gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Impedance based electrochemical biosensors (2009)

An impedance based electrochemical biosensor was designed and fabricated for the detection of various chemical and biological species, with glass as substrate material and gold electrodes. A flow cell with inlet and outlet ports for the micro fluidic chamber was designed and fabricated using an acrylic material with a reservoir volume of 78 ¿l. The feasibility of the fabricated sensor for detecting very low concentration of chemical and biological species was demonstrated. The impedance based response of the two-terminal device revealed a very high sensitivity with low concentrations of potassium chloride (KCl), cadmium sulphide (CdS), mouse monoclonal IgG, and D-proline at pico mole levels.
Section level search functionality in Europe PMC (2015)

The section search is available from the advanced search within Europe PMC (http://europepmc.org). The source code is freely available from http://europepmc.org/ftp/oa/SectionTagger/.
Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Induces High Expression of HLA-G In CD3+CD4+ T Lymphocytes and CD3+CD8+ T Lymphocytes (2010)

Abstract Abstract 4870 Background and objectives: Human leukocyte antigen –G (HLA–G) is a nonclassic HLA class I molecule and has the immunosuppressive activity. We investigate the effects of Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on the expression and secretion level of HLA-G in peripheral blood and bone marrow cells, and attempt to explain the mechanism of the low incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in G-CSF-primed bone marrow (G-BM) or peripheral blood stem cells (G-PBSC) transplantation. Methods: Bone marrow and peripheral blood cells of 10 donors were collected pre-mobilization and at day 5 after G-CSF mobilization. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of membrane-bound HLA-G (mHLA-G) of CD3+CD4+ T lymphocytes, CD3+CD8+ T lymphocytes, CD19+ B lymphocytes, CD56+ NK cell, CD14+ monocytes and CD33+ granulocytes. The levels of soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) and cytokine were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Bone marrow cells and peripheral blood cells of pre-mobilization were incubated for 24h, which are divided into 5 groups: (a) blank group, (b) with G-CSF, (c) with G-CSF and blocking antibody of IL-10, (d) with G-CSF and blocking antibody of IFN-γ, (e) with G-CSF, blocking antibody of IL-10 and blocking antibody of IFN-γ. Results: The levels of mHLA-G of CD3+CD4+ lymphocytes, CD3+CD8+ lymphocytes and the levels of sHLA-G at day 5 after G-CSF mobilization groups were significantly higher than the pre-mobilization groups both in bone marrow and peripheral blood cells, especially in CD3+CD8+ lymphocytes. The levels of mHLA-G of CD19+ B lymphocytes, CD56+ NK cells, CD14+ monocytes and CD33+ granulocytes had no significant difference in the two groups. The levels of IL-10 or IFN-γ in plasma of bone marrow or peripheral blood at day 5 after G-CSF mobilization groups were much higher than the pre-mobilization groups. The levels of mHLA-G of CD3+CD4+ lymphocytes, CD3+CD8+ lymphocytes and the levels of sHLA-G in bone marrow cells or peripheral blood cells incubating with G-CSF for 24h were significantly higher than the groups without incubating with G-CSF. And the blocking antibody of IL-10 or the blocking antibody of IFN-γ could not reduce the expression levels of mHLA-G and sHLA-G in vitro. Conclusion: G-CSF can act on cells directly to increase the expression levels of HLA-G in CD3+CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD3+CD8+ T lymphocytes. It might be assciated with the low incidence of GVHD in G-BM transplantation or G-PBSC transplantation. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (30971300), Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province of China (2009A030200007) and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (200902332, 20080440776). Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Partial oxidation of methane by nitrous oxide over molybdenum on silica (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPartial oxidation of methane by nitrous oxide over molybdenum on silicaH. F. Liu, R. S. Liu, K. Y. Liew, R. E. Johnson, and J. H. LunsfordCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 15, 4117–4121Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00327a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00327a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1729Altmetric-Citations319LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Regulation of Ras Exchange Factors and Cellular Localization of Ras Activation by Lipid Messengers in T Cells (2013)

The Ras-MAPK signaling pathway is highly conserved throughout evolution and is activated downstream of a wide range of receptor stimuli. Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RasGEFs) catalyze GTP loading of Ras and play a pivotal role in regulating receptor-ligand induced Ras activity. In T cells, three families of functionally important RasGEFs are expressed: RasGRF, RasGRP, and SOS-family GEFs. Early on it was recognized that Ras activation is critical for T cell development and that the RasGEFs play an important role herein. More recent work has revealed that nuances in Ras activation appear to significantly impact T cell development and selection. These nuances include distinct biochemical patterns of analog versus digital Ras activation, differences in cellular localization of Ras activation, and intricate interplays between the RasGEFs during distinct T cell developmental stages as revealed by various new mouse models. In many instances, the exact nature of these nuances in Ras activation or how these may result from fine-tuning of the RasGEFs is not understood. One large group of biomolecules critically involved in the control of Ras-GEFs´functions are lipid second messengers. Multiple, yet distinct lipid products are generated following T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation and bind to different domains in the RasGRP and SOS RasGEFs to facilitate the activation of the membrane-anchored Ras GTPases. In this review we highlight how different lipid-based elements are generated by various enzymes downstream of the TCR and other receptors and how these dynamic and interrelated lipid products may fine-tune Ras activation by RasGEFs in developing T cells.
Bacterins and vaccines for the control of Mycoplasma gallisepticum. (1984)

The preferred method for the control of Mycoplasma gallisepticum is eradication. Unfortunately, the advent of multiple-age farms for poultry production has made eradication impractical after the organism has been introduced. Live vaccination with the F strain of M. gallisepticum during the rearing period has been used to prevent egg production losses. More recently, an inactivated oil emulsion bacterin has become available commercially. Vaccine and bacterin offer protection against egg production losses, respiratory signs and lesions, and egg transmission. Vaccination of broilers, however, is not yet feasible, Bacterin offers minimal protection against infection. The use of bacterins and vaccines on multiple-age farms is being studied as a potential eradication tool.
Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of 217 Cases of COVID-19 in Jiangsu Province, China (2021)

BACKGROUND COVID-19 has become a worldwide epidemic disease and is a public health crisis. We aim to provide evidence for clinical diagnosis and assessment of severity by analyzing patients' clinical data and early laboratory results and exploring the correlation between laboratory results and clinical classification. MATERIAL AND METHODS We enrolled 283 cases of suspected and diagnosed COVID-19 from 16 hospitals in Jiangsu Province from January to April 2020. The routine laboratory blood examinations, T lymphocyte subsets, and biochemical and coagulation function among different populations were contrasted by t test and chi-square (χ²) test. RESULTS Cough, fever, and dyspnea could be helpful to diagnose COVID-19 infection (P<0.05). Patients who were older or had comorbidities tended to become severe and critical cases. Among all the patients, the most obvious abnormal laboratory results were higher neutrophil count, CRP, total bilirubin, BUN, CRE, APTT, PT, and D-dimer, and lower blood platelet and lymphocyte count. CD3⁺ T cell, CD4⁺ T cell, and CD8⁺ T cell counts gradually decreased with exacerbation of the disease (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Cough and fever were the most common symptom. Patients with comorbidities were in more serious condition. The detection of inflammatory indexes, coagulation function, lymphocyte subsets, and renal function can help diagnose and assess the severity of COVID-19.
Internal friction and modulus changes associated with martensitic and reverse transformations in a single crystal Ni48.5Mn31.4Ga20.1 alloy (2004)

Internal friction and the elastic modulus of Ni–Mn–Ga single crystals have been simultaneously measured as a function of the temperature during cooling and heating at 3 °C/min between 140 and 20 or 0 °C. The measurements were done in single cantilever mode. Two distinct internal friction peaks indicate martensitic and reverse transformation, respectively. The martensitic transformation temperature TM and reverse transformation temperature TA agree with that determined by differential scanning calorimetry. Softening of the modulus is observed near both the martensitic transformation and the reverse transformation.
Detection techniques for Orbital Angular Momentum states (2021)

We experimentally demonstrate a machine-learning-based protocol to char- acterize orbital angular momentum states. Moreover, a more accurate formalization of the state engineering process allows increasing both its performance and that of a quantum state discrimination process.
HCV IRES domain IIb affects the configuration of coding RNA in the 40S subunit's decoding groove (2011)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) uses a structured internal ribosome entry site (IRES) RNA to recruit the translation machinery to the viral RNA and begin protein synthesis without the ribosomal scanning process required for canonical translation initiation. Different IRES structural domains are used in this process, which begins with direct binding of the 40S ribosomal subunit to the IRES RNA and involves specific manipulation of the translational machinery. We have found that upon initial 40S subunit binding, the stem-loop domain of the IRES that contains the start codon unwinds and adopts a stable configuration within the subunit's decoding groove. This configuration depends on the sequence and structure of a different stem-loop domain (domain IIb) located far from the start codon in sequence, but spatially proximal in the IRES•40S complex. Mutation of domain IIb results in misconfiguration of the HCV RNA in the decoding groove that includes changes in the placement of the AUG start codon, and a substantial decrease in the ability of the IRES to initiate translation. Our results show that two distal regions of the IRES are structurally communicating at the initial step of 40S subunit binding and suggest that this is an important step in driving protein synthesis.
Gas permeabilities of poly(trimethylsilylpropyne) membranes surface modified with CF<sub>4</sub> plasma (1993)

Abstract Surface fluorination of poly(trimethylsilylpropyne) (PTMSP) membranes by CF 4 plasma was studied. The surface fluorination of the membranes was carried out in an atmosphere of CF 4 in a capacitively coupled discharge apparatus with external electrodes. Dramatic increase in selectivity ( P / P ) was observed. The effect of fluorination conditions such as duration of treatment and discharge power on the permeabilities of the membranes was studied. X‐ray photoelectron spectrometric data of modified PTMSP membranes showed a drastic alternation in the surface layer. The P and P / P of the membranes were observed to be dependent on the F/C atomic ratio. At F/C > 1, the P / P value of the membranes could be more than four. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Round Ready Flex Cotton: Glyphosate Tolerance and Weed Management 2002-2003 (2004)

The tolerance of Roundup Ready (RR) Flex cotton to topical Roundup Weathermax (glyphosate) applications and weed management programs in RR Flex cotton were studied in 2002 and 2003 at the University of Arizona Maricopa Agricultural Center. RR Flex cotton demonstrated excellent tolerance to glyphosate as measured by flower pollen shed and lint yield when sprayed topically with glyphosate at 2.25 lb ae/A four times (at the 3 leaf, 6 node, 10 node and 14 node growth stages). Line 1445 containing the current commercial RR genetic construct had a flower sterility/pollen shed rating of 4.6 (1 equals full pollen shed and 5 equals no pollen shed) on 28 June 2003 compared to ratings of 1.1 to 1.9 in lines containing the RR Flex genetic construct. Cotton yields followed a similar pattern with 1145 yielding 386 lb seed cotton/A compared to 1477 to 1894 lb seed cotton/A for the best lines containing the RR Flex genetic construct (yields were generally low because all lines had a Cocker genetic background that is not adapted to hot desert production conditions.) The presence of the RR gene did not affect the yield of genotype pairs that were identical except for the presence or absence of the RR Flex genetic construct. In the weed management study, delaying the first topical glyphosate application resulted in larger, more difficult to control weeds and reduced cotton yield by allowing greater early season competition between weeds and cotton. The best weed control programs included early (1 to 2 leaf growth stage) topical applications at rates greater than 0.75 lb ae/A and a second Roundup application after the first post-planting irrigation (10 node growth stage). The data also suggested that there may be significant value in making a layby, directed-broadcast application that includes a residual herbicide such as prometryn at layby.
Decoupled Spatial-Temporal Attention Network for Skeleton-Based Action Recognition (2020)

Dynamic skeletal data, represented as the 2D/3D coordinates of human joints, has been widely studied for human action recognition due to its high-level semantic information and environmental robustness. However, previous methods heavily rely on designing hand-crafted traversal rules or graph topologies to draw dependencies between the joints, which are limited in performance and generalizability. In this work, we present a novel decoupled spatial-temporal attention network(DSTA-Net) for skeleton-based action recognition. It involves solely the attention blocks, allowing for modeling spatial-temporal dependencies between joints without the requirement of knowing their positions or mutual connections. Specifically, to meet the specific requirements of the skeletal data, three techniques are proposed for building attention blocks, namely, spatial-temporal attention decoupling, decoupled position encoding and spatial global regularization. Besides, from the data aspect, we introduce a skeletal data decoupling technique to emphasize the specific characteristics of space/time and different motion scales, resulting in a more comprehensive understanding of the human actions.To test the effectiveness of the proposed method, extensive experiments are conducted on four challenging datasets for skeleton-based gesture and action recognition, namely, SHREC, DHG, NTU-60 and NTU-120, where DSTA-Net achieves state-of-the-art performance on all of them.
Modal Analysis of Double-Helical Planetary Gears With Numerical and Analytical Approach (2014)

The vibration modal properties of double-helical planetary gear (DHPG) system with three-dimensional motion are investigated with a combined use of numerical and analytical approach in this paper. The lumped-parameter model of the DHPG considering stiffness coupled between the left gear and the right gear is developed. Load-sharing with journal bearings is accepted in this planetary gear system, so that four stiffness coefficients can be applied to describe the dynamic behavior between the planet gear and the carrier. The model has three planar degrees of freedom for the carrier and an added axial degree of freedom for all gears, considering the effect of axial dynamic forces. The vibration equations are obtained according to Lagrange equation. A modal type distribution map is plotted initially to simplify modal classification. With the application of this modal type distribution map, all vibration modes are categorized distinctly into three essentially different types of modes including planet mode (PM), rotational-axial mode (RAM), and planer-translational mode (PTM). Unique characteristics of these vibration modes, such as, eigenvalue number, multiplicity of natural frequencies and deflection relations, are deduced and proved analytically. For each type of vibration modes, the reduced-order eigenvalue problems are derived.
Arbitrary branched and intersecting cracks with the extended finite element method (2000)

Extensions of a new technique for the finite element modelling of cracks with multiple branches, multiple holes and cracks emanating from holes are presented. This extended finite element method (X-FEM) allows the representation of crack discontinuities and voids independently of the mesh. A standard displacement-based approximation is enriched by incorporating discontinuous fields through a partition of unity method. A methodology that constructs the enriched approximation based on the interaction of the discontinuous geometric features with the mesh is developed. Computation of the stress intensity factors (SIF) in different examples involving branched and intersecting cracks as well as cracks emanating from holes are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and the robustness of the proposed technique. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Potential Role for Multiple Tissue Kallikrein Serine Proteases in Epidermal Desquamation (2006)

Desquamation of the stratum corneum is a serine protease-dependent process. Two members of the human tissue kallikrein (KLK) family of (chymo)tryptic-like serine proteases, KLK5 and KLK7, are implicated in desquamation by digestion of (corneo)desmosomes and inhibition by desquamation-related serine protease inhibitors (SPIs). However, the epidermal localization and specificity of additional KLKs also supports a role for these enzymes in desquamation. This study aims to delineate the probable contribution of KLK1, KLK5, KLK6, KLK13, and KLK14 to desquamation by examining their interactions, in vitro, with: 1) colocalized SPI, lympho-epithelial Kazal-type-related inhibitor (LEKTI, four recombinant fragments containing inhibitory domains 1-6 (rLEKTI(1-6)), domains 6-8 and partial domain 9 (rLEKTI(6-9')), domains 9-12 (rLEKTI(9-12)), and domains 12-15 (rLEKTI(12-15)), secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, and elafin and 2) their ability to digest the (corneo)desmosomal cadherin, desmoglein 1. KLK1 was not inhibited by any SPI tested. KLK5, KLK6, KLK13, and KLK14 were potently inhibited by rLEKTI(1-6), rLEKTI(6-9'), and rLEKTI(9-12) with Ki values in the range of 2.3-28.4 nm, 6.1-221 nm, and 2.7-416 nm for each respective fragment. Only KLK5 was inhibited by rLEKTI(12-15) (Ki = 21.8 nm). No KLK was inhibited by secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor or elafin. Apart from KLK13, all KLKs digested the ectodomain of desmoglein 1 within cadherin repeats, Ca2+ binding sites, or in the juxtamembrane region. Our study indicates that multiple KLKs may participate in desquamation through cleavage of desmoglein 1 and regulation by LEKTI. These findings may have clinical implications for the treatment of skin disorders in which KLK activity is elevated.
Spectral Phonon Transport Properties of Silicon Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Lattice Dynamics (2008)

Although the thermal conductivity of silicon has been studied before, current estimations for the phonon mean free paths have not provided full explanation of the strong size effects experimentally observed for various silicon micro and nanostructures.Since phonon relaxation time models are mostly semi-empirical, the mean free paths cannot be determined reliably and questions remain as to which polarizations, frequencies and wavelengths are dominant heat carriers.Here we have used a combination of equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations and lattice dynamics calculations to fully detail the spectral dependence of phonon transport properties in bulk silicon.By considering the frequency dependence of the specific heat, group velocities and mean free paths, we address these unresolved questions and examine the errors associated with isotropic and frequency averaged approximations.Simulation details, such as the convergence of results on the simulation time and extraction of phonon transport properties in different crystallographic directions, are also discussed.
Premature Ventricular Complexes and the Risk of Incident Stroke (2010)

Frequent PVCs are associated with risk of incident stroke in participants free of hypertension and diabetes. This suggests that PVCs may contribute to atrioventricular remodeling or may be a risk marker for incident stroke, particularly embolic stroke.
Marketing the intranet (2018)

One model of the way in which users adopt new technologies is the Gartner Technology Hype Cycle, illustrated in Figure 14.1. This model works well for intranets. The project begins from a technology trigger, such as the inability of the CMS to support user requirements, or the enterprise adoption of Microsoft SharePoint. Work begins on implementing the new technology platform and, especially among the senior management team, there are expectations that the new intranet will soon make a significant impact on business performance.
Microcapsule Enabled Multicatalyst System (2006)

We present a new microencapsulated catalyst and report its use in a tandem multicatalyst reaction. Using an encapsulation technique, we developed an active, site-isolated amine catalyst that is capable of catalyzing the addition of nitromethane to an aldehyde. When a second Lewis acid catalyst is added, the nitroalkene intermediate is trapped and converted to the corresponding Michael adduct. We show that if the amine catalyst is not encapsulated, the two catalysts cannot function together. Moreover, if the two reactions are performed in sequence rather than in tandem, the first reaction results in an undesired dinitro product and the desired Michael adduct is not formed.