gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
3D bioprinting mesenchymal stem cell-laden construct with core–shell nanospheres for cartilage tissue engineering (2018)

Cartilage tissue is prone to degradation and has little capacity for self-healing due to its avascularity. Tissue engineering, which provides artificial scaffolds to repair injured tissues, is a novel and promising strategy for cartilage repair. 3D bioprinting offers even greater potential for repairing degenerative tissue by simultaneously integrating living cells, biomaterials, and biological cues to provide a customized scaffold. With regard to cell selection, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great capacity for differentiating into a variety of cell types, including chondrocytes, and could therefore be utilized as a cartilage cell source in 3D bioprinting. In the present study, we utilize a tabletop stereolithography-based 3D bioprinter for a novel cell-laden cartilage tissue construct fabrication. Printable resin is composed of 10% gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) base, various concentrations of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), biocompatible photoinitiator, and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) embedded nanospheres fabricated via a core-shell electrospraying technique. We find that the addition of PEGDA into GelMA hydrogel greatly improves the printing resolution. Compressive testing shows that modulus of the bioprinted scaffolds proportionally increases with the concentrations of PEGDA, while swelling ratio decreases with the increase of PEGDA concentration. Confocal microscopy images illustrate that the cells and nanospheres are evenly distributed throughout the entire bioprinted construct. Cells grown on 5%/10% (PEGDA/GelMA) hydrogel present the highest cell viability and proliferation rate. The TGF-β1 embedded in nanospheres can keep a sustained release up to 21 d and improve chondrogenic differentiation of encapsulated MSCs. The cell-laden bioprinted cartilage constructs with TGF-β1-containing nanospheres is a promising strategy for cartilage regeneration.
Automated detection of password leakage from public GitHub repositories (2022)

The prosperity of the GitHub community has raised new concerns about data security in public repositories. Practitioners who manage authentication secrets such as textual passwords and API keys in the source code may accidentally leave these texts in the public repositories, resulting in secret leakage. If such leakage in the source code can be automatically detected in time, potential damage would be avoided. With existing approaches focusing on detecting secrets with distinctive formats (e.g., API keys, cryptographic keys in PEM format), textual passwords, which are ubiquitously used for authentication, fall through the crack. Given that textual passwords could be virtually any strings, a naive detection scheme based on regular expression performs poorly. This paper presents PassFinder, an automated approach to effectively detecting password leakage from public repositories that involve various programming languages on a large scale. PassFinder utilizes deep neural networks to unveil the intrinsic characteristics of textual passwords and understand the semantics of the code snippets that use textual passwords for authentication, i.e., the contextual information of the passwords in the source code. Using this new technique, we performed the first large-scale and longitudinal analysis of password leakage on GitHub. We inspected newly uploaded public code files on GitHub for 75 days and found that password leakage is pervasive, affecting over sixty thousand repositories. Our work contributes to a better understanding of password leakage on GitHub, and we believe our technique could promote the security of the open-source ecosystem.
Conversion from unipolar to bipolar resistance switching by inserting Ta2O5 layer in Pt/TaOx/Pt cells (2011)

We observed unipolar resistance switching in Pt/TaOx/Pt cells. We could make the cell have the bipolar resistance switching by inserting a stoichiometric Ta2O5 layer between Pt and TaOx layers. Bipolar resistance switching in Pt/Ta2O5/TaOx/Pt cells occurred reliably without applying an external compliance current. With increase in the Ta2O5 layer thickness, the current value at the low-resistance state became decreased but the forming voltage became increased. We could explain these intriguing phenomena using the interface-modified random circuit breaker network model.
The bilinear complexity and practical algorithms for matrix multiplication (2013)

A method for deriving bilinear algorithms for matrix multiplication is proposed. New estimates for the bilinear complexity of a number of problems of the exact and approximate multiplication of rectangular matrices are obtained. In particular, the estimate for the boundary rank of multiplying 3 × 3 matrices is improved and a practical algorithm for the exact multiplication of square n × n matrices is proposed. The asymptotic arithmetic complexity of this algorithm is O(n 2.7743).
Computer-assisted analysis of peripheral zone prostate lesions using T2-weighted and dynamic contrast enhanced T1-weighted MRI (2010)

In this study, computer-assisted analysis of prostate lesions was researched by combining information from two different magnetic resonance (MR) modalities: T2-weighted (T2-w) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) T1-w images. Two issues arise when incorporating T2-w images in a computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) system: T2-w values are position as well as sequence dependent and images can be misaligned due to patient movement during the acquisition. A method was developed that computes T2 estimates from a T2-w and proton density value and a known sequence model. A mutual information registration strategy was implemented to correct for patient movement. Global motion is modelled by an affine transformation, while local motion is described by a volume preserving non-rigid deformation based on B-splines. The additional value to the discriminating performance of a DCE T1-w-based CADx system was evaluated using bootstrapped ROC analysis. T2 estimates were successfully computed in 29 patients. T2 values were extracted and added to the CADx system from 39 malignant, 19 benign and 29 normal annotated regions. T2 values alone achieved a diagnostic accuracy of 0.85 (0.77-0.92) and showed a significantly improved discriminating performance of 0.89 (0.81-0.95), when combined with DCE T1-w features. In conclusion, the study demonstrated a simple T2 estimation method that has a diagnostic performance such that it complements a DCE T1-w-based CADx system in discriminating malignant lesions from normal and benign regions. Additionally, the T2 estimate is beneficial to visual inspection due to the removed coil profile and fixed window and level settings.
Hybrid III–V Silicon Photonic Crystal Cavity Emitting at Telecom Wavelengths (2020)

Photonic crystal (PhC) cavities are promising candidates for Si photonics integrated circuits due to their ultrahigh quality (<i>Q</i>)-factors and small mode volumes. Here, we demonstrate a novel concept of a one-dimensional hybrid III-V/Si PhC cavity which exploits a combination of standard silicon-on-insulator technology and active III-V materials. Using template-assisted selective epitaxy, the central part of a Si PhC lattice is locally replaced with III-V gain material. The III-V material is placed to overlap with the maximum of the cavity mode field profile, while keeping the major part of the PhC in Si. The selective epitaxy process enables growth parallel to the substrate, and hence in-plane integration with Si, and in-situ in-plane homo- and heterojunctions. The fabricated hybrid III-V/Si PhCs show emission over the entire telecommunication band from 1.2 to 1.6 μm at room temperature validating the device concept and its potential towards fully integrated light sources on silicon.
QUANTITATIVE DETECTION OF TRANSGENIC AND ENDOGENOUS DNA SEQUENCES IN SEEDS AFTER AUTOMATED DNA PREPARATION (2004)

In applied transgenic research as well as in agriculture there is an increasing need for high-throughput analyses of plants for genotypic selection or to identify the purity of seed stocks, e.g. for transgenic contaminations or the identification of pathogens. We developed and optimised conditions for the isolation of DNA from single seeds using an automated high-throughput protocol. Our results show that the system provided is capable of isolating DNA from any tested seed source. Furthermore, seeds remain capable of germinating during the homogenisation procedure. Quantification of endogenous and transgenic sequences by Real-Time PCR revealed that the prepared DNA is suitable in quality and quantity for multiple PCR analyses with both SYBR Green and hybridisation probe detection. The described method will be a useful tool for routine analyses like screening of large populations or the specific detection of genetically modified organisms (GMO).
Computational Statistical Physics (2011)

The present book is an outcome of the SERC school on Computational Statistical Physics held at the Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, in December 2008. Numerical experimentation has played an extremely important role in statistical physics in recent years. Lectures given at the School covered a large number of topics of current and continuing interest. Based on lectures by active researchers in the field- Bikas Chakrabarti, S Chaplot, Deepak Dhar, Sanjay Kumar, Prabal Maiti, Sanjay Puri, Purusattam Ray, Sitangshu Santra and Subir Sarkar- the nine chapters comprising the book deal with topics that range from the fundamentals of the field, to problems and questions that are at the very forefront of current research. This book aims to expose the graduate student to the basic as well as advanced techniques in computational statistical physics. Following a general introduction to statistical mechanics and critical phenomena, the various chapters cover Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulation methodology, along with a variety of applications. These include the study of coarsening phenomena and diffusion in zeolites.< /p> In addition, graphical enumeration techniques are covered in detail with applications to percolation and polymer physics, and methods for optimisation are also discussed. Beginning graduate students and young researchers in the area of statistical physics will find the book useful. In addition, this will also be a valuable general reference for students and researchers in other areas of science and engineering.
Oxidation kinetics of ammonia and ammonia-methanol mixtures in supercritical water in the temperature range 530-700.degree.C at 246 bar (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidation kinetics of ammonia and ammonia-methanol mixtures in supercritical water in the temperature range 530-700.degree.C at 246 barPaul A. Webley, Jefferson W. Tester, and H. Richard HolgateCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1991, 30, 8, 1745–1754Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00056a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00056a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views857Altmetric-Citations130LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
HUMAN KALLIKREIN-2 GENE POLYMORPHISM IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE OCCURRENCE OF PROSTATE CANCER (2005)

Our results suggest that the C allele of the functional C748T polymorphism of KLK2 may increase the risk of PCa.
Generating electromagnetic Schell-model sources using complex screens with spatially varying auto- and cross-correlation functions (2019)

We present a method to generate any physically realizable electromagnetic Schell-model source. Our technique can be directly implemented on existing vector-beam generators that utilize spatial light modulators for coherence control, beam shaping, and relative phasing. This work significantly extends published research on the subject, where control over the partially coherent source’s cross-spectral density matrix was limited.We begin by presenting the statistical optics theory necessary to derive and implement our method. We then apply our technique, both analytically and in simulation, to produce two electromagnetic Schell-model sources from the literature. We demonstrate control over the full cross-spectral density matrices of both partially coherent beams. We compare the simulated results of these two sources to the corresponding theoretical or designed quantities to validate our approach. We find, through examination of the two-dimensional correlation coefficients, that both sources converge to their desired, ensemble (or by ergodicity, “long-time”) statistics within 500 random field instances.Our method and subsequent findings will be useful in any application where control over beam shape, polarization, and spatial coherence are important. These include but are not limited to free-space/underwater optical communications, directed energy, medicine, atomic optics, and optical tweezers. Keywords: Beam shaping, Coherence, Polarization, Random sources, Schell-model sources, Statistical optics
Neuroprotective Drug Therapy: A Medical and Pharmacological Treatment for Tinnitus Control. (1997)

The role of neuroprotective agents for maintaining or improving inner ear function, specifically for the symptom of tinnitus, is presented on the basis of neurootological, neurological, and neurosurgical clinical experiences. These clinical experiences involved the use of calcium channel blockers, free radical scavengers, corticosteroids, antagonists of glutamate at N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptors, and various thrombolytic agents for the etiologies of ischemia, trauma, and hemorrhage. A pharmacological basis for such drug efficacy includes a property described as neuroprotection. A pathology-based protocol for drug selection is proposed for tinnitus control. The goal of this article is to introduce to the neurootologist or otologist and other professionals attempting tinnitus control neuroprotective drug therapies that are being applied to such central nervous system pathological processes as ischemia, trauma, hemorrhage, and neurodegeneration. The innovative application of such drug therapies for treating the symptom of tinnitus of the severe disabling type is considered. The use of neuroprotective drugs in intratympanic drug therapy via the round window, for treatment of inner ear complaints of hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo, is discussed.
DOC45, a Novel DNA Damage–Regulated Nucleocytoplasmic ATPase That Is Overexpressed in Multiple Human Malignancies (2010)

In this article, we report the characterization of a novel DNA damage-regulated gene, named DNA damage-regulated overexpressed in cancer 45 (DOC45). Our results indicate that DNA damage-inducing agents, including doxorubicin (adriamycin), etoposide, and ionizing and UV radiation, strongly downregulate DOC45 expression, whereas endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducing agents do not. Our results also indicate that DOC45 is overexpressed in several human malignancies, including cancers of the colon, rectum, ovary, lung, stomach, and uterus. DOC45 harbors conserved nucleotide triphosphate-binding motifs and is capable of ATP hydrolysis, findings that highlight its function as a novel ATPase. Although predominantly cytoplasmic, DOC45 exhibits a characteristic nucleocytoplasmic distribution and, on inhibition of nuclear export, predominantly accumulates in the nucleoli. These results suggest that DOC45 may shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm to carry out its function. Our results also indicate that DOC45 expression is enhanced during oncogenic Ras-mediated transformation and that its expression is linked to phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling pathway. Furthermore, short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of DOC45 in human colon cancer cells inhibits their proliferation and enhances cellular sensitivity to doxorubicin-induced cell death, suggesting that DOC45 plays an important role in cell proliferation and survival. Collectively, our results indicate that DOC45 is a novel ATPase that is linked to cellular stress response and tumorigenesis, and may also serve as a valuable tumor marker.
Single-mode integrated-optical 1 × N star couplers (1983)

The distribution of optical signals from one to several points in optical communication networks is necessary. However, problems exist in fabri- eating all fiber single-mode star couplers. In this paper, an integrated-optical version of 1 × N star couplers is presented. It offers the advantages of reproducibility, ease of fabrication, distribution uniformity, and polarization preservation. The principle of operation is based on directional cou- pllng among sets of tapered velocity couplers.1 This method enhances the design objective of minimizing the losses, which are commonly encountered at corner bends or Y-junctions, while allowing for accurate and efficient coupling to single-mode fiber arrays with maximum output power distribution uniformity. The basic geometry is shown in Fig. 1 for three slightly different structures. The three configurations are based on the same concept of distributed coupling between sets of single-mode channels whose spacing is linearly Increased within and beyond the coupling regions. The design allows for uniform spacing of the parallel output channels normal to the edge at which the single-mode fiber array is connected.
Preparation and Characterisation of N,N-Disubstituted 2-Amino-5H-selenophenes (2004)

Abstract The reaction of N,N’-persubstituted selenoacrylamides with alkyl bromoacetates gives rise to the formation of alkyl derivatives of N,N-disubstituted 2-aminoselenophene-5-carboxylates which can be transformed by saponification into corresponding 5-carboxylic acids. These compounds decompose by heating under formation of hitherto unknown N,N-disubstituted 2-amino-5H-selenophenes their spectral and chemical properties were outlined.
Content-oriented categorization of document images (1996)

We have developed a technique that categorizes document images based on their content. Unlike conventional methods that use optical character recognition (OCR), we convert document images into word shape takens, a shape-based representation of words. Because we have only to recognize simple graphical features from image, this process is much faster than OCR. Although the mapping between word shape tokens and words is one-to-many, they are a rich source of information for content characterization. Using a vector space classifier with a scanned document image database, we show that the word shape token-based approach is quite adequate for content-oriented categorization in terms of accuracy compared with conventional OCR-based approaches.
Gadd45β is an inducible coactivator of transcription that facilitates rapid liver growth in mice (2011)

The growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45 (Gadd45) proteins act in many cellular processes. In the liver, Gadd45b (encoding Gadd45β) is the gene most strongly induced early during both compensatory regeneration and drug-induced hyperplasia. The latter response is associated with the dramatic and rapid hepatocyte growth that follows administration of the xenobiotic TCPOBOP (1,4-bis[2-(3,5)-dichoropyridyloxy] benzene), a ligand of the nuclear receptor constitutive androstane receptor (CAR). Here, we have shown that Gadd45b-/- mice have intact proliferative responses following administration of a single dose of TCPOBOP, but marked growth delays. Moreover, early transcriptional stimulation of CAR target genes was weaker in Gadd45b-/- mice than in wild-type animals, and more genes were downregulated. Gadd45β was then found to have a direct role in transcription by physically binding to CAR, and TCPOBOP treatment caused both proteins to localize to a regulatory element for the CAR target gene cytochrome P450 2b10 (Cyp2b10). Further analysis defined separate Gadd45β domains that mediated binding to CAR and transcriptional activation. Although baseline hepatic expression of Gadd45b was broadly comparable to that of other coactivators, its 140-fold stimulation by TCPOBOP was striking and unique. The induction of Gadd45β is therefore a response that facilitates increased transcription, allowing rapid expansion of liver mass for protection against xenobiotic insults.
A Digital Receiver Architecture for Bluetooth in 0.25-<formula formulatype="inline"> <tex>$\mu$</tex></formula>m CMOS Technology and Beyond (2007)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> A digital receiver architecture for short-range communications systems like Bluetooth is presented. The architecture is tailored to a highly integrated Bluetooth single-chip integrated circuit (IC) and can easily be adapted to other communications systems using a Gaussian frequency-shift keying (GFSK ) modulation scheme. The single-chip IC integrates the complete digital baseband and radio frequency (RF) functionality on a single die and is realized in a 0.25-<formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\mu$</tex></formula>m complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technology targeted for cost efficiency. The superior performance of this digital receiver architecture compared to the state-of-the-art short-range communications receivers is shown. Simulation and measurement results are presented showing a receiver sensitivity of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>${-}$</tex></formula>87 dBm and excellent co-channel and adjacent channel interference performance. </para>