gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Frequency and Time Domain Methods of Assessment of Cerebral Autoregulation in Traumatic Brain Injury (2014)

The impulse response (IR)-based autoregulation index (ARI) allows for continuous monitoring of cerebral autoregulation using spontaneous fluctuations of arterial blood pressure (ABP) and cerebral flow velocity (FV). We compared three methods of autoregulation assessment in 288 traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients managed in the Neurocritical Care Unit: (1) IR-based ARI; (2) transfer function (TF) phase, gain, and coherence; and (3) mean flow index (Mx). Autoregulation index was calculated using the TF estimation (Welch method) and classified according to the original Tiecks' model. Mx was calculated as a correlation coefficient between 10-second averages of ABP and FV using a moving 300-second data window. Transfer function phase, gain, and coherence were extracted in the very low frequency (VLF, 0 to 0.05 Hz) and low frequency (LF, 0.05 to 0.15 Hz) bandwidths. We studied the relationship between these parameters and also compared them with patients' Glasgow outcome score. The calculations were performed using both cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP; suffix 'c') as input and ABP (suffix 'a'). The result showed a significant relationship between ARI and Mx when using either ABP (r=-0.38, P<0.001) or CPP (r=-0.404, P<0.001) as input. Transfer function phase and coherence_a were significantly correlated with ARI_a and ARI_c (P<0.05). Only ARI_a, ARI_c, Mx_a, Mx_c, and phase_c were significantly correlated with patients' outcome, with Mx_c showing the strongest association.
An Energy-Efficient Reconfigurable NoC Architecture with RF-Interconnects (2013)

This paper presents a novel methodology to provide a promising solution for complex on-chip communication problems in order to reduce power consumption and delay. Our proposed reconfigurable Network-on-Chip (NoC) architecture is integrated with the radio frequency Interconnect (RF-I) with signal propagation at the speed of light. It is based on setting up express shortcut paths (ESPs) which include single-cycle multi-hop RF-I shortcut between selected pairs of NoCs cores. Hence, the packets belonging to distance nodes in the network can bypass intermediate routers while traveling through these ESPs. In this scheme, ESPs are constructed based on an energy model and performance constraints to accelerate critical communication path at the design time. Further, we also try to optimize these ESPs by using a novel flow control at a run time. Additionally, a suitable routing algorithm is suggested to support the packet to reach their destinations appropriately without struggling in congested paths. The experimental results captured by SoCs applications reveal that in comparison with the conventional NoC router, the proposed router takes 49% and 74% reduction in latency and energy, respectively besides 8.7% area overhead.
Idiopathic CD4+ T-Lymphocytopenia -- Four Patients with Opportunistic Infections and No Evidence of HIV Infection (1993)

These four patients had idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia with opportunistic infections but no evidence of HIV infection. Instead of the progressive, selective depletion of CD4+ T cells characteristic of HIV infection, some patients with idiopathic immunodeficiency have stable CD4+ cell counts accompanied by reductions in the levels of several other lymphocyte subgroups.
Designing illumination lenses and mirrors by the numerical solution of Monge–Ampère equations (2015)

We consider the inverse refractor and the inverse reflector problem. The task is to design a free-form lens or a free-form mirror that, when illuminated by a point light source, produces a given illumination pattern on a target. Both problems can be modeled by strongly nonlinear second-order partial differential equations of Monge-Ampère type. In [Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci.25, 803 (2015)MMMSEU0218-202510.1142/S0218202515500190], the authors have proposed a B-spline collocation method, which has been applied to the inverse reflector problem. Now this approach is extended to the inverse refractor problem. We explain in depth the collocation method and how to handle boundary conditions and constraints. The paper concludes with numerical results of refracting and reflecting optical surfaces and their verification via ray tracing.
Dissection of the Insulin-Sensitizing Effect of Liver X Receptor Ligands (2007)

The liver X receptors (LXRalpha and beta) are nuclear receptors that coordinate carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Treatment of insulin-resistant mice with synthetic LXR ligands enhances glucose tolerance, inducing changes in gene expression expected to decrease hepatic gluconeogenesis (via indirect suppression of gluconeogenic enzymes) and increase peripheral glucose disposal (via direct up-regulation of glut4 in fat). To evaluate the relative contribution of each of these effects on whole-body insulin sensitivity, we performed hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps in high-fat-fed insulin-resistant rats treated with an LXR agonist or a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligand. Both groups showed significant improvement in insulin action. Interestingly, rats treated with LXR ligand had lower body weight and smaller fat cells than controls. Insulin-stimulated suppression of the rate of glucose appearance (Ra) was pronounced in LXR-treated rats, but treatment failed to enhance peripheral glucose uptake (R'g), despite increased expression of glut4 in epididymal fat. To ascertain whether LXR ligands suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis directly, mice lacking LXRalpha (the primary isotype in liver) were treated with LXR ligand, and gluconeogenic gene expression was assessed. LXR activation decreased expression of gluconeogenic genes in wild-type and LXRbeta null mice, but failed to do so in animals lacking LXRalpha. Our observations indicate that despite inducing suggestive gene expression changes in adipose tissue in this model of diet-induced insulin resistance, the antidiabetic effect of LXR ligands is primarily due to effects in the liver that appear to require LXRalpha. These findings have important implications for clinical development of LXR agonists as insulin sensitizers.
Ultra-low voltage CMOS cascode amplifier (2000)

In this paper, we design a folded cascode operational transconductance amplifier in a standard CMOS process, which has a measured DC gain, a band- width and compatible input-and output voltage levels at a power supply.This is done by a novel Current Driven Bulk (CDB) technique, which reduces the MOST threshold voltage by forcing a constant current though the transistor bulk terminal.We also look at limitations and improvements of this CDB technique.
The ENTRAMI technique: Endoscopic transgluteal minimal invasive technique for implantation of a pudendal electrode under full visual control: A cadaver study (2018)

Aim The aim of this article is to describe a minimal invasive trans gluteal endoscopic approach to implant a pudendal electrode for neuromodulation under full visual control. Methods Eight trans gluteal approaches were performed on four cadavers. The sacral transforaminal percutaneous technique was performed to implant the electrode. The electrode was then picked up and placed under visual control next to the pudendal nerve. Results The first trocar was placed in the upper lateral quadrant of the gluteal region. The 0° optical system was used to help with the pneumodissection to identify the sciatic nerve. At that point a second 3 mm trocar was placed to insert a dissecting grasping forceps. In some cases, a second 3 mm trocar was placed. A step by step dissection, based on anatomical findings, was necessary to be able to locate the pudendal nerve. The electrode, which was placed percutaneously and transforaminal through S3 or S4, was picked up and placed under full visual control next to the pudendal nerve, slightly entering the Alcock's canal. The electrode was placed in an ideal manner, meaning that all 4‐contact points of the electrode are in parallel and in contact with the targeted nerve. The electrode was fixed in that ideal position at the level of the sacrospinous ligament. After placement of that electrode, an X‐ray of the pelvic area was done. Conclusions The ENTRAMI technique allows optimal pudendal electrode placement under full visual control and should now be tested in a clinical setting.
Electrochemical Deposition of Uniform Lithium on an Ni Substrate in a Nonaqueous Electrolyte (1994)

The electrochemical deposition of lithium on an Ni substrate was conducted in propylene carbonate (PC) containing 1.0 mol dm−3 . The morphology of the lithium deposited on the Ni substrate had the typical dendrite form. The electrodeposition of lithium was then performed in containing . The lithium deposited on the Ni substrate in this electrolyte had a hemispherical form, and irregular shapes were not observed. The color of the Ni electrode surface turned to brilliant blue during the electrodeposition of lithium. This indicates that the lithium surface is very smooth and uniform. After five discharge and charge cycles, there were no lithium dendrites on the electrode surface. From these results, it can be concluded that the addition of a small amount of to the electrolyte is significantly effective for the suppression to the lithium dendrite formation.
Effects of Bowman–Birk inhibitor concentrate (BBIC) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia*† (2001)

The data obtained in this trial, particularly the data suggesting that BBIC treatment may lead to reduced serum PSA levels and reduced prostate volumes, suggest that a Phase II clinical trial of BBIC for the therapy of BPH is warranted.
La investigación internacional en ayudas educativas: Estado del conocimiento 2000-2011 (2013)

La investigación sobre libros de texto en Alemania ha sido importante desde finales de la década de 1940, fue codificada en 1975 y hasta hace poco fue apoyada por la UNESCO. En 2001, el Centro de Textos Educativos y Procesos de Aprendizaje se estableció en el Colegio Universitario de Vestfold en Noruega. En Inglaterra, un grupo de investigadores sobre libros de texto se reunió en torno a la Revista Paradigma-Revista del Coloquio. Este artículo trata sobre una revisión de la investigación internacional sobre ayudas educativas en nombre de la Dirección Noruega de Educación y Formación. El estado de la cuestión dio como resultado un resumen comparativo de países, ejemplos de los resultados más importantes y listas de referencias bibliográficas. Además, el informe identificó temas poco abordados y proporcionó información sobre estudios en curso y proyectados.
A Catalytic Antibody Programmed for Torsional Activation of Amide Bond Hydrolysis (2003)

Amidase antibody 312d6, obtained against the sulfonamide hapten 4 a that mimics the transition state for hydrolysis of a distorted amide, accelerates the hydrolysis of the corresponding amides 1 a-3 a by a factor of 10(3) at pH 8. The mechanisms of both the uncatalyzed and antibody-catalyzed reactions were studied. Between pH 8 and 12 the uncatalyzed hydrolysis of N-toluoylindoles 1 a and 3 a shows a simple first-order dependence on [OH(-)], while hydrolysis of 3 a is zeroth-order in [OH(-)] below pH 8. The pH profile for hydrolysis of the corresponding tryptophan amide 2 a is more complex due to the dissociation of the zwitterion into an anion with pK(a) 9.74; hydrolysis of the zwitterionic and the anionic form of 2 a both show simple first-order dependence on [OH(-)]. Absence of (18)O exchange between H(2) (18)O/(18)OH(-) and the substrate, a normal SKIE for both 1 a (k(H)/k(D)=1.12) and 3 a (k(H)/k(D)=1.24) and the value of the Hammett constant rho for hydrolysis of p-substituted amides 3 a-e are consistent with an ester-like mechanism in which formation of the tetrahedral intermediate is rate-determining and the amine departs as anion. The 312d6-catalyzed hydrolysis of 3 a was studied between pH 7.5 and 9, and its independence of pH in this range indicates that water is the reacting nucleophile. Hydrolysis of 3 a is only partially inhibited by the sulfonamide hapten, and this indicates that non-specific catalysis by the protein accompanies the specific process. Only the nonspecific process is observed in the hydrolysis of amides 3 with para substituents other than methyl. Binding studies on the corresponding series of p-substituted sulfonamides 5 a-e confirm the high specificity of antibody 312d6 for p-methyl substituted substrates.
Smartwatch User Interface Implementation Using CNN-Based Gesture Pattern Recognition (2018)

In recent years, with an increase in the use of smartwatches among wearable devices, various applications for the device have been developed. However, the realization of a user interface is limited by the size and volume of the smartwatch. This study aims to propose a method to classify the user's gestures without the need of an additional input device to improve the user interface. The smartwatch is equipped with an accelerometer, which collects the data and learns and classifies the gesture pattern using a machine learning algorithm. By incorporating the convolution neural network (CNN) model, the proposed pattern recognition system has become more accurate than the existing model. The performance analysis results show that the proposed pattern recognition system can classify 10 gesture patterns at an accuracy rate of 97.3%.
베트남 동호(Dong Ho) 민화마을의 스토리탤링 개발 (2018)

본 연구의 목적은 베트남 박닌성이 지닌 문화적 가치를 전달하기 위하여 관광스토리텔링을 개발하고 그것의 활성화 전략을 수립하는 것으로 다음과 같은 세 가지 세부 목적을 가진다. 첫째, 문헌 고찰, 국내외 사례분석, 동향 분석 등을 통해 관광스토리텔링 모형을 개발한다. 둘째, 도출된 관광스토리 텔링 모형을 베트남 박닌성의 문화자원에 적용하여 구체적인 박닌성 관광 스 토리텔링을 개발한다. 셋째, 박닌성의 관광 스토리텔링 활성화 전략을 제시 한다. 본 연구는 문헌조사.사례조사.전문가 의견조사 등의 방법으로 수행할 것이다. 문화콘텐츠 및 스토리텔링 관련 서적,보고서.국내외 논문.기사 등을 문헌조사 및 명소 등의 사례조사, 정책 환경 및 동향분석 등을 통하여 관광스토리텔링 모형을 개발하며 전문가 의견조나는 연구의 방향성, 관광스토리텔링 모형의 적 합성, 현실 적용의 타당성, 정책과제의 현실성 등을 검증하기 위해 실시할 것이다.
New Automatic Measurement Method of the Motor Unit Action Potential Duration based on the Wavelet and Hilbert Transforms. (2008)

A new automatic method based on the wavelet and Hilbert transforms for measuring the motor unit action potential (MUAP) duration is presented in this work. A total of 182 MUAPs from two different muscles were analysed. The average MUAP waveform was wavelet-transfomed, and a particular scale of the wavelet transform was selected to avoid baseline fluctuation and high frequency noise. Then, the Hilbert transform was applied to this wavelet scale to obtain its envelope. Amplitude and slope criteria in this envelope were used to obtain the MUAP start and end points. The results of the new method were compared to the gold standard of duration marker positions obtained by manual measurement. These new method was also compared to two another automatic duration methods: a recently method developed by the authors and a conventional automatic duration algorithm. The differences between the new algorithms marker positions and the gold standard of duration marker positions were in some cases smaller than those observed with the recently published and the conventional method. Our new method for automatic measurement of MUAP duration is more accurate than other available conventional algorithms and performs better than the recent method in some cases.
Drug distribution in human hair by infrared microscopy. (1998)

Localization of drug metabolites within human hair is important in determining the pharmacokinetics of drug incorporation in hair. This information is critical to validate drug testing data from hair. Microspectroscopic probing of small areas within longitudinally microtomed hair sections provides a profile of the deposition of drug along a growth line and thus indicates localization as a function of time. Probing across individual hairs may reveal the hydrophobic/hydrophilic characteristics of the substance. Hydrophobic drugs tend to bind to the central core or medulla of the hair while hydrophilic drugs tend to be spread throughout the cortex of the hair and appear, generally, in lower concentrations per dose. Profiles of distribution with high spatial resolutions of the regions of the hair are necessary for these determinations. This information is available to a certain extent in normal infrared microscopy and enhanced in synchrotron powered infrared microscopy.
Separation of Aliphatic and Aromatic Acids, Aromatic Sulfonates, Quaternary Ammonium Compounds, and Chelating Agents on a Reversed-Phase Column Without Ion Pairing (2003)

Cleaning products contain a wide variety of components. These include inorganic materials, weak acids, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, amphoteric compounds, and nonionic materials. The separation of these generally requires the use of multichromatographic modes. A system is developed that would give the maximum information for a cleaning product in a single chromatographic run. With the use of a hydrophobic, high-carbon-loading, and a relatively hydrophobic surface reversed-phase packing, such compounds as aromatic sulfonates, quaternary ammonium compounds, weak acids, nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and nonionic materials may be separated in a single run. The mode of separation is considered to be a combination of reversed-phase, ion-suppression reversed-phase, and adsorption chromatography. The separation is made on a YMC-Packl ODS-AQl column (4.6 x 250 mm, 120 angstroms). The separation employs a gradient run starting with 0.01 N H2SO4 for 10 min followed by a gradient for 15 min to 100% acetonitrile and continuing for an additional 5 min with 100% acetonitrile. The flow rate is 1 mL/min, and the separation is monitored at 210 nm.
Replicative Oncolytic Adenoviruses in Multimodal Cancer Regimens (2003)

The use of replication-competent viruses that have a cytolytic cycle has emerged as a viable strategy (oncolytic virotherapy) to specifically kill tumor cells and the field has advanced to the point of clinical trials. A theoretical advantage of replicative oncolytic viruses is that their numbers should increase via viral replication within infected tumor cells and resulting viral progeny can then infect additional cells within the tumor mass. The life cycle of a virus involves multiple interactions between viral and cellular proteins/genes, which maximize the ability of the virus to infect and replicate within cells. Understanding such interactions has led to the design of numerous genetically engineered adenovirus (Ad) vectors that selectively kill tumor cells while sparing normal cells. These viruses have also been modified to function as therapeutic gene delivery vehicles, thus augmenting their anticancer capacity. In addition, the oncolytic mode of tumor killing differs from that of standard anticancer therapies, providing the possibility for synergistic interactions with other therapies in a multimodal antitumor approach. In this review, we describe the oncolytic Ad vectors tested in preclinical and clinical models and their use in combination with chemo-, radio-, and gene therapies.
Computer support for recording and interpreting family histories of breast and ovarian cancer in primary care (RAGs): qualitative evaluation with simulated patients (1999)

This computer program could provide the necessary support to assist assessment of genetic risk of cancer in primary care. The potential impact of computer software on the consultation should not be underestimated. This study highlights the need for careful evaluation when developing medical information systems.
Chapter 8. Mining Microbial Genomes for Metabolic Products of Cryptic Pathways (2012)

As a consequence of the ever-increasing pace of genome sequencing, the amount of microbial DNA sequence data available in public databases is growing exponentially. As of December 2010, there are 1377 complete microbial genomes and a further 3666 microbial genome projects in progress.1
Lanthanide Complexes of a Picolinate Ligand Derived from 1,4,7‐Triazacyclononane with Potential Application in Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Time‐Resolved Luminescence Imaging (2006)

The new potentially octadentate ligand, 1-(carboxymethyl)-4,7-bis[(6-carboxypyridin-2-yl)methyl]-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (H(3)bpatcn), in which two picolinate arms and one acetate arm are connected to the 1,4,7-triazacyclonane core, has been prepared. Potentiometric studies show an increased stability of the Gd(III) complex of H(3)bpatcn (logK(GdL)=15.8(2)) with respect to the Gd(III) complex of the analogous ligand 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-N,N',N''-triacetic acid (H(3)nota) (logK(GdL)=13.7), associated with an increased selectivity of H(3)bpatcn for gadolinium over calcium. The H(3)bpatcn ligand sensitises the terbium ion very efficiently, leading to a long-lived and highly luminescent terbium complex (quantum yield=43 %), in spite of the presence of a coordinated water molecule. (1)H proton NMR studies indicate that the metal ion is rigidly encapsulated by the three arms of the octadentate ligand H(3)bpatcn and that the macrocycle framework remains bound (through the five nitrogen and the three oxygen atoms) even at high temperature. A new theoretical method for interpreting the water proton relaxivity is presented. It is based on recent progresses in the description of the electronic spin relaxation and on an auxiliary probe solute. It replaces the Solomon, Bloembergen and Morgan (SBM) framework, which is questionable at low field, while avoiding resorting to simulations and/or sophisticated theories with additional unknown zero-field splitting (ZFS) parameters. The inclusion of two picolinate groups on a triazacyclononane framework affords the mono-aquo gadolinium complex [Gd(bpatcn)(H(2)O)] with favourable electron-relaxation properties (tau(eff)(S0)=125 ps). The optimisation of the electronic relaxation by ligand design is especially important to achieve high relaxivity in the new generation macromolecular complexes with long rotational correlation times.
Photothermal deflection spectra of solid (1996)

The optical absorption spectra of C 60 single crystal and thin film in the weakabsorption region have been measured by photothermal deflection spectroscopy.The optical energy gaps, corresponding to optically forbidden transitions of weak absorption, were derived from Tauc plots.On comparison with the photothermal deflection spectrum of an amorphous semiconductor, the similarity suggests that the gap region of solid C 60 can be described in terms used for amorphous semiconductors such as an Urbach edge and sub-gap defect absorption.The weak-absorption characteristics of solid C 60 are discussed.
Pharmacotherapeuetic Options for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis (2012)

Multiple sclerosis is the most common progressive and disabling neurological condition in young adults. Neuro-inflammation is an early and persistent change and forms the basis of most pharmacotherapy for this disease. Immunomodulatory drugs are mainly biologies (β-interferons, a four amino acid peptide, and a monoclonal antibody to a cell adhesion molecule on the blood-CNS barrier) that either attenuate the inflammatory response or block the movement of immune cells into the CNS. They reduce the rate of relapse, but have little or no effect on the progression of disability. The market landscape for MS drugs is in the midst of major change because the patent life of many of these medicines will soon expire, which will lead to the emergence of biosimilars. In addition, new small molecule immunomodulatory and palliative drugs have entered the market, with more in the pipeline; a number of monoclonal antibodies and other immunomodulatory drugs are also in clinical development.
You Matter to Me: The Necessity of Validation in the Composition Classroom (2018)

The Utah State University Writing Center works to create a student-centered environment that provides our students with the message that their voices matter, that they are cared for, and that they belong here. This same message needs to be carried on into our composition courses. This sense of validation enables our students to develop as communicators and leaders.