gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient Algorithms for Computation of the Burstiness Curve of Video Sources (2004)

The burstiness of a video source can be characterized by its burstiness curve. The burstiness curve is useful in the optimal allocation of resources to satisfy a desired quality of service for the video stream in a packet network. In this paper, we present deterministic algorithms for exact computation of the burstiness curve of a video source, for both elementary video streams and MPEG-2 Transport Streams. The algorithms exploit the piecewise linearity of the burstiness curve and compute only the points at which the slope of the burstiness curve changes. We also present approximate versions of these algorithms, which save computational effort by considering only a small number of candidate points at which the slope of the burstiness curve may change. The approximate algorithm was able to compute the burstiness curve of a 2-h long elementary video stream in approximately 10 s, as compared to over 6 h for the exact algorithm, with virtually no loss of accuracy in the computation. The efficiency of the proposed algorithms makes them suitable for quality-of-service (QoS) provisioning not only in off-line environments such as in video-on-demand (VoD) servers, but also in real-time applications such as in live TV distribution systems.
SENSE shimming (SSH): A fast approach for determining <i>B</i><sub>0</sub> field inhomogeneities using sensitivity coding (2009)

The pursuit of ever higher field strengths and faster data acquisitions has led to the construction of coil arrays with high numbers of elements. With the sensitivity encoding (SENSE) technique, it has been shown that the sensitivity of those elements can be used for spatial image encoding. Here, a proof-of-principle is presented of a method that can be considered an extreme case of the SENSE approach, completely abstaining from using encoding gradients. The resulting sensitivity encoded free-induction decay (FID) data are then not used for imaging, but for determining B(0) field inhomogeneity distribution. The method has therefore been termed "SENSE shimming" (SSH). In phantom experiments the method's ability to detect inhomogeneities of up to the second order is demonstrated.
Adaptive cancellation of acoustic echoes during double-talk based on an information theoretic criteria (2009)

This paper casts the problem of canceling acoustic echoes during a double-talk event as a blind signal separation problem. Principles of independent component analysis are applied to derive algorithms for updating the echo cancellation filter during double-talk, and the near-end signal is separated out from the microphone signal. This approach simplifies the the structure of acoustic echo cancelers by avoiding the need for double-talk detection. The same updating algorithm is applied under all conditions. The proposed approach is compared with existing methods on live data recorded on a speaker phone.
N-Glycans of Phaeodactylum tricornutum Diatom and Functional Characterization of Its N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase I Enzyme (2010)

N-glycosylation, a major co- and post-translational event in the synthesis of proteins in eukaryotes, is unknown in aquatic photosynthetic microalgae. In this paper, we describe the N-glycosylation pathway in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Bio-informatic analysis of its genome revealed the presence of a complete set of sequences potentially encoding for proteins involved in the synthesis of the lipid-linked Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2)-PP-dolichol N-glycan, some subunits of the oligosaccharyltransferase complex, as well as endoplasmic reticulum glucosidases and chaperones required for protein quality control and, finally, the α-mannosidase I involved in the trimming of the N-glycan precursor into Man-5 N-glycan. Moreover, one N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I, a Golgi glycosyltransferase that initiates the synthesis of complex type N-glycans, was predicted in the P. tricornutum genome. We demonstrated that this gene encodes for an active N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I, which is able to restore complex type N-glycans maturation in the Chinese hamster ovary Lec1 mutant, defective in its endogeneous N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I. Consistent with these data, the structural analyses of N-linked glycans demonstrated that P. tricornutum proteins carry mainly high mannose type N-glycans ranging from Man-5 to Man-9. Although representing a minor glycan population, paucimannose N-glycans were also detected, suggesting the occurrence of an N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I-dependent maturation of N-glycans in this diatom.
Diagnostic effectiveness in computer systems using deterministic random ESD (2002)

A new criterion for electrostatic discharge (ESD) testing was recently developed where qualification effectiveness for a given apparatus is shown to be a function of the coverage obtained through ESD event coincidence with the diagnostic software/hardware in use. The authors show the effectiveness of ESD testing on a large-scale computer system undergoing testing in a typical manufacturing environment using both the present, industry accepted, deterministic ESD unit and an ESD unit based upon the recently established criterion. In addition, they provide guidelines for maximizing error detection and fault isolation as a function of ESD events and diagnostic software coverage. They further provide results showing the fallacy of assuming that a deterministic ESD unit will eventually cover every segment of a similarly deterministic diagnostic routine given unconstrained runtime. They also show the attainment of 100% diagnostic coverage in all cases based upon a 0.9 confidence using a randomly exercised ESD unit.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Control of untethered magnetically actuated tools using a rotating permanent magnet in any position (2012)

It has been shown that when a magnetic dipole, such as a permanent magnet, is rotated around a fixed axis such that the dipole is perpendicular to the axis of rotation, the magnetic field vector at every point in space also rotates around a fixed axis. In this paper, we reformulate this phenomenon using linear algebraic techniques, which enables us to find the necessary dipole rotation axis to make the magnetic field at any desired point in space rotate about any desired axis. To date, untethered magnetically actuated tools (e.g., capsule endoscopes, rolling spheres, and helical-propeller microswimmers) controlled with a single rotating permanent magnet have been constrained to operate in positions where the rotating field behavior is simple and easy to visualize. We experimentally demonstrate that the results of this paper can be used to control a variety of untethered, rotating magnetic devices in any position even while the rotating permanent magnet follows trajectories independent of the devices themselves. This method constitutes a substantial step toward making a great deal of prior laboratory research regarding rotating magnetic microrobots and capsule endoscopes clinically feasible.
The Concord algorithm for synchronization of networked multimedia streams (2002)

Synchronizing different data streams from multiple sources simultaneously at a receiver is one of the basic problems involved in multimedia distributed systems. This requirement stems from the nature of packet based networks which can introduce end-to-end delays that vary both within and across streams. We present a new algorithm called Concord, which provides an integrated solution for these single and multiple stream synchronization problems. It is notable because it defines a single framework to deal with both problems, and operates under the influence of parameters which can be supplied by the application involved. In particular these parameters are used to allow a trade-off between the packet loss rates, total end-to-end delay and skew for each of the streams. For applications like conferencing this is used to reduce delay by determining the minimum buffer delay/size required.
Structural characterization of TLRs with novel agonists (2017)

Abstract Small molecule TLR4 and TLR2 agonists have been reported, but no structural data reveals their activation mechanism and detailed interactions with the TLRs. We have developed two small molecule agonists, Neoseptin-3 and Diprovocim, that activate TLR4/MD-2 and TLR1/TLR2 complexes, respectively, with exquisitely specific structure activity relationships. These two molecules bear no structural similarity to the natural ligands, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tri-acylated lipopeptide (Pam3CSK4). The crystal structures of Neoseptin-3 in complex with mouse TLR4/MD-2 and Diprovocim in complex with human TLR2 provide the first glimpse of how these TLRs bind to unconventional agonists, revealing unique and unexpected binding modes. Neoseptin-3 binds as an asymmetrical dimer within the hydrophobic pocket of MD-2, and induces an active receptor complex (a dimer of TLR4/MD-2) similar to that induced by lipid A. However, Neoseptin-3 and lipid A form different molecular contacts with TLR4/MD-2 to achieve receptor activation. Diprovocim forms a symmetrical dimer and interacts with the same hydrophobic pocket of TLR2 as Pam3CSK4, inducing homodimerization of TLR2 that has a different conformation than the active TLR1/TLR2 heterodimer. Diprovocim binds to TLR2 through an extensive intermolecular hydrogen bonding network that is not observed in the Pam3CSK4/TLR2/TLR1 structure. These two structures are now guiding us in optimization of TLR4/MD-2 and TLR1/TLR2 agonists and antagonists for clinical applications.
T cells from tumor-immune mice nonspecifically expanded in vitro with anti-CD3 plus IL-2 retain specific function in vitro and can eradicate disseminated leukemia in vivo (1991)

The therapeutic efficacy of adoptive immunotherapy of cancer has been shown to positively correlate with the dose of tumor-immune T cells transferred. Therefore, the success of this therapy is critically dependent on the ability to procure large numbers of functionally active T cells. Previous studies in animal models have shown that the limited therapeutic efficacy of a small number of immune T cells can be greatly enhanced by expansion of T cells in vitro to greater numbers before transfer in vivo. Optimal regimens for T cell expansion in vitro have generally employed the use of intermittent stimulation of the TCR with specific Ag followed by exogenous IL-2. The use of IL-2 alone does not provide for requisite episodic up-regulation of IL-2R. Stimulation of the invariant CD3 portion of the TCR/CD3 complex with antibody to CD3 (anti-CD3) represents an alternative method of up-regulating IL-2R and has been used to nonspecifically induce the growth of Ag-specific T cell lines and clones long-term in vitro with maintenance of function and specificity. The current study examined whether resting T cell populations containing small numbers of memory tumor-specific T cells could be rendered more effective in tumor therapy by nonspecific expansion in vitro with anti-CD3 plus IL-2. Spleens from C57BL/6 mice previously immunized to FBL-3, a syngeneic virus-induced leukemia, were nonspecifically stimulated with anti-CD3 plus IL-2. The resultant T cells were expanded in number, were nonlytic to FBL-3 but retained the ability to become lytic upon specific stimulation by FBL-3, and were effective in specific tumor therapy. The Ag-specific anti-tumor immune function declined on a per cell basis after each cycle of anti-CD3-induced T cell expansion. However, the approach resulted in a substantial increase in total T cell number and an overall net increase in the function of the effector T cell population. Thus, stimulation of tumor-immune T cell populations with anti-CD3 plus IL-2 represents a nonspecific method for expanding the number of specific effector T cells for cancer therapy.
Preparation of Soy Protein Concentrate by Ultrafiltration (2001)

Plasma level of sRAGE may be positively associated with ISR and RAGE-dependent inflammatory responses may contribute more to ISR development than IGF-1-dependent proliferative responses in patients with T2D with DES implantation.
Functional InP/InGaAs lateral double barrier heterostructure resonant tunneling diodes by using etch and regrowth (1996)

A planar integrated lateral double barrier heterostructure resonant tunneling diode is demonstrated. Resonances in the current–voltage (I–V) characteristics are observed that have peak-to-valley current ratios as high as 3.5 at 4.2 K and are attributed to resonant tunneling in a two-dimensional/one-dimensional/two-dimensional system. The device structure consists of a lateral double barrier heterostructure embedded in an InP/InGaAs/InP modulation-doped field-effect transistor structure. The lateral heterostructure uses InP barriers and an InGaAs quantum well fabricated by epitaxial etch and regrowth techniques. This device and fabrication process forms the basis for lateral resonant tunneling transistors.
Towards x-ray differential phase contrast imaging on a compact setup (2011)

A new imaging setup, aimed to perform differential X-ray phase contrast (DPC) imaging with a Talbot interferometer on a microfocus X-ray tube, is demonstrated. The main features compared to recently proposed setups are an extremely short source to detector distance, high spatial resolution and a large field of view. The setup is designed for an immediate integration into a industrial micro CT scanner. In this paper, technical challenges of a compact setup, namely the critical source coherence and divergence, are discussed. A theoretical analysis using wave optics based computer simulations is performed to estimate the DPC signal visibility and the size of the field of view for a given setup geometry. The maximization of the signal visibility as a function of the inter-grating distance yields the optimal grating parameters. Imaging results using the optimized grating parameters are presented. The reduction of the field of view, being a consequence of the high beam divergence, was solved by fabricating new, cylindrically bent diffraction gratings. The fabrication process of these gratings required a change of the currently used wafer materials and an adaption of the manufacturing techniques. The implementation of the new setup represents a major step forward for the industrial application of the DPC technique.
Low-Fidelity Fabrication (2015)

Low-fidelity fabrication systems speed up rapid prototyping by printing intermediate versions of a prototype as fast, low-fidelity previews. Only the final version is fabricated as a full high-fidelity 3D print. This allows designers to iterate more quickly-achieving a better design in less time. Depending on what is currently being tested, low-fidelity fabrication is implemented in different ways: (1) faBrickator allows for a modular approach by substituting sub-volumes of the 3D model with building blocks. (2) WirePrint allows for quickly testing the shape of an object, such as the ergonomic fit, by printing wireframe structures. (3) Platener preserves the technical function by substituting 3D print with laser-cut plates of the same size and thickness. At our CHI'15 interactivity booth, we give a combined live demo of all three low-fidelity fabrication systems-putting special focus on our new low-fidelity fabrication system Platener (paper at CHI'15).
Solution Processed Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light Emitting Diodes Using a Phosphine Oxide Host Material (2010)

Solution processed high efficiency blue phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes were developed using a phosphine oxide derivative (SPPO1) as a host material. The SPPO1 was mixed with a polyvinylcarbazole (PVK), and the optimization of the device gave a high efficiency of 11.9 cd/A at . The reduction in the aggregation of the dopant, a smooth surface morphology, and improved charge balance were responsible for the high efficiency in the PVK:SPPO1 mixed host device.
Template matching analysis of unipolar and bipolar electrograms in the differentiation of ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation from sinus rhythm (2003)

The failure of automated morphologic detection of ventricular tachycardia (VT) or fibrillation (VF) is a limitation of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. As an adjunct to rate-based criteria, this study evaluated the use of waveform analysis of intracardiac electrograms with correlation waveform analysis (CWA). Using digital signal processing, unipolar and bipolar electrograms were evaluated in sinus rhythm (SR), VT, and VF at 1-500 Hz and 10-80 Hz in 15 patients. There was complete differentiation of SR from VF in 13/15 patients and VT in 14/15 with unipolar and 14/15 patients with bipolar electrograms at 1-500 Hz; at 10-80 Hz SR was differentiated from VF in 12/15 patients and VT in 13/15 with unipolar and from VF in 14/15 patients and VT in 13/15 with bipolar electrograms. It is concluded that differentiation of intracardiac waveforms by CWA is independent of electrode configuration and is not significantly altered by moderate signal filtering.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Microvascular and mitochondrial PO<sub>2</sub> simultaneously measured by oxygen‐dependent delayed luminescence (2011)

Measurement of tissue oxygenation is a complex task and various techniques have led to a wide range of tissue PO(2) values and contradictory results. Tissue is compartmentalized in microcirculation, interstitium and intracellular space and current techniques are biased towards a certain compartment. Simultaneous oxygen measurements in various compartments might be of great benefit for our understanding of determinants of tissue oxygenation. Here we report simultaneous measurement of microvascular PO(2) (μPO(2) ) and mitochondrial PO(2) (mitoPO(2) ) in rats. The μPO(2) measurements are based on oxygen-dependent quenching of phosphorescence of the near-infrared phosphor Oxyphor G2. The mitoPO(2) measurements are based on oxygen-dependent quenching of delayed fluorescence of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). Favorable spectral properties of these porphyrins allow simultaneous measurement of the delayed luminescence lifetimes. A dedicated fiber-based time-domain setup consisting of a tunable pulsed laser, 2 red-sensitive gated photomultiplier tubes and a simultaneous sampling data-acquisition system is described in detail. The absence of cross talk between the channels is shown and the feasibility of simultaneous μPO(2) and mitoPO(2) measurements is demonstrated in rat liver in vivo. It is anticipated that this novel approach will greatly contribute to our understanding of tissue oxygenation in physiological and pathological circumstances.
The Histone Deacetylase 9 Gene Encodes Multiple Protein Isoforms (2003)

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) perform an important function in transcriptional regulation by modifying the core histones of the nucleosome. We have now fully characterized a new member of the Class II HDAC family, HDAC9. The enzyme contains a conserved deacetylase domain, represses reporter activity when recruited to a promoter, and utilizes histones H3 and H4 as substrates in vitro and in vivo. HDAC9 is expressed in a tissue-specific pattern that partially overlaps that of HDAC4. Within the human hematopoietic system, expression of HDAC9 is biased toward cells of monocytic and lymphoid lineages. The HDAC9 gene encodes multiple protein isoforms, some of which display distinct cellular localization patterns. For example, full-length HDAC9 is localized in the nucleus, but the isoform lacking the region encoded by exon 7 is in the cytoplasm. HDAC9 interacts and co-localizes in vivo with a number of transcriptional repressors and co-repressors, including TEL and N-CoR, whose functions have been implicated in the pathogenesis of hematological malignancies. These results suggest that HDAC9 plays a role in hematopoiesis; its deregulated expression may be associated with some human cancers.
Broadly tunable high repetition rate femtosecond optical parametric oscillator (1989)

We report a new source of femtosecond light pulses which is broadly tunable in the infrared. A singly resonant optical parametric oscillator based on a thin crystal of KTiOPO4 is pumped by intracavity femtosecond pulses at 620 nm from a standard colliding-pulse passively mode-locked dye laser. Oscillation results in stable, continuous outputs of femtosecond pulses at 108 Hz repetition rate and milliwatt average power levels in both signal and idler beams. Here we demonstrate tuning from 820 to 920 nm and 1.90 to 2.54 μm with a single set of mirrors. With multiple sets of mirrors, continuously tunable outputs from ∼0.72 to ∼4.5 μm should be possible, making this a uniquely versatile femtosecond laser source.
ChemInform Abstract: Poly(2,7‐carbazole)s: Structure—Property Relationships (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Novel Ultra Wide-Range Frequency Offset Estimation for Digital Coherent Optical Receiver (2010)

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel, dual-stage frequency offset estimator and achieve the widest range of ±0.5 times the system symbol rate for the first time in a 42.8-Gbit/s coherent PolMux QPSK receiver.
Parametrically controlled, stochastically seeded clustered halftones (2011)

We present a stochastically seeded halftoning method with parametric control of dot shapes as well as seed placement
adaption to local image structure. While the literature on other randomly structured screens (blue noise, green noise,
FM) is quite extensive, there is very little discussion on optimization of dot shape for robustness or preferred tile
appearance. The halftoning method that we introduce defines dot centers as seeds that are placed, typically in a random
high spatial frequency configuration. Spot functions are defined about these randomly placed seeds, where the spot
function allows control of dot cluster growth, touch points, cluster angle, and eccentricity. The spot function can also be
applied to regular and irregular polygonal halftone tiling. The seed adaption aspect of the halftoning method allows for
better edge rendition than conventional isotropic methods.
Phase-modulation transmission system for quantum cryptography (1999)

We describe a new method for quantum key distribution that utilizes phase modulation of sidebands of modulation by use of integrated electro-optic modulators at the transmitting and receiving modules. The system is shown to produce constructive or destructive interference with unity visibility, which should allow quantum cryptography to be carried out with high flexibility by use of conventional devices.
Efficient and Stable Transduction of Cardiomyocytes After Intramyocardial Injection or Intracoronary Perfusion With Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Vectors (1999)

Direct intramyocardial injection or coronary artery perfusion with rAAV vectors can be used to program stable transgene expression in cardiomyocytes in vivo. rAAV appears to represent a useful vector for the delivery of therapeutic genes to the myocardium.