Si/Al ratio = 0.011. A higher Si/Al ratio gives a stronger acid strength and higher acid density, which leads to a reduced ratio of olefins/paraffins (O/P) and an increased C3/C2 ratio in the products. This could be attributed to the enhanced secondary reactions of ethylene under a H2-rich atmosphere of syngas conversion. Therefore, it is essential to control the acid strength and density of SAPO-18 in order to achieve selective synthesis of light olefins.
Automated statistics collection in action (2005)

If presented with inaccurate statistics, even the most sophisticated query optimizers make mistakes. They may wrongly estimate the output cardinality of a certain operation and thus make sub-optimal plan choices based on that cardinality. Maintaining accurate statistics is hard, both because each table may need a specifically parameterized set of statistics and because statistics get outdated as the database changes. Automated Statistic Collection (ASC) is a new component in IBM DB2 UDB that, without any DBA intervention, observes and analyzes the effects of faulty statistics and, in response, it triggers actions that continuously repair the latter. In this demonstration, we will show how ASC works to alleviate the DBA from the task of maintaining fresh, accurate statistics in several challenging scenarios. ASC is able to reconfigure the statistics collection parameters (e.g, number of frequent values for a column, or correlations between certain column pairs) on a per-table basis. ASC can also detect and guard against outdated statistics caused by high updates/inserts/deletes rates in volatile, dynamic databases. We will also show how ASC works from the inside: from how cardinality mis-estimations are introduced in different kind of operators, to how this error is propagated to later operations in the plan, to how this influences plan choices inside the optimizer.
A novel frame level orthogonal code hopping multiplexing scheme (2005)

A new frame level orthogonal code hopping multiplexing (FrOCHM) scheme is proposed to statistically multiplex bursty data user traffic in downlink. The FrOCHM scheme solves the channel inefficiency problem arising in conventional CDMA systems. Moreover, combining both a scheduling-based multiplexing scheme and our previously proposed orthogonal code hopping multiplexing (OCHM) scheme, the FrOCHM mitigates the complexity of the scheduling-based multiplexing scheme and does not need additional E/sub b//N/sub 0/ required in the OCHM scheme. Simulation results show that the FrOCHM can support 251 mobile stations, while the scheduling-based multiplexing scheme supports 136 mobile stations when the user activity is 0.05 and the data rate is 64 kbps.