gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Origami Metamaterials for Tunable Thermal Expansion (2017)

Materials with engineered thermal expansion, capable of achieving targeted area/volume changes in response to variations in temperature, are important for a number of aerospace, optical, energy, and microelectronic applications. While most of the proposed structures with engineered coefficient of thermal expansion consist of bi-material 2D or 3D lattices, here it is shown that origami metamaterials also provide a platform for the design of systems with a wide range of thermal expansion coefficients. Experiments and simulations are combined to demonstrate that by tuning the geometrical parameters of the origami structure and the arrangement of plates and creases, an extremely broad range of thermal expansion coefficients can be obtained. Differently from all previously reported systems, the proposed structure is tunable in situ and nonporous.
Does vigorous exercise have a neuroprotective effect in Parkinson disease? (2011)

Parkinson disease (PD) is progressive, with dementia and medication-refractory motor problems common reasons for late-stage nursing-home placement. Increasing evidence suggests that ongoing vigorous exercise/physical fitness may favorably influence this progression. Parkinsonian animal models reveal exercise-related protection from dopaminergic neurotoxins, apparently mediated by brain neurotrophic factors and neuroplasticity (predicted from in vitro studies). Similarly, exercise consistently improves cognition in animals, also linked to enhanced neuroplasticity and increased neurotrophic factor expression. In these animal models, immobilization has the opposite effect. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may mediate at least some of this exercise benefit. In humans, exercise increases serum BDNF, and this is known to cross the blood–brain barrier. PD risk in humans is significantly reduced by midlife exercise, documented in large prospective studies. No studies have addressed whether exercise influences dementia risk in PD, but exercised patients with PD improve cognitive scores. Among seniors in general, exercise or physical fitness has not only been associated with better cognitive scores, but midlife exercise significantly reduces the later risk of both dementia and mild cognitive impairment. Finally, numerous studies in seniors with and without dementia have reported increased cerebral gray matter volumes associated with physical fitness or exercise. These findings have several implications for PD clinicians. 1) Ongoing vigorous exercise and physical fitness should be highly encouraged. 2) PD physical therapy programs should include structured, graduated fitness instruction and guidance for deconditioned patients with PD. 3) Levodopa and other forms of dopamine replenishment therapy should be utilized to achieve the maximum capability and motivation for patients to maintain fitness.
Prediction-guided performance-energy trade-off for interactive applications (2015)

Many modern mobile and desktop applications involve real-time interactions with users. For these interactive applications, tasks must complete in a reasonable amount of time in order to provide a responsive user experience. Conversely, completing a task faster than the limits of human perception does not improve the user experience. Thus, for energy efficiency, tasks should be run just fast enough to meet the response-time requirement instead of wasting energy by running faster. In this paper, we present a predictive DVFS controller that predicts the execution time of a job before it executes in order to appropriately set the DVFS level to just meet user response-time deadlines. Our results show 56% energy savings compared to running tasks at the maximum frequency with almost no deadline misses. This is 27% more energy savings than the default Linux interactive power governor, which also shows 2% deadline misses on average.
Parathyroid hormone concentration in geriatric cats with various degrees of renal function (2012)

Results suggested that renal secondary hyperparathyroidism can develop prior to azotemia in cats, even in the absence of hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia.
A Classifier Based on Accurate Mass Measurements to Aid Large Scale, Unbiased Glycoproteomics (2013)

Determining which glycan moieties occupy specific N-glycosylation sites is a highly challenging analytical task. Arguably, the most common approach involves LC-MS and LC-MS/MS analysis of glycopeptides generated by proteases with high cleavage site specificity; however, the depth achieved by this approach is modest. Nonglycosylated peptides are a major challenge to glycoproteomics, as they are preferentially selected for data-dependent MS/MS due to higher ionization efficiencies and higher stoichiometric levels in moderately complex samples. With the goal of improving glycopeptide coverage, a mass defect classifier was developed that discriminates between peptides and glycopeptides in complex mixtures based on accurate mass measurements of precursor peaks. By using the classifier, glycopeptides that were not fragmented in an initial data-dependent acquisition run may be targeted in a subsequent analysis without any prior knowledge of the glycan or protein species present in the mixture. Additionally, from probable glycopeptides that were poorly fragmented, tandem mass spectra may be reacquired using optimal glycopeptide settings. We demonstrate high sensitivity (0.892) and specificity (0.947) based on an in silico dataset spanning >100,000 tryptic entries. Comparable results were obtained using chymotryptic species. Further validation using published data and a fractionated tryptic digest of human urinary proteins was performed, yielding a sensitivity of 0.90 and a specificity of 0.93. Lists of glycopeptides may be generated from an initial proteomics experiment, and we show they may be efficiently targeted using the classifier. Considering the growing availability of high accuracy mass analyzers, this approach represents a simple and broadly applicable means of increasing the depth of MS/MS-based glycoproteomic analyses.
Breast calcification imaging. (2013)

Breast calcifications are a common mammographic finding, present on 86% of images. Although usually benign, they also can be malignant. Characteristics such as their size, shape, number, distribution pattern, location, density, and other findings help determine their pathology. The American College of Radiology's BI-RADS assessment categories and Appropriateness Criteria guidelines help radiologists and other physicians determine appropriate action when calcifications are discovered. This article reviews breast anatomy, the classification of calcifications, malignant vs benign characteristics, imaging techniques for calcifications, and biopsy procedures.
VerSe: A Vertebrae Labelling and Segmentation Benchmark (2020)

This work is a technical report concerning the Large Scale Vertebrae Segmentation Challenge (VerSe) organised in conjunction with the MICCAI 2019. The challenge set-up consisting of two tasks, vertebrae labelling and vertebrae segmentation, is detailed. A total of 160 multidetector CT scans closely resembling a typical spine-centreed clinical setting were prepared and annotated at voxel-level by a human-machine hybrid algorithm. Both the annotation protocol and the algorithm that aided the medical experts in this annotation process are presented. More importantly, eleven fully automated algorithms of the participating teams were submitted to be benchmarked on the VerSe data. This work presents a detailed performance analysis of these algorithms with the best performing algorithm achieving a vertebrae identification rate of 95% and a Dice coefficient of 90%. VerSe'19 is an open-call challenge and its image data along with the annotations and evaluation tools will continue to be publicly accessible through its online portal.
Coronary Artery-Left Ventricular Fistula (1981)

Coronary artery-left ventricular fistulae are exceedingly rare and to date only 19 cases have been reported in the literature. We describe another four cases which we encountered recently. The first patient was a 10-year-old asymptomatic Indian male who was referred because of a to-and-fro murmur. Haemodynamic and angiographic studies revealed an aneurysmally enlarged right coronary draining into the left ventricle. The fistula was ligated and the patient has remained well over a 21/2-year follow-up period. The second patient was a 13-year-old asymptomatic Chinese female referred also because of a to-and-fro murmur. Haemodynamic and angiographic studies showed a grossly enlarged right coronary artery draining into the left ventricle. This patient refused operation and has remained well over a 2-year follow-up period. The third patient was a 43-year-old Chinese male who presented with a 3-year history of angina pectoris and was admitted to hospital because of crescendo angina. The resting electrocardiogram showed marked ischaemic changes and the treadmill exercise stress test was also positive. Selective coronary angiography showed markedly dilated right and left coronary arteries. Multiple fistulae from the three major coronary arteries were seen to communicate with the left ventricle. It was elected to treat this patient medically with propranolol. He has remained well over a 6-month follow-up period. The fourth patient was a 5-year-old asymptomatic Chinese girl. Cardiac catheterization and selective coronary angiography revealed marked dilatation of the branches of the left coronary artery which communicated via a maize of fine vessels into the left ventricle. This patient has remained well over a 5-year follow-up period. The clinical presentation, investigations and treatment of coronary artery-left ventricular fistula are discussed and the literature regarding this subject is reviewed.
Differential Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging for High-Throughput Bioanalyses (2006)

A new imaging technique for high-throughput surface plasmon resonance (SPR) measurements is described. It is the application of a CCD camera for simultaneous processing of two images at two different wavelengths provided by two laser diodes. The two lasers are brought to resonance by tuning of the angle of incidence so that the detection power and the dynamic range are optimized for the wavelength pair selected. Applying a special differential processing of the two images, SPR measurements can be performed near the shot noise limit taking into account the number of CCD pixels involved. It is shown that the detection limit of imaging methods can be improved significantly if the working point is set near to the reflection minimum instead of choosing the angle with the steepest slope of the reflection curve. The technique is demonstrated by simultaneous measurement of hybridization reactions of three different types of thiolated oligonucleotides in 30 small areas set by a commercial spotter. A noise level of 1.5 x 10(-6) refractive index units (RIU) was obtained for single, 500 x 500 microm2 reaction areas. The noise level was about 6 x 10(-7) RIU when five areas were taken into account. The present arrangement and the particular spotter applied would allow simultaneous measurements of up to 400 binding reactions with a noise level of about 1.5 x 10(-6) RIU.
Highly Diastereoselective Ortho Lithiations of Chiral Oxazoline-Substituted Ferrocenes (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHighly Diastereoselective Ortho Lithiations of Chiral Oxazoline-Substituted FerrocenesTarek Sammakia, Hallie A. Latham, and David R. SchaadCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 1, 10–11Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00106a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00106a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1017Altmetric-Citations206LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Doses of Nicotine and Lung Carcinogens Delivered to Cigarette Smokers (2000)

The FTC protocol underestimates nicotine and carcinogen doses to smokers and overestimates the proportional benefit of low-yield cigarettes. Thus, FTC-based nicotine medication doses prescribed/recommended for smoking cessation may need to be reassessed.
Failure of dideoxynucleosides to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus replication in cultured human macrophages. (1987)

Primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) were shown to have diminished deoxynucleoside kinase activities compared to T lymphoblasts, and a reduced ability to phosphorylate dideoxynucleosides with anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity. These drugs, azidothymidine (AZT), dideoxycytidine (ddC), and dideoxyadenosine (ddA), which are potent anti-HIV agents in CD4 lymphocytes, did not inhibit HIV replication in MDM, even at concentrations of 100 microM. This drug concentration of AZT is approximately 100-fold higher than the levels attained in the serum of treated patients and the levels required to inhibit HIV replication in lymphocytes. These observations may explain the failure of AZT therapy to clear viremia, consistent with the presence of a drug-resistant reservoir of infected cells in vivo. New therapeutic approaches to inhibit the replication of HIV in MDM may be needed.
New guidelines for the management of occupational asthma (2005)

Sherwood Burge discusses the diagnosis and management of occupational asthma in the light of revised guidelines
IMU-838, a Developmental DHODH Inhibitor in Phase II for Autoimmune Disease, Shows Anti-SARS-CoV-2 and Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Efficacy In Vitro (2020)

The ongoing pandemic spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) demands skillful strategies for novel drug development, drug repurposing and cotreatments, in particular focusing on existing candidates of host-directed antivirals (HDAs). The developmental drug IMU-838, currently being investigated in a phase 2b trial in patients suffering from autoimmune diseases, represents an inhibitor of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) with a recently proven antiviral activity in vitro and in vivo. Here, we established an analysis system for assessing the antiviral potency of IMU-838 and DHODH-directed back-up drugs in cultured cell-based infection models. By the use of SARS-CoV-2-specific immunofluorescence, Western blot, in-cell ELISA, viral yield reduction and RT-qPCR methods, we demonstrated the following: (i) IMU-838 and back-ups show anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity at several levels of viral replication, i.e., protein production, double-strand RNA synthesis, and release of infectious virus; (ii) antiviral efficacy in Vero cells was demonstrated in a micromolar range (IMU-838 half-maximal effective concentration, EC<sub>50,</sub> of 7.6 ± 5.8 µM); (iii) anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity was distinct from cytotoxic effects (half-cytotoxic concentration, CC<sub>50,</sub> >100 µM); (iv) the drug in vitro potency was confirmed using several Vero lineages and human cells; (v) combination with remdesivir showed enhanced anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity; (vi) vidofludimus, the active determinant of IMU-838, exerted a broad-spectrum activity against a selection of major human pathogenic viruses. These findings strongly suggest that developmental DHODH inhibitors represent promising candidates for use as anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics.
Adjuvant-enhanced CD4 T Cell Responses are Critical to Durable Vaccine Immunity (2015)

Protein-based vaccines offer a safer alternative to live-attenuated or inactivated vaccines but have limited immunogenicity. The identification of adjuvants that augment immunogenicity, specifically in a manner that is durable and antigen-specific, is therefore critical for advanced development. In this study, we use the filovirus virus-like particle (VLP) as a model protein-based vaccine in order to evaluate the impact of four candidate vaccine adjuvants on enhancing long term protection from Ebola virus challenge. Adjuvants tested include poly-ICLC (Hiltonol), MPLA, CpG 2395, and alhydrogel. We compared and contrasted antibody responses, neutralizing antibody responses, effector T cell responses, and T follicular helper (Tfh) cell frequencies with each adjuvant's impact on durable protection. We demonstrate that in this system, the most effective adjuvant elicits a Th1-skewed antibody response and strong CD4 T cell responses, including an increase in Tfh frequency. Using immune-deficient animals and adoptive transfer of serum and cells from vaccinated animals into naïve animals, we further demonstrate that serum and CD4 T cells play a critical role in conferring protection within effective vaccination regimens. These studies inform on the requirements of long term immune protection, which can potentially be used to guide screening of clinical-grade adjuvants for vaccine clinical development.
On the strengthening of aluminium alloy 6056T6 (1998)

International audience
Object and reference immutability using Java generics (2007)

A compiler-checked immutability guarantee provides useful documentation, facilitates reasoning, and enables optimizations. This paper presents Immutability Generic Java (IGJ), a novel language extension that expresses immutability without changing Java's syntax by building upon Java's generics and annotation mechanisms. In IGJ, each class has one additional type parameter that is Immutable, Mutable, or ReadOnly. IGJ guarantees both reference immutability (only mutable references can mutate an object) and object immutability (an immutable reference points to an immutable object). IGJ is the first proposal for enforcing object immutability within Java's syntax and type system, and its reference immutability is more expressive than previous work. IGJ also permits covariant changes of type parameters in a type-safe manner, e.g., a readonly list of integers is a subtype of a readonly list of numbers. IGJ extends Java's type system with a few simple rules. We formalize this type system and prove it sound. Our IGJ compiler works by type-erasure and generates byte-code that can be executed on any JVM without runtime penalty.
The Molecular Biology Toolbox and Its Use in Basic and Applied Insect Science (2008)

ABSTRACT This overview examines recent progress in the application of molecular tools to the study of insect biology and the development of pest management strategies. The sequencing and annotation of insect genomes, coupled with analyses using comparative genomics, are providing new insights into the molecular underpinnings of insect-specific processes and shedding light on their evolutionary relationships. Researchers investigate the functions of insect genes using indirect approaches such as expression profiling, and direct methods such as insertional mutagenesis and RNA interference. Biotechnological applications to pest management include the development of resistant crops and trees that express insect-specific toxins, the design of microbial agents with enhanced insecticidal potency, and the engineering of insects that can transfer lethal genes to natural populations following their mass release in the field. Comparative genomics analyses also make it possible to identify insect-specific genes that can be targeted for rational insecticide design, using tools such as cell-based, high-throughput screening assays.
Journal Bearing Design Types And Their Applications To Turbomachinery. (1984)

University in 1984.He spent the first three years of his engineering career at Babcock and Wil cox, in Lynchburg, Virginia, where he was responsible for seismic structural design, stress analysis, and rotor dynam ics analysis.He spent two years as a Project Engineer in the Compressor Division of Allis-Chalmers Corporation in Mil waukee, Wisconsin.He was responsible for rotor dynamics analysis of multistage centrifugal compressor and 3-D finite element stress analysis of horizontally-split fabricated casings.Mr. Salamone became Chief Engineer for Centritech Cor poration in Houston, Texas, in 1979.He is a Bearing Designer and Consultant to the utility, petroleum and chemical indus tries
Many-to-Many Voice Conversion with Out-of-Dataset Speaker Support (2019)

We present a Cycle-GAN based many-to-many voice conversion method that can convert between speakers that are not in the training set. This property is enabled through speaker embeddings generated by a neural network that is jointly trained with the Cycle-GAN. In contrast to prior work in this domain, our method enables conversion between an out-of-dataset speaker and a target speaker in either direction and does not require re-training. Out-of-dataset speaker conversion quality is evaluated using an independently trained speaker identification model, and shows good style conversion characteristics for previously unheard speakers. Subjective tests on human listeners show style conversion quality for in-dataset speakers is comparable to the state-of-the-art baseline model.
An improved shooting method for solving minimum-time maneuver problems (1990)

The minimum-time attitude maneuvers of a rigid spacecraft are considered. Generally, the associated nonsingular, nonlinear two-point boundary-value problem, derived by using Pontryagin's Maximum Principle, can be solved through shooting methods to find the switching times for the bang-bang control. However, a good initial guess for the missing initial costates is important because the convergence range of the initial costates is very narrow, especially when a multi-bang-bang control strategy is needed. This paper proposes a numerical approach to generate the initial costates so that they are very close to the converged values. The initial costates are first generated by using a recently developed quasi-linearization technique for the near-minimum-time problem and then reduced in magnitude, through some properly designed scales, before the shooting method is used. Numerical examples indicate the closeness of the results from these two techniques (quasi-linearization and shooting).
An AP-MS- and BioID-compatible MAC-tag enables comprehensive mapping of protein interactions and subcellular localizations (2018)

Protein-protein interactions govern almost all cellular functions. These complex networks of stable and transient associations can be mapped by affinity purification mass spectrometry (AP-MS) and complementary proximity-based labeling methods such as BioID. To exploit the advantages of both strategies, we here design and optimize an integrated approach combining AP-MS and BioID in a single construct, which we term MAC-tag. We systematically apply the MAC-tag approach to 18 subcellular and 3 sub-organelle localization markers, generating a molecular context database, which can be used to define a protein's molecular location. In addition, we show that combining the AP-MS and BioID results makes it possible to obtain interaction distances within a protein complex. Taken together, our integrated strategy enables the comprehensive mapping of the physical and functional interactions of proteins, defining their molecular context and improving our understanding of the cellular interactome.