gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A fusion approach for non-invasive detection of coronary artery disease (2017)

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) kills millions of people every year across the world. In this paper, we present a novel idea of a low cost, non-invasive screening system for early detection of CAD patients by fusion of phonocardiogram (PCG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals. Two sets of time and frequency features are extracted from both the signals. Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used to classify each subject separately based on both the feature sets. Finally, the outcomes of the two classifiers are fused at the decision level, depending upon the maximum absolute distance of the test data-points form their respective SVM hyperplane. We created a corpus of 25 subjects, containing 10 CAD and 15 non CAD subjects using low cost non-medical grade devices. Results show that either of PCG or PPG based classifiers yields sensitivity and specificity scores close to 0.6 and 0.8 respectively in identifying CAD. Whereas, a significant improvement in both sensitivity (0.8) as well as specificity (0.93) can be simultaneously achieved by incorporating the proposed fusion approach.
Resistance of higher order modes to bend-induced mode coupling and distortion (2007)

Signal amplification in higher order modes with large mode area has been proposed to overcome power limitations in fiber amplifiers. Simulations and measurements demonstrate resistance of these modes to bend-induced distortion and coupling, respectively.
Cold Sintering: A Paradigm Shift for Processing and Integration of Ceramics (2016)

Abstract This paper describes a sintering technique for ceramics and ceramic‐based composites, using water as a transient solvent to effect densification (i.e. sintering) at temperatures between room temperature and 200 °C. To emphasize the incredible reduction in sintering temperature relative to conventional thermal sintering this new approach is named the “Cold Sintering Process” (CSP). Basically CSP uses a transient aqueous environment to effect densification by a mediated dissolution–precipitation process. CSP of NaCl, alkali molybdates and V 2 O 5 with small concentrations of water are described in detail, but the process is extended and demonstrated for a diverse range of chemistries (oxides, carbonates, bromides, fluorides, chlorides and phosphates), multiple crystal structures, and multimaterial applications. Furthermore, the properties of selected CSP samples are demonstrated to be essentially equivalent as samples made by conventional thermal sintering.
A carrier sensed multiple access protocol high data rate ring networks (1991)

This paper presents a significant extension of the CSMA network access protocol. The protocol is based on the facts that, at high data rates, networks can contain multiple messages simultaneously over their span, and that in a ring, nodes needs only to detect the presence of a message arriving from the immediate up stream neighbor. When an incoming signal is detected, the node truncates the message it is presently sending instead of aborting it. The system has been named Carrier Sensed Multiple Access Ring Network, CSMA/RN.Analytical studies using three performance factors, wait or access time, service time and response or end-to-end travel time are presented. The service time is basically a function of the network rate; it changes by a factor of 4 between no load and full load. Wait time, which is zero for no load, remains small for load factors up to 70% of full load. Response time, which adds travel time while on the network to wait and service time, is mainly a function of network length, especially for longer distance networks.Simulation results are shown for CSMA/RN where messages are removed at the destination. Destination removal on an average increases network load capacity by a factor of 2, i.e., a 1 Gbps network can handle a 2 Gbps load. A wide range of local and metropolitan area network parameters including variations in message size, network length and node count are studied. In all cases performance is excellent, and message fracture usually remains less than a factor of 4. Throughput, even at overload conditions, remains high for the protocol. The nominal network rate is 1 Gbps; however, performance remains good for data rates as low as 200 Mbps. Finally, a scaling factor based upon the ratio of message to network length demonstrates that the results of this paper, and hence, the CSMA/RN protocol, are applicable to wide area networks.
High Temperature Polybenzimidazole Hollow Fiber Membranes for Hydrogen Separation and Carbon Dioxide Capture from Synthesis Gas (2014)

Sustainable reliance on hydrocarbon feedstocks for energy generation requires CO2 separation technology development for energy efficient carbon capture from industrial mixed gas streams. High temperature H2 selective glassy polymer membranes are an attractive option for energy efficient H2/CO2 separations in advanced power production schemes with integrated carbon capture. They enable high overall process efficiencies by providing energy efficient CO2 separations at process relevant operating conditions and correspondingly, minimized parasitic energy losses. Polybenzimidazole (PBI)-based materials have demonstrated commercially attractive H2/CO2 separation characteristics and exceptional tolerance to hydrocarbon fuel derived synthesis (syngas) gas operating conditions and chemical environments. To realize a commercially attractive carbon capture technology based on these PBI materials, development of high performance, robust PBI hollow fiber membranes (HFMs) is required. In this work, we discuss outcomes of our recent efforts to demonstrate and optimize the fabrication and performance of PBI HFMs for use in pre-combustion carbon capture schemes. These efforts have resulted in PBI HFMs with commercially attractive fabrication protocols, defect minimized structures, and commercially attractive permselectivity characteristics at IGCC syngas process relevant conditions. The H2/CO2 separation performance of these PBI HFMs presented here in realistic process conditions is greater than that of any other polymeric system reported to-date.
A Personal Cascade Impactor: Design, Evaluation and Calibration (1987)

A cascade impactor has been developed that is suitable for personal sampling. The impactor can be used with four, six, or eight stages with cut points ranging from 0.5 micron to 21 micron aerodynamic diameter. Although the impactor can be operated over a fairly wide flow rate range, it is designed specifically to be operated at 2 L/min so that a personal sampler may be used as the air mover. The nozzles of the impactor are radial slots with six slots per stage for the first six stages. Circular nozzles arranged in a radial pattern are used for the last two stages. On each stage, the area between the nozzles is used as the impaction surface for the stage before it. This design allows for the impactor to be compact, rugged and lightweight (170 gm for the four-stage design). The impactor stages are contained in a mounting bracket that can be clipped to the lapel or pocket. Although the impactor is designed for personal use, it also can be used as a compact impactor for general sampling tasks. The particle cut-off characteristics of each stage and the interstage losses were determined using monodisperse aerosols. The particle losses were found to be low and the cut-off characteristics sharp. Thus, size distributions can be obtained as accurately as with larger cascade impactors.
Studies on the Proteolytic Degradation of the <i>β</i>‐Protein Precursor by Proteases Purified from Alzheimer's Disease Braina (1991)

In Alzheimer's disease, Down's syndrome, hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis of Dutch origin, and normal aging, amyloid accumulates in the brain parenchyma and blood vessels. The major protein in the deposits is the beta-protein, a 4-kD peptide possibly generated by an abnormal degradation of its precursor, the beta-protein precursor (beta PP). We found, as a second component of the brain amyloid, the serine protease inhibitor alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (ACT). Inasmuch as ACT is tightly associated with the beta-protein and is never found in other amyloidoses, we hypothesized a role for ACT in the degradation of the beta PP. We used synthetic peptides made according to the sequence flanking the N-terminus of the beta-protein to screen brain fractions for protease activity. After several purification steps, two protease fractions were found that can cleave the peptide between methionine and aspartic acid, aspartic acid being the N-terminus of the beta-protein. One protease is activated by calcium and inhibited by ACT, beta PP containing the Kunitz-type inhibitory domain, diisofluorophosphate, and 1,10-phenanthroline. This protease fraction is also able to degrade the beta PP in vitro. The second protease is a metal-dependent cysteine protease.
PROPOSAL FOR A HIGH-BRIGHTNESS PULSED ELECTRON SOURCE (2007)

We propose a novel scheme for a high-brightness pulsed electron source, which has the potential for many useful applications in electron microscopy, inverse photo-emission, low energy electron scattering experiments, and electron holography. A description of the proposed scheme is presented.
New resists for nanometer scale patterning by extreme ultraviolet lithography (2005)

The goal of nanofabrication capabilities that can routinely achieve dimensions of less than 32 nm will require the design of new photopolymers and strategies using wavelengths as short as 13 nm [extreme ultraviolet (EUV)]. Although EUV lithography is a challenging emerging technology that has proven its feasibility to smaller image features, yet it still requires novel photoresists. This communication discusses developments in the synthesis and lithographic performance of positive chemically amplified photoresists incorporating hydroxystyrene and a bulky adamantly protecting group. The incorporation of an ionic PAG unit, phenyl methacrylate dimethysulfonium triflate (PAG), in the resist backbone showed increased sensitivity compared with the analogous blend PAG resist samples. Sub-50 nm patterns were obtained upon extreme UV exposure on ultrathin single layer resist films of the newly synthesized polymer bound PAG resist, poly (4-hydroxystyrene-co-2-ethyl-2-adamantyl methacrylate-co-PAG).
Development of selective tight-binding inhibitors of leukotriene A4 hydrolase (1993)

Leukotriene A4 hydrolase is a zinc-containing enzyme which exhibits both epoxide hydrolase and aminopeptidase activities. Since the enzyme product leukotriene B4 is an inflammatory mediator, it is of interest to develop selective inhibitors of leukotriene A4 hydrolase as potential antiinflammatory agents and as mechanistic probes. A systematic study on the enzyme specificity and the inhibition of its amidase activity with more than 30 synthetic inhibitors has led to the development of an alpha-keto-beta-amino ester (26) and a thioamine (27) as tight-binding, competitive type transition-state analog inhibitors of the aminopeptidase activity, with Ki values of 46 and 18 nM, respectively. Both compounds also inhibit the epoxide hydrolase activity, with the IC50 values of 1 microM and 0.1 microM for 26 and 27, respectively.
Immunodominance of the VP4 neutralization protein of rotavirus in protective natural infections of young children (1993)

Natural infection by very similar strains of rotavirus during the 1988-1989 rotavirus season in Cincinnati, Ohio, provided complete protection of young children against subsequent rotavirus illnesses for a period of at least 2 years. Using this limited strain variability, we characterized the association between the titers of antibody to either the VP4 or the VP7 neutralization protein and protection against subsequent rotavirus disease. This was done by using reassortants that contained only one of the two rotavirus neutralization proteins of 89-12, a culture-adapted isolate representative of the protective rotavirus strains. The other neutralization protein in these reassortants was derived from a heterologous rotavirus (WC3 or EDIM) to which the infected subjects made little or no neutralizing antibody (titers, < or = 20). The geometric mean titer (GMT) of antibody to 89-12 in convalescent-phase sera from the 21 subjects analyzed was 2,323. The GMT of antibody to a reassortant (strain WC-4) that contained the VP7 protein of 89-12 and VP4 of WC3 was 387. In contrast, the GMT of antibody to a reassortant (strain EDIM-7) that contained the VP4 protein of 89-12 and the VP7 protein of EDIM was 1,078. Thus, the major neutralization response was directed against VP4 rather than VP7, a finding that has important implications for development of appropriate rotavirus vaccines.
Multiple field of view MR fluoroscopy (2001)

This work describes a real-time imaging and visualization technique that allows multiple field of view (FOV) imaging. A stream of images from a single receiver channel can be reconstructed at multiple FOVs within each image frame. Alternately, or in addition, when multiple receiver channels are available, image streams from each channel can be independently reconstructed at multiple FOVs. The implementation described here provides for real-time visualization of the placement of guidewires and catheters on a dynamic roadmap during interventional procedures. The loopless catheter antenna, an electrically active intravascular probe, was used for MR signal reception. In 2D projection images, the catheter and surrounding structures within its diameter of sensitivity appear as bright signal. The simplicity of the resulting images allows very-narrow-FOV imaging to decrease imaging time. Very-narrow-FOV images are acquired on MR receiver channels that collect guidewire or catheter data. These very-narrow-FOV images provide very high frame rate continuous, real-time imaging of the interventional devices (25 fps). Large-FOV images are formed from receiver channels that collect anatomical data from standard imaging surface coils, and simultaneously provide a dynamic, frequently updated roadmap. These multiple-FOV images are displayed together, improving visualization of interventional device placement.
A growable packet (ATM) switch architecture: design principles and application (1992)

The problem of designing a large high-performance, broadband packet of ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) switch is discussed. Ways to construct arbitrarily large switches out of modest-size packet switches without sacrificing overall delay/throughput performance are presented. A growable switch architecture is presented that is based on three key principles: a generalized knockout principle exploits the statistical behaviour of packet arrivals and thereby reduces the interconnect complexity, output queuing yields the best possible delay/throughput performance, and distributed intelligence in routing packets through the interconnect fabric eliminates internal path conflicts. Features of the architecture include the guarantee of first-in-first-out packet sequence, broadcast and multicast capabilities, and compatibility with variable-length packets, which avoids the need for packet-size standardization. As a broadband ISDN example, a 2048*2048 configuration with building blocks of 42*16 packet switch modules and 128*128 interconnect modules, both of which fall within existing hardware capabilities, is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Abstract 16956: The Therapeutic Potential of Human iPS Cell-derived Cardiac Tissue onto a Porcine Myocardial Infarction Model (2017)

Introduction: We previously generated human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiac tissue sheets (CTSs) including cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells and vascular mural cells, which im...
Noninvasive detection of tumor hypoxia using the 2-nitroimidazole [18F]EF1. (2000)

[18F]EF1 is an excellent radiotracer for noninvasive imaging of tumor hypoxia.
Towards work-hardenability of Ti-6Al-4V through a quenching and partitioning approach (2020)

In this work, the work-hardening ability of Ti-6Al-4V alloy was investigated using a quenching and partitioning strategy on dual-phase Ti-6Al-4V samples. As recently reported [1], it is known that a sub-transus thermal treatment followed by water quenching are able to generate a dual phaseα + α’ microstructure with a remarkable work-hardening coupled with an interesting balance between strength and ductility. Based on this statement, several heat treatments at various subtransus temperatures were performed on as-forged Ti-6Al-4V. In such a way, the respective volume fraction of each phase along with the size and the distance to the equilibrium composition of the quenched martensite are taken as microstructural variables to decompose the work hardenability of dual-phase Ti-6Al-4V alloys into respective contributions. Then, annealing of the metastable α + α’ microstructure was performed to trigger the α’ martensite decomposition, involving a partitioning of the alloying elements. The present investigation was carried out on wrought material. The quenching and partitioning parameters led to a wide range of mechanical properties and associated work-hardening behaviour. The as-quenched and further annealed microstructures were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The resulting mechanical properties were discussed and compared to those of as-forged material.
Fabrication Of Lightweight Mirrors Via CVD (1991)

New chemical-vapor deposition (CVD) process developed for fabricating lightweight Si/SiC mirrors. Process involves three CVD steps: to produce faceplate of mirror; to form lightweight back structure deposited integrally with faceplate; and to deposit layer of optical-grade material onto front surface of faceplate. Figure and finish of mirror fabricated into this latter material. Produces dense, highly pure polycrystalline materials polished to surface figures of high precision and finish.
A microfluidic dual-well device for high-throughput single-cell capture and culture (2015)

In vitro culture of single cells facilitates biological studies by deconvoluting complications from cell population heterogeneity. However, there is still a lack of simple yet high-throughput methods to perform single cell culture experiments. In this paper, we report the development and application of a microfluidic device with a dual-well (DW) design concept for high-yield single-cell loading (~77%) in large microwells (285 and 485 μm in diameter) which allowed for cell spreading, proliferation and differentiation. The increased single-cell loading yield is achieved by using sets of small microwells termed "capture-wells" and big microwells termed "culture-wells" according to their utilities for single-cell capture and culture, respectively. This novel device architecture allows the size of the "culture" microwells to be flexibly adjusted without affecting the single-cell loading efficiency making it useful for cell culture applications as demonstrated by our experiments of KT98 mouse neural stem cell differentiation, A549 and MDA-MB-435 cancer cell proliferation, and single-cell colony formation assay with A549 cells in this paper.
Genetically engineered mice demonstrate that adenosine deaminase is essential for early postimplantation development (1997)

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is an essential enzyme of purine metabolism that is enriched at the maternal-fetal interface of mice throughout postimplantation development. During early postimplantation stages Ada is highly expressed in both maternally derived decidual cells and zygotically derived trophoblast cells. For the current study we utilized genetically modified mice to delineate the relative contribution and importance of decidual and trophoblast ADA at the maternal-fetal interface. In females genetically engineered to lack decidual ADA a striking pattern of expression was revealed in giant trophoblast cells that surround the early postimplantation embryo. Embryos within gestation sites lacking both decidual and trophoblast ADA died during the early postimplantation period, whereas expression in trophoblast cells alone was sufficient for survival through this period. Severe disturbances in purine metabolism were observed in gestation sites lacking decidual ADA, including the accumulation of the potentially toxic ADA substrates adenosine and 2'-deoxyadenosine. These experiments provide genetic evidence that Ada expression at the maternal-fetal interface is essential for early postimplantation development in mice.
Optoelectronic tweezers (OET) trap stiffness with HeLa cells (2008)

Optoelectronic Tweezers (OET) creates patterned electrical fields by selectively illuminating a photoconductive layer sandwiched between two electrodes. The resulting electrical gradients are used to manipulate microscopic particles, including biological cells, using the dielectrophoresis (DEP) force. Previously it has been shown that up to 15,000 traps can be created with just 1 mW of optical power<sup>1</sup>, and that OET traps are 470 times stiffer than traps created with optical tweezers of the same power<sup>2</sup>. In this paper we explore the use of OET for trapping HeLa cells. First, experiments are performed using glass beads as a model particle, and the results are compared with numerical simulations to confirm our ability to model the electrical field gradients in the OET device. We then track trapped HeLa cells in different sizes of traps, showing maximum cell velocities of 60 μm s<sup>-1</sup> using an illumination intensity of just 2.5 W cm<sup>-2</sup>. We measure the electrical properties of the cell's membrane by analyzing the cell's DEP frequency response and use this information to model the forces on the cell. We find that it is possible to create a trap with a stiffness of 3×10<sup>-6</sup> N m<sup>-1</sup> that does not vary with position within the trap.
FUSION (2016)

As the popularity of mobile smart devices continues to climb the complexity of "apps" continues to increase, making the development and maintenance process challenging. Current bug tracking systems lack key features to effectively support construction of reports with actionable information that directly lead to a bug's resolution. In this demo we present the implementation of a novel bug reporting system, called Fusion, that facilitates users including reproduction steps in bug reports for mobile apps. Fusion links user-provided information to program artifacts extracted through static and dynamic analysis performed before testing or release. Results of preliminary studies demonstrate that Fusion both effectively facilitates reporting and allows for more reliable reproduction of bugs from reports compared to traditional issue tracking systems by presenting more detailed contextual app information. Tool website: www.fusion-android.com Video url: https://youtu.be/AND9h0ElxRg