gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automatic Configuration Management - Autodiscovery of Configuration Items and Automatic Configuration Verification (2016)

Performing Configuration Management (CM) on systems such as an entire space mission ground system is essential. CM verifies that a system performs as intended, and is identified and documented in sufficient detail to support its projected life cycle. However, manual Configuration Management and Change Management on all the hardware, software, and documentation items comprising a complete ground system is time consuming and error-prone. An automated configuration discovery approach, where hardware systems are scanned for software and the results reported into a CM database, limits human error and saves a lot of time by reducing the need for manual configuration management. This paper describes the approach taken at GSOC during the preparation of two geostationary communication satellite missions and low earth orbit satellite missions to automate the task of hardware and software CM. This makes CM more efficient and transparent, and enables the Configuration Manager to track the configuration in the CM database during the full cycle, from configuration deployment to configuration verification.
Third Place — Resident Basic Science Award 1994: Prefabricated Microvascular Autograft in Tracheal Reconstruction (1994)

Tracheal reconstruction continues to be a challenge in head and neck surgery. Numerous techniques, including the use of alloplasts, composite grafts, and staged laryngotracheal troughs, have met with limited success because of implant exposure, infection, persistent granulation tissue, and eventual restenosis. With recently introduced techniques for soft-tissue molding, bone induction with bone morphogenetic protein, and microvascular free tissue transfer, a rodent model was developed to create a well-vascularized tracheal autograft. In this model, a rigid tube having the same dimensions and flexibility as the native trachea was created by wrapping a cylindrical silicone tracheal mold with a layer of vascularized adductor thigh muscle pedicled on the femoral vessels in the groin. Tracheal rings were created by filing transverse troughs in the muscle bed with bone morphogenetic protein-primed demineralized bone matrix before wrapping around the silicone mold. Grafts harvested at 2 weeks demonstrated rigid skeletal support provided by heterotopic bone formation in the form of rings and a smooth inner lining produced by fibroplasia. Bone transformation was controlled and restricted to the muscle troughs, allowing intervening regions of soft tissue and thus producing a flexible neotrachia. With this model, a homologous, vascularized tracheal autograft capable of microvascular free tissue transfer was fabricated based on the femoral vessels. Prefabrication of composite grafts, through the use of soft-tissue molding, bone induction, and subsequent free tissue transfer, has an unlimited potential for use in head and neck reconstruction.
A travel time prediction method: Bayesian reasoning state-space neural network (2010)

According to the prediction model of neural network training methods to slow convergence speed, training for a long time and difficult to control the complexity of weights updating, this paper puts forward Bayesian reasoning state-space neural network, using termination conditions control its training and the confidence interval restrained by control factor standard the results. Using this method can accelerate convergence, shorten the training time and maintain stability. With traffic data by Bin He road of Shenzhen in September 2007 to verify this model, the experiments show that this model can shorten the time of training, and has good robustness and accuracy.
Properties of NbN thin films deposited on ambient temperature substrates (1983)

The preparation of cubic NbN films by reactive dc magnetron sputtering is described. These superconductive films are deposited at a sufficiently low temperature (&lt;90 °C) that photoresist liftoff techniques and can be used in fabricating Josephson junctions. The superconducting transition temperature has been measured as a function of gas composition and pressure. It reaches a maximum of 14.2 K at 15% N2–85% Ar and 1.06 Pa total pressure. The resistivity ratio of these films is close to unity. Structural studies by transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction show that films 100-nm thick or less are randomly oriented, and noncolumnar with a crystallite diameter of 5 nm and a lattice parameter of 4.46 Å, which is significantly higher than the bulk value for cubic NbN. The films are dense with void diameters no larger than 0.7 nm. Films 300-400 nm thick show a small degree of texturing in x-ray studies with a Read camera. Auger analysis shows a monotonic increase in the N/Nb ratio with increase in the N2/Ar ratio in the sputtering ambient up to 30% N2. From 30% to 50% N2 in the sputtering mixture the N/Nb ratio is constant. Small amounts of carbon impurity are found in all films.
Parasite Presence Induces Gene Expression Changes in an Ant Host Related to Immunity and Longevity (2021)

Most species are either parasites or exploited by parasites, making parasite-host interactions a driver of evolution. Parasites with complex life cycles often evolve strategies to facilitate transmission to the definitive host by manipulating their intermediate host. Such manipulations could explain phenotypic changes in the ant <i>Temnothorax nylanderi</i>, the intermediate host of the cestode <i>Anomotaenia brevis</i>. In addition to behavioral and morphological alterations, infected workers exhibit prolonged lifespans, comparable to that of queens, which live up to two decades. We used transcriptomic data from cestodes and ants of different castes and infection status to investigate the molecular underpinnings of phenotypic alterations in infected workers and explored whether the extended lifespan of queens and infected workers has a common molecular basis. Infected workers and queens commonly upregulated only six genes, one of them with a known anti-aging function. Both groups overexpressed immune genes, although not the same ones. Our findings suggest that the lifespan extension of infected workers is not achieved via the expression of queen-specific genes. The analysis of the cestodes' transcriptome revealed dominant expression of genes of the mitochondrial respiratory transport chain, which indicates an active metabolism and shedding light on the physiology of the parasite in its cysticercoid stage.
Voltage-dividing potentiometer enhancements for high-precision feature placement metrology (2003)

Improvements to the design of a modified voltage-dividing potentiometer permit the measurement of the center-to-center separations of parallel features with residual errors well below 10 nm. The modified test structure offers fabrication robustness and a range of application advantages over alternative approaches. In earlier work describing this test structure, the measurements reported were offset by a substrate-dependent error attributed by modeling to certain imperfections in the replication of the inside corners of the intersection of voltage taps with the bridge of the test structure. The work described provides experimental confirmation of the model, and two alternative modified designs that eliminate the source of the error are presented. Measurements from all four designs demonstrated that the two modified configurations eliminated the substrate pattern replication errors to which the original design was vulnerable. The end result is a robust feature-placement metrology tool.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Individual Profile Graphs for Location Management in PCS Networks (2005)

A user's profile, for the purpose of location management in a PCS network, is formalized as a subgraph of the network graph. This subgraph, the so-called individual profile graph (IPG), is determined after a period of observation with the intent of predicting and codifying the user's diurnal routine. The IPG is easily-motivated, robust, straightforwardly computed from observed data, and, under fairly intuitive assumptions, provably predictive of the user's diurnal routine. An IPG-based paging and update strategy is proposed and analyzed.
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Core Protein-Induced, Monocyte-Mediated Mechanisms of Reduced IFN-α and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Loss in Chronic HCV Infection (2006)

IFN-alpha production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs) is critical in antiviral immunity. In the present study, we evaluated the IFN-alpha-producing capacity of PDCs of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in treatment-naive, sustained responder, and nonresponder patients. IFN-alpha production was tested in PBMCs or isolated PDCs after TLR9 stimulation. Treatment-naive patients with chronic HCV infection had reduced frequency of circulating PDCs due to increased apoptosis and showed diminished IFN-alpha production after stimulation with TLR9 ligands. These PDC defects correlated with the presence of HCV and were in contrast with normal PDC functions of sustained responders. HCV core protein, which was detectable in the plasma of infected patients, reduced TLR9-triggered IFN-alpha and increased TNF-alpha and IL-10 production in PBMCs but not in isolated PDCs, suggesting HCV core induced PDC defects. Indeed, addition of rTNF-alpha and IL-10 induced apoptosis and inhibited IFN-alpha production in PDCs. Neutralization of TNF-alpha and/or IL-10 prevented HCV core-induced inhibition of IFN-alpha production. We identified CD14+ monocytes as the source of TNF-alpha and IL-10 in the HCV core-induced inhibition of PDC IFN-alpha production. Anti-TLR2-, not anti-TLR4-, blocking Ab prevented the HCV core-induced inhibition of IFN-alpha production. In conclusion, our results suggest that HCV interferes with antiviral immunity through TLR2-mediated monocyte activation triggered by the HCV core protein to induce cytokines that in turn lead to PDC apoptosis and inhibit IFN-alpha production. These mechanisms are likely to contribute to HCV viral escape from immune responses.
Postural Orientation and Equilibrium (1996)

Abstract The sections in this article are: Neural Control of Postural Orientation and Equilibrium Behavioral Goals Biomechanical Principles Postural Strategies Postural Orientation Stiffness and Tonic Muscle Activation Controlling Postural Orientation Internal Representation of Postural Orientation Coordination of Postural Equilibrium Triggered Reactions to External Disturbances Anticipatory Postural Adjustments for Voluntary Movement Modeling of Postural Coordination Sensory Control of Postural Orientation and Equilibrium Sensory Integration Somatosensory System Vestibular System Visual System Central Neural Control of Posture Spinal Cord and Brainstem Basal Ganglia Cerebellum Cerebral Cortex Concluding Remarks
Sequential Functionalisation of Bis-Protected Tetrathiafulvalene-dithiolates (1996)

The utilisation of the 2-cyanoethyl group as a versatile protecting group for 2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole-4,5-dithiolates and tetrathiafulvalene-thiolates is reported. Mono deprotection of bis-protected 2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole-4,5-dithiolate and of bis-protected tetrathiafulvalene-2,3-dithiolates [obtained by cross coupling of 4,5-bis(2-cyanoethylthio)-1,3-dithio-2-one 5 and the 1,3-dithiole-2-thiones 2b-h and 2j in triethyl phosphite] was achieved in very high yields. The monothiolates were generated from the bis-protected starting materials by selective mono deprotection in dimethylformamide solution using one equivalent of caesium hydroxide monohydrate in methanol. Subsequent quenching with iodomethane gave the resulting methylthio-substituted 1,3-dithiole-2-thione 2i and tetrathiafulvalenes 8 in near quantitative yield. The X-ray crystal structure of the air-stable caesium tetrathiafulvalene-thiolate 10 is reported. This is the first single crystal X-ray structure determination of a tetrathiafulvalene-thiolate.
A 1.54- mu m monolithic semiconductor ring laser: CW and mode-locked operation (1992)

The authors have fabricated a monolithic semiconductor ring laser with a diameter of 3.0 mm. A straight tangent waveguide provides two output ports through evanescent coupling. The laser, which exhibits a threshold current of 157 mA, operates in a single longitudinal mode with a linewidth of 900 kHz at a wavelength of 1.54 mu m. The device has been actively mode-locked at the fundamental resonance frequency of 9.0 GHz, yielding 27-ps pulses with a time-bandwidth product of 0.47. Differences in the characteristics of the pulses emitted from the two output ports indicate counterpropagating pulse trains, which because of the mode-locking scheme must collide in the modulated gain section.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A non-parametric method for fast joint rate-distortion optimization of motion estimation and DFD coding (2002)

Exact joint rate-distortion (RD) optimization of motion estimation and displaced-frame-difference (DFD) signal coding is highly computationally complex. We propose a low-complexity but effective search scheme. Major complexity reduction is achieved by: (1) eliminating suboptimal displacement vector (DV) candidates from joint optimization, and (2) using a dynamic programming algorithm to optimize DFD coding. DV candidate elimination is based on predicting the order of the RD-Lagrange costs. Order prediction is found to be much more reliable than using parametric functions to predict the exact cost values. In comparison with an H.263 test model, with advanced prediction mode enabled, the proposed scheme furnishes up to about 1 dB of PSNR improvement.
Investigation of the Hydrodynamics of Suspended Cells for Reliable Inkjet Cell Printing (2014)

Reliable inkjet drop-on-demand dispensing of cells has numerous applications including cell assays and tissue engineering. Previous work on inkjet cell printing has demonstrated that the cell count per droplet is inhomogeneous and does not follow the expected Poisson distribution. In the present work, the flow-induced cell behaviour is characterised to better understand the hydrodynamic mechanisms behind unreliable cell printing. A glass piezoelectric inkjet nozzle with an 80 μm diameter orifice is mounted on a PDMS cast which acts as a refractive index matching material for cell tracking through an inverted microscope. Droplet formation is achieved by a bipolar waveform. A high-speed camera focused on the centre plane of the nozzle captures images which are then analysed by a cell tracking algorithm to obtain the horizontal and vertical position of the cells over time. High-speed tracking of cells within a transparent inkjet nozzle revealed three possible cell behaviours caused by the formation and break-off of droplets. These behaviours are cell travel, cell ejection and cell reflection, determined as a function of the position of the cell at the onset of droplet formation. The first behaviour, cell travel, is characterised as the displacement of the cell towards the orifice during droplet formation followed by a small backwards motion due to the retracting meniscus after droplet pinch-off. Cell travel results in a net forward displacement of the cell towards the nozzle orifice. The second observed cell behaviour is cell ejection, where a cell is ejected with a droplet and can no longer be observed within the nozzle after the droplet break-off. The third observed cell behaviour is cell reflection. In this case, hydrodynamic forces produced during droplet ejection acts on the cell to move it further away from the nozzle orifice resulting in a net displacement of the cell away from the orifice after droplet ejection. Through the cell tracking information, it is hypothesized that cell reflection is caused by fluid flow reversal during the droplet ejection process. As a result of cell reflection, certain cells within a region close to the orifice will not be printed; instead they are pushed to a location further away from the orifice. Therefore, mapping of cell positions before droplet formation is performed to identify regions within the nozzle that exhibit a high probability of cell ejection and reflection. Overall, the results from this study will greatly contribute to our understanding of the cell printing process, which will allow us to optimize current inkjet systems for cell printing applications.
A comparison of MHT and 2D assignment algorithm for tracking with an airborne pulse Doppler radar (2003)

The paper compares the performance of two algorithms for data association in target tracking: the multiple hypothesis tracker (MHT) and the two dimensional assignment (2DA) method which follows from the joint maximum likelihood solution. The results are presented in the context of an airborne pulse Doppler radar as a sensor. The MHT (which is computationaly more complex) clearly outperforms the 2DA in the MPRF mode. The improvement in the MPRF mode, however, is minimal for the test cases considered.
Visibility Estimation Based on Mean Shift (2009)

An algorithm is developed to estimate visibility from images captured by video cameras. We propose to smooth the captured image by mean shift and extract the landmark edge by an improved ADM. Then the visibility is estimated in terms of a simplified visibility definition. In comparison with traditional methods, our method not only remove the noise in landmark boundary region, but also make boundary region be more uniform and the extracted edge be more salient. Experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of our approach in visibility estimation.
MARCH: A Distributed Incentive Scheme for Peer-to-Peer Networks (2007)

As peer-to-peer networks grow larger and include more diverse users, the lack of incentive to encourage cooperative behavior becomes one of the key problems. This challenge cannot be fully met by traditional incentive schemes, which suffer from various attacks based on false reports. Especially, due to the lack of central authorities in typical P2P systems, it is difficult to detect colluding groups. Members in the same colluding group can cooperate to manipulate their history information, and the damaging power increases dramatically with the group size. In this paper, we propose a new distributed incentive scheme, in which the benefit that a node can obtain from the system is proportional to its contribution to the system, and a colluding group cannot gain advantage by cooperation regardless of its size. Consequently, the damaging power of colluding groups is strictly limited. The proposed scheme includes three major components: a distributed authority infrastructure, a key sharing protocol, and a contract verification protocol.
Simplifying Scalable Graph Processing with a Domain-Specific Language (2014)

Large-scale graph processing, with its massive data sets, requires distributed processing. However, conventional frameworks for distributed graph processing, such as Pregel, use non-traditional programming models that are well-suited for parallelism and scalability but inconvenient for implementing non-trivial graph algorithms. In this paper, we use Green-Marl, a Domain-Specific Language for graph analysis, to intuitively describe graph algorithms and extend its compiler to generate equivalent Pregel implementations. Using the semantic information captured by Green-Marl, the compiler applies a set of transformation rules that convert imperative graph algorithms into Pregel's programming model. Our experiments show that the Pregel programs generated by the Green-Marl compiler perform similarly to manually coded Pregel implementations of the same algorithms. The compiler is even able to generate a Pregel implementation of a complicated graph algorithm for which a manual Pregel implementation is very challenging.
Development of Genome-Derived Tumor Type Prediction to Inform Clinical Cancer Care (2019)

These results suggest that the application of artificial intelligence to predict tissue of origin in oncologic practice can act as a useful complement to conventional histologic review to provide integrated pathologic diagnoses, often with important therapeutic implications.
Oral probiotics can resolve urogenital infections (2001)

We report the first clinical evidence that probiotic lactobacilli can be delivered to the vagina following oral intake. In 10 women with a history of recurrent yeast vaginitis, bacterial vaginosis (BV) and urinary tract infections, strains Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus fermentum RC-14 suspended in skim milk and given twice daily for 14 days, were recovered from the vagina and identified by morphology and molecular typing within 1 week of commencement of therapy. In six cases of asymptomatic BV or intermediate BV (based upon Nugent scoring) was resolved within 1 week of therapy.
A roadmap to integrate astrocytes into Systems Neuroscience (2019)

Systems neuroscience is still mainly a neuronal field, despite the plethora of evidence supporting the fact that astrocytes modulate local neural circuits, networks, and complex behaviors. In this article, we sought to identify which types of studies are necessary to establish whether astrocytes, beyond their well-documented homeostatic and metabolic functions, perform computations implementing mathematical algorithms that sub-serve coding and higher-brain functions. First, we reviewed Systems-like studies that include astrocytes in order to identify computational operations that these cells may perform, using Ca<sup>2+</sup> transients as their encoding language. The analysis suggests that astrocytes may carry out canonical computations in a time scale of subseconds to seconds in sensory processing, neuromodulation, brain state, memory formation, fear, and complex homeostatic reflexes. Next, we propose a list of actions to gain insight into the outstanding question of which variables are encoded by such computations. The application of statistical analyses based on machine learning, such as dimensionality reduction and decoding in the context of complex behaviors, combined with connectomics of astrocyte-neuronal circuits, is, in our view, fundamental undertakings. We also discuss technical and analytical approaches to study neuronal and astrocytic populations simultaneously, and the inclusion of astrocytes in advanced modeling of neural circuits, as well as in theories currently under exploration such as predictive coding and energy-efficient coding. Clarifying the relationship between astrocytic Ca<sup>2+</sup> and brain coding may represent a leap forward toward novel approaches in the study of astrocytes in health and disease.
Biochemical parameters in the blood of Holstein calves given immunoglobulin Y-supplemented colostrums (2014)

Our results suggest that supplementing colostrum with egg yolk has a beneficial effect when given to calves, regardless of administration route.
Micro-cleaved ridge lasers for optoelectronic integration on silicon (2008)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2008.