gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Context-dependent functions of angiopoietin 2 are determined by the endothelial phosphatase VEPTP (2018)

The angiopoietin (ANGPT)-TIE2/TEK signaling pathway is essential for blood and lymphatic vascular homeostasis. ANGPT1 is a potent TIE2 activator, whereas ANGPT2 functions as a context-dependent agonist/antagonist. In disease, ANGPT2-mediated inhibition of TIE2 in blood vessels is linked to vascular leak, inflammation, and metastasis. Using conditional knockout studies in mice, we show TIE2 is predominantly activated by ANGPT1 in the cardiovascular system and by ANGPT2 in the lymphatic vasculature. Mechanisms underlying opposing actions of ANGPT2 in blood vs. lymphatic endothelium are poorly understood. Here we show the endothelial-specific phosphatase VEPTP (vascular endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase) determines TIE2 response to ANGPT2. VEPTP is absent from lymphatic endothelium in mouse in vivo, permitting ANGPT2/TIE2-mediated lymphangiogenesis. Inhibition of VEPTP converts ANGPT2 into a potent TIE2 activator in blood endothelium. Our data support a model whereby VEPTP functions as a rheostat to modulate ANGPT2 ligand effect on TIE2.
Effect of Shift, Schedule, and Volume on Interpretive Accuracy: A Retrospective Analysis of 2.9 Million Radiologic Examinations (2017)

Purpose To determine whether there is an association between radiologist shift length, schedule, or examination volume and interpretive accuracy. Materials and Methods This study was institutional review board approved and HIPAA compliant. A retrospective analysis of all major discrepancies from a 2015 quality assurance database of a teleradiology practice was performed. Board-certified radiologists provided initial preliminary interpretations. Discrepancies were identified during a secondary review by a practicing radiologist or through an internal quality assurance process and were vetted through a consensus radiology quality assurance committee. Unique anonymous radiologist identifiers were used to link the discrepancies to radiologists' shifts and schedules. Data were analyzed by using analysis of variance, t test, or χ<sup>2</sup> test. Results A total of 4294 major discrepancies resulted from 2 922 377 examinations (0.15%). There was a significant difference for shift length (P < .0001) and volume (P < .0001) for shifts with versus those without discrepancies. On average, errors occurred a mean (± standard deviation) of 8.97 hours ± 2.28 into the shift (median, 10 hours; interquartile range, 2.0 hours). Significantly more errors occurred late in shifts than early (P < .0001), peaking between 10 and 12 hours. The number of major discrepancies in a single shift ranged from one to four, with a significant difference in the number of discrepancies as a function of study volume (volume for all shifts, 67.60 ± 60.24; volume for shifts with major discrepancies, 118.96 ± 66.89; P < .001). Despite a trend for more discrepancies after more consecutive days worked, the difference was not significant (P = .0893). Conclusion Longer shifts and higher diagnostic examination volumes are associated with increased major interpretive discrepancies. These are more likely to occur later in a shift, peaking after the 10th hour of work. <sup>©</sup> RSNA, 2017.
Efficacy and causal mechanism of an online social media intervention to increase physical activity: Results of a randomized controlled trial (2015)

ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02267369.
The blood brain barrier in HIV infection (2004)

The blood brain barrier (BBB) serves as a protective mechanism for the brain. It prevents entry of pernicious substances, whether chemical or cellular, from free access to the CNS. In essence, it is a defense mechanism preserving the internal milieu of the brain. The BBB may be disrupted by a number of pathological processes. CNS infection is a well recognized cause of BBB disruption. Among the CNS infections demonstrated to affect the BBB is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV infects the brain shortly after its acquisition. Studies of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as well as dynamic studies of contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging have confirmed abnormalities of the BBB in HIV-infected persons. Pathological studies of the CNS have confirmed the in vivo studies, and in vitro studies have identified a range of pathogenic mechanisms of HIV-associated BBB compromise. This disruption of the BBB may not only contribute to accelerating brain infection by HIV, but may also alter CNS function. Additionally, BBB disruption has implications with respect to antiretroviral therapy. This review will address these issues.
Fos and Jun Inhibit Estrogen-Induced Transcription of the Human Progesterone Receptor Gene through an Activator Protein-1 Site (2003)

The progesterone receptor (PR) gene is activated by estrogen in normal reproductive tissues and in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Although it is typically thought that estrogen responsiveness is mediated through estrogen response elements (EREs), the human PR gene lacks a palindromic ERE sequence. We have identified an activating protein-1 (AP-1) site at +745 in the human PR gene that bound purified Fos and Jun and formed a complex with Fos/Jun heterodimers present in MCF-7 nuclear extracts. Surprisingly, mutating the +745 AP-1 site in the context of a 1.5-kb region of the PR gene significantly enhanced estrogen receptor (ER) alpha-mediated transactivation, suggesting that the wild-type +745 AP-1 site plays a role in inhibiting PR gene expression in the presence of hormone. In support of this idea, transient transfection assays demonstrated that increasing levels of Fos and Jun repressed transcription of a reporter plasmid containing the +745 AP-1 site. Fos levels were transiently increased, ERalpha levels were decreased, and Jun was dephosphorylated after MCF-7 cells were treated with estrogen. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that Jun was associated with the +745 AP-1 site in the endogenous PR gene in the presence and in the absence of estrogen, but that ERalpha and Fos were only associated with the +745 AP-1 site after estrogen treatment of MCF-7 cells. Our studies suggest that the human PR gene is regulated by multiple transcription factors and that the differential binding of these dynamically regulated trans-acting factors influences gene expression.
Deletion and Site-directed Mutagenesis of the ATP-binding Motif (P-loop) in the Bifunctional Murine Atp-Sulfurylase/Adenosine 5′-Phosphosulfate Kinase Enzyme (1998)

The P-loop is a common motif found in ATP- and GTP-binding proteins. The recently cloned murine ATP-sulfurylase/adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (APS) kinase contains a P-loop (residues 59-66) in the APS kinase portion of the bifunctional protein. A series of enzymatic assays covering the multiplicity of functions of this unique protein (reverse ATP-sulfurylase, APS kinase, and an overall assay) were used to determine the effect of deleting or altering specific residues constituting this motif. In addition to the full-length cDNA construct (1MSK), two deletion mutants that progressively shortened the N terminus by 34 amino acids (2MSK) and 70 amino acids (3MSK) were designed to examine the effects of translation initiation before (2MSK) and after (3MSK) the P-loop. The 2MSK protein possessed sulfurylase and kinase activity equivalent to the full-length construct, but 3MSK exhibited no kinase activity and reduced sulfurylase activity. In light of the evident importance of this motif, a number of site-directed mutants were designed to investigate the contribution of key residues. Mutation of a highly conserved lysine in the P-loop to alanine (K65A) or arginine (K65R) or the following threonine (T66A) to alanine ablated APS kinase activity while leaving ATP-sulfurylase activity intact. Three mutations (G59A, G62A, and G64A) addressed the role of the conserved glycines as follows: G64A showed diminished APS kinase activity only, whereas G62A had no effect on either activity. G59A caused a significant decrease in ATP-sulfurylase activity without effect on APS kinase activity. A series of highly conserved flanking cysteines (Cys-53, Cys-77, and Cys-83) were mutated to alanine, but none of these mutations showed any effect on either enzyme activity.
La revolución inadvertida (2015)

A partir del impacto cientico que ha tenido el libro Hacia un nuevo saber: La bioetica en la revolucion contemporanea del saber del Decano de la Facultad de Filosofia e Historia de la Universidad de La Habana, Dr. en Ciencias Filosocas Carlos Delgado, se realizo una conversacion con el para aclarar algunos de los principales conceptos y presupuestos del texto, asi como la actualizacion de algunas de las propuestas del Dr. Carlos Delgado.
Innovative embodiment of job interview in emotionally aware communication robot (2011)

Emotions form an important component of human behavior and decision making. This paper reports on the embodiment of emotions and other human attributes like gestures, speech and motion in a communication robot for conducting a job interview and measuring emotional and cultural fitness of a candidate for a sales job. The contributions include enhanced information quality for managerial decision making, customization of follow up face to face interviews, and enhancement of social interaction between people and communication robot in interview situations.
Accuracy of human sperm DNA oxidation quantification and threshold determination using an 8-OHdG immuno-detection assay (2018)

This work was funded by institutional grants from the CNRS, INSERM and Université Clermont Auvergne (to J.R.D.) and by Clermont-Ferrand Hospital-CECOS research funds (to L.J. and F.B.). P.G., A.M., R.J.A. and J.D. are, respectively, CEO, scientific director and scientific advisors of a US-based biotech company (Celloxess, Princeton, NJ, USA) involved in preventative medicine with a focus on the generation of antioxidant oral supplements.
Anisotropy of Photocatalytic Properties in Nanostructured Photocatalysts (2016)

Energy band engineering and the nature of surface/interface of a semiconductor play a significant role in searching high efficiency photocatalysts. Actually, the active facets, morphology controlling, especially the exposed facets modulation of photocatalysts during preparation are very desirable. In order to achieve high photocatalytic performance, intrinsic mechanism of such anisotropic properties should be fully considered. In this review, we mainly emphasis on the latest research developments of several extensively investigated photocatalysts and their anisotropic photocatalytic properties, as well as the correlation between effective masses anisotropy and photocatalytic properties. It will be helpful to understand the photocatalytic mechanism and promote rational development of photocatalyst for wide applications.
Successful use of Gamma Knife surgery in a distal lenticulostriate artery aneurysm intervention (2011)

We report a case of a 21-year-old woman who underwent radiosurgical treatment of a distal lenticulostriate artery (LSA) aneurysm. Twenty-two months after treatment, repeat angiography demonstrated patency of the parent vessel and complete obliteration of the aneurysm. Our case implies that Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) might serve as an alternative microinvasive technique in the treatment of LSA aneurysms, making this procedure a potential addition to present methods.
Heterocycles [h]-Fused to 4-Oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic Acid. Part IX. Synthesis of 2,6-Dioxotetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-h]quinoline-7-carboxylic Acid (2011)

Interaction of deprotonated malonic esters with 7-chloro-8-nitro-4oxoquinoline-3-carboxylate (1) gave the respective 7-[bis(alkoxycarbonyl)methyl] derivatives (2, 3) which were converted into the corresponding 7-(carboxymethyl)-8-nitro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (4).Reductive lactamization of the latter furnished the target tetrahydro-2,6-dioxo-1H-pyrrolo-[3,2-h]quinoline-7-carboxylic acid (5).Both compounds 4 and 5 exhibited broad spectrum of high antibacterial activity against representatives of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria classes, but were less potent than the reference ciprofloxacin.[4][5] Examples include ciprofloxacin, 3 levofloxacin 4 and moxifloxacin 5 (Figure 1).][8][9][10][11][12][13] Amongst these are the spiro[pyrrolidine-3,3-oxindole] alkaloids 7,8 e.g.horsfiline, 8 3-substituted-3-hydroxyoxindoles 9,10 e.g.convolutamydine A, 10 and 3-alkenyl-oxindoles 11,12 e.g.soulieotine 12 and the synthetic antitumor drug sunitinib (sutent  ) 13 (Figure 2).
Synthesis of (2R,3S,22S,23S)-2,3,22,23-tetrahydroxy-<scp>B</scp>-homo-7-aza-5α-stigmastan-6-one, an aza-analogue of homobrassinolide (1986)

(2R,3S,22S,23S)-2,3,22,23-Tetrahydroxy-B-homo-7-aza-5α-stigmastan-6-one, an aza-analogue of homobrassinolide, has been synthesized starting with 5α-stigmasta-2,22-dien-6-one. Osmylation of the trimethylsilyl enol ether of this dienone afforded (2R,3S,7S,22S,23S)-2,3,7,22,23-pentahydroxy-5α-stigmastan-6-one, which by oxidation of the acyloin group, after protection of the glycolic systems, afforded (by esterification) an aldehydo ester, which is the key intermediate for the production of the final compound by reductive amination.
Solid source MOCVD system (2023)

A system for MOCVD fabrication of superconducting and non-superconducting oxide films provides a delivery system for the feeding of metalorganic precursors for multi-component chemical vapor deposition. The delivery system can include multiple cartridges containing tightly packed precursor materials. The contents of each cartridge can be ground at a desired rate and fed together with precursor materials from other cartridges to a vaporization zone and then to a reaction zone within a deposition chamber for thin film deposition.
Divergent Functionalization of <i>N</i>‐Alkyl‐2‐alkenylanilines: Efficient Synthesis of Substituted Indoles and Quinolines (2018)

An efficient divergent functionalization of N-alkylated ortho-alkenylanilines to substituted indoles and quinolines has been accomplished by employing rhodium-catalyzed cross-dehydrogenative coupling and silver-mediated oxidative cyclization, respectively. The developed methods tolerate various functional groups and allow the synthesis of substituted indoles and quinolines in good to excellent yield. Synthetic utility is demonstrated through conversion to an indole with antimicrobial activity and C-H bond functionalization of 2-arylquinolines. Furthermore, a plausible mechanism was proposed based on preliminary mechanistic investigations.
Erythropoietin — from gene structure to therapeutic applications (1995)

All forms of oxygen deprivation act as a stimulus for the production of the hormone erythropoietin. The main sites of production are specialized renal fibroblasts in adult mammals and hepatic cells in mammalian fetuses and neonates. The hormone's name is a succint description of its main effect: erythropoietin stimulates red cell production from bone marrow precursors and hence controls the O2-carrying capacity of the blood. The peripheral red cell count is kept constant by a closely controlled feedback mechanism involving O2 supply, erythropoietin secretion and erythropoiesis; the system may become unbalanced in conditions such as chronic renal disease, chronic inflammation and prematurity. Recombinant human erythropoietin is used as hormonal replacement therapy to correct various types of anemia and replenish the red cell count following hemorrhage or blood donation for autologous transfusion.
Changes in activation gating of I<sub>sK</sub> potassium currents brought about by mutations in the transmembrane sequence (1994)

Expression of the rat kidney IsK protein in Xenopus oocytes produces slowly-activating potassium channel currents. We have investigated the relationship between structure and function of the single putative membrane-spanning domain using site-directed mutagenesis. Six mutants were constructed in which consecutive individual amino acids (53 to 58) of the transmembrane region were substituted by cysteine. Expression of four of these mutants in Xenopus oocytes resulted in currents which were similar to wild-type. However, for one mutant (position 55) activation curves were shifted in a hyperpolarising direction and for another mutant (position 58) activation curve were shifted in a depolarising direction. This suggests that the hydrophobic phenylalanine residues at positions 55 and 58 may play a critical role in IsK activation gating. This spacing of functional amino acids at every third residue may indicate an alpha-helical conformation for the membrane-spanning domain of IsK. Furthermore, these results also indicate that one face of the helix may represent a region of subunit association.
Space-Time Codes for Optical Fiber Communication with Polarization Multiplexing (2010)

Polarization effects may induce severe performances degradation in polarization multiplexed optical fiber transmissions. Those systems can be seen as 2×2 multi-antennas systems as the emitted polarizations can be considered as 2 input signals and the received polarizations as 2 output signals. Therefore, Space-Time code can be used to take benefit of this configuration and enhance the transmission performances but they have to be combined with optical OFDM to suppress the fiber dispersion and allow their decoding. In wireless 2×2 multi-antennas systems, the Golden and the Silver code are respectively the two best Space- Time codes so, we propose to use those two codes on polarization multiplexed systems. The performances of the Space-Time codes on the optical fiber channel are different than on the wireless channel. Simulations show than the Silver code outperforms the Golden code. Nevertheless, we also show that Space-Time coding can dramatically mitigate the polarization dependent loss (PDL) impairments.
The effect of NaCl concentration on the ionic NaCl solutions electrical impedance value using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods (2018)

NaCl solution is a strong electrolyte that can produce Na+ and Cl− ions. Measurements of impedance values of dielectric materials have been widely applied, but for materials containing many ions such as electrolyte solutions still carried out today. This paper analyzes the relationship between concentrations and the electrical impedance value of NaCl solutions. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method is applied by injecting an electrochemical stimulus in the form of an electric current of one milli-ampere into NaCl solutions. Response output voltage was recorded using PicoScope S-5000. The impedance measurement uses two needle electrodes made of gold in the frequency range 1 Hz to 1 MHz. The sample of NaCl solutions used in NaCl and water ratio is 0.01-3.00%. The electrical impedance of the NaCl solutions decreases with the increase in concentration of NaCl solutions.
Seamless GPS/Inertial Navigation System Based on Self-Learning Square-Root Cubature Kalman Filter (2020)

To improve the seamless navigation ability of an integrated Global Positioning System (GPS)/inertial navigation system in GPS-denied environments, a hybrid navigation strategy called the self-learning square-root- cubature Kalman filter (SL-SRCKF) is proposed in this article. The SL-SRCKF process contains two innovative steps: 1) it provides the traditional SRCKF with a self-learning ability, which means that navigation system observations can be provided continuously, even during long-term GPS outages; and 2) the relationship between the current Kalman filter gains and the optimal estimation error is established, which means that the optimal estimation accuracy can be improved by error compensation. The superiority of the proposed SL-SRCKF strategy is verified via experimental results and prominent advantages of this approach include: 1) the SL-SRCKF comprises two cycle filtering systems that work in a tightly coupled mode, and this allows more accurate error correction results to be obtained during GPS outages; 2) the system's error prediction ability is effectively improved by introducing a long short-term memory, which provides much better performance than other neural networks, such as random forest regression or the recursive neural network; and 3) under different (30, 60, and 100 s) GPS outage conditions, the long-term stability of SL-SRCKF is much better than that of other error correction approaches.
Novel low-cost beam-steering techniques using microstrip patch antenna arrays fed by dielectric image lines (1999)

This paper presents novel low-cost beam-steering techniques using microstrip patch antenna arrays fed by dielectric image lines (DILs). Two approaches are designed and used. The first, DILs without reflector plate, are used for feeding microstrip patch antenna arrays. Antenna array radiation beams are scanned when the operating frequency sweeps. The second, a dielectric image line with a movable reflector plate (DILWRP), is developed. The beam direction of the antenna array is controlled and steered by changing the perturbation distance between DIL and movable reflector plate at a given operating frequency. Both types of patch antenna array structures are simple, low cost, easily fabricated, stable, and reliable. Eight-element patch antenna arrays fed by DIL and DILWRP have been designed, fabricated, and tested. Experiments show good performance and results. Measurement results of scanning angles agree well with theoretical predictions.
Bioavailability of a Sustained‐Release Dyphylline Formulation (1977)

The bioavailability of dyphylline from sustained-release tablets, studied in seven normal subjects given a single dose of the drug, was 67.8 per cent of that from conventional tablets. In three subjects given 40 mg/kg dyphylline as sustained-release tablets every 8 hours for four days, serum dyphylline concentrations were maintained above 7.88 microng/ml once steady state was achieved. No adverse effects were noted, though in one subject peak serum dyphylline concentrations reached 30 microng/ml after multiple doses.
<title>Characterization of GRIN-SCH-SQW amplifiers</title> (1991)

The performance of AlGaAs/GaAs GRIN-SCH-SQW ridge waveguide amplifiers has been characterized as a function of the rib-width, the amplifier bias and the master oscillator injection power. The results of this study revealed that the mode width is weakly dependent on the rib-width, the bias voltage increases with the injection signal level, and the 3 dB gain bandwidth is approximately 45 nm.
Mechanisms of Actions of Inhaled Anesthetics (2003)

“Suffering so great as I underwent cannot be expressed in words . . . but the blank whirlwind of emotion, the horror of great darkness, and the sense of desertion by God and man, which swept through my mind, and overwhelmed my heart, I can never forget.”1 Such was the experience of surgery before October 1846, when William Morton's successful public demonstration of ether anesthesia at Massachusetts General Hospital led to its widespread acceptance by surgeons. Today, anesthesiologists employ a wide variety of drugs, some of which they use exclusively to produce general anesthesia.2,3 This review focuses on the . . .