gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A modern service oriented unit-based distributed storage model for peer nodes (2009)

With the rapid development of the information technology and knowledge economy, the old fashioned, traditional service industry manage to make a significant progress to grow into a brand new formation. Now the information amount on the Internet expands in a incredible way everyday, which makes how to keep and manage those information of a mass storage system more and more important for us. So in this paper, we will discuss a new Unit-based Distributed Storage (UDS) Model, which is capable of managing a great number of data stored in a certain amount of normal low-cost computers who serve as peer nodes of a whole structured P2P distributed system efficiently by using a virtual storage component called ¿Unit¿.
Industrial x-ray fluorescence analysis new applications and challenges for cryogenic detectors (1997)

Cryogenic, high-resolution X-ray detectors have potential applications in industrial X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis. We discuss various XRF analysis techniques currently used in the semiconductor industry, problems encountered due to limitations of current detectors and the potential benefits of using cryogenic detectors in these applications. We give examples of demonstration experiments, compare the performance of current conventional and cryogenic X-ray spectrometers and present an outlook.
NICE guidance on catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation using an epicardial (non-thorascopic) approach (2009)

The recent advent of percutaneous trans-catheter ablation (CA) has provided electrophysiologists with an unprecedented tool for the curative treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). This technique aims at replicating the highly effective changes of atrial substrate previously introduced by surgery in patients with AF.1 Using a femoral transvenous access, one or more catheters are advanced into the left atrium via a trans-septal puncture and radiofrequency (RF) current is delivered to change the atrial substrate such that AF becomes non-inducible or non-sustained. Since the first report of CA of AF in humans in 1994,2 several techniques with different ablation designs have been introduced in clinical practice.3 4 5 6 7 8 9 The variable rationales inspiring development of these techniques reflected the evolving knowledge on AF pathophysiology and the incomplete ability by each of them to steadily restore sinus rhythm. Using these techniques, investigators could prove that approximately one-half to two-thirds of patients were cured without antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) and a variable additional proportion was cured by adding previously ineffective AADs. This result does not appear to have improved after the introduction of energy sources alternative to radiofrequency current.10 As a consequence, investigators are still in search of new techniques for further improving patients’ clinical outcome.

Among currently investigated techniques, percutaneous epicardial trans-catheter RF ablation offers the …
Down modulation of fibronectin messenger RNA in metastasizing rat prostatic cancer cells revealed by differential hybridization analysis. (1988)

To identify genes whose expression is down modulated in the process of metastasis, gene expression was analyzed in cell lines derived from Dunning R-3327 rat prostatic tumor sublines. A complementary DNA (cDNA) library from the anaplastic nonmetastasizing subline AT-1 was used for a differential hybridization analysis, using probes derived from mRNAs of the AT-1 and the metastasizing MAT-LyLu subline. In this way 14 cDNA clones were isolated representing 6 differentially expressed genes. The expression levels in a panel of tumor sublines measured with these cDNA clones were tested for correlation with the anaplastic non-metastasizing phenotype. One cDNA clone, designated pSE-1, whose expression was high in all tested sublines with that phenotype, appeared to represent the gene for fibronectin. To further investigate the down modulation of this gene, we studied its expression in AT-2 (anaplastic, nonmetastasizing tumor) and lines derived therefrom that exhibited a high metastatic potential after transfection with the v-Ha-ras oncogene. In the genetically manipulated metastasizing tumor sublines, fibronectin mRNA levels were approximately 4- to 8-fold lowered compared to the nonmetastasizing parental AT-2 line.
Brain mechanisms of COVID-19-sleep disorders (2021)

Here, we review findings and trends in sleep research in 2020-2021 demonstrating how COVID-19 and sleep disorders can induce the BBB leakage via neuroinflammation, which might contribute to the 'coronasomnia' phenomenon. The new studies suggest that the controlling of sleep hygiene and quality should be incorporated into the rehabilitation of COVID-19 patients. We also discuss perspective strategies for prevention of COVID-19-related BBB disorders. We demonstrate that sleep might be a novel biomarker of the BBB leakage and the analysis of sleep EEG patterns can be a breakthrough non-invasive technology for diagnosis of the COVID-19-caused BBB disruption.
Properties and Application of Delayed-Release Breakers (1992)

ABSTRACT Water-base fracturing fluids gelled with guar-based polymers are used for fluid loss control, viscosity development, and proppant placement in hydraulic fracturing operations. These polymers must be subsequently degraded with breakers such as enzymes, oxidizing agents, or acid. Prevention of premature reaction of these additives with the fracturing fluid may be accomplished by encapsulation of these breakers, thereby providing a delayed release. Many aspects concerning selection, testing, design, and application of delayed release breakers have been investigated and are presented in this paper. Laboratory testing has been done, including (1) methods of product preparation and corresponding release profiles, (2) viscosity degradation using delayed release breakers and conventional breakers, and (3) determination of breaker requirements. Fracture conductivity data are also presented to show the benefit of these materials to improve the results of a treatment. Case histories are presented to show results of the application of these materials.
Motion of Carbon Nanotubes in suspension under AC electric field (2008)

Electronic applications of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) strongly depend on concise allocation of CNTs to desirable electrodes. AC Dielectrophoresis (DEP) provides us with a promising way to pattern CNTs. In this paper, the motion of a single CNT under AC electric field is discussed. The rotational and translational motions are studied by analysing the induced AC DEP torque and force. The different behaviours of semiconducting and metallic CNTs are compared. AC DEP technique for patterning CNTs can be optimised in terms of manipulation time control and frequency tuning.
Calcium‐independent phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> in isolated rabbit ventricular myocytes (1998)

We characterized phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity in isolated rabbit ventricular myocytes with respect to subcellular distribution, substrate specificity, and Ca2+ dependency. Membrane-associated PLA2 was found to be an order of magnitude greater than cytosolic PLA2. Ventricular myocyte PLA2 activity was enhanced following protease-activated receptor stimulation with thrombin and was found to be largely Ca2+-independent and selective for phospholipid substrates containing arachidonic acid at the sn-2 position. Immunoblot analysis using an antibody to cytosolic Ca2+-independent PLA2 from Chinese hamster ovary cells recognized a membrane-associated protein with a molecular mass of approximately 80 kDa; however, differences in pH optima, response to inhibitors, and substrate selectivity of membrane-associated and cytosolic PLA2 activity suggest the presence of multiple Ca2+-independent PLA2. Pretreatment with bromoenol lactone, a specific inhibitor of Ca2+-independent PLA2, significantly attenuated membrane-associated and cytosolic PLA2 in unstimulated and thrombin-stimulated myocytes. Pretreatment with methyl arachidonyl fluorophosphonate, mepacrine, or dibucaine had no significant effect on PLA2 activity under all conditions tested. Ventricular myocyte PLA2 activity was significantly inhibited by ATP, GTP, and their nonhydrolyzable analogs and was regulated by protein kinase C activity. These studies demonstrate the presence of one or more unique membrane-associated Ca2+-independent PLA2 in isolated ventricular myocytes that exhibit a preference for phospholipids with arachidonate at the sn-2 position and that are activated by thrombin stimulation.
Role of the pentose cycle in oxygen radical-mediated toxicity of the thiol-containing radioprotector dithiothreitol in mammalian cells. (1993)

We have shown previously that the thiol-containing radioprotector dithiothreitol (DTT) kills V79 cells in a manner that is dependent on both the concentration of DTT and the medium. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that DTT toxicity is caused by the copper-catalyzed oxidation of DTT, forming H2O2, which in turn produces .OH, the ultimate toxic species, via the metal-catalyzed Fenton reaction. Because it is known that the pentose cycle plays a role in the ability of cells to deal with oxidative stress, the hypothesis that the pentose cycle is involved in the response of cells to DTT is tested in this paper. The results show that toxicity of both DTT and H2O2 in V79 cells is greater in cells exposed to the drugs in medium lacking glucose than in cells in medium containing glucose. Addition of glucose to medium or buffer lacking it decreases DTT- and H2O2-induced cell killing. Studies using cells deficient in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the rate-limiting enzyme of the pentose cycle, show that cells of the mutant cell lines (E16 and E48) are more sensitive to cell killing by both DTT and H2O2 than are the parental CHO K1D cells when exposed to the drugs in medium containing glucose. However, toxicity does not differ significantly among the three cell lines when they are exposed to DTT or H2O2 in phosphate-buffered saline that lacks glucose. Measurements of pentose cycle activity show that the pentose cycle in K1D cells is stimulated by DTT, with the pattern and drug concentration dependence of the stimulation being similar to that for cell killing. However, the pentose cycle is not stimulated by DTT in G6PD-deficient cell lines. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that the pentose cycle is one of the cellular pathways that mediates the oxidative stress imposed by DTT or H2O2.
Achievements in rotary head magnetic recording (1990)

The principal achievements since 1980 in rotary head recording on magnetic tape are outlined. These developments are related to fundamental improvements in recording media, heads, the design of tape transports, and signal processing. The D-1 and D-2 video tape recorders (VTRs), the Hi-Band 8-mm video cassette recorder (VCR), and the rotary digital audio tape (R-DAT) recorders are discussed. The future of rotary head recorders for consumer digital VCRs, professional high-definition TV (HDTV) VTRs, and consumer HDTV VCRs is assessed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
56Gb/s PAM4 and NRZ SerDes transceivers in 40nm CMOS (2015)

This paper presents 56Gb/s PAM4 and NRZ SerDes transceivers (TRXs), designed and fabricated in advance CMOS technology. Incorporating broadband techniques, noise suppression skills, and clock extraction circuits, this work demonstrates feasibility of 56Gb/s SerDes and compares tradeoffs between the two data format.
A Comparison between Metaheuristics as Strategies for Minimizing Cyclic Instability in Ambient Intelligence (2012)

In this paper we present a comparison between six novel approaches to the fundamental problem of cyclic instability in Ambient Intelligence. These approaches are based on different optimization algorithms, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Bee Swarm Optimization (BSO), micro Particle Swarm Optimization (μ-PSO), Artificial Immune System (AIS), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Mutual Information Maximization for Input Clustering (MIMIC). In order to be able to use these algorithms, we introduced the concept of Average Cumulative Oscillation (ACO), which enabled us to measure the average behavior of the system. This approach has the advantage that it does not need to analyze the topological properties of the system, in particular the loops, which can be computationally expensive. In order to test these algorithms we used the well-known discrete system called the Game of Life for 9, 25, 49 and 289 agents. It was found that PSO and μ-PSO have the best performance in terms of the number of agents locked. These results were confirmed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. This novel and successful approach is very promising and can be used to remove instabilities in real scenarios with a large number of agents (including nomadic agents) and complex interactions and dependencies among them.
Maternal Second Trimester Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor- -soluble Receptor p55 (sTNFp55) and Subsequent Risk of Preeclampsia (1999)

Preeclampsia is characterized by diffuse vascular endothelial dysfunction. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), which plays a key role in the cytokine network responsible for immunoregulation, is also known to contribute to endothelial dysfunction and other metabolic disturbances noted in preeclampsia. Results from cross-sectional studies and one longitudinal study indicate that TNF-alpha (or its soluble receptor, sTNFp55) is increased in the peripheral circulation and amniotic fluid of women with preeclampsia as compared with normotensive women. Between December 1993 and August 1994, prediagnostic sTNFp55 concentrations (a marker of excessive TNF-alpha release) were measured in 35 women with preeclampsia and 222 normotensive women to determine whether elevations precede the clinical manifestation of the disorder. Logistic regression procedures were used to calculate maximum likelihood estimates of odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Mean second trimester (15-22 weeks' gestation) serum sTNFp55 concentrations, measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, were 14.4% higher in preeclamptic women than in normotensive controls (716.6 pg/ml (standard deviation 193.6) vs. 626.4 pg/ml (standard deviation 158.0); p = 0.003). The relative risk of preeclampsia increased across successively higher quintiles of sTNFp55 (odds ratios were 1.0, 1.3, 2.1, and 3.7, with the lowest quintile used as the referent; p for trend = 0.007). After adjustment for maternal age, adiposity, and parity, the relative risk between extreme quintiles was 3.3 (95% confidence interval 0.8-13.4). These findings indicate that the level of TNF-alpha in maternal circulation is increased prior to the clinical manifestation of the disorder, and they are consistent with the hypothesized role of cytokines in mediating endothelial dysfunction and the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Further work is needed to identify modifiable risk factors for the excessive synthesis and release of TNF-alpha in pregnancy, and to assess whether lowering of TNF-alpha concentrations in pregnancy alters the incidence and severity of preeclampsia.
Design and implementation of micro cinema management system based on OTO (2016)

In this paper, combined with the current situation of the copyright management of the micro-video and how to visually show the management system design of the micro-video cinema, and make the research and design based on the existing micro-video collaboration and exchange platform which name is called China VEC. It gives a functional requirements analysis and design of the overall structure of cinema management system from the global level, combined with the application and implementation of micro-video licensing deals and eventually made a complete design. The core part of this paper was the system design and development of nine function modules, including access to the latitude and longitude of the address information under the line of micro-video which has been authorized, the timing crawl homepage data and praise amount updated and reordered regularly, the circular scrolling display of the information of authorized micro-video purchased by the user. Finally, combining with the logical relationship between the general functional requirements and modules, the whole micro cinema management system on OTO was tested and the running result analysis were included and also put forward the improvement of the system deficiencies.
Piperine, a Component of Black Pepper, Inhibits Adipogenesis by Antagonizing PPARγ Activity in 3T3-L1 Cells (2012)

This study investigated the antiadipogenic activity of black pepper extract and its constituent piperine in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms. Both black pepper extract and piperine, without affecting cytotoxicity, strongly inhibited the adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells. The mRNA expression of the master adipogenic transcription factors, PPARγ, SREBP-1c, and C/EBPβ, was markedly decreased. Intriguingly, mRNA levels of PPARγ target genes were also down-regulated. Moreover, a luciferase reporter assay indicated that pipierine significantly represses the rosiglitazone-induced PPARγ transcriptional activity. Finally, GST-pull down assays demonstrated that piperine disrupts the rosiglitazone-dependent interaction between PPARγ and coactivator CBP. Genome-wide analysis using microarray further supports the role of piperine in regulating genes associated with lipid metabolism. Overall, these results suggest that piperine, a major component of black pepper, attenuates fat cell differentiation by down-regulating PPARγ activity as well as suppressing PPARγ expression, thus leading to potential treatment for obesity-related diseases.
Laser-Induced Endovascular Thrombosis as a Possibility of Selective Vessel Closure (1981)

The feasibility of small blood vessel occlusion by the argon laser was investigated on an animal experimental model, the vessels of the rat mesentery. Brief vascular occlusions could be achieved by producing endovascular thrombosis, mainly around altered erythrocytes. By summation of such individual effects, the duration of the occlusion could be decisively prolonged. This appears to be a way of delicately coagulating small vessels, i.e. with maintenance of vessel wall continuity.
plot2DO: a tool to assess the quality and distribution of genomic data (2017)

Abstract Summary Micrococcal nuclease digestion followed by deep sequencing (MNase-seq) is the most used method to investigate nucleosome organization on a genome-wide scale. We present plot2DO , a software package for creating 2D occupancy plots, which allows biologists to evaluate the quality of MNase-seq data and to visualize the distribution of nucleosomes near the functional regions of the genome ( e.g . gene promoters, origins of replication, etc.). Availability And Implementation The plot2DO open source package is freely available on GitHub at https://github.com/rchereji/plot2DO under the MIT license. Contact razvan.chereji@nih.gov Supplementary Information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Systems Modeling at Multiple Levels of Regulation: Linking Systems and Genetic Networks to Spatially Explicit Plant Populations (2013)

Selection and adaptation of individuals to their underlying environments are highly dynamical processes, encompassing interactions between the individual and its seasonally changing environment, synergistic or antagonistic interactions between individuals and interactions amongst the regulatory genes within the individual. Plants are useful organisms to study within systems modeling because their sedentary nature simplifies interactions between individuals and the environment, and many important plant processes such as germination or flowering are dependent on annual cycles which can be disrupted by climate behavior. Sedentism makes plants relevant candidates for spatially explicit modeling that is tied in with dynamical environments. We propose that in order to fully understand the complexities behind plant adaptation, a system that couples aspects from systems biology with population and landscape genetics is required. A suitable system could be represented by spatially explicit individual-based models where the virtual individuals are located within time-variable heterogeneous environments and contain mutable regulatory gene networks. These networks could directly interact with the environment, and should provide a useful approach to studying plant adaptation.
The hTH-GFP Reporter Rat Model for the Study of Parkinson's Disease (2014)

Parkinson disease (PD) is the second leading neurodegenerative disease in the US. As there is no known cause or cure for PD, researchers continue to investigate disease mechanisms and potential new therapies in cell culture and in animal models of PD. In PD, one of the most profoundly affected neuronal populations is the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-expressing dopaminergic (DA) neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). These DA-producing neurons undergo degeneration while neighboring DA-producing cells of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are largely spared. To aid in these studies, The Michael J. Fox Foundation (MJFF) partnered with Thomas Jefferson University and Taconic Inc. to generate new transgenic rat lines carrying the human TH gene promoter driving EGFP using a 11 kb construct used previously to create a hTH-GFP mouse reporter line. Of the five rat founder lines that were generated, three exhibited high level specific GFP fluorescence in DA brain structures (ie. SN, VTA, striatum, olfactory bulb, hypothalamus). As with the hTH-GFP mouse, none of the rat lines exhibit reporter expression in adrenergic structures like the adrenal gland. Line 12141, with its high levels of GFP in adult DA brain structures and minimal ectopic GFP expression in non-DA structures, was characterized in detail. We show here that this line allows for anatomical visualization and microdissection of the rat midbrain into SNpc and/ or VTA, enabling detailed analysis of midbrain DA neurons and axonal projections after toxin treatment in vivo. Moreover, we further show that embryonic SNpc and/or VTA neurons, enriched by microdissection or FACS, can be used in culture or transplant studies of PD. Thus, the hTH-GFP reporter rat should be a valuable tool for Parkinson's disease research.
Different Stability of Free and Complexed Prostate-Specific Antigen in Serum in Relation to Specimen Handling and Storage Conditions (2000)

The effect of sample collection, storage conditions (time and temperature), and freeze-thaw cycles on the stability of free prostate-specific antigen (fPSA), PSA complexed with alpha1-antichymotrypsin (ACT-PSA), and total PSA (tPSA) in serum was studied. The analytes were quantified using immunoassays for tPSA and fPSA on the Elecsys system 2010 and a research assay for ACT-PSA on the ES system (Roche Diagnostics). The stability of the analytes was calculated as percentages of the values measured in samples 1 h after blood collection. When the samples were stored at 37 degrees C, at room temperature or at 4 degrees C, the stability of ACT-PSA was less impaired than that of fPSA. To avoid erroneous results in the determination of PSA isoforms and their corresponding ratios, serum samples should be preserved at 4 degrees C when the analysis is performed within 8 h after blood collection, or they should be stored at -80 degrees C if the analysis is not feasible during that period.