gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Propolis Prevents Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia and Mitigates Weight Gain in Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice (2009)

We examined the hypolipidemic effect of propolis in a mouse obesity model induced by a high fat-diet. C57BL/6N mice were fed a high-fat diet ad libitum and given propolis extract intragastrically at 0 mg/kg (control), 5 mg/kg or 50 mg/kg twice daily for 10 d. Compared with mice in the control group, mice in the propolis extract-administrated groups displayed a reduction in all of the following parameters: body weight gain, weight of visceral adipose tissue, liver and serum triglycerides, cholesterol, and non-esterified fatty acids. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of the liver showed down-regulation of mRNA expression associated with fatty acid biosynthesis, including fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha, and sterol regulatory element binding protein in the propolis-administrated mice. Subsequently, obese C57BL/6N mice that had been administered a high-fat diet were given propolis extract at 0 mg/kg (control), 2.5 mg/kg or 25 mg/kg for 4 weeks. The propolis extract treated mice showed a decrease in weight gain, a reduction of serum non-esterified fatty acids, and lipid accumulation in the liver. These results suggest that propolis extract prevented and mitigated high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia by down-regulating the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism.
Biocompatibility of dental materials used in contemporary endodontic therapy: a review. Part 2. Root‐canal‐filling materials (2003)

Root-canal-filling materials are either placed directly onto vital periapical tissues or may leach through dentine. The tissue response to these materials therefore becomes important and may influence the outcome of endodontic treatment. This paper is a review of the biocompatibility of contemporary orthograde and retrograde root-canal-filling materials.
The modulatory capacity of interleukin-21 in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease (2008)

In this review, we discuss recent progress from studies on the biology of IL-21 and the role of this cytokine in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity. Recent studies have demonstrated that IL-21 plays an important and non-redundant role in a number of autoimmune animal models indicating that IL-21 could be a common modulator of the adaptive immune response towards self-tissue constituents in diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, models of rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and type-1 diabetes. Also, the studies on the production of IL-21 in human autoimmune diseases and its behaviour on human cells in vitro are revealing the potential of IL-21 to exacerbate cellular processes that determine the course of autoimmune diseases.
Mucoid Degeneration of Posterior Cruciate Ligament with Secondary Impingement of Anterior Cruciate Ligament: A Rare Case Report. (2016)

Posterior cruciate ligament may enlarge significantly and may push the Anterior Cruciate Ligament in the notch and may lead to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) impingement symptoms. Partial Debulking of Posterior Cruciate Ligament and notchplasty is effective treatment with immediate postoperative pain relief and good functional results.
Implementation of an omnidirectional surveillance system based on 360-degree panoramic vision (2012)

The omnidirectional vision can be achieved by using a convex mirror placed in front of a camera. In this way, the camera acquires a panoramic image that covers 360<sup>o</sup> of the surrounding environment. This concept has been the aim of many researchers and has had various setups so far, using different mirror profiles, camera models and type of lens. Our target was to implement a robust surveillance system, for indoor and outdoor use, day and night vision capable, which could be easily integrated in the IP environment. Both hardware and software for the image processing have been developed in order to achieve our goal.
High Dynamic Range Microwave Photonic Links for RF Signal Transport and RF-IF Conversion (2008)

Two different techniques were used to extend the dynamic range of analog optical links operating at microwave frequencies. The link noise figure was reduced by adjusting the bias point of an external Mach-Zehnder intensity modulator. The link distortion was reduced by linearizing the transfer function of the intensity modulator. Frequency conversion was implemented using an additional optical modulator and electrical local oscillator rather than a conventional electronic mixer. A microwave frequency signal transport link was demonstrated with a spur-free dynamic range (SFDR) of 71 dB in a 500-MHz noise bandwidth. A link with down-conversion from a microwave frequency to an intermediate frequency was demonstrated with an SFDR of 64 dB in a 500-MHz noise bandwidth.
Accelerometer tyre to estimate the aquaplaning state of the tyre-road contact (2015)

Ever increasing amount of Advanced Driver Assisting Systems (ADAS) are being developed to improve the safety of the vehicles. However, the direct information of the tyre-road contact is not available for these systems. An intelligent tyre has been proposed to provide that information in many studies. This paper focuses on water and aquaplaning detection with an intelligent tyre with three triaxial accelerometers attached on the inner liner. A method to detect the tyre-road contact state is introduced and validated with experimental data.
Engineering Aerothermal Analysis for X-34 Thermal Protection System Design (1999)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
Accurate camera-based traffic sign localization (2014)

Traffic signs are the most important elements to control the right of way of intersections. In unknown areas, in dense city traffic, or under poor visibility conditions traffic signals are easily overlooked and ignored unintentionally. This paper provides two methods for absolute traffic sign localization for driver assistance systems. The system consists of a single color camera for the sign recognition, the sign localization algorithm and a GNSS receiver to obtain the vehicle position and heading. One localization method is a bearing-based approach, the second method is a relative localization approach. The accuracy of the two localization methods is evaluated on several road junctions using our concept vehicle Carai.
Beneficial effects of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor after spinal cord injury (2009)

Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor is a serine protease inhibitor produced by various cell types, including neutrophils and activated macrophages, and has anti-inflammatory properties. It has been shown to promote wound healing in the skin and other non-neural tissues, however, its role in central nervous system injury was not known. We now report a beneficial role for secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor after spinal cord injury. After spinal cord contusion injury in mice, secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor is expressed primarily by astrocytes and neutrophils but not macrophages. We show, using transgenic mice over-expressing secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, that this molecule has an early protective effect after spinal cord contusion injury. Furthermore, wild-type mice treated for the first week after spinal cord contusion injury with recombinant secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor exhibit sustained improvement in locomotor control and reduced secondary tissue damage. Recombinant secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor injected intraperitoneally localizes to the nucleus of circulating leukocytes, is detected in the injured spinal cord, reduces activation of nuclear factor-kappaB and expression of tumour necrosis factor-alpha. Administration of recombinant secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor might therefore be useful for the treatment of acute spinal cord injury.
SHP-1 Associates with Both Platelet-derived Growth Factor Receptor and the p85 Subunit of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (1998)

The Src homology 2 (SH2)-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1, SHP-1, is highly expressed in all hematopoietic cells as well as in many non-hematopoietic cells, particularly in some malignant epithelial cell lines. In hematopoietic cells, SHP-1 negatively regulates multiple cytokine receptor pathways. The precise function and the targets of SHP-1 in non-hematopoietic cells, however, are largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that SHP-1 associates with both the tyrosine-phosphorylated platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor and the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in MCF-7 and TRMP cells. Through the use of mutant PDGF receptors and performing peptide competition for immunoprecipitation, it was determined that SHP-1 independently associates with the PDGF receptor and p85 and that its N-terminal SH2 domain is directly responsible for the interactions. Overexpression of SHP-1 in TRMP cells transfected with the PDGF receptor markedly inhibited PDGF-induced c-fos promoter activation, whereas the expression of three catalytically inactive SHP-1 mutants increased the c-fos promoter activation in response to PDGF stimulation. These results indicate that SHP-1 might negatively regulate PDGF receptor-mediated signaling in these cells. Identification of the association of SHP-1 with the PDGF receptor and p85 in MCF-7 and TRMP cells furthers our understanding of the function of SHP-1 in non-hematopoietic cells.
Comparison of methods for removal of ectopy in measurement of heart rate variability (1994)

Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis uses variations in heart rate to assess activity of the autonomic nervous system. Ectopic beats can affect HRV by introducing mathematical artifact into the computations of time- and frequency-domain measures. Exclusion of ectopy-containing segments of data from analysis has been used to correct for ectopy, but this technique eliminates data and may bias HRV measurements if ectopic beats are causally associated with changes in autonomic tone. We have assessed algorithms for correcting for ectopy: deletion, in which ectopic beats are removed from the R-R sequence; linear and cubic spline interpolation; and nonlinear predictive interpolation, in which ectopy-free R-R sequences are used as templates for replacing ectopic beats. The null method (no ectopy correction) was evaluated to determine the importance of ectopy correction. These methods were applied to computer-generated sequences created by adding simulated ventricular premature depolarizations to 5-min ectopy-free R-R sequences. The null method resulted in significant alterations in HRV. Deletion and nonlinear predictive interpolation performed superiorly to linear or cubic spline interpolation, which overestimated low-frequency power and underestimated high-frequency power. Thus ectopy correction is necessary for HRV analysis; deletion of ectopic beats performs as well as or better than more complicated methods for these relatively short data samples.
Embedding Interactions in a Retail Store Environment: The Design and Lessons Learned. (2003)

We developed a steerable interface system that can direct graphical displays to any desirable locations, can capture interactions at any desirable locations, and can track user locations in a 3-dimensional space. This paper discusses a retail store application where we applied this set of advanced technologies to brings more information to users in the shopping context. The paper presents the design challenges for this new interaction paradigm and reports the findings from our design walk-through sessions with users.
Tetanic Stimulation Leads to Increased Accumulation of Ca<sup>2+</sup>/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II via Dendritic Protein Synthesis in Hippocampal Neurons (1999)

mRNA for the alpha-subunit of CaMKII is abundant in dendrites of neurons in the forebrain (Steward, 1997). Here we show that tetanic stimulation of the Schaffer collateral pathway causes an increase in the concentration of alpha-CaMKII in the dendrites of postsynaptic neurons. The increase is blocked by anisomycin and is detected by both quantitative immunoblot and semiquantitative immunocytochemistry. The increase in dendritic alpha-CaMKII can be measured 100-200 micrometer away from the neuronal cell bodies as early as 5 min after a tetanus. Transport mechanisms for macromolecules from neuronal cell bodies are not fast enough to account for this rapid increase in distal portions of the dendrites. Therefore, we conclude that dendritic protein synthesis must produce a portion of the newly accumulated CaMKII. The increase in concentration of dendritic CaMKII after tetanus, together with the previously demonstrated increase in autophosphorylated CaMKII (Ouyang et al., 1997), will produce a prolonged increase in steady-state kinase activity in the dendrites, potentially influencing mechanisms of synaptic plasticity that are controlled through phosphorylation by CaMKII.
Radical-Based Chinese Character Recognition via Multi-Labeled Learning of Deep Residual Networks (2017)

The digitization of Chinese historical documents poses a new challenge that in the huge set of character categories, majority of characters are not in common use now and have few samples for training the character classifiers. To settle this problem, we consider the radical-level composition of Chinese characters, and propose to detect position-dependent radicals using a deep residual network with multi-labeled learning. This enables the recognition of novel characters without training samples if the characters are composed of radicals appearing in training samples. In multi-labeled learning, each training character sample is labeled as positive for each radical it contains, such that after training, all the radicals appearing in the character can be detected. Experimental results on a large-category-set database of printed Chinese characters demonstrate that the proposed method can detect radicals accurately. Moreover, according to radical configurations, our model can credibly recognize novel characters as well as trained characters.
Feasibility of placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells as a tool for studying pregnancy-related disorders (2017)

The cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for pregnancy-related disorders remain unclear. We investigated the feasibility of using placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a tool to study such pregnancy-related disorders. We isolated and expanded adequate numbers of cells with characteristic features of MSCs from the chorionic plate (CP-MSCs), chorionic villi (CV-MSCs), and decidua basalis (DB-MSCs) of human term placental tissues. All placenta-derived MSCs expressed pregnancy-associated C14MC microRNA (miRNA) (miR-323-3p). Interestingly, the placenta-specific C19MC miRNAs (miR-518b and miR517a) were clearly expressed in CP-MSCs and CV-MSCs of foetal origin, but were barely expressed in DB-MSCs of maternal origin. Furthermore, expression levels of placenta-specific C19MC miRNAs in CV-MSCs remained stable during the ex vivo expansion process and across different pregnancy phases (first trimester versus third trimester). High-efficiency siRNA transfection was confirmed in twice-passaged CV-MSCs with little toxicity, and microarray analysis was used to screen for miR-518b target genes. Placenta-derived MSCs, especially CV-MSCs, are a potential tool for investigating the role of placental miRNAs in pregnancy-related disorders.
Designing for crowds (2010)

Designing for spectators and audiences presents new challenges to the design of technology. In this paper we focus our attention on understanding and designing for crowds as a distinct design topic. We present a study of one particular instance of crowd activity---football fans on match day. Close video analysis of interactions within the crowd reveals how crowds seeks to maintain membership through synchronisation of activity, but also how crowd support interaction between its members through co-ordination around shared objects and the 'snowballing' of songs and gestures. Drawing on this data we develop salient topics for HCI design for crowds, such as: reconceptualising interaction design to treat crowds as crowds rather than as groups of individual audience members; understanding intra-crowd interactions, via the use of shared objects and synchronising crowd interactions; and understanding the nature of peripheral participation in crowd activities, and interactions between distinct crowds. We also reflect on conceptual challenges that crowds pose for HCI as it increasingly develops its interests in public settings.
Immunohistochemical identification and synaptic inputs to the diffuse bipolar cell type DB1 in macaque retina (2011)

Detailed analysis of the synaptic inputs to the primate DB1 bipolar cell has been precluded by the absence of a suitable immunohistochemical marker. Here we demonstrate that antibodies for the EF-hand calcium-binding protein, secretagogin, strongly label the DB1 bipolar cell as well as a mixed population of GABAergic amacrine cells in the macaque retina. Using secretagogin as a marker, we show that the DB1 bipolar makes synaptic contact with both L/M as well as S-cone photoreceptors and only minimal contact with rod photoreceptors. Electron microscopy showed that the DB1 bipolar makes flat contacts at both triad-associated and nontriad-associated positions on the cone pedicle. Double labeling with various glutamate receptor subunit antibodies failed to conclusively determine the subunit composition of the glutamate receptors on DB1 bipolar cells. In the IPL, DB1 bipolar cell axon terminals expressed the glycine receptor, GlyRα1, at sites of contact with AII amacrine cells, suggesting that these cells receive input from the rod pathway.
A treatment trade‐off based decision aid for patients with locally advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (2000)

Purpose To describe the structure and use of a decision aid for patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) who are eligible for combined-modality treatment (CMT) or for radiotherapy alone (RT). METHODS: The aid included a structured description of the treatment options and trade-off exercises designed to help clarify the patient's values for the relevant outcomes by determining the patient's survival advantage threshold (the increase in survival conferred by CMT over RT that the patient deemed necessary for choosing CMT). Additional outcome measures included each patient's strength of treatment preference, decisional conflict, objective understanding of survival information, decisional role preference, and evaluation of the aid itself. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients met the eligibility criteria for study. Of these, seven declined the decision aid because they had a clear treatment preference (four chose CMT and three chose RT). The remaining 18 participants completed the decision aid; 16 chose CMT and two chose RT. All 18 patients wished to participate in the decision to some extent. All patients reported that using the decision support was useful to them and recommended its use for others. No patient or physician reported that the aid interfered with the physician-patient relationship. Patients' 3-year survival advantage thresholds, and their median survival advantage thresholds, were each strongly correlated with their strengths of treatment preference (rho=0.80, P < 0.001 and rho=0.77, P < 0.001, respectively). For all but one patient, either their 3-year or median survival threshold was consistent with their final treatment choice. Eight patients reported a stronger treatment preference after using the decision aid. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that a treatment trade-off based decision aid for patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer is feasible, that it demonstrates internal consistency and convergent validity, and that it is favourably evaluated by patients and their physicians. The aid seems to help patients understand the benefits and risks of treatment and to choose the treatment that is most consistent with their values.
Lifetime-sensitive modulo scheduling (1993)

This paper shows how to software pipeline a loop for minimal register pressure without sacrificing the loop's minimum execution time. This novel bidirectional slack-scheduling method has been implemented in a FORTRAN compiler and tested on many scientific benchmarks. The empirical results—when measured against an absolute lower bound on execution time, and against a novel schedule-independent absolute lower bound on register pressure—indicate near-optimal performance.
Dual-parameter Measurement Based on Multiple Acoustic Modes in SBS Process (2016)

A dual-parameter measurement method is proposed, utilizing the multi-peak BGS contributed by multiple acoustic modes in stimulated Brillouin scattering process. A fivefold enhancement in measurement sensitivity may be achieved for temperature and strain.
A Unified Conversational Assistant Framework for Business Process Automation (2020)

Business process automation is a booming multi-billion-dollar industry that promises to remove menial tasks from workers' plates -- through the introduction of autonomous agents -- and free up their time and brain power for more creative and engaging tasks. However, an essential component to the successful deployment of such autonomous agents is the ability of business users to monitor their performance and customize their execution. A simple and user-friendly interface with a low learning curve is necessary to increase the adoption of such agents in banking, insurance, retail and other domains. As a result, proactive chatbots will play a crucial role in the business automation space. Not only can they respond to users' queries and perform actions on their behalf but also initiate communication with the users to inform them of the system's behavior. This will provide business users a natural language interface to interact with, monitor and control autonomous agents. In this work, we present a multi-agent orchestration framework to develop such proactive chatbots by discussing the types of skills that can be composed into agents and how to orchestrate these agents. Two use cases on a travel preapproval business process and a loan application business process are adopted to qualitatively analyze the proposed framework based on four criteria: performance, coding overhead, scalability, and agent overlap.
Workplace health and safety: Duties owed by fellow trades under the scaffolding and lifts legislation (2014)

Two recent decisions of the ACT Supreme Court have raised some uncertainty about the scope of the statutory duty owed by fellow trades under the Scaffolding and Lifts legislation.
Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide May Enhance Fatty Acid Re-esterification in Subcutaneous Abdominal Adipose Tissue in Lean Humans (2010)

In conclusion, GIP in combination with hyperinsulinemia and slight hyperglycemia increased adipose tissue blood flow, glucose uptake, and FFA re-esterification, thus resulting in increased TAG deposition in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue.
Micromechanical Models of the Cochlea (1992)

Understanding human perception is at the forefront of scientific research goals today. The development of robots, virtual reality, speech coders and speech recognition devices depends on a good understanding of how we hear. The cochlea is the part of the inner ear that converts acoustic signals to the neural code that conveys auditory information to the brain. Modeling the function of the cochlea has been an active area of research since the development of the digital computer, yet several mysteries remain.