gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Constraining queuing delay in WDM rings based on multi-token access protocol under asymmetrical traffic (2010)

WDM optical packet rings are a promising candidate for next generation metropolitan area networks (MAN), which are expected to support an increasing amount of traffic coming from a variety of applications and services (e.g., video on demand, video broadcasting, IP telephony). In this paper, we focus on multi-token WDM rings, where for each wavelength channel a special control packet, i.e., the token, rotates along the ring controlling the access to the medium. A parameter, called Target Token Interarrival Time (TTIT), is used to control the token holding time at each node. We show that multi-token WDM rings suffer from long queuing delays when loaded with highly asymmetrical traffic, typical e.g. of video applications. Two schemes are then proposed to constrain the queuing delay in multi-token WDM rings. Firstly, a queue management technique is adopted, where each queued packet is assigned to a token (i.e., to a wavelength channel) only at transmission time, beneficial when multiple tokens are simultaneously held at a node. Secondly, we propose to adapt TTIT to traffic characteristics, by setting specific values to each token in every node. By means of simulations on a 11-node 16-wavelength ring loaded with highly asymmetrical traffic, we show that a significant reduction in average and maximum queuing delay can be attained.
Keratin 17 Is a Novel Cytologic Biomarker for Urothelial Carcinoma Diagnosis (2021)

K17 ICC is a highly sensitive diagnostic test for initial screening and detection of recurrence across all grades of UC.
Terahertz radar cross section measurements (2010)

We perform angle- and frequency-resolved radar cross section (RCS) measurements on objects at terahertz frequencies. Our RCS measurements are performed on a scale model aircraft of size 5-10 cm in polar and azimuthal configurations, and correspond closely to RCS measurements with conventional radar on full-size objects. The measurements are performed in a terahertz time-domain system with freely propagating terahertz pulses generated by tilted pulse front excitation of lithium niobate crystals and measured with sub-picosecond time resolution. The application of a time domain system provides ranging information and also allows for identification of scattering points such as weaponry attached to the aircraft. The shapes of the models and positions of reflecting parts are retrieved by the filtered back projection algorithm.
Enhanced Activity of Heterogeneous Pd(II) Catalysts on Acid-Functionalized Metal–Organic Frameworks (2019)

Single-site heterogeneous catalysts (SSHCs) play important roles in fundamental science and technology, owing to the molecular level control of structure–support interactions that is possible in these systems. Recently, SSHCs supported by acidic oxides have attracted particular interest because catalytically active metal centers can be formed at the surface sites. Here, we incorporated a palladium SSHC in phosphated and sulfated metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), hafnium-based MOF-808 (Hf-MOF-808-PO4 and Hf-MOF-808-SO4). The structural and electronic properties of the Pd(II) sites coordinated to the acidic sites in these MOFs were investigated through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, vibrational spectroscopy, X-ray crystallographic techniques, catalytic studies, and quantum mechanical electronic structure calculations employing density functional theory. We demonstrated that the presence of node-bound acidic functional groups stabilizes the Pd(II) site in these MOFs, resulting in enhanced catalytic activities (compared to in the nonacid functionalized Hf-MOF-808) in the oxidative Heck reaction where Pd(II) is the active species. The density functional calculations support the interpretation that the acid functionalization of the MOF node can stabilize the Pd(0) intermediate state during the catalytic reactions, thereby suppressing Pd(0) aggregation leading to catalyst deactivation. These findings offer insights and methodology for the catalytic investigation of SSHCs in MOFs.
Novel Hexapeptide Interacts with Tubulin and Microtubules, Inhibits Aβ Fibrillation, and Shows Significant Neuroprotection (2015)

Herein, we report a novel hexapeptide, derived from activity dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP), that spontaneously self-assembles to form antiparallel β-sheet structure and produces nanovesicles under physiological conditions. This peptide not only strongly binds with β-tubulin in the taxol binding site but also binds with the microtubule lattice in vitro as well as in intracellular microtubule networks. Interestingly, it shows inhibition of amyloid fibril formation upon co-incubation with Aβ peptide following an interesting mechanistic pathway and excellent neuroprotection in PC12 cells treated with anti-nerve growth factor (NGF). The potential of this hexapeptide opens up a new paradigm in design and development of novel therapeutics for AD.
A novel method for the isolation of extracellular vesicles and RNA from urine (2017)

Abstract non disponibile
Automated Single-Slide Staining Device (1975)

An automated single-slide staining device is described. Smears gram stained by the automatic device were equal in quality to the manual method.
Neurotoxin-induced degeneration of dopamine neurons in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (2002)

Parkinson's disease is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the death of brain dopamine neurons. In mammals, dopamine neuronal degeneration can be triggered through exposure to neurotoxins accumulated by the presynaptic dopamine transporter (DAT), including 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium. We have established a system for the pharmacological and genetic evaluation of neurotoxin-induced dopamine neuronal death in Caenorhabditis elegans. Brief (1 h) exposure of green fluorescent protein-tagged, living worms to 6-OHDA causes selective degeneration of dopamine neurons. We demonstrate that agents that interfere with DAT function protect against 6-OHDA toxicity. 6-OHDA-triggered neural degeneration does not require the CED-3/CED-4 cell death pathway, but is abolished by the genetic disruption of the C. elegans DAT.
Accurate human microsatellite genotypes from high-throughput resequencing data using informed error profiles (2012)

Repetitive sequences are biologically and clinically important because they can influence traits and disease, but repeats are challenging to analyse using short-read sequencing technology. We present a tool for genotyping microsatellite repeats called RepeatSeq, which uses Bayesian model selection guided by an empirically derived error model that incorporates sequence and read properties. Next, we apply RepeatSeq to high-coverage genomes from the 1000 Genomes Project to evaluate performance and accuracy. The software uses common formats, such as VCF, for compatibility with existing genome analysis pipelines. Source code and binaries are available at http://github.com/adaptivegenome/repeatseq.
<title>Trimodal spectroscopy as a tool for detecting cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions in vivo</title> (2001)

Using intrinsic fluorescence, diffuse reflectance and light scattering spectroscopy we extracted quantitative biochemical and morphological information in vivo about the bulk tissue and the epithelial cell nuclei of ectocervical sites from 44 patients. Significant changes were observed in tissue morphology and biochemistry between normal, squamous metaplastic and squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) sites. The combined use of all three spectroscopic techniques (tri-modal spectroscopy) yielded superior results for detecting SILs than any one of the techniques alone.
Photonic control of phased arrays using analog vector modulation (2002)

A compact free-space/solid optics photonic controller for phased array antennas/transducers is introduced that uses the principle of in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) vector modulation via two dimensional (2-D) spatial light modulators (SLMs). The SLMs are used as distributed optical gain control devices to implement the vector modulation operation required to generate the desired radio frequency (RF) signals with the correct phase and amplitude values. In one design, the system is fed by four independent lasers where one pair of lasers is mutually incoherent with the other pair of lasers. These lasers are modulated (directly or externally) by separate forms (different phase shifts: 0, 90, 180, 270 degrees) of the input RF carrier. Depending on the phase and amplitude of the carrier required for the nth antenna/transducer element, two predetermined laser beams from the nth pixel locations of two of the preselected SLMs are optically combined in intensity via a photosensor to generate the desired RF signal. In a similar fashion, the system can provide independent control for all N elements of the phased array.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses with Nitriles. Part 80. Dicyanomethylenepyrazolinones and Their Chromophoric Properties. (1989)

Abstract The pyrazolinones (I) react with the title compound (II) to yield the deeply colored dicyanomethylene derivatives (III).
Whole-body ring-shaped confocal photoacoustic computed tomography of small animals in vivo (2012)

We report a novel small-animal whole-body imaging system called ring-shaped confocal photoacoustic computed tomography (RC-PACT). RC-PACT is based on a confocal design of free-space ring-shaped light illumination and 512-element full-ring ultrasonic array signal detection. The free-space light illumination maximizes the light delivery efficiency, and the full-ring signal detection ensures a full two-dimensional view aperture for accurate image reconstruction. Using cylindrically focused array elements, RC-PACT can image a thin cross section with 0.10 to 0.25 mm in-plane resolutions and 1.6 s/frame acquisition time. By translating the mouse along the elevational direction, RC-PACT provides a series of cross-sectional images of the brain, liver, kidneys, and bladder.
Assessment of Pulmonary Flow Using Impedance Pneumography (2010)

There is a lack of noninvasive pulmonary function measurement techniques suitable for continuous long-term measurement of tidal breathing in mobile subjects, although tidal breathing analysis has been shown to contain information that relates to the level airway obstruction. This paper is the first to assess the suitability of impedance pneumography (IP) for measurement of continuous pulmonary flow and volume signals instead of only the respiration rate (RR) or tidal volume ( V(T)). We measured pneumotachograph (PNT) and IP signals simultaneously from 20 healthy male subjects in erect, dorsal supine, and lateral supine positions while voluntarily varying V(T). IP was measured using five different impedance lead configurations with electrodes integrated into a textile chest belt. The IP signals were compared with PNT signals to assess agreement of IP with a more well-established measurement method. The pulmonary flow signal waveform agreement was assessed with standard error of measurement (SEM) between the time-differentiated IP signal and the PNT signal as rho = 1-SEM. Additionally, we assessed the agreement of IP and PNT in V(T) estimation and the magnitude of the cardiogenic oscillation present in the impedance signal. The agreement in the pulmonary flow signal waveform shapes was found excellent at all tidal volumes and postures (mean rho > 0.90). The agreement between the PNT-derived and the IP-derived V(T) estimates was very high when IP values were calibrated per subject and posture (mean difference < 3%). The main source of error in visual inspection of the IP signal was the cardiogenic distortion. From the five novel electrode configurations tested, the lateral ones were found clearly better than the anteroposterior ones. IP potentially enables the development of a noninvasive ambulatory measurement device for long-term studies of certain tidal breathing parameters in mobile subjects.
Deep Learning in Memristive Nanowire Networks (2020)

Analog crossbar architectures for accelerating neural network training and inference have made tremendous progress over the past several years. These architectures are ideal for dense layers with fewer than roughly a thousand neurons. However, for large sparse layers, crossbar architectures are highly inefficient. A new hardware architecture, dubbed the MN3 (Memristive Nanowire Neural Network), was recently described as an efficient architecture for simulating very wide, sparse neural network layers, on the order of millions of neurons per layer. The MN3 utilizes a high-density memristive nanowire mesh to efficiently connect large numbers of silicon neurons with modifiable weights. Here, in order to explore the MN3's ability to function as a deep neural network, we describe one algorithm for training deep MN3 models and benchmark simulations of the architecture on two deep learning tasks. We utilize a simple piecewise linear memristor model, since we seek to demonstrate that training is, in principle, possible for randomized nanowire architectures. In future work, we intend on utilizing more realistic memristor models, and we will adapt the presented algorithm appropriately. We show that the MN3 is capable of performing composition, gradient propagation, and weight updates, which together allow it to function as a deep neural network. We show that a simulated multilayer perceptron (MLP), built from MN3 networks, can obtain a 1.61% error rate on the popular MNIST dataset, comparable to equivalently sized software-based network. This work represents, to the authors' knowledge, the first randomized nanowire architecture capable of reproducing the backpropagation algorithm.
Unbundling Transaction Services in the Cloud (2009)

The traditional architecture for a DBMS engine has the recovery, concurrency control and access method code tightly bound together in a storage engine for records. We propose a different approach, where the storage engine is factored into two layers (each of which might have multiple heterogeneous instances). A Transactional Component (TC) works at a logical level only: it knows about transactions and their "logical" concurrency control and undo/redo recovery, but it does not know about page layout, B-trees etc. A Data Component (DC) knows about the physical storage structure. It supports a record oriented interface that provides atomic operations, but it does not know about transactions. Providing atomic record operations may itself involve DC-local concurrency control and recovery, which can be implemented using system transactions. The interaction of the mechanisms in TC and DC leads to multi-level redo (unlike the repeat history paradigm for redo in integrated engines). This refactoring of the system architecture could allow easier deployment of application-specific physical structures and may also be helpful to exploit multi-core hardware. Particularly promising is its potential to enable flexible transactions in cloud database deployments. We describe the necessary principles for unbundled recovery, and discuss implementation issues.
Decrease of the Immunophilin FKBP52 Accumulation in Human Brains of Alzheimer's Disease and FTDP-17 (2012)

Human neurodegenerative diseases characterized by abnormal intraneuronal inclusions of the tau protein, or "tauopathies", include Alzheimer's disease (AD), Pick's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration as well as fronto-temporal dementia and Parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17). Several abnormalities of tau may contribute to the pathological processes, yet the mechanisms involved in tau cellular toxicity remain unclear. Previously, we demonstrated an interaction between various isoforms of tau and the immunophilin FKBP52 (FK506-Binding Protein), suggesting a direct involvement of FKBP52 in tau function. Here we analyze the expression of FKBP52 in human brains of patients with different tauopathies, including AD. Immunohistofluorescence studies carried out on cerebral cortex in different tauopathies reveal that FKBP52 is not sequestered by filamentous tau inclusions while FKBP52 is colocalized with tau in the control case brains. We found that FKBP52 expression level is abnormally low in frontal cortex of AD and FTDP-17 brains, as compared to controls, despite no alteration in the FKBP52 mRNA expression level. The possible involvement of FKBP52 in pathological tau expression/function is discussed.
Selective targeting of mutant adenomatous polyposis coli ( <i>APC</i> ) in colorectal cancer (2016)

Mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene are common in colorectal cancer (CRC), and more than 90% of those mutations generate stable truncated gene products. We describe a chemical screen using normal human colonic epithelial cells (HCECs) and a series of oncogenically progressed HCECs containing a truncated APC protein. With this screen, we identified a small molecule, TASIN-1 (truncated APC selective inhibitor-1), that specifically kills cells with APC truncations but spares normal and cancer cells with wild-type APC. TASIN-1 exerts its cytotoxic effects through inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis. In vivo administration of TASIN-1 inhibits tumor growth of CRC cells with truncated APC but not APC wild-type CRC cells in xenograft models and in a genetically engineered CRC mouse model with minimal toxicity. TASIN-1 represents a potential therapeutic strategy for prevention and intervention in CRC with mutant APC.
A hardware algorithm for computing reciprocal square root (2002)

A hardware algorithm for computing the reciprocal square root which appears frequently in multimedia and graphics applications is proposed. The reciprocal square root is computed by iteration of carry-propagation-free additions, shifts, and multiplications by one digit. Different specific versions of the algorithm are possible, depending on the radix, the redundancy factor of the digit set, etc. Each version of the algorithm can be implemented as a sequential (folded) circuit or a combinational (unfolded) circuit, which has a regular array structure suitable for VLSI.
Thermochemical Ablation: A Device for a Novel Interventional Concept (2012)

Solid focal and oligometastatic malignancies are appropriate targets for minimally invasive ablative procedures. Thermochemical ablation is an experimental minimally invasive procedure, which exploits certain features of current thermal and chemical tumor ablation therapies. Engineering principles have been used to design a device, which has been research-proven-capable of coagulating tissue through the combination of a thermal and chemical insult. This interventional device completes this assignment by separately guiding the flow of chemical reagents, drawn from auxiliary systems, to a point at the distal tip of an assembled apparatus. At this position, the respective flow-streams converge and undergo an exothermic reaction to produce a heated, hyperosmolar solute, which serves to ablate the targeted tissue. Ex and in vivo studies have confirmed the utility of this device and the physiologic toleration of this interventional concept.
Quorum Sensing in Bacterial Species that Use Degenerate Autoinducers Can Be Tuned by Using Structurally Identical Non‐native Ligands (2010)

Many bacteria use quorum sensing (QS) to regulate cell-density dependent phenotypes that play critical roles in the maintenance of their associations with eukaryotic hosts. In Gram-negative bacteria, QS is primarily controlled by N-acylated L-homoserine lactone (AHL) signals and their cognate LuxR-type receptors. AHL-LuxR-type receptor binding regulates the expression of target genes necessary for QS phenotypes. We recently identified a series of non-native AHLs capable of intercepting AHL-LuxR binding in the marine symbiont Vibrio fischeri, and thereby strongly promoting or inhibiting QS in this organism. V. fischeri utilizes N-(3-oxo)-hexanoyl L-HL (OHHL) as its primary QS signal, and OHHL is also used by several other bacterial species for QS. Such signal degeneracy is common among bacteria, and we sought to determine if our non-native LuxR agonists and antagonists, which are active in V. fischeri, would also modulate QS phenotypes in other bacteria that use OHHL. Herein, we report investigations into the activity of a set of synthetic LuxR modulators in the plant pathogen Pectobacterium carotovora subsp. carotovora Ecc71. This pathogen uses OHHL and two closely related LuxR-type receptors, ExpR1 and ExpR2, to control virulence, and we evaluated their responses to synthetic ligands by quantifying virulence factor production. Our results suggest an overall conservation in the activity trends of the ligands between the ExpR receptors in P. carotovora Ecc71 and LuxR in V. fischeri, and indicate that these compounds could be used as tools to study QS in an expanded set of bacteria. Notable differences in activity were apparent for certain compounds, however, and suggest that it might be possible to selectively regulate QS in bacteria that utilize degenerate AHLs.
Reducing power consumption in LTE data scheduling with the constraints of channel condition and QoS (2014)

3GPP has developed the Discontinuous Reception (DRX) power saving mechanism, which periodically turns off the radio interface to reduce power consumption. However, packets cannot be received during the on period, as a result that the Quality of Services (QoS) may be violated. In addition, channel condition may be unstable during the transmission, so the optimal DRX parameters should also be dynamically adjusted. In this paper, we propose the Dynamic Scheduling with Extensible Allocation and Dispersed Offsets (DXD) scheme, which is composed of two algorithms, DRX parameter decision algorithm, to determine the DRX period by considering channel condition and QoS constraints, and DRX-aware scheduling algorithm, to determine whether to extend the on duration so that QoS would not be affected by DRX. Simulation results demonstrate that our DXD approach can reduce power consumption up to 96.9% compared to no DRX scheme and guarantee QoS as good as no DRX scheme.
Timberol® Inhibits TAAR5-Mediated Responses to Trimethylamine and Influences the Olfactory Threshold in Humans (2015)

In mice, trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs) are interspersed in the olfactory epithelium and constitute a chemosensory subsystem that is highly specific for detecting volatile amines. Humans possess six putative functional TAAR genes. Human TAAR5 (hTAAR5) is highly expressed in the olfactory mucosa and was shown to be specifically activated by trimethylamine. In this study, we were challenged to uncover an effective blocker substance for trimethylamine-induced hTAAR5 activation. To monitor blocking effects, we recombinantly expressed hTAAR5 and employed a commonly used Cre-luciferase reporter gene assay. Among all tested potential blocker substances, Timberol®, an amber-woody fragrance, is able to inhibit the trimethylamine-induced hTAAR5 activation up to 96%. Moreover, human psychophysical data showed that the presence of Timberol® increases the olfactory detection threshold for the characteristic fishy odor of trimethylamine by almost one order of magnitude. In conclusion, our results show that among tested receptors Timberol® is a specific and potent antagonist for the hTAAR5-mediated response to trimethylamine in a heterologous system. Furthermore, our data concerning the observed shift of the olfactory detection threshold in vivo implicate that hTAAR5 or other receptors that may be inhibited by Timberol® could be involved in the high affinity olfactory perception of trimethylamine in humans.