gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunomodulation of the tumor microenvironment by neutralization of Semaphorin 4D (2015)

Semaphorin 4D is highly expressed at the invasive tumor margin and acts as a guidance molecule, restricting movement of tumoricidal immune cells into the tumor microenvironment. We recently showed that antibody neutralization of SEMA4D augmented activated monocyte and anticancer T-cell tumor penetration and that anti-SEMA4D antibody potentiated other immunomodulatory therapies in murine tumor models.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antihypertensive Activity of 4‐(Cyclic Amido)‐2H‐1‐benzopyrans. (1987)

Abstract Hydroxybromination of the benzopyrans (I), followed by cyclization, gives the epoxides (III) which are substituted by pyrrolidone (IV), yielding the derivatives (V).
A2A receptor signaling promotes peripheral tolerance by inducing T-cell anergy and the generation of adaptive regulatory T cells (2007)

Tissue-derived adenosine, acting via the adenosine A(2A) receptor (A(2A)R), is emerging as an important negative regulator of T-cell function. In this report, we demonstrate that A(2A)R stimulation not only inhibits the generation of adaptive effector T cells but also promotes the induction of adaptive regulatory T cells. In vitro, antigen recognition in the setting of A(2A)R engagement induces T-cell anergy, even in the presence of costimulation. T cells initially stimulated in the presence of an A(2A)R agonist fail to proliferate and produce interleukin-2 and interferon (IFN)-gamma when rechallenged in the absence of A(2A)R stimulation. Likewise, in an in vivo model of autoimmunity, tissue-derived adenosine promotes anergy and abrogates tissue destruction. Indeed, A(2A)R stimulation inhibits interleukin-6 expression while enhancing the production of transforming growth factor-beta. Accordingly, treating mice with A(2A)R agonists not only inhibits Th1 and Th17 effector cell generation but also promotes the generation of Foxp3(+) and LAG-3(+) regulatory T cells. In this regard, A(2A)R agonists fail to prevent autoimmunity by LAG-3(-/-) clonotypic T cells, implicating an important role for LAG-3 in adenosine-mediated peripheral tolerance. Overall, our findings demonstrate that extracellular adenosine stimulates the A(2A)R to promote long-term T-cell anergy and the generation of adaptive regulatory T cells.
Continuous flow method for determination of erythrocyte osmotic fragility (1977)

A simple and accurate micromethod for the determination of erythrocyte osmotic fragility is introduced. The method uses a laminar parabolic flow pattern, together with gravity, to retain cells in a long, small-diameter tube while a solution with decreasing osmolarity is passed through the tube. As the cells hemolyze, hemoglobin released from the cells is quickly removed by the axial flow pattern and monitored with a 547 nm optical detector for recording the hemolysis curve. Consequently, a continuous curve is obtained, with a peak occurring at the salt concentration that produces the maximum hemolysis rate. The advantages of this method are simplicity, accuracy, and small sample size (2 microliters of whole blood). The small sample size is of particular importance for infants. A comparison is made with the Parpart method using samples from 18 normal adults. Results are also given for a few abnormal adults and for a series of 26 normal newborns.
A Popularity-Based Approach for Effective Cloud Offload in Fog Deployments. (2018)

International audience
A new framework for incorporating appearance and shape features of lung nodules for precise diagnosis of lung cancer (2017)

This paper proposes a novel framework for the classification of lung nodules using computed tomography (CT) scans. The proposed framework is based on the integrating the following features to get accurate diagnosis of detected lung nodules: (i) Spherical Harmonics-based shape features that have the ability to describe the shape complexity of the lung nodules; (ii) Higher-Order Markov Gibbs Random Field (MGRF)-based appearance model that has the ability to describe the spatial inhomogeneities in the lung nodule; and (iii) volumetric features that describe the size of lung nodules. To accurately model the surface/shape of the detect lung nodules, we used spherical harmonics expansion due to its ability to approximate the surfaces of complicated shapes. We will use the reconstruction error curve as a new metric to describe the shape complexity of the detected lung nodules. Moreover, we developed a new higher 7 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> -order MGRF model that has the ability to model the existing the spatial inhomogeneities for both small and large detected lung nodules. Finally, a deep autoencoder (AE) classifier is fed by the above three features to distinguish between the malignant and benign nodules. To evaluate the proposed framework, we used the publicly available data from the Lung Image Database Consortium (LIDC). We used a total of 116 nodules that were collected from 60 patients. By achieving a classification accuracy of 96.00%, the proposed system demonstrates promise to be a valuable tool for the detection of lung cancer.
A case for asymmetric-cell cache memories (2005)

In this paper, we make the case for building high-performance asymmetric-cell caches (ACCs) that employ recently-proposed asymmetric SRAMs to reduce leakage proportionally to the number of resident zero bits. Because ACCs target memory value content (independent of cell activity and access patterns), they complement prior proposals for reducing cache leakage that target memory access characteristics. Through detailed simulation and leakage estimation using a commercial 0.13-/spl mu/m CMOS process model, we show that: 1) on average 75% of resident data cache bits and 64% of resident instruction cache bits are zero; 2) while prior research carefully evaluated the fraction of accessed zero bytes, we show that a high fraction of accessed zero bytes is neither a necessary nor a sufficient condition for a high fraction of resident zero bits; 3) the zero-bit program behavior persists even when we restrict our attention to live data, thereby complementing prior leakage-saving techniques that target inactive cells; and 4) ACCs can reduce leakage on the average by 4.3/spl times/ compared to a conventional data cache without any performance loss, and by 9/spl times/ at the cost of a 5% increase in overall cache access latency.
An interference suppressing OFDM system for wireless communications (2003)

The orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) system introduced here, termed interference suppressing OFDM (IS-OFDM), has the capabilities of suppressing narrowband interference in wideband wireless applications. The IS-OFDM encodes each transmitted symbol in all frequency bins. Each frequency bin then "contains" all transmitted symbols which are distinguished and separated from each other by orthogonal Hadamard sequences. The IS-OFDM can provide a point-to-point wireless link without spreading the incoming data rate. In addition, the IS-OFDM has all the advantages of the ordinary OFDM, which is shown to be a special case of the IS-OFDM. We present the IS-OFDM system design and evaluate its performance in the presence of narrowband interference and AWGN channel.
The Amino Acid Sequence in Fibrin Responsible for High Affinity Thrombin Binding (2001)

Human fibrin has a low affinity thrombin binding site in its E domain and a high affinity binding site in the carboxy-terminal region of its variant gamma' chain (gamma'408-427). Comparison of the gamma' amino acid sequence (VRPEHPAETEYDSLYPEDDL) with other protein sequences known to bind to thrombin exosites such as those in GPIbalpha, the platelet thrombin receptor, thrombomodulin, and hirudin suggests no homology or consensus sequences, but Glu and Asp enrichment are common to all. Tyrosine sulfation in these sequences enhances thrombin exosite binding, but this has not been uniformly investigated. The fibrinogen gamma' chain mass determined by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, was 50,549 Da, a value 151 Da greater than predicted from its amino acid/carbohydrate sequence. Since each sulfate group increases mass by 80 Da, this indicates that both tyrosines at 418 and 422 are sulfated. A series of overlapping gamma' peptides was prepared for evaluation of their inhibition of 125I-labeled PPACK-thrombin binding to fibrin. gamma'414-427 was as effective an inhibitor as gamma'408-427 and its binding affinity was dependent on all carboxy-terminal residues. Mono Tyr-sulfated peptides were prepared by substituting non-sulfatable Phe for Tyr at gamma'418 or 422. Sulfation at either Tyr residue increased binding competition compared with non-sulfated peptides, but was less effective than doubly sulfated peptides, which had 4 to 8-fold greater affinity. The reverse gamma' peptide or the forward sequence with repositioned Tyr residues did not compete well for thrombin binding, indicating that the positions of charged residues are important for thrombin binding affinity.
Photographic-image storage in ion-implanted PLZT ceramics (1982)

Abstract Photographic images can be stored in transparent lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) ceramics using near-UV light with photon energies near the band gap energy of 3.42 eV. Coimplanting inert ions, e.g., Ar, Ne and He, into the surface exposed to image light can increase near-UV photosensitivity by a factor of almost 104, with no degradation of image quality, so that the exposure energy threshold is reduced from ∼ 100 mJ/cm2 to ∼ 10 μJ/cm2. Coimplanting chemically active and inert ions, e.g., Al or Ne, can result in similar improvement of the extrinsic (visible light) photosensitivity and in an essentially flat photoresponse from about 400 to 600 nm. In addition, thermal diffusion of Al followed by Ne implantation yield photosensitivity increases in the near-UV comparable to the best results obtained to date with ion implantation. The Al-diffused plus Ne-implanted samples also have the highest photosensitivity obtained to date in the blue region of the visible spectrum. Ion implanted, or Al-diffused plus Ne implanted, PLZT is now the most sensitive, nonvolatile but selectively erasable image storage medium known to exist.
Dynamic and Accretive Composition of Patient Engagement Instruments for Personalized Plan Generation (2014)

Patient engagement is important to help patients become more informed and active in managing their health. Effective patient engagement demands short, yet valid instruments for measuring self-efficacy in various care dimensions. However, the static instruments are often too lengthy to be effective for assessment purposes. Furthermore, these tests could neither account for the dynamicity of measurements over time, nor differentiate care dimensions that are more critical to certain sub-populations. To remedy these disadvantages, we devise a dynamic instrument composition approach that can model the measurement of patient self-efficacy over time and iteratively select critical care dimensions and appropriate assessment questions based on dynamic user categorization. The dynamically composed instruments are expected to guide patients through self-management reinforcement cycles within or across care dimensions, while tightly integrated into clinical workflow and standard care processes.
Restricted V<sub>α</sub>2.3 gene usage by CD4<sup>+</sup> T lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from sarcoidosis patients correlates with HLA‐DR3 (1992)

The alpha/beta T cell receptor (TcR) V gene usage of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) lymphocytes and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from 11 sarcoidosis patients and 4 healthy controls was investigated, using eight alpha/beta TcR V gene product-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAb). Twenty-seven percent (3/11) of the sarcoidosis patients had a highly significant increase in V alpha 2.3+CD4+ T lymphocytes in the bronchoalveolar space, while displaying normal frequencies of these T cells in peripheral blood. The reactivities with the remaining seven TcR mAb were normal. In the control group, no compartmentalization of any T cells was seen. Four of the patients expressed the HLA-DR3 (w17), DQw2 haplotype. Interestingly, the three patients with distinct signs of compartmentalized V alpha 2.3+CD4+ T cells all expressed this HLA haplotype. Additionally, a fourth patient with pronounced, although less significant, accumulation of V alpha 2.3+CD4+ T cells in the lung, was also HLA-DR3(w17), DQw2+. Expression of V alpha 2.3+CD4+ T cells in BAL of these patients correlated with clinical disease, as revealed on re-analyzing the four patients after 6 months or longer. Predominant TcR V alpha 2.3 gene usage in compartmentalized CD4+ BAL T lymphocytes, linked to HLA-DR3(w17), DQw2 haplotype, may thus indicate presence of a specific antigen localized to the lungs of sarcoidosis patients.
Surface Plasma Wave Excitation at a 2-D Corrugated Metal∕semiconductor Interface for Infrared Photodetectors (2011)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation S. C. Lee, S. Krishna, S. R. J. Brueck; Surface Plasma Wave Excitation at a 2‐D Corrugated Metal/semiconductor Interface for Infrared Photodetectors. AIP Conf. Proc. 23 December 2011; 1399 (1): 1003–1004. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3666717 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Minimization of Motion Smear: Reducing Avian Collision with Wind Turbines; Period of Performance: July 12, 1999 -- August 31, 2002 (2003)

Collisions with wind turbines can be a problem for many species of birds. Of particular concern are collisions by eagles and other protected species. This research study used the laboratory methods of physiological optics, animal psychophysics, and retinal electrophysiology to analyze the causes of collisions and to evaluate visual deterrents based on the results of this analysis. Bird collisions with the seemingly slow-moving turbines seem paradoxical given the superb vision that most birds, especially raptors, possess. However, our optical analysis indicated that as the eye approaches the rotating blades, the retinal image of the blade (which is the information that is transmitted to the animal's brain) increases in velocity until it is moving so fast that the retina cannot keep up with it. At this point, the retinal image becomes a transparent blur that the bird probably interprets as a safe area to fly through, with disastrous consequences. This phenomenon is called"motion smear" or"motion blur."
Text and image sharpening of scanned images in the JPEG domain (2002)

The visual quality of scanned color documents suffers because of inherent limitations in color scanners. In cases where the scanned documents will also be compressed using the JPEG standard, we present a new technique that sharpens the compressed images in the DCT domain. Sharpening is achieved by suitably scaling each element of the encoding quantization table to enhance the high-frequency characteristics of the image. Experimental results show improved text and image quality with no additional computation cost.
SBS-Based Fiber Optical Sensing Using Frequency-Domain Simultaneous Tone Interrogation (2011)

A frequency-sweep-free method for stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS)-based sensing is proposed, having the potential for fast acquisition characteristics. The Brillouin gain spectrum and the Brillouin frequency shift are determined using multiple frequency tones for both the probe and pump. While in this paper, continuous wave probe and pump waves are used to prove the feasibility of the concept, an extension to fast distributed sensing, using pulsed pumps, is also described.
Minimum Barrier Salient Object Detection at 80 FPS (2015)

We propose a highly efficient, yet powerful, salient object detection method based on the Minimum Barrier Distance (MBD) Transform. The MBD transform is robust to pixel-value fluctuation, and thus can be effectively applied on raw pixels without region abstraction. We present an approximate MBD transform algorithm with 100X speedup over the exact algorithm. An error bound analysis is also provided. Powered by this fast MBD transform algorithm, the proposed salient object detection method runs at 80 FPS, and significantly outperforms previous methods with similar speed on four large benchmark datasets, and achieves comparable or better performance than state-of-the-art methods. Furthermore, a technique based on color whitening is proposed to extend our method to leverage the appearance-based backgroundness cue. This extended version further improves the performance, while still being one order of magnitude faster than all the other leading methods.
Computed Axial Lithography (CAL): Toward Single Step 3D Printing of Arbitrary Geometries (2017)

Most additive manufacturing processes today operate by printing voxels (3D pixels) serially point-by-point to build up a 3D part. In some more recently-developed techniques, for example optical printing methods such as projection stereolithography [Zheng et al. 2012], [Tumbleston et al. 2015], parts are printed layer-by-layer by curing full 2d (very thin in one dimension) layers of the 3d part in each print step. There does not yet exist a technique which is able to print arbitrarily-defined 3D geometries in a single print step. If such a technique existed, it could be used to expand the range of printable geometries in additive manufacturing and relax constraints on factors such as overhangs in topology optimization. It could also vastly increase print speed for 3D parts. In this work, we develop the principles for an approach for single exposure 3D printing of arbitrarily defined geometries. The approach, termed Computed Axial Lithgography (CAL), is based on tomographic reconstruction, with mathematical optimization to generate a set of projections to optically define an arbitrary dose distribution within a target volume. We demonstrate the potential ability of the technique to print 3D parts using a prototype CAL system based on sequential illumination from many angles. We also propose new hardware designs which will help us to realize true single-shot arbitrary-geometry 3D CAL.
Vertical Set Square Distance Based Clustering without Prior Knowledge of K. (2005)

Clustering is automated identification of groups of objects based on similarity. In clustering two major research issues are scalability and the requirement of domain knowledge to determine input parameters. Most approaches suggest the use of sampling to address the issue of scalability. However, sampling does not guarantee the best solution and can cause significant loss in accuracy. Most approaches also require the use of domain knowledge, trial and error techniques, or exhaustive searching to figure out the required input parameters. In this paper we introduce a new clustering technique based on the set square distance. Cluster membership is determined based on the set squared distance to the respective cluster. As in the case of mean for k-means and median for k-medoids, the cluster is represented by the entire cluster of points for each evaluation of membership. The set square distance for all n items can be computed efficiently in O(n) using a vertical data structure and a few pre-computed values. Special ordering of the set square distance is used to break the data into the “natural” clusters compared to the need of a known k for k-means or kmedoids type of partition clustering. Superior results are observed when the new clustering technique is compared with the classical k-means clustering. To prove the cluster quality and the resolution of the unknown k, data sets with known classes such as the iris data, the uci_kdd network intrusion data, and synthetic data are used. The scalability of the proposed technique is proved using a large RSI data set.
Suppression of adenine nucleotide translocase-2 by vector-based siRNA in human breast cancer cells induces apoptosis and inhibits tumor growth in vitro and in vivo (2008)

These results suggest that vector-based ANT2 RNA interference could be an efficient molecular therapeutic method for breast cancer with high expression of ANT2.
<title>Broadly Tunable Picosecond Infrared (IR) Source</title> (1980)

We report a completely grating tuned (1.9 to 2.4 µm) picosecond traveling wave it generator capable of controlled spectral bandwith operation down to the Fourier Transform limit. Subsequent down conversion in CdSe extends the tuning range to 10 to 20 µm.
Multiscale segmentation of the skull in MR images for MRI-based attenuation correction of combined MR/PET (2013)

The multiscale segmentation method is robust and accurate and can be used for MRI-based attenuation correction in combined MR/PET.
Improvements in Mechanical Properties in SiC by the Addition of TiC Particles (1984)

Silicon carbide ceramics containing up to 24.6 vol% dispersed TiC particles yielded fully dense composites by hot‐pressing at 2000°C with 1 wt% Al and 1 wt% C added. The micro‐structure consists of fine TiC particles in a fine‐grained SiC matrix. Addition of TiC particles increases the critical fracture toughness of SiC (to ∼6 MPa·m 1/2 at 24.6 vol% TiC) and yields high flexure strength (≥680 MPa), with both properties increasing with increasing volume fraction of TiC. The strengths at high temperatures are also improved by the TiC additions. Observations of the fracture path indicate that the improved toughness and strength are a result of crack deflection by the TiC particles.
Identification of KASIII enzymes with novel substrate specificities: demonstration of in vivo production of novel ω‐1 hydroxylated fatty acids using a novel KASIII (967.7) (2014)

Most bacteria and plants typically synthesize straight and/or branched chain fatty acids. The proportion of these two classes of fatty acids is determined by availability of acyl‐CoA precursor pools and by substrate specificity of the enzyme that initiates fatty acid synthesis, 3‐Ketoacyl ACP Synthase III (KASIII). Presence of unusual fatty acids in certain organisms, such as ω‐cyclic or ω‐phenylic fatty acids, suggests that KASIII in such organisms have specificities for unusual acyl‐CoA substrates, such as cyclic or aromatic acyl‐CoAs. In this study, we have biochemically and biophysically characterized unique KASIII enzymes from four diverse bacterial sources, namely C. gingivalis , B. subtilis , T. aquaticus and A. acidocaldarius . From this set, we have identified several KASIIIs that possess novel substrate specificities towards atypical fatty acid synthesis primers, including hydroxylated (3‐hydroxybutyryl‐CoA), unsaturated (crotonyl‐CoA) and aromatic (benzoyl‐CoA) primers. Additionally, we have demonstrated in‐vivo production of ω‐1 hydroxy‐fatty acids in a modified strain of R. rubrum , by recombinantly co‐expressing A. acidocaldarius KASIII which utilizes 3‐hydroxybutyryl‐CoA. Identification of such unique KASIII enzymes introduces the opportunity to synthesize diverse ω‐functionalized fatty acids which can serve as chemical intermediates for production of bio‐based chemicals. Grant Funding Source : NSF