gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Designing OBA When There is an Incumbent (2003)

This paper aims to provide practical guidance to Government officials and others who are asked to design Output Based Aid (OBA) projects in situations in which there is an existing supplier. The focus is on: Water and electricity projects; There is a request for development of an OBA subsidy; and There is an existing Private Sector Participation (PSP) contract involving supply of the service in (or near) the area in question.
Multiple Protein Regions Contribute to Differential Activities of YABBY Proteins inReproductive Development  (2005)

Members of the YABBY family of putative transcription factors participate in abaxial-adaxial identity determination in lateral organs in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Two YABBY genes specifically expressed in reproductive structures, CRABS CLAW (CRC) and INNER NO OUTER (INO), have additional activities, with CRC promoting nectary development and carpel fusion, and INO responding to spatial regulation by SUPERMAN during ovule development. All YABBY coding regions, except YABBY5, were able to restore outer integument growth in ino-1 mutants when expressed from the INO promoter (PRO(INO)). However, INO was the only YABBY family member that responded correctly to SUPERMAN to maintain the wild-type gynoapical-gynobasal asymmetry of the outer integument. By contrast, INO, FILAMENTOUS FLOWER, and YABBY3 failed to complement crc-1 when expressed from PRO(CRC). Roles of individual regions of CRC and INO in these effects were assessed using chimeric proteins with PRO(INO) and PRO(CRC) and the relatively constitutive cauliflower mosaic virus PRO(35S). Regions of CRC were found to contribute additively to CRC-specific functions in nectary and carpel formation, with a nearly direct relationship between the amount of CRC included and the degree of complementation of crc-1. When combined with INO sequences, the central and carboxyl-terminal regions of CRC were individually sufficient to overcome inhibitory effects of SUPERMAN within the outer integument. Reproductive phenotypes resulting from constitutive expression were dependent on the nature of the central region with some contributions from the amino terminus. Thus, the YABBY family members have both unique and common functional capacities, and residues involved in differential activities are distributed throughout the protein sequences.
Comparison of the sensitivities of Salmonella typhimurium oxyR and katG mutants to killing by human neutrophils (1994)

The respiratory burst of neutrophils is believed to kill bacteria by generating oxidative species, such as superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and oxidized halogen species. The oxyR gene of Salmonella typhimurium controls a regulon induced by oxidative stress, such as exposure to hydrogen peroxide. Some researchers have suggested that oxyR may play a key role in bacterial survival following phagocytosis. We have tested this possibility by comparing the survival, following exposure to human neutrophils, of isogenic strains bearing different oxyR alleles. Neither inactivation of the oxyR gene nor constitutive overexpression of the oxyR-regulated proteins (oxyR1 allele) greatly alters bacterial resistance to neutrophils. The katG gene, encoding the oxyR-regulated enzyme hydroperoxidase I, was also without effect on survival following exposure to neutrophils. We conclude that the oxyR response does not play a significant role in the resistance of S. typhimurium to phagocytic killing in vitro.
Compressive Sampling for Recognition of Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum Signals (2020)

In this paper, a method for recognition of frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) signals from compressive measurements is proposed. Conventionally, the detection method based on energy or signal variance does not represent the signal type. Other energy signals may also be falsely detected as FHSS signals, especially in the case of dynamic spectrum sharing. Besides, full FHSS spectrum scanning also makes data storage and processing challenges. In this paper, we propose a compressive detection mechanism based on pattern recognition to alleviate the stress of wide-band signal processing and detection category ambiguity. A partial discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix is designed based on the maximum mutual information between the received signal and the compressive measurements. Besides, to improve detection performance, a Toeplitz matrix developed as a filter. The DFT matrix and Toeplitz matrix together construct the measurement kernel. We extract the frequency domain features of received signals and detect the FHSS signals by a KNN classifier. The simulation results demonstrate that our compressive detection system can effectively detect FHSS signals and is insensitive to other signals. Even at low SNR, high detection probability and low false alarm probability can be obtained.
Solid-State Ordering and Potential Dependence of Conductivity in Poly(2,5-dialkoxy-p-phenyleneethynylene) (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolid-State Ordering and Potential Dependence of Conductivity in Poly(2,5-dialkoxy-p-phenyleneethynylene)David Ofer, Timothy M. Swager, and Mark S. WrightonCite this: Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 2, 418–425Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00050a029RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views375Altmetric-Citations78LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (893 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Real-time holographic surveillance system (2023)

A holographic surveillance system including means for generating electromagnetic waves; means for transmitting the electromagnetic waves toward a target at a plurality of predetermined positions in space; means for receiving and converting electromagnetic waves reflected from the target to electrical signals at a plurality of predetermined positions in space; means for processing the electrical signals to obtain signals corresponding to a holographic reconstruction of the target; and means for displaying the processed information to determine nature of the target. The means for processing the electrical signals includes means for converting analog signals to digital signals followed by a computer means to apply a backward wave algorithm.
An Energy-Efficient Systolic Pipeline Architecture for Binary Convolutional Neural Network (2019)

Memory and computation cost limit the applications of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) on mobile devices. Binary CNN (BCNN) is a quantized neural network, which can reduce memory requirement and achieve multiplication-free computation. This paper focuses on BCNN. First, we proposed a hardware friendly CNN model to decrease the inference accuracy loss by eliminating the decimal part of each floating number. Second, we presented a fully pipelined on-chip BCNN architecture. The architecture has systolic data flow and an interlayer pipeline, which ensures weights reuse and high throughputs. The results show that we achieve an inference accuracy of 99.04% for the MNIST dataset on the Pytorch platform and 98.91% in the hardware architecture, which means the inference accuracy loss is only 0.13%; the inference accuracy loss without this model is 0.41%. Besides, this architecture can achieve 23.08k: qfps and 353.5 GOP/s/W at 120MHz with small resource use while processing the BCNN.
LIWBC: a bigram algorithm to enhance results in polarity classification (2018)

The text mining literature shows a growing body of work concerned with the automatic identification of sentiment in text. Sentiment polarity classification is one of the most important text mining tasks. The typical approach to polarity classification uses lexicons to count word usage from linguistic or emotional aspects. One of the most widely used lexicons is the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC). LIWC assigns words to categories (e.g., positive emotion) based on a lexicon of words associated with psycholinguist categories. It has been widely used in polarity classification task with good results. However, it only accounts for word count, discarding the text structure and ignoring important semantic relationships between words. In this work, we present LIWBC, an algorithm to count bigrams using the lexicon provided by LIWC. The goal is to incorporate text structure information to improve the polarity classification task with LIWC lexicon. We conducted experiments to evaluate LIWBC with two real datasets: the first one consists of blogger posts; the second one is the movie reviews dataset, which contains full-text movie reviews from IMDB. Both datasets were processed with LIWC and LIWBC. After that, we ran four classification algorithms in the data processed by LIWC and LIWBC. The SVM algorithm executed with LIWBC data yielded the best result in both datasets. The F1 score of SVM in blogger posts and movie reviews dataset had an improvement of 2.2% and 2.5%, respectively.
Thermochemical Processes: Principles and Models (2000)

Introduction Vapour deposition Chemical vapour deposition Gaseous reactions, Photochemical Reactions Molecular decomposition Adsorption and surface energies of metals Catalysis of Metals Solid State Kinetics Charge and heat transport properties Structure and diffusion properties of metals Diffusion in non-metallic systems Solid state processes in oxides Gas-solid reactions Processes involving liquids Extraction Metallurgy Appendices Bibliography Index
Cancer Survivors (2002)

New and more effective treatments for cancer have resulted in individuals living longer with a better quality of life. Many more survivors are employed in the workplace. Cancer is no longer only an issue for survivors and their families; it has become an issue for the employer and the workplace. This article describes survey results of 4,364 long term cancer survivors in which they were asked to respond to items describing their ability to work, job discrimination, and quality of life. Thirty-five percent of survivors were working at the time they completed the survey, and 8.5% considered themselves unable to work. This research has shown that age, gender, ethnic group, and cancer type affected the working status of the survivors. Of survivors continuing to work, 7.3% indicated they had experienced job discrimination. The results indicate most cancer survivors do not perceive employment related problems, and are readily assimilated into the work force. Job discrimination and the ability to work is a quality of life issue.
Experimental studies on diacerhein: effects on the phagocytosis of neutrophil cells from subcutaneous carrageenan-induced exudate. (1987)

Diacerhein (DAR), a new drug which is particularly suitable for the treatment of osteoarthritis, was studied for its interference with the phagocytic capacity of cells coming from exudates of subcutaneous carrageenan oedema and from the peripheral blood of Sprague-Dawley rats. DAR was found to inhibit phagocytosis in both types of cells examined. This finding indicates that DAR may exert its action by means of a direct effect on the cells involved in the inflammatory process.
BCL-2 and BAX Protect Adult Mice from Lethal Sindbis Virus Infection but Do Not Protect Spinal Cord Motor Neurons or Prevent Paralysis (2002)

Cellular proteins that regulate apoptotic cell death can modulate the outcome of Sindbis virus (SV) encephalitis in mice. Both endogenous and overexpressed BCL-2 and BAX proteins protect newborn mice from fatal SV infection by blocking apoptosis in infected neurons. To determine the effects of these cellular factors on the course of infection in older animals, a more neurovirulent SV vector (dsNSV) was constructed from a viral strain that causes both prominent spinal cord infection with hind-limb paralysis and death in weanling mice. This vector has allowed assessment of the effects of BCL-2 and BAX on both mortality and paralysis in these hosts. Similar to newborn hosts, weanling mice infected with dsNSV encoding BCL-2 or BAX survived better than animals infected with control viruses. This finding indicates that BCL-2 and BAX both protect neurons that mediate host survival. Neither cellular factor, however, could suppress the development of hind-limb paralysis or prevent the degeneration of motor neurons in the lumbar spinal cord. Infection of BAX knockout mice with dsNSV demonstrated that endogenous BAX also enhances the survival of animals but has no effect on paralysis. These findings for the spinal cord are consistent with earlier data showing that dying lumbar motor neurons do not exhibit an apoptotic morphology. Thus, divergent cell death pathways are activated in different target populations of neurons during neurovirulent SV infection of weanling mice.
Systematic review of lapatinib in combination with letrozole compared with other first-line treatments for hormone receptor positive(HR+) and HER2+ advanced or metastatic breast cancer(MBC) (2012)

Lapatinib + letrozole was significantly superior to letrozole in terms of PFS/TTP and ORR based on a direct head-to-head study. Indirect comparisons appeared to favor lapatinib + letrozole versus other first-line treatments used in this patient population in terms of three main outcomes: OS, PFS/TTP and ORR. Indirect comparison results are based on a network analysis for which the basic assumptions of homogeneity, similarity and consistency were not fulfilled. Therefore, despite the fact that these are the best available data, the results need to be interpreted with caution.
Impact of mechanical bending on the electrochemical performance of bendable lithium batteries with paper-like free-standing V2O5–polypyrrole cathodes (2012)

Highly flexible, paper-like, free-standing V2O5 and V2O5–polypyrrole (PPy) films were prepared via the vacuum filtration method. The films are soft, lightweight, and mechanically robust. The electrochemical performance of the free-standing pure V2O5 electrode was improved by incorporating conducting polypyrrole. A bendable cell with a novel design was fabricated, consisting of a free-standing V2O5–PPy cathode film, gel electrolyte, and a lithium foil anode. The cell was tested under repeated bending conditions for several cycles. The results show that the battery performance of the repeatedly bent cell was similar to that of the conventional cell.
Inhibition of nucleoside diphosphate kinase in rat liver mitochondria by added 3′‐azido‐3′‐deoxythymidine (1999)

The effect of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine on nucleoside diphosphate kinase of isolated rat liver mitochondria has been studied. This is done by monitoring the increase in the rate of oxygen uptake by nucleoside diphosphate (TDP, UDP, CDP or GDP) addition to mitochondria in state 4. It is shown that 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine inhibits the mitochondrial nucleoside diphosphate kinase in a competitive manner, with a Ki value of about 10 microM as measured for each tested nucleoside diphosphate. It is also shown that high concentrations of GDP prevent 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine inhibition of the nucleoside diphosphate kinase.
Enterprise, entrepreneurship and small business: where are the boundaries? (2004)

The terms enterprise, entrepreneurship and small business are frequently used in the context of education and small business formation. Particular countries have preference for the use of the terms in specific circumstances, for example, entrepreneurship is more common in the USA and Canada, while enterprise is more often used in the UK and Australia. Because the terms are often used interchangeably, there is confusion about their exact meaning. In Australia, the term entrepreneur has negative connotations not related to the true meaning of the word. This has confused the general public and the poor image that is associated with the term is often then shared with the other terms. The purpose of this paper is to clearly set out distinctions between the three terms in order to improve the level of understanding of the issues where the terms are commonly used. It involves an analysis of the literature to identify similarities and distinctions particularly in areas of education and business start-ups. The findings indicate that while there is a degree of overlap between the concepts, with the boundaries blurred in certain areas, it is possible to differentiate between the three terms
Intradermal Indocyanine Green for In Vivo Fluorescence Laser Scanning Microscopy of Human Skin: A Pilot Study (2011)

Our results introduce a novel in vivo skin imaging technique using ICG, which delivers a stable intercellular fluorescence signal ideal for morphological assessment down to sub-cellular detail. The application of ICG in combination with the near infrared laser opens new ways for minimal-invasive diagnosis and monitoring of skin disorders.
Measurement of asphaltene particle size distributions in crude oils diluted with n-heptane (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMeasurement of asphaltene particle size distributions in crude oils diluted with n-heptaneKevin A. Ferworn, William Y. Svrcek, and Anil K. MehrotraCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1993, 32, 5, 955–959Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00017a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00017a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views813Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Automatic extraction of component inspection regions from Printed Circuit Board (2012)

The inspection machine in PCB(Printed Circuit Board) assembly line checks for assembly errors by examining the images inside the component inspection region. The component inspection region consists of a component package region and a soldering region. The regions need to be extracted automatically so the auto-teaching system of the inspection machine can work. An image segmentation method was proposed to extract the component inspection regions automatically from the images of the PCB. The acquired image was transformed to HSI color model, and then segmented by several regions by a clustering method. A modified K-means algorithm was developed to increase the accuracy of extraction. The heuristics generating the initial clusters and merging the final clusters were newly proposed. The vertical and horizontal projection was also developed to distinguish the region of the component package and the region of soldering. The experimental results are presented to highlight the utility of the proposed method.
Putative amino acid sequence of chick calcium-binding protein deduced from a complementary DNA sequence (1985)

Two DNA fragments coding for chick CaBP have been isolated and sequenced. cDNA was prepared from enriched intestinal mRNA and cloned in pUC12. The recombinant clones were screened by differential hybridisation with 32P-cDNA probes synthesized from vitamin D replete and deficient chick intestinal mRNA. Two clones had outstanding affinity with the +D probe. Hybrid-arrested and hybrid-selected translation systems showed that both clones hybridised to mRNA coding for immunoprecipitable CaBP. The mRNA for CaBP has a 100 bp G,C rich sequence before a 786 bp coding region followed by 1250 nucleotides 3' untranslated region. Nucleotides coding for the Ca-binding sites show a high degree of homology for Ca-binding sites in chick calmodulin and rat intestinal CaBP. The amino acid sequence specified by the longest open reading frame contains five Ca-binding sites but is too large for the native CaBP; post-translational modification must therefore occur.
Automated Acoustic Matrix Deposition for MALDI Sample Preparation (2005)

Novel high-throughput sample preparation strategies for MALDI imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) and profiling are presented. An acoustic reagent multispotter was developed to provide improved reproducibility for depositing matrix onto a sample surface, for example, such as a tissue section. The unique design of the acoustic droplet ejector and its optimization for depositing matrix solution are discussed. Since it does not contain a capillary or nozzle for fluid ejection, issues with clogging of these orifices are avoided. Automated matrix deposition provides better control of conditions affecting protein extraction and matrix crystallization with the ability to deposit matrix accurately onto small surface features. For tissue sections, matrix spots of 180-200 microm in diameter were obtained and a procedure is described for generating coordinate files readable by a mass spectrometer to permit automated profile acquisition. Mass spectral quality and reproducibility was found to be better than that obtained with manual pipet spotting. The instrument can also deposit matrix spots in a dense array pattern so that, after analysis in a mass spectrometer, two-dimensional ion images may be constructed. Example ion images from a mouse brain are presented.