gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Area-Efficient Bevel-Edge Termination Techniques for SiC High-Voltage Devices (2016)

This paper reviews the bevel-edge termination techniques for silicon carbide (SiC) power devices, such as bevel junction termination extension (JTE), resistive-bevel termination, bevel-assisted JTE, and positive-bevel termination. The proposed bevel-edge termination techniques significantly reduce the chip size for SiC power devices. PiN diodes and test structures were fabricated to quantify the relative performance of the proposed structures. Quantitative comparison in chip size reduction, process schemes, and future research directions is discussed in detail.
Présentation (2015)

Trente cinq ans après leur première tenue au suffrage universel direct, les élections européennes ne se sont pas encore affirmées comme des échéances électorales majeures. Faible participation, poussée des partis protestataires et incertitudes sur le fait que les résultats de ces scrutins peuvent susciter des changements significatifs en termes de politiques publiques sont autant de raison d’un scepticisme persistant quant à leur portée. Marquées par un contexte global de crise économique et ...
Microfluidic Cell Electroporation Using a Mechanical Valve (2007)

A microfluidic electroporation technique is demonstrated based on the operation of an elastomeric valve in a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) fabricated microchip and a common dc power supply. The pulse needed for permeabilization of the cell membrane is generated by temporarily interrupting the circuit using the valve. The electropermeabilization of suspended and adherent Chinese hamster ovary cells with green DNA dye SYTOX is demonstrated. The technique eliminates the cost and complexity associated with a pulse generator and microfabricated electrodes that are often involved in microscale electroporation devices. It also offers the potential of integrating electroporation as a unit operation in large-scale microfluidic systems with the increasing application of elastomeric valves in these systems.
152C: IMMEDIATE PARTIAL BREAST RECONSTRUCTION FOLLOWING LUMPECTOMY OR PARTIAL MASTECTOMY USING ACELLULAR DERMAL MATRIX (ALLODERM): OUTCOMES STUDY INITIAL EXPERIENCE (2010)

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: June 2010 - Volume 125 - Issue 6 - p 102 doi: 10.1097/01.prs.0000371886.26449.63
Cloning of the promoter for the avian integrin beta 3 subunit gene and its regulation by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. (1993)

We have cloned the promoter of the avian beta 3 integrin gene. Using a probe comprising the 5'-untranslated region of an avian macrophage beta 3 cDNA, characterized by 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends, several clones were isolated from an avian genomic library. One major and one minor transcriptional start site were identified at +1 and -47 base pairs, respectively, with the latter coinciding with a consensus sequence of an initiator. DNA sequence analysis of 800 base pairs 5' of the transcriptional start site fails to reveal either a TATA or CAAT box. In addition to an initiator, the first 200 base pairs contain consensus sequences for the binding of AP-1 and SP-1. A 3.5-kilobase fragment located immediately upstream of the transcriptional start site exhibits functional promoter activity, and deletion analysis reveals both suppressor and enhancer elements. In light of our observation that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (D3) accelerates beta 3 transcription, we determined whether the avian beta 3 promoter contains a vitamin D response element (VDRE). Transfected reporter constructs containing the first 1.5 kilobases upstream of the major beta 3 transcriptional start site respond to D3 with enhanced luciferase activity. Analysis of this region reveals a classical VDRE consensus sequence, located at -756 to -770. The following observations support the hypothesis that this sequence represents a functional VDRE: 1) a 600-base pair genomic fragment or a 29-base pair oligomer, each containing the putative VDRE, respond to D3 when transfected into HD11 cells; 2) a 67-base pair DNA fragment derived from genomic DNA and containing the candidate beta 3 VDRE specifically binds the vitamin D receptor-retinoid X receptor beta complex; and 3) avian osteoclast precursor-derived nuclear extracts bind to a synthetic oligomer containing the beta 3 VDRE-like sequence and, in turn, are specifically displaced by unlabeled beta 3 VDRE and anti-vitamin D receptor antibody.
Induced sputum analysis: step by step (2013)

Educational aims To introduce the standardised method for sputum induction To provide a guide for sputum processing To highlight important methodological aspects that may influence results To briefly summarise potential clinical and research use Summary Sputum induction is a relatively non-invasive mode of airway sampling that provides an opportunity for analysis of cellular components and infective agents, including bacteria and viruses, together with fluid-phase constituents. Both induction and processing of sputum samples are standardised and several manuals are available to help to educate professionals to perform the technique to the highest standard [36]. Using this standardised technique, the results are reproducible and comparable between different laboratories. Detailed studies on methodological issues provided enough evidence for standardisation and careful use of the methodology enabled the field to develop rapidly from a research tool to a useful clinical test. Eosinophil differential count in induced sputum is a recommended, evidence-based mode of assessing airway inflammation in asthma and its use is incorporated into the relevant guidelines.
Design and application of the interlayer van der Pauw resistor alignment bridge (1990)

The interlayer van der Pauw (VDP) resistor alignment bridge combines the sheet resistor and registration-sensitive bridge into one unified structure. As a result of symmetry, it does not require the width corrections resulting from image exposure and etch variations typical of linear resistor structures. It uses minimum area and pad count and provides orthogonal registration measurements. Bridges designed for 1.5- mu m feature size with body dimensions of 18 and 21 mu m and a tap length to width ratio of 0.5 show a sensitivity of 34-38 mV/ mu m at 10 mA. Registration errors of 0.2 mu m have been measured with an error of less than 10%. A good statistical correlation has been obtained between drawn and measured registration offsets. The correlation between the VDP bridge and the optical vernier is within +or-2% using a vernier spacing of 0.125 mu m. These results clearly indicate that the VDP bridge has the potential to provide accurate measurements of photo mask registration with the precision required for very large scale integration (VLSI) processing. The application of the VDP resistor bridge for interlayer registration using standard production procedures is described. Measurement precision and accuracy are discussed along with some fundamental bridge-design considerations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Magnetron sputtered AZO thin films on commercial ITO glass for application of a very low resistance transparent electrode (2002)

In this paper, we report a coating method of reducing the sheet resistance of commercial Sn-doped In2O3 (ITO) glass by DC magnetron sputtering, without reducing its optical transmittance in the visible range of spectra. Aluminium oxide doped zinc oxide (AZO) films deposited on ITO glass showed highly (002)-oriented textured structure. An experimental procedure was designed to minimize the sheet resistance of AZO/ITO films in the deposition parameter space (mainly deposition temperature). Resistivity measurements showed that the ITO films with AZO coated under optimized deposition conditions showed a significant 81.4% decrease of sheet resistance when compared with those formed without AZO. Room temperature Hall effect measurements showed that the Hall mobility of the combined layers was greatly increased compared with that for single layer ITO. A high quality transparent electrode, having a resistance as low as 4.13 Ω/square and a high optical transmittance of 80% in the visible spectral range (with substrate), was obtained. The bilayer AZO/ITO film glass may be a good alternative substrate to ITO glass for advanced electro-optic applications.
Perceived Effectiveness of Non-Monetray Rewards on South East Educational Region Employee Satisfaction. (2017)

The study sought employee perceptions on the effects of non-monetary rewards on job satisfaction in South East Regional Education Office. To get some clues of perceptions, the South East Regional Education Office was selected through convenient sampling for the purpose of the study. From this region, employees of the headquarters of South East Regional Education office were involved. The study used a closed ended questionnaire and an interview schedule for data collection while the analysis of results was carried out using both qualitative and quantitative approaches.  As an illustration, a one way ANOVA was used to test for differences in employees’ perceptions by gender, while data from interviews thematic analysis was used to analyse data.  The findings revealed that majority of the employees felt they were not involved in decision making processes and that they were not recognised for efforts made in the execution of their duties. Furthermore, most of the employees felt that they were not empowered to acquire skills that would enable them to take independent decisions. Male employees indicated that there was minimal delegation of responsibilities. The employees also decried lack of teamwork among members of the organisation, a situation that is detrimental to the success of the organisation. It is recommended that supervisors should employ non-monetary rewards in the form of providing job enrichment activities supported by mentoring and coaching. Regular meetings across different cadres should be scheduled to promote employee involvement in decision making processes. Also it has to be further studied the types of support supervisors needed in order to effectively integrate non-monetary rewards in their supervision structures.
Field Map Reconstruction in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using Bayesian Estimation (2009)

Field inhomogeneities in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can cause blur or image distortion as they produce off-resonance frequency at each voxel. These effects can be corrected if an accurate field map is available. Field maps can be estimated starting from the phase of multiple complex MRI data sets. In this paper we present a technique based on statistical estimation in order to reconstruct a field map exploiting two or more scans. The proposed approach implements a Bayesian estimator in conjunction with the Graph Cuts optimization method. The effectiveness of the method has been proven on simulated and real data.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERKORELASI DENGAN SIKAP KEWIRAUSAHAAN PETERNAK KELINCI (KASUS: KOPERASI PETERNAK KELINCI KABUPATEN BOGOR, JAWA BARAT) (2012)

Rabbit agribusiness has high potensi to be developed. This development has to be supported by entrepreneurial behavior of rabbit farmers. The purposes of the research are: 1) to analyze the entrepreneurial level of rabbit farmers, 2) to analyze the correlating factors of entrepreneurial behavior. Respondent selection was conducted by census to all rabbit farmers which were member of KOPNAKCI. Total respondent used was 50 repondents. The method to analyze the entrepreneurial level is summated rating of nine indicators of entrepreneurial attitude. The correlating factors are motivation, education, farming experience, access to inputs, training/counseling and access to information. The correlation is measured by Spearman Rank. The result shows 1) the entrepreneurial level of rabbit farmers is medium, 2) correlating factors for entrepreneurial attitude are training/counseling and access to information.
Electron Mobility and Injection Dynamics in Mesoporous ZnO, SnO<sub>2</sub>, and TiO<sub>2</sub> Films Used in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (2011)

High-performance dye-sensitized solar cells are usually fabricated using nanostructured TiO(2) as a thin-film electron-collecting material. However, alternative metal-oxides are currently being explored that may offer advantages through ease of processing, higher electron mobility, or interface band energetics. We present here a comparative study of electron mobility and injection dynamics in thin films of TiO(2), ZnO, and SnO(2) nanoparticles sensitized with Z907 ruthenium dye. Using time-resolved terahertz photoconductivity measurements, we show that, for ZnO and SnO(2) nanoporous films, electron injection from the sensitizer has substantial slow components lasting over tens to hundreds of picoseconds, while for TiO(2), the process is predominantly concluded within a few picoseconds. These results correlate well with the overall electron injection efficiencies we determine from photovoltaic cells fabricated from identical nanoporous films, suggesting that such slow components limit the overall photocurrent generated by the solar cell. We conclude that these injection dynamics are not substantially influenced by bulk energy level offsets but rather by the local environment of the dye-nanoparticle interface that is governed by dye binding modes and densities of states available for injection, both of which may vary from site to site. In addition, we have extracted the electron mobility in the three nanoporous metal-oxide films at early time after excitation from terahertz conductivity measurements and compared these with the time-averaged, long-range mobility determined for devices based on identical films. Comparison with established values for single-crystal Hall mobilities of the three materials shows that, while electron mobility values for nanoporous TiO(2) films are approaching theoretical maximum values, both early time, short distance and interparticle electron mobility in nanoporous ZnO or SnO(2) films offer considerable scope for improvement.
Passive PT-Symmetric Metasurfaces With Directional Field Scattering Characteristics (2016)

We show that passive parity-time (PT) symmetric metasurfaces can be utilized to appropriately engineer the resulting far-field characteristics. Such PT-symmetric structures are capable of eliminating diffraction orders in specific directions, while maintaining or even enhancing the remaining orders. A systematic methodology is developed to implement this class of metasurfaces in both one-dimensional and two-dimensional geometries. In two-dimensional systems, PT symmetry can be established by employing either H-like diffractive elements or diatomic oblique Bravais lattices.
A 3D-Printed Modular Microreservoir for Drug Delivery (2020)

Reservoir-based drug delivery microsystems have enabled novel and effective drug delivery concepts in recent decades. These systems typically comprise integrated storing and pumping components. Here we present a stand-alone, modular, thin, scalable, and refillable microreservoir platform as a storing component of these microsystems for implantable and transdermal drug delivery. Three microreservoir capacities (1, 10, and 100 µL) were fabricated with 3 mm overall thickness using stereolithography 3D-printing technology, enabling the fabrication of the device structure comprising a storing area and a refill port. A thin, preformed dome-shaped storing membrane was created by the deposition of parylene-C over a polyethylene glycol sacrificial layer, creating a force-free membrane that causes zero forward flow and insignificant backward flow (2% of total volume) due to membrane force. A septum pre-compression concept was introduced that enabled the realization of a 1-mm-thick septa capable of ~65000 leak-free refill punctures under 100 kPa backpressure. The force-free storing membrane enables using normally-open micropumps for drug delivery, and potentially improves the efficiency and precision of normally-closed micropumps. The ultra-thin septum reduces the thickness of refillable drug delivery devices, and is capable of thousands of leak-free refills. This modular and scalable device can be used for drug delivery in different laboratory animals and humans, as a sampling device, and for lab-on-a-chip and point-of-care diagnostics applications.
Adjoint-method-inspired grating couplers for CWDM O-band applications (2020)

We have designed a grating coupler on Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) platform that has sufficient bandwidth to cover the entire CWDM O-band from 1270 nm to 1330 nm. The grating architecture is inspired by adjoint method-based geometry optimization, and then parameterized to accommodate DOE construction for tapeouts at commercial CMOS foundries and wafer-level testing on fiber probe stations. One grating design achieved peak loss of 3.2 dB with 1-dB bandwidth spanning from 1265 nm to 1338 nm in simulations.
COMPRESSION OF CONCENTRIC MOSAIC WITH REBINNING OF SLITS (ROSS) (2000)

Concentric mosaic offers a quick solution for the construction and navigation of a virtual environment. However, the associ-ated huge amount of data presents a heavy burden for its application. In this paper, we propose the rebinning of slits (ROSS) approach for the compression of concentric mosaic. The proposed scheme decorrelates the 3D concentric mosaic data set by rebinning the vertical slits from all captured image shots into a 2D panorama, and then compresses the panorama with a highly efficient still image coder, such as JPEG2000. Unlike typical video coders that use motion compensation to decorrelate multiple frames, the rebinning converts 3D spatial correlation into stronger 2D correlation. Experimental results show that ROSS outperforms MPEG-2 coding of concentric mosaic by an average of 1.0dB. 1.
A Memristor-Based Optimization Framework for AI Applications (2017)

Memristors have recently received significant attention as ubiquitous device-level components for building a novel generation of computing systems. These devices have many promising features, such as non-volatility, low power consumption, high density, and excellent scalability. The ability to control and modify biasing voltages at the two terminals of memristors make them promising candidates to perform matrix-vector multiplications and solve systems of linear equations. In this article, we discuss how networks of memristors arranged in crossbar arrays can be used for efficiently solving optimization and machine learning problems. We introduce a new memristor-based optimization framework that combines the computational merit of memristor crossbars with the advantages of an operator splitting method, alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). Here, ADMM helps in splitting a complex optimization problem into subproblems that involve the solution of systems of linear equations. The capability of this framework is shown by applying it to linear programming, quadratic programming, and sparse optimization. In addition to ADMM, implementation of a customized power iteration (PI) method for eigenvalue/eigenvector computation using memristor crossbars is discussed. The memristor-based PI method can further be applied to principal component analysis (PCA). The use of memristor crossbars yields a significant speed-up in computation, and thus, we believe, has the potential to advance optimization and machine learning research in artificial intelligence (AI).
Silicon Photonic Microring Links for High-Bandwidth-Density, Low-Power Chip I/O (2013)

Silicon photonic microrings have drawn interest in recent years as potential building blocks for high-bandwidth off-chip communication links. The authors analyze a terabit-per-second scale unamplified microring link based on current best-of-class devices. The analysis provides quantitative measures for the achievable energy efficiency and bandwidth density that could be realized within several years. The results highlight key device attributes that require significant advancement to realize sub-pJ/bit scale optical links.
Effect of Oxygenate Impurities on the Conversion of Alcohols to Olefins (2014)

This Article is focused on the study of the effect of oxygenate impurities like esters and acids in the mixed methanol and ethanol feed stream on the conversion of methanol and ethanol to light olefins. The conversion of such components at 450 °C over ZSM-5 was investigated. Furthermore, the effect on conversion and selectivity of adding yttrium oxide to the catalyst was studied. It was shown that the presence of relatively small amounts of esters in the alcohol feed stream has a significant effect on catalyst lifetime. These esters will decompose on the zeolite surface leading to additional methanol or ethanol (depending on the type of ester) and to a carboxylic acid. The additional methanol or ethanol will react according to the alcohol to olefins mechanism, leading to either an increase or a decrease in the propylene/ethylene (P/E) selectivity ratio, respectively. The acid that is released upon decomposition of the ester is responsible for the decrease in lifetime of the zeolite by adsorption on the zeolite active sites. Addition of metal oxides, specifically yttria, to ZSM-5 limits this decrease in catalyst lifetime. The proposed pathway is by a stronger adsorption of the acid on yttria than on the active site of the zeolite. Removal of the acid by yttria can in some cases (typically when the ester conversion is not 100% without the yttria present) lead to a higher conversion of the ester and thereby indirectly to an effect on the P/E selectivity ratio due to the additional methanol or ethanol released.
Software Development Practice as Baradian Entanglement (2023)

Software development practice is a messy, complicated, and constantly shifting human endeavor. Barad’s concept of “entanglement” helps to theorize complex sociotechnical systems. We are testing the application of this theory to understand and explain software development practices, as our work appears to be the only ethnographic research using Barad in any technology industry. Our continual aim is to understand large-scale, collaborative software development more deeply in practice and to discover appropriate theories that describe our observations and insights. Both authors are experienced software engineers and researchers. Through an ongoing longitudinal ethnographic study at a large Australian software development company, we explore, support, and improve the lived experience and practice of the software developers that work there. Ethnographic insights and an appreciation of the mutual constitution of situated phenomena have expanded over several years into an elaboration of entanglement as a more insightful explanation of software development practice. This research is having a significant impact on the participant developers and organization, including changes in measurement practices, mentoring, knowledge management, and innovation.