gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A study of nonlinear controllers for AC/DC boost PFC converters (2013)

Front-end AC/DC single-phase converters in typical two-stage AC/DC converters are typically implemented with linear controllers that allow them to perform input power factor correction (PFC). Such conventional PFC controllers generally have a very low bandwidth voltage loop to filter the 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nd</sup> harmonic DC bus ripple, but this loop results in from poor dynamic performance. In this paper, a comparative study of three nonlinear controllers is made. The basic principles of each controller are explained and results from prototypes of converters with each controller are presented. Based on these results, conclusions are made about the effectiveness of each controller relative to the other nonlinear controllers.
Aerosol-Chemical Vapor Deposition Method For Synthesis of Nanostructured Metal Oxide Thin Films With Controlled Morphology (2009)

An aerosol-chemical vapor deposition (ACVD) was designed to deposit nanostructured metal oxide films with controlled morphologies. Characteristic times of the different processes governing deposition of the film were used to establish the relationship of process parameters to the resultant morphology of the film. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) films were synthesized with different morphologies: dense, columnar, granular, and branched tree-type structures. The developed ACVD process was also used to deposit columnar nickel oxide (NiO) films. The various films with well-controlled characteristics (length, morphology) were used to establish the performance in solar energy applications, such as photosplitting of water to produce hydrogen. Columnar TiO2 films of 1.6 μm length with a platinum wire counter electrode resulted in 15.58% hydrogen production efficiencies under UV light illumination, which was 2.50 times higher than dense TiO2 films with a platinum wire counter electrode. On replacing the Pt counter electrode with a columnar NiO film, efficiencies of 10.98% were obtained.
Skin Friction Measurements by a Dual-Laser-Beam Interferometer Technique (1981)

A portable dual-laser-beam interferometer that nonintrusively measures skin friction by monitoring the thickness change of an oil film subject to shear stress is described. The method is an advance over past versions in that the troublesome and error-introducing need to measure the distance to the oil leading edge and the starting time for the oil flow has been eliminated. The validity of the method was verified by measuring oil viscosity in the laboratory, and then using those results to measure skin friction beneath the turbulent boundary layer in a low speed wind tunnel. The dual-laser-beam skin friction measurements are compared with Preston tube measurements, with mean velocity profile data in a "law-of-the-well" coordinate system, and with computations based on turbulent boundary-layer theory. Excellent agreement is found in all cases. (This validation and the aforementioned improvements appear to make the present form of the instrument usable to measure skin friction reliably and nonintrusively in a wide range of flow situations in which previous methods are not practical.)
Automated contour tracking and trajectory classification of pelvic organs on dynamic MRI (2018)

A method is presented to automatically track and segment pelvic organs on dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) followed by multiple-object trajectory classification to improve understanding of pelvic organ prolapse (POP). POP is a major health problem in women where pelvic floor organs fall from their normal position and bulge into the vagina. Dynamic MRI is presently used to analyze the organs' movements, providing complementary support for clinical examination. However, there is currently no automated or quantitative approach to measure the movement of the pelvic organs and their correlation with the severity of prolapse. In the proposed method, organs are first tracked and segmented using particle filters and [Formula: see text]-means clustering with prior information. Then, the trajectories of the pelvic organs are modeled using a coupled switched hidden Markov model to classify the severity of POP. Results demonstrate that the presented method can automatically track and segment pelvic organs with a Dice similarity index above 78% and Hausdorff distance of [Formula: see text] for 94 tested cases while demonstrating correlation between organ movement and POP. This work aims to enable automatic tracking and analysis of multiple deformable structures from images to improve understanding of medical disorders.
Feasibility and safety of cCD20 RNA CAR-bearing T cell therapy for the treatment of canine B cell malignancies (2015)

Meeting abstracts CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has shown great promise in treating human hematological malignancies. However, the full potential of CAR technology has not been reached in solid malignancies and limitations exist in utilizing genetically identical murine models
New photostable anthraquinone dyes with high order parameters (1983)

New anthraquinone dyes have been developed with high-order parameters and solubilities in both positive and negative dielectric anisotropy liquid-crystal hosts. The dyes show high stability and allow the formulation of black mixtures which show good contrast in a range of display devices.
Engineering a Polyketide Synthase for <i>In Vitro</i> Production of Adipic Acid (2015)

Polyketides have enormous structural diversity, yet polyketide synthases (PKSs) have thus far been engineered to produce only drug candidates or derivatives thereof. Thousands of other molecules, including commodity and specialty chemicals, could be synthesized using PKSs if composing hybrid PKSs from well-characterized parts derived from natural PKSs was more efficient. Here, using modern mass spectrometry techniques as an essential part of the design-build-test cycle, we engineered a chimeric PKS to enable production one of the most widely used commodity chemicals, adipic acid. To accomplish this, we introduced heterologous reductive domains from various PKS clusters into the borrelidin PKS' first extension module, which we previously showed produces a 3-hydroxy-adipoyl intermediate when coincubated with the loading module and a succinyl-CoA starter unit. Acyl-ACP intermediate analysis revealed an unexpected bottleneck at the dehydration step, which was overcome by introduction of a carboxyacyl-processing dehydratase domain. Appending a thioesterase to the hybrid PKS enabled the production of free adipic acid. Using acyl-intermediate based techniques to "debug" PKSs as described here, it should one day be possible to engineer chimeric PKSs to produce a variety of existing commodity and specialty chemicals, as well as thousands of chemicals that are difficult to produce from petroleum feedstocks using traditional synthetic chemistry.
Proposal for Beyond 100-Gb/s Optical Transmission Based on Bit-Interleaved LDPC-Coded Modulation (2007)

An iterative bandwidth-efficient coded modulation scheme based on bit-interleaving low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, and M-ary differential phase-shift keying is proposed. A bit-interleaved LDPC-coded scheme, carrying 3 bits/symbol, provides the coding gain of 8.3 dB at a bit-error rate (BER) of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-7</sup> . The expected coding gain at BER of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-12</sup> is 12.8 dB. Possible applications include 100G Ethernet, and high-speed (>100 Gb/s) long-haul transmission
C2P (2017)

Cardiopulmonary disease prognosis can achieve therapeutic edge if the disorders can be detected and attended to at an early stage. This work proposes 'Cardiopulmonary Care Platform (C2P)' which in its current initial phase, targets at subjects in the stage of Functional Capacity II as per the NYHA staging system by detecting physiological fatigue, and signs of dispnea and palpitation, using a smartwatch after the subject has undergone a spell of physically intensive activity. A novel and computationally efficient solution is devised to reconstruct breathing cycles from raw PPG signal recorded from the smartwatch, which enables the system to continuously monitor the subject's heart rate and breathing pattern online. The method achieves high accuracy when verified against a precalibrated flow-meter. Also a novel and an accurate up/down stairs detection algorithm using onboard atmospheric pressure sensor is discussed. We also present a study of physiological measurements like heart rate, breathing rate and breathing signal power as possible markers for fatigue.
Role of attached lipid in immunogenicity of Borrelia burgdorferi OspA (1993)

OspA is a protective antigen of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Expression of the full-length B. burgdorferi B31 OspA gene in Escherichia coli produces a protein that is processed posttranslationally by signal peptidase II and contains an attached lipid moiety. The recombinant OspA lipoprotein has been purified by detergent extraction and ion-exchange chromatography. Priming and boosting with OspA lipoprotein, either with no adjuvant or adsorbed to alum, elicited a strong, dose-dependent immunoglobulin G response. Serum from vaccinated mice inhibited spirochetal growth in vitro. Mice immunized twice with as little as 0.4 micrograms of OspA lipoprotein were protected against an intradermal challenge with 10(4) infectious spirochetes. The ability of the purified recombinant lipoprotein to induce a strong protective response in the absence of toxic adjuvants makes it an excellent candidate antigen for a human vaccine against Lyme disease. By contrast, no serum immunoglobulin G or growth inhibitory response to OspA nonlipoprotein was seen at any dose. The difference in immunogenicities of the lipoprotein and nonlipoprotein forms of OspA is not due to any difference in the antigenicities of the two proteins. These results suggest that posttranslational lipid attachment is a critical determinant of the immunogenicity of the OspA protein.
Rapid Automated Target Segmentation and Tracking on 4D Data without Initial Contours (2014)

Purpose. To achieve rapid automated delineation of gross target volume (GTV) and to quantify changes in volume/position of the target for radiotherapy planning using four-dimensional (4D) CT. Methods and Materials. Novel morphological processing and successive localization (MPSL) algorithms were designed and implemented for achieving autosegmentation. Contours automatically generated using MPSL method were compared with contours generated using state-of-the-art deformable registration methods (using Elastix© and MIMVista software). Metrics such as the Dice similarity coefficient, sensitivity, and positive predictive value (PPV) were analyzed. The target motion tracked using the centroid of the GTV estimated using MPSL method was compared with motion tracked using deformable registration methods. Results. MPSL algorithm segmented the GTV in 4DCT images in 27.0 ± 11.1 seconds per phase (512 × 512 resolution) as compared to 142.3 ± 11.3 seconds per phase for deformable registration based methods in 9 cases. Dice coefficients between MPSL generated GTV contours and manual contours (considered as ground-truth) were 0.865 ± 0.037. In comparison, the Dice coefficients between ground-truth and contours generated using deformable registration based methods were 0.909 ± 0.051. Conclusions. The MPSL method achieved similar segmentation accuracy as compared to state-of-the-art deformable registration based segmentation methods, but with significant reduction in time required for GTV segmentation.
Blood flow quantification using 1D CFD parameter identification (2014)

Patient-specific measurements of cerebral blood flow provide valuable diagnostic information concerning cerebrovascular diseases rather than visually driven qualitative evaluation. In this paper, we present a quantitative method to estimate blood flow parameters with high temporal resolution from digital subtraction angiography (DSA) image sequences. Using a 3D DSA dataset and a 2D+t DSA sequence, the proposed algorithm employs a 1D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model for estimation of time-dependent flow values along a cerebral vessel, combined with an additional Advection Diffusion Equation (ADE) for contrast agent propagation. The CFD system, followed by the ADE, is solved with a finite volume approximation, which ensures the conservation of mass. Instead of defining a new imaging protocol to obtain relevant data, our cost function optimizes the bolus arrival time (BAT) of the contrast agent in 2D+t DSA sequences. The visual determination of BAT is common clinical practice and can be easily derived from and be compared to values, generated by a 1D-CFD simulation. Using this strategy, we ensure that our proposed method fits best to clinical practice and does not require any changes to the medical work flow. Synthetic experiments show that the recovered flow estimates match the ground truth values with less than 12% error in the mean flow rates.
NIR-laser tissue welding in an in vivo guinea pig animal model (2008)

Near infrared laser tissue welding (LTW) is achieved by subjecting the closely approximated surgically incised tissues to a laser beam at a wavelength that is absorbed by water in the tissue. Full thickness welds are accomplished with optimum laser power and penetration depths appropriate for the thickness of welded tissues. No extrinsic cross-linking or bonding materials are used. The absorbed laser energy increases the entropy of collagen in the tissue. In LTW, tissue water temperatures transiently rises to approximately 60° C, causing partial denaturing of collagen and other structural proteins due to breaking of hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interactions and some interchain covalent bonds for a short duration of time. This is followed by cross linking of proteins on either side of weld line, with reformation of the above mentioned bonds as the tissue cools, resulting in the formation of water tight full thickness welds. In this study, a cw fiber laser emitting at 1455 nm, corresponding to absorption by a water vibrational overtone, is used for in vivo LTW of surgical incisions made in the skin of guinea pigs under general anesthesia. The tensile strength and healing rates of the welded incisions are compared to suturing of similar incisions. Laser parameters, including power, scanning rates, exposure area, and exposure duration, are optimized to reduce thermal damage while maintaining tensile strength.
Orally Active, Hydrolytically Stable, Semisynthetic, Antimalarial Trioxanes in the Artemisinin Family (1998)

In only three chemical operations, natural trioxane lactone artemisinin (1) was converted into a series of C-10 carbon-substituted 10-deoxoartemisinin compounds 4-9. The three steps involved lactone reduction, replacement of the anomeric lactol OH by F using diethylaminosulfur trifluoride, and finally boron trifluoride-promoted substitution of F by aryl, heteroaryl, and acetylide nucleophiles. All of these C-10 nonacetal, chemically robust, enantiomerically pure compounds 4-9 have high antimalarial potencies in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites, and furans 5a and 5b and pyrrole 7a are antimalarially potent also in vivo even when administered to rodents orally.
Susceptibilidad de mutantes atoxigénicos de Vibrio cholerae O139 a la infección con los bacteriófagos CTXφ y VGJφ (2010)

The cholera toxin (CT) genes, main virulence factor of Vibrio cholerae, are carried on the lysogenic phage CTXφwhich can transfer the toxic genes between toxigenic and nontoxigenic strains of bacteria that express toxin co-regulated pilus(TCP), the phage receptor. VGJφ is another V. cholerae filamentous phage which is also able to transmit CT genes by forming ahybrid phage with CTXφ. Both VGJφ and the hybrid phage use mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin (MSHA) as receptor which isexpressed in a wide spectrum of natural growth conditions. The gene horizontal transmission may pose a problem when liveattenuated cholera vaccine is used during massive vaccination campaigns in cholera endemic areas. To address this problem,we have constructed the attenuated V. cholerae O139 variants CRC3222 and CRC3241 which are impaired to express MSHA. Inthis study, we evaluated the susceptibility of these strains to be infected by CTXφ and VGJφ using phage variants tagged witha kanamycin resistance cassette. It was found that both strains were resistant to in vitro VGJφ infection. Nevertheless, in spiteof expressing TCP under in vitro condition, they were infected by CTXφ only during passage through the intestine of sucklingmice. These results suggest that CRC3222 and CRC3241 are environmentally safer vaccine prototypes as they were susceptibleto reacquire the CT genes only in the restricted expressing conditions of TCP
Adsorption of Ammonia on Regenerable Carbon Sorbents (2015)

Bellevue, Washington
Kinetic Interpretations of First Reactivity Experiments on Lunar Basalt Samples (1994)

For the first time, water/oxygen production from Apollo program lunar samples has been experimentally demonstrated. The experiments gave extremely encouraging results as all ilmenite was reduced in every experiment. Water production was followed continuously during reduction, and these data were analyzed kinetically. Quantitatively, the data were best represented by a shrinking-core process in which both chemical reaction and diffusion play significant roles. Reaction rate showed only a 0.15 order dependence on hydrogen concentration and rate and diffusion constants were such that lunar ilmenite were initially about twice as reactive as terrestrial ilmenites. Experimental procedures, results, and analysis techniques are presented.
The Use of Granularity in Rhetorical Relation Prediction (2012)

We present the results of several machine learning tasks designed to predict rhetorical relations that hold between clauses in discourse. We demonstrate that organizing rhetorical relations into different granularity categories (based on relative degree of detail) increases average prediction accuracy from 58 % to 70%. Accuracy further increases to 80 % with the inclusion of clause types. These results, which are competitive with existing systems, hold across several modes of written discourse and suggest that features of information structure are an important consideration in the machine learnability of discourse. 1
Sequencing of Saccharomyces telomeres cloned using T4 DNA polymerase reveals two domains. (1990)

By using T4 DNA polymerase rather than S1 or Bal31 nuclease to clone yeast telomeres, very little telomeric DNA is lost. These clones were used to determine the DNA sequence of virtually the entire telomeric tract. Our results demonstrated that a slightly modified version, C2-3A(CA)1-6, of the consensus derived from sequence analysis of more-internal regions (J. Shampay, J. W. Szostak, and E. H. Blackburn, Nature [London] 310:154-157, 1984) extends to the very end of the chromosome. The sequence analysis also suggests that yeast telomeres consist of two domains: the proximal 120 to 150 base pairs, which appear to be protected from processes such as recombination, degradation, and elongation, and the distal portion of the telomere, which is more susceptible to these events.
2-Hydroxyethoxyethylated Bases as Acyclic Analogues of 1,5-Anhydrohexitol Nucleoside Derivatives (1994)

Abstract The synthesis and antiviral activity of a new series of acyclic nucleoside analogues containing a (2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl moiety is discussed.
Nanofabrication: Reversible Self‐Assembly of an Imbedded Hexameric Metallomacrocycle within a Macromolecular Superstructure (2005)

Turned inside out: The construction of a peripheral 114-membered macrocycle by a Grubbs-catalyzed metathesis reaction facilitates the self-assembly of a terpyridine-based FeII hexamer. The quantitative, base-promoted removal of the FeII centers allows the reversible disassembly of the metalated complex (see scheme, gray metal).
Automatic recognition of defect areas on a semiconductor wafer using multiple scanning electron microscope images (2009)

A technique for high-precision and automatic recognition of defect areas on a semiconductor wafer using scanning electron microscope (SEM) images is proposed. The proposed technique inputs multiple SEM images formed by selectively detecting secondary electrons and backscattered electrons emitted from the specimen by irradiating with primary electrons, and defect areas are then automatically recognized by comparison with reference images. The number of detected secondary electrons and backscattered electrons is highly dependent on the surface roughness of the defect areas, namely the height and depth of defects; therefore, a surface-roughness analysis from input images is conducted and the result is used to determine the mixing proportion for multiple difference images. The proposed technique aims to obtain high recognition accuracy for process wafers that contain various kinds of defects with a wide variety of height and depth. The technique provides effective pre-processing for automating the classification of defects, and is expected to contribute to improvements to the efficacy of process monitoring and yield management in the fabrication of semiconductor devices. Experimental results with two process wafers (involving 200 defect samples, each of which belongs to one of the nine defect classes) have confirmed that the proposed technique is capable of automatic recognition of defect areas with an accuracy of 98.9%.
Multicasting in deflection-routed all-optical packet-switched networks (2003)

Two multicast protocols are proposed for deflection-routed all-optical packet-switched networks. One scheme sends a deflected multicast packet back to the root node while the other sends it back to the deflection point. Both schemes can be implemented using demonstrated optical signal processing technology. The performance of the two proposed multicast schemes are compared using Manhattan street networks. We found that the back-to-the-root-node scheme performed better than the back-to-the-deflection-node scheme. A hybrid approach can further improve the system performance.
Context Based Configuration Management (2006)

The commercial state-of-the-art tools for configuration managements (CM) systems are very mature for asset, hardware and software development systems. These tools are very good for tactical management for daily issues. However, strategic management and decisions also have a requirement for configuration management but unfortunately the traditional commercial off the shelf (COTS) tools are not adequate for those requirements. Using shortcomings as requirements drives our team has developed a hybrid tool-suite that directly supports the dynamic, distributed strategic planning and decision making environments. The context based configuration management (CBCM) system marries decision map technology with COTS configuration management work flow (Xerox Docushare), embedded component models (events models, configuration item models, and feedback models) all on top of a web based online collaboration technology (NASA/Xerox Netmark (Maluf, 2004) middleware engine). This paper documents the rapid prototype that has been developed to meet those requirements using this design and highlight the initial pilot results at NASA Headquarters with the Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate