gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mice Develop Effective but Delayed Protective Immune Responses When Immunized as Neonates either Intranasally with Nonliving VP6/LT(R192G) or Orally with Live Rhesus Rotavirus Vaccine Candidates (2006)

Rotavirus vaccines are delivered early in life, when the immune system is immature. To determine the effects of immaturity on responses to candidate vaccines, neonatal (7 days old) and adult mice were immunized with single doses of either Escherichia coli-expressed rotavirus VP6 protein and the adjuvant LT(R192G) or live rhesus rotavirus (RRV), and protection against fecal rotavirus shedding following challenge with the murine rotavirus strain EDIM was determined. Neonatal mice immunized intranasally with VP6/LT(R192G) were unprotected at 10 days postimmunization (dpi) and had no detectable rotavirus B-cell (antibody) or CD4(+) CD8(+) T-cell (rotavirus-inducible, Th1 [gamma interferon and interleukin-2 {IL-2}]-, Th2 [IL-5 and IL-4]-, or ThIL-17 [IL-17]-producing spleen cells) responses. However, by 28 and 42 dpi, these mice were significantly (P >or= 0.003) protected and contained memory rotavirus-specific T cells but produced no rotavirus antibody. In contrast, adult mice were nearly fully protected by 10 dpi and contained both rotavirus immunoglobulin G and memory T cells. Neonates immunized orally with RRV were also less protected (P=0.01) than adult mice by 10 dpi and produced correspondingly less rotavirus antibody. Both groups contained few rotavirus-specific memory T cells. Protection levels by 28 dpi for neonates or adults were equal, as were rotavirus antibody levels. This report introduces a neonatal mouse model for active protection studies with rotavirus vaccines. It indicates that, with time, neonatal mice develop full protection after intranasal immunization with VP6/LT(R192G) or oral immunization with a live heterologous rotavirus and supports reports that protection depends on CD4(+) T cells or antibody, respectively.
A broadband pulsed radio frequency electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometer for biological applications (1998)

A time-domain radio frequency (rf) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometer/imager (EPRI) capable of detecting and imaging free radicals in biological objects is described. The magnetic field was 10 mT which corresponds to a resonance frequency of 300 MHz for paramagnetic species. Short pulses of 20–70 ns from the signal generator, with rise times of less than 4 ns, were generated using high speed gates, which after amplification to 283 Vpp, were deposited into a resonator containing the object of interest. Cylindrical resonators containing parallel loops at uniform spacing were used for imaging experiments. The resonators were maintained at the resonant frequency by tuning and matching capacitors. A parallel resistor and overcoupled circuit was used to achieve Q values in the range 20–30. The transmit and receive arms were isolated using a transmit/receive diplexer. The dead time following the trailing edge of the pulse was about 450 ns. The first stage of the receive arm contained a low noise, high gain and fast recovery amplifier, suitable for detection of spin probes with spin-spin relaxation times (T2) in the order of μs. Detection of the induction signal was carried out by mixing the signals in the receiver arm centered around 300 MHz with a local oscillator at a frequency of 350 MHz. The amplified signals were digitized and summed using a 1 GHz digitizer/summer to recover the signals and enhance the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The time-domain signals were transformed into frequency-domain spectra, using Fourier transformation (FT). With the resonators used, objects of size up to 5 cm3 could be studied in imaging experiments. Spatial encoding of the spins was accomplished by volume excitation of the sample in the presence of static field gradients in the range of 1.0–1.5 G/cm. The spin densities were produced in the form of plane integrals and images were reconstructed using standard back-projection methods. The image resolution of the phantom objects containing the spin probe surrounded by lossy biologic medium was better than 0.2 mm with the gradients used. To examine larger objects at local sites, surface coils were used to detect and image spin probes successfully. The results from this study indicate the potential of rf FT EPR for in vivo applications. In particular, rf FT EPR may provide a means to obtain physiologic information such as tissue oxygenation and redox status.
Reduced State Estimator For Systems With Parametric Inputs (2004)

A reduced state estimator is derived for systems with bounded parameters as inputs. Optimal filter gains are derived for minimizing the total covariance of the estimation error due to measurement noise and parameter uncertainty. It is shown that these filter gains for a two-state system with a Gaussian parameter satisfy the Kalata relation in steady state. Equations are also derived for optimally filtering measurements in arbitrary time order. This reduced state estimator offers novelties over a traditional Kalman filter in its application to the class of problems considered. The total error covariance, which is minimized, makes no use of plant noise. Furthermore, the filter is easier to optimize in high dimensional and multiple sensor applications as well as in processing out-of-sequence measurements.
42.2:<i>Invited Paper:</i>Multi‐Force Touch Technology Augmenting Capacitive Touch in Displays (2019)

This paper presents a new multi‐force touch technology that augments standard capacitive touch sensing in flat panel, and potentially flexible, displays. It uses an augmented approach and yields both location and force in a single‐signal, which is then separated and conditioned using unique analog and digital signal processing algorithms. Location‐by‐force is intrinsic to this new UltraTouch technology, thus enabling stylus‐independent, under‐water interactivity. In view of the simplicity in stack‐up architecture, the technology is compatible to roll‐to‐roll touch panel production lines, scalable to large areas, and importantly, low in cost.
Lapped orthogonal vector quantization (2002)

The blocking artifacts that arise in the use of traditional vector quantization (VQ) schemes can, in general, be virtually eliminated via an efficient lapped VQ strategy. With lapped VQ, blocks are obtained from the source in an overlapped manner, and reconstructed via superposition of overlapped codevectors. The new scheme, which we term lapped orthogonal vector quantization (LOVQ), requires no increase in bit rate and, in contrast to other proposed approaches, no significant increase in computational complexity or memory requirements. Attractively, the use of LOVQ also leads to a modest increase in coding gain over traditional VQ schemes of comparable complexity.
PRF-ambiguity resolving by wavelength diversity (1991)

For high-precision synthetic aperture radar (SAR) processing, the determination of the Doppler centroid is indispensable. The Doppler frequency estimated from azimuth spectra, however, suffers from the fact that the data are sampled with the pulse repetition frequency (PRF) and an ambiguity about the correct PRF band remains. A novel algorithm to resolve this ambiguity is proposed. It uses the fact that the Doppler centroid depends linearly on the transmitted radar frequency for a given antenna squint angle. This dependence is not subject to PRF ambiguities. It can be measured by Fourier-transforming the SAR data in the range direction and estimating the Doppler centroid at each range frequency. The achievable accuracy is derived theoretically and verified with Seasat data of different scene content. The algorithm works best with low contrast scenes, where the conventional look correlation technique fails. It needs no iterative processing of the SAR data and causes only low computational load.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Electric field focusing and shifting technique in deep brain stimulation using a dynamic tripolar current source (2010)

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a widely accepted clinical tool adopted for the treatment of a number of motor disorders. Despite its clinical efficacy, its underlying mechanisms have not been yet fully understood. One major issue that we identify as partly responsible for this lack of understanding is related to the poor control over the size, shape and location of the distribution of the depolarizing field around the electrode. With this and a parallel work the authors are proposing to develop and implement techniques that would allow for some degree of control over the distribution of the potential fields. This paper presents the application to DBS of a technique based on a tripolar current source configuration, with adjustable current flow through the lateral (anodic) branches of the tripole. The behavior of potential fields in the tissue were simulated by adopting FEM models of DBS electrode implanted in brain tissue. The profiles of simulated and measured fields were in agreement and they have shown how a dynamic tripolar current source can be adopted to obtain increase the focus and control the location of distribution of the fields around the electrode.
A beam-shifting slab implemented using printed, tensor TL metamaterials (2012)

This paper presents the implementation of a beam-shifting slab (a transformation optics device) using tensor transmission-line (TL) metamaterials. The slab consists of printed unit cells exhibiting anisotropic effective material parameters, while the surrounding medium consists of printed isotropic unit cells. The measured electric field patterns within the beam-shifting slab and the surrounding media show close agreement with simulation. The results experimentally verify the anisotropic properties of tensor TL metamaterials and open new opportunities to design transformation optics devices at microwave frequencies.
Targeting the myeloid checkpoint receptor SIRPα potentiates innate and adaptive immune responses to promote anti-tumor activity (2020)

The in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of hAB21 broadly recapitulates that of CD47 targeted therapies despite differences in ligand expression, binding partners, and function, validating the CD47-SIRPα axis as a fundamental myeloid checkpoint pathway and its blockade as promising therapeutic intervention for treatment of human malignancies.
<title>Method for NDE of thermal embrittlement of duplex stainless steels</title> (1996)

To verify and maintain the integrity of duplex stainless steels currently in service, we conducted a study in order to develop a method to nondestructively estimate their Charpy-impact energy at room temperature. Hardness of the ferrite phase was found to be a reliable indicator of the process of embrittlement during long-term heating for duplex stainless steels, but further information on the ferrite phase and the austenite phase is required for the estimation of Charpy-impact energy. An equation involving the hardness values of the ferrite and austenite phases,the ferrite content, and the average spacing of ferrite phase islands was found to be applicable in the nondestructive estimation of Charpy-impact energy at room temperature.
Sulfate Attack on Concrete Containing Fly Ash (1989)

The use of fly ash as a portland cement replacement in concrete may provide many technical and economic advantages. One such technical advantage is to improve the resistance of concrete to sulfate attack. However, this benefit is not realized with all types of fly ash. Some fly ashes have been shown to reduce the sulfate resistance of concrete and others may have no effect on the durability of concrete in sulfate environments. In order to clarify the effect of fly ash on concrete exposed to sulfates, a study is being conducted using 14 different fly ashes from bituminous, subbituminous and lignite sources. The fly ashes have been catalogued by chemical and crystalline phase composition.
Cell culture media supplementation of bioflavonoids for the targeted reduction of acidic species charge variants on recombinant therapeutic proteins (2015)

Charge variants in recombinant proteins are an important series of protein modifications, whose potential role on protein stability, activity, immunogenicity, and pharmacokinetics continues to be studied. Monoclonal antibodies in particular have been shown to have a wide range of acidic species variants, including those associated with the addition of covalent modifications as well as the chemical degradation at specific peptide regions on the antibody. These variants play a significant role toward the overall heterogeneity of recombinant therapeutic proteins and are typically monitored during manufacturing to ensure they lie within proven acceptable ranges. In this work, it has been found that the supplementation of members of the bioflavonoid chemical family into mammalian cell culture media was effective toward the reduction of acidic species charge variants on recombinant monoclonal antibodies and dual variable domain immunoglobulins. The demonstrated reduction in acidic species through the use of bioflavonoids facilitates the manufacturing of a less heterogeneous product with potential improvements in antibody structure and function.
Speech synthesizing apparatus (1990)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Hiroshi Shigehara, Fuminari Tanaka; Speech synthesizing apparatus. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 July 1990; 88 (1): 592. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.399875 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
6α-Substituted penicillins (1974)

P. H. Bentley and J. P. Clayton, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1974, 278 DOI: 10.1039/C39740000278
Non electric power steelmaking with carbon powder and oxygen. (1985)

A new scrap melting technology depending on combustion of carbon powder has been designed and operated in the Central Research Laboratory of Daido Steel. The experimental melting furnace having a capacity of 1 ton is named Reactor, and uses pulverized coke or coal and oxygen for the heat source. They are simultaneously injected into the molten iron. A considerable part of the generated CO gas is burnt to CO2 by the upper blown oxygen, for heating up the bath to melt the continuously added scrap.Further, the energy of the waste gas is utilized to scrap pre-heating.As the volume of the molten iron increases to a prearranged level, a part of the melt is tapped. Through the test melting, the important operation factors to be controlled became clear to produce successful results.The heat efficiency has attained to the level of 32%, which is expected to be more than 45% in larger furnaces.
Single-step, quantitative x-ray differential phase contrast imaging using spectral detection in a coded aperture setup (2015)

In this abstract we describe the first non-interferometric x-ray phase contrast imaging (PCI) method that uses only a single-measurement step to retrieve with quantitative accuracy absorption, phase and differential phase. Our approach is based on utilizing spectral information from photon counting spectral detectors in conjunction with a coded aperture PCI setting to simplify the x-ray “phase problem” to a one-step method. The method by virtue of being single-step with no motion of any component for a given projection image has significantly high potential to overcome the barriers currently faced by PCI.
Folded waveguide gyrotron traveling-wave-tube amplifier (1995)

A compact, low cost gyrotron traveling-wave-tube (gyro-TWT) amplifier capable of producing high-power, broadband, millimeter wave radiation is reported. The interaction circuit is a periodic, magnetic field plane (H plane) bend, transverse folded waveguide employed with a high-power axis-encircling electron beam. Transverse beam modulation and wave amplification in the folded waveguide gyro-TWT are observed in both linear theory and large signal simulations. Calculations from an equivalent circuit model and a three-dimensional electromagnetic code predict a mode coalescing of the first stop-band in a periodic structure. The mode coalescing is verified from experimental measurements.
Plasma display based on XeF excimer fluorescence (1986)

Using a conventional ac plasma panel filled with a mixture containing Xe and F <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> , visible emission from the XeF "excimer" molecule has been demonstrated at luminance levels higher than those observed for the standard Ne-Penning mixture/MgO surface combination operating at the same repetition frequency. A novel aspect of XeF excimer emission is the ability to change color by a simple change in mixture composition. Color can be varied continuously from pink through white to blue while retaining the luminance at an essentially constant level.
Advanced compressed elastomer dampers for earthquake hazard reduction to steel frames (2012)

Kontopanos (2006) investigated the cyclic behavior of an elastomeric damper made from an ultra-high damped elastomer. The elastomeric material was pre-compressed into structural tubes which could provide viscous like damping under small strains and friction like damping under large strains.
Efficient propagation of single cells accutase‐dissociated human embryonic stem cells (2007)

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) hold great promise for cell-based therapies and drug screening applications. However, growing and processing large quantities of undifferentiated hESCs is a challenging task. Conventionally, hESCs are passaged as clusters, which can limit their growth efficiency and use in downstream applications. This study demonstrates that hESCs can be passaged as single cells using Accutase, a formulated mixture of digestive enzymes. In contrast to trypsin treatment, Accutase treatment does not significantly affect the viability and proliferation rate of hESC dissociation into single cells. Accutase-dissociated single cells can be separated by FACS and proliferate as fully pluripotent hESCs. An Oct4-eGFP reporter construct engineered into hESCs was used to monitor the pluripotency of hESCs passaged with Accutase. Compared to collagenase-passaged hESCs, Accutase-treated cultures contained a larger proportion of undifferentiated (Oct4-positive) cells. Additionally, Accutase-passaged undifferentiated hESCs could be grown as monolayers without the need for monitoring and/or selection for quality hESC colonies.
Plasma MicroRNAs as Novel Biomarkers for Patients with Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Pancreas (2015)

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most fatal cancers worldwide, partly because methods are lacking to detect disease at an early, operable stage. Noninvasive PDAC precursors called intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) exist, and strategies are needed to aid in their proper diagnosis and management. Data support the importance of miRNAs in the progression of IPMNs to malignancy, and we hypothesized that miRNAs may be shed from IPMN tissues and detected in blood. Our primary goals were to measure the abundance of miRNAs in archived preoperative plasma from individuals with pathologically confirmed IPMNs and healthy controls and discover plasma miRNAs that distinguish between IPMN patients and controls and between "malignant" and "benign" IPMNs. Using novel nCounter technology to evaluate 800 miRNAs, we showed that a 30-miRNA signature distinguished 42 IPMN cases from 24 controls [area underneath the curve (AUC) = 74.4; 95% confidence interval (CI), 62.3-86.5, P = 0.002]. The signature contained novel miRNAs and miRNAs previously implicated in pancreatic carcinogenesis that had 2- to 4-fold higher expression in cases than controls. We also generated a 5-miRNA signature that discriminated between 21 malignant (high-grade dysplasia and invasive carcinoma) and 21 benign (low- and moderate-grade dysplasia) IPMNs (AUC = 73.2; 95% CI, 57.6-73.2, P = 0.005), and showed that paired plasma and tissue samples from patients with IPMNs can have distinct miRNA expression profiles. This study suggests feasibility of using new cost-effective technology to develop a miRNA-based blood test to aid in the preoperative identification of malignant IPMNs that warrant resection while sparing individuals with benign IPMNs the morbidity associated with overtreatment.
An Investigation of the Antitumor Activity of Sesbania drummondii (1981)

Extracts of Sesbania drummondii (Rydb.) Cory seed are active in vivo in the P-388 lymphocytic leukemia system and cytotoxic in the KB assay. Systematic fractionation of S. drummondii has yielded sesbanine (1), a novel spirocyclic alkaloid based on the 2,7-naphthyridine nucleus, and drummondol (2), a new abscisic acid (5) metabolite. Sesbanine and drummondol are present in highly cytotoxic fractions; however, these purified compounds are essentially devoid of antitumor activity
A distribution management system for implementing synthetic regulation reserve (2017)

With high renewable integration and changing consumer patterns, it has become hard to predict fast load deviations using historic data. To ensure acceptable frequency, the industry must rely on many small end users providing synthetic reserves instead of on requiring regulation reserves by generators. In this paper, a distribution management system is introduced to support such regulation services. Mathematical formulations of both end-user decision making to bid and the coordinating mechanism for bid clearing are defined. A droop-based physical implementation of bids is elucidated. Finally, a real world microgrid system is used to demonstrate potential benefits obtainable by participation of consumer devices in energy and/or regulation reserve market. Open questions remain such as representation of uncertainties and their impact on outcomes.
Factors controlling the molecular modification of one-dimensional zeolites (2021)

Interactions between organic molecules and inorganic materials are ubiquitous in many applications and often play significant roles in directing pathways of crystallization. It is frequently debated whether kinetics or thermodynamics plays a more prominent role in the ability of molecular modifiers to impact crystal nucleation and growth processes. In the case of nanoporous zeolites, approaches in rational design often capitalize on the ability of organics, used as either modifiers or structure-directing agents, to markedly impact the physicochemical properties of zeolites. It has been demonstrated for multiple topologies that modifier-zeolite interactions can alter crystal size and morphology, yet few studies have distinguished the roles of thermodynamics and kinetics. We use a combination of calorimetry and molecular modeling to estimate the binding energies of organics on zeolite surfaces and correlate these results with synthetic trends in crystal morphology. Our findings reveal unexpectedly small energies of interaction for a range of modifiers with two zeolite structures, indicating the effect of organics on zeolite crystal surface free energy is minor and kinetic factors most likely govern growth modification.