gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Performance of Poly-Si Thin Film Transistors Using Fluorine Ions Implantation (2005)

Fluorine (F)-implanted polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistor (poly-Si TFT) are proposed for the enhancement of device performance. A significant improvement in electrical characteristics, such as ratio, and field effect mobility, can be realized in the new thin-film transistor. The field effect mobility for F-implanted poly-Si TFTs is , and higher than in conventional SPC poly-Si TFTs. Furthermore, the F-implanted poly-Si TFT exhibits high immunity against hot carrier effect and improved electrical reliability. The manufacturing processes are simple and without additional thermal annealing steps, thereby compatible with the conventional TFT fabrication processes.
Generalized and quadratic eigenvalue problems with hermitian matrices. (2012)

Eigenvalue and eigenvector computations are extremely important and have various applications in engineering, physics and other scientific disciplines. The aim of this study is partly to examine the existing methods used to solve the generalized eigenvalue problem GEP and the Quadratic eigenvalue problem QEP with definite Hermitian matrices. Furthermore, the research investigates new algorithms and computer programs that reduce the cost of eigenpair (eigenvalue, eigenvector) computations and improve the speed of eigenpair solutions.
A precise cyclic CMOS time-to-digital converter with low thermal sensitivity (2005)

In this paper, a precise cyclic CMOS time-to-digital converters (TDC) with low thermal sensitivity is proposed. Through compensation, the thermal sensitivity of the new cyclic time-to-digital converter is reduced dramatically. The proposed TDC possesses not only less thermal-sensitive resolution but also low cost and small chip size. The circuit was fabricated with TSMC 0.35 mum CMOS technology. The size of the circuit is 0.40 mm times 0.30 mm only. The experimental results show that a plusmn6% resolution variation of the new TDC was achieved within 0~100degC temperature range which is much better than plusmn25% of the original uncompensated version. The effective resolution is as fine as 58 ps at room temperature. The measurement rate is 33 kHz, at least.
Mechanisms of Amphetamine Action Revealed in Mice Lacking the Dopamine Transporter (1998)

Amphetamine (AMPH) inhibits uptake and causes release of dopamine (DA) from presynaptic terminals. AMPH can act on both vesicular storage of DA and directly on the dopamine transporter (DAT). To assess the relative importance of these two processes, we have examined the releasing actions of AMPH in mice with a genetic deletion of the DAT. The sequence of actions of AMPH has been determined by following the real time changes of DA in the extracellular fluid of intact tissue with fast scan cyclic voltammetry. In striatal slices from wild-type mice, AMPH causes a gradual (approximately 30 min) increase in extracellular DA, with a concomitant disappearance of the pool of DA available for depolarization-evoked release. Conversely, in slices from mice lacking the DAT, although a similar disappearance of electrically stimulated DA release occurs, extracellular DA does not increase. Similarly, microdialysis measurements of DA after AMPH in freely moving animals show no change in mice lacking the DAT, whereas it increases 10-fold in wild-type mice. In contrast, redistribution of DA from vesicles to the cytoplasm by the use of a reserpine-like compound, Ro4-1284, does not increase extracellular DA in slices from wild-type animals; however, subsequent addition of AMPH induces rapid (<5 min) release of DA. Thus, the DAT is required for the releasing action, but not the vesicle-depleting action, of AMPH on DA neurons, and the latter represents the rate-limiting step in the effects of AMPH. Furthermore, these findings suggest that in the absence of pharmacological manipulation, such as the use of amphetamine, endogenous cytoplasmic DA normally does not reach sufficient concentrations to reverse the DAT.
Suppressor Analysis Reveals a Role for SecY in the SecA2-Dependent Protein Export Pathway of Mycobacteria (2013)

All bacteria use the conserved Sec pathway to transport proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane, with the SecA ATPase playing a central role in the process. Mycobacteria are part of a small group of bacteria that have two SecA proteins: the canonical SecA (SecA1) and a second, specialized SecA (SecA2). The SecA2-dependent pathway exports a small subset of proteins and is required for Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence. The mechanism by which SecA2 drives export of proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane remains poorly understood. Here we performed suppressor analysis on a dominant negative secA2 mutant (secA2 K129R) of the model mycobacterium Mycobacterium smegmatis to better understand the pathway used by SecA2 to export proteins. Two extragenic suppressor mutations were identified as mapping to the promoter region of secY, which encodes the central component of the canonical Sec export channel. These suppressor mutations increased secY expression, and this effect was sufficient to alleviate the secA2 K129R phenotype. We also discovered that the level of SecY protein was greatly diminished in the secA2 K129R mutant, but at least partially restored in the suppressors. Furthermore, the level of SecY in a suppressor strongly correlated with the degree of suppression. Our findings reveal a detrimental effect of SecA2 K129R on SecY, arguing for an integrated system in which SecA2 works with SecY and the canonical Sec translocase to export proteins.
Kinetic and Thermodynamic Analyses of Chemical Vapor Deposition of Aluminum Nitride (1991)

AIN coatings were prepared by chemical vapor deposition from the AlCl 3 —NH 3 —Ar reagent system using an impinging jet reactor in the temperature range of 700° to 1100°C. A mass transfer model and thermodynamic calculations were used to analyze the deposition data. The AIN‐CVD process could be approximated by calculating mass transfer—thermodynamic limits at low AlCl 3 concentrations. The AIN deposition rate decreased drastically with increasing temperature above 1000°C in agreement with thermodynamic predictions. At high AlCl 3 concentrations, a surface kinetic mechanism involving AlCl 3 adsorbed on the deposition surface appeared to be the rate‐limiting step. The AIN deposition rate decreased on increasing the AlCl 3 concentration or total pressure. The crystalline structure of AIN was strongly influenced by the processing parameters. The AIN coatings became highly crystalline and preferentially oriented with an increase in the AlCl 3 concentration or pressure.
Covalent coupling of pullulanase to an acrylic copolymer using a water soluble carbodi‐imide (1972)

Abstract Pullulanase (EC 3.2.1.9) prepared from a culture of Acrobacter aerogenes has been covalently bound to an inert crosslinked copolymer of aerylamide‐acrylic acid by using a water‐soluble carbodi‐imide. The binding yield based on the amount of added pullulanase was 34%. The residual enzymic activity was 43%, of that of free enzyme. Coupling in the presence of the substrate pullulan gave a 5‐fold increase in activity over that obtained when substrate was lacking. The effect of different carbodi‐imide concentrations on the coupling has been investigated. The isoelectric point of the pullulanase preparation (3.5–4.0) was determined using isoelectric, focusing, in order to find optimal pH conditions for the coupling procedure. The immobilized pullulanase in a packed bed column was used to debranch amylopeetin to low molecular weight amylose.
Width and wavelength-tunable optical RZ pulse generation and RZ-to-NRZ format conversion at 10 GHz using spectral line-by-line control (2005)

We demonstrate a method for tunable optical return-to-zero (RZ) pulse generation with large tunable wavelength range (1532/spl sim/1562 nm) and pulsewidth range (/spl sim/3-50 ps) at 10 GHz based on spectral line-by-line pulse shaping of a wavelength-tunable mode-locked laser. All-optical RZ-to-nonreturn-to-zero format conversion is also demonstrated.
Access 2002 Enterprise Developer's Handbook (2001)

From the Publisher:
 This updated edition of the Sybex best-selling book focuses on developing Access applications that take full advantage of the enterprise.
 With greatly expanded coverage of client/server and Internet development, users learn how to create SQL Server stored procedures, program Access Data Pages, and deploy applications using COM+. 
 Written by acknowledged Access experts, this book is the most comprehensive solution
with the most usable code
of any book on the market.
Noninvasive Focused Ultrasound for Neuromodulation (2018)

This article covers noninvasive focused ultrasound (FUS) and its potential for neuromodulation. Although diagnostic uses of ultrasound are well known, its potential to noninvasively alter brain activity is a relatively new subject of research. Low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) is a potential future alternative modality to other noninvasive neuromodulation techniques. This article aims at providing an updated review of the literature related to the role of LIFU in neuromodulation and the progress of animal as well as human research done on this topic. It also includes a critical review of the safety concerns slowing the translation of LIFU research into clinical trials.
Multi-objective counterfactual fairness (2022)

When machine learning is used to automate judgments, e.g. in areas like lending or crime prediction, incorrect decisions can lead to adverse effects for affected individuals. This occurs, e.g., if the data used to train these models is based on prior decisions that are unfairly skewed against specific subpopulations. If models should automate decision-making, they must account for these biases to prevent perpetuating or creating discriminatory practices. Counter-factual fairness audits models with respect to a notion of fairness that asks for equal outcomes between a decision made in the real world and a counterfactual world where the individual subject to a decision comes from a different protected demographic group. In this work, we propose a method to conduct such audits without access to the underlying causal structure of the data generating process by framing it as a multi-objective optimization task that can be efficiently solved using a genetic algorithm.
RF Device Technologies for 5G Communications (2020)

An urgent need exists to secure high-performance, versatile millimeter-wave 5G RF device technology, which will be an asset and the foundation of the future national infrastructure industry. This paper describes the required specifications and major research trends of 5G core RF devices, such as illimeter- wave 5G communication antennas, RF passive devices, and electromagnetic filter-absorbers. First, in the case of millimeter- wave 5G ntennas, the types of antennas mainly used in base stations, repeaters and mobile terminals are described, followed by recent commercialization efforts. Then, RF passive devices, such as polarization modulators for path loss compensation and non line-of-sight reduction, are presented. Lastly, the latest research trend regarding broadband filter-absorbers that can effectively suppress electromagnetic interferences is resented in detail. The authors redict that continuing advancements of the aforementioned 5G RF devices will serve as a catalyst to the proliferation of 5G+/6G communications using the sub-millimeter wave/THz spectrum.
Occurrence of arginine deiminase pathway enzymes in arginine catabolism by wine lactic Acid bacteria (1995)

l-Arginine, an amino acid found in significant quantities in grape juice and wine, is known to be catabolized by some wine lactic acid bacteria. The correlation between the occurrence of arginine deiminase pathway enzymes and the ability to catabolize arginine was examined in this study. The activities of the three arginine deiminase pathway enzymes, arginine deiminase, ornithine transcarbamylase, and carbamate kinase, were measured in cell extracts of 35 strains of wine lactic acid bacteria. These enzymes were present in all heterofermentative lactobacilli and most leuconostocs but were absent in all the homofermentative lactobacilli and pediococci examined. There was a good correlation among arginine degradation, formation of ammonia and citrulline, and the occurrence of arginine deiminase pathway enzymes. Urea was not detected during arginine degradation, suggesting that the catabolism of arginine did not proceed via the arginase-catalyzed reaction, as has been suggested in some earlier studies. Detection of ammonia with Nessler's reagent was shown to be a simple, rapid test to assess the ability of wine lactic acid bacteria to degrade arginine, although in media containing relatively high concentrations (>0.5%) of fructose, ammonia formation is inhibited.
Statistical dimensioning of insulators with respect to polluted conditions (2004)

Statistical methods for the dimensioning and specification of insulators with respect to pollution have formed the subject of many studies. However, such methods are not in widespread use due to its perceived complexity. A simple method is introduced for the dimensioning and verification of insulators with respect to polluted conditions, together with the detailed statistical method on which it was based. The statistical requirements for site assessment and the mathematical equations for the evaluation of flashover risk are presented. This basis is then used to obtain a simplified procedure to determine the minimum insulator flashover characteristic that will provide an adequate flashover performance. The selection of an appropriate test severity level for laboratory verification tests is discussed and equations are provided to calculate the test severity level from site severity measurements.
Finite element modelling of photonic crystal fibres (2007)

Photonic crystal fibre (PCF), a new kind of optical fibre, has many air-holes in their cross-section and has potential applications to new optical communication systems. The main objective of this research is the modelling of photonic crystal fibre to identify the fundamental and higher order quasi-TE and TM modes with square, ,rectangular and circular air holes in a square and hexagonal matrix, by using a rigorous full-vectorial H-field based finite element method (FEM). Besides the modal solutions of the effective indices, mode field profiles, spot sizes, modal hybridness, polarization beat length and group velocity dispersion values for equal and unequal air holes; research was carried out to optimize and design highly birefringent PCF. The variation of modal birefringence is shown through the effect of hole diameters, air hole arrangement, structural asymmetry, operating wavelength, and pitch-distance. Birefringence was enhanced by breaking the structural symmetry and this was verified by using unequal air holes. The diameter of two air holes and four air holes in the first ring was changed to break the rotational symmetry and a comparison between the two designs is made in this work. In this work, highly birefringent PCF is designed with higher operating wavelength, larger d2/A value, lower pitch length for a given structural asymmetry. It is identified that birefringence value increases rapidly when d2 is much larger than d. At lower pitch value, one of the highest birefringence values reported so far at wavelertgth of 1.55 J.Jm for an asymmetric PCF using circular air holes. A single polarization guide PCF structure is also achieved. In this study, it has been identified that for fixed d/A and d2/A value, as operating wavelength is increased, birefringence increases significantly. It can also be identified that for higher d/A values, birefringence changes rapidly with A as their corresponding cutoff condition also approaches. One important validation of this work is the existence of modal birefringence for PCF with six-fold rotational symmetry. It is shown that birefringence value of a simple PCF incorporating circular holes but of different diameters is high compared to polarization maintaining Panda or Bow-tie fibres. This research also aims to investigate the modal leakage losses of PCF, by using a semi-vectorial beam propagation method (BPM) based on the versatile FEM. The robust perfectly matched layer (PML) boundary condition has been introduced to the modal solution approach. The effects of d2/A, operating wavelength and number of air holes have been thoroughly detailed and explained. In this study, it has been identified that the confinement loss decreases significantly with the increased number of rings, lower operating wavelength and lower d2/A value. For special case, PCF with large spot-size provides higher leakage loss
Regulation of heart rate and rumen temperature in red deer: effects of season and food intake (2011)

Red deer, Cervus elaphus, like other temperate-zone animals, show a large seasonal fluctuation in energy intake and expenditure. Many seasonal phenotypic adjustments are coordinated by endogenous signals entrained to the photoperiod. The cues determining variation in the resting metabolism of ungulates remain equivocal, however, largely because of the confounding effects of food intake and thus the heat increment of feeding. To distinguish endogenous seasonal and environmental effects on metabolism, we subjected 15 female red deer to two feeding treatments, 80% food restriction and low/high protein content, over two winter seasons in a cross-over design experiment. We used rumen-located transmitters to measure heart rate and rumen temperature, which provided indices of metabolism and core body temperature, respectively. Our mixed model (R²=0.85) indicated a residual seasonal effect on mean daily heart rate that was unexplained by the pellet food treatments, activity, body mass or air temperature. In addition to an apparently endogenous down-regulation of heart rate in winter, the deer further reduced heart rate over about 8 days in response to food restriction. We found a strong correlation between rumen temperature and seasonal or periodic variation in heart rate. An effect of lowered rumen (and hence core body) temperature was enhanced during winter, perhaps owing to peripheral cooling, which is known to accompany bouts of hypometabolism. Our experimental results therefore support the hypothesis that a reduction in body temperature is a physiological mechanism employed even by large mammals, like red deer, to reduce their energy expenditure during periods of negative energy balance.
High-resolution, real-time 3D absolute coordinate measurement based on a phase-shifting method (2006)

We describe a high-resolution, real-time 3D absolute coordinate measurement system based on a phase-shifting method. It acquires 3D shape at 30 frames per second (fps), with 266K points per frame. A tiny marker is encoded in the projected fringe pattern, and detected by software from the texture image and the gamma map. Absolute 3D coordinates are obtained from the detected marker position and the calibrated system parameters. To demonstrate the performance of the system, we measure a hand moving over a depth distance of approximately 700 mm, and human faces with expressions. Applications of such a system include manufacturing, inspection, entertainment, security, medical imaging.
Tracking butterfly flight paths across the landscape with harmonic radar (2005)

For the first time, the flight paths of five butterfly species were successfully tracked using harmonic radar within an agricultural landscape. Until now, butterfly mobility has been predominantly studied using visual observations and mark-recapture experiments. Attachment of a light-weight radar transponder to the butterfly's thorax did not significantly affect behaviour or mobility. Tracks were analysed for straightness, duration, displacement, ground speed, foraging and the influence of linear landscape features on flight direction. Two main styles of track were identified: (A) fast linear flight and (B) slower nonlinear flights involving a period of foraging and/or looped sections of flight. These loops potentially perform an orientation function, and were often associated with areas of forage. In the absence of forage, linear features did not provide a guiding effect on flight direction, and only dense treelines were perceived as barriers. The results provide tentative support for non-random dispersal and a perceptual range of 100-200 m for these species. This study has demonstrated a methodology of significant value for future investigation of butterfly mobility and dispersal.
Fabrication and evaluation of porous 2,3‐dialdehydecellulose membrane as a potential biodegradable tissue‐engineering scaffold (2005)

A simple, novel method to produce porous 2,3-dialdehydecellulose (DAC) membranes as a potential tissue-engineering scaffold has been developed from methylolcellulose by the simultaneous water-induced phase separation and sodium chloride salt leaching techniques, followed by oxidation with sodium periodate in water. Membrane pores increased in size with increasing weight or particle size of the sodium chloride salt. The porosity of the membrane was not affected by the salt particle size, but it increased with an increase in the salt weight to 60%. At higher salt weight percentages, no significant change in the membrane porosity was observed. The oxidation step had no effect on the membrane porosity or pore size. All membranes with a porosity value ranging between 87 and 93% showed interconnected porous structures. The use of these membranes as a potential tissue-engineering scaffold was evaluated with the use of human neonatal skin fibroblast cells. Confocal microscopy showed cell attachment and spreading on these membranes. Immunohistochemical tests revealed the presence of collagen type III and fibronectin, indicating that the cells were viable and formed the extracellular matrix. In conclusion, the DAC membrane supports cell adhesion and proliferation and hence shows potential to be used as a tissue-engineering scaffold.
New Synthesis of Amines and Amides Mediated by Additions of Benzotriazole to Enamines and Enamides and Transformations of the Adducts (1992)

Adducts of type N-C-Bt can be obtained in which the nitrogen atom is derived from an N-vinyl non-basic heterocyclic NH compound or a secondary amide, or in which the central carbon is derived from a ketone by the addition of benzotriazole to an enamine or enamide. Thus, 9-vinylcarbazole, 1-vinylpyrrolidin-2-one and 1-(1-ethylprop-1-enyl)pyrrolidine afforded the corresponding N-(1-benzotriazolylalkyl)-substituted compounds which could be alkylated by various methods in good yield. The range of benzotriazole mediated syntheses of amines and amides is significantly extended in this way.
Cold neutron and monochromatic X-ray micro-tomography (2001)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation B. Masschaele, S. Baechler, P. Cauwels, J. Jolie, W. Mondelaers, M. Dierick; Cold neutron and monochromatic X-ray micro-tomography. AIP Conf. Proc. 12 July 2001; 576 (1): 1095–1098. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1395496 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search