gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adaptive phase shifting in FIR filters with application to equalizers (2002)

A method for phase-adaptation in FIR filters is introduced and applied to fractionally-spaced equalizers. The technique removes the need of a high-precision rotator-derotator pair when training a blind equalizer with the constant modulus algorithm (CMA). The phase-correcting CMA (PCMA) provides an equalizer with the same convergence reliability as the CMA and the hardware cost comparable to the reduced constellation algorithm (RCA). The technique can also be used to avoid the most common cases of ill-convergence in the RCA.
High thermoelectric performance in the multi-valley electronic system Zr3Ni3−<i>x</i>Co<i>x</i>Sb4 and the high-mobility Zr3Ni3−<i>x</i>Cu<i>x</i>Sb4 (2014)

We report synthesis and thermoelectric performance of the p-type Zr3Ni3−xCoxSb4 and the n-type Zr3Ni3−xCuxSb4, which are derived from the same parent semiconductor Zr3Ni3Sb4. We found a high thermoelectric performance for both the p-type compound (the figure-of-merit ZT is 0.52 at 760 K) and the n-type compound (ZT = 0.41 at 670 K). ZT of the p-type compound exceeded the value of the p-type half-Heusler compounds consisting of similar elements. The Hall-coefficient measurements indicate that the high ZT in the n-type compounds is a consequence of the high electron mobility of 52.4 cm2/Vs. In contrast, the p-type compounds showed higher ZT in spite of much lower mobility. We discuss the mechanism for the high ZT in the p-type compound from the viewpoint of the multi-valley band structure.
Molecular Pathways in Invasive Bladder Cancer: New Insights Into Mechanisms, Progression, and Target Identification (2006)

Papillary and invasive cancers of the urinary bladder appear to evolve and progress through distinct molecular pathways. Invasion in bladder cancer forebodes a graver prognosis, and these tumors are generally characterized by alterations in the p53 and retinoblastoma (RB) pathways that normally regulate the cell cycle by interacting with the Ras-mitogen activated protein kinase signal transduction pathway. Tumor angiogenesis further contributes to the neoplastic growth by providing a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients. Distinct epigenetic and genetic events characterize the interplay between the molecules involved in these pathways, thus affording their use as indicators of prognosis. Efforts are now underway to construct molecular panels comprising multiple markers that can serve as more robust predictors of outcome. While clinical trials for targeted chemotherapy for bladder cancer have commenced, novel genetic and pharmacologic agents that can target pathway-specific molecules are currently under development. The next generation of clinical management for urothelial carcinoma will witness the use of multimarker panels for prognostic prediction and combination therapy directed at novel molecular targets for treatment.
<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> IncA Is Localized to the Inclusion Membrane and Is Recognized by Antisera from Infected Humans and Primates (1998)

Chlamydia psittaci produces a collection of proteins, termed IncA, IncB, and IncC, that are localized to the chlamydial inclusion membrane. In this report we demonstrate that IncA is also produced by Chlamydia trachomatis. C. trachomatis IncA is structurally similar to C. psittaci IncA and is also localized to the inclusion membrane. Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that sera from C. trachomatis-infected patients and from experimentally infected monkeys both recognized C. trachomatis IncA.
Electrodynamic MEMS: Application to Mobile Phone Loudspeakers (2012)

This paper presents an electrodynamic MEMS for mobile phone loudspeaker applications. The whole structure of the loudspeaker is a new conception to reach higher performances than in existing devices: a linear behavior to ensure a high acoustic fidelity and a high efficiency to increase the power autonomy. So, the motor is ironless, constituted of permanent magnet only. Several electrodynamic structures are presented and studied with analytical formulations of the magnetic field. The emissive part is a plane silicon surface, very rigid and light, the suspension is achieved by silicon beams, which are not sensitive to mechanical fatigue, the electroplated copper coil is thick and requires a specialist technique to be deposited. The moving part displacements are in a range far larger than in existing MEMS (600 μ m). The trends for dimensioning the structure are investigated and prototypes realized and tested, with NdFeB ring magnets. As a result, the 70 dB SPL at 10 cm bandwidth reaches up to 100 kHz, and the behavior is particularly linear.
Polymer assisted deposition (2007)

Polymer assisted deposition (PAD) is a chemical solution route to high quality thin films of metal oxides. This technique employs metal ions coordinated to polymers as the film precursor. The use of polymer bound metals has several advantages. The polymer controls the viscosity and binds metal ions, resulting in a homogeneous distribution of metal precursors in the solution and the formation of uniform metal oxide films. The nature of the metal oxide deposition is dominated by bottom-up growth, leading to ready formation of crack-free epitaxial metal oxides and the ability to coat nanofeatured substrates in a conformal fashion.
A Reusable Electrochemical Proximity Assay for Highly Selective, Real-Time Protein Quantitation in Biological Matrices (2014)

Rapid and specific quantitation of a variety of proteins over a wide concentration range is highly desirable for biosensing at the point-of-care, in clinical laboratories, and in research settings. Our recently developed electrochemical proximity assay (ECPA) is a target-flexible, DNA-directed, direct-readout protein quantitation method with detection limits in the low femtomolar range, making it particularly amenable to point-of-care detection. However, consistent quantitation in more complex matrices is required at the point-of-care, and improvements in measurement speed are needed for clinical and research settings. Here, we address these concerns with a reusable ECPA, where a gentle regeneration of the surface DNA monolayer (used to capture the proximity complex) is achieved enzymatically through a novel combination of molecular biology and electrochemistry. Strategically placed uracils in the DNA sequence trigger selective cleavage of the backbone, releasing the assembled proximity complex. This allows repeated protein quantitation by square-wave voltammetry (SWV)-as quickly as 3 min between runs. The process can be repeated up to 19 times on a single electrode without loss of assay sensitivity, and currents are shown to be highly repeatable with similar calibrations using seven different electrodes. The utility of reusable ECPA is demonstrated through two important applications in complex matrices: (1) direct, quantitative monitoring of hormone secretion in real time from as few as five murine pancreatic islets and (2) standard addition experiments in unspiked serum for direct quantitation of insulin at clinically relevant levels. Results from both applications distinguish ECPA as an exceptional tool in protein quantitation.
Bass handbells of aluminum (1997)

In order to obtain a higher radiation efficiency and thereby enhance the sound of bass handbells, Malmark has created a new bell design using aluminum rather than the traditional bronze. These bells are larger in diameter, and they have lower coincidence frequencies, both of which lead to more efficient radiation of bass notes. Using holographic interferometry, vibrational modes of a new aluminum bell are compared with those of a bronze bell having the same fundamental frequency. Sound radiation studies of these large bells reveal a prominent sixth-harmonic partial that is not present in smaller handbells.
Potential Prognostic Biomarkers of Pancreatic Cancer (2013)

This analysis suggests distinct proteomic signatures for pancreatic cancer. Patients in our study with elevated levels of S100A8 or A9 in the ductal fluid, a near absence of pancreatic enzymes, and high levels of mucins were found to have significantly worse prognosis. Although further validation is needed to corroborate these findings, analysis of pancreatic ductal fluid is a promising tool for identifying biomarkers of interest.
State-of-the Art Comparability of Corrected Emission Spectra. 2. Field Laboratory Assessment of Calibration Performance Using Spectral Fluorescence Standards (2012)

In the second part of this two-part series on the state-of-the-art comparability of corrected emission spectra, we have extended this assessment to the broader community of fluorescence spectroscopists by involving 12 field laboratories that were randomly selected on the basis of their fluorescence measuring equipment. These laboratories performed a reference material (RM)-based fluorometer calibration with commercially available spectral fluorescence standards following a standard operating procedure that involved routine measurement conditions and the data evaluation software LINKCORR developed and provided by the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM). This instrument-specific emission correction curve was subsequently used for the determination of the corrected emission spectra of three test dyes, X, QS, and Y, revealing an average accuracy of 6.8% for the corrected emission spectra. This compares well with the relative standard uncertainties of 4.2% for physical standard-based spectral corrections demonstrated in the first part of this study (previous paper in this issue) involving an international group of four expert laboratories. The excellent comparability of the measurements of the field laboratories also demonstrates the effectiveness of RM-based correction procedures.
Interference mitigation : theory and application (1996)

This book presents means and technologies to reduce interference that affect the reception of radio, television and radar signals. Various alternatives to mitigate interference, created intentionally or inadvertently, and their underlying theories are discussed. Key topics include adaptive interference cancellation, interference rejection by a fixed or adaptive array, adaptive separation of signals, and innovative applications of closed loop cancellation technology in acoustics, direction finding and in instrumentation.
Cavityless optical bistability due to light-induced absorption in cadmium sulfide (1984)

Cavityless, whole-beam optical bistability in thin, uncoated cadmium sulfide platelets is observed at milliwatt power levels when a cw laser is tuned near a sharp extrinsic excitonic resonance in cadmium sulfide (the I2 bound exciton). Very large contrast ratios between the on and off states are measured. The detuning and temperature dependence of the bistability results are reported. Preliminary transient measurements are also discussed.
Improving Multi-job MapReduce Scheduling in an Opportunistic Environment (2013)

As a state-of-the-art programming model for big data analytics, MapReduce is well suited for parallel processing of large data sets in opportunistic environments. Existing research on MapReduce in opportunistic environment has focused on improving single job performance, the issue of fairness that is critical in the more dominant scenario of multiple concurrent jobs remains unexplored. We address this problem by proposing an opportunistic fair scheduling algorithm, which extends the broadly adopted Fair Scheduler to an environment where nodes are intermittently available with possibly different availability patterns. The proposed scheduler maintains statistics specific to the opportunistic environment, e.g., node availability rates and pairwise availability correlations, and utilizes this information in scheduling decisions to improve fairness. Using a Hadoop-based implementation, we compare our scheduler with the current Hadoop Fair Scheduler on representative benchmarks. Our experiments verify that our scheduler can significantly reduce the variability in job completion times.
Photolytically Driven Generation of Dissolved Oxygen and Increased Oxyhemoglobin in Whole Blood (2006)

The severely debilitating nature of chronic lung disease has long provided the impetus for the development of technologies to supplement the respiratory capacity of the human lung. Although conventional artificial lung technologies function by delivering pressurized oxygen to the blood through a system of hollow fibers or tubes, our approach uses photolytic energy to generate dissolved oxygen (DO) from the water already present in blood, thus eliminating the need for gas delivery. We have previously demonstrated that it is feasible to generate dissolved oxygen from water based on UVA illumination of a highly absorbent TiO2 thin film. In the current study, we extend this work by using photolytic energy to generate DO from whole blood, thus resulting in an increase of oxyhemoglobin as a function of back side TiO2 surface film illumination. Initial experiments, performed with Locke's Ringer solution, demonstrated effective film thickness and material selection for the conductive layer. The application of a small bias voltage was used to conduct photogenerated electrons from the aqueous phase to minimize electron recombination with the DO.Mixed arterial-venous bovine blood was flowed in a recirculating loop over TiO2 nanocrystalline films illuminated on the side opposite the blood (or "back side") to eliminate the possibility of any direct exposure of blood to light. After light exposure of the TiO2 film, the fraction of oxyhemoglobin in the blood rapidly increased to near saturation and remained stable throughout the trial period. Last, we evaluated potential biofouling of the DO generating surface by scanning electron microscopy, after photolytically energized DO generation in whole blood, and observed no white or red blood cell surface deposition, nor the accumulation of any other material at this magnification. We conclude that it is feasible to photolytically oxygenate the hemoglobin contained in whole blood with oxygen derived from the blood's own water content without involving a gaseous phase.
Small Molecule Inhibitors of Integrin α2β1 (2007)

Interactions between the integrin, alpha2beta1, and extracellular matrix (ECM), particularly collagen, play a pivotal role in platelet adhesion and thrombus formation. Platelets interact with collagen in the subendothelial matrix that is exposed by vascular damage. To evaluate the potential of alpha2beta1 inhibitors for anticancer and antithrombotic applications, we have developed a series of small molecule inhibitors of this integrin based on a prolyl-2,3-diaminopropionic acid (DAP) scaffold using solid-phase parallel synthesis. A benzenesulfonamide substituent at the N-terminus of the dipepetide and a benzyl urea at the DAP side chain resulted in tight and highly selective inhibition of alpha2beta1-mediated adhesion of human platelets and other cells to collagen.
Fidora: Robust WiFi-Based Indoor Localization via Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (2022)

Emerging Internet of Things (IoT) applications, such as cashier-less shopping, mobile ads targeting, and geo-based augmented reality (AR), are expected to bring us much more convenience and infotainment. To realize this amazing future, we need to feed these applications with user locations of (sub)meter-level resolution anytime and anywhere. Unfortunately, many widely used location sources are either unavailable indoor (e.g., global positioning system) or coarse grained (e.g., user check-ins). In order to provide ubiquitous localization services, the widespread WiFi signals are being leveraged to establish (sub)meter-level localization systems. Fine-grained WiFi propagation characteristics, which are sensitive to human body locations, have been employed to create location fingerprints. However, these WiFi characteristics are also sensitive to: 1) the body shapes of different users and 2) the objects in the background environment. Consequently, systems based on WiFi fingerprints are vulnerable in the presence of: 1) new users with different body shapes and 2) daily changes of the environment, e.g., opening/closing doors. To tackle this issue, this article proposes a WiFi-based localization system based on domain-adaptation with cluster assumption, named Fidora. Fidora is able to: 1) localize different users with labeled data from only one or two example users and 2) localize the same user in a changed environment without labeling any new data. To achieve these, Fidora integrates two major modules. It first adopts a data augmenter that introduces data diversity using a variational autoencoder (VAE). It then trains a domain-adaptive classifier that adjusts itself to newly collected unlabeled data using a joint classification-reconstruction structure. We conducted real-world experiments to evaluate Fidora against the state of the art. It is demonstrated that when tested on an unlabeled user, Fidora increases the average <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$F1$ </tex-math></inline-formula> score by 17.8% and improves the worst case accuracy by 20.2%. Moreover, when applied in a varied environment, Fidora outperforms the state of the art by 23.1%.
Comparison of standard of care treatment with a low steroid and mycophenolate mofetil regimen for lupus nephritis in the ALMS and AURA studies (2019)

Lupus nephritis is the most common organ-threatening manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus. The current standard of care for patients is treatment with a combination of steroids plus either mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or cyclophosphamide. However, these medications are associated with considerable toxicity and suboptimal efficacy. This retrospective propensity analysis of data from 63 matched patients enrolled in two of the largest active lupus nephritis controlled trials, ALMS and AURA, suggests that the high dose regimen of MMF and steroids as described in the 2012 American College of Rheumatology lupus nephritis guidelines may not be necessary in all lupus nephritis patients. A lower dose regimen may result in better long-term safety, including a reduction in lymphoproliferative disorders, skin cancers and steroid related side effects, without compromising efficacy. An ongoing randomized controlled double-blind phase 3 study, AURORA (NCT03021499), is investigating renal response in 358 patients randomized to receive a low dose regimen containing voclosporin, MMF and steroid therapy as used in the AURA trial. It is anticipated that the AURORA study and its blinded two-year extension will provide important long-term outcome data.
Potent and Selective Ligands for the Dopamine Transporter (DAT):  Structure−Activity Relationship Studies of Novel 4-[2-(Diphenylmethoxy)ethyl]-1-(3-phenylpropyl)piperidine Analogues (1998)

Molecular structural modifications of 4-[2-(diphenylmethoxy)ethyl]-1-(3-phenylpropyl)piperidine (1a), a dopamine transporter (DAT)-specific ligand, generated several novel analogues. Biological activities of these new molecules for their binding to the DAT and serotonin transporter (SERT) were evaluated in rat striatal membranes. Some of these new analogues were more potent and selective than GBR 12909 when their binding to the DAT relative to SERT was compared. Thus compounds 9 and 19a were among the most potent (IC50 = 6.6 and 6.0 nM, respectively) and selective (DAT/SERT = 33.8 and 30.0, respectively) compounds in this series, and they were more active than GBR 12909 (IC50 = 14 nM, DAT/SERT = 6.1). Introduction of a double bond in the N-propyl side chain of these molecules did not influence their activities to a great extent. Bioisosteric replacement of the aromatic phenyl group by a thiophene moiety produced some of the most potent compounds in this series.
Three‐dimensional reconstruction of internal fascicles and microvascular structures of human peripheral nerves (2019)

Biofabricated nanostructured and microstructured scaffolds have exhibited great potential for nerve tissue regeneration and functional restoration, and prevascularization and biotransportation within 3D fascicle structures are critical. Unfortunately, an ideal internal fascicle and microvascular model of human peripheral nerves is lacking. In this study, we used microcomputed tomography (microCT) to acquire high-resolution images of the human sciatic nerve. We propose a novel deep-learning network technique, called ResNetH3D-Unet, to segment fascicles and microvascular structures. We reconstructed 3D intraneural fascicles and microvascular topography to quantify the fascicle volume ratio (FVR), microvascular volume ratio (MVR), microvascular to fascicle volume ratio (MFVR), fascicle surface area to volume ratio (FSAVR), and microvascular surface area to volume ratio (MSAVR) of human samples. The frequency distributions of the fascicle diameter, microvascular diameter, and fascicle-to-microvasculature distance were analyzed. The obtained microCT analysis and reconstruction provided high-resolution microstructures of human peripheral nerves. Our proposed ResNetH3D-Unet method for fascicle and microvasculature segmentation yielded a mean intersection over union (IOU) of 92.1% (approximately 5% higher than the U-net IOU). The 3D reconstructed model showed that the internal microvasculature runs longitudinally within the internal epineurium and connects to the external vasculature at some points. Analysis of the 3D data indicated a 48.2 ± 3% FVR, 23.7 ± 1.8% MVR, 4.9 ± 0.5% MFVR, 7.26 ± 2.58 mm<sup>-1</sup> FSAVR, and 1.52 ± 0.52 mm<sup>-1</sup> MSAVR. A fascicle diameter of 0.98 mm, microvascular diameter of 0.125 mm, and microvasculature-to-fascicle distance of 0.196 mm were most frequent. This study provides fundamental data and structural references for designing bionic scaffolding constructs with 3D microvascular and fascicle distributions.
Boosted dictionaries for image restoration based on sparse representations (2013)

Sparse representations using learned dictionaries have been successful in several image processing applications. However, using a single dictionary model in inverse problems may lead to instability in estimation. In this paper, we propose to perform image restoration using an ensemble of weak dictionaries that incorporate prior knowledge about the form of linear corruption. The dictionary learned in each round of the training procedure is optimized for the training examples having high reconstruction error in the previous round. The weak dictionaries are either obtained using a weighted K-Means or an example-selection approach. The final restored data is computed as a convex combination of data restored in individual rounds. Results with compressed recovery of standard images show that the proposed dictionaries result in a better performance compared to using a single dictionary obtained with a traditional alternating minimization approach.
Post-Polymerization Crosslinked Polyurethane Shape-Memory Polymers (2010)

Abstract not provided