gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Human Rhodopsin Kinase Promoter in an AAV5 Vector Confers Rod- and Cone-Specific Expression in the Primate Retina (2012)

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) has proven an effective gene delivery vehicle for the treatment of retinal disease. Ongoing clinical trials using a serotype 2 AAV vector to express RPE65 in the retinal pigment epithelium have proven safe and effective. While many proof-of-concept studies in animal models of retinal disease have suggested that gene transfer to the neural retina will also be effective, a photoreceptor-targeting AAV vector has yet to be used in the clinic, principally because a vector that efficiently but exclusively targets all primate photoreceptors has yet to be demonstrated. Here, we evaluate a serotype 5 AAV vector containing the human rhodopsin kinase (hGRK1) promoter for its ability to target transgene expression to rod and cone photoreceptors when delivered subretinally in a nonhuman primate (NHP). In vivo fluorescent fundus imaging confirmed that AAV5-hGRK1-mediated green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression was restricted to the injection blebs of treated eyes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed a lack of gross pathology after injection. Neutralizing antibodies against AAV5 were undetectable in post-injection serum samples from subjects receiving uncomplicated subretinal injections (i.e., no hemorrhage). Immunohistochemistry of retinal sections confirmed hGRK1 was active in, and specific for, both rods and cones of NHP retina. Biodistribution studies revealed minimal spread of vector genomes to peripheral tissues. These results suggest that AAV5-hGRK1 is a safe and effective AAV serotype/promoter combination for targeting therapeutic transgene expression protein to rods and cones in a clinical setting.
Pre-bond probing of TSVs in 3D stacked ICs (2011)

Through-Silicon Via (TSV)-based 3D stacked ICs (SICs) are becoming increasingly important in the semiconductor industry, yet pre-bond testing of TSVs continues to be difficult with current technologies. In this paper, we present a test and DFT method for pre-bond testing of TSVs using probe technology. We describe the on-die test architecture and probe technique needed for TSV testing, in which individual probe needles make contact with multiple TSVs at a time. We also describe methods for capacitance and resistance measurements, as well as stuck-at and leakage tests. Simulation results using HSPICE are presented for a TSV network. We demonstrate that we can achieve high resolution in these measurements, and therefore high accuracy in defect detection when we target one or multiple TSVs at a time. We also show that the test outcome is reliable even in the presence of process variations or multiple defective TSVs.
[Spectroscopic diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome by multivariate analysis of visible and near-infrared spectra]. (2007)

We have recently evaluated the possibility of visible and near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy for diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome(CFS). Vis-NIR spectra in the 600-1,100 nm region for sera from CFS patients and healthy donors were subjected to principal component analysis (PCA) and soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) to develop multivariate models to discriminate between CFS patients and healthy donors. The PCA and SIMCA model predicted successful prediction of the masked samples. Furthermore, taking advantage of Vis-NIR spectroscopy to enable noninvasive analysis, our preliminary results have shown that SIMCA model from Vis-NIR spectra of thumb has achieved 70-80% correct determinations. In this review, we will introduce the potential of the Vis-NIR spectroscopy for CFS diagnosis.
<i>In vitro</i> evaluation of <i>in situ</i> gels as short term vitreous substitutes (2006)

Dysfunction of the vitreous humor, present in the posterior cavity of the eye, leads to its detachment from the retina and vision loss. In this study, biopolymers were evaluated as in situ gels for short term vitreous substitution. Biophysical characterization revealed that the viscosity of the vitreous was >4000 cP at a shear rate of 0.15/s and it formed a gel with elastic modulus G' greater than the viscous modulus G''. Biopolymers of gellan and hyaluronic acid (8:2 w/w, 1% concentration) were low viscosity liquids at 37 degrees C and gelation was triggered both by the addition of 0.18 mM CaCl(2) as well as ocular temperature, thus making them feasible as in situ gels. Gelation was confirmed by viscoelastic moduli where G' was greater than G'', similar to the vitreous and unlike that of silicone oil, a common vitreous substitute. The gels had a viscosity >5000 cP at a shear rate of 0.512/s, excellent light transmittance and absence of syneresis. Contact angle studies with water and simulated ocular fluids showed that gellan hyaluronic acid gels had similar wetting properties to that of vitreous with contact angles of 27 degrees +/- 1 degrees , 36.7 degrees +/- 1.6 degrees , and 33.7 degrees +/- 0.5 degrees for water, simulated tear fluid, and simulated aqueous humor, respectively. The results of this study suggest that biopolymers of gellan and hylauronic acid are suitable as in situ gels, have biophysical properties similar to that of the vitreous, and may be promising as alternatives to silicone oil as short-term vitreous substitutes.
Improving Slot Filling by Utilizing Contextual Information (2020)

Slot Filling (SF) is one of the sub-tasks of Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) which aims to extract semantic constituents from a given natural language utterance. It is formulated as a sequence labeling task. Recently, it has been shown that contextual information is vital for this task. However, existing models employ contextual information in a restricted manner, e.g., using self-attention. Such methods fail to distinguish the effects of the context on the word representation and the word label. To address this issue, in this paper, we propose a novel method to incorporate the contextual information in two different levels, i.e., representation level and task-specific (i.e., label) level. Our extensive experiments on three benchmark datasets on SF show the effectiveness of our model leading to new state-of-theart results on all three benchmark datasets for the task of SF.
Acoustic-Levitation Chamber (1984)

Uncontaminated environments for highly-pure material processing provided within completely sealed levitation chamber that suspends particles by acoustic excitation. Technique ideally suited for material processing in low gravity environment of space.
Oral administration of D-alanine in monkeys robustly increases plasma and cerebrospinal fluid levels but experimental D-amino acid oxidase inhibitors had minimal effect (2016)

Hypofunction of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor is thought to exacerbate psychosis in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. Consistent with this hypothesis, D-alanine, a co-agonist at the glycine site of the NMDA receptor, was shown to improve positive and cognitive symptoms when used as add-on therapy for schizophrenia treatment. However, D-alanine had to be administered at high doses (~7 g) to observe clinical effects. One possible reason for the high dose is that D-alanine could be undergoing oxidation by D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) before it reaches the brain. If this is the case, the dose could be reduced by co-administration of D-alanine with a DAAO inhibitor (DAAOi). Early studies with rodents showed that co-administration of D-alanine with 5-chloro-benzo[d]isoxazol-3-ol (CBIO), a prototype DAAOi, significantly enhanced the levels of extracellular D-alanine in the frontal cortex compared with D-alanine alone. Further, the use of CBIO reduced the dose of D-alanine needed to attenuate prepulse inhibition deficits induced by dizocilpine. The objective of the work reported herein was to confirm the hypothesis that DAAO inhibition can enhance D-alanine exposure in a species closer to humans: non-human primates. We report that while oral D-alanine administration to baboons (10 mg/kg) enhanced D-alanine plasma and CSF levels over 20-fold versus endogenous levels, addition of experimental DAAOi to the regimen exhibited a 2.2-fold enhancement in plasma and no measurable effect on CSF levels. The results provide caution regarding the utility of DAAO inhibition to increase D-amino acid levels as treatment for patients with schizophrenia.
Nucleotide sequence of the genomic RNA of bamboo mosaic potexvirus (1994)

The complete nucleotide sequence of the genomic RNA of bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV) was determined by sequencing a set of overlapping cDNA clones and by direct sequencing of the viral RNA. The RNA genome of BaMV is 6366 nucleotides long [excluding 3'poly(A) tail] and contains six open reading frames (ORFs 1 to 6) coding for polypeptides with M(r) values of 155K, 28K, 13K, 6K, 25K and 14K, respectively. The genome organization and sizes of the encoded proteins are very similar to those of other potexviruses which have been sequenced except that ORF 6 lies completely within ORF 1. The first five putative proteins of the BaMV genome show identities ranging between 44 to 59%, 26 to 49%, 30 to 53%, 15 to 35% and 20 to 30%, respectively, to the corresponding ORFs of other members of the potexvirus group. However the putative product ORF 6 shows no significant similarity to those of other potexvirus ORF products.
Comb-Push Ultrasound Shear Elastography (CUSE): A Novel Method for Two-Dimensional Shear Elasticity Imaging of Soft Tissues (2012)

Fast and accurate tissue elasticity imaging is essential in studying dynamic tissue mechanical properties. Various ultrasound shear elasticity imaging techniques have been developed in the last two decades. However, to reconstruct a full field-of-view 2-D shear elasticity map, multiple data acquisitions are typically required. In this paper, a novel shear elasticity imaging technique, comb-push ultrasound shear elastography (CUSE), is introduced in which only one rapid data acquisition (less than 35 ms) is needed to reconstruct a full field-of-view 2-D shear wave speed map (40 × 38 mm). Multiple unfocused ultrasound beams arranged in a comb pattern (comb-push) are used to generate shear waves. A directional filter is then applied upon the shear wave field to extract the left-to-right (LR) and right-to-left (RL) propagating shear waves. Local shear wave speed is recovered using a time-of-flight method based on both LR and RL waves. Finally, a 2-D shear wave speed map is reconstructed by combining the LR and RL speed maps. Smooth and accurate shear wave speed maps are reconstructed using the proposed CUSE method in two calibrated homogeneous phantoms with different moduli. Inclusion phantom experiments demonstrate that CUSE is capable of providing good contrast (contrast-to-noise ratio ≥ 25 dB) between the inclusion and background without artifacts and is insensitive to inclusion positions. Safety measurements demonstrate that all regulated parameters of the ultrasound output level used in CUSE sequence are well below the FDA limits for diagnostic ultrasound.
Commercial development of RF medical implantable devices (2013)

Radio frequency (RF) wireless communication development has unique challenges for medical implantable applications stemming from the electromagnetic (EM) interactions with the surrounding biological tissue. There are, however, numerous benefits of higher frequency RF communication, including improved speed, range, reliability, and ease of use, that have resulted in a rapid growth of RF in implantable devices. There has also been significant development of numerous network protocols and FCC allocations of bands targeted specifically for these applications. Thorough survey and analysis of patient and physician use cases is critical for steering the design and development phases to maximize a product's chance of success. Sufficient modeling, representative and comprehensive testing utilizing anechoic chambers and RF phantom recipes, iterative design methods, and in vivo studies are necessary for successful development of a high-frequency RF Class III medical device targeted for commercial release.
Acetylcholinesterase-Fc Fusion Protein (AChE-Fc): A Novel Potential Organophosphate Bioscavenger with Extended Plasma Half-Life (2015)

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is the physiological target of organophosphate nerve agent compounds. Currently, the development of a formulation for prophylactic administration of cholinesterases as bioscavengers in established risk situations of exposure to nerve agents is the incentive for many efforts. While cholinesterase bioscavengers were found to be highly effective in conferring protection against nerve agent exposure in animal models, their therapeutic use is complicated by short circulatory residence time. To create a bioscavenger with prolonged plasma half-life, compatible with biotechnological production and purification, a chimeric recombinant molecule of HuAChE coupled to the Fc region of human IgG1 was designed. The novel fusion protein, expressed in cultured cells under optimized conditions, maintains its full enzymatic activity, at levels similar to those of the recombinant AChE enzyme. Thus, this novel fusion product retained its binding affinity toward BW284c5 and propidium, and its bioscavenging reactivity toward the organophosphate-AChE inhibitors sarin and VX. Furthermore, when administered to mice, AChE-Fc exhibits exceptional circulatory residence longevity (MRT of 6000 min), superior to any other known cholinesterase-based recombinant bioscavengers. Owing to its optimized pharmacokinetic performance, high reactivity toward nerve agents, and ease of production, AChE-Fc emerges as a promising next-generation organophosphate bioscavenger.
Hemigramicidin-TEMPO conjugates: Novel mitochondria-targeted antioxidants (2007)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are reactive, partially reduced derivatives of molecular oxygen. ROS are important in the pathogenesis of a wide range of acute pathologic processes, including ischemia/reperfusion injury, sepsis, and shock. Accordingly, effective ROS scavengers might be useful therapeutic agents for these conditions. Since mitochondria are the primary sites for ROS production within cells, it seems reasonable that targeting ROS scavengers to these organelles could be a particularly effective strategy. Indeed, a number of compounds or classes of compounds have been described that are based on this concept. One approach consists of coupling a payload--the portion of the molecule with ROS-scavenging activities--to a targeting moiety--the portion of the molecule that promotes selective accumulation within mitochondria. For example, the payload portion of XJB-5-131 consists of a stable nitroxide radical, which has been extensively investigated as a cytoprotective agent in a number of experimental models of oxidative stress. The targeting portion of XJB-5-131 consists of a portion of the membrane-active cyclopeptide antibiotic, gramicidin S. The gramicidin segment was used to target the nitroxide payload to mitochondria because antibiotics of this type have a high affinity for bacterial membranes and because of the close relationship between bacteria and mitochondria. In a rat model of hemorrhagic shock, delayed treatment with XJB-5-131 has been shown to prolong survival time in the absence of resuscitation with blood or a large volume of crystalloid fluid. Compounds like XJB-5-131 warrant further evaluation for the treatment of hemorrhagic shock as well as other acute conditions associated with increased mitochondrial production of ROS.
Pyridylthiazole-based ureas as inhibitors of Rho associated protein kinases (ROCK1 and 2) (2012)

Potent ROCK inhibitors of a new class of 1-benzyl-3-(4-pyridylthiazol-2-yl)ureas have been identified. Remarkable differences in activity were observed for ureas bearing a benzylic stereogenic center. Derivatives with hydroxy, methoxy and amino groups at the meta position of the phenyl ring give rise to the most potent inhibitors (low nM). Substitutions at the para position result in substantial loss of potency. Changes at the benzylic position are tolerated resulting in significant potency in the case of methyl and methylenehydroxy groups. X-Ray crystallography was used to establish the binding mode of this class of inhibitors and provides an explanation for the observed differences of the enantiomer series. Potent inhibition of ROCK in human lung cancer cells was shown by suppression of the levels of phosphorylation of the ROCK substrate MYPT-1.
Antineoplastic Agents. 527. Synthesis of 7-Deoxynarcistatin, 7-Deoxy-<i>trans</i>-dihydronarcistatin, and <i>trans</i>-Dihydronarcistatin 1 (2005)

The synthesis of sodium narcistatin (8) was improved (88% overall yield) and the modified reaction sequence was utilized to synthesize three new 3,4-cyclic phosphate prodrugs, sodium 7-deoxynarcistatin (5), sodium 7-deoxy-trans-dihydronarcistatin (6), and sodium trans-dihydronarcistatin (7). The human cancer cell line inhibitory isocarbostyril precursors were isolated from the bulbs of Hymenocallis littoralis obtained by horticultural production or reduction of narciclasine (1a --> 4) from the same source.
Applications of Computation-In-Memory Architectures based on Memristive Devices (2019)

Today's computing architectures and device technologies are unable to meet the increasingly stringent demands on energy and performance posed by emerging applications. Therefore, alternative computing architectures are being explored that leverage novel post-CMOS device technologies. One of these is a Computation-in-Memory architecture based on memristive devices. This paper describes the concept of such an architecture and shows different applications that could significantly benefit from it. For each application, the algorithm, the architecture, the primitive operations, and the potential benefits are presented. The applications cover the domains of data analytics, signal processing, and machine learning.
Elimination of Amyloid β Neurotoxicity (2000)

Aggregation of the Alzheimer amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) Abeta1-42 forms neurotoxic fibrils. In contact with human neurons the fibrils cause rapid influx of external calcium through AMPA/kainate-channels. If this molecular mechanism reflects in vivo events, it could explain the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease; activation of AMPA/kainate channels is therefore a likely target for therapeutic intervention. Here we show that short antagonistic "decoy peptides", made of D-amino acids, eliminate this "calcium effect" of Ab1-42. Since chronically elevated calcium levels in the disease trigger activation of pathways that lead to neuron dysfunction and cell death, our decoy peptides are obvious candidates for drug development.
Deposition of Aluminum-Magnesium Alloys from Electrolytes Containing Organo-Aluminum Complexes (2001)

No abstracts
Vaccine candidates derived from a novel infectious cDNA clone of an American genotype dengue virus type 2 (2004)

The rDEN2Delta30 and rDEN2Delta30-4995 viruses can be considered for evaluation in humans and for inclusion in a tetravalent dengue vaccine.
A new adaptive estimation algorithm for wireless location finding systems (2003)

Wireless location finding is receiving increasing attention in the field of wireless communications. This is is due to an order issued by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) that mandates all wireless service providers to locate an emergency 911 caller within a high accuracy, by the year 2001. We derive a new (sub-optimal) maximum likelihood estimation algorithm for the time and amplitude of arrival of a known transmitted sequence over a single path fading channel. The new algorithm is then applied to the case of CDMA wireless location finding. The paper discusses both simulation and field trial results, all of which demonstrate significant estimation accuracy improvement over known algorithms.
Projection MR imaging of peripheral arterial calcifications (2014)

Purpose: Both CT and MR angiography are accurate for the evaluation of luminal abnormalities in peripheral arterial disease (PAD). However, only CT (requiring exposure to potentially hazardous ionizing radiation) provides a reliable means to detect vascular calcifications. In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of detecting peripheral arterial calcifications with MRI. Methods: The institutional investigational review board approved the study. Seven patients with PAD and iliofemoral arterial calcifications shown by prior CT angiography (CTA) were studied. The imaging techniques included: 1) dual-echo three-dimensional (3D) gradient recalled echo (GRE) pulse sequence using flow compensation and in-phase echo times (TE); and 2) prototype version of 3D point-wise encoding time reduction with radial acquisition (PETRA), which enables imaging with an ultra-short TE.
Triazolopyrimidines identified as reversible myeloperoxidase inhibitors (2017)

Myeloperoxidase, a mammalian peroxidase involved in the immune system as an anti-microbial first responder, can produce hypochlorous acid in response to invading pathogens. Myeloperoxidase has been implicated in several chronic pathological diseases due to the chronic production of hypochlorous acid, as well as other reactive radical species. A high throughput screen and triaging protocol was developed to identify a reversible inhibitor of myeloperoxidase toward the potential treatment of chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis. The identification and characterization of a reversible myeloperoxidase inhibitor, 7-(benzyloxy)-3<i>H</i>-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-<i>d</i>]pyrimidin-5-amine is described.
EGPRS2 Uplink Performance for GERAN Evolution (2008)

This paper presents a higher performance uplink concept for the evolution of GSM/EDGE radio access network (GERAN). The EGPRS2 UL concept can operate at 1.2 times the current GERAN symbol rate, and employ 4-, 16- and 32-QAM constellations, concatenated with convolutional codes. The interference introduced by the higher transmit signal bandwidth is mitigated by the use of interference rejection combining (IRC) receivers. We explore both noise and interference limited scenarios, in link and system level simulations. The simulation study shows that the user peak data rates can be increased up to 100%, and that the average throughput over practical signal to noise ratio (SNR) conditions can gain up to 50%. Therefore, coverage and user bit rates can be significantly improved without requiring additional radio frequency spectrum.
Nonresonant acoustic projector project : mechanical 5-50 Hz device provides stable underwater acoustic output with frequency and amplitude controllable and independent of depth / H.A. Wilcox. (1980)

NAME-ANNO ADDR ES2).Further work showed, however, that this system would require an unduly expensive cam plus large, expensive cam followers.GO Pickens and JM Walton had independently suggested that a flat linkage system driven by an eccentric might do the job.However, all such systems apparently needed a sliding element, which would be energetically lossy as well "as somewhat unreliable in operation.LE McKinley then suggested that the Walschaert valve gear (for old-time steam locomotives) be looked into, and this quest resurrected the Baker modification of the Walschaert system.Finally, a modification of the Baker system in turn vecame the basis for the design that was used successfully in the project.*See, for example, NAVMAT P-9675, Physics of Sound in the Sea, p 462. **Other low-frequency nonresonant sources exist, but none combines all the advantages of this one so far as the author is aware.