gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deducing mode and purpose from GPS data (2008)

Over the past several years, there has been increasing interest in the use of Global Position System (GPS) devices as a means to measure people’s travel. These devices have been used quite widely to check the validity of self-reports of travel through travel diaries and similar conventional travel survey procedures. With the development of lightweight, high sensitivity GPS devices, there has been increasing interest in their use. GPS devices can collect and record data on points during a person’s travel, providing the latitude, longitude, (and altitude, if desired), the time, the speed of motion, and the heading at each such point, along with data quality measures. Data can be collected as frequently as every second, thereby providing a clear documentation of the path travelled. GPS devices cannot, however, collect data on the mode or the purpose of travel, both of which are essential components of the data record required for transport planning purposes. In this paper, we describe work that we have recently undertaken in which we have developed a set of heuristic rules for determining each of the mode of travel and the purpose of the trip, albeit with the use of comprehensive GIS data bases for the areas where the GPS surveys have been conducted. In the case of mode of travel, it is necessary to have a GIS that includes not only the street system, but also the bus routes and any rail lines or other modes of travel (such as ferry in the case of Sydney), where those modes do not travel along the street system. The rules we have developed consider the average speeds, the maximum and minimum speeds, and also use certain procedures to eliminate potentially spurious spot speed information. They also use information about the transport network and the availability of bicycles and cars to the survey participants. In the case of trip purpose, it is necessary to have a GIS of the land use of all parcels of land in the urban area for the survey, and we also ask people to tell us the addresses of all workplaces of members of the household, the school addresses for schools attended by household members, and the two most frequently used grocery stores or supermarkets. The rules then use the length of stay at the location and whether or not the location is one of the workplaces, schools, or stores identified. Frequency of visits during one or more weeks of data recording is also used to help identify the purpose of the trip. For trips that have one or both ends at a location other than home or one of the given addresses, the purpose is deduced from the land use information and the duration and frequency of the visit.
A privileged role (2015)

Diana Greenfield’s commitment to improving the lives of cancer survivors has been recognised with a regional NHS leadership award. She speaks to Clare Lomas about her pioneering work in late effects of treatment and survivorship and the important role played by nurse consultants
Architecting dynamic privileges in protected systems through hardening Identity and Access Management (2012)

Information sharing is a fundamental enabler in facilitating better business and security practices, where exchange of information automated. The goal is to design smart systems that monitor and control authorized data to propagate through between security domains to authenticated and authorized users, while removing unauthorized blocks as required by policy. The Department of Defense (DoD) and Federal Agencies have established an information strategy for their respective communities that implement the national level information sharing strategy. The inclusion of a comprehensive Identity and Access Management (IDAM) capability is a fundamental building block to address these strategies. Given that business and mission environments will transition to the use of virtual environments if only to achieve IT efficiencies, this paper discusses additional advantages inherent in virtual environments. If the security posture of the overarching enterprise relies on a layered defense strategy, the IDAM capabilities provide what may be a last line of defense for controlling access to critical enterprise information and resources. The study addresses the architecture, development, and implementation of IDAM capabilities in the Enterprise, as well as the required modification to function in a Cloud Environment.
High power diode laser treatment for early gastric cancer (1996)

Endoscopic diode laser ablation using indocyanine green (ICG) as a photosensitizer was studied to develop the treatment for early gastric cancer. The ICG solution with Img/ml concentration was administrated to the submucosal layer. When 25W diode laser emitted with 0.2seconds repeated irradiation with 0.2seconds interval, the submucosa was not ablated because of mucosal carbonization. Histology of the specimen in this case revealed total submucosal coagulation without any proper muscle damage. When the irradiation condition was 1 seconds irradiation repeated with foot switch control with an output of 25W, the mucosa was removed and submucosa was ablated progressively. The proper muscle was intact from thermal and direct laser injury as far as the ICG containing submucosal tissue remained. We could control the ablated depth by the endoscopic observation of the ablated surface. We think our therapy might be useful for the early gastric cancer with/without the submucosal invasion, in particular inoperable case.
Induction of Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression in Macrophages by Diesel Exhaust Particle Chemicals and Quinones via the Antioxidant-Responsive Element (2000)

Diesel exhaust particles (DEP) contain organic chemicals that contribute to the adverse health effects of inhaled particulate matter. Because DEP induce oxidative stress in the lung and in macrophages, effective antioxidant defenses are required. One type of defense is through the expression of the antioxidant enzyme, heme oxygenase I (HO-1). HO-1 as well as phase II detoxifying enzymes are induced via antioxidant response elements (ARE) in their promoters of that gene. We show that a crude DEP total extract, aromatic and polar DEP fractions, a benzo(a)pyrene quinone, and a phenolic antioxidant induce HO-1 expression in RAW264.7 cells in an ARE-dependent manner. N-acetyl cysteine and the flavonoid, luteolin, inhibited HO-1 protein expression. We also demonstrate that the same stimuli induce HO-1 mRNA expression in parallel with the activation of the SX2 enhancer of that gene. Mutation of the ARE core, but not the overlapping AP-1 binding sequence, disrupted SX2 activation. Finally, we show that biological agents, such as oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, could also induce HO-1 expression via an ARE-dependent mechanism. Prior induction of HO-1 expression, using cobalt-protoporphyrin, protected RAW264.7 cells against DEP-induced toxicity. Taken together, these data show that HO-1 plays an important role in cytoprotection against redox-active DEP chemicals, including quinones.
An intelligent shopping list based on the application of partitioning and machine learning algorithms (2019)

A grocery list is an integral part of the shopping experience of many consumers. Several mobile retail studies of grocery apps indicate that potential customers place the highest priority on features that help them to create and manage personalized shopping lists. First, we propose a new machine learning model written in Python 3 that predicts which grocery products the consumer will buy again or will try to buy for the first time, and in which store(s) the purchase will be made. Second, we introduce a smart shopping template to provide consumers with a personalized weekly shopping list based on their shopping history and known preferences. As the explanatory variables, we used available grocery shopping history, weekly product promotion information for a given region, as well as the product price statistics.
Deep immune profiling by mass cytometry links human T and NK cell differentiation and cytotoxic molecule expression patterns (2017)

The elimination of infected or tumor cells by direct lysis is a key T and NK cell effector function. T and NK cells can kill target cells by coordinated secretion of cytotoxic granules containing one or both pore-forming proteins, perforin and granulysin and combinations of granzyme (Gzm) family effector proteases (in humans: Gzm A, B, K, M and H). Understanding the pattern of expression of cytotoxic molecules and the relationship to different states of T and NK cells may have direct relevance for immune responses in autoimmunity, infectious disease and cancer. Approaches capable of simultaneously evaluating expression of multiple cytotoxic molecules with detailed information on T and NK differentiation state, however, remain limited. Here, we established a high dimensional mass cytometry approach to comprehensively interrogate single cell proteomic expression of cytotoxic programs and lymphocyte differentiation. This assay identified a coordinated expression pattern of cytotoxic molecules linked to CD8 T cell differentiation stages. Coordinated high expression of perforin, granulysin, Gzm A, Gzm B and Gzm M was associated with markers of late effector memory differentiation and expression of chemokine receptor CX3CR1. However, classical gating and dimensionality reduction approaches also identified other discordant patterns of cytotoxic molecule expression in CD8 T cells, including reduced perforin, but high Gzm A, Gzm K and Gzm M expression. When applied to non-CD8 T cells, this assay identified different patterns of cytotoxic molecule co-expression by CD56<sup>hi</sup> versus CD56<sup>dim</sup> defined NK cell developmental stages; in CD4 T cells, low expression of cytotoxic molecules was found mainly in TH1 phenotype cells, but not in Tregs or T follicular helper cells (TFH). Thus, this comprehensive, single cell, proteomic assessment of cytotoxic protein co-expression patterns demonstrates specialized cytotoxic programs in T cells and NK cells linked to their differentiation stages. Such comprehensive cytotoxic profiling may identify distinct patterns of cytotoxic potential relevant for specific infections, autoimmunity or tumor settings.
Site-controlled InAs quantum dots grown on a 55 nm thick GaAs buffer layer (2009)

We present site-controlled low density InAs quantum dots grown by molecular beam epitaxy with a template based overgrowth technique allowing enlarged buffer layers upto 55 nm. Growing a seeding layer of InAs quantum dots in etched holes reduces closing of the holes, so that a second layer of InAs quantum dots can be aligned to the holes after a buffer layer overgrowth. Confocal microphotoluminescence measurements show a significant decrease of the low temperature photoluminescence linewidth of the quantum dots to an average value of ∼500 μeV and a minimum width of 460 μeV. This is to be compared to 2 to 4 meV of quantum dots grown on thin buffer layers. This improvement is due to the enlarged distance to residual defects at the overgrown surface.
Atomic Resolution Structure of Monomorphic Aβ<sub>42</sub> Amyloid Fibrils (2016)

Amyloid-β (Aβ) is a 39-42 residue protein produced by the cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), which subsequently aggregates to form cross-β amyloid fibrils that are a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The most prominent forms of Aβ are Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42, which differ by two amino acids (I and A) at the C-terminus. However, Aβ42 is more neurotoxic and essential to the etiology of AD. Here, we present an atomic resolution structure of a monomorphic form of AβM01-42 amyloid fibrils derived from over 500 (13)C-(13)C, (13)C-(15)N distance and backbone angle structural constraints obtained from high field magic angle spinning NMR spectra. The structure (PDB ID: 5KK3 ) shows that the fibril core consists of a dimer of Aβ42 molecules, each containing four β-strands in a S-shaped amyloid fold, and arranged in a manner that generates two hydrophobic cores that are capped at the end of the chain by a salt bridge. The outer surface of the monomers presents hydrophilic side chains to the solvent. The interface between the monomers of the dimer shows clear contacts between M35 of one molecule and L17 and Q15 of the second. Intermolecular (13)C-(15)N constraints demonstrate that the amyloid fibrils are parallel in register. The RMSD of the backbone structure (Q15-A42) is 0.71 ± 0.12 Å and of all heavy atoms is 1.07 ± 0.08 Å. The structure provides a point of departure for the design of drugs that bind to the fibril surface and therefore interfere with secondary nucleation and for other therapeutic approaches to mitigate Aβ42 aggregation.
An essential role for p300/CBP in the cellular response to hypoxia (1996)

p300 and CBP are homologous transcription adapters targeted by the E1A oncoprotein. They participate in numerous biological processes, including cell cycle arrest, differentiation, and transcription activation. p300 and/or CBP (p300/CBP) also coactivate CREB. How they participate in these processes is not yet known. In a search for specific p300 binding proteins, we have cloned the intact cDNA for HIF-1 alpha. This transcription factor mediates hypoxic induction of genes encoding certain glycolytic enzymes, erythropoietin (Epo), and vascular endothelial growth factor. Hypoxic conditions lead to the formation of a DNA binding complex containing both HIF-1 alpha and p300/CBP. Hypoxia-induced transcription from the Epo promoter was specifically enhanced by ectopic p300 and inhibited by E1A binding to p300/CBP. Hypoxia-induced VEGF and Epo mRNA synthesis were similarly inhibited by E1A. Hence, p300/CBP-HIF complexes participate in the induction of hypoxia-responsive genes, including one (vascular endothelial growth factor) that plays a major role in tumor angiogenesis. Paradoxically, these data, to our knowledge for the first time, suggest that p300/ CBP are active in both transformation suppression and tumor development.
PCR analysis of hair root specimens to detect Tay-Sachs disease carriers in Ashkenazi Jews (1995)

Journal Article PCR analysis of hair root specimens to detect Tay-Sachs disease carriers in Ashkenazi Jews Get access R Brillante, R Brillante School of Med., Repatriation General Hosp., Concord NSW, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V Yang, V Yang School of Med., Repatriation General Hosp., Concord NSW, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A Proos, A Proos School of Med., Repatriation General Hosp., Concord NSW, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L Burnett L Burnett School of Med., Repatriation General Hosp., Concord NSW, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 41, Issue 2, 1 February 1995, Pages 321–322, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/41.2.321 Published: 01 February 1995
Long-Term Outcome of Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer Treated with High-Dose Chemotherapy and Transplantation of Purified Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cells (2011)

Metastatic breast cancer remains a major treatment challenge. The use of high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) with rescue by autologous mobilized peripheral blood (MPB) is controversial, in part because of contamination of MPB by circulating tumor cells. CD34(+)Thy-1(+) selected hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) represent a graft source with a greater than 250,000-fold reduction in cancer cells. Here, we present the long-term outcome of a pilot study to determine feasibility and engraftment using HDCT and purified HSC in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Twenty-two patients who had been treated with standard chemotherapy were enrolled into a phase I/II trial between December 1996 and February 1998, and underwent HDCT followed by rescue with CD34(+)Thy-1(+) HSC isolated from autologous MPB. More than 12 years after the end of the study, 23% (5 of 22) of HSC recipients are alive, and 18% (4 of 22) are free of recurrence with normal hematopoietic function. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 16 months, and median overall survival (OS) was 60 months. Retrospective comparison with 74 patients transplanted between February 1995 and June 1999 with the identical HDCT regimen but rescue with unmanipulated MPB indicated that 9% of patients are alive, and 7% are without disease. Median PFS was 10 months, and median OS was 28 months. In conclusion, cancer-depleted HSC following HDCT resulted in better than expected 12- to 14-year PFS and OS in a cohort of metastatic breast cancer patients. These data prompt us to look once again at purified HSC transplantation in a protocol powered to test for efficacy in advanced-stage breast cancer patients.
The Incidence of Urinary Schistosomiasis in Ohaukwu Local GovernmentArea of Ebonyi (2017)

A prevalence study of urinary schistosomiasis involving 2,468 persons in nine villages of Ohaukwu Local Government Area of Ebonyi State was carried out between October 2002 and May 2003 Of the sampled subjects, 1,215 (49.2%) were positive for Schistosoma haematobium ova. Prevalence of the disease varied amongst villages but it was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Age differential showed a gradual increase from the less than five years old and reaching a peak in the 16-20 years and decreasing thereafter. Of the 2,468 persons examined, 1101 and 1367 were males and females respectively. While 575 (53.2%) males were infected, 640 (46.8%) females were positive for Schistosoma haematobium ova in their urine. Intensity of infection in both sexes increased with increase in prevalence and had similar pattern of decrease. Altogether, 34.9% males and 29.7% females has low egg counts below 50 eggs/10 ml urine while males (65.1%) and females (70.3%) had high eggs counts. Visible haematuria was seen in most positive urine specimens.
Tracking illegally parked vehicles using correlation of multi-scale difference of Gaussian filtered patches (2011)

Detection and tracking of illegally parked vehicles are usually considered as crucial steps in the development of a video-surveillance based traffic-management system. The major challenge in this task lies in making the tracking phase illumination-change tolerant. The paper presents a two-stage process to detect vehicles parked illegally and monitor these in subsequent frames. Chromaticity and brightness distortion estimates are used in the first stage to segment the foreground objects from the remainder of the scene. The process then locks onto all stationary 'vehicle'-size patches, parts of which overlap with the regions of interest marked interactively <i>a priori</i>. The second stage of the process is applied subsequently to track all the illegally parked vehicles detected during the first stage. All the locked patches are filtered using a difference-of-Gaussian (DoG) filter operated at three different scales to capture a broad range of information. In succeeding frames patches at the same locations are similarly DoG filtered at the three different scales and the results matched with the corresponding ones initially generated. A combined score based on correlation estimates is used to track and confirm the existence of the illegally parked vehicles. Use of the DoG filter helps in extracting edge based features of the patches thus making the tracking process broadly illumination-invariant. The two-stage approach has been tested on the United Kingdom Home Office iLIDS dataset with encouraging results.
Internet Calendaring and Scheduling Core Object Specification (iCALENDAR) Compatible Collaborative Calendar-Server (CCS) Web Services (2006)

There has been a clear need to have a common format for representing calendar data to solve the interoperability issues between different types of Calendaring and Scheduling applications. Internet Calendaring and Scheduling Core Object Specification (iCalendar) defines a common format for calendar data exchange to progress the level of interoperability possible between different calendaring and scheduling applications. In this paper, we describe our approach to resolve interoperability issues by providing implementations of a Collaborative Calendar-Server (CCS), a bridge module, and a Global Multimedia Collaboration System (GlobalMMCS) Client Module. The CCS is implemented based on the iCalendar specification as a collection of Web Services. The bridge module allows the CCS to communicate with different Calendaring and Scheduling applications, which are based on the iCalendar specification and use http methods for interactions. GlobalMMCS portal interacts with the CCS to schedule meetings, and to store and to retrieve calendar information through the GlobalMMCS Client Module.
On the available diversity gain from different dual-polarized antennas (2001)

Dual-polarized antennas are traditionally characterized in terms of port-to-port isolation and co- and cross-polar radiation patterns. For base station antennas in a mobile communications system, the critical parameter is instead the far-field coupling between the two channels. In a mobile communication system, base station antennas with a nominal /spl plusmn/45/spl deg/ to vertical linear polarization are commonly used. Such antennas are difficult to design with constant polarization characteristics in azimuth. We calculate the antenna output power correlation and diversity gain under Rayleigh fading conditions and different values of the environment cross-polar discrimination. Two different antennas are compared: a dual-polarized aperture coupled patch and a slanted dipole configuration, both over an infinite groundplane. We show that the aperture coupled patch provides lower output correlation and higher diversity gain than the slanted dipoles in all investigated cases.
E-cadherin expression is silenced by 5' CpG island methylation in acute leukemia. (2000)

E-Cadherin is a transmembrane glycoprotein that mediates Ca2+-dependent intercellular adhesion in normal epithelium. In tumors of epithelial origin, E-cadherin expression frequently is reduced, an event that contributes to tumor invasion and metastasis. The role of E-cadherin in hematopoietic tissues is less clear. In normal bone marrow, E-cadherin is expressed on erythroid progenitors, CD34+ stem cells, and stromal cells, where it likely contributes to intercellular interactions during hematopoiesis. In this study, we used a nested-PCR approach to examine the methylation status of the E-cadherin 5' CpG island in blood and bone marrow samples from normal donors and in bone marrow from patients with acute leukemia. In normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells and bone marrow, E-cadherin was completely unmethylated. In peripheral blood mononuclear cells, expression was evident by reverse transcription-PCR. Immunoblotting confirmed E-cadherin protein expression in two lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from normal donors. In contrast, E-cadherin was aberrantly methylated in 4 of 4 (100%) leukemia cell lines, 14 of 44 (32%) acute myelogenous leukemias, and 18 of 33 (53%) acute lymphoblastic leukemias. Genomic bisulfite sequencing of primary leukemias confirmed dense methylation across the CpG island. Methylation was associated with loss of E-cadherin RNA and protein in leukemia cell lines and primary leukemias. Following treatment with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, a methylated leukemia cell line expressed both E-cadherin transcript and protein. Our results show that methylation of E-cadherin occurs commonly in acute leukemia and suggests a hypothesis for E-cadherin down-regulation in leukemogenesis.
Synthesis of Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate (and Isosteric Analogues) by Enzymatic Oxidation; Sugars from Glycerol (1994)

The combination of enzymes glycerol phosphate oxidase and catalase allows the efficient preparative oxidation of glycerol phosphate 1 (X = O) with elemental oxygen which yields dihydroxyacetone phosphate 2 (X = O). Phosphate 2 can be added to various aldehydes in a one-flask, enzyme-catalyzed reaction to furnish 3 (X = O). Isosteric analogues of glycerol phosphate 1 (X = CH2, NH, S) can be converted into the corresponding adducts 3.