gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiprocessor architectures for embedded system-on-chip applications (2004)

Real-time multimedia applications that involve processing of video and audio streams demand computational performance of a few Giga operations per second, which cannot be obtained using a single processor. An embedded system intended for such an application must also support networking and IO interfaces, which are best handled by dedicated interface processors that are coordinated by a housekeeping processor. Dedicated processors may also be necessary for parsing and processing video/audio stream and, video/graphics rendering. In this paper, we provide an overview of multiprocessor architectures that are evolving for such embedded applications. We argue that the VLSI design challenges involved in designing an equivalent uniprocessor solution for the same application may make such a solution prohibitively expensive, making multiprocessor SoC an attractive alternative.
Spatially band-tunable color-cone lasing emission in a dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal with a photoisomerizable chiral dopant (2010)

This study investigates a spatially band-tunable color-cone lasing emission (CCLE) based on a dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal with a photoisomerizable chiral dopant (IBM). Experimental results show that the lasing band of the formed CCLE of the cell with a photoinduced pitch gradient can be spatially tuned among various color regions by adjusting the pumped position of the cell. The spatially band tunability of the laser results from the UV-irradiation-induced decrease of the helical twisting power of IBM via trans-->cis isomerization, accordingly shrinking the pitch of the cholesteric-liquid-crystal host. The total spatially tunable wavelength range for the laser exceeds 100 nm.
Why Should the Prosecutor Get the Last Word (2000)

This article examines reasons the prosecutor should make the closing arguments in the United States. It also examines the importance of closing arguments; the advantages of going first and the scientific bases of primacy; and the advantages of rebuttal.
Active control of stationary random sound fields (1990)

Previous work on the active control of sound has mostly used frequency domain formulations in order to establish the physical limitations of active methods. While entirely adequate for the prediction of the performance of active control systems designed to deal with deterministic primary fields, these methods cannot necessarily be applied in cases where the primary excitation is stationary random in nature. The application of frequency domain techniques often yields results for the optimal control strategy that require the secondary sources to act noncausally with respect to the primary sources. The work described here illustrates classical time domain methods for determining the performance limits of active noise control systems that are constrained to act causally. The first example considered is the minimization of the mean-squared acoustic pressure at a position in the field of a point monopole primary source by the introduction of a point monopole secondary source. The primary source radiates a stationary random signal and the secondary source is constrained to act causally with respect to the primary source. The active control of low-frequency random sound in enclosures is then addressed and the classical Wiener theory extended in order to deal with problems involving the minimization of multiple errors. The active control of a one-dimensional enclosed sound field is presented as a simple example. This theory is also used in presenting a third example that consists of a primary/secondary source pair radiating in a free field. The minimum acoustic power output of the source combination is calculated when the primary source radiates random sound and the secondary source is again constrained to act causally with respect to the primary source.
Thymidine phosphorylase expression in Kaposi sarcoma. (1996)

The strong immunoexpression of TP suggests up-regulation of TP and a role for TP in angiogensis in Kaposi sarcoma. The mechanism for the up-regulation of TP remains unknown, but viral infections may trigger it. The differential staining of the various cell components of Kaposi sarcoma also suggest that TP either plays a role in the differentiation and maturation of Kaposi sarcoma or is a reflection of such changes.
Reduction of common-mode electromagnetic interference in isolated converters using Negative feedback (2006)

In the field of power electronics, there is a trend for pushing up switching frequencies of switched-mode power supplies to reduce volume and weight. This trend causes an increasing level of electromagnetic interference (EMI) emissions. It is well known that common-mode EMI is resulted in by the switching of a parasitic capacitance of transistors, diodes, and transformers the power circuit consists of, which implies current flow to ground (actually the shielding) of the circuit. In this paper a method of common-mode EMI reduction, based on a negative feedback which implies compensating current flow is presented. More specifically, desired EMI reduction in the family of isolated DC/DC converters is achieved by means of a compensating transformer winding and a capacitor. An isolated flyback converter was constructed and tested in the Power laboratory in Tel-Aviv University. Using a spectrum analyzer, it was found that the common-mode EMI created by the parasitic capacitance of the switching transistor decreased between 10 and 15 dB in the low frequency harmonics of the converter.
A two-axis piezoelectric tilting micromirror with a newly developed PZT-meandering actuator (2007)

In this paper, we propose a new mechanical design of piezoelectric unimorph actuator that generate large static deflection angle by accumulating angular displacement in a cascaded piezoelectric cantilever formed in a meandering shape. The new actuator design was adopted in a double-gimbal two-dimensional optical scanner of a 4 mm x 6 mm foot print. The scanner delivered a relatively large static angle of mechanical ±8.6° at an applied voltage of 20 Vdc at a non-resonant operation.
A modular current-mode classifier circuit for template matching application (2000)

In this work, a current-mode Euclidean distance calculator circuit is proposed to play the role of a classifier. This classifier circuit is designed based on a subtracter circuit, an absoluter circuit, a squarer/divider circuit, and a square-rooter/multiplier circuit. The modular design of this classifier allows it to be easily extended for classification application with more input dimensions by doing some proper signal-scaling work due to the dynamic range limited by the square-rooter/multiplier circuit. This classifier circuit has been fabricated with a 0.6 /spl mu/m single-polysilicon double-metal CMOS process. Both simulation results and measurements of the implemented chip are presented to confirm the function of this classifier.
Combined high-dimensional analysis of variance (HANOVA) and sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) to detect buried mines (2000)

We apply high-dimensional analysis of variance (HANOVA) and sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) to detect buried land mines from array ground penetrating radar (GPR) measurements. The GPR array surveys a region of interest in a progressive manner starting at a known position and moving step by step in a fixed direction. Our detection method consists of two stages. Because, at each stop of the array the path lengths are different from every transmitter/receiver pair to a mien target, there exists statistically significant difference among received signals when a mine target is presented. Thus, the first step in our processing consists of a HANOVA test to detect this statistical difference at each stop. HANOVA does not incorporate new data as the GPR array moves down-track. So secondly, we resort to a sequential probability ratio test to look for changes in the HANOVA statistics as the array proceeds down track. The SPRT allows for real-time processing as anew data are obtained by the GPR array. Finally, real sensor data are processed to verify the method.
QT Dynamicity and Sudden Death After Myocardial Infarction: (2003)

Increased diurnal QTe dynamicity is independently predictive of sudden death among patients with myocardial infarction. This simple parameter may help to stratify risk and select patients who may benefit from antiarrhythmic prophylaxis.
United Airlines Station Manpower Planning System (1986)

United Airlines has developed and implemented a computerized station manpower planning system for scheduling shift work at its reservations offices and airports. The system utilizes integer and linear programming and network optimization techniques and encompasses the entire scheduling process from forecasting of requirements to printing employee schedule choices. Since its implementation in 1983, it has been used to develop work schedules for 4,000 employees on a regular basis and is eventually expected to schedule 10,000 employees or 20 percent of United’s total work force. The system has produced direct labor cost savings of over $6 million annually while earning rave reviews from United upper management, operating managers, and affected employees.
Ca<sup>2+</sup>activation and tension cost in myofilaments from mouse hearts ectopically expressing enteric γ-actin (2002)

To determine the significance of actin isoforms in chemomechanical coupling, we compared tension and ATPase rate in heart myofilaments from nontransgenic (NTG) and transgenic (TG) mice in which enteric gamma-actin replaced >95% of the cardiac alpha-actin. Enteric gamma-actin was expressed against three backgrounds: mice expressing cardiac alpha-actin, heterozygous null cardiac alpha-actin mice, and homozygous null cardiac alpha-actin mice. There were no differences in maximum Ca(2+) activated tension or maximum rate of tension redevelopment after a quick release and rapid restretch protocol between TG and NTG skinned fiber bundles. However, compared with NTG controls, Ca(2+) sensitivity of tension was significantly decreased and economy of tension development was significantly increased in myofilaments from all TG hearts. Shifts in myosin isoform population could not fully account for this increase in the economy of force production of TG myofilaments. Our results indicate that an exchange of cardiac alpha-actin with an actin isoform differing in only five amino acids has a significant impact on both Ca(2+) regulation of cardiac myofilaments and the cross-bridge cycling rate.
A chemical oxygen generator using seawater and a chemical oxygen generator using seawater and moderator to control the temperature (2020)

Oxygen is generated from adduct sodium percarbonate in granular form using seawater as the solvent. When the total seawater is increased from 100 ml to 250 ml, the instantaneous flow increases from 1000 ml/min to 3000 ml/min. In spite of the more lively reaction with the additional water, the maximum reaction temperature is reduced from 60 °C to 40 °C. This oxygen generation method without the additional weight of a moderator to control the temperature could be used as the oxygen side of a PEM fuel cell in oxygen-denied environments. Using a moderator, an unexpected effect is observed near the beginning of the reaction in seawater: a flat temperature line that is reproducible. The highly exothermic heat of formation of oxygen from peroxide is temporarily balanced by the endothermic heats of dissolution of the adduct and moderator. This phase transition-like temperature effect is evidence of a 2-step process in solution.
CROSS‐BOREHOLE OBSERVATION OF MODE CONVERSION FROM BOREHOLE STONELEY WAVES TO CHANNEL WAVES AT A COAL LAYER<sup>1</sup> (1990)

A bstract Conversion of borehole Stoneley waves to channel waves was observed in data from a seismic cross‐borehole experiment conducted between wellbores penetrating a thin coal layer at 2022 m depth, near Rifle, Colorado. Traveltime moveout observations show that borehole Stoneley waves underwent partial conversion to channel waves at the coal layer. The channel waves were detected directly in an adjacent borehole 35 m away at receiver positions within the coal. Stoneley waves, subsequently produced by partial conversion of channel waves, were also detected at receiver positions located up to 50 m above and below the coal layer in the adjacent borehole. We infer the channel wave to be the first‐higher Rayleigh mode by comparing the observed group velocity with theoretically derived dispersion curves. Identifying the conversion between borehole and stratigraphically guided waves is significant because coal penetrated by multiple wells may be detected without placing a transmitter or receiver in the coal itself.
Probing the Mechanistic Consequences of 5-Fluorine Substitution on Cytidine Nucleotide Analogue Incorporation by HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase (2003)

Beta-D and beta-L-enantiomers of 2',3'-dideoxycytidine analogues are potent chain-terminators and antimetabolites for viral and cellular replication. Seemingly small modifications markedly alter their antiviral and toxicity patterns. This review discusses previously published and recently obtained data on the effects of 5- and 2'-fluorine substitution on the pre-steady state incorporation of 2'-deoxycytidine-5'-monophosphate analogues by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) in light of their biological activity. The addition of fluorine at the 5-position of the pyrimidine ring altered the kinetic parameters for all nucleotides tested. Only the 5-fluorine substitution of the clinically relevant nucleosides (-)-beta-L-2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thia-5-fluorocytidine (L-FTC, Emtriva), and (+)-beta-D-2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxy-5-fluorocytidine (D-D4FC, Reverset), caused a higher overall efficiency of nucleotide incorporation during both DNA- and RNA-directed synthesis. Enhanced incorporation by RT may in part explain the potency of these nucleosides against HIV-1. In other cases, a lack of correlation between RT incorporation in enzymatic assays and antiviral activity in cell culture illustrates the importance of other cellular factors in defining antiviral potency. The substitution of fluorine at the 2' position of the deoxyribose ring negatively affects incorporation by RT indicating the steric gate of RT can detect electrostatic perturbations. Intriguing results pertaining to drug resistance have led to a better understanding of HIV-1 RT resistance mechanisms. These insights serve as a basis for understanding the mechanism of action for nucleoside analogues and, coupled with studies on other key enzymes, may lead to the more effective use of fluorine to enhance the potency and selectivity of antiviral agents.
Wake-induced galloping of two interfering circular cylinders (1984)

Measurements are presented of fluid-dynamic instability of a smooth circular cylinder, free to oscillate laterally against linear springs in the wake from an identical stationary neighbouring body. The observations also encompassed determination of static forces on the downstream cylinder as functions of relative position of the cylinder pair. Most of the experiments were performed under two conditions of free-stream turbulence. Static tests indicated that both the drag coefficient and the Strouhal number of the downstream body are continuous functions of its relative position. The drag forces were found to be negative at small gaps. It was observed that the transverse extent of the force field increases with increasing streamwise gap. In the dynamic experiments, depending on the cylinders’ separation and structural damping, the cylinder exhibited a vortex-resonance, or a galloping, or a combined vortex-resonance and galloping, or a separated vortex-resonance and galloping. Whilst the characteristics of wake-excited motion were found to be essentially unaffected by a limited change in free-stream turbulence intensity, the galloping amplitudes were observed to be sensitive to the cylinders’ aspect ratio. An increase in the stability parameter caused significant effects on the cylinder response in amplitude domain. Wake observations behind the oscillating body indicated that in vortex lock-in the frequency of vortex-shedding locked to vibration frequency, but during small-amplitude galloping motion the shedding frequency behaved as if the cylinder was stationary.
Regional heterogeneity of α-adrenoreceptor subtypes in arteriolar networks of mouse skeletal muscle (2010)

Activation of vascular adrenoreceptors (ARs) governs the magnitude and distribution of muscle blood flow in accord with the distribution of AR subtypes. Functional studies in the rat cremaster muscle indicate that α1ARs predominate in proximal arterioles (first-order, 1A) while α2ARs predominate in distal arterioles (third-order, 3A). However, little is known of AR subtype distribution in arteriolar networks of locomotor skeletal muscles, particularly in the mouse. We tested the hypotheses that functional AR subtypes exhibit heterogeneity among branches of arteriolar networks in a locomotor muscle and that the nature of this heterogeneity can vary between muscles having diverse functions. In anaesthetized male C57BL/6J mice (3 months old), concentration-response curves (10(-9) m to 10(-5) m, 0.5 log increments) were evaluated in the gluteus maximus muscle superfused with physiological saline solution (35°C, pH 7.4; n ≥ 5 per group). Noradrenaline (NA, non-selective αAR agonist) constricted 1A, 2A and 3A with similar potency and efficacy. Phenylephrine (PE; α1AR agonist) evoked greater (P < 0.05) constriction in 3A (inhibited by 10(-8) m prazosin; α1AR antagonist) while UK 14304 (UK; α2AR agonist) evoked greater (P < 0.05) constriction in 1A (inhibited by 10(-7) m rauwolscine; α2AR antagonist). Isoproterenol (isoprenaline; βAR agonist) dilated 1A, 2A and 3A near-maximally with similar potency and efficacy; these dilatations were inhibited by 10(-7) m propranolol (βAR antagonist) which otherwise had no effect on responses to NA, PE, or UK. Complementary experiments in the mouse cremaster muscle revealed a pattern of αAR subtype distribution that, while distinct from the gluteus maximus muscle, was consistent with that reported for the rat cremaster muscle. We conclude that functional αAR subtype distribution in arteriolar networks of skeletal muscle varies with muscle function as well as vessel branch order.
Comparison Between a One-Point Dilute Phospholipid APTT and the Dilute Russell Viper Venom Time for Verification of Lupus Anticoagulants (1992)

In the present study, the dilute Russell viper venom time (RVVT) and the dilute phospholipid activated partial thromboplastin time (PL-APTT), which are two assays used for the verification of lupus anticoagulants (LA), were modified to increase standardization. The modified assays were then compared with respect to sensitivity and specificity in detecting LA in plasmas from 72 patients with a prolonged APTT. Modifications included utilizing a single dilution of phospholipid that was either bovine brain thromboplastin (Thrombofax) or liposomes comprised of phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylserine, and expressing the results as a ratio of the clotting times of the mixture of patient and normal plasma/clotting time of normal plasma. In the RVVT, the correlation coefficient between assay results for liposomes and Thrombofax was 0.88 and in the PL-APTT, the correlation was 0.68. A positive test for LA was defined as a ratio of greater than or equal to 1.3 for the PL-APTT with liposomes and greater than or equal to 1.2 for the PL-APTT with Thrombofax and the RVVT with Thrombofax or liposomes. Regardless of the phospholipid source in the test system, the PL-APTT demonstrated higher sensitivity and the RVVT showed greater specificity in detecting patient plasmas that contained antiphospholipid antibodies.
The desirability of embedding an expert system shell within a relational DBMS (2002)

An examination is made of the desirability of embedding a rule-based expert system shell entirely within a relational database management system (DBMS). It is argued that embedding a shell can have significant advantages beyond improved access to database tables. The advantages and disadvantages of the system are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Impact of Nitric Oxide Bioavailability on the Progressive Cerebral and Peripheral Circulatory Impairments During Aging and Alzheimer's Disease (2018)

Advanced aging, vascular dysfunction, and nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability are recognized risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the contribution of AD, <i>per se</i>, to this putative pathophysiological mechanism is still unclear. To better answer this point, we quantified cortical perfusion with arterial spin labeling (PVC-CBF), measured ultrasound internal carotid (ICA), and femoral (FA) artery blood flow in a group of patients with similar age (~78 years) but different cognitive impairment (i.e., mild cognitive impairment MCI, mild AD-AD1, moderate AD-AD2, and severe AD-AD3) and compared them to young and healthy old (aged-matched) controls. NO-metabolites and passive leg-movement (PLM) induced hyperemia were used to assess systemic vascular function. Ninety-eight individuals were recruited for this study. PVC-CBF, ICA, and FA blood flow were markedly (range of 9-17%) and significantly (all <i>p</i> < 0.05) reduced across the spectrum from YG to OLD, MCI, AD1, AD2, AD3 subjects. Similarly, plasma level of nitrates and the values of PLM were significantly reduced (range of 8-26%; <i>p</i> < 0.05) among the six groups. Significant correlations were retrieved between plasma nitrates, PLM and PVC-CBF, CA, and FA blood flow. This integrative and comprehensive approach to vascular changes in aging and AD showed progressive changes in NO bioavailability and cortical, extracranial, and peripheral circulation in patients with AD and suggested that they are directly associated with AD and not to aging. Moreover, these results suggest that AD-related impairments of circulation are progressive and not confined to the brain. The link between cardiovascular and the central nervous systems degenerative processes in patients at different severity of AD is likely related to the depletion of NO.
Curriculum and Pedagogy in School Education (2015)

Both curriculum and pedagogy play a significant role for the success of school education,curriculum and pedagogy are indicate respectively the teaching content and teaching methods implemented by teachers.In this paper,the relationship between curriculum and pedagogy will be studied in detail.
Performance of Machines with Flexible Bodies Designed for Biomimetic Locomotion in Liquid Environments (2006)

The self-propelled swimming performance of two prototypes designed to mimic the kinematics of real fish swimming at high Reynolds numbers is presented. The design methodology uses structural compliance instead of discrete assemblies to achieve desired kinematics. Experiments took place at Reynolds numbers between 15×103 and 90×103. A prototype with a thick peduncle, low aspect ratio caudal fin, and uniform material distribution throughout its flexible tail, reached a maximum forward velocity of 0.11ms− 1 that coincided with a maximum thrust of 0.2N. A second prototype with a thin peduncle, high aspect ratio caudal fin, and nonuniform material distribution throughout its tail, reached a maximum forward velocity of 0.31ms− 1 that coincided with a maximum thrust close to 0.11N. Peak velocities and thrusts occured at driving frequencies between 2.7Hz and 3.5Hz for the type of kinematics used, and corresponded to Strouhal numbers close to 1.75 and 0.8 respectively. Mechanism motions were achieved in open loop, hence improvements can be made by implementing closed loop control to correct errors in desired kinematics. Finally, this study shows that simpler, more robust mechanisms, as the ones accomplished with our new design methodology, can display similar or better performance than the state of the art.