gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Erythrina Protease Inhibitor: Interactions with Tissue Plasminogen Activator (1991)

The Kunitz-type trypsin and tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA)-inhibitor from Erythrina caffra seeds was cleaved by trypsin at low pH to yield a disulphide linked two-chain molecule with reduced hydrophobicity. This change was used to separate cleaved from native inhibitor by phenyl-Sepharose chromatography. The inhibitor was not cleaved by t-PA. Trypsin, but not t-PA, catalysed resynthesis of the cleaved bond. Although the cleaved protein retained inhibitory activity for both trypsin and t-PA, 6-10 times higher concentrations were required for equivalent inhibition. Removal of the active site arginine (Arg63) from the cleaved inhibitor by digestion with carboxypeptidase B resulted in a further loss of inhibitory activity towards both proteases. The activity of the inhibitor could also be decreased by modification of one susceptible arginine residue with peptidyl arginine deiminase. These results suggest that the trypsin-reactive site of the Erythrina inhibitor is also involved in the interaction between the inhibitor and t-PA.
Petroleomics: A Test Bed for Ultra-High-Resolution Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (2010)

Within a relative abundance dynamic range of approximately 10,000:1, the world's most compositionally complex organic mixture is petroleum crude oil. As such, it provides the most challenging target for mass spectral resolution and identification of molecules below m/z 2000. The mass "splits" in petroleum include most of those that also appear in proteomics, metabolomics and other complex organic mixture analysis. Therefore, petroleum provides an excellent test bed for optimizing mass spectrometer performance in general. The presence of multiple elemental compositions spanning less than 1 Da in mass facilitates mapping and correction of rf phase variation across a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrum, as well as exposing otherwise inaccessible systematic mass deviations, for additional improvement in mass resolving power and mass accuracy by a factor of up to 5. Internal mass calibration, combined with systematic peak assignment for successive homologous series, enables automated elemental composition assignment of tens of thousands of peaks in a single mass spectrum.
Zonula Occludens Toxin Structure-Function Analysis (2001)

Zonula occludens toxin (Zot) is an enterotoxin elaborated by Vibrio cholerae that increases intestinal permeability by interacting with a mammalian cell receptor with subsequent activation of intracellular signaling leading to the disassembly of the intercellular tight junctions. Zot localizes in the bacterial outer membrane of V. cholerae with subsequent cleavage and secretion of a carboxyl-terminal fragment in the host intestinal milieu. To identify the Zot domain(s) directly involved in the protein permeating effect, several zot gene deletion mutants were constructed and tested for their biological activity in the Ussing chamber assay and their ability to bind to the target receptor on intestinal epithelial cell cultures. The Zot biologically active domain was localized toward the carboxyl terminus of the protein and coincided with the predicted cleavage product generated by V. cholerae. This domain shared a putative receptor-binding motif with zonulin, the Zot mammalian analogue involved in tight junction modulation. Amino acid comparison between the Zot active fragment and zonulin, combined with site-directed mutagenesis experiments, confirmed the presence of an octapeptide receptor-binding domain toward the amino terminus of the processed Zot.
Prohibitin overexpression in adipocyte induces mitochondrial biogenesis, leads to obesity development and affects whole‐body metabolism in a gender specific manner (765.3) (2014)

Objective: Adipocyte is the primary cell in the body where excess energy is stored as triglycerides. To perform this specialized function adipocytes rely on their mitochondria. However, the role of adipocyte mitochondria in the regulation of adipose tissue homeostasis and its impact on metabolic regulation is not understood. Results: We developed a transgenic mouse model, namely “Mito‐Ob”, overexpressing prohibitin in adipocytes. Mito‐Ob mice developed obesity due to upregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis in adipocytes. Interestingly, Mito‐Ob female mice developed more visceral fat than Mito‐Ob male mice. However, female mic preserved insulin sensitivity and had high adiponectin levels, whereas male mice became insulin resistant, had compromised brown adipose tissue structure and function and low adiponectin levels. Mechanistically, we found that prohibitin overexpression enhances the crosstalk between mitochondria and nucleus and facilitates mitochondrial biogenesis. Conclusions: Our data suggests a critical role of prohibitin and adipocyte mitochondria in adipose tissue homeostasis and reveals gender differences on the effect of adipocyte mitochondrial remodeling on whole‐body metabolism. Targeting adipocyte mitochondria may provide new therapeutic opportunities for obesity treatment.
Quality metric for H.264/AVC scalable video coding with full scalability (2007)

Scalable Video Coding (SVC) is one of the promising techniques to ensure Quality of Service (QoS) in multimedia communication through heterogeneous networks. SVC compresses a raw video into multiple bitstreams composed of a base bitstream and enhancement bitstreams to support multi scalabilities such as SNR, temporal and spatial. Therefore, it is able to extract an appropriate bitstream from original coded bitstream without re-encoding to adapt a video to user environment. In this flexible environment, QoS has appeared as an important issue for service acceptability. Therefore, there has been a need for measuring a degree of video quality to guarantee the quality of video streaming service. Existing studies on the video quality metric have mainly focused on temporal and SNR scalability. In this paper, we propose an efficient quality metric, which allows for spatial scalability as well as temporal and SNR scalability. To this end, we study the effect of frame rate, SNR, spatial scalability and motion characteristics by using the subjective quality assessment, and then a new video quality metric supporting full scalability is proposed. Experimental results show that this quality metric has high correlation with subjective quality. Because the proposed metric is able to measure a degree of video quality according to the variation of scalability, it will play an important role at the extraction point for determining the quality of SVC.
A process variation compensating technique with an on-die leakage current sensor for nanometer scale dynamic circuits (2006)

This paper describes a process compensating dynamic (PCD) circuit technique for maintaining the performance benefit of dynamic circuits and reducing the variation in delay and robustness. A variable strength keeper that is optimally programmed based on the die leakage, enables 10% faster performance, 35% reduction in delay variation, and 5times reduction in the number of robustness failing dies, compared to conventional designs. A new leakage current sensor design is also presented that can detect leakage variation and generate the keeper control signals for the PCD technique. Results based on measured leakage data show 1.9-10.2times higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and reduced sensitivity to supply and p-n skew variations compared to prior leakage sensor designs
Generative Networks for Synthesizing Human Videos in Text-Defined Outfits (2019)

Generating a video from a textual input is a challenging research topic that would have a variety of applications in industries such as retail, e-commerce, online entertainment, education etc. In this paper, we discuss the application of generating videos of a human subject in a desired outfit using an input video of the subject. We present a two stage solution, wherein at the first stage a generative model is learned such that, given the subject's image and a textual description of the outfit, a corresponding image of the subject in the described outfit is synthesized. At the second stage, all the frames of the subject's video are individually processed by the stage 1 model to generate corresponding frames and an optical flow based post processing step is performed to maintain visual coherence across the generated frames. Towards the stage-1 objective, multiple supervised and unsupervised convolutional neural network (CNN) based generative models have been proposed. A novel approach to inject an external masking layer that maintains the structural integrity of the generated images is also presented. We train and test the different methods on the publicly available multi-view clothing image data-set and the performance in videos is showcased on a set of real-world commercial videos. The experiments show the efficacy of our approach in generating images/videos in both low (64 × 64) and high (256 × 256) resolutions.
High-brightness pump sources using 2D VCSEL arrays (2010)

Many applications require laser pump sources with high output power (tens to hundreds of Watts) in the smallest spot, with the smallest divergence. Such high-brightness pump sources typically use edge-emitting semiconductor lasers. However, it is also possible to use high-power two-dimensional vertical-cavity surfaceemitting laser (VCSEL) arrays for this purpose. Using a single 976nm 2D VCSEL array chip in an external cavity configuration, combined with a matching micro-lens array, we have demonstrated more than 30W output power from a 50μm/0.22NA fiber, corresponding to a brightness of 10MW/cm<sup>2</sup>.sr. This represents a substantial reduction in module complexity compared to edge-emitter based modules with similar brightness. These novel high-brightness pump sources exhibit some well-known intrinsic VCSEL performance features such as wavelength stability and narrow spectrum. Power and brightness can be scaled up using polarization and spectral combining.
Prediction, Expectation, and Surprise: Methods, Designs, and Study of a Deployed Traffic Forecasting Service (2012)

We present research on developing models that forecast traffic flow and congestion in the Greater Seattle area. The research has led to the deployment of a service named JamBayes, that is being actively used by over 2,500 users via smartphones and desktop versions of the system. We review the modeling effort and describe experiments probing the predictive accuracy of the models. Finally, we present research on building models that can identify current and future surprises, via efforts on modeling and forecasting unexpected situations.
Effect of the Injection Pressure on Enhancing Oil Recovery in Shale Cores during the CO<sub>2</sub> Huff-n-Puff Process When It Is above and below the Minimum Miscibility Pressure (2017)

In CO2 injection, there is a minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) above that CO2 can be miscible with oil, so that oil recovery will be high. This paper is to investigate the effect of the injection pressure on enhanced oil recovery in shale oil cores under huff-n-puff CO2 injection, when the pressure is above and below the MMP. We first estimated the MMP for a Wolfcamp oil using slimtube tests. The slimtube test results showed that the estimated MMP for the CO2–Wolfcamp crude oil system was about 1620 psi at 104 °F. After that, we conducted 15 CO2 huff-n-puff experiments using three different Wolfcamp shale cores at pressures below and above the MMP. These pressures were 1200, 1600, 1800, 2000, and 2400 psi. Each huff-n-puff test has 7 cycles. The huff-n-puff experiments for three cores showed that, below the MMP, the injection pressure had a significant effect on enhancing oil recovery. Higher than the MMP, the increased pressure further increased the oil recovery until the injection pressure was about 200 psi higher than the MMP. In the extremely low-permeability shale oil cores, additional pressure is needed to push gas into the deeper core to be miscible with the crude oil inside the core. The results indicated that, to have a high oil recovery in shale oil reservoirs during the CO2 huff-n-puff process, the injection pressure should be higher (at least 200 psi in this case) than the MMP estimated from slimtube tests.
Genetically controlled cell lysis in the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae (1999)

The cell wall of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a tough, rigid structure, which presents a significant barrier to the release of native or recombinant proteins from this biotechnologically important organism. There is hence a need to develop inexpensive and efficient methods of lysing yeast cells in order to release their intracellular contents. To develop such a method, a tightly regulated promoter, pMET3, has been used to control three genes involved in cell wall biogenesis: PDE2, SRB1/PSA1, and PKC1. Two of these regulation cassettes, pMET3-SRB1/PSA1 and pMET3-PKC1, have been integrated at the chromosomal loci of the respective genes in order to overcome problems of plasmid instability. Although repression of PDE2 did not cause cell lysis, cells depleted of Srb1p/Psa1p gradually lost their viability and integrity, releasing about 10% of total protein into the medium. Repression of PKC1 led to extensive cell lysis, accompanied by the release of 45% of cellular protein into the medium. A double mutant, carrying both pMET3-SRB1/PSA1 and pMET3-PKC1 cassettes in place of SRB1/PSA1 and PKC1, was constructed and found to permit the efficient release of both homologous and heterologous proteins. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,
Microstructure Evolution and Dielectric Properties of Ultrafine Grained BaTiO <sub>3</sub> ‐Based Ceramics by Two‐Step Sintering (2011)

The base‐metal electrode multilayer ceramic capacitors for future application require much thinner dielectric layers (<1 μm). Therefore, the grain size and uniformity of dielectric ceramics should be effectively controlled. In this paper, a two‐step sintering (TSS) method has been utilized to prepare the ultrafine‐grained X7R BaTiO 3 ceramics in reducing atmosphere with the average grain size below 200 nm. And the influence of TSS schedule on the microstructure (such as bulk density, grain size) and dielectric properties is discussed in detail. Furthermore, the development of core–shell structure and corresponding temperature coefficient of capacitance characteristics during the intermediate stage of TSS process has been systematically investigated.
Production of pomace olive oil (2006)

Pomace oil is the principal by-product in olive oil processing and is currently developing considerably due to the technological advances which the mills have undergone in recent years. This investigation aims at presenting an overview of the complexity of this sector which, with around 100 years of existence, is searching for a role in the new integral strategy of the olive oil industry after the crisis suffered in 2001. Physical extraction, drying and solvent extraction are discussed, along with the influence of the technological treatments on the chemical composition of pomace oil.
Flux (2009)

FLUX is an interactive touch-sensitive tilting surface that can be used either as a sketching board, as an interactive discussion table, and as a digital presentation whiteboard. The surface, based on a rear-projection screen, supports both multi-touch interaction as well as multiple pen interaction with individual identification of each pen. Our setup combines two tracking technologies. For the hand-tracking, we take advantage of the Frustrated Total Internal Reflection (FTIR) technology. For the pen-tracking, we are using the tracking technology developed by Anoto.
Inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase:<i>N</i>'-(5-bromo-2-pyridyl)-<i>N</i>-[2-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]thiourea (1999)

The crystal structure of the title compound, C16H18Br-N3O2S (HI-236), a potent non-nucleoside inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, revealed an intramolecular hydrogen bond between a thiourea N atom and the pyridyl-N atom [N-H...N = 2.671 (3) A, graph-set motif S1(1)(6)] that imparts a more rigid conformation to the molecule. A second hydrogen bond between a thiourea N atom and the thiocarbonyl-S atom [N-H2...S = 3.403 (2) A, graph-set motif R2(2)(8)] was observed between inversion-related molecules of HI-236. The first-level hydrogen-bond graph-set notation for HI-236 was determined to be S1(1)(6)R2(2)(8).
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Use of a Boron Source for Boron Enolate Mediated Stereoselective Aldol Reactions in Water. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Online measuring dispersion sign in optical communication systems (2003)

A new method for an online measurement of the dispersion sign in optical communication systems is demonstrated. The measurement of the dispersion sign is based on a low frequency amplitude and wavelength modulation of a DFB laser source in the transmitter. By comparing, at the receiver, the phase of the extracted clock signal to the phase of a signal, obtained due to the amplitude modulation of the DFB laser, the sign of the dispersion is determined. The new monitoring technique might be important in high data rate optical communication systems where the allowable residual dispersion is close to zero.
Software performance estimation strategies in a system-level design tool (2000)

High-level cost and performance estimation, coupled with a fast hardware/software co-simulation framework, is a key enabler to a fast embedded system design cycle. Unfortunately, the problem of deriving such estimates without a detailed implementation available is difficult.
Can Television Advertising Impact Be Measured on the Web? Web Spike Response as a Possible Conversion Tracking System for Television (2014)

Consumers are increasingly using internet-connected devices while watching television. This paper will show that it is possible to measure web activity bursts that peak about 13 seconds after the end of traditional TV ad broadcasts. By measuring this effect, we propose that it may be possible to deploy a web-based TV conversion tracking system that will work on TV systems.
Immunological cross reactivity between Candida albicans and human tissue. (1996)

An old concept to account for autoimmunity is the existence of immunologic cross reactions, or shared determinants between an exogenous agent and self antigen. To study molecular mimicry between the Candida antigen and an autoantigen, sera from clinical specimens were screened, based on seronegativity or positivity for thyroid, ovary and adrenal antibodies. Compared with tissue antibody negative sera and sera from healthy controls, samples from positive tissue antibody subjects exhibited significantly higher levels of Candida IgG (P < 0.001) IgM (P < 0.001) and IgA (P < 0.01) antibodies. While Candida antibodies were elevated in 60% of tissue antibody positive samples, these antibodies were present in only 7.5% of tissue antibody negative subjects and in 10% of healthy controls. Since PAGE electrophoresis showed similar bands mobility in Candida and different tissues, these positive antibodies and rabbit anti Candida antibodies were reacted in immunodiffusion and Western Blot Assay against Candida and tissue antigens, simultaneously. The results of immunodiffusion showed a clear precipitation line against tissue antigens when rabbit anti Candida or human positive Candida serum was used. Similarly, Western Blot Assays with rabbit or human anti Candida serum showed several positive bands with Candida and one or two positive bands with different tissues. The common antigens were located in the regions of 72 and 36 KD. The 72 KD was detected in capsule antigens, placenta, ovary, adrenal, thymus, liver, pancreas, spleen, brain and kidney, but not in sperm or epithelial cell antigen. The 36 KD antigen was positive in placenta, spleen adrenal, pancreas and capsule tissues. Absorbtion of sera containing high levels of Candida antibodies with tissue antigens caused 10-15% reduction in antibody titers. Moreover, treatment of thyroid antibody positive sera with C. Albicans caused a similar reduction in thyroid antibody levels. These reductions in antibody levels are an additional support for cross reactivity between C. Albicans and mammalian tissues. A demonstration of immunological cross reactivity between Candida and human tissues may be associated with the possible pathogenic role of Candida Albicans in the development of autoimmune diseases which warrants further investigation.
Real-Time Traffic Prediction Using GPS Data with Low Sampling Rates: A Hybrid Approach (2012)

GPS devices, as an emerging mobile traffic data source, offer new opportunities for short-term traffic prediction, especially in arterial networks where traditional fixed-location sensors are sparse. In particular, GPS data that is provided in the form of point speeds, rather than trajectories, are considered. This is the case when GPS data from consumers is sampled at discrete points by a service provider, e.g. to protect privacy of the consumers by not permitting a reconstruction of their trajectories. In the context studied in this paper as well as others observed in practice, such GPS sampling rates are quite low and link-level speed estimates based on small samples of instantaneous GPS speed readings can be unreliable. Therefore, traditional time-series traffic prediction methods based on fixed-location data sources is usually inapplicable in this context. This paper presents a hybrid data mining approach for real-time traffic speed prediction based on such GPS data. It was found that reliable speed predictions can be obtained by combining GPS data with an additional, offline data source collecting link speed periodically. The primary contribution of GPS data comes from both the global and local count information within ranges of speed categories. The key elements of this approach include the neighboring distance criterion considering both local and global GPS counts information, the ensemble rule, and the cross-validation framework. The example studied is drawn from the 2010 IEEE International Competition on Data Mining traffic prediction competition, in which the authors were part of a team that finished second worldwide.