gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fabrication and Performance of Supercapacitor Devices Using Binder-Free CNT Electrodes (2018)

Electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs) are a category of supercapacitors that generally compliment the performance of batteries through delivery of high power with significantly longer cycle life. The conventional active electrode material utilized in these EDLCs is activated carbon (AC) possessing high surface area through templated porosity. However, one of the primary limitations with AC-based supercapacitors using organic electrolytes is the operational voltage maximum around 2.75 V. Operation at higher voltages that push the 2.75 V barrier is the next essential developmental breakthrough to enable significant boosts to both energy and power densities of supercapacitors. Research into alternative active electrode materials is equally critical to enable and support high voltage operation of supercapacitors. This work demonstrates the fabrication of carbon nanotube (CNT) electrodes from organic-based dispersions without the inclusion of surfactant or binder, and subsequent assembly into supercapacitor devices. The performance of pouch cells assembled from the CNT electrodes and using conventional organic electrolytes at operating voltages ≥ 2.7 V is discussed. A significant and linear voltage dependence of capacitance (~ 3 times higher than AC) was observed for cells with CNT electrodes up to operational voltages ~ 3.5 V, which are currently not achievable using AC-based cells. Repeatable charge-discharge operation of the CNT-based EDLCs was demonstrated at 3.5 V and 70°C, with consequential increase to capacitance by ~ 25 - 30 % compared to 2.7 V operation. Power and energy densities were increased by 1.5 and 2 times respectively at 3.5 V compared to operation at 2.7 V. The performance characteristics from such CNT-based pouch cells were benchmarked against commercial-grade AC supercapacitor devices using organic electrolytes and rated at 2.75 V (single cell). Long-term performance advantages were observed for the CNT-based monocells at 3.5 V and 70°C, which passed 100k cycling tests at full discharge. Under the same test conditions, commercial AC-based cells failed early during the 100k cycling. Response times approaching 2 ms (at -45° phase angle) were also demonstrated with EDLC devices using thin CNT electrodes with 1 mF capacitance. Such EDLC devices may potentially rival aluminum electrolytic capacitors (AECs) for alternating current line-filtering applications, offering significant space savings compared to the bulky AEC components. Finally, the scalable fabrication of binder-free CNT electrodes from surfactant-free dispersion of the material was demonstrated by roll-to-roll, slot-die coating onto an Al foil current collector. The processing of these conformal CNT coatings, assembly into 18650 cylindrical cells, and the resulting EDLC performance characteristics are discussed. The CNT-based 18650 cells had an average capacitance of 7 F at 2.7 V, with low average ESR of 7 mΩ at 1 kHz, and average response time of 120 ms at -45° phase angle. Figure 1
A compact directly-excited transmitter for wideband data transmission (2014)

A new technique to realize a high-rate data transmission through electrically small antennas is presented. In this technique, the fundamental resonant frequency of a single-mode antenna is modulated by feeding the antenna with a switched capacitor with a switching signal controlled by baseband digital data. The antenna operates completely in the transient state and a DC power source is used to excite the fundamental resonances and therefore, no RF source is required.
Platelets from patients with Alzheimer's disease or other dementias exhibit disease-specific and apolipoprotein E correlatable defects (1996)

Platelets carry over 95% of the circulating Alzheimer's β-amyloid precursor protein (AβPP), and release soluble and hydrophobic proteolytic fragments of AβPP upon activation. These cells may be the source of cerebrovascular amyloid peptides, a part of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Our previous studies showed that platelets from patients with advanced AD exhibit both signal transduction (hyperacidification) and AβPP processing defects. Here, we show further that a similar hyperacidification also exists in patients with Pick's disease (a dementia with AD-like symptoms but a different amyloid pathology) or Down syndrome (trisomy and hence overproduction of AβPP), while the AβPP processing defect and consequent AβPP retention on the membrane is absent and is thus likely to be AD-specific. The hyperacidiftcation defect correlates with all three dementias and with the presence of apolipoprotein E4 which has been implicated as a risk factorial-AD.
<title>Robust embedded data from wavelet coefficients</title> (1997)

An approach to embedding gray scale images using a discrete wavelet transform is proposed. The proposed scheme enables using signature images that could be as much as 25% of the host image data and hence could be used both in digital watermarking as well as image/data hiding. In digital watermarking the primary concern is the recovery or checking for signature even when the embedded image has been changed by image processing operations. Thus the embedding scheme should be robust to typical operations such as low-pass filtering and lossy compression. In contrast, for data hiding applications it is important that there should not be any visible changes to the host data that is used to transmit a hidden image. In addition, in both data hiding and watermarking, it is desirable that it is difficult or impossible for unauthorized persons to recover the embedded signatures. The proposed scheme provides a simple control parameter that can be tailored to either hiding or watermarking purposes, and is robust to operations such as JPEG compression. Experimental results demonstrate that high quality recovery of the signature data is possible.
Mangiferin functionalized radioactive gold nanoparticles (MGF-<sup>198</sup>AuNPs) in prostate tumor therapy: green nanotechnology for production, in vivo tumor retention and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy (2017)

We report here an innovative feature of green nanotechnology-focused work showing that mangiferin-a glucose functionalized xanthonoid, found in abundance in mango peels-serves dual roles of chemical reduction and in situ encapsulation, to produce gold nanoparticles with optimum in vivo stability and tumor specific characteristics. The interaction of mangiferin with a Au-198 gold precursor affords MGF-<sup>198</sup>AuNPs as the beta emissions of Au-198 provide unique advantages for tumor therapy while gamma rays are used for the quantitative estimation of gold within the tumors and various organs. The laminin receptor specificity of mangiferin affords specific accumulation of therapeutic payloads of this new therapeutic agent within prostate tumors (PC-3) of human prostate tumor origin induced in mice which overexpress this receptor subtype. Detailed in vivo therapeutic efficacy studies, through the intratumoral delivery of MGF-<sup>198</sup>AuNPs, show the retention of over 80% of the injected dose (ID) in prostate tumors up to 24 h. By three weeks post treatment, tumor volumes of the treated group of animals showed an over 5 fold reduction as compared to the control saline group. New opportunities for green nanotechnology and a new paradigm of using mangiferin as a tumor targeting agent in oncology for the application of MGF-<sup>198</sup>AuNPs in the treatment of cancer are discussed.
Classification of fetal heart rate series (2012)

We study the problem of accurate automatic classification of fetal heart rate (FHR) signals using three different classification methods. FHR time series data are segmented into short (15s) spans of data, and features are extracted from them. These features include some established metrics of FHR trends such as acceleration and deceleration durations as well as a new set of features derived from the sequence of beat-to-beat percentage changes of the FHR signals. In total, we use 10 different features and demonstrate the feasibility of using them for classifying short segments into one of two suitably defined classes denoted as normal or abnormal. Classification is achieved using three different methods: support vector machine, a parametric Bayesian method and a non-parametric Bayesian method utilizing a neighbour-counting procedure for class-conditional density estimation. The performances of these methods are demonstrated on a database of physician-annotated recordings from which 580 short epochs of FHR patterns were extracted.
Multicentre validation of a microRNA-based assay for diagnosing indeterminate thyroid nodules utilising fine needle aspirate smears (2016)

Aims The distinction between benign and malignant thyroid nodules has important therapeutic implications. Our objective was to develop an assay that could classify indeterminate thyroid nodules as benign or suspicious, using routinely prepared fine needle aspirate (FNA) cytology smears. Methods A training set of 375 FNA smears was used to develop the microRNA-based assay, which was validated using a blinded, multicentre, retrospective cohort of 201 smears. Final diagnosis of the validation samples was determined based on corresponding surgical specimens, reviewed by the contributing institute pathologist and two independent pathologists. Validation samples were from adult patients (≥18 years) with nodule size >0.5 cm, and a final diagnosis confirmed by at least one of the two blinded, independent pathologists. The developed assay, RosettaGX Reveal, differentiates benign from malignant thyroid nodules, using quantitative RT-PCR. Results Test performance on the 189 samples that passed quality control: negative predictive value: 91% (95% CI 84% to 96%); sensitivity: 85% (CI 74% to 93%); specificity: 72% (CI 63% to 79%). Performance for cases in which all three reviewing pathologists were in agreement regarding the final diagnosis (n=150): negative predictive value: 99% (CI 94% to 100%); sensitivity: 98% (CI 87% to 100%); specificity: 78% (CI 69% to 85%). Conclusions A novel assay utilising microRNA expression in cytology smears was developed. The assay distinguishes benign from malignant thyroid nodules using a single FNA stained smear, and does not require fresh tissue or special collection and shipment conditions. This assay offers a valuable tool for the preoperative classification of thyroid samples with indeterminate cytology.
Expression of <i>Trichoderma reesei</i> and <i>Trichoderma viride</i> xylanases in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1995)

Synthetic genes encoding the 190 amino acid Trichoderma reesei xylanase II (TrX) and the closely related Trichoderma viride xylanases have been synthesized in a two-step procedure. Initially, a partial gene encoding amino acids 92–190 was constructed in fusion with the N-terminal half of the Bacillus circulons xylanase (BcX). The remaining BcX gene sequence was replaced during the assembly of the coding sequence for amino acids 1–91. Expression of the synthetic genes in Escherichia coli yielded recombinant xylanases with specific activity generally identical with the natural TrX. However, the recombinant TrX showed thermostability and temperature optimum lower than those of the natural TrX, thus indicating that the posttranslational modifications of the latter in its fungal host are essential to its greater stability. A mutation N19K further decreased the thermostability of the recombinant TrX.Key words: xylanase, thermostability.
Arginine as a Synergistic Virucidal Agent (2010)

Development of effective and environmentally friendly disinfectants, or virucidal agents, should help prevent the spread of infectious diseases through human contact with contaminated surfaces. These agents may also be used, if non-toxic to cells and tissues, as chemotherapeutic agents against infectious diseases. We have shown that arginine has a synergistic effect with a variety of virucidal conditions, namely acidic pH and high temperature, on virus inactivation. All of these treatments are effective, however, at the expense of toxicity. The ability of arginine to lower the effective threshold of these parameters may reduce the occurrence of potential toxic side effects. While it is clear that arginine can be safely used, the mechanism of its virus inactivation has not yet been elucidated. Here we examine the damages that viruses suffer from various physical and chemical stresses and their relations to virus inactivation and aggregation. Based on the relationship between the stress-induced structural damages and the infectivity of a virus, we will propose several plausible mechanisms describing the effects of arginine on virus inactivation using the current knowledge of aqueous arginine solution properties.
Kinetics of Antibody Response to<i>Ehrlichia canis</i>Immunoreactive Proteins (2003)

Immunoreactive proteins of Ehrlichia canis and Ehrlichia chaffeensis that have been characterized include a family of 28-kDa major outer membrane proteins (p28) and two large antigenically divergent surface glycoprotein orthologs. We previously demonstrated that recombinant E. canis p28 and the 140- and 200-kDa glycoproteins gp140 and gp200, respectively, react strongly with serum antibodies from suspect canine ehrlichiosis cases that were positive for E. canis by immunofluorescent antibody test and in various phases of acute or chronic infection (J. Clin. Microbiol. 39:315-322, 2001). The kinetics of the antibody response to these potentially important vaccine and immunodiagnostic candidates is not known. Acute-phase serum antibody responses to whole-cell E. canis lysates and recombinant p28, gp140, and gp200 were monitored for 6 weeks in dogs experimentally infected with E. canis. Irrespective of the inoculation route, a T-helper 1-type response was elicited to E. canis antigens consisting of immunoglobulin G2 antibodies exclusively in both acute and convalescent phases in most dogs. Analysis of immuoreactive antigens for peak intensity and relative quantity identified major immunoreactive E. canis antigens recognized early in the infection as the 19-, 37-, 75-, and 140-kDa proteins. Later in infection, additional major immunoreactive E. canis proteins were identified, including the 28-, 47-, and 95-kDa proteins and the recently identified 200-kDa glycoprotein. All dogs had developed antibody against the recombinant gp140, gp200, and p28 in the convalescent phase. Immunoreactivity and antibody response kinetics suggest that major immunoreactive proteins identified are immunodominant, but early recognition suggests increased dominance by some antigens.
Microfluidic stickers for cell- and tissue-based assays in microchannels (2008)

Difficulties in culturing cells inside microchannels is a major obstacle for the wide use of microfluidic technology in cell biology. Here, we present a simple and versatile method to interface closed microchannels with cellular and multicellular systems. Our approach, based on microfluidic stickers which can adhere to wet glass coverslips, eliminates the need to adapt cell culture conditions to microchannels and greatly facilitates the methods required to position cells into microcircuits. We demonstrate the simplicity and efficiency of the method with HeLa cells, primary cultured neurons and Drosophila tissues.
Photonic compressed sensing nyquist folding receiver (2017)

We demonstrate how integrated photonic components can be used to generate frequency modulated optical pulses below the Nyquist criteria in order to compress a wideband radio frequency environment for sampling. The compressed signals can be analyzed and extracted using digital signal processing techniques.
Schottky-barrier characteristics of metal–amorphous-silicon diodes (1976)

Metal–amorphous-silicon Schottky barriers, similar to those used in thin-film amorphous-silicon solar cells, exhibit nearly ideal diode behavior in the dark. The current-voltage characteristics have been studied in the range from 270 to 370 °K and are found to be in agreement with the diffusion theory of metal-semiconductor rectification. Barrier heights, which were measured by two different methods, depend on the metal work function, and barriers as high as ∼1.1 eV are obtained with Pt films.
Curvature by design and on demand in liquid crystal elastomers (2018)

The shape of liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) with spatial variation in the director orientation can be transformed by exposure to a stimulus. Here, informed by previously reported analytical treatments, we prepare complex spiral patterns imprinted into LCEs and quantify the resulting shape transformation. Quantification of the stimuli-induced shapes reveals good agreement between predicted and experimentally observed curvatures. We conclude this communication by reporting a design strategy to allow LCE films to be anchored at their external boundaries onto rigid substrates without incurring internal, mechanical-mismatch stresses upon actuation, a critical advance to the realization of shape transformation of LCEs in practical device applications.
Design of an Improved Turbine Rim-Seal (2015)

Rim seals are fitted in gas turbines at the periphery of the wheel-space formed between rotor disks and their adjacent casings. These seals, also called platform overlap seals, reduce the ingress of hot gases which can limit the life of highly stressed components in the engine. This paper describes the development of a new, patented rim-seal concept showing improved performance relative to a reference engine design, using unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) computations of a turbine stage at engine conditions. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study was limited to a small number of purge-flow rates due to computational time and cost, and the computations were validated experimentally at a lower rotational Reynolds number and in conditions under incompressible flow. The new rim seal features a stator-side angel wing and two buffer cavities between outer and inner seals: the angel-wing promotes a counter-rotating vortex to reduce the effect of the ingress on the stator; the two buffer cavities are shown to attenuate the circumferential pressure asymmetries of the fluid ingested from the mainstream annulus. Rotor disk pumping is exploited to reduce the sealing flow rate required to prevent ingress, with the rotor boundary layer also providing protective cooling. Measurements of gas concentration and swirl ratio, determined from static and total pressure, were used to assess the performance of the new seal concept relative to a benchmark generic seal. The radial variation of concentration through the seal was measured in the experiments and these data captured the improvements due to the intermediate buffer cavities predicted by the CFD. This successful design approach is a potent combination of insight provided by computation, and the flexibility and expedience provided by experiment.
QTY code-designed water-soluble Fc-fusion cytokine receptors bind to their respective ligands (2020)

Cytokine release syndrome (CRS), or storm, is the leading side effect during CAR-T therapy that is potentially life-threatening It also plays a critical role in viral infections such as COVID-19 Therefore, efficient removal of excessive cytokines is essential for treatment We previously reported a novel protein modification tool called the QTY code, through which hydrophobic amino acids Leu, Ile, Val and Phe are replaced by Gln (Q), Thr (T) and Tyr (Y) Thus the functional detergent-free equivalent of membrane proteins can be designed Here we report the application of the QTY code on six variants of cytokine receptors, including interleukin receptors IL4αR and IL10αR, chemokine receptors CCR9 and CXCR2, as well as interferon receptors IFNγR1 and IFNλR1 QTY-variant cytokine receptors exhibit physiol properties similar to those of native receptors without the presence of hydrophobic segments The receptors were fused to the Fc region of IgG protein to form an antibody-like structure These QTY code-designed Fc fusion receptors were expressed in E coli and purified The resulting water-soluble fusion receptors bind to their resp ligands with Kd values affinity similar to isolated native receptors Our cytokine receptor-Fc fusion proteins potentially serve as an antibody-like decoy to dampen the excessive cytokine levels associated with CRS and COVID-19 infection
Pre-Clinical Activity of Amino-Alcohol Dimeric Naphthoquinones as Potential Therapeuticsfor Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2021)

We synthesized a novel amino alcohol dimeric naphthoquinone, investigated its main mechanisms of action, reported its in vitro anti-AML cytotoxic activity, and showed its in vivo promising activity combined with a clinically available Bcl-2 inhibitor in a patient-derived xenograft model of AML.
A compact multi-polarised broadband antenna (1990)

An innovative concept to meet the multioctave polarization diverse challenge is described. Equal right- and left-hand polarization performance has been achieved from a single radiating aperture using an inherent symmetry. This concept employs an edge-fed, interleaved log-periodic antenna, referred to as the interLog antenna. The edge-fed geometry improves antenna reliability over that of the center-fed spiral due to mechanical and thermal stability. The antenna consists of four interleaved, curved dipole, log-periodic elements placed over an absorber-loaded cavity. Opposite elements are excited 180 degrees out of phase using a printed circuit infinite balun approach. Orthogonal circular polarizations are achieved by connecting the balun output to an integral stripline 90 degrees coupler. Analysis, measured pattern, VSWR (voltage standing wave ratio), and isolation data are given, demonstrating the effectiveness of the antenna approach.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Absorbed dose water calorimeter. [/sup 60/Co] (1980)

Advantages was taken of the low thermal diffusivity of water and the imperviousness of polyethylene film to water to construct a calorimeter for directly measuring absorbed dose in that medium. An ultrasmall bead thermistor was sandwiched between two thin films stretched on polystyrene rings and immersed in an unregulated water bath. Further development is directed toward a standard instrument that can be used in a medical therapy beam.
A genetic marker for non-insulin-dependent diabetes and atherosclerosis (1983)

ABSTRACT. The human insulin gene has been localized to the short arm of chromosome 11. The length of a segment of DNA associated with the human insulin gene is polymorphic. In patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) the proportion of subjects homozygous for DNA restriction fragments of a large size class (U alleles) in the polymorphic region was significantly higher than in normal controls. The U allele is thus associated with at least one type of NIDDM. The U-alleles were also strongly associated with macroangiopathy in diabetic as well as in non-diabetic subjects. Key words: DNA polymorphism, chromosome 11, genetic marker, human insulin gene, non-insulin-dependent diabetes, glucose regulation, atherosclerosis, macroangiopathy.