gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of an In-Tank Tuning Fork Resonator for Automated Viscosity/Density Measurements of Drilling Fluids (2021)

Maintaining the viscosity and density of drilling fluids within their optimal performance margins is of utmost importance in running a safe and efficient operation when drilling oil and gas wells. Safety and efficiency may be adversely affected by current measurement practices of these two key properties as they still mostly rely on onsite personnel to carry out periodic manual measurements. These laborious measurement protocols limit the quantity and quality of the produced data. Here we describe an automated system for viscosity/density measurements of drilling fluids based on a tuning fork electromechanical resonator. The resonator works as the frequency-defining element of an oscillator circuit, and a digital gain control algorithm is used to control the feedback loop and actuate the device. The self-oscillating circuit allows the measurement to be repeated several times per second, enabling higher measurement precision and real-time monitoring in changing flows. The resonator was integrated into an in-tank system, which performed continuous measurements at the suction tank of the mud circulating system during drilling operations. Measurements in three different wells are presented. The results were in very good agreement with manual measurements reported from standard mud reports and further highlighted opportunities in detecting operational problems from the real-time data streams obtained.
Neuro-Fuzzy Methods in Finance Applied to the German Stock Index DAX (1998)

We present an extended neuro-fuzzy system, combined with a semantic-preserving backpropagation-based learning algorithm, which makes effective use of prior knowledge and of historical data. After the network is initialized with a set of rules, the learning algorithm optimize the rule base without destroying the initial semantic. Due to a sparse initial network structure the effective number of parameters is small which prevents the network from overfitting. Our extended architecture enables us not only to change the shape and the position of the membership functions but also to apply typical pruning algorithms to delete or insert single premises. With insertion of premises, the rule base is improved by creation of new rules. Deletion of premises leads to a further reduction of the system complexity. Both strategies have a positive effect on the generalization performance. These methods are implemented in the software enviroment for neural networks SENN of Siemens Nixdorf Advanced Technologies. We have tested the neuro-fuzzy approach on two financial series. Here we present the encouraging results on the task to predict daily returns of the German Stock Index DAX.
Estimation of high voltage insulator contamination using a combined image processing and artificial neural networks (2014)

In this paper, contamination level estimation tool for high voltage insulators has been developed. A digital camera has been used to capture pictures. Image processing has been used to extract needed features form the captured images. Two types of features were considered. The first is “histogram based statistical feature” while the second is “singular value decomposition theorem based linear algebraic feature”. Using extracted features, a neural network has been successfully designed to correlate the insulator captured image and the contamination level. Testing of the developed estimation tool showed a very high successful rate in estimating the contamination level of unseen insulators. It is expected that a successful deployment of the developed tool will eliminate the need of human intervention in determining the time and location of insulators to be washed.
Human Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials Induced by High-Frequency Polychromatic Flickering Stimuli (2012)

IGHT EMITTING DIODES (LEDS) become increasingly popular as energy efficient light sources. Their bright and sharp light pulses also hold the promise to be effective stimuli of visual evoked potentials. By mixing flickering red/green/blue (RGB) lights of different intensity like what the LCD panels with LED backlights have been doing, one can embed invisible VEP stimuli into color displays and use those stimuli for various brain-computer interface (BCI) applications. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of inducing steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEPs) using polychromatic LED lights flickering above the critical flicker fusion and color fusion frequencies of human vision. Jiang et al. showed that polychromatic lights flickering above human color/flicker fusion frequencies can activate distinct visual cortical areas observable using fMRI [1]. This study performed a parallel experiment to compare the SSVEP responses induced by the same combination of red and green lights. Leveraging on high temporal resolution of EEG signals, this study compared the SSVEP responses towards red/green stimuli with different duty cycles (20%, 50%) and relative phases (0°, 90°, 180°). The same equipment and darkened shielded room for our other experiments [2] were used, but two LED stroboscopes were employed to produce red and green light pulses at identical frequencies but different intensity of 51cd/m2 and 102cd/m2 respectively. Nine healthy subjects (7 male and 2 female) participated in this experiment. Their 64-channel EEG signals were analyzed using fast Fourier transform (FFT) and canonical correlation analysis (CCA) techniques. Subjects also reported their flickering perception in a 1–5 progressive scale. Figure 1 displays the boxplots of (a) the signal-to-noise ratios of SSVEP
Compound Library Screening Identified Cardiac Glycoside Digitoxin as an Effective Growth Inhibitor of Gefitinib-Resistant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer via Downregulation of α-Tubulin and Inhibition of Microtubule Formation (2016)

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) dominates over 85% of all lung cancer cases. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutation is a common situation in NSCLC. In the clinic, molecular-targeting with Gefitinib as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) for EGFR downstream signaling is initially effective. However, drug resistance frequently happens due to additional mutation on EGFR, such as substitution from threonine to methionine at amino acid position 790 (T790M). In this study, we screened a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound library consisting of 800 single compounds in TKI-resistance NSCLC H1975 cells, which contains substitutions from leucine to arginine at amino acid 858 (L858R) and T790M mutation on EGFR. Attractively, among these compounds there are 24 compounds CC50 of which was less than 2.5 μM were identified. We have further investigated the mechanism of the most effective one, Digitoxin. It showed a significantly cytotoxic effect in H1975 cells by causing G2 phase arrest, also remarkably activated 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Moreover, we first proved that Digitoxin suppressed microtubule formation through decreasing α-tubulin. Therefore, it confirmed that Digitoxin effectively depressed the growth of TKI-resistance NSCLC H1975 cells by inhibiting microtubule polymerization and inducing cell cycle arrest.
Impaired affinity for phenylalanine in <i>Escherichia coli</i> phenylalanyl‐tRNA synthetase mutant caused by Gly‐to‐Asp exchange in motif 2 of class II tRNA synthetases (1991)

Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS; alpha 2 beta 2 subunit structure) is a member of class II of tRNA synthetases. We report here the genetic analysis of an Escherichia coli mutant strain which is auxotrophic for phenylalanine because it has a PheRS with a decreased affinity for phenylalanine. The mutant pheS gene encoding the PheRS alpha subunit was cloned and sequenced, and the deviation from the wild-type gene was found to result in a Gly191-to-Asp191 exchange. This alteration is located within motif 2, one of 3 conserved sequence motifs characteristic for class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Motif 2 may thus participate in the formation of the phenylalanine binding site in PheRS.
A radioisotope based methodology for plant-fungal interactions in the rhizosphere (2013)

In plant ecophysiology research there is interest in studying the biology of the rhizosphere because of its importance in plant nutrient-interactions. The rhizosphere is the zone of soil surrounding a plant's root system where microbes (such as fungi) are influenced by the root and the roots by the microbes. We are investigating a methodology for imaging the distribution of molecular compounds of interest in the rhizosphere without disturbing the root or soil habitat. Our intention is to develop a single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) system (PhytoSPECT) to image the bio-distribution of fungi in association with a host plant's roots. The technique we are exploring makes use of radioactive isotopes as tracers to label molecules that bind to fungal-specific compounds of interest and to image the fungi distribution in the plant and/or soil. We report on initial experiments designed to test the ability of fungal-specific compounds labeled with an iodine radioisotope that binds to chitin monomers (N-acetylglucosamine). Chitin is a compound not found in roots but in fungal cell walls. We will test the ability to label the compound with radioactive isotopes of iodine ( <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">125</sup> I, and <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">123</sup> I).
Generic-point parallel scalar multiplication without precomputations (2009)

The first efficient generic-point parallel scalar multiplication method is presented here. The novelty of the proposed method is that the precomputation overhead can be replaced by postcomputations that can be parallelised. This method will be very attractive for use in high-performance end servers that employ parallel elliptic curve cryptoprocessors.
A Low-Complexity Full-Duplex Radio Implementation With a Single Antenna (2017)

This paper presents a novel low-complexity full-duplex radio design, which only uses a single patch antenna without any duplexer or circulator for passive suppression of self-interference, and a computationally efficient technique for linear digital cancellation. The proposed full-duplex design is tested for IEEE 802.11g Wireless Standard on the WARP (v3) software-defined radio implementation platform. It is shown that this design provides a total suppression of 88 dB, which is sufficient for low-power or short-range full-duplex communication. The dual polarized slot coupled patch antenna used in our design provides an interport isolation as high as 60 dB in 2.4 GHz band. Additionally, the digital domain cancellation utilizes a frequency domain-based estimation and reconstruction approach, which not only offers up to 61% reduction in the computational complexity but also provides a 5-7 dB better digital cancellation performance in highly selective channel conditions, as compared to the time-domain-based techniques. The proposed full-duplex implementation can be easily applied in OFDM-based wireless systems, such as IEEE 802.11, which is the considered air interface in this paper.
Cell-Specific Repressor or Enhancer Activities of Deaf-1 at a Serotonin 1A Receptor Gene Polymorphism (2006)

The serotonin-1A (5-HT1A) receptor is the primary somatodendritic autoreceptor that inhibits the activity of serotonergic raphe neurons and is also expressed in nonserotonergic cortical and limbic neurons. Alterations in 5-HT1A receptor levels are implicated in mood disorders, and a functional C(-1019)G 5-HT1A promoter polymorphism has been associated with depression, suicide, and panic disorder. We examined the cell-specific activity of identified transcription factors, human nuclear deformed epidermal autoregulatory factor-1 (DEAF-1)-related (NUDR)/Deaf-1 and Hes5, at the 5-HT1A C(-1019) site. In serotonergic raphe RN46A cells, Deaf-1 and Hes5 repressed the 5-HT1A receptor gene at the C(-1019)-allele but not the G(-1019)-allele. However, in nonserotonergic cells that express 5-HT1A receptors (septal SN48, neuroblastoma SKN-SH, and neuroblastoma/glioma NG108-15 cells), Deaf-1 enhanced 5-HT1A promoter activity at the C(-1019)-allele but not the G-allele, whereas Hes5 repressed in all cell types. The enhancer activity of Deaf-1 was orientation independent and competed out Hes5 repression. To test whether Deaf-1 activity is intrinsic, the activity of a Gal4DBD (DNA binding domain)-Deaf-1 fusion protein at a heterologous Gal4 DNA element was examined. Gal4DBD-Deaf-1 repressed transcription in RN46A cells but enhanced transcription in SN48 cells, indicating that these opposite activities are intrinsic to Deaf-1. Repressor or enhancer activities of Deaf-1 or Gal4DBD-Deaf-1 were blocked by histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A. Thus, the intrinsic activity of Deaf-1 at the 5-HT1A promoter is opposite in presynaptic versus postsynaptic neuronal cells and requires deacetylation. Cell-specific regulation by Deaf-1 could underlie region-specific alterations in 5-HT1A receptor expression in different mood disorders.
Integrated Photoacoustic and Fluorescence Confocal Microscopy (2010)

We have developed a dual-modality imaging system by integrating optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy and fluorescence confocal microscopy to provide optical absorption and fluorescence contrasts simultaneously. By sharing the same laser source and objective lens, intrinsically registered photoacoustic and fluorescence images are acquired in a single scan. The micrometer resolution allows imaging of both blood and lymphatic vessels down to the capillary level. Simultaneous photoacoustic angiography and fluorescence lymphangiography were demonstrated, presenting more information to study tumor angiogenesis, vasculature, and microenvironments in vivo.
The use of vitamin D3 and its metabolites to improve beef tenderness1 (2004)

Three experiments were conducted to determine whether feeding 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OH D3) or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2 D3) improves the tenderness of longissimus dorsi (LD), semimembranosus (SM), and infraspinatus (IF) muscles similar to supplemental vitamin D3 without leaving residual vitamin D3 and its metabolites in muscle. In the first two experiments, 24 crossbred steers were used to determine the effects of different oral amounts of 1,25-(OH)2 D3 (Exp. 1; n = 12) and 25-OH D3 (Exp. 2; n = 12) on plasma Ca2+ concentrations. In the third experiment, crossbred steers were allotted randomly to one of four treatments: 1) control placebo (n = 7); 2) 5 x 10(6) IU of vitamin D3/d (n = 9) for 9 d and harvested 2 d after last treatment; 3) single, 125-mg dose of 25-OH D3 (n = 8) 4 d before harvest; or 4) single, 500-microg dose of 1,25-(OH)2 D3 (n = 9) 3 d before harvest. The LD and SM steaks from each animal were aged for 8, 14, or 21 d, whereas steaks from the IF were aged for 14 or 21 d. All steaks were analyzed for tenderness by Warner-Bratzler shear force and for troponin-T degradation by Western blot analysis. Supplementing steers with vitamin D3 increased (P < 0.01) the concentration of vitamin D3 and 25-OH D3 in all muscles sampled. Feeding steers 25-OH D3 increased (P < 0.05) the concentration of 25-OH D3 in meat, but to an amount less than half that of cattle treated with vitamin D3. Supplemental 1,25-(OH)2 D3 did not affect (P < 0.10) shear force values; however, there was a trend (P < 0.10) for supplemental vitamin D3 and 25-OH D3 to produce LD steaks with lower shear values after 8 and 14 d of aging, and lower (P < 0.10) shear force values for the SM aged for 21 d. Analysis of Western blots indicated that LD steaks from cattle supplemented with vitamin D3 and 25-OH D3 had greater (P < 0.05) troponin-T degradation. Antemortem supplementation of 25-OH D3 seems to increase postmortem proteolysis and tenderness in the LD and SM without depositing large concentrations of residual vitamin D3 and its metabolite 25-OH D3.
Context Aware Service Using Intra-body Communication (2006)

An intuitive context aware service between two devices is possible using touch with the direct digital intra-body communication. Using this technology, users with multimedia devices may simply touch them to establish network connection, transfer data, and provide the required service; hence the name touch-and-play (TAP). Using TAP, users can disclose their context by touching the specific device. For instance, a user carrying a digital camera touches the TV to begin a slide show or a printer to print a photo. TAP is expected to enable the provision of intuitive, context-aware service. This paper discusses the communication protocol of TAP and its application
Prognostic significance of hepatoma-up-regulated protein expression in patients with urinary bladder transitional cell carcinoma. (2003)

We recently found a urinary molecular marker, Hepatoma-Up-Regulated Protein (HURP), for the detection of urinary bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). In this study, the expression of HURP in 57 voided urine specimens was determined by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. HURP value was correlated with a variety of clinical parameters, including sex, age, tumor grade, stage, multiplicity, tumor shape and recurrence/metastasis during the follow-up period. The detection rate of HURP was 60.7% (17 out of 28) in voided urine of patients with TCC, 5.9% (1 out of 17) in non-TCC urological benign disease and 0% (0 out of 12) in healthy volunteers. HURP positivity (defined as above 0.1 cut-off value) was detected in 83.6% (92 out of 110) TCC specimens, 4.3% (1 out of 23) of non-TCC urinary cancer and 0% (0 out of 15) of benign urological disease. No relationship was found between the level of HURP and the above-mentioned clinical parameters other than recurrence of TCC patients. A higher level of tissue HURP was found in the patients having recurrence (Mann-Whitney U-test, p = 0.027).
Forward link capacity of coherent DS-CDMA and MC-CDMA broadband packet wireless access in a multi-cell environment (2002)

This paper investigates wireless access schemes, in the forward link that are suitable for wireless broadband packet transmission in a multi-cell environment. The single-carrier (SC)/DS-CDMA, multi-carrier (MC)/DS-CDMA, and MC-CDMA schemes are compared in terms of packet error rate (PER) performance taking into account the impact of other-cell interference assuming the use of cell-site diversity. The results show that, while SC/DS-CDMA (64 Mcps) and MC/DS-CDMA (number of sub-carriers 4, 16 Mcps per sub-carrier) cannot attain the average PER=10/sup -2/ for more than two users, MC-CDMA (number of sub-carriers=512, 156 ksps per sub-carrier) achieves much better performance and realizes simultaneous transmission of approximately 10 users with antenna diversity reception, when the total bandwidth is 80 MHz and the information bit rate per user is 2 Mbps.
Functional and Developmental Compartments of Human T Lymphocytes (1980)

Hybridoma technology has made it possible to prepare a range of antibodies which define developmental and functional compartments of the T lymphocyte lineage in man. The feasibility of achieving this aim, and some immediate clinical applications, are illustrated in this report on seven monoclonal antibodies from seven selected hybridoma clones, which are shown to define subclasses of human T cells according to their immune function and developmental rank.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1‐Aza‐cryptophycin 1, an Unstable Cryptophycin. An Unusual Skeletal Rearrangement. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An exact algorithm for self-calibration of two-dimensional precision metrology stages (1997)

We describe an algorithm that can achieve exact self-calibration for high-precision two-dimensional (2-D) metrology stages. Previous attempts to solve this problem have often given nonexact or impractical solutions. Self-calibration is the procedure of calibrating a metrology stage by an artifact plate whose mark positions are not precisely known. By assuming rigidness of the artifact plate, this algorithm extracts the stage error map from comparison of three different measurement views of the plate. The algorithm employs the orthogonal Fourier series to expand the stage error map, which allows fast numerical computation. When there is no random measurement noise, this algorithm exactly calibrates the stage error at those sites sampled by the mark array. In the presence of random measurement noise, the algorithm introduces a calibration error of about the same size as the random measurement noise itself, which is the limit to be achieved by any self-calibration algorithm. The algorithm has been verified by computer simulation with and without random measurement noise. Other possible applications of this algorithm are also discussed.
Ultra-thin vertical magneto-optical media and system for using same (1989)

A high density information storage medium utilizing the properties of an ultrathin film. The present invention includes an information storage medium comprised of an ultrathin film capable of possessing vertical magnetic orientation. The present invention also includes methods for the storage to, retrieval of and erasure of data on the ultrathin film medium. Storage of data on the ultrathin film medium utilizes the temperature dependent magnetic coercivity of the ultrathin film medium. The retrieval of information from the ultrathin film medium is based on the Kerr effect property of the ultrathin film and employs detection of the rotation of a beam of polarized light. The invention also includes the beneficial utilization of the reflection of the laser from the underlying metallic substrate back through the magnetic film to enhance the rotation and reflectivity characteristics of the signal. 6 figs.
Analysis and Design of Robust Max Consensus for Wireless Sensor Networks (2019)

A novel distributed algorithm for estimating the maximum of the node initial state values in a network, in the presence of additive communication noise is proposed. Conventionally, the maximum is estimated locally at each node by updating the node state value with the largest received measurements in every iteration. However, due to the additive channel noise, the estimate of the maximum at each node drifts at each iteration and this results in nodes diverging from the true max value. Max-plus algebra is used as a tool to study this ergodic process. The subadditive ergodic theorem is invoked to establish a constant growth rate for the state values due to noise, which is studied by analyzing the max-plus Lyapunov exponent of the product of noise matrices in a max-plus semiring. The growth rate of the state values is upper bounded by a constant which depends on the spectral radius of the network and the noise variance. Upper and lower bounds are derived for both fixed and random graphs. Finally, a two-run algorithm robust to additive noise in the network is proposed and its variance is analyzed using concentration inequalities. Simulation results supporting the theory are also presented.