gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Using 3d laser range data for slam in outdoor environments (2004)

Robot navigation in poorly structured and uneven outdoor environments is an unsolved problem. Thus we present a SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping) approach that is based on "leveled range scans ". The combines 3D perception with 2D localization and mapping. In this way established path planning and 2D navigation algorithms can be used in uneven terrain without the computational costs of full three dimensional modeling. The paper describes the processing steps data acquisition, obstacle segmentation, generation of leveled range scans and SLAM with these scans. Additionally, the paper shows experimental results in man-made outdoor environments as they are typical for service robots used by civilians.
An experimental page layout recognition system for office document automatic classification: an integrated approach for inductive generalization (2002)

A novel approach to automatic classification of digitized office documents based on the inductive generalization of their layout style, is presented. It is supported by the observation that for a number of printed documents it is possible to find a set of relevant and invariant layout features. These are geometrical characteristics automatically detected through a segmentation and layout analysis process. The learning step, in which significant examples of document classes are used to train the classification system, involves the novel idea of integrating parametric (numerical) and conceptual (symbolic) learning methods.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Increases in microvascular perfusion and tissue oxygenation via pulsed electromagnetic fields in the healthy rat brain (2014)

This is the first demonstration of the acute effects of PEMF on cerebral cortical microvascular perfusion and metabolism. Thirty minutes of PEMF treatment induced cerebral arteriolar dilation leading to an increase in microvascular blood flow and tissue oxygenation that persisted for at least 3 hours. The effects of PEMF were mediated by NO, as we have shown in NOS inhibition experiments. These results suggest that PEMF may be an effective treatment for patients after traumatic or ischemic brain injury. Studies on the effect of PEMF on the injured brain are in progress.
High-Molecular-Mass Multi- <i>c</i> -Heme Cytochromes from <i>Methylococcus capsulatus</i> Bath (1999)

The polypeptide and structural gene for a high-molecular-mass c-type cytochrome, cytochrome c553O, was isolated from the methanotroph Methylococcus capsulatus Bath. Cytochrome c553O is a homodimer with a subunit molecular mass of 124,350 Da and an isoelectric point of 6. 0. The heme c concentration was estimated to be 8.2 +/- 0.4 mol of heme c per subunit. The electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum showed the presence of multiple low spin, S = 1/2, hemes. A degenerate oligonucleotide probe synthesized based on the N-terminal amino acid sequence of cytochrome c553O was used to identify a DNA fragment from M. capsulatus Bath that contains occ, the gene encoding cytochrome c553O. occ is part of a gene cluster which contains three other open reading frames (ORFs). ORF1 encodes a putative periplasmic c-type cytochrome with a molecular mass of 118, 620 Da that shows approximately 40% amino acid sequence identity with occ and contains nine c-heme-binding motifs. ORF3 encodes a putative periplasmic c-type cytochrome with a molecular mass of 94, 000 Da and contains seven c-heme-binding motifs but shows no sequence homology to occ or ORF1. ORF4 encodes a putative 11,100-Da protein. The four ORFs have no apparent similarity to any proteins in the GenBank database. The subunit molecular masses, arrangement and number of hemes, and amino acid sequences demonstrate that cytochrome c553O and the gene products of ORF1 and ORF3 constitute a new class of c-type cytochrome.
Autonomic exploration of trade-offs between power and performance in disk drives (2010)

Over-provisioning is a standard capacity planning practice that leads to disk drives operating mostly under very low utilization (as low as single digit utilization) but that are consuming disproportional amounts of power. Methodologies that place the disk drive into a low power mode during idle times can assist in conserving power. This is a challenging problem because the performance of future jobs cannot be compromised, yet there is no knowledge of future disk arrivals. In this paper we explore the above problem by exploring ranges and trade offs of possible power savings and performance within a set of enterprise storage traces. We demonstrate the difficulty of obtaining significant power savings even in traces where overall utilization is less than 5% and explore the feasibility of popular schemes such as workload shaping for power savings. We also propose a proactive autonomic algorithm that suggests when and for how long a power savings mode should be activated given an acceptable performance degradation target that is user provided. The robustness of the algorithm is illustrated via extensive experimentation.
BWIG: Bluetooth Web Internet Gateway (2003)

Bluetooth is a new wireless standard for low cost, low power, local radio communications. This technology is designed to be small enough to fit inside any electronic device, hence revolutionizing wireless connectivity by enabling many new and innovative services for its users. Several usage models and applications are already being identified for various Bluetooth wireless mobile devices such as headsets, telephones, computers, modems, and so forth. In this paper, we propose a new architecture called BWIG (Bluetooth Web Internet Gateway) which defines a Bluetooth usage model that provides seamless ad-hoc Web access for Internet-enabled Bluetooth portable devices such as PDA, notebook computers and WAP mobile telephones. We validate our proposal by developing a prototype implementation of the various functional blocks of BWIG and show how it can be deployed and used in actual devices for Internet access.
Competitive interactions between <i>Microdochium nivale</i> var. <i>majus</i> , <i>M. nivale</i> var. <i>nivale</i> and <i>Fusarium culmorum in planta</i> and <i>in vitro</i> (2003)

Microdochium nivale var. majus and var. nivale are economically important fungal pathogens of cereal seedlings, stem bases and ears, as is the toxigenic species Fusarium culmorum. Competition experiments on seedlings support an earlier report of differential host preference between the varieties of M. nivale on wheat and rye seedlings at 15 degrees C, but showed that it does not extend across a broad range of temperatures. The studies showed that, although interaction is disadvantageous to the less virulent pathogen, it does not confer an advantage to the more virulent pathogen. In mixed inoculum experiments on wheat seedlings at 15 degrees C and 20 degrees C, F. culmorum suppressed the growth of both varieties of M. nivale. However, if M. nivale var. majus became established on the seedlings, it was able to co-suppress colonization of wheat seedlings by F. culmorum. In contrast M. nivale var. nivale did not suppress F. culmorum significantly. The growth of M. nivale var. majus and F. culmorum was also co-suppressed in liquid culture. Significantly, the accumulation of deoxynivalenol mycotoxin was also reduced in the mixed in vitro culture compared with axenic culture of F. culmorum. However, in vitro interaction studies on solidified media were of only limited use in predicting the outcome of competitions in planta.
Phosphatidylserine functions as the major precursor of phosphatidylethanolamine in cultured BHK-21 cells. (1984)

Pulse-chase experiments with [3H]serine provide evidence that significant amounts of phosphatidylserine turn over to form phosphatidylethanolamine in mammalian cells in tissue culture. Phospholipase C hydrolysis of [3H]phosphatidylethanolamine synthesized from [3H]serine by baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells demonstrates that nearly all of the radiolabel remains in the ethanolamine moiety. Uniform labeling experiments with [3H]serine further demonstrate that the distribution of radiolabel in phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine is nearly identical to the mass ratio of these lipids. Physiological concentrations of ethanolamine (20 microM) have only a marginal effect upon the ability of cells in culture to incorporate radiolabeled serine into either phosphatidylserine or phosphatidylethanolamine. These data provide compelling evidence that phosphatidylethanolamine synthesis via phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylserine decarboxylase contributes significantly to membrane biogenesis in mammalian cells.
Online Ash Fouling Prediction for Boiler Heating Surfaces based on Wavelet Analysis and Support Vector Regression (2019)

Depending on its operating conditions, traditional soot blowing is activated for a fixed time. However, low-frequency soot blowing can cause heat transfer efficiency to decrease. High-frequency soot blowing not only wastes high-pressure steam, but also abrades surface pipes, reducing the working life of a heat exchange device. Therefore, it is necessary to design an online ash fouling monitoring system to perform soot blowing that is dependent on the status of ash accumulation. This study presents an online monitoring model of ash-layer thermal resistance that reflects the degree of ash fouling. A wavelet threshold denoising algorithm was applied to smooth the thermal resistance of the ash layer calculated by the heat balance mechanism model. Thus, the variation in thermal resistance becomes more visible, which is more conducive to optimizing the operation of soot blowing. The designed Support Vector Regression (SVR) model could achieve the online prediction of thermal resistance denoising for low-temperature superheaters. Experimental analysis indicates that the prediction accuracy was 98.5% during the testing phase. By using the method proposed in this study, online monitoring of heating surfaces during the ash fouling process can be realized without adding complicated and expensive equipment.
The role of hydride coverage in surface-limited thin-film growth of epitaxial silicon and germanium (1993)

The connection between the hydride coverage and thin-film growth rate was investigated by a kinetic model consisting of the elementary reaction steps of source gas chemisorption and hydrogen desorption in silicon and germanium epitaxial thin-film growth from silanes and germanes. A generalized form of the model for steady-state conditions was used to extract the kinetic parameters of the elementary reaction steps from experimental film growth data in the literature. Three-dimensional plots of the growth rate as a function of the substrate temperature and the source gas flux were used to summarize the trends in steady-state surface-limited thin-film growth using the kinetic parameters extracted by the model. The three-dimensional plots show that: (1) each of the elementary reaction steps is dominantly dependent only on a single external growth parameter, and (2) in the transition region where neither of the elementary steps is clearly dominant the growth rates exhibit a complex dependence on the growth parameters. The kinetic parameters for the elementary reaction steps are found to be in good agreement with the values obtained by independent (nonfilm growth) surface studies. The insight gained by modeling the hydride coverage in thin-film growth led to development of digital epitaxy, an alternative growth method to atomic layer epitaxy of group IV materials. Digital epitaxy is accomplished through cyclic repetition of alternating chemisorption and hydrogen desorption stages.
High-efficiency organic light-emitting diodes with exciplex hosts (2019)

Exciplex forming co-hosts have been applied to fabricate high-efficiency organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) due to the merits of bipolarity, 100% exciton harvesting, preferred dipole alignment, and sensitizing effects.
Design and Optimization of a Mechanism for Out-of-Plane Insect Winglike Motion With Twist (2005)

A mechanism is presented that can generate insect winglike motion. This motion includes both flapping out of the stroke plane in addition to twist of the wing. The mechanism has a single degree of freedom and employs a five-bar mechanism in addition to an auxiliary four-bar mechanism. The parameters in the mechanism were optimized to generate a prescribed motion of the wing taken from a hawk moth kinematic flight data. A scaled model of the mechanism was fabricated to verify practical feasibility of the design. In future, we will miniaturize this mechanism on our flying-bird prototypes.
Ultrafast Electron Dynamics in Single Aluminum Nanostructures (2019)

Aluminum nanostructures are a promising alternative material to noble metal nanostructures for several photonic and catalytic applications, but their ultrafast electron dynamics remain elusive. Here, we combine single-particle transient extinction spectroscopy and parameter-free first-principles calculations to investigate the non-equilibrium carrier dynamics in aluminum nanostructures. Unlike gold nanostructures, we find the sub-picosecond optical response of lithographically fabricated aluminum nanodisks to be more sensitive to the lattice temperature than the electron temperature. We assign the rise in the transient transmission to electron-phonon coupling with a pump-power-independent lifetime of 500 ± 100 fs and theoretically confirm this strong electron-phonon coupling behavior. We also measure electron-phonon lifetimes in chemically synthesized aluminum nanocrystals and find them to be even longer (1.0 ± 0.1 ps) than for the nanodisks. We also observe a rise and decay in the transient transmissions with amplitudes that scale with the surface-to-volume ratio of the aluminum nanodisks, implying a possible hot carrier trapping and detrapping at the native oxide shell-metal core interface.
Properties of composite proton-conducting membranes prepared from three-dimensionally ordered macroporous polyimide matrix and polyelectrolyte (2005)

A new proton-conducting composite membrane has been prepared by use of a three-dimensionally ordered macroporous matrix of polyimide and a proton-conducting gel polymer; the resulting composite membrane exhibited very high conductivity of 1.7 x 10-1 S cm-1 at 60 degrees C under 90% relative humidity.
Coverage and the Use of Cyclic Redundancy Codes in Ultra-Dependable Systems (2005)

A cyclic redundancy code (CRC), when used properly, can be an effective and relatively inexpensive method to detect data corruption across communication channels. However, some systems use CRCs in ways that violate common assumptions made in analyzing CRC effectiveness, resulting in an overly optimistic prediction of system dependability. CRCs detect errors with some finite probability, which depends on factors including the strength of the particular code used, the bit-error rate, and the message length being checked. Common assumptions also include a passive network inter-stage, explicit data words, memoryless channels, and random independent symbol errors. In this paper we identify some examples of CRC usage that compromise ultra-dependable system design goals, and recommend alternate ways to improve system dependability via architectural approaches rather than error detection coding approaches.
High throughput single cell bioinformatics (2009)

Advances in systems biology and bioinformatics have highlighted that no cell population is truly uniform and that stochastic behavior is an inherent property of many biological systems. As a result, bulk measurements can be misleading even when particular care has been taken to isolate a single cell type, and measurements averaged over multiple cell populations in a tissue can be as misleading as the average height at an elementary school. There is a growing need for experimental techniques that can provide a combination of single cell resolution, large cell populations, and the ability to track cells over multiple time points. In this article, a microwell array cytometry platform was developed to meet this need and investigate the heterogeneity and stochasticity of cell behavior on a single cell basis. The platform consisted of a microfabricated device with high-density arrays of cell-sized microwells and custom software for automated image processing and data analysis. As a model experimental system, we used primary hepatocytes labeled with fluorescent probes sensitive to mitochondrial membrane potential and free radical generation. The cells were exposed to oxidative stress and the responses were dynamically monitored for each cell. The resulting data was then analyzed using bioinformatics techniques such as hierarchical and k-means clustering to visualize the data and identify interesting features. The results showed that clustering of the dynamic data not only enhanced comparisons between the treatment groups but also revealed a number of distinct response patterns within each treatment group. Heatmaps with hierarchical clustering also provided a data-rich complement to survival curves in a dose response experiment. The microwell array cytometry platform was shown to be powerful, easy to use, and able to provide a detailed picture of the heterogeneity present in cell responses to oxidative stress. We believe that our microwell array cytometry platform will have general utility for a wide range of questions related to cell population heterogeneity, biological stochasticity, and cell behavior under stress conditions.
In vitro unfolding of retinol-binding protein by dithiothreitol. Endoplasmic reticulum-associated factors. (1993)

HepG2 cells in the presence of DTT synthesize fully reduced serum retinol-binding protein (RBP) within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Upon removal of DTT, RBP forms disulfide bonds and a folding intermediate, compact II, accumulates within the ER. Compact II RBP co-migrates on nonreducing gel electrophoresis with the secreted form of RBP but is differentiated from secreted RBP by its sensitivity to DTT-induced unfolding (see accompanying article; Kaji, E. H., and Lodish, H. F. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 22188-22194). Here, we have reconstituted DTT-induced unfolding of compact II RBP in a broken cell system and demonstrate that ER-associated factors enhance the unfolding of RBP by DTT. Protein disulfide isomerase is likely to be one such factor since it enhances the rate of RBP unfolding by DTT in vitro; protein disulfide isomerase-induced unfolding requires the absence of retinoids, similar to the DTT-induced unfolding in vivo. ATP enhances the unfolding of RBP in the absence but not in the presence of retinol, both in intact and broken cells. Thus, protein disulfide isomerase and other ATP-dependent factors can unfold partly folded (or misfolded) RBP in the ER, suggesting how improperly folded proteins might be correctly refolded in vivo.
Tirapazamine, Cisplatin, and Radiation Versus Cisplatin and Radiation for Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck (TROG 02.02, HeadSTART): A Phase III Trial of the Trans-Tasman Radiation Oncology Group (2010)

We found no evidence that the addition of TPZ to chemoradiotherapy, in patients with advanced head and neck cancer not selected for the presence of hypoxia, improves OS.
fVisiOn: Glasses-free Tabletop 3-D Display – Its Design Concept and Prototype – (2011)

fVisiOn is a novel, glasses-free tabletop 3-D display designed for tabletop interaction scenarios. It floats virtual 3-D objects on a flat tabletop surface and provides a natural mixed-reality environment for multiple people around the table.
Ultralow loss ring resonators using 3.5% index-contrast Ge-doped silica waveguides (2003)

Ring resonators (RRs) with a round-trip loss below 0.1 dB and a maximum free-spectral range (FSR) of 62.7 GHz were successfully fabricated. Single-mode waveguides of essentially square cross sections (/spl sim/2.6 × 2.8 μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) were patterned through reactive ion etching on a core layer of high Ge content doped silica deposited using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition; they received a silica overclad. A propagation loss of 0.085 dB/cm was recorded for these waveguides. We strongly believe that our technology makes it possible to fabricate equally ultralow-loss RRs of even smaller bending radius, reaching an FSR of 100 GHz, thus opening the way to the design of filters for wavelength-division-multiplexing systems.
Full Fabrication and Packaging of an Implantable Multi-Panel Device for Monitoring of Metabolites in Small Animals (2014)

In this work, we show the realization of a fully-implantable device for monitoring free-moving small animals. The device integrates a microfabricated sensing platform, a coil for power and data transmission and two custom designed integrated circuits. The device is intended to be implanted in mice, free to move in a cage, to monitor the concentration of metabolites. We show the system level design of each block of the device, and we present the fabrication of the passive sensing platform and its employment for the electrochemical detection of endogenous and exogenous metabolites. Moreover, we describe the assembly of the device to test the biocompatibility of the materials used for the microfabrication. To ensure biocompatibility, an epoxy enhanced polyurethane membrane was used to cover the device. We proved through an in-vitro characterization that the membrane was capable to retain enzyme activity up to 35 days. After 30 days of implant in mice, in-vivo experiments proved that the membrane promotes the integration of the sensor with the surrounding tissue, as demonstrated by the low inflammation level at the implant site.
Re-engineering Negative Inspection and Cutting: A Study of its Work Process Ergonomics and the Definition of Computerized Workstations for Each Activity (1995)

An ergonomic situation analysis was performed in preparation for the introduction of new negative inspection and cutting workstations and the addition of several efficiency enhancements. This paper reviews the physical and neurosensorial demands on negative inspectors and cutters and explores whether a cause-and-effect relationship exists between equipment typically used and the discomforts and traumas that occur. It proposes work situation improvements in human posture, equipment, work surface, environmental arrangements, and work processes.
UMTS architecture for integrating terrestrial and satellite systems (1999)

This architecture proposal for the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System harmonizes several approaches to the evolving European Union mobile-systems standard. The architecture accommodates both satellite and terrestrial networks and allows a smooth transition from existing systems to UMTS.
MC<sup>2</sup>‐Net: motion correction network for multi‐contrast brain MRI (2021)

A deep learning-based motion correction method for multi-contrast MRI was successfully developed, and experimental results demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.